doc_id	sent_index	relation_id	relation	trigger	trigger_offset	arg_num	arg_head	arg_protein	arg_domain	arg_site	arg_sugar	arg_head_offset	arg_base_np	arg_base_np_offset	arg_np	arg_np_offset	sent_text
27708373	4	0	theme	0.922	995:999	arg1	values					975:980	AUC values	971:980	AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation	971:1033	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	5	1	dep	N-	1194:1195	arg1	sites					1224:1228	sites	1224:1228	sites	1224:1228	We applied GlycoMinestruct to screen the human structural proteome and obtained high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites.
27708373	3	2	dep	N-	652:653	arg1	sites					682:686	sites	682:686	sites	682:686	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	5	3	link	O-linked	1201:1208	arg1	glycosylation					1210:1222	O-linked glycosylation	1201:1222	O-linked glycosylation	1201:1222	We applied GlycoMinestruct to screen the human structural proteome and obtained high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites.
27708373	0	4	theme	N-linked	84:91	arg1	glycoproteomes					106:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	3	5	theme	two-step	782:789	arg1	strategy					809:816	a two-step feature-selection strategy	780:816	a two-step feature-selection strategy	780:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	4	6	theme	only	890:893	arg1	predictor					895:903	the only predictor	886:903	the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation	886:1033	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	0	7	theme	human	78:82	arg1	glycoproteomes					106:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	6	8	theme	events	1321:1326	arg1	discovery					1294:1302	the discovery	1290:1302	the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1290:1394	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	3	9	theme	improved	623:630	arg1	prediction					632:641	improved prediction	623:641	improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites	623:686	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	0	10	theme	O-linked	97:104	arg1	glycoproteomes					106:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	6	11	theme	glycosylation	1307:1319	arg1	events					1321:1326	glycosylation events	1307:1326	glycosylation events	1307:1326	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	4	12	theme	AUC	971:973	arg1	values					975:980	AUC values	971:980	AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation	971:1033	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	2	13	theme	protein	298:304	arg1	glycosylation					306:318	protein glycosylation	298:318	protein glycosylation	298:318	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	3	14	with	framework	765:773	arg1	strategy					809:816	a two-step feature-selection strategy	780:816	a two-step feature-selection strategy	780:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	1	15	theme	important	182:190	arg1	role					192:195	an important role	179:195	an important role	179:195	Glycosylation plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion, ligand-binding and subcellular recognition.
27708373	4	16	theme	0.941	985:989	arg1	values					975:980	AUC values	971:980	AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation	971:1033	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	3	17	theme	human	646:650	arg1	N-					652:653	human N-	646:653	human N-	646:653	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	4	18	dep	outperformed	862:873	arg1	NGlycPred					875:883	NGlycPred	875:883	NGlycPred	875:883	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	2	19	theme	sequence-derived	343:358	arg1	features					360:367	sequence-derived features	343:367	sequence-derived features	343:367	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	0	20	theme	new	19:21	arg1	tool					38:41	a new bioinformatics tool	17:41	a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	17:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	5	21	theme	human	1123:1127	arg1	proteome					1140:1147	the human structural proteome	1119:1147	the human structural proteome	1119:1147	We applied GlycoMinestruct to screen the human structural proteome and obtained high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites.
27708373	5	22	theme	high-confidence	1162:1176	arg1	predictions					1178:1188	high-confidence predictions	1162:1188	high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites	1162:1228	We applied GlycoMinestruct to screen the human structural proteome and obtained high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites.
27708373	3	23	dep	http	564:567	arg1	//glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/					569:616	//glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/	569:616	http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/	564:616	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	1	24	theme	cell-cell	200:208	arg1	adhesion					210:217	cell-cell adhesion	200:217	cell-cell adhesion	200:217	Glycosylation plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion, ligand-binding and subcellular recognition.
27708373	2	25	theme	glycosylation	468:480	arg1	prediction					482:491	glycosylation prediction	468:491	glycosylation prediction	468:491	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	0	26	theme	glycoproteomes	106:119	arg1	mapping					63:69	highly accurate mapping	47:69	highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	47:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	5	27	theme	O-linked	1201:1208	arg1	glycosylation					1210:1222	O-linked glycosylation	1201:1222	O-linked glycosylation	1201:1222	We applied GlycoMinestruct to screen the human structural proteome and obtained high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites.
27708373	2	28	theme	features	456:463	arg1	importance					431:440	the importance	427:440	the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction	427:491	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	4	29	link	O-linked	1012:1019	arg1	glycosylation					1021:1033	O-linked glycosylation	1012:1033	O-linked glycosylation	1012:1033	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	3	30	dep	GlycoMinestruct	548:562	arg1	http					564:567	http	564:567	http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/	564:616	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	0	31	theme	structural	138:147	arg1	features					149:156	structural features	138:156	structural features	138:156	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	6	32	theme	powerful	1264:1271	arg1	GlycoMinestruct					1231:1245	GlycoMinestruct	1231:1245	GlycoMinestruct	1231:1245	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	6	32	theme	powerful	1264:1271	arg1	tool					1273:1276	a powerful tool	1262:1276	a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1262:1394	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	3	33	theme	glycosylation	668:680	arg1	prediction					632:641	improved prediction	623:641	improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites	623:686	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	6	34	theme	substrates	1332:1341	arg1	discovery					1294:1302	the discovery	1290:1302	the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1290:1394	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	2	35	theme	structural	445:454	arg1	features					456:463	structural features	445:463	structural features	445:463	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	0	36	theme	bioinformatics	23:36	arg1	tool					38:41	a new bioinformatics tool	17:41	a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	17:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	3	37	link	O-linked	659:666	arg1	glycosylation					668:680	O-linked glycosylation	659:680	O-linked glycosylation	659:680	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	3	38	theme	structural	714:723	arg1	features					725:732	sequence and structural features	701:732	features	725:732	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	4	39	theme	structure	941:949	arg1	features					951:958	both sequence and structure features	923:958	features	951:958	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	4	40	theme	test	1068:1071	arg1	dataset					1073:1079	an independent test dataset	1053:1079	an independent test dataset	1053:1079	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	4	41	theme	O-linked	1012:1019	arg1	glycosylation					1021:1033	O-linked glycosylation	1012:1033	O-linked glycosylation	1012:1033	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	5	42	theme	structural	1129:1138	arg1	proteome					1140:1147	the human structural proteome	1119:1147	the human structural proteome	1119:1147	We applied GlycoMinestruct to screen the human structural proteome and obtained high-confidence predictions for N- and O-linked glycosylation sites.
27708373	4	43	theme	independent	1056:1066	arg1	dataset					1073:1079	an independent test dataset	1053:1079	an independent test dataset	1053:1079	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	3	44	theme	O-linked	659:666	arg1	glycosylation					668:680	O-linked glycosylation	659:680	O-linked glycosylation	659:680	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	2	45	theme	little	376:381	arg1	work					383:386	little work	376:386	little work	376:386	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	6	46	theme	experimental	1375:1386	arg1	studies					1388:1394	hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1357:1394	hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1357:1394	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	2	47	link	sequence-derived	343:358	arg1	features					360:367	sequence-derived features	343:367	sequence-derived features	343:367	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	6	48	theme	hypothesis-driven	1357:1373	arg1	studies					1388:1394	hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1357:1394	hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1357:1394	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	3	49	theme	sequence	701:708	arg1	features					725:732	sequence and structural features	701:732	features	725:732	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	6	50	used	used	1254:1257	arg2	tool					1273:1276	a powerful tool	1262:1276	a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies	1262:1394	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	6	50	used	used	1254:1257	arg2	GlycoMinestruct					1231:1245	GlycoMinestruct	1231:1245	GlycoMinestruct	1231:1245	GlycoMinestruct can be used as a powerful tool to expedite the discovery of glycosylation events and substrates to facilitate hypothesis-driven experimental studies.
27708373	3	51	theme	novel	513:517	arg1	method					534:539	a novel bioinformatics method	511:539	a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy	511:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	3	52	theme	integrated	740:749	arg1	framework					765:773	an integrated computational framework	737:773	an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy	737:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	0	53	link	O-linked	97:104	arg1	glycoproteomes					106:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	3	54	theme	bioinformatics	519:532	arg1	method					534:539	a novel bioinformatics method	511:539	a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy	511:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	1	55	theme	subcellular	239:249	arg1	recognition					251:261	subcellular recognition	239:261	subcellular recognition	239:261	Glycosylation plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion, ligand-binding and subcellular recognition.
27708373	3	56	theme	computational	751:763	arg1	framework					765:773	an integrated computational framework	737:773	an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy	737:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	4	57	theme	sequence	928:935	arg1	features					951:958	both sequence and structure features	923:958	features	951:958	Experiments indicated that GlycoMinestruct outperformed NGlycPred, the only predictor that incorporated both sequence and structure features, achieving AUC values of 0.941 and 0.922 for N- and O-linked glycosylation, respectively, on an independent test dataset.
27708373	0	58	theme	accurate	54:61	arg1	mapping					63:69	highly accurate mapping	47:69	highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	47:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	3	59	theme	feature-selection	791:807	arg1	strategy					809:816	a two-step feature-selection strategy	780:816	a two-step feature-selection strategy	780:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	2	60	theme	Current	264:270	arg1	approaches					272:281	Current approaches	264:281	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation	264:318	Current approaches for predicting protein glycosylation are primarily based on sequence-derived features, while little work has been done to systematically assess the importance of structural features to glycosylation prediction.
27708373	0	61	link	N-linked	84:91	arg1	glycoproteomes					106:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes	74:119	GlycoMinestruct: a new bioinformatics tool for highly accurate mapping of the human N-linked and O-linked glycoproteomes by incorporating structural features.
27708373	3	62	theme	N-	652:653	arg1	prediction					632:641	improved prediction	623:641	improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites	623:686	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
27708373	3	63	from	features	725:732	arg1	framework					765:773	an integrated computational framework	737:773	an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy	737:816	Here, we propose a novel bioinformatics method called GlycoMinestruct(http://glycomine.erc.monash.edu/Lab/GlycoMine_Struct/) for improved prediction of human N- and O-linked glycosylation sites by combining sequence and structural features in an integrated computational framework with a two-step feature-selection strategy.
28351515	4	0	from	UDP-GlcNAc	739:748	arg1	cytosol					726:732	the cytosol	722:732	the cytosol from UDP-GlcNAc	722:748	Sia are synthesized in the cytosol from UDP-GlcNAc by the Roseman-Warren pathway.
28351515	1	1	theme	post-translational	156:173	arg1	Glycosylation					107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	1	1	theme	post-translational	156:173	arg1	modification					175:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification	124:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins	124:198	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	7	2	dep	known	999:1003	arg1	human					989:993	human	989:993	human	989:993	There are 20 (human) ST known, which all transfer CMP-activated Sia to specific acceptor-sites on glycoconjugates.
28351515	6	3	dep	sialyltransferases	950:967	arg1	ST					970:971	ST	970:971	ST	970:971	Sia are transferred on glycoconjugates by a family of Golgi-located enzymes, so called sialyltransferases (ST).
28351515	7	4	theme	specific	1046:1053	arg1	acceptor-sites					1055:1068	specific acceptor-sites	1046:1068	specific acceptor-sites on glycoconjugates	1046:1087	There are 20 (human) ST known, which all transfer CMP-activated Sia to specific acceptor-sites on glycoconjugates.
28351515	9	5	theme	ST	1384:1385	arg1	expression					1370:1379	the expression	1366:1379	the expression of ST on the level of transcription	1366:1415	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	9	6	theme	embryonic	1176:1184	arg1	line					1196:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	6	7	theme	called	943:948	arg1	sialyltransferases					950:967	so called sialyltransferases	940:967	so called sialyltransferases (ST)	940:972	Sia are transferred on glycoconjugates by a family of Golgi-located enzymes, so called sialyltransferases (ST).
28351515	6	7	theme	called	943:948	arg1	family					907:912	a family	905:912	a family of Golgi-located enzymes	905:937	Sia are transferred on glycoconjugates by a family of Golgi-located enzymes, so called sialyltransferases (ST).
28351515	0	8	theme	acids	100:104	arg1	biosynthesis					77:88	biosynthesis	77:88	biosynthesis	77:88	The expression of sialyltransferases is regulated by the bioavailability and biosynthesis of sialic acids.
28351515	0	8	theme	acids	100:104	arg1	bioavailability					57:71	bioavailability	57:71	bioavailability	57:71	The expression of sialyltransferases is regulated by the bioavailability and biosynthesis of sialic acids.
28351515	3	9	theme	cellular	656:663	arg1	level					665:669	cellular level	656:669	cellular level	656:669	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	7	10	theme	CMP-activated	1025:1037	arg1	Sia					1039:1041	CMP-activated Sia	1025:1041	CMP-activated Sia	1025:1041	There are 20 (human) ST known, which all transfer CMP-activated Sia to specific acceptor-sites on glycoconjugates.
28351515	3	11	gly	glycoproteins	496:508	arg1	glycoproteins					496:508	most glycoproteins	491:508	most glycoproteins	491:508	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	9	12	from	expression	1370:1379	arg1	level					1394:1398	the level	1390:1398	the level of transcription	1390:1415	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	0	13	theme	sialic	93:98	arg1	acids					100:104	sialic acids	93:104	sialic acids	93:104	The expression of sialyltransferases is regulated by the bioavailability and biosynthesis of sialic acids.
28351515	3	14	theme	=	526:526	arg1	glycolipids					513:523	glycolipids	513:523	glycolipids (= glycoconjugates)	513:543	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	14	theme	=	526:526	arg1	glycoconjugates					528:542	= glycoconjugates	526:542	= glycoconjugates	526:542	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	15	from	function	574:581	arg1	level					665:669	cellular level	656:669	cellular level	656:669	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	15	from	function	574:581	arg1	molecular					586:594	molecular	586:594	molecular	586:594	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	10	16	theme	substrate	1477:1485	arg1	concentration					1450:1462	the concentration	1446:1462	the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell,	1446:1586	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	10	17	theme	total	1607:1611	arg1	sialylation					1613:1623	total sialylation	1607:1623	total sialylation	1607:1623	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	10	18	theme	cell	1582:1585	arg1	conditions					1566:1575	the environmental conditions	1548:1575	the environmental conditions of a cell	1548:1585	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	5	19	theme	UDP-GlcNAc	819:828	arg1	GNE					857:859	GNE	857:859	GNE	857:859	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	5	19	theme	UDP-GlcNAc	819:828	arg1	kinase					849:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase	815:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE)	815:860	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	5	19	theme	UDP-GlcNAc	819:828	arg1	enzyme					789:794	The key enzyme	781:794	The key enzyme of this pathway	781:810	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	10	20	theme	donor	1471:1475	arg1	substrate					1477:1485	the donor substrate	1467:1485	the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell,	1467:1586	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	2	21	theme	glycan	283:288	arg1	structure					257:265	the final structure	247:265	the final structure of a particular glycan	247:288	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	3	22	from	molecular	586:594	arg1	variety					563:569	a variety	561:569	a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection)	561:696	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	22	from	molecular	586:594	arg1	function					574:581	function	574:581	function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection)	574:696	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	1	23	theme	proteins	191:198	arg1	Glycosylation					107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	1	23	theme	proteins	191:198	arg1	modification					175:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification	124:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins	124:198	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	3	24	theme	influenza	677:685	arg1	infection					687:695	influenza infection	677:695	influenza infection	677:695	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	2	25	theme	enzymes	367:373	arg1	expression					340:349	the expression	336:349	the expression of the required enzymes	336:373	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	2	25	theme	enzymes	367:373	arg1	availability					383:394	the availability	379:394	the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides)	379:436	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	8	26	theme	expression	1112:1121	arg1	regulation					1094:1103	The regulation	1090:1103	The regulation of the expression of ST	1090:1127	The regulation of the expression of ST is still not understood.
28351515	6	27	theme	enzymes	931:937	arg1	sialyltransferases					950:967	so called sialyltransferases	940:967	so called sialyltransferases (ST)	940:972	Sia are transferred on glycoconjugates by a family of Golgi-located enzymes, so called sialyltransferases (ST).
28351515	6	27	theme	enzymes	931:937	arg1	family					907:912	a family	905:912	a family of Golgi-located enzymes	905:937	Sia are transferred on glycoconjugates by a family of Golgi-located enzymes, so called sialyltransferases (ST).
28351515	3	28	theme	half-life	641:649	arg1	determination					602:614	determination	602:614	determination of protein stability and half-life	602:649	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	2	29	theme	required	358:365	arg1	enzymes					367:373	the required enzymes	354:373	the required enzymes	354:373	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	0	30	theme	sialyltransferases	18:35	arg1	expression					4:13	The expression	0:13	The expression of sialyltransferases	0:35	The expression of sialyltransferases is regulated by the bioavailability and biosynthesis of sialic acids.
28351515	4	31	theme	Roseman-Warren	757:770	arg1	pathway					772:778	the Roseman-Warren pathway	753:778	the Roseman-Warren pathway	753:778	Sia are synthesized in the cytosol from UDP-GlcNAc by the Roseman-Warren pathway.
28351515	9	32	theme	stem	1186:1189	arg1	line					1196:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	2	33	theme	activated	411:419	arg1	substrates					399:408	substrates	399:408	substrates (activated monosaccharides)	399:436	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	2	33	theme	activated	411:419	arg1	monosaccharides					421:435	activated monosaccharides	411:435	activated monosaccharides	411:435	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	9	34	theme	Sia	1277:1279	arg1	precursors					1281:1290	soluble Sia precursors	1269:1290	soluble Sia precursors	1269:1290	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	0	35	dep	bioavailability	57:71	arg1	the					53:55	the	53:55	the	53:55	The expression of sialyltransferases is regulated by the bioavailability and biosynthesis of sialic acids.
28351515	3	36	from	variety	563:569	arg1	level					665:669	cellular level	656:669	cellular level	656:669	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	36	from	variety	563:569	arg1	molecular					586:594	molecular	586:594	molecular	586:594	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	2	37	theme	substrates	399:408	arg1	expression					340:349	the expression	336:349	the expression of the required enzymes	336:373	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	2	37	theme	substrates	399:408	arg1	availability					383:394	the availability	379:394	the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides)	379:436	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	9	38	theme	precursors	1281:1290	arg1	supplementation					1250:1264	supplementation	1250:1264	supplementation of soluble Sia precursors	1250:1290	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	3	39	theme	protein	619:625	arg1	stability					627:635	protein stability	619:635	protein stability	619:635	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	2	40	theme	final	251:255	arg1	structure					257:265	the final structure	247:265	the final structure of a particular glycan	247:288	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	5	41	theme	2-epimerase/ManNAc	830:847	arg1	GNE					857:859	GNE	857:859	GNE	857:859	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	5	41	theme	2-epimerase/ManNAc	830:847	arg1	kinase					849:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase	815:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE)	815:860	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	5	41	theme	2-epimerase/ManNAc	830:847	arg1	enzyme					789:794	The key enzyme	781:794	The key enzyme of this pathway	781:810	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	3	42	theme	Sialic	439:444	arg1	acid					446:449	Sialic acid	439:449	Sialic acid (Sia)	439:455	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	42	theme	Sialic	439:444	arg1	Sia					452:454	Sia	452:454	Sia	452:454	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	9	43	theme	Sia	1343:1345	arg1	availability					1327:1338	the cellular availability	1314:1338	the cellular availability of Sia	1314:1345	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	9	44	theme	GNE-deficient	1162:1174	arg1	line					1196:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	9	45	theme	soluble	1269:1275	arg1	precursors					1281:1290	soluble Sia precursors	1269:1290	soluble Sia precursors	1269:1290	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	5	46	theme	pathway	804:810	arg1	enzyme					789:794	The key enzyme	781:794	The key enzyme of this pathway	781:810	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	5	46	theme	pathway	804:810	arg1	kinase					849:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase	815:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE)	815:860	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	3	47	from	level	665:669	arg1	variety					563:569	a variety	561:569	a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection)	561:696	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	47	from	level	665:669	arg1	function					574:581	function	574:581	function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection)	574:696	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	10	48	theme	sialyltransferases	1490:1507	arg1	substrate					1477:1485	the donor substrate	1467:1485	the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell,	1467:1586	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	6	49	theme	Golgi-located	917:929	arg1	enzymes					931:937	Golgi-located enzymes	917:937	Golgi-located enzymes	917:937	Sia are transferred on glycoconjugates by a family of Golgi-located enzymes, so called sialyltransferases (ST).
28351515	9	50	theme	transcription	1403:1415	arg1	level					1394:1398	the level	1390:1398	the level of transcription	1390:1415	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	3	51	dep	infection	687:695	arg1	e.g.					672:675	e.g.	672:675	e.g.	672:675	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	2	52	theme	consensus	223:231	arg1	sequences					233:241	specific consensus sequences	214:241	specific consensus sequences	214:241	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	1	53	theme	important	146:154	arg1	Glycosylation					107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	1	53	theme	important	146:154	arg1	modification					175:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification	124:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins	124:198	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	3	54	theme	terminal	464:471	arg1	monosaccharide					473:486	the terminal monosaccharide	460:486	the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates)	460:543	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	11	55	theme	environmental	1705:1717	arg1	conditions					1719:1728	altered environmental conditions	1697:1728	altered environmental conditions	1697:1728	This allows a cell to response to altered environmental conditions.
28351515	2	56	theme	specific	214:221	arg1	sequences					233:241	specific consensus sequences	214:241	specific consensus sequences	214:241	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	2	57	theme	particular	272:281	arg1	glycan					283:288	a particular glycan	270:288	a particular glycan	270:288	It occurs on specific consensus sequences but the final structure of a particular glycan is not coded on the DNA, rather it depends on the expression of the required enzymes and the availability of substrates (activated monosaccharides).
28351515	10	58	theme	environmental	1552:1564	arg1	conditions					1566:1575	the environmental conditions	1548:1575	the environmental conditions of a cell	1548:1585	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	8	59	theme	ST	1126:1127	arg1	expression					1112:1121	the expression	1108:1121	the expression of ST	1108:1127	The regulation of the expression of ST is still not understood.
28351515	10	60	gly	sialylation	1613:1623	arg1	sialylation					1650:1660	sialylation	1650:1660	sialylation	1650:1660	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	3	61	theme	glycolipids	513:523	arg1	monosaccharide					473:486	the terminal monosaccharide	460:486	the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates)	460:543	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	62	theme	stability	627:635	arg1	determination					602:614	determination	602:614	determination of protein stability and half-life	602:649	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	10	63	theme	sialylation	1650:1660	arg1	quality					1639:1645	the quality	1635:1645	the quality of sialylation	1635:1660	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	10	63	theme	sialylation	1650:1660	arg1	sialylation					1613:1623	total sialylation	1607:1623	total sialylation	1607:1623	In summary, we suggest that the concentration of the donor substrate of sialyltransferases, which can be regarded as a sensor for the environmental conditions of a cell, regulates not only total sialylation, but also the quality of sialylation.
28351515	1	64	theme	frequent	133:140	arg1	Glycosylation					107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation	107:119	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	1	64	theme	frequent	133:140	arg1	modification					175:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification	124:186	the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins	124:198	Glycosylation is the most frequent and important post-translational modification of proteins.
28351515	11	65	theme	altered	1697:1703	arg1	conditions					1719:1728	altered environmental conditions	1697:1728	altered environmental conditions	1697:1728	This allows a cell to response to altered environmental conditions.
28351515	3	66	dep	determination	602:614	arg1	e.g.					597:600	e.g.	597:600	e.g.	597:600	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	67	theme	function	574:581	arg1	variety					563:569	a variety	561:569	a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection)	561:696	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	67	theme	function	574:581	arg1	function					574:581	function	574:581	function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection)	574:696	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	3	68	theme	most	491:494	arg1	glycoproteins					496:508	most glycoproteins	491:508	most glycoproteins	491:508	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
28351515	9	69	theme	cell	1191:1194	arg1	line					1196:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line	1160:1199	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	9	70	theme	cellular	1318:1325	arg1	availability					1327:1338	the cellular availability	1314:1338	the cellular availability of Sia	1314:1345	Using a GNE-deficient embryonic stem cell line, which cannot synthesize Sia endogenously and by supplementation of soluble Sia precursors, we present data that the cellular availability of Sia strongly regulates the expression of ST on the level of transcription.
28351515	7	71	from	acceptor-sites	1055:1068	arg1	glycoconjugates					1073:1087	glycoconjugates	1073:1087	glycoconjugates	1073:1087	There are 20 (human) ST known, which all transfer CMP-activated Sia to specific acceptor-sites on glycoconjugates.
28351515	5	72	theme	key	785:787	arg1	enzyme					789:794	The key enzyme	781:794	The key enzyme of this pathway	781:810	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	5	72	theme	key	785:787	arg1	kinase					849:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase	815:854	the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE)	815:860	The key enzyme of this pathway is the UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE).
28351515	3	73	theme	glycoproteins	496:508	arg1	monosaccharide					473:486	the terminal monosaccharide	460:486	the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates)	460:543	Sialic acid (Sia) is the terminal monosaccharide of most glycoproteins or glycolipids (= glycoconjugates) and involved in a variety of function on molecular (e.g. determination of protein stability and half-life) and cellular level (e.g. influenza infection).
25425657	0	0	theme	α2,6-sialylated	69:83	arg1	transferrin					85:95	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	69:95	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	69:95	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	1	1	theme	SSA	314:316	arg1	inhibition					318:327	SSA inhibition	314:327	SSA inhibition	314:327	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	1	theme	SSA	314:316	arg1	ELISA					307:311	ELISA	307:311	ELISA (SSA inhibition)	307:328	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	5	2	theme	liver	683:687	arg1	section					689:695	a liver section	681:695	a liver section	681:695	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	4	3	theme	SSA	613:615	arg1	lectin					617:622	SSA lectin	613:622	SSA lectin	613:622	Addition of SSA lectin markedly attenuated the staining.
25425657	7	4	theme	N-glycosylation	1146:1160	arg1	Asn-630					1181:1187	Asn-630	1181:1187	Asn-630	1181:1187	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	4	theme	N-glycosylation	1146:1160	arg1	Asn-432					1169:1175	Asn-432	1169:1175	Asn-432	1169:1175	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	4	theme	N-glycosylation	1146:1160	arg1	sites					1162:1166	N-glycosylation sites	1146:1166	N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630)	1146:1188	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	5	5	theme	section	689:695	arg1	treatment					668:676	Sialidase treatment	658:676	Sialidase treatment of a liver section	658:695	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	1	6	gly	α2,6-sialylated	194:208	arg1	epitopes					217:224	α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes	194:224	α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin	194:239	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	6	7	theme	proximity	888:896	arg1	importance					874:883	the importance	870:883	the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	870:959	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	10	8	theme	binding	1469:1475	arg1	sites					1477:1481	SSA binding sites	1465:1481	SSA binding sites	1465:1481	This result suggests that proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites is critical for SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry.
25425657	6	9	theme	transferrin	1042:1052	arg1	sequences					1029:1037	partial amino acid sequences	1010:1037	partial amino acid sequences of transferrin	1010:1052	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	0	10	dep	visualization	8:20	arg1	localization					53:64	localization	53:64	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.	0:109	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	10	11	from	inhibition	1503:1512	arg1	immunohistochemistry					1517:1536	immunohistochemistry	1517:1536	immunohistochemistry	1517:1536	This result suggests that proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites is critical for SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry.
25425657	0	12	theme	transferrin	85:95	arg1	localization					53:64	localization	53:64	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.	0:109	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	6	13	theme	glycosylation	940:952	arg1	sites					955:959	SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	927:959	SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	927:959	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	5	14	theme	SSA	707:709	arg1	binding					711:717	SSA binding	707:717	SSA binding	707:717	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	4	15	theme	lectin	617:622	arg1	Addition					601:608	Addition	601:608	Addition of SSA lectin	601:622	Addition of SSA lectin markedly attenuated the staining.
25425657	1	16	from	binding	281:287	arg1	inhibition					318:327	SSA inhibition	314:327	SSA inhibition	314:327	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	16	from	binding	281:287	arg1	ELISA					307:311	ELISA	307:311	ELISA (SSA inhibition)	307:328	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	17	theme	Sambucus	146:153	arg1	agglutinin					167:176	Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin	146:176	Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA)	146:182	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	17	theme	Sambucus	146:153	arg1	lectin					138:143	a lectin	136:143	a lectin	136:143	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	17	theme	Sambucus	146:153	arg1	SSA					179:181	SSA	179:181	SSA	179:181	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	6	18	theme	SSA-binding	927:937	arg1	sites					955:959	SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	927:959	SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	927:959	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	8	19	theme	peptide	1225:1231	arg1	Val120-Cys137					1243:1255	Val120-Cys137	1243:1255	Val120-Cys137	1243:1255	The other (Tf-120Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Val120-Cys137, distal to the sites.
25425657	8	19	theme	peptide	1225:1231	arg1	sequence					1233:1240	a peptide sequence	1223:1240	a peptide sequence	1223:1240	The other (Tf-120Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Val120-Cys137, distal to the sites.
25425657	0	20	gly	α2,6-sialylated	69:83	arg1	transferrin					85:95	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	69:95	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	69:95	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	1	21	theme	sieboldiana	155:165	arg1	agglutinin					167:176	Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin	146:176	Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA)	146:182	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	21	theme	sieboldiana	155:165	arg1	lectin					138:143	a lectin	136:143	a lectin	136:143	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	1	21	theme	sieboldiana	155:165	arg1	SSA					179:181	SSA	179:181	SSA	179:181	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	10	22	theme	antigen	1446:1452	arg1	epitope					1454:1460	the antigen epitope	1442:1460	the antigen epitope	1442:1460	This result suggests that proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites is critical for SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry.
25425657	6	23	theme	acid	1024:1027	arg1	sequences					1029:1037	partial amino acid sequences	1010:1037	partial amino acid sequences of transferrin	1010:1052	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	10	24	theme	SSA	1499:1501	arg1	inhibition					1503:1512	SSA inhibition	1499:1512	SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry	1499:1536	This result suggests that proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites is critical for SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry.
25425657	2	25	theme	SSA	351:353	arg1	inhibition					355:364	SSA inhibition	351:364	SSA inhibition	351:364	Here we report that SSA inhibition is applicable to immunohistochemistry, localizing α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	0	26	theme	In	0:1	arg1	visualization					8:20	In situ visualization	0:20	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.	0:109	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	1	27	theme	anti-transferrin	255:270	arg1	binding					281:287	anti-transferrin antibody binding	255:287	anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition)	255:328	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	5	28	theme	Sialidase	658:666	arg1	treatment					668:676	Sialidase treatment	658:676	Sialidase treatment of a liver section	658:695	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	8	29	theme	distal	1258:1263	arg1	Val120-Cys137					1243:1255	Val120-Cys137	1243:1255	Val120-Cys137	1243:1255	The other (Tf-120Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Val120-Cys137, distal to the sites.
25425657	8	29	theme	distal	1258:1263	arg1	sequence					1233:1240	a peptide sequence	1223:1240	a peptide sequence	1223:1240	The other (Tf-120Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Val120-Cys137, distal to the sites.
25425657	2	30	theme	α2,6-sialylated	416:430	arg1	transferrin					432:442	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	416:442	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	416:442	Here we report that SSA inhibition is applicable to immunohistochemistry, localizing α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	1	31	theme	antibody	272:279	arg1	binding					281:287	anti-transferrin antibody binding	255:287	anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition)	255:328	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	5	32	theme	SSA	747:749	arg1	inhibition					751:760	SSA inhibition	747:760	SSA inhibition	747:760	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	3	33	theme	interlobular	581:592	arg1	veins					594:598	interlobular veins	581:598	interlobular veins	581:598	Immunohistochemistry using anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody revealed that transferrin was detected in hepatocytes near interlobular veins.
25425657	6	34	theme	partial	1010:1016	arg1	sequences					1029:1037	partial amino acid sequences	1010:1037	partial amino acid sequences of transferrin	1010:1052	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	0	35	theme	glycoform	27:35	arg1	visualization					8:20	In situ visualization	0:20	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.	0:109	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	7	36	theme	peptide	1092:1098	arg1	sequence					1100:1107	a peptide sequence	1090:1107	a peptide sequence	1090:1107	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	36	theme	peptide	1092:1098	arg1	proximal					1134:1141	proximal	1134:1141	proximal	1134:1141	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	36	theme	peptide	1092:1098	arg1	Cys596-Ala614					1110:1122	Cys596-Ala614	1110:1122	Cys596-Ala614	1110:1122	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	6	37	theme	antigen	906:912	arg1	epitopes					914:921	antigen epitopes	906:921	antigen epitopes	906:921	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	3	38	located	detected	552:559	arg1	hepatocytes					564:574	hepatocytes	564:574	hepatocytes near interlobular veins	564:598	Immunohistochemistry using anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody revealed that transferrin was detected in hepatocytes near interlobular veins.
25425657	3	38	located	detected	552:559	arg2	transferrin					536:546	transferrin	536:546	transferrin	536:546	Immunohistochemistry using anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody revealed that transferrin was detected in hepatocytes near interlobular veins.
25425657	7	39	gly	N-glycosylation	1146:1160	arg2	Asn-432					1169:1175	Asn-432	1169:1175	Asn-432	1169:1175	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	39	gly	N-glycosylation	1146:1160	arg2	sites					1162:1166	N-glycosylation sites	1146:1166	N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630)	1146:1188	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	39	gly	N-glycosylation	1146:1160	arg2	Asn-630					1181:1187	Asn-630	1181:1187	Asn-630	1181:1187	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	10	40	theme	SSA	1465:1467	arg1	sites					1477:1481	SSA binding sites	1465:1481	SSA binding sites	1465:1481	This result suggests that proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites is critical for SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry.
25425657	0	41	from	localization	53:64	arg1	liver					104:108	the liver	100:108	the liver	100:108	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	7	42	dep	sites	1162:1166	arg1	Asn-630					1181:1187	Asn-630	1181:1187	Asn-630	1181:1187	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	42	dep	sites	1162:1166	arg1	Asn-432					1169:1175	Asn-432	1169:1175	Asn-432	1169:1175	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	7	42	dep	sites	1162:1166	arg1	sites					1162:1166	N-glycosylation sites	1146:1166	N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630)	1146:1188	One antibody (Tf-596Ab) is against a peptide sequence, Cys596-Ala614, which is proximal to N-glycosylation sites (Asn-432 and Asn-630).
25425657	9	43	dep	reduced	1317:1323	arg1	whereas					1349:1355	whereas	1349:1355	whereas	1349:1355	The staining signals of Tf-596Ab were reduced by the addition of SSA, whereas those of Tf-120Ab were reduced only a little.
25425657	0	44	theme	transferrin	40:50	arg1	glycoform					27:35	a glycoform	25:35	a glycoform of transferrin	25:50	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	6	45	theme	anti-peptide	978:989	arg1	antibodies					991:1000	two anti-peptide antibodies	974:1000	two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin	974:1052	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	6	46	theme	amino	1018:1022	arg1	sequences					1029:1037	partial amino acid sequences	1010:1037	partial amino acid sequences of transferrin	1010:1052	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	3	47	theme	polyclonal	502:511	arg1	antibody					513:520	anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody	485:520	anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody	485:520	Immunohistochemistry using anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody revealed that transferrin was detected in hepatocytes near interlobular veins.
25425657	9	48	theme	Tf-596Ab	1303:1310	arg1	signals					1292:1298	The staining signals	1279:1298	The staining signals of Tf-596Ab	1279:1310	The staining signals of Tf-596Ab were reduced by the addition of SSA, whereas those of Tf-120Ab were reduced only a little.
25425657	1	49	from	epitopes	217:224	arg1	transferrin					229:239	transferrin	229:239	transferrin	229:239	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	10	50	theme	epitope	1454:1460	arg1	proximity					1429:1437	proximity	1429:1437	proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites	1429:1481	This result suggests that proximity of the antigen epitope to SSA binding sites is critical for SSA inhibition in immunohistochemistry.
25425657	0	51	dep	In	0:1	arg1	situ					3:6	situ	3:6	situ	3:6	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	9	52	theme	SSA	1344:1346	arg1	addition					1332:1339	the addition	1328:1339	the addition of SSA	1328:1346	The staining signals of Tf-596Ab were reduced by the addition of SSA, whereas those of Tf-120Ab were reduced only a little.
25425657	6	53	gly	glycosylation	940:952	arg2	sites					955:959	SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	927:959	SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites	927:959	To examine the importance of proximity between antigen epitopes and SSA-binding (glycosylation) sites, we prepared two anti-peptide antibodies against partial amino acid sequences of transferrin.
25425657	0	54	gly	glycoform	27:35	arg1	transferrin					40:50	transferrin	40:50	transferrin	40:50	In situ visualization of a glycoform of transferrin: localization of α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	3	55	theme	anti-transferrin	485:500	arg1	antibody					513:520	anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody	485:520	anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody	485:520	Immunohistochemistry using anti-transferrin polyclonal antibody revealed that transferrin was detected in hepatocytes near interlobular veins.
25425657	1	56	theme	α2,6-sialylated	194:208	arg1	epitopes					217:224	α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes	194:224	α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin	194:239	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	5	57	theme	glycan	794:799	arg1	epitopes					801:808	glycan epitopes	794:808	glycan epitopes on the section	794:823	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	5	58	from	epitopes	801:808	arg1	section					817:823	the section	813:823	the section	813:823	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25425657	1	59	theme	glycan	210:215	arg1	epitopes					217:224	α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes	194:224	α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin	194:239	We previously found that a lectin, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA), bound to α2,6-sialylated glycan epitopes on transferrin and inhibited anti-transferrin antibody binding to the antigen in ELISA (SSA inhibition).
25425657	9	60	theme	staining	1283:1290	arg1	signals					1292:1298	The staining signals	1279:1298	The staining signals of Tf-596Ab	1279:1310	The staining signals of Tf-596Ab were reduced by the addition of SSA, whereas those of Tf-120Ab were reduced only a little.
25425657	2	61	gly	α2,6-sialylated	416:430	arg1	transferrin					432:442	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	416:442	α2,6-sialylated transferrin	416:442	Here we report that SSA inhibition is applicable to immunohistochemistry, localizing α2,6-sialylated transferrin in the liver.
25425657	5	62	theme	SSA	779:781	arg1	binding					783:789	SSA binding	779:789	SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section	779:823	Sialidase treatment of a liver section abolished SSA binding and concomitantly cancelled SSA inhibition, suggesting that SSA binding to glycan epitopes on the section was essential for the inhibition.
25358331	5	0	theme	proliferation	1150:1162	arg1	markers					1198:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	3	1	theme	osteochondral	554:566	arg1	regeneration					568:579	osteochondral regeneration	554:579	osteochondral regeneration	554:579	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	8	2	theme	osteochondral	1561:1573	arg1	regeneration					1575:1586	osteochondral regeneration	1561:1586	osteochondral regeneration	1561:1586	Our study demonstrated that the nHCA composite hydrogel holds promise in osteochondral regeneration.
25358331	0	3	theme	tissue	106:111	arg1	engineering					113:123	osteochondral tissue engineering	92:123	osteochondral tissue engineering	92:123	Evaluation of novel in situ synthesized nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate hydrogels for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	6	4	theme	composite	1314:1322	arg1	properties					1282:1291	the properties	1278:1291	the properties of the triple-phased composite	1278:1322	In addition, it was found that the synthesis process could also affect the properties of the triple-phased composite, compared to blend-mixing HCA.
25358331	10	5	theme	valuable	1724:1731	arg1	reference					1733:1741	a valuable reference	1722:1741	a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering	1722:1830	This study may provide a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	5	6	theme	upregulated	1168:1178	arg1	cartilage					1188:1196	upregulated hyaline cartilage	1168:1196	upregulated hyaline cartilage	1168:1196	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	6	7	theme	triple-phased	1300:1312	arg1	composite					1314:1322	the triple-phased composite	1296:1322	the triple-phased composite	1296:1322	In addition, it was found that the synthesis process could also affect the properties of the triple-phased composite, compared to blend-mixing HCA.
25358331	8	8	theme	nHCA	1520:1523	arg1	hydrogel					1535:1542	the nHCA composite hydrogel	1516:1542	the nHCA composite hydrogel	1516:1542	Our study demonstrated that the nHCA composite hydrogel holds promise in osteochondral regeneration.
25358331	10	9	theme	appropriate	1764:1774	arg1	scaffold					1786:1793	an appropriate composite scaffold	1761:1793	an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering	1761:1830	This study may provide a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	4	10	theme	alginate	787:794	arg1	addition					775:782	the addition	771:782	the addition of alginate and Ca(2+)	771:805	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	4	11	theme	reinforced	649:658	arg1	hydrogel					678:685	collagen-alginate hydrogel	660:685	nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA)	619:692	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	4	11	theme	reinforced	649:658	arg1	nHCA					688:691	nHCA	688:691	nHCA	688:691	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	5	12	theme	gels	974:977	arg1	composite					940:948	the triple-phased composite	922:948	the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels	922:977	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	12	theme	gels	974:977	arg1	gels					974:977	collagen-alginate-HA gels	953:977	collagen-alginate-HA gels	953:977	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	13	theme	cell	1122:1125	arg1	viability					1127:1135	higher cell viability	1115:1135	higher cell viability	1115:1135	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	4	14	theme	Ca	800:801	arg1	addition					775:782	the addition	771:782	the addition of alginate and Ca(2+)	771:805	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	4	15	theme	collagen	746:753	arg1	gel					755:757	collagen gel	746:757	collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+)	746:805	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	4	16	from	synthesis	722:730	arg1	gel					755:757	collagen gel	746:757	collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+)	746:805	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	5	17	theme	collagen-alginate-HA	953:972	arg1	gels					974:977	collagen-alginate-HA gels	953:977	collagen-alginate-HA gels	953:977	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	2	18	theme	polymer	389:395	arg1	matrix					397:402	the polymer matrix	385:402	the polymer matrix	385:402	Previous studies have shown that the addition of either polysaccharide or inorganic particles could reinforce the polymer matrix.
25358331	7	19	theme	enhanced	1440:1447	arg1	features					1460:1467	enhanced biological features	1440:1467	enhanced biological features	1440:1467	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	7	20	theme	biological	1449:1458	arg1	features					1460:1467	enhanced biological features	1440:1467	enhanced biological features	1440:1467	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	7	21	theme	nHCA	1379:1382	arg1	hydrogel					1384:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel	1355:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel	1355:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	4	22	theme	in	714:715	arg1	synthesis					722:730	the in situ synthesis	710:730	the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+)	710:805	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	3	23	from	effects	429:435	arg1	hydrogel					455:462	collagen-based hydrogel	440:462	collagen-based hydrogel	440:462	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	4	24	theme	collagen-alginate	660:676	arg1	hydrogel					678:685	collagen-alginate hydrogel	660:685	nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA)	619:692	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	4	24	theme	collagen-alginate	660:676	arg1	nHCA					688:691	nHCA	688:691	nHCA	688:691	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	1	25	theme	mechanical	199:208	arg1	properties					210:219	its mechanical properties	195:219	its mechanical properties	195:219	Collagen hydrogel has been widely used for osteochondral repair, but its mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of clinical application.
25358331	5	26	theme	triple-phased	826:838	arg1	hydrogel					845:852	triple-phased nHCA hydrogel	826:852	triple-phased nHCA hydrogel	826:852	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	27	theme	faster	1138:1143	arg1	proliferation					1150:1162	faster cell proliferation	1138:1162	faster cell proliferation	1138:1162	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	28	theme	biological	1032:1041	arg1	features					1043:1050	not only mechanical but also biological features	1003:1050	not only mechanical but also biological features	1003:1050	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	2	29	theme	particles	359:367	arg1	addition					312:319	the addition	308:319	the addition of either polysaccharide or inorganic particles	308:367	Previous studies have shown that the addition of either polysaccharide or inorganic particles could reinforce the polymer matrix.
25358331	5	30	theme	viability	1127:1135	arg1	markers					1198:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	9	31	theme	biological	1676:1685	arg1	properties					1687:1696	both mechanical and biological properties	1656:1696	both mechanical and biological properties	1656:1696	The addition of alginate and nano-HA contribute to the increase in both mechanical and biological properties.
25358331	1	32	theme	Collagen	126:133	arg1	hydrogel					135:142	Collagen hydrogel	126:142	Collagen hydrogel	126:142	Collagen hydrogel has been widely used for osteochondral repair, but its mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of clinical application.
25358331	5	33	theme	pure	885:888	arg1	collagen					890:897	pure collagen	885:897	pure collagen	885:897	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	1	34	used	used	160:163	arg2	hydrogel					135:142	Collagen hydrogel	126:142	Collagen hydrogel	126:142	Collagen hydrogel has been widely used for osteochondral repair, but its mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of clinical application.
25358331	5	35	theme	biphasic	903:910	arg1	gels					912:915	biphasic gels	903:915	biphasic gels	903:915	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	36	theme	hydrogel	845:852	arg1	properties					812:821	The properties	808:821	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel	808:852	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	37	theme	nHCA	840:843	arg1	hydrogel					845:852	triple-phased nHCA hydrogel	826:852	triple-phased nHCA hydrogel	826:852	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	38	theme	triple-phased	926:938	arg1	composite					940:948	the triple-phased composite	922:948	the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels	922:977	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	38	theme	triple-phased	926:938	arg1	gels					974:977	collagen-alginate-HA gels	953:977	collagen-alginate-HA gels	953:977	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	2	39	theme	inorganic	349:357	arg1	particles					359:367	either polysaccharide or inorganic particles	324:367	either polysaccharide or inorganic particles	324:367	Previous studies have shown that the addition of either polysaccharide or inorganic particles could reinforce the polymer matrix.
25358331	10	40	theme	scaffold	1786:1793	arg1	design					1751:1756	the design	1747:1756	the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering	1747:1830	This study may provide a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	5	41	theme	compressive	1094:1104	arg1	modulus					1106:1112	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus	1069:1112	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus	1069:1112	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	2	42	theme	polysaccharide	331:344	arg1	particles					359:367	either polysaccharide or inorganic particles	324:367	either polysaccharide or inorganic particles	324:367	Previous studies have shown that the addition of either polysaccharide or inorganic particles could reinforce the polymer matrix.
25358331	10	43	theme	tissue	1813:1818	arg1	engineering					1820:1830	osteochondral tissue engineering	1799:1830	osteochondral tissue engineering	1799:1830	This study may provide a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	4	44	theme	nano-HA	735:741	arg1	synthesis					722:730	the in situ synthesis	710:730	the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+)	710:805	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	6	45	located	found	1227:1231	arg2	it					1220:1221	it	1220:1221	it	1220:1221	In addition, it was found that the synthesis process could also affect the properties of the triple-phased composite, compared to blend-mixing HCA.
25358331	6	45	located	found	1227:1231	arg1	addition					1210:1217	addition	1210:1217	addition	1210:1217	In addition, it was found that the synthesis process could also affect the properties of the triple-phased composite, compared to blend-mixing HCA.
25358331	5	46	theme	modulus	1106:1112	arg1	markers					1198:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	2	47	theme	Previous	275:282	arg1	studies					284:290	Previous studies	275:290	Previous studies	275:290	Previous studies have shown that the addition of either polysaccharide or inorganic particles could reinforce the polymer matrix.
25358331	9	48	from	increase	1644:1651	arg1	properties					1687:1696	both mechanical and biological properties	1656:1696	both mechanical and biological properties	1656:1696	The addition of alginate and nano-HA contribute to the increase in both mechanical and biological properties.
25358331	0	49	theme	novel	14:18	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of novel in situ	0:26	Evaluation of novel in situ synthesized nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate hydrogels for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	5	50	theme	hyaline	1180:1186	arg1	cartilage					1188:1196	upregulated hyaline cartilage	1168:1196	upregulated hyaline cartilage	1168:1196	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	7	51	theme	in	1359:1360	arg1	hydrogel					1384:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel	1355:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel	1355:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	7	52	theme	tensile	1412:1418	arg1	modulus					1420:1426	an enhanced tensile modulus	1400:1426	an enhanced tensile modulus	1400:1426	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	3	53	theme	potential	498:506	arg1	application					508:518	the potential application	494:518	the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration	494:579	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	3	54	theme	collagen-based	440:453	arg1	hydrogel					455:462	collagen-based hydrogel	440:462	collagen-based hydrogel	440:462	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	5	55	theme	cartilage	1188:1196	arg1	markers					1198:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers	1069:1204	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	56	theme	higher	1115:1120	arg1	viability					1127:1135	higher cell viability	1115:1135	higher cell viability	1115:1135	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	7	57	theme	enhanced	1403:1410	arg1	modulus					1420:1426	an enhanced tensile modulus	1400:1426	an enhanced tensile modulus	1400:1426	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	3	58	theme	gel	547:549	arg1	application					508:518	the potential application	494:518	the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration	494:579	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	0	59	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate	40:76	arg1	hydrogels					78:86	nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate hydrogels	40:86	nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate hydrogels for osteochondral tissue engineering	40:123	Evaluation of novel in situ synthesized nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate hydrogels for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	6	60	theme	blend-mixing	1337:1348	arg1	HCA					1350:1352	blend-mixing HCA	1337:1352	blend-mixing HCA	1337:1352	In addition, it was found that the synthesis process could also affect the properties of the triple-phased composite, compared to blend-mixing HCA.
25358331	6	61	theme	synthesis	1242:1250	arg1	process					1252:1258	the synthesis process	1238:1258	the synthesis process	1238:1258	In addition, it was found that the synthesis process could also affect the properties of the triple-phased composite, compared to blend-mixing HCA.
25358331	3	62	from	application	508:518	arg1	regeneration					568:579	osteochondral regeneration	554:579	osteochondral regeneration	554:579	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	9	63	theme	nano-HA	1618:1624	arg1	addition					1593:1600	The addition	1589:1600	The addition of alginate and nano-HA	1589:1624	The addition of alginate and nano-HA contribute to the increase in both mechanical and biological properties.
25358331	9	64	theme	alginate	1605:1612	arg1	addition					1593:1600	The addition	1589:1600	The addition of alginate and nano-HA	1589:1624	The addition of alginate and nano-HA contribute to the increase in both mechanical and biological properties.
25358331	5	65	theme	enhanced	1073:1080	arg1	modulus					1106:1112	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus	1069:1112	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus	1069:1112	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	9	66	theme	mechanical	1661:1670	arg1	properties					1687:1696	both mechanical and biological properties	1656:1696	both mechanical and biological properties	1656:1696	The addition of alginate and nano-HA contribute to the increase in both mechanical and biological properties.
25358331	3	67	theme	triple-phased	523:535	arg1	gel					547:549	triple-phased composite gel	523:549	triple-phased composite gel	523:549	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	5	68	from	superiority	988:998	arg1	features					1043:1050	not only mechanical but also biological features	1003:1050	not only mechanical but also biological features	1003:1050	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	1	69	theme	clinical	253:260	arg1	application					262:272	clinical application	253:272	clinical application	253:272	Collagen hydrogel has been widely used for osteochondral repair, but its mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of clinical application.
25358331	5	70	theme	mechanical	1012:1021	arg1	features					1043:1050	not only mechanical but also biological features	1003:1050	not only mechanical but also biological features	1003:1050	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	5	71	theme	tensile	1082:1088	arg1	modulus					1106:1112	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus	1069:1112	the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus	1069:1112	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	8	72	theme	composite	1525:1533	arg1	hydrogel					1535:1542	the nHCA composite hydrogel	1516:1542	the nHCA composite hydrogel	1516:1542	Our study demonstrated that the nHCA composite hydrogel holds promise in osteochondral regeneration.
25358331	3	73	theme	composite	537:545	arg1	gel					547:549	triple-phased composite gel	523:549	triple-phased composite gel	523:549	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	1	74	theme	application	262:272	arg1	requirements					237:248	the requirements	233:248	the requirements of clinical application	233:272	Collagen hydrogel has been widely used for osteochondral repair, but its mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of clinical application.
25358331	0	75	theme	osteochondral	92:104	arg1	engineering					113:123	osteochondral tissue engineering	92:123	osteochondral tissue engineering	92:123	Evaluation of novel in situ synthesized nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate hydrogels for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	4	76	dep	in	714:715	arg1	situ					717:720	situ	717:720	situ	717:720	In this study, nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) reinforced collagen-alginate hydrogel (nHCA) was prepared by the in situ synthesis of nano-HA in collagen gel followed by the addition of alginate and Ca(2+).
25358331	1	77	theme	osteochondral	169:181	arg1	repair					183:188	osteochondral repair	169:188	osteochondral repair	169:188	Collagen hydrogel has been widely used for osteochondral repair, but its mechanical properties cannot meet the requirements of clinical application.
25358331	7	78	theme	situ-synthesized	1362:1377	arg1	hydrogel					1384:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel	1355:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel	1355:1391	The in situ-synthesized nHCA hydrogel showed an enhanced tensile modulus, as well as enhanced biological features compared with HCA.
25358331	5	79	theme	cell	1145:1148	arg1	proliferation					1150:1162	faster cell proliferation	1138:1162	faster cell proliferation	1138:1162	The properties of triple-phased nHCA hydrogel were studied and compared with pure collagen and biphasic gels, and the triple-phased composite of collagen-alginate-HA gels showed a superiority in not only mechanical but also biological features, as evidenced by the enhanced tensile and compressive modulus, higher cell viability, faster cell proliferation and upregulated hyaline cartilage markers.
25358331	3	80	theme	synergic	420:427	arg1	effects					429:435	their synergic effects	414:435	their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel	414:462	However, their synergic effects on collagen-based hydrogel have seldom been studied, and the potential application of triple-phased composite gel in osteochondral regeneration has not been reported.
25358331	10	81	theme	osteochondral	1799:1811	arg1	engineering					1820:1830	osteochondral tissue engineering	1799:1830	osteochondral tissue engineering	1799:1830	This study may provide a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering.
25358331	10	82	theme	composite	1776:1784	arg1	scaffold					1786:1793	an appropriate composite scaffold	1761:1793	an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering	1761:1830	This study may provide a valuable reference for the design of an appropriate composite scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering.
26048833	5	0	theme	constructed	785:795	arg1	sensor					797:802	the constructed sensor	781:802	the constructed sensor	781:802	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	4	1	theme	composite	720:728	arg1	film					730:733	the composite film	716:733	the composite film	716:733	The electrochemical signal was obtained and improved by comparing the composite film with chitosan film.
26048833	2	2	used	used	379:382	arg2	platform					389:396	a platform	387:396	a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition	387:464	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	2	2	used	used	379:382	arg2	film					335:338	The composite film	321:338	The composite film	321:338	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	3	3	theme	antibody	563:570	arg1	solution					578:585	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	1	4	theme	modified	287:294	arg1	electrode					310:318	modified glassy carbon electrode	287:318	modified glassy carbon electrode	287:318	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	3	5	dep	suspension	498:507	arg1	solution					578:585	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	1	6	theme	glassy	296:301	arg1	electrode					310:318	modified glassy carbon electrode	287:318	modified glassy carbon electrode	287:318	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	6	7	theme	contaminations	1104:1117	arg1	diagnosis					1080:1088	the clinical diagnosis	1067:1088	the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations	1067:1117	Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
26048833	3	8	theme	conjugated	542:551	arg1	solution					578:585	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	3	9	theme	secondary	553:561	arg1	antibody					563:570	secondary antibody	553:570	conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution	542:585	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	3	9	theme	secondary	553:561	arg1	Ab2					573:575	Ab2	573:575	Ab2	573:575	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	1	10	theme	high	208:211	arg1	GNPs					241:244	GNPs	241:244	GNPs	241:244	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	1	10	theme	high	208:211	arg1	nanoparticles					226:238	high density gold nanoparticles	208:238	high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode	208:318	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	0	11	theme	electrochemical	10:24	arg1	detection					26:34	Sensitive electrochemical detection	0:34	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold	0:67	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold nanoparticles composite film.
26048833	5	12	dep	provides	804:811	arg1	S/N=3:1					930:936	S/N=3:1	930:936	S/N=3:1	930:936	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	1	13	theme	ultrasensitive	102:115	arg1	immunosensor					133:144	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor	99:144	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella	99:172	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	1	14	theme	density	213:219	arg1	GNPs					241:244	GNPs	241:244	GNPs	241:244	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	1	14	theme	density	213:219	arg1	nanoparticles					226:238	high density gold nanoparticles	208:238	high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode	208:318	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	0	15	theme	Sensitive	0:8	arg1	detection					26:34	Sensitive electrochemical detection	0:34	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold	0:67	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold nanoparticles composite film.
26048833	1	16	theme	carbon	303:308	arg1	electrode					310:318	modified glassy carbon electrode	287:318	modified glassy carbon electrode	287:318	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	1	17	theme	electrochemical	117:131	arg1	immunosensor					133:144	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor	99:144	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella	99:172	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	1	18	theme	gold	221:224	arg1	GNPs					241:244	GNPs	241:244	GNPs	241:244	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	1	18	theme	gold	221:224	arg1	nanoparticles					226:238	high density gold nanoparticles	208:238	high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode	208:318	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	5	19	theme	signal	913:918	arg1	ratio					904:908	the ratio	900:908	the ratio of signal to noise	900:927	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	4	20	theme	electrochemical	654:668	arg1	signal					670:675	The electrochemical signal	650:675	The electrochemical signal	650:675	The electrochemical signal was obtained and improved by comparing the composite film with chitosan film.
26048833	2	21	theme	composite	325:333	arg1	film					335:338	The composite film	321:338	The composite film	321:338	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	2	21	theme	composite	325:333	arg1	platform					389:396	a platform	387:396	a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition	387:464	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	2	22	theme	antibody	432:439	arg1	immobilization					406:419	the immobilization	402:419	the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition	402:464	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	6	23	theme	clinical	1071:1078	arg1	diagnosis					1080:1088	the clinical diagnosis	1067:1088	the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations	1067:1117	Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
26048833	3	24	theme	horseradish	513:523	arg1	HRP					537:539	HRP	537:539	HRP	537:539	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	3	24	theme	horseradish	513:523	arg1	peroxidase					525:534	horseradish peroxidase	513:534	horseradish peroxidase (HRP)	513:540	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	6	25	theme	Salmonella	1093:1102	arg1	contaminations					1104:1117	Salmonella contaminations	1093:1117	Salmonella contaminations	1093:1117	Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
26048833	3	26	theme	electrochemical	599:613	arg1	immunosensor					615:626	a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor	588:626	a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor	588:626	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	5	27	theme	low	864:866	arg1	limit					878:882	a low detection limit	862:882	a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL	862:894	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	2	28	theme	capture	424:430	arg1	Ab1					442:444	Ab1	442:444	Ab1	442:444	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	2	28	theme	capture	424:430	arg1	antibody					432:439	capture antibody	424:439	capture antibody (Ab1)	424:445	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	0	29	theme	Salmonella	39:48	arg1	detection					26:34	Sensitive electrochemical detection	0:34	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold	0:67	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold nanoparticles composite film.
26048833	6	30	theme	good	996:999	arg1	selectivity					1001:1011	good selectivity	996:1011	good selectivity	996:1011	Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
26048833	5	31	theme	wide	815:818	arg1	range					827:831	a wide linear range	813:831	a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL	813:855	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	5	32	dep	CFU/mL	850:855	arg1	to					841:842	to	841:842	to	841:842	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	0	33	with	detection	26:34	arg1	chitosan-gold					55:67	chitosan-gold	55:67	chitosan-gold	55:67	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold nanoparticles composite film.
26048833	5	34	theme	CFU/mL	889:894	arg1	limit					878:882	a low detection limit	862:882	a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL	862:894	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	5	35	theme	linear	820:825	arg1	range					827:831	a wide linear range	813:831	a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL	813:855	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	3	36	theme	sandwich	590:597	arg1	immunosensor					615:626	a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor	588:626	a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor	588:626	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	3	37	from	incubation	473:482	arg1	HRP					537:539	HRP	537:539	HRP	537:539	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	3	37	from	incubation	473:482	arg1	suspension					498:507	Salmonella suspension	487:507	Salmonella suspension	487:507	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	3	37	from	incubation	473:482	arg1	peroxidase					525:534	horseradish peroxidase	513:534	horseradish peroxidase (HRP)	513:540	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	2	38	theme	NaCl	361:364	arg1	solution					366:373	NaCl solution	361:373	NaCl solution	361:373	The composite film has been oxidized in NaCl solution and used as a platform for the immobilization of capture antibody (Ab1) for biorecognition.
26048833	1	39	theme	Salmonella	163:172	arg1	detection					150:158	detection	150:158	detection of Salmonella	150:172	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
26048833	3	40	theme	Salmonella	487:496	arg1	suspension					498:507	Salmonella suspension	487:507	Salmonella suspension	487:507	After incubation in Salmonella suspension and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibody (Ab2) solution, a sandwich electrochemical immunosensor has been constructed.
26048833	6	41	from	potential	1054:1062	arg1	diagnosis					1080:1088	the clinical diagnosis	1067:1088	the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations	1067:1117	Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
26048833	5	42	theme	detection	868:876	arg1	limit					878:882	a low detection limit	862:882	a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL	862:894	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	0	43	theme	composite	83:91	arg1	film					93:96	composite film	83:96	composite film	83:96	Sensitive electrochemical detection of Salmonella with chitosan-gold nanoparticles composite film.
26048833	6	44	theme	proposed	957:964	arg1	immunosensor					966:977	the proposed immunosensor	953:977	the proposed immunosensor	953:977	Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor has demonstrated good selectivity and reproducibility, which indicates its potential in the clinical diagnosis of Salmonella contaminations.
26048833	5	45	from	CFU/mL	850:855	arg1	range					827:831	a wide linear range	813:831	a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL	813:855	The result has shown that the constructed sensor provides a wide linear range from 10 to 10(5) CFU/mL with a low detection limit of 5 CFU/mL (at the ratio of signal to noise, S/N=3:1).
26048833	1	46	theme	chitosan	265:272	arg1	hydrogel					274:281	chitosan hydrogel	265:281	chitosan hydrogel	265:281	An ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detection of Salmonella has been developed based on using high density gold nanoparticles (GNPs) well dispersed in chitosan hydrogel and modified glassy carbon electrode.
27506124	2	0	theme	microscopy	446:455	arg1	charge					406:411	The zero point charge	391:411	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	391:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	7	1	theme	Desorption	1074:1083	arg1	tests					1085:1089	Desorption tests	1074:1089	Desorption tests	1074:1089	Desorption tests showed that the removal efficiency of MB decreased from 95 to 89.7% after six regeneration cycles for (A-OAB).
27506124	8	2	used	utilized	1228:1235	arg2	A-OAB					1214:1218	A-OAB	1214:1218	(A-OAB)	1213:1219	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	8	2	used	utilized	1228:1235	arg2	adsorbent					1254:1262	adsorbent	1254:1262	adsorbent	1254:1262	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	2	3	theme	electron	437:444	arg1	SEM					458:460	SEM	458:460	SEM	458:460	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	2	3	theme	electron	437:444	arg1	microscopy					446:455	Scanning electron microscopy	428:455	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	428:461	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	7	4	theme	removal	1107:1113	arg1	efficiency					1115:1124	the removal efficiency	1103:1124	the removal efficiency of MB	1103:1130	Desorption tests showed that the removal efficiency of MB decreased from 95 to 89.7% after six regeneration cycles for (A-OAB).
27506124	1	5	theme	calcium	227:233	arg1	A-OAB					292:296	A-OAB	292:296	A-OAB	292:296	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	5	theme	calcium	227:233	arg1	beads					285:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads	227:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB)	227:297	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	2	6	theme	transformed	475:485	arg1	FTIR					510:513	FTIR	510:513	FTIR	510:513	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	2	6	theme	transformed	475:485	arg1	spectroscopy					496:507	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy	467:507	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	467:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	8	7	theme	waste	1316:1320	arg1	water					1322:1326	the contaminated waste water	1299:1326	the contaminated waste water	1299:1326	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	1	8	theme	alginate/acid-activated	235:257	arg1	A-OAB					292:296	A-OAB	292:296	A-OAB	292:296	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	8	theme	alginate/acid-activated	235:257	arg1	beads					285:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads	227:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB)	227:297	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	2	9	theme	Fourier	467:473	arg1	FTIR					510:513	FTIR	510:513	FTIR	510:513	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	2	9	theme	Fourier	467:473	arg1	spectroscopy					496:507	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy	467:507	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	467:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	3	10	theme	initial	613:619	arg1	20-500mg/L					636:645	20-500mg/L	636:645	20-500mg/L	636:645	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	3	10	theme	initial	613:619	arg1	concentration					621:633	initial concentration	613:633	initial concentration (20-500mg/L)	613:646	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	5	11	theme	OAB	871:873	arg1	capacities					856:865	the maximum adsorption capacities	833:865	the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB	833:916	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	5	11	theme	OAB	871:873	arg1	263.80					923:928	263.80	923:928	263.80	923:928	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	1	12	theme	organobentonite	259:273	arg1	A-OAB					292:296	A-OAB	292:296	A-OAB	292:296	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	12	theme	organobentonite	259:273	arg1	beads					285:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads	227:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB)	227:297	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	13	from	solutions	364:372	arg1	removal					333:339	the removal	329:339	the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system	329:388	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	13	from	solutions	364:372	arg1	system					383:388	batch system	377:388	batch system	377:388	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	14	theme	methylene	344:352	arg1	removal					333:339	the removal	329:339	the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system	329:388	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	4	15	theme	pseudo-second-order	731:749	arg1	model					759:763	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	727:763	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	727:763	The adsorption processes fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and both models Langmuir and Chapman isotherms.
27506124	8	16	theme	dyes	1289:1292	arg1	removal					1272:1278	the removal	1268:1278	the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water	1268:1326	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	1	17	theme	blue	354:357	arg1	methylene					344:352	methylene blue	344:357	methylene blue	344:357	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	0	18	theme	Enhanced	0:7	arg1	removal					9:15	Enhanced removal	0:15	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium	0:42	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	1	19	theme	acid-activated	164:177	arg1	organobentonite					179:193	acid-activated organobentonite	164:193	acid-activated organobentonite (OAB)	164:199	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	19	theme	acid-activated	164:177	arg1	OAB					196:198	OAB	196:198	OAB	196:198	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	8	20	from	water	1322:1326	arg1	removal					1272:1278	the removal	1268:1278	the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water	1268:1326	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	5	21	theme	maximum	837:843	arg1	capacities					856:865	the maximum adsorption capacities	833:865	the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB	833:916	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	5	21	theme	maximum	837:843	arg1	263.80					923:928	263.80	923:928	263.80	923:928	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	3	22	theme	concentration	621:633	arg1	effects					547:553	The effects	543:553	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time	543:664	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	2	23	theme	pH	416:417	arg1	charge					406:411	The zero point charge	391:411	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	391:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	1	24	theme	composite	275:283	arg1	A-OAB					292:296	A-OAB	292:296	A-OAB	292:296	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	24	theme	composite	275:283	arg1	beads					285:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads	227:289	calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB)	227:297	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	4	25	theme	kinetic	751:757	arg1	model					759:763	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	727:763	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	727:763	The adsorption processes fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and both models Langmuir and Chapman isotherms.
27506124	5	26	theme	adsorption	845:854	arg1	capacities					856:865	the maximum adsorption capacities	833:865	the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB	833:916	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	5	26	theme	adsorption	845:854	arg1	263.80					923:928	263.80	923:928	263.80	923:928	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	7	27	theme	regeneration	1169:1180	arg1	cycles					1182:1187	six regeneration cycles	1165:1187	six regeneration cycles for (A-OAB)	1165:1199	Desorption tests showed that the removal efficiency of MB decreased from 95 to 89.7% after six regeneration cycles for (A-OAB).
27506124	0	28	theme	cationic	20:27	arg1	dye					29:31	cationic dye	20:31	cationic dye	20:31	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	6	29	theme	adsorption	1054:1063	arg1	process					1065:1071	the overall adsorption process	1042:1071	the overall adsorption process	1042:1071	Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process.
27506124	2	30	theme	point	400:404	arg1	charge					406:411	The zero point charge	391:411	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	391:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	6	31	theme	spontaneous	1004:1014	arg1	nature					1032:1037	spontaneous and endothermic nature	1004:1037	spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process	1004:1071	Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process.
27506124	0	32	dep	beads	69:73	arg1	equilibriums					96:107	equilibriums	96:107	equilibriums	96:107	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	0	32	dep	beads	69:73	arg1	beads					69:73	beads	69:73	beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies	69:146	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	0	32	dep	beads	69:73	arg1	Modeling					76:83	Modeling	76:83	Modeling	76:83	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	0	32	dep	beads	69:73	arg1	thermodynamic					110:122	thermodynamic	110:122	thermodynamic	110:122	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	0	32	dep	beads	69:73	arg1	studies					140:146	reusability studies	128:146	reusability studies	128:146	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	0	32	dep	beads	69:73	arg1	kinetics					86:93	kinetics	86:93	kinetics	86:93	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	3	33	dep	pH	558:559	arg1	solution					561:568	solution (2-11)	561:575	solution (2-11)	561:575	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	2	34	theme	Scanning	428:435	arg1	SEM					458:460	SEM	458:460	SEM	458:460	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	2	34	theme	Scanning	428:435	arg1	microscopy					446:455	Scanning electron microscopy	428:455	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	428:461	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	2	35	theme	spectroscopy	496:507	arg1	analysis					516:523	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	467:523	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	467:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	3	36	theme	temperature	578:588	arg1	effects					547:553	The effects	543:553	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time	543:664	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	6	37	theme	overall	1046:1052	arg1	process					1065:1071	the overall adsorption process	1042:1071	the overall adsorption process	1042:1071	Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process.
27506124	0	38	theme	dye	29:31	arg1	removal					9:15	Enhanced removal	0:15	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium	0:42	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	3	39	theme	time	661:664	arg1	effects					547:553	The effects	543:553	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time	543:664	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	0	40	theme	reusability	128:138	arg1	studies					140:146	reusability studies	128:146	reusability studies	128:146	Enhanced removal of cationic dye by calcium alginate/organobentonite beads: Modeling, kinetics, equilibriums, thermodynamic and reusability studies.
27506124	1	41	theme	batch	377:381	arg1	system					383:388	batch system	377:388	batch system	377:388	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	42	theme	calcium	202:208	arg1	A					220:220	A	220:220	A	220:220	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	1	42	theme	calcium	202:208	arg1	alginate					210:217	calcium alginate	202:217	calcium alginate (A)	202:221	In this study, acid-activated organobentonite (OAB), calcium alginate (A) and calcium alginate/acid-activated organobentonite composite beads (A-OAB) were prepared and applied for the removal of methylene blue from solutions in batch system.
27506124	4	43	theme	Chapman	794:800	arg1	isotherms					802:810	Chapman isotherms	794:810	Chapman isotherms	794:810	The adsorption processes fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and both models Langmuir and Chapman isotherms.
27506124	5	44	from	25°C	955:958	arg1	capacities					856:865	the maximum adsorption capacities	833:865	the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB	833:916	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	5	44	from	25°C	955:958	arg1	263.80					923:928	263.80	923:928	263.80	923:928	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	6	45	theme	Thermodynamic	975:987	arg1	studies					989:995	Thermodynamic studies	975:995	Thermodynamic studies	975:995	Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process.
27506124	2	46	theme	infrared	487:494	arg1	FTIR					510:513	FTIR	510:513	FTIR	510:513	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	2	46	theme	infrared	487:494	arg1	spectroscopy					496:507	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy	467:507	Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	467:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	8	47	theme	basic	1283:1287	arg1	dyes					1289:1292	basic dyes	1283:1292	basic dyes	1283:1292	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	4	48	dep	models	774:779	arg1	isotherms					802:810	Chapman isotherms	794:810	Chapman isotherms	794:810	The adsorption processes fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and both models Langmuir and Chapman isotherms.
27506124	4	48	dep	models	774:779	arg1	Langmuir					781:788	Langmuir	781:788	Langmuir	781:788	The adsorption processes fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and both models Langmuir and Chapman isotherms.
27506124	3	49	theme	contact	653:659	arg1	time					661:664	contact time	653:664	contact time	653:664	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	2	50	theme	analysis	516:523	arg1	charge					406:411	The zero point charge	391:411	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis	391:523	The zero point charge of pH (pHpzc), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were carried out.
27506124	7	51	theme	MB	1129:1130	arg1	efficiency					1115:1124	the removal efficiency	1103:1124	the removal efficiency of MB	1103:1130	Desorption tests showed that the removal efficiency of MB decreased from 95 to 89.7% after six regeneration cycles for (A-OAB).
27506124	6	52	theme	endothermic	1020:1030	arg1	nature					1032:1037	spontaneous and endothermic nature	1004:1037	spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process	1004:1071	Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process.
27506124	6	53	theme	process	1065:1071	arg1	nature					1032:1037	spontaneous and endothermic nature	1004:1037	spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process	1004:1071	Thermodynamic studies showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the overall adsorption process.
27506124	5	54	theme	MB	915:916	arg1	adsorption					901:910	the adsorption	897:910	the adsorption of MB	897:916	Results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of (OAB), (A) and (A-OAB) for the adsorption of MB were 263.80, 483.6 and 799.43mg/g at 25°C, respectively.
27506124	4	55	theme	adsorption	689:698	arg1	processes					700:708	The adsorption processes	685:708	The adsorption processes	685:708	The adsorption processes fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and both models Langmuir and Chapman isotherms.
27506124	8	56	theme	contaminated	1303:1314	arg1	water					1322:1326	the contaminated waste water	1299:1326	the contaminated waste water	1299:1326	From this, (A-OAB) can be utilized as an economical adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from the contaminated waste water.
27506124	3	57	theme	pH	558:559	arg1	effects					547:553	The effects	543:553	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time	543:664	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	7	58	dep	%	1157:1157	arg1	to					1150:1151	to	1150:1151	to	1150:1151	Desorption tests showed that the removal efficiency of MB decreased from 95 to 89.7% after six regeneration cycles for (A-OAB).
27506124	3	59	dep	temperature	578:588	arg1	45°C					606:609	45°C	606:609	45°C	606:609	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27506124	3	59	dep	temperature	578:588	arg1	35					599:600	35	599:600	35	599:600	The effects of pH solution (2-11), temperature (15, 25, 35 and 45°C), initial concentration (20-500mg/L), and contact time were investigated.
27011164	3	0	theme	Porphyromonas	666:678	arg1	LPS					727:729	LPS	727:729	LPS	727:729	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	0	theme	Porphyromonas	666:678	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					707:724	Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide	666:724	Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	666:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	0	theme	Porphyromonas	666:678	arg1	gingivalis					695:704	P. gingivalis	692:704	P. gingivalis	692:704	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	6	1	theme	ER	1247:1248	arg1	eIF2α					1312:1316	eIF2α	1312:1316	eIF2α	1312:1316	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	1	theme	ER	1247:1248	arg1	molecules					1264:1272	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	1	theme	ER	1247:1248	arg1	GRP78/Bip					1319:1327	GRP78/Bip	1319:1327	GRP78/Bip	1319:1327	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	1	theme	ER	1247:1248	arg1	protein					1351:1357	C/EBP homologous protein	1334:1357	C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)	1334:1364	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	3	2	theme	protein	534:540	arg1	role					503:506	the role	499:506	the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	499:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	3	theme	CCAAT/enhancer-binding	511:532	arg1	protein					534:540	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β	511:542	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β)	511:552	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	3	theme	CCAAT/enhancer-binding	511:532	arg1	C/EBP					545:549	C/EBP β	545:551	C/EBP β	545:551	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	3	theme	CCAAT/enhancer-binding	511:532	arg1	member					557:562	a member	555:562	a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors	555:607	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	1	4	theme	systemic	300:307	arg1	health					309:314	systemic health	300:314	systemic health	300:314	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	8	5	theme	C/EBP	1597:1601	arg1	β					1603:1603	C/EBP β	1597:1603	C/EBP β	1597:1603	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	6	6	theme	endoplasmic	1139:1149	arg1	ER					1162:1163	ER	1162:1163	ER	1162:1163	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	6	theme	endoplasmic	1139:1149	arg1	reticulum					1151:1159	endoplasmic reticulum	1139:1159	endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress	1139:1171	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	7	dep	molecules	1264:1272	arg1	kinase					1297:1302	protein kinase-like ER kinase	1274:1302	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	7	dep	molecules	1264:1272	arg1	PERK					1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	7	8	theme	inhibitor	1381:1389	arg1	salubrinal					1391:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal	1367:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal	1367:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	10	9	theme	β	1981:1981	arg1	expression					1983:1992	C/EBP β expression	1975:1992	C/EBP β expression	1975:1992	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	3	10	from	role	503:506	arg1	cells					640:644	human periodontal ligament cells	613:644	human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	613:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	10	from	role	503:506	arg1	hPDLCs					647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	2	11	theme	oral	342:345	arg1	microbiota					347:356	oral microbiota	342:356	oral microbiota	342:356	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	10	12	theme	regulatory	1836:1845	arg1	role					1847:1850	a regulatory role	1834:1850	a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs	1834:1932	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	0	13	theme	Periodontal	139:149	arg1	Cells					160:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	11	14	theme	human	2030:2034	arg1	pathology					2050:2058	human periodontitis pathology	2030:2058	human periodontitis pathology	2030:2058	This enhances our understanding of human periodontitis pathology.
27011164	6	15	theme	ER	1294:1295	arg1	kinase					1297:1302	protein kinase-like ER kinase	1274:1302	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	15	theme	ER	1294:1295	arg1	PERK					1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	3	16	theme	transcription	587:599	arg1	factors					601:607	transcription factors	587:607	transcription factors	587:607	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	9	17	theme	β	1634:1634	arg1	Blocking					1616:1623	Blocking	1616:1623	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA	1616:1643	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	0	18	from	Response	69:76	arg1	Cells					160:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	10	19	theme	inflammatory	1859:1870	arg1	response					1872:1879	the inflammatory response	1855:1879	the inflammatory response	1855:1879	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	6	20	theme	protein	1274:1280	arg1	kinase					1297:1302	protein kinase-like ER kinase	1274:1302	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	20	theme	protein	1274:1280	arg1	PERK					1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	3	21	theme	family	577:582	arg1	member					557:562	a member	555:562	a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors	555:607	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	21	theme	family	577:582	arg1	protein					534:540	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β	511:542	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β)	511:552	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	6	22	theme	marker	1257:1262	arg1	eIF2α					1312:1316	eIF2α	1312:1316	eIF2α	1312:1316	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	22	theme	marker	1257:1262	arg1	molecules					1264:1272	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	22	theme	marker	1257:1262	arg1	GRP78/Bip					1319:1327	GRP78/Bip	1319:1327	GRP78/Bip	1319:1327	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	22	theme	marker	1257:1262	arg1	protein					1351:1357	C/EBP homologous protein	1334:1357	C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)	1334:1364	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	5	23	theme	metalloproteinases	1044:1061	arg1	expression					973:982	the expression	969:982	the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS	969:1105	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	3	24	theme	human	613:617	arg1	cells					640:644	human periodontal ligament cells	613:644	human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	613:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	24	theme	human	613:617	arg1	hPDLCs					647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	5	25	theme	recombinant	908:918	arg1	vector					931:936	the recombinant adenoviral vector	904:936	the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	904:948	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	0	26	from	Degradation	103:113	arg1	Cells					160:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	10	27	theme	matrix	1899:1904	arg1	degradation					1912:1922	extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation	1885:1922	extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation	1885:1922	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	9	28	theme	significant	1659:1669	arg1	decrease					1671:1678	a significant decrease	1657:1678	a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1657:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	0	29	theme	Extracellular	82:94	arg1	Degradation					103:113	Extracellular Matrix Degradation	82:113	Extracellular Matrix Degradation	82:113	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	1	30	theme	oral	187:190	arg1	disease					205:211	an oral inflammatory disease	184:211	an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health	184:314	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	1	30	theme	oral	187:190	arg1	Periodontitis					167:179	Periodontitis	167:179	Periodontitis	167:179	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	4	31	theme	Western	744:750	arg1	analysis					761:768	Western blotting analysis	744:768	Western blotting analysis	744:768	RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of C/EBP β was significantly increased in hPDLCs stimulated with LPS stimuli.
27011164	6	32	theme	reticulum	1151:1159	arg1	stress					1166:1171	endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress	1139:1171	endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress	1139:1171	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	7	33	theme	MMP-8	1477:1481	arg1	production					1451:1460	the production	1447:1460	the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs	1447:1502	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	0	34	theme	LPS-Stimulated	118:131	arg1	Cells					160:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	9	35	theme	IL-6	1700:1703	arg1	secretion					1687:1695	the secretion	1683:1695	the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1683:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	0	36	theme	C/EBP	0:4	arg1	β					6:6	C/EBP β	0:6	C/EBP β	0:6	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	5	37	theme	vector	931:936	arg1	β					948:948	the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	904:948	the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	904:948	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	9	38	theme	IL-8	1709:1712	arg1	secretion					1687:1695	the secretion	1683:1695	the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1683:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	4	39	theme	C/EBP	800:804	arg1	β					806:806	C/EBP β	800:806	C/EBP β	800:806	RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of C/EBP β was significantly increased in hPDLCs stimulated with LPS stimuli.
27011164	2	40	theme	potential	427:435	arg1	mechanism					437:445	the potential mechanism	423:445	the potential mechanism	423:445	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	0	41	theme	Reticulum	29:37	arg1	Response					69:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	9	42	theme	MMP-8	1732:1736	arg1	decrease					1671:1678	a significant decrease	1657:1678	a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1657:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	9	42	theme	MMP-8	1732:1736	arg1	expression					1718:1727	expression	1718:1727	expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs	1718:1789	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	3	43	theme	ligament	631:638	arg1	cells					640:644	human periodontal ligament cells	613:644	human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	613:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	43	theme	ligament	631:638	arg1	hPDLCs					647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	0	44	theme	Regulated	46:54	arg1	Response					69:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	9	45	theme	MMP-9	1742:1746	arg1	decrease					1671:1678	a significant decrease	1657:1678	a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1657:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	9	45	theme	MMP-9	1742:1746	arg1	expression					1718:1727	expression	1718:1727	expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs	1718:1789	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	1	46	theme	tooth-supporting	258:273	arg1	tissues					275:281	local tooth-supporting tissues	252:281	local tooth-supporting tissues	252:281	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	7	47	theme	inducer	1417:1423	arg1	tunicamycin					1425:1435	inducer tunicamycin	1417:1435	inducer tunicamycin	1417:1435	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	5	48	theme	cytokines	1008:1016	arg1	expression					973:982	the expression	969:982	the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS	969:1105	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	10	49	theme	C/EBP	1975:1979	arg1	expression					1983:1992	C/EBP β expression	1975:1992	C/EBP β expression	1975:1992	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	8	50	theme	ER	1519:1520	arg1	tunicamycin					1537:1547	ER stress inducer tunicamycin	1519:1547	ER stress inducer tunicamycin	1519:1547	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	3	51	theme	P.	692:693	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					707:724	Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide	666:724	Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	666:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	51	theme	P.	692:693	arg1	gingivalis					695:704	P. gingivalis	692:704	P. gingivalis	692:704	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	6	52	theme	stress	1250:1255	arg1	eIF2α					1312:1316	eIF2α	1312:1316	eIF2α	1312:1316	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	52	theme	stress	1250:1255	arg1	molecules					1264:1272	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	52	theme	stress	1250:1255	arg1	GRP78/Bip					1319:1327	GRP78/Bip	1319:1327	GRP78/Bip	1319:1327	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	52	theme	stress	1250:1255	arg1	protein					1351:1357	C/EBP homologous protein	1334:1357	C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)	1334:1364	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	2	53	theme	main	385:388	arg1	cause					390:394	the main cause	381:394	the main cause of periodontitis	381:411	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	2	53	theme	main	385:388	arg1	shift					333:337	A compositional shift	317:337	A compositional shift in oral microbiota	317:356	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	5	54	from	expression	973:982	arg1	hPDLCs					1081:1086	hPDLCs	1081:1086	hPDLCs in response to LPS	1081:1105	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	7	55	from	production	1451:1460	arg1	hPDLCs					1497:1502	hPDLCs	1497:1502	hPDLCs	1497:1502	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	9	56	from	expression	1718:1727	arg1	secretion					1687:1695	the secretion	1683:1695	the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1683:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	8	57	theme	inducer	1529:1535	arg1	tunicamycin					1537:1547	ER stress inducer tunicamycin	1519:1547	ER stress inducer tunicamycin	1519:1547	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	3	58	theme	gingivalis	680:689	arg1	LPS					727:729	LPS	727:729	LPS	727:729	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	58	theme	gingivalis	680:689	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					707:724	Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide	666:724	Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	666:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	58	theme	gingivalis	680:689	arg1	gingivalis					695:704	P. gingivalis	692:704	P. gingivalis	692:704	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	2	59	theme	compositional	319:331	arg1	cause					390:394	the main cause	381:394	the main cause of periodontitis	381:411	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	2	59	theme	compositional	319:331	arg1	shift					333:337	A compositional shift	317:337	A compositional shift in oral microbiota	317:356	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	4	60	theme	LPS	862:864	arg1	stimuli					866:872	LPS stimuli	862:872	LPS stimuli	862:872	RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of C/EBP β was significantly increased in hPDLCs stimulated with LPS stimuli.
27011164	7	61	theme	ER	1371:1372	arg1	salubrinal					1391:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal	1367:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal	1367:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	1	62	theme	inflammatory	192:203	arg1	disease					205:211	an oral inflammatory disease	184:211	an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health	184:314	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	1	62	theme	inflammatory	192:203	arg1	Periodontitis					167:179	Periodontitis	167:179	Periodontitis	167:179	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	6	63	theme	homologous	1340:1349	arg1	CHOP					1360:1363	CHOP	1360:1363	CHOP	1360:1363	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	63	theme	homologous	1340:1349	arg1	protein					1351:1357	C/EBP homologous protein	1334:1357	C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)	1334:1364	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	63	theme	homologous	1340:1349	arg1	molecules					1264:1272	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	7	64	theme	stress	1374:1379	arg1	salubrinal					1391:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal	1367:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal	1367:1400	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	0	65	theme	Ligament	151:158	arg1	Cells					160:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	5	66	theme	C/EBP	893:897	arg1	β					899:899	C/EBP β	893:899	C/EBP β	893:899	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	67	dep	cytokines	1008:1016	arg1	-8					1068:1069	-8	1068:1069	-8	1068:1069	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	67	dep	cytokines	1008:1016	arg1	-9					1075:1076	-9	1075:1076	-9	1075:1076	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	67	dep	cytokines	1008:1016	arg1	cytokines					1008:1016	the pro-inflammatory cytokines	987:1016	the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8	987:1030	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	67	dep	cytokines	1008:1016	arg1	IL-8					1027:1030	IL-8	1027:1030	IL-8	1027:1030	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	67	dep	cytokines	1008:1016	arg1	IL-6					1018:1021	IL-6	1018:1021	IL-6	1018:1021	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	10	68	theme	LPS	1949:1951	arg1	stimuli					1953:1959	LPS stimuli	1949:1959	LPS stimuli	1949:1959	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	9	69	theme	C/EBP	1628:1632	arg1	β					1634:1634	C/EBP β	1628:1634	C/EBP β	1628:1634	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	6	70	theme	LPS-stimulated	1190:1203	arg1	hPDLCs					1205:1210	LPS-stimulated hPDLCs	1190:1210	LPS-stimulated hPDLCs	1190:1210	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	71	theme	kinase-like	1282:1292	arg1	kinase					1297:1302	protein kinase-like ER kinase	1274:1302	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	71	theme	kinase-like	1282:1292	arg1	PERK					1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	PERK	1305:1308	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	3	72	theme	C/EBP	571:575	arg1	family					577:582	the C/EBP family	567:582	the C/EBP family of transcription factors	567:607	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	5	73	theme	β	899:899	arg1	Overexpression					875:888	Overexpression	875:888	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	875:948	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	6	74	theme	molecules	1264:1272	arg1	expression					1229:1238	the expression	1225:1238	the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)	1225:1364	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	5	75	theme	matrix	1037:1042	arg1	metalloproteinases					1044:1061	matrix metalloproteinases	1037:1061	matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)	1037:1067	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	75	theme	matrix	1037:1042	arg1	MMP					1064:1066	MMP	1064:1066	MMP	1064:1066	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	6	76	theme	stress	1166:1171	arg1	activation					1125:1134	the activation	1121:1134	the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress	1121:1171	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	77	theme	C/EBP	1334:1338	arg1	CHOP					1360:1363	CHOP	1360:1363	CHOP	1360:1363	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	77	theme	C/EBP	1334:1338	arg1	protein					1351:1357	C/EBP homologous protein	1334:1357	C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)	1334:1364	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	6	77	theme	C/EBP	1334:1338	arg1	molecules					1264:1272	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK)	1243:1309	Furthermore, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was confirmed in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs by measuring the expression of the ER stress marker molecules protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), eIF2α, GRP78/Bip, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP).
27011164	3	78	theme	factors	601:607	arg1	family					577:582	the C/EBP family	567:582	the C/EBP family of transcription factors	567:607	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	7	79	theme	MMP-9	1488:1492	arg1	production					1451:1460	the production	1447:1460	the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs	1447:1502	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	10	80	theme	extracellular	1885:1897	arg1	ECM					1907:1909	ECM	1907:1909	ECM	1907:1909	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	10	80	theme	extracellular	1885:1897	arg1	matrix					1899:1904	extracellular matrix	1885:1904	extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation	1885:1922	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	0	81	theme	Matrix	96:101	arg1	Degradation					103:113	Extracellular Matrix Degradation	82:113	Extracellular Matrix Degradation	82:113	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	2	82	from	shift	333:337	arg1	microbiota					347:356	oral microbiota	342:356	oral microbiota	342:356	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	10	83	from	role	1847:1850	arg1	degradation					1912:1922	extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation	1885:1922	extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation	1885:1922	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	10	83	from	role	1847:1850	arg1	response					1872:1879	the inflammatory response	1855:1879	the inflammatory response	1855:1879	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	10	83	from	role	1847:1850	arg1	hPDLCs					1927:1932	hPDLCs	1927:1932	hPDLCs	1927:1932	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	8	84	from	level	1588:1592	arg1	hPDLCs					1608:1613	hPDLCs	1608:1613	hPDLCs	1608:1613	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	0	85	theme	Human	133:137	arg1	Cells					160:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells	118:164	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	4	86	theme	blotting	752:759	arg1	analysis					761:768	Western blotting analysis	744:768	Western blotting analysis	744:768	RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of C/EBP β was significantly increased in hPDLCs stimulated with LPS stimuli.
27011164	5	87	from	hPDLCs	1081:1086	arg1	response					1091:1098	response	1091:1098	response to LPS	1091:1105	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	88	theme	adenoviral	920:929	arg1	vector					931:936	the recombinant adenoviral vector	904:936	the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	904:948	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	2	89	theme	periodontitis	399:411	arg1	cause					390:394	the main cause	381:394	the main cause of periodontitis	381:411	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	2	89	theme	periodontitis	399:411	arg1	shift					333:337	A compositional shift	317:337	A compositional shift in oral microbiota	317:356	A compositional shift in oral microbiota has been considered as the main cause of periodontitis; however, the potential mechanism has not been fully defined.
27011164	0	90	theme	Endoplasmic	17:27	arg1	Reticulum					29:37	Endoplasmic Reticulum	17:37	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	5	91	theme	pAd/C/EBP	938:946	arg1	β					948:948	the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	904:948	the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β	904:948	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	11	92	theme	periodontitis	2036:2048	arg1	pathology					2050:2058	human periodontitis pathology	2030:2058	human periodontitis pathology	2030:2058	This enhances our understanding of human periodontitis pathology.
27011164	0	93	theme	Stress	39:44	arg1	Response					69:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	7	94	theme	IL-8	1471:1474	arg1	production					1451:1460	the production	1447:1460	the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs	1447:1502	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	3	95	theme	periodontal	619:629	arg1	cells					640:644	human periodontal ligament cells	613:644	human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	613:730	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	3	95	theme	periodontal	619:629	arg1	hPDLCs					647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	hPDLCs	647:652	Herein, we investigated the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBP β), a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27011164	0	96	theme	Inflammatory	56:67	arg1	Response					69:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response	17:76	C/EBP β Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulated Inflammatory Response and Extracellular Matrix Degradation in LPS-Stimulated Human Periodontal Ligament Cells.
27011164	7	97	theme	IL-6	1465:1468	arg1	production					1451:1460	the production	1447:1460	the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs	1447:1502	The ER stress inhibitor salubrinal repressed, but inducer tunicamycin enhanced, the production of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in hPDLCs.
27011164	4	98	theme	β	806:806	arg1	expression					786:795	the expression	782:795	the expression of C/EBP β	782:806	RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of C/EBP β was significantly increased in hPDLCs stimulated with LPS stimuli.
27011164	8	99	theme	expression	1577:1586	arg1	level					1588:1592	the expression level	1573:1592	the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs	1573:1613	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	9	100	from	decrease	1671:1678	arg1	secretion					1687:1695	the secretion	1683:1695	the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8	1683:1712	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	1	101	theme	local	252:256	arg1	tissues					275:281	local tooth-supporting tissues	252:281	local tooth-supporting tissues	252:281	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
27011164	5	102	theme	pro-inflammatory	991:1006	arg1	cytokines					1008:1016	the pro-inflammatory cytokines	987:1016	the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8	987:1030	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	102	theme	pro-inflammatory	991:1006	arg1	IL-8					1027:1030	IL-8	1027:1030	IL-8	1027:1030	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	5	102	theme	pro-inflammatory	991:1006	arg1	IL-6					1018:1021	IL-6	1018:1021	IL-6	1018:1021	Overexpression of C/EBP β by the recombinant adenoviral vector pAd/C/EBP β markedly increased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and -9 in hPDLCs in response to LPS.
27011164	9	103	theme	tunicamycin	1759:1769	arg1	treatment					1771:1779	tunicamycin treatment	1759:1779	tunicamycin treatment	1759:1779	Blocking of C/EBP β by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and expression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 induced by tunicamycin treatment in hPDLCs.
27011164	8	104	theme	stress	1522:1527	arg1	tunicamycin					1537:1547	ER stress inducer tunicamycin	1519:1547	ER stress inducer tunicamycin	1519:1547	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	10	105	theme	ER	1808:1809	arg1	stress					1811:1816	ER stress	1808:1816	ER stress	1808:1816	Taken together, ER stress appears to play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in hPDLCs in response to LPS stimuli by activating C/EBP β expression.
27011164	11	106	theme	pathology	2050:2058	arg1	understanding					2013:2025	our understanding	2009:2025	our understanding of human periodontitis pathology	2009:2058	This enhances our understanding of human periodontitis pathology.
27011164	8	107	theme	β	1603:1603	arg1	level					1588:1592	the expression level	1573:1592	the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs	1573:1613	Additionally, ER stress inducer tunicamycin significantly increased the expression level of C/EBP β in hPDLCs.
27011164	1	108	theme	tissues	275:281	arg1	integrity					239:247	the integrity	235:247	the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues	235:281	Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that not only affects the integrity of local tooth-supporting tissues but also impacts systemic health.
28504291	0	0	theme	collagenous	94:104	arg1	tissues					111:117	collagenous soft tissues	94:117	collagenous soft tissues	94:117	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	7	1	theme	biomedical	1231:1240	arg1	applications					1242:1253	biomedical applications	1231:1253	biomedical applications	1231:1253	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	5	2	theme	due	774:776	arg1	effect					767:772	This observed effect	753:772	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel	753:829	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
28504291	1	3	contain	possess	133:139	arg1	tissues					125:131	Soft tissues	120:131	Soft tissues	120:131	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	1	3	contain	possess	133:139	arg2	strength					163:170	remarkable mechanical strength	141:170	remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials	141:246	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	1	4	theme	high	182:185	arg1	content					193:199	their high water content	176:199	their high water content	176:199	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	6	5	theme	mechanical	1049:1058	arg1	properties					1060:1069	the mechanical properties	1045:1069	the mechanical properties	1045:1069	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	6	6	theme	Design	926:931	arg1	ratio					973:977	nanocellulose aspect ratio	952:977	nanocellulose aspect ratio	952:977	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	6	6	theme	Design	926:931	arg1	parameters					933:942	Design parameters	926:942	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition	926:1001	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	6	6	theme	Design	926:931	arg1	composition					991:1001	solvent composition	983:1001	solvent composition	983:1001	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	2	7	theme	mechanical	349:358	arg1	properties					360:369	the mechanical properties	345:369	the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues	345:397	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	3	8	theme	mechanical	557:566	arg1	behavior					568:575	collagen-like mechanical behavior	543:575	collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues	543:600	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	0	9	theme	soft	106:109	arg1	tissues					111:117	collagenous soft tissues	94:117	collagenous soft tissues	94:117	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	4	10	theme	responsible	710:720	arg1	content					614:620	High water content	603:620	High water content	603:620	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	10	theme	responsible	710:720	arg1	co-existence					626:637	co-existence	626:637	co-existence	626:637	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	10	theme	responsible	710:720	arg1	factors					702:708	the main factors	693:708	the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening	693:750	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	3	11	theme	water	496:500	arg1	content					502:508	exceptionally high water content	477:508	exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	477:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	11	theme	water	496:500	arg1	%					519:519	90-93 wt%	511:519	90-93 wt%	511:519	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	4	12	theme	main	697:700	arg1	content					614:620	High water content	603:620	High water content	603:620	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	12	theme	main	697:700	arg1	co-existence					626:637	co-existence	626:637	co-existence	626:637	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	12	theme	main	697:700	arg1	factors					702:708	the main factors	693:708	the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening	693:750	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	13	theme	strain-induced	726:739	arg1	stiffening					741:750	strain-induced stiffening	726:750	strain-induced stiffening	726:750	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	2	14	theme	strain-induced	274:287	arg1	stiffening					289:298	strain-induced stiffening	274:298	strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels	274:311	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	3	15	theme	polyvinyl	440:448	arg1	PVA					459:461	PVA	459:461	PVA	459:461	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	15	theme	polyvinyl	440:448	arg1	alcohol					450:456	polyvinyl alcohol	440:456	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	415:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	1	16	theme	water	187:191	arg1	content					193:199	their high water content	176:199	their high water content	176:199	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	7	17	theme	hyperelastic	1136:1147	arg1	properties					1149:1158	hyperelastic properties	1136:1158	hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain)	1136:1176	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	17	theme	hyperelastic	1136:1147	arg1	strain					1170:1175	250-350% strain	1161:1175	250-350% strain	1161:1175	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	18	dep	transparency	1100:1111	arg1	%					1119:1119	90-95%	1114:1119	90-95%	1114:1119	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	4	19	theme	High	603:606	arg1	factors					702:708	the main factors	693:708	the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening	693:750	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	19	theme	High	603:606	arg1	co-existence					626:637	co-existence	626:637	co-existence	626:637	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	19	theme	High	603:606	arg1	content					614:620	High water content	603:620	High water content	603:620	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	7	20	from	nm	1128:1129	arg1	%					1119:1119	90-95%	1114:1119	90-95%	1114:1119	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	5	21	theme	rigid	798:802	arg1	components					804:813	rigid components	798:813	rigid components of the hydrogel	798:829	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
28504291	7	22	theme	promising	1207:1215	arg1	hydrogels					1193:1201	the described hydrogels	1179:1201	the described hydrogels	1179:1201	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	22	theme	promising	1207:1215	arg1	materials					1217:1225	promising materials	1207:1225	promising materials for biomedical applications	1207:1253	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	2	23	theme	major	321:325	arg1	role					327:330	a major role	319:330	a major role	319:330	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	2	24	theme	tissues	391:397	arg1	properties					360:369	the mechanical properties	345:369	the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues	345:397	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	0	25	theme	Strain-induced	0:13	arg1	stiffening					15:24	Strain-induced stiffening	0:24	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol)	0:72	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	4	26	theme	rigid	656:660	arg1	domains					662:668	both soft and rigid domains	642:668	both soft and rigid domains	642:668	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	3	27	theme	typical	577:583	arg1	behavior					568:575	collagen-like mechanical behavior	543:575	collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues	543:600	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	28	theme	alcohol	450:456	arg1	hydrogels					464:472	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels	415:472	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	415:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	0	29	theme	nanocellulose-reinforced	29:52	arg1	poly					54:57	nanocellulose-reinforced poly	29:57	nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol)	29:72	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	0	29	theme	nanocellulose-reinforced	29:52	arg1	alcohol					65:71	vinyl alcohol	59:71	vinyl alcohol	59:71	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	5	30	theme	components	804:813	arg1	alignment					785:793	the alignment	781:793	the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel	781:829	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
28504291	3	31	theme	collagen-like	543:555	arg1	behavior					568:575	collagen-like mechanical behavior	543:575	collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues	543:600	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	5	32	theme	hydrogel	822:829	arg1	components					804:813	rigid components	798:813	rigid components of the hydrogel	798:829	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
28504291	7	33	theme	%	1168:1168	arg1	properties					1149:1158	hyperelastic properties	1136:1158	hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain)	1136:1176	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	33	theme	%	1168:1168	arg1	strain					1170:1175	250-350% strain	1161:1175	250-350% strain	1161:1175	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	1	34	theme	Soft	120:123	arg1	tissues					125:131	Soft tissues	120:131	Soft tissues	120:131	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	4	35	theme	gel	677:679	arg1	network					681:687	the gel network	673:687	the gel network	673:687	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	7	36	theme	described	1183:1191	arg1	hydrogels					1193:1201	the described hydrogels	1179:1201	the described hydrogels	1179:1201	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	36	theme	described	1183:1191	arg1	materials					1217:1225	promising materials	1207:1225	promising materials for biomedical applications	1207:1253	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	6	37	theme	solvent	983:989	arg1	composition					991:1001	solvent composition	983:1001	solvent composition	983:1001	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	2	38	theme	soft	386:389	arg1	tissues					391:397	collagenous soft tissues	374:397	collagenous soft tissues	374:397	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	4	39	theme	soft	647:650	arg1	domains					662:668	both soft and rigid domains	642:668	both soft and rigid domains	642:668	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	0	40	theme	poly	54:57	arg1	stiffening					15:24	Strain-induced stiffening	0:24	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol)	0:72	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	3	41	theme	reinforced	429:438	arg1	hydrogels					464:472	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels	415:472	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	415:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	7	42	theme	250-350	1161:1167	arg1	properties					1149:1158	hyperelastic properties	1136:1158	hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain)	1136:1176	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	42	theme	250-350	1161:1167	arg1	strain					1170:1175	250-350% strain	1161:1175	250-350% strain	1161:1175	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	5	43	theme	strain-induced	884:897	arg1	experiments					913:923	strain-induced birefringence experiments	884:923	strain-induced birefringence experiments	884:923	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
28504291	5	44	theme	observed	758:765	arg1	effect					767:772	This observed effect	753:772	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel	753:829	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
28504291	3	45	theme	content	502:508	arg1	hydrogels					464:472	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels	415:472	nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	415:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	0	46	theme	vinyl	59:63	arg1	poly					54:57	nanocellulose-reinforced poly	29:57	nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol)	29:72	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	0	46	theme	vinyl	59:63	arg1	alcohol					65:71	vinyl alcohol	59:71	vinyl alcohol	59:71	Strain-induced stiffening of nanocellulose-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels mimicking collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	6	47	theme	aspect	966:971	arg1	ratio					973:977	nanocellulose aspect ratio	952:977	nanocellulose aspect ratio	952:977	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	3	48	theme	high	491:494	arg1	content					502:508	exceptionally high water content	477:508	exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	477:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	48	theme	high	491:494	arg1	%					519:519	90-93 wt%	511:519	90-93 wt%	511:519	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	49	theme	soft	589:592	arg1	tissues					594:600	soft tissues	589:600	soft tissues	589:600	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	50	theme	wt	517:518	arg1	content					502:508	exceptionally high water content	477:508	exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%)	477:520	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	3	50	theme	wt	517:518	arg1	%					519:519	90-93 wt%	511:519	90-93 wt%	511:519	In particular, nanocellulose reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels of exceptionally high water content (90-93 wt%) are shown to exhibit collagen-like mechanical behavior typical for soft tissues.
28504291	4	51	theme	domains	662:668	arg1	factors					702:708	the main factors	693:708	the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening	693:750	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	51	theme	domains	662:668	arg1	co-existence					626:637	co-existence	626:637	co-existence	626:637	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	51	theme	domains	662:668	arg1	content					614:620	High water content	603:620	High water content	603:620	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	6	52	theme	nanocellulose	952:964	arg1	ratio					973:977	nanocellulose aspect ratio	952:977	nanocellulose aspect ratio	952:977	Design parameters such as nanocellulose aspect ratio and solvent composition are also shown to be important to control the mechanical properties.
28504291	1	53	theme	remarkable	141:150	arg1	strength					163:170	remarkable mechanical strength	141:170	remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials	141:246	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	4	54	theme	water	608:612	arg1	factors					702:708	the main factors	693:708	the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening	693:750	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	54	theme	water	608:612	arg1	co-existence					626:637	co-existence	626:637	co-existence	626:637	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	54	theme	water	608:612	arg1	content					614:620	High water content	603:620	High water content	603:620	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	7	55	from	materials	1217:1225	arg1	ophthalmology					1270:1282	ophthalmology	1270:1282	ophthalmology	1270:1282	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	7	55	from	materials	1217:1225	arg1	addition					1075:1082	addition	1075:1082	addition	1075:1082	In addition, owing to their transparency (90-95% at 550 nm) and hyperelastic properties (250-350% strain), the described hydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications, especially in ophthalmology.
28504291	1	56	theme	mechanical	152:161	arg1	strength					163:170	remarkable mechanical strength	141:170	remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials	141:246	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	1	57	theme	synthetic	228:236	arg1	materials					238:246	synthetic materials	228:246	synthetic materials	228:246	Soft tissues possess remarkable mechanical strength for their high water content, which is hard to mimic in synthetic materials.
28504291	2	58	theme	collagenous	374:384	arg1	tissues					391:397	collagenous soft tissues	374:397	collagenous soft tissues	374:397	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	2	59	from	stiffening	289:298	arg1	hydrogels					303:311	hydrogels	303:311	hydrogels	303:311	Here, we demonstrate how strain-induced stiffening in hydrogels plays a major role in mimicking the mechanical properties of collagenous soft tissues.
28504291	4	60	from	content	614:620	arg1	network					681:687	the gel network	673:687	the gel network	673:687	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	4	61	from	co-existence	626:637	arg1	network					681:687	the gel network	673:687	the gel network	673:687	High water content and co-existence of both soft and rigid domains in the gel network are the main factors responsible for strain-induced stiffening.
28504291	5	62	theme	birefringence	899:911	arg1	experiments					913:923	strain-induced birefringence experiments	884:923	strain-induced birefringence experiments	884:923	This observed effect due to the alignment of rigid components of the hydrogel is simulated through modeling and visualized through strain-induced birefringence experiments.
24959308	3	0	theme	lectin	528:533	arg1	technology					546:555	lectin microarray technology	528:555	lectin microarray technology	528:555	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	2	1	contain	have	262:265	arg2	impact					267:272	impact	267:272	impact	267:272	Changes in protein glycosylation have impact on biological function and carcinogenesis.
24959308	2	1	contain	have	262:265	arg1	Changes					229:235	Changes	229:235	Changes in protein glycosylation	229:260	Changes in protein glycosylation have impact on biological function and carcinogenesis.
24959308	9	2	theme	In	1444:1445	arg1	analysis					1454:1461	In silico analysis	1444:1461	In silico analysis	1444:1461	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	6	3	theme	sera	1183:1186	arg1	samples					1188:1194	the sera samples	1179:1194	the sera samples	1179:1194	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	2	4	theme	biological	277:286	arg1	function					288:295	biological function	277:295	biological function	277:295	Changes in protein glycosylation have impact on biological function and carcinogenesis.
24959308	4	5	theme	cancer	684:689	arg1	stages					652:657	different stages	642:657	different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer	642:689	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	1	6	theme	different	189:197	arg1	gastritis					199:207	different gastritis	189:207	different gastritis	189:207	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	7	7	from	absent	1286:1291	arg1	individuals					1311:1321	healthy normal individuals	1296:1321	healthy normal individuals	1296:1321	We were able to establish signature glycoprofile for the three disease groups, that were absent in healthy normal individuals.
24959308	4	8	theme	different	642:650	arg1	stages					652:657	different stages	642:657	different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer	642:689	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	10	9	theme	disease	1759:1765	arg1	prognosis					1767:1775	the disease prognosis	1755:1775	the disease prognosis	1755:1775	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	1	10	theme	based	123:127	arg1	approach					138:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	10	11	theme	gastric	1662:1668	arg1	marker					1677:1682	gastric cancer marker	1662:1682	gastric cancer marker	1662:1682	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	10	11	theme	gastric	1662:1668	arg1	signature					1625:1633	This signature	1620:1633	This signature	1620:1633	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	9	12	theme	gastritis	1499:1507	arg1	glycoprofile					1475:1486	glycoprofile	1475:1486	glycoprofile	1475:1486	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	3	13	theme	altered	323:329	arg1	patterns					345:352	These altered glycosylation patterns	317:352	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells	317:407	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	3	14	from	patterns	345:352	arg1	proteins					363:370	serum proteins	357:370	serum proteins	357:370	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	3	14	from	patterns	345:352	arg1	proteins					385:392	membrane proteins	376:392	membrane proteins	376:392	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	9	15	theme	gastric	1513:1519	arg1	adenocarcinoma					1521:1534	gastric adenocarcinoma	1513:1534	gastric adenocarcinoma	1513:1534	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	6	16	theme	biopsy	958:963	arg1	samples					965:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	9	17	dep	In	1444:1445	arg1	silico					1447:1452	silico	1447:1452	silico	1447:1452	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	1	18	theme	glycomic	129:136	arg1	approach					138:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	3	19	theme	serum	357:361	arg1	proteins					363:370	serum proteins	357:370	serum proteins	357:370	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	7	20	theme	normal	1304:1309	arg1	individuals					1311:1321	healthy normal individuals	1296:1321	healthy normal individuals	1296:1321	We were able to establish signature glycoprofile for the three disease groups, that were absent in healthy normal individuals.
24959308	0	21	theme	types	68:72	arg1	glycoprofiling					30:43	glycoprofiling	30:43	glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer	30:91	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	6	22	theme	chronic	1020:1026	arg1	gastritis					1035:1043	10 chronic Type-C gastritis	1017:1043	10 chronic Type-C gastritis	1017:1043	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	0	23	theme	gastric	78:84	arg1	cancer					86:91	gastric cancer	78:91	gastric cancer	78:91	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	5	24	gly	glycoproteins	760:772	arg1	glycoproteins					760:772	tissue glycoproteins	753:772	tissue glycoproteins	753:772	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	2	25	from	Changes	229:235	arg1	glycosylation					248:260	protein glycosylation	240:260	protein glycosylation	240:260	Changes in protein glycosylation have impact on biological function and carcinogenesis.
24959308	6	26	theme	Type-B	999:1004	arg1	gastritis					1006:1014	15 chronic Type-B gastritis	988:1014	15 chronic Type-B gastritis	988:1014	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	6	27	from	gastritis	1006:1014	arg1	serum					940:944	serum	940:944	serum	940:944	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	6	27	from	gastritis	1006:1014	arg1	samples					965:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	8	28	theme	certain	1361:1367	arg1	expression					1392:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression	1361:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer	1361:1441	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	10	29	theme	novel	1695:1699	arg1	tools					1712:1716	novel analytical tools	1695:1716	novel analytical tools	1695:1716	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	5	30	theme	tissue	753:758	arg1	glycoproteins					760:772	tissue glycoproteins	753:772	tissue glycoproteins	753:772	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	8	31	theme	signature	1375:1383	arg1	expression					1392:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression	1361:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer	1361:1441	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	3	32	theme	progression	441:451	arg1	markers					423:429	unique markers	416:429	unique markers of cancer progression	416:451	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	0	33	theme	On-chip	0:6	arg1	microarray					15:24	On-chip lectin microarray	0:24	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.	0:92	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	3	34	theme	tumor	397:401	arg1	cells					403:407	tumor cells	397:407	tumor cells	397:407	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	1	35	theme	lectin	105:110	arg1	approach					138:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	6	36	theme	gastric	1052:1058	arg1	patients					1075:1082	6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients	1050:1082	6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients	1050:1082	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	8	37	theme	chronic	1406:1412	arg1	gastritis					1414:1422	chronic gastritis	1406:1422	chronic gastritis	1406:1422	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	7	38	theme	healthy	1296:1302	arg1	individuals					1311:1321	healthy normal individuals	1296:1321	healthy normal individuals	1296:1321	We were able to establish signature glycoprofile for the three disease groups, that were absent in healthy normal individuals.
24959308	3	39	theme	unique	416:421	arg1	markers					423:429	unique markers	416:429	unique markers of cancer progression	416:451	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	5	40	theme	lab-on-a-chip	904:916	arg1	platform					918:925	a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform	889:925	a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform	889:925	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	0	41	theme	different	48:56	arg1	types					68:72	different gastritis types	48:72	different gastritis types	48:72	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	3	42	theme	various	495:501	arg1	stages					503:508	various stages	495:508	various stages of cancer	495:518	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	6	43	theme	tissue	1130:1135	arg1	samples					1137:1143	tissue samples	1130:1143	tissue samples	1130:1143	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	3	44	theme	microarray	535:544	arg1	technology					546:555	lectin microarray technology	528:555	lectin microarray technology	528:555	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	5	45	theme	high-throughput	794:808	arg1	manner					810:815	an efficient and high-throughput manner	777:815	an efficient and high-throughput manner	777:815	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	6	46	theme	gastric	950:956	arg1	samples					965:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	4	47	theme	structure	622:630	arg1	alteration					601:610	the alteration	597:610	the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer	597:689	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	10	48	theme	prognosis	1767:1775	arg1	understanding					1738:1750	in-depth understanding	1729:1750	in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis	1729:1775	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	6	49	from	patients	1075:1082	arg1	serum					940:944	serum	940:944	serum	940:944	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	6	49	from	patients	1075:1082	arg1	samples					965:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	1	50	theme	glyco	171:175	arg1	markers					177:183	glyco markers	171:183	glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer	171:226	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	4	51	theme	gastritis	662:670	arg1	stages					652:657	different stages	642:657	different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer	642:689	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	6	52	theme	chronic	991:997	arg1	gastritis					1006:1014	15 chronic Type-B gastritis	988:1014	15 chronic Type-B gastritis	988:1014	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	4	53	theme	gastric	676:682	arg1	cancer					684:689	gastric cancer	676:689	gastric cancer	676:689	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	10	54	theme	cancer	1670:1675	arg1	marker					1677:1682	gastric cancer marker	1662:1682	gastric cancer marker	1662:1682	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	10	54	theme	cancer	1670:1675	arg1	signature					1625:1633	This signature	1620:1633	This signature	1620:1633	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	2	55	theme	protein	240:246	arg1	glycosylation					248:260	protein glycosylation	240:260	protein glycosylation	240:260	Changes in protein glycosylation have impact on biological function and carcinogenesis.
24959308	5	56	theme	microfluidic	891:902	arg1	platform					918:925	a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform	889:925	a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform	889:925	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	5	57	theme	lectin	857:862	arg1	microarray					864:873	lectin microarray	857:873	lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform	857:925	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	1	58	theme	microarray	112:121	arg1	approach					138:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	3	59	theme	glycosylation	331:343	arg1	patterns					345:352	These altered glycosylation patterns	317:352	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells	317:407	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	9	60	theme	adenocarcinoma	1521:1534	arg1	glycoprofile					1475:1486	glycoprofile	1475:1486	glycoprofile	1475:1486	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	7	61	theme	glycoprofile	1233:1244	arg1	signature					1223:1231	signature	1223:1231	signature	1223:1231	We were able to establish signature glycoprofile for the three disease groups, that were absent in healthy normal individuals.
24959308	9	62	theme	close	1543:1547	arg1	clusters					1549:1556	close clusters	1543:1556	close clusters	1543:1556	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	6	63	theme	Type-C	1028:1033	arg1	gastritis					1035:1043	10 chronic Type-C gastritis	1017:1043	10 chronic Type-C gastritis	1017:1043	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	0	64	theme	cancer	86:91	arg1	glycoprofiling					30:43	glycoprofiling	30:43	glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer	30:91	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	4	65	from	alteration	601:610	arg1	stages					652:657	different stages	642:657	different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer	642:689	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	6	66	from	gastritis	1035:1043	arg1	serum					940:944	serum	940:944	serum	940:944	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	6	66	from	gastritis	1035:1043	arg1	samples					965:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	9	67	theme	hypothesized	1585:1596	arg1	linkage					1598:1604	the previously hypothesized linkage	1570:1604	the previously hypothesized linkage between them	1570:1617	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	3	68	theme	membrane	376:383	arg1	proteins					385:392	membrane proteins	376:392	membrane proteins	376:392	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	0	69	theme	lectin	8:13	arg1	microarray					15:24	On-chip lectin microarray	0:24	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.	0:92	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	8	70	theme	novel	1369:1373	arg1	expression					1392:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression	1361:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer	1361:1441	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	1	71	theme	on-chip	97:103	arg1	approach					138:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach	94:145	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	6	72	theme	adenocarcinoma	1060:1073	arg1	patients					1075:1082	6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients	1050:1082	6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients	1050:1082	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	3	73	theme	cells	403:407	arg1	proteins					363:370	serum proteins	357:370	serum proteins	357:370	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	3	73	theme	cells	403:407	arg1	proteins					385:392	membrane proteins	376:392	membrane proteins	376:392	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	6	74	from	normal	980:985	arg1	serum					940:944	serum	940:944	serum	940:944	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	6	74	from	normal	980:985	arg1	samples					965:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	gastric biopsy samples	950:971	We analyzed serum and gastric biopsy samples from 8 normal, 15 chronic Type-B gastritis, 10 chronic Type-C gastritis, and 6 gastric adenocarcinoma patients and found that the glycoprofile obtained from tissue samples was more distinctive than that of the sera samples.
24959308	8	75	theme	glycan	1385:1390	arg1	expression					1392:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression	1361:1401	certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer	1361:1441	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	5	76	theme	efficient	780:788	arg1	manner					810:815	an efficient and high-throughput manner	777:815	an efficient and high-throughput manner	777:815	In order to perform the study from both serum and tissue glycoproteins in an efficient and high-throughput manner, we indigenously developed and employed lectin microarray integrated on a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip platform.
24959308	1	77	theme	gastric	213:219	arg1	cancer					221:226	gastric cancer	213:226	gastric cancer	213:226	An on-chip lectin microarray based glycomic approach is employed to identify glyco markers for different gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	3	78	theme	cancer	434:439	arg1	progression					441:451	cancer progression	434:451	cancer progression	434:451	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	10	79	theme	analytical	1701:1710	arg1	tools					1712:1716	novel analytical tools	1695:1716	novel analytical tools	1695:1716	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	0	80	theme	gastritis	58:66	arg1	types					68:72	different gastritis types	48:72	different gastritis types	48:72	On-chip lectin microarray for glycoprofiling of different gastritis types and gastric cancer.
24959308	9	81	theme	chronic	1491:1497	arg1	gastritis					1499:1507	chronic gastritis	1491:1507	chronic gastritis	1491:1507	In silico analysis showed that glycoprofile of chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma formed close clusters, confirming the previously hypothesized linkage between them.
24959308	4	82	theme	present	565:571	arg1	work					573:576	the present work	561:576	the present work	561:576	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	3	83	theme	cancer	513:518	arg1	stages					503:508	various stages	495:508	various stages of cancer	495:518	These altered glycosylation patterns in serum proteins and membrane proteins of tumor cells can be unique markers of cancer progression and hence have been exploited to diagnose various stages of cancer through lectin microarray technology.
24959308	7	84	from	individuals	1311:1321	arg1	absent					1286:1291	absent	1286:1291	absent	1286:1291	We were able to establish signature glycoprofile for the three disease groups, that were absent in healthy normal individuals.
24959308	4	85	theme	glycan	615:620	arg1	structure					622:630	glycan structure itself	615:637	glycan structure itself	615:637	In the present work, we aimed to study the alteration of glycan structure itself in different stages of gastritis and gastric cancer thoroughly.
24959308	8	86	theme	gastric	1428:1434	arg1	cancer					1436:1441	gastric cancer	1428:1441	gastric cancer	1428:1441	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	10	87	theme	in-depth	1729:1736	arg1	understanding					1738:1750	in-depth understanding	1729:1750	in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis	1729:1775	This signature can be explored further as gastric cancer marker to develop novel analytical tools and obtain in-depth understanding of the disease prognosis.
24959308	7	88	theme	disease	1260:1266	arg1	groups					1268:1273	the three disease groups	1250:1273	the three disease groups	1250:1273	We were able to establish signature glycoprofile for the three disease groups, that were absent in healthy normal individuals.
24959308	8	89	from	expression	1392:1401	arg1	gastritis					1414:1422	chronic gastritis	1406:1422	chronic gastritis	1406:1422	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
24959308	8	89	from	expression	1392:1401	arg1	cancer					1436:1441	gastric cancer	1428:1441	gastric cancer	1428:1441	In addition, our findings elucidated certain novel signature glycan expression in chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
27332846	1	0	theme	iron	245:248	arg1	nanoparticles					282:294	synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles	211:294	synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni)	211:330	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	2	1	used	utilized	451:458	arg2	design					380:385	A central composite design	360:385	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization	360:445	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	7	2	theme	Fe	1117:1118	arg1	presence					1105:1112	the presence	1101:1112	the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III)	1101:1134	X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT.
27332846	0	3	theme	trihydrate	96:105	arg1	removal					73:79	removal	73:79	removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater	73:131	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	4	4	theme	nanoparticles	764:776	arg1	factors					806:812	all significant factors	790:812	all significant factors	790:812	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	4	4	theme	nanoparticles	764:776	arg1	concentration					734:746	the initial concentration	722:746	the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage	722:783	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	7	5	with	reaction	1146:1153	arg1	AMT					1160:1162	AMT	1160:1162	AMT	1160:1162	X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT.
27332846	4	6	theme	pH	756:757	arg1	factors					806:812	all significant factors	790:812	all significant factors	790:812	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	4	6	theme	pH	756:757	arg1	concentration					734:746	the initial concentration	722:746	the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage	722:783	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	6	7	theme	surface	1003:1009	arg1	area					1011:1014	the specific surface area	990:1014	the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni	990:1026	Also, chitosan and Ni increased the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni.
27332846	0	8	theme	amoxicillin	84:94	arg1	trihydrate					96:105	amoxicillin trihydrate	84:105	amoxicillin trihydrate	84:105	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	6	9	theme	Cs-Fe/Ni	1019:1026	arg1	area					1011:1014	the specific surface area	990:1014	the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni	990:1026	Also, chitosan and Ni increased the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni.
27332846	0	10	theme	synthetic	112:120	arg1	wastewater					122:131	synthetic wastewater	112:131	synthetic wastewater	112:131	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	8	11	theme	nZVI	1198:1201	arg1	approach					1235:1242	a promising approach	1223:1242	a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment	1223:1278	This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
27332846	8	11	theme	nZVI	1198:1201	arg1	technology					1203:1212	the nZVI technology	1194:1212	the nZVI technology	1194:1212	This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
27332846	4	12	theme	parameters	671:680	arg1	effects					648:654	The effects	644:654	The effects of independent parameters	644:680	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	2	13	theme	central	362:368	arg1	design					380:385	A central composite design	360:385	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization	360:445	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	6	14	theme	specific	994:1001	arg1	area					1011:1014	the specific surface area	990:1014	the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni	990:1026	Also, chitosan and Ni increased the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni.
27332846	3	15	theme	variables	558:566	arg1	importance					532:541	The importance	528:541	The importance of the various variables and their interactions	528:589	The importance of the various variables and their interactions were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test.
27332846	1	16	theme	amoxicillin	175:185	arg1	AMT					199:201	AMT	199:201	AMT	199:201	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	1	16	theme	amoxicillin	175:185	arg1	trihydrate					187:196	amoxicillin trihydrate	175:196	amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT)	175:202	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	7	17	theme	fresh	1083:1087	arg1	samples					1089:1095	fresh samples	1083:1095	fresh samples	1083:1095	X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT.
27332846	4	18	theme	initial	726:732	arg1	factors					806:812	all significant factors	790:812	all significant factors	790:812	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	4	18	theme	initial	726:732	arg1	concentration					734:746	the initial concentration	722:746	the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage	722:783	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	1	19	theme	trihydrate	187:196	arg1	degradation					160:170	the degradation	156:170	the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water	156:340	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	0	20	theme	nano	20:23	arg1	particles					25:33	iron nano particles	15:33	iron nano particles	15:33	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	1	21	theme	bimetallic	261:270	arg1	Fe					272:273	bimetallic Fe	261:273	bimetallic Fe	261:273	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	4	22	theme	AMT	751:753	arg1	factors					806:812	all significant factors	790:812	all significant factors	790:812	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	4	22	theme	AMT	751:753	arg1	concentration					734:746	the initial concentration	722:746	the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage	722:783	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	5	23	theme	scanning	830:837	arg1	microscopy					848:857	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy	815:857	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images	815:864	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images indicated that chitosan acts as a stabilizer preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles.
27332846	0	24	theme	iron	15:18	arg1	particles					25:33	iron nano particles	15:33	iron nano particles	15:33	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	1	25	theme	Fe	272:273	arg1	nanoparticles					282:294	synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles	211:294	synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni)	211:330	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	3	26	theme	various	550:556	arg1	variables					558:566	the various variables	546:566	the various variables	546:566	The importance of the various variables and their interactions were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test.
27332846	5	27	theme	electron	839:846	arg1	microscopy					848:857	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy	815:857	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images	815:864	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images indicated that chitosan acts as a stabilizer preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles.
27332846	7	28	theme	Fe	1074:1075	arg1	existence					1061:1069	the existence	1057:1069	the existence of Fe(0)	1057:1078	X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT.
27332846	4	29	theme	independent	659:669	arg1	parameters					671:680	independent parameters	659:680	independent parameters	659:680	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	5	30	theme	microscopy	848:857	arg1	images					859:864	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images	815:864	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images	815:864	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images indicated that chitosan acts as a stabilizer preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles.
27332846	0	31	theme	particles	25:33	arg1	Performance					0:10	Performance	0:10	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe	0:54	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	2	32	theme	surface	410:416	arg1	methodology					418:428	response surface methodology	401:428	response surface methodology	401:428	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	7	33	theme	X-ray	1029:1033	arg1	diffraction					1035:1045	X-ray diffraction	1029:1045	X-ray diffraction	1029:1045	X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT.
27332846	2	34	theme	composite	370:378	arg1	design					380:385	A central composite design	360:385	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization	360:445	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	0	35	theme	Ni/Fe	50:54	arg1	Performance					0:10	Performance	0:10	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe	0:54	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	5	36	theme	Field-emission	815:828	arg1	microscopy					848:857	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy	815:857	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images	815:864	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images indicated that chitosan acts as a stabilizer preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles.
27332846	3	37	theme	t-test	636:641	arg1	analysis					611:618	analysis	611:618	analysis of variance and t-test	611:641	The importance of the various variables and their interactions were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test.
27332846	2	38	theme	nanoparticles-water	500:518	arg1	system					520:525	the nanoparticles-water system	496:525	the nanoparticles-water system	496:525	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	4	39	dep	AMT	751:753	arg1	dosage					778:783	dosage	778:783	dosage	778:783	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	0	40	theme	bimetallic	39:48	arg1	Ni/Fe					50:54	bimetallic Ni/Fe	39:54	bimetallic Ni/Fe	39:54	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	3	41	theme	interactions	578:589	arg1	importance					532:541	The importance	528:541	The importance of the various variables and their interactions	528:589	The importance of the various variables and their interactions were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test.
27332846	8	42	theme	promising	1225:1233	arg1	approach					1235:1242	a promising approach	1223:1242	a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment	1223:1278	This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
27332846	8	42	theme	promising	1225:1233	arg1	technology					1203:1212	the nZVI technology	1194:1212	the nZVI technology	1194:1212	This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
27332846	7	43	theme	Fe	1128:1129	arg1	presence					1105:1112	the presence	1101:1112	the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III)	1101:1134	X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT.
27332846	4	44	theme	significant	794:804	arg1	factors					806:812	all significant factors	790:812	all significant factors	790:812	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	4	44	theme	significant	794:804	arg1	concentration					734:746	the initial concentration	722:746	the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage	722:783	The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors.
27332846	8	45	theme	antibiotic	1248:1257	arg1	treatment					1270:1278	antibiotic wastewater treatment	1248:1278	antibiotic wastewater treatment	1248:1278	This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
27332846	3	46	theme	variance	623:630	arg1	analysis					611:618	analysis	611:618	analysis of variance and t-test	611:641	The importance of the various variables and their interactions were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test.
27332846	5	47	theme	nanoparticles	943:955	arg1	agglomeration					926:938	the agglomeration	922:938	the agglomeration of nanoparticles	922:955	Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images indicated that chitosan acts as a stabilizer preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles.
27332846	1	48	theme	synthesized	211:221	arg1	nanoparticles					282:294	synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles	211:294	synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni)	211:330	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	2	49	theme	response	401:408	arg1	methodology					418:428	response surface methodology	401:428	response surface methodology	401:428	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	1	50	theme	present	141:147	arg1	study					149:153	the present study	137:153	the present study	137:153	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	1	51	theme	nanoscale	223:231	arg1	nZVI					251:254	nZVI	251:254	nZVI	251:254	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	1	51	theme	nanoscale	223:231	arg1	iron					245:248	nanoscale zero-valent iron	223:248	nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	223:255	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	2	52	theme	AMT	479:481	arg1	reduction					483:491	the AMT reduction	475:491	the AMT reduction	475:491	A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system.
27332846	0	53	from	wastewater	122:131	arg1	removal					73:79	removal	73:79	removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater	73:131	Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.
27332846	1	54	from	degradation	160:170	arg1	water					336:340	water	336:340	water	336:340	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	8	55	theme	wastewater	1259:1268	arg1	treatment					1270:1278	antibiotic wastewater treatment	1248:1278	antibiotic wastewater treatment	1248:1278	This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
27332846	1	56	theme	zero-valent	233:243	arg1	nZVI					251:254	nZVI	251:254	nZVI	251:254	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
27332846	1	56	theme	zero-valent	233:243	arg1	iron					245:248	nanoscale zero-valent iron	223:248	nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	223:255	In the present study, the degradation of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated.
24799219	0	0	theme	Cynara	78:83	arg1	L.					94:95	Cynara scolymus L.	78:95	Cynara scolymus L.	78:95	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	0	0	theme	Cynara	78:83	arg1	artichoke					67:75	artichoke	67:75	artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)	67:96	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	7	1	from	positions	1084:1092	arg1	head					1111:1114	the artichoke head	1097:1114	the artichoke head	1097:1114	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	1	from	positions	1084:1092	arg1	treatments					1132:1141	the thermal treatments	1120:1141	the thermal treatments	1120:1141	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	5	2	theme	assessed	622:629	arg1	fractions					652:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	2	3	theme	bract	361:365	arg1	position					367:374	the bract position	357:374	the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size	357:417	Fractions differed in thermal treatment, the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size.
24799219	7	4	theme	Total	837:841	arg1	contents					866:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents	837:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents	837:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	5	theme	dry	1029:1031	arg1	matter					1033:1038	dry matter	1029:1038	dry matter	1029:1038	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	5	6	theme	artichoke	631:639	arg1	fractions					652:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	7	7	theme	gallic	914:919	arg1	equivalents					963:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	7	theme	gallic	914:919	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	7	theme	gallic	914:919	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	3	8	theme	inulin	476:481	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	1	9	theme	different	249:257	arg1	steps					259:263	different steps	249:263	different steps of artichoke industrial processing	249:298	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	5	10	theme	low	708:710	arg1	fat					712:714	low fat	708:714	low fat (2.5-3.7%)	708:725	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	5	10	theme	low	708:710	arg1	%					724:724	2.5-3.7%	717:724	2.5-3.7%	717:724	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	5	11	theme	by-product	641:650	arg1	fractions					652:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	6	12	theme	inulin	784:789	arg1	levels					774:779	high levels	769:779	high levels	769:779	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	3	13	theme	total	501:505	arg1	flavonoids					507:516	total flavonoids	501:516	total flavonoids	501:516	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	0	14	theme	scolymus	85:92	arg1	L.					94:95	Cynara scolymus L.	78:95	Cynara scolymus L.	78:95	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	0	14	theme	scolymus	85:92	arg1	artichoke					67:75	artichoke	67:75	artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)	67:96	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	8	15	dep	situated	1220:1227	arg1	closer					1229:1234	closer	1229:1234	closer	1229:1234	The more interesting fractions for use as functional ingredients were those situated closer to the artichoke heart and thermally treated.
24799219	3	16	theme	flavonoids	507:516	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	6	17	contain	contained	759:767	arg1	fractions					749:757	Artichoke by-product fractions	728:757	Artichoke by-product fractions	728:757	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	6	17	contain	contained	759:767	arg2	levels					774:779	high levels	769:779	high levels	769:779	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	7	18	theme	μmol	909:912	arg1	equivalents					963:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	18	theme	μmol	909:912	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	18	theme	μmol	909:912	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	3	19	theme	phenolics	490:498	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	2	20	theme	artichoke	383:391	arg1	head					393:396	the artichoke head	379:396	the artichoke head	379:396	Fractions differed in thermal treatment, the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size.
24799219	3	21	theme	moisture	432:439	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	6	22	theme	high	769:772	arg1	levels					774:779	high levels	769:779	high levels	769:779	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	1	23	theme	by-product	213:222	arg1	fractions					224:232	six by-product fractions	209:232	six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing	209:298	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	1	24	theme	basic	153:157	arg1	composition					168:178	basic chemical composition	153:178	basic chemical composition	153:178	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	7	25	theme	matter	1033:1038	arg1	gram					1021:1024	gram	1021:1024	gram of dry matter	1021:1038	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	26	theme	antioxidant	879:889	arg1	activity					891:898	antioxidant activity	879:898	antioxidant activity	879:898	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	3	27	theme	derivatives	528:538	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	1	28	theme	chemical	159:166	arg1	composition					168:178	basic chemical composition	153:178	basic chemical composition	153:178	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	0	29	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	properties					24:33	Chemical and functional properties	0:33	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.	0:132	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	1	30	theme	artichoke	268:276	arg1	processing					289:298	artichoke industrial processing	268:298	artichoke industrial processing	268:298	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	8	31	theme	functional	1186:1195	arg1	ingredients					1197:1207	functional ingredients	1186:1207	functional ingredients	1186:1207	The more interesting fractions for use as functional ingredients were those situated closer to the artichoke heart and thermally treated.
24799219	4	32	theme	Antioxidant	568:578	arg1	values					589:594	Antioxidant activity values	568:594	Antioxidant activity values	568:594	Antioxidant activity values were also determined.
24799219	1	33	theme	industrial	278:287	arg1	processing					289:298	artichoke industrial processing	268:298	artichoke industrial processing	268:298	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	0	34	theme	canning	114:120	arg1	processing					122:131	industrial canning processing	103:131	industrial canning processing	103:131	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	2	35	from	position	367:374	arg1	head					393:396	the artichoke head	379:396	the artichoke head	379:396	Fractions differed in thermal treatment, the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size.
24799219	2	35	from	position	367:374	arg1	size					414:417	the cutting size	402:417	the cutting size	402:417	Fractions differed in thermal treatment, the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size.
24799219	3	36	theme	protein	447:453	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	0	37	theme	functional	13:22	arg1	properties					24:33	Chemical and functional properties	0:33	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.	0:132	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	1	38	theme	processing	289:298	arg1	steps					259:263	different steps	249:263	different steps of artichoke industrial processing	249:298	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	0	39	theme	industrial	103:112	arg1	processing					122:131	industrial canning processing	103:131	industrial canning processing	103:131	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	3	40	theme	caffeoyl	519:526	arg1	derivatives					528:538	caffeoyl derivatives	519:538	caffeoyl derivatives	519:538	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	1	41	theme	functional	184:193	arg1	properties					195:204	functional properties	184:204	functional properties	184:204	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	8	42	theme	interesting	1153:1163	arg1	fractions					1165:1173	The more interesting fractions	1144:1173	The more interesting fractions for use as functional ingredients	1144:1207	The more interesting fractions for use as functional ingredients were those situated closer to the artichoke heart and thermally treated.
24799219	7	43	theme	thermal	1124:1130	arg1	treatments					1132:1141	the thermal treatments	1120:1141	the thermal treatments	1120:1141	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	3	44	theme	ash	442:444	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	2	45	theme	cutting	406:412	arg1	size					414:417	the cutting size	402:417	the cutting size	402:417	Fractions differed in thermal treatment, the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size.
24799219	1	46	dep	composition	168:178	arg1	the					149:151	the	149:151	the	149:151	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	6	47	theme	Artichoke	728:736	arg1	fractions					749:757	Artichoke by-product fractions	728:757	Artichoke by-product fractions	728:757	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	7	48	theme	artichoke	1101:1109	arg1	head					1111:1114	the artichoke head	1097:1114	the artichoke head	1097:1114	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	0	49	theme	by-products	52:62	arg1	properties					24:33	Chemical and functional properties	0:33	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.	0:132	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	7	50	theme	acid	1000:1003	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	50	theme	acid	1000:1003	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	6	51	theme	inner	817:821	arg1	bracts					823:828	the boiled inner bracts	806:828	the boiled inner bracts (30%)	806:834	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	6	51	theme	inner	817:821	arg1	%					833:833	30%	831:833	30%	831:833	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	3	52	theme	flavones	544:551	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	6	53	theme	by-product	738:747	arg1	fractions					749:757	Artichoke by-product fractions	728:757	Artichoke by-product fractions	728:757	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	0	54	theme	different	42:50	arg1	by-products					52:62	the different by-products	38:62	the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing	38:131	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	7	55	dep	contents	866:873	arg1	equivalents					963:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	55	dep	contents	866:873	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	55	dep	contents	866:873	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	3	56	theme	fat	456:458	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	6	57	theme	boiled	810:815	arg1	bracts					823:828	the boiled inner bracts	806:828	the boiled inner bracts (30%)	806:834	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	6	57	theme	boiled	810:815	arg1	%					833:833	30%	831:833	30%	831:833	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	7	58	theme	quercetin	953:961	arg1	equivalents					963:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	58	theme	quercetin	953:961	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	3	59	theme	fibre	469:473	arg1	Contents					420:427	Contents	420:427	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones	420:551	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
24799219	7	60	theme	flavonoid	856:864	arg1	contents					866:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents	837:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents	837:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	5	61	contain	contained	662:670	arg2	%					701:701	53.6-67.0%	692:701	53.6-67.0%	692:701	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	5	61	contain	contained	662:670	arg2	fibre					685:689	fibre	685:689	fibre	685:689	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	5	61	contain	contained	662:670	arg2	%					724:724	2.5-3.7%	717:724	2.5-3.7%	717:724	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	5	61	contain	contained	662:670	arg2	fat					712:714	low fat	708:714	low fat (2.5-3.7%)	708:725	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	5	61	contain	contained	662:670	arg1	fractions					652:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions	618:660	All assessed artichoke by-product fractions contained high-dietary fibre (53.6-67.0%) and low fat (2.5-3.7%).
24799219	7	62	theme	μmol	986:989	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	62	theme	μmol	986:989	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	63	theme	acid	921:924	arg1	equivalents					963:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	63	theme	acid	921:924	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	63	theme	acid	921:924	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	2	64	theme	thermal	338:344	arg1	treatment					346:354	thermal treatment	338:354	thermal treatment	338:354	Fractions differed in thermal treatment, the bract position in the artichoke head and the cutting size.
24799219	4	65	theme	activity	580:587	arg1	values					589:594	Antioxidant activity values	568:594	Antioxidant activity values	568:594	Antioxidant activity values were also determined.
24799219	7	66	theme	ascorbic	991:998	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	66	theme	ascorbic	991:998	arg1	equivalents					1005:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents	979:1015	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	8	67	theme	artichoke	1243:1251	arg1	heart					1253:1257	the artichoke heart	1239:1257	the artichoke heart	1239:1257	The more interesting fractions for use as functional ingredients were those situated closer to the artichoke heart and thermally treated.
24799219	7	68	theme	phenolic	843:850	arg1	contents					866:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents	837:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents	837:873	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	0	69	from	processing	122:131	arg1	properties					24:33	Chemical and functional properties	0:33	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.	0:132	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	0	69	from	processing	122:131	arg1	by-products					52:62	the different by-products	38:62	the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing	38:131	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	0	70	theme	artichoke	67:75	arg1	by-products					52:62	the different by-products	38:62	the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing	38:131	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	7	71	theme	μmol	948:951	arg1	equivalents					963:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents	939:973	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	7	71	theme	μmol	948:951	arg1	equivalents					926:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents	901:936	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	6	72	from	levels	774:779	arg1	bracts					823:828	the boiled inner bracts	806:828	the boiled inner bracts (30%)	806:834	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	6	72	from	levels	774:779	arg1	%					833:833	30%	831:833	30%	831:833	Artichoke by-product fractions contained high levels of inulin, especially in the boiled inner bracts (30%).
24799219	1	73	theme	fractions	224:232	arg1	composition					168:178	basic chemical composition	153:178	basic chemical composition	153:178	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	1	73	theme	fractions	224:232	arg1	properties					195:204	functional properties	184:204	functional properties	184:204	In this study, the basic chemical composition and functional properties of six by-product fractions collected from different steps of artichoke industrial processing were evaluated.
24799219	7	74	theme	bract	1078:1082	arg1	positions					1084:1092	the bract positions	1074:1092	the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments	1074:1141	Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity (153-729 μmol gallic acid equivalents, 6.9-19.2 μmol quercetin equivalents and 85-234 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of dry matter, respectively) varied widely with the bract positions in the artichoke head and the thermal treatments.
24799219	0	75	from	properties	24:33	arg1	processing					122:131	industrial canning processing	103:131	industrial canning processing	103:131	Chemical and functional properties of the different by-products of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from industrial canning processing.
24799219	3	76	theme	total	484:488	arg1	phenolics					490:498	total phenolics	484:498	total phenolics	484:498	Contents of moisture, ash, protein, fat, dietary fibre, inulin, total phenolics, total flavonoids, caffeoyl derivatives and flavones were analysed.
28911187	5	0	theme	bp	612:613	arg1	genome					593:598	a circular genome	582:598	a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%	582:642	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	3	1	theme	growth	244:249	arg1	capability					251:260	the growth capability	240:260	the growth capability in soymilk	240:271	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	5	2	theme	genome	545:550	arg1	sequence					552:559	The whole genome sequence	535:559	The whole genome sequence of BF052	535:568	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	6	3	theme	adaptive	702:709	arg1	responses					711:719	its adaptive responses	698:719	its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses	698:763	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	3	4	theme	food	363:366	arg1	vehicles					368:375	its food vehicles	359:375	its food vehicles	359:375	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	4	5	theme	probiotic	516:524	arg1	basis					467:471	the genetic basis	455:471	the genetic basis of BF052	455:480	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	4	5	theme	probiotic	516:524	arg1	starter					526:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	5	6	theme	%	642:642	arg1	content					626:632	a G+C content	620:632	a G+C content of 60.50%	620:642	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	1	7	theme	potential	119:127	arg1	application					129:139	its potential application	115:139	its potential application in fermented soymilk	115:160	lactis BF052, and its potential application in fermented soymilk.
28911187	2	8	dep	subsp	203:207	arg1	study					171:175	this study	166:175	this study	166:175	In this study, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	3	9	theme	vehicles	368:375	arg1	one					352:354	one	352:354	one	352:354	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	3	9	theme	vehicles	368:375	arg1	vehicles					368:375	its food vehicles	359:375	its food vehicles	359:375	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	4	10	theme	BF052	476:480	arg1	basis					467:471	the genetic basis	455:471	the genetic basis of BF052	455:480	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	4	10	theme	BF052	476:480	arg1	starter					526:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	4	11	theme	BF052	410:414	arg1	sequence					398:405	The complete genome sequence	378:405	The complete genome sequence of BF052	378:414	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	6	12	from	strain	820:825	arg1	utilization					769:779	utilization	769:779	utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain	769:825	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	6	12	from	strain	820:825	arg1	responses					711:719	its adaptive responses	698:719	its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses	698:763	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	4	13	theme	technological	487:499	arg1	basis					467:471	the genetic basis	455:471	the genetic basis of BF052	455:480	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	4	13	theme	technological	487:499	arg1	starter					526:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	5	14	theme	G+C	622:624	arg1	content					626:632	a G+C content	620:632	a G+C content of 60.50%	620:642	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	6	15	theme	α-galacto-oligosaccharides	784:809	arg1	utilization					769:779	utilization	769:779	utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain	769:825	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	6	15	theme	α-galacto-oligosaccharides	784:809	arg1	responses					711:719	its adaptive responses	698:719	its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses	698:763	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	0	16	theme	Genome	0:5	arg1	analysis					7:14	Genome analysis	0:14	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	0:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	4	17	theme	genome	391:396	arg1	sequence					398:405	The complete genome sequence	378:405	The complete genome sequence of BF052	378:414	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	6	18	theme	relevant	670:677	arg1	genes					679:683	relevant genes	670:683	relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes	670:884	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	5	19	theme	circular	584:591	arg1	genome					593:598	a circular genome	582:598	a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%	582:642	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	0	20	theme	food-processing	19:33	arg1	animalis					81:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	1	21	from	application	129:139	arg1	soymilk					154:160	fermented soymilk	144:160	fermented soymilk	144:160	lactis BF052, and its potential application in fermented soymilk.
28911187	3	22	theme	lactis	210:215	arg1	starter					319:325	a probiotic starter	307:325	a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles	307:375	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	3	22	theme	lactis	210:215	arg1	BF052					217:221	lactis BF052	210:221	lactis BF052	210:221	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	6	23	theme	environmental	742:754	arg1	stresses					756:763	industrial and/or environmental stresses	724:763	industrial and/or environmental stresses	724:763	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	4	24	theme	genetic	459:465	arg1	basis					467:471	the genetic basis	455:471	the genetic basis of BF052	455:480	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	4	24	theme	genetic	459:465	arg1	starter					526:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	0	25	dep	subsp	90:94	arg1	analysis					7:14	Genome analysis	0:14	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	0:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	6	26	from	utilization	769:779	arg1	strain					820:825	BF052 strain	814:825	BF052 strain	814:825	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	0	27	theme	probiotic	55:63	arg1	animalis					81:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	2	28	theme	animalis	194:201	arg1	subsp					203:207	Bifidobacterium animalis subsp	178:207	Bifidobacterium animalis subsp	178:207	In this study, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	0	29	theme	stressful-resistant	35:53	arg1	animalis					81:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	2	30	theme	Bifidobacterium	178:192	arg1	subsp					203:207	Bifidobacterium animalis subsp	178:207	Bifidobacterium animalis subsp	178:207	In this study, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	6	31	from	α-galacto-oligosaccharides	784:809	arg1	strain					820:825	BF052 strain	814:825	BF052 strain	814:825	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	0	32	theme	animalis	81:88	arg1	analysis					7:14	Genome analysis	0:14	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	0:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	5	33	with	genome	593:598	arg1	content					626:632	a G+C content	620:632	a G+C content of 60.50%	620:642	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	0	34	theme	Bifidobacterium	65:79	arg1	animalis					81:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis	19:88	Genome analysis of food-processing stressful-resistant probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.
28911187	5	35	theme	BF052	564:568	arg1	sequence					552:559	The whole genome sequence	535:559	The whole genome sequence of BF052	535:568	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	3	36	from	capability	251:260	arg1	soymilk					265:271	soymilk	265:271	soymilk	265:271	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	6	37	theme	bifidobacterial	862:876	arg1	genomes					878:884	other representative bifidobacterial genomes	841:884	other representative bifidobacterial genomes	841:884	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	1	38	theme	fermented	144:152	arg1	soymilk					154:160	fermented soymilk	144:160	fermented soymilk	144:160	lactis BF052, and its potential application in fermented soymilk.
28911187	3	39	theme	probiotic	309:317	arg1	BF052					217:221	lactis BF052	210:221	lactis BF052	210:221	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	3	39	theme	probiotic	309:317	arg1	starter					319:325	a probiotic starter	307:325	a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles	307:375	lactis BF052 was demonstrated the growth capability in soymilk and could be thus supplemented as a probiotic starter that employed soymilk as one of its food vehicles.
28911187	6	40	theme	representative	847:860	arg1	genomes					878:884	other representative bifidobacterial genomes	841:884	other representative bifidobacterial genomes	841:884	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	6	41	theme	industrial	724:733	arg1	stresses					756:763	industrial and/or environmental stresses	724:763	industrial and/or environmental stresses	724:763	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	6	42	theme	other	841:845	arg1	genomes					878:884	other representative bifidobacterial genomes	841:884	other representative bifidobacterial genomes	841:884	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	4	43	theme	complete	382:389	arg1	sequence					398:405	The complete genome sequence	378:405	The complete genome sequence of BF052	378:414	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	6	44	from	responses	711:719	arg1	strain					820:825	BF052 strain	814:825	BF052 strain	814:825	This research highlights relevant genes involving in its adaptive responses to industrial and/or environmental stresses and utilization of α-galacto-oligosaccharides in BF052 strain compared with other representative bifidobacterial genomes.
28911187	4	45	theme	functional	505:514	arg1	basis					467:471	the genetic basis	455:471	the genetic basis of BF052	455:480	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	4	45	theme	functional	505:514	arg1	starter					526:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	a technological and functional probiotic starter	485:532	The complete genome sequence of BF052 was therefore determined to understand the genetic basis of BF052 as a technological and functional probiotic starter.
28911187	5	46	theme	whole	539:543	arg1	sequence					552:559	The whole genome sequence	535:559	The whole genome sequence of BF052	535:568	The whole genome sequence of BF052 consists of a circular genome of 1938 624 bp with a G+C content of 60.50%.
28911187	1	47	from	lactis	97:102	arg1	soymilk					154:160	fermented soymilk	144:160	fermented soymilk	144:160	lactis BF052, and its potential application in fermented soymilk.
25144382	9	0	theme	nanomaterials	1731:1743	arg1	design					1721:1726	design	1721:1726	design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1721:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	2	1	from	rates	396:400	arg1	proteins					362:369	the free proteins	353:369	the free proteins in the matrix at various rates	353:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	2	1	from	rates	396:400	arg1	matrix					378:383	the matrix	374:383	the matrix at various rates	374:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	7	2	theme	brief	1267:1271	arg1	investigation					1273:1285	A brief investigation	1265:1285	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1265:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	4	3	from	NPs	662:664	arg1	serum					684:688	human serum	678:688	human serum	678:688	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	5	4	theme	SPIONs	885:890	arg1	hydrophobicity					863:876	the surface hydrophobicity	851:876	the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm	851:920	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	5	5	theme	larger	1072:1077	arg1	portion					1079:1085	a larger portion	1070:1085	a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates	1070:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	7	6	from	effect	1294:1299	arg1	uptake					1317:1322	the cellular uptake	1304:1322	the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1304:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	9	7	theme	higher	1750:1755	arg1	biocompatibility					1757:1772	higher biocompatibility	1750:1772	higher biocompatibility	1750:1772	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	8	8	theme	dynamic	1529:1535	arg1	nature					1537:1542	a dynamic nature	1527:1542	a dynamic nature had negligible impact	1527:1564	The result showed that, only the stably bound transferrin could significantly enhance cellular uptake, while transferrin bound in a dynamic nature had negligible impact.
25144382	5	9	with	proteins	1103:1110	arg1	rates					1131:1135	fast exchange rates	1117:1135	fast exchange rates	1117:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	3	10	theme	hard	524:527	arg1	corona					529:534	the hard corona	520:534	the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates	520:583	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	1	11	theme	NP-cell	245:251	arg1	interactions					253:264	NP-cell interactions	245:264	NP-cell interactions	245:264	Nanoparticles (NPs) adsorb proteins when in the biological matrix, and the resulted protein corona could affect NP-cell interactions.
25144382	0	12	theme	dynamic	93:99	arg1	nature					101:106	dynamic nature	93:106	dynamic nature	93:106	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	7	13	theme	corona	1353:1358	arg1	transferrin					1369:1379	transferrin	1369:1379	transferrin	1369:1379	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	7	13	theme	corona	1353:1358	arg1	protein					1360:1366	one selected corona protein	1340:1366	one selected corona protein	1340:1366	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	4	14	theme	flow	705:708	arg1	fractionation					721:733	flow field-flow fractionation	705:733	flow field-flow fractionation	705:733	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	2	15	with	nature	292:297	arg1	proteins					317:324	the adsorbed proteins	304:324	the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates	304:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	6	16	theme	surface	1197:1203	arg1	ligand					1205:1210	the surface ligand	1193:1210	the surface ligand	1193:1210	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs but keeping the surface ligand the same could also result in a more dynamic corona.
25144382	5	17	dep	found	926:930	arg1	out					932:934	out	932:934	out	932:934	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	9	18	theme	biomedical	1812:1821	arg1	applications					1823:1834	biomedical applications	1812:1834	biomedical applications	1812:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	3	19	theme	exchanging	415:424	arg1	proteins					426:433	The rapidly exchanging proteins	403:433	The rapidly exchanging proteins	403:433	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	9	20	theme	corona	1693:1698	arg1	properties					1652:1661	the particle properties	1639:1661	the particle properties	1639:1661	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	9	20	theme	corona	1693:1698	arg1	nature					1679:1684	the dynamic nature	1667:1684	the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1667:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	5	21	theme	dynamic	1050:1056	arg1	corona					1058:1063	a more dynamic corona	1043:1063	a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates	1043:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	9	22	from	efficacy	1785:1792	arg1	biosystems					1797:1806	biosystems	1797:1806	biosystems for biomedical applications	1797:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	7	23	from	investigation	1273:1285	arg1	uptake					1317:1322	the cellular uptake	1304:1322	the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1304:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	6	24	dep	result	1232:1237	arg1	Increasing					1138:1147	Increasing	1138:1147	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs	1138:1179	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs but keeping the surface ligand the same could also result in a more dynamic corona.
25144382	6	24	dep	result	1232:1237	arg1	keeping					1185:1191	keeping	1185:1191	keeping the surface ligand	1185:1210	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs but keeping the surface ligand the same could also result in a more dynamic corona.
25144382	9	25	theme	dynamic	1671:1677	arg1	nature					1679:1684	the dynamic nature	1667:1684	the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1667:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	4	26	theme	exchange	824:831	arg1	rates					833:837	their exchange rates	818:837	their exchange rates	818:837	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	9	27	theme	particle	1643:1650	arg1	properties					1652:1661	the particle properties	1639:1661	the particle properties	1639:1661	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	5	28	theme	core	899:902	arg1	size					904:907	a core size	897:907	a core size around 10 nm	897:920	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	5	29	with	proteins	988:995	arg1	hydrophobicity					1017:1030	higher surface hydrophobicity	1002:1030	higher surface hydrophobicity	1002:1030	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	4	30	theme	superparamagnetic	633:649	arg1	NPs					662:664	the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs	629:664	the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum	629:688	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	4	30	theme	superparamagnetic	633:649	arg1	SPIONs					667:672	SPIONs	667:672	SPIONs	667:672	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	7	31	theme	selected	1344:1351	arg1	transferrin					1369:1379	transferrin	1369:1379	transferrin	1369:1379	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	7	31	theme	selected	1344:1351	arg1	protein					1360:1366	one selected corona protein	1340:1366	one selected corona protein	1340:1366	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	5	32	with	SPIONs	885:890	arg1	size					904:907	a core size	897:907	a core size around 10 nm	897:920	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	0	33	dep	composition	77:87	arg1	the					73:75	the	73:75	the	73:75	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	5	34	theme	fast	1117:1120	arg1	rates					1131:1135	fast exchange rates	1117:1135	fast exchange rates	1117:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	0	35	theme	corona	125:130	arg1	composition					77:87	composition	77:87	composition	77:87	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	0	35	theme	corona	125:130	arg1	nature					101:106	dynamic nature	93:106	dynamic nature	93:106	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	4	36	theme	corona	793:798	arg1	proteins					800:807	the corona proteins	789:807	the corona proteins based on their exchange rates	789:837	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	2	37	theme	dynamic	284:290	arg1	nature					292:297	a dynamic nature	282:297	a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates	282:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	6	38	theme	SPIONs	1174:1179	arg1	diameter					1158:1165	the core diameter	1149:1165	the core diameter of the SPIONs	1149:1179	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs but keeping the surface ligand the same could also result in a more dynamic corona.
25144382	1	39	theme	biological	181:190	arg1	matrix					192:197	the biological matrix	177:197	the biological matrix	177:197	Nanoparticles (NPs) adsorb proteins when in the biological matrix, and the resulted protein corona could affect NP-cell interactions.
25144382	0	40	theme	surface	9:15	arg1	functionalization					17:33	surface functionalization	9:33	surface functionalization	9:33	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	5	41	theme	exchange	1122:1129	arg1	rates					1131:1135	fast exchange rates	1117:1135	fast exchange rates	1117:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	0	42	theme	protein	117:123	arg1	corona					125:130	their protein corona	111:130	their protein corona	111:130	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	5	43	theme	surface	1009:1015	arg1	hydrophobicity					1017:1030	higher surface hydrophobicity	1002:1030	higher surface hydrophobicity	1002:1030	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	8	44	theme	bound	1437:1441	arg1	transferrin					1443:1453	only the stably bound transferrin	1421:1453	only the stably bound transferrin	1421:1453	The result showed that, only the stably bound transferrin could significantly enhance cellular uptake, while transferrin bound in a dynamic nature had negligible impact.
25144382	2	45	theme	free	357:360	arg1	proteins					362:369	the free proteins	353:369	the free proteins in the matrix at various rates	353:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	0	46	theme	iron	38:41	arg1	nanoparticles					49:61	iron oxide nanoparticles	38:61	iron oxide nanoparticles	38:61	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	2	47	contain	has	278:280	arg1	corona					271:276	The corona	267:276	The corona	267:276	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	2	47	contain	has	278:280	arg2	nature					292:297	a dynamic nature	282:297	a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates	282:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	6	48	theme	dynamic	1249:1255	arg1	corona					1257:1262	a more dynamic corona	1242:1262	a more dynamic corona	1242:1262	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs but keeping the surface ligand the same could also result in a more dynamic corona.
25144382	3	49	theme	exchange	570:577	arg1	rates					579:583	slow exchange rates	565:583	slow exchange rates	565:583	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	9	50	with	nanomaterials	1731:1743	arg1	biocompatibility					1757:1772	higher biocompatibility	1750:1772	higher biocompatibility	1750:1772	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	9	50	with	nanomaterials	1731:1743	arg1	efficacy					1785:1792	higher efficacy	1778:1792	higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1778:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	2	51	theme	various	388:394	arg1	rates					396:400	various rates	388:400	various rates	388:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	4	52	theme	oxide	656:660	arg1	NPs					662:664	the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs	629:664	the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum	629:688	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	4	52	theme	oxide	656:660	arg1	SPIONs					667:672	SPIONs	667:672	SPIONs	667:672	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	7	53	theme	cellular	1308:1315	arg1	uptake					1317:1322	the cellular uptake	1304:1322	the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1304:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	4	54	theme	present	593:599	arg1	study					601:605	the present study	589:605	the present study	589:605	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	7	55	theme	effect	1294:1299	arg1	investigation					1273:1285	A brief investigation	1265:1285	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1265:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	0	56	theme	nanoparticles	49:61	arg1	Size					0:3	Size	0:3	Size	0:3	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	0	56	theme	nanoparticles	49:61	arg1	functionalization					17:33	surface functionalization	9:33	surface functionalization	9:33	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	8	57	theme	cellular	1483:1490	arg1	uptake					1492:1497	cellular uptake	1483:1497	cellular uptake	1483:1497	The result showed that, only the stably bound transferrin could significantly enhance cellular uptake, while transferrin bound in a dynamic nature had negligible impact.
25144382	9	58	theme	relationship	1618:1629	arg1	understanding					1597:1609	a better understanding	1588:1609	a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1588:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	5	59	theme	surface	963:969	arg1	that					936:939	that	936:939	that	936:939	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	5	59	theme	surface	963:969	arg1	ligand					971:976	the more hydrophobic surface ligand	942:976	the more hydrophobic surface ligand	942:976	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	2	60	from	proteins	362:369	arg1	matrix					378:383	the matrix	374:383	the matrix at various rates	374:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	2	60	from	proteins	362:369	arg1	rates					396:400	various rates	388:400	various rates	388:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	0	61	theme	oxide	43:47	arg1	nanoparticles					49:61	iron oxide nanoparticles	38:61	iron oxide nanoparticles	38:61	Size and surface functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles influence the composition and dynamic nature of their protein corona.
25144382	5	62	theme	involved	1094:1101	arg1	proteins					1103:1110	the involved proteins	1090:1110	the involved proteins with fast exchange rates	1090:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	9	63	theme	better	1590:1595	arg1	understanding					1597:1609	a better understanding	1588:1609	a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1588:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	3	64	theme	slow	565:568	arg1	rates					579:583	slow exchange rates	565:583	slow exchange rates	565:583	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	4	65	theme	human	678:682	arg1	serum					684:688	human serum	678:688	human serum	678:688	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	5	66	theme	proteins	1103:1110	arg1	portion					1079:1085	a larger portion	1070:1085	a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates	1070:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	6	67	theme	core	1153:1156	arg1	diameter					1158:1165	the core diameter	1149:1165	the core diameter of the SPIONs	1149:1179	Increasing the core diameter of the SPIONs but keeping the surface ligand the same could also result in a more dynamic corona.
25144382	5	68	theme	hydrophobic	951:961	arg1	that					936:939	that	936:939	that	936:939	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	5	68	theme	hydrophobic	951:961	arg1	ligand					971:976	the more hydrophobic surface ligand	942:976	the more hydrophobic surface ligand	942:976	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	2	69	theme	adsorbed	308:315	arg1	proteins					317:324	the adsorbed proteins	304:324	the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates	304:400	The corona has a dynamic nature with the adsorbed proteins constantly exchanging with the free proteins in the matrix at various rates.
25144382	5	70	with	corona	1058:1063	arg1	portion					1079:1085	a larger portion	1070:1085	a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates	1070:1135	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	7	71	theme	SPIONs	1327:1332	arg1	uptake					1317:1322	the cellular uptake	1304:1322	the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1304:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	4	72	theme	field-flow	710:719	arg1	fractionation					721:733	flow field-flow fractionation	705:733	flow field-flow fractionation	705:733	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	5	73	theme	surface	855:861	arg1	hydrophobicity					863:876	the surface hydrophobicity	851:876	the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm	851:920	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	1	74	theme	resulted	208:215	arg1	corona					225:230	the resulted protein corona	204:230	the resulted protein corona	204:230	Nanoparticles (NPs) adsorb proteins when in the biological matrix, and the resulted protein corona could affect NP-cell interactions.
25144382	5	75	theme	higher	1002:1007	arg1	hydrophobicity					1017:1030	higher surface hydrophobicity	1002:1030	higher surface hydrophobicity	1002:1030	By varying the surface hydrophobicity of the SPIONs with a core size around 10 nm, we found out that, the more hydrophobic surface ligand attracted proteins with higher surface hydrophobicity and formed a more dynamic corona with a larger portion of the involved proteins with fast exchange rates.
25144382	3	76	theme	soft	447:450	arg1	corona					452:457	the soft corona	443:457	the soft corona	443:457	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	3	77	theme	environment	495:505	arg1	changes					507:513	environment changes	495:513	environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates	495:583	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	7	78	from	uptake	1317:1322	arg1	investigation					1273:1285	A brief investigation	1265:1285	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin,	1265:1380	A brief investigation of the effect on the cellular uptake of SPIONs using one selected corona protein, transferrin, was conducted.
25144382	1	79	theme	protein	217:223	arg1	corona					225:230	the resulted protein corona	204:230	the resulted protein corona	204:230	Nanoparticles (NPs) adsorb proteins when in the biological matrix, and the resulted protein corona could affect NP-cell interactions.
25144382	8	80	theme	negligible	1548:1557	arg1	impact					1559:1564	negligible impact	1548:1564	negligible impact	1548:1564	The result showed that, only the stably bound transferrin could significantly enhance cellular uptake, while transferrin bound in a dynamic nature had negligible impact.
25144382	9	81	from	biocompatibility	1757:1772	arg1	biosystems					1797:1806	biosystems	1797:1806	biosystems for biomedical applications	1797:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
25144382	3	82	with	ones	555:558	arg1	rates					579:583	slow exchange rates	565:583	slow exchange rates	565:583	The rapidly exchanging proteins compose the soft corona, which responds more dynamically to environment changes than the hard corona established by the ones with slow exchange rates.
25144382	4	83	theme	iron	651:654	arg1	NPs					662:664	the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs	629:664	the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum	629:688	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	4	83	theme	iron	651:654	arg1	SPIONs					667:672	SPIONs	667:672	SPIONs	667:672	In the present study, the corona formed on the superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) in human serum was studied by flow field-flow fractionation and ultracentrifugation, which rapidly differentiated the corona proteins based on their exchange rates.
25144382	9	84	theme	higher	1778:1783	arg1	efficacy					1785:1792	higher efficacy	1778:1792	higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications	1778:1834	Our study has led to a better understanding of the relationship between the particle properties and the dynamic nature of the corona, which can help with design of nanomaterials with higher biocompatibility and higher efficacy in biosystems for biomedical applications.
24354282	7	0	theme	CNC	1205:1207	arg1	content					1209:1215	the CNC content	1201:1215	the CNC content	1201:1215	E' increases with the CNC content and depends strongly on the processing method, which appears to influence the morphology of the SBR nanocomposites produced.
24354282	10	1	theme	CNC	1774:1776	arg1	network					1778:1784	the percolating CNC network	1758:1784	the percolating CNC network	1758:1784	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	8	2	dep	740	1486:1488	arg1	ca.					1482:1484	ca.	1482:1484	ca.	1482:1484	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	4	3	theme	percolating	890:900	arg1	network					902:908	a percolating network	888:908	a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran	888:949	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	10	4	theme	modest	1801:1806	arg1	swelling					1816:1823	modest aqueous swelling	1801:1823	modest aqueous swelling	1801:1823	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	11	5	theme	switching	1997:2005	arg1	kinetics					1977:1984	kinetics	1977:1984	kinetics of modulus switching	1977:2005	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	11	5	theme	switching	1997:2005	arg1	behavior					1964:1971	the swelling behavior	1951:1971	the swelling behavior	1951:1971	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	11	6	theme	hydrophobic	2130:2140	arg1	matrix					2146:2151	the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2126:2151	the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2126:2151	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	1	7	theme	SBR	239:241	arg1	matrix					244:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	9	8	theme	dramatic	1579:1586	arg1	reduction					1588:1596	a dramatic reduction	1577:1596	a dramatic reduction of E'	1577:1602	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	11	9	with	consistent	2008:2017	arg1	arrangements					2034:2045	different arrangements	2024:2045	different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2024:2151	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	10	10	theme	competitive	1829:1839	arg1	bonding					1850:1856	competitive hydrogen bonding	1829:1856	competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs	1829:1889	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	1	11	theme	Biomimetic	136:145	arg1	nanocomposites					175:188	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites	136:188	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton	136:320	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	9	12	dep	5	1642:1642	arg1	to					1639:1640	to	1639:1640	to	1639:1640	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	1	13	theme	rigid	255:259	arg1	CNCs					295:298	CNCs	295:298	CNCs	295:298	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	1	13	theme	rigid	255:259	arg1	nanocrystals					281:292	rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals	255:292	rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs)	255:299	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	2	14	theme	CNC	570:572	arg1	dispersions					574:584	aqueous CNC dispersions	562:584	aqueous CNC dispersions	562:584	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	8	15	theme	cast	1395:1398	arg1	samples					1400:1406	the solution cast samples	1382:1406	the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1382:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	10	16	with	swelling	1816:1823	arg1	CNCs					1886:1889	the CNCs	1882:1889	the CNCs	1882:1889	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	10	17	theme	water	1861:1865	arg1	molecules					1867:1875	water molecules	1861:1875	water molecules	1861:1875	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	1	18	theme	processing	433:442	arg1	history					444:450	processing history	433:450	processing history	433:450	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	9	19	theme	deionized	1560:1568	arg1	water					1570:1574	deionized water	1560:1574	deionized water	1560:1574	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	11	20	theme	preparation	1923:1933	arg1	method					1913:1918	the method	1909:1918	the method of preparation	1909:1933	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	8	21	theme	SBR	1421:1423	arg1	latex					1425:1429	an SBR latex	1418:1429	an SBR latex	1418:1429	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	7	22	theme	SBR	1313:1315	arg1	nanocomposites					1317:1330	the SBR nanocomposites	1309:1330	the SBR nanocomposites produced	1309:1339	E' increases with the CNC content and depends strongly on the processing method, which appears to influence the morphology of the SBR nanocomposites produced.
24354282	8	23	theme	highest	1346:1352	arg1	E					1354:1354	The highest E	1342:1354	The highest E' values	1342:1362	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	3	24	theme	second	647:652	arg1	method					654:659	The second method	643:659	The second method	643:659	The second method utilized the first protocol, but films were additionally compression-molded.
24354282	1	25	theme	hydrophobic	201:211	arg1	matrix					244:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	4	26	theme	third	742:746	arg1	method					748:753	The third method	738:753	The third method	738:753	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	0	27	theme	nanocrystals--processing	102:125	arg1	matters					127:133	styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters	63:133	matters	127:133	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites based on styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters.
24354282	1	28	theme	rubber	231:236	arg1	matrix					244:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	5	29	theme	materials	991:999	arg1	properties					973:982	The thermomechanical properties	952:982	The thermomechanical properties of the materials	952:999	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	2	30	theme	SBR	547:549	arg1	latex					551:555	an aqueous SBR latex	536:555	an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions	536:584	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	2	31	theme	processing	500:509	arg1	approach					511:518	The first processing approach	490:518	The first processing approach	490:518	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	11	32	theme	different	2024:2032	arg1	arrangements					2034:2045	different arrangements	2024:2045	different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2024:2151	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	0	33	theme	Water-responsive	0:15	arg1	nanocomposites					39:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites	0:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites	0:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites based on styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters.
24354282	5	34	theme	thermomechanical	956:971	arg1	properties					973:982	The thermomechanical properties	952:982	The thermomechanical properties of the materials	952:999	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	9	35	theme	20	1695:1696	arg1	%					1697:1697	%	1697:1697	%	1697:1697	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	8	36	theme	neat	1470:1473	arg1	SBR					1475:1477	the neat SBR	1466:1477	the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1466:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	8	37	contain	containing	1516:1525	arg1	nanocomposite					1502:1514	the nanocomposite	1498:1514	the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1498:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	8	37	contain	containing	1516:1525	arg2	CNCs					1535:1538	20% v/v CNCs	1527:1538	20% v/v CNCs	1527:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	4	38	theme	organogel	787:795	arg1	formation					768:776	the formation	764:776	the formation of a CNC organogel	764:795	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	0	39	theme	adaptive	30:37	arg1	nanocomposites					39:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites	0:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites	0:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites based on styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters.
24354282	9	40	theme	v/v	1699:1701	arg1	CNCs					1703:1706	20% v/v CNCs	1695:1706	20% v/v CNCs	1695:1706	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	1	41	theme	different	345:353	arg1	approaches					355:364	three different approaches	339:364	three different approaches	339:364	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	9	42	from	MPa	1644:1646	arg1	example					1622:1628	example	1622:1628	example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1622:1706	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	3	43	theme	first	674:678	arg1	protocol					680:687	the first protocol	670:687	the first protocol	670:687	The second method utilized the first protocol, but films were additionally compression-molded.
24354282	0	44	theme	styrene-butadiene	63:79	arg1	rubber					81:86	styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters	63:133	rubber	81:86	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites based on styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters.
24354282	7	45	theme	processing	1245:1254	arg1	method					1256:1261	the processing method	1241:1261	the processing method	1241:1261	E' increases with the CNC content and depends strongly on the processing method, which appears to influence the morphology of the SBR nanocomposites produced.
24354282	1	46	theme	cellulose	271:279	arg1	CNCs					295:298	CNCs	295:298	CNCs	295:298	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	1	46	theme	cellulose	271:279	arg1	nanocrystals					281:292	rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals	255:292	rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs)	255:299	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	5	47	theme	dynamic	1021:1027	arg1	DMTA					1058:1061	DMTA	1058:1061	DMTA	1058:1061	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	5	47	theme	dynamic	1021:1027	arg1	analysis					1048:1055	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	1021:1055	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)	1021:1062	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	6	48	theme	storage	1127:1133	arg1	moduli					1135:1140	much higher tensile storage moduli	1107:1140	much higher tensile storage moduli	1107:1140	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	6	48	theme	storage	1127:1133	arg1	E					1143:1143	E'	1143:1144	E'	1143:1144	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	8	49	theme	solution	1386:1393	arg1	samples					1400:1406	the solution cast samples	1382:1406	the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1382:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	5	50	theme	thermal	1040:1046	arg1	DMTA					1058:1061	DMTA	1058:1061	DMTA	1058:1061	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	5	50	theme	thermal	1040:1046	arg1	analysis					1048:1055	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	1021:1055	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)	1021:1062	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	6	51	theme	higher	1112:1117	arg1	moduli					1135:1140	much higher tensile storage moduli	1107:1140	much higher tensile storage moduli	1107:1140	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	6	51	theme	higher	1112:1117	arg1	E					1143:1143	E'	1143:1144	E'	1143:1144	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	8	52	theme	20	1527:1528	arg1	%					1529:1529	%	1529:1529	%	1529:1529	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	10	53	theme	network	1778:1784	arg1	disengagement					1741:1753	a disengagement	1739:1753	a disengagement of the percolating CNC network	1739:1784	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	10	53	theme	network	1778:1784	arg1	change					1714:1719	This change	1709:1719	This change	1709:1719	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	8	54	theme	v/v	1531:1533	arg1	CNCs					1535:1538	20% v/v CNCs	1527:1538	20% v/v CNCs	1527:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	10	55	theme	percolating	1762:1772	arg1	network					1778:1784	the percolating CNC network	1758:1784	the percolating CNC network	1758:1784	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	3	56	used	utilized	661:668	arg2	method					654:659	The second method	643:659	The second method	643:659	The second method utilized the first protocol, but films were additionally compression-molded.
24354282	6	57	theme	neat	1156:1159	arg1	SBR					1161:1163	the neat SBR	1152:1163	the neat SBR	1152:1163	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	4	58	with	exchange	811:818	arg1	acetone					825:831	acetone	825:831	acetone	825:831	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	11	59	theme	modulus	1989:1995	arg1	switching					1997:2005	modulus switching	1989:2005	modulus switching	1989:2005	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	4	60	theme	SBR	928:930	arg1	solutions					915:923	solutions	915:923	solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran	915:949	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	11	61	theme	SBR	2142:2144	arg1	matrix					2146:2151	the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2126:2151	the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2126:2151	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	10	62	theme	aqueous	1808:1814	arg1	swelling					1816:1823	modest aqueous swelling	1801:1823	modest aqueous swelling	1801:1823	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	4	63	from	tetrahydrofuran	935:949	arg1	solutions					915:923	solutions	915:923	solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran	915:949	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	2	64	theme	aqueous	562:568	arg1	dispersions					574:584	aqueous CNC dispersions	562:584	aqueous CNC dispersions	562:584	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	4	65	from	SBR	928:930	arg1	tetrahydrofuran					935:949	tetrahydrofuran	935:949	tetrahydrofuran	935:949	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	9	66	contain	containing	1684:1693	arg1	nanocomposite					1670:1682	the solution-cast nanocomposite	1652:1682	the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1652:1706	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	9	66	contain	containing	1684:1693	arg2	CNCs					1703:1706	20% v/v CNCs	1695:1706	20% v/v CNCs	1695:1706	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	1	67	theme	polymer	167:173	arg1	nanocomposites					175:188	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites	136:188	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton	136:320	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	9	68	from	submersion	1546:1555	arg1	water					1570:1574	deionized water	1560:1574	deionized water	1560:1574	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	10	69	theme	hydrogen	1841:1848	arg1	bonding					1850:1856	competitive hydrogen bonding	1829:1856	competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs	1829:1889	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	4	70	from	solutions	915:923	arg1	tetrahydrofuran					935:949	tetrahydrofuran	935:949	tetrahydrofuran	935:949	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	1	71	attach	isolated	301:308	arg2	matrix					244:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	1	71	attach	isolated	301:308	arg1	cotton					315:320	cotton	315:320	cotton	315:320	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	7	72	theme	nanocomposites	1317:1330	arg1	morphology					1295:1304	the morphology	1291:1304	the morphology of the SBR nanocomposites produced	1291:1339	E' increases with the CNC content and depends strongly on the processing method, which appears to influence the morphology of the SBR nanocomposites produced.
24354282	0	73	theme	cellulose	92:100	arg1	matters					127:133	styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters	63:133	matters	127:133	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites based on styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters.
24354282	6	74	theme	SBR	1172:1174	arg1	latex					1176:1180	the SBR latex	1168:1180	the SBR latex	1168:1180	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	10	75	theme	molecules	1867:1875	arg1	bonding					1850:1856	competitive hydrogen bonding	1829:1856	competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs	1829:1889	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	10	75	theme	molecules	1867:1875	arg1	swelling					1816:1823	modest aqueous swelling	1801:1823	modest aqueous swelling	1801:1823	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	11	76	theme	CNCs	2054:2057	arg1	arrangements					2034:2045	different arrangements	2024:2045	different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix	2024:2151	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	1	77	theme	styrene-butadiene	213:229	arg1	matrix					244:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix	199:249	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	1	78	dep	Biomimetic	136:145	arg1	stimuli-responsive					148:165	stimuli-responsive	148:165	stimuli-responsive	148:165	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
24354282	11	79	theme	water	2088:2092	arg1	absorption					2094:2103	water absorption	2088:2103	water absorption	2088:2103	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	2	80	theme	aqueous	539:545	arg1	latex					551:555	an aqueous SBR latex	536:555	an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions	536:584	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	4	81	theme	solvent	803:809	arg1	exchange					811:818	a solvent exchange	801:818	a solvent exchange with acetone	801:831	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	0	82	theme	mechanically	17:28	arg1	nanocomposites					39:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites	0:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites	0:52	Water-responsive mechanically adaptive nanocomposites based on styrene-butadiene rubber and cellulose nanocrystals--processing matters.
24354282	2	83	with	latex	551:555	arg1	dispersions					574:584	aqueous CNC dispersions	562:584	aqueous CNC dispersions	562:584	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	6	84	theme	dry	1072:1074	arg1	state					1076:1080	the dry state	1068:1080	the dry state	1068:1080	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	9	85	theme	%	1697:1697	arg1	v/v					1699:1701	20% v/v	1695:1701	20% v/v CNCs	1695:1706	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	4	86	theme	CNC	783:785	arg1	organogel					787:795	a CNC organogel	781:795	a CNC organogel	781:795	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	4	87	with	network	902:908	arg1	solutions					915:923	solutions	915:923	solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran	915:949	The third method involved the formation of a CNC organogel via a solvent exchange with acetone, followed by infusing this gel, in which the CNCs form a percolating network with solutions of SBR in tetrahydrofuran.
24354282	2	88	theme	first	494:498	arg1	approach					511:518	The first processing approach	490:518	The first processing approach	490:518	The first processing approach involved mixing an aqueous SBR latex with aqueous CNC dispersions, and films were subsequently formed by solution-casting.
24354282	8	89	theme	E	1354:1354	arg1	values					1357:1362	The highest E' values	1342:1362	The highest E' values	1342:1362	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	9	90	theme	solution-cast	1656:1668	arg1	nanocomposite					1670:1682	the solution-cast nanocomposite	1652:1682	the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs	1652:1706	Upon submersion in deionized water, a dramatic reduction of E' was observed, for example from 740 to 5 MPa for the solution-cast nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	11	91	theme	swelling	1955:1962	arg1	behavior					1964:1971	the swelling behavior	1951:1971	the swelling behavior	1951:1971	It is shown that the method of preparation also influenced the swelling behavior and kinetics of modulus switching, consistent with different arrangements of the CNCs, which serve as channels for water absorption and transport within the hydrophobic SBR matrix.
24354282	10	92	with	bonding	1850:1856	arg1	CNCs					1886:1889	the CNCs	1882:1889	the CNCs	1882:1889	This change is interpreted as a disengagement of the percolating CNC network, on account of modest aqueous swelling and competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules with the CNCs.
24354282	5	93	theme	mechanical	1029:1038	arg1	DMTA					1058:1061	DMTA	1058:1061	DMTA	1058:1061	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	5	93	theme	mechanical	1029:1038	arg1	analysis					1048:1055	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	1021:1055	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)	1021:1062	The thermomechanical properties of the materials were established by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA).
24354282	6	94	theme	tensile	1119:1125	arg1	moduli					1135:1140	much higher tensile storage moduli	1107:1140	much higher tensile storage moduli	1107:1140	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	6	94	theme	tensile	1119:1125	arg1	E					1143:1143	E'	1143:1144	E'	1143:1144	In the dry state, all nanocomposites show much higher tensile storage moduli, E', than the neat SBR or the SBR latex.
24354282	8	95	theme	%	1529:1529	arg1	v/v					1531:1533	20% v/v	1527:1533	20% v/v CNCs	1527:1538	The highest E' values were observed for the solution cast samples involving an SBR latex, where E' increased from 3 MPa for the neat SBR to ca. 740 MPa for the nanocomposite containing 20% v/v CNCs.
24354282	1	96	dep	rigid	255:259	arg1	rod-like					262:269	rod-like	262:269	rod-like	262:269	Biomimetic, stimuli-responsive polymer nanocomposites based on a hydrophobic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix and rigid, rod-like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) isolated from cotton were prepared by three different approaches, and their properties were studied and related to the composition, processing history, and exposure to water as a stimulus.
28376672	5	0	theme	good	807:810	arg1	vapor					818:822	good water vapor	807:822	good water vapor	807:822	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	6	1	theme	cytotoxicity	954:965	arg1	tests					985:989	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests	949:989	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests	949:989	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	4	2	theme	wound	734:738	arg1	models					740:745	in vitro and in vivo wound models	713:745	in vitro and in vivo wound models	713:745	We further verified biological function by using in vitro and in vivo wound models.
28376672	2	3	from	mechanisms	455:464	arg1	healing					511:517	wound healing	505:517	wound healing	505:517	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	4	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	394:411	arg1	acid = 8:2					351:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	4	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	394:411	arg1	acid = 2:8					413:422	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8	394:422	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8	394:422	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	5	5	theme	water	812:816	arg1	vapor					818:822	good water vapor	807:822	good water vapor	807:822	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	6	6	theme	Cell	949:952	arg1	cytotoxicity					954:965	Cell cytotoxicity	949:965	Cell cytotoxicity	949:965	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	8	7	theme	gelatin-hyaluronic	1345:1362	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	7	theme	gelatin-hyaluronic	1345:1362	arg1	dressings					1369:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	5	8	theme	wound	934:938	arg1	healing					940:946	wound healing	934:946	wound healing	934:946	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	1	9	theme	wound	173:177	arg1	healing					179:185	wound healing	173:185	wound healing	173:185	Excellent wound dressings maintain a warm and moist environment, thus accelerating wound healing.
28376672	8	10	from	applications	1474:1485	arg1	healing					1496:1502	wound healing	1490:1502	wound healing	1490:1502	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	7	11	theme	acid = 8:2	1276:1285	arg1	group					1287:1291	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group	1253:1291	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing	1253:1329	Animal wound models demonstrate that the hydrogels can effectively promote wound healing in vivo, in particular, the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing.
28376672	6	12	theme	proliferation	971:983	arg1	tests					985:989	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests	949:989	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests	949:989	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	3	13	theme	uptake	582:587	arg1	ability					589:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	14	theme	water	598:602	arg1	rate					623:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	1	15	theme	wound	100:104	arg1	dressings					106:114	Excellent wound dressings	90:114	Excellent wound dressings	90:114	Excellent wound dressings maintain a warm and moist environment, thus accelerating wound healing.
28376672	3	16	theme	dressing	547:554	arg1	properties					556:565	dressing properties	547:565	dressing properties	547:565	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	16	theme	dressing	547:554	arg1	rate					623:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	16	theme	dressing	547:554	arg1	ability					589:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	16	theme	dressing	547:554	arg1	rate					637:640	the rate	633:640	the rate of water evaporation	633:661	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	6	17	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	1050:1067	arg1	hydrogels					1080:1088	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1050:1088	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1050:1088	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	4	18	theme	in vivo	726:732	arg1	models					740:745	in vitro and in vivo wound models	713:745	in vitro and in vivo wound models	713:745	We further verified biological function by using in vitro and in vivo wound models.
28376672	2	19	dep	ratios	324:329	arg1	acid = 8:2					351:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	19	dep	ratios	324:329	arg1	acid = 5:5					382:391	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5	363:391	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5	363:391	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	19	dep	ratios	324:329	arg1	acid = 2:8					413:422	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8	394:422	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8	394:422	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	20	theme	carbodiimide	284:295	arg1	hydrochloride					297:309	ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride	252:309	ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8)	252:423	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	5	21	theme	uptake	788:793	arg1	ability					795:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	6	22	contain	have	1090:1093	arg1	hydrogels					1080:1088	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1050:1088	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1050:1088	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	6	22	contain	have	1090:1093	arg2	potential					1099:1107	the potential to promote cell proliferation	1095:1137	the potential to promote cell proliferation	1095:1137	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	1	23	theme	Excellent	90:98	arg1	dressings					106:114	Excellent wound dressings	90:114	Excellent wound dressings	90:114	Excellent wound dressings maintain a warm and moist environment, thus accelerating wound healing.
28376672	2	24	attach	cross-linked	206:217	arg3	study					196:200	this study	191:200	this study	191:200	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	7	25	theme	wound	1147:1151	arg1	models					1153:1158	Animal wound models	1140:1158	Animal wound models	1140:1158	Animal wound models demonstrate that the hydrogels can effectively promote wound healing in vivo, in particular, the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing.
28376672	4	26	theme	biological	684:693	arg1	function					695:702	biological function	684:702	biological function	684:702	We further verified biological function by using in vitro and in vivo wound models.
28376672	2	27	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	332:349	arg1	acid = 8:2					351:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	27	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	332:349	arg1	acid = 5:5					382:391	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5	363:391	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5	363:391	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	27	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	332:349	arg1	acid = 2:8					413:422	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8	394:422	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8	394:422	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	5	28	theme	adequate	900:907	arg1	environment					918:928	an adequate moisture environment	897:928	an adequate moisture environment	897:928	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	2	29	theme	hydrogels	492:500	arg1	mechanisms					455:464	mechanisms	455:464	mechanisms	455:464	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	29	theme	hydrogels	492:500	arg1	effects					443:449	effects	443:449	effects	443:449	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	0	30	theme	acid	33:36	arg1	composite					38:46	gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite	14:46	gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite	14:46	Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels for accelerating wound healing.
28376672	3	31	theme	transmission	610:621	arg1	rate					623:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	5	32	theme	moisture	909:916	arg1	environment					918:928	an adequate moisture environment	897:928	an adequate moisture environment	897:928	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	2	33	theme	acid	487:490	arg1	hydrogels					492:500	gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels	469:500	gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels	469:500	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	8	34	theme	wound	1490:1494	arg1	healing					1496:1502	wound healing	1490:1502	wound healing	1490:1502	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	35	theme	promising	1443:1451	arg1	outlook					1453:1459	a promising outlook	1441:1459	a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing	1441:1502	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	2	36	theme	gelatinhyaluronic	469:485	arg1	hydrogels					492:500	gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels	469:500	gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels	469:500	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	7	37	theme	Animal	1140:1145	arg1	models					1153:1158	Animal wound models	1140:1158	Animal wound models	1140:1158	Animal wound models demonstrate that the hydrogels can effectively promote wound healing in vivo, in particular, the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing.
28376672	2	38	theme	different	314:322	arg1	ratios					324:329	different ratios	314:329	different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8)	314:423	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	5	39	dep	ability	795:801	arg1	rate					837:840	transmission rate	824:840	transmission rate	824:840	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	6	40	theme	cell	1120:1123	arg1	proliferation					1125:1137	cell proliferation	1120:1137	cell proliferation	1120:1137	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	0	41	theme	composite	38:46	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite	0:46	Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels for accelerating wound healing.
28376672	5	42	theme	transmission	824:835	arg1	rate					837:840	transmission rate	824:840	transmission rate	824:840	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	2	43	theme	hyaluronic	231:240	arg1	acid					242:245	hyaluronic acid	231:245	hyaluronic acid	231:245	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	5	44	theme	water	854:858	arg1	evaporation					860:870	water evaporation	854:870	water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing	854:946	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	5	45	theme	evaporation	860:870	arg1	vapor					818:822	good water vapor	807:822	good water vapor	807:822	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	5	45	theme	evaporation	860:870	arg1	rate					846:849	rate	846:849	rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing	846:946	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	5	45	theme	evaporation	860:870	arg1	ability					795:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	6	46	contain	have	1015:1018	arg1	hydrogels					1005:1013	the hydrogels	1001:1013	the hydrogels	1001:1013	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	6	46	contain	have	1015:1018	arg2	cytotoxicity					1023:1034	no cytotoxicity	1020:1034	no cytotoxicity	1020:1034	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	8	47	theme	clinical	1465:1472	arg1	applications					1474:1485	clinical applications	1465:1485	clinical applications in wound healing	1465:1502	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	1	48	theme	warm	127:130	arg1	environment					142:152	a warm and moist environment	125:152	a warm and moist environment	125:152	Excellent wound dressings maintain a warm and moist environment, thus accelerating wound healing.
28376672	2	49	theme	wound	505:509	arg1	healing					511:517	wound healing	505:517	wound healing	505:517	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	7	50	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	1257:1274	arg1	group					1287:1291	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group	1253:1291	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing	1253:1329	Animal wound models demonstrate that the hydrogels can effectively promote wound healing in vivo, in particular, the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing.
28376672	2	51	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	363:380	arg1	acid = 8:2					351:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2	332:360	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	51	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	363:380	arg1	acid = 5:5					382:391	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5	363:391	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5	363:391	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	3	52	theme	vapor	604:608	arg1	rate					623:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	7	53	theme	wound	1215:1219	arg1	healing					1221:1227	wound healing in vivo	1215:1235	wound healing in vivo	1215:1235	Animal wound models demonstrate that the hydrogels can effectively promote wound healing in vivo, in particular, the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing.
28376672	3	54	theme	water	645:649	arg1	evaporation					651:661	water evaporation	645:661	water evaporation	645:661	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	2	55	theme	3-dimethylaminopropyl	261:281	arg1	hydrochloride					297:309	ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride	252:309	ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8)	252:423	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	56	dep	effects	443:449	arg1	the					439:441	the	439:441	the	439:441	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	1	57	theme	moist	136:140	arg1	environment					142:152	a warm and moist environment	125:152	a warm and moist environment	125:152	Excellent wound dressings maintain a warm and moist environment, thus accelerating wound healing.
28376672	5	58	theme	fluid	782:786	arg1	ability					795:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
28376672	3	59	theme	fluid	576:580	arg1	ability					589:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	60	theme	evaporation	651:661	arg1	rate					623:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	water vapor transmission rate	598:626	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	60	theme	evaporation	651:661	arg1	ability					589:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	fluid uptake ability	576:595	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	3	60	theme	evaporation	651:661	arg1	rate					637:640	the rate	633:640	the rate of water evaporation	633:661	This was done by examining dressing properties, such as fluid uptake ability, water vapor transmission rate, and the rate of water evaporation.
28376672	8	61	contain	have	1436:1439	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	61	contain	have	1436:1439	arg2	outlook					1453:1459	a promising outlook	1441:1459	a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing	1441:1502	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	61	contain	have	1436:1439	arg1	dressings					1369:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	62	theme	acid = 8:2	1414:1423	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	62	theme	acid = 8:2	1414:1423	arg1	dressings					1369:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	63	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	1395:1412	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	63	theme	gelatin/hyaluronic	1395:1412	arg1	dressings					1369:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	64	theme	acid	1364:1367	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1391:1433	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	8	64	theme	acid	1364:1367	arg1	dressings					1369:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings	1345:1377	Accordingly, gelatin-hyaluronic acid dressings, especially the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels, have a promising outlook for clinical applications in wound healing.
28376672	2	65	theme	ethyl-3-	252:259	arg1	hydrochloride					297:309	ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride	252:309	ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8)	252:423	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	66	from	effects	443:449	arg1	healing					511:517	wound healing	505:517	wound healing	505:517	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	2	67	from	hydrochloride	297:309	arg1	ratios					324:329	different ratios	314:329	different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8)	314:423	In this study, we cross-linked gelatin and hyaluronic acid with ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride in different ratios (gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 5:5, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 2:8), and explored the effects and mechanisms of gelatinhyaluronic acid hydrogels on wound healing.
28376672	6	68	theme	acid = 8:2	1069:1078	arg1	hydrogels					1080:1088	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1050:1088	gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels	1050:1088	Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation tests show that the hydrogels have no cytotoxicity, furthermore, gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 hydrogels have the potential to promote cell proliferation.
28376672	0	69	theme	wound	75:79	arg1	healing					81:87	wound healing	75:87	wound healing	75:87	Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels for accelerating wound healing.
28376672	0	70	theme	gelatin-hyaluronic	14:31	arg1	composite					38:46	gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite	14:46	gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite	14:46	Evaluation of gelatin-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels for accelerating wound healing.
28376672	4	71	theme	in vitro	713:720	arg1	models					740:745	in vitro and in vivo wound models	713:745	in vitro and in vivo wound models	713:745	We further verified biological function by using in vitro and in vivo wound models.
28376672	7	72	theme	rapid	1317:1321	arg1	healing					1323:1329	the most rapid healing	1308:1329	the most rapid healing	1308:1329	Animal wound models demonstrate that the hydrogels can effectively promote wound healing in vivo, in particular, the gelatin/hyaluronic acid = 8:2 group which promoted the most rapid healing.
28376672	5	73	theme	appropriate	770:780	arg1	ability					795:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	appropriate fluid uptake ability	770:801	The hydrogels display appropriate fluid uptake ability and good water vapor transmission rate and rate of water evaporation all of which can provide an adequate moisture environment for wound healing.
26298759	12	0	theme	SP	2010:2011	arg1	passage					2013:2019	SP passage	2010:2019	SP passage through the membrane	2010:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	8	1	theme	SAS	1378:1380	arg1	procedure					1365:1373	the Proc GLM procedure	1352:1373	the Proc GLM procedure of SAS	1352:1380	Experiments were replicated 3 times and the Proc GLM procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis.
26298759	12	2	from	protein	1920:1926	arg1	the					1931:1933	the	1931:1933	the	1931:1933	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	3	3	theme	milk	425:428	arg1	effects					409:415	the effects	405:415	the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	405:586	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	10	4	theme	MPC+L	1566:1570	arg1	LF					1560:1561	The LF	1556:1561	The LF of MPC+L	1556:1570	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	10	4	theme	MPC+L	1566:1570	arg1	lower					1576:1580	lower	1576:1580	lower	1576:1580	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	15	5	theme	skim	2244:2247	arg1	milk					2249:2252	skim milk	2244:2252	MPC instead of skim milk	2229:2252	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	4	6	theme	milk	710:713	arg1	content					694:700	the protein content	682:700	the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC)	682:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	9	7	theme	soluble	1539:1545	arg1	calcium					1547:1553	soluble calcium	1539:1553	soluble calcium	1539:1553	An increase in LF between skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) and MPC+L (124 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) was associated with a reduction in soluble calcium.
26298759	3	8	theme	lactose	450:456	arg1	concentrations					458:471	lactose concentrations	450:471	lactose concentrations	450:471	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	4	9	theme	reverse	720:726	arg1	water					736:740	reverse osmosis water	720:740	reverse osmosis water (MPC)	720:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	9	theme	reverse	720:726	arg1	MPC					743:745	MPC	743:745	MPC	743:745	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	15	10	theme	protein	2319:2325	arg1	composition					2327:2337	the permeate protein composition	2306:2337	the permeate protein composition	2306:2337	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	15	10	theme	protein	2319:2325	arg1	higher					2356:2361	higher	2356:2361	higher	2356:2361	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	3	11	from	effects	409:415	arg1	LF					497:498	LF	497:498	LF	497:498	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	11	from	effects	409:415	arg1	fluxes					489:494	the limiting fluxes	476:494	the limiting fluxes (LF)	476:499	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	11	from	effects	409:415	arg1	factors					532:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	11	12	dep	Permeates	1674:1682	arg1	contained					1716:1724	contained	1716:1724	contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L	1716:1865	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	11	12	dep	Permeates	1674:1682	arg1	produced					1684:1691	produced	1684:1691	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L	1674:1714	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	6	13	theme	transmembrane	1106:1118	arg1	pressure					1120:1127	transmembrane pressure	1106:1127	transmembrane pressure	1106:1127	The LF for each feed was determined by increasing flux once per hour from 55 kg·m(-2)·h(-1) until flux did not increase with increasing transmembrane pressure.
26298759	3	14	theme	limiting	480:487	arg1	LF					497:498	LF	497:498	LF	497:498	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	14	theme	limiting	480:487	arg1	fluxes					489:494	the limiting fluxes	476:494	the limiting fluxes (LF)	476:499	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	9	15	from	increase	1420:1427	arg1	LF					1432:1433	LF	1432:1433	LF between skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) and MPC+L (124 kg·m(-2)·h(-1))	1432:1502	An increase in LF between skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) and MPC+L (124 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) was associated with a reduction in soluble calcium.
26298759	6	16	theme	kg·m	1047:1050	arg1	·h					1055:1056	55 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)	1044:1060	55 kg·m(-2)·h(-1) until flux	1044:1071	The LF for each feed was determined by increasing flux once per hour from 55 kg·m(-2)·h(-1) until flux did not increase with increasing transmembrane pressure.
26298759	11	17	theme	reduced-calcium	1825:1839	arg1	sera					1841:1844	the reduced-calcium sera	1821:1844	the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L	1821:1865	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	4	18	theme	lactose	873:879	arg1	MPC+L					894:898	MPC+L	894:898	MPC+L	894:898	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	18	theme	lactose	873:879	arg1	monohydrate					881:891	lactose monohydrate	873:891	lactose monohydrate (MPC+L)	873:899	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	13	19	from	differences	2046:2056	arg1	factors					2072:2078	SP removal factors	2061:2078	SP removal factors	2061:2078	No differences in SP removal factors were detected among the 3 feeds below the LF.
26298759	12	20	theme	SP	1870:1871	arg1	factor					1881:1886	A SP removal factor	1868:1886	A SP removal factor	1868:1886	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	13	21	dep	3	2104:2104	arg1	feeds					2106:2110	feeds	2106:2110	feeds	2106:2110	No differences in SP removal factors were detected among the 3 feeds below the LF.
26298759	11	22	dep	MPC	1702:1704	arg1	the					1698:1700	the	1698:1700	the	1698:1700	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	15	23	theme	membrane	2279:2286	arg1	area					2296:2299	the required membrane surface area	2266:2299	the required membrane surface area	2266:2299	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	4	24	theme	liquid	753:758	arg1	MPC85					760:764	liquid MPC85	753:764	liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L)	753:899	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	25	theme	different	611:619	arg1	milks					621:625	3 different milks	609:625	3 different milks	609:625	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	26	theme	lactose	812:818	arg1	contents					820:827	the protein and lactose contents	796:827	contents	820:827	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	10	27	theme	kg·m	1606:1609	arg1	·h					1614:1615	137 kg·m(-2)·h	1602:1615	137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)	1602:1619	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	10	27	theme	kg·m	1606:1609	arg1	-1					1617:1618	-1	1617:1618	-1	1617:1618	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	6	28	from	·h	1055:1056	arg1	flux					1020:1023	flux	1020:1023	flux once per hour from 55 kg·m(-2)·h(-1) until flux	1020:1071	The LF for each feed was determined by increasing flux once per hour from 55 kg·m(-2)·h(-1) until flux did not increase with increasing transmembrane pressure.
26298759	15	29	theme	Feeding	2204:2210	arg1	system					2217:2222	Feeding a MF system	2204:2222	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk	2204:2252	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	1	30	theme	calcium	131:137	arg1	tendency					119:126	The tendency	115:126	The tendency of calcium to promote microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling	115:186	The tendency of calcium to promote microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling is well documented, but the role of lactose has not been studied.
26298759	7	31	from	concentration	1197:1209	arg1	loop					1242:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	0	32	theme	serum	59:63	arg1	removal					73:79	serum protein removal	59:79	serum protein removal	59:79	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	4	33	with	milk	710:713	arg1	water					736:740	reverse osmosis water	720:740	reverse osmosis water (MPC)	720:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	33	with	milk	710:713	arg1	MPC					743:745	MPC	743:745	MPC	743:745	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	10	34	dep	MPC	1597:1599	arg1	·h					1614:1615	137 kg·m(-2)·h	1602:1615	137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)	1602:1619	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	10	34	dep	MPC	1597:1599	arg1	-1					1617:1618	-1	1617:1618	-1	1617:1618	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	4	35	theme	liquid	639:644	arg1	MPC85					646:650	liquid MPC85	639:650	liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC)	639:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	7	36	theme	retentate	1218:1226	arg1	loop					1242:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	4	37	theme	protein	800:806	arg1	contents					820:827	the protein and lactose contents	796:827	contents	820:827	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	0	38	theme	skim	88:91	arg1	microfiltration					98:112	skim milk microfiltration	88:112	skim milk microfiltration	88:112	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	15	39	theme	MF	2214:2215	arg1	system					2217:2222	Feeding a MF system	2204:2222	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk	2204:2252	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	3	40	dep	milk	425:428	arg1	calcium					438:444	soluble calcium	430:444	soluble calcium	430:444	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	7	41	from	drop	1152:1155	arg1	loop					1242:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	2	42	theme	skim	361:364	arg1	milk					366:369	skim milk	361:369	skim milk	361:369	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	11	43	from	micelles	1807:1814	arg1	transfer					1778:1785	the transfer	1774:1785	the transfer of caseins from the micelles	1774:1814	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	11	44	dep	milk	1753:1756	arg1	permeate					1758:1765	permeate	1758:1765	permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L	1758:1865	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	0	45	theme	soluble	10:16	arg1	calcium					18:24	soluble calcium	10:24	soluble calcium	10:24	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	4	46	theme	milk	837:840	arg1	contents					820:827	the protein and lactose contents	796:827	contents	820:827	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	12	47	theme	permeate	1957:1964	arg1	portion					1966:1972	the permeate portion	1953:1972	the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane	1953:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	3	48	theme	0.1-µm	543:548	arg1	membranes					578:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	4	49	theme	protein	686:692	arg1	content					694:700	the protein content	682:700	the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC)	682:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	13	50	theme	SP	2061:2062	arg1	factors					2072:2078	SP removal factors	2061:2078	SP removal factors	2061:2078	No differences in SP removal factors were detected among the 3 feeds below the LF.
26298759	11	51	theme	skim	1748:1751	arg1	milk					1753:1756	the skim milk	1744:1756	the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L	1744:1865	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	7	52	theme	±	1290:1290	arg1	%					1295:1295	8.77 ± 0.2%	1285:1295	8.77 ± 0.2%	1285:1295	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	4	53	theme	reverse	847:853	arg1	water					863:867	reverse osmosis water	847:867	reverse osmosis water	847:867	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	14	54	theme	removal	2162:2168	arg1	factors					2170:2176	SP removal factors	2159:2176	SP removal factors	2159:2176	As the fluxes approached the LF, SP removal factors decreased due to fouling.
26298759	3	55	theme	membranes	578:586	arg1	LF					497:498	LF	497:498	LF	497:498	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	55	theme	membranes	578:586	arg1	fluxes					489:494	the limiting fluxes	476:494	the limiting fluxes (LF)	476:499	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	55	theme	membranes	578:586	arg1	factors					532:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	2	56	theme	85	287:288	arg1	%					289:289	%	289:289	%	289:289	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	3	57	theme	graded	558:563	arg1	membranes					578:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	58	theme	soluble	430:436	arg1	calcium					438:444	soluble calcium	430:444	soluble calcium	430:444	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	12	59	theme	passage	2013:2019	arg1	ease					2002:2005	the ease	1998:2005	the ease of SP passage through the membrane	1998:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	8	60	theme	GLM	1361:1363	arg1	procedure					1365:1373	the Proc GLM procedure	1352:1373	the Proc GLM procedure of SAS	1352:1380	Experiments were replicated 3 times and the Proc GLM procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis.
26298759	3	61	theme	skim	420:423	arg1	milk					425:428	skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations	420:471	milk	425:428	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	4	62	theme	osmosis	728:734	arg1	water					736:740	reverse osmosis water	720:740	reverse osmosis water (MPC)	720:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	62	theme	osmosis	728:734	arg1	MPC					743:745	MPC	743:745	MPC	743:745	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	10	63	theme	higher	1633:1638	arg1	viscosity					1640:1648	the higher viscosity	1629:1648	the higher viscosity contributed by lactose	1629:1671	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	11	64	dep	MPC	1853:1855	arg1	the					1849:1851	the	1849:1851	the	1849:1851	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	3	65	theme	concentrations	458:471	arg1	effects					409:415	the effects	405:415	the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	405:586	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	1	66	theme	lactose	224:230	arg1	role					216:219	the role	212:219	the role of lactose	212:230	The tendency of calcium to promote microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling is well documented, but the role of lactose has not been studied.
26298759	2	67	from	protein	291:297	arg1	MPC85					315:319	MPC85	315:319	MPC85	315:319	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	2	67	from	protein	291:297	arg1	basis					308:312	a dry basis	302:312	a dry basis (MPC85)	302:320	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	9	68	from	reduction	1526:1534	arg1	calcium					1547:1553	soluble calcium	1539:1553	soluble calcium	1539:1553	An increase in LF between skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) and MPC+L (124 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) was associated with a reduction in soluble calcium.
26298759	8	69	used	used	1386:1389	arg2	procedure					1365:1373	the Proc GLM procedure	1352:1373	the Proc GLM procedure of SAS	1352:1380	Experiments were replicated 3 times and the Proc GLM procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis.
26298759	1	70	theme	microfiltration	150:164	arg1	fouling					180:186	microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling	150:186	microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling	150:186	The tendency of calcium to promote microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling is well documented, but the role of lactose has not been studied.
26298759	7	71	theme	recirculation	1228:1240	arg1	loop					1242:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	4	72	theme	skim	705:708	arg1	milk					710:713	skim milk	705:713	skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC)	705:746	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	73	with	milk	837:840	arg1	MPC+L					894:898	MPC+L	894:898	MPC+L	894:898	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	73	with	milk	837:840	arg1	water					863:867	reverse osmosis water	847:867	reverse osmosis water	847:867	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	4	73	with	milk	837:840	arg1	monohydrate					881:891	lactose monohydrate	873:891	lactose monohydrate (MPC+L)	873:899	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	7	74	theme	protein	1189:1195	arg1	concentration					1197:1209	protein concentration	1189:1209	protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop	1189:1245	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	2	75	theme	protein	259:265	arg1	concentrate					267:277	Milk protein concentrate	254:277	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85)	254:320	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	1	76	theme	membrane	171:178	arg1	fouling					180:186	microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling	150:186	microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling	150:186	The tendency of calcium to promote microfiltration (MF) membrane fouling is well documented, but the role of lactose has not been studied.
26298759	9	77	theme	skim	1443:1446	arg1	milk					1448:1451	skim milk	1443:1451	skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1))	1443:1471	An increase in LF between skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) and MPC+L (124 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) was associated with a reduction in soluble calcium.
26298759	9	77	theme	skim	1443:1446	arg1	kg·m					1457:1460	91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)	1454:1470	91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)	1454:1470	An increase in LF between skim milk (91 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) and MPC+L (124 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) was associated with a reduction in soluble calcium.
26298759	15	78	theme	permeate	2310:2317	arg1	composition					2327:2337	the permeate protein composition	2306:2337	the permeate protein composition	2306:2337	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	15	78	theme	permeate	2310:2317	arg1	higher					2356:2361	higher	2356:2361	higher	2356:2361	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	15	79	theme	surface	2288:2294	arg1	area					2296:2299	the required membrane surface area	2266:2299	the required membrane surface area	2266:2299	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	12	80	theme	removal	1873:1879	arg1	factor					1881:1886	A SP removal factor	1868:1886	A SP removal factor	1868:1886	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	7	81	theme	membrane	1168:1175	arg1	length					1177:1182	the membrane length	1164:1182	the membrane length	1164:1182	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	12	82	theme	feed	1981:1984	arg1	portion					1966:1972	the permeate portion	1953:1972	the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane	1953:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	10	83	theme	MPC	1597:1599	arg1	LF					1591:1592	the LF	1587:1592	the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose	1587:1671	The LF of MPC+L was lower than the LF of MPC (137 kg·m(-2)·h(-1)) due to the higher viscosity contributed by lactose.
26298759	12	84	from	SP	1947:1948	arg1	portion					1966:1972	the permeate portion	1953:1972	the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane	1953:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	15	85	theme	required	2270:2277	arg1	area					2296:2299	the required membrane surface area	2266:2299	the required membrane surface area	2266:2299	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	7	86	theme	pressure	1143:1150	arg1	drop					1152:1155	pressure drop	1143:1155	pressure drop across the membrane length	1143:1182	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	3	87	theme	protein	511:517	arg1	factors					532:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	15	88	theme	casein	2366:2371	arg1	content					2373:2379	casein content	2366:2379	casein content	2366:2379	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	12	89	theme	true	1915:1918	arg1	protein					1920:1926	true protein	1915:1926	true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane	1915:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	0	90	theme	protein	65:71	arg1	removal					73:79	serum protein removal	59:79	serum protein removal	59:79	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	5	91	theme	feed	959:962	arg1	tank					964:967	the feed tank	955:967	the feed tank	955:967	Retentate and permeate were continuously recycled to the feed tank.
26298759	12	92	dep	the	1931:1933	arg1	permeate					1935:1942	permeate	1935:1942	permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane	1935:2040	A SP removal factor was calculated by dividing true protein in the permeate by SP in the permeate portion of the feed to describe the ease of SP passage through the membrane.
26298759	2	93	theme	Milk	254:257	arg1	concentrate					267:277	Milk protein concentrate	254:277	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85)	254:320	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	11	94	theme	caseins	1790:1796	arg1	transfer					1778:1785	the transfer	1774:1785	the transfer of caseins from the micelles	1774:1814	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	0	95	theme	milk	93:96	arg1	microfiltration					98:112	skim milk microfiltration	88:112	skim milk microfiltration	88:112	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	7	96	from	Temperature	1130:1140	arg1	loop					1242:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	the retentate recirculation loop	1214:1245	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	4	97	theme	osmosis	855:861	arg1	water					863:867	reverse osmosis water	847:867	reverse osmosis water	847:867	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	0	98	theme	calcium	18:24	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.	0:113	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	4	99	theme	skim	628:631	arg1	milk					633:636	skim milk	628:636	skim milk	628:636	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	0	100	theme	lactose	30:36	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.	0:113	Effect of soluble calcium and lactose on limiting flux and serum protein removal during skim milk microfiltration.
26298759	4	101	theme	skim	832:835	arg1	milk					837:840	skim milk	832:840	skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L)	832:899	The MF was fed with 3 different milks: skim milk, liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein content of skim milk with reverse osmosis water (MPC), and liquid MPC85 that had been standardized to the protein and lactose contents of skim milk with reverse osmosis water and lactose monohydrate (MPC+L).
26298759	3	102	theme	removal	524:530	arg1	factors					532:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	2	103	dep	less	331:334	arg1	calcium					336:342	calcium	336:342	calcium	336:342	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	2	103	dep	less	331:334	arg1	lactose					348:354	lactose	348:354	lactose	348:354	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	13	104	theme	removal	2064:2070	arg1	factors					2072:2078	SP removal factors	2061:2078	SP removal factors	2061:2078	No differences in SP removal factors were detected among the 3 feeds below the LF.
26298759	15	105	with	system	2217:2222	arg1	MPC					2229:2231	MPC	2229:2231	MPC instead of skim milk	2229:2252	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	15	105	with	system	2217:2222	arg1	milk					2249:2252	skim milk	2244:2252	MPC instead of skim milk	2229:2252	Feeding a MF system with MPC instead of skim milk will reduce the required membrane surface area, but the permeate protein composition will be slightly higher in casein content.
26298759	3	106	theme	permeability	565:576	arg1	membranes					578:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	2	107	theme	%	289:289	arg1	protein					291:297	85% protein	287:297	85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85)	287:320	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	8	108	theme	statistical	1395:1405	arg1	analysis					1407:1414	statistical analysis	1395:1414	statistical analysis	1395:1414	Experiments were replicated 3 times and the Proc GLM procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis.
26298759	7	109	theme	8.77	1285:1288	arg1	%					1295:1295	8.77 ± 0.2%	1285:1295	8.77 ± 0.2%	1285:1295	Temperature, pressure drop across the membrane length, and protein concentration in the retentate recirculation loop were maintained at 50°C, 220 kPa, and 8.77 ± 0.2%, respectively.
26298759	3	110	theme	serum	505:509	arg1	SP					520:521	SP	520:521	SP	520:521	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	3	110	theme	serum	505:509	arg1	protein					511:517	serum protein	505:517	serum protein (SP) removal factors	505:538	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	14	111	theme	SP	2159:2160	arg1	factors					2170:2176	SP removal factors	2159:2176	SP removal factors	2159:2176	As the fluxes approached the LF, SP removal factors decreased due to fouling.
26298759	11	112	theme	MPC+L	1861:1865	arg1	sera					1841:1844	the reduced-calcium sera	1821:1844	the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L	1821:1865	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	8	113	theme	Proc	1356:1359	arg1	procedure					1365:1373	the Proc GLM procedure	1352:1373	the Proc GLM procedure of SAS	1352:1380	Experiments were replicated 3 times and the Proc GLM procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis.
26298759	3	114	theme	ceramic	550:556	arg1	membranes					578:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes	543:586	Our objectives were to determine the effects of skim milk soluble calcium and lactose concentrations on the limiting fluxes (LF) and serum protein (SP) removal factors of 0.1-µm ceramic graded permeability membranes.
26298759	11	115	theme	MPC	1853:1855	arg1	sera					1841:1844	the reduced-calcium sera	1821:1844	the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L	1821:1865	Permeates produced from the MPC and MPC+L contained more protein than the skim milk permeate due to the transfer of caseins from the micelles into the reduced-calcium sera of the MPC and MPC+L.
26298759	2	116	theme	dry	304:306	arg1	MPC85					315:319	MPC85	315:319	MPC85	315:319	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
26298759	2	116	theme	dry	304:306	arg1	basis					308:312	a dry basis	302:312	a dry basis (MPC85)	302:320	Milk protein concentrate that is 85% protein on a dry basis (MPC85) contains less calcium and lactose than skim milk.
27282557	4	0	theme	less	604:607	arg1	sizes					598:602	particle sizes	589:602	particle sizes less than 0.250mm	589:620	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	1	1	from	hydrolysis	176:185	arg1	30°C					214:217	30°C	214:217	30°C	214:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	1	from	hydrolysis	176:185	arg1	acid					206:209	72% wt sulfuric acid	190:209	72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	190:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	0	2	theme	poplar	77:82	arg1	analysis					65:72	composition analysis	53:72	composition analysis of poplar	53:82	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.
27282557	3	3	from	effects	429:435	arg1	composition					522:532	composition	522:532	composition	522:532	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	6	4	theme	hydrolysis	1018:1027	arg1	stage					1029:1033	the primary hydrolysis stage	1006:1033	the primary hydrolysis stage	1006:1033	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
27282557	3	5	theme	separation	468:477	arg1	effects					429:435	the effects	425:435	the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition	425:532	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	1	6	theme	secondary	238:246	arg1	hydrolysis					248:257	secondary hydrolysis	238:257	secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	238:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	6	7	contain	had	898:900	arg1	solids					861:866	separating solids	850:866	separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis	850:896	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
27282557	6	7	contain	had	898:900	arg2	effect					913:918	negligible effect	902:918	negligible effect	902:918	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
27282557	4	8	theme	Klason	681:686	arg1	lignin					688:693	the Klason lignin	677:693	the Klason lignin	677:693	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	3	9	theme	secondary	498:506	arg1	hydrolysis					508:517	secondary hydrolysis	498:517	secondary hydrolysis	498:517	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	1	10	from	slurry	266:271	arg1	121°C					289:293	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	6	11	theme	primary	1010:1016	arg1	stage					1029:1033	the primary hydrolysis stage	1006:1033	the primary hydrolysis stage	1006:1033	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
27282557	4	12	theme	particle	589:596	arg1	sizes					598:602	particle sizes	589:602	particle sizes less than 0.250mm	589:620	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	1	13	theme	primary	168:174	arg1	hydrolysis					176:185	primary hydrolysis	168:185	two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	157:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	4	14	theme	soluble	738:744	arg1	contents					753:760	acid soluble lignin contents	733:760	acid soluble lignin contents	733:760	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	1	15	contain	has	153:155	arg2	steps					161:165	two steps	157:165	two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	157:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	15	contain	has	153:155	arg1	procedure					103:111	The NREL standard procedure	85:111	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition	85:151	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	16	dep	steps	161:165	arg1	hydrolysis					176:185	primary hydrolysis	168:185	two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	157:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	2	17	theme	NREL	331:334	arg1	procedure					336:344	the NREL procedure	327:344	the NREL procedure	327:344	Although pointed out in the NREL procedure, the impact of particle size on composition has never been shown.
27282557	1	18	theme	NREL	89:92	arg1	procedure					103:111	The NREL standard procedure	85:111	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition	85:151	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	19	theme	72	190:191	arg1	%					192:192	%	192:192	%	192:192	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	0	20	theme	acid	23:26	arg1	procedure					39:47	two-step acid hydrolysis procedure	14:47	two-step acid hydrolysis procedure	14:47	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.
27282557	6	21	theme	secondary	877:885	arg1	hydrolysis					887:896	secondary hydrolysis	877:896	secondary hydrolysis	877:896	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
27282557	1	22	theme	standard	94:101	arg1	procedure					103:111	The NREL standard procedure	85:111	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition	85:151	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	23	theme	%	192:192	arg1	acid					206:209	72% wt sulfuric acid	190:209	72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	190:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	0	24	theme	two-step	14:21	arg1	procedure					39:47	two-step acid hydrolysis procedure	14:47	two-step acid hydrolysis procedure	14:47	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.
27282557	1	25	theme	slurry	266:271	arg1	hydrolysis					248:257	secondary hydrolysis	238:257	secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	238:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	26	from	hydrolysis	248:257	arg1	121°C					289:293	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	3	27	dep	hydrolysis	448:457	arg1	time					459:462	time	459:462	time	459:462	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	5	28	theme	primary	794:800	arg1	time					813:816	primary hydrolysis time	794:816	primary hydrolysis time between 30 and 90min	794:837	Composition was unaffected for primary hydrolysis time between 30 and 90min.
27282557	1	29	theme	wt	194:195	arg1	acid					206:209	72% wt sulfuric acid	190:209	72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	190:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	0	30	theme	procedure	39:47	arg1	Robustness					0:9	Robustness	0:9	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.	0:83	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.
27282557	4	31	theme	lignin	746:751	arg1	contents					753:760	acid soluble lignin contents	733:760	acid soluble lignin contents	733:760	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	1	32	theme	sulfuric	197:204	arg1	acid					206:209	72% wt sulfuric acid	190:209	72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	190:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	0	33	theme	hydrolysis	28:37	arg1	procedure					39:47	two-step acid hydrolysis procedure	14:47	two-step acid hydrolysis procedure	14:47	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.
27282557	1	34	theme	4wt	276:278	arg1	121°C					289:293	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	0	35	theme	composition	53:63	arg1	analysis					65:72	composition analysis	53:72	composition analysis of poplar	53:82	Robustness of two-step acid hydrolysis procedure for composition analysis of poplar.
27282557	1	36	theme	%	279:279	arg1	121°C					289:293	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	4	37	theme	acid	733:736	arg1	contents					753:760	acid soluble lignin contents	733:760	acid soluble lignin contents	733:760	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	1	38	theme	acid	281:284	arg1	121°C					289:293	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	39	theme	lignocellulosic	117:131	arg1	composition					141:151	lignocellulosic biomass composition	117:151	lignocellulosic biomass composition	117:151	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	40	theme	at	286:287	arg1	121°C					289:293	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	41	theme	biomass	133:139	arg1	composition					141:151	lignocellulosic biomass composition	117:151	lignocellulosic biomass composition	117:151	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	3	42	theme	solids	482:487	arg1	separation					468:477	separation	468:477	separation of solids	468:487	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	3	42	theme	solids	482:487	arg1	hydrolysis					448:457	primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids	440:487	hydrolysis	448:457	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	6	43	theme	negligible	902:911	arg1	effect					913:918	negligible effect	902:918	negligible effect	902:918	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
27282557	1	44	from	30°C	214:217	arg1	hydrolysis					176:185	primary hydrolysis	168:185	two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	157:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	44	from	30°C	214:217	arg1	acid					206:209	72% wt sulfuric acid	190:209	72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C	190:217	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	2	45	from	impact	351:356	arg1	composition					378:388	composition	378:388	composition	378:388	Although pointed out in the NREL procedure, the impact of particle size on composition has never been shown.
27282557	5	46	theme	hydrolysis	802:811	arg1	time					813:816	primary hydrolysis time	794:816	primary hydrolysis time between 30 and 90min	794:837	Composition was unaffected for primary hydrolysis time between 30 and 90min.
27282557	4	47	theme	glucan	648:653	arg1	content					655:661	the glucan content	644:661	the glucan content	644:661	Using poplar, it was found that particle sizes less than 0.250mm significantly lowered the glucan content and increased the Klason lignin but did not affect xylan, acetate, or acid soluble lignin contents.
27282557	2	48	theme	particle	361:368	arg1	size					370:373	particle size	361:373	particle size	361:373	Although pointed out in the NREL procedure, the impact of particle size on composition has never been shown.
27282557	3	49	theme	primary	440:446	arg1	hydrolysis					448:457	primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids	440:487	hydrolysis	448:457	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	1	50	from	121°C	289:293	arg1	%					279:279	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	50	from	121°C	289:293	arg1	at					286:287	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	50	from	121°C	289:293	arg1	acid					281:284	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	50	from	121°C	289:293	arg1	4wt					276:278	4wt% acid at 121°C	276:293	4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	276:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	1	50	from	121°C	289:293	arg1	hydrolysis					248:257	secondary hydrolysis	238:257	secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h	238:300	The NREL standard procedure for lignocellulosic biomass composition has two steps: primary hydrolysis in 72% wt sulfuric acid at 30°C for 1h followed by secondary hydrolysis of the slurry in 4wt% acid at 121°C for 1h.
27282557	2	51	theme	size	370:373	arg1	impact					351:356	the impact	347:356	the impact of particle size on composition	347:388	Although pointed out in the NREL procedure, the impact of particle size on composition has never been shown.
27282557	3	52	theme	hydrolysis	448:457	arg1	effects					429:435	the effects	425:435	the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition	425:532	In addition, the effects of primary hydrolysis time and separation of solids prior to secondary hydrolysis on composition have never been shown.
27282557	6	53	theme	separating	850:859	arg1	solids					861:866	separating solids	850:866	separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis	850:896	Moreover, separating solids prior to secondary hydrolysis had negligible effect on composition suggesting that lignin and polysaccharides are completely separated in the primary hydrolysis stage.
25679494	7	0	theme	proteins	1370:1377	arg1	number					1340:1345	number	1340:1345	number	1340:1345	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	7	0	theme	proteins	1370:1377	arg1	type					1351:1354	type	1351:1354	type	1351:1354	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	4	1	theme	vein	937:940	arg1	HUVEC					960:964	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)	921:965	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	2	2	theme	polymer	513:519	arg1	brushes					521:527	concentrated polymer brushes	500:527	concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs)	500:534	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	2	theme	polymer	513:519	arg1	CPBs					530:533	CPBs	530:533	CPBs	530:533	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	4	3	theme	cell	954:957	arg1	HUVEC					960:964	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)	921:965	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	8	4	theme	adsorption	1515:1524	arg1	mechanism					1526:1534	The adsorption mechanism	1511:1534	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs	1511:1547	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	8	4	theme	adsorption	1515:1524	arg1	due					1558:1560	due	1558:1560	due	1558:1560	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	8	4	theme	adsorption	1515:1524	arg1	whereas					1636:1642	whereas	1636:1642	whereas	1636:1642	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	5	5	theme	cell	1096:1099	arg1	adhesion					1101:1108	cell adhesion	1096:1108	cell adhesion	1096:1108	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	8	6	theme	non-biofouling	1765:1778	arg1	property					1780:1787	excellent non-biofouling property	1755:1787	excellent non-biofouling property	1755:1787	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	1	7	theme	dry	398:400	arg1	state					402:406	the dry state	394:406	the dry state of 2 and 10 nm	394:421	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	8	8	theme	protein-polymer	1584:1598	arg1	interaction					1600:1610	protein-polymer interaction	1584:1610	protein-polymer interaction	1584:1610	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	3	9	from	point	750:754	arg1	QCM					733:735	QCM	733:735	QCM	733:735	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	3	9	from	point	750:754	arg1	microbalance					719:730	quartz crystal microbalance	704:730	quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	704:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	8	10	theme	inclusion	1625:1633	arg1	combination					1569:1579	the combination	1565:1579	the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion	1565:1633	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	4	11	theme	size	832:835	arg1	effect					847:852	the size exclusion effect	828:852	the size exclusion effect	828:852	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	4	12	theme	corresponding	994:1006	arg1	SDPBs					1008:1012	the corresponding SDPBs	990:1012	the corresponding SDPBs	990:1012	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	1	13	theme	semi-dilute	333:343	arg1	regimes					362:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	13	theme	semi-dilute	333:343	arg1	densities					316:324	graft densities	310:324	graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes)	310:369	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	7	14	theme	cell	1496:1499	arg1	adhesion					1501:1508	the cell adhesion	1492:1508	the cell adhesion	1492:1508	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	7	14	theme	cell	1496:1499	arg1	adsorption					1474:1483	protein adsorption	1466:1483	protein adsorption	1466:1483	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	8	15	dep	due	1558:1560	arg1	mechanism					1526:1534	The adsorption mechanism	1511:1534	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs	1511:1547	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	8	15	dep	due	1558:1560	arg1	due					1558:1560	due	1558:1560	due	1558:1560	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	8	15	dep	due	1558:1560	arg1	whereas					1636:1642	whereas	1636:1642	whereas	1636:1642	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	1	16	theme	concentrated	349:360	arg1	regimes					362:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	16	theme	concentrated	349:360	arg1	densities					316:324	graft densities	310:324	graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes)	310:369	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	17	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	127:140	arg1	methacrylate					142:153	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	127:153	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	127:153	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	17	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	127:140	arg1	poly					122:125	poly	122:125	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)	122:162	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	3	18	theme	size-exclusion	759:772	arg1	effect					774:779	size-exclusion effect	759:779	size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	759:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	2	19	theme	grafting-to	477:487	arg1	method					489:494	grafting-to method	477:494	grafting-to method	477:494	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	8	20	theme	exclusion	1662:1670	arg1	effect					1672:1677	size exclusion effect	1657:1677	size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer	1657:1729	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	3	21	theme	crystal	711:717	arg1	QCM					733:735	QCM	733:735	QCM	733:735	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	3	21	theme	crystal	711:717	arg1	microbalance					719:730	quartz crystal microbalance	704:730	quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	704:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	8	22	theme	neutral	1693:1699	arg1	nature					1713:1718	neutral hydrophilic nature	1693:1718	neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer	1693:1729	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	3	23	theme	specific	781:788	arg1	effect					774:779	size-exclusion effect	759:779	size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	759:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	2	24	theme	atom	571:574	arg1	polymerization					593:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	553:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	553:616	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	24	theme	atom	571:574	arg1	SI-ATRP					609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	5	25	theme	fetal	1148:1152	arg1	serum					1161:1165	fetal bovine serum	1148:1165	fetal bovine serum	1148:1165	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	1	26	theme	non-biofouling	74:87	arg1	properties					89:98	The non-biofouling properties	70:98	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	70:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	2	27	theme	polymer	436:442	arg1	SDPBs					453:457	SDPBs	453:457	SDPBs	453:457	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	27	theme	polymer	436:442	arg1	brushes					444:450	Semi-dilute polymer brushes	424:450	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs)	424:458	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	8	28	theme	polymer	1723:1729	arg1	nature					1713:1718	neutral hydrophilic nature	1693:1718	neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer	1693:1729	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	0	29	theme	Non-biofouling	0:13	arg1	property					15:22	Non-biofouling property	0:22	Non-biofouling property of well-defined concentrated polymer	0:59	Non-biofouling property of well-defined concentrated polymer brushes.
25679494	5	30	theme	proteins	1052:1059	arg1	type					1044:1047	type	1044:1047	type of proteins adsorbed on the	1044:1075	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	1	31	theme	brushes	111:117	arg1	properties					89:98	The non-biofouling properties	70:98	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	70:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	4	32	theme	umbilical	927:935	arg1	HUVEC					960:964	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)	921:965	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	2	33	theme	radical	585:591	arg1	polymerization					593:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	553:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	553:616	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	33	theme	radical	585:591	arg1	SI-ATRP					609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	1	34	theme	ether	241:245	arg1	poly					207:210	poly	207:210	poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	207:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	34	theme	ether	241:245	arg1	methacrylate					247:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	34	theme	ether	241:245	arg1	glycol					226:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	35	theme	poly	122:125	arg1	brushes					111:117	polymer brushes	103:117	polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	103:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	5	36	theme	high-performance	1190:1205	arg1	chromatography					1214:1227	a high-performance liquid chromatography	1188:1227	a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1188:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	0	37	theme	concentrated	40:51	arg1	polymer					53:59	well-defined concentrated polymer	27:59	well-defined concentrated polymer	27:59	Non-biofouling property of well-defined concentrated polymer brushes.
25679494	6	38	located	detected	1298:1305	arg2	Proteins					1279:1286	Proteins	1279:1286	Proteins	1279:1286	Proteins were only detected on the SDPBs.
25679494	6	38	located	detected	1298:1305	arg1	SDPBs					1314:1318	the SDPBs	1310:1318	the SDPBs	1310:1318	Proteins were only detected on the SDPBs.
25679494	4	39	theme	proteins	897:904	arg1	CPBs					859:862	the CPBs	855:862	the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	855:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	7	40	dep	number	1340:1345	arg1	the					1336:1338	the	1336:1338	the	1336:1338	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	3	41	with	proteins	638:645	arg1	sizes					662:666	different sizes	652:666	different sizes	652:666	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	1	42	from	state	402:406	arg1	regimes					362:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	42	from	state	402:406	arg1	densities					316:324	graft densities	310:324	graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes)	310:369	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	42	from	state	402:406	arg1	thicknesses					379:389	the thicknesses	375:389	the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm	375:421	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	5	43	theme	mass	1249:1252	arg1	spectrometry					1254:1265	tandem mass spectrometry	1242:1265	tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1242:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	5	43	theme	mass	1249:1252	arg1	LC-MS/MS					1268:1275	LC-MS/MS	1268:1275	LC-MS/MS	1268:1275	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	1	44	theme	poly	207:210	arg1	brushes					111:117	polymer brushes	103:117	polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	103:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	7	45	theme	identified	1359:1368	arg1	proteins					1370:1377	identified proteins	1359:1377	identified proteins	1359:1377	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	4	46	theme	endothelial	942:952	arg1	HUVEC					960:964	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)	921:965	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	4	47	dep	proteins	897:904	arg1	HUVEC					960:964	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)	921:965	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	4	47	dep	proteins	897:904	arg1	adsorption					906:915	adsorption	906:915	adsorption	906:915	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	1	48	theme	poly	212:215	arg1	poly					207:210	poly	207:210	poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	207:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	48	theme	poly	212:215	arg1	methacrylate					247:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	48	theme	poly	212:215	arg1	glycol					226:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	8	49	theme	excellent	1755:1763	arg1	property					1780:1787	excellent non-biofouling property	1755:1787	excellent non-biofouling property	1755:1787	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	1	50	theme	ethylene	217:224	arg1	methacrylate					247:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	50	theme	ethylene	217:224	arg1	glycol					226:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	2	51	theme	concentrated	500:511	arg1	brushes					521:527	concentrated polymer brushes	500:527	concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs)	500:534	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	51	theme	concentrated	500:511	arg1	CPBs					530:533	CPBs	530:533	CPBs	530:533	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	1	52	dep	regimes	362:368	arg1	i.e.					327:330	i.e.	327:330	i.e.	327:330	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	3	53	theme	different	652:660	arg1	sizes					662:666	different sizes	652:666	different sizes	652:666	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	1	54	theme	poly	165:168	arg1	brushes					111:117	polymer brushes	103:117	polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	103:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	5	55	from	proteins	1134:1141	arg1	brushes					1174:1180	the brushes	1170:1180	the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1170:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	3	56	theme	proteins	638:645	arg1	adsorptions					623:633	The adsorptions	619:633	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes	619:666	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	1	57	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	170:183	arg1	poly					165:168	poly	165:168	poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA)	165:200	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	57	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	170:183	arg1	acrylate					185:192	2-hydroxyethyl acrylate	170:192	2-hydroxyethyl acrylate	170:192	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	8	58	theme	interaction	1600:1610	arg1	combination					1569:1579	the combination	1565:1579	the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion	1565:1633	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	5	59	from	serum	1161:1165	arg1	proteins					1134:1141	adsorbed proteins	1125:1141	adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1125:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	8	60	theme	physical	1616:1623	arg1	inclusion					1625:1633	physical inclusion	1616:1633	physical inclusion	1616:1633	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	3	61	theme	quartz	704:709	arg1	QCM					733:735	QCM	733:735	QCM	733:735	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	3	61	theme	quartz	704:709	arg1	microbalance					719:730	quartz crystal microbalance	704:730	quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	704:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	5	62	theme	bovine	1154:1159	arg1	serum					1161:1165	fetal bovine serum	1148:1165	fetal bovine serum	1148:1165	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	3	63	theme	effect	774:779	arg1	point					750:754	a view point	743:754	a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	743:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	7	64	theme	protein	1466:1472	arg1	adhesion					1501:1508	the cell adhesion	1492:1508	the cell adhesion	1492:1508	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	7	64	theme	protein	1466:1472	arg1	adsorption					1474:1483	protein adsorption	1466:1483	protein adsorption	1466:1483	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	8	65	theme	size	1657:1660	arg1	exclusion					1662:1670	size exclusion	1657:1670	size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer	1657:1729	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	7	66	theme	SDPBs	1452:1456	arg1	composition					1433:1443	chemical composition	1424:1443	chemical composition of the SDPBs	1424:1456	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	5	67	theme	adsorbed	1125:1132	arg1	proteins					1134:1141	adsorbed proteins	1125:1141	adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1125:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	2	68	theme	transfer	576:583	arg1	polymerization					593:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	553:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	553:616	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	68	theme	transfer	576:583	arg1	SI-ATRP					609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	3	69	theme	view	745:748	arg1	point					750:754	a view point	743:754	a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs	743:800	The adsorptions of proteins with different sizes were investigated on the brushes by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) from a view point of size-exclusion effect specific to the CPBs.
25679494	7	70	theme	chemical	1424:1431	arg1	composition					1433:1443	chemical composition	1424:1443	chemical composition of the SDPBs	1424:1456	Interestingly, the number and type of identified proteins were different on the SDPBs, indicating that chemical composition of the SDPBs affects protein adsorption, hence the cell adhesion.
25679494	4	71	theme	exclusion	837:845	arg1	effect					847:852	the size exclusion effect	828:852	the size exclusion effect	828:852	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	2	72	theme	surface-initiated	553:569	arg1	polymerization					593:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	553:606	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	553:616	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	72	theme	surface-initiated	553:569	arg1	SI-ATRP					609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	SI-ATRP	609:615	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	5	73	theme	liquid	1207:1212	arg1	chromatography					1214:1227	a high-performance liquid chromatography	1188:1227	a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1188:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	1	74	theme	graft	310:314	arg1	regimes					362:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	semi-dilute and concentrated regimes	333:368	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	74	theme	graft	310:314	arg1	densities					316:324	graft densities	310:324	graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes)	310:369	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	8	75	theme	hydrophilic	1701:1711	arg1	nature					1713:1718	neutral hydrophilic nature	1693:1718	neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer	1693:1729	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	2	76	theme	Semi-dilute	424:434	arg1	SDPBs					453:457	SDPBs	453:457	SDPBs	453:457	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	2	76	theme	Semi-dilute	424:434	arg1	brushes					444:450	Semi-dilute polymer brushes	424:450	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs)	424:458	Semi-dilute polymer brushes (SDPBs) were prepared by grafting-to method and concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) were prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP).
25679494	8	77	from	mechanism	1526:1534	arg1	SDPBs					1543:1547	the SDPBs	1539:1547	the SDPBs	1539:1547	The adsorption mechanism on the SDPBs could be due to the combination of protein-polymer interaction and physical inclusion, whereas CPBs exhibit size exclusion effect combined with neutral hydrophilic nature of polymer, thereby, that provides excellent non-biofouling property.
25679494	1	78	theme	polymer	103:109	arg1	brushes					111:117	polymer brushes	103:117	polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	103:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	0	79	theme	well-defined	27:38	arg1	polymer					53:59	well-defined concentrated polymer	27:59	well-defined concentrated polymer	27:59	Non-biofouling property of well-defined concentrated polymer brushes.
25679494	1	80	theme	methyl	234:239	arg1	poly					207:210	poly	207:210	poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA)	207:268	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	80	theme	methyl	234:239	arg1	methacrylate					247:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate	212:258	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	1	80	theme	methyl	234:239	arg1	glycol					226:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	ethylene glycol	217:231	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	4	81	dep	HUVEC	960:964	arg1	adhesion					967:974	adhesion	967:974	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	4	82	theme	human	921:925	arg1	HUVEC					960:964	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)	921:965	human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	921:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	0	83	theme	polymer	53:59	arg1	property					15:22	Non-biofouling property	0:22	Non-biofouling property of well-defined concentrated polymer	0:59	Non-biofouling property of well-defined concentrated polymer brushes.
25679494	4	84	theme	suppressed	886:895	arg1	proteins					897:904	the three much suppressed proteins	871:904	all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion	867:974	We confirmed that due to the size exclusion effect, the CPBs of all the three much suppressed proteins adsorption and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion compared with the corresponding SDPBs.
25679494	1	85	theme	nm	420:421	arg1	state					402:406	the dry state	394:406	the dry state of 2 and 10 nm	394:421	The non-biofouling properties of polymer brushes of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) were comprehensively studied by varying graft densities (i.e., semi-dilute and concentrated regimes) and the thicknesses at the dry state of 2 and 10 nm.
25679494	5	86	theme	tandem	1242:1247	arg1	spectrometry					1254:1265	tandem mass spectrometry	1242:1265	tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1242:1276	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
25679494	5	86	theme	tandem	1242:1247	arg1	LC-MS/MS					1268:1275	LC-MS/MS	1268:1275	LC-MS/MS	1268:1275	In order to investigate what type of proteins adsorbed on the brushes to trigger cell adhesion, we identified adsorbed proteins from fetal bovine serum on the brushes using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26808869	2	0	from	utilization	332:342	arg1	bacterium					361:369	this bacterium	356:369	this bacterium	356:369	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium was identified by whole genome analysis.
26808869	1	1	theme	Shimokita	273:281	arg1	Peninsula					283:291	the Shimokita Peninsula	269:291	the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	269:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	2	theme	Peninsula	283:291	arg1	offshore					257:264	offshore	257:264	offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	257:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	3	theme	complete	124:131	arg1	sequence					140:147	the complete genome sequence	120:147	the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	120:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	2	4	theme	genome	395:400	arg1	analysis					402:409	whole genome analysis	389:409	whole genome analysis	389:409	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium was identified by whole genome analysis.
26808869	2	5	theme	whole	389:393	arg1	analysis					402:409	whole genome analysis	389:409	whole genome analysis	389:409	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium was identified by whole genome analysis.
26808869	0	6	theme	genome	9:14	arg1	sequence					16:23	Complete genome sequence	0:23	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	0:68	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309.
26808869	2	7	theme	related	321:327	arg1	genes					315:319	genes	315:319	genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium	315:369	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium was identified by whole genome analysis.
26808869	0	8	theme	Complete	0:7	arg1	sequence					16:23	Complete genome sequence	0:23	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	0:68	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309.
26808869	2	9	theme	genes	315:319	arg1	array					306:310	An array	303:310	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium	303:369	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium was identified by whole genome analysis.
26808869	1	10	theme	Japan	296:300	arg1	Peninsula					283:291	the Shimokita Peninsula	269:291	the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	269:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	0	11	dep	alkaliphila	81:91	arg1	sequence					16:23	Complete genome sequence	0:23	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	0:68	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309.
26808869	0	12	theme	xylan-degrading	32:46	arg1	bacterium					60:68	the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	28:68	the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	28:68	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309.
26808869	1	13	theme	deep	221:224	arg1	sediment					243:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	14	attach	isolated	203:210	arg2	alkaliphila					163:173	alkaliphila	163:173	alkaliphila	163:173	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	14	attach	isolated	203:210	arg1	offshore					257:264	offshore	257:264	offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	257:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	14	attach	isolated	203:210	arg1	sediment					243:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	15	theme	subseafloor	226:236	arg1	sediment					243:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	0	16	theme	bacterium	60:68	arg1	sequence					16:23	Complete genome sequence	0:23	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	0:68	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309.
26808869	2	17	theme	xylan	347:351	arg1	utilization					332:342	utilization	332:342	utilization of xylan in this bacterium	332:369	An array of genes related to utilization of xylan in this bacterium was identified by whole genome analysis.
26808869	0	18	theme	subseafloor	48:58	arg1	bacterium					60:68	the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	28:68	the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium	28:68	Complete genome sequence of the xylan-degrading subseafloor bacterium Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309.
26808869	1	19	theme	genome	133:138	arg1	sequence					140:147	the complete genome sequence	120:147	the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	120:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	20	theme	core	238:241	arg1	sediment					243:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	the deep subseafloor core sediment	217:250	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
26808869	1	21	theme	alkaliphila	163:173	arg1	sequence					140:147	the complete genome sequence	120:147	the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan	120:300	Here we report the complete genome sequence of Microcella alkaliphila JAM-AC0309, which was newly isolated from the deep subseafloor core sediment from offshore of the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan.
29248606	0	0	theme	compound	79:86	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.	0:142	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	13	1	theme	similar	1932:1938	arg1	mechanisms					1940:1949	similar mechanisms	1932:1949	similar mechanisms	1932:1949	Thus, the improved properties were considerably dependent upon these techniques, although all of the techniques employed similar mechanisms.
29248606	10	2	theme	drug	1513:1516	arg1	AUC					1568:1570	AUC	1568:1570	AUC	1568:1570	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	10	2	theme	drug	1513:1516	arg1	dissolution					1530:1540	dissolution	1530:1540	dissolution	1530:1540	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	10	2	theme	drug	1513:1516	arg1	concentration					1550:1562	plasma concentration	1543:1562	plasma concentration	1543:1562	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	10	2	theme	drug	1513:1516	arg1	solubility					1518:1527	the drug solubility	1509:1527	the drug solubility	1509:1527	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	1	3	theme	research	160:167	arg1	aim					148:150	The aim	144:150	The aim of this research	144:167	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	12	4	theme	10-fold	1781:1787	arg1	bioavailability					1794:1808	10-fold oral bioavailability	1781:1808	10-fold oral bioavailability	1781:1808	Particularly, the solid dispersion improved about 9500-fold drug solubility and 10-fold oral bioavailability.
29248606	1	5	theme	hydrochloride	265:277	arg1	solubility					219:228	the solubility	215:228	the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride	215:277	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	0	6	theme	inclusion	69:77	arg1	compound					79:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	2	7	theme	surfactants	362:372	arg1	influence					339:347	The influence	335:347	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility	335:404	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	3	8	from	properties	551:560	arg1	rats					611:614	rats	611:614	rats	611:614	Their physicochemical properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	0	9	theme	Physicochemical	89:103	arg1	characterisation					105:120	Physicochemical characterisation	89:120	Physicochemical characterisation	89:120	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	2	10	from	influence	339:347	arg1	solubility					395:404	the drug solubility	386:404	the drug solubility	386:404	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	5	11	theme	solid	980:984	arg1	SNEDDS					986:991	an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS	951:991	an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS	951:991	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	1	12	theme	solid	280:284	arg1	strategies					190:199	three strategies	184:199	three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	184:332	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	1	12	theme	solid	280:284	arg1	dispersion					286:295	solid dispersion	280:295	solid dispersion	280:295	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	7	13	theme	amorphous	1242:1250	arg1	state					1252:1256	an amorphous state	1239:1256	an amorphous state in all formulations	1239:1276	The crystalline drug was converted to an amorphous state in all formulations.
29248606	6	14	theme	appropriate	998:1008	arg1	dispersion					1016:1025	The appropriate solid dispersion	994:1025	The appropriate solid dispersion	994:1025	The appropriate solid dispersion and inclusion compound were composed of revaprazan, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and cremophor A25 (5:1.4:5.6) and drug and hydroxyl-β-cyclodextrin (2.5:8.77), respectively.
29248606	5	15	from	suspended/dissolved	884:902	arg1	water					917:921	distilled water	907:921	distilled water	907:921	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	5	16	theme	distilled	907:915	arg1	water					917:921	distilled water	907:921	distilled water	907:921	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	12	17	theme	drug	1761:1764	arg1	solubility					1766:1775	9500-fold drug solubility	1751:1775	9500-fold drug solubility	1751:1775	Particularly, the solid dispersion improved about 9500-fold drug solubility and 10-fold oral bioavailability.
29248606	6	18	theme	inclusion	1031:1039	arg1	compound					1041:1048	inclusion compound	1031:1048	inclusion compound	1031:1048	The appropriate solid dispersion and inclusion compound were composed of revaprazan, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and cremophor A25 (5:1.4:5.6) and drug and hydroxyl-β-cyclodextrin (2.5:8.77), respectively.
29248606	2	19	theme	drying	511:516	arg1	technique					518:526	spray drying technique	505:526	spray drying technique	505:526	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	5	20	from	water	917:921	arg1	suspended/dissolved					884:902	suspended/dissolved	884:902	suspended/dissolved	884:902	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	8	21	theme	solid	1286:1290	arg1	dispersion					1292:1301	the solid dispersion	1282:1301	the solid dispersion	1282:1301	In the solid dispersion, the drug was attached to the hydrophilic carrier.
29248606	4	22	theme	weight	787:792	arg1	10:15:55:30					774:784	10:15:55:30	774:784	10:15:55:30	774:784	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	4	22	theme	weight	787:792	arg1	ratio					794:798	weight ratio	787:798	weight ratio	787:798	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	6	23	theme	cremophor	1112:1120	arg1	A25					1122:1124	cremophor A25	1112:1124	cremophor A25	1112:1124	The appropriate solid dispersion and inclusion compound were composed of revaprazan, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and cremophor A25 (5:1.4:5.6) and drug and hydroxyl-β-cyclodextrin (2.5:8.77), respectively.
29248606	4	24	theme	SNEDDS	681:686	arg1	formulations					688:699	the liquid SNEDDS formulations	670:699	the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed	670:708	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	2	25	theme	spray	505:509	arg1	technique					518:526	spray drying technique	505:526	spray drying technique	505:526	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	13	26	theme	improved	1821:1828	arg1	properties					1830:1839	the improved properties	1817:1839	the improved properties	1817:1839	Thus, the improved properties were considerably dependent upon these techniques, although all of the techniques employed similar mechanisms.
29248606	13	26	theme	improved	1821:1828	arg1	dependent					1859:1867	dependent	1859:1867	dependent	1859:1867	Thus, the improved properties were considerably dependent upon these techniques, although all of the techniques employed similar mechanisms.
29248606	12	27	theme	9500-fold	1751:1759	arg1	solubility					1766:1775	9500-fold drug solubility	1751:1775	9500-fold drug solubility	1751:1775	Particularly, the solid dispersion improved about 9500-fold drug solubility and 10-fold oral bioavailability.
29248606	3	28	theme	physicochemical	535:549	arg1	properties					551:560	Their physicochemical properties	529:560	Their physicochemical properties	529:560	Their physicochemical properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	4	29	theme	liquid	674:679	arg1	formulations					688:699	the liquid SNEDDS formulations	670:699	the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed	670:708	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	2	30	theme	formulations	468:479	arg1	types					459:463	the three types	449:463	the three types of formulations	449:479	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	11	31	theme	order	1641:1645	arg1	compound					1691:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	These properties were ranked in the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound.
29248606	2	32	theme	drug	390:393	arg1	solubility					395:404	the drug solubility	386:404	the drug solubility	386:404	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	9	33	theme	solid	1358:1362	arg1	SNEDDS					1364:1369	The solid SNEDDS	1354:1369	The solid SNEDDS	1354:1369	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	14	34	theme	oral	2037:2040	arg1	product					2075:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	14	34	theme	oral	2037:2040	arg1	system					2003:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	3	35	from	pharmacokinetics	591:606	arg1	rats					611:614	rats	611:614	rats	611:614	Their physicochemical properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	0	36	theme	revaprazan-loaded	16:32	arg1	compound					79:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	1	37	theme	solid	298:302	arg1	SNEDDS					304:309	solid SNEDDS	298:309	solid SNEDDS	298:309	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	1	37	theme	solid	298:302	arg1	strategies					190:199	three strategies	184:199	three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	184:332	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	5	38	theme	optimal	954:960	arg1	SNEDDS					986:991	an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS	951:991	an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS	951:991	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	12	39	theme	solid	1719:1723	arg1	dispersion					1725:1734	the solid dispersion	1715:1734	the solid dispersion	1715:1734	Particularly, the solid dispersion improved about 9500-fold drug solubility and 10-fold oral bioavailability.
29248606	7	40	theme	crystalline	1205:1215	arg1	drug					1217:1220	The crystalline drug	1201:1220	The crystalline drug	1201:1220	The crystalline drug was converted to an amorphous state in all formulations.
29248606	8	41	attach	attached	1317:1324	arg2	drug					1308:1311	the drug	1304:1311	the drug	1304:1311	In the solid dispersion, the drug was attached to the hydrophilic carrier.
29248606	8	41	attach	attached	1317:1324	arg1	carrier					1345:1351	the hydrophilic carrier	1329:1351	the hydrophilic carrier	1329:1351	In the solid dispersion, the drug was attached to the hydrophilic carrier.
29248606	8	41	attach	attached	1317:1324	arg3	dispersion					1292:1301	the solid dispersion	1282:1301	the solid dispersion	1282:1301	In the solid dispersion, the drug was attached to the hydrophilic carrier.
29248606	5	42	theme	revaprazan-loaded	962:978	arg1	SNEDDS					986:991	an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS	951:991	an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS	951:991	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	0	43	theme	dispersion	40:49	arg1	compound					79:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	4	44	theme	revaprazan	731:740	arg1	compositions					715:726	the compositions	711:726	the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio)	711:799	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	14	45	theme	solid	1986:1990	arg1	product					2075:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	14	45	theme	solid	1986:1990	arg1	system					2003:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	4	46	theme	emulsion	823:830	arg1	size					832:835	the smallest emulsion size	810:835	the smallest emulsion size	810:835	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	0	47	theme	solid	34:38	arg1	dispersion					40:49	solid dispersion	34:49	solid dispersion	34:49	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	1	48	theme	inclusion	315:323	arg1	compound					325:332	inclusion compound	315:332	inclusion compound	315:332	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	1	48	theme	inclusion	315:323	arg1	strategies					190:199	three strategies	184:199	three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	184:332	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	10	49	theme	plasma	1543:1548	arg1	concentration					1550:1562	plasma concentration	1543:1562	plasma concentration	1543:1562	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	10	49	theme	plasma	1543:1548	arg1	solubility					1518:1527	the drug solubility	1509:1527	the drug solubility	1509:1527	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	1	50	dep	strategies	190:199	arg1	SNEDDS					304:309	solid SNEDDS	298:309	solid SNEDDS	298:309	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	1	50	dep	strategies	190:199	arg1	compound					325:332	inclusion compound	315:332	inclusion compound	315:332	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	1	50	dep	strategies	190:199	arg1	strategies					190:199	three strategies	184:199	three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	184:332	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	1	50	dep	strategies	190:199	arg1	dispersion					286:295	solid dispersion	280:295	solid dispersion	280:295	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	11	51	theme	SNEDDS > inclusion	1672:1689	arg1	compound					1691:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	These properties were ranked in the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound.
29248606	5	52	theme	liquid	853:858	arg1	SNEDDS					860:865	this liquid SNEDDS	848:865	this liquid SNEDDS	848:865	Moreover, this liquid SNEDDS and dextran were suspended/dissolved in distilled water, and spray-dried, producing an optimal revaprazan-loaded solid SNEDDS.
29248606	0	53	theme	solid	52:56	arg1	SNEDDS					58:63	solid SNEDDS	52:63	solid SNEDDS	52:63	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	8	54	theme	hydrophilic	1333:1343	arg1	carrier					1345:1351	the hydrophilic carrier	1329:1351	the hydrophilic carrier	1329:1351	In the solid dispersion, the drug was attached to the hydrophilic carrier.
29248606	2	55	theme	chosen	432:437	arg1	carriers					439:446	the chosen carriers	428:446	the chosen carriers	428:446	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	9	56	theme	aggregate	1404:1412	arg1	microspheres					1414:1425	aggregate microspheres	1404:1425	aggregate microspheres	1404:1425	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	10	57	theme	revaprazan	1586:1595	arg1	powder					1597:1602	revaprazan powder	1586:1602	revaprazan powder	1586:1602	All formulations significantly increased the drug solubility, dissolution, plasma concentration and AUC compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	7	58	from	state	1252:1256	arg1	formulations					1265:1276	all formulations	1261:1276	all formulations	1261:1276	The crystalline drug was converted to an amorphous state in all formulations.
29248606	11	59	theme	solid	1647:1651	arg1	compound					1691:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	These properties were ranked in the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound.
29248606	2	60	theme	polymers	352:359	arg1	influence					339:347	The influence	335:347	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility	335:404	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	3	61	from	solubility	563:572	arg1	rats					611:614	rats	611:614	rats	611:614	Their physicochemical properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	14	62	theme	revaprazan-loaded	2042:2058	arg1	product					2075:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	14	62	theme	revaprazan-loaded	2042:2058	arg1	system					2003:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	9	63	theme	inclusion	1375:1383	arg1	compound					1385:1392	inclusion compound	1375:1392	inclusion compound	1375:1392	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	4	64	theme	smallest	814:821	arg1	size					832:835	the smallest emulsion size	810:835	the smallest emulsion size	810:835	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	6	65	theme	solid	1010:1014	arg1	dispersion					1016:1025	The appropriate solid dispersion	994:1025	The appropriate solid dispersion	994:1025	The appropriate solid dispersion and inclusion compound were composed of revaprazan, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and cremophor A25 (5:1.4:5.6) and drug and hydroxyl-β-cyclodextrin (2.5:8.77), respectively.
29248606	11	66	theme	dispersion ≥ solid	1653:1670	arg1	compound					1691:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound	1637:1698	These properties were ranked in the order solid dispersion ≥ solid SNEDDS > inclusion compound.
29248606	3	67	theme	revaprazan	645:654	arg1	powder					656:661	revaprazan powder	645:661	revaprazan powder	645:661	Their physicochemical properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	4	68	dep	Tween	751:755	arg1	10:15:55:30					774:784	10:15:55:30	774:784	10:15:55:30	774:784	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	4	68	dep	Tween	751:755	arg1	ratio					794:798	weight ratio	787:798	weight ratio	787:798	Among the liquid SNEDDS formulations assessed, the compositions of revaprazan, peceol, Tween 80 and Labrasol (10:15:55:30, weight ratio) provided the smallest emulsion size.
29248606	3	69	from	dissolution	575:585	arg1	rats					611:614	rats	611:614	rats	611:614	Their physicochemical properties, solubility, dissolution and pharmacokinetics in rats were performed compared with revaprazan powder.
29248606	9	70	theme	separate	1431:1438	arg1	microspheres					1440:1451	separate microspheres	1431:1451	separate microspheres	1431:1451	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	14	71	theme	dispersion	1992:2001	arg1	product					2075:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	14	71	theme	dispersion	1992:2001	arg1	system					2003:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	14	72	theme	pharmaceutical	2060:2073	arg1	product					2075:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product	2034:2081	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	14	72	theme	pharmaceutical	2060:2073	arg1	system					2003:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	the solid dispersion system	1982:2008	Among the strategies checked, the solid dispersion system would be recommended as an oral revaprazan-loaded pharmaceutical product.
29248606	1	73	theme	water-soluble	240:252	arg1	hydrochloride					265:277	poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride	233:277	poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride	233:277	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
29248606	0	74	theme	SNEDDS	58:63	arg1	compound					79:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound	14:86	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	0	75	dep	Comparison	0:9	arg1	pharmacokinetics					126:141	pharmacokinetics	126:141	pharmacokinetics	126:141	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	0	75	dep	Comparison	0:9	arg1	characterisation					105:120	Physicochemical characterisation	89:120	Physicochemical characterisation	89:120	Comparison of a revaprazan-loaded solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound: Physicochemical characterisation and pharmacokinetics.
29248606	9	76	contain	contained	1394:1402	arg2	microspheres					1414:1425	aggregate microspheres	1404:1425	aggregate microspheres	1404:1425	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	9	76	contain	contained	1394:1402	arg1	SNEDDS					1364:1369	The solid SNEDDS	1354:1369	The solid SNEDDS	1354:1369	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	9	76	contain	contained	1394:1402	arg1	compound					1385:1392	inclusion compound	1375:1392	inclusion compound	1375:1392	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	9	76	contain	contained	1394:1402	arg2	microspheres					1440:1451	separate microspheres	1431:1451	separate microspheres	1431:1451	The solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound contained aggregate microspheres and separate microspheres, respectively.
29248606	2	77	theme	oils	378:381	arg1	influence					339:347	The influence	335:347	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility	335:404	The influence of polymers, surfactants and oils on the drug solubility was assessed, and via the chosen carriers, the three types of formulations were prepared utilising spray drying technique.
29248606	12	78	theme	oral	1789:1792	arg1	bioavailability					1794:1808	10-fold oral bioavailability	1781:1808	10-fold oral bioavailability	1781:1808	Particularly, the solid dispersion improved about 9500-fold drug solubility and 10-fold oral bioavailability.
29248606	1	79	theme	revaprazan	254:263	arg1	hydrochloride					265:277	poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride	233:277	poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride	233:277	The aim of this research was to compare three strategies for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble revaprazan hydrochloride: solid dispersion, solid SNEDDS and inclusion compound.
27405270	9	0	theme	perfusion-decellularized	1724:1747	arg1	method					1749:1754	the novel perfusion-decellularized method	1714:1754	the novel perfusion-decellularized method	1714:1754	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	5	1	theme	H&E	914:916	arg1	staining					918:925	H&E staining	914:925	H&E staining	914:925	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	9	2	theme	decellularized	1679:1692	arg1	ureters					1694:1700	the decellularized ureters	1675:1700	the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method	1675:1754	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	9	2	theme	decellularized	1679:1692	arg1	surrogate					1777:1785	the potential surrogate	1763:1785	the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair	1763:1823	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	5	3	theme	staining	918:925	arg1	data					906:909	The data	902:909	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis	902:977	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	4	4	theme	chemical	610:617	arg1	methods					619:625	the commonly used physical and chemical methods	579:625	the commonly used physical and chemical methods	579:625	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	5	theme	ureters	805:811	arg1	surface					765:771	the surface	761:771	the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs)	761:818	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	5	6	theme	gel	959:961	arg1	electrophoresis					963:977	the agarose gel electrophoresis	947:977	the agarose gel electrophoresis	947:977	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	7	7	theme	matrix	1413:1418	arg1	ultrastructure					1356:1369	the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure	1329:1369	the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure	1329:1369	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	7	7	theme	matrix	1413:1418	arg1	compositions					1379:1390	the compositions	1375:1390	the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs	1375:1432	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	4	8	theme	novel	499:503	arg1	protocol					530:537	a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol	497:537	a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol	497:537	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	7	9	theme	PDUs	1429:1432	arg1	matrix					1413:1418	the extracellular matrix	1395:1418	the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs	1395:1432	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	7	9	theme	PDUs	1429:1432	arg1	ECM					1421:1423	ECM	1421:1423	ECM	1421:1423	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	4	10	theme	perfusion-decellularized	780:803	arg1	ureters					805:811	the perfusion-decellularized ureters	776:811	the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs)	776:818	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	10	theme	perfusion-decellularized	780:803	arg1	PDUs					814:817	PDUs	814:817	PDUs	814:817	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	3	11	theme	technology	371:380	arg1	development					333:343	the constant development	320:343	the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction	320:419	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	4	12	dep	cells	844:848	arg1	distribution					888:899	distribution	888:899	distribution	888:899	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	12	dep	cells	844:848	arg1	proliferation					870:882	proliferation	870:882	proliferation	870:882	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	12	dep	cells	844:848	arg1	cells					844:848	the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution	840:899	the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution	840:899	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	12	dep	cells	844:848	arg1	adhesion					860:867	adhesion	860:867	adhesion	860:867	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	12	dep	cells	844:848	arg1	survival					850:857	survival	850:857	survival	850:857	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	9	13	theme	tissue-engineered	1800:1816	arg1	repair					1818:1823	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	1791:1823	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	1791:1823	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	9	14	theme	potential	1767:1775	arg1	ureters					1694:1700	the decellularized ureters	1675:1700	the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method	1675:1754	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	9	14	theme	potential	1767:1775	arg1	surrogate					1777:1785	the potential surrogate	1763:1785	the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair	1763:1823	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	9	15	from	surrogate	1777:1785	arg1	conclusion					1663:1672	conclusion	1663:1672	conclusion	1663:1672	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	1	16	theme	diseases	188:195	arg1	diagnosis					161:169	diagnosis	161:169	diagnosis	161:169	As the endoscopic technique is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the incidence of ureteral injuries increases annually.
27405270	1	16	theme	diseases	188:195	arg1	treatment					175:183	treatment	175:183	treatment	175:183	As the endoscopic technique is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the incidence of ureteral injuries increases annually.
27405270	0	17	theme	perfusion-decellularized	6:29	arg1	method					31:36	Novel perfusion-decellularized method	0:36	Novel perfusion-decellularized method	0:36	Novel perfusion-decellularized method to prepare decellularized ureters for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	4	18	theme	perfusion-decellularized	505:528	arg1	protocol					530:537	a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol	497:537	a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol	497:537	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	0	19	theme	tissue-engineered	85:101	arg1	repair					103:108	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	76:108	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	76:108	Novel perfusion-decellularized method to prepare decellularized ureters for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	6	20	theme	DNA	1155:1157	arg1	content					1159:1165	the DNA content	1151:1165	the DNA content of the PDUs	1151:1177	In addition, compared with the native ureters, the DNA content of the PDUs was significantly decreased just two percent residue (P<0.05).
27405270	4	21	theme	urinary	711:717	arg1	UDCs					740:743	UDCs	740:743	UDCs	740:743	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	21	theme	urinary	711:717	arg1	cells					733:737	the urinary tract-derived cells	707:737	the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs)	707:744	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	0	22	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	method					31:36	Novel perfusion-decellularized method	0:36	Novel perfusion-decellularized method	0:36	Novel perfusion-decellularized method to prepare decellularized ureters for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	4	23	theme	used	592:595	arg1	methods					619:625	the commonly used physical and chemical methods	579:625	the commonly used physical and chemical methods	579:625	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	9	24	theme	novel	1718:1722	arg1	method					1749:1754	the novel perfusion-decellularized method	1714:1754	the novel perfusion-decellularized method	1714:1754	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	1	25	used	used	149:152	arg2	technique					129:137	the endoscopic technique	114:137	the endoscopic technique	114:137	As the endoscopic technique is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the incidence of ureteral injuries increases annually.
27405270	3	26	theme	possible	461:468	arg1	technology					470:479	possible technology	461:479	possible technology	461:479	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	9	27	theme	ureteral	1791:1798	arg1	repair					1818:1823	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	1791:1823	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	1791:1823	In conclusion, the decellularized ureters prepared by the novel perfusion-decellularized method may be the potential surrogate for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	8	28	theme	multilayer	1512:1521	arg1	structure					1523:1531	multilayer structure	1512:1531	multilayer structure	1512:1531	When the UDCs were seeded onto the PDUs, the UDCs formed multilayer structure on the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters and then formed laminated structure.
27405270	1	29	theme	endoscopic	118:127	arg1	technique					129:137	the endoscopic technique	114:137	the endoscopic technique	114:137	As the endoscopic technique is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the incidence of ureteral injuries increases annually.
27405270	7	30	theme	content	1303:1309	arg1	assay					1311:1315	glycosaminoglycan content assay	1285:1315	glycosaminoglycan content assay	1285:1315	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	3	31	theme	urinary	398:404	arg1	reconstruction					406:419	urinary reconstruction	398:419	urinary reconstruction	398:419	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	6	32	theme	PDUs	1174:1177	arg1	content					1159:1165	the DNA content	1151:1165	the DNA content of the PDUs	1151:1177	In addition, compared with the native ureters, the DNA content of the PDUs was significantly decreased just two percent residue (P<0.05).
27405270	4	33	link	tract-derived	719:731	arg1	UDCs					740:743	UDCs	740:743	UDCs	740:743	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	33	link	tract-derived	719:731	arg1	cells					733:737	the urinary tract-derived cells	707:737	the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs)	707:744	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	34	theme	decellularized	652:665	arg1	ureters					667:673	the decellularized ureters	648:673	the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction	648:701	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	0	35	theme	decellularized	49:62	arg1	ureters					64:70	decellularized ureters	49:70	decellularized ureters	49:70	Novel perfusion-decellularized method to prepare decellularized ureters for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	4	36	theme	physical	597:604	arg1	methods					619:625	the commonly used physical and chemical methods	579:625	the commonly used physical and chemical methods	579:625	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	37	used	used	632:635	arg2	protocol					530:537	a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol	497:537	a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol	497:537	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	38	theme	ureteral	679:686	arg1	reconstruction					688:701	ureteral reconstruction	679:701	ureteral reconstruction	679:701	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	1	39	theme	ureteral	215:222	arg1	injuries					224:231	ureteral injuries	215:231	ureteral injuries	215:231	As the endoscopic technique is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the incidence of ureteral injuries increases annually.
27405270	8	40	theme	deep	1582:1585	arg1	layer					1587:1591	the deep layer	1578:1591	the deep layer of the decellularized ureters	1578:1621	When the UDCs were seeded onto the PDUs, the UDCs formed multilayer structure on the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters and then formed laminated structure.
27405270	5	41	theme	previous	1088:1095	arg1	study					1097:1101	previous study	1088:1101	previous study	1088:1101	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	1	42	theme	injuries	224:231	arg1	incidence					202:210	the incidence	198:210	the incidence of ureteral injuries	198:231	As the endoscopic technique is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, the incidence of ureteral injuries increases annually.
27405270	4	43	theme	perfusion	557:565	arg1	system					567:572	a perfusion system	555:572	a perfusion system	555:572	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	3	44	theme	constant	324:331	arg1	development					333:343	the constant development	320:343	the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction	320:419	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	0	45	theme	ureteral	76:83	arg1	repair					103:108	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	76:108	ureteral tissue-engineered repair	76:108	Novel perfusion-decellularized method to prepare decellularized ureters for ureteral tissue-engineered repair.
27405270	6	46	theme	percent	1216:1222	arg1	P<0.05					1233:1238	P<0.05	1233:1238	P<0.05	1233:1238	In addition, compared with the native ureters, the DNA content of the PDUs was significantly decreased just two percent residue (P<0.05).
27405270	6	46	theme	percent	1216:1222	arg1	residue					1224:1230	just two percent residue	1207:1230	just two percent residue (P<0.05)	1207:1239	In addition, compared with the native ureters, the DNA content of the PDUs was significantly decreased just two percent residue (P<0.05).
27405270	6	47	theme	native	1135:1140	arg1	ureters					1142:1148	the native ureters	1131:1148	the native ureters	1131:1148	In addition, compared with the native ureters, the DNA content of the PDUs was significantly decreased just two percent residue (P<0.05).
27405270	3	48	theme	ureteral	426:433	arg1	reconstruction					435:448	the ureteral reconstruction	422:448	the ureteral reconstruction	422:448	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	8	49	theme	PDUs	1555:1558	arg1	surface					1540:1546	the surface	1536:1546	the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters	1536:1621	When the UDCs were seeded onto the PDUs, the UDCs formed multilayer structure on the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters and then formed laminated structure.
27405270	7	50	dep	three-dimensional	1333:1349	arg1	3D					1352:1353	3D	1352:1353	3D	1352:1353	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	5	51	theme	DAPI	928:931	arg1	staining					933:940	DAPI staining	928:940	DAPI staining	928:940	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	8	52	theme	ureters	1615:1621	arg1	layer					1587:1591	the deep layer	1578:1591	the deep layer of the decellularized ureters	1578:1621	When the UDCs were seeded onto the PDUs, the UDCs formed multilayer structure on the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters and then formed laminated structure.
27405270	5	53	theme	PDUs	1024:1027	arg1	components					1010:1019	the cellular components	997:1019	the cellular components of PDUs	997:1027	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	8	54	theme	decellularized	1600:1613	arg1	ureters					1615:1621	the decellularized ureters	1596:1621	the decellularized ureters	1596:1621	When the UDCs were seeded onto the PDUs, the UDCs formed multilayer structure on the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters and then formed laminated structure.
27405270	5	55	theme	decellularized	1051:1064	arg1	time					1066:1069	the decellularized time	1047:1069	the decellularized time	1047:1069	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	5	55	theme	decellularized	1051:1064	arg1	shorter					1075:1081	shorter	1075:1081	shorter	1075:1081	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	5	56	theme	cellular	1001:1008	arg1	components					1010:1019	the cellular components	997:1019	the cellular components of PDUs	997:1027	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	7	57	theme	Scanning	1242:1249	arg1	microscopy					1260:1269	Scanning electron microscopy	1242:1269	Scanning electron microscopy	1242:1269	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	5	58	theme	staining	933:940	arg1	data					906:909	The data	902:909	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis	902:977	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	5	59	theme	agarose	951:957	arg1	electrophoresis					963:977	the agarose gel electrophoresis	947:977	the agarose gel electrophoresis	947:977	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	7	60	theme	extracellular	1399:1411	arg1	matrix					1413:1418	the extracellular matrix	1395:1418	the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs	1395:1432	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	7	60	theme	extracellular	1399:1411	arg1	ECM					1421:1423	ECM	1421:1423	ECM	1421:1423	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	5	61	theme	electrophoresis	963:977	arg1	data					906:909	The data	902:909	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis	902:977	The data of H&E staining, DAPI staining, and the agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cellular components of PDUs were removed, and the decellularized time was shorter than previous study.
27405270	4	62	theme	tract-derived	719:731	arg1	UDCs					740:743	UDCs	740:743	UDCs	740:743	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	4	62	theme	tract-derived	719:731	arg1	cells					733:737	the urinary tract-derived cells	707:737	the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs)	707:744	In this study, a novel perfusion-decellularized protocol, which combined a perfusion system with the commonly used physical and chemical methods, was used to prepare the decellularized ureters for ureteral reconstruction and the urinary tract-derived cells (UDCs) were seeded on the surface of the perfusion-decellularized ureters (PDUs) in order to observe the cells survival, adhesion, proliferation and distribution.
27405270	7	63	theme	electron	1251:1258	arg1	microscopy					1260:1269	Scanning electron microscopy	1242:1269	Scanning electron microscopy	1242:1269	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	3	64	theme	tissue	352:357	arg1	technology					371:380	the tissue engineering technology	348:380	the tissue engineering technology	348:380	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	7	65	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1285:1301	arg1	assay					1311:1315	glycosaminoglycan content assay	1285:1315	glycosaminoglycan content assay	1285:1315	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	2	66	theme	surgical	267:274	arg1	satisfactory					301:312	satisfactory	301:312	satisfactory	301:312	The classical surgical therapies are not always satisfactory.
27405270	2	66	theme	surgical	267:274	arg1	therapies					276:284	The classical surgical therapies	253:284	The classical surgical therapies	253:284	The classical surgical therapies are not always satisfactory.
27405270	7	67	theme	three-dimensional	1333:1349	arg1	ultrastructure					1356:1369	the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure	1329:1369	the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure	1329:1369	Scanning electron microscopy, collagen and glycosaminoglycan content assay showed that the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure and the compositions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of PDUs were well preserved.
27405270	3	68	theme	engineering	359:369	arg1	technology					371:380	the tissue engineering technology	348:380	the tissue engineering technology	348:380	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	2	69	theme	classical	257:265	arg1	satisfactory					301:312	satisfactory	301:312	satisfactory	301:312	The classical surgical therapies are not always satisfactory.
27405270	2	69	theme	classical	257:265	arg1	therapies					276:284	The classical surgical therapies	253:284	The classical surgical therapies	253:284	The classical surgical therapies are not always satisfactory.
27405270	3	70	theme	reconstruction	406:419	arg1	field					389:393	the field	385:393	the field of urinary reconstruction	385:419	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
27405270	8	71	theme	laminated	1639:1647	arg1	structure					1649:1657	laminated structure	1639:1657	laminated structure	1639:1657	When the UDCs were seeded onto the PDUs, the UDCs formed multilayer structure on the surface of the PDUs, infiltrated into the deep layer of the decellularized ureters and then formed laminated structure.
27405270	3	72	from	development	333:343	arg1	field					389:393	the field	385:393	the field of urinary reconstruction	385:419	With the constant development of the tissue engineering technology in the field of urinary reconstruction, the ureteral reconstruction has become possible technology.
25499891	0	0	theme	packaging	89:97	arg1	application					99:109	food packaging application	84:109	food packaging application	84:109	Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan bionanocomposite for food packaging application.
25499891	3	1	theme	swelling	649:656	arg1	properties					670:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	2	theme	zinc	500:503	arg1	oxide					505:509	0.5% nano zinc oxide	490:509	0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film	490:537	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	1	3	theme	solution	246:253	arg1	method					260:265	solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film	246:320	solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film	246:320	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	1	4	theme	cast	255:258	arg1	method					260:265	solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film	246:320	solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film	246:320	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	4	5	theme	diffusion	795:803	arg1	method					811:816	well diffusion assay method	790:816	well diffusion assay method	790:816	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	3	6	theme	%	493:493	arg1	oxide					505:509	0.5% nano zinc oxide	490:509	0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film	490:537	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	7	theme	due	681:683	arg1	strength					561:568	tensile strength	553:568	tensile strength	553:568	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	4	8	theme	well	790:793	arg1	method					811:816	well diffusion assay method	790:816	well diffusion assay method	790:816	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	1	9	from	concentrations	141:154	arg1	oil					195:197	neem essential oil	180:197	neem essential oil	180:197	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	1	9	from	concentrations	141:154	arg1	oxide					122:126	Nano zinc oxide	112:126	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%)	112:174	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	3	10	theme	nano	495:498	arg1	oxide					505:509	0.5% nano zinc oxide	490:509	0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film	490:537	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	2	11	theme	thermal	373:379	arg1	stability					381:389	thermal stability	373:389	thermal stability	373:389	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	2	11	theme	thermal	373:379	arg1	groups					338:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	3	12	attach	presence	692:699	arg1	matrix					748:753	the polymer matrix	736:753	the polymer matrix	736:753	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	12	attach	presence	692:699	arg2	oxide					727:731	nano zinc oxide	717:731	nano zinc oxide	717:731	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	12	attach	presence	692:699	arg2	oil					709:711	neem oil	704:711	neem oil	704:711	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	13	theme	oil	709:711	arg1	presence					692:699	the presence	688:699	the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix	688:753	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	4	14	theme	assay	805:809	arg1	method					811:816	well diffusion assay method	790:816	well diffusion assay method	790:816	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	1	15	theme	Nano	112:115	arg1	oxide					122:126	Nano zinc oxide	112:126	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%)	112:174	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	1	16	theme	zinc	117:120	arg1	oxide					122:126	Nano zinc oxide	112:126	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%)	112:174	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	1	17	theme	neem	180:183	arg1	oil					195:197	neem essential oil	180:197	neem essential oil	180:197	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	3	18	from	presence	692:699	arg1	matrix					748:753	the polymer matrix	736:753	the polymer matrix	736:753	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	5	19	theme	food	925:928	arg1	application					938:948	this food quality application	920:948	this food quality application	920:948	In addition to this food quality application were carried against carrot and compared with the commercial film.
25499891	3	20	theme	composite	524:532	arg1	film					534:537	composite film	524:537	composite film	524:537	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	1	21	theme	essential	185:193	arg1	oil					195:197	neem essential oil	180:197	neem essential oil	180:197	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	0	22	theme	oxide-neem	39:48	arg1	oil-chitosan					50:61	zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan	34:61	zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan	34:61	Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan bionanocomposite for food packaging application.
25499891	3	23	theme	neem	704:707	arg1	oil					709:711	neem oil	704:711	neem oil	704:711	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	4	24	theme	inhibition	886:895	arg1	effect					897:902	good inhibition effect	881:902	good inhibition effect	881:902	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	4	25	theme	antibacterial	764:776	arg1	activity					778:785	Further antibacterial activity	756:785	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method	756:816	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	4	26	contain	have	876:879	arg2	effect					897:902	good inhibition effect	881:902	good inhibition effect	881:902	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	4	26	contain	have	876:879	arg1	coli					851:854	Escherichia coli	839:854	Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect	839:902	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	0	27	theme	zinc	34:37	arg1	oil-chitosan					50:61	zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan	34:61	zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan	34:61	Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan bionanocomposite for food packaging application.
25499891	3	28	theme	oxide	727:731	arg1	presence					692:699	the presence	688:699	the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix	688:753	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	4	29	theme	good	881:884	arg1	effect					897:902	good inhibition effect	881:902	good inhibition effect	881:902	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	4	30	theme	Further	756:762	arg1	activity					778:785	Further antibacterial activity	756:785	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method	756:816	Further antibacterial activity by well diffusion assay method was followed against Escherichia coli which were found to have good inhibition effect.
25499891	3	31	theme	zinc	722:725	arg1	oxide					727:731	nano zinc oxide	717:731	nano zinc oxide	717:731	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	32	theme	film	599:602	arg1	transparency					604:615	film transparency	599:615	film transparency	599:615	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	2	33	theme	functional	327:336	arg1	morphology					395:404	morphology	395:404	morphology	395:404	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	2	33	theme	functional	327:336	arg1	size					367:370	crystalline particle size	346:370	crystalline particle size	346:370	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	2	33	theme	functional	327:336	arg1	stability					381:389	thermal stability	373:389	thermal stability	373:389	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	2	33	theme	functional	327:336	arg1	groups					338:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	0	34	theme	oil-chitosan	50:61	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan bionanocomposite for food packaging application.
25499891	0	34	theme	oil-chitosan	50:61	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan bionanocomposite for food packaging application.
25499891	3	35	theme	nano	717:720	arg1	oxide					727:731	nano zinc oxide	717:731	nano zinc oxide	717:731	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	36	theme	barrier	662:668	arg1	properties					670:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	37	theme	solubility	637:646	arg1	properties					670:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	38	theme	tensile	553:559	arg1	strength					561:568	tensile strength	553:568	tensile strength	553:568	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	1	39	theme	different	131:139	arg1	concentrations					141:154	different concentrations	131:154	different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%)	131:174	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	1	39	theme	different	131:139	arg1	%					173:173	0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%	157:173	0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%	157:173	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	1	40	theme	bionanocomposite	300:315	arg1	film					317:320	the bionanocomposite film	296:320	the bionanocomposite film	296:320	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	5	41	theme	commercial	1000:1009	arg1	film					1011:1014	the commercial film	996:1014	the commercial film	996:1014	In addition to this food quality application were carried against carrot and compared with the commercial film.
25499891	3	42	theme	film	583:586	arg1	thickness					588:596	film thickness	583:596	film thickness	583:596	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	5	43	theme	quality	930:936	arg1	application					938:948	this food quality application	920:948	this food quality application	920:948	In addition to this food quality application were carried against carrot and compared with the commercial film.
25499891	3	44	theme	decreased	621:629	arg1	properties					670:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties	621:679	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	3	45	theme	0.5	490:492	arg1	%					493:493	%	493:493	%	493:493	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	0	46	theme	food	84:87	arg1	application					99:109	food packaging application	84:109	food packaging application	84:109	Synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide-neem oil-chitosan bionanocomposite for food packaging application.
25499891	3	47	theme	water	631:635	arg1	solubility					637:646	water solubility	631:646	water solubility	631:646	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	2	48	theme	particle	358:365	arg1	size					367:370	crystalline particle size	346:370	crystalline particle size	346:370	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	2	48	theme	particle	358:365	arg1	groups					338:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	1	49	theme	film	317:320	arg1	properties					282:291	the properties	278:291	the properties of the bionanocomposite film	278:320	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25499891	3	50	theme	polymer	740:746	arg1	matrix					748:753	the polymer matrix	736:753	the polymer matrix	736:753	The results showed that 0.5% nano zinc oxide incorporated composite film have improved tensile strength, elongation, film thickness, film transparency and decreased water solubility, swelling and barrier properties due to the presence of neem oil and nano zinc oxide in the polymer matrix.
25499891	2	51	theme	crystalline	346:356	arg1	size					367:370	crystalline particle size	346:370	crystalline particle size	346:370	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	2	51	theme	crystalline	346:356	arg1	groups					338:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups	323:343	The functional groups, crystalline particle size, thermal stability and morphology were determined using FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM, respectively.
25499891	1	52	theme	chitosan	226:233	arg1	polymer					235:241	the chitosan polymer	222:241	the chitosan polymer	222:241	Nano zinc oxide at different concentrations (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%) and neem essential oil were incorporated into the chitosan polymer by solution cast method to enhance the properties of the bionanocomposite film.
25088727	4	0	theme	long-term	923:931	arg1	in vitro					954:961	long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro	923:961	long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro	923:961	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	6	1	theme	proposed	1157:1164	arg1	system					1180:1185	The proposed liver support system	1153:1185	The proposed liver support system	1153:1185	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	3	2	dep	in	720:721	arg1	situ					723:726	situ	723:726	situ	723:726	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	2	3	theme	method	520:525	arg1	creation					387:394	the creation	383:394	the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system	383:629	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	6	4	theme	xenogeneic	1194:1203	arg1	assistance					1213:1222	xenogeneic hepatic assistance	1194:1222	xenogeneic hepatic assistance	1194:1222	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	6	5	theme	promising	1380:1388	arg1	system					1390:1395	a promising system	1378:1395	a promising system for recovery of organ function	1378:1426	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	2	6	theme	cells	563:567	arg1	numbers					552:558	massive numbers	544:558	massive numbers of cells	544:567	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	4	7	theme	cells	837:841	arg1	types					814:818	three types	808:818	three types of primary liver cells	808:841	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	2	8	contain	containing	457:466	arg1	mLTs					452:455	mLTs	452:455	mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure	452:496	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	8	contain	containing	457:466	arg2	ultrastructure					483:496	liver-specific ultrastructure	468:496	liver-specific ultrastructure	468:496	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	9	theme	critical	323:330	arg1	factors					332:338	the critical factors	319:338	the critical factors in developing biological liver support	319:377	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	1	10	theme	liver	299:303	arg1	donors					305:310	liver donors	299:310	liver donors	299:310	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	5	11	theme	rat	984:986	arg1	mLTs					988:991	rat mLTs	984:991	rat mLTs	984:991	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	5	12	theme	collagen-alginate	1014:1030	arg1	composites					1032:1041	collagen-alginate composites	1014:1041	collagen-alginate composites	1014:1041	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	4	13	theme	types	814:818	arg1	microwells					774:783	Concave microwells	766:783	Concave microwells	766:783	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	4	13	theme	types	814:818	arg1	tri-culture					793:803	the tri-culture	789:803	the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells	789:841	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	1	14	theme	donors	305:310	arg1	shortage					287:294	the chronic shortage	275:294	the chronic shortage of liver donors	275:310	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	4	15	theme	Concave	766:772	arg1	microwells					774:783	Concave microwells	766:783	Concave microwells	766:783	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	4	16	theme	excellent	893:901	arg1	functions					909:917	excellent liver functions	893:917	excellent liver functions	893:917	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	4	17	theme	liver	831:835	arg1	cells					837:841	primary liver cells	823:841	primary liver cells	823:841	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	2	18	theme	massive	544:550	arg1	numbers					552:558	massive numbers	544:558	massive numbers of cells	544:567	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	0	19	theme	liver-specific	54:67	arg1	microarchitecture					69:85	liver-specific microarchitecture	54:85	liver-specific microarchitecture	54:85	Immune-protected xenogeneic bioartificial livers with liver-specific microarchitecture and hydrogel-encapsulated cells.
25088727	4	20	theme	primary	823:829	arg1	cells					837:841	primary liver cells	823:841	primary liver cells	823:841	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	2	21	theme	tissue	427:432	arg1	creation					387:394	the creation	383:394	the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system	383:629	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	0	22	theme	xenogeneic	17:26	arg1	livers					42:47	xenogeneic bioartificial livers	17:47	xenogeneic bioartificial livers	17:47	Immune-protected xenogeneic bioartificial livers with liver-specific microarchitecture and hydrogel-encapsulated cells.
25088727	6	23	theme	native	1237:1242	arg1	microarchitecture					1250:1266	native liver microarchitecture	1237:1266	native liver microarchitecture	1237:1266	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	2	24	theme	biological	354:363	arg1	support					371:377	biological liver support	354:377	biological liver support	354:377	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	25	theme	liver	421:425	arg1	tissue					427:432	in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue	399:432	in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT)	399:438	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	25	theme	liver	421:425	arg1	mLT					435:437	mLT	435:437	mLT	435:437	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	26	theme	liver-specific	468:481	arg1	ultrastructure					483:496	liver-specific ultrastructure	468:496	liver-specific ultrastructure	468:496	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	4	27	theme	liver	903:907	arg1	functions					909:917	excellent liver functions	893:917	excellent liver functions	893:917	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	3	28	from	encapsulation	728:740	arg1	composites					754:763	hydrogel composites	745:763	hydrogel composites	745:763	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	5	29	theme	mLTs	988:991	arg1	quantities					970:979	Large quantities	964:979	Large quantities of rat mLTs	964:991	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	2	30	theme	micro	415:419	arg1	tissue					427:432	in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue	399:432	in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT)	399:438	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	30	theme	micro	415:419	arg1	mLT					435:437	mLT	435:437	mLT	435:437	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	1	31	theme	xenogeneic	137:146	arg1	support					165:171	a xenogeneic biological liver support	135:171	a xenogeneic biological liver support	135:171	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	2	32	theme	mLTs	452:455	arg1	creation					387:394	the creation	383:394	the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system	383:629	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	3	33	theme	liver	686:690	arg1	microarchitecture					692:708	liver microarchitecture	686:708	liver microarchitecture	686:708	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	1	34	theme	biological	148:157	arg1	support					165:171	a xenogeneic biological liver support	135:171	a xenogeneic biological liver support	135:171	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	6	35	theme	support	1172:1178	arg1	system					1180:1185	The proposed liver support system	1153:1185	The proposed liver support system	1153:1185	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	2	36	theme	encapsulation	506:518	arg1	method					520:525	an encapsulation method	503:525	an encapsulation method	503:525	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	5	37	theme	Large	964:968	arg1	quantities					970:979	Large quantities	964:979	Large quantities of rat mLTs	964:991	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	6	38	theme	function	1419:1426	arg1	recovery					1401:1408	recovery	1401:1408	recovery of organ function	1401:1426	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	5	39	theme	remaining	1136:1144	arg1	liver					1146:1150	the remaining liver	1132:1150	the remaining liver	1132:1150	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	1	40	theme	liver	230:234	arg1	regeneration					236:247	liver regeneration	230:247	liver regeneration	230:247	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	6	41	theme	organ	1413:1417	arg1	function					1419:1426	organ function	1413:1426	organ function	1413:1426	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	5	42	theme	liver	1146:1150	arg1	regeneration					1116:1127	regeneration	1116:1127	regeneration of the remaining liver	1116:1150	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	3	43	from	microarchitecture	692:708	arg1	composites					754:763	hydrogel composites	745:763	hydrogel composites	745:763	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	4	44	dep	long-term	923:931	arg1	month					937:941	>1 month	934:941	>1 month	934:941	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	4	45	theme	mLTs	880:883	arg1	construction					864:875	the construction	860:875	the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro	860:961	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	1	46	theme	liver	159:163	arg1	support					165:171	a xenogeneic biological liver support	135:171	a xenogeneic biological liver support	135:171	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	2	47	theme	immune	617:622	arg1	system					624:629	the host immune system	608:629	the host immune system	608:629	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	3	48	theme	in	720:721	arg1	encapsulation					728:740	their in situ encapsulation	714:740	their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites	714:763	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	1	49	theme	support	165:171	arg1	Development					120:130	Development	120:130	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support	120:171	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
25088727	5	50	theme	failure	1067:1073	arg1	mice					1075:1078	hepatic failure mice	1059:1078	hepatic failure mice	1059:1078	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	2	51	theme	host	612:615	arg1	system					624:629	the host immune system	608:629	the host immune system	608:629	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	4	52	theme	viability	944:952	arg1	in vitro					954:961	long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro	923:961	long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro	923:961	Concave microwells and the tri-culture of three types of primary liver cells were applied for the construction of mLTs showing excellent liver functions and long-term (>1 month) viability in vitro.
25088727	6	53	theme	complicated	1321:1331	arg1	devices					1333:1339	complicated devices	1321:1339	complicated devices	1321:1339	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	3	54	theme	mLTs	668:671	arg1	development					653:663	the development	649:663	the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites	649:763	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	2	55	theme	liver	365:369	arg1	support					371:377	biological liver support	354:377	biological liver support	354:377	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	6	56	theme	hepatic	1205:1211	arg1	assistance					1213:1222	xenogeneic hepatic assistance	1194:1222	xenogeneic hepatic assistance	1194:1222	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	5	57	theme	hepatic	1059:1065	arg1	mice					1075:1078	hepatic failure mice	1059:1078	hepatic failure mice	1059:1078	Large quantities of rat mLTs were encapsulated in collagen-alginate composites, implanted into hepatic failure mice and sustained their survival during regeneration of the remaining liver.
25088727	6	58	theme	liver	1244:1248	arg1	microarchitecture					1250:1266	native liver microarchitecture	1237:1266	native liver microarchitecture	1237:1266	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	2	59	theme	mimetic	407:413	arg1	tissue					427:432	in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue	399:432	in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT)	399:438	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	2	59	theme	mimetic	407:413	arg1	mLT					435:437	mLT	435:437	mLT	435:437	Among the critical factors in developing biological liver support are the creation of in vivo mimetic micro liver tissue (mLT), especially mLTs containing liver-specific ultrastructure, and an encapsulation method that can package massive numbers of cells while providing immune-protection from the host immune system.
25088727	0	60	theme	hydrogel-encapsulated	91:111	arg1	cells					113:117	hydrogel-encapsulated cells	91:117	hydrogel-encapsulated cells	91:117	Immune-protected xenogeneic bioartificial livers with liver-specific microarchitecture and hydrogel-encapsulated cells.
25088727	3	61	theme	hydrogel	745:752	arg1	composites					754:763	hydrogel composites	745:763	hydrogel composites	745:763	We describe here the development of mLTs that include liver microarchitecture and their in situ encapsulation in hydrogel composites.
25088727	0	62	theme	bioartificial	28:40	arg1	livers					42:47	xenogeneic bioartificial livers	17:47	xenogeneic bioartificial livers	17:47	Immune-protected xenogeneic bioartificial livers with liver-specific microarchitecture and hydrogel-encapsulated cells.
25088727	6	63	theme	liver	1166:1170	arg1	system					1180:1185	The proposed liver support system	1153:1185	The proposed liver support system	1153:1185	The proposed liver support system offers xenogeneic hepatic assistance by mimicking native liver microarchitecture and providing immune-protection without the need for complicated devices or processes, and as such represents a promising system for recovery of organ function.
25088727	1	64	theme	chronic	279:285	arg1	shortage					287:294	the chronic shortage	275:294	the chronic shortage of liver donors	275:310	Development of a xenogeneic biological liver support is important in providing a bridge to transplantation or liver regeneration, thus helping to overcome the chronic shortage of liver donors.
29102793	3	0	theme	DMSM	320:323	arg1	films					325:329	The DMSM films	316:329	The DMSM films	316:329	The DMSM films were prepared using three levels of glycerol (10-40%, w/w).
29102793	8	1	theme	obvious	1097:1103	arg1	cracks					1105:1110	any obvious cracks	1093:1110	any obvious cracks	1093:1110	The electron micrographs showed that the plasticized films had a uniform surface without any obvious cracks or pores.
29102793	9	2	theme	several	1263:1269	arg1	products					1276:1283	several food products	1263:1283	several food products	1263:1283	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	5	3	theme	water	613:617	arg1	permeability					626:637	the films' water vapour permeability	602:637	the films' water vapour permeability	602:637	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	6	4	theme	surface	757:763	arg1	hydrophobicity					765:778	surface hydrophobicity	757:778	surface hydrophobicity	757:778	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	1	5	theme	seed	180:183	arg1	DMSM					195:198	DMSM	195:198	DMSM	195:198	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	1	5	theme	seed	180:183	arg1	mucilage					185:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage	156:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM)	156:199	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	1	5	theme	seed	180:183	arg1	material					225:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	6	6	theme	transition	806:815	arg1	Tg					824:825	Tg	824:825	Tg	824:825	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	6	6	theme	transition	806:815	arg1	point					817:821	glass transition point	800:821	glass transition point (Tg)	800:826	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	4	7	theme	films	474:478	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	7	theme	films	474:478	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	5	8	theme	vapour	619:624	arg1	permeability					626:637	the films' water vapour permeability	602:637	the films' water vapour permeability	602:637	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	2	9	theme	DMSM	294:297	arg1	DMSM					294:297	the dried DMSM	284:297	the dried DMSM	284:297	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	2	9	theme	DMSM	294:297	arg1	composition					248:258	chemical composition	239:258	chemical composition	239:258	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	2	9	theme	DMSM	294:297	arg1	group					275:279	functional group	264:279	functional group	264:279	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	4	10	theme	concentration	555:567	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	10	theme	concentration	555:567	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	5	11	theme	water	667:671	arg1	solubility					673:682	water solubility	667:682	water solubility	667:682	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	7	12	from	yellowish	891:899	arg1	colour					904:909	colour	904:909	colour	904:909	The films became slightly greenish or yellowish in colour but still looked transparent All the DMSM films displayed remarkable antioxidant activities.
29102793	2	13	theme	dried	288:292	arg1	DMSM					294:297	the dried DMSM	284:297	the dried DMSM	284:297	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	9	14	with	film	1203:1206	arg1	specifications					1225:1238	interesting specifications	1213:1238	interesting specifications	1213:1238	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	4	15	theme	glycerol	546:553	arg1	concentration					555:567	the glycerol concentration	542:567	the glycerol concentration	542:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	6	16	theme	tensile	739:745	arg1	strength					747:754	the tensile strength	735:754	the tensile strength	735:754	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	9	17	theme	present	1141:1147	arg1	study					1149:1153	the present study	1137:1153	the present study	1137:1153	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	2	18	dep	composition	248:258	arg1	The					235:237	The	235:237	The	235:237	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	4	19	theme	mechanical	445:454	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	19	theme	mechanical	445:454	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	9	20	theme	study	1149:1153	arg1	results					1126:1132	The results	1122:1132	The results of the present study	1122:1153	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	9	21	theme	food	1271:1274	arg1	products					1276:1283	several food products	1263:1283	several food products	1263:1283	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	8	22	theme	electron	1008:1015	arg1	micrographs					1017:1027	The electron micrographs	1004:1027	The electron micrographs	1004:1027	The electron micrographs showed that the plasticized films had a uniform surface without any obvious cracks or pores.
29102793	9	23	theme	antioxidant	1184:1194	arg1	film					1203:1206	a novel antioxidant edible film	1176:1206	a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications	1176:1238	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	3	24	theme	glycerol	367:374	arg1	levels					357:362	three levels	351:362	three levels of glycerol	351:374	The DMSM films were prepared using three levels of glycerol (10-40%, w/w).
29102793	9	25	used	used	1247:1250	arg2	DMSM					1168:1171	DMSM	1168:1171	DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications	1168:1238	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	5	26	theme	%	661:661	arg1	break					654:658	elongation at break	640:658	elongation at break (%EB)	640:664	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	5	26	theme	%	661:661	arg1	EB					662:663	%EB	661:663	%EB	661:663	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	4	27	theme	barrier	422:428	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	27	theme	barrier	422:428	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	1	28	dep	Dracocephalum	156:168	arg1	moldavica					170:178	moldavica	170:178	moldavica	170:178	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	0	29	theme	edible	42:47	arg1	film					49:52	a novel biodegradable edible film	20:52	a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica	20:90	Characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage.
29102793	8	30	theme	plasticized	1045:1055	arg1	films					1057:1061	the plasticized films	1041:1061	the plasticized films	1041:1061	The electron micrographs showed that the plasticized films had a uniform surface without any obvious cracks or pores.
29102793	6	31	theme	glass	800:804	arg1	Tg					824:825	Tg	824:825	Tg	824:825	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	6	31	theme	glass	800:804	arg1	point					817:821	glass transition point	800:821	glass transition point (Tg)	800:826	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	2	32	theme	chemical	239:246	arg1	composition					248:258	chemical composition	239:258	chemical composition	239:258	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	1	33	theme	novel	206:210	arg1	material					225:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	1	33	theme	novel	206:210	arg1	mucilage					185:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage	156:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM)	156:199	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	0	34	theme	biodegradable	28:40	arg1	film					49:52	a novel biodegradable edible film	20:52	a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica	20:90	Characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage.
29102793	4	35	theme	antioxidant	490:500	arg1	activity					502:509	their antioxidant activity	484:509	their antioxidant activity	484:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	3	36	dep	prepared	336:343	arg1	w/w					385:387	w/w	385:387	w/w	385:387	The DMSM films were prepared using three levels of glycerol (10-40%, w/w).
29102793	3	36	dep	prepared	336:343	arg1	%					382:382	10-40%	377:382	10-40%	377:382	The DMSM films were prepared using three levels of glycerol (10-40%, w/w).
29102793	4	37	theme	physical	431:438	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	37	theme	physical	431:438	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	0	38	theme	novel	22:26	arg1	film					49:52	a novel biodegradable edible film	20:52	a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica	20:90	Characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage.
29102793	7	39	theme	DMSM	948:951	arg1	films					953:957	All the DMSM films	940:957	All the DMSM films	940:957	The films became slightly greenish or yellowish in colour but still looked transparent All the DMSM films displayed remarkable antioxidant activities.
29102793	1	40	theme	film-forming	212:223	arg1	material					225:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	1	40	theme	film-forming	212:223	arg1	mucilage					185:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage	156:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM)	156:199	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	7	41	theme	antioxidant	980:990	arg1	activities					992:1001	remarkable antioxidant activities	969:1001	remarkable antioxidant activities	969:1001	The films became slightly greenish or yellowish in colour but still looked transparent All the DMSM films displayed remarkable antioxidant activities.
29102793	9	42	theme	novel	1178:1182	arg1	film					1203:1206	a novel antioxidant edible film	1176:1206	a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications	1176:1238	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	8	43	theme	uniform	1069:1075	arg1	surface					1077:1083	a uniform surface	1067:1083	a uniform surface	1067:1083	The electron micrographs showed that the plasticized films had a uniform surface without any obvious cracks or pores.
29102793	0	44	theme	film	49:52	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica	0:90	Characterization of a novel biodegradable edible film obtained from Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage.
29102793	5	45	theme	elongation	640:649	arg1	break					654:658	elongation at break	640:658	elongation at break (%EB)	640:664	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	5	45	theme	elongation	640:649	arg1	EB					662:663	%EB	661:663	%EB	661:663	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	4	46	theme	thermal	395:401	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	46	theme	thermal	395:401	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	9	47	theme	edible	1196:1201	arg1	film					1203:1206	a novel antioxidant edible film	1176:1206	a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications	1176:1238	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	4	48	theme	activity	502:509	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	48	theme	activity	502:509	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	5	49	theme	at	651:652	arg1	break					654:658	elongation at break	640:658	elongation at break (%EB)	640:664	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	5	49	theme	at	651:652	arg1	EB					662:663	%EB	661:663	%EB	661:663	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	6	50	theme	melting	781:787	arg1	point					789:793	melting point	781:793	melting point	781:793	But the tensile strength, surface hydrophobicity, melting point, and glass transition point (Tg) decreased significantly.
29102793	7	51	theme	remarkable	969:978	arg1	activities					992:1001	remarkable antioxidant activities	969:1001	remarkable antioxidant activities	969:1001	The films became slightly greenish or yellowish in colour but still looked transparent All the DMSM films displayed remarkable antioxidant activities.
29102793	4	52	theme	micro-structural	404:419	arg1	properties					456:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties	391:465	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity	391:509	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	4	52	theme	micro-structural	404:419	arg1	function					530:537	a function	528:537	a function of the glycerol concentration	528:567	The thermal, micro-structural, barrier, physical, and mechanical properties of the films and their antioxidant activity were examined as a function of the glycerol concentration.
29102793	2	53	theme	functional	264:273	arg1	DMSM					294:297	the dried DMSM	284:297	the dried DMSM	284:297	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	2	53	theme	functional	264:273	arg1	group					275:279	functional group	264:279	functional group	264:279	The chemical composition and functional group of the dried DMSM were determined.
29102793	7	54	from	greenish	879:886	arg1	colour					904:909	colour	904:909	colour	904:909	The films became slightly greenish or yellowish in colour but still looked transparent All the DMSM films displayed remarkable antioxidant activities.
29102793	5	55	from	break	654:658	arg1	at					651:652	elongation at break	640:658	elongation at break (%EB)	640:664	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	5	55	from	break	654:658	arg1	elongation					640:649	elongation at break	640:658	elongation at break (%EB)	640:664	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	8	56	contain	had	1063:1065	arg2	surface					1077:1083	a uniform surface	1067:1083	a uniform surface	1067:1083	The electron micrographs showed that the plasticized films had a uniform surface without any obvious cracks or pores.
29102793	8	56	contain	had	1063:1065	arg1	films					1057:1061	the plasticized films	1041:1061	the plasticized films	1041:1061	The electron micrographs showed that the plasticized films had a uniform surface without any obvious cracks or pores.
29102793	5	57	theme	moisture	689:696	arg1	content					698:704	moisture content	689:704	moisture content	689:704	As the concentration increased, the films' water vapour permeability, elongation at break (%EB), water solubility, and moisture content significantly increased.
29102793	9	58	theme	interesting	1213:1223	arg1	specifications					1225:1238	interesting specifications	1213:1238	interesting specifications	1213:1238	The results of the present study suggest that DMSM as a novel antioxidant edible film with interesting specifications can be used to package several food products.
29102793	1	59	theme	Dracocephalum	156:168	arg1	DMSM					195:198	DMSM	195:198	DMSM	195:198	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	1	59	theme	Dracocephalum	156:168	arg1	mucilage					185:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage	156:192	Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM)	156:199	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
29102793	1	59	theme	Dracocephalum	156:168	arg1	material					225:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	a novel film-forming material	204:232	This study investigated the feasibility of using Dracocephalum moldavica seed mucilage (DMSM) as a novel film-forming material.
25180617	9	0	from	determination	1280:1292	arg1	matrix					1316:1321	the complex matrix	1304:1321	the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1304:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	9	1	theme	amperogram	1243:1252	arg1	shape					1223:1227	The unique shape	1212:1227	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram	1212:1252	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	9	2	theme	interfering	1376:1386	arg1	species					1388:1394	redox active potentially interfering species	1351:1394	redox active potentially interfering species	1351:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	4	3	theme	min	561:563	arg1	assay					565:569	The 7 min assay	555:569	The 7 min assay	555:569	The 7 min assay required a 100 μL sample and relied on an AST-free calibration.
25180617	7	4	theme	single-enzyme	1031:1043	arg1	assays					1045:1050	the single-enzyme assays	1027:1050	the single-enzyme assays	1027:1050	Perhaps the most promising was the fact that the assay and its calibration could be performed in the same solution even though the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays is typically more complex than that for the single-enzyme assays.
25180617	9	5	theme	active	1357:1362	arg1	species					1388:1394	redox active potentially interfering species	1351:1394	redox active potentially interfering species	1351:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	7	6	theme	assay	942:946	arg1	solution					948:955	the assay solution	938:955	the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays	938:985	Perhaps the most promising was the fact that the assay and its calibration could be performed in the same solution even though the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays is typically more complex than that for the single-enzyme assays.
25180617	8	7	theme	low	1188:1190	arg1	limit					1192:1196	the low limit	1184:1196	the low limit of detection	1184:1209	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	6	8	theme	U	782:782	arg1	-1					786:787	-1	786:787	-1	786:787	Its linear range extended up to 3500 pM (70 U L(-1)).
25180617	6	8	theme	U	782:782	arg1	L					784:784	70 U L	779:784	70 U L(-1)	779:788	Its linear range extended up to 3500 pM (70 U L(-1)).
25180617	7	9	theme	solution	948:955	arg1	complex					1005:1011	complex	1005:1011	complex	1005:1011	Perhaps the most promising was the fact that the assay and its calibration could be performed in the same solution even though the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays is typically more complex than that for the single-enzyme assays.
25180617	7	9	theme	solution	948:955	arg1	composition					923:933	the composition	919:933	the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays	919:985	Perhaps the most promising was the fact that the assay and its calibration could be performed in the same solution even though the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays is typically more complex than that for the single-enzyme assays.
25180617	1	10	theme	developed	72:80	arg1	ICECEA					145:150	ICECEA	145:150	ICECEA	145:150	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	10	theme	developed	72:80	arg1	assay					138:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay	59:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA)	59:151	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	9	11	theme	complex	1308:1314	arg1	matrix					1316:1321	the complex matrix	1304:1321	the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1304:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	8	12	theme	electrode	1071:1079	arg1	kinetics					1081:1088	the fast electrode kinetics	1062:1088	the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1062:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	5	13	theme	U	689:689	arg1	AST					679:681	5.0 pM AST	672:681	5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period	672:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	5	13	theme	U	689:689	arg1	L					691:691	0.10 U L(-1)	684:695	0.10 U L(-1)	684:695	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	0	14	from	nanotubes	48:56	arg1	assays					31:36	assays	31:36	assays	31:36	Electrochemical coupled-enzyme assays at carbon nanotubes.
25180617	1	15	theme	calibrated	93:102	arg1	ICECEA					145:150	ICECEA	145:150	ICECEA	145:150	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	15	theme	calibrated	93:102	arg1	assay					138:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay	59:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA)	59:151	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	16	theme	single-enzyme	181:193	arg1	systems					195:201	single-enzyme systems	181:201	single-enzyme systems	181:201	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	17	theme	electrochemical	104:118	arg1	ICECEA					145:150	ICECEA	145:150	ICECEA	145:150	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	17	theme	electrochemical	104:118	arg1	assay					138:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay	59:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA)	59:151	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	10	18	theme	assays	1493:1498	arg1	development					1457:1467	the development	1453:1467	the development of other coupled-enzyme assays	1453:1498	Given these advantages, the prospects for the ICECEA in the development of other coupled-enzyme assays were also discussed.
25180617	7	19	theme	same	893:896	arg1	solution					898:905	the same solution	889:905	the same solution	889:905	Perhaps the most promising was the fact that the assay and its calibration could be performed in the same solution even though the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays is typically more complex than that for the single-enzyme assays.
25180617	8	20	from	CNTs	1165:1168	arg1	kinetics					1081:1088	the fast electrode kinetics	1062:1088	the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1062:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	8	20	from	CNTs	1165:1168	arg1	reaction					1116:1123	the signal transducing reaction	1093:1123	the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1093:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	1	21	theme	continuous	120:129	arg1	ICECEA					145:150	ICECEA	145:150	ICECEA	145:150	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	21	theme	continuous	120:129	arg1	assay					138:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay	59:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA)	59:151	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	9	22	theme	AST	1297:1299	arg1	determination					1280:1292	the selective determination	1266:1292	the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1266:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	5	23	theme	incubation	719:728	arg1	period					730:735	the incubation period	715:735	the incubation period	715:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	8	24	theme	dinucleotide	1149:1160	arg1	reaction					1116:1123	the signal transducing reaction	1093:1123	the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1093:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	5	25	theme	equal	663:667	arg1	limit					644:648	a limit	642:648	a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period	642:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	9	26	theme	selective	1270:1278	arg1	determination					1280:1292	the selective determination	1266:1292	the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1266:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	2	27	theme	model	315:319	arg1	pair					328:331	a model enzyme pair	313:331	a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase	313:395	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	8	28	theme	signal	1097:1102	arg1	reaction					1116:1123	the signal transducing reaction	1093:1123	the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1093:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	2	29	theme	enzyme	321:326	arg1	pair					328:331	a model enzyme pair	313:331	a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase	313:395	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	4	30	theme	7	559:559	arg1	min					561:563	min	561:563	min	561:563	The 7 min assay required a 100 μL sample and relied on an AST-free calibration.
25180617	9	31	theme	samples	1332:1338	arg1	matrix					1316:1321	the complex matrix	1304:1321	the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1304:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	2	32	theme	malic	377:381	arg1	dehydrogenase					383:395	malic dehydrogenase	377:395	malic dehydrogenase	377:395	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	10	33	theme	other	1472:1476	arg1	assays					1493:1498	other coupled-enzyme assays	1472:1498	other coupled-enzyme assays	1472:1498	Given these advantages, the prospects for the ICECEA in the development of other coupled-enzyme assays were also discussed.
25180617	5	34	theme	5.0	672:674	arg1	pM					676:677	pM	676:677	pM	676:677	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	8	35	theme	reaction	1116:1123	arg1	kinetics					1081:1088	the fast electrode kinetics	1062:1088	the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1062:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	10	36	theme	coupled-enzyme	1478:1491	arg1	assays					1493:1498	other coupled-enzyme assays	1472:1498	other coupled-enzyme assays	1472:1498	Given these advantages, the prospects for the ICECEA in the development of other coupled-enzyme assays were also discussed.
25180617	4	37	theme	AST-free	613:620	arg1	calibration					622:632	an AST-free calibration	610:632	an AST-free calibration	610:632	The 7 min assay required a 100 μL sample and relied on an AST-free calibration.
25180617	0	38	theme	carbon	41:46	arg1	nanotubes					48:56	carbon nanotubes	41:56	carbon nanotubes	41:56	Electrochemical coupled-enzyme assays at carbon nanotubes.
25180617	8	39	from	kinetics	1081:1088	arg1	CNTs					1165:1168	CNTs	1165:1168	CNTs	1165:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	5	40	theme	pM	676:677	arg1	AST					679:681	5.0 pM AST	672:681	5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period	672:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	5	40	theme	pM	676:677	arg1	L					691:691	0.10 U L(-1)	684:695	0.10 U L(-1)	684:695	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	8	41	theme	transducing	1104:1114	arg1	reaction					1116:1123	the signal transducing reaction	1093:1123	the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1093:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	7	42	theme	coupled-enzyme	965:978	arg1	assays					980:985	the coupled-enzyme assays	961:985	the coupled-enzyme assays	961:985	Perhaps the most promising was the fact that the assay and its calibration could be performed in the same solution even though the composition of the assay solution for the coupled-enzyme assays is typically more complex than that for the single-enzyme assays.
25180617	5	43	with	AST	679:681	arg1	need					706:709	no need	703:709	no need for the incubation period	703:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	8	44	theme	detection	1201:1209	arg1	limit					1192:1196	the low limit	1184:1196	the low limit of detection	1184:1209	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	8	45	theme	nicotinamide	1128:1139	arg1	dinucleotide					1149:1160	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide	1128:1160	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide	1128:1160	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	9	46	contain	containing	1340:1349	arg1	samples					1332:1338	serum samples	1326:1338	serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1326:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	9	46	contain	containing	1340:1349	arg2	species					1388:1394	redox active potentially interfering species	1351:1394	redox active potentially interfering species	1351:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	6	47	theme	linear	742:747	arg1	range					749:753	Its linear range	738:753	Its linear range	738:753	Its linear range extended up to 3500 pM (70 U L(-1)).
25180617	9	48	theme	serum	1326:1330	arg1	samples					1332:1338	serum samples	1326:1338	serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species	1326:1394	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	9	49	theme	unique	1216:1221	arg1	shape					1223:1227	The unique shape	1212:1227	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram	1212:1252	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
25180617	2	50	theme	present	211:217	arg1	work					219:222	the present work	207:222	the present work	207:222	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	2	51	theme	aspartate	344:352	arg1	transaminase					354:365	aspartate transaminase	344:365	aspartate transaminase (AST)	344:371	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	2	51	theme	aspartate	344:352	arg1	AST					368:370	AST	368:370	AST	368:370	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	1	52	theme	enzyme	131:136	arg1	ICECEA					145:150	ICECEA	145:150	ICECEA	145:150	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	1	52	theme	enzyme	131:136	arg1	assay					138:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay	59:142	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA)	59:151	The recently developed internally calibrated electrochemical continuous enzyme assay (ICECEA) has proved to work well for single-enzyme systems.
25180617	4	53	theme	μL	586:587	arg1	sample					589:594	a 100 μL sample	580:594	a 100 μL sample	580:594	The 7 min assay required a 100 μL sample and relied on an AST-free calibration.
25180617	5	54	theme	detection	653:661	arg1	limit					644:648	a limit	642:648	a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period	642:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	10	55	from	prospects	1425:1433	arg1	development					1457:1467	the development	1453:1467	the development of other coupled-enzyme assays	1453:1498	Given these advantages, the prospects for the ICECEA in the development of other coupled-enzyme assays were also discussed.
25180617	2	56	theme	coupled-enzyme	259:272	arg1	measurements					274:285	more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements	242:285	more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements	242:285	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	8	57	theme	adenine	1141:1147	arg1	dinucleotide					1149:1160	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide	1128:1160	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide	1128:1160	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	6	58	dep	pM	775:776	arg1	-1					786:787	-1	786:787	-1	786:787	Its linear range extended up to 3500 pM (70 U L(-1)).
25180617	6	58	dep	pM	775:776	arg1	L					784:784	70 U L	779:784	70 U L(-1)	779:788	Its linear range extended up to 3500 pM (70 U L(-1)).
25180617	2	59	theme	challenging	247:257	arg1	measurements					274:285	more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements	242:285	more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements	242:285	In the present work, its relevance to more challenging coupled-enzyme measurements was investigated by using a model enzyme pair comprising aspartate transaminase (AST) and malic dehydrogenase.
25180617	3	60	theme	polysaccharide	504:517	arg1	adhesive					545:552	adhesive	545:552	adhesive	545:552	The ICECEA was performed at an electrode modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which were dispersed in a polysaccharide chitosan that acted as an adhesive.
25180617	3	60	theme	polysaccharide	504:517	arg1	chitosan					519:526	a polysaccharide chitosan	502:526	a polysaccharide chitosan that acted as an adhesive	502:552	The ICECEA was performed at an electrode modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which were dispersed in a polysaccharide chitosan that acted as an adhesive.
25180617	3	61	theme	carbon	453:458	arg1	CNTs					471:474	CNTs	471:474	CNTs	471:474	The ICECEA was performed at an electrode modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which were dispersed in a polysaccharide chitosan that acted as an adhesive.
25180617	3	61	theme	carbon	453:458	arg1	nanotubes					460:468	carbon nanotubes	453:468	carbon nanotubes (CNTs)	453:475	The ICECEA was performed at an electrode modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which were dispersed in a polysaccharide chitosan that acted as an adhesive.
25180617	8	62	theme	fast	1066:1069	arg1	kinetics					1081:1088	the fast electrode kinetics	1062:1088	the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs	1062:1168	This and the fast electrode kinetics of the signal transducing reaction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at CNTs accounted for the low limit of detection.
25180617	5	63	contain	had	638:640	arg1	It					635:636	It	635:636	It	635:636	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	5	63	contain	had	638:640	arg2	limit					644:648	a limit	642:648	a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period	642:735	It had a limit of detection equal to 5.0 pM AST (0.10 U L(-1)) with no need for the incubation period.
25180617	9	64	theme	ICECEA	1236:1241	arg1	amperogram					1243:1252	the ICECEA amperogram	1232:1252	the ICECEA amperogram	1232:1252	The unique shape of the ICECEA amperogram allowed for the selective determination of AST in the complex matrix of serum samples containing redox active potentially interfering species.
28099892	3	0	theme	NIPAAm	539:544	arg1	monomer					547:553	N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer	516:553	N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG)	516:674	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	7	1	theme	theranostic	1241:1251	arg1	applications					1253:1264	theranostic applications	1241:1264	theranostic applications	1241:1264	As results, we envision that the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG may be find theranostic applications, in part due to its smart physicochemical properties.
28099892	1	2	theme	polymeric	171:179	arg1	nanosystem					181:190	a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem	144:190	a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications	144:219	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	3	3	theme	free	562:565	arg1	radical					568:574	a 'free' radical	559:574	a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG)	559:674	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	4	4	theme	infrared	784:791	arg1	spectroscopy					800:811	infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	784:811	infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	784:811	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
28099892	2	5	theme	itaconat-functionalized	295:317	arg1	starch-IA					340:348	starch-IA	340:348	starch-IA	340:348	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	2	5	theme	itaconat-functionalized	295:317	arg1	macromonomer					326:337	an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer	292:337	an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA)	292:349	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	1	6	theme	stimuli-responsive	152:169	arg1	nanosystem					181:190	a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem	144:190	a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications	144:219	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	7	7	theme	smart	1286:1290	arg1	properties					1308:1317	its smart physicochemical properties	1282:1317	its smart physicochemical properties	1282:1317	As results, we envision that the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG may be find theranostic applications, in part due to its smart physicochemical properties.
28099892	3	8	theme	carboxylic	375:384	arg1	groups					397:402	carboxylic functional groups	375:402	carboxylic functional groups	375:402	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	5	9	theme	magnetic	944:951	arg1	properties					953:962	magnetic properties	944:962	magnetic properties	944:962	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	1	10	theme	theranostic	196:206	arg1	applications					208:219	theranostic applications	196:219	theranostic applications	196:219	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	1	11	theme	nanosystem	181:190	arg1	characterization					124:139	characterization	124:139	characterization	124:139	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	1	11	theme	nanosystem	181:190	arg1	aim					85:87	The aim	81:87	The aim of this study	81:101	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	1	11	theme	nanosystem	181:190	arg1	synthesis					110:118	synthesis	110:118	synthesis	110:118	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	3	12	theme	functional	386:395	arg1	groups					397:402	carboxylic functional groups	375:402	carboxylic functional groups	375:402	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	5	13	theme	lower	818:822	arg1	LCST					855:858	LCST	855:858	LCST	855:858	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	13	theme	lower	818:822	arg1	temperature					842:852	The lower critical solution temperature	814:852	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	814:859	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	14	theme	synthesized	971:981	arg1	MNHG					983:986	the synthesized MNHG	967:986	the synthesized MNHG	967:986	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	15	theme	elemental	898:906	arg1	composition					908:918	elemental composition	898:918	elemental composition	898:918	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	0	16	theme	novel	2:6	arg1	nanosystem					40:49	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem	0:49	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications	0:78	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	3	17	theme	polymerization	586:599	arg1	technique					601:609	polymerization technique	586:609	polymerization technique	586:609	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	3	18	theme	nanoparticles	461:473	arg1	surface					439:445	the surface	435:445	the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs)	435:485	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	7	19	theme	synthesized	1189:1199	arg1	MNHG					1224:1227	the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG	1185:1227	the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG	1185:1227	As results, we envision that the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG may be find theranostic applications, in part due to its smart physicochemical properties.
28099892	1	20	theme	study	97:101	arg1	aim					85:87	The aim	81:87	The aim of this study	81:101	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	1	20	theme	study	97:101	arg1	synthesis					110:118	synthesis	110:118	synthesis	110:118	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	3	21	with	macromonomer	357:368	arg1	groups					397:402	carboxylic functional groups	375:402	carboxylic functional groups	375:402	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	6	22	theme	stimuli-responsive	1071:1088	arg1	ability					1103:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability	1071:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG	1071:1133	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	0	23	theme	stimuli-responsive	21:38	arg1	nanosystem					40:49	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem	0:49	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications	0:78	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	3	24	theme	magnetic	647:654	arg1	nanohydrogel					656:667	a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel	622:667	a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG)	622:674	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	3	24	theme	magnetic	647:654	arg1	MNHG					670:673	MNHG	670:673	MNHG	670:673	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	5	25	theme	thermal	862:868	arg1	responsibility					870:883	thermal responsibility	862:883	thermal responsibility	862:883	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	0	26	theme	starch-based	8:19	arg1	nanosystem					40:49	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem	0:49	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications	0:78	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	properties					953:962	magnetic properties	944:962	magnetic properties	944:962	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	temperature					842:852	The lower critical solution temperature	814:852	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	814:859	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	responsibility					870:883	thermal responsibility	862:883	thermal responsibility	862:883	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	morphology					886:895	morphology	886:895	morphology	886:895	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	stability					929:937	thermal stability	921:937	thermal stability	921:937	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	LCST					855:858	LCST	855:858	LCST	855:858	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	27	theme	MNHG	983:986	arg1	composition					908:918	elemental composition	898:918	elemental composition	898:918	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	6	28	theme	MNHG	1130:1133	arg1	capacity					1051:1058	the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity	1020:1058	the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%)	1020:1065	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	6	28	theme	MNHG	1130:1133	arg1	%					1064:1064	∼74%	1061:1064	∼74%	1061:1064	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	6	28	theme	MNHG	1130:1133	arg1	ability					1103:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability	1071:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG	1071:1133	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	3	29	theme	iron	450:453	arg1	oxide					455:459	iron oxide	450:459	iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs)	450:485	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	4	30	theme	samples	708:714	arg1	structures					690:699	The chemical structures	677:699	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives	677:733	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
28099892	4	31	theme	chemical	681:688	arg1	structures					690:699	The chemical structures	677:699	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives	677:733	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
28099892	3	32	theme	oxide	455:459	arg1	nanoparticles					461:473	iron oxide nanoparticles	450:473	iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs)	450:485	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	3	32	theme	oxide	455:459	arg1	NPs					482:484	Fe3O4 NPs	476:484	Fe3O4 NPs	476:484	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	5	33	theme	critical	824:831	arg1	LCST					855:858	LCST	855:858	LCST	855:858	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	33	theme	critical	824:831	arg1	temperature					842:852	The lower critical solution temperature	814:852	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	814:859	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	3	34	theme	temperature-responsive	624:645	arg1	nanohydrogel					656:667	a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel	622:667	a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG)	622:674	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	3	34	theme	temperature-responsive	624:645	arg1	MNHG					670:673	MNHG	670:673	MNHG	670:673	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	6	35	theme	drug	1090:1093	arg1	ability					1103:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability	1071:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG	1071:1133	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	5	36	theme	solution	833:840	arg1	LCST					855:858	LCST	855:858	LCST	855:858	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	5	36	theme	solution	833:840	arg1	temperature					842:852	The lower critical solution temperature	814:852	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	814:859	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	3	37	theme	Fe3O4	476:480	arg1	nanoparticles					461:473	iron oxide nanoparticles	450:473	iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs)	450:485	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	3	37	theme	Fe3O4	476:480	arg1	NPs					482:484	Fe3O4 NPs	476:484	Fe3O4 NPs	476:484	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	3	38	theme	N-isopropylacrylamide	516:536	arg1	monomer					547:553	N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer	516:553	N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG)	516:674	This macromonomer with carboxylic functional groups was subsequently adsorbed onto the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomer via a 'free' radical initiated polymerization technique to produce a temperature-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel (MNHG).
28099892	0	39	theme	theranostic	55:65	arg1	applications					67:78	theranostic applications	55:78	theranostic applications	55:78	A novel starch-based stimuli-responsive nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28099892	4	40	dep	Fourier	766:772	arg1	transform					774:782	transform	774:782	transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	774:811	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
28099892	7	41	theme	physicochemical	1292:1306	arg1	properties					1308:1317	its smart physicochemical properties	1282:1317	its smart physicochemical properties	1282:1317	As results, we envision that the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG may be find theranostic applications, in part due to its smart physicochemical properties.
28099892	2	42	mod	modified	251:258	arg1	starch					240:245	starch	240:245	starch	240:245	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	2	42	mod	modified	251:258	arg3	anhydride					272:280	itaconic anhydride	263:280	itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA)	263:349	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	4	43	dep	infrared	784:791	arg1	FTIR					794:797	FTIR	794:797	FTIR	794:797	The chemical structures of all samples as representatives were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
28099892	2	44	theme	starch	319:324	arg1	starch-IA					340:348	starch-IA	340:348	starch-IA	340:348	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	2	44	theme	starch	319:324	arg1	macromonomer					326:337	an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer	292:337	an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA)	292:349	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	6	45	theme	synthesized	1118:1128	arg1	MNHG					1130:1133	the synthesized MNHG	1114:1133	the synthesized MNHG	1114:1133	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	2	46	theme	itaconic	263:270	arg1	anhydride					272:280	itaconic anhydride	263:280	itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA)	263:349	For this purpose, starch was modified by itaconic anhydride to afford an itaconat-functionalized starch macromonomer (starch-IA).
28099892	5	47	theme	thermal	921:927	arg1	stability					929:937	thermal stability	921:937	thermal stability	921:937	The lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thermal responsibility, morphology, elemental composition, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the synthesized MNHG were investigated.
28099892	6	48	theme	release	1095:1101	arg1	ability					1103:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability	1071:1109	stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG	1071:1133	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	6	49	theme	-loading	1042:1049	arg1	capacity					1051:1058	the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity	1020:1058	the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%)	1020:1065	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	6	49	theme	-loading	1042:1049	arg1	%					1064:1064	∼74%	1061:1064	∼74%	1061:1064	In addition, the methotrexate (MTX)-loading capacity (∼74%) and stimuli-responsive drug release ability of the synthesized MNHG were also evaluated.
28099892	7	50	theme	starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4	1201:1222	arg1	MNHG					1224:1227	the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG	1185:1227	the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG	1185:1227	As results, we envision that the synthesized starch-g-PNIPAAm/Fe3O4 MNHG may be find theranostic applications, in part due to its smart physicochemical properties.
28099892	1	51	theme	novel	146:150	arg1	nanosystem					181:190	a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem	144:190	a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications	144:219	The aim of this study was to synthesis and characterization of a novel stimuli-responsive polymeric nanosystem for theranostic applications.
28230255	14	0	dep	thickener	1609:1617	arg1	a					1607:1607	a	1607:1607	a	1607:1607	WSP from S1 could also be applied as a thickener or emulsifier owing to its high Mw distribution.
28230255	13	1	from	CSP	1440:1442	arg1	WSP					1424:1426	WSP	1424:1426	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2	1424:1456	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	1	from	CSP	1440:1442	arg1	agents					1483:1488	gelling agents	1475:1488	gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1475:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	6	2	theme	arabinose + galactose	824:844	arg1	/rhamnose					846:854	(arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose	823:854	(arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose	823:854	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose indicated that the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP degraded in S2, S3 and S4 respectively.
28230255	11	3	theme	fruit	1314:1318	arg1	ripened					1320:1326	jujube fruit ripened	1307:1326	jujube fruit ripened	1307:1326	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	2	4	theme	weight	264:269	arg1	distribution					277:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	13	5	from	S6	1433:1434	arg1	WSP					1424:1426	WSP	1424:1426	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2	1424:1456	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	5	from	S6	1433:1434	arg1	agents					1483:1488	gelling agents	1475:1488	gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1475:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	6	theme	contents	1560:1567	arg1	products					1514:1521	low-sugar-containing products	1493:1521	low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1493:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	14	7	theme	high	1646:1649	arg1	distribution					1654:1665	its high Mw distribution	1642:1665	its high Mw distribution	1642:1665	WSP from S1 could also be applied as a thickener or emulsifier owing to its high Mw distribution.
28230255	12	8	theme	pectins	1385:1391	arg1	source					1375:1380	a promising alternative source	1351:1380	a promising alternative source of pectins	1351:1391	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	12	8	theme	pectins	1385:1391	arg1	fruit					1336:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	4	9	theme	chelate-soluble	558:572	arg1	content					587:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content	554:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content	554:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content reached a maximum level at S3 but decreased significantly from S3 to S4.
28230255	14	10	from	S1	1579:1580	arg1	WSP					1570:1572	WSP	1570:1572	WSP from S1	1570:1580	WSP from S1 could also be applied as a thickener or emulsifier owing to its high Mw distribution.
28230255	14	10	from	S1	1579:1580	arg1	emulsifier					1622:1631	emulsifier	1622:1631	emulsifier	1622:1631	WSP from S1 could also be applied as a thickener or emulsifier owing to its high Mw distribution.
28230255	14	10	from	S1	1579:1580	arg1	thickener					1609:1617	thickener	1609:1617	thickener	1609:1617	WSP from S1 could also be applied as a thickener or emulsifier owing to its high Mw distribution.
28230255	12	11	theme	promising	1353:1361	arg1	source					1375:1380	a promising alternative source	1351:1380	a promising alternative source of pectins	1351:1391	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	12	11	theme	promising	1353:1361	arg1	fruit					1336:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	13	12	theme	low-sugar-containing	1493:1512	arg1	products					1514:1521	low-sugar-containing products	1493:1521	low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1493:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	11	13	dep	CONCLUSION	1202:1211	arg1	changed					1287:1293	changed	1287:1293	changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened	1287:1326	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	11	14	theme	pectins	1279:1285	arg1	content					1217:1223	content	1217:1223	content	1217:1223	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	11	14	theme	pectins	1279:1285	arg1	DM					1253:1254	DM	1253:1254	DM	1253:1254	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	11	14	theme	pectins	1279:1285	arg1	Mw					1260:1261	Mw	1260:1261	Mw	1260:1261	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	11	14	theme	pectins	1279:1285	arg1	composition					1240:1250	neutral sugar composition	1226:1250	neutral sugar composition	1226:1250	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	2	15	theme	sugar	235:239	arg1	composition					241:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	0	16	theme	jujube	57:62	arg1	fruit					64:68	jujube fruit	57:68	jujube fruit	57:68	Changes in pectin characteristics during the ripening of jujube fruit.
28230255	0	17	theme	pectin	11:16	arg1	characteristics					18:32	pectin characteristics	11:32	pectin characteristics	11:32	Changes in pectin characteristics during the ripening of jujube fruit.
28230255	1	18	theme	flesh	132:136	arg1	firmness					138:145	flesh firmness	132:145	flesh firmness	132:145	BACKGROUND Pectin is related to fruit maturation and loss of flesh firmness.
28230255	13	19	theme	methoxyl	1544:1551	arg1	contents					1560:1567	their low methoxyl pectin contents	1534:1567	their low methoxyl pectin contents	1534:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	4	20	theme	maximum	605:611	arg1	level					613:617	a maximum level	603:617	a maximum level	603:617	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content reached a maximum level at S3 but decreased significantly from S3 to S4.
28230255	11	21	theme	jujube	1307:1312	arg1	ripened					1320:1326	jujube fruit ripened	1307:1326	jujube fruit ripened	1307:1326	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	5	22	from	CSP	784:786	arg1	S4					799:800	S4	799:800	S4	799:800	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	0	23	from	Changes	0:6	arg1	characteristics					18:32	pectin characteristics	11:32	pectin characteristics	11:32	Changes in pectin characteristics during the ripening of jujube fruit.
28230255	15	24	theme	Chemical	1686:1693	arg1	Industry					1695:1702	Chemical Industry	1686:1702	Chemical Industry	1686:1702	© 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
28230255	5	25	from	WSP	779:781	arg1	S4					799:800	S4	799:800	S4	799:800	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	6	26	theme	/rhamnose	846:854	arg1	ratios					813:818	The ratios	809:818	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose	809:854	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose indicated that the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP degraded in S2, S3 and S4 respectively.
28230255	11	27	theme	sugar	1234:1238	arg1	composition					1240:1250	neutral sugar composition	1226:1250	neutral sugar composition	1226:1250	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	1	28	theme	BACKGROUND	71:80	arg1	Pectin					82:87	BACKGROUND Pectin	71:87	BACKGROUND Pectin	71:87	BACKGROUND Pectin is related to fruit maturation and loss of flesh firmness.
28230255	2	29	theme	fruit	383:387	arg1	stages					355:360	six different growth stages	334:360	six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit	334:387	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	29	theme	fruit	383:387	arg1	S6					369:370	S1 to S6	363:370	S1 to S6	363:370	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	30	theme	different	338:346	arg1	stages					355:360	six different growth stages	334:360	six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit	334:387	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	30	theme	different	338:346	arg1	S6					369:370	S1 to S6	363:370	S1 to S6	363:370	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	5	31	theme	branched	705:712	arg1	Arabinose					668:676	Arabinose	668:676	Arabinose	668:676	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	5	31	theme	branched	705:712	arg1	monosaccharide					722:735	the principal branched neutral monosaccharide	691:735	the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth	691:759	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	5	32	from	SSP	792:794	arg1	S4					799:800	S4	799:800	S4	799:800	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	12	33	theme	degree	1416:1421	arg1	terms					1396:1400	terms	1396:1400	terms of maturation degree	1396:1421	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	2	34	theme	neutral	227:233	arg1	composition					241:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	3	35	from	decrease	503:510	arg1	WSP					492:494	WSP	492:494	WSP	492:494	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	35	from	decrease	503:510	arg1	pectin					540:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin	515:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP)	515:551	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	35	from	decrease	503:510	arg1	pectin					484:489	water-soluble pectin	470:489	water-soluble pectin (WSP)	470:495	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	35	from	decrease	503:510	arg1	SSP					548:550	SSP	548:550	SSP	548:550	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	7	36	theme	fruit	1001:1005	arg1	ripened					1007:1013	jujube fruit ripened	994:1013	jujube fruit ripened	994:1013	SSP depolymerized from S2 and increased as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	2	37	theme	S1	363:364	arg1	stages					355:360	six different growth stages	334:360	six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit	334:387	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	37	theme	S1	363:364	arg1	S6					369:370	S1 to S6	363:370	S1 to S6	363:370	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	13	38	used	used	1467:1470	arg2	WSP					1424:1426	WSP	1424:1426	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2	1424:1456	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	38	used	used	1467:1470	arg2	agents					1483:1488	gelling agents	1475:1488	gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1475:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	2	39	dep	S6	369:370	arg1	to					366:367	to	366:367	to	366:367	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	12	40	from	source	1375:1380	arg1	terms					1396:1400	terms	1396:1400	terms of maturation degree	1396:1421	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	2	41	theme	pectin	177:182	arg1	degree					294:299	degree	294:299	degree of methylesterification (DM)	294:328	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	41	theme	pectin	177:182	arg1	composition					241:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	41	theme	pectin	177:182	arg1	distribution					277:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	41	theme	pectin	177:182	arg1	content					218:224	pectin content	211:224	pectin content	211:224	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	41	theme	pectin	177:182	arg1	characteristics					184:198	pectin characteristics	177:198	pectin characteristics	177:198	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	3	42	dep	RESULTS	404:410	arg1	corresponded					439:450	corresponded	439:450	corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP)	439:551	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	10	43	located	observed	1154:1161	arg1	WSP					1166:1168	WSP	1166:1168	WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6)	1166:1199	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	10	43	located	observed	1154:1161	arg2	lowest					1143:1148	lowest	1143:1148	lowest	1143:1148	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	3	44	theme	fruit	433:437	arg1	growth					416:421	The growth	412:421	The growth of jujube fruit	412:437	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	13	45	theme	low	1540:1542	arg1	contents					1560:1567	their low methoxyl pectin contents	1534:1567	their low methoxyl pectin contents	1534:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	3	46	theme	water-soluble	470:482	arg1	WSP					492:494	WSP	492:494	WSP	492:494	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	46	theme	water-soluble	470:482	arg1	pectin					484:489	water-soluble pectin	470:489	water-soluble pectin (WSP)	470:495	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	stages					355:360	six different growth stages	334:360	six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit	334:387	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	distribution					277:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	characteristics					184:198	pectin characteristics	177:198	pectin characteristics	177:198	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	degree					294:299	degree	294:299	degree of methylesterification (DM)	294:328	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	content					218:224	pectin content	211:224	pectin content	211:224	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	S6					369:370	S1 to S6	363:370	S1 to S6	363:370	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	47	from	changes	166:172	arg1	composition					241:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	4	48	dep	S4	664:665	arg1	S3					658:659	S3	658:659	S3	658:659	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content reached a maximum level at S3 but decreased significantly from S3 to S4.
28230255	13	49	theme	pectin	1553:1558	arg1	contents					1560:1567	their low methoxyl pectin contents	1534:1567	their low methoxyl pectin contents	1534:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	10	50	theme	jujube	1183:1188	arg1	S6					1197:1198	S6	1197:1198	S6	1197:1198	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	10	50	theme	jujube	1183:1188	arg1	fruit					1190:1194	ripened jujube fruit	1175:1194	ripened jujube fruit (S6)	1175:1199	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	2	51	theme	molecular	254:262	arg1	weight					264:269	molecular weight	254:269	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	51	theme	molecular	254:262	arg1	Mw					272:273	Mw	272:273	Mw	272:273	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	4	52	theme	pectin	574:579	arg1	content					587:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content	554:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content	554:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content reached a maximum level at S3 but decreased significantly from S3 to S4.
28230255	14	53	theme	Mw	1651:1652	arg1	distribution					1654:1665	its high Mw distribution	1642:1665	its high Mw distribution	1642:1665	WSP from S1 could also be applied as a thickener or emulsifier owing to its high Mw distribution.
28230255	4	54	theme	CSP	582:584	arg1	content					587:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content	554:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content	554:593	The chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) content reached a maximum level at S3 but decreased significantly from S3 to S4.
28230255	13	55	theme	gelling	1475:1481	arg1	WSP					1424:1426	WSP	1424:1426	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2	1424:1456	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	55	theme	gelling	1475:1481	arg1	agents					1483:1488	gelling agents	1475:1488	gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1475:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	2	56	theme	methylesterification	304:323	arg1	degree					294:299	degree	294:299	degree of methylesterification (DM)	294:328	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	56	theme	methylesterification	304:323	arg1	content					218:224	pectin content	211:224	pectin content	211:224	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	56	theme	methylesterification	304:323	arg1	distribution					277:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	molecular weight (Mw ) distribution	254:288	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	56	theme	methylesterification	304:323	arg1	composition					241:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	neutral sugar composition	227:251	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	12	57	theme	alternative	1363:1373	arg1	source					1375:1380	a promising alternative source	1351:1380	a promising alternative source of pectins	1351:1391	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	12	57	theme	alternative	1363:1373	arg1	fruit					1336:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	6	58	theme	branched	875:882	arg1	chains					884:889	the branched chains	871:889	the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP	871:909	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose indicated that the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP degraded in S2, S3 and S4 respectively.
28230255	11	59	dep	content	1217:1223	arg1	distribution					1263:1274	distribution	1263:1274	distribution	1263:1274	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	11	59	dep	content	1217:1223	arg1	The					1213:1215	The	1213:1215	The	1213:1215	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	9	60	theme	pectins	1078:1084	arg1	DM					1072:1073	The DM	1068:1073	The DM of pectins	1068:1084	The DM of pectins ranged from 45.38 to 92.21%.
28230255	1	61	theme	fruit	103:107	arg1	maturation					109:118	fruit maturation	103:118	fruit maturation	103:118	BACKGROUND Pectin is related to fruit maturation and loss of flesh firmness.
28230255	7	62	theme	jujube	994:999	arg1	ripened					1007:1013	jujube fruit ripened	994:1013	jujube fruit ripened	994:1013	SSP depolymerized from S2 and increased as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	6	63	theme	WSP	894:896	arg1	chains					884:889	the branched chains	871:889	the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP	871:909	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose indicated that the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP degraded in S2, S3 and S4 respectively.
28230255	0	64	theme	fruit	64:68	arg1	ripening					45:52	the ripening	41:52	the ripening of jujube fruit	41:68	Changes in pectin characteristics during the ripening of jujube fruit.
28230255	3	65	theme	carbonate-soluble	522:538	arg1	pectin					540:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin	515:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP)	515:551	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	65	theme	carbonate-soluble	522:538	arg1	SSP					548:550	SSP	548:550	SSP	548:550	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	66	from	increase	458:465	arg1	WSP					492:494	WSP	492:494	WSP	492:494	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	66	from	increase	458:465	arg1	pectin					540:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin	515:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP)	515:551	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	66	from	increase	458:465	arg1	pectin					484:489	water-soluble pectin	470:489	water-soluble pectin (WSP)	470:495	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	66	from	increase	458:465	arg1	SSP					548:550	SSP	548:550	SSP	548:550	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	1	67	theme	firmness	138:145	arg1	loss					124:127	loss	124:127	loss of flesh firmness	124:145	BACKGROUND Pectin is related to fruit maturation and loss of flesh firmness.
28230255	1	67	theme	firmness	138:145	arg1	maturation					109:118	fruit maturation	103:118	fruit maturation	103:118	BACKGROUND Pectin is related to fruit maturation and loss of flesh firmness.
28230255	13	68	from	agents	1483:1488	arg1	products					1514:1521	low-sugar-containing products	1493:1521	low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1493:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	12	69	theme	Jujube	1329:1334	arg1	source					1375:1380	a promising alternative source	1351:1380	a promising alternative source of pectins	1351:1391	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	12	69	theme	Jujube	1329:1334	arg1	fruit					1336:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit	1329:1340	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	11	70	theme	neutral	1226:1232	arg1	composition					1240:1250	neutral sugar composition	1226:1250	neutral sugar composition	1226:1250	CONCLUSION The content, neutral sugar composition, DM and Mw distribution of pectins changed markedly as jujube fruit ripened.
28230255	5	71	from	monosaccharide	722:735	arg1	pectin					740:745	pectin	740:745	pectin	740:745	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	2	72	theme	growth	348:353	arg1	stages					355:360	six different growth stages	334:360	six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit	334:387	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	2	72	theme	growth	348:353	arg1	S6					369:370	S1 to S6	363:370	S1 to S6	363:370	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	5	73	theme	principal	695:703	arg1	Arabinose					668:676	Arabinose	668:676	Arabinose	668:676	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	5	73	theme	principal	695:703	arg1	monosaccharide					722:735	the principal branched neutral monosaccharide	691:735	the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth	691:759	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	2	74	theme	jujube	376:381	arg1	fruit					383:387	jujube fruit	376:387	jujube fruit	376:387	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	5	75	theme	neutral	714:720	arg1	Arabinose					668:676	Arabinose	668:676	Arabinose	668:676	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	5	75	theme	neutral	714:720	arg1	monosaccharide					722:735	the principal branched neutral monosaccharide	691:735	the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth	691:759	Arabinose proved to be the principal branched neutral monosaccharide in pectin during growth and was lost from WSP, CSP and SSP in S4 to S6.
28230255	13	76	from	S2	1455:1456	arg1	WSP					1424:1426	WSP	1424:1426	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2	1424:1456	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	76	from	S2	1455:1456	arg1	agents					1483:1488	gelling agents	1475:1488	gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1475:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	12	77	theme	maturation	1405:1414	arg1	degree					1416:1421	maturation degree	1405:1421	maturation degree	1405:1421	Jujube fruit could be a promising alternative source of pectins in terms of maturation degree.
28230255	6	78	theme	SSP	907:909	arg1	chains					884:889	the branched chains	871:889	the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP	871:909	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose indicated that the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP degraded in S2, S3 and S4 respectively.
28230255	9	79	dep	92.21	1107:1111	arg1	to					1104:1105	to	1104:1105	to	1104:1105	The DM of pectins ranged from 45.38 to 92.21%.
28230255	10	80	theme	obtained	1125:1132	arg1	DMs					1134:1136	the obtained DMs	1121:1136	the obtained DMs	1121:1136	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	13	81	from	S1	1449:1450	arg1	WSP					1424:1426	WSP	1424:1426	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2	1424:1456	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	13	81	from	S1	1449:1450	arg1	agents					1483:1488	gelling agents	1475:1488	gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents	1475:1567	WSP from S6 and CSP from S1 or S2 could be used as gelling agents in low-sugar-containing products because of their low methoxyl pectin contents.
28230255	6	82	theme	CSP	899:901	arg1	chains					884:889	the branched chains	871:889	the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP	871:909	The ratios of (arabinose + galactose)/rhamnose indicated that the branched chains of WSP, CSP and SSP degraded in S2, S3 and S4 respectively.
28230255	10	83	from	fruit	1190:1194	arg1	WSP					1166:1168	WSP	1166:1168	WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6)	1166:1199	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	3	84	theme	jujube	426:431	arg1	fruit					433:437	jujube fruit	426:437	jujube fruit	426:437	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	85	theme	sodium	515:520	arg1	pectin					540:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin	515:545	sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP)	515:551	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	3	85	theme	sodium	515:520	arg1	SSP					548:550	SSP	548:550	SSP	548:550	RESULTS The growth of jujube fruit corresponded to an increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and a decrease in sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (SSP).
28230255	2	86	theme	pectin	211:216	arg1	content					218:224	pectin content	211:224	pectin content	211:224	In this research, changes in pectin characteristics, including pectin content, neutral sugar composition, molecular weight (Mw ) distribution and degree of methylesterification (DM), in six different growth stages (S1 to S6) of jujube fruit were assessed.
28230255	10	87	theme	ripened	1175:1181	arg1	S6					1197:1198	S6	1197:1198	S6	1197:1198	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
28230255	10	87	theme	ripened	1175:1181	arg1	fruit					1190:1194	ripened jujube fruit	1175:1194	ripened jujube fruit (S6)	1175:1199	Among the obtained DMs, the lowest was observed in WSP from ripened jujube fruit (S6).
27960552	0	0	theme	Urtica	98:103	arg1	antioxidant					50:60	antioxidant	50:60	antioxidant	50:60	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	0	0	theme	Urtica	98:103	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	0	0	theme	Urtica	98:103	arg1	constituents					36:47	phytochemical constituents	22:47	phytochemical constituents	22:47	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	0	0	theme	Urtica	98:103	arg1	activities					84:93	anti-inflammatory activities	66:93	anti-inflammatory activities	66:93	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	1	1	theme	-induced	309:316	arg1	oedema					322:327	Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema	228:327	Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema	228:327	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	5	2	theme	EtOH	727:730	arg1	extract					732:738	EtOH extract	727:738	EtOH extract	727:738	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	3	theme	flavonoids	789:798	arg1	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	3	theme	flavonoids	789:798	arg1	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	3	theme	flavonoids	789:798	arg1	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	3	theme	flavonoids	789:798	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	3	theme	flavonoids	789:798	arg1	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	3	theme	flavonoids	789:798	arg1	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	3	4	theme	antioxidant	461:471	arg1	activity					473:480	antioxidant activity	461:480	antioxidant activity	461:480	The extracts were analysed for proximate composition and antioxidant activity using standard chemical analysis methods.
27960552	6	5	theme	superoxide	946:955	arg1	SOD					968:970	SOD	968:970	SOD	968:970	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	6	5	theme	superoxide	946:955	arg1	dismutase					957:965	superoxide dismutase	946:965	superoxide dismutase (SOD)	946:971	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	6	6	theme	CARR	875:878	arg1	administration					880:893	CARR administration	875:893	CARR administration	875:893	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	1	7	theme	paw	318:320	arg1	oedema					322:327	Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema	228:327	Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema	228:327	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	7	8	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1035:1045	arg1	Uu					1047:1048	CONCLUSIONS Uu	1035:1048	CONCLUSIONS Uu	1035:1048	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	1	9	theme	oedema	322:327	arg1	composition					186:196	the chemical composition	173:196	the chemical composition	173:196	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	1	9	theme	oedema	322:327	arg1	properties					214:223	antioxidant properties	202:223	antioxidant properties	202:223	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	4	10	theme	fibre	700:704	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	6	11	theme	paw	858:860	arg1	oedema					862:867	the paw oedema	854:867	the paw oedema	854:867	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	6	12	theme	malondialdehyde	1012:1026	arg1	activities					916:925	the activities	912:925	the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA)	912:1032	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	4	13	theme	dry	614:616	arg1	mass					618:621	dry mass	614:621	dry mass	614:621	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	3	14	theme	chemical	497:504	arg1	methods					515:521	standard chemical analysis methods	488:521	standard chemical analysis methods	488:521	The extracts were analysed for proximate composition and antioxidant activity using standard chemical analysis methods.
27960552	5	15	theme	flavonols	830:838	arg1	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	15	theme	flavonols	830:838	arg1	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	15	theme	flavonols	830:838	arg1	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	15	theme	flavonols	830:838	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	15	theme	flavonols	830:838	arg1	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	15	theme	flavonols	830:838	arg1	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	4	16	theme	carbohydrates	631:643	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	7	17	theme	minerals	1100:1107	arg1	source					1090:1095	a natural source	1080:1095	a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties	1080:1150	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	1	18	from	effect	281:286	arg1	carrageenan					291:301	carrageenan	291:301	carrageenan	291:301	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	3	19	theme	analysis	506:513	arg1	methods					515:521	standard chemical analysis methods	488:521	standard chemical analysis methods	488:521	The extracts were analysed for proximate composition and antioxidant activity using standard chemical analysis methods.
27960552	8	20	theme	EtOH	1153:1156	arg1	extract					1158:1164	EtOH extract	1153:1164	EtOH extract	1153:1164	EtOH extract exhibited a significant inhibition against CARR-induced inflammation.
27960552	7	21	theme	natural	1082:1088	arg1	source					1090:1095	a natural source	1080:1095	a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties	1080:1150	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	4	22	dep	RESULTS	524:530	arg1	analysis					546:553	The proximate analysis	532:553	RESULTS The proximate analysis	524:553	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	7	23	theme	antioxidant	1129:1139	arg1	properties					1141:1150	antioxidant properties	1129:1150	antioxidant properties	1129:1150	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	0	24	dep	Urtica	98:103	arg1	L.					111:112	Urtica urens L.	98:112	Urtica urens L.	98:112	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	1	25	theme	chemical	177:184	arg1	composition					186:196	the chemical composition	173:196	the chemical composition	173:196	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	0	26	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	6	27	theme	peroxidase	986:995	arg1	activities					916:925	the activities	912:925	the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA)	912:1032	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	0	28	theme	phytochemical	22:34	arg1	constituents					36:47	phytochemical constituents	22:47	phytochemical constituents	22:47	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	5	29	theme	total	772:776	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	6	30	theme	glutathione	974:984	arg1	peroxidase					986:995	glutathione peroxidase	974:995	glutathione peroxidase (GPx)	974:1001	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	6	30	theme	glutathione	974:984	arg1	GPx					998:1000	GPx	998:1000	GPx	998:1000	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	4	31	theme	mass	618:621	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	1	32	theme	anti-inflammatory	263:279	arg1	effect					281:286	its anti-inflammatory effect	259:286	Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)	228:308	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	2	33	dep	METHODS	338:344	arg1	The					346:348	The	346:348	The	346:348	METHODS The leaves were extracted using ethanol (EtOH) and water.
27960552	2	33	dep	METHODS	338:344	arg1	leaves					350:355	leaves	350:355	leaves	350:355	METHODS The leaves were extracted using ethanol (EtOH) and water.
27960552	4	34	dep	leaves	570:575	arg1	contained					577:585	contained	577:585	leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	570:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	1	35	theme	antioxidant	202:212	arg1	properties					214:223	antioxidant properties	202:223	antioxidant properties	202:223	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	7	36	theme	high	1062:1065	arg1	potential					1067:1075	a high potential	1060:1075	a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties	1060:1150	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	4	37	theme	proximate	536:544	arg1	analysis					546:553	The proximate analysis	532:553	RESULTS The proximate analysis	524:553	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	5	38	theme	tannins	801:807	arg1	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	38	theme	tannins	801:807	arg1	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	38	theme	tannins	801:807	arg1	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	38	theme	tannins	801:807	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	38	theme	tannins	801:807	arg1	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	38	theme	tannins	801:807	arg1	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	4	39	theme	ashes	624:628	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	5	40	theme	ortho-diphenols	810:824	arg1	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	40	theme	ortho-diphenols	810:824	arg1	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	40	theme	ortho-diphenols	810:824	arg1	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	40	theme	ortho-diphenols	810:824	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	40	theme	ortho-diphenols	810:824	arg1	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	40	theme	ortho-diphenols	810:824	arg1	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	8	41	theme	CARR-induced	1209:1220	arg1	inflammation					1222:1233	CARR-induced inflammation	1209:1233	CARR-induced inflammation	1209:1233	EtOH extract exhibited a significant inhibition against CARR-induced inflammation.
27960552	5	42	theme	phenolics	778:786	arg1	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	42	theme	phenolics	778:786	arg1	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	42	theme	phenolics	778:786	arg1	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	42	theme	phenolics	778:786	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	42	theme	phenolics	778:786	arg1	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	42	theme	phenolics	778:786	arg1	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	1	43	from	properties	214:223	arg1	rats					332:335	rats	332:335	rats	332:335	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	8	44	theme	significant	1178:1188	arg1	inhibition					1190:1199	a significant inhibition	1176:1199	a significant inhibition	1176:1199	EtOH extract exhibited a significant inhibition against CARR-induced inflammation.
27960552	5	45	theme	highest	754:760	arg1	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	45	theme	highest	754:760	arg1	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	45	theme	highest	754:760	arg1	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	45	theme	highest	754:760	arg1	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	45	theme	highest	754:760	arg1	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	45	theme	highest	754:760	arg1	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	6	46	theme	catalase	930:937	arg1	activities					916:925	the activities	912:925	the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA)	912:1032	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
27960552	4	47	theme	anthocyanin	672:682	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	1	48	dep	OBJECTIVE	122:130	arg1	was					154:156	was	154:156	was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats	154:335	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	1	49	theme	study	148:152	arg1	aim					136:138	The aim	132:138	The aim of this study	132:152	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	7	50	theme	phytochemicals	1110:1123	arg1	source					1090:1095	a natural source	1080:1095	a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties	1080:1150	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	4	51	theme	carotenoid	685:694	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	4	52	theme	appreciable	587:597	arg1	percentages					599:609	appreciable percentages	587:609	appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre	587:704	RESULTS The proximate analysis showed that Uu leaves contained appreciable percentages of dry mass, ashes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, sugars, anthocyanin, carotenoid and fibre.
27960552	3	53	theme	proximate	435:443	arg1	composition					445:455	proximate composition	435:455	proximate composition	435:455	The extracts were analysed for proximate composition and antioxidant activity using standard chemical analysis methods.
27960552	7	54	theme	properties	1141:1150	arg1	source					1090:1095	a natural source	1080:1095	a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties	1080:1150	CONCLUSIONS Uu displayed a high potential as a natural source of minerals, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg2	phenolics					778:786	total phenolics	772:786	total phenolics	772:786	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg2	ortho-diphenols					810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	ortho-diphenols	810:824	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg2	flavonols					830:838	flavonols	830:838	flavonols	830:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg1	extract					732:738	EtOH extract	727:738	EtOH extract	727:738	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg2	amount					762:767	the highest amount	750:767	the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols	750:838	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg2	flavonoids					789:798	flavonoids	789:798	flavonoids	789:798	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	5	55	contain	contained	740:748	arg2	tannins					801:807	tannins	801:807	tannins	801:807	Results showed that EtOH extract contained the highest amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, ortho-diphenols and flavonols.
27960552	1	56	from	composition	186:196	arg1	rats					332:335	rats	332:335	rats	332:335	OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of Urtica urens L.(Uu) as well as its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan (CARR)-induced paw oedema in rats.
27960552	0	57	theme	anti-inflammatory	66:82	arg1	activities					84:93	anti-inflammatory activities	66:93	anti-inflammatory activities	66:93	Chemical composition, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Urtica urens L. leaves.
27960552	3	58	theme	standard	488:495	arg1	methods					515:521	standard chemical analysis methods	488:521	standard chemical analysis methods	488:521	The extracts were analysed for proximate composition and antioxidant activity using standard chemical analysis methods.
27960552	6	59	theme	dismutase	957:965	arg1	activities					916:925	the activities	912:925	the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA)	912:1032	It decreased the paw oedema after CARR administration, and ameliorated the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the malondialdehyde (MDA).
26302315	3	0	theme	films	682:686	arg1	antibacterial					631:643	antibacterial	631:643	antibacterial	631:643	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	3	0	theme	films	682:686	arg1	structure					511:519	structure	511:519	structure	511:519	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	4	1	used	used	727:730	arg2	spectra					714:720	FT-IR spectra	708:720	FT-IR spectra	708:720	FT-IR spectra were used to obtain information about the nanoparticle-matrix interactions.
26302315	12	2	theme	neat	2026:2029	arg1	CO					2031:2032	neat CO	2026:2032	neat CO	2026:2032	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	10	3	theme	light	1757:1761	arg1	presence					1726:1733	presence	1726:1733	presence	1726:1733	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	10	3	theme	light	1757:1761	arg1	absence					1743:1749	the absence	1739:1749	the absence	1739:1749	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	1	4	theme	available	157:165	arg1	oil					229:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	4	theme	available	157:165	arg1	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	12	5	theme	faster	2000:2005	arg1	healing					2013:2019	a faster wound healing	1998:2019	a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze	1998:2050	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	9	6	theme	enhanced	1440:1447	arg1	performance					1468:1478	significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance	1426:1478	significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO	1426:1542	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	10	7	theme	antibacterial	1585:1597	arg1	activity					1599:1606	The antibacterial activity	1581:1606	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria	1581:1700	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	1	8	theme	-modified	368:376	arg1	nanoparticles					382:394	chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	355:394	chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	355:394	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	9	9	theme	mechanical	1457:1466	arg1	performance					1468:1478	significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance	1426:1478	significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO	1426:1542	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	12	10	dep	good	1954:1957	arg1	in					1959:1960	in	1959:1960	in	1959:1960	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	5	11	theme	water	857:861	arg1	absorption					863:872	water absorption	857:872	water absorption	857:872	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	4	12	theme	FT-IR	708:712	arg1	spectra					714:720	FT-IR spectra	708:720	FT-IR spectra	708:720	FT-IR spectra were used to obtain information about the nanoparticle-matrix interactions.
26302315	10	13	theme	films	1615:1619	arg1	activity					1599:1606	The antibacterial activity	1581:1606	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria	1581:1700	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	12	14	theme	antibacterial	2100:2112	arg1	dressings					2120:2128	antibacterial wound dressings	2100:2128	antibacterial wound dressings	2100:2128	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	9	15	theme	glass	1501:1505	arg1	transition					1507:1516	glass transition	1501:1516	glass transition temperature	1501:1528	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	12	16	theme	great	2067:2071	arg1	potential					2073:2081	great potential	2067:2081	great potential	2067:2081	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	1	17	theme	nanocomposite	323:335	arg1	films					337:341	biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films	291:341	biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	291:394	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	0	18	theme	ZnO	102:104	arg1	Nanoparticles					106:118	Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	84:118	Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	84:118	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	1	19	theme	chitosan	355:362	arg1	nanoparticles					382:394	chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	355:394	chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	355:394	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	12	20	theme	good	1954:1957	arg1	cytocompatibility					1968:1984	very good in vitro cytocompatibility	1949:1984	very good in vitro cytocompatibility	1949:1984	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	0	21	theme	Polymeric	52:60	arg1	Films					62:66	Castor Oil Polymeric Films	41:66	Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	41:118	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	8	22	theme	moist	1323:1327	arg1	atmosphere					1329:1338	a moist atmosphere	1321:1338	a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water	1321:1389	The flexibility increased in a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water.
26302315	7	23	theme	good	1173:1176	arg1	balance					1178:1184	a good balance	1171:1184	a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility	1171:1230	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	12	24	theme	loading	1921:1927	arg1	%					1937:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	9	25	theme	different	1550:1558	arg1	conditions					1569:1578	different humidity conditions	1550:1578	different humidity conditions	1550:1578	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	8	26	theme	due	1340:1342	arg1	atmosphere					1329:1338	a moist atmosphere	1321:1338	a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water	1321:1389	The flexibility increased in a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water.
26302315	0	27	theme	Wound	0:4	arg1	Healing					6:12	Wound Healing	0:12	Wound Healing	0:12	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	12	28	theme	wt	1934:1935	arg1	%					1937:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	10	29	theme	UV	1754:1755	arg1	light					1757:1761	UV light	1754:1761	UV light	1754:1761	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	1	30	used	used	256:259	arg2	material					271:278	matrix material	264:278	matrix material	264:278	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	30	used	used	256:259	arg2	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	30	used	used	256:259	arg2	oil					229:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	30	used	used	256:259	arg2	CO					133:134	CO	133:134	CO	133:134	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	31	theme	Castor	121:126	arg1	CO					133:134	CO	133:134	CO	133:134	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	31	theme	Castor	121:126	arg1	oil					229:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	31	theme	Castor	121:126	arg1	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	31	theme	Castor	121:126	arg1	material					271:278	matrix material	264:278	matrix material	264:278	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	6	32	theme	Dk	1021:1022	arg1	data					1024:1027	The WVTR and Dk data	1008:1027	The WVTR and Dk data obtained	1008:1036	The WVTR and Dk data obtained are within the range of values reported for commercial wound dressings.
26302315	3	33	theme	wound	650:654	arg1	properties					664:673	mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties	605:673	properties	664:673	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	3	33	theme	wound	650:654	arg1	structure					511:519	structure	511:519	structure	511:519	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	6	34	theme	WVTR	1012:1015	arg1	data					1024:1027	The WVTR and Dk data	1008:1027	The WVTR and Dk data obtained	1008:1036	The WVTR and Dk data obtained are within the range of values reported for commercial wound dressings.
26302315	2	35	theme	solution	459:466	arg1	mixing					468:473	a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method	436:492	mixing	468:473	The biocomposites were synthesized via a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method.
26302315	5	36	theme	transmission	887:898	arg1	WVTR					906:909	WVTR	906:909	WVTR	906:909	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	36	theme	transmission	887:898	arg1	rate					900:903	water vapor transmission rate	875:903	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	875:910	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	8	37	theme	absorbed	1376:1383	arg1	water					1385:1389	absorbed water	1376:1389	absorbed water	1376:1389	The flexibility increased in a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water.
26302315	11	38	theme	Gram-positive	1871:1883	arg1	cells					1885:1889	Gram-positive cells	1871:1889	Gram-positive cells	1871:1889	The biocide effect increased progressively with the CS-ZnO content and was systematically stronger against Gram-positive cells.
26302315	0	39	theme	Oil	48:50	arg1	Films					62:66	Castor Oil Polymeric Films	41:66	Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	41:118	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	7	40	theme	body	1261:1264	arg1	SBF					1273:1275	SBF	1273:1275	SBF	1273:1275	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	7	40	theme	body	1261:1264	arg1	fluid					1266:1270	body fluid	1261:1270	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	9	41	dep	performance	1468:1478	arg1	temperature					1518:1528	glass transition temperature	1501:1528	glass transition temperature	1501:1528	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	9	41	dep	performance	1468:1478	arg1	modulus					1489:1495	storage modulus	1481:1495	storage modulus	1481:1495	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	1	42	theme	benign	212:217	arg1	oil					229:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	42	theme	benign	212:217	arg1	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	0	43	dep	Bionanocomposites	14:30	arg1	Based					32:36	Based	32:36	Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	14:118	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	12	44	with	Composites	1892:1901	arg1	%					1937:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	12	45	theme	control	2038:2044	arg1	gauze					2046:2050	control gauze	2038:2050	control gauze	2038:2050	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	6	46	theme	values	1062:1067	arg1	range					1053:1057	the range	1049:1057	the range of values reported for commercial wound dressings	1049:1107	The WVTR and Dk data obtained are within the range of values reported for commercial wound dressings.
26302315	10	47	dep	coli	1641:1644	arg1	bacteria					1693:1700	bacteria	1693:1700	bacteria	1693:1700	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	3	48	theme	water	541:545	arg1	structure					511:519	structure	511:519	structure	511:519	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	3	48	theme	water	541:545	arg1	absorption					547:556	water absorption	541:556	water absorption	541:556	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	3	49	theme	thermal	522:528	arg1	structure					511:519	structure	511:519	structure	511:519	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	3	49	theme	thermal	522:528	arg1	stability					530:538	thermal stability	522:538	thermal stability	522:538	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	7	50	theme	Tensile	1110:1116	arg1	tests					1118:1122	Tensile tests	1110:1122	Tensile tests	1110:1122	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	5	51	theme	water	875:879	arg1	WVTR					906:909	WVTR	906:909	WVTR	906:909	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	51	theme	water	875:879	arg1	rate					900:903	water vapor transmission rate	875:903	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	875:910	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	11	52	theme	CS-ZnO	1816:1821	arg1	content					1823:1829	the CS-ZnO content	1812:1829	the CS-ZnO content	1812:1829	The biocide effect increased progressively with the CS-ZnO content and was systematically stronger against Gram-positive cells.
26302315	9	53	theme	dynamic	1449:1455	arg1	performance					1468:1478	significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance	1426:1478	significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO	1426:1542	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	12	54	theme	wound	2007:2011	arg1	healing					2013:2019	a faster wound healing	1998:2019	a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze	1998:2050	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	12	55	theme	wound	2114:2118	arg1	dressings					2120:2128	antibacterial wound dressings	2100:2128	antibacterial wound dressings	2100:2128	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	12	56	dep	in	1959:1960	arg1	vitro					1962:1966	vitro	1962:1966	vitro	1962:1966	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	6	57	theme	wound	1093:1097	arg1	dressings					1099:1107	commercial wound dressings	1082:1107	commercial wound dressings	1082:1107	The WVTR and Dk data obtained are within the range of values reported for commercial wound dressings.
26302315	1	58	theme	ZnO	378:380	arg1	nanoparticles					382:394	chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	355:394	chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	355:394	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	5	59	theme	vapor	881:885	arg1	WVTR					906:909	WVTR	906:909	WVTR	906:909	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	59	theme	vapor	881:885	arg1	rate					900:903	water vapor transmission rate	875:903	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	875:910	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	9	60	theme	storage	1481:1487	arg1	modulus					1489:1495	storage modulus	1481:1495	storage modulus	1481:1495	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	5	61	theme	oxygen	913:918	arg1	Dk					934:935	Dk	934:935	Dk	934:935	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	61	theme	oxygen	913:918	arg1	permeability					920:931	oxygen permeability	913:931	oxygen permeability (Dk)	913:936	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	7	62	theme	dry	1243:1245	arg1	environments					1278:1289	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	1	63	theme	inexpensive	179:189	arg1	oil					229:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	63	theme	inexpensive	179:189	arg1	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	9	64	theme	transition	1507:1516	arg1	temperature					1518:1528	glass transition temperature	1501:1528	glass transition temperature	1501:1528	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	0	65	theme	Chitosan-Modified	84:100	arg1	Nanoparticles					106:118	Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	84:118	Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	84:118	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	2	66	theme	casting	479:485	arg1	method					487:492	a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method	436:492	method	487:492	The biocomposites were synthesized via a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method.
26302315	9	67	theme	neat	1536:1539	arg1	CO					1541:1542	neat CO	1536:1542	neat CO	1536:1542	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	10	68	dep	presence	1726:1733	arg1	the					1722:1724	the	1722:1724	the	1722:1724	The antibacterial activity of the films against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus bacteria was investigated in the presence and the absence of UV light.
26302315	11	69	theme	biocide	1768:1774	arg1	stronger					1854:1861	stronger	1854:1861	stronger	1854:1861	The biocide effect increased progressively with the CS-ZnO content and was systematically stronger against Gram-positive cells.
26302315	11	69	theme	biocide	1768:1774	arg1	effect					1776:1781	The biocide effect	1764:1781	The biocide effect	1764:1781	The biocide effect increased progressively with the CS-ZnO content and was systematically stronger against Gram-positive cells.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	stability					810:818	The thermal stability	798:818	The thermal stability	798:818	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	permeability					920:931	oxygen permeability	913:931	oxygen permeability (Dk)	913:936	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	biodegradability					943:958	biodegradability	943:958	biodegradability of the films	943:971	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	rate					900:903	water vapor transmission rate	875:903	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	875:910	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	hydrophilicity					821:834	hydrophilicity	821:834	hydrophilicity	821:834	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	WVTR					906:909	WVTR	906:909	WVTR	906:909	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	Dk					934:935	Dk	934:935	Dk	934:935	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	absorption					863:872	water absorption	857:872	water absorption	857:872	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	70	theme	porosity	847:854	arg1	degree					837:842	degree	837:842	degree of porosity	837:854	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	4	71	theme	nanoparticle-matrix	764:782	arg1	interactions					784:795	the nanoparticle-matrix interactions	760:795	the nanoparticle-matrix interactions	760:795	FT-IR spectra were used to obtain information about the nanoparticle-matrix interactions.
26302315	9	72	theme	humidity	1560:1567	arg1	conditions					1569:1578	different humidity conditions	1550:1578	different humidity conditions	1550:1578	The nanocomposites also exhibited significantly enhanced dynamic mechanical performance (storage modulus and glass transition temperature) than neat CO under different humidity conditions.
26302315	2	73	theme	simple	438:443	arg1	mixing					468:473	a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method	436:492	mixing	468:473	The biocomposites were synthesized via a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method.
26302315	1	74	theme	matrix	264:269	arg1	material					271:278	matrix material	264:278	matrix material	264:278	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	74	theme	matrix	264:269	arg1	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	0	75	theme	Castor	41:46	arg1	Oil					48:50	Castor Oil	41:50	Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles	41:118	Wound Healing Bionanocomposites Based on Castor Oil Polymeric Films Reinforced with Chitosan-Modified ZnO Nanoparticles.
26302315	12	76	theme	nanoparticle	1908:1919	arg1	%					1937:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt %	1908:1937	Composites with nanoparticle loading ≤5.0 wt % exhibited very good in vitro cytocompatibility and enabled a faster wound healing than neat CO and control gauze, hence showing great potential to be applied as antibacterial wound dressings.
26302315	5	77	theme	CS-ZnO	992:997	arg1	loading					999:1005	the CS-ZnO loading	988:1005	the CS-ZnO loading	988:1005	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	7	78	theme	fluid	1266:1270	arg1	environments					1278:1289	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	8	79	theme	plasticization	1351:1364	arg1	effect					1366:1371	the plasticization effect	1347:1371	the plasticization effect of absorbed water	1347:1389	The flexibility increased in a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water.
26302315	5	80	theme	thermal	802:808	arg1	stability					810:818	The thermal stability	798:818	The thermal stability	798:818	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	1	81	theme	biocompatible	291:303	arg1	films					337:341	biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films	291:341	biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	291:394	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	7	82	theme	simulated	1251:1259	arg1	environments					1278:1289	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments	1238:1289	Tensile tests demonstrated that the nanocomposites displayed a good balance between elasticity, strength, and flexibility under both dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) environments.
26302315	2	83	theme	versatile	449:457	arg1	mixing					468:473	a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method	436:492	mixing	468:473	The biocomposites were synthesized via a simple and versatile solution mixing and casting method.
26302315	1	84	theme	biodegradable	309:321	arg1	films					337:341	biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films	291:341	biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles	291:394	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	stability					810:818	The thermal stability	798:818	The thermal stability	798:818	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	permeability					920:931	oxygen permeability	913:931	oxygen permeability (Dk)	913:936	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	biodegradability					943:958	biodegradability	943:958	biodegradability of the films	943:971	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	rate					900:903	water vapor transmission rate	875:903	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	875:910	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	hydrophilicity					821:834	hydrophilicity	821:834	hydrophilicity	821:834	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	WVTR					906:909	WVTR	906:909	WVTR	906:909	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	Dk					934:935	Dk	934:935	Dk	934:935	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	absorption					863:872	water absorption	857:872	water absorption	857:872	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	5	85	theme	films	967:971	arg1	degree					837:842	degree	837:842	degree of porosity	837:854	The thermal stability, hydrophilicity, degree of porosity, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), oxygen permeability (Dk), and biodegradability of the films increased with the CS-ZnO loading.
26302315	6	86	theme	commercial	1082:1091	arg1	dressings					1099:1107	commercial wound dressings	1082:1107	commercial wound dressings	1082:1107	The WVTR and Dk data obtained are within the range of values reported for commercial wound dressings.
26302315	3	87	theme	healing	656:662	arg1	properties					664:673	mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties	605:673	properties	664:673	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	3	87	theme	healing	656:662	arg1	structure					511:519	structure	511:519	structure	511:519	The morphology, structure, thermal stability, water absorption, biodegradability, cytocompatibility, barrier, mechanical, viscoelastic, antibacterial, and wound healing properties of the films have been analyzed.
26302315	8	88	theme	water	1385:1389	arg1	effect					1366:1371	the plasticization effect	1347:1371	the plasticization effect of absorbed water	1347:1389	The flexibility increased in a moist atmosphere due to the plasticization effect of absorbed water.
26302315	1	89	theme	nonedible	219:227	arg1	oil					229:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil	147:231	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
26302315	1	89	theme	nonedible	219:227	arg1	oil					128:130	Castor oil	121:130	Castor oil (CO)	121:135	Castor oil (CO), which is a readily available, relatively inexpensive, and environmentally benign nonedible oil, has been successfully used as matrix material to prepare biocompatible and biodegradable nanocomposite films filled with chitosan (CS)-modified ZnO nanoparticles.
25618374	0	0	theme	thrombin	121:128	arg1	aptasensor					130:139	electrochemical thrombin aptasensor	105:139	electrochemical thrombin aptasensor	105:139	Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids with strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor.
25618374	2	1	theme	enriched	586:593	arg1	ability					595:601	higher enriched ability	579:601	higher enriched ability	579:601	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	4	2	dep	targets	1056:1062	arg1	thrombin					1065:1072	thrombin	1065:1072	thrombin	1065:1072	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	1	3	theme	controlled	197:206	arg1	synthesis					208:216	controlled synthesis	197:216	controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	197:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	5	4	theme	two-order	1245:1253	arg1	magnitude					1255:1263	two-order magnitude	1245:1263	two-order magnitude	1245:1263	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	5	theme	detection	1211:1219	arg1	M					1233:1233	detection 5.2×10(-18) M	1211:1233	detection 5.2×10(-18) M	1211:1233	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	0	6	theme	electrochemical	105:119	arg1	aptasensor					130:139	electrochemical thrombin aptasensor	105:139	electrochemical thrombin aptasensor	105:139	Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids with strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor.
25618374	2	7	theme	surface	449:455	arg1	area					457:460	large surface area	443:460	large surface area	443:460	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	4	8	theme	"	1041:1041	arg1	detection					1043:1051	"signal-on" detection	1031:1051	"signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target)	1031:1091	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	5	9	dep	SH-β-CD-Gr	1286:1295	arg1	range					1319:1323	the detection linear range	1298:1323	the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1298:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	2	10	theme	obtained	367:374	arg1	SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs					376:391	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	363:391	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	363:391	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	7	11	theme	efficient	1643:1651	arg1	probes					1691:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes	1634:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors	1634:1725	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	7	11	theme	efficient	1643:1651	arg1	hybrids					1622:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	2	12	dep	properties	428:437	arg1	the					403:405	the	403:405	the	403:405	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	3	13	theme	electrode	818:826	arg1	surface					828:834	the electrode surface	814:834	the electrode surface	814:834	In the presence of target, the stronger interaction between aptamer and target makes the ferrocene move closer to the electrode surface, thus facilitating the electron transfer.
25618374	7	14	theme	active	1684:1689	arg1	probes					1691:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes	1634:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors	1634:1725	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	7	14	theme	active	1684:1689	arg1	hybrids					1622:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	6	15	theme	other	1497:1501	arg1	albumin					1532:1538	human serum albumin	1520:1538	human serum albumin	1520:1538	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	6	15	theme	other	1497:1501	arg1	proteins					1503:1510	other proteins	1497:1510	other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin	1497:1560	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	6	15	theme	other	1497:1501	arg1	insulin					1554:1560	insulin	1554:1560	insulin	1554:1560	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	6	15	theme	other	1497:1501	arg1	lysozyme					1541:1548	lysozyme	1541:1548	lysozyme	1541:1548	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	2	16	theme	electrical	417:426	arg1	properties					428:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	17	theme	ferrocene	611:619	arg1	probe					621:625	the ferrocene probe	607:625	the ferrocene probe	607:625	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	4	18	theme	sensitive	928:936	arg1	concept					949:955	a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept	911:955	a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials	911:1009	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	7	19	theme	electrochemical	1668:1682	arg1	probes					1691:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes	1634:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors	1634:1725	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	7	19	theme	electrochemical	1668:1682	arg1	hybrids					1622:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	2	20	theme	AuNPs	478:482	arg1	area					457:460	large surface area	443:460	large surface area	443:460	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	20	theme	AuNPs	478:482	arg1	properties					428:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	21	theme	supramolecular	489:502	arg1	ability					516:522	supramolecular recognition ability	489:522	supramolecular recognition ability	489:522	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	22	theme	effective	547:555	arg1	transfer					566:573	more effective electron transfer	542:573	more effective electron transfer	542:573	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	5	23	theme	M	1396:1396	arg1	M					1342:1342	1.6×10(-15) M	1330:1342	1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M	1330:1359	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	23	theme	M	1396:1396	arg1	limit					1375:1379	detection limit	1365:1379	detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1365:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	7	24	theme	SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	1605:1620	arg1	hybrids					1622:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	7	24	theme	SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	1605:1620	arg1	probes					1691:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes	1634:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors	1634:1725	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	1	25	theme	thio-β-cyclodextrin	221:239	arg1	composites					303:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites	221:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	221:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	2	26	theme	higher	579:584	arg1	ability					595:601	higher enriched ability	579:601	higher enriched ability	579:601	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	27	theme	excellent	407:415	arg1	properties					428:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	6	28	theme	good	1472:1475	arg1	selectivity					1477:1487	good selectivity	1472:1487	good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin	1472:1560	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	1	29	theme	functionalized	241:254	arg1	composites					303:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites	221:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	221:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	5	30	from	M	1168:1168	arg1	thrombin					1142:1149	thrombin	1142:1149	thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M)	1142:1397	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	4	31	theme	biosensing	938:947	arg1	concept					949:955	a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept	911:955	a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials	911:1009	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	5	32	theme	detection	1365:1373	arg1	limit					1375:1379	detection limit	1365:1379	detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1365:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	33	from	limit	1202:1206	arg1	thrombin					1142:1149	thrombin	1142:1149	thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M)	1142:1397	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	34	dep	M	1342:1342	arg1	M					1359:1359	8.0×10(-13) M	1347:1359	1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M	1330:1359	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	34	dep	M	1342:1342	arg1	to					1344:1345	to	1344:1345	to	1344:1345	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	1	35	theme	graphene/gold	256:268	arg1	composites					303:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites	221:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	221:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	0	36	theme	nanoparticle	42:53	arg1	hybrids					55:61	graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids	28:61	graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids	28:61	Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids with strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor.
25618374	5	37	theme	low	1198:1200	arg1	limit					1202:1206	a very low limit	1191:1206	a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M)	1191:1397	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	4	38	theme	new	913:915	arg1	concept					949:955	a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept	911:955	a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials	911:1009	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	7	39	theme	present	1597:1603	arg1	hybrids					1622:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	7	39	theme	present	1597:1603	arg1	probes					1691:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes	1634:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors	1634:1725	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	1	40	theme	nanoparticles	270:282	arg1	composites					303:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites	221:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	221:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	0	41	theme	graphene-gold	28:40	arg1	hybrids					55:61	graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids	28:61	graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids	28:61	Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids with strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor.
25618374	5	42	theme	detection	1302:1310	arg1	range					1319:1323	the detection linear range	1298:1323	the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1298:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	4	43	theme	model	1079:1083	arg1	target					1085:1090	a model target	1077:1090	a model target	1077:1090	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	5	44	from	limit	1375:1379	arg1	range					1319:1323	the detection linear range	1298:1323	the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1298:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	2	45	theme	host-guest	635:644	arg1	interaction					646:656	the host-guest interaction	631:656	the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr	631:697	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	5	46	theme	linear	1312:1317	arg1	range					1319:1323	the detection linear range	1298:1323	the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1298:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	1	47	theme	SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	285:300	arg1	composites					303:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites	221:312	thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	221:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	5	48	from	M	1342:1342	arg1	range					1319:1323	the detection linear range	1298:1323	the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M	1298:1396	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	2	49	theme	recognition	504:514	arg1	ability					516:522	supramolecular recognition ability	489:522	supramolecular recognition ability	489:522	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	0	50	theme	supramolecular	75:88	arg1	capability					90:99	strong supramolecular capability	68:99	strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor	68:139	Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids with strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor.
25618374	5	51	dep	M	1168:1168	arg1	M					1185:1185	8.0×10(-15) M	1173:1185	1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M	1156:1185	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	51	dep	M	1168:1168	arg1	to					1170:1171	to	1170:1171	to	1170:1171	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	3	52	theme	stronger	731:738	arg1	interaction					740:750	the stronger interaction	727:750	the stronger interaction between aptamer and target	727:777	In the presence of target, the stronger interaction between aptamer and target makes the ferrocene move closer to the electrode surface, thus facilitating the electron transfer.
25618374	2	53	theme	large	443:447	arg1	area					457:460	large surface area	443:460	large surface area	443:460	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	0	54	theme	strong	68:73	arg1	capability					90:99	strong supramolecular capability	68:99	strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor	68:139	Cyclodextrin functionalized graphene-gold nanoparticle hybrids with strong supramolecular capability for electrochemical thrombin aptasensor.
25618374	3	55	theme	electron	859:866	arg1	transfer					868:875	the electron transfer	855:875	the electron transfer	855:875	In the presence of target, the stronger interaction between aptamer and target makes the ferrocene move closer to the electrode surface, thus facilitating the electron transfer.
25618374	4	56	theme	SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	971:986	arg1	use					964:966	the use	960:966	the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials	960:1009	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	1	57	dep	dispersant	340:349	arg1	the					336:338	the	336:338	the	336:338	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	4	58	theme	targets	1056:1062	arg1	detection					1043:1051	"signal-on" detection	1031:1051	"signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target)	1031:1091	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	1	59	theme	facile	159:164	arg1	strategy					184:191	a facile one-pot synthetic strategy	157:191	a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	157:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	5	60	theme	wide	1120:1123	arg1	range					1132:1136	a wide linear range	1118:1136	a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M)	1118:1397	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	3	61	theme	target	719:724	arg1	presence					707:714	the presence	703:714	the presence of target	703:724	In the presence of target, the stronger interaction between aptamer and target makes the ferrocene move closer to the electrode surface, thus facilitating the electron transfer.
25618374	6	62	theme	serum	1526:1530	arg1	albumin					1532:1538	human serum albumin	1520:1538	human serum albumin	1520:1538	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	1	63	theme	one-pot	166:172	arg1	strategy					184:191	a facile one-pot synthetic strategy	157:191	a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	157:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	6	64	theme	electrochemical	1413:1427	arg1	aptasensor					1429:1438	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor	1400:1438	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	1400:1464	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	1	65	theme	composites	303:312	arg1	synthesis					208:216	controlled synthesis	197:216	controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	197:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	4	66	theme	enhancing	991:999	arg1	materials					1001:1009	enhancing materials	991:1009	enhancing materials	991:1009	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	5	67	theme	linear	1125:1130	arg1	range					1132:1136	a wide linear range	1118:1136	a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M)	1118:1397	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	6	68	theme	human	1520:1524	arg1	albumin					1532:1538	human serum albumin	1520:1538	human serum albumin	1520:1538	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	1	69	theme	synthetic	174:182	arg1	strategy					184:191	a facile one-pot synthetic strategy	157:191	a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker	157:360	We demonstrate a facile one-pot synthetic strategy for controlled synthesis of thio-β-cyclodextrin functionalized graphene/gold nanoparticles (SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs) composites using SH-β-CD as both the dispersant and linker.
25618374	6	70	theme	proposed	1404:1411	arg1	aptasensor					1429:1438	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor	1400:1438	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs	1400:1464	Our proposed electrochemical aptasensor based on SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs shows good selectivity against other proteins such as human serum albumin, lysozyme and insulin.
25618374	5	71	theme	M	1233:1233	arg1	M					1168:1168	1.6×10(-17) M	1156:1168	1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M	1156:1185	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	5	71	theme	M	1233:1233	arg1	limit					1202:1206	a very low limit	1191:1206	a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M)	1191:1397	This biosensor exhibits a wide linear range for thrombin from 1.6×10(-17) M to 8.0×10(-15) M and a very low limit of detection 5.2×10(-18) M, which is two-order magnitude better than those of SH-β-CD-Gr (the detection linear range from 1.6×10(-15) M to 8.0×10(-13) M and detection limit of 1.0×10(-15) M).
25618374	2	72	theme	CD	527:528	arg1	ability					516:522	supramolecular recognition ability	489:522	supramolecular recognition ability	489:522	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	73	theme	graphene	465:472	arg1	area					457:460	large surface area	443:460	large surface area	443:460	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	73	theme	graphene	465:472	arg1	properties					428:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	excellent electrical properties	407:437	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	2	74	theme	electron	557:564	arg1	transfer					566:573	more effective electron transfer	542:573	more effective electron transfer	542:573	The obtained SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs integrate the excellent electrical properties and large surface area of graphene and AuNPs with supramolecular recognition ability of CD, which show more effective electron transfer and higher enriched ability for the ferrocene probe via the host-guest interaction between CD and ferrocene than SH-β-CD-Gr.
25618374	4	75	theme	sensing	892:898	arg1	mechanism					900:908	this sensing mechanism	887:908	this sensing mechanism	887:908	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
25618374	7	76	theme	graphene-based	1653:1666	arg1	probes					1691:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes	1634:1696	the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors	1634:1725	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	7	76	theme	graphene-based	1653:1666	arg1	hybrids					1622:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids	1593:1628	To the best of our knowledge, the present SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs hybrids are the most efficient graphene-based electrochemical active probes ever reported for biosensors.
25618374	4	77	theme	signal-on	1032:1040	arg1	detection					1043:1051	"signal-on" detection	1031:1051	"signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target)	1031:1091	Based on this sensing mechanism, a new and highly sensitive biosensing concept by the use of SH-β-CD-Gr/AuNPs as enhancing materials is demonstrated for "signal-on" detection of targets (thrombin as a model target).
29154730	2	0	theme	milk	496:499	arg1	yield					501:505	milk yield	496:505	milk yield	496:505	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	7	1	theme	frequent	1254:1261	arg1	milking					1263:1269	more frequent milking	1249:1269	more frequent milking	1249:1269	However, residual milk removal during more frequent milking increased milk fat yield.
29154730	9	2	theme	milk	1693:1696	arg1	composition					1655:1665	fat composition	1651:1665	fat composition of available and residual milk	1651:1696	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	8	3	theme	specific	1454:1461	arg1	acids					1469:1473	specific fatty acids	1454:1473	specific fatty acids	1454:1473	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	2	4	used	used	366:369	arg2	cows					356:359	four mid-lactation cows	337:359	four mid-lactation cows	337:359	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	8	5	theme	treatments	1522:1531	arg1	due					1538:1540	due	1538:1540	due	1538:1540	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	8	5	theme	treatments	1522:1531	arg1	effects					1511:1517	the additive effects	1498:1517	the additive effects of treatments	1498:1531	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	7	6	theme	milk	1281:1284	arg1	yield					1290:1294	milk fat yield	1281:1294	milk fat yield	1281:1294	However, residual milk removal during more frequent milking increased milk fat yield.
29154730	7	7	theme	milk	1229:1232	arg1	removal					1234:1240	residual milk removal	1220:1240	residual milk removal during more frequent milking	1220:1269	However, residual milk removal during more frequent milking increased milk fat yield.
29154730	3	8	from	milking	620:626	arg1	combination					631:641	combination	631:641	combination with (or without) residual milk removal	631:681	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	6	9	theme	milk	1094:1097	arg1	removal					1099:1105	residual milk removal	1085:1105	residual milk removal	1085:1105	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	1	10	theme	milk	168:171	arg1	yield					173:177	milk yield	168:177	milk yield	168:177	It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear.
29154730	2	11	theme	milking	459:465	arg1	additive					527:534	additive	527:534	additive	527:534	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	2	11	theme	milking	459:465	arg1	effects					434:440	the effects	430:440	the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition	430:521	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	8	12	dep	de	1622:1623	arg1	novo					1625:1628	novo	1625:1628	novo	1625:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	3	13	from	combination	631:641	arg1	milking					620:626	milking	620:626	milking	620:626	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	8	14	theme	higher	1545:1550	arg1	utilisation					1552:1562	higher utilisation	1545:1562	higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo	1545:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	6	15	theme	residual	1085:1092	arg1	removal					1099:1105	residual milk removal	1085:1105	residual milk removal	1085:1105	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	9	16	theme	fatty	1745:1749	arg1	composition					1756:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition	1728:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat	1728:1778	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	3	17	theme	milk	670:673	arg1	removal					675:681	(or without) residual milk removal	648:681	(or without) residual milk removal	648:681	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	0	18	theme	lactating	118:126	arg1	cows					128:131	lactating cows	118:131	lactating cows	118:131	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	5	19	theme	milk	920:923	arg1	Samples					886:892	Samples	886:892	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period	886:982	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	2	20	theme	removal	485:491	arg1	additive					527:534	additive	527:534	additive	527:534	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	2	20	theme	removal	485:491	arg1	effects					434:440	the effects	430:440	the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition	430:521	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	5	21	theme	fatty	1017:1021	arg1	composition					1028:1038	fatty acid composition	1017:1038	fatty acid composition analysis	1017:1047	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	6	22	theme	milk	1148:1151	arg1	yield					1153:1157	milk yield	1148:1157	milk yield	1148:1157	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	3	23	dep	interval	695:702	arg1	followed					746:753	followed	746:753	followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period	746:803	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	3	23	dep	interval	695:702	arg1	preceded					704:711	preceded	704:711	preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period	704:740	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	8	24	theme	fatty	1577:1581	arg1	acids					1583:1587	preformed fatty acids	1567:1587	preformed fatty acids	1567:1587	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	3	25	theme	pretreatment	722:733	arg1	period					735:740	a 2 d pretreatment period	716:740	a 2 d pretreatment period	716:740	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	2	26	theme	residual	471:478	arg1	removal					485:491	residual milk removal	471:491	residual milk removal	471:491	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	9	27	theme	milk	1771:1774	arg1	fat					1776:1778	milk fat	1771:1778	milk fat	1771:1778	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	3	28	theme	96	690:691	arg1	h					693:693	h	693:693	h	693:693	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	8	29	theme	relative	1589:1596	arg1	utilisation					1552:1562	higher utilisation	1545:1562	higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo	1545:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	3	30	from	washout	764:770	arg1	period					798:803	each 14 d experimental period	775:803	each 14 d experimental period	775:803	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	0	31	theme	removal	56:62	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.	0:132	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	8	32	theme	fatty	1601:1605	arg1	synthesis					1612:1620	fatty acid synthesis	1601:1620	fatty acid synthesis de novo	1601:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	5	33	theme	acid	1023:1026	arg1	composition					1028:1038	fatty acid composition	1017:1038	fatty acid composition analysis	1017:1047	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	9	34	theme	mammary	1791:1797	arg1	gland					1799:1803	the mammary gland	1787:1803	the mammary gland	1787:1803	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	0	35	theme	milk	67:70	arg1	production					72:81	milk production	67:81	milk production	67:81	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	5	36	theme	treatment	967:975	arg1	period					977:982	each treatment period	962:982	each treatment period	962:982	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	0	37	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	composition					103:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	0	37	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	production					72:81	milk production	67:81	milk production	67:81	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	2	38	theme	fatty	551:555	arg1	composition					562:572	milk fatty acid composition	546:572	milk fatty acid composition	546:572	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	6	39	from	Increases	1050:1058	arg1	frequency					1071:1079	milking frequency	1063:1079	milking frequency	1063:1079	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	6	39	from	Increases	1050:1058	arg1	removal					1099:1105	residual milk removal	1085:1105	residual milk removal	1085:1105	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	1	40	theme	factors	302:308	arg1	combination					281:291	a combination	279:291	a combination of these factors	279:308	It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear.
29154730	0	41	theme	fatty	92:96	arg1	composition					103:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	5	42	theme	last	942:945	arg1	milking					947:953	the last milking	938:953	the last milking	938:953	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	6	43	contain	had	1131:1133	arg1	Increases					1050:1058	Increases	1050:1058	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination	1050:1129	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	6	43	contain	had	1131:1133	arg2	effect					1138:1143	no effect	1135:1143	no effect	1135:1143	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	4	44	theme	composition	865:875	arg1	analysis					847:854	the analysis	843:854	the analysis of gross composition and SCC	843:883	Milk was sampled at each milking for the analysis of gross composition and SCC.
29154730	8	45	theme	acid	1352:1355	arg1	composition					1357:1367	the fatty acid composition	1342:1367	the fatty acid composition of available milk	1342:1385	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	3	46	theme	d	783:783	arg1	period					798:803	each 14 d experimental period	775:803	each 14 d experimental period	775:803	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	4	47	theme	SCC	881:883	arg1	analysis					847:854	the analysis	843:854	the analysis of gross composition and SCC	843:883	Milk was sampled at each milking for the analysis of gross composition and SCC.
29154730	0	48	theme	increased	10:18	arg1	frequency					28:36	increased milking frequency	10:36	increased milking frequency	10:36	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	6	49	from	secretion	1169:1177	arg1	milk					1205:1208	milk	1205:1208	milk	1205:1208	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	2	50	theme	square	388:393	arg1	design					395:400	a 4 × 4 Latin square design	374:400	a 4 × 4 Latin square design	374:400	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	8	51	theme	milk	1382:1385	arg1	composition					1357:1367	the fatty acid composition	1342:1367	the fatty acid composition of available milk	1342:1385	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	2	52	theme	mid-lactation	342:354	arg1	cows					356:359	four mid-lactation cows	337:359	four mid-lactation cows	337:359	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	0	53	theme	frequency	28:36	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.	0:132	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	0	54	theme	residual	42:49	arg1	removal					56:62	residual milk removal	42:62	residual milk removal	42:62	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	8	55	theme	fatty	1463:1467	arg1	acids					1469:1473	specific fatty acids	1454:1473	specific fatty acids	1454:1473	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	8	56	theme	small	1411:1415	arg1	changes					1417:1423	rather small changes	1404:1423	rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids	1404:1473	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	9	57	theme	fat	1651:1653	arg1	composition					1655:1665	fat composition	1651:1665	fat composition of available and residual milk	1651:1696	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	3	58	with	combination	631:641	arg1	removal					675:681	(or without) residual milk removal	648:681	(or without) residual milk removal	648:681	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	9	59	theme	available	1670:1678	arg1	milk					1693:1696	available and residual milk	1670:1696	available and residual milk	1670:1696	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	0	60	from	composition	103:113	arg1	cows					128:131	lactating cows	118:131	lactating cows	118:131	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	9	61	theme	residual	1684:1691	arg1	milk					1693:1696	available and residual milk	1670:1696	available and residual milk	1670:1696	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	8	62	theme	relative	1432:1439	arg1	abundance					1441:1449	the relative abundance	1428:1449	the relative abundance of specific fatty acids	1428:1473	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	7	63	theme	fat	1286:1288	arg1	yield					1290:1294	milk fat yield	1281:1294	milk fat yield	1281:1294	However, residual milk removal during more frequent milking increased milk fat yield.
29154730	8	64	theme	additive	1502:1509	arg1	due					1538:1540	due	1538:1540	due	1538:1540	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	8	64	theme	additive	1502:1509	arg1	effects					1511:1517	the additive effects	1498:1517	the additive effects of treatments	1498:1531	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	1	65	theme	milk	252:255	arg1	removal					232:238	the removal	228:238	the removal of residual milk	228:255	It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear.
29154730	3	66	theme	milking	620:626	arg1	times					608:612	two or four times	596:612	two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal	596:681	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	2	67	theme	frequent	450:457	arg1	milking					459:465	more frequent milking	445:465	more frequent milking	445:465	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	0	68	from	production	72:81	arg1	cows					128:131	lactating cows	118:131	lactating cows	118:131	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	7	69	theme	residual	1220:1227	arg1	removal					1234:1240	residual milk removal	1220:1240	residual milk removal during more frequent milking	1220:1269	However, residual milk removal during more frequent milking increased milk fat yield.
29154730	9	70	theme	uniform	1737:1743	arg1	composition					1756:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition	1728:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat	1728:1778	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	8	71	from	changes	1417:1423	arg1	abundance					1441:1449	the relative abundance	1428:1449	the relative abundance of specific fatty acids	1428:1473	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	5	72	theme	residual	911:918	arg1	milk					920:923	available and residual milk	897:923	available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period	897:982	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	9	73	theme	acid	1751:1754	arg1	composition					1756:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition	1728:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat	1728:1778	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	6	74	theme	protein	1194:1200	arg1	secretion					1169:1177	the secretion	1165:1177	the secretion of lactose and protein in milk	1165:1208	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	2	75	theme	milk	480:483	arg1	removal					485:491	residual milk removal	471:491	residual milk removal	471:491	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	8	76	theme	Milking	1297:1303	arg1	treatments					1305:1314	Milking treatments	1297:1314	Milking treatments	1297:1314	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	6	77	theme	milking	1063:1069	arg1	frequency					1071:1079	milking frequency	1063:1079	milking frequency	1063:1079	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	3	78	theme	residual	661:668	arg1	removal					675:681	(or without) residual milk removal	648:681	(or without) residual milk removal	648:681	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	8	79	theme	preformed	1567:1575	arg1	acids					1583:1587	preformed fatty acids	1567:1587	preformed fatty acids	1567:1587	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	2	80	from	effects	434:440	arg1	yield					501:505	milk yield	496:505	milk yield	496:505	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	2	80	from	effects	434:440	arg1	composition					511:521	composition	511:521	composition	511:521	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	9	81	theme	fat	1776:1778	arg1	composition					1756:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition	1728:1766	a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat	1728:1778	For all treatments, fat composition of available and residual milk was rather similar indicating a highly uniform fatty acid composition of milk fat within the mammary gland.
29154730	3	82	theme	h	693:693	arg1	interval					695:702	a 96 h interval	688:702	a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period	688:803	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	5	83	theme	available	897:905	arg1	milk					920:923	available and residual milk	897:923	available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period	897:982	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	8	84	theme	acids	1583:1587	arg1	utilisation					1552:1562	higher utilisation	1545:1562	higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo	1545:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	3	85	theme	d	720:720	arg1	period					735:740	a 2 d pretreatment period	716:740	a 2 d pretreatment period	716:740	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	8	86	theme	major	1323:1327	arg1	influence					1329:1337	no major influence	1320:1337	no major influence	1320:1337	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	1	87	theme	combination	281:291	arg1	unclear					313:319	unclear	313:319	unclear	313:319	It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear.
29154730	1	87	theme	combination	281:291	arg1	influence					266:274	the influence	262:274	the influence of a combination of these factors	262:308	It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear.
29154730	2	88	theme	acid	557:560	arg1	composition					562:572	milk fatty acid composition	546:572	milk fatty acid composition	546:572	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	0	89	theme	milk	87:90	arg1	composition					103:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	8	90	theme	acid	1607:1610	arg1	synthesis					1612:1620	fatty acid synthesis	1601:1620	fatty acid synthesis de novo	1601:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	8	91	theme	fatty	1346:1350	arg1	composition					1357:1367	the fatty acid composition	1342:1367	the fatty acid composition of available milk	1342:1385	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	2	92	theme	milk	546:549	arg1	composition					562:572	milk fatty acid composition	546:572	milk fatty acid composition	546:572	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	0	93	theme	acid	98:101	arg1	composition					103:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	milk fatty acid composition	87:113	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	8	94	theme	de	1622:1623	arg1	synthesis					1612:1620	fatty acid synthesis	1601:1620	fatty acid synthesis de novo	1601:1628	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	6	95	theme	lactose	1182:1188	arg1	secretion					1169:1177	the secretion	1165:1177	the secretion of lactose and protein in milk	1165:1208	Increases in milking frequency and residual milk removal alone or in combination had no effect on milk yield or on the secretion of lactose and protein in milk.
29154730	3	96	theme	d	762:762	arg1	washout					764:770	a 8 d washout	758:770	a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period	758:803	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	4	97	theme	gross	859:863	arg1	composition					865:875	gross composition	859:875	gross composition	859:875	Milk was sampled at each milking for the analysis of gross composition and SCC.
29154730	8	98	theme	available	1372:1380	arg1	milk					1382:1385	available milk	1372:1385	available milk	1372:1385	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	0	99	theme	milking	20:26	arg1	frequency					28:36	increased milking frequency	10:36	increased milking frequency	10:36	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	1	100	theme	residual	243:250	arg1	milk					252:255	residual milk	243:255	residual milk	243:255	It has been well established that milk yield is affected both by milking frequency and due to the removal of residual milk, but the influence of a combination of these factors is unclear.
29154730	3	101	theme	experimental	785:796	arg1	period					798:803	each 14 d experimental period	775:803	each 14 d experimental period	775:803	Treatments comprised two or four times daily milking in combination with (or without) residual milk removal over a 96 h interval preceded by a 2 d pretreatment period and followed by a 8 d washout in each 14 d experimental period.
29154730	5	102	theme	composition	1028:1038	arg1	analysis					1040:1047	fatty acid composition analysis	1017:1047	fatty acid composition analysis	1017:1047	Samples of available and residual milk collected on the last milking during each treatment period were collected and submitted for fatty acid composition analysis.
29154730	2	103	theme	Latin	382:386	arg1	design					395:400	a 4 × 4 Latin square design	374:400	a 4 × 4 Latin square design	374:400	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	0	104	theme	milk	51:54	arg1	removal					56:62	residual milk removal	42:62	residual milk removal	42:62	Effect of increased milking frequency and residual milk removal on milk production and milk fatty acid composition in lactating cows.
29154730	2	105	theme	×	378:378	arg1	design					395:400	a 4 × 4 Latin square design	374:400	a 4 × 4 Latin square design	374:400	In this study, four mid-lactation cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to test the hypothesis that the effects of more frequent milking and residual milk removal on milk yield and composition are additive and alter milk fatty acid composition.
29154730	8	106	theme	acids	1469:1473	arg1	abundance					1441:1449	the relative abundance	1428:1449	the relative abundance of specific fatty acids	1428:1473	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	8	107	contain	had	1316:1318	arg1	treatments					1305:1314	Milking treatments	1297:1314	Milking treatments	1297:1314	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
29154730	8	107	contain	had	1316:1318	arg2	influence					1329:1337	no major influence	1320:1337	no major influence	1320:1337	Milking treatments had no major influence on the fatty acid composition of available milk, but resulted in rather small changes in the relative abundance of specific fatty acids, with no evidence that the additive effects of treatments were due to higher utilisation of preformed fatty acids relative to fatty acid synthesis de novo.
27752182	7	0	theme	classical	1215:1223	arg1	methods					1225:1231	the classical methods	1211:1231	the classical methods	1211:1231	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	10	1	theme	wrapping	1751:1758	arg1	technique					1698:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	1	theme	wrapping	1751:1758	arg1	application					1716:1726	the application	1712:1726	the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets	1712:1768	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	1	theme	wrapping	1751:1758	arg1	model					1650:1654	the model	1646:1654	the model presented here	1646:1669	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	6	2	theme	C57BL/6	1161:1167	arg1	mice					1169:1172	the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1125:1172	the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1125:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	10	3	theme	biomimetic	1731:1740	arg1	wrapping					1751:1758	biomimetic hydrogel wrapping	1731:1758	biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets	1731:1768	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	5	4	theme	Petri	855:859	arg1	dishes					861:866	Petri dishes	855:866	Petri dishes	855:866	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	6	5	theme	streptozotocin-induced	1129:1150	arg1	mice					1169:1172	the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1125:1172	the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1125:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	4	6	theme	critical	660:667	arg1	issues					669:674	some critical issues	655:674	some critical issues	655:674	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	4	6	theme	critical	660:667	arg1	perfusion					729:737	in situ pancreas perfusion	712:737	in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct	712:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	8	7	dep	In	1337:1338	arg1	vitro					1340:1344	vitro	1340:1344	vitro	1340:1344	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	9	8	from	experiments	1472:1482	arg1	data					1454:1457	data	1454:1457	data from in vivo experiments	1454:1482	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	8	9	theme	In	1337:1338	arg1	assay					1381:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	0	10	theme	Isolation	115:123	arg1	Technique					125:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	4	11	dep	METHODS	577:583	arg1	introduced					607:616	introduced	607:616	has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct	603:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	3	12	theme	islets	537:542	arg1	isolation					513:521	isolation	513:521	isolation of functional islets	513:542	Hence, the methods of choice for isolation of functional islets and transplantation are crucial.
27752182	3	12	theme	islets	537:542	arg1	transplantation					548:562	transplantation	548:562	transplantation	548:562	Hence, the methods of choice for isolation of functional islets and transplantation are crucial.
27752182	8	13	from	response	1412:1419	arg1	islets					1433:1438	isolated islets	1424:1438	isolated islets	1424:1438	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	1	14	theme	insulin	212:218	arg1	therapy					220:226	insulin therapy	212:226	insulin therapy	212:226	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	9	15	theme	in	1464:1465	arg1	experiments					1472:1482	in vivo experiments	1464:1482	in vivo experiments	1464:1482	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	10	16	theme	transplantation	1793:1807	arg1	procedures					1809:1818	islet transplantation procedures	1787:1818	islet transplantation procedures	1787:1818	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	5	17	theme	XI	900:901	arg1	solution					903:910	only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution	873:910	only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution	873:910	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	4	18	theme	digestive	742:750	arg1	enzymes					752:758	digestive enzymes	742:758	digestive enzymes	742:758	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	1	19	theme	BACKGROUND	136:145	arg1	transplantation					153:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	19	theme	BACKGROUND	136:145	arg1	treatment					199:207	an ideal alternative treatment	178:207	an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)	178:262	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	7	20	theme	viable	1307:1312	arg1	pancreas					1327:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	7	20	theme	viable	1307:1312	arg1	yield					1270:1274	the mean yield	1261:1274	the mean yield of isolation	1261:1287	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	0	21	theme	Biomimetic	65:74	arg1	Hydrogel					76:83	Biomimetic Hydrogel	65:83	Biomimetic Hydrogel	65:83	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	2	22	theme	dispersion	468:477	arg1	problems					331:338	problems	331:338	problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets	331:403	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	2	22	theme	dispersion	468:477	arg1	site					434:437	the optimal transplantation site	406:437	the optimal transplantation site	406:437	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	2	22	theme	dispersion	468:477	arg1	prevention					448:457	the prevention	444:457	the prevention of islet dispersion	444:477	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	2	22	theme	dispersion	468:477	arg1	dispersion					468:477	islet dispersion	462:477	islet dispersion	462:477	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	5	23	theme	collagenase	883:893	arg1	solution					903:910	only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution	873:910	only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution	873:910	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	5	24	dep	solution	903:910	arg1	ml					880:881	ml	880:881	ml	880:881	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	0	25	theme	Simple	91:96	arg1	Technique					125:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	5	26	with	comparison	789:798	arg1	methods					818:824	conventional methods	805:824	conventional methods	805:824	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	9	27	theme	glucose	1540:1546	arg1	levels					1548:1553	blood glucose levels	1534:1553	blood glucose levels	1534:1553	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	4	28	theme	bile	775:778	arg1	duct					780:783	common bile duct	768:783	common bile duct	768:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	0	29	theme	Yield	103:107	arg1	Technique					125:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	5	30	theme	Ficoll	961:966	arg1	separation					977:986	Ficoll gradient separation	961:986	Ficoll gradient separation	961:986	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	7	31	from	pancreas	1327:1334	arg1	technique					1250:1258	our modified technique	1237:1258	our modified technique	1237:1258	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	10	32	theme	hydrogel	1742:1749	arg1	wrapping					1751:1758	biomimetic hydrogel wrapping	1731:1758	biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets	1731:1768	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	5	33	dep	ml	880:881	arg1	1					878:878	1	878:878	1	878:878	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	5	34	theme	conventional	805:816	arg1	methods					818:824	conventional methods	805:824	conventional methods	805:824	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	4	35	dep	in	712:713	arg1	situ					715:718	situ	715:718	situ	715:718	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	2	36	theme	transplantation	418:432	arg1	site					434:437	the optimal transplantation site	406:437	the optimal transplantation site	406:437	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	2	36	theme	transplantation	418:432	arg1	dispersion					468:477	islet dispersion	462:477	islet dispersion	462:477	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	8	37	theme	insulin	1363:1369	arg1	assay					1381:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	0	38	theme	New	14:16	arg1	Model					53:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model	12:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	12:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	3	39	theme	choice	502:507	arg1	methods					491:497	the methods	487:497	the methods of choice for isolation of functional islets and transplantation	487:562	Hence, the methods of choice for isolation of functional islets and transplantation are crucial.
27752182	3	39	theme	choice	502:507	arg1	crucial					568:574	crucial	568:574	crucial	568:574	Hence, the methods of choice for isolation of functional islets and transplantation are crucial.
27752182	9	40	theme	hydrogel	1575:1582	arg1	composite					1584:1592	hydrogel composite	1575:1592	hydrogel composite	1575:1592	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	2	41	theme	islets	398:403	arg1	number					366:371	a large number	358:371	a large number of functional and viable islets	358:403	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	0	42	theme	Islet	31:35	arg1	Model					53:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model	12:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	12:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	7	43	theme	mean	1265:1268	arg1	yield					1270:1274	the mean yield	1261:1274	the mean yield of isolation	1261:1287	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	7	43	theme	mean	1265:1268	arg1	pancreas					1327:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	7	44	dep	RESULTS	1175:1181	arg1	compared					1186:1193	compared	1186:1193	compared to the yield of the classical methods	1186:1231	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	10	45	theme	islet	1682:1686	arg1	technique					1698:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	45	theme	islet	1682:1686	arg1	model					1650:1654	the model	1646:1654	the model presented here	1646:1669	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	1	46	theme	type	232:235	arg1	T1DM					258:261	T1DM	258:261	T1DM	258:261	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	46	theme	type	232:235	arg1	Mellitus					248:255	type 1 diabetes Mellitus	232:255	type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)	232:262	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	9	47	theme	immune	1618:1623	arg1	cells					1625:1629	immune cells	1618:1629	immune cells	1618:1629	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	7	48	theme	modified	1241:1248	arg1	technique					1250:1258	our modified technique	1237:1258	our modified technique	1237:1258	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	8	49	theme	isolated	1424:1431	arg1	islets					1433:1438	isolated islets	1424:1438	isolated islets	1424:1438	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	2	50	theme	large	360:364	arg1	number					366:371	a large number	358:371	a large number of functional and viable islets	358:403	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	1	51	theme	ideal	181:185	arg1	transplantation					153:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	51	theme	ideal	181:185	arg1	treatment					199:207	an ideal alternative treatment	178:207	an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)	178:262	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	52	theme	diabetes	239:246	arg1	T1DM					258:261	T1DM	258:261	T1DM	258:261	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	52	theme	diabetes	239:246	arg1	Mellitus					248:255	type 1 diabetes Mellitus	232:255	type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)	232:262	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	6	53	from	embedded	1069:1076	arg1	composite					1034:1042	a hydrogel composite	1023:1042	a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1023:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	7	54	theme	methods	1225:1231	arg1	yield					1202:1206	the yield	1198:1206	the yield of the classical methods	1198:1231	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	6	55	from	composite	1034:1042	arg1	embedded					1069:1076	embedded	1069:1076	embedded	1069:1076	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	2	56	theme	experimental	283:294	arg1	field					296:300	This clinical and experimental field	265:300	This clinical and experimental field	265:300	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	4	57	from	issues	669:674	arg1	transplantation					685:699	islet transplantation	679:699	islet transplantation	679:699	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	6	58	theme	mice	1169:1172	arg1	cavity					1115:1120	the peritoneal cavity	1100:1120	the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1100:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	2	59	theme	clinical	270:277	arg1	field					296:300	This clinical and experimental field	265:300	This clinical and experimental field	265:300	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	6	60	theme	diabetic	1152:1159	arg1	mice					1169:1172	the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1125:1172	the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1125:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	10	61	theme	islet	1787:1791	arg1	procedures					1809:1818	islet transplantation procedures	1787:1818	islet transplantation procedures	1787:1818	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	1	62	theme	alternative	187:197	arg1	transplantation					153:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	62	theme	alternative	187:197	arg1	treatment					199:207	an ideal alternative treatment	178:207	an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)	178:262	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	3	63	theme	functional	526:535	arg1	islets					537:542	functional islets	526:542	functional islets	526:542	Hence, the methods of choice for isolation of functional islets and transplantation are crucial.
27752182	4	64	theme	experimental	621:632	arg1	model					634:638	an experimental model	618:638	an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct	618:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	5	65	from	pancreas	843:850	arg1	dishes					861:866	Petri dishes	855:866	Petri dishes	855:866	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	5	66	theme	type	895:898	arg1	solution					903:910	only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution	873:910	only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution	873:910	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	5	67	theme	hand-picking	935:946	arg1	isolation					948:956	hand-picking isolation	935:956	hand-picking isolation	935:956	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	4	68	theme	in	712:713	arg1	perfusion					729:737	in situ pancreas perfusion	712:737	in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct	712:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	1	69	theme	Islet	147:151	arg1	transplantation					153:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation	136:167	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	1	69	theme	Islet	147:151	arg1	treatment					199:207	an ideal alternative treatment	178:207	an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)	178:262	BACKGROUND Islet transplantation could be an ideal alternative treatment to insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).
27752182	7	70	theme	islets/mouse	1314:1325	arg1	pancreas					1327:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	7	70	theme	islets/mouse	1314:1325	arg1	yield					1270:1274	the mean yield	1261:1274	the mean yield of isolation	1261:1287	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	2	71	theme	islet	462:466	arg1	dispersion					468:477	islet dispersion	462:477	islet dispersion	462:477	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	4	72	theme	islet	679:683	arg1	transplantation					685:699	islet transplantation	679:699	islet transplantation	679:699	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	0	73	theme	High	98:101	arg1	Technique					125:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	9	74	dep	in	1464:1465	arg1	vivo					1467:1470	vivo	1467:1470	vivo	1467:1470	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	6	75	used	used	1018:1021	arg2	we					1015:1016	we	1015:1016	we	1015:1016	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	9	76	theme	blood	1534:1538	arg1	levels					1548:1553	blood glucose levels	1534:1553	blood glucose levels	1534:1553	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
27752182	10	77	theme	islets	1763:1768	arg1	wrapping					1751:1758	biomimetic hydrogel wrapping	1731:1758	biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets	1731:1768	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	0	78	theme	Islet	109:113	arg1	Technique					125:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	89:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	4	79	theme	common	768:773	arg1	duct					780:783	common bile duct	768:783	common bile duct	768:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	2	80	theme	functional	376:385	arg1	islets					398:403	functional and viable islets	376:403	functional and viable islets	376:403	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	7	81	theme	isolation	1279:1287	arg1	yield					1270:1274	the mean yield	1261:1274	the mean yield of isolation	1261:1287	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	7	81	theme	isolation	1279:1287	arg1	pancreas					1327:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas	1293:1334	RESULTS As compared to the yield of the classical methods, in our modified technique, the mean yield of isolation was about 130-200 viable islets/mouse pancreas.
27752182	4	82	theme	pancreas	720:727	arg1	perfusion					729:737	in situ pancreas perfusion	712:737	in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct	712:783	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	0	83	theme	Experimental	18:29	arg1	Model					53:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model	12:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	12:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	6	84	theme	hydrogel	1025:1032	arg1	composite					1034:1042	a hydrogel composite	1023:1042	a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1023:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	2	85	theme	optimal	410:416	arg1	site					434:437	the optimal transplantation site	406:437	the optimal transplantation site	406:437	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	2	85	theme	optimal	410:416	arg1	dispersion					468:477	islet dispersion	462:477	islet dispersion	462:477	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	8	86	theme	glucose-mediated	1346:1361	arg1	assay					1381:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	0	87	theme	Transplantation	37:51	arg1	Model					53:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model	12:57	a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique	12:133	Introducing a New Experimental Islet Transplantation Model using Biomimetic Hydrogel and a Simple High Yield Islet Isolation Technique.
27752182	8	88	theme	secretion	1371:1379	arg1	assay					1381:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay	1337:1385	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	2	89	theme	viable	391:396	arg1	islets					398:403	functional and viable islets	376:403	functional and viable islets	376:403	This clinical and experimental field requires a model that covers problems such as requiring a large number of functional and viable islets, the optimal transplantation site, and the prevention of islet dispersion.
27752182	10	90	from	CONCLUSION	1632:1641	arg1	model					1650:1654	the model	1646:1654	the model presented here	1646:1669	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	90	from	CONCLUSION	1632:1641	arg1	application					1716:1726	the application	1712:1726	the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets	1712:1768	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	90	from	CONCLUSION	1632:1641	arg1	technique					1698:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	6	91	theme	peritoneal	1104:1113	arg1	cavity					1115:1120	the peritoneal cavity	1100:1120	the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1100:1172	Then we used a hydrogel composite in which the islets were embedded and transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice.
27752182	10	92	theme	isolation	1688:1696	arg1	technique					1698:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	92	theme	isolation	1688:1696	arg1	model					1650:1654	the model	1646:1654	the model presented here	1646:1669	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	5	93	theme	gradient	968:975	arg1	separation					977:986	Ficoll gradient separation	961:986	Ficoll gradient separation	961:986	In comparison with conventional methods, we inflated the pancreas in Petri dishes with only 1 ml collagenase type XI solution, which was followed by hand-picking isolation or Ficoll gradient separation to purify the islets.
27752182	4	94	theme	present	589:595	arg1	study					597:601	The present study	585:601	The present study	585:601	METHODS The present study has introduced an experimental model that overcomes some critical issues in islet transplantation, including in situ pancreas perfusion by digestive enzymes through common bile duct.
27752182	8	95	theme	appropriate	1400:1410	arg1	response					1412:1419	an appropriate response	1397:1419	an appropriate response in isolated islets	1397:1438	In vitro glucose-mediated insulin secretion assay indicated an appropriate response in isolated islets.
27752182	10	96	theme	rapid	1676:1680	arg1	technique					1698:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	the rapid islet isolation technique	1672:1706	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	10	96	theme	rapid	1676:1680	arg1	model					1650:1654	the model	1646:1654	the model presented here	1646:1669	CONCLUSION In the model presented here, the rapid islet isolation technique and the application of biomimetic hydrogel wrapping of islets could facilitate islet transplantation procedures.
27752182	9	97	theme	cells	1625:1629	arg1	passage					1607:1613	the passage	1603:1613	the passage of immune cells	1603:1629	In addition, data from in vivo experiments revealed that the allograft remarkably maintained blood glucose levels under 400 mg/dl and hydrogel composite prevents the passage of immune cells.
25843850	0	0	theme	pore	94:97	arg1	mineralization					104:117	pore wall mineralization	94:117	pore wall mineralization	94:117	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	4	1	theme	cells	795:799	arg1	spreading					782:790	spreading	782:790	spreading	782:790	However, the hydrophilicity of pullulan did not support adhesion and spreading of cells.
25843850	4	1	theme	cells	795:799	arg1	adhesion					769:776	adhesion	769:776	adhesion	769:776	However, the hydrophilicity of pullulan did not support adhesion and spreading of cells.
25843850	1	2	theme	tissue	165:170	arg1	engineering					172:182	bone tissue engineering	160:182	bone tissue engineering	160:182	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	2	3	theme	hydrogels	373:381	arg1	properties					359:368	mechanical properties	348:368	mechanical properties of hydrogels	348:381	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	6	4	theme	compressive	1155:1165	arg1	modulus					1167:1173	their compressive modulus	1149:1173	their compressive modulus	1149:1173	This method resulted in rapid and uniform coating of HAp throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus.
25843850	5	5	theme	diffusion	887:895	arg1	method					897:902	a double diffusion method	878:902	a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls	878:958	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	5	6	theme	double	880:885	arg1	method					897:902	a double diffusion method	878:902	a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls	878:958	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	0	7	theme	wall	99:102	arg1	mineralization					104:117	pore wall mineralization	94:117	pore wall mineralization	94:117	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	2	8	theme	fillers	300:306	arg1	incorporation					283:295	incorporation	283:295	incorporation of fillers	283:306	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	8	theme	fillers	300:306	arg1	method					327:332	a well-accepted method	311:332	a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels	311:381	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	9	theme	%	590:590	arg1	nHAp					592:595	3 wt% nHAp	586:595	3 wt% nHAp in fibers	586:605	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	1	10	dep	explored	147:154	arg1	make					226:229	make	226:229	make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes	226:274	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	2	11	dep	fibers	535:540	arg1	fibers					549:554	3 wt% fibers	543:554	3 wt% fibers in hydrogel	543:566	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	3	12	theme	compressive	665:675	arg1	modulus					677:683	compressive modulus	665:683	compressive modulus of the scaffold by 10 fold	665:710	Addition of these fillers to pullulan hydrogel improved compressive modulus of the scaffold by 10 fold.
25843850	2	13	theme	wt	588:589	arg1	nHAp					592:595	3 wt% nHAp	586:595	3 wt% nHAp in fibers	586:605	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	6	14	theme	uniform	995:1001	arg1	coating					1003:1009	rapid and uniform coating	985:1009	rapid and uniform coating of HAp	985:1016	This method resulted in rapid and uniform coating of HAp throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus.
25843850	7	15	theme	tissue	1291:1296	arg1	engineering					1298:1308	bone tissue engineering	1286:1308	bone tissue engineering	1286:1308	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	2	16	theme	poly	505:508	arg1	fibers					535:540	poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers	505:540	poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers)	505:606	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	17	from	nHAp	483:486	arg1	hydrogel					491:498	hydrogel	491:498	hydrogel	491:498	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	7	18	from	potential	1206:1214	arg1	non-load					1269:1276	non-load	1269:1276	non-load bearing bone tissue engineering	1269:1308	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	5	19	from	deposition	917:926	arg1	walls					954:958	pore walls	949:958	pore walls	949:958	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	0	20	theme	composite	15:23	arg1	scaffolds					25:33	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds	0:33	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.	0:118	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	2	21	dep	nHAp	580:583	arg1	nHAp					592:595	3 wt% nHAp	586:595	3 wt% nHAp in fibers	586:605	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	6	22	theme	HAp	1014:1016	arg1	coating					1003:1009	rapid and uniform coating	985:1009	rapid and uniform coating of HAp	985:1016	This method resulted in rapid and uniform coating of HAp throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus.
25843850	2	23	theme	pullulan	397:404	arg1	hydrogels					406:414	pullulan hydrogels	397:414	pullulan hydrogels	397:414	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	0	24	theme	Pullulan-based	0:13	arg1	scaffolds					25:33	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds	0:33	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.	0:118	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	1	25	theme	poor	199:202	arg1	properties					215:224	their poor mechanical properties	193:224	their poor mechanical properties	193:224	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	2	26	from	fibers	549:554	arg1	hydrogel					559:566	hydrogel	559:566	hydrogel	559:566	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	27	theme	well-accepted	313:325	arg1	incorporation					283:295	incorporation	283:295	incorporation of fillers	283:306	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	27	theme	well-accepted	313:325	arg1	method					327:332	a well-accepted method	311:332	a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels	311:381	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	5	28	theme	pore	949:952	arg1	walls					954:958	pore walls	949:958	pore walls	949:958	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	1	29	theme	mechanical	204:213	arg1	properties					215:224	their poor mechanical properties	193:224	their poor mechanical properties	193:224	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	1	30	theme	Porous	120:125	arg1	hydrogels					127:135	Porous hydrogels	120:135	Porous hydrogels	120:135	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	2	31	theme	nano-crystalline	437:452	arg1	nHAp					470:473	nHAp	470:473	nHAp	470:473	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	31	theme	nano-crystalline	437:452	arg1	hydroxyapatite					454:467	nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite	437:467	nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel)	437:499	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	0	32	theme	tissue	44:49	arg1	engineering					51:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	7	33	theme	pullulan-based	1231:1244	arg1	scaffolds					1256:1264	mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds	1219:1264	mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds	1219:1264	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	4	34	theme	pullulan	744:751	arg1	hydrophilicity					726:739	the hydrophilicity	722:739	the hydrophilicity of pullulan	722:751	However, the hydrophilicity of pullulan did not support adhesion and spreading of cells.
25843850	7	35	theme	bone	1286:1289	arg1	engineering					1298:1308	bone tissue engineering	1286:1308	bone tissue engineering	1286:1308	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	7	36	theme	composite	1246:1254	arg1	scaffolds					1256:1264	mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds	1219:1264	mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds	1219:1264	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	2	37	theme	%	481:481	arg1	nHAp					483:486	5 wt% nHAp	477:486	5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel	477:498	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	0	38	theme	bone	39:42	arg1	engineering					51:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	7	39	theme	scaffolds	1256:1264	arg1	potential					1206:1214	the potential	1202:1214	the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering	1202:1308	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	2	40	theme	wt	479:480	arg1	nHAp					483:486	5 wt% nHAp	477:486	5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel	477:498	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	41	theme	%	547:547	arg1	fibers					549:554	3 wt% fibers	543:554	3 wt% fibers in hydrogel	543:566	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	3	42	theme	scaffold	692:699	arg1	modulus					677:683	compressive modulus	665:683	compressive modulus of the scaffold by 10 fold	665:710	Addition of these fillers to pullulan hydrogel improved compressive modulus of the scaffold by 10 fold.
25843850	2	43	dep	hydroxyapatite	454:467	arg1	nHAp					483:486	5 wt% nHAp	477:486	5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel	477:498	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	3	44	theme	pullulan	638:645	arg1	hydrogel					647:654	pullulan hydrogel	638:654	pullulan hydrogel	638:654	Addition of these fillers to pullulan hydrogel improved compressive modulus of the scaffold by 10 fold.
25843850	5	45	theme	porous	831:836	arg1	scaffolds					848:856	porous composite scaffolds	831:856	porous composite scaffolds	831:856	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	2	46	theme	wt	545:546	arg1	fibers					549:554	3 wt% fibers	543:554	3 wt% fibers in hydrogel	543:566	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	7	47	theme	mineralized	1219:1229	arg1	scaffolds					1256:1264	mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds	1219:1264	mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds	1219:1264	These results demonstrate the potential of mineralized pullulan-based composite scaffolds in non-load bearing bone tissue engineering.
25843850	5	48	theme	composite	838:846	arg1	scaffolds					848:856	porous composite scaffolds	831:856	porous composite scaffolds	831:856	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	2	49	theme	mechanical	348:357	arg1	properties					359:368	mechanical properties	348:368	mechanical properties of hydrogels	348:381	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	1	50	dep	graft	258:262	arg1	substitutes					264:274	substitutes	264:274	substitutes	264:274	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	0	51	dep	scaffolds	25:33	arg1	osteoconductivity					73:89	Improved osteoconductivity	64:89	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.	0:118	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	2	52	from	nHAp	592:595	arg1	fibers					600:605	fibers	600:605	fibers	600:605	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	6	53	from	improvement	1134:1144	arg1	modulus					1167:1173	their compressive modulus	1149:1173	their compressive modulus	1149:1173	This method resulted in rapid and uniform coating of HAp throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus.
25843850	5	54	theme	hydroxyapatite	931:944	arg1	deposition					917:926	deposition	917:926	deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls	917:958	To overcome this limitation, porous composite scaffolds were modified using a double diffusion method that enabled deposition of hydroxyapatite on pore walls.
25843850	6	55	theme	rapid	985:989	arg1	coating					1003:1009	rapid and uniform coating	985:1009	rapid and uniform coating of HAp	985:1016	This method resulted in rapid and uniform coating of HAp throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus.
25843850	6	56	theme	three-dimensional	1033:1049	arg1	scaffolds					1051:1059	the three-dimensional scaffolds	1029:1059	the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus	1029:1173	This method resulted in rapid and uniform coating of HAp throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds which not only rendered them osteoconductive in vitro but also led to an improvement in their compressive modulus.
25843850	0	57	theme	Improved	64:71	arg1	osteoconductivity					73:89	Improved osteoconductivity	64:89	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.	0:118	Pullulan-based composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Improved osteoconductivity by pore wall mineralization.
25843850	3	58	theme	fillers	627:633	arg1	Addition					609:616	Addition	609:616	Addition of these fillers to pullulan hydrogel	609:654	Addition of these fillers to pullulan hydrogel improved compressive modulus of the scaffold by 10 fold.
25843850	1	59	theme	bone	160:163	arg1	engineering					172:182	bone tissue engineering	160:182	bone tissue engineering	160:182	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
25843850	2	60	contain	containing	569:578	arg2	nHAp					580:583	nHAp	580:583	nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers)	580:606	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	2	60	contain	containing	569:578	arg1	fibers					535:540	poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers	505:540	poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers)	505:606	Since incorporation of fillers is a well-accepted method for improving mechanical properties of hydrogels, in this work pullulan hydrogels were reinforced with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAp) (5 wt% nHAp in hydrogel) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers (3 wt% fibers in hydrogel) containing nHAp (3 wt% nHAp in fibers).
25843850	1	61	theme	bone	253:256	arg1	graft					258:262	bone graft	253:262	bone graft substitutes	253:274	Porous hydrogels have been explored for bone tissue engineering; however their poor mechanical properties make them less suitable as bone graft substitutes.
26965377	6	0	theme	SBA	834:836	arg1	lectins					846:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	3	1	theme	cell	478:481	arg1	types					483:487	cell types	478:487	cell types	478:487	Relationships between tissue and cell types were analysed by hierarchical clustering.
26965377	0	2	from	glycosignature	7:20	arg1	maturity					106:113	maturity	106:113	maturity	106:113	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	0	2	from	glycosignature	7:20	arg1	immaturity					91:100	immaturity	91:100	immaturity	91:100	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	7	3	theme	PNA	1007:1009	arg1	binding					988:994	a specific binding	977:994	a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes	977:1033	Chondrocytes were distinguished from NP and AF cells with a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes.
26965377	1	4	theme	intervertebral	150:163	arg1	IVD					171:173	IVD	171:173	IVD	171:173	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	1	4	theme	intervertebral	150:163	arg1	disc					165:168	intervertebral disc	150:168	intervertebral disc (IVD)	150:174	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	5	5	theme	on/off	670:675	arg1	markers					687:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	6	6	theme	SNA-I	827:831	arg1	lectins					846:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	4	7	theme	annulus	571:577	arg1	AF					589:590	AF	589:590	AF	589:590	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	4	7	theme	annulus	571:577	arg1	fibrosus					579:586	annulus fibrosus	571:586	annulus fibrosus (AF)	571:591	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	5	8	theme	cell	677:680	arg1	markers					687:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	7	9	theme	LTA	999:1001	arg1	binding					988:994	a specific binding	977:994	a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes	977:1033	Chondrocytes were distinguished from NP and AF cells with a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes.
26965377	8	10	theme	sulfation	1199:1207	arg1	pattern					1209:1215	the same sulfation pattern	1190:1215	the same sulfation pattern	1190:1215	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	1	11	theme	distinct	230:237	arg1	glycoprofiles					239:251	distinct glycoprofiles	230:251	distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types	230:276	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	5	12	theme	type	682:685	arg1	markers					687:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	6	13	theme	MAA	822:824	arg1	lectins					846:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	7	14	theme	specific	979:986	arg1	binding					988:994	a specific binding	977:994	a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes	977:1033	Chondrocytes were distinguished from NP and AF cells with a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes.
26965377	5	15	theme	cells	772:776	arg1	discrimination					730:743	the discrimination	726:743	the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells	726:776	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	8	16	theme	NP	1133:1134	arg1	tissues					1136:1142	AF and NP tissues	1126:1142	AF and NP tissues	1126:1142	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	8	17	theme	AF	1126:1127	arg1	tissues					1136:1142	AF and NP tissues	1126:1142	AF and NP tissues	1126:1142	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	2	18	theme	AC	364:365	arg1	tissues					367:373	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues	323:373	tissues	367:373	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
26965377	2	19	theme	lectins	421:427	arg1	panel					412:416	a panel	410:416	a panel of lectins and antibodies	410:442	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
26965377	7	20	dep	LTA	999:1001	arg1	lectins					1011:1017	lectins	1011:1017	lectins	1011:1017	Chondrocytes were distinguished from NP and AF cells with a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes.
26965377	9	21	theme	tissue	1391:1396	arg1	types					1398:1402	tissue types	1391:1402	tissue types	1391:1402	In conclusion, distinct glycoprofiles for cell and tissue-types across age groups were identified in addition to altered CS composition and sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity.
26965377	3	22	theme	hierarchical	506:517	arg1	clustering					519:528	hierarchical clustering	506:528	hierarchical clustering	506:528	Relationships between tissue and cell types were analysed by hierarchical clustering.
26965377	8	23	theme	sulfation	1105:1113	arg1	pattern					1115:1121	sulfation pattern	1105:1121	sulfation pattern	1105:1121	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	5	24	theme	chondrocytes	748:759	arg1	discrimination					730:743	the discrimination	726:743	the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells	726:776	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	6	25	theme	NP	875:876	arg1	cells					878:882	NP cells	875:882	NP cells	875:882	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	8	26	from	switch	1095:1100	arg1	tissues					1136:1142	AF and NP tissues	1126:1142	AF and NP tissues	1126:1142	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	8	26	from	switch	1095:1100	arg1	pattern					1115:1121	sulfation pattern	1105:1121	sulfation pattern	1105:1121	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	4	27	theme	AC	620:621	arg1	tissues					623:629	AC tissues	620:629	AC tissues	620:629	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	0	28	theme	Unique	0:5	arg1	glycosignature					7:20	Unique glycosignature	0:20	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.	0:114	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	4	29	theme	sulfate	543:549	arg1	composition					556:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition	531:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues	531:629	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	2	30	theme	ovine	350:354	arg1	IVD					356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues	323:373	IVD	356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
26965377	0	31	theme	intervertebral	26:39	arg1	disc					41:44	intervertebral disc	26:44	intervertebral disc	26:44	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	4	32	theme	Chondroitin	531:541	arg1	sulfate					543:549	Chondroitin sulfate	531:549	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues	531:629	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	4	32	theme	Chondroitin	531:541	arg1	CS					552:553	CS	552:553	CS	552:553	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	7	33	theme	AF	963:964	arg1	cells					966:970	NP and AF cells	956:970	NP and AF cells	956:970	Chondrocytes were distinguished from NP and AF cells with a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes.
26965377	8	34	theme	same	1194:1197	arg1	pattern					1209:1215	the same sulfation pattern	1190:1215	the same sulfation pattern	1190:1215	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	9	35	theme	distinct	1243:1250	arg1	glycoprofiles					1252:1264	distinct glycoprofiles	1243:1264	distinct glycoprofiles for cell	1243:1273	In conclusion, distinct glycoprofiles for cell and tissue-types across age groups were identified in addition to altered CS composition and sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity.
26965377	4	36	theme	nucleus	594:600	arg1	pulposus					602:609	nucleus pulposus	594:609	nucleus pulposus (NP)	594:614	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	4	36	theme	nucleus	594:600	arg1	NP					612:613	NP	612:613	NP	612:613	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	1	37	theme	cell	256:259	arg1	markers					138:144	on/off markers	131:144	on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes)	131:224	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	1	37	theme	cell	256:259	arg1	glycoprofiles					239:251	distinct glycoprofiles	230:251	distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types	230:276	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	2	38	theme	Three	323:327	arg1	IVD					356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues	323:373	IVD	356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
26965377	1	39	theme	articular	180:188	arg1	AC					201:202	AC	201:202	AC	201:202	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	1	39	theme	articular	180:188	arg1	cartilage					190:198	articular cartilage	180:198	articular cartilage (AC)	180:203	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	8	40	theme	distinct	1086:1093	arg1	switch					1095:1100	a distinct switch	1084:1100	a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity	1084:1161	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	8	41	theme	disc	1149:1152	arg1	maturity					1154:1161	disc maturity	1149:1161	disc maturity	1149:1161	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	7	42	theme	NP	956:957	arg1	cells					966:970	NP and AF cells	956:970	NP and AF cells	956:970	Chondrocytes were distinguished from NP and AF cells with a specific binding of LTA and PNA lectins to chondrocytes.
26965377	8	43	theme	CS	1064:1065	arg1	composition					1067:1077	a unique CS composition	1055:1077	a unique CS composition	1055:1077	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	9	44	theme	CS	1349:1350	arg1	composition					1352:1362	altered CS composition	1341:1362	altered CS composition	1341:1362	In conclusion, distinct glycoprofiles for cell and tissue-types across age groups were identified in addition to altered CS composition and sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity.
26965377	2	45	theme	antibodies	433:442	arg1	panel					412:416	a panel	410:416	a panel of lectins and antibodies	410:442	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
26965377	1	46	theme	tissue-types	265:276	arg1	markers					138:144	on/off markers	131:144	on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes)	131:224	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	1	46	theme	tissue-types	265:276	arg1	glycoprofiles					239:251	distinct glycoprofiles	230:251	distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types	230:276	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	5	47	theme	Clear	664:668	arg1	markers					687:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers	664:693	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	6	48	theme	NP	786:787	arg1	cells					789:793	AF and NP cells	779:793	AF and NP cells	779:793	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	5	49	theme	AF	762:763	arg1	discrimination					730:743	the discrimination	726:743	the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells	726:776	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	4	50	theme	pulposus	602:609	arg1	composition					556:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition	531:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues	531:629	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	9	51	theme	sulfation	1368:1376	arg1	patterns					1378:1385	sulfation patterns	1368:1385	sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity	1368:1416	In conclusion, distinct glycoprofiles for cell and tissue-types across age groups were identified in addition to altered CS composition and sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity.
26965377	1	52	dep	disc	165:168	arg1	cells					205:209	cells	205:209	cells (chondrocytes)	205:224	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	1	52	dep	disc	165:168	arg1	chondrocytes					212:223	chondrocytes	212:223	chondrocytes	212:223	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	0	53	theme	articular	50:58	arg1	cartilage					60:68	articular cartilage	50:68	articular cartilage	50:68	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	6	54	theme	AF	779:780	arg1	cells					789:793	AF and NP cells	779:793	AF and NP cells	779:793	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	0	55	dep	disc	41:44	arg1	tissues					80:86	tissues	80:86	tissues	80:86	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	0	55	dep	disc	41:44	arg1	cells					70:74	cells	70:74	cells	70:74	Unique glycosignature for intervertebral disc and articular cartilage cells and tissues in immaturity and maturity.
26965377	9	56	theme	altered	1341:1347	arg1	composition					1352:1362	altered CS composition	1341:1362	altered CS composition	1341:1362	In conclusion, distinct glycoprofiles for cell and tissue-types across age groups were identified in addition to altered CS composition and sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity.
26965377	4	57	theme	HPLC	649:652	arg1	analysis					654:661	HPLC analysis	649:661	HPLC analysis	649:661	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	6	58	theme	WFA	842:844	arg1	lectins					846:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins	822:852	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	1	59	theme	on/off	131:136	arg1	markers					138:144	on/off markers	131:144	on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes)	131:224	In this study, on/off markers for intervertebral disc (IVD) and articular cartilage (AC) cells (chondrocytes) and distinct glycoprofiles of cell and tissue-types were identified from immaturity to maturity.
26965377	8	60	theme	unique	1057:1062	arg1	composition					1067:1077	a unique CS composition	1055:1077	a unique CS composition	1055:1077	Each tissue showed a unique CS composition with a distinct switch in sulfation pattern in AF and NP tissues upon disc maturity while cartilage maintained the same sulfation pattern over time.
26965377	4	61	theme	tissues	623:629	arg1	composition					556:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition	531:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues	531:629	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	4	62	theme	fibrosus	579:586	arg1	composition					556:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition	531:566	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues	531:629	Chondroitin sulfate (CS) composition of annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP) and AC tissues was determined by HPLC analysis.
26965377	5	63	theme	NP	769:770	arg1	cells					772:776	NP cells	769:776	NP cells	769:776	Clear on/off cell type markers were identified, which enabled the discrimination of chondrocytes, AF and NP cells.
26965377	2	64	theme	month-old	340:348	arg1	IVD					356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues	323:373	IVD	356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
26965377	6	65	theme	AF	909:910	arg1	cells					912:916	AF cells	909:916	AF cells	909:916	AF and NP cells were distinguishable using MAA, SNA-I, SBA and WFA lectins, which bound to both NP cells and chondrocytes but not AF cells.
26965377	9	66	theme	age	1299:1301	arg1	groups					1303:1308	age groups	1299:1308	age groups	1299:1308	In conclusion, distinct glycoprofiles for cell and tissue-types across age groups were identified in addition to altered CS composition and sulfation patterns for tissue types upon maturity.
26965377	2	67	theme	eleven	333:338	arg1	IVD					356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues	323:373	IVD	356:358	Three and eleven month-old ovine IVD and AC tissues were histochemically profiled with a panel of lectins and antibodies.
29165477	2	0	theme	hypercholesterolemic	476:495	arg1	rats					497:500	hypercholesterolemic rats	476:500	hypercholesterolemic rats	476:500	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	5	1	theme	control	1040:1046	arg1	diet					1048:1051	the control diet	1036:1051	the control diet	1036:1051	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	3	2	dep	kDa	730:732	arg1	mediumBG					735:742	mediumBG	735:742	mediumBG	735:742	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	7	3	theme	triacylglycerol	1468:1482	arg1	levels					1484:1489	blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels	1446:1489	levels	1484:1489	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	0	4	theme	cecal	76:80	arg1	fermentation					82:93	cecal fermentation	76:93	cecal fermentation	76:93	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	7	5	theme	structure	1371:1379	arg1	independent					1322:1332	independent	1322:1332	independent	1322:1332	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	5	6	theme	short-chain	992:1002	arg1	SCFAs					1017:1021	SCFAs	1017:1021	SCFAs	1017:1021	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	5	6	theme	short-chain	992:1002	arg1	acids					1010:1014	short-chain fatty acids	992:1014	short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	992:1022	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	3	7	theme	cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl	773:799	arg1	ratio					810:814	cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio	773:814	cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks	773:826	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	0	8	theme	microbial	99:107	arg1	composition					109:119	microbial composition	99:119	microbial composition	99:119	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	3	9	theme	purified	636:643	arg1	BGs					652:654	purified barley BGs	636:654	purified barley BGs	636:654	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	5	10	theme	BG	953:954	arg1	diets					956:960	The BG diets	949:960	The BG diets	949:960	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	1	11	theme	food	253:256	arg1	matrices					258:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices	207:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers	207:326	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	7	12	theme	oligomer	1356:1363	arg1	structure					1371:1379	oligomer block structure	1356:1379	oligomer block structure	1356:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	4	13	dep	week	936:939	arg1	to					943:944	to	943:944	to	943:944	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	3	14	from	weeks	515:519	arg1	diet					542:545	a high-cholestrol diet	524:545	a high-cholestrol diet	524:545	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	7	15	theme	independent	1322:1332	arg1	diet					1317:1320	the diet	1313:1320	the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure	1313:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	8	16	theme	lipid	1631:1635	arg1	composition					1637:1647	plasma lipid composition	1624:1647	plasma lipid composition	1624:1647	Furthermore, the cecal fermentation pattern and microbial composition did not seem to affect plasma lipid composition.
29165477	8	17	theme	fermentation	1554:1565	arg1	pattern					1567:1573	the cecal fermentation pattern	1544:1573	the cecal fermentation pattern	1544:1573	Furthermore, the cecal fermentation pattern and microbial composition did not seem to affect plasma lipid composition.
29165477	4	18	theme	plasma	891:896	arg1	triacylglycerol					898:912	plasma triacylglycerol	891:912	plasma triacylglycerol	891:912	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	7	19	theme	block	1365:1369	arg1	structure					1371:1379	oligomer block structure	1356:1379	oligomer block structure	1356:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	2	20	dep	mass	359:362	arg1	food					404:407	important for BG food and health properties	387:429	food	404:407	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	2	20	dep	mass	359:362	arg1	properties					420:429	important for BG food and health properties	387:429	properties	420:429	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	4	21	dep	diets	838:842	arg1	control					845:851	control	845:851	control	845:851	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	4	21	dep	diets	838:842	arg1	mediumBG					873:880	mediumBG	873:880	mediumBG	873:880	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	4	21	dep	diets	838:842	arg1	lowBG					864:868	lowBG	864:868	lowBG	864:868	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	4	21	dep	diets	838:842	arg1	diets					838:842	All four diets	829:842	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG)	829:881	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	4	21	dep	diets	838:842	arg1	glucagel					854:861	glucagel	854:861	glucagel	854:861	All four diets (control, glucagel, lowBG or mediumBG) reduced plasma triacylglycerol and cholesterols from week 3 to 7.
29165477	2	22	theme	important	387:395	arg1	food					404:407	important for BG food and health properties	387:429	food	404:407	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	7	23	theme	mass	1347:1350	arg1	independent					1322:1332	independent	1322:1332	independent	1322:1332	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	8	24	theme	cecal	1548:1552	arg1	pattern					1567:1573	the cecal fermentation pattern	1544:1573	the cecal fermentation pattern	1544:1573	Furthermore, the cecal fermentation pattern and microbial composition did not seem to affect plasma lipid composition.
29165477	3	25	theme	molecular	745:753	arg1	masses					755:760	molecular masses	745:760	molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks	745:826	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	2	26	theme	plasma	440:445	arg1	lipids					447:452	plasma lipids	440:452	plasma lipids	440:452	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	3	27	dep	kDa	677:679	arg1	glucagel					682:689	glucagel	682:689	glucagel	682:689	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	3	27	dep	kDa	677:679	arg1	lowBG					694:698	lowBG	694:698	lowBG	694:698	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	8	28	theme	microbial	1579:1587	arg1	composition					1589:1599	microbial composition	1579:1599	microbial composition	1579:1599	Furthermore, the cecal fermentation pattern and microbial composition did not seem to affect plasma lipid composition.
29165477	8	29	theme	plasma	1624:1629	arg1	composition					1637:1647	plasma lipid composition	1624:1647	plasma lipid composition	1624:1647	Furthermore, the cecal fermentation pattern and microbial composition did not seem to affect plasma lipid composition.
29165477	6	30	theme	lowBG	1071:1075	arg1	diets					1077:1081	The glucagel and lowBG diets	1054:1081	diets	1077:1081	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	2	31	theme	oligomer	368:375	arg1	structure					377:385	oligomer structure	368:385	oligomer structure	368:385	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	0	32	theme	Barley	0:5	arg1	beta-glucans					7:18	Barley beta-glucans	0:18	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure	0:67	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	6	33	theme	mediumBG	1150:1157	arg1	diet					1159:1162	the mediumBG diet	1146:1162	the mediumBG diet	1146:1162	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	7	34	theme	additional	1391:1400	arg1	effect					1402:1407	no additional effect	1388:1407	no additional effect	1388:1407	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	1	35	theme	unmet	192:196	arg1	need					198:201	an unmet need	189:201	an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers	189:326	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	7	36	dep	showed	1381:1386	arg1	compared					1409:1416	compared	1409:1416	showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1381:1528	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	0	37	theme	blood	129:133	arg1	profiles					141:148	blood lipid profiles	129:148	blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats	129:177	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	7	38	theme	barley	1287:1292	arg1	BGs					1294:1296	barley BGs	1287:1296	barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure	1287:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	6	39	theme	glucagel	1058:1065	arg1	diets					1077:1081	The glucagel and lowBG diets	1054:1081	diets	1077:1081	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	7	40	theme	hypercholesterolemic	1499:1518	arg1	model					1524:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	6	41	dep	stimulated	1083:1092	arg1	whereas					1138:1144	whereas	1138:1144	whereas	1138:1144	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	2	42	theme	health	413:418	arg1	properties					420:429	important for BG food and health properties	387:429	properties	420:429	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	7	43	theme	diet	1317:1320	arg1	%					1308:1308	6.5-7.5%	1301:1308	6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure	1301:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	7	43	theme	diet	1317:1320	arg1	diet					1317:1320	the diet	1313:1320	the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure	1313:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	0	44	from	fermentation	82:93	arg1	rats					174:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	2	45	theme	gut	458:460	arg1	parameters					462:471	gut parameters	458:471	gut parameters	458:471	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	1	46	theme	sufficient	284:293	arg1	doses					309:313	sufficient and active BG doses	284:313	sufficient and active BG doses	284:313	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	3	47	theme	barley	645:650	arg1	BGs					652:654	purified barley BGs	636:654	purified barley BGs	636:654	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	1	48	theme	appealing	207:215	arg1	matrices					258:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices	207:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers	207:326	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	0	49	theme	molecular	31:39	arg1	mass					41:44	molecular mass	31:44	molecular mass	31:44	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	0	50	theme	lipid	135:139	arg1	profiles					141:148	blood lipid profiles	129:148	blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats	129:177	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	5	51	theme	acids	1010:1014	arg1	production					978:987	cecal production	972:987	cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	972:1022	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	6	52	theme	Lactobacillus	1215:1227	arg1	numbers					1172:1178	numbers	1172:1178	numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus	1172:1227	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	0	53	theme	oligomer	50:57	arg1	structure					59:67	oligomer structure	50:67	oligomer structure	50:67	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	1	54	theme	active	299:304	arg1	doses					309:313	sufficient and active BG doses	284:313	sufficient and active BG doses	284:313	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	0	55	theme	hypercholesterolemic	153:172	arg1	rats					174:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	7	56	theme	rat	1520:1522	arg1	model					1524:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	3	57	theme	high-cholesterol	566:581	arg1	diet					583:586	a high-cholesterol diet	564:586	a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks	564:826	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	7	58	from	levels	1484:1489	arg1	model					1524:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	1	59	theme	BG	306:307	arg1	doses					309:313	sufficient and active BG doses	284:313	sufficient and active BG doses	284:313	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	6	60	theme	control	1258:1264	arg1	diet					1266:1269	the control diet	1254:1269	the control diet	1254:1269	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	5	61	theme	cecal	972:976	arg1	production					978:987	cecal production	972:987	cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	972:1022	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	7	62	theme	control	1425:1431	arg1	treatment					1433:1441	the control treatment	1421:1441	the control treatment	1421:1441	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	7	63	theme	blood	1446:1450	arg1	cholesterol					1452:1462	blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels	1446:1489	cholesterol	1452:1462	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	6	64	theme	Bacteroides/Prevotella	1188:1209	arg1	numbers					1172:1178	numbers	1172:1178	numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus	1172:1227	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	0	65	from	composition	109:119	arg1	rats					174:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	7	66	from	%	1308:1308	arg1	BGs					1294:1296	barley BGs	1287:1296	barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure	1287:1379	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	0	67	from	profiles	141:148	arg1	rats					174:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	hypercholesterolemic rats	153:177	Barley beta-glucans varying in molecular mass and oligomer structure affect cecal fermentation and microbial composition but not blood lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	3	68	theme	high-cholestrol	526:540	arg1	diet					542:545	a high-cholestrol diet	524:545	a high-cholestrol diet	524:545	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	5	69	theme	fatty	1004:1008	arg1	SCFAs					1017:1021	SCFAs	1017:1021	SCFAs	1017:1021	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	5	69	theme	fatty	1004:1008	arg1	acids					1010:1014	short-chain fatty acids	992:1014	short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	992:1022	The BG diets increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to the control diet.
29165477	2	70	theme	molecular	349:357	arg1	mass					359:362	molecular mass	349:362	molecular mass	349:362	We investigated how molecular mass and oligomer structure important for BG food and health properties affected plasma lipids and gut parameters in hypercholesterolemic rats.
29165477	3	71	theme	oligomer	801:808	arg1	ratio					810:814	cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio	773:814	cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks	773:826	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	1	72	theme	barley	232:237	arg1	β-glucan					239:246	barley β-glucan	232:246	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers	207:326	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	1	72	theme	barley	232:237	arg1	BG					249:250	BG	249:250	BG	249:250	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	7	73	theme	molecular	1337:1345	arg1	mass					1347:1350	molecular mass	1337:1350	molecular mass	1337:1350	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	6	74	theme	Bifidobacterium	1108:1122	arg1	number					1098:1103	the number	1094:1103	the number of Bifidobacterium	1094:1122	The glucagel and lowBG diets stimulated the number of Bifidobacterium in the cecum, whereas the mediumBG diet reduced numbers of both Bacteroides/Prevotella and Lactobacillus in the cecum compared to the control diet.
29165477	1	75	theme	β-glucan	239:246	arg1	matrices					258:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices	207:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers	207:326	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
29165477	3	76	dep	low	661:663	arg1	kDa					677:679	100 or 150 kDa	666:679	100 or 150 kDa	666:679	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	3	76	dep	low	661:663	arg1	masses					755:760	molecular masses	745:760	molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks	745:826	Following 3 weeks on a high-cholestrol diet, rats were given a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either cellulose (control) or purified barley BGs with low (100 or 150 kDa; glucagel or lowBG, respectively) or medium (530 kDa; mediumBG) molecular masses varying in cellotriosyl/cellotetraosyl oligomer ratio for 4 weeks.
29165477	7	77	from	cholesterol	1452:1462	arg1	model					1524:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	this hypercholesterolemic rat model	1494:1528	In conclusion, barley BGs at 6.5-7.5% of the diet independent of molecular mass and oligomer block structure showed no additional effect compared to the control treatment on blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in this hypercholesterolemic rat model.
29165477	1	78	theme	functional	221:230	arg1	matrices					258:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices	207:265	appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers	207:326	There is an unmet need for appealing and functional barley β-glucan (BG) food matrices that can provide sufficient and active BG doses to consumers.
26780636	0	0	theme	intestinal	76:85	arg1	histology					87:95	intestinal histology	76:95	intestinal histology	76:95	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	1	theme	feed	606:609	arg1	ratio					622:626	the feed conversion ratio	602:626	the feed conversion ratio	602:626	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	6	2	theme	whole-fish	1144:1153	arg1	composition					1160:1170	the whole-fish body composition	1140:1170	the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05)	1140:1181	Also, the chitosan supplementation did not affect the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05).
26780636	6	2	theme	whole-fish	1144:1153	arg1	P > 0.05					1173:1180	P > 0.05	1173:1180	P > 0.05	1173:1180	Also, the chitosan supplementation did not affect the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05).
26780636	0	3	dep	Caspian	122:128	arg1	kutum					130:134	Caspian kutum	122:134	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	4	theme	other	719:723	arg1	P < 0.05					733:740	P < 0.05	733:740	P < 0.05	733:740	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	4	theme	other	719:723	arg1	groups					725:730	the other groups	715:730	the other groups (P < 0.05)	715:741	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	9	5	theme	Caspian	1561:1567	arg1	fingerlings					1575:1585	the Caspian kutum fingerlings	1557:1585	the Caspian kutum fingerlings	1557:1585	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	1	6	theme	stress	331:336	arg1	resistance					338:347	stress resistance	331:347	stress resistance	331:347	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	9	7	theme	feed	1601:1604	arg1	ratio					1617:1621	feed conversion ratio	1601:1621	feed conversion ratio	1601:1621	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	5	8	theme	dietary	1059:1065	arg1	treatments					1067:1076	dietary treatments	1059:1076	dietary treatments (P > 0.05)	1059:1087	Lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils did not significantly change among dietary treatments (P > 0.05).
26780636	5	8	theme	dietary	1059:1065	arg1	P > 0.05					1079:1086	P > 0.05	1079:1086	P > 0.05	1079:1086	Lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils did not significantly change among dietary treatments (P > 0.05).
26780636	0	9	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	performance					37:47	growth performance	30:47	growth performance	30:47	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	9	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	parameters					64:73	hematological parameters	50:73	hematological parameters	50:73	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	9	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	histology					87:95	intestinal histology	76:95	intestinal histology	76:95	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	9	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	resistance					108:117	stress resistance	101:117	stress resistance	101:117	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	10	theme	fingerlings	175:185	arg1	performance					37:47	growth performance	30:47	growth performance	30:47	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	10	theme	fingerlings	175:185	arg1	parameters					64:73	hematological parameters	50:73	hematological parameters	50:73	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	10	theme	fingerlings	175:185	arg1	histology					87:95	intestinal histology	76:95	intestinal histology	76:95	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	10	theme	fingerlings	175:185	arg1	resistance					108:117	stress resistance	101:117	stress resistance	101:117	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	11	theme	dietary	243:249	arg1	chitosan					251:258	dietary chitosan	243:258	dietary chitosan	243:258	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	7	12	theme	chitosan	1300:1307	arg1	1 g kg					1286:1291	1 g kg(-1)	1286:1295	1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05)	1286:1344	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	1	13	from	parameters	297:306	arg1	fingerlings					431:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	14	theme	1901	425:428	arg1	Kamenskii					414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	14	theme	1901	425:428	arg1	kutum					407:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	15	contain	containing	669:678	arg2	-1					687:688	-1	687:688	-1	687:688	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	15	contain	containing	669:678	arg2	1 g kg					680:685	1 g kg	680:685	1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05)	680:741	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	15	contain	containing	669:678	arg1	diet					664:667	diet	664:667	diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05)	664:741	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	1	16	theme	chitosan	251:258	arg1	effects					232:238	the effects	228:238	the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	228:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	17	theme	body	353:356	arg1	composition					358:368	body composition	353:368	body composition	353:368	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	18	from	performance	270:280	arg1	fingerlings					431:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	9	19	theme	nonspecific	1628:1638	arg1	mechanisms					1648:1657	the nonspecific defense mechanisms	1624:1657	the nonspecific defense mechanisms	1624:1657	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	0	20	theme	stress	101:106	arg1	resistance					108:117	stress resistance	101:117	stress resistance	101:117	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	21	theme	conversion	611:620	arg1	ratio					622:626	the feed conversion ratio	602:626	the feed conversion ratio	602:626	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	6	22	theme	chitosan	1100:1107	arg1	supplementation					1109:1123	the chitosan supplementation	1096:1123	the chitosan supplementation	1096:1123	Also, the chitosan supplementation did not affect the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	23	theme	significant	762:772	arg1	differences					774:784	no significant differences	759:784	no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05)	759:868	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	7	24	theme	Light	1184:1188	arg1	microscopy					1190:1199	Light microscopy	1184:1199	Light microscopy	1184:1199	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	1	25	from	composition	358:368	arg1	fingerlings					431:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	8	26	theme	13 ‰	1360:1363	arg1	salinity					1365:1372	11 and 13 ‰ salinity	1353:1372	salinity	1365:1372	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	4	27	contain	containing	908:917	arg2	2 g kg					919:924	2 g kg(-1)	919:928	2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05)	919:980	Leukocyte increased in fish fed diet containing 2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).
26780636	4	27	contain	containing	908:917	arg1	diet					903:906	diet	903:906	diet containing 2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05)	903:980	Leukocyte increased in fish fed diet containing 2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).
26780636	8	28	theme	11	1353:1354	arg1	salinity					1365:1372	11 and 13 ‰ salinity	1353:1372	salinity	1365:1372	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	9	29	theme	kutum	1569:1573	arg1	fingerlings					1575:1585	the Caspian kutum fingerlings	1557:1585	the Caspian kutum fingerlings	1557:1585	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	8	30	theme	30 °C	1378:1382	arg1	stress					1392:1397	30 °C thermal stress	1378:1397	30 °C thermal stress	1378:1397	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	2	31	theme	60 days	573:579	arg1	period					563:568	a period	561:568	a period of 60 days	561:579	Fish (1.7 ± 0.15 g) were fed diets containing chitosan at different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet) for a period of 60 days.
26780636	9	32	from	chitosan	1533:1540	arg1	diet					1549:1552	the diet	1545:1552	the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings	1545:1585	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	4	33	theme	other	958:962	arg1	groups					964:969	the other groups	954:969	the other groups (P < 0.05)	954:980	Leukocyte increased in fish fed diet containing 2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).
26780636	4	33	theme	other	958:962	arg1	P < 0.05					972:979	P < 0.05	972:979	P < 0.05	972:979	Leukocyte increased in fish fed diet containing 2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).
26780636	0	34	theme	chitosan	18:25	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.	0:186	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	35	theme	growth	263:268	arg1	performance					270:280	growth performance	263:280	growth performance	263:280	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	36	theme	Caspian	122:128	arg1	frisii					145:150	Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901	137:172	frisii	145:150	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	36	theme	Caspian	122:128	arg1	fingerlings					175:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	37	theme	specific	817:824	arg1	rate					833:836	specific growth rate	817:836	specific growth rate	817:836	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	0	38	theme	dietary	10:16	arg1	chitosan					18:25	dietary chitosan	10:25	dietary chitosan	10:25	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	8	39	contain	had	1399:1401	arg1	stress					1392:1397	30 °C thermal stress	1378:1397	30 °C thermal stress	1378:1397	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	8	39	contain	had	1399:1401	arg2	effect					1406:1411	no effect	1403:1411	no effect	1403:1411	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	8	39	contain	had	1399:1401	arg1	salinity					1365:1372	11 and 13 ‰ salinity	1353:1372	salinity	1365:1372	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	0	40	theme	growth	30:35	arg1	performance					37:47	growth performance	30:47	growth performance	30:47	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	8	41	theme	thermal	1384:1390	arg1	stress					1392:1397	30 °C thermal stress	1378:1397	30 °C thermal stress	1378:1397	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	1	42	from	effects	232:238	arg1	performance					270:280	growth performance	263:280	growth performance	263:280	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	42	from	effects	232:238	arg1	parameters					297:306	hematological parameters	283:306	hematological parameters	283:306	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	42	from	effects	232:238	arg1	histology					320:328	intestinal histology	309:328	intestinal histology	309:328	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	42	from	effects	232:238	arg1	resistance					338:347	stress resistance	331:347	stress resistance	331:347	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	42	from	effects	232:238	arg1	composition					358:368	body composition	353:368	body composition	353:368	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	43	theme	Caspian	377:383	arg1	kutum					385:389	the Caspian kutum	373:389	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	8	44	theme	chitosan	1428:1435	arg1	-1					1421:1422	-1	1421:1422	-1	1421:1422	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	8	44	theme	chitosan	1428:1435	arg1	1 g kg					1414:1419	1 g kg	1414:1419	1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05)	1414:1446	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	9	45	theme	defense	1640:1646	arg1	mechanisms					1648:1657	the nonspecific defense mechanisms	1624:1657	the nonspecific defense mechanisms	1624:1657	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	1	46	from	resistance	338:347	arg1	fingerlings					431:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	47	theme	hematological	283:295	arg1	parameters					297:306	hematological parameters	283:306	hematological parameters	283:306	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	2	48	theme	different	502:510	arg1	levels					512:517	different levels	502:517	different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet)	502:555	Fish (1.7 ± 0.15 g) were fed diets containing chitosan at different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet) for a period of 60 days.
26780636	2	48	theme	different	502:510	arg1	diet					551:554	0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet	520:554	0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet	520:554	Fish (1.7 ± 0.15 g) were fed diets containing chitosan at different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet) for a period of 60 days.
26780636	1	49	theme	kutum	385:389	arg1	fingerlings					431:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	9	50	theme	fingerlings	1575:1585	arg1	diet					1549:1552	the diet	1545:1552	the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings	1545:1585	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	9	51	theme	environmental	1689:1701	arg1	stresses					1703:1710	the environmental stresses	1685:1710	the environmental stresses	1685:1710	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	1	52	from	histology	320:328	arg1	fingerlings					431:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	373:441	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	7	53	contain	containing	1275:1284	arg2	1 g kg					1286:1291	1 g kg(-1)	1286:1295	1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05)	1286:1344	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	7	53	contain	containing	1275:1284	arg1	diet					1270:1273	diet	1270:1273	diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05)	1270:1344	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	9	54	theme	conversion	1606:1615	arg1	ratio					1617:1621	feed conversion ratio	1601:1621	feed conversion ratio	1601:1621	The results showed that chitosan in the diet of the Caspian kutum fingerlings could improve feed conversion ratio, the nonspecific defense mechanisms and resistance to some of the environmental stresses.
26780636	7	55	theme	intestinal	1223:1232	arg1	length					1241:1246	the intestinal villus length	1219:1246	the intestinal villus length	1219:1246	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	3	56	theme	condition	842:850	arg1	P > 0.05					860:867	P > 0.05	860:867	P > 0.05	860:867	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	56	theme	condition	842:850	arg1	factor					852:857	condition factor	842:857	condition factor (P > 0.05)	842:868	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	7	57	theme	control	1321:1327	arg1	P < 0.05					1336:1343	P < 0.05	1336:1343	P < 0.05	1336:1343	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	7	57	theme	control	1321:1327	arg1	group					1329:1333	control group	1321:1333	control group (P < 0.05)	1321:1344	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	0	58	theme	Rutilus	137:143	arg1	frisii					145:150	Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901	137:172	frisii	145:150	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	58	theme	Rutilus	137:143	arg1	fingerlings					175:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	59	theme	Rutilus	392:398	arg1	Kamenskii					414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	59	theme	Rutilus	392:398	arg1	kutum					407:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	7	60	theme	villus	1234:1239	arg1	length					1241:1246	the intestinal villus length	1219:1246	the intestinal villus length	1219:1246	Light microscopy demonstrated that the intestinal villus length increased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to control group (P < 0.05).
26780636	3	61	theme	growth	826:831	arg1	rate					833:836	specific growth rate	817:836	specific growth rate	817:836	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	8	62	theme	34 °C	1487:1491	arg1	stress					1501:1506	34 °C thermal stress	1487:1506	34 °C thermal stress	1487:1506	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	4	63	theme	chitosan	933:940	arg1	2 g kg					919:924	2 g kg(-1)	919:928	2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05)	919:980	Leukocyte increased in fish fed diet containing 2 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05).
26780636	1	64	theme	intestinal	309:318	arg1	histology					320:328	intestinal histology	309:328	intestinal histology	309:328	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	65	theme	Kamenskii	158:166	arg1	frisii					145:150	Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901	137:172	frisii	145:150	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	65	theme	Kamenskii	158:166	arg1	fingerlings					175:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	66	theme	frisii	400:405	arg1	Kamenskii					414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	66	theme	frisii	400:405	arg1	kutum					407:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	67	theme	rate	833:836	arg1	terms					808:812	terms	808:812	terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05)	808:868	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	6	68	theme	body	1155:1158	arg1	composition					1160:1170	the whole-fish body composition	1140:1170	the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05)	1140:1181	Also, the chitosan supplementation did not affect the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05).
26780636	6	68	theme	body	1155:1158	arg1	P > 0.05					1173:1180	P > 0.05	1173:1180	P > 0.05	1173:1180	Also, the chitosan supplementation did not affect the whole-fish body composition (P > 0.05).
26780636	1	69	dep	kutum	385:389	arg1	Kamenskii					414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	Kamenskii	414:422	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	1	69	dep	kutum	385:389	arg1	kutum					407:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	Rutilus frisii kutum	392:411	This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology, stress resistance and body composition in the Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	70	theme	kutum	152:156	arg1	frisii					145:150	Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901	137:172	frisii	145:150	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	0	70	theme	kutum	152:156	arg1	fingerlings					175:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings	122:185	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	71	from	differences	774:784	arg1	terms					808:812	terms	808:812	terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05)	808:868	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	8	72	theme	survival	1463:1470	arg1	rate					1472:1475	highest survival rate	1455:1475	highest survival rate (70 %)	1455:1482	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	8	72	theme	survival	1463:1470	arg1	%					1481:1481	70 %	1478:1481	70 %	1478:1481	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	8	73	theme	thermal	1493:1499	arg1	stress					1501:1506	34 °C thermal stress	1487:1506	34 °C thermal stress	1487:1506	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	2	74	contain	containing	479:488	arg2	chitosan					490:497	chitosan	490:497	chitosan	490:497	Fish (1.7 ± 0.15 g) were fed diets containing chitosan at different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet) for a period of 60 days.
26780636	2	74	contain	containing	479:488	arg1	diets					473:477	diets	473:477	diets containing chitosan at different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet)	473:555	Fish (1.7 ± 0.15 g) were fed diets containing chitosan at different levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg(-1) diet) for a period of 60 days.
26780636	8	75	theme	highest	1455:1461	arg1	rate					1472:1475	highest survival rate	1455:1475	highest survival rate (70 %)	1455:1482	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	8	75	theme	highest	1455:1461	arg1	%					1481:1481	70 %	1478:1481	70 %	1478:1481	While 11 and 13 ‰ salinity and 30 °C thermal stress had no effect, 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan (P < 0.05) showed highest survival rate (70 %) in 34 °C thermal stress.
26780636	0	76	theme	hematological	50:62	arg1	parameters					64:73	hematological parameters	50:73	hematological parameters	50:73	Effect of dietary chitosan on growth performance, hematological parameters, intestinal histology and stress resistance of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901) fingerlings.
26780636	3	77	theme	factor	852:857	arg1	terms					808:812	terms	808:812	terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05)	808:868	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	78	theme	chitosan	694:701	arg1	1 g kg					680:685	1 g kg	680:685	1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05)	680:741	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
26780636	3	78	theme	chitosan	694:701	arg1	-1					687:688	-1	687:688	-1	687:688	Results showed that the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased in fish fed diet containing 1 g kg(-1) of chitosan compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between treatments in terms of specific growth rate and condition factor (P > 0.05).
28013011	0	0	theme	nano-ZnO/Chitosan	69:85	arg1	beads					97:101	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	69:101	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	69:101	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
28013011	3	1	from	polymerization	400:413	arg1	presence					422:429	the presence	418:429	the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan	418:454	And then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads were prepared by polymerization in the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan.
28013011	6	2	theme	optimum	703:709	arg1	conditions					711:720	optimum conditions	703:720	optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g	703:764	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	4	3	theme	beads	487:491	arg1	Characterization					457:472	Characterization	457:472	Characterization of composite beads	457:491	Characterization of composite beads were conducted using SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA and XRD.
28013011	1	4	theme	aqueous	217:223	arg1	solution					225:232	aqueous solution	217:232	aqueous solution	217:232	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	7	5	theme	adsorption	837:846	arg1	models					848:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants.
28013011	10	6	theme	enthalpy	1156:1163	arg1	32.7kJ/mol					1173:1182	32.7kJ/mol	1173:1182	32.7kJ/mol	1173:1182	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process.
28013011	10	6	theme	enthalpy	1156:1163	arg1	change					1165:1170	the enthalpy change	1152:1170	the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol)	1152:1183	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process.
28013011	8	7	theme	Langmuir	953:960	arg1	isotherm					962:969	Langmuir isotherm	953:969	Langmuir isotherm	953:969	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	9	8	theme	adsorption	1118:1127	arg1	entropy					1107:1113	entropy	1107:1113	entropy	1107:1113	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	9	8	theme	adsorption	1118:1127	arg1	enthalpy					1094:1101	enthalpy	1094:1101	enthalpy	1094:1101	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	9	8	theme	adsorption	1118:1127	arg1	energy					1086:1091	free energy	1081:1091	free energy	1081:1091	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	3	9	theme	nano-ZnO/Chitosan	349:365	arg1	beads					377:381	then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	344:381	then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	344:381	And then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads were prepared by polymerization in the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan.
28013011	0	10	from	solution	41:48	arg1	removal					13:19	An efficient removal	0:19	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	0:101	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
28013011	5	11	theme	RB	599:600	arg1	removal					588:594	the removal	584:594	the removal of RB 5	584:602	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments.
28013011	11	12	theme	aqueous	1369:1375	arg1	media					1377:1381	aqueous media	1369:1381	aqueous media	1369:1381	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	4	13	theme	composite	477:485	arg1	beads					487:491	composite beads	477:491	composite beads	477:491	Characterization of composite beads were conducted using SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA and XRD.
28013011	6	14	theme	removal	771:777	arg1	efficiency					779:788	dye removal efficiency	767:788	dye removal efficiency	767:788	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	2	15	theme	ZnO	252:254	arg1	nanoparticles					256:268	ZnO nanoparticles	252:268	ZnO nanoparticles	252:268	ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by the via the microwave-assisted combustion technique.
28013011	7	16	theme	Temkin	830:835	arg1	models					848:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants.
28013011	3	17	theme	nano-ZnO	434:441	arg1	presence					422:429	the presence	418:429	the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan	418:454	And then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads were prepared by polymerization in the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan.
28013011	11	18	theme	dyes	1359:1362	arg1	removal					1348:1354	removal	1348:1354	removal of dyes from aqueous media	1348:1381	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	10	19	theme	change	1165:1170	arg1	value					1143:1147	The positive value	1130:1147	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol)	1130:1183	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process.
28013011	5	20	theme	important	551:559	arg1	parameters					561:570	Several important parameters	543:570	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature	543:643	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments.
28013011	10	21	theme	endothermic	1221:1231	arg1	process					1233:1239	an endothermic process	1218:1239	an endothermic process	1218:1239	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process.
28013011	10	21	theme	endothermic	1221:1231	arg1	adsorption					1204:1213	the adsorption	1200:1213	the adsorption	1200:1213	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process.
28013011	0	22	theme	efficient	3:11	arg1	removal					13:19	An efficient removal	0:19	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	0:101	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
28013011	5	23	theme	contact	612:618	arg1	time					620:623	contact time	612:623	contact time	612:623	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments.
28013011	7	24	theme	Freundlich	815:824	arg1	models					848:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants.
28013011	1	25	theme	RB-5	152:155	arg1	removal					123:129	the removal	119:129	the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution	119:232	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	8	26	theme	adsorption	925:934	arg1	189.44mg/g					992:1001	189.44mg/g	992:1001	189.44mg/g	992:1001	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	8	26	theme	adsorption	925:934	arg1	qm					946:947	qm	946:947	qm	946:947	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	8	26	theme	adsorption	925:934	arg1	capacity					936:943	The maximum adsorption capacity	913:943	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm	913:969	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	11	27	theme	obtained	1246:1253	arg1	results					1255:1261	The obtained results	1242:1261	The obtained results	1242:1261	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	6	28	theme	0.2g	761:764	arg1	pH					725:726	pH 4	725:728	pH 4	725:728	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	6	28	theme	0.2g	761:764	arg1	concentration					744:756	adsorbent concentration	734:756	adsorbent concentration of 0.2g	734:764	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	9	29	theme	thermodynamic	1048:1060	arg1	parameters					1062:1071	the thermodynamic parameters	1044:1071	the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption	1044:1127	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	9	29	theme	thermodynamic	1048:1060	arg1	enthalpy					1094:1101	enthalpy	1094:1101	enthalpy	1094:1101	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	9	29	theme	thermodynamic	1048:1060	arg1	energy					1086:1091	free energy	1081:1091	free energy	1081:1091	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	9	29	theme	thermodynamic	1048:1060	arg1	entropy					1107:1113	entropy	1107:1113	entropy	1107:1113	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	3	30	theme	composite	367:375	arg1	beads					377:381	then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	344:381	then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	344:381	And then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads were prepared by polymerization in the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan.
28013011	6	31	theme	pH	725:726	arg1	conditions					711:720	optimum conditions	703:720	optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g	703:764	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	5	32	theme	batch	681:685	arg1	experiments					687:697	batch experiments	681:697	batch experiments	681:697	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments.
28013011	7	33	theme	Langmuir	805:812	arg1	models					848:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants.
28013011	1	34	theme	nano-ZnO/Chitosan	161:177	arg1	nano-ZnO/CT-CB					196:209	nano-ZnO/CT-CB	196:209	nano-ZnO/CT-CB	196:209	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	1	34	theme	nano-ZnO/Chitosan	161:177	arg1	beads					189:193	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	161:193	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB)	161:210	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	1	35	theme	composite	179:187	arg1	nano-ZnO/CT-CB					196:209	nano-ZnO/CT-CB	196:209	nano-ZnO/CT-CB	196:209	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	1	35	theme	composite	179:187	arg1	beads					189:193	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	161:193	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB)	161:210	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	3	36	theme	chitosan	447:454	arg1	presence					422:429	the presence	418:429	the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan	418:454	And then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads were prepared by polymerization in the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan.
28013011	0	37	theme	RB5	24:26	arg1	removal					13:19	An efficient removal	0:19	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	0:101	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
28013011	1	38	from	solution	225:232	arg1	removal					123:129	the removal	119:129	the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution	119:232	In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated.
28013011	6	39	theme	concentration	744:756	arg1	conditions					711:720	optimum conditions	703:720	optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g	703:764	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	9	40	used	used	1029:1032	arg2	Isotherms					1004:1012	Isotherms	1004:1012	Isotherms	1004:1012	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	6	41	theme	adsorbent	734:742	arg1	concentration					744:756	adsorbent concentration	734:756	adsorbent concentration of 0.2g	734:764	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	0	42	theme	aqueous	33:39	arg1	solution					41:48	aqueous solution	33:48	aqueous solution	33:48	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
28013011	11	43	dep	efficient	1301:1309	arg1	efficient					1301:1309	efficient	1301:1309	efficient	1301:1309	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	11	43	dep	efficient	1301:1309	arg1	low-cost					1325:1332	low-cost	1325:1332	low-cost	1325:1332	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	11	43	dep	efficient	1301:1309	arg1	adsorbents					1286:1295	the tested adsorbents	1275:1295	the tested adsorbents	1275:1295	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	2	44	theme	combustion	318:327	arg1	technique					329:337	the microwave-assisted combustion technique	295:337	the microwave-assisted combustion technique	295:337	ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by the via the microwave-assisted combustion technique.
28013011	7	45	theme	adsorption	877:886	arg1	isotherms					888:896	adsorption isotherms	877:896	adsorption isotherms	877:896	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants.
28013011	6	46	theme	dye	767:769	arg1	efficiency					779:788	dye removal efficiency	767:788	dye removal efficiency	767:788	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	11	47	from	media	1377:1381	arg1	dyes					1359:1362	dyes	1359:1362	dyes from aqueous media	1359:1381	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	11	47	from	media	1377:1381	arg1	removal					1348:1354	removal	1348:1354	removal of dyes from aqueous media	1348:1381	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	5	48	theme	Several	543:549	arg1	parameters					561:570	Several important parameters	543:570	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature	543:643	Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments.
28013011	2	49	theme	microwave-assisted	299:316	arg1	technique					329:337	the microwave-assisted combustion technique	295:337	the microwave-assisted combustion technique	295:337	ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by the via the microwave-assisted combustion technique.
28013011	9	50	theme	free	1081:1084	arg1	energy					1086:1091	free energy	1081:1091	free energy	1081:1091	Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption.
28013011	6	51	located	found	794:798	arg2	efficiency					779:788	dye removal efficiency	767:788	dye removal efficiency	767:788	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	6	51	located	found	794:798	arg1	conditions					711:720	optimum conditions	703:720	optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g	703:764	At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%.
28013011	10	52	theme	positive	1134:1141	arg1	value					1143:1147	The positive value	1130:1147	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol)	1130:1183	The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process.
28013011	11	53	from	removal	1348:1354	arg1	media					1377:1381	aqueous media	1369:1381	aqueous media	1369:1381	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	8	54	theme	maximum	917:923	arg1	189.44mg/g					992:1001	189.44mg/g	992:1001	189.44mg/g	992:1001	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	8	54	theme	maximum	917:923	arg1	qm					946:947	qm	946:947	qm	946:947	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	8	54	theme	maximum	917:923	arg1	capacity					936:943	The maximum adsorption capacity	913:943	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm	913:969	The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g.
28013011	7	55	used	used	860:863	arg2	models					848:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models	805:853	Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants.
28013011	11	56	theme	tested	1279:1284	arg1	efficient					1301:1309	efficient	1301:1309	efficient	1301:1309	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	11	56	theme	tested	1279:1284	arg1	low-cost					1325:1332	low-cost	1325:1332	low-cost	1325:1332	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	11	56	theme	tested	1279:1284	arg1	adsorbents					1286:1295	the tested adsorbents	1275:1295	the tested adsorbents	1275:1295	The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
28013011	0	57	theme	composite	87:95	arg1	beads					97:101	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	69:101	nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads	69:101	An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
24906162	0	0	theme	leaf	41:44	arg1	compositions					15:26	Carbon isotope compositions	0:26	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose	0:68	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	0	0	theme	leaf	41:44	arg1	C					35:35	δ(13) C	29:35	δ(13) C	29:35	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	6	1	theme	leaf	1052:1055	arg1	N					1057:1057	leaf N	1052:1057	leaf N	1052:1057	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	5	2	theme	higher	903:908	arg1	N-availability					910:923	higher N-availability	903:923	higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland	903:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	1	3	theme	use	198:200	arg1	trait					230:234	a key trait	224:234	a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems	224:285	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
24906162	1	3	theme	use	198:200	arg1	efficiency					178:187	The efficiency	174:187	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass	174:219	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
24906162	3	4	theme	Cholocellulose	541:554	arg1	Values					509:514	Values	509:514	Values of δ(13) Cwood and δ(13) Cholocellulose	509:554	Values of δ(13) Cwood and δ(13) Cholocellulose were tightly and positively correlated, but the offset varied significantly among genotypes (0.79-1.01‰).
24906162	5	5	theme	C.	863:864	arg1	Trees					866:870	δ(13) C. Trees	857:870	δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland	857:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	0	6	theme	wood	47:50	arg1	compositions					15:26	Carbon isotope compositions	0:26	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose	0:68	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	0	6	theme	wood	47:50	arg1	C					35:35	δ(13) C	29:35	δ(13) C	29:35	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	2	7	theme	short-rotation	482:495	arg1	plantation					497:506	a short-rotation plantation	480:506	a short-rotation plantation	480:506	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	7	8	from	C	1247:1247	arg1	compartments					1271:1282	the different tree compartments	1252:1282	the different tree compartments	1252:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	8	9	from	growth	1356:1361	arg1	plantations					1373:1383	poplar plantations	1366:1383	poplar plantations	1366:1383	Because WUE remains largely uncoupled from growth in poplar plantations, there is potential to identify genotypes with satisfactory growth and higher WUE.
24906162	5	10	theme	former	984:989	arg1	cropland					991:998	former cropland	984:998	former cropland	984:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	2	11	theme	use	429:431	arg1	WUE					445:447	WUE	445:447	WUE	445:447	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	11	theme	use	429:431	arg1	efficiency					433:442	water use efficiency	423:442	water use efficiency	423:442	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	5	12	theme	former	883:888	arg1	pasture					890:896	former pasture	883:896	former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland	883:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	7	13	theme	coherent	1201:1208	arg1	ranking					1219:1225	The very coherent genotype ranking	1192:1225	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments	1192:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	2	14	from	genotypes	467:475	arg1	plantation					497:506	a short-rotation plantation	480:506	a short-rotation plantation	480:506	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	15	theme	water	423:427	arg1	WUE					445:447	WUE	445:447	WUE	445:447	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	15	theme	water	423:427	arg1	efficiency					433:442	water use efficiency	423:442	water use efficiency	423:442	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	0	16	theme	biomass	154:160	arg1	plantation					162:171	a short-rotation biomass plantation	137:171	a short-rotation biomass plantation	137:171	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	5	17	theme	related	799:805	arg1	traits					792:797	traits	792:797	traits related to growth and carbon uptake	792:833	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	8	18	theme	higher	1456:1461	arg1	WUE					1463:1465	higher WUE	1456:1465	higher WUE	1456:1465	Because WUE remains largely uncoupled from growth in poplar plantations, there is potential to identify genotypes with satisfactory growth and higher WUE.
24906162	7	19	theme	genotype	1210:1217	arg1	ranking					1219:1225	The very coherent genotype ranking	1192:1225	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments	1192:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	0	20	theme	short-rotation	139:152	arg1	plantation					162:171	a short-rotation biomass plantation	137:171	a short-rotation biomass plantation	137:171	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	2	21	theme	leaves	363:368	arg1	composition					338:348	the carbon isotope composition	319:348	the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves	319:368	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	21	theme	leaves	363:368	arg1	C					357:357	δ(13) C	351:357	δ(13) C	351:357	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	0	22	theme	holocellulose	56:68	arg1	compositions					15:26	Carbon isotope compositions	0:26	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose	0:68	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	0	22	theme	holocellulose	56:68	arg1	C					35:35	δ(13) C	29:35	δ(13) C	29:35	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	0	23	theme	isotope	7:13	arg1	compositions					15:26	Carbon isotope compositions	0:26	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose	0:68	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	0	23	theme	isotope	7:13	arg1	C					35:35	δ(13) C	29:35	δ(13) C	29:35	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	5	24	attach	linked	847:852	arg1	Trees					866:870	δ(13) C. Trees	857:870	δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland	857:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	5	24	attach	linked	847:852	arg2	traits					792:797	traits	792:797	traits related to growth and carbon uptake	792:833	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	5	24	attach	linked	847:852	arg3	contrast					782:789	contrast	782:789	contrast	782:789	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	6	25	theme	δ	1036:1036	arg1	Cleaf					1042:1046	δ(13) Cleaf	1036:1046	δ(13) Cleaf	1036:1046	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	2	26	from	variations	305:314	arg1	composition					338:348	the carbon isotope composition	319:348	the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves	319:368	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	26	from	variations	305:314	arg1	C					357:357	δ(13) C	351:357	δ(13) C	351:357	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	0	27	theme	Carbon	0:5	arg1	compositions					15:26	Carbon isotope compositions	0:26	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose	0:68	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	0	27	theme	Carbon	0:5	arg1	C					35:35	δ(13) C	29:35	δ(13) C	29:35	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	5	28	dep	higher	935:940	arg1	C					948:948	δ(13) C	942:948	δ(13) C	942:948	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	2	29	theme	isotope	330:336	arg1	composition					338:348	the carbon isotope composition	319:348	the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves	319:368	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	29	theme	isotope	330:336	arg1	C					357:357	δ(13) C	351:357	δ(13) C	351:357	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	6	30	from	variations	1082:1091	arg1	WUE					1096:1098	WUE	1096:1098	WUE over the plantation	1096:1118	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	8	31	with	genotypes	1417:1425	arg1	growth					1445:1450	satisfactory growth	1432:1450	satisfactory growth	1432:1450	Because WUE remains largely uncoupled from growth in poplar plantations, there is potential to identify genotypes with satisfactory growth and higher WUE.
24906162	8	31	with	genotypes	1417:1425	arg1	WUE					1463:1465	higher WUE	1456:1465	higher WUE	1456:1465	Because WUE remains largely uncoupled from growth in poplar plantations, there is potential to identify genotypes with satisfactory growth and higher WUE.
24906162	1	32	theme	key	226:228	arg1	trait					230:234	a key trait	224:234	a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems	224:285	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
24906162	1	32	theme	key	226:228	arg1	efficiency					178:187	The efficiency	174:187	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass	174:219	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
24906162	3	33	theme	Cwood	525:529	arg1	Values					509:514	Values	509:514	Values of δ(13) Cwood and δ(13) Cholocellulose	509:554	Values of δ(13) Cwood and δ(13) Cholocellulose were tightly and positively correlated, but the offset varied significantly among genotypes (0.79-1.01‰).
24906162	0	34	from	land	124:127	arg1	plantation					162:171	a short-rotation biomass plantation	137:171	a short-rotation biomass plantation	137:171	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	4	35	theme	higher	767:772	arg1	WUE					774:776	a higher WUE	765:776	a higher WUE	765:776	Leaf phenology was strongly correlated with δ(13) C, and genotypes with a longer growing season showed a higher WUE.
24906162	6	36	theme	photosynthetic	1165:1178	arg1	capacities					1180:1189	photosynthetic capacities	1165:1189	photosynthetic capacities	1165:1189	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	7	37	theme	δ	1241:1241	arg1	C					1247:1247	δ(13) C	1241:1247	δ(13) C in the different tree compartments	1241:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	7	38	theme	tree	1266:1269	arg1	compartments					1271:1282	the different tree compartments	1252:1282	the different tree compartments	1252:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	6	39	theme	positive	1005:1012	arg1	relationships					1014:1026	The positive relationships	1001:1026	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N	1001:1057	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	0	40	dep	land	124:127	arg1	uses					129:132	uses	129:132	uses	129:132	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	2	41	theme	year	379:382	arg1	wood					384:387	current year wood	371:387	current year wood	371:387	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	41	theme	year	379:382	arg1	variations					305:314	variations	305:314	variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves	305:368	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	0	42	from	plantation	162:171	arg1	land					124:127	land	124:127	land	124:127	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	6	43	theme	spatial	1074:1080	arg1	variations					1082:1091	spatial variations	1074:1091	spatial variations in WUE over the plantation	1074:1118	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	4	44	theme	growing	743:749	arg1	season					751:756	a longer growing season	734:756	a longer growing season	734:756	Leaf phenology was strongly correlated with δ(13) C, and genotypes with a longer growing season showed a higher WUE.
24906162	2	45	theme	current	371:377	arg1	wood					384:387	current year wood	371:387	current year wood	371:387	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	45	theme	current	371:377	arg1	variations					305:314	variations	305:314	variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves	305:368	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	1	46	theme	sustainable	249:259	arg1	systems					279:285	sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems	249:285	sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems	249:285	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
24906162	0	47	theme	poplar	96:101	arg1	genotypes					83:91	genotypes	83:91	genotypes of poplar	83:101	Carbon isotope compositions (δ(13) C) of leaf, wood and holocellulose differ among genotypes of poplar and between previous land uses in a short-rotation biomass plantation.
24906162	5	48	theme	δ	857:857	arg1	Trees					866:870	δ(13) C. Trees	857:870	δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland	857:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	7	49	theme	different	1256:1264	arg1	compartments					1271:1282	the different tree compartments	1252:1282	the different tree compartments	1252:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	4	50	with	genotypes	719:727	arg1	season					751:756	a longer growing season	734:756	a longer growing season	734:756	Leaf phenology was strongly correlated with δ(13) C, and genotypes with a longer growing season showed a higher WUE.
24906162	1	51	theme	bioenergy-devoted	261:277	arg1	systems					279:285	sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems	249:285	sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems	249:285	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
24906162	2	52	theme	poplar	460:465	arg1	genotypes					467:475	six poplar genotypes	456:475	six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation	456:506	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	6	53	from	effect	1155:1160	arg1	capacities					1180:1189	photosynthetic capacities	1165:1189	photosynthetic capacities	1165:1189	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	3	54	theme	δ	519:519	arg1	Cwood					525:529	δ(13) Cwood	519:529	δ(13) Cwood	519:529	Values of δ(13) Cwood and δ(13) Cholocellulose were tightly and positively correlated, but the offset varied significantly among genotypes (0.79-1.01‰).
24906162	3	55	theme	δ	535:535	arg1	Cholocellulose					541:554	δ(13) Cholocellulose	535:554	δ(13) Cholocellulose	535:554	Values of δ(13) Cwood and δ(13) Cholocellulose were tightly and positively correlated, but the offset varied significantly among genotypes (0.79-1.01‰).
24906162	6	56	theme	N-related	1145:1153	arg1	effect					1155:1160	an N-related effect	1142:1160	an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities	1142:1189	The positive relationships between δ(13) Cleaf and leaf N suggested that spatial variations in WUE over the plantation were mainly driven by an N-related effect on photosynthetic capacities.
24906162	7	57	contain	has	1284:1286	arg1	ranking					1219:1225	The very coherent genotype ranking	1192:1225	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments	1192:1282	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	7	57	contain	has	1284:1286	arg2	outreach					1303:1310	some practical outreach	1288:1310	some practical outreach	1288:1310	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	5	58	theme	carbon	821:826	arg1	uptake					828:833	carbon uptake	821:833	carbon uptake	821:833	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	2	59	theme	carbon	323:328	arg1	composition					338:348	the carbon isotope composition	319:348	the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves	319:368	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	2	59	theme	carbon	323:328	arg1	C					357:357	δ(13) C	351:357	δ(13) C	351:357	We characterized variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ(13) C) of leaves, current year wood and holocellulose (as proxies for water use efficiency, WUE) among six poplar genotypes in a short-rotation plantation.
24906162	5	60	with	pasture	890:896	arg1	N-availability					910:923	higher N-availability	903:923	higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland	903:998	In contrast, traits related to growth and carbon uptake were poorly linked to δ(13) C. Trees growing on former pasture with higher N-availability displayed higher δ(13) C as compared with trees growing on former cropland.
24906162	8	61	theme	poplar	1366:1371	arg1	plantations					1373:1383	poplar plantations	1366:1383	poplar plantations	1366:1383	Because WUE remains largely uncoupled from growth in poplar plantations, there is potential to identify genotypes with satisfactory growth and higher WUE.
24906162	7	62	theme	practical	1293:1301	arg1	outreach					1303:1310	some practical outreach	1288:1310	some practical outreach	1288:1310	The very coherent genotype ranking obtained with δ(13) C in the different tree compartments has some practical outreach.
24906162	4	63	theme	Leaf	662:665	arg1	phenology					667:675	Leaf phenology	662:675	Leaf phenology	662:675	Leaf phenology was strongly correlated with δ(13) C, and genotypes with a longer growing season showed a higher WUE.
24906162	8	64	theme	satisfactory	1432:1443	arg1	growth					1445:1450	satisfactory growth	1432:1450	satisfactory growth	1432:1450	Because WUE remains largely uncoupled from growth in poplar plantations, there is potential to identify genotypes with satisfactory growth and higher WUE.
24906162	1	65	theme	water	192:196	arg1	use					198:200	water use	192:200	water use	192:200	The efficiency of water use to produce biomass is a key trait in designing sustainable bioenergy-devoted systems.
28107723	9	0	theme	excellent	979:987	arg1	reusability					989:999	The excellent reusability	975:999	The excellent reusability	975:999	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	8	1	theme	significant	909:919	arg1	influence					921:929	no significant influence	906:929	no significant influence	906:929	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	6	2	from	processes	682:690	arg1	CSTEC					721:725	the CSTEC	717:725	the CSTEC	717:725	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	4	3	theme	Cu2+	458:461	arg1	ions					472:475	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	458:475	ions	472:475	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	6	4	theme	kinetics	753:760	arg1	model					762:766	the second-order kinetics model	736:766	the second-order kinetics model	736:766	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	0	5	theme	lead	61:64	arg1	removal					35:41	the removal	31:41	the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution	31:90	Novel recyclable adsorbent for the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution.
28107723	4	6	from	adsorption	444:453	arg1	water					482:486	water	482:486	water in this study	482:500	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	6	7	theme	second-order	740:751	arg1	model					762:766	the second-order kinetics model	736:766	the second-order kinetics model	736:766	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	2	8	theme	low-cost	229:236	arg1	adsorbents					238:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents have received more and more attention.
28107723	4	9	theme	fibrous	418:424	arg1	adsorbent					375:383	adsorbent	375:383	adsorbent	375:383	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	4	9	theme	fibrous	418:424	arg1	materials					426:434	novel fibrous materials	412:434	novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study	412:500	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	5	10	theme	surface	561:567	arg1	appearance					569:578	the surface appearance	557:578	the surface appearance	557:578	The functional fiber was characterized to investigate the surface appearance, functional groups, crystallinity, and thermal stability.
28107723	9	11	theme	metal	1078:1082	arg1	pollution					1084:1092	toxic metal pollution	1072:1092	toxic metal pollution	1072:1092	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	3	12	from	biopolymers	333:343	arg1	nature					348:353	nature	348:353	nature	348:353	Chitosan and cellulose are the most abundant biopolymers in nature.
28107723	9	13	theme	pollution	1084:1092	arg1	treatment					1059:1067	the treatment	1055:1067	the treatment of toxic metal pollution	1055:1092	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	0	14	from	solution	83:90	arg1	removal					35:41	the removal	31:41	the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution	31:90	Novel recyclable adsorbent for the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution.
28107723	6	15	theme	kinetics	642:649	arg1	study					651:655	The kinetics study	638:655	The kinetics study	638:655	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	8	16	theme	ions	956:959	arg1	removal					938:944	the removal	934:944	the removal of target ions by the CSTEC	934:972	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	5	17	theme	functional	507:516	arg1	fiber					518:522	The functional fiber	503:522	The functional fiber	503:522	The functional fiber was characterized to investigate the surface appearance, functional groups, crystallinity, and thermal stability.
28107723	5	18	theme	functional	581:590	arg1	groups					592:597	functional groups	581:597	functional groups	581:597	The functional fiber was characterized to investigate the surface appearance, functional groups, crystallinity, and thermal stability.
28107723	2	19	theme	more	263:266	arg1	attention					277:285	more and more attention	263:285	more and more attention	263:285	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents have received more and more attention.
28107723	9	20	contain	had	1022:1024	arg2	application					1040:1050	the promising application	1026:1050	the promising application	1026:1050	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	9	20	contain	had	1022:1024	arg1	CSTEC					1016:1020	CSTEC	1016:1020	CSTEC	1016:1020	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	0	21	theme	aqueous	75:81	arg1	solution					83:90	aqueous solution	75:90	aqueous solution	75:90	Novel recyclable adsorbent for the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution.
28107723	7	22	theme	other	847:851	arg1	adsorbents					853:862	other adsorbents	847:862	other adsorbents	847:862	CSTEC showed better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1) than most of other adsorbents.
28107723	7	23	theme	better	782:787	arg1	performance					789:799	better performance	782:799	better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1)	782:832	CSTEC showed better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1) than most of other adsorbents.
28107723	3	24	theme	abundant	324:331	arg1	biopolymers					333:343	the most abundant biopolymers	315:343	the most abundant biopolymers in nature	315:353	Chitosan and cellulose are the most abundant biopolymers in nature.
28107723	3	24	theme	abundant	324:331	arg1	cellulose					301:309	cellulose	301:309	cellulose	301:309	Chitosan and cellulose are the most abundant biopolymers in nature.
28107723	3	24	theme	abundant	324:331	arg1	Chitosan					288:295	Chitosan	288:295	Chitosan	288:295	Chitosan and cellulose are the most abundant biopolymers in nature.
28107723	4	25	from	water	482:486	arg1	study					496:500	this study	491:500	this study	491:500	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	4	25	from	water	482:486	arg1	ions					472:475	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	458:475	ions	472:475	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	4	25	from	water	482:486	arg1	adsorption					444:453	the adsorption	440:453	the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study	440:500	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	4	26	theme	ions	472:475	arg1	adsorption					444:453	the adsorption	440:453	the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study	440:500	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	4	27	theme	novel	412:416	arg1	adsorbent					375:383	adsorbent	375:383	adsorbent	375:383	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	4	27	theme	novel	412:416	arg1	materials					426:434	novel fibrous materials	412:434	novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study	412:500	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	6	28	theme	ions	709:712	arg1	processes					682:690	adsorption processes	671:690	adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC	671:725	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	0	29	theme	copper	46:51	arg1	removal					35:41	the removal	31:41	the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution	31:90	Novel recyclable adsorbent for the removal of copper(II) and lead(II) from aqueous solution.
28107723	4	30	theme	Pb2+	467:470	arg1	ions					472:475	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	458:475	ions	472:475	Composite modified adsorbent (CSTEC) was synthesized as novel fibrous materials for the adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions from water in this study.
28107723	9	31	theme	toxic	1072:1076	arg1	pollution					1084:1092	toxic metal pollution	1072:1092	toxic metal pollution	1072:1092	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	6	32	theme	Pb2+	704:707	arg1	ions					709:712	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	695:712	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	695:712	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	9	33	theme	promising	1030:1038	arg1	application					1040:1050	the promising application	1026:1050	the promising application	1026:1050	The excellent reusability indicated that CSTEC had the promising application in the treatment of toxic metal pollution.
28107723	5	34	theme	thermal	619:625	arg1	stability					627:635	thermal stability	619:635	thermal stability	619:635	The functional fiber was characterized to investigate the surface appearance, functional groups, crystallinity, and thermal stability.
28107723	7	35	dep	Cu2+	802:805	arg1	Pb2+					815:818	Pb2+	815:818	Pb2+	815:818	CSTEC showed better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1) than most of other adsorbents.
28107723	1	36	used	used	149:152	arg2	Adsorbents					93:102	Adsorbents	93:102	Adsorbents synthesized with biopolymer	93:130	Adsorbents synthesized with biopolymer have been widely used in the removal of toxic metal ions.
28107723	2	37	theme	recyclable	213:222	arg1	adsorbents					238:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents have received more and more attention.
28107723	6	38	theme	Cu2+	695:698	arg1	ions					709:712	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	695:712	Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions	695:712	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	8	39	dep	ions	881:884	arg1	Na+					891:893	Na+	891:893	Na+	891:893	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	8	39	dep	ions	881:884	arg1	K+					887:888	K+	887:888	K+	887:888	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	8	39	dep	ions	881:884	arg1	Mg2+					896:899	Mg2+	896:899	Mg2+	896:899	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	1	40	theme	toxic	172:176	arg1	ions					184:187	toxic metal ions	172:187	toxic metal ions	172:187	Adsorbents synthesized with biopolymer have been widely used in the removal of toxic metal ions.
28107723	7	41	dep	performance	789:799	arg1	95.24					808:812	95.24	808:812	95.24	808:812	CSTEC showed better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1) than most of other adsorbents.
28107723	7	41	dep	performance	789:799	arg1	Cu2+					802:805	Cu2+	802:805	Cu2+	802:805	CSTEC showed better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1) than most of other adsorbents.
28107723	7	41	dep	performance	789:799	arg1	144.93mgg-1					821:831	144.93mgg-1	821:831	144.93mgg-1	821:831	CSTEC showed better performance (Cu2+, 95.24; Pb2+, 144.93mgg-1) than most of other adsorbents.
28107723	8	42	theme	co-existing	869:879	arg1	ions					881:884	The co-existing ions	865:884	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+)	865:900	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	2	43	theme	more	272:275	arg1	attention					277:285	more and more attention	263:285	more and more attention	263:285	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents have received more and more attention.
28107723	1	44	theme	metal	178:182	arg1	ions					184:187	toxic metal ions	172:187	toxic metal ions	172:187	Adsorbents synthesized with biopolymer have been widely used in the removal of toxic metal ions.
28107723	8	45	theme	target	949:954	arg1	ions					956:959	target ions	949:959	target ions	949:959	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	2	46	theme	high-efficiency	196:210	arg1	adsorbents					238:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents have received more and more attention.
28107723	1	47	theme	ions	184:187	arg1	removal					161:167	the removal	157:167	the removal of toxic metal ions	157:187	Adsorbents synthesized with biopolymer have been widely used in the removal of toxic metal ions.
28107723	2	48	theme	Novel	190:194	arg1	adsorbents					238:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents	190:247	Novel high-efficiency, recyclable, and low-cost adsorbents have received more and more attention.
28107723	6	49	theme	adsorption	671:680	arg1	processes					682:690	adsorption processes	671:690	adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC	671:725	The kinetics study revealed that adsorption processes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions on the CSTEC followed the second-order kinetics model.
28107723	8	50	contain	had	902:904	arg1	ions					881:884	The co-existing ions	865:884	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+)	865:900	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
28107723	8	50	contain	had	902:904	arg2	influence					921:929	no significant influence	906:929	no significant influence	906:929	The co-existing ions (K+, Na+, Mg2+) had no significant influence on the removal of target ions by the CSTEC.
25708202	6	0	located	observed	1341:1348	arg1	cows					1353:1356	cows	1353:1356	cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage	1353:1401	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	0	located	observed	1341:1348	arg2	18:0					1283:1286	18:0	1283:1286	18:0	1283:1286	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	8	1	theme	high-fibre	1819:1828	arg1	concentrates					1830:1841	high-fibre concentrates	1819:1841	high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate	1819:1883	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	5	2	theme	lower	1020:1024	arg1	emissions					1030:1038	lower CH4 emissions	1020:1038	lower CH4 emissions	1020:1038	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	9	3	theme	starch-to-fibre	2227:2241	arg1	ratio					2243:2247	starch-to-fibre ratio	2227:2247	starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate	2227:2266	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	2	4	theme	ad	529:530	arg1	libitum					532:538	ad libitum	529:538	ad libitum	529:538	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	9	5	theme	increasing	2032:2041	arg1	proportion					2047:2056	the proportion	2043:2056	increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows	2032:2099	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	6	6	theme	18:2	1298:1301	arg1	c12					1306:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	9	7	dep	DM	2192:2193	arg1	a					2190:2190	a	2190:2190	a	2190:2190	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	7	8	theme	Varying	1484:1490	arg1	composition					1496:1506	the composition	1492:1506	Varying the composition of the concentrate	1484:1525	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	2	9	theme	milk	644:647	arg1	composition					649:659	milk composition	644:659	milk composition	644:659	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	9	10	theme	maize	2061:2065	arg1	silage					2067:2072	maize silage	2061:2072	maize silage in the diets of dairy cows	2061:2099	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	2	11	dep	concentrate	555:565	arg1	either					546:551	either	546:551	either	546:551	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	12	theme	milk	118:121	arg1	composition					123:133	milk composition	118:133	milk composition of dairy cows	118:147	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	12	theme	milk	118:121	arg1	emissions					91:99	methane emissions	83:99	methane emissions	83:99	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	1	13	theme	dairy	371:375	arg1	cattle					377:382	dairy cattle	371:382	dairy cattle	371:382	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	2	14	theme	cows	670:673	arg1	production					608:617	CH4 production	604:617	CH4 production	604:617	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	14	theme	cows	670:673	arg1	performance					628:638	performance	628:638	performance	628:638	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	14	theme	cows	670:673	arg1	composition					649:659	milk composition	644:659	milk composition	644:659	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	14	theme	cows	670:673	arg1	intake					620:625	intake	620:625	intake	620:625	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	5	15	theme	silage	933:938	arg1	ration					940:945	the high maize silage ration	918:945	the high maize silage ration	918:945	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	2	16	theme	study	418:422	arg1	objective					400:408	The objective	396:408	The objective of this study	396:422	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	7	17	theme	FAs	1655:1657	arg1	10:0					1660:1663	milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0	1619:1663	10:0	1660:1663	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	0	18	theme	cows	144:147	arg1	performance					102:112	performance	102:112	performance	102:112	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	18	theme	cows	144:147	arg1	composition					123:133	milk composition	118:133	milk composition of dairy cows	118:147	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	18	theme	cows	144:147	arg1	emissions					91:99	methane emissions	83:99	methane emissions	83:99	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	9	19	theme	dairy	2090:2094	arg1	cows					2096:2099	dairy cows	2090:2099	dairy cows	2090:2099	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	6	20	theme	unsaturated	1325:1335	arg1	FA					1337:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	3	21	theme	experimental	729:740	arg1	diets					742:746	the four experimental diets	720:746	the four experimental diets	720:746	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	5	22	theme	ingested	1082:1089	arg1	energy					1097:1102	ingested gross energy	1082:1102	ingested gross energy	1082:1102	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	3	23	theme	cows	690:693	arg1	diets					742:746	the four experimental diets	720:746	the four experimental diets	720:746	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	3	23	theme	cows	690:693	arg1	one					713:715	one	713:715	one	713:715	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	3	23	theme	cows	690:693	arg1	total					678:682	A total	676:682	A total of 20 cows	676:693	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	3	24	dep	one	713:715	arg1	to					710:711	to	710:711	to	710:711	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	6	25	theme	total	1314:1318	arg1	FA					1337:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	7	26	contain	had	1527:1529	arg1	composition					1496:1506	the composition	1492:1506	Varying the composition of the concentrate	1484:1525	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	7	26	contain	had	1527:1529	arg2	effect					1534:1539	no effect	1531:1539	no effect	1531:1539	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	6	27	theme	maize	1390:1394	arg1	silage					1396:1401	maize silage	1390:1401	maize silage	1390:1401	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	5	28	theme	energy	1097:1102	arg1	unit					1074:1077	unit	1074:1077	unit of ingested gross energy	1074:1102	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	6	29	theme	milk	1173:1176	arg1	FA					1202:1203	FA	1202:1203	FA	1202:1203	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	29	theme	milk	1173:1176	arg1	acids					1195:1199	the milk long-chain fatty acids	1169:1199	the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA)	1169:1204	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	5	30	theme	matter	964:969	arg1	intake					971:976	a higher dry matter intake	951:976	a higher dry matter intake (DMI)	951:982	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	30	theme	matter	964:969	arg1	DMI					979:981	DMI	979:981	DMI	979:981	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	3	31	theme	two-by-two	753:762	arg1	design					774:779	a two-by-two factorial design	751:779	a two-by-two factorial design run	751:783	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	2	32	theme	grass-to-maize	461:474	arg1	70					490:491	70	490:491	70	490:491	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	32	theme	grass-to-maize	461:474	arg1	ratio					483:487	grass-to-maize silage ratio	461:487	grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis)	461:518	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	6	33	theme	higher	1456:1461	arg1	ration					1476:1481	the higher grass silage ration	1452:1481	the higher grass silage ration	1452:1481	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	1	34	theme	methane	343:349	arg1	production					357:366	enteric methane (CH4) production	335:366	enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle	335:382	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	7	35	theme	milk	1650:1653	arg1	10:0					1660:1663	milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0	1619:1663	10:0	1660:1663	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	1	36	theme	CH4	352:354	arg1	production					357:366	enteric methane (CH4) production	335:366	enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle	335:382	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	6	37	theme	higher	1370:1375	arg1	inclusion					1377:1385	the higher inclusion	1366:1385	the higher inclusion of maize silage	1366:1401	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	5	38	theme	higher	953:958	arg1	intake					971:976	a higher dry matter intake	951:976	a higher dry matter intake (DMI)	951:982	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	38	theme	higher	953:958	arg1	DMI					979:981	DMI	979:981	DMI	979:981	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	7	39	theme	milk	1619:1622	arg1	concentration					1632:1644	milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0	1619:1663	concentration	1632:1644	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	7	39	theme	milk	1619:1622	arg1	14:1					1666:1669	14:1	1666:1669	14:1	1666:1669	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	3	40	theme	design	774:779	arg1	run					781:783	a two-by-two factorial design run	751:783	a two-by-two factorial design run	751:783	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	1	41	from	proportion	191:200	arg1	diets					234:238	ruminant diets	225:238	ruminant diets	225:238	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	6	42	from	increase	1411:1418	arg1	c15					1435:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	42	from	increase	1411:1418	arg1	18:0					1283:1286	18:0	1283:1286	18:0	1283:1286	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	42	from	increase	1411:1418	arg1	FA					1337:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	42	from	increase	1411:1418	arg1	c12					1306:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	42	from	increase	1411:1418	arg1	c9					1294:1295	18:1 c9	1289:1295	18:1 c9	1289:1295	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	43	theme	c9	1428:1429	arg1	c15					1435:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	5	44	theme	total	1136:1140	arg1	production					1146:1155	total CH4 production	1136:1155	total CH4 production	1136:1155	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	1	45	theme	post-ruminal	262:273	arg1	digestion					275:283	post-ruminal digestion	262:283	post-ruminal digestion	262:283	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	6	46	from	increase	1271:1278	arg1	18:0					1283:1286	18:0	1283:1286	18:0	1283:1286	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	46	from	increase	1271:1278	arg1	c15					1435:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	46	from	increase	1271:1278	arg1	FA					1337:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	46	from	increase	1271:1278	arg1	c12					1306:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	46	from	increase	1271:1278	arg1	c9					1294:1295	18:1 c9	1289:1295	18:1 c9	1289:1295	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	4	47	theme	period	897:902	arg1	days					884:887	the final 7 days	872:887	the final 7 days of each period	872:902	Measurements were conducted during the final 7 days of each period.
25708202	5	48	theme	energy	1002:1007	arg1	output					1009:1014	milk energy output	997:1014	milk energy output	997:1014	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	3	49	theme	Latin	790:794	arg1	square					796:801	a Latin square	788:801	a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days	788:834	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	8	50	theme	fat	1750:1752	arg1	concentration					1754:1766	milk fat concentration	1745:1766	milk fat concentration	1745:1766	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	3	51	from	one	713:715	arg1	run					781:783	a two-by-two factorial design run	751:783	a two-by-two factorial design run	751:783	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	1	52	theme	quantitative	295:306	arg1	evidence					308:315	quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle	295:382	quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle	295:382	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	6	53	dep	treatment	1230:1238	arg1	forage					1223:1228	forage	1223:1228	forage	1223:1228	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	9	54	dep	increased	2101:2109	arg1	whereas					2219:2225	whereas	2219:2225	whereas	2219:2225	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	0	55	theme	concentrate	56:66	arg1	composition					68:78	concentrate composition	56:78	concentrate composition	56:78	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	9	56	contain	had	2268:2270	arg1	ratio					2243:2247	starch-to-fibre ratio	2227:2247	starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate	2227:2266	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	9	56	contain	had	2268:2270	arg2	effect					2279:2284	little effect	2272:2284	little effect	2272:2284	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	6	57	theme	fatty	1189:1193	arg1	FA					1202:1203	FA	1202:1203	FA	1202:1203	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	57	theme	fatty	1189:1193	arg1	acids					1195:1199	the milk long-chain fatty acids	1169:1199	the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA)	1169:1204	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	5	58	theme	milk	985:988	arg1	yield					990:994	milk yield	985:994	milk yield	985:994	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	9	59	theme	DM	2192:2193	arg1	basis					2212:2216	a DM or energy intake basis	2190:2216	a DM or energy intake basis	2190:2216	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	8	60	theme	high-grass	1947:1956	arg1	diet					1965:1968	the high-grass silage diet	1943:1968	the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate	1943:2014	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	6	61	theme	silage	1469:1474	arg1	ration					1476:1481	the higher grass silage ration	1452:1481	the higher grass silage ration	1452:1481	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	1	62	theme	fibre	216:220	arg1	proportion					191:200	the proportion	187:200	the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets	187:238	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	9	63	theme	energy	2198:2203	arg1	intake					2205:2210	energy intake	2198:2210	energy intake	2198:2210	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	1	64	theme	ruminant	225:232	arg1	diets					234:238	ruminant diets	225:238	ruminant diets	225:238	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	8	65	from	cows	1934:1937	arg1	milk					1924:1927	milk	1924:1927	milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate	1924:2014	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	7	66	theme	concentrate	1515:1525	arg1	composition					1496:1506	the composition	1492:1506	Varying the composition of the concentrate	1484:1525	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	8	67	theme	high-grass	1797:1806	arg1	silage					1808:1813	high-grass silage	1797:1813	high-grass silage	1797:1813	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	9	68	from	proportion	2047:2056	arg1	diets					2081:2085	the diets	2077:2085	the diets	2077:2085	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	8	69	theme	high-starch	1992:2002	arg1	concentrate					2004:2014	the high-starch concentrate	1988:2014	the high-starch concentrate	1988:2014	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	5	70	theme	CH4	1026:1028	arg1	emissions					1030:1038	lower CH4 emissions	1020:1038	lower CH4 emissions	1020:1038	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	2	71	theme	dairy	664:668	arg1	cows					670:673	dairy cows	664:673	dairy cows	664:673	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	6	72	theme	18:1	1289:1292	arg1	c9					1294:1295	18:1 c9	1289:1295	18:1 c9	1289:1295	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	8	73	theme	high-starch	1861:1871	arg1	concentrate					1873:1883	the high-starch concentrate	1857:1883	the high-starch concentrate	1857:1883	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	9	74	theme	silage	2067:2072	arg1	proportion					2047:2056	the proportion	2043:2056	increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows	2032:2099	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	6	75	theme	18:3	1423:1426	arg1	c15					1435:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	0	76	theme	dairy	138:142	arg1	cows					144:147	dairy cows	138:147	dairy cows	138:147	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	5	77	theme	maize	927:931	arg1	ration					940:945	the high maize silage ration	918:945	the high maize silage ration	918:945	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	9	78	from	diets	2081:2085	arg1	proportion					2047:2056	the proportion	2043:2056	increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows	2032:2099	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	1	79	theme	starch	205:210	arg1	proportion					191:200	the proportion	187:200	the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets	187:238	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	8	80	theme	FA	1890:1891	arg1	17:0					1893:1896	FA 17:0	1890:1896	FA 17:0	1890:1896	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	9	81	from	ratio	2243:2247	arg1	concentrate					2256:2266	the concentrate	2252:2266	the concentrate	2252:2266	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	9	82	theme	CH4	2304:2306	arg1	production					2308:2317	CH4 production	2304:2317	CH4 production	2304:2317	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	2	83	theme	CH4	604:606	arg1	production					608:617	CH4 production	604:617	CH4 production	604:617	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	9	84	theme	cows	2096:2099	arg1	silage					2067:2072	maize silage	2061:2072	maize silage in the diets of dairy cows	2061:2099	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	6	85	theme	mono	1320:1323	arg1	FA					1337:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	total mono unsaturated FA	1314:1338	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	3	86	theme	diets	742:746	arg1	diets					742:746	the four experimental diets	720:746	the four experimental diets	720:746	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	3	86	theme	diets	742:746	arg1	one					713:715	one	713:715	one	713:715	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	3	86	theme	diets	742:746	arg1	total					678:682	A total	676:682	A total of 20 cows	676:693	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	2	87	theme	DM	510:511	arg1	basis					513:517	30 and 30 : 70 DM basis	495:517	30 and 30 : 70 DM basis	495:517	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	6	88	theme	silage	1396:1401	arg1	inclusion					1377:1385	the higher inclusion	1366:1385	the higher inclusion of maize silage	1366:1401	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	2	89	from	high	576:579	arg1	fibre					594:598	fibre	594:598	fibre	594:598	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	89	from	high	576:579	arg1	starch					584:589	starch	584:589	starch	584:589	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	5	90	theme	gross	1091:1095	arg1	energy					1097:1102	ingested gross energy	1082:1102	ingested gross energy	1082:1102	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	6	91	theme	long-chain	1178:1187	arg1	FA					1202:1203	FA	1202:1203	FA	1202:1203	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	6	91	theme	long-chain	1178:1187	arg1	acids					1195:1199	the milk long-chain fatty acids	1169:1199	the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA)	1169:1204	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	2	92	theme	silage	476:481	arg1	70					490:491	70	490:491	70	490:491	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	92	theme	silage	476:481	arg1	ratio					483:487	grass-to-maize silage ratio	461:487	grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis)	461:518	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	6	93	theme	grass	1463:1467	arg1	ration					1476:1481	the higher grass silage ration	1452:1481	the higher grass silage ration	1452:1481	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	5	94	from	difference	1122:1131	arg1	production					1146:1155	total CH4 production	1136:1155	total CH4 production	1136:1155	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	2	95	from	starch	584:589	arg1	high					576:579	high	576:579	high	576:579	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	95	from	starch	584:589	arg1	concentrate					555:565	either a concentrate	546:565	concentrate	555:565	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	96	theme	methane	83:89	arg1	performance					102:112	performance	102:112	performance	102:112	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	96	theme	methane	83:89	arg1	composition					123:133	milk composition	118:133	milk composition of dairy cows	118:147	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	96	theme	methane	83:89	arg1	emissions					91:99	methane emissions	83:99	methane emissions	83:99	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	1	97	theme	enteric	335:341	arg1	production					357:366	enteric methane (CH4) production	335:366	enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle	335:382	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	6	98	theme	c9	1303:1304	arg1	c12					1306:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	18:2 c9 c12	1298:1308	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	3	99	theme	factorial	764:772	arg1	design					774:779	a two-by-two factorial design	751:779	a two-by-two factorial design run	751:783	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	2	100	from	fibre	594:598	arg1	high					576:579	high	576:579	high	576:579	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	100	from	fibre	594:598	arg1	concentrate					555:565	either a concentrate	546:565	concentrate	555:565	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	5	101	theme	high	922:925	arg1	ration					940:945	the high maize silage ration	918:945	the high maize silage ration	918:945	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	7	102	theme	protein	1624:1630	arg1	concentration					1632:1644	milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0	1619:1663	concentration	1632:1644	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	7	102	theme	protein	1624:1630	arg1	14:1					1666:1669	14:1	1666:1669	14:1	1666:1669	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	2	103	with	ratio	483:487	arg1	high					576:579	high	576:579	high	576:579	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	2	103	with	ratio	483:487	arg1	concentrate					555:565	either a concentrate	546:565	concentrate	555:565	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	9	104	theme	CH4	2147:2149	arg1	production					2151:2160	CH4 production	2147:2160	CH4 production	2147:2160	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	5	105	contain	had	947:949	arg1	Cows					905:908	Cows	905:908	Cows offered the high maize silage ration	905:945	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	105	contain	had	947:949	arg2	intake					971:976	a higher dry matter intake	951:976	a higher dry matter intake (DMI)	951:982	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	105	contain	had	947:949	arg2	yield					990:994	milk yield	985:994	milk yield	985:994	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	105	contain	had	947:949	arg2	DMI					979:981	DMI	979:981	DMI	979:981	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	105	contain	had	947:949	arg2	emissions					1030:1038	lower CH4 emissions	1020:1038	lower CH4 emissions	1020:1038	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	105	contain	had	947:949	arg2	output					1009:1014	milk energy output	997:1014	milk energy output	997:1014	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	6	106	theme	c12	1431:1433	arg1	c15					1435:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	18:3 c9 c12 c15	1423:1437	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	7	107	theme	high-starch	1586:1596	arg1	concentrate					1598:1608	the high-starch concentrate	1582:1608	the high-starch concentrate	1582:1608	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	1	108	from	production	357:366	arg1	cattle					377:382	dairy cattle	371:382	dairy cattle	371:382	It is well-established that altering the proportion of starch and fibre in ruminant diets can alter ruminal and post-ruminal digestion, although quantitative evidence that this reduces enteric methane (CH4) production in dairy cattle is lacking.
25708202	5	109	theme	dry	960:962	arg1	intake					971:976	a higher dry matter intake	951:976	a higher dry matter intake (DMI)	951:982	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	5	109	theme	dry	960:962	arg1	DMI					979:981	DMI	979:981	DMI	979:981	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	8	110	theme	milk	1745:1748	arg1	fat					1750:1752	milk fat	1745:1752	milk fat concentration	1745:1766	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
25708202	3	111	with	square	796:801	arg1	period					813:818	each period	808:818	each period	808:818	A total of 20 cows were allocated to one of the four experimental diets in a two-by-two factorial design run as a Latin square with each period lasting 28 days.
25708202	0	112	theme	grass	17:21	arg1	influence					4:12	The influence	0:12	The influence of grass	0:21	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	5	113	theme	milk	997:1000	arg1	output					1009:1014	milk energy output	997:1014	milk energy output	997:1014	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	2	114	dep	70	490:491	arg1	basis					513:517	30 and 30 : 70 DM basis	495:517	30 and 30 : 70 DM basis	495:517	The objective of this study was to examine the effect of varying grass-to-maize silage ratio (70 : 30 and 30 : 70 DM basis), offered ad libitum, with either a concentrate that was high in starch or fibre, on CH4 production, intake, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	0	115	theme	silage	39:44	arg1	ratio					46:50	silage ratio	39:50	silage ratio	39:50	The influence of grass silage-to-maize silage ratio and concentrate composition on methane emissions, performance and milk composition of dairy cows.
25708202	6	116	theme	acids	1195:1199	arg1	Several					1158:1164	Several	1158:1164	Several	1158:1164	Several of the milk long-chain fatty acids (FA) were affected by forage treatment with the most notable being an increase in 18:0, 18:1 c9, 18:2 c9 c12 and total mono unsaturated FA, observed in cows offered the higher inclusion of maize silage, and an increase in 18:3 c9 c12 c15 when offered the higher grass silage ration.
25708202	9	117	theme	little	2272:2277	arg1	effect					2279:2284	little effect	2272:2284	little effect	2272:2284	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	7	118	theme	milk	1551:1554	arg1	production					1556:1565	milk production	1551:1565	milk production	1551:1565	Varying the composition of the concentrate had no effect on DMI or milk production; however, when the high-starch concentrate was fed, milk protein concentration and milk FAs, 10:0, 14:1, 15:0, 16:1, increased and 18:0 decreased.
25708202	4	119	theme	final	876:880	arg1	days					884:887	the final 7 days	872:887	the final 7 days of each period	872:902	Measurements were conducted during the final 7 days of each period.
25708202	9	120	from	silage	2067:2072	arg1	diets					2081:2085	the diets	2077:2085	the diets	2077:2085	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	5	121	theme	CH4	1142:1144	arg1	production					1146:1155	total CH4 production	1136:1155	total CH4 production	1136:1155	Cows offered the high maize silage ration had a higher dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield, milk energy output and lower CH4 emissions when expressed per kg DMI and per unit of ingested gross energy, but there was no difference in total CH4 production.
25708202	9	122	theme	intake	2205:2210	arg1	basis					2212:2216	a DM or energy intake basis	2190:2216	a DM or energy intake basis	2190:2216	In conclusion, increasing the proportion of maize silage in the diets of dairy cows increased intake and performance, and reduced CH4 production, but only when expressed on a DM or energy intake basis, whereas starch-to-fibre ratio in the concentrate had little effect on performance or CH4 production.
25708202	8	123	theme	silage	1958:1963	arg1	diet					1965:1968	the high-grass silage diet	1943:1968	the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate	1943:2014	Interactions were observed for milk fat concentration, being lower in cows offered high-grass silage and high-fibre concentrates compared with the high-starch concentrate, and FA 17:0, which was the highest in milk from cows fed the high-grass silage diet supplemented with the high-starch concentrate.
29216511	0	0	theme	immobilization	92:105	arg1	factory					107:113	a potential enzyme immobilization factory	73:113	a potential enzyme immobilization factory	73:113	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	14	1	theme	current	1708:1714	arg1	study					1716:1720	the current study	1704:1720	the current study	1704:1720	Based on these findings, the current study proposes green and natural biopolymers matrix as support for the enzyme immobilization for industrial applications.
29216511	0	2	theme	enzyme	85:90	arg1	factory					107:113	a potential enzyme immobilization factory	73:113	a potential enzyme immobilization factory	73:113	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	3	3	from	study	426:430	arg1	work					318:321	this work	313:321	this work	313:321	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	6	4	theme	partial	780:786	arg1	purification					788:799	the partial purification	776:799	the partial purification	776:799	After the partial purification, the exopolysaccharidewas identified as a levan with a non-Newtonian behavior.
29216511	7	5	theme	fluorescence	1029:1040	arg1	technique					1042:1050	a fluorescence technique	1027:1050	a fluorescence technique	1027:1050	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	9	6	dep	hydrophilic	1174:1184	arg1	supports					1186:1193	supports	1186:1193	supports	1186:1193	Mcn4 biofilms were developed on different surfaces, being the most stable those developed on hydrophilic supports.
29216511	3	7	theme	green	362:366	arg1	biocatalysts					380:391	green immobilized biocatalysts	362:391	green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm	362:408	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	12	8	theme	residual	1434:1441	arg1	activity					1450:1457	a residual lipase activity	1432:1457	a residual lipase activity	1432:1457	These were used as biocatalysts, whose reuse showed a residual lipase activity after more than one cycle of catalysis.
29216511	2	9	theme	biocatalyst	297:307	arg1	costs					284:288	the costs	280:288	the costs of the biocatalyst	280:307	However, these systems have some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst.
29216511	3	10	theme	immobilized	368:378	arg1	biocatalysts					380:391	green immobilized biocatalysts	362:391	green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm	362:408	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	13	11	theme	main	1553:1556	arg1	components					1503:1512	The components	1499:1512	The components identified in the biofilm	1499:1538	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	13	11	theme	main	1553:1556	arg1	contributors					1558:1569	the main contributors	1549:1569	the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material	1549:1620	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	6	12	theme	non-Newtonian	856:868	arg1	behavior					870:877	a non-Newtonian behavior	854:877	a non-Newtonian behavior	854:877	After the partial purification, the exopolysaccharidewas identified as a levan with a non-Newtonian behavior.
29216511	5	13	theme	G	614:614	arg1	viscosity					603:611	viscosity	603:611	viscosity (G")	603:616	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	13	theme	G	614:614	arg1	"					615:615	G"	614:615	G"	614:615	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	13	14	theme	rheological	1578:1588	arg1	characteristic					1590:1603	the rheological characteristic	1574:1603	the rheological characteristic of this material	1574:1620	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	1	15	theme	enzymes	179:185	arg1	use					172:174	the use	168:174	the use of enzymes to perform complex transformations	168:220	Biocatalysis for industrial application is based on the use of enzymes to perform complex transformations.
29216511	0	16	theme	biofilm	62:68	arg1	Architecture					0:11	Architecture	0:11	Architecture	0:11	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	0	16	theme	biofilm	62:68	arg1	characterization					33:48	physicochemical characterization	17:48	physicochemical characterization	17:48	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	7	17	with	DNA	894:896	arg1	fragments					903:911	fragments	903:911	fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp	903:937	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	3	18	from	sp	489:490	arg1	behavior					451:458	the rheological behavior	435:458	the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp	435:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	3	18	from	sp	489:490	arg1	biofilm					467:473	the biofilm	463:473	the biofilm from Bacillus sp	463:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	13	19	theme	characteristic	1590:1603	arg1	components					1503:1512	The components	1499:1512	The components identified in the biofilm	1499:1538	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	13	19	theme	characteristic	1590:1603	arg1	contributors					1558:1569	the main contributors	1549:1569	the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material	1549:1620	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	10	20	theme	lipases	1271:1277	arg1	presence					1246:1253	the presence	1242:1253	the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm	1242:1304	The biofilm showed lipase activity suggesting the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm.
29216511	5	21	theme	recognized	722:731	arg1	components					699:708	appreciable elastic components	679:708	appreciable elastic components	679:708	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	21	theme	recognized	722:731	arg1	property					733:740	a recognized property	720:740	a recognized property for enzymes immobilization	720:767	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	13	22	theme	lipase	1664:1669	arg1	enzyme					1671:1676	the lipase enzyme	1660:1676	the lipase enzyme	1660:1676	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	0	23	theme	potential	75:83	arg1	factory					107:113	a potential enzyme immobilization factory	73:113	a potential enzyme immobilization factory	73:113	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	10	24	theme	constitutive	1258:1269	arg1	lipases					1271:1277	constitutive lipases	1258:1277	constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm	1258:1304	The biofilm showed lipase activity suggesting the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm.
29216511	6	25	with	levan	843:847	arg1	behavior					870:877	a non-Newtonian behavior	854:877	a non-Newtonian behavior	854:877	After the partial purification, the exopolysaccharidewas identified as a levan with a non-Newtonian behavior.
29216511	12	26	theme	lipase	1443:1448	arg1	activity					1450:1457	a residual lipase activity	1432:1457	a residual lipase activity	1432:1457	These were used as biocatalysts, whose reuse showed a residual lipase activity after more than one cycle of catalysis.
29216511	14	27	theme	enzyme	1787:1792	arg1	immobilization					1794:1807	the enzyme immobilization	1783:1807	the enzyme immobilization	1783:1807	Based on these findings, the current study proposes green and natural biopolymers matrix as support for the enzyme immobilization for industrial applications.
29216511	5	28	theme	dynamic	569:575	arg1	viscosity					603:611	viscosity	603:611	viscosity (G")	603:616	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	28	theme	dynamic	569:575	arg1	elasticity					622:631	elasticity	622:631	elasticity (G')	622:636	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	28	theme	dynamic	569:575	arg1	measurements					589:600	The dynamic rheological measurements	565:600	The dynamic rheological measurements	565:600	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	3	29	theme	rheological	439:449	arg1	behavior					451:458	the rheological behavior	435:458	the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp	435:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	5	30	theme	rheological	577:587	arg1	viscosity					603:611	viscosity	603:611	viscosity (G")	603:616	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	30	theme	rheological	577:587	arg1	elasticity					622:631	elasticity	622:631	elasticity (G')	622:636	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	30	theme	rheological	577:587	arg1	measurements					589:600	The dynamic rheological measurements	565:600	The dynamic rheological measurements	565:600	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	11	31	with	enzymes	1319:1325	arg1	activity					1339:1346	lipase activity	1332:1346	lipase activity	1332:1346	Indeed, two enzymes with lipase activity were identified in native PAGE.
29216511	9	32	theme	Mcn4	1081:1084	arg1	biofilms					1086:1093	Mcn4 biofilms	1081:1093	Mcn4 biofilms	1081:1093	Mcn4 biofilms were developed on different surfaces, being the most stable those developed on hydrophilic supports.
29216511	0	33	theme	physicochemical	17:31	arg1	characterization					33:48	physicochemical characterization	17:48	physicochemical characterization	17:48	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	3	34	theme	Bacillus	480:487	arg1	sp					489:490	Bacillus sp	480:490	Bacillus sp	480:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	0	35	theme	Bacillus	53:60	arg1	biofilm					62:68	Bacillus biofilm	53:68	Bacillus biofilm	53:68	Architecture and physicochemical characterization of Bacillus biofilm as a potential enzyme immobilization factory.
29216511	13	36	theme	exceptional	1633:1643	arg1	environment					1645:1655	an exceptional environment	1630:1655	an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme	1630:1676	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	1	37	theme	complex	198:204	arg1	transformations					206:220	complex transformations	198:220	complex transformations	198:220	Biocatalysis for industrial application is based on the use of enzymes to perform complex transformations.
29216511	7	38	from	protein	985:991	arg1	matrix					1014:1019	the extracellular matrix	996:1019	the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique	996:1050	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	3	39	theme	behavior	451:458	arg1	strategy					339:346	an alternative strategy	324:346	an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm	324:408	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	3	39	theme	behavior	451:458	arg1	study					426:430	developed.A study	414:430	developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp	414:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	7	40	located	detected	943:950	arg1	biofilm					964:970	the biofilm	960:970	the biofilm	960:970	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	7	40	located	detected	943:950	arg2	DNA					894:896	Extracellular DNA	880:896	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp	880:937	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	12	41	theme	catalysis	1488:1496	arg1	cycle					1479:1483	more than one cycle	1465:1483	more than one cycle of catalysis	1465:1496	These were used as biocatalysts, whose reuse showed a residual lipase activity after more than one cycle of catalysis.
29216511	3	42	theme	biofilm	467:473	arg1	behavior					451:458	the rheological behavior	435:458	the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp	435:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	5	43	theme	enzymes	746:752	arg1	immobilization					754:767	enzymes immobilization	746:767	enzymes immobilization	746:767	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	44	theme	appreciable	679:689	arg1	components					699:708	appreciable elastic components	679:708	appreciable elastic components	679:708	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	44	theme	appreciable	679:689	arg1	property					733:740	a recognized property	720:740	a recognized property for enzymes immobilization	720:767	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	1	45	theme	industrial	133:142	arg1	application					144:154	industrial application	133:154	industrial application	133:154	Biocatalysis for industrial application is based on the use of enzymes to perform complex transformations.
29216511	3	46	theme	developed.A	414:424	arg1	strategy					339:346	an alternative strategy	324:346	an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm	324:408	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	3	46	theme	developed.A	414:424	arg1	study					426:430	developed.A study	414:430	developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp	414:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	4	47	theme	composition	535:545	arg1	Mcn4					493:496	Mcn4	493:496	Mcn4	493:496	Mcn4, as well as the determination of its composition, was carried out.
29216511	4	47	theme	composition	535:545	arg1	determination					514:526	the determination	510:526	the determination of its composition	510:545	Mcn4, as well as the determination of its composition, was carried out.
29216511	9	48	theme	different	1113:1121	arg1	surfaces					1123:1130	different surfaces	1113:1130	different surfaces	1113:1130	Mcn4 biofilms were developed on different surfaces, being the most stable those developed on hydrophilic supports.
29216511	5	49	dep	viscosity	603:611	arg1	module					638:643	module	638:643	module	638:643	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	14	50	theme	natural	1741:1747	arg1	biopolymers					1749:1759	natural biopolymers	1741:1759	natural biopolymers matrix as support for the enzyme immobilization for industrial applications	1741:1835	Based on these findings, the current study proposes green and natural biopolymers matrix as support for the enzyme immobilization for industrial applications.
29216511	13	51	theme	material	1613:1620	arg1	characteristic					1590:1603	the rheological characteristic	1574:1603	the rheological characteristic of this material	1574:1620	The components identified in the biofilm could be the main contributors of the rheological characteristic of this material, giving an exceptional environment to the lipase enzyme.
29216511	10	52	dep	showed	1208:1213	arg1	suggesting					1231:1240	suggesting	1231:1240	showed lipase activity suggesting the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm	1208:1304	The biofilm showed lipase activity suggesting the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm.
29216511	7	53	theme	amyloid	977:983	arg1	protein					985:991	amyloid protein	977:991	amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique	977:1050	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	11	54	theme	native	1367:1372	arg1	PAGE					1374:1377	native PAGE	1367:1377	native PAGE	1367:1377	Indeed, two enzymes with lipase activity were identified in native PAGE.
29216511	10	55	theme	lipase	1215:1220	arg1	activity					1222:1229	lipase activity	1215:1229	lipase activity	1215:1229	The biofilm showed lipase activity suggesting the presence of constitutive lipases entrapped into the biofilm.
29216511	7	56	theme	extracellular	1000:1012	arg1	matrix					1014:1019	the extracellular matrix	996:1019	the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique	996:1050	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	3	57	theme	alternative	327:337	arg1	strategy					339:346	an alternative strategy	324:346	an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm	324:408	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	3	57	theme	alternative	327:337	arg1	study					426:430	developed.A study	414:430	developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp	414:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	12	58	used	used	1391:1394	arg2	biocatalysts					1399:1410	biocatalysts	1399:1410	biocatalysts	1399:1410	These were used as biocatalysts, whose reuse showed a residual lipase activity after more than one cycle of catalysis.
29216511	12	58	used	used	1391:1394	arg2	These					1380:1384	These	1380:1384	These	1380:1384	These were used as biocatalysts, whose reuse showed a residual lipase activity after more than one cycle of catalysis.
29216511	2	59	theme	related	269:275	arg1	disadvantage					256:267	some disadvantage	251:267	some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst	251:307	However, these systems have some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst.
29216511	7	60	theme	Extracellular	880:892	arg1	DNA					894:896	Extracellular DNA	880:896	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp	880:937	Extracellular DNA with fragments between 10,000 and 1000bp was detected also in the biofilm, and amyloid protein in the extracellular matrix using a fluorescence technique was identified.
29216511	2	61	contain	have	246:249	arg1	systems					238:244	these systems	232:244	these systems	232:244	However, these systems have some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst.
29216511	2	61	contain	have	246:249	arg2	disadvantage					256:267	some disadvantage	251:267	some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst	251:307	However, these systems have some disadvantage related to the costs of the biocatalyst.
29216511	11	62	theme	lipase	1332:1337	arg1	activity					1339:1346	lipase activity	1332:1346	lipase activity	1332:1346	Indeed, two enzymes with lipase activity were identified in native PAGE.
29216511	3	63	from	behavior	451:458	arg1	sp					489:490	Bacillus sp	480:490	Bacillus sp	480:490	In this work, an alternative strategy for producing green immobilized biocatalysts based on biofilm was developed.A study of the rheological behavior of the biofilm from Bacillus sp.
29216511	14	64	theme	industrial	1813:1822	arg1	applications					1824:1835	industrial applications	1813:1835	industrial applications	1813:1835	Based on these findings, the current study proposes green and natural biopolymers matrix as support for the enzyme immobilization for industrial applications.
29216511	8	65	theme	Bacillus	1068:1075	arg1	sp					1077:1078	Bacillus sp	1068:1078	Bacillus sp.	1068:1079	Bacillus sp.
29216511	5	66	theme	elastic	691:697	arg1	components					699:708	appreciable elastic components	679:708	appreciable elastic components	679:708	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
29216511	5	66	theme	elastic	691:697	arg1	property					733:740	a recognized property	720:740	a recognized property for enzymes immobilization	720:767	The dynamic rheological measurements, viscosity (G") and elasticity (G') module, showed that the biofilm presents appreciable elastic components, which is a recognized property for enzymes immobilization.
24907759	7	0	theme	load	1178:1181	arg1	efficiencies					1183:1194	high load efficiencies	1173:1194	high load efficiencies	1173:1194	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	5	1	theme	moisture	863:870	arg1	particles					835:843	particles size and density	835:860	particles size and density	835:860	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	1	theme	moisture	863:870	arg1	content					872:878	moisture content	863:878	moisture content	863:878	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	4	2	theme	solid	549:553	arg1	content					555:561	the total solid content	539:561	the total solid content of the atomized dispersions	539:589	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	4	3	theme	total	543:547	arg1	content					555:561	the total solid content	539:561	the total solid content of the atomized dispersions	539:589	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	3	4	theme	atenolol	342:349	arg1	microparticles					324:337	microparticles	324:337	microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte)	324:441	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	4	5	theme	Several	474:480	arg1	formulations					482:493	Several formulations	474:493	Several formulations	474:493	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	6	6	theme	chains	1147:1152	arg1	properties					1116:1125	the mucoadhesive properties	1099:1125	the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains	1099:1152	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	7	7	theme	mean	1229:1232	arg1	diameters					1246:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	6	8	theme	polymeric	1137:1145	arg1	chains					1147:1152	the AA polymeric chains	1130:1152	the AA polymeric chains	1130:1152	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	5	9	theme	flow	818:821	arg1	efficiency					806:815	drug load efficiency	796:815	drug load efficiency	796:815	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	9	theme	flow	818:821	arg1	properties					823:832	flow properties	818:832	flow properties	818:832	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	10	theme	Powder	719:724	arg1	Diffraction					732:742	Powder X-ray Diffraction	719:742	Powder X-ray Diffraction	719:742	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	11	dep	Fourier	640:646	arg1	Transform					648:656	Transform	648:656	Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction	648:742	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	6	12	theme	respiratory	1039:1049	arg1	membrane					1051:1058	the respiratory membrane	1035:1058	the respiratory membrane	1035:1058	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	1	13	theme	inhalatory	76:85	arg1	route					87:91	The inhalatory route	72:91	The inhalatory route	72:91	The inhalatory route allows drug delivery for local or systemic treatments in a noninvasively way.
24907759	7	14	theme	respirable	1288:1297	arg1	μm					1324:1325	lower than 10 μm	1310:1325	lower than 10 μm	1310:1325	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	7	14	theme	respirable	1288:1297	arg1	particles					1299:1307	respirable particles	1288:1307	respirable particles (lower than 10 μm)	1288:1326	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	5	15	theme	following	760:768	arg1	properties					770:779	the following properties	756:779	the following properties	756:779	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	16	theme	X-ray	726:730	arg1	Diffraction					732:742	Powder X-ray Diffraction	719:742	Powder X-ray Diffraction	719:742	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	3	17	theme	antihypertensive	362:377	arg1	AT					352:353	AT	352:353	AT	352:353	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	17	theme	antihypertensive	362:377	arg1	drug					379:382	basic antihypertensive drug	356:382	basic antihypertensive drug	356:382	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	0	18	theme	alginic	4:10	arg1	acid-atenolol					12:24	New alginic acid-atenolol	0:24	New alginic acid-atenolol	0:24	New alginic acid-atenolol microparticles for inhalatory drug targeting.
24907759	7	19	theme	high	1260:1263	arg1	fraction					1276:1283	high cumulative fraction	1260:1283	high cumulative fraction	1260:1283	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	7	20	theme	aerodynamic	1234:1244	arg1	diameters					1246:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	3	21	theme	acid	397:400	arg1	microparticles					324:337	microparticles	324:337	microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte)	324:441	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	0	22	theme	New	0:2	arg1	acid-atenolol					12:24	New alginic acid-atenolol	0:24	New alginic acid-atenolol	0:24	New alginic acid-atenolol microparticles for inhalatory drug targeting.
24907759	1	23	theme	drug	100:103	arg1	delivery					105:112	drug delivery	100:112	drug delivery for local or systemic treatments	100:145	The inhalatory route allows drug delivery for local or systemic treatments in a noninvasively way.
24907759	7	24	theme	particles	1299:1307	arg1	fraction					1276:1283	high cumulative fraction	1260:1283	high cumulative fraction	1260:1283	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	7	24	theme	particles	1299:1307	arg1	efficiencies					1183:1194	high load efficiencies	1173:1194	high load efficiencies	1173:1194	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	7	24	theme	particles	1299:1307	arg1	diameters					1246:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	7	24	theme	particles	1299:1307	arg1	contents					1210:1217	low moisture contents	1197:1217	low moisture contents	1197:1217	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	5	25	theme	drug	796:799	arg1	particles					835:843	particles size and density	835:860	particles size and density	835:860	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	25	theme	drug	796:799	arg1	efficiency					806:815	drug load efficiency	796:815	drug load efficiency	796:815	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	25	theme	drug	796:799	arg1	properties					823:832	flow properties	818:832	flow properties	818:832	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	4	26	theme	composition	517:527	arg1	AT/AA					529:533	the relative composition AT/AA	504:533	the relative composition AT/AA	504:533	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	6	27	theme	mucoadhesive	1103:1114	arg1	properties					1116:1125	the mucoadhesive properties	1099:1125	the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains	1099:1152	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	3	28	dep	acid	397:400	arg1	AA					403:404	AA	403:404	AA	403:404	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	28	dep	acid	397:400	arg1	polyelectrolyte					426:440	acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte	407:440	acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte	407:440	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	6	29	theme	drug	1017:1020	arg1	targeting					1022:1030	the drug targeting	1013:1030	the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane	1013:1058	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	2	30	theme	efficiency	298:307	arg1	terms					275:279	terms	275:279	terms of stability and efficiency	275:307	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	6	31	theme	AA	1134:1135	arg1	chains					1147:1152	the AA polymeric chains	1130:1152	the AA polymeric chains	1130:1152	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	2	32	theme	stability	284:292	arg1	terms					275:279	terms	275:279	terms of stability and efficiency	275:307	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	0	33	theme	inhalatory	45:54	arg1	targeting					61:69	inhalatory drug targeting	45:69	inhalatory drug targeting	45:69	New alginic acid-atenolol microparticles for inhalatory drug targeting.
24907759	6	34	theme	due	1092:1094	arg1	residence					1082:1090	its time residence	1073:1090	its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains	1073:1152	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	5	35	theme	Differential	681:692	arg1	Calorimetry					703:713	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	681:713	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	681:713	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	2	36	theme	current	175:181	arg1	tendency					183:190	The current tendency	171:190	The current tendency of inhalable systems	171:211	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	2	37	theme	powder	232:237	arg1	inhalers					239:246	dry powder inhalers	228:246	dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency	228:307	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	3	38	theme	acid	407:410	arg1	AA					403:404	AA	403:404	AA	403:404	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	38	theme	acid	407:410	arg1	polyelectrolyte					426:440	acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte	407:440	acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte	407:440	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	39	theme	alginic	389:395	arg1	acid					397:400	alginic acid	389:400	alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte)	389:441	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	5	40	theme	Scanning	694:701	arg1	Calorimetry					703:713	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	681:713	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	681:713	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	2	41	theme	dry	228:230	arg1	inhalers					239:246	dry powder inhalers	228:246	dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency	228:307	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	3	42	theme	biocompatible	412:424	arg1	AA					403:404	AA	403:404	AA	403:404	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	42	theme	biocompatible	412:424	arg1	polyelectrolyte					426:440	acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte	407:440	acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte	407:440	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	6	43	theme	ionic	916:920	arg1	interaction					922:932	The ionic interaction	912:932	The ionic interaction between AA and AT	912:950	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	1	44	theme	local	118:122	arg1	treatments					136:145	local or systemic treatments	118:145	local or systemic treatments	118:145	The inhalatory route allows drug delivery for local or systemic treatments in a noninvasively way.
24907759	0	45	theme	drug	56:59	arg1	targeting					61:69	inhalatory drug targeting	45:69	inhalatory drug targeting	45:69	New alginic acid-atenolol microparticles for inhalatory drug targeting.
24907759	4	46	theme	relative	508:515	arg1	AT/AA					529:533	the relative composition AT/AA	504:533	the relative composition AT/AA	504:533	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	5	47	dep	particles	835:843	arg1	particles					835:843	particles size and density	835:860	particles size and density	835:860	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	47	dep	particles	835:843	arg1	density					854:860	density	854:860	density	854:860	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	47	dep	particles	835:843	arg1	size					845:848	size	845:848	size	845:848	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	7	48	theme	high	1173:1176	arg1	efficiencies					1183:1194	high load efficiencies	1173:1194	high load efficiencies	1173:1194	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	3	49	theme	spray	460:464	arg1	drying					466:471	spray drying	460:471	spray drying	460:471	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	7	50	theme	adequate	1220:1227	arg1	diameters					1246:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	adequate mean aerodynamic diameters	1220:1254	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	3	51	dep	atenolol	342:349	arg1	AT					352:353	AT	352:353	AT	352:353	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	51	dep	atenolol	342:349	arg1	drug					379:382	basic antihypertensive drug	356:382	basic antihypertensive drug	356:382	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	2	52	theme	systems	205:211	arg1	tendency					183:190	The current tendency	171:190	The current tendency of inhalable systems	171:211	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	1	53	theme	systemic	127:134	arg1	treatments					136:145	local or systemic treatments	118:145	local or systemic treatments	118:145	The inhalatory route allows drug delivery for local or systemic treatments in a noninvasively way.
24907759	2	54	from	advantages	261:270	arg1	terms					275:279	terms	275:279	terms of stability and efficiency	275:307	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	4	55	theme	atomized	570:577	arg1	dispersions					579:589	the atomized dispersions	566:589	the atomized dispersions	566:589	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	5	56	theme	Infrared	658:665	arg1	Spectroscopy					667:678	Infrared Spectroscopy	658:678	Infrared Spectroscopy	658:678	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	2	57	theme	inhalable	195:203	arg1	systems					205:211	inhalable systems	195:211	inhalable systems	195:211	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	6	58	theme	time	1077:1080	arg1	residence					1082:1090	its time residence	1073:1090	its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains	1073:1152	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	6	59	theme	chemical	983:990	arg1	entity					992:997	then the new chemical entity	970:997	then the new chemical entity	970:997	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	7	60	theme	cumulative	1265:1274	arg1	fraction					1276:1283	high cumulative fraction	1260:1283	high cumulative fraction	1260:1283	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	2	61	theme	due	248:250	arg1	inhalers					239:246	dry powder inhalers	228:246	dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency	228:307	The current tendency of inhalable systems is oriented to dry powder inhalers due to their advantages in terms of stability and efficiency.
24907759	6	62	theme	new	979:981	arg1	entity					992:997	then the new chemical entity	970:997	then the new chemical entity	970:997	The ionic interaction between AA and AT was demonstrated, then the new chemical entity could improve the drug targeting to the respiratory membrane and increase its time residence due to the mucoadhesive properties of the AA polymeric chains.
24907759	7	63	theme	low	1197:1199	arg1	contents					1210:1217	low moisture contents	1197:1217	low moisture contents	1197:1217	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	5	64	theme	load	801:804	arg1	particles					835:843	particles size and density	835:860	particles size and density	835:860	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	64	theme	load	801:804	arg1	efficiency					806:815	drug load efficiency	796:815	drug load efficiency	796:815	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	5	64	theme	load	801:804	arg1	properties					823:832	flow properties	818:832	flow properties	818:832	The powders were characterized by: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Powder X-ray Diffraction, while also the following properties were measured: drug load efficiency, flow properties, particles size and density, moisture content, hygroscopicity and morphology.
24907759	3	65	theme	basic	356:360	arg1	AT					352:353	AT	352:353	AT	352:353	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	3	65	theme	basic	356:360	arg1	drug					379:382	basic antihypertensive drug	356:382	basic antihypertensive drug	356:382	In this work, microparticles of atenolol (AT, basic antihypertensive drug) and alginic acid (AA, acid biocompatible polyelectrolyte) were obtained by spray drying.
24907759	7	66	theme	moisture	1201:1208	arg1	contents					1210:1217	low moisture contents	1197:1217	low moisture contents	1197:1217	Powders exhibited high load efficiencies, low moisture contents, adequate mean aerodynamic diameters and high cumulative fraction of respirable particles (lower than 10 μm).
24907759	4	67	theme	dispersions	579:589	arg1	content					555:561	the total solid content	539:561	the total solid content of the atomized dispersions	539:589	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
24907759	4	67	theme	dispersions	579:589	arg1	AT/AA					529:533	the relative composition AT/AA	504:533	the relative composition AT/AA	504:533	Several formulations, varying the relative composition AT/AA and the total solid content of the atomized dispersions, were tested.
28540921	4	0	theme	human	576:580	arg1	health					582:587	human health	576:587	human health	576:587	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	1	theme	microbial	810:818	arg1	composition					820:830	microbial composition	810:830	microbial composition	810:830	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	2	from	variation	797:805	arg1	composition					820:830	microbial composition	810:830	microbial composition	810:830	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	1	3	theme	increasing	60:69	arg1	evidence					71:78	The increasing evidence	56:78	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity,	56:182	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	6	4	from	advances	1048:1055	arg1	research					1071:1078	microbiome research	1060:1078	microbiome research	1060:1078	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	4	5	theme	therapies	733:741	arg1	caveats					693:699	caveats	693:699	caveats	693:699	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	5	theme	therapies	733:741	arg1	resistance					765:774	colonization resistance	752:774	colonization resistance	752:774	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	5	theme	therapies	733:741	arg1	variation					797:805	inter-individual variation	780:805	inter-individual variation in microbial composition	780:830	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	6	theme	microbiome-targeting	712:731	arg1	therapies					733:741	current microbiome-targeting therapies	704:741	current microbiome-targeting therapies	704:741	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	6	7	theme	treatment	1111:1119	arg1	modalities					1121:1130	current treatment modalities	1103:1130	current treatment modalities	1103:1130	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	4	8	from	resistance	765:774	arg1	composition					820:830	microbial composition	810:830	microbial composition	810:830	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	6	9	theme	current	1103:1109	arg1	modalities					1121:1130	current treatment modalities	1103:1130	current treatment modalities	1103:1130	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	2	10	theme	bacteria	314:321	arg1	consumption					284:294	the consumption	280:294	the consumption of live probiotic bacteria	280:321	Nevertheless, classical therapies based on the consumption of live probiotic bacteria, or their enrichment by prebiotics, exhibit limited efficacy.
28540921	6	11	theme	person-specific	1231:1245	arg1	therapy					1273:1279	a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1229:1279	a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1229:1279	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	4	12	theme	interactions	549:560	arg1	interactions					549:560	the host-microorganism interactions	526:560	the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health	526:587	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	12	theme	interactions	549:560	arg1	many					518:521	many	518:521	many	518:521	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	2	13	theme	probiotic	304:312	arg1	bacteria					314:321	live probiotic bacteria	299:321	live probiotic bacteria	299:321	Nevertheless, classical therapies based on the consumption of live probiotic bacteria, or their enrichment by prebiotics, exhibit limited efficacy.
28540921	4	14	theme	inter-individual	780:795	arg1	variation					797:805	inter-individual variation	780:805	inter-individual variation in microbial composition	780:830	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	2	15	theme	limited	367:373	arg1	efficacy					375:382	limited efficacy	367:382	limited efficacy	367:382	Nevertheless, classical therapies based on the consumption of live probiotic bacteria, or their enrichment by prebiotics, exhibit limited efficacy.
28540921	0	16	theme	microbiome-based	17:32	arg1	treatment					45:53	microbiome-based metabolite treatment	17:53	microbiome-based metabolite treatment	17:53	The path towards microbiome-based metabolite treatment.
28540921	4	17	theme	host-microorganism	530:547	arg1	interactions					549:560	the host-microorganism interactions	526:560	the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health	526:587	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	5	18	theme	critical	966:973	arg1	issues					959:964	issues	959:964	the metabolite-based therapeutic approach as well as issues critical for its implementation	906:996	In this Perspective, we will discuss the evidence that supports pursuing the metabolite-based therapeutic approach as well as issues critical for its implementation.
28540921	2	19	theme	live	299:302	arg1	bacteria					314:321	live probiotic bacteria	299:321	live probiotic bacteria	299:321	Nevertheless, classical therapies based on the consumption of live probiotic bacteria, or their enrichment by prebiotics, exhibit limited efficacy.
28540921	4	20	theme	colonization	752:763	arg1	resistance					765:774	colonization resistance	752:774	colonization resistance	752:774	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	3	21	theme	novel	397:401	arg1	approach					415:422	a novel therapeutic approach	395:422	a novel therapeutic approach	395:422	Recently, a novel therapeutic approach has been suggested based on metabolites secreted, modulated or degraded by the microbiome.
28540921	4	22	theme	current	704:710	arg1	therapies					733:741	current microbiome-targeting therapies	704:741	current microbiome-targeting therapies	704:741	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	4	23	theme	therapeutic	655:665	arg1	efficacy					667:674	therapeutic efficacy	655:674	therapeutic efficacy	655:674	As many of the host-microorganism interactions pertaining to human health are mediated by metabolites, this approach may be able to provide therapeutic efficacy while overcoming caveats of current microbiome-targeting therapies, such as colonization resistance and inter-individual variation in microbial composition.
28540921	0	24	theme	metabolite	34:43	arg1	treatment					45:53	microbiome-based metabolite treatment	17:53	microbiome-based metabolite treatment	17:53	The path towards microbiome-based metabolite treatment.
28540921	3	25	theme	therapeutic	403:413	arg1	approach					415:422	a novel therapeutic approach	395:422	a novel therapeutic approach	395:422	Recently, a novel therapeutic approach has been suggested based on metabolites secreted, modulated or degraded by the microbiome.
28540921	1	26	theme	desirable	197:205	arg1	target					229:234	a desirable potential therapeutic target	195:234	it a desirable potential therapeutic target	192:234	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	6	27	theme	broader	1004:1010	arg1	context					1012:1018	a broader context	1002:1018	a broader context	1002:1018	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	6	28	theme	efficient	1263:1271	arg1	therapy					1273:1279	a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1229:1279	a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1229:1279	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	1	29	theme	gut	120:122	arg1	microbiome					124:133	the gut microbiome	116:133	the gut microbiome	116:133	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	1	30	theme	microbiome	124:133	arg1	involvement					101:111	the involvement	97:111	the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity,	97:182	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	6	31	theme	integrated	1248:1257	arg1	therapy					1273:1279	a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1229:1279	a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1229:1279	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	6	32	theme	metabolite-based	1174:1189	arg1	interventions					1191:1203	metabolite-based interventions	1174:1203	metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy	1174:1279	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	1	33	theme	potential	207:215	arg1	target					229:234	a desirable potential therapeutic target	195:234	it a desirable potential therapeutic target	192:234	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	2	34	theme	classical	251:259	arg1	therapies					261:269	classical therapies	251:269	classical therapies based on the consumption of live probiotic bacteria	251:321	Nevertheless, classical therapies based on the consumption of live probiotic bacteria, or their enrichment by prebiotics, exhibit limited efficacy.
28540921	1	35	theme	multiple	138:145	arg1	diseases					147:154	multiple diseases	138:154	multiple diseases	138:154	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	1	36	theme	therapeutic	217:227	arg1	target					229:234	a desirable potential therapeutic target	195:234	it a desirable potential therapeutic target	192:234	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	6	37	theme	microbiome	1060:1069	arg1	research					1071:1078	microbiome research	1060:1078	microbiome research	1060:1078	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	3	38	dep	metabolites	452:462	arg1	degraded					487:494	degraded	487:494	degraded by the microbiome	487:512	Recently, a novel therapeutic approach has been suggested based on metabolites secreted, modulated or degraded by the microbiome.
28540921	3	38	dep	metabolites	452:462	arg1	modulated					474:482	modulated	474:482	modulated	474:482	Recently, a novel therapeutic approach has been suggested based on metabolites secreted, modulated or degraded by the microbiome.
28540921	3	38	dep	metabolites	452:462	arg1	secreted					464:471	secreted	464:471	secreted	464:471	Recently, a novel therapeutic approach has been suggested based on metabolites secreted, modulated or degraded by the microbiome.
28540921	5	39	theme	metabolite-based	910:925	arg1	approach					939:946	the metabolite-based therapeutic approach	906:946	the metabolite-based therapeutic approach as well as issues critical for its implementation	906:996	In this Perspective, we will discuss the evidence that supports pursuing the metabolite-based therapeutic approach as well as issues critical for its implementation.
28540921	1	40	from	involvement	101:111	arg1	plasticity					172:181	its plasticity	168:181	its plasticity	168:181	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	1	40	from	involvement	101:111	arg1	diseases					147:154	multiple diseases	138:154	multiple diseases	138:154	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	6	41	theme	recent	1041:1046	arg1	advances					1048:1055	recent advances	1041:1055	recent advances in microbiome research	1041:1078	In a broader context, we will discuss how recent advances in microbiome research may improve and refine current treatment modalities, and the potential of combining them with metabolite-based interventions as a means of achieving a person-specific, integrated and efficient therapy.
28540921	1	42	dep	it	192:193	arg1	target					229:234	a desirable potential therapeutic target	195:234	it a desirable potential therapeutic target	192:234	The increasing evidence pointing towards the involvement of the gut microbiome in multiple diseases, as well as its plasticity, renders it a desirable potential therapeutic target.
28540921	5	43	theme	therapeutic	927:937	arg1	approach					939:946	the metabolite-based therapeutic approach	906:946	the metabolite-based therapeutic approach as well as issues critical for its implementation	906:996	In this Perspective, we will discuss the evidence that supports pursuing the metabolite-based therapeutic approach as well as issues critical for its implementation.
28943151	14	0	theme	comparative	2367:2377	arg1	genomics					2379:2386	comparative genomics	2367:2386	comparative genomics	2367:2386	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	6	1	located	observed	1105:1112	arg2	differences					1088:1098	Marked differences	1081:1098	Marked differences	1081:1098	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	1	located	observed	1105:1112	arg1	strains					1131:1137	A. urinae strains	1121:1137	A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1121:1328	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	14	2	theme	bacteremia	2461:2470	arg1	episodes					2443:2450	episodes	2443:2450	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2443:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	6	3	theme	sequence	1192:1199	arg1	identity					1201:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	3	theme	sequence	1192:1199	arg1	sizes					1174:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	9	4	theme	bacterial	1596:1604	arg1	adhesion					1606:1613	bacterial adhesion	1596:1613	bacterial adhesion	1596:1613	Genes that were homologs to virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis were identified by aligning A. sanguinicola and A. urinae pan- and core-genes against Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB).
28943151	6	5	theme	capsular	1285:1292	arg1	polysaccharide					1294:1307	capsular polysaccharide	1285:1307	putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci	1276:1318	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	5	theme	capsular	1285:1292	arg1	CPS					1310:1312	CPS	1310:1312	CPS	1310:1312	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	11	6	theme	A. sanguinicola	2002:2016	arg1	genomes					1991:1997	genomes	1991:1997	genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	1991:2038	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs were identified in genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains, respectively.
28943151	1	7	theme	urinary	303:309	arg1	UTIs					329:332	UTIs	329:332	UTIs	329:332	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	7	theme	urinary	303:309	arg1	infections					317:326	urinary tract infections	303:326	urinary tract infections (UTIs)	303:333	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	14	8	theme	UTIs	2455:2458	arg1	episodes					2443:2450	episodes	2443:2450	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2443:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	3	9	theme	genomic	697:703	arg1	diversity					705:713	genomic diversity	697:713	genomic diversity	697:713	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	3	10	theme	clinical	554:561	arg1	A. urinae					563:571	40 clinical A. urinae	551:571	40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015)	551:600	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	9	11	theme	Bacterial	1743:1751	arg1	VFDB					1764:1767	VFDB	1764:1767	VFDB	1764:1767	Genes that were homologs to virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis were identified by aligning A. sanguinicola and A. urinae pan- and core-genes against Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB).
28943151	9	11	theme	Bacterial	1743:1751	arg1	Pathogens					1753:1761	Bacterial Pathogens	1743:1761	Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB)	1743:1768	Genes that were homologs to virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis were identified by aligning A. sanguinicola and A. urinae pan- and core-genes against Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB).
28943151	0	12	theme	infection	160:168	arg1	episodes					170:177	infection episodes	160:177	infection episodes	160:177	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	12	13	theme	A. sanguinicola	2132:2146	arg1	strains					2148:2154	all A. sanguinicola strains	2128:2154	all A. sanguinicola strains	2128:2154	Analysis of these genes identified one type of putative CPS locus within all A. sanguinicola strains.
28943151	3	14	theme	genes	749:753	arg1	diversity					705:713	genomic diversity	697:713	genomic diversity	697:713	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	3	14	theme	genes	749:753	arg1	characterization					719:734	characterization	719:734	characterization	719:734	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	6	15	theme	analysis	1262:1269	arg1	sequences					1320:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	14	16	theme	first	2334:2338	arg1	study					2340:2344	the first study	2330:2344	the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2330:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	14	16	theme	first	2334:2338	arg1	this					2322:2325	this	2322:2325	this	2322:2325	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	10	17	theme	A. sanguinicola	1843:1857	arg1	genomes					1832:1838	genomes	1832:1838	genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA)	1832:1933	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	6	18	theme	average	1159:1165	arg1	number					1181:1186	number	1181:1186	number	1181:1186	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	18	theme	average	1159:1165	arg1	identity					1201:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	18	theme	average	1159:1165	arg1	sizes					1174:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	10	19	theme	Bacterial	1771:1779	arg1	homologs					1807:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	1	20	theme	emerging	230:237	arg1	sanguinicola					191:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola	180:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola	180:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	20	theme	emerging	230:237	arg1	urinae					219:224	Aerococcus urinae	208:224	Aerococcus urinae	208:224	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	20	theme	emerging	230:237	arg1	pathogens					239:247	emerging pathogens	230:247	emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	230:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	0	21	from	factors	81:87	arg1	sanguinicola					103:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	21	from	factors	81:87	arg1	urinae					131:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	6	22	theme	phylogenetic	1249:1260	arg1	analysis					1262:1269	phylogenetic analysis	1249:1269	phylogenetic analysis	1249:1269	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	12	23	theme	CPS	2111:2113	arg1	locus					2115:2119	putative CPS locus	2102:2119	putative CPS locus	2102:2119	Analysis of these genes identified one type of putative CPS locus within all A. sanguinicola strains.
28943151	5	24	with	1.93-2.44 Mb	989:1000	arg1	GC-contents					1018:1028	41.6-42.6% GC-contents	1007:1028	41.6-42.6% GC-contents	1007:1028	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	3	25	theme	bacterial	771:779	arg1	pathogenicity					781:793	the bacterial pathogenicity	767:793	the bacterial pathogenicity	767:793	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	11	26	theme	CPS	1954:1956	arg1	homologs					1963:1970	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs	1936:1970	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs	1936:1970	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs were identified in genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains, respectively.
28943151	1	27	from	pathogens	239:247	arg1	settings					261:268	clinical settings	252:268	clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	252:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	8	28	theme	time	1481:1484	arg1	periods					1486:1492	two time periods	1477:1492	two time periods	1477:1492	Phylogenetic analyses showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods: 1984-2004 strains and 2010-2015 strains.
28943151	6	29	theme	conservations	1234:1246	arg1	sequences					1320:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	12	30	theme	genes	2073:2077	arg1	Analysis					2055:2062	Analysis	2055:2062	Analysis of these genes	2055:2077	Analysis of these genes identified one type of putative CPS locus within all A. sanguinicola strains.
28943151	6	31	theme	sequences	1320:1328	arg1	number					1181:1186	number	1181:1186	number	1181:1186	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	31	theme	sequences	1320:1328	arg1	identity					1201:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	31	theme	sequences	1320:1328	arg1	sizes					1174:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	14	32	from	WGS	2359:2361	arg1	episodes					2443:2450	episodes	2443:2450	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2443:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	11	33	dep	A. sanguinicola	2002:2016	arg1	strains					2032:2038	strains	2032:2038	strains	2032:2038	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs were identified in genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains, respectively.
28943151	7	34	theme	high	1365:1368	arg1	degree					1370:1375	high degree	1365:1375	high degree of homology	1365:1387	Strains of A. sanguinicola showed high degree of homology.
28943151	4	35	with	2.06-2.12 Mb	830:841	arg1	GC-contents					859:869	47.4-47.6% GC-contents	848:869	47.4-47.6% GC-contents	848:869	A. sanguinicola genome sizes were 2.06-2.12 Mb with 47.4-47.6% GC-contents, and 1783-1905 genes were predicted whereof 1170 were core-genes.
28943151	13	36	theme	locus	2248:2252	arg1	sizes					2254:2258	CPS locus sizes	2244:2258	CPS locus sizes	2244:2258	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	0	37	theme	factors	81:87	arg1	characterization					8:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	37	theme	factors	81:87	arg1	analysis					39:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	37	theme	factors	81:87	arg1	identification					53:66	identification	53:66	identification	53:66	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	1	38	theme	Aerococcus	180:189	arg1	sanguinicola					191:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola	180:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola	180:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	38	theme	Aerococcus	180:189	arg1	urinae					219:224	Aerococcus urinae	208:224	Aerococcus urinae	208:224	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	38	theme	Aerococcus	180:189	arg1	pathogens					239:247	emerging pathogens	230:247	emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	230:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	7	39	theme	homology	1380:1387	arg1	degree					1370:1375	high degree	1365:1375	high degree of homology	1365:1387	Strains of A. sanguinicola showed high degree of homology.
28943151	0	40	theme	Aerococcus	92:101	arg1	sanguinicola					103:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	1	41	theme	infective	382:390	arg1	endocarditis					392:403	complicated infective endocarditis	370:403	complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	370:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	13	42	from	variations	2230:2239	arg1	sizes					2254:2258	CPS locus sizes	2244:2258	CPS locus sizes	2244:2258	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	13	42	from	variations	2230:2239	arg1	content					2269:2275	genetic content	2261:2275	genetic content	2261:2275	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	13	42	from	variations	2230:2239	arg1	organization					2293:2304	structural organization	2282:2304	structural organization	2282:2304	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	13	43	theme	A. urinae	2160:2168	arg1	genomes					2170:2176	A. urinae genomes	2160:2176	A. urinae genomes	2160:2176	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	6	44	theme	Marked	1081:1086	arg1	differences					1088:1098	Marked differences	1081:1098	Marked differences	1081:1098	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	2	45	theme	species	478:484	arg1	pathogenicity					451:463	the pathogenicity	447:463	the pathogenicity of these two species	447:484	Limited knowledge exists concerning the pathogenicity of these two species.
28943151	0	46	from	analysis	39:46	arg1	sanguinicola					103:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	46	from	analysis	39:46	arg1	urinae					131:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	8	47	theme	Phylogenetic	1390:1401	arg1	analyses					1403:1410	Phylogenetic analyses	1390:1410	Phylogenetic analyses	1390:1410	Phylogenetic analyses showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods: 1984-2004 strains and 2010-2015 strains.
28943151	0	48	theme	Genomic	0:6	arg1	characterization					8:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	1	49	theme	tract	311:315	arg1	UTIs					329:332	UTIs	329:332	UTIs	329:332	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	49	theme	tract	311:315	arg1	infections					317:326	urinary tract infections	303:326	urinary tract infections (UTIs)	303:333	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	3	50	dep	2015	541:544	arg1	to					538:539	to	538:539	to	538:539	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	10	51	theme	A. urinae	1891:1899	arg1	genomes					1832:1838	genomes	1832:1838	genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA)	1832:1933	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	3	52	theme	clinical	493:500	arg1	strains					602:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains	487:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	487:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	16	53	theme	UTIs	2753:2756	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	3	54	theme	IE	649:650	arg1	episodes					615:622	episodes	615:622	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	615:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	8	55	dep	showed	1412:1417	arg1	strains					1505:1511	1984-2004 strains	1495:1511	1984-2004 strains	1495:1511	Phylogenetic analyses showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods: 1984-2004 strains and 2010-2015 strains.
28943151	8	55	dep	showed	1412:1417	arg1	strains					1527:1533	2010-2015 strains	1517:1533	2010-2015 strains	1517:1533	Phylogenetic analyses showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods: 1984-2004 strains and 2010-2015 strains.
28943151	8	55	dep	showed	1412:1417	arg1	formed					1444:1449	formed	1444:1449	showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods	1412:1492	Phylogenetic analyses showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods: 1984-2004 strains and 2010-2015 strains.
28943151	13	56	theme	CPS	2194:2196	arg1	types					2203:2207	five different CPS loci types	2179:2207	five different CPS loci types	2179:2207	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	16	57	theme	bacteremia	2759:2768	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	4	58	theme	47.4-47.6	848:856	arg1	%					857:857	%	857:857	%	857:857	A. sanguinicola genome sizes were 2.06-2.12 Mb with 47.4-47.6% GC-contents, and 1783-1905 genes were predicted whereof 1170 were core-genes.
28943151	14	59	theme	strains	2430:2436	arg1	WGS					2359:2361	WGS	2359:2361	WGS	2359:2361	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	14	59	theme	strains	2430:2436	arg1	genomics					2379:2386	comparative genomics	2367:2386	comparative genomics	2367:2386	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	1	60	theme	urogenic	336:343	arg1	sepsis					345:350	urogenic sepsis	336:350	urogenic sepsis	336:350	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	16	61	theme	important	2662:2670	arg1	knowledge					2672:2680	important knowledge	2662:2680	important knowledge	2662:2680	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	1	62	dep	endocarditis	392:403	arg1	IE					406:407	IE	406:407	IE	406:407	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	4	63	theme	A. sanguinicola	796:810	arg1	sizes					819:823	A. sanguinicola genome sizes	796:823	A. sanguinicola genome sizes	796:823	A. sanguinicola genome sizes were 2.06-2.12 Mb with 47.4-47.6% GC-contents, and 1783-1905 genes were predicted whereof 1170 were core-genes.
28943151	16	64	theme	future	2696:2701	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	1	65	theme	clinical	252:259	arg1	settings					261:268	clinical settings	252:268	clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	252:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	5	66	theme	41.6-42.6	1007:1015	arg1	%					1016:1016	%	1016:1016	%	1016:1016	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	14	67	theme	clinical	2391:2398	arg1	strains					2430:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2391:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2391:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	10	68	theme	gene	1802:1805	arg1	homologs					1807:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	14	69	theme	IE	2477:2478	arg1	episodes					2443:2450	episodes	2443:2450	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2443:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	3	70	attach	isolated	519:526	arg2	A. sanguinicola					502:516	A. sanguinicola	502:516	A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015)	502:545	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	3	70	attach	isolated	519:526	arg1	2015					541:544	2015	541:544	2015	541:544	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	0	71	from	urinae	131:136	arg1	characterization					8:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	71	from	urinae	131:136	arg1	analysis					39:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	71	from	urinae	131:136	arg1	identification					53:66	identification	53:66	identification	53:66	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	10	72	theme	adherence	1781:1789	arg1	homologs					1807:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	1	73	theme	causative	283:291	arg1	agents					293:298	causative agents	283:298	causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	283:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	16	74	theme	molecular	2703:2711	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	10	75	attach	present	1821:1827	arg2	homologs					1807:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	75	attach	present	1821:1827	arg1	genomes					1832:1838	genomes	1832:1838	genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA)	1832:1933	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	6	76	theme	polysaccharide	1294:1307	arg1	loci					1315:1318	putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci	1276:1318	putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci	1276:1318	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	3	77	theme	A. urinae	563:571	arg1	strains					602:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains	487:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	487:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	3	78	dep	sequenced	670:678	arg1	WGS					681:683	WGS	681:683	WGS	681:683	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	9	79	theme	Virulence	1722:1730	arg1	Factors					1732:1738	Virulence Factors	1722:1738	Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB)	1722:1768	Genes that were homologs to virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis were identified by aligning A. sanguinicola and A. urinae pan- and core-genes against Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB).
28943151	10	80	dep	A. urinae	1891:1899	arg1	fbp54					1918:1922	fbp54	1918:1922	fbp54	1918:1922	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	80	dep	A. urinae	1891:1899	arg1	ilpA					1929:1932	ilpA	1929:1932	ilpA	1929:1932	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	80	dep	A. urinae	1891:1899	arg1	lmb					1913:1915	lmb	1913:1915	lmb	1913:1915	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	80	dep	A. urinae	1891:1899	arg1	lap					1908:1910	lap	1908:1910	lap	1908:1910	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	80	dep	A. urinae	1891:1899	arg1	htpB					1902:1905	htpB	1902:1905	htpB	1902:1905	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	6	81	theme	putative	1276:1283	arg1	loci					1315:1318	putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci	1276:1318	putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci	1276:1318	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	3	82	dep	2015	596:599	arg1	to					593:594	to	593:594	to	593:594	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	4	83	theme	%	857:857	arg1	GC-contents					859:869	47.4-47.6% GC-contents	848:869	47.4-47.6% GC-contents	848:869	A. sanguinicola genome sizes were 2.06-2.12 Mb with 47.4-47.6% GC-contents, and 1783-1905 genes were predicted whereof 1170 were core-genes.
28943151	12	84	theme	locus	2115:2119	arg1	type					2094:2097	one type	2090:2097	one type of putative CPS locus	2090:2119	Analysis of these genes identified one type of putative CPS locus within all A. sanguinicola strains.
28943151	1	85	theme	Aerococcus	208:217	arg1	sanguinicola					191:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola	180:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola	180:202	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	85	theme	Aerococcus	208:217	arg1	urinae					219:224	Aerococcus urinae	208:224	Aerococcus urinae	208:224	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	1	85	theme	Aerococcus	208:217	arg1	pathogens					239:247	emerging pathogens	230:247	emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	230:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	9	86	theme	Pathogens	1753:1761	arg1	Factors					1732:1738	Virulence Factors	1722:1738	Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB)	1722:1768	Genes that were homologs to virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis were identified by aligning A. sanguinicola and A. urinae pan- and core-genes against Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB).
28943151	6	87	theme	genome	1167:1172	arg1	number					1181:1186	number	1181:1186	number	1181:1186	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	87	theme	genome	1167:1172	arg1	identity					1201:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	sequence identity	1192:1208	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	87	theme	genome	1167:1172	arg1	sizes					1174:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	the average genome sizes	1155:1178	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	5	88	theme	genome	971:976	arg1	sizes					978:982	the genome sizes	967:982	the genome sizes	967:982	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	5	88	theme	genome	971:976	arg1	1.93-2.44 Mb					989:1000	1.93-2.44 Mb	989:1000	1.93-2.44 Mb	989:1000	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	14	89	from	study	2340:2344	arg1	conclusion					2310:2319	conclusion	2310:2319	conclusion	2310:2319	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	3	90	theme	virulence	739:747	arg1	genes					749:753	virulence genes	739:753	virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity	739:793	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	15	91	theme	A. urinae	2612:2620	arg1	genomes					2622:2628	A. urinae genomes	2612:2628	A. urinae genomes	2612:2628	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence were identified and genetic variability was observed within A. urinae genomes.
28943151	12	92	theme	putative	2102:2109	arg1	locus					2115:2119	putative CPS locus	2102:2119	putative CPS locus	2102:2119	Analysis of these genes identified one type of putative CPS locus within all A. sanguinicola strains.
28943151	13	93	theme	genetic	2261:2267	arg1	content					2269:2275	genetic content	2261:2275	genetic content	2261:2275	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	4	94	theme	whereof	907:913	arg1	1170					915:918	whereof 1170	907:918	whereof 1170	907:918	A. sanguinicola genome sizes were 2.06-2.12 Mb with 47.4-47.6% GC-contents, and 1783-1905 genes were predicted whereof 1170 were core-genes.
28943151	6	95	theme	proteome	1225:1232	arg1	conservations					1234:1246	proteome conservations	1225:1246	proteome conservations	1225:1246	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	6	96	theme	loci	1315:1318	arg1	sequences					1320:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	5	97	theme	which	1054:1058	arg1	genes					1045:1049	1708-2256 genes	1035:1049	1708-2256 genes of which	1035:1058	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	3	98	theme	UTIs	627:630	arg1	episodes					615:622	episodes	615:622	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	615:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	0	99	from	sanguinicola	103:114	arg1	characterization					8:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization	0:23	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	99	from	sanguinicola	103:114	arg1	analysis					39:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	99	from	sanguinicola	103:114	arg1	identification					53:66	identification	53:66	identification	53:66	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	6	100	theme	core-genes	1213:1222	arg1	sequences					1320:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1213:1328	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	10	101	dep	A. sanguinicola	1843:1857	arg1	fbpA					1866:1869	fbpA	1866:1869	fbpA	1866:1869	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	101	dep	A. sanguinicola	1843:1857	arg1	htpB					1860:1863	htpB	1860:1863	htpB	1860:1863	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	101	dep	A. sanguinicola	1843:1857	arg1	lmb					1872:1874	lmb	1872:1874	lmb	1872:1874	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	101	dep	A. sanguinicola	1843:1857	arg1	ilpA					1881:1884	ilpA	1881:1884	ilpA	1881:1884	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	0	102	theme	virulence	71:79	arg1	factors					81:87	virulence factors	71:87	virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae	71:136	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	11	103	theme	gene	1958:1961	arg1	homologs					1963:1970	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs	1936:1970	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs	1936:1970	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs were identified in genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains, respectively.
28943151	13	104	theme	structural	2282:2291	arg1	organization					2293:2304	structural organization	2282:2304	structural organization	2282:2304	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	13	105	theme	CPS	2244:2246	arg1	sizes					2254:2258	CPS locus sizes	2244:2258	CPS locus sizes	2244:2258	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	10	106	from	present	1821:1827	arg1	genomes					1832:1838	genomes	1832:1838	genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA)	1832:1933	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	0	107	dep	strains	138:144	arg1	isolated					146:153	isolated	146:153	strains isolated from infection episodes	138:177	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	10	108	from	genomes	1832:1838	arg1	present					1821:1827	present	1821:1827	present	1821:1827	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	0	109	from	characterization	8:23	arg1	sanguinicola					103:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	109	from	characterization	8:23	arg1	urinae					131:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	10	110	located	present	1821:1827	arg2	homologs					1807:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	10	110	located	present	1821:1827	arg1	genomes					1832:1838	genomes	1832:1838	genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA)	1832:1933	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	1	111	theme	complicated	370:380	arg1	endocarditis					392:403	complicated infective endocarditis	370:403	complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	370:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	15	112	theme	bacterial	2532:2540	arg1	adherence					2542:2550	bacterial adherence	2532:2550	bacterial adherence	2532:2550	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence were identified and genetic variability was observed within A. urinae genomes.
28943151	9	113	theme	virulence	1564:1572	arg1	genes					1574:1578	virulence genes	1564:1578	virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis	1564:1634	Genes that were homologs to virulence genes associated with bacterial adhesion and antiphagocytosis were identified by aligning A. sanguinicola and A. urinae pan- and core-genes against Virulence Factors of Bacterial Pathogens (VFDB).
28943151	11	114	theme	A. urinae	2022:2030	arg1	genomes					1991:1997	genomes	1991:1997	genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	1991:2038	Fifteen and 11-16 CPS gene homologs were identified in genomes of A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains, respectively.
28943151	0	115	from	identification	53:66	arg1	sanguinicola					103:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Aerococcus sanguinicola	92:114	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	0	115	from	identification	53:66	arg1	urinae					131:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	3	116	from	episodes	615:622	arg1	strains					602:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains	487:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	487:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	0	117	theme	Aerococcus	120:129	arg1	urinae					131:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Aerococcus urinae	120:136	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	1	118	theme	endocarditis	392:403	arg1	agents					293:298	causative agents	283:298	causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	283:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	7	119	theme	A. sanguinicola	1342:1356	arg1	Strains					1331:1337	Strains	1331:1337	Strains of A. sanguinicola	1331:1356	Strains of A. sanguinicola showed high degree of homology.
28943151	14	120	from	episodes	2443:2450	arg1	WGS					2359:2361	WGS	2359:2361	WGS	2359:2361	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	14	120	from	episodes	2443:2450	arg1	genomics					2379:2386	comparative genomics	2367:2386	comparative genomics	2367:2386	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	14	120	from	episodes	2443:2450	arg1	strains					2430:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2391:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2391:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	2	121	theme	Limited	411:417	arg1	knowledge					419:427	Limited knowledge	411:427	Limited knowledge	411:427	Limited knowledge exists concerning the pathogenicity of these two species.
28943151	5	122	theme	A. urinae	948:956	arg1	strains					958:964	A. urinae strains	948:964	A. urinae strains	948:964	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	3	123	attach	isolated	574:581	arg1	2015					596:599	2015	596:599	2015	596:599	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	3	123	attach	isolated	574:581	arg2	A. urinae					563:571	40 clinical A. urinae	551:571	40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015)	551:600	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	15	124	located	observed	2596:2603	arg1	genomes					2622:2628	A. urinae genomes	2612:2628	A. urinae genomes	2612:2628	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence were identified and genetic variability was observed within A. urinae genomes.
28943151	15	124	located	observed	2596:2603	arg2	variability					2580:2590	genetic variability	2572:2590	genetic variability	2572:2590	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence were identified and genetic variability was observed within A. urinae genomes.
28943151	0	125	theme	phylogenetic	26:37	arg1	analysis					39:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	phylogenetic analysis	26:46	Genomic characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and identification of virulence factors in Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae strains isolated from infection episodes.
28943151	1	126	theme	infections	317:326	arg1	agents					293:298	causative agents	283:298	causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	283:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	15	127	theme	Gene	2481:2484	arg1	homologs					2486:2493	Gene homologs	2481:2493	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence	2481:2550	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence were identified and genetic variability was observed within A. urinae genomes.
28943151	16	128	theme	IE	2775:2776	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	3	129	theme	A. sanguinicola	502:516	arg1	strains					602:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains	487:608	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	487:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	16	130	theme	pathogenicity	2730:2742	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	3	131	theme	bacteremia	633:642	arg1	episodes					615:622	episodes	615:622	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	615:650	Eight clinical A. sanguinicola (isolated from 2009 to 2015) and 40 clinical A. urinae (isolated from 1984 to 2015) strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to analyze genomic diversity and characterization of virulence genes involved in the bacterial pathogenicity.
28943151	13	132	theme	loci	2198:2201	arg1	types					2203:2207	five different CPS loci types	2179:2207	five different CPS loci types	2179:2207	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
28943151	8	133	theme	A. urinae	1426:1434	arg1	strains					1436:1442	the 40 A. urinae strains	1419:1442	the 40 A. urinae strains	1419:1442	Phylogenetic analyses showed the 40 A. urinae strains formed two clusters according to two time periods: 1984-2004 strains and 2010-2015 strains.
28943151	14	134	theme	A. urinae	2420:2428	arg1	strains					2430:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2391:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2391:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	1	135	theme	sepsis	345:350	arg1	agents					293:298	causative agents	283:298	causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE)	283:408	Aerococcus sanguinicola and Aerococcus urinae are emerging pathogens in clinical settings mostly being causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs), urogenic sepsis and more seldomly complicated infective endocarditis (IE).
28943151	16	136	dep	A. sanguinicola	2786:2800	arg1	strains					2816:2822	strains	2816:2822	strains	2816:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	14	137	from	genomics	2379:2386	arg1	episodes					2443:2450	episodes	2443:2450	episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2443:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	14	138	theme	A. sanguinicola	2400:2414	arg1	strains					2430:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2391:2436	clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE	2391:2478	In conclusion, this is the first study dealing with WGS and comparative genomics of clinical A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains from episodes of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE.
28943151	15	139	theme	genetic	2572:2578	arg1	variability					2580:2590	genetic variability	2572:2590	genetic variability	2572:2590	Gene homologs associated with antiphagocytosis and bacterial adherence were identified and genetic variability was observed within A. urinae genomes.
28943151	5	140	theme	%	1016:1016	arg1	GC-contents					1018:1028	41.6-42.6% GC-contents	1007:1028	41.6-42.6% GC-contents	1007:1028	In case of A. urinae strains, the genome sizes were 1.93-2.44 Mb with 41.6-42.6% GC-contents, and 1708-2256 genes of which 907 were core-genes.
28943151	6	141	theme	A. urinae	1121:1129	arg1	strains					1131:1137	A. urinae strains	1121:1137	A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences	1121:1328	Marked differences were observed within A. urinae strains with respect to the average genome sizes, number and sequence identity of core-genes, proteome conservations, phylogenetic analysis, and putative capsular polysaccharide (CPS) loci sequences.
28943151	16	142	theme	experimental	2717:2728	arg1	study					2744:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study	2696:2748	future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains	2696:2822	These findings contribute with important knowledge and basis for future molecular and experimental pathogenicity study of UTIs, bacteremia, and IE causing A. sanguinicola and A. urinae strains.
28943151	4	143	theme	genome	812:817	arg1	sizes					819:823	A. sanguinicola genome sizes	796:823	A. sanguinicola genome sizes	796:823	A. sanguinicola genome sizes were 2.06-2.12 Mb with 47.4-47.6% GC-contents, and 1783-1905 genes were predicted whereof 1170 were core-genes.
28943151	10	144	theme	associated	1791:1800	arg1	homologs					1807:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs	1771:1814	Bacterial adherence associated gene homologs were present in genomes of A. sanguinicola (htpB, fbpA, lmb, and ilpA) and A. urinae (htpB, lap, lmb, fbp54, and ilpA).
28943151	13	145	theme	different	2184:2192	arg1	types					2203:2207	five different CPS loci types	2179:2207	five different CPS loci types	2179:2207	In A. urinae genomes, five different CPS loci types were identified with variations in CPS locus sizes, genetic content, and structural organization.
25209441	8	0	theme	Extracellular	998:1010	arg1	production					1019:1028	Extracellular matrix production	998:1028	Extracellular matrix production	998:1028	Extracellular matrix production was evaluated by Alcian blue staining.
25209441	11	1	theme	4-O-monosulfated	1414:1429	arg1	disaccharides					1431:1443	4-O-monosulfated disaccharides	1414:1443	4-O-monosulfated disaccharides	1414:1443	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells were 4-O-monosulfated disaccharides throughout chondrogenic differentiation.
25209441	7	2	theme	4-nitrophenyl	915:927	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium					951:965	2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium	884:965	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	6	3	dep	added	815:819	arg1	sulfated					832:839	sulfated	832:839	sulfated	832:839	ATDC5 cells were cultured with exogenously added, variously sulfated CS.
25209441	15	4	theme	chondrogenic	1924:1935	arg1	aggrecan					1954:1961	aggrecan	1954:1961	aggrecan	1954:1961	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	15	4	theme	chondrogenic	1924:1935	arg1	sox9					1968:1971	sox9	1968:1971	sox9	1968:1971	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	15	4	theme	chondrogenic	1924:1935	arg1	col2a1					1946:1951	col2a1	1946:1951	col2a1	1946:1951	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	15	4	theme	chondrogenic	1924:1935	arg1	markers					1937:1943	all chondrogenic markers	1920:1943	all chondrogenic markers	1920:1943	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	4	5	from	effects	494:500	arg1	differentiation					554:568	chondrogenic differentiation	541:568	chondrogenic differentiation	541:568	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	2	6	theme	sulfated	289:296	arg1	disaccharides					308:320	variously sulfated repeating disaccharides	279:320	variously sulfated repeating disaccharides	279:320	CS is a linear polysaccharide consisting of variously sulfated repeating disaccharides.
25209441	7	7	theme	-3-	911:913	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium					951:965	2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium	884:965	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	9	8	theme	assay	1132:1136	arg1	kit					1138:1140	an ALP assay kit	1125:1140	an ALP assay kit	1125:1140	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated using an ALP assay kit.
25209441	1	9	used	used	149:152	arg2	sulfate					127:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate	104:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS)	104:138	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	9	used	used	149:152	arg2	modulator					211:219	a positive modulator	200:219	a positive modulator of scaffolds	200:232	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	9	used	used	149:152	arg2	CS					136:137	CS	136:137	CS	136:137	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	17	10	theme	CONCLUSIONS	2121:2131	arg1	cells					2139:2143	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells	2121:2143	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells	2121:2143	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells produced four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides in their extracellular matrices.
25209441	7	11	theme	2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl	887:909	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium					951:965	2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium	884:965	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	1	12	theme	engineering	174:184	arg1	techniques					186:195	cartilage tissue engineering techniques	157:195	cartilage tissue engineering techniques	157:195	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	12	13	theme	4,6-O-disulfated	1505:1520	arg1	disaccharides					1522:1534	4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1505:1534	4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1505:1534	Low proportions of 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides were also detected.
25209441	8	14	theme	Alcian	1047:1052	arg1	staining					1059:1066	Alcian blue staining	1047:1066	Alcian blue staining	1047:1066	Extracellular matrix production was evaluated by Alcian blue staining.
25209441	11	15	theme	CS	1382:1383	arg1	components					1368:1377	The major components	1358:1377	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells	1350:1407	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells were 4-O-monosulfated disaccharides throughout chondrogenic differentiation.
25209441	5	16	theme	ATDC5	667:671	arg1	cells					673:677	ATDC5 cells	667:677	ATDC5 cells	667:677	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	13	17	theme	viable	1647:1652	arg1	cells					1654:1658	fewer viable cells	1641:1658	fewer viable cells	1641:1658	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	5	18	theme	liquid	749:754	arg1	chromatography					756:769	high-performance liquid chromatography	732:769	high-performance liquid chromatography	732:769	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	14	19	theme	dose-dependent	1788:1801	arg1	manner					1803:1808	a dose-dependent manner	1786:1808	a dose-dependent manner	1786:1808	CS-E significantly enhanced Alcian blue staining in a dose-dependent manner and decreased ALP activity after 21 days of culture.
25209441	1	20	theme	positive	202:209	arg1	modulator					211:219	a positive modulator	200:219	a positive modulator of scaffolds	200:232	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	20	theme	positive	202:209	arg1	sulfate					127:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate	104:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS)	104:138	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	18	21	theme	sulfation	2247:2255	arg1	patterns					2257:2264	The sulfation patterns	2243:2264	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS	2243:2288	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS affected chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	17	22	theme	monosulfated	2169:2180	arg1	disaccharides					2196:2208	four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides	2154:2208	four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides	2154:2208	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells produced four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides in their extracellular matrices.
25209441	13	23	theme	WST-8	1619:1623	arg1	assay					1625:1629	the WST-8 assay	1615:1629	the WST-8 assay	1615:1629	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	14	24	theme	blue	1769:1772	arg1	staining					1774:1781	Alcian blue staining	1762:1781	Alcian blue staining	1762:1781	CS-E significantly enhanced Alcian blue staining in a dose-dependent manner and decreased ALP activity after 21 days of culture.
25209441	20	25	theme	tissue	2588:2593	arg1	engineering					2595:2605	cartilage tissue engineering	2578:2605	cartilage tissue engineering	2578:2605	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	18	26	theme	added	2281:2285	arg1	CS					2287:2288	exogenously added CS	2269:2288	exogenously added CS	2269:2288	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS affected chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	9	27	theme	phosphatase	1078:1088	arg1	activity					1096:1103	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1069:1103	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1069:1103	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated using an ALP assay kit.
25209441	20	28	theme	cartilage	2578:2586	arg1	engineering					2595:2605	cartilage tissue engineering	2578:2605	cartilage tissue engineering	2578:2605	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	3	29	theme	CS	349:350	arg1	related					364:370	related	364:370	related	364:370	The sulfation patterns of CS are closely related to their biological functions, but only monosulfated CS has been applied to scaffolds.
25209441	3	29	theme	CS	349:350	arg1	patterns					337:344	The sulfation patterns	323:344	The sulfation patterns of CS	323:350	The sulfation patterns of CS are closely related to their biological functions, but only monosulfated CS has been applied to scaffolds.
25209441	10	30	theme	enzyme-linked	1268:1280	arg1	assay					1296:1300	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1265:1300	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	1265:1308	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	30	theme	enzyme-linked	1268:1280	arg1	ELISA					1303:1307	ELISA	1303:1307	ELISA	1303:1307	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	5	31	theme	differentiation	690:704	arg1	steps					706:710	various differentiation steps	682:710	various differentiation steps	682:710	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	10	32	theme	markers	1170:1176	arg1	Expression					1143:1152	Expression	1143:1152	Expression of chondrogenic markers	1143:1176	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	0	33	theme	ATDC5	91:95	arg1	cells					97:101	ATDC5 cells	91:101	ATDC5 cells	91:101	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	20	34	theme	useful	2520:2525	arg1	component					2536:2544	a useful scaffold component	2518:2544	a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering	2518:2605	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	20	34	theme	useful	2520:2525	arg1	CS					2471:2472	CS	2471:2472	CS containing this disulfated structure	2471:2509	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	5	35	theme	Disaccharide	615:626	arg1	analysis					640:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis	607:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps	607:710	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	1	36	theme	cartilage	157:165	arg1	techniques					186:195	cartilage tissue engineering techniques	157:195	cartilage tissue engineering techniques	157:195	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	4	37	theme	various	505:511	arg1	patterns					523:530	various sulfation patterns	505:530	various sulfation patterns of CS	505:536	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	10	38	theme	Collagen	1326:1333	arg1	kit					1345:1347	a Type II Collagen Detection kit	1316:1347	a Type II Collagen Detection kit	1316:1347	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	13	39	from	disaccharides	1719:1731	arg1	rich					1694:1697	rich	1694:1697	rich	1694:1697	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	7	40	theme	WST-8	984:988	arg1	assay					991:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	16	41	theme	ELISA	2027:2031	arg1	analysis					2033:2040	ELISA analysis	2027:2040	ELISA analysis	2027:2040	The results of ELISA analysis confirmed that CS-E significantly enhanced the production of type II collagen.
25209441	15	42	dep	day	1984:1986	arg1	either					1974:1979	either	1974:1979	either	1974:1979	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	10	43	theme	Type	1318:1321	arg1	Collagen					1326:1333	a Type II Collagen	1316:1333	a Type II Collagen Detection kit	1316:1347	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	0	44	theme	Sulfation	0:8	arg1	patterns					10:17	Sulfation patterns	0:17	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate	0:50	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	7	45	theme	salt	978:981	arg1	assay					991:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	1	46	theme	BACKGROUND	104:113	arg1	modulator					211:219	a positive modulator	200:219	a positive modulator of scaffolds	200:232	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	46	theme	BACKGROUND	104:113	arg1	CS					136:137	CS	136:137	CS	136:137	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	46	theme	BACKGROUND	104:113	arg1	sulfate					127:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate	104:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS)	104:138	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	3	47	theme	biological	381:390	arg1	functions					392:400	their biological functions	375:400	their biological functions	375:400	The sulfation patterns of CS are closely related to their biological functions, but only monosulfated CS has been applied to scaffolds.
25209441	4	48	theme	chondrogenic	541:552	arg1	differentiation					554:568	chondrogenic differentiation	541:568	chondrogenic differentiation	541:568	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	13	49	theme	4,6-O-disulfated	1702:1717	arg1	disaccharides					1719:1731	4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1702:1731	4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1702:1731	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	15	50	theme	Real-time	1863:1871	arg1	RT-PCR					1873:1878	Real-time RT-PCR	1863:1878	Real-time RT-PCR	1863:1878	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	7	51	theme	Cell	845:848	arg1	proliferation					850:862	Cell proliferation	845:862	Cell proliferation	845:862	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	12	52	theme	Low	1486:1488	arg1	proportions					1490:1500	Low proportions	1486:1500	Low proportions of 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1486:1534	Low proportions of 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides were also detected.
25209441	17	53	theme	disulfated	2185:2194	arg1	disaccharides					2196:2208	four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides	2154:2208	four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides	2154:2208	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells produced four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides in their extracellular matrices.
25209441	0	54	theme	chondroitin	32:42	arg1	sulfate					44:50	exogenous chondroitin sulfate	22:50	exogenous chondroitin sulfate	22:50	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	10	55	theme	transcription	1213:1225	arg1	reaction					1244:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1195:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1195:1260	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	55	theme	transcription	1213:1225	arg1	RT-PCR					1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	11	56	dep	RESULTS	1350:1356	arg1	components					1368:1377	The major components	1358:1377	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells	1350:1407	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells were 4-O-monosulfated disaccharides throughout chondrogenic differentiation.
25209441	4	57	theme	patterns	523:530	arg1	effects					494:500	the effects	490:500	the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation	490:568	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	6	58	theme	added	815:819	arg1	CS					841:842	exogenously added, variously sulfated CS	803:842	exogenously added, variously sulfated CS	803:842	ATDC5 cells were cultured with exogenously added, variously sulfated CS.
25209441	10	59	theme	real-time	1195:1203	arg1	reaction					1244:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1195:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1195:1260	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	59	theme	real-time	1195:1203	arg1	RT-PCR					1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	18	60	theme	ATDC5	2331:2335	arg1	cells					2337:2341	ATDC5 cells	2331:2341	ATDC5 cells	2331:2341	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS affected chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	4	61	theme	CS	535:536	arg1	patterns					523:530	various sulfation patterns	505:530	various sulfation patterns of CS	505:536	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	17	62	theme	extracellular	2219:2231	arg1	matrices					2233:2240	their extracellular matrices	2213:2240	their extracellular matrices	2213:2240	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells produced four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides in their extracellular matrices.
25209441	7	63	theme	monosodium	967:976	arg1	assay					991:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	1	64	theme	scaffolds	224:232	arg1	modulator					211:219	a positive modulator	200:219	a positive modulator of scaffolds	200:232	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	64	theme	scaffolds	224:232	arg1	sulfate					127:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate	104:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS)	104:138	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	20	65	contain	containing	2474:2483	arg2	structure					2501:2509	this disulfated structure	2485:2509	this disulfated structure	2485:2509	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	20	65	contain	containing	2474:2483	arg1	component					2536:2544	a useful scaffold component	2518:2544	a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering	2518:2605	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	20	65	contain	containing	2474:2483	arg1	CS					2471:2472	CS	2471:2472	CS containing this disulfated structure	2471:2509	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	17	66	theme	ATDC5	2133:2137	arg1	cells					2139:2143	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells	2121:2143	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells	2121:2143	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells produced four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides in their extracellular matrices.
25209441	10	67	theme	chain	1238:1242	arg1	reaction					1244:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1195:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1195:1260	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	67	theme	chain	1238:1242	arg1	RT-PCR					1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	8	68	theme	matrix	1012:1017	arg1	production					1019:1028	Extracellular matrix production	998:1028	Extracellular matrix production	998:1028	Extracellular matrix production was evaluated by Alcian blue staining.
25209441	19	69	from	rich	2364:2367	arg1	disaccharides					2383:2395	disulfated disaccharides	2372:2395	disulfated disaccharides	2372:2395	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	20	70	from	chondrogenesis	2560:2573	arg1	engineering					2595:2605	cartilage tissue engineering	2578:2605	cartilage tissue engineering	2578:2605	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	6	71	theme	ATDC5	772:776	arg1	cells					778:782	ATDC5 cells	772:782	ATDC5 cells	772:782	ATDC5 cells were cultured with exogenously added, variously sulfated CS.
25209441	14	72	theme	ALP	1824:1826	arg1	activity					1828:1835	ALP activity	1824:1835	ALP activity	1824:1835	CS-E significantly enhanced Alcian blue staining in a dose-dependent manner and decreased ALP activity after 21 days of culture.
25209441	4	73	theme	chondroprogenitor	582:598	arg1	cells					600:604	ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells	576:604	ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells	576:604	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	5	74	theme	various	682:688	arg1	steps					706:710	various differentiation steps	682:710	various differentiation steps	682:710	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	2	75	theme	repeating	298:306	arg1	disaccharides					308:320	variously sulfated repeating disaccharides	279:320	variously sulfated repeating disaccharides	279:320	CS is a linear polysaccharide consisting of variously sulfated repeating disaccharides.
25209441	11	76	theme	chondrogenic	1456:1467	arg1	differentiation					1469:1483	chondrogenic differentiation	1456:1483	chondrogenic differentiation	1456:1483	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells were 4-O-monosulfated disaccharides throughout chondrogenic differentiation.
25209441	19	77	from	disaccharides	2383:2395	arg1	rich					2364:2367	rich	2364:2367	rich	2364:2367	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	5	78	theme	CS	652:653	arg1	analysis					640:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis	607:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps	607:710	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	1	79	theme	tissue	167:172	arg1	techniques					186:195	cartilage tissue engineering techniques	157:195	cartilage tissue engineering techniques	157:195	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	12	80	theme	disaccharides	1522:1534	arg1	proportions					1490:1500	Low proportions	1486:1500	Low proportions of 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1486:1534	Low proportions of 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides were also detected.
25209441	8	81	theme	blue	1054:1057	arg1	staining					1059:1066	Alcian blue staining	1047:1066	Alcian blue staining	1047:1066	Extracellular matrix production was evaluated by Alcian blue staining.
25209441	14	82	theme	culture	1854:1860	arg1	days					1846:1849	21 days	1843:1849	21 days of culture	1843:1860	CS-E significantly enhanced Alcian blue staining in a dose-dependent manner and decreased ALP activity after 21 days of culture.
25209441	13	83	theme	fewer	1641:1645	arg1	cells					1654:1658	fewer viable cells	1641:1658	fewer viable cells	1641:1658	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	11	84	theme	major	1362:1366	arg1	components					1368:1377	The major components	1358:1377	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells	1350:1407	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells were 4-O-monosulfated disaccharides throughout chondrogenic differentiation.
25209441	5	85	theme	high-performance	732:747	arg1	chromatography					756:769	high-performance liquid chromatography	732:769	high-performance liquid chromatography	732:769	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	17	86	theme	different	2159:2167	arg1	disaccharides					2196:2208	four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides	2154:2208	four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides	2154:2208	CONCLUSIONS ATDC5 cells produced four different monosulfated or disulfated disaccharides in their extracellular matrices.
25209441	11	87	theme	ATDC5	1397:1401	arg1	cells					1403:1407	ATDC5 cells	1397:1407	ATDC5 cells	1397:1407	RESULTS The major components of CS produced by ATDC5 cells were 4-O-monosulfated disaccharides throughout chondrogenic differentiation.
25209441	19	88	theme	ATDC5	2452:2456	arg1	cells					2458:2462	ATDC5 cells	2452:2462	ATDC5 cells	2452:2462	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	18	89	theme	chondrogenic	2299:2310	arg1	differentiation					2312:2326	chondrogenic differentiation	2299:2326	chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells	2299:2341	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS affected chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	18	90	theme	CS	2287:2288	arg1	patterns					2257:2264	The sulfation patterns	2243:2264	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS	2243:2288	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS affected chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	3	91	theme	sulfation	327:335	arg1	related					364:370	related	364:370	related	364:370	The sulfation patterns of CS are closely related to their biological functions, but only monosulfated CS has been applied to scaffolds.
25209441	3	91	theme	sulfation	327:335	arg1	patterns					337:344	The sulfation patterns	323:344	The sulfation patterns of CS	323:350	The sulfation patterns of CS are closely related to their biological functions, but only monosulfated CS has been applied to scaffolds.
25209441	9	92	theme	Alkaline	1069:1076	arg1	ALP					1091:1093	ALP	1091:1093	ALP	1091:1093	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated using an ALP assay kit.
25209441	9	92	theme	Alkaline	1069:1076	arg1	phosphatase					1078:1088	Alkaline phosphatase	1069:1088	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1069:1103	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated using an ALP assay kit.
25209441	14	93	theme	Alcian	1762:1767	arg1	staining					1774:1781	Alcian blue staining	1762:1781	Alcian blue staining	1762:1781	CS-E significantly enhanced Alcian blue staining in a dose-dependent manner and decreased ALP activity after 21 days of culture.
25209441	19	94	theme	disulfated	2372:2381	arg1	disaccharides					2383:2395	disulfated disaccharides	2372:2395	disulfated disaccharides	2372:2395	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	10	95	theme	immunosorbent	1282:1294	arg1	assay					1296:1300	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1265:1300	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	1265:1308	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	95	theme	immunosorbent	1282:1294	arg1	ELISA					1303:1307	ELISA	1303:1307	ELISA	1303:1307	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	2	96	theme	linear	243:248	arg1	CS					235:236	CS	235:236	CS	235:236	CS is a linear polysaccharide consisting of variously sulfated repeating disaccharides.
25209441	2	96	theme	linear	243:248	arg1	polysaccharide					250:263	a linear polysaccharide	241:263	a linear polysaccharide consisting of variously sulfated repeating disaccharides	241:320	CS is a linear polysaccharide consisting of variously sulfated repeating disaccharides.
25209441	20	97	theme	scaffold	2527:2534	arg1	component					2536:2544	a useful scaffold component	2518:2544	a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering	2518:2605	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	20	97	theme	scaffold	2527:2534	arg1	CS					2471:2472	CS	2471:2472	CS containing this disulfated structure	2471:2509	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	19	98	theme	cells	2458:2462	arg1	differentiation					2433:2447	chondrogenic differentiation	2420:2447	chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells	2420:2462	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	13	99	from	rich	1694:1697	arg1	disaccharides					1719:1731	4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1702:1731	4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides	1702:1731	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	0	100	theme	cells	97:101	arg1	differentiation					72:86	chondrogenic differentiation	59:86	chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells	59:101	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	4	101	theme	sulfation	513:521	arg1	patterns					523:530	various sulfation patterns	505:530	various sulfation patterns of CS	505:536	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	10	102	link	enzyme-linked	1268:1280	arg1	assay					1296:1300	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1265:1300	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	1265:1308	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	102	link	enzyme-linked	1268:1280	arg1	ELISA					1303:1307	ELISA	1303:1307	ELISA	1303:1307	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	5	103	theme	composition	628:638	arg1	analysis					640:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis	607:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps	607:710	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	15	104	theme	culture	2003:2009	arg1	day					1993:1995	day 14	1993:1998	day 14	1993:1998	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	15	104	theme	culture	2003:2009	arg1	day					1984:1986	day 4	1984:1988	day 4	1984:1988	Real-time RT-PCR showed that CS-E significantly enhanced all chondrogenic markers, col2a1, aggrecan, and sox9, either at day 4 or day 14 of culture.
25209441	10	105	theme	Detection	1335:1343	arg1	kit					1345:1347	a Type II Collagen Detection kit	1316:1347	a Type II Collagen Detection kit	1316:1347	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	13	106	contain	contain	1601:1607	arg1	group					1580:1584	the control group	1568:1584	the control group	1568:1584	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	13	106	contain	contain	1601:1607	arg2	GAGs					1609:1612	GAGs	1609:1612	GAGs	1609:1612	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	19	107	theme	rich	2364:2367	arg1	CS-E					2359:2362	CS-E	2359:2362	CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides	2359:2395	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	16	108	theme	analysis	2033:2040	arg1	results					2016:2022	The results	2012:2022	The results of ELISA analysis	2012:2040	The results of ELISA analysis confirmed that CS-E significantly enhanced the production of type II collagen.
25209441	9	109	theme	ALP	1128:1130	arg1	kit					1138:1140	an ALP assay kit	1125:1140	an ALP assay kit	1125:1140	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated using an ALP assay kit.
25209441	20	110	theme	disulfated	2490:2499	arg1	structure					2501:2509	this disulfated structure	2485:2509	this disulfated structure	2485:2509	Thus, CS containing this disulfated structure may be a useful scaffold component for enhancing chondrogenesis in cartilage tissue engineering.
25209441	19	111	theme	chondrogenic	2420:2431	arg1	differentiation					2433:2447	chondrogenic differentiation	2420:2447	chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells	2420:2462	In particular, CS-E rich in disulfated disaccharides significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	0	112	theme	exogenous	22:30	arg1	sulfate					44:50	exogenous chondroitin sulfate	22:50	exogenous chondroitin sulfate	22:50	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	5	113	theme	METHODS	607:613	arg1	analysis					640:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis	607:647	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps	607:710	METHODS Disaccharide composition analysis of CS produced by ATDC5 cells at various differentiation steps was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
25209441	1	114	theme	Chondroitin	115:125	arg1	modulator					211:219	a positive modulator	200:219	a positive modulator of scaffolds	200:232	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	114	theme	Chondroitin	115:125	arg1	CS					136:137	CS	136:137	CS	136:137	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	1	114	theme	Chondroitin	115:125	arg1	sulfate					127:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate	104:133	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS)	104:138	BACKGROUND Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has been used in cartilage tissue engineering techniques as a positive modulator of scaffolds.
25209441	4	115	theme	ATDC5	576:580	arg1	cells					600:604	ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells	576:604	ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells	576:604	In this study, we investigated the effects of various sulfation patterns of CS on chondrogenic differentiation using ATDC5 chondroprogenitor cells.
25209441	0	116	theme	sulfate	44:50	arg1	patterns					10:17	Sulfation patterns	0:17	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate	0:50	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	10	117	theme	chondrogenic	1157:1168	arg1	markers					1170:1176	chondrogenic markers	1157:1176	chondrogenic markers	1157:1176	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	13	118	theme	control	1572:1578	arg1	group					1580:1584	the control group	1568:1584	the control group	1568:1584	Compared to the control group, which did not contain GAGs, the WST-8 assay indicated fewer viable cells when treated with CS-E, which are rich in 4,6-O-disulfated disaccharides.
25209441	0	119	theme	chondrogenic	59:70	arg1	differentiation					72:86	chondrogenic differentiation	59:86	chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells	59:101	Sulfation patterns of exogenous chondroitin sulfate affect chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	10	120	theme	reverse	1205:1211	arg1	reaction					1244:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1195:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1195:1260	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	120	theme	reverse	1205:1211	arg1	RT-PCR					1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	18	121	theme	cells	2337:2341	arg1	differentiation					2312:2326	chondrogenic differentiation	2299:2326	chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells	2299:2341	The sulfation patterns of exogenously added CS affected chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells.
25209441	3	122	theme	monosulfated	412:423	arg1	CS					425:426	only monosulfated CS	407:426	only monosulfated CS	407:426	The sulfation patterns of CS are closely related to their biological functions, but only monosulfated CS has been applied to scaffolds.
25209441	16	123	theme	type	2103:2106	arg1	collagen					2111:2118	type II collagen	2103:2118	type II collagen	2103:2118	The results of ELISA analysis confirmed that CS-E significantly enhanced the production of type II collagen.
25209441	7	124	theme	-2H-tetrazolium	951:965	arg1	assay					991:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	16	125	theme	collagen	2111:2118	arg1	production					2089:2098	the production	2085:2098	the production of type II collagen	2085:2118	The results of ELISA analysis confirmed that CS-E significantly enhanced the production of type II collagen.
25209441	7	126	theme	2,4-disulfophenyl	933:949	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium					951:965	2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium	884:965	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	7	127	theme	-5-	929:931	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium					951:965	2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium	884:965	the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay	880:995	Cell proliferation was analyzed by the 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt (WST-8) assay.
25209441	10	128	theme	polymerase	1227:1236	arg1	reaction					1244:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1195:1251	real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1195:1260	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
25209441	10	128	theme	polymerase	1227:1236	arg1	RT-PCR					1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	RT-PCR	1254:1259	Expression of chondrogenic markers was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a Type II Collagen Detection kit.
27372261	4	0	theme	equilibrium	680:690	arg1	state					692:696	an equilibrium state	677:696	an equilibrium state	677:696	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	10	1	theme	synthesized	1335:1345	arg1	sorbent					1347:1353	the synthesized sorbent	1331:1353	the synthesized sorbent	1331:1353	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	10	1	theme	synthesized	1335:1345	arg1	useful					1364:1369	useful	1364:1369	useful	1364:1369	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	4	2	theme	sorption	623:630	arg1	process					632:638	The sorption process	619:638	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II)	619:667	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	8	3	theme	pseudo	1186:1191	arg1	kinetics					1206:1213	pseudo second order kinetics	1186:1213	pseudo second order kinetics	1186:1213	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II) followed pseudo second order kinetics.
27372261	10	4	theme	contaminants	1429:1440	arg1	removal					1392:1398	the simultaneous removal	1375:1398	the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters	1375:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	6	5	theme	sorption	941:948	arg1	capacity					950:957	the sorption capacity	937:957	the sorption capacity of As(V)	937:966	In the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II), the sorption capacity of As(V) increased from 1.5 to 3.8 mg g(-1) after 240 h.
27372261	3	6	theme	sorbate	461:467	arg1	systems					469:475	single and binary sorbate systems	443:475	single and binary sorbate systems	443:475	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	2	7	theme	X-ray	386:390	arg1	analysis					398:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	10	8	theme	cationic	1420:1427	arg1	contaminants					1429:1440	both anionic and cationic contaminants	1403:1440	both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters	1403:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	0	9	from	Adsorption	0:9	arg1	beads					80:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads	43:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase	43:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	2	10	theme	dispersive	375:384	arg1	analysis					398:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	8	11	theme	order	1200:1204	arg1	kinetics					1206:1213	pseudo second order kinetics	1186:1213	pseudo second order kinetics	1186:1213	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II) followed pseudo second order kinetics.
27372261	10	12	from	wastewaters	1447:1457	arg1	removal					1392:1398	the simultaneous removal	1375:1398	the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters	1375:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	10	12	from	wastewaters	1447:1457	arg1	contaminants					1429:1440	both anionic and cationic contaminants	1403:1440	both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters	1403:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	4	13	theme	sorption	748:755	arg1	capacities					757:766	maximum sorption capacities	740:766	maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively	740:813	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	1	14	theme	arsenate	156:163	arg1	[As					165:167	arsenate [As	156:167	arsenate [As(V)]	156:171	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	0	15	theme	Cu	33:34	arg1	Adsorption					0:9	Adsorption	0:9	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.	0:102	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	2	16	theme	energy	368:373	arg1	analysis					398:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	3	17	theme	ZOAB	584:587	arg1	performance					569:579	the adsorption performance	554:579	the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3)	554:601	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	1	18	theme	aqueous	199:205	arg1	phase					207:211	aqueous phase	199:211	aqueous phase	199:211	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	2	19	dep	Zr-34.0	318:324	arg1	Ca-1.0					343:348	Ca-1.0	343:348	Ca-1.0	343:348	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	2	19	dep	Zr-34.0	318:324	arg1	C-21.3					335:340	C-21.3	335:340	C-21.3	335:340	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	2	19	dep	Zr-34.0	318:324	arg1	O-32.7					327:332	O-32.7	327:332	O-32.7	327:332	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	8	20	theme	As	1159:1160	arg1	adsorption					1136:1145	The adsorption	1132:1145	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II)	1132:1175	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II) followed pseudo second order kinetics.
27372261	4	21	dep	/As	651:653	arg1	III					647:649	III	647:649	III	647:649	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	9	22	theme	arsenic	1230:1236	arg1	species					1238:1244	arsenic species	1230:1244	arsenic species	1230:1244	The effect of arsenic species on Cu(II) sorption was insignificant.
27372261	6	23	theme	Cu	929:930	arg1	presence					903:910	the presence	899:910	the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II)	899:934	In the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II), the sorption capacity of As(V) increased from 1.5 to 3.8 mg g(-1) after 240 h.
27372261	5	24	theme	As	857:858	arg1	sorption					863:870	As(V) sorption	857:870	As(V) sorption	857:870	The addition of Cu(II) was favorable for As(V) sorption in contrast to As(III).
27372261	3	25	theme	concentration	529:541	arg1	effects					486:492	the effects	482:492	the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3)	482:601	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	10	26	theme	present	1299:1305	arg1	study					1307:1311	present study	1299:1311	present study	1299:1311	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	5	27	theme	Cu	832:833	arg1	addition					820:827	The addition	816:827	The addition of Cu(II)	816:837	The addition of Cu(II) was favorable for As(V) sorption in contrast to As(III).
27372261	5	27	theme	Cu	832:833	arg1	favorable					843:851	favorable	843:851	favorable	843:851	The addition of Cu(II) was favorable for As(V) sorption in contrast to As(III).
27372261	3	28	theme	contact	497:503	arg1	time					505:508	contact time	497:508	contact time	497:508	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	6	29	theme	As	962:963	arg1	capacity					950:957	the sorption capacity	937:957	the sorption capacity of As(V)	937:966	In the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II), the sorption capacity of As(V) increased from 1.5 to 3.8 mg g(-1) after 240 h.
27372261	3	30	from	effects	486:492	arg1	performance					569:579	the adsorption performance	554:579	the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3)	554:601	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	3	31	theme	initial	511:517	arg1	concentration					529:541	initial adsorbate concentration	511:541	initial adsorbate concentration	511:541	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	2	32	theme	EDX	393:395	arg1	analysis					398:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis	368:405	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	10	33	from	removal	1392:1398	arg1	wastewaters					1447:1457	wastewaters	1447:1457	wastewaters	1447:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	3	34	theme	adsorbate	519:527	arg1	concentration					529:541	initial adsorbate concentration	511:541	initial adsorbate concentration	511:541	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	0	35	theme	zirconium	43:51	arg1	beads					80:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads	43:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase	43:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	10	36	theme	study	1307:1311	arg1	results					1288:1294	The results	1284:1294	The results of present study	1284:1311	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	1	37	theme	adsorbent	116:124	arg1	composite					106:114	A composite	104:114	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase	104:211	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	0	38	theme	As	14:15	arg1	Adsorption					0:9	Adsorption	0:9	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.	0:102	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	3	39	theme	time	505:508	arg1	effects					486:492	the effects	482:492	the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3)	482:601	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	2	40	theme	wt	304:305	arg1	composition					291:301	The composition	287:301	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0)	287:349	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	2	40	theme	wt	304:305	arg1	%					306:306	wt%	304:306	wt%	304:306	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	7	41	theme	Langmuir	1092:1099	arg1	models					1110:1115	the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models	1073:1115	models	1110:1115	The sorption data for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) conformed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively.
27372261	0	42	theme	immobilized	59:69	arg1	beads					80:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads	43:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase	43:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	10	43	theme	anionic	1408:1414	arg1	contaminants					1429:1440	both anionic and cationic contaminants	1403:1440	both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters	1403:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	8	44	theme	As	1150:1151	arg1	adsorption					1136:1145	The adsorption	1132:1145	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II)	1132:1175	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II) followed pseudo second order kinetics.
27372261	4	45	theme	69.9 mg g	787:795	arg1	capacities					757:766	maximum sorption capacities	740:766	maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively	740:813	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	0	46	theme	oxide	53:57	arg1	beads					80:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads	43:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase	43:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	1	47	dep	[As	145:147	arg1	III					149:151	III	149:151	III	149:151	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	6	48	dep	3.8 mg g	990:997	arg1	to					987:988	to	987:988	to	987:988	In the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II), the sorption capacity of As(V) increased from 1.5 to 3.8 mg g(-1) after 240 h.
27372261	1	49	theme	arsenite	136:143	arg1	[As					145:147	arsenite [As	136:147	arsenite [As(III)]	136:153	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	0	50	theme	As	23:24	arg1	Adsorption					0:9	Adsorption	0:9	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.	0:102	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	3	51	theme	pH	548:549	arg1	effects					486:492	the effects	482:492	the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3)	482:601	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	1	52	theme	zirconium	245:253	arg1	oxide					255:259	zirconium oxide	245:259	zirconium oxide	245:259	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	2	53	dep	ZOAB	312:315	arg1	Zr-34.0					318:324	Zr-34.0	318:324	Zr-34.0	318:324	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	6	54	theme	48.6 mg L	915:923	arg1	II					932:933	II	932:933	II	932:933	In the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II), the sorption capacity of As(V) increased from 1.5 to 3.8 mg g(-1) after 240 h.
27372261	6	54	theme	48.6 mg L	915:923	arg1	Cu					929:930	48.6 mg L(-1) Cu	915:930	48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II)	915:934	In the presence of 48.6 mg L(-1) Cu(II), the sorption capacity of As(V) increased from 1.5 to 3.8 mg g(-1) after 240 h.
27372261	1	55	theme	copper	178:183	arg1	[Cu					185:187	copper [Cu	178:187	copper [Cu	178:187	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	0	56	theme	alginate	71:78	arg1	beads					80:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads	43:84	zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase	43:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	3	57	theme	binary	454:459	arg1	systems					469:475	single and binary sorbate systems	443:475	single and binary sorbate systems	443:475	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	3	58	theme	Sorption	408:415	arg1	studies					417:423	Sorption studies	408:423	Sorption studies	408:423	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	4	59	theme	32.3	771:774	arg1	capacities					757:766	maximum sorption capacities	740:766	maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively	740:813	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	0	60	theme	aqueous	89:95	arg1	phase					97:101	aqueous phase	89:101	aqueous phase	89:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	1	61	dep	[As	165:167	arg1	V					169:169	V	169:169	V	169:169	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	1	62	dep	remove	129:134	arg1	II					189:190	II	189:190	II	189:190	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	9	63	theme	species	1238:1244	arg1	effect					1220:1225	The effect	1216:1225	The effect of arsenic species on Cu(II) sorption	1216:1263	The effect of arsenic species on Cu(II) sorption was insignificant.
27372261	9	63	theme	species	1238:1244	arg1	insignificant					1269:1281	insignificant	1269:1281	insignificant	1269:1281	The effect of arsenic species on Cu(II) sorption was insignificant.
27372261	8	64	theme	second	1193:1198	arg1	kinetics					1206:1213	pseudo second order kinetics	1186:1213	pseudo second order kinetics	1186:1213	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II) followed pseudo second order kinetics.
27372261	3	65	theme	adsorption	558:567	arg1	performance					569:579	the adsorption performance	554:579	the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3)	554:601	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	7	66	theme	isotherm	1101:1108	arg1	models					1110:1115	the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models	1073:1115	models	1110:1115	The sorption data for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) conformed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively.
27372261	1	67	theme	alginate	264:271	arg1	ZOAB					280:283	ZOAB	280:283	ZOAB	280:283	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	1	67	theme	alginate	264:271	arg1	beads					273:277	alginate beads	264:277	alginate beads (ZOAB)	264:284	A composite adsorbent to remove arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], and copper [Cu(II)] from aqueous phase was synthesized by immobilizing zirconium oxide on alginate beads (ZOAB).
27372261	8	68	theme	Cu	1170:1171	arg1	adsorption					1136:1145	The adsorption	1132:1145	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II)	1132:1175	The adsorption of As(III), As(V), and Cu(II) followed pseudo second order kinetics.
27372261	9	69	from	effect	1220:1225	arg1	sorption					1256:1263	Cu(II) sorption	1249:1263	Cu(II) sorption	1249:1263	The effect of arsenic species on Cu(II) sorption was insignificant.
27372261	4	70	theme	28.5	777:780	arg1	capacities					757:766	maximum sorption capacities	740:766	maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively	740:813	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	5	71	theme	V	860:860	arg1	sorption					863:870	As(V) sorption	857:870	As(V) sorption	857:870	The addition of Cu(II) was favorable for As(V) sorption in contrast to As(III).
27372261	2	72	theme	ZOAB	312:315	arg1	composition					291:301	The composition	287:301	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0)	287:349	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	2	72	theme	ZOAB	312:315	arg1	%					306:306	wt%	304:306	wt%	304:306	The composition (wt%) of ZOAB (Zr-34.0; O-32.7; C-21.3; Ca-1.0) was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.
27372261	3	73	theme	single	443:448	arg1	systems					469:475	single and binary sorbate systems	443:475	single and binary sorbate systems	443:475	Sorption studies were conducted on single and binary sorbate systems, and the effects of contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and pH on the adsorption performance of ZOAB (pHPZC = 4.3) were monitored.
27372261	4	74	theme	As	644:645	arg1	V					655:655	V	655:655	V	655:655	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	4	74	theme	As	644:645	arg1	/As					651:653	As(III)/As(V)	644:656	As(III)/As(V)	644:656	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	9	75	theme	Cu	1249:1250	arg1	sorption					1256:1263	Cu(II) sorption	1249:1263	Cu(II) sorption	1249:1263	The effect of arsenic species on Cu(II) sorption was insignificant.
27372261	5	76	dep	As	887:888	arg1	contrast					875:882	contrast	875:882	contrast	875:882	The addition of Cu(II) was favorable for As(V) sorption in contrast to As(III).
27372261	0	77	from	beads	80:84	arg1	phase					97:101	aqueous phase	89:101	aqueous phase	89:101	Adsorption of As(III), As(V) and Cu(II) on zirconium oxide immobilized alginate beads in aqueous phase.
27372261	10	78	theme	simultaneous	1379:1390	arg1	removal					1392:1398	the simultaneous removal	1375:1398	the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters	1375:1457	The results of present study demonstrated that the synthesized sorbent could be useful for the simultaneous removal of both anionic and cationic contaminants from wastewaters.
27372261	7	79	theme	As	1038:1039	arg1	V					1049:1049	V	1049:1049	V	1049:1049	The sorption data for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) conformed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively.
27372261	7	79	theme	As	1038:1039	arg1	/As					1045:1047	As(III)/As	1038:1047	As(III)/As(V)	1038:1050	The sorption data for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) conformed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively.
27372261	4	80	theme	maximum	740:746	arg1	capacities					757:766	maximum sorption capacities	740:766	maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively	740:813	The sorption process for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) reached an equilibrium state within 240 h and 24 h, respectively, with maximum sorption capacities of 32.3, 28.5, and 69.9 mg g(-1), respectively.
27372261	7	81	theme	sorption	1020:1027	arg1	data					1029:1032	The sorption data	1016:1032	The sorption data for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II)	1016:1061	The sorption data for As(III)/As(V) and Cu(II) conformed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively.
25035870	2	0	theme	ale	460:462	arg1	strain					464:469	an ale strain	457:469	an ale strain	457:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	3	1	theme	greatest	893:900	arg1	dependence					914:923	greatest temperature dependence	893:923	greatest temperature dependence	893:923	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	7	2	theme	membrane	1454:1461	arg1	nature					1428:1433	the nature	1424:1433	the nature of the host plasma membrane	1424:1461	Evidently, the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60) depended on the nature of the host plasma membrane.
25035870	2	3	theme	acid	532:535	arg1	change					537:542	a single amino acid change	517:542	a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain	517:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	4	dep	SbAgt1	576:581	arg1	version					612:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version	584:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain	584:638	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	3	5	theme	highest	872:878	arg1	activity					880:887	the highest activity	868:887	the highest activity	868:887	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	2	6	theme	amino	526:530	arg1	change					537:542	a single amino acid change	517:542	a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain	517:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	1	7	theme	fermentation	243:254	arg1	rates					256:260	fermentation rates	243:260	fermentation rates	243:260	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	0	8	theme	maltose	92:98	arg1	transport					100:108	maltose transport	92:108	maltose transport	92:108	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	2	9	theme	single	519:524	arg1	change					537:542	a single amino acid change	517:542	a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain	517:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	3	10	theme	smallest	818:825	arg1	dependence					839:848	smallest temperature dependence	818:848	smallest temperature dependence	818:848	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	8	11	theme	transport	1520:1528	arg1	activities					1530:1539	transport activities	1520:1539	transport activities	1520:1539	However, no consistent correlation was observed between transport activities and fatty acid or ergosterol compositions.
25035870	5	12	theme	GFP-tagged	1159:1168	arg1	transporter					1182:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter	1159:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1159:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	5	13	theme	A60	1177:1179	arg1	transporter					1182:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter	1159:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1159:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	1	14	theme	brewery	341:347	arg1	fermentations					349:361	brewery fermentations	341:361	brewery fermentations	341:361	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	3	15	theme	temperature	827:837	arg1	dependence					839:848	smallest temperature dependence	818:848	smallest temperature dependence	818:848	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	16	from	°C	811:812	arg1	activity					796:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity	761:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C	761:812	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	5	17	from	membrane	1216:1223	arg1	amounts					1148:1154	the amounts	1144:1154	the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1144:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	5	17	from	membrane	1216:1223	arg1	transporter					1182:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter	1159:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1159:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	1	18	theme	fermentations	349:361	arg1	°C					334:335	20–0 °C	329:335	20–0 °C	329:335	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	1	18	theme	fermentations	349:361	arg1	range					322:326	the temperature range	306:326	the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations	306:361	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	2	19	theme	transmembrane	549:561	arg1	domain					563:568	a transmembrane domain	547:568	a transmembrane domain	547:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	4	20	theme	temperature	1027:1037	arg1	dependencies					1039:1050	smaller temperature dependencies	1019:1050	smaller temperature dependencies	1019:1050	ScAgt1(A60) exhibited higher absolute rates and smaller temperature dependencies when expressed in laboratory rather than brewer's strains.
25035870	7	21	theme	plasma	1447:1452	arg1	membrane					1454:1461	the host plasma membrane	1438:1461	the host plasma membrane	1438:1461	Evidently, the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60) depended on the nature of the host plasma membrane.
25035870	1	22	theme	Zero-trans	160:169	arg1	rates					171:175	Zero-trans rates	160:175	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts	160:215	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	0	23	theme	Agt1	6:9	arg1	transporters					11:22	Three Agt1 transporters	0:22	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts	0:43	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	6	24	theme	strains	1296:1302	arg1	activities					1282:1291	the absolute activities	1269:1291	the absolute activities of strains expressing ScAgt1(A60)	1269:1325	Growth at 15 °C instead of 24 °C decreased the absolute activities of strains expressing ScAgt1(A60) by two- to threefold.
25035870	2	25	theme	Saccharomyces	586:598	arg1	version					612:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version	584:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain	584:638	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	26	from	version	436:442	arg1	strain					464:469	an ale strain	457:469	an ale strain	457:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	27	theme	α-glucoside	370:380	arg1	transporters					382:393	Three α-glucoside transporters	364:393	Three α-glucoside transporters	364:393	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	27	theme	α-glucoside	370:380	arg1	ScAgt1-A548V					473:484	ScAgt1-A548V	473:484	ScAgt1-A548V	473:484	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	27	theme	α-glucoside	370:380	arg1	SbAgt1					576:581	SbAgt1	576:581	SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain)	576:639	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	27	theme	α-glucoside	370:380	arg1	ScAgt1					396:401	ScAgt1	396:401	ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain)	396:470	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	28	theme	Saccharomyces	411:423	arg1	version					436:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version	409:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain	409:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	29	dep	Saccharomyces	411:423	arg1	cerevisiae					425:434	cerevisiae	425:434	cerevisiae	425:434	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	6	30	dep	threefold	1338:1346	arg1	to					1335:1336	to	1335:1336	to	1335:1336	Growth at 15 °C instead of 24 °C decreased the absolute activities of strains expressing ScAgt1(A60) by two- to threefold.
25035870	3	31	theme	temperature	902:912	arg1	dependence					914:923	greatest temperature dependence	893:923	greatest temperature dependence	893:923	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	2	32	dep	ScAgt1-A548V	473:484	arg1	variant					489:495	a variant	487:495	a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain	487:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	32	dep	ScAgt1-A548V	473:484	arg1	A60					507:509	A60	507:509	A60	507:509	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	3	33	theme	lowest	765:770	arg1	activity					796:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity	761:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C	761:812	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	1	34	theme	maltose	180:186	arg1	transport					188:196	maltose transport	180:196	maltose transport by brewer's yeasts	180:215	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	5	35	theme	transporter	1182:1192	arg1	amounts					1148:1154	the amounts	1144:1154	the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1144:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	5	35	theme	transporter	1182:1192	arg1	transporter					1182:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter	1159:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1159:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	2	36	from	change	537:542	arg1	domain					563:568	a transmembrane domain	547:568	a transmembrane domain	547:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	37	theme	ScAgt1	500:505	arg1	variant					489:495	a variant	487:495	a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain	487:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	37	theme	ScAgt1	500:505	arg1	A60					507:509	A60	507:509	A60	507:509	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	8	38	theme	consistent	1476:1485	arg1	correlation					1487:1497	no consistent correlation	1473:1497	no consistent correlation	1473:1497	However, no consistent correlation was observed between transport activities and fatty acid or ergosterol compositions.
25035870	3	39	contain	had	942:944	arg2	properties					959:968	intermediate properties	946:968	intermediate properties	946:968	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	39	contain	had	942:944	arg1	A60					937:939	A60	937:939	A60	937:939	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	39	contain	had	942:944	arg1	dependence					914:923	greatest temperature dependence	893:923	greatest temperature dependence	893:923	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	39	contain	had	942:944	arg1	ScAgt1					930:935	ScAgt1	930:935	ScAgt1(A60)	930:940	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	1	40	theme	transport	188:196	arg1	rates					171:175	Zero-trans rates	160:175	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts	160:215	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	5	41	theme	ScAgt1	1170:1175	arg1	transporter					1182:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter	1159:1192	GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane	1159:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	0	42	theme	temperatures	136:147	arg1	range					119:123	the range	115:123	the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C)	115:157	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	6	43	from	°C	1239:1240	arg1	Growth					1226:1231	Growth	1226:1231	Growth at 15 °C	1226:1240	Growth at 15 °C instead of 24 °C decreased the absolute activities of strains expressing ScAgt1(A60) by two- to threefold.
25035870	5	44	from	amounts	1148:1154	arg1	membrane					1216:1223	each host's plasma membrane	1197:1223	each host's plasma membrane	1197:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	5	45	from	transporter	1182:1192	arg1	membrane					1216:1223	each host's plasma membrane	1197:1223	each host's plasma membrane	1197:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	2	46	from	strain	633:638	arg1	version					612:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version	584:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain	584:638	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	47	theme	Agt1	447:450	arg1	version					436:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version	409:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain	409:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	0	48	theme	brewery	128:134	arg1	temperatures					136:147	brewery temperatures	128:147	brewery temperatures (0–20 °C)	128:157	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	0	48	theme	brewery	128:134	arg1	°C					155:156	0–20 °C	150:156	0–20 °C	150:156	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	2	49	dep	ScAgt1	396:401	arg1	version					436:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version	409:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain	409:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	3	50	theme	uptake	789:794	arg1	activity					796:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity	761:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C	761:812	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	4	51	theme	higher	993:998	arg1	rates					1009:1013	higher absolute rates	993:1013	higher absolute rates	993:1013	ScAgt1(A60) exhibited higher absolute rates and smaller temperature dependencies when expressed in laboratory rather than brewer's strains.
25035870	2	52	from	strain	464:469	arg1	Agt1					447:450	Agt1	447:450	Agt1 from an ale strain	447:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	52	from	strain	464:469	arg1	version					436:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version	409:442	a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain	409:469	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	2	53	theme	bayanus	604:610	arg1	version					612:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version	584:618	a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain	584:638	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	1	54	theme	temperature	310:320	arg1	°C					334:335	20–0 °C	329:335	20–0 °C	329:335	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	1	54	theme	temperature	310:320	arg1	range					322:326	the temperature range	306:326	the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations	306:361	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25035870	3	55	contain	had	757:759	arg2	activity					796:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity	761:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C	761:812	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	55	contain	had	757:759	arg1	SbAgt1					750:755	SbAgt1	750:755	SbAgt1	750:755	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	55	contain	had	757:759	arg2	dependence					839:848	smallest temperature dependence	818:848	smallest temperature dependence	818:848	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	56	theme	absolute	772:779	arg1	activity					796:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity	761:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C	761:812	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	4	57	theme	smaller	1019:1025	arg1	dependencies					1039:1050	smaller temperature dependencies	1019:1050	smaller temperature dependencies	1019:1050	ScAgt1(A60) exhibited higher absolute rates and smaller temperature dependencies when expressed in laboratory rather than brewer's strains.
25035870	7	58	theme	ScAgt1	1400:1405	arg1	characteristics					1372:1386	the kinetic characteristics	1360:1386	the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60)	1360:1410	Evidently, the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60) depended on the nature of the host plasma membrane.
25035870	3	59	theme	intermediate	946:957	arg1	properties					959:968	intermediate properties	946:968	intermediate properties	946:968	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	5	60	theme	plasma	1209:1214	arg1	membrane					1216:1223	each host's plasma membrane	1197:1223	each host's plasma membrane	1197:1223	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	3	61	theme	maltose	781:787	arg1	activity					796:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity	761:803	the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C	761:812	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	2	62	with	variant	489:495	arg1	change					537:542	a single amino acid change	517:542	a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain	517:568	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	3	63	theme	laboratory	684:693	arg1	yeast					695:699	the same laboratory yeast	675:699	the same laboratory yeast	675:699	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	8	64	theme	fatty	1545:1549	arg1	acid					1551:1554	fatty acid or ergosterol compositions	1545:1581	acid	1551:1554	However, no consistent correlation was observed between transport activities and fatty acid or ergosterol compositions.
25035870	4	65	theme	absolute	1000:1007	arg1	rates					1009:1013	higher absolute rates	993:1013	higher absolute rates	993:1013	ScAgt1(A60) exhibited higher absolute rates and smaller temperature dependencies when expressed in laboratory rather than brewer's strains.
25035870	8	66	theme	ergosterol	1559:1568	arg1	compositions					1570:1581	fatty acid or ergosterol compositions	1545:1581	compositions	1570:1581	However, no consistent correlation was observed between transport activities and fatty acid or ergosterol compositions.
25035870	7	67	theme	host	1442:1445	arg1	membrane					1454:1461	the host plasma membrane	1438:1461	the host plasma membrane	1438:1461	Evidently, the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60) depended on the nature of the host plasma membrane.
25035870	0	68	theme	temperature	63:73	arg1	dependencies					75:86	different temperature dependencies	53:86	different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C)	53:157	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	2	69	theme	lager	627:631	arg1	strain					633:638	a lager strain	625:638	a lager strain	625:638	Three α-glucoside transporters, ScAgt1(A60) (a Saccharomyces cerevisiae version of Agt1 from an ale strain), ScAgt1-A548V (a variant of ScAgt1(A60) with a single amino acid change in a transmembrane domain), and SbAgt1 (a Saccharomyces (eu)bayanus version from a lager strain), were compared.
25035870	5	70	theme	Absolute	1111:1118	arg1	rates					1120:1124	Absolute rates	1111:1124	Absolute rates	1111:1124	Absolute rates closely reflected the amounts of GFP-tagged ScAgt1(A60) transporter in each host's plasma membrane.
25035870	7	71	theme	kinetic	1364:1370	arg1	characteristics					1372:1386	the kinetic characteristics	1360:1386	the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60)	1360:1410	Evidently, the kinetic characteristics of at least ScAgt1(A60) depended on the nature of the host plasma membrane.
25035870	0	72	theme	different	53:61	arg1	dependencies					75:86	different temperature dependencies	53:86	different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C)	53:157	Three Agt1 transporters from brewer's yeasts exhibit different temperature dependencies for maltose transport over the range of brewery temperatures (0–20 °C).
25035870	3	73	theme	same	679:682	arg1	yeast					695:699	the same laboratory yeast	675:699	the same laboratory yeast	675:699	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	74	contain	had	864:866	arg2	activity					880:887	the highest activity	868:887	the highest activity	868:887	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	3	74	contain	had	864:866	arg1	ScAgt1-A548V					851:862	ScAgt1-A548V	851:862	ScAgt1-A548V	851:862	When expressed in the same laboratory yeast, grown at 24 °C and assayed at 0, 10, and 20 °C, SbAgt1 had the lowest absolute maltose uptake activity at 20 °C but smallest temperature dependence, ScAgt1-A548V had the highest activity but greatest temperature dependence, and ScAgt1(A60) had intermediate properties.
25035870	6	75	theme	absolute	1273:1280	arg1	activities					1282:1291	the absolute activities	1269:1291	the absolute activities of strains expressing ScAgt1(A60)	1269:1325	Growth at 15 °C instead of 24 °C decreased the absolute activities of strains expressing ScAgt1(A60) by two- to threefold.
25035870	1	76	theme	strong	223:228	arg1	control					230:236	strong control	223:236	strong control	223:236	Zero-trans rates of maltose transport by brewer's yeasts exert strong control over fermentation rates and are strongly temperature-dependent over the temperature range (20–0 °C) of brewery fermentations.
25960248	4	0	from	alterations	878:888	arg1	composition					903:913	cell wall composition	893:913	cell wall composition	893:913	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	6	1	theme	%	1306:1306	arg1	reduction					1308:1316	a 30% reduction	1302:1316	a 30% reduction in acetyl content	1302:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	2	2	theme	cell	363:366	arg1	chemistry					373:381	cell wall chemistry	363:381	cell wall chemistry	363:381	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	6	3	from	line	1292:1295	arg1	versicolor					1249:1258	Trametes versicolor	1240:1258	Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content	1240:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	4	4	theme	hot	1052:1054	arg1	water					1056:1060	hot water	1052:1060	hot water	1052:1060	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	4	5	theme	wall	898:901	arg1	composition					903:913	cell wall composition	893:913	cell wall composition	893:913	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	3	6	theme	promoter	609:616	arg1	control					553:559	the control	549:559	the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	549:664	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	7	7	dep	35S	1405:1407	arg1	AnAXE1					1427:1432	AnAXE1	1427:1432	35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1	1405:1432	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	7	7	dep	35S	1405:1407	arg1	pGT43B					1420:1425	pGT43B	1420:1425	pGT43B	1420:1425	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	7	7	dep	35S	1405:1407	arg1	AnAXE1					1409:1414	AnAXE1	1409:1414	AnAXE1	1409:1414	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	8	8	located	observed	1680:1687	arg2	changes					1625:1631	unintended changes	1614:1631	unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation	1614:1668	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	8	8	located	observed	1680:1687	arg1	plants					1714:1719	35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants	1692:1719	35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants	1692:1719	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	3	9	theme	acetyl	764:769	arg1	activity					780:787	elevated acetyl esterase activity	755:787	elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation	755:860	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	6	10	theme	more	1349:1352	arg1	ethanol					1354:1360	~70% more ethanol	1344:1360	~70% more ethanol	1344:1360	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	3	11	theme	35S	600:602	arg1	promoter					609:616	the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter	571:616	the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter	571:616	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	9	12	theme	postsynthetic	1751:1763	arg1	strategy					1817:1824	a promising strategy	1805:1824	a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production	1805:1886	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	9	12	theme	postsynthetic	1751:1763	arg1	deacetylation					1771:1783	postsynthetic xylan deacetylation	1751:1783	postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues	1751:1800	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	6	13	theme	hydrolysates	1270:1281	arg1	versicolor					1249:1258	Trametes versicolor	1240:1258	Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content	1240:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	3	14	theme	wall-bound	804:813	arg1	extracts					823:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	5	15	theme	lignocellulose	1110:1123	arg1	saccharification					1090:1105	Enzymatic saccharification	1080:1105	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments	1080:1164	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	3	16	theme	GT43B	645:649	arg1	promoter					657:664	a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	621:664	a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	621:664	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	1	17	theme	substitutions	224:236	arg1	significance					202:213	the significance	198:213	the significance of these substitutions	198:236	Cell wall hemicelluloses and pectins are O-acetylated at specific positions, but the significance of these substitutions is poorly understood.
25960248	4	18	theme	transgenic	936:945	arg1	lines					947:951	the transgenic lines	932:951	the transgenic lines	932:951	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	3	19	theme	soluble	792:798	arg1	extracts					823:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	9	20	theme	woody	1788:1792	arg1	tissues					1794:1800	woody tissues	1788:1800	woody tissues	1788:1800	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	6	21	theme	Trametes	1240:1247	arg1	versicolor					1249:1258	Trametes versicolor	1240:1258	Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content	1240:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	3	22	theme	reduced	836:842	arg1	acetylation					850:860	reduced xylan acetylation	836:860	reduced xylan acetylation	836:860	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	2	23	theme	transgenic	268:277	arg1	approach					279:286	a transgenic approach	266:286	a transgenic approach	266:286	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	3	24	theme	promoter	657:664	arg1	control					553:559	the control	549:559	the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	549:664	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	1	25	from	positions	183:191	arg1	O-acetylated					158:169	O-acetylated	158:169	O-acetylated	158:169	Cell wall hemicelluloses and pectins are O-acetylated at specific positions, but the significance of these substitutions is poorly understood.
25960248	9	26	theme	promising	1807:1815	arg1	strategy					1817:1824	a promising strategy	1805:1824	a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production	1805:1886	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	9	26	theme	promising	1807:1815	arg1	deacetylation					1771:1783	postsynthetic xylan deacetylation	1751:1783	postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues	1751:1800	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	1	27	theme	specific	174:181	arg1	positions					183:191	specific positions	174:191	specific positions	174:191	Cell wall hemicelluloses and pectins are O-acetylated at specific positions, but the significance of these substitutions is poorly understood.
25960248	0	28	from	Expression	0:9	arg1	thaliana					58:65	Arabidopsis thaliana	46:65	Arabidopsis thaliana	46:65	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	0	29	theme	stem	96:99	arg1	lignocellulose					101:114	stem lignocellulose	96:114	stem lignocellulose	96:114	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	5	30	theme	hot	1131:1133	arg1	water					1135:1139	hot water and alkali pretreatments	1131:1164	water	1135:1139	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	7	31	theme	defence	1587:1593	arg1	pathways					1595:1602	defence pathways	1587:1602	defence pathways	1587:1602	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	9	32	theme	lignocellulosic	1841:1855	arg1	biomass					1857:1863	lignocellulosic biomass	1841:1863	lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production	1841:1886	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	2	33	theme	lignocellulose	427:440	arg1	chemistry					373:381	cell wall chemistry	363:381	cell wall chemistry	363:381	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	2	33	theme	lignocellulose	427:440	arg1	performance					390:400	plant performance	384:400	plant performance	384:400	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	2	33	theme	lignocellulose	427:440	arg1	recalcitrance					410:422	the recalcitrance	406:422	the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification	406:460	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	3	34	from	activity	780:787	arg1	extracts					823:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	3	34	from	activity	780:787	arg1	acetylation					850:860	reduced xylan acetylation	836:860	reduced xylan acetylation	836:860	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	3	35	theme	xylan	492:496	arg1	AnAXE1					507:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	0	36	theme	fungal	14:19	arg1	esterase					34:41	fungal acetyl xylan esterase	14:41	fungal acetyl xylan esterase	14:41	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	5	37	theme	several	1209:1215	arg1	lines					1217:1221	several lines	1209:1221	several lines	1209:1221	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	7	38	theme	constitutive	1560:1571	arg1	activation					1573:1582	constitutive activation	1560:1582	constitutive activation of defence pathways	1560:1602	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	1	39	theme	Cell	117:120	arg1	hemicelluloses					127:140	Cell wall hemicelluloses	117:140	Cell wall hemicelluloses	117:140	Cell wall hemicelluloses and pectins are O-acetylated at specific positions, but the significance of these substitutions is poorly understood.
25960248	0	40	theme	xylan	28:32	arg1	esterase					34:41	fungal acetyl xylan esterase	14:41	fungal acetyl xylan esterase	14:41	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	4	41	theme	significant	866:876	arg1	alterations					878:888	No significant alterations	863:888	No significant alterations in cell wall composition	863:913	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	5	42	theme	more	1185:1188	arg1	sugars					1199:1204	up to 20% more reducing sugars	1175:1204	up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines	1175:1221	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	3	43	dep	Aspergillus	467:477	arg1	niger					479:483	niger	479:483	niger	479:483	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	8	44	theme	unintended	1614:1623	arg1	changes					1625:1631	unintended changes	1614:1631	unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation	1614:1668	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	4	45	located	observed	920:927	arg1	lines					947:951	the transgenic lines	932:951	the transgenic lines	932:951	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	4	45	located	observed	920:927	arg2	alterations					878:888	No significant alterations	863:888	No significant alterations in cell wall composition	863:913	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	6	46	from	reduction	1308:1316	arg1	content					1328:1334	acetyl content	1321:1334	acetyl content	1321:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	7	47	theme	biotrophic	1492:1501	arg1	pathogen					1503:1510	the biotrophic pathogen	1488:1510	the biotrophic pathogen	1488:1510	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	2	48	theme	wall	368:371	arg1	chemistry					373:381	cell wall chemistry	363:381	cell wall chemistry	363:381	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	3	49	theme	native	719:724	arg1	peptide					733:739	its native signal peptide	715:739	its native signal peptide	715:739	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	6	50	with	line	1292:1295	arg1	reduction					1308:1316	a 30% reduction	1302:1316	a 30% reduction in acetyl content	1302:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	7	51	theme	increased	1464:1472	arg1	resistance					1474:1483	increased resistance	1464:1483	increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen	1464:1510	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	3	52	theme	elevated	755:762	arg1	activity					780:787	elevated acetyl esterase activity	755:787	elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation	755:860	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	8	53	from	changes	1625:1631	arg1	xyloglucan					1636:1645	xyloglucan	1636:1645	xyloglucan	1636:1645	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	8	53	from	changes	1625:1631	arg1	acetylation					1658:1668	pectin acetylation	1651:1668	pectin acetylation	1651:1668	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	5	54	from	sugars	1199:1204	arg1	lines					1217:1221	several lines	1209:1221	several lines	1209:1221	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	3	55	theme	CAMV	604:607	arg1	promoter					609:616	the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter	571:616	the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter	571:616	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	4	56	theme	cell	893:896	arg1	composition					903:913	cell wall composition	893:913	cell wall composition	893:913	No significant alterations in cell wall composition were observed in the transgenic lines, but their xylans were more easily digested by a β-1,4-endoxylanase, and more readily extracted by hot water, acids or alkali.
25960248	3	57	theme	expressed	590:598	arg1	promoter					609:616	the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter	571:616	the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter	571:616	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	3	58	theme	esterase	771:778	arg1	activity					780:787	elevated acetyl esterase activity	755:787	elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation	755:860	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	3	59	theme	woody-tissue-specific	623:643	arg1	promoter					657:664	a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	621:664	a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	621:664	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	9	60	theme	xylan	1765:1769	arg1	strategy					1817:1824	a promising strategy	1805:1824	a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production	1805:1886	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	9	60	theme	xylan	1765:1769	arg1	deacetylation					1771:1783	postsynthetic xylan deacetylation	1751:1783	postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues	1751:1800	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	6	61	theme	tissue	1263:1268	arg1	hydrolysates					1270:1281	tissue hydrolysates	1263:1281	tissue hydrolysates	1263:1281	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	3	62	theme	protein	815:821	arg1	extracts					823:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	soluble and wall-bound protein extracts	792:830	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	1	63	theme	wall	122:125	arg1	hemicelluloses					127:140	Cell wall hemicelluloses	117:140	Cell wall hemicelluloses	117:140	Cell wall hemicelluloses and pectins are O-acetylated at specific positions, but the significance of these substitutions is poorly understood.
25960248	6	64	theme	acetyl	1321:1326	arg1	content					1328:1334	acetyl content	1321:1334	acetyl content	1321:1334	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	3	65	theme	xylan	844:848	arg1	acetylation					850:860	reduced xylan acetylation	836:860	reduced xylan acetylation	836:860	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	5	66	theme	Enzymatic	1080:1088	arg1	saccharification					1090:1105	Enzymatic saccharification	1080:1105	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments	1080:1164	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	3	67	theme	aspen	651:655	arg1	promoter					657:664	a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	621:664	a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter	621:664	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	9	68	from	deacetylation	1771:1783	arg1	tissues					1794:1800	woody tissues	1788:1800	woody tissues	1788:1800	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	6	69	theme	wild	1376:1379	arg1	type					1381:1384	wild type	1376:1384	wild type	1376:1384	Fermentation by Trametes versicolor of tissue hydrolysates from the line with a 30% reduction in acetyl content yielded ~70% more ethanol compared with wild type.
25960248	7	70	theme	pathways	1595:1602	arg1	activation					1573:1582	constitutive activation	1560:1582	constitutive activation of defence pathways	1560:1602	Plants expressing 35S:AnAXE1 and pGT43B:AnAXE1 developed normally and showed increased resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis, probably due to constitutive activation of defence pathways.
25960248	0	71	theme	lignocellulose	101:114	arg1	saccharification					76:91	saccharification	76:91	saccharification of stem lignocellulose	76:114	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	2	72	from	extent	322:327	arg1	xylan					349:353	xylan	349:353	xylan	349:353	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	5	73	dep	20	1181:1182	arg1	to					1178:1179	to	1178:1179	to	1178:1179	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	3	74	theme	Aspergillus	467:477	arg1	AnAXE1					507:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	5	75	theme	alkali	1145:1150	arg1	pretreatments					1152:1164	hot water and alkali pretreatments	1131:1164	pretreatments	1152:1164	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	9	76	theme	biofuel	1869:1875	arg1	production					1877:1886	biofuel production	1869:1886	biofuel production	1869:1886	This study demonstrates that postsynthetic xylan deacetylation in woody tissues is a promising strategy for optimizing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production.
25960248	2	77	theme	plant	384:388	arg1	performance					390:400	plant performance	384:400	plant performance	384:400	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	0	78	theme	acetyl	21:26	arg1	esterase					34:41	fungal acetyl xylan esterase	14:41	fungal acetyl xylan esterase	14:41	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	3	79	theme	esterase	498:505	arg1	AnAXE1					507:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	0	80	theme	esterase	34:41	arg1	Expression					0:9	Expression	0:9	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana	0:65	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	3	81	theme	acetyl	485:490	arg1	AnAXE1					507:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1	463:512	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25960248	0	82	theme	Arabidopsis	46:56	arg1	thaliana					58:65	Arabidopsis thaliana	46:65	Arabidopsis thaliana	46:65	Expression of fungal acetyl xylan esterase in Arabidopsis thaliana improves saccharification of stem lignocellulose.
25960248	8	83	theme	35S	1692:1694	arg1	plants					1714:1719	35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants	1692:1719	35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants	1692:1719	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	5	84	theme	reducing	1190:1197	arg1	sugars					1199:1204	up to 20% more reducing sugars	1175:1204	up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines	1175:1221	Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose after hot water and alkali pretreatments produced up to 20% more reducing sugars in several lines.
25960248	2	85	theme	O-acetylation	332:344	arg1	extent					322:327	the extent	318:327	the extent of O-acetylation in xylan	318:353	Using a transgenic approach, we investigated how reducing the extent of O-acetylation in xylan affects cell wall chemistry, plant performance and the recalcitrance of lignocellulose to saccharification.
25960248	8	86	theme	AnAXE1-expressing	1696:1712	arg1	plants					1714:1719	35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants	1692:1719	35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants	1692:1719	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	8	87	theme	pectin	1651:1656	arg1	acetylation					1658:1668	pectin acetylation	1651:1668	pectin acetylation	1651:1668	However, unintended changes in xyloglucan and pectin acetylation were only observed in 35S:AnAXE1-expressing plants.
25960248	3	88	theme	signal	726:731	arg1	peptide					733:739	its native signal peptide	715:739	its native signal peptide	715:739	The Aspergillus niger acetyl xylan esterase AnAXE1 was expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of either the constitutively expressed 35S CAMV promoter or a woody-tissue-specific GT43B aspen promoter, and the protein was targeted to the apoplast by its native signal peptide, resulting in elevated acetyl esterase activity in soluble and wall-bound protein extracts and reduced xylan acetylation.
25981821	4	0	theme	prostaglandin	946:958	arg1	E2					960:961	prostaglandin E2	946:961	prostaglandin E2	946:961	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	8	1	theme	trimethylsilylated	1503:1520	arg1	method					1537:1542	trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method	1503:1542	trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method	1503:1542	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	5	2	theme	inhibitory	1076:1085	arg1	effects					1087:1093	inhibitory effects	1076:1093	inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs	1076:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	4	3	theme	pro-inflammatory	790:805	arg1	A2					938:939	secretory phospholipase A2	914:939	secretory phospholipase A2	914:939	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	3	theme	pro-inflammatory	790:805	arg1	cytokines					807:815	pro-inflammatory cytokines	790:815	pro-inflammatory cytokines	790:815	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	3	theme	pro-inflammatory	790:805	arg1	molecule-1					893:902	intercellular adhesion molecule-1	870:902	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)	870:911	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	3	theme	pro-inflammatory	790:805	arg1	E2					960:961	prostaglandin E2	946:961	prostaglandin E2	946:961	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	3	theme	pro-inflammatory	790:805	arg1	molecule-1					849:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1	826:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)	826:867	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	8	4	theme	analysis	1528:1535	arg1	method					1537:1542	trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method	1503:1542	trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method	1503:1542	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	3	5	theme	nitric	611:616	arg1	synthase					624:631	endothelial nitric oxide synthase	599:631	endothelial nitric oxide synthase	599:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	4	6	theme	adhesion	742:749	arg1	molecules					751:759	adhesion molecules	742:759	adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	742:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	1	7	theme	red-striped	148:158	arg1	lewisi					102:107	Poecilocoris lewisi	89:107	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae")	89:141	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	7	theme	red-striped	148:158	arg1	insect					176:181	insect	176:181	insect	176:181	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	7	theme	red-striped	148:158	arg1	bug					171:173	a red-striped gold stink bug	146:173	a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	146:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	7	theme	red-striped	148:158	arg1	drug					215:218	a crude drug	207:218	a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	207:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	7	8	theme	colon	1331:1335	arg1	cells					1344:1348	CT-26 colon cancer cells	1325:1348	CT-26 colon cancer cells	1325:1348	Furthermore, this GAG showed cytotoxicity against CT-26 colon cancer cells whereas having no cytotoxicity in CHO normal cells.
25981821	4	9	theme	related	761:767	arg1	molecules					751:759	adhesion molecules	742:759	adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	742:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	10	theme	umbilical	1017:1025	arg1	HUVEC					1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	10	theme	umbilical	1017:1025	arg1	cells					1044:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	1011:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	1011:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	3	11	theme	potent	480:485	arg1	inducer					487:493	a potent inducer	478:493	a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	478:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	11	theme	potent	480:485	arg1	They					456:459	They	456:459	They	456:459	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	1	12	theme	stink	165:169	arg1	lewisi					102:107	Poecilocoris lewisi	89:107	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae")	89:141	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	12	theme	stink	165:169	arg1	insect					176:181	insect	176:181	insect	176:181	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	12	theme	stink	165:169	arg1	bug					171:173	a red-striped gold stink bug	146:173	a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	146:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	12	theme	stink	165:169	arg1	drug					215:218	a crude drug	207:218	a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	207:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	4	13	theme	cell	835:838	arg1	VCAM-1					861:866	VCAM-1	861:866	VCAM-1	861:866	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	13	theme	cell	835:838	arg1	molecule-1					849:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1	826:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)	826:867	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	3	14	theme	synthase	624:631	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	14	theme	synthase	624:631	arg1	stimulator					585:594	a stimulator	583:594	a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	583:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	1	15	from	drug	215:218	arg1	medicine					235:242	traditional medicine	223:242	traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	223:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	3	16	theme	oxide	505:509	arg1	production					516:525	nitric oxide (NO) production	498:525	nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	498:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	17	from	stimulator	585:594	arg1	inducer					487:493	a potent inducer	478:493	a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	478:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	17	from	stimulator	585:594	arg1	They					456:459	They	456:459	They	456:459	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	17	from	stimulator	585:594	arg1	production					516:525	nitric oxide (NO) production	498:525	nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	498:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	8	18	dep	acidic	1425:1430	arg1	neutral					1433:1439	neutral	1433:1439	neutral	1433:1439	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	3	19	theme	production	516:525	arg1	inducer					487:493	a potent inducer	478:493	a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	478:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	19	theme	production	516:525	arg1	They					456:459	They	456:459	They	456:459	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	4	20	theme	adhesion	884:891	arg1	ICAM-1					905:910	ICAM-1	905:910	ICAM-1	905:910	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	20	theme	adhesion	884:891	arg1	molecule-1					893:902	intercellular adhesion molecule-1	870:902	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)	870:911	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	21	theme	endothelial	1032:1042	arg1	HUVEC					1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	21	theme	endothelial	1032:1042	arg1	cells					1044:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	1011:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	1011:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	0	22	theme	stimulated	71:80	arg1	cells					82:86	TNF-α stimulated cells	65:86	TNF-α stimulated cells	65:86	Immune modulation of glycosaminoglycan derived from P. lewisi in TNF-α stimulated cells.
25981821	2	23	theme	potential	419:427	arg1	actions					447:453	their potential anti-inflammatory actions	413:453	their potential anti-inflammatory actions	413:453	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	1	24	dep	Korean	110:115	arg1	"					140:140	"Kwangdaenolinjae"	123:140	"Kwangdaenolinjae"	123:140	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	24	dep	Korean	110:115	arg1	name					117:120	name	117:120	Korean name	110:120	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	2	25	theme	active	352:357	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					303:319	glycosaminoglycan	303:319	glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG)	303:343	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	25	theme	active	352:357	arg1	extract					291:297	ethanol extract	283:297	ethanol extract	283:297	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	25	theme	active	352:357	arg1	substance					359:367	an active substance	349:367	an active substance among its components	349:388	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	0	26	theme	Immune	0:5	arg1	modulation					7:16	Immune modulation	0:16	Immune modulation of glycosaminoglycan	0:37	Immune modulation of glycosaminoglycan derived from P. lewisi in TNF-α stimulated cells.
25981821	1	27	theme	Poecilocoris	89:100	arg1	Korean					110:115	Korean	110:115	Korean	110:115	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	27	theme	Poecilocoris	89:100	arg1	lewisi					102:107	Poecilocoris lewisi	89:107	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae")	89:141	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	27	theme	Poecilocoris	89:100	arg1	bug					171:173	a red-striped gold stink bug	146:173	a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	146:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	3	28	theme	artery	547:552	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	2	29	theme	Pl	337:338	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					303:319	glycosaminoglycan	303:319	glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG)	303:343	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	29	theme	Pl	337:338	arg1	GAG					340:342	Pl GAG	337:342	Pl GAG	337:342	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	4	30	theme	secretory	914:922	arg1	A2					938:939	secretory phospholipase A2	914:939	secretory phospholipase A2	914:939	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	3	31	theme	calf	532:535	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	1	32	used	used	199:202	arg2	drug					215:218	a crude drug	207:218	a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	207:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	32	used	used	199:202	arg2	insect					176:181	insect	176:181	insect	176:181	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	32	used	used	199:202	arg2	bug					171:173	a red-striped gold stink bug	146:173	a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	146:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	32	used	used	199:202	arg2	lewisi					102:107	Poecilocoris lewisi	89:107	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae")	89:141	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	2	33	from	lewisi	329:334	arg1	GAG					340:342	Pl GAG	337:342	Pl GAG	337:342	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	33	from	lewisi	329:334	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					303:319	glycosaminoglycan	303:319	glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG)	303:343	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	33	from	lewisi	329:334	arg1	extract					291:297	ethanol extract	283:297	ethanol extract	283:297	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	33	from	lewisi	329:334	arg1	substance					359:367	an active substance	349:367	an active substance among its components	349:388	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	4	34	theme	tumor	978:982	arg1	TNF					1001:1003	TNF	1001:1003	TNF	1001:1003	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	34	theme	tumor	978:982	arg1	factor					993:998	tumor necrosis factor	978:998	tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	978:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	5	35	theme	vascular	1098:1105	arg1	VEGF					1134:1137	VEGF	1134:1137	VEGF	1134:1137	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	5	35	theme	vascular	1098:1105	arg1	factor					1126:1131	vascular endothelial growth factor	1098:1131	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs	1098:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	4	36	theme	factor	993:998	arg1	-α					1005:1006	tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α	978:1006	tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	978:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	8	37	theme	used	1473:1476	arg1	GAG					1478:1480	used GAG	1473:1480	used GAG	1473:1480	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	5	38	theme	growth	1119:1124	arg1	VEGF					1134:1137	VEGF	1134:1137	VEGF	1134:1137	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	5	38	theme	growth	1119:1124	arg1	factor					1126:1131	vascular endothelial growth factor	1098:1131	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs	1098:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	6	39	theme	Matrix	1162:1167	arg1	metalloproteinases					1169:1186	Matrix metalloproteinases	1162:1186	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9)	1162:1200	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) were also inhibited by treatment with this extract or glycosaminoglycan.
25981821	2	40	theme	ethanol	283:289	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					303:319	glycosaminoglycan	303:319	glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG)	303:343	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	40	theme	ethanol	283:289	arg1	extract					291:297	ethanol extract	283:297	ethanol extract	283:297	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	2	40	theme	ethanol	283:289	arg1	substance					359:367	an active substance	349:367	an active substance among its components	349:388	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	1	41	theme	crude	209:213	arg1	bug					171:173	a red-striped gold stink bug	146:173	a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	146:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	41	theme	crude	209:213	arg1	drug					215:218	a crude drug	207:218	a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	207:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	7	42	theme	cancer	1337:1342	arg1	cells					1344:1348	CT-26 colon cancer cells	1325:1348	CT-26 colon cancer cells	1325:1348	Furthermore, this GAG showed cytotoxicity against CT-26 colon cancer cells whereas having no cytotoxicity in CHO normal cells.
25981821	5	43	from	production	1140:1149	arg1	HUVECs					1154:1159	HUVECs	1154:1159	HUVECs	1154:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	4	44	theme	human	1011:1015	arg1	HUVEC					1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	44	theme	human	1011:1015	arg1	cells					1044:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	1011:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	1011:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	8	45	theme	GC-MS	1522:1526	arg1	method					1537:1542	trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method	1503:1542	trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method	1503:1542	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	3	46	theme	oxide	618:622	arg1	synthase					624:631	endothelial nitric oxide synthase	599:631	endothelial nitric oxide synthase	599:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	7	47	theme	CT-26	1325:1329	arg1	cells					1344:1348	CT-26 colon cancer cells	1325:1348	CT-26 colon cancer cells	1325:1348	Furthermore, this GAG showed cytotoxicity against CT-26 colon cancer cells whereas having no cytotoxicity in CHO normal cells.
25981821	4	48	theme	vein	1027:1030	arg1	HUVEC					1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	48	theme	vein	1027:1030	arg1	cells					1044:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	1011:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	1011:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	3	49	theme	endothelial	599:609	arg1	synthase					624:631	endothelial nitric oxide synthase	599:631	endothelial nitric oxide synthase	599:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	1	50	theme	gold	160:163	arg1	lewisi					102:107	Poecilocoris lewisi	89:107	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae")	89:141	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	50	theme	gold	160:163	arg1	insect					176:181	insect	176:181	insect	176:181	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	50	theme	gold	160:163	arg1	bug					171:173	a red-striped gold stink bug	146:173	a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	146:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	1	50	theme	gold	160:163	arg1	drug					215:218	a crude drug	207:218	a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	207:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	6	51	dep	metalloproteinases	1169:1186	arg1	MMP-2					1189:1193	MMP-2	1189:1193	MMP-2	1189:1193	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) were also inhibited by treatment with this extract or glycosaminoglycan.
25981821	6	51	dep	metalloproteinases	1169:1186	arg1	9					1199:1199	9	1199:1199	9	1199:1199	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) were also inhibited by treatment with this extract or glycosaminoglycan.
25981821	4	52	theme	molecules	751:759	arg1	level					733:737	the level	729:737	the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	729:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	7	53	theme	normal	1388:1393	arg1	cells					1395:1399	CHO normal cells	1384:1399	CHO normal cells	1384:1399	Furthermore, this GAG showed cytotoxicity against CT-26 colon cancer cells whereas having no cytotoxicity in CHO normal cells.
25981821	3	54	theme	dose-dependent	638:651	arg1	manner					653:658	a dose-dependent manner	636:658	a dose-dependent manner	636:658	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	5	55	from	effects	1087:1093	arg1	production					1140:1149	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production	1098:1149	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs	1098:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	4	56	from	-α	1005:1006	arg1	HUVEC					1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	HUVEC	1051:1055	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	56	from	-α	1005:1006	arg1	cells					1044:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	1011:1048	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	1011:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	57	theme	vascular	826:833	arg1	VCAM-1					861:866	VCAM-1	861:866	VCAM-1	861:866	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	57	theme	vascular	826:833	arg1	molecule-1					849:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1	826:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)	826:867	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	3	58	from	cells	573:577	arg1	inducer					487:493	a potent inducer	478:493	a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	478:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	58	from	cells	573:577	arg1	They					456:459	They	456:459	They	456:459	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	58	from	cells	573:577	arg1	production					516:525	nitric oxide (NO) production	498:525	nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	498:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	8	59	dep	composition	1458:1468	arg1	monosaccharides					1441:1455	acidic, neutral monosaccharides	1425:1455	acidic, neutral monosaccharides	1425:1455	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	3	60	theme	nitric	498:503	arg1	NO					512:513	NO	512:513	NO	512:513	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	60	theme	nitric	498:503	arg1	oxide					505:509	nitric oxide	498:509	nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	498:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	4	61	theme	adhesion	840:847	arg1	VCAM-1					861:866	VCAM-1	861:866	VCAM-1	861:866	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	61	theme	adhesion	840:847	arg1	molecule-1					849:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1	826:858	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)	826:867	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	7	62	from	cytotoxicity	1368:1379	arg1	cells					1395:1399	CHO normal cells	1384:1399	CHO normal cells	1384:1399	Furthermore, this GAG showed cytotoxicity against CT-26 colon cancer cells whereas having no cytotoxicity in CHO normal cells.
25981821	0	63	theme	TNF-α	65:69	arg1	cells					82:86	TNF-α stimulated cells	65:86	TNF-α stimulated cells	65:86	Immune modulation of glycosaminoglycan derived from P. lewisi in TNF-α stimulated cells.
25981821	1	64	theme	Kwangdaenolinjae	124:139	arg1	"					140:140	"Kwangdaenolinjae"	123:140	"Kwangdaenolinjae"	123:140	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	4	65	theme	intercellular	870:882	arg1	ICAM-1					905:910	ICAM-1	905:910	ICAM-1	905:910	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	65	theme	intercellular	870:882	arg1	molecule-1					893:902	intercellular adhesion molecule-1	870:902	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)	870:911	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	6	66	with	treatment	1225:1233	arg1	extract					1245:1251	extract	1245:1251	extract	1245:1251	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) were also inhibited by treatment with this extract or glycosaminoglycan.
25981821	6	66	with	treatment	1225:1233	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					1256:1272	glycosaminoglycan	1256:1272	glycosaminoglycan	1256:1272	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) were also inhibited by treatment with this extract or glycosaminoglycan.
25981821	2	67	theme	anti-inflammatory	429:445	arg1	actions					447:453	their potential anti-inflammatory actions	413:453	their potential anti-inflammatory actions	413:453	In this study, ethanol extract and glycosaminoglycan from P. lewisi (Pl GAG), as an active substance among its components, were investigated for their potential anti-inflammatory actions.
25981821	8	68	theme	Monosaccharide	1402:1415	arg1	composition					1458:1468	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition	1402:1468	composition	1458:1468	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	6	69	dep	extract	1245:1251	arg1	this					1240:1243	this	1240:1243	this	1240:1243	Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9) were also inhibited by treatment with this extract or glycosaminoglycan.
25981821	8	70	theme	amino	1418:1422	arg1	composition					1458:1468	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition	1402:1468	composition	1458:1468	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	4	71	theme	phospholipase	924:936	arg1	A2					938:939	secretory phospholipase A2	914:939	secretory phospholipase A2	914:939	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	8	72	theme	acidic	1425:1430	arg1	monosaccharides					1441:1455	acidic, neutral monosaccharides	1425:1455	acidic, neutral monosaccharides	1425:1455	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	3	73	from	inducer	487:493	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	73	from	inducer	487:493	arg1	stimulator					585:594	a stimulator	583:594	a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase	583:631	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	3	73	from	inducer	487:493	arg1	manner					653:658	a dose-dependent manner	636:658	a dose-dependent manner	636:658	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	0	74	theme	glycosaminoglycan	21:37	arg1	modulation					7:16	Immune modulation	0:16	Immune modulation of glycosaminoglycan	0:37	Immune modulation of glycosaminoglycan derived from P. lewisi in TNF-α stimulated cells.
25981821	1	75	theme	traditional	223:233	arg1	medicine					235:242	traditional medicine	223:242	traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	223:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	4	76	theme	anti-inflammatory	665:681	arg1	activities					683:692	The anti-inflammatory activities	661:692	The anti-inflammatory activities	661:692	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	3	77	theme	pulmonary	537:545	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	1	78	theme	Asia	252:255	arg1	medicine					235:242	traditional medicine	223:242	traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	223:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	3	79	theme	CPAE	567:570	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	1	80	theme	Korea	261:265	arg1	medicine					235:242	traditional medicine	223:242	traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea	223:265	Poecilocoris lewisi (Korean name: "Kwangdaenolinjae") is a red-striped gold stink bug (insect) which has been used as a crude drug in traditional medicine of East Asia and Korea.
25981821	8	81	theme	GAG	1478:1480	arg1	composition					1458:1468	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition	1402:1468	composition	1458:1468	Monosaccharide (amino, acidic, neutral monosaccharides) composition of used GAG was characterized by trimethylsilylated GC-MS analysis method.
25981821	3	82	theme	endothelial	554:564	arg1	cells					573:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells	532:577	They were found to be a potent inducer of nitric oxide (NO) production from calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner.
25981821	5	83	theme	endothelial	1107:1117	arg1	VEGF					1134:1137	VEGF	1134:1137	VEGF	1134:1137	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	5	83	theme	endothelial	1107:1117	arg1	factor					1126:1131	vascular endothelial growth factor	1098:1131	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs	1098:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
25981821	7	84	theme	CHO	1384:1386	arg1	cells					1395:1399	CHO normal cells	1384:1399	CHO normal cells	1384:1399	Furthermore, this GAG showed cytotoxicity against CT-26 colon cancer cells whereas having no cytotoxicity in CHO normal cells.
25981821	4	85	theme	necrosis	984:991	arg1	TNF					1001:1003	TNF	1001:1003	TNF	1001:1003	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	4	85	theme	necrosis	984:991	arg1	factor					993:998	tumor necrosis factor	978:998	tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC)	978:1056	The anti-inflammatory activities were also evaluated by determining the level of adhesion molecules related to atherogenesis and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), secretory phospholipase A2, and prostaglandin E2, stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
25981821	5	86	theme	factor	1126:1131	arg1	production					1140:1149	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production	1098:1149	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs	1098:1159	They also showed inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVECs.
29062048	0	0	theme	Wound	84:88	arg1	Healing					90:96	Wound Healing	84:96	Wound Healing	84:96	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	8	1	theme	heamolysis	1233:1242	arg1	evaluation					1244:1253	heamolysis evaluation	1233:1253	heamolysis evaluation	1233:1253	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	2	2	theme	graphene-sodium	346:360	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	1	3	theme	acute	255:259	arg1	wound					261:265	the acute wound	251:265	the acute wound	251:265	With the emerging of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens, there raise the interest of utilizing versatile antimicrobial biomaterials to treat the acute wound.
29062048	5	4	theme	2.8	774:776	arg1	strength					715:722	the tensile strength	703:722	the tensile strength	703:722	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	4	theme	2.8	774:776	arg1	modulus					747:753	Young's modulus	739:753	Young's modulus	739:753	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	4	theme	2.8	774:776	arg1	result					695:700	a result	693:700	a result	693:700	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	4	theme	2.8	774:776	arg1	times					791:795	2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times	774:795	times	791:795	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	4	theme	2.8	774:776	arg1	toughness					725:733	toughness	725:733	toughness	725:733	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	6	5	theme	AGSA	884:887	arg1	film					889:892	the AGSA film	880:892	the AGSA film	880:892	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	9	6	theme	promising	1427:1435	arg1	performance					1437:1447	promising performance	1427:1447	promising performance for wound healing	1427:1465	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	2	7	theme	reduced	338:344	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	6	8	theme	Candida	989:995	arg1	albicans					997:1004	Candida albicans	989:1004	Candida albicans	989:1004	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	7	9	theme	wound	1195:1199	arg1	sites					1201:1205	wound sites	1195:1205	wound sites	1195:1205	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
29062048	9	10	theme	nacre-mimic	1501:1511	arg1	biomaterials					1513:1524	nacre-mimic biomaterials	1501:1524	nacre-mimic biomaterials	1501:1524	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	9	11	theme	tissue	1529:1534	arg1	applications					1548:1559	tissue engineering applications	1529:1559	tissue engineering applications	1529:1559	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	5	12	theme	Young	739:743	arg1	strength					715:722	the tensile strength	703:722	the tensile strength	703:722	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	12	theme	Young	739:743	arg1	modulus					747:753	Young's modulus	739:753	Young's modulus	739:753	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	12	theme	Young	739:743	arg1	result					695:700	a result	693:700	a result	693:700	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	12	theme	Young	739:743	arg1	times					791:795	2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times	774:795	times	791:795	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	12	theme	Young	739:743	arg1	toughness					725:733	toughness	725:733	toughness	725:733	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	8	13	theme	composite	1292:1300	arg1	material					1344:1351	a bio-compatible material	1327:1351	a bio-compatible material	1327:1351	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	8	13	theme	composite	1292:1300	arg1	film					1302:1305	the composite film	1288:1305	the composite film	1288:1305	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	3	14	from	structure	517:525	arg1	nacre					530:534	nacre	530:534	nacre	530:534	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	3	15	theme	brick-and-mortar	499:514	arg1	structure					517:525	the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure	486:525	the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre	486:534	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	4	16	theme	interfacial	587:597	arg1	interactions					599:610	abundant interfacial interactions	578:610	abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix	578:650	In this nacre-mimic structure, there are abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix, leading to remarkable reinforcement.
29062048	3	17	theme	typical	490:496	arg1	structure					517:525	the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure	486:525	the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre	486:534	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	5	18	theme	alginate	823:830	arg1	film					832:835	pure sodium alginate film	811:835	pure sodium alginate film	811:835	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	3	19	theme	similar	475:481	arg1	microstructures					459:473	lamellar microstructures	450:473	lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre	450:534	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	8	20	dep	in	1259:1260	arg1	vivo					1262:1265	vivo	1262:1265	vivo	1262:1265	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	2	21	theme	film	388:391	arg1	assembly					308:315	the spraying mediated assembly	286:315	the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	286:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	5	22	theme	2.7	787:789	arg1	strength					715:722	the tensile strength	703:722	the tensile strength	703:722	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	22	theme	2.7	787:789	arg1	modulus					747:753	Young's modulus	739:753	Young's modulus	739:753	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	22	theme	2.7	787:789	arg1	result					695:700	a result	693:700	a result	693:700	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	22	theme	2.7	787:789	arg1	times					791:795	2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times	774:795	times	791:795	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	22	theme	2.7	787:789	arg1	toughness					725:733	toughness	725:733	toughness	725:733	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	6	23	theme	healing	865:871	arg1	study					873:877	the wound healing study	855:877	the wound healing study	855:877	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	4	24	theme	abundant	578:585	arg1	interactions					599:610	abundant interfacial interactions	578:610	abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix	578:650	In this nacre-mimic structure, there are abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix, leading to remarkable reinforcement.
29062048	8	25	theme	bio-compatible	1329:1342	arg1	material					1344:1351	a bio-compatible material	1327:1351	a bio-compatible material	1327:1351	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	8	25	theme	bio-compatible	1329:1342	arg1	film					1302:1305	the composite film	1288:1305	the composite film	1288:1305	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	7	26	dep	in	1104:1105	arg1	vivo					1107:1110	vivo	1107:1110	vivo	1107:1110	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
29062048	2	27	theme	composite	378:386	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	0	28	theme	Reinforced	12:21	arg1	@					25:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@	0:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@	0:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	6	29	theme	wound	859:863	arg1	healing					865:871	the wound healing	855:871	the wound healing study	855:877	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	9	30	from	potential	1487:1495	arg1	applications					1548:1559	tissue engineering applications	1529:1559	tissue engineering applications	1529:1559	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	6	31	theme	microbial	1069:1077	arg1	infections					1079:1088	pathogenic microbial infections	1058:1088	pathogenic microbial infections	1058:1088	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	0	32	theme	Nacre-mimic	0:10	arg1	@					25:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@	0:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@	0:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	7	33	theme	in	1104:1105	arg1	experiments					1112:1122	in vivo experiments	1104:1122	in vivo experiments on rats	1104:1130	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
29062048	2	34	theme	AGSA	372:375	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	7	35	theme	film	1161:1164	arg1	effect					1146:1151	the effect	1142:1151	the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites	1142:1205	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
29062048	4	36	theme	nacre-mimic	545:555	arg1	structure					557:565	this nacre-mimic structure	540:565	this nacre-mimic structure	540:565	In this nacre-mimic structure, there are abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix, leading to remarkable reinforcement.
29062048	5	37	theme	tensile	707:713	arg1	strength					715:722	the tensile strength	703:722	the tensile strength	703:722	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	37	theme	tensile	707:713	arg1	modulus					747:753	Young's modulus	739:753	Young's modulus	739:753	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	37	theme	tensile	707:713	arg1	result					695:700	a result	693:700	a result	693:700	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	37	theme	tensile	707:713	arg1	times					791:795	2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times	774:795	times	791:795	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	5	37	theme	tensile	707:713	arg1	toughness					725:733	toughness	725:733	toughness	725:733	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	9	38	theme	AGSA	1413:1416	arg1	film					1418:1421	such AGSA film	1408:1421	such AGSA film	1408:1421	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	2	39	theme	mediated	299:306	arg1	assembly					308:315	the spraying mediated assembly	286:315	the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	286:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	5	40	theme	sodium	816:821	arg1	film					832:835	pure sodium alginate film	811:835	pure sodium alginate film	811:835	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	0	41	theme	Ag	23:24	arg1	@					25:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@	0:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@	0:25	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	9	42	theme	great	1481:1485	arg1	potential					1487:1495	great potential	1481:1495	great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications	1481:1559	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	2	43	theme	spraying	290:297	arg1	assembly					308:315	the spraying mediated assembly	286:315	the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	286:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	9	44	theme	such	1408:1411	arg1	film					1418:1421	such AGSA film	1408:1421	such AGSA film	1408:1421	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	2	45	theme	wound	407:411	arg1	healing					413:419	effective wound healing	397:419	effective wound healing	397:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	0	46	theme	Graphene	34:41	arg1	Film					75:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film	34:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing	34:96	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	2	47	theme	effective	397:405	arg1	healing					413:419	effective wound healing	397:419	effective wound healing	397:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	6	48	theme	pathogenic	1058:1067	arg1	infections					1079:1088	pathogenic microbial infections	1058:1088	pathogenic microbial infections	1058:1088	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	1	49	theme	versatile	205:213	arg1	biomaterials					229:240	versatile antimicrobial biomaterials	205:240	versatile antimicrobial biomaterials	205:240	With the emerging of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens, there raise the interest of utilizing versatile antimicrobial biomaterials to treat the acute wound.
29062048	3	50	theme	obtained	426:433	arg1	film					435:438	The obtained film	422:438	The obtained film	422:438	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	7	51	from	experiments	1112:1122	arg1	rats					1127:1130	rats	1127:1130	rats	1127:1130	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
29062048	7	52	theme	AGSA	1156:1159	arg1	film					1161:1164	AGSA film	1156:1164	AGSA film	1156:1164	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
29062048	8	53	theme	toxicity	1267:1274	arg1	assessment					1276:1285	in vivo toxicity assessment	1259:1285	in vivo toxicity assessment	1259:1285	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	9	54	dep	indicated	1398:1406	arg1	has					1423:1425	has	1423:1425	has promising performance for wound healing	1423:1465	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	1	55	theme	antimicrobial	215:227	arg1	biomaterials					229:240	versatile antimicrobial biomaterials	205:240	versatile antimicrobial biomaterials	205:240	With the emerging of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens, there raise the interest of utilizing versatile antimicrobial biomaterials to treat the acute wound.
29062048	0	56	theme	Alginate	56:63	arg1	Film					75:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film	34:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing	34:96	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	9	57	theme	wound	1453:1457	arg1	healing					1459:1465	wound healing	1453:1465	wound healing	1453:1465	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	2	58	theme	@	337:337	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	0	59	theme	Oxide-Sodium	43:54	arg1	Film					75:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film	34:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing	34:96	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	6	60	theme	antimicrobial	911:923	arg1	activities					925:934	effective antimicrobial activities	901:934	effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans	901:1004	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	9	61	from	work	1393:1396	arg1	Results					1375:1381	Results	1375:1381	Results from this work	1375:1396	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	1	62	theme	fungal	149:154	arg1	pathogens					156:164	drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens	120:164	drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens	120:164	With the emerging of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens, there raise the interest of utilizing versatile antimicrobial biomaterials to treat the acute wound.
29062048	3	63	theme	"	515:515	arg1	structure					517:525	the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure	486:525	the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre	486:534	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	2	64	theme	Ag	335:336	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	9	65	theme	engineering	1536:1546	arg1	applications					1548:1559	tissue engineering applications	1529:1559	tissue engineering applications	1529:1559	Results from this work indicated such AGSA film has promising performance for wound healing and suggested great potential for nacre-mimic biomaterials in tissue engineering applications.
29062048	6	66	theme	effective	901:909	arg1	activities					925:934	effective antimicrobial activities	901:934	effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans	901:1004	In the wound healing study, the AGSA film showed effective antimicrobial activities towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, demonstrating the ability of protecting wound from pathogenic microbial infections.
29062048	1	67	theme	drug-resistant	120:133	arg1	pathogens					156:164	drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens	120:164	drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens	120:164	With the emerging of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens, there raise the interest of utilizing versatile antimicrobial biomaterials to treat the acute wound.
29062048	1	68	theme	bacterial	135:143	arg1	pathogens					156:164	drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens	120:164	drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens	120:164	With the emerging of drug-resistant bacterial and fungal pathogens, there raise the interest of utilizing versatile antimicrobial biomaterials to treat the acute wound.
29062048	8	69	theme	MTT	1221:1223	arg1	assays					1225:1230	MTT assays	1221:1230	MTT assays	1221:1230	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	2	70	theme	bio-inspired	322:333	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	3	71	theme	lamellar	450:457	arg1	microstructures					459:473	lamellar microstructures	450:473	lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre	450:534	The obtained film displayed lamellar microstructures similar to the typical "brick-and-mortar" structure in nacre.
29062048	8	72	theme	in	1259:1260	arg1	assessment					1276:1285	in vivo toxicity assessment	1259:1285	in vivo toxicity assessment	1259:1285	According to MTT assays, heamolysis evaluation and in vivo toxicity assessment, the composite film could be applied as a bio-compatible material in vitro and in vivo.
29062048	4	73	theme	remarkable	664:673	arg1	reinforcement					675:687	remarkable reinforcement	664:687	remarkable reinforcement	664:687	In this nacre-mimic structure, there are abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix, leading to remarkable reinforcement.
29062048	4	74	theme	polymeric	635:643	arg1	matrix					645:650	polymeric matrix	635:650	polymeric matrix	635:650	In this nacre-mimic structure, there are abundant interfacial interactions between nanosheets and polymeric matrix, leading to remarkable reinforcement.
29062048	0	75	theme	Composite	65:73	arg1	Film					75:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film	34:78	Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing	34:96	Nacre-mimic Reinforced Ag@reduced Graphene Oxide-Sodium Alginate Composite Film for Wound Healing.
29062048	5	76	theme	pure	811:814	arg1	film					832:835	pure sodium alginate film	811:835	pure sodium alginate film	811:835	As a result, the tensile strength, toughness and Young's modulus have been improved 2.8, 2.3 and 2.7 times compared with pure sodium alginate film, respectively.
29062048	2	77	theme	alginate	362:369	arg1	film					388:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film	320:391	a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing	320:419	Herein, we report the spraying mediated assembly of a bio-inspired Ag@reduced graphene-sodium alginate (AGSA) composite film for effective wound healing.
29062048	7	78	theme	sites	1201:1205	arg1	recovery					1183:1190	the recovery	1179:1190	the recovery of wound sites	1179:1205	Furthermore, in vivo experiments on rats suggested the effect of AGSA film in promoting the recovery of wound sites.
28535609	9	0	theme	BHI	1698:1700	arg1	medium					1702:1707	BHI medium	1698:1707	BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source	1698:1748	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	4	1	theme	527	717:719	arg1	MW					711:712	MW	711:712	MW of 527 and 689	711:727	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	9	2	contain	containing	1709:1718	arg2	β-GOS					1720:1724	β-GOS	1720:1724	β-GOS	1720:1724	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	9	2	contain	containing	1709:1718	arg1	medium					1702:1707	BHI medium	1698:1707	BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source	1698:1748	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	9	2	contain	containing	1709:1718	arg2	source					1743:1748	a sole carbon source	1729:1748	a sole carbon source	1729:1748	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	4	3	theme	689	725:727	arg1	MW					711:712	MW	711:712	MW of 527 and 689	711:727	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	10	4	theme	beneficial	1866:1875	arg1	change					1877:1882	the beneficial change	1862:1882	the beneficial change of intestinal microbial flora	1862:1912	Consequently, the β-GOS are expected to contribute to the beneficial change of intestinal microbial flora.
28535609	1	5	theme	microflora	279:288	arg1	composition					253:263	the composition	249:263	the composition of intestinal microflora	249:288	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) are known to be selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium, which can bring about healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora.
28535609	9	6	theme	sole	1731:1734	arg1	source					1743:1748	a sole carbon source	1729:1748	a sole carbon source	1729:1748	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	9	6	theme	sole	1731:1734	arg1	β-GOS					1720:1724	β-GOS	1720:1724	β-GOS	1720:1724	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	8	7	theme	BHI	1448:1450	arg1	medium					1452:1457	BHI medium	1448:1457	BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source	1448:1498	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	9	8	theme	Only	1587:1590	arg1	fragilis					1604:1611	Only Bacteroides fragilis	1587:1611	Only Bacteroides fragilis	1587:1611	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	5	9	theme	1→4	916:918	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					920:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	9	theme	1→4	916:918	arg1	trisaccharides					831:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	4	10	theme	desorption	598:607	arg1	spectrometry					640:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	574:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	8	11	theme	prebiotic	1363:1371	arg1	effect					1373:1378	the prebiotic effect	1359:1378	the prebiotic effect	1359:1378	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	9	12	theme	Bacteroides	1592:1602	arg1	fragilis					1604:1611	Only Bacteroides fragilis	1587:1611	Only Bacteroides fragilis	1587:1611	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	6	13	theme	recombinant	1172:1182	arg1	β-galactosidase					1184:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	13	theme	recombinant	1172:1182	arg1	substrate					1230:1238	a substrate	1228:1238	a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C	1228:1257	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	13	theme	recombinant	1172:1182	arg1	%					1206:1206	36%	1204:1206	36% (w/v) of lactose	1204:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	13	theme	recombinant	1172:1182	arg1	lactose					1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	4	14	theme	polymerization	779:792	arg1	degrees					768:774	degrees	768:774	degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively	768:824	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	4	15	theme	β-GOSs	697:702	arg1	peaks					675:679	the major peaks	665:679	the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	665:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	4	16	theme	mass	635:638	arg1	spectrometry					640:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	574:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	6	17	theme	purified	1163:1170	arg1	β-galactosidase					1184:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	17	theme	purified	1163:1170	arg1	substrate					1230:1238	a substrate	1228:1238	a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C	1228:1257	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	17	theme	purified	1163:1170	arg1	%					1206:1206	36%	1204:1206	36% (w/v) of lactose	1204:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	17	theme	purified	1163:1170	arg1	lactose					1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	4	18	theme	major	669:673	arg1	peaks					675:679	the major peaks	665:679	the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	665:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	8	19	theme	same	1574:1577	arg1	medium					1579:1584	the same medium	1570:1584	the same medium	1570:1584	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	5	20	theme	β-D-galactopyranosyl-	986:1006	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					1071:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	20	theme	β-D-galactopyranosyl-	986:1006	arg1	tetrasaccharides					950:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	4	21	theme	time-of-flight	620:633	arg1	spectrometry					640:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	574:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	3	22	theme	purified	494:501	arg1	G1					515:516	The purified recombinant G1	490:516	The purified recombinant G1	490:516	The purified recombinant G1 showed maximum production of β-GOSs at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	1	23	used	utilized	179:186	arg2	GOSs					145:148	GOSs	145:148	GOSs	145:148	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) are known to be selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium, which can bring about healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora.
28535609	1	23	used	utilized	179:186	arg2	Galactooligosaccharides					120:142	Galactooligosaccharides	120:142	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs)	120:149	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) are known to be selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium, which can bring about healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora.
28535609	7	24	theme	reaction	1281:1288	arg1	min					1270:1272	140 min	1266:1272	140 min of the reaction under this condition	1266:1309	After 140 min of the reaction under this condition, 268.3 g/l of GOSs was obtained.
28535609	2	25	theme	GOS	418:420	arg1	yield					422:426	a high GOS yield	411:426	a high GOS yield	411:426	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	6	26	from	pH	1243:1244	arg1	β-galactosidase					1184:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	26	from	pH	1243:1244	arg1	substrate					1230:1238	a substrate	1228:1238	a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C	1228:1257	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	26	from	pH	1243:1244	arg1	%					1206:1206	36%	1204:1206	36% (w/v) of lactose	1204:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	26	from	pH	1243:1244	arg1	lactose					1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	4	27	theme	ionization	609:618	arg1	spectrometry					640:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	574:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	8	28	dep	effect	1373:1378	arg1	regard					1349:1354	regard	1349:1354	regard	1349:1354	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	4	29	theme	spectrometry	640:651	arg1	analysis					653:660	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis	574:660	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	2	30	theme	high	413:416	arg1	yield					422:426	a high GOS yield	411:426	a high GOS yield	411:426	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	2	31	theme	bifidogenic	468:478	arg1	activity					480:487	enhanced bifidogenic activity	459:487	enhanced bifidogenic activity	459:487	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	8	32	theme	carbon	1486:1491	arg1	source					1493:1498	a sole carbon source	1479:1498	a sole carbon source	1479:1498	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	8	32	theme	carbon	1486:1491	arg1	β-GOS					1470:1474	β-GOS	1470:1474	β-GOS	1470:1474	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	4	33	theme	β-GOSs	758:763	arg1	synthesis					745:753	the synthesis	741:753	the synthesis of β-GOSs	741:763	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	8	34	contain	containing	1459:1468	arg2	β-GOS					1470:1474	β-GOS	1470:1474	β-GOS	1470:1474	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	8	34	contain	containing	1459:1468	arg2	source					1493:1498	a sole carbon source	1479:1498	a sole carbon source	1479:1498	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	8	34	contain	containing	1459:1468	arg1	medium					1452:1457	BHI medium	1448:1457	BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source	1448:1498	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	6	35	theme	production	1105:1114	arg1	high					1137:1140	high	1137:1140	high	1137:1140	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	35	theme	production	1105:1114	arg1	yield					1116:1120	The maximal production yield	1093:1120	The maximal production yield of GOSs	1093:1128	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	2	36	theme	enhanced	459:466	arg1	activity					480:487	enhanced bifidogenic activity	459:487	enhanced bifidogenic activity	459:487	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	8	37	theme	sole	1481:1484	arg1	source					1493:1498	a sole carbon source	1479:1498	a sole carbon source	1479:1498	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	8	37	theme	sole	1481:1484	arg1	β-GOS					1470:1474	β-GOS	1470:1474	β-GOS	1470:1474	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	2	38	theme	bifidobacterial	335:349	arg1	G1					368:369	G1	368:369	G1	368:369	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	2	38	theme	bifidobacterial	335:349	arg1	β-galactosidase					351:365	bifidobacterial β-galactosidase	335:365	bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli	335:404	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	5	39	theme	1→4	887:889	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					920:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	39	theme	1→4	887:889	arg1	trisaccharides					831:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	7	40	theme	GOSs	1325:1328	arg1	g/l					1318:1320	268.3 g/l	1312:1320	268.3 g/l of GOSs	1312:1328	After 140 min of the reaction under this condition, 268.3 g/l of GOSs was obtained.
28535609	2	41	theme	high	437:440	arg1	productivity					442:453	high productivity	437:453	high productivity	437:453	In this study, β-GOS were synthesized using bifidobacterial β-galactosidase (G1) purified from recombinant E. coli with a high GOS yield and with high productivity and enhanced bifidogenic activity.
28535609	0	42	theme	β-Galactooligosaccharide	13:36	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis of β-Galactooligosaccharide	0:36	Synthesis of β-Galactooligosaccharide Using Bifidobacterial β-Galactosidase Purified from Recombinant Escherichia coli.
28535609	4	43	theme	laser	592:596	arg1	spectrometry					640:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	574:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	6	44	theme	GOSs	1125:1128	arg1	high					1137:1140	high	1137:1140	high	1137:1140	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	44	theme	GOSs	1125:1128	arg1	yield					1116:1120	The maximal production yield	1093:1120	The maximal production yield of GOSs	1093:1128	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	1	45	theme	healthy	230:236	arg1	changes					238:244	healthy changes	230:244	healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora	230:288	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) are known to be selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium, which can bring about healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora.
28535609	4	46	theme	matrix-assisted	576:590	arg1	spectrometry					640:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	574:651	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	6	47	theme	maximal	1097:1103	arg1	high					1137:1140	high	1137:1140	high	1137:1140	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	47	theme	maximal	1097:1103	arg1	yield					1116:1120	The maximal production yield	1093:1120	The maximal production yield of GOSs	1093:1128	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	0	48	theme	Bifidobacterial	44:58	arg1	β-Galactosidase					60:74	Bifidobacterial β-Galactosidase	44:74	Bifidobacterial β-Galactosidase Purified from Recombinant Escherichia coli	44:117	Synthesis of β-Galactooligosaccharide Using Bifidobacterial β-Galactosidase Purified from Recombinant Escherichia coli.
28535609	5	49	theme	β-D-galactopyranosyl-	865:885	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					920:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	49	theme	β-D-galactopyranosyl-	865:885	arg1	trisaccharides					831:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	9	50	theme	remaining	1755:1763	arg1	pathogens					1765:1773	the remaining pathogens	1751:1773	the remaining pathogens	1751:1773	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	4	51	theme	DP4	808:810	arg1	polymerization					779:792	polymerization	779:792	polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively	779:824	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	4	51	theme	DP4	808:810	arg1	DP					795:796	DP	795:796	DP	795:796	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	9	52	theme	carbon	1736:1741	arg1	source					1743:1748	a sole carbon source	1729:1748	a sole carbon source	1729:1748	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	9	52	theme	carbon	1736:1741	arg1	β-GOS					1720:1724	β-GOS	1720:1724	β-GOS	1720:1724	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	10	53	theme	flora	1908:1912	arg1	change					1877:1882	the beneficial change	1862:1882	the beneficial change of intestinal microbial flora	1862:1912	Consequently, the β-GOS are expected to contribute to the beneficial change of intestinal microbial flora.
28535609	8	54	theme	tested	1392:1397	arg1	Bifidobacterium					1399:1413	the tested Bifidobacterium	1388:1413	the tested Bifidobacterium	1388:1413	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	6	55	theme	lactose	1217:1223	arg1	w/v					1209:1211	w/v	1209:1211	w/v	1209:1211	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	55	theme	lactose	1217:1223	arg1	β-galactosidase					1184:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	55	theme	lactose	1217:1223	arg1	%					1206:1206	36%	1204:1206	36% (w/v) of lactose	1204:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	55	theme	lactose	1217:1223	arg1	substrate					1230:1238	a substrate	1228:1238	a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C	1228:1257	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	55	theme	lactose	1217:1223	arg1	lactose					1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	10	56	theme	intestinal	1887:1896	arg1	flora					1908:1912	intestinal microbial flora	1887:1912	intestinal microbial flora	1887:1912	Consequently, the β-GOS are expected to contribute to the beneficial change of intestinal microbial flora.
28535609	10	57	theme	microbial	1898:1906	arg1	flora					1908:1912	intestinal microbial flora	1887:1912	intestinal microbial flora	1887:1912	Consequently, the β-GOS are expected to contribute to the beneficial change of intestinal microbial flora.
28535609	9	58	theme	Clostridium	1614:1624	arg1	ramosum					1626:1632	Clostridium ramosum	1614:1632	Clostridium ramosum	1614:1632	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	5	59	theme	1→4	1067:1069	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					1071:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	59	theme	1→4	1067:1069	arg1	tetrasaccharides					950:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	3	60	theme	maximum	525:531	arg1	production					533:542	maximum production	525:542	maximum production of β-GOSs	525:552	The purified recombinant G1 showed maximum production of β-GOSs at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	5	61	theme	1→4	1038:1040	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					1071:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	61	theme	1→4	1038:1040	arg1	tetrasaccharides					950:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	62	theme	-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-	1042:1065	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					1071:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	62	theme	-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-	1042:1065	arg1	tetrasaccharides					950:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	3	63	theme	recombinant	503:513	arg1	G1					515:516	The purified recombinant G1	490:516	The purified recombinant G1	490:516	The purified recombinant G1 showed maximum production of β-GOSs at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	64	from	45°C	1254:1257	arg1	β-galactosidase					1184:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	purified recombinant β-galactosidase	1163:1198	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	64	from	45°C	1254:1257	arg1	substrate					1230:1238	a substrate	1228:1238	a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C	1228:1257	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	64	from	45°C	1254:1257	arg1	%					1206:1206	36%	1204:1206	36% (w/v) of lactose	1204:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	6	64	from	45°C	1254:1257	arg1	lactose					1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	lactose	1217:1223	The maximal production yield of GOSs was as high as 25.3% (w/v) using purified recombinant β-galactosidase and 36% (w/v) of lactose as a substrate at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	5	65	theme	1→4	1008:1010	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					1071:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	65	theme	1→4	1008:1010	arg1	tetrasaccharides					950:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	66	theme	-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-	1012:1035	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					1071:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	986:1090	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	66	theme	-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-	1012:1035	arg1	tetrasaccharides					950:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	the tetrasaccharides	946:965	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	1	67	theme	composition	253:263	arg1	changes					238:244	healthy changes	230:244	healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora	230:288	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) are known to be selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium, which can bring about healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora.
28535609	8	68	theme	B.	1426:1427	arg1	breve					1429:1433	B. breve	1426:1433	B. breve	1426:1433	With regard to the prebiotic effect, all of the tested Bifidobacterium except for B. breve grew well in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source, whereas lactobacilli and Streptococcus thermophilus scarcely grew in the same medium.
28535609	4	69	theme	peaks	675:679	arg1	analysis					653:660	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis	574:660	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs	574:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	3	70	theme	β-GOSs	547:552	arg1	production					533:542	maximum production	525:542	maximum production of β-GOSs	525:552	The purified recombinant G1 showed maximum production of β-GOSs at pH 8.5 and 45°C.
28535609	4	71	theme	produced	688:695	arg1	β-GOSs					697:702	the produced β-GOSs	684:702	the produced β-GOSs	684:702	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	4	72	theme	3	802:802	arg1	polymerization					779:792	polymerization	779:792	polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively	779:824	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	4	72	theme	3	802:802	arg1	DP					795:796	DP	795:796	DP	795:796	A matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of the major peaks of the produced β-GOSs showed MW of 527 and 689, indicating the synthesis of β-GOSs at degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and DP4, respectively.
28535609	5	73	theme	-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-	891:914	arg1	-O-β-D-glucopyranose					920:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose	865:939	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	5	73	theme	-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-	891:914	arg1	trisaccharides					831:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides	827:844	The trisaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose, and the tetrasaccharides were identified as β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- (1→4)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranose.
28535609	9	74	theme	same	1795:1798	arg1	medium					1800:1805	the same medium	1791:1805	the same medium	1791:1805	Only Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium ramosum, and Enterobacter cloacae among the 17 pathogens tested grew in BHI medium containing β-GOS as a sole carbon source; the remaining pathogens did not grow in the same medium.
28535609	1	75	theme	intestinal	268:277	arg1	microflora					279:288	intestinal microflora	268:288	intestinal microflora	268:288	Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) are known to be selectively utilized by Bifidobacterium, which can bring about healthy changes of the composition of intestinal microflora.
26723257	0	0	theme	fiber	90:94	arg1	formation					96:104	elastic fiber formation	82:104	elastic fiber formation	82:104	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	4	1	from	knockdown	808:816	arg1	cells					837:841	LMS cells	833:841	LMS cells	833:841	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	4	2	theme	siRNA-directed	793:806	arg1	knockdown					808:816	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown	780:816	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells	780:841	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	4	3	theme	LMS	833:835	arg1	cells					837:841	LMS cells	833:841	LMS cells	833:841	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	4	4	theme	mRNA	955:958	arg1	analyses					972:979	mRNA and protein analyses	955:979	mRNA and protein analyses	955:979	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	7	5	dep	analysis	1424:1431	arg1	validation					1462:1471	array validation	1456:1471	array validation	1456:1471	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	0	6	theme	elastic	82:88	arg1	formation					96:104	elastic fiber formation	82:104	elastic fiber formation	82:104	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	3	7	theme	smooth	634:639	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	4	8	theme	Constitutive	780:791	arg1	knockdown					808:816	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown	780:816	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells	780:841	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	5	9	theme	versican	992:999	arg1	cells					1011:1015	versican siRNA LMS cells	992:1015	versican siRNA LMS cells	992:1015	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	5	10	theme	control	1180:1186	arg1	tumors					1188:1193	control tumors	1180:1193	control tumors	1180:1193	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	3	11	theme	nude	756:759	arg1	model					773:777	a nude mouse tumor model	754:777	a nude mouse tumor model	754:777	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	2	12	theme	ECM	486:488	arg1	components					490:499	the ECM components	482:499	the ECM components	482:499	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	1	13	theme	cell	332:335	arg1	behavior					337:344	cell behavior	332:344	cell behavior	332:344	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	4	14	theme	protein	964:970	arg1	analyses					972:979	mRNA and protein analyses	955:979	mRNA and protein analyses	955:979	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	1	15	theme	other	252:256	arg1	components					262:271	other ECM components	252:271	other ECM components	252:271	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	6	16	theme	modulation	1287:1296	arg1	influence					1257:1265	the influence	1253:1265	the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles	1253:1324	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	5	17	theme	siRNA	1001:1005	arg1	cells					1011:1015	versican siRNA LMS cells	992:1015	versican siRNA LMS cells	992:1015	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	7	18	theme	cDNA	1408:1411	arg1	analysis					1424:1431	cDNA microarray analysis	1408:1431	cDNA microarray analysis	1408:1431	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	1	19	theme	ECM	258:260	arg1	components					262:271	other ECM components	252:271	other ECM components	252:271	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	0	20	theme	SK-LMS-1	115:122	arg1	cells					153:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	5	21	theme	LMS	1007:1009	arg1	cells					1011:1015	versican siRNA LMS cells	992:1015	versican siRNA LMS cells	992:1015	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	5	22	contain	had	1078:1080	arg2	immunohistochemical					1104:1122	immunohistochemical	1104:1122	immunohistochemical	1104:1122	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	5	22	contain	had	1078:1080	arg1	tumors					1066:1071	smaller tumors	1058:1071	smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors	1058:1193	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	5	22	contain	had	1078:1080	arg2	staining					1142:1149	greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining	1096:1149	staining	1142:1149	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	5	23	theme	histochemical	1128:1140	arg1	staining					1142:1149	greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining	1096:1149	staining	1142:1149	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	6	24	theme	expression	1306:1315	arg1	profiles					1317:1324	gene expression profiles	1301:1324	gene expression profiles	1301:1324	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	0	25	theme	human	109:113	arg1	cells					153:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	6	26	theme	versican	1270:1277	arg1	modulation					1287:1296	versican isoform modulation	1270:1296	versican isoform modulation	1270:1296	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	6	27	from	influence	1257:1265	arg1	profiles					1317:1324	gene expression profiles	1301:1324	gene expression profiles	1301:1324	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	6	28	theme	isoform	1279:1285	arg1	modulation					1287:1296	versican isoform modulation	1270:1296	versican isoform modulation	1270:1296	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	8	29	dep	expression	1674:1683	arg1	the					1670:1672	the	1670:1672	the	1670:1672	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	3	30	dep	line	653:656	arg1	SK-LMS-1					658:665	SK-LMS-1	658:665	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	4	31	theme	elastin	875:881	arg1	levels					865:870	increased levels	855:870	increased levels of elastin	855:881	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	4	32	theme	versican	821:828	arg1	knockdown					808:816	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown	780:816	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells	780:841	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	3	33	theme	muscle	641:646	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	7	34	theme	microarray	1413:1422	arg1	analysis					1424:1431	cDNA microarray analysis	1408:1431	cDNA microarray analysis	1408:1431	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	7	35	theme	TaqMan	1437:1442	arg1	density					1448:1454	TaqMan low density	1437:1454	TaqMan low density	1437:1454	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	8	36	theme	elastin	1701:1707	arg1	phenotype					1717:1725	the phenotype	1713:1725	the phenotype of LMS cells	1713:1738	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	8	36	theme	elastin	1701:1707	arg1	assembly					1689:1696	assembly	1689:1696	assembly	1689:1696	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	8	36	theme	elastin	1701:1707	arg1	expression					1674:1683	expression	1674:1683	expression	1674:1683	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	0	37	theme	expression	23:32	arg1	Inhibition					0:9	Inhibition	0:9	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA	0:41	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	3	38	theme	elastin	698:704	arg1	formation					685:693	the formation	681:693	the formation of elastin and elastic fibers	681:723	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	0	39	theme	smooth	139:144	arg1	cells					153:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	7	40	theme	unreported	1495:1504	arg1	genes					1506:1510	previously unreported genes	1484:1510	previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican	1484:1553	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	6	41	theme	gene	1301:1304	arg1	profiles					1317:1324	gene expression profiles	1301:1324	gene expression profiles	1301:1324	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	2	42	theme	cancers	392:398	arg1	number					382:387	a number	380:387	a number of cancers	380:398	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	0	43	theme	versican	14:21	arg1	expression					23:32	versican expression	14:32	versican expression	14:32	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	4	44	theme	cells	932:936	arg1	staining					916:923	immunohistochemical staining	896:923	immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro	896:945	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	0	45	theme	leiomyosarcoma	124:137	arg1	cells					153:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	4	46	theme	increased	855:863	arg1	levels					865:870	increased levels	855:870	increased levels of elastin	855:881	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	8	47	theme	proteoglycan	1634:1645	arg1	versican					1647:1654	the proteoglycan versican	1630:1654	the proteoglycan versican	1630:1654	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	1	48	theme	extracellular	196:208	arg1	ECM					218:220	ECM	218:220	ECM	218:220	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	1	48	theme	extracellular	196:208	arg1	matrix					210:215	extracellular matrix	196:215	an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior	193:344	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	1	49	theme	ECM	286:288	arg1	organization					290:301	ECM organization	286:301	ECM organization	286:301	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	3	50	theme	human	607:611	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	6	51	theme	microarray	1210:1219	arg1	analyses					1221:1228	microarray analyses	1210:1228	microarray analyses	1210:1228	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	6	52	theme	elastogenesis	1393:1405	arg1	process					1382:1388	the process	1378:1388	the process of elastogenesis	1378:1405	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
26723257	1	53	theme	matrix	210:215	arg1	molecule					223:230	an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule	193:230	an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior	193:344	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	1	53	theme	matrix	210:215	arg1	Versican					181:188	Versican	181:188	Versican	181:188	Versican is an extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule that interacts with other ECM components to influence ECM organization, stability, composition, and cell behavior.
26723257	3	54	theme	fibers	718:723	arg1	formation					685:693	the formation	681:693	the formation of elastin and elastic fibers	681:723	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	0	55	theme	muscle	146:151	arg1	cells					153:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells	109:157	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	5	56	theme	smaller	1058:1064	arg1	tumors					1066:1071	smaller tumors	1058:1071	smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors	1058:1193	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	0	57	theme	tropoelastin	55:66	arg1	synthesis					68:76	tropoelastin synthesis	55:76	tropoelastin synthesis	55:76	Inhibition of versican expression by siRNA facilitates tropoelastin synthesis and elastic fiber formation by human SK-LMS-1 leiomyosarcoma smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo.
26723257	3	58	from	siRNAs	593:598	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	2	59	from	amount	455:460	arg1	microenvironment					514:529	the tumor microenvironment	504:529	the tumor microenvironment	504:529	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	3	60	theme	present	539:545	arg1	study					547:551	the present study	535:551	the present study	535:551	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	7	61	theme	array	1456:1460	arg1	validation					1462:1471	array validation	1456:1471	array validation	1456:1471	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	2	62	theme	components	490:499	arg1	amount					455:460	amount	455:460	amount	455:460	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	2	62	theme	components	490:499	arg1	components					490:499	the ECM components	482:499	the ECM components	482:499	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	2	62	theme	components	490:499	arg1	organization					466:477	organization	466:477	organization	466:477	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	2	63	theme	tumor	508:512	arg1	microenvironment					514:529	the tumor microenvironment	504:529	the tumor microenvironment	504:529	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	3	64	theme	LMS	629:631	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	7	65	theme	low	1444:1446	arg1	density					1448:1454	TaqMan low density	1437:1454	TaqMan low density	1437:1454	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	8	66	theme	cells	1734:1738	arg1	phenotype					1717:1725	the phenotype	1713:1725	the phenotype of LMS cells	1713:1738	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	8	66	theme	cells	1734:1738	arg1	assembly					1689:1696	assembly	1689:1696	assembly	1689:1696	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	8	66	theme	cells	1734:1738	arg1	expression					1674:1683	expression	1674:1683	expression	1674:1683	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	3	67	theme	elastic	710:716	arg1	fibers					718:723	elastic fibers	710:723	elastic fibers	710:723	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	2	68	from	organization	466:477	arg1	microenvironment					514:529	the tumor microenvironment	504:529	the tumor microenvironment	504:529	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	8	69	theme	LMS	1730:1732	arg1	cells					1734:1738	LMS cells	1730:1738	LMS cells	1730:1738	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	8	70	theme	important	1611:1619	arg1	role					1621:1624	an important role	1608:1624	an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells	1608:1738	These results highlight an important role for the proteoglycan versican in regulating the expression and assembly of elastin and the phenotype of LMS cells.
26723257	4	71	theme	immunohistochemical	896:914	arg1	staining					916:923	immunohistochemical staining	896:923	immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro	896:945	Constitutive siRNA-directed knockdown of versican in LMS cells resulted in increased levels of elastin, as shown by immunohistochemical staining of the cells in vitro, and by mRNA and protein analyses.
26723257	2	72	dep	amount	455:460	arg1	the					451:453	the	451:453	the	451:453	Versican is known to increase in a number of cancers, but little is known about how versican influences the amount and organization of the ECM components in the tumor microenvironment.
26723257	3	73	theme	leiomyosarcoma	613:626	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	3	74	theme	mouse	761:765	arg1	model					773:777	a nude mouse tumor model	754:777	a nude mouse tumor model	754:777	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	7	75	theme	versican	1546:1553	arg1	downregulation					1528:1541	downregulation	1528:1541	downregulation of versican	1528:1553	cDNA microarray analysis and TaqMan low density array validation identified previously unreported genes associated with downregulation of versican and increased elastogenesis.
26723257	5	76	dep	immunohistochemical	1104:1122	arg1	greater					1096:1102	greater	1096:1102	greater	1096:1102	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	5	77	theme	nude	1037:1040	arg1	mice					1042:1045	nude mice	1037:1045	nude mice	1037:1045	Moreover, versican siRNA LMS cells, when injected into nude mice, generated smaller tumors that had significantly greater immunohistochemical and histochemical staining for elastin when compared to control tumors.
26723257	3	78	theme	tumor	767:771	arg1	model					773:777	a nude mouse tumor model	754:777	a nude mouse tumor model	754:777	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	3	79	theme	cell	648:651	arg1	line					653:656	human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line	607:656	the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1	603:665	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	3	80	theme	versican	567:574	arg1	expression					576:585	versican expression	567:585	versican expression	567:585	In the present study, we modulated versican expression using siRNAs in the human leiomyosarcoma (LMS) smooth muscle cell line SK-LMS-1, and observed the formation of elastin and elastic fibers in vitro and also in vivo in a nude mouse tumor model.
26723257	6	81	used	used	1235:1238	arg2	analyses					1221:1228	microarray analyses	1210:1228	microarray analyses	1210:1228	Additionally, microarray analyses were used to determine the influence of versican isoform modulation on gene expression profiles, and to identify genes that influence and relate to the process of elastogenesis.
25379781	7	0	theme	infusion	1323:1330	arg1	fluids					1332:1337	infusion fluids	1323:1337	infusion fluids	1323:1337	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	1	theme	underlying	1203:1212	arg1	disease					1214:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	9	2	theme	incidence	1525:1533	arg1	rates					1535:1539	Occlusion incidence rates	1515:1539	Occlusion incidence rates	1515:1539	Occlusion incidence rates were 0.2/year for heparin and 0.1/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	4	3	theme	lock	597:600	arg1	strategy					602:609	this catheter lock strategy	583:609	this catheter lock strategy	583:609	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	4	4	theme	occlusions	676:685	arg1	occurrence					618:627	the occurrence	614:627	the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients	614:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	7	5	theme	suppressives	1255:1266	arg1	use					1223:1225	use	1223:1225	use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives	1223:1266	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	5	theme	suppressives	1255:1266	arg1	disease					1214:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	5	theme	suppressives	1255:1266	arg1	composition					1308:1318	composition	1308:1318	composition of infusion fluids	1308:1337	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	5	theme	suppressives	1255:1266	arg1	frequency					1269:1277	frequency	1269:1277	frequency of HPN/fluid administration	1269:1305	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	5	theme	suppressives	1255:1266	arg1	duration					1344:1351	duration	1344:1351	duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation	1344:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	5	6	theme	catheter	897:904	arg1	therapy					911:917	catheter lock therapy	897:917	catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine	897:946	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	7	7	theme	immune	1248:1253	arg1	suppressives					1255:1266	immune suppressives	1248:1266	immune suppressives	1248:1266	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	4	8	theme	HPN	690:692	arg1	patients					694:701	HPN patients	690:701	HPN patients	690:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	2	9	theme	HPN	296:298	arg1	patients					300:307	HPN patients	296:307	HPN patients presenting with catheter sepsis	296:339	We have previously shown in HPN patients presenting with catheter sepsis that catheter locking with taurolidine dramatically reduced re-infections when compared with heparin.
25379781	6	10	theme	incidence	1029:1037	arg1	rates					1039:1043	occlusion incidence rates	1019:1043	occlusion incidence rates	1019:1043	We evaluated catheter-related bloodstream infection and occlusion incidence rates using Poisson-normal regression analysis.
25379781	4	11	theme	catheter-related	632:647	arg1	infections					661:670	catheter-related bloodstream infections	632:670	catheter-related bloodstream infections	632:670	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	10	12	theme	interval	1700:1707	arg1	5.9					1680:1682	5.9	1680:1682	5.9	1680:1682	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	10	12	theme	interval	1700:1707	arg1	%					1687:1687	95%	1685:1687	95% confidence interval	1685:1707	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	5	13	theme	catheter-related	720:735	arg1	complications					737:749	catheter-related complications	720:749	catheter-related complications	720:749	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	4	14	theme	infections	661:670	arg1	occurrence					618:627	the occurrence	614:627	the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients	614:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	10	15	dep	%	1687:1687	arg1	3.9-8.7					1710:1716	3.9-8.7	1710:1716	3.9-8.7	1710:1716	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	7	16	theme	rate	1097:1100	arg1	ratios					1102:1107	Incidence rate ratios	1087:1107	Incidence rate ratios	1087:1107	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	9	17	theme	locked	1596:1601	arg1	catheters					1603:1611	taurolidine locked catheters	1584:1611	taurolidine locked catheters	1584:1611	Occlusion incidence rates were 0.2/year for heparin and 0.1/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	6	18	theme	bloodstream	993:1003	arg1	infection					1005:1013	catheter-related bloodstream infection	976:1013	catheter-related bloodstream infection	976:1013	We evaluated catheter-related bloodstream infection and occlusion incidence rates using Poisson-normal regression analysis.
25379781	11	19	theme	observation	1916:1926	arg1	period					1928:1933	the observation period	1912:1933	the observation period	1912:1933	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	7	20	theme	dividing	1128:1135	arg1	rates					1147:1151	dividing incidence rates	1128:1151	dividing incidence rates of heparin	1128:1162	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	8	21	theme	Bloodstream	1404:1414	arg1	rates					1436:1440	Bloodstream infection incidence rates	1404:1440	Bloodstream infection incidence rates	1404:1440	RESULTS Bloodstream infection incidence rates were 1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	11	22	theme	other	1831:1835	arg1	changes					1848:1854	no other procedural changes	1828:1854	no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy	1828:1886	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	8	23	theme	incidence	1426:1434	arg1	rates					1436:1440	Bloodstream infection incidence rates	1404:1440	Bloodstream infection incidence rates	1404:1440	RESULTS Bloodstream infection incidence rates were 1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	11	24	theme	lock	1874:1877	arg1	strategy					1879:1886	the catheter lock strategy	1861:1886	the catheter lock strategy	1861:1886	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	1	25	theme	home	154:157	arg1	HPN					181:183	HPN	181:183	HPN	181:183	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	1	25	theme	home	154:157	arg1	nutrition					170:178	home parenteral nutrition	154:178	home parenteral nutrition (HPN)	154:184	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	6	26	theme	regression	1066:1075	arg1	analysis					1077:1084	Poisson-normal regression analysis	1051:1084	Poisson-normal regression analysis	1051:1084	We evaluated catheter-related bloodstream infection and occlusion incidence rates using Poisson-normal regression analysis.
25379781	5	27	dep	METHODS	704:710	arg1	Data					712:715	Data	712:715	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications	704:749	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	0	28	theme	related	75:81	arg1	infections					95:104	catheter related bloodstream infections	66:104	catheter related bloodstream infections	66:104	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	3	29	theme	HPN	447:449	arg1	population					451:460	Our HPN population	443:460	Our HPN population	443:460	Our HPN population therefore switched from heparin to taurolidine in 2008.
25379781	0	30	theme	infections	95:104	arg1	prevention					52:61	the prevention	48:61	the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions	48:119	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	0	31	theme	Taurolidine	0:10	arg1	lock					12:15	Taurolidine lock	0:15	Taurolidine lock	0:15	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	10	32	theme	incidence	1623:1631	arg1	ratios					1633:1638	Adjusted incidence ratios	1614:1638	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine	1614:1673	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	4	33	theme	long-term	562:570	arg1	effects					572:578	long-term effects	562:578	long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients	562:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	11	34	theme	HPN	2049:2051	arg1	patients					2053:2060	HPN patients	2049:2060	HPN patients compared with heparin	2049:2082	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	8	35	theme	locked	1497:1502	arg1	catheters					1504:1512	taurolidine locked catheters	1485:1512	taurolidine locked catheters	1485:1512	RESULTS Bloodstream infection incidence rates were 1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	10	36	theme	interval	1770:1777	arg1	1.9					1750:1752	1.9	1750:1752	1.9	1750:1752	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	10	36	theme	interval	1770:1777	arg1	%					1757:1757	95%	1755:1757	95% confidence interval	1755:1777	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	7	37	theme	catheter	1377:1384	arg1	creation					1386:1393	catheter creation	1377:1393	catheter creation	1377:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	8	38	dep	RESULTS	1396:1402	arg1	1.1/year					1447:1454	1.1/year	1447:1454	1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters	1447:1512	RESULTS Bloodstream infection incidence rates were 1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	7	39	theme	use	1366:1368	arg1	use					1223:1225	use	1223:1225	use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives	1223:1266	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	39	theme	use	1366:1368	arg1	disease					1214:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	39	theme	use	1366:1368	arg1	composition					1308:1318	composition	1308:1318	composition of infusion fluids	1308:1337	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	39	theme	use	1366:1368	arg1	frequency					1269:1277	frequency	1269:1277	frequency of HPN/fluid administration	1269:1305	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	39	theme	use	1366:1368	arg1	duration					1344:1351	duration	1344:1351	duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation	1344:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	4	40	theme	study	541:545	arg1	aim					522:524	The aim	518:524	The aim of the present study	518:545	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	4	41	theme	strategy	602:609	arg1	effects					572:578	long-term effects	562:578	long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients	562:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	10	42	dep	%	1757:1757	arg1	1.1-3.1					1780:1786	1.1-3.1	1780:1786	1.1-3.1	1780:1786	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	11	43	theme	catheter-related	1991:2006	arg1	infections					2020:2029	catheter-related bloodstream infections	1991:2029	catheter-related bloodstream infections	1991:2029	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	11	44	theme	procedural	1837:1846	arg1	changes					1848:1854	no other procedural changes	1828:1854	no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy	1828:1886	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	7	45	theme	administration	1292:1305	arg1	use					1223:1225	use	1223:1225	use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives	1223:1266	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	45	theme	administration	1292:1305	arg1	disease					1214:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	45	theme	administration	1292:1305	arg1	composition					1308:1318	composition	1308:1318	composition of infusion fluids	1308:1337	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	45	theme	administration	1292:1305	arg1	frequency					1269:1277	frequency	1269:1277	frequency of HPN/fluid administration	1269:1305	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	45	theme	administration	1292:1305	arg1	duration					1344:1351	duration	1344:1351	duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation	1344:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	2	46	theme	catheter	346:353	arg1	locking					355:361	catheter locking	346:361	catheter locking with taurolidine	346:378	We have previously shown in HPN patients presenting with catheter sepsis that catheter locking with taurolidine dramatically reduced re-infections when compared with heparin.
25379781	9	47	theme	Occlusion	1515:1523	arg1	rates					1535:1539	Occlusion incidence rates	1515:1539	Occlusion incidence rates	1515:1539	Occlusion incidence rates were 0.2/year for heparin and 0.1/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	7	48	theme	fluids	1332:1337	arg1	use					1223:1225	use	1223:1225	use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives	1223:1266	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	48	theme	fluids	1332:1337	arg1	disease					1214:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	48	theme	fluids	1332:1337	arg1	composition					1308:1318	composition	1308:1318	composition of infusion fluids	1308:1337	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	48	theme	fluids	1332:1337	arg1	frequency					1269:1277	frequency	1269:1277	frequency of HPN/fluid administration	1269:1305	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	48	theme	fluids	1332:1337	arg1	duration					1344:1351	duration	1344:1351	duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation	1344:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	4	49	theme	catheter	588:595	arg1	strategy					602:609	this catheter lock strategy	583:609	this catheter lock strategy	583:609	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	1	50	theme	parenteral	159:168	arg1	HPN					181:183	HPN	181:183	HPN	181:183	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	1	50	theme	parenteral	159:168	arg1	nutrition					170:178	home parenteral nutrition	154:178	home parenteral nutrition (HPN)	154:184	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	3	51	from	taurolidine	497:507	arg1	2008					512:515	2008	512:515	2008	512:515	Our HPN population therefore switched from heparin to taurolidine in 2008.
25379781	5	52	with	therapy	911:917	arg1	taurolidine					936:946	taurolidine	936:946	taurolidine	936:946	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	5	52	with	therapy	911:917	arg1	heparin					924:930	heparin	924:930	heparin	924:930	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	5	53	theme	lock	906:909	arg1	therapy					911:917	catheter lock therapy	897:917	catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine	897:946	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	5	54	dep	January	825:831	arg1	2011					851:854	2011	851:854	2011	851:854	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	6	55	theme	occlusion	1019:1027	arg1	rates					1039:1043	occlusion incidence rates	1019:1043	occlusion incidence rates	1019:1043	We evaluated catheter-related bloodstream infection and occlusion incidence rates using Poisson-normal regression analysis.
25379781	5	56	theme	complications	737:749	arg1	Data					712:715	Data	712:715	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications	704:749	METHODS Data of catheter-related complications were retrospectively collected from 212 patients who received HPN between January 2000 and November 2011, comprising 545 and 200 catheters during catheter lock therapy with heparin and taurolidine, respectively.
25379781	9	57	theme	taurolidine	1584:1594	arg1	catheters					1603:1611	taurolidine locked catheters	1584:1611	taurolidine locked catheters	1584:1611	Occlusion incidence rates were 0.2/year for heparin and 0.1/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	0	58	from	prevention	52:61	arg1	superior					20:27	superior	20:27	superior	20:27	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	4	59	theme	bloodstream	649:659	arg1	infections					661:670	catheter-related bloodstream infections	632:670	catheter-related bloodstream infections	632:670	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	10	60	theme	bloodstream	1723:1733	arg1	infections					1735:1744	bloodstream infections	1723:1744	bloodstream infections	1723:1744	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	6	61	theme	catheter-related	976:991	arg1	infection					1005:1013	catheter-related bloodstream infection	976:1013	catheter-related bloodstream infection	976:1013	We evaluated catheter-related bloodstream infection and occlusion incidence rates using Poisson-normal regression analysis.
25379781	7	62	theme	Incidence	1087:1095	arg1	ratios					1102:1107	Incidence rate ratios	1087:1107	Incidence rate ratios	1087:1107	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	1	63	theme	BACKGROUND	122:131	arg1	Patients					142:149	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients	122:149	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN)	122:184	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	4	64	from	occurrence	618:627	arg1	patients					694:701	HPN patients	690:701	HPN patients	690:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	1	65	theme	AIMS	137:140	arg1	Patients					142:149	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients	122:149	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN)	122:184	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	0	66	from	superior	20:27	arg1	prevention					52:61	the prevention	48:61	the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions	48:119	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	7	67	theme	HPN/fluid	1282:1290	arg1	administration					1292:1305	HPN/fluid administration	1282:1305	HPN/fluid administration	1282:1305	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	0	68	theme	catheter	66:73	arg1	infections					95:104	catheter related bloodstream infections	66:104	catheter related bloodstream infections	66:104	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	7	69	theme	heparin	1156:1162	arg1	rates					1147:1151	dividing incidence rates	1128:1151	dividing incidence rates of heparin	1128:1162	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	8	70	theme	infection	1416:1424	arg1	rates					1436:1440	Bloodstream infection incidence rates	1404:1440	Bloodstream infection incidence rates	1404:1440	RESULTS Bloodstream infection incidence rates were 1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	0	71	theme	bloodstream	83:93	arg1	infections					95:104	catheter related bloodstream infections	66:104	catheter related bloodstream infections	66:104	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	6	72	theme	Poisson-normal	1051:1064	arg1	analysis					1077:1084	Poisson-normal regression analysis	1051:1084	Poisson-normal regression analysis	1051:1084	We evaluated catheter-related bloodstream infection and occlusion incidence rates using Poisson-normal regression analysis.
25379781	11	73	theme	catheter	1865:1872	arg1	strategy					1879:1886	the catheter lock strategy	1861:1886	the catheter lock strategy	1861:1886	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
25379781	1	74	from	Patients	142:149	arg1	HPN					181:183	HPN	181:183	HPN	181:183	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	1	74	from	Patients	142:149	arg1	nutrition					170:178	home parenteral nutrition	154:178	home parenteral nutrition (HPN)	154:184	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	4	75	from	effects	572:578	arg1	occurrence					618:627	the occurrence	614:627	the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients	614:701	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	7	76	theme	incidence	1137:1145	arg1	rates					1147:1151	dividing incidence rates	1128:1151	dividing incidence rates of heparin	1128:1162	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	77	theme	anticoagulants	1230:1243	arg1	use					1223:1225	use	1223:1225	use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives	1223:1266	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	77	theme	anticoagulants	1230:1243	arg1	disease					1214:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	underlying disease	1203:1220	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	77	theme	anticoagulants	1230:1243	arg1	composition					1308:1318	composition	1308:1318	composition of infusion fluids	1308:1337	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	77	theme	anticoagulants	1230:1243	arg1	frequency					1269:1277	frequency	1269:1277	frequency of HPN/fluid administration	1269:1305	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	7	77	theme	anticoagulants	1230:1243	arg1	duration					1344:1351	duration	1344:1351	duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation	1344:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	10	78	theme	Adjusted	1614:1621	arg1	ratios					1633:1638	Adjusted incidence ratios	1614:1638	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine	1614:1673	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	0	79	theme	heparin	32:38	arg1	lock					40:43	heparin lock	32:43	heparin lock	32:43	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	4	80	theme	present	533:539	arg1	study					541:545	the present study	529:545	the present study	529:545	The aim of the present study was to compare long-term effects of this catheter lock strategy on the occurrence of catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients.
25379781	8	81	theme	taurolidine	1485:1495	arg1	catheters					1504:1512	taurolidine locked catheters	1485:1512	taurolidine locked catheters	1485:1512	RESULTS Bloodstream infection incidence rates were 1.1/year for heparin and 0.2/year for taurolidine locked catheters.
25379781	7	82	theme	HPN/fluid	1356:1364	arg1	use					1366:1368	HPN/fluid use	1356:1368	HPN/fluid use before catheter creation	1356:1393	Incidence rate ratios were calculated by dividing incidence rates of heparin by those of taurolidine, adjusting for underlying disease, use of anticoagulants or immune suppressives, frequency of HPN/fluid administration, composition of infusion fluids, and duration of HPN/fluid use before catheter creation.
25379781	10	83	theme	heparin	1643:1649	arg1	ratios					1633:1638	Adjusted incidence ratios	1614:1638	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine	1614:1673	Adjusted incidence ratios of heparin compared to taurolidine were 5.9 (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.7) for bloodstream infections and 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.1) for occlusions.
25379781	2	84	theme	catheter	325:332	arg1	sepsis					334:339	catheter sepsis	325:339	catheter sepsis	325:339	We have previously shown in HPN patients presenting with catheter sepsis that catheter locking with taurolidine dramatically reduced re-infections when compared with heparin.
25379781	1	85	dep	risk	193:196	arg1	infections					241:250	infections	241:250	infections	241:250	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	1	85	dep	risk	193:196	arg1	occlusions					256:265	occlusions	256:265	occlusions	256:265	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	1	86	theme	catheter-related	202:217	arg1	complications					219:231	catheter-related complications	202:231	catheter-related complications	202:231	BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are at risk for catheter-related complications; mainly infections and occlusions.
25379781	2	87	with	locking	355:361	arg1	taurolidine					368:378	taurolidine	368:378	taurolidine	368:378	We have previously shown in HPN patients presenting with catheter sepsis that catheter locking with taurolidine dramatically reduced re-infections when compared with heparin.
25379781	0	88	theme	occlusions	110:119	arg1	prevention					52:61	the prevention	48:61	the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions	48:119	Taurolidine lock is superior to heparin lock in the prevention of catheter related bloodstream infections and occlusions.
25379781	11	89	theme	bloodstream	2008:2018	arg1	infections					2020:2029	catheter-related bloodstream infections	1991:2029	catheter-related bloodstream infections	1991:2029	CONCLUSIONS Given that no other procedural changes than the catheter lock strategy were implemented during the observation period, these data strongly suggest that taurolidine decreases catheter-related bloodstream infections and occlusions in HPN patients compared with heparin.
26791981	0	0	theme	Bacterial	91:99	arg1	Membranes					107:115	Model Bacterial Outer Membranes	85:115	Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry	85:143	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	2	1	theme	membrane/fluid	378:391	arg1	interface					393:401	the outer membrane/fluid interface	368:401	the outer membrane/fluid interface	368:401	Therefore, simplified models are required to undertake structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface.
26791981	0	2	theme	Model	85:89	arg1	Membranes					107:115	Model Bacterial Outer Membranes	85:115	Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry	85:143	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	3	3	from	monolayers	518:527	arg1	support					541:547	a liquid support	532:547	a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled	532:619	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	1	4	theme	Gram-negative	177:189	arg1	bacteria					191:198	Gram-negative bacteria	177:198	Gram-negative bacteria	177:198	Studying the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is challenging due to the complex nature of its structure.
26791981	0	5	theme	Membranes	107:115	arg1	Studies					74:80	Structure-Function Studies	55:80	Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry	55:143	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	2	6	theme	outer	372:376	arg1	interface					393:401	the outer membrane/fluid interface	368:401	the outer membrane/fluid interface	368:401	Therefore, simplified models are required to undertake structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface.
26791981	7	7	theme	structural	1384:1393	arg1	analysis					1395:1402	structural analysis	1384:1402	structural analysis of model membranes	1384:1421	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	4	8	theme	depth	757:761	arg1	profile					763:769	a one-dimensional depth profile	739:769	a one-dimensional depth profile	739:769	Both model systems are amenable to having their structure probed by neutron reflectometry, a technique that provides a one-dimensional depth profile through a membrane detailing its thickness and composition.
26791981	0	9	theme	Outer	101:105	arg1	Membranes					107:115	Model Bacterial Outer Membranes	85:115	Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry	85:143	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	3	10	theme	surface	559:565	arg1	pressure					567:574	surface pressure	559:574	surface pressure	559:574	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	7	11	theme	neutron	1426:1432	arg1	reflectometry					1434:1446	neutron reflectometry	1426:1446	neutron reflectometry	1426:1446	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	0	12	theme	Neutron	123:129	arg1	Reflectometry					131:143	Neutron Reflectometry	123:143	Neutron Reflectometry	123:143	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	7	13	theme	model	1407:1411	arg1	membranes					1413:1421	model membranes	1407:1421	model membranes	1407:1421	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	4	14	theme	one-dimensional	741:755	arg1	profile					763:769	a one-dimensional depth profile	739:769	a one-dimensional depth profile	739:769	Both model systems are amenable to having their structure probed by neutron reflectometry, a technique that provides a one-dimensional depth profile through a membrane detailing its thickness and composition.
26791981	1	15	theme	bacteria	191:198	arg1	membrane					165:172	the outer membrane	155:172	the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	155:198	Studying the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is challenging due to the complex nature of its structure.
26791981	6	16	theme	model	1176:1180	arg1	membranes					1182:1190	model membranes	1176:1190	model membranes	1176:1190	Lipopolysaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane, can be isolated for incorporation into model membranes.
26791981	0	17	theme	Labeling	10:17	arg1	Strategies					19:28	Deuterium Labeling Strategies	0:28	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.	0:144	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	6	18	theme	major	1098:1102	arg1	component					1104:1112	a major component	1096:1112	a major component of the outer membrane	1096:1134	Lipopolysaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane, can be isolated for incorporation into model membranes.
26791981	6	18	theme	major	1098:1102	arg1	Lipopolysaccharides					1075:1093	Lipopolysaccharides	1075:1093	Lipopolysaccharides	1075:1093	Lipopolysaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane, can be isolated for incorporation into model membranes.
26791981	2	19	theme	processes	344:352	arg1	studies					333:339	structure-function studies	314:339	structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface	314:401	Therefore, simplified models are required to undertake structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface.
26791981	0	20	theme	Deuterium	0:8	arg1	Strategies					19:28	Deuterium Labeling Strategies	0:28	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.	0:144	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	7	21	theme	model	1312:1316	arg1	membranes					1324:1332	model outer membranes	1312:1332	model outer membranes	1312:1332	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	3	22	theme	Model	404:408	arg1	membranes					410:418	Model membranes	404:418	Model membranes	404:418	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	7	23	theme	membranes	1413:1421	arg1	analysis					1395:1402	structural analysis	1384:1402	structural analysis of model membranes	1384:1421	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	5	24	theme	strengths	842:850	arg1	One					831:833	One	831:833	One	831:833	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	5	24	theme	strengths	842:850	arg1	strengths					842:850	the strengths	838:850	the strengths of neutron scattering	838:872	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	5	24	theme	strengths	842:850	arg1	ability					881:887	the ability to use contrast matching	877:912	the ability to use contrast matching	877:912	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	2	25	theme	structure-function	314:331	arg1	studies					333:339	structure-function studies	314:339	structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface	314:401	Therefore, simplified models are required to undertake structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface.
26791981	7	26	from	strains	1261:1267	arg1	lipopolysaccharides					1230:1248	lipopolysaccharides	1230:1248	lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli	1230:1287	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	7	26	from	strains	1261:1267	arg1	deuteration					1215:1225	the deuteration	1211:1225	the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes	1211:1332	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	3	27	theme	silicon	494:500	arg1	surfaces					502:509	gold or silicon surfaces	486:509	surfaces	502:509	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	7	28	theme	outer	1318:1322	arg1	membranes					1324:1332	model outer membranes	1312:1332	model outer membranes	1312:1332	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	4	29	theme	model	627:631	arg1	systems					633:639	Both model systems	622:639	Both model systems	622:639	Both model systems are amenable to having their structure probed by neutron reflectometry, a technique that provides a one-dimensional depth profile through a membrane detailing its thickness and composition.
26791981	5	30	theme	neutron	855:861	arg1	scattering					863:872	neutron scattering	855:872	neutron scattering	855:872	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	1	31	theme	complex	226:232	arg1	nature					234:239	the complex nature	222:239	the complex nature of its structure	222:256	Studying the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is challenging due to the complex nature of its structure.
26791981	4	32	theme	neutron	690:696	arg1	reflectometry					698:710	neutron reflectometry	690:710	neutron reflectometry	690:710	Both model systems are amenable to having their structure probed by neutron reflectometry, a technique that provides a one-dimensional depth profile through a membrane detailing its thickness and composition.
26791981	3	33	dep	solid	463:467	arg1	supports					469:476	supports	469:476	supports	469:476	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	3	34	theme	gold	486:489	arg1	surfaces					502:509	gold or silicon surfaces	486:509	surfaces	502:509	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	0	35	theme	Structure-Function	55:72	arg1	Studies					74:80	Structure-Function Studies	55:80	Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry	55:143	Deuterium Labeling Strategies for Creating Contrast in Structure-Function Studies of Model Bacterial Outer Membranes Using Neutron Reflectometry.
26791981	5	36	theme	isotopic	1038:1045	arg1	composition					1047:1057	the bulk isotopic composition	1029:1057	the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent	1029:1072	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	5	37	contain	containing	934:943	arg2	hydrogen					945:952	hydrogen	945:952	hydrogen	945:952	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	5	37	contain	containing	934:943	arg1	molecules					924:932	molecules	924:932	molecules containing hydrogen	924:952	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	7	38	from	deuteration	1215:1225	arg1	strains					1261:1267	rough strains	1255:1267	rough strains of Escherichia coli	1255:1287	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	3	39	theme	lipids	596:601	arg1	fluidity					580:587	fluidity	580:587	fluidity	580:587	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	3	39	theme	lipids	596:601	arg1	pressure					567:574	surface pressure	559:574	surface pressure	559:574	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	7	40	dep	describe	1202:1209	arg1	enhances					1375:1382	enhances	1375:1382	enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry	1375:1446	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	7	41	theme	materials	1365:1373	arg1	use					1347:1349	the use	1343:1349	the use of deuterated materials	1343:1373	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	5	42	theme	bulk	1033:1036	arg1	composition					1047:1057	the bulk isotopic composition	1029:1057	the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent	1029:1072	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	7	43	theme	coli	1284:1287	arg1	strains					1261:1267	rough strains	1255:1267	rough strains of Escherichia coli	1255:1287	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	5	44	theme	solvent	1066:1072	arg1	composition					1047:1057	the bulk isotopic composition	1029:1057	the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent	1029:1072	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	2	45	theme	simplified	270:279	arg1	models					281:286	simplified models	270:286	simplified models	270:286	Therefore, simplified models are required to undertake structure-function studies of processes that occur at the outer membrane/fluid interface.
26791981	6	46	theme	membrane	1127:1134	arg1	component					1104:1112	a major component	1096:1112	a major component of the outer membrane	1096:1134	Lipopolysaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane, can be isolated for incorporation into model membranes.
26791981	6	46	theme	membrane	1127:1134	arg1	Lipopolysaccharides					1075:1093	Lipopolysaccharides	1075:1093	Lipopolysaccharides	1075:1093	Lipopolysaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane, can be isolated for incorporation into model membranes.
26791981	7	47	theme	lipopolysaccharides	1230:1248	arg1	deuteration					1215:1225	the deuteration	1211:1225	the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes	1211:1332	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	5	48	theme	scattering	863:872	arg1	strengths					842:850	the strengths	838:850	the strengths of neutron scattering	838:872	One of the strengths of neutron scattering is the ability to use contrast matching, allowing molecules containing hydrogen and those enriched with deuterium to be highlighted or matched out against the bulk isotopic composition of the solvent.
26791981	3	49	dep	pressure	567:574	arg1	the					555:557	the	555:557	the	555:557	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	1	50	theme	outer	159:163	arg1	membrane					165:172	the outer membrane	155:172	the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	155:198	Studying the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is challenging due to the complex nature of its structure.
26791981	1	51	theme	structure	248:256	arg1	nature					234:239	the complex nature	222:239	the complex nature of its structure	222:256	Studying the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is challenging due to the complex nature of its structure.
26791981	6	52	theme	outer	1121:1125	arg1	membrane					1127:1134	the outer membrane	1117:1134	the outer membrane	1117:1134	Lipopolysaccharides, a major component of the outer membrane, can be isolated for incorporation into model membranes.
26791981	7	53	theme	deuterated	1354:1363	arg1	materials					1365:1373	deuterated materials	1354:1373	deuterated materials	1354:1373	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
26791981	3	54	theme	liquid	534:539	arg1	support					541:547	a liquid support	532:547	a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled	532:619	Model membranes can be created by immobilizing bilayers to solid supports such as gold or silicon surfaces, or as monolayers on a liquid support where the surface pressure and fluidity of the lipids can be controlled.
26791981	7	55	theme	rough	1255:1259	arg1	strains					1261:1267	rough strains	1255:1267	rough strains of Escherichia coli	1255:1287	Here, we describe the deuteration of lipopolysaccharides from rough strains of Escherichia coli for incorporation into model outer membranes, and how the use of deuterated materials enhances structural analysis of model membranes by neutron reflectometry.
28220754	1	0	from	role	176:179	arg1	growth					210:215	polar growth	204:215	polar growth	204:215	Filamentous fungi provide excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth.
28220754	5	1	from	role	730:733	arg1	maintenance					750:760	the maintenance	746:760	the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition	746:818	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	4	2	theme	lipid	653:657	arg1	flippases					659:667	the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB	649:681	the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB	649:681	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	2	theme	lipid	653:657	arg1	DnfB					678:681	DnfB	678:681	DnfB	678:681	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	2	theme	lipid	653:657	arg1	DnfA					669:672	DnfA	669:672	DnfA	669:672	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	3	theme	sub-apical	690:699	arg1	region					708:713	the sub-apical collar region	686:713	the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	686:723	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	6	4	theme	dikarya	1055:1061	arg1	complex					1044:1050	the AP-2 complex	1035:1050	the AP-2 complex of dikarya	1035:1061	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	5	5	theme	membrane	938:945	arg1	domains					947:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	5	theme	membrane	938:945	arg1	interaction					859:869	its functional interaction	844:869	its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA	844:916	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	4	6	theme	hyphae	718:723	arg1	region					708:713	the sub-apical collar region	686:713	the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	686:723	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	7	theme	collar	701:706	arg1	region					708:713	the sub-apical collar region	686:713	the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	686:723	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	8	theme	genetic	550:556	arg1	evidence					571:578	genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	550:723	genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	550:723	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	0	9	theme	polar	87:91	arg1	growth					93:98	polar growth	87:98	polar growth	87:98	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	0	10	from	role	56:59	arg1	endocytosis					71:81	apical endocytosis	64:81	apical endocytosis	64:81	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	0	10	from	role	56:59	arg1	growth					93:98	polar growth	87:98	polar growth	87:98	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	0	10	from	role	56:59	arg1	fungi					103:107	fungi	103:107	fungi	103:107	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	6	11	theme	clathrin-independent	1119:1138	arg1	function					1140:1147	a specialized clathrin-independent function	1105:1147	a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth	1105:1181	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	6	12	theme	evolution	1094:1102	arg1	course					1084:1089	the course	1080:1089	the course of evolution	1080:1102	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	6	13	theme	polar	1170:1174	arg1	growth					1176:1181	fungal polar growth	1163:1181	fungal polar growth	1163:1181	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	5	14	theme	membrane	779:786	arg1	lipid					788:792	proper apical membrane lipid	765:792	proper apical membrane lipid	765:792	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	3	15	theme	higher	423:428	arg1	fungi					430:434	higher fungi	423:434	higher fungi	423:434	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	5	16	theme	composition	808:818	arg1	maintenance					750:760	the maintenance	746:760	the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition	746:818	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	17	theme	cell	798:801	arg1	composition					808:818	cell wall composition	798:818	cell wall composition	798:818	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	18	theme	apical	919:924	arg1	domains					947:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	18	theme	apical	919:924	arg1	interaction					859:869	its functional interaction	844:869	its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA	844:916	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	19	theme	wall	803:806	arg1	composition					808:818	cell wall composition	798:818	cell wall composition	798:818	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	0	20	theme	AP-2	4:7	arg1	complex					9:15	The AP-2 complex	0:15	The AP-2 complex	0:15	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	0	21	contain	has	17:19	arg1	complex					9:15	The AP-2 complex	0:15	The AP-2 complex	0:15	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	0	21	contain	has	17:19	arg2	role					56:59	a specialized clathrin-independent role	21:59	a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi	21:107	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	3	22	with	line	353:356	arg1	analysis					374:381	a sequence analysis	363:381	a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin	363:536	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	3	23	theme	AP-2	400:403	arg1	subunit					407:413	the AP-2 β subunit	396:413	the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi	396:434	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	3	23	theme	AP-2	400:403	arg1	β2					416:417	β2	416:417	β2	416:417	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	3	24	theme	sequence	365:372	arg1	analysis					374:381	a sequence analysis	363:381	a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin	363:536	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	5	25	with	interaction	859:869	arg1	biosynthesis					895:906	sphingolipid biosynthesis	882:906	sphingolipid biosynthesis	882:906	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	25	with	interaction	859:869	arg1	StoA					913:916	StoA	913:916	StoA	913:916	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	25	with	interaction	859:869	arg1	BasA					876:879	BasA	876:879	BasA	876:879	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	26	theme	sphingolipid	882:893	arg1	biosynthesis					895:906	sphingolipid biosynthesis	882:906	sphingolipid biosynthesis	882:906	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	26	theme	sphingolipid	882:893	arg1	BasA					876:879	BasA	876:879	BasA	876:879	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	3	27	theme	β	405:405	arg1	subunit					407:413	the AP-2 β subunit	396:413	the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi	396:434	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	3	27	theme	β	405:405	arg1	β2					416:417	β2	416:417	β2	416:417	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	5	28	from	interaction	859:869	arg1	deposition					987:996	polar deposition	981:996	polar deposition of chitin	981:1006	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	2	29	theme	essential	291:299	arg1	role					301:304	a clathrin-independent essential role	268:304	a clathrin-independent essential role	268:304	Using Aspergillus nidulans, we show that AP-2 has a clathrin-independent essential role in polarity maintenance and growth.
28220754	5	30	from	essentiality	965:976	arg1	deposition					987:996	polar deposition	981:996	polar deposition of chitin	981:1006	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	1	31	theme	AP-2	188:191	arg1	complex					193:199	the AP-2 complex	184:199	the AP-2 complex	184:199	Filamentous fungi provide excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth.
28220754	5	32	theme	proper	765:770	arg1	lipid					788:792	proper apical membrane lipid	765:792	proper apical membrane lipid	765:792	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	2	33	contain	has	264:266	arg2	role					301:304	a clathrin-independent essential role	268:304	a clathrin-independent essential role	268:304	Using Aspergillus nidulans, we show that AP-2 has a clathrin-independent essential role in polarity maintenance and growth.
28220754	2	33	contain	has	264:266	arg1	AP-2					259:262	AP-2	259:262	AP-2	259:262	Using Aspergillus nidulans, we show that AP-2 has a clathrin-independent essential role in polarity maintenance and growth.
28220754	5	34	theme	chitin	1001:1006	arg1	deposition					987:996	polar deposition	981:996	polar deposition of chitin	981:1006	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	2	35	theme	clathrin-independent	270:289	arg1	role					301:304	a clathrin-independent essential role	268:304	a clathrin-independent essential role	268:304	Using Aspergillus nidulans, we show that AP-2 has a clathrin-independent essential role in polarity maintenance and growth.
28220754	1	36	theme	complex	193:199	arg1	role					176:179	the role	172:179	the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth	172:215	Filamentous fungi provide excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth.
28220754	0	37	theme	specialized	23:33	arg1	role					56:59	a specialized clathrin-independent role	21:59	a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi	21:107	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	3	38	theme	clathrin-binding	444:459	arg1	domain					461:466	a clathrin-binding domain	442:466	a clathrin-binding domain	442:466	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	5	39	theme	lipid	788:792	arg1	maintenance					750:760	the maintenance	746:760	the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition	746:818	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	2	40	theme	Aspergillus	224:234	arg1	nidulans					236:243	Aspergillus nidulans	224:243	Aspergillus nidulans	224:243	Using Aspergillus nidulans, we show that AP-2 has a clathrin-independent essential role in polarity maintenance and growth.
28220754	4	41	theme	endocytic	605:613	arg1	SlaBEnd4					623:630	SlaBEnd4	623:630	SlaBEnd4	623:630	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	41	theme	endocytic	605:613	arg1	markers					615:621	endocytic markers	605:621	endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3	605:643	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	41	theme	endocytic	605:613	arg1	SagAEnd3					636:643	SagAEnd3	636:643	SagAEnd3	636:643	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	6	42	theme	fungal	1163:1168	arg1	growth					1176:1181	fungal polar growth	1163:1181	fungal polar growth	1163:1181	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	1	43	theme	polar	204:208	arg1	growth					210:215	polar growth	204:215	polar growth	204:215	Filamentous fungi provide excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth.
28220754	5	44	theme	AP-2	738:741	arg1	role					730:733	The role	726:733	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition	726:818	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	6	45	theme	AP-2	1039:1042	arg1	complex					1044:1050	the AP-2 complex	1035:1050	the AP-2 complex of dikarya	1035:1061	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	5	46	theme	functional	848:857	arg1	domains					947:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	46	theme	functional	848:857	arg1	interaction					859:869	its functional interaction	844:869	its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA	844:916	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	0	47	theme	clathrin-independent	35:54	arg1	role					56:59	a specialized clathrin-independent role	21:59	a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi	21:107	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	6	48	theme	necessary	1149:1157	arg1	function					1140:1147	a specialized clathrin-independent function	1105:1147	a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth	1105:1181	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	1	49	theme	Filamentous	110:120	arg1	fungi					122:126	Filamentous fungi	110:126	Filamentous fungi	110:126	Filamentous fungi provide excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth.
28220754	5	50	theme	polar	981:985	arg1	deposition					987:996	polar deposition	981:996	polar deposition of chitin	981:1006	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	51	theme	sterol-rich	926:936	arg1	domains					947:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	apical sterol-rich membrane domains	919:953	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	51	theme	sterol-rich	926:936	arg1	interaction					859:869	its functional interaction	844:869	its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA	844:916	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	3	52	theme	fungi	430:434	arg1	subunit					407:413	the AP-2 β subunit	396:413	the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi	396:434	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	3	52	theme	fungi	430:434	arg1	β2					416:417	β2	416:417	β2	416:417	This is in line with a sequence analysis showing that the AP-2 β subunit (β2) of higher fungi lacks a clathrin-binding domain, and experiments showing that AP-2 does not co-localize with clathrin.
28220754	4	53	theme	cellular	562:569	arg1	evidence					571:578	genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	550:723	genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae	550:723	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	54	dep	flippases	659:667	arg1	flippases					659:667	the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB	649:681	the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB	649:681	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	54	dep	flippases	659:667	arg1	DnfB					678:681	DnfB	678:681	DnfB	678:681	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	54	dep	flippases	659:667	arg1	DnfA					669:672	DnfA	669:672	DnfA	669:672	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	2	55	theme	polarity	309:316	arg1	maintenance					318:328	polarity maintenance	309:328	polarity maintenance	309:328	Using Aspergillus nidulans, we show that AP-2 has a clathrin-independent essential role in polarity maintenance and growth.
28220754	0	56	theme	apical	64:69	arg1	endocytosis					71:81	apical endocytosis	64:81	apical endocytosis	64:81	The AP-2 complex has a specialized clathrin-independent role in apical endocytosis and polar growth in fungi.
28220754	6	57	theme	specialized	1107:1117	arg1	function					1140:1147	a specialized clathrin-independent function	1105:1147	a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth	1105:1181	Our findings support that the AP-2 complex of dikarya has acquired, in the course of evolution, a specialized clathrin-independent function necessary for fungal polar growth.
28220754	5	58	theme	apical	772:777	arg1	lipid					788:792	proper apical membrane lipid	765:792	proper apical membrane lipid	765:792	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	1	59	theme	excellent	136:144	arg1	systems					146:152	excellent systems	136:152	excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth	136:215	Filamentous fungi provide excellent systems for investigating the role of the AP-2 complex in polar growth.
28220754	4	60	dep	markers	615:621	arg1	SlaBEnd4					623:630	SlaBEnd4	623:630	SlaBEnd4	623:630	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	60	dep	markers	615:621	arg1	markers					615:621	endocytic markers	605:621	endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3	605:643	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	4	60	dep	markers	615:621	arg1	SagAEnd3					636:643	SagAEnd3	636:643	SagAEnd3	636:643	We provide genetic and cellular evidence that AP-2 interacts with endocytic markers SlaBEnd4 and SagAEnd3 and the lipid flippases DnfA and DnfB in the sub-apical collar region of hyphae.
28220754	5	61	with	essentiality	965:976	arg1	biosynthesis					895:906	sphingolipid biosynthesis	882:906	sphingolipid biosynthesis	882:906	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	61	with	essentiality	965:976	arg1	StoA					913:916	StoA	913:916	StoA	913:916	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28220754	5	61	with	essentiality	965:976	arg1	BasA					876:879	BasA	876:879	BasA	876:879	The role of AP-2 in the maintenance of proper apical membrane lipid and cell wall composition is further supported by its functional interaction with BasA (sphingolipid biosynthesis) and StoA (apical sterol-rich membrane domains), and its essentiality in polar deposition of chitin.
28283454	4	0	dep	found	787:791	arg1	exhibited					707:715	exhibited	707:715	exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH.	707:778	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	0	dep	found	787:791	arg1	corresponded					644:655	corresponded	644:655	corresponded with Freundlich isotherm	644:680	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	1	1	theme	magnetic	144:151	arg1	PDA					189:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	1	1	theme	magnetic	144:151	arg1	dopamine					168:175	dopamine	168:175	dopamine	168:175	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	1	1	theme	magnetic	144:151	arg1	cellulose-poly					153:166	magnetic cellulose-poly	144:166	magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	144:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	2	2	from	solution	258:265	arg1	PDA					280:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	3	3	theme	CMC	430:432	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	4	theme	PDA	625:627	arg1	equilibrium					600:610	The adsorption equilibrium	585:610	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol	585:642	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	5	theme	@	844:844	arg1	PDA					849:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	2	6	theme	aqueous	250:256	arg1	solution					258:265	aqueous solution	250:265	aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	250:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	3	7	theme	Fe3O4	468:472	arg1	property					456:463	the magnetic property	443:463	the magnetic property of Fe3O4	443:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	7	theme	Fe3O4	468:472	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	7	theme	Fe3O4	468:472	arg1	area					380:383	high surface area	367:383	high surface area	367:383	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	7	theme	Fe3O4	468:472	arg1	Fe3O4					468:472	Fe3O4	468:472	Fe3O4	468:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	7	theme	Fe3O4	468:472	arg1	groups					414:419	abundant hydroxyl and amino groups	386:419	groups	414:419	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	7	theme	Fe3O4	468:472	arg1	hydroxyl					395:402	abundant hydroxyl and amino groups	386:419	hydroxyl	395:402	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	8	theme	magnetic	447:454	arg1	property					456:463	the magnetic property	443:463	the magnetic property of Fe3O4	443:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	1	9	dep	method	123:128	arg1	synthesize					133:142	synthesize	133:142	to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	130:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	4	10	theme	@	620:620	arg1	PDA					625:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	615:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol	615:642	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	11	theme	@	848:848	arg1	PDA					849:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	12	theme	Fe3O4	615:619	arg1	PDA					625:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	615:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol	615:642	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	2	13	from	PDA	280:282	arg1	behaviors					223:231	The adsorption behaviors	208:231	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	208:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	2	14	theme	resorcinol	236:245	arg1	behaviors					223:231	The adsorption behaviors	208:231	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	208:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	3	15	theme	surface	372:378	arg1	area					380:383	high surface area	367:383	high surface area	367:383	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	16	theme	CMC	845:847	arg1	PDA					849:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	17	theme	surface	879:885	arg1	concentration					894:906	their surface charge concentration	873:906	their surface charge concentration	873:906	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	18	theme	Freundlich	662:671	arg1	isotherm					673:680	Freundlich isotherm	662:680	Freundlich isotherm	662:680	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	3	19	theme	area	380:383	arg1	advantage					354:362	the advantage	350:362	the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4	350:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	20	theme	specific	912:919	arg1	area					929:932	specific surface area	912:932	specific surface area	912:932	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	5	21	theme	PDA	1062:1064	arg1	composites					1066:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites	1052:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future	1052:1089	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	2	22	theme	@	275:275	arg1	PDA					280:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	5	23	theme	@	1057:1057	arg1	composites					1066:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites	1052:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future	1052:1089	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	2	24	theme	Fe3O4	270:274	arg1	PDA					280:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	3	25	theme	high	367:370	arg1	area					380:383	high surface area	367:383	high surface area	367:383	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	26	theme	@	624:624	arg1	PDA					625:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	615:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol	615:642	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	27	theme	adsorption	813:822	arg1	performance					824:834	the resorcinol adsorption performance	798:834	the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	798:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	28	theme	better	717:722	arg1	efficiency					743:752	better resorcinol removal efficiency	717:752	better resorcinol removal efficiency	717:752	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	3	29	theme	property	456:463	arg1	advantage					354:362	the advantage	350:362	the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4	350:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	1	30	theme	Fe3O4	179:183	arg1	PDA					189:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	1	30	theme	Fe3O4	179:183	arg1	cellulose-poly					153:166	magnetic cellulose-poly	144:166	magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	144:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	0	31	theme	resorcinol	14:23	arg1	removal					25:31	resorcinol removal	14:31	resorcinol removal based on cellulose functionalized with magnetic poly(dopamine)	14:94	Adsorbent for resorcinol removal based on cellulose functionalized with magnetic poly(dopamine).
28283454	5	32	theme	@	1061:1061	arg1	composites					1066:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites	1052:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future	1052:1089	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	4	33	theme	resorcinol	802:811	arg1	performance					824:834	the resorcinol adsorption performance	798:834	the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	798:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	34	theme	adsorption	589:598	arg1	equilibrium					600:610	The adsorption equilibrium	585:610	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol	585:642	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	2	35	from	behaviors	223:231	arg1	PDA					280:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	2	35	from	behaviors	223:231	arg1	solution					258:265	aqueous solution	250:265	aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	250:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	1	36	theme	@	184:184	arg1	PDA					189:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	1	36	theme	@	184:184	arg1	cellulose-poly					153:166	magnetic cellulose-poly	144:166	magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	144:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	3	37	theme	@	429:429	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	38	theme	Fe3O4	424:428	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	5	39	from	composites	1066:1075	arg1	future					1084:1089	future	1084:1089	future	1084:1089	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	1	40	theme	CMC	185:187	arg1	PDA					189:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	1	40	theme	CMC	185:187	arg1	cellulose-poly					153:166	magnetic cellulose-poly	144:166	magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	144:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	5	41	from	wastewater	1029:1038	arg1	removal					1001:1007	the removal	997:1007	the removal of phenols from the wastewater	997:1038	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	1	42	theme	@	188:188	arg1	PDA					189:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	179:191	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	1	42	theme	@	188:188	arg1	cellulose-poly					153:166	magnetic cellulose-poly	144:166	magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	144:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	5	43	theme	CMC	1058:1060	arg1	composites					1066:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites	1052:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future	1052:1089	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	4	44	theme	resorcinol	724:733	arg1	efficiency					743:752	better resorcinol removal efficiency	717:752	better resorcinol removal efficiency	717:752	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	1	45	theme	simple	99:104	arg1	method					123:128	A simple chemical bonding method	97:128	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	97:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	4	46	theme	charge	887:892	arg1	concentration					894:906	their surface charge concentration	873:906	their surface charge concentration	873:906	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	3	47	theme	amino	408:412	arg1	Fe3O4					468:472	Fe3O4	468:472	Fe3O4	468:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	47	theme	amino	408:412	arg1	groups					414:419	abundant hydroxyl and amino groups	386:419	groups	414:419	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	47	theme	amino	408:412	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	48	theme	removal	735:741	arg1	efficiency					743:752	better resorcinol removal efficiency	717:752	better resorcinol removal efficiency	717:752	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	1	49	theme	chemical	106:113	arg1	method					123:128	A simple chemical bonding method	97:128	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	97:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	4	50	theme	CMC	621:623	arg1	PDA					625:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	615:627	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol	615:642	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	5	51	theme	Fe3O4	1052:1056	arg1	composites					1066:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites	1052:1075	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future	1052:1089	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	1	52	theme	bonding	115:121	arg1	method					123:128	A simple chemical bonding method	97:128	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA)	97:192	A simple chemical bonding method to synthesize magnetic cellulose-poly(dopamine) (Fe3O4@CMC@PDA) was reported.
28283454	3	53	theme	magnetic	544:551	arg1	attraction					553:562	magnetic attraction	544:562	magnetic attraction under investigation	544:582	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	2	54	theme	adsorption	212:221	arg1	behaviors					223:231	The adsorption behaviors	208:231	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	208:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	2	55	theme	CMC	276:278	arg1	PDA					280:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	2	56	theme	@	279:279	arg1	PDA					280:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	270:282	The adsorption behaviors of resorcinol in aqueous solution on Fe3O4@CMC@PDA were systematically investigated.
28283454	0	57	theme	magnetic	72:79	arg1	poly					81:84	magnetic poly	72:84	magnetic poly(dopamine)	72:94	Adsorbent for resorcinol removal based on cellulose functionalized with magnetic poly(dopamine).
28283454	0	57	theme	magnetic	72:79	arg1	dopamine					86:93	dopamine	86:93	dopamine	86:93	Adsorbent for resorcinol removal based on cellulose functionalized with magnetic poly(dopamine).
28283454	3	58	theme	abundant	386:393	arg1	hydroxyl					395:402	abundant hydroxyl and amino groups	386:419	hydroxyl	395:402	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	59	theme	hydroxyl	395:402	arg1	advantage					354:362	the advantage	350:362	the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4	350:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	60	theme	@	433:433	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	61	theme	PDA	849:851	arg1	performance					824:834	the resorcinol adsorption performance	798:834	the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	798:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	5	62	theme	phenols	1012:1018	arg1	removal					1001:1007	the removal	997:1007	the removal of phenols from the wastewater	997:1038	These results provide evidences for estimating and optimizing the removal of phenols from the wastewater by using of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA composites in the future.
28283454	4	63	theme	surface	921:927	arg1	area					929:932	specific surface area	912:932	specific surface area	912:932	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	3	64	theme	PDA	434:436	arg1	property					456:463	the magnetic property	443:463	the magnetic property of Fe3O4	443:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	64	theme	PDA	434:436	arg1	PDA					434:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	424:436	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	64	theme	PDA	434:436	arg1	area					380:383	high surface area	367:383	high surface area	367:383	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	64	theme	PDA	434:436	arg1	Fe3O4					468:472	Fe3O4	468:472	Fe3O4	468:472	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	64	theme	PDA	434:436	arg1	groups					414:419	abundant hydroxyl and amino groups	386:419	groups	414:419	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	3	64	theme	PDA	434:436	arg1	hydroxyl					395:402	abundant hydroxyl and amino groups	386:419	hydroxyl	395:402	As the results shown that, with the advantage of high surface area, abundant hydroxyl and amino groups of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA, and the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the resorcinol can be easily and rapidly extracted from the water by magnetic attraction under investigation.
28283454	4	65	with	solutions	757:765	arg1	pH.					776:778	low pH.	772:778	low pH.	772:778	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
28283454	4	66	theme	Fe3O4	839:843	arg1	PDA					849:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	Fe3O4@CMC@PDA	839:851	The adsorption equilibrium of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA for resorcinol corresponded with Freundlich isotherm, and the novel adsorbent exhibited better resorcinol removal efficiency in solutions with low pH. It was found that the resorcinol adsorption performance of Fe3O4@CMC@PDA strongly depends on their surface charge concentration and specific surface area.
25277680	0	0	theme	oil	78:80	arg1	microemulsion					82:94	a tea tree oil microemulsion	67:94	a tea tree oil microemulsion	67:94	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	5	1	link	cross-linked	808:819	arg1	Alg					821:823	cross-linked Alg	808:823	cross-linked Alg	808:823	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	1	2	theme	cross-linked	151:162	arg1	hydrogel					179:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel	122:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds	122:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	4	3	from	TTO	635:637	arg1	MeTTO					622:626	MeTTO	622:626	MeTTO at 20% TTO	622:637	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	5	4	theme	macroscopic	851:861	arg1	methods					879:885	different macroscopic and microscopic methods	841:885	different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO	841:996	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	6	5	theme	Antimicrobial	999:1011	arg1	effect					1013:1018	Antimicrobial effect	999:1018	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains	999:1069	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	6	6	dep	Escherichia	1046:1056	arg1	Coli					1058:1061	Coli	1058:1061	Coli	1058:1061	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	3	7	theme	water	511:515	arg1	combination					491:501	proper combination	484:501	proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol	484:543	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	6	8	theme	system	1121:1126	arg1	potential					1104:1112	the potential	1100:1112	the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing	1100:1154	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	6	9	theme	wound	1141:1145	arg1	dressing					1147:1154	bioactive wound dressing	1131:1154	bioactive wound dressing	1131:1154	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	1	10	dep	in	125:126	arg1	situ					128:131	situ	128:131	situ	128:131	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	5	11	theme	superior	905:912	arg1	propensity					914:923	the superior propensity	901:923	the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO	901:996	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	6	12	theme	Alg/MeTTO	1023:1031	arg1	hydrogels					1033:1041	Alg/MeTTO hydrogels	1023:1041	Alg/MeTTO hydrogels	1023:1041	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	3	13	theme	TTO	506:508	arg1	combination					491:501	proper combination	484:501	proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol	484:543	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	4	14	theme	20	631:632	arg1	%					633:633	%	633:633	%	633:633	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	1	15	theme	alginate	164:171	arg1	hydrogel					179:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel	122:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds	122:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	5	16	theme	microscopic	867:877	arg1	methods					879:885	different macroscopic and microscopic methods	841:885	different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO	841:996	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	4	17	theme	chloride	749:756	arg1	solutions					758:766	calcium chloride solutions	741:766	calcium chloride solutions	741:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	0	18	theme	in	15:16	arg1	hydrogels					46:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	6	19	from	effect	1013:1018	arg1	strains					1063:1069	Escherichia Coli strains	1046:1069	Escherichia Coli strains	1046:1069	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	4	20	theme	Alg	680:682	arg1	hydrogel					684:691	an Alg hydrogel	677:691	an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions	677:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	6	21	theme	Escherichia	1046:1056	arg1	strains					1063:1069	Escherichia Coli strains	1046:1069	Escherichia Coli strains	1046:1069	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	1	22	theme	Alg	174:176	arg1	hydrogel					179:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel	122:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds	122:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	0	23	theme	Spray-by-spray	0:13	arg1	hydrogels					46:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	3	24	theme	ethanol	537:543	arg1	combination					491:501	proper combination	484:501	proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol	484:543	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	2	25	theme	deposition	352:361	arg1	method					363:368	a spray-by-spray deposition method	335:368	a spray-by-spray deposition method with the aim to minimize the discomforts during application	335:428	Alg hydrogels were prepared by a spray-by-spray deposition method with the aim to minimize the discomforts during application.
25277680	0	26	theme	cross-linking	23:35	arg1	hydrogels					46:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	1	27	dep	hydrogel	179:186	arg1	delivering					188:197	delivering	188:197	delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO)	188:234	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	1	27	dep	hydrogel	179:186	arg1	useful					252:257	useful	252:257	useful	252:257	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	3	28	theme	polysorbate	518:528	arg1	combination					491:501	proper combination	484:501	proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol	484:543	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	3	29	theme	phase	450:454	arg1	diagrams					456:463	pseudoternary phase diagrams	436:463	pseudoternary phase diagrams	436:463	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	6	30	theme	bioactive	1131:1139	arg1	dressing					1147:1154	bioactive wound dressing	1131:1154	bioactive wound dressing	1131:1154	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	1	31	link	cross-linked	151:162	arg1	hydrogel					179:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel	122:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds	122:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	3	32	theme	proper	484:489	arg1	combination					491:501	proper combination	484:501	proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol	484:543	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	5	33	theme	MeTTO	795:799	arg1	dispersion					781:790	Homogeneous dispersion	769:790	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg	769:823	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	1	34	theme	advanced	265:272	arg1	dressing					274:281	an advanced dressing	262:281	an advanced dressing for infected wounds	262:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	3	35	theme	spherical	557:565	arg1	MeTTO					567:571	stable spherical MeTTO	550:571	stable spherical MeTTO	550:571	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	0	36	theme	alginate	37:44	arg1	hydrogels					46:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels	0:54	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	4	37	theme	solutions	758:766	arg1	sprays					717:722	sprays	717:722	sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions	717:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	5	38	theme	cross-linked	808:819	arg1	Alg					821:823	cross-linked Alg	808:823	cross-linked Alg	808:823	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	1	39	theme	Tea	201:203	arg1	Oil					210:212	a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO)	199:234	a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO)	199:234	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	5	40	theme	different	841:849	arg1	methods					879:885	different macroscopic and microscopic methods	841:885	different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO	841:996	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	1	41	dep	Oil	210:212	arg1	microemulsion					214:226	microemulsion	214:226	a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO)	199:234	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	1	41	dep	Oil	210:212	arg1	MeTTO					229:233	MeTTO	229:233	MeTTO	229:233	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	5	42	theme	Homogeneous	769:779	arg1	dispersion					781:790	Homogeneous dispersion	769:790	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg	769:823	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	4	43	theme	further	656:662	arg1	inclusion					664:672	further inclusion	656:672	further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions	656:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	5	44	theme	MeTTO	928:932	arg1	propensity					914:923	the superior propensity	901:923	the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO	901:996	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	1	45	theme	infected	287:294	arg1	wounds					296:301	infected wounds	287:301	infected wounds	287:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	3	46	theme	stable	550:555	arg1	MeTTO					567:571	stable spherical MeTTO	550:571	stable spherical MeTTO	550:571	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	4	47	theme	calcium	741:747	arg1	solutions					758:766	calcium chloride solutions	741:766	calcium chloride solutions	741:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	5	48	theme	water-based	958:968	arg1	hydrogel					970:977	the water-based hydrogel	954:977	the water-based hydrogel	954:977	Homogeneous dispersion of MeTTO inside cross-linked Alg was assessed by different macroscopic and microscopic methods demonstrating the superior propensity of MeTTO to be integrated in the water-based hydrogel as compared to TTO.
25277680	3	49	theme	antimicrobial	583:595	arg1	activity					597:604	good antimicrobial activity	578:604	good antimicrobial activity	578:604	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	4	50	theme	%	633:633	arg1	TTO					635:637	20% TTO	631:637	20% TTO	631:637	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	2	51	theme	Alg	304:306	arg1	hydrogels					308:316	Alg hydrogels	304:316	Alg hydrogels	304:316	Alg hydrogels were prepared by a spray-by-spray deposition method with the aim to minimize the discomforts during application.
25277680	4	52	from	inclusion	664:672	arg1	hydrogel					684:691	an Alg hydrogel	677:691	an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions	677:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	1	53	theme	Tree	205:208	arg1	Oil					210:212	a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO)	199:234	a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO)	199:234	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	4	54	theme	Alg/MeTTO	727:735	arg1	sprays					717:722	sprays	717:722	sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions	717:766	On this basis, MeTTO at 20% TTO was selected for further inclusion in an Alg hydrogel prepared by alternating sprays of Alg/MeTTO and calcium chloride solutions.
25277680	1	55	theme	in	125:126	arg1	hydrogel					179:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel	122:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds	122:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
25277680	0	56	theme	tree	73:76	arg1	oil					78:80	tea tree oil	69:80	a tea tree oil microemulsion	67:94	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	3	57	theme	pseudoternary	436:448	arg1	diagrams					456:463	pseudoternary phase diagrams	436:463	pseudoternary phase diagrams	436:463	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	0	58	dep	in	15:16	arg1	situ					18:21	situ	18:21	situ	18:21	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	6	59	theme	hydrogels	1033:1041	arg1	effect					1013:1018	Antimicrobial effect	999:1018	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains	999:1069	Antimicrobial effect of Alg/MeTTO hydrogels on Escherichia Coli strains was remarkable, highlighting the potential of the system as bioactive wound dressing.
25277680	2	60	theme	spray-by-spray	337:350	arg1	method					363:368	a spray-by-spray deposition method	335:368	a spray-by-spray deposition method with the aim to minimize the discomforts during application	335:428	Alg hydrogels were prepared by a spray-by-spray deposition method with the aim to minimize the discomforts during application.
25277680	0	61	theme	tea	69:71	arg1	oil					78:80	tea tree oil	69:80	a tea tree oil microemulsion	67:94	Spray-by-spray in situ cross-linking alginate hydrogels delivering a tea tree oil microemulsion.
25277680	2	62	with	method	363:368	arg1	aim					379:381	the aim to minimize the discomforts during application	375:428	the aim to minimize the discomforts during application	375:428	Alg hydrogels were prepared by a spray-by-spray deposition method with the aim to minimize the discomforts during application.
25277680	3	63	theme	good	578:581	arg1	activity					597:604	good antimicrobial activity	578:604	good antimicrobial activity	578:604	From pseudoternary phase diagrams, it was found that proper combination of TTO, water, polysorbate 80 and ethanol gave stable spherical MeTTO with good antimicrobial activity.
25277680	1	64	theme	forming	133:139	arg1	hydrogel					179:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel	122:186	an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds	122:301	In this paper we propose an in situ forming ionically cross-linked alginate (Alg) hydrogel delivering a Tea Tree Oil microemulsion (MeTTO) and potentially useful as an advanced dressing for infected wounds.
27696348	0	0	theme	cell	93:96	arg1	cultivation					98:108	prostate cancer cell cultivation	77:108	prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D	77:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	4	1	theme	swelling	873:880	arg1	degree					882:887	an increased swelling degree	860:887	an increased swelling degree	860:887	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
27696348	6	2	theme	fibroin	1187:1193	arg1	matrices					1195:1202	silk fibroin matrices	1182:1202	silk fibroin matrices	1182:1202	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	5	3	theme	growth	1001:1006	arg1	behavior					1008:1015	an increased growth behavior	988:1015	an increased growth behavior	988:1015	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	1	4	theme	biopolymer	148:157	arg1	scaffolds					165:173	different biopolymer blend scaffolds	138:173	different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM)	138:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	3	5	theme	swelling	768:775	arg1	behavior					777:784	swelling behavior	768:784	swelling behavior	768:784	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	3	6	theme	blend	711:715	arg1	scaffolds					717:725	the blend scaffolds	707:725	the blend scaffolds	707:725	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	0	7	theme	cancer	86:91	arg1	cultivation					98:108	prostate cancer cell cultivation	77:108	prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D	77:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	5	8	theme	spheroid	1021:1028	arg1	formation					1030:1038	spheroid formation	1021:1038	spheroid formation	1021:1038	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	5	9	theme	in	939:940	arg1	cultivation					948:958	in vitro cultivation	939:958	in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells	939:973	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	1	10	theme	blend	159:163	arg1	scaffolds					165:173	different biopolymer blend scaffolds	138:173	different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM)	138:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	6	11	theme	synthetic	1367:1375	arg1	polymers					1377:1384	synthetic polymers	1367:1384	synthetic polymers	1367:1384	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	6	12	theme	cell	1270:1273	arg1	cultivation					1275:1285	3D cell cultivation	1267:1285	3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers	1267:1384	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	4	13	theme	increased	863:871	arg1	degree					882:887	an increased swelling degree	860:887	an increased swelling degree	860:887	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
27696348	2	14	theme	Antheraea	452:460	arg1	AP					470:471	AP	470:471	AP	470:471	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	14	theme	Antheraea	452:460	arg1	pernyi					462:467	Antheraea pernyi	452:467	Antheraea pernyi (AP)	452:472	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	15	theme	protein	506:512	arg1	SSP1					524:527	SSP1	524:527	SSP1	524:527	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	15	theme	protein	506:512	arg1	spidroin					514:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin	478:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	478:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	6	16	theme	study	1163:1167	arg1	Results					1147:1153	Results	1147:1153	Results of this study	1147:1167	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	2	17	theme	SF	374:375	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	3	18	theme	biochemical	791:801	arg1	composition					803:813	biochemical composition	791:813	biochemical composition	791:813	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	2	19	theme	silk	360:363	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	20	with	experiments	594:604	arg1	LNCaP					645:649	LNCaP	645:649	LNCaP	645:649	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	20	with	experiments	594:604	arg1	cells					638:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells	611:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	611:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	5	21	theme	increased	991:999	arg1	behavior					1008:1015	an increased growth behavior	988:1015	an increased growth behavior	988:1015	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	4	22	theme	elastic	910:916	arg1	properties					918:927	elastic properties	910:927	elastic properties	910:927	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
27696348	3	23	theme	BM	703:704	arg1	scaffold					691:698	the pure SF scaffold	679:698	the pure SF scaffold of BM	679:704	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	6	24	theme	silk	1182:1185	arg1	matrices					1195:1202	silk fibroin matrices	1182:1202	silk fibroin matrices	1182:1202	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	2	25	theme	porous	353:358	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	26	theme	gelatin	401:407	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	27	theme	chitosan	424:431	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	28	from	spidroin	514:521	arg1	SF					444:445	SF	444:445	SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	444:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	6	29	theme	SF	1231:1232	arg1	composite					1234:1242	certain SF composite	1223:1242	certain SF composite	1223:1242	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	1	30	theme	freeze-drying	249:261	arg1	method					263:268	freeze-drying method	249:268	freeze-drying method	249:268	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	2	31	theme	culture	586:592	arg1	experiments					594:604	cell culture experiments	581:604	cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	581:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	32	theme	structural	285:294	arg1	properties					312:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties	271:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	271:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	33	theme	3D	349:350	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	34	theme	scaffolds	388:396	arg1	properties					312:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties	271:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	271:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	35	theme	cell	581:584	arg1	experiments					594:604	cell culture experiments	581:604	cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	581:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	1	36	theme	silk	188:191	arg1	fibroin					201:207	the silk protein fibroin	184:207	the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM)	184:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	2	37	theme	composite	378:386	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	6	38	dep	scaffolds	1244:1252	arg1	improve					1259:1265	improve	1259:1265	scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers	1244:1384	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	2	39	theme	chemical	275:282	arg1	properties					312:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties	271:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	271:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	40	dep	cells	638:642	arg1	days					661:664	up to 14 days	652:664	epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	611:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	1	41	theme	protein	193:199	arg1	fibroin					201:207	the silk protein fibroin	184:207	the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM)	184:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	5	42	theme	remarkable	1087:1096	arg1	porosity					1098:1105	its remarkable porosity	1083:1105	its remarkable porosity	1083:1105	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	4	43	theme	new	820:822	arg1	scaffold					834:841	The new composite scaffold	816:841	The new composite scaffold with SSP1	816:851	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
27696348	5	44	theme	nutrient	1123:1130	arg1	matrix					1139:1144	nutrient supply matrix	1123:1144	nutrient supply matrix	1123:1144	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	5	45	dep	in	939:940	arg1	vitro					942:946	vitro	942:946	vitro	942:946	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	0	46	theme	different	30:38	arg1	biomaterials					60:71	different naturally occurring biomaterials	30:71	different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D	30:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	4	47	theme	soft	893:896	arg1	tissue					898:903	soft tissue	893:903	soft tissue	893:903	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
27696348	6	48	theme	certain	1223:1229	arg1	composite					1234:1242	certain SF composite	1223:1242	certain SF composite	1223:1242	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	5	49	theme	LNCaP	963:967	arg1	cells					969:973	LNCaP cells	963:973	LNCaP cells	963:973	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	2	50	theme	fibroin	365:371	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	51	theme	collagen	410:417	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	3	52	theme	pure	683:686	arg1	scaffold					691:698	the pure SF scaffold	679:698	the pure SF scaffold of BM	679:704	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	2	53	theme	silk	501:504	arg1	SSP1					524:527	SSP1	524:527	SSP1	524:527	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	53	theme	silk	501:504	arg1	spidroin					514:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin	478:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	478:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	5	54	theme	cells	969:973	arg1	cultivation					948:958	in vitro cultivation	939:958	in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells	939:973	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	2	55	theme	cancer	631:636	arg1	LNCaP					645:649	LNCaP	645:649	LNCaP	645:649	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	55	theme	cancer	631:636	arg1	cells					638:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells	611:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	611:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	6	56	theme	pure	1346:1349	arg1	biomaterials					1351:1362	pure biomaterials	1346:1362	pure biomaterials	1346:1362	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	0	57	theme	occurring	50:58	arg1	biomaterials					60:71	different naturally occurring biomaterials	30:71	different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D	30:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	5	58	theme	blended	1056:1062	arg1	scaffolds					1064:1072	chitosan blended scaffolds	1047:1072	chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix	1047:1144	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	2	59	theme	spider	494:499	arg1	SSP1					524:527	SSP1	524:527	SSP1	524:527	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	59	theme	spider	494:499	arg1	spidroin					514:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin	478:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	478:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	60	theme	prostate	622:629	arg1	LNCaP					645:649	LNCaP	645:649	LNCaP	645:649	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	60	theme	prostate	622:629	arg1	cells					638:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells	611:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	611:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	3	61	theme	porous	737:742	arg1	morphology					744:753	porous morphology	737:753	porous morphology	737:753	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	5	62	theme	supply	1132:1137	arg1	matrix					1139:1144	nutrient supply matrix	1123:1144	nutrient supply matrix	1123:1144	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	2	63	theme	recombinant	482:492	arg1	SSP1					524:527	SSP1	524:527	SSP1	524:527	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	63	theme	recombinant	482:492	arg1	spidroin					514:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin	478:521	the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	478:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	64	theme	epithelial	611:620	arg1	LNCaP					645:649	LNCaP	645:649	LNCaP	645:649	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	2	64	theme	epithelial	611:620	arg1	cells					638:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells	611:642	epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days	611:664	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	1	65	theme	present	124:130	arg1	work					132:135	the present work	120:135	the present work	120:135	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	1	66	theme	Bombyx	214:219	arg1	BM					227:228	BM	227:228	BM	227:228	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	1	66	theme	Bombyx	214:219	arg1	mori					221:224	Bombyx mori	214:224	Bombyx mori (BM)	214:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	1	67	from	mori	221:224	arg1	fibroin					201:207	the silk protein fibroin	184:207	the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM)	184:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	2	68	from	pernyi	462:467	arg1	SF					444:445	SF	444:445	SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	444:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	6	69	theme	cancer	1300:1305	arg1	research					1307:1314	prostate cancer research	1291:1314	prostate cancer research	1291:1314	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	2	70	dep	14	658:659	arg1	to					655:656	to	655:656	to	655:656	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	1	71	theme	different	138:146	arg1	scaffolds					165:173	different biopolymer blend scaffolds	138:173	different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM)	138:229	In the present work, different biopolymer blend scaffolds based on the silk protein fibroin from Bombyx mori (BM) were prepared via freeze-drying method.
27696348	6	72	theme	3D	1267:1268	arg1	cultivation					1275:1285	3D cell cultivation	1267:1285	3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers	1267:1384	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	2	73	theme	mechanical	301:310	arg1	properties					312:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties	271:321	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	271:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	0	74	theme	prostate	77:84	arg1	cultivation					98:108	prostate cancer cell cultivation	77:108	prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D	77:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	0	75	from	cultivation	98:108	arg1	3D					113:114	3D	113:114	3D	113:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	0	76	dep	scaffolds	5:13	arg1	connected					15:23	connected	15:23	scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D	5:114	Silk scaffolds connected with different naturally occurring biomaterials for prostate cancer cell cultivation in 3D.
27696348	3	77	theme	SF	688:689	arg1	scaffold					691:698	the pure SF scaffold	679:698	the pure SF scaffold of BM	679:704	Compared to the pure SF scaffold of BM, the blend scaffolds differ in porous morphology, elasticity, swelling behavior, and biochemical composition.
27696348	6	78	theme	prostate	1291:1298	arg1	research					1307:1314	prostate cancer research	1291:1314	prostate cancer research	1291:1314	Results of this study suggest that silk fibroin matrices are sufficient and certain SF composite scaffolds even improve 3D cell cultivation for prostate cancer research compared to matrices based on pure biomaterials or synthetic polymers.
27696348	5	79	theme	chitosan	1047:1054	arg1	scaffolds					1064:1072	chitosan blended scaffolds	1047:1072	chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix	1047:1144	Whereas, in vitro cultivation of LNCaP cells demonstrated an increased growth behavior and spheroid formation within chitosan blended scaffolds based on its remarkable porosity, which supports nutrient supply matrix.
27696348	4	80	with	scaffold	834:841	arg1	SSP1					848:851	SSP1	848:851	SSP1	848:851	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
27696348	2	81	theme	dimensional	336:346	arg1	scaffolds					388:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds	326:396	the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1)	326:528	The chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the three dimensional (3D) porous silk fibroin (SF) composite scaffolds of gelatin, collagen, and chitosan as well as SF from Antheraea pernyi (AP) and the recombinant spider silk protein spidroin (SSP1) have been systematically investigated, followed by cell culture experiments with epithelial prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) up to 14 days.
27696348	4	82	theme	composite	824:832	arg1	scaffold					834:841	The new composite scaffold	816:841	The new composite scaffold with SSP1	816:851	The new composite scaffold with SSP1 showed an increased swelling degree and soft tissue like elastic properties.
24596121	7	0	theme	slow	1137:1140	arg1	phase					1150:1154	terminal slow release phase	1128:1154	terminal slow release phase	1128:1154	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	2	1	theme	medium-chain	391:402	arg1	triglyceride					404:415	medium-chain triglyceride	391:415	medium-chain triglyceride	391:415	Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants.
24596121	2	1	theme	medium-chain	391:402	arg1	oil					425:427	the oil	421:427	the oil	421:427	Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants.
24596121	6	2	theme	simple	934:939	arg1	equation					947:954	a simple power equation	932:954	a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752)	932:982	Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752).
24596121	8	3	theme	hydrophilic	1463:1473	arg1	ELP					1475:1477	less hydrophilic ELP	1458:1477	less hydrophilic ELP	1458:1477	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	4	theme	solubilization	1650:1663	arg1	importance					1631:1640	the importance	1627:1640	the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release	1627:1727	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	1	5	theme	microcrystalline	299:314	arg1	cellulose					316:324	self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose	282:324	self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	282:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	8	6	from	ability	1607:1613	arg1	oil/surfactant					1563:1576	oil/surfactant	1563:1576	oil/surfactant	1563:1576	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	7	dep	equations	1033:1041	arg1	0.699					1064:1068	Q(2) > 0.699	1057:1068	Q(2) > 0.699	1057:1068	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	7	dep	equations	1033:1041	arg1	>					1048:1048	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	7	dep	equations	1033:1041	arg1	0.693					1094:1098	Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693	1074:1098	0.693	1094:1098	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	8	from	efficiency	1532:1541	arg1	oil/surfactant					1563:1576	oil/surfactant	1563:1576	oil/surfactant	1563:1576	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	9	theme	re-emulsification	1687:1703	arg1	ability					1705:1711	re-emulsification ability	1687:1711	re-emulsification ability	1687:1711	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	10	theme	Drug	985:988	arg1	release					990:996	Drug release	985:996	Drug release	985:996	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	11	with	drugs	1447:1451	arg1	RH40					1483:1486	RH40	1483:1486	RH40 (R(2) = 0.511)	1483:1501	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	11	with	drugs	1447:1451	arg1	ELP					1475:1477	less hydrophilic ELP	1458:1477	less hydrophilic ELP	1458:1477	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	11	with	drugs	1447:1451	arg1	0.511					1496:1500	R(2) = 0.511	1489:1500	R(2) = 0.511	1489:1500	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	4	12	from	changes	645:651	arg1	light					675:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	12	from	changes	645:651	arg1	re-emulsification					686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	12	from	changes	645:651	arg1	release					713:719	drug release	708:719	drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy	708:764	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	1	13	theme	reconstitution	214:227	arg1	kinetics					193:200	the kinetics	189:200	the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	189:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	7	14	theme	Ra2	1044:1046	arg1	0.699					1064:1068	Q(2) > 0.699	1057:1068	Q(2) > 0.699	1057:1068	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	14	theme	Ra2	1044:1046	arg1	>					1048:1048	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	14	theme	Ra2	1044:1046	arg1	0.693					1094:1098	Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693	1074:1098	0.693	1094:1098	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	1	15	theme	release	233:239	arg1	kinetics					193:200	the kinetics	189:200	the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	189:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	4	16	theme	light	726:730	arg1	transmittance					732:744	light transmittance	726:744	light transmittance	726:744	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	8	17	theme	drug	1544:1547	arg1	solubility					1549:1558	drug solubility	1544:1558	drug solubility in oil/surfactant	1544:1576	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	6	18	theme	Ra2	957:959	arg1	>					961:961	Ra2 > 0.945	957:967	Ra2 > 0.945	957:967	Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752).
24596121	8	19	from	importance	1631:1640	arg1	release					1721:1727	drug release	1716:1727	drug release	1716:1727	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	19	from	importance	1631:1640	arg1	oil/surfactant					1668:1681	oil/surfactant	1668:1681	oil/surfactant	1668:1681	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	19	from	importance	1631:1640	arg1	ability					1705:1711	re-emulsification ability	1687:1711	re-emulsification ability	1687:1711	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	20	theme	terminal	1128:1135	arg1	phase					1150:1154	terminal slow release phase	1128:1154	terminal slow release phase	1128:1154	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	1	21	theme	type	169:172	arg1	effects					147:153	The effects	143:153	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	143:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	6	22	dep	>	975:975	arg1	>					961:961	Ra2 > 0.945	957:967	Ra2 > 0.945	957:967	Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752).
24596121	8	23	theme	emulsion	1583:1590	arg1	ability					1607:1613	emulsion reconstitution ability	1583:1613	emulsion reconstitution ability	1583:1613	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	1	24	theme	content	178:184	arg1	effects					147:153	The effects	143:153	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	143:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	8	25	theme	propranolol	1377:1387	arg1	compositions					1389:1400	propranolol compositions	1377:1400	propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915)	1377:1415	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	25	theme	propranolol	1377:1387	arg1	0.915					1410:1414	R(2) = 0.915	1403:1414	R(2) = 0.915	1403:1414	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	0	26	theme	formulation	120:130	arg1	variables					132:140	formulation variables	120:140	formulation variables	120:140	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	1	27	from	effects	147:153	arg1	kinetics					193:200	the kinetics	189:200	the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	189:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	7	28	dep	form	1174:1177	arg1	Lineweaver-Burke					1180:1195	Lineweaver-Burke	1180:1195	Lineweaver-Burke	1180:1195	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	29	theme	Ra2	1228:1230	arg1	>					1232:1232	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	29	theme	Ra2	1228:1230	arg1	0.397					1248:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	0	30	theme	Self-emulsifying	0:15	arg1	pellets					17:23	Self-emulsifying pellets	0:23	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.	0:141	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	1	31	theme	cellulose	316:324	arg1	pellets					326:332	self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	282:332	self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	282:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	4	32	from	spectroscopy	753:764	arg1	light					675:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	32	from	spectroscopy	753:764	arg1	re-emulsification					686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	32	from	spectroscopy	753:764	arg1	release					713:719	drug release	708:719	drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy	708:764	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	7	33	theme	equation	1218:1225	arg1	form					1174:1177	the linear form	1163:1177	the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397)	1163:1253	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	0	34	theme	drug	66:69	arg1	release					71:77	drug release	66:77	drug release	66:77	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	6	35	theme	surfactant	892:901	arg1	content					903:909	the surfactant content	888:909	the surfactant content	888:909	Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752).
24596121	7	36	dep	equation	1218:1225	arg1	>					1232:1232	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	36	dep	equation	1218:1225	arg1	0.397					1248:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	5	37	theme	Emulsion	781:788	arg1	stability					790:798	Emulsion stability	781:798	Emulsion stability	781:798	Emulsion stability increased because of the incorporation of the drugs.
24596121	7	38	theme	>	1078:1078	arg1	>					1048:1048	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	38	theme	>	1078:1078	arg1	0.693					1094:1098	Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693	1074:1098	0.693	1094:1098	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	39	from	oil/surfactant	1668:1681	arg1	release					1721:1727	drug release	1716:1727	drug release	1716:1727	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	4	40	from	transmittance	732:744	arg1	light					675:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	40	from	transmittance	732:744	arg1	re-emulsification					686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	40	from	transmittance	732:744	arg1	release					713:719	drug release	708:719	drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy	708:764	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	8	41	from	release	1721:1727	arg1	importance					1631:1640	the importance	1627:1640	the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release	1627:1727	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	42	theme	rate	1288:1291	arg1	constants					1293:1301	the rate constants	1284:1301	the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511)	1284:1501	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	3	43	theme	75	553:554	arg1	%					555:555	%	555:555	%	555:555	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	7	44	theme	initial	1110:1116	arg1	burst					1118:1122	initial burst	1110:1122	initial burst	1110:1122	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	45	theme	drug	1645:1648	arg1	solubilization					1650:1663	drug solubilization	1645:1663	drug solubilization	1645:1663	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	46	theme	R	1489:1489	arg1	RH40					1483:1486	RH40	1483:1486	RH40 (R(2) = 0.511)	1483:1501	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	46	theme	R	1489:1489	arg1	0.511					1496:1500	R(2) = 0.511	1489:1500	R(2) = 0.511	1489:1500	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	47	theme	drug	1359:1362	arg1	release					1364:1370	drug release	1359:1370	drug release	1359:1370	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	6	48	theme	power	941:945	arg1	equation					947:954	a simple power equation	932:954	a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752)	932:982	Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752).
24596121	7	49	theme	release	1142:1148	arg1	phase					1150:1154	terminal slow release phase	1128:1154	terminal slow release phase	1128:1154	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	50	theme	drugs	1447:1451	arg1	compositions					1426:1437	compositions	1426:1437	compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511)	1426:1501	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	1	51	theme	self-emulsifying	282:297	arg1	cellulose					316:324	self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose	282:324	self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets	282:332	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	6	52	dep	equation	947:954	arg1	>					975:975	>	975:975	> 0.752	975:981	Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752).
24596121	8	53	theme	=	1494:1494	arg1	RH40					1483:1486	RH40	1483:1486	RH40 (R(2) = 0.511)	1483:1501	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	53	theme	=	1494:1494	arg1	0.511					1496:1500	R(2) = 0.511	1489:1500	R(2) = 0.511	1489:1500	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	4	54	theme	back-scattered	660:673	arg1	light					675:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	54	theme	back-scattered	660:673	arg1	re-emulsification					686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	re-emulsification	686:702	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	54	theme	back-scattered	660:673	arg1	release					713:719	drug release	708:719	drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy	708:764	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	3	55	with	extrusion/spheronization	512:535	arg1	water					557:561	75% water and 25%	553:569	water	557:561	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	3	55	with	extrusion/spheronization	512:535	arg1	%					569:569	75% water and 25%	553:569	%	569:569	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	3	55	with	extrusion/spheronization	512:535	arg1	emulsions					542:550	emulsions	542:550	emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug)	542:596	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	7	56	theme	Q	1057:1057	arg1	>					1048:1048	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	56	theme	Q	1057:1057	arg1	0.699					1064:1068	Q(2) > 0.699	1057:1068	Q(2) > 0.699	1057:1068	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	57	theme	drug	1716:1719	arg1	release					1721:1727	drug release	1716:1727	drug release	1716:1727	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	1	58	theme	emulsion	205:212	arg1	reconstitution					214:227	emulsion reconstitution and release	205:239	reconstitution	214:227	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	8	59	theme	equations	1310:1318	arg1	constants					1293:1301	the rate constants	1284:1301	the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511)	1284:1501	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	60	theme	>	1246:1246	arg1	0.397					1248:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	60	theme	>	1246:1246	arg1	>					1232:1232	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	61	from	solubility	1549:1558	arg1	oil/surfactant					1563:1576	oil/surfactant	1563:1576	oil/surfactant	1563:1576	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	62	theme	biexponential	1019:1031	arg1	equations					1033:1041	two biexponential equations	1015:1041	two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase	1015:1154	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	8	63	theme	dissolution	1520:1530	arg1	efficiency					1532:1541	dissolution efficiency	1520:1541	dissolution efficiency	1520:1541	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	3	64	dep	water	557:561	arg1	oil/surfactant/drug					577:595	oil/surfactant/drug	577:595	oil/surfactant/drug	577:595	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	8	65	theme	emulsion	1331:1338	arg1	reconstitution					1340:1353	emulsion reconstitution	1331:1353	emulsion reconstitution	1331:1353	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	66	theme	Q	1241:1241	arg1	0.397					1248:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Q(2) > 0.397	1241:1252	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	66	theme	Q	1241:1241	arg1	>					1232:1232	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Ra2 > 0.726	1228:1238	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	0	67	theme	release	71:77	arg1	parameters					52:61	kinetic parameters	44:61	kinetic parameters of drug release	44:77	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	0	67	theme	release	71:77	arg1	reconstitution-influence					92:115	emulsion reconstitution-influence	83:115	emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables	83:140	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	1	68	theme	surfactant	158:167	arg1	type					169:172	surfactant type	158:172	surfactant type	158:172	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	0	69	theme	emulsion	83:90	arg1	reconstitution-influence					92:115	emulsion reconstitution-influence	83:115	emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables	83:140	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	4	70	theme	drug	708:711	arg1	light					675:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	the back-scattered light	656:679	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	4	70	theme	drug	708:711	arg1	release					713:719	drug release	708:719	drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy	708:764	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	0	71	theme	variables	132:140	arg1	parameters					52:61	kinetic parameters	44:61	kinetic parameters of drug release	44:77	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	0	71	theme	variables	132:140	arg1	reconstitution-influence					92:115	emulsion reconstitution-influence	83:115	emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables	83:140	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	8	72	theme	reconstitution	1592:1605	arg1	ability					1607:1613	emulsion reconstitution ability	1583:1613	emulsion reconstitution ability	1583:1613	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	73	theme	R	1403:1403	arg1	compositions					1389:1400	propranolol compositions	1377:1400	propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915)	1377:1415	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	73	theme	R	1403:1403	arg1	0.915					1410:1414	R(2) = 0.915	1403:1414	R(2) = 0.915	1403:1414	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	74	theme	>	1092:1092	arg1	>					1048:1048	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	74	theme	>	1092:1092	arg1	0.693					1094:1098	Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693	1074:1098	0.693	1094:1098	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	75	theme	Michaelis-Menten	1201:1216	arg1	equation					1218:1225	Michaelis-Menten equation	1201:1225	Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397)	1201:1253	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	4	76	theme	UV	750:751	arg1	spectroscopy					753:764	UV spectroscopy	750:764	UV spectroscopy	750:764	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	5	77	theme	drugs	846:850	arg1	incorporation					825:837	the incorporation	821:837	the incorporation of the drugs	821:850	Emulsion stability increased because of the incorporation of the drugs.
24596121	2	78	dep	Cremophors	434:443	arg1	Cremophors					434:443	Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60	434:463	Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60	434:463	Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants.
24596121	2	78	dep	Cremophors	434:443	arg1	RH40					450:453	RH40	450:453	RH40	450:453	Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants.
24596121	2	78	dep	Cremophors	434:443	arg1	RH60					460:463	RH60	460:463	RH60	460:463	Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants.
24596121	2	78	dep	Cremophors	434:443	arg1	ELP					445:447	ELP	445:447	ELP	445:447	Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants.
24596121	8	79	theme	=	1408:1408	arg1	compositions					1389:1400	propranolol compositions	1377:1400	propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915)	1377:1415	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	8	79	theme	=	1408:1408	arg1	0.915					1410:1414	R(2) = 0.915	1403:1414	R(2) = 0.915	1403:1414	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	0	80	theme	kinetic	44:50	arg1	parameters					52:61	kinetic parameters	44:61	kinetic parameters of drug release	44:77	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	8	81	from	ability	1705:1711	arg1	release					1721:1727	drug release	1716:1727	drug release	1716:1727	Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
24596121	7	82	theme	Ra2	1074:1076	arg1	>					1048:1048	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Ra2 > 0.989	1044:1054	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	82	theme	Ra2	1074:1076	arg1	0.693					1094:1098	Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693	1074:1098	0.693	1094:1098	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	83	theme	linear	1167:1172	arg1	form					1174:1177	the linear form	1163:1177	the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397)	1163:1253	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	7	84	dep	0.693	1094:1098	arg1	Q					1087:1087	Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693	1074:1098	Q	1087:1087	Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397).
24596121	4	85	theme	emulsions	616:624	arg1	Stability					599:607	Stability	599:607	Stability of the emulsions	599:624	Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively.
24596121	1	86	theme	drugs	244:248	arg1	reconstitution					214:227	emulsion reconstitution and release	205:239	reconstitution	214:227	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	1	86	theme	drugs	244:248	arg1	release					233:239	emulsion reconstitution and release	205:239	release	233:239	The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied.
24596121	0	87	dep	pellets	17:23	arg1	relations					26:34	relations	26:34	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.	0:141	Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables.
24596121	3	88	theme	%	555:555	arg1	w/w					572:574	w/w	572:574	w/w	572:574	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	3	88	theme	%	555:555	arg1	water					557:561	75% water and 25%	553:569	water	557:561	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
24596121	3	88	theme	%	555:555	arg1	emulsions					542:550	emulsions	542:550	emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug)	542:596	Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug).
26044012	2	0	theme	N-terminal	256:265	arg1	lectin					267:272	only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	247:288	lectin	267:272	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	1	1	theme	activated	158:166	arg1	platelets					168:176	activated platelets	158:176	activated platelets	158:176	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	3	2	theme	same	408:411	arg1	construct					413:421	the same construct	404:421	the same construct	404:421	We have now expressed the same construct in CHO-Lec1 cells that make truncated glycans.
26044012	2	3	theme	EGF	278:280	arg1	domains					282:288	only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	247:288	domains	282:288	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	1	4	theme	activated	126:134	arg1	cells					148:152	activated endothelial cells	126:152	activated endothelial cells	126:152	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	1	5	gly	glycoprotein	100:111	arg1	P-selectin					71:80	P-selectin	71:80	P-selectin	71:80	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	1	5	gly	glycoprotein	100:111	arg1	glycoprotein					100:111	a multi-domain glycoprotein	85:111	a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets	85:176	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	3	6	theme	CHO-Lec1	426:433	arg1	cells					435:439	CHO-Lec1 cells	426:439	CHO-Lec1 cells that make truncated glycans	426:467	We have now expressed the same construct in CHO-Lec1 cells that make truncated glycans.
26044012	2	7	theme	recombinant	205:215	arg1	form					217:220	a recombinant form	203:220	a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	203:288	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	4	8	from	glycosylation	482:494	arg1	cells					505:509	these cells	499:509	these cells	499:509	The uniform glycosylation in these cells should make it easier to crystallize this protein.
26044012	1	9	theme	endothelial	136:146	arg1	cells					148:152	activated endothelial cells	126:152	activated endothelial cells	126:152	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	4	10	gly	glycosylation	482:494	arg1	cells					505:509	these cells	499:509	these cells	499:509	The uniform glycosylation in these cells should make it easier to crystallize this protein.
26044012	2	11	contain	containing	236:245	arg2	domains					282:288	only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	247:288	domains	282:288	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	2	11	contain	containing	236:245	arg1	P-selectin					225:234	P-selectin	225:234	P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	225:288	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	2	11	contain	containing	236:245	arg2	lectin					267:272	only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	247:288	lectin	267:272	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	3	12	theme	truncated	451:459	arg1	glycans					461:467	truncated glycans	451:467	truncated glycans	451:467	We have now expressed the same construct in CHO-Lec1 cells that make truncated glycans.
26044012	4	13	theme	uniform	474:480	arg1	glycosylation					482:494	The uniform glycosylation	470:494	The uniform glycosylation in these cells	470:509	The uniform glycosylation in these cells should make it easier to crystallize this protein.
26044012	2	14	theme	CHO-K1	293:298	arg1	cells					300:304	CHO-K1 cells	293:304	CHO-K1 cells	293:304	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	0	15	theme	C-terminal	55:64	arg1	tag					66:68	its C-terminal tag	51:68	its C-terminal tag	51:68	Immunodetection of P-selectin using an antibody to its C-terminal tag.
26044012	2	16	theme	P-selectin	225:234	arg1	form					217:220	a recombinant form	203:220	a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains	203:288	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	1	17	theme	multi-domain	87:98	arg1	P-selectin					71:80	P-selectin	71:80	P-selectin	71:80	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	1	17	theme	multi-domain	87:98	arg1	glycoprotein					100:111	a multi-domain glycoprotein	85:111	a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets	85:176	P-selectin is a multi-domain glycoprotein expressed on activated endothelial cells and activated platelets.
26044012	2	18	theme	ligand	366:371	arg1	binding					373:379	ligand binding	366:379	ligand binding	366:379	We previously expressed a recombinant form of P-selectin containing only its N-terminal lectin and EGF domains in CHO-K1 cells and showed that these two domains are sufficient to mediate ligand binding.
26044012	0	19	theme	P-selectin	19:28	arg1	Immunodetection					0:14	Immunodetection	0:14	Immunodetection of P-selectin	0:28	Immunodetection of P-selectin using an antibody to its C-terminal tag.
26090419	2	0	theme	fatty	578:582	arg1	synthase					589:596	fatty acid synthase	578:596	fatty acid synthase (FAS)	578:602	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	0	theme	fatty	578:582	arg1	FAS					599:601	FAS	599:601	FAS	599:601	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	4	1	theme	SCD-1	999:1003	arg1	downregulation					975:988	downregulation	975:988	downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression	975:1022	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	7	2	dep	isomers	1465:1471	arg1	t10c12					1484:1489	t10c12	1484:1489	t10c12	1484:1489	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	7	2	dep	isomers	1465:1471	arg1	c9t11					1474:1478	c9t11	1474:1478	c9t11	1474:1478	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	7	2	dep	isomers	1465:1471	arg1	isomers					1465:1471	both CLA isomers	1456:1471	both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12)	1456:1490	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	4	3	theme	serum	834:838	arg1	triacylglycerols					840:855	serum triacylglycerols	834:855	serum triacylglycerols	834:855	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	4	4	theme	FAS	1009:1011	arg1	expression					1013:1022	FAS expression	1009:1022	FAS expression	1009:1022	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	0	5	from	Diet	144:147	arg1	Rats					152:155	Rats	152:155	Rats	152:155	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	1	6	from	disease	292:298	arg1	rats					348:351	rats	348:351	rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet	348:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	5	7	theme	liver	1173:1177	arg1	weight					1179:1184	liver weight	1173:1184	liver weight	1173:1184	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	2	8	theme	synthase	589:596	arg1	content					684:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content	647:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver	647:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	8	theme	synthase	589:596	arg1	weight					508:513	increased liver weight	492:513	increased liver weight	492:513	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	8	theme	synthase	589:596	arg1	expression					564:573	upregulated expression	552:573	upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1)	552:640	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	8	theme	synthase	589:596	arg1	storage					528:534	glycogen storage	519:534	glycogen storage	519:534	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	8	theme	synthase	589:596	arg1	gain					452:455	body weight gain	440:455	body weight gain (without influencing food intake)	440:489	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	9	theme	glycogen	519:526	arg1	storage					528:534	glycogen storage	519:534	glycogen storage	519:534	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	0	10	theme	Genes	102:106	arg1	Expression					108:117	Lipogenic Genes Expression	92:117	Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats	92:155	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	3	11	theme	CLA	711:713	arg1	isomers					715:721	Both CLA isomers	706:721	Both CLA isomers	706:721	Both CLA isomers prevented excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver.
26090419	5	12	from	effects	1162:1168	arg1	weight					1179:1184	liver weight	1173:1184	liver weight	1173:1184	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	5	12	from	effects	1162:1168	arg1	composition					1217:1227	fatty acid composition	1206:1227	fatty acid composition	1206:1227	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	5	12	from	effects	1162:1168	arg1	content					1193:1199	lipid content	1187:1199	lipid content	1187:1199	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	1	13	theme	individual	193:202	arg1	c9t11-CLA					238:246	c9t11-CLA	238:246	c9t11-CLA	238:246	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	13	theme	individual	193:202	arg1	isomers					229:235	individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers	193:235	individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers	193:235	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	13	theme	individual	193:202	arg1	t10c12-CLA					252:261	t10c12-CLA	252:261	t10c12-CLA	252:261	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	2	14	theme	saturated	657:665	arg1	SFA					679:681	SFA	679:681	SFA	679:681	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	14	theme	saturated	657:665	arg1	acid					673:676	saturated fatty acid	657:676	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver	647:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	0	15	theme	High-Fructose	130:142	arg1	Diet					144:147	High-Fructose Diet	130:147	High-Fructose Diet in Rats	130:155	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	7	16	theme	isomer	1568:1573	arg1	action					1543:1548	the hypolipemic action	1527:1548	the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer	1527:1573	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	7	16	theme	isomer	1568:1573	arg1	pronounced					1593:1602	pronounced	1593:1602	pronounced	1593:1602	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	1	17	theme	acid	224:227	arg1	c9t11-CLA					238:246	c9t11-CLA	238:246	c9t11-CLA	238:246	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	17	theme	acid	224:227	arg1	isomers					229:235	individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers	193:235	individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers	193:235	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	17	theme	acid	224:227	arg1	t10c12-CLA					252:261	t10c12-CLA	252:261	t10c12-CLA	252:261	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	2	18	theme	food	478:481	arg1	intake					483:488	influencing food intake	466:488	influencing food intake	466:488	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	1	19	dep	control	377:383	arg1	diet					402:405	diet	402:405	diet	402:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	20	theme	nonalcoholic	267:278	arg1	disease					292:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	267:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)	267:306	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	20	theme	nonalcoholic	267:278	arg1	NAFLD					301:305	NAFLD	301:305	NAFLD	301:305	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	2	21	theme	acid	673:676	arg1	content					684:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content	647:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver	647:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	0	22	theme	Liver	57:61	arg1	Storage					72:78	Excess Liver Glycogen Storage	50:78	Excess Liver Glycogen Storage	50:78	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	1	23	theme	systemic	312:319	arg1	dysfunction					333:343	systemic endothelial dysfunction	312:343	systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet	312:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	2	24	theme	increased	492:500	arg1	weight					508:513	increased liver weight	492:513	increased liver weight	492:513	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	25	theme	stearoyl-CoA	608:619	arg1	SCD-1					635:639	SCD-1	635:639	SCD-1	635:639	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	25	theme	stearoyl-CoA	608:619	arg1	desaturase-1					621:632	stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1	608:632	stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1)	608:640	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	5	26	theme	acid	1212:1215	arg1	composition					1217:1227	fatty acid composition	1206:1227	fatty acid composition	1206:1227	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	3	27	theme	glycogen	759:766	arg1	accumulation					743:754	excessive accumulation	733:754	excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver	733:779	Both CLA isomers prevented excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver.
26090419	6	28	theme	liver	1303:1307	arg1	storage					1318:1324	increased liver glycogen storage	1293:1324	increased liver glycogen storage	1293:1324	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	4	29	theme	liver	925:929	arg1	content					937:943	liver lipid content	925:943	liver lipid content	925:943	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	0	30	theme	Individual	0:9	arg1	Isomers					15:21	Individual CLA Isomers	0:21	Individual CLA Isomers	0:21	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	0	30	theme	Individual	0:9	arg1	t10c12					34:39	t10c12	34:39	t10c12	34:39	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	0	30	theme	Individual	0:9	arg1	c9t11					24:28	c9t11	24:28	c9t11	24:28	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	4	31	theme	liver	993:997	arg1	SCD-1					999:1003	liver SCD-1	993:1003	liver SCD-1	993:1003	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	6	32	theme	simultaneous	1379:1390	arg1	upregulation					1392:1403	simultaneous upregulation	1379:1403	simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis	1379:1444	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	5	33	theme	FAS	1138:1140	arg1	expression					1124:1133	liver expression	1118:1133	liver expression of FAS	1118:1140	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	4	34	theme	fatty	949:953	arg1	composition					960:970	fatty acid composition	949:970	fatty acid composition	949:970	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	6	35	theme	gluconeogenesis	1355:1369	arg1	induction					1342:1350	the induction	1338:1350	the induction of gluconeogenesis	1338:1369	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	1	36	theme	liver	286:290	arg1	disease					292:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	267:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)	267:306	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	36	theme	liver	286:290	arg1	NAFLD					301:305	NAFLD	301:305	NAFLD	301:305	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	2	37	theme	body	440:443	arg1	gain					452:455	body weight gain	440:455	body weight gain (without influencing food intake)	440:489	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	4	38	dep	LDL	861:863	arg1	cholesterol					872:882	cholesterol	872:882	cholesterol	872:882	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	3	39	from	accumulation	743:754	arg1	liver					775:779	the liver	771:779	the liver	771:779	Both CLA isomers prevented excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver.
26090419	1	40	theme	conjugated	204:213	arg1	acid					224:227	conjugated linoleic acid	204:227	individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers	193:235	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	7	41	theme	CLA	1461:1463	arg1	t10c12					1484:1489	t10c12	1484:1489	t10c12	1484:1489	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	7	41	theme	CLA	1461:1463	arg1	c9t11					1474:1478	c9t11	1474:1478	c9t11	1474:1478	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	7	41	theme	CLA	1461:1463	arg1	isomers					1465:1471	both CLA isomers	1456:1471	both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12)	1456:1490	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	5	42	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	content					1193:1199	lipid content	1187:1199	lipid content	1187:1199	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	6	43	theme	de	1426:1427	arg1	lipogenesis					1434:1444	de novo lipogenesis	1426:1444	de novo lipogenesis	1426:1444	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	5	44	theme	significant	1150:1160	arg1	effects					1162:1168	significant effects	1150:1168	significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition	1150:1227	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	4	45	theme	expression	1013:1022	arg1	downregulation					975:988	downregulation	975:988	downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression	975:1022	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	2	46	from	storage	528:534	arg1	liver					699:703	the liver	695:703	the liver	695:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	46	from	storage	528:534	arg1	hepatocytes					539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	47	theme	upregulated	552:562	arg1	expression					564:573	upregulated expression	552:573	upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1)	552:640	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	48	theme	acid	584:587	arg1	synthase					589:596	fatty acid synthase	578:596	fatty acid synthase (FAS)	578:602	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	48	theme	acid	584:587	arg1	FAS					599:601	FAS	599:601	FAS	599:601	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	6	49	theme	high-fructose	1262:1274	arg1	diet					1276:1279	a high-fructose diet	1260:1279	a high-fructose diet	1260:1279	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	6	50	with	rats	1250:1253	arg1	diet					1276:1279	a high-fructose diet	1260:1279	a high-fructose diet	1260:1279	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	2	51	theme	liver	502:506	arg1	weight					508:513	increased liver weight	492:513	increased liver weight	492:513	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	52	theme	fatty	667:671	arg1	SFA					679:681	SFA	679:681	SFA	679:681	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	52	theme	fatty	667:671	arg1	acid					673:676	saturated fatty acid	657:676	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver	647:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	5	53	theme	control	1086:1092	arg1	group					1094:1098	the control group	1082:1098	the control group	1082:1098	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	7	54	theme	t10c12-CLA	1557:1566	arg1	isomer					1568:1573	the t10c12-CLA isomer	1553:1573	the t10c12-CLA isomer	1553:1573	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	4	55	theme	triacylglycerols	840:855	arg1	LDL					861:863	LDL	861:863	LDL	861:863	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	4	55	theme	triacylglycerols	840:855	arg1	concentration					817:829	concentration	817:829	concentration of serum triacylglycerols	817:855	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	4	55	theme	triacylglycerols	840:855	arg1	VLDL					867:870	VLDL	867:870	VLDL	867:870	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	2	56	theme	increased	647:655	arg1	content					684:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content	647:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver	647:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	6	57	theme	feeding	1242:1248	arg1	rats					1250:1253	feeding rats	1242:1253	feeding rats with a high-fructose diet	1242:1279	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	1	58	from	effects	182:188	arg1	disease					292:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	267:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)	267:306	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	58	from	effects	182:188	arg1	dysfunction					333:343	systemic endothelial dysfunction	312:343	systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet	312:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	58	from	effects	182:188	arg1	NAFLD					301:305	NAFLD	301:305	NAFLD	301:305	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	0	59	theme	Excess	50:55	arg1	Storage					72:78	Excess Liver Glycogen Storage	50:78	Excess Liver Glycogen Storage	50:78	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	7	60	theme	hypolipemic	1531:1541	arg1	action					1543:1548	the hypolipemic action	1527:1548	the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer	1527:1573	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	7	60	theme	hypolipemic	1531:1541	arg1	pronounced					1593:1602	pronounced	1593:1602	pronounced	1593:1602	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	2	61	theme	influencing	466:476	arg1	intake					483:488	influencing food intake	466:488	influencing food intake	466:488	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	3	62	theme	excessive	733:741	arg1	accumulation					743:754	excessive accumulation	733:754	excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver	733:779	Both CLA isomers prevented excessive accumulation of glycogen in the liver.
26090419	0	63	theme	Glycogen	63:70	arg1	Storage					72:78	Excess Liver Glycogen Storage	50:78	Excess Liver Glycogen Storage	50:78	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	4	64	theme	lipid	931:935	arg1	content					937:943	liver lipid content	925:943	liver lipid content	925:943	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	2	65	theme	desaturase-1	621:632	arg1	content					684:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content	647:690	increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver	647:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	65	theme	desaturase-1	621:632	arg1	weight					508:513	increased liver weight	492:513	increased liver weight	492:513	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	65	theme	desaturase-1	621:632	arg1	expression					564:573	upregulated expression	552:573	upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1)	552:640	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	65	theme	desaturase-1	621:632	arg1	storage					528:534	glycogen storage	519:534	glycogen storage	519:534	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	65	theme	desaturase-1	621:632	arg1	gain					452:455	body weight gain	440:455	body weight gain (without influencing food intake)	440:489	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	5	66	theme	fatty	1206:1210	arg1	composition					1217:1227	fatty acid composition	1206:1227	fatty acid composition	1206:1227	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	6	67	theme	glycogen	1309:1316	arg1	storage					1318:1324	increased liver glycogen storage	1293:1324	increased liver glycogen storage	1293:1324	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	1	68	theme	endothelial	321:331	arg1	dysfunction					333:343	systemic endothelial dysfunction	312:343	systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet	312:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	7	69	theme	hepatoprotective	1500:1515	arg1	activity					1517:1524	hepatoprotective activity	1500:1524	hepatoprotective activity	1500:1524	Although both CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) display hepatoprotective activity, the hypolipemic action of the t10c12-CLA isomer proved to be more pronounced than that of c9t11-CLA.
26090419	4	70	theme	HDL	895:897	arg1	cholesterol					899:909	HDL cholesterol	895:909	HDL cholesterol	895:909	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	0	71	theme	Lipogenic	92:100	arg1	Expression					108:117	Lipogenic Genes Expression	92:117	Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats	92:155	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	2	72	from	gain	452:455	arg1	liver					699:703	the liver	695:703	the liver	695:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	72	from	gain	452:455	arg1	hepatocytes					539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	6	73	theme	increased	1293:1301	arg1	storage					1318:1324	increased liver glycogen storage	1293:1324	increased liver glycogen storage	1293:1324	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	0	74	theme	CLA	11:13	arg1	Isomers					15:21	Individual CLA Isomers	0:21	Individual CLA Isomers	0:21	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	0	74	theme	CLA	11:13	arg1	t10c12					34:39	t10c12	34:39	t10c12	34:39	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	0	74	theme	CLA	11:13	arg1	c9t11					24:28	c9t11	24:28	c9t11	24:28	Individual CLA Isomers, c9t11 and t10c12, Prevent Excess Liver Glycogen Storage and Inhibit Lipogenic Genes Expression Induced by High-Fructose Diet in Rats.
26090419	5	75	theme	LDL+VLDL	1058:1065	arg1	cholesterol					1067:1077	LDL+VLDL cholesterol	1058:1077	LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group	1058:1098	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	2	76	theme	high-fructose	412:424	arg1	diet					426:429	The high-fructose diet	408:429	The high-fructose diet	408:429	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	77	from	expression	564:573	arg1	liver					699:703	the liver	695:703	the liver	695:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	77	from	expression	564:573	arg1	hepatocytes					539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	1	78	from	dysfunction	333:343	arg1	rats					348:351	rats	348:351	rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet	348:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	79	theme	fatty	280:284	arg1	disease					292:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	267:298	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)	267:306	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	1	79	theme	fatty	280:284	arg1	NAFLD					301:305	NAFLD	301:305	NAFLD	301:305	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	2	80	theme	weight	445:450	arg1	gain					452:455	body weight gain	440:455	body weight gain (without influencing food intake)	440:489	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	81	from	content	684:690	arg1	liver					699:703	the liver	695:703	the liver	695:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	81	from	content	684:690	arg1	hepatocytes					539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	5	82	from	cholesterol	1067:1077	arg1	group					1094:1098	the control group	1082:1098	the control group	1082:1098	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	4	83	theme	acid	955:958	arg1	composition					960:970	fatty acid composition	949:970	fatty acid composition	949:970	Specifically, t10c12-CLA decreased concentration of serum triacylglycerols and LDL + VLDL cholesterol, increased HDL cholesterol, and affected liver lipid content and fatty acid composition by downregulation of liver SCD-1 and FAS expression.
26090419	5	84	theme	liver	1118:1122	arg1	expression					1124:1133	liver expression	1118:1133	liver expression of FAS	1118:1140	In turn, the c9t11-CLA decreased LDL+VLDL cholesterol in the control group and downregulated liver expression of FAS without significant effects on liver weight, lipid content, and fatty acid composition.
26090419	6	85	dep	de	1426:1427	arg1	novo					1429:1432	novo	1429:1432	novo	1429:1432	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	2	86	from	weight	508:513	arg1	liver					699:703	the liver	695:703	the liver	695:703	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	2	86	from	weight	508:513	arg1	hepatocytes					539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	hepatocytes	539:549	The high-fructose diet hampered body weight gain (without influencing food intake), increased liver weight and glycogen storage in hepatocytes, upregulated expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and increased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content in the liver.
26090419	1	87	theme	linoleic	215:222	arg1	acid					224:227	conjugated linoleic acid	204:227	individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers	193:235	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
26090419	6	88	theme	genes	1408:1412	arg1	upregulation					1392:1403	simultaneous upregulation	1379:1403	simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis	1379:1444	In summary, feeding rats with a high-fructose diet resulted in increased liver glycogen storage, indicating the induction of gluconeogenesis despite simultaneous upregulation of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis.
26090419	1	89	theme	isomers	229:235	arg1	effects					182:188	the effects	178:188	the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet	178:405	This study assessed the effects of individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers, c9t11-CLA and t10c12-CLA, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and systemic endothelial dysfunction in rats fed for four weeks with control or high-fructose diet.
27929386	8	0	theme	radical	1339:1345	arg1	intervention					1347:1358	radical intervention	1339:1358	radical intervention	1339:1358	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	0	1	theme	Milk	70:73	arg1	Composition					55:65	Poorer Composition	48:65	Poorer Composition of Milk	48:73	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	0	1	theme	Milk	70:73	arg1	Levels					7:12	Higher Levels	0:12	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination	0:42	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	7	2	theme	small	1114:1118	arg1	collectors					1120:1129	small collectors	1114:1129	small collectors (2.23 ppb)	1114:1140	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	7	2	theme	small	1114:1118	arg1	ppb					1137:1139	2.23 ppb	1132:1139	2.23 ppb	1132:1139	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	7	3	from	concentration	1037:1049	arg1	milk					1070:1073	milk	1070:1073	milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb)	1070:1194	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	8	4	theme	regulatory	1363:1372	arg1	authorities					1374:1384	regulatory authorities	1363:1384	regulatory authorities	1363:1384	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	2	5	theme	different	323:331	arg1	chains					333:338	three different chains	317:338	three different chains	317:338	Milk samples (485) were collected from three different chains over a period of one year.
27929386	1	6	theme	milk	240:243	arg1	M1					210:211	aflatoxin M1	200:211	aflatoxin M1	200:211	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	1	6	theme	milk	240:243	arg1	quality					229:235	nutritional quality	217:235	nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains	217:275	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	0	7	theme	Informal	87:94	arg1	Chains					111:116	Informal Milk Marketing Chains	87:116	Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan	87:128	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	8	8	theme	mass	1390:1393	arg1	awareness					1395:1403	mass awareness	1390:1403	mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety	1390:1454	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	2	9	theme	Milk	278:281	arg1	485					292:294	485	292:294	485	292:294	Milk samples (485) were collected from three different chains over a period of one year.
27929386	2	9	theme	Milk	278:281	arg1	samples					283:289	Milk samples	278:289	Milk samples (485)	278:295	Milk samples (485) were collected from three different chains over a period of one year.
27929386	8	10	theme	consequences	1412:1423	arg1	authorities					1374:1384	regulatory authorities	1363:1384	regulatory authorities	1363:1384	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	8	10	theme	consequences	1412:1423	arg1	awareness					1395:1403	mass awareness	1390:1403	mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety	1390:1454	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	4	11	theme	water	619:623	arg1	lower					651:655	lower	651:655	lower	651:655	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	4	11	theme	water	619:623	arg1	percentage					599:608	The percentage	595:608	The percentage of added water in milk	595:631	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	6	12	theme	milk	958:961	arg1	quality					963:969	milk quality	958:969	milk quality along the marketing chain	958:995	This was reflected in changes in milk quality along the marketing chain.
27929386	1	13	theme	informal	251:258	arg1	chains					270:275	informal marketing chains	251:275	informal marketing chains	251:275	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	0	14	theme	Marketing	101:109	arg1	Chains					111:116	Informal Milk Marketing Chains	87:116	Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan	87:128	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	2	15	theme	year	361:364	arg1	period					347:352	a period	345:352	a period of one year	345:364	Milk samples (485) were collected from three different chains over a period of one year.
27929386	0	16	theme	Milk	96:99	arg1	Chains					111:116	Informal Milk Marketing Chains	87:116	Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan	87:128	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	5	17	theme	small	848:852	arg1	collectors					854:863	small collectors	848:863	small collectors (14.97%)	848:872	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	5	17	theme	small	848:852	arg1	%					871:871	14.97%	866:871	14.97%	866:871	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	3	18	theme	average	371:377	arg1	higher					499:504	higher	499:504	higher	499:504	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	18	theme	average	371:377	arg1	concentrations					379:392	The average concentrations	367:392	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb)	367:466	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	4	19	from	milk	628:631	arg1	lower					651:655	lower	651:655	lower	651:655	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	4	19	from	milk	628:631	arg1	percentage					599:608	The percentage	595:608	The percentage of added water in milk	595:631	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	5	20	theme	=	778:778	arg1	SED					774:776	SED = 2.38	774:783	SED = 2.38	774:783	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	8	21	located	found	1230:1234	arg1	study					1244:1248	this study	1239:1248	this study	1239:1248	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	8	21	located	found	1230:1234	arg2	contamination					1216:1228	contamination	1216:1228	contamination found in this study	1216:1248	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	3	22	theme	standard	507:514	arg1	error					516:520	standard error	507:520	standard error of the difference	507:538	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	4	23	dep	=	662:662	arg1	1.54					664:667	1.54	664:667	1.54	664:667	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	0	24	theme	Higher	0:5	arg1	Levels					7:12	Higher Levels	0:12	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination	0:42	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	1	25	theme	marketing	260:268	arg1	chains					270:275	informal marketing chains	251:275	informal marketing chains	251:275	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	4	26	from	water	619:623	arg1	milk					628:631	milk	628:631	milk	628:631	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	4	27	theme	added	613:617	arg1	water					619:623	added water	613:623	added water in milk	613:631	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	3	28	theme	aflatoxin	397:405	arg1	M1					407:408	aflatoxin M1	397:408	aflatoxin M1	397:408	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	0	29	theme	Aflatoxin	17:25	arg1	M1					27:28	Aflatoxin M1	17:28	Aflatoxin M1 Contamination	17:42	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	7	30	theme	M1	1064:1065	arg1	concentration					1037:1049	concentration	1037:1049	concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb)	1037:1194	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	4	31	theme	<	672:672	arg1	p					670:670	p < 0.001	670:678	p < 0.001	670:678	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	1	32	theme	seasonal	178:185	arg1	variation					187:195	the seasonal variation	174:195	the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains	174:275	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	3	33	theme	monsoon	432:438	arg1	ppb					463:465	2.60 and 2.59 ppb	449:465	2.60 and 2.59 ppb	449:465	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	33	theme	monsoon	432:438	arg1	seasons					440:446	the autumn and monsoon seasons	417:446	seasons	440:446	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	0	34	theme	Contamination	30:42	arg1	Composition					55:65	Poorer Composition	48:65	Poorer Composition of Milk	48:73	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	0	34	theme	Contamination	30:42	arg1	Levels					7:12	Higher Levels	0:12	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination	0:42	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	8	35	theme	consumer	1429:1436	arg1	health					1438:1443	consumer health	1429:1443	consumer health	1429:1443	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	3	36	theme	difference	529:538	arg1	error					516:520	standard error	507:520	standard error of the difference	507:538	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	4	37	dep	SED	658:660	arg1	p					670:670	p < 0.001	670:678	p < 0.001	670:678	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	0	38	theme	M1	27:28	arg1	Contamination					30:42	Aflatoxin M1 Contamination	17:42	Aflatoxin M1 Contamination	17:42	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	8	39	theme	contamination	1216:1228	arg1	levels					1206:1211	The high levels	1197:1211	The high levels	1197:1211	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	7	40	theme	aflatoxin	1054:1062	arg1	M1					1064:1065	aflatoxin M1	1054:1065	aflatoxin M1	1054:1065	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	1	41	theme	aflatoxin	200:208	arg1	M1					210:211	aflatoxin M1	200:211	aflatoxin M1	200:211	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	0	42	theme	Poorer	48:53	arg1	Composition					55:65	Poorer Composition	48:65	Poorer Composition of Milk	48:73	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
27929386	5	43	theme	large	875:879	arg1	collectors					881:890	large collectors	875:890	large collectors (27.96%)	875:899	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	5	43	theme	large	875:879	arg1	%					898:898	27.96%	893:898	27.96%	893:898	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	4	44	theme	monsoon	712:718	arg1	season					720:725	the monsoon season	708:725	the monsoon season	708:725	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	3	45	theme	M1	407:408	arg1	higher					499:504	higher	499:504	higher	499:504	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	45	theme	M1	407:408	arg1	concentrations					379:392	The average concentrations	367:392	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb)	367:466	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	5	46	theme	mean	797:800	arg1	percentage					802:811	a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage	747:811	a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%)	747:922	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	5	47	dep	SED	774:776	arg1	p					786:786	p < 0.001	786:794	p < 0.001	786:794	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	7	48	theme	large	1143:1147	arg1	collectors					1149:1158	large collectors	1143:1158	large collectors (2.36 ppb)	1143:1169	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	7	48	theme	large	1143:1147	arg1	ppb					1166:1168	2.36 ppb	1161:1168	2.36 ppb	1161:1168	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	6	49	from	changes	947:953	arg1	quality					963:969	milk quality	958:969	milk quality along the marketing chain	958:995	This was reflected in changes in milk quality along the marketing chain.
27929386	7	50	theme	=	1025:1025	arg1	p					1023:1023	p = 0.178	1023:1031	p = 0.178	1023:1031	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	7	50	theme	=	1025:1025	arg1	difference					1011:1020	no difference	1008:1020	no difference (p = 0.178)	1008:1032	There was no difference (p = 0.178) in concentration of aflatoxin M1 in milk collected from the farmers (2.12 ppb), small collectors (2.23 ppb), large collectors (2.36 ppb) and retailers (2.58 ppb).
27929386	5	51	theme	water	816:820	arg1	percentage					802:811	a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage	747:811	a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%)	747:922	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	4	52	theme	=	662:662	arg1	SED					658:660	SED	658:660	SED = 1.54	658:667	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	1	53	from	variation	187:195	arg1	M1					210:211	aflatoxin M1	200:211	aflatoxin M1	200:211	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	1	53	from	variation	187:195	arg1	quality					229:235	nutritional quality	217:235	nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains	217:275	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	5	54	dep	different	763:771	arg1	SED					774:776	SED = 2.38	774:783	SED = 2.38	774:783	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	4	55	from	percentage	599:608	arg1	milk					628:631	milk	628:631	milk	628:631	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	8	56	theme	high	1201:1204	arg1	levels					1206:1211	The high levels	1197:1211	The high levels	1197:1211	The high levels of contamination found in this study, which exceed the standards set by European Union (0.05 ppb) and USFDA (0.5 ppb), demand radical intervention by regulatory authorities and mass awareness of the consequences for consumer health and safety.
27929386	6	57	theme	marketing	981:989	arg1	chain					991:995	the marketing chain	977:995	the marketing chain	977:995	This was reflected in changes in milk quality along the marketing chain.
27929386	5	58	theme	different	763:771	arg1	percentage					802:811	a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage	747:811	a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%)	747:922	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	4	59	dep	lower	651:655	arg1	%					733:733	26.39%	728:733	26.39%	728:733	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	4	59	dep	lower	651:655	arg1	SED					658:660	SED	658:660	SED = 1.54	658:667	The percentage of added water in milk was significantly lower (SED = 1.54: p < 0.001) in summer (18.59%) than in the monsoon season (26.39%).
27929386	3	60	dep	=	555:555	arg1	SED					541:543	SED	541:543	SED = 0.21	541:550	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	60	dep	=	555:555	arg1	error					516:520	standard error	507:520	standard error of the difference	507:538	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	61	theme	autumn	421:426	arg1	ppb					463:465	2.60 and 2.59 ppb	449:465	2.60 and 2.59 ppb	449:465	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	61	theme	autumn	421:426	arg1	seasons					440:446	the autumn and monsoon seasons	417:446	seasons	440:446	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	3	62	dep	higher	499:504	arg1	=					555:555	=	555:555	=	555:555	The average concentrations of aflatoxin M1 during the autumn and monsoon seasons (2.60 and 2.59 ppb) were found to be significantly higher (standard error of the difference, SED = 0.21: p = 0.003) than in the summer (1.93 ppb).
27929386	1	63	theme	nutritional	217:227	arg1	quality					229:235	nutritional quality	217:235	nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains	217:275	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	5	64	theme	<	788:788	arg1	p					786:786	p < 0.001	786:794	p < 0.001	786:794	There was a significantly different (SED = 2.38: p < 0.001) mean percentage of water added by farmers (6.23%), small collectors (14.97%), large collectors (27.96%) and retailers (34.52%).
27929386	1	65	theme	present	135:141	arg1	study					143:147	The present study	131:147	The present study	131:147	The present study was conducted to observe the seasonal variation in aflatoxin M1 and nutritional quality of milk along informal marketing chains.
27929386	0	66	from	Chains	111:116	arg1	Pakistan					121:128	Pakistan	121:128	Pakistan	121:128	Higher Levels of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination and Poorer Composition of Milk Supplied by Informal Milk Marketing Chains in Pakistan.
24827141	3	0	from	zone	865:868	arg1	angiogenesis					792:803	increased angiogenesis	782:803	increased angiogenesis	782:803	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	0	from	zone	865:868	arg1	recruitment					817:827	greater recruitment	809:827	greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone	809:868	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	1	1	theme	composite	181:189	arg1	potential					150:158	The regenerative potential	133:158	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue	133:218	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	7	2	theme	endogenous	1402:1411	arg1	proliferation					1427:1439	endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation	1402:1439	endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation	1402:1439	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	2	3	theme	intramyocardial	369:383	arg1	injection					385:393	early intramyocardial injection	363:393	early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan	363:414	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	3	4	theme	infarct	857:863	arg1	zone					865:868	the infarct zone	853:868	the infarct zone	853:868	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	2	5	theme	restoration	542:552	arg1	course					525:530	a more favorable course	508:530	a more favorable course of tissue restoration	508:552	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	4	6	theme	cell	909:912	arg1	apoptosis					914:922	cell apoptosis	909:922	cell apoptosis	909:922	Furthermore, this treatment prevented cell apoptosis, induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry.
24827141	1	7	theme	cardiac	275:281	arg1	engineering					290:300	cardiac tissue engineering	275:300	cardiac tissue engineering	275:300	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	2	8	theme	tissue	535:540	arg1	restoration					542:552	tissue restoration	535:552	tissue restoration	535:552	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	5	9	theme	control-injected	996:1011	arg1	animals					1013:1019	the control-injected animals	992:1019	the control-injected animals	992:1019	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	7	10	from	efficacies	1315:1324	arg1	levels					1344:1349	various tissue levels	1329:1349	various tissue levels	1329:1349	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	3	11	theme	rat	560:562	arg1	model					564:568	a rat model	558:568	a rat model of acute MI	558:580	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	1	12	theme	tissue	283:288	arg1	engineering					290:300	cardiac tissue engineering	275:300	cardiac tissue engineering	275:300	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	5	13	theme	cardiac	972:978	arg1	function					980:987	The cardiac function	968:987	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals	968:1019	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	5	14	theme	animals	1013:1019	arg1	function					980:987	The cardiac function	968:987	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals	968:1019	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	2	15	theme	ventricular	435:445	arg1	remodeling					452:461	left ventricular (LV) remodeling	430:461	left ventricular (LV) remodeling	430:461	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	0	16	theme	myocardial	110:119	arg1	infarction					121:130	myocardial infarction	110:130	myocardial infarction	110:130	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	3	17	theme	scar	724:727	arg1	fibrosis					729:736	scar fibrosis	724:736	scar fibrosis	724:736	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	6	18	theme	alginate-chitosan	1211:1227	arg1	hydrogel					1229:1236	alginate-chitosan hydrogel	1211:1236	alginate-chitosan hydrogel	1211:1236	Intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel represents a useful strategy to treat MI.
24827141	2	19	theme	left	430:433	arg1	LV					448:449	LV	448:449	LV	448:449	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	2	19	theme	left	430:433	arg1	ventricular					435:445	left ventricular	430:445	left ventricular (LV) remodeling	430:461	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	0	20	theme	cardiac	80:86	arg1	function					88:95	cardiac function	80:95	cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction	80:130	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	1	21	from	potential	150:158	arg1	cartilage					203:211	cartilage	203:211	cartilage	203:211	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	1	21	from	potential	150:158	arg1	bone					194:197	bone	194:197	bone	194:197	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	3	22	theme	acute	573:577	arg1	MI					579:580	acute MI	573:580	acute MI	573:580	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	23	theme	MI	579:580	arg1	model					564:568	a rat model	558:568	a rat model of acute MI	558:580	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	24	theme	scar	666:669	arg1	thickness					671:679	scar thickness	666:679	scar thickness	666:679	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	0	25	theme	hydrogel	30:37	arg1	Delivery					0:7	Delivery	0:7	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel	0:37	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	5	26	theme	8-week	1043:1048	arg1	course					1050:1055	the 8-week course	1039:1055	the 8-week course	1039:1055	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	4	27	theme	cycle	952:956	arg1	re-entry					958:965	cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	933:965	cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	933:965	Furthermore, this treatment prevented cell apoptosis, induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry.
24827141	0	28	with	rats	100:103	arg1	infarction					121:130	myocardial infarction	110:130	myocardial infarction	110:130	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	6	29	theme	Intramyocardial	1182:1196	arg1	injection					1198:1206	Intramyocardial injection	1182:1206	Intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel	1182:1236	Intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel represents a useful strategy to treat MI.
24827141	0	30	theme	alginate-chitosan	12:28	arg1	hydrogel					30:37	alginate-chitosan hydrogel	12:37	alginate-chitosan hydrogel	12:37	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	4	31	theme	cell	947:950	arg1	re-entry					958:965	cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	933:965	cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	933:965	Furthermore, this treatment prevented cell apoptosis, induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry.
24827141	5	32	theme	not.In	1106:1111	arg1	addition					1113:1120	not.In addition	1106:1120	not.In addition	1106:1120	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	7	33	theme	therapeutic	1303:1313	arg1	efficacies					1315:1324	marked therapeutic efficacies	1296:1324	marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels	1296:1349	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	0	34	theme	endogenous	48:57	arg1	repair					59:64	endogenous repair	48:64	endogenous repair	48:64	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	1	35	from	utility	264:270	arg1	engineering					290:300	cardiac tissue engineering	275:300	cardiac tissue engineering	275:300	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	0	36	from	function	88:95	arg1	rats					100:103	rats	100:103	rats with myocardial infarction	100:130	Delivery of alginate-chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction.
24827141	7	37	theme	cardiac	1453:1459	arg1	cells					1466:1470	cardiac stem cells	1453:1470	cardiac stem cells	1453:1470	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	6	38	theme	useful	1251:1256	arg1	strategy					1258:1265	a useful strategy	1249:1265	a useful strategy to treat MI	1249:1277	Intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel represents a useful strategy to treat MI.
24827141	7	39	theme	extensive	1357:1365	arg1	MI					1367:1368	extensive MI	1357:1368	extensive MI	1357:1368	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	4	40	dep	prevented	899:907	arg1	induced					925:931	induced	925:931	induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	925:965	Furthermore, this treatment prevented cell apoptosis, induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry.
24827141	3	41	theme	peri-infarct	638:649	arg1	zone					651:654	the peri-infarct zone	634:654	the peri-infarct zone	634:654	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	2	42	theme	myocardial	469:478	arg1	infarction					480:489	myocardial infarction	469:489	myocardial infarction (MI)	469:494	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	2	42	theme	myocardial	469:478	arg1	MI					492:493	MI	492:493	MI	492:493	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	5	43	from	inflammation	1155:1166	arg1	heart					1175:1179	the heart	1171:1179	the heart	1171:1179	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	5	44	theme	hydrogel-injected	1076:1092	arg1	animals					1094:1100	the hydrogel-injected animals	1072:1100	the hydrogel-injected animals	1072:1100	The cardiac function of the control-injected animals deteriorated over the 8-week course, while that of the hydrogel-injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart.
24827141	1	45	dep	bone	194:197	arg1	tissue					213:218	tissue	213:218	tissue	213:218	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	2	46	theme	early	363:367	arg1	injection					385:393	early intramyocardial injection	363:393	early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan	363:414	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	3	47	theme	local	583:587	arg1	injection					589:597	local injection	583:597	local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone	583:654	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	48	theme	increased	782:790	arg1	angiogenesis					792:803	increased angiogenesis	782:803	increased angiogenesis	782:803	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	4	49	theme	cardiomyocyte	933:945	arg1	re-entry					958:965	cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	933:965	cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry	933:965	Furthermore, this treatment prevented cell apoptosis, induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry.
24827141	3	50	theme	infarct	693:699	arg1	expansion					701:709	infarct expansion	693:709	infarct expansion	693:709	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	7	51	theme	cardiomyocyte	1413:1425	arg1	proliferation					1427:1439	endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation	1402:1439	endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation	1402:1439	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	7	52	theme	stem	1461:1464	arg1	cells					1466:1470	cardiac stem cells	1453:1470	cardiac stem cells	1453:1470	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	1	53	theme	regenerative	137:148	arg1	potential					150:158	The regenerative potential	133:158	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue	133:218	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	7	54	theme	tissue	1337:1342	arg1	levels					1344:1349	various tissue levels	1329:1349	various tissue levels	1329:1349	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	3	55	theme	endogenous	832:841	arg1	repair					843:848	endogenous repair	832:848	endogenous repair	832:848	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	2	56	theme	favorable	515:523	arg1	course					525:530	a more favorable course	508:530	a more favorable course of tissue restoration	508:552	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	3	57	theme	alginate-chitosan	602:618	arg1	hydrogel					620:627	alginate-chitosan hydrogel	602:627	alginate-chitosan hydrogel	602:627	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	2	58	theme	alginate-chitosan	398:414	arg1	injection					385:393	early intramyocardial injection	363:393	early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan	363:414	This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration.
24827141	6	59	theme	hydrogel	1229:1236	arg1	injection					1198:1206	Intramyocardial injection	1182:1206	Intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel	1182:1236	Intramyocardial injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel represents a useful strategy to treat MI.
24827141	3	60	theme	greater	809:815	arg1	recruitment					817:827	greater recruitment	809:827	greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone	809:868	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	61	theme	repair	843:848	arg1	angiogenesis					792:803	increased angiogenesis	782:803	increased angiogenesis	782:803	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	61	theme	repair	843:848	arg1	recruitment					817:827	greater recruitment	809:827	greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone	809:868	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	3	62	theme	hydrogel	620:627	arg1	injection					589:597	local injection	583:597	local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone	583:654	In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate-chitosan hydrogel into the peri-infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone.
24827141	7	63	theme	various	1329:1335	arg1	levels					1344:1349	various tissue levels	1329:1349	various tissue levels	1329:1349	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	1	64	theme	alginate-chitosan	163:179	arg1	composite					181:189	alginate-chitosan composite	163:189	alginate-chitosan composite	163:189	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
24827141	7	65	theme	marked	1296:1301	arg1	efficacies					1315:1324	marked therapeutic efficacies	1296:1324	marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels	1296:1349	It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells.
24827141	1	66	theme	potential	254:262	arg1	utility					264:270	its potential utility	250:270	its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering	250:300	The regenerative potential of alginate-chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown.
28460952	4	0	from	dominating	631:640	arg1	fibres					653:658	dietary fibres	645:658	dietary fibres	645:658	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	7	1	theme	Distinctive	1163:1173	arg1	patterns					1185:1192	Distinctive monomeric patterns	1163:1192	Distinctive monomeric patterns	1163:1192	Distinctive monomeric patterns were obtained among samples.
28460952	8	2	theme	due	1240:1242	arg1	sources					1367:1373	pectin sources	1360:1373	pectin sources	1360:1373	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	2	theme	due	1240:1242	arg1	OP					1223:1224	OP	1223:1224	OP	1223:1224	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	2	theme	due	1240:1242	arg1	CBH					1235:1237	CBH	1235:1237	CBH	1235:1237	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	2	theme	due	1240:1242	arg1	SBP					1227:1229	SBP	1227:1229	SBP	1227:1229	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	9	3	theme	methodology	1659:1669	arg1	application					1632:1642	the application	1628:1642	the application of established methodology	1628:1669	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	2	4	theme	many	339:342	arg1	updates					344:350	many updates	339:350	many updates	339:350	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	5	5	theme	complete	666:673	arg1	hydrolysis					680:689	complete acid hydrolysis	666:689	complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues	666:726	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	8	6	from	abundant	1405:1412	arg1	hemicellulose					1428:1440	xylan-rich hemicellulose	1417:1440	xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively)	1417:1507	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	5	7	theme	high	808:811	arg1	HPLC					848:851	HPLC	848:851	HPLC	848:851	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	7	theme	high	808:811	arg1	chromatography					832:845	high performance liquid chromatography	808:845	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	808:852	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	8	8	theme	galacturonic	1256:1267	arg1	content					1274:1280	the high galacturonic acid content	1247:1280	the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively)	1247:1338	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	5	9	theme	liquid	825:830	arg1	HPLC					848:851	HPLC	848:851	HPLC	848:851	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	9	theme	liquid	825:830	arg1	chromatography					832:845	high performance liquid chromatography	808:845	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	808:852	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	8	10	theme	total	1443:1447	arg1	%					1468:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	10	theme	total	1443:1447	arg1	%					1475:1475	9.63%	1471:1475	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	11	theme	dry	1308:1310	arg1	basis					1319:1323	dry matter basis	1308:1323	dry matter basis	1308:1323	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	12	theme	content	1455:1461	arg1	%					1468:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	12	theme	content	1455:1461	arg1	%					1475:1475	9.63%	1471:1475	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	2	13	theme	compositional	274:286	arg1	data					288:291	compositional data	274:291	compositional data	274:291	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	1	14	theme	agro-industrial	149:163	arg1	wastes					165:170	various agro-industrial wastes	141:170	various agro-industrial wastes	141:170	Re-utilization of various agro-industrial wastes is of growing importance from many aspects.
28460952	4	15	theme	dietary	645:651	arg1	fibres					653:658	dietary fibres	645:658	dietary fibres	645:658	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	2	16	theme	materials	263:271	arg1	methodology					307:317	compliant methodology	297:317	compliant methodology	297:317	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	2	16	theme	materials	263:271	arg1	data					288:291	compositional data	274:291	compositional data	274:291	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	2	16	theme	materials	263:271	arg1	complexity					244:253	complexity	244:253	complexity	244:253	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	2	16	theme	materials	263:271	arg1	materials					263:271	such materials	258:271	such materials	258:271	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	2	16	theme	materials	263:271	arg1	variety					232:238	variety	232:238	variety	232:238	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	8	17	from	hemicellulose	1428:1440	arg1	abundant					1405:1412	abundant	1405:1412	abundant	1405:1412	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	5	18	theme	pre-column	903:912	arg1	PMP-derivatization					930:947	PMP-derivatization	930:947	PMP-derivatization	930:947	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	18	theme	pre-column	903:912	arg1	derivatization					914:927	3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization	867:927	3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization)	867:948	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	6	19	theme	good	1030:1033	arg1	features					1047:1054	good qualitative features	1030:1054	good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis	1030:1093	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	SBP					411:413	SBP	411:413	SBP	411:413	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	20	theme	sugar	394:398	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	8	21	theme	dry	1477:1479	arg1	basis					1488:1492	dry matter basis	1477:1492	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	9	22	theme	compositional	1550:1562	arg1	data					1564:1567	new and valuable compositional data	1533:1567	new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials	1533:1606	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	5	23	theme	sample	694:699	arg1	residues					719:726	sample alcohol insoluble residues	694:726	sample alcohol insoluble residues	694:726	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	24	theme	composition	987:997	arg1	determination					999:1011	carbohydrate monomeric composition determination	964:1011	carbohydrate monomeric composition determination	964:1011	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	0	25	theme	carbohydrates	108:120	arg1	recovery					88:95	the recovery	84:95	the recovery of complex carbohydrates	84:120	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial wastes as valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates.
28460952	5	26	used	used	955:958	arg2	procedures					739:748	developed procedures	729:748	developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization)	729:948	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	0	27	theme	Compositional	0:12	arg1	evaluation					14:23	Compositional evaluation	0:23	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial	0:51	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial wastes as valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates.
28460952	8	28	dep	%	1288:1288	arg1	basis					1319:1323	dry matter basis	1308:1323	dry matter basis	1308:1323	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	6	29	theme	HPLC	1102:1105	arg1	separation					1116:1125	HPLC superior separation	1102:1125	HPLC superior separation	1102:1125	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	8	30	dep	content	1274:1280	arg1	%					1288:1288	20.81%	1283:1288	20.81%	1283:1288	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	30	dep	content	1274:1280	arg1	%					1296:1296	13.96%	1291:1296	13.96%	1291:1296	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	30	dep	content	1274:1280	arg1	%					1306:1306	6.90%	1302:1306	6.90%	1302:1306	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	PP					489:490	PP	489:490	PP	489:490	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	31	theme	pea	479:481	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	5	32	theme	carbohydrate	964:975	arg1	determination					999:1011	carbohydrate monomeric composition determination	964:1011	carbohydrate monomeric composition determination	964:1011	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	33	theme	bean	442:445	arg1	CBH					453:455	CBH	453:455	CBH	453:455	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	0	34	theme	agro-industrial	37:51	arg1	evaluation					14:23	Compositional evaluation	0:23	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial	0:51	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial wastes as valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates.
28460952	5	35	theme	high	753:756	arg1	HPTLC					797:801	HPTLC	797:801	HPTLC	797:801	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	35	theme	high	753:756	arg1	chromatography					781:794	high performance thin-layer chromatography	753:794	high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)	753:802	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	6	36	theme	rapid	1080:1084	arg1	analysis					1086:1093	multi-sample rapid analysis	1067:1093	multi-sample rapid analysis	1067:1093	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	OP					471:472	OP	471:472	OP	471:472	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	37	theme	onion	459:463	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	5	38	theme	thin-layer	770:779	arg1	HPTLC					797:801	HPTLC	797:801	HPTLC	797:801	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	38	theme	thin-layer	770:779	arg1	chromatography					781:794	high performance thin-layer chromatography	753:794	high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)	753:802	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	9	39	theme	plant	1583:1587	arg1	materials					1598:1606	different plant residual materials	1573:1606	different plant residual materials	1573:1606	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	8	40	theme	abundant	1405:1412	arg1	materials					1395:1403	materials	1395:1403	materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively)	1395:1507	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	41	theme	xylan-rich	1417:1426	arg1	hemicellulose					1428:1440	xylan-rich hemicellulose	1417:1440	xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively)	1417:1507	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	0	42	theme	valuable	63:70	arg1	sources					72:78	valuable sources	63:78	valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates	63:120	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial wastes as valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates.
28460952	4	43	from	fibres	653:658	arg1	fraction					600:607	carbohydrate fraction	587:607	carbohydrate fraction	587:607	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	4	43	from	fibres	653:658	arg1	dominating					631:640	dominating	631:640	dominating	631:640	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	7	44	theme	monomeric	1175:1183	arg1	patterns					1185:1192	Distinctive monomeric patterns	1163:1192	Distinctive monomeric patterns	1163:1192	Distinctive monomeric patterns were obtained among samples.
28460952	8	45	dep	%	1475:1475	arg1	basis					1488:1492	dry matter basis	1477:1492	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	2	46	theme	compliant	297:305	arg1	methodology					307:317	compliant methodology	297:317	compliant methodology	297:317	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	5	47	theme	chromatography	832:845	arg1	procedures					739:748	developed procedures	729:748	developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization)	729:948	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	9	48	theme	established	1647:1657	arg1	methodology					1659:1669	established methodology	1647:1669	established methodology	1647:1669	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	1	49	theme	many	202:205	arg1	aspects					207:213	many aspects	202:213	many aspects	202:213	Re-utilization of various agro-industrial wastes is of growing importance from many aspects.
28460952	3	50	theme	valuable	508:515	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	50	theme	valuable	508:515	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	50	theme	valuable	508:515	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	50	theme	valuable	508:515	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	50	theme	valuable	508:515	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	50	theme	valuable	508:515	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	4	51	theme	carbohydrate	587:598	arg1	fraction					600:607	carbohydrate fraction	587:607	carbohydrate fraction	587:607	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	4	51	theme	carbohydrate	587:598	arg1	dominating					631:640	dominating	631:640	dominating	631:640	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	5	52	theme	acid	675:678	arg1	hydrolysis					680:689	complete acid hydrolysis	666:689	complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues	666:726	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	3	53	theme	carbohydrate	531:542	arg1	recovery					544:551	carbohydrate recovery	531:551	carbohydrate recovery	531:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	5	54	theme	performance	813:823	arg1	HPLC					848:851	HPLC	848:851	HPLC	848:851	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	54	theme	performance	813:823	arg1	chromatography					832:845	high performance liquid chromatography	808:845	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	808:852	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	8	55	theme	high	1251:1254	arg1	content					1274:1280	the high galacturonic acid content	1247:1280	the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively)	1247:1338	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	56	theme	xylan	1449:1453	arg1	%					1468:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	56	theme	xylan	1449:1453	arg1	%					1475:1475	9.63%	1471:1475	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	57	theme	acid	1269:1272	arg1	content					1274:1280	the high galacturonic acid content	1247:1280	the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively)	1247:1338	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	1	58	theme	various	141:147	arg1	wastes					165:170	various agro-industrial wastes	141:170	various agro-industrial wastes	141:170	Re-utilization of various agro-industrial wastes is of growing importance from many aspects.
28460952	6	59	theme	multi-sample	1067:1078	arg1	analysis					1086:1093	multi-sample rapid analysis	1067:1093	multi-sample rapid analysis	1067:1093	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	8	60	theme	matter	1312:1317	arg1	basis					1319:1323	dry matter basis	1308:1323	dry matter basis	1308:1323	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	5	61	theme	residues	719:726	arg1	hydrolysis					680:689	complete acid hydrolysis	666:689	complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues	666:726	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	1	62	theme	wastes	165:170	arg1	Re-utilization					123:136	Re-utilization	123:136	Re-utilization of various agro-industrial wastes	123:170	Re-utilization of various agro-industrial wastes is of growing importance from many aspects.
28460952	6	63	theme	useful	1056:1061	arg1	features					1047:1054	good qualitative features	1030:1054	good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis	1030:1093	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	3	64	theme	Present	370:376	arg1	study					378:382	Present study	370:382	Present study	370:382	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	5	65	theme	developed	729:737	arg1	procedures					739:748	developed procedures	729:748	developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization)	729:948	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	66	theme	3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one	867:901	arg1	PMP-derivatization					930:947	PMP-derivatization	930:947	PMP-derivatization	930:947	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	66	theme	3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one	867:901	arg1	derivatization					914:927	3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization	867:927	3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization)	867:948	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	6	67	theme	qualitative	1035:1045	arg1	features					1047:1054	good qualitative features	1030:1054	good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis	1030:1093	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	8	68	theme	matter	1481:1486	arg1	basis					1488:1492	dry matter basis	1477:1492	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	0	69	theme	complex	100:106	arg1	carbohydrates					108:120	complex carbohydrates	100:120	complex carbohydrates	100:120	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial wastes as valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates.
28460952	5	70	theme	monomeric	977:985	arg1	determination					999:1011	carbohydrate monomeric composition determination	964:1011	carbohydrate monomeric composition determination	964:1011	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	SBP					411:413	SBP	411:413	SBP	411:413	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	71	theme	beet	400:403	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	9	72	theme	Present	1510:1516	arg1	study					1518:1522	Present study	1510:1522	Present study	1510:1522	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	5	73	theme	alcohol	701:707	arg1	residues					719:726	sample alcohol insoluble residues	694:726	sample alcohol insoluble residues	694:726	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	74	theme	cocoa	436:440	arg1	CBH					453:455	CBH	453:455	CBH	453:455	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	5	75	theme	chromatography	781:794	arg1	procedures					739:748	developed procedures	729:748	developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization)	729:948	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	9	76	theme	new	1533:1535	arg1	data					1564:1567	new and valuable compositional data	1533:1567	new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials	1533:1606	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	6	77	theme	superior	1107:1114	arg1	separation					1116:1125	HPLC superior separation	1102:1125	HPLC superior separation	1102:1125	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	8	78	theme	pectin	1360:1365	arg1	sources					1367:1373	pectin sources	1360:1373	pectin sources	1360:1373	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	78	theme	pectin	1360:1365	arg1	OP					1223:1224	OP	1223:1224	OP	1223:1224	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	78	theme	pectin	1360:1365	arg1	CBH					1235:1237	CBH	1235:1237	CBH	1235:1237	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	78	theme	pectin	1360:1365	arg1	SBP					1227:1229	SBP	1227:1229	SBP	1227:1229	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	0	79	theme	selected	28:35	arg1	agro-industrial					37:51	selected agro-industrial	28:51	selected agro-industrial	28:51	Compositional evaluation of selected agro-industrial wastes as valuable sources for the recovery of complex carbohydrates.
28460952	9	80	theme	valuable	1541:1548	arg1	data					1564:1567	new and valuable compositional data	1533:1567	new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials	1533:1606	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	2	81	theme	such	258:261	arg1	materials					263:271	such materials	258:271	such materials	258:271	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28460952	6	82	dep	separation	1116:1125	arg1	characteristics					1146:1160	characteristics	1146:1160	characteristics	1146:1160	HPTLC exhibited good qualitative features useful for multi-sample rapid analysis, while HPLC superior separation and quantification characteristics.
28460952	5	83	theme	insoluble	709:717	arg1	residues					719:726	sample alcohol insoluble residues	694:726	sample alcohol insoluble residues	694:726	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	84	theme	performance	758:768	arg1	HPTLC					797:801	HPTLC	797:801	HPTLC	797:801	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	5	84	theme	performance	758:768	arg1	chromatography					781:794	high performance thin-layer chromatography	753:794	high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)	753:802	Upon complete acid hydrolysis of sample alcohol insoluble residues, developed procedures of high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one pre-column derivatization (PMP-derivatization) were used for carbohydrate monomeric composition determination.
28460952	9	85	theme	different	1573:1581	arg1	materials					1598:1606	different plant residual materials	1573:1606	different plant residual materials	1573:1606	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	WS					431:432	WS	431:432	WS	431:432	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	peel					465:468	onion peel	459:468	onion peel (OP)	459:473	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	shell					424:428	walnut shell	417:428	walnut shell (WS)	417:433	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	pods					483:486	pea pods	479:486	pea pods (PP)	479:491	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	husk					447:450	cocoa bean husk	436:450	cocoa bean husk (CBH)	436:456	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	materials					517:525	potentially valuable materials	496:525	potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery	496:551	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	3	86	theme	walnut	417:422	arg1	pulp					405:408	sugar beet pulp	394:408	sugar beet pulp (SBP)	394:414	Present study evaluated sugar beet pulp (SBP), walnut shell (WS), cocoa bean husk (CBH), onion peel (OP) and pea pods (PP) as potentially valuable materials for carbohydrate recovery.
28460952	8	87	dep	hemicellulose	1428:1440	arg1	%					1468:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	total xylan content 15.53%	1443:1468	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	8	87	dep	hemicellulose	1428:1440	arg1	%					1475:1475	9.63%	1471:1475	9.63% dry matter basis	1471:1492	OP, SBP and CBH, due to the high galacturonic acid content (20.81%, 13.96% and 6.90% dry matter basis, respectively), may be regarded as pectin sources, while WS and PP as materials abundant in xylan-rich hemicellulose (total xylan content 15.53%, 9.63% dry matter basis, respectively).
28460952	9	88	theme	residual	1589:1596	arg1	materials					1598:1606	different plant residual materials	1573:1606	different plant residual materials	1573:1606	Present study provides new and valuable compositional data for different plant residual materials and a reference for the application of established methodology.
28460952	4	89	theme	Macrocomponent	554:567	arg1	analyses					569:576	Macrocomponent analyses	554:576	Macrocomponent analyses	554:576	Macrocomponent analyses revealed carbohydrate fraction as the most abundant, dominating in dietary fibres.
28460952	2	90	dep	variety	232:238	arg1	the					228:230	the	228:230	the	228:230	Considering the variety and complexity of such materials, compositional data and compliant methodology is still undergoing many updates and improvements.
28166818	7	0	theme	acids	1244:1248	arg1	concentrations					1213:1226	cecal concentrations	1207:1226	cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1207:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	7	1	theme	gene	1142:1145	arg1	expression					1147:1156	gene expression	1142:1156	gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers	1142:1193	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	7	2	theme	physiological	1433:1445	arg1	effects					1447:1453	the physiological effects	1429:1453	the physiological effects of RS	1429:1459	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	8	3	from	alterations	1649:1659	arg1	cycle					1678:1682	the bile acid cycle	1664:1682	the bile acid cycle	1664:1682	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	8	3	from	alterations	1649:1659	arg1	tissue					1696:1701	adipose tissue	1688:1701	adipose tissue	1688:1701	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	8	4	theme	adipose	1688:1694	arg1	tissue					1696:1701	adipose tissue	1688:1701	adipose tissue	1688:1701	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	8	5	theme	insulin	1577:1583	arg1	levels					1585:1590	insulin levels	1577:1590	insulin levels	1577:1590	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	2	6	from	sensitivity	350:360	arg1	trials					374:379	clinical trials	365:379	clinical trials	365:379	Resistant starches (RS) improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying this health benefit remain poorly understood.
28166818	7	7	theme	conventionalized	1272:1287	arg1	mice					1289:1292	both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1253:1292	mice	1289:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	6	8	theme	germ-free	1006:1014	arg1	littermates					1016:1026	germ-free littermates	1006:1026	germ-free littermates	1006:1026	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	7	9	theme	several	1231:1237	arg1	acids					1244:1248	several bile acids	1231:1248	several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1231:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	6	10	from	improvements	1054:1065	arg1	levels					1078:1083	insulin levels	1070:1083	insulin levels	1070:1083	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	7	11	theme	metabolic	1343:1351	arg1	benefits					1353:1360	the metabolic benefits	1339:1360	the metabolic benefits	1339:1360	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	8	12	theme	immune	1703:1708	arg1	modulation					1710:1719	immune modulation	1703:1719	immune modulation	1703:1719	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	7	13	theme	bile	1239:1242	arg1	acids					1244:1248	several bile acids	1231:1248	several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1231:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	8	14	dep	cycle	1678:1682	arg1	modulation					1710:1719	immune modulation	1703:1719	immune modulation	1703:1719	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	7	15	from	mice	1289:1292	arg1	concentrations					1213:1226	cecal concentrations	1207:1226	cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1207:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	2	16	theme	Resistant	310:318	arg1	RS					330:331	RS	330:331	RS	330:331	Resistant starches (RS) improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying this health benefit remain poorly understood.
28166818	2	16	theme	Resistant	310:318	arg1	starches					320:327	Resistant starches	310:327	Resistant starches (RS)	310:332	Resistant starches (RS) improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying this health benefit remain poorly understood.
28166818	4	17	theme	RS	728:729	arg1	effects					717:723	the effects	713:723	the effects of RS when added to a Western diet on host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota	713:815	To achieve this goal, we determined the effects of RS when added to a Western diet on host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota.
28166818	5	18	theme	RS	826:827	arg1	feeding					829:835	RS feeding	826:835	RS feeding of conventionalized mice	826:860	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	2	19	theme	health	417:422	arg1	benefit					424:430	this health benefit	412:430	this health benefit	412:430	Resistant starches (RS) improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying this health benefit remain poorly understood.
28166818	9	20	theme	foods	1912:1916	arg1	benefits					1865:1872	the benefits	1861:1872	the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods	1861:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	9	21	theme	functional	1901:1910	arg1	foods					1912:1916	functional foods	1901:1916	functional foods	1901:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	6	22	from	experiments	991:1001	arg1	littermates					1016:1026	germ-free littermates	1006:1026	germ-free littermates	1006:1026	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	4	23	theme	host	763:766	arg1	metabolism					768:777	host metabolism	763:777	host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota	763:815	To achieve this goal, we determined the effects of RS when added to a Western diet on host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota.
28166818	5	24	theme	mice	857:860	arg1	feeding					829:835	RS feeding	826:835	RS feeding of conventionalized mice	826:860	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	9	25	theme	causative	1811:1819	arg1	role					1821:1824	the causative role	1807:1824	the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods	1807:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	1	26	theme	BACKGROUND	86:95	arg1	disease					168:174	cardiovascular disease	153:174	cardiovascular disease	153:174	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	1	26	theme	BACKGROUND	86:95	arg1	diabetes					140:147	type 2 diabetes	133:147	type 2 diabetes	133:147	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	1	26	theme	BACKGROUND	86:95	arg1	diseases					113:120	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases	86:120	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases	86:120	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	1	27	theme	epidemic	190:197	arg1	proportions					199:209	epidemic proportions	190:209	epidemic proportions in industrialized nations	190:235	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	0	28	theme	Resistant	0:8	arg1	starch					10:15	Resistant starch	0:15	Resistant starch	0:15	Resistant starch can improve insulin sensitivity independently of the gut microbiota.
28166818	6	29	theme	parallel	982:989	arg1	experiments					991:1001	parallel experiments	982:1001	parallel experiments in germ-free littermates	982:1026	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	5	30	theme	conventionalized	840:855	arg1	mice					857:860	conventionalized mice	840:860	conventionalized mice	840:860	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	1	31	theme	Obesity-related	97:111	arg1	disease					168:174	cardiovascular disease	153:174	cardiovascular disease	153:174	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	1	31	theme	Obesity-related	97:111	arg1	diabetes					140:147	type 2 diabetes	133:147	type 2 diabetes	133:147	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	1	31	theme	Obesity-related	97:111	arg1	diseases					113:120	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases	86:120	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases	86:120	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	9	32	theme	compounds	1887:1895	arg1	benefits					1865:1872	the benefits	1861:1872	the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods	1861:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	5	33	theme	insulin	871:877	arg1	sensitivity					879:889	insulin sensitivity	871:889	insulin sensitivity	871:889	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	7	34	theme	markers	1187:1193	arg1	expression					1147:1156	gene expression	1142:1156	gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers	1142:1193	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	7	35	theme	potential	1375:1383	arg1	mechanism					1408:1416	a potential microbiota-independent mechanism	1373:1416	a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS	1373:1459	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	9	36	theme	microbiota	1837:1846	arg1	role					1821:1824	the causative role	1807:1824	the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods	1807:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	5	37	theme	diet-induced	925:936	arg1	changes					938:944	the Western diet-induced changes	913:944	the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition	913:970	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	4	38	theme	Western	747:753	arg1	diet					755:758	a Western diet	745:758	a Western diet	745:758	To achieve this goal, we determined the effects of RS when added to a Western diet on host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota.
28166818	4	39	from	metabolism	768:777	arg1	mice					782:785	mice	782:785	mice with and without a microbiota	782:815	To achieve this goal, we determined the effects of RS when added to a Western diet on host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota.
28166818	3	40	theme	gut	489:491	arg1	microbiota					493:502	the gut microbiota	485:502	the gut microbiota	485:502	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	9	41	theme	bioactive	1877:1885	arg1	compounds					1887:1895	bioactive compounds	1877:1895	bioactive compounds	1877:1895	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	9	42	theme	future	1758:1763	arg1	studies					1777:1783	future mechanistic studies	1758:1783	future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods	1758:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	3	43	theme	RS	673:674	arg1	benefits					661:668	the metabolic benefits	647:668	the metabolic benefits of RS	647:674	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	7	44	theme	RS	1458:1459	arg1	effects					1447:1453	the physiological effects	1429:1453	the physiological effects of RS	1429:1459	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	1	45	theme	industrialized	214:227	arg1	nations					229:235	industrialized nations	214:235	industrialized nations	214:235	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	7	46	theme	tissue	1169:1174	arg1	markers					1187:1193	adipose tissue macrophage markers	1161:1193	adipose tissue macrophage markers	1161:1193	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	8	47	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1462:1472	arg1	demonstrated					1485:1496	demonstrated	1485:1496	demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation	1485:1719	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	9	48	theme	mechanistic	1765:1775	arg1	studies					1777:1783	future mechanistic studies	1758:1783	future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods	1758:1916	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	7	49	theme	cecal	1207:1211	arg1	concentrations					1213:1226	cecal concentrations	1207:1226	cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1207:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	3	50	theme	gut	619:621	arg1	microbiota					623:632	the gut microbiota	615:632	the gut microbiota	615:632	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	6	51	theme	insulin	1070:1076	arg1	levels					1078:1083	insulin levels	1070:1083	insulin levels	1070:1083	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	0	52	theme	insulin	29:35	arg1	sensitivity					37:47	insulin sensitivity	29:47	insulin sensitivity	29:47	Resistant starch can improve insulin sensitivity independently of the gut microbiota.
28166818	7	53	theme	macrophage	1176:1185	arg1	markers					1187:1193	adipose tissue macrophage markers	1161:1193	adipose tissue macrophage markers	1161:1193	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	3	54	theme	microbiota	623:632	arg1	role					607:610	the role	603:610	the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS	603:674	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	8	55	theme	dietary	1538:1544	arg1	RS					1546:1547	dietary RS	1538:1547	dietary RS	1538:1547	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	9	56	theme	gut	1833:1835	arg1	microbiota					1837:1846	the gut microbiota	1829:1846	the gut microbiota	1829:1846	This work also sets a precedent for future mechanistic studies aimed at establishing the causative role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of bioactive compounds and functional foods.
28166818	3	57	theme	RS	466:467	arg1	fermentation					469:480	RS fermentation	466:480	RS fermentation by the gut microbiota	466:502	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	2	58	theme	clinical	365:372	arg1	trials					374:379	clinical trials	365:379	clinical trials	365:379	Resistant starches (RS) improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying this health benefit remain poorly understood.
28166818	7	59	theme	adipose	1161:1167	arg1	markers					1187:1193	adipose tissue macrophage markers	1161:1193	adipose tissue macrophage markers	1161:1193	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	7	60	from	acids	1244:1248	arg1	mice					1289:1292	both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1253:1292	mice	1289:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	1	61	theme	cardiovascular	153:166	arg1	disease					168:174	cardiovascular disease	153:174	cardiovascular disease	153:174	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	1	62	theme	type	133:136	arg1	diabetes					140:147	type 2 diabetes	133:147	type 2 diabetes	133:147	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	6	63	theme	RS-mediated	1042:1052	arg1	improvements					1054:1065	RS-mediated improvements	1042:1065	RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels	1042:1083	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	5	64	theme	Western	917:923	arg1	changes					938:944	the Western diet-induced changes	913:944	the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition	913:970	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	5	65	theme	microbiome	949:958	arg1	composition					960:970	microbiome composition	949:970	microbiome composition	949:970	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	8	66	theme	bile	1668:1671	arg1	cycle					1678:1682	the bile acid cycle	1664:1682	the bile acid cycle	1664:1682	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	8	67	theme	metabolic	1508:1516	arg1	benefits					1518:1525	some metabolic benefits	1503:1525	some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS	1503:1547	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	8	67	theme	metabolic	1508:1516	arg1	improvements					1561:1572	improvements	1561:1572	improvements in insulin levels	1561:1590	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	3	68	theme	metabolic	651:659	arg1	benefits					661:668	the metabolic benefits	647:668	the metabolic benefits of RS	647:674	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	8	69	from	improvements	1561:1572	arg1	levels					1585:1590	insulin levels	1577:1590	insulin levels	1577:1590	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
28166818	2	70	theme	insulin	342:348	arg1	sensitivity					350:360	insulin sensitivity	342:360	insulin sensitivity in clinical trials	342:379	Resistant starches (RS) improve insulin sensitivity in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying this health benefit remain poorly understood.
28166818	5	71	from	changes	938:944	arg1	composition					960:970	microbiome composition	949:970	microbiome composition	949:970	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	1	72	theme	dietary	242:248	arg1	interventions					250:262	dietary interventions	242:262	dietary interventions for their prevention	242:283	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	0	73	theme	gut	70:72	arg1	microbiota					74:83	the gut microbiota	66:83	the gut microbiota	66:83	Resistant starch can improve insulin sensitivity independently of the gut microbiota.
28166818	6	74	theme	microbiota	1119:1128	arg1	absence					1106:1112	the absence	1102:1112	the absence of a microbiota	1102:1128	However, parallel experiments in germ-free littermates revealed that RS-mediated improvements in insulin levels also occurred in the absence of a microbiota.
28166818	5	75	dep	RESULTS	818:824	arg1	redressed					895:903	redressed	895:903	redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition	895:970	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	5	75	dep	RESULTS	818:824	arg1	improved					862:869	improved	862:869	improved insulin sensitivity	862:889	RESULTS RS feeding of conventionalized mice improved insulin sensitivity and redressed some of the Western diet-induced changes in microbiome composition.
28166818	1	76	from	proportions	199:209	arg1	nations					229:235	industrialized nations	214:235	industrialized nations	214:235	BACKGROUND Obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, have reached epidemic proportions in industrialized nations, and dietary interventions for their prevention are therefore important.
28166818	3	77	theme	active	548:553	arg1	metabolites					555:565	physiologically active metabolites	532:565	physiologically active metabolites	532:565	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	4	78	from	effects	717:723	arg1	metabolism					768:777	host metabolism	763:777	host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota	763:815	To achieve this goal, we determined the effects of RS when added to a Western diet on host metabolism in mice with and without a microbiota.
28166818	7	79	theme	germ-free	1258:1266	arg1	mice					1289:1292	both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1253:1292	mice	1289:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	7	80	theme	microbiota-independent	1385:1406	arg1	mechanism					1408:1416	a potential microbiota-independent mechanism	1373:1416	a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS	1373:1459	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	7	81	from	concentrations	1213:1226	arg1	mice					1289:1292	both germ-free and conventionalized mice	1253:1292	mice	1289:1292	RS reduced gene expression of adipose tissue macrophage markers and altered cecal concentrations of several bile acids in both germ-free and conventionalized mice; these effects were strongly correlated with the metabolic benefits, providing a potential microbiota-independent mechanism to explain the physiological effects of RS.
28166818	3	82	theme	metabolites	555:565	arg1	formation					519:527	the formation	515:527	the formation of physiologically active metabolites	515:565	Because RS fermentation by the gut microbiota results in the formation of physiologically active metabolites, we chose to specifically determine the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of RS.
28166818	8	83	theme	acid	1673:1676	arg1	cycle					1678:1682	the bile acid cycle	1664:1682	the bile acid cycle	1664:1682	CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that some metabolic benefits exerted by dietary RS, especially improvements in insulin levels, occur independently of the microbiota and could involve alterations in the bile acid cycle and adipose tissue immune modulation.
27932259	6	0	theme	Gravimetric	1025:1035	arg1	Analyzer					1037:1044	Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer	1017:1044	Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer	1017:1044	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
27932259	3	1	from	temperatures	483:494	arg1	40-60min					466:473	40-60min	466:473	40-60min at high temperatures	466:494	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	2	2	theme	lipase	409:414	arg1	properties					395:404	the stability properties	381:404	the stability properties of lipase	381:414	Results showed that nanofibers (especially polyvinyl alcohol/alginate) enhanced the stability properties of lipase.
27932259	0	3	theme	electrospun	76:86	arg1	nanofibers					88:97	composite electrospun nanofibers	66:97	composite electrospun nanofibers	66:97	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate based composite electrospun nanofibers with effective and enhanced stability.
27932259	6	4	theme	Thermal	1017:1023	arg1	Analyzer					1037:1044	Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer	1017:1044	Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer	1017:1044	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
27932259	7	5	theme	nanofiber	1065:1073	arg1	electrospinning					1094:1108	electrospinning	1094:1108	electrospinning	1094:1108	As a result, this nanofiber production method, electrospinning, is simple, versatile and economical for preparing appropriate carrier to immobilize the enzymes.
27932259	7	5	theme	nanofiber	1065:1073	arg1	method					1086:1091	this nanofiber production method	1060:1091	this nanofiber production method	1060:1091	As a result, this nanofiber production method, electrospinning, is simple, versatile and economical for preparing appropriate carrier to immobilize the enzymes.
27932259	2	6	dep	nanofibers	321:330	arg1	alcohol/alginate					354:369	polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	344:369	especially polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	333:369	Results showed that nanofibers (especially polyvinyl alcohol/alginate) enhanced the stability properties of lipase.
27932259	0	7	theme	effective	104:112	arg1	stability					127:135	effective and enhanced stability	104:135	effective and enhanced stability	104:135	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate based composite electrospun nanofibers with effective and enhanced stability.
27932259	7	8	theme	production	1075:1084	arg1	electrospinning					1094:1108	electrospinning	1094:1108	electrospinning	1094:1108	As a result, this nanofiber production method, electrospinning, is simple, versatile and economical for preparing appropriate carrier to immobilize the enzymes.
27932259	7	8	theme	production	1075:1084	arg1	method					1086:1091	this nanofiber production method	1060:1091	this nanofiber production method	1060:1091	As a result, this nanofiber production method, electrospinning, is simple, versatile and economical for preparing appropriate carrier to immobilize the enzymes.
27932259	4	9	theme	oxide/alginate	646:659	arg1	nanofibers					661:670	polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	633:670	polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	633:670	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers protected approximately all of their activities until pH 9.
27932259	5	10	theme	Lipase	732:737	arg1	alcohol/alginate					761:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	732:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	732:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	4	11	theme	polyethylene	633:644	arg1	nanofibers					661:670	polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	633:670	polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	633:670	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers protected approximately all of their activities until pH 9.
27932259	0	12	theme	enhanced	118:125	arg1	stability					127:135	effective and enhanced stability	104:135	effective and enhanced stability	104:135	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate based composite electrospun nanofibers with effective and enhanced stability.
27932259	6	13	theme	Infrared	991:998	arg1	Spectroscopy					1000:1011	Infrared Spectroscopy	991:1011	Infrared Spectroscopy	991:1011	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
27932259	3	14	theme	same	567:570	arg1	time					572:575	the same time	563:575	the same time	563:575	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	3	15	theme	high	478:481	arg1	temperatures					483:494	high temperatures	478:494	high temperatures	478:494	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	0	16	theme	comparative	2:12	arg1	study					14:18	A comparative study	0:18	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate	0:58	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate based composite electrospun nanofibers with effective and enhanced stability.
27932259	5	17	theme	activities	845:854	arg1	%					834:834	60%	832:834	60% of their activities	832:854	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	5	17	theme	activities	845:854	arg1	activities					845:854	their activities	839:854	their activities	839:854	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	3	18	dep	%	549:549	arg1	65-70					544:548	65-70	544:548	65-70	544:548	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	4	19	theme	immobilized	589:599	arg1	alcohol/alginate					612:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers protected approximately all of their activities until pH 9.
27932259	3	20	dep	activity	551:558	arg1	%					549:549	%	549:549	%	549:549	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	1	21	theme	polyvinyl	192:200	arg1	alcohol/alginate					202:217	polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	192:260	alcohol/alginate	202:217	In this study, lipase was successfully immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers that were prepared by electrospinning.
27932259	4	22	theme	lipase	582:587	arg1	alcohol/alginate					612:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers protected approximately all of their activities until pH 9.
27932259	5	23	theme	polyethylene	782:793	arg1	oxide/alginate					795:808	polyethylene oxide/alginate	782:808	polyethylene oxide/alginate	782:808	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	2	24	theme	polyvinyl	344:352	arg1	alcohol/alginate					354:369	polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	344:369	especially polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	333:369	Results showed that nanofibers (especially polyvinyl alcohol/alginate) enhanced the stability properties of lipase.
27932259	3	25	theme	lipase	502:507	arg1	nanofibers					521:530	both lipase immobilized nanofibers	497:530	both lipase immobilized nanofibers	497:530	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	3	26	theme	free	426:429	arg1	lipase					431:436	the free lipase	422:436	the free lipase	422:436	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	4	27	theme	vinyl	606:610	arg1	alcohol/alginate					612:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers protected approximately all of their activities until pH 9.
27932259	5	28	theme	oxide/alginate	795:808	arg1	nanofibers					810:819	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	732:819	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	732:819	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	3	29	theme	immobilized	509:519	arg1	nanofibers					521:530	both lipase immobilized nanofibers	497:530	both lipase immobilized nanofibers	497:530	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	4	30	theme	poly	601:604	arg1	alcohol/alginate					612:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate	578:627	The lipase immobilized poly vinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers protected approximately all of their activities until pH 9.
27932259	7	31	theme	appropriate	1161:1171	arg1	carrier					1173:1179	appropriate carrier	1161:1179	appropriate carrier	1161:1179	As a result, this nanofiber production method, electrospinning, is simple, versatile and economical for preparing appropriate carrier to immobilize the enzymes.
27932259	1	32	theme	polyethylene	223:234	arg1	nanofibers					251:260	polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	192:260	nanofibers	251:260	In this study, lipase was successfully immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers that were prepared by electrospinning.
27932259	0	33	theme	lipase	24:29	arg1	immobilization					31:44	lipase immobilization	24:44	lipase immobilization onto alginate	24:58	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate based composite electrospun nanofibers with effective and enhanced stability.
27932259	6	34	theme	Electron	952:959	arg1	Microscope					961:970	Scanning Electron Microscope	943:970	Scanning Electron Microscope	943:970	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
27932259	1	35	theme	oxide/alginate	236:249	arg1	nanofibers					251:260	polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	192:260	nanofibers	251:260	In this study, lipase was successfully immobilized on polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers that were prepared by electrospinning.
27932259	5	36	theme	immobilized	739:749	arg1	alcohol/alginate					761:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	732:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	732:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	6	37	theme	Scanning	943:950	arg1	Microscope					961:970	Scanning Electron Microscope	943:970	Scanning Electron Microscope	943:970	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
27932259	3	38	theme	all	447:449	arg1	activity					451:458	its all activity	443:458	its all activity	443:458	When the free lipase lost its all activity after 40-60min at high temperatures, both lipase immobilized nanofibers kept almost 65-70% activity at the same time.
27932259	5	39	theme	polyvinyl	751:759	arg1	alcohol/alginate					761:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	732:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate	732:776	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	2	40	theme	stability	385:393	arg1	properties					395:404	the stability properties	381:404	the stability properties of lipase	381:414	Results showed that nanofibers (especially polyvinyl alcohol/alginate) enhanced the stability properties of lipase.
27932259	5	41	theme	alcohol/alginate	761:776	arg1	nanofibers					810:819	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	732:819	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers	732:819	Lipase immobilized polyvinyl alcohol/alginate and polyethylene oxide/alginate nanofibers maintained 60% of their activities after 14 and 7 reuses, respectively.
27932259	6	42	dep	Fourier	973:979	arg1	Transform					981:989	Transform	981:989	Transform Infrared Spectroscopy	981:1011	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
27932259	0	43	theme	composite	66:74	arg1	nanofibers					88:97	composite electrospun nanofibers	66:97	composite electrospun nanofibers	66:97	A comparative study for lipase immobilization onto alginate based composite electrospun nanofibers with effective and enhanced stability.
27932259	6	44	theme	nanofibers	911:920	arg1	morphology					897:906	The morphology	893:906	The morphology of nanofibers	893:920	The morphology of nanofibers was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer.
24663112	4	0	theme	NMR	616:618	arg1	data					620:623	NMR data	616:623	NMR data	616:623	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	1	used	used	584:587	arg2	HCA					505:507	HCA	505:507	HCA	505:507	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	1	used	used	584:587	arg2	analysis					560:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis	515:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	515:577	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	1	used	used	584:587	arg2	clustering					493:502	hierarchical clustering	480:502	hierarchical clustering (HCA)	480:508	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	1	used	used	584:587	arg2	OPLS-DA					570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	1	used	used	584:587	arg2	Component					463:471	Principal Component	453:471	Principal Component (PCA)	453:477	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	1	used	used	584:587	arg2	PCA					474:476	PCA	474:476	PCA	474:476	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	2	2	theme	metabolomic	295:305	arg1	tools					307:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	2	theme	metabolomic	295:305	arg1	Fourier					169:175	High resolution Fourier	153:175	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	153:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	8	3	theme	1D-	1163:1165	arg1	techniques					1178:1187	1D- and 2D-NMR techniques	1163:1187	1D- and 2D-NMR techniques	1163:1187	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	8	4	theme	tandem	1217:1222	arg1	spectrometry					1229:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	2	5	theme	High	153:156	arg1	tools					307:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	5	theme	High	153:156	arg1	Fourier					169:175	High resolution Fourier	153:175	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	153:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	6	theme	Dereplication	0:12	arg1	strategies					14:23	Dereplication strategies	0:23	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.	0:145	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	8	7	theme	2D-NMR	1171:1176	arg1	techniques					1178:1187	1D- and 2D-NMR techniques	1163:1187	1D- and 2D-NMR techniques	1163:1187	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	7	8	theme	sponge	1071:1076	arg1	vagabunda					1093:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	strain EG49, which was cultivated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda.
24663112	7	9	theme	Red	1063:1065	arg1	vagabunda					1093:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	strain EG49, which was cultivated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda.
24663112	4	10	theme	fermentation	663:674	arg1	approaches					676:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	11	dep	HRFTMS	605:610	arg1	the					601:603	the	601:603	the	601:603	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	5	12	theme	metabolites	859:869	arg1	isolation					830:838	the isolation	826:838	the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites	826:869	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	8	13	theme	high	1201:1204	arg1	spectrometry					1229:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	2	14	theme	magnetic	226:233	arg1	NMR					246:248	NMR	246:248	NMR	246:248	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	14	theme	magnetic	226:233	arg1	resonance					235:243	nuclear magnetic resonance	218:243	nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)	218:249	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	15	dep	brucei	1551:1556	arg1	agent					1573:1577	the causative agent	1559:1577	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness	1519:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	5	16	theme	culture	729:735	arg1	condition					771:779	condition	771:779	condition	771:779	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	16	theme	culture	729:735	arg1	procedure					796:804	extraction procedure	785:804	extraction procedure	785:804	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	16	theme	culture	729:735	arg1	OSMAC					764:768	OSMAC	764:768	OSMAC	764:768	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	16	theme	culture	729:735	arg1	one-strain-many-compounds					737:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	0	17	theme	actinosporins	72:84	arg1	isolation					38:46	targeted isolation	29:46	targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	29:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	18	theme	parasite	1523:1530	arg1	brucei					1551:1556	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1519:1556	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness	1519:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	6	19	theme	Actinokineospora	999:1014	arg1	sp					1016:1017	Actinokineospora sp	999:1017	Actinokineospora sp	999:1017	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	5	20	dep	one-strain-many-compounds	737:761	arg1	condition					771:779	condition	771:779	condition	771:779	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	20	dep	one-strain-many-compounds	737:761	arg1	procedure					796:804	extraction procedure	785:804	extraction procedure	785:804	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	20	dep	one-strain-many-compounds	737:761	arg1	one-strain-many-compounds					737:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	4	21	theme	orthogonal	515:524	arg1	OPLS-DA					570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	21	theme	orthogonal	515:524	arg1	analysis					560:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis	515:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	515:577	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	22	from	data	620:623	arg1	approaches					676:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	9	23	theme	brucei	1544:1549	arg1	brucei					1551:1556	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1519:1556	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness	1519:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	4	24	theme	least	534:538	arg1	OPLS-DA					570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	24	theme	least	534:538	arg1	analysis					560:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis	515:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	515:577	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	0	25	dep	actinosporins	72:84	arg1	actinosporins					72:84	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B	51:92	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	51:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	25	dep	actinosporins	72:84	arg1	B					92:92	B	92:92	B	92:92	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	25	dep	actinosporins	72:84	arg1	A					86:86	A	86:86	A	86:86	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	26	theme	marine	101:106	arg1	sp					143:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	27	theme	causative	1563:1571	arg1	agent					1573:1577	the causative agent	1559:1577	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness	1519:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	0	28	from	isolation	38:46	arg1	sp					143:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	29	theme	Actinokineospora	418:433	arg1	sp					435:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	5	30	theme	bioactive	849:857	arg1	metabolites					859:869	novel bioactive metabolites	843:869	novel bioactive metabolites	843:869	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	9	31	theme	Trypanosoma	1334:1344	arg1	brucei					1353:1358	Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1334:1358	Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1334:1358	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	9	32	theme	sickness	1591:1598	arg1	agent					1573:1577	the causative agent	1559:1577	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness	1519:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	2	33	theme	spectrometry	192:203	arg1	spectroscopy					251:262	mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	187:262	mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	187:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	34	dep	major	1441:1445	arg1	Leishmania					1430:1439	Leishmania major	1430:1445	Leishmania major	1430:1445	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	6	35	theme	new	889:891	arg1	result					877:882	a result	875:882	a result	875:882	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	35	theme	new	889:891	arg1	actinosporins					928:940	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	35	theme	new	889:891	arg1	angucyclines					908:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	3	36	theme	EG49	439:442	arg1	extract					444:450	EG49 extract	439:450	EG49 extract.	439:451	EG49 extract.
24663112	2	37	theme	new	356:358	arg1	sp					435:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	38	theme	new	51:53	arg1	actinosporins					72:84	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B	51:92	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	51:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	38	theme	new	51:53	arg1	B					92:92	B	92:92	B	92:92	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	38	theme	new	51:53	arg1	A					86:86	A	86:86	A	86:86	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	4	39	from	HRFTMS	605:610	arg1	approaches					676:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	2	40	theme	sponge-associated	390:406	arg1	sp					435:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	8	41	theme	actinosporins	1122:1134	arg1	structures					1108:1117	The structures	1104:1117	The structures of actinosporins A and B	1104:1142	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	6	42	dep	actinosporins	928:940	arg1	actinosporins					928:940	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	42	dep	actinosporins	928:940	arg1	B					952:952	B (2)	952:956	B (2)	952:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	42	dep	actinosporins	928:940	arg1	A					942:942	A (1)	942:946	A (1)	942:946	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	5	43	theme	Statistical	688:698	arg1	analysis					700:707	Statistical analysis	688:707	Statistical analysis	688:707	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	4	44	theme	Principal	453:461	arg1	PCA					474:476	PCA	474:476	PCA	474:476	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	44	theme	Principal	453:461	arg1	Component					463:471	Principal Component	453:471	Principal Component (PCA)	453:477	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	2	45	theme	resolution	158:167	arg1	tools					307:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	45	theme	resolution	158:167	arg1	Fourier					169:175	High resolution Fourier	153:175	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	153:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	7	46	theme	Spheciospongia	1078:1091	arg1	vagabunda					1093:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	strain EG49, which was cultivated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda.
24663112	2	47	theme	complementary	281:293	arg1	tools					307:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	complementary metabolomic tools	281:311	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	47	theme	complementary	281:293	arg1	Fourier					169:175	High resolution Fourier	153:175	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	153:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	48	theme	named	922:926	arg1	actinosporins					928:940	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	48	theme	named	922:926	arg1	B					952:952	B (2)	952:956	B (2)	952:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	48	theme	named	922:926	arg1	A					942:942	A (1)	942:946	A (1)	942:946	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	48	theme	named	922:926	arg1	angucyclines					908:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	8	49	theme	resolution	1206:1215	arg1	spectrometry					1229:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	7	50	theme	Sea	1067:1069	arg1	vagabunda					1093:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda	1059:1101	strain EG49, which was cultivated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda.
24663112	2	51	theme	chemical	332:339	arg1	profile					341:347	the chemical profile	328:347	the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	328:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	4	52	from	approaches	676:685	arg1	HRFTMS					605:610	HRFTMS	605:610	HRFTMS	605:610	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	52	from	approaches	676:685	arg1	data					620:623	NMR data	616:623	NMR data	616:623	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	52	from	approaches	676:685	arg1	extracts					634:641	crude extracts	628:641	crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches	628:685	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	8	53	theme	mass	1224:1227	arg1	spectrometry					1229:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	high resolution tandem mass spectrometry	1201:1240	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	9	54	theme	Plasmodium	1451:1460	arg1	falciparum					1462:1471	Plasmodium falciparum	1451:1471	Plasmodium falciparum	1451:1471	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	4	55	theme	hierarchical	480:491	arg1	HCA					505:507	HCA	505:507	HCA	505:507	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	55	theme	hierarchical	480:491	arg1	clustering					493:502	hierarchical clustering	480:502	hierarchical clustering (HCA)	480:508	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	56	theme	different	653:661	arg1	approaches					676:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	four different fermentation approaches	648:685	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	2	57	theme	resonance	235:243	arg1	spectroscopy					251:262	mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	187:262	mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	187:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	7	58	theme	strain	1020:1025	arg1	EG49					1027:1030	strain EG49	1020:1030	strain EG49	1020:1030	strain EG49, which was cultivated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda.
24663112	5	59	theme	best	724:727	arg1	condition					771:779	condition	771:779	condition	771:779	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	59	theme	best	724:727	arg1	procedure					796:804	extraction procedure	785:804	extraction procedure	785:804	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	59	theme	best	724:727	arg1	OSMAC					764:768	OSMAC	764:768	OSMAC	764:768	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	59	theme	best	724:727	arg1	one-strain-many-compounds					737:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	6	60	attach	isolated	964:971	arg2	angucyclines					908:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	60	attach	isolated	964:971	arg1	culture					988:994	the broth culture	978:994	the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp	978:1017	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	60	attach	isolated	964:971	arg2	actinosporins					928:940	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	60	attach	isolated	964:971	arg2	result					877:882	a result	875:882	a result	875:882	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	61	theme	antiparasitic	1255:1267	arg1	properties					1269:1278	antiparasitic properties	1255:1278	antiparasitic properties	1255:1278	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	6	62	theme	sp	1016:1017	arg1	culture					988:994	the broth culture	978:994	the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp	978:1017	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	4	63	theme	partial	526:532	arg1	OPLS-DA					570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	63	theme	partial	526:532	arg1	analysis					560:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis	515:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	515:577	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	9	64	theme	Trypanosoma	1532:1542	arg1	brucei					1551:1556	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1519:1556	the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness	1519:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	0	65	theme	associated-Actinokineospora	115:141	arg1	sp					143:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	4	66	theme	square-discriminant	540:558	arg1	OPLS-DA					570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	OPLS-DA	570:576	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	66	theme	square-discriminant	540:558	arg1	analysis					560:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis	515:567	orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	515:577	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	9	67	theme	actinosporin	1292:1303	arg1	A					1305:1305	actinosporin A	1292:1305	actinosporin A	1292:1305	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	6	68	theme	broth	982:986	arg1	culture					988:994	the broth culture	978:994	the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp	978:1017	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	69	theme	sponge	108:113	arg1	sp					143:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	99:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	5	70	used	used	817:820	arg2	condition					771:779	condition	771:779	condition	771:779	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	70	used	used	817:820	arg2	OSMAC					764:768	OSMAC	764:768	OSMAC	764:768	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	70	used	used	817:820	arg2	procedure					796:804	extraction procedure	785:804	extraction procedure	785:804	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	70	used	used	817:820	arg2	one-strain-many-compounds					737:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	2	71	theme	sp	435:436	arg1	profile					341:347	the chemical profile	328:347	the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	328:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	5	72	theme	novel	843:847	arg1	metabolites					859:869	novel bioactive metabolites	843:869	novel bioactive metabolites	843:869	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	8	73	dep	actinosporins	1122:1134	arg1	actinosporins					1122:1134	actinosporins A and B	1122:1142	actinosporins A and B	1122:1142	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	8	73	dep	actinosporins	1122:1134	arg1	B					1142:1142	B	1142:1142	B	1142:1142	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	8	73	dep	actinosporins	1122:1134	arg1	A					1136:1136	A	1136:1136	A	1136:1136	The structures of actinosporins A and B were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, as well as high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.
24663112	6	74	gly	O-glycosylated	893:906	arg1	result					877:882	a result	875:882	a result	875:882	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	74	gly	O-glycosylated	893:906	arg1	actinosporins					928:940	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	74	gly	O-glycosylated	893:906	arg1	angucyclines					908:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	75	theme	bacterium	408:416	arg1	sp					435:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	76	theme	targeted	29:36	arg1	isolation					38:46	targeted isolation	29:46	targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	29:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	77	theme	brucei	1346:1351	arg1	brucei					1353:1358	Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1334:1358	Trypanosoma brucei brucei	1334:1358	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	9	78	theme	sleeping	1582:1589	arg1	sickness					1591:1598	sleeping sickness	1582:1598	sleeping sickness	1582:1598	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	2	79	dep	Fourier	169:175	arg1	transform					177:185	transform	177:185	transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy	177:262	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	80	theme	O-glycosylated	893:906	arg1	result					877:882	a result	875:882	a result	875:882	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	80	theme	O-glycosylated	893:906	arg1	actinosporins					928:940	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	named actinosporins A (1) and B (2)	922:956	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	6	80	theme	O-glycosylated	893:906	arg1	angucyclines					908:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	two new O-glycosylated angucyclines	885:919	As a result, two new O-glycosylated angucyclines, named actinosporins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the broth culture of Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	81	theme	mass	187:190	arg1	spectrometry					192:203	mass spectrometry	187:203	mass spectrometry (HRFTMS)	187:212	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	81	theme	mass	187:190	arg1	HRFTMS					206:211	HRFTMS	206:211	HRFTMS	206:211	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	82	from	sp	143:144	arg1	actinosporins					72:84	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B	51:92	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	51:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	82	from	sp	143:144	arg1	B					92:92	B	92:92	B	92:92	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	82	from	sp	143:144	arg1	A					86:86	A	86:86	A	86:86	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	82	from	sp	143:144	arg1	isolation					38:46	targeted isolation	29:46	targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	29:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	83	theme	antitrypanosomal	55:70	arg1	actinosporins					72:84	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B	51:92	new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp	51:144	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	83	theme	antitrypanosomal	55:70	arg1	B					92:92	B	92:92	B	92:92	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	0	83	theme	antitrypanosomal	55:70	arg1	A					86:86	A	86:86	A	86:86	Dereplication strategies for targeted isolation of new antitrypanosomal actinosporins A and B from a marine sponge associated-Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	9	84	theme	IC₅₀	1368:1371	arg1	value					1373:1377	an IC₅₀ value	1365:1377	an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM	1365:1386	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	2	85	theme	nuclear	218:224	arg1	NMR					246:248	NMR	246:248	NMR	246:248	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	2	85	theme	nuclear	218:224	arg1	resonance					235:243	nuclear magnetic resonance	218:243	nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)	218:249	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24663112	5	86	theme	extraction	785:794	arg1	procedure					796:804	extraction procedure	785:804	extraction procedure	785:804	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	5	86	theme	extraction	785:794	arg1	one-strain-many-compounds					737:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	the best culture one-strain-many-compounds	720:761	Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites.
24663112	9	87	theme	µM	1385:1386	arg1	value					1373:1377	an IC₅₀ value	1365:1377	an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM	1365:1386	Testing for antiparasitic properties showed that actinosporin A exhibited activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 15 µM; however no activity was detected against Leishmania major and Plasmodium falciparum, therefore suggesting its selectivity against the parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei; the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
24663112	4	88	theme	extracts	634:641	arg1	HRFTMS					605:610	HRFTMS	605:610	HRFTMS	605:610	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	88	theme	extracts	634:641	arg1	data					620:623	NMR data	616:623	NMR data	616:623	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	4	89	theme	crude	628:632	arg1	extracts					634:641	crude extracts	628:641	crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches	628:685	Principal Component (PCA), hierarchical clustering (HCA), and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to evaluate the HRFTMS and NMR data of crude extracts from four different fermentation approaches.
24663112	2	90	theme	active	383:388	arg1	sp					435:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp	352:436	High resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HRFTMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed as complementary metabolomic tools to dereplicate the chemical profile of the new and antitrypanosomally active sponge-associated bacterium Actinokineospora sp.
24792897	6	0	theme	fold	894:897	arg1	tissues					899:905	rabbit vocal fold tissues	881:905	rabbit vocal fold tissues	881:905	The proposed model was then used to analyze rabbit vocal fold tissues.
24792897	7	1	theme	control	1018:1024	arg1	n					1035:1035	n = 4	1035:1039	n = 4	1035:1039	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	1	theme	control	1018:1024	arg1	samples					1026:1032	the control samples	1014:1032	the control samples (n = 4)	1014:1040	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	2	theme	mean	912:915	arg1	value					917:921	The mean value	908:921	The mean value	908:921	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	2	theme	mean	912:915	arg1	%					1008:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 %	996:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4)	996:1040	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	1	3	theme	fold	126:129	arg1	tissue					131:136	the vocal fold tissue	116:136	the vocal fold tissue	116:136	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	0	4	theme	two-phase	65:73	arg1	model					75:79	a two-phase model	63:79	a two-phase model	63:79	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	1	5	theme	tissue	131:136	arg1	ECM					108:110	ECM	108:110	ECM	108:110	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	1	5	theme	tissue	131:136	arg1	matrix					100:105	The extracellular matrix	82:105	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue	82:136	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	5	6	theme	two-phase	667:675	arg1	model					677:681	the two-phase model	663:681	the two-phase model	663:681	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	0	7	from	Study	0:4	arg1	biomechanics					44:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	2	8	theme	selective	255:263	arg1	digestion					275:283	selective enzymatic digestion	255:283	selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican,	255:333	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	4	9	theme	composite	528:536	arg1	material					538:545	a two-phase composite material	516:545	a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils	516:576	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	6	10	theme	proposed	841:848	arg1	model					850:854	The proposed model	837:854	The proposed model	837:854	The proposed model was then used to analyze rabbit vocal fold tissues.
24792897	0	11	from	biomechanics	44:55	arg1	Study					0:4	Study	0:4	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics	0:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	8	12	from	reduction	1193:1201	arg1	stiffness					1213:1221	tissue stiffness	1206:1221	tissue stiffness	1206:1221	The results suggest that elastin removal may lead to a reduction in tissue stiffness, through counteracting the reinforcement of collagen fibrils.
24792897	4	13	theme	two-phase	518:526	arg1	material					538:545	a two-phase composite material	516:545	a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils	516:576	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	5	14	theme	animal	775:780	arg1	model					782:786	a different animal model	763:786	a different animal model	763:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	15	theme	different	765:773	arg1	model					782:786	a different animal model	763:786	a different animal model	763:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	2	16	theme	fold	369:372	arg1	tissue					374:379	rabbit vocal fold tissue	356:379	rabbit vocal fold tissue	356:379	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	8	17	theme	fibrils	1276:1282	arg1	reinforcement					1250:1262	the reinforcement	1246:1262	the reinforcement of collagen fibrils	1246:1282	The results suggest that elastin removal may lead to a reduction in tissue stiffness, through counteracting the reinforcement of collagen fibrils.
24792897	7	18	theme	=	1037:1037	arg1	n					1035:1035	n = 4	1035:1039	n = 4	1035:1039	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	18	theme	=	1037:1037	arg1	samples					1026:1032	the control samples	1014:1032	the control samples (n = 4)	1014:1040	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	19	theme	±	1048:1048	arg1	n					1080:1080	n = 4	1080:1084	n = 4	1080:1084	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	19	theme	±	1048:1048	arg1	%					1055:1055	0.59 ± 1.13 %	1043:1055	0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4)	1043:1085	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	8	20	theme	elastin	1163:1169	arg1	removal					1171:1177	elastin removal	1163:1177	elastin removal	1163:1177	The results suggest that elastin removal may lead to a reduction in tissue stiffness, through counteracting the reinforcement of collagen fibrils.
24792897	4	21	theme	ECM	623:625	arg1	proteins					627:634	noncollagenous ECM proteins	608:634	noncollagenous ECM proteins	608:634	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	5	22	theme	shear	746:750	arg1	parameters					699:708	the regression parameters	684:708	the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model	684:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	22	theme	shear	746:750	arg1	modulus					752:758	shear modulus	746:758	shear modulus	746:758	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	7	23	theme	±	1001:1001	arg1	value					917:921	The mean value	908:921	The mean value	908:921	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	23	theme	±	1001:1001	arg1	%					1008:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 %	996:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4)	996:1040	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	23	theme	±	1001:1001	arg1	deviation					940:948	the standard deviation	927:948	the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction	927:977	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	24	theme	versican	1112:1119	arg1	removal					1121:1127	versican removal	1112:1127	versican removal	1112:1127	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	1	25	theme	fibrous	160:166	arg1	proteins					185:192	fibrous and interstitial proteins	160:192	fibrous and interstitial proteins	160:192	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	0	26	theme	matrix	23:28	arg1	Study					0:4	Study	0:4	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics	0:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	4	27	theme	model	496:500	arg1	framework					481:489	the framework	477:489	the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix	477:648	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	6	28	used	used	865:868	arg2	model					850:854	The proposed model	837:854	The proposed model	837:854	The proposed model was then used to analyze rabbit vocal fold tissues.
24792897	7	29	theme	=	1132:1132	arg1	n					1130:1130	n = 4	1130:1134	n = 4	1130:1134	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	29	theme	=	1132:1132	arg1	%					1104:1104	8.22 ± 1.06 %	1092:1104	8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4)	1092:1135	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	2	30	theme	digestion	275:283	arg1	effects					244:250	the effects	240:250	the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue	240:379	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	2	31	theme	tissue	374:379	arg1	elasticity					342:351	the elasticity	338:351	the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue	338:379	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	0	32	theme	extracellular	9:21	arg1	matrix					23:28	extracellular matrix	9:28	extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics	9:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	4	33	theme	ECM	509:511	arg1	model					496:500	a model	494:500	a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix	494:648	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	2	34	theme	enzymatic	265:273	arg1	digestion					275:283	selective enzymatic digestion	255:283	selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican,	255:333	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	1	35	theme	interstitial	172:183	arg1	proteins					185:192	fibrous and interstitial proteins	160:192	fibrous and interstitial proteins	160:192	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	0	36	theme	vocal	33:37	arg1	biomechanics					44:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	6	37	theme	vocal	888:892	arg1	tissues					899:905	rabbit vocal fold tissues	881:905	rabbit vocal fold tissues	881:905	The proposed model was then used to analyze rabbit vocal fold tissues.
24792897	4	38	theme	reinforcing	585:595	arg1	fibers					597:602	the reinforcing fibers	581:602	the reinforcing fibers	581:602	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	3	39	theme	Quasi-static	382:393	arg1	tests					425:429	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests	382:429	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests	382:429	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests were performed.
24792897	2	40	theme	vocal	363:367	arg1	tissue					374:379	rabbit vocal fold tissue	356:379	rabbit vocal fold tissue	356:379	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	6	41	theme	rabbit	881:886	arg1	tissues					899:905	rabbit vocal fold tissues	881:905	rabbit vocal fold tissues	881:905	The proposed model was then used to analyze rabbit vocal fold tissues.
24792897	5	42	dep	parameters	699:708	arg1	parameters					699:708	the regression parameters	684:708	the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model	684:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	42	dep	parameters	699:708	arg1	fraction					733:740	volume fraction	726:740	volume fraction	726:740	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	42	dep	parameters	699:708	arg1	modulus					752:758	shear modulus	746:758	shear modulus	746:758	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	3	43	dep	Quasi-static	382:393	arg1	uniaxial					408:415	uniaxial	408:415	uniaxial	408:415	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests were performed.
24792897	3	43	dep	Quasi-static	382:393	arg1	sinusoidal					396:405	sinusoidal	396:405	sinusoidal	396:405	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests were performed.
24792897	2	44	theme	rabbit	356:361	arg1	tissue					374:379	rabbit vocal fold tissue	356:379	rabbit vocal fold tissue	356:379	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	5	45	theme	volume	726:731	arg1	parameters					699:708	the regression parameters	684:708	the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model	684:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	45	theme	volume	726:731	arg1	fraction					733:740	volume fraction	726:740	volume fraction	726:740	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	7	46	theme	volume	963:968	arg1	fraction					970:977	the fiber volume fraction	953:977	the fiber volume fraction	953:977	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	0	47	theme	fold	39:42	arg1	biomechanics					44:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	7	48	theme	fraction	970:977	arg1	value					917:921	The mean value	908:921	The mean value	908:921	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	48	theme	fraction	970:977	arg1	%					1008:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 %	996:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4)	996:1040	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	48	theme	fraction	970:977	arg1	deviation					940:948	the standard deviation	927:948	the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction	927:977	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	8	49	theme	collagen	1267:1274	arg1	fibrils					1276:1282	collagen fibrils	1267:1282	collagen fibrils	1267:1282	The results suggest that elastin removal may lead to a reduction in tissue stiffness, through counteracting the reinforcement of collagen fibrils.
24792897	4	50	theme	noncollagenous	608:621	arg1	proteins					627:634	noncollagenous ECM proteins	608:634	noncollagenous ECM proteins	608:634	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	2	51	from	effects	244:250	arg1	elasticity					342:351	the elasticity	338:351	the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue	338:379	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	5	52	theme	corresponding	807:819	arg1	data					831:834	corresponding published data	807:834	corresponding published data	807:834	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	8	53	theme	tissue	1206:1211	arg1	stiffness					1213:1221	tissue stiffness	1206:1221	tissue stiffness	1206:1221	The results suggest that elastin removal may lead to a reduction in tissue stiffness, through counteracting the reinforcement of collagen fibrils.
24792897	7	54	theme	standard	931:938	arg1	%					1008:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 %	996:1008	8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4)	996:1040	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	54	theme	standard	931:938	arg1	deviation					940:948	the standard deviation	927:948	the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction	927:977	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	2	55	theme	proteins	296:303	arg1	digestion					275:283	selective enzymatic digestion	255:283	selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican,	255:333	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	1	56	theme	extracellular	86:98	arg1	ECM					108:110	ECM	108:110	ECM	108:110	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	1	56	theme	extracellular	86:98	arg1	matrix					100:105	The extracellular matrix	82:105	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue	82:136	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	7	57	theme	fiber	957:961	arg1	fraction					970:977	the fiber volume fraction	953:977	the fiber volume fraction	953:977	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	2	58	theme	ECM	292:294	arg1	versican					325:332	versican	325:332	versican	325:332	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	2	58	theme	ECM	292:294	arg1	proteins					296:303	two ECM proteins	288:303	two ECM proteins	288:303	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	2	58	theme	ECM	292:294	arg1	elastin					313:319	elastin	313:319	elastin	313:319	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	5	59	theme	regression	688:697	arg1	parameters					699:708	the regression parameters	684:708	the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model	684:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	59	theme	regression	688:697	arg1	fraction					733:740	volume fraction	726:740	volume fraction	726:740	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	59	theme	regression	688:697	arg1	modulus					752:758	shear modulus	746:758	shear modulus	746:758	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	5	60	from	parameters	699:708	arg1	model					782:786	a different animal model	763:786	a different animal model	763:786	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	3	61	theme	tensile	417:423	arg1	tests					425:429	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests	382:429	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests	382:429	Quasi-static, sinusoidal, uniaxial tensile tests were performed.
24792897	5	62	theme	published	821:829	arg1	data					831:834	corresponding published data	807:834	corresponding published data	807:834	To validate the two-phase model, the regression parameters for the fibers' volume fraction and shear modulus in a different animal model were compared with corresponding published data.
24792897	4	63	theme	collagen	561:568	arg1	fibrils					570:576	collagen fibrils	561:576	collagen fibrils	561:576	The data were analyzed within the framework of a model of the ECM as a two-phase composite material consisting of collagen fibrils as the reinforcing fibers and noncollagenous ECM proteins as the matrix.
24792897	7	64	theme	=	1082:1082	arg1	n					1080:1080	n = 4	1080:1084	n = 4	1080:1084	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	7	64	theme	=	1082:1082	arg1	%					1055:1055	0.59 ± 1.13 %	1043:1055	0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4)	1043:1085	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24792897	0	65	from	matrix	23:28	arg1	biomechanics					44:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	vocal fold biomechanics	33:55	Study of extracellular matrix in vocal fold biomechanics using a two-phase model.
24792897	2	66	theme	study	215:219	arg1	purpose					199:205	The purpose	195:205	The purpose of this study	195:219	The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of selective enzymatic digestion of two ECM proteins, namely elastin and versican, on the elasticity of rabbit vocal fold tissue.
24792897	1	67	theme	vocal	120:124	arg1	tissue					131:136	the vocal fold tissue	116:136	the vocal fold tissue	116:136	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal fold tissue consists primarily of fibrous and interstitial proteins.
24792897	7	68	theme	elastin	1063:1069	arg1	removal					1071:1077	elastin removal	1063:1077	elastin removal	1063:1077	The mean value and the standard deviation of the fiber volume fraction were found to be 8.49 ± 3.75 % for the control samples (n = 4), 0.59 ± 1.13 % after elastin removal (n = 4), and 8.22 ± 1.06 % after versican removal (n = 4).
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	0	theme	storage	890:896	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	5	1	theme	strength	671:678	arg1	force					681:685	strength (force)	671:686	strength (force)	671:686	We compared strength (force) versus elasticity (time) required to compress individual microcapsule to 60% deformation.
24951926	6	2	dep	microcapsules	998:1010	arg1	determines					1129:1138	determines	1129:1138	determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	1129:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	2	3	theme	types	368:372	arg1	cure					314:317	cure	314:317	cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types	314:372	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	6	4	theme	culturing	1114:1122	arg1	ion					1038:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	4	theme	culturing	1114:1122	arg1	time					1124:1127	the culturing time	1110:1127	the culturing time	1110:1127	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	3	5	theme	mechanical	523:532	arg1	stability					534:542	adequate mechanical stability	514:542	adequate mechanical stability	514:542	Despite years of intensive research it is still not completely understood which factors have to be controlled and documented for achieving adequate mechanical stability.
24951926	4	6	theme	microcapsules	592:604	arg1	elasticity					578:587	elasticity	578:587	elasticity	578:587	Here we studied the strength and elasticity of microcapsules of different composition with and without cell load.
24951926	4	6	theme	microcapsules	592:604	arg1	strength					565:572	strength	565:572	strength	565:572	Here we studied the strength and elasticity of microcapsules of different composition with and without cell load.
24951926	0	7	theme	cells	107:111	arg1	immunoisolation					78:92	immunoisolation	78:92	immunoisolation of mammalian cells	78:111	Factors influencing the mechanical stability of alginate beads applicable for immunoisolation of mammalian cells.
24951926	7	8	from	essence	1214:1220	arg1	studies					1268:1274	studies	1268:1274	studies on encapsulated cells	1268:1296	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	7	8	from	essence	1214:1220	arg1	cells					1292:1296	encapsulated cells	1279:1296	encapsulated cells	1279:1296	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	7	9	theme	encapsulated	1279:1290	arg1	cells					1292:1296	encapsulated cells	1279:1296	encapsulated cells	1279:1296	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	10	theme	acid	1101:1104	arg1	time					1073:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	10	theme	acid	1101:1104	arg1	type					1083:1086	the type	1079:1086	the type of polyamino acid	1079:1104	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	10	theme	acid	1101:1104	arg1	ion					1038:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	10	theme	acid	1101:1104	arg1	time					1124:1127	the culturing time	1110:1127	the culturing time	1110:1127	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	4	11	theme	composition	619:629	arg1	microcapsules					592:604	microcapsules	592:604	microcapsules of different composition	592:629	Here we studied the strength and elasticity of microcapsules of different composition with and without cell load.
24951926	0	12	theme	mammalian	97:105	arg1	cells					107:111	mammalian cells	97:111	mammalian cells	97:111	Factors influencing the mechanical stability of alginate beads applicable for immunoisolation of mammalian cells.
24951926	3	13	theme	adequate	514:521	arg1	stability					534:542	adequate mechanical stability	514:542	adequate mechanical stability	514:542	Despite years of intensive research it is still not completely understood which factors have to be controlled and documented for achieving adequate mechanical stability.
24951926	2	14	used	used	263:266	arg2	microcapsules					239:251	Alginate-based microcapsules	224:251	Alginate-based microcapsules	224:251	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	4	15	theme	different	609:617	arg1	composition					619:629	different composition	609:629	different composition	609:629	Here we studied the strength and elasticity of microcapsules of different composition with and without cell load.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	16	theme	gelling	872:878	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	17	theme	incubation	1062:1071	arg1	time					1073:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	17	theme	incubation	1062:1071	arg1	ion					1038:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	18	theme	alginate	806:813	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	2	19	theme	feasibility	283:293	arg1	many					271:274	many	271:274	many	271:274	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	2	19	theme	feasibility	283:293	arg1	feasibility					283:293	the feasibility	279:293	the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types	279:372	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	7	20	dep	success	1352:1358	arg1	the					1348:1350	the	1348:1350	the	1348:1350	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	21	theme	polyamino	1047:1055	arg1	time					1073:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	21	theme	polyamino	1047:1055	arg1	ion					1038:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	5	22	theme	60	761:762	arg1	%					763:763	%	763:763	%	763:763	We compared strength (force) versus elasticity (time) required to compress individual microcapsule to 60% deformation.
24951926	6	23	theme	acid	1057:1060	arg1	time					1073:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	23	theme	acid	1057:1060	arg1	ion					1038:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	7	24	theme	encapsulated	1375:1386	arg1	grafts					1388:1393	encapsulated grafts	1375:1393	encapsulated grafts	1375:1393	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	3	25	theme	intensive	392:400	arg1	research					402:409	intensive research	392:409	intensive research	392:409	Despite years of intensive research it is still not completely understood which factors have to be controlled and documented for achieving adequate mechanical stability.
24951926	4	26	dep	strength	565:572	arg1	the					561:563	the	561:563	the	561:563	Here we studied the strength and elasticity of microcapsules of different composition with and without cell load.
24951926	2	27	theme	endocrine	326:334	arg1	disorders					336:344	the endocrine disorders	322:344	the endocrine disorders	322:344	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	7	28	theme	above	1241:1245	arg1	factors					1257:1263	documenting the above mentioned factors	1225:1263	documenting the above mentioned factors	1225:1263	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	1	29	theme	many	189:192	arg1	types					194:198	many types	189:198	many types of endocrine disorders	189:221	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells has been proposed as a cure for many types of endocrine disorders.
24951926	3	30	theme	research	402:409	arg1	years					383:387	years	383:387	years of intensive research	383:409	Despite years of intensive research it is still not completely understood which factors have to be controlled and documented for achieving adequate mechanical stability.
24951926	7	31	theme	grafts	1388:1393	arg1	failure					1364:1370	failure	1364:1370	failure	1364:1370	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	7	31	theme	grafts	1388:1393	arg1	success					1352:1358	success	1352:1358	success	1352:1358	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	32	theme	ion	1038:1040	arg1	type					1022:1025	the type	1018:1025	the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time	1018:1127	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	0	33	theme	mechanical	24:33	arg1	stability					35:43	the mechanical stability	20:43	the mechanical stability of alginate beads	20:61	Factors influencing the mechanical stability of alginate beads applicable for immunoisolation of mammalian cells.
24951926	6	34	theme	gelling	1030:1036	arg1	time					1073:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	the polyamino acid incubation time	1043:1076	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	34	theme	gelling	1030:1036	arg1	type					1083:1086	the type	1079:1086	the type of polyamino acid	1079:1104	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	34	theme	gelling	1030:1036	arg1	time					1124:1127	the culturing time	1110:1127	the culturing time	1110:1127	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	34	theme	gelling	1030:1036	arg1	ion					1038:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	gelling ion	1030:1040	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	35	theme	dominant	929:936	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	2	36	theme	cancer	361:366	arg1	types					368:372	different cancer types	351:372	different cancer types	351:372	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	1	37	theme	endocrine	203:211	arg1	disorders					213:221	endocrine disorders	203:221	endocrine disorders	203:221	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells has been proposed as a cure for many types of endocrine disorders.
24951926	7	38	theme	factors	1257:1263	arg1	essence					1214:1220	the essence	1210:1220	the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells	1210:1296	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	39	theme	alginate	853:860	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	1	40	theme	disorders	213:221	arg1	types					194:198	many types	189:198	many types of endocrine disorders	189:221	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells has been proposed as a cure for many types of endocrine disorders.
24951926	7	41	theme	mechanical	1301:1310	arg1	factor					1338:1343	an essential factor	1325:1343	an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts	1325:1393	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	7	41	theme	mechanical	1301:1310	arg1	stability					1312:1320	mechanical stability	1301:1320	mechanical stability	1301:1320	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	42	theme	final	965:969	arg1	strength					971:978	the final strength	961:978	the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	961:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	43	theme	alginate-based	983:996	arg1	microcapsules					998:1010	alginate-based microcapsules	983:1010	alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	983:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	0	44	theme	beads	57:61	arg1	stability					35:43	the mechanical stability	20:43	the mechanical stability of alginate beads	20:61	Factors influencing the mechanical stability of alginate beads applicable for immunoisolation of mammalian cells.
24951926	5	45	theme	individual	734:743	arg1	microcapsule					745:756	individual microcapsule	734:756	individual microcapsule to 60% deformation	734:775	We compared strength (force) versus elasticity (time) required to compress individual microcapsule to 60% deformation.
24951926	7	46	from	studies	1268:1274	arg1	cells					1292:1296	encapsulated cells	1279:1296	encapsulated cells	1279:1296	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	2	47	theme	different	351:359	arg1	types					368:372	different cancer types	351:372	different cancer types	351:372	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	0	48	theme	alginate	48:55	arg1	beads					57:61	alginate beads	48:61	alginate beads	48:61	Factors influencing the mechanical stability of alginate beads applicable for immunoisolation of mammalian cells.
24951926	7	49	from	factor	1338:1343	arg1	failure					1364:1370	failure	1364:1370	failure	1364:1370	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	7	49	from	factor	1338:1343	arg1	success					1352:1358	success	1352:1358	success	1352:1358	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	50	theme	beads	842:846	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	2	51	theme	Alginate-based	224:237	arg1	microcapsules					239:251	Alginate-based microcapsules	224:251	Alginate-based microcapsules	224:251	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	7	52	theme	mentioned	1247:1255	arg1	factors					1257:1263	documenting the above mentioned factors	1225:1263	documenting the above mentioned factors	1225:1263	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	1	53	theme	microencapsulated	133:149	arg1	cells					151:155	microencapsulated cells	133:155	microencapsulated cells	133:155	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells has been proposed as a cure for many types of endocrine disorders.
24951926	7	54	theme	essential	1328:1336	arg1	factor					1338:1343	an essential factor	1325:1343	an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts	1325:1393	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	7	54	theme	essential	1328:1336	arg1	stability					1312:1320	mechanical stability	1301:1320	mechanical stability	1301:1320	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	55	theme	microcapsules	1177:1189	arg1	elasticity					1144:1153	the elasticity	1140:1153	the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	1140:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	1	56	theme	cells	151:155	arg1	cure					180:183	a cure	178:183	a cure for many types of endocrine disorders	178:221	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells has been proposed as a cure for many types of endocrine disorders.
24951926	1	56	theme	cells	151:155	arg1	Transplantation					114:128	Transplantation	114:128	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells	114:155	Transplantation of microencapsulated cells has been proposed as a cure for many types of endocrine disorders.
24951926	6	57	theme	alginate-based	1162:1175	arg1	microcapsules					1177:1189	the alginate-based microcapsules	1158:1189	the alginate-based microcapsules	1158:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	7	58	from	cells	1292:1296	arg1	essence					1214:1220	the essence	1210:1220	the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells	1210:1296	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	2	59	theme	disorders	336:344	arg1	cure					314:317	cure	314:317	cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types	314:372	Alginate-based microcapsules have been used in many of the feasibility studied addressing cure of the endocrine disorders, and different cancer types.
24951926	6	60	theme	polyamino	1091:1099	arg1	acid					1101:1104	polyamino acid	1091:1104	polyamino acid	1091:1104	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	61	theme	microcapsules	998:1010	arg1	strength					971:978	the final strength	961:978	the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	961:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	5	62	theme	%	763:763	arg1	deformation					765:775	60% deformation	761:775	60% deformation	761:775	We compared strength (force) versus elasticity (time) required to compress individual microcapsule to 60% deformation.
24951926	4	63	theme	cell	648:651	arg1	load					653:656	cell load	648:656	cell load	648:656	Here we studied the strength and elasticity of microcapsules of different composition with and without cell load.
24951926	7	64	theme	documenting	1225:1235	arg1	factors					1257:1263	documenting the above mentioned factors	1225:1263	documenting the above mentioned factors	1225:1263	Our data underpin the essence of documenting the above mentioned factors in studies on encapsulated cells as mechanical stability is an essential factor in the success and failure of encapsulated grafts.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	size					830:833	the size	826:833	the size of the beads	826:846	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	solution					898:905	the storage solution	886:905	the storage solution	886:905	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	factors					938:944	dominant factors	929:944	dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules	929:1189	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	viscosity					815:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	the alginate viscosity	802:823	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	time					880:883	the gelling time	868:883	the gelling time	868:883	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	load					920:923	the cell load	911:923	the cell load	911:923	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
24951926	6	65	theme	cell	915:918	arg1	type					862:865	the alginate type	849:865	the alginate type	849:865	It is demonstrated that the alginate viscosity, the size of the beads, the alginate type, the gelling time, the storage solution and the cell load are dominant factors in determining the final strength of alginate-based microcapsules while the type of gelling ion, the polyamino acid incubation time, the type of polyamino acid and the culturing time determines the elasticity of the alginate-based microcapsules.
28797817	4	0	theme	based	811:815	arg1	foams					834:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams	803:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams	803:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	7	1	theme	wettability	1234:1244	arg1	phenomenon					1216:1225	the splitting and spreading phenomenon	1188:1225	the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples	1188:1259	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	3	2	theme	thermo-mechanical	614:630	arg1	investigations					632:645	The thermo-mechanical investigations	610:645	The thermo-mechanical investigations	610:645	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	2	3	from	density	519:525	arg1	pores					478:482	interconnected pores	463:482	interconnected pores	463:482	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	3	from	density	519:525	arg1	effect					492:497	the effect	488:497	the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams	488:553	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	3	4	theme	foam	669:672	arg1	samples					674:680	the foam samples	665:680	the foam samples	665:680	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	1	5	theme	bio-based	251:259	arg1	poly					261:264	bio-based poly	251:264	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	1	5	theme	bio-based	251:259	arg1	acid					274:277	lactic acid	267:277	lactic acid	267:277	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	1	5	theme	bio-based	251:259	arg1	PLA					281:283	PLA	281:283	PLA	281:283	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	2	6	theme	foams	549:553	arg1	size					541:544	cell size	536:544	cell size	536:544	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	6	theme	foams	549:553	arg1	Nf					528:529	Nf	528:529	Nf	528:529	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	6	theme	foams	549:553	arg1	density					519:525	the cell density	510:525	the cell density (Nf)	510:530	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	7	theme	cell	514:517	arg1	Nf					528:529	Nf	528:529	Nf	528:529	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	7	theme	cell	514:517	arg1	density					519:525	the cell density	510:525	the cell density (Nf)	510:530	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	8	theme	CNCs	502:505	arg1	pores					478:482	interconnected pores	463:482	interconnected pores	463:482	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	8	theme	CNCs	502:505	arg1	effect					492:497	the effect	488:497	the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams	488:553	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	6	9	theme	CNCs	1138:1141	arg1	loading					1127:1133	highest loading	1119:1133	highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart	1119:1170	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	8	10	contain	carries	1449:1455	arg1	foams					1427:1431	the nanocomposite foams	1409:1431	the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA	1409:1447	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	8	10	contain	carries	1449:1455	arg2	significance					1462:1473	much significance	1457:1473	much significance	1457:1473	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	8	10	contain	carries	1449:1455	arg3	areas					1502:1506	specialized application areas	1478:1506	specialized application areas where weight is an important concern	1478:1543	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	4	11	theme	similar	850:856	arg1	stability					866:874	similar thermal stability	850:874	similar thermal stability	850:874	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	0	12	theme	cellular	123:130	arg1	morphology					132:141	foam cellular morphology	118:141	foam cellular morphology	118:141	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	8	13	theme	nanocomposite	1413:1425	arg1	foams					1427:1431	the nanocomposite foams	1409:1431	the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA	1409:1447	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	7	14	theme	angle	1329:1333	arg1	CAH					1347:1349	CAH	1347:1349	CAH	1347:1349	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	7	14	theme	angle	1329:1333	arg1	hysteresis					1335:1344	the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis	1291:1344	the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH)	1291:1350	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	1	15	theme	hydrophobic	376:386	arg1	behavior					396:403	hydrophobic surface behavior	376:403	hydrophobic surface behavior	376:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	3	16	theme	tensile	776:782	arg1	mode					784:787	the compressive and tensile mode	756:787	the compressive and tensile mode respectively	756:800	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	2	17	from	pores	478:482	arg1	size					541:544	cell size	536:544	cell size	536:544	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	17	from	pores	478:482	arg1	Nf					528:529	Nf	528:529	Nf	528:529	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	17	from	pores	478:482	arg1	density					519:525	the cell density	510:525	the cell density (Nf)	510:530	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	3	18	theme	storage	724:730	arg1	modulus					732:738	storage modulus	724:738	storage modulus	724:738	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	1	19	theme	/cellulose	285:294	arg1	fabrication					236:246	fabrication	236:246	fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	236:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	3	20	theme	compressive	760:770	arg1	mode					784:787	the compressive and tensile mode	756:787	the compressive and tensile mode respectively	756:800	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	1	21	with	/cellulose	285:294	arg1	behavior					396:403	hydrophobic surface behavior	376:403	hydrophobic surface behavior	376:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	1	21	with	/cellulose	285:294	arg1	morphology					361:370	cellular morphology	352:370	cellular morphology	352:370	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	8	22	theme	much	1457:1460	arg1	significance					1462:1473	much significance	1457:1473	much significance	1457:1473	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	3	23	from	increase	712:719	arg1	modulus					732:738	storage modulus	724:738	storage modulus	724:738	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	0	24	theme	microcellular	73:85	arg1	foam					87:90	composite microcellular foam	63:90	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	5	25	theme	behavior	935:942	arg1	investigations					903:916	Detailed investigations	894:916	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior	894:942	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	2	26	theme	interconnected	463:476	arg1	pores					478:482	interconnected pores	463:482	interconnected pores	463:482	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	1	27	theme	foam	332:335	arg1	PLA/CNC					338:344	nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC)	296:345	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	7	28	theme	angle	1311:1315	arg1	CAH					1347:1349	CAH	1347:1349	CAH	1347:1349	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	7	28	theme	angle	1311:1315	arg1	hysteresis					1335:1344	the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis	1291:1344	the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH)	1291:1350	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	2	29	theme	porous	413:418	arg1	structure					436:444	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure	406:444	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure	406:444	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	8	30	theme	application	1490:1500	arg1	areas					1502:1506	specialized application areas	1478:1506	specialized application areas where weight is an important concern	1478:1543	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	0	31	theme	Biodegradable	0:12	arg1	poly					14:17	Biodegradable poly	0:17	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	31	theme	Biodegradable	0:12	arg1	acid					27:30	lactic acid	20:30	lactic acid	20:30	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	1	32	theme	poly	261:264	arg1	/cellulose					285:294	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose	251:294	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	5	33	theme	Detailed	894:901	arg1	investigations					903:916	Detailed investigations	894:916	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior	894:942	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	2	34	theme	morphological	586:598	arg1	analysis					600:607	morphological analysis	586:607	morphological analysis	586:607	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	6	35	dep	%	1075:1075	arg1	∼13					1072:1074	∼13	1072:1074	∼13	1072:1074	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	0	36	dep	nanocrystals	43:54	arg1	foam					87:90	composite microcellular foam	63:90	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	36	dep	nanocrystals	43:54	arg1	Effect					93:98	Effect	93:98	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	1	37	theme	lactic	267:272	arg1	poly					261:264	bio-based poly	251:264	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	1	37	theme	lactic	267:272	arg1	acid					274:277	lactic acid	267:277	lactic acid	267:277	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	1	38	dep	nanocrystal	296:306	arg1	CNCs					309:312	CNCs	309:312	CNCs	309:312	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	5	39	theme	transmission	1011:1022	arg1	TGA-FTIR					1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	5	39	theme	transmission	1011:1022	arg1	spectroscopy					1033:1044	thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	976:1044	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	8	40	theme	important	1527:1535	arg1	concern					1537:1543	an important concern	1524:1543	an important concern	1524:1543	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	8	40	theme	important	1527:1535	arg1	weight					1514:1519	weight	1514:1519	weight	1514:1519	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	0	41	theme	/Cellulose	32:41	arg1	CNCs					57:60	CNCs	57:60	CNCs	57:60	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	41	theme	/Cellulose	32:41	arg1	nanocrystals					43:54	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals	0:54	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	5	42	theme	spectroscopy	1033:1044	arg1	system					1057:1062	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	6	43	theme	highest	1119:1125	arg1	loading					1127:1133	highest loading	1119:1133	highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart	1119:1170	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	1	44	theme	elegant	205:211	arg1	approach					223:230	the elegant and green approach	201:230	the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	201:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	7	45	theme	linear	1262:1267	arg1	model					1269:1273	linear model	1262:1273	linear model	1262:1273	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	1	46	theme	green	217:221	arg1	approach					223:230	the elegant and green approach	201:230	the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	201:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	5	47	theme	thermogravimetric	976:992	arg1	TGA-FTIR					1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	5	47	theme	thermogravimetric	976:992	arg1	spectroscopy					1033:1044	thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	976:1044	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	7	48	theme	samples	1253:1259	arg1	wettability					1234:1244	the wettability	1230:1244	the wettability of the samples	1230:1259	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	7	49	theme	spreading	1206:1214	arg1	phenomenon					1216:1225	the splitting and spreading phenomenon	1188:1225	the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples	1188:1259	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	0	50	theme	wettability	156:166	arg1	behavior					168:175	wettability behavior	156:175	wettability behavior	156:175	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	4	51	theme	PLA/CNC	803:809	arg1	foams					834:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams	803:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams	803:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	4	52	theme	bionanocomposite	817:832	arg1	foams					834:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams	803:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams	803:838	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	6	53	theme	neat	1155:1158	arg1	counterpart					1160:1170	neat counterpart	1155:1170	neat counterpart	1155:1170	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	2	54	theme	cell	536:539	arg1	size					541:544	cell size	536:544	cell size	536:544	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	0	55	theme	nanofillers	103:113	arg1	Effect					93:98	Effect	93:98	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	6	56	located	observed	1090:1097	arg2	increment					1077:1085	Almost ∼13% increment	1065:1085	Almost ∼13% increment	1065:1085	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	6	56	located	observed	1090:1097	arg1	crystallinity					1102:1114	crystallinity	1102:1114	crystallinity	1102:1114	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	6	56	located	observed	1090:1097	arg1	loading					1127:1133	highest loading	1119:1133	highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart	1119:1170	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	0	57	theme	foam	118:121	arg1	morphology					132:141	foam cellular morphology	118:141	foam cellular morphology	118:141	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	8	58	from	reduction	1373:1381	arg1	density					1390:1396	the density	1386:1396	the density of PLA	1386:1403	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	4	59	theme	PLA	884:886	arg1	foam					888:891	base PLA foam	879:891	base PLA foam	879:891	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	1	60	theme	cellular	352:359	arg1	morphology					361:370	cellular morphology	352:370	cellular morphology	352:370	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	4	61	theme	base	879:882	arg1	foam					888:891	base PLA foam	879:891	base PLA foam	879:891	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	0	62	from	Effect	93:98	arg1	behavior					168:175	wettability behavior	156:175	wettability behavior	156:175	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	62	from	Effect	93:98	arg1	morphology					132:141	foam cellular morphology	118:141	foam cellular morphology	118:141	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	62	from	Effect	93:98	arg1	thermal					144:150	thermal	144:150	thermal	144:150	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	4	63	theme	thermal	858:864	arg1	stability					866:874	similar thermal stability	850:874	similar thermal stability	850:874	PLA/CNC based bionanocomposite foams displayed similar thermal stability as base PLA foam.
28797817	1	64	theme	surface	388:394	arg1	behavior					396:403	hydrophobic surface behavior	376:403	hydrophobic surface behavior	376:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	7	65	theme	contact	1321:1327	arg1	angle					1329:1333	contact angle	1321:1333	contact angle	1321:1333	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	0	66	theme	composite	63:71	arg1	foam					87:90	composite microcellular foam	63:90	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	1	67	theme	nanocrystal	296:306	arg1	PLA/CNC					338:344	nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC)	296:345	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	2	68	dep	porosity	421:428	arg1	%					433:433	>80%	430:433	>80%	430:433	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	8	69	theme	PLA	1401:1403	arg1	density					1390:1396	the density	1386:1396	the density of PLA	1386:1403	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	7	70	theme	splitting	1192:1200	arg1	phenomenon					1216:1225	the splitting and spreading phenomenon	1188:1225	the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples	1188:1259	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	5	71	theme	decomposition	921:933	arg1	behavior					935:942	decomposition behavior	921:942	decomposition behavior	921:942	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	8	72	theme	specialized	1478:1488	arg1	areas					1502:1506	specialized application areas	1478:1506	specialized application areas where weight is an important concern	1478:1543	Besides, ∼6.1 folds reduction in the density of PLA and the nanocomposite foams compared to PLA carries much significance in specialized application areas where weight is an important concern.
28797817	1	73	theme	bionanocomposite	315:330	arg1	PLA/CNC					338:344	nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC)	296:345	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	7	74	theme	contact	1303:1309	arg1	angle					1311:1315	Young's contact angle	1295:1315	Young's contact angle	1295:1315	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	0	75	theme	poly	14:17	arg1	CNCs					57:60	CNCs	57:60	CNCs	57:60	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	75	theme	poly	14:17	arg1	nanocrystals					43:54	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals	0:54	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	2	76	dep	porous	413:418	arg1	porosity					421:428	porosity	421:428	porosity	421:428	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	3	77	dep	fold	707:710	arg1	∼1.7					693:696	∼1.7	693:696	∼1.7	693:696	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	3	77	dep	fold	707:710	arg1	∼2.2					702:705	∼2.2	702:705	∼2.2	702:705	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	7	78	used	used	1278:1281	arg2	model					1269:1273	linear model	1262:1273	linear model	1262:1273	To investigate the splitting and spreading phenomenon of the wettability of the samples, linear model is used to find the Young's contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH).
28797817	0	79	theme	lactic	20:25	arg1	poly					14:17	Biodegradable poly	0:17	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.	0:176	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	0	79	theme	lactic	20:25	arg1	acid					27:30	lactic acid	20:30	lactic acid	20:30	Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior.
28797817	1	80	dep	/cellulose	285:294	arg1	PLA/CNC					338:344	nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC)	296:345	bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior	251:403	This article addresses the elegant and green approach for fabrication of bio-based poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) bionanocomposite foam (PLA/CNC) with cellular morphology and hydrophobic surface behavior.
28797817	5	81	theme	analysis-fourier	994:1009	arg1	TGA-FTIR					1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	5	81	theme	analysis-fourier	994:1009	arg1	spectroscopy					1033:1044	thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	976:1044	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	2	82	from	size	541:544	arg1	pores					478:482	interconnected pores	463:482	interconnected pores	463:482	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	82	from	size	541:544	arg1	effect					492:497	the effect	488:497	the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams	488:553	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	6	83	dep	increment	1077:1085	arg1	%					1075:1075	%	1075:1075	%	1075:1075	Almost ∼13% increment is observed in crystallinity at highest loading of CNCs compared to neat counterpart.
28797817	5	84	theme	infrared	1024:1031	arg1	TGA-FTIR					1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	TGA-FTIR	1047:1054	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	5	84	theme	infrared	1024:1031	arg1	spectroscopy					1033:1044	thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	976:1044	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	3	85	dep	increase	712:719	arg1	fold					707:710	fold	707:710	fold	707:710	The thermo-mechanical investigations are performed for the foam samples and almost ∼1.7 and ∼2.2 fold increase in storage modulus is observed for the compressive and tensile mode respectively.
28797817	2	86	from	effect	492:497	arg1	size					541:544	cell size	536:544	cell size	536:544	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	86	from	effect	492:497	arg1	Nf					528:529	Nf	528:529	Nf	528:529	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	86	from	effect	492:497	arg1	density					519:525	the cell density	510:525	the cell density (Nf)	510:530	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	5	87	theme	hyphenated	965:974	arg1	system					1057:1062	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system	965:1062	Detailed investigations of decomposition behavior are studied by using hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) system.
28797817	2	88	from	CNCs	502:505	arg1	size					541:544	cell size	536:544	cell size	536:544	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	88	from	CNCs	502:505	arg1	Nf					528:529	Nf	528:529	Nf	528:529	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28797817	2	88	from	CNCs	502:505	arg1	density					519:525	the cell density	510:525	the cell density (Nf)	510:530	Highly porous (porosity >80%) structure is obtained with interconnected pores and the effect of CNCs in the cell density (Nf) and cell size of foams are thoroughly investigated by morphological analysis.
28242331	5	0	theme	CBN	773:775	arg1	films					777:781	the CBN films	769:781	the CBN films	769:781	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	7	1	theme	said	1085:1088	arg1	films					1090:1094	the said films	1081:1094	the said films	1081:1094	In addition, the presence of bentonite in the said films also increases the mechanical strength.
28242331	3	2	theme	charged	518:524	arg1	bentonite					526:534	negatively charged bentonite	507:534	negatively charged bentonite	507:534	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to ascertain the interaction between negatively charged bentonite and positively charged chitosan.
28242331	4	3	theme	composite	608:616	arg1	films					618:622	the prepared composite films	595:622	the prepared composite films	595:622	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	5	4	theme	films	777:781	arg1	capacity					723:730	water absorption capacity	706:730	water absorption capacity	706:730	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	5	4	theme	films	777:781	arg1	endurance					756:764	folding endurance	748:764	folding endurance of the CBN films	748:781	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	5	4	theme	films	777:781	arg1	WVTR					700:703	WVTR	700:703	WVTR	700:703	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	5	4	theme	films	777:781	arg1	thickness					733:741	thickness	733:741	thickness	733:741	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	10	5	theme	potential	1429:1437	arg1	films					1406:1410	the CBN films	1398:1410	the CBN films	1398:1410	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	10	5	theme	potential	1429:1437	arg1	candidates					1439:1448	potential candidates	1429:1448	potential candidates for wound healing application	1429:1478	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	9	6	theme	inhibitory	1288:1297	arg1	activity					1299:1306	good inhibitory activity	1283:1306	good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria	1283:1338	It was found that all CBN films showed good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria as compared to control.
28242331	4	7	theme	prepared	599:606	arg1	films					618:622	the prepared composite films	595:622	the prepared composite films	595:622	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	2	8	theme	water	314:318	arg1	capacity					331:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	8	theme	water	314:318	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	1	9	theme	novel	118:122	arg1	films					163:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	2	10	theme	water	345:349	arg1	WVTR					377:380	WVTR	377:380	WVTR	377:380	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	10	theme	water	345:349	arg1	rate					371:374	water vapour transmission rate	345:374	water vapour transmission rate (WVTR)	345:381	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	10	theme	water	345:349	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	5	11	theme	folding	748:754	arg1	endurance					756:764	folding endurance	748:764	folding endurance of the CBN films	748:781	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	8	12	theme	films	1180:1184	arg1	activity					1164:1171	the antibacterial activity	1146:1171	the antibacterial activity of the films	1146:1184	Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the films was investigated against gram positive and gram negative.
28242331	3	13	theme	charged	551:557	arg1	chitosan					559:566	positively charged chitosan	540:566	positively charged chitosan	540:566	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to ascertain the interaction between negatively charged bentonite and positively charged chitosan.
28242331	2	14	theme	films	390:394	arg1	capacity					331:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	14	theme	films	390:394	arg1	rate					371:374	water vapour transmission rate	345:374	water vapour transmission rate (WVTR)	345:381	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	14	theme	films	390:394	arg1	thickness					284:292	thickness	284:292	thickness	284:292	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	14	theme	films	390:394	arg1	endurance					303:311	folding endurance	295:311	folding endurance	295:311	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	14	theme	films	390:394	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	4	15	theme	films	618:622	arg1	morphology					581:590	The surface morphology	569:590	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films	569:622	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	6	16	theme	bentonite	939:947	arg1	nature					929:934	strong hydrophilic nature	910:934	strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite	910:947	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	3	17	dep	Fourier	410:416	arg1	transform					418:426	transform	418:426	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	418:455	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to ascertain the interaction between negatively charged bentonite and positively charged chitosan.
28242331	10	18	theme	healing	1460:1466	arg1	application					1468:1478	wound healing application	1454:1478	wound healing application	1454:1478	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	2	19	theme	folding	295:301	arg1	endurance					303:311	folding endurance	295:311	folding endurance	295:311	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	19	theme	folding	295:301	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	9	20	theme	good	1283:1286	arg1	activity					1299:1306	good inhibitory activity	1283:1306	good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria	1283:1338	It was found that all CBN films showed good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria as compared to control.
28242331	2	21	dep	properties	266:275	arg1	capacity					331:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	21	dep	properties	266:275	arg1	WVTR					377:380	WVTR	377:380	WVTR	377:380	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	21	dep	properties	266:275	arg1	endurance					303:311	folding endurance	295:311	folding endurance	295:311	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	21	dep	properties	266:275	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	21	dep	properties	266:275	arg1	rate					371:374	water vapour transmission rate	345:374	water vapour transmission rate (WVTR)	345:381	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	21	dep	properties	266:275	arg1	thickness					284:292	thickness	284:292	thickness	284:292	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	6	22	theme	prepared	1009:1016	arg1	films					1032:1036	the prepared nanocomposite films	1005:1036	the prepared nanocomposite films	1005:1036	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	3	23	dep	transform	418:426	arg1	infrared					428:435	infrared	428:435	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	418:455	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to ascertain the interaction between negatively charged bentonite and positively charged chitosan.
28242331	10	24	theme	wound	1454:1458	arg1	healing					1460:1466	wound healing	1454:1466	wound healing application	1454:1478	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	8	25	theme	antibacterial	1150:1162	arg1	activity					1164:1171	the antibacterial activity	1146:1171	the antibacterial activity of the films	1146:1184	Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the films was investigated against gram positive and gram negative.
28242331	1	26	theme	solvent	192:198	arg1	method					208:213	solvent casting method	192:213	solvent casting method for wound healing application	192:243	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	9	27	theme	tested	1324:1329	arg1	bacteria					1331:1338	all the tested bacteria	1316:1338	all the tested bacteria	1316:1338	It was found that all CBN films showed good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria as compared to control.
28242331	1	28	theme	casting	200:206	arg1	method					208:213	solvent casting method	192:213	solvent casting method for wound healing application	192:243	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	4	29	theme	surface	573:579	arg1	morphology					581:590	The surface morphology	569:590	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films	569:622	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	5	30	theme	absorption	712:721	arg1	capacity					723:730	water absorption capacity	706:730	water absorption capacity	706:730	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	7	31	attach	presence	1056:1063	arg1	films					1090:1094	the said films	1081:1094	the said films	1081:1094	In addition, the presence of bentonite in the said films also increases the mechanical strength.
28242331	7	31	attach	presence	1056:1063	arg2	bentonite					1068:1076	bentonite	1068:1076	bentonite	1068:1076	In addition, the presence of bentonite in the said films also increases the mechanical strength.
28242331	7	32	from	presence	1056:1063	arg1	films					1090:1094	the said films	1081:1094	the said films	1081:1094	In addition, the presence of bentonite in the said films also increases the mechanical strength.
28242331	6	33	theme	nanocomposite	1018:1030	arg1	films					1032:1036	the prepared nanocomposite films	1005:1036	the prepared nanocomposite films	1005:1036	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	2	34	theme	absorption	320:329	arg1	capacity					331:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	34	theme	absorption	320:329	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	4	35	theme	electron	653:660	arg1	SEM					674:676	SEM	674:676	SEM	674:676	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	4	35	theme	electron	653:660	arg1	microscopy					662:671	scanning electron microscopy	644:671	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	644:677	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	2	36	theme	transmission	358:369	arg1	WVTR					377:380	WVTR	377:380	WVTR	377:380	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	36	theme	transmission	358:369	arg1	rate					371:374	water vapour transmission rate	345:374	water vapour transmission rate (WVTR)	345:381	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	36	theme	transmission	358:369	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	6	37	theme	hydrophilic	917:927	arg1	nature					929:934	strong hydrophilic nature	910:934	strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite	910:947	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	2	38	theme	physicochemical	250:264	arg1	capacity					331:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	water absorption capacity	314:338	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	38	theme	physicochemical	250:264	arg1	rate					371:374	water vapour transmission rate	345:374	water vapour transmission rate (WVTR)	345:381	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	38	theme	physicochemical	250:264	arg1	thickness					284:292	thickness	284:292	thickness	284:292	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	38	theme	physicochemical	250:264	arg1	endurance					303:311	folding endurance	295:311	folding endurance	295:311	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	38	theme	physicochemical	250:264	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	1	39	theme	wound	219:223	arg1	healing					225:231	wound healing	219:231	wound healing application	219:243	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	0	40	theme	chitosan-bentonite	36:53	arg1	characterization					16:31	characterization	16:31	characterization	16:31	Preparation and characterization of chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite films for wound healing application.
28242331	0	40	theme	chitosan-bentonite	36:53	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation and characterization of chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite films for wound healing application.
28242331	6	41	theme	strong	910:915	arg1	nature					929:934	strong hydrophilic nature	910:934	strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite	910:947	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	7	42	theme	bentonite	1068:1076	arg1	presence					1056:1063	the presence	1052:1063	the presence of bentonite in the said films	1052:1094	In addition, the presence of bentonite in the said films also increases the mechanical strength.
28242331	1	43	theme	healing	225:231	arg1	application					233:243	wound healing application	219:243	wound healing application	219:243	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	6	44	theme	films	1032:1036	arg1	capacities					991:1000	the water absorption capacities	970:1000	the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films	970:1036	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	1	45	theme	chitosan-bentonite	124:141	arg1	films					163:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	7	46	theme	mechanical	1115:1124	arg1	strength					1126:1133	the mechanical strength	1111:1133	the mechanical strength	1111:1133	In addition, the presence of bentonite in the said films also increases the mechanical strength.
28242331	1	47	theme	nanocomposite	143:155	arg1	films					163:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	6	48	theme	absorption	980:989	arg1	capacities					991:1000	the water absorption capacities	970:1000	the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films	970:1036	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	10	49	theme	above	1368:1372	arg1	analysis					1374:1381	The above analysis	1364:1381	The above analysis	1364:1381	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	2	50	theme	vapour	351:356	arg1	WVTR					377:380	WVTR	377:380	WVTR	377:380	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	50	theme	vapour	351:356	arg1	rate					371:374	water vapour transmission rate	345:374	water vapour transmission rate (WVTR)	345:381	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	2	50	theme	vapour	351:356	arg1	properties					266:275	The physicochemical properties	246:275	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films	246:394	The physicochemical properties namely thickness, folding endurance, water absorption capacity, and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) of the films were studied.
28242331	5	51	theme	water	706:710	arg1	capacity					723:730	water absorption capacity	706:730	water absorption capacity	706:730	Results showed that WVTR, water absorption capacity, thickness, and folding endurance of the CBN films were 1093±20.5-1954±51gm-2day-1, 1232±14.58-1688±18.52, 17.50±5-42.50±9.75μm, and 145.25±2.21-289.50±0.57 respectively.
28242331	10	52	used	used	1421:1424	arg2	films					1406:1410	the CBN films	1398:1410	the CBN films	1398:1410	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	10	52	used	used	1421:1424	arg2	candidates					1439:1448	potential candidates	1429:1448	potential candidates for wound healing application	1429:1478	The above analysis suggested that the CBN films could be used as potential candidates for wound healing application.
28242331	1	53	theme	CBN	158:160	arg1	films					163:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	118:167	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
28242331	0	54	theme	healing	85:91	arg1	application					93:103	wound healing application	79:103	wound healing application	79:103	Preparation and characterization of chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite films for wound healing application.
28242331	4	55	theme	scanning	644:651	arg1	SEM					674:676	SEM	674:676	SEM	674:676	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	4	55	theme	scanning	644:651	arg1	microscopy					662:671	scanning electron microscopy	644:671	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	644:677	The surface morphology of the prepared composite films was also studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
28242331	0	56	theme	wound	79:83	arg1	healing					85:91	wound healing	79:91	wound healing application	79:103	Preparation and characterization of chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite films for wound healing application.
28242331	6	57	theme	water	974:978	arg1	capacities					991:1000	the water absorption capacities	970:1000	the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films	970:1036	Due to strong hydrophilic nature of bentonite, it greatly enhances the water absorption capacities of the prepared nanocomposite films.
28242331	1	58	theme	films	163:167	arg1	series					108:113	A series	106:113	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films	106:167	A series of novel chitosan-bentonite nanocomposite (CBN) films were prepared by using solvent casting method for wound healing application.
25881175	10	0	theme	DBB	1474:1476	arg1	scaffold					1479:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	RESULTS In this study, BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold.
25881175	1	1	theme	clinical	249:256	arg1	applications					258:269	clinical applications	249:269	clinical applications	249:269	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	8	2	link	enzyme-linked	1231:1243	arg1	assay					1259:1263	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1228:1263	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit	1228:1275	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	8	2	link	enzyme-linked	1231:1243	arg1	ELISA					1266:1270	ELISA	1266:1270	ELISA	1266:1270	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	4	3	theme	cancellous	685:694	arg1	bone					696:699	bovine cancellous bone	678:699	bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia	678:742	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	8	4	theme	profile	1190:1196	arg1	quantification					1159:1172	The quantification	1155:1172	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2	1155:1205	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	8	5	theme	BMP-2	1201:1205	arg1	profile					1190:1196	the delivery profile	1177:1196	the delivery profile of BMP-2	1177:1205	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	7	6	theme	electron	1052:1059	arg1	microscopy					1061:1070	scanning electron microscopy	1043:1070	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1043:1076	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	6	theme	electron	1052:1059	arg1	SEM					1073:1075	SEM	1073:1075	SEM	1073:1075	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	13	7	theme	cell	1712:1715	arg1	assay					1725:1729	The cell culture assay	1708:1729	The cell culture assay	1708:1729	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	3	8	theme	study	548:552	arg1	purpose					525:531	The purpose	521:531	The purpose of the present study	521:552	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	4	9	theme	bovine	678:683	arg1	bone					696:699	bovine cancellous bone	678:699	bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia	678:742	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	3	10	theme	drug	577:580	arg1	system					591:596	a novel drug delivery system	569:596	a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2	569:644	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	3	10	theme	drug	577:580	arg1	capable					607:613	capable	607:613	capable	607:613	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	14	11	theme	microsphere	1819:1829	arg1	system					1840:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	8	12	theme	immunosorbent	1245:1257	arg1	assay					1259:1263	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1228:1263	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit	1228:1275	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	8	12	theme	immunosorbent	1245:1257	arg1	ELISA					1266:1270	ELISA	1266:1270	ELISA	1266:1270	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	1	13	theme	substation	141:150	arg1	grafts					152:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	13	theme	substation	141:150	arg1	tricalciumphosphate					192:210	tricalciumphosphate	192:210	tricalciumphosphate (TCP)	192:216	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	13	theme	substation	141:150	arg1	hydroxyapatite					168:181	hydroxyapatite	168:181	hydroxyapatite (HA)	168:186	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	5	14	theme	microspheres	902:913	arg1	solution					915:922	chitosan microspheres solution	893:922	chitosan microspheres solution	893:922	Then the treated DBB powders were blended with chitosan microspheres solution.
25881175	12	15	theme	growth	1657:1662	arg1	factor					1664:1669	the encapsulated growth factor	1640:1669	the encapsulated growth factor	1640:1669	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	12	15	theme	growth	1657:1662	arg1	active					1688:1693	active	1688:1693	active	1688:1693	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	0	16	theme	drug	75:78	arg1	system					89:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system	47:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres	47:122	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	5	17	theme	DBB	863:865	arg1	powders					867:873	the treated DBB powders	851:873	the treated DBB powders	851:873	Then the treated DBB powders were blended with chitosan microspheres solution.
25881175	12	18	theme	bioactivity	1608:1618	arg1	assay					1620:1624	An in vitro bioactivity assay	1596:1624	An in vitro bioactivity assay	1596:1624	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	6	19	theme	freeze	973:978	arg1	dryer					980:984	a freeze dryer	971:984	a freeze dryer to obtain the DBB/CMs scaffolds	971:1016	Finally, the composites were lyophilized with a freeze dryer to obtain the DBB/CMs scaffolds.
25881175	9	20	dep	in	1282:1283	arg1	vitro					1285:1289	vitro	1285:1289	vitro	1285:1289	The in vitro assays were to characterize the biocompatibility of this composite.
25881175	0	21	theme	chitosan	102:109	arg1	microspheres					111:122	chitosan microspheres	102:122	chitosan microspheres	102:122	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	13	22	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1696:1706	arg1	suggest					1731:1737	suggest	1731:1737	suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS	1731:1794	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	13	23	theme	BMP-2/CS	1787:1794	arg1	biocompatibility					1758:1773	the excellent biocompatibility	1744:1773	the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS	1744:1794	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	2	24	theme	dimensional	498:508	arg1	reservoir					510:518	a three dimensional reservoir	490:518	a three dimensional reservoir	490:518	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	7	25	dep	transform	1090:1098	arg1	infrared					1100:1107	infrared	1100:1107	transform infrared	1090:1107	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	2	26	theme	bone	401:404	arg1	growth					406:411	bone growth	401:411	bone growth	401:411	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	12	27	theme	in	1599:1600	arg1	assay					1620:1624	An in vitro bioactivity assay	1596:1624	An in vitro bioactivity assay	1596:1624	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	4	28	theme	fetal	716:720	arg1	femur					729:733	fetal bovine femur	716:733	fetal bovine femur	716:733	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	2	29	theme	Bone	431:434	arg1	Protein					450:456	Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2	431:458	Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2)	431:466	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	2	29	theme	Bone	431:434	arg1	BMP-2					461:465	BMP-2	461:465	BMP-2	461:465	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	13	30	theme	DBB-	1782:1785	arg1	BMP-2/CS					1787:1794	the DBB- BMP-2/CS	1778:1794	the DBB- BMP-2/CS	1778:1794	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	0	31	theme	bovine	21:26	arg1	scaffold					33:40	bovine bone scaffold	21:40	bovine bone scaffold	21:40	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	1	32	theme	BACKGROUND	125:134	arg1	grafts					152:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	32	theme	BACKGROUND	125:134	arg1	tricalciumphosphate					192:210	tricalciumphosphate	192:210	tricalciumphosphate (TCP)	192:216	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	32	theme	BACKGROUND	125:134	arg1	hydroxyapatite					168:181	hydroxyapatite	168:181	hydroxyapatite (HA)	168:186	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	3	33	theme	release	629:635	arg1	system					591:596	a novel drug delivery system	569:596	a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2	569:644	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	3	33	theme	release	629:635	arg1	capable					607:613	capable	607:613	capable	607:613	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	7	34	used	used	1122:1125	arg2	XRD					1037:1039	XRD	1037:1039	XRD	1037:1039	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	34	used	used	1122:1125	arg2	microscopy					1061:1070	scanning electron microscopy	1043:1070	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1043:1076	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	34	used	used	1122:1125	arg2	FT-IR					1110:1114	FT-IR	1110:1114	FT-IR	1110:1114	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	34	used	used	1122:1125	arg2	SEM					1073:1075	SEM	1073:1075	SEM	1073:1075	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	34	used	used	1122:1125	arg2	Fourier					1082:1088	Fourier	1082:1088	Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)	1082:1115	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	34	used	used	1122:1125	arg2	diffractor					1025:1034	X-ray diffractor	1019:1034	X-ray diffractor (XRD)	1019:1040	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	11	35	theme	initial	1531:1537	arg1	release					1545:1551	an initial burst release	1528:1551	an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release	1528:1593	The release profile of BMP-2 indicated an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release.
25881175	0	36	theme	three-dimensional	47:63	arg1	system					89:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system	47:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres	47:122	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	1	37	theme	poor	310:313	arg1	properties					330:339	poor osteoinductive properties	310:339	poor osteoinductive properties	310:339	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	38	used	used	241:244	arg2	hydroxyapatite					168:181	hydroxyapatite	168:181	hydroxyapatite (HA)	168:186	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	38	used	used	241:244	arg2	tricalciumphosphate					192:210	tricalciumphosphate	192:210	tricalciumphosphate (TCP)	192:216	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	38	used	used	241:244	arg2	grafts					152:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	10	39	theme	bovine	1461:1466	arg1	scaffold					1479:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	RESULTS In this study, BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold.
25881175	14	40	theme	engineering	1889:1899	arg1	applications					1901:1912	current tissue engineering applications	1874:1912	current tissue engineering applications	1874:1912	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	3	41	theme	BMP-2	640:644	arg1	release					629:635	controlled release	618:635	controlled release of BMP-2	618:644	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	4	42	theme	BMP-2-loaded	772:783	arg1	CS					795:796	CS	795:796	CS	795:796	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	4	42	theme	BMP-2-loaded	772:783	arg1	chitosan					785:792	1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan	764:792	1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres	764:810	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	14	43	theme	current	1874:1880	arg1	applications					1901:1912	current tissue engineering applications	1874:1912	current tissue engineering applications	1874:1912	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	11	44	theme	sustained	1577:1585	arg1	release					1587:1593	a more even sustained release	1565:1593	a more even sustained release	1565:1593	The release profile of BMP-2 indicated an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release.
25881175	13	45	theme	culture	1717:1723	arg1	assay					1725:1729	The cell culture assay	1708:1729	The cell culture assay	1708:1729	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	8	46	theme	delivery	1181:1188	arg1	profile					1190:1196	the delivery profile	1177:1196	the delivery profile of BMP-2	1177:1205	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	7	47	theme	scanning	1043:1050	arg1	microscopy					1061:1070	scanning electron microscopy	1043:1070	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1043:1076	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	47	theme	scanning	1043:1050	arg1	SEM					1073:1075	SEM	1073:1075	SEM	1073:1075	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	11	48	theme	release	1493:1499	arg1	profile					1501:1507	The release profile	1489:1507	The release profile of BMP-2	1489:1516	The release profile of BMP-2 indicated an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release.
25881175	3	49	theme	present	540:546	arg1	study					548:552	the present study	536:552	the present study	536:552	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	3	50	theme	novel	571:575	arg1	system					591:596	a novel drug delivery system	569:596	a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2	569:644	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	3	50	theme	novel	571:575	arg1	capable					607:613	capable	607:613	capable	607:613	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	14	51	theme	scaffold	1831:1838	arg1	system					1840:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	7	52	theme	X-ray	1019:1023	arg1	XRD					1037:1039	XRD	1037:1039	XRD	1037:1039	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	7	52	theme	X-ray	1019:1023	arg1	diffractor					1025:1034	X-ray diffractor	1019:1034	X-ray diffractor (XRD)	1019:1040	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	1	53	theme	Bone	136:139	arg1	grafts					152:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts	125:157	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	53	theme	Bone	136:139	arg1	tricalciumphosphate					192:210	tricalciumphosphate	192:210	tricalciumphosphate (TCP)	192:216	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	1	53	theme	Bone	136:139	arg1	hydroxyapatite					168:181	hydroxyapatite	168:181	hydroxyapatite (HA)	168:186	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	8	54	theme	enzyme-linked	1231:1243	arg1	assay					1259:1263	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1228:1263	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit	1228:1275	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	8	54	theme	enzyme-linked	1231:1243	arg1	ELISA					1266:1270	ELISA	1266:1270	ELISA	1266:1270	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	5	55	theme	chitosan	893:900	arg1	solution					915:922	chitosan microspheres solution	893:922	chitosan microspheres solution	893:922	Then the treated DBB powders were blended with chitosan microspheres solution.
25881175	6	56	theme	DBB/CMs	1000:1006	arg1	scaffolds					1008:1016	the DBB/CMs scaffolds	996:1016	the DBB/CMs scaffolds	996:1016	Finally, the composites were lyophilized with a freeze dryer to obtain the DBB/CMs scaffolds.
25881175	8	57	theme	assay	1259:1263	arg1	kit					1273:1275	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit	1228:1275	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit	1228:1275	The quantification of the delivery profile of BMP-2 was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
25881175	0	58	theme	delivery	80:87	arg1	system					89:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system	47:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres	47:122	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	3	59	theme	delivery	582:589	arg1	system					591:596	a novel drug delivery system	569:596	a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2	569:644	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	3	59	theme	delivery	582:589	arg1	capable					607:613	capable	607:613	capable	607:613	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	5	60	theme	treated	855:861	arg1	powders					867:873	the treated DBB powders	851:873	the treated DBB powders	851:873	Then the treated DBB powders were blended with chitosan microspheres solution.
25881175	12	61	theme	encapsulated	1644:1655	arg1	factor					1664:1669	the encapsulated growth factor	1640:1669	the encapsulated growth factor	1640:1669	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	12	61	theme	encapsulated	1644:1655	arg1	active					1688:1693	active	1688:1693	active	1688:1693	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	7	62	dep	Fourier	1082:1088	arg1	transform					1090:1098	transform	1090:1098	transform infrared	1090:1107	X-ray diffractor (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were used to characterize the sample.
25881175	10	63	theme	BMP-2/Chitosan	1382:1395	arg1	microspheres					1402:1413	BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres	1382:1413	BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres	1382:1413	RESULTS In this study, BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold.
25881175	14	64	theme	novel	1813:1817	arg1	system					1840:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	2	65	theme	Morphogenetic	436:448	arg1	Protein					450:456	Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2	431:458	Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2)	431:466	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	2	65	theme	Morphogenetic	436:448	arg1	BMP-2					461:465	BMP-2	461:465	BMP-2	461:465	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	0	66	theme	bone	28:31	arg1	scaffold					33:40	bovine bone scaffold	21:40	bovine bone scaffold	21:40	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	9	67	theme	in	1282:1283	arg1	assays					1291:1296	The in vitro assays	1278:1296	The in vitro assays	1278:1296	The in vitro assays were to characterize the biocompatibility of this composite.
25881175	3	68	theme	controlled	618:627	arg1	release					629:635	controlled release	618:635	controlled release of BMP-2	618:644	The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel drug delivery system which is capable of controlled release of BMP-2.
25881175	4	69	theme	bovine	722:727	arg1	femur					729:733	fetal bovine femur	716:733	fetal bovine femur	716:733	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	14	70	used	used	1866:1869	arg2	system					1840:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	this novel microsphere scaffold system	1808:1845	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	2	71	theme	such	418:421	arg1	grafts					423:428	such grafts	418:428	such grafts	418:428	In order to increase bone growth with such grafts, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) was incorporated into a three dimensional reservoir.
25881175	4	72	theme	chitosan	785:792	arg1	microspheres					799:810	1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres	764:810	1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres	764:810	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	0	73	theme	localized	65:73	arg1	system					89:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system	47:94	three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres	47:122	Porous deproteinized bovine bone scaffold with three-dimensional localized drug delivery system using chitosan microspheres.
25881175	13	74	dep	suggest	1731:1737	arg1	biocompatibility					1758:1773	the excellent biocompatibility	1744:1773	the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS	1744:1794	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	10	75	theme	bone	1468:1471	arg1	scaffold					1479:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	RESULTS In this study, BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold.
25881175	11	76	theme	BMP-2	1512:1516	arg1	profile					1501:1507	The release profile	1489:1507	The release profile of BMP-2	1489:1516	The release profile of BMP-2 indicated an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release.
25881175	10	77	dep	RESULTS	1359:1365	arg1	loaded					1433:1438	loaded	1433:1438	were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1415:1486	RESULTS In this study, BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold.
25881175	1	78	theme	osteoinductive	315:328	arg1	properties					330:339	poor osteoinductive properties	310:339	poor osteoinductive properties	310:339	BACKGROUND Bone substation grafts, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalciumphosphate (TCP), have been extensively used in clinical applications, but evidence suggests that they offer poor osteoinductive properties compared to allografts and autografts.
25881175	4	79	dep	METHODS	647:653	arg1	prepared					664:671	prepared	664:671	prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia	664:742	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	4	79	dep	METHODS	647:653	arg1	sinting					753:759	sinting	753:759	then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres	748:810	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	10	80	theme	deproteinized	1447:1459	arg1	scaffold					1479:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold	1445:1486	RESULTS In this study, BMP-2/Chitosan (CS) microspheres were successively loaded onto a deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) scaffold.
25881175	12	81	dep	in	1599:1600	arg1	vitro					1602:1606	vitro	1602:1606	vitro	1602:1606	An in vitro bioactivity assay revealed that the encapsulated growth factor was biologically active.
25881175	14	82	theme	tissue	1882:1887	arg1	applications					1901:1912	current tissue engineering applications	1874:1912	current tissue engineering applications	1874:1912	Therefore, this novel microsphere scaffold system can be effectively used in current tissue engineering applications.
25881175	13	83	theme	excellent	1748:1756	arg1	biocompatibility					1758:1773	the excellent biocompatibility	1744:1773	the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS	1744:1794	CONCLUSIONS The cell culture assay suggest that the excellent biocompatibility of the DBB- BMP-2/CS.
25881175	11	84	theme	even	1572:1575	arg1	release					1587:1593	a more even sustained release	1565:1593	a more even sustained release	1565:1593	The release profile of BMP-2 indicated an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release.
25881175	4	85	theme	1000°C.	764:770	arg1	CS					795:796	CS	795:796	CS	795:796	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	4	85	theme	1000°C.	764:770	arg1	chitosan					785:792	1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan	764:792	1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres	764:810	METHODS DBB were prepared from bovine cancellous bone harvested from fetal bovine femur or tibia and then sinting at 1000°C. BMP-2-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres were fabricated by cross-linking.
25881175	11	86	theme	burst	1539:1543	arg1	release					1545:1551	an initial burst release	1528:1551	an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release	1528:1593	The release profile of BMP-2 indicated an initial burst release followed by a more even sustained release.
25881175	9	87	theme	composite	1348:1356	arg1	biocompatibility					1323:1338	the biocompatibility	1319:1338	the biocompatibility of this composite	1319:1356	The in vitro assays were to characterize the biocompatibility of this composite.
26826288	0	0	theme	novel	49:53	arg1	2+					101:102	2+	101:102	2+	101:102	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	0	0	theme	novel	49:53	arg1	Pb					98:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb	47:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+)	47:103	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	8	1	theme	cations	854:860	arg1	coefficient					816:826	The selectivity coefficient	800:826	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO	800:873	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	1	2	theme	novel	108:112	arg1	chitosan					124:131	A novel, magnetic chitosan	106:131	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide	106:172	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	1	3	theme	Pb	274:275	arg1	removal					263:269	removal	263:269	removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions	263:302	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	1	3	theme	Pb	274:275	arg1	adsorption					248:257	adsorption	248:257	adsorption	248:257	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	7	4	theme	adsorption	778:787	arg1	isotherms					789:797	Langmuir adsorption isotherms	769:797	Langmuir adsorption isotherms	769:797	Adsorption process could be well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms.
26826288	0	5	theme	chitosan/graphene	64:80	arg1	2+					101:102	2+	101:102	2+	101:102	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	0	5	theme	chitosan/graphene	64:80	arg1	Pb					98:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb	47:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+)	47:103	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	8	6	theme	overall	888:894	arg1	higher					934:939	higher	934:939	higher	934:939	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	8	6	theme	overall	888:894	arg1	preference					896:905	an overall preference	885:905	an overall preference	885:905	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	3	7	theme	adsorption	454:463	arg1	selectivity					477:487	selectivity	477:487	selectivity	477:487	Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption conditions, selectivity and reusability.
26826288	3	7	theme	adsorption	454:463	arg1	conditions					465:474	the adsorption conditions	450:474	the adsorption conditions	450:474	Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption conditions, selectivity and reusability.
26826288	3	7	theme	adsorption	454:463	arg1	reusability					493:503	reusability	493:503	reusability	493:503	Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption conditions, selectivity and reusability.
26826288	9	8	theme	adsorption	1031:1040	arg1	capacity					1102:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	9	8	theme	adsorption	1031:1040	arg1	capacity					1042:1049	the adsorption capacity	1027:1049	the adsorption capacity	1027:1049	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	9	8	theme	adsorption	1031:1040	arg1	%					1063:1063	about 90%	1055:1063	about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1055:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	0	9	theme	magnetic	55:62	arg1	2+					101:102	2+	101:102	2+	101:102	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	0	9	theme	magnetic	55:62	arg1	Pb					98:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb	47:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+)	47:103	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	1	10	from	solutions	294:302	arg1	removal					263:269	removal	263:269	removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions	263:302	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	1	10	from	solutions	294:302	arg1	adsorption					248:257	adsorption	248:257	adsorption	248:257	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	6	11	theme	order	707:711	arg1	equation					713:720	a pseudo-second order equation	691:720	a pseudo-second order equation	691:720	The kinetic data could be fitted with a pseudo-second order equation.
26826288	8	12	theme	Pb	831:832	arg1	coefficient					816:826	The selectivity coefficient	800:826	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO	800:873	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	0	13	theme	imprinted	88:96	arg1	2+					101:102	2+	101:102	2+	101:102	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	0	13	theme	imprinted	88:96	arg1	Pb					98:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb	47:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+)	47:103	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	6	14	theme	pseudo-second	693:705	arg1	equation					713:720	a pseudo-second order equation	691:720	a pseudo-second order equation	691:720	The kinetic data could be fitted with a pseudo-second order equation.
26826288	7	15	theme	Langmuir	769:776	arg1	isotherms					789:797	Langmuir adsorption isotherms	769:797	Langmuir adsorption isotherms	769:797	Adsorption process could be well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms.
26826288	0	16	theme	oxide	82:86	arg1	2+					101:102	2+	101:102	2+	101:102	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	0	16	theme	oxide	82:86	arg1	Pb					98:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb	47:99	a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+)	47:103	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	2	17	theme	SEM	362:364	arg1	measurements					380:391	SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements	362:391	SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements	362:391	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent was characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements.
26826288	1	18	dep	novel	108:112	arg1	magnetic					115:122	magnetic	115:122	magnetic	115:122	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	4	19	located	observed	575:582	arg1	303K					596:599	303K	596:599	303K	596:599	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	4	19	located	observed	575:582	arg2	capacity					553:560	the maximum adsorption capacity	530:560	the maximum adsorption capacity	530:560	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	4	19	located	observed	575:582	arg2	mg/g					569:572	79 mg/g	566:572	79 mg/g	566:572	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	4	19	located	observed	575:582	arg1	pH					587:588	pH 5	587:590	pH 5	587:590	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	5	20	theme	Equilibrium	602:612	arg1	adsorption					614:623	Equilibrium adsorption	602:623	Equilibrium adsorption	602:623	Equilibrium adsorption was achieved within 40 min.
26826288	9	21	theme	initial	1072:1078	arg1	capacity					1102:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	8	22	theme	selectivity	804:814	arg1	coefficient					816:826	The selectivity coefficient	800:826	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO	800:873	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	9	23	theme	adsorption	1091:1100	arg1	capacity					1102:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	0	24	theme	Pb	11:12	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).	0:104	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	8	25	theme	non-imprinted	946:958	arg1	beads					965:969	non-imprinted MCGO beads	946:969	non-imprinted MCGO beads	946:969	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	9	26	theme	saturation	1080:1089	arg1	capacity					1102:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	7	27	theme	Adsorption	723:732	arg1	process					734:740	Adsorption process	723:740	Adsorption process	723:740	Adsorption process could be well described by Langmuir adsorption isotherms.
26826288	2	28	theme	composite	318:326	arg1	bioadsorbent					328:339	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent	305:339	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent	305:339	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent was characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements.
26826288	2	29	theme	XRD	376:378	arg1	measurements					380:391	SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements	362:391	SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements	362:391	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent was characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements.
26826288	1	30	theme	aqueous	286:292	arg1	solutions					294:302	aqueous solutions	286:302	aqueous solutions	286:302	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	2	31	theme	magnetic	309:316	arg1	bioadsorbent					328:339	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent	305:339	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent	305:339	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent was characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements.
26826288	9	32	theme	capacity	1102:1109	arg1	capacity					1102:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1068:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	9	32	theme	capacity	1102:1109	arg1	capacity					1042:1049	the adsorption capacity	1027:1049	the adsorption capacity	1027:1049	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	9	32	theme	capacity	1102:1109	arg1	%					1063:1063	about 90%	1055:1063	about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity	1055:1109	Moreover, the sorbent was stable and easily recovered, the adsorption capacity was about 90% of the initial saturation adsorption capacity after being used five times.
26826288	1	33	theme	graphene	159:166	arg1	oxide					168:172	graphene oxide	159:172	graphene oxide	159:172	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	0	34	theme	water	23:27	arg1	environment					29:39	water environment	23:39	water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+)	23:103	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	1	35	theme	imprinted	229:237	arg1	Pb					219:220	Pb	219:220	Pb(2+)	219:224	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	1	35	theme	imprinted	229:237	arg1	ions					239:242	imprinted ions	229:242	imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions	229:302	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	0	36	from	environment	29:39	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).	0:104	Removal of Pb(2+) from water environment using a novel magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide imprinted Pb(2+).
26826288	3	37	theme	Batch	394:398	arg1	experiments					411:421	Batch adsorption experiments	394:421	Batch adsorption experiments	394:421	Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption conditions, selectivity and reusability.
26826288	8	38	theme	MCGO	960:963	arg1	beads					965:969	non-imprinted MCGO beads	946:969	non-imprinted MCGO beads	946:969	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	1	39	dep	synthesized	201:211	arg1	Pb-MCGO					179:185	Pb-MCGO	179:185	Pb-MCGO	179:185	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	6	40	theme	kinetic	657:663	arg1	data					665:668	The kinetic data	653:668	The kinetic data	653:668	The kinetic data could be fitted with a pseudo-second order equation.
26826288	3	41	theme	adsorption	400:409	arg1	experiments					411:421	Batch adsorption experiments	394:421	Batch adsorption experiments	394:421	Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the adsorption conditions, selectivity and reusability.
26826288	1	42	theme	oxide	168:172	arg1	surface					148:154	the surface	144:154	the surface of graphene oxide	144:172	A novel, magnetic chitosan coating on the surface of graphene oxide was (Pb-MCGO) successfully synthesized using Pb(2+) as imprinted ions for adsorption and removal of Pb(2+) from aqueous solutions.
26826288	8	43	theme	metal	848:852	arg1	cations					854:860	other metal cations	842:860	other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO	842:873	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	8	44	theme	other	842:846	arg1	cations					854:860	other metal cations	842:860	other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO	842:873	The selectivity coefficient of Pb(2+) and other metal cations onto Pb-MCGO indicated an overall preference for Pb(2+), which was much higher than non-imprinted MCGO beads.
26826288	4	45	theme	adsorption	542:551	arg1	capacity					553:560	the maximum adsorption capacity	530:560	the maximum adsorption capacity	530:560	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	4	45	theme	adsorption	542:551	arg1	mg/g					569:572	79 mg/g	566:572	79 mg/g	566:572	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	2	46	theme	FTIR	367:370	arg1	measurements					380:391	SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements	362:391	SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements	362:391	The magnetic composite bioadsorbent was characterized by SEM, FTIR and XRD measurements.
26826288	4	47	theme	maximum	534:540	arg1	capacity					553:560	the maximum adsorption capacity	530:560	the maximum adsorption capacity	530:560	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
26826288	4	47	theme	maximum	534:540	arg1	mg/g					569:572	79 mg/g	566:572	79 mg/g	566:572	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity was 79 mg/g, observed at pH 5 and 303K.
27826024	11	0	from	knowledge	2001:2009	arg1	effects					2018:2024	the effects	2014:2024	the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties	2014:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	10	1	theme	mineralized	1699:1709	arg1	tissue					1711:1716	either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue	1659:1716	tissue	1711:1716	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	5	2	from	strength	683:690	arg1	women					710:714	postmenopausal women	695:714	postmenopausal women	695:714	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	2	3	theme	mineral	253:259	arg1	properties					239:248	the properties	235:248	the properties of mineral and matrix	235:270	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	2	3	theme	mineral	253:259	arg1	contributor					284:294	a major contributor	276:294	a major contributor	276:294	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	5	4	theme	ovarian	587:593	arg1	hormones					595:602	ovarian hormones	587:602	ovarian hormones	587:602	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	1	5	theme	mineral	174:180	arg1	matrix					182:187	the organic and mineral matrix	158:187	the organic and mineral matrix	158:187	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	11	6	theme	better	2114:2119	arg1	understanding					2121:2133	a better understanding	2112:2133	a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis	2112:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	10	7	theme	mineral	1767:1773	arg1	accumulation					1775:1786	subsequent mineral accumulation	1756:1786	subsequent mineral accumulation	1756:1786	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	11	8	theme	local	2058:2062	arg1	properties					2078:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	7	9	theme	pyridinoline	1054:1065	arg1	contents					1067:1074	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	contents	1067:1074	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	2	10	theme	matrix	265:270	arg1	properties					239:248	the properties	235:248	the properties of mineral and matrix	235:270	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	2	10	theme	matrix	265:270	arg1	contributor					284:294	a major contributor	276:294	a major contributor	276:294	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	7	11	theme	Raman	799:803	arg1	analysis					824:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis	799:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis	799:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	11	theme	Raman	799:803	arg1	function					852:859	a function	850:859	a function of tissue age	850:873	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	1	12	theme	bone	128:131	arg1	tissue					133:138	bone tissue	128:138	bone tissue	128:138	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	11	13	theme	depletion	2045:2053	arg1	effects					2018:2024	the effects	2014:2024	the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties	2014:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	11	14	theme	bone	1966:1969	arg1	compartments					1971:1982	the cortical bone compartments	1953:1982	the cortical bone compartments	1953:1982	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	8	15	theme	periosteal	1425:1434	arg1	surfaces					1463:1470	periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces	1425:1470	periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces	1425:1470	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	9	16	dep	periosteal	1536:1545	arg1	endosteal					1558:1566	endosteal	1558:1566	endosteal	1558:1566	Ovarian hormone depletion affects the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal) differently.
27826024	9	16	dep	periosteal	1536:1545	arg1	osteonal					1548:1555	osteonal	1548:1555	osteonal	1548:1555	Ovarian hormone depletion affects the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal) differently.
27826024	10	17	theme	hormone	1596:1602	arg1	depletion					1604:1612	ovarian hormone depletion	1588:1612	ovarian hormone depletion	1588:1612	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	5	18	theme	tissue	640:645	arg1	quality					647:653	tissue quality	640:653	tissue quality	640:653	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	7	19	theme	mineral/matrix	988:1001	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	19	theme	mineral/matrix	988:1001	arg1	ratio					1003:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	9	20	theme	Ovarian	1473:1479	arg1	depletion					1489:1497	Ovarian hormone depletion	1473:1497	Ovarian hormone depletion	1473:1497	Ovarian hormone depletion affects the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal) differently.
27826024	11	21	theme	bone	2073:2076	arg1	properties					2078:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	8	22	theme	osteonal	1440:1447	arg1	surfaces					1463:1470	periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces	1425:1470	periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces	1425:1470	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	8	23	theme	mineral	1279:1285	arg1	characteristics					1306:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	1	24	theme	tissue	133:138	arg1	properties					114:123	The physical properties	101:123	The physical properties of bone tissue	101:138	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	11	25	theme	postmenopausal	2202:2215	arg1	osteoporosis					2217:2228	postmenopausal osteoporosis	2202:2228	postmenopausal osteoporosis	2202:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	8	26	theme	endosteal	1453:1461	arg1	surfaces					1463:1470	periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces	1425:1470	periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces	1425:1470	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	8	27	theme	organic	1291:1297	arg1	characteristics					1306:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	7	28	theme	bone	957:960	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	28	theme	bone	957:960	arg1	ratio					1003:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	28	theme	bone	957:960	arg1	maturity/crystallinity					1089:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	28	theme	bone	957:960	arg1	lipid					1043:1047	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	lipid	1043:1047	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	11	29	theme	ovarian	2029:2035	arg1	depletion					2045:2053	ovarian hormone depletion	2029:2053	ovarian hormone depletion	2029:2053	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	0	30	theme	skeletal	81:88	arg1	envelopes					90:98	different skeletal envelopes	71:98	different skeletal envelopes	71:98	Ovarian hormone depletion affects cortical bone quality differently on different skeletal envelopes.
27826024	1	31	theme	organic	162:168	arg1	matrix					182:187	the organic and mineral matrix	158:187	the organic and mineral matrix	158:187	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	10	32	dep	tissue	1711:1716	arg1	either					1659:1664	either	1659:1664	either	1659:1664	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	5	33	theme	postmenopausal	695:708	arg1	women					710:714	postmenopausal women	695:714	postmenopausal women	695:714	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	5	34	theme	adaptive	566:573	arg1	response					575:582	their tissue adaptive response	553:582	their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones	553:602	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	7	35	theme	double	921:926	arg1	labels					928:933	multiple fluorescent double labels	900:933	multiple fluorescent double labels	900:933	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	3	36	theme	Cortical	340:347	arg1	quality					354:360	Cortical bone quality	340:360	Cortical bone quality	340:360	Cortical bone quality may differ regionally on the three skeletal envelopes that compose it.
27826024	0	37	theme	Ovarian	0:6	arg1	depletion					16:24	Ovarian hormone depletion	0:24	Ovarian hormone depletion	0:24	Ovarian hormone depletion affects cortical bone quality differently on different skeletal envelopes.
27826024	7	38	theme	multiple	900:907	arg1	labels					928:933	multiple fluorescent double labels	900:933	multiple fluorescent double labels	900:933	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	11	39	theme	location	2142:2149	arg1	action					2160:2165	the location specific action	2138:2165	the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis	2138:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	11	40	theme	compartments	1971:1982	arg1	complexity					1939:1948	the complexity	1935:1948	the complexity of the cortical bone compartments	1935:1982	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	8	41	theme	matrix	1359:1364	arg1	modifications					1366:1378	mineral and organic matrix modifications	1339:1378	mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age	1339:1406	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	10	42	theme	osteoid	1670:1676	arg1	tissue					1711:1716	either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue	1659:1716	tissue	1711:1716	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	6	43	from	monkeys	741:747	arg1	humeri					729:734	humeri	729:734	humeri from monkeys that were either SHAM-operated or ovariectomized	729:796	We analyzed humeri from monkeys that were either SHAM-operated or ovariectomized.
27826024	0	44	theme	cortical	34:41	arg1	quality					48:54	cortical bone quality	34:54	cortical bone quality	34:54	Ovarian hormone depletion affects cortical bone quality differently on different skeletal envelopes.
27826024	7	45	theme	osteonal	1145:1152	arg1	surfaces					1169:1176	periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces	1133:1176	periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces	1133:1176	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	11	46	theme	drugs	2170:2174	arg1	action					2160:2165	the location specific action	2138:2165	the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis	2138:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	10	47	theme	matrix	1824:1829	arg1	modifications					1831:1843	organic matrix modifications	1816:1843	organic matrix modifications	1816:1843	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	7	48	theme	periosteal	1133:1142	arg1	surfaces					1169:1176	periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces	1133:1176	periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces	1133:1176	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	49	theme	mineral	1081:1087	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	49	theme	mineral	1081:1087	arg1	maturity/crystallinity					1089:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	11	50	from	effects	2018:2024	arg1	properties					2078:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	4	51	theme	ovarian	488:494	arg1	depletion					504:512	ovarian hormone depletion	488:512	ovarian hormone depletion	488:512	Each of these envelopes may be affected differently by ovarian hormone depletion.
27826024	8	52	theme	tissue	1397:1402	arg1	age					1404:1406	tissue age	1397:1406	tissue age	1397:1406	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	10	53	theme	tissue	1711:1716	arg1	quality					1648:1654	the quality	1644:1654	the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue	1644:1716	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	7	54	dep	lipid	1043:1047	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					1024:1040	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	glycosaminoglycan	1024:1040	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	2	55	theme	bone	329:332	arg1	mass					334:337	bone mass	329:337	bone mass	329:337	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	1	56	theme	quality	217:223	arg1	aspect					202:207	one aspect	198:207	one aspect of bone quality	198:223	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	2	57	theme	independent	314:324	arg1	contributor					284:294	a major contributor	276:294	a major contributor	276:294	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	2	57	theme	independent	314:324	arg1	properties					239:248	the properties	235:248	the properties of mineral and matrix	235:270	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	7	58	theme	ovarian	1218:1224	arg1	depletion					1234:1242	ovarian hormone depletion	1218:1242	ovarian hormone depletion	1218:1242	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	10	59	theme	interstitial	1892:1903	arg1	bone					1905:1908	interstitial bone	1892:1908	interstitial bone	1892:1908	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	7	60	theme	tissue	864:869	arg1	age					871:873	tissue age	864:873	tissue age	864:873	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	2	61	theme	major	278:282	arg1	contributor					284:294	a major contributor	276:294	a major contributor	276:294	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	2	61	theme	major	278:282	arg1	properties					239:248	the properties	235:248	the properties of mineral and matrix	235:270	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	11	62	theme	action	2160:2165	arg1	understanding					2121:2133	a better understanding	2112:2133	a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis	2112:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	11	63	theme	existing	1992:1999	arg1	knowledge					2001:2009	existing knowledge	1992:2009	existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties	1992:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	6	64	dep	either	759:764	arg1	SHAM-operated					766:778	SHAM-operated	766:778	SHAM-operated	766:778	We analyzed humeri from monkeys that were either SHAM-operated or ovariectomized.
27826024	10	65	theme	ovarian	1588:1594	arg1	depletion					1604:1612	ovarian hormone depletion	1588:1612	ovarian hormone depletion	1588:1612	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	10	66	theme	accumulation	1775:1786	arg1	rate					1748:1751	the rate	1744:1751	the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications	1744:1843	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	10	67	theme	subsequent	1756:1765	arg1	accumulation					1775:1786	subsequent mineral accumulation	1756:1786	subsequent mineral accumulation	1756:1786	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	11	68	theme	hormone	2037:2043	arg1	depletion					2045:2053	ovarian hormone depletion	2029:2053	ovarian hormone depletion	2029:2053	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	11	69	theme	cortical	2064:2071	arg1	properties					2078:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	local cortical bone properties	2058:2087	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	9	70	theme	cortical	1517:1524	arg1	surfaces					1526:1533	the three cortical surfaces	1507:1533	the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal)	1507:1567	Ovarian hormone depletion affects the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal) differently.
27826024	5	71	theme	bone	678:681	arg1	strength					683:690	overall bone strength	670:690	overall bone strength in postmenopausal women	670:714	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	11	72	theme	cortical	1957:1964	arg1	compartments					1971:1982	the cortical bone compartments	1953:1982	the cortical bone compartments	1953:1982	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	7	73	theme	microspectroscopic	805:822	arg1	analysis					824:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis	799:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis	799:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	73	theme	microspectroscopic	805:822	arg1	function					852:859	a function	850:859	a function of tissue age	850:873	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	74	theme	tissue	1010:1015	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	74	theme	tissue	1010:1015	arg1	lipid					1043:1047	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	lipid	1043:1047	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	75	theme	water	1017:1021	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	75	theme	water	1017:1021	arg1	lipid					1043:1047	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	lipid	1043:1047	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	10	76	theme	organic	1816:1822	arg1	modifications					1831:1843	organic matrix modifications	1816:1843	organic matrix modifications	1816:1843	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	9	77	theme	hormone	1481:1487	arg1	depletion					1489:1497	Ovarian hormone depletion	1473:1497	Ovarian hormone depletion	1473:1497	Ovarian hormone depletion affects the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal) differently.
27826024	0	78	theme	different	71:79	arg1	envelopes					90:98	different skeletal envelopes	71:98	different skeletal envelopes	71:98	Ovarian hormone depletion affects cortical bone quality differently on different skeletal envelopes.
27826024	10	79	theme	kinetics	1804:1811	arg1	rate					1748:1751	the rate	1744:1751	the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications	1744:1843	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	11	80	theme	osteoporosis	2217:2228	arg1	management					2188:2197	the management	2184:2197	the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis	2184:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	7	81	theme	compositional	962:974	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	81	theme	compositional	962:974	arg1	ratio					1003:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	81	theme	compositional	962:974	arg1	maturity/crystallinity					1089:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	81	theme	compositional	962:974	arg1	lipid					1043:1047	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	lipid	1043:1047	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	5	82	theme	overall	670:676	arg1	strength					683:690	overall bone strength	670:690	overall bone strength in postmenopausal women	670:714	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	8	83	theme	matrix	1299:1304	arg1	characteristics					1306:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	8	84	from	surfaces	1463:1470	arg1	different					1412:1420	different	1412:1420	different	1412:1420	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	5	85	theme	tissue	559:564	arg1	response					575:582	their tissue adaptive response	553:582	their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones	553:602	Identifying how these regions vary in their tissue adaptive response to ovarian hormones can inform our understanding of how tissue quality contributes to overall bone strength in postmenopausal women.
27826024	9	86	theme	periosteal	1536:1545	arg1	surfaces					1526:1533	the three cortical surfaces	1507:1533	the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal)	1507:1567	Ovarian hormone depletion affects the three cortical surfaces (periosteal, osteonal, endosteal) differently.
27826024	3	87	theme	skeletal	397:404	arg1	envelopes					406:414	the three skeletal envelopes	387:414	the three skeletal envelopes that compose it	387:430	Cortical bone quality may differ regionally on the three skeletal envelopes that compose it.
27826024	0	88	theme	hormone	8:14	arg1	depletion					16:24	Ovarian hormone depletion	0:24	Ovarian hormone depletion	0:24	Ovarian hormone depletion affects cortical bone quality differently on different skeletal envelopes.
27826024	7	89	theme	labels	928:933	arg1	presence					888:895	the presence	884:895	the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels	884:933	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	3	90	theme	bone	349:352	arg1	quality					354:360	Cortical bone quality	340:360	Cortical bone quality	340:360	Cortical bone quality may differ regionally on the three skeletal envelopes that compose it.
27826024	8	91	theme	mineral	1339:1345	arg1	modifications					1366:1378	mineral and organic matrix modifications	1339:1378	mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age	1339:1406	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	2	92	theme	mass	334:337	arg1	independent					314:324	independent	314:324	independent	314:324	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	7	93	theme	fluorescent	909:919	arg1	labels					928:933	multiple fluorescent double labels	900:933	multiple fluorescent double labels	900:933	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	1	94	theme	physical	105:112	arg1	properties					114:123	The physical properties	101:123	The physical properties of bone tissue	101:138	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	11	95	theme	specific	2151:2158	arg1	action					2160:2165	the location specific action	2138:2165	the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis	2138:2228	These results highlight the complexity of the cortical bone compartments, add to existing knowledge on the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on local cortical bone properties, and may contribute to a better understanding of the location specific action of drugs used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
27826024	8	96	theme	organic	1351:1357	arg1	modifications					1366:1378	mineral and organic matrix modifications	1339:1378	mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age	1339:1406	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	7	97	dep	properties	976:985	arg1	properties					976:985	bone compositional properties	957:985	bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity)	957:1111	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	97	dep	properties	976:985	arg1	ratio					1003:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	mineral/matrix ratio	988:1007	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	97	dep	properties	976:985	arg1	maturity/crystallinity					1089:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	mineral maturity/crystallinity	1081:1110	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	97	dep	properties	976:985	arg1	lipid					1043:1047	tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents	1010:1074	lipid	1043:1047	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	0	98	theme	bone	43:46	arg1	quality					48:54	cortical bone quality	34:54	cortical bone quality	34:54	Ovarian hormone depletion affects cortical bone quality differently on different skeletal envelopes.
27826024	10	99	theme	modifications	1831:1843	arg1	kinetics					1804:1811	the kinetics	1800:1811	the kinetics of organic matrix modifications	1800:1843	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	10	99	theme	modifications	1831:1843	arg1	accumulation					1775:1786	subsequent mineral accumulation	1756:1786	subsequent mineral accumulation	1756:1786	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	8	100	theme	modifications	1366:1378	arg1	kinetics					1327:1334	kinetics	1327:1334	kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age	1327:1406	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	8	100	theme	modifications	1366:1378	arg1	characteristics					1306:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	matrix characteristics	1299:1320	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	4	101	theme	hormone	496:502	arg1	depletion					504:512	ovarian hormone depletion	488:512	ovarian hormone depletion	488:512	Each of these envelopes may be affected differently by ovarian hormone depletion.
27826024	2	102	theme	bone	299:302	arg1	strength					304:311	bone strength	299:311	bone strength	299:311	As such, the properties of mineral and matrix are a major contributor to bone strength, independent of bone mass.
27826024	10	103	theme	significant	1861:1871	arg1	differences					1873:1883	significant differences	1861:1883	significant differences within interstitial bone	1861:1908	While ovarian hormone depletion does not significantly affect the quality of either the osteoid or the most recently mineralized tissue, it significantly affects the rate of subsequent mineral accumulation, as well as the kinetics of organic matrix modifications, culminating in significant differences within interstitial bone.
27826024	1	104	theme	bone	212:215	arg1	quality					217:223	bone quality	212:223	bone quality	212:223	The physical properties of bone tissue are determined by the organic and mineral matrix, and are one aspect of bone quality.
27826024	7	105	theme	hormone	1226:1232	arg1	depletion					1234:1242	ovarian hormone depletion	1218:1242	ovarian hormone depletion	1218:1242	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	8	106	theme	age	1404:1406	arg1	function					1385:1392	a function	1383:1392	a function of tissue age	1383:1406	The results indicate that mineral and organic matrix characteristics, and kinetics of mineral and organic matrix modifications as a function of tissue age are different at periosteal vs. osteonal and endosteal surfaces.
27826024	7	107	theme	endosteal	1159:1167	arg1	surfaces					1169:1176	periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces	1133:1176	periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces	1133:1176	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	108	theme	age	871:873	arg1	analysis					824:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis	799:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis	799:831	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
27826024	7	108	theme	age	871:873	arg1	function					852:859	a function	850:859	a function of tissue age	850:873	Raman microspectroscopic analysis was performed as a function of tissue age based on the presence of multiple fluorescent double labels, to determine whether bone compositional properties (mineral/matrix ratio, tissue water, glycosaminoglycan, lipid, and pyridinoline contents, and mineral maturity/crystallinity) are similar between periosteal, osteonal, and endosteal surfaces, as well as to determine the effects of ovarian hormone depletion on them.
25612313	8	0	theme	electrochemical	1190:1204	arg1	spectroscopy					1216:1227	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	1190:1227	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	1190:1233	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	0	theme	electrochemical	1190:1204	arg1	EIS					1230:1232	EIS	1230:1232	EIS	1230:1232	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	11	1	theme	high	1867:1870	arg1	porosity					1872:1879	The high porosity	1863:1879	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels	1863:1915	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	14	2	theme	response	2404:2411	arg1	time					2413:2416	response time	2404:2416	response time	2404:2416	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	9	3	theme	μA	1427:1428	arg1	mM					1430:1431	0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM	1402:1431	mM	1430:1431	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	14	4	from	range	2294:2298	arg1	literature					2334:2343	the literature	2330:2343	the literature	2330:2343	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	5	5	theme	chitosan	737:744	arg1	PNIPAAM					774:780	PNIPAAM	774:780	PNIPAAM	774:780	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	5	5	theme	chitosan	737:744	arg1	poly-N-isopropylacrylamide					746:771	chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide	737:771	chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM)	737:781	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	6	6	theme	AOx-catalyzed	968:980	arg1	oxidation					982:990	AOx-catalyzed oxidation	968:990	AOx-catalyzed oxidation of methanol to produce hydrogen peroxide	968:1031	The transduction mechanism for the biosensor was based on AOx-catalyzed oxidation of methanol to produce hydrogen peroxide.
25612313	2	7	theme	other	304:308	arg1	techniques					325:334	other immobilization techniques	304:334	other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding	304:377	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	2	7	theme	other	304:308	arg1	cross					344:348	cross linking	344:356	cross linking	344:356	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	2	7	theme	other	304:308	arg1	bonding					371:377	covalent bonding	362:377	covalent bonding	362:377	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	1	8	theme	biosensing	189:198	arg1	applications					200:211	biosensing applications	189:211	biosensing applications	189:211	Hydrogels have become increasingly popular as immobilization materials for cells, enzymes and proteins for biosensing applications.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	sensitivity					1236:1246	sensitivity	1236:1246	sensitivity to methanol	1236:1258	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	area					1178:1181	Electroactive surface area	1156:1181	Electroactive surface area (ESA)	1156:1187	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	limit					1276:1280	limit	1276:1280	limit of detection	1276:1293	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	spectroscopy					1216:1227	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	1190:1227	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	1190:1233	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	EIS					1230:1232	EIS	1230:1232	EIS	1230:1232	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	ESA					1184:1186	ESA	1184:1186	ESA	1184:1186	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	time					1270:1273	response time	1261:1273	response time	1261:1273	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	9	theme	detection	1285:1293	arg1	life					1306:1309	shelf life	1300:1309	shelf life	1300:1309	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	2	10	theme	linking	350:356	arg1	cross					344:348	cross linking	344:356	cross linking	344:356	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	5	11	theme	silk	784:787	arg1	fibroin					789:795	silk fibroin	784:795	silk fibroin	784:795	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	12	12	theme	gel	2107:2109	arg1	stability					2111:2119	poor gel stability	2102:2119	poor gel stability	2102:2119	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	5	13	theme	modified	890:897	arg1	electrode					899:907	a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode	866:907	a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode	866:907	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	7	14	theme	biosensor	1083:1091	arg1	behavior					1093:1100	biosensor behavior	1083:1100	biosensor behavior	1083:1100	To isolate the effect(s) of stimulus response on biosensor behavior, all experiments were conducted at 25 °C and pH 7.10.
25612313	9	15	theme	surface	1470:1476	arg1	area					1478:1481	electroactive surface area	1456:1481	electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively)	1456:1529	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	15	theme	surface	1470:1476	arg1	±					1488:1488	0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively	1484:1528	±	1488:1488	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	10	16	dep	±	1825:1825	arg1	s					1845:1845	2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s	1827:1845	2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s	1827:1845	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	13	17	theme	p	2228:2228	arg1	<					2230:2230	p < 0.05	2228:2235	p < 0.05	2228:2235	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	13	17	theme	p	2228:2228	arg1	differences					2126:2136	The differences	2122:2136	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group	2122:2194	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	13	17	theme	p	2228:2228	arg1	significant					2215:2225	significant	2215:2225	significant	2215:2225	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	7	18	theme	response	1071:1078	arg1	s					1056:1056	s	1056:1056	s	1056:1056	To isolate the effect(s) of stimulus response on biosensor behavior, all experiments were conducted at 25 °C and pH 7.10.
25612313	7	18	theme	response	1071:1078	arg1	effect					1049:1054	the effect	1045:1054	the effect(s) of stimulus response on biosensor behavior	1045:1100	To isolate the effect(s) of stimulus response on biosensor behavior, all experiments were conducted at 25 °C and pH 7.10.
25612313	6	19	theme	hydrogen	1015:1022	arg1	peroxide					1024:1031	hydrogen peroxide	1015:1031	hydrogen peroxide	1015:1031	The transduction mechanism for the biosensor was based on AOx-catalyzed oxidation of methanol to produce hydrogen peroxide.
25612313	15	20	theme	shelf	2626:2630	arg1	life					2632:2635	the shelf life	2622:2635	the shelf life	2622:2635	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	10	21	theme	longer	1799:1804	arg1	time					1815:1818	longer response time	1799:1818	longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively)	1799:1860	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	10	21	theme	longer	1799:1804	arg1	±					1825:1825	8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively	1821:1859	±	1825:1825	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	14	22	theme	devices	2319:2325	arg1	range					2294:2298	the range	2290:2298	the range of other published devices in the literature	2290:2343	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	12	23	theme	CNC	2035:2037	arg1	bionanocomposites					2039:2055	CNC bionanocomposites	2035:2055	CNC bionanocomposites	2035:2055	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	7	24	from	effect	1049:1054	arg1	behavior					1093:1100	biosensor behavior	1083:1100	biosensor behavior	1083:1100	To isolate the effect(s) of stimulus response on biosensor behavior, all experiments were conducted at 25 °C and pH 7.10.
25612313	14	25	theme	other	2303:2307	arg1	devices					2319:2325	other published devices	2303:2325	other published devices in the literature	2303:2343	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	11	26	theme	CNC	1981:1983	arg1	bionanocomposites					1985:2001	CNC bionanocomposites	1981:2001	CNC bionanocomposites	1981:2001	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	5	27	dep	poly-N-isopropylacrylamide	746:771	arg1	hydrogels					829:837	hydrogels	829:837	hydrogels	829:837	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	11	28	theme	excellent	1924:1932	arg1	transport					1934:1942	excellent transport	1924:1942	excellent transport	1924:1942	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	11	29	theme	silk	1907:1910	arg1	gels					1912:1915	silk gels	1907:1915	silk gels	1907:1915	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	5	30	theme	nanoplatinum-graphene	868:888	arg1	electrode					899:907	a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode	866:907	a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode	866:907	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	4	31	theme	protein	598:604	arg1	encapsulants					606:617	protein encapsulants	598:617	protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	598:692	This study compares the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites.
25612313	3	32	theme	test	509:512	arg1	conditions					514:523	test conditions	509:523	test conditions	509:523	However, to date there are no studies which directly compare multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites using the same enzyme and test conditions.
25612313	15	33	theme	hydrogel	2464:2471	arg1	composites					2473:2482	these hydrogel composites	2458:2482	these hydrogel composites	2458:2482	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	10	34	theme	lower	1638:1642	arg1	sensitivity					1644:1654	lower sensitivity	1638:1654	lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively)	1638:1708	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	13	35	theme	Silk/CNC	2181:2188	arg1	group					2190:2194	the Silk/CNC group	2177:2194	the Silk/CNC group	2177:2194	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	3	36	theme	multiple	441:448	arg1	nanocomposites					468:481	multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites	441:481	multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites using the same enzyme and test conditions	441:523	However, to date there are no studies which directly compare multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites using the same enzyme and test conditions.
25612313	0	37	theme	graphene-hydrogel	23:39	arg1	hybrid					41:46	graphene-hydrogel hybrid	23:46	graphene-hydrogel hybrid	23:46	A comparative study of graphene-hydrogel hybrid bionanocomposites for biosensing.
25612313	15	38	theme	other	2687:2691	arg1	devices					2693:2699	other devices	2687:2699	other devices	2687:2699	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	4	39	theme	different	570:578	arg1	hydrogels					580:588	four different hydrogels	565:588	four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	565:692	This study compares the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites.
25612313	15	40	theme	main	2439:2442	arg1	advantages					2444:2453	The main advantages	2435:2453	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices	2435:2501	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	8	41	theme	Electroactive	1156:1168	arg1	ESA					1184:1186	ESA	1184:1186	ESA	1184:1186	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	41	theme	Electroactive	1156:1168	arg1	area					1178:1181	Electroactive surface area	1156:1181	Electroactive surface area (ESA)	1156:1187	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	13	42	theme	Chitosan/PNIPAAM	2150:2165	arg1	group					2167:2171	the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group	2146:2171	the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group	2146:2171	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	14	43	dep	improved	2387:2394	arg1	time					2413:2416	response time	2404:2416	response time	2404:2416	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	14	43	dep	improved	2387:2394	arg1	life					2428:2431	shelf life	2422:2431	shelf life	2422:2431	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	10	44	theme	surface	1731:1737	arg1	area					1739:1742	lower electroactive surface area	1711:1742	lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively)	1711:1792	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	9	45	theme	fastest	1547:1553	arg1	time					1564:1567	the fastest response time	1543:1567	the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively)	1543:1609	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	14	46	theme	shelf	2422:2426	arg1	life					2428:2431	shelf life	2422:2431	shelf life	2422:2431	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	4	47	theme	graphene-nanometal-enzyme	657:681	arg1	composites					683:692	graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	657:692	graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	657:692	This study compares the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites.
25612313	10	48	theme	lower	1711:1715	arg1	area					1739:1742	lower electroactive surface area	1711:1742	lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively)	1711:1792	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	14	49	from	literature	2334:2343	arg1	range					2294:2298	the range	2290:2298	the range of other published devices in the literature	2290:2343	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	6	50	theme	methanol	995:1002	arg1	oxidation					982:990	AOx-catalyzed oxidation	968:990	AOx-catalyzed oxidation of methanol to produce hydrogen peroxide	968:1031	The transduction mechanism for the biosensor was based on AOx-catalyzed oxidation of methanol to produce hydrogen peroxide.
25612313	4	51	theme	mediator-free	624:636	arg1	biosensor					638:646	a mediator-free biosensor	622:646	a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	622:692	This study compares the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites.
25612313	8	52	theme	impedance	1206:1214	arg1	spectroscopy					1216:1227	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	1190:1227	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	1190:1233	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	52	theme	impedance	1206:1214	arg1	EIS					1230:1232	EIS	1230:1232	EIS	1230:1232	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	2	53	theme	immobilization	310:323	arg1	techniques					325:334	other immobilization techniques	304:334	other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding	304:377	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	2	53	theme	immobilization	310:323	arg1	cross					344:348	cross linking	344:356	cross linking	344:356	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	2	53	theme	immobilization	310:323	arg1	bonding					371:377	covalent bonding	362:377	covalent bonding	362:377	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	11	54	theme	PNIPAAM	1894:1900	arg1	porosity					1872:1879	The high porosity	1863:1879	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels	1863:1915	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	15	55	theme	other	2489:2493	arg1	devices					2495:2501	other devices	2489:2501	other devices	2489:2501	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	11	56	theme	chitosan	1884:1891	arg1	porosity					1872:1879	The high porosity	1863:1879	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels	1863:1915	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	9	57	dep	time	1564:1567	arg1	s					1594:1594	4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s	1570:1594	4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s	1570:1594	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	10	58	theme	μA	1685:1686	arg1	-1					1691:1692	-1	1691:1692	-1	1691:1692	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	10	58	theme	μA	1685:1686	arg1	mM					1688:1689	0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM	1657:1689	0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1)	1657:1693	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	9	59	theme	electroactive	1456:1468	arg1	area					1478:1481	electroactive surface area	1456:1481	electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively)	1456:1529	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	59	theme	electroactive	1456:1468	arg1	±					1488:1488	0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively	1484:1528	±	1488:1488	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	12	60	theme	poor	2102:2105	arg1	stability					2111:2119	poor gel stability	2102:2119	poor gel stability	2102:2119	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	8	61	theme	shelf	1300:1304	arg1	life					1306:1309	shelf life	1300:1309	shelf life	1300:1309	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	10	62	theme	±	1678:1678	arg1	-1					1691:1692	-1	1691:1692	-1	1691:1692	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	10	62	theme	±	1678:1678	arg1	mM					1688:1689	0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM	1657:1689	0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1)	1657:1693	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	1	63	theme	immobilization	128:141	arg1	enzymes					164:170	enzymes	164:170	enzymes	164:170	Hydrogels have become increasingly popular as immobilization materials for cells, enzymes and proteins for biosensing applications.
25612313	1	63	theme	immobilization	128:141	arg1	materials					143:151	immobilization materials	128:151	immobilization materials for cells	128:161	Hydrogels have become increasingly popular as immobilization materials for cells, enzymes and proteins for biosensing applications.
25612313	1	63	theme	immobilization	128:141	arg1	proteins					176:183	proteins	176:183	proteins	176:183	Hydrogels have become increasingly popular as immobilization materials for cells, enzymes and proteins for biosensing applications.
25612313	8	64	theme	response	1261:1268	arg1	time					1270:1273	response time	1261:1273	response time	1261:1273	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	13	65	dep	significant	2215:2225	arg1	<					2230:2230	p < 0.05	2228:2235	p < 0.05	2228:2235	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	13	65	dep	significant	2215:2225	arg1	differences					2126:2136	The differences	2122:2136	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group	2122:2194	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	13	65	dep	significant	2215:2225	arg1	significant					2215:2225	significant	2215:2225	significant	2215:2225	The differences between the Chitosan/PNIPAAM group and the Silk/CNC group were statistically significant (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA.
25612313	15	66	theme	response	2641:2648	arg1	time					2650:2653	response time	2641:2653	response time	2641:2653	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	10	67	theme	response	1806:1813	arg1	time					1815:1818	longer response time	1799:1818	longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively)	1799:1860	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	10	67	theme	response	1806:1813	arg1	±					1825:1825	8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively	1821:1859	±	1825:1825	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	7	68	theme	stimulus	1062:1069	arg1	response					1071:1078	stimulus response	1062:1078	stimulus response	1062:1078	To isolate the effect(s) of stimulus response on biosensor behavior, all experiments were conducted at 25 °C and pH 7.10.
25612313	12	69	theme	bionanocomposites	2039:2055	arg1	performance					2020:2030	Electrochemical performance	2004:2030	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites	2004:2055	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	14	70	theme	published	2309:2317	arg1	devices					2319:2325	other published devices	2303:2325	other published devices in the literature	2303:2343	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	10	71	dep	sensitivity	1644:1654	arg1	-1					1691:1692	-1	1691:1692	-1	1691:1692	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	10	71	dep	sensitivity	1644:1654	arg1	mM					1688:1689	0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM	1657:1689	0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1)	1657:1693	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	5	72	theme	cellulose	800:808	arg1	CNC					824:826	CNC	824:826	CNC	824:826	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	5	72	theme	cellulose	800:808	arg1	nanocrystals					810:821	cellulose nanocrystals	800:821	cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)	800:827	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	12	73	theme	Electrochemical	2004:2018	arg1	performance					2020:2030	Electrochemical performance	2004:2030	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites	2004:2055	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	9	74	dep	±	1488:1488	arg1	2					1513:1513	2	1513:1513	2	1513:1513	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	74	dep	±	1488:1488	arg1	cm					1510:1511	0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm	1490:1511	0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2)	1490:1514	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	5	75	theme	Alcohol	695:701	arg1	AOx					712:714	AOx	712:714	AOx	712:714	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	5	75	theme	Alcohol	695:701	arg1	oxidase					703:709	Alcohol oxidase	695:709	Alcohol oxidase (AOx)	695:715	Alcohol oxidase (AOx) was encapsulated in chitosan poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAM), silk fibroin or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) hydrogels, and then spin coated onto a nanoplatinum-graphene modified electrode.
25612313	9	76	dep	sensitivity	1389:1399	arg1	-1					1433:1434	-1	1433:1434	-1	1433:1434	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	76	dep	sensitivity	1389:1399	arg1	mM					1430:1431	0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM	1402:1431	mM	1430:1431	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	76	dep	sensitivity	1389:1399	arg1	±					1407:1407	0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM	1402:1431	±	1407:1407	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	3	77	theme	same	493:496	arg1	enzyme					498:503	the same enzyme	489:503	the same enzyme	489:503	However, to date there are no studies which directly compare multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites using the same enzyme and test conditions.
25612313	0	78	theme	comparative	2:12	arg1	study					14:18	A comparative study	0:18	A comparative study of graphene-hydrogel hybrid	0:46	A comparative study of graphene-hydrogel hybrid bionanocomposites for biosensing.
25612313	11	79	theme	gels	1912:1915	arg1	porosity					1872:1879	The high porosity	1863:1879	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels	1863:1915	The high porosity of chitosan, PNIPAAM, and silk gels led to excellent transport, which was significantly better than CNC bionanocomposites.
25612313	2	80	theme	Enzymatic	214:222	arg1	biosensors					224:233	Enzymatic biosensors	214:233	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant	214:273	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	4	81	from	encapsulants	606:617	arg1	biosensor					638:646	a mediator-free biosensor	622:646	a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	622:692	This study compares the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites.
25612313	0	82	theme	hybrid	41:46	arg1	study					14:18	A comparative study	0:18	A comparative study of graphene-hydrogel hybrid	0:46	A comparative study of graphene-hydrogel hybrid bionanocomposites for biosensing.
25612313	9	83	theme	highest	1381:1387	arg1	sensitivity					1389:1399	the highest sensitivity	1377:1399	the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively)	1377:1450	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	3	84	theme	hydrogel-graphene	450:466	arg1	nanocomposites					468:481	multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites	441:481	multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites using the same enzyme and test conditions	441:523	However, to date there are no studies which directly compare multiple hydrogel-graphene nanocomposites using the same enzyme and test conditions.
25612313	4	85	theme	hydrogels	580:588	arg1	performance					550:560	the performance	546:560	the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites	546:692	This study compares the performance of four different hydrogels used as protein encapsulants in a mediator-free biosensor based on graphene-nanometal-enzyme composites.
25612313	8	86	theme	surface	1170:1176	arg1	ESA					1184:1186	ESA	1184:1186	ESA	1184:1186	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	8	86	theme	surface	1170:1176	arg1	area					1178:1181	Electroactive surface area	1156:1181	Electroactive surface area (ESA)	1156:1187	Electroactive surface area (ESA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), sensitivity to methanol, response time, limit of detection, and shelf life were measured for each bionanocomposite.
25612313	9	87	contain	had	1373:1375	arg2	time					1564:1567	the fastest response time	1543:1567	the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively)	1543:1609	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	87	contain	had	1373:1375	arg2	area					1478:1481	electroactive surface area	1456:1481	electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively)	1456:1529	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	87	contain	had	1373:1375	arg1	Chitosan					1352:1359	Chitosan	1352:1359	Chitosan	1352:1359	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	87	contain	had	1373:1375	arg1	PNIPAAM					1365:1371	PNIPAAM	1365:1371	PNIPAAM	1365:1371	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	87	contain	had	1373:1375	arg2	sensitivity					1389:1399	the highest sensitivity	1377:1399	the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively)	1377:1450	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	9	87	contain	had	1373:1375	arg2	±					1488:1488	0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively	1484:1528	±	1488:1488	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	6	88	theme	transduction	914:925	arg1	mechanism					927:935	The transduction mechanism	910:935	The transduction mechanism for the biosensor	910:953	The transduction mechanism for the biosensor was based on AOx-catalyzed oxidation of methanol to produce hydrogen peroxide.
25612313	12	89	attach	linked	2092:2097	arg1	stability					2111:2119	poor gel stability	2102:2119	poor gel stability	2102:2119	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	12	89	attach	linked	2092:2097	arg2	which					2079:2083	which	2079:2083	which	2079:2083	Electrochemical performance of CNC bionanocomposites were relatively poor, which may be linked to poor gel stability.
25612313	10	90	theme	electroactive	1717:1729	arg1	area					1739:1742	lower electroactive surface area	1711:1742	lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively)	1711:1792	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	2	91	theme	covalent	362:369	arg1	bonding					371:377	covalent bonding	362:377	covalent bonding	362:377	Enzymatic biosensors that utilize hydrogel as an encapsulant have shown improvements over other immobilization techniques such as cross linking and covalent bonding.
25612313	9	92	theme	response	1555:1562	arg1	time					1564:1567	the fastest response time	1543:1567	the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively)	1543:1609	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
25612313	10	93	dep	area	1739:1742	arg1	2					1776:1776	2	1776:1776	2	1776:1776	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	10	93	dep	area	1739:1742	arg1	cm					1773:1774	0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm	1745:1774	0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2)	1745:1777	Silk and CNC demonstrated lower sensitivity (0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 μA mM(-1), respectively), lower electroactive surface area (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.09 ± 0.03 cm(2), respectively), and longer response time (8.9 ± 2.1 and 6.3 ± 0.8 s, respectively).
25612313	14	94	from	devices	2319:2325	arg1	literature					2334:2343	the literature	2330:2343	the literature	2330:2343	Each of these composites was within the range of other published devices in the literature, while some attributes were significantly improved (namely response time and shelf life).
25612313	15	95	theme	composites	2473:2482	arg1	advantages					2444:2453	The main advantages	2435:2453	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices	2435:2501	The main advantages of these hydrogel composites over other devices is that only one enzyme is required, all materials are non-toxic, the sensor does not require mediators/cofactors, and the shelf life and response time are significantly improved over other devices.
25612313	9	96	theme	±	1421:1421	arg1	mM					1430:1431	0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM	1402:1431	mM	1430:1431	Chitosan and PNIPAAM had the highest sensitivity (0.46 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.1 μA mM(-1), respectively) and electroactive surface area (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.2 ± 0.02 cm(2), respectively), as well as the fastest response time (4.3 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.1 s, respectively).
28363521	8	0	from	scaffold	1989:1996	arg1	engineering					2013:2023	bone tissue engineering	2001:2023	bone tissue engineering	2001:2023	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	8	0	from	scaffold	1989:1996	arg1	applications					2042:2053	regenerative applications	2029:2053	regenerative applications	2029:2053	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	2	1	theme	sized	556:560	arg1	defect					574:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect	535:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	535:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	2	2	theme	bilateral	537:545	arg1	defect					574:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect	535:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	535:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	4	3	theme	scanning	978:985	arg1	gross					925:929	gross	925:929	gross	925:929	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	4	3	theme	scanning	978:985	arg1	microscopy					996:1005	scanning electron microscopy	978:1005	scanning electron microscopy	978:1005	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	0	4	from	rat	158:160	arg1	regeneration					105:116	regeneration	105:116	regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	105:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	4	5	theme	bone	1050:1053	arg1	injury					1055:1060	bone injury	1050:1060	bone injury	1050:1060	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	5	6	theme	bone	1130:1133	arg1	formation					1135:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	2	7	theme	bone	569:572	arg1	defect					574:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect	535:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	535:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	7	8	theme	angiogenic	1648:1657	arg1	markers					1675:1681	osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1633:1681	osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1633:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	9	theme	runt-related	1519:1530	arg1	factor					1546:1551	runt-related transcription factor 2	1519:1553	runt-related transcription factor 2	1519:1553	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	6	10	dep	CS-PG	1433:1437	arg1	the					1429:1431	the	1429:1431	the	1429:1431	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	0	11	theme	sized	130:134	arg1	defect					148:153	critical sized radial bone defect	121:153	critical sized radial bone defect in rat	121:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	7	12	theme	phosphatase	1506:1516	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	0	13	theme	bone	143:146	arg1	defect					148:153	critical sized radial bone defect	121:153	critical sized radial bone defect in rat	121:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	1	14	theme	bone	221:224	arg1	regeneration					226:237	bone regeneration	221:237	bone regeneration	221:237	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	4	15	theme	bone	810:813	arg1	defects					815:821	The bone defects	806:821	The bone defects	806:821	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	7	16	theme	growth	1616:1621	arg1	phosphatase					1506:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	16	theme	growth	1616:1621	arg1	factor					1623:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor	1595:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1595:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	17	theme	mRNA	1482:1485	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	18	theme	vascular	1595:1602	arg1	phosphatase					1506:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	18	theme	vascular	1595:1602	arg1	factor					1623:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor	1595:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1595:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	4	19	theme	bone	895:898	arg1	samples					900:906	their bone samples	889:906	their bone samples	889:906	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	1	20	dep	strategy	265:272	arg1	regenerate					277:286	regenerate	277:286	to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties	274:347	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	6	21	from	addition	1283:1290	arg1	superior					1417:1424	superior	1417:1424	superior	1417:1424	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	0	22	theme	tissue	17:22	arg1	Effectiveness					0:12	Effectiveness	0:12	Effectiveness of tissue	0:22	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	7	23	theme	CD31	1589:1592	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	24	from	30days	1767:1772	arg1	cells					1827:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	8	25	from	comparable	1911:1920	arg1	conclusion					1837:1846	conclusion	1837:1846	conclusion	1837:1846	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	0	26	theme	platelet	89:96	arg1	gel					98:100	human platelet gel	83:100	human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	83:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	3	27	theme	CS-Gel-PG	779:787	arg1	defects					797:803	CS-Gel-PG treated defects	779:803	CS-Gel-PG treated defects	779:803	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	7	28	from	culturing	1777:1785	arg1	cells					1827:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	29	theme	osteogenic	1633:1642	arg1	markers					1675:1681	osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1633:1681	osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1633:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	8	30	theme	CS-Gel	1874:1879	arg1	scaffold					1881:1888	CS-Gel scaffold	1874:1888	CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG	1874:1905	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	7	31	theme	collagen	1569:1576	arg1	type					1578:1581	collagen type 1	1569:1583	collagen type 1	1569:1583	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	8	32	theme	healing	1853:1859	arg1	potential					1861:1869	the healing potential	1849:1869	the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG	1849:1905	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	8	32	theme	healing	1853:1859	arg1	comparable					1911:1920	comparable	1911:1920	comparable	1911:1920	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	8	33	theme	embedded	1890:1897	arg1	scaffold					1881:1888	CS-Gel scaffold	1874:1888	CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG	1874:1905	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	7	34	theme	CS-Gel-PG	1703:1711	arg1	scaffold					1713:1720	the CS-Gel-PG scaffold	1699:1720	the CS-Gel-PG scaffold	1699:1720	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	35	theme	osteocalcin	1556:1566	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	0	36	theme	human	83:87	arg1	gel					98:100	human platelet gel	83:100	human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	83:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	6	37	theme	cartilaginous	1329:1341	arg1	tissues					1343:1349	osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1317:1349	tissues	1343:1349	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	38	theme	mesenchymal	1810:1820	arg1	cells					1827:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	6	39	from	group	1392:1396	arg1	numbers					1356:1362	numbers	1356:1362	numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group	1356:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	39	from	group	1392:1396	arg1	density					1306:1312	density	1306:1312	density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1306:1349	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	39	from	group	1392:1396	arg1	volume					1298:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	2	40	theme	scaffold	440:447	arg1	potential					415:423	the healing potential	403:423	the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	403:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	6	41	theme	osseous	1317:1323	arg1	tissues					1343:1349	osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1317:1349	tissues	1343:1349	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	42	theme	higher	1119:1124	arg1	formation					1135:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	43	theme	transcription	1532:1544	arg1	factor					1546:1551	runt-related transcription factor 2	1519:1553	runt-related transcription factor 2	1519:1553	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	3	44	theme	radial	596:601	arg1	defects					608:614	Eighty radial bone defects	589:614	Eighty radial bone defects	589:614	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	1	45	theme	many	172:175	arg1	strategies					177:186	many strategies	172:186	many strategies	172:186	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	1	46	theme	optimum	304:310	arg1	morphology					312:321	optimum morphology	304:321	optimum morphology	304:321	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	0	47	theme	chitosan-gelatin	35:50	arg1	scaffold					62:69	chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold	35:69	chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	35:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	6	48	from	osteons	1367:1373	arg1	group					1392:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	49	theme	real-time	1738:1746	arg1	PCR					1748:1750	quantitative real-time PCR	1725:1750	quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1725:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	8	50	theme	appropriate	1977:1987	arg1	it					1953:1954	it	1953:1954	it	1953:1954	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	8	50	theme	appropriate	1977:1987	arg1	scaffold					1989:1996	an appropriate scaffold	1974:1996	an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications	1974:2053	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	5	51	theme	autograft	1067:1075	arg1	groups					1091:1096	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups	1063:1096	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups	1063:1096	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	52	theme	culturing	1777:1785	arg1	30days					1767:1772	30days	1767:1772	30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1767:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	5	53	theme	CS-Gel-PG	1081:1089	arg1	groups					1091:1096	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups	1063:1096	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups	1063:1096	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	2	54	from	defect	574:579	arg1	rat					584:586	rat	584:586	rat	584:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	2	55	from	potential	415:423	arg1	defect					574:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect	535:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	535:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	8	56	theme	tissue	2006:2011	arg1	engineering					2013:2023	bone tissue engineering	2001:2023	bone tissue engineering	2001:2023	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	4	57	theme	biomechanical	1012:1024	arg1	gross					925:929	gross	925:929	gross	925:929	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	4	57	theme	biomechanical	1012:1024	arg1	testing					1026:1032	biomechanical testing	1012:1032	biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury	1012:1060	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	6	58	theme	osteons	1367:1373	arg1	numbers					1356:1362	numbers	1356:1362	numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group	1356:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	58	theme	osteons	1367:1373	arg1	density					1306:1312	density	1306:1312	density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1306:1349	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	58	theme	osteons	1367:1373	arg1	volume					1298:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	59	from	numbers	1356:1362	arg1	group					1392:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	3	60	theme	Sprague-Dawley	647:660	arg1	rats					662:665	40 Sprague-Dawley rats	644:665	40 Sprague-Dawley rats	644:665	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	1	61	theme	treatment	255:263	arg1	strategy					265:272	an appropriate treatment strategy	240:272	an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties	240:347	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	2	62	theme	critical	547:554	arg1	defect					574:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect	535:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	535:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	4	63	theme	electron	987:994	arg1	gross					925:929	gross	925:929	gross	925:929	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	4	63	theme	electron	987:994	arg1	microscopy					996:1005	scanning electron microscopy	978:1005	scanning electron microscopy	978:1005	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	8	64	from	conclusion	1837:1846	arg1	comparable					1911:1920	comparable	1911:1920	comparable	1911:1920	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	8	64	from	conclusion	1837:1846	arg1	potential					1861:1869	the healing potential	1849:1869	the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG	1849:1905	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	7	65	theme	differentiation	1659:1673	arg1	markers					1675:1681	osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1633:1681	osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1633:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	4	66	theme	injury	1055:1060	arg1	8weeks					1040:1045	8weeks	1040:1045	8weeks of bone injury	1040:1060	The bone defects were evaluated clinically and radiologically during the study and their bone samples were assessed by gross and histopathology, histomorphometry, CT-scan, scanning electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing after 8weeks of bone injury.
28363521	7	67	link	marrow-derived	1795:1808	arg1	cells					1827:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	1	68	with	bone	294:297	arg1	morphology					312:321	optimum morphology	304:321	optimum morphology	304:321	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	1	68	with	bone	294:297	arg1	properties					338:347	mechanical properties	327:347	mechanical properties	327:347	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	8	69	with	embedded	1890:1897	arg1	PG					1904:1905	PG	1904:1905	PG	1904:1905	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	2	70	theme	radial	562:567	arg1	defect					574:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect	535:579	a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	535:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	0	71	theme	radial	136:141	arg1	defect					148:153	critical sized radial bone defect	121:153	critical sized radial bone defect in rat	121:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	7	72	theme	alkaline	1497:1504	arg1	phosphatase					1506:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	72	theme	alkaline	1497:1504	arg1	factor					1623:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor	1595:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1595:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	0	73	from	gel	98:100	arg1	regeneration					105:116	regeneration	105:116	regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	105:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	0	74	theme	defect	148:153	arg1	regeneration					105:116	regeneration	105:116	regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	105:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	7	75	theme	Increased	1472:1480	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	1	76	used	utilized	198:205	arg2	strategies					177:186	many strategies	172:186	many strategies	172:186	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	3	77	theme	untreated	721:729	arg1	autograft					732:740	autograft	732:740	autograft	732:740	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	6	78	from	volume	1298:1303	arg1	group					1392:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	2	79	theme	named	515:519	arg1	CS-Gel-PG					521:529	named CS-Gel-PG	515:529	named CS-Gel-PG	515:529	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	2	79	theme	named	515:519	arg1	scaffold					440:447	a composite scaffold	428:447	a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG)	428:512	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	0	80	from	regeneration	105:116	arg1	rat					158:160	rat	158:160	rat	158:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	5	81	theme	mechanical	1209:1218	arg1	performance					1220:1230	mechanical performance	1209:1230	mechanical performance	1209:1230	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	82	theme	bone	1293:1296	arg1	volume					1298:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	83	from	density	1306:1312	arg1	group					1392:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	84	theme	Gel	1451:1453	arg1	groups					1455:1460	Gel groups	1451:1460	Gel groups	1451:1460	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	85	theme	endothelial	1604:1614	arg1	phosphatase					1506:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	alkaline phosphatase	1497:1516	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	85	theme	endothelial	1604:1614	arg1	factor					1623:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor	1595:1628	vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1595:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	5	86	theme	tissues	1183:1189	arg1	density					1146:1152	density	1146:1152	density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1146:1189	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	86	theme	tissues	1183:1189	arg1	volume					1197:1202	bone volume	1192:1202	bone volume	1192:1202	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	86	theme	tissues	1183:1189	arg1	formation					1135:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	86	theme	tissues	1183:1189	arg1	performance					1220:1230	mechanical performance	1209:1230	mechanical performance	1209:1230	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	87	theme	bone	1192:1195	arg1	volume					1197:1202	bone volume	1192:1202	bone volume	1192:1202	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	8	88	theme	scaffold	1881:1888	arg1	potential					1861:1869	the healing potential	1849:1869	the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG	1849:1905	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	8	88	theme	scaffold	1881:1888	arg1	comparable					1911:1920	comparable	1911:1920	comparable	1911:1920	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	3	89	theme	treated	789:795	arg1	defects					797:803	CS-Gel-PG treated defects	779:803	CS-Gel-PG treated defects	779:803	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	2	90	theme	platelet	496:503	arg1	PG					510:511	PG	510:511	PG	510:511	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	2	90	theme	platelet	496:503	arg1	gel					505:507	platelet gel	496:507	platelet gel (PG)	496:512	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	5	91	theme	CS	1249:1250	arg1	P˂0.05					1271:1276	P˂0.05	1271:1276	P˂0.05	1271:1276	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	91	theme	CS	1249:1250	arg1	groups					1263:1268	the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups	1237:1268	the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05)	1237:1277	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	0	92	theme	critical	121:128	arg1	defect					148:153	critical sized radial bone defect	121:153	critical sized radial bone defect in rat	121:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	7	93	theme	stem	1822:1825	arg1	cells					1827:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	94	theme	type	1578:1581	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	5	95	theme	Gel-PG	1256:1261	arg1	P˂0.05					1271:1276	P˂0.05	1271:1276	P˂0.05	1271:1276	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	95	theme	Gel-PG	1256:1261	arg1	groups					1263:1268	the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups	1237:1268	the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05)	1237:1277	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	96	theme	tissues	1343:1349	arg1	numbers					1356:1362	numbers	1356:1362	numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group	1356:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	96	theme	tissues	1343:1349	arg1	density					1306:1312	density	1306:1312	density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1306:1349	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	6	96	theme	tissues	1343:1349	arg1	volume					1298:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	bone volume	1293:1303	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	97	from	cells	1827:1831	arg1	30days					1767:1772	30days	1767:1772	30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1767:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	7	98	theme	marrow-derived	1795:1808	arg1	cells					1827:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1790:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	1	99	theme	new	290:292	arg1	bone					294:297	a new bone	288:297	a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties	288:347	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	6	100	from	superior	1417:1424	arg1	addition					1283:1290	addition	1283:1290	addition	1283:1290	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	2	101	theme	composite	430:438	arg1	CS-Gel-PG					521:529	named CS-Gel-PG	515:529	named CS-Gel-PG	515:529	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	2	101	theme	composite	430:438	arg1	scaffold					440:447	a composite scaffold	428:447	a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG)	428:512	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	3	102	theme	Eighty	589:594	arg1	defects					608:614	Eighty radial bone defects	589:614	Eighty radial bone defects	589:614	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	5	103	theme	defect	1241:1246	arg1	P˂0.05					1271:1276	P˂0.05	1271:1276	P˂0.05	1271:1276	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	5	103	theme	defect	1241:1246	arg1	groups					1263:1268	the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups	1237:1268	the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05)	1237:1277	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	0	104	theme	composite	52:60	arg1	scaffold					62:69	chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold	35:69	chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat	35:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	5	105	theme	new	1126:1128	arg1	formation					1135:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	significantly higher new bone formation	1105:1143	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	7	106	theme	factor	1546:1551	arg1	levels					1487:1492	Increased mRNA levels	1472:1492	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers	1472:1681	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	2	107	theme	healing	407:413	arg1	potential					415:423	the healing potential	403:423	the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat	403:586	This study investigated the healing potential of a composite scaffold consisting of chitosan (CS), gelatin (Gel) and platelet gel (PG), named CS-Gel-PG, on a bilateral critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	8	108	theme	bone	2001:2004	arg1	engineering					2013:2023	bone tissue engineering	2001:2023	bone tissue engineering	2001:2023	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	6	109	theme	CS-Gel-PG	1382:1390	arg1	group					1392:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	the CS-Gel-PG group	1378:1396	In addition, bone volume, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, and numbers of osteons in the CS-Gel-PG group were significantly superior to the CS-PG, CS-Gel and Gel groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	1	110	theme	mechanical	327:336	arg1	properties					338:347	mechanical properties	327:347	mechanical properties	327:347	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	7	111	theme	quantitative	1725:1736	arg1	PCR					1748:1750	quantitative real-time PCR	1725:1750	quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1725:1831	Increased mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, collagen type 1 and CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor as osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation markers were found with the CS-Gel-PG scaffold by quantitative real-time PCR in vitro after 30days of culturing on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
28363521	0	112	from	defect	148:153	arg1	rat					158:160	rat	158:160	rat	158:160	Effectiveness of tissue engineered chitosan-gelatin composite scaffold loaded with human platelet gel in regeneration of critical sized radial bone defect in rat.
28363521	3	113	theme	bone	603:606	arg1	defects					608:614	Eighty radial bone defects	589:614	Eighty radial bone defects	589:614	Eighty radial bone defects were bilaterally created in 40 Sprague-Dawley rats and were randomly divided into eight groups including untreated, autograft, CS, Gel, CS-PG, Gel-PG, CS-Gel, and CS-Gel-PG treated defects.
28363521	5	114	theme	osseous	1157:1163	arg1	tissues					1183:1189	osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1157:1189	tissues	1183:1189	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
28363521	8	115	theme	regenerative	2029:2040	arg1	applications					2042:2053	regenerative applications	2029:2053	regenerative applications	2029:2053	In conclusion, the healing potential of CS-Gel scaffold embedded with PG was comparable to autografting and therefore, it can be offered as an appropriate scaffold in bone tissue engineering and regenerative applications.
28363521	1	116	theme	appropriate	243:253	arg1	strategy					265:272	an appropriate treatment strategy	240:272	an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties	240:347	Although many strategies have been utilized to accelerate bone regeneration, an appropriate treatment strategy to regenerate a new bone with optimum morphology and mechanical properties has not been invented as yet.
28363521	5	117	theme	cartilaginous	1169:1181	arg1	tissues					1183:1189	osseous and cartilaginous tissues	1157:1189	tissues	1183:1189	The autograft and CS-Gel-PG groups showed significantly higher new bone formation, density of osseous and cartilaginous tissues, bone volume, and mechanical performance than the defect, CS and Gel-PG groups (P˂0.05).
29664596	6	0	theme	Oxygen	615:620	arg1	tool					666:669	potential tool	656:669	potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds	656:731	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	6	0	theme	Oxygen	615:620	arg1	treatment					629:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	0	1	from	Treatment	14:22	arg1	Scaffolds					70:78	3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds	27:78	3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering	27:106	Oxygen Plasma Treatment on 3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
29664596	4	2	theme	plasma	446:451	arg1	etching					453:459	oxygen plasma etching	439:459	oxygen plasma etching	439:459	After oxygen plasma etching, roughness and wettability on the scaffolds surface are increased.
29664596	4	3	from	roughness	462:470	arg1	surface					505:511	the scaffolds surface	491:511	the scaffolds surface	491:511	After oxygen plasma etching, roughness and wettability on the scaffolds surface are increased.
29664596	2	4	theme	cell	327:330	arg1	culture					332:338	in vitro cell culture	318:338	in vitro cell culture	318:338	The scaffolds were treated by oxygen plasma to improve the bioactivity and its surface characterization and in vitro cell culture were investigated.
29664596	5	5	theme	higher	560:565	arg1	proliferation					567:579	higher proliferation	560:579	higher proliferation	560:579	Plasma treated scaffolds showed higher proliferation than that of untreated scaffolds.
29664596	6	6	theme	plasma	622:627	arg1	tool					666:669	potential tool	656:669	potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds	656:731	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	6	6	theme	plasma	622:627	arg1	treatment					629:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	2	7	theme	in	318:319	arg1	culture					332:338	in vitro cell culture	318:338	in vitro cell culture	318:338	The scaffolds were treated by oxygen plasma to improve the bioactivity and its surface characterization and in vitro cell culture were investigated.
29664596	0	8	theme	Oxygen	0:5	arg1	Plasma					7:12	Oxygen Plasma	0:12	Oxygen Plasma	0:12	Oxygen Plasma Treatment on 3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
29664596	4	9	theme	oxygen	439:444	arg1	etching					453:459	oxygen plasma etching	439:459	oxygen plasma etching	439:459	After oxygen plasma etching, roughness and wettability on the scaffolds surface are increased.
29664596	1	10	theme	3D	113:114	arg1	scaffolds					158:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds	109:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds	109:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technique.
29664596	3	11	theme	pores	426:430	arg1	interconnectivity					405:421	interconnectivity	405:421	interconnectivity	405:421	The scaffolds exhibited the good porosity and interconnectivity of pores.
29664596	3	11	theme	pores	426:430	arg1	porosity					392:399	porosity	392:399	porosity	392:399	The scaffolds exhibited the good porosity and interconnectivity of pores.
29664596	1	12	theme	hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan	116:146	arg1	scaffolds					158:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds	109:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds	109:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technique.
29664596	5	13	theme	Plasma	528:533	arg1	scaffolds					543:551	Plasma treated scaffolds	528:551	Plasma treated scaffolds	528:551	Plasma treated scaffolds showed higher proliferation than that of untreated scaffolds.
29664596	6	14	theme	potential	656:664	arg1	tool					666:669	potential tool	656:669	potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds	656:731	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	6	14	theme	potential	656:664	arg1	treatment					629:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	1	15	theme	composite	148:156	arg1	scaffolds					158:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds	109:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds	109:166	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technique.
29664596	5	16	theme	treated	535:541	arg1	scaffolds					543:551	Plasma treated scaffolds	528:551	Plasma treated scaffolds	528:551	Plasma treated scaffolds showed higher proliferation than that of untreated scaffolds.
29664596	0	17	theme	Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite	38:68	arg1	Scaffolds					70:78	3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds	27:78	3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering	27:106	Oxygen Plasma Treatment on 3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
29664596	4	18	theme	scaffolds	495:503	arg1	surface					505:511	the scaffolds surface	491:511	the scaffolds surface	491:511	After oxygen plasma etching, roughness and wettability on the scaffolds surface are increased.
29664596	0	19	theme	3D-Printed	27:36	arg1	Scaffolds					70:78	3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds	27:78	3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering	27:106	Oxygen Plasma Treatment on 3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
29664596	6	20	used	used	648:651	arg2	treatment					629:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment	615:637	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	6	20	used	used	648:651	arg2	tool					666:669	potential tool	656:669	potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds	656:731	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	3	21	dep	porosity	392:399	arg1	the					383:385	the	383:385	the	383:385	The scaffolds exhibited the good porosity and interconnectivity of pores.
29664596	3	22	theme	good	387:390	arg1	porosity					392:399	porosity	392:399	porosity	392:399	The scaffolds exhibited the good porosity and interconnectivity of pores.
29664596	4	23	from	wettability	476:486	arg1	surface					505:511	the scaffolds surface	491:511	the scaffolds surface	491:511	After oxygen plasma etching, roughness and wettability on the scaffolds surface are increased.
29664596	6	24	from	biocompatibility	686:701	arg1	scaffolds					723:731	the 3D composite scaffolds	706:731	the 3D composite scaffolds	706:731	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	2	25	theme	oxygen	240:245	arg1	plasma					247:252	oxygen plasma	240:252	oxygen plasma	240:252	The scaffolds were treated by oxygen plasma to improve the bioactivity and its surface characterization and in vitro cell culture were investigated.
29664596	1	26	theme	printing	190:197	arg1	technique					199:207	3D printing technique	187:207	3D printing technique	187:207	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technique.
29664596	6	27	theme	composite	713:721	arg1	scaffolds					723:731	the 3D composite scaffolds	706:731	the 3D composite scaffolds	706:731	Oxygen plasma treatment could be used as potential tool to enhance the biocompatibility on the 3D composite scaffolds.
29664596	0	28	theme	Tissue	89:94	arg1	Engineering					96:106	Bone Tissue Engineering	84:106	Bone Tissue Engineering	84:106	Oxygen Plasma Treatment on 3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
29664596	2	29	theme	surface	289:295	arg1	characterization					297:312	its surface characterization	285:312	its surface characterization	285:312	The scaffolds were treated by oxygen plasma to improve the bioactivity and its surface characterization and in vitro cell culture were investigated.
29664596	1	30	theme	3D	187:188	arg1	technique					199:207	3D printing technique	187:207	3D printing technique	187:207	The 3D hydroxyapatite/gelatin/chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing technique.
29664596	0	31	theme	Bone	84:87	arg1	Engineering					96:106	Bone Tissue Engineering	84:106	Bone Tissue Engineering	84:106	Oxygen Plasma Treatment on 3D-Printed Chitosan/Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.
29664596	5	32	theme	untreated	594:602	arg1	scaffolds					604:612	untreated scaffolds	594:612	untreated scaffolds	594:612	Plasma treated scaffolds showed higher proliferation than that of untreated scaffolds.
29664596	2	33	dep	in	318:319	arg1	vitro					321:325	vitro	321:325	vitro	321:325	The scaffolds were treated by oxygen plasma to improve the bioactivity and its surface characterization and in vitro cell culture were investigated.
24712439	6	0	from	effect	823:828	arg1	variables					843:851	dependant variables	833:851	dependant variables	833:851	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	6	1	theme	PEG	785:787	arg1	amounts					774:780	amounts	774:780	amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102	774:808	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	6	1	theme	PEG	785:787	arg1	PH					803:804	Aviel PH 102	797:808	Aviel PH 102	797:808	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	6	1	theme	PEG	785:787	arg1	PEG					785:787	PEG 600	785:791	PEG 600	785:791	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	4	2	theme	%	607:607	arg1	drug					609:612	release 90% drug	597:612	release 90% drug	597:612	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	0	3	theme	fenofibrate	15:25	arg1	tablets					38:44	fenofibrate liquisolid tablets	15:44	fenofibrate liquisolid tablets	15:44	Formulation of fenofibrate liquisolid tablets using central composite design.
24712439	3	4	theme	central	332:338	arg1	CCD					358:360	CCD	358:360	CCD	358:360	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	3	4	theme	central	332:338	arg1	design					350:355	central composite design	332:355	central composite design (CCD)	332:361	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	1	5	theme	soluble	163:169	arg1	drugs					171:175	poorly water soluble drugs	150:175	poorly water soluble drugs	150:175	Liquisolid technique has been widely used to enhance the dissolution of poorly water soluble drugs.
24712439	4	6	theme	Avicel	432:437	arg1	X2					447:448	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	7	dep	repose	531:536	arg1	time					580:583	time	580:583	time required to release 90% drug	580:612	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	7	8	theme	In	854:855	arg1	dissolution					863:873	In vitro dissolution	854:873	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations	854:915	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations was enhanced compared to the pure form.
24712439	6	9	theme	PH	803:804	arg1	amounts					774:780	amounts	774:780	amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102	774:808	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	6	9	theme	PH	803:804	arg1	PH					803:804	Aviel PH 102	797:808	Aviel PH 102	797:808	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	6	9	theme	PH	803:804	arg1	PEG					785:787	PEG 600	785:791	PEG 600	785:791	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	4	10	theme	repose	531:536	arg1	variables					664:672	dependent variables	654:672	dependent variables	654:672	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	10	theme	repose	531:536	arg1	angle					522:526	the angle	518:526	the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets	518:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	8	11	theme	fenofibrate	1064:1074	arg1	dissolution					1028:1038	dissolution	1028:1038	dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate	1028:1074	To conclude, Liquisolid technique is a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate.
24712439	4	12	theme	X2	447:448	arg1	Aerosil					456:462	Aerosil 200	456:466	Aerosil 200 (X3)	456:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	12	theme	X2	447:448	arg1	X1					427:428	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	12	theme	X2	447:448	arg1	variables					502:510	independent variables	490:510	independent variables	490:510	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	12	theme	X2	447:448	arg1	X2					447:448	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	12	theme	X2	447:448	arg1	Amounts					407:413	Amounts	407:413	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3)	407:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	12	theme	X2	447:448	arg1	X3					469:470	X3	469:470	X3	469:470	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	13	theme	PEG	418:420	arg1	X1					427:428	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	14	theme	dependent	654:662	arg1	variables					664:672	dependent variables	654:672	dependent variables	654:672	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	14	theme	dependent	654:662	arg1	angle					522:526	the angle	518:526	the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets	518:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	6	15	theme	Aviel	797:801	arg1	PH					803:804	Aviel PH 102	797:808	Aviel PH 102	797:808	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	1	16	theme	Liquisolid	78:87	arg1	technique					89:97	Liquisolid technique	78:97	Liquisolid technique	78:97	Liquisolid technique has been widely used to enhance the dissolution of poorly water soluble drugs.
24712439	1	17	theme	drugs	171:175	arg1	dissolution					135:145	the dissolution	131:145	the dissolution of poorly water soluble drugs	131:175	Liquisolid technique has been widely used to enhance the dissolution of poorly water soluble drugs.
24712439	2	18	theme	lowering	268:275	arg1	agent					277:281	a lipid lowering agent	260:281	a lipid lowering agent	260:281	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	2	18	theme	lowering	268:275	arg1	fenofibrate					247:257	fenofibrate	247:257	fenofibrate	247:257	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	4	19	theme	%	577:577	arg1	variables					664:672	dependent variables	654:672	dependent variables	654:672	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	19	theme	%	577:577	arg1	angle					522:526	the angle	518:526	the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets	518:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	3	20	theme	formulation	383:393	arg1	parameters					395:404	various formulation parameters	375:404	various formulation parameters	375:404	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	8	21	theme	Liquisolid	970:979	arg1	technique					981:989	Liquisolid technique	970:989	Liquisolid technique	970:989	To conclude, Liquisolid technique is a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate.
24712439	8	21	theme	Liquisolid	970:979	arg1	strategy					1006:1013	a promising strategy	994:1013	a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate	994:1074	To conclude, Liquisolid technique is a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate.
24712439	5	22	theme	multiple	715:722	arg1	analysis					742:749	multiple linear regression analysis	715:749	multiple linear regression analysis	715:749	Optimization of formulation was done by multiple linear regression analysis.
24712439	4	23	theme	independent	490:500	arg1	X1					427:428	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	23	theme	independent	490:500	arg1	Amounts					407:413	Amounts	407:413	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3)	407:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	23	theme	independent	490:500	arg1	variables					502:510	independent variables	490:510	independent variables	490:510	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	23	theme	independent	490:500	arg1	X2					447:448	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	23	theme	independent	490:500	arg1	Aerosil					456:462	Aerosil 200	456:466	Aerosil 200 (X3)	456:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	24	theme	tablets	629:635	arg1	hardness					539:546	hardness	539:546	hardness	539:546	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	24	theme	tablets	629:635	arg1	time					564:567	disintegration time	549:567	disintegration time	549:567	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	24	theme	tablets	629:635	arg1	repose					531:536	repose	531:536	repose	531:536	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	24	theme	tablets	629:635	arg1	tablets					629:635	liquisolid tablets	618:635	liquisolid tablets	618:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	24	theme	tablets	629:635	arg1	%					577:577	T90%	574:577	T90%	574:577	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	8	25	theme	soluble	1056:1062	arg1	fenofibrate					1064:1074	poorly water soluble fenofibrate	1043:1074	poorly water soluble fenofibrate	1043:1074	To conclude, Liquisolid technique is a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate.
24712439	0	26	theme	liquisolid	27:36	arg1	tablets					38:44	fenofibrate liquisolid tablets	15:44	fenofibrate liquisolid tablets	15:44	Formulation of fenofibrate liquisolid tablets using central composite design.
24712439	7	27	from	dissolution	863:873	arg1	formulations					904:915	liquisolid formulations	893:915	liquisolid formulations	893:915	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations was enhanced compared to the pure form.
24712439	3	28	theme	various	375:381	arg1	parameters					395:404	various formulation parameters	375:404	various formulation parameters	375:404	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	3	29	theme	Liquisolid	284:293	arg1	formulation					295:305	Liquisolid formulation	284:305	Liquisolid formulation	284:305	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	2	30	theme	present	182:188	arg1	investigation					190:202	The present investigation	178:202	The present investigation	178:202	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	6	31	theme	greater	815:821	arg1	effect					823:828	greater effect	815:828	greater effect on dependant variables	815:851	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	4	32	theme	time	564:567	arg1	variables					664:672	dependent variables	654:672	dependent variables	654:672	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	32	theme	time	564:567	arg1	angle					522:526	the angle	518:526	the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets	518:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	8	33	theme	promising	996:1004	arg1	technique					981:989	Liquisolid technique	970:989	Liquisolid technique	970:989	To conclude, Liquisolid technique is a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate.
24712439	8	33	theme	promising	996:1004	arg1	strategy					1006:1013	a promising strategy	994:1013	a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate	994:1074	To conclude, Liquisolid technique is a promising strategy in improving dissolution of poorly water soluble fenofibrate.
24712439	0	34	theme	tablets	38:44	arg1	Formulation					0:10	Formulation	0:10	Formulation of fenofibrate liquisolid tablets	0:44	Formulation of fenofibrate liquisolid tablets using central composite design.
24712439	5	35	theme	formulation	691:701	arg1	Optimization					675:686	Optimization	675:686	Optimization of formulation	675:701	Optimization of formulation was done by multiple linear regression analysis.
24712439	2	36	theme	tablets	236:242	arg1	formulation					210:220	formulation	210:220	formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent	210:281	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	5	37	theme	linear	724:729	arg1	analysis					742:749	multiple linear regression analysis	715:749	multiple linear regression analysis	715:749	Optimization of formulation was done by multiple linear regression analysis.
24712439	0	38	theme	composite	60:68	arg1	design					70:75	central composite design	52:75	central composite design	52:75	Formulation of fenofibrate liquisolid tablets using central composite design.
24712439	6	39	dep	indicated	764:772	arg1	show					810:813	show	810:813	indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables	764:851	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	4	40	theme	PH	439:440	arg1	X2					447:448	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	2	41	theme	liquisolid	225:234	arg1	tablets					236:242	liquisolid tablets	225:242	liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent	225:281	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	1	42	used	used	115:118	arg2	technique					89:97	Liquisolid technique	78:97	Liquisolid technique	78:97	Liquisolid technique has been widely used to enhance the dissolution of poorly water soluble drugs.
24712439	0	43	theme	central	52:58	arg1	design					70:75	central composite design	52:75	central composite design	52:75	Formulation of fenofibrate liquisolid tablets using central composite design.
24712439	6	44	theme	dependant	833:841	arg1	variables					843:851	dependant variables	833:851	dependant variables	833:851	The results indicated amounts of PEG 600 and Aviel PH 102 show greater effect on dependant variables.
24712439	7	45	dep	In	854:855	arg1	vitro					857:861	vitro	857:861	vitro	857:861	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations was enhanced compared to the pure form.
24712439	2	46	theme	lipid	262:266	arg1	agent					277:281	a lipid lowering agent	260:281	a lipid lowering agent	260:281	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	2	46	theme	lipid	262:266	arg1	fenofibrate					247:257	fenofibrate	247:257	fenofibrate	247:257	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	4	47	theme	liquisolid	618:627	arg1	tablets					629:635	liquisolid tablets	618:635	liquisolid tablets	618:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	48	theme	hardness	539:546	arg1	variables					664:672	dependent variables	654:672	dependent variables	654:672	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	48	theme	hardness	539:546	arg1	angle					522:526	the angle	518:526	the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets	518:635	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	7	49	theme	pure	946:949	arg1	form					951:954	the pure form	942:954	the pure form	942:954	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations was enhanced compared to the pure form.
24712439	5	50	theme	regression	731:740	arg1	analysis					742:749	multiple linear regression analysis	715:749	multiple linear regression analysis	715:749	Optimization of formulation was done by multiple linear regression analysis.
24712439	7	51	theme	liquisolid	893:902	arg1	formulations					904:915	liquisolid formulations	893:915	liquisolid formulations	893:915	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations was enhanced compared to the pure form.
24712439	3	52	theme	composite	340:348	arg1	CCD					358:360	CCD	358:360	CCD	358:360	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	3	52	theme	composite	340:348	arg1	design					350:355	central composite design	332:355	central composite design (CCD)	332:361	Liquisolid formulation was prepared by applying central composite design (CCD) to optimize various formulation parameters.
24712439	4	53	theme	X1	427:428	arg1	Aerosil					456:462	Aerosil 200	456:466	Aerosil 200 (X3)	456:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	53	theme	X1	427:428	arg1	X1					427:428	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	53	theme	X1	427:428	arg1	variables					502:510	independent variables	490:510	independent variables	490:510	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	53	theme	X1	427:428	arg1	X2					447:448	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	53	theme	X1	427:428	arg1	Amounts					407:413	Amounts	407:413	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3)	407:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	53	theme	X1	427:428	arg1	X3					469:470	X3	469:470	X3	469:470	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	54	theme	release	597:603	arg1	%					607:607	release 90%	597:607	release 90% drug	597:612	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	55	theme	disintegration	549:562	arg1	time					564:567	disintegration time	549:567	disintegration time	549:567	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	56	theme	Aerosil	456:462	arg1	Aerosil					456:462	Aerosil 200	456:466	Aerosil 200 (X3)	456:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	56	theme	Aerosil	456:462	arg1	X1					427:428	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	PEG 600 (X1)	418:429	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	56	theme	Aerosil	456:462	arg1	variables					502:510	independent variables	490:510	independent variables	490:510	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	56	theme	Aerosil	456:462	arg1	X2					447:448	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Avicel PH 102 (X2)	432:449	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	56	theme	Aerosil	456:462	arg1	Amounts					407:413	Amounts	407:413	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3)	407:471	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	4	56	theme	Aerosil	456:462	arg1	X3					469:470	X3	469:470	X3	469:470	Amounts of PEG 600 (X1), Avicel PH 102 (X2), and Aerosil 200 (X3) were selected as independent variables while the angle of repose, hardness, disintegration time, and T90% (time required to release 90% drug) of liquisolid tablets were selected as dependent variables.
24712439	2	57	theme	fenofibrate	247:257	arg1	tablets					236:242	liquisolid tablets	225:242	liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent	225:281	The present investigation is on formulation of liquisolid tablets of fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent.
24712439	7	58	theme	fenofibrate	878:888	arg1	dissolution					863:873	In vitro dissolution	854:873	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations	854:915	In vitro dissolution of fenofibrate in liquisolid formulations was enhanced compared to the pure form.
27571332	7	0	theme	proteins	1053:1060	arg1	presence					1041:1048	the presence	1037:1048	the presence of proteins	1037:1060	Furthermore, it was found that the color loss associated with CMC additions required the presence of proteins and cannot be observed with CMC and anthocyanins alone.
27571332	3	1	theme	wines	458:462	arg1	Seventy-four					436:447	Seventy-four	436:447	Seventy-four	436:447	Seventy-four of these wines showed a precipitation within 14 days independent of the CMC product used.
27571332	3	1	theme	wines	458:462	arg1	wines					458:462	these wines	452:462	these wines	452:462	Seventy-four of these wines showed a precipitation within 14 days independent of the CMC product used.
27571332	1	2	theme	cellulose	202:210	arg1	addition					176:183	the addition	172:183	the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	172:216	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	7	3	theme	CMC	1014:1016	arg1	additions					1018:1026	CMC additions	1014:1026	CMC additions	1014:1026	Furthermore, it was found that the color loss associated with CMC additions required the presence of proteins and cannot be observed with CMC and anthocyanins alone.
27571332	6	4	theme	model	936:940	arg1	solution					942:949	wine-like model solution	926:949	wine-like model solution	926:949	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	4	5	theme	representative	564:577	arg1	samples					579:585	four representative samples	559:585	four representative samples	559:585	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	4	6	theme	solids	724:729	arg1	nature					710:715	the nature	706:715	the nature of the solids	706:729	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	6	7	theme	wine-like	926:934	arg1	solution					942:949	wine-like model solution	926:949	wine-like model solution	926:949	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	0	8	theme	Red	77:79	arg1	Wine					81:84	Red Wine	77:84	Red Wine	77:84	Rationale for Haze Formation after Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine.
27571332	3	9	theme	independent	502:512	arg1	days					497:500	14 days	494:500	14 days independent of the CMC product used	494:536	Seventy-four of these wines showed a precipitation within 14 days independent of the CMC product used.
27571332	2	10	theme	grape	312:316	arg1	varieties					318:326	eight grape varieties	306:326	eight grape varieties	306:326	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties were collected, tested with two commercial CMC products, and analyzed for susceptibility to haze formation.
27571332	2	11	theme	Ninety	269:274	arg1	wines					287:291	Ninety commercial wines	269:291	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties	269:326	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties were collected, tested with two commercial CMC products, and analyzed for susceptibility to haze formation.
27571332	1	12	theme	red	157:159	arg1	wine					161:164	red wine	157:164	red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	157:216	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	4	13	theme	CHNS	636:639	arg1	composition					623:633	elemental composition	613:633	elemental composition (CHNS analysis)	613:649	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	4	13	theme	CHNS	636:639	arg1	analysis					641:648	CHNS analysis	636:648	CHNS analysis	636:648	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	5	14	theme	%	806:806	arg1	CMC					808:810	50% CMC	804:810	50% CMC	804:810	All of the precipitates were composed of approximately 50% proteins and 50% CMC and polyphenols.
27571332	4	15	theme	elemental	613:621	arg1	composition					623:633	elemental composition	613:633	elemental composition (CHNS analysis)	613:649	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	4	15	theme	elemental	613:621	arg1	analysis					641:648	CHNS analysis	636:648	CHNS analysis	636:648	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	6	16	from	solution	942:949	arg1	interactions					856:867	the interactions	852:867	the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin	852:904	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	6	16	from	solution	942:949	arg1	dependent					913:921	dependent	913:921	dependent	913:921	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	3	17	theme	CMC	521:523	arg1	product					525:531	the CMC product	517:531	the CMC product used	517:536	Seventy-four of these wines showed a precipitation within 14 days independent of the CMC product used.
27571332	1	18	theme	haze	139:142	arg1	formation					144:152	haze formation	139:152	haze formation	139:152	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	7	19	theme	color	987:991	arg1	loss					993:996	the color loss	983:996	the color loss associated with CMC additions	983:1026	Furthermore, it was found that the color loss associated with CMC additions required the presence of proteins and cannot be observed with CMC and anthocyanins alone.
27571332	3	20	theme	product	525:531	arg1	independent					502:512	independent	502:512	independent	502:512	Seventy-four of these wines showed a precipitation within 14 days independent of the CMC product used.
27571332	1	21	theme	formation	144:152	arg1	source					129:134	the source	125:134	the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	125:216	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	0	22	theme	Haze	14:17	arg1	Formation					19:27	Haze Formation	14:27	Haze Formation	14:27	Rationale for Haze Formation after Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine.
27571332	2	23	theme	CMC	371:373	arg1	products					375:382	two commercial CMC products	356:382	two commercial CMC products	356:382	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties were collected, tested with two commercial CMC products, and analyzed for susceptibility to haze formation.
27571332	0	24	theme	Carboxymethyl	35:47	arg1	Addition					65:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition	35:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine	35:84	Rationale for Haze Formation after Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine.
27571332	6	25	from	dependent	913:921	arg1	solution					942:949	wine-like model solution	926:949	wine-like model solution	926:949	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	2	26	theme	commercial	360:369	arg1	products					375:382	two commercial CMC products	356:382	two commercial CMC products	356:382	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties were collected, tested with two commercial CMC products, and analyzed for susceptibility to haze formation.
27571332	2	27	theme	haze	420:423	arg1	formation					425:433	haze formation	420:433	haze formation	420:433	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties were collected, tested with two commercial CMC products, and analyzed for susceptibility to haze formation.
27571332	6	28	theme	serum	892:896	arg1	albumin					898:904	bovine serum albumin	885:904	bovine serum albumin	885:904	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	5	29	theme	50	804:805	arg1	%					806:806	%	806:806	%	806:806	All of the precipitates were composed of approximately 50% proteins and 50% CMC and polyphenols.
27571332	6	30	theme	bovine	885:890	arg1	albumin					898:904	bovine serum albumin	885:904	bovine serum albumin	885:904	It was determined that the interactions between CMC and bovine serum albumin are pH dependent in wine-like model solution.
27571332	4	31	theme	different	672:680	arg1	conditions					682:691	different conditions	672:691	different conditions	672:691	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	0	32	theme	Cellulose	49:57	arg1	Addition					65:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition	35:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine	35:84	Rationale for Haze Formation after Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine.
27571332	1	33	theme	precipitation	254:266	arg1	dynamics					242:249	the dynamics	238:249	the dynamics of precipitation	238:266	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	5	34	dep	proteins	791:798	arg1	%					789:789	%	789:789	%	789:789	All of the precipitates were composed of approximately 50% proteins and 50% CMC and polyphenols.
27571332	2	35	theme	commercial	276:285	arg1	wines					287:291	Ninety commercial wines	269:291	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties	269:326	Ninety commercial wines representing eight grape varieties were collected, tested with two commercial CMC products, and analyzed for susceptibility to haze formation.
27571332	1	36	theme	study	103:107	arg1	aim					91:93	The aim	87:93	The aim of this study	87:107	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	5	37	dep	%	789:789	arg1	50					787:788	50	787:788	50	787:788	All of the precipitates were composed of approximately 50% proteins and 50% CMC and polyphenols.
27571332	4	38	theme	samples	579:585	arg1	precipitates					543:554	The precipitates	539:554	The precipitates of four representative samples	539:585	The precipitates of four representative samples were further analyzed for elemental composition (CHNS analysis) and solubility under different conditions to determine the nature of the solids.
27571332	0	39	theme	CMC	60:62	arg1	Addition					65:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition	35:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine	35:84	Rationale for Haze Formation after Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine.
27571332	0	40	dep	Rationale	0:8	arg1	Addition					65:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition	35:72	Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine	35:84	Rationale for Haze Formation after Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Addition to Red Wine.
27571332	1	41	from	source	129:134	arg1	wine					161:164	red wine	157:164	red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	157:216	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	1	42	theme	carboxymethyl	188:200	arg1	CMC					213:215	CMC	213:215	CMC	213:215	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
27571332	1	42	theme	carboxymethyl	188:200	arg1	cellulose					202:210	carboxymethyl cellulose	188:210	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	188:216	The aim of this study was to identify the source of haze formation in red wine after the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and to characterize the dynamics of precipitation.
25664363	0	0	theme	fatty	66:70	arg1	acids					72:76	fatty acids	66:76	fatty acids	66:76	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	2	1	theme	leaf	424:427	arg1	material					429:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	1	2	theme	polar	215:219	arg1	adsorption					250:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	2	3	theme	plant	418:422	arg1	material					429:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	3	4	theme	biomaterial	602:612	arg1	adsorbents					614:623	biomaterial adsorbents	602:623	biomaterial adsorbents	602:623	Activated carbon (AC) was found to be lower potential adsorbent to adsorb TMA when compared to biomaterial adsorbents.
25664363	1	5	theme	plant	130:134	arg1	adsorbents					200:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents	182:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	182:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	1	5	theme	plant	130:134	arg1	materials					141:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	1	6	theme	gaseous	221:227	arg1	adsorption					250:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	6	7	theme	components	1215:1224	arg1	quantity					1076:1083	a large quantity	1068:1083	a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption	1068:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	7	8	theme	plant	1316:1320	arg1	biosorbent					1348:1357	a superior biosorbent	1337:1357	a superior biosorbent for TMA removal	1337:1373	Hence, it has been demonstrated that plant biomaterial is a superior biosorbent for TMA removal.
25664363	7	8	theme	plant	1316:1320	arg1	biomaterial					1322:1332	plant biomaterial	1316:1332	plant biomaterial	1316:1332	Hence, it has been demonstrated that plant biomaterial is a superior biosorbent for TMA removal.
25664363	6	9	theme	biomaterial	1045:1055	arg1	wax					1057:1059	biomaterial wax	1045:1059	biomaterial wax	1045:1059	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	4	10	theme	gaseous	687:693	arg1	monolayer					708:716	the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer	683:716	the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer	683:716	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	1	11	theme	trimethylamine	229:242	arg1	adsorption					250:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	0	12	theme	acids	72:76	arg1	effect					56:61	effect	56:61	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	5	13	theme	high	974:977	arg1	amounts					979:985	high amounts	974:985	high amounts in plant leaf	974:999	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	5	14	theme	TMA	874:876	arg1	%					863:863	69%	861:863	69% of total TMA	861:876	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	5	14	theme	TMA	874:876	arg1	TMA					874:876	total TMA	868:876	total TMA	868:876	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	6	15	theme	total	1200:1204	arg1	components					1215:1224	total aromatic components	1200:1224	total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption	1200:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	4	16	theme	order	774:778	arg1	data					640:643	adsorption data	629:643	adsorption data	629:643	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	4	16	theme	order	774:778	arg1	model					788:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	4	17	theme	adsorbed	699:706	arg1	monolayer					708:716	the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer	683:716	the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer	683:716	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	1	18	theme	leaf	136:139	arg1	adsorbents					200:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents	182:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	182:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	1	18	theme	leaf	136:139	arg1	materials					141:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	0	19	theme	alkanes	79:85	arg1	effect					56:61	effect	56:61	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	4	20	theme	pseudo-second	760:772	arg1	data					640:643	adsorption data	629:643	adsorption data	629:643	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	4	20	theme	pseudo-second	760:772	arg1	model					788:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	2	21	theme	Sansevieria	372:382	arg1	trifasciata					384:394	24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata	366:394	24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata	366:394	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	22	theme	TMA	1263:1265	arg1	adsorption					1267:1276	TMA adsorption	1263:1276	TMA adsorption	1263:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	23	theme	TMA	345:347	arg1	TMA					345:347	total TMA	339:347	total TMA (100 ppm)	339:357	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	23	theme	TMA	345:347	arg1	ppm					354:356	100 ppm	350:356	100 ppm	350:356	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	23	theme	TMA	345:347	arg1	%					334:334	100%	331:334	100% of total TMA (100 ppm)	331:357	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	5	24	theme	plant	990:994	arg1	leaf					996:999	plant leaf	990:999	plant leaf	990:999	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	2	25	dep	adsorbing	303:311	arg1	material					429:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	26	theme	alkanes	1171:1177	arg1	quantity					1076:1083	a large quantity	1068:1083	a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption	1068:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	27	theme	total	339:343	arg1	TMA					345:347	total TMA	339:347	total TMA (100 ppm)	339:357	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	27	theme	total	339:343	arg1	ppm					354:356	100 ppm	350:356	100 ppm	350:356	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	0	28	theme	Trimethylamine	0:13	arg1	adsorption					28:37	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption	0:37	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	1	29	theme	TMA	245:247	arg1	adsorption					250:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	215:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	4	30	theme	kinetic	780:786	arg1	data					640:643	adsorption data	629:643	adsorption data	629:643	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	4	30	theme	kinetic	780:786	arg1	model					788:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	4	31	theme	Langmuir	650:657	arg1	isotherm					659:666	the Langmuir isotherm	646:666	the Langmuir isotherm	646:666	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	0	32	theme	odor	22:25	arg1	adsorption					28:37	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption	0:37	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	0	33	theme	aromatic	92:99	arg1	compounds					101:109	aromatic compounds	92:109	aromatic compounds	92:109	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	0	34	theme	fishy	16:20	arg1	adsorption					28:37	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption	0:37	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	2	35	theme	Biomaterial	262:272	arg1	adsorbents					274:283	Biomaterial adsorbents	262:283	Biomaterial adsorbents	262:283	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	36	dep	acids	1106:1110	arg1	C18					1149:1151	C18	1149:1151	C18	1149:1151	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	36	dep	acids	1106:1110	arg1	acid					1143:1146	octadecanoic acid	1130:1146	octadecanoic acid (C18)	1130:1152	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	37	theme	effective	408:416	arg1	material					429:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	the most effective plant leaf material	399:436	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	4	38	theme	adsorption	629:638	arg1	data					640:643	adsorption data	629:643	adsorption data	629:643	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	4	38	theme	adsorption	629:638	arg1	model					788:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	pseudo-second order kinetic model	760:792	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	6	39	theme	acids	1106:1110	arg1	quantity					1076:1083	a large quantity	1068:1083	a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption	1068:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	40	theme	large	1070:1074	arg1	quantity					1076:1083	a large quantity	1068:1083	a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption	1068:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	5	41	dep	h.	888:889	arg1	adsorbed					917:924	adsorbed	917:924	was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf	913:999	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	6	42	theme	octadecanoic	1130:1141	arg1	C18					1149:1151	C18	1149:1151	C18	1149:1151	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	42	theme	octadecanoic	1130:1141	arg1	acid					1143:1146	octadecanoic acid	1130:1146	octadecanoic acid (C18)	1130:1152	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	0	43	theme	compounds	101:109	arg1	effect					56:61	effect	56:61	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	0	44	from	effect	56:61	arg1	waxes					114:118	waxes	114:118	waxes	114:118	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	2	45	theme	h.	369:370	arg1	trifasciata					384:394	24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata	366:394	24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata	366:394	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	0	46	dep	adsorption	28:37	arg1	effect					56:61	effect	56:61	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.	0:119	Trimethylamine (fishy odor) adsorption by biomaterials: effect of fatty acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in waxes.
25664363	6	47	theme	short-chain	1159:1169	arg1	alkanes					1171:1177	short-chain alkanes	1159:1177	short-chain alkanes (C12-C18)	1159:1187	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	47	theme	short-chain	1159:1169	arg1	C12-C18					1180:1186	C12-C18	1180:1186	C12-C18	1180:1186	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	48	theme	TMA	321:323	arg1	up					325:326	gaseous TMA up	313:326	gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm)	313:357	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	49	theme	TMA	491:493	arg1	adsorption					495:504	TMA adsorption	491:504	TMA adsorption	491:504	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	50	theme	fatty	1100:1104	arg1	acids					1106:1110	short-chain fatty acids	1088:1110	short-chain fatty acids (≤C18)	1088:1117	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	50	theme	fatty	1100:1104	arg1	≤C18					1113:1116	≤C18	1113:1116	≤C18	1113:1116	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	51	theme	gaseous	313:319	arg1	up					325:326	gaseous TMA up	313:326	gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm)	313:357	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	3	52	theme	Activated	507:515	arg1	AC					525:526	AC	525:526	AC	525:526	Activated carbon (AC) was found to be lower potential adsorbent to adsorb TMA when compared to biomaterial adsorbents.
25664363	3	52	theme	Activated	507:515	arg1	carbon					517:522	Activated carbon	507:522	Activated carbon (AC)	507:527	Activated carbon (AC) was found to be lower potential adsorbent to adsorb TMA when compared to biomaterial adsorbents.
25664363	2	53	from	adsorption	495:504	arg1	indicus					456:462	Plerocarpus indicus	444:462	Plerocarpus indicus	444:462	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	2	53	from	adsorption	495:504	arg1	effective					478:486	effective	478:486	effective	478:486	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	5	54	theme	gaseous	843:849	arg1	up					855:856	gaseous TMA up	843:856	gaseous TMA up	843:856	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	6	55	theme	short-chain	1088:1098	arg1	acids					1106:1110	short-chain fatty acids	1088:1110	short-chain fatty acids (≤C18)	1088:1117	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	55	theme	short-chain	1088:1098	arg1	≤C18					1113:1116	≤C18	1113:1116	≤C18	1113:1116	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25664363	5	56	theme	TMA	909:911	arg1	TMA					909:911	TMA	909:911	TMA	909:911	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	5	56	theme	TMA	909:911	arg1	%					904:904	Another 27-63%	891:904	Another 27-63% of TMA	891:911	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	5	57	theme	TMA	851:853	arg1	up					855:856	gaseous TMA up	843:856	gaseous TMA up	843:856	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	1	58	theme	dried	182:186	arg1	adsorbents					200:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents	182:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	182:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	1	58	theme	dried	182:186	arg1	materials					141:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	4	59	theme	TMA	695:697	arg1	monolayer					708:716	the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer	683:716	the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer	683:716	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	5	60	theme	total	868:872	arg1	TMA					874:876	total TMA	868:876	total TMA	868:876	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	1	61	theme	biomaterial	188:198	arg1	adsorbents					200:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents	182:209	dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption	182:259	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	1	61	theme	biomaterial	188:198	arg1	materials					141:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials	121:149	Thirteen plant leaf materials were selected to be applied as dried biomaterial adsorbents for polar gaseous trimethylamine (TMA) adsorption.
25664363	7	62	theme	superior	1339:1346	arg1	biosorbent					1348:1357	a superior biosorbent	1337:1357	a superior biosorbent for TMA removal	1337:1373	Hence, it has been demonstrated that plant biomaterial is a superior biosorbent for TMA removal.
25664363	7	62	theme	superior	1339:1346	arg1	biomaterial					1322:1332	plant biomaterial	1316:1332	plant biomaterial	1316:1332	Hence, it has been demonstrated that plant biomaterial is a superior biosorbent for TMA removal.
25664363	4	63	theme	adsorbent	725:733	arg1	surface					735:741	the adsorbent surface	721:741	the adsorbent surface	721:741	As adsorption data, the Langmuir isotherm supported that the gaseous TMA adsorbed monolayer on the adsorbent surface and was followed pseudo-second order kinetic model.
25664363	5	64	theme	plant	814:818	arg1	leaf					820:823	plant leaf	814:823	plant leaf	814:823	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	5	65	from	amounts	979:985	arg1	leaf					996:999	plant leaf	990:999	plant leaf	990:999	Wax extracted from plant leaf could also adsorb gaseous TMA up to 69% of total TMA within 24 h. Another 27-63% of TMA was adsorbed by cellulose and lignin that naturally occur in high amounts in plant leaf.
25664363	7	66	theme	TMA	1363:1365	arg1	removal					1367:1373	TMA removal	1363:1373	TMA removal	1363:1373	Hence, it has been demonstrated that plant biomaterial is a superior biosorbent for TMA removal.
25664363	2	67	from	effective	478:486	arg1	adsorption					495:504	TMA adsorption	491:504	TMA adsorption	491:504	Biomaterial adsorbents were efficient in adsorbing gaseous TMA up to 100% of total TMA (100 ppm) within 24 h. Sansevieria trifasciata is the most effective plant leaf material while Plerocarpus indicus was the least effective in TMA adsorption.
25664363	6	68	theme	aromatic	1206:1213	arg1	components					1215:1224	total aromatic components	1200:1224	total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption	1200:1276	Subsequently, the composition appearing in biomaterial wax showed a large quantity of short-chain fatty acids (≤C18) especially octadecanoic acid (C18), and short-chain alkanes (C12-C18) as well as total aromatic components dominated in the wax, which affected TMA adsorption.
25945047	3	0	theme	patient	418:424	arg1	compliance					426:435	patient compliance	418:435	patient compliance	418:435	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	6	1	theme	lung	1142:1145	arg1	cancer					1147:1152	lung cancer	1142:1152	lung cancer	1142:1152	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	6	2	contain	containing	1056:1065	arg1	formulation					1044:1054	the formulation	1040:1054	the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer	1040:1152	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	6	2	contain	containing	1056:1065	arg2	particles					1111:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	0	3	theme	lung	81:84	arg1	cancer					86:91	lung cancer	81:91	lung cancer	81:91	Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-chitosan composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	5	4	theme	cellular	923:930	arg1	tumoroids					944:952	tumoroids	944:952	tumoroids	944:952	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	5	4	theme	cellular	923:930	arg1	aggregates					932:941	NCI-H460 cellular aggregates	914:941	NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro	914:972	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	6	5	theme	PLGA-chitosan	1074:1086	arg1	particles					1111:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	5	6	contain	containing	825:834	arg1	formulation					813:823	The formulation	809:823	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	809:873	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	5	6	contain	containing	825:834	arg2	particles					865:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	3	7	theme	aforementioned	442:455	arg1	concept					457:463	the aforementioned concept	438:463	the aforementioned concept	438:463	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	6	8	theme	formulation	1044:1054	arg1	potential					1027:1035	the potential	1023:1035	the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer	1023:1152	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	1	9	theme	preferred	156:164	arg1	modes					166:170	the preferred modes	152:170	the preferred modes of treatment regimens	152:192	Tumor heterogeneity makes combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens.
25945047	0	10	theme	cancer	86:91	arg1	treatment					68:76	the treatment	64:76	the treatment of lung cancer	64:91	Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-chitosan composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	4	11	theme	TPT	804:806	arg1	release					793:799	delayed release	785:799	delayed release of TPT	785:806	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	4	12	theme	PLGA	716:719	arg1	microparticles					721:734	PLGA microparticles	716:734	PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT	716:806	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	1	13	theme	modes	166:170	arg1	chemotherapy					132:143	combination chemotherapy one	120:147	combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens	120:192	Tumor heterogeneity makes combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens.
25945047	2	14	theme	cell	377:380	arg1	NCI-H460					388:395	NCI-H460	388:395	NCI-H460	388:395	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	14	theme	cell	377:380	arg1	line					382:385	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	15	contain	have	313:316	arg1	exposure					220:227	sequential exposure	209:227	sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT),	209:298	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	15	contain	have	313:316	arg2	effect					332:337	a synergistic effect	318:337	a synergistic effect	318:337	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	3	16	theme	drug	487:490	arg1	system					501:506	a drug delivery system	485:506	a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	485:587	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	2	17	theme	synergistic	320:330	arg1	effect					332:337	a synergistic effect	318:337	a synergistic effect	318:337	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	3	18	theme	delivery	492:499	arg1	system					501:506	a drug delivery system	485:506	a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	485:587	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	1	19	theme	treatment	175:183	arg1	regimens					185:192	treatment regimens	175:192	treatment regimens	175:192	Tumor heterogeneity makes combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens.
25945047	2	20	theme	cancer	362:367	arg1	NCI-H460					388:395	NCI-H460	388:395	NCI-H460	388:395	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	20	theme	cancer	362:367	arg1	line					382:385	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	4	21	theme	electrospraying	676:690	arg1	technique					663:671	the facile technique	652:671	the facile technique of electrospraying	652:690	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	2	22	theme	lung	357:360	arg1	NSCLC					370:374	NSCLC	370:374	NSCLC	370:374	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	22	theme	lung	357:360	arg1	cancer					362:367	non-small cell lung cancer	342:367	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	4	23	theme	delayed	785:791	arg1	release					793:799	delayed release	785:799	delayed release of TPT	785:806	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	3	24	dep	poly	522:525	arg1	d					527:527	d	527:527	d	527:527	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	3	24	dep	poly	522:525	arg1	l-lactide-co-glycolide					529:550	l-lactide-co-glycolide	529:550	l-lactide-co-glycolide	529:550	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	2	25	theme	cell	352:355	arg1	NSCLC					370:374	NSCLC	370:374	NSCLC	370:374	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	25	theme	cell	352:355	arg1	cancer					362:367	non-small cell lung cancer	342:367	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	6	26	theme	Tx	1067:1068	arg1	particles					1111:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	2	27	theme	sequential	209:218	arg1	exposure					220:227	sequential exposure	209:227	sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT),	209:298	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	28	theme	non-small	342:350	arg1	NSCLC					370:374	NSCLC	370:374	NSCLC	370:374	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	28	theme	non-small	342:350	arg1	cancer					362:367	non-small cell lung cancer	342:367	non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line	342:385	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	0	29	theme	composite	40:48	arg1	particles					50:58	composite particles	40:58	composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer	40:91	Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-chitosan composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	5	30	theme	composite	855:863	arg1	particles					865:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	6	31	theme	TPT-loaded	1089:1098	arg1	particles					1111:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	1	32	theme	Tumor	94:98	arg1	heterogeneity					100:112	Tumor heterogeneity	94:112	Tumor heterogeneity	94:112	Tumor heterogeneity makes combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens.
25945047	4	33	theme	evaporation	759:769	arg1	technique					771:779	emulsion-solvent evaporation technique	742:779	emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT	742:806	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	4	34	theme	emulsion-solvent	742:757	arg1	technique					771:779	emulsion-solvent evaporation technique	742:779	emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT	742:806	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	2	35	theme	agents	247:252	arg1	exposure					220:227	sequential exposure	209:227	sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT),	209:298	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	3	36	theme	poly	522:525	arg1	particles					579:587	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	522:587	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	522:587	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	4	37	theme	facile	656:661	arg1	technique					663:671	the facile technique	652:671	the facile technique of electrospraying	652:690	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	5	38	theme	TPT-loaded	844:853	arg1	particles					865:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	6	39	theme	study	1004:1008	arg1	results					988:994	the results	984:994	the results of this study	984:1008	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	6	40	theme	cancer	1147:1152	arg1	treatment					1129:1137	the treatment	1125:1137	the treatment of lung cancer	1125:1152	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	3	41	theme	-chitosan	559:567	arg1	particles					579:587	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	522:587	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	522:587	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	2	42	theme	anticancer	236:245	arg1	paclitaxel					255:264	paclitaxel	255:264	paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT)	255:297	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	2	42	theme	anticancer	236:245	arg1	agents					247:252	two anticancer agents	232:252	two anticancer agents	232:252	In this work, sequential exposure of two anticancer agents, paclitaxel (Tx) followed by topotecan (TPT), was shown to have a synergistic effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460.
25945047	1	43	theme	combination	120:130	arg1	chemotherapy					132:143	combination chemotherapy one	120:147	combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens	120:192	Tumor heterogeneity makes combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens.
25945047	6	44	theme	composite	1101:1109	arg1	particles					1111:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles	1067:1119	Overall, the results of this study demonstrated the potential of the formulation containing Tx and PLGA-chitosan (TPT-loaded) composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	3	45	theme	composite	569:577	arg1	particles					579:587	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	522:587	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles	522:587	In order to improve patient compliance, the aforementioned concept was translated into a drug delivery system comprising of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-chitosan composite particles.
25945047	1	46	theme	regimens	185:192	arg1	modes					166:170	the preferred modes	152:170	the preferred modes of treatment regimens	152:192	Tumor heterogeneity makes combination chemotherapy one of the preferred modes of treatment regimens.
25945047	4	47	theme	chitosan	605:612	arg1	micro-/nanoparticles					614:633	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles	590:633	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles	590:633	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
25945047	5	48	theme	Tx-	836:838	arg1	particles					865:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles	836:873	The formulation containing Tx- and TPT-loaded composite particles demonstrated synergism when exposed to NCI-H460 cellular aggregates (tumoroids) generated in vitro.
25945047	0	49	dep	Poly	0:3	arg1	d					5:5	d	5:5	d	5:5	Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-chitosan composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	0	49	dep	Poly	0:3	arg1	l-lactide-co-glycolide					7:28	l-lactide-co-glycolide	7:28	l-lactide-co-glycolide	7:28	Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-chitosan composite particles for the treatment of lung cancer.
25945047	4	50	theme	TPT-containing	590:603	arg1	micro-/nanoparticles					614:633	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles	590:633	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles	590:633	TPT-containing chitosan micro-/nanoparticles were prepared by the facile technique of electrospraying and encapsulated within PLGA microparticles using emulsion-solvent evaporation technique for delayed release of TPT.
26508354	0	0	theme	ion	82:84	arg1	composition					86:96	ion composition	82:96	ion composition	82:96	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	6	1	theme	structures	1208:1217	arg1	types					1187:1191	two types	1183:1191	two types of interfacial structures	1183:1217	Furthermore, from X-ray reflectivity measurements we conclude that HA adsorbs to the hydrophilic part of DPPC, but data also suggest that two types of interfacial structures are formed at the interface.
26508354	4	2	theme	grazing	719:725	arg1	diffraction					736:746	grazing incident diffraction	719:746	grazing incident diffraction	719:746	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	0	3	theme	DPPC-hyaluronan	13:27	arg1	layers					41:46	DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers	13:46	DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers	13:46	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	5	4	theme	Langmuir	910:917	arg1	layer					919:923	the DPPC Langmuir layer	901:923	the DPPC Langmuir layer	901:923	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	8	5	theme	DPPC	1474:1477	arg1	behavior					1462:1469	the phase behavior	1452:1469	the phase behavior of DPPC	1452:1477	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	5	6	theme	calcium	1031:1037	arg1	ions					1039:1042	calcium ions	1031:1042	calcium ions	1031:1042	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	5	7	from	weight	999:1004	arg1	presence					1019:1026	presence	1019:1026	presence of calcium ions	1019:1042	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	2	8	theme	solution-air	399:410	arg1	interface					412:420	the solution-air interface	395:420	the solution-air interface	395:420	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	8	9	theme	DPPC	1585:1588	arg1	vesicles					1590:1597	DPPC vesicles	1585:1597	DPPC vesicles	1585:1597	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	6	10	theme	reflectivity	1069:1080	arg1	measurements					1082:1093	X-ray reflectivity measurements	1063:1093	X-ray reflectivity measurements	1063:1093	Furthermore, from X-ray reflectivity measurements we conclude that HA adsorbs to the hydrophilic part of DPPC, but data also suggest that two types of interfacial structures are formed at the interface.
26508354	8	11	theme	area	1391:1394	arg1	isotherms					1396:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	4	12	used	used	753:756	arg2	diffraction					736:746	grazing incident diffraction	719:746	grazing incident diffraction	719:746	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	4	12	used	used	753:756	arg2	microscopy					704:713	Brewster angle microscopy	689:713	Brewster angle microscopy	689:713	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	3	13	theme	resulting	577:585	arg1	structures					587:596	the resulting structures	573:596	the resulting structures	573:596	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	0	14	theme	composition	86:96	arg1	effects					50:56	effects	50:56	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.	0:97	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	8	15	used	used	1411:1414	arg2	isotherms					1396:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	3	16	theme	structures	587:596	arg1	picture					543:549	a comprehensive picture	527:549	a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures	527:596	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	1	17	theme	important	136:144	arg1	role					146:149	an important role	133:149	an important role	133:149	Hyaluronan and phospholipids play an important role in lubrication in articular joints and provide in combination with glycoproteins exceptionally low friction coefficients.
26508354	8	18	theme	electrophoretic	1485:1499	arg1	measurements					1510:1521	electrophoretic mobility measurements	1485:1521	electrophoretic mobility measurements	1485:1521	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	2	19	theme	structural	298:307	arg1	organization					309:320	the structural organization	294:320	the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface	294:420	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	5	20	theme	layer	919:923	arg1	macro					872:876	macro	872:876	macro	872:876	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	5	20	theme	layer	919:923	arg1	structure					888:896	micro structure	882:896	micro structure	882:896	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	1	21	theme	articular	169:177	arg1	joints					179:184	articular joints	169:184	articular joints	169:184	Hyaluronan and phospholipids play an important role in lubrication in articular joints and provide in combination with glycoproteins exceptionally low friction coefficients.
26508354	2	22	from	interface	412:420	arg1	organization					309:320	the structural organization	294:320	the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface	294:420	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	6	23	theme	X-ray	1063:1067	arg1	measurements					1082:1093	X-ray reflectivity measurements	1063:1093	X-ray reflectivity measurements	1063:1093	Furthermore, from X-ray reflectivity measurements we conclude that HA adsorbs to the hydrophilic part of DPPC, but data also suggest that two types of interfacial structures are formed at the interface.
26508354	8	24	theme	mobility	1501:1508	arg1	measurements					1510:1521	electrophoretic mobility measurements	1485:1521	electrophoretic mobility measurements	1485:1521	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	1	25	gly	glycoproteins	218:230	arg1	glycoproteins					218:230	glycoproteins	218:230	glycoproteins	218:230	Hyaluronan and phospholipids play an important role in lubrication in articular joints and provide in combination with glycoproteins exceptionally low friction coefficients.
26508354	5	26	theme	molecular	989:997	arg1	weight					999:1004	molecular weight	989:1004	molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions	989:1042	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	4	27	theme	Brewster	689:696	arg1	microscopy					704:713	Brewster angle microscopy	689:713	Brewster angle microscopy	689:713	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	5	28	theme	ions	1039:1042	arg1	presence					1019:1026	presence	1019:1026	presence of calcium ions	1019:1042	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	6	29	theme	hydrophilic	1130:1140	arg1	part					1142:1145	the hydrophilic part	1126:1145	the hydrophilic part of DPPC	1126:1153	Furthermore, from X-ray reflectivity measurements we conclude that HA adsorbs to the hydrophilic part of DPPC, but data also suggest that two types of interfacial structures are formed at the interface.
26508354	2	30	theme	length	435:440	arg1	scales					442:447	different length scales	425:447	different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA)	425:497	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	0	31	theme	interfacial	29:39	arg1	layers					41:46	DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers	13:46	DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers	13:46	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	3	32	dep	allows	505:510	arg1	affected					616:623	affected	616:623	are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions	612:686	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	4	33	theme	lateral	775:781	arg1	structure					783:791	the lateral structure	771:791	the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale	771:821	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	6	34	theme	interfacial	1196:1206	arg1	structures					1208:1217	interfacial structures	1196:1217	interfacial structures	1196:1217	Furthermore, from X-ray reflectivity measurements we conclude that HA adsorbs to the hydrophilic part of DPPC, but data also suggest that two types of interfacial structures are formed at the interface.
26508354	7	35	theme	hydrophobic	1262:1272	arg1	forces					1274:1279	hydrophobic forces	1262:1279	hydrophobic forces	1262:1279	We argue that hydrophobic forces and electrostatic interactions play important rules for the association between DPPC and HA.
26508354	2	36	theme	hyaluronan	483:492	arg1	adsorption					469:478	the adsorption	465:478	the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA)	465:497	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	4	37	theme	micro-	800:805	arg1	scale					817:821	the micro- and macro scale	796:821	the micro- and macro scale	796:821	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	8	38	from	influence	1433:1441	arg1	behavior					1462:1469	the phase behavior	1452:1469	the phase behavior of DPPC	1452:1477	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	2	39	theme	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	325:367	arg1	layers					385:390	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers	325:390	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers	325:390	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	5	40	theme	micro	882:886	arg1	structure					888:896	micro structure	882:896	micro structure	882:896	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	4	41	theme	incident	727:734	arg1	diffraction					736:746	grazing incident diffraction	719:746	grazing incident diffraction	719:746	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	8	42	used	used	1528:1531	arg2	measurements					1510:1521	electrophoretic mobility measurements	1485:1521	electrophoretic mobility measurements	1485:1521	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	5	43	dep	macro	872:876	arg1	the					868:870	the	868:870	the	868:870	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	7	44	theme	electrostatic	1285:1297	arg1	interactions					1299:1310	electrostatic interactions	1285:1310	electrostatic interactions	1285:1310	We argue that hydrophobic forces and electrostatic interactions play important rules for the association between DPPC and HA.
26508354	5	45	theme	HA	857:858	arg1	influence					844:852	an influence	841:852	an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer	841:923	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	0	46	theme	layers	41:46	arg1	Structure					0:8	Structure	0:8	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.	0:97	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	1	47	with	combination	201:211	arg1	glycoproteins					218:230	glycoproteins	218:230	glycoproteins	218:230	Hyaluronan and phospholipids play an important role in lubrication in articular joints and provide in combination with glycoproteins exceptionally low friction coefficients.
26508354	5	48	theme	HA	1009:1010	arg1	weight					999:1004	molecular weight	989:1004	molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions	989:1042	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	7	49	theme	important	1317:1325	arg1	rules					1327:1331	important rules	1317:1331	important rules for the association between DPPC and HA	1317:1371	We argue that hydrophobic forces and electrostatic interactions play important rules for the association between DPPC and HA.
26508354	5	50	theme	effect	956:961	arg1	strength					939:946	the strength	935:946	the strength of this effect	935:961	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	8	51	theme	phase	1456:1460	arg1	behavior					1462:1469	the phase behavior	1452:1469	the phase behavior of DPPC	1452:1477	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	5	52	theme	DPPC	905:908	arg1	layer					919:923	the DPPC Langmuir layer	901:923	the DPPC Langmuir layer	901:923	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	8	53	theme	pressure	1382:1389	arg1	isotherms					1396:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	8	54	theme	HA	1446:1447	arg1	influence					1433:1441	the influence	1429:1441	the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC	1429:1477	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	8	55	theme	Surface	1374:1380	arg1	isotherms					1396:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms	1374:1404	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	5	56	from	influence	844:852	arg1	macro					872:876	macro	872:876	macro	872:876	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	5	56	from	influence	844:852	arg1	structure					888:896	micro structure	882:896	micro structure	882:896	The data reveals an influence of HA on both the macro and micro structure of the DPPC Langmuir layer, and that the strength of this effect increases with decreasing molecular weight of HA and in presence of calcium ions.
26508354	3	57	theme	comprehensive	529:541	arg1	picture					543:549	a comprehensive picture	527:549	a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures	527:596	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	4	58	theme	macro	811:815	arg1	scale					817:821	the micro- and macro scale	796:821	the micro- and macro scale	796:821	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	4	59	theme	angle	698:702	arg1	microscopy					704:713	Brewster angle microscopy	689:713	Brewster angle microscopy	689:713	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	2	60	theme	layers	385:390	arg1	organization					309:320	the structural organization	294:320	the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface	294:420	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	8	61	theme	calcium	1569:1575	arg1	ions					1577:1580	calcium ions	1569:1580	calcium ions	1569:1580	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	3	62	theme	calcium	675:681	arg1	ions					683:686	calcium ions	675:686	calcium ions	675:686	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	3	63	theme	HA	652:653	arg1	presence					663:670	the presence	659:670	the presence of calcium ions	659:686	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	3	63	theme	HA	652:653	arg1	weight					642:647	the molecular weight	628:647	the molecular weight of HA	628:653	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	2	64	theme	Langmuir	376:383	arg1	layers					385:390	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers	325:390	1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers	325:390	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	1	65	theme	low	246:248	arg1	coefficients					259:270	exceptionally low friction coefficients	232:270	exceptionally low friction coefficients	232:270	Hyaluronan and phospholipids play an important role in lubrication in articular joints and provide in combination with glycoproteins exceptionally low friction coefficients.
26508354	0	66	theme	weight	71:76	arg1	effects					50:56	effects	50:56	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.	0:97	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	3	67	theme	ions	683:686	arg1	presence					663:670	the presence	659:670	the presence of calcium ions	659:686	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	3	67	theme	ions	683:686	arg1	weight					642:647	the molecular weight	628:647	the molecular weight of HA	628:653	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	3	68	theme	molecular	632:640	arg1	weight					642:647	the molecular weight	628:647	the molecular weight of HA	628:653	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	4	69	from	scale	817:821	arg1	structure					783:791	the lateral structure	771:791	the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale	771:821	Brewster angle microscopy and grazing incident diffraction were used to determine the lateral structure at the micro- and macro scale.
26508354	2	70	theme	different	425:433	arg1	scales					442:447	different length scales	425:447	different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA)	425:497	We have investigated the structural organization of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) Langmuir layers at the solution-air interface at different length scales with respect to the adsorption of hyaluronan (HA).
26508354	6	71	theme	DPPC	1150:1153	arg1	part					1142:1145	the hydrophilic part	1126:1145	the hydrophilic part of DPPC	1126:1153	Furthermore, from X-ray reflectivity measurements we conclude that HA adsorbs to the hydrophilic part of DPPC, but data also suggest that two types of interfacial structures are formed at the interface.
26508354	1	72	theme	friction	250:257	arg1	coefficients					259:270	exceptionally low friction coefficients	232:270	exceptionally low friction coefficients	232:270	Hyaluronan and phospholipids play an important role in lubrication in articular joints and provide in combination with glycoproteins exceptionally low friction coefficients.
26508354	0	73	theme	molecular	61:69	arg1	weight					71:76	molecular weight	61:76	molecular weight	61:76	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	0	74	dep	Structure	0:8	arg1	effects					50:56	effects	50:56	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.	0:97	Structure of DPPC-hyaluronan interfacial layers - effects of molecular weight and ion composition.
26508354	3	75	theme	adsorption	558:567	arg1	picture					543:549	a comprehensive picture	527:549	a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures	527:596	This allows us to assemble a comprehensive picture of the adsorption and the resulting structures, and how they are affected by the molecular weight of HA and the presence of calcium ions.
26508354	8	76	theme	ions	1577:1580	arg1	hyaluronan					1603:1612	hyaluronan	1603:1612	hyaluronan	1603:1612	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26508354	8	76	theme	ions	1577:1580	arg1	binding					1558:1564	the binding	1554:1564	the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles	1554:1597	Surface pressure area isotherms were used to determine the influence of HA on the phase behavior of DPPC while electrophoretic mobility measurements were used to gain insight into the binding of calcium ions to DPPC vesicles and hyaluronan.
26482732	6	0	dep	composition	1227:1237	arg1	the					1223:1225	the	1223:1225	the	1223:1225	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	6	1	theme	tissues	1263:1269	arg1	organization					1243:1254	organization	1243:1254	organization	1243:1254	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	6	1	theme	tissues	1263:1269	arg1	composition					1227:1237	composition	1227:1237	composition	1227:1237	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	3	2	dep	absence	553:559	arg1	the					549:551	the	549:551	the	549:551	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	1	3	from	transport	86:94	arg1	tissues					99:105	tissues	99:105	tissues	99:105	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	7	4	theme	greater	1313:1319	arg1	mobility					1337:1344	greater electrophoretic mobility	1313:1344	greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation	1313:1427	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	9	5	theme	tissue	1702:1707	arg1	type					1709:1712	tissue type	1702:1712	tissue type	1702:1712	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	0	6	from	transport	10:18	arg1	tissues					35:41	collagenous tissues	23:41	collagenous tissues	23:41	Molecular transport in collagenous tissues measured by gel electrophoresis.
26482732	7	7	theme	fiber	1411:1415	arg1	orientation					1417:1427	collagen fiber orientation	1402:1427	collagen fiber orientation	1402:1427	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	1	8	theme	waste	156:160	arg1	removal					162:168	waste removal	156:168	waste removal	156:168	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	6	9	from	differences	1208:1218	arg1	organization					1243:1254	organization	1243:1254	organization	1243:1254	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	6	9	from	differences	1208:1218	arg1	composition					1227:1237	composition	1227:1237	composition	1227:1237	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	2	10	theme	molecular	330:338	arg1	transport					340:348	molecular transport	330:348	molecular transport in collagenous tissues	330:371	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	3	11	theme	electrophoretic	378:392	arg1	mobility					394:401	The electrophoretic mobility	374:401	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples	374:440	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	3	12	theme	agarose	534:540	arg1	gel					542:544	an agarose gel	531:544	an agarose gel	531:544	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	4	13	theme	tissue	735:740	arg1	anisotropy					742:751	tissue anisotropy	735:751	tissue anisotropy	735:751	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	9	14	theme	gel	1564:1566	arg1	method					1600:1605	a useful method	1591:1605	a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1591:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	9	14	theme	gel	1564:1566	arg1	electrophoresis					1568:1582	gel electrophoresis	1564:1582	gel electrophoresis	1564:1582	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	9	15	theme	study	1545:1549	arg1	results					1529:1535	the results	1525:1535	the results of this study	1525:1549	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	5	16	theme	bovine	943:948	arg1	tendon					957:962	the bovine flexor tendon	939:962	the bovine flexor tendon	939:962	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	6	17	theme	tendon	1095:1100	arg1	region					1081:1086	the compressive region	1065:1086	the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon,	1065:1160	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	5	18	from	tensile	894:900	arg1	fibrocartilage					860:873	fibrocartilage	860:873	fibrocartilage	860:873	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	5	18	from	tensile	894:900	arg1	cartilage					1000:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	5	18	from	tensile	894:900	arg1	tendon					849:854	tendon	849:854	tendon	849:854	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	9	19	theme	tissue	1715:1720	arg1	anisotropy					1722:1731	tissue anisotropy	1715:1731	tissue anisotropy	1715:1731	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	5	20	theme	Tissue	825:830	arg1	samples					832:838	Tissue samples	825:838	Tissue samples	825:838	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	1	21	theme	Molecular	76:84	arg1	transport					86:94	Molecular transport	76:94	Molecular transport in tissues	76:105	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	6	22	theme	electrophoretic	1024:1038	arg1	greatest					1053:1060	greatest	1053:1060	greatest	1053:1060	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	6	22	theme	electrophoretic	1024:1038	arg1	mobility					1040:1047	The measured electrophoretic mobility	1011:1047	The measured electrophoretic mobility	1011:1047	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	9	23	from	differences	1618:1628	arg1	transport					1643:1651	molecular transport	1633:1651	molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1633:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	2	24	from	transport	340:348	arg1	tissues					365:371	collagenous tissues	353:371	collagenous tissues	353:371	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	2	25	theme	study	255:259	arg1	objective					237:245	the objective	233:245	the objective of this study	233:259	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	6	26	theme	compressive	1069:1079	arg1	region					1081:1086	the compressive region	1065:1086	the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon,	1065:1160	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	4	27	theme	electrophoretic	634:648	arg1	mobility					650:657	electrophoretic mobility	634:657	electrophoretic mobility	634:657	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	5	28	theme	articular	990:998	arg1	cartilage					1000:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	9	29	theme	molecular	1738:1746	arg1	size					1748:1751	molecular size	1738:1751	molecular size	1738:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	5	30	theme	compressive	915:925	arg1	regions					928:934	the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions	880:934	regions	928:934	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	8	31	theme	Electrophoretic	1430:1444	arg1	mobility					1446:1453	Electrophoretic mobility	1430:1453	Electrophoretic mobility	1430:1453	Electrophoretic mobility also decreased with increased molecular size, as expected.
26482732	1	32	theme	cell	171:174	arg1	signaling					176:184	cell signaling	171:184	cell signaling	171:184	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	0	33	theme	Molecular	0:8	arg1	transport					10:18	Molecular transport	0:18	Molecular transport in collagenous tissues	0:41	Molecular transport in collagenous tissues measured by gel electrophoresis.
26482732	9	34	theme	useful	1593:1598	arg1	method					1600:1605	a useful method	1591:1605	a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1591:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	9	34	theme	useful	1593:1598	arg1	electrophoresis					1568:1582	gel electrophoresis	1564:1582	gel electrophoresis	1564:1582	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	7	35	theme	collagen	1402:1409	arg1	orientation					1417:1427	collagen fiber orientation	1402:1427	collagen fiber orientation	1402:1427	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	3	36	theme	tissue	427:432	arg1	samples					434:440	tissue samples	427:440	tissue samples	427:440	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	0	37	theme	collagenous	23:33	arg1	tissues					35:41	collagenous tissues	23:41	collagenous tissues	23:41	Molecular transport in collagenous tissues measured by gel electrophoresis.
26482732	4	38	theme	molecules	790:798	arg1	transport					681:689	the transport	677:689	the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy	677:751	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	4	38	theme	molecules	790:798	arg1	transport					761:769	the transport	757:769	the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue	757:822	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	6	39	theme	articular	1176:1184	arg1	cartilage					1186:1194	articular cartilage	1176:1194	articular cartilage	1176:1194	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	4	40	from	Differences	619:629	arg1	mobility					650:657	electrophoretic mobility	634:657	electrophoretic mobility	634:657	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	3	41	theme	relative	460:467	arg1	differences					469:479	relative differences	460:479	relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel	460:616	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	5	42	theme	flexor	950:955	arg1	tendon					957:962	the bovine flexor tendon	939:962	the bovine flexor tendon	939:962	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	2	43	theme	gel	280:282	arg1	electrophoresis					284:298	gel electrophoresis	280:298	gel electrophoresis	280:298	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	2	43	theme	gel	280:282	arg1	method					312:317	a simple method	303:317	a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues	303:371	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	3	44	theme	dye	511:513	arg1	velocity					488:495	the velocity	484:495	the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel	484:616	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	3	45	theme	charged	406:412	arg1	molecules					414:422	charged molecules	406:422	charged molecules	406:422	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	9	46	theme	type	1709:1712	arg1	effects					1691:1697	the effects	1687:1697	the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1687:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	6	47	theme	measured	1015:1022	arg1	greatest					1053:1060	greatest	1053:1060	greatest	1053:1060	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	6	47	theme	measured	1015:1022	arg1	mobility					1040:1047	The measured electrophoretic mobility	1011:1047	The measured electrophoretic mobility	1011:1047	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	5	48	theme	bovine	983:988	arg1	cartilage					1000:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	7	49	theme	tendon	1290:1295	arg1	anisotropy					1276:1285	The anisotropy	1272:1285	The anisotropy of tendon	1272:1295	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	1	50	theme	detecting	191:199	arg1	degeneration					208:219	detecting tissue degeneration	191:219	detecting tissue degeneration	191:219	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	3	51	theme	molecules	414:422	arg1	mobility					394:401	The electrophoretic mobility	374:401	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples	374:440	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	3	52	theme	tissue	579:584	arg1	section					586:592	a tissue section	577:592	a tissue section embedded within the gel	577:616	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	1	53	theme	tissue	201:206	arg1	degeneration					208:219	detecting tissue degeneration	191:219	detecting tissue degeneration	191:219	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	0	54	theme	gel	55:57	arg1	electrophoresis					59:73	gel electrophoresis	55:73	gel electrophoresis	55:73	Molecular transport in collagenous tissues measured by gel electrophoresis.
26482732	7	55	theme	electrophoretic	1321:1335	arg1	mobility					1337:1344	greater electrophoretic mobility	1313:1344	greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation	1313:1427	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	7	56	theme	parallel	1346:1353	arg1	mobility					1337:1344	greater electrophoretic mobility	1313:1344	greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation	1313:1427	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	4	57	theme	molecule	696:703	arg1	transport					681:689	the transport	677:689	the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy	677:751	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	4	57	theme	molecule	696:703	arg1	transport					761:769	the transport	757:769	the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue	757:822	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	9	58	theme	anisotropy	1722:1731	arg1	effects					1691:1697	the effects	1687:1697	the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1687:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	8	59	theme	molecular	1485:1493	arg1	size					1495:1498	increased molecular size	1475:1498	increased molecular size	1475:1498	Electrophoretic mobility also decreased with increased molecular size, as expected.
26482732	4	60	theme	same	812:815	arg1	tissue					817:822	the same tissue	808:822	the same tissue	808:822	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	3	61	theme	cationic	502:509	arg1	dye					511:513	a cationic dye	500:513	a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel	500:616	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	1	62	theme	drug	124:127	arg1	delivery					129:136	drug delivery	124:136	drug delivery	124:136	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	5	63	from	regions	928:934	arg1	fibrocartilage					860:873	fibrocartilage	860:873	fibrocartilage	860:873	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	5	63	from	regions	928:934	arg1	cartilage					1000:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	bovine articular cartilage	983:1008	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	5	63	from	regions	928:934	arg1	tendon					849:854	tendon	849:854	tendon	849:854	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	4	64	theme	sized	784:788	arg1	molecules					790:798	different sized molecules	774:798	different sized molecules	774:798	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	8	65	theme	increased	1475:1483	arg1	size					1495:1498	increased molecular size	1475:1498	increased molecular size	1475:1498	Electrophoretic mobility also decreased with increased molecular size, as expected.
26482732	1	66	theme	nutrient	139:146	arg1	supply					148:153	nutrient supply	139:153	nutrient supply	139:153	Molecular transport in tissues is important for drug delivery, nutrient supply, waste removal, cell signaling, and detecting tissue degeneration.
26482732	4	67	theme	different	774:782	arg1	molecules					790:798	different sized molecules	774:798	different sized molecules	774:798	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	3	68	from	differences	469:479	arg1	velocity					488:495	the velocity	484:495	the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel	484:616	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	4	69	theme	different	713:721	arg1	tissues					723:729	different tissues	713:729	different tissues	713:729	Differences in electrophoretic mobility were measured for the transport of a molecule through different tissues and tissue anisotropy, or the transport of different sized molecules through the same tissue.
26482732	5	70	theme	tendon	957:962	arg1	tensile					894:900	tensile	894:900	tensile	894:900	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	6	71	theme	tendon	1154:1159	arg1	region					1144:1149	the tensile region	1132:1149	the tensile region of tendon	1132:1159	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	2	72	theme	simple	305:310	arg1	electrophoresis					284:298	gel electrophoresis	280:298	gel electrophoresis	280:298	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	2	72	theme	simple	305:310	arg1	method					312:317	a simple method	303:317	a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues	303:371	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	5	73	theme	distal	907:912	arg1	regions					928:934	the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions	880:934	regions	928:934	Tissue samples included tendon and fibrocartilage from the proximal (tensile) and distal (compressive) regions of the bovine flexor tendon, respectively, and bovine articular cartilage.
26482732	9	74	theme	various	1660:1666	arg1	tissues					1668:1674	various tissues	1660:1674	various tissues	1660:1674	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	9	74	theme	various	1660:1666	arg1	effects					1691:1697	the effects	1687:1697	the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1687:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	3	75	theme	section	586:592	arg1	presence					565:572	presence	565:572	presence	565:572	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	3	75	theme	section	586:592	arg1	absence					553:559	absence	553:559	absence	553:559	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	6	76	theme	tensile	1136:1142	arg1	region					1144:1149	the tensile region	1132:1149	the tensile region of tendon	1132:1159	The measured electrophoretic mobility was greatest in the compressive region of the tendon (fibrocartilage), followed by the tensile region of tendon, and lowest in articular cartilage, reflecting differences in the composition and organization of the tissues.
26482732	2	77	theme	collagenous	353:363	arg1	tissues					365:371	collagenous tissues	353:371	collagenous tissues	353:371	Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate gel electrophoresis as a simple method to measure molecular transport in collagenous tissues.
26482732	9	78	theme	size	1748:1751	arg1	effects					1691:1697	the effects	1687:1697	the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1687:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
26482732	3	79	from	mobility	394:401	arg1	samples					434:440	tissue samples	427:440	tissue samples	427:440	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	3	80	theme	embedded	594:601	arg1	section					586:592	a tissue section	577:592	a tissue section embedded within the gel	577:616	The electrophoretic mobility of charged molecules in tissue samples was measured from relative differences in the velocity of a cationic dye passing through an agarose gel in the absence and presence of a tissue section embedded within the gel.
26482732	7	81	dep	the	1386:1388	arg1	predominate					1390:1400	predominate	1390:1400	predominate collagen fiber orientation	1390:1427	The anisotropy of tendon was measured by greater electrophoretic mobility parallel compared with perpendicular to the predominate collagen fiber orientation.
26482732	9	82	theme	molecular	1633:1641	arg1	transport					1643:1651	molecular transport	1633:1651	molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size	1633:1751	Therefore, the results of this study suggest that gel electrophoresis may be a useful method to measure differences in molecular transport within various tissues, including the effects of tissue type, tissue anisotropy, and molecular size.
29224351	0	0	theme	Delivery	94:101	arg1	Vehicles					103:110	Intestine Delivery Vehicles	84:110	Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics	84:125	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	1	1	theme	fiber/cellulose	182:196	arg1	CCNM					209:212	CCNM	209:212	CCNM	209:212	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	1	theme	fiber/cellulose	182:196	arg1	nanofiber					198:206	cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber	172:206	cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	172:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	0	2	theme	Intestine	84:92	arg1	Vehicles					103:110	Intestine Delivery Vehicles	84:110	Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics	84:125	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	4	3	theme	macrogels	834:842	arg1	core					826:829	the core	822:829	the core of macrogels	822:842	The porous structure and high porosity benefited L. plantarum cells to infiltrate into the core of macrogels.
29224351	2	4	theme	oxidation	380:388	arg1	system					390:395	a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system	316:395	a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system	316:395	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	5	5	theme	cells	946:950	arg1	release					922:928	sustainable release	910:928	sustainable release of L. plantarum cells	910:950	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	4	6	theme	high	760:763	arg1	porosity					765:772	high porosity	760:772	high porosity	760:772	The porous structure and high porosity benefited L. plantarum cells to infiltrate into the core of macrogels.
29224351	6	7	theme	agents	1203:1208	arg1	vehicles					1181:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles	1151:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents	1151:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	4	8	theme	porous	739:744	arg1	structure					746:754	The porous structure	735:754	The porous structure	735:754	The porous structure and high porosity benefited L. plantarum cells to infiltrate into the core of macrogels.
29224351	2	9	theme	release	540:546	arg1	probiotics					506:515	the probiotics loading and controlled release property	502:555	the probiotics loading and controlled release property	502:555	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	9	theme	release	540:546	arg1	property					548:555	controlled release property	529:555	controlled release property	529:555	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	6	10	theme	vehicles	1181:1188	arg1	application					1136:1146	the application	1132:1146	the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents	1132:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	5	11	theme	L.	933:934	arg1	cells					946:950	L. plantarum cells	933:950	L. plantarum cells	933:950	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	6	12	from	application	1136:1146	arg1	potential					1119:1127	potential	1119:1127	potential	1119:1127	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	3	13	dep	plantarum	681:689	arg1	plantarum					695:703	L. plantarum	692:703	L. plantarum	692:703	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	2	14	theme	controlled	529:538	arg1	probiotics					506:515	the probiotics loading and controlled release property	502:555	the probiotics loading and controlled release property	502:555	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	14	theme	controlled	529:538	arg1	property					548:555	controlled release property	529:555	controlled release property	529:555	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	15	theme	-mediated	370:378	arg1	system					390:395	a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system	316:395	a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system	316:395	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	6	16	theme	cellulose	1040:1048	arg1	macrogels					1050:1058	The porous cellulose macrogels	1029:1058	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method	1029:1112	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	5	17	theme	plantarum	936:944	arg1	cells					946:950	L. plantarum cells	933:950	L. plantarum cells	933:950	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	4	18	dep	L.	784:785	arg1	plantarum					787:795	plantarum	787:795	plantarum	787:795	The porous structure and high porosity benefited L. plantarum cells to infiltrate into the core of macrogels.
29224351	0	19	from	Fiber	51:55	arg1	Macrogels					26:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels	0:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.	0:126	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	0	20	theme	Cellulose-Based	0:14	arg1	Macrogels					26:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels	0:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.	0:126	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	6	21	theme	porous	1033:1038	arg1	macrogels					1050:1058	The porous cellulose macrogels	1029:1058	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method	1029:1112	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	0	22	theme	Composite	16:24	arg1	Macrogels					26:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels	0:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.	0:126	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	5	23	theme	CNF	899:901	arg1	contents					887:894	high contents	882:894	high contents of CNF	882:901	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	2	24	from	regulators	470:479	arg1	CCNMs					484:488	CCNMs	484:488	CCNMs	484:488	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	25	theme	carboxyl	406:413	arg1	groups					415:420	the carboxyl groups	402:420	the carboxyl groups in CNF	402:427	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	25	theme	carboxyl	406:413	arg1	regulators					470:479	pore size and pH responsibility regulators	438:479	pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs	438:488	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	26	theme	pH	452:453	arg1	responsibility					455:468	pH responsibility	452:468	pH responsibility	452:468	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	6	27	theme	delivery	1172:1179	arg1	vehicles					1181:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles	1151:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents	1151:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	4	28	theme	L.	784:785	arg1	cells					797:801	L. plantarum cells	784:801	L. plantarum cells	784:801	The porous structure and high porosity benefited L. plantarum cells to infiltrate into the core of macrogels.
29224351	5	29	theme	desired	993:999	arg1	region					1001:1006	the desired region	989:1006	the desired region of intestine tracts	989:1026	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	5	30	theme	sustainable	910:920	arg1	release					922:928	sustainable release	910:928	sustainable release of L. plantarum cells	910:950	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	2	31	theme	pore	438:441	arg1	size					443:446	pore size	438:446	pore size	438:446	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	32	theme	size	443:446	arg1	groups					415:420	the carboxyl groups	402:420	the carboxyl groups in CNF	402:427	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	32	theme	size	443:446	arg1	regulators					470:479	pore size and pH responsibility regulators	438:479	pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs	438:488	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	6	33	theme	fabricating	1151:1161	arg1	vehicles					1181:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles	1151:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents	1151:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	3	34	theme	108	723:725	arg1	×					721:721	×	721:721	×	721:721	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	6	35	theme	environmental	1084:1096	arg1	method					1107:1112	a green and environmental friendly method	1072:1112	a green and environmental friendly method	1072:1112	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	6	36	from	potential	1119:1127	arg1	application					1136:1146	the application	1132:1146	the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents	1132:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	0	37	theme	Cellulose	41:49	arg1	Fiber					51:55	Cellulose Fiber	41:55	Cellulose Fiber	41:55	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	3	38	theme	CNF	609:611	arg1	content					613:619	a CNF content	607:619	a CNF content of 90%	607:626	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	1	39	theme	intestine	231:239	arg1	macrogels					154:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels	128:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	128:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	39	theme	intestine	231:239	arg1	vehicle					250:256	an intestine delivery vehicle	228:256	an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics	228:271	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	0	40	theme	Cellulose	61:69	arg1	Nanofiber					71:79	Cellulose Nanofiber	61:79	Cellulose Nanofiber	61:79	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	0	41	from	Nanofiber	71:79	arg1	Macrogels					26:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels	0:34	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.	0:126	Cellulose-Based Composite Macrogels from Cellulose Fiber and Cellulose Nanofiber as Intestine Delivery Vehicles for Probiotics.
29224351	3	42	theme	%	600:600	arg1	porosity					583:590	a porosity	581:590	a porosity of 92.68%	581:600	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	1	43	theme	Cellulose-based	128:142	arg1	macrogels					154:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels	128:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	128:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	43	theme	Cellulose-based	128:142	arg1	vehicle					250:256	an intestine delivery vehicle	228:256	an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics	228:271	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	44	used	used	220:223	arg2	vehicle					250:256	an intestine delivery vehicle	228:256	an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics	228:271	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	44	used	used	220:223	arg2	macrogels					154:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels	128:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	128:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	45	theme	composite	144:152	arg1	macrogels					154:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels	128:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	128:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	45	theme	composite	144:152	arg1	vehicle					250:256	an intestine delivery vehicle	228:256	an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics	228:271	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	6	46	theme	bioactive	1193:1201	arg1	agents					1203:1208	bioactive agents	1193:1208	bioactive agents	1193:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	6	47	theme	targeted	1163:1170	arg1	vehicles					1181:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles	1151:1188	fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents	1151:1208	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	3	48	theme	2.68	716:719	arg1	×					721:721	×	721:721	×	721:721	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	5	49	theme	high	882:885	arg1	contents					887:894	high contents	882:894	high contents of CNF	882:901	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	2	50	from	groups	415:420	arg1	CNF					425:427	CNF	425:427	CNF	425:427	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	1	51	theme	delivery	241:248	arg1	macrogels					154:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels	128:162	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	128:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	51	theme	delivery	241:248	arg1	vehicle					250:256	an intestine delivery vehicle	228:256	an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics	228:271	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	2	52	dep	probiotics	506:515	arg1	probiotics					506:515	the probiotics loading and controlled release property	502:555	the probiotics loading and controlled release property	502:555	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	52	dep	probiotics	506:515	arg1	loading					517:523	loading	517:523	loading	517:523	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	52	dep	probiotics	506:515	arg1	property					548:555	controlled release property	529:555	controlled release property	529:555	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	5	53	theme	intestine	1011:1019	arg1	tracts					1021:1026	intestine tracts	1011:1026	intestine tracts	1011:1026	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	3	54	theme	%	626:626	arg1	content					613:619	a CNF content	607:619	a CNF content of 90%	607:626	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	6	55	theme	green	1074:1078	arg1	method					1107:1112	a green and environmental friendly method	1072:1112	a green and environmental friendly method	1072:1112	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	6	56	theme	friendly	1098:1105	arg1	method					1107:1112	a green and environmental friendly method	1072:1112	a green and environmental friendly method	1072:1112	The porous cellulose macrogels prepared by a green and environmental friendly method show potential in the application of fabricating targeted delivery vehicles of bioactive agents.
29224351	5	57	theme	tracts	1021:1026	arg1	region					1001:1006	the desired region	989:1006	the desired region of intestine tracts	989:1026	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	2	58	theme	Cellulose	274:282	arg1	CNF					295:297	CNF	295:297	CNF	295:297	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	58	theme	Cellulose	274:282	arg1	nanofiber					284:292	Cellulose nanofiber	274:292	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF)	274:298	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	59	theme	responsibility	455:468	arg1	groups					415:420	the carboxyl groups	402:420	the carboxyl groups in CNF	402:427	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	2	59	theme	responsibility	455:468	arg1	regulators					470:479	pore size and pH responsibility regulators	438:479	pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs	438:488	Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was prepared by a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation system, and the carboxyl groups in CNF acted as pore size and pH responsibility regulators in CCNMs to regulate the probiotics loading and controlled release property.
29224351	3	60	dep	×	721:721	arg1	to					713:714	to	713:714	to	713:714	The macrogel presented a porosity of 92.68% with a CNF content of 90%, and the corresponding released viable Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) was up to 2.68 × 108 cfu/mL.
29224351	5	61	theme	viable	973:978	arg1	cells					980:984	enough viable cells	966:984	enough viable cells	966:984	In addition, the macrogels made with high contents of CNF showed sustainable release of L. plantarum cells and delivered enough viable cells to the desired region of intestine tracts.
29224351	1	62	theme	cellulose	172:180	arg1	CCNM					209:212	CCNM	209:212	CCNM	209:212	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
29224351	1	62	theme	cellulose	172:180	arg1	nanofiber					198:206	cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber	172:206	cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM)	172:213	Cellulose-based composite macrogels made by cellulose fiber/cellulose nanofiber (CCNM) were used as an intestine delivery vehicle for probiotics.
25458297	0	0	theme	metal	89:93	arg1	ions					95:98	metal ions	89:98	metal ions	89:98	Evaluation of thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous mats for the removal of metal ions.
25458297	9	1	theme	fibrous	1169:1175	arg1	mats					1177:1180	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats	1152:1180	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats	1152:1180	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats maintained the capacity of Cu(II) adsorption for 4-time regeneration.
25458297	1	2	theme	ion	171:173	arg1	adsorption					175:184	metal ion adsorption	165:184	metal ion adsorption	165:184	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	4	3	theme	gel	634:636	arg1	fraction					638:645	the gel fraction	630:645	the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats	630:669	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	8	4	theme	nanofibrous	1134:1144	arg1	mats					1146:1149	the nanofibrous mats	1130:1149	the nanofibrous mats	1130:1149	The incorporation of poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA) significantly improved the desorption of Cu(II) from the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	5	5	theme	nanofibers	702:711	arg1	changes					687:693	The morphology changes	672:693	The morphology changes of the nanofibers in different environments	672:737	The morphology changes of the nanofibers in different environments were studied.
25458297	6	6	theme	Cu	878:879	arg1	adsorption					864:873	significantly increased adsorption	840:873	significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II)	840:883	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	1	7	theme	adsorption	175:184	arg1	capable					154:160	capable	154:160	capable	154:160	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	7	8	theme	Cu	911:912	arg1	II					914:915	II	914:915	II	914:915	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	7	8	theme	Cu	911:912	arg1	Cu					911:912	Cu	911:912	Cu(II)	911:916	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	7	8	theme	Cu	911:912	arg1	amount					901:906	The adsorption amount	886:906	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	886:961	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	8	9	theme	poly	1057:1060	arg1	incorporation					1040:1052	The incorporation	1036:1052	The incorporation of poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA)	1036:1075	The incorporation of poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA) significantly improved the desorption of Cu(II) from the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	7	10	theme	50/50	939:943	arg1	mats					958:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	0	11	theme	ions	95:98	arg1	removal					78:84	the removal	74:84	the removal of metal ions	74:98	Evaluation of thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous mats for the removal of metal ions.
25458297	5	12	theme	different	716:724	arg1	environments					726:737	different environments	716:737	different environments	716:737	The morphology changes of the nanofibers in different environments were studied.
25458297	3	13	theme	aqueous	528:534	arg1	solution					536:543	aqueous solution	528:543	aqueous solution	528:543	NMA provided the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution.
25458297	6	14	theme	increased	854:862	arg1	adsorption					864:873	significantly increased adsorption	840:873	significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II)	840:883	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	2	15	theme	thermo-responsive	312:328	arg1	polymer					330:336	thermo-responsive polymer	312:336	thermo-responsive polymer	312:336	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	2	15	theme	thermo-responsive	312:328	arg1	poly					339:342	poly	339:342	poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN)	339:416	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	6	16	theme	nanofibrous	767:777	arg1	mats					779:782	mats	779:782	mats	779:782	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	3	17	theme	nanofibrous	476:486	arg1	mats					488:491	the nanofibrous mats	472:491	the nanofibrous mats	472:491	NMA provided the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution.
25458297	3	18	theme	thermal	448:454	arg1	crosslinking					456:467	thermal crosslinking	448:467	thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats	448:491	NMA provided the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution.
25458297	7	19	theme	nanofibrous	946:956	arg1	mats					958:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	3	20	theme	mats	488:491	arg1	crosslinking					456:467	thermal crosslinking	448:467	thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats	448:491	NMA provided the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution.
25458297	4	21	used	used	579:582	arg2	agent					612:616	a secondary crosslinking agent	587:616	a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats	587:669	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	4	21	used	used	579:582	arg2	glutaraldehyde					560:573	glutaraldehyde	560:573	glutaraldehyde	560:573	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	9	22	theme	Cu	1209:1210	arg1	adsorption					1216:1225	Cu(II) adsorption	1209:1225	Cu(II) adsorption	1209:1225	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats maintained the capacity of Cu(II) adsorption for 4-time regeneration.
25458297	7	23	theme	adsorption	890:899	arg1	II					914:915	II	914:915	II	914:915	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	7	23	theme	adsorption	890:899	arg1	Cu					911:912	Cu	911:912	Cu(II)	911:916	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	7	23	theme	adsorption	890:899	arg1	amount					901:906	The adsorption amount	886:906	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	886:961	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	5	24	from	changes	687:693	arg1	environments					726:737	different environments	716:737	different environments	716:737	The morphology changes of the nanofibers in different environments were studied.
25458297	6	25	dep	mats	779:782	arg1	the					763:765	the	763:765	the	763:765	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	0	26	theme	crosslinkable	24:36	arg1	nanofibrous					53:63	thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous	14:63	thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous	14:63	Evaluation of thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous mats for the removal of metal ions.
25458297	4	27	theme	crosslinking	599:610	arg1	agent					612:616	a secondary crosslinking agent	587:616	a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats	587:669	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	4	27	theme	crosslinking	599:610	arg1	glutaraldehyde					560:573	glutaraldehyde	560:573	glutaraldehyde	560:573	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	6	28	theme	fibrous	820:826	arg1	mats					828:831	the fibrous mats	816:831	the fibrous mats	816:831	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	7	29	theme	79±2	975:978	arg1	mg/g-mats					980:988	79±2 mg/g-mats	975:988	79±2 mg/g-mats	975:988	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	3	30	theme	water-stable	501:512	arg1	nanofibers					514:523	water-stable nanofibers	501:523	water-stable nanofibers	501:523	NMA provided the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution.
25458297	8	31	from	mats	1146:1149	arg1	desorption					1104:1113	the desorption	1100:1113	the desorption of Cu(II) from the nanofibrous mats	1100:1149	The incorporation of poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA) significantly improved the desorption of Cu(II) from the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	1	32	theme	sensitive	117:125	arg1	mats					149:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats	101:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption	101:184	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	0	33	theme	nanofibrous	53:63	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous	0:63	Evaluation of thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous mats for the removal of metal ions.
25458297	2	34	dep	poly	339:342	arg1	NIPAAm-co-NMA					397:409	NIPAAm-co-NMA	397:409	NIPAAm-co-NMA	397:409	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	2	34	dep	poly	339:342	arg1	PNN					413:415	PNN	413:415	PNN	413:415	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	2	34	dep	poly	339:342	arg1	poly					392:395	poly	392:395	poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA)	392:410	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	9	35	theme	adsorption	1216:1225	arg1	capacity					1197:1204	the capacity	1193:1204	the capacity of Cu(II) adsorption for 4-time regeneration	1193:1249	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats maintained the capacity of Cu(II) adsorption for 4-time regeneration.
25458297	0	36	theme	chitosan-based	38:51	arg1	nanofibrous					53:63	thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous	14:63	thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous	14:63	Evaluation of thermally crosslinkable chitosan-based nanofibrous mats for the removal of metal ions.
25458297	3	37	theme	crosslinking	456:467	arg1	function					436:443	the function	432:443	the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution	432:543	NMA provided the function of thermal crosslinking of the nanofibrous mats to form water-stable nanofibers in aqueous solution.
25458297	9	38	theme	4-time	1231:1236	arg1	regeneration					1238:1249	4-time regeneration	1231:1249	4-time regeneration	1231:1249	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats maintained the capacity of Cu(II) adsorption for 4-time regeneration.
25458297	1	39	theme	composite	127:135	arg1	mats					149:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats	101:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption	101:184	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	4	40	theme	secondary	589:597	arg1	agent					612:616	a secondary crosslinking agent	587:616	a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats	587:669	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	4	40	theme	secondary	589:597	arg1	glutaraldehyde					560:573	glutaraldehyde	560:573	glutaraldehyde	560:573	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	8	41	theme	Cu	1118:1119	arg1	desorption					1104:1113	the desorption	1100:1113	the desorption of Cu(II) from the nanofibrous mats	1100:1149	The incorporation of poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA) significantly improved the desorption of Cu(II) from the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	2	42	theme	composite	238:246	arg1	nanofibers					248:257	The composite nanofibers	234:257	The composite nanofibers	234:257	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	5	43	theme	morphology	676:685	arg1	changes					687:693	The morphology changes	672:693	The morphology changes of the nanofibers in different environments	672:737	The morphology changes of the nanofibers in different environments were studied.
25458297	6	44	theme	material	806:813	arg1	films					788:792	films	788:792	films	788:792	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	6	44	theme	material	806:813	arg1	mats					779:782	mats	779:782	mats	779:782	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	1	45	theme	nanofibrous	137:147	arg1	mats					149:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats	101:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption	101:184	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	7	46	theme	chitosan/PNN	925:936	arg1	mats					958:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	2	47	theme	chitosan	300:307	arg1	ratios					290:295	different ratios	280:295	different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN)	280:416	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	6	48	theme	same	801:804	arg1	material					806:813	the same material	797:813	the same material	797:813	Comparing the nanofibrous mats and films of the same material, the fibrous mats showed significantly increased adsorption of Cu(II).
25458297	4	49	theme	nanofibrous	654:664	arg1	mats					666:669	the nanofibrous mats	650:669	the nanofibrous mats	650:669	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
25458297	1	50	theme	capable	154:160	arg1	mats					149:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats	101:152	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption	101:184	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	7	51	from	amount	901:906	arg1	mats					958:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats	921:961	The adsorption amount of Cu(II) on the chitosan/PNN (50/50) nanofibrous mats could reach 79±2 mg/g-mats, and its desorption was relatively effective.
25458297	2	52	theme	different	280:288	arg1	ratios					290:295	different ratios	280:295	different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN)	280:416	The composite nanofibers were fabricated with different ratios of chitosan to thermo-responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (poly(NIPAAm-co-NMA), PNN).
25458297	9	53	theme	chitosan/PNN	1156:1167	arg1	mats					1177:1180	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats	1152:1180	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats	1152:1180	The chitosan/PNN fibrous mats maintained the capacity of Cu(II) adsorption for 4-time regeneration.
25458297	1	54	theme	metal	165:169	arg1	adsorption					175:184	metal ion adsorption	165:184	metal ion adsorption	165:184	Environmentally sensitive composite nanofibrous mats capable of metal ion adsorption were successfully prepared via electrospinning.
25458297	4	55	theme	mats	666:669	arg1	fraction					638:645	the gel fraction	630:645	the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats	630:669	Subsequently, glutaraldehyde was used as a secondary crosslinking agent to increase the gel fraction of the nanofibrous mats.
27617993	6	0	from	absent	871:876	arg1	patagonica					884:893	patagonica	884:893	patagonica	884:893	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	8	1	theme	quinic	1059:1064	arg1	acids					1077:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	11	2	theme	highest	1338:1344	arg1	content					1346:1352	the highest content	1334:1352	the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1334:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	12	3	theme	first	1471:1475	arg1	report					1477:1482	the first report	1467:1482	the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species	1467:1569	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	3	4	theme	organic	317:323	arg1	acids					325:329	organic acids	317:329	organic acids	317:329	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	3	4	theme	organic	317:323	arg1	Macronutrients					267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	4	5	from	nuda	516:519	arg1	dw					502:503	dw	502:503	dw	502:503	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	7	6	theme	fatty	906:910	arg1	acid					936:939	linoleic acid	927:939	linoleic acid	927:939	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	7	6	theme	fatty	906:910	arg1	acid					912:915	The major fatty acid	896:915	The major fatty acid found	896:921	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	13	7	theme	important	1597:1605	arg1	information					1607:1617	important information	1597:1617	important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds	1597:1758	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	10	8	theme	α-tocopherol	1195:1206	arg1	contents					1178:1185	significantly higher contents	1157:1185	significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol	1157:1223	Cortinarius magellanicus presented significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol.
27617993	7	9	theme	linoleic	927:934	arg1	acid					936:939	linoleic acid	927:939	linoleic acid	927:939	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	7	9	theme	linoleic	927:934	arg1	acid					912:915	The major fatty acid	896:915	The major fatty acid found	896:921	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	8	10	theme	citric	1070:1075	arg1	acids					1077:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	5	11	theme	main	570:573	arg1	trehalose					557:565	trehalose	557:565	trehalose	557:565	All of them presented mannitol and trehalose as main sugars.
27617993	5	11	theme	main	570:573	arg1	sugars					575:580	main sugars	570:580	main sugars	570:580	All of them presented mannitol and trehalose as main sugars.
27617993	5	11	theme	main	570:573	arg1	mannitol					544:551	mannitol	544:551	mannitol	544:551	All of them presented mannitol and trehalose as main sugars.
27617993	3	12	theme	antioxidant	355:365	arg1	properties					367:376	antioxidant properties	355:376	antioxidant properties	355:376	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	3	12	theme	antioxidant	355:365	arg1	Macronutrients					267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	6	13	from	endoxantha	669:678	arg1	absent					649:654	absent	649:654	absent	649:654	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	11	14	theme	compounds	1366:1374	arg1	assays					1299:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays	1270:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL)	1270:1328	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	11	14	theme	compounds	1366:1374	arg1	content					1346:1352	the highest content	1334:1352	the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1334:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	11	15	theme	phenolic	1357:1364	arg1	compounds					1366:1374	phenolic compounds	1357:1374	phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1357:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	3	16	theme	phenolic	332:339	arg1	compounds					341:349	phenolic compounds	332:349	phenolic compounds	332:349	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	3	16	theme	phenolic	332:339	arg1	Macronutrients					267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	4	17	theme	dw	460:461	arg1	g					458:458	3.35 g/100 g	447:458	3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii	447:482	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	11	18	dep	assays	1299:1304	arg1	values					1312:1317	EC50 values	1307:1317	EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL	1307:1327	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	7	19	theme	major	900:904	arg1	acid					936:939	linoleic acid	927:939	linoleic acid	927:939	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	7	19	theme	major	900:904	arg1	acid					912:915	The major fatty acid	896:915	The major fatty acid found	896:921	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	11	20	theme	p-coumaric	1413:1422	arg1	acids					1437:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	4	21	from	dw	502:503	arg1	nuda					516:519	nuda	516:519	nuda	516:519	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	4	22	from	Cyttaria	466:473	arg1	dw					460:461	dw	460:461	dw	460:461	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	13	23	theme	functional	1708:1717	arg1	foods					1719:1723	functional foods	1708:1723	functional foods	1708:1723	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	13	24	theme	bioactive	1740:1748	arg1	compounds					1750:1758	bioactive compounds	1740:1758	bioactive compounds	1740:1758	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	11	25	theme	antioxidant	1278:1288	arg1	assays					1299:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays	1270:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL)	1270:1328	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	8	26	theme	malic	1052:1056	arg1	acids					1077:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	6	27	from	absent	649:654	arg1	endoxantha					669:678	Fistulina endoxantha	659:678	Fistulina endoxantha	659:678	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	2	28	theme	chemical	146:153	arg1	properties					169:178	chemical and bioactive properties	146:178	chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms	146:208	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	11	29	theme	activity	1290:1297	arg1	assays					1299:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays	1270:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL)	1270:1328	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	12	30	theme	edible	1547:1552	arg1	species					1563:1569	these edible mushroom species	1541:1569	these edible mushroom species	1541:1569	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	4	31	from	dw	460:461	arg1	Cyttaria					466:473	Cyttaria	466:473	Cyttaria	466:473	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	13	32	theme	species	1673:1679	arg1	use					1660:1662	the use	1656:1662	the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds	1656:1758	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	6	33	theme	Fistulina	659:667	arg1	endoxantha					669:678	Fistulina endoxantha	659:678	Fistulina endoxantha	659:678	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	4	34	located	found	407:411	arg1	levels					421:426	high levels	416:426	high levels	416:426	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	4	34	located	found	407:411	arg2	Protein					395:401	Protein	395:401	Protein	395:401	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	4	35	dep	Cyttaria	466:473	arg1	hariotii					475:482	Cyttaria hariotii	466:482	Cyttaria hariotii	466:482	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	2	36	theme	native	215:220	arg1	forest					233:238	native Nothofagus forest	215:238	native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina	215:264	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	8	37	contain	had	1048:1050	arg2	acids					1077:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	malic, quinic and citric acids	1052:1081	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	8	37	contain	had	1048:1050	arg1	some					1038:1041	some	1038:1041	some	1038:1041	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	9	38	theme	Tocopherols	1084:1094	arg1	composition					1096:1106	Tocopherols composition	1084:1106	Tocopherols composition	1084:1106	Tocopherols composition was variable.
27617993	8	39	theme	oxalic	1006:1011	arg1	acids					1025:1029	oxalic and fumaric acids	1006:1029	oxalic and fumaric acids	1006:1029	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	10	40	dep	Cortinarius	1122:1132	arg1	magellanicus					1134:1145	Cortinarius magellanicus	1122:1145	Cortinarius magellanicus	1122:1145	Cortinarius magellanicus presented significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol.
27617993	11	41	theme	gallic	1387:1392	arg1	acids					1437:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	11	42	theme	p-hydroxybenzoic	1395:1410	arg1	acids					1437:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	0	43	theme	Wild	39:42	arg1	Mushrooms					51:59	Wild Edible Mushrooms	39:59	Wild Edible Mushrooms	39:59	Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Native Nothofagus spp.
27617993	12	44	theme	mushroom	1554:1561	arg1	species					1563:1569	these edible mushroom species	1541:1569	these edible mushroom species	1541:1569	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	11	45	dep	values	1312:1317	arg1	mg/mL					1323:1327	1 mg/mL	1321:1327	EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL	1307:1327	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	0	46	from	Nothofagus	73:82	arg1	Chemical					0:7	Chemical	0:7	Chemical	0:7	Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Native Nothofagus spp.
27617993	2	47	from	Argentina	256:264	arg1	forest					233:238	native Nothofagus forest	215:238	native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina	215:264	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	8	48	theme	fumaric	1017:1023	arg1	acids					1025:1029	oxalic and fumaric acids	1006:1029	oxalic and fumaric acids	1006:1029	All species presented oxalic and fumaric acids, while some also had malic, quinic and citric acids.
27617993	13	49	theme	compounds	1750:1758	arg1	sources					1729:1735	sources	1729:1735	sources of bioactive compounds	1729:1758	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	13	49	theme	compounds	1750:1758	arg1	delicacies					1696:1705	gastronomic delicacies	1684:1705	gastronomic delicacies	1684:1705	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	13	49	theme	compounds	1750:1758	arg1	foods					1719:1723	functional foods	1708:1723	functional foods	1708:1723	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	0	50	theme	Mushrooms	51:59	arg1	Chemical					0:7	Chemical	0:7	Chemical	0:7	Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Native Nothofagus spp.
27617993	4	51	theme	dw	502:503	arg1	g					500:500	22.29 g/100 g	488:500	22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda	488:519	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	7	52	theme	palmitic	969:976	arg1	acid					978:981	palmitic acid	969:981	palmitic acid	969:981	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	2	53	theme	bioactive	159:167	arg1	properties					169:178	chemical and bioactive properties	146:178	chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms	146:208	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	2	54	theme	Nothofagus	222:231	arg1	forest					233:238	native Nothofagus forest	215:238	native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina	215:264	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	7	55	theme	oleic	954:958	arg1	acid					960:963	oleic acid	954:963	oleic acid	954:963	The major fatty acid found was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid and palmitic acid.
27617993	0	56	theme	Edible	44:49	arg1	Mushrooms					51:59	Wild Edible Mushrooms	39:59	Wild Edible Mushrooms	39:59	Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Native Nothofagus spp.
27617993	13	57	theme	necessary	1619:1627	arg1	information					1607:1617	important information	1597:1617	important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds	1597:1758	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	4	58	theme	high	416:419	arg1	levels					421:426	high levels	416:426	high levels	416:426	Protein was found in high levels and varied between 3.35 g/100 g dw in Cyttaria hariotii and 22.29 g/100 g dw in Lepista nuda.
27617993	12	59	from	report	1477:1482	arg1	composition					1496:1506	chemical composition	1487:1506	chemical composition	1487:1506	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	12	59	from	report	1477:1482	arg1	value					1524:1528	nutritional value	1512:1528	nutritional value	1512:1528	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	11	60	theme	cinnamic	1428:1435	arg1	acids					1437:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1387:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	12	61	theme	most	1533:1536	arg1	composition					1496:1506	chemical composition	1487:1506	chemical composition	1487:1506	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	12	61	theme	most	1533:1536	arg1	value					1524:1528	nutritional value	1512:1528	nutritional value	1512:1528	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	3	62	theme	fatty	291:295	arg1	acids					297:301	fatty acids	291:301	fatty acids	291:301	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	3	62	theme	fatty	291:295	arg1	Macronutrients					267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients	267:280	Macronutrients, sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties were determined.
27617993	2	63	theme	mushrooms	200:208	arg1	properties					169:178	chemical and bioactive properties	146:178	chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms	146:208	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	11	64	theme	EC50	1307:1310	arg1	values					1312:1317	EC50 values	1307:1317	EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL	1307:1327	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	6	65	dep	g/100	852:856	arg1	to					843:844	to	843:844	to	843:844	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	6	66	from	patagonica	884:893	arg1	absent					871:876	absent	871:876	absent	871:876	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	2	67	theme	edible	193:198	arg1	mushrooms					200:208	nine wild edible mushrooms	183:208	nine wild edible mushrooms	183:208	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	6	68	dep	Ramaria	620:626	arg1	patagonica					628:637	Ramaria patagonica	620:637	Ramaria patagonica	620:637	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
27617993	10	69	theme	higher	1171:1176	arg1	contents					1178:1185	significantly higher contents	1157:1185	significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol	1157:1223	Cortinarius magellanicus presented significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol.
27617993	12	70	theme	chemical	1487:1494	arg1	composition					1496:1506	chemical composition	1487:1506	chemical composition	1487:1506	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	0	71	theme	Native	66:71	arg1	Nothofagus					73:82	Native Nothofagus	66:82	Native Nothofagus	66:82	Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Native Nothofagus spp.
27617993	2	72	theme	wild	188:191	arg1	mushrooms					200:208	nine wild edible mushrooms	183:208	nine wild edible mushrooms	183:208	This study addresses issues regarding chemical and bioactive properties of nine wild edible mushrooms from native Nothofagus forest from Patagonia, Argentina.
27617993	11	73	theme	best	1254:1257	arg1	results					1259:1265	the best results	1250:1265	the best results	1250:1265	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	11	74	attach	presented	1240:1248	arg1	content					1346:1352	the highest content	1334:1352	the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids	1334:1441	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	11	74	attach	presented	1240:1248	arg1	assays					1299:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays	1270:1304	all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL)	1270:1328	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	11	74	attach	presented	1240:1248	arg2	patagonica					1229:1238	patagonica	1229:1238	patagonica	1229:1238	R. patagonica presented the best results in all the antioxidant activity assays (EC50 values ≤ 1 mg/mL) and the highest content of phenolic compounds presenting gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and cinnamic acids.
27617993	12	75	theme	nutritional	1512:1522	arg1	value					1524:1528	nutritional value	1512:1528	nutritional value	1512:1528	This study constitutes the first report on chemical composition and nutritional value of most of these edible mushroom species.
27617993	13	76	theme	gastronomic	1684:1694	arg1	delicacies					1696:1705	gastronomic delicacies	1684:1705	gastronomic delicacies	1684:1705	Furthermore, it provides important information necessary to characterize and define the use of these species as gastronomic delicacies, functional foods and sources of bioactive compounds.
27617993	0	77	dep	Chemical	0:7	arg1	Properties					25:34	Properties	25:34	Properties	25:34	Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Native Nothofagus spp.
27617993	10	78	theme	β-tocopherol	1212:1223	arg1	contents					1178:1185	significantly higher contents	1157:1185	significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol	1157:1223	Cortinarius magellanicus presented significantly higher contents of both α-tocopherol and β-tocopherol.
27617993	6	79	dep	g	858:858	arg1	dw					860:861	dw	860:861	1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw	838:861	Mannitol was significantly higher in Ramaria patagonica, although absent in Fistulina endoxantha, whereas trehalose predominated in Aleurodiscus vitellinus, Hydropus dusenii, Cortinarius magellanicus, C. hariotii, Grifola gargal and L. nuda, ranging from 1.15 to 10.26 g/100 g dw; it was absent in R. patagonica.
25818510	9	0	theme	individual	1837:1846	arg1	element					1857:1863	the individual skeletal element	1833:1863	the individual skeletal element	1833:1863	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	8	1	from	range	1463:1467	arg1	variation					1476:1484	the variation	1472:1484	the variation of calcite organization	1472:1508	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	4	2	theme	orientation	872:882	arg1	patterns					884:891	calcite orientation patterns	864:891	calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	864:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	9	3	theme	element	1857:1863	arg1	function					1821:1828	the function	1817:1828	the function of the individual skeletal element	1817:1863	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	9	3	theme	element	1857:1863	arg1	behavior					1882:1889	the animals' behavior	1869:1889	the animals' behavior	1869:1889	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	8	4	dep	prevails	1648:1655	arg1	one					1608:1610	one	1608:1610	one	1608:1610	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	6	5	theme	alignment	1236:1244	arg1	varied					1299:1304	varied	1299:1304	varied	1299:1304	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	5	theme	alignment	1236:1244	arg1	degree					1218:1223	the degree	1214:1223	the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage	1214:1287	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	5	6	from	differences	983:993	arg1	sharpness					1006:1014	texture sharpness	998:1014	texture sharpness	998:1014	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	5	6	from	differences	983:993	arg1	microstructure					1028:1041	calcite microstructure	1020:1041	calcite microstructure	1020:1041	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	7	7	theme	specific	1424:1431	arg1	pattern					1441:1447	only one specific texture pattern	1415:1447	only one specific texture pattern	1415:1447	This contrasts to calcite organization in the tergite cuticle, where calcite has only one specific texture pattern.
25818510	3	8	theme	organic	556:562	arg1	fibrils					564:570	organic fibrils	556:570	organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate	556:621	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	2	9	from	cuticle	363:369	arg1	mandibles					403:411	mandibles	403:411	mandibles of terrestrial isopods	403:434	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	6	10	theme	short	1313:1317	arg1	scales					1326:1331	short length scales	1313:1331	short length scales	1313:1331	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	3	11	with	region	634:639	arg1	fibrils					564:570	organic fibrils	556:570	organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate	556:621	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	4	12	theme	isopod	922:927	arg1	species					929:935	two terrestrial isopod species	906:935	two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	906:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	0	13	theme	Porcellio	133:141	arg1	scaber					143:148	Porcellio scaber	133:148	Porcellio scaber	133:148	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	9	14	theme	differential	1774:1785	arg1	way					1787:1789	a differential way	1772:1789	a differential way	1772:1789	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	9	15	theme	isopod	1681:1686	arg1	species					1688:1694	the investigated isopod species	1664:1694	the investigated isopod species	1664:1694	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	9	15	theme	isopod	1681:1686	arg1	able					1700:1703	able	1700:1703	able	1700:1703	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	1	16	theme	physical	274:281	arg1	properties					296:305	its physical and chemical properties	270:305	its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements	270:356	In arthropods the cuticle forms an exoskeleton with its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements.
25818510	0	17	theme	species	172:178	arg1	incisivae					103:111	the partes incisivae	92:111	the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	92:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	4	18	from	PI	900:901	arg1	habitats					952:959	different habitats	942:959	different habitats	942:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	6	19	theme	calcite	1193:1199	arg1	orientation					1201:1211	the PI calcite orientation	1186:1211	the PI calcite orientation	1186:1211	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	20	from	orientation	1201:1211	arg1	varied					1299:1304	varied	1299:1304	varied	1299:1304	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	20	from	orientation	1201:1211	arg1	degree					1218:1223	the degree	1214:1223	the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage	1214:1287	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	21	theme	domain	1271:1276	arg1	assemblage					1278:1287	crystalline domain assemblage	1259:1287	crystalline domain assemblage	1259:1287	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	5	22	theme	calcite	1056:1062	arg1	organization					1064:1075	calcite organization	1056:1075	calcite organization	1056:1075	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	5	23	with	PI	1109:1110	arg1	those					1117:1121	those	1117:1121	those	1117:1121	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	0	24	theme	Calcite	69:75	arg1	orientation					77:87	Calcite orientation	69:87	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).	0:216	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	3	25	theme	calcium	605:611	arg1	phosphate					613:621	amorphous calcium phosphate	595:621	amorphous calcium phosphate	595:621	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	0	26	theme	supralittoral	158:170	arg1	species					172:178	the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	154:215	the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	154:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	1	27	theme	skeletal	340:347	arg1	elements					349:356	distinct skeletal elements	331:356	distinct skeletal elements	331:356	In arthropods the cuticle forms an exoskeleton with its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements.
25818510	4	28	dep	structure	739:747	arg1	the					735:737	the	735:737	the	735:737	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	0	29	from	Functionalization	0:16	arg1	cuticle					60:66	crustacean cuticle	49:66	crustacean cuticle	49:66	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	0	30	theme	partes	96:101	arg1	incisivae					103:111	the partes incisivae	92:111	the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	92:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	9	31	theme	carbonate	1749:1757	arg1	precursor					1759:1767	the amorphous carbonate precursor	1735:1767	the amorphous carbonate precursor	1735:1767	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	5	32	theme	small-scale	971:981	arg1	differences					983:993	small-scale differences	971:993	small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure	971:1041	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	8	33	theme	organization	1497:1508	arg1	variation					1476:1484	the variation	1472:1484	the variation of calcite organization	1472:1508	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	2	34	theme	partes	378:383	arg1	incisivae					385:393	the partes incisivae	374:393	the partes incisivae (PI)	374:398	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	34	theme	partes	378:383	arg1	PI					396:397	PI	396:397	PI	396:397	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	3	35	with	region	544:549	arg1	fibrils					564:570	organic fibrils	556:570	organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate	556:621	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	4	36	from	patterns	884:891	arg1	PI					900:901	the PI	896:901	the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	896:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	37	from	work	727:730	arg1	structure					739:747	structure	739:747	structure	739:747	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	37	from	work	727:730	arg1	properties					762:771	material properties	753:771	material properties	753:771	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	2	38	theme	terrestrial	416:426	arg1	isopods					428:434	terrestrial isopods	416:434	terrestrial isopods	416:434	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	0	39	theme	biomineral	21:30	arg1	reinforcement					32:44	biomineral reinforcement	21:44	biomineral reinforcement	21:44	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	2	40	theme	chitin-protein	454:467	arg1	fibrils/fibres					469:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	4	41	theme	electron	807:814	arg1	EBSD					841:844	EBSD	841:844	EBSD	841:844	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	41	theme	electron	807:814	arg1	diffraction					828:838	electron backscatter diffraction	807:838	electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)	807:845	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	5	42	theme	calcite	1020:1026	arg1	microstructure					1028:1041	calcite microstructure	1020:1041	calcite microstructure	1020:1041	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	1	43	with	exoskeleton	253:263	arg1	properties					296:305	its physical and chemical properties	270:305	its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements	270:356	In arthropods the cuticle forms an exoskeleton with its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements.
25818510	8	44	theme	other	1535:1539	arg1	tissues					1567:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	44	theme	other	1535:1539	arg1	teeth					1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	44	theme	other	1535:1539	arg1	shells					1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	3	45	theme	base	629:632	arg1	region					634:639	a base region	627:639	a base region	627:639	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	5	46	theme	isopod	1151:1156	arg1	species					1158:1164	the same isopod species	1142:1164	the same isopod species	1142:1164	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	8	47	located	observed	1523:1530	arg2	range					1463:1467	Such a large range	1450:1467	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization	1450:1508	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	47	located	observed	1523:1530	arg1	tissues					1567:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	47	located	observed	1523:1530	arg1	teeth					1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	47	located	observed	1523:1530	arg1	shells					1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	48	theme	biological	1551:1560	arg1	tissues					1567:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	48	theme	biological	1551:1560	arg1	teeth					1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	48	theme	biological	1551:1560	arg1	shells					1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	3	49	theme	amorphous	658:666	arg1	carbonate					676:684	amorphous calcium carbonate	658:684	amorphous calcium carbonate	658:684	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	4	50	theme	cuticle	789:795	arg1	structure					739:747	structure	739:747	structure	739:747	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	50	theme	cuticle	789:795	arg1	properties					762:771	material properties	753:771	material properties	753:771	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	8	51	theme	specific	1612:1619	arg1	prevails					1648:1655	specific texture and microstructure prevails	1612:1655	specific texture and microstructure prevails	1612:1655	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	0	52	dep	Functionalization	0:16	arg1	orientation					77:87	Calcite orientation	69:87	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).	0:216	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	6	53	theme	crystalline	1259:1269	arg1	assemblage					1278:1287	crystalline domain assemblage	1259:1287	crystalline domain assemblage	1259:1287	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	4	54	from	habitats	952:959	arg1	species					929:935	two terrestrial isopod species	906:935	two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	906:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	54	from	habitats	952:959	arg1	PI					900:901	the PI	896:901	the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	896:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	9	55	theme	skeletal	1848:1855	arg1	element					1857:1863	the individual skeletal element	1833:1863	the individual skeletal element	1833:1863	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	6	56	theme	mode	1251:1254	arg1	varied					1299:1304	varied	1299:1304	varied	1299:1304	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	56	theme	mode	1251:1254	arg1	degree					1218:1223	the degree	1214:1223	the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage	1214:1287	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	7	57	theme	texture	1433:1439	arg1	pattern					1441:1447	only one specific texture pattern	1415:1447	only one specific texture pattern	1415:1447	This contrasts to calcite organization in the tergite cuticle, where calcite has only one specific texture pattern.
25818510	4	58	theme	calcite	864:870	arg1	patterns					884:891	calcite orientation patterns	864:891	calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	864:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	3	59	theme	unmineralized	516:528	arg1	tip					530:532	an unmineralized tip	513:532	an unmineralized tip	513:532	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	6	60	theme	crystal	1228:1234	arg1	alignment					1236:1244	crystal alignment	1228:1244	crystal alignment	1228:1244	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	61	theme	length	1319:1324	arg1	scales					1326:1331	short length scales	1313:1331	short length scales	1313:1331	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	3	62	theme	middle	537:542	arg1	region					544:549	a middle region	535:549	a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate	535:621	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	7	63	theme	tergite	1380:1386	arg1	cuticle					1388:1394	the tergite cuticle	1376:1394	the tergite cuticle	1376:1394	This contrasts to calcite organization in the tergite cuticle, where calcite has only one specific texture pattern.
25818510	0	64	theme	scaber	143:148	arg1	mandibles					120:128	the mandibles	116:128	the mandibles of Porcellio scaber	116:148	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	0	64	theme	scaber	143:148	arg1	species					172:178	the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	154:215	the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	154:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	5	65	theme	orientation	1081:1091	arg1	patterns					1093:1100	calcite organization and orientation patterns	1056:1100	calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species	1056:1164	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	3	66	with	mineralized	641:651	arg1	calcite					690:696	calcite	690:696	calcite	690:696	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	3	66	with	mineralized	641:651	arg1	carbonate					676:684	amorphous calcium carbonate	658:684	amorphous calcium carbonate	658:684	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	4	67	theme	terrestrial	910:920	arg1	species					929:935	two terrestrial isopod species	906:935	two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	906:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	0	68	from	orientation	77:87	arg1	incisivae					103:111	the partes incisivae	92:111	the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	92:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	5	69	theme	species	1158:1164	arg1	tergites					1130:1137	the tergites	1126:1137	the tergites of the same isopod species	1126:1164	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	0	70	dep	species	172:178	arg1	Isopoda					208:214	Isopoda	208:214	Isopoda	208:214	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	0	70	dep	species	172:178	arg1	europaeus					186:194	Tylos europaeus	180:194	the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	154:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	6	71	theme	assemblage	1278:1287	arg1	alignment					1236:1244	crystal alignment	1228:1244	crystal alignment	1228:1244	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	6	71	theme	assemblage	1278:1287	arg1	mode					1251:1254	mode	1251:1254	mode of crystalline domain assemblage	1251:1287	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	8	72	theme	large	1457:1461	arg1	range					1463:1467	Such a large range	1450:1467	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization	1450:1508	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	6	73	theme	PI	1190:1191	arg1	orientation					1201:1211	the PI calcite orientation	1186:1211	the PI calcite orientation	1186:1211	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	5	74	theme	organization	1064:1075	arg1	patterns					1093:1100	calcite organization and orientation patterns	1056:1100	calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species	1056:1164	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	3	75	theme	amorphous	595:603	arg1	phosphate					613:621	amorphous calcium phosphate	595:621	amorphous calcium phosphate	595:621	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	2	76	theme	minerals	488:495	arg1	minerals					488:495	minerals	488:495	minerals	488:495	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	76	theme	minerals	488:495	arg1	composite					441:449	a composite	439:449	a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals	439:495	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	76	theme	minerals	488:495	arg1	fibrils/fibres					469:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	76	theme	minerals	488:495	arg1	cuticle					363:369	The cuticle	359:369	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods	359:434	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	9	77	theme	amorphous	1739:1747	arg1	precursor					1759:1767	the amorphous carbonate precursor	1735:1767	the amorphous carbonate precursor	1735:1767	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	1	78	theme	distinct	331:338	arg1	elements					349:356	distinct skeletal elements	331:356	distinct skeletal elements	331:356	In arthropods the cuticle forms an exoskeleton with its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements.
25818510	2	79	theme	fibrils/fibres	469:482	arg1	minerals					488:495	minerals	488:495	minerals	488:495	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	79	theme	fibrils/fibres	469:482	arg1	composite					441:449	a composite	439:449	a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals	439:495	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	79	theme	fibrils/fibres	469:482	arg1	fibrils/fibres					469:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	79	theme	fibrils/fibres	469:482	arg1	cuticle					363:369	The cuticle	359:369	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods	359:434	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	5	80	from	patterns	1093:1100	arg1	PI					1109:1110	the PI	1105:1110	the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species	1105:1164	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	1	81	theme	elements	349:356	arg1	functions					318:326	functions	318:326	functions of distinct skeletal elements	318:356	In arthropods the cuticle forms an exoskeleton with its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements.
25818510	4	82	theme	species	929:935	arg1	PI					900:901	the PI	896:901	the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats	896:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	8	83	theme	calcite	1489:1495	arg1	organization					1497:1508	calcite organization	1489:1508	calcite organization	1489:1508	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	4	84	theme	different	942:950	arg1	habitats					952:959	different habitats	942:959	different habitats	942:959	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	85	theme	material	753:760	arg1	properties					762:771	material properties	753:771	material properties	753:771	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	2	86	theme	incisivae	385:393	arg1	minerals					488:495	minerals	488:495	minerals	488:495	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	86	theme	incisivae	385:393	arg1	composite					441:449	a composite	439:449	a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals	439:495	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	86	theme	incisivae	385:393	arg1	fibrils/fibres					469:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	chitin-protein fibrils/fibres	454:482	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	86	theme	incisivae	385:393	arg1	cuticle					363:369	The cuticle	359:369	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods	359:434	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	2	87	theme	isopods	428:434	arg1	mandibles					403:411	mandibles	403:411	mandibles of terrestrial isopods	403:434	The cuticle of the partes incisivae (PI) in mandibles of terrestrial isopods is a composite of chitin-protein fibrils/fibres and minerals.
25818510	9	88	theme	investigated	1668:1679	arg1	species					1688:1694	the investigated isopod species	1664:1694	the investigated isopod species	1664:1694	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	9	88	theme	investigated	1668:1679	arg1	able					1700:1703	able	1700:1703	able	1700:1703	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	0	89	theme	reinforcement	32:44	arg1	Functionalization					0:16	Functionalization	0:16	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).	0:216	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	6	90	from	varied	1299:1304	arg1	orientation					1201:1211	the PI calcite orientation	1186:1211	the PI calcite orientation	1186:1211	We observe that in the PI calcite orientation, the degree of crystal alignment, and mode of crystalline domain assemblage is highly varied within short length scales.
25818510	0	91	theme	crustacean	49:58	arg1	cuticle					60:66	crustacean cuticle	49:66	crustacean cuticle	49:66	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	1	92	theme	chemical	287:294	arg1	properties					296:305	its physical and chemical properties	270:305	its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements	270:356	In arthropods the cuticle forms an exoskeleton with its physical and chemical properties adapted to functions of distinct skeletal elements.
25818510	8	93	theme	carbonate	1541:1549	arg1	tissues					1567:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	93	theme	carbonate	1541:1549	arg1	teeth					1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	93	theme	carbonate	1541:1549	arg1	shells					1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	9	94	theme	precursor	1759:1767	arg1	crystallization					1716:1730	crystallization	1716:1730	crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor	1716:1767	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	5	95	theme	same	1146:1149	arg1	species					1158:1164	the same isopod species	1142:1164	the same isopod species	1142:1164	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	9	96	theme	related	1806:1812	arg1	way					1787:1789	a differential way	1772:1789	a differential way	1772:1789	Thus, the investigated isopod species are able to control crystallization of the amorphous carbonate precursor in a differential way, most probably related to the function of the individual skeletal element and the animals' behavior.
25818510	8	97	theme	hard	1562:1565	arg1	tissues					1567:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	other carbonate biological hard tissues	1535:1573	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	97	theme	hard	1562:1565	arg1	teeth					1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	teeth	1595:1599	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	8	97	theme	hard	1562:1565	arg1	shells					1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	shells	1584:1589	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	3	98	theme	calcium	668:674	arg1	carbonate					676:684	amorphous calcium carbonate	658:684	amorphous calcium carbonate	658:684	It consists of an unmineralized tip, a middle region with organic fibrils reinforced mainly with amorphous calcium phosphate and a base region mineralized with amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite.
25818510	4	99	theme	backscatter	816:826	arg1	EBSD					841:844	EBSD	841:844	EBSD	841:844	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	4	99	theme	backscatter	816:826	arg1	diffraction					828:838	electron backscatter diffraction	807:838	electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)	807:845	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	7	100	contain	has	1411:1413	arg1	calcite					1403:1409	calcite	1403:1409	calcite	1403:1409	This contrasts to calcite organization in the tergite cuticle, where calcite has only one specific texture pattern.
25818510	7	100	contain	has	1411:1413	arg2	pattern					1441:1447	only one specific texture pattern	1415:1447	only one specific texture pattern	1415:1447	This contrasts to calcite organization in the tergite cuticle, where calcite has only one specific texture pattern.
25818510	8	101	theme	texture	1621:1627	arg1	prevails					1648:1655	specific texture and microstructure prevails	1612:1655	specific texture and microstructure prevails	1612:1655	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
25818510	5	102	theme	texture	998:1004	arg1	sharpness					1006:1014	texture sharpness	998:1014	texture sharpness	998:1014	We trace small-scale differences in texture sharpness and calcite microstructure, and compare calcite organization and orientation patterns in the PI with those in the tergites of the same isopod species.
25818510	0	103	theme	mandibles	120:128	arg1	incisivae					103:111	the partes incisivae	92:111	the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda)	92:215	Functionalization of biomineral reinforcement in crustacean cuticle: Calcite orientation in the partes incisivae of the mandibles of Porcellio scaber and the supralittoral species Tylos europaeus (Oniscidea, Isopoda).
25818510	4	104	theme	incisive	780:787	arg1	cuticle					789:795	the incisive cuticle	776:795	the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)	776:845	In this study we extend our work on the structure and material properties of the incisive cuticle employing electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and investigate calcite orientation patterns in the PI of two terrestrial isopod species from different habitats.
25818510	8	105	theme	microstructure	1633:1646	arg1	prevails					1648:1655	specific texture and microstructure prevails	1612:1655	specific texture and microstructure prevails	1612:1655	Such a large range in the variation of calcite organization has not been observed in other carbonate biological hard tissues, such as shells and teeth, where one specific texture and microstructure prevails.
24239765	5	0	theme	microspheres	616:627	arg1	spectrum					604:611	FTIR spectrum	599:611	FTIR spectrum of microspheres	599:627	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	7	1	theme	ions	960:963	arg1	fast					989:992	fast	989:992	fast	989:992	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	7	1	theme	ions	960:963	arg1	sorption					943:950	the sorption	939:950	the sorption of lead ions on microsphere	939:978	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	7	2	from	sorption	943:950	arg1	microsphere					968:978	microsphere	968:978	microsphere	968:978	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	12	3	from	decline	1605:1611	arg1	efficiency					1616:1625	efficiency	1616:1625	efficiency	1616:1625	Even after four cycles of adsorption-desorption, the adsorption capacity was maintained and the decline in efficiency was less than 10%.
24239765	4	4	from	chitosan	558:565	arg1	laboratory					517:526	the laboratory	513:526	the laboratory from dried water hyacinth and chitosan following self-assembly method	513:596	Based on this model microspheres are synthesized in the laboratory from dried water hyacinth and chitosan following self-assembly method.
24239765	6	5	theme	microspheres	790:801	arg1	micrographes					774:785	SEM micrographes	770:785	SEM micrographes of microspheres	770:801	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	10	6	theme	Langmuir	1218:1225	arg1	isotherm					1227:1234	Langmuir isotherm	1218:1234	Langmuir isotherm	1218:1234	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	4	7	theme	dried	533:537	arg1	water					539:543	dried water hyacinth	533:552	dried water hyacinth	533:552	Based on this model microspheres are synthesized in the laboratory from dried water hyacinth and chitosan following self-assembly method.
24239765	6	8	theme	chitosan	876:883	arg1	matrix					885:890	the crosslinked chitosan matrix	860:890	the crosslinked chitosan matrix	860:890	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	10	9	from	isotherm	1227:1234	arg1	capacity					1260:1267	the maximum adsorption capacity	1237:1267	the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II)	1237:1287	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	10	9	from	isotherm	1227:1234	arg1	mg/g					1299:1302	312.5 mg/g	1293:1302	312.5 mg/g	1293:1302	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	6	10	theme	crosslinked	864:874	arg1	matrix					885:890	the crosslinked chitosan matrix	860:890	the crosslinked chitosan matrix	860:890	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	6	11	theme	micrographes	774:785	arg1	analysis					758:765	The analysis	754:765	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres	754:801	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	3	12	theme	total	440:444	arg1	moment					453:458	high total dipole moment	435:458	high total dipole moment	435:458	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	4	13	from	water	539:543	arg1	laboratory					517:526	the laboratory	513:526	the laboratory from dried water hyacinth and chitosan following self-assembly method	513:596	Based on this model microspheres are synthesized in the laboratory from dried water hyacinth and chitosan following self-assembly method.
24239765	3	14	theme	dipole	446:451	arg1	moment					453:458	high total dipole moment	435:458	high total dipole moment	435:458	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	6	15	theme	SEM	770:772	arg1	micrographes					774:785	SEM micrographes	770:785	SEM micrographes of microspheres	770:801	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	1	16	theme	Dried	61:65	arg1	water					67:71	Dried water hyacinth	61:80	Dried water hyacinth	61:80	Dried water hyacinth was subjected to molecular modifications using quantum mechanical calculations.
24239765	10	17	theme	adsorption	1249:1258	arg1	capacity					1260:1267	the maximum adsorption capacity	1237:1267	the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II)	1237:1287	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	10	17	theme	adsorption	1249:1258	arg1	mg/g					1299:1302	312.5 mg/g	1293:1302	312.5 mg/g	1293:1302	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	5	18	theme	formed	722:727	arg1	material					729:736	the formed material	718:736	the formed material	718:736	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	5	18	theme	formed	722:727	arg1	composite					743:751	a composite	741:751	a composite	741:751	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	5	19	theme	FTIR	599:602	arg1	spectrum					604:611	FTIR spectrum	599:611	FTIR spectrum of microspheres	599:627	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	9	20	theme	Pb	1175:1176	arg1	adsorption					1183:1192	the Pb (II) adsorption	1171:1192	the Pb (II) adsorption onto microspheres	1171:1210	Different models of isotherm sorption were used to describe the Pb (II) adsorption onto microspheres.
24239765	10	21	theme	maximum	1241:1247	arg1	capacity					1260:1267	the maximum adsorption capacity	1237:1267	the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II)	1237:1287	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	10	21	theme	maximum	1241:1247	arg1	mg/g					1299:1302	312.5 mg/g	1293:1302	312.5 mg/g	1293:1302	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	0	22	theme	novel	2:6	arg1	structure					8:16	A novel structure	0:16	A novel structure for removal of pollutants from wastewater	0:58	A novel structure for removal of pollutants from wastewater.
24239765	10	23	theme	3	1320:1320	arg1	times					1322:1326	times	1322:1326	times	1322:1326	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	7	24	theme	adsorption	899:908	arg1	models					918:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models	893:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models	893:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	7	25	theme	kinetic	910:916	arg1	models					918:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models	893:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models	893:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	2	26	theme	Al	276:277	arg1	OH					279:280	Al(OH)3	276:282	Al(OH)3	276:282	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	11	27	theme	reaction	1480:1487	arg1	ion-exchange					1495:1506	an ion-exchange	1492:1506	an ion-exchange	1492:1506	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	11	27	theme	reaction	1480:1487	arg1	mechanism					1467:1475	the mechanism	1463:1475	the mechanism of reaction	1463:1487	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	2	28	theme	modified	186:193	arg1	units					216:220	3 cellulose units	204:220	3 cellulose units	204:220	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	2	28	theme	modified	186:193	arg1	plant					195:199	the modified plant	182:199	the modified plant	182:199	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	9	29	used	used	1154:1157	arg2	models					1121:1126	Different models	1111:1126	Different models of isotherm sorption	1111:1147	Different models of isotherm sorption were used to describe the Pb (II) adsorption onto microspheres.
24239765	11	30	theme	sorption	1427:1434	arg1	endothermic					1447:1457	endothermic	1447:1457	endothermic	1447:1457	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	11	30	theme	sorption	1427:1434	arg1	process					1436:1442	the sorption process	1423:1442	the sorption process	1423:1442	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	3	31	theme	inorganic	357:365	arg1	pollutants					367:376	inorganic pollutants	357:376	inorganic pollutants	357:376	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	6	32	link	crosslinked	864:874	arg1	matrix					885:890	the crosslinked chitosan matrix	860:890	the crosslinked chitosan matrix	860:890	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	3	33	theme	unique	407:412	arg1	bonding					423:429	unique hydrogen bonding	407:429	unique hydrogen bonding	407:429	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	5	34	theme	strong	697:702	arg1	evidence					704:711	strong evidence that the formed material is a composite	697:751	strong evidence that the formed material is a composite	697:751	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	3	35	attach	remove	350:355	arg2	ability					339:345	the ability	335:345	the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment	335:458	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	3	35	attach	remove	350:355	arg1	wastewater					383:392	wastewater	383:392	wastewater	383:392	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	10	36	dep	capacity	1260:1267	arg1	q					1270:1270	q	1270:1270	q(max)	1270:1275	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	10	36	dep	capacity	1260:1267	arg1	max					1272:1274	max	1272:1274	max	1272:1274	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	3	37	theme	hydrogen	414:421	arg1	bonding					423:429	unique hydrogen bonding	407:429	unique hydrogen bonding	407:429	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	5	38	theme	characteristic	647:660	arg1	bands					662:666	only the characteristic bands	638:666	only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite	638:751	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	0	39	from	wastewater	49:58	arg1	removal					22:28	removal	22:28	removal of pollutants from wastewater	22:58	A novel structure for removal of pollutants from wastewater.
24239765	1	40	theme	molecular	99:107	arg1	modifications					109:121	molecular modifications	99:121	molecular modifications using quantum mechanical calculations	99:159	Dried water hyacinth was subjected to molecular modifications using quantum mechanical calculations.
24239765	0	41	theme	pollutants	33:42	arg1	removal					22:28	removal	22:28	removal of pollutants from wastewater	22:58	A novel structure for removal of pollutants from wastewater.
24239765	2	42	theme	cellulose	206:214	arg1	units					216:220	3 cellulose units	204:220	3 cellulose units	204:220	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	2	42	theme	cellulose	206:214	arg1	lignin					227:232	one lignin	223:232	one lignin	223:232	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	2	42	theme	cellulose	206:214	arg1	plant					195:199	the modified plant	182:199	the modified plant	182:199	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	2	42	theme	cellulose	206:214	arg1	oxides					249:254	some metal oxides	238:254	some metal oxides namely CaO	238:265	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	9	43	theme	Different	1111:1119	arg1	models					1121:1126	Different models	1111:1126	Different models of isotherm sorption	1111:1147	Different models of isotherm sorption were used to describe the Pb (II) adsorption onto microspheres.
24239765	6	44	theme	water	829:833	arg1	fibers					819:824	the fibers	815:824	the fibers of water hyacinth	815:842	The analysis of SEM micrographes of microspheres showed that the fibers of water hyacinth are imbedded in the crosslinked chitosan matrix.
24239765	9	45	theme	sorption	1140:1147	arg1	models					1121:1126	Different models	1111:1126	Different models of isotherm sorption	1111:1147	Different models of isotherm sorption were used to describe the Pb (II) adsorption onto microspheres.
24239765	8	46	theme	kinetic	1096:1102	arg1	model					1104:1108	the second-order kinetic model	1079:1108	the second-order kinetic model	1079:1108	and properly correlated with the second-order kinetic model.
24239765	8	47	theme	second-order	1083:1094	arg1	model					1104:1108	the second-order kinetic model	1079:1108	the second-order kinetic model	1079:1108	and properly correlated with the second-order kinetic model.
24239765	3	48	theme	high	435:438	arg1	moment					453:458	high total dipole moment	435:458	high total dipole moment	435:458	The model suggests the ability to remove inorganic pollutants from wastewater according to unique hydrogen bonding and high total dipole moment.
24239765	7	49	theme	Batch	893:897	arg1	models					918:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models	893:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models	893:923	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	5	50	theme	raw	672:674	arg1	materials					676:684	raw materials	672:684	raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite	672:751	FTIR spectrum of microspheres exhibits only the characteristic bands for raw materials which give strong evidence that the formed material is a composite.
24239765	2	51	theme	metal	243:247	arg1	units					216:220	3 cellulose units	204:220	3 cellulose units	204:220	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	2	51	theme	metal	243:247	arg1	CaO					263:265	CaO	263:265	CaO	263:265	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	2	51	theme	metal	243:247	arg1	oxides					249:254	some metal oxides	238:254	some metal oxides namely CaO	238:265	The model simulates the modified plant as 3 cellulose units, one lignin and some metal oxides namely CaO; FeO and Al(OH)3 are attached through O-Linkage.
24239765	1	52	theme	quantum	129:135	arg1	calculations					148:159	quantum mechanical calculations	129:159	quantum mechanical calculations	129:159	Dried water hyacinth was subjected to molecular modifications using quantum mechanical calculations.
24239765	10	53	dep	times	1322:1326	arg1	higher					1328:1333	higher	1328:1333	higher	1328:1333	From Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity (q(max)) for Pb(II) was 312.5 mg/g, which is about 3 times higher than that of the crude hyacinth.
24239765	12	54	theme	adsorption-desorption	1535:1555	arg1	cycles					1525:1530	four cycles	1520:1530	four cycles of adsorption-desorption	1520:1555	Even after four cycles of adsorption-desorption, the adsorption capacity was maintained and the decline in efficiency was less than 10%.
24239765	12	55	theme	adsorption	1562:1571	arg1	capacity					1573:1580	the adsorption capacity	1558:1580	the adsorption capacity	1558:1580	Even after four cycles of adsorption-desorption, the adsorption capacity was maintained and the decline in efficiency was less than 10%.
24239765	9	56	theme	isotherm	1131:1138	arg1	sorption					1140:1147	isotherm sorption	1131:1147	isotherm sorption	1131:1147	Different models of isotherm sorption were used to describe the Pb (II) adsorption onto microspheres.
24239765	1	57	theme	mechanical	137:146	arg1	calculations					148:159	quantum mechanical calculations	129:159	quantum mechanical calculations	129:159	Dried water hyacinth was subjected to molecular modifications using quantum mechanical calculations.
24239765	11	58	theme	free	1372:1375	arg1	energy					1377:1382	The free energy	1368:1382	The free energy (E)	1368:1386	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	11	58	theme	free	1372:1375	arg1	kJ/mol					1399:1404	15.798 kJ/mol	1392:1404	15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange	1392:1506	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	11	58	theme	free	1372:1375	arg1	E					1385:1385	E	1385:1385	E	1385:1385	The free energy (E) was 15.798 kJ/mol which shows that the sorption process is endothermic and the mechanism of reaction is an ion-exchange.
24239765	7	59	theme	lead	955:958	arg1	ions					960:963	lead ions	955:963	lead ions	955:963	Batch adsorption kinetic models revealed that the sorption of lead ions on microsphere was very fast and the equilibrium was rapidly attained within 30 min.
24239765	4	60	theme	self-assembly	577:589	arg1	method					591:596	self-assembly method	577:596	self-assembly method	577:596	Based on this model microspheres are synthesized in the laboratory from dried water hyacinth and chitosan following self-assembly method.
28606459	1	0	theme	HA	241:242	arg1	MMWHA					256:260	MMWHA	256:260	MMWHA	256:260	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	0	theme	HA	241:242	arg1	injections					244:253	moderate-MW HA injections	229:253	moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA)	229:261	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	8	1	theme	hazard	1088:1093	arg1	users					1081:1085	LMWHA users	1075:1085	LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013)	1075:1145	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	1	theme	hazard	1088:1093	arg1	ratio					1095:1099	hazard ratio	1088:1099	hazard ratio	1088:1099	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	3	2	theme	primary	467:473	arg1	measure					483:489	The primary outcome measure	463:489	The primary outcome measure of the study	463:502	The primary outcome measure of the study included all surgical interventions of the knee.
28606459	10	3	from	difference	1477:1486	arg1	likelihood					1495:1504	the likelihood	1491:1504	the likelihood of surgical interventions	1491:1530	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	10	4	link	derived	1603:1609	arg1	confounders					1611:1621	empirically derived confounders	1591:1621	empirically derived confounders	1591:1621	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	4	5	theme	outcome	567:573	arg1	measures					575:582	The secondary outcome measures	553:582	The secondary outcome measures	553:582	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	4	5	theme	outcome	567:573	arg1	following					593:601	the following	589:601	the following	589:601	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	1	6	theme	acid	199:202	arg1	LMWHA					221:225	LMWHA	221:225	LMWHA	221:225	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	6	theme	acid	199:202	arg1	injections					209:218	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections	162:218	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA)	162:226	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	6	7	theme	proportional	860:871	arg1	models					880:885	Cox proportional hazard models	856:885	Cox proportional hazard models	856:885	The likelihood of each outcome was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28606459	7	8	theme	inclusion-exclusion	966:984	arg1	criteria					986:993	our inclusion-exclusion criteria	962:993	our inclusion-exclusion criteria	962:993	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	1	9	theme	surgery	330:336	arg1	prevention					302:311	prevention	302:311	prevention	302:311	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	9	theme	surgery	330:336	arg1	delay					316:320	delay	316:320	delay	316:320	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	7	10	theme	HA	924:925	arg1	users					927:931	30,417 incident HA users	908:931	30,417 incident HA users	908:931	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	8	11	theme	interval	1124:1131	arg1	%					1111:1111	95%	1109:1111	95% confidence interval	1109:1131	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	3	12	theme	surgical	517:524	arg1	interventions					526:538	all surgical interventions	513:538	all surgical interventions of the knee	513:550	The primary outcome measure of the study included all surgical interventions of the knee.
28606459	4	13	theme	knee	652:655	arg1	arthroplasty					657:668	total knee arthroplasty	646:668	total knee arthroplasty	646:668	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	7	14	theme	knee	938:941	arg1	osteoarthritis					943:956	knee osteoarthritis	938:956	knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria	938:993	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	1	15	theme	knee	355:358	arg1	osteoarthritis					360:373	knee osteoarthritis	355:373	knee osteoarthritis	355:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	0	16	theme	Hyaluronic	57:66	arg1	Acid					68:71	High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	35:71	High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	35:71	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Delaying Time to Knee Surgery.
28606459	1	17	theme	injections	279:288	arg1	effectiveness					145:157	the effectiveness	141:157	the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis	141:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	3	18	theme	knee	547:550	arg1	interventions					526:538	all surgical interventions	513:538	all surgical interventions of the knee	513:550	The primary outcome measure of the study included all surgical interventions of the knee.
28606459	4	19	theme	knee	625:628	arg1	arthroplasty					630:641	unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	608:641	unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	608:641	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	1	20	dep	BACKGROUND	118:127	arg1	compared					132:139	compared	132:139	compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis	132:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	9	21	theme	HMWHA	1405:1409	arg1	users					1411:1415	HMWHA users	1405:1415	HMWHA users	1405:1415	However, a significantly lower likelihood for all outcome measures was demonstrated in LMWHA and MMWHA users compared with HMWHA users when hdPS was not used.
28606459	10	22	theme	surgical	1509:1516	arg1	interventions					1518:1530	surgical interventions	1509:1530	surgical interventions	1509:1530	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	1	23	with	patients	341:348	arg1	osteoarthritis					360:373	knee osteoarthritis	355:373	knee osteoarthritis	355:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	2	24	theme	observational	387:399	arg1	study					408:412	An observational cohort study	384:412	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015)	376:451	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015) was used.
28606459	1	25	from	delay	316:320	arg1	patients					341:348	patients	341:348	patients with knee osteoarthritis	341:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	26	theme	injections	244:253	arg1	effectiveness					145:157	the effectiveness	141:157	the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis	141:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	27	from	prevention	302:311	arg1	patients					341:348	patients	341:348	patients with knee osteoarthritis	341:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	4	28	dep	arthroplasty	630:641	arg1	1					605:605	1	605:605	1	605:605	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	0	29	theme	Moderate-	20:28	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	0:71	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Delaying Time to Knee Surgery.
28606459	8	30	theme	hdPS	1267:1270	arg1	analysis					1272:1279	a matched hdPS analysis	1257:1279	a matched hdPS analysis	1257:1279	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	10	31	theme	HMWHA	1558:1562	arg1	users					1564:1568	HMWHA users	1558:1568	HMWHA users	1558:1568	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	5	32	theme	high-dimensional	710:725	arg1	score					738:742	A high-dimensional propensity score	708:742	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching	708:768	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching was used to adjust for confounding.
28606459	5	32	theme	high-dimensional	710:725	arg1	hdPS					745:748	hdPS	745:748	hdPS	745:748	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching was used to adjust for confounding.
28606459	1	33	theme	high-MW	268:274	arg1	HMWHA					291:295	HMWHA	291:295	HMWHA	291:295	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	33	theme	high-MW	268:274	arg1	injections					279:288	high-MW HA injections	268:288	high-MW HA injections (HMWHA)	268:296	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	8	34	theme	composite	1041:1049	arg1	events					1060:1065	composite surgical events	1041:1065	composite surgical events	1041:1065	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	6	35	theme	outcome	829:835	arg1	likelihood					810:819	The likelihood	806:819	The likelihood of each outcome	806:835	The likelihood of each outcome was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28606459	8	36	dep	ratio	1171:1175	arg1	%					1187:1187	95%	1185:1187	95% confidence interval	1185:1207	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	36	dep	ratio	1171:1175	arg1	0.952-1.119					1210:1220	0.952-1.119	1210:1220	0.952-1.119	1210:1220	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	37	theme	events	1060:1065	arg1	likelihood					1027:1036	the likelihood	1023:1036	the likelihood of composite surgical events	1023:1065	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	9	38	used	used	1435:1438	arg2	hdPS					1422:1425	hdPS	1422:1425	hdPS	1422:1425	However, a significantly lower likelihood for all outcome measures was demonstrated in LMWHA and MMWHA users compared with HMWHA users when hdPS was not used.
28606459	3	39	theme	outcome	475:481	arg1	measure					483:489	The primary outcome measure	463:489	The primary outcome measure of the study	463:502	The primary outcome measure of the study included all surgical interventions of the knee.
28606459	1	40	theme	moderate-MW	229:239	arg1	MMWHA					256:260	MMWHA	256:260	MMWHA	256:260	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	40	theme	moderate-MW	229:239	arg1	injections					244:253	moderate-MW HA injections	229:253	moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA)	229:261	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	8	41	theme	LMWHA	1075:1079	arg1	users					1081:1085	LMWHA users	1075:1085	LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013)	1075:1145	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	41	theme	LMWHA	1075:1079	arg1	ratio					1095:1099	hazard ratio	1088:1099	hazard ratio	1088:1099	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	42	theme	interval	1200:1207	arg1	%					1187:1187	95%	1185:1187	95% confidence interval	1185:1207	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	7	43	dep	osteoarthritis	943:956	arg1	met					958:960	met	958:960	met	958:960	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	10	44	dep	CONCLUSION	1441:1450	arg1	was					1458:1460	was	1458:1460	was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders	1458:1621	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	10	45	theme	derived	1603:1609	arg1	confounders					1611:1621	empirically derived confounders	1591:1621	empirically derived confounders	1591:1621	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	9	46	theme	lower	1307:1311	arg1	likelihood					1313:1322	a significantly lower likelihood	1291:1322	a significantly lower likelihood for all outcome measures	1291:1347	However, a significantly lower likelihood for all outcome measures was demonstrated in LMWHA and MMWHA users compared with HMWHA users when hdPS was not used.
28606459	1	47	theme	low-molecular-weight	162:181	arg1	acid					199:202	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid	162:202	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA)	162:226	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	47	theme	low-molecular-weight	162:181	arg1	HA					205:206	HA	205:206	HA	205:206	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	3	48	theme	study	498:502	arg1	measure					483:489	The primary outcome measure	463:489	The primary outcome measure of the study	463:502	The primary outcome measure of the study included all surgical interventions of the knee.
28606459	1	49	theme	MW	184:185	arg1	acid					199:202	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid	162:202	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA)	162:226	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	49	theme	MW	184:185	arg1	HA					205:206	HA	205:206	HA	205:206	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	5	50	used	used	774:777	arg2	hdPS					745:748	hdPS	745:748	hdPS	745:748	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching was used to adjust for confounding.
28606459	5	50	used	used	774:777	arg2	score					738:742	A high-dimensional propensity score	708:742	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching	708:768	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching was used to adjust for confounding.
28606459	1	51	theme	hyaluronic	188:197	arg1	acid					199:202	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid	162:202	low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA)	162:226	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	51	theme	hyaluronic	188:197	arg1	HA					205:206	HA	205:206	HA	205:206	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	8	52	theme	0.939	1102:1106	arg1	users					1081:1085	LMWHA users	1075:1085	LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013)	1075:1145	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	52	theme	0.939	1102:1106	arg1	ratio					1095:1099	hazard ratio	1088:1099	hazard ratio	1088:1099	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	6	53	theme	hazard	873:878	arg1	models					880:885	Cox proportional hazard models	856:885	Cox proportional hazard models	856:885	The likelihood of each outcome was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28606459	4	54	theme	secondary	557:565	arg1	measures					575:582	The secondary outcome measures	553:582	The secondary outcome measures	553:582	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	4	54	theme	secondary	557:565	arg1	following					593:601	the following	589:601	the following	589:601	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	1	55	theme	knee	325:328	arg1	surgery					330:336	knee surgery	325:336	knee surgery	325:336	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	9	56	theme	outcome	1332:1338	arg1	measures					1340:1347	all outcome measures	1328:1347	all outcome measures	1328:1347	However, a significantly lower likelihood for all outcome measures was demonstrated in LMWHA and MMWHA users compared with HMWHA users when hdPS was not used.
28606459	6	57	theme	Cox	856:858	arg1	models					880:885	Cox proportional hazard models	856:885	Cox proportional hazard models	856:885	The likelihood of each outcome was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28606459	8	58	dep	was	1002:1004	arg1	1.032					1178:1182	1.032	1178:1182	1.032	1178:1182	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	58	dep	was	1002:1004	arg1	ratio					1171:1175	hazard ratio	1164:1175	hazard ratio	1164:1175	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	7	59	theme	users	927:931	arg1	cohort					898:903	A cohort	896:903	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.	888:994	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	7	60	theme	incident	915:922	arg1	users					927:931	30,417 incident HA users	908:931	30,417 incident HA users	908:931	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	8	61	from	difference	1009:1018	arg1	likelihood					1027:1036	the likelihood	1023:1036	the likelihood of composite surgical events	1023:1065	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	4	62	theme	total	678:682	arg1	arthroplasty					689:700	total knee arthroplasty	678:700	(2) total knee arthroplasty only	674:705	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	4	63	theme	total	646:650	arg1	arthroplasty					657:668	total knee arthroplasty	646:668	total knee arthroplasty	646:668	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	0	64	theme	Acid	68:71	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	0:71	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Delaying Time to Knee Surgery.
28606459	4	65	dep	arthroplasty	689:700	arg1	2					675:675	2	675:675	2	675:675	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	7	66	with	cohort	898:903	arg1	osteoarthritis					943:956	knee osteoarthritis	938:956	knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria	938:993	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	0	67	theme	Low-	14:17	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	0:71	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Delaying Time to Knee Surgery.
28606459	4	68	theme	unicompartmental	608:623	arg1	arthroplasty					630:641	unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	608:641	unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	608:641	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	9	69	dep	LMWHA	1369:1373	arg1	users					1385:1389	users	1385:1389	users	1385:1389	However, a significantly lower likelihood for all outcome measures was demonstrated in LMWHA and MMWHA users compared with HMWHA users when hdPS was not used.
28606459	0	70	theme	Knee	104:107	arg1	Surgery					109:115	Knee Surgery	104:115	Knee Surgery	104:115	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Delaying Time to Knee Surgery.
28606459	2	71	dep	METHODS	376:382	arg1	study					408:412	An observational cohort study	384:412	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015)	376:451	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015) was used.
28606459	8	72	theme	MMWHA	1151:1155	arg1	users					1157:1161	MMWHA users	1151:1161	MMWHA users	1151:1161	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	4	73	theme	knee	684:687	arg1	arthroplasty					689:700	total knee arthroplasty	678:700	(2) total knee arthroplasty only	674:705	The secondary outcome measures were the following: (1) unicompartmental knee arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty and (2) total knee arthroplasty only.
28606459	5	74	theme	propensity	727:736	arg1	score					738:742	A high-dimensional propensity score	708:742	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching	708:768	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching was used to adjust for confounding.
28606459	5	74	theme	propensity	727:736	arg1	hdPS					745:748	hdPS	745:748	hdPS	745:748	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) using 1:1 matching was used to adjust for confounding.
28606459	7	75	dep	RESULTS	888:894	arg1	cohort					898:903	A cohort	896:903	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.	888:994	RESULTS A cohort of 30,417 incident HA users with knee osteoarthritis met our inclusion-exclusion criteria.
28606459	8	76	theme	HMWHA	1242:1246	arg1	users					1248:1252	HMWHA users	1242:1252	HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis	1242:1279	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	2	77	used	used	457:460	arg2	METHODS					376:382	METHODS	376:382	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015)	376:451	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015) was used.
28606459	10	78	theme	interventions	1518:1530	arg1	likelihood					1495:1504	the likelihood	1491:1504	the likelihood of surgical interventions	1491:1530	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	0	79	theme	High-Molecular-Weight	35:55	arg1	Acid					68:71	High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	35:71	High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid	35:71	Comparison of Low-, Moderate-, and High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Delaying Time to Knee Surgery.
28606459	2	80	theme	cohort	401:406	arg1	study					408:412	An observational cohort study	384:412	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015)	376:451	METHODS An observational cohort study using LifeLink Plus claims (2006-2015) was used.
28606459	8	81	theme	matched	1259:1265	arg1	analysis					1272:1279	a matched hdPS analysis	1257:1279	a matched hdPS analysis	1257:1279	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	1	82	theme	HA	276:277	arg1	HMWHA					291:295	HMWHA	291:295	HMWHA	291:295	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	1	82	theme	HA	276:277	arg1	injections					279:288	high-MW HA injections	268:288	high-MW HA injections (HMWHA)	268:296	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	8	83	dep	ratio	1095:1099	arg1	%					1111:1111	95%	1109:1111	95% confidence interval	1109:1131	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	8	83	dep	ratio	1095:1099	arg1	0.870-1.013					1134:1144	0.870-1.013	1134:1144	0.870-1.013	1134:1144	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	1	84	theme	injections	209:218	arg1	effectiveness					145:157	the effectiveness	141:157	the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis	141:373	BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight (MW) hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (LMWHA), moderate-MW HA injections (MMWHA), and high-MW HA injections (HMWHA) for prevention or delay of knee surgery in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
28606459	8	85	theme	surgical	1051:1058	arg1	events					1060:1065	composite surgical events	1041:1065	composite surgical events	1041:1065	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
28606459	10	86	theme	significant	1465:1475	arg1	difference					1477:1486	no significant difference	1462:1486	no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users	1462:1568	CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in the likelihood of surgical interventions between LMWHA, MMWHA, and HMWHA users after accounting for empirically derived confounders.
28606459	8	87	from	users	1248:1252	arg1	analysis					1272:1279	a matched hdPS analysis	1257:1279	a matched hdPS analysis	1257:1279	There was no difference in the likelihood of composite surgical events between LMWHA users (hazard ratio, 0.939; 95% confidence interval, 0.870-1.013) and MMWHA users (hazard ratio, 1.032; 95% confidence interval, 0.952-1.119) when compared with HMWHA users in a matched hdPS analysis.
24416179	0	0	theme	synthetase	87:96	arg1	gene					98:101	an asparagine synthetase gene	73:101	an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity	73:144	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	0	0	theme	synthetase	87:96	arg1	asnH					67:70	asnH	67:70	asnH	67:70	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	4	1	theme	in	675:676	arg1	model					689:693	an in vivo mouse model	672:693	an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection	672:715	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	4	2	theme	mouse	683:687	arg1	model					689:693	an in vivo mouse model	672:693	an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection	672:715	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	0	3	theme	asparagine	76:85	arg1	synthetase					87:96	asparagine synthetase	76:96	an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity	73:144	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	4	4	from	introduction	842:853	arg1	strain					891:896	the mutant strain	880:896	the mutant strain	880:896	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	7	5	theme	casei	1423:1427	arg1	ATCC					1429:1432	L. casei ATCC 27139	1420:1438	L. casei ATCC 27139	1420:1438	These results indicate that asnH is required for the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139.
24416179	5	6	theme	asparagine	963:972	arg1	synthetase					974:983	asparagine synthetase	963:983	asparagine synthetase activity	963:992	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	4	7	theme	mutant	884:889	arg1	strain					891:896	the mutant strain	880:896	the mutant strain	880:896	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	7	8	theme	peptidoglycan	1348:1360	arg1	composition					1362:1372	the peptidoglycan composition	1344:1372	the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139	1344:1438	These results indicate that asnH is required for the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139.
24416179	2	9	theme	mutant	301:306	arg1	library					308:314	A transposon insertion mutant library	278:314	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139	278:337	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	4	10	theme	asnH	723:726	arg1	mutant					728:733	only asnH mutant	718:733	only asnH mutant	718:733	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	4	11	theme	immuno-augmenting	912:928	arg1	activity					930:937	the immuno-augmenting activity	908:937	the immuno-augmenting activity	908:937	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	6	12	theme	peptidoglycan	1247:1259	arg1	biosynthesis					1261:1272	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	1247:1272	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	1247:1272	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	4	13	from	deficiency	742:751	arg1	ability					762:768	their ability to enhance host innate immunity	756:800	their ability to enhance host innate immunity	756:800	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	2	14	theme	insertion	291:299	arg1	library					308:314	A transposon insertion mutant library	278:314	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139	278:337	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	2	15	theme	ATCC	328:331	arg1	library					308:314	A transposon insertion mutant library	278:314	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139	278:337	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	2	16	theme	transposon	280:289	arg1	library					308:314	A transposon insertion mutant library	278:314	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139	278:337	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	1	17	theme	host	187:190	arg1	immunity					199:206	host innate immunity	187:206	host innate immunity	187:206	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139 enhances host innate immunity, and the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain lose the activity.
24416179	5	18	theme	synthetase	974:983	arg1	activity					985:992	asparagine synthetase activity	963:992	asparagine synthetase activity	963:992	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	1	19	theme	innate	192:197	arg1	immunity					199:206	host innate immunity	187:206	host innate immunity	187:206	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139 enhances host innate immunity, and the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain lose the activity.
24416179	5	20	theme	wall	1025:1028	arg1	extracts					1030:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts	999:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139	999:1060	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	5	20	theme	wall	1025:1028	arg1	substrate					1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	4	21	theme	mutation	830:837	arg1	complementation					807:821	complementation	807:821	complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain	807:896	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	2	22	theme	casei	322:326	arg1	ATCC					328:331	L. casei ATCC 27139	319:337	L. casei ATCC 27139	319:337	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	3	23	theme	element	537:543	arg1	insertion					509:517	insertion	509:517	insertion of the transposon element	509:543	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	24	theme	Cloning	419:425	arg1	analyses					442:449	Cloning and sequencing analyses	419:449	Cloning and sequencing analyses	419:449	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	0	25	theme	Transposon	0:9	arg1	mutagenesis					11:21	Transposon mutagenesis	0:21	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei	0:54	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	4	26	theme	Listeria	698:705	arg1	infection					707:715	Listeria infection	698:715	Listeria infection	698:715	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	2	27	theme	L.	319:320	arg1	ATCC					328:331	L. casei ATCC 27139	319:337	L. casei ATCC 27139	319:337	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	2	28	theme	phage-resistant	368:382	arg1	mutants					384:390	nine J1 phage-resistant mutants	360:390	nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them	360:402	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	0	29	theme	probiotic	26:34	arg1	casei					50:54	probiotic Lactobacillus casei	26:54	probiotic Lactobacillus casei	26:54	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	7	30	theme	L.	1420:1421	arg1	ATCC					1429:1432	L. casei ATCC 27139	1420:1438	L. casei ATCC 27139	1420:1438	These results indicate that asnH is required for the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139.
24416179	6	31	theme	peptidoglycan	1128:1140	arg1	features					1142:1149	the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features	1108:1149	the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells	1108:1196	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	6	31	theme	peptidoglycan	1128:1140	arg1	characteristic					1160:1173	characteristic	1160:1173	characteristic	1160:1173	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	5	32	theme	AsnH	940:943	arg1	protein					945:951	AsnH protein	940:951	AsnH protein	940:951	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	3	33	theme	independent	468:478	arg1	dnaK					597:600	dnaK	597:600	dnaK	597:600	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	33	theme	independent	468:478	arg1	dnaJ					588:591	dnaJ	588:591	dnaJ	588:591	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	33	theme	independent	468:478	arg1	genes					480:484	three independent genes	462:484	three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase	462:581	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	4	34	dep	in	675:676	arg1	vivo					678:681	vivo	678:681	vivo	678:681	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	0	35	theme	immune-activating	119:135	arg1	capacity					137:144	its immune-activating capacity	115:144	its immune-activating capacity	115:144	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	3	36	theme	asparagine	561:570	arg1	synthetase					572:581	asparagine synthetase	561:581	asparagine synthetase	561:581	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	1	37	theme	casei	161:165	arg1	ATCC					167:170	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139	147:176	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139	147:176	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139 enhances host innate immunity, and the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain lose the activity.
24416179	0	38	theme	casei	50:54	arg1	mutagenesis					11:21	Transposon mutagenesis	0:21	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei	0:54	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	5	39	theme	cell	1020:1023	arg1	extracts					1030:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts	999:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139	999:1060	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	5	39	theme	cell	1020:1023	arg1	substrate					1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	6	40	theme	wild-type	1182:1190	arg1	cells					1192:1196	the wild-type cells	1178:1196	the wild-type cells	1178:1196	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	0	41	theme	Lactobacillus	36:48	arg1	casei					50:54	probiotic Lactobacillus casei	26:54	probiotic Lactobacillus casei	26:54	Transposon mutagenesis of probiotic Lactobacillus casei identifies asnH, an asparagine synthetase gene involved in its immune-activating capacity.
24416179	2	42	dep	them	399:402	arg1	out					392:394	out	392:394	out	392:394	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	1	43	theme	phage-resistant	220:234	arg1	mutants					236:242	the J1 phage-resistant mutants	213:242	the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain	213:257	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139 enhances host innate immunity, and the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain lose the activity.
24416179	4	44	theme	asnH	872:875	arg1	introduction					842:853	introduction	842:853	introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain	842:896	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	3	45	theme	sequencing	431:440	arg1	analyses					442:449	Cloning and sequencing analyses	419:449	Cloning and sequencing analyses	419:449	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	7	46	theme	composition	1362:1372	arg1	construction					1328:1339	the construction	1324:1339	the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139	1324:1438	These results indicate that asnH is required for the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139.
24416179	6	47	theme	casei	1226:1230	arg1	AsnH					1215:1218	AsnH	1215:1218	AsnH of L. casei	1215:1230	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	4	48	theme	wild-type	862:870	arg1	asnH					872:875	the wild-type asnH	858:875	the wild-type asnH	858:875	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	5	49	theme	L.	1042:1043	arg1	ATCC					1051:1054	L. casei ATCC 27139	1042:1060	L. casei ATCC 27139	1042:1060	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	6	50	theme	thick	1112:1116	arg1	features					1142:1149	the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features	1108:1149	the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells	1108:1196	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	6	50	theme	thick	1112:1116	arg1	characteristic					1160:1173	characteristic	1160:1173	characteristic	1160:1173	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	5	51	theme	lysozyme-treated	1003:1018	arg1	extracts					1030:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts	999:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139	999:1060	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	5	51	theme	lysozyme-treated	1003:1018	arg1	substrate					1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	5	52	theme	casei	1045:1049	arg1	ATCC					1051:1054	L. casei ATCC 27139	1042:1060	L. casei ATCC 27139	1042:1060	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	4	53	theme	innate	786:791	arg1	immunity					793:800	host innate immunity	781:800	host innate immunity	781:800	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	4	54	theme	infection	707:715	arg1	model					689:693	an in vivo mouse model	672:693	an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection	672:715	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	7	55	theme	immune-activating	1390:1406	arg1	capacity					1408:1415	the immune-activating capacity	1386:1415	the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139	1386:1438	These results indicate that asnH is required for the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139.
24416179	3	56	dep	chaperones	626:635	arg1	chaperones					626:635	the molecular chaperones	612:635	the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK	612:649	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	56	dep	chaperones	626:635	arg1	DnaK					646:649	DnaK	646:649	DnaK	646:649	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	56	dep	chaperones	626:635	arg1	DnaJ					637:640	DnaJ	637:640	DnaJ	637:640	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	7	57	theme	ATCC	1429:1432	arg1	capacity					1408:1415	the immune-activating capacity	1386:1415	the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139	1386:1438	These results indicate that asnH is required for the construction of the peptidoglycan composition involved in the immune-activating capacity of L. casei ATCC 27139.
24416179	5	58	theme	ATCC	1051:1054	arg1	extracts					1030:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts	999:1037	the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139	999:1060	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	5	58	theme	ATCC	1051:1054	arg1	substrate					1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	substrate	1075:1083	AsnH protein exhibited asparagine synthetase activity when the lysozyme-treated cell wall extracts of L. casei ATCC 27139 was added as substrate.
24416179	3	59	theme	molecular	616:624	arg1	chaperones					626:635	the molecular chaperones	612:635	the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK	612:649	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	59	theme	molecular	616:624	arg1	DnaK					646:649	DnaK	646:649	DnaK	646:649	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	59	theme	molecular	616:624	arg1	DnaJ					637:640	DnaJ	637:640	DnaJ	637:640	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	1	60	theme	Lactobacillus	147:159	arg1	ATCC					167:170	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139	147:176	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139	147:176	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139 enhances host innate immunity, and the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain lose the activity.
24416179	2	61	theme	them	399:402	arg1	mutants					384:390	nine J1 phage-resistant mutants	360:390	nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them	360:402	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	4	62	theme	host	781:784	arg1	immunity					793:800	host innate immunity	781:800	host innate immunity	781:800	Using an in vivo mouse model of Listeria infection, only asnH mutant showed deficiency in their ability to enhance host innate immunity, and complementation of the mutation by introduction of the wild-type asnH in the mutant strain recovered the immuno-augmenting activity.
24416179	2	63	theme	J1	365:366	arg1	mutants					384:390	nine J1 phage-resistant mutants	360:390	nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them	360:402	A transposon insertion mutant library of L. casei ATCC 27139 was constructed, and nine J1 phage-resistant mutants out of them were obtained.
24416179	6	64	theme	rigid	1122:1126	arg1	features					1142:1149	the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features	1108:1149	the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells	1108:1196	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	6	64	theme	rigid	1122:1126	arg1	characteristic					1160:1173	characteristic	1160:1173	characteristic	1160:1173	The asnH mutants lost the thick and rigid peptidoglycan features that are characteristic to the wild-type cells, indicating that AsnH of L. casei is involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
24416179	3	65	dep	genes	480:484	arg1	asnH					546:549	asnH	546:549	asnH	546:549	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	3	66	theme	transposon	526:535	arg1	element					537:543	the transposon element	522:543	the transposon element	522:543	Cloning and sequencing analyses identified three independent genes that were disrupted by insertion of the transposon element: asnH, encoding asparagine synthetase, and dnaJ and dnaK, encoding the molecular chaperones DnaJ and DnaK, respectively.
24416179	1	67	theme	strain	252:257	arg1	mutants					236:242	the J1 phage-resistant mutants	213:242	the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain	213:257	Lactobacillus casei ATCC 27139 enhances host innate immunity, and the J1 phage-resistant mutants of this strain lose the activity.
27305897	0	0	theme	swine	77:81	arg1	microbiota					90:99	the swine faecal microbiota	73:99	the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing	73:124	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	2	1	theme	synbiotic	453:461	arg1	combination					463:473	their synbiotic combination	447:473	their synbiotic combination (SYN)	447:479	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	1	theme	synbiotic	453:461	arg1	SYN					476:478	SYN	476:478	SYN	476:478	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	4	2	theme	LAC	798:800	arg1	group					810:814	the LAC (0.99%) group	794:814	the LAC (0.99%) group	794:814	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	4	2	theme	LAC	798:800	arg1	%					807:807	0.99%	803:807	0.99%	803:807	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	5	3	from	LAC	950:952	arg1	SYN					987:989	SYN	987:989	SYN	987:989	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	4	theme	Escherichia	1009:1019	arg1	lowest					1025:1030	lowest	1025:1030	lowest	1025:1030	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	4	theme	Escherichia	1009:1019	arg1	abundance					996:1004	the abundance	992:1004	the abundance of Escherichia	992:1019	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	1	5	theme	non-antibiotic	157:170	arg1	promoters					179:187	non-antibiotic growth promoters	157:187	non-antibiotic growth promoters	157:187	Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years.
27305897	4	6	located	observed	782:789	arg1	group					810:814	the LAC (0.99%) group	794:814	the LAC (0.99%) group	794:814	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	4	6	located	observed	782:789	arg1	%					807:807	0.99%	803:807	0.99%	803:807	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	4	6	located	observed	782:789	arg2	more					748:751	more	748:751	more	748:751	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	3	7	located	observed	652:659	arg2	proportion					619:628	the lowest proportion	608:628	the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria	608:646	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	3	7	located	observed	652:659	arg1	group					672:676	the LAC group	664:676	the LAC group	664:676	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	3	8	theme	Proteobacteria	633:646	arg1	proportion					619:628	the lowest proportion	608:628	the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria	608:646	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	6	9	theme	components	1103:1112	arg1	analysis					1081:1088	the discriminant analysis	1064:1088	the discriminant analysis of principal components	1064:1112	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	2	10	theme	piglets	294:300	arg1	microbiota					273:282	the faecal microbiota	262:282	the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets	262:300	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	5	11	located	detected	906:913	arg1	PRO					918:920	PRO	918:920	PRO	918:920	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	11	located	detected	906:913	arg1	LAC					950:952	the highest Clostridium in LAC	923:952	the highest Clostridium in LAC	923:952	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	11	located	detected	906:913	arg1	level					858:862	the genus level	848:862	the genus level	848:862	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	11	located	detected	906:913	arg2	proportion					891:900	the highest Oscillibacter proportion	865:900	the highest Oscillibacter proportion	865:900	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	11	located	detected	906:913	arg1	Lactobacillus					970:982	the highest Lactobacillus	958:982	the highest Lactobacillus in SYN	958:989	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	0	12	theme	faecal	83:88	arg1	microbiota					90:99	the swine faecal microbiota	73:99	the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing	73:124	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	3	13	theme	LAC	668:670	arg1	group					672:676	the LAC group	664:676	the LAC group	664:676	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	6	14	theme	groups	1158:1163	arg1	separation					1132:1141	distinct separation	1123:1141	distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN)	1123:1187	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	2	15	theme	weaned	287:292	arg1	piglets					294:300	weaned piglets	287:300	weaned piglets	287:300	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	5	16	from	PRO	918:920	arg1	SYN					987:989	SYN	987:989	SYN	987:989	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	6	17	theme	microbial	1208:1216	arg1	compositions					1218:1229	different microbial compositions	1198:1229	different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination	1198:1288	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	18	theme	feeding	1150:1156	arg1	PRO					1176:1178	PRO	1176:1178	PRO	1176:1178	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	18	theme	feeding	1150:1156	arg1	LAC					1171:1173	LAC	1171:1173	LAC	1171:1173	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	18	theme	feeding	1150:1156	arg1	CON					1166:1168	CON	1166:1168	CON	1166:1168	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	18	theme	feeding	1150:1156	arg1	SYN					1184:1186	SYN	1184:1186	SYN	1184:1186	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	18	theme	feeding	1150:1156	arg1	groups					1158:1163	the feeding groups	1146:1163	the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN)	1146:1187	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	1	19	from	development	142:152	arg1	production					199:208	animal production	192:208	animal production	192:208	Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years.
27305897	1	20	theme	growth	172:177	arg1	promoters					179:187	non-antibiotic growth promoters	157:187	non-antibiotic growth promoters	157:187	Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years.
27305897	6	21	theme	different	1198:1206	arg1	compositions					1218:1229	different microbial compositions	1198:1229	different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination	1198:1288	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	7	22	theme	individual	1318:1327	arg1	materials					1329:1337	individual materials	1318:1337	individual materials	1318:1337	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	2	23	dep	Enterococcus	405:416	arg1	faecium					418:424	faecium	418:424	faecium	418:424	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	3	24	theme	phylum	489:494	arg1	level					496:500	the phylum level	485:500	the phylum level	485:500	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	1	25	theme	promoters	179:187	arg1	development					142:152	the development	138:152	the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production	138:208	Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years.
27305897	2	26	theme	11181	432:436	arg1	administration					312:325	the administration	308:325	the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN)	308:479	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	6	27	from	Clustering	1050:1059	arg1	analysis					1081:1088	the discriminant analysis	1064:1088	the discriminant analysis of principal components	1064:1112	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	2	28	theme	prebiotic	368:376	arg1	lactulose					378:386	that containing prebiotic lactulose	352:386	that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC)	352:392	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	28	theme	prebiotic	368:376	arg1	LAC					389:391	LAC	389:391	LAC	389:391	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	29	theme	NCIMB	426:430	arg1	PRO					439:441	PRO	439:441	PRO	439:441	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	29	theme	NCIMB	426:430	arg1	11181					432:436	probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181	395:436	probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO)	395:442	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	6	30	theme	discriminant	1068:1079	arg1	analysis					1081:1088	the discriminant analysis	1064:1088	the discriminant analysis of principal components	1064:1112	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	3	31	theme	Bacteroidetes	521:533	arg1	ratio					535:539	Bacteroidetes ratio	521:539	Bacteroidetes ratio	521:539	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	1	32	theme	animal	192:197	arg1	production					199:208	animal production	192:208	animal production	192:208	Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years.
27305897	6	33	theme	different	1244:1252	arg1	additives					1259:1267	different feed additives	1244:1267	different feed additives	1244:1267	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	4	34	theme	family	686:691	arg1	level					693:697	the family level	682:697	the family level	682:697	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	6	35	theme	distinct	1123:1130	arg1	separation					1132:1141	distinct separation	1123:1141	distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN)	1123:1187	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	2	36	theme	probiotic	395:403	arg1	PRO					439:441	PRO	439:441	PRO	439:441	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	36	theme	probiotic	395:403	arg1	11181					432:436	probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181	395:436	probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO)	395:442	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	0	37	theme	combined	14:21	arg1	effects					23:29	the combined effects	10:29	the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing	10:124	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	5	38	theme	genus	852:856	arg1	level					858:862	the genus level	848:862	the genus level	848:862	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	0	39	theme	lactulose	34:42	arg1	effects					23:29	the combined effects	10:29	the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing	10:124	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	7	40	theme	distal	1427:1432	arg1	microbiota					1438:1447	the distal gut microbiota	1423:1447	the distal gut microbiota	1423:1447	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	5	41	theme	highest	927:933	arg1	LAC					950:952	the highest Clostridium in LAC	923:952	the highest Clostridium in LAC	923:952	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	2	42	theme	containing	357:366	arg1	lactulose					378:386	that containing prebiotic lactulose	352:386	that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC)	352:392	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	42	theme	containing	357:366	arg1	LAC					389:391	LAC	389:391	LAC	389:391	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	6	43	theme	feed	1254:1257	arg1	additives					1259:1267	different feed additives	1244:1267	different feed additives	1244:1267	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	4	44	theme	CON	834:836	arg1	group					838:842	the CON group	830:842	the CON group	830:842	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	5	45	theme	highest	962:968	arg1	Lactobacillus					970:982	the highest Lactobacillus	958:982	the highest Lactobacillus in SYN	958:989	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	0	46	theme	probiotic	48:56	arg1	enterococci					58:68	probiotic enterococci	48:68	probiotic enterococci	48:68	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	7	47	from	changes	1412:1418	arg1	microbiota					1438:1447	the distal gut microbiota	1423:1447	the distal gut microbiota	1423:1447	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	0	48	theme	enterococci	58:68	arg1	effects					23:29	the combined effects	10:29	the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing	10:124	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	4	49	theme	10-fold	760:766	arg1	reduction					768:776	a 10-fold reduction	758:776	a 10-fold reduction	758:776	At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10-fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group.
27305897	7	50	theme	gut	1434:1436	arg1	microbiota					1438:1447	the distal gut microbiota	1423:1447	the distal gut microbiota	1423:1447	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	6	51	dep	groups	1158:1163	arg1	PRO					1176:1178	PRO	1176:1178	PRO	1176:1178	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	51	dep	groups	1158:1163	arg1	LAC					1171:1173	LAC	1171:1173	LAC	1171:1173	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	51	dep	groups	1158:1163	arg1	CON					1166:1168	CON	1166:1168	CON	1166:1168	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	51	dep	groups	1158:1163	arg1	groups					1158:1163	the feeding groups	1146:1163	the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN)	1146:1187	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	6	51	dep	groups	1158:1163	arg1	SYN					1184:1186	SYN	1184:1186	SYN	1184:1186	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	7	52	theme	unique	1366:1371	arg1	actions					1373:1379	unique actions	1366:1379	unique actions	1366:1379	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	3	53	theme	CON	593:595	arg1	group					597:601	the CON group	589:601	the CON group	589:601	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	6	54	theme	principal	1093:1101	arg1	components					1103:1112	principal components	1093:1112	principal components	1093:1112	Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination.
27305897	2	55	theme	diet	338:341	arg1	administration					312:325	the administration	308:325	the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN)	308:479	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	5	56	theme	LAC	1039:1041	arg1	group					1043:1047	the LAC group	1035:1047	the LAC group	1035:1047	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	57	theme	Oscillibacter	877:889	arg1	proportion					891:900	the highest Oscillibacter proportion	865:900	the highest Oscillibacter proportion	865:900	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	2	58	theme	faecal	266:271	arg1	microbiota					273:282	the faecal microbiota	262:282	the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets	262:300	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	59	theme	basal	332:336	arg1	diet					338:341	a basal diet	330:341	a basal diet (CON)	330:347	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	59	theme	basal	332:336	arg1	CON					344:346	CON	344:346	CON	344:346	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	1	60	theme	recent	227:232	arg1	years					234:238	recent years	227:238	recent years	227:238	Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years.
27305897	5	61	theme	highest	869:875	arg1	proportion					891:900	the highest Oscillibacter proportion	865:900	the highest Oscillibacter proportion	865:900	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	7	62	theme	independent	1385:1395	arg1	mechanisms					1397:1406	independent mechanisms	1385:1406	independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota	1385:1447	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	3	63	theme	treatment	558:566	arg1	groups					568:573	the treatment groups	554:573	the treatment groups	554:573	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	7	64	contain	have	1361:1364	arg2	actions					1373:1379	unique actions	1366:1379	unique actions	1366:1379	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	7	64	contain	have	1361:1364	arg1	materials					1329:1337	individual materials	1318:1337	individual materials	1318:1337	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	7	64	contain	have	1361:1364	arg1	combination					1349:1359	their combination	1343:1359	their combination	1343:1359	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	7	64	contain	have	1361:1364	arg2	mechanisms					1397:1406	independent mechanisms	1385:1406	independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota	1385:1447	These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.
27305897	2	65	theme	lactulose	378:386	arg1	administration					312:325	the administration	308:325	the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN)	308:479	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	3	66	theme	lowest	612:617	arg1	proportion					619:628	the lowest proportion	608:628	the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria	608:646	At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group.
27305897	2	67	theme	combination	463:473	arg1	administration					312:325	the administration	308:325	the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN)	308:479	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	0	68	from	effects	23:29	arg1	microbiota					90:99	the swine faecal microbiota	73:99	the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing	73:124	Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.
27305897	2	69	theme	Enterococcus	405:416	arg1	PRO					439:441	PRO	439:441	PRO	439:441	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	2	69	theme	Enterococcus	405:416	arg1	11181					432:436	probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181	395:436	probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO)	395:442	This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN).
27305897	5	70	dep	highest	927:933	arg1	in					947:948	in	947:948	in	947:948	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
27305897	5	71	from	Lactobacillus	970:982	arg1	SYN					987:989	SYN	987:989	SYN	987:989	At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group.
25864966	5	0	theme	Colloids	793:800	arg1	Mobility					770:777	Mobility	770:777	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI -	770:909	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	0	1	from	investigation	8:20	arg1	transport					25:33	transport	25:33	transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater	25:102	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	10	2	theme	samples	1446:1452	arg1	Filtration					1426:1435	Filtration	1426:1435	Filtration of water samples	1426:1452	Filtration of water samples revealed a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced.
25864966	11	3	theme	plume	1643:1647	arg1	remediation					1649:1659	contaminant plume remediation	1631:1659	contaminant plume remediation	1631:1659	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	10	4	theme	%	1498:1498	arg1	breakthrough					1474:1485	a particle breakthrough	1463:1485	a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced	1463:1523	Filtration of water samples revealed a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced.
25864966	1	5	theme	granular	333:340	arg1	iron					342:345	granular iron	333:345	granular iron	333:345	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	10	6	theme	water	1440:1444	arg1	samples					1446:1452	water samples	1440:1452	water samples	1440:1452	Filtration of water samples revealed a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced.
25864966	3	7	theme	nZVI	522:525	arg1	limitation					439:448	one limitation	435:448	one limitation to widespread deployment	435:473	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	3	7	theme	nZVI	522:525	arg1	sedimentation					505:517	sedimentation	505:517	sedimentation	505:517	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	3	7	theme	nZVI	522:525	arg1	agglomeration					487:499	the fast agglomeration	478:499	the fast agglomeration	478:499	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	9	8	theme	extraction	1409:1418	arg1	well					1420:1423	the extraction well	1405:1423	the extraction well	1405:1423	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	7	9	theme	stabilizer	1180:1189	arg1	cellulose					1205:1213	the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose	1164:1213	the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose	1164:1213	Approximately 1.2kg of CIC was suspended with the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose.
25864966	9	10	located	detected	1380:1387	arg1	samples					1392:1398	samples	1392:1398	samples from the extraction well	1392:1423	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	9	10	located	detected	1380:1387	arg2	particle					1347:1354	total particle and iron concentrations	1341:1378	particle	1347:1354	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	7	11	theme	carboxymethyl	1191:1203	arg1	cellulose					1205:1213	the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose	1164:1213	the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose	1164:1213	Approximately 1.2kg of CIC was suspended with the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose.
25864966	9	12	theme	CIC	1302:1304	arg1	Breakthrough					1286:1297	Breakthrough	1286:1297	Breakthrough of CIC	1286:1304	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	6	13	theme	injection/extraction	1080:1099	arg1	rate					1101:1104	The injection/extraction rate	1076:1104	The injection/extraction rate	1076:1104	The injection/extraction rate was 500L/h.
25864966	5	14	theme	activated	870:878	arg1	carbon					880:885	finely ground activated carbon	856:885	finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI	856:907	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	7	15	theme	polyanionic	1168:1178	arg1	cellulose					1205:1213	the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose	1164:1213	the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose	1164:1213	Approximately 1.2kg of CIC was suspended with the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose.
25864966	11	16	theme	contaminant	1631:1641	arg1	remediation					1649:1659	contaminant plume remediation	1631:1659	contaminant plume remediation	1631:1659	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	10	17	theme	particle	1465:1472	arg1	breakthrough					1474:1485	a particle breakthrough	1463:1485	a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced	1463:1523	Filtration of water samples revealed a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced.
25864966	11	18	theme	CIC	1561:1563	arg1	particles					1565:1573	CIC particles	1561:1573	CIC particles	1561:1573	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	2	19	theme	zero-valent	390:400	arg1	iron					402:405	zero-valent iron	390:405	zero-valent iron	390:405	Dechlorination of organic contaminants by zero-valent iron seems promising.
25864966	0	20	theme	field	2:6	arg1	investigation					8:20	A field investigation	0:20	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.	0:103	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	0	21	from	transport	25:33	arg1	groundwater					92:102	groundwater	92:102	groundwater	92:102	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	11	22	theme	particles	1565:1573	arg1	mobility					1549:1556	high mobility	1544:1556	high mobility of CIC particles	1544:1573	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	5	23	theme	field	927:931	arg1	application					933:943	a field application	925:943	a field application	925:943	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	10	24	theme	amount	1507:1512	arg1	%					1498:1498	about 12%	1490:1498	about 12% of the amount introduced	1490:1523	Filtration of water samples revealed a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced.
25864966	10	24	theme	amount	1507:1512	arg1	amount					1507:1512	the amount	1503:1512	the amount introduced	1503:1523	Filtration of water samples revealed a particle breakthrough of about 12% of the amount introduced.
25864966	1	25	theme	subsurface	162:171	arg1	remediation					173:183	subsurface remediation	162:183	subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants	162:211	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	5	26	theme	developed	818:826	arg1	material					838:845	a newly developed composite material	810:845	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI -	770:909	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	9	27	theme	iron	1360:1363	arg1	concentrations					1365:1378	total particle and iron concentrations	1341:1378	concentrations	1365:1378	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	2	28	theme	contaminants	374:385	arg1	Dechlorination					348:361	Dechlorination	348:361	Dechlorination of organic contaminants by zero-valent iron	348:405	Dechlorination of organic contaminants by zero-valent iron seems promising.
25864966	5	29	theme	composite	828:836	arg1	material					838:845	a newly developed composite material	810:845	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI -	770:909	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	5	30	theme	flow	981:984	arg1	field					986:990	a horizontal dipole flow field	961:990	a horizontal dipole flow field	961:990	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	9	31	from	well	1420:1423	arg1	samples					1392:1398	samples	1392:1398	samples from the extraction well	1392:1423	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	3	32	theme	colloidal	530:538	arg1	suspensions					540:550	colloidal suspensions	530:550	colloidal suspensions	530:550	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	1	33	theme	groundwater	188:198	arg1	contaminants					200:211	groundwater contaminants	188:211	groundwater contaminants	188:211	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	9	34	theme	total	1341:1345	arg1	particle					1347:1354	total particle and iron concentrations	1341:1378	particle	1347:1354	Breakthrough of CIC was observed visually and based on total particle and iron concentrations detected in samples from the extraction well.
25864966	11	35	theme	reactive	1685:1692	arg1	barriers					1694:1701	reactive barriers	1685:1701	reactive barriers	1685:1701	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	3	36	theme	sources	647:653	arg1	treatment					634:642	the treatment	630:642	the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination	630:681	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	11	37	theme	in-situ	1664:1670	arg1	formation					1672:1680	in-situ formation	1664:1680	in-situ formation of reactive barriers	1664:1701	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	1	38	theme	contaminants	200:211	arg1	remediation					173:183	subsurface remediation	162:183	subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants	162:211	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	4	39	theme	Colloid-supported	684:700	arg1	nZVI					702:705	Colloid-supported nZVI	684:705	Colloid-supported nZVI	684:705	Colloid-supported nZVI shows promising characteristics to overcome these limitations.
25864966	5	40	theme	confined	1049:1056	arg1	aquifer					1067:1073	a confined, natural aquifer	1047:1073	a confined, natural aquifer	1047:1073	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	7	41	theme	CIC	1141:1143	arg1	1.2kg					1132:1136	Approximately 1.2kg	1118:1136	Approximately 1.2kg of CIC	1118:1143	Approximately 1.2kg of CIC was suspended with the polyanionic stabilizer carboxymethyl cellulose.
25864966	5	42	theme	ground	863:868	arg1	carbon					880:885	finely ground activated carbon	856:885	finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI	856:907	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	0	43	theme	nanoscale	55:63	arg1	nZVI					83:86	nZVI	83:86	nZVI	83:86	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	0	43	theme	nanoscale	55:63	arg1	iron					77:80	carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron	38:80	carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	38:87	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	1	44	theme	permeable	290:298	arg1	technique					317:325	the permeable reactive barrier technique	286:325	the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron	286:345	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	5	45	theme	Carbo-Iron	782:791	arg1	CIC					803:805	CIC	803:805	CIC	803:805	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	5	45	theme	Carbo-Iron	782:791	arg1	Colloids					793:800	Carbo-Iron Colloids	782:800	Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC)	782:806	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	0	46	theme	carbon-supported	38:53	arg1	nZVI					83:86	nZVI	83:86	nZVI	83:86	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	0	46	theme	carbon-supported	38:53	arg1	iron					77:80	carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron	38:80	carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	38:87	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	1	47	theme	reactive	300:307	arg1	technique					317:325	the permeable reactive barrier technique	286:325	the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron	286:345	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	5	48	dep	Mobility	770:777	arg1	material					838:845	a newly developed composite material	810:845	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI -	770:909	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	3	49	theme	contamination	669:681	arg1	plumes					659:664	plumes	659:664	plumes	659:664	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	3	49	theme	contamination	669:681	arg1	sources					647:653	sources	647:653	sources	647:653	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	4	50	theme	promising	713:721	arg1	characteristics					723:737	promising characteristics	713:737	promising characteristics	713:737	Colloid-supported nZVI shows promising characteristics to overcome these limitations.
25864966	1	51	theme	barrier	309:315	arg1	technique					317:325	the permeable reactive barrier technique	286:325	the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron	286:345	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	8	52	theme	injection	1270:1278	arg1	well					1280:1283	the injection well	1266:1283	the injection well	1266:1283	The suspension was introduced into the aquifer at the injection well.
25864966	1	53	theme	zero-valent	134:144	arg1	iron					146:149	nanoscale zero-valent iron	124:149	nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	124:156	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	53	theme	zero-valent	134:144	arg1	nZVI					152:155	nZVI	152:155	nZVI	152:155	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	5	54	theme	horizontal	963:972	arg1	field					986:990	a horizontal dipole flow field	961:990	a horizontal dipole flow field	961:990	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	11	55	theme	high	1544:1547	arg1	mobility					1549:1556	high mobility	1544:1556	high mobility of CIC particles	1544:1573	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	3	56	theme	fast	482:485	arg1	limitation					439:448	one limitation	435:448	one limitation to widespread deployment	435:473	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	3	56	theme	fast	482:485	arg1	agglomeration					487:499	the fast agglomeration	478:499	the fast agglomeration	478:499	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	5	57	dep	confined	1049:1056	arg1	natural					1059:1065	natural	1059:1065	natural	1059:1065	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	11	58	theme	barriers	1694:1701	arg1	formation					1672:1680	in-situ formation	1664:1680	in-situ formation of reactive barriers	1664:1701	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	5	59	theme	dipole	974:979	arg1	field					986:990	a horizontal dipole flow field	961:990	a horizontal dipole flow field	961:990	Mobility of Carbo-Iron Colloids (CIC) - a newly developed composite material based on finely ground activated carbon as a carrier for nZVI - was tested in a field application: In this study, a horizontal dipole flow field was established between two wells separated by 5.3m in a confined, natural aquifer.
25864966	1	60	theme	nanoscale	124:132	arg1	iron					146:149	nanoscale zero-valent iron	124:149	nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	124:156	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	60	theme	nanoscale	124:132	arg1	nZVI					152:155	nZVI	152:155	nZVI	152:155	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	61	theme	promising	218:226	arg1	alternative					271:281	alternative	271:281	alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron	271:345	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	61	theme	promising	218:226	arg1	technology					232:241	a promising new technology	216:241	a promising new technology	216:241	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	61	theme	promising	218:226	arg1	application					109:119	The application	105:119	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants	105:211	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	0	62	theme	iron	77:80	arg1	transport					25:33	transport	25:33	transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater	25:102	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	3	63	theme	plumes	659:664	arg1	treatment					634:642	the treatment	630:642	the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination	630:681	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	3	64	theme	widespread	453:462	arg1	deployment					464:473	widespread deployment	453:473	widespread deployment	453:473	Currently, one limitation to widespread deployment is the fast agglomeration and sedimentation of nZVI in colloidal suspensions, even more so when in soils and sediments, which limits the applicability for the treatment of sources and plumes of contamination.
25864966	2	65	theme	organic	366:372	arg1	contaminants					374:385	organic contaminants	366:385	organic contaminants	366:385	Dechlorination of organic contaminants by zero-valent iron seems promising.
25864966	1	66	theme	new	228:230	arg1	alternative					271:281	alternative	271:281	alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron	271:345	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	66	theme	new	228:230	arg1	technology					232:241	a promising new technology	216:241	a promising new technology	216:241	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	66	theme	new	228:230	arg1	application					109:119	The application	105:119	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants	105:211	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	0	67	theme	zero-valent	65:75	arg1	nZVI					83:86	nZVI	83:86	nZVI	83:86	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	0	67	theme	zero-valent	65:75	arg1	iron					77:80	carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron	38:80	carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)	38:87	A field investigation on transport of carbon-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) in groundwater.
25864966	11	68	used	used	1622:1625	arg2	nZVI					1595:1598	nZVI	1595:1598	nZVI carried on CIC	1595:1613	This demonstrates high mobility of CIC particles and we suggest that nZVI carried on CIC can be used for contaminant plume remediation by in-situ formation of reactive barriers.
25864966	1	69	theme	iron	146:149	arg1	technology					232:241	a promising new technology	216:241	a promising new technology	216:241	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
25864966	1	69	theme	iron	146:149	arg1	application					109:119	The application	105:119	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants	105:211	The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for subsurface remediation of groundwater contaminants is a promising new technology, which can be understood as alternative to the permeable reactive barrier technique using granular iron.
26812204	8	0	theme	friability	1169:1178	arg1	%					1184:1184	friability <1.7%	1169:1184	friability <1.7%	1169:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	12	1	theme	inert	1770:1774	arg1	cores					1776:1780	inert cores	1770:1780	inert cores	1770:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	5	2	theme	central	693:699	arg1	design					711:716	a central composite design	691:716	a central composite design	691:716	Final optimization of formula was performed by response surface methodology using a central composite design.
26812204	9	3	theme	optimized	1191:1199	arg1	pellets					1208:1214	The optimized matrix pellets	1187:1214	The optimized matrix pellets	1187:1214	The optimized matrix pellets were enteric coated using Eudragit L 100.
26812204	2	4	theme	model	350:354	arg1	drug					356:359	a model drug	348:359	a model drug	348:359	Aspirin was used as a model drug.
26812204	2	4	theme	model	350:354	arg1	Aspirin					328:334	Aspirin	328:334	Aspirin	328:334	Aspirin was used as a model drug.
26812204	8	5	theme	%	1184:1184	arg1	terms					1097:1101	terms	1097:1101	terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1097:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	12	6	used	used	1610:1613	arg2	technique					1633:1641	an alternative technique	1618:1641	an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores	1618:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	12	6	used	used	1610:1613	arg2	process					1531:1537	the developed process	1517:1537	the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents	1517:1601	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	12	7	theme	solvents	1728:1735	arg1	application					1696:1706	the application	1692:1706	the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores	1692:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	11	8	theme	delayed	1400:1406	arg1	stable					1451:1456	stable	1451:1456	stable	1451:1456	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	11	8	theme	delayed	1400:1406	arg1	pellets					1416:1422	The delayed release pellets	1396:1422	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH	1396:1444	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	13	9	theme	various	1925:1931	arg1	excipients					1945:1954	various hydrophilic excipients	1925:1954	various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability	1925:2054	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	13	10	theme	hydrophobic	1834:1844	arg1	drugs					1846:1850	hydrophobic drugs	1834:1850	hydrophobic drugs	1834:1850	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	8	11	theme	design	1018:1023	arg1	space					1025:1029	A design space	1016:1029	A design space	1016:1029	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	5	12	theme	surface	665:671	arg1	methodology					673:683	response surface methodology	656:683	response surface methodology	656:683	Final optimization of formula was performed by response surface methodology using a central composite design.
26812204	13	13	theme	disintegration	1886:1899	arg1	property					1901:1908	the rapid disintegration property	1876:1908	the rapid disintegration property	1876:1908	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	8	14	from	responses	1084:1092	arg1	terms					1097:1101	terms	1097:1101	terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1097:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	1	15	theme	disintegrating	171:184	arg1	formulation					193:203	a disintegrating pellet formulation	169:203	a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose	169:233	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	8	16	from	targets	1069:1075	arg1	terms					1097:1101	terms	1097:1101	terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1097:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	12	17	theme	volatile	1711:1718	arg1	solvents					1728:1735	volatile organic solvents	1711:1735	volatile organic solvents	1711:1735	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	6	18	theme	adequate	855:862	arg1	accuracy					864:871	adequate accuracy	855:871	adequate accuracy based on the regression model	855:901	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	12	19	theme	non-aqueous	1572:1582	arg1	agents					1596:1601	non-aqueous granulating agents	1572:1601	non-aqueous granulating agents	1572:1601	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	1	20	theme	microcrystalline	208:223	arg1	cellulose					225:233	microcrystalline cellulose	208:233	microcrystalline cellulose	208:233	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	12	21	theme	developed	1521:1529	arg1	process					1531:1537	the developed process	1517:1537	the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents	1517:1601	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	12	21	theme	developed	1521:1529	arg1	technique					1633:1641	an alternative technique	1618:1641	an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores	1618:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	13	22	theme	study	1801:1805	arg1	scope					1787:1791	The scope	1783:1791	The scope of this study	1783:1805	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	13	23	theme	rapid	1880:1884	arg1	property					1901:1908	the rapid disintegration property	1876:1908	the rapid disintegration property	1876:1908	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	7	24	theme	factors	981:987	arg1	influence					968:976	the influence	964:976	the influence of factors	964:987	Pareto charts and contour charts were studied to understand the influence of factors and predict the responses.
26812204	12	25	theme	various	1647:1653	arg1	drugs					1671:1675	various water sensitive drugs	1647:1675	various water sensitive drugs	1647:1675	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	4	26	theme	Plackett-Burman	514:528	arg1	design					530:535	Plackett-Burman design	514:535	Plackett-Burman design	514:535	Plackett-Burman design was initially conducted to screen and identify the significant factors.
26812204	0	27	theme	extrusion	72:80	arg1	process					82:88	non-aqueous extrusion process	60:88	non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools	60:112	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	5	28	theme	formula	631:637	arg1	optimization					615:626	Final optimization	609:626	Final optimization of formula	609:637	Final optimization of formula was performed by response surface methodology using a central composite design.
26812204	12	29	theme	sensitive	1661:1669	arg1	drugs					1671:1675	various water sensitive drugs	1647:1675	various water sensitive drugs	1647:1675	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	10	30	theme	drug	1262:1265	arg1	release					1267:1273	The drug release	1258:1273	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media	1258:1336	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	10	30	theme	drug	1262:1265	arg1	%					1345:1345	~93%	1342:1345	~93%	1342:1345	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	6	31	theme	pellet	750:755	arg1	forms					764:768	the pellet dosage forms	746:768	the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	746:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	31	theme	pellet	750:755	arg1	yield					829:833	yield	829:833	yield	829:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	31	theme	pellet	750:755	arg1	sphericity					814:823	sphericity	814:823	sphericity	814:823	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	31	theme	pellet	750:755	arg1	variables					781:789	dependent variables	771:789	dependent variables	771:789	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	31	theme	pellet	750:755	arg1	time					808:811	disintegration time	793:811	disintegration time	793:811	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	2	32	used	used	340:343	arg2	Aspirin					328:334	Aspirin	328:334	Aspirin	328:334	Aspirin was used as a model drug.
26812204	2	32	used	used	340:343	arg2	drug					356:359	a model drug	348:359	a model drug	348:359	Aspirin was used as a model drug.
26812204	10	33	theme	enteric	1284:1290	arg1	pellets					1299:1305	the enteric coated pellets	1280:1305	the enteric coated pellets	1280:1305	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	1	34	theme	sensitive	280:288	arg1	drug					290:293	a water sensitive drug	272:293	a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools	272:325	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	3	35	theme	matrix	377:382	arg1	pellets					384:390	Disintegrating matrix pellets	362:390	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant	362:497	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	12	36	theme	conventional	1740:1751	arg1	layering					1758:1765	conventional drug layering	1740:1765	conventional drug layering on inert cores	1740:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	6	37	theme	critical	723:730	arg1	attributes					732:741	The critical attributes	719:741	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	719:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	10	38	theme	marketed	1378:1385	arg1	pellets					1387:1393	the marketed pellets	1374:1393	the marketed pellets	1374:1393	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	4	39	theme	significant	588:598	arg1	factors					600:606	the significant factors	584:606	the significant factors	584:606	Plackett-Burman design was initially conducted to screen and identify the significant factors.
26812204	11	40	theme	%	1441:1441	arg1	RH					1443:1444	25°C/60% RH	1434:1444	25°C/60% RH	1434:1444	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	0	41	theme	disintegrating	27:40	arg1	pellets					42:48	disintegrating pellets	27:48	disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools	27:112	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	1	42	theme	statistical	309:319	arg1	tools					321:325	various statistical tools	301:325	various statistical tools	301:325	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	8	43	theme	time	1121:1124	arg1	<5min					1126:1130	disintegration time <5min	1106:1130	disintegration time <5min	1106:1130	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	12	44	from	application	1696:1706	arg1	layering					1758:1765	conventional drug layering	1740:1765	conventional drug layering on inert cores	1740:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	12	44	from	application	1696:1706	arg1	cores					1776:1780	inert cores	1770:1780	inert cores	1770:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	6	45	theme	disintegration	793:806	arg1	forms					764:768	the pellet dosage forms	746:768	the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	746:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	45	theme	disintegration	793:806	arg1	time					808:811	disintegration time	793:811	disintegration time	793:811	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	1	46	theme	cellulose	225:233	arg1	formulation					193:203	a disintegrating pellet formulation	169:203	a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose	169:233	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	8	47	theme	yield	1141:1145	arg1	terms					1097:1101	terms	1097:1101	terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1097:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	6	48	theme	dependent	771:779	arg1	forms					764:768	the pellet dosage forms	746:768	the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	746:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	48	theme	dependent	771:779	arg1	variables					781:789	dependent variables	771:789	dependent variables	771:789	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	1	49	theme	non-aqueous	238:248	arg1	process					260:266	non-aqueous extrusion process	238:266	non-aqueous extrusion process	238:266	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	8	50	theme	sphericity	1148:1157	arg1	>0.95					1159:1163	sphericity >0.95	1148:1163	sphericity >0.95	1148:1163	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	10	51	from	pellets	1387:1393	arg1	%					1367:1367	~77%	1364:1367	~77% from the marketed pellets	1364:1393	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	6	52	theme	forms	764:768	arg1	attributes					732:741	The critical attributes	719:741	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	719:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	12	53	from	layering	1758:1765	arg1	cores					1776:1780	inert cores	1770:1780	inert cores	1770:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	5	54	theme	composite	701:709	arg1	design					711:716	a central composite design	691:716	a central composite design	691:716	Final optimization of formula was performed by response surface methodology using a central composite design.
26812204	9	55	theme	matrix	1201:1206	arg1	pellets					1208:1214	The optimized matrix pellets	1187:1214	The optimized matrix pellets	1187:1214	The optimized matrix pellets were enteric coated using Eudragit L 100.
26812204	13	56	theme	pellet	1978:1983	arg1	formulation					1985:1995	the optimized pellet formulation	1964:1995	the optimized pellet formulation	1964:1995	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	12	57	theme	drug	1753:1756	arg1	layering					1758:1765	conventional drug layering	1740:1765	conventional drug layering on inert cores	1740:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	5	58	theme	response	656:663	arg1	methodology					673:683	response surface methodology	656:683	response surface methodology	656:683	Final optimization of formula was performed by response surface methodology using a central composite design.
26812204	13	59	theme	hydrophilic	1933:1943	arg1	excipients					1945:1954	various hydrophilic excipients	1925:1954	various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability	1925:2054	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	7	60	theme	Pareto	904:909	arg1	charts					911:916	Pareto charts	904:916	Pareto charts	904:916	Pareto charts and contour charts were studied to understand the influence of factors and predict the responses.
26812204	12	61	theme	organic	1720:1726	arg1	solvents					1728:1735	volatile organic solvents	1711:1735	volatile organic solvents	1711:1735	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	9	62	theme	Eudragit	1242:1249	arg1	L					1251:1251	Eudragit L 100	1242:1255	Eudragit L 100	1242:1255	The optimized matrix pellets were enteric coated using Eudragit L 100.
26812204	1	63	theme	pellet	186:191	arg1	formulation					193:203	a disintegrating pellet formulation	169:203	a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose	169:233	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	12	64	theme	granulating	1584:1594	arg1	agents					1596:1601	non-aqueous granulating agents	1572:1601	non-aqueous granulating agents	1572:1601	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	8	65	from	terms	1097:1101	arg1	targets					1069:1075	the desirable targets	1055:1075	the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1055:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	12	66	theme	disintegrating	1543:1556	arg1	pellets					1558:1564	disintegrating pellets	1543:1564	disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents	1543:1601	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	10	67	from	pellets	1299:1305	arg1	release					1267:1273	The drug release	1258:1273	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media	1258:1336	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	10	67	from	pellets	1299:1305	arg1	%					1345:1345	~93%	1342:1345	~93%	1342:1345	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	10	68	from	30min	1313:1317	arg1	media					1332:1336	the basic media	1322:1336	the basic media	1322:1336	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	0	69	theme	non-aqueous	60:70	arg1	process					82:88	non-aqueous extrusion process	60:88	non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools	60:112	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	11	70	theme	10mo	1474:1477	arg1	period					1464:1469	a period	1462:1469	a period of 10mo	1462:1477	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	1	71	theme	study	136:140	arg1	objective					119:127	The objective	115:127	The objective of the study	115:140	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	1	71	theme	study	136:140	arg1	design					149:154	design	149:154	design	149:154	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	8	72	theme	desirable	1059:1067	arg1	targets					1069:1075	the desirable targets	1055:1075	the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1055:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	0	73	theme	statistical	96:106	arg1	tools					108:112	statistical tools	96:112	statistical tools	96:112	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	12	74	theme	water	1655:1659	arg1	drugs					1671:1675	various water sensitive drugs	1647:1675	various water sensitive drugs	1647:1675	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	3	75	theme	Disintegrating	362:375	arg1	pellets					384:390	Disintegrating matrix pellets	362:390	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant	362:497	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	6	76	theme	dosage	757:762	arg1	forms					764:768	the pellet dosage forms	746:768	the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	746:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	76	theme	dosage	757:762	arg1	yield					829:833	yield	829:833	yield	829:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	76	theme	dosage	757:762	arg1	sphericity					814:823	sphericity	814:823	sphericity	814:823	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	76	theme	dosage	757:762	arg1	variables					781:789	dependent variables	771:789	dependent variables	771:789	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	76	theme	dosage	757:762	arg1	time					808:811	disintegration time	793:811	disintegration time	793:811	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	8	77	theme	responses	1084:1092	arg1	targets					1069:1075	the desirable targets	1055:1075	the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1055:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	10	78	theme	coated	1292:1297	arg1	pellets					1299:1305	the enteric coated pellets	1280:1305	the enteric coated pellets	1280:1305	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	3	79	theme	liquid	455:460	arg1	granulation					443:453	a non-aqueous granulation	429:453	a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose	429:479	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	3	79	theme	liquid	455:460	arg1	glycol					419:424	propylene glycol	409:424	propylene glycol	409:424	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	5	80	theme	Final	609:613	arg1	optimization					615:626	Final optimization	609:626	Final optimization of formula	609:637	Final optimization of formula was performed by response surface methodology using a central composite design.
26812204	12	81	theme	alternative	1621:1631	arg1	process					1531:1537	the developed process	1517:1537	the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents	1517:1601	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	12	81	theme	alternative	1621:1631	arg1	technique					1633:1641	an alternative technique	1618:1641	an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores	1618:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	3	82	theme	aspirin	395:401	arg1	pellets					384:390	Disintegrating matrix pellets	362:390	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant	362:497	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	10	83	theme	basic	1326:1330	arg1	media					1332:1336	the basic media	1322:1336	the basic media	1322:1336	The drug release from the enteric coated pellets after 30min in the basic media was ~93% when compared to ~77% from the marketed pellets.
26812204	3	84	theme	non-aqueous	431:441	arg1	granulation					443:453	a non-aqueous granulation	429:453	a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose	429:479	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	3	84	theme	non-aqueous	431:441	arg1	glycol					419:424	propylene glycol	409:424	propylene glycol	409:424	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	8	85	theme	disintegration	1106:1119	arg1	<5min					1126:1130	disintegration time <5min	1106:1130	disintegration time <5min	1106:1130	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	11	86	theme	25°C/60	1434:1440	arg1	%					1441:1441	%	1441:1441	%	1441:1441	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	0	87	theme	pellets	42:48	arg1	optimization					11:22	optimization	11:22	optimization	11:22	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	0	87	theme	pellets	42:48	arg1	Design					0:5	Design	0:5	Design	0:5	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	1	88	theme	various	301:307	arg1	tools					321:325	various statistical tools	301:325	various statistical tools	301:325	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
26812204	8	89	theme	<5min	1126:1130	arg1	terms					1097:1101	terms	1097:1101	terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1097:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	13	90	theme	optimized	1968:1976	arg1	formulation					1985:1995	the optimized pellet formulation	1964:1995	the optimized pellet formulation	1964:1995	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	3	91	theme	croscarmellose	466:479	arg1	granulation					443:453	a non-aqueous granulation	429:453	a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose	429:479	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	3	91	theme	croscarmellose	466:479	arg1	glycol					419:424	propylene glycol	409:424	propylene glycol	409:424	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	0	92	theme	MCC	53:55	arg1	pellets					42:48	disintegrating pellets	27:48	disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools	27:112	Design and optimization of disintegrating pellets of MCC by non-aqueous extrusion process using statistical tools.
26812204	8	93	theme	maximum	1133:1139	arg1	yield					1141:1145	maximum yield	1133:1145	maximum yield	1133:1145	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	6	94	theme	regression	886:895	arg1	model					897:901	the regression model	882:901	the regression model	882:901	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	3	95	theme	propylene	409:417	arg1	granulation					443:453	a non-aqueous granulation	429:453	a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose	429:479	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	3	95	theme	propylene	409:417	arg1	disintegrant					486:497	a disintegrant	484:497	a disintegrant	484:497	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	3	95	theme	propylene	409:417	arg1	glycol					419:424	propylene glycol	409:424	propylene glycol	409:424	Disintegrating matrix pellets of aspirin using propylene glycol as a non-aqueous granulation liquid and croscarmellose as a disintegrant was developed.
26812204	6	96	dep	forms	764:768	arg1	forms					764:768	the pellet dosage forms	746:768	the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield	746:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	96	dep	forms	764:768	arg1	yield					829:833	yield	829:833	yield	829:833	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	96	dep	forms	764:768	arg1	sphericity					814:823	sphericity	814:823	sphericity	814:823	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	6	96	dep	forms	764:768	arg1	time					808:811	disintegration time	793:811	disintegration time	793:811	The critical attributes of the pellet dosage forms (dependent variables); disintegration time, sphericity and yield were predicted with adequate accuracy based on the regression model.
26812204	13	97	theme	excipients	1945:1954	arg1	property					1901:1908	the rapid disintegration property	1876:1908	the rapid disintegration property	1876:1908	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	13	97	theme	excipients	1945:1954	arg1	use					1918:1920	the use	1914:1920	the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability	1914:2054	The scope of this study can be further extended to hydrophobic drugs, which may benefit from the rapid disintegration property and the use of various hydrophilic excipients used in the optimized pellet formulation to enhance dissolution and in turn improve bioavailability.
26812204	11	98	theme	release	1408:1414	arg1	stable					1451:1456	stable	1451:1456	stable	1451:1456	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	11	98	theme	release	1408:1414	arg1	pellets					1416:1422	The delayed release pellets	1396:1422	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH	1396:1444	The delayed release pellets stored at 25°C/60% RH were stable for a period of 10mo.
26812204	8	99	theme	>0.95	1159:1163	arg1	terms					1097:1101	terms	1097:1101	terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%	1097:1184	A design space was constructed to meet the desirable targets of the responses in terms of disintegration time <5min, maximum yield, sphericity >0.95 and friability <1.7%.
26812204	12	100	from	cores	1776:1780	arg1	application					1696:1706	the application	1692:1706	the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores	1692:1780	In conclusion, it can be stated that the developed process for disintegrating pellets using non-aqueous granulating agents can be used as an alternative technique for various water sensitive drugs, circumventing the application of volatile organic solvents in conventional drug layering on inert cores.
26812204	7	101	theme	contour	922:928	arg1	charts					930:935	contour charts	922:935	contour charts	922:935	Pareto charts and contour charts were studied to understand the influence of factors and predict the responses.
26812204	1	102	theme	extrusion	250:258	arg1	process					260:266	non-aqueous extrusion process	238:266	non-aqueous extrusion process	238:266	The objective of the study was to design and optimize a disintegrating pellet formulation of microcrystalline cellulose by non-aqueous extrusion process for a water sensitive drug using various statistical tools.
29017952	6	0	theme	NaAlg/PVPI	1010:1019	arg1	animals					1034:1040	the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals	1006:1040	the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals	1006:1040	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	4	1	theme	excellent	645:653	arg1	properties					669:678	the excellent wound healing properties	641:678	the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	641:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	3	2	theme	composite	477:485	arg1	material					497:504	a composite polymeric material	475:504	a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	475:572	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	4	3	theme	PVPI	744:747	arg1	properties					730:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties	698:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	698:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	3	4	theme	sodium	515:520	arg1	NaAlg					532:536	NaAlg	532:536	NaAlg	532:536	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	3	4	theme	sodium	515:520	arg1	alginate					522:529	sodium alginate	515:529	sodium alginate (NaAlg)	515:537	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	2	5	theme	marine	290:295	arg1	algae					297:301	marine algae	290:301	marine algae	290:301	Among them, alginate, a polysaccharide extracted primarily from marine algae, exhibits attractive properties being non-toxic, hydrophilic and biodegradable.
29017952	6	6	theme	wound	1072:1076	arg1	closure					1078:1084	a significantly higher wound closure	1049:1084	a significantly higher wound closure	1049:1084	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	5	7	theme	NaAlg/PVPI	818:827	arg1	films					829:833	the NaAlg/PVPI films	814:833	the NaAlg/PVPI films	814:833	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	5	7	theme	NaAlg/PVPI	818:827	arg1	able					839:842	able	839:842	able	839:842	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	7	8	theme	complete	1166:1173	arg1	closure					1181:1187	the complete wound closure	1162:1187	the complete wound closure	1162:1187	Interestingly, the complete wound closure was achieved within 12 days only in the film-treated group, indicating that the full-thickness wounds healed more rapidly in these animals.
29017952	4	9	theme	healing	661:667	arg1	properties					669:678	the excellent wound healing properties	641:678	the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	641:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	1	10	from	tendency	129:136	arg1	years					93:97	the last few years	80:97	the last few years	80:97	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	4	11	theme	developed	613:621	arg1	material					623:630	The developed material	609:630	The developed material	609:630	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	1	12	theme	natural	145:151	arg1	polymers					153:160	natural polymers	145:160	natural polymers	145:160	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	7	13	theme	wound	1175:1179	arg1	closure					1181:1187	the complete wound closure	1162:1187	the complete wound closure	1162:1187	Interestingly, the complete wound closure was achieved within 12 days only in the film-treated group, indicating that the full-thickness wounds healed more rapidly in these animals.
29017952	5	14	theme	inflammatory	858:869	arg1	response					871:878	the inflammatory response	854:878	the inflammatory response	854:878	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	5	15	theme	foreskin	894:901	arg1	fibroblasts					903:913	human foreskin fibroblasts	888:913	human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus	888:953	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	6	16	theme	higher	1065:1070	arg1	closure					1078:1084	a significantly higher wound closure	1049:1084	a significantly higher wound closure	1049:1084	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	0	17	theme	biocompatible	2:14	arg1	film					48:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film enhances wound healing.
29017952	8	18	contain	possess	1401:1407	arg1	biocompatible					1383:1395	biocompatible	1383:1395	biocompatible	1383:1395	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	8	18	contain	possess	1401:1407	arg1	films					1373:1377	the NaAlg/PVPI films	1358:1377	the NaAlg/PVPI films	1358:1377	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	8	18	contain	possess	1401:1407	arg2	properties					1417:1426	healing properties	1409:1426	healing properties that accelerate the wound closure	1409:1460	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	7	19	theme	film-treated	1229:1240	arg1	group					1242:1246	the film-treated group	1225:1246	the film-treated group	1225:1246	Interestingly, the complete wound closure was achieved within 12 days only in the film-treated group, indicating that the full-thickness wounds healed more rapidly in these animals.
29017952	1	20	theme	last	84:87	arg1	years					93:97	the last few years	80:97	the last few years	80:97	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	3	21	theme	study	399:403	arg1	aim					387:389	The aim	383:389	The aim of this study	383:403	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	1	22	theme	few	89:91	arg1	years					93:97	the last few years	80:97	the last few years	80:97	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	4	23	theme	fungicidal	719:728	arg1	properties					730:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties	698:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	698:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	0	24	theme	alginate/povidone	23:39	arg1	film					48:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film enhances wound healing.
29017952	4	25	theme	alginates	683:691	arg1	properties					669:678	the excellent wound healing properties	641:678	the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	641:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	4	26	theme	bactericidal	702:713	arg1	properties					730:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties	698:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	698:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	5	27	theme	wound	976:980	arg1	induction					982:990	wound induction	976:990	wound induction	976:990	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	6	28	theme	film-treated	1021:1032	arg1	animals					1034:1040	the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals	1006:1040	the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals	1006:1040	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	0	29	theme	sodium	16:21	arg1	film					48:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film enhances wound healing.
29017952	5	30	theme	lipopolysaccharide	921:938	arg1	stimulus					946:953	lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus	921:953	lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus	921:953	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	3	31	theme	polymeric	487:495	arg1	material					497:504	a composite polymeric material	475:504	a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	475:572	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	3	32	theme	wound	594:598	arg1	healing					600:606	wound healing	594:606	wound healing	594:606	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	4	33	theme	antiseptic	773:782	arg1	release					784:790	a controlled antiseptic release	760:790	a controlled antiseptic release	760:790	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	1	34	theme	dressings	185:193	arg1	fabrication					170:180	the fabrication	166:180	the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management	166:223	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	0	35	theme	iodine	41:46	arg1	film					48:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film	0:51	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film enhances wound healing.
29017952	3	36	theme	mouse	579:583	arg1	model					585:589	a mouse model	577:589	a mouse model of wound healing	577:606	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	3	37	theme	PVPI	560:563	arg1	complex					566:572	povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	543:572	povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	543:572	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	3	38	theme	in	429:430	arg1	biocompatibility					438:453	the in vitro biocompatibility	425:453	the in vitro biocompatibility	425:453	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	0	39	theme	wound	62:66	arg1	healing					68:74	wound healing	62:74	wound healing	62:74	A biocompatible sodium alginate/povidone iodine film enhances wound healing.
29017952	8	40	theme	wound	1448:1452	arg1	closure					1454:1460	the wound closure	1444:1460	the wound closure	1444:1460	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	3	41	theme	povidone	543:550	arg1	complex					566:572	povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	543:572	povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	543:572	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	2	42	theme	attractive	313:322	arg1	properties					324:333	attractive properties	313:333	attractive properties	313:333	Among them, alginate, a polysaccharide extracted primarily from marine algae, exhibits attractive properties being non-toxic, hydrophilic and biodegradable.
29017952	3	43	theme	iodine	552:557	arg1	complex					566:572	povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	543:572	povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	543:572	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	4	44	theme	wound	655:659	arg1	healing					661:667	wound healing	655:667	the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	641:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	4	45	with	alginates	683:691	arg1	properties					730:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties	698:739	the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI	698:747	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	6	46	dep	showed	1042:1047	arg1	compared					1086:1093	compared	1086:1093	showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered	1042:1144	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	8	47	theme	healing	1409:1415	arg1	properties					1417:1426	healing properties	1409:1426	healing properties that accelerate the wound closure	1409:1460	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	4	48	theme	controlled	762:771	arg1	release					784:790	a controlled antiseptic release	760:790	a controlled antiseptic release	760:790	The developed material combines the excellent wound healing properties of alginates with the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of PVPI, providing a controlled antiseptic release.
29017952	6	49	theme	untreated	1098:1106	arg1	animals					1108:1114	untreated animals	1098:1114	untreated animals	1098:1114	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	6	50	theme	time	1124:1127	arg1	point					1129:1133	each time point	1119:1133	each time point considered	1119:1144	Furthermore, the NaAlg/PVPI film-treated animals showed a significantly higher wound closure compared to untreated animals at each time point considered.
29017952	1	51	theme	wound	199:203	arg1	management					214:223	wound and burn management	199:223	management	214:223	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	3	52	theme	healing	600:606	arg1	model					585:589	a mouse model	577:589	a mouse model of wound healing	577:606	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	3	53	dep	in	429:430	arg1	vitro					432:436	vitro	432:436	vitro	432:436	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	5	54	theme	human	888:892	arg1	fibroblasts					903:913	human foreskin fibroblasts	888:913	human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus	888:953	We demonstrated that the NaAlg/PVPI films are able to reduce the inflammatory response both in human foreskin fibroblasts after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus and in rodents after wound induction.
29017952	7	55	theme	full-thickness	1269:1282	arg1	wounds					1284:1289	the full-thickness wounds	1265:1289	the full-thickness wounds	1265:1289	Interestingly, the complete wound closure was achieved within 12 days only in the film-treated group, indicating that the full-thickness wounds healed more rapidly in these animals.
29017952	1	56	theme	increasing	118:127	arg1	tendency					129:136	an increasing tendency	115:136	an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management	115:223	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	8	57	theme	NaAlg/PVPI	1362:1371	arg1	biocompatible					1383:1395	biocompatible	1383:1395	biocompatible	1383:1395	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	8	57	theme	NaAlg/PVPI	1362:1371	arg1	films					1373:1377	the NaAlg/PVPI films	1358:1377	the NaAlg/PVPI films	1358:1377	The results demonstrate that the NaAlg/PVPI films are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate the wound closure.
29017952	1	58	theme	burn	209:212	arg1	management					214:223	wound and burn management	199:223	management	214:223	In the last few years, there has been an increasing tendency to use natural polymers for the fabrication of dressings for wound and burn management.
29017952	3	59	theme	material	497:504	arg1	efficacy					463:470	the efficacy	459:470	the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex	459:572	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
29017952	3	59	theme	material	497:504	arg1	biocompatibility					438:453	the in vitro biocompatibility	425:453	the in vitro biocompatibility	425:453	The aim of this study was to characterize the in vitro biocompatibility and the efficacy of a composite polymeric material based on sodium alginate (NaAlg) and povidone iodine (PVPI) complex in a mouse model of wound healing.
28249783	2	0	from	rich	167:170	arg1	energy					175:180	energy	175:180	energy	175:180	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	16	1	theme	neuron	2538:2543	arg1	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	10	2	dep	animals	1480:1486	arg1	both					1453:1456	both	1453:1456	both	1453:1456	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	10	2	dep	animals	1480:1486	arg1	LF/HSD-fed					1469:1478	LF/HSD-fed	1469:1478	LF/HSD-fed	1469:1478	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	13	3	theme	protein	2026:2032	arg1	occludin					2034:2041	tight junction protein occludin	2011:2041	tight junction protein occludin	2011:2041	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	2	4	from	energy	175:180	arg1	rich					167:170	rich	167:170	rich	167:170	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	2	5	dep	rich	167:170	arg1	diet					233:236	high-fat/high-sugar diet	213:236	high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD	213:244	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	5	6	dep	microbiota	822:831	arg1	alters					863:868	alters	863:868	alters vagal gut-brain communication	863:898	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	5	6	dep	microbiota	822:831	arg1	induces					834:840	induces	834:840	induces gut inflammation	834:857	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	4	7	theme	present	589:595	arg1	study					597:601	the present study	585:601	the present study	585:601	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	10	8	theme	rRNA	1425:1428	arg1	sequencing					1430:1439	16S rRNA sequencing	1421:1439	16S rRNA sequencing	1421:1439	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	10	9	dep	both	1453:1456	arg1	HF/HSD					1458:1463	HF/HSD	1458:1463	HF/HSD	1458:1463	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	3	10	theme	detrimental	476:486	arg1	effects					488:494	the potential detrimental effects	462:494	the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health	462:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	9	11	theme	HF/HSD	1305:1310	arg1	rats					1327:1330	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats	1300:1330	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats	1300:1330	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	15	12	from	site	2333:2336	arg1	rats					2423:2426	both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2396:2426	rats	2423:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	14	13	theme	pro-inflammatory	2209:2224	arg1	product					2236:2242	a pro-inflammatory bacterial product	2207:2242	a pro-inflammatory bacterial product	2207:2242	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	14	13	theme	pro-inflammatory	2209:2224	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					2181:2198	lipopolysaccharide	2181:2198	lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	2181:2204	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	9	14	theme	LF/HSD-fed	1316:1325	arg1	rats					1327:1330	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats	1300:1330	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats	1300:1330	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	12	15	theme	liver	1880:1884	arg1	damage					1886:1891	liver damage	1880:1891	liver damage	1880:1891	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	3	16	theme	low-fat/high-sugar	501:518	arg1	LF/HSD					526:531	LF/HSD	526:531	LF/HSD	526:531	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	3	16	theme	low-fat/high-sugar	501:518	arg1	diet					520:523	a low-fat/high-sugar diet	499:523	a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD)	499:532	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	9	17	theme	body	1367:1370	arg1	weight					1372:1377	body weight	1367:1377	body weight	1367:1377	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	16	18	theme	cell	2545:2548	arg1	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	19	from	nucleus	2357:2363	arg1	rats					2423:2426	both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2396:2426	rats	2423:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	10	20	theme	gut	1498:1500	arg1	dysbiosis					1513:1521	gut microbiota dysbiosis	1498:1521	gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1498:1631	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	3	21	theme	body	537:540	arg1	fat					542:544	body fat accumulation and health	537:568	fat	542:544	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	8	22	dep	blood	1229:1233	arg1	liver					1260:1264	liver	1260:1264	liver	1260:1264	After four weeks, blood and tissues (gut, brain, liver and nodose ganglia) were sampled.
28249783	8	22	dep	blood	1229:1233	arg1	ganglia					1277:1283	nodose ganglia	1270:1283	nodose ganglia	1270:1283	After four weeks, blood and tissues (gut, brain, liver and nodose ganglia) were sampled.
28249783	8	22	dep	blood	1229:1233	arg1	brain					1253:1257	brain	1253:1257	brain	1253:1257	After four weeks, blood and tissues (gut, brain, liver and nodose ganglia) were sampled.
28249783	8	22	dep	blood	1229:1233	arg1	gut					1248:1250	gut	1248:1250	gut	1248:1250	After four weeks, blood and tissues (gut, brain, liver and nodose ganglia) were sampled.
28249783	2	23	attach	linked	250:255	arg2	Consumption					146:156	Consumption	146:156	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD)	146:245	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	2	23	attach	linked	250:255	arg1	development					264:274	the development	260:274	the development of obesity	260:285	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	4	24	theme	HF/HSD	635:640	arg1	effects					624:630	the effects	620:630	the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation	620:752	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	11	25	theme	marked	1700:1705	arg1	decrease					1707:1714	a marked decrease	1698:1714	a marked decrease in Lactobacillus spp	1698:1735	Dysbiosis was typified by a bloom in Clostridia and Bacilli and a marked decrease in Lactobacillus spp.
28249783	15	26	theme	termination	2341:2351	arg1	site					2333:2336	their site	2327:2336	their site of termination	2327:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	26	theme	termination	2341:2351	arg1	tract					2381:2385	the solitary tract	2368:2385	the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2368:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	26	theme	termination	2341:2351	arg1	nucleus					2357:2363	the nucleus	2353:2363	the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2353:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	26	theme	termination	2341:2351	arg1	termination					2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	5	27	theme	gut	842:844	arg1	inflammation					846:857	gut inflammation	842:857	gut inflammation	842:857	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	4	28	theme	LF/HSD	646:651	arg1	effects					624:630	the effects	620:630	the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation	620:752	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	17	29	theme	vagal	2746:2750	arg1	communication					2762:2774	vagal gut-brain communication	2746:2774	vagal gut-brain communication	2746:2774	Taken together, these data indicate that, similar to HF/HSD, consumption of an LF/HSD induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increases gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication.
28249783	12	30	from	Proteobacteria	1818:1831	arg1	abundances					1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	10	31	theme	bacterial	1563:1571	arg1	diversity					1573:1581	bacterial diversity	1563:1581	bacterial diversity	1563:1581	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	5	32	theme	gut	818:820	arg1	microbiota					822:831	the gut microbiota	814:831	the gut microbiota	814:831	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	6	33	theme	Sprague-Dawley	950:963	arg1	rats					965:968	Sprague-Dawley rats	950:968	Sprague-Dawley rats	950:968	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	14	34	theme	serum	2165:2169	arg1	levels					2171:2176	serum levels	2165:2176	serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product	2165:2242	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	7	35	theme	fecal	1127:1131	arg1	samples					1133:1139	fecal samples	1127:1139	fecal samples	1127:1139	Body weight, caloric intake, and body composition were monitored daily and fecal samples were collected at baseline, 1, 6 and 27days after the dietary switch.
28249783	15	36	theme	vagal	2291:2295	arg1	afferents					2297:2305	vagal afferents	2291:2305	vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2291:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	17	37	theme	gut-brain	2752:2760	arg1	communication					2762:2774	vagal gut-brain communication	2746:2774	vagal gut-brain communication	2746:2774	Taken together, these data indicate that, similar to HF/HSD, consumption of an LF/HSD induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increases gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication.
28249783	4	38	theme	gut-brain	698:706	arg1	communication					714:726	gut-brain vagal communication	698:726	gut-brain vagal communication	698:726	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	17	39	theme	gut	2718:2720	arg1	inflammation					2722:2733	gut inflammation	2718:2733	gut inflammation	2718:2733	Taken together, these data indicate that, similar to HF/HSD, consumption of an LF/HSD induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increases gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication.
28249783	1	40	from	issues	117:122	arg1	States					138:143	the United States	127:143	the United States	127:143	Obesity is one of the major health issues in the United States.
28249783	5	41	theme	increased	917:925	arg1	fat					932:934	increased body fat	917:934	increased body fat accumulation	917:947	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	6	42	theme	low-fat/low-sugar	1008:1024	arg1	LF/LSD					1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	6	42	theme	low-fat/low-sugar	1008:1024	arg1	diet					1026:1029	an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet	979:1029	diet	1026:1029	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	4	43	theme	microbiota	656:665	arg1	composition					667:677	microbiota composition	656:677	microbiota composition	656:677	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	3	44	from	health	563:568	arg1	investigation					445:457	investigation	445:457	investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health	445:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	0	45	theme	Diet-driven	0:10	arg1	dysbiosis					23:31	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis	0:31	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis	0:31	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis is associated with vagal remodeling and obesity.
28249783	5	46	theme	vagal	870:874	arg1	communication					886:898	vagal gut-brain communication	870:898	vagal gut-brain communication	870:898	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	2	47	dep	popular	293:299	arg1	dietary					301:307	dietary	301:307	dietary	301:307	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	3	48	theme	fat	408:410	arg1	diets					412:416	low and high fat diets	395:416	low and high fat diets	395:416	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	7	49	theme	body	1085:1088	arg1	composition					1090:1100	body composition	1085:1100	body composition	1085:1100	Body weight, caloric intake, and body composition were monitored daily and fecal samples were collected at baseline, 1, 6 and 27days after the dietary switch.
28249783	18	50	theme	fat	2831:2833	arg1	accumulation					2835:2846	body fat accumulation	2826:2846	body fat accumulation	2826:2846	These changes are associated with an increase in body fat accumulation.
28249783	16	51	theme	HF/HSD	2561:2566	arg1	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	2	52	theme	diets	161:165	arg1	Consumption					146:156	Consumption	146:156	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD)	146:245	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	12	53	theme	specific	1766:1773	arg1	increase					1775:1782	a specific increase	1764:1782	a specific increase	1764:1782	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	7	54	theme	dietary	1195:1201	arg1	switch					1203:1208	the dietary switch	1191:1208	the dietary switch	1191:1208	Body weight, caloric intake, and body composition were monitored daily and fecal samples were collected at baseline, 1, 6 and 27days after the dietary switch.
28249783	15	55	from	gut	2316:2318	arg1	site					2333:2336	their site	2327:2336	their site of termination	2327:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	55	from	gut	2316:2318	arg1	tract					2381:2385	the solitary tract	2368:2385	the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2368:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	55	from	gut	2316:2318	arg1	nucleus					2357:2363	the nucleus	2353:2363	the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2353:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	55	from	gut	2316:2318	arg1	termination					2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	17	56	theme	LF/HSD	2664:2669	arg1	consumption					2646:2656	consumption	2646:2656	consumption of an LF/HSD	2646:2669	Taken together, these data indicate that, similar to HF/HSD, consumption of an LF/HSD induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increases gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication.
28249783	13	57	theme	cytokines	1925:1933	arg1	Expression					1894:1903	Expression	1894:1903	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα,	1894:1964	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	2	58	theme	popular	293:299	arg1	approach					309:316	a popular dietary approach	291:316	a popular dietary approach for weight loss	291:332	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	7	59	theme	caloric	1065:1071	arg1	intake					1073:1078	caloric intake	1065:1078	caloric intake	1065:1078	Body weight, caloric intake, and body composition were monitored daily and fecal samples were collected at baseline, 1, 6 and 27days after the dietary switch.
28249783	13	60	theme	fed	2088:2090	arg1	rats					2092:2095	both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats	2065:2095	both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats	2065:2095	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	12	61	theme	LF/HSD-fed	1738:1747	arg1	animals					1749:1755	LF/HSD-fed animals	1738:1755	LF/HSD-fed animals	1738:1755	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	5	62	theme	fat	932:934	arg1	accumulation					936:947	increased body fat accumulation	917:947	increased body fat accumulation	917:947	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	10	63	from	decrease	1551:1558	arg1	diversity					1573:1581	bacterial diversity	1563:1581	bacterial diversity	1563:1581	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	10	63	from	decrease	1551:1558	arg1	ratio					1627:1631	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1602:1631	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1602:1631	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	1	64	theme	United	131:136	arg1	States					138:143	the United States	127:143	the United States	127:143	Obesity is one of the major health issues in the United States.
28249783	10	65	theme	16S	1421:1423	arg1	sequencing					1430:1439	16S rRNA sequencing	1421:1439	16S rRNA sequencing	1421:1439	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	10	66	theme	overall	1543:1549	arg1	decrease					1551:1558	an overall decrease	1540:1558	an overall decrease in bacterial diversity	1540:1581	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	4	67	theme	body	732:735	arg1	accumulation					741:752	body fat accumulation	732:752	body fat accumulation	732:752	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	2	68	theme	weight	322:327	arg1	loss					329:332	weight loss	322:332	weight loss	322:332	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	7	69	theme	Body	1052:1055	arg1	weight					1057:1062	Body weight	1052:1062	Body weight	1052:1062	Body weight, caloric intake, and body composition were monitored daily and fecal samples were collected at baseline, 1, 6 and 27days after the dietary switch.
28249783	10	70	theme	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes	1602:1625	arg1	ratio					1627:1631	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1602:1631	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1602:1631	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	15	71	theme	LF/HSD	2416:2421	arg1	rats					2423:2426	both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2396:2426	rats	2423:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	13	72	theme	junction	2017:2024	arg1	occludin					2034:2041	tight junction protein occludin	2011:2041	tight junction protein occludin	2011:2041	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	11	73	from	decrease	1707:1714	arg1	spp					1733:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Dysbiosis was typified by a bloom in Clostridia and Bacilli and a marked decrease in Lactobacillus spp.
28249783	16	74	theme	afferent	2529:2536	arg1	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	3	75	theme	high	403:406	arg1	diets					412:416	low and high fat diets	395:416	low and high fat diets	395:416	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	3	76	from	investigation	445:457	arg1	fat					542:544	body fat accumulation and health	537:568	fat	542:544	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	3	76	from	investigation	445:457	arg1	health					563:568	health	563:568	health	563:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	3	77	theme	effects	488:494	arg1	investigation					445:457	investigation	445:457	investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health	445:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	15	78	theme	HF/HSD	2405:2410	arg1	rats					2423:2426	both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2396:2426	rats	2423:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	13	79	theme	occludin	2034:2041	arg1	levels					2001:2006	levels	2001:2006	levels of tight junction protein occludin	2001:2041	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	10	80	from	increase	1590:1597	arg1	diversity					1573:1581	bacterial diversity	1563:1581	bacterial diversity	1563:1581	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	10	80	from	increase	1590:1597	arg1	ratio					1627:1631	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1602:1631	Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1602:1631	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	16	81	contain	contain	2511:2517	arg1	ganglia					2496:2502	the nodose ganglia	2485:2502	the nodose ganglia	2485:2502	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	16	81	contain	contain	2511:2517	arg2	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	3	82	theme	potential	466:474	arg1	effects					488:494	the potential detrimental effects	462:494	the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health	462:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	0	83	theme	vagal	52:56	arg1	remodeling					58:67	vagal remodeling	52:67	vagal remodeling	52:67	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis is associated with vagal remodeling and obesity.
28249783	11	84	from	Bacilli	1686:1692	arg1	spp					1733:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Dysbiosis was typified by a bloom in Clostridia and Bacilli and a marked decrease in Lactobacillus spp.
28249783	14	85	theme	bacterial	2226:2234	arg1	product					2236:2242	a pro-inflammatory bacterial product	2207:2242	a pro-inflammatory bacterial product	2207:2242	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	14	85	theme	bacterial	2226:2234	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					2181:2198	lipopolysaccharide	2181:2198	lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	2181:2204	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	3	86	theme	diet	520:523	arg1	effects					488:494	the potential detrimental effects	462:494	the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health	462:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	12	87	from	increase	1775:1782	arg1	Bilophila					1802:1810	Bilophila	1802:1810	Bilophila	1802:1810	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	12	87	from	increase	1775:1782	arg1	Proteobacteria					1818:1831	Proteobacteria	1818:1831	Proteobacteria	1818:1831	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	12	87	from	increase	1775:1782	arg1	Sutterella					1787:1796	Sutterella	1787:1796	Sutterella	1787:1796	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	2	88	dep	diet	233:236	arg1	HF/HSD					239:244	HF/HSD	239:244	high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD	213:244	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	12	89	dep	Sutterella	1787:1796	arg1	both					1813:1816	both	1813:1816	both	1813:1816	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	3	90	dep	fat	542:544	arg1	accumulation					546:557	accumulation	546:557	accumulation	546:557	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	16	91	theme	microglia	2461:2469	arg1	activation					2471:2480	significant microglia activation	2449:2480	significant microglia activation	2449:2480	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	17	92	theme	gut	2692:2694	arg1	microbiota					2696:2705	gut microbiota	2692:2705	gut microbiota	2692:2705	Taken together, these data indicate that, similar to HF/HSD, consumption of an LF/HSD induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increases gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication.
28249783	10	93	theme	microbiota	1502:1511	arg1	dysbiosis					1513:1521	gut microbiota dysbiosis	1498:1521	gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio	1498:1631	16S rRNA sequencing showed that both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed animals exhibited gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio.
28249783	16	94	dep	HF/HSD	2561:2566	arg1	rats					2579:2582	rats	2579:2582	rats	2579:2582	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	9	95	theme	significant	1342:1352	arg1	increases					1354:1362	significant increases	1342:1362	significant increases in body weight and body fat	1342:1390	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	11	96	from	Clostridia	1671:1680	arg1	spp					1733:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Dysbiosis was typified by a bloom in Clostridia and Bacilli and a marked decrease in Lactobacillus spp.
28249783	11	97	theme	Lactobacillus	1719:1731	arg1	spp					1733:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Lactobacillus spp	1719:1735	Dysbiosis was typified by a bloom in Clostridia and Bacilli and a marked decrease in Lactobacillus spp.
28249783	13	98	theme	tight	2011:2015	arg1	occludin					2034:2041	tight junction protein occludin	2011:2041	tight junction protein occludin	2011:2041	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	1	99	theme	major	104:108	arg1	issues					117:122	the major health issues	100:122	the major health issues in the United States	100:143	Obesity is one of the major health issues in the United States.
28249783	16	100	theme	nodose	2489:2494	arg1	ganglia					2496:2502	the nodose ganglia	2485:2502	the nodose ganglia	2485:2502	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	1	101	theme	issues	117:122	arg1	issues					117:122	the major health issues	100:122	the major health issues in the United States	100:143	Obesity is one of the major health issues in the United States.
28249783	1	101	theme	issues	117:122	arg1	one					93:95	one	93:95	one	93:95	Obesity is one of the major health issues in the United States.
28249783	15	102	from	tract	2381:2385	arg1	rats					2423:2426	both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2396:2426	rats	2423:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	103	from	rats	2423:2426	arg1	site					2333:2336	their site	2327:2336	their site of termination	2327:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	103	from	rats	2423:2426	arg1	tract					2381:2385	the solitary tract	2368:2385	the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2368:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	103	from	rats	2423:2426	arg1	nucleus					2357:2363	the nucleus	2353:2363	the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2353:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	103	from	rats	2423:2426	arg1	termination					2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	2	104	theme	high-fat/high-sugar	213:231	arg1	diet					233:236	high-fat/high-sugar diet	213:236	high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD	213:244	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	9	105	theme	body	1383:1386	arg1	fat					1388:1390	body fat	1383:1390	body fat	1383:1390	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	1	106	theme	health	110:115	arg1	issues					117:122	the major health issues	100:122	the major health issues in the United States	100:143	Obesity is one of the major health issues in the United States.
28249783	14	107	theme	lipopolysaccharide	2181:2198	arg1	levels					2171:2176	serum levels	2165:2176	serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product	2165:2242	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	14	107	theme	lipopolysaccharide	2181:2198	arg1	increase					2143:2150	an increase	2140:2150	an increase in cecum	2140:2159	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	12	108	from	Bilophila	1802:1810	arg1	abundances					1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	3	109	from	effects	488:494	arg1	fat					542:544	body fat accumulation and health	537:568	fat	542:544	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	3	109	from	effects	488:494	arg1	health					563:568	health	563:568	health	563:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	9	110	theme	LF/LSD-fed	1404:1413	arg1	rats					1415:1418	LF/LSD-fed rats	1404:1418	LF/LSD-fed rats	1404:1418	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	12	111	from	Sutterella	1787:1796	arg1	abundances					1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	4	112	theme	gut	680:682	arg1	inflammation					684:695	gut inflammation	680:695	gut inflammation	680:695	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	3	113	from	fat	542:544	arg1	investigation					445:457	investigation	445:457	investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health	445:568	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	15	114	theme	afferents	2297:2305	arg1	withdrawal					2277:2286	the withdrawal	2273:2286	the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2273:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	3	115	theme	low	395:397	arg1	diets					412:416	low and high fat diets	395:416	low and high fat diets	395:416	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	0	116	theme	microbiota	12:21	arg1	dysbiosis					23:31	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis	0:31	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis	0:31	Diet-driven microbiota dysbiosis is associated with vagal remodeling and obesity.
28249783	16	117	theme	significant	2449:2459	arg1	activation					2471:2480	significant microglia activation	2449:2480	significant microglia activation	2449:2480	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	14	118	theme	LF/HSD-fed	2109:2118	arg1	rats					2120:2123	LF/HSD-fed rats	2109:2123	LF/HSD-fed rats	2109:2123	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	6	119	theme	control	1000:1006	arg1	LF/LSD					1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	6	119	theme	control	1000:1006	arg1	diet					1026:1029	an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet	979:1029	diet	1026:1029	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	15	120	theme	solitary	2372:2379	arg1	tract					2381:2385	the solitary tract	2368:2385	the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2368:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	120	theme	solitary	2372:2379	arg1	NTS					2388:2390	NTS	2388:2390	NTS	2388:2390	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	5	121	theme	gut-brain	876:884	arg1	communication					886:898	vagal gut-brain communication	870:898	vagal gut-brain communication	870:898	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	6	122	theme	LF/HSD	990:995	arg1	LF/LSD					1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	6	122	theme	LF/HSD	990:995	arg1	diet					1026:1029	an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet	979:1029	diet	1026:1029	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	2	123	theme	rich	167:170	arg1	diets					161:165	diets	161:165	diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD)	161:245	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	16	124	theme	vagal	2523:2527	arg1	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	18	125	theme	body	2826:2829	arg1	accumulation					2835:2846	body fat accumulation	2826:2846	body fat accumulation	2826:2846	These changes are associated with an increase in body fat accumulation.
28249783	12	126	theme	increase	1775:1782	arg1	abundances					1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	abundances	1834:1843	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	6	127	theme	HF/HSD	982:987	arg1	LF/LSD					1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	LF/LSD	1032:1037	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	6	127	theme	HF/HSD	982:987	arg1	diet					1026:1029	an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet	979:1029	diet	1026:1029	Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF/HSD, LF/HSD or control low-fat/low-sugar diet (LF/LSD) for 4weeks.
28249783	3	128	theme	Obesity	359:365	arg1	research					367:374	Obesity research	359:374	Obesity research	359:374	Obesity research traditionally uses low and high fat diets and there has been limited investigation of the potential detrimental effects of a low-fat/high-sugar diet (LF/HSD) on body fat accumulation and health.
28249783	4	129	theme	fat	737:739	arg1	accumulation					741:752	body fat accumulation	732:752	body fat accumulation	732:752	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	13	130	theme	pro-inflammatory	1908:1923	arg1	cytokines					1925:1933	pro-inflammatory cytokines	1908:1933	pro-inflammatory cytokines	1908:1933	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	13	130	theme	pro-inflammatory	1908:1923	arg1	IL-1β					1950:1954	IL-1β	1950:1954	IL-1β	1950:1954	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	13	130	theme	pro-inflammatory	1908:1923	arg1	IL-6					1944:1947	IL-6	1944:1947	IL-6	1944:1947	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	13	130	theme	pro-inflammatory	1908:1923	arg1	TNFα					1960:1963	TNFα	1960:1963	TNFα	1960:1963	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	2	131	theme	fat	347:349	arg1	intake					351:356	fat intake	347:356	fat intake	347:356	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	13	132	theme	LF/HSD	2081:2086	arg1	rats					2092:2095	both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats	2065:2095	both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats	2065:2095	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
28249783	16	133	theme	LF/HSD	2572:2577	arg1	bodies					2550:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies	2519:2555	Moreover, there was significant microglia activation in the nodose ganglia, which contain the vagal afferent neuron cell bodies, of HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	9	134	from	increases	1354:1362	arg1	weight					1372:1377	body weight	1367:1377	body weight	1367:1377	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	9	134	from	increases	1354:1362	arg1	fat					1388:1390	body fat	1383:1390	body fat	1383:1390	Both HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats displayed significant increases in body weight and body fat compared to LF/LSD-fed rats.
28249783	8	135	theme	nodose	1270:1275	arg1	ganglia					1277:1283	nodose ganglia	1270:1283	nodose ganglia	1270:1283	After four weeks, blood and tissues (gut, brain, liver and nodose ganglia) were sampled.
28249783	15	136	theme	tract	2381:2385	arg1	site					2333:2336	their site	2327:2336	their site of termination	2327:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	136	theme	tract	2381:2385	arg1	tract					2381:2385	the solitary tract	2368:2385	the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2368:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	136	theme	tract	2381:2385	arg1	nucleus					2357:2363	the nucleus	2353:2363	the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats	2353:2426	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	15	136	theme	tract	2381:2385	arg1	termination					2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	termination	2341:2351	Immunofluorescence revealed the withdrawal of vagal afferents from the gut and at their site of termination the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in both the HF/HSD and LF/HSD rats.
28249783	5	137	theme	body	927:930	arg1	fat					932:934	increased body fat	917:934	increased body fat accumulation	917:947	Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that LF/HSD changes the gut microbiota, induces gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication, associated with increased body fat accumulation.
28249783	18	138	from	increase	2814:2821	arg1	accumulation					2835:2846	body fat accumulation	2826:2846	body fat accumulation	2826:2846	These changes are associated with an increase in body fat accumulation.
28249783	4	139	theme	vagal	708:712	arg1	communication					714:726	gut-brain vagal communication	698:726	gut-brain vagal communication	698:726	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	2	140	theme	obesity	279:285	arg1	development					264:274	the development	260:274	the development of obesity	260:285	Consumption of diets rich in energy, notably from fats and sugars (high-fat/high-sugar diet: HF/HSD) is linked to the development of obesity and a popular dietary approach for weight loss is to reduce fat intake.
28249783	12	141	from	abundances	1834:1843	arg1	Bilophila					1802:1810	Bilophila	1802:1810	Bilophila	1802:1810	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	12	141	from	abundances	1834:1843	arg1	Proteobacteria					1818:1831	Proteobacteria	1818:1831	Proteobacteria	1818:1831	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	12	141	from	abundances	1834:1843	arg1	Sutterella					1787:1796	Sutterella	1787:1796	Sutterella	1787:1796	LF/HSD-fed animals showed a specific increase in Sutterella and Bilophila, both Proteobacteria, abundances of which have been associated with liver damage.
28249783	14	142	from	levels	2171:2176	arg1	cecum					2155:2159	cecum	2155:2159	cecum	2155:2159	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	14	143	from	increase	2143:2150	arg1	cecum					2155:2159	cecum	2155:2159	cecum	2155:2159	HF/HSD and LF/HSD-fed rats also exhibited an increase in cecum and serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory bacterial product.
28249783	17	144	theme	microbiota	2696:2705	arg1	dysbiosis					2679:2687	dysbiosis	2679:2687	dysbiosis of gut microbiota	2679:2705	Taken together, these data indicate that, similar to HF/HSD, consumption of an LF/HSD induces dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increases gut inflammation and alters vagal gut-brain communication.
28249783	4	145	from	effects	624:630	arg1	composition					667:677	microbiota composition	656:677	microbiota composition	656:677	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	4	145	from	effects	624:630	arg1	inflammation					684:695	gut inflammation	680:695	gut inflammation	680:695	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	4	145	from	effects	624:630	arg1	communication					714:726	gut-brain vagal communication	698:726	gut-brain vagal communication	698:726	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	4	145	from	effects	624:630	arg1	accumulation					741:752	body fat accumulation	732:752	body fat accumulation	732:752	Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of HF/HSD and LF/HSD on microbiota composition, gut inflammation, gut-brain vagal communication and body fat accumulation.
28249783	13	146	theme	HF/HSD	2070:2075	arg1	rats					2092:2095	both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats	2065:2095	both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats	2065:2095	Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα, was upregulated in the cecum while levels of tight junction protein occludin were downregulated in both HF/HSD and LF/HSD fed rats.
27086294	5	0	from	growth	1378:1383	arg1	dimensions					1457:1466	nanoscale dimensions	1447:1466	nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1447:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	1	dep	distribution	1482:1493	arg1	a					1473:1473	a	1473:1473	a	1473:1473	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	7	2	theme	membranes	1774:1782	arg1	analysis					1744:1751	the X-ray micro-CT analysis	1725:1751	the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes	1725:1782	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	9	3	theme	differentiation	2117:2131	arg1	tests					2133:2137	osteogenic differentiation tests	2106:2137	osteogenic differentiation tests	2106:2137	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	5	4	theme	colloidal	1389:1397	arg1	stabilization					1399:1411	colloidal stabilization	1389:1411	colloidal stabilization	1389:1411	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	2	5	theme	present	293:299	arg1	study					301:305	the present study	289:305	the present study	289:305	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	3	6	theme	tomography	1027:1036	arg1	μCT					1048:1050	μCT	1048:1050	μCT	1048:1050	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	6	theme	tomography	1027:1036	arg1	analysis					1038:1045	X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis	1006:1045	X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT)	1006:1051	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	5	7	theme	particles	1434:1442	arg1	nucleation					1366:1375	nucleation	1366:1375	nucleation	1366:1375	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	7	theme	particles	1434:1442	arg1	growth					1378:1383	growth	1378:1383	growth	1378:1383	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	7	theme	particles	1434:1442	arg1	stabilization					1399:1411	colloidal stabilization	1389:1411	colloidal stabilization	1389:1411	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	7	8	theme	X-ray	1729:1733	arg1	analysis					1744:1751	the X-ray micro-CT analysis	1725:1751	the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes	1725:1782	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	3	9	theme	scanning	745:752	arg1	microscopy					763:772	scanning electron microscopy	745:772	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	745:778	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	9	theme	scanning	745:752	arg1	SEM					775:777	SEM	775:777	SEM	775:777	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	2	10	theme	solvent	546:552	arg1	casting					554:560	solvent casting and evaporation methods	546:584	casting	554:560	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	4	11	theme	viability	1089:1097	arg1	tests					1099:1103	cytotoxicity and cell viability tests	1067:1103	cytotoxicity and cell viability tests	1067:1103	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	8	12	theme	in	1906:1907	arg1	bioassays					1915:1923	the in vitro bioassays	1902:1923	the in vitro bioassays	1902:1923	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	6	13	theme	XRD	1566:1568	arg1	results					1570:1576	the XRD results	1562:1576	the XRD results	1562:1576	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	1	14	theme	novel	231:235	arg1	solutions					237:245	novel solutions	231:245	novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair	231:283	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	2	15	theme	room	589:592	arg1	temperature					594:604	room temperature	589:604	room temperature	589:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	6	16	theme	phosphate	1652:1660	arg1	phase					1662:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase	1628:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route	1628:1709	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	6	16	theme	phosphate	1652:1660	arg1	hydroxyapatite					1603:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite	1593:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA)	1593:1622	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	9	17	theme	human	2207:2211	arg1	marrow					2218:2223	human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2207:2373	marrow	2218:2223	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	6	18	theme	predominant	1632:1642	arg1	phase					1662:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase	1628:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route	1628:1709	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	6	18	theme	predominant	1632:1642	arg1	hydroxyapatite					1603:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite	1593:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA)	1593:1622	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	4	19	theme	4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl	1151:1173	arg1	bromide					1201:1207	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide	1148:1207	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	19	theme	4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl	1151:1173	arg1	MTT					1210:1212	MTT	1210:1212	MTT	1210:1212	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	20	theme	cell	1129:1132	arg1	lines					1134:1138	three cell lines	1123:1138	three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays	1123:1287	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	3	21	theme	electron	794:801	arg1	TEM					815:817	TEM	815:817	TEM	815:817	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	21	theme	electron	794:801	arg1	microscopy					803:812	transmission electron microscopy	781:812	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	781:818	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	5	22	dep	nucleation	1366:1375	arg1	the					1362:1364	the	1362:1364	the	1362:1364	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	2	23	theme	chemical	492:499	arg1	process					511:517	an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process	476:517	an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	476:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	3	24	theme	energy-dispersive	821:837	arg1	EDX					859:861	EDX	859:861	EDX	859:861	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	24	theme	energy-dispersive	821:837	arg1	spectroscopy					845:856	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	821:856	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)	821:862	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	8	25	theme	adequate	1954:1961	arg1	response					1978:1985	an adequate cell viability response	1951:1985	an adequate cell viability response	1951:1985	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	8	26	theme	viability	1968:1976	arg1	response					1978:1985	an adequate cell viability response	1951:1985	an adequate cell viability response	1951:1985	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	2	27	theme	water	522:526	arg1	media					528:532	water media	522:532	water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	522:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	6	28	theme	processing	1694:1703	arg1	route					1705:1709	the colloidal processing route	1680:1709	the colloidal processing route	1680:1709	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	1	29	from	research	139:146	arg1	nanomaterials					164:176	biocomposite nanomaterials	151:176	biocomposite nanomaterials	151:176	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	3	30	theme	fluorescence	893:904	arg1	spectroscopy					906:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	8	31	theme	cell	2060:2063	arg1	HEK293T					2072:2078	HEK293T	2072:2078	HEK293T	2072:2078	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	8	31	theme	cell	2060:2063	arg1	lines					2065:2069	embryonic cell lines	2050:2069	embryonic cell lines (HEK293T)	2050:2079	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	5	32	theme	phosphate	1424:1432	arg1	particles					1434:1442	calcium phosphate particles	1416:1442	calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1416:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	4	33	theme	2,5-diphenyl	1176:1187	arg1	bromide					1201:1207	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide	1148:1207	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	33	theme	2,5-diphenyl	1176:1187	arg1	MTT					1210:1212	MTT	1210:1212	MTT	1210:1212	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	2	34	dep	design	327:332	arg1	the					323:325	the	323:325	the	323:325	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	2	35	theme	chitosan	381:388	arg1	matrices					400:407	glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices	374:407	glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	374:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	3	36	theme	X-ray	929:933	arg1	diffraction					935:945	X-ray diffraction	929:945	X-ray diffraction	929:945	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	5	37	theme	average	1499:1505	arg1	size					1507:1510	average size	1499:1510	average size	1499:1510	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	4	38	theme	bromide	1201:1207	arg1	assay					1215:1219	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	38	theme	bromide	1201:1207	arg1	test					1261:1264	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	1	39	theme	few	126:128	arg1	decades					130:136	the last few decades	117:136	the last few decades	117:136	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	1	40	theme	biocomposite	151:162	arg1	nanomaterials					164:176	biocomposite nanomaterials	151:176	biocomposite nanomaterials	151:176	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	3	41	theme	components	659:668	arg1	morphology					622:631	morphology	622:631	morphology	622:631	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	41	theme	components	659:668	arg1	crystallinity					638:650	crystallinity	638:650	crystallinity	638:650	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	41	theme	components	659:668	arg1	structure					611:619	The structure	607:619	The structure	607:619	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	0	42	theme	potential	53:61	arg1	engineering					75:85	potential bone tissue engineering	53:85	potential bone tissue engineering	53:85	Glycol chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite biocomposites for potential bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27086294	9	43	dep	marrow	2218:2223	arg1	HBMS					2249:2252	HBMS	2249:2252	HBMS	2249:2252	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	9	43	dep	marrow	2218:2223	arg1	cells					2242:2246	mesenchymal stem cells	2225:2246	mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS)	2225:2253	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	9	44	theme	stem	2237:2240	arg1	HBMS					2249:2252	HBMS	2249:2252	HBMS	2249:2252	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	9	44	theme	stem	2237:2240	arg1	cells					2242:2246	mesenchymal stem cells	2225:2246	mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS)	2225:2253	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	4	45	theme	activity	1252:1259	arg1	assay					1215:1219	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	45	theme	activity	1252:1259	arg1	test					1261:1264	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	9	46	theme	tissue	2303:2308	arg1	engineering					2310:2320	tissue engineering	2303:2320	tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2303:2373	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	0	47	theme	tissue	68:73	arg1	engineering					75:85	potential bone tissue engineering	53:85	potential bone tissue engineering	53:85	Glycol chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite biocomposites for potential bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27086294	3	48	theme	micro-computed	1012:1025	arg1	μCT					1048:1050	μCT	1048:1050	μCT	1048:1050	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	48	theme	micro-computed	1012:1025	arg1	analysis					1038:1045	X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis	1006:1045	X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT)	1006:1051	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	7	49	theme	glycol-chitosan	1845:1859	arg1	matrix					1871:1876	the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix	1841:1876	the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix	1841:1876	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	7	50	theme	nHA	1796:1798	arg1	particles					1800:1808	nHA particles	1796:1808	nHA particles	1796:1808	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	4	51	theme	cytotoxicity	1067:1078	arg1	tests					1099:1103	cytotoxicity and cell viability tests	1067:1103	cytotoxicity and cell viability tests	1067:1103	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	52	theme	phosphatase	1234:1244	arg1	assay					1215:1219	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	52	theme	phosphatase	1234:1244	arg1	test					1261:1264	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	3	53	theme	dispersive	876:885	arg1	spectroscopy					906:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	1	54	theme	bone	250:253	arg1	engineering					262:272	bone tissue engineering	250:272	bone tissue engineering	250:272	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	5	55	from	stabilization	1399:1411	arg1	dimensions					1457:1466	nanoscale dimensions	1447:1466	nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1447:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	2	56	theme	biocomposites	351:363	arg1	synthesis					338:346	synthesis	338:346	synthesis	338:346	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	2	56	theme	biocomposites	351:363	arg1	design					327:332	design	327:332	design	327:332	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	7	57	theme	nanocomposite	1760:1772	arg1	membranes					1774:1782	the nanocomposite membranes	1756:1782	the nanocomposite membranes	1756:1782	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	9	58	theme	osteogenic	2106:2115	arg1	tests					2133:2137	osteogenic differentiation tests	2106:2137	osteogenic differentiation tests	2106:2137	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	9	59	theme	tests	2133:2137	arg1	results					2095:2101	the results	2091:2101	the results of osteogenic differentiation tests	2091:2137	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	7	60	theme	micro-CT	1735:1742	arg1	analysis					1744:1751	the X-ray micro-CT analysis	1725:1751	the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes	1725:1782	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	4	61	theme	LIVE/DEAD®	1271:1280	arg1	assays					1282:1287	LIVE/DEAD® assays	1271:1287	LIVE/DEAD® assays	1271:1287	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	62	theme	cell	1084:1087	arg1	viability					1089:1097	cell viability	1084:1097	cell viability	1084:1097	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	9	63	theme	nHA/GLY-CHI	2161:2171	arg1	composites					2173:2182	the nHA/GLY-CHI composites	2157:2182	the nHA/GLY-CHI composites	2157:2182	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	9	63	theme	nHA/GLY-CHI	2161:2171	arg1	osteoinductive					2188:2201	osteoinductive	2188:2201	osteoinductive	2188:2201	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	1	64	theme	global	213:218	arg1	demand					220:225	the global demand	209:225	the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair	209:283	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	9	65	dep	bone	2329:2332	arg1	e.g.					2323:2326	e.g.	2323:2326	e.g.	2323:2326	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	3	66	theme	electron	754:761	arg1	microscopy					763:772	scanning electron microscopy	745:772	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	745:778	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	66	theme	electron	754:761	arg1	SEM					775:777	SEM	775:777	SEM	775:777	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	5	67	from	dimensions	1457:1466	arg1	nucleation					1366:1375	nucleation	1366:1375	nucleation	1366:1375	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	67	from	dimensions	1457:1466	arg1	particles					1434:1442	calcium phosphate particles	1416:1442	calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1416:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	67	from	dimensions	1457:1466	arg1	growth					1378:1383	growth	1378:1383	growth	1378:1383	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	67	from	dimensions	1457:1466	arg1	stabilization					1399:1411	colloidal stabilization	1389:1411	colloidal stabilization	1389:1411	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	2	68	from	process	511:517	arg1	media					528:532	water media	522:532	water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	522:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	3	69	theme	transmission	781:792	arg1	TEM					815:817	TEM	815:817	TEM	815:817	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	69	theme	transmission	781:792	arg1	microscopy					803:812	transmission electron microscopy	781:812	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	781:818	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	6	70	theme	calcium	1644:1650	arg1	phase					1662:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase	1628:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route	1628:1709	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	6	70	theme	calcium	1644:1650	arg1	hydroxyapatite					1603:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite	1593:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA)	1593:1622	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	3	71	theme	X-ray	1006:1010	arg1	μCT					1048:1050	μCT	1048:1050	μCT	1048:1050	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	71	theme	X-ray	1006:1010	arg1	analysis					1038:1045	X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis	1006:1045	X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT)	1006:1051	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	1	72	from	solutions	237:245	arg1	repair					278:283	repair	278:283	repair	278:283	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	1	72	from	solutions	237:245	arg1	engineering					262:272	bone tissue engineering	250:272	bone tissue engineering	250:272	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	2	73	theme	evaporation	566:576	arg1	methods					578:584	solvent casting and evaporation methods	546:584	methods	578:584	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	9	74	theme	mesenchymal	2225:2235	arg1	HBMS					2249:2252	HBMS	2249:2252	HBMS	2249:2252	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	9	74	theme	mesenchymal	2225:2235	arg1	cells					2242:2246	mesenchymal stem cells	2225:2246	mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS)	2225:2253	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	0	75	theme	regenerative	91:102	arg1	medicine					104:111	regenerative medicine	91:111	regenerative medicine	91:111	Glycol chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite biocomposites for potential bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27086294	6	76	theme	FTIR	1528:1531	arg1	spectroscopy					1533:1544	The FTIR spectroscopy	1524:1544	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results	1524:1576	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	5	77	with	dimensions	1457:1466	arg1	distribution					1482:1493	narrow distribution	1475:1493	narrow distribution	1475:1493	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	77	with	dimensions	1457:1466	arg1	size					1507:1510	average size	1499:1510	average size	1499:1510	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	2	78	theme	colloidal	501:509	arg1	process					511:517	an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process	476:517	an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	476:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	9	79	theme	bone	2213:2216	arg1	marrow					2218:2223	human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2207:2373	marrow	2218:2223	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	8	80	theme	cell	1963:1966	arg1	response					1978:1985	an adequate cell viability response	1951:1985	an adequate cell viability response	1951:1985	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	3	81	theme	X-ray	887:891	arg1	spectroscopy					906:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	2	82	theme	eco-friendly	479:490	arg1	process					511:517	an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process	476:517	an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	476:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	5	83	theme	nanoscale	1447:1455	arg1	dimensions					1457:1466	nanoscale dimensions	1447:1466	nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1447:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	3	84	theme	X-ray	839:843	arg1	EDX					859:861	EDX	859:861	EDX	859:861	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	84	theme	X-ray	839:843	arg1	spectroscopy					845:856	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	821:856	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)	821:862	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	85	theme	wavelength	865:874	arg1	spectroscopy					906:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy	865:917	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	86	theme	infrared	972:979	arg1	FTIR					995:998	FTIR	995:998	FTIR	995:998	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	86	theme	infrared	972:979	arg1	spectroscopy					981:992	infrared spectroscopy	972:992	infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	972:999	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	8	87	theme	non-cytotoxic	1991:2003	arg1	behavior					2005:2012	non-cytotoxic behavior	1991:2012	non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T)	1991:2079	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	6	88	theme	colloidal	1684:1692	arg1	route					1705:1709	the colloidal processing route	1680:1709	the colloidal processing route	1680:1709	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	5	89	theme	calcium	1416:1422	arg1	particles					1434:1442	calcium phosphate particles	1416:1442	calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1416:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	4	90	theme	tetrazolium	1189:1199	arg1	bromide					1201:1207	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide	1148:1207	a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay	1146:1219	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	90	theme	tetrazolium	1189:1199	arg1	MTT					1210:1212	MTT	1210:1212	MTT	1210:1212	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	3	91	theme	biocomposites	674:686	arg1	morphology					622:631	morphology	622:631	morphology	622:631	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	91	theme	biocomposites	674:686	arg1	crystallinity					638:650	crystallinity	638:650	crystallinity	638:650	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	91	theme	biocomposites	674:686	arg1	structure					611:619	The structure	607:619	The structure	607:619	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	2	92	theme	glycol	374:379	arg1	GLY-CHI					391:397	GLY-CHI	391:397	GLY-CHI	391:397	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	2	92	theme	glycol	374:379	arg1	chitosan					381:388	glycol chitosan	374:388	glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	374:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	1	93	theme	last	121:124	arg1	decades					130:136	the last few decades	117:136	the last few decades	117:136	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
27086294	2	94	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite	427:445	arg1	nHA					458:460	nHA	458:460	nHA	458:460	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	2	94	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite	427:445	arg1	particles					447:455	nano-hydroxyapatite particles	427:455	nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature	427:604	In the present study, it is reported the design and synthesis of biocomposites based on glycol chitosan (GLY-CHI) matrices incorporated with nano-hydroxyapatite particles (nHA) produced via an eco-friendly chemical colloidal process in water media followed by solvent casting and evaporation methods at room temperature.
27086294	9	95	theme	prospective	2284:2294	arg1	use					2296:2298	prospective use	2284:2298	prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2284:2373	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	0	96	theme	bone	63:66	arg1	engineering					75:85	potential bone tissue engineering	53:85	potential bone tissue engineering	53:85	Glycol chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite biocomposites for potential bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27086294	8	97	dep	in	1906:1907	arg1	vitro					1909:1913	vitro	1909:1913	vitro	1909:1913	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	5	98	theme	74±15nm	1515:1521	arg1	distribution					1482:1493	narrow distribution	1475:1493	narrow distribution	1475:1493	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	98	theme	74±15nm	1515:1521	arg1	size					1507:1510	average size	1499:1510	average size	1499:1510	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	8	99	theme	embryonic	2050:2058	arg1	HEK293T					2072:2078	HEK293T	2072:2078	HEK293T	2072:2078	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	8	99	theme	embryonic	2050:2058	arg1	lines					2065:2069	embryonic cell lines	2050:2069	embryonic cell lines (HEK293T)	2050:2079	Moreover, according to the in vitro bioassays, the biocomposites showed an adequate cell viability response and non-cytotoxic behavior toward osteoblastic-like (SAOS) and embryonic cell lines (HEK293T).
27086294	7	100	theme	polymeric	1861:1869	arg1	matrix					1871:1876	the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix	1841:1876	the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix	1841:1876	In addition, the X-ray micro-CT analysis of the nanocomposite membranes showed that nHA particles were homogenously dispersed in the glycol-chitosan polymeric matrix.
27086294	5	101	from	nucleation	1366:1375	arg1	dimensions					1457:1466	nanoscale dimensions	1447:1466	nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm	1447:1521	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	5	102	theme	narrow	1475:1480	arg1	distribution					1482:1493	narrow distribution	1475:1493	narrow distribution	1475:1493	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	4	103	theme	alkaline	1225:1232	arg1	phosphatase					1234:1244	alkaline phosphatase	1225:1244	an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test	1222:1264	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	4	103	theme	alkaline	1225:1232	arg1	ALP					1247:1249	ALP	1247:1249	ALP	1247:1249	Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell viability tests were performed on three cell lines using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test, and LIVE/DEAD® assays.
27086294	5	104	theme	major	1348:1352	arg1	role					1354:1357	a major role	1346:1357	a major role	1346:1357	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	9	105	theme	engineering	2310:2320	arg1	applications					2362:2373	tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2303:2373	tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2303:2373	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	6	106	theme	nanosized	1593:1601	arg1	phase					1662:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase	1628:1666	the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route	1628:1709	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	6	106	theme	nanosized	1593:1601	arg1	nHA					1619:1621	nHA	1619:1621	nHA	1619:1621	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	6	106	theme	nanosized	1593:1601	arg1	hydroxyapatite					1603:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite	1593:1616	nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA)	1593:1622	The FTIR spectroscopy associated with the XRD results indicated that nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) was the predominant calcium phosphate phase produced in the colloidal processing route.
27086294	9	107	from	use	2296:2298	arg1	applications					2362:2373	tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2303:2373	tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications	2303:2373	Finally, the results of osteogenic differentiation tests demonstrated that the nHA/GLY-CHI composites are osteoinductive for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMS), which can be envisioned for prospective use in tissue engineering (e.g., bone, cartilage and periodontal) applications.
27086294	3	108	theme	light	722:726	arg1	WD-XRF					920:925	WD-XRF	920:925	WD-XRF	920:925	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	108	theme	light	722:726	arg1	microscopy					728:737	light microscopy	722:737	light microscopy (LM)	722:742	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	108	theme	light	722:726	arg1	XRD					948:950	XRD	948:950	XRD	948:950	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	3	108	theme	light	722:726	arg1	LM					740:741	LM	740:741	LM	740:741	The structure, morphology, and crystallinity of the components and biocomposites were extensively characterized by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (WD-XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray micro-computed tomography analysis (μCT).
27086294	5	109	theme	GLY-CHI	1324:1330	arg1	ligand					1332:1337	the GLY-CHI ligand	1320:1337	the GLY-CHI ligand	1320:1337	The results demonstrated that the GLY-CHI ligand played a major role in the nucleation, growth and colloidal stabilization of calcium phosphate particles at nanoscale dimensions with a narrow distribution and average size of 74±15nm.
27086294	1	110	theme	tissue	255:260	arg1	engineering					262:272	bone tissue engineering	250:272	bone tissue engineering	250:272	In the last few decades, research on biocomposite nanomaterials has grown exponentially due to the global demand for novel solutions in bone tissue engineering and repair.
25129737	0	0	theme	antigens	72:79	arg1	administration					42:55	the oral administration	33:55	the oral administration of immobilized antigens	33:79	Starch granules as a vehicle for the oral administration of immobilized antigens.
25129737	6	1	theme	immobilization	1007:1020	arg1	system					1022:1027	this immobilization system	1002:1027	this immobilization system	1002:1027	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	4	2	theme	fragment	539:546	arg1	C					548:548	fragment C	539:548	fragment C of the tetanus toxin	539:569	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	0	3	theme	immobilized	60:70	arg1	antigens					72:79	immobilized antigens	60:79	immobilized antigens	60:79	Starch granules as a vehicle for the oral administration of immobilized antigens.
25129737	1	4	theme	interesting	152:162	arg1	antigens					164:171	interesting antigens	152:171	interesting antigens	152:171	Microparticles of diverse compositions are often used as carriers for interesting antigens.
25129737	5	5	theme	non-immobilized	941:955	arg1	protein					957:963	the non-immobilized protein	937:963	the non-immobilized protein	937:963	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	3	6	theme	starch-binding	337:350	arg1	domain					352:357	a starch-binding domain	335:357	a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface	335:461	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	5	7	theme	tetanus	890:896	arg1	symptoms					898:905	tetanus symptoms	890:905	tetanus symptoms	890:905	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	6	8	theme	protein	1047:1053	arg1	carrier					1055:1061	an antigen and protein carrier	1032:1061	an antigen and protein carrier	1032:1061	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	6	8	theme	protein	1047:1053	arg1	viability					989:997	the viability	985:997	the viability of this immobilization system	985:1027	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	5	9	theme	immobilized	836:846	arg1	protein					848:854	this immobilized protein	831:854	this immobilized protein	831:854	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	5	10	theme	symptoms	898:905	arg1	onset					881:885	the onset	877:885	the onset of tetanus symptoms	877:905	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	6	11	theme	system	1022:1027	arg1	carrier					1055:1061	an antigen and protein carrier	1032:1061	an antigen and protein carrier	1032:1061	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	6	11	theme	system	1022:1027	arg1	viability					989:997	the viability	985:997	the viability of this immobilization system	985:1027	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	3	12	theme	stable	408:413	arg1	immobilization					423:436	a stable protein immobilization	406:436	a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface	406:461	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	1	13	used	used	131:134	arg2	Microparticles					82:95	Microparticles	82:95	Microparticles of diverse compositions	82:119	Microparticles of diverse compositions are often used as carriers for interesting antigens.
25129737	1	13	used	used	131:134	arg2	carriers					139:146	carriers	139:146	carriers for interesting antigens	139:171	Microparticles of diverse compositions are often used as carriers for interesting antigens.
25129737	5	14	theme	antibodies	799:808	arg1	induction					777:785	the induction	773:785	the induction of specific antibodies	773:808	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	0	15	theme	Starch	0:5	arg1	granules					7:14	Starch granules	0:14	Starch granules	0:14	Starch granules as a vehicle for the oral administration of immobilized antigens.
25129737	0	16	dep	granules	7:14	arg1	vehicle					21:27	a vehicle	19:27	a vehicle for the oral administration of immobilized antigens	19:79	Starch granules as a vehicle for the oral administration of immobilized antigens.
25129737	3	17	dep	allows	395:400	arg1	domain					352:357	a starch-binding domain	335:357	a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface	335:461	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	4	18	theme	starch-binding	580:593	arg1	domain					595:600	the starch-binding domain	576:600	the starch-binding domain	576:600	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	1	19	theme	diverse	100:106	arg1	compositions					108:119	diverse compositions	100:119	diverse compositions	100:119	Microparticles of diverse compositions are often used as carriers for interesting antigens.
25129737	2	20	theme	natural	210:216	arg1	starch					236:241	natural microparticulated starch	210:241	natural microparticulated starch	210:241	In this work, we propose the use of natural microparticulated starch as a vehicle for antigens.
25129737	3	21	theme	protein	415:421	arg1	immobilization					423:436	a stable protein immobilization	406:436	a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface	406:461	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	0	22	theme	oral	37:40	arg1	administration					42:55	the oral administration	33:55	the oral administration of immobilized antigens	33:79	Starch granules as a vehicle for the oral administration of immobilized antigens.
25129737	4	23	theme	starch	490:495	arg1	use					483:485	the use	479:485	the use of starch as an antigen carrier	479:517	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	1	24	theme	compositions	108:119	arg1	Microparticles					82:95	Microparticles	82:95	Microparticles of diverse compositions	82:119	Microparticles of diverse compositions are often used as carriers for interesting antigens.
25129737	1	24	theme	compositions	108:119	arg1	carriers					139:146	carriers	139:146	carriers for interesting antigens	139:171	Microparticles of diverse compositions are often used as carriers for interesting antigens.
25129737	4	25	theme	antigen	503:509	arg1	carrier					511:517	an antigen carrier	500:517	an antigen carrier	500:517	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	4	26	theme	adjuvant	721:728	arg1	use					710:712	the use	706:712	the use of any adjuvant	706:728	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	3	27	theme	granule	447:453	arg1	surface					455:461	the granule surface	443:461	the granule surface	443:461	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	4	28	theme	tetanus	557:563	arg1	toxin					565:569	the tetanus toxin	553:569	the tetanus toxin	553:569	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	3	29	theme	proposed	274:281	arg1	system					283:288	The proposed system	270:288	The proposed system	270:288	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	4	30	theme	different	664:672	arg1	doses					674:678	two different doses	660:678	two different doses	660:678	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	5	31	from	delay	868:872	arg1	onset					881:885	the onset	877:885	the onset of tetanus symptoms	877:905	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	3	32	theme	raw	305:307	arg1	microparticles					316:329	raw starch microparticles	305:329	raw starch microparticles	305:329	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	2	33	theme	starch	236:241	arg1	use					203:205	the use	199:205	the use of natural microparticulated starch as a vehicle for antigens	199:267	In this work, we propose the use of natural microparticulated starch as a vehicle for antigens.
25129737	5	34	theme	specific	790:797	arg1	antibodies					799:808	specific antibodies	790:808	specific antibodies	790:808	The results showed that the system allows the induction of specific antibodies; moreover mice given this immobilized protein presented a delay in the onset of tetanus symptoms compared to mice administered the non-immobilized protein.
25129737	3	35	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	microparticles					316:329	raw starch microparticles	305:329	raw starch microparticles	305:329	The proposed system is composed of raw starch microparticles and a starch-binding domain that when fused to another protein, allows for a stable protein immobilization onto the granule surface.
25129737	2	36	theme	microparticulated	218:234	arg1	starch					236:241	natural microparticulated starch	210:241	natural microparticulated starch	210:241	In this work, we propose the use of natural microparticulated starch as a vehicle for antigens.
25129737	6	37	theme	antigen	1035:1041	arg1	carrier					1055:1061	an antigen and protein carrier	1032:1061	an antigen and protein carrier	1032:1061	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	6	37	theme	antigen	1035:1041	arg1	viability					989:997	the viability	985:997	the viability of this immobilization system	985:1027	The study outlines the viability of this immobilization system as an antigen and protein carrier.
25129737	4	38	from	mice	652:655	arg1	doses					674:678	two different doses	660:678	two different doses	660:678	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25129737	4	39	theme	toxin	565:569	arg1	C					548:548	fragment C	539:548	fragment C of the tetanus toxin	539:569	To demonstrate the use of starch as an antigen carrier, a fusion combining fragment C of the tetanus toxin with the starch-binding domain was adsorbed to starch and administered orally to mice in two different doses and, importantly, without the use of any adjuvant.
25367682	4	0	with	sanitization	727:738	arg1	NaOH					751:754	0.5 N NaOH	745:754	0.5 N NaOH	745:754	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	3	1	theme	nominal	513:519	arg1	cutoffs					538:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	9	2	theme	small	1396:1400	arg1	effect					1402:1407	a small effect	1394:1407	a small effect	1394:1407	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	0	3	theme	polysulfone	65:75	arg1	membranes					114:122	polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes	65:122	membranes	114:122	Effects of chemical sanitization using NaOH on the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes.
25367682	3	4	theme	molecular	521:529	arg1	cutoffs					538:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	10	5	theme	validation	1754:1763	arg1	studies					1765:1771	scale-down validation studies	1743:1771	scale-down validation studies	1743:1771	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	0	6	theme	ultrafiltration	98:112	arg1	membranes					114:122	polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes	65:122	membranes	114:122	Effects of chemical sanitization using NaOH on the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes.
25367682	5	7	from	Changes	776:782	arg1	composition					796:806	chemical composition	787:806	chemical composition	787:806	Changes in chemical composition were examined using ATR-FT-IR and XPS.
25367682	7	8	theme	effective	1103:1111	arg1	size					1118:1121	the effective pore size	1099:1121	the effective pore size	1099:1121	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	9	9	contain	have	1389:1392	arg2	effect					1402:1407	a small effect	1394:1407	a small effect	1394:1407	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	9	9	contain	have	1389:1392	arg1	sanitization					1359:1370	Preuse sanitization	1352:1370	Preuse sanitization	1352:1370	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	4	10	theme	retention	615:623	arg1	coefficients					625:636	dextran retention coefficients	607:636	dextran retention coefficients	607:636	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	0	11	theme	polyethersulfone	81:96	arg1	membranes					114:122	polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes	65:122	membranes	114:122	Effects of chemical sanitization using NaOH on the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes.
25367682	6	12	theme	net	891:893	arg1	charge					904:909	the net negative charge	887:909	the net negative charge for all membranes	887:927	Sanitization caused a large increase in the net negative charge for all membranes.
25367682	7	13	theme	pore	1113:1116	arg1	size					1118:1121	the effective pore size	1099:1121	the effective pore size	1099:1121	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	7	14	from	reduction	948:956	arg1	retention					1022:1030	dextran retention	1014:1030	dextran retention	1014:1030	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	7	14	from	reduction	948:956	arg1	permeability					971:982	hydraulic permeability	961:982	hydraulic permeability	961:982	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	9	15	theme	protein	1412:1418	arg1	adsorption					1420:1429	protein adsorption	1412:1429	protein adsorption	1412:1429	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	4	16	theme	dextran	607:613	arg1	coefficients					625:636	dextran retention coefficients	607:636	dextran retention coefficients	607:636	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	5	17	theme	chemical	787:794	arg1	composition					796:806	chemical composition	787:806	chemical composition	787:806	Changes in chemical composition were examined using ATR-FT-IR and XPS.
25367682	4	18	theme	N	749:749	arg1	NaOH					751:754	0.5 N NaOH	745:754	0.5 N NaOH	745:754	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	8	19	theme	PSf	1329:1331	arg1	membranes					1341:1349	PSf and PES membranes	1329:1349	PSf and PES membranes	1329:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	0	20	theme	membranes	114:122	arg1	properties					51:60	the properties	47:60	the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes	47:122	Effects of chemical sanitization using NaOH on the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes.
25367682	3	21	with	membranes	488:496	arg1	cutoffs					538:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	8	22	theme	PES	1337:1339	arg1	membranes					1341:1349	PSf and PES membranes	1329:1349	PSf and PES membranes	1329:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	23	theme	ring	1233:1236	arg1	hydrolysis					1208:1217	the base-catalyzed hydrolysis	1189:1217	the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1189:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	10	24	theme	significant	1582:1592	arg1	impact					1594:1599	a significant impact	1580:1599	a significant impact	1580:1599	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	8	25	from	hydrolysis	1208:1217	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone	1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1241:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	25	from	hydrolysis	1208:1217	arg1	agent					1320:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent	1297:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1297:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	25	from	hydrolysis	1208:1217	arg1	PVP					1263:1265	PVP	1263:1265	PVP	1263:1265	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	10	26	theme	membrane	1549:1556	arg1	properties					1558:1567	membrane properties	1549:1567	membrane properties	1549:1567	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	8	27	from	agent	1320:1324	arg1	membranes					1341:1349	PSf and PES membranes	1329:1349	PSf and PES membranes	1329:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	2	28	theme	sanitization	322:333	arg1	step					335:338	this preuse sanitization step	310:338	this preuse sanitization step	310:338	However, there is almost no information in the literature on the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane.
25367682	10	29	theme	sanitization	1687:1698	arg1	procedures					1700:1709	the sanitization procedures	1683:1709	the sanitization procedures	1683:1709	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	2	30	theme	preuse	315:320	arg1	step					335:338	this preuse sanitization step	310:338	this preuse sanitization step	310:338	However, there is almost no information in the literature on the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane.
25367682	9	31	theme	virgin	1493:1498	arg1	membranes					1514:1522	both the virgin and sanitized membranes	1484:1522	membranes	1514:1522	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	0	32	theme	sanitization	20:31	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of chemical sanitization	0:31	Effects of chemical sanitization using NaOH on the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes.
25367682	4	33	theme	0.5	745:747	arg1	N					749:749	N	749:749	N	749:749	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	7	34	theme	consistent	1068:1077	arg1	membranes					1057:1065	the polyethersulfone membranes	1036:1065	the polyethersulfone membranes	1036:1065	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	4	35	from	45°C	759:762	arg1	sanitization					727:738	sanitization	727:738	sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min	727:773	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	1	36	theme	aseptic	215:221	arg1	operation					223:231	aseptic operation	215:231	aseptic operation	215:231	Membranes used in bioprocessing applications are typically sanitized before use to insure aseptic operation.
25367682	0	37	theme	chemical	11:18	arg1	sanitization					20:31	chemical sanitization	11:31	chemical sanitization	11:31	Effects of chemical sanitization using NaOH on the properties of polysulfone and polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes.
25367682	4	38	theme	hydraulic	583:591	arg1	permeability					593:604	the membrane hydraulic permeability	570:604	the membrane hydraulic permeability	570:604	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	10	39	theme	scale-down	1743:1752	arg1	studies					1765:1771	scale-down validation studies	1743:1771	scale-down validation studies	1743:1771	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	6	40	theme	large	869:873	arg1	increase					875:882	a large increase	867:882	a large increase in the net negative charge for all membranes	867:927	Sanitization caused a large increase in the net negative charge for all membranes.
25367682	9	41	theme	sanitized	1504:1512	arg1	membranes					1514:1522	both the virgin and sanitized membranes	1484:1522	membranes	1514:1522	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	7	42	theme	small	942:946	arg1	reduction					948:956	a small reduction	940:956	a small reduction in hydraulic permeability	940:982	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	4	43	theme	adsorption	694:703	arg1	charge					663:668	surface charge	655:668	surface charge	655:668	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	4	43	theme	adsorption	694:703	arg1	permeability					593:604	the membrane hydraulic permeability	570:604	the membrane hydraulic permeability	570:604	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	4	43	theme	adsorption	694:703	arg1	extent					676:681	extent	676:681	extent	676:681	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	4	43	theme	adsorption	694:703	arg1	coefficients					625:636	dextran retention coefficients	607:636	dextran retention coefficients	607:636	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	4	43	theme	adsorption	694:703	arg1	potential					644:652	zeta potential	639:652	zeta potential (surface charge)	639:669	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	3	44	theme	hollow	430:435	arg1	PSf					456:458	PSf	456:458	PSf	456:458	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	3	44	theme	hollow	430:435	arg1	polysulfone					443:453	commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes	407:496	polysulfone	443:453	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	4	45	theme	membrane	574:581	arg1	permeability					593:604	the membrane hydraulic permeability	570:604	the membrane hydraulic permeability	570:604	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	7	46	from	increase	1002:1009	arg1	retention					1022:1030	dextran retention	1014:1030	dextran retention	1014:1030	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	7	46	from	increase	1002:1009	arg1	permeability					971:982	hydraulic permeability	961:982	hydraulic permeability	961:982	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	7	47	with	consistent	1068:1077	arg1	reduction					1086:1094	a reduction	1084:1094	a reduction in the effective pore size	1084:1121	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	8	48	used	used	1289:1292	arg2	agent					1320:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent	1297:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1297:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	48	used	used	1289:1292	arg2	PVP					1263:1265	PVP	1263:1265	PVP	1263:1265	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	48	used	used	1289:1292	arg2	polyvinylpyrrolidone					1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone	1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1241:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	6	49	from	increase	875:882	arg1	charge					904:909	the net negative charge	887:909	the net negative charge for all membranes	887:927	Sanitization caused a large increase in the net negative charge for all membranes.
25367682	3	50	theme	fiber	437:441	arg1	PSf					456:458	PSf	456:458	PSf	456:458	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	3	50	theme	fiber	437:441	arg1	polysulfone					443:453	commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes	407:496	polysulfone	443:453	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	8	51	from	polyvinylpyrrolidone	1241:1260	arg1	hydrolysis					1208:1217	the base-catalyzed hydrolysis	1189:1217	the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1189:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	52	theme	base-catalyzed	1193:1206	arg1	hydrolysis					1208:1217	the base-catalyzed hydrolysis	1189:1217	the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1189:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	3	53	theme	polyethersulfone	465:480	arg1	membranes					488:496	commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes	407:496	membranes	488:496	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	3	53	theme	polyethersulfone	465:480	arg1	PES					483:485	PES	483:485	PES	483:485	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	8	54	theme	lactam	1226:1231	arg1	ring					1233:1236	the lactam ring	1222:1236	the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1222:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	9	55	theme	Preuse	1352:1357	arg1	sanitization					1359:1370	Preuse sanitization	1352:1370	Preuse sanitization	1352:1370	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	3	56	with	polysulfone	443:453	arg1	cutoffs					538:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	7	57	from	reduction	1086:1094	arg1	size					1118:1121	the effective pore size	1099:1121	the effective pore size	1099:1121	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	9	58	theme	adsorption	1455:1464	arg1	low					1476:1478	low	1476:1478	low	1476:1478	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	9	58	theme	adsorption	1455:1464	arg1	extent					1445:1450	the extent	1441:1450	the extent of adsorption	1441:1464	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	7	59	theme	dextran	1014:1020	arg1	retention					1022:1030	dextran retention	1014:1030	dextran retention	1014:1030	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	3	60	theme	available	420:428	arg1	PSf					456:458	PSf	456:458	PSf	456:458	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	3	60	theme	available	420:428	arg1	polysulfone					443:453	commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes	407:496	polysulfone	443:453	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	7	61	theme	polyethersulfone	1040:1055	arg1	membranes					1057:1065	the polyethersulfone membranes	1036:1065	the polyethersulfone membranes	1036:1065	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	7	62	theme	significant	990:1000	arg1	increase					1002:1009	a significant increase	988:1009	a significant increase in dextran retention	988:1030	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	3	63	theme	different	503:511	arg1	cutoffs					538:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	10	64	theme	ultrafiltration	1608:1622	arg1	performance					1624:1634	the ultrafiltration performance	1604:1634	the ultrafiltration performance	1604:1634	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	10	65	from	changes	1538:1544	arg1	properties					1558:1567	membrane properties	1549:1567	membrane properties	1549:1567	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	4	66	theme	protein	686:692	arg1	adsorption					694:703	protein adsorption	686:703	protein adsorption	686:703	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	9	67	dep	membranes	1514:1522	arg1	both					1484:1487	both	1484:1487	both	1484:1487	Preuse sanitization also appeared to have a small effect on protein adsorption, although the extent of adsorption was quite low for both the virgin and sanitized membranes.
25367682	2	68	from	literature	281:290	arg1	effects					299:305	the effects	295:305	the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane	295:372	However, there is almost no information in the literature on the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane.
25367682	8	69	from	ring	1233:1236	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone	1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1241:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	69	from	ring	1233:1236	arg1	agent					1320:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent	1297:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1297:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	69	from	ring	1233:1236	arg1	PVP					1263:1265	PVP	1263:1265	PVP	1263:1265	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	70	theme	wetting/pore-forming	1299:1318	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone	1241:1260	polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1241:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	8	70	theme	wetting/pore-forming	1299:1318	arg1	agent					1320:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent	1297:1324	a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes	1297:1349	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	2	71	theme	step	335:338	arg1	effects					299:305	the effects	295:305	the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane	295:372	However, there is almost no information in the literature on the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane.
25367682	2	72	from	effects	299:305	arg1	properties					347:356	the properties	343:356	the properties of the membrane	343:372	However, there is almost no information in the literature on the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane.
25367682	10	73	theme	observed	1529:1536	arg1	changes					1538:1544	The observed changes	1525:1544	The observed changes in membrane properties	1525:1567	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	4	74	theme	surface	655:661	arg1	charge					663:668	surface charge	655:668	surface charge	655:668	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	4	74	theme	surface	655:661	arg1	potential					644:652	zeta potential	639:652	zeta potential (surface charge)	639:669	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	3	75	theme	weight	531:536	arg1	cutoffs					538:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	different nominal molecular weight cutoffs	503:544	Experiments were performed with commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone (PSf) and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with different nominal molecular weight cutoffs.
25367682	6	76	theme	negative	895:902	arg1	charge					904:909	the net negative charge	887:909	the net negative charge for all membranes	887:927	Sanitization caused a large increase in the net negative charge for all membranes.
25367682	8	77	theme	Spectroscopic	1124:1136	arg1	analyses					1138:1145	Spectroscopic analyses	1124:1145	Spectroscopic analyses	1124:1145	Spectroscopic analyses suggest that this change is likely due to the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam ring in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) that is typically is used as a wetting/pore-forming agent in PSf and PES membranes.
25367682	10	78	contain	have	1575:1578	arg2	impact					1594:1599	a significant impact	1580:1599	a significant impact	1580:1599	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	10	78	contain	have	1575:1578	arg1	changes					1538:1544	The observed changes	1525:1544	The observed changes in membrane properties	1525:1567	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	10	79	theme	process	1719:1725	arg1	development					1727:1737	process development	1719:1737	process development	1719:1737	The observed changes in membrane properties could have a significant impact on the ultrafiltration performance, demonstrating the importance of standardizing the sanitization procedures even in process development and scale-down validation studies.
25367682	7	80	theme	hydraulic	961:969	arg1	permeability					971:982	hydraulic permeability	961:982	hydraulic permeability	961:982	There was a small reduction in hydraulic permeability and a significant increase in dextran retention for the polyethersulfone membranes, consistent with a reduction in the effective pore size.
25367682	2	81	theme	membrane	365:372	arg1	properties					347:356	the properties	343:356	the properties of the membrane	343:372	However, there is almost no information in the literature on the effects of this preuse sanitization step on the properties of the membrane.
25367682	4	82	theme	zeta	639:642	arg1	charge					663:668	surface charge	655:668	surface charge	655:668	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
25367682	4	82	theme	zeta	639:642	arg1	potential					644:652	zeta potential	639:652	zeta potential (surface charge)	639:669	Data were obtained for the membrane hydraulic permeability, dextran retention coefficients, zeta potential (surface charge), and extent of protein adsorption both before and after sanitization with 0.5 N NaOH at 45°C for 30 min.
27554936	7	0	theme	Amino	1000:1004	arg1	10B					1012:1014	Amino black 10B	1000:1014	Amino black 10B	1000:1014	The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process.
27554936	1	1	theme	chitosan/bentonite	154:171	arg1	composite					173:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	0	2	theme	10B	84:86	arg1	removal					61:67	the removal	57:67	the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions	57:109	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	1	3	dep	transform	272:280	arg1	infrared					282:289	infrared	282:289	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques	272:348	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	5	4	theme	Langmuir	726:733	arg1	model					735:739	the Langmuir model	722:739	the Langmuir model	722:739	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	6	5	theme	dye	909:911	arg1	molecules					913:921	dye molecules	909:921	dye molecules	909:921	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	4	6	theme	regeneration	599:610	arg1	cycle					612:616	5th regeneration cycle	595:616	5th regeneration cycle	595:616	There was not much drop in adsorption capacity up to 5th regeneration cycle.
27554936	0	7	theme	aqueous	93:99	arg1	solutions					101:109	aqueous solutions	93:109	aqueous solutions	93:109	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	4	8	theme	5th	595:597	arg1	cycle					612:616	5th regeneration cycle	595:616	5th regeneration cycle	595:616	There was not much drop in adsorption capacity up to 5th regeneration cycle.
27554936	5	9	theme	monolayer	631:639	arg1	capacity					652:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity	619:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity	619:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	5	10	theme	maximum	623:629	arg1	capacity					652:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity	619:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity	619:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	5	11	theme	adsorption	641:650	arg1	capacity					652:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity	619:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity	619:659	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	6	12	theme	strong	793:798	arg1	interaction					814:824	the strong electrostatic interaction	789:824	the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite	789:940	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	0	13	theme	quaternized	12:22	arg1	composite					43:51	quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	12:51	quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	12:51	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	4	14	theme	adsorption	569:578	arg1	capacity					580:587	adsorption capacity	569:587	adsorption capacity	569:587	There was not much drop in adsorption capacity up to 5th regeneration cycle.
27554936	7	15	theme	thermodynamic	947:959	arg1	parameters					961:970	The thermodynamic parameters	943:970	The thermodynamic parameters	943:970	The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process.
27554936	1	16	theme	membrane-forming	199:214	arg1	methods					234:240	membrane-forming and cross-linking methods	199:240	membrane-forming and cross-linking methods	199:240	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	6	17	theme	electrostatic	800:812	arg1	interaction					814:824	the strong electrostatic interaction	789:824	the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite	789:940	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	3	18	theme	Langmuir	467:474	arg1	isotherm					476:483	the Langmuir isotherm	463:483	the Langmuir isotherm	463:483	The equilibrium data and kinetic data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively.
27554936	0	19	theme	chitosan/bentonite	24:41	arg1	composite					43:51	quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	12:51	quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	12:51	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	3	20	theme	kinetic	513:519	arg1	model					521:525	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	489:525	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	489:525	The equilibrium data and kinetic data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively.
27554936	1	21	theme	cross-linking	220:232	arg1	methods					234:240	membrane-forming and cross-linking methods	199:240	membrane-forming and cross-linking methods	199:240	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	1	22	theme	X-ray	315:319	arg1	XRD					334:336	XRD	334:336	XRD	334:336	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	1	22	theme	X-ray	315:319	arg1	diffraction					321:331	X-ray diffraction	315:331	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	315:337	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	1	23	link	crosslinked	130:140	arg1	composite					173:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	1	24	dep	Fourier	264:270	arg1	transform					272:280	transform	272:280	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques	272:348	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	2	25	theme	adsorption	382:391	arg1	studies					393:399	the adsorption studies	378:399	the adsorption studies	378:399	Batch mode was adapted for the adsorption studies.
27554936	3	26	theme	kinetic	427:433	arg1	data					435:438	kinetic data	427:438	kinetic data	427:438	The equilibrium data and kinetic data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively.
27554936	3	27	theme	equilibrium	406:416	arg1	data					418:421	The equilibrium data	402:421	The equilibrium data	402:421	The equilibrium data and kinetic data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively.
27554936	3	28	theme	pseudo-second-order	493:511	arg1	model					521:525	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	489:525	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	489:525	The equilibrium data and kinetic data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively.
27554936	7	29	theme	endothermic	1056:1066	arg1	process					1068:1074	a spontaneous and endothermic process	1038:1074	a spontaneous and endothermic process	1038:1074	The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process.
27554936	1	30	dep	spectroscopy	291:302	arg1	techniques					339:348	techniques	339:348	techniques	339:348	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	6	31	theme	adsorption	751:760	arg1	capacity					762:769	The high adsorption capacity	742:769	The high adsorption capacity	742:769	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	2	32	theme	Batch	351:355	arg1	mode					357:360	Batch mode	351:360	Batch mode	351:360	Batch mode was adapted for the adsorption studies.
27554936	6	33	dep	sharing	868:874	arg1	the					864:866	the	864:866	the	864:866	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	5	34	theme	natural	699:705	arg1	pH					707:708	natural pH	699:708	natural pH	699:708	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	6	35	theme	valence	841:847	arg1	forces					849:854	the valence forces	837:854	the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite	789:940	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	6	36	theme	high	746:749	arg1	capacity					762:769	The high adsorption capacity	742:769	The high adsorption capacity	742:769	The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the strong electrostatic interaction as well as the valence forces through the sharing or exchange of electrons between dye molecules and this composite.
27554936	7	37	theme	spontaneous	1040:1050	arg1	process					1068:1074	a spontaneous and endothermic process	1038:1074	a spontaneous and endothermic process	1038:1074	The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process.
27554936	0	38	from	solutions	101:109	arg1	removal					61:67	the removal	57:67	the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions	57:109	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	7	39	theme	black	1006:1010	arg1	10B					1012:1014	Amino black 10B	1000:1014	Amino black 10B	1000:1014	The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process.
27554936	5	40	from	pH	707:708	arg1	terms					713:717	terms	713:717	terms of the Langmuir model	713:739	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	0	41	theme	black	78:82	arg1	10B					84:86	Amino black 10B	72:86	Amino black 10B	72:86	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	4	42	dep	cycle	612:616	arg1	up					589:590	up	589:590	up	589:590	There was not much drop in adsorption capacity up to 5th regeneration cycle.
27554936	7	43	theme	10B	1012:1014	arg1	adsorption					986:995	the adsorption	982:995	the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process	982:1074	The thermodynamic parameters indicated the adsorption of Amino black 10B by this composite was a spontaneous and endothermic process.
27554936	1	44	theme	crosslinked	130:140	arg1	composite					173:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	5	45	from	298K	690:693	arg1	terms					713:717	terms	713:717	terms of the Langmuir model	713:739	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
27554936	0	46	theme	Amino	72:76	arg1	10B					84:86	Amino black 10B	72:86	Amino black 10B	72:86	Crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite for the removal of Amino black 10B from aqueous solutions.
27554936	4	47	from	drop	561:564	arg1	capacity					580:587	adsorption capacity	569:587	adsorption capacity	569:587	There was not much drop in adsorption capacity up to 5th regeneration cycle.
27554936	1	48	theme	quaternized	142:152	arg1	composite					173:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite	126:181	In this work, the crosslinked quaternized chitosan/bentonite composite was prepared by membrane-forming and cross-linking methods, and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques.
27554936	5	49	theme	model	735:739	arg1	terms					713:717	terms	713:717	terms of the Langmuir model	713:739	The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained at 990.1mg/g at 298K and natural pH in terms of the Langmuir model.
28216296	9	0	theme	well-defined	1581:1592	arg1	parameters					1594:1603	well-defined parameters	1581:1603	well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment	1581:1649	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	13	1	theme	cyclodextrin	2078:2089	arg1	polymer					2091:2097	the cyclodextrin polymer	2074:2097	the cyclodextrin polymer	2074:2097	We managed to improve the mechanical properties of the PLA with the cyclodextrin polymer to form a composite.
28216296	7	2	theme	mentioned	1379:1387	arg1	tests					1389:1393	All above mentioned tests	1369:1393	All above mentioned tests	1369:1393	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	4	3	theme	implants	622:629	arg1	manufacture					582:592	the manufacture	578:592	the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants	578:629	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	3	4	theme	extended	373:380	arg1	release					393:399	a local and extended antibiotic release	361:399	a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site	361:421	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	6	5	theme	cell	1097:1100	arg1	viability					1102:1110	cell viability	1097:1110	cell viability	1097:1110	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	2	6	theme	health	307:312	arg1	economy					314:320	public health economy	300:320	public health economy	300:320	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	13	7	theme	mechanical	2036:2045	arg1	properties					2047:2056	the mechanical properties	2032:2056	the mechanical properties of the PLA with the cyclodextrin polymer	2032:2097	We managed to improve the mechanical properties of the PLA with the cyclodextrin polymer to form a composite.
28216296	4	8	theme	recent	427:432	arg1	developments					434:445	recent developments	427:445	recent developments	427:445	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	6	9	theme	mathematic	1171:1180	arg1	model					1182:1186	mathematic model	1171:1186	mathematic model	1171:1186	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	4	10	theme	semi-resorbable	597:611	arg1	implants					622:629	semi-resorbable parietal implants	597:629	semi-resorbable parietal implants	597:629	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	6	11	theme	phosphate	1248:1256	arg1	PBS					1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	11	theme	phosphate	1248:1256	arg1	saline					1265:1270	phosphate buffer saline	1248:1270	phosphate buffer saline (PBS)	1248:1276	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	9	12	from	parameters	1594:1603	arg1	terms					1608:1612	terms	1608:1612	terms of temperature and time of treatment	1608:1649	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	6	13	theme	interaction	1153:1163	arg1	understanding					1124:1136	the understanding	1120:1136	the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model	1120:1186	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	1	14	theme	hernia	126:131	arg1	repair					133:138	hernia repair	126:138	hernia repair	126:138	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	6	15	theme	drug	1224:1227	arg1	studies					1237:1243	drug release studies	1224:1243	drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus	1224:1366	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	2	16	from	impact	290:295	arg1	economy					314:320	public health economy	300:320	public health economy	300:320	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	9	17	theme	bio-absorbable	1671:1684	arg1	material					1696:1703	a bio-absorbable synthetic material	1669:1703	a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties	1669:1800	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	6	18	theme	meshes	1312:1317	arg1	PBS					1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	18	theme	meshes	1312:1317	arg1	saline					1265:1270	phosphate buffer saline	1248:1270	phosphate buffer saline (PBS)	1248:1276	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	18	theme	meshes	1312:1317	arg1	evaluation					1298:1307	microbiological evaluation	1282:1307	microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus	1282:1366	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	2	19	theme	patient	237:243	arg1	period					254:259	the patient recovery period	233:259	the patient recovery period	233:259	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	6	20	theme	support	954:960	arg1	functionalization					924:940	polyCD functionalization	917:940	polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support	917:960	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	5	21	theme	present	648:654	arg1	study					656:660	the present study	644:660	the present study	644:660	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	7	22	theme	material	1506:1513	arg1	performances					1450:1461	the improved performances	1437:1461	the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1437:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	5	23	with	activation	837:846	arg1	ciprofloxacin					853:865	ciprofloxacin	853:865	ciprofloxacin	853:865	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	23	with	activation	837:846	arg1	polyCD					825:830	polyCD	825:830	polyCD	825:830	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	23	with	activation	837:846	arg1	polymer					816:822	a cyclodextrin polymer	801:822	a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD)	801:831	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	24	theme	reservoir	690:698	arg1	properties					700:709	drug reservoir properties	685:709	drug reservoir properties	685:709	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	1	25	from	widespread	143:152	arg1	surgery					166:172	visceral surgery	157:172	visceral surgery	157:172	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	6	26	theme	functionalization	924:940	arg1	degree					907:912	degree	907:912	degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support	907:960	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	0	27	theme	prolonged	63:71	arg1	activity					87:94	prolonged antibacterial activity	63:94	prolonged antibacterial activity	63:94	Cyclodextrin modified PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity.
28216296	6	28	theme	Electron	1026:1033	arg1	SEM					1047:1049	SEM	1047:1049	SEM	1047:1049	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	28	theme	Electron	1026:1033	arg1	Microscopy					1035:1044	Scanning Electron Microscopy	1017:1044	Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)	1017:1050	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	9	29	theme	drug	1734:1737	arg1	properties					1747:1756	drug sorption and drug release properties	1716:1756	properties	1747:1756	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	3	30	theme	operative	408:416	arg1	site					418:421	the operative site	404:421	the operative site	404:421	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	11	31	theme	products	1868:1875	arg1	degradation					1841:1851	the degradation	1837:1851	the degradation of our coating products	1837:1875	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	0	32	theme	PLLA	22:25	arg1	implant					50:56	PLLA parietal reinforcement implant	22:56	PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity	22:94	Cyclodextrin modified PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity.
28216296	1	33	theme	meshes	116:121	arg1	widespread					143:152	widespread	143:152	widespread	143:152	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	1	33	theme	meshes	116:121	arg1	use					101:103	The use	97:103	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair	97:138	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	6	34	theme	biological	986:995	arg1	characterization					997:1012	its physical and biological characterization	969:1012	its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability	969:1110	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	3	35	dep	concern	328:334	arg1	avoided					343:349	avoided	343:349	can be avoided	336:349	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	0	36	theme	reinforcement	36:48	arg1	implant					50:56	PLLA parietal reinforcement implant	22:56	PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity	22:94	Cyclodextrin modified PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity.
28216296	5	37	theme	100	751:753	arg1	%					754:754	%	754:754	%	754:754	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	7	38	theme	improved	1441:1448	arg1	performances					1450:1461	the improved performances	1437:1461	the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1437:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	6	39	theme	physical	973:980	arg1	characterization					997:1012	its physical and biological characterization	969:1012	its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability	969:1110	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	3	40	theme	antibiotic	382:391	arg1	release					393:399	a local and extended antibiotic release	361:399	a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site	361:421	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	0	41	theme	antibacterial	73:85	arg1	activity					87:94	prolonged antibacterial activity	63:94	prolonged antibacterial activity	63:94	Cyclodextrin modified PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity.
28216296	6	42	theme	release	1323:1329	arg1	medium					1331:1336	release medium	1323:1336	release medium	1323:1336	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	4	43	theme	polyethyleneterephthalate	505:529	arg1	complement					491:500	complement	491:500	complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP)	491:567	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	5	44	theme	antibacterial	725:737	arg1	effect					739:744	antibacterial effect	725:744	antibacterial effect	725:744	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	6	45	theme	Differential	1053:1064	arg1	DSC					1088:1090	DSC	1088:1090	DSC	1088:1090	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	45	theme	Differential	1053:1064	arg1	Calorimetry					1075:1085	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	1053:1085	Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)	1053:1091	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	46	theme	medium	1331:1336	arg1	PBS					1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	46	theme	medium	1331:1336	arg1	saline					1265:1270	phosphate buffer saline	1248:1270	phosphate buffer saline (PBS)	1248:1276	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	46	theme	medium	1331:1336	arg1	evaluation					1298:1307	microbiological evaluation	1282:1307	microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus	1282:1366	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	14	47	theme	cyclodextrin	2134:2145	arg1	assembly					2124:2131	The assembly	2120:2131	The assembly (cyclodextrin polymer and PLLA)	2120:2163	The assembly (cyclodextrin polymer and PLLA) remains biodegradable.
28216296	14	47	theme	cyclodextrin	2134:2145	arg1	polymer					2147:2153	cyclodextrin polymer and PLLA	2134:2162	polymer	2147:2153	The assembly (cyclodextrin polymer and PLLA) remains biodegradable.
28216296	13	48	theme	PLA	2065:2067	arg1	properties					2047:2056	the mechanical properties	2032:2056	the mechanical properties of the PLA with the cyclodextrin polymer	2032:2097	We managed to improve the mechanical properties of the PLA with the cyclodextrin polymer to form a composite.
28216296	7	49	theme	above	1373:1377	arg1	tests					1389:1393	All above mentioned tests	1369:1393	All above mentioned tests	1369:1393	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	4	50	theme	polypropylene	550:562	arg1	complement					491:500	complement	491:500	complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP)	491:567	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	11	51	theme	cyclodextrin	1928:1939	arg1	units					1963:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	11	51	theme	cyclodextrin	1928:1939	arg1	residues					1941:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues	1911:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity	1911:1993	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	11	52	theme	only	1911:1914	arg1	units					1963:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	11	52	theme	only	1911:1914	arg1	residues					1941:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues	1911:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity	1911:1993	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	6	53	dep	correlation	1204:1214	arg1	iii					1192:1194	iii	1192:1194	iii	1192:1194	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	9	54	theme	mechanical	1780:1789	arg1	properties					1791:1800	its mechanical properties	1776:1800	its mechanical properties	1776:1800	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	7	55	theme	implantable	1494:1504	arg1	material					1506:1513	the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1466:1513	the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1466:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	4	56	theme	parietal	613:620	arg1	implants					622:629	semi-resorbable parietal implants	597:629	semi-resorbable parietal implants	597:629	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	6	57	theme	polyCD	917:922	arg1	functionalization					924:940	polyCD functionalization	917:940	polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support	917:960	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	9	58	theme	temperature	1617:1627	arg1	terms					1608:1612	terms	1608:1612	terms of temperature and time of treatment	1608:1649	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	5	59	with	functionalization	778:794	arg1	ciprofloxacin					853:865	ciprofloxacin	853:865	ciprofloxacin	853:865	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	59	with	functionalization	778:794	arg1	polyCD					825:830	polyCD	825:830	polyCD	825:830	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	59	with	functionalization	778:794	arg1	polymer					816:822	a cyclodextrin polymer	801:822	a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD)	801:831	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	60	theme	study	656:660	arg1	goal					636:639	The goal	632:639	The goal of the present study	632:660	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	2	61	theme	public	300:305	arg1	economy					314:320	public health economy	300:320	public health economy	300:320	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	6	62	theme	degree	907:912	arg1	control					896:902	the control	892:902	the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support	892:960	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	62	theme	degree	907:912	arg1	characterization					997:1012	its physical and biological characterization	969:1012	its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability	969:1110	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	9	63	theme	time	1633:1636	arg1	terms					1608:1612	terms	1608:1612	terms of temperature and time of treatment	1608:1649	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	6	64	theme	buffer	1258:1263	arg1	PBS					1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	64	theme	buffer	1258:1263	arg1	saline					1265:1270	phosphate buffer saline	1248:1270	phosphate buffer saline (PBS)	1248:1276	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	5	65	theme	cyclodextrin	803:814	arg1	polyCD					825:830	polyCD	825:830	polyCD	825:830	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	5	65	theme	cyclodextrin	803:814	arg1	polymer					816:822	a cyclodextrin polymer	801:822	a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD)	801:831	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	9	66	theme	treatment	1641:1649	arg1	time					1633:1636	time	1633:1636	time of treatment	1633:1649	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	9	66	theme	treatment	1641:1649	arg1	temperature					1617:1627	temperature	1617:1627	temperature	1617:1627	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	4	67	theme	poly-l-lactic	448:460	arg1	PLLA					468:471	PLLA	468:471	PLLA	468:471	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	4	67	theme	poly-l-lactic	448:460	arg1	acid					462:465	poly-l-lactic acid	448:465	poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA)	448:472	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	6	68	theme	microbiological	1282:1296	arg1	evaluation					1298:1307	microbiological evaluation	1282:1307	microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus	1282:1366	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	5	69	theme	PLLA	756:759	arg1	knit					761:764	a 100% PLLA knit	749:764	a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin	749:865	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	11	70	theme	mass	1880:1883	arg1	spectroscopy					1885:1896	mass spectroscopy	1880:1896	mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed	1880:2004	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	7	71	from	contribution	1411:1422	arg1	performances					1450:1461	the improved performances	1437:1461	the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1437:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	6	72	theme	drug/meshes	1141:1151	arg1	interaction					1153:1163	drug/meshes interaction	1141:1163	drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model	1141:1186	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	73	theme	release	1229:1235	arg1	studies					1237:1243	drug release studies	1224:1243	drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus	1224:1366	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	11	74	theme	citrate	1916:1922	arg1	units					1963:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	11	74	theme	citrate	1916:1922	arg1	residues					1941:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues	1911:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity	1911:1993	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	11	75	theme	glucose	1955:1961	arg1	units					1963:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	glucose units	1955:1967	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	11	75	theme	glucose	1955:1961	arg1	residues					1941:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues	1911:1948	only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity	1911:1993	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	6	76	dep	understanding	1124:1136	arg1	control					896:902	the control	892:902	the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support	892:960	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	76	dep	understanding	1124:1136	arg1	ii					1113:1114	ii	1113:1114	ii	1113:1114	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	76	dep	understanding	1124:1136	arg1	characterization					997:1012	its physical and biological characterization	969:1012	its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability	969:1110	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	76	dep	understanding	1124:1136	arg1	i					886:886	i	886:886	i	886:886	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	2	77	theme	recovery	245:252	arg1	period					254:259	the patient recovery period	233:259	the patient recovery period	233:259	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	9	78	theme	synthetic	1686:1694	arg1	material					1696:1703	a bio-absorbable synthetic material	1669:1703	a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties	1669:1800	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	3	79	from	release	393:399	arg1	site					418:421	the operative site	404:421	the operative site	404:421	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	1	80	theme	visceral	157:164	arg1	surgery					166:172	visceral surgery	157:172	visceral surgery	157:172	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	6	81	theme	PLLA	949:952	arg1	support					954:960	the PLLA support	945:960	the PLLA support	945:960	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	3	82	theme	Such	323:326	arg1	concern					328:334	Such concern	323:334	Such concern can be avoided	323:349	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	5	83	theme	drug	685:688	arg1	properties					700:709	drug reservoir properties	685:709	drug reservoir properties	685:709	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	1	84	from	surgery	166:172	arg1	use					101:103	The use	97:103	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair	97:138	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	1	84	from	surgery	166:172	arg1	widespread					143:152	widespread	143:152	widespread	143:152	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	7	85	theme	resulting	1470:1478	arg1	material					1506:1513	the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1466:1513	the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1466:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	9	86	theme	drug	1716:1719	arg1	sorption					1721:1728	drug sorption and drug release properties	1716:1756	sorption	1721:1728	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	7	87	theme	antibacterial	1480:1492	arg1	material					1506:1513	the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1466:1513	the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1466:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	4	88	used	used	483:486	arg2	acid					462:465	poly-l-lactic acid	448:465	poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA)	448:472	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	4	88	used	used	483:486	arg2	PLLA					468:471	PLLA	468:471	PLLA	468:471	In recent developments, poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) has been used in complement of polyethyleneterephthalate (Dacron®) (PET) or polypropylene (PP) yarns in the manufacture of semi-resorbable parietal implants.
28216296	6	89	theme	Scanning	1017:1024	arg1	SEM					1047:1049	SEM	1047:1049	SEM	1047:1049	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	89	theme	Scanning	1017:1024	arg1	Microscopy					1035:1044	Scanning Electron Microscopy	1017:1044	Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)	1017:1050	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	9	90	theme	release	1739:1745	arg1	properties					1747:1756	drug sorption and drug release properties	1716:1756	properties	1747:1756	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	0	91	theme	parietal	27:34	arg1	implant					50:56	PLLA parietal reinforcement implant	22:56	PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity	22:94	Cyclodextrin modified PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity.
28216296	1	92	theme	textile	108:114	arg1	meshes					116:121	textile meshes	108:121	textile meshes	108:121	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	3	93	theme	local	363:367	arg1	release					393:399	a local and extended antibiotic release	361:399	a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site	361:421	Such concern can be avoided thanks to a local and extended antibiotic release on the operative site.
28216296	2	94	theme	mesh	183:186	arg1	infection					188:196	mesh infection	183:196	mesh infection	183:196	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	2	94	theme	mesh	183:186	arg1	complication					203:214	a complication	201:214	a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy	201:320	Though, mesh infection is a complication that may prolong the patient recovery period and consequently presents an impact on public health economy.
28216296	13	95	with	properties	2047:2056	arg1	polymer					2091:2097	the cyclodextrin polymer	2074:2097	the cyclodextrin polymer	2074:2097	We managed to improve the mechanical properties of the PLA with the cyclodextrin polymer to form a composite.
28216296	11	96	theme	coating	1860:1866	arg1	products					1868:1875	our coating products	1856:1875	our coating products	1856:1875	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28216296	5	97	theme	%	754:754	arg1	knit					761:764	a 100% PLLA knit	749:764	a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin	749:865	The goal of the present study consisted in assigning drug reservoir properties and prolonged antibacterial effect to a 100% PLLA knit through its functionalization with a cyclodextrin polymer (polyCD) and activation with ciprofloxacin.
28216296	8	98	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1529:1540	arg1	STATEMENT					1516:1524	STATEMENT	1516:1524	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 1.	1516:1543	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 1.
28216296	6	99	from	studies	1237:1243	arg1	PBS					1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	PBS	1273:1275	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	99	from	studies	1237:1243	arg1	saline					1265:1270	phosphate buffer saline	1248:1270	phosphate buffer saline (PBS)	1248:1276	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	99	from	studies	1237:1243	arg1	evaluation					1298:1307	microbiological evaluation	1282:1307	microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus	1282:1366	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	100	theme	Scanning	1066:1073	arg1	DSC					1088:1090	DSC	1088:1090	DSC	1088:1090	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	6	100	theme	Scanning	1066:1073	arg1	Calorimetry					1075:1085	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	1053:1085	Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)	1053:1091	The study focused i) on the control of degree of polyCD functionalization of the PLLA support and on its physical and biological characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and cell viability, ii) on the understanding of drug/meshes interaction using mathematic model and iii) on the correlation between drug release studies in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and microbiological evaluation of meshes and release medium against E. coli and S. aureus.
28216296	1	101	from	use	101:103	arg1	repair					133:138	hernia repair	126:138	hernia repair	126:138	The use of textile meshes in hernia repair is widespread in visceral surgery.
28216296	7	102	theme	polyCD	1427:1432	arg1	contribution					1411:1422	the contribution	1407:1422	the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material	1407:1513	All above mentioned tests highlighted the contribution of polyCD on the improved performances of the resulting antibacterial implantable material.
28216296	9	103	theme	first	1564:1568	arg1	time					1570:1573	the first time	1560:1573	the first time	1560:1573	We managed for the first time, with well-defined parameters in terms of temperature and time of treatment, to functionalize a bio-absorbable synthetic material to improve drug sorption and drug release properties without affecting its mechanical properties.
28216296	0	104	with	implant	50:56	arg1	activity					87:94	prolonged antibacterial activity	63:94	prolonged antibacterial activity	63:94	Cyclodextrin modified PLLA parietal reinforcement implant with prolonged antibacterial activity.
28216296	11	105	theme	first	1826:1830	arg1	time					1832:1835	the first time	1822:1835	the first time	1822:1835	We analyzed for the first time the degradation of our coating products by mass spectroscopy to show that only citrate and cyclodextrin residues (and glucose units) without any cytotoxicity are formed.
28004532	2	0	theme	C	608:608	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	0	theme	C	608:608	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	1	used	used	673:676	arg2	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	1	used	used	673:676	arg2	photo-ionisation					507:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation	486:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	1	used	used	673:676	arg2	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	1	used	used	673:676	arg2	GC-MS					479:483	GC-MS	479:483	GC-MS	479:483	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	1	used	used	673:676	arg2	analysis					469:476	elemental analysis	459:476	elemental analysis	459:476	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	2	dep	Fourier	540:546	arg1	transform					548:556	transform	548:556	transform	548:556	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	2	dep	Fourier	540:546	arg1	spectrometry					587:598	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	558:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	5	3	dep	Fourier	1320:1326	arg1	transform					1328:1336	transform	1328:1336	transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1328:1373	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	5	4	from	biomass	1277:1283	arg1	bio-oil					1240:1246	the bio-oil	1236:1246	the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass	1236:1283	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	1	5	theme	organic	412:418	arg1	wastes					420:425	municipal organic wastes	402:425	municipal organic wastes	402:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	6	theme	NMR	650:652	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	6	theme	NMR	650:652	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	7	theme	magic-angle	629:639	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	7	theme	magic-angle	629:639	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	1	8	theme	tripalmitin	145:155	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	8	theme	tripalmitin	145:155	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	8	theme	tripalmitin	145:155	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	8	theme	tripalmitin	145:155	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	9	theme	ion	558:560	arg1	spectrometry					587:598	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	558:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	6	10	theme	starting	1688:1695	arg1	matter					1697:1702	the organic starting matter	1676:1702	the organic starting matter	1676:1702	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	6	11	theme	ultimate	1601:1608	arg1	goal					1610:1613	the ultimate goal	1597:1613	the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels	1597:1744	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	1	12	theme	reference	169:177	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	12	theme	reference	169:177	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	12	theme	reference	169:177	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	12	theme	reference	169:177	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	13	theme	resulting	726:734	arg1	phase					744:748	the resulting aqueous phase	722:748	the resulting aqueous phase	722:748	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	14	theme	resonance	572:580	arg1	spectrometry					587:598	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	558:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	1	15	theme	bio-oil	378:384	arg1	production					386:395	bio-oil production	378:395	bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes	378:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	3	16	theme	fatty	845:849	arg1	amides					856:861	fatty acid amides	845:861	fatty acid amides	845:861	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	2	17	theme	solid	751:755	arg1	characterisation					702:717	the molecular-level characterisation	682:717	the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase	682:748	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	17	theme	solid	751:755	arg1	residue					757:763	solid residue	751:763	solid residue	751:763	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	3	18	theme	reaction	802:809	arg1	pathways					811:818	The main reaction pathways	793:818	The main reaction pathways	793:818	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	0	19	theme	Bio-Oil	43:49	arg1	Complexity					29:38	the Complexity	25:38	the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes	25:69	A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes.
28004532	1	20	theme	HTL	296:298	arg1	conditions					301:310	hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions	269:310	hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions	269:310	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	21	theme	serum	121:125	arg1	BSA					136:138	BSA	136:138	BSA	136:138	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	21	theme	serum	121:125	arg1	albumin					127:133	bovine serum albumin	114:133	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	114:139	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	3	22	theme	Maillard-type	890:902	arg1	compounds					904:912	Maillard-type compounds	890:912	Maillard-type compounds	890:912	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	2	23	theme	elemental	459:467	arg1	analysis					469:476	elemental analysis	459:476	elemental analysis	459:476	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	23	theme	elemental	459:467	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	24	theme	phase	744:748	arg1	residue					757:763	solid residue	751:763	solid residue	751:763	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	24	theme	phase	744:748	arg1	bio-oil					769:775	bio-oil	769:775	bio-oil	769:775	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	24	theme	phase	744:748	arg1	characterisation					702:717	the molecular-level characterisation	682:717	the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase	682:748	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	5	25	theme	waste	1271:1275	arg1	biomass					1277:1283	municipal organic waste biomass	1253:1283	municipal organic waste biomass	1253:1283	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	0	26	theme	Organic	56:62	arg1	Wastes					64:69	Organic Wastes	56:69	Organic Wastes	56:69	A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes.
28004532	5	27	theme	molecular	1144:1152	arg1	composition					1154:1164	the molecular composition	1140:1164	the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds	1140:1209	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	3	28	theme	free	827:830	arg1	acids					838:842	free fatty acids	827:842	free fatty acids	827:842	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	3	29	theme	main	921:924	arg1	components					926:935	the main components	917:935	the main components of the bio-oil	917:950	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	4	30	theme	such	973:976	arg1	compounds					978:986	such compounds	973:986	such compounds	973:986	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	0	31	from	Complexity	29:38	arg1	Wastes					64:69	Organic Wastes	56:69	Organic Wastes	56:69	A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes.
28004532	1	32	theme	main	328:331	arg1	pathways					342:349	the main reaction pathways	324:349	the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes	324:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	33	theme	molecular-level	686:700	arg1	residue					757:763	solid residue	751:763	solid residue	751:763	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	33	theme	molecular-level	686:700	arg1	bio-oil					769:775	bio-oil	769:775	bio-oil	769:775	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	33	theme	molecular-level	686:700	arg1	characterisation					702:717	the molecular-level characterisation	682:717	the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase	682:748	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	1	34	theme	Binary	72:77	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	34	theme	Binary	72:77	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	34	theme	Binary	72:77	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	34	theme	Binary	72:77	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	3	35	theme	bio-oil	944:950	arg1	components					926:935	the main components	917:935	the main components of the bio-oil	917:950	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	5	36	theme	ion	1338:1340	arg1	spectra					1367:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	1	37	theme	ternary	83:89	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	37	theme	ternary	83:89	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	37	theme	ternary	83:89	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	37	theme	ternary	83:89	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	38	theme	bovine	114:119	arg1	BSA					136:138	BSA	136:138	BSA	136:138	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	38	theme	bovine	114:119	arg1	albumin					127:133	bovine serum albumin	114:133	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	114:139	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	5	39	theme	resonance	1352:1360	arg1	spectra					1367:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	6	40	theme	ternary	1435:1441	arg1	mixture					1443:1449	the ternary mixture	1431:1449	the ternary mixture	1431:1449	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	6	40	theme	ternary	1435:1441	arg1	model					1478:1482	a reliable biomass model	1459:1482	a reliable biomass model	1459:1482	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	5	41	from	composition	1154:1164	arg1	compounds					1201:1209	our reference compounds	1187:1209	our reference compounds	1187:1209	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	4	42	theme	biomass	1022:1028	arg1	components					1004:1013	the original components	991:1013	the original components of the biomass	991:1028	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	5	43	theme	bio-oils	1173:1180	arg1	composition					1154:1164	the molecular composition	1140:1164	the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds	1140:1209	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	4	44	theme	molecules	1106:1114	arg1	fate					1072:1075	the fate	1068:1075	the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular	1068:1128	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	2	45	theme	Several	428:434	arg1	analysis					469:476	elemental analysis	459:476	elemental analysis	459:476	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	45	theme	Several	428:434	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	45	theme	Several	428:434	arg1	photo-ionisation					507:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation	486:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	45	theme	Several	428:434	arg1	GC-MS					479:483	GC-MS	479:483	GC-MS	479:483	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	45	theme	Several	428:434	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	1	46	from	wastes	420:425	arg1	process					367:373	the process	363:373	the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes	363:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	46	from	wastes	420:425	arg1	production					386:395	bio-oil production	378:395	bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes	378:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	4	47	theme	original	995:1002	arg1	components					1004:1013	the original components	991:1013	the original components of the biomass	991:1028	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	1	48	theme	municipal	402:410	arg1	wastes					420:425	municipal organic wastes	402:425	municipal organic wastes	402:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	6	49	theme	biomass	1470:1476	arg1	mixture					1443:1449	the ternary mixture	1431:1449	the ternary mixture	1431:1449	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	6	49	theme	biomass	1470:1476	arg1	model					1478:1482	a reliable biomass model	1459:1482	a reliable biomass model	1459:1482	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	5	50	from	compounds	1201:1209	arg1	bio-oils					1173:1180	the bio-oils	1169:1180	the bio-oils from our reference compounds	1169:1209	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	5	50	from	compounds	1201:1209	arg1	composition					1154:1164	the molecular composition	1140:1164	the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds	1140:1209	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	2	51	theme	spinning	641:648	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	51	theme	spinning	641:648	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	1	52	theme	liquefaction	282:293	arg1	conditions					301:310	hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions	269:310	hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions	269:310	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	53	theme	cross-polarisation	610:627	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	53	theme	cross-polarisation	610:627	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	6	54	theme	degradation	1522:1532	arg1	mechanisms					1534:1543	the degradation mechanisms	1518:1543	the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels	1518:1744	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	6	55	theme	matter	1697:1702	arg1	input					1667:1671	the input	1663:1671	the input of the organic starting matter	1663:1702	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	6	55	theme	matter	1697:1702	arg1	steps					1727:1731	then the upgrading steps	1708:1731	then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels	1708:1744	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	1	56	theme	biomass	161:167	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	56	theme	biomass	161:167	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	56	theme	biomass	161:167	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	56	theme	biomass	161:167	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	57	theme	high-resolution	524:538	arg1	Fourier					540:546	high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	524:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	6	58	theme	organic	1680:1686	arg1	matter					1697:1702	the organic starting matter	1676:1702	the organic starting matter	1676:1702	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	2	59	theme	aqueous	736:742	arg1	phase					744:748	the resulting aqueous phase	722:748	the resulting aqueous phase	722:748	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	3	60	theme	main	797:800	arg1	pathways					811:818	The main reaction pathways	793:818	The main reaction pathways	793:818	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	2	61	theme	mass	582:585	arg1	spectrometry					587:598	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	558:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	1	62	theme	cellulose	103:111	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	62	theme	cellulose	103:111	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	62	theme	cellulose	103:111	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	62	theme	cellulose	103:111	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	2	63	theme	cyclotron	562:570	arg1	spectrometry					587:598	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	558:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	5	64	theme	high-resolution	1304:1318	arg1	Fourier					1320:1326	their high-resolution Fourier	1298:1326	their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1298:1373	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	1	65	theme	production	386:395	arg1	process					367:373	the process	363:373	the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes	363:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	6	66	theme	HTL	1577:1579	arg1	treatment					1581:1589	HTL treatment	1577:1589	HTL treatment	1577:1589	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	4	67	from	fate	1072:1075	arg1	particular					1119:1128	particular	1119:1128	particular	1119:1128	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	3	68	theme	acid	851:854	arg1	amides					856:861	fatty acid amides	845:861	fatty acid amides	845:861	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	4	69	theme	compounds	978:986	arg1	relationship					957:968	The relationship	953:968	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass	953:1028	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	5	70	theme	organic	1263:1269	arg1	biomass					1277:1283	municipal organic waste biomass	1253:1283	municipal organic waste biomass	1253:1283	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	1	71	from	process	367:373	arg1	wastes					420:425	municipal organic wastes	402:425	municipal organic wastes	402:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	72	theme	albumin	127:133	arg1	mixtures					91:98	Binary and ternary mixtures	72:98	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin	72:155	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	72	theme	albumin	127:133	arg1	triglycerides					221:233	triglycerides	221:233	triglycerides	221:233	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	72	theme	albumin	127:133	arg1	compounds					179:187	biomass reference compounds	161:187	biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates	161:205	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	1	72	theme	albumin	127:133	arg1	proteins					208:215	proteins	208:215	proteins	208:215	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	0	73	from	Wastes	64:69	arg1	Bio-Oil					43:49	Bio-Oil	43:49	Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes	43:69	A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes.
28004532	0	73	from	Wastes	64:69	arg1	Complexity					29:38	the Complexity	25:38	the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes	25:69	A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes.
28004532	2	74	dep	techniques	447:456	arg1	analysis					469:476	elemental analysis	459:476	elemental analysis	459:476	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	74	dep	techniques	447:456	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	74	dep	techniques	447:456	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	74	dep	techniques	447:456	arg1	GC-MS					479:483	GC-MS	479:483	GC-MS	479:483	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	74	dep	techniques	447:456	arg1	photo-ionisation					507:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation	486:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	75	theme	atmospheric-pressure	486:505	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	75	theme	atmospheric-pressure	486:505	arg1	photo-ionisation					507:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation	486:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	6	76	theme	upgrading	1717:1725	arg1	steps					1727:1731	then the upgrading steps	1708:1731	then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels	1708:1744	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	5	77	theme	mass	1362:1365	arg1	spectra					1367:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	3	78	theme	fatty	832:836	arg1	acids					838:842	free fatty acids	827:842	free fatty acids	827:842	The main reaction pathways led to free fatty acids, fatty acid amides, 2,5-diketopiperazines and Maillard-type compounds as the main components of the bio-oil.
28004532	6	79	theme	HTL	1630:1632	arg1	process					1634:1640	the HTL process	1626:1640	the HTL process itself	1626:1647	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	0	80	theme	Model	2:6	arg1	Study					8:12	A Model Study	0:12	A Model Study	0:12	A Model Study to Unravel the Complexity of Bio-Oil from Organic Wastes.
28004532	1	81	theme	reaction	333:340	arg1	pathways					342:349	the main reaction pathways	324:349	the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes	324:425	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	5	82	theme	reference	1191:1199	arg1	compounds					1201:1209	our reference compounds	1187:1209	our reference compounds	1187:1209	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	5	83	theme	cyclotron	1342:1350	arg1	spectra					1367:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra	1338:1373	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	2	84	dep	photo-ionisation	507:522	arg1	Fourier					540:546	high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	524:598	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	85	theme	analytical	436:445	arg1	analysis					469:476	elemental analysis	459:476	elemental analysis	459:476	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	85	theme	analytical	436:445	arg1	spectroscopy					654:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy	605:665	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	85	theme	analytical	436:445	arg1	photo-ionisation					507:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation	486:522	atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	486:598	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	85	theme	analytical	436:445	arg1	GC-MS					479:483	GC-MS	479:483	GC-MS	479:483	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	2	85	theme	analytical	436:445	arg1	techniques					447:456	Several analytical techniques	428:456	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy)	428:666	Several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, GC-MS, atmospheric-pressure photo-ionisation high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and 13 C cross-polarisation magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy) were used for the molecular-level characterisation of the resulting aqueous phase, solid residue and bio-oil, in particular.
28004532	5	86	theme	high	1407:1410	arg1	similarity					1412:1421	a surprisingly high similarity	1392:1421	a surprisingly high similarity	1392:1421	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
28004532	1	87	theme	hydrothermal	269:280	arg1	conditions					301:310	hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions	269:310	hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions	269:310	Binary and ternary mixtures of cellulose, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tripalmitin, as biomass reference compounds for carbohydrates, proteins and triglycerides, respectively, were treated under hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conditions to describe the main reaction pathways involved in the process of bio-oil production from municipal organic wastes.
28004532	6	88	theme	powerful	1493:1500	arg1	tool					1502:1505	a powerful tool	1491:1505	a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels	1491:1744	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	4	89	theme	heteroatom-containing	1084:1104	arg1	molecules					1106:1114	the heteroatom-containing molecules	1080:1114	the heteroatom-containing molecules	1080:1114	The relationship of such compounds to the original components of the biomass was thus determined, which highlights the fate of the heteroatom-containing molecules in particular.
28004532	6	90	theme	reliable	1461:1468	arg1	mixture					1443:1449	the ternary mixture	1431:1449	the ternary mixture	1431:1449	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	6	90	theme	reliable	1461:1468	arg1	model					1478:1482	a reliable biomass model	1459:1482	a reliable biomass model	1459:1482	Hence, the ternary mixture acts as a reliable biomass model and is a powerful tool to clarify the degradation mechanisms that occur in the biomass under HTL treatment, with the ultimate goal to improve the HTL process itself by modulating the input of the organic starting matter and then the upgrading steps to bio-fuels.
28004532	5	91	theme	municipal	1253:1261	arg1	biomass					1277:1283	municipal organic waste biomass	1253:1283	municipal organic waste biomass	1253:1283	Finally, the molecular composition of the bio-oils from our reference compounds was matched with that of the bio-oil from municipal organic waste biomass by comparing their high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra, and we obtained a surprisingly high similarity.
24739627	7	0	theme	redundancy	1550:1559	arg1	degree					1518:1523	a high degree	1511:1523	a high degree of recognised functional redundancy	1511:1559	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	4	1	theme	community	896:904	arg1	composition					906:916	community composition	896:916	community composition	896:916	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	8	2	theme	larger	1697:1702	arg1	role					1704:1707	a larger role	1695:1707	a larger role	1695:1707	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	1	3	theme	theory	256:261	arg1	role					230:233	the relative role	217:233	the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly	217:293	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	7	4	from	changes	1586:1592	arg1	populations					1597:1607	populations	1597:1607	populations	1597:1607	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	7	4	from	changes	1586:1592	arg1	divergence					1623:1632	community divergence	1613:1632	community divergence	1613:1632	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	7	5	theme	recognised	1528:1537	arg1	redundancy					1550:1559	recognised functional redundancy	1528:1559	recognised functional redundancy	1528:1559	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	5	6	from	reactors	1300:1307	arg1	stable					1286:1291	stable	1286:1291	stable	1286:1291	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	3	7	theme	10-day	721:726	arg1	time					748:751	a 10-day hydraulic residence time	719:751	a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions	719:779	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	5	8	from	emergence	1196:1204	arg1	day					1183:1185	day 148	1183:1189	day 148	1183:1189	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	3	9	theme	independent	558:568	arg1	digesters					590:598	three independent replicate anaerobic digesters	552:598	three independent replicate anaerobic digesters	552:598	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	8	10	theme	controlled	1779:1788	arg1	conditions					1790:1799	controlled conditions	1779:1799	controlled conditions	1779:1799	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	1	11	theme	microbial	266:274	arg1	assembly					286:293	microbial community assembly	266:293	microbial community assembly	266:293	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	4	12	theme	large	866:870	arg1	decrease					939:946	an overall decrease	928:946	an overall decrease in richness	928:958	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	4	12	theme	large	866:870	arg1	changes					885:891	large reproducible changes	866:891	large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness	866:958	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	5	13	theme	Clostridium	1211:1221	arg1	phylotype					1240:1248	a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype	1209:1248	phylotype	1240:1248	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	14	from	stable	1286:1291	arg1	reactors					1300:1307	all reactors	1296:1307	all reactors	1296:1307	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	7	15	theme	Neutral	1452:1458	arg1	theory					1460:1465	Neutral theory	1452:1465	Neutral theory	1452:1465	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	1	16	theme	replicate	109:117	arg1	experiment					129:138	A replicate long-term experiment	107:138	A replicate long-term experiment	107:138	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	3	17	theme	residence	738:746	arg1	time					748:751	a 10-day hydraulic residence time	719:751	a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions	719:779	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	5	18	theme	synchronised	1109:1120	arg1	emergence					1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	3	19	theme	anaerobic	580:588	arg1	digesters					590:598	three independent replicate anaerobic digesters	552:598	three independent replicate anaerobic digesters	552:598	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	4	20	theme	first	967:971	arg1	month					973:977	the first month	963:977	the first month of operation	963:990	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	0	21	theme	long-term	30:38	arg1	dynamics					64:71	long-term synchronised population dynamics	30:71	long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters	30:104	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	1	22	theme	relative	221:228	arg1	role					230:233	the relative role	217:233	the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly	217:293	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	4	23	theme	overall	931:937	arg1	decrease					939:946	an overall decrease	928:946	an overall decrease in richness	928:958	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	1	24	from	role	230:233	arg1	assembly					286:293	microbial community assembly	266:293	microbial community assembly	266:293	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	6	25	theme	functional	1347:1356	arg1	niches					1358:1363	many dynamic functional niches	1334:1363	many dynamic functional niches	1334:1363	These data suggest that many dynamic functional niches are predictably filled by phylogenetically coherent populations over long time scales.
24739627	8	26	theme	structural	1850:1859	arg1	changes					1876:1882	community structural and functional changes	1840:1882	community structural and functional changes	1840:1882	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	6	27	theme	many	1334:1337	arg1	niches					1358:1363	many dynamic functional niches	1334:1363	many dynamic functional niches	1334:1363	These data suggest that many dynamic functional niches are predictably filled by phylogenetically coherent populations over long time scales.
24739627	7	28	theme	complex	1488:1494	arg1	community					1496:1504	a complex community	1486:1504	a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy	1486:1559	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	8	29	theme	functional	1865:1874	arg1	changes					1876:1882	community structural and functional changes	1840:1882	community structural and functional changes	1840:1882	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	3	30	dep	independent	558:568	arg1	replicate					570:578	replicate	570:578	replicate	570:578	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	2	31	theme	functional	518:527	arg1	guilds					529:534	different functional guilds	508:534	different functional guilds	508:534	AD is performed by a complex network of microorganisms and process stability relies entirely on the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds.
24739627	4	32	theme	population	1018:1027	arg1	dynamics					1029:1036	synchronised population dynamics	1005:1036	synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance	1005:1088	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	6	33	theme	long	1434:1437	arg1	scales					1444:1449	long time scales	1434:1449	long time scales	1434:1449	These data suggest that many dynamic functional niches are predictably filled by phylogenetically coherent populations over long time scales.
24739627	5	34	from	decline	1136:1142	arg1	day					1183:1185	day 148	1183:1189	day 148	1183:1189	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	4	35	from	changes	885:891	arg1	composition					906:916	community composition	896:916	community composition	896:916	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	1	36	theme	anaerobic	160:168	arg1	process					196:202	a model process	188:202	a model process	188:202	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	1	36	theme	anaerobic	160:168	arg1	AD					181:182	AD	181:182	AD	181:182	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	1	36	theme	anaerobic	160:168	arg1	digestion					170:178	anaerobic digestion	160:178	anaerobic digestion (AD)	160:183	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	0	37	from	dynamics	64:71	arg1	digesters					96:104	replicate anaerobic digesters	76:104	replicate anaerobic digesters	76:104	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	5	38	from	emergence	1122:1130	arg1	day					1183:1185	day 148	1183:1189	day 148	1183:1189	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	39	theme	Ruminococcus	1156:1167	arg1	phylotypes					1169:1178	distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes	1147:1178	distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148	1147:1189	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	4	40	from	changes	1059:1065	arg1	performance					1078:1088	reactor performance	1070:1088	reactor performance	1070:1088	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	2	41	theme	complex	371:377	arg1	network					379:385	a complex network	369:385	a complex network of microorganisms	369:403	AD is performed by a complex network of microorganisms and process stability relies entirely on the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds.
24739627	0	42	theme	Deterministic	0:12	arg1	processes					14:22	Deterministic processes	0:22	Deterministic processes	0:22	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	1	43	theme	community	276:284	arg1	assembly					286:293	microbial community assembly	266:293	microbial community assembly	266:293	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	0	44	dep	digesters	96:104	arg1	replicate					76:84	replicate	76:84	replicate	76:84	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	5	45	theme	Methanosaeta	1227:1238	arg1	phylotype					1240:1248	a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype	1209:1248	phylotype	1240:1248	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	0	46	theme	synchronised	40:51	arg1	dynamics					64:71	long-term synchronised population dynamics	30:71	long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters	30:104	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	7	47	with	community	1496:1504	arg1	degree					1518:1523	a high degree	1511:1523	a high degree of recognised functional redundancy	1511:1559	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	1	48	theme	community	308:316	arg1	dynamics					318:325	community dynamics	308:325	community dynamics	308:325	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	8	49	theme	microbial	1712:1720	arg1	dynamics					1732:1739	microbial community dynamics	1712:1739	microbial community dynamics	1712:1739	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	8	50	theme	deterministic	1662:1674	arg1	processes					1676:1684	deterministic processes	1662:1684	deterministic processes	1662:1684	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	4	51	theme	operational	816:826	arg1	conditions					828:837	the operational conditions	812:837	the operational conditions	812:837	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	1	52	theme	niche	238:242	arg1	role					230:233	the relative role	217:233	the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly	217:293	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	7	53	theme	functional	1539:1548	arg1	redundancy					1550:1559	recognised functional redundancy	1528:1559	recognised functional redundancy	1528:1559	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	5	54	dep	emergence	1122:1130	arg1	the					1105:1107	the	1105:1107	the	1105:1107	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	1	55	theme	neutral	248:254	arg1	theory					256:261	neutral theory	248:261	neutral theory	248:261	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	7	56	theme	high	1513:1516	arg1	degree					1518:1523	a high degree	1511:1523	a high degree of recognised functional redundancy	1511:1559	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	3	57	theme	hydraulic	728:736	arg1	time					748:751	a 10-day hydraulic residence time	719:751	a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions	719:779	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	5	58	from	day	1183:1185	arg1	emergence					1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	58	from	day	1183:1185	arg1	phylotypes					1169:1178	distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes	1147:1178	distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148	1147:1189	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	58	from	day	1183:1185	arg1	emergence					1196:1204	emergence	1196:1204	emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype	1196:1248	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	58	from	day	1183:1185	arg1	decline					1136:1142	decline	1136:1142	decline	1136:1142	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	1	59	theme	model	190:194	arg1	process					196:202	a model process	188:202	a model process	188:202	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	1	59	theme	model	190:194	arg1	digestion					170:178	anaerobic digestion	160:178	anaerobic digestion (AD)	160:183	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	3	60	theme	mesophilic	759:768	arg1	conditions					770:779	mesophilic conditions	759:779	mesophilic conditions	759:779	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	6	61	theme	dynamic	1339:1345	arg1	niches					1358:1363	many dynamic functional niches	1334:1363	many dynamic functional niches	1334:1363	These data suggest that many dynamic functional niches are predictably filled by phylogenetically coherent populations over long time scales.
24739627	4	62	from	decrease	939:946	arg1	richness					951:958	richness	951:958	richness	951:958	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	8	63	theme	community	1840:1848	arg1	changes					1876:1882	community structural and functional changes	1840:1882	community structural and functional changes	1840:1882	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	0	64	theme	anaerobic	86:94	arg1	digesters					96:104	replicate anaerobic digesters	76:104	replicate anaerobic digesters	76:104	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	3	65	theme	diverse	626:632	arg1	inoculum					634:641	the same diverse inoculum	617:641	the same diverse inoculum	617:641	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	2	66	theme	different	508:516	arg1	guilds					529:534	different functional guilds	508:534	different functional guilds	508:534	AD is performed by a complex network of microorganisms and process stability relies entirely on the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds.
24739627	6	67	theme	time	1439:1442	arg1	scales					1444:1449	long time scales	1434:1449	long time scales	1434:1449	These data suggest that many dynamic functional niches are predictably filled by phylogenetically coherent populations over long time scales.
24739627	1	68	theme	system	330:335	arg1	performance					337:347	system performance	330:347	system performance	330:347	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	4	69	theme	synchronised	1005:1016	arg1	dynamics					1029:1036	synchronised population dynamics	1005:1036	synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance	1005:1088	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	7	70	theme	community	1613:1621	arg1	divergence					1623:1632	community divergence	1613:1632	community divergence	1613:1632	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	6	71	theme	coherent	1408:1415	arg1	populations					1417:1427	phylogenetically coherent populations	1391:1427	phylogenetically coherent populations	1391:1427	These data suggest that many dynamic functional niches are predictably filled by phylogenetically coherent populations over long time scales.
24739627	5	72	theme	distinct	1147:1154	arg1	phylotypes					1169:1178	distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes	1147:1178	distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148	1147:1189	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	4	73	theme	operation	982:990	arg1	month					973:977	the first month	963:977	the first month of operation	963:990	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	4	74	theme	Selective	782:790	arg1	pressure					792:799	Selective pressure	782:799	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate	782:857	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	5	75	theme	phylotypes	1169:1178	arg1	emergence					1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	75	theme	phylotypes	1169:1178	arg1	emergence					1196:1204	emergence	1196:1204	emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype	1196:1248	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	75	theme	phylotypes	1169:1178	arg1	decline					1136:1142	decline	1136:1142	decline	1136:1142	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	4	76	dep	large	866:870	arg1	reproducible					872:883	reproducible	872:883	reproducible	872:883	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	1	77	theme	long-term	119:127	arg1	experiment					129:138	A replicate long-term experiment	107:138	A replicate long-term experiment	107:138	A replicate long-term experiment was conducted using anaerobic digestion (AD) as a model process to determine the relative role of niche and neutral theory on microbial community assembly, and to link community dynamics to system performance.
24739627	4	78	theme	reactor	1070:1076	arg1	performance					1078:1088	reactor performance	1070:1088	reactor performance	1070:1088	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	3	79	theme	model	660:664	arg1	α-cellulose					677:687	α-cellulose	677:687	α-cellulose	677:687	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	3	79	theme	model	660:664	arg1	substrate					666:674	a model substrate	658:674	a model substrate	658:674	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24739627	2	80	theme	process	409:415	arg1	stability					417:425	process stability	409:425	process stability	409:425	AD is performed by a complex network of microorganisms and process stability relies entirely on the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds.
24739627	0	81	theme	population	53:62	arg1	dynamics					64:71	long-term synchronised population dynamics	30:71	long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters	30:104	Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters.
24739627	5	82	theme	phylotype	1240:1248	arg1	emergence					1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	emergence	1122:1130	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	82	theme	phylotype	1240:1248	arg1	emergence					1196:1204	emergence	1196:1204	emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype	1196:1248	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	5	82	theme	phylotype	1240:1248	arg1	decline					1136:1142	decline	1136:1142	decline	1136:1142	This included the synchronised emergence and decline of distinct Ruminococcus phylotypes at day 148, and emergence of a Clostridium and Methanosaeta phylotype at day 178, when performance became stable in all reactors.
24739627	2	83	theme	microorganisms	390:403	arg1	network					379:385	a complex network	369:385	a complex network of microorganisms	369:403	AD is performed by a complex network of microorganisms and process stability relies entirely on the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds.
24739627	2	84	theme	synergistic	450:460	arg1	interactions					462:473	the synergistic interactions	446:473	the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds	446:534	AD is performed by a complex network of microorganisms and process stability relies entirely on the synergistic interactions between populations belonging to different functional guilds.
24739627	4	85	theme	model	843:847	arg1	substrate					849:857	model substrate	843:857	model substrate	843:857	Selective pressure imposed by the operational conditions and model substrate caused large reproducible changes in community composition including an overall decrease in richness in the first month of operation, followed by synchronised population dynamics that correlated with changes in reactor performance.
24739627	8	86	theme	community	1722:1730	arg1	dynamics					1732:1739	microbial community dynamics	1712:1739	microbial community dynamics	1712:1739	We conclude that deterministic processes may play a larger role in microbial community dynamics than currently appreciated, and under controlled conditions it may be possible to reliably predict community structural and functional changes over time.
24739627	7	87	theme	stochastic	1575:1584	arg1	changes					1586:1592	stochastic changes	1575:1592	stochastic changes in populations and community divergence	1575:1632	Neutral theory would predict that a complex community with a high degree of recognised functional redundancy would lead to stochastic changes in populations and community divergence over time.
24739627	3	88	theme	same	621:624	arg1	inoculum					634:641	the same diverse inoculum	617:641	the same diverse inoculum	617:641	In this study, three independent replicate anaerobic digesters were seeded with the same diverse inoculum, supplied with a model substrate, α-cellulose, and operated for 362 days at a 10-day hydraulic residence time under mesophilic conditions.
24293388	6	0	theme	mesenchymal	866:876	arg1	cells					883:887	rat mesenchymal stem cells	862:887	rat mesenchymal stem cells	862:887	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	11	1	with	Success	1908:1914	arg1	materials					1925:1933	raw materials	1921:1933	raw materials	1921:1933	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	10	2	theme	promising	1805:1813	arg1	candidates					1815:1824	promising candidates	1805:1824	promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors	1805:1905	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	10	2	theme	promising	1805:1813	arg1	materials					1791:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	2	3	theme	bioactive	273:281	arg1	BG					290:291	BG	290:291	BG	290:291	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	2	3	theme	bioactive	273:281	arg1	glass					283:287	bioactive glass	273:287	bioactive glass (BG)	273:292	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	11	4	theme	faster	2021:2026	arg1	approval					2039:2046	faster regulatory approval	2021:2046	faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic	2021:2121	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	11	5	theme	rapid	2057:2061	arg1	translation					2063:2073	more rapid translation	2052:2073	more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic	2052:2121	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	1	6	with	Scaffolds	87:95	arg1	gradients					113:121	continuous gradients	102:121	continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals	102:167	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	9	7	theme	extracellular	1588:1600	arg1	components					1615:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	6	8	theme	growth	1087:1092	arg1	TGF					1102:1104	TGF	1102:1104	TGF	1102:1104	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	8	theme	growth	1087:1092	arg1	factor					1094:1099	transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3	1074:1108	transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3	1074:1108	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	11	9	theme	lower	2006:2010	arg1	cost					2012:2015	lower cost	2006:2015	lower cost	2006:2015	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	11	10	theme	growth	1946:1951	arg1	factors					1953:1959	growth factors	1946:1959	growth factors	1946:1959	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	10	11	used	used	1867:1870	arg2	materials					1791:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	10	11	used	used	1867:1870	arg2	candidates					1815:1824	promising candidates	1805:1824	promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors	1805:1905	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	11	12	theme	raw	1921:1923	arg1	materials					1925:1933	raw materials	1921:1933	raw materials	1921:1933	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	1	13	theme	properties	199:208	arg1	transition					185:194	a smooth transition	176:194	a smooth transition of properties at the interface	176:225	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	6	14	theme	several	901:907	arg1	instances					909:917	several instances	901:917	several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	901:1146	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	8	15	theme	CS/TGF-β3	1327:1335	arg1	gradients					1314:1322	opposing gradients	1305:1322	opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2	1305:1348	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	4	16	theme	material	604:611	arg1	encapsulation					613:625	Raw material encapsulation	600:625	Raw material encapsulation	600:625	Raw material encapsulation altered the appearance, structure, porosity, and degradation of the scaffolds.
24293388	9	17	with	combination	1688:1698	arg1	factors					1712:1718	growth factors	1705:1718	growth factors	1705:1718	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	11	18	theme	profound	1972:1979	arg1	implications					1981:1992	profound implications	1972:1992	profound implications	1972:1992	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	8	19	theme	BG/BMP-2	1341:1348	arg1	gradients					1314:1322	opposing gradients	1305:1322	opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2	1305:1348	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	11	20	contain	have	1967:1970	arg2	implications					1981:1992	profound implications	1972:1992	profound implications	1972:1992	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	11	20	contain	have	1967:1970	arg1	Success					1908:1914	Success	1908:1914	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors	1908:1959	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	9	21	dep	combination	1688:1698	arg1	enhance					1729:1735	enhance	1729:1735	can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins	1725:1784	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	3	22	theme	components	529:538	arg1	gradients					512:520	gradients	512:520	gradients of ECM components	512:538	We hypothesized that scaffolds with gradients of ECM components would enable superior performance of engineered constructs.
24293388	6	23	theme	cells	883:887	arg1	seeding					851:857	seeding	851:857	seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells	851:887	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	8	24	theme	clear	1359:1363	arg1	variations					1374:1383	clear regional variations	1359:1383	clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM	1359:1423	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	7	25	theme	collagen	1240:1247	arg1	type					1249:1252	collagen type II	1240:1255	collagen type II	1240:1255	It was also noteworthy that a combination of both CS and TGF-β3 increased the secretion of collagen type II.
24293388	9	26	dep	demonstrated	1436:1447	arg1	have					1463:1466	have	1463:1466	have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells	1463:1529	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	9	26	dep	demonstrated	1436:1447	arg1	enhance					1555:1561	enhance	1555:1561	can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors	1537:1666	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	9	26	dep	demonstrated	1436:1447	arg1	alone					1676:1680	alone	1676:1680	alone	1676:1680	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	9	26	dep	demonstrated	1436:1447	arg1	combination					1688:1698	combination	1688:1698	combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins	1688:1784	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	3	27	theme	engineered	577:586	arg1	constructs					588:597	engineered constructs	577:597	engineered constructs	577:597	We hypothesized that scaffolds with gradients of ECM components would enable superior performance of engineered constructs.
24293388	5	28	from	cells	823:827	arg1	culture					832:838	culture	832:838	culture	832:838	They allowed the scaffolds to better retain their 3D structure during culture and provided a buffering effect to the cells in culture.
24293388	1	29	theme	material	126:133	arg1	composition					135:145	material composition	126:145	material composition	126:145	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	9	30	theme	growth	1653:1658	arg1	factors					1660:1666	expensive growth factors	1643:1666	expensive growth factors	1643:1666	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	2	31	theme	chondroitin	244:254	arg1	sulfate					256:262	chondroitin sulfate	244:262	chondroitin sulfate (CS)	244:267	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	2	31	theme	chondroitin	244:254	arg1	CS					265:266	CS	265:266	CS	265:266	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	6	32	theme	collagen	950:957	arg1	contents					971:978	glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents	925:978	glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents	925:978	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	11	33	theme	products	2100:2107	arg1	translation					2063:2073	more rapid translation	2052:2073	more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic	2052:2121	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	0	34	theme	osteochondral	53:65	arg1	scaffolds					76:84	3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds	50:84	3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds	50:84	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials" in 3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds.
24293388	7	35	theme	type	1249:1252	arg1	secretion					1227:1235	the secretion	1223:1235	the secretion of collagen type II	1223:1255	It was also noteworthy that a combination of both CS and TGF-β3 increased the secretion of collagen type II.
24293388	8	36	from	variations	1374:1383	arg1	secretion					1392:1400	the secretion	1388:1400	the secretion of tissue-specific ECM	1388:1423	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	9	37	theme	raw	1449:1451	arg1	materials					1453:1461	raw materials	1449:1461	raw materials	1449:1461	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	2	38	theme	expensive	450:458	arg1	factors					467:473	expensive growth factors	450:473	expensive growth factors	450:473	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	8	39	theme	ECM	1421:1423	arg1	secretion					1392:1400	the secretion	1388:1400	the secretion of tissue-specific ECM	1388:1423	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	4	40	theme	scaffolds	695:703	arg1	porosity					662:669	porosity	662:669	porosity	662:669	Raw material encapsulation altered the appearance, structure, porosity, and degradation of the scaffolds.
24293388	4	40	theme	scaffolds	695:703	arg1	degradation					676:686	degradation	676:686	degradation	676:686	Raw material encapsulation altered the appearance, structure, porosity, and degradation of the scaffolds.
24293388	4	40	theme	scaffolds	695:703	arg1	structure					651:659	structure	651:659	structure	651:659	Raw material encapsulation altered the appearance, structure, porosity, and degradation of the scaffolds.
24293388	4	40	theme	scaffolds	695:703	arg1	appearance					639:648	appearance	639:648	appearance	639:648	Raw material encapsulation altered the appearance, structure, porosity, and degradation of the scaffolds.
24293388	7	41	theme	TGF-β3	1206:1211	arg1	combination					1179:1189	a combination	1177:1189	a combination of both CS and TGF-β3	1177:1211	It was also noteworthy that a combination of both CS and TGF-β3 increased the secretion of collagen type II.
24293388	8	42	contain	containing	1294:1303	arg2	gradients					1314:1322	opposing gradients	1305:1322	opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2	1305:1348	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	8	42	contain	containing	1294:1303	arg1	scaffolds					1284:1292	scaffolds	1284:1292	scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2	1284:1348	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	7	43	theme	CS	1199:1200	arg1	combination					1179:1189	a combination	1177:1189	a combination of both CS and TGF-β3	1177:1211	It was also noteworthy that a combination of both CS and TGF-β3 increased the secretion of collagen type II.
24293388	11	44	theme	regenerative	2078:2089	arg1	products					2100:2107	regenerative medicine products	2078:2107	regenerative medicine products	2078:2107	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	2	45	theme	extracellular	360:372	arg1	ECM					382:384	ECM	382:384	ECM	382:384	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	2	45	theme	extracellular	360:372	arg1	matrix					374:379	new extracellular matrix	356:379	new extracellular matrix (ECM)	356:385	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	9	46	theme	favorable	1494:1502	arg1	microenvironment					1504:1519	a favorable microenvironment	1492:1519	a favorable microenvironment for cells	1492:1529	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	5	47	theme	3D	756:757	arg1	structure					759:767	their 3D structure	750:767	their 3D structure	750:767	They allowed the scaffolds to better retain their 3D structure during culture and provided a buffering effect to the cells in culture.
24293388	11	48	theme	regulatory	2028:2037	arg1	approval					2039:2046	faster regulatory approval	2021:2046	faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic	2021:2121	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	10	49	theme	Raw	1787:1789	arg1	candidates					1815:1824	promising candidates	1805:1824	promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors	1805:1905	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	10	49	theme	Raw	1787:1789	arg1	materials					1791:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	8	50	theme	opposing	1305:1312	arg1	gradients					1314:1322	opposing gradients	1305:1322	opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2	1305:1348	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	9	51	theme	specific	1761:1768	arg1	proteins					1777:1784	tissue specific matrix proteins	1754:1784	tissue specific matrix proteins	1754:1784	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	9	52	contain	have	1463:1466	arg1	materials					1453:1461	raw materials	1449:1461	raw materials	1449:1461	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	9	52	contain	have	1463:1466	arg2	potential					1472:1480	the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells	1468:1529	the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells	1468:1529	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	2	53	theme	materials	328:336	arg1	"					337:337	"raw materials"	323:337	"raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM)	323:385	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	10	54	used	used	1838:1841	arg2	materials					1791:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials	1787:1799	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	10	54	used	used	1838:1841	arg2	candidates					1815:1824	promising candidates	1805:1824	promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors	1805:1905	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	6	55	theme	stem	878:881	arg1	cells					883:887	rat mesenchymal stem cells	862:887	rat mesenchymal stem cells	862:887	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	9	56	theme	proteins	1777:1784	arg1	secretion					1741:1749	the secretion	1737:1749	the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins	1737:1784	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	6	57	theme	rat	862:864	arg1	cells					883:887	rat mesenchymal stem cells	862:887	rat mesenchymal stem cells	862:887	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	11	58	theme	cost	2012:2015	arg1	approval					2039:2046	faster regulatory approval	2021:2046	faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic	2021:2121	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	11	58	theme	cost	2012:2015	arg1	terms					1997:2001	terms	1997:2001	terms of lower cost	1997:2015	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	6	59	contain	containing	1063:1072	arg1	those					1057:1061	those	1057:1061	those	1057:1061	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	59	contain	containing	1063:1072	arg2	BMP					1141:1143	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	59	contain	containing	1063:1072	arg2	factor					1094:1099	transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3	1074:1108	transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3	1074:1108	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	59	contain	containing	1063:1072	arg2	TGF					1102:1104	TGF	1102:1104	TGF	1102:1104	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	0	60	theme	materials	36:44	arg1	potential					4:12	The potential	0:12	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials	0:44	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials" in 3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds.
24293388	9	61	theme	certain	1580:1586	arg1	components					1615:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	2	62	contain	have	396:399	arg1	Components					228:237	Components	228:237	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds	228:308	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	2	62	contain	have	396:399	arg2	potential					405:413	the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors	401:473	the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors	401:473	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	1	63	theme	smooth	178:183	arg1	transition					185:194	a smooth transition	176:194	a smooth transition of properties at the interface	176:225	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	8	64	theme	tissue-specific	1405:1419	arg1	ECM					1421:1423	tissue-specific ECM	1405:1423	tissue-specific ECM	1405:1423	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	6	65	theme	glycosaminoglycan	925:941	arg1	contents					971:978	glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents	925:978	glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents	925:978	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	9	66	theme	matrix	1602:1607	arg1	components					1615:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	6	67	theme	transforming	1074:1085	arg1	TGF					1102:1104	TGF	1102:1104	TGF	1102:1104	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	67	theme	transforming	1074:1085	arg1	factor					1094:1099	transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3	1074:1108	transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3	1074:1108	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	9	68	theme	ECM	1610:1612	arg1	components					1615:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1580:1624	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	5	69	theme	buffering	799:807	arg1	effect					809:814	a buffering effect	797:814	a buffering effect	797:814	They allowed the scaffolds to better retain their 3D structure during culture and provided a buffering effect to the cells in culture.
24293388	9	70	theme	components	1615:1624	arg1	synthesis					1567:1575	the synthesis	1563:1575	the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components	1563:1624	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	4	71	theme	Raw	600:602	arg1	encapsulation					613:625	Raw material encapsulation	600:625	Raw material encapsulation	600:625	Raw material encapsulation altered the appearance, structure, porosity, and degradation of the scaffolds.
24293388	3	72	theme	ECM	525:527	arg1	components					529:538	ECM components	525:538	ECM components	525:538	We hypothesized that scaffolds with gradients of ECM components would enable superior performance of engineered constructs.
24293388	1	73	theme	continuous	102:111	arg1	gradients					113:121	continuous gradients	102:121	continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals	102:167	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	8	74	theme	regional	1365:1372	arg1	variations					1374:1383	clear regional variations	1359:1383	clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM	1359:1423	Moreover, cells seeded in scaffolds containing opposing gradients of CS/TGF-β3 and BG/BMP-2 produced clear regional variations in the secretion of tissue-specific ECM.
24293388	6	75	theme	protein	1132:1138	arg1	BMP					1141:1143	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	1	76	from	interface	217:225	arg1	transition					185:194	a smooth transition	176:194	a smooth transition of properties at the interface	176:225	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	6	77	theme	calcium	963:969	arg1	contents					971:978	glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents	925:978	glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents	925:978	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	9	78	theme	expensive	1643:1651	arg1	factors					1660:1666	expensive growth factors	1643:1666	expensive growth factors	1643:1666	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	6	79	theme	bone	1113:1116	arg1	BMP					1141:1143	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	0	80	theme	3D	50:51	arg1	scaffolds					76:84	3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds	50:84	3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds	50:84	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials" in 3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds.
24293388	3	81	theme	superior	553:560	arg1	performance					562:572	superior performance	553:572	superior performance of engineered constructs	553:597	We hypothesized that scaffolds with gradients of ECM components would enable superior performance of engineered constructs.
24293388	10	82	with	combination	1875:1885	arg1	factors					1899:1905	growth factors	1892:1905	growth factors	1892:1905	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	10	83	theme	growth	1892:1897	arg1	factors					1899:1905	growth factors	1892:1905	growth factors	1892:1905	Raw materials are promising candidates that can be used to either replace or be used in combination with growth factors.
24293388	0	84	theme	gradient	67:74	arg1	scaffolds					76:84	3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds	50:84	3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds	50:84	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials" in 3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds.
24293388	1	85	theme	bioactive	151:159	arg1	signals					161:167	bioactive signals	151:167	bioactive signals	151:167	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	6	86	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg1	scaffolds					1001:1009	the scaffolds	997:1009	the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG)	997:1045	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	86	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg2	CS					1037:1038	CS	1037:1038	CS	1037:1038	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	86	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg2	BG					1043:1044	BG	1043:1044	BG	1043:1044	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	86	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg2	materials					1026:1034	raw materials	1022:1034	raw materials (CS or BG)	1022:1045	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	2	87	theme	growth	460:465	arg1	factors					467:473	expensive growth factors	450:473	expensive growth factors	450:473	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	6	88	theme	raw	1022:1024	arg1	CS					1037:1038	CS	1037:1038	CS	1037:1038	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	88	theme	raw	1022:1024	arg1	materials					1026:1034	raw materials	1022:1034	raw materials (CS or BG)	1022:1045	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	88	theme	raw	1022:1024	arg1	BG					1043:1044	BG	1043:1044	BG	1043:1044	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	3	89	with	scaffolds	497:505	arg1	gradients					512:520	gradients	512:520	gradients of ECM components	512:538	We hypothesized that scaffolds with gradients of ECM components would enable superior performance of engineered constructs.
24293388	2	90	from	Components	228:237	arg1	scaffolds					300:308	3D scaffolds	297:308	3D scaffolds	297:308	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	9	91	theme	growth	1705:1710	arg1	factors					1712:1718	growth factors	1705:1718	growth factors	1705:1718	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	0	92	theme	encapsulating	17:29	arg1	materials					36:44	encapsulating "raw materials	17:44	encapsulating "raw materials	17:44	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials" in 3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds.
24293388	1	93	from	gradients	113:121	arg1	composition					135:145	material composition	126:145	material composition	126:145	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	1	93	from	gradients	113:121	arg1	signals					161:167	bioactive signals	151:167	bioactive signals	151:167	Scaffolds with continuous gradients in material composition and bioactive signals enable a smooth transition of properties at the interface.
24293388	2	94	theme	matrix	374:379	arg1	synthesis					343:351	synthesis	343:351	synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM)	343:385	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	0	95	theme	raw	32:34	arg1	materials					36:44	encapsulating "raw materials	17:44	encapsulating "raw materials	17:44	The potential of encapsulating "raw materials" in 3D osteochondral gradient scaffolds.
24293388	11	96	theme	medicine	2091:2098	arg1	products					2100:2107	regenerative medicine products	2078:2107	regenerative medicine products	2078:2107	Success with raw materials in lieu of growth factors could have profound implications in terms of lower cost and faster regulatory approval for more rapid translation of regenerative medicine products to the clinic.
24293388	3	97	theme	constructs	588:597	arg1	performance					562:572	superior performance	553:572	superior performance of engineered constructs	553:597	We hypothesized that scaffolds with gradients of ECM components would enable superior performance of engineered constructs.
24293388	6	98	dep	materials	1026:1034	arg1	CS					1037:1038	CS	1037:1038	CS	1037:1038	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	98	dep	materials	1026:1034	arg1	materials					1026:1034	raw materials	1022:1034	raw materials (CS or BG)	1022:1045	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	6	98	dep	materials	1026:1034	arg1	BG					1043:1044	BG	1043:1044	BG	1043:1044	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
24293388	2	99	theme	new	356:358	arg1	ECM					382:384	ECM	382:384	ECM	382:384	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	2	99	theme	new	356:358	arg1	matrix					374:379	new extracellular matrix	356:379	new extracellular matrix (ECM)	356:385	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	2	100	theme	raw	324:326	arg1	materials					328:336	raw materials	324:336	"raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM)	323:385	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	9	101	theme	tissue	1754:1759	arg1	proteins					1777:1784	tissue specific matrix proteins	1754:1784	tissue specific matrix proteins	1754:1784	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	2	102	theme	3D	297:298	arg1	scaffolds					300:308	3D scaffolds	297:308	3D scaffolds	297:308	Components like chondroitin sulfate (CS) and bioactive glass (BG) in 3D scaffolds may serve as "raw materials" for synthesis of new extracellular matrix (ECM), and may have the potential to completely or partially replace expensive growth factors.
24293388	9	103	theme	matrix	1770:1775	arg1	proteins					1777:1784	tissue specific matrix proteins	1754:1784	tissue specific matrix proteins	1754:1784	The study demonstrated raw materials have the potential to create a favorable microenvironment for cells; they can significantly enhance the synthesis of certain extracellular matrix (ECM) components when compared to expensive growth factors; either alone or in combination with growth factors they can enhance the secretion of tissue specific matrix proteins.
24293388	6	104	theme	morphogenetic	1118:1130	arg1	BMP					1141:1143	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2	1113:1146	Following seeding of rat mesenchymal stem cells, there were several instances where glycosaminoglycan (GAG), collagen, or calcium contents were higher with the scaffolds containing raw materials (CS or BG) than with those containing transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2.
26173584	5	0	theme	liposomes	1139:1147	arg1	morphology					1125:1134	the morphology	1121:1134	the morphology of liposomes	1121:1147	Microscopic observations revealed that chitosan adsorption not only affected the morphology of liposomes but also modulated the particle aggregation and fusion.
26173584	2	1	with	interaction	446:456	arg1	chitosan					463:470	chitosan	463:470	chitosan	463:470	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	2	2	dep	providing	569:577	arg1	addition					557:564	addition	557:564	addition	557:564	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	1	3	from	dependence	167:176	arg1	type					259:262	a new type	253:262	a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	253:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	5	4	theme	particle	1172:1179	arg1	aggregation					1181:1191	the particle aggregation	1168:1191	the particle aggregation	1168:1191	Microscopic observations revealed that chitosan adsorption not only affected the morphology of liposomes but also modulated the particle aggregation and fusion.
26173584	1	5	theme	new	255:257	arg1	type					259:262	a new type	253:262	a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	253:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	2	6	theme	chitosan	642:649	arg1	chains					672:677	chitosan extended and crimped chains	642:677	chitosan extended and crimped chains	642:677	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	3	7	theme	coils	819:823	arg1	presence					798:805	the presence	794:805	the presence of chitosan coils	794:823	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	2	8	theme	resonance	514:522	arg1	techniques					524:533	fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques	475:533	fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques	475:533	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	2	9	theme	physical	581:588	arg1	barrier					590:596	a physical barrier	579:596	a physical barrier for the membrane surface	579:621	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	2	10	theme	paramagnetic	501:512	arg1	resonance					514:522	fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance	475:522	resonance	514:522	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	1	11	theme	nonionic	351:358	arg1	Tween					372:376	Tween	372:376	Tween	372:376	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	1	11	theme	nonionic	351:358	arg1	surfactant					360:369	nonionic surfactant	351:369	nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	351:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	7	12	dep	deformation	1379:1389	arg1	addition					1358:1365	addition	1358:1365	addition	1358:1365	In addition to particle deformation, the membrane permeability was also tuned.
26173584	2	13	theme	electron	492:499	arg1	resonance					514:522	fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance	475:522	resonance	514:522	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	8	14	theme	biopolymer-liposome	1550:1568	arg1	structures					1580:1589	biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1550:1589	biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1550:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	4	15	theme	coils	996:1000	arg1	penetration					981:991	the shallow penetration	969:991	the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer	969:1041	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	4	16	theme	hydrophobic	1011:1021	arg1	interior					1023:1030	the hydrophobic interior	1007:1030	the hydrophobic interior of bilayer	1007:1041	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	8	17	theme	new	1463:1465	arg1	perspective					1467:1477	a new perspective	1461:1477	a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components	1461:1634	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	1	18	theme	modulating	185:194	arg1	ability					196:202	the modulating ability	181:202	the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer,	181:248	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	2	19	theme	bilayer	424:430	arg1	membrane					432:439	bilayer membrane	424:439	bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques	424:533	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	3	20	theme	relative	735:742	arg1	microviscosity					744:757	relative microviscosity	735:757	relative microviscosity	735:757	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	2	21	theme	chains	672:677	arg1	adsorption					628:637	the adsorption	624:637	the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains	624:677	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	6	22	theme	coils	1320:1324	arg1	role					1303:1306	the role	1299:1306	the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant"	1299:1352	Especially, a number of very heterogeneous particles were visualized, which tended to confirm the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant".
26173584	1	23	theme	ability	196:202	arg1	dependence					167:176	the conformational dependence	148:176	the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	148:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	0	24	theme	Biopolymer-Lipid	0:15	arg1	Interaction					25:35	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction	0:35	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction	0:35	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	1	25	theme	liposome	267:274	arg1	type					259:262	a new type	253:262	a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	253:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	2	26	theme	membrane	606:613	arg1	surface					615:621	the membrane surface	602:621	the membrane surface	602:621	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	2	27	theme	crimped	664:670	arg1	chains					672:677	chitosan extended and crimped chains	642:677	chitosan extended and crimped chains	642:677	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	8	28	theme	biopolymer	1528:1537	arg1	functionality					1511:1523	the physiological functionality	1493:1523	the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1493:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	8	28	theme	biopolymer	1528:1537	arg1	systems					1603:1609	delivery systems	1594:1609	delivery systems for bioactive components	1594:1634	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	2	29	theme	structure	411:419	arg1	Analysis					383:390	Analysis	383:390	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques	383:533	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	8	30	theme	composite	1570:1578	arg1	structures					1580:1589	biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1550:1589	biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1550:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	4	31	theme	lipid	917:921	arg1	center					931:936	the lipid bilayer center	913:936	the lipid bilayer center	913:936	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	2	32	theme	extended	651:658	arg1	chains					672:677	chitosan extended and crimped chains	642:677	chitosan extended and crimped chains	642:677	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	1	33	theme	chitosan	207:214	arg1	ability					196:202	the modulating ability	181:202	the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer,	181:248	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	3	34	from	decrease	723:730	arg1	microviscosity					744:757	relative microviscosity	735:757	relative microviscosity	735:757	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	3	34	from	decrease	723:730	arg1	parameter					769:777	order parameter	763:777	order parameter	763:777	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	8	35	theme	delivery	1594:1601	arg1	functionality					1511:1523	the physiological functionality	1493:1523	the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1493:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	8	35	theme	delivery	1594:1601	arg1	systems					1603:1609	delivery systems	1594:1609	delivery systems for bioactive components	1594:1634	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	6	36	theme	polymeric	1332:1340	arg1	"					1352:1352	a "polymeric surfactant"	1329:1352	a "polymeric surfactant"	1329:1352	Especially, a number of very heterogeneous particles were visualized, which tended to confirm the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant".
26173584	4	37	theme	bilayer	923:929	arg1	center					931:936	the lipid bilayer center	913:936	the lipid bilayer center	913:936	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	7	38	theme	membrane	1396:1403	arg1	permeability					1405:1416	the membrane permeability	1392:1416	the membrane permeability	1392:1416	In addition to particle deformation, the membrane permeability was also tuned.
26173584	0	39	theme	Physical	51:58	arg1	Mechanism					85:93	Mechanism	85:93	Mechanism	85:93	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	0	39	theme	Physical	51:58	arg1	Properties					60:69	the Physical Properties	47:69	the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure	47:107	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	0	39	theme	Physical	51:58	arg1	Structure					99:107	Structure	99:107	Structure	99:107	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	1	40	theme	mixed	288:292	arg1	phosphatidylcholine					320:338	egg yolk phosphatidylcholine	311:338	egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC)	311:345	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	1	40	theme	mixed	288:292	arg1	surfactant					360:369	nonionic surfactant	351:369	nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	351:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	1	40	theme	mixed	288:292	arg1	lipids					294:299	mixed lipids	288:299	mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	288:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	5	41	theme	chitosan	1083:1090	arg1	adsorption					1092:1101	chitosan adsorption	1083:1101	chitosan adsorption	1083:1101	Microscopic observations revealed that chitosan adsorption not only affected the morphology of liposomes but also modulated the particle aggregation and fusion.
26173584	4	42	theme	bilayer	1035:1041	arg1	interior					1023:1030	the hydrophobic interior	1007:1030	the hydrophobic interior of bilayer	1007:1041	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	4	43	theme	shallow	973:979	arg1	penetration					981:991	the shallow penetration	969:991	the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer	969:1041	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	3	44	theme	membrane	839:846	arg1	organization					848:859	the membrane organization	835:859	the membrane organization	835:859	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	3	45	theme	order	763:767	arg1	parameter					769:777	order parameter	763:777	order parameter	763:777	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	0	46	dep	Properties	60:69	arg1	Mechanism					85:93	Mechanism	85:93	Mechanism	85:93	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	0	46	dep	Properties	60:69	arg1	Properties					60:69	the Physical Properties	47:69	the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure	47:107	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	0	46	dep	Properties	60:69	arg1	Structure					99:107	Structure	99:107	Structure	99:107	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	8	47	theme	bioactive	1615:1623	arg1	components					1625:1634	bioactive components	1615:1634	bioactive components	1615:1634	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	8	48	theme	design	1543:1548	arg1	functionality					1511:1523	the physiological functionality	1493:1523	the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1493:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	8	48	theme	design	1543:1548	arg1	systems					1603:1609	delivery systems	1594:1609	delivery systems for bioactive components	1594:1634	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	2	49	theme	fluorescence	475:486	arg1	resonance					514:522	fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance	475:522	resonance	514:522	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	6	50	theme	heterogeneous	1234:1246	arg1	particles					1248:1256	very heterogeneous particles	1229:1256	very heterogeneous particles	1229:1256	Especially, a number of very heterogeneous particles were visualized, which tended to confirm the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant".
26173584	2	51	theme	membrane	432:439	arg1	dynamic					399:405	dynamic	399:405	dynamic	399:405	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	1	52	theme	egg	311:313	arg1	EYPC					341:344	EYPC	341:344	EYPC	341:344	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	1	52	theme	egg	311:313	arg1	phosphatidylcholine					320:338	egg yolk phosphatidylcholine	311:338	egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC)	311:345	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	6	53	theme	surfactant	1342:1351	arg1	"					1352:1352	a "polymeric surfactant"	1329:1352	a "polymeric surfactant"	1329:1352	Especially, a number of very heterogeneous particles were visualized, which tended to confirm the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant".
26173584	7	54	theme	particle	1370:1377	arg1	deformation					1379:1389	particle deformation	1370:1389	particle deformation	1370:1389	In addition to particle deformation, the membrane permeability was also tuned.
26173584	2	55	theme	lipid	694:698	arg1	membrane					700:707	the lipid membrane	690:707	the lipid membrane	690:707	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	1	56	theme	yolk	315:318	arg1	EYPC					341:344	EYPC	341:344	EYPC	341:344	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	1	56	theme	yolk	315:318	arg1	phosphatidylcholine					320:338	egg yolk phosphatidylcholine	311:338	egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC)	311:345	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	6	57	theme	chitosan	1311:1318	arg1	coils					1320:1324	chitosan coils	1311:1324	chitosan coils	1311:1324	Especially, a number of very heterogeneous particles were visualized, which tended to confirm the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant".
26173584	5	58	theme	Microscopic	1044:1054	arg1	observations					1056:1067	Microscopic observations	1044:1067	Microscopic observations	1044:1067	Microscopic observations revealed that chitosan adsorption not only affected the morphology of liposomes but also modulated the particle aggregation and fusion.
26173584	6	59	theme	particles	1248:1256	arg1	number					1219:1224	a number	1217:1224	a number of very heterogeneous particles	1217:1256	Especially, a number of very heterogeneous particles were visualized, which tended to confirm the role of chitosan coils as a "polymeric surfactant".
26173584	1	60	theme	charged	230:236	arg1	biopolymer					238:247	a positively charged biopolymer	217:247	a positively charged biopolymer	217:247	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	1	60	theme	charged	230:236	arg1	chitosan					207:214	chitosan	207:214	chitosan	207:214	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	4	61	theme	fluidity	901:908	arg1	pronounced					946:955	pronounced	946:955	pronounced	946:955	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	4	61	theme	fluidity	901:908	arg1	increase					889:896	the increase	885:896	the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center	885:936	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	1	62	theme	conformational	152:165	arg1	dependence					167:176	the conformational dependence	148:176	the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80)	148:380	This study was conducted to elucidate the conformational dependence of the modulating ability of chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, on a new type of liposome composed of mixed lipids including egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC) and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80).
26173584	3	63	theme	chitosan	810:817	arg1	coils					819:823	chitosan coils	810:823	chitosan coils	810:823	However, the decrease in relative microviscosity and order parameter suggested that the presence of chitosan coils disturbed the membrane organization.
26173584	4	64	from	increase	889:896	arg1	center					931:936	the lipid bilayer center	913:936	the lipid bilayer center	913:936	It was also noted that the increase of fluidity in the lipid bilayer center was not pronounced, indicating the shallow penetration of coils into the hydrophobic interior of bilayer.
26173584	2	65	theme	dynamic	399:405	arg1	Analysis					383:390	Analysis	383:390	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques	383:533	Analysis of the dynamic and structure of bilayer membrane upon interaction with chitosan by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques demonstrated that, in addition to providing a physical barrier for the membrane surface, the adsorption of chitosan extended and crimped chains rigidified the lipid membrane.
26173584	0	66	theme	Liposomes	74:82	arg1	Mechanism					85:93	Mechanism	85:93	Mechanism	85:93	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	0	66	theme	Liposomes	74:82	arg1	Properties					60:69	the Physical Properties	47:69	the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure	47:107	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	0	66	theme	Liposomes	74:82	arg1	Structure					99:107	Structure	99:107	Structure	99:107	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	8	67	theme	physiological	1497:1509	arg1	functionality					1511:1523	the physiological functionality	1493:1523	the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1493:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	8	67	theme	physiological	1497:1509	arg1	systems					1603:1609	delivery systems	1594:1609	delivery systems for bioactive components	1594:1634	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
26173584	0	68	theme	Bilayer	17:23	arg1	Interaction					25:35	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction	0:35	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction	0:35	Biopolymer-Lipid Bilayer Interaction Modulates the Physical Properties of Liposomes: Mechanism and Structure.
26173584	8	69	dep	biopolymer	1528:1537	arg1	structures					1580:1589	biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1550:1589	biopolymer-liposome composite structures	1550:1589	These findings may provide a new perspective to understand the physiological functionality of biopolymer and design biopolymer-liposome composite structures as delivery systems for bioactive components.
25923468	0	0	theme	Microbispora	86:97	arg1	ATCC					99:102	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
25923468	8	1	theme	hydrophobic	1277:1287	arg1	patch					1297:1301	a hydrophobic surface patch	1275:1301	a hydrophobic surface patch	1275:1301	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ revealed a hydrophobic surface patch, which is proposed to bind the cognate lantibiotic.
25923468	7	2	theme	mlb	1112:1114	arg1	cluster					1116:1122	the mlb cluster	1108:1122	the mlb cluster	1108:1122	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	9	3	dep	proteins	1489:1496	arg1	MlbJ					1514:1517	MlbJ	1514:1517	MlbJ	1514:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	3	dep	proteins	1489:1496	arg1	proteins					1489:1496	the distinct immunity proteins	1467:1496	the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ	1467:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	3	dep	proteins	1489:1496	arg1	MlbYZ					1504:1508	MlbYZ	1504:1508	MlbYZ	1504:1508	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	3	dep	proteins	1489:1496	arg1	MlbQ					1498:1501	MlbQ	1498:1501	MlbQ	1498:1501	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	1	4	theme	antibiotic	269:278	arg1	production					280:289	antibiotic production	269:289	antibiotic production	269:289	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	0	5	theme	strain	79:84	arg1	ATCC					99:102	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
25923468	6	6	theme	proteins	1039:1046	arg1	expression					1016:1025	the expression	1012:1025	the expression of immunity proteins	1012:1046	In addition, the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb) was analysed for the expression of immunity proteins.
25923468	7	7	theme	immunity	1071:1078	arg1	determinants					1080:1091	distinct immunity determinants	1062:1091	distinct immunity determinants	1062:1091	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	5	8	theme	stems	861:865	arg1	position					837:844	the fourth position	826:844	the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	826:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	6	9	theme	immunity	1030:1037	arg1	proteins					1039:1046	immunity proteins	1030:1046	immunity proteins	1030:1046	In addition, the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb) was analysed for the expression of immunity proteins.
25923468	5	10	theme	Microbispora	730:741	arg1	peptidoglycan					743:755	Microbispora peptidoglycan	730:755	Microbispora peptidoglycan	730:755	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	11	from	position	837:844	arg1	Gly					797:799	Gly	797:799	Gly	797:799	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	11	from	position	837:844	arg1	proportion					812:821	similar proportion	804:821	similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	804:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	11	from	position	837:844	arg1	D-Ala					787:791	D-Ala	787:791	D-Ala	787:791	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	8	12	theme	surface	1289:1295	arg1	patch					1297:1301	a hydrophobic surface patch	1275:1301	a hydrophobic surface patch	1275:1301	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ revealed a hydrophobic surface patch, which is proposed to bind the cognate lantibiotic.
25923468	9	13	from	immunity	1384:1391	arg1	Microbispora					1396:1407	Microbispora	1396:1407	Microbispora	1396:1407	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	5	14	theme	similar	804:810	arg1	proportion					812:821	similar proportion	804:821	similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	804:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	2	15	theme	synthesized	321:331	arg1	antibiotics					333:343	ribosomally synthesized antibiotics	309:343	ribosomally synthesized antibiotics that mostly target peptidoglycan biosynthesis	309:389	Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized antibiotics that mostly target peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
25923468	2	15	theme	synthesized	321:331	arg1	Lantibiotics					292:303	Lantibiotics	292:303	Lantibiotics	292:303	Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized antibiotics that mostly target peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
25923468	8	16	theme	MlbQ	1261:1264	arg1	analysis					1249:1256	NMR structural analysis	1234:1256	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ	1234:1264	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ revealed a hydrophobic surface patch, which is proposed to bind the cognate lantibiotic.
25923468	3	17	theme	Microbispora	409:420	arg1	ATCC					422:425	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	392:434	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	392:434	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024 produces the lantibiotic NAI-107, which interferes with peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors.
25923468	5	18	theme	3-3	883:885	arg1	cross-links					887:897	alternative 3-3 cross-links	871:897	alternative 3-3 cross-links	871:897	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	8	19	theme	cognate	1334:1340	arg1	lantibiotic					1342:1352	the cognate lantibiotic	1330:1352	the cognate lantibiotic	1330:1352	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ revealed a hydrophobic surface patch, which is proposed to bind the cognate lantibiotic.
25923468	7	20	theme	distinct	1062:1069	arg1	determinants					1080:1091	distinct immunity determinants	1062:1091	distinct immunity determinants	1062:1091	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	9	21	theme	proteins	1489:1496	arg1	action					1457:1462	the action	1453:1462	the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ	1453:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	3	22	theme	bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled	530:562	arg1	precursors					578:587	bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors	530:587	bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors	530:587	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024 produces the lantibiotic NAI-107, which interferes with peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors.
25923468	0	23	from	immunity	34:41	arg1	ATCC					99:102	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
25923468	5	24	theme	cross-links	887:897	arg1	position					837:844	the fourth position	826:844	the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	826:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	2	25	theme	peptidoglycan	364:376	arg1	biosynthesis					378:389	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	364:389	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	364:389	Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized antibiotics that mostly target peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
25923468	0	26	theme	Distinct	0:7	arg1	mechanisms					9:18	Distinct mechanisms	0:18	Distinct mechanisms	0:18	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
25923468	7	27	theme	lipoprotein	1216:1226	arg1	MlbQ					1228:1231	the lipoprotein MlbQ	1212:1231	the lipoprotein MlbQ	1212:1231	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	1	28	from	investigation	118:130	arg1	producers					165:173	antibiotic producers	154:173	antibiotic producers	154:173	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	4	29	dep	understand	602:611	arg1	to					599:600	to	599:600	to	599:600	In order to understand how Microbispora counteracts the action of its own antibiotic, its peptidoglycan composition was analysed in detail.
25923468	3	30	theme	lantibiotic	449:459	arg1	NAI-107					461:467	the lantibiotic NAI-107	445:467	the lantibiotic NAI-107	445:467	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024 produces the lantibiotic NAI-107, which interferes with peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors.
25923468	1	31	theme	antibiotic	219:228	arg1	resistance					230:239	antibiotic resistance	219:239	antibiotic resistance in pathogens	219:252	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	5	32	theme	4-3	921:923	arg1	cross-links					925:935	the classical 4-3 cross-links	907:935	the classical 4-3 cross-links	907:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	4	33	theme	peptidoglycan	680:692	arg1	composition					694:704	its peptidoglycan composition	676:704	its peptidoglycan composition	676:704	In order to understand how Microbispora counteracts the action of its own antibiotic, its peptidoglycan composition was analysed in detail.
25923468	7	34	theme	transmembrane	1181:1193	arg1	MlbJ					1203:1206	the transmembrane protein MlbJ	1177:1206	the transmembrane protein MlbJ	1177:1206	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	1	35	theme	resistance	230:239	arg1	emergence					206:214	the emergence	202:214	the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens	202:252	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	3	36	theme	peptidoglycan	564:576	arg1	precursors					578:587	bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors	530:587	bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors	530:587	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024 produces the lantibiotic NAI-107, which interferes with peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors.
25923468	3	37	theme	peptidoglycan	492:504	arg1	biosynthesis					506:517	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	492:517	peptidoglycan biosynthesis	492:517	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024 produces the lantibiotic NAI-107, which interferes with peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors.
25923468	9	38	theme	distinct	1471:1478	arg1	MlbJ					1514:1517	MlbJ	1514:1517	MlbJ	1514:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	38	theme	distinct	1471:1478	arg1	proteins					1489:1496	the distinct immunity proteins	1467:1496	the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ	1467:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	38	theme	distinct	1471:1478	arg1	MlbYZ					1504:1508	MlbYZ	1504:1508	MlbYZ	1504:1508	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	38	theme	distinct	1471:1478	arg1	MlbQ					1498:1501	MlbQ	1498:1501	MlbQ	1498:1501	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	5	39	theme	peptide	853:859	arg1	stems					861:865	peptide stems	853:865	peptide stems	853:865	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	1	40	from	resistance	230:239	arg1	pathogens					244:252	pathogens	244:252	pathogens	244:252	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	0	41	theme	lantibiotic	50:60	arg1	ATCC					99:102	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
25923468	9	42	theme	immunity	1480:1487	arg1	MlbJ					1514:1517	MlbJ	1514:1517	MlbJ	1514:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	42	theme	immunity	1480:1487	arg1	proteins					1489:1496	the distinct immunity proteins	1467:1496	the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ	1467:1517	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	42	theme	immunity	1480:1487	arg1	MlbYZ					1504:1508	MlbYZ	1504:1508	MlbYZ	1504:1508	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	9	42	theme	immunity	1480:1487	arg1	MlbQ					1498:1501	MlbQ	1498:1501	MlbQ	1498:1501	This study demonstrates that immunity in Microbispora is not only based on one determinant but on the action of the distinct immunity proteins MlbQ, MlbYZ and MlbJ.
25923468	8	43	theme	structural	1238:1247	arg1	analysis					1249:1256	NMR structural analysis	1234:1256	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ	1234:1264	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ revealed a hydrophobic surface patch, which is proposed to bind the cognate lantibiotic.
25923468	3	44	theme	actinomycete	396:407	arg1	ATCC					422:425	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	392:434	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	392:434	The actinomycete Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024 produces the lantibiotic NAI-107, which interferes with peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding bactoprenol-pyrophosphate-coupled peptidoglycan precursors.
25923468	5	45	dep	stems	861:865	arg1	the					849:851	the	849:851	the	849:851	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	7	46	theme	protein	1195:1201	arg1	MlbJ					1203:1206	the transmembrane protein MlbJ	1177:1206	the transmembrane protein MlbJ	1177:1206	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	4	47	theme	antibiotic	664:673	arg1	action					646:651	the action	642:651	the action of its own antibiotic	642:673	In order to understand how Microbispora counteracts the action of its own antibiotic, its peptidoglycan composition was analysed in detail.
25923468	8	48	theme	NMR	1234:1236	arg1	analysis					1249:1256	NMR structural analysis	1234:1256	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ	1234:1264	NMR structural analysis of MlbQ revealed a hydrophobic surface patch, which is proposed to bind the cognate lantibiotic.
25923468	5	49	from	Gly	797:799	arg1	proportion					812:821	similar proportion	804:821	similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	804:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	49	from	Gly	797:799	arg1	position					837:844	the fourth position	826:844	the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	826:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	1	50	from	pathogens	244:252	arg1	emergence					206:214	the emergence	202:214	the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens	202:252	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	7	51	theme	ABC	1129:1131	arg1	transporter					1133:1143	the ABC transporter MlbYZ	1125:1149	the ABC transporter MlbYZ	1125:1149	We show that distinct immunity determinants are encoded in the mlb cluster: the ABC transporter MlbYZ acting cooperatively with the transmembrane protein MlbJ and the lipoprotein MlbQ.
25923468	1	52	theme	self-resistance	135:149	arg1	investigation					118:130	The investigation	114:130	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers	114:173	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	1	52	theme	self-resistance	135:149	arg1	important					178:186	important	178:186	important	178:186	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	5	53	from	D-Ala	787:791	arg1	proportion					812:821	similar proportion	804:821	similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	804:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	53	from	D-Ala	787:791	arg1	position					837:844	the fourth position	826:844	the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	826:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	54	theme	alternative	871:881	arg1	cross-links					887:897	alternative 3-3 cross-links	871:897	alternative 3-3 cross-links	871:897	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	55	theme	fourth	830:835	arg1	position					837:844	the fourth position	826:844	the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links	826:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	6	56	theme	gene	976:979	arg1	cluster					981:987	the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster	951:987	the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb)	951:993	In addition, the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb) was analysed for the expression of immunity proteins.
25923468	6	56	theme	gene	976:979	arg1	mlb					990:992	mlb	990:992	mlb	990:992	In addition, the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb) was analysed for the expression of immunity proteins.
25923468	5	57	theme	classical	911:919	arg1	cross-links					925:935	the classical 4-3 cross-links	907:935	the classical 4-3 cross-links	907:935	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	58	with	muropeptides	769:780	arg1	Gly					797:799	Gly	797:799	Gly	797:799	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	5	58	with	muropeptides	769:780	arg1	D-Ala					787:791	D-Ala	787:791	D-Ala	787:791	Microbispora peptidoglycan consists of muropeptides with D-Ala and Gly in similar proportion at the fourth position of the peptide stems and alternative 3-3 cross-links besides the classical 4-3 cross-links.
25923468	0	59	theme	producer	70:77	arg1	ATCC					99:102	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
25923468	6	60	theme	biosynthetic	963:974	arg1	cluster					981:987	the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster	951:987	the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb)	951:993	In addition, the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb) was analysed for the expression of immunity proteins.
25923468	6	60	theme	biosynthetic	963:974	arg1	mlb					990:992	mlb	990:992	mlb	990:992	In addition, the NAI-107 biosynthetic gene cluster (mlb) was analysed for the expression of immunity proteins.
25923468	1	61	from	emergence	206:214	arg1	pathogens					244:252	pathogens	244:252	pathogens	244:252	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	1	62	theme	antibiotic	154:163	arg1	producers					165:173	antibiotic producers	154:173	antibiotic producers	154:173	The investigation of self-resistance in antibiotic producers is important to understand the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and to improve antibiotic production.
25923468	0	63	theme	NAI-107	62:68	arg1	ATCC					99:102	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024	46:111	Distinct mechanisms contribute to immunity in the lantibiotic NAI-107 producer strain Microbispora ATCC PTA-5024.
26344307	1	0	contain	have	134:137	arg2	information					162:172	collected considerable information	139:172	collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties	139:241	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	1	0	contain	have	134:137	arg1	studies					109:115	The many studies	100:115	The many studies about amylolysis	100:132	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	6	1	theme	crystalline	1277:1287	arg1	types					1301:1305	crystalline polymorphic types	1277:1305	crystalline polymorphic types	1277:1305	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	5	2	theme	previous	1004:1011	arg1	work					1013:1016	a previous work	1002:1016	a previous work	1002:1016	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	5	3	theme	hydrolysis	1175:1184	arg1	X∞					1194:1195	X∞	1194:1195	X∞	1194:1195	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	5	3	theme	hydrolysis	1175:1184	arg1	extent					1186:1191	the final hydrolysis extent	1165:1191	the final hydrolysis extent	1165:1191	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	0	4	theme	hydrolysis	79:88	arg1	kinetics					90:97	hydrolysis kinetics	79:97	hydrolysis kinetics	79:97	Multivariate model to characterise relations between maize mutant starches and hydrolysis kinetics.
26344307	5	5	theme	rate	1130:1133	arg1	retardation					1135:1145	the reaction rate retardation	1117:1145	the reaction rate retardation over time, h	1117:1158	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	9	6	theme	correct	1635:1641	arg1	performances					1654:1665	correct prediction performances	1635:1665	correct prediction performances	1635:1665	The multivariate models give correct prediction performances except for k whose a part of variability remains unexplained.
26344307	5	7	theme	Amylolysis	925:934	arg1	progress-curves					936:950	Amylolysis progress-curves	925:950	Amylolysis progress-curves	925:950	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	9	8	theme	variability	1696:1706	arg1	part					1688:1691	a part	1686:1691	a part of variability	1686:1706	The multivariate models give correct prediction performances except for k whose a part of variability remains unexplained.
26344307	9	9	theme	prediction	1643:1652	arg1	performances					1654:1665	correct prediction performances	1635:1665	correct prediction performances	1635:1665	The multivariate models give correct prediction performances except for k whose a part of variability remains unexplained.
26344307	4	10	theme	pancreatic	860:869	arg1	PPA					882:884	PPA	882:884	PPA	882:884	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	10	theme	pancreatic	860:869	arg1	α-amylase					871:879	porcine pancreatic α-amylase	852:879	porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA)	852:885	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	5	11	dep	fitted	957:962	arg1	coefficient					1074:1084	the reaction rate coefficient	1056:1084	the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞	1056:1195	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	4	12	theme	starch	783:788	arg1	samples					790:796	13 starch samples	780:796	13 starch samples from wild type	780:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	12	theme	starch	783:788	arg1	mutants					832:838	single and double mutants	814:838	single and double mutants of maize	814:847	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	13	theme	multivariate	890:901	arg1	analysis					903:910	a multivariate analysis	888:910	a multivariate analysis	888:910	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	14	from	type	808:811	arg1	samples					790:796	13 starch samples	780:796	13 starch samples from wild type	780:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	14	from	type	808:811	arg1	mutants					832:838	single and double mutants	814:838	single and double mutants of maize	814:847	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	14	from	type	808:811	arg1	amylolysis					766:775	amylolysis	766:775	amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA)	766:885	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	3	15	with	benefit	445:451	arg1	regard					511:516	that regard	506:516	that regard	506:516	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	4	16	theme	amylolysis	766:775	arg1	data					758:761	data	758:761	data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA)	758:885	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	17	theme	single	814:819	arg1	mutants					832:838	single and double mutants	814:838	single and double mutants of maize	814:847	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	17	theme	single	814:819	arg1	samples					790:796	13 starch samples	780:796	13 starch samples from wild type	780:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	3	18	theme	statistical	469:479	arg1	approaches					490:499	multivariate statistical analysis approaches	456:499	multivariate statistical analysis approaches	456:499	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	19	theme	approaches	490:499	arg1	benefit					445:451	The immediate benefit	431:451	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard	431:516	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	19	theme	approaches	490:499	arg1	twofold					521:527	twofold	521:527	twofold	521:527	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	2	20	theme	starch	306:311	arg1	inherent					252:259	inherent	252:259	inherent	252:259	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	7	21	theme	measured	1381:1388	arg1	properties					1390:1399	the measured properties	1377:1399	the measured properties	1377:1399	h and X∞ are found to be highly related to the measured properties.
26344307	6	22	dep	composition	1244:1254	arg1	the					1225:1227	the	1225:1227	the	1225:1227	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	6	23	theme	macromolecular	1229:1242	arg1	composition					1244:1254	macromolecular composition	1229:1254	macromolecular composition	1229:1254	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	2	24	theme	condition	351:359	arg1	inherent					252:259	inherent	252:259	inherent	252:259	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	2	25	theme	results	422:428	arg1	interpretation					387:400	the interpretation	383:400	the interpretation of the experimental results	383:428	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	0	26	theme	Multivariate	0:11	arg1	model					13:17	Multivariate model	0:17	Multivariate model	0:17	Multivariate model to characterise relations between maize mutant starches and hydrolysis kinetics.
26344307	8	27	theme	probable	1532:1539	arg1	contribution					1541:1552	the probable contribution	1528:1552	the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules	1528:1603	Thus the amylose content appears to be significantly correlated to the hydrolysis rate retardation, which sheds some light on the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules.
26344307	10	28	theme	granule	1808:1814	arg1	structure					1816:1824	the granule structure	1804:1824	the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability	1804:1879	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
26344307	2	29	theme	multifactorial	336:349	arg1	condition					351:359	the multifactorial condition	332:359	the multifactorial condition of the system	332:373	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	2	30	theme	experimental	409:420	arg1	results					422:428	the experimental results	405:428	the experimental results	405:428	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	8	31	theme	amylose	1411:1417	arg1	content					1419:1425	the amylose content	1407:1425	the amylose content	1407:1425	Thus the amylose content appears to be significantly correlated to the hydrolysis rate retardation, which sheds some light on the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules.
26344307	3	32	dep	independently	599:611	arg1	not					595:597	not	595:597	not	595:597	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	1	33	theme	many	104:107	arg1	studies					109:115	The many studies	100:115	The many studies about amylolysis	100:132	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	2	34	dep	inherent	252:259	arg1	elaborate					261:269	elaborate	261:269	elaborate	261:269	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	5	35	theme	Weibull	969:975	arg1	function					977:984	a Weibull function	967:984	a Weibull function	967:984	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	5	36	theme	reaction	1121:1128	arg1	rate					1130:1133	the reaction rate	1117:1133	the reaction rate retardation over time, h	1117:1158	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	10	37	theme	further	1731:1737	arg1	analysis					1739:1746	A further analysis	1729:1746	A further analysis	1729:1746	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
26344307	3	38	theme	relations	688:696	arg1	magnitude					650:658	magnitude	650:658	magnitude	650:658	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	38	theme	relations	688:696	arg1	level					675:679	confidence level	664:679	confidence level	664:679	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	4	39	theme	samples	790:796	arg1	amylolysis					766:775	amylolysis	766:775	amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA)	766:885	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	5	40	theme	kinetic	1036:1042	arg1	parameters					1044:1053	three kinetic parameters	1030:1053	extract three kinetic parameters	1022:1053	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	1	41	theme	properties	232:241	arg1	contribution					188:199	the contribution	184:199	the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties	184:241	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	5	42	theme	final	1169:1173	arg1	X∞					1194:1195	X∞	1194:1195	X∞	1194:1195	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	5	42	theme	final	1169:1173	arg1	extent					1186:1191	the final hydrolysis extent	1165:1191	the final hydrolysis extent	1165:1191	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	6	43	theme	Multivariate	1198:1209	arg1	models					1211:1216	Multivariate models	1198:1216	Multivariate models	1198:1216	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	10	44	theme	characterisation	1777:1792	arg1	effort					1794:1799	the characterisation effort	1773:1799	the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability	1773:1879	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
26344307	3	45	theme	analysis	481:488	arg1	approaches					490:499	multivariate statistical analysis approaches	456:499	multivariate statistical analysis approaches	456:499	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	46	theme	multivariate	456:467	arg1	approaches					490:499	multivariate statistical analysis approaches	456:499	multivariate statistical analysis approaches	456:499	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	6	47	theme	kinetic	1314:1320	arg1	parameters					1322:1331	the kinetic parameters	1310:1331	the kinetic parameters	1310:1331	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	4	48	theme	wild	803:806	arg1	type					808:811	wild type	803:811	wild type	803:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	49	theme	maize	843:847	arg1	mutants					832:838	single and double mutants	814:838	single and double mutants of maize	814:847	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	49	theme	maize	843:847	arg1	samples					790:796	13 starch samples	780:796	13 starch samples from wild type	780:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	9	50	theme	multivariate	1610:1621	arg1	models					1623:1628	The multivariate models	1606:1628	The multivariate models	1606:1628	The multivariate models give correct prediction performances except for k whose a part of variability remains unexplained.
26344307	6	51	theme	polymorphic	1289:1299	arg1	types					1301:1305	crystalline polymorphic types	1277:1305	crystalline polymorphic types	1277:1305	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	0	52	theme	mutant	59:64	arg1	starches					66:73	maize mutant starches	53:73	maize mutant starches	53:73	Multivariate model to characterise relations between maize mutant starches and hydrolysis kinetics.
26344307	4	53	theme	porcine	852:858	arg1	PPA					882:884	PPA	882:884	PPA	882:884	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	53	theme	porcine	852:858	arg1	α-amylase					871:879	porcine pancreatic α-amylase	852:879	porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA)	852:885	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	5	54	theme	first	1097:1101	arg1	time-unit					1103:1111	the first time-unit	1093:1111	the first time-unit	1093:1111	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	3	55	theme	first	626:630	arg1	estimation					632:641	a first estimation	624:641	a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters	624:746	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	1	56	theme	starch	208:213	arg1	properties					232:241	the starch physico-chemical properties	204:241	the starch physico-chemical properties	204:241	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	0	57	theme	maize	53:57	arg1	starches					66:73	maize mutant starches	53:73	maize mutant starches	53:73	Multivariate model to characterise relations between maize mutant starches and hydrolysis kinetics.
26344307	8	58	theme	molecules	1569:1577	arg1	contribution					1541:1552	the probable contribution	1528:1552	the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules	1528:1603	Thus the amylose content appears to be significantly correlated to the hydrolysis rate retardation, which sheds some light on the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules.
26344307	10	59	theme	variability	1869:1879	arg1	fraction					1847:1854	the fraction	1843:1854	the fraction of explained variability	1843:1879	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
26344307	3	60	theme	amylolysis	718:727	arg1	parameters					737:746	amylolysis kinetic parameters	718:746	amylolysis kinetic parameters	718:746	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	61	theme	kinetic	729:735	arg1	parameters					737:746	amylolysis kinetic parameters	718:746	amylolysis kinetic parameters	718:746	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	2	62	theme	system	368:373	arg1	starch					306:311	granular starch	297:311	granular starch	297:311	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	2	62	theme	system	368:373	arg1	condition					351:359	the multifactorial condition	332:359	the multifactorial condition of the system	332:373	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	8	63	theme	amylose	1561:1567	arg1	molecules					1569:1577	the amylose molecules	1557:1577	the amylose molecules contained in the granules	1557:1603	Thus the amylose content appears to be significantly correlated to the hydrolysis rate retardation, which sheds some light on the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules.
26344307	6	64	theme	types	1301:1305	arg1	composition					1244:1254	macromolecular composition	1229:1254	macromolecular composition	1229:1254	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	6	64	theme	types	1301:1305	arg1	fractions					1264:1272	the fractions	1260:1272	the fractions	1260:1272	Multivariate models relate the macromolecular composition and the fractions of crystalline polymorphic types to the kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	65	theme	confidence	664:673	arg1	level					675:679	confidence level	664:679	confidence level	664:679	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	2	66	theme	granular	297:304	arg1	starch					306:311	granular starch	297:311	granular starch	297:311	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	5	67	dep	extract	1022:1028	arg1	parameters					1044:1053	three kinetic parameters	1030:1053	extract three kinetic parameters	1022:1053	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	4	68	from	amylolysis	766:775	arg1	type					808:811	wild type	803:811	wild type	803:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	3	69	dep	factors	546:552	arg1	interrelated					564:575	interrelated	564:575	interrelated	564:575	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	5	70	theme	reaction	1060:1067	arg1	coefficient					1074:1084	the reaction rate coefficient	1056:1084	the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞	1056:1195	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	3	71	theme	level	675:679	arg1	estimation					632:641	a first estimation	624:641	a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters	624:746	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	8	72	theme	hydrolysis	1473:1482	arg1	retardation					1489:1499	the hydrolysis rate retardation	1469:1499	the hydrolysis rate retardation	1469:1499	Thus the amylose content appears to be significantly correlated to the hydrolysis rate retardation, which sheds some light on the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules.
26344307	1	73	theme	collected	139:147	arg1	information					162:172	collected considerable information	139:172	collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties	139:241	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	10	74	theme	structure	1816:1824	arg1	effort					1794:1799	the characterisation effort	1773:1799	the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability	1773:1879	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
26344307	4	75	theme	double	825:830	arg1	mutants					832:838	single and double mutants	814:838	single and double mutants of maize	814:847	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	4	75	theme	double	825:830	arg1	samples					790:796	13 starch samples	780:796	13 starch samples from wild type	780:811	Based on data of amylolysis of 13 starch samples from wild type, single and double mutants of maize by porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA), a multivariate analysis is proposed.
26344307	5	76	theme	rate	1069:1072	arg1	coefficient					1074:1084	the reaction rate coefficient	1056:1084	the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞	1056:1195	Amylolysis progress-curves were fitted by a Weibull function, as proposed in a previous work, to extract three kinetic parameters: the reaction rate coefficient during the first time-unit, k, the reaction rate retardation over time, h, and the final hydrolysis extent, X∞.
26344307	3	77	theme	magnitude	650:658	arg1	estimation					632:641	a first estimation	624:641	a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters	624:746	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	1	78	theme	physico-chemical	215:230	arg1	properties					232:241	the starch physico-chemical properties	204:241	the starch physico-chemical properties	204:241	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	1	79	theme	considerable	149:160	arg1	information					162:172	collected considerable information	139:172	collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties	139:241	The many studies about amylolysis have collected considerable information regarding the contribution of the starch physico-chemical properties.
26344307	10	80	theme	explained	1859:1867	arg1	variability					1869:1879	explained variability	1859:1879	explained variability	1859:1879	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
26344307	3	81	theme	immediate	435:443	arg1	benefit					445:451	The immediate benefit	431:451	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard	431:516	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	3	81	theme	immediate	435:443	arg1	twofold					521:527	twofold	521:527	twofold	521:527	The immediate benefit of multivariate statistical analysis approaches with that regard is twofold: considering the factors, possibly interrelated, all together and not independently, providing a first estimation of the magnitude and confidence level of the relations between factors and amylolysis kinetic parameters.
26344307	8	82	theme	rate	1484:1487	arg1	retardation					1489:1499	the hydrolysis rate retardation	1469:1499	the hydrolysis rate retardation	1469:1499	Thus the amylose content appears to be significantly correlated to the hydrolysis rate retardation, which sheds some light on the probable contribution of the amylose molecules contained in the granules.
26344307	2	83	theme	variable	275:282	arg1	structure					284:292	variable structure	275:292	variable structure	275:292	But the inherent elaborate and variable structure of granular starch and, consequently, the multifactorial condition of the system hinders the interpretation of the experimental results.
26344307	10	84	theme	effort	1794:1799	arg1	extent					1763:1768	the extent	1759:1768	the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability	1759:1879	A further analysis points out the extent of the characterisation effort of the granule structure needed to extend the fraction of explained variability.
25857526	4	0	theme	dispersive	916:925	arg1	spectroscopy					933:944	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	909:944	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	909:944	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	2	1	theme	morpho-functional	508:524	arg1	traits					526:531	the morpho-functional traits	504:531	the morpho-functional traits	504:531	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	2	2	theme	tardigrades	638:648	arg1	species					627:633	eight different species	611:633	eight different species of tardigrades	611:648	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	9	3	theme	stylet	1672:1677	arg1	furca					1679:1683	the stylet furca	1668:1683	the stylet furca	1668:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	4	theme	buccal	1635:1640	arg1	crown					1642:1646	the buccal crown	1631:1646	the buccal crown	1631:1646	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	5	5	theme	aragonite	1126:1134	arg1	form					1118:1121	the crystalline form	1102:1121	the crystalline form of aragonite	1102:1134	In all species, the feeding apparatus had been subjected to biomineralization due to CaCO3 encrustations organized in the crystalline form of aragonite.
25857526	4	6	theme	energy	909:914	arg1	spectroscopy					933:944	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	909:944	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	909:944	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	8	7	from	rich	1411:1414	arg1	calcium					1419:1425	calcium	1419:1425	calcium	1419:1425	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	1	8	theme	tardigrade	144:153	arg1	apparatus					163:171	the tardigrade feeding apparatus	140:171	the tardigrade feeding apparatus	140:171	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	4	9	theme	feeding	790:796	arg1	apparatus					798:806	the feeding apparatus	786:806	the feeding apparatus	786:806	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	4	10	theme	confocal	873:880	arg1	microscopy					897:906	confocal laser scanning microscopy	873:906	confocal laser scanning microscopy	873:906	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	0	11	from	Distribution	0:11	arg1	Apparatus					61:69	the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus	38:69	the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology	38:112	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.
25857526	9	12	theme	higher	1581:1586	arg1	condyles					1656:1663	the condyles	1652:1663	the condyles of the stylet furca	1652:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	12	theme	higher	1581:1586	arg1	crests					1621:1626	the crests	1617:1626	the crests of the buccal crown	1617:1646	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	12	theme	higher	1581:1586	arg1	stresses					1599:1606	higher mechanical stresses	1581:1606	higher mechanical stresses	1581:1606	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	2	13	theme	structures	565:574	arg1	traits					526:531	the morpho-functional traits	504:531	the morpho-functional traits	504:531	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	2	13	theme	structures	565:574	arg1	composition					546:556	chemical composition	537:556	chemical composition	537:556	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	6	14	from	concentrations	1183:1196	arg1	apparatus					1213:1221	the feeding apparatus	1201:1221	the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered	1201:1272	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	6	14	from	concentrations	1183:1196	arg1	present					1162:1168	present	1162:1168	present	1162:1168	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	2	15	theme	apparatus	493:501	arg1	function					455:462	function	455:462	function	455:462	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	2	15	theme	apparatus	493:501	arg1	evolution					468:476	evolution	468:476	evolution	468:476	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	6	16	theme	feeding	1205:1211	arg1	apparatus					1213:1221	the feeding apparatus	1201:1221	the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered	1201:1272	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	3	17	theme	phylum	752:757	arg1	lineages					736:743	almost all main phylogenetic lineages	707:743	almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum	707:757	These eight species are representative of almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum.
25857526	4	18	theme	scanning	888:895	arg1	microscopy					897:906	confocal laser scanning microscopy	873:906	confocal laser scanning microscopy	873:906	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	4	19	from	chitin	776:781	arg1	apparatus					798:806	the feeding apparatus	786:806	the feeding apparatus	786:806	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	9	20	theme	furca	1679:1683	arg1	condyles					1656:1663	the condyles	1652:1663	the condyles of the stylet furca	1652:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	20	theme	furca	1679:1683	arg1	crests					1621:1626	the crests	1617:1626	the crests of the buccal crown	1617:1646	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	1	21	theme	feeding	155:161	arg1	apparatus					163:171	the tardigrade feeding apparatus	140:171	the tardigrade feeding apparatus	140:171	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	2	22	dep	function	455:462	arg1	the					451:453	the	451:453	the	451:453	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	1	23	theme	piercing	308:315	arg1	each					326:329	each	326:329	each	326:329	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	23	theme	piercing	308:315	arg1	stylets					317:323	two piercing stylets	304:323	two piercing stylets	304:323	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	2	24	theme	chemical	537:544	arg1	composition					546:556	chemical composition	537:556	chemical composition	537:556	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	9	25	from	concentration	1538:1550	arg1	eutardigrades					1503:1515	eutardigrades	1503:1515	eutardigrades	1503:1515	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	25	from	concentration	1538:1550	arg1	structures					1559:1568	the structures	1555:1568	the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca	1555:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	1	26	theme	apparatus	163:171	arg1	structure					186:194	a complex structure	176:194	a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	176:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	26	theme	apparatus	163:171	arg1	portion					129:135	The cuticular portion	115:135	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus	115:171	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	6	27	dep	structures	1240:1249	arg1	the					1236:1238	the	1236:1238	the	1236:1238	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	4	28	from	calcium	764:770	arg1	apparatus					798:806	the feeding apparatus	786:806	the feeding apparatus	786:806	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	4	29	theme	Raman	951:955	arg1	microspectroscopy					957:973	Raman microspectroscopy	951:973	Raman microspectroscopy (Raman)	951:981	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	4	29	theme	Raman	951:955	arg1	Raman					976:980	Raman	976:980	Raman	976:980	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	1	30	theme	buccal	249:254	arg1	parts					240:244	four parts	235:244	four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	235:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	30	theme	buccal	249:254	arg1	ring					256:259	a buccal ring	247:259	a buccal ring	247:259	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	6	31	theme	different	1173:1181	arg1	concentrations					1183:1196	different concentrations	1173:1196	different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered	1173:1272	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	2	32	theme	feeding	588:594	arg1	apparatuses					596:606	the feeding apparatuses	584:606	the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades	584:648	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	7	33	dep	more	1326:1329	arg1	aragonite					1331:1339	aragonite	1331:1339	aragonite	1331:1339	Generally, where the structures are rigid there is more aragonite than chitin, and vice versa.
25857526	8	34	from	calcium	1419:1425	arg1	tube					1381:1384	The buccal tube and piercing stylets	1370:1405	tube	1381:1384	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	8	34	from	calcium	1419:1425	arg1	rich					1411:1414	rich	1411:1414	rich	1411:1414	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	5	35	theme	crystalline	1106:1116	arg1	form					1118:1121	the crystalline form	1102:1121	the crystalline form of aragonite	1102:1134	In all species, the feeding apparatus had been subjected to biomineralization due to CaCO3 encrustations organized in the crystalline form of aragonite.
25857526	4	36	theme	scanning	843:850	arg1	microscopy					861:870	scanning electron microscopy	843:870	scanning electron microscopy	843:870	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	6	37	attach	present	1162:1168	arg2	chitin					1151:1156	chitin	1151:1156	chitin	1151:1156	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	6	37	attach	present	1162:1168	arg1	concentrations					1183:1196	different concentrations	1173:1196	different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered	1173:1272	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	6	37	attach	present	1162:1168	arg2	Aragonite					1137:1145	Aragonite	1137:1145	Aragonite	1137:1145	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	1	38	theme	complex	178:184	arg1	structure					186:194	a complex structure	176:194	a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	176:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	38	theme	complex	178:184	arg1	portion					129:135	The cuticular portion	115:135	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus	115:171	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	0	39	theme	Calcium	16:22	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.	0:113	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.
25857526	2	40	theme	different	617:625	arg1	species					627:633	eight different species	611:633	eight different species of tardigrades	611:648	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	8	41	theme	buccal	1374:1379	arg1	tube					1381:1384	The buccal tube and piercing stylets	1370:1405	tube	1381:1384	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	8	41	theme	buccal	1374:1379	arg1	rich					1411:1414	rich	1411:1414	rich	1411:1414	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	6	42	located	present	1162:1168	arg2	chitin					1151:1156	chitin	1151:1156	chitin	1151:1156	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	6	42	located	present	1162:1168	arg1	concentrations					1183:1196	different concentrations	1173:1196	different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered	1173:1272	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	6	42	located	present	1162:1168	arg2	Aragonite					1137:1145	Aragonite	1137:1145	Aragonite	1137:1145	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	6	43	from	present	1162:1168	arg1	concentrations					1183:1196	different concentrations	1173:1196	different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered	1173:1272	Aragonite and chitin are present in different concentrations in the feeding apparatus according to the structures and species considered.
25857526	0	44	theme	Chitin	28:33	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.	0:113	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.
25857526	1	45	theme	buccal	264:269	arg1	tube					271:274	a buccal tube	262:274	a buccal tube	262:274	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	45	theme	buccal	264:269	arg1	parts					240:244	four parts	235:244	four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	235:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	4	46	theme	X-ray	927:931	arg1	spectroscopy					933:944	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	909:944	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	909:944	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	0	47	from	Apparatus	61:69	arg1	Relation					74:81	Relation	74:81	Relation to its Function and Morphology	74:112	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.
25857526	9	48	theme	subject	1570:1576	arg1	structures					1559:1568	the structures	1555:1568	the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca	1555:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	4	49	theme	laser	882:886	arg1	microscopy					897:906	confocal laser scanning microscopy	873:906	confocal laser scanning microscopy	873:906	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	0	50	theme	Tardigrade	42:51	arg1	Apparatus					61:69	the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus	38:69	the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology	38:112	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.
25857526	5	51	theme	CaCO3	1069:1073	arg1	encrustations					1075:1087	CaCO3 encrustations	1069:1087	CaCO3 encrustations organized in the crystalline form of aragonite	1069:1134	In all species, the feeding apparatus had been subjected to biomineralization due to CaCO3 encrustations organized in the crystalline form of aragonite.
25857526	2	52	theme	feeding	485:491	arg1	apparatus					493:501	the feeding apparatus	481:501	the feeding apparatus	481:501	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	5	53	theme	feeding	1004:1010	arg1	apparatus					1012:1020	the feeding apparatus	1000:1020	the feeding apparatus	1000:1020	In all species, the feeding apparatus had been subjected to biomineralization due to CaCO3 encrustations organized in the crystalline form of aragonite.
25857526	2	54	theme	species	627:633	arg1	apparatuses					596:606	the feeding apparatuses	584:606	the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades	584:648	To better understand the function and evolution of the feeding apparatus, the morpho-functional traits and chemical composition of the structures forming the feeding apparatuses of eight different species of tardigrades were analyzed.
25857526	4	55	theme	electron	852:859	arg1	microscopy					861:870	scanning electron microscopy	843:870	scanning electron microscopy	843:870	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	9	56	theme	crown	1642:1646	arg1	condyles					1656:1663	the condyles	1652:1663	the condyles of the stylet furca	1652:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	56	theme	crown	1642:1646	arg1	crests					1621:1626	the crests	1617:1626	the crests of the buccal crown	1617:1646	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	1	57	theme	stylet	340:345	arg1	coat					347:350	a stylet coat	338:350	a stylet coat	338:350	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	9	58	theme	higher	1531:1536	arg1	concentration					1538:1550	higher concentration	1531:1550	higher concentration	1531:1550	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	1	59	theme	myoepithelial	399:411	arg1	pharynx					421:427	a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	397:427	a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	397:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	8	60	theme	piercing	1390:1397	arg1	stylets					1399:1405	The buccal tube and piercing stylets	1370:1405	stylets	1399:1405	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	1	61	theme	sucking	413:419	arg1	pharynx					421:427	a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	397:427	a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	397:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	3	62	theme	lineages	736:743	arg1	representative					689:702	representative	689:702	representative	689:702	These eight species are representative of almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum.
25857526	4	63	theme	light	825:829	arg1	microscopy					831:840	light microscopy	825:840	light microscopy	825:840	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	9	64	theme	mechanical	1588:1597	arg1	condyles					1656:1663	the condyles	1652:1663	the condyles of the stylet furca	1652:1683	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	64	theme	mechanical	1588:1597	arg1	crests					1621:1626	the crests	1617:1626	the crests of the buccal crown	1617:1646	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	9	64	theme	mechanical	1588:1597	arg1	stresses					1599:1606	higher mechanical stresses	1581:1606	higher mechanical stresses	1581:1606	In eutardigrades, chitin is in higher concentration in the structures subject to higher mechanical stresses, such as the crests of the buccal crown and the condyles of the stylet furca.
25857526	1	65	theme	pharynx	421:427	arg1	tube					271:274	a buccal tube	262:274	a buccal tube	262:274	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	65	theme	pharynx	421:427	arg1	lining					387:392	the lining	383:392	the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	383:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	65	theme	pharynx	421:427	arg1	parts					240:244	four parts	235:244	four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	235:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	65	theme	pharynx	421:427	arg1	ring					256:259	a buccal ring	247:259	a buccal ring	247:259	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	65	theme	pharynx	421:427	arg1	system					286:291	a stylet system	277:291	a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports)	277:376	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	66	theme	cuticular	119:127	arg1	structure					186:194	a complex structure	176:194	a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	176:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	66	theme	cuticular	119:127	arg1	portion					129:135	The cuticular portion	115:135	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus	115:171	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	8	67	dep	stylets	1446:1452	arg1	composed					1465:1472	composed	1465:1472	stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite	1446:1497	The buccal tube and piercing stylets are rich in calcium, with the piercing stylets apparently composed exclusively of aragonite.
25857526	1	68	dep	parts	240:244	arg1	ring					256:259	a buccal ring	247:259	a buccal ring	247:259	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	68	dep	parts	240:244	arg1	tube					271:274	a buccal tube	262:274	a buccal tube	262:274	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	68	dep	parts	240:244	arg1	parts					240:244	four parts	235:244	four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	235:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	68	dep	parts	240:244	arg1	system					286:291	a stylet system	277:291	a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports)	277:376	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	68	dep	parts	240:244	arg1	lining					387:392	the lining	383:392	the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	383:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	69	dep	stylet	361:366	arg1	supports					368:375	supports	368:375	supports	368:375	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	3	70	theme	main	718:721	arg1	lineages					736:743	almost all main phylogenetic lineages	707:743	almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum	707:757	These eight species are representative of almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum.
25857526	0	71	theme	Feeding	53:59	arg1	Apparatus					61:69	the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus	38:69	the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology	38:112	Distribution of Calcium and Chitin in the Tardigrade Feeding Apparatus in Relation to its Function and Morphology.
25857526	1	72	theme	stylet	279:284	arg1	parts					240:244	four parts	235:244	four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx	235:427	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	1	72	theme	stylet	279:284	arg1	system					286:291	a stylet system	277:291	a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports)	277:376	The cuticular portion of the tardigrade feeding apparatus is a complex structure that can be schematically divided into four parts: a buccal ring, a buccal tube, a stylet system (formed by two piercing stylets, each within a stylet coat, and two stylet supports), and the lining of a myoepithelial sucking pharynx.
25857526	4	73	dep	calcium	764:770	arg1	The					760:762	The	760:762	The	760:762	The calcium and chitin in the feeding apparatus were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman microspectroscopy (Raman).
25857526	3	74	theme	phylogenetic	723:734	arg1	lineages					736:743	almost all main phylogenetic lineages	707:743	almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum	707:757	These eight species are representative of almost all main phylogenetic lineages of the phylum.
29026107	11	0	theme	daily	1414:1418	arg1	loading					1420:1426	reduced daily loading	1406:1426	reduced daily loading	1406:1426	The results demonstrate that reduced daily loading deprives tendons of their viscoelastic properties, which could increase the risk of injury.
29026107	11	1	theme	viscoelastic	1454:1465	arg1	properties					1467:1476	their viscoelastic properties	1448:1476	their viscoelastic properties	1448:1476	The results demonstrate that reduced daily loading deprives tendons of their viscoelastic properties, which could increase the risk of injury.
29026107	3	2	theme	soleus	503:508	arg1	muscles					510:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	5	3	theme	fibrils	750:756	arg1	properties					723:732	the structural properties	708:732	the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats)	708:770	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	11	4	theme	injury	1512:1517	arg1	risk					1504:1507	the risk	1500:1507	the risk of injury	1500:1517	The results demonstrate that reduced daily loading deprives tendons of their viscoelastic properties, which could increase the risk of injury.
29026107	6	5	theme	n = 10	840:845	arg1	rats					847:850	n = 10 rats	840:850	n = 10 rats	840:850	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	6	5	theme	n = 10	840:845	arg1	staining					830:837	histological staining	817:837	histological staining (n = 10 rats)	817:851	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	7	6	theme	unloaded	971:978	arg1	tendons					980:986	unloaded tendons	971:986	unloaded tendons	971:986	The results show that the stiffness increased in unloaded tendons, together with an increased collagen content.
29026107	8	7	theme	axial	1044:1048	arg1	alignment					1050:1058	axial alignment	1044:1058	axial alignment	1044:1058	Creep and axial alignment of the collagen fibers were reduced.
29026107	2	8	dep	investigates	163:174	arg1	affected					277:284	affected	277:284	is affected by reduced daily loading	274:309	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	3	9	theme	rats	371:374	arg1	tendons					325:331	The Achilles tendons	312:331	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40)	312:383	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	5	10	theme	biomechanical	600:612	arg1	testing					614:620	biomechanical testing	600:620	biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats)	600:660	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	2	11	dep	mechanisms	191:200	arg1	behind					202:207	behind	202:207	behind tendon biomechanical function	202:237	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	11	12	theme	properties	1467:1476	arg1	tendons					1437:1443	tendons	1437:1443	tendons	1437:1443	The results demonstrate that reduced daily loading deprives tendons of their viscoelastic properties, which could increase the risk of injury.
29026107	6	13	theme	proteoglycan	900:911	arg1	content					913:919	the collagen and proteoglycan content	883:919	the collagen and proteoglycan content	883:919	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	5	14	theme	small	666:670	arg1	scattering					684:693	small angle X-ray scattering	666:693	small angle X-ray scattering	666:693	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	6	15	dep	Fourier	773:779	arg1	transform					781:789	transform	781:789	transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats)	781:851	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	3	16	theme	right	479:483	arg1	muscles					510:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	5	17	theme	collagen	741:748	arg1	fibrils					750:756	the collagen fibrils	737:756	the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats)	737:770	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	5	17	theme	collagen	741:748	arg1	rats					766:769	n = 10 rats	759:769	n = 10 rats	759:769	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	2	18	theme	daily	297:301	arg1	loading					303:309	reduced daily loading	289:309	reduced daily loading	289:309	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	3	19	theme	Dawley	364:369	arg1	rats					371:374	16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats	336:374	16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats	336:374	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	6	20	theme	collagen	887:894	arg1	content					913:919	the collagen and proteoglycan content	883:919	the collagen and proteoglycan content	883:919	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	4	21	used	used	546:549	arg2	control					554:560	control	554:560	control	554:560	The contralateral side was used as control.
29026107	4	21	used	used	546:549	arg2	side					537:540	The contralateral side	519:540	The contralateral side	519:540	The contralateral side was used as control.
29026107	10	22	theme	altered	1230:1236	arg1	deposition					1245:1254	altered matrix deposition	1230:1254	altered matrix deposition	1230:1254	Our findings indicate that altered matrix deposition relies on mechanical loading to reorganize the newly formed tissue, without which the viscoelastic behavior is impaired.
29026107	2	23	theme	reduced	289:295	arg1	loading					303:309	reduced daily loading	289:309	reduced daily loading	289:309	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	0	24	theme	tendon	9:14	arg1	compositional					16:28	Achilles tendon compositional	0:28	Achilles tendon compositional	0:28	Achilles tendon compositional and structural properties are altered after unloading by botox.
29026107	8	25	theme	fibers	1076:1081	arg1	Creep					1034:1038	Creep	1034:1038	Creep	1034:1038	Creep and axial alignment of the collagen fibers were reduced.
29026107	8	25	theme	fibers	1076:1081	arg1	alignment					1050:1058	axial alignment	1044:1058	axial alignment	1044:1058	Creep and axial alignment of the collagen fibers were reduced.
29026107	6	26	dep	transform	781:789	arg1	infrared					791:798	infrared	791:798	transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats)	781:851	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	0	27	theme	Achilles	0:7	arg1	compositional					16:28	Achilles tendon compositional	0:28	Achilles tendon compositional	0:28	Achilles tendon compositional and structural properties are altered after unloading by botox.
29026107	8	28	theme	collagen	1067:1074	arg1	fibers					1076:1081	the collagen fibers	1063:1081	the collagen fibers	1063:1081	Creep and axial alignment of the collagen fibers were reduced.
29026107	1	29	theme	Tendon	94:99	arg1	function					101:108	Tendon function	94:108	Tendon function	94:108	Tendon function and homeostasis rely on external loading.
29026107	3	30	theme	muscle	423:428	arg1	paralysis					430:438	muscle paralysis	423:438	muscle paralysis	423:438	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	10	31	theme	viscoelastic	1342:1353	arg1	behavior					1355:1362	the viscoelastic behavior	1338:1362	the viscoelastic behavior	1338:1362	Our findings indicate that altered matrix deposition relies on mechanical loading to reorganize the newly formed tissue, without which the viscoelastic behavior is impaired.
29026107	7	32	theme	increased	1006:1014	arg1	content					1025:1031	an increased collagen content	1003:1031	an increased collagen content	1003:1031	The results show that the stiffness increased in unloaded tendons, together with an increased collagen content.
29026107	9	33	dep	unloading	1171:1179	arg1	response					1159:1166	response	1159:1166	response	1159:1166	Stress-relaxation increased whereas hysteresis was reduced in response to unloading with botox treatment.
29026107	5	34	theme	structural	712:721	arg1	properties					723:732	the structural properties	708:732	the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats)	708:770	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	2	35	theme	biological	180:189	arg1	mechanisms					191:200	the biological mechanisms	176:200	the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function	176:237	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	2	36	theme	mechanical	251:260	arg1	performance					262:272	the mechanical performance	247:272	the mechanical performance	247:272	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	3	37	theme	botulinum	445:453	arg1	toxin					455:459	botulinum toxin	445:459	botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	445:516	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	0	38	theme	structural	34:43	arg1	properties					45:54	structural properties	34:54	structural properties	34:54	Achilles tendon compositional and structural properties are altered after unloading by botox.
29026107	10	39	theme	matrix	1238:1243	arg1	deposition					1245:1254	altered matrix deposition	1230:1254	altered matrix deposition	1230:1254	Our findings indicate that altered matrix deposition relies on mechanical loading to reorganize the newly formed tissue, without which the viscoelastic behavior is impaired.
29026107	3	40	theme	toxin	455:459	arg1	injections					461:470	botulinum toxin injections	445:470	botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	445:516	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	4	41	theme	contralateral	523:535	arg1	control					554:560	control	554:560	control	554:560	The contralateral side was used as control.
29026107	4	41	theme	contralateral	523:535	arg1	side					537:540	The contralateral side	519:540	The contralateral side	519:540	The contralateral side was used as control.
29026107	5	42	theme	angle	672:676	arg1	scattering					684:693	small angle X-ray scattering	666:693	small angle X-ray scattering	666:693	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	5	43	theme	n = 10	759:764	arg1	fibrils					750:756	the collagen fibrils	737:756	the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats)	737:770	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	5	43	theme	n = 10	759:764	arg1	rats					766:769	n = 10 rats	759:769	n = 10 rats	759:769	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	3	44	theme	gastrocnemius	485:497	arg1	muscles					510:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	5	45	theme	X-ray	678:682	arg1	scattering					684:693	small angle X-ray scattering	666:693	small angle X-ray scattering	666:693	After harvest, the tendons underwent biomechanical testing to assess viscoelasticity (n = 30 rats) and small angle X-ray scattering to determine the structural properties of the collagen fibrils (n = 10 rats).
29026107	3	46	from	injections	461:470	arg1	muscles					510:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles	475:516	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	2	47	theme	biomechanical	216:228	arg1	function					230:237	tendon biomechanical function	209:237	tendon biomechanical function	209:237	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	6	48	theme	histological	817:828	arg1	rats					847:850	n = 10 rats	840:850	n = 10 rats	840:850	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	6	48	theme	histological	817:828	arg1	staining					830:837	histological staining	817:837	histological staining (n = 10 rats)	817:851	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and histological staining (n = 10 rats) were performed to investigate the collagen and proteoglycan content.
29026107	10	49	theme	mechanical	1266:1275	arg1	loading					1277:1283	mechanical loading	1266:1283	mechanical loading	1266:1283	Our findings indicate that altered matrix deposition relies on mechanical loading to reorganize the newly formed tissue, without which the viscoelastic behavior is impaired.
29026107	3	50	theme	Achilles	316:323	arg1	tendons					325:331	The Achilles tendons	312:331	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40)	312:383	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	2	51	theme	tendon	209:214	arg1	function					230:237	tendon biomechanical function	209:237	tendon biomechanical function	209:237	This study investigates the biological mechanisms behind tendon biomechanical function and how the mechanical performance is affected by reduced daily loading.
29026107	10	52	theme	formed	1309:1314	arg1	tissue					1316:1321	the newly formed tissue	1299:1321	the newly formed tissue	1299:1321	Our findings indicate that altered matrix deposition relies on mechanical loading to reorganize the newly formed tissue, without which the viscoelastic behavior is impaired.
29026107	11	53	theme	reduced	1406:1412	arg1	loading					1420:1426	reduced daily loading	1406:1426	reduced daily loading	1406:1426	The results demonstrate that reduced daily loading deprives tendons of their viscoelastic properties, which could increase the risk of injury.
29026107	1	54	theme	external	134:141	arg1	loading					143:149	external loading	134:149	external loading	134:149	Tendon function and homeostasis rely on external loading.
29026107	3	55	theme	old	345:347	arg1	rats					371:374	16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats	336:374	16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats	336:374	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	7	56	theme	collagen	1016:1023	arg1	content					1025:1031	an increased collagen content	1003:1031	an increased collagen content	1003:1031	The results show that the stiffness increased in unloaded tendons, together with an increased collagen content.
29026107	3	57	theme	female	349:354	arg1	rats					371:374	16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats	336:374	16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats	336:374	The Achilles tendons of 16 weeks old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 40) were unloaded for 5 weeks by inducing muscle paralysis with botulinum toxin injections in the right gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.
29026107	9	58	theme	botox	1186:1190	arg1	treatment					1192:1200	botox treatment	1186:1200	botox treatment	1186:1200	Stress-relaxation increased whereas hysteresis was reduced in response to unloading with botox treatment.
27451251	0	0	theme	cress	71:75	arg1	seeds					96:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	0	0	theme	cress	71:75	arg1	sativum					87:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	5	1	theme	iron	513:516	arg1	retention					500:508	Maximum retention	492:508	Maximum retention of iron and zinc	492:525	Maximum retention of iron and zinc was found with roasting.
27451251	0	2	theme	garden	64:69	arg1	cress					71:75	garden cress	64:75	garden cress	64:75	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	7	3	theme	ionizable	602:610	arg1	iron					612:615	Percent ionizable iron	594:615	Percent ionizable iron	594:615	Percent ionizable iron and bioavailability was found maximum with boiling (13.59 and 6.88% respectively).
27451251	0	4	theme	Lepidium	78:85	arg1	seeds					96:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	0	4	theme	Lepidium	78:85	arg1	sativum					87:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	0	5	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	seeds					96:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	0	5	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	sativum					87:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	10	6	theme	nutrient	1058:1065	arg1	retention					1067:1075	maximum nutrient retention	1050:1075	maximum nutrient retention	1050:1075	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention was found with boiling method.
27451251	8	7	theme	phytin	849:854	arg1	phosphorus					856:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	9	8	theme	Amino	893:897	arg1	acids					899:903	Amino acids	893:903	Amino acids	893:903	Amino acids and fatty acids were decreased with heat treatment and maximum retention was found with soaking.
27451251	7	9	theme	Percent	594:600	arg1	iron					612:615	Percent ionizable iron	594:615	Percent ionizable iron	594:615	Percent ionizable iron and bioavailability was found maximum with boiling (13.59 and 6.88% respectively).
27451251	8	10	from	oxalate	871:877	arg1	decrease					811:818	a decrease	809:818	a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively	809:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	1	11	theme	different	141:149	arg1	methods					162:168	different processing methods	141:168	different processing methods	141:168	Garden cress seeds were undergone for different processing methods and analyzed for its nutritional composition.
27451251	8	12	from	percent	838:844	arg1	oxalate					871:877	oxalate	871:877	oxalate respectively	871:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	8	12	from	percent	838:844	arg1	phosphorus					856:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	10	13	theme	maximum	1050:1056	arg1	retention					1067:1075	maximum nutrient retention	1050:1075	maximum nutrient retention	1050:1075	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention was found with boiling method.
27451251	8	14	theme	9.65	823:826	arg1	decrease					811:818	a decrease	809:818	a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively	809:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	1	15	theme	processing	151:160	arg1	methods					162:168	different processing methods	141:168	different processing methods	141:168	Garden cress seeds were undergone for different processing methods and analyzed for its nutritional composition.
27451251	10	16	from	improvement	1010:1020	arg1	retention					1067:1075	maximum nutrient retention	1050:1075	maximum nutrient retention	1050:1075	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention was found with boiling method.
27451251	10	16	from	improvement	1010:1020	arg1	composition					1034:1044	nutrient composition	1025:1044	nutrient composition	1025:1044	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention was found with boiling method.
27451251	2	17	from	Effect	216:221	arg1	retention					249:257	nutrient retention	240:257	nutrient retention	240:257	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	8	18	from	phosphorus	856:865	arg1	decrease					811:818	a decrease	809:818	a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively	809:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	9	19	theme	fatty	909:913	arg1	acids					915:919	fatty acids	909:919	fatty acids	909:919	Amino acids and fatty acids were decreased with heat treatment and maximum retention was found with soaking.
27451251	10	20	theme	Overall	1002:1008	arg1	improvement					1010:1020	Overall improvement	1002:1020	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention	1002:1075	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention was found with boiling method.
27451251	2	21	theme	processed	292:300	arg1	form					302:305	the best processed form	283:305	the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients	283:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	8	22	with	maximum	753:759	arg1	decrease					811:818	a decrease	809:818	a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively	809:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	0	23	theme	processing	10:19	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.	0:101	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	2	24	with	seeds	310:314	arg1	nutrients					339:347	nutrients	339:347	nutrients	339:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	2	24	with	seeds	310:314	arg1	amount					329:334	maximum amount	321:334	maximum amount of nutrients	321:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	8	25	theme	protein	720:726	arg1	digestibility					728:740	protein digestibility	720:740	protein digestibility	720:740	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	8	26	from	9.65	823:826	arg1	oxalate					871:877	oxalate	871:877	oxalate respectively	871:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	8	26	from	9.65	823:826	arg1	phosphorus					856:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	8	27	theme	percent	838:844	arg1	decrease					811:818	a decrease	809:818	a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively	809:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	0	28	theme	nutrients	24:32	arg1	seeds					96:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	0	28	theme	nutrients	24:32	arg1	sativum					87:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	8	29	theme	In	700:701	arg1	starch					709:714	In vitro starch	700:714	In vitro starch	700:714	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	8	30	dep	In	700:701	arg1	vitro					703:707	vitro	703:707	vitro	703:707	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	1	31	theme	nutritional	191:201	arg1	composition					203:213	its nutritional composition	187:213	its nutritional composition	187:213	Garden cress seeds were undergone for different processing methods and analyzed for its nutritional composition.
27451251	0	32	theme	acid	44:47	arg1	composition					49:59	fatty acid composition	38:59	fatty acid composition	38:59	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	8	33	from	decrease	811:818	arg1	oxalate					871:877	oxalate	871:877	oxalate respectively	871:890	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	8	33	from	decrease	811:818	arg1	phosphorus					856:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	phytin phosphorus	849:865	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	5	34	theme	zinc	522:525	arg1	retention					500:508	Maximum retention	492:508	Maximum retention of iron and zinc	492:525	Maximum retention of iron and zinc was found with roasting.
27451251	2	35	theme	maximum	321:327	arg1	nutrients					339:347	nutrients	339:347	nutrients	339:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	2	35	theme	maximum	321:327	arg1	amount					329:334	maximum amount	321:334	maximum amount of nutrients	321:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	0	36	theme	fatty	38:42	arg1	composition					49:59	fatty acid composition	38:59	fatty acid composition	38:59	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	10	37	theme	nutrient	1025:1032	arg1	composition					1034:1044	nutrient composition	1025:1044	nutrient composition	1025:1044	Overall improvement in nutrient composition and maximum nutrient retention was found with boiling method.
27451251	1	38	theme	Garden	103:108	arg1	seeds					116:120	Garden cress seeds	103:120	Garden cress seeds	103:120	Garden cress seeds were undergone for different processing methods and analyzed for its nutritional composition.
27451251	9	39	theme	maximum	960:966	arg1	retention					968:976	maximum retention	960:976	maximum retention	960:976	Amino acids and fatty acids were decreased with heat treatment and maximum retention was found with soaking.
27451251	7	40	dep	boiling	660:666	arg1	%					683:683	13.59 and 6.88%	669:683	13.59 and 6.88% respectively	669:696	Percent ionizable iron and bioavailability was found maximum with boiling (13.59 and 6.88% respectively).
27451251	2	41	theme	nutrient	240:247	arg1	retention					249:257	nutrient retention	240:257	nutrient retention	240:257	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	5	42	theme	Maximum	492:498	arg1	retention					500:508	Maximum retention	492:508	Maximum retention of iron and zinc	492:525	Maximum retention of iron and zinc was found with roasting.
27451251	1	43	theme	cress	110:114	arg1	seeds					116:120	Garden cress seeds	103:120	Garden cress seeds	103:120	Garden cress seeds were undergone for different processing methods and analyzed for its nutritional composition.
27451251	2	44	theme	seeds	310:314	arg1	form					302:305	the best processed form	283:305	the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients	283:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	9	45	theme	heat	941:944	arg1	treatment					946:954	heat treatment	941:954	heat treatment	941:954	Amino acids and fatty acids were decreased with heat treatment and maximum retention was found with soaking.
27451251	0	46	theme	composition	49:59	arg1	seeds					96:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds	24:100	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	0	46	theme	composition	49:59	arg1	sativum					87:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Lepidium sativum	78:93	Effect of processing on nutrients and fatty acid composition of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds.
27451251	8	47	dep	boiling	764:770	arg1	%					788:788	57.98 and 32.39%	773:788	57.98 and 32.39% respectively	773:801	In vitro starch and protein digestibility were found maximum on boiling (57.98 and 32.39% respectively) with a decrease of 9.65 and 14.13 percent in phytin phosphorus and oxalate respectively.
27451251	2	48	theme	processing	226:235	arg1	Effect					216:221	Effect	216:221	Effect of processing on nutrient retention	216:257	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	2	49	theme	nutrients	339:347	arg1	nutrients					339:347	nutrients	339:347	nutrients	339:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
27451251	2	49	theme	nutrients	339:347	arg1	amount					329:334	maximum amount	321:334	maximum amount of nutrients	321:347	Effect of processing on nutrient retention was evaluated to attain the best processed form of seeds with maximum amount of nutrients.
26223457	8	0	contain	have	1276:1279	arg1	foods					1265:1269	3 crunchy foods	1255:1269	3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition	1255:1315	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	0	contain	have	1276:1279	arg2	composition					1305:1315	very different chemical composition	1281:1315	very different chemical composition	1281:1315	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	0	contain	have	1276:1279	arg1	"					1223:1223	"Chicharon"	1213:1223	"Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin)	1213:1252	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	4	1	theme	water	495:499	arg1	activity					501:508	water activity	495:508	water activity	495:508	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	6	2	theme	brittle	728:734	arg1	states					746:751	the brittle and soggy states	724:751	states	746:751	The transition between the brittle and soggy states, however, appears sharper in the apparent fractal dimension compared with moisture plot.
26223457	11	3	theme	different	1670:1678	arg1	foods					1680:1684	different foods	1670:1684	different foods	1670:1684	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	3	4	theme	apparent	319:326	arg1	dimension					336:344	their apparent fractal dimension	313:344	their apparent fractal dimension	313:344	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	10	5	theme	higher	1591:1596	arg1	stresses					1598:1605	higher stresses	1591:1605	higher stresses	1591:1605	We have concluded that the partial plasticization, which caused the brittleness loss, also inhibited failure propagation, which allowed the solid matrix to sustain higher stresses.
26223457	6	6	theme	moisture	827:834	arg1	plot					836:839	moisture plot	827:839	moisture plot	827:839	The transition between the brittle and soggy states, however, appears sharper in the apparent fractal dimension compared with moisture plot.
26223457	8	7	theme	crunchy	1257:1263	arg1	foods					1265:1269	3 crunchy foods	1255:1269	3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition	1255:1315	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	7	theme	crunchy	1257:1263	arg1	"					1223:1223	"Chicharon"	1213:1223	"Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin)	1213:1252	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	8	theme	different	1286:1294	arg1	composition					1305:1315	very different chemical composition	1281:1315	very different chemical composition	1281:1315	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	11	9	theme	phenomenon	1656:1665	arg1	reports					1641:1647	other published reports	1625:1647	other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems	1625:1702	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	4	10	theme	moisture	475:482	arg1	content					484:490	moisture content	475:490	moisture content	475:490	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	8	11	from	phenomenon	1068:1077	arg1	Rind					1194:1197	Pork Rind	1189:1197	Pork Rind	1189:1197	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	11	from	phenomenon	1068:1077	arg1	snack					1177:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	11	from	phenomenon	1068:1077	arg1	Balls					1151:1155	Cheese Balls	1144:1155	Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack)	1144:1182	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	11	from	phenomenon	1068:1077	arg1	Crunch®					1107:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch®	1082:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal)	1082:1141	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	5	12	theme	sigmoid	631:637	arg1	shape					639:643	a sigmoid shape	629:643	a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location	629:698	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture also has a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location.
26223457	6	13	theme	fractal	795:801	arg1	dimension					803:811	the apparent fractal dimension	782:811	the apparent fractal dimension	782:811	The transition between the brittle and soggy states, however, appears sharper in the apparent fractal dimension compared with moisture plot.
26223457	8	14	theme	Pork	1189:1192	arg1	Rind					1194:1197	Pork Rind	1189:1197	Pork Rind	1189:1197	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	10	15	theme	partial	1454:1460	arg1	plasticization					1462:1475	the partial plasticization	1450:1475	the partial plasticization	1450:1475	We have concluded that the partial plasticization, which caused the brittleness loss, also inhibited failure propagation, which allowed the solid matrix to sustain higher stresses.
26223457	6	16	theme	apparent	786:793	arg1	dimension					803:811	the apparent fractal dimension	782:811	the apparent fractal dimension	782:811	The transition between the brittle and soggy states, however, appears sharper in the apparent fractal dimension compared with moisture plot.
26223457	10	17	theme	brittleness	1495:1505	arg1	loss					1507:1510	the brittleness loss	1491:1510	the brittleness loss	1491:1510	We have concluded that the partial plasticization, which caused the brittleness loss, also inhibited failure propagation, which allowed the solid matrix to sustain higher stresses.
26223457	5	18	contain	has	625:627	arg1	relationship					550:561	The relationship	546:561	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture	546:618	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture also has a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location.
26223457	5	18	contain	has	625:627	arg2	shape					639:643	a sigmoid shape	629:643	a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location	629:698	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture also has a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location.
26223457	8	19	dep	Crunch®	1107:1113	arg1	cereal					1135:1140	cereal	1135:1140	cereal	1135:1140	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	5	20	theme	perceived	585:593	arg1	crunchiness					595:605	crunchiness	595:605	crunchiness	595:605	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture also has a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location.
26223457	1	21	theme	moisture	76:83	arg1	uptake					85:90	moisture uptake	76:90	moisture uptake	76:90	Upon moisture uptake, dry cellular cereals and snacks loose their brittleness and become soggy.
26223457	7	22	theme	dubbed	1025:1030	arg1	toughening					1042:1051	dubbed "moisture toughening	1025:1051	dubbed "moisture toughening	1025:1051	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	7	22	theme	dubbed	1025:1030	arg1	phenomenon					1002:1011	a phenomenon	1000:1011	a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening	1000:1051	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	8	23	theme	Cheese	1144:1149	arg1	snack					1177:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	23	theme	Cheese	1144:1149	arg1	Balls					1151:1155	Cheese Balls	1144:1155	Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack)	1144:1182	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	5	24	theme	inflection	651:660	arg1	point					662:666	point	662:666	point	662:666	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture also has a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location.
26223457	0	25	theme	Moisture	21:28	arg1	Toughening					30:39	Moisture Toughening	21:39	Moisture Toughening	21:39	Crunchiness Loss and Moisture Toughening in Puffed Cereals and Snacks.
26223457	9	26	theme	first	1343:1347	arg1	foods					1351:1355	the first 2 foods	1339:1355	the first 2 foods	1339:1355	We also show that in the first 2 foods, moisture toughening was perceived sensorily as increased "hardness."
26223457	8	27	theme	chemical	1296:1303	arg1	composition					1305:1315	very different chemical composition	1281:1315	very different chemical composition	1281:1315	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	9	28	theme	moisture	1358:1365	arg1	toughening					1367:1376	moisture toughening	1358:1376	moisture toughening	1358:1376	We also show that in the first 2 foods, moisture toughening was perceived sensorily as increased "hardness."
26223457	9	28	theme	moisture	1358:1365	arg1	hardness					1416:1423	increased "hardness	1405:1423	increased "hardness	1405:1423	We also show that in the first 2 foods, moisture toughening was perceived sensorily as increased "hardness."
26223457	3	29	theme	instrumental	363:374	arg1	measure					376:382	an instrumental measure	360:382	an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness	360:412	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	3	29	theme	instrumental	363:374	arg1	degree					278:283	These curves' degree	264:283	These curves' degree	264:283	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	4	30	theme	apparent	444:451	arg1	dimension					461:469	the apparent fractal dimension	440:469	the apparent fractal dimension	440:469	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	1	31	theme	dry	93:95	arg1	cereals					106:112	dry cellular cereals	93:112	dry cellular cereals	93:112	Upon moisture uptake, dry cellular cereals and snacks loose their brittleness and become soggy.
26223457	10	32	theme	failure	1528:1534	arg1	propagation					1536:1546	failure propagation	1528:1546	failure propagation	1528:1546	We have concluded that the partial plasticization, which caused the brittleness loss, also inhibited failure propagation, which allowed the solid matrix to sustain higher stresses.
26223457	11	33	theme	model	1690:1694	arg1	systems					1696:1702	model systems	1690:1702	model systems	1690:1702	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	10	34	theme	solid	1567:1571	arg1	matrix					1573:1578	the solid matrix	1563:1578	the solid matrix	1563:1578	We have concluded that the partial plasticization, which caused the brittleness loss, also inhibited failure propagation, which allowed the solid matrix to sustain higher stresses.
26223457	2	35	theme	compressive	225:235	arg1	curves					256:261	smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves	209:261	smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves	209:261	This familiar phenomenon is manifested in smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves.
26223457	8	36	theme	Chicharon	1214:1222	arg1	foods					1265:1269	3 crunchy foods	1255:1269	3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition	1255:1315	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	36	theme	Chicharon	1214:1222	arg1	skin					1248:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	36	theme	Chicharon	1214:1222	arg1	"					1223:1223	"Chicharon"	1213:1223	"Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin)	1213:1252	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	3	37	theme	crunchiness	402:412	arg1	measure					376:382	an instrumental measure	360:382	an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness	360:412	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	3	37	theme	crunchiness	402:412	arg1	degree					278:283	These curves' degree	264:283	These curves' degree	264:283	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	4	38	theme	sigmoid	531:537	arg1	shape					539:543	a characteristic sigmoid shape	514:543	a characteristic sigmoid shape	514:543	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	7	39	theme	moisture	1033:1040	arg1	toughening					1042:1051	dubbed "moisture toughening	1025:1051	dubbed "moisture toughening	1025:1051	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	7	39	theme	moisture	1033:1040	arg1	phenomenon					1002:1011	a phenomenon	1000:1011	a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening	1000:1051	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	8	40	theme	salty	1158:1162	arg1	snack					1177:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	40	theme	salty	1158:1162	arg1	Balls					1151:1155	Cheese Balls	1144:1155	Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack)	1144:1182	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	4	41	theme	characteristic	516:529	arg1	shape					539:543	a characteristic sigmoid shape	514:543	a characteristic sigmoid shape	514:543	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	8	42	theme	starch-based	1164:1175	arg1	snack					1177:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	salty starch-based snack	1158:1181	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	42	theme	starch-based	1164:1175	arg1	Balls					1151:1155	Cheese Balls	1144:1155	Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack)	1144:1182	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	4	43	theme	fractal	453:459	arg1	dimension					461:469	the apparent fractal dimension	440:469	the apparent fractal dimension	440:469	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	2	44	theme	smoothing	209:217	arg1	curves					256:261	smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves	209:261	smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves	209:261	This familiar phenomenon is manifested in smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves.
26223457	8	45	theme	Peanut	1093:1098	arg1	Crunch®					1107:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch®	1082:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal)	1082:1141	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	1	46	theme	cellular	97:104	arg1	cereals					106:112	dry cellular cereals	93:112	dry cellular cereals	93:112	Upon moisture uptake, dry cellular cereals and snacks loose their brittleness and become soggy.
26223457	0	47	theme	Puffed	44:49	arg1	Cereals					51:57	Puffed Cereals	44:57	Puffed Cereals	44:57	Crunchiness Loss and Moisture Toughening in Puffed Cereals and Snacks.
26223457	11	48	from	reports	1641:1647	arg1	systems					1696:1702	model systems	1690:1702	model systems	1690:1702	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	11	48	from	reports	1641:1647	arg1	foods					1680:1684	different foods	1670:1684	different foods	1670:1684	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	5	49	theme	same	686:689	arg1	location					691:698	about the same location	676:698	about the same location	676:698	The relationship between the sensorily perceived crunchiness and moisture also has a sigmoid shape whose inflection point lies at about the same location.
26223457	7	50	theme	content	911:917	arg1	levels					892:897	moderate levels	883:897	moderate levels of moisture content	883:917	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	3	51	theme	jaggedness	288:297	arg1	degree					278:283	These curves' degree	264:283	These curves' degree	264:283	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	3	51	theme	jaggedness	288:297	arg1	measure					376:382	an instrumental measure	360:382	an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness	360:412	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	11	52	theme	other	1625:1629	arg1	reports					1641:1647	other published reports	1625:1647	other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems	1625:1702	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	7	53	dep	observation	863:873	arg1	"					1053:1053	"	1053:1053	"	1053:1053	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	7	53	dep	observation	863:873	arg1	familiar					847:854	familiar	847:854	familiar	847:854	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	8	54	theme	deep-fried	1232:1241	arg1	skin					1248:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	54	theme	deep-fried	1232:1241	arg1	"					1223:1223	"Chicharon"	1213:1223	"Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin)	1213:1252	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	55	theme	commercial	1082:1091	arg1	Crunch®					1107:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch®	1082:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal)	1082:1141	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	56	theme	salty	1226:1230	arg1	skin					1248:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	56	theme	salty	1226:1230	arg1	"					1223:1223	"Chicharon"	1213:1223	"Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin)	1213:1252	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	9	57	theme	increased	1405:1413	arg1	toughening					1367:1376	moisture toughening	1358:1376	moisture toughening	1358:1376	We also show that in the first 2 foods, moisture toughening was perceived sensorily as increased "hardness."
26223457	9	57	theme	increased	1405:1413	arg1	hardness					1416:1423	increased "hardness	1405:1423	increased "hardness	1405:1423	We also show that in the first 2 foods, moisture toughening was perceived sensorily as increased "hardness."
26223457	3	58	theme	fractal	328:334	arg1	dimension					336:344	their apparent fractal dimension	313:344	their apparent fractal dimension	313:344	These curves' degree of jaggedness, expressed by their apparent fractal dimension, can serve as an instrumental measure of the particles' crunchiness.
26223457	2	59	theme	familiar	172:179	arg1	phenomenon					181:190	This familiar phenomenon	167:190	This familiar phenomenon	167:190	This familiar phenomenon is manifested in smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves.
26223457	6	60	theme	soggy	740:744	arg1	states					746:751	the brittle and soggy states	724:751	states	746:751	The transition between the brittle and soggy states, however, appears sharper in the apparent fractal dimension compared with moisture plot.
26223457	4	61	contain	has	510:512	arg1	relationship					419:430	The relationship	415:430	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity	415:508	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	4	61	contain	has	510:512	arg2	shape					539:543	a characteristic sigmoid shape	514:543	a characteristic sigmoid shape	514:543	The relationship between the apparent fractal dimension and moisture content or water activity has a characteristic sigmoid shape.
26223457	7	62	theme	moisture	902:909	arg1	content					911:917	moisture content	902:917	moisture content	902:917	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
26223457	11	63	theme	published	1631:1639	arg1	reports					1641:1647	other published reports	1625:1647	other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems	1625:1702	This can explain other published reports of the phenomenon in different foods and model systems.
26223457	8	64	theme	Butter	1100:1105	arg1	Crunch®					1107:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch®	1082:1113	commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal)	1082:1141	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	2	65	theme	force-displacement	237:254	arg1	curves					256:261	smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves	209:261	smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves	209:261	This familiar phenomenon is manifested in smoothing their compressive force-displacement curves.
26223457	8	66	theme	pork	1243:1246	arg1	skin					1248:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	salty deep-fried pork skin	1226:1251	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	8	66	theme	pork	1243:1246	arg1	"					1223:1223	"Chicharon"	1213:1223	"Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin)	1213:1252	We show this phenomenon in commercial Peanut Butter Crunch® (sweet starch-based cereal), Cheese Balls (salty starch-based snack), and Pork Rind also known as "Chicharon" (salty deep-fried pork skin), 3 crunchy foods that have very different chemical composition.
26223457	7	67	theme	moderate	883:890	arg1	levels					892:897	moderate levels	883:897	moderate levels of moisture content	883:917	Less familiar is the observation that at moderate levels of moisture content, while the particles' crunchiness is being lost, their stiffness actually rises, a phenomenon that can be dubbed "moisture toughening."
24001809	0	0	theme	quercetin	75:83	arg1	addition					85:92	quercetin addition	75:92	quercetin addition	75:92	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	6	1	theme	encapsulated	1016:1027	arg1	beads					1033:1037	the encapsulated oil beads	1012:1037	the encapsulated oil beads	1012:1037	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	4	2	from	Quercetin	795:803	arg1	storage					771:777	storage	771:777	storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration	771:861	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	2	3	theme	electron	325:332	arg1	microscopy					334:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	6	4	theme	FTIR	931:934	arg1	analyses					945:952	FTIR and HPLC analyses	931:952	analyses	945:952	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	3	5	attach	released	626:633	arg1	beads					640:644	beads	640:644	beads	640:644	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	3	5	attach	released	626:633	arg2	phenolics					616:624	phenolics	616:624	phenolics released from beads	616:644	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	4	6	theme	quercetin	688:696	arg1	approach					707:714	The quercetin addition approach	684:714	The quercetin addition approach	684:714	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	0	7	theme	addition	85:92	arg1	effect					65:70	effect	65:70	effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core	65:122	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	5	8	theme	phenolic	899:906	arg1	content					908:914	a higher phenolic content	890:914	a higher phenolic content	890:914	Quercetin in shell caused a higher phenolic content after storage.
24001809	3	9	theme	surface	457:463	arg1	characteristics					465:479	surface characteristics	457:479	surface characteristics	457:479	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	1	10	theme	co-extrusion	149:160	arg1	encapsulation					162:174	the co-extrusion encapsulation	145:174	the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate	145:200	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	0	11	theme	alginate	97:104	arg1	shell					106:110	alginate shell	97:110	alginate shell	97:110	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	4	12	theme	addition	698:705	arg1	approach					707:714	The quercetin addition approach	684:714	The quercetin addition approach	684:714	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	2	13	theme	diameter	373:380	arg1	beads					364:368	spherical beads	354:368	spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm	354:412	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	4	14	from	storage	771:777	arg1	core					812:815	the core	808:815	the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration	808:861	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	5	15	from	Quercetin	864:872	arg1	shell					877:881	shell	877:881	shell	877:881	Quercetin in shell caused a higher phenolic content after storage.
24001809	6	16	theme	chemical	988:995	arg1	composition					997:1007	the chemical composition	984:1007	the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage	984:1052	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	6	17	used	used	959:962	arg2	analyses					945:952	FTIR and HPLC analyses	931:952	analyses	945:952	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	3	18	dep	pH	558:559	arg1	pH					579:580	pH 3	579:582	pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h	558:589	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	1	19	theme	canola	179:184	arg1	oil					186:188	canola oil	179:188	canola oil	179:188	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	0	20	theme	oil	20:22	arg1	Stability					0:8	Stability	0:8	Stability of canola oil	0:22	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	0	21	theme	oil	115:117	arg1	core					119:122	oil core	115:122	oil core	115:122	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	4	22	theme	oil	760:762	arg1	stability					740:748	the stability	736:748	the stability of canola oil	736:762	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	1	23	theme	oil	186:188	arg1	encapsulation					162:174	the co-extrusion encapsulation	145:174	the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate	145:200	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	0	24	theme	canola	13:18	arg1	oil					20:22	canola oil	13:22	canola oil	13:22	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	1	25	theme	oil	262:264	arg1	core					266:269	the oil core	258:269	the oil core	258:269	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	4	26	theme	oil	845:847	arg1	deterioration					849:861	oil deterioration	845:861	oil deterioration	845:861	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	2	27	theme	thickness	398:406	arg1	beads					364:368	spherical beads	354:368	spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm	354:412	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	4	28	theme	canola	753:758	arg1	oil					760:762	canola oil	753:762	canola oil	753:762	The quercetin addition approach strongly influenced the stability of canola oil during storage at 20 and 38°C. Quercetin in the core more effectively suppressed oil deterioration.
24001809	3	29	theme	Bead	415:418	arg1	appearance					420:429	Bead appearance	415:429	Bead appearance	415:429	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	2	30	theme	wall	393:396	arg1	thickness					398:406	wall thickness ∼65μm	393:412	wall thickness ∼65μm	393:412	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	1	31	theme	alginate	274:281	arg1	shell					283:287	alginate shell	274:287	alginate shell	274:287	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	6	32	theme	beads	1033:1037	arg1	composition					997:1007	the chemical composition	984:1007	the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage	984:1052	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	2	33	theme	scanning	316:323	arg1	microscopy					334:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	0	34	theme	co-extrusion	40:51	arg1	technology					53:62	co-extrusion technology	40:62	co-extrusion technology	40:62	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	1	35	dep	incorporated	235:246	arg1	shell					283:287	alginate shell	274:287	alginate shell	274:287	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	1	35	dep	incorporated	235:246	arg1	either					248:253	either	248:253	either	248:253	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	0	36	dep	encapsulated	24:35	arg1	effect					65:70	effect	65:70	effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core	65:122	Stability of canola oil encapsulated by co-extrusion technology: effect of quercetin addition to alginate shell or oil core.
24001809	2	37	theme	environmental	302:314	arg1	microscopy					334:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	6	38	from	changes	973:979	arg1	composition					997:1007	the chemical composition	984:1007	the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage	984:1052	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	1	39	dep	either	248:253	arg1	core					266:269	the oil core	258:269	the oil core	258:269	This study examines the co-extrusion encapsulation of canola oil by alginate, with an antioxidant (quercetin) incorporated either in the oil core or alginate shell.
24001809	5	40	theme	higher	892:897	arg1	content					908:914	a higher phenolic content	890:914	a higher phenolic content	890:914	Quercetin in shell caused a higher phenolic content after storage.
24001809	2	41	theme	Optical	290:296	arg1	microscopy					334:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy	290:343	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	3	42	theme	wall	438:441	arg1	thickness					443:451	wall thickness	438:451	wall thickness	438:451	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	2	43	theme	spherical	354:362	arg1	beads					364:368	spherical beads	354:368	spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm	354:412	Optical and environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed spherical beads of diameter ∼350μm and wall thickness ∼65μm.
24001809	3	44	theme	phenolics	616:624	arg1	phenolics					616:624	phenolics	616:624	phenolics released from beads	616:644	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	3	44	theme	phenolics	616:624	arg1	amounts					605:611	the amounts	601:611	the amounts of phenolics released from beads	601:644	Bead appearance, size, wall thickness and surface characteristics did not change appreciably after treatments at pH 3 for 2h, pH 6.5 for 2h or pH 6.5 for 1min then pH 3 for 2h, although the amounts of phenolics released from beads differed depending on the conditions.
24001809	6	45	theme	oil	1029:1031	arg1	beads					1033:1037	the encapsulated oil beads	1012:1037	the encapsulated oil beads	1012:1037	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
24001809	6	46	theme	HPLC	940:943	arg1	analyses					945:952	FTIR and HPLC analyses	931:952	analyses	945:952	FTIR and HPLC analyses were used to track changes in the chemical composition of the encapsulated oil beads during storage.
25115666	0	0	theme	microspheres	82:93	arg1	properties					53:62	the properties	49:62	the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation	49:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	7	1	theme	higher	1321:1326	arg1	diameter					1363:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	1	theme	higher	1321:1326	arg1	content					1333:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	2	dep	in	1397:1398	arg1	vitro					1400:1404	vitro	1400:1404	vitro	1400:1404	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	0	3	theme	chitosan-based	67:80	arg1	microspheres					82:93	chitosan-based microspheres	67:93	chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation	67:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	3	4	theme	5-aminosalicylic	679:694	arg1	5-ASA					702:706	5-ASA	702:706	5-ASA	702:706	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	3	4	theme	5-aminosalicylic	679:694	arg1	acid					696:699	5-aminosalicylic acid	679:699	5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal	679:811	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	7	5	theme	chitosan	1476:1483	arg1	dispersion					1485:1494	chitosan dispersion	1476:1494	chitosan dispersion only	1476:1499	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	1	6	theme	experimental	149:160	arg1	study					162:166	this experimental study	144:166	this experimental study	144:166	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	1	7	theme	external	246:253	arg1	gelation					259:266	external ion gelation	246:266	external ion gelation	246:266	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	4	8	theme	composition	930:940	arg1	influence					871:879	the influence	867:879	the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug)	867:1026	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	0	9	from	[Impact	0:6	arg1	properties					53:62	the properties	49:62	the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation	49:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	4	10	theme	concentration	888:900	arg1	influence					871:879	the influence	867:879	the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug)	867:1026	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	6	11	theme	sphericity	1181:1190	arg1	case					1173:1176	the case	1169:1176	the case of sphericity	1169:1190	In the case of sphericity, significant differences were not found.
25115666	1	12	theme	ion	255:257	arg1	gelation					259:266	external ion gelation	246:266	external ion gelation	246:266	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	6	13	located	found	1226:1230	arg1	case					1173:1176	the case	1169:1176	the case of sphericity	1169:1190	In the case of sphericity, significant differences were not found.
25115666	6	13	located	found	1226:1230	arg2	differences					1205:1215	significant differences	1193:1215	significant differences	1193:1215	In the case of sphericity, significant differences were not found.
25115666	0	14	theme	ionic	116:120	arg1	gelation					122:129	external ionic gelation	107:129	external ionic gelation	107:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	3	15	dep	results	601:607	arg1	the					553:555	the	553:555	the	553:555	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	3	15	dep	results	601:607	arg1	basis					557:561	basis	557:561	basis	557:561	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	7	16	theme	drug	1406:1409	arg1	release					1411:1417	a faster in vitro drug release	1388:1417	a faster in vitro drug release	1388:1417	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	1	17	theme	study	162:166	arg1	aim					137:139	The aim	133:139	The aim of this experimental study	133:166	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	0	18	theme	external	107:114	arg1	gelation					122:129	external ionic gelation	107:129	external ionic gelation	107:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	3	19	from	instrument	742:751	arg1	optimal					805:811	optimal	805:811	optimal	805:811	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	3	19	from	instrument	742:751	arg1	position					767:774	horizontal position	756:774	horizontal position	756:774	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	7	20	theme	equivalent	1352:1361	arg1	diameter					1363:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	20	theme	equivalent	1352:1361	arg1	content					1333:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	21	contain	had	1315:1317	arg2	content					1333:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	21	contain	had	1315:1317	arg2	diameter					1363:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	21	contain	had	1315:1317	arg1	Samples					1233:1239	Samples	1233:1239	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution	1233:1313	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	4	22	theme	sodium	969:974	arg1	TPP					994:996	TPP	994:996	TPP	994:996	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	22	theme	sodium	969:974	arg1	tripolyphosphate					976:991	sodium tripolyphosphate	969:991	sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)	969:997	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	5	23	theme	equivalent	1096:1105	arg1	diameter					1107:1114	the equivalent diameter	1092:1114	the equivalent diameter	1092:1114	In prepared 5-ASA microspheres it was found that the equivalent diameter increased with increasing chitosan concentration.
25115666	2	24	dep	extrusion	477:485	arg1	horizontal					488:497	horizontal	488:497	horizontal	488:497	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	24	dep	extrusion	477:485	arg1	vertical					503:510	vertical	503:510	vertical	503:510	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	25	theme	dispersions	383:393	arg1	concentration					357:369	the concentration	353:369	the concentration of chitosan dispersions	353:393	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	25	theme	dispersions	383:393	arg1	variable					423:430	a formulation variable	409:430	a formulation variable	409:430	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	6	26	theme	significant	1193:1203	arg1	differences					1205:1215	significant differences	1193:1215	significant differences	1193:1215	In the case of sphericity, significant differences were not found.
25115666	4	27	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg1	%					1005:1005	10%	1003:1005	10% TPP containing drug	1003:1025	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	27	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg2	drug					1022:1025	drug	1022:1025	drug	1022:1025	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	27	contain	containing	1011:1020	arg1	solution					955:962	hardening solution	945:962	hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug)	945:1026	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	7	28	theme	hardening	1296:1304	arg1	solution					1306:1313	hardening solution	1296:1313	hardening solution	1296:1313	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	2	29	theme	chitosan	374:381	arg1	dispersions					383:393	chitosan dispersions	374:393	chitosan dispersions	374:393	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	3	30	theme	acid	696:699	arg1	encapsulation					709:721	5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation	679:721	5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal	679:811	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	4	31	theme	consequent	817:826	arg1	preparation					854:864	consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation	817:864	consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation	817:864	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	7	32	dep	faster	1390:1395	arg1	in					1397:1398	in	1397:1398	in	1397:1398	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	0	33	theme	formulation	11:21	arg1	[Impact					0:6	[Impact	0:6	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation	0:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	3	34	theme	extrusion	732:740	arg1	instrument					742:751	the extrusion instrument	728:751	the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal	728:811	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	2	35	theme	process	532:538	arg1	position					437:444	the position	433:444	the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical)	433:511	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	35	theme	process	532:538	arg1	variable					540:547	a process variable	530:547	a process variable	530:547	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	5	36	theme	5-ASA	1055:1059	arg1	microspheres					1061:1072	prepared 5-ASA microspheres	1046:1072	prepared 5-ASA microspheres	1046:1072	In prepared 5-ASA microspheres it was found that the equivalent diameter increased with increasing chitosan concentration.
25115666	7	37	theme	faster	1390:1395	arg1	release					1411:1417	a faster in vitro drug release	1388:1417	a faster in vitro drug release	1388:1417	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	2	38	theme	formulation	411:421	arg1	concentration					357:369	the concentration	353:369	the concentration of chitosan dispersions	353:393	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	38	theme	formulation	411:421	arg1	variable					423:430	a formulation variable	409:430	a formulation variable	409:430	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	39	theme	dispersion	466:475	arg1	extrusion					477:485	a dispersion extrusion	464:485	a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical)	464:511	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	1	40	theme	selected	284:291	arg1	aspects					293:299	selected aspects	284:299	selected aspects of their preparation	284:320	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	4	41	theme	solution	955:962	arg1	influence					871:879	the influence	867:879	the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug)	867:1026	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	3	42	theme	chitosan	644:651	arg1	dispersions					653:663	chitosan dispersions	644:663	chitosan dispersions	644:663	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	3	43	used	used	670:673	arg2	concentrations					626:639	three different concentrations	610:639	three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions	610:663	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	0	44	theme	process	27:33	arg1	[Impact					0:6	[Impact	0:6	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation	0:129	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	5	45	theme	chitosan	1142:1149	arg1	concentration					1151:1163	chitosan concentration	1142:1163	chitosan concentration	1142:1163	In prepared 5-ASA microspheres it was found that the equivalent diameter increased with increasing chitosan concentration.
25115666	4	46	theme	hardening	945:953	arg1	%					967:967	10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug	965:1025	%	967:967	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	46	theme	hardening	945:953	arg1	%					1005:1005	10%	1003:1005	10% TPP containing drug	1003:1025	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	46	theme	hardening	945:953	arg1	solution					955:962	hardening solution	945:962	hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug)	945:1026	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	3	47	theme	different	616:624	arg1	concentrations					626:639	three different concentrations	610:639	three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions	610:663	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	3	48	theme	equivalent	581:590	arg1	diameter					592:599	equivalent diameter	581:599	equivalent diameter	581:599	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	1	49	theme	microspheres	201:212	arg1	preparation					186:196	a preparation	184:196	a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation	184:266	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	7	50	from	drug	1468:1471	arg1	dispersion					1485:1494	chitosan dispersion	1476:1494	chitosan dispersion only	1476:1499	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	4	51	theme	chitosan	905:912	arg1	dispersions					914:924	chitosan dispersions	905:924	chitosan dispersions	905:924	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	3	52	theme	horizontal	756:765	arg1	optimal					805:811	optimal	805:811	optimal	805:811	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	3	52	theme	horizontal	756:765	arg1	position					767:774	horizontal position	756:774	horizontal position	756:774	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	4	53	theme	drug-loaded	828:838	arg1	preparation					854:864	consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation	817:864	consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation	817:864	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	7	54	theme	chitosan	1272:1279	arg1	dispersion					1281:1290	chitosan dispersion	1272:1290	chitosan dispersion	1272:1290	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	2	55	theme	instrument	449:458	arg1	position					437:444	the position	433:444	the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical)	433:511	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	2	55	theme	instrument	449:458	arg1	variable					540:547	a process variable	530:547	a process variable	530:547	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	4	56	theme	microparticle	840:852	arg1	preparation					854:864	consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation	817:864	consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation	817:864	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	1	57	from	chitosan	234:241	arg1	preparation					186:196	a preparation	184:196	a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation	184:266	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	3	58	theme	sphericity	566:575	arg1	results					601:607	sphericity and equivalent diameter results	566:607	sphericity and equivalent diameter results	566:607	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	2	59	theme	drug-free	327:335	arg1	microparticles					337:350	drug-free microparticles	327:350	drug-free microparticles	327:350	For drug-free microparticles, the concentration of chitosan dispersions was chosen as a formulation variable; the position of instrument for a dispersion extrusion (horizontal vs. vertical) was evaluated as a process variable.
25115666	1	60	theme	preparation	310:320	arg1	aspects					293:299	selected aspects	284:299	selected aspects of their preparation	284:320	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	7	61	theme	drug	1328:1331	arg1	diameter					1363:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	61	theme	drug	1328:1331	arg1	content					1333:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	62	theme	smaller	1344:1350	arg1	diameter					1363:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	a smaller equivalent diameter	1342:1370	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	62	theme	smaller	1344:1350	arg1	content					1333:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	a higher drug content	1319:1339	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	3	63	with	encapsulation	709:721	arg1	instrument					742:751	the extrusion instrument	728:751	the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal	728:811	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	4	64	theme	dispersions	914:924	arg1	composition					930:940	composition	930:940	composition	930:940	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	64	theme	dispersions	914:924	arg1	concentration					888:900	the concentration	884:900	the concentration of chitosan dispersions	884:924	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	3	65	theme	dispersions	653:663	arg1	concentrations					626:639	three different concentrations	610:639	three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions	610:663	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	0	66	dep	formulation	11:21	arg1	parameters					35:44	parameters	35:44	parameters	35:44	[Impact of formulation and process parameters on the properties of chitosan-based microspheres prepared by external ionic gelation].
25115666	7	67	from	drug	1259:1262	arg1	solution					1306:1313	hardening solution	1296:1313	hardening solution	1296:1313	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	7	67	from	drug	1259:1262	arg1	dispersion					1281:1290	chitosan dispersion	1272:1290	chitosan dispersion	1272:1290	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	1	68	theme	high	219:222	arg1	chitosan					234:241	high viscosity chitosan	219:241	high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation	219:266	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	5	69	theme	prepared	1046:1053	arg1	microspheres					1061:1072	prepared 5-ASA microspheres	1046:1072	prepared 5-ASA microspheres	1046:1072	In prepared 5-ASA microspheres it was found that the equivalent diameter increased with increasing chitosan concentration.
25115666	3	70	theme	diameter	592:599	arg1	results					601:607	sphericity and equivalent diameter results	566:607	sphericity and equivalent diameter results	566:607	On the basis of sphericity and equivalent diameter results, three different concentrations of chitosan dispersions were used for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) encapsulation with the extrusion instrument in horizontal position, which was considered as the optimal.
25115666	7	71	with	comparison	1422:1431	arg1	samples					1442:1448	the samples	1438:1448	the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only	1438:1499	Samples prepared with the drug in both chitosan dispersion and hardening solution had a higher drug content, a smaller equivalent diameter and they showed a faster in vitro drug release in comparison with the samples prepared with the drug in chitosan dispersion only.
25115666	4	72	dep	%	967:967	arg1	TPP					994:996	TPP	994:996	TPP	994:996	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	4	72	dep	%	967:967	arg1	tripolyphosphate					976:991	sodium tripolyphosphate	969:991	sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)	969:997	In consequent drug-loaded microparticle preparation, the influence of the concentration of chitosan dispersions and composition of hardening solution (10% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) vs. 10% TPP containing drug) was evaluated.
25115666	1	73	theme	viscosity	224:232	arg1	chitosan					234:241	high viscosity chitosan	219:241	high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation	219:266	The aim of this experimental study was to optimize a preparation of microspheres from high viscosity chitosan by external ion gelation and to evaluate selected aspects of their preparation.
25115666	5	74	located	found	1081:1085	arg1	microspheres					1061:1072	prepared 5-ASA microspheres	1046:1072	prepared 5-ASA microspheres	1046:1072	In prepared 5-ASA microspheres it was found that the equivalent diameter increased with increasing chitosan concentration.
25115666	5	74	located	found	1081:1085	arg2	it					1074:1075	it	1074:1075	it	1074:1075	In prepared 5-ASA microspheres it was found that the equivalent diameter increased with increasing chitosan concentration.
25109458	6	0	theme	rapid	966:970	arg1	kinetics					980:987	rapid gelling kinetics	966:987	rapid gelling kinetics	966:987	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	4	1	theme	grain	552:556	arg1	size					558:561	grain size	552:561	grain size	552:561	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	2	theme	powders	599:605	arg1	size					558:561	grain size	552:561	grain size	552:561	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	2	theme	powders	599:605	arg1	area					584:587	specific surface area	567:587	specific surface area	567:587	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	3	dep	size	558:561	arg1	the					548:550	the	548:550	the	548:550	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	2	4	theme	cross-linking	302:314	arg1	agent					316:320	cross-linking agent	302:320	cross-linking agent	302:320	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	4	5	from	temperature	703:713	arg1	properties					667:676	rheological properties	655:676	rheological properties	655:676	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	5	from	temperature	703:713	arg1	hydrogels					685:693	the hydrogels	681:693	the hydrogels at room temperature	681:713	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	5	from	temperature	703:713	arg1	time					646:649	gelling time	638:649	gelling time	638:649	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	2	6	contain	possesses	264:272	arg1	HA					261:262	HA	261:262	HA	261:262	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	2	6	contain	possesses	264:272	arg2	functionality					285:297	the double functionality	274:297	the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement	274:348	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	5	7	theme	cross-links	773:783	arg1	formation					754:762	the formation	750:762	the formation of ionic cross-links	750:783	Pectin pH is also significant for the formation of ionic cross-links and therefore for the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures.
25109458	6	8	theme	nanometric	1040:1049	arg1	hydroxyapatite					1051:1064	the nanometric hydroxyapatite	1036:1064	the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work	1036:1096	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	1	9	theme	internal	132:139	arg1	gelation					141:148	internal gelation	132:148	internal gelation	132:148	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	1	10	theme	Pectin-based	79:90	arg1	hydrogels					105:113	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels	79:113	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels	79:113	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	4	11	theme	room	698:701	arg1	temperature					703:713	room temperature	698:713	room temperature	698:713	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	12	theme	hydrogels	685:693	arg1	properties					667:676	rheological properties	655:676	rheological properties	655:676	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	12	theme	hydrogels	685:693	arg1	time					646:649	gelling time	638:649	gelling time	638:649	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	3	13	theme	grain	382:386	arg1	size					388:391	grain size	382:391	grain size	382:391	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	1	14	theme	biocomposite	92:103	arg1	hydrogels					105:113	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels	79:113	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels	79:113	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	5	15	theme	higher	830:835	arg1	temperatures					837:848	higher temperatures	830:848	higher temperatures	830:848	Pectin pH is also significant for the formation of ionic cross-links and therefore for the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures.
25109458	5	16	from	temperatures	837:848	arg1	stability					817:825	the hydrogels stability	803:825	the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures	803:848	Pectin pH is also significant for the formation of ionic cross-links and therefore for the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures.
25109458	4	17	from	time	646:649	arg1	temperature					703:713	room temperature	698:713	room temperature	698:713	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	2	18	theme	reinforcement	336:348	arg1	functionality					285:297	the double functionality	274:297	the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement	274:348	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	6	19	theme	homogeneous	1130:1140	arg1	hydrogels					1142:1150	homogeneous hydrogels	1130:1150	homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1130:1195	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	3	20	theme	powders	457:463	arg1	area					411:414	specific surface area	394:414	specific surface area	394:414	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	3	20	theme	powders	457:463	arg1	composition					369:379	mineralogical composition	355:379	mineralogical composition	355:379	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	3	20	theme	powders	457:463	arg1	size					388:391	grain size	382:391	grain size	382:391	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	3	20	theme	powders	457:463	arg1	microstructure					420:433	microstructure	420:433	microstructure	420:433	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	2	21	theme	inorganic	326:334	arg1	reinforcement					336:348	inorganic reinforcement	326:348	inorganic reinforcement	326:348	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	1	22	theme	commercial	200:209	arg1	source					211:216	commercial source	200:216	commercial source	200:216	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	3	23	theme	specific	394:401	arg1	area					411:414	specific surface area	394:414	specific surface area	394:414	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	4	24	from	properties	667:676	arg1	temperature					703:713	room temperature	698:713	room temperature	698:713	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	25	theme	rheological	655:665	arg1	properties					667:676	rheological properties	655:676	rheological properties	655:676	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	3	26	theme	surface	403:409	arg1	area					411:414	specific surface area	394:414	specific surface area	394:414	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	4	27	theme	HA	596:597	arg1	powders					599:605	the HA powders	592:605	the HA powders	592:605	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	2	28	theme	agent	316:320	arg1	functionality					285:297	the double functionality	274:297	the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement	274:348	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	6	29	theme	gelling	1180:1186	arg1	kinetics					1188:1195	more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1157:1195	more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1157:1195	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	6	30	dep	point	872:876	arg1	out					878:880	out	878:880	out	878:880	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	6	31	theme	best	1108:1111	arg1	choice					1113:1118	the best choice	1104:1118	the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1104:1195	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	0	32	theme	active	34:39	arg1	reinforcement					41:53	active reinforcement	34:53	active reinforcement	34:53	Micro- and nano-hydroxyapatite as active reinforcement for soft biocomposites.
25109458	6	33	theme	mechanical	1002:1011	arg1	properties					1013:1022	improved mechanical properties	993:1022	improved mechanical properties	993:1022	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	3	34	theme	hydroxyapatite	442:455	arg1	powders					457:463	the hydroxyapatite powders	438:463	the hydroxyapatite powders	438:463	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	6	35	theme	micrometric-size	887:902	arg1	hydroxyapatite					904:917	micrometric-size hydroxyapatite	887:917	micrometric-size hydroxyapatite	887:917	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	6	36	theme	present	1085:1091	arg1	work					1093:1096	the present work	1081:1096	the present work	1081:1096	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	5	37	theme	ionic	767:771	arg1	cross-links					773:783	ionic cross-links	767:783	ionic cross-links	767:783	Pectin pH is also significant for the formation of ionic cross-links and therefore for the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures.
25109458	0	38	theme	soft	59:62	arg1	biocomposites					64:76	soft biocomposites	59:76	soft biocomposites	59:76	Micro- and nano-hydroxyapatite as active reinforcement for soft biocomposites.
25109458	6	39	theme	improved	993:1000	arg1	properties					1013:1022	improved mechanical properties	993:1022	improved mechanical properties	993:1022	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	6	40	with	hydrogels	1142:1150	arg1	kinetics					1188:1195	more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1157:1195	more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1157:1195	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	3	41	theme	biocomposites	519:531	arg1	properties					501:510	the properties	497:510	the properties of the biocomposites	497:531	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	4	42	theme	surface	576:582	arg1	area					584:587	specific surface area	567:587	specific surface area	567:587	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	43	dep	time	646:649	arg1	the					634:636	the	634:636	the	634:636	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	4	44	theme	specific	567:574	arg1	area					584:587	specific surface area	567:587	specific surface area	567:587	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25109458	5	45	theme	Pectin	716:721	arg1	pH					723:724	Pectin pH	716:724	Pectin pH	716:724	Pectin pH is also significant for the formation of ionic cross-links and therefore for the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures.
25109458	2	46	theme	double	278:283	arg1	functionality					285:297	the double functionality	274:297	the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement	274:348	HA possesses the double functionality of cross-linking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25109458	6	47	theme	controlled	1169:1178	arg1	kinetics					1188:1195	more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1157:1195	more easily controlled gelling kinetics	1157:1195	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	1	48	theme	wet	240:242	arg1	method					253:258	the wet chemical method	236:258	the wet chemical method	236:258	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	3	49	theme	mineralogical	355:367	arg1	composition					369:379	mineralogical composition	355:379	mineralogical composition	355:379	The mineralogical composition, grain size, specific surface area and microstructure of the hydroxyapatite powders are shown to strongly influence the properties of the biocomposites.
25109458	6	50	theme	obtained	855:862	arg1	results					864:870	The obtained results	851:870	The obtained results	851:870	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	1	51	theme	different	157:165	arg1	powders					187:193	different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders	157:193	different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders	157:193	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	1	52	theme	chemical	244:251	arg1	method					253:258	the wet chemical method	236:258	the wet chemical method	236:258	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	6	53	theme	gelling	972:978	arg1	kinetics					980:987	rapid gelling kinetics	966:987	rapid gelling kinetics	966:987	The obtained results point out that micrometric-size hydroxyapatite can be proposed for applications which require rapid gelling kinetics and improved mechanical properties; conversely the nanometric hydroxyapatite synthesized in the present work seems the best choice to obtain homogeneous hydrogels with more easily controlled gelling kinetics.
25109458	5	54	theme	hydrogels	807:815	arg1	stability					817:825	the hydrogels stability	803:825	the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures	803:848	Pectin pH is also significant for the formation of ionic cross-links and therefore for the hydrogels stability at higher temperatures.
25109458	1	55	theme	hydroxyapatite	167:180	arg1	powders					187:193	different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders	157:193	different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders	157:193	Pectin-based biocomposite hydrogels were produced by internal gelation, using different hydroxyapatite (HA) powders from commercial source or synthesized by the wet chemical method.
25109458	4	56	theme	gelling	638:644	arg1	time					646:649	gelling time	638:649	gelling time	638:649	Specifically, the grain size and specific surface area of the HA powders are strictly correlated to the gelling time and rheological properties of the hydrogels at room temperature.
25807417	10	0	theme	B-GOS	1522:1526	arg1	juices					1528:1533	B-GOS juices	1522:1533	B-GOS juices	1522:1533	Furthermore, B-GOS juices showed positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
25807417	7	1	theme	juice	1084:1088	arg1	formulations					1090:1101	The three juice formulations	1074:1101	The three juice formulations	1074:1101	The three juice formulations were digested under conditions resembling the gastric and small intestinal environments.
25807417	1	2	theme	prebiotic	244:252	arg1	activity					254:261	prebiotic activity	244:261	prebiotic activity	244:261	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	4	3	theme	B-GOS	829:833	arg1	exception					816:824	the exception	812:824	the exception of B-GOS	812:833	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	4	theme	positive	677:684	arg1	juice					694:698	a positive control juice	675:698	a positive control juice	675:698	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	5	theme	relative	786:793	arg1	proportions					795:805	the same relative proportions	777:805	the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS	777:833	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	12	6	theme	B-GOS	1790:1794	arg1	juice					1796:1800	B-GOS juice	1790:1800	B-GOS juice	1790:1800	Furthermore, fermentation of B-GOS juice resulted in an increase in Roseburia subcluster and concomitantly increased butyrate production, which is of potential benefit to the host.
25807417	4	7	theme	juice--orange	621:633	arg1	juice					635:639	a control juice--orange juice	611:639	a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno	611:669	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	8	8	theme	microbiota	1228:1237	arg1	microbiota					1228:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	8	theme	microbiota	1228:1237	arg1	groups					1207:1212	Main bacterial groups	1192:1212	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota	1192:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	10	9	theme	metabolic	1597:1605	arg1	activity					1607:1614	metabolic activity	1597:1614	metabolic activity	1597:1614	Furthermore, B-GOS juices showed positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
25807417	9	10	theme	short	1451:1455	arg1	SCFAs					1476:1480	SCFAs	1476:1480	SCFAs	1476:1480	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	9	10	theme	short	1451:1455	arg1	acids					1469:1473	short chain fatty acids	1451:1473	short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	1451:1481	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	4	11	theme	juice	604:608	arg1	production					584:593	the production	580:593	the production of B-GOS juice	580:608	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	10	12	theme	composition	1581:1591	arg1	modulations					1551:1561	positive modulations	1542:1561	positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity	1542:1614	Furthermore, B-GOS juices showed positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
25807417	9	13	theme	fatty	1463:1467	arg1	SCFAs					1476:1480	SCFAs	1476:1480	SCFAs	1476:1480	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	9	13	theme	fatty	1463:1467	arg1	acids					1469:1473	short chain fatty acids	1451:1473	short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	1451:1481	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	8	14	theme	Main	1192:1195	arg1	microbiota					1228:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	14	theme	Main	1192:1195	arg1	groups					1207:1212	Main bacterial groups	1192:1212	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota	1192:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	1	15	theme	three-stage	105:115	arg1	system					155:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	1	16	from	effect	195:200	arg1	activity					254:261	prebiotic activity	244:261	prebiotic activity	244:261	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	8	17	theme	model	1277:1281	arg1	study					1283:1287	the colonic model study	1265:1287	the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	1265:1350	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	3	18	theme	juice	562:566	arg1	65°Brix					539:545	65°Brix	539:545	65°Brix of concentrate juice	539:566	The recipe development was based on incorporating 2.75g B-GOS into a 250 ml serving of juice (65°Brix of concentrate juice).
25807417	5	19	theme	Chromotography	864:877	arg1	analysis					879:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	9	20	theme	gas	1489:1491	arg1	chromatography					1493:1506	gas chromatography	1489:1506	gas chromatography	1489:1506	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	4	21	theme	additional	653:662	arg1	Bimuno					664:669	any additional Bimuno	649:669	any additional Bimuno	649:669	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	22	dep	Bimuno	734:739	arg1	galactose					751:759	galactose	751:759	galactose	751:759	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	22	dep	Bimuno	734:739	arg1	glucose					742:748	glucose	742:748	glucose	742:748	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	22	dep	Bimuno	734:739	arg1	lactose					765:771	lactose	765:771	lactose	765:771	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	8	23	theme	in	1323:1324	arg1	FISH					1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	23	theme	in	1323:1324	arg1	hybridization					1331:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization	1295:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	1295:1350	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	0	24	theme	in	72:73	arg1	system					95:100	an in vitro colonic model system	69:100	an in vitro colonic model system	69:100	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	9	25	from	effects	1363:1369	arg1	metabolism					1417:1426	microbial metabolism	1407:1426	microbial metabolism	1407:1426	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	5	26	theme	Ion	851:853	arg1	analysis					879:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	0	27	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	functionality					49:61	prebiotic functionality	39:61	prebiotic functionality	39:61	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	0	28	theme	colonic	81:87	arg1	system					95:100	an in vitro colonic model system	69:100	an in vitro colonic model system	69:100	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	13	29	theme	fecal	2040:2044	arg1	microbiota					2046:2055	the fecal microbiota	2036:2055	the fecal microbiota	2036:2055	In conclusion, this study has shown B-GOS within orange juice can have a beneficial effect on the fecal microbiota.
25807417	1	30	theme	fermentative	128:139	arg1	system					155:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	6	31	contain	had	1003:1005	arg1	sterilisation					989:1001	sterilisation	989:1001	sterilisation	989:1001	Data showed that sterilisation had no significant effect on concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars.
25807417	6	31	contain	had	1003:1005	arg2	effect					1022:1027	no significant effect	1007:1027	no significant effect	1007:1027	Data showed that sterilisation had no significant effect on concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars.
25807417	12	32	theme	potential	1911:1919	arg1	benefit					1921:1927	potential benefit	1911:1927	potential benefit to the host	1911:1939	Furthermore, fermentation of B-GOS juice resulted in an increase in Roseburia subcluster and concomitantly increased butyrate production, which is of potential benefit to the host.
25807417	5	33	theme	components	931:940	arg1	maintenance					909:919	the maintenance	905:919	the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process	905:969	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	7	34	theme	gastric	1149:1155	arg1	environments					1178:1189	the gastric and small intestinal environments	1145:1189	the gastric and small intestinal environments	1145:1189	The three juice formulations were digested under conditions resembling the gastric and small intestinal environments.
25807417	0	35	dep	in	72:73	arg1	vitro					75:79	vitro	75:79	vitro	75:79	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	3	36	theme	recipe	449:454	arg1	development					456:466	The recipe development	445:466	The recipe development	445:466	The recipe development was based on incorporating 2.75g B-GOS into a 250 ml serving of juice (65°Brix of concentrate juice).
25807417	0	37	theme	orange	11:16	arg1	formulation					24:34	orange juice formulation	11:34	orange juice formulation	11:34	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	8	38	theme	rRNA-based	1299:1308	arg1	FISH					1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	38	theme	rRNA-based	1299:1308	arg1	hybridization					1331:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization	1295:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	1295:1350	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	0	39	theme	formulation	24:34	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality	0:61	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	0	40	theme	prebiotic	39:47	arg1	functionality					49:61	prebiotic functionality	39:61	prebiotic functionality	39:61	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	9	41	theme	Potential	1353:1361	arg1	effects					1363:1369	Potential effects	1353:1369	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism	1353:1426	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	2	42	theme	GOS	314:316	arg1	mixture					318:324	a GOS mixture	312:324	a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS)	312:367	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	2	42	theme	GOS	314:316	arg1	Bimuno					304:309	Bimuno	304:309	Bimuno	304:309	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	1	43	theme	different	205:213	arg1	formulations					228:239	different orange juice formulations	205:239	different orange juice formulations	205:239	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	12	44	theme	butyrate	1878:1885	arg1	production					1887:1896	butyrate production	1878:1896	butyrate production	1878:1896	Furthermore, fermentation of B-GOS juice resulted in an increase in Roseburia subcluster and concomitantly increased butyrate production, which is of potential benefit to the host.
25807417	1	45	theme	model	149:153	arg1	system					155:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	10	46	theme	positive	1542:1549	arg1	modulations					1551:1561	positive modulations	1542:1561	positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity	1542:1614	Furthermore, B-GOS juices showed positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
25807417	1	47	theme	juice	222:226	arg1	formulations					228:239	different orange juice formulations	205:239	different orange juice formulations	205:239	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	6	48	theme	simple	1059:1064	arg1	sugars					1066:1071	B-GOS and simple sugars	1049:1071	B-GOS and simple sugars	1049:1071	Data showed that sterilisation had no significant effect on concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars.
25807417	11	49	theme	bifidobacteria	1650:1663	arg1	numbers					1632:1638	numbers	1632:1638	numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli	1632:1680	In particular, numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were significantly higher when B-GOS juice was fermented compared to controls.
25807417	3	50	theme	2.75g	495:499	arg1	B-GOS					501:505	2.75g B-GOS	495:505	2.75g B-GOS	495:505	The recipe development was based on incorporating 2.75g B-GOS into a 250 ml serving of juice (65°Brix of concentrate juice).
25807417	9	51	theme	juices	1397:1402	arg1	supplementation					1374:1388	supplementation	1374:1388	supplementation of the juices	1374:1402	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	6	52	theme	B-GOS	1049:1053	arg1	sugars					1066:1071	B-GOS and simple sugars	1049:1071	B-GOS and simple sugars	1049:1071	Data showed that sterilisation had no significant effect on concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars.
25807417	13	53	contain	have	2008:2011	arg1	juice					1998:2002	orange juice	1991:2002	orange juice	1991:2002	In conclusion, this study has shown B-GOS within orange juice can have a beneficial effect on the fecal microbiota.
25807417	13	53	contain	have	2008:2011	arg2	effect					2026:2031	a beneficial effect	2013:2031	a beneficial effect	2013:2031	In conclusion, this study has shown B-GOS within orange juice can have a beneficial effect on the fecal microbiota.
25807417	10	54	theme	microbiota	1570:1579	arg1	composition					1581:1591	the microbiota composition	1566:1591	the microbiota composition	1566:1591	Furthermore, B-GOS juices showed positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
25807417	9	55	theme	microbial	1407:1415	arg1	metabolism					1417:1426	microbial metabolism	1407:1426	microbial metabolism	1407:1426	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	12	56	theme	juice	1796:1800	arg1	fermentation					1774:1785	fermentation	1774:1785	fermentation of B-GOS juice	1774:1800	Furthermore, fermentation of B-GOS juice resulted in an increase in Roseburia subcluster and concomitantly increased butyrate production, which is of potential benefit to the host.
25807417	13	57	theme	orange	1991:1996	arg1	juice					1998:2002	orange juice	1991:2002	orange juice	1991:2002	In conclusion, this study has shown B-GOS within orange juice can have a beneficial effect on the fecal microbiota.
25807417	2	58	theme	different	270:278	arg1	juices					280:285	Three different juices	264:285	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS)	264:367	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	4	59	theme	same	781:784	arg1	proportions					795:805	the same relative proportions	777:805	the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS	777:833	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	60	theme	control	613:619	arg1	juice					635:639	a control juice--orange juice	611:639	a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno	611:669	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	10	61	theme	activity	1607:1614	arg1	modulations					1551:1561	positive modulations	1542:1561	positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity	1542:1614	Furthermore, B-GOS juices showed positive modulations of the microbiota composition and metabolic activity.
25807417	11	62	theme	lactobacilli	1669:1680	arg1	numbers					1632:1638	numbers	1632:1638	numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli	1632:1680	In particular, numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were significantly higher when B-GOS juice was fermented compared to controls.
25807417	8	63	theme	faecal	1221:1226	arg1	microbiota					1228:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	9	64	theme	chain	1457:1461	arg1	SCFAs					1476:1480	SCFAs	1476:1480	SCFAs	1476:1480	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	9	64	theme	chain	1457:1461	arg1	acids					1469:1473	short chain fatty acids	1451:1473	short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	1451:1481	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	4	65	theme	B-GOS	598:602	arg1	juice					604:608	B-GOS juice	598:608	B-GOS juice	598:608	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	66	contain	containing	701:710	arg2	components					720:729	all the components	712:729	all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose)	712:772	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	4	66	contain	containing	701:710	arg1	juice					694:698	a positive control juice	675:698	a positive control juice	675:698	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	7	67	theme	intestinal	1167:1176	arg1	environments					1178:1189	the gastric and small intestinal environments	1145:1189	the gastric and small intestinal environments	1145:1189	The three juice formulations were digested under conditions resembling the gastric and small intestinal environments.
25807417	3	68	theme	concentrate	550:560	arg1	juice					562:566	concentrate juice	550:566	concentrate juice	550:566	The recipe development was based on incorporating 2.75g B-GOS into a 250 ml serving of juice (65°Brix of concentrate juice).
25807417	5	69	theme	Exchange	855:862	arg1	analysis					879:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	8	70	theme	bacterial	1197:1205	arg1	microbiota					1228:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	the faecal microbiota	1217:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	70	theme	bacterial	1197:1205	arg1	groups					1207:1212	Main bacterial groups	1192:1212	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota	1192:1237	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	71	theme	colonic	1269:1275	arg1	study					1283:1287	the colonic model study	1265:1287	the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	1265:1350	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	1	72	theme	continuous	117:126	arg1	system					155:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	4	73	theme	control	686:692	arg1	juice					694:698	a positive control juice	675:698	a positive control juice	675:698	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	3	74	dep	juice	532:536	arg1	65°Brix					539:545	65°Brix	539:545	65°Brix of concentrate juice	539:566	The recipe development was based on incorporating 2.75g B-GOS into a 250 ml serving of juice (65°Brix of concentrate juice).
25807417	1	75	used	used	166:169	arg2	system					155:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	8	76	theme	16S	1295:1297	arg1	FISH					1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	76	theme	16S	1295:1297	arg1	hybridization					1331:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization	1295:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	1295:1350	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	4	77	with	proportions	795:805	arg1	exception					816:824	the exception	812:824	the exception of B-GOS	812:833	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	12	78	from	increase	1817:1824	arg1	subcluster					1839:1848	subcluster	1839:1848	subcluster	1839:1848	Furthermore, fermentation of B-GOS juice resulted in an increase in Roseburia subcluster and concomitantly increased butyrate production, which is of potential benefit to the host.
25807417	8	79	theme	fluorescence	1310:1321	arg1	FISH					1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	FISH	1346:1349	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	8	79	theme	fluorescence	1310:1321	arg1	hybridization					1331:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization	1295:1343	16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	1295:1350	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	0	80	theme	model	89:93	arg1	system					95:100	an in vitro colonic model system	69:100	an in vitro colonic model system	69:100	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	2	81	contain	containing	326:335	arg1	mixture					318:324	a GOS mixture	312:324	a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS)	312:367	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	2	81	contain	containing	326:335	arg2	B-GOS					362:366	B-GOS	362:366	B-GOS	362:366	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	2	81	contain	containing	326:335	arg1	Bimuno					304:309	Bimuno	304:309	Bimuno	304:309	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	2	81	contain	containing	326:335	arg2	galactooligosaccharides					337:359	galactooligosaccharides	337:359	galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS)	337:367	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	5	82	theme	bimuno	924:929	arg1	components					931:940	bimuno components	924:940	bimuno components	924:940	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	4	83	theme	Bimuno	734:739	arg1	components					720:729	all the components	712:729	all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose)	712:772	Alongside the production of B-GOS juice, a control juice--orange juice without any additional Bimuno and a positive control juice, containing all the components of Bimuno (glucose, galactose and lactose) in the same relative proportions with the exception of B-GOS were developed.
25807417	2	84	theme	bifidogenic	421:431	arg1	microbiota					433:442	a bifidogenic microbiota	419:442	a bifidogenic microbiota	419:442	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	5	85	used	used	892:895	arg2	analysis					879:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis	851:886	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	0	86	theme	juice	18:22	arg1	formulation					24:34	orange juice formulation	11:34	orange juice formulation	11:34	Effects of orange juice formulation on prebiotic functionality using an in vitro colonic model system.
25807417	6	87	theme	significant	1010:1020	arg1	effect					1022:1027	no significant effect	1007:1027	no significant effect	1007:1027	Data showed that sterilisation had no significant effect on concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars.
25807417	11	88	theme	B-GOS	1713:1717	arg1	juice					1719:1723	B-GOS juice	1713:1723	B-GOS juice	1713:1723	In particular, numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were significantly higher when B-GOS juice was fermented compared to controls.
25807417	2	89	theme	ability	401:407	arg1	terms					386:390	terms	386:390	terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota	386:442	Three different juices with and without Bimuno, a GOS mixture containing galactooligosaccharides (B-GOS) were assessed in terms of their ability to induce a bifidogenic microbiota.
25807417	8	90	dep	in	1323:1324	arg1	situ					1326:1329	situ	1326:1329	situ	1326:1329	Main bacterial groups of the faecal microbiota were evaluated throughout the colonic model study using 16S rRNA-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
25807417	13	91	theme	beneficial	2015:2024	arg1	effect					2026:2031	a beneficial effect	2013:2031	a beneficial effect	2013:2031	In conclusion, this study has shown B-GOS within orange juice can have a beneficial effect on the fecal microbiota.
25807417	1	92	theme	orange	215:220	arg1	formulations					228:239	different orange juice formulations	205:239	different orange juice formulations	205:239	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	1	93	theme	colonic	141:147	arg1	system					155:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system	103:160	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
25807417	9	94	theme	supplementation	1374:1388	arg1	effects					1363:1369	Potential effects	1353:1369	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism	1353:1426	Potential effects of supplementation of the juices on microbial metabolism were studied measuring short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography.
25807417	5	95	theme	production	952:961	arg1	process					963:969	the production process	948:969	the production process	948:969	Ion Exchange Chromotography analysis was used to test the maintenance of bimuno components after the production process.
25807417	6	96	theme	sugars	1066:1071	arg1	concentration					1032:1044	concentration	1032:1044	concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars	1032:1071	Data showed that sterilisation had no significant effect on concentration of B-GOS and simple sugars.
25807417	11	97	theme	faecal	1643:1648	arg1	bifidobacteria					1650:1663	faecal bifidobacteria	1643:1663	faecal bifidobacteria	1643:1663	In particular, numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were significantly higher when B-GOS juice was fermented compared to controls.
25807417	1	98	theme	formulations	228:239	arg1	effect					195:200	the effect	191:200	the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity	191:261	A three-stage continuous fermentative colonic model system was used to monitor in vitro the effect of different orange juice formulations on prebiotic activity.
28189990	5	0	theme	Competitive	754:764	arg1	model					771:775	Competitive Sips model	754:775	Competitive Sips model	754:775	Competitive Sips model predicts well the sorption data for all the sorbents.
28189990	1	1	theme	algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked	190:221	arg1	beads					257:261	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	beads	257:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	4	2	theme	sorption	710:717	arg1	sites					719:723	the sorption sites	706:723	the sorption sites	706:723	Kinetic studies confirm the occurrence of an ion-exchange mechanism between Pb(II) and Cu(II) as the sorption sites are progressively saturated.
28189990	4	2	theme	sorption	710:717	arg1	saturated					743:751	saturated	743:751	saturated	743:751	Kinetic studies confirm the occurrence of an ion-exchange mechanism between Pb(II) and Cu(II) as the sorption sites are progressively saturated.
28189990	6	3	from	negligible	890:899	arg1	system					843:848	Pb-Cu-Ca system	834:848	Pb-Cu-Ca system	834:848	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	5	4	theme	Sips	766:769	arg1	model					771:775	Competitive Sips model	754:775	Competitive Sips model	754:775	Competitive Sips model predicts well the sorption data for all the sorbents.
28189990	1	5	theme	polyethyleneimine	223:239	arg1	beads					257:261	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	beads	257:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	0	6	theme	algal-based	89:99	arg1	beads					101:105	alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads	59:105	alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads	59:105	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	1	7	theme	Ca	306:307	arg1	presence					294:301	presence	294:301	presence	294:301	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	1	7	theme	Ca	306:307	arg1	absence					282:288	absence	282:288	absence	282:288	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	0	8	theme	prepared	80:87	arg1	beads					101:105	alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads	59:105	alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads	59:105	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	3	9	contain	have	429:432	arg1	sorbents					420:427	all the sorbents	412:427	all the sorbents	412:427	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	3	9	contain	have	429:432	arg2	preference					448:457	a significant preference	434:457	a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II)	434:480	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	1	10	link	algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked	190:221	arg1	beads					257:261	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	beads	257:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	1	11	theme	PEI	242:244	arg1	beads					257:261	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	beads	257:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	1	12	dep	absence	282:288	arg1	the					278:280	the	278:280	the	278:280	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	6	13	from	system	843:848	arg1	negligible					890:899	negligible	890:899	negligible	890:899	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	6	13	from	system	843:848	arg1	sorption					862:869	the Cu(II) sorption	851:869	the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads	851:884	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	4	14	theme	mechanism	667:675	arg1	occurrence					637:646	the occurrence	633:646	the occurrence of an ion-exchange mechanism between Pb(II) and Cu(II)	633:701	Kinetic studies confirm the occurrence of an ion-exchange mechanism between Pb(II) and Cu(II) as the sorption sites are progressively saturated.
28189990	6	15	theme	Pb-Cu-Ca	834:841	arg1	system					843:848	Pb-Cu-Ca system	834:848	Pb-Cu-Ca system	834:848	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	4	16	theme	ion-exchange	654:665	arg1	mechanism					667:675	an ion-exchange mechanism	651:675	an ion-exchange mechanism	651:675	Kinetic studies confirm the occurrence of an ion-exchange mechanism between Pb(II) and Cu(II) as the sorption sites are progressively saturated.
28189990	1	17	theme	Cu	142:143	arg1	sorption					119:126	The binary sorption	108:126	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	108:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	0	18	theme	competitive	9:19	arg1	sorption					21:28	Modeling competitive sorption	0:28	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.	0:106	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	6	19	theme	sorption	968:975	arg1	sorption					949:956	a significant sorption	935:956	a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption	935:975	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	5	20	theme	sorption	795:802	arg1	data					804:807	the sorption data	791:807	the sorption data for all the sorbents	791:828	Competitive Sips model predicts well the sorption data for all the sorbents.
28189990	2	21	theme	competitive	324:334	arg1	models					336:341	Different competitive models	314:341	Different competitive models	314:341	Different competitive models were compared for predicting the equilibrium data.
28189990	0	22	theme	Modeling	0:7	arg1	sorption					21:28	Modeling competitive sorption	0:28	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.	0:106	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	2	23	theme	Different	314:322	arg1	models					336:341	Different competitive models	314:341	Different competitive models	314:341	Different competitive models were compared for predicting the equilibrium data.
28189990	1	24	theme	composite	247:255	arg1	beads					257:261	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	beads	257:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	2	25	theme	equilibrium	376:386	arg1	data					388:391	the equilibrium data	372:391	the equilibrium data	372:391	Different competitive models were compared for predicting the equilibrium data.
28189990	6	26	theme	algal	874:878	arg1	beads					880:884	algal beads	874:884	algal beads	874:884	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	3	27	theme	significant	436:446	arg1	preference					448:457	a significant preference	434:457	a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II)	434:480	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	1	28	theme	calcium	154:160	arg1	biomass					178:184	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	biomass	178:184	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	0	29	theme	lead	33:36	arg1	sorption					21:28	Modeling competitive sorption	0:28	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.	0:106	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	1	30	theme	alginate	162:169	arg1	biomass					178:184	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	biomass	178:184	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	0	31	theme	ions	49:52	arg1	sorption					21:28	Modeling competitive sorption	0:28	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.	0:106	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	3	32	theme	Pb-Cu	485:489	arg1	system					491:496	Pb-Cu system	485:496	Pb-Cu system	485:496	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	6	33	theme	Cu	961:962	arg1	sorption					968:975	Cu(II) sorption	961:975	Cu(II) sorption	961:975	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	0	34	theme	copper	42:47	arg1	ions					49:52	copper ions	42:52	copper ions	42:52	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	1	35	theme	binary	112:117	arg1	sorption					119:126	The binary sorption	108:126	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	108:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	3	36	theme	algal	560:564	arg1	biomass					566:572	alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads	550:592	biomass	566:572	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	4	37	theme	Kinetic	609:615	arg1	studies					617:623	Kinetic studies	609:623	Kinetic studies	609:623	Kinetic studies confirm the occurrence of an ion-exchange mechanism between Pb(II) and Cu(II) as the sorption sites are progressively saturated.
28189990	6	38	theme	significant	937:947	arg1	sorption					949:956	a significant sorption	935:956	a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption	935:975	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	1	39	theme	algal	172:176	arg1	biomass					178:184	calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	154:261	biomass	178:184	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	0	40	theme	alginate	59:66	arg1	beads					101:105	alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads	59:105	alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads	59:105	Modeling competitive sorption of lead and copper ions onto alginate and greenly prepared algal-based beads.
28189990	3	41	theme	alginate	550:557	arg1	biomass					566:572	alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads	550:592	biomass	566:572	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	3	42	theme	separation	503:512	arg1	factors					514:520	the separation factors	499:520	the separation factors	499:520	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	1	43	theme	Pb	131:132	arg1	sorption					119:126	The binary sorption	108:126	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads	108:261	The binary sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto calcium alginate, algal biomass and algal/glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite beads was studied in the absence and presence of Ca(II).
28189990	3	44	theme	algal/PEI	578:586	arg1	beads					588:592	alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads	550:592	beads	588:592	Results show that all the sorbents have a significant preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) in Pb-Cu system: the separation factors reach 14.1, 9.1 and 3.6 for alginate, algal biomass and algal/PEI beads, respectively.
28189990	6	45	theme	Cu	855:856	arg1	negligible					890:899	negligible	890:899	negligible	890:899	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
28189990	6	45	theme	Cu	855:856	arg1	sorption					862:869	the Cu(II) sorption	851:869	the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads	851:884	In Pb-Cu-Ca system, the Cu(II) sorption by algal beads was negligible, while algal/PEI still maintained a significant sorption of Cu(II) sorption under these conditions.
26638991	0	0	theme	bed	84:86	arg1	adsorption					88:97	expanded bed adsorption	75:97	expanded bed adsorption	75:97	Recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by Bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.
26638991	7	1	theme	nonoptimized	1079:1090	arg1	conditions					1092:1101	nonoptimized conditions	1079:1101	nonoptimized conditions	1079:1101	Optimizing the purification variables resulted in an approximately 3.66-fold increase in the P compared with the value under nonoptimized conditions.
26638991	3	2	theme	homemade	505:512	arg1	cm					533:534	2.6 × 30.0 cm	522:534	2.6 × 30.0 cm	522:534	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	3	2	theme	homemade	505:512	arg1	column					514:519	a homemade column	503:519	a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm)	503:535	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	8	3	dep	B.	1166:1167	arg1	cereus					1169:1174	cereus	1169:1174	cereus	1169:1174	This system is promising for the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01 and is economically viable because it promotes the reduction steps.
26638991	0	4	theme	expanded	75:82	arg1	adsorption					88:97	expanded bed adsorption	75:97	expanded bed adsorption	75:97	Recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by Bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.
26638991	6	5	theme	strong	869:874	arg1	influence					876:884	a strong influence	867:884	a strong influence	867:884	Distributor height had a strong influence on the process, considerably affecting both the P and enzyme yield.
26638991	5	6	dep	settled	792:798	arg1	cm					789:790	6.0 cm	785:790	6.0 cm	785:790	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	2	7	used	used	346:349	arg2	C-01					337:340	Bacillus cereus C-01	321:340	Bacillus cereus C-01	321:340	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	2	7	used	used	346:349	arg2	strain					283:288	A chitosanase-producing strain	259:288	A chitosanase-producing strain	259:288	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	1	8	theme	single	246:251	arg1	step					253:256	a single step	244:256	a single step	244:256	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	5	9	theme	optimum	714:720	arg1	velocity					775:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	9	theme	optimum	714:720	arg1	conditions					722:731	the optimum conditions	710:731	the optimum conditions for the maximum P	710:749	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	4	10	theme	quality	578:584	arg1	criteria					586:593	the quality criteria purification factor (P)	574:617	the quality criteria purification factor (P)	574:617	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	5	11	theme	7.36	816:819	arg1	cm					821:822	cm	821:822	cm	821:822	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	0	12	theme	composite	111:119	arg1	design					121:126	central composite design	103:126	central composite design	103:126	Recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by Bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.
26638991	2	13	theme	chitosanase-producing	261:281	arg1	strain					283:288	A chitosanase-producing strain	259:288	A chitosanase-producing strain	259:288	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	2	13	theme	chitosanase-producing	261:281	arg1	C-01					337:340	Bacillus cereus C-01	321:340	Bacillus cereus C-01	321:340	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	1	14	theme	expanded	162:169	arg1	adsorption					175:184	expanded bed adsorption	162:184	expanded bed adsorption	162:184	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	0	15	theme	central	103:109	arg1	design					121:126	central composite design	103:126	central composite design	103:126	Recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by Bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.
26638991	6	16	theme	Distributor	844:854	arg1	height					856:861	Distributor height	844:861	Distributor height	844:861	Distributor height had a strong influence on the process, considerably affecting both the P and enzyme yield.
26638991	3	17	theme	30.0	528:531	arg1	cm					533:534	2.6 × 30.0 cm	522:534	2.6 × 30.0 cm	522:534	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	3	17	theme	30.0	528:531	arg1	column					514:519	a homemade column	503:519	a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm)	503:535	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	8	18	theme	reduction	1232:1240	arg1	steps					1242:1246	the reduction steps	1228:1246	the reduction steps	1228:1246	This system is promising for the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01 and is economically viable because it promotes the reduction steps.
26638991	1	19	theme	bed	171:173	arg1	adsorption					175:184	expanded bed adsorption	162:184	expanded bed adsorption	162:184	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	3	20	theme	expanded	380:387	arg1	conditions					404:413	The expanded bed adsorption conditions	376:413	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification	376:442	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	5	21	theme	150	756:758	arg1	cm/h					760:763	cm/h	760:763	cm/h	760:763	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	22	theme	distributor	824:834	arg1	height					836:841	7.36 cm distributor height	816:841	7.36 cm distributor height	816:841	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	3	23	theme	bed	389:391	arg1	conditions					404:413	The expanded bed adsorption conditions	376:413	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification	376:442	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	4	24	theme	Dependent	538:546	arg1	variables					548:556	Dependent variables	538:556	Dependent variables	538:556	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	4	25	dep	criteria	586:593	arg1	P					616:616	P	616:616	P	616:616	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	4	25	dep	criteria	586:593	arg1	factor					608:613	purification factor	595:613	the quality criteria purification factor (P)	574:617	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	2	26	dep	Bacillus	321:328	arg1	cereus					330:335	cereus	330:335	cereus	330:335	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	8	27	theme	B.	1166:1167	arg1	C-01					1176:1179	B. cereus C-01	1166:1179	B. cereus C-01	1166:1179	This system is promising for the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01 and is economically viable because it promotes the reduction steps.
26638991	5	28	theme	bed	800:802	arg1	height					804:809	6.0 cm settled bed height	785:809	6.0 cm settled bed height	785:809	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	29	theme	settled	792:798	arg1	height					804:809	6.0 cm settled bed height	785:809	6.0 cm settled bed height	785:809	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	7	30	from	increase	1031:1038	arg1	P					1047:1047	the P	1043:1047	the P	1043:1047	Optimizing the purification variables resulted in an approximately 3.66-fold increase in the P compared with the value under nonoptimized conditions.
26638991	3	31	theme	×	526:526	arg1	cm					533:534	2.6 × 30.0 cm	522:534	2.6 × 30.0 cm	522:534	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	3	31	theme	×	526:526	arg1	column					514:519	a homemade column	503:519	a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm)	503:535	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	5	32	theme	cm/h	760:763	arg1	velocity					775:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	32	theme	cm/h	760:763	arg1	conditions					722:731	the optimum conditions	710:731	the optimum conditions for the maximum P	710:749	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	7	33	theme	3.66-fold	1021:1029	arg1	increase					1031:1038	an approximately 3.66-fold increase	1004:1038	an approximately 3.66-fold increase in the P	1004:1047	Optimizing the purification variables resulted in an approximately 3.66-fold increase in the P compared with the value under nonoptimized conditions.
26638991	4	34	theme	enzyme	623:628	arg1	yield					630:634	enzyme yield	623:634	enzyme yield	623:634	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	0	35	theme	chitosanase	29:39	arg1	purification					13:24	purification	13:24	purification	13:24	Recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by Bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.
26638991	0	35	theme	chitosanase	29:39	arg1	Recovery					0:7	Recovery	0:7	Recovery	0:7	Recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by Bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.
26638991	3	36	theme	chitosanase	419:429	arg1	purification					431:442	chitosanase purification	419:442	chitosanase purification	419:442	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	7	37	theme	purification	969:980	arg1	variables					982:990	the purification variables	965:990	the purification variables	965:990	Optimizing the purification variables resulted in an approximately 3.66-fold increase in the P compared with the value under nonoptimized conditions.
26638991	3	38	theme	STREAMLINE	479:488	arg1	DEAE					494:497	STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE	479:497	STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE	479:497	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	3	39	theme	adsorption	393:402	arg1	conditions					404:413	The expanded bed adsorption conditions	376:413	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification	376:442	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	7	40	dep	resulted	992:999	arg1	compared					1049:1056	compared	1049:1056	compared with the value under nonoptimized conditions	1049:1101	Optimizing the purification variables resulted in an approximately 3.66-fold increase in the P compared with the value under nonoptimized conditions.
26638991	1	41	from	extract	233:239	arg1	purification					194:205	the purification	190:205	the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step	190:256	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	1	41	from	extract	233:239	arg1	step					253:256	a single step	244:256	a single step	244:256	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	8	42	from	C-01	1176:1179	arg1	recovery					1137:1144	the recovery	1133:1144	the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01	1133:1179	This system is promising for the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01 and is economically viable because it promotes the reduction steps.
26638991	6	43	theme	enzyme	940:945	arg1	yield					947:951	both the P and enzyme yield	925:951	yield	947:951	Distributor height had a strong influence on the process, considerably affecting both the P and enzyme yield.
26638991	8	44	theme	chitosanase	1149:1159	arg1	recovery					1137:1144	the recovery	1133:1144	the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01	1133:1179	This system is promising for the recovery of chitosanase from B. cereus C-01 and is economically viable because it promotes the reduction steps.
26638991	4	45	theme	purification	595:606	arg1	P					616:616	P	616:616	P	616:616	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	4	45	theme	purification	595:606	arg1	factor					608:613	purification factor	595:613	the quality criteria purification factor (P)	574:617	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26638991	5	46	theme	Statistical	677:687	arg1	analyses					689:696	Statistical analyses	677:696	Statistical analyses	677:696	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	3	47	dep	STREAMLINE	479:488	arg1	TM					490:491	TM	490:491	TM	490:491	The expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using STREAMLINE(TM) DEAE and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm).
26638991	2	48	theme	Bacillus	321:328	arg1	C-01					337:340	Bacillus cereus C-01	321:340	Bacillus cereus C-01	321:340	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	2	48	theme	Bacillus	321:328	arg1	strain					283:288	A chitosanase-producing strain	259:288	A chitosanase-producing strain	259:288	A chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus C-01 and used to produce chitosanases.
26638991	1	49	theme	broth	227:231	arg1	extract					233:239	broth extract	227:239	broth extract in a single step	227:256	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	5	50	theme	maximum	741:747	arg1	P					749:749	the maximum P	737:749	the maximum P	737:749	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	1	51	theme	chitosanase	210:220	arg1	purification					194:205	the purification	190:205	the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step	190:256	This study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step.
26638991	6	52	contain	had	863:865	arg1	height					856:861	Distributor height	844:861	Distributor height	844:861	Distributor height had a strong influence on the process, considerably affecting both the P and enzyme yield.
26638991	6	52	contain	had	863:865	arg2	influence					876:884	a strong influence	867:884	a strong influence	867:884	Distributor height had a strong influence on the process, considerably affecting both the P and enzyme yield.
26638991	5	53	theme	cm	821:822	arg1	height					836:841	7.36 cm distributor height	816:841	7.36 cm distributor height	816:841	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	54	theme	flow	770:773	arg1	velocity					775:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	54	theme	flow	770:773	arg1	conditions					722:731	the optimum conditions	710:731	the optimum conditions for the maximum P	710:749	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	55	theme	load	765:768	arg1	velocity					775:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	150 cm/h load flow velocity	756:782	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	5	55	theme	load	765:768	arg1	conditions					722:731	the optimum conditions	710:731	the optimum conditions for the maximum P	710:749	Statistical analyses showed that the optimum conditions for the maximum P were 150 cm/h load flow velocity, 6.0 cm settled bed height, and 7.36 cm distributor height.
26638991	4	56	theme	chromatographic	652:666	arg1	process					668:674	the chromatographic process	648:674	the chromatographic process	648:674	Dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (P) and enzyme yield to optimize the chromatographic process.
26117779	5	0	theme	important	1139:1147	arg1	roles					1149:1153	important roles	1139:1153	important roles	1139:1153	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	5	1	theme	drug	1158:1161	arg1	release					1163:1169	drug release	1158:1169	drug release	1158:1169	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	4	2	theme	drug	898:901	arg1	carrier					903:909	the drug carrier	894:909	the drug carrier	894:909	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	4	2	theme	drug	898:901	arg1	biocompatible					914:926	biocompatible	914:926	biocompatible	914:926	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	6	3	theme	drug	1371:1374	arg1	index					1358:1362	the therapeutic index	1342:1362	the therapeutic index of the drug	1342:1374	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	1	4	theme	novel	208:212	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	4	theme	novel	208:212	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	4	theme	novel	208:212	arg1	a					490:490	a	490:490	a	490:490	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	4	theme	novel	208:212	arg1	DDS					236:238	DDS	236:238	DDS	236:238	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	4	theme	novel	208:212	arg1	cross-linker					473:484	cross-linker	473:484	cross-linker	473:484	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	5	theme	polymerized	311:321	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	5	theme	polymerized	311:321	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	0	6	theme	drug	146:149	arg1	hydrogel					132:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	6	theme	drug	146:149	arg1	carrier					151:157	a drug carrier	144:157	a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	144:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	2	7	theme	various	693:699	arg1	formulations					701:712	various formulations	693:712	various formulations of DDS	693:719	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	6	8	theme	core	1199:1202	arg1	nanoparticles					1213:1225	core magnetic nanoparticles	1199:1225	core magnetic nanoparticles	1199:1225	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	4	9	theme	drug	977:980	arg1	release					966:972	sustained and controlled release	941:972	sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site	941:1001	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	5	10	theme	drug	1117:1120	arg1	diffusion					1122:1130	drug diffusion	1117:1130	drug diffusion	1117:1130	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	1	11	theme	glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated	328:364	arg1	MPTMS-MNP-poly-					380:394	MPTMS-MNP-poly-	380:394	MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)	380:406	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	11	theme	glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated	328:364	arg1	cyclodextrin					366:377	glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin	328:377	glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	328:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	4	12	theme	targeted	989:996	arg1	site					998:1001	the targeted site	985:1001	the targeted site	985:1001	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	1	13	theme	ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate	441:468	arg1	presence					429:436	the presence	425:436	the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate	425:468	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	6	14	theme	controlled	1285:1294	arg1	delivery					1296:1303	the controlled delivery	1281:1303	the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)	1281:1328	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	1	15	theme	drug	214:217	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	15	theme	drug	214:217	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	15	theme	drug	214:217	arg1	a					490:490	a	490:490	a	490:490	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	15	theme	drug	214:217	arg1	DDS					236:238	DDS	236:238	DDS	236:238	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	15	theme	drug	214:217	arg1	cross-linker					473:484	cross-linker	473:484	cross-linker	473:484	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	3	16	theme	gram	754:757	arg1	bacteria					781:788	gram positive and negative bacteria	754:788	gram positive and negative bacteria	754:788	The DDS showed activity against gram positive and negative bacteria.
26117779	2	17	theme	DDS	671:673	arg1	DLE					659:661	DLE	659:661	DLE	659:661	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	17	theme	DDS	671:673	arg1	efficiency					647:656	drug loading efficiency	634:656	drug loading efficiency (DLE)	634:662	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	17	theme	DDS	671:673	arg1	EE					626:627	EE	626:627	EE	626:627	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	17	theme	DDS	671:673	arg1	efficiency					614:623	The encapsulation efficiency	596:623	The encapsulation efficiency (EE)	596:628	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	5	18	theme	drug	1008:1011	arg1	mechanism					1021:1029	The drug release mechanism	1004:1029	The drug release mechanism	1004:1029	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	1	19	theme	delivery	219:226	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	19	theme	delivery	219:226	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	19	theme	delivery	219:226	arg1	a					490:490	a	490:490	a	490:490	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	19	theme	delivery	219:226	arg1	DDS					236:238	DDS	236:238	DDS	236:238	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	19	theme	delivery	219:226	arg1	cross-linker					473:484	cross-linker	473:484	cross-linker	473:484	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	3	20	theme	positive	759:766	arg1	bacteria					781:788	gram positive and negative bacteria	754:788	gram positive and negative bacteria	754:788	The DDS showed activity against gram positive and negative bacteria.
26117779	6	21	theme	β-CD	1258:1261	arg1	nanoparticles					1213:1225	core magnetic nanoparticles	1199:1225	core magnetic nanoparticles	1199:1225	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	6	21	theme	β-CD	1258:1261	arg1	interactions					1242:1253	host-guest interactions	1231:1253	host-guest interactions	1231:1253	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	2	22	theme	drug	634:637	arg1	DLE					659:661	DLE	659:661	DLE	659:661	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	22	theme	drug	634:637	arg1	efficiency					647:656	drug loading efficiency	634:656	drug loading efficiency (DLE)	634:662	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	23	theme	DDS	717:719	arg1	formulations					701:712	various formulations	693:712	various formulations of DDS	693:719	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	6	24	theme	5-Fluorouracil	1308:1321	arg1	delivery					1296:1303	the controlled delivery	1281:1303	the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)	1281:1328	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	6	25	theme	nanoparticles	1213:1225	arg1	advantages					1185:1194	advantages	1185:1194	advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD	1185:1261	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	0	26	theme	controlled	167:176	arg1	delivery					178:185	the controlled delivery	163:185	the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	163:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	6	27	theme	interactions	1242:1253	arg1	advantages					1185:1194	advantages	1185:1194	advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD	1185:1261	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	4	28	theme	cytotoxicity	795:806	arg1	studies					808:814	The cytotoxicity studies	791:814	The cytotoxicity studies	791:814	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	6	29	theme	therapeutic	1346:1356	arg1	index					1358:1362	the therapeutic index	1342:1362	the therapeutic index of the drug	1342:1374	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	5	30	theme	polymer	1094:1100	arg1	relaxation					1102:1111	polymer relaxation	1094:1111	polymer relaxation	1094:1111	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	0	31	theme	silane	34:39	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	31	theme	silane	34:39	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	2	32	theme	encapsulation	600:612	arg1	EE					626:627	EE	626:627	EE	626:627	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	32	theme	encapsulation	600:612	arg1	efficiency					614:623	The encapsulation efficiency	596:623	The encapsulation efficiency (EE)	596:628	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	4	33	theme	breast	855:860	arg1	carcinoma					862:870	human breast carcinoma	849:870	human breast carcinoma	849:870	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	4	33	theme	breast	855:860	arg1	MCF-7					842:846	MCF-7	842:846	MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells	842:877	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	1	34	theme	3-methacryloxypropyl	242:261	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	34	theme	3-methacryloxypropyl	242:261	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	0	35	theme	nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated	57:107	arg1	hydrogel					132:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	35	theme	nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated	57:107	arg1	carrier					151:157	a drug carrier	144:157	a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	144:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	2	36	theme	loading	639:645	arg1	DLE					659:661	DLE	659:661	DLE	659:661	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	2	36	theme	loading	639:645	arg1	efficiency					647:656	drug loading efficiency	634:656	drug loading efficiency (DLE)	634:662	The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading efficiency (DLE) of the DDS were tested using various formulations of DDS.
26117779	1	37	theme	a'-azobisisobutyronitrile	492:516	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	37	theme	a'-azobisisobutyronitrile	492:516	arg1	cross-linker					473:484	cross-linker	473:484	cross-linker	473:484	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	5	38	theme	non-Fickian	1049:1059	arg1	method					1081:1086	non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method	1049:1086	non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method	1049:1086	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	4	39	theme	sustained	941:949	arg1	release					966:972	sustained and controlled release	941:972	sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site	941:1001	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	0	40	theme	magnetic	48:55	arg1	hydrogel					132:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	40	theme	magnetic	48:55	arg1	carrier					151:157	a drug carrier	144:157	a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	144:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	41	theme	5-fluorouracil	190:203	arg1	delivery					178:185	the controlled delivery	163:185	the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	163:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	5	42	theme	diffusion	1061:1069	arg1	method					1081:1086	non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method	1049:1086	non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method	1049:1086	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	3	43	theme	negative	772:779	arg1	bacteria					781:788	gram positive and negative bacteria	754:788	gram positive and negative bacteria	754:788	The DDS showed activity against gram positive and negative bacteria.
26117779	5	44	theme	release	1013:1019	arg1	mechanism					1021:1029	The drug release mechanism	1004:1029	The drug release mechanism	1004:1029	The drug release mechanism was found to obey non-Fickian diffusion (n=0.709) method where polymer relaxation and drug diffusion played important roles in drug release.
26117779	4	45	theme	MCF-7	842:846	arg1	cells					873:877	MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells	842:877	MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells	842:877	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	1	46	with	polymerized	311:321	arg1	MPTMS-MNP-poly-					380:394	MPTMS-MNP-poly-	380:394	MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)	380:406	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	46	with	polymerized	311:321	arg1	cyclodextrin					366:377	glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin	328:377	glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	328:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	47	theme	trimethoxy	263:272	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	47	theme	trimethoxy	263:272	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	48	theme	silane	274:279	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	48	theme	silane	274:279	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	0	49	theme	composite	122:130	arg1	hydrogel					132:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	49	theme	composite	122:130	arg1	carrier					151:157	a drug carrier	144:157	a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	144:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	4	50	theme	controlled	955:964	arg1	release					966:972	sustained and controlled release	941:972	sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site	941:1001	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	4	51	theme	human	849:853	arg1	carcinoma					862:870	human breast carcinoma	849:870	human breast carcinoma	849:870	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	4	51	theme	human	849:853	arg1	MCF-7					842:846	MCF-7	842:846	MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells	842:877	The cytotoxicity studies were also performed using MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells and found that the drug carrier is biocompatible and it shows sustained and controlled release of drug to the targeted site.
26117779	1	52	theme	coated	281:286	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	52	theme	coated	281:286	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	0	53	theme	cyclodextrin	109:120	arg1	hydrogel					132:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel	48:139	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	0	53	theme	cyclodextrin	109:120	arg1	carrier					151:157	a drug carrier	144:157	a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil	144:203	Synthesis and characterization of silane coated magnetic nanoparticles/glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin composite hydrogel as a drug carrier for the controlled delivery of 5-fluorouracil.
26117779	6	54	theme	magnetic	1204:1211	arg1	nanoparticles					1213:1225	core magnetic nanoparticles	1199:1225	core magnetic nanoparticles	1199:1225	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	6	55	theme	host-guest	1231:1240	arg1	interactions					1242:1253	host-guest interactions	1231:1253	host-guest interactions	1231:1253	In this DDS, advantages of core magnetic nanoparticles and host-guest interactions of β-CD were combined for the controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to maintain the therapeutic index of the drug.
26117779	1	56	theme	magnetic	288:295	arg1	system					228:233	A novel drug delivery system	206:233	A novel drug delivery system (DDS)	206:239	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
26117779	1	56	theme	magnetic	288:295	arg1	nanoparticles					297:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles	242:309	3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD))	242:407	A novel drug delivery system (DDS), 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane coated magnetic nanoparticles polymerized with glycidylmethacrylate-grafted-maleated cyclodextrin (MPTMS-MNP-poly-(GMA-g-MACD)) was prepared in the presence of ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate as cross-linker and a,a'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator and characterized by means of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, VSM and TEM.
27373376	0	0	theme	selective	97:105	arg1	detector					107:114	gas chromatography-mass selective detector	73:114	gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	73:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	10	1	from	analytes	1530:1537	arg1	water					1542:1546	water	1542:1546	water	1542:1546	The method was applied to the determination of the target analytes in water.
27373376	0	2	theme	chromatography-mass	77:95	arg1	detector					107:114	gas chromatography-mass selective detector	73:114	gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	73:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	6	3	theme	extraction	893:902	arg1	conditions					904:913	The extraction conditions	889:913	The extraction conditions	889:913	The extraction conditions were optimized for the detection of the target compounds in water.
27373376	9	4	theme	limit	1324:1328	arg1	limit					1301:1305	limit	1301:1305	limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1)	1301:1423	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27373376	10	5	from	water	1542:1546	arg1	determination					1502:1514	the determination	1498:1514	the determination of the target analytes in water	1498:1546	The method was applied to the determination of the target analytes in water.
27373376	3	6	theme	chitosan-graphene	556:572	arg1	CS-GO					581:585	CS-GO	581:585	CS-GO	581:585	The μ-SPE sorbent was chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite, which was prepared by mixing CS and GO by means of ultrasonication.
27373376	3	6	theme	chitosan-graphene	556:572	arg1	oxide					574:578	chitosan-graphene oxide	556:578	chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite	556:596	The μ-SPE sorbent was chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite, which was prepared by mixing CS and GO by means of ultrasonication.
27373376	0	7	from	water	175:179	arg1	determination					124:136	the determination	120:136	the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	120:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	8	8	dep	precision	1202:1210	arg1	based					1213:1217	based	1213:1217	based on % relative standard deviations	1213:1251	The calculated relative recoveries were between 71.52 and 96.15% whereas precision (based on % relative standard deviations) was between 3.54 and 11.36%.
27373376	3	9	theme	oxide	574:578	arg1	sorbent					544:550	The μ-SPE sorbent	534:550	The μ-SPE sorbent	534:550	The μ-SPE sorbent was chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite, which was prepared by mixing CS and GO by means of ultrasonication.
27373376	3	9	theme	oxide	574:578	arg1	composite					588:596	chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite	556:596	chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite	556:596	The μ-SPE sorbent was chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite, which was prepared by mixing CS and GO by means of ultrasonication.
27373376	4	10	from	CS	671:672	arg1	composite					681:689	the composite	677:689	the composite	677:689	The CS in the composite was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde.
27373376	9	11	theme	quantification	1333:1346	arg1	ranges					1348:1353	quantification ranges	1333:1353	quantification ranges of	1333:1356	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27373376	1	12	theme	gas	361:363	arg1	GC-MSD					406:411	GC-MSD	406:411	GC-MSD	406:411	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	1	12	theme	gas	361:363	arg1	detection					395:403	gas chromatography-mass selective detection	361:403	gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD)	361:412	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	5	13	theme	cooled	845:850	arg1	system					862:867	a cooled injection system	843:867	a cooled injection system	843:867	After μ-SPE, the analytes in the extract were extracted thermally in a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD.
27373376	2	14	theme	ethers	526:531	arg1	determination					480:492	the determination	476:492	the determination of five polybrominated diphenyl ethers	476:531	μ-SPE-TE- GC-MSD was employed in the determination of five polybrominated diphenyl ethers.
27373376	1	15	theme	chromatography-mass	365:383	arg1	GC-MSD					406:411	GC-MSD	406:411	GC-MSD	406:411	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	1	15	theme	chromatography-mass	365:383	arg1	detection					395:403	gas chromatography-mass selective detection	361:403	gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD)	361:412	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	7	16	theme	determination	1099:1111	arg1	coefficients					1083:1094	coefficients	1083:1094	coefficients of determination, r(2), ≥0.9982	1083:1126	This method provided linearity ranges of between 0.1 and 20μgL(-1) (depending on the analytes), with coefficients of determination, r(2), ≥0.9982.
27373376	5	17	theme	thermal	800:806	arg1	tube					824:827	a thermal desorption unit tube	798:827	a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD	798:886	After μ-SPE, the analytes in the extract were extracted thermally in a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD.
27373376	5	18	theme	injection	852:860	arg1	system					862:867	a cooled injection system	843:867	a cooled injection system	843:867	After μ-SPE, the analytes in the extract were extracted thermally in a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD.
27373376	0	19	theme	phase	12:16	arg1	extraction					18:27	Micro-solid phase extraction	0:27	Micro-solid phase extraction	0:27	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	1	20	theme	selective	385:393	arg1	GC-MSD					406:411	GC-MSD	406:411	GC-MSD	406:411	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	1	20	theme	selective	385:393	arg1	detection					395:403	gas chromatography-mass selective detection	361:403	gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD)	361:412	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	0	21	theme	gas	73:75	arg1	detector					107:114	gas chromatography-mass selective detector	73:114	gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	73:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	0	22	theme	Micro-solid	0:10	arg1	extraction					18:27	Micro-solid phase extraction	0:27	Micro-solid phase extraction	0:27	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	6	23	theme	compounds	962:970	arg1	detection					938:946	the detection	934:946	the detection of the target compounds in water	934:979	The extraction conditions were optimized for the detection of the target compounds in water.
27373376	1	24	theme	environmental	204:216	arg1	contaminants					218:229	environmental contaminants	204:229	environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE)	204:320	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	2	25	theme	μ-SPE-TE-	443:451	arg1	GC-MSD					453:458	μ-SPE-TE- GC-MSD	443:458	μ-SPE-TE- GC-MSD	443:458	μ-SPE-TE- GC-MSD was employed in the determination of five polybrominated diphenyl ethers.
27373376	1	26	theme	thermal	298:304	arg1	extraction					306:315	thermal extraction	298:315	thermal extraction (TE)	298:320	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	1	26	theme	thermal	298:304	arg1	TE					318:319	TE	318:319	TE	318:319	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	0	27	theme	polybrominated	141:154	arg1	ethers					165:170	polybrominated diphenyl ethers	141:170	polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	141:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	9	28	theme	ranges	1348:1353	arg1	limit					1324:1328	limit	1324:1328	limit	1324:1328	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27373376	9	28	theme	ranges	1348:1353	arg1	detection					1310:1318	detection	1310:1318	detection	1310:1318	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27373376	8	29	theme	relative	1144:1151	arg1	recoveries					1153:1162	The calculated relative recoveries	1129:1162	The calculated relative recoveries	1129:1162	The calculated relative recoveries were between 71.52 and 96.15% whereas precision (based on % relative standard deviations) was between 3.54 and 11.36%.
27373376	5	30	theme	unit	819:822	arg1	tube					824:827	a thermal desorption unit tube	798:827	a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD	798:886	After μ-SPE, the analytes in the extract were extracted thermally in a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD.
27373376	10	31	theme	analytes	1530:1537	arg1	determination					1502:1514	the determination	1498:1514	the determination of the target analytes in water	1498:1546	The method was applied to the determination of the target analytes in water.
27373376	0	32	theme	thermal	41:47	arg1	extraction					49:58	thermal extraction	41:58	thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	41:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	0	33	theme	ethers	165:170	arg1	determination					124:136	the determination	120:136	the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	120:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	9	34	theme	analytes	1448:1455	arg1	analytes					1448:1455	analytes	1448:1455	analytes	1448:1455	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27373376	9	34	theme	analytes	1448:1455	arg1	groups					1438:1443	the two groups	1430:1443	the two groups of analytes	1430:1455	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27373376	10	35	theme	target	1523:1528	arg1	analytes					1530:1537	the target analytes	1519:1537	the target analytes in water	1519:1546	The method was applied to the determination of the target analytes in water.
27373376	8	36	theme	calculated	1133:1142	arg1	recoveries					1153:1162	The calculated relative recoveries	1129:1162	The calculated relative recoveries	1129:1162	The calculated relative recoveries were between 71.52 and 96.15% whereas precision (based on % relative standard deviations) was between 3.54 and 11.36%.
27373376	0	37	theme	diphenyl	156:163	arg1	ethers					165:170	polybrominated diphenyl ethers	141:170	polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water	141:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	5	38	theme	desorption	808:817	arg1	tube					824:827	a thermal desorption unit tube	798:827	a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD	798:886	After μ-SPE, the analytes in the extract were extracted thermally in a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD.
27373376	7	39	theme	linearity	1003:1011	arg1	ranges					1013:1018	linearity ranges	1003:1018	linearity ranges of between 0.1 and 20μgL(-1) (depending on the analytes)	1003:1075	This method provided linearity ranges of between 0.1 and 20μgL(-1) (depending on the analytes), with coefficients of determination, r(2), ≥0.9982.
27373376	6	40	theme	target	955:960	arg1	compounds					962:970	the target compounds	951:970	the target compounds	951:970	The extraction conditions were optimized for the detection of the target compounds in water.
27373376	0	41	from	determination	124:136	arg1	water					175:179	water	175:179	water	175:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	1	42	from	contaminants	218:229	arg1	water					234:238	water	234:238	water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE)	234:320	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	6	43	from	detection	938:946	arg1	water					975:979	water	975:979	water	975:979	The extraction conditions were optimized for the detection of the target compounds in water.
27373376	10	44	from	determination	1502:1514	arg1	water					1542:1546	water	1542:1546	water	1542:1546	The method was applied to the determination of the target analytes in water.
27373376	8	45	theme	relative	1224:1231	arg1	deviations					1242:1251	% relative standard deviations	1222:1251	% relative standard deviations	1222:1251	The calculated relative recoveries were between 71.52 and 96.15% whereas precision (based on % relative standard deviations) was between 3.54 and 11.36%.
27373376	0	46	from	ethers	165:170	arg1	water					175:179	water	175:179	water	175:179	Micro-solid phase extraction followed by thermal extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detector for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water.
27373376	5	47	from	analytes	746:753	arg1	extract					762:768	the extract	758:768	the extract	758:768	After μ-SPE, the analytes in the extract were extracted thermally in a thermal desorption unit tube combined with a cooled injection system, coupled to GC-MSD.
27373376	8	48	theme	standard	1233:1240	arg1	deviations					1242:1251	% relative standard deviations	1222:1251	% relative standard deviations	1222:1251	The calculated relative recoveries were between 71.52 and 96.15% whereas precision (based on % relative standard deviations) was between 3.54 and 11.36%.
27373376	1	49	theme	micro-solid	249:259	arg1	μ-SPE					279:283	μ-SPE	279:283	μ-SPE	279:283	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	1	49	theme	micro-solid	249:259	arg1	extraction					267:276	micro-solid phase extraction	249:276	micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE)	249:320	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	2	50	theme	diphenyl	517:524	arg1	ethers					526:531	five polybrominated diphenyl ethers	497:531	five polybrominated diphenyl ethers	497:531	μ-SPE-TE- GC-MSD was employed in the determination of five polybrominated diphenyl ethers.
27373376	1	51	theme	phase	261:265	arg1	μ-SPE					279:283	μ-SPE	279:283	μ-SPE	279:283	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	1	51	theme	phase	261:265	arg1	extraction					267:276	micro-solid phase extraction	249:276	micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE)	249:320	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	2	52	theme	polybrominated	502:515	arg1	ethers					526:531	five polybrominated diphenyl ethers	497:531	five polybrominated diphenyl ethers	497:531	μ-SPE-TE- GC-MSD was employed in the determination of five polybrominated diphenyl ethers.
27373376	1	53	theme	cold-trapping	328:340	arg1	step					342:345	a cold-trapping step	326:345	a cold-trapping step	326:345	A method of analyzing environmental contaminants in water based on micro-solid phase extraction (μ-SPE) followed by thermal extraction (TE) and a cold-trapping step, coupled with gas chromatography-mass selective detection (GC-MSD) was developed and validated.
27373376	3	54	theme	μ-SPE	538:542	arg1	sorbent					544:550	The μ-SPE sorbent	534:550	The μ-SPE sorbent	534:550	The μ-SPE sorbent was chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite, which was prepared by mixing CS and GO by means of ultrasonication.
27373376	3	54	theme	μ-SPE	538:542	arg1	composite					588:596	chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite	556:596	chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite	556:596	The μ-SPE sorbent was chitosan-graphene oxide (CS-GO) composite, which was prepared by mixing CS and GO by means of ultrasonication.
27373376	9	55	theme	detection	1310:1318	arg1	limit					1301:1305	limit	1301:1305	limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1)	1301:1423	The method showed limit of detection and limit of quantification ranges of between 0.007 and 0.016μgL(-1), and between 0.023 and 0.054μgL(-1), for the two groups of analytes, respectively.
27905181	2	0	theme	regenerated	519:529	arg1	cellulose					531:539	collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose	501:539	collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose	501:539	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	10	1	theme	fast	1453:1456	arg1	healing					1458:1464	the fast healing	1449:1464	the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment	1449:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	8	2	dep	moderate	1284:1291	arg1	range					1294:1298	range 0-1·5	1294:1304	range 0-1·5	1294:1304	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	2	3	theme	DSWs	583:586	arg1	treatment					548:556	the treatment	544:556	the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	544:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	10	4	theme	composite	1413:1421	arg1	dressing					1423:1430	The composite dressing	1409:1430	The composite dressing used	1409:1435	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	2	5	theme	collagen/oxidised	501:517	arg1	cellulose					531:539	collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose	501:539	collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose	501:539	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	10	6	from	pain	1520:1523	arg1	patients					1560:1567	older multi-morbid patients	1541:1567	older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment	1541:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	0	7	theme	prospective	207:217	arg1	study					251:255	a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study	205:255	study	251:255	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	4	8	dep	aureus	928:933	arg1	colonisation					948:959	ulcer colonisation	942:959	methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients)	891:972	Comorbidities included anticoagulation therapy (15 patients), anaemia (11 patients), diabetes (6 patients) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients).
27905181	4	8	dep	aureus	928:933	arg1	patients					964:971	6 patients	962:971	6 patients	962:971	Comorbidities included anticoagulation therapy (15 patients), anaemia (11 patients), diabetes (6 patients) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients).
27905181	2	9	with	patients	607:614	arg1	ulcers					633:638	chronic leg ulcers	621:638	chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	621:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	10	theme	split-thickness	134:148	arg1	wounds					172:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds	121:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	121:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	3	11	theme	mean	701:704	arg1	71·6 years					706:715	mean 71·6 years	701:715	mean 71·6 years	701:715	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	3	11	theme	mean	701:704	arg1	years					694:698	44-84 years	688:698	44-84 years (mean 71·6 years)	688:716	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	2	12	theme	chronic	621:627	arg1	ulcers					633:638	chronic leg ulcers	621:638	chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	621:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	13	from	patients	195:202	arg1	treatment					108:116	the treatment	104:116	the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	104:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	0	14	theme	medium-depth	121:132	arg1	wounds					172:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds	121:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	121:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	10	15	theme	multi-morbid	1547:1558	arg1	patients					1560:1567	older multi-morbid patients	1541:1567	older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment	1541:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	3	16	with	years	694:698	arg1	sizes					727:731	DSW sizes	723:731	DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 )	723:777	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	0	17	theme	graft	155:159	arg1	wounds					172:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds	121:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	121:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	8	18	dep	range	1294:1298	arg1	mean					1307:1310	mean 0·5	1307:1314	mean 0·5	1307:1314	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	8	18	dep	range	1294:1298	arg1	0·5					1324:1326	median 0·5	1317:1326	median 0·5 on a six-item scale	1317:1346	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	10	19	theme	anticoagulation	1575:1589	arg1	treatment					1591:1599	anticoagulation treatment	1575:1599	anticoagulation treatment	1575:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	0	20	theme	skin	150:153	arg1	wounds					172:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds	121:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	121:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	10	21	theme	older	1541:1545	arg1	patients					1560:1567	older multi-morbid patients	1541:1567	older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment	1541:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	10	22	with	DSWs	1482:1485	arg1	pain					1520:1523	no postoperative pain	1503:1523	no postoperative pain	1503:1523	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	10	22	with	DSWs	1482:1485	arg1	minimal					1492:1498	minimal	1492:1498	minimal	1492:1498	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	10	23	theme	postoperative	1506:1518	arg1	pain					1520:1523	no postoperative pain	1503:1523	no postoperative pain	1503:1523	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	8	24	from	0·5	1324:1326	arg1	scale					1342:1346	a six-item scale	1331:1346	a six-item scale	1331:1346	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	9	25	theme	wound	1353:1357	arg1	infection					1359:1367	No wound infection	1350:1367	No wound infection	1350:1367	No wound infection was observed during the first dressing.
27905181	2	26	theme	dressing	481:488	arg1	performance					448:458	the performance	444:458	the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	444:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	3	27	theme	DSW	723:725	arg1	sizes					727:731	DSW sizes	723:731	DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 )	723:777	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	7	28	dep	patients	1193:1200	arg1	four					1203:1206	four	1203:1206	four	1203:1206	Postoperative medium to strong bleeding occurred in only five patients (four with anticoagulation).
27905181	2	29	theme	multi-morbid	594:605	arg1	patients					607:614	25 multi-morbid patients	591:614	25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	591:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	30	dep	study	251:255	arg1	single-centre					237:249	a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study	205:255	single-centre	237:249	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	7	31	theme	Postoperative	1131:1143	arg1	medium					1145:1150	Postoperative medium	1131:1150	Postoperative medium to strong bleeding	1131:1169	Postoperative medium to strong bleeding occurred in only five patients (four with anticoagulation).
27905181	1	32	theme	used	307:310	arg1	method					312:317	a widely used method	298:317	a widely used method in reconstructive surgery	298:343	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	32	theme	used	307:310	arg1	grafting					279:286	Split-thickness skin grafting	258:286	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG)	258:293	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	33	from	method	312:317	arg1	surgery					337:343	reconstructive surgery	322:343	reconstructive surgery	322:343	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	2	34	from	treatment	548:556	arg1	patients					607:614	25 multi-morbid patients	591:614	25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	591:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	2	35	theme	leg	629:631	arg1	ulcers					633:638	chronic leg ulcers	621:638	chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	621:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	6	36	dep	mean	1103:1106	arg1	days					1124:1127	median 14 days	1114:1127	median 14 days	1114:1127	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
27905181	0	37	theme	site	167:170	arg1	wounds					172:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds	121:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	121:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	2	38	contain	containing	490:499	arg1	dressing					481:488	a composite wound dressing	463:488	a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	463:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	2	38	contain	containing	490:499	arg2	cellulose					531:539	collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose	501:539	collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose	501:539	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	39	theme	collagen/oxidised	17:33	arg1	Effectiveness					0:12	Effectiveness	0:12	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised	0:33	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	0	40	theme	donor	161:165	arg1	wounds					172:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds	121:177	medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	121:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	8	41	theme	median	1317:1322	arg1	0·5					1324:1326	median 0·5	1317:1326	median 0·5 on a six-item scale	1317:1346	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	6	42	theme	median	1114:1119	arg1	days					1124:1127	median 14 days	1114:1127	median 14 days	1114:1127	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
27905181	0	43	theme	composite	75:83	arg1	dressing					91:98	cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing	47:98	cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	47:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	1	44	theme	reconstructive	322:335	arg1	surgery					337:343	reconstructive surgery	322:343	reconstructive surgery	322:343	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	2	45	theme	0·4 mm	575:580	arg1	DSWs					583:586	medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs	561:586	medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	561:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	46	from	treatment	108:116	arg1	patients					195:202	multi-morbid patients	182:202	multi-morbid patients	182:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	5	47	theme	first	979:983	arg1	change					994:999	The first dressing change	975:999	The first dressing change	975:999	The first dressing change was performed after 10 days.
27905181	6	48	theme	Complete	1030:1037	arg1	reepithelialisation					1039:1057	Complete reepithelialisation	1030:1057	Complete reepithelialisation	1030:1057	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
27905181	2	49	theme	prospective	416:426	arg1	study					428:432	This prospective study	411:432	This prospective study	411:432	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	50	theme	cellulose/silver-containing	47:73	arg1	dressing					91:98	cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing	47:98	cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	47:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	0	51	theme	wounds	172:177	arg1	treatment					108:116	the treatment	104:116	the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	104:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	8	52	theme	Wound	1231:1235	arg1	levels					1242:1247	Wound pain levels	1231:1247	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting	1231:1272	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	2	53	from	DSWs	583:586	arg1	patients					607:614	25 multi-morbid patients	591:614	25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	591:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	0	54	dep	prospective	207:217	arg1	non-comparative					220:234	non-comparative	220:234	non-comparative	220:234	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	2	55	theme	wound	475:479	arg1	dressing					481:488	a composite wound dressing	463:488	a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	463:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	2	56	theme	medium-depth	561:572	arg1	DSWs					583:586	medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs	561:586	medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	561:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	4	57	theme	ulcer	942:946	arg1	colonisation					948:959	ulcer colonisation	942:959	methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients)	891:972	Comorbidities included anticoagulation therapy (15 patients), anaemia (11 patients), diabetes (6 patients) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients).
27905181	4	57	theme	ulcer	942:946	arg1	patients					964:971	6 patients	962:971	6 patients	962:971	Comorbidities included anticoagulation therapy (15 patients), anaemia (11 patients), diabetes (6 patients) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients).
27905181	0	58	theme	wound	85:89	arg1	dressing					91:98	cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing	47:98	cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients	47:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	0	59	theme	multi-morbid	182:193	arg1	patients					195:202	multi-morbid patients	182:202	multi-morbid patients	182:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	2	60	theme	composite	465:473	arg1	dressing					481:488	a composite wound dressing	463:488	a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	463:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	10	61	theme	medium-depth	1469:1480	arg1	DSWs					1482:1485	medium-depth DSWs	1469:1485	medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment	1469:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	8	62	theme	pain	1237:1240	arg1	levels					1242:1247	Wound pain levels	1231:1247	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting	1231:1272	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	1	63	theme	donor	350:354	arg1	healing					390:396	healing	390:396	healing	390:396	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	63	theme	donor	350:354	arg1	DSWs					369:372	DSWs	369:372	DSWs	369:372	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	63	theme	donor	350:354	arg1	wounds					361:366	donor site wounds	350:366	donor site wounds (DSWs)	350:373	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	8	64	dep	day	1253:1255	arg1	harvesting					1263:1272	harvesting	1263:1272	harvesting	1263:1272	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	0	65	dep	regenerated	35:45	arg1	study					251:255	a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study	205:255	study	251:255	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	5	66	theme	dressing	985:992	arg1	change					994:999	The first dressing change	975:999	The first dressing change	975:999	The first dressing change was performed after 10 days.
27905181	1	67	theme	skin	274:277	arg1	STSG					289:292	STSG	289:292	STSG	289:292	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	67	theme	skin	274:277	arg1	grafting					279:286	Split-thickness skin grafting	258:286	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG)	258:293	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	67	theme	skin	274:277	arg1	method					312:317	a widely used method	298:317	a widely used method in reconstructive surgery	298:343	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	3	68	theme	mean	765:768	arg1	78 cm2					770:775	mean 78 cm2	765:775	mean 78 cm2	765:775	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	3	68	theme	mean	765:768	arg1	12					749:750	12	749:750	12	749:750	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	3	69	theme	ages	679:682	arg1	range					660:664	The range	656:664	The range of patients' ages	656:682	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	3	69	theme	ages	679:682	arg1	years					694:698	44-84 years	688:698	44-84 years (mean 71·6 years)	688:716	The range of patients' ages was 44-84 years (mean 71·6 years) with DSW sizes ranging between 12 and 162 cm2 (mean 78 cm2 ).
27905181	8	70	theme	six-item	1333:1340	arg1	scale					1342:1346	a six-item scale	1331:1346	a six-item scale	1331:1346	Wound pain levels one day after harvesting were only moderate (range 0-1·5, mean 0·5, median 0·5 on a six-item scale).
27905181	6	71	theme	34th	1093:1096	arg1	day					1098:1100	the 10th and 34th day	1080:1100	the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days)	1080:1128	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
27905181	6	71	theme	34th	1093:1096	arg1	mean					1103:1106	mean 17·2	1103:1111	mean 17·2	1103:1111	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
27905181	0	72	from	wounds	172:177	arg1	patients					195:202	multi-morbid patients	182:202	multi-morbid patients	182:202	Effectiveness of collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose/silver-containing composite wound dressing for the treatment of medium-depth split-thickness skin graft donor site wounds in multi-morbid patients: a prospective, non-comparative, single-centre study.
27905181	9	73	theme	first	1393:1397	arg1	dressing					1399:1406	the first dressing	1389:1406	the first dressing	1389:1406	No wound infection was observed during the first dressing.
27905181	1	74	theme	Split-thickness	258:272	arg1	STSG					289:292	STSG	289:292	STSG	289:292	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	74	theme	Split-thickness	258:272	arg1	grafting					279:286	Split-thickness skin grafting	258:286	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG)	258:293	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	74	theme	Split-thickness	258:272	arg1	method					312:317	a widely used method	298:317	a widely used method in reconstructive surgery	298:343	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	4	75	theme	anticoagulation	803:817	arg1	therapy					819:825	anticoagulation therapy	803:825	anticoagulation therapy (15 patients)	803:839	Comorbidities included anticoagulation therapy (15 patients), anaemia (11 patients), diabetes (6 patients) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients).
27905181	4	75	theme	anticoagulation	803:817	arg1	patients					831:838	15 patients	828:838	15 patients	828:838	Comorbidities included anticoagulation therapy (15 patients), anaemia (11 patients), diabetes (6 patients) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ulcer colonisation (6 patients).
27905181	10	76	theme	DSWs	1482:1485	arg1	healing					1458:1464	the fast healing	1449:1464	the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment	1449:1599	The composite dressing used allowed for the fast healing of medium-depth DSWs with minimal or no postoperative pain and bleeding in older multi-morbid patients under anticoagulation treatment.
27905181	1	77	dep	healing	390:396	arg1	slow					385:388	slow	385:388	slow	385:388	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	2	78	from	patients	607:614	arg1	treatment					548:556	the treatment	544:556	the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG	544:653	This prospective study evaluated the performance of a composite wound dressing containing collagen/oxidised regenerated cellulose in the treatment of medium-depth (0·4 mm) DSWs in 25 multi-morbid patients with chronic leg ulcers requiring STSG.
27905181	1	79	theme	site	356:359	arg1	healing					390:396	healing	390:396	healing	390:396	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	79	theme	site	356:359	arg1	DSWs					369:372	DSWs	369:372	DSWs	369:372	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	1	79	theme	site	356:359	arg1	wounds					361:366	donor site wounds	350:366	donor site wounds (DSWs)	350:373	Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is a widely used method in reconstructive surgery, but donor site wounds (DSWs) are often slow healing and painful.
27905181	6	80	theme	10th	1084:1087	arg1	day					1098:1100	the 10th and 34th day	1080:1100	the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days)	1080:1128	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
27905181	6	80	theme	10th	1084:1087	arg1	mean					1103:1106	mean 17·2	1103:1111	mean 17·2	1103:1111	Complete reepithelialisation was observed between the 10th and 34th day (mean 17·2, median 14 days).
25933525	5	0	theme	tensile	719:725	arg1	strength					727:734	Wet tensile strength	715:734	Wet tensile strength of the films	715:747	Wet tensile strength of the films was considerably enhanced with only 10 wt% PVA addition.
25933525	6	1	theme	%	811:811	arg1	concentration					817:829	25% PVA concentration	809:829	25% PVA concentration	809:829	At 25% PVA concentration wet tensile strengths were decreased and films were more yielding.
25933525	2	2	theme	similar	328:334	arg1	behavior					355:362	similar humidity dependent behavior	328:362	similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region	328:384	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	8	3	from	conditions	1101:1110	arg1	stable					1087:1092	stable	1087:1092	stable	1087:1092	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	0	4	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	properties					72:81	mechanical properties	61:81	mechanical properties	61:81	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	0	4	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	stability					47:55	water stability	41:55	water stability	41:55	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	2	5	from	films	302:306	arg1	state					315:319	dry state	311:319	dry state	311:319	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	2	6	theme	Pure	273:276	arg1	films					283:287	Pure TCNF films	273:287	Pure TCNF films	273:287	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	4	7	theme	TCNF-PVA	619:626	arg1	films					638:642	covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films	600:642	covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films	600:642	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	4	8	theme	swelling	551:558	arg1	behavior					560:567	strong swelling behavior	544:567	strong swelling behavior	544:567	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	0	9	theme	TEMPO/NaClO2	86:97	arg1	properties					72:81	mechanical properties	61:81	mechanical properties	61:81	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	0	9	theme	TEMPO/NaClO2	86:97	arg1	stability					47:55	water stability	41:55	water stability	41:55	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	6	10	theme	wet	831:833	arg1	strengths					843:851	wet tensile strengths	831:851	wet tensile strengths	831:851	At 25% PVA concentration wet tensile strengths were decreased and films were more yielding.
25933525	1	11	theme	water	253:257	arg1	films					266:270	water stable films	253:270	water stable films	253:270	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	0	12	theme	nanofibril	119:128	arg1	films					130:134	cellulosic nanofibril films	108:134	cellulosic nanofibril films	108:134	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	5	13	theme	wt	788:789	arg1	addition					796:803	only 10 wt% PVA addition	780:803	only 10 wt% PVA addition	780:803	Wet tensile strength of the films was considerably enhanced with only 10 wt% PVA addition.
25933525	4	14	theme	strong	544:549	arg1	behavior					560:567	strong swelling behavior	544:567	strong swelling behavior	544:567	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	2	15	theme	elastic	371:377	arg1	region					379:384	the elastic region	367:384	the elastic region	367:384	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	0	16	theme	cellulosic	108:117	arg1	films					130:134	cellulosic nanofibril films	108:134	cellulosic nanofibril films	108:134	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	6	17	theme	PVA	813:815	arg1	concentration					817:829	25% PVA concentration	809:829	25% PVA concentration	809:829	At 25% PVA concentration wet tensile strengths were decreased and films were more yielding.
25933525	4	18	theme	bridged	611:617	arg1	films					638:642	covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films	600:642	covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films	600:642	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	4	19	theme	pure	518:521	arg1	films					528:532	pure TCNF films	518:532	pure TCNF films	518:532	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	8	20	theme	developed	998:1006	arg1	approach					1008:1015	The developed approach	994:1015	The developed approach	994:1015	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	8	20	theme	developed	998:1006	arg1	method					1049:1054	a simple and straightforward method	1020:1054	a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions	1020:1110	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	8	21	theme	TCNF	1067:1070	arg1	films					1072:1076	TCNF films	1067:1076	TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions	1067:1110	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	2	22	theme	TCNF-PVA	293:300	arg1	films					302:306	TCNF-PVA films	293:306	TCNF-PVA films	293:306	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	7	23	theme	TCNF-based	976:985	arg1	films					987:991	TCNF-based films	976:991	TCNF-based films	976:991	This behavior is attributed to the ability of PVA to reinforce and plasticize TCNF-based films.
25933525	1	24	theme	stable	259:264	arg1	films					266:270	water stable films	253:270	water stable films	253:270	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	3	25	theme	wet	399:401	arg1	films					403:407	wet films	399:407	wet films	399:407	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	0	26	theme	PVA	25:27	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2	0:97	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	4	27	theme	soaking	706:712	arg1	24h					699:701	24h	699:701	24h of soaking	699:712	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	3	28	theme	significant	419:429	arg1	effect					431:436	a significant effect	417:436	a significant effect	417:436	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	0	29	theme	interfibrillar	10:23	arg1	PVA					25:27	interfibrillar PVA bridging	10:36	interfibrillar PVA bridging	10:36	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	4	30	theme	TCNF	523:526	arg1	films					528:532	pure TCNF films	518:532	pure TCNF films	518:532	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	6	31	theme	25	809:810	arg1	%					811:811	%	811:811	%	811:811	At 25% PVA concentration wet tensile strengths were decreased and films were more yielding.
25933525	2	32	theme	TCNF	278:281	arg1	films					283:287	Pure TCNF films	273:287	Pure TCNF films	273:287	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	1	33	theme	cellulosic	159:168	arg1	nanofibrils					170:180	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils	137:180	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF)	137:187	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	1	33	theme	cellulosic	159:168	arg1	TCNF					183:186	TCNF	183:186	TCNF	183:186	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	3	34	theme	mechanical	455:464	arg1	characteristics					466:480	mechanical characteristics	455:480	mechanical characteristics	455:480	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	8	35	theme	simple	1022:1027	arg1	approach					1008:1015	The developed approach	994:1015	The developed approach	994:1015	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	8	35	theme	simple	1022:1027	arg1	method					1049:1054	a simple and straightforward method	1020:1054	a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions	1020:1110	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	3	36	contain	had	413:415	arg2	effect					431:436	a significant effect	417:436	a significant effect	417:436	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	3	36	contain	had	413:415	arg1	PVA					409:411	PVA	409:411	PVA	409:411	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	4	37	theme	composite	628:636	arg1	films					638:642	covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films	600:642	covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films	600:642	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	5	38	theme	%	790:790	arg1	addition					796:803	only 10 wt% PVA addition	780:803	only 10 wt% PVA addition	780:803	Wet tensile strength of the films was considerably enhanced with only 10 wt% PVA addition.
25933525	0	39	theme	bridging	29:36	arg1	PVA					25:27	interfibrillar PVA bridging	10:36	interfibrillar PVA bridging	10:36	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	7	40	theme	PVA	944:946	arg1	ability					933:939	the ability	929:939	the ability of PVA to reinforce and plasticize TCNF-based films	929:991	This behavior is attributed to the ability of PVA to reinforce and plasticize TCNF-based films.
25933525	1	41	theme	vinyl	222:226	arg1	poly					217:220	poly	217:220	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)	217:241	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	1	41	theme	vinyl	222:226	arg1	alcohol					228:234	vinyl alcohol	222:234	vinyl alcohol	222:234	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	5	42	theme	films	743:747	arg1	strength					727:734	Wet tensile strength	715:734	Wet tensile strength of the films	715:747	Wet tensile strength of the films was considerably enhanced with only 10 wt% PVA addition.
25933525	8	43	theme	straightforward	1033:1047	arg1	approach					1008:1015	The developed approach	994:1015	The developed approach	994:1015	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	8	43	theme	straightforward	1033:1047	arg1	method					1049:1054	a simple and straightforward method	1020:1054	a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions	1020:1110	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	2	44	from	behavior	355:362	arg1	region					379:384	the elastic region	367:384	the elastic region	367:384	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	0	45	theme	water	41:45	arg1	stability					47:55	water stability	41:55	water stability	41:55	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	6	46	theme	tensile	835:841	arg1	strengths					843:851	wet tensile strengths	831:851	wet tensile strengths	831:851	At 25% PVA concentration wet tensile strengths were decreased and films were more yielding.
25933525	2	47	theme	dry	311:313	arg1	state					315:319	dry state	311:319	dry state	311:319	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	1	48	theme	TEMPO/NaClO2	137:148	arg1	nanofibrils					170:180	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils	137:180	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF)	137:187	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	1	48	theme	TEMPO/NaClO2	137:148	arg1	TCNF					183:186	TCNF	183:186	TCNF	183:186	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	8	49	from	stable	1087:1092	arg1	conditions					1101:1110	wet conditions	1097:1110	wet conditions	1097:1110	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	1	50	theme	oxidized	150:157	arg1	nanofibrils					170:180	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils	137:180	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF)	137:187	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	1	50	theme	oxidized	150:157	arg1	TCNF					183:186	TCNF	183:186	TCNF	183:186	TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibrils (TCNF) were covalently bonded with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to render water stable films.
25933525	0	51	theme	mechanical	61:70	arg1	properties					72:81	mechanical properties	61:81	mechanical properties	61:81	Effect of interfibrillar PVA bridging on water stability and mechanical properties of TEMPO/NaClO2 oxidized cellulosic nanofibril films.
25933525	5	52	theme	PVA	792:794	arg1	addition					796:803	only 10 wt% PVA addition	780:803	only 10 wt% PVA addition	780:803	Wet tensile strength of the films was considerably enhanced with only 10 wt% PVA addition.
25933525	8	53	theme	wet	1097:1099	arg1	conditions					1101:1110	wet conditions	1097:1110	wet conditions	1097:1110	The developed approach is a simple and straightforward method to produce TCNF films that are stable in wet conditions.
25933525	2	54	theme	dependent	345:353	arg1	behavior					355:362	similar humidity dependent behavior	328:362	similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region	328:384	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	4	55	theme	wet	578:580	arg1	strength					582:589	poor wet strength	573:589	poor wet strength	573:589	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25933525	5	56	theme	Wet	715:717	arg1	strength					727:734	Wet tensile strength	715:734	Wet tensile strength of the films	715:747	Wet tensile strength of the films was considerably enhanced with only 10 wt% PVA addition.
25933525	3	57	theme	films	489:493	arg1	stability					441:449	stability	441:449	stability	441:449	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	3	57	theme	films	489:493	arg1	characteristics					466:480	mechanical characteristics	455:480	mechanical characteristics	455:480	However, in wet films PVA had a significant effect on stability and mechanical characteristics of the films.
25933525	2	58	from	films	283:287	arg1	state					315:319	dry state	311:319	dry state	311:319	Pure TCNF films and TCNF-PVA films in dry state showed similar humidity dependent behavior in the elastic region.
25933525	4	59	theme	poor	573:576	arg1	strength					582:589	poor wet strength	573:589	poor wet strength	573:589	When soaked in water, pure TCNF films exhibited strong swelling behavior and poor wet strength, whereas covalently bridged TCNF-PVA composite films remained intact and could easily be handled even after 24h of soaking.
25461135	3	0	theme	NE	545:546	arg1	responses					532:540	the current responses	520:540	the current responses of NE and 5-HT	520:555	The results showed that the current responses of NE and 5-HT greatly enhanced due to the high catalytic activity of composites.
25461135	1	1	theme	serotonin	287:295	arg1	determination					246:258	simultaneous determination	233:258	simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT)	233:302	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) was fabricated.
25461135	0	2	theme	serotonin	89:97	arg1	determination					53:65	simultaneous determination	40:65	simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin	40:97	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	6	3	theme	modified	900:907	arg1	electrode					909:917	The modified electrode	896:917	The modified electrode	896:917	The modified electrode can be stored stably for at least 3 month at 4°C in a refrigerator.
25461135	7	4	theme	rat	1086:1088	arg1	CSF					1111:1113	CSF	1111:1113	CSF	1111:1113	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	7	4	theme	rat	1086:1088	arg1	fluid					1104:1108	rat cerebrospinal fluid	1086:1108	rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity	1086:1157	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	5	5	theme	peak	717:720	arg1	currents					722:729	The peak currents	713:729	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT	713:744	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	5	theme	peak	717:720	arg1	dependent					760:768	dependent	760:768	dependent	760:768	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	0	6	theme	cerebrospinal	106:118	arg1	fluid					120:124	rat cerebrospinal fluid	102:124	rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	102:163	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	3	7	theme	catalytic	590:598	arg1	activity					600:607	the high catalytic activity	581:607	the high catalytic activity of composites	581:621	The results showed that the current responses of NE and 5-HT greatly enhanced due to the high catalytic activity of composites.
25461135	4	8	theme	peak	628:631	arg1	potentials					633:642	The peak potentials	624:642	The peak potentials of NE and 5-HT	624:657	The peak potentials of NE and 5-HT were separated at about 90mV and 280mV, respectively.
25461135	0	9	theme	rat	102:104	arg1	fluid					120:124	rat cerebrospinal fluid	102:124	rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	102:163	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	7	10	theme	5-HT	1078:1081	arg1	level					1062:1066	the level	1058:1066	the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity	1058:1157	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	7	11	with	fluid	1104:1108	arg1	sensitivity					1147:1157	sensitivity	1147:1157	sensitivity	1147:1157	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	7	11	with	fluid	1104:1108	arg1	selectivity					1131:1141	excellent selectivity	1121:1141	excellent selectivity	1121:1141	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	1	12	theme	new	202:204	arg1	sensor					222:227	A new electrochemical sensor	200:227	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT)	200:302	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) was fabricated.
25461135	7	13	theme	NE	1071:1072	arg1	level					1062:1066	the level	1058:1066	the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity	1058:1157	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	1	14	theme	electrochemical	206:220	arg1	sensor					222:227	A new electrochemical sensor	200:227	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT)	200:302	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) was fabricated.
25461135	0	15	theme	disposable	2:11	arg1	sensor					29:34	A disposable electrochemical sensor	0:34	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	0:163	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	2	16	theme	NE	352:353	arg1	behavior					340:347	The electrochemical behavior	320:347	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT	320:362	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	7	17	theme	excellent	1121:1129	arg1	selectivity					1131:1141	excellent selectivity	1121:1141	excellent selectivity	1121:1141	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	5	18	theme	0.2μM	864:868	arg1	detection					851:859	detection	851:859	detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM	851:879	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	19	theme	0.05-1μM	823:830	arg1	range					801:805	the range	797:805	the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM	797:830	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	20	with	dependent	760:768	arg1	limit					842:846	the limit	838:846	the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM	838:879	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	0	21	theme	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan	135:152	arg1	composites					154:163	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	135:163	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	135:163	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	3	22	theme	high	585:588	arg1	activity					600:607	the high catalytic activity	581:607	the high catalytic activity of composites	581:621	The results showed that the current responses of NE and 5-HT greatly enhanced due to the high catalytic activity of composites.
25461135	1	23	theme	simultaneous	233:244	arg1	determination					246:258	simultaneous determination	233:258	simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT)	233:302	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) was fabricated.
25461135	2	24	theme	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan	471:488	arg1	electrode					460:468	modified screen-printed electrode	436:468	the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE)	402:493	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	2	24	theme	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan	471:488	arg1	SPE					490:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	2	25	theme	electrochemical	324:338	arg1	behavior					340:347	The electrochemical behavior	320:347	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT	320:362	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	4	26	theme	5-HT	654:657	arg1	potentials					633:642	The peak potentials	624:642	The peak potentials of NE and 5-HT	624:657	The peak potentials of NE and 5-HT were separated at about 90mV and 280mV, respectively.
25461135	0	27	theme	simultaneous	40:51	arg1	determination					53:65	simultaneous determination	40:65	simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin	40:97	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	2	28	theme	screen-printed	445:458	arg1	electrode					460:468	modified screen-printed electrode	436:468	the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE)	402:493	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	2	28	theme	screen-printed	445:458	arg1	SPE					490:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	5	29	theme	detection	851:859	arg1	limit					842:846	the limit	838:846	the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM	838:879	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	30	theme	NE	734:735	arg1	currents					722:729	The peak currents	713:729	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT	713:744	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	30	theme	NE	734:735	arg1	dependent					760:768	dependent	760:768	dependent	760:768	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	31	theme	5-HT	741:744	arg1	currents					722:729	The peak currents	713:729	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT	713:744	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	5	31	theme	5-HT	741:744	arg1	dependent					760:768	dependent	760:768	dependent	760:768	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	2	32	theme	modified	436:443	arg1	electrode					460:468	modified screen-printed electrode	436:468	the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE)	402:493	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	2	32	theme	modified	436:443	arg1	SPE					490:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	7	33	theme	cerebrospinal	1090:1102	arg1	CSF					1111:1113	CSF	1111:1113	CSF	1111:1113	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	7	33	theme	cerebrospinal	1090:1102	arg1	fluid					1104:1108	rat cerebrospinal fluid	1086:1108	rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity	1086:1157	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	5	34	theme	0.01μM	874:879	arg1	detection					851:859	detection	851:859	detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM	851:879	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	7	35	from	level	1062:1066	arg1	CSF					1111:1113	CSF	1111:1113	CSF	1111:1113	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	7	35	from	level	1062:1066	arg1	fluid					1104:1108	rat cerebrospinal fluid	1086:1108	rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity	1086:1157	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	3	36	theme	composites	612:621	arg1	activity					600:607	the high catalytic activity	581:607	the high catalytic activity of composites	581:621	The results showed that the current responses of NE and 5-HT greatly enhanced due to the high catalytic activity of composites.
25461135	0	37	theme	screen-printed	174:187	arg1	electrode					189:197	screen-printed electrode	174:197	screen-printed electrode	174:197	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	5	38	from	concentrations	779:792	arg1	range					801:805	the range	797:805	the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM	797:830	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	2	39	theme	5-HT	359:362	arg1	behavior					340:347	The electrochemical behavior	320:347	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT	320:362	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	7	40	theme	modified	1004:1011	arg1	electrode					1013:1021	the modified electrode	1000:1021	the modified electrode	1000:1021	Furthermore, the modified electrode was successfully applied to detect the level of NE and 5-HT in rat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with excellent selectivity and sensitivity.
25461135	3	41	theme	current	524:530	arg1	responses					532:540	the current responses	520:540	the current responses of NE and 5-HT	520:555	The results showed that the current responses of NE and 5-HT greatly enhanced due to the high catalytic activity of composites.
25461135	1	42	theme	norepinephrine	263:276	arg1	determination					246:258	simultaneous determination	233:258	simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT)	233:302	A new electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) was fabricated.
25461135	2	43	dep	composites	425:434	arg1	electrode					460:468	modified screen-printed electrode	436:468	the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE)	402:493	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	2	43	dep	composites	425:434	arg1	SPE					490:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE	471:492	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	3	44	theme	5-HT	552:555	arg1	responses					532:540	the current responses	520:540	the current responses of NE and 5-HT	520:555	The results showed that the current responses of NE and 5-HT greatly enhanced due to the high catalytic activity of composites.
25461135	2	45	theme	MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan	406:423	arg1	composites					425:434	the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	402:434	the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE)	402:493	The electrochemical behavior of NE and 5-HT were investigated using CV and SWV at the MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode (MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan SPE).
25461135	0	46	theme	norepinephrine	70:83	arg1	determination					53:65	simultaneous determination	40:65	simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin	40:97	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	0	47	from	sensor	29:34	arg1	fluid					120:124	rat cerebrospinal fluid	102:124	rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	102:163	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	0	48	theme	electrochemical	13:27	arg1	sensor					29:34	A disposable electrochemical sensor	0:34	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites	0:163	A disposable electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of norepinephrine and serotonin in rat cerebrospinal fluid based on MWNTs-ZnO/chitosan composites modified screen-printed electrode.
25461135	5	49	theme	0.5-30μM	810:817	arg1	range					801:805	the range	797:805	the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM	797:830	The peak currents of NE and 5-HT were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-30μM and 0.05-1μM, with the limit of detection of 0.2μM and 0.01μM, respectively.
25461135	4	50	theme	NE	647:648	arg1	potentials					633:642	The peak potentials	624:642	The peak potentials of NE and 5-HT	624:657	The peak potentials of NE and 5-HT were separated at about 90mV and 280mV, respectively.
26917398	2	0	theme	acid	473:476	arg1	hydrolysis					478:487	partial acid hydrolysis	465:487	partial acid hydrolysis	465:487	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	5	1	theme	single	907:912	arg1	unit					954:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit	905:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	905:1001	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	1	2	theme	Cs-HK1	258:263	arg1	media					220:224	fermentation media	207:224	fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	207:264	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	2	3	theme	partial	465:471	arg1	hydrolysis					478:487	partial acid hydrolysis	465:487	partial acid hydrolysis	465:487	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	6	4	theme	immune	1154:1159	arg1	organs					1161:1166	immune organs	1154:1166	immune organs	1154:1166	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	5	5	theme	comb-like	1014:1022	arg1	β-D-glucan					1024:1033	a comb-like β-D-glucan	1012:1033	a comb-like β-D-glucan	1012:1033	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	5	theme	comb-like	1014:1022	arg1	responsible					1080:1090	responsible	1080:1090	responsible	1080:1090	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	6	dep	confirmed	827:835	arg1	had					841:843	had	841:843	had	841:843	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	4	7	theme	mannose	787:793	arg1	mannose					787:793	mannose	787:793	mannose	787:793	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	4	7	theme	mannose	787:793	arg1	amount					777:782	a trace amount	769:782	a trace amount of mannose	769:793	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	4	8	from	hydrolysis	701:710	arg1	results					644:650	The results	640:650	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis	640:710	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	0	9	theme	protective	80:89	arg1	effect					91:96	its protective effect	76:96	its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice	76:155	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
26917398	6	10	theme	cytokines	1203:1211	arg1	release					1186:1192	the release	1182:1192	the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ	1182:1227	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	3	11	theme	immunomodulatory	533:548	arg1	activity					550:557	the immunomodulatory activity	529:557	the immunomodulatory activity of EPS	529:564	Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of EPS was evaluated by the model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.
26917398	1	12	theme	ethanol	269:275	arg1	precipitation					277:289	ethanol precipitation	269:289	ethanol precipitation	269:289	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	2	13	theme	methylation	494:504	arg1	analysis					506:513	methylation analysis	494:513	methylation analysis	494:513	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	6	14	theme	major	1197:1201	arg1	cytokines					1203:1211	major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ	1197:1227	major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ	1197:1227	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	6	14	theme	major	1197:1201	arg1	INF-γ					1223:1227	INF-γ	1223:1227	INF-γ	1223:1227	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	6	14	theme	major	1197:1201	arg1	TNF-α					1213:1217	TNF-α	1213:1217	TNF-α	1213:1217	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	5	15	theme	-β-D-glucopyranosyl	871:889	arg1	residues					891:898	(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	866:898	(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	866:898	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	6	16	theme	immunocompromised	1281:1297	arg1	mice					1299:1302	immunocompromised mice	1281:1302	immunocompromised mice	1281:1302	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	0	17	theme	cyclophosphamide-induced	106:129	arg1	immunosuppression					131:147	cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression	106:147	cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice	106:155	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
26917398	0	18	theme	comb-like	2:10	arg1	β-D-glucan					21:30	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan	0:30	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan	0:30	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
26917398	5	19	theme	GC-MS	796:800	arg1	analysis					810:817	GC-MS and NMR analysis	796:817	analysis	810:817	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	3	20	theme	EPS	562:564	arg1	activity					550:557	the immunomodulatory activity	529:557	the immunomodulatory activity of EPS	529:564	Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of EPS was evaluated by the model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.
26917398	4	21	from	composition	672:682	arg1	results					644:650	The results	640:650	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis	640:710	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	4	22	theme	acid	696:699	arg1	hydrolysis					701:710	partial acid hydrolysis	688:710	partial acid hydrolysis	688:710	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	2	23	theme	periodate	425:433	arg1	oxidation					435:443	periodate oxidation	425:443	periodate oxidation	425:443	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	4	24	theme	partial	688:694	arg1	hydrolysis					701:710	partial acid hydrolysis	688:710	partial acid hydrolysis	688:710	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	6	25	theme	protective	1260:1269	arg1	effect					1271:1276	protective effect	1260:1276	protective effect	1260:1276	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	1	26	theme	fermentation	207:218	arg1	media					220:224	fermentation media	207:224	fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	207:264	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	0	27	theme	branched	12:19	arg1	β-D-glucan					21:30	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan	0:30	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan	0:30	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
26917398	4	28	theme	trace	771:775	arg1	mannose					787:793	mannose	787:793	mannose	787:793	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	4	28	theme	trace	771:775	arg1	amount					777:782	a trace amount	769:782	a trace amount of mannose	769:793	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	2	29	theme	2D	404:405	arg1	FT-IR					379:383	FT-IR	379:383	FT-IR	379:383	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	2	29	theme	2D	404:405	arg1	NMR					407:409	2D NMR	404:409	2D NMR	404:409	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	1	30	theme	volume	298:303	arg1	ratio					305:309	2/5 volume ratio	294:309	2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media	294:326	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	5	31	theme	high	1096:1099	arg1	viscosity					1101:1109	high viscosity	1096:1109	high viscosity	1096:1109	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	32	theme	short	1040:1044	arg1	branches					1060:1067	short and intensive branches	1040:1067	short and intensive branches	1040:1067	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	33	theme	residues	891:898	arg1	backbone					854:861	a linear backbone	845:861	a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	845:898	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	4	34	theme	monosaccharide	657:670	arg1	composition					672:682	monosaccharide composition	657:682	monosaccharide composition	657:682	The results from monosaccharide composition and partial acid hydrolysis indicated that EPS almost consisted of glucose excluding a trace amount of mannose.
26917398	5	35	theme	NMR	806:808	arg1	analysis					810:817	GC-MS and NMR analysis	796:817	analysis	810:817	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	6	36	dep	cytokines	1203:1211	arg1	cytokines					1203:1211	major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ	1197:1227	major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ	1197:1227	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	6	36	dep	cytokines	1203:1211	arg1	INF-γ					1223:1227	INF-γ	1223:1227	INF-γ	1223:1227	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	6	36	dep	cytokines	1203:1211	arg1	TNF-α					1213:1217	TNF-α	1213:1217	TNF-α	1213:1217	Moreover, EPS could significantly enhance immune organs and stimulate the release of major cytokines TNF-α and INF-γ, suggesting that EPS exhibited protective effect in immunocompromised mice.
26917398	2	37	theme	Smith	446:450	arg1	degradation					452:462	Smith degradation	446:462	Smith degradation	446:462	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	0	38	theme	sinensis	56:63	arg1	fungus					65:70	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus	44:70	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus	44:70	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
26917398	5	39	theme	intensive	1050:1058	arg1	branches					1060:1067	short and intensive branches	1040:1067	short and intensive branches	1040:1067	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	40	theme	1→6	915:917	arg1	unit					954:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit	905:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	905:1001	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	1	41	theme	ethanol/media	314:326	arg1	ratio					305:309	2/5 volume ratio	294:309	2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media	294:326	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	5	42	theme	-β-D-glucopyranosyl	919:937	arg1	unit					954:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit	905:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	905:1001	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	3	43	theme	immunosuppression	621:637	arg1	model					587:591	the model	583:591	the model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression	583:637	Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of EPS was evaluated by the model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.
26917398	2	44	theme	structural	333:342	arg1	characteristics					344:358	Its structural characteristics	329:358	Its structural characteristics	329:358	Its structural characteristics were elucidated by FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR combined with periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, partial acid hydrolysis, and methylation analysis.
26917398	1	45	theme	Cordyceps	231:239	arg1	Cs-HK1					258:263	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	229:264	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	229:264	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	5	46	theme	β-D-glucopyranosyl	975:992	arg1	residues					994:1001	every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	963:1001	every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	963:1001	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	47	theme	side-branching	939:952	arg1	unit					954:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit	905:957	a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	905:1001	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	1	48	theme	sinensis	241:248	arg1	Cs-HK1					258:263	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	229:264	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	229:264	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	5	49	with	β-D-glucan	1024:1033	arg1	branches					1060:1067	short and intensive branches	1040:1067	short and intensive branches	1040:1067	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	5	50	theme	linear	847:852	arg1	backbone					854:861	a linear backbone	845:861	a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues	845:898	GC-MS and NMR analysis further confirmed EPS had a linear backbone of (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues with a single (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit for every three β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, showing a comb-like β-D-glucan with short and intensive branches, which was responsible for high viscosity.
26917398	1	51	theme	fungus	250:255	arg1	Cs-HK1					258:263	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	229:264	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1)	229:264	An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was fractionated from fermentation media of a Cordyceps sinensis fungus (Cs-HK1) by ethanol precipitation at 2/5 volume ratio of ethanol/media.
26917398	0	52	theme	Cordyceps	46:54	arg1	fungus					65:70	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus	44:70	a Cordyceps sinensis fungus	44:70	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
26917398	3	53	theme	cyclophosphamide-induced	596:619	arg1	immunosuppression					621:637	cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression	596:637	cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression	596:637	Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of EPS was evaluated by the model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.
26917398	0	54	from	immunosuppression	131:147	arg1	mice					152:155	mice	152:155	mice	152:155	A comb-like branched β-D-glucan produced by a Cordyceps sinensis fungus and its protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
24687547	1	0	contain	have	139:142	arg1	PCFFs					132:136	PCFFs	132:136	PCFFs	132:136	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	1	0	contain	have	139:142	arg1	felts					125:129	Porous carbon fiber felts	105:129	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs)	105:137	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	1	0	contain	have	139:142	arg2	applications					150:161	great applications	144:161	great applications	144:161	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	9	1	theme	great	1551:1555	arg1	potentials					1557:1566	great potentials	1551:1566	great potentials	1551:1566	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	9	1	theme	great	1551:1555	arg1	materials					1580:1588	scaffold materials	1571:1588	scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation	1571:1633	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	1	2	theme	orthopedic	166:175	arg1	surgery					177:183	orthopedic surgery	166:183	orthopedic surgery	166:183	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	6	3	from	crystallinity	1172:1184	arg1	mineral					1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	3	4	theme	phosphate	667:675	arg1	precursors					677:686	the calcium phosphate precursors	655:686	the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix	655:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	5	5	theme	biological	1069:1078	arg1	apatite					1080:1086	the biological apatite	1065:1086	the biological apatite	1065:1086	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	8	6	theme	simulated	1415:1423	arg1	fluid					1430:1434	simulated body fluid	1415:1434	simulated body fluid	1415:1434	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	8	7	dep	adhesion	1458:1465	arg1	the					1454:1456	the	1454:1456	the	1454:1456	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	4	8	theme	scanning	733:740	arg1	microscopy					751:760	scanning electron microscopy	733:760	The scanning electron microscopy images	729:767	The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain.
24687547	8	9	theme	apatite	1404:1410	arg1	formation					1381:1389	the formation	1377:1389	the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid	1377:1434	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	1	10	theme	porous	261:266	arg1	structure					268:276	porous structure	261:276	porous structure	261:276	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	5	11	theme	calcium-deficient	915:931	arg1	crystals					936:943	the calcium-deficient HA crystals	911:943	the calcium-deficient HA crystals	911:943	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	3	12	theme	chitosan	691:698	arg1	matrix					700:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	9	13	theme	scaffold	1571:1578	arg1	potentials					1557:1566	great potentials	1551:1566	great potentials	1551:1566	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	9	13	theme	scaffold	1571:1578	arg1	materials					1580:1588	scaffold materials	1571:1588	scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation	1571:1633	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	0	14	theme	Hydrothermal	0:11	arg1	fabrication					13:23	Hydrothermal fabrication	0:23	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous	0:64	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
24687547	3	15	theme	HA/chitosan	452:462	arg1	coatings					475:482	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	452:482	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	452:482	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	4	16	theme	HA	826:827	arg1	nanoplates					829:838	elongated HA nanoplates	816:838	elongated HA nanoplates	816:838	The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain.
24687547	4	17	theme	microscopy	751:760	arg1	images					762:767	The scanning electron microscopy images	729:767	The scanning electron microscopy images	729:767	The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain.
24687547	7	18	theme	in	1248:1249	arg1	bioactivity					1257:1267	in vitro bioactivity	1248:1267	in vitro bioactivity	1248:1267	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	3	19	dep	transformation	637:650	arg1	ii					620:621	ii	620:621	ii	620:621	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	20	theme	precursors	677:686	arg1	deposition					553:562	deposition	553:562	(i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs	549:612	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	20	theme	precursors	677:686	arg1	stages					541:546	the following stages	527:546	the following stages	527:546	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	20	theme	precursors	677:686	arg1	transformation					637:650	hydrothermal transformation	624:650	(ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals	619:726	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	4	21	theme	elongated	816:824	arg1	nanoplates					829:838	elongated HA nanoplates	816:838	elongated HA nanoplates	816:838	The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain.
24687547	1	22	theme	Porous	105:110	arg1	PCFFs					132:136	PCFFs	132:136	PCFFs	132:136	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	1	22	theme	Porous	105:110	arg1	felts					125:129	Porous carbon fiber felts	105:129	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs)	105:137	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	8	23	theme	bone-like	1394:1402	arg1	apatite					1404:1410	bone-like apatite	1394:1410	bone-like apatite	1394:1410	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	2	24	theme	first	374:378	arg1	time					380:383	the first time	370:383	the first time	370:383	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	2	25	theme	porous	426:431	arg1	HCCPs					444:448	HCCPs	444:448	HCCPs	444:448	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	2	25	theme	porous	426:431	arg1	scaffolds					433:441	the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds	386:441	the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs)	386:449	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	3	26	from	transformation	637:650	arg1	PCFFs					608:612	PCFFs	608:612	PCFFs	608:612	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	26	from	transformation	637:650	arg1	matrix					700:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	9	27	theme	bone	1594:1597	arg1	engineering					1606:1616	bone tissue engineering	1594:1616	bone tissue engineering	1594:1616	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	1	28	theme	carbon	112:117	arg1	PCFFs					132:136	PCFFs	132:136	PCFFs	132:136	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	1	28	theme	carbon	112:117	arg1	felts					125:129	Porous carbon fiber felts	105:129	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs)	105:137	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	3	29	dep	deposition	553:562	arg1	i					550:550	i	550:550	i	550:550	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	2	30	theme	/chitosan/carbon	409:424	arg1	HCCPs					444:448	HCCPs	444:448	HCCPs	444:448	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	2	30	theme	/chitosan/carbon	409:424	arg1	scaffolds					433:441	the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds	386:441	the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs)	386:449	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	9	31	theme	tissue	1599:1604	arg1	engineering					1606:1616	bone tissue engineering	1594:1616	bone tissue engineering	1594:1616	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	1	32	theme	fiber	119:123	arg1	PCFFs					132:136	PCFFs	132:136	PCFFs	132:136	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	1	32	theme	fiber	119:123	arg1	felts					125:129	Porous carbon fiber felts	105:129	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs)	105:137	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	1	33	theme	strong	200:205	arg1	strength					218:225	the strong mechanical strength	196:225	the strong mechanical strength	196:225	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	0	34	theme	hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon	28:57	arg1	porous					59:64	hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous	28:64	hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous	28:64	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
24687547	7	35	theme	coatings	1344:1351	arg1	presence					1305:1312	the presence	1301:1312	the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	1301:1351	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	3	36	theme	following	531:539	arg1	stages					541:546	the following stages	527:546	the following stages	527:546	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	1	37	theme	mechanical	207:216	arg1	strength					218:225	the strong mechanical strength	196:225	the strong mechanical strength	196:225	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	3	38	from	matrix	700:705	arg1	deposition					553:562	deposition	553:562	(i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs	549:612	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	38	from	matrix	700:705	arg1	stages					541:546	the following stages	527:546	the following stages	527:546	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	38	from	matrix	700:705	arg1	transformation					637:650	hydrothermal transformation	624:650	(ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals	619:726	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	7	39	theme	nanohybrid	1333:1342	arg1	coatings					1344:1351	the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	1317:1351	the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	1317:1351	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	5	40	theme	plate-like	954:963	arg1	shapes					965:970	plate-like shapes	954:970	plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm	954:1041	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	7	41	theme	HA/chitosan	1321:1331	arg1	coatings					1344:1351	the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	1317:1351	the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	1317:1351	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	3	42	from	deposition	553:562	arg1	PCFFs					608:612	PCFFs	608:612	PCFFs	608:612	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	42	from	deposition	553:562	arg1	matrix					700:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	2	43	theme	hydroxyapatite	390:403	arg1	HCCPs					444:448	HCCPs	444:448	HCCPs	444:448	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	2	43	theme	hydroxyapatite	390:403	arg1	scaffolds					433:441	the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds	386:441	the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs)	386:449	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	9	44	contain	have	1546:1549	arg1	HCCPs					1540:1544	HCCPs	1540:1544	HCCPs	1540:1544	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	9	44	contain	have	1546:1549	arg2	materials					1580:1588	scaffold materials	1571:1588	scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation	1571:1633	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	9	44	contain	have	1546:1549	arg2	potentials					1557:1566	great potentials	1551:1566	great potentials	1551:1566	Hence, HCCPs have great potentials as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and implantation.
24687547	3	45	theme	HA	712:713	arg1	nanocrystals					715:726	HA nanocrystals	712:726	HA nanocrystals	712:726	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	5	46	theme	nm	996:997	arg1	width					1000:1004	width	1000:1004	width of 30-40 nm	1000:1016	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	46	theme	nm	996:997	arg1	thickness					977:985	thickness	977:985	thickness of 10-18 nm	977:997	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	46	theme	nm	996:997	arg1	length					1023:1028	length	1023:1028	length of 80-120 nm	1023:1041	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	6	47	from	HA	1093:1094	arg1	HCCPs					1099:1103	HCCPs	1099:1103	HCCPs	1099:1103	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	0	48	theme	porous	59:64	arg1	fabrication					13:23	Hydrothermal fabrication	0:23	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous	0:64	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
24687547	5	49	with	shapes	965:970	arg1	width					1000:1004	width	1000:1004	width of 30-40 nm	1000:1016	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	49	with	shapes	965:970	arg1	thickness					977:985	thickness	977:985	thickness of 10-18 nm	977:997	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	49	with	shapes	965:970	arg1	length					1023:1028	length	1023:1028	length of 80-120 nm	1023:1041	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	6	50	theme	chemical	1150:1157	arg1	composition					1159:1169	chemical composition	1150:1169	chemical composition	1150:1169	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	8	51	from	formation	1381:1389	arg1	fluid					1430:1434	simulated body fluid	1415:1434	simulated body fluid	1415:1434	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	1	52	theme	low	228:230	arg1	density					232:238	low density	228:238	low density	228:238	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	0	53	theme	bone	80:83	arg1	engineering					92:102	bone tissue engineering	80:102	bone tissue engineering	80:102	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
24687547	8	54	theme	marrow	1511:1516	arg1	cells					1526:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	5	55	theme	nm	1040:1041	arg1	width					1000:1004	width	1000:1004	width of 30-40 nm	1000:1016	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	55	theme	nm	1040:1041	arg1	thickness					977:985	thickness	977:985	thickness of 10-18 nm	977:997	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	55	theme	nm	1040:1041	arg1	length					1023:1028	length	1023:1028	length of 80-120 nm	1023:1041	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	7	56	dep	in	1248:1249	arg1	vitro					1251:1255	vitro	1251:1255	vitro	1251:1255	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	3	57	theme	nanohybrid	464:473	arg1	coatings					475:482	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	452:482	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings	452:482	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	5	58	theme	HA	933:934	arg1	crystals					936:943	the calcium-deficient HA crystals	911:943	the calcium-deficient HA crystals	911:943	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	8	59	theme	bone	1506:1509	arg1	cells					1526:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	3	60	theme	hydrothermal	624:635	arg1	transformation					637:650	hydrothermal transformation	624:650	(ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals	619:726	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	6	61	theme	bone	1142:1145	arg1	mineral					1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	2	62	theme	biological	329:338	arg1	properties					340:349	their biological properties	323:349	their biological properties	323:349	To improve their biological properties, we developed, for the first time, the hydroxyapatite (HA)/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds (HCCPs).
24687547	8	63	theme	human	1500:1504	arg1	cells					1526:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	5	64	theme	nm	1015:1016	arg1	width					1000:1004	width	1000:1004	width of 30-40 nm	1000:1016	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	64	theme	nm	1015:1016	arg1	thickness					977:985	thickness	977:985	thickness of 10-18 nm	977:997	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	5	64	theme	nm	1015:1016	arg1	length					1023:1028	length	1023:1028	length of 80-120 nm	1023:1041	Interestingly, the calcium-deficient HA crystals exist as plate-like shapes with thickness of 10-18 nm, width of 30-40 nm, and length of 80-120 nm, which are similar to the biological apatite.
24687547	3	65	theme	precursors	594:603	arg1	deposition					553:562	deposition	553:562	(i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs	549:612	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	65	theme	precursors	594:603	arg1	stages					541:546	the following stages	527:546	the following stages	527:546	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	65	theme	precursors	594:603	arg1	transformation					637:650	hydrothermal transformation	624:650	(ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals	619:726	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	7	66	dep	higher	1241:1246	arg1	biocompatibility					1273:1288	biocompatibility	1273:1288	biocompatibility	1273:1288	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	7	66	dep	higher	1241:1246	arg1	bioactivity					1257:1267	in vitro bioactivity	1248:1267	in vitro bioactivity	1248:1267	As compared with PCFFs, HCCPs exhibit higher in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility because of the presence of the HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings.
24687547	3	67	from	stages	541:546	arg1	PCFFs					608:612	PCFFs	608:612	PCFFs	608:612	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	67	from	stages	541:546	arg1	matrix					700:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	8	68	theme	stromal	1518:1524	arg1	cells					1526:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	human bone marrow stromal cells	1500:1530	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	4	69	theme	electron	742:749	arg1	microscopy					751:760	scanning electron microscopy	733:760	The scanning electron microscopy images	729:767	The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain.
24687547	6	70	theme	natural	1134:1140	arg1	bone					1142:1145	natural bone	1134:1145	natural bone	1134:1145	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	8	71	theme	body	1425:1428	arg1	fluid					1430:1434	simulated body fluid	1415:1434	simulated body fluid	1415:1434	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	1	72	theme	great	144:148	arg1	applications					150:161	great applications	144:161	great applications	144:161	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	6	73	from	composition	1159:1169	arg1	mineral					1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	6	74	from	morphology	1191:1200	arg1	mineral					1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	mineral	1123:1129	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	4	75	from	macropores	862:871	arg1	PCFFs					876:880	PCFFs	876:880	PCFFs	876:880	The scanning electron microscopy images indicate that PCFFs are uniformly covered with elongated HA nanoplates and chitosan, and the macropores in PCFFs still remain.
24687547	3	76	theme	chitosan/calcium	567:582	arg1	precursors					594:603	chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors	567:603	chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors	567:603	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	1	77	theme	high	241:244	arg1	stability					246:254	high stability	241:254	high stability	241:254	Porous carbon fiber felts (PCFFs) have great applications in orthopedic surgery because of the strong mechanical strength, low density, high stability, and porous structure, but they are biologically inert.
24687547	0	78	theme	tissue	85:90	arg1	engineering					92:102	bone tissue engineering	80:102	bone tissue engineering	80:102	Hydrothermal fabrication of hydroxyapatite/chitosan/carbon porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
24687547	3	79	theme	calcium	659:665	arg1	precursors					677:686	the calcium phosphate precursors	655:686	the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix	655:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	80	theme	phosphate	584:592	arg1	precursors					594:603	chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors	567:603	chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors	567:603	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	3	81	from	precursors	677:686	arg1	matrix					700:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	chitosan matrix	691:705	HA/chitosan nanohybrid coatings have been fabricated on PCFFs according to the following stages: (i) deposition of chitosan/calcium phosphate precursors on PCFFs; and (ii) hydrothermal transformation of the calcium phosphate precursors in chitosan matrix into HA nanocrystals.
24687547	6	82	from	mineral	1123:1129	arg1	crystallinity					1172:1184	crystallinity	1172:1184	crystallinity	1172:1184	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	6	82	from	mineral	1123:1129	arg1	morphology					1191:1200	morphology	1191:1200	morphology	1191:1200	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	6	82	from	mineral	1123:1129	arg1	composition					1159:1169	chemical composition	1150:1169	chemical composition	1150:1169	The HA in HCCPs is similar to the mineral of natural bone in chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology.
24687547	8	83	theme	cells	1526:1530	arg1	spreading					1468:1476	spreading	1468:1476	spreading	1468:1476	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	8	83	theme	cells	1526:1530	arg1	proliferation					1483:1495	proliferation	1483:1495	proliferation	1483:1495	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
24687547	8	83	theme	cells	1526:1530	arg1	adhesion					1458:1465	adhesion	1458:1465	adhesion	1458:1465	HCCPs not only promote the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid, but also improve the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of human bone marrow stromal cells.
27861621	7	0	from	increases	1090:1098	arg1	lactate					1115:1121	lactate	1115:1121	lactate	1115:1121	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	7	0	from	increases	1090:1098	arg1	acetate					1103:1109	acetate	1103:1109	acetate	1103:1109	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	7	0	from	increases	1090:1098	arg1	butyrate					1149:1156	butyrate	1149:1156	butyrate	1149:1156	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	7	0	from	increases	1090:1098	arg1	contents					1167:1174	cecal contents	1161:1174	cecal contents	1161:1174	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	3	1	theme	FOS	477:479	arg1	component					464:472	each component	459:472	each component of FOS	459:479	However, to our knowledge, few studies have been conducted on the physiological effects of each component of FOS as prebiotics.
27861621	6	2	theme	cecal	938:942	arg1	composition					955:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	0	3	theme	1-Kestose	64:72	arg1	Feeding					53:59	Feeding	53:59	Feeding of 1-Kestose	53:72	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	0	4	from	Alteration	3:12	arg1	Composition					38:48	the Cecal Microbiota Composition	17:48	the Cecal Microbiota Composition	17:48	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	5	5	from	lactate	827:833	arg1	rats					838:841	rats	838:841	rats	838:841	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	2	6	theme	researched	326:335	arg1	fructans					303:310	fructans	303:310	fructans	303:310	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS), including fructans, are the well researched and commercialized prebiotics.
27861621	2	6	theme	researched	326:335	arg1	Fructooligosaccarides					264:284	Fructooligosaccarides	264:284	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS)	264:290	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS), including fructans, are the well researched and commercialized prebiotics.
27861621	2	6	theme	researched	326:335	arg1	prebiotics					356:365	the well researched and commercialized prebiotics	317:365	the well researched and commercialized prebiotics	317:365	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS), including fructans, are the well researched and commercialized prebiotics.
27861621	6	7	theme	spp	1034:1036	arg1	number					1008:1013	the cell number	999:1013	the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp	999:1036	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	8	8	theme	%	1287:1287	arg1	diet					1299:1302	2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1282:1302	2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1282:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	4	9	from	component	619:627	arg1	FOS					644:646	short-chain FOS	632:646	short-chain FOS	632:646	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	1	10	theme	intestinal	240:249	arg1	environment					251:261	the intestinal environment	236:261	the intestinal environment	236:261	Functional food ingredients, including prebiotics, have been ardently developed for improving the intestinal environment.
27861621	7	11	theme	marked	1130:1135	arg1	increase					1137:1144	a marked increase	1128:1144	a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents	1128:1174	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	8	12	theme	2.5-5	1282:1286	arg1	%					1287:1287	%	1287:1287	%	1287:1287	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	5	13	from	acids	817:821	arg1	rats					838:841	rats	838:841	rats	838:841	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	14	theme	lactate	827:833	arg1	composition					765:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	14	theme	lactate	827:833	arg1	contents					787:794	cecal contents	781:794	cecal contents	781:794	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	0	15	from	Content	125:131	arg1	Rats					136:139	Rats	136:139	Rats	136:139	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	8	16	theme	dietary	1190:1196	arg1	1-kestose					1198:1206	dietary 1-kestose	1190:1206	dietary 1-kestose	1190:1206	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	8	17	from	decrease	1230:1237	arg1	concentration					1256:1268	serum insulin concentration	1242:1268	serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1242:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	5	18	theme	short-chain	799:809	arg1	acids					817:821	short-chain fatty acids	799:821	short-chain fatty acids	799:821	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	1	19	theme	Functional	142:151	arg1	ingredients					158:168	Functional food ingredients	142:168	Functional food ingredients	142:168	Functional food ingredients, including prebiotics, have been ardently developed for improving the intestinal environment.
27861621	1	19	theme	Functional	142:151	arg1	prebiotics					181:190	prebiotics	181:190	prebiotics	181:190	Functional food ingredients, including prebiotics, have been ardently developed for improving the intestinal environment.
27861621	0	20	theme	Marked	87:92	arg1	Increase					94:101	a Marked Increase	85:101	a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats	85:139	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	5	21	theme	1-kestose	706:714	arg1	effects					687:693	the effects	683:693	the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats	683:841	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	7	22	theme	significant	1078:1088	arg1	increases					1090:1098	significant increases	1078:1098	significant increases	1078:1098	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	8	23	theme	1-kestose	1289:1297	arg1	diet					1299:1302	2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1282:1302	2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1282:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	6	24	theme	Bifidobacterium	1018:1032	arg1	spp					1034:1036	Bifidobacterium spp	1018:1036	Bifidobacterium spp	1018:1036	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	1	25	theme	food	153:156	arg1	ingredients					158:168	Functional food ingredients	142:168	Functional food ingredients	142:168	Functional food ingredients, including prebiotics, have been ardently developed for improving the intestinal environment.
27861621	1	25	theme	food	153:156	arg1	prebiotics					181:190	prebiotics	181:190	prebiotics	181:190	Functional food ingredients, including prebiotics, have been ardently developed for improving the intestinal environment.
27861621	5	26	theme	1-kestose	729:737	arg1	diets					739:743	0.5-5% 1-kestose diets	722:743	0.5-5% 1-kestose diets	722:743	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	27	theme	dietary	698:704	arg1	1-kestose					706:714	dietary 1-kestose	698:714	dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets	698:743	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	6	28	theme	cell	1003:1006	arg1	number					1008:1013	the cell number	999:1013	the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp	999:1036	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	4	29	theme	prebiotic	609:617	arg1	component					619:627	a key prebiotic component	603:627	a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS	603:646	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	4	29	theme	prebiotic	609:617	arg1	1-Kestose					496:504	1-Kestose	496:504	1-Kestose	496:504	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	4	30	theme	FOS	522:524	arg1	1-Kestose					496:504	1-Kestose	496:504	1-Kestose	496:504	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	4	30	theme	FOS	522:524	arg1	component					509:517	a component	507:517	a component of FOS	507:524	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	5	31	from	rats	838:841	arg1	composition					765:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	31	from	rats	838:841	arg1	contents					787:794	cecal contents	781:794	cecal contents	781:794	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	4	32	theme	key	605:607	arg1	component					619:627	a key prebiotic component	603:627	a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS	603:646	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	4	32	theme	key	605:607	arg1	1-Kestose					496:504	1-Kestose	496:504	1-Kestose	496:504	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	6	33	from	increase	987:994	arg1	number					1008:1013	the cell number	999:1013	the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp	999:1036	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	3	34	theme	physiological	434:446	arg1	effects					448:454	the physiological effects	430:454	the physiological effects of each component of FOS as prebiotics	430:493	However, to our knowledge, few studies have been conducted on the physiological effects of each component of FOS as prebiotics.
27861621	5	35	theme	cecal	748:752	arg1	composition					765:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	6	36	theme	cecal	897:901	arg1	hypertrophy					903:913	cecal hypertrophy	897:913	cecal hypertrophy	897:913	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	4	37	theme	short-chain	632:642	arg1	FOS					644:646	short-chain FOS	632:646	short-chain FOS	632:646	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	0	38	theme	Microbiota	27:36	arg1	Composition					38:48	the Cecal Microbiota Composition	17:48	the Cecal Microbiota Composition	17:48	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	0	39	theme	Butyrate	116:123	arg1	Content					125:131	the Cecal Butyrate Content	106:131	the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats	106:139	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	8	40	theme	significant	1218:1228	arg1	decrease					1230:1237	a significant decrease	1216:1237	a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1216:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	5	41	theme	present	656:662	arg1	study					664:668	the present study	652:668	the present study	652:668	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	42	theme	fatty	811:815	arg1	acids					817:821	short-chain fatty acids	799:821	short-chain fatty acids	799:821	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	6	43	theme	marked	980:985	arg1	increase					987:994	a marked increase	978:994	a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp	978:1036	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	0	44	theme	Cecal	21:25	arg1	Composition					38:48	the Cecal Microbiota Composition	17:48	the Cecal Microbiota Composition	17:48	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	0	45	theme	Cecal	110:114	arg1	Content					125:131	the Cecal Butyrate Content	106:131	the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats	106:139	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	7	46	from	increase	1137:1144	arg1	lactate					1115:1121	lactate	1115:1121	lactate	1115:1121	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	7	46	from	increase	1137:1144	arg1	acetate					1103:1109	acetate	1103:1109	acetate	1103:1109	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	7	46	from	increase	1137:1144	arg1	butyrate					1149:1156	butyrate	1149:1156	butyrate	1149:1156	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	7	46	from	increase	1137:1144	arg1	contents					1167:1174	cecal contents	1161:1174	cecal contents	1161:1174	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	6	47	from	hypertrophy	903:913	arg1	composition					955:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	5	48	theme	cecal	781:785	arg1	contents					787:794	cecal contents	781:794	cecal contents	781:794	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	49	theme	0.5-5	722:726	arg1	%					727:727	%	727:727	%	727:727	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	6	50	theme	dietary	871:877	arg1	1-kestose					879:887	dietary 1-kestose	871:887	dietary 1-kestose	871:887	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	9	51	theme	host	1407:1410	arg1	metabolism					1389:1398	the metabolism	1385:1398	the metabolism of the host	1385:1410	These findings suggest a potential of 1-kestose to be a prebiotic for improving the metabolism of the host.
27861621	3	52	theme	component	464:472	arg1	effects					448:454	the physiological effects	430:454	the physiological effects of each component of FOS as prebiotics	430:493	However, to our knowledge, few studies have been conducted on the physiological effects of each component of FOS as prebiotics.
27861621	5	53	theme	%	727:727	arg1	diets					739:743	0.5-5% 1-kestose diets	722:743	0.5-5% 1-kestose diets	722:743	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	0	54	from	Increase	94:101	arg1	Content					125:131	the Cecal Butyrate Content	106:131	the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats	106:139	An Alteration in the Cecal Microbiota Composition by Feeding of 1-Kestose Results in a Marked Increase in the Cecal Butyrate Content in Rats.
27861621	6	55	from	alterations	919:929	arg1	composition					955:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	8	56	from	concentration	1256:1268	arg1	rats					1273:1276	rats	1273:1276	rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1273:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	5	57	from	composition	765:775	arg1	rats					838:841	rats	838:841	rats	838:841	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	8	58	theme	insulin	1248:1254	arg1	concentration					1256:1268	serum insulin concentration	1242:1268	serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1242:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	8	59	theme	serum	1242:1246	arg1	concentration					1256:1268	serum insulin concentration	1242:1268	serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet	1242:1302	Furthermore, dietary 1-kestose induced a significant decrease in serum insulin concentration in rats fed 2.5-5% 1-kestose diet.
27861621	7	60	theme	cecal	1161:1165	arg1	contents					1167:1174	cecal contents	1161:1174	cecal contents	1161:1174	These alterations were associated with significant increases in acetate and lactate, and a marked increase in butyrate in cecal contents.
27861621	5	61	from	effects	687:693	arg1	composition					765:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	61	from	effects	687:693	arg1	contents					787:794	cecal contents	781:794	cecal contents	781:794	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	62	theme	microbiota	754:763	arg1	composition					765:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	63	theme	acids	817:821	arg1	composition					765:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	cecal microbiota composition	748:775	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	5	63	theme	acids	817:821	arg1	contents					787:794	cecal contents	781:794	cecal contents	781:794	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	4	64	theme	glucose	546:552	arg1	molecules					571:579	one glucose and two fructose molecules	542:579	one glucose and two fructose molecules	542:579	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
27861621	3	65	theme	few	395:397	arg1	studies					399:405	few studies	395:405	few studies	395:405	However, to our knowledge, few studies have been conducted on the physiological effects of each component of FOS as prebiotics.
27861621	6	66	theme	microbiota	944:953	arg1	composition					955:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	the cecal microbiota composition	934:965	The findings indicate that dietary 1-kestose induced cecal hypertrophy and alterations in the cecal microbiota composition, including a marked increase in the cell number of Bifidobacterium spp.
27861621	5	67	from	contents	787:794	arg1	rats					838:841	rats	838:841	rats	838:841	In the present study, we examined the effects of dietary 1-kestose using 0.5-5% 1-kestose diets on cecal microbiota composition and cecal contents of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in rats.
27861621	2	68	theme	commercialized	341:354	arg1	fructans					303:310	fructans	303:310	fructans	303:310	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS), including fructans, are the well researched and commercialized prebiotics.
27861621	2	68	theme	commercialized	341:354	arg1	Fructooligosaccarides					264:284	Fructooligosaccarides	264:284	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS)	264:290	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS), including fructans, are the well researched and commercialized prebiotics.
27861621	2	68	theme	commercialized	341:354	arg1	prebiotics					356:365	the well researched and commercialized prebiotics	317:365	the well researched and commercialized prebiotics	317:365	Fructooligosaccarides (FOS), including fructans, are the well researched and commercialized prebiotics.
27861621	9	69	theme	1-kestose	1343:1351	arg1	potential					1330:1338	a potential	1328:1338	a potential of 1-kestose to be a prebiotic for improving the metabolism of the host	1328:1410	These findings suggest a potential of 1-kestose to be a prebiotic for improving the metabolism of the host.
27861621	4	70	theme	fructose	562:569	arg1	molecules					571:579	one glucose and two fructose molecules	542:579	one glucose and two fructose molecules	542:579	1-Kestose, a component of FOS, is composed of one glucose and two fructose molecules, and is considered as a key prebiotic component in short-chain FOS.
28683653	0	0	theme	Patches	94:100	arg1	Construction					66:77	the Construction	62:77	the Construction of Implantable Patches	62:100	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.
28683653	3	1	theme	promising	709:717	arg1	substrate					733:741	the most promising and appealing substrate	700:741	the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far	700:778	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	0	2	theme	Implantable	82:92	arg1	Patches					94:100	Implantable Patches	82:100	Implantable Patches	82:100	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.
28683653	1	3	theme	approaches	270:279	arg1	outcome					259:265	the unsatisfactory outcome	240:265	the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells	240:318	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	4	4	theme	different	934:942	arg1	protocols					944:952	five different protocols	929:952	five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	929:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	3	5	theme	occurring	547:555	arg1	ECM					557:559	the naturally occurring ECM	533:559	the naturally occurring ECM	533:559	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	3	5	theme	occurring	547:555	arg1	platform					574:581	the ideal platform	564:581	the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation	564:657	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	4	6	theme	named	976:980	arg1	Pr1					982:984	named Pr1	976:984	named Pr1	976:984	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	7	theme	architecture	1091:1102	arg1	efficiency					1023:1032	efficiency	1023:1032	efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	1023:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	1	8	theme	synthetic	142:150	arg1	scaffolds					163:171	synthetic or natural scaffolds	142:171	synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells	142:207	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	3	9	theme	appealing	723:731	arg1	substrate					733:741	the most promising and appealing substrate	700:741	the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far	700:778	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	4	10	theme	three-dimensional	1073:1089	arg1	architecture					1091:1102	three-dimensional architecture	1073:1102	three-dimensional architecture	1073:1102	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	6	11	theme	acellular	1333:1341	arg1	d-ECM					1343:1347	thoroughly acellular d-ECM	1322:1347	thoroughly acellular d-ECM	1322:1347	Specifically, only three, of the five protocols tested, proved effective in producing thoroughly acellular d-ECM.
28683653	4	12	theme	ECM	831:833	arg1	scaffold					798:805	intact scaffold	791:805	intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	791:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	13	theme	d-ECM	1107:1111	arg1	scaffolds					1113:1121	d-ECM scaffolds	1107:1121	d-ECM scaffolds	1107:1121	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	1	14	theme	stem/progenitor	187:201	arg1	cells					203:207	stem/progenitor cells	187:207	stem/progenitor cells	187:207	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	2	15	theme	soluble	486:492	arg1	factors					494:500	soluble factors	486:500	soluble factors	486:500	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	3	16	theme	ideal	568:572	arg1	ECM					557:559	the naturally occurring ECM	533:559	the naturally occurring ECM	533:559	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	3	16	theme	ideal	568:572	arg1	platform					574:581	the ideal platform	564:581	the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation	564:657	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	2	17	theme	extracellular	455:467	arg1	ECM					477:479	ECM	477:479	ECM	477:479	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	2	17	theme	extracellular	455:467	arg1	matrix					469:474	extracellular matrix	455:474	extracellular matrix (ECM)	455:480	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	2	18	theme	Parenchymal	321:331	arg1	cells					348:352	Parenchymal and supporting cells	321:352	cells	348:352	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	4	19	theme	composition	1056:1066	arg1	efficiency					1023:1032	efficiency	1023:1032	efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	1023:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	0	20	theme	Myocardium	22:31	arg1	Method					51:56	Human Myocardium Decellularization Method	16:56	Human Myocardium Decellularization Method	16:56	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.
28683653	1	21	theme	tissue	111:116	arg1	engineering					118:128	Cardiac tissue engineering	103:128	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells	103:207	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	4	22	theme	human	810:814	arg1	ECM					831:833	human native cardiac ECM	810:833	human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	810:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	1	23	theme	Cardiac	103:109	arg1	engineering					118:128	Cardiac tissue engineering	103:128	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells	103:207	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	0	24	theme	Method	51:56	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.	0:101	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.
28683653	7	25	theme	cardiac	1519:1525	arg1	cells					1537:1541	cardiac primitive cells	1519:1541	cardiac primitive cells	1519:1541	In addition, the d-ECM delivered differed in architecture and composition and, more importantly, in its ability to support engraftment, survival, and differentiation of cardiac primitive cells in vitro.
28683653	3	26	theme	cell	596:599	arg1	differentiation					643:657	differentiation	643:657	differentiation	643:657	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	3	26	theme	cell	596:599	arg1	survival					614:621	survival	614:621	survival	614:621	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	3	26	theme	cell	596:599	arg1	engraftment					601:611	cell engraftment	596:611	cell engraftment	596:611	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	3	26	theme	cell	596:599	arg1	proliferation					624:636	proliferation	624:636	proliferation	624:636	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	0	27	theme	Decellularization	33:49	arg1	Method					51:56	Human Myocardium Decellularization Method	16:56	Human Myocardium Decellularization Method	16:56	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.
28683653	1	28	theme	cells	314:318	arg1	injection					301:309	the injection	297:309	the injection of cells	297:318	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	4	29	from	protocols	944:952	arg1	terms					1014:1018	terms	1014:1018	terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	1014:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	2	30	theme	tissue-specific	400:414	arg1	microenvironment					416:431	a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment	382:431	a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment	382:431	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	4	31	theme	decellularized	885:898	arg1	ECM					900:902	the decellularized ECM	881:902	the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	881:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	31	theme	decellularized	885:898	arg1	d-ECM					905:909	d-ECM	905:909	d-ECM	905:909	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	32	theme	cardiac	823:829	arg1	ECM					831:833	human native cardiac ECM	810:833	human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	810:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	33	theme	suitability	1136:1146	arg1	architecture					1091:1102	three-dimensional architecture	1073:1102	three-dimensional architecture	1073:1102	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	33	theme	suitability	1136:1146	arg1	composition					1056:1066	composition	1056:1066	composition	1056:1066	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	33	theme	suitability	1136:1146	arg1	decellularization					1037:1053	decellularization	1037:1053	decellularization	1037:1053	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	7	34	theme	primitive	1527:1535	arg1	cells					1537:1541	cardiac primitive cells	1519:1541	cardiac primitive cells	1519:1541	In addition, the d-ECM delivered differed in architecture and composition and, more importantly, in its ability to support engraftment, survival, and differentiation of cardiac primitive cells in vitro.
28683653	3	35	theme	native	674:679	arg1	ECM					681:683	the acellular native ECM	660:683	the acellular native ECM	660:683	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	4	36	theme	native	816:821	arg1	ECM					831:833	human native cardiac ECM	810:833	human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	810:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	37	theme	efficiency	1023:1032	arg1	terms					1014:1018	terms	1014:1018	terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	1014:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	38	theme	intact	791:796	arg1	scaffold					798:805	intact scaffold	791:805	intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	791:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	5	39	theme	decellularization	1175:1191	arg1	procedures					1193:1202	The decellularization procedures	1171:1202	The decellularization procedures	1171:1202	The decellularization procedures proved substantially different.
28683653	4	40	theme	cell	1152:1155	arg1	repopulation					1157:1168	cell repopulation	1152:1168	cell repopulation	1152:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	41	dep	decellularization	957:973	arg1	Pr4					997:999	Pr4	997:999	Pr4	997:999	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	41	dep	decellularization	957:973	arg1	Pr5					1006:1008	Pr5	1006:1008	Pr5	1006:1008	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	41	dep	decellularization	957:973	arg1	Pr3					992:994	Pr3	992:994	Pr3	992:994	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	41	dep	decellularization	957:973	arg1	Pr2					987:989	Pr2	987:989	Pr2	987:989	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	41	dep	decellularization	957:973	arg1	Pr1					982:984	named Pr1	976:984	named Pr1	976:984	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	2	42	theme	supporting	337:346	arg1	cells					348:352	Parenchymal and supporting cells	321:352	cells	348:352	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	4	43	theme	decellularization	1037:1053	arg1	efficiency					1023:1032	efficiency	1023:1032	efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	1023:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	6	44	theme	protocols	1274:1282	arg1	protocols					1274:1282	the five protocols	1265:1282	the five protocols tested	1265:1289	Specifically, only three, of the five protocols tested, proved effective in producing thoroughly acellular d-ECM.
28683653	6	44	theme	protocols	1274:1282	arg1	three					1255:1259	three	1255:1259	three	1255:1259	Specifically, only three, of the five protocols tested, proved effective in producing thoroughly acellular d-ECM.
28683653	3	45	theme	acellular	664:672	arg1	ECM					681:683	the acellular native ECM	660:683	the acellular native ECM	660:683	Since the naturally occurring ECM is the ideal platform for ensuring cell engraftment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation, the acellular native ECM appears by far the most promising and appealing substrate among all biomaterials tested so far.
28683653	7	46	theme	cells	1537:1541	arg1	survival					1486:1493	survival	1486:1493	survival	1486:1493	In addition, the d-ECM delivered differed in architecture and composition and, more importantly, in its ability to support engraftment, survival, and differentiation of cardiac primitive cells in vitro.
28683653	7	46	theme	cells	1537:1541	arg1	differentiation					1500:1514	differentiation	1500:1514	differentiation	1500:1514	In addition, the d-ECM delivered differed in architecture and composition and, more importantly, in its ability to support engraftment, survival, and differentiation of cardiac primitive cells in vitro.
28683653	7	46	theme	cells	1537:1541	arg1	engraftment					1473:1483	engraftment	1473:1483	engraftment	1473:1483	In addition, the d-ECM delivered differed in architecture and composition and, more importantly, in its ability to support engraftment, survival, and differentiation of cardiac primitive cells in vitro.
28683653	4	47	theme	scaffolds	1113:1121	arg1	architecture					1091:1102	three-dimensional architecture	1073:1102	three-dimensional architecture	1073:1102	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	47	theme	scaffolds	1113:1121	arg1	composition					1056:1066	composition	1056:1066	composition	1056:1066	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	47	theme	scaffolds	1113:1121	arg1	decellularization					1037:1053	decellularization	1037:1053	decellularization	1037:1053	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	4	48	from	terms	1014:1018	arg1	protocols					944:952	five different protocols	929:952	five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	929:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	2	49	theme	specialized	384:394	arg1	microenvironment					416:431	a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment	382:431	a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment	382:431	Parenchymal and supporting cells are surrounded, in vivo, by a specialized and tissue-specific microenvironment, consisting mainly of extracellular matrix (ECM) and soluble factors incorporated in the ECM.
28683653	1	50	theme	unsatisfactory	244:257	arg1	outcome					259:265	the unsatisfactory outcome	240:265	the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells	240:318	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	4	51	theme	decellularization	957:973	arg1	protocols					944:952	five different protocols	929:952	five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	929:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
28683653	0	52	theme	Human	16:20	arg1	Method					51:56	Human Myocardium Decellularization Method	16:56	Human Myocardium Decellularization Method	16:56	Optimization of Human Myocardium Decellularization Method for the Construction of Implantable Patches.
28683653	1	53	theme	natural	155:161	arg1	scaffolds					163:171	synthetic or natural scaffolds	142:171	synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells	142:207	Cardiac tissue engineering by means of synthetic or natural scaffolds combined with stem/progenitor cells is emerging as the response to the unsatisfactory outcome of approaches based solely on the injection of cells.
28683653	4	54	from	decellularization	957:973	arg1	terms					1014:1018	terms	1014:1018	terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation	1014:1168	To obtain intact scaffold of human native cardiac ECM while preserving its composition, we compared the decellularized ECM (d-ECM) produced through five different protocols of decellularization (named Pr1, Pr2, Pr3, Pr4, and Pr5) in terms of efficiency of decellularization, composition, and three-dimensional architecture of d-ECM scaffolds and of their suitability for cell repopulation.
27539011	2	0	theme	vol	512:514	arg1	%					515:515	0.15-3.0 vol%	503:515	0.15-3.0 vol%	503:515	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	2	0	theme	vol	512:514	arg1	water					496:500	water	496:500	water (0.15-3.0 vol%)	496:516	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	6	1	theme	diffusion	1089:1097	arg1	kinetics					1032:1039	The kinetics	1028:1039	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix	1028:1120	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	7	2	theme	complete	1184:1191	arg1	release					1193:1199	the complete release	1180:1199	the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films	1180:1301	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	5	3	contain	contains	904:911	arg2	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					954:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	5	3	contain	contains	904:911	arg1	chitosan					895:902	unmodified chitosan	884:902	unmodified chitosan	884:902	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	5	3	contain	contains	904:911	arg2	amount					926:931	the greatest amount	913:931	the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	913:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	1	4	theme	derivatives	166:176	arg1	impregnation					133:144	impregnation	133:144	impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	133:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	3	5	from	concentration	576:588	arg1	film					604:607	a chitosan film	593:607	a chitosan film	593:607	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	7	6	theme	unmodified	1277:1286	arg1	films					1297:1301	unmodified chitosan films	1277:1301	unmodified chitosan films	1277:1301	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	4	7	used	used	687:690	arg2	We					679:680	We	679:680	We	679:680	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	3	8	theme	maximum	523:529	arg1	concentration					576:588	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration	519:588	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film	519:607	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	5	9	theme	greatest	917:924	arg1	amount					926:931	the greatest amount	913:931	the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	913:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	5	9	theme	greatest	917:924	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					954:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	5	10	theme	hydrophobic	1003:1013	arg1	derivatives					1015:1025	its hydrophobic derivatives	999:1025	its hydrophobic derivatives	999:1025	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	7	11	theme	chitosan	1288:1295	arg1	films					1297:1301	unmodified chitosan films	1277:1301	unmodified chitosan films	1277:1301	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	7	12	theme	2-2-hydroxyphenyl	1204:1220	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					1222:1247	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	1204:1247	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase	1204:1270	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	0	13	from	imidazoles	55:64	arg1	dioxide					90:96	supercritical carbon dioxide	69:96	supercritical carbon dioxide	69:96	Chitosan impregnation with biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide.
27539011	1	14	with	impregnation	133:144	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					258:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	14	with	impregnation	133:144	arg1	compound					229:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound	183:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	183:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	6	15	theme	acidified	1137:1145	arg1	water					1147:1151	acidified water	1137:1151	acidified water with pH 1.6	1137:1163	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	6	16	from	kinetics	1032:1039	arg1	matrix					1115:1120	a chitosan matrix	1104:1120	a chitosan matrix	1104:1120	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	6	17	from	matrix	1115:1120	arg1	diffusion					1089:1097	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion	1044:1097	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix	1044:1120	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	6	17	from	matrix	1115:1120	arg1	kinetics					1032:1039	The kinetics	1028:1039	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix	1028:1120	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	3	18	theme	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	549:574	arg1	concentration					576:588	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration	519:588	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film	519:607	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	2	19	theme	carbon	428:433	arg1	dioxide					435:441	supercritical carbon dioxide	414:441	supercritical carbon dioxide	414:441	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	4	20	with	copolymer	748:756	arg1	polylactide					763:773	polylactide	763:773	polylactide	763:773	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	3	21	from	content	655:661	arg1	reactor					670:676	the reactor	666:676	the reactor	666:676	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	4	22	theme	chitosan	731:738	arg1	matrices					778:785	matrices	778:785	matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	778:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	22	theme	chitosan	731:738	arg1	copolymer					748:756	its copolymer	744:756	its copolymer with polylactide	744:773	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	22	theme	chitosan	731:738	arg1	derivatives					716:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives	692:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan	692:738	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	2	23	theme	supercritical	414:426	arg1	dioxide					435:441	supercritical carbon dioxide	414:441	supercritical carbon dioxide	414:441	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	7	24	theme	aqueous	1258:1264	arg1	phase					1266:1270	the aqueous phase	1254:1270	the aqueous phase	1254:1270	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	1	25	theme	supercritical	293:305	arg1	dioxide					314:320	the supercritical carbon dioxide	289:320	the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	289:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	7	26	from	chitosan	1353:1360	arg1	release					1340:1346	its complete release	1327:1346	its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids	1327:1399	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	1	27	theme	presented	103:111	arg1	paper					113:117	The presented paper	99:117	The presented paper	99:117	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	28	theme	active	198:203	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					258:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	28	theme	active	198:203	arg1	compound					229:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound	183:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	183:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	7	29	theme	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	1222:1247	arg1	release					1193:1199	the complete release	1180:1199	the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films	1180:1301	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	1	30	theme	carbon	307:312	arg1	dioxide					314:320	the supercritical carbon dioxide	289:320	the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	289:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	31	theme	triaryl	205:211	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					258:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	31	theme	triaryl	205:211	arg1	compound					229:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound	183:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	183:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	2	32	theme	initial	336:342	arg1	chitosan					344:351	initial chitosan	336:351	initial chitosan	336:351	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	1	33	theme	dioxide	314:320	arg1	medium					322:327	the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	289:327	the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	289:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	3	34	theme	chitosan	595:602	arg1	film					604:607	a chitosan film	593:607	a chitosan film	593:607	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	1	35	theme	imidazole	213:221	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					258:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	35	theme	imidazole	213:221	arg1	compound					229:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound	183:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	183:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	0	36	theme	tryaryl	47:53	arg1	imidazoles					55:64	biologically active tryaryl imidazoles	27:64	biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide	27:96	Chitosan impregnation with biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide.
27539011	4	37	theme	hydroxy	692:698	arg1	matrices					778:785	matrices	778:785	matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	778:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	37	theme	hydroxy	692:698	arg1	copolymer					748:756	its copolymer	744:756	its copolymer with polylactide	744:773	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	37	theme	hydroxy	692:698	arg1	derivatives					716:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives	692:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan	692:738	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	3	38	theme	water	649:653	arg1	content					655:661	the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content	625:661	the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor	625:676	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	4	39	theme	2-2-hydroxyphenyl	819:835	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					837:862	hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	807:862	hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	807:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	1	40	theme	model	223:227	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					258:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	40	theme	model	223:227	arg1	compound					229:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound	183:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	183:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	0	41	theme	active	40:45	arg1	imidazoles					55:64	biologically active tryaryl imidazoles	27:64	biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide	27:96	Chitosan impregnation with biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide.
27539011	2	42	theme	water	496:500	arg1	presence					484:491	the presence	480:491	the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%)	480:516	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	3	43	theme	~5 × 10	629:635	arg1	content					655:661	the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content	625:661	the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor	625:676	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	6	44	theme	chitosan	1106:1113	arg1	matrix					1115:1120	a chitosan matrix	1104:1120	a chitosan matrix	1104:1120	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	6	45	with	water	1147:1151	arg1	pH					1158:1159	pH 1.6	1158:1163	pH 1.6	1158:1163	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
27539011	4	46	theme	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	837:862	arg1	introduction					791:802	introduction	791:802	introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	791:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	1	47	from	compound	229:236	arg1	medium					322:327	the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	289:327	the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	289:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	4	48	theme	carboxylic	700:709	arg1	matrices					778:785	matrices	778:785	matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	778:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	48	theme	carboxylic	700:709	arg1	copolymer					748:756	its copolymer	744:756	its copolymer with polylactide	744:773	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	48	theme	carboxylic	700:709	arg1	derivatives					716:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives	692:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan	692:738	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	7	49	from	films	1297:1301	arg1	release					1193:1199	the complete release	1180:1199	the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films	1180:1301	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	0	50	with	impregnation	9:20	arg1	imidazoles					55:64	biologically active tryaryl imidazoles	27:64	biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide	27:96	Chitosan impregnation with biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide.
27539011	2	51	theme	polycation-exchange	366:384	arg1	resin					386:390	a polycation-exchange resin	364:390	a polycation-exchange resin	364:390	Since initial chitosan represents a polycation-exchange resin and does not swell in supercritical carbon dioxide, the impregnation was carried out in the presence of water (0.15-3.0 vol%).
27539011	7	52	theme	complete	1331:1338	arg1	release					1340:1346	its complete release	1327:1346	its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids	1327:1399	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	4	53	theme	hydrophobic	807:817	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					837:862	hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	807:862	hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	807:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	5	54	theme	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	954:979	arg1	amount					926:931	the greatest amount	913:931	the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	913:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	5	54	theme	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	954:979	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					954:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	5	55	theme	2-2-hydroxyphenyl	936:952	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					954:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	936:979	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	3	56	theme	 g/cm	640:644	arg1	content					655:661	the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content	625:661	the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor	625:676	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	4	57	theme	acid	711:714	arg1	matrices					778:785	matrices	778:785	matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	778:862	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	57	theme	acid	711:714	arg1	copolymer					748:756	its copolymer	744:756	its copolymer with polylactide	744:773	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	4	57	theme	acid	711:714	arg1	derivatives					716:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives	692:726	hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan	692:738	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	0	58	theme	carbon	83:88	arg1	dioxide					90:96	supercritical carbon dioxide	69:96	supercritical carbon dioxide	69:96	Chitosan impregnation with biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide.
27539011	7	59	theme	hydroxy	1376:1382	arg1	acids					1395:1399	hydroxy carboxylic acids	1376:1399	hydroxy carboxylic acids	1376:1399	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	7	60	theme	carboxylic	1384:1393	arg1	acids					1395:1399	hydroxy carboxylic acids	1376:1399	hydroxy carboxylic acids	1376:1399	We found that the complete release of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole into the aqueous phase from unmodified chitosan films occurred in 48 h, while its complete release from chitosan modified with hydroxy carboxylic acids occurred in 5 min or less.
27539011	1	61	theme	chitosan	149:156	arg1	impregnation					133:144	impregnation	133:144	impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	133:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	5	62	theme	unmodified	884:893	arg1	chitosan					895:902	unmodified chitosan	884:902	unmodified chitosan	884:902	We have shown that unmodified chitosan contains the greatest amount of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole, as compared with its hydrophobic derivatives.
27539011	1	63	theme	2-2-hydroxyphenyl	240:256	arg1	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole					258:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	(2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	239:283	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	1	63	theme	2-2-hydroxyphenyl	240:256	arg1	compound					229:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound	183:236	a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium	183:327	The presented paper is focused on impregnation of chitosan and its derivatives with a biologically active triaryl imidazole model compound ((2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole) in the supercritical carbon dioxide medium.
27539011	0	64	theme	supercritical	69:81	arg1	dioxide					90:96	supercritical carbon dioxide	69:96	supercritical carbon dioxide	69:96	Chitosan impregnation with biologically active tryaryl imidazoles in supercritical carbon dioxide.
27539011	4	65	with	derivatives	716:726	arg1	polylactide					763:773	polylactide	763:773	polylactide	763:773	We also used hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives of chitosan and its copolymer with polylactide as matrices for introduction of hydrophobic 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole.
27539011	3	66	theme	2-2-hydroxyphenyl	531:547	arg1	concentration					576:588	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration	519:588	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film	519:607	The maximum 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole concentration in a chitosan film was achieved at the ~5 × 10(-3) g/cm(3) water content in the reactor.
27539011	6	67	theme	-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole	1062:1087	arg1	diffusion					1089:1097	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion	1044:1097	2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix	1044:1120	The kinetics of 2-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4.5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole diffusion from a chitosan matrix was studied in acidified water with pH 1.6.
25105918	2	0	theme	composite	567:575	arg1	beads					577:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	2	1	theme	iron	526:529	arg1	beads					577:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	0	2	from	evaluation	135:144	arg1	proteins					167:174	the corresponding proteins	149:174	the corresponding proteins	149:174	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	3	3	theme	CRL	647:649	arg1	activity					598:605	catalytic activity	588:605	catalytic activity	588:605	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	3	3	theme	CRL	647:649	arg1	activity					620:627	specific activity	611:627	specific activity	611:627	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	8	4	theme	alginate	1736:1743	arg1	beads					1755:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	Finally, the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads could be collected by an external magnet and reused for at least six cycles.
25105918	6	5	theme	immobilized	1363:1373	arg1	lipase					1375:1380	immobilized lipase	1363:1380	immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255)	1363:1412	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	1	6	theme	diverse	224:230	arg1	fields					249:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	2	7	theme	nanoparticles-loaded	537:556	arg1	beads					577:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	7	8	theme	low-pH	1675:1680	arg1	environment					1682:1692	low-pH environment	1675:1692	low-pH environment	1675:1692	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	0	9	theme	corresponding	153:165	arg1	proteins					167:174	the corresponding proteins	149:174	the corresponding proteins	149:174	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	4	10	theme	U/g	816:818	arg1	gel					820:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	10	theme	U/g	816:818	arg1	beads					798:802	magnetic alginate composite beads	770:802	magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	770:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	7	11	theme	effect	1665:1670	arg1	maintenance					1629:1639	the maintenance	1625:1639	the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment	1625:1692	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	6	12	theme	immobilized	1088:1098	arg1	CRL					1100:1102	the immobilized CRL	1084:1102	the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads	1084:1139	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	3	13	theme	alginate	673:680	arg1	beads					692:696	magnetic alginate composite beads	664:696	magnetic alginate composite beads	664:696	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	7	14	theme	enzyme	1648:1653	arg1	effect					1665:1670	the enzyme catalytic effect	1644:1670	the enzyme catalytic effect	1644:1670	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	7	15	theme	magnetic	1529:1536	arg1	beads					1557:1561	the magnetic alginate composite beads	1525:1561	the magnetic alginate composite beads	1525:1561	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	1	16	from	fields	249:254	arg1	applications					208:219	applications	208:219	applications in diverse biotechnological fields	208:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	16	from	fields	249:254	arg1	variety					197:203	a wide variety	190:203	a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields	190:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	6	17	theme	enzyme	1159:1164	arg1	11.81±0.618					1176:1186	11.81±0.618	1176:1186	11.81±0.618	1176:1186	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	17	theme	enzyme	1159:1164	arg1	activity					1166:1173	a lower enzyme activity	1151:1173	a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618)	1151:1187	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	0	18	theme	alginate	106:113	arg1	beads					115:119	magnetic alginate beads	97:119	magnetic alginate beads	97:119	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	5	19	theme	immobilized	1007:1017	arg1	BoCLH1					1019:1024	that immobilized BoCLH1	1002:1024	that immobilized BoCLH1	1002:1024	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	4	20	theme	immobilized	849:859	arg1	BoCLH1					861:866	immobilized BoCLH1	849:866	immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel)	849:905	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	1	21	from	applications	208:219	arg1	fields					249:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	8	22	theme	external	1786:1793	arg1	magnet					1795:1800	an external magnet	1783:1800	an external magnet	1783:1800	Finally, the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads could be collected by an external magnet and reused for at least six cycles.
25105918	1	23	from	variety	197:203	arg1	fields					249:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	3	24	theme	catalytic	588:596	arg1	activity					598:605	catalytic activity	588:605	catalytic activity	588:605	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	6	25	theme	alginate	1116:1123	arg1	beads					1135:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	5	26	theme	specific	925:932	arg1	higher					990:995	higher	990:995	higher	990:995	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	5	26	theme	specific	925:932	arg1	activity					934:941	the specific activity	921:941	the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein)	921:984	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	5	27	theme	8.52±0.758	1045:1054	arg1	U/mg					1056:1059	U/mg	1056:1059	U/mg	1056:1059	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	6	28	theme	alginate	1213:1220	arg1	94.83±7.929					1229:1239	94.83±7.929	1229:1239	94.83±7.929	1229:1239	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	28	theme	alginate	1213:1220	arg1	beads					1222:1226	alginate beads	1213:1226	alginate beads (94.83±7.929)	1213:1240	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	3	29	dep	BoCLH1	636:641	arg1	the					632:634	the	632:634	the	632:634	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	0	30	theme	Candida	66:72	arg1	CRL					89:91	CRL	89:91	CRL	89:91	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	0	30	theme	Candida	66:72	arg1	lipase					81:86	Candida rugosa lipase	66:86	Candida rugosa lipase (CRL)	66:92	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	7	31	theme	beads	1473:1477	arg1	degradation					1430:1440	the degradation	1426:1440	the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3)	1426:1512	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	2	32	theme	Candida	486:492	arg1	CRL					509:511	CRL	509:511	CRL	509:511	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	2	32	theme	Candida	486:492	arg1	lipase					501:506	Candida rugosa lipase	486:506	Candida rugosa lipase (CRL)	486:512	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	0	33	from	Immobilization	0:13	arg1	beads					115:119	magnetic alginate beads	97:119	magnetic alginate beads	97:119	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	0	34	theme	lipase	81:86	arg1	Immobilization					0:13	Immobilization	0:13	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.	0:175	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	7	35	theme	acidic	1580:1585	arg1	solution					1587:1594	acidic solution	1580:1594	acidic solution	1580:1594	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	7	36	theme	alginate	1454:1461	arg1	beads					1473:1477	magnetic alginate composite beads	1445:1477	magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3)	1445:1512	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	6	37	theme	specific	1251:1258	arg1	activity					1260:1267	the specific activity	1247:1267	the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104)	1247:1346	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	37	theme	specific	1251:1258	arg1	lower					1352:1356	lower	1352:1356	lower	1352:1356	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	8	38	theme	enzyme	1708:1713	arg1	beads					1755:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	Finally, the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads could be collected by an external magnet and reused for at least six cycles.
25105918	6	39	from	CRL	1100:1102	arg1	beads					1135:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	8	40	theme	magnetic	1727:1734	arg1	beads					1755:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	Finally, the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads could be collected by an external magnet and reused for at least six cycles.
25105918	6	41	theme	CRL	1284:1286	arg1	activity					1260:1267	the specific activity	1247:1267	the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104)	1247:1346	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	41	theme	CRL	1284:1286	arg1	lower					1352:1356	lower	1352:1356	lower	1352:1356	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	0	42	theme	Brassica	18:25	arg1	oleracea					27:34	Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL)	18:92	oleracea	27:34	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	7	43	theme	degradation	1430:1440	arg1	study					1417:1421	A study	1415:1421	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3)	1415:1512	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	7	44	theme	alginate	1538:1545	arg1	beads					1557:1561	the magnetic alginate composite beads	1525:1561	the magnetic alginate composite beads	1525:1561	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	2	45	theme	Brassica	439:446	arg1	chlorophyllase					457:470	the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1	435:472	the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1)	435:481	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	2	45	theme	Brassica	439:446	arg1	BoCLH1					475:480	BoCLH1	475:480	BoCLH1	475:480	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	4	46	theme	composite	788:796	arg1	gel					820:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	46	theme	composite	788:796	arg1	beads					798:802	magnetic alginate composite beads	770:802	magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	770:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	6	47	theme	alginate	1310:1317	arg1	beads					1329:1333	magnetic alginate composite beads	1301:1333	magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104)	1301:1346	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	47	theme	alginate	1310:1317	arg1	1.99±0.104					1336:1345	1.99±0.104	1336:1345	1.99±0.104	1336:1345	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	1	48	theme	key	299:301	arg1	role					303:306	a key role	297:306	a key role	297:306	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	49	contain	have	185:188	arg1	Enzymes					177:183	Enzymes	177:183	Enzymes	177:183	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	49	contain	have	185:188	arg2	applications					208:219	applications	208:219	applications in diverse biotechnological fields	208:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	49	contain	have	185:188	arg2	variety					197:203	a wide variety	190:203	a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields	190:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	4	50	theme	BoCLH1	760:765	arg1	higher					829:834	higher	829:834	higher	829:834	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	50	theme	BoCLH1	760:765	arg1	activity					736:743	the activity	732:743	the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	732:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	3	51	dep	activity	598:605	arg1	The					584:586	The	584:586	The	584:586	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	4	52	theme	magnetic	770:777	arg1	gel					820:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	52	theme	magnetic	770:777	arg1	beads					798:802	magnetic alginate composite beads	770:802	magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	770:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	6	53	theme	alginate	1385:1392	arg1	beads					1394:1398	alginate beads	1385:1398	alginate beads (15.01±1.255)	1385:1412	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	53	theme	alginate	1385:1392	arg1	15.01±1.255					1401:1411	15.01±1.255	1401:1411	15.01±1.255	1401:1411	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	54	from	lipase	1375:1380	arg1	beads					1394:1398	alginate beads	1385:1398	alginate beads (15.01±1.255)	1385:1412	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	54	from	lipase	1375:1380	arg1	15.01±1.255					1401:1411	15.01±1.255	1401:1411	15.01±1.255	1401:1411	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	3	55	theme	magnetic	664:671	arg1	beads					692:696	magnetic alginate composite beads	664:696	magnetic alginate composite beads	664:696	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	8	56	theme	composite	1745:1753	arg1	beads					1755:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	Finally, the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads could be collected by an external magnet and reused for at least six cycles.
25105918	2	57	theme	alginate	558:565	arg1	beads					577:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	1	58	theme	biotechnological	232:247	arg1	fields					249:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	diverse biotechnological fields	224:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	2	59	theme	oxide	531:535	arg1	beads					577:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	7	60	theme	catalytic	1655:1663	arg1	effect					1665:1670	the enzyme catalytic effect	1644:1670	the enzyme catalytic effect	1644:1670	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	4	61	theme	3.36±0.469	805:814	arg1	gel					820:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	61	theme	3.36±0.469	805:814	arg1	beads					798:802	magnetic alginate composite beads	770:802	magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	770:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	3	62	theme	composite	682:690	arg1	beads					692:696	magnetic alginate composite beads	664:696	magnetic alginate composite beads	664:696	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	0	63	theme	magnetic	97:104	arg1	beads					115:119	magnetic alginate beads	97:119	magnetic alginate beads	97:119	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	4	64	theme	alginate	871:878	arg1	beads					880:884	alginate beads	871:884	alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel)	871:905	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	64	theme	alginate	871:878	arg1	gel					902:904	2.96±0.264 U/g gel	887:904	2.96±0.264 U/g gel	887:904	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	2	65	theme	rugosa	494:499	arg1	CRL					509:511	CRL	509:511	CRL	509:511	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	2	65	theme	rugosa	494:499	arg1	lipase					501:506	Candida rugosa lipase	486:506	Candida rugosa lipase (CRL)	486:512	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	6	66	theme	lower	1153:1157	arg1	11.81±0.618					1176:1186	11.81±0.618	1176:1186	11.81±0.618	1176:1186	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	66	theme	lower	1153:1157	arg1	activity					1166:1173	a lower enzyme activity	1151:1173	a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618)	1151:1187	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	0	67	dep	Immobilization	0:13	arg1	evaluation					135:144	an enzymatic evaluation	122:144	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.	0:175	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	2	68	theme	magnetic	517:524	arg1	beads					577:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads	517:581	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	4	69	from	BoCLH1	861:866	arg1	beads					880:884	alginate beads	871:884	alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel)	871:905	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	69	from	BoCLH1	861:866	arg1	gel					902:904	2.96±0.264 U/g gel	887:904	2.96±0.264 U/g gel	887:904	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	7	70	theme	acidic	1491:1496	arg1	pH					1508:1509	pH 3	1508:1511	pH 3	1508:1511	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	7	70	theme	acidic	1491:1496	arg1	solution					1498:1505	acidic solution	1491:1505	acidic solution (pH 3)	1491:1512	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	6	71	theme	composite	1125:1133	arg1	beads					1135:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	72	theme	magnetic	1301:1308	arg1	beads					1329:1333	magnetic alginate composite beads	1301:1333	magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104)	1301:1346	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	72	theme	magnetic	1301:1308	arg1	1.99±0.104					1336:1345	1.99±0.104	1336:1345	1.99±0.104	1336:1345	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	73	theme	magnetic	1107:1114	arg1	beads					1135:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	magnetic alginate composite beads	1107:1139	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	1	74	theme	wide	192:195	arg1	applications					208:219	applications	208:219	applications in diverse biotechnological fields	208:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	74	theme	wide	192:195	arg1	variety					197:203	a wide variety	190:203	a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields	190:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	0	75	theme	rugosa	74:79	arg1	CRL					89:91	CRL	89:91	CRL	89:91	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	0	75	theme	rugosa	74:79	arg1	lipase					81:86	Candida rugosa lipase	66:86	Candida rugosa lipase (CRL)	66:92	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	7	76	theme	composite	1463:1471	arg1	beads					1473:1477	magnetic alginate composite beads	1445:1477	magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3)	1445:1512	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	2	77	theme	oleracea	448:455	arg1	chlorophyllase					457:470	the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1	435:472	the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1)	435:481	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	2	77	theme	oleracea	448:455	arg1	BoCLH1					475:480	BoCLH1	475:480	BoCLH1	475:480	In this study, we immobilized the Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) or Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded alginate composite beads.
25105918	6	78	theme	immobilized	1272:1282	arg1	CRL					1284:1286	immobilized CRL	1272:1286	immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104)	1272:1346	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	1	79	theme	academic	311:318	arg1	research					320:327	academic research	311:327	academic research	311:327	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	4	80	from	activity	736:743	arg1	gel					820:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	80	from	activity	736:743	arg1	beads					798:802	magnetic alginate composite beads	770:802	magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	770:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	0	81	theme	enzymatic	125:133	arg1	evaluation					135:144	an enzymatic evaluation	122:144	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.	0:175	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	7	82	theme	magnetic	1445:1452	arg1	beads					1473:1477	magnetic alginate composite beads	1445:1477	magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3)	1445:1512	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	4	83	theme	U/g	898:900	arg1	beads					880:884	alginate beads	871:884	alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel)	871:905	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	83	theme	U/g	898:900	arg1	gel					902:904	2.96±0.264 U/g gel	887:904	2.96±0.264 U/g gel	887:904	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	5	84	theme	alginate	1029:1036	arg1	beads					1038:1042	alginate beads	1029:1042	alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein)	1029:1068	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	5	84	theme	alginate	1029:1036	arg1	protein					1061:1067	8.52±0.758 U/mg protein	1045:1067	8.52±0.758 U/mg protein	1045:1067	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	1	85	theme	due	350:352	arg1	research					320:327	academic research	311:327	academic research	311:327	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	0	86	theme	oleracea	27:34	arg1	Immobilization					0:13	Immobilization	0:13	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.	0:175	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	8	87	theme	immobilized	1715:1725	arg1	beads					1755:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads	1704:1759	Finally, the enzyme immobilized magnetic alginate composite beads could be collected by an external magnet and reused for at least six cycles.
25105918	3	88	theme	specific	611:618	arg1	activity					620:627	specific activity	611:627	specific activity	611:627	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	5	89	theme	beads	953:957	arg1	higher					990:995	higher	990:995	higher	990:995	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	5	89	theme	beads	953:957	arg1	activity					934:941	the specific activity	921:941	the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein)	921:984	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	7	90	theme	composite	1547:1555	arg1	beads					1557:1561	the magnetic alginate composite beads	1525:1561	the magnetic alginate composite beads	1525:1561	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	4	91	theme	alginate	779:786	arg1	gel					820:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	3.36±0.469 U/g gel	805:822	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	4	91	theme	alginate	779:786	arg1	beads					798:802	magnetic alginate composite beads	770:802	magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel)	770:823	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	6	92	theme	composite	1319:1327	arg1	beads					1329:1333	magnetic alginate composite beads	1301:1333	magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104)	1301:1346	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	6	92	theme	composite	1319:1327	arg1	1.99±0.104					1336:1345	1.99±0.104	1336:1345	1.99±0.104	1336:1345	In contrast, the immobilized CRL in magnetic alginate composite beads exhibited a lower enzyme activity (11.81±0.618) than CRL immobilized in alginate beads (94.83±7.929), and the specific activity of immobilized CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads (1.99±0.104) was lower than immobilized lipase in alginate beads (15.01±1.255).
25105918	1	93	theme	enzymes	283:289	arg1	immobilization					265:278	the immobilization	261:278	the immobilization of enzymes	261:289	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	5	94	theme	10.90±1.521	960:970	arg1	U/mg					972:975	U/mg	972:975	U/mg	972:975	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	7	95	from	maintenance	1629:1639	arg1	environment					1682:1692	low-pH environment	1675:1692	low-pH environment	1675:1692	A study of the degradation of magnetic alginate composite beads immersed in acidic solution (pH 3) shows that the magnetic alginate composite beads remain intact in acidic solution for at least 6 h, indicating the maintenance of the enzyme catalytic effect in low-pH environment.
25105918	3	96	theme	BoCLH1	636:641	arg1	activity					598:605	catalytic activity	588:605	catalytic activity	588:605	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	3	96	theme	BoCLH1	636:641	arg1	activity					620:627	specific activity	611:627	specific activity	611:627	The catalytic activity and specific activity of the BoCLH1 and CRL entrapped in magnetic alginate composite beads were evaluated.
25105918	5	97	theme	BoCLH1	946:951	arg1	protein					977:983	10.90±1.521 U/mg protein	960:983	10.90±1.521 U/mg protein	960:983	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	5	97	theme	BoCLH1	946:951	arg1	beads					953:957	BoCLH1 beads	946:957	BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein)	946:984	In addition, the specific activity of BoCLH1 beads (10.90±1.521 U/mg protein) was higher than that immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (8.52±0.758 U/mg protein).
25105918	0	98	dep	oleracea	27:34	arg1	chlorophyllase					36:49	chlorophyllase 1	36:51	chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1)	36:60	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	0	98	dep	oleracea	27:34	arg1	BoCLH1					54:59	BoCLH1	54:59	BoCLH1	54:59	Immobilization of Brassica oleracea chlorophyllase 1 (BoCLH1) and Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) in magnetic alginate beads: an enzymatic evaluation in the corresponding proteins.
25105918	1	99	dep	stabilization	361:373	arg1	confers					396:402	confers	396:402	confers	396:402	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	99	dep	stabilization	361:373	arg1	the					357:359	the	357:359	the	357:359	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	4	100	theme	immobilized	748:758	arg1	BoCLH1					760:765	immobilized BoCLH1	748:765	immobilized BoCLH1	748:765	Results show that the activity of immobilized BoCLH1 in magnetic alginate composite beads (3.36±0.469 U/g gel) was higher than that of immobilized BoCLH1 in alginate beads (2.96±0.264 U/g gel).
25105918	1	101	theme	applications	208:219	arg1	applications					208:219	applications	208:219	applications in diverse biotechnological fields	208:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
25105918	1	101	theme	applications	208:219	arg1	variety					197:203	a wide variety	190:203	a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields	190:254	Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in diverse biotechnological fields, and the immobilization of enzymes plays a key role in academic research or industrialization due to the stabilization and recyclability it confers.
26154827	7	0	theme	hematoxyline	1234:1245	arg1	staining					1262:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	11	1	theme	hiPSCs	1892:1897	arg1	composities					1917:1927	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities	1892:1927	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities	1892:1927	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo.
26154827	2	2	theme	engineering	317:327	arg1	scaffolds					329:337	bone tissue engineering scaffolds	305:337	bone tissue engineering scaffolds	305:337	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	13	3	theme	gingival	2201:2208	arg1	tissues					2210:2216	clinically discarded gingival tissues	2180:2216	clinically discarded gingival tissues	2180:2216	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	6	4	theme	cell/scaffold	1156:1168	arg1	complexes					1170:1178	cell/scaffold complexes	1156:1178	cell/scaffold complexes	1156:1178	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	2	5	theme	bone	305:308	arg1	scaffolds					329:337	bone tissue engineering scaffolds	305:337	bone tissue engineering scaffolds	305:337	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	7	6	theme	sphere-nHA/CG	1447:1459	arg1	scaffolds					1461:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	2	7	theme	bone	548:551	arg1	engineering					560:570	bone tissue engineering	548:570	bone tissue engineering	548:570	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	13	8	theme	bone	2141:2144	arg1	approach					2165:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach	2118:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2118:2244	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	1	9	theme	human	241:245	arg1	scaffolds					280:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	4	10	theme	nHA	914:916	arg1	particles					918:926	nHA particles	914:926	nHA particles	914:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	13	11	theme	engineering	2153:2163	arg1	approach					2165:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach	2118:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2118:2244	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	3	12	theme	different	608:616	arg1	morphologies					635:646	different HA nano-particle morphologies	608:646	different HA nano-particle morphologies	608:646	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	4	13	from	differentiation	817:831	arg1	hGFs					848:851	hGFs	848:851	hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	848:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	7	14	from	morphology	1382:1391	arg1	scaffolds					1461:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	13	15	theme	potential	2120:2128	arg1	approach					2165:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach	2118:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2118:2244	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	16	from	proliferation	1394:1406	arg1	scaffolds					1461:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	9	17	theme	bone	1732:1735	arg1	ability					1750:1756	new bone regeneration ability	1728:1756	new bone regeneration ability	1728:1756	HE, Masson's, and immunohistochemistry staining were applied to detect new bone regeneration ability.
26154827	7	18	theme	chain	1329:1333	arg1	reaction					1335:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1295:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	11	19	theme	large	1939:1943	arg1	bone					1945:1948	large bone	1939:1948	large bone	1939:1948	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo.
26154827	0	20	theme	osteogenic	98:107	arg1	differentiation					109:123	osteogenic differentiation	98:123	osteogenic differentiation	98:123	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	3	21	theme	nano-particle	621:633	arg1	morphologies					635:646	different HA nano-particle morphologies	608:646	different HA nano-particle morphologies	608:646	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	4	22	dep	shapes	887:892	arg1	rod					895:897	rod	895:897	rod	895:897	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	22	dep	shapes	887:892	arg1	shapes					887:892	2 shapes	885:892	2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	885:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	22	dep	shapes	887:892	arg1	sphere					903:908	sphere	903:908	sphere	903:908	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	7	23	theme	Scanning	1204:1211	arg1	microscope					1222:1231	Scanning electron microscope	1204:1231	Scanning electron microscope	1204:1231	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	23	theme	Scanning	1204:1211	arg1	HE					1258:1259	HE	1258:1259	HE	1258:1259	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	0	24	theme	induced	134:140	arg1	cells					159:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells	128:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts	128:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	2	25	theme	promising	522:530	arg1	cells					452:456	stem cells	447:456	stem cells	447:456	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	25	theme	promising	522:530	arg1	source					537:542	a promising cell source	520:542	a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering	520:570	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	0	26	from	proliferation	80:92	arg1	fibroblasts					179:189	gingival fibroblasts	170:189	gingival fibroblasts	170:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	4	27	theme	study	777:781	arg1	purpose					761:767	The purpose	757:767	The purpose of this study	757:781	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	28	with	scaffolds	870:878	arg1	rod					895:897	rod	895:897	rod	895:897	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	28	with	scaffolds	870:878	arg1	shapes					887:892	2 shapes	885:892	2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	885:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	28	with	scaffolds	870:878	arg1	sphere					903:908	sphere	903:908	sphere	903:908	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	2	29	theme	seeding	432:438	arg1	cells					440:444	seeding cells	432:444	seeding cells	432:444	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	0	30	theme	stem	154:157	arg1	cells					159:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells	128:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts	128:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	4	31	from	hGFs	848:851	arg1	differentiation					817:831	the osteogenic differentiation	802:831	the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	802:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	31	from	hGFs	848:851	arg1	hiPSCs					836:841	hiPSCs	836:841	hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	836:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	5	32	theme	discarded	957:965	arg1	tissues					983:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	Firstly, hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues were reprogrammed into hiPSCs.
26154827	6	33	theme	rod-like	1054:1061	arg1	rod-nHA/CG					1071:1080	rod-nHA/CG	1071:1080	rod-nHA/CG	1071:1080	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	6	33	theme	rod-like	1054:1061	arg1	nHA/CG					1063:1068	rod-like nHA/CG	1054:1068	rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG)	1054:1081	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	2	34	theme	pluripotent	478:488	arg1	cells					495:499	induced pluripotent stem cells	470:499	especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)	459:507	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	34	theme	pluripotent	478:488	arg1	cells					452:456	stem cells	447:456	stem cells	447:456	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	34	theme	pluripotent	478:488	arg1	iPSCs					502:506	iPSCs	502:506	iPSCs	502:506	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	0	35	theme	Sphere-shaped	0:12	arg1	scaffolds					61:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	7	36	theme	quantitative	1295:1306	arg1	reaction					1335:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1295:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	10	37	theme	hGF	1833:1835	arg1	proliferation					1837:1849	hGF proliferation	1833:1849	hGF proliferation	1833:1849	The results showed that sphere-nHA/CG significantly increased hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro.
26154827	3	38	from	influence	595:603	arg1	differentiation					666:680	the osteogenic differentiation	651:680	the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	651:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	0	39	theme	3D	51:52	arg1	scaffolds					61:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	11	40	dep	generated	1929:1937	arg1	whereas					1951:1957	whereas	1951:1957	whereas	1951:1957	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo.
26154827	8	41	theme	implantation	1566:1577	arg1	model					1579:1583	a subcutaneous implantation model	1551:1583	a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks	1551:1596	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	3	42	theme	osteogenic	655:664	arg1	differentiation					666:680	the osteogenic differentiation	651:680	the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	651:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	4	43	theme	hiPSCs	836:841	arg1	differentiation					817:831	the osteogenic differentiation	802:831	the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	802:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	2	44	theme	nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin	379:402	arg1	scaffolds					413:421	nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds	379:421	nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds	379:421	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	8	45	theme	blank	1642:1646	arg1	scaffolds					1604:1612	pure scaffolds	1599:1612	pure scaffolds	1599:1612	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	8	45	theme	blank	1642:1646	arg1	control					1648:1654	a blank control	1640:1654	a blank control	1640:1654	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	1	46	theme	bone	256:259	arg1	scaffolds					280:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	5	47	theme	gingival	974:981	arg1	tissues					983:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	Firstly, hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues were reprogrammed into hiPSCs.
26154827	6	48	theme	sphere-shaped	1087:1099	arg1	nHA/CG					1101:1106	sphere-shaped nHA/CG	1087:1106	sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG)	1087:1122	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	6	48	theme	sphere-shaped	1087:1099	arg1	sphere-nHA/CG					1109:1121	sphere-nHA/CG	1109:1121	sphere-nHA/CG	1109:1121	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	0	49	from	fibroblasts	179:189	arg1	proliferation					80:92	proliferation	80:92	proliferation	80:92	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	0	49	from	fibroblasts	179:189	arg1	differentiation					109:123	osteogenic differentiation	98:123	osteogenic differentiation	98:123	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	0	49	from	fibroblasts	179:189	arg1	cells					159:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells	128:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts	128:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	3	50	theme	iPSCs	691:695	arg1	differentiation					666:680	the osteogenic differentiation	651:680	the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	651:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	1	51	theme	engineering	268:278	arg1	scaffolds					280:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	3	52	theme	gingival	717:724	arg1	hGFs					739:742	hGFs	739:742	hGFs	739:742	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	3	52	theme	gingival	717:724	arg1	fibroblasts					726:736	human gingival fibroblasts	711:736	human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	711:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	2	53	theme	nHA/CG	405:410	arg1	scaffolds					413:421	nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds	379:421	nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds	379:421	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	4	54	theme	nHA/CG	863:868	arg1	scaffolds					870:878	nHA/CG scaffolds	863:878	nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	863:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	10	55	theme	osteogenic	1855:1864	arg1	differentiation					1866:1880	osteogenic differentiation	1855:1880	osteogenic differentiation	1855:1880	The results showed that sphere-nHA/CG significantly increased hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro.
26154827	2	56	theme	scaffolds	329:337	arg1	plethora					293:300	A plethora	291:300	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds	291:337	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	13	57	theme	discarded	2191:2199	arg1	tissues					2210:2216	clinically discarded gingival tissues	2180:2216	clinically discarded gingival tissues	2180:2216	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	58	theme	rod-nHA/CG	1432:1441	arg1	scaffolds					1461:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	2	59	theme	tissue	310:315	arg1	scaffolds					329:337	bone tissue engineering scaffolds	305:337	bone tissue engineering scaffolds	305:337	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	12	60	theme	pure	2031:2034	arg1	scaffolds					2036:2044	pure scaffolds	2031:2044	pure scaffolds without cells	2031:2058	Moreover, pure scaffolds without cells almost produced no bone.
26154827	3	61	from	fibroblasts	726:736	arg1	differentiation					666:680	the osteogenic differentiation	651:680	the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	651:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	7	62	theme	electron	1213:1220	arg1	microscope					1222:1231	Scanning electron microscope	1204:1231	Scanning electron microscope	1204:1231	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	62	theme	electron	1213:1220	arg1	HE					1258:1259	HE	1258:1259	HE	1258:1259	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	1	63	theme	important	218:226	arg1	component					228:236	an important component	215:236	an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	215:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	1	63	theme	important	218:226	arg1	Hydroxyapatite					192:205	Hydroxyapatite	192:205	Hydroxyapatite (HA)	192:210	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	5	64	attach	isolated	943:950	arg1	tissues					983:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	Firstly, hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues were reprogrammed into hiPSCs.
26154827	5	64	attach	isolated	943:950	arg2	hGFs					938:941	hGFs	938:941	hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues	938:989	Firstly, hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues were reprogrammed into hiPSCs.
26154827	0	65	theme	gingival	170:177	arg1	fibroblasts					179:189	gingival fibroblasts	170:189	gingival fibroblasts	170:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	2	66	theme	tissue	553:558	arg1	engineering					560:570	bone tissue engineering	548:570	bone tissue engineering	548:570	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	13	67	theme	tissue	2146:2151	arg1	approach					2165:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach	2118:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2118:2244	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	1	68	theme	bone	247:250	arg1	scaffolds					280:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	0	69	from	differentiation	109:123	arg1	fibroblasts					179:189	gingival fibroblasts	170:189	gingival fibroblasts	170:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	7	70	theme	hiPSC	1376:1380	arg1	morphology					1382:1391	hiPSC morphology	1376:1391	hiPSC morphology	1376:1391	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	71	used	used	1360:1363	arg2	staining					1262:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	71	used	used	1360:1363	arg2	staining					1281:1288	Masson's staining	1272:1288	Masson's staining	1272:1288	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	71	used	used	1360:1363	arg2	techniques					1344:1353	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	3	72	theme	morphologies	635:646	arg1	influence					595:603	the influence	591:603	the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	591:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	3	72	theme	morphologies	635:646	arg1	unknown					748:754	unknown	748:754	unknown	748:754	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	9	73	theme	new	1728:1730	arg1	ability					1750:1756	new bone regeneration ability	1728:1756	new bone regeneration ability	1728:1756	HE, Masson's, and immunohistochemistry staining were applied to detect new bone regeneration ability.
26154827	7	74	theme	microscope	1222:1231	arg1	staining					1262:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	13	75	theme	innovative	2130:2139	arg1	approach					2165:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach	2118:2172	a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2118:2244	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	3	76	theme	HA	618:619	arg1	morphologies					635:646	different HA nano-particle morphologies	608:646	different HA nano-particle morphologies	608:646	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	9	77	theme	regeneration	1737:1748	arg1	ability					1750:1756	new bone regeneration ability	1728:1756	new bone regeneration ability	1728:1756	HE, Masson's, and immunohistochemistry staining were applied to detect new bone regeneration ability.
26154827	7	78	theme	reaction	1335:1342	arg1	techniques					1344:1353	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	4	79	theme	particles	918:926	arg1	rod					895:897	rod	895:897	rod	895:897	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	79	theme	particles	918:926	arg1	shapes					887:892	2 shapes	885:892	2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	885:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	4	79	theme	particles	918:926	arg1	sphere					903:908	sphere	903:908	sphere	903:908	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	0	80	theme	human	128:132	arg1	cells					159:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells	128:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts	128:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	7	81	from	differentiation	1413:1427	arg1	scaffolds					1461:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	1432:1469	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	9	82	theme	immunohistochemistry	1675:1694	arg1	staining					1696:1703	immunohistochemistry staining	1675:1703	immunohistochemistry staining	1675:1703	HE, Masson's, and immunohistochemistry staining were applied to detect new bone regeneration ability.
26154827	13	83	theme	sphere-nHA/CG	2222:2234	arg1	scaffolds					2236:2244	sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2222:2244	sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds	2222:2244	In conclusion, our work provided a potential innovative bone tissue engineering approach using clinically discarded gingival tissues and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	0	84	theme	pluripotent	142:152	arg1	cells					159:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells	128:163	human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts	128:189	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	2	85	theme	cell	532:535	arg1	cells					452:456	stem cells	447:456	stem cells	447:456	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	85	theme	cell	532:535	arg1	source					537:542	a promising cell source	520:542	a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering	520:570	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	0	86	theme	cells	159:163	arg1	proliferation					80:92	proliferation	80:92	proliferation	80:92	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	0	86	theme	cells	159:163	arg1	differentiation					109:123	osteogenic differentiation	98:123	osteogenic differentiation	98:123	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	7	87	theme	real-time	1308:1316	arg1	reaction					1335:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1295:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	0	88	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin	14:49	arg1	scaffolds					61:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	8	89	theme	nHA/CG	1515:1520	arg1	kinds					1506:1510	2 kinds	1504:1510	2 kinds of nHA/CG	1504:1520	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	2	90	theme	induced	470:476	arg1	cells					495:499	induced pluripotent stem cells	470:499	especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)	459:507	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	90	theme	induced	470:476	arg1	cells					452:456	stem cells	447:456	stem cells	447:456	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	90	theme	induced	470:476	arg1	iPSCs					502:506	iPSCs	502:506	iPSCs	502:506	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	0	91	theme	porous	54:59	arg1	scaffolds					61:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds	0:69	Sphere-shaped nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin 3D porous scaffolds increase proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from gingival fibroblasts.
26154827	8	92	theme	subcutaneous	1553:1564	arg1	model					1579:1583	a subcutaneous implantation model	1551:1583	a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks	1551:1596	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	2	93	theme	stem	447:450	arg1	cells					495:499	induced pluripotent stem cells	470:499	especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)	459:507	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	93	theme	stem	447:450	arg1	source					537:542	a promising cell source	520:542	a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering	520:570	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	93	theme	stem	447:450	arg1	cells					452:456	stem cells	447:456	stem cells	447:456	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	10	94	from	proliferation	1837:1849	arg1	hiPSCs					1821:1826	hiPSCs	1821:1826	hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation	1821:1880	The results showed that sphere-nHA/CG significantly increased hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro.
26154827	6	95	theme	nHA/CG	1063:1068	arg1	scaffolds					1124:1132	rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds	1054:1132	rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds	1054:1132	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	4	96	theme	osteogenic	806:815	arg1	differentiation					817:831	the osteogenic differentiation	802:831	the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles	802:926	The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs seeded on nHA/CG scaffolds with 2 shapes (rod and sphere) of nHA particles.
26154827	2	97	theme	stem	490:493	arg1	cells					495:499	induced pluripotent stem cells	470:499	especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)	459:507	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	97	theme	stem	490:493	arg1	cells					452:456	stem cells	447:456	stem cells	447:456	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	2	97	theme	stem	490:493	arg1	iPSCs					502:506	iPSCs	502:506	iPSCs	502:506	A plethora of bone tissue engineering scaffolds have been synthesized so far, including nano-HA/chitosan/gelatin (nHA/CG) scaffolds; and for seeding cells, stem cells, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been a promising cell source for bone tissue engineering recently.
26154827	5	98	theme	normal	967:972	arg1	tissues					983:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	discarded normal gingival tissues	957:989	Firstly, hGFs isolated from discarded normal gingival tissues were reprogrammed into hiPSCs.
26154827	11	99	theme	tiny	2002:2005	arg1	bone					2007:2010	tiny bone	2002:2010	tiny bone	2002:2010	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo.
26154827	6	100	theme	nHA/CG	1101:1106	arg1	scaffolds					1124:1132	rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds	1054:1132	rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds	1054:1132	Secondly, hiPSCs were seeded on rod-like nHA/CG (rod-nHA/CG) and sphere-shaped nHA/CG (sphere-nHA/CG) scaffolds respectively and then cell/scaffold complexes were cultured in vitro.
26154827	8	101	theme	pure	1599:1602	arg1	scaffolds					1604:1612	pure scaffolds	1599:1612	pure scaffolds	1599:1612	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	8	101	theme	pure	1599:1602	arg1	control					1648:1654	a blank control	1640:1654	a blank control	1640:1654	Finally, hiPSCs composited with 2 kinds of nHA/CG were transplanted in vivo in a subcutaneous implantation model for 12 weeks; pure scaffolds were also transplanted as a blank control.
26154827	3	102	theme	human	685:689	arg1	iPSCs					691:695	human iPSCs	685:695	human iPSCs (hiPSCs)	685:704	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	3	102	theme	human	685:689	arg1	hiPSCs					698:703	hiPSCs	698:703	hiPSCs	698:703	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	1	103	theme	tissue	261:266	arg1	scaffolds					280:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	241:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	10	104	from	differentiation	1866:1880	arg1	hiPSCs					1821:1826	hiPSCs	1821:1826	hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation	1821:1880	The results showed that sphere-nHA/CG significantly increased hiPSCs from hGF proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro.
26154827	11	105	dep	hiPSCs	1959:1964	arg1	composities					1981:1991	composities	1981:1991	composities	1981:1991	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo.
26154827	7	106	theme	eosin	1251:1255	arg1	staining					1262:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining	1204:1269	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	7	107	theme	polymerase	1318:1327	arg1	reaction					1335:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1295:1342	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques	1295:1353	Scanning electron microscope, hematoxyline and eosin (HE) staining, Masson's staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to examine hiPSC morphology, proliferation, and differentiation on rod-nHA/CG and sphere-nHA/CG scaffolds.
26154827	3	108	theme	human	711:715	arg1	hGFs					739:742	hGFs	739:742	hGFs	739:742	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	3	108	theme	human	711:715	arg1	fibroblasts					726:736	human gingival fibroblasts	711:736	human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs)	711:743	However, the influence of different HA nano-particle morphologies on the osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown.
26154827	11	109	theme	sphere-nHA/CG	1903:1915	arg1	composities					1917:1927	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities	1892:1927	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities	1892:1927	hiPSCs and sphere-nHA/CG composities generated large bone, whereas hiPSCs and rod-nHA/CG composities produced tiny bone in vivo.
26154827	1	110	theme	scaffolds	280:288	arg1	component					228:236	an important component	215:236	an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds	215:288	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
26154827	1	110	theme	scaffolds	280:288	arg1	Hydroxyapatite					192:205	Hydroxyapatite	192:205	Hydroxyapatite (HA)	192:210	Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important component of human bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
24424095	8	0	theme	expansion	1301:1309	arg1	control					1285:1291	temporal and spatial control	1264:1291	temporal and spatial control of cell expansion	1264:1309	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	4	1	theme	wall	646:649	arg1	composition					651:661	wall composition	646:661	wall composition	646:661	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	2	2	theme	expansion	306:314	arg1	process					290:296	the complex process	278:296	the complex process of cell expansion	278:314	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	4	3	theme	inactivation	513:524	arg1	effect					492:497	the effect	488:497	the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls	488:583	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	8	4	theme	side	1181:1184	arg1	chains					1186:1191	xyloglucan side chains	1170:1191	xyloglucan side chains	1170:1191	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	7	5	theme	hypocotyl	1097:1105	arg1	lengthening					1107:1117	dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening	1086:1117	dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1086:1145	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	2	6	theme	cell	301:304	arg1	expansion					306:314	cell expansion	301:314	cell expansion	301:314	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	4	7	theme	functional	502:511	arg1	inactivation					513:524	functional inactivation	502:524	functional inactivation of ABP1	502:532	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	7	8	theme	nonfucosylated	1051:1064	arg1	xyloglucan					1066:1075	nonfucosylated xyloglucan	1051:1075	nonfucosylated xyloglucan	1051:1075	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	8	9	dep	In	1148:1149	arg1	muro					1151:1154	muro	1151:1154	muro	1151:1154	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	4	10	theme	ABP1	529:532	arg1	inactivation					513:524	functional inactivation	502:524	functional inactivation of ABP1	502:532	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	0	11	theme	cell	72:75	arg1	expansion					77:85	cell expansion	72:85	cell expansion	72:85	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 links cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and cell expansion in arabidopsis.
24424095	4	12	theme	dark-grown	563:572	arg1	hypocotyls					574:583	dark-grown hypocotyls	563:583	dark-grown hypocotyls	563:583	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	2	13	theme	cell	248:251	arg1	wall					253:256	the primary plant cell wall	230:256	the primary plant cell wall	230:256	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	4	14	dep	cell	641:644	arg1	composition					651:661	wall composition	646:661	wall composition	646:661	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	0	15	theme	AUXIN	0:4	arg1	PROTEIN1					14:21	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	0:21	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	0:21	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 links cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and cell expansion in arabidopsis.
24424095	8	16	theme	spatial	1277:1283	arg1	control					1285:1291	temporal and spatial control	1264:1291	temporal and spatial control of cell expansion	1264:1309	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	5	17	theme	wall-related	782:793	arg1	genes					795:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	17	theme	wall-related	782:793	arg1	genes					834:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	1	18	from	increase	124:131	arg1	size					141:144	cell size	136:144	cell size	136:144	Cell expansion is an increase in cell size and thus plays an essential role in plant growth and development.
24424095	2	19	theme	plant	242:246	arg1	wall					253:256	the primary plant cell wall	230:256	the primary plant cell wall	230:256	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	4	20	theme	gene	622:625	arg1	expression					627:636	gene expression	622:636	gene expression	622:636	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	3	21	theme	BINDING	384:390	arg1	ABP1					402:405	ABP1	402:405	ABP1	402:405	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	3	21	theme	BINDING	384:390	arg1	PROTEIN1					392:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	359:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1)	359:406	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	5	22	theme	genetic	697:703	arg1	evidence					705:712	Molecular and genetic evidence	683:712	Molecular and genetic evidence	683:712	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	6	23	theme	hemicellulose	928:940	arg1	structure					953:961	hemicellulose xyloglucan structure	928:961	hemicellulose xyloglucan structure	928:961	ABP1 also functions in the modulation of hemicellulose xyloglucan structure.
24424095	2	24	theme	primary	234:240	arg1	wall					253:256	the primary plant cell wall	230:256	the primary plant cell wall	230:256	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	4	25	from	consequences	606:617	arg1	cell					641:644	cell wall composition and cell expansion	641:680	cell	641:644	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	4	25	from	consequences	606:617	arg1	expansion					672:680	cell expansion	667:680	cell expansion	667:680	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	5	26	theme	cell	813:816	arg1	genes					795:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	26	theme	cell	813:816	arg1	genes					834:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	0	27	theme	BINDING	6:12	arg1	PROTEIN1					14:21	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	0:21	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	0:21	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 links cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and cell expansion in arabidopsis.
24424095	7	28	theme	biosynthesis	1035:1046	arg1	defucosylation					997:1010	fucosidase-mediated defucosylation	977:1010	fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan,	977:1076	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	3	29	theme	receptor	369:376	arg1	ABP1					402:405	ABP1	402:405	ABP1	402:405	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	3	29	theme	receptor	369:376	arg1	PROTEIN1					392:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	359:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1)	359:406	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	3	30	theme	cell	335:338	arg1	expansion					340:348	cell expansion	335:348	cell expansion	335:348	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	7	31	theme	knockdown	1127:1135	arg1	seedlings					1137:1145	ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1122:1145	ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1122:1145	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	7	32	theme	ABP1	1122:1125	arg1	seedlings					1137:1145	ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1122:1145	ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1122:1145	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	5	33	theme	broad	762:766	arg1	range					768:772	a broad range	760:772	a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes	760:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	3	34	theme	AUXIN	378:382	arg1	ABP1					402:405	ABP1	402:405	ABP1	402:405	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	3	34	theme	AUXIN	378:382	arg1	PROTEIN1					392:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	359:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1)	359:406	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	3	35	theme	shoot	320:324	arg1	tissues					326:332	shoot tissues	320:332	shoot tissues	320:332	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	4	36	from	effect	492:497	arg1	changes					552:558	transcriptomic changes	537:558	transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls	537:583	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	7	37	theme	dark-grown	1086:1095	arg1	lengthening					1107:1117	dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening	1086:1117	dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1086:1145	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	2	38	theme	major	263:267	arg1	roles					269:273	major roles	263:273	major roles	263:273	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	5	39	theme	cell	777:780	arg1	genes					795:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	39	theme	cell	777:780	arg1	genes					834:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	40	theme	-dependent	867:876	arg1	pathway					878:884	an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway	852:884	an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway	852:884	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	4	41	theme	transcriptomic	537:550	arg1	changes					552:558	transcriptomic changes	537:558	transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls	537:583	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	1	42	theme	cell	136:139	arg1	size					141:144	cell size	136:144	cell size	136:144	Cell expansion is an increase in cell size and thus plays an essential role in plant growth and development.
24424095	1	43	theme	essential	164:172	arg1	role					174:177	an essential role	161:177	an essential role	161:177	Cell expansion is an increase in cell size and thus plays an essential role in plant growth and development.
24424095	0	44	theme	wall	34:37	arg1	remodeling					39:48	cell wall remodeling	29:48	cell wall remodeling	29:48	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 links cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and cell expansion in arabidopsis.
24424095	7	45	gly	defucosylation	997:1010	arg1	biosynthesis					1035:1046	biosynthesis	1035:1046	biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan	1035:1075	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	7	45	gly	defucosylation	997:1010	arg1	xyloglucan					1015:1024	xyloglucan	1015:1024	xyloglucan	1015:1024	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	7	46	theme	xyloglucan	1015:1024	arg1	defucosylation					997:1010	fucosidase-mediated defucosylation	977:1010	fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan,	977:1076	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	5	47	theme	remodeling	823:832	arg1	genes					795:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	47	theme	remodeling	823:832	arg1	genes					834:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	48	theme	genes	795:799	arg1	range					768:772	a broad range	760:772	a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes	760:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	0	49	theme	cell	29:32	arg1	remodeling					39:48	cell wall remodeling	29:48	cell wall remodeling	29:48	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 links cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and cell expansion in arabidopsis.
24424095	3	50	theme	auxin	363:367	arg1	ABP1					402:405	ABP1	402:405	ABP1	402:405	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	3	50	theme	auxin	363:367	arg1	PROTEIN1					392:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1	359:399	the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1)	359:406	In shoot tissues, cell expansion requires the auxin receptor AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), but the mechanism by which ABP1 affects expansion remains unknown.
24424095	5	51	theme	range	768:772	arg1	expression					746:755	the expression	742:755	the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes	742:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	8	52	theme	In	1148:1149	arg1	remodeling					1156:1165	In muro remodeling	1148:1165	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway	1148:1221	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	8	53	theme	ABP1-dependent	1200:1213	arg1	pathway					1215:1221	an ABP1-dependent pathway	1197:1221	an ABP1-dependent pathway	1197:1221	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	5	54	theme	wall	818:821	arg1	genes					795:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	cell wall-related genes	777:799	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	5	54	theme	wall	818:821	arg1	genes					834:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	cell wall remodeling genes	813:838	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
24424095	8	55	theme	chains	1186:1191	arg1	remodeling					1156:1165	In muro remodeling	1148:1165	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway	1148:1221	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	4	56	from	changes	552:558	arg1	hypocotyls					574:583	dark-grown hypocotyls	563:583	dark-grown hypocotyls	563:583	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	7	57	theme	xyloglucan	1066:1075	arg1	biosynthesis					1035:1046	biosynthesis	1035:1046	biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan	1035:1075	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	1	58	theme	Cell	103:106	arg1	expansion					108:116	Cell expansion	103:116	Cell expansion	103:116	Cell expansion is an increase in cell size and thus plays an essential role in plant growth and development.
24424095	1	58	theme	Cell	103:106	arg1	increase					124:131	an increase	121:131	an increase in cell size	121:144	Cell expansion is an increase in cell size and thus plays an essential role in plant growth and development.
24424095	7	59	theme	seedlings	1137:1145	arg1	lengthening					1107:1117	dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening	1086:1117	dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings	1086:1145	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	2	60	theme	complex	282:288	arg1	process					290:296	the complex process	278:296	the complex process of cell expansion	278:314	Phytohormones and the primary plant cell wall play major roles in the complex process of cell expansion.
24424095	8	61	theme	xyloglucan	1170:1179	arg1	chains					1186:1191	xyloglucan side chains	1170:1191	xyloglucan side chains	1170:1191	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	1	62	theme	plant	182:186	arg1	growth					188:193	plant growth	182:193	plant growth	182:193	Cell expansion is an increase in cell size and thus plays an essential role in plant growth and development.
24424095	7	63	theme	fucosidase-mediated	977:995	arg1	defucosylation					997:1010	fucosidase-mediated defucosylation	977:1010	fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan,	977:1076	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	4	64	theme	cell	667:670	arg1	expansion					672:680	cell expansion	667:680	cell expansion	667:680	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	8	65	theme	critical	1240:1247	arg1	importance					1249:1258	critical importance	1240:1258	critical importance	1240:1258	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	8	66	theme	cell	1296:1299	arg1	expansion					1301:1309	cell expansion	1296:1309	cell expansion	1296:1309	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	7	67	gly	nonfucosylated	1051:1064	arg1	xyloglucan					1066:1075	nonfucosylated xyloglucan	1051:1075	nonfucosylated xyloglucan	1051:1075	Furthermore, fucosidase-mediated defucosylation of xyloglucan, but not biosynthesis of nonfucosylated xyloglucan, rescued dark-grown hypocotyl lengthening of ABP1 knockdown seedlings.
24424095	6	68	theme	structure	953:961	arg1	modulation					914:923	the modulation	910:923	the modulation of hemicellulose xyloglucan structure	910:961	ABP1 also functions in the modulation of hemicellulose xyloglucan structure.
24424095	0	69	theme	auxin	51:55	arg1	signaling					57:65	auxin signaling	51:65	auxin signaling	51:65	AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 links cell wall remodeling, auxin signaling, and cell expansion in arabidopsis.
24424095	6	70	theme	xyloglucan	942:951	arg1	structure					953:961	hemicellulose xyloglucan structure	928:961	hemicellulose xyloglucan structure	928:961	ABP1 also functions in the modulation of hemicellulose xyloglucan structure.
24424095	4	71	theme	expression	627:636	arg1	consequences					606:617	the consequences	602:617	the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion	602:680	We analyzed the effect of functional inactivation of ABP1 on transcriptomic changes in dark-grown hypocotyls and investigated the consequences of gene expression on cell wall composition and cell expansion.
24424095	8	72	theme	temporal	1264:1271	arg1	control					1285:1291	temporal and spatial control	1264:1291	temporal and spatial control of cell expansion	1264:1309	In muro remodeling of xyloglucan side chains via an ABP1-dependent pathway appears to be of critical importance for temporal and spatial control of cell expansion.
24424095	5	73	theme	Molecular	683:691	arg1	evidence					705:712	Molecular and genetic evidence	683:712	Molecular and genetic evidence	683:712	Molecular and genetic evidence indicates that ABP1 affects the expression of a broad range of cell wall-related genes, especially cell wall remodeling genes, mainly via an SCF(TIR/AFB)-dependent pathway.
29032214	0	0	theme	methylene	86:94	arg1	removal					75:81	efficient removal	65:81	efficient removal of methylene blue	65:99	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	3	1	theme	MB	728:729	arg1	solution					731:738	MB solution	728:738	MB solution	728:738	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	5	2	theme	AC-alginate	1147:1157	arg1	beads					1159:1163	AC-alginate beads	1147:1163	AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes	1147:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	4	3	theme	equilibrium	1027:1037	arg1	data					1050:1053	equilibrium adsorption data	1027:1053	equilibrium adsorption data	1027:1053	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	3	4	theme	time	697:700	arg1	effect					645:650	The effect	641:650	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal	641:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	5	theme	solution	679:686	arg1	pH					673:674	pH	673:674	pH of solution	673:686	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	5	theme	solution	679:686	arg1	time					697:700	contact time	689:700	contact time	689:700	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	5	theme	solution	679:686	arg1	concentration					711:723	initial concentration	703:723	initial concentration of MB solution	703:738	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	5	theme	solution	679:686	arg1	temperature					744:754	temperature	744:754	temperature	744:754	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	5	theme	solution	679:686	arg1	dose					667:670	AC-alginate dose	655:670	AC-alginate dose	655:670	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	2	6	theme	thermogravimetric	607:623	arg1	TGA					635:637	TGA	635:637	TGA	635:637	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	6	theme	thermogravimetric	607:623	arg1	analysis					625:632	thermogravimetric analysis	607:632	thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)	607:638	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	5	7	theme	cationic	1239:1246	arg1	dyes					1248:1251	cationic dyes	1239:1251	cationic dyes	1239:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	4	8	from	adsorption	942:951	arg1	beads					974:978	AC-alginate beads	962:978	AC-alginate beads	962:978	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	4	9	theme	maximum	814:820	arg1	capacity					833:840	the maximum adsorption capacity	810:840	the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g	810:851	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	5	10	theme	dyes	1248:1251	arg1	removal					1228:1234	removal	1228:1234	removal of cationic dyes	1228:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	1	11	theme	calcium-alginate	285:300	arg1	beads					302:306	calcium-alginate beads	285:306	calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution	285:360	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	0	12	theme	blue	96:99	arg1	methylene					86:94	methylene blue	86:99	methylene blue	86:99	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	3	13	theme	concentration	711:723	arg1	effect					645:650	The effect	641:650	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal	641:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	4	14	theme	order	1008:1012	arg1	equation					1014:1021	well pseudo-second order equation	989:1021	well pseudo-second order equation	989:1021	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	2	15	dep	structure	367:375	arg1	The					363:365	The	363:365	The	363:365	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	16	theme	surface	534:540	arg1	SBET					557:560	SBET	557:560	SBET	557:560	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	16	theme	surface	534:540	arg1	analysis					547:554	surface area analysis	534:554	surface area analysis (SBET)	534:561	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	5	17	theme	adsorbent	1214:1222	arg1	cost					1209:1212	a potential and low cost	1189:1212	a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes	1189:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	4	18	dep	pH	896:897	arg1	25°C.					919:923	25°C.	919:923	25°C.	919:923	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	2	19	theme	electron	504:511	arg1	SEM					525:527	SEM	525:527	SEM	525:527	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	19	theme	electron	504:511	arg1	microscopy					513:522	scanning electron microscopy	495:522	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	495:528	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	20	theme	FTIR	475:478	arg1	spectroscopy					481:492	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	464:492	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	464:492	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	21	theme	beads	420:424	arg1	structure					367:375	structure	367:375	structure	367:375	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	21	theme	beads	420:424	arg1	characteristics					389:403	surface characteristics	381:403	surface characteristics	381:403	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	0	22	theme	surface	5:11	arg1	mesoporous					18:27	High surface area mesoporous	0:27	High surface area mesoporous	0:27	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	3	23	theme	initial	703:709	arg1	concentration					711:723	initial concentration	703:723	initial concentration of MB solution	703:738	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	4	24	theme	230mg/g	845:851	arg1	capacity					833:840	the maximum adsorption capacity	810:840	the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g	810:851	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	2	25	theme	AC-alginate	408:418	arg1	beads					420:424	AC-alginate beads	408:424	AC-alginate beads	408:424	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	0	26	theme	High	0:3	arg1	mesoporous					18:27	High surface area mesoporous	0:27	High surface area mesoporous	0:27	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	5	27	theme	composite	1165:1173	arg1	beads					1159:1163	AC-alginate beads	1147:1163	AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes	1147:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	4	28	theme	pseudo-second	994:1006	arg1	equation					1014:1021	well pseudo-second order equation	989:1021	well pseudo-second order equation	989:1021	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	4	29	theme	isotherm	1092:1099	arg1	model					1101:1105	the Freundlich isotherm model	1077:1105	the Freundlich isotherm model	1077:1105	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	1	30	theme	methylene	312:320	arg1	removal					332:338	methylene blue (MB) removal	312:338	methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution	312:360	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	31	theme	High	102:105	arg1	mesoporous					120:129	High surface area mesoporous	102:129	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	4	32	theme	Freundlich	1081:1090	arg1	model					1101:1105	the Freundlich isotherm model	1077:1105	the Freundlich isotherm model	1077:1105	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	0	33	theme	area	13:16	arg1	mesoporous					18:27	High surface area mesoporous	0:27	High surface area mesoporous	0:27	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	1	34	theme	blue	322:325	arg1	methylene					312:320	methylene blue	312:325	methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution	312:360	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	34	theme	blue	322:325	arg1	MB					328:329	MB	328:329	MB	328:329	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	35	theme	surface	107:113	arg1	mesoporous					120:129	High surface area mesoporous	102:129	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	36	theme	activated	221:229	arg1	powder					238:243	activated carbon powder	221:243	activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel	221:278	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	0	37	theme	carbon-alginate	39:53	arg1	beads					55:59	carbon-alginate beads	39:59	carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue	39:99	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	3	38	theme	solution	731:738	arg1	pH					673:674	pH	673:674	pH of solution	673:686	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	38	theme	solution	731:738	arg1	time					697:700	contact time	689:700	contact time	689:700	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	38	theme	solution	731:738	arg1	concentration					711:723	initial concentration	703:723	initial concentration of MB solution	703:738	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	38	theme	solution	731:738	arg1	temperature					744:754	temperature	744:754	temperature	744:754	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	38	theme	solution	731:738	arg1	dose					667:670	AC-alginate dose	655:670	AC-alginate dose	655:670	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	39	theme	AC-alginate	655:665	arg1	dose					667:670	AC-alginate dose	655:670	AC-alginate dose	655:670	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	1	40	theme	carbon	231:236	arg1	powder					238:243	activated carbon powder	221:243	activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel	221:278	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	2	41	theme	scanning	495:502	arg1	SEM					525:527	SEM	525:527	SEM	525:527	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	41	theme	scanning	495:502	arg1	microscopy					513:522	scanning electron microscopy	495:522	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	495:528	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	4	42	theme	MB	956:957	arg1	adsorption					942:951	the adsorption	938:951	the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads	938:978	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	4	43	theme	AC-alginate	962:972	arg1	beads					974:978	AC-alginate beads	962:978	AC-alginate beads	962:978	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	1	44	attach	derived	245:251	arg2	powder					238:243	activated carbon powder	221:243	activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel	221:278	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	44	attach	derived	245:251	arg1	peel					275:278	Mangosteen fruit peel	258:278	Mangosteen fruit peel	258:278	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	5	45	theme	beads	1159:1163	arg1	feasibility					1132:1142	the feasibility	1128:1142	the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes	1128:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	4	46	theme	MB	881:882	arg1	solution					884:891	MB solution	881:891	MB solution	881:891	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	3	47	theme	temperature	744:754	arg1	effect					645:650	The effect	641:650	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal	641:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	2	48	theme	area	542:545	arg1	SBET					557:560	SBET	557:560	SBET	557:560	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	2	48	theme	area	542:545	arg1	analysis					547:554	surface area analysis	534:554	surface area analysis (SBET)	534:561	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	1	49	theme	area	115:118	arg1	mesoporous					120:129	High surface area mesoporous	102:129	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	50	from	solution	353:360	arg1	removal					332:338	methylene blue (MB) removal	312:338	methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution	312:360	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	4	51	theme	adsorption	822:831	arg1	capacity					833:840	the maximum adsorption capacity	810:840	the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g	810:851	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	3	52	theme	contact	689:695	arg1	time					697:700	contact time	689:700	contact time	689:700	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	3	53	theme	pH	673:674	arg1	effect					645:650	The effect	641:650	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal	641:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	2	54	dep	Fourier	446:452	arg1	transform					454:462	transform	454:462	transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET)	454:561	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	1	55	theme	mesoporous	120:129	arg1	beads					171:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	2	56	theme	surface	381:387	arg1	characteristics					389:403	surface characteristics	381:403	surface characteristics	381:403	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	3	57	theme	MB	759:760	arg1	removal					762:768	MB removal	759:768	MB removal	759:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	2	58	theme	thermal	570:576	arg1	properties					578:587	thermal properties	570:587	thermal properties	570:587	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	5	59	theme	potential	1191:1199	arg1	cost					1209:1212	a potential and low cost	1189:1212	a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes	1189:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	1	60	theme	activated	131:139	arg1	beads					171:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	5	61	theme	low	1205:1207	arg1	cost					1209:1212	a potential and low cost	1189:1212	a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes	1189:1251	The findings reveal the feasibility of AC-alginate beads composite to be used as a potential and low cost adsorbent for removal of cationic dyes.
29032214	4	62	theme	solution	884:891	arg1	100mg/L					870:876	100mg/L	870:876	100mg/L of MB solution	870:891	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	3	63	theme	dose	667:670	arg1	effect					645:650	The effect	641:650	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal	641:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	1	64	theme	carbon-alginate	141:155	arg1	beads					171:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	1	65	theme	Mangosteen	258:267	arg1	peel					275:278	Mangosteen fruit peel	258:278	Mangosteen fruit peel	258:278	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	0	66	theme	efficient	65:73	arg1	removal					75:81	efficient removal	65:81	efficient removal of methylene blue	65:99	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate beads for efficient removal of methylene blue.
29032214	1	67	theme	aqueous	345:351	arg1	solution					353:360	aqueous solution	345:360	aqueous solution	345:360	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	2	68	theme	infra-red	464:472	arg1	spectroscopy					481:492	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	464:492	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	464:492	The structure and surface characteristics of AC-alginate beads were analyzed using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface area analysis (SBET), while thermal properties were tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
29032214	3	69	from	effect	645:650	arg1	removal					762:768	MB removal	759:768	MB removal	759:768	The effect of AC-alginate dose, pH of solution, contact time, initial concentration of MB solution and temperature on MB removal was elucidated.
29032214	1	70	theme	AC-alginate	158:168	arg1	beads					171:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads	102:175	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
29032214	4	71	theme	adsorption	1039:1048	arg1	data					1050:1053	equilibrium adsorption data	1027:1053	equilibrium adsorption data	1027:1053	The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of 230mg/g was achieved for 100mg/L of MB solution at pH 9.5 and temperature 25°C. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB on AC-alginate beads followed well pseudo-second order equation and equilibrium adsorption data were better fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model.
29032214	1	72	theme	fruit	269:273	arg1	peel					275:278	Mangosteen fruit peel	258:278	Mangosteen fruit peel	258:278	High surface area mesoporous activated carbon-alginate (AC-alginate) beads were successfully synthesized by entrapping activated carbon powder derived from Mangosteen fruit peel into calcium-alginate beads for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solution.
25063153	3	0	from	media	379:383	arg1	insoluble					359:367	insoluble	359:367	insoluble	359:367	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	1	1	theme	chitosan	155:162	arg1	properties					141:150	the mechanical properties	126:150	the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT)	126:168	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids were prepared by a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state.
25063153	8	2	theme	stress-strain	934:946	arg1	measurements					948:959	compressive stress-strain measurements	922:959	compressive stress-strain measurements	922:959	The mechanical properties of the hybrids were characterized by means of compressive stress-strain measurements.
25063153	3	3	theme	wt	469:470	arg1	concentration					448:460	an optimum GEN concentration	433:460	an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	433:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	7	4	theme	chitosan	820:827	arg1	walls					843:847	the chitosan membrane pore walls	816:847	the chitosan membrane pore walls	816:847	The morphology study of the composite revealed that the silica phase appears as a layer covering the chitosan membrane pore walls.
25063153	1	5	theme	Chitosan-silica	41:55	arg1	hybrids					64:70	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids	41:70	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids	41:70	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids were prepared by a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state.
25063153	8	6	theme	compressive	922:932	arg1	measurements					948:959	compressive stress-strain measurements	922:959	compressive stress-strain measurements	922:959	The mechanical properties of the hybrids were characterized by means of compressive stress-strain measurements.
25063153	7	7	theme	membrane	829:836	arg1	walls					843:847	the chitosan membrane pore walls	816:847	the chitosan membrane pore walls	816:847	The morphology study of the composite revealed that the silica phase appears as a layer covering the chitosan membrane pore walls.
25063153	7	8	theme	silica	775:780	arg1	phase					782:786	the silica phase	771:786	the silica phase	771:786	The morphology study of the composite revealed that the silica phase appears as a layer covering the chitosan membrane pore walls.
25063153	3	9	theme	GEN	444:446	arg1	concentration					448:460	an optimum GEN concentration	433:460	an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	433:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	2	10	theme	acidic	259:264	arg1	medium					266:271	acidic medium	259:271	acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds	259:325	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	6	11	theme	amino	670:674	arg1	chitosan					686:693	chitosan	686:693	chitosan	686:693	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	6	11	theme	amino	670:674	arg1	groups					676:681	the free amino groups	661:681	the free amino groups of chitosan	661:693	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	3	12	from	insoluble	359:367	arg1	media					379:383	acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	372:470	acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	372:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	3	13	dep	media	379:383	arg1	cross-linked					398:409	cross-linked	398:409	was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	394:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	2	14	theme	prepared	301:308	arg1	scaffolds					317:325	already prepared porous scaffolds	293:325	already prepared porous scaffolds	293:325	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	6	15	theme	free	665:668	arg1	chitosan					686:693	chitosan	686:693	chitosan	686:693	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	6	15	theme	free	665:668	arg1	groups					676:681	the free amino groups	661:681	the free amino groups of chitosan	661:693	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	0	16	theme	hybrid	16:21	arg1	membranes					30:38	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes	0:38	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes.	0:39	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes.
25063153	5	17	theme	silica	596:601	arg1	precursors					603:612	silica precursors	596:612	silica precursors	596:612	Sol-gel reactions took place with Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) acting as silica precursors.
25063153	1	18	theme	novel	91:95	arg1	strategy					97:104	a novel strategy	89:104	a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state	89:190	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids were prepared by a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state.
25063153	0	19	theme	Chitosan-silica	0:14	arg1	membranes					30:38	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes	0:38	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes.	0:39	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes.
25063153	9	20	theme	magnitude	1055:1063	arg1	orders					1045:1050	two orders	1041:1050	two orders of magnitude	1041:1063	By immersion in water the hybrids exhibit an increase in elastic modulus up to two orders of magnitude.
25063153	1	21	theme	hydrogel	177:184	arg1	state					186:190	the hydrogel state	173:190	the hydrogel state	173:190	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids were prepared by a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state.
25063153	0	22	theme	porous	23:28	arg1	membranes					30:38	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes	0:38	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes.	0:39	Chitosan-silica hybrid porous membranes.
25063153	7	23	theme	composite	747:755	arg1	study					734:738	The morphology study	719:738	The morphology study of the composite	719:755	The morphology study of the composite revealed that the silica phase appears as a layer covering the chitosan membrane pore walls.
25063153	9	24	from	increase	1007:1014	arg1	modulus					1027:1033	elastic modulus	1019:1033	elastic modulus	1019:1033	By immersion in water the hybrids exhibit an increase in elastic modulus up to two orders of magnitude.
25063153	6	25	theme	coupling	638:645	arg1	agent					647:651	a coupling agent	636:651	a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network	636:716	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	6	25	theme	coupling	638:645	arg1	GPTMS					615:619	GPTMS	615:619	GPTMS	615:619	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	9	26	theme	elastic	1019:1025	arg1	modulus					1027:1033	elastic modulus	1019:1033	elastic modulus	1019:1033	By immersion in water the hybrids exhibit an increase in elastic modulus up to two orders of magnitude.
25063153	8	27	theme	mechanical	854:863	arg1	properties					865:874	The mechanical properties	850:874	The mechanical properties of the hybrids	850:889	The mechanical properties of the hybrids were characterized by means of compressive stress-strain measurements.
25063153	3	28	theme	acidic	372:377	arg1	media					379:383	acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	372:470	acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	372:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	2	29	theme	silica	207:212	arg1	phase					214:218	The inorganic silica phase	193:218	The inorganic silica phase	193:218	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	9	30	dep	orders	1045:1050	arg1	up					1035:1036	up	1035:1036	up	1035:1036	By immersion in water the hybrids exhibit an increase in elastic modulus up to two orders of magnitude.
25063153	9	31	from	immersion	965:973	arg1	water					978:982	water	978:982	water	978:982	By immersion in water the hybrids exhibit an increase in elastic modulus up to two orders of magnitude.
25063153	7	32	theme	morphology	723:732	arg1	study					734:738	The morphology study	719:738	The morphology study of the composite	719:755	The morphology study of the composite revealed that the silica phase appears as a layer covering the chitosan membrane pore walls.
25063153	2	33	theme	inorganic	197:205	arg1	phase					214:218	The inorganic silica phase	193:218	The inorganic silica phase	193:218	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	2	34	theme	scaffolds	317:325	arg1	pores					284:288	the pores	280:288	the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds	280:325	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	6	35	theme	silica	703:708	arg1	network					710:716	the silica network	699:716	the silica network	699:716	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	3	36	theme	optimum	436:442	arg1	concentration					448:460	an optimum GEN concentration	433:460	an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	433:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	8	37	theme	hybrids	883:889	arg1	properties					865:874	The mechanical properties	850:874	The mechanical properties of the hybrids	850:889	The mechanical properties of the hybrids were characterized by means of compressive stress-strain measurements.
25063153	2	38	theme	sol-gel	238:244	arg1	reactions					246:254	sol-gel reactions	238:254	sol-gel reactions	238:254	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	1	39	theme	mechanical	130:139	arg1	properties					141:150	the mechanical properties	126:150	the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT)	126:168	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids were prepared by a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state.
25063153	2	40	theme	porous	310:315	arg1	scaffolds					317:325	already prepared porous scaffolds	293:325	already prepared porous scaffolds	293:325	The inorganic silica phase was introduced by sol-gel reactions in acidic medium inside the pores of already prepared porous scaffolds.
25063153	1	41	theme	porous	57:62	arg1	hybrids					64:70	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids	41:70	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids	41:70	Chitosan-silica porous hybrids were prepared by a novel strategy in order to improve the mechanical properties of chitosan (CHT) in the hydrogel state.
25063153	5	42	theme	Sol-gel	475:481	arg1	reactions					483:491	Sol-gel reactions	475:491	Sol-gel reactions	475:491	Sol-gel reactions took place with Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) acting as silica precursors.
25063153	6	43	theme	chitosan	686:693	arg1	network					710:716	the silica network	699:716	the silica network	699:716	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	6	43	theme	chitosan	686:693	arg1	chitosan					686:693	chitosan	686:693	chitosan	686:693	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	6	43	theme	chitosan	686:693	arg1	groups					676:681	the free amino groups	661:681	the free amino groups of chitosan	661:693	GPTMS served also as a coupling agent between the free amino groups of chitosan and the silica network.
25063153	3	44	theme	insoluble	359:367	arg1	scaffolds					349:357	the scaffolds	345:357	the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt	345:470	In order to make the scaffolds insoluble in acidic media chitosan was cross-linked by genipin (GEN) with an optimum GEN concentration of 3.2 wt.
25063153	7	45	theme	pore	838:841	arg1	walls					843:847	the chitosan membrane pore walls	816:847	the chitosan membrane pore walls	816:847	The morphology study of the composite revealed that the silica phase appears as a layer covering the chitosan membrane pore walls.
29137785	9	0	theme	silica	1368:1373	arg1	nanoparticles					1375:1387	silica nanoparticles	1368:1387	silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix	1368:1406	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	2	1	theme	gas	381:383	arg1	performance					396:406	the gas separation performance	377:406	the gas separation performance	377:406	It is a novel method to enhance the gas separation performance.
29137785	1	2	theme	simple	283:288	arg1	process					336:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	7	3	dep	indicated	1003:1011	arg1	increase					1016:1023	increase	1016:1023	indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer	1003:1088	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	7	3	dep	indicated	1003:1011	arg1	an					1013:1014	an	1013:1014	an	1013:1014	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	9	4	theme	gases	1294:1298	arg1	permeability					1274:1285	the permeability	1270:1285	the permeability of the gases	1270:1298	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	4	5	theme	biodegradable	641:653	arg1	nanocellulose					655:667	biodegradable nanocellulose	641:667	biodegradable nanocellulose	641:667	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	5	6	theme	polymer	830:836	arg1	matrix					838:843	the polymer matrix	826:843	the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale	826:864	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	7	7	theme	pure	1077:1080	arg1	polymer					1082:1088	the pure polymer	1073:1088	the pure polymer	1073:1088	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	1	8	theme	green	291:295	arg1	process					336:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	0	9	theme	gas	110:112	arg1	permeation					114:123	gas permeation	110:123	gas permeation	110:123	Synthesis and characterization of polyester bionanocomposite membrane with ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity.
29137785	11	10	theme	antimicrobial	1656:1668	arg1	test					1670:1673	antimicrobial test	1656:1673	antimicrobial test against pathogenic bacteria	1656:1701	Further, antimicrobial test against pathogenic bacteria was carried out.
29137785	7	11	theme	analysis	983:990	arg1	data					998:1001	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data	964:1001	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data	964:1001	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	2	12	theme	novel	353:357	arg1	It					345:346	It	345:346	It	345:346	It is a novel method to enhance the gas separation performance.
29137785	2	12	theme	novel	353:357	arg1	method					359:364	a novel method	351:364	a novel method to enhance the gas separation performance	351:406	It is a novel method to enhance the gas separation performance.
29137785	0	13	theme	antibacterial	129:141	arg1	activity					143:150	antibacterial activity	129:150	antibacterial activity	129:150	Synthesis and characterization of polyester bionanocomposite membrane with ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity.
29137785	5	14	theme	electron	724:731	arg1	TEM					745:747	TEM	745:747	TEM	745:747	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	5	14	theme	electron	724:731	arg1	microscopy					733:742	Transmission electron microscopy	711:742	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	711:757	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	3	15	contain	containing	441:450	arg1	diol					436:439	The novel optically active diol	409:439	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups	409:484	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	3	15	contain	containing	441:450	arg2	groups					479:484	functional trifluoromethyl groups	452:484	functional trifluoromethyl groups	452:484	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	9	16	theme	dioxide/nitrogen	1482:1497	arg1	gases					1499:1503	carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1475:1503	carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1475:1503	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	9	17	theme	dioxide/methane	1455:1469	arg1	performance					1433:1443	the separation performance	1418:1443	the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1418:1503	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	5	18	theme	microscopy	733:742	arg1	analyses					750:757	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	711:757	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	711:757	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	7	19	theme	PE/BNCs	1050:1056	arg1	stability					1033:1041	thermal stability	1025:1041	thermal stability of the PE/BNCs	1025:1056	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	7	20	theme	Thermo	964:969	arg1	TGA					993:995	TGA	993:995	TGA	993:995	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	7	20	theme	Thermo	964:969	arg1	analysis					983:990	Thermo gravimetric analysis	964:990	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data	964:1001	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	9	21	theme	carbon	1475:1480	arg1	gases					1499:1503	carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1475:1503	carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1475:1503	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	3	22	theme	novel	413:417	arg1	diol					436:439	The novel optically active diol	409:439	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups	409:484	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	8	23	theme	PE	1187:1188	arg1	structure					1199:1207	the PE membrane structure	1183:1207	the PE membrane structure	1183:1207	The results obtained from gas permeation experiments showed that adding cellulose/silica to the PE membrane structure increased the permeability of the membranes.
29137785	7	24	theme	gravimetric	971:981	arg1	TGA					993:995	TGA	993:995	TGA	993:995	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	7	24	theme	gravimetric	971:981	arg1	analysis					983:990	Thermo gravimetric analysis	964:990	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data	964:1001	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	3	25	theme	trifluoromethyl	463:477	arg1	groups					479:484	functional trifluoromethyl groups	452:484	functional trifluoromethyl groups	452:484	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	1	26	theme	inexpensive	301:311	arg1	process					336:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	8	27	theme	permeation	1121:1130	arg1	experiments					1132:1142	gas permeation experiments	1117:1142	gas permeation experiments	1117:1142	The results obtained from gas permeation experiments showed that adding cellulose/silica to the PE membrane structure increased the permeability of the membranes.
29137785	10	28	theme	cellulose/silica	1521:1536	arg1	fraction					1543:1550	the cellulose/silica mass fraction	1517:1550	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane	1506:1566	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	9	29	theme	gases	1499:1503	arg1	performance					1433:1443	the separation performance	1418:1443	the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1418:1503	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	1	30	theme	ultrasonic	313:322	arg1	process					336:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	10	31	from	fraction	1543:1550	arg1	membrane					1559:1566	the membrane	1555:1566	the membrane	1555:1566	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	5	32	theme	Transmission	711:722	arg1	TEM					745:747	TEM	745:747	TEM	745:747	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	5	32	theme	Transmission	711:722	arg1	microscopy					733:742	Transmission electron microscopy	711:742	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	711:757	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	0	33	dep	irradiation	86:96	arg1	process					98:104	process	98:104	process	98:104	Synthesis and characterization of polyester bionanocomposite membrane with ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity.
29137785	3	34	theme	steps	507:511	arg1	reaction					513:520	four steps reaction	502:520	four steps reaction	502:520	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	1	35	theme	irradiation	324:334	arg1	process					336:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process	283:342	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	8	36	theme	membrane	1190:1197	arg1	structure					1199:1207	the PE membrane structure	1183:1207	the PE membrane structure	1183:1207	The results obtained from gas permeation experiments showed that adding cellulose/silica to the PE membrane structure increased the permeability of the membranes.
29137785	10	37	theme	gases	1608:1612	arg1	coefficients					1592:1603	the diffusion coefficients	1578:1603	the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study	1578:1644	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	1	38	theme	cellulose/silica	228:243	arg1	BNCs					263:266	BNCs	263:266	BNCs	263:266	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	1	38	theme	cellulose/silica	228:243	arg1	bionanocomposite					245:260	cellulose/silica bionanocomposite	228:260	cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs)	228:267	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	4	39	mod	modified	627:634	arg3	nanocellulose					655:667	biodegradable nanocellulose	641:667	biodegradable nanocellulose	641:667	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	4	39	mod	modified	627:634	arg1	nanoparticles					608:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	578:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	578:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	0	40	theme	polyester	34:42	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Synthesis and characterization of polyester bionanocomposite membrane with ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity.
29137785	0	40	theme	polyester	34:42	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and characterization of polyester bionanocomposite membrane with ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity.
29137785	9	41	theme	PE	1398:1399	arg1	matrix					1401:1406	the PE matrix	1394:1406	the PE matrix	1394:1406	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	3	42	theme	functional	452:461	arg1	groups					479:484	functional trifluoromethyl groups	452:484	functional trifluoromethyl groups	452:484	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	9	43	theme	<PN2	1327:1330	arg1	%					1347:1347	88%	1345:1347	88%	1345:1347	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	9	43	theme	<PN2	1327:1330	arg1	<PCO2					1338:1342	PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2	1316:1342	PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%)	1316:1359	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	8	44	theme	gas	1117:1119	arg1	experiments					1132:1142	gas permeation experiments	1117:1142	gas permeation experiments	1117:1142	The results obtained from gas permeation experiments showed that adding cellulose/silica to the PE membrane structure increased the permeability of the membranes.
29137785	3	45	theme	active	429:434	arg1	diol					436:439	The novel optically active diol	409:439	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups	409:484	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	10	46	theme	Increasing	1506:1515	arg1	fraction					1543:1550	the cellulose/silica mass fraction	1517:1550	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane	1506:1566	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	10	47	theme	diffusion	1582:1590	arg1	coefficients					1592:1603	the diffusion coefficients	1578:1603	the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study	1578:1644	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	5	48	from	matrix	838:843	arg1	scale					860:864	a nanometer scale	848:864	a nanometer scale	848:864	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	6	49	theme	mechanical	871:880	arg1	properties					882:891	The mechanical properties	867:891	The mechanical properties	867:891	The mechanical properties nanocomposite films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137785	10	50	theme	mass	1538:1541	arg1	fraction					1543:1550	the cellulose/silica mass fraction	1517:1550	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane	1506:1566	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	4	51	theme	silica	601:606	arg1	nanoparticles					608:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	578:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	578:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	5	52	theme	cellulose/silica	775:790	arg1	composites					792:801	the cellulose/silica composites	771:801	the cellulose/silica composites	771:801	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	4	53	theme	ultrasonic	677:686	arg1	technique					700:708	ultrasonic irradiation technique	677:708	ultrasonic irradiation technique	677:708	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	6	54	theme	cellulose/silica	946:961	arg1	addition					934:941	the addition	930:941	the addition of cellulose/silica	930:961	The mechanical properties nanocomposite films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137785	7	55	theme	thermal	1025:1031	arg1	stability					1033:1041	thermal stability	1025:1041	thermal stability of the PE/BNCs	1025:1056	Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) data indicated an increase thermal stability of the PE/BNCs in compared to the pure polymer.
29137785	4	56	theme	available	591:599	arg1	nanoparticles					608:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	578:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	578:620	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	8	57	theme	membranes	1243:1251	arg1	permeability					1223:1234	the permeability	1219:1234	the permeability of the membranes	1219:1251	The results obtained from gas permeation experiments showed that adding cellulose/silica to the PE membrane structure increased the permeability of the membranes.
29137785	1	58	theme	bionanocomposite	170:185	arg1	membranes					187:195	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes	153:195	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs)	153:267	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	10	59	theme	current	1632:1638	arg1	study					1640:1644	the current study	1628:1644	the current study	1628:1644	Increasing the cellulose/silica mass fraction in the membrane increased the diffusion coefficients of gases considered in the current study.
29137785	9	60	dep	<PN2	1327:1330	arg1	%					1335:1335	58%	1333:1335	58%	1333:1335	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	9	60	dep	<PN2	1327:1330	arg1	%					1324:1324	38%	1322:1324	38%	1322:1324	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	9	61	theme	carbon	1448:1453	arg1	dioxide/methane					1455:1469	carbon dioxide/methane	1448:1469	carbon dioxide/methane	1448:1469	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	11	62	theme	pathogenic	1683:1692	arg1	bacteria					1694:1701	pathogenic bacteria	1683:1701	pathogenic bacteria	1683:1701	Further, antimicrobial test against pathogenic bacteria was carried out.
29137785	1	63	theme	active	163:168	arg1	membranes					187:195	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes	153:195	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs)	153:267	Optically active bionanocomposite membranes composed of polyester (PE) and cellulose/silica bionanocomposite (BNCs) prepared with simple, green and inexpensive ultrasonic irradiation process.
29137785	4	64	theme	irradiation	688:698	arg1	technique					700:708	ultrasonic irradiation technique	677:708	ultrasonic irradiation technique	677:708	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellulose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137785	5	65	theme	nanometer	850:858	arg1	scale					860:864	a nanometer scale	848:864	a nanometer scale	848:864	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the polymer matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137785	9	66	theme	<PCO2	1338:1342	arg1	<PO2					1350:1353	PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2	1316:1353	PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%)	1316:1359	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	9	66	theme	<PCO2	1338:1342	arg1	%					1358:1358	98%	1356:1358	98%	1356:1358	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	9	67	from	increase	1258:1265	arg1	permeability					1274:1285	the permeability	1270:1285	the permeability of the gases	1270:1298	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
29137785	3	68	theme	different	556:564	arg1	techniques					566:575	different techniques	556:575	different techniques	556:575	The novel optically active diol containing functional trifluoromethyl groups was prepared in four steps reaction and it was fully characterized by different techniques.
29137785	0	69	theme	ultrasonic	75:84	arg1	irradiation					86:96	ultrasonic irradiation	75:96	ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity	75:150	Synthesis and characterization of polyester bionanocomposite membrane with ultrasonic irradiation process for gas permeation and antibacterial activity.
29137785	2	70	theme	separation	385:394	arg1	performance					396:406	the gas separation performance	377:406	the gas separation performance	377:406	It is a novel method to enhance the gas separation performance.
29137785	9	71	theme	separation	1422:1431	arg1	performance					1433:1443	the separation performance	1418:1443	the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases	1418:1503	The increase in the permeability of the gases was as follows: PCH4 (38%) <PN2 (58%) <PCO2 (88%) <PO2 (98%) Adding silica nanoparticles into the PE matrix, improved the separation performance of carbon dioxide/methane and carbon dioxide/nitrogen gases.
25887216	3	0	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	454:467	arg1	methacrylate					469:480	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	454:480	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	454:480	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	1	1	theme	release	217:223	arg1	profile					225:231	the release profile	213:231	the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	213:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	9	2	theme	drug	1596:1599	arg1	profile					1609:1615	the drug release profile	1592:1615	the drug release profile	1592:1615	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	0	3	theme	Timolol	0:6	arg1	maleate					8:14	Timolol maleate	0:14	Timolol maleate	0:14	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	4	theme	agent	173:177	arg1	impact					142:147	the impact	138:147	the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	138:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	4	5	theme	agent	642:646	arg1	loading					599:605	The loading	595:605	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent	595:646	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	10	6	theme	electrostatic	1826:1838	arg1	interactions					1840:1851	electrostatic interactions	1826:1851	electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA	1826:1888	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	3	7	theme	hydrophobic	514:524	arg1	methacryloxypropyltris					546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	7	theme	hydrophobic	514:524	arg1	monomer					535:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	5	8	theme	water	814:818	arg1	uptake					820:825	the water uptake	810:825	the water uptake	810:825	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	6	9	theme	silicone	932:939	arg1	hydrogels					941:949	the examined silicone hydrogels	919:949	the examined silicone hydrogels	919:949	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	7	10	from	days	1143:1146	arg1	release					1116:1122	Sustained release	1106:1122	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days	1106:1146	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	9	11	theme	simultaneous	1651:1662	arg1	release					1664:1670	the simultaneous release	1647:1670	the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP	1647:1690	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	3	12	theme	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	arg1	N-dimethylacrylamide					487:506	N-dimethylacrylamide	487:506	N-dimethylacrylamide	487:506	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	12	theme	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	arg1	N					485:485	N	485:485	N	485:485	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	12	theme	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	arg1	methacryloxypropyltris					546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	12	theme	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	arg1	monomer					535:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	11	13	theme	silicone	1963:1970	arg1	hydrogels					1972:1980	the silicone hydrogels	1959:1980	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	14	theme	hydrophilic	1936:1946	arg1	domains					1948:1954	the hydrophilic domains	1932:1954	the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1932:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	14	theme	hydrophilic	1936:1946	arg1	hydrogels					1972:1980	the silicone hydrogels	1959:1980	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	14	theme	hydrophilic	1936:1946	arg1	interactions					1993:2004	interactions	1993:2004	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	4	15	theme	hydrogels	694:702	arg1	synthesis					668:676	the synthesis	664:676	the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels	664:702	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	10	16	theme	HA	1729:1730	arg1	ratio					1737:1741	the HA:drug ratio	1725:1741	the HA:drug ratio	1725:1741	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	11	17	theme	hydrogels	1972:1980	arg1	domains					1948:1954	the hydrophilic domains	1932:1954	the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1932:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	17	theme	hydrogels	1972:1980	arg1	hydrogels					1972:1980	the silicone hydrogels	1959:1980	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	17	theme	hydrogels	1972:1980	arg1	interactions					1993:2004	interactions	1993:2004	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	8	18	theme	therapeutic	1423:1433	arg1	agent					1435:1439	the therapeutic agent	1419:1439	the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix	1419:1472	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	8	19	theme	release	1270:1276	arg1	profile					1278:1284	The release profile	1266:1284	The release profile	1266:1284	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	8	19	theme	release	1270:1276	arg1	dependent					1299:1307	dependent	1299:1307	dependent	1299:1307	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	10	20	theme	anionic	1879:1885	arg1	HA					1887:1888	anionic HA	1879:1888	anionic HA	1879:1888	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	7	21	theme	drug	1171:1174	arg1	transport					1176:1184	the drug transport	1167:1184	the drug transport	1167:1184	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	1	22	theme	hydrogel	277:284	arg1	materials					299:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	5	23	theme	HA	860:861	arg1	weight					850:855	lower molecular weight	834:855	lower molecular weight of HA	834:861	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	6	24	from	miscibility	983:993	arg1	mixture					1034:1040	the prepolymer mixture	1019:1040	the prepolymer mixture	1019:1040	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	0	25	theme	lens	88:91	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	26	theme	lens	294:297	arg1	materials					299:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	27	theme	releasable	154:163	arg1	agent					173:177	a releasable wetting agent	152:177	a releasable wetting agent	152:177	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	8	28	theme	silicone	1449:1456	arg1	matrix					1467:1472	the silicone hydrogel matrix	1445:1472	the silicone hydrogel matrix	1445:1472	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	4	29	theme	entrapment	733:742	arg1	method					716:721	the method	712:721	the method of direct entrapment	712:742	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	5	30	from	changes	799:805	arg1	uptake					820:825	the water uptake	810:825	the water uptake	810:825	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	1	31	from	impact	142:147	arg1	profile					225:231	the release profile	213:231	the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	213:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	0	32	theme	acid-containing	40:54	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	9	33	theme	agent	1513:1517	arg1	entrapment					1487:1496	Noncovalent entrapment	1475:1496	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent	1475:1517	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	8	34	theme	monomer	1328:1334	arg1	composition					1336:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	5	35	theme	minimal	791:797	arg1	changes					799:805	minimal changes	791:805	minimal changes in the water uptake	791:825	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	1	36	theme	timolol	236:242	arg1	TM					253:254	TM	253:254	TM	253:254	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	36	theme	timolol	236:242	arg1	maleate					244:250	timolol maleate	236:250	timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	236:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	6	37	theme	prepolymer	1023:1032	arg1	mixture					1034:1040	the prepolymer mixture	1019:1040	the prepolymer mixture	1019:1040	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	11	38	theme	wetting	2015:2021	arg1	agent					2023:2027	the wetting agent	2011:2027	the wetting agent	2011:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	3	39	theme	model	398:402	arg1	lenses					404:409	The model lenses	394:409	The model lenses	394:409	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	2	40	theme	alternative	352:362	arg1	Polyvinylpyrrolidone					310:329	Polyvinylpyrrolidone	310:329	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)	310:335	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	2	40	theme	alternative	352:362	arg1	agent					372:376	an alternative wetting agent	349:376	an alternative wetting agent for comparison	349:391	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	1	41	from	materials	299:307	arg1	TM					253:254	TM	253:254	TM	253:254	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	41	from	materials	299:307	arg1	profile					225:231	the release profile	213:231	the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	213:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	41	from	materials	299:307	arg1	maleate					244:250	timolol maleate	236:250	timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	236:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	0	42	theme	hyaluronic	29:38	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	7	43	theme	silicone	1246:1253	arg1	hydrogels					1255:1263	the silicone hydrogels	1242:1263	the silicone hydrogels	1242:1263	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	11	44	theme	drug	2044:2047	arg1	profile					2057:2063	the drug release profile	2040:2063	the drug release profile	2040:2063	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	7	45	dep	14	1140:1141	arg1	to					1137:1138	to	1137:1138	to	1137:1138	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	0	46	theme	hydrogel	71:78	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	8	47	theme	hydrophobic	1369:1379	arg1	domains					1390:1396	hydrophobic (silane) domains	1369:1396	hydrophobic (silane) domains	1369:1396	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	7	48	theme	Sustained	1106:1114	arg1	release					1116:1122	Sustained release	1106:1122	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days	1106:1146	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	1	49	theme	model	262:266	arg1	materials					299:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	6	50	theme	silicone	1086:1093	arg1	hydrogels					1095:1103	the developed silicone hydrogels	1072:1103	the developed silicone hydrogels	1072:1103	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	8	51	theme	silane	1382:1387	arg1	domains					1390:1396	hydrophobic (silane) domains	1369:1396	hydrophobic (silane) domains	1369:1396	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	7	52	theme	hydrophilic	1219:1229	arg1	hydrogels					1255:1263	the silicone hydrogels	1242:1263	the silicone hydrogels	1242:1263	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	7	52	theme	hydrophilic	1219:1229	arg1	domains					1231:1237	the hydrophilic domains	1215:1237	the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels	1215:1263	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	6	53	theme	wetting	1002:1008	arg1	agent					1010:1014	the wetting agent	998:1014	the wetting agent	998:1014	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	8	54	theme	domains	1390:1396	arg1	affinity					1407:1414	the affinity	1403:1414	the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix	1403:1472	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	8	54	theme	domains	1390:1396	arg1	composition					1336:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	8	54	theme	domains	1390:1396	arg1	distribution					1353:1364	the distribution	1349:1364	the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains	1349:1396	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	5	55	theme	lower	834:838	arg1	weight					850:855	lower molecular weight	834:855	lower molecular weight of HA	834:861	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	11	56	with	hydrogels	1972:1980	arg1	agent					2023:2027	the wetting agent	2011:2027	the wetting agent	2011:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	6	57	from	composition	1057:1067	arg1	mixture					1034:1040	the prepolymer mixture	1019:1040	the prepolymer mixture	1019:1040	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	10	58	theme	drug	1732:1735	arg1	ratio					1737:1741	the HA:drug ratio	1725:1741	the HA:drug ratio	1725:1741	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	1	59	theme	hyaluronic	188:197	arg1	HA					205:206	HA	205:206	HA	205:206	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	1	59	theme	hyaluronic	188:197	arg1	acid					199:202	hyaluronic acid	188:202	hyaluronic acid (HA)	188:207	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	9	60	theme	release	1601:1607	arg1	profile					1609:1615	the drug release profile	1592:1615	the drug release profile	1592:1615	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	10	61	theme	HA	1808:1809	arg1	release					1797:1803	the release	1793:1803	the release of HA	1793:1809	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	1	62	theme	wetting	165:171	arg1	agent					173:177	a releasable wetting agent	152:177	a releasable wetting agent	152:177	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	0	63	theme	model	56:60	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	3	64	theme	silicone	526:533	arg1	methacryloxypropyltris					546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	64	theme	silicone	526:533	arg1	monomer					535:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	5	65	theme	molecular	840:848	arg1	weight					850:855	lower molecular weight	834:855	lower molecular weight of HA	834:861	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	11	66	theme	interactions	1993:2004	arg1	domains					1948:1954	the hydrophilic domains	1932:1954	the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1932:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	66	theme	interactions	1993:2004	arg1	hydrogels					1972:1980	the silicone hydrogels	1959:1980	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	11	66	theme	interactions	1993:2004	arg1	interactions					1993:2004	interactions	1993:2004	the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1959:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	4	67	theme	therapeutic	630:640	arg1	agent					642:646	the therapeutic agent	626:646	the therapeutic agent	626:646	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	1	68	from	profile	225:231	arg1	materials					299:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	6	69	theme	hydrogels	941:949	arg1	transparency					903:914	The transparency	899:914	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels	899:949	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	11	70	with	interactions	1993:2004	arg1	agent					2023:2027	the wetting agent	2011:2027	the wetting agent	2011:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	9	71	dep	release	1547:1553	arg1	duration					1555:1562	duration	1555:1562	duration	1555:1562	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	1	72	theme	acid	199:202	arg1	impact					142:147	the impact	138:147	the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	138:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	6	73	theme	examined	923:930	arg1	hydrogels					941:949	the examined silicone hydrogels	919:949	the examined silicone hydrogels	919:949	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	11	74	theme	drug	1920:1923	arg1	partitioning					1900:1911	partitioning	1900:1911	partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent	1900:2027	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	4	75	theme	the	610:612	arg1	loading					599:605	The loading	595:605	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent	595:646	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	10	76	theme	protonated	1861:1870	arg1	TM					1872:1873	protonated TM	1861:1873	protonated TM	1861:1873	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	10	77	theme	HA	1708:1709	arg1	case					1700:1703	the case	1696:1703	the case of HA	1696:1709	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	5	78	theme	surface	878:884	arg1	wettability					886:896	their surface wettability	872:896	their surface wettability	872:896	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	9	79	theme	TM	1675:1676	arg1	release					1664:1670	the simultaneous release	1647:1670	the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP	1647:1690	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	8	80	theme	agent	1435:1439	arg1	affinity					1407:1414	the affinity	1403:1414	the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix	1403:1472	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	8	80	theme	agent	1435:1439	arg1	composition					1336:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	8	80	theme	agent	1435:1439	arg1	distribution					1353:1364	the distribution	1349:1364	the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains	1349:1396	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	4	81	theme	silicone	685:692	arg1	hydrogels					694:702	the silicone hydrogels	681:702	the silicone hydrogels	681:702	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	0	82	theme	contact	80:86	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	9	83	theme	HA	1682:1683	arg1	release					1664:1670	the simultaneous release	1647:1670	the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP	1647:1690	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	2	84	used	used	341:344	arg2	PVP					332:334	PVP	332:334	PVP	332:334	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	2	84	used	used	341:344	arg2	agent					372:376	an alternative wetting agent	349:376	an alternative wetting agent for comparison	349:391	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	2	84	used	used	341:344	arg2	Polyvinylpyrrolidone					310:329	Polyvinylpyrrolidone	310:329	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)	310:335	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	1	85	theme	contact	286:292	arg1	materials					299:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	9	86	theme	Noncovalent	1475:1485	arg1	entrapment					1487:1496	Noncovalent entrapment	1475:1496	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent	1475:1517	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	9	87	theme	PVP	1688:1690	arg1	release					1664:1670	the simultaneous release	1647:1670	the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP	1647:1690	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	8	88	theme	hydrogel	1458:1465	arg1	matrix					1467:1472	the silicone hydrogel matrix	1445:1472	the silicone hydrogel matrix	1445:1472	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	4	89	theme	direct	726:731	arg1	entrapment					733:742	direct entrapment	726:742	direct entrapment	726:742	The loading of the wetting and the therapeutic agent occurred during the synthesis of the silicone hydrogels through the method of direct entrapment.
25887216	3	90	dep	silane	587:592	arg1	N-dimethylacrylamide					487:506	N-dimethylacrylamide	487:506	N-dimethylacrylamide	487:506	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	90	dep	silane	587:592	arg1	N					485:485	N	485:485	N	485:485	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	90	dep	silane	587:592	arg1	methacryloxypropyltris					546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	methacryloxypropyltris	546:567	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	90	dep	silane	587:592	arg1	monomer					535:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	a hydrophobic silicone monomer	512:541	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	91	dep	monomer	438:444	arg1	silane					587:592	silane	587:592	silane	587:592	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	91	dep	monomer	438:444	arg1	either					447:452	either	447:452	either	447:452	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	3	92	dep	either	447:452	arg1	methacrylate					469:480	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	454:480	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	454:480	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	10	93	theme	release	1748:1754	arg1	rate					1756:1759	the release rate	1744:1759	the release rate	1744:1759	In the case of HA, depending on the HA:drug ratio, the release rate was decreased and controlled by the release of HA, likely due to electrostatic interactions between protonated TM and anionic HA.
25887216	8	94	theme	hydrophilic	1316:1326	arg1	composition					1336:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	the hydrophilic monomer composition	1312:1346	The release profile was strongly dependent on the hydrophilic monomer composition, the distribution of hydrophobic (silane) domains, and the affinity of the therapeutic agent for the silicone hydrogel matrix.
25887216	7	95	theme	TM	1127:1128	arg1	release					1116:1122	Sustained release	1106:1122	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days	1106:1146	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	1	96	theme	maleate	244:250	arg1	profile					225:231	the release profile	213:231	the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	213:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	7	97	theme	hydrogels	1255:1263	arg1	hydrogels					1255:1263	the silicone hydrogels	1242:1263	the silicone hydrogels	1242:1263	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	7	97	theme	hydrogels	1255:1263	arg1	domains					1231:1237	the hydrophilic domains	1215:1237	the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels	1215:1263	Sustained release of TM from 4 to 14 days was observed, with the drug transport occurring presumably through the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels.
25887216	9	98	theme	wetting	1505:1511	arg1	agent					1513:1517	the wetting agent	1501:1517	the wetting agent	1501:1517	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	2	99	theme	wetting	364:370	arg1	Polyvinylpyrrolidone					310:329	Polyvinylpyrrolidone	310:329	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)	310:335	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	2	99	theme	wetting	364:370	arg1	agent					372:376	an alternative wetting agent	349:376	an alternative wetting agent for comparison	349:391	Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an alternative wetting agent for comparison.
25887216	5	100	theme	developed	749:757	arg1	materials					759:767	The developed materials	745:767	The developed materials	745:767	The developed materials were characterized by minimal changes in the water uptake, while lower molecular weight of HA improved their surface wettability.
25887216	9	101	theme	in vitro	1538:1545	arg1	release					1547:1553	the in vitro release duration and kinetics	1534:1575	release	1547:1553	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	6	102	theme	agent	1010:1014	arg1	composition					1057:1067	the composition	1053:1067	the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels	979:1103	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	6	102	theme	agent	1010:1014	arg1	miscibility					983:993	the miscibility	979:993	the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels	979:1103	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	1	103	dep	such	180:183	arg1	as					185:186	as	185:186	as	185:186	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	0	104	theme	silicone	62:69	arg1	materials					93:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	29:101	Timolol maleate release from hyaluronic acid-containing model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	6	105	theme	hydrogels	1095:1103	arg1	composition					1057:1067	the composition	1053:1067	the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels	979:1103	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	6	105	theme	hydrogels	1095:1103	arg1	miscibility					983:993	the miscibility	979:993	the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels	979:1103	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	11	106	theme	release	2049:2055	arg1	profile					2057:2063	the drug release profile	2040:2063	the drug release profile	2040:2063	Overall, partitioning of the drug within the hydrophilic domains of the silicone hydrogels as well as interactions with the wetting agent determined the drug release profile.
25887216	1	107	theme	silicone	268:275	arg1	materials					299:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials	262:307	This study was designed to assess the impact of a releasable wetting agent, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), on the release profile of timolol maleate (TM) from model silicone hydrogel contact lens materials.
25887216	6	108	theme	developed	1076:1084	arg1	hydrogels					1095:1103	the developed silicone hydrogels	1072:1103	the developed silicone hydrogels	1072:1103	The transparency of the examined silicone hydrogels was found to be affected by the miscibility of the wetting agent in the prepolymer mixture as well as the composition of the developed silicone hydrogels.
25887216	3	109	theme	hydrophilic	426:436	arg1	monomer					438:444	a hydrophilic monomer	424:444	a hydrophilic monomer	424:444	The model lenses consisted of a hydrophilic monomer, either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or N,N-dimethylacrylamide and a hydrophobic silicone monomer of methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane.
25887216	9	110	theme	TM	1580:1581	arg1	release					1547:1553	the in vitro release duration and kinetics	1534:1575	release	1547:1553	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
25887216	9	110	theme	TM	1580:1581	arg1	kinetics					1568:1575	kinetics	1568:1575	kinetics	1568:1575	Noncovalent entrapment of the wetting agent did not change the in vitro release duration and kinetics of TM, however the drug release profile was found to be controlled by the simultaneous release of TM and HA or PVP.
26387621	0	0	theme	drug	88:91	arg1	dissolution					52:62	the dissolution	48:62	the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug	48:91	Continuous twin-screw granulation for enhancing the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.
26387621	6	1	theme	defined	1083:1089	arg1	variables					1103:1111	the defined independent variables	1079:1111	the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process	1079:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	6	2	theme	granulation	1131:1141	arg1	process					1143:1149	the twin screw granulation process	1116:1149	the twin screw granulation process	1116:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	6	3	theme	process	1143:1149	arg1	variables					1103:1111	the defined independent variables	1079:1111	the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process	1079:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	1	4	theme	process	160:166	arg1	application					120:130	the application	116:130	the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU)	116:248	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	6	5	contain	have	1151:1154	arg1	variables					1103:1111	the defined independent variables	1079:1111	the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process	1079:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	6	5	contain	have	1151:1154	arg2	effect					1166:1171	a complex effect	1156:1171	a complex effect on the measured outcomes	1156:1196	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	5	6	theme	granules	1040:1047	arg1	LoD					1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	6	theme	granules	1040:1047	arg1	drying					1011:1016	drying	1011:1016	drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	1011:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	0	7	theme	soluble	80:86	arg1	drug					88:91	poorly water soluble drug	67:91	poorly water soluble drug	67:91	Continuous twin-screw granulation for enhancing the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.
26387621	6	8	theme	screw	1125:1129	arg1	process					1143:1149	the twin screw granulation process	1116:1149	the twin screw granulation process	1116:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	8	9	theme	IBU	1468:1470	arg1	distribution					1448:1459	the homogenous distribution	1433:1459	the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations	1433:1511	Furthermore, the analysis obtained from the surface mapping by Raman proved the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations.
26387621	7	10	theme	dissolution	1316:1326	arg1	enhancement					1328:1338	the dissolution enhancement	1312:1338	the dissolution enhancement in acidic media	1312:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	6	11	theme	twin	1120:1123	arg1	process					1143:1149	the twin screw granulation process	1116:1149	the twin screw granulation process	1116:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	7	12	theme	state	1209:1213	arg1	analysis					1215:1222	The solid state analysis	1199:1222	The solid state analysis	1199:1222	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	2	13	theme	QbD	272:274	arg1	approach					277:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach	251:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach	251:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	4	14	theme	novel	535:539	arg1	approach					541:548	This novel approach	530:548	This novel approach	530:548	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	5	15	theme	MAS/polymer	878:888	arg1	ratio					890:894	MAS/polymer ratio	878:894	MAS/polymer ratio	878:894	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	3	16	theme	formulation	474:484	arg1	compositions					486:497	the formulation compositions	470:497	the formulation compositions	470:497	For the purpose of the study, a design of experiment (DoE) was implemented to assess the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters.
26387621	5	17	dep	ratio	890:894	arg1	ratios					943:948	ratios	943:948	ratios	943:948	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	3	18	theme	experiment	413:422	arg1	design					403:408	a design	401:408	a design of experiment (DoE)	401:428	For the purpose of the study, a design of experiment (DoE) was implemented to assess the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters.
26387621	2	19	theme	quality-by-design	253:269	arg1	approach					277:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach	251:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach	251:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	1	20	theme	dissolution	183:193	arg1	rate					195:198	the dissolution rate	179:198	the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU)	179:248	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	3	21	theme	study	394:398	arg1	purpose					379:385	the purpose	375:385	the purpose of the study	375:398	For the purpose of the study, a design of experiment (DoE) was implemented to assess the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters.
26387621	5	22	theme	mean	976:979	arg1	size					990:993	mean particle size	976:993	mean particle size	976:993	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	7	23	theme	IBU	1268:1270	arg1	state					1272:1276	partially amorphous IBU state	1248:1276	partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media	1248:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	4	24	theme	polyethylene	701:712	arg1	PEG					727:729	PEG	727:729	PEG	727:729	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	24	theme	polyethylene	701:712	arg1	glycol					714:719	polyethylene glycol 2000	701:724	polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG)	701:730	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	7	25	theme	significant	1290:1300	arg1	effect					1302:1307	a significant effect	1288:1307	a significant effect	1288:1307	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	0	26	theme	twin-screw	11:20	arg1	granulation					22:32	Continuous twin-screw granulation	0:32	Continuous twin-screw granulation for enhancing the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.	0:92	Continuous twin-screw granulation for enhancing the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.
26387621	5	27	theme	particle	981:988	arg1	size					990:993	mean particle size	976:993	mean particle size	976:993	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	4	28	theme	drying	774:779	arg1	step					781:784	a further drying step	764:784	a further drying step	764:784	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	29	theme	®	688:688	arg1	aluminometasilicate					658:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate	648:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS)	648:694	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	29	theme	®	688:688	arg1	-MAS					690:693	Neusilin(®)-MAS	679:693	Neusilin(®)-MAS	679:693	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	2	30	theme	HME	354:356	arg1	processing					359:368	hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing	334:368	hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing	334:368	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	0	31	theme	Continuous	0:9	arg1	granulation					22:32	Continuous twin-screw granulation	0:32	Continuous twin-screw granulation for enhancing the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.	0:92	Continuous twin-screw granulation for enhancing the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.
26387621	4	32	theme	further	766:772	arg1	step					781:784	a further drying step	764:784	a further drying step	764:784	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	3	33	theme	processing	507:516	arg1	parameters					518:527	the processing parameters	503:527	the processing parameters	503:527	For the purpose of the study, a design of experiment (DoE) was implemented to assess the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters.
26387621	7	34	theme	solid	1203:1207	arg1	state					1209:1213	The solid state	1199:1213	The solid state analysis	1199:1222	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	4	35	theme	hydroxypropyl	607:619	arg1	HPMC					638:641	HPMC	638:641	HPMC	638:641	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	35	theme	hydroxypropyl	607:619	arg1	methylcellulose					621:635	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	607:635	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)	607:642	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	5	36	from	rates	969:973	arg1	LoD					1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	36	from	rates	969:973	arg1	drying					1011:1016	drying	1011:1016	drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	1011:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	6	37	from	effect	1166:1171	arg1	outcomes					1189:1196	the measured outcomes	1176:1196	the measured outcomes	1176:1196	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	6	38	theme	measured	1180:1187	arg1	outcomes					1189:1196	the measured outcomes	1176:1196	the measured outcomes	1176:1196	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	3	39	theme	compositions	486:497	arg1	effect					460:465	the effect	456:465	the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters	456:527	For the purpose of the study, a design of experiment (DoE) was implemented to assess the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters.
26387621	7	40	theme	amorphous	1258:1266	arg1	state					1272:1276	partially amorphous IBU state	1248:1276	partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media	1248:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	8	41	theme	extruded	1479:1486	arg1	formulations					1500:1511	the extruded granulation formulations	1475:1511	the extruded granulation formulations	1475:1511	Furthermore, the analysis obtained from the surface mapping by Raman proved the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations.
26387621	5	42	theme	ratio	890:894	arg1	effect					868:873	the effect	864:873	the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	864:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	1	43	theme	twin-screw	137:146	arg1	process					160:166	a twin-screw granulation process	135:166	a twin-screw granulation process	135:166	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	5	44	theme	extruded	1031:1038	arg1	granules					1040:1047	the extruded granules	1027:1047	the extruded granules	1027:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	45	theme	twin	829:832	arg1	extruder					840:847	a twin screw extruder	827:847	a twin screw extruder	827:847	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	8	46	from	distribution	1448:1459	arg1	formulations					1500:1511	the extruded granulation formulations	1475:1511	the extruded granulation formulations	1475:1511	Furthermore, the analysis obtained from the surface mapping by Raman proved the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations.
26387621	5	47	theme	solid	931:935	arg1	effect					868:873	the effect	864:873	the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	864:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	48	theme	loaded	791:796	arg1	batches					798:804	IBU loaded batches	787:804	IBU loaded batches	787:804	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	4	49	theme	excipients	588:597	arg1	use					562:564	the use	558:564	the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder	558:744	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	5	50	from	loss	1003:1006	arg1	LoD					1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	50	from	loss	1003:1006	arg1	drying					1011:1016	drying	1011:1016	drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	1011:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	51	dep	loaded	791:796	arg1	IBU					787:789	IBU	787:789	IBU	787:789	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	4	52	theme	polymer/inorganic	570:586	arg1	aluminometasilicate					658:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate	648:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS)	648:694	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	52	theme	polymer/inorganic	570:586	arg1	excipients					588:597	, polymer/inorganic excipients	568:597	excipients	588:597	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	52	theme	polymer/inorganic	570:586	arg1	methylcellulose					621:635	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	607:635	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)	607:642	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	5	53	from	size	990:993	arg1	LoD					1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	LoD	1019:1021	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	53	from	size	990:993	arg1	drying					1011:1016	drying	1011:1016	drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	1011:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	6	54	theme	complex	1158:1164	arg1	effect					1166:1171	a complex effect	1156:1171	a complex effect on the measured outcomes	1156:1196	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	5	55	theme	dissolution	957:967	arg1	rates					969:973	the dissolution rates	953:973	the dissolution rates	953:973	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	3	56	theme	parameters	518:527	arg1	effect					460:465	the effect	456:465	the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters	456:527	For the purpose of the study, a design of experiment (DoE) was implemented to assess the effect of the formulation compositions and the processing parameters.
26387621	2	57	theme	loaded	314:319	arg1	granules					321:328	IBU loaded granules	310:328	IBU loaded granules	310:328	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	8	58	theme	granulation	1488:1498	arg1	formulations					1500:1511	the extruded granulation formulations	1475:1511	the extruded granulation formulations	1475:1511	Furthermore, the analysis obtained from the surface mapping by Raman proved the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations.
26387621	7	59	contain	had	1284:1286	arg1	state					1272:1276	partially amorphous IBU state	1248:1276	partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media	1248:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	7	59	contain	had	1284:1286	arg2	effect					1302:1307	a significant effect	1288:1307	a significant effect	1288:1307	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	4	60	with	excipients	588:597	arg1	PEG					727:729	PEG	727:729	PEG	727:729	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	60	with	excipients	588:597	arg1	glycol					714:719	polyethylene glycol 2000	701:724	polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG)	701:730	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	61	theme	magnesium	648:656	arg1	aluminometasilicate					658:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate	648:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS)	648:694	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	61	theme	magnesium	648:656	arg1	-MAS					690:693	Neusilin(®)-MAS	679:693	Neusilin(®)-MAS	679:693	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	7	62	theme	state	1272:1276	arg1	existence					1235:1243	the existence	1231:1243	the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media	1231:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	6	63	theme	DoE	1054:1056	arg1	analysis					1058:1065	The DoE analysis	1050:1065	The DoE analysis	1050:1065	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	5	64	theme	PEG	897:899	arg1	binder					909:914	binder	909:914	binder	909:914	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	64	theme	PEG	897:899	arg1	amount					901:906	PEG amount	897:906	PEG amount (binder)	897:915	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	6	65	theme	independent	1091:1101	arg1	variables					1103:1111	the defined independent variables	1079:1111	the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process	1079:1149	The DoE analysis showed that the defined independent variables of the twin screw granulation process have a complex effect on the measured outcomes.
26387621	4	66	theme	Neusilin	679:686	arg1	aluminometasilicate					658:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate	648:676	magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS)	648:694	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	4	66	theme	Neusilin	679:686	arg1	-MAS					690:693	Neusilin(®)-MAS	679:693	Neusilin(®)-MAS	679:693	This novel approach allowed the use of, polymer/inorganic excipients such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin(®)-MAS) with polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) as the binder without requiring a further drying step.
26387621	2	67	dep	loaded	314:319	arg1	IBU					310:312	IBU	310:312	IBU	310:312	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	1	68	theme	soluble	220:226	arg1	ibuprofen					234:242	ibuprofen	234:242	ibuprofen (IBU)	234:248	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	1	68	theme	soluble	220:226	arg1	drug					228:231	the poorly water soluble drug	203:231	the poorly water soluble drug	203:231	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	5	69	theme	screw	834:838	arg1	extruder					840:847	a twin screw extruder	827:847	a twin screw extruder	827:847	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	7	70	theme	acidic	1343:1348	arg1	media					1350:1354	acidic media	1343:1354	acidic media	1343:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	5	71	theme	amount	901:906	arg1	effect					868:873	the effect	864:873	the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	864:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	1	72	theme	granulation	148:158	arg1	process					160:166	a twin-screw granulation process	135:166	a twin-screw granulation process	135:166	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	1	73	theme	drug	228:231	arg1	rate					195:198	the dissolution rate	179:198	the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU)	179:248	The article describes the application of a twin-screw granulation process to enhance the dissolution rate of the poorly water soluble drug, ibuprofen (IBU).
26387621	2	74	theme	extrusion	343:351	arg1	processing					359:368	hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing	334:368	hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing	334:368	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	2	75	used	used	290:293	arg2	approach					277:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach	251:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach	251:284	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	5	76	dep	solid	931:935	arg1	to					928:929	to	928:929	to	928:929	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	7	77	from	enhancement	1328:1338	arg1	media					1350:1354	acidic media	1343:1354	acidic media	1343:1354	The solid state analysis showed the existence of partially amorphous IBU state which had a significant effect on the dissolution enhancement in acidic media.
26387621	8	78	theme	homogenous	1437:1446	arg1	distribution					1448:1459	the homogenous distribution	1433:1459	the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations	1433:1511	Furthermore, the analysis obtained from the surface mapping by Raman proved the homogenous distribution of the IBU in the extruded granulation formulations.
26387621	2	79	theme	hot-melt	334:341	arg1	processing					359:368	hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing	334:368	hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing	334:368	A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used to manufacture IBU loaded granules via hot-melt extrusion (HME) processing.
26387621	5	80	from	effect	868:873	arg1	rates					969:973	the dissolution rates	953:973	the dissolution rates	953:973	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	80	from	effect	868:873	arg1	size					990:993	mean particle size	976:993	mean particle size	976:993	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
26387621	5	80	from	effect	868:873	arg1	loss					1003:1006	the loss	999:1006	the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules	999:1047	IBU loaded batches were processed using a twin screw extruder to investigate the effect of MAS/polymer ratio, PEG amount (binder) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios on the dissolution rates, mean particle size and the loss on drying (LoD) of the extruded granules.
28667291	6	0	theme	Silk	900:903	arg1	fibers					905:910	Silk fibers	900:910	Silk fibers	900:910	Silk fibers were fully embedded in scaffold's wall with no delamination.
28667291	2	1	theme	desired	353:359	arg1	characteristics					361:375	the desired characteristics	349:375	the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct	349:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	8	2	theme	milder	1138:1143	arg1	hemolysis					1145:1153	milder hemolysis	1138:1153	milder hemolysis	1138:1153	H-CSVSs presented milder hemolysis in vitro and significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation compared to non-heparinized ones.
28667291	8	3	from	resistance	1194:1203	arg1	implantation					1221:1232	subcutaneous implantation	1208:1232	subcutaneous implantation	1208:1232	H-CSVSs presented milder hemolysis in vitro and significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation compared to non-heparinized ones.
28667291	10	4	theme	muscle	1425:1430	arg1	SMCs					1439:1442	SMCs	1439:1442	SMCs	1439:1442	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	10	4	theme	muscle	1425:1430	arg1	cells					1432:1436	vascular smooth muscle cells	1409:1436	vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs)	1409:1443	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	4	5	theme	fiber-reinforced	687:702	arg1	SF					718:719	SF	718:719	SF	718:719	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	4	5	theme	fiber-reinforced	687:702	arg1	fibroin					709:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin	674:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF)	674:720	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	10	6	theme	smooth	1418:1423	arg1	SMCs					1439:1442	SMCs	1439:1442	SMCs	1439:1442	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	10	6	theme	smooth	1418:1423	arg1	cells					1432:1436	vascular smooth muscle cells	1409:1436	vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs)	1409:1443	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	9	7	dep	in	1272:1273	arg1	vitro					1275:1279	vitro	1275:1279	vitro	1275:1279	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity was sustained for over 12 weeks.
28667291	11	8	theme	small-diameter	1527:1540	arg1	vessels					1542:1548	small-diameter vessels	1527:1548	small-diameter vessels	1527:1548	Therefore, H-CSVS demonstrates a promising candidate for engineering of small-diameter vessels.
28667291	3	9	theme	mechanical	551:560	arg1	requirements					589:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements	543:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold	543:638	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	7	10	theme	higher	999:1004	arg1	pressure					1012:1019	much higher burst pressure	994:1019	much higher burst pressure	994:1019	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	10	11	theme	vascular	1409:1416	arg1	SMCs					1439:1442	SMCs	1439:1442	SMCs	1439:1442	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	10	11	theme	vascular	1409:1416	arg1	cells					1432:1436	vascular smooth muscle cells	1409:1436	vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs)	1409:1443	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	4	12	theme	silk	704:707	arg1	SF					718:719	SF	718:719	SF	718:719	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	4	12	theme	silk	704:707	arg1	fibroin					709:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin	674:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF)	674:720	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	3	13	theme	composite	472:480	arg1	CSVS					512:515	CSVS	512:515	CSVS	512:515	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	3	13	theme	composite	472:480	arg1	scaffold					502:509	a composite silk-based vascular scaffold	470:509	a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS)	470:516	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	8	14	theme	significant	1168:1178	arg1	resistance					1194:1203	significant calcification resistance	1168:1203	significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation	1168:1232	H-CSVSs presented milder hemolysis in vitro and significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation compared to non-heparinized ones.
28667291	7	15	theme	comparable	1077:1086	arg1	modulus					1096:1102	comparable elastic modulus	1077:1102	comparable elastic modulus	1077:1102	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	4	16	theme	Hydroxy-Iron	767:778	arg1	HICs					791:794	HICs	791:794	HICs	791:794	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	4	16	theme	Hydroxy-Iron	767:778	arg1	linkers					800:806	linkers	800:806	linkers	800:806	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	4	16	theme	Hydroxy-Iron	767:778	arg1	Complexes					780:788	Hydroxy-Iron Complexes	767:788	Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs)	767:795	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	11	17	theme	promising	1488:1496	arg1	candidate					1498:1506	a promising candidate	1486:1506	a promising candidate for engineering of small-diameter vessels	1486:1548	Therefore, H-CSVS demonstrates a promising candidate for engineering of small-diameter vessels.
28667291	4	18	dep	heparinized	740:750	arg1	H-CSVS					753:758	H-CSVS	753:758	H-CSVS	753:758	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	7	19	theme	elastic	1088:1094	arg1	modulus					1096:1102	comparable elastic modulus	1077:1102	comparable elastic modulus	1077:1102	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	1	20	theme	Autologous	100:109	arg1	grafts					111:116	Autologous grafts	100:116	Autologous grafts	100:116	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	1	21	theme	several	188:194	arg1	problems					196:203	several problems	188:203	several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works	188:315	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	0	22	theme	Biomimetic	2:11	arg1	Scaffold					55:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold	0:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity	0:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	2	23	dep	gathering	332:340	arg1	all					342:344	all	342:344	all	342:344	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	2	24	theme	scaffolds	389:397	arg1	characteristics					361:375	the desired characteristics	349:375	the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct	349:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	8	25	theme	calcification	1180:1192	arg1	resistance					1194:1203	significant calcification resistance	1168:1203	significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation	1168:1232	H-CSVSs presented milder hemolysis in vitro and significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation compared to non-heparinized ones.
28667291	2	26	theme	vascular	380:387	arg1	scaffolds					389:397	vascular scaffolds	380:397	vascular scaffolds in the same construct	380:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	0	27	theme	Composite	25:33	arg1	Scaffold					55:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold	0:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity	0:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	2	28	from	characteristics	361:375	arg1	construct					411:419	the same construct	402:419	the same construct	402:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	8	29	theme	subcutaneous	1208:1219	arg1	implantation					1221:1232	subcutaneous implantation	1208:1232	subcutaneous implantation	1208:1232	H-CSVSs presented milder hemolysis in vitro and significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation compared to non-heparinized ones.
28667291	0	30	theme	Heparinized	13:23	arg1	Scaffold					55:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold	0:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity	0:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	1	31	theme	increasing	290:299	arg1	number					301:306	an increasing number	287:306	an increasing number of works	287:315	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	7	32	theme	native	1056:1061	arg1	vessels					1063:1069	native vessels	1056:1069	native vessels	1056:1069	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	1	33	dep	engineered	243:252	arg1	tissue					236:241	tissue	236:241	tissue	236:241	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	1	34	dep	procedures	160:169	arg1	bypass					153:158	bypass	153:158	bypass	153:158	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	5	35	theme	porous	820:825	arg1	layer					839:843	The highly porous SF external layer	809:843	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm	809:866	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm was obtained by lyophilization.
28667291	0	36	theme	Vascular	46:53	arg1	Scaffold					55:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold	0:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity	0:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	1	37	theme	number	301:306	arg1	vessels					254:260	tissue engineered vessels	236:260	tissue engineered vessels	236:260	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	1	37	theme	number	301:306	arg1	subject					276:282	the subject	272:282	the subject of an increasing number of works	272:315	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	7	38	theme	retention	1032:1040	arg1	strength					1042:1049	suture retention strength	1025:1049	suture retention strength	1025:1049	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	3	39	theme	biological	578:587	arg1	requirements					589:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements	543:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold	543:638	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	5	40	theme	SF	827:828	arg1	layer					839:843	The highly porous SF external layer	809:843	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm	809:866	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm was obtained by lyophilization.
28667291	0	41	theme	Silk-Based	35:44	arg1	Scaffold					55:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold	0:62	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity	0:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	6	42	from	wall	946:949	arg1	embedded					923:930	embedded	923:930	embedded	923:930	Silk fibers were fully embedded in scaffold's wall with no delamination.
28667291	3	43	theme	scaffold	631:638	arg1	requirements					589:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements	543:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold	543:638	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	2	44	theme	big	432:434	arg1	challenge					436:444	a big challenge	430:444	a big challenge for scientists	430:459	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	2	44	theme	big	432:434	arg1	gathering					332:340	gathering	332:340	gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct	332:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	2	45	from	scaffolds	389:397	arg1	construct					411:419	the same construct	402:419	the same construct	402:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	2	46	theme	same	406:409	arg1	construct					411:419	the same construct	402:419	the same construct	402:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	8	47	theme	non-heparinized	1246:1260	arg1	ones					1262:1265	non-heparinized ones	1246:1265	non-heparinized ones	1246:1265	H-CSVSs presented milder hemolysis in vitro and significant calcification resistance in subcutaneous implantation compared to non-heparinized ones.
28667291	1	48	theme	works	311:315	arg1	number					301:306	an increasing number	287:306	an increasing number of works	287:315	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	9	49	theme	in	1272:1273	arg1	activity					1298:1305	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity	1268:1305	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity	1268:1305	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity was sustained for over 12 weeks.
28667291	3	50	theme	structural	563:572	arg1	requirements					589:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements	543:600	all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold	543:638	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	7	51	theme	burst	1006:1010	arg1	pressure					1012:1019	much higher burst pressure	994:1019	much higher burst pressure	994:1019	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	3	52	theme	silk-based	482:491	arg1	CSVS					512:515	CSVS	512:515	CSVS	512:515	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	3	52	theme	silk-based	482:491	arg1	scaffold					502:509	a composite silk-based vascular scaffold	470:509	a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS)	470:516	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	7	53	theme	suture	1025:1030	arg1	strength					1042:1049	suture retention strength	1025:1049	suture retention strength	1025:1049	The H-CSVS exhibited much higher burst pressure and suture retention strength than native vessels while comparable elastic modulus and compliance.
28667291	3	54	theme	vascular	493:500	arg1	CSVS					512:515	CSVS	512:515	CSVS	512:515	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	3	54	theme	vascular	493:500	arg1	scaffold					502:509	a composite silk-based vascular scaffold	470:509	a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS)	470:516	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	5	55	with	layer	839:843	arg1	pores					850:854	pores	850:854	pores	850:854	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm was obtained by lyophilization.
28667291	9	56	theme	antithrombogenic	1281:1296	arg1	activity					1298:1305	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity	1268:1305	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity	1268:1305	The in vitro antithrombogenic activity was sustained for over 12 weeks.
28667291	3	57	theme	small-diameter	607:620	arg1	scaffold					631:638	a small-diameter vascular scaffold	605:638	a small-diameter vascular scaffold	605:638	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	4	58	theme	braided	674:680	arg1	SF					718:719	SF	718:719	SF	718:719	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	4	58	theme	braided	674:680	arg1	fibroin					709:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin	674:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF)	674:720	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	6	59	from	embedded	923:930	arg1	wall					946:949	scaffold's wall	935:949	scaffold's wall with no delamination	935:970	Silk fibers were fully embedded in scaffold's wall with no delamination.
28667291	3	60	theme	vascular	622:629	arg1	scaffold					631:638	a small-diameter vascular scaffold	605:638	a small-diameter vascular scaffold	605:638	Herein, a composite silk-based vascular scaffold (CSVS) was proposed to consider all the mechanical, structural and biological requirements of a small-diameter vascular scaffold.
28667291	2	61	from	construct	411:419	arg1	characteristics					361:375	the desired characteristics	349:375	the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct	349:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	1	62	theme	vascular	144:151	arg1	procedures					160:169	vascular bypass procedures	144:169	vascular bypass procedures	144:169	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	10	63	theme	endothelial	1381:1391	arg1	ECs					1400:1402	ECs	1400:1402	ECs	1400:1402	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	10	63	theme	endothelial	1381:1391	arg1	cells					1393:1397	endothelial cells	1381:1397	endothelial cells (ECs)	1381:1403	The cytocompatibility was approved using endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in vitro.
28667291	6	64	with	wall	946:949	arg1	delamination					959:970	no delamination	956:970	no delamination	956:970	Silk fibers were fully embedded in scaffold's wall with no delamination.
28667291	5	65	theme	external	830:837	arg1	layer					839:843	The highly porous SF external layer	809:843	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm	809:866	The highly porous SF external layer with pores above 60 μm was obtained by lyophilization.
28667291	0	66	with	Scaffold	55:62	arg1	Antithrombogenicity					79:97	sustained Antithrombogenicity	69:97	sustained Antithrombogenicity	69:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	4	67	theme	silk	682:685	arg1	SF					718:719	SF	718:719	SF	718:719	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	4	67	theme	silk	682:685	arg1	fibroin					709:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin	674:715	braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF)	674:720	The scaffold's lumen composed of braided silk fiber-reinforced silk fibroin (SF) sponge covalently heparinized (H-CSVS) using Hydroxy-Iron Complexes (HICs) as linkers.
28667291	1	68	theme	engineered	243:252	arg1	vessels					254:260	tissue engineered vessels	236:260	tissue engineered vessels	236:260	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	1	68	theme	engineered	243:252	arg1	subject					276:282	the subject	272:282	the subject of an increasing number of works	272:315	Autologous grafts, as the gold standard for vascular bypass procedures, associated with several problems that limit their usability, so tissue engineered vessels have been the subject of an increasing number of works.
28667291	0	69	theme	sustained	69:77	arg1	Antithrombogenicity					79:97	sustained Antithrombogenicity	69:97	sustained Antithrombogenicity	69:97	A Biomimetic Heparinized Composite Silk-Based Vascular Scaffold with sustained Antithrombogenicity.
28667291	2	70	theme	characteristics	361:375	arg1	challenge					436:444	a big challenge	430:444	a big challenge for scientists	430:459	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	2	70	theme	characteristics	361:375	arg1	gathering					332:340	gathering	332:340	gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct	332:419	Nevertheless, gathering all of the desired characteristics of vascular scaffolds in the same construct has been a big challenge for scientists.
28667291	11	71	theme	vessels	1542:1548	arg1	engineering					1512:1522	engineering	1512:1522	engineering of small-diameter vessels	1512:1548	Therefore, H-CSVS demonstrates a promising candidate for engineering of small-diameter vessels.
25350611	0	0	theme	fracture	82:89	arg1	implants					100:107	fracture fixating implants	82:107	fracture fixating implants	82:107	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	7	1	theme	MicroCT	1075:1081	arg1	force					1051:1055	a mean pullout force	1036:1055	a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT	1036:1081	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	2	theme	control	1099:1105	arg1	nails					1107:1111	the control nails	1095:1111	the control nails	1095:1111	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	9	3	theme	pullout	1436:1442	arg1	forces					1444:1449	pullout forces	1436:1449	pullout forces	1436:1449	INTERPRETATION POGLICO is biocompatible, remains in situ, and appears to provide a higher resistance to pullout forces than bulk silk protein.
25350611	12	4	theme	commercial	1855:1864	arg1	development					1866:1876	commercial development	1855:1876	commercial development of the material	1855:1892	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	12	5	theme	toothpick	1798:1806	arg1	industry					1808:1815	the toothpick industry	1794:1815	the toothpick industry	1794:1815	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	1	6	theme	developed	330:338	arg1	silk-tenoin					340:350	the recently developed silk-tenoin	317:350	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs)	317:376	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	4	7	theme	proximal	792:799	arg1	tibias					801:806	the proximal tibias	788:806	the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks	788:826	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	7	8	theme	bone	1152:1155	arg1	layer					1139:1143	a thin layer	1132:1143	a thin layer of new bone	1132:1155	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	5	9	theme	pullout	866:872	arg1	testing					874:880	mechanical pullout testing	855:880	mechanical pullout testing	855:880	Fixation was evaluated by mechanical pullout testing.
25350611	11	10	theme	porous	1586:1591	arg1	surface					1593:1599	a porous surface	1584:1599	a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment	1584:1730	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	0	11	theme	fixating	91:98	arg1	implants					100:107	fracture fixating implants	82:107	fracture fixating implants	82:107	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	1	12	theme	silk-tenoin	340:350	arg1	STDMs					371:375	STDMs	371:375	STDMs	371:375	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	12	theme	silk-tenoin	340:350	arg1	materials					360:368	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials	317:368	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs)	317:376	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	12	13	theme	material	1885:1892	arg1	development					1866:1876	commercial development	1855:1876	commercial development of the material	1855:1892	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	1	14	theme	derived	352:358	arg1	STDMs					371:375	STDMs	371:375	STDMs	371:375	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	14	theme	derived	352:358	arg1	materials					360:368	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials	317:368	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs)	317:376	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	2	15	link	bio-derived	420:430	arg1	BIODERIBIOs					446:456	BIODERIBIOs	446:456	BIODERIBIOs	446:456	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	2	15	link	bio-derived	420:430	arg1	biomaterials					432:443	bio-derived biomaterials	420:443	bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs)	420:457	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	1	16	theme	metal	163:167	arg1	implants					169:176	metal implants	163:176	metal implants	163:176	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	2	17	theme	innovative	479:488	arg1	technology					490:499	a novel innovative technology	471:499	a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation	471:528	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	2	18	theme	biomaterials	432:443	arg1	philosophy					406:415	the new philosophy	398:415	the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs)	398:457	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	1	19	theme	implants	169:176	arg1	drawbacks					150:158	the known drawbacks	140:158	the known drawbacks of metal implants	140:176	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	0	20	theme	polyglucose-lignol	20:37	arg1	composite					39:47	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite	0:47	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.	0:108	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	0	20	theme	polyglucose-lignol	20:37	arg1	POGLICO					50:56	POGLICO	50:56	POGLICO	50:56	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	4	21	from	canteen	703:709	arg1	form					660:663	the form	656:663	the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen	656:709	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	4	21	from	canteen	703:709	arg1	toothpicks					674:683	birch toothpicks	668:683	birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen	668:709	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	4	22	theme	hospital	694:701	arg1	canteen					703:709	the hospital canteen	690:709	the hospital canteen	690:709	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	1	23	link	derived	352:358	arg1	STDMs					371:375	STDMs	371:375	STDMs	371:375	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	23	link	derived	352:358	arg1	materials					360:368	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials	317:368	the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs)	317:376	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	0	24	theme	Alendronate-eluting	0:18	arg1	composite					39:47	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite	0:47	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.	0:108	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	0	24	theme	Alendronate-eluting	0:18	arg1	POGLICO					50:56	POGLICO	50:56	POGLICO	50:56	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	1	25	theme	poly	274:277	arg1	PLGAs					306:310	PLGAs	306:310	PLGAs	306:310	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	25	theme	poly	274:277	arg1	acids					299:303	poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids	274:303	poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs)	274:311	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	9	26	theme	silk	1461:1464	arg1	protein					1466:1472	bulk silk protein	1456:1472	bulk silk protein	1456:1472	INTERPRETATION POGLICO is biocompatible, remains in situ, and appears to provide a higher resistance to pullout forces than bulk silk protein.
25350611	11	27	theme	treatment	1722:1730	arg1	effect					1696:1701	the effect	1692:1701	the effect of the alendronate treatment	1692:1730	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	12	28	theme	fracture	1898:1905	arg1	fixation					1907:1914	fracture fixation	1898:1914	fracture fixation	1898:1914	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	1	29	theme	new	179:181	arg1	PURPOSE					125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	29	theme	new	179:181	arg1	interest					253:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	29	theme	new	179:181	arg1	biomaterials					183:194	new biomaterials	179:194	new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation	179:225	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	29	theme	new	179:181	arg1	BACKGROUND					110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	7	30	from	fixed	1003:1007	arg1	p<0.001					1022:1028	p<0.001	1022:1028	p<0.001	1022:1028	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	30	from	fixed	1003:1007	arg1	bone					1016:1019	the bone	1012:1019	the bone (p<0.001)	1012:1029	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	31	theme	POGLICO	977:983	arg1	implants					985:992	All POGLICO implants	973:992	All POGLICO implants	973:992	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	11	32	contain	has	1580:1582	arg1	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO					1523:1540	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO	1523:1540	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO	1523:1540	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	11	32	contain	has	1580:1582	arg2	surface					1593:1599	a porous surface	1584:1599	a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment	1584:1730	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	7	33	theme	bone	1247:1250	arg1	layer					1227:1231	a thick layer	1219:1231	a thick layer of cancellous bone	1219:1250	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	2	34	theme	new	402:404	arg1	philosophy					406:415	the new philosophy	398:415	the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs)	398:457	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	1	35	theme	lactic-co-glucolic	279:296	arg1	PLGAs					306:310	PLGAs	306:310	PLGAs	306:310	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	35	theme	lactic-co-glucolic	279:296	arg1	acids					299:303	poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids	274:303	poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs)	274:311	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	2	36	theme	bio-derived	420:430	arg1	BIODERIBIOs					446:456	BIODERIBIOs	446:456	BIODERIBIOs	446:456	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	2	36	theme	bio-derived	420:430	arg1	biomaterials					432:443	bio-derived biomaterials	420:443	bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs)	420:457	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	11	37	theme	slow	1620:1623	arg1	release					1625:1631	slow release	1620:1631	slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating	1620:1670	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	5	38	theme	mechanical	855:864	arg1	testing					874:880	mechanical pullout testing	855:880	mechanical pullout testing	855:880	Fixation was evaluated by mechanical pullout testing.
25350611	8	39	theme	bone	1291:1294	arg1	density					1296:1302	the bone density	1287:1302	the bone density	1287:1302	Bisphosphonates more than doubled the bone density around the nails (p=0.004).
25350611	7	40	theme	mean	1038:1041	arg1	force					1051:1055	a mean pullout force	1036:1055	a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT	1036:1081	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	2	41	theme	fracture	512:519	arg1	fixation					521:528	fracture fixation	512:528	fracture fixation	512:528	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	3	42	theme	mm	562:563	arg1	dia					565:567	2 mm dia	560:567	2 mm dia.	560:568	PATIENTS AND METHODS Screws (2 mm dia.)
25350611	1	43	theme	internal	200:207	arg1	fixation					218:225	internal fracture fixation	200:225	internal fracture fixation	200:225	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	4	44	theme	composite	633:641	arg1	bars					606:609	cylindrical bars	594:609	cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO)	594:651	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	7	45	from	bone	1016:1019	arg1	fixed					1003:1007	fixed	1003:1007	fixed	1003:1007	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	46	theme	pullout	1043:1049	arg1	force					1051:1055	a mean pullout force	1036:1055	a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT	1036:1081	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	47	theme	bisphosphonate-treated	1168:1189	arg1	implants					1191:1198	all bisphosphonate-treated implants	1164:1198	all bisphosphonate-treated implants	1164:1198	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	6	48	theme	contralateral	918:930	arg1	tibia					932:936	the contralateral tibia	914:936	the contralateral tibia for microCT and histology	914:962	POGLICO nails were inserted in the contralateral tibia for microCT and histology.
25350611	1	49	theme	fracture	209:216	arg1	fixation					218:225	internal fracture fixation	200:225	internal fracture fixation	200:225	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	7	50	theme	thin	1134:1137	arg1	layer					1139:1143	a thin layer	1132:1143	a thin layer of new bone	1132:1155	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	51	theme	thick	1221:1225	arg1	layer					1227:1231	a thick layer	1219:1231	a thick layer of cancellous bone	1219:1250	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	4	52	theme	birch	668:672	arg1	toothpicks					674:683	birch toothpicks	668:683	birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen	668:709	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	12	53	from	industry	1808:1815	arg1	material					1744:1751	the raw material	1736:1751	the raw material for the screws	1736:1766	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	12	53	from	industry	1808:1815	arg1	available					1779:1787	available	1779:1787	available	1779:1787	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	3	54	theme	2	560:560	arg1	mm					562:563	mm	562:563	mm	562:563	PATIENTS AND METHODS Screws (2 mm dia.)
25350611	7	55	theme	N.	1072:1073	arg1	SD					1064:1065	SD 5.5	1064:1069	SD 5.5	1064:1069	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	55	theme	N.	1072:1073	arg1	MicroCT					1075:1081	37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT	1060:1081	37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT	1060:1081	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	12	56	theme	raw	1740:1742	arg1	material					1744:1751	the raw material	1736:1751	the raw material for the screws	1736:1766	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	12	56	theme	raw	1740:1742	arg1	available					1779:1787	available	1779:1787	available	1779:1787	As the raw material for the screws is readily available from the toothpick industry, I believe that the possibilities for commercial development of the material for fracture fixation are promising.
25350611	11	57	theme	drugs	1636:1640	arg1	release					1625:1631	slow release	1620:1631	slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating	1620:1670	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	4	58	dep	alendronate	728:738	arg1	n=6					750:752	n=6	750:752	n=6	750:752	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	4	58	dep	alendronate	728:738	arg1	mg/mL					743:747	1 mg/mL	741:747	1 mg/mL	741:747	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	1	59	dep	them	269:272	arg1	PLGAs					306:310	PLGAs	306:310	PLGAs	306:310	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	59	dep	them	269:272	arg1	acids					299:303	poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids	274:303	poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs)	274:311	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	9	60	theme	bulk	1456:1459	arg1	protein					1466:1472	bulk silk protein	1456:1472	bulk silk protein	1456:1472	INTERPRETATION POGLICO is biocompatible, remains in situ, and appears to provide a higher resistance to pullout forces than bulk silk protein.
25350611	7	61	theme	cancellous	1236:1245	arg1	bone					1247:1250	cancellous bone	1236:1250	cancellous bone	1236:1250	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	1	62	theme	Due	133:135	arg1	biomaterials					183:194	new biomaterials	179:194	new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation	179:225	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	62	theme	Due	133:135	arg1	PURPOSE					125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	62	theme	Due	133:135	arg1	interest					253:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	62	theme	Due	133:135	arg1	BACKGROUND					110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	9	63	theme	higher	1415:1420	arg1	resistance					1422:1431	a higher resistance	1413:1431	a higher resistance to pullout forces than bulk silk protein	1413:1472	INTERPRETATION POGLICO is biocompatible, remains in situ, and appears to provide a higher resistance to pullout forces than bulk silk protein.
25350611	11	64	theme	alendronate	1710:1720	arg1	treatment					1722:1730	the alendronate treatment	1706:1730	the alendronate treatment	1706:1730	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	4	65	theme	rats	811:814	arg1	tibias					801:806	the proximal tibias	788:806	the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks	788:826	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	2	66	from	use	505:507	arg1	fixation					521:528	fracture fixation	512:528	fracture fixation	512:528	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	0	67	dep	composite	39:47	arg1	biomaterial					66:76	a new biomaterial	60:76	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.	0:108	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	4	68	theme	toothpicks	674:683	arg1	form					660:663	the form	656:663	the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen	656:709	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	11	69	theme	simple	1653:1658	arg1	dip-coating					1660:1670	simple dip-coating	1653:1670	simple dip-coating	1653:1670	BIODERIBIO-POGLICO can be sterilized by autoclaving, and has a porous surface that can serve for slow release of drugs applied by simple dip-coating, as demonstrated by the effect of the alendronate treatment.
25350611	2	70	theme	novel	473:477	arg1	technology					490:499	a novel innovative technology	471:499	a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation	471:528	In accordance with the new philosophy of bio-derived biomaterials (BIODERIBIOs), I describe a novel innovative technology for use in fracture fixation.
25350611	7	71	theme	new	1148:1150	arg1	bone					1152:1155	new bone	1148:1155	new bone	1148:1155	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	7	72	dep	RESULTS	965:971	arg1	remained					994:1001	remained	994:1001	remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT	994:1081	RESULTS All POGLICO implants remained fixed in the bone (p<0.001) with a mean pullout force of 37 (SD 5.5) N. MicroCT showed that the control nails were surrounded by a thin layer of new bone, while all bisphosphonate-treated implants were surrounded by a thick layer of cancellous bone.
25350611	4	73	theme	cylindrical	594:604	arg1	bars					606:609	cylindrical bars	594:609	cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO)	594:651	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	3	74	dep	PATIENTS	531:538	arg1	dia					565:567	2 mm dia	560:567	2 mm dia.	560:568	PATIENTS AND METHODS Screws (2 mm dia.)
25350611	3	74	dep	PATIENTS	531:538	arg1	Screws					552:557	Screws	552:557	Screws	552:557	PATIENTS AND METHODS Screws (2 mm dia.)
25350611	4	75	theme	polyglucose-lignol	614:631	arg1	composite					633:641	polyglucose-lignol composite	614:641	polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO)	614:651	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	4	75	theme	polyglucose-lignol	614:631	arg1	POGLICO					644:650	POGLICO	644:650	POGLICO	644:650	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	1	76	theme	attracting	231:240	arg1	biomaterials					183:194	new biomaterials	179:194	new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation	179:225	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	76	theme	attracting	231:240	arg1	PURPOSE					125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	76	theme	attracting	231:240	arg1	interest					253:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	76	theme	attracting	231:240	arg1	BACKGROUND					110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	0	77	theme	new	62:64	arg1	biomaterial					66:76	a new biomaterial	60:76	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.	0:108	Alendronate-eluting polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO): a new biomaterial for fracture fixating implants.
25350611	6	78	theme	POGLICO	883:889	arg1	nails					891:895	POGLICO nails	883:895	POGLICO nails	883:895	POGLICO nails were inserted in the contralateral tibia for microCT and histology.
25350611	1	79	theme	known	144:148	arg1	drawbacks					150:158	the known drawbacks	140:158	the known drawbacks of metal implants	140:176	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	4	80	from	form	660:663	arg1	canteen					703:709	the hospital canteen	690:709	the hospital canteen	690:709	were manufactured from cylindrical bars of polyglucose-lignol composite (POGLICO) in the form of birch toothpicks from the hospital canteen, dip-coated with alendronate (1 mg/mL, n=6) or saline (n=6), and inserted in the proximal tibias of rats for 4 weeks.
25350611	1	81	theme	increasing	242:251	arg1	biomaterials					183:194	new biomaterials	179:194	new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation	179:225	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	81	theme	increasing	242:251	arg1	PURPOSE					125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	PURPOSE	125:131	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	81	theme	increasing	242:251	arg1	interest					253:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	attracting increasing interest	231:260	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
25350611	1	81	theme	increasing	242:251	arg1	BACKGROUND					110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND	110:119	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Due to the known drawbacks of metal implants, new biomaterials for internal fracture fixation are attracting increasing interest, among them poly(lactic-co-glucolic) acids (PLGAs) and the recently developed silk-tenoin derived materials (STDMs).
28570878	0	0	theme	aqueous	91:97	arg1	solution					99:106	aqueous solution	91:106	aqueous solution	91:106	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	1	1	theme	CS-based	317:324	arg1	membranes					326:334	CS-based membranes	317:334	CS-based membranes	317:334	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	3	2	theme	CS-based	713:720	arg1	membranes					722:730	current CS-based membranes	705:730	current CS-based membranes	705:730	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	6	3	theme	porous	1270:1275	arg1	membrane					1277:1284	the porous membrane	1266:1284	the porous membrane	1266:1284	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	3	4	theme	capacity	678:685	arg1	integration					635:645	the integration	631:645	the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	631:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	6	5	theme	above	1211:1215	arg1	advantages					1217:1226	All the above advantages	1203:1226	All the above advantages	1203:1226	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	2	6	theme	three-dimensional	465:481	arg1	structure					506:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure	463:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm	463:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	2	7	theme	mean	525:528	arg1	size					535:538	about mean pore size	519:538	about mean pore size less than 10μm	519:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	5	8	theme	150mgL-1	1192:1199	arg1	adsorption					1157:1166	dynamic adsorption	1149:1166	dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1	1149:1199	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	3	9	dep	available	827:835	arg1	activate					837:844	activate	837:844	activate	837:844	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	3	10	theme	CS/HA	791:795	arg1	membrane					797:804	non-porous CS/HA membrane	780:804	non-porous CS/HA membrane	780:804	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	6	11	theme	wastewater	1299:1308	arg1	treatment					1310:1318	practical wastewater treatment	1289:1318	practical wastewater treatment	1289:1318	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	1	12	theme	promising	338:346	arg1	membrane					348:355	a promising membrane adsorbent	336:365	a promising membrane adsorbent	336:365	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	3	13	theme	removal	885:891	arg1	integration					635:645	the integration	631:645	the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	631:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	5	14	theme	dynamic	1149:1155	arg1	adsorption					1157:1166	dynamic adsorption	1149:1166	dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1	1149:1199	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	6	15	theme	practical	1289:1297	arg1	treatment					1310:1318	practical wastewater treatment	1289:1318	practical wastewater treatment	1289:1318	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	6	16	theme	intriguing	1242:1251	arg1	potential					1253:1261	the intriguing potential	1238:1261	the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment	1238:1318	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	3	17	theme	high-speed	862:871	arg1	removal					885:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal	858:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	858:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	1	18	theme	resource	161:168	arg1	abundance					170:178	resource abundance	161:178	resource abundance	161:178	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	4	19	theme	synthesis	947:955	arg1	protocol					957:964	the synthesis protocol	943:964	the synthesis protocol for the proposed membrane	943:990	Besides, the synthesis protocol for the proposed membrane is also much simpler, environmental-friendly and economical.
28570878	4	19	theme	synthesis	947:955	arg1	simpler					1005:1011	simpler	1005:1011	simpler	1005:1011	Besides, the synthesis protocol for the proposed membrane is also much simpler, environmental-friendly and economical.
28570878	1	20	theme	adsorbent	357:365	arg1	membrane					348:355	a promising membrane adsorbent	336:365	a promising membrane adsorbent	336:365	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	3	21	theme	non-porous	780:789	arg1	membrane					797:804	non-porous CS/HA membrane	780:804	non-porous CS/HA membrane	780:804	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	3	22	theme	dynamic	873:879	arg1	removal					885:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal	858:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	858:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	6	23	from	potential	1253:1261	arg1	treatment					1310:1318	practical wastewater treatment	1289:1318	practical wastewater treatment	1289:1318	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	0	24	theme	chitosan/hydroxyapatite	7:29	arg1	membrane					41:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane	0:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane	0:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	3	25	theme	current	705:711	arg1	membranes					722:730	current CS-based membranes	705:730	current CS-based membranes	705:730	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	5	26	from	cycles	1139:1144	arg1	concentration					1175:1187	dye concentration	1171:1187	dye concentration	1171:1187	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	2	27	with	structure	506:514	arg1	surface					451:457	a sponge-like surface	437:457	a sponge-like surface	437:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	3	28	theme	dye	881:883	arg1	removal					885:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal	858:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	858:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	0	29	theme	Porous	0:5	arg1	membrane					41:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane	0:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane	0:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	3	30	dep	capacity	678:685	arg1	compared					691:698	compared	691:698	compared	691:698	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	3	31	theme	proposed	605:612	arg1	membrane					614:621	the proposed membrane	601:621	the proposed membrane	601:621	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	1	32	theme	good	181:184	arg1	biocompatibility					186:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	5	33	dep	featured	1090:1097	arg1	%					1129:1129	above 80%	1121:1129	above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1	1121:1199	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	6	34	theme	membrane	1277:1284	arg1	potential					1253:1261	the intriguing potential	1238:1261	the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment	1238:1318	All the above advantages indicated the intriguing potential of the porous membrane in practical wastewater treatment.
28570878	0	35	theme	composite	31:39	arg1	membrane					41:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane	0:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane	0:48	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	2	36	theme	less	540:543	arg1	size					535:538	about mean pore size	519:538	about mean pore size less than 10μm	519:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	1	37	dep	sites	240:244	arg1	sites					240:244	sufficient sites	229:244	sufficient sites (NH2 and OH)	229:257	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	37	dep	sites	240:244	arg1	OH					255:256	OH	255:256	OH	255:256	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	37	dep	sites	240:244	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	37	dep	sites	240:244	arg1	NH2					247:249	NH2	247:249	NH2	247:249	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	37	dep	sites	240:244	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	sites					240:244	sufficient sites	229:244	sufficient sites (NH2 and OH)	229:257	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	biocompatibility					186:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	characteristics					120:134	The unique characteristics	109:134	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants	109:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	ability					217:223	film-forming ability	204:223	film-forming ability	204:223	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	abundance					170:178	resource abundance	161:178	resource abundance	161:178	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	38	theme	unique	113:118	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	3	39	theme	98	894:895	arg1	%					896:896	%	896:896	%	896:896	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	2	40	theme	Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite	391:413	arg1	membrane					423:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane	382:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface	382:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	0	41	theme	dyes	54:57	arg1	removal					78:84	dyes static and dynamic removal	54:84	dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution	54:106	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	1	42	theme	heavy	277:281	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	2	43	theme	size	535:538	arg1	membrane					423:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane	382:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface	382:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	2	43	theme	size	535:538	arg1	structure					506:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure	463:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm	463:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	2	44	theme	porous	384:389	arg1	membrane					423:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane	382:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface	382:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	3	45	theme	striking	579:586	arg1	advantage					588:596	The most striking advantage	570:596	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane	570:621	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	3	46	theme	%	896:896	arg1	removal					885:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal	858:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	858:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	1	47	theme	film-forming	204:215	arg1	ability					217:223	film-forming ability	204:223	film-forming ability	204:223	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	sites					240:244	sufficient sites	229:244	sufficient sites (NH2 and OH)	229:257	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	biocompatibility					186:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	NH2					247:249	NH2	247:249	NH2	247:249	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	ability					217:223	film-forming ability	204:223	film-forming ability	204:223	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	OH					255:256	OH	255:256	OH	255:256	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	abundance					170:178	resource abundance	161:178	resource abundance	161:178	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	48	theme	metals	283:288	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	2	49	theme	pore	530:533	arg1	size					535:538	about mean pore size	519:538	about mean pore size less than 10μm	519:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	2	50	theme	sponge-like	439:449	arg1	surface					451:457	a sponge-like surface	437:457	a sponge-like surface	437:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	3	51	theme	higher	760:765	arg1	times					742:746	2.5 times	738:746	2.5 times	738:746	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	2	52	theme	interpenetrated	483:497	arg1	structure					506:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure	463:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm	463:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	0	53	theme	static	59:64	arg1	removal					78:84	dyes static and dynamic removal	54:84	dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution	54:106	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	1	54	theme	organic	293:299	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	5	55	from	concentration	1175:1187	arg1	cycles					1139:1144	5 cycles	1137:1144	5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1	1137:1199	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	5	55	from	concentration	1175:1187	arg1	adsorption					1157:1166	dynamic adsorption	1149:1166	dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1	1149:1199	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	3	56	theme	high	662:665	arg1	capacity					678:685	appreciably high adsorption capacity	650:685	appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon)	650:852	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	3	57	theme	better	906:911	arg1	removal					885:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal	858:891	the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min)	858:931	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	5	58	theme	repeated	1099:1106	arg1	removal					1112:1118	repeated dye removal	1099:1118	repeated dye removal	1099:1118	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	sites					240:244	sufficient sites	229:244	sufficient sites (NH2 and OH)	229:257	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	biocompatibility					186:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	NH2					247:249	NH2	247:249	NH2	247:249	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	ability					217:223	film-forming ability	204:223	film-forming ability	204:223	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	OH					255:256	OH	255:256	OH	255:256	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	abundance					170:178	resource abundance	161:178	resource abundance	161:178	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	59	theme	pollutants	301:310	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	3	60	theme	adsorption	667:676	arg1	capacity					678:685	appreciably high adsorption capacity	650:685	appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon)	650:852	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	0	61	dep	membrane	41:48	arg1	removal					78:84	dyes static and dynamic removal	54:84	dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution	54:106	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	2	62	with	membrane	423:430	arg1	surface					451:457	a sponge-like surface	437:457	a sponge-like surface	437:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	sites					240:244	sufficient sites	229:244	sufficient sites (NH2 and OH)	229:257	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	biocompatibility					186:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	good biocompatibility	181:201	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	characteristics					120:134	The unique characteristics	109:134	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants	109:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	ability					217:223	film-forming ability	204:223	film-forming ability	204:223	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	abundance					170:178	resource abundance	161:178	resource abundance	161:178	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	63	theme	Chitosan	139:146	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	5	64	theme	adsorption	1157:1166	arg1	cycles					1139:1144	5 cycles	1137:1144	5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1	1137:1199	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	3	65	theme	membrane	614:621	arg1	advantage					588:596	The most striking advantage	570:596	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane	570:621	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	4	66	theme	proposed	974:981	arg1	membrane					983:990	the proposed membrane	970:990	the proposed membrane	970:990	Besides, the synthesis protocol for the proposed membrane is also much simpler, environmental-friendly and economical.
28570878	1	67	theme	sufficient	229:238	arg1	sites					240:244	sufficient sites	229:244	sufficient sites (NH2 and OH)	229:257	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	67	theme	sufficient	229:238	arg1	OH					255:256	OH	255:256	OH	255:256	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	67	theme	sufficient	229:238	arg1	metals					283:288	heavy metals	277:288	heavy metals	277:288	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	67	theme	sufficient	229:238	arg1	NH2					247:249	NH2	247:249	NH2	247:249	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	1	67	theme	sufficient	229:238	arg1	pollutants					301:310	organic pollutants	293:310	organic pollutants	293:310	The unique characteristics of Chitosan (CS) such as resource abundance, good biocompatibility, film-forming ability and sufficient sites (NH2 and OH) for adsorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants make CS-based membranes a promising membrane adsorbent.
28570878	2	68	theme	porous	499:504	arg1	structure					506:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure	463:514	a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm	463:553	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	0	69	from	solution	99:106	arg1	removal					78:84	dyes static and dynamic removal	54:84	dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution	54:106	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	3	70	theme	available	827:835	arg1	carbon					846:851	the commercially available activate carbon	810:851	the commercially available activate carbon	810:851	The most striking advantage of the proposed membrane lies on the integration of appreciably high adsorption capacity (as compared with current CS-based membranes, also 2.5 times and 4 times higher than that of non-porous CS/HA membrane and the commercially available activate carbon) and the high-speed dynamic dye removal (98% or even better in less than 15min).
28570878	5	71	theme	dye	1171:1173	arg1	concentration					1175:1187	dye concentration	1171:1187	dye concentration	1171:1187	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	0	72	theme	dynamic	70:76	arg1	removal					78:84	dyes static and dynamic removal	54:84	dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution	54:106	Porous chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite membrane for dyes static and dynamic removal from aqueous solution.
28570878	5	73	theme	proposed	1067:1074	arg1	membrane					1076:1083	the proposed membrane	1063:1083	the proposed membrane	1063:1083	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
28570878	2	74	theme	CS/HA	416:420	arg1	membrane					423:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane	382:430	a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface	382:457	In this work, a porous Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CS/HA) membrane with a sponge-like surface and a three-dimensional interpenetrated porous structure of about mean pore size less than 10μm was developed.
28570878	5	75	theme	dye	1108:1110	arg1	removal					1112:1118	repeated dye removal	1099:1118	repeated dye removal	1099:1118	Moreover, the proposed membrane also featured repeated dye removal (above 80% after 5 cycles of dynamic adsorption at dye concentration of 150mgL-1).
23998956	3	0	theme	scanning	654:661	arg1	microscopy					672:681	scanning electron microscopy	654:681	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	654:687	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	0	theme	scanning	654:661	arg1	SEM					684:686	SEM	684:686	SEM	684:686	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	6	1	theme	drug	1170:1173	arg1	results					1188:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	3	2	theme	surface	488:494	arg1	morphology					496:505	surface morphology	488:505	surface morphology	488:505	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	5	3	theme	systemic	1134:1141	arg1	chemotherapy					1143:1154	the existing systemic chemotherapy	1121:1154	the existing systemic chemotherapy	1121:1154	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	1	4	theme	sodium	256:261	arg1	alginate					263:270	sodium alginate	256:270	sodium alginate (AL)	256:275	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	5	5	theme	resected	1020:1027	arg1	tumor					1040:1044	a resected colorectal tumor	1018:1044	a resected colorectal tumor	1018:1044	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	5	6	theme	intestinal	913:922	arg1	fluid					924:928	simulated intestinal fluid	903:928	simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C)	903:947	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	7	7	theme	nanocomposite	1403:1415	arg1	system					1456:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	7	7	theme	nanocomposite	1403:1415	arg1	beads					1417:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	6	8	dep	in	1161:1162	arg1	vitro					1164:1168	vitro	1164:1168	vitro	1164:1168	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	5	9	theme	colorectal	1029:1038	arg1	tumor					1040:1044	a resected colorectal tumor	1018:1044	a resected colorectal tumor	1018:1044	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	6	10	theme	in	1161:1162	arg1	results					1188:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	3	11	theme	composite	525:533	arg1	materials					535:543	the hybrid and composite materials	510:543	materials	535:543	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	4	12	theme	Irinotecan	690:699	arg1	efficiency					715:724	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency	690:724	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads	690:752	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	0	13	theme	irinotecan	104:113	arg1	release					93:99	in vitro release	84:99	in vitro release of irinotecan	84:113	Montmorillonite-alginate nanocomposite as a drug delivery system--incorporation and in vitro release of irinotecan.
23998956	0	13	theme	irinotecan	104:113	arg1	system--incorporation					58:78	a drug delivery system--incorporation	42:78	a drug delivery system--incorporation	42:78	Montmorillonite-alginate nanocomposite as a drug delivery system--incorporation and in vitro release of irinotecan.
23998956	5	14	theme	simulated	903:911	arg1	fluid					924:928	simulated intestinal fluid	903:928	simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C)	903:947	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	3	15	theme	materials	535:543	arg1	structure					474:482	structure	474:482	structure	474:482	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	15	theme	materials	535:543	arg1	morphology					496:505	surface morphology	488:505	surface morphology	488:505	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	6	16	theme	release	1385:1391	arg1	rate					1393:1396	the release rate	1381:1396	the release rate	1381:1396	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	4	17	from	efficiency	715:724	arg1	beads					748:752	alginate beads	739:752	alginate beads	739:752	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	4	17	from	efficiency	715:724	arg1	Mt					729:730	Mt	729:730	Mt	729:730	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	3	18	theme	hybrid	514:519	arg1	materials					535:543	the hybrid and composite materials	510:543	materials	535:543	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	19	theme	electron	663:670	arg1	microscopy					672:681	scanning electron microscopy	654:681	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	654:687	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	19	theme	electron	663:670	arg1	SEM					684:686	SEM	684:686	SEM	684:686	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	7	20	from	system	1456:1461	arg1	chemotherapy					1466:1477	chemotherapy	1466:1477	chemotherapy	1466:1477	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	5	21	theme	drug	1067:1070	arg1	delivery					1051:1058	the delivery	1047:1058	the delivery of the drug	1047:1070	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	1	22	dep	preparation	155:165	arg1	the					151:153	the	151:153	the	151:153	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	1	23	theme	irinotecan	191:200	arg1	beads					216:220	irinotecan nanocomposite beads	191:220	irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL)	191:275	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	3	24	theme	thermal	624:630	arg1	TG-DTA					642:647	TG-DTA	642:647	TG-DTA	642:647	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	24	theme	thermal	624:630	arg1	analysis					632:639	thermal analysis	624:639	thermal analysis (TG-DTA)	624:648	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	2	25	theme	irinotecan	301:310	arg1	incorporation					316:328	irinotecan (I) incorporation	301:328	irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt	301:336	After irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt, the resulting hybrid was compounded with alginate, and I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique.
23998956	6	26	theme	released	1361:1368	arg1	amount					1370:1375	the released amount	1357:1375	the released amount	1357:1375	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	1	27	theme	nanocomposite	202:214	arg1	beads					216:220	irinotecan nanocomposite beads	191:220	irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL)	191:275	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	4	28	theme	incorporation	701:713	arg1	efficiency					715:724	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency	690:724	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads	690:752	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	2	29	theme	I-Mt-AL	394:400	arg1	beads					416:420	I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads	394:420	I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads	394:420	After irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt, the resulting hybrid was compounded with alginate, and I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique.
23998956	2	30	theme	nanocomposite	402:414	arg1	beads					416:420	I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads	394:420	I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads	394:420	After irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt, the resulting hybrid was compounded with alginate, and I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique.
23998956	1	31	theme	drug	280:283	arg1	carriers					285:292	drug carriers	280:292	drug carriers	280:292	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	3	32	dep	structure	474:482	arg1	The					470:472	The	470:472	The	470:472	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	0	33	dep	in	84:85	arg1	vitro					87:91	vitro	87:91	vitro	87:91	Montmorillonite-alginate nanocomposite as a drug delivery system--incorporation and in vitro release of irinotecan.
23998956	0	34	theme	delivery	49:56	arg1	system--incorporation					58:78	a drug delivery system--incorporation	42:78	a drug delivery system--incorporation	42:78	Montmorillonite-alginate nanocomposite as a drug delivery system--incorporation and in vitro release of irinotecan.
23998956	2	35	theme	gelation	450:457	arg1	technique					459:467	ionotropic gelation technique	439:467	ionotropic gelation technique	439:467	After irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt, the resulting hybrid was compounded with alginate, and I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique.
23998956	5	36	theme	tumor	1040:1044	arg1	tumor					1040:1044	a resected colorectal tumor	1018:1044	a resected colorectal tumor	1018:1044	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	5	36	theme	tumor	1040:1044	arg1	site					1010:1013	the site	1006:1013	the site of a resected colorectal tumor	1006:1044	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	0	37	theme	drug	44:47	arg1	system--incorporation					58:78	a drug delivery system--incorporation	42:78	a drug delivery system--incorporation	42:78	Montmorillonite-alginate nanocomposite as a drug delivery system--incorporation and in vitro release of irinotecan.
23998956	4	38	dep	determined	758:767	arg1	both					769:772	both	769:772	both	769:772	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	2	39	theme	ionotropic	439:448	arg1	technique					459:467	ionotropic gelation technique	439:467	ionotropic gelation technique	439:467	After irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt, the resulting hybrid was compounded with alginate, and I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique.
23998956	7	40	theme	delivery	1447:1454	arg1	system					1456:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	7	40	theme	delivery	1447:1454	arg1	beads					1417:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	4	41	theme	UV-vis	777:782	arg1	spectroscopy					784:795	UV-vis spectroscopy	777:795	UV-vis spectroscopy	777:795	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	4	42	theme	thermal	801:807	arg1	analysis					809:816	thermal analysis	801:816	thermal analysis	801:816	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	5	43	theme	hybrid	848:853	arg1	materials					869:877	The hybrid and composite materials	844:877	materials	869:877	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	7	44	theme	promising	1432:1440	arg1	system					1456:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	7	44	theme	promising	1432:1440	arg1	beads					1417:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	3	45	theme	X-ray	574:578	arg1	diffraction					580:590	X-ray diffraction	574:590	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	574:596	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	45	theme	X-ray	574:578	arg1	XRD					593:595	XRD	593:595	XRD	593:595	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	5	46	dep	fluid	924:928	arg1	°C					945:946	at 37 °C	939:946	at 37 °C	939:946	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	5	46	dep	fluid	924:928	arg1	pH					931:932	pH 7.4	931:936	pH 7.4	931:936	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	7	47	theme	drug	1442:1445	arg1	system					1456:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	a promising drug delivery system	1430:1461	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	7	47	theme	drug	1442:1445	arg1	beads					1417:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads	1399:1421	The nanocomposite beads may be a promising drug delivery system in chemotherapy.
23998956	6	48	theme	test	1183:1186	arg1	results					1188:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	4	49	theme	alginate	739:746	arg1	beads					748:752	alginate beads	739:752	alginate beads	739:752	Irinotecan incorporation efficiency in Mt and in alginate beads was determined both by UV-vis spectroscopy and thermal analysis and was found to be high.
23998956	1	50	theme	present	133:139	arg1	study					141:145	the present study	129:145	the present study	129:145	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	6	51	theme	release	1175:1181	arg1	results					1188:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results	1157:1194	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	3	52	theme	IR	599:600	arg1	FT-IR					616:620	FT-IR	616:620	FT-IR	616:620	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	3	52	theme	IR	599:600	arg1	spectroscopy					602:613	IR spectroscopy	599:613	IR spectroscopy (FT-IR)	599:621	The structure and surface morphology of the hybrid and composite materials were established by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
23998956	1	53	theme	study	141:145	arg1	preparation					155:165	preparation	155:165	preparation	155:165	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	1	53	theme	study	141:145	arg1	scope					120:124	The scope	116:124	The scope of the present study	116:145	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	5	54	theme	composite	859:867	arg1	materials					869:877	The hybrid and composite materials	844:877	materials	869:877	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
23998956	1	55	dep	alginate	263:270	arg1	AL					273:274	AL	273:274	AL	273:274	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	1	56	theme	beads	216:220	arg1	characterization					171:186	characterization	171:186	characterization	171:186	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	1	56	theme	beads	216:220	arg1	preparation					155:165	preparation	155:165	preparation	155:165	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	1	56	theme	beads	216:220	arg1	scope					120:124	The scope	116:124	The scope of the present study	116:145	The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of irinotecan nanocomposite beads based on montmorillonite (Mt) and sodium alginate (AL) as drug carriers.
23998956	2	57	theme	resulting	343:351	arg1	hybrid					353:358	the resulting hybrid	339:358	the resulting hybrid	339:358	After irinotecan (I) incorporation into Mt, the resulting hybrid was compounded with alginate, and I-Mt-AL nanocomposite beads were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique.
23998956	6	58	theme	burst	1327:1331	arg1	effect					1333:1338	any burst effect	1323:1338	any burst effect	1323:1338	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	0	59	theme	in	84:85	arg1	release					93:99	in vitro release	84:99	in vitro release of irinotecan	84:113	Montmorillonite-alginate nanocomposite as a drug delivery system--incorporation and in vitro release of irinotecan.
23998956	6	60	theme	irinotecan	1280:1289	arg1	release					1269:1275	the release	1265:1275	the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate	1265:1396	The in vitro drug release test results clearly suggested that Mt, and Mt along with AL were able to control the release of irinotecan by making it sustained, without any burst effect, and by reducing the released amount and the release rate.
23998956	5	61	theme	existing	1125:1132	arg1	chemotherapy					1143:1154	the existing systemic chemotherapy	1121:1154	the existing systemic chemotherapy	1121:1154	The hybrid and composite materials were tested in vitro in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4, at 37 °C) in order to establish if upon administering the beads at the site of a resected colorectal tumor, the delivery of the drug is sustained and can represent an alternative to the existing systemic chemotherapy.
25557319	7	0	theme	2.1	1159:1161	arg1	±					1157:1157	±	1157:1157	±	1157:1157	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	8	1	theme	first	1353:1357	arg1	this					1341:1344	this	1341:1344	this	1341:1344	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	8	1	theme	first	1353:1357	arg1	report					1359:1364	the first report	1349:1364	the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1349:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	5	2	theme	organic-aqueous	843:857	arg1	system					868:873	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	840:873	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	840:873	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	1	3	theme	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	CLEAs					277:281	CLEAs	277:281	CLEAs	277:281	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	1	3	theme	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	aggregates					265:274	its cross-linked enzyme aggregates	241:274	its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs)	241:282	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	5	4	theme	±	765:765	arg1	%					770:770	59.4 ± 1.5%	760:770	59.4 ± 1.5%	760:770	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	9	5	theme	low	1592:1594	arg1	cost					1596:1599	low cost	1592:1599	low cost	1592:1599	The study not only further expands the application scope of CLEA, but also provides a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost.
25557319	0	6	link	cross-linked	24:35	arg1	enzyme					37:42	the cross-linked enzyme	20:42	the cross-linked enzyme	20:42	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	5	7	theme	biphasic	859:866	arg1	system					868:873	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	840:873	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	840:873	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	1	8	theme	enzyme	258:263	arg1	CLEAs					277:281	CLEAs	277:281	CLEAs	277:281	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	1	8	theme	enzyme	258:263	arg1	aggregates					265:274	its cross-linked enzyme aggregates	241:274	its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs)	241:282	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	5	9	theme	higher	729:734	arg1	yield					740:744	higher GOS yield	729:744	higher GOS yield	729:744	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	7	10	theme	±	1242:1242	arg1	%					1247:1247	52.3 ± 0.3%	1237:1247	52.3 ± 0.3%	1237:1247	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	7	10	theme	±	1242:1242	arg1	yield					1208:1212	the GOS yield	1200:1212	the GOS yield of the tenth batch	1200:1231	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	8	11	from	β-galactosidase	1402:1416	arg1	system					1449:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	8	12	theme	organic-aqueous	1424:1438	arg1	system					1449:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	6	13	theme	free	941:944	arg1	enzyme					946:951	the free enzyme	937:951	the free enzyme	937:951	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	0	14	theme	potential	85:93	arg1	catalyst					95:102	a potential catalyst	83:102	a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides	83:148	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	0	14	theme	potential	85:93	arg1	β-galactosidase					66:80	a novel β-galactosidase	58:80	a novel β-galactosidase	58:80	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	1	15	link	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	CLEAs					277:281	CLEAs	277:281	CLEAs	277:281	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	1	15	link	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	aggregates					265:274	its cross-linked enzyme aggregates	241:274	its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs)	241:282	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	6	16	theme	polymerization	1069:1082	arg1	degree					1059:1064	the degree	1055:1064	the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9	1055:1111	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	8	17	theme	GOS	1373:1375	arg1	synthesis					1377:1385	the GOS synthesis	1369:1385	the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1369:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	5	18	theme	±	829:829	arg1	%					834:834	57.1 ± 1.7%	824:834	57.1 ± 1.7%	824:834	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	5	18	theme	±	829:829	arg1	counterpart					811:821	the free counterpart	802:821	the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	802:873	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	6	19	contain	contained	998:1006	arg2	oligosaccharides					1033:1048	at least seven different oligosaccharides	1008:1048	at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9	1008:1111	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	6	19	contain	contained	998:1006	arg1	they					988:991	they	988:991	they	988:991	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	8	20	from	system	1449:1454	arg1	CLEAs					1393:1397	CLEAs	1393:1397	CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1393:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	8	21	from	CLEAs	1393:1397	arg1	system					1449:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	2	22	theme	free	384:387	arg1	enzyme					389:394	the free enzyme	380:394	the free enzyme	380:394	The enzymatic properties of Bgal1-3-CLEAs were studied and compared with that of the free enzyme.
25557319	3	23	dep	thermostability	401:415	arg1	The					397:399	The	397:399	The	397:399	The thermostability and storage stability of Bgal1-3 were significantly improved after it was immobilized as CLEAs.
25557319	3	23	dep	thermostability	401:415	arg1	stability					429:437	stability	429:437	stability	429:437	The thermostability and storage stability of Bgal1-3 were significantly improved after it was immobilized as CLEAs.
25557319	7	24	theme	reuse	1193:1197	arg1	cycles					1183:1188	ten cycles	1179:1188	ten cycles of reuse	1179:1197	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	7	25	theme	most	1290:1293	arg1	reports					1302:1308	the most former reports	1286:1308	the most former reports	1286:1308	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	9	26	with	synthesis	1570:1578	arg1	cost					1596:1599	low cost	1592:1599	low cost	1592:1599	The study not only further expands the application scope of CLEA, but also provides a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost.
25557319	7	27	dep	activity	1164:1171	arg1	%					1162:1162	%	1162:1162	%	1162:1162	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	8	28	theme	β-galactosidase	1402:1416	arg1	CLEAs					1393:1397	CLEAs	1393:1397	CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1393:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	2	29	theme	enzymatic	303:311	arg1	properties					313:322	The enzymatic properties	299:322	The enzymatic properties of Bgal1-3-CLEAs	299:339	The enzymatic properties of Bgal1-3-CLEAs were studied and compared with that of the free enzyme.
25557319	0	30	theme	cross-linked	24:35	arg1	enzyme					37:42	the cross-linked enzyme	20:42	the cross-linked enzyme	20:42	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	6	31	theme	different	1023:1031	arg1	oligosaccharides					1033:1048	at least seven different oligosaccharides	1008:1048	at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9	1008:1111	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	9	32	theme	potential	1543:1551	arg1	catalyst					1553:1560	a potential catalyst	1541:1560	a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost	1541:1599	The study not only further expands the application scope of CLEA, but also provides a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost.
25557319	5	33	theme	free	806:809	arg1	%					834:834	57.1 ± 1.7%	824:834	57.1 ± 1.7%	824:834	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	5	33	theme	free	806:809	arg1	counterpart					811:821	the free counterpart	802:821	the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	802:873	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	7	34	theme	former	1295:1300	arg1	reports					1302:1308	the most former reports	1286:1308	the most former reports	1286:1308	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	6	35	theme	syrups	915:920	arg1	composition					896:906	composition	896:906	composition	896:906	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	6	35	theme	syrups	915:920	arg1	content					884:890	GOS content	880:890	GOS content	880:890	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	7	36	dep	%	1162:1162	arg1	±					1157:1157	±	1157:1157	±	1157:1157	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	7	37	theme	batch	1227:1231	arg1	%					1247:1247	52.3 ± 0.3%	1237:1247	52.3 ± 0.3%	1237:1247	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	7	37	theme	batch	1227:1231	arg1	yield					1208:1212	the GOS yield	1200:1212	the GOS yield of the tenth batch	1200:1231	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	5	38	theme	GOS	736:738	arg1	yield					740:744	higher GOS yield	729:744	higher GOS yield	729:744	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	5	39	dep	achieved	750:757	arg1	%					770:770	59.4 ± 1.5%	760:770	59.4 ± 1.5%	760:770	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	6	40	dep	content	884:890	arg1	The					876:878	The	876:878	The	876:878	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	1	41	theme	marine	205:210	arg1	library					224:230	a marine metagenomic library	203:230	a marine metagenomic library	203:230	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	0	42	theme	enzyme	37:42	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme	0:42	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	8	43	theme	biphasic	1440:1447	arg1	system					1449:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1421:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	0	44	theme	galacto-oligosaccharides	125:148	arg1	synthesis					112:120	the synthesis	108:120	the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides	108:148	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	1	45	attach	isolated	189:196	arg2	Bgal1-3					176:182	Bgal1-3	176:182	Bgal1-3	176:182	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	1	45	attach	isolated	189:196	arg1	library					224:230	a marine metagenomic library	203:230	a marine metagenomic library	203:230	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	1	45	attach	isolated	189:196	arg2	β-galactosidase					159:173	A novel β-galactosidase	151:173	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3)	151:183	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	8	46	from	report	1359:1364	arg1	synthesis					1377:1385	the GOS synthesis	1369:1385	the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system	1369:1454	To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the GOS synthesis using CLEAs of β-galactosidase in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	1	47	theme	metagenomic	212:222	arg1	library					224:230	a marine metagenomic library	203:230	a marine metagenomic library	203:230	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	7	48	theme	82.1	1152:1155	arg1	±					1157:1157	±	1157:1157	±	1157:1157	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	7	49	theme	GOS	1204:1206	arg1	%					1247:1247	52.3 ± 0.3%	1237:1247	52.3 ± 0.3%	1237:1247	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	7	49	theme	GOS	1204:1206	arg1	yield					1208:1212	the GOS yield	1200:1212	the GOS yield of the tenth batch	1200:1231	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	6	50	with	oligosaccharides	1033:1048	arg1	degree					1059:1064	the degree	1055:1064	the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9	1055:1111	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	4	51	theme	enzyme	544:549	arg1	galactose-tolerance					517:535	The galactose-tolerance	513:535	The galactose-tolerance of the enzyme	513:549	The galactose-tolerance of the enzyme was also enhanced after the immobilization, which could relieve the inhibitory effect and then tends to be beneficial for the galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) synthesis.
25557319	9	52	theme	GOS	1583:1585	arg1	synthesis					1570:1578	the synthesis	1566:1578	the synthesis of GOS with low cost	1566:1599	The study not only further expands the application scope of CLEA, but also provides a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost.
25557319	5	53	from	counterpart	811:821	arg1	system					868:873	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	840:873	an organic-aqueous biphasic system	840:873	Moreover, higher GOS yield was achieved (59.4 ± 1.5%) by Bgal1-3-CLEAs compared to the free counterpart (57.1 ± 1.7%) in an organic-aqueous biphasic system.
25557319	2	54	theme	Bgal1-3-CLEAs	327:339	arg1	properties					313:322	The enzymatic properties	299:322	The enzymatic properties of Bgal1-3-CLEAs	299:339	The enzymatic properties of Bgal1-3-CLEAs were studied and compared with that of the free enzyme.
25557319	1	55	theme	novel	153:157	arg1	Bgal1-3					176:182	Bgal1-3	176:182	Bgal1-3	176:182	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	1	55	theme	novel	153:157	arg1	β-galactosidase					159:173	A novel β-galactosidase	151:173	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3)	151:183	A novel β-galactosidase (Bgal1-3) was isolated from a marine metagenomic library and then its cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) were prepared.
25557319	9	56	theme	CLEA	1517:1520	arg1	scope					1508:1512	the application scope	1492:1512	the application scope of CLEA	1492:1520	The study not only further expands the application scope of CLEA, but also provides a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost.
25557319	7	57	theme	tenth	1221:1225	arg1	batch					1227:1231	the tenth batch	1217:1231	the tenth batch	1217:1231	Furthermore, Bgal1-3-CLEAs maintained 82.1 ± 2.1% activity after ten cycles of reuse; the GOS yield of the tenth batch was 52.3 ± 0.3%, which was still higher than that of the most former reports.
25557319	3	58	theme	Bgal1-3	442:448	arg1	storage					421:427	storage	421:427	storage	421:427	The thermostability and storage stability of Bgal1-3 were significantly improved after it was immobilized as CLEAs.
25557319	3	58	theme	Bgal1-3	442:448	arg1	thermostability					401:415	thermostability	401:415	thermostability	401:415	The thermostability and storage stability of Bgal1-3 were significantly improved after it was immobilized as CLEAs.
25557319	0	59	theme	novel	60:64	arg1	catalyst					95:102	a potential catalyst	83:102	a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides	83:148	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	0	59	theme	novel	60:64	arg1	β-galactosidase					66:80	a novel β-galactosidase	58:80	a novel β-galactosidase	58:80	Characterization of the cross-linked enzyme aggregates of a novel β-galactosidase, a potential catalyst for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides.
25557319	6	60	theme	GOS	880:882	arg1	content					884:890	GOS content	880:890	GOS content	880:890	The GOS content and composition of the syrups synthesized by the free enzyme and Bgal1-3-CLEAs were similar and they both contained at least seven different oligosaccharides with the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging between 3 and 9.
25557319	9	61	theme	application	1496:1506	arg1	scope					1508:1512	the application scope	1492:1512	the application scope of CLEA	1492:1520	The study not only further expands the application scope of CLEA, but also provides a potential catalyst for the synthesis of GOS with low cost.
25557319	4	62	theme	galacto-oligosaccharides	677:700	arg1	synthesis					708:716	the galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) synthesis	673:716	the galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) synthesis	673:716	The galactose-tolerance of the enzyme was also enhanced after the immobilization, which could relieve the inhibitory effect and then tends to be beneficial for the galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) synthesis.
25557319	4	63	theme	inhibitory	619:628	arg1	effect					630:635	the inhibitory effect	615:635	the inhibitory effect	615:635	The galactose-tolerance of the enzyme was also enhanced after the immobilization, which could relieve the inhibitory effect and then tends to be beneficial for the galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) synthesis.
25293649	1	0	theme	sensors	162:168	arg1	development					108:118	The rapid development	98:118	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors	98:168	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	5	1	theme	oxide/cellulose	951:965	arg1	composite					975:983	the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite	938:983	the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite	938:983	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	2	theme	optoelectronic	1190:1203	arg1	devices					1213:1219	optoelectronic sensing devices	1190:1219	optoelectronic sensing devices	1190:1219	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	3	3	theme	filled	533:538	arg1	nanocrystals					550:561	modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals	509:561	modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	509:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	4	from	patterns	579:586	arg1	spraying					497:504	layer-by-layer spraying	482:504	layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	482:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	4	from	patterns	579:586	arg1	substrates					628:637	polymer substrates	620:637	polymer substrates	620:637	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	5	theme	approaching	686:696	arg1	objects					698:704	approaching objects	686:704	approaching objects	686:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	5	6	theme	sensors	1053:1059	arg1	integration					1110:1120	the integration	1106:1120	the integration	1106:1120	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	6	theme	sensors	1053:1059	arg1	development					1028:1038	the development	1024:1038	the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices	1024:1219	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	2	7	theme	controlled	358:367	arg1	sensibility					369:379	controlled sensibility	358:379	controlled sensibility	358:379	Other than sensors that detect physical touch or are based on pressure sensing, proximity sensors offer controlled sensibility without physical contact.
25293649	5	8	theme	composite	975:983	arg1	nanostructure					1003:1015	its excellent nanostructure	989:1015	its excellent nanostructure	989:1015	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	8	theme	composite	975:983	arg1	reduction					925:933	reduction	925:933	reduction	925:933	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	8	theme	composite	975:983	arg1	modification					908:919	chemical modification	899:919	chemical modification	899:919	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	3	9	theme	modified	509:516	arg1	oxide					527:531	modified graphene oxide	509:531	modified graphene oxide	509:531	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	10	from	nanocrystals	550:561	arg1	patterns					579:586	lithographic patterns	566:586	lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	566:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	2	11	theme	physical	285:292	arg1	touch					294:298	physical touch	285:298	physical touch	285:298	Other than sensors that detect physical touch or are based on pressure sensing, proximity sensors offer controlled sensibility without physical contact.
25293649	5	12	theme	crystal	967:973	arg1	composite					975:983	the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite	938:983	the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite	938:983	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	4	13	theme	Stable	707:712	arg1	signals					731:737	Stable and reproducible signals	707:737	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor	707:802	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	5	14	theme	technological	1158:1170	arg1	issues					1172:1177	the technological issues	1154:1177	the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices	1154:1219	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	3	15	from	spraying	497:504	arg1	patterns					579:586	lithographic patterns	566:586	lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	566:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	16	theme	lithographic	566:577	arg1	patterns					579:586	lithographic patterns	566:586	lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	566:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	17	theme	eco-friendly	449:460	arg1	sensor					462:467	a transparent and eco-friendly sensor	431:467	a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	431:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	5	18	with	sensors	1053:1059	arg1	response					1073:1080	faster response	1066:1080	faster response	1066:1080	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	18	with	sensors	1053:1059	arg1	sensitivity					1093:1103	higher sensitivity	1086:1103	higher sensitivity	1086:1103	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	4	19	theme	layers	887:892	arg1	temperature					835:845	temperature	835:845	temperature	835:845	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	4	19	theme	layers	887:892	arg1	humidity					825:832	humidity	825:832	humidity	825:832	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	4	19	theme	layers	887:892	arg1	distance					856:863	distance	856:863	distance	856:863	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	4	19	theme	layers	887:892	arg1	number					869:874	number	869:874	number	869:874	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	2	20	theme	pressure	316:323	arg1	sensing					325:331	pressure sensing	316:331	pressure sensing	316:331	Other than sensors that detect physical touch or are based on pressure sensing, proximity sensors offer controlled sensibility without physical contact.
25293649	4	21	theme	reproducible	718:729	arg1	signals					731:737	Stable and reproducible signals	707:737	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor	707:802	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	4	22	theme	sprayed	879:885	arg1	layers					887:892	sprayed layers	879:892	sprayed layers	879:892	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	3	23	theme	polymer	620:626	arg1	substrates					628:637	polymer substrates	620:637	polymer substrates	620:637	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	24	from	substrates	628:637	arg1	patterns					579:586	lithographic patterns	566:586	lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	566:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	2	25	theme	physical	389:396	arg1	contact					398:404	physical contact	389:404	physical contact	389:404	Other than sensors that detect physical touch or are based on pressure sensing, proximity sensors offer controlled sensibility without physical contact.
25293649	3	26	theme	interdigitated	591:604	arg1	electrodes					606:615	interdigitated electrodes	591:615	interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	591:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	1	27	theme	reliable	204:211	arg1	devices					245:251	reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	204:251	reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	204:251	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	1	28	theme	rapid	102:106	arg1	development					108:118	The rapid development	98:118	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors	98:168	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	3	29	attach	present	423:429	arg1	work					415:418	this work	410:418	this work	410:418	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	29	attach	present	423:429	arg2	we					420:421	we	420:421	we	420:421	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	30	theme	electrodes	606:615	arg1	patterns					579:586	lithographic patterns	566:586	lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	566:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	31	theme	layer-by-layer	482:495	arg1	spraying					497:504	layer-by-layer spraying	482:504	layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	482:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	0	32	theme	graphene	55:62	arg1	film					70:73	graphene oxide film	55:73	graphene oxide film for proximity sensing	55:95	Transparent and flexible cellulose nanocrystal/reduced graphene oxide film for proximity sensing.
25293649	2	33	theme	proximity	334:342	arg1	sensors					344:350	proximity sensors	334:350	proximity sensors	334:350	Other than sensors that detect physical touch or are based on pressure sensing, proximity sensors offer controlled sensibility without physical contact.
25293649	3	34	theme	objects	698:704	arg1	location					674:681	the precise location	662:681	the precise location of approaching objects	662:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	35	theme	transparent	433:443	arg1	sensor					462:467	a transparent and eco-friendly sensor	431:467	a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	431:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	1	36	theme	convenient	214:223	arg1	devices					245:251	reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	204:251	reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	204:251	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	5	37	theme	chemical	899:906	arg1	modification					908:919	chemical modification	899:919	chemical modification	899:919	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	38	dep	modification	908:919	arg1	The					895:897	The	895:897	The	895:897	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	39	theme	higher	1086:1091	arg1	sensitivity					1093:1103	higher sensitivity	1086:1103	higher sensitivity	1086:1103	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	1	40	theme	touch	123:127	arg1	screens					129:135	touch screens	123:135	touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors	123:168	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	0	41	theme	oxide	64:68	arg1	film					70:73	graphene oxide film	55:73	graphene oxide film for proximity sensing	55:95	Transparent and flexible cellulose nanocrystal/reduced graphene oxide film for proximity sensing.
25293649	4	42	dep	distance	856:863	arg1	the					852:854	the	852:854	the	852:854	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	3	43	dep	filled	533:538	arg1	oxide					527:531	modified graphene oxide	509:531	modified graphene oxide	509:531	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	1	44	theme	screens	129:135	arg1	development					108:118	The rapid development	98:118	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors	98:168	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	5	45	theme	faster	1066:1071	arg1	response					1073:1080	faster response	1066:1080	faster response	1066:1080	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	46	theme	excellent	993:1001	arg1	nanostructure					1003:1015	its excellent nanostructure	989:1015	its excellent nanostructure	989:1015	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	5	47	theme	proximity	1043:1051	arg1	sensors					1053:1059	proximity sensors	1043:1059	proximity sensors	1043:1059	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	4	48	theme	close	774:778	arg1	proximity					780:788	close proximity	774:788	close proximity to the sensor	774:802	Stable and reproducible signals generated by keeping the finger in close proximity to the sensor can be controlled by humidity, temperature, and the distance and number of sprayed layers.
25293649	3	49	from	electrodes	606:615	arg1	substrates					628:637	polymer substrates	620:637	polymer substrates	620:637	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	5	50	theme	graphene	942:949	arg1	composite					975:983	the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite	938:983	the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite	938:983	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	3	51	theme	precise	666:672	arg1	location					674:681	the precise location	662:681	the precise location of approaching objects	662:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	1	52	theme	photoelectric	148:160	arg1	sensors					162:168	photoelectric sensors	148:168	touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors	123:168	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	1	53	theme	human-friendly	230:243	arg1	devices					245:251	reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	204:251	reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	204:251	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	0	54	theme	proximity	79:87	arg1	sensing					89:95	proximity sensing	79:95	proximity sensing	79:95	Transparent and flexible cellulose nanocrystal/reduced graphene oxide film for proximity sensing.
25293649	5	55	theme	sensing	1205:1211	arg1	devices					1213:1219	optoelectronic sensing devices	1190:1219	optoelectronic sensing devices	1190:1219	The chemical modification and reduction of the graphene oxide/cellulose crystal composite and its excellent nanostructure enable the development of proximity sensors with faster response and higher sensitivity, the integration of which resolves nearly all of the technological issues imposed on optoelectronic sensing devices.
25293649	3	56	theme	cellulose	540:548	arg1	nanocrystals					550:561	modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals	509:561	modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	509:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	1	57	theme	devices	245:251	arg1	fabrication					189:199	the fabrication	185:199	the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices	185:251	The rapid development of touch screens as well as photoelectric sensors has stimulated the fabrication of reliable, convenient, and human-friendly devices.
25293649	0	58	theme	flexible	16:23	arg1	cellulose					25:33	flexible cellulose	16:33	flexible cellulose	16:33	Transparent and flexible cellulose nanocrystal/reduced graphene oxide film for proximity sensing.
25293649	3	59	theme	nanocrystals	550:561	arg1	spraying					497:504	layer-by-layer spraying	482:504	layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects	482:704	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
25293649	3	60	theme	graphene	518:525	arg1	oxide					527:531	modified graphene oxide	509:531	modified graphene oxide	509:531	In this work we present a transparent and eco-friendly sensor made through layer-by-layer spraying of modified graphene oxide filled cellulose nanocrystals on lithographic patterns of interdigitated electrodes on polymer substrates, which help to realize the precise location of approaching objects.
24833253	4	0	theme	db/db	827:831	arg1	model					839:843	the db/db mouse model	823:843	the db/db mouse model	823:843	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	2	1	theme	irregular	351:359	arg1	morphology					368:377	irregular fibril morphology	351:377	irregular fibril morphology	351:377	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	0	2	theme	mouse	82:86	arg1	tendons					88:94	multiple mouse tendons	73:94	multiple mouse tendons	73:94	Diabetes alters mechanical properties and collagen fiber re-alignment in multiple mouse tendons.
24833253	8	3	theme	dynamic	1404:1410	arg1	response					1412:1419	the dynamic response	1400:1419	the dynamic response to load	1400:1427	Overall, type II diabetes alters tendon mechanical properties and the dynamic response to load.
24833253	3	4	theme	type	486:489	arg1	diabetes					494:501	type II diabetes	486:501	type II diabetes	486:501	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	7	5	theme	collagen	1282:1289	arg1	content					1291:1297	decreased collagen content	1272:1297	decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon	1272:1331	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	4	6	from	biochemistry	728:739	arg1	tendons					773:779	three functionally different tendons	744:779	three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar)	744:815	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	3	7	theme	diabetic	508:515	arg1	skin					517:520	the diabetic skin	504:520	the diabetic skin	504:520	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	2	8	from	alterations	308:318	arg1	structure					332:340	collagen structure	323:340	collagen structure	323:340	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	7	9	theme	tendon	1326:1331	arg1	midsubstance					1306:1317	the midsubstance	1302:1317	the midsubstance of the tendon	1302:1331	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	4	10	theme	mouse	833:837	arg1	model					839:843	the db/db mouse model	823:843	the db/db mouse model	823:843	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	6	11	theme	fiber	1034:1038	arg1	re-alignment					1040:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	6	11	theme	fiber	1034:1038	arg1	strain					1017:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	3	12	theme	db/db	465:469	arg1	model					477:481	the db/db mouse model	461:481	the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes	461:501	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	4	13	theme	diabetes	669:676	arg1	effect					659:664	the effect	655:664	the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar)	655:815	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	2	14	theme	type	281:284	arg1	diabetes					289:296	type II diabetes	281:296	type II diabetes	281:296	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	1	15	theme	complex	165:171	arg1	composition					173:183	complex composition	165:183	complex composition	165:183	Tendons function to transfer load from muscle to bone through their complex composition and hierarchical structure, consisting mainly of type I collagen.
24833253	4	16	from	re-alignment	710:721	arg1	tendons					773:779	three functionally different tendons	744:779	three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar)	744:815	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	6	17	theme	collagen	1025:1032	arg1	re-alignment					1040:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	6	17	theme	collagen	1025:1032	arg1	strain					1017:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	7	18	theme	fiber	1249:1253	arg1	re-alignment					1255:1266	fiber re-alignment	1249:1266	fiber re-alignment	1249:1266	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	3	19	theme	diabetes	494:501	arg1	model					477:481	the db/db mouse model	461:481	the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes	461:501	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	1	20	from	muscle	136:141	arg1	load					126:129	load	126:129	load from muscle to bone	126:149	Tendons function to transfer load from muscle to bone through their complex composition and hierarchical structure, consisting mainly of type I collagen.
24833253	4	21	theme	collagen	695:702	arg1	re-alignment					710:721	collagen fiber re-alignment	695:721	collagen fiber re-alignment	695:721	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	6	22	theme	transition	1006:1015	arg1	re-alignment					1040:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	6	22	theme	transition	1006:1015	arg1	strain					1017:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	2	23	theme	mechanical	423:432	arg1	function					434:441	the mechanical function	419:441	the mechanical function of tendons	419:452	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	7	24	from	content	1291:1297	arg1	re-alignment					1255:1266	fiber re-alignment	1249:1266	fiber re-alignment	1249:1266	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	1	25	theme	hierarchical	189:200	arg1	structure					202:210	hierarchical structure	189:210	hierarchical structure	189:210	Tendons function to transfer load from muscle to bone through their complex composition and hierarchical structure, consisting mainly of type I collagen.
24833253	7	26	from	midsubstance	1306:1317	arg1	changes					1238:1244	no changes	1235:1244	no changes in fiber re-alignment	1235:1266	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	7	26	from	midsubstance	1306:1317	arg1	content					1291:1297	decreased collagen content	1272:1297	decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon	1272:1331	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	0	27	theme	mechanical	16:25	arg1	properties					27:36	mechanical properties	16:36	mechanical properties	16:36	Diabetes alters mechanical properties and collagen fiber re-alignment in multiple mouse tendons.
24833253	3	28	contain	have	535:538	arg1	skin					517:520	the diabetic skin	504:520	the diabetic skin	504:520	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	3	28	contain	have	535:538	arg2	properties					563:572	impaired biomechanical properties	540:572	impaired biomechanical properties	540:572	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	6	29	dep	load	1000:1003	arg1	re-alignment					1040:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	collagen fiber re-alignment	1025:1051	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	6	29	dep	load	1000:1003	arg1	strain					1017:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	transition strain	1006:1022	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	4	30	theme	fiber	704:708	arg1	re-alignment					710:721	collagen fiber re-alignment	695:721	collagen fiber re-alignment	695:721	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	0	31	theme	collagen	42:49	arg1	re-alignment					57:68	collagen fiber re-alignment	42:68	collagen fiber re-alignment	42:68	Diabetes alters mechanical properties and collagen fiber re-alignment in multiple mouse tendons.
24833253	4	32	theme	study	635:639	arg1	purpose					619:625	The purpose	615:625	The purpose of this study	615:639	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	4	33	dep	tendons	773:779	arg1	Achilles					782:789	Achilles	782:789	Achilles	782:789	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	4	33	dep	tendons	773:779	arg1	patellar					807:814	patellar	807:814	patellar	807:814	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	4	33	dep	tendons	773:779	arg1	supraspinatus					792:804	supraspinatus	792:804	supraspinatus	792:804	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	8	34	theme	mechanical	1374:1383	arg1	properties					1385:1394	tendon mechanical properties	1367:1394	tendon mechanical properties	1367:1394	Overall, type II diabetes alters tendon mechanical properties and the dynamic response to load.
24833253	6	35	theme	tendon	981:986	arg1	response					988:995	the tendon response	977:995	the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment)	977:1052	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	2	36	theme	tendons	446:452	arg1	function					434:441	the mechanical function	419:441	the mechanical function of tendons	419:452	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	8	37	theme	tendon	1367:1372	arg1	properties					1385:1394	tendon mechanical properties	1367:1394	tendon mechanical properties	1367:1394	Overall, type II diabetes alters tendon mechanical properties and the dynamic response to load.
24833253	3	38	theme	impaired	540:547	arg1	properties					563:572	impaired biomechanical properties	540:572	impaired biomechanical properties	540:572	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	3	39	theme	mouse	471:475	arg1	model					477:481	the db/db mouse model	461:481	the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes	461:501	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	0	40	theme	fiber	51:55	arg1	re-alignment					57:68	collagen fiber re-alignment	42:68	collagen fiber re-alignment	42:68	Diabetes alters mechanical properties and collagen fiber re-alignment in multiple mouse tendons.
24833253	3	41	theme	biomechanical	549:561	arg1	properties					563:572	impaired biomechanical properties	540:572	impaired biomechanical properties	540:572	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	7	42	theme	other	1211:1215	arg1	tendons					1221:1227	the other two tendons	1207:1227	the other two tendons	1207:1227	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	4	43	from	biomechanics	681:692	arg1	tendons					773:779	three functionally different tendons	744:779	three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar)	744:815	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	8	44	theme	type	1343:1346	arg1	diabetes					1351:1358	type II diabetes	1343:1358	type II diabetes	1343:1358	Overall, type II diabetes alters tendon mechanical properties and the dynamic response to load.
24833253	7	45	theme	decreased	1272:1280	arg1	content					1291:1297	decreased collagen content	1272:1297	decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon	1272:1331	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	5	46	theme	cross-sectional	866:880	arg1	area					882:885	cross-sectional area	866:885	cross-sectional area	866:885	Results showed that cross-sectional area and stiffness, but not modulus, were significantly reduced in all three tendons.
24833253	3	47	theme	non-diabetic	595:606	arg1	group					608:612	the non-diabetic group	591:612	the non-diabetic group	591:612	Using the db/db mouse model of type II diabetes, the diabetic skin was found to have impaired biomechanical properties when compared to the non-diabetic group.
24833253	7	48	contain	had	1154:1156	arg2	response					1169:1176	an altered response	1158:1176	an altered response to diabetes	1158:1188	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	7	48	contain	had	1154:1156	arg1	tendon					1147:1152	the patellar tendon	1134:1152	the patellar tendon	1134:1152	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	2	49	theme	collagen	323:330	arg1	structure					332:340	collagen structure	323:340	collagen structure	323:340	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	1	50	theme	type	234:237	arg1	collagen					241:248	type I collagen	234:248	type I collagen	234:248	Tendons function to transfer load from muscle to bone through their complex composition and hierarchical structure, consisting mainly of type I collagen.
24833253	0	51	theme	multiple	73:80	arg1	tendons					88:94	multiple mouse tendons	73:94	multiple mouse tendons	73:94	Diabetes alters mechanical properties and collagen fiber re-alignment in multiple mouse tendons.
24833253	2	52	theme	Recent	251:256	arg1	evidence					258:265	Recent evidence	251:265	Recent evidence	251:265	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	7	53	from	changes	1238:1244	arg1	re-alignment					1255:1266	fiber re-alignment	1249:1266	fiber re-alignment	1249:1266	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	1	54	theme	I	239:239	arg1	collagen					241:248	type I collagen	234:248	type I collagen	234:248	Tendons function to transfer load from muscle to bone through their complex composition and hierarchical structure, consisting mainly of type I collagen.
24833253	7	55	theme	altered	1161:1167	arg1	response					1169:1176	an altered response	1158:1176	an altered response to diabetes	1158:1188	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
24833253	6	56	theme	mechanical	1078:1087	arg1	test					1089:1092	the mechanical test	1074:1092	the mechanical test	1074:1092	However, the tendon response to load (transition strain, collagen fiber re-alignment) occurred earlier in the mechanical test, contrary to expectations.
24833253	4	57	theme	different	763:771	arg1	tendons					773:779	three functionally different tendons	744:779	three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar)	744:815	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	2	58	theme	fibril	361:366	arg1	morphology					368:377	irregular fibril morphology	351:377	irregular fibril morphology	351:377	Recent evidence suggests that type II diabetes may cause alterations in collagen structure, such as irregular fibril morphology and density, which could play a role in the mechanical function of tendons.
24833253	4	59	from	effect	659:664	arg1	re-alignment					710:721	collagen fiber re-alignment	695:721	collagen fiber re-alignment	695:721	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	4	59	from	effect	659:664	arg1	biochemistry					728:739	biochemistry	728:739	biochemistry	728:739	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	4	59	from	effect	659:664	arg1	biomechanics					681:692	biomechanics	681:692	biomechanics	681:692	The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of diabetes on biomechanics, collagen fiber re-alignment, and biochemistry in three functionally different tendons (Achilles, supraspinatus, patellar) using the db/db mouse model.
24833253	7	60	theme	patellar	1138:1145	arg1	tendon					1147:1152	the patellar tendon	1134:1152	the patellar tendon	1134:1152	In addition, the patellar tendon had an altered response to diabetes when compared to the other two tendons, with no changes in fiber re-alignment and decreased collagen content at the midsubstance of the tendon.
29567261	9	0	theme	HCl	1642:1644	arg1	pH					1653:1654	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	7	1	theme	phosphate	1258:1266	arg1	buffer					1268:1273	phosphate buffer	1258:1273	phosphate buffer	1258:1273	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	2	2	used	used	468:471	arg2	method					457:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method	425:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method	425:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method was used to prepare chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin.
29567261	7	3	located	found	1187:1191	arg2	content					1175:1181	water content	1169:1181	water content	1169:1181	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	7	3	located	found	1187:1191	arg1	pH					1207:1208	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1196:1212	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1196:1212	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	7	3	located	found	1187:1191	arg2	ratio					1159:1163	The maximum swelling ratio	1138:1163	The maximum swelling ratio	1138:1163	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	7	4	theme	maximum	1142:1148	arg1	ratio					1159:1163	The maximum swelling ratio	1138:1163	The maximum swelling ratio	1138:1163	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	7	5	theme	swelling	1150:1157	arg1	ratio					1159:1163	The maximum swelling ratio	1138:1163	The maximum swelling ratio	1138:1163	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	1	6	theme	nanocomposite	164:176	arg1	system					178:183	a triple-component nanocomposite system	145:183	a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery	145:321	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	9	7	theme	cumulative	1669:1678	arg1	permeation					1685:1694	maximum cumulative drug permeation	1661:1694	maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1661:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	8	theme	anti-inflammatory	1882:1898	arg1	0.4 cm					1908:1913	0.4 cm	1908:1913	0.4 cm	1908:1913	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	8	theme	anti-inflammatory	1882:1898	arg1	effect					1900:1905	a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect	1848:1905	a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm)	1848:1914	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	3	9	theme	infrared	742:749	arg1	spectroscopy					751:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	9	10	theme	formulation	1491:1501	arg1	F10					1503:1505	The formulation F10	1487:1505	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG	1487:1541	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	11	11	contain	have	2067:2070	arg2	influence					2081:2089	a strong influence	2072:2089	a strong influence	2072:2089	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	11	11	contain	have	2067:2070	arg1	weights					2052:2058	The different molecular weights	2028:2058	The different molecular weights of PEG	2028:2065	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	4	12	dep	content	780:786	arg1	test					799:802	uniformity test	788:802	Drug content uniformity test	775:802	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	1	13	theme	different	356:364	arg1	weights					376:382	different molecular weights	356:382	different molecular weights of PEG	356:389	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	9	14	theme	rat	1704:1706	arg1	2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2					1714:1733	2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2	1714:1733	2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2	1714:1733	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	14	theme	rat	1704:1706	arg1	skin					1708:1711	rat skin	1704:1711	rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1704:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	8	15	theme	PEG	1482:1484	arg1	concentration					1465:1477	concentration	1465:1477	concentration of PEG	1465:1484	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	8	16	theme	rate	1295:1298	arg1	constants					1300:1308	The release rate constants	1283:1308	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies	1283:1385	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	1	17	theme	weights	376:382	arg1	effect					346:351	the effect	342:351	the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics	342:422	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	3	18	theme	diffraction	636:646	arg1	technique					648:656	X-ray diffraction technique	630:656	X-ray diffraction technique	630:656	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	1	19	theme	polyethylene	209:220	arg1	PEG					230:232	PEG	230:232	PEG	230:232	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	1	19	theme	polyethylene	209:220	arg1	glycol					222:227	polyethylene glycol	209:227	polyethylene glycol (PEG)	209:233	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	11	20	theme	molecular	2042:2050	arg1	weights					2052:2058	The different molecular weights	2028:2058	The different molecular weights of PEG	2028:2065	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	4	21	theme	Drug	775:778	arg1	content					780:786	Drug content	775:786	Drug content uniformity test	775:802	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	1	22	theme	PEG	387:389	arg1	weights					376:382	different molecular weights	356:382	different molecular weights of PEG	356:389	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	9	23	from	pH	1603:1604	arg1	pH					1653:1654	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	23	from	pH	1603:1604	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	8	24	theme	kinetic	1324:1330	arg1	modeling					1332:1339	kinetic modeling	1324:1339	kinetic modeling	1324:1339	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	1	25	theme	nanocomposite	394:406	arg1	characteristics					408:422	nanocomposite characteristics	394:422	nanocomposite characteristics	394:422	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	3	26	theme	electron	668:675	arg1	microscopy					677:686	scanning electron microscopy	659:686	scanning electron microscopy	659:686	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	5	27	theme	nanocomposite	990:1002	arg1	films					1004:1008	nanocomposite films	990:1008	nanocomposite films	990:1008	The permeation studies across rat skin were also performed on nanocomposite films using Franz diffusion cell.
29567261	4	28	theme	uniformity	788:797	arg1	test					799:802	uniformity test	788:802	Drug content uniformity test	775:802	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	9	29	theme	phosphate	1739:1747	arg1	pH					1756:1757	phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1739:1761	phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1739:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	10	30	theme	film	1959:1962	arg1	composition					1964:1974	film composition	1959:1974	film composition	1959:1974	It can be concluded from the results that film composition had a particular impact on drug release properties.
29567261	5	31	theme	rat	958:960	arg1	skin					962:965	rat skin	958:965	rat skin	958:965	The permeation studies across rat skin were also performed on nanocomposite films using Franz diffusion cell.
29567261	2	32	theme	chitosan-PEG	484:495	arg1	films					511:515	chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films	484:515	chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin	484:554	The casting/solvent evaporation method was used to prepare chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin.
29567261	12	33	theme	drug	2218:2221	arg1	delivery					2223:2230	localized drug delivery	2208:2230	localized drug delivery	2208:2230	The developed films can act as successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery through the skin.
29567261	7	34	theme	pH	1247:1248	arg1	buffer					1237:1242	acetate buffer	1229:1242	acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1229:1280	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	6	35	theme	films	1062:1066	arg1	behavior					1050:1057	The release behavior	1038:1057	The release behavior of films	1038:1066	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	6	35	theme	films	1062:1066	arg1	sensitive					1084:1092	sensitive	1084:1092	sensitive	1084:1092	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	4	36	theme	water	823:827	arg1	content					829:835	water content	823:835	water content	823:835	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	10	37	theme	particular	1982:1991	arg1	impact					1993:1998	a particular impact	1980:1998	a particular impact	1980:1998	It can be concluded from the results that film composition had a particular impact on drug release properties.
29567261	0	38	theme	drug	87:90	arg1	delivery					92:99	drug delivery	87:99	drug delivery	87:99	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method: Its potential in drug delivery.
29567261	1	39	theme	study	122:126	arg1	purpose					106:112	The purpose	102:112	The purpose of this study	102:126	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	9	40	theme	in vitro	1768:1775	arg1	release					1782:1788	in vitro drug release	1768:1788	in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums	1768:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	40	theme	in vitro	1768:1775	arg1	%					1801:1801	35.51±0.26%	1791:1801	35.51±0.26%	1791:1801	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	12	41	theme	delivery	2186:2193	arg1	approach					2195:2202	successful drug delivery approach	2170:2202	successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery	2170:2230	The developed films can act as successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery through the skin.
29567261	10	42	contain	had	1976:1978	arg1	composition					1964:1974	film composition	1959:1974	film composition	1959:1974	It can be concluded from the results that film composition had a particular impact on drug release properties.
29567261	10	42	contain	had	1976:1978	arg2	impact					1993:1998	a particular impact	1980:1998	a particular impact	1980:1998	It can be concluded from the results that film composition had a particular impact on drug release properties.
29567261	8	43	theme	studies	1379:1385	arg1	modeling					1332:1339	kinetic modeling	1324:1339	kinetic modeling	1324:1339	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	8	43	theme	studies	1379:1385	arg1	values					1350:1355	flux values	1345:1355	flux values of ex vivo permeation studies	1345:1385	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	9	44	dep	significantly	1850:1862	arg1	p<0.0001					1865:1872	p<0.0001	1865:1872	p<0.0001	1865:1872	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	6	45	theme	release	1122:1128	arg1	medium					1130:1135	release medium	1122:1135	release medium	1122:1135	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	2	46	theme	evaporation	445:455	arg1	method					457:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method	425:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method	425:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method was used to prepare chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin.
29567261	9	47	contain	containing	1507:1516	arg2	concentration					1522:1534	75% concentration	1518:1534	75% concentration of PEG	1518:1541	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	47	contain	containing	1507:1516	arg1	F10					1503:1505	The formulation F10	1487:1505	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG	1487:1541	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	12	48	theme	developed	2143:2151	arg1	films					2153:2157	The developed films	2139:2157	The developed films	2139:2157	The developed films can act as successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery through the skin.
29567261	0	49	theme	Triple-component	0:15	arg1	films					31:35	Triple-component nanocomposite films	0:35	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method	0:67	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method: Its potential in drug delivery.
29567261	0	50	dep	potential	74:82	arg1	films					31:35	Triple-component nanocomposite films	0:35	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method	0:67	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method: Its potential in drug delivery.
29567261	9	51	from	content	1617:1623	arg1	pH					1653:1654	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	51	from	content	1617:1623	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	5	52	theme	diffusion	1022:1030	arg1	cell					1032:1035	Franz diffusion cell	1016:1035	Franz diffusion cell	1016:1035	The permeation studies across rat skin were also performed on nanocomposite films using Franz diffusion cell.
29567261	12	53	theme	drug	2181:2184	arg1	approach					2195:2202	successful drug delivery approach	2170:2202	successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery	2170:2230	The developed films can act as successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery through the skin.
29567261	7	54	theme	HCl	1196:1198	arg1	pH					1207:1208	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1196:1212	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1196:1212	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	1	55	theme	chitosan-PEG	278:289	arg1	nanocomposites					291:304	chitosan-PEG nanocomposites	278:304	chitosan-PEG nanocomposites	278:304	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	9	56	theme	water	1611:1615	arg1	content					1617:1623	water content	1611:1623	water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2	1611:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	56	theme	water	1611:1615	arg1	%					1636:1636	47.89±1.53%	1626:1636	47.89±1.53%	1626:1636	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	57	theme	sequential	1807:1816	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	58	theme	buffer	1749:1754	arg1	pH					1756:1757	phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1739:1761	phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1739:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	4	59	theme	anti-inflammatory	880:896	arg1	activity					898:905	anti-inflammatory activity	880:905	anti-inflammatory activity	880:905	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	0	60	theme	casting	54:60	arg1	method					62:67	a casting method	52:67	a casting method	52:67	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method: Its potential in drug delivery.
29567261	9	61	theme	buffer	1596:1601	arg1	pH					1603:1604	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1592:1608	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1592:1608	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	62	theme	change	1821:1826	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	3	63	theme	transmission	729:740	arg1	spectroscopy					751:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	9	64	theme	highest	1554:1560	arg1	ratio					1571:1575	the highest swelling ratio	1550:1575	the highest swelling ratio	1550:1575	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	10	65	theme	release	2008:2014	arg1	properties					2016:2025	drug release properties	2003:2025	drug release properties	2003:2025	It can be concluded from the results that film composition had a particular impact on drug release properties.
29567261	4	66	theme	dissolution	855:865	arg1	studies					867:873	dissolution studies	855:873	dissolution studies	855:873	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	7	67	theme	water	1169:1173	arg1	content					1175:1181	water content	1169:1181	water content	1169:1181	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	9	68	theme	buffer	1646:1651	arg1	pH					1653:1654	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	7	69	theme	buffer	1268:1273	arg1	buffer					1237:1242	acetate buffer	1229:1242	acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1229:1280	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	11	70	theme	PEG	2063:2065	arg1	weights					2052:2058	The different molecular weights	2028:2058	The different molecular weights of PEG	2028:2065	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	1	71	from	application	263:273	arg1	delivery					314:321	drug delivery	309:321	drug delivery	309:321	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	1	72	theme	triple-component	147:162	arg1	system					178:183	a triple-component nanocomposite system	145:183	a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery	145:321	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	11	73	theme	permeation	2122:2131	arg1	rate					2133:2136	permeation rate	2122:2136	permeation rate	2122:2136	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	9	74	from	release	1782:1788	arg1	pH					1653:1654	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	74	from	release	1782:1788	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	75	theme	maximum	1661:1667	arg1	permeation					1685:1694	maximum cumulative drug permeation	1661:1694	maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1661:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	76	theme	higher	1875:1880	arg1	0.4 cm					1908:1913	0.4 cm	1908:1913	0.4 cm	1908:1913	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	76	theme	higher	1875:1880	arg1	effect					1900:1905	a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect	1848:1905	a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm)	1848:1914	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	5	77	theme	permeation	932:941	arg1	studies					943:949	The permeation studies	928:949	The permeation studies across rat skin	928:965	The permeation studies across rat skin were also performed on nanocomposite films using Franz diffusion cell.
29567261	6	78	theme	release	1042:1048	arg1	behavior					1050:1057	The release behavior	1038:1057	The release behavior of films	1038:1066	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	6	78	theme	release	1042:1048	arg1	sensitive					1084:1092	sensitive	1084:1092	sensitive	1084:1092	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	9	79	theme	drug	1680:1683	arg1	permeation					1685:1694	maximum cumulative drug permeation	1661:1694	maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1661:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	1	80	theme	molecular	366:374	arg1	weights					376:382	different molecular weights	356:382	different molecular weights of PEG	356:389	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	3	81	theme	X-ray	630:634	arg1	technique					648:656	X-ray diffraction technique	630:656	X-ray diffraction technique	630:656	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	8	82	from	increase	1453:1460	arg1	concentration					1465:1477	concentration	1465:1477	concentration of PEG	1465:1484	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	9	83	theme	75	1518:1519	arg1	%					1520:1520	%	1520:1520	%	1520:1520	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	84	from	skin	1708:1711	arg1	pH					1756:1757	phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1739:1761	phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1739:1761	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	8	85	theme	release	1287:1293	arg1	constants					1300:1308	The release rate constants	1283:1308	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies	1283:1385	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	3	86	theme	nanocomposites	614:627	arg1	structure					601:609	structure	601:609	structure	601:609	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	3	86	theme	nanocomposites	614:627	arg1	morphology					586:595	morphology	586:595	morphology	586:595	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	3	87	theme	scanning	659:666	arg1	microscopy					677:686	scanning electron microscopy	659:686	scanning electron microscopy	659:686	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	9	88	theme	PEG	1539:1541	arg1	concentration					1522:1534	75% concentration	1518:1534	75% concentration of PEG	1518:1541	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	11	89	theme	different	2032:2040	arg1	weights					2052:2058	The different molecular weights	2028:2058	The different molecular weights of PEG	2028:2065	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	8	90	theme	ex vivo	1360:1366	arg1	studies					1379:1385	ex vivo permeation studies	1360:1385	ex vivo permeation studies	1360:1385	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	3	91	dep	morphology	586:595	arg1	the					582:584	the	582:584	the	582:584	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	2	92	theme	nanocomposite	497:509	arg1	films					511:515	chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films	484:515	chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin	484:554	The casting/solvent evaporation method was used to prepare chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin.
29567261	9	93	theme	swelling	1562:1569	arg1	ratio					1571:1575	the highest swelling ratio	1550:1575	the highest swelling ratio	1550:1575	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	8	94	theme	flux	1345:1348	arg1	values					1350:1355	flux values	1345:1355	flux values of ex vivo permeation studies	1345:1385	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	7	95	theme	acetate	1229:1235	arg1	buffer					1237:1242	acetate buffer	1229:1242	acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4	1229:1280	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	9	96	from	permeation	1685:1694	arg1	pH					1653:1654	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1642:1658	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	96	from	permeation	1685:1694	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	97	dep	showed	1543:1548	arg1	3.42±0.02					1578:1586	3.42±0.02	1578:1586	3.42±0.02	1578:1586	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	6	98	theme	medium	1130:1135	arg1	pH					1097:1098	pH	1097:1098	pH	1097:1098	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	6	98	theme	medium	1130:1135	arg1	strength					1110:1117	ionic strength	1104:1117	ionic strength	1104:1117	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	9	99	theme	drug	1777:1780	arg1	release					1782:1788	in vitro drug release	1768:1788	in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums	1768:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	9	99	theme	drug	1777:1780	arg1	%					1801:1801	35.51±0.26%	1791:1801	35.51±0.26%	1791:1801	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	12	100	theme	localized	2208:2216	arg1	delivery					2223:2230	localized drug delivery	2208:2230	localized drug delivery	2208:2230	The developed films can act as successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery through the skin.
29567261	8	101	theme	permeation	1368:1377	arg1	studies					1379:1385	ex vivo permeation studies	1360:1385	ex vivo permeation studies	1360:1385	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	0	102	theme	nanocomposite	17:29	arg1	films					31:35	Triple-component nanocomposite films	0:35	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method	0:67	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method: Its potential in drug delivery.
29567261	9	103	theme	HCl	1592:1594	arg1	pH					1603:1604	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1592:1608	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1592:1608	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	2	104	theme	casting/solvent	429:443	arg1	method					457:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method	425:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method	425:462	The casting/solvent evaporation method was used to prepare chitosan-PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin.
29567261	0	105	from	potential	74:82	arg1	delivery					92:99	drug delivery	87:99	drug delivery	87:99	Triple-component nanocomposite films prepared using a casting method: Its potential in drug delivery.
29567261	7	106	theme	buffer	1200:1205	arg1	pH					1207:1208	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1196:1212	HCl buffer pH 1.2	1196:1212	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	5	107	theme	Franz	1016:1020	arg1	cell					1032:1035	Franz diffusion cell	1016:1035	Franz diffusion cell	1016:1035	The permeation studies across rat skin were also performed on nanocomposite films using Franz diffusion cell.
29567261	6	108	theme	ionic	1104:1108	arg1	strength					1110:1117	ionic strength	1104:1117	ionic strength	1104:1117	The release behavior of films was found to be sensitive to pH and ionic strength of release medium.
29567261	11	109	theme	drug	2104:2107	arg1	release					2109:2115	drug release	2104:2115	drug release	2104:2115	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	7	110	dep	pH	1247:1248	arg1	pH					1275:1276	pH 7.4	1275:1280	pH 7.4	1275:1280	The maximum swelling ratio and water content was found in HCl buffer pH 1.2 as compared to acetate buffer of pH 4.5 and phosphate buffer pH 7.4.
29567261	3	111	theme	thermogravimetric	689:705	arg1	analysis					707:714	thermogravimetric analysis	689:714	thermogravimetric analysis	689:714	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	4	112	theme	swelling	805:812	arg1	studies					814:820	swelling studies	805:820	swelling studies	805:820	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	8	113	theme	piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin	1410:1433	arg1	release					1399:1405	release	1399:1405	release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin	1399:1433	The release rate constants obtained from kinetic modeling and flux values of ex vivo permeation studies showed that release of piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin increased with an increase in concentration of PEG.
29567261	1	114	theme	nanocomposites	291:304	arg1	application					263:273	the application	259:273	the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery	259:321	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	9	115	theme	pH	1818:1819	arg1	mediums					1828:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	sequential pH change mediums	1807:1834	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	3	116	theme	Fourier	721:727	arg1	spectroscopy					751:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	1	117	theme	drug	309:312	arg1	delivery					314:321	drug delivery	309:321	drug delivery	309:321	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
29567261	11	118	theme	strong	2074:2079	arg1	influence					2081:2089	a strong influence	2072:2089	a strong influence	2072:2089	The different molecular weights of PEG have a strong influence on swelling, drug release, and permeation rate.
29567261	12	119	theme	successful	2170:2179	arg1	approach					2195:2202	successful drug delivery approach	2170:2202	successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery	2170:2230	The developed films can act as successful drug delivery approach for localized drug delivery through the skin.
29567261	4	120	theme	erosion	838:844	arg1	studies					846:852	erosion studies	838:852	erosion studies	838:852	Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also performed.
29567261	9	121	theme	%	1520:1520	arg1	concentration					1522:1534	75% concentration	1518:1534	75% concentration of PEG	1518:1541	The formulation F10 containing 75% concentration of PEG showed the highest swelling ratio (3.42±0.02) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, water content (47.89±1.53%) in HCl buffer pH 1.2, maximum cumulative drug permeation through rat skin (2405.15±10.97 μg/cm2) in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, and in vitro drug release (35.51±0.26%) in sequential pH change mediums, and showed a significantly (p<0.0001) higher anti-inflammatory effect (0.4 cm).
29567261	10	122	theme	drug	2003:2006	arg1	properties					2016:2025	drug release properties	2003:2025	drug release properties	2003:2025	It can be concluded from the results that film composition had a particular impact on drug release properties.
29567261	3	123	used	used	769:772	arg2	microscopy					677:686	scanning electron microscopy	659:686	scanning electron microscopy	659:686	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	3	123	used	used	769:772	arg2	analysis					707:714	thermogravimetric analysis	689:714	thermogravimetric analysis	689:714	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	3	123	used	used	769:772	arg2	technique					648:656	X-ray diffraction technique	630:656	X-ray diffraction technique	630:656	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	3	123	used	used	769:772	arg2	spectroscopy					751:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy	721:762	In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used.
29567261	1	124	from	effect	346:351	arg1	characteristics					408:422	nanocomposite characteristics	394:422	nanocomposite characteristics	394:422	The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan-PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics.
26051544	3	0	dep	μg/mL	743:747	arg1	50					740:741	50	740:741	50	740:741	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	3	0	dep	μg/mL	743:747	arg1	25					733:734	25	733:734	25	733:734	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	0	1	theme	HT-29/MTX	183:191	arg1	cells					193:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	5	2	theme	epithelial	1225:1234	arg1	barrier					1236:1242	an intestinal epithelial barrier	1211:1242	an intestinal epithelial barrier	1211:1242	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	2	3	theme	cervix	614:619	arg1	cells					637:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	1	4	theme	mucosal	461:467	arg1	routes					469:474	mucosal routes	461:474	mucosal routes	461:474	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	4	5	theme	shell	927:931	arg1	composition					933:943	nanoparticle shell composition	914:943	nanoparticle shell composition	914:943	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	3	6	theme	HeLa	682:685	arg1	cells					687:691	HeLa cells	682:691	HeLa cells	682:691	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	0	7	theme	thiolated	103:111	arg1	chitosan					113:120	thiolated chitosan	103:120	thiolated chitosan	103:120	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	3	8	theme	strong	663:668	arg1	toxicity					670:677	strong toxicity	663:677	strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL	663:747	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	2	9	theme	HeLa	632:635	arg1	cells					637:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	5	10	theme	lower	1013:1017	arg1	toxicity					1032:1039	lower nanoparticle toxicity	1013:1039	lower nanoparticle toxicity	1013:1039	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	2	11	theme	epithelial	621:630	arg1	cells					637:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	0	12	from	cells	193:197	arg1	Insights					123:130	Insights	123:130	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.	0:198	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	13	theme	mucoadhesion	365:376	arg1	terms					356:360	terms	356:360	terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes	356:474	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	6	14	theme	poly	1290:1293	arg1	nanoparticles					1318:1330	poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles	1290:1330	poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles	1290:1330	This study demonstrated that the toxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles is highly cell line-dependent.
26051544	4	15	theme	nanoparticle	914:925	arg1	composition					933:943	nanoparticle shell composition	914:943	nanoparticle shell composition	914:943	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	2	16	theme	nanoparticles	524:536	arg1	cytotoxicity					502:513	the cytotoxicity	498:513	the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles	498:536	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	5	17	theme	intestinal	1214:1223	arg1	barrier					1236:1242	an intestinal epithelial barrier	1211:1242	an intestinal epithelial barrier	1211:1242	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	4	18	theme	nanoparticle	869:880	arg1	cytotoxicity					882:893	nanoparticle cytotoxicity	869:893	nanoparticle cytotoxicity	869:893	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	4	19	theme	poly	800:803	arg1	core					828:831	the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core	796:831	the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core	796:831	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	0	20	theme	line-dependent	5:18	arg1	cytotoxicity					20:31	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity	0:31	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.	0:198	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	21	theme	permeation	382:391	arg1	properties					405:414	permeation enhancement properties	382:414	permeation enhancement properties	382:414	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	4	22	from	differences	854:864	arg1	cytotoxicity					882:893	nanoparticle cytotoxicity	869:893	nanoparticle cytotoxicity	869:893	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	2	23	theme	human	608:612	arg1	cells					637:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	0	24	theme	Cell	0:3	arg1	cytotoxicity					20:31	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity	0:31	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.	0:198	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	3	25	dep	concentrations	718:731	arg1	μg/mL					743:747	μg/mL	743:747	μg/mL	743:747	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	5	26	theme	fully-differentiated	1119:1138	arg1	cells					1166:1170	human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells	1060:1170	cells	1166:1170	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	2	27	theme	direct	567:572	arg1	assay					582:586	direct contact assay	567:586	direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	567:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	1	28	theme	chitosan	284:291	arg1	mixture					273:279	a mixture	271:279	a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan	271:314	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	5	29	theme	enterocyte-like	1087:1101	arg1	Caco-2/TC7					1103:1112	human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells	1060:1170	Caco-2/TC7	1103:1112	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	2	30	theme	contact	574:580	arg1	assay					582:586	direct contact assay	567:586	direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	567:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	1	31	theme	enhancement	393:403	arg1	properties					405:414	permeation enhancement properties	382:414	permeation enhancement properties	382:414	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	6	32	theme	nanoparticles	1318:1330	arg1	line-dependent					1347:1360	line-dependent	1347:1360	line-dependent	1347:1360	This study demonstrated that the toxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles is highly cell line-dependent.
26051544	6	32	theme	nanoparticles	1318:1330	arg1	toxicity					1278:1285	the toxicity	1274:1285	the toxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles	1274:1330	This study demonstrated that the toxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles is highly cell line-dependent.
26051544	1	33	theme	thiolated	297:305	arg1	chitosan					307:314	thiolated chitosan	297:314	thiolated chitosan	297:314	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	0	34	theme	human	146:150	arg1	HeLa					163:166	human epithelial HeLa	146:166	human epithelial HeLa	146:166	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	35	theme	properties	405:414	arg1	terms					356:360	terms	356:360	terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes	356:474	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	4	36	theme	significant	842:852	arg1	differences					854:864	no significant differences	839:864	no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity	839:893	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	0	37	theme	poly	36:39	arg1	nanoparticles					64:76	poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles	36:76	poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan	36:120	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	38	theme	chitosan	307:314	arg1	mixture					273:279	a mixture	271:279	a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan	271:314	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	0	39	theme	cultured	137:144	arg1	cells					193:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	40	theme	poly	226:229	arg1	core					254:257	poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core	226:257	poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan	226:314	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	2	41	theme	present	484:490	arg1	work					492:495	the present work	480:495	the present work	480:495	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	3	42	from	toxicity	670:677	arg1	cells					687:691	HeLa cells	682:691	HeLa cells	682:691	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	0	43	theme	HeLa	163:166	arg1	cells					193:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	44	theme	pharmaceutical	419:432	arg1	drugs					441:445	pharmaceutical active drugs	419:445	pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes	419:474	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	5	45	theme	nanoparticle	1019:1030	arg1	toxicity					1032:1039	lower nanoparticle toxicity	1013:1039	lower nanoparticle toxicity	1013:1039	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	2	46	theme	undifferentiated	591:606	arg1	cells					637:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	4	47	theme	thiolated	980:988	arg1	chitosan					990:997	thiolated chitosan	980:997	thiolated chitosan	980:997	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	0	48	theme	epithelial	152:161	arg1	HeLa					163:166	human epithelial HeLa	146:166	human epithelial HeLa	146:166	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	49	theme	active	434:439	arg1	drugs					441:445	pharmaceutical active drugs	419:445	pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes	419:474	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	3	50	theme	investigated	705:716	arg1	concentrations					718:731	the two investigated concentrations	697:731	the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL	697:747	The results showed strong toxicity in HeLa cells for the two investigated concentrations 25 and 50 μg/mL.
26051544	0	51	theme	Caco2/TC7	169:177	arg1	cells					193:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells	137:197	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	52	theme	drugs	441:445	arg1	mucoadhesion					365:376	mucoadhesion	365:376	mucoadhesion	365:376	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	1	52	theme	drugs	441:445	arg1	properties					405:414	permeation enhancement properties	382:414	permeation enhancement properties	382:414	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	4	53	theme	cytotoxic	754:762	arg1	effect					764:769	The cytotoxic effect	750:769	The cytotoxic effect	750:769	The cytotoxic effect was mainly attributed to the poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core since no significant differences in nanoparticle cytotoxicity were reported when nanoparticle shell composition was modified by adding chitosan or thiolated chitosan.
26051544	5	54	theme	mucus-secreting	1140:1154	arg1	cells					1166:1170	human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells	1060:1170	cells	1166:1170	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	5	55	theme	HT-29/MTX	1156:1164	arg1	cells					1166:1170	human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells	1060:1170	cells	1166:1170	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	0	56	dep	cytotoxicity	20:31	arg1	Insights					123:130	Insights	123:130	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.	0:198	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	5	57	theme	human	1060:1064	arg1	Caco-2/TC7					1103:1112	human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells	1060:1170	Caco-2/TC7	1103:1112	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
26051544	2	58	from	assay	582:586	arg1	cells					637:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells	591:641	In the present work, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was first investigated using direct contact assay on undifferentiated human cervix epithelial HeLa cells.
26051544	0	59	theme	nanoparticles	64:76	arg1	cytotoxicity					20:31	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity	0:31	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.	0:198	Cell line-dependent cytotoxicity of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles coated with chitosan and thiolated chitosan: Insights from cultured human epithelial HeLa, Caco2/TC7 and HT-29/MTX cells.
26051544	1	60	theme	promising	335:343	arg1	results					345:351	promising results	335:351	promising results	335:351	Nanoparticles composed of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) core coated with a mixture of chitosan and thiolated chitosan have already shown promising results in terms of mucoadhesion and permeation enhancement properties of pharmaceutical active drugs delivered via mucosal routes.
26051544	5	61	theme	fully-differentiated	1066:1085	arg1	Caco-2/TC7					1103:1112	human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells	1060:1170	Caco-2/TC7	1103:1112	In contrast, lower nanoparticle toxicity was reported using human fully-differentiated enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7, and fully-differentiated mucus-secreting HT-29/MTX cells forming monolayer in culture mimicking an intestinal epithelial barrier.
28024620	5	0	theme	particle	601:608	arg1	shape					610:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	10	1	theme	low	1333:1335	arg1	range					1347:1351	low frequency range	1333:1351	low frequency range	1333:1351	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	6	2	dep	Fourier	868:874	arg1	Transform					876:884	Transform	876:884	Transform Infrared (FTIR)	876:900	The interaction between BPP and chitosan was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).
28024620	10	3	theme	ε″	1327:1328	arg1	combination					1362:1372	a combination	1360:1372	a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity	1360:1421	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	10	3	theme	ε″	1327:1328	arg1	values					1317:1322	The higher values	1306:1322	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range	1306:1351	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	8	4	theme	applied	1121:1127	arg1	broad					1143:1147	broad	1143:1147	broad	1143:1147	The curves relating ε″ and the applied frequency are broad enough reflecting more than one relaxation process.
28024620	8	4	theme	applied	1121:1127	arg1	frequency					1129:1137	the applied frequency	1117:1137	the applied frequency	1117:1137	The curves relating ε″ and the applied frequency are broad enough reflecting more than one relaxation process.
28024620	5	5	theme	powder	588:593	arg1	shape					610:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	12	6	theme	polymer/filler	1638:1651	arg1	interaction					1653:1663	polymer/filler interaction	1638:1663	polymer/filler interaction	1638:1663	This shift may be due to some sort of polymer/filler interaction which causes an increase in the relaxed units and consequently the relaxation time.
28024620	5	7	theme	BPP	596:598	arg1	shape					610:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	1	8	theme	Wound	109:113	arg1	infection					138:146	a serious infection	128:146	a serious infection has been spread worldwide	128:172	Wound infection is a serious infection has been spread worldwide.
28024620	1	8	theme	Wound	109:113	arg1	infection					115:123	Wound infection	109:123	Wound infection	109:123	Wound infection is a serious infection has been spread worldwide.
28024620	5	9	theme	Electron	660:667	arg1	TEM					681:683	TEM	681:683	TEM	681:683	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	9	theme	Electron	660:667	arg1	Microscope					669:678	Transmission Electron Microscope	647:678	Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)	647:684	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	10	dep	homogeneity	691:701	arg1	The					687:689	The	687:689	The	687:689	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	15	11	contain	have	1979:1982	arg2	action					1998:2003	a synergistic action	1984:2003	a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%	1984:2038	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	15	11	contain	have	1979:1982	arg1	membranes					1969:1977	chitosan/BPP membranes	1956:1977	chitosan/BPP membranes	1956:1977	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	15	12	with	action	1998:2003	arg1	activity					2022:2029	the highest activity	2010:2029	the highest activity at 10wt%	2010:2038	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	7	13	theme	dielectric	1001:1010	arg1	loss					1012:1015	dielectric loss	1001:1015	dielectric loss	1001:1015	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	5	14	from	distribution	707:718	arg1	membranes					734:742	the membranes	730:742	the membranes	730:742	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	2	15	theme	such	219:222	arg1	infection					224:232	such infection	219:232	such infection	219:232	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	7	16	theme	BPP-chitosan	945:956	arg1	properties					918:927	The dielectric properties	903:927	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes	903:966	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	1	17	theme	serious	130:136	arg1	infection					138:146	a serious infection	128:146	a serious infection has been spread worldwide	128:172	Wound infection is a serious infection has been spread worldwide.
28024620	1	17	theme	serious	130:136	arg1	infection					115:123	Wound infection	109:123	Wound infection	109:123	Wound infection is a serious infection has been spread worldwide.
28024620	5	18	from	homogeneity	691:701	arg1	membranes					734:742	the membranes	730:742	the membranes	730:742	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	7	19	theme	chitosan	932:939	arg1	properties					918:927	The dielectric properties	903:927	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes	903:966	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	3	20	theme	Egyptian	332:339	arg1	markets					341:347	Egyptian markets	332:347	Egyptian markets peeled	332:354	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	14	21	dep	positive	1888:1895	arg1	negative					1903:1910	negative	1903:1910	negative	1903:1910	The antimicrobial properties of the membranes were done against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast.
28024620	13	22	theme	chitosan	1802:1809	arg1	matrix					1811:1816	chitosan matrix	1802:1816	chitosan matrix	1802:1816	The addition of BPP decreases the swelling degree of chitosan matrix.
28024620	9	23	theme	relaxation	1242:1251	arg1	processes					1253:1261	the relaxation processes	1238:1261	the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions	1238:1303	These processes may be attributed to the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions.
28024620	5	24	theme	Transmission	647:658	arg1	TEM					681:683	TEM	681:683	TEM	681:683	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	24	theme	Transmission	647:658	arg1	Microscope					669:678	Transmission Electron Microscope	647:678	Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)	647:684	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	1	25	dep	infection	138:146	arg1	spread					157:162	spread	157:162	has been spread worldwide	148:172	Wound infection is a serious infection has been spread worldwide.
28024620	9	26	theme	main	1270:1273	arg1	chain					1275:1279	the main chain	1266:1279	the main chain	1266:1279	These processes may be attributed to the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions.
28024620	0	27	theme	wound	47:51	arg1	application					62:72	wound dressing application	47:72	wound dressing application	47:72	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	10	28	theme	due	1388:1390	arg1	losses					1381:1386	the losses	1377:1386	the losses due to the electrical conductivity	1377:1421	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	3	29	theme	nano	417:420	arg1	fillers					422:428	nano fillers	417:428	nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%)	417:501	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	0	30	theme	Chitosan/banana	0:14	arg1	nanocomposites					28:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites	0:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.	0:107	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	30	theme	Chitosan/banana	0:14	arg1	Preparation					75:85	Preparation	75:85	Preparation	75:85	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	30	theme	Chitosan/banana	0:14	arg1	characterization					91:106	characterization	91:106	characterization	91:106	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	7	31	theme	frequency	1054:1062	arg1	range					1064:1068	a frequency range 100Hz	1052:1074	a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz	1052:1087	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	3	32	theme	different	458:466	arg1	%					500:500	0, 2, 5 and 10wt%	484:500	0, 2, 5 and 10wt%	484:500	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	3	32	theme	different	458:466	arg1	concentrations					468:481	different concentrations	458:481	different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%)	458:501	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	0	33	theme	powder	21:26	arg1	nanocomposites					28:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites	0:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.	0:107	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	33	theme	powder	21:26	arg1	Preparation					75:85	Preparation	75:85	Preparation	75:85	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	33	theme	powder	21:26	arg1	characterization					91:106	characterization	91:106	characterization	91:106	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	9	34	theme	related	1289:1295	arg1	motions					1297:1303	its related motions	1285:1303	its related motions	1285:1303	These processes may be attributed to the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions.
28024620	13	35	theme	BPP	1765:1767	arg1	addition					1753:1760	The addition	1749:1760	The addition of BPP	1749:1767	The addition of BPP decreases the swelling degree of chitosan matrix.
28024620	14	36	theme	positive	1888:1895	arg1	bacteria					1912:1919	Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria	1883:1919	Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria	1883:1919	The antimicrobial properties of the membranes were done against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast.
28024620	12	37	theme	relaxation	1732:1741	arg1	time					1743:1746	the relaxation time	1728:1746	the relaxation time	1728:1746	This shift may be due to some sort of polymer/filler interaction which causes an increase in the relaxed units and consequently the relaxation time.
28024620	0	38	theme	dressing	53:60	arg1	application					62:72	wound dressing application	47:72	wound dressing application	47:72	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	10	39	theme	polarization	1443:1454	arg1	process					1456:1462	the interfacial polarization process	1427:1462	the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1427:1501	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	11	40	theme	BPP	1518:1520	arg1	content					1522:1528	BPP content	1518:1528	BPP content in the sample	1518:1542	By increasing BPP content in the sample a pronounced shift towards lower frequency was noticed.
28024620	5	41	theme	Scanning	770:777	arg1	SEM					800:802	SEM	800:802	SEM	800:802	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	41	theme	Scanning	770:777	arg1	Microscope					788:797	Scanning Electron Microscope	770:797	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)	770:803	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	10	42	theme	Sillers	1487:1493	arg1	effect					1496:1501	Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1472:1501	Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1472:1501	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	2	43	theme	fast	195:198	arg1	treatments					204:213	fast aid treatments	195:213	fast aid treatments for such infection	195:232	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	10	44	theme	higher	1310:1315	arg1	combination					1362:1372	a combination	1360:1372	a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity	1360:1421	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	10	44	theme	higher	1310:1315	arg1	values					1317:1322	The higher values	1306:1322	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range	1306:1351	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	2	45	dep	treatments	204:213	arg1	aid					200:202	aid	200:202	aid	200:202	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	10	46	theme	Maxwell	1472:1478	arg1	effect					1496:1501	Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1472:1501	Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1472:1501	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	2	47	theme	wound	290:294	arg1	peels					242:246	banana peels	235:246	banana peels	235:246	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	2	47	theme	wound	290:294	arg1	dressing					296:303	wound dressing	290:303	wound dressing	290:303	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	5	48	theme	peel	583:586	arg1	shape					610:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	12	49	theme	interaction	1653:1663	arg1	sort					1630:1633	some sort	1625:1633	some sort of polymer/filler interaction which causes an increase in the relaxed units and consequently the relaxation time	1625:1746	This shift may be due to some sort of polymer/filler interaction which causes an increase in the relaxed units and consequently the relaxation time.
28024620	8	50	theme	relaxation	1181:1190	arg1	process					1192:1198	more than one relaxation process	1167:1198	more than one relaxation process	1167:1198	The curves relating ε″ and the applied frequency are broad enough reflecting more than one relaxation process.
28024620	14	51	theme	antimicrobial	1823:1835	arg1	properties					1837:1846	The antimicrobial properties	1819:1846	The antimicrobial properties of the membranes	1819:1863	The antimicrobial properties of the membranes were done against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast.
28024620	16	52	theme	Candida	2051:2057	arg1	strain					2091:2096	the most sensitive strain	2072:2096	the most sensitive strain recorded for these membranes	2072:2125	Moreover, Candida albicans was the most sensitive strain recorded for these membranes.
28024620	16	52	theme	Candida	2051:2057	arg1	albicans					2059:2066	Candida albicans	2051:2066	Candida albicans	2051:2066	Moreover, Candida albicans was the most sensitive strain recorded for these membranes.
28024620	7	53	theme	conductivity	1021:1032	arg1	measurements					1034:1045	conductivity measurements	1021:1045	conductivity measurements	1021:1045	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	10	54	theme	frequency	1337:1345	arg1	range					1347:1351	low frequency range	1333:1351	low frequency range	1333:1351	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	5	55	theme	Electron	779:786	arg1	SEM					800:802	SEM	800:802	SEM	800:802	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	55	theme	Electron	779:786	arg1	Microscope					788:797	Scanning Electron Microscope	770:797	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)	770:803	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	6	56	dep	Infrared	886:893	arg1	FTIR					896:899	FTIR	896:899	FTIR	896:899	The interaction between BPP and chitosan was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR).
28024620	15	57	from	%	2038:2038	arg1	activity					2022:2029	the highest activity	2010:2029	the highest activity at 10wt%	2010:2038	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	2	58	theme	banana	235:240	arg1	dressing					296:303	wound dressing	290:303	wound dressing	290:303	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	2	58	theme	banana	235:240	arg1	peels					242:246	banana peels	235:246	banana peels	235:246	In order to provide fast aid treatments for such infection, banana peels have been incorporated within chitosan as wound dressing.
28024620	11	59	from	content	1522:1528	arg1	sample					1537:1542	the sample	1533:1542	the sample	1533:1542	By increasing BPP content in the sample a pronounced shift towards lower frequency was noticed.
28024620	16	60	theme	sensitive	2081:2089	arg1	strain					2091:2096	the most sensitive strain	2072:2096	the most sensitive strain recorded for these membranes	2072:2125	Moreover, Candida albicans was the most sensitive strain recorded for these membranes.
28024620	16	60	theme	sensitive	2081:2089	arg1	albicans					2059:2066	Candida albicans	2051:2066	Candida albicans	2051:2066	Moreover, Candida albicans was the most sensitive strain recorded for these membranes.
28024620	3	61	with	matrix	446:451	arg1	%					500:500	0, 2, 5 and 10wt%	484:500	0, 2, 5 and 10wt%	484:500	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	3	61	with	matrix	446:451	arg1	concentrations					468:481	different concentrations	458:481	different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%)	458:501	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	7	62	theme	dielectric	980:989	arg1	constant					991:998	dielectric constant	980:998	dielectric constant	980:998	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	0	63	dep	nanocomposites	28:41	arg1	characterization					91:106	characterization	91:106	characterization	91:106	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	63	dep	nanocomposites	28:41	arg1	Preparation					75:85	Preparation	75:85	Preparation	75:85	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	63	dep	nanocomposites	28:41	arg1	nanocomposites					28:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites	0:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.	0:107	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	7	64	dep	100kHz	1082:1087	arg1	up					1076:1077	up	1076:1077	up	1076:1077	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	13	65	theme	matrix	1811:1816	arg1	degree					1792:1797	the swelling degree	1779:1797	the swelling degree of chitosan matrix	1779:1816	The addition of BPP decreases the swelling degree of chitosan matrix.
28024620	7	66	theme	dielectric	907:916	arg1	properties					918:927	The dielectric properties	903:927	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes	903:966	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	15	67	theme	synergistic	1986:1996	arg1	action					1998:2003	a synergistic action	1984:2003	a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%	1984:2038	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	3	68	theme	dried	364:368	arg1	grounded					381:388	grounded	381:388	grounded	381:388	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	3	68	theme	dried	364:368	arg1	peels					370:374	the dried peels	360:374	the dried peels	360:374	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	5	69	gly	homogeneity	691:701	arg1	BPP					723:725	BPP	723:725	BPP	723:725	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	70	theme	banana	576:581	arg1	shape					610:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape	572:614	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	13	71	theme	swelling	1783:1790	arg1	degree					1792:1797	the swelling degree	1779:1797	the swelling degree of chitosan matrix	1779:1816	The addition of BPP decreases the swelling degree of chitosan matrix.
28024620	3	72	theme	chitosan	437:444	arg1	matrix					446:451	chitosan matrix	437:451	chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%)	437:501	Banana was collected from Egyptian markets peeled and the dried peels were grounded to powder, Incorporated as nano fillers within chitosan matrix with different concentrations (0, 2, 5 and 10wt%).
28024620	0	73	theme	peel	16:19	arg1	nanocomposites					28:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites	0:41	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.	0:107	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	73	theme	peel	16:19	arg1	Preparation					75:85	Preparation	75:85	Preparation	75:85	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	0	73	theme	peel	16:19	arg1	characterization					91:106	characterization	91:106	characterization	91:106	Chitosan/banana peel powder nanocomposites for wound dressing application: Preparation and characterization.
28024620	9	74	theme	chain	1275:1279	arg1	processes					1253:1261	the relaxation processes	1238:1261	the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions	1238:1303	These processes may be attributed to the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions.
28024620	15	75	theme	chitosan/BPP	1956:1967	arg1	membranes					1969:1977	chitosan/BPP membranes	1956:1977	chitosan/BPP membranes	1956:1977	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	12	76	from	increase	1681:1688	arg1	units					1705:1709	the relaxed units	1693:1709	the relaxed units	1693:1709	This shift may be due to some sort of polymer/filler interaction which causes an increase in the relaxed units and consequently the relaxation time.
28024620	10	77	theme	losses	1381:1386	arg1	process					1456:1462	the interfacial polarization process	1427:1462	the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1427:1501	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	10	77	theme	losses	1381:1386	arg1	combination					1362:1372	a combination	1360:1372	a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity	1360:1421	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	10	77	theme	losses	1381:1386	arg1	values					1317:1322	The higher values	1306:1322	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range	1306:1351	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	11	78	theme	pronounced	1546:1555	arg1	shift					1557:1561	a pronounced shift	1544:1561	a pronounced shift towards lower frequency	1544:1585	By increasing BPP content in the sample a pronounced shift towards lower frequency was noticed.
28024620	7	79	dep	chitosan	932:939	arg1	membranes					958:966	membranes	958:966	membranes	958:966	The dielectric properties of chitosan and BPP-chitosan membranes studied via dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity measurements over a frequency range 100Hz up to 100kHz.
28024620	5	80	theme	BPP	723:725	arg1	distribution					707:718	distribution	707:718	distribution	707:718	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	5	80	theme	BPP	723:725	arg1	homogeneity					691:701	homogeneity	691:701	homogeneity	691:701	The banana peel powder (BPP) particle shape and size were determined using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), The homogeneity and distribution of BPP in the membranes were investigated through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
28024620	9	81	theme	motions	1297:1303	arg1	processes					1253:1261	the relaxation processes	1238:1261	the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions	1238:1303	These processes may be attributed to the relaxation processes of the main chain and its related motions.
28024620	10	82	theme	electrical	1399:1408	arg1	conductivity					1410:1421	the electrical conductivity	1395:1421	the electrical conductivity	1395:1421	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	15	83	theme	highest	2014:2020	arg1	activity					2022:2029	the highest activity	2010:2029	the highest activity at 10wt%	2010:2038	The results showed that chitosan/BPP membranes have a synergistic action with the highest activity at 10wt%.
28024620	10	84	theme	interfacial	1431:1441	arg1	process					1456:1462	the interfacial polarization process	1427:1462	the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect	1427:1501	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	14	85	theme	membranes	1855:1863	arg1	properties					1837:1846	The antimicrobial properties	1819:1846	The antimicrobial properties of the membranes	1819:1863	The antimicrobial properties of the membranes were done against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and yeast.
28024620	12	86	theme	relaxed	1697:1703	arg1	units					1705:1709	the relaxed units	1693:1709	the relaxed units	1693:1709	This shift may be due to some sort of polymer/filler interaction which causes an increase in the relaxed units and consequently the relaxation time.
28024620	10	87	from	range	1347:1351	arg1	combination					1362:1372	a combination	1360:1372	a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity	1360:1421	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	10	87	from	range	1347:1351	arg1	values					1317:1322	The higher values	1306:1322	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range	1306:1351	The higher values of ε″ at low frequency range may be a combination of the losses due to the electrical conductivity and the interfacial polarization process called "Maxwell Wagner Sillers" effect.
28024620	11	88	theme	lower	1571:1575	arg1	frequency					1577:1585	lower frequency	1571:1585	lower frequency	1571:1585	By increasing BPP content in the sample a pronounced shift towards lower frequency was noticed.
26491303	7	0	theme	-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium	1203:1226	arg1	assay					1236:1240	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay	1175:1240	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay	1175:1240	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	7	1	theme	In	1070:1071	arg1	biocompatibility					1079:1094	In vitro biocompatibility	1070:1094	In vitro biocompatibility	1070:1094	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	4	2	theme	diffraction	754:764	arg1	data					766:769	X-ray diffraction data	748:769	X-ray diffraction data	748:769	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	3	3	attach	isolated	644:651	arg1	bones					666:670	chicken bones	658:670	chicken bones	658:670	The hydroxyapatite for the scaffold was isolated from chicken bones by thermal calcination at 800°C.
26491303	3	3	attach	isolated	644:651	arg2	hydroxyapatite					608:621	The hydroxyapatite	604:621	The hydroxyapatite for the scaffold	604:638	The hydroxyapatite for the scaffold was isolated from chicken bones by thermal calcination at 800°C.
26491303	1	4	theme	increased	288:296	arg1	attention					298:306	increased attention	288:306	increased attention	288:306	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	2	5	theme	first	520:524	arg1	time					526:529	the first time	516:529	the first time	516:529	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	7	6	theme	bromide	1228:1234	arg1	assay					1236:1240	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay	1175:1240	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay	1175:1240	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	8	7	theme	cell	1317:1320	arg1	proliferation					1322:1334	cell proliferation	1317:1334	cell proliferation	1317:1334	In vitro studies showed better cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell attachment on the prepared scaffold.
26491303	2	8	theme	tricomponent	372:383	arg1	scaffold					385:392	a tricomponent scaffold	370:392	a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity	370:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	0	9	theme	tissue	117:122	arg1	engineering					124:134	bone tissue engineering	112:134	bone tissue engineering	112:134	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	4	10	theme	scaffold	852:859	arg1	formation					804:812	formation	804:812	formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold	804:859	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	4	10	theme	scaffold	852:859	arg1	interactions					787:798	ionic interactions	781:798	ionic interactions	781:798	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	0	11	theme	bone	112:115	arg1	engineering					124:134	bone tissue engineering	112:134	bone tissue engineering	112:134	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	4	12	theme	fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite	821:850	arg1	scaffold					852:859	the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold	817:859	the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold	817:859	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	4	13	theme	ionic	781:785	arg1	interactions					787:798	ionic interactions	781:798	ionic interactions	781:798	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	3	14	from	800°C	698:702	arg1	calcination					683:693	thermal calcination	675:693	thermal calcination at 800°C	675:702	The hydroxyapatite for the scaffold was isolated from chicken bones by thermal calcination at 800°C.
26491303	6	15	theme	total	983:987	arg1	porosity					989:996	The total porosity	979:996	The total porosity calculated using the liquid displacement method	979:1044	The total porosity calculated using the liquid displacement method was found to be 93.85%.
26491303	6	15	theme	total	983:987	arg1	%					1067:1067	93.85%	1062:1067	93.85%	1062:1067	The total porosity calculated using the liquid displacement method was found to be 93.85%.
26491303	5	16	with	porosity	877:884	arg1	size					898:901	a pore size	891:901	a pore size of 130-170 µm	891:915	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	4	17	theme	infrared	727:734	arg1	spectra					736:742	infrared spectra	727:742	infrared spectra	727:742	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	2	18	theme	nanotube	430:437	arg1	-alginate-hydroxyapatite					447:470	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite	399:470	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity	399:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	2	19	theme	freeze-drying	536:548	arg1	method					550:555	a freeze-drying method	534:555	a freeze-drying method	534:555	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	2	20	with	-alginate-hydroxyapatite	447:470	arg1	porosity					490:497	the required porosity	477:497	the required porosity	477:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	7	21	theme	cell	1246:1249	arg1	attachment					1251:1260	cell attachment	1246:1260	cell attachment	1246:1260	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	1	22	theme	occurring	201:209	arg1	polysaccharides					211:225	naturally occurring polysaccharides	191:225	naturally occurring polysaccharides	191:225	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	7	23	theme	stain	1273:1277	arg1	assay					1279:1283	Hoechst stain assay	1265:1283	Hoechst stain assay	1265:1283	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	5	24	theme	Interconnected	862:875	arg1	porosity					877:884	Interconnected porosity	862:884	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm	862:915	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	2	25	theme	multiwalled	411:421	arg1	fMWCNT					440:445	fMWCNT	440:445	fMWCNT	440:445	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	2	25	theme	multiwalled	411:421	arg1	nanotube					430:437	multiwalled carbon nanotube	411:437	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity	399:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	2	26	theme	required	481:488	arg1	porosity					490:497	the required porosity	477:497	the required porosity	477:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	8	27	theme	cell	1337:1340	arg1	differentiation					1342:1356	cell differentiation	1337:1356	cell differentiation	1337:1356	In vitro studies showed better cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell attachment on the prepared scaffold.
26491303	5	28	theme	emission	940:947	arg1	microscopy					967:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	5	29	theme	scanning	949:956	arg1	microscopy					967:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	2	30	theme	oxidized	402:409	arg1	-alginate-hydroxyapatite					447:470	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite	399:470	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity	399:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	0	31	theme	new	17:19	arg1	nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite					28:59	a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite	15:59	a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite	15:59	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	4	32	dep	Fourier	709:715	arg1	transform					717:725	transform	717:725	transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data	717:769	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	7	33	theme	MG-63	1156:1160	arg1	line					1167:1170	an MG-63 cell line	1153:1170	an MG-63 cell line	1153:1170	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	7	34	dep	In	1070:1071	arg1	vitro					1073:1077	vitro	1073:1077	vitro	1073:1077	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	8	35	theme	cell	1363:1366	arg1	attachment					1368:1377	cell attachment	1363:1377	cell attachment	1363:1377	In vitro studies showed better cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell attachment on the prepared scaffold.
26491303	5	36	theme	µm	914:915	arg1	size					898:901	a pore size	891:901	a pore size of 130-170 µm	891:915	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	1	37	theme	bone	324:327	arg1	engineering					336:346	bone tissue engineering	324:346	bone tissue engineering	324:346	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	7	38	theme	cell	1162:1165	arg1	line					1167:1170	an MG-63 cell line	1153:1170	an MG-63 cell line	1153:1170	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	4	39	theme	X-ray	748:752	arg1	data					766:769	X-ray diffraction data	748:769	X-ray diffraction data	748:769	The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction data confirmed ionic interactions and formation of the fMWCNT-alginate-hydroxyapatite scaffold.
26491303	0	40	theme	nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite	28:59	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite	0:59	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	1	41	theme	tissue	329:334	arg1	engineering					336:346	bone tissue engineering	324:346	bone tissue engineering	324:346	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	2	42	theme	analytical	581:590	arg1	techniques					592:601	analytical techniques	581:601	analytical techniques	581:601	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	7	43	from	biocompatibility	1079:1094	arg1	scaffold					1126:1133	the scaffold	1122:1133	the scaffold	1122:1133	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	7	44	from	proliferation	1105:1117	arg1	scaffold					1126:1133	the scaffold	1122:1133	the scaffold	1122:1133	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	0	45	theme	carbon	21:26	arg1	nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite					28:59	a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite	15:59	a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite	15:59	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	1	46	theme	engineering	336:346	arg1	field					315:319	the field	311:319	the field of bone tissue engineering	311:346	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	5	47	theme	electron	958:965	arg1	microscopy					967:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	5	48	theme	130-170	906:912	arg1	µm					914:915	130-170 µm	906:915	130-170 µm	906:915	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	1	49	theme	reinforcing	248:258	arg1	materials					260:268	reinforcing materials	248:268	reinforcing materials	248:268	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	0	50	theme	composite	74:82	arg1	scaffold					84:91	composite scaffold	74:91	composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering	74:134	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	9	51	theme	promising	1458:1466	arg1	candidate					1468:1476	a promising candidate	1456:1476	a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering	1456:1504	These results indicate that this scaffold could be a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering.
26491303	9	51	theme	promising	1458:1466	arg1	scaffold					1438:1445	this scaffold	1433:1445	this scaffold	1433:1445	These results indicate that this scaffold could be a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering.
26491303	0	52	from	scaffold	84:91	arg1	engineering					124:134	bone tissue engineering	112:134	bone tissue engineering	112:134	Development of a new carbon nanotube-alginate-hydroxyapatite tricomponent composite scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering.
26491303	8	53	theme	prepared	1386:1393	arg1	scaffold					1395:1402	the prepared scaffold	1382:1402	the prepared scaffold	1382:1402	In vitro studies showed better cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell attachment on the prepared scaffold.
26491303	5	54	theme	pore	893:896	arg1	size					898:901	a pore size	891:901	a pore size of 130-170 µm	891:915	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	2	55	with	scaffold	385:392	arg1	-alginate-hydroxyapatite					447:470	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite	399:470	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity	399:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	1	56	theme	recent	140:145	arg1	times					147:151	recent times	140:151	recent times	140:151	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	6	57	theme	displacement	1026:1037	arg1	method					1039:1044	the liquid displacement method	1015:1044	the liquid displacement method	1015:1044	The total porosity calculated using the liquid displacement method was found to be 93.85%.
26491303	8	58	dep	In	1286:1287	arg1	vitro					1289:1293	vitro	1289:1293	vitro	1289:1293	In vitro studies showed better cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell attachment on the prepared scaffold.
26491303	7	59	theme	cell	1100:1103	arg1	proliferation					1105:1117	cell proliferation	1100:1117	cell proliferation	1100:1117	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	9	60	theme	bone	1482:1485	arg1	engineering					1494:1504	bone tissue engineering	1482:1504	bone tissue engineering	1482:1504	These results indicate that this scaffold could be a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering.
26491303	3	61	theme	thermal	675:681	arg1	calcination					683:693	thermal calcination	675:693	thermal calcination at 800°C	675:702	The hydroxyapatite for the scaffold was isolated from chicken bones by thermal calcination at 800°C.
26491303	2	62	theme	current	356:362	arg1	work					364:367	the current work	352:367	the current work	352:367	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	9	63	theme	tissue	1487:1492	arg1	engineering					1494:1504	bone tissue engineering	1482:1504	bone tissue engineering	1482:1504	These results indicate that this scaffold could be a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering.
26491303	5	64	theme	field	934:938	arg1	microscopy					967:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	field emission scanning electron microscopy	934:976	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	3	65	theme	chicken	658:664	arg1	bones					666:670	chicken bones	658:670	chicken bones	658:670	The hydroxyapatite for the scaffold was isolated from chicken bones by thermal calcination at 800°C.
26491303	5	66	from	microscopy	967:976	arg1	evident					921:927	evident	921:927	evident	921:927	Interconnected porosity with a pore size of 130-170 µm was evident from field emission scanning electron microscopy.
26491303	1	67	theme	tricomponent	154:165	arg1	scaffolds					167:175	tricomponent scaffolds	154:175	tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials	154:268	In recent times, tricomponent scaffolds prepared from naturally occurring polysaccharides, hydroxyapatite, and reinforcing materials have been gaining increased attention in the field of bone tissue engineering.
26491303	2	68	theme	carbon	423:428	arg1	fMWCNT					440:445	fMWCNT	440:445	fMWCNT	440:445	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	2	68	theme	carbon	423:428	arg1	nanotube					430:437	multiwalled carbon nanotube	411:437	an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity	399:497	In the current work, a tricomponent scaffold with an oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT)-alginate-hydroxyapatite with the required porosity was prepared for the first time by a freeze-drying method and characterized using analytical techniques.
26491303	6	69	theme	liquid	1019:1024	arg1	method					1039:1044	the liquid displacement method	1015:1044	the liquid displacement method	1015:1044	The total porosity calculated using the liquid displacement method was found to be 93.85%.
26491303	7	70	theme	Hoechst	1265:1271	arg1	assay					1279:1283	Hoechst stain assay	1265:1283	Hoechst stain assay	1265:1283	In vitro biocompatibility and cell proliferation on the scaffold was checked using an MG-63 cell line by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and cell attachment by Hoechst stain assay.
26491303	8	71	theme	In	1286:1287	arg1	studies					1295:1301	In vitro studies	1286:1301	In vitro studies	1286:1301	In vitro studies showed better cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell attachment on the prepared scaffold.
26180250	9	0	dep	%	1375:1375	arg1	0.001					1382:1386	0.001	1382:1386	0.001	1382:1386	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	2	1	theme	acid	318:321	arg1	profile					328:334	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	2	from	behavior	296:303	arg1	pigs					375:378	pigs	375:378	pigs	375:378	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	8	3	theme	HOSF-fed	1228:1235	arg1	pigs					1237:1240	HOSF-fed pigs	1228:1240	HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning	1228:1265	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	11	4	dep	group	1741:1745	arg1	=					1756:1756	=	1756:1756	=	1756:1756	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	10	5	dep	found	1584:1588	arg1	>					1593:1593	P > 0.10	1591:1598	P > 0.10	1591:1598	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	7	6	theme	Body	894:897	arg1	temperature					899:909	Body temperature	894:909	Body temperature	894:909	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	10	7	theme	P	1591:1591	arg1	>					1593:1593	P > 0.10	1591:1598	P > 0.10	1591:1598	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	13	8	theme	behavioral	1939:1948	arg1	changes					1950:1956	These behavioral changes	1933:1956	These behavioral changes	1933:1956	These behavioral changes may be mediated by increased brain DHA proportions.
26180250	2	9	theme	DHA	289:291	arg1	impact					262:267	the impact	258:267	the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition	258:417	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	9	10	theme	Brain	1268:1272	arg1	concentrations					1278:1291	Brain DHA concentrations	1268:1291	Brain DHA concentrations	1268:1291	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	6	11	theme	lipopolysaccharide	858:875	arg1	challenge					883:891	a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge	856:891	a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge	856:891	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48) were subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.
26180250	12	12	theme	attenuated	1863:1872	arg1	behavior					1883:1890	mildly attenuated sickness behavior	1856:1890	mildly attenuated sickness behavior	1856:1890	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	10	13	theme	necrosis	1469:1476	arg1	factor					1478:1483	tumor necrosis factor α	1463:1485	tumor necrosis factor α	1463:1485	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	2	14	theme	maternal	272:279	arg1	DHA					289:291	maternal dietary DHA	272:291	maternal dietary DHA	272:291	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	0	15	theme	Piglets	114:120	arg1	Response					102:109	Sickness Response	93:109	Sickness Response	93:109	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	0	15	theme	Piglets	114:120	arg1	Profile					80:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	0	15	theme	Piglets	114:120	arg1	Behavior					53:60	Social Behavior	46:60	Social Behavior	46:60	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	10	16	theme	interferon γ	1491:1502	arg1	concentrations					1504:1517	tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations	1463:1517	tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05)	1463:1528	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	10	16	theme	interferon γ	1491:1502	arg1	<					1522:1522	P < 0.05	1520:1527	P < 0.05	1520:1527	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	8	17	dep	wk	1250:1251	arg1	up					1242:1243	up	1242:1243	up	1242:1243	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	1	18	from	development	206:216	arg1	offspring					225:233	the offspring	221:233	the offspring	221:233	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	8	19	dep	=	1088:1088	arg1	%					1083:1083	+262%	1079:1083	+262%	1079:1083	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	8	20	theme	FO-fed	1033:1038	arg1	pigs					1040:1043	FO-fed pigs	1033:1043	FO-fed pigs	1033:1043	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	0	21	theme	Fatty	69:73	arg1	Profile					80:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	4	22	from	litters	673:679	arg1	piglets					654:660	piglets	654:660	piglets from other litters	654:679	At 4 wk of age, 4 piglets per litter were weaned and mixed with piglets from other litters.
26180250	1	23	theme	docosahexaenoic	151:165	arg1	DHA					173:175	DHA	173:175	DHA	173:175	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	1	23	theme	docosahexaenoic	151:165	arg1	acid					167:170	dietary docosahexaenoic acid	143:170	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	5	24	located	observed	695:702	arg2	Behavior					682:689	Behavior	682:689	Behavior	682:689	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	5	24	located	observed	695:702	arg1	piglets					722:728	4- to 8-wk-old piglets	707:728	4- to 8-wk-old piglets	707:728	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	12	25	from	challenge	1914:1922	arg1	pigs					1927:1930	pigs	1927:1930	pigs	1927:1930	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	4	26	theme	age	601:603	arg1	wk					595:596	4 wk	593:596	4 wk of age	593:603	At 4 wk of age, 4 piglets per litter were weaned and mixed with piglets from other litters.
26180250	2	27	theme	sickness	341:348	arg1	response					350:357	sickness response	341:357	sickness response	341:357	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	5	28	theme	4	772:772	arg1	wk					799:800	4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk	772:800	4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk	772:800	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	6	29	theme	Thirteen-week-old	803:819	arg1	n					830:830	n = 48	830:835	n = 48	830:835	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48) were subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.
26180250	6	29	theme	Thirteen-week-old	803:819	arg1	piglets					821:827	Thirteen-week-old piglets	803:827	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48)	803:836	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48) were subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.
26180250	2	30	theme	pertinent	383:391	arg1	behavior					296:303	behavior	296:303	behavior	296:303	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	30	theme	pertinent	383:391	arg1	model					393:397	a pertinent model	381:397	a pertinent model for human nutrition	381:417	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	8	31	theme	oral	1152:1155	arg1	behaviors					1170:1178	fewer oral manipulative behaviors	1146:1178	fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning	1146:1265	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	0	32	theme	Maternal	0:7	arg1	Supplementation					18:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation	0:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation	0:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	5	33	theme	brain	735:739	arg1	composition					744:754	brain FA composition	735:754	brain FA composition	735:754	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	0	34	theme	Oil	14:16	arg1	Supplementation					18:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation	0:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation	0:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	8	35	dep	=	1118:1118	arg1	%					1113:1113	+61%	1110:1113	+61%	1110:1113	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	7	36	dep	motivation	934:943	arg1	approach					948:955	approach	948:955	to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response,	945:1008	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	13	37	theme	increased	1977:1985	arg1	proportions					1997:2007	increased brain DHA proportions	1977:2007	increased brain DHA proportions	1977:2007	These behavioral changes may be mediated by increased brain DHA proportions.
26180250	11	38	theme	saline-treated	1663:1676	arg1	pigs					1678:1681	saline-treated pigs	1663:1681	saline-treated pigs	1663:1681	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	8	39	dep	RESULTS	1025:1031	arg1	tended					1131:1136	tended	1131:1136	tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning	1131:1265	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	8	39	dep	RESULTS	1025:1031	arg1	played					1097:1102	played	1097:1102	played more (+61%, P = 0.03)	1097:1124	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	8	39	dep	RESULTS	1025:1031	arg1	displayed					1045:1053	displayed	1045:1053	displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02)	1045:1094	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	7	40	theme	response	1000:1007	arg1	indicative					975:984	indicative	975:984	indicative	975:984	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	3	41	theme	acid	510:513	arg1	HOSF					530:533	HOSF	530:533	HOSF	530:533	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	41	theme	acid	510:513	arg1	oil					525:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil	499:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg)	499:544	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	41	theme	acid	510:513	arg1	g/kg					540:543	20 g/kg	537:543	20 g/kg	537:543	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	11	42	dep	=	1708:1708	arg1	%					1703:1703	-29%	1700:1703	-29%	1700:1703	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	2	43	theme	fatty	312:316	arg1	FA					324:325	FA	324:325	FA	324:325	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	43	theme	fatty	312:316	arg1	acid					318:321	brain fatty acid	306:321	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	3	44	with	diet	453:456	arg1	oil					525:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil	499:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg)	499:544	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	44	with	diet	453:456	arg1	g/kg					540:543	20 g/kg	537:543	20 g/kg	537:543	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	44	with	diet	453:456	arg1	oil					477:479	DHA-rich fish oil	463:479	DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg)	463:494	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	44	with	diet	453:456	arg1	g/kg					490:493	20 g/kg	487:493	20 g/kg	487:493	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	44	with	diet	453:456	arg1	HOSF					530:533	HOSF	530:533	HOSF	530:533	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	44	with	diet	453:456	arg1	FO					482:483	FO	482:483	FO	482:483	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	10	45	theme	diet	1568:1571	arg1	effect					1573:1578	no diet effect	1565:1578	no diet effect	1565:1578	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	12	46	theme	social	1822:1827	arg1	behavior					1829:1836	social behavior	1822:1836	social behavior after weaning	1822:1850	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	13	47	theme	DHA	1993:1995	arg1	proportions					1997:2007	increased brain DHA proportions	1977:2007	increased brain DHA proportions	1977:2007	These behavioral changes may be mediated by increased brain DHA proportions.
26180250	7	48	theme	indicative	975:984	arg1	human					968:972	a familiar human	957:972	a familiar human	957:972	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	12	49	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1765:1775	arg1	DHA					1786:1788	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA	1765:1788	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA	1765:1788	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	6	50	theme	=	832:832	arg1	n					830:830	n = 48	830:835	n = 48	830:835	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48) were subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.
26180250	6	50	theme	=	832:832	arg1	piglets					821:827	Thirteen-week-old piglets	803:827	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48)	803:836	Thirteen-week-old piglets (n = 48) were subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge.
26180250	11	51	from	human	1652:1656	arg1	group					1741:1745	the FO-fed group	1730:1745	the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11)	1730:1762	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	11	51	from	human	1652:1656	arg1	HOSF-fed					1690:1697	HOSF-fed	1690:1697	HOSF-fed	1690:1697	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	4	52	theme	other	667:671	arg1	litters					673:679	other litters	667:679	other litters	667:679	At 4 wk of age, 4 piglets per litter were weaned and mixed with piglets from other litters.
26180250	10	53	theme	Body	1430:1433	arg1	temperature					1435:1445	Body temperature	1430:1445	Body temperature (P < 0.001)	1430:1457	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	10	53	theme	Body	1430:1433	arg1	<					1450:1450	P < 0.001	1448:1456	P < 0.001	1448:1456	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	9	54	dep	supplementation	1352:1366	arg1	P					1378:1378	P	1378:1378	P	1378:1378	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	9	54	dep	supplementation	1352:1366	arg1	%					1375:1375	+10-50%	1369:1375	+10-50%	1369:1375	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	12	55	theme	inflammatory	1901:1912	arg1	challenge					1914:1922	an inflammatory challenge	1898:1922	an inflammatory challenge in pigs	1898:1930	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	3	56	theme	gestation	561:569	arg1	day					551:553	day 61	551:556	day 61 of gestation	551:569	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	1	57	theme	acid	167:170	arg1	intake					178:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	0	58	theme	Social	46:51	arg1	Behavior					53:60	Social Behavior	46:60	Social Behavior	46:60	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	3	59	theme	fish	472:475	arg1	g/kg					490:493	20 g/kg	487:493	20 g/kg	487:493	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	59	theme	fish	472:475	arg1	FO					482:483	FO	482:483	FO	482:483	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	59	theme	fish	472:475	arg1	oil					477:479	DHA-rich fish oil	463:479	DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg)	463:494	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	11	60	theme	LPS-treated	1602:1612	arg1	pigs					1614:1617	LPS-treated pigs	1602:1617	LPS-treated pigs	1602:1617	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	12	61	theme	sickness	1874:1881	arg1	behavior					1883:1890	mildly attenuated sickness behavior	1856:1890	mildly attenuated sickness behavior	1856:1890	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	2	62	dep	OBJECTIVE	236:244	arg1	assessed					249:256	assessed	249:256	assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition	249:417	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	10	63	theme	factor	1478:1483	arg1	concentrations					1504:1517	tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations	1463:1517	tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05)	1463:1528	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	10	63	theme	factor	1478:1483	arg1	<					1522:1522	P < 0.05	1520:1527	P < 0.05	1520:1527	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	2	64	theme	dietary	281:287	arg1	DHA					289:291	maternal dietary DHA	272:291	maternal dietary DHA	272:291	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	9	65	theme	DHA	1274:1276	arg1	concentrations					1278:1291	Brain DHA concentrations	1268:1291	Brain DHA concentrations	1268:1291	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	10	66	theme	tumor	1463:1467	arg1	factor					1478:1483	tumor necrosis factor α	1463:1485	tumor necrosis factor α	1463:1485	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	9	67	dep	wk	1343:1344	arg1	up					1334:1335	up	1334:1335	up	1334:1335	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	8	68	dep	mates	1196:1200	arg1	=					1211:1211	=	1211:1211	=	1211:1211	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	8	68	dep	mates	1196:1200	arg1	did					1224:1226	did	1224:1226	did	1224:1226	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	11	69	dep	=	1756:1756	arg1	%					1751:1751	-13%	1748:1751	-13%	1748:1751	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	5	70	theme	=	793:793	arg1	n					791:791	n = 12	791:796	n = 12	791:796	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	5	70	theme	=	793:793	arg1	14					787:788	14	787:788	14	787:788	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	0	71	theme	Brain	63:67	arg1	Profile					80:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	1	72	theme	BACKGROUND	123:132	arg1	intake					178:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	2	73	from	impact	262:267	arg1	profile					328:334	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	73	from	impact	262:267	arg1	model					393:397	a pertinent model	381:397	a pertinent model for human nutrition	381:417	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	73	from	impact	262:267	arg1	behavior					296:303	behavior	296:303	behavior	296:303	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	73	from	impact	262:267	arg1	response					350:357	sickness response	341:357	sickness response	341:357	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	9	74	theme	HOSF-fed	1320:1327	arg1	pigs					1329:1332	HOSF-fed pigs	1320:1332	HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001)	1320:1387	Brain DHA concentrations were higher in FO- than in HOSF-fed pigs up to 10 wk after supplementation (+10-50%, P < 0.001), although differences declined with age.
26180250	10	75	theme	P	1520:1520	arg1	concentrations					1504:1517	tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations	1463:1517	tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05)	1463:1528	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	10	75	theme	P	1520:1520	arg1	<					1522:1522	P < 0.05	1520:1527	P < 0.05	1520:1527	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	0	76	theme	Acid	75:78	arg1	Profile					80:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Brain Fatty Acid Profile	63:86	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	8	77	dep	did	1224:1226	arg1	than					1219:1222	than	1219:1222	than	1219:1222	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	1	78	theme	dietary	143:149	arg1	DHA					173:175	DHA	173:175	DHA	173:175	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	1	78	theme	dietary	143:149	arg1	acid					167:170	dietary docosahexaenoic acid	143:170	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	10	79	theme	LPS	1546:1548	arg1	injection					1550:1558	LPS injection	1546:1558	LPS injection	1546:1558	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	7	80	theme	plasma	912:917	arg1	cytokines					919:927	plasma cytokines	912:927	plasma cytokines	912:927	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	3	81	theme	DHA-rich	463:470	arg1	g/kg					490:493	20 g/kg	487:493	20 g/kg	487:493	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	81	theme	DHA-rich	463:470	arg1	FO					482:483	FO	482:483	FO	482:483	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	81	theme	DHA-rich	463:470	arg1	oil					477:479	DHA-rich fish oil	463:479	DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg)	463:494	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	8	82	theme	fewer	1146:1150	arg1	behaviors					1170:1178	fewer oral manipulative behaviors	1146:1178	fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning	1146:1265	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	0	83	theme	Sickness	93:100	arg1	Response					102:109	Sickness Response	93:109	Sickness Response	93:109	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	8	84	dep	=	1211:1211	arg1	%					1206:1206	-25%	1203:1206	-25%	1203:1206	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	8	85	theme	manipulative	1157:1168	arg1	behaviors					1170:1178	fewer oral manipulative behaviors	1146:1178	fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning	1146:1265	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	0	86	theme	Fish	9:12	arg1	Supplementation					18:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation	0:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation	0:32	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	5	87	dep	4-	707:708	arg1	to					710:711	to	710:711	to	710:711	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	5	88	theme	FA	741:742	arg1	composition					744:754	brain FA composition	735:754	brain FA composition	735:754	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	8	89	theme	pen	1192:1194	arg1	mates					1196:1200	pen mates	1192:1200	pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning	1192:1265	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	8	90	theme	social	1060:1065	arg1	activities					1067:1076	more social activities	1055:1076	more social activities	1055:1076	RESULTS FO-fed pigs displayed more social activities (+262%, P = 0.02), played more (+61%, P = 0.03), and tended to show fewer oral manipulative behaviors directed at pen mates (-25%, P = 0.06) than did HOSF-fed pigs up to 4 wk after weaning.
26180250	3	91	theme	sunflower	515:523	arg1	HOSF					530:533	HOSF	530:533	HOSF	530:533	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	91	theme	sunflower	515:523	arg1	oil					525:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil	499:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg)	499:544	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	91	theme	sunflower	515:523	arg1	g/kg					540:543	20 g/kg	537:543	20 g/kg	537:543	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	2	92	theme	offspring	362:370	arg1	behavior					296:303	behavior	296:303	behavior	296:303	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	92	theme	offspring	362:370	arg1	model					393:397	a pertinent model	381:397	a pertinent model for human nutrition	381:417	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	92	theme	offspring	362:370	arg1	profile					328:334	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	92	theme	offspring	362:370	arg1	response					350:357	sickness response	341:357	sickness response	341:357	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	0	93	dep	Behavior	53:60	arg1	the					42:44	the	42:44	the	42:44	Maternal Fish Oil Supplementation Affects the Social Behavior, Brain Fatty Acid Profile, and Sickness Response of Piglets.
26180250	7	94	theme	sickness	991:998	arg1	response					1000:1007	a sickness response	989:1007	a sickness response	989:1007	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	2	95	theme	human	403:407	arg1	nutrition					409:417	human nutrition	403:417	human nutrition	403:417	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	11	96	dep	HOSF-fed	1690:1697	arg1	=					1708:1708	=	1708:1708	=	1708:1708	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	3	97	theme	high-oleic	499:508	arg1	HOSF					530:533	HOSF	530:533	HOSF	530:533	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	97	theme	high-oleic	499:508	arg1	oil					525:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil	499:527	high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg)	499:544	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	97	theme	high-oleic	499:508	arg1	g/kg					540:543	20 g/kg	537:543	20 g/kg	537:543	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	13	98	theme	brain	1987:1991	arg1	proportions					1997:2007	increased brain DHA proportions	1977:2007	increased brain DHA proportions	1977:2007	These behavioral changes may be mediated by increased brain DHA proportions.
26180250	5	99	theme	14	787:788	arg1	wk					799:800	4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk	772:800	4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk	772:800	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	2	100	from	profile	328:334	arg1	pigs					375:378	pigs	375:378	pigs	375:378	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	1	101	theme	Maternal	134:141	arg1	intake					178:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake	123:183	BACKGROUND Maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is thought to affect development in the offspring.
26180250	3	102	theme	=	436:436	arg1	Sows					428:431	METHODS Sows	420:431	METHODS Sows (n = 24)	420:440	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	102	theme	=	436:436	arg1	n					434:434	n = 24	434:439	n = 24	434:439	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	2	103	theme	brain	306:310	arg1	FA					324:325	FA	324:325	FA	324:325	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	2	103	theme	brain	306:310	arg1	acid					318:321	brain fatty acid	306:321	brain fatty acid (FA) profile	306:334	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	12	104	theme	Maternal	1777:1784	arg1	DHA					1786:1788	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA	1765:1788	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA	1765:1788	CONCLUSIONS Maternal DHA beneficially affected offspring social behavior after weaning and mildly attenuated sickness behavior after an inflammatory challenge in pigs.
26180250	3	105	theme	METHODS	420:426	arg1	Sows					428:431	METHODS Sows	420:431	METHODS Sows (n = 24)	420:440	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	3	105	theme	METHODS	420:426	arg1	n					434:434	n = 24	434:439	n = 24	434:439	METHODS Sows (n = 24) were fed a diet with DHA-rich fish oil (FO) (20 g/kg) or high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSF) (20 g/kg) from day 61 of gestation through lactation.
26180250	5	106	theme	=	777:777	arg1	n					775:775	n = 15	775:780	n = 15	775:780	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	5	106	theme	=	777:777	arg1	4					772:772	4	772:772	4	772:772	Behavior was observed in 4- to 8-wk-old piglets, and brain FA composition was analyzed at 4 (n = 15) and 14 (n = 12) wk.
26180250	2	107	from	response	350:357	arg1	pigs					375:378	pigs	375:378	pigs	375:378	OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of maternal dietary DHA on behavior, brain fatty acid (FA) profile, and sickness response of offspring in pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition.
26180250	7	108	theme	familiar	959:966	arg1	human					968:972	a familiar human	957:972	a familiar human	957:972	Body temperature, plasma cytokines, and motivation to approach a familiar human, indicative of a sickness response, were measured.
26180250	11	109	theme	FO-fed	1734:1739	arg1	group					1741:1745	the FO-fed group	1730:1745	the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11)	1730:1762	LPS-treated pigs were less likely to approach the human than saline-treated pigs in the HOSF-fed (-29%, P = 0.0003), but not in the FO-fed group (-13%, P = 0.11).
26180250	10	110	theme	P	1448:1448	arg1	temperature					1435:1445	Body temperature	1430:1445	Body temperature (P < 0.001)	1430:1457	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
26180250	10	110	theme	P	1448:1448	arg1	<					1450:1450	P < 0.001	1448:1456	P < 0.001	1448:1456	Body temperature (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ concentrations (P < 0.05) increased after LPS injection, but no diet effect was found (P > 0.10).
25300465	2	0	theme	propionic	640:648	arg1	acid					682:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	0	theme	propionic	640:648	arg1	product					701:707	metabolic product	691:707	metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	691:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	0	theme	propionic	640:648	arg1	PPA					656:658	PPA	656:658	PPA	656:658	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	0	theme	propionic	640:648	arg1	acid					650:653	propionic acid	640:653	propionic acid (PPA)	640:659	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	1	1	theme	risk	263:266	arg1	factors					268:274	Potential environmental risk factors	239:274	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)	239:310	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	3	2	from	control	881:887	arg1	G16					865:867	G16	865:867	G16	865:867	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	2	from	control	881:887	arg1	G15					857:859	G15	857:859	G15	857:859	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	0	3	from	response	146:153	arg1	rats					193:196	adolescent rats	182:196	adolescent rats	182:196	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	6	4	theme	postnatal	1147:1155	arg1	treatments					1157:1166	Prenatal and postnatal treatments	1134:1166	Prenatal and postnatal treatments	1134:1166	Prenatal and postnatal treatments altered startle behavior in a sex-specific manner.
25300465	0	5	dep	effects	19:25	arg1	relevance					199:207	relevance	199:207	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.	0:237	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	6	6	theme	Prenatal	1134:1141	arg1	treatments					1157:1166	Prenatal and postnatal treatments	1134:1166	Prenatal and postnatal treatments	1134:1166	Prenatal and postnatal treatments altered startle behavior in a sex-specific manner.
25300465	8	7	from	treatment	1477:1485	arg1	offspring					1511:1519	both male and female offspring	1490:1519	both male and female offspring	1490:1519	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	4	8	from	days	1030:1033	arg1	day					993:995	a day	991:995	a day	991:995	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	4	8	from	days	1030:1033	arg1	day					1011:1013	every second day	998:1013	every second day from postnatal days 10-18	998:1039	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	4	9	theme	second	1004:1009	arg1	day					993:995	a day	991:995	a day	991:995	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	4	9	theme	second	1004:1009	arg1	day					1011:1013	every second day	998:1013	every second day from postnatal days 10-18	998:1039	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	3	10	theme	Long-Evans	760:769	arg1	rats					771:774	Pregnant Long-Evans rats	751:774	Pregnant Long-Evans rats	751:774	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	11	11	theme	sensory	1930:1936	arg1	abnormalities					1938:1950	sensory abnormalities	1930:1950	sensory abnormalities observed in ASD	1930:1966	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	10	12	theme	acoustic	1697:1704	arg1	startle					1706:1712	acoustic startle	1697:1712	acoustic startle	1697:1712	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	7	13	theme	acoustic	1272:1279	arg1	startle					1281:1287	acoustic startle	1272:1287	acoustic startle in males, but not females	1272:1313	Prenatal LPS treatment produced hyper-sensitivity to acoustic startle in males, but not females and did not alter prepulse inhibition.
25300465	2	14	theme	antibiotic	712:721	arg1	bacteria					741:748	antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	712:748	antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	712:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	15	theme	startle	138:144	arg1	response					146:153	acoustic startle response	129:153	acoustic startle response	129:153	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	4	16	dep	Male	910:913	arg1	offspring					926:934	offspring	926:934	offspring	926:934	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	10	17	theme	prenatal	1649:1656	arg1	PPA					1644:1646	PPA	1644:1646	PPA	1644:1646	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	2	18	theme	prepulse	539:546	arg1	inhibition					548:557	prepulse inhibition	539:557	prepulse inhibition	539:557	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	8	19	theme	startle	1376:1382	arg1	responses					1384:1392	startle responses	1376:1392	startle responses	1376:1392	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	4	20	theme	mg/kg	964:968	arg1	PPA					955:957	PPA	955:957	PPA (500 mg/kg SC)	955:972	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	4	20	theme	mg/kg	964:968	arg1	SC					970:971	500 mg/kg SC	960:971	500 mg/kg SC	960:971	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	0	21	from	effects	19:25	arg1	response					146:153	acoustic startle response	129:153	acoustic startle response	129:153	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	0	21	from	effects	19:25	arg1	inhibition					168:177	prepulse inhibition	159:177	prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats	159:196	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	2	22	theme	enteric	733:739	arg1	bacteria					741:748	antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	712:748	antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	712:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	23	theme	prenatal	75:82	arg1	exposure					98:105	prenatal and postnatal exposure	75:105	prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid	75:123	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	0	24	theme	adolescent	182:191	arg1	rats					193:196	adolescent rats	182:196	adolescent rats	182:196	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	3	25	theme	μg/kg	844:848	arg1	SC					850:851	50 μg/kg SC	841:851	50 μg/kg SC	841:851	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	25	theme	μg/kg	844:848	arg1	LPS					836:838	LPS	836:838	LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16	836:867	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	2	26	theme	short	664:668	arg1	acid					682:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	26	theme	short	664:668	arg1	acid					650:653	propionic acid	640:653	propionic acid (PPA)	640:659	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	27	theme	postnatal	88:96	arg1	exposure					98:105	prenatal and postnatal exposure	75:105	prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid	75:123	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	1	28	theme	microbiome	361:370	arg1	composition					372:382	an altered microbiome composition	350:382	an altered microbiome composition	350:382	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	3	29	with	day	797:799	arg1	PPA					806:808	PPA	806:808	PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16	806:907	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	29	with	day	797:799	arg1	SC					821:822	500 mg/kg SC	811:822	500 mg/kg SC	811:822	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	11	30	theme	metabolic	1834:1842	arg1	products					1844:1851	metabolic products	1834:1851	metabolic products	1834:1851	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	8	31	from	alterations	1361:1371	arg1	responses					1384:1392	startle responses	1376:1392	startle responses	1376:1392	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	7	32	theme	LPS	1228:1230	arg1	treatment					1232:1240	Prenatal LPS treatment	1219:1240	Prenatal LPS treatment	1219:1240	Prenatal LPS treatment produced hyper-sensitivity to acoustic startle in males, but not females and did not alter prepulse inhibition.
25300465	8	33	theme	postnatal	1463:1471	arg1	PPA					1473:1475	postnatal PPA	1463:1475	postnatal PPA	1463:1475	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	1	34	theme	autism	280:285	arg1	disorders					296:304	autism spectrum disorders	280:304	autism spectrum disorders (ASD)	280:310	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	1	34	theme	autism	280:285	arg1	ASD					307:309	ASD	307:309	ASD	307:309	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	2	35	theme	factors	470:476	arg1	administration					424:437	administration	424:437	administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life	424:508	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	8	36	theme	PPA	1455:1457	arg1	treatment					1477:1485	prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment	1446:1485	prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring	1446:1519	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	2	37	theme	fatty	676:680	arg1	acid					682:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	37	theme	fatty	676:680	arg1	acid					650:653	propionic acid	640:653	propionic acid (PPA)	640:659	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	38	from	inhibition	168:177	arg1	rats					193:196	adolescent rats	182:196	adolescent rats	182:196	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	10	39	theme	hit	1749:1751	arg1	hypothesis					1753:1762	the double hit hypothesis	1738:1762	the double hit hypothesis	1738:1762	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	11	40	theme	immune	1812:1817	arg1	activation					1819:1828	immune activation	1812:1828	immune activation	1812:1828	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	0	41	theme	prenatal	30:37	arg1	exposure					39:46	prenatal exposure	30:46	prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide	30:68	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	2	42	theme	early	499:503	arg1	life					505:508	early life	499:508	early life	499:508	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	3	43	from	PPA	806:808	arg1	control					881:887	vehicle control	873:887	vehicle control	873:887	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	43	from	PPA	806:808	arg1	LPS					836:838	LPS	836:838	LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16	836:867	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	43	from	PPA	806:808	arg1	G12-16					892:897	G12-16	892:897	G12-16	892:897	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	43	from	PPA	806:808	arg1	G12-16					828:833	G12-16	828:833	G12-16	828:833	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	43	from	PPA	806:808	arg1	G15-16					902:907	G15-16	902:907	G15-16	902:907	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	43	from	PPA	806:808	arg1	SC					850:851	50 μg/kg SC	841:851	50 μg/kg SC	841:851	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	5	44	theme	prepulse	1063:1070	arg1	inhibition					1072:1081	prepulse inhibition	1063:1081	prepulse inhibition	1063:1081	Acoustic startle and prepulse inhibition was measured on postnatal days 45, 47, 49, and 51.
25300465	9	45	theme	PPA	1531:1533	arg1	treatment					1535:1543	Prenatal PPA treatment	1522:1543	Prenatal PPA treatment	1522:1543	Prenatal PPA treatment decreased prepulse inhibition in females, but not males.
25300465	11	46	theme	current	1769:1775	arg1	study					1777:1781	The current study	1765:1781	The current study	1765:1781	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	6	47	theme	startle	1176:1182	arg1	behavior					1184:1191	startle behavior	1176:1191	startle behavior	1176:1191	Prenatal and postnatal treatments altered startle behavior in a sex-specific manner.
25300465	1	48	theme	environmental	249:261	arg1	factors					268:274	Potential environmental risk factors	239:274	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)	239:310	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	9	49	theme	prepulse	1555:1562	arg1	inhibition					1564:1573	prepulse inhibition	1555:1573	prepulse inhibition	1555:1573	Prenatal PPA treatment decreased prepulse inhibition in females, but not males.
25300465	3	50	theme	Pregnant	751:758	arg1	rats					771:774	Pregnant Long-Evans rats	751:774	Pregnant Long-Evans rats	751:774	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	10	51	theme	PPA	1644:1646	arg1	hit					1637:1639	a double hit	1628:1639	a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal,	1628:1671	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	7	52	theme	prepulse	1333:1340	arg1	inhibition					1342:1351	prepulse inhibition	1333:1351	prepulse inhibition	1333:1351	Prenatal LPS treatment produced hyper-sensitivity to acoustic startle in males, but not females and did not alter prepulse inhibition.
25300465	11	53	located	observed	1952:1959	arg2	abnormalities					1938:1950	sensory abnormalities	1930:1950	sensory abnormalities observed in ASD	1930:1966	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	11	53	located	observed	1952:1959	arg1	ASD					1964:1966	ASD	1964:1966	ASD	1964:1966	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	0	54	theme	autism	212:217	arg1	disorders					228:236	autism spectrum disorders	212:236	autism spectrum disorders	212:236	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	3	55	from	LPS	836:838	arg1	G16					865:867	G16	865:867	G16	865:867	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	55	from	LPS	836:838	arg1	G15					857:859	G15	857:859	G15	857:859	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	10	56	theme	postnatal	1662:1670	arg1	PPA					1644:1646	PPA	1644:1646	PPA	1644:1646	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	4	57	theme	postnatal	1020:1028	arg1	days					1030:1033	postnatal days 10-18	1020:1039	postnatal days 10-18	1020:1039	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	0	58	theme	acoustic	129:136	arg1	response					146:153	acoustic startle response	129:153	acoustic startle response	129:153	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	11	59	theme	enteric	1856:1862	arg1	bacteria					1864:1871	enteric bacteria	1856:1871	enteric bacteria	1856:1871	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	8	60	theme	Subtle	1354:1359	arg1	alterations					1361:1371	Subtle alterations	1354:1371	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials	1354:1430	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	2	61	theme	resistant	723:731	arg1	bacteria					741:748	antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	712:748	antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	712:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	6	62	theme	sex-specific	1198:1209	arg1	manner					1211:1216	a sex-specific manner	1196:1216	a sex-specific manner	1196:1216	Prenatal and postnatal treatments altered startle behavior in a sex-specific manner.
25300465	5	63	theme	Acoustic	1042:1049	arg1	startle					1051:1057	Acoustic startle	1042:1057	Acoustic startle	1042:1057	Acoustic startle and prepulse inhibition was measured on postnatal days 45, 47, 49, and 51.
25300465	0	64	theme	prepulse	159:166	arg1	inhibition					168:177	prepulse inhibition	159:177	prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats	159:196	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	3	65	theme	mg/kg	815:819	arg1	PPA					806:808	PPA	806:808	PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16	806:907	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	65	theme	mg/kg	815:819	arg1	SC					821:822	500 mg/kg SC	811:822	500 mg/kg SC	811:822	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	2	66	theme	bacteria	741:748	arg1	acid					682:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	66	theme	bacteria	741:748	arg1	product					701:707	metabolic product	691:707	metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	691:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	66	theme	bacteria	741:748	arg1	acid					650:653	propionic acid	640:653	propionic acid (PPA)	640:659	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	4	67	dep	days	1030:1033	arg1	10-18					1035:1039	10-18	1035:1039	10-18	1035:1039	Male and female offspring were injected with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) or vehicle twice a day, every second day from postnatal days 10-18.
25300465	2	68	theme	startle	518:524	arg1	response					526:533	startle response	518:533	startle response	518:533	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	8	69	theme	repeated	1416:1423	arg1	trials					1425:1430	repeated trials	1416:1430	repeated trials	1416:1430	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	2	70	theme	chain	670:674	arg1	acid					682:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	a short chain fatty acid	662:685	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	70	theme	chain	670:674	arg1	acid					650:653	propionic acid	640:653	propionic acid (PPA)	640:659	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	71	theme	exposure	98:105	arg1	effects					19:25	Sexually dimorphic effects	0:25	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.	0:237	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	1	72	theme	altered	353:359	arg1	composition					372:382	an altered microbiome composition	350:382	an altered microbiome composition	350:382	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	0	73	theme	spectrum	219:226	arg1	disorders					228:236	autism spectrum disorders	212:236	autism spectrum disorders	212:236	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	2	74	theme	adolescent	562:571	arg1	offspring					573:581	adolescent offspring	562:581	adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	562:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	75	theme	propionic	110:118	arg1	acid					120:123	propionic acid	110:123	propionic acid	110:123	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	7	76	theme	Prenatal	1219:1226	arg1	treatment					1232:1240	Prenatal LPS treatment	1219:1240	Prenatal LPS treatment	1219:1240	Prenatal LPS treatment produced hyper-sensitivity to acoustic startle in males, but not females and did not alter prepulse inhibition.
25300465	8	77	theme	prenatal	1446:1453	arg1	treatment					1477:1485	prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment	1446:1485	prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring	1446:1519	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	2	78	theme	metabolic	691:699	arg1	product					701:707	metabolic product	691:707	metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria	691:748	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	2	78	theme	metabolic	691:699	arg1	acid					650:653	propionic acid	640:653	propionic acid (PPA)	640:659	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	79	theme	dimorphic	9:17	arg1	effects					19:25	Sexually dimorphic effects	0:25	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.	0:237	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	2	80	theme	present	389:395	arg1	study					397:401	The present study	385:401	The present study	385:401	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	1	81	theme	spectrum	287:294	arg1	disorders					296:304	autism spectrum disorders	280:304	autism spectrum disorders (ASD)	280:310	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	1	81	theme	spectrum	287:294	arg1	ASD					307:309	ASD	307:309	ASD	307:309	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	7	82	from	startle	1281:1287	arg1	females					1307:1313	females	1307:1313	females	1307:1313	Prenatal LPS treatment produced hyper-sensitivity to acoustic startle in males, but not females and did not alter prepulse inhibition.
25300465	7	82	from	startle	1281:1287	arg1	males					1292:1296	males	1292:1296	males	1292:1296	Prenatal LPS treatment produced hyper-sensitivity to acoustic startle in males, but not females and did not alter prepulse inhibition.
25300465	2	83	theme	gastrointestinal	453:468	arg1	factors					470:476	immune and gastrointestinal factors	442:476	immune and gastrointestinal factors	442:476	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	8	84	theme	PPA	1473:1475	arg1	treatment					1477:1485	prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment	1446:1485	prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring	1446:1519	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	2	85	theme	immune	442:447	arg1	factors					470:476	immune and gastrointestinal factors	442:476	immune and gastrointestinal factors	442:476	The present study investigated whether administration of immune and gastrointestinal factors during gestation and early life altered startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent offspring using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic, and propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid and metabolic product of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
25300465	0	86	theme	exposure	39:46	arg1	effects					19:25	Sexually dimorphic effects	0:25	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.	0:237	Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide, and prenatal and postnatal exposure to propionic acid, on acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorders.
25300465	5	87	theme	postnatal	1099:1107	arg1	days					1109:1112	postnatal days 45, 47, 49, and 51	1099:1131	postnatal days 45, 47, 49, and 51	1099:1131	Acoustic startle and prepulse inhibition was measured on postnatal days 45, 47, 49, and 51.
25300465	3	88	theme	vehicle	873:879	arg1	control					881:887	vehicle control	873:887	vehicle control	873:887	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	89	from	G12-16	828:833	arg1	G16					865:867	G16	865:867	G16	865:867	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	3	89	from	G12-16	828:833	arg1	G15					857:859	G15	857:859	G15	857:859	Pregnant Long-Evans rats were injected once a day with PPA (500 mg/kg SC) on G12-16, LPS (50 μg/kg SC) on G15 and G16, or vehicle control on G12-16 or G15-16.
25300465	10	90	theme	double	1742:1747	arg1	hypothesis					1753:1762	the double hit hypothesis	1738:1762	the double hit hypothesis	1738:1762	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	8	91	theme	male	1495:1498	arg1	offspring					1511:1519	both male and female offspring	1490:1519	both male and female offspring	1490:1519	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	1	92	theme	viral/bacterial	320:334	arg1	infection					336:344	viral/bacterial infection	320:344	viral/bacterial infection	320:344	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
25300465	9	93	theme	Prenatal	1522:1529	arg1	treatment					1535:1543	Prenatal PPA treatment	1522:1543	Prenatal PPA treatment	1522:1543	Prenatal PPA treatment decreased prepulse inhibition in females, but not males.
25300465	11	94	theme	bacteria	1864:1871	arg1	activation					1819:1828	immune activation	1812:1828	immune activation	1812:1828	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	11	94	theme	bacteria	1864:1871	arg1	products					1844:1851	metabolic products	1834:1851	metabolic products	1834:1851	The current study supports the hypotheses that immune activation and metabolic products of enteric bacteria may alter development and behavior in ways that resemble sensory abnormalities observed in ASD.
25300465	8	95	theme	female	1504:1509	arg1	offspring					1511:1519	both male and female offspring	1490:1519	both male and female offspring	1490:1519	Subtle alterations in startle responses that disappeared with repeated trials occurred with prenatal PPA and postnatal PPA treatment in both male and female offspring.
25300465	10	96	theme	double	1630:1635	arg1	hit					1637:1639	a double hit	1628:1639	a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal,	1628:1671	Lastly, females receiving a double hit of PPA, prenatal and postnatal, showed sensitization to acoustic startle, providing evidence for the double hit hypothesis.
25300465	1	97	theme	Potential	239:247	arg1	factors					268:274	Potential environmental risk factors	239:274	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)	239:310	Potential environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) include viral/bacterial infection and an altered microbiome composition.
24211970	8	0	from	defects	1163:1169	arg1	group					1188:1192	the composite group	1174:1192	the composite group	1174:1192	The results showed that far more new bone and bone marrow grew into the bone defects in the composite group.
24211970	1	1	theme	cement	161:166	arg1	phosphate					151:159	calcium phosphate cement	143:166	calcium phosphate cement (CPC)	143:172	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	1	theme	cement	161:166	arg1	CPC					169:171	CPC	169:171	CPC	169:171	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	10	2	theme	control	1360:1366	arg1	group					1368:1372	the control group	1356:1372	the control group	1356:1372	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	3	3	theme	phosphate/calcium	509:525	arg1	β-TCP/CPC					545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	3	theme	phosphate/calcium	509:525	arg1	cement					537:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement	496:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	496:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	9	4	theme	Few	1195:1197	arg1	cells					1223:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells were observed postoperatively.
24211970	3	5	theme	study	359:363	arg1	aim					347:349	The aim	343:349	The aim of this study	343:363	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	6	6	theme	Bone	823:826	arg1	degradation					839:849	Bone substitute degradation	823:849	Bone substitute degradation	823:849	Bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by CBCT, and the defects were examined histologically 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
24211970	11	7	theme	promising	1479:1487	arg1	composite					1402:1410	a composite	1400:1410	a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1400:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	11	7	theme	promising	1479:1487	arg1	cells/β-TCP/CPC					1438:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	11	7	theme	promising	1479:1487	arg1	material					1500:1507	a promising injectable material	1477:1507	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1477:1545	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	8	8	theme	bone	1132:1135	arg1	marrow					1137:1142	far more new bone and bone marrow	1110:1142	marrow	1137:1142	The results showed that far more new bone and bone marrow grew into the bone defects in the composite group.
24211970	4	9	theme	New	629:631	arg1	rabbits					647:653	New Zealand White rabbits	629:653	New Zealand White rabbits	629:653	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	5	10	theme	control	667:673	arg1	β-TCP/CPC					656:664	β-TCP/CPC	656:664	β-TCP/CPC (control group)	656:680	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	5	10	theme	control	667:673	arg1	group					675:679	control group	667:679	control group	667:679	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	2	11	dep	degradation	301:311	arg1	bioactivity					323:333	bioactivity	323:333	bioactivity	323:333	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells can pick up the degradation speed and bioactivity of CPC.
24211970	2	11	dep	degradation	301:311	arg1	speed					313:317	speed	313:317	speed	313:317	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells can pick up the degradation speed and bioactivity of CPC.
24211970	10	12	theme	native	1273:1278	arg1	cells					1280:1284	more native cells	1268:1284	more native cells	1268:1284	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	8	13	theme	bone	1158:1161	arg1	defects					1163:1169	the bone defects	1154:1169	the bone defects in the composite group	1154:1192	The results showed that far more new bone and bone marrow grew into the bone defects in the composite group.
24211970	3	14	theme	cells	475:479	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	14	theme	cells	475:479	arg1	composite					408:416	a composite	406:416	a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	406:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	10	15	theme	more	1268:1271	arg1	cells					1280:1284	more native cells	1268:1284	more native cells	1268:1284	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	3	16	theme	rabbit	439:444	arg1	rBMMSCs					482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	16	theme	rabbit	439:444	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	5	17	theme	bone	794:797	arg1	defects					799:805	the bone defects	790:805	the bone defects of both femurs	790:820	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	4	18	theme	Zealand	633:639	arg1	rabbits					647:653	New Zealand White rabbits	629:653	New Zealand White rabbits	629:653	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	4	19	theme	femoral	601:607	arg1	regions					618:624	both femoral condylar regions	596:624	both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits	596:653	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	1	20	theme	self-setting	201:212	arg1	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	20	theme	self-setting	201:212	arg1	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	3	21	theme	bone	446:449	arg1	rBMMSCs					482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	21	theme	bone	446:449	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	0	22	theme	rBMMSCs/calcium	18:32	arg1	cement					44:49	rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement	18:49	rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement	18:49	Microencapsulated rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement for bone formation in vivo.
24211970	1	23	theme	injectable	85:94	arg1	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	23	theme	injectable	85:94	arg1	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	4	24	theme	rabbits	647:653	arg1	regions					618:624	both femoral condylar regions	596:624	both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits	596:653	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	3	25	theme	osteogenic	384:393	arg1	ability					395:401	the osteogenic ability	380:401	the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	380:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	6	26	dep	weeks	957:961	arg1	implantation					969:980	implantation	969:980	implantation	969:980	Bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by CBCT, and the defects were examined histologically 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
24211970	10	27	theme	group	1336:1340	arg1	areas					1313:1317	the graft areas	1303:1317	the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group	1303:1372	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	11	28	theme	new	1531:1533	arg1	tissue					1540:1545	new bone tissue	1531:1545	new bone tissue	1531:1545	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	5	29	theme	composite	742:750	arg1	composite					731:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite	686:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group)	686:757	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	5	29	theme	composite	742:750	arg1	group					752:756	composite group	742:756	composite group	742:756	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	1	30	theme	good	178:181	arg1	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	30	theme	good	178:181	arg1	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	6	31	dep	degradation	839:849	arg1	substitute					828:837	substitute	828:837	substitute	828:837	Bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by CBCT, and the defects were examined histologically 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
24211970	5	32	theme	microencapsulated	695:711	arg1	composite					731:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite	686:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group)	686:757	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	5	32	theme	microencapsulated	695:711	arg1	group					752:756	composite group	742:756	composite group	742:756	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	11	33	theme	bone	1535:1538	arg1	tissue					1540:1545	new bone tissue	1531:1545	new bone tissue	1531:1545	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	1	34	theme	material	105:112	arg1	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	34	theme	material	105:112	arg1	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	11	35	theme	cells/β-TCP/CPC	1438:1452	arg1	composite					1402:1410	a composite	1400:1410	a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1400:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	11	35	theme	cells/β-TCP/CPC	1438:1452	arg1	cells/β-TCP/CPC					1438:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	11	35	theme	cells/β-TCP/CPC	1438:1452	arg1	material					1500:1507	a promising injectable material	1477:1507	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1477:1545	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	3	36	theme	stem	470:473	arg1	rBMMSCs					482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	36	theme	stem	470:473	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	0	37	theme	phosphate	34:42	arg1	cement					44:49	rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement	18:49	rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement	18:49	Microencapsulated rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement for bone formation in vivo.
24211970	5	38	theme	rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC	713:729	arg1	composite					731:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite	686:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group)	686:757	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	5	38	theme	rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC	713:729	arg1	group					752:756	composite group	742:756	composite group	742:756	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	9	39	theme	CM-Dil	1199:1204	arg1	cells					1223:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells were observed postoperatively.
24211970	11	40	theme	microencapsulated	1415:1431	arg1	cells/β-TCP/CPC					1438:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	3	41	theme	phosphate	527:535	arg1	β-TCP/CPC					545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	41	theme	phosphate	527:535	arg1	cement					537:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement	496:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	496:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	0	42	theme	bone	55:58	arg1	formation					60:68	bone formation	55:68	bone formation	55:68	Microencapsulated rBMMSCs/calcium phosphate cement for bone formation in vivo.
24211970	4	43	theme	Cavity	565:570	arg1	defects					572:578	Cavity defects	565:578	Cavity defects	565:578	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	1	44	contain	has	174:176	arg1	phosphate					151:159	calcium phosphate cement	143:166	calcium phosphate cement (CPC)	143:172	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	44	contain	has	174:176	arg2	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	44	contain	has	174:176	arg1	CPC					169:171	CPC	169:171	CPC	169:171	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	44	contain	has	174:176	arg2	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	3	45	theme	microencapsulated	421:437	arg1	rBMMSCs					482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	45	theme	microencapsulated	421:437	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	46	theme	marrow	451:456	arg1	rBMMSCs					482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	46	theme	marrow	451:456	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	47	theme	composite	408:416	arg1	ability					395:401	the osteogenic ability	380:401	the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	380:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	48	with	cells	475:479	arg1	β-TCP/CPC					545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	48	with	cells	475:479	arg1	cement					537:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement	496:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	496:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	9	49	theme	labeled	1206:1212	arg1	cells					1223:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells were observed postoperatively.
24211970	7	50	theme	carbocyanine	1008:1019	arg1	CM-Dil					1021:1026	fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil	996:1026	fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil	996:1026	In addition, fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil was used to track the rBMMSCs in vivo after implantation.
24211970	3	51	theme	mesenchymal	458:468	arg1	rBMMSCs					482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	rBMMSCs	482:488	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	51	theme	mesenchymal	458:468	arg1	cells					475:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	421:479	microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	421:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	52	theme	β-tricalcium	496:507	arg1	β-TCP/CPC					545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	β-TCP/CPC	545:553	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	3	52	theme	β-tricalcium	496:507	arg1	cement					537:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement	496:542	β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC)	496:554	The aim of this study was to explore the osteogenic ability of a composite of microencapsulated rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSCs) with β-tricalcium phosphate/calcium phosphate cement (β-TCP/CPC) in vivo.
24211970	8	53	theme	composite	1178:1186	arg1	group					1188:1192	the composite group	1174:1192	the composite group	1174:1192	The results showed that far more new bone and bone marrow grew into the bone defects in the composite group.
24211970	9	54	theme	positive	1214:1221	arg1	cells					1223:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells	1195:1227	Few CM-Dil labeled positive cells were observed postoperatively.
24211970	1	55	theme	bone	118:121	arg1	engineering					130:140	bone tissue engineering	118:140	bone tissue engineering	118:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	6	56	theme	bone	859:862	arg1	formation					864:872	new bone formation	855:872	new bone formation	855:872	Bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by CBCT, and the defects were examined histologically 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
24211970	10	57	theme	graft	1307:1311	arg1	areas					1313:1317	the graft areas	1303:1317	the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group	1303:1372	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	1	58	theme	tissue	123:128	arg1	engineering					130:140	bone tissue engineering	118:140	bone tissue engineering	118:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	11	59	theme	tissue	1540:1545	arg1	generation					1517:1526	the generation	1513:1526	the generation of new bone tissue	1513:1545	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	6	60	theme	new	855:857	arg1	formation					864:872	new bone formation	855:872	new bone formation	855:872	Bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by CBCT, and the defects were examined histologically 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
24211970	7	61	theme	fluorescent	996:1006	arg1	CM-Dil					1021:1026	fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil	996:1026	fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil	996:1026	In addition, fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil was used to track the rBMMSCs in vivo after implantation.
24211970	10	62	theme	composite	1326:1334	arg1	group					1336:1340	the composite group	1322:1340	the composite group than those of the control group	1322:1372	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	4	63	theme	condylar	609:616	arg1	regions					618:624	both femoral condylar regions	596:624	both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits	596:653	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	5	64	theme	alginate	686:693	arg1	composite					731:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite	686:739	alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group)	686:757	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	5	64	theme	alginate	686:693	arg1	group					752:756	composite group	742:756	composite group	742:756	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	2	65	theme	CPC	338:340	arg1	degradation					301:311	the degradation speed and bioactivity	297:333	the degradation speed and bioactivity of CPC	297:340	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells can pick up the degradation speed and bioactivity of CPC.
24211970	1	66	theme	osteoconduction	219:233	arg1	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	66	theme	osteoconduction	219:233	arg1	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	8	67	theme	new	1119:1121	arg1	bone					1123:1126	far more new bone and bone marrow	1110:1142	bone	1123:1126	The results showed that far more new bone and bone marrow grew into the bone defects in the composite group.
24211970	4	68	theme	White	641:645	arg1	rabbits					647:653	New Zealand White rabbits	629:653	New Zealand White rabbits	629:653	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
24211970	2	69	theme	seed	274:277	arg1	cells					279:283	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells	247:283	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells	247:283	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells can pick up the degradation speed and bioactivity of CPC.
24211970	1	70	theme	biocompatibility	183:198	arg1	properties					235:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties	178:244	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	70	theme	biocompatibility	183:198	arg1	scaffold					96:103	an injectable scaffold	82:103	an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	82:140	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	71	theme	calcium	143:149	arg1	phosphate					151:159	calcium phosphate cement	143:166	calcium phosphate cement (CPC)	143:172	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	1	71	theme	calcium	143:149	arg1	CPC					169:171	CPC	169:171	CPC	169:171	As an injectable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has good biocompatibility, self-setting, and osteoconduction properties.
24211970	11	72	theme	seed	1433:1436	arg1	cells/β-TCP/CPC					1438:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	8	73	theme	more	1114:1117	arg1	bone					1123:1126	far more new bone and bone marrow	1110:1142	bone	1123:1126	The results showed that far more new bone and bone marrow grew into the bone defects in the composite group.
24211970	10	74	located	detected	1291:1298	arg1	areas					1313:1317	the graft areas	1303:1317	the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group	1303:1372	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	10	74	located	detected	1291:1298	arg2	cells					1280:1284	more native cells	1268:1284	more native cells	1268:1284	However more native cells were detected in the graft areas of the composite group than those of the control group.
24211970	2	75	theme	Alginate-microencapsulated	247:272	arg1	cells					279:283	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells	247:283	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells	247:283	Alginate-microencapsulated seed cells can pick up the degradation speed and bioactivity of CPC.
24211970	7	76	used	used	1032:1035	arg2	CM-Dil					1021:1026	fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil	996:1026	fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil	996:1026	In addition, fluorescent carbocyanine CM-Dil was used to track the rBMMSCs in vivo after implantation.
24211970	5	77	theme	femurs	815:820	arg1	defects					799:805	the bone defects	790:805	the bone defects of both femurs	790:820	β-TCP/CPC (control group) and alginate microencapsulated rBMMSCs/β-TCP/CPC composite (composite group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
24211970	11	78	theme	injectable	1489:1498	arg1	composite					1402:1410	a composite	1400:1410	a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1400:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	11	78	theme	injectable	1489:1498	arg1	cells/β-TCP/CPC					1438:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC	1415:1452	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
24211970	11	78	theme	injectable	1489:1498	arg1	material					1500:1507	a promising injectable material	1477:1507	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1477:1545	The study indicates that a composite of microencapsulated seed cells/β-TCP/CPC might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
27802018	7	0	theme	2-hexyldecanoic	1420:1434	arg1	acid					1436:1439	2-hexyldecanoic acid	1420:1439	2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g)	1420:1454	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	10	1	dep	S3	1994:1995	arg1	mixtures					2013:2020	mixtures	2013:2020	mixtures	2013:2020	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27802018	9	2	theme	greater	1765:1771	arg1	uptake					1773:1778	greater uptake	1765:1778	greater uptake	1765:1778	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	6	3	theme	Sips	1234:1237	arg1	model					1248:1252	The Sips isotherm model	1230:1252	The Sips isotherm model	1230:1252	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	10	4	theme	order	1964:1968	arg1	model					1970:1974	the pseudo-second order model	1946:1974	the pseudo-second order model	1946:1974	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27802018	12	5	theme	hydrophobic	2265:2275	arg1	interactions					2277:2288	hydrophobic interactions	2265:2288	hydrophobic interactions	2265:2288	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	3	6	theme	adsorption	585:594	arg1	studies					596:602	nitrogen adsorption studies	576:602	nitrogen adsorption studies	576:602	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	4	7	from	conditions	740:749	arg1	studies					720:726	Equilibrium sorption studies	699:726	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution	699:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	12	8	theme	carboxylate	2359:2369	arg1	anions					2371:2376	carboxylate anions	2359:2376	carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure	2359:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	11	9	theme	abundant	2156:2163	arg1	biopolymers					2165:2175	abundant biopolymers	2156:2175	abundant biopolymers	2156:2175	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	8	10	theme	naphthenate	1599:1609	arg1	mg/g					1635:1638	24.1 and 27.4 mg/g	1621:1638	24.1 and 27.4 mg/g	1621:1638	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	8	10	theme	naphthenate	1599:1609	arg1	mixtures					1611:1618	naphthenate mixtures	1599:1618	naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g)	1599:1639	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	7	11	theme	uptake	1366:1371	arg1	capacity					1373:1380	The monolayer uptake capacity	1352:1380	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1)	1352:1393	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	9	12	theme	lower	1811:1815	arg1	values					1857:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	3	13	theme	enhanced	620:627	arg1	area					637:640	the enhanced surface area	616:640	the enhanced surface area	616:640	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	7	14	dep	S1	1442:1443	arg1	mg/g					1450:1453	115 mg/g	1446:1453	S1; 115 mg/g	1442:1453	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	9	15	theme	higher	1820:1825	arg1	values					1857:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	2	16	theme	NMR	326:328	arg1	studies					330:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies	295:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies	295:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	1	17	theme	enhanced	248:255	arg1	area					265:268	enhanced surface area	248:268	enhanced surface area	248:268	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	9	18	theme	bond	1834:1837	arg1	DBE					1852:1854	DBE	1852:1854	DBE	1852:1854	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	9	18	theme	bond	1834:1837	arg1	equivalence					1839:1849	double bond equivalence	1827:1849	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	4	19	theme	sorption	711:718	arg1	studies					720:726	Equilibrium sorption studies	699:726	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution	699:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	3	20	theme	variable	646:653	arg1	morphology					655:664	variable morphology	646:664	variable morphology	646:664	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	11	21	theme	biopolymers	2165:2175	arg1	types					2147:2151	the two types	2139:2151	the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites	2139:2196	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	7	22	dep	acid	1476:1479	arg1	S3					1482:1483	S3	1482:1483	S3; 40.5 mg/g	1482:1494	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	7	23	dep	Qm	1383:1384	arg1	g-1					1390:1392	mg g-1	1387:1392	Qm; mg g-1	1383:1392	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	7	24	theme	trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic	1499:1532	arg1	acid					1534:1537	trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid	1499:1537	trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g)	1499:1553	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	10	25	theme	order	2043:2047	arg1	behavior					2049:2056	pseudo-first order behavior	2030:2056	pseudo-first order behavior	2030:2056	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27802018	5	26	theme	acetic	1108:1113	arg1	ONPAA					1121:1125	ONPAA	1121:1125	ONPAA	1121:1125	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	26	theme	acetic	1108:1113	arg1	acid					1115:1118	ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid	1090:1118	ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA)	1090:1126	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	3	27	theme	cross-linked	673:684	arg1	biopolymers					686:696	the cross-linked biopolymers	669:696	the cross-linked biopolymers	669:696	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	8	28	theme	UV	1654:1655	arg1	spectroscopy					1657:1668	UV spectroscopy	1654:1668	UV spectroscopy	1654:1668	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	1	29	theme	chitosan/cellulose	169:186	arg1	CGC					224:226	CGC	224:226	CGC	224:226	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	1	29	theme	chitosan/cellulose	169:186	arg1	materials					213:221	chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials	169:221	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC)	137:227	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	7	30	dep	capacity	1373:1380	arg1	Qm					1383:1384	Qm	1383:1384	Qm; mg g-1	1383:1392	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	4	31	theme	phenolic	756:763	arg1	dyes					765:768	phenolic dyes	756:768	phenolic dyes	756:768	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	6	32	theme	mixtures	1342:1349	arg1	profile					1298:1304	the sorption profile	1285:1304	the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures	1285:1349	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	3	33	theme	nitrogen	576:583	arg1	studies					596:602	nitrogen adsorption studies	576:602	nitrogen adsorption studies	576:602	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	5	34	theme	Freundlich	903:912	arg1	model					923:927	The Freundlich isotherm model	899:927	The Freundlich isotherm model	899:927	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	1	35	theme	composite	203:211	arg1	CGC					224:226	CGC	224:226	CGC	224:226	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	1	35	theme	composite	203:211	arg1	materials					213:221	chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials	169:221	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC)	137:227	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	11	36	theme	greater	2087:2093	arg1	understanding					2095:2107	a greater understanding	2085:2107	a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites	2085:2196	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	5	37	theme	×	1221:1221	arg1	10-2					1223:1226	8.49 × 10-2	1216:1226	8.49 × 10-2	1216:1226	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	37	theme	×	1221:1221	arg1	PNP					1211:1213	PNP	1211:1213	PNP (8.49 × 10-2)	1211:1227	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	8	38	theme	ionization	1687:1696	arg1	ESI-HRMS					1717:1724	ESI-HRMS	1717:1724	ESI-HRMS	1717:1724	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	8	38	theme	ionization	1687:1696	arg1	spectrometry					1703:1714	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry	1674:1714	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS)	1674:1725	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	5	39	theme	cross-linker	982:993	arg1	levels					972:977	the highest levels	960:977	the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3,	960:1000	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	2	40	theme	CHN	301:303	arg1	studies					330:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies	295:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies	295:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	8	41	with	CGC3	1589:1592	arg1	mg/g					1635:1638	24.1 and 27.4 mg/g	1621:1638	24.1 and 27.4 mg/g	1621:1638	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	8	41	with	CGC3	1589:1592	arg1	mixtures					1611:1618	naphthenate mixtures	1599:1618	naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g)	1599:1639	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	10	42	theme	phth	1911:1914	arg1	sorption					1899:1906	the sorption	1895:1906	the sorption of phth	1895:1914	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27802018	0	43	theme	Anion	112:116	arg1	Properties					125:134	Their Anion Uptake Properties	106:134	Their Anion Uptake Properties	106:134	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	2	44	theme	solid	314:318	arg1	NMR					326:328	13C solid state NMR	310:328	13C solid state NMR	310:328	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	5	45	theme	KF	1037:1038	arg1	mmol/g					1043:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	45	theme	KF	1037:1038	arg1	affinity					1027:1034	the highest sorption affinity	1006:1034	the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP)	1006:1153	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	4	46	theme	single	782:787	arg1	component					789:797	single component	782:797	single component	782:797	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	11	47	theme	sorption	2116:2123	arg1	properties					2125:2134	the sorption properties	2112:2134	the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites	2112:2196	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	4	48	theme	variable	851:858	arg1	properties					867:876	variable uptake properties	851:876	variable uptake properties	851:876	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	2	49	theme	glutaraldehyde	427:440	arg1	glutaraldehyde					427:440	glutaraldehyde	427:440	glutaraldehyde	427:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	2	49	theme	glutaraldehyde	427:440	arg1	chitosan					414:421	chitosan	414:421	chitosan	414:421	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	2	49	theme	glutaraldehyde	427:440	arg1	groups					404:409	the amine groups	394:409	the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde	394:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	6	50	theme	profile	1298:1304	arg1	description					1270:1280	a good description	1263:1280	a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures	1263:1349	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	7	51	dep	acid	1534:1537	arg1	S2					1540:1541	S2	1540:1541	S2; 13.7 mg/g	1540:1552	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	5	52	theme	L	1041:1041	arg1	mmol/g					1043:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	52	theme	L	1041:1041	arg1	affinity					1027:1034	the highest sorption affinity	1006:1034	the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP)	1006:1153	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	4	53	theme	mixed	803:807	arg1	naphthenates					809:820	mixed naphthenates	803:820	mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution	803:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	2	54	theme	chitosan	414:421	arg1	glutaraldehyde					427:440	glutaraldehyde	427:440	glutaraldehyde	427:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	2	54	theme	chitosan	414:421	arg1	chitosan					414:421	chitosan	414:421	chitosan	414:421	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	2	54	theme	chitosan	414:421	arg1	groups					404:409	the amine groups	394:409	the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde	394:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	0	55	theme	Self-Assembled	0:13	arg1	Polysaccharides					55:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides	0:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.	0:135	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	5	56	theme	highest	1010:1016	arg1	mmol/g					1043:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	56	theme	highest	1010:1016	arg1	affinity					1027:1034	the highest sorption affinity	1006:1034	the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP)	1006:1153	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	2	57	theme	TGA	460:462	arg1	studies					464:470	XRD and TGA studies	452:470	XRD and TGA studies	452:470	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	12	58	theme	controlled	2329:2338	arg1	uptake					2349:2354	the controlled sorptive uptake	2325:2354	the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure	2325:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	2	59	theme	XRD	452:454	arg1	studies					464:470	XRD and TGA studies	452:470	XRD and TGA studies	452:470	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	0	60	theme	Cross-Linked	19:30	arg1	Polysaccharides					55:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides	0:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.	0:135	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	4	61	dep	along	771:775	arg1	with					777:780	with	777:780	with	777:780	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	1	62	theme	glutaraldehyde	188:201	arg1	CGC					224:226	CGC	224:226	CGC	224:226	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	1	62	theme	glutaraldehyde	188:201	arg1	materials					213:221	chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials	169:221	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC)	137:227	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	2	63	theme	interactions	512:523	arg1	evidence					481:488	evidence	481:488	evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites	481:542	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	0	64	theme	Chitosan-Cellulose	72:89	arg1	Composites					91:100	Chitosan-Cellulose Composites	72:100	Chitosan-Cellulose Composites	72:100	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	12	65	theme	variable	2383:2390	arg1	structure					2402:2410	variable molecular structure	2383:2410	variable molecular structure	2383:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	0	66	dep	Polysaccharides	55:69	arg1	Properties					125:134	Their Anion Uptake Properties	106:134	Their Anion Uptake Properties	106:134	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	0	66	dep	Polysaccharides	55:69	arg1	Composites					91:100	Chitosan-Cellulose Composites	72:100	Chitosan-Cellulose Composites	72:100	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	1	67	link	cross-linked	156:167	arg1	CGC					224:226	CGC	224:226	CGC	224:226	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	1	67	link	cross-linked	156:167	arg1	materials					213:221	chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials	169:221	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC)	137:227	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	4	68	with	studies	720:726	arg1	naphthenates					809:820	mixed naphthenates	803:820	mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution	803:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	4	68	with	studies	720:726	arg1	dyes					765:768	phenolic dyes	756:768	phenolic dyes	756:768	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	4	68	with	studies	720:726	arg1	component					789:797	single component	782:797	single component	782:797	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	7	69	dep	S2	1540:1541	arg1	mg/g					1549:1552	13.7 mg/g	1544:1552	S2; 13.7 mg/g	1540:1552	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	10	70	theme	pseudo-second	1950:1962	arg1	model					1970:1974	the pseudo-second order model	1946:1974	the pseudo-second order model	1946:1974	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27802018	2	71	theme	FTIR	295:298	arg1	studies					330:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies	295:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies	295:336	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	12	72	theme	interactions	2277:2288	arg1	role					2257:2260	The key role	2249:2260	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials	2249:2306	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	3	73	theme	equilibrium	550:560	arg1	swelling					562:569	equilibrium swelling	550:569	equilibrium swelling	550:569	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	12	74	theme	CGC	2294:2296	arg1	materials					2298:2306	CGC materials	2294:2306	CGC materials	2294:2306	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	9	75	contain	possess	1803:1809	arg1	naphthenates					1785:1796	naphthenates	1785:1796	naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1785:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	9	75	contain	possess	1803:1809	arg2	values					1857:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	6	76	theme	isotherm	1239:1246	arg1	model					1248:1252	The Sips isotherm model	1230:1252	The Sips isotherm model	1230:1252	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	4	77	from	dyes	765:768	arg1	solution					833:840	aqueous solution	825:840	aqueous solution	825:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	7	78	dep	acid	1436:1439	arg1	S1					1442:1443	S1	1442:1443	S1; 115 mg/g	1442:1453	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	11	79	theme	sorption	2228:2235	arg1	properties					2237:2246	their tunable sorption properties	2214:2246	their tunable sorption properties	2214:2246	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	12	80	theme	key	2253:2255	arg1	role					2257:2260	The key role	2249:2260	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials	2249:2306	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	2	81	theme	state	320:324	arg1	NMR					326:328	13C solid state NMR	310:328	13C solid state NMR	310:328	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	8	82	theme	Qm	1575:1576	arg1	values					1578:1583	the Qm values	1571:1583	the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g)	1571:1639	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	5	83	theme	×	1201:1201	arg1	10-1					1203:1206	2.28 × 10-1	1196:1206	2.28 × 10-1	1196:1206	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	83	theme	×	1201:1201	arg1	ONPAA					1189:1193	ONPAA	1189:1193	ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2)	1189:1227	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	7	84	theme	mg	1387:1388	arg1	g-1					1390:1392	mg g-1	1387:1392	Qm; mg g-1	1383:1392	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	11	85	theme	types	2147:2151	arg1	properties					2125:2134	the sorption properties	2112:2134	the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites	2112:2196	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	2	86	theme	13C	310:312	arg1	NMR					326:328	13C solid state NMR	310:328	13C solid state NMR	310:328	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	10	87	theme	pseudo-first	2030:2041	arg1	behavior					2049:2056	pseudo-first order behavior	2030:2056	pseudo-first order behavior	2030:2056	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27802018	4	88	theme	alkaline	731:738	arg1	conditions					740:749	alkaline conditions	731:749	alkaline conditions	731:749	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	6	89	theme	sorption	1289:1296	arg1	profile					1298:1304	the sorption profile	1285:1304	the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures	1285:1349	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	5	90	theme	isotherm	914:921	arg1	model					923:927	The Freundlich isotherm model	899:927	The Freundlich isotherm model	899:927	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	7	91	theme	monolayer	1356:1364	arg1	capacity					1373:1380	The monolayer uptake capacity	1352:1380	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1)	1352:1393	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	9	92	theme	double	1827:1832	arg1	DBE					1852:1854	DBE	1852:1854	DBE	1852:1854	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	9	92	theme	double	1827:1832	arg1	equivalence					1839:1849	double bond equivalence	1827:1849	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	12	93	theme	anions	2371:2376	arg1	uptake					2349:2354	the controlled sorptive uptake	2325:2354	the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure	2325:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	1	94	theme	surface	257:263	arg1	area					265:268	enhanced surface area	248:268	enhanced surface area	248:268	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	5	95	contain	had	1002:1004	arg1	composite					947:955	the composite	943:955	the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3,	943:1000	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	95	contain	had	1002:1004	arg2	affinity					1027:1034	the highest sorption affinity	1006:1034	the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP)	1006:1153	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	95	contain	had	1002:1004	arg2	mmol/g					1043:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	4	96	theme	Equilibrium	699:709	arg1	studies					720:726	Equilibrium sorption studies	699:726	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution	699:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	0	97	theme	Uptake	118:123	arg1	Properties					125:134	Their Anion Uptake Properties	106:134	Their Anion Uptake Properties	106:134	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	6	98	theme	good	1265:1268	arg1	description					1270:1280	a good description	1263:1280	a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures	1263:1349	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	3	99	theme	surface	629:635	arg1	area					637:640	the enhanced surface area	616:640	the enhanced surface area	616:640	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	1	100	theme	Self-assembled	137:150	arg1	CGC					224:226	CGC	224:226	CGC	224:226	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	1	100	theme	Self-assembled	137:150	arg1	materials					213:221	chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials	169:221	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC)	137:227	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	5	101	theme	ortho-nitrophenyl	1090:1106	arg1	ONPAA					1121:1125	ONPAA	1121:1125	ONPAA	1121:1125	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	101	theme	ortho-nitrophenyl	1090:1106	arg1	acid					1115:1118	ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid	1090:1118	ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA)	1090:1126	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	1	102	theme	cross-linked	156:167	arg1	CGC					224:226	CGC	224:226	CGC	224:226	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	1	102	theme	cross-linked	156:167	arg1	materials					213:221	chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials	169:221	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC)	137:227	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	2	103	dep	provided	338:345	arg1	whereas					443:449	whereas	443:449	whereas	443:449	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	7	104	dep	S3	1482:1483	arg1	mg/g					1491:1494	40.5 mg/g	1486:1494	S3; 40.5 mg/g	1482:1494	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	5	105	theme	highest	964:970	arg1	levels					972:977	the highest levels	960:977	the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3,	960:1000	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	11	106	theme	tunable	2220:2226	arg1	properties					2237:2246	their tunable sorption properties	2214:2246	their tunable sorption properties	2214:2246	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	5	107	theme	8.49	1216:1219	arg1	10-2					1223:1226	8.49 × 10-2	1216:1226	8.49 × 10-2	1216:1226	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	107	theme	8.49	1216:1219	arg1	PNP					1211:1213	PNP	1211:1213	PNP (8.49 × 10-2)	1211:1227	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	6	108	theme	single	1309:1314	arg1	component					1316:1324	single component	1309:1324	single component	1309:1324	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	6	109	theme	naphthenate	1330:1340	arg1	mixtures					1342:1349	naphthenate mixtures	1330:1349	naphthenate mixtures	1330:1349	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	6	110	theme	component	1316:1324	arg1	profile					1298:1304	the sorption profile	1285:1304	the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures	1285:1349	The Sips isotherm model provided a good description of the sorption profile of single component and naphthenate mixtures.
27802018	8	111	theme	electrospray	1674:1685	arg1	ESI-HRMS					1717:1724	ESI-HRMS	1717:1724	ESI-HRMS	1717:1724	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	8	111	theme	electrospray	1674:1685	arg1	spectrometry					1703:1714	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry	1674:1714	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS)	1674:1725	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	7	112	theme	2-naphthoxyacetic	1458:1474	arg1	acid					1476:1479	2-naphthoxyacetic acid	1458:1479	2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g)	1458:1553	The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g-1) is given in parentheses: 2-hexyldecanoic acid (S1; 115 mg/g) > 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (S3; 40.5 mg/g) > trans-4-pentylcyclohexylcarboxylic acid (S2; 13.7 mg/g).
27802018	4	113	theme	aqueous	825:831	arg1	solution					833:840	aqueous solution	825:840	aqueous solution	825:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	5	114	from	levels	972:977	arg1	composite					947:955	the composite	943:955	the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3,	943:1000	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	11	115	theme	properties	2125:2134	arg1	understanding					2095:2107	a greater understanding	2085:2107	a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites	2085:2196	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	4	116	from	naphthenates	809:820	arg1	solution					833:840	aqueous solution	825:840	aqueous solution	825:840	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	12	117	theme	sorptive	2340:2347	arg1	uptake					2349:2354	the controlled sorptive uptake	2325:2354	the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure	2325:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	12	118	theme	molecular	2392:2400	arg1	structure					2402:2410	variable molecular structure	2383:2410	variable molecular structure	2383:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	0	119	theme	Animal	32:37	arg1	Polysaccharides					55:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides	0:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.	0:135	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	8	120	theme	mass	1698:1701	arg1	ESI-HRMS					1717:1724	ESI-HRMS	1717:1724	ESI-HRMS	1717:1724	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	8	120	theme	mass	1698:1701	arg1	spectrometry					1703:1714	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry	1674:1714	electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS)	1674:1725	By comparison, the Qm values for CGC3 with naphthenate mixtures (24.1 and 27.4 mg/g) according to UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS).
27802018	5	121	theme	sorption	1018:1025	arg1	mmol/g					1043:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	KF; L mmol/g	1037:1048	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	121	theme	sorption	1018:1025	arg1	affinity					1027:1034	the highest sorption affinity	1006:1034	the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP)	1006:1153	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	11	122	theme	composites	2187:2196	arg1	types					2147:2151	the two types	2139:2151	the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites	2139:2196	This study contributes to a greater understanding of the sorption properties of the two types of abundant biopolymers and their composites by illustrating their tunable sorption properties.
27802018	3	123	link	cross-linked	673:684	arg1	biopolymers					686:696	the cross-linked biopolymers	669:696	the cross-linked biopolymers	669:696	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	0	124	theme	Plant-Based	43:53	arg1	Polysaccharides					55:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides	0:69	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.	0:135	Self-Assembled and Cross-Linked Animal and Plant-Based Polysaccharides: Chitosan-Cellulose Composites and Their Anion Uptake Properties.
27802018	2	125	theme	cellulose-chitosan	493:510	arg1	interactions					512:523	cellulose-chitosan interactions	493:523	cellulose-chitosan interactions	493:523	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	3	126	theme	biopolymers	686:696	arg1	area					637:640	the enhanced surface area	616:640	the enhanced surface area	616:640	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	3	126	theme	biopolymers	686:696	arg1	morphology					655:664	variable morphology	646:664	variable morphology	646:664	SEM, equilibrium swelling, and nitrogen adsorption studies corroborate the enhanced surface area and variable morphology of the cross-linked biopolymers.
27802018	12	127	with	anions	2371:2376	arg1	structure					2402:2410	variable molecular structure	2383:2410	variable molecular structure	2383:2410	The key role of hydrophobic interactions for CGC materials was evidenced by the controlled sorptive uptake of carboxylate anions with variable molecular structure.
27802018	2	128	theme	cross-linking	363:375	arg1	reaction					377:384	the cross-linking reaction	359:384	the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde	359:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	5	129	theme	×	1179:1179	arg1	Phth					1168:1171	Phth	1168:1171	Phth (5.03 × 10-1)	1168:1185	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	5	129	theme	×	1179:1179	arg1	10-1					1181:1184	5.03 × 10-1	1174:1184	5.03 × 10-1	1174:1184	The Freundlich isotherm model revealed that the composite at the highest levels of cross-linker, CGC3, had the highest sorption affinity (KF; L mmol/g) for phenolphthalein (phth) followed by ortho-nitrophenyl acetic acid (ONPAA) and para-nitrophenol (PNP), as follows: Phth (5.03 × 10-1) > ONPAA (2.28 × 10-1) > PNP (8.49 × 10-2).
27802018	9	130	theme	sorbent	1732:1738	arg1	materials					1740:1748	The sorbent materials	1728:1748	The sorbent materials	1728:1748	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	4	131	theme	uptake	860:865	arg1	properties					867:876	variable uptake properties	851:876	variable uptake properties	851:876	Equilibrium sorption studies at alkaline conditions with phenolic dyes, along with single component and mixed naphthenates in aqueous solution revealed variable uptake properties with the composites.
27802018	1	132	theme	variable	274:281	arg1	morphology					283:292	variable morphology	274:292	variable morphology	274:292	Self-assembled and cross-linked chitosan/cellulose glutaraldehyde composite materials (CGC) were prepared with enhanced surface area and variable morphology.
27802018	9	133	theme	equivalence	1839:1849	arg1	values					1857:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values	1811:1862	The sorbent materials generally show greater uptake with naphthenates that possess lower vs higher double bond equivalence (DBE) values.
27802018	2	134	theme	amine	398:402	arg1	glutaraldehyde					427:440	glutaraldehyde	427:440	glutaraldehyde	427:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	2	134	theme	amine	398:402	arg1	chitosan					414:421	chitosan	414:421	chitosan	414:421	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	2	134	theme	amine	398:402	arg1	groups					404:409	the amine groups	394:409	the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde	394:440	FTIR, CHN, and 13C solid state NMR studies provided support for the cross-linking reaction between the amine groups of chitosan and glutaraldehyde; whereas, XRD and TGA studies provided evidence of cellulose-chitosan interactions for the composites.
27802018	10	135	theme	Kinetic	1865:1871	arg1	studies					1873:1879	Kinetic studies	1865:1879	Kinetic studies	1865:1879	Kinetic studies revealed that the sorption of phth adopted behavior described by the pseudo-second order model, while uptake for S3 and naphthenate mixtures adopted pseudo-first order behavior.
27837877	0	0	theme	time	70:73	arg1	sensors					14:20	Handheld NIRS sensors	0:20	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.	0:104	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	0	theme	time	70:73	arg1	analysis					75:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	2	1	theme	portable	463:470	arg1	spectrophotometers					476:493	two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers	449:493	two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	449:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	1	2	theme	sensor	149:154	arg1	technologies					156:167	different sensor technologies	139:167	different sensor technologies	139:167	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	3	3	theme	different	668:676	arg1	combinations					678:689	different combinations	668:689	different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods	668:744	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	1	4	theme	livestock	241:249	arg1	sector					251:256	livestock sector	241:256	livestock sector	241:256	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	0	5	theme	Real	65:68	arg1	sensors					14:20	Handheld NIRS sensors	0:20	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.	0:104	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	5	theme	Real	65:68	arg1	analysis					75:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	3	6	theme	spectra	803:809	arg1	data					811:814	spectra data	803:814	spectra data	803:814	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	1	7	theme	sensors	412:418	arg1	use					391:393	the use	387:393	the use of handheld NIRS sensors	387:418	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	2	8	dep	parameters	543:552	arg1	MicroNIRTM					615:624	MicroNIRTM	615:624	MicroNIRTM	615:624	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	8	dep	parameters	543:552	arg1	parameters					543:552	nutritive parameters	533:552	nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700	533:629	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	8	dep	parameters	543:552	arg1	PhIR					605:608	PhIR	605:608	PhIR	605:608	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	3	9	theme	appropriate	831:841	arg1	calibrations					843:854	appropriate calibrations	831:854	appropriate calibrations	831:854	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	2	10	from	parameters	543:552	arg1	feed					570:573	raw compound feed	557:573	raw compound feed	557:573	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	11	theme	real	511:514	arg1	analysis					521:528	real time analysis	511:528	real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	511:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	5	12	theme	cross	1213:1217	arg1	validation					1219:1228	cross validation 0.67-0.73	1213:1238	cross validation 0.67-0.73	1213:1238	Dry Matter showed the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73.
27837877	3	13	theme	valuable	779:786	arg1	information					788:798	the valuable information	775:798	the valuable information of spectra data	775:814	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	1	14	theme	real	344:347	arg1	control					362:368	real time quality control	344:368	real time quality control	344:368	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	8	15	theme	NIRS	1600:1603	arg1	instruments					1605:1615	these handheld NIRS instruments	1585:1615	these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here	1585:1629	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	5	16	theme	Dry	1154:1156	arg1	Matter					1158:1163	Dry Matter	1154:1163	Dry Matter	1154:1163	Dry Matter showed the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73.
27837877	1	17	theme	time	349:352	arg1	control					362:368	real time quality control	344:368	real time quality control	344:368	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	8	18	theme	composition	1673:1683	arg1	changes					1685:1691	composition changes	1673:1691	composition changes	1673:1691	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	0	19	theme	field	88:92	arg1	sensors					14:20	Handheld NIRS sensors	0:20	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.	0:104	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	19	theme	field	88:92	arg1	monitoring					94:103	field monitoring	88:103	field monitoring	88:103	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	1	20	theme	quality	354:360	arg1	control					362:368	real time quality control	344:368	real time quality control	344:368	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	1	21	from	information	287:297	arg1	composition					307:317	feed composition	302:317	feed composition	302:317	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	8	22	theme	farms	1696:1700	arg1	level					1702:1706	farms level	1696:1706	farms level	1696:1706	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	1	23	theme	computer	173:180	arg1	data					193:196	computer processing data	173:196	computer processing data	173:196	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	0	24	theme	NIRS	9:12	arg1	sensors					14:20	Handheld NIRS sensors	0:20	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.	0:104	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	24	theme	NIRS	9:12	arg1	analysis					75:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	24	theme	NIRS	9:12	arg1	monitoring					94:103	field monitoring	88:103	field monitoring	88:103	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	2	25	theme	hand-held	453:461	arg1	spectrophotometers					476:493	two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers	449:493	two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	449:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	4	26	theme	calibration	861:871	arg1	models					873:878	The calibration models	857:878	The calibration models	857:878	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	1	27	theme	processing	182:191	arg1	data					193:196	computer processing data	173:196	computer processing data	173:196	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	0	28	theme	Handheld	0:7	arg1	sensors					14:20	Handheld NIRS sensors	0:20	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.	0:104	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	28	theme	Handheld	0:7	arg1	analysis					75:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	28	theme	Handheld	0:7	arg1	monitoring					94:103	field monitoring	88:103	field monitoring	88:103	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	1	29	theme	precise	269:275	arg1	information					287:297	precise and rapid information	269:297	precise and rapid information on feed composition	269:317	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	7	30	theme	significant	1480:1490	arg1	differences					1492:1502	not significant differences	1476:1502	not significant differences	1476:1502	Results obtained with both instruments were compared by using standard deviation and not significant differences were observed at the 5% level.
27837877	8	31	theme	handheld	1591:1598	arg1	instruments					1605:1615	these handheld NIRS instruments	1585:1615	these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here	1585:1629	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	2	32	from	feed	570:573	arg1	on-site					499:505	on-site	499:505	on-site	499:505	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	32	from	feed	570:573	arg1	analysis					521:528	real time analysis	511:528	real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	511:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	32	from	feed	570:573	arg1	parameters					543:552	nutritive parameters	533:552	nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700	533:629	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	33	theme	nutritive	533:541	arg1	MicroNIRTM					615:624	MicroNIRTM	615:624	MicroNIRTM	615:624	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	33	theme	nutritive	533:541	arg1	parameters					543:552	nutritive parameters	533:552	nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700	533:629	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	33	theme	nutritive	533:541	arg1	PhIR					605:608	PhIR	605:608	PhIR	605:608	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	1	34	theme	rapid	281:285	arg1	information					287:297	precise and rapid information	269:297	precise and rapid information on feed composition	269:317	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	4	35	theme	predictive	899:908	arg1	capacity					910:917	greatest predictive capacity	890:917	greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH)	890:976	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	6	36	theme	predicted	1375:1383	arg1	data					1385:1388	predicted data	1375:1388	predicted data	1375:1388	Accuracy achieved 99-101% for both NIRS instruments and no differences were found when applying tstudent-test comparing reference and predicted data.
27837877	0	37	theme	compound	34:41	arg1	control					56:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	3	38	theme	pre-treatments	694:707	arg1	combinations					678:689	different combinations	668:689	different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods	668:744	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	4	39	theme	Crude	923:927	arg1	CP					938:939	CP	938:939	CP	938:939	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	4	39	theme	Crude	923:927	arg1	Protein					929:935	Crude Protein	923:935	Crude Protein (CP)	923:940	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	5	40	theme	validation	1219:1228	arg1	coefficients					1197:1208	the lowest determination coefficients	1172:1208	the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73	1172:1238	Dry Matter showed the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73.
27837877	8	41	theme	individual	1647:1656	arg1	compound					1658:1665	the individual compound	1643:1665	the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level	1643:1706	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	7	42	located	observed	1509:1516	arg1	level					1528:1532	the 5% level	1521:1532	the 5% level	1521:1532	Results obtained with both instruments were compared by using standard deviation and not significant differences were observed at the 5% level.
27837877	7	42	located	observed	1509:1516	arg2	differences					1492:1502	not significant differences	1476:1502	not significant differences	1476:1502	Results obtained with both instruments were compared by using standard deviation and not significant differences were observed at the 5% level.
27837877	0	43	theme	routine	26:32	arg1	control					56:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	2	44	theme	time	516:519	arg1	analysis					521:528	real time analysis	511:528	real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	511:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	6	45	theme	NIRS	1276:1279	arg1	instruments					1281:1291	both NIRS instruments	1271:1291	both NIRS instruments	1271:1291	Accuracy achieved 99-101% for both NIRS instruments and no differences were found when applying tstudent-test comparing reference and predicted data.
27837877	4	46	theme	PhIR	1113:1116	arg1	instruments					1128:1138	PhIR and MICRO instruments	1113:1138	instruments	1128:1138	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	0	47	theme	quality	48:54	arg1	control					56:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	1	48	theme	feed	302:305	arg1	composition					307:317	feed composition	302:317	feed composition	302:317	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	2	49	theme	compound	561:568	arg1	feed					570:573	raw compound feed	557:573	raw compound feed	557:573	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	1	50	dep	the	228:230	arg1	needs					232:236	needs	232:236	needs	232:236	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	8	51	theme	instruments	1605:1615	arg1	potential					1572:1580	the potential	1568:1580	the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab	1568:1781	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	8	52	dep	compound	1658:1665	arg1	feeds					1667:1671	feeds	1667:1671	feeds composition changes at farms level	1667:1706	Results so far have demonstrated the potential of these handheld NIRS instruments proposed here to estimate the individual compound feeds composition changes at farms level instantly, time avoiding the disadvantage of moving the samples to the lab.
27837877	3	53	theme	multivariate	713:724	arg1	methods					738:744	multivariate statistical methods	713:744	multivariate statistical methods	713:744	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	0	54	theme	feed	43:46	arg1	control					56:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	routine compound feed quality control	26:62	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	3	55	theme	statistical	726:736	arg1	methods					738:744	multivariate statistical methods	713:744	multivariate statistical methods	713:744	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	2	56	theme	raw	557:559	arg1	feed					570:573	raw compound feed	557:573	raw compound feed	557:573	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	57	from	on-site	499:505	arg1	feed					570:573	raw compound feed	557:573	raw compound feed	557:573	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	4	58	theme	MICRO	1122:1126	arg1	instruments					1128:1138	PhIR and MICRO instruments	1113:1138	instruments	1128:1138	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	1	59	theme	Significant	106:116	arg1	advances					118:125	Significant advances	106:125	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data	106:196	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	4	60	theme	validation	1022:1031	arg1	coefficients					1000:1011	the determination coefficients	982:1011	the determination coefficients of cross validation	982:1031	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	4	60	theme	validation	1022:1031	arg1	0.90-0.88					1038:1046	0.90-0.88	1038:1046	0.90-0.88	1038:1046	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	3	61	theme	methods	738:744	arg1	combinations					678:689	different combinations	668:689	different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods	668:744	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	4	62	theme	greatest	890:897	arg1	capacity					910:917	greatest predictive capacity	890:917	greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH)	890:976	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	4	63	theme	cross	1016:1020	arg1	validation					1022:1031	cross validation	1016:1031	cross validation	1016:1031	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	2	64	from	analysis	521:528	arg1	feed					570:573	raw compound feed	557:573	raw compound feed	557:573	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	65	theme	parameters	543:552	arg1	on-site					499:505	on-site	499:505	on-site	499:505	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	65	theme	parameters	543:552	arg1	analysis					521:528	real time analysis	511:528	real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	511:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	2	65	theme	parameters	543:552	arg1	parameters					543:552	nutritive parameters	533:552	nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700	533:629	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	1	66	theme	handheld	398:405	arg1	sensors					412:418	handheld NIRS sensors	398:418	handheld NIRS sensors	398:418	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	0	67	dep	sensors	14:20	arg1	sensors					14:20	Handheld NIRS sensors	0:20	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.	0:104	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	67	dep	sensors	14:20	arg1	analysis					75:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Real time analysis	65:82	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	0	67	dep	sensors	14:20	arg1	monitoring					94:103	field monitoring	88:103	field monitoring	88:103	Handheld NIRS sensors for routine compound feed quality control: Real time analysis and field monitoring.
27837877	7	68	theme	5	1525:1525	arg1	%					1526:1526	%	1526:1526	%	1526:1526	Results obtained with both instruments were compared by using standard deviation and not significant differences were observed at the 5% level.
27837877	3	69	theme	data	811:814	arg1	information					788:798	the valuable information	775:798	the valuable information of spectra data	775:814	For computing data, different combinations of pre-treatments and multivariate statistical methods have been assayed to extract the valuable information of spectra data and to develop appropriate calibrations.
27837877	4	70	theme	Crude	943:947	arg1	CF					956:957	CF	956:957	CF	956:957	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	4	70	theme	Crude	943:947	arg1	Fiber					949:953	Crude Fiber	943:953	Crude Fiber (CF)	943:958	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	1	71	theme	NIRS	407:410	arg1	sensors					412:418	handheld NIRS sensors	398:418	handheld NIRS sensors	398:418	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	7	72	theme	%	1526:1526	arg1	level					1528:1532	the 5% level	1521:1532	the 5% level	1521:1532	Results obtained with both instruments were compared by using standard deviation and not significant differences were observed at the 5% level.
27837877	5	73	theme	determination	1183:1195	arg1	coefficients					1197:1208	the lowest determination coefficients	1172:1208	the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73	1172:1238	Dry Matter showed the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73.
27837877	2	74	theme	NIR	472:474	arg1	spectrophotometers					476:493	two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers	449:493	two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO)	449:645	This work aimed to evaluate two hand-held portable NIR spectrophotometers for on-site and real time analysis of nutritive parameters in raw compound feed: Phazir 1624 Polychromix Inc (PhIR) and MicroNIRTM 1700 by JDSU (MICRO).
27837877	7	75	theme	standard	1453:1460	arg1	deviation					1462:1470	standard deviation	1453:1470	standard deviation	1453:1470	Results obtained with both instruments were compared by using standard deviation and not significant differences were observed at the 5% level.
27837877	1	76	theme	different	139:147	arg1	technologies					156:167	different sensor technologies	139:167	different sensor technologies	139:167	Significant advances achieved in different sensor technologies and computer processing data have made possible to respond the needs of livestock sector, providing precise and rapid information on feed composition, being an alternative to real time quality control on compound feed the use of handheld NIRS sensors.
27837877	4	77	theme	determination	986:998	arg1	coefficients					1000:1011	the determination coefficients	982:1011	the determination coefficients of cross validation	982:1031	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	4	77	theme	determination	986:998	arg1	0.90-0.88					1038:1046	0.90-0.88	1038:1046	0.90-0.88	1038:1046	The calibration models displayed greatest predictive capacity for Crude Protein (CP), Crude Fiber (CF) and Starch (STCH) and the determination coefficients of cross validation were 0.90-0.88 for CP, 0.85-0.91 for CF, 0.89-0.88 and 0.89-0.91 for STCH using PhIR and MICRO instruments respectively.
27837877	5	78	theme	lowest	1176:1181	arg1	coefficients					1197:1208	the lowest determination coefficients	1172:1208	the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73	1172:1238	Dry Matter showed the lowest determination coefficients of cross validation 0.67-0.73.
27451678	5	0	theme	delivery	817:824	arg1	vehicles					826:833	delivery vehicles	817:833	delivery vehicles	817:833	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	1	1	theme	new	139:141	arg1	kind					143:146	a new kind	137:146	a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI)	137:308	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	1	2	theme	kind	143:146	arg1	synthesis					101:109	controlled synthesis	90:109	controlled synthesis	90:109	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	1	2	theme	kind	143:146	arg1	properties					123:132	release properties	115:132	release properties	115:132	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	3	3	theme	nanocomposites	461:474	arg1	properties					433:442	The release properties	421:442	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	421:474	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	3	4	theme	Gentamicin	497:506	arg1	sulfate					508:514	Gentamicin sulfate	497:514	Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug	497:532	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	4	5	theme	@	544:544	arg1	composites					549:558	α-ZrP@CHI composites	539:558	α-ZrP@CHI composites	539:558	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	4	6	theme	prolonged	569:577	arg1	time					592:595	a prolonged drug release time	567:595	a prolonged drug release time	567:595	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	2	7	theme	α-ZrP	327:331	arg1	nanocomposites					337:350	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	323:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	311:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	4	8	theme	α-ZrP	539:543	arg1	composites					549:558	α-ZrP@CHI composites	539:558	α-ZrP@CHI composites	539:558	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	3	9	theme	release	425:431	arg1	properties					433:442	The release properties	421:442	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	421:474	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	1	10	dep	synthesis	101:109	arg1	the					86:88	the	86:88	the	86:88	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	0	11	theme	CHI	40:42	arg1	Drug					44:47	α-ZrP@CHI Drug	34:47	α-ZrP@CHI Drug	34:47	Synthesis and Characterization of α-ZrP@CHI Drug Deliver System.
27451678	5	12	theme	controlled	711:720	arg1	synthesis					722:730	The controlled synthesis	707:730	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	707:757	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	5	13	theme	CHI	741:743	arg1	nanocomposite					745:757	α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	735:757	α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	735:757	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	1	14	theme	multifunctional	151:165	arg1	system					180:185	multifunctional drug-release system	151:185	multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI)	151:308	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	5	15	theme	@	740:740	arg1	nanocomposite					745:757	α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	735:757	α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	735:757	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	3	16	theme	model	523:527	arg1	drug					529:532	the model drug	519:532	the model drug	519:532	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	1	17	theme	drug-release	167:178	arg1	system					180:185	multifunctional drug-release system	151:185	multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI)	151:308	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	2	18	theme	α-ZrP	406:410	arg1	features					389:396	the structural features	374:396	the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI	374:418	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	1	19	theme	system	180:185	arg1	kind					143:146	a new kind	137:146	a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI)	137:308	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	5	20	theme	nanocomposite	745:757	arg1	synthesis					722:730	The controlled synthesis	707:730	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	707:757	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	4	21	theme	drug	579:582	arg1	time					592:595	a prolonged drug release time	567:595	a prolonged drug release time	567:595	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	1	22	theme	controlled	90:99	arg1	synthesis					101:109	controlled synthesis	90:109	controlled synthesis	90:109	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	2	23	theme	structural	378:387	arg1	features					389:396	the structural features	374:396	the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI	374:418	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	0	24	theme	@	39:39	arg1	Drug					44:47	α-ZrP@CHI Drug	34:47	α-ZrP@CHI Drug	34:47	Synthesis and Characterization of α-ZrP@CHI Drug Deliver System.
27451678	1	25	dep	bis-	236:239	arg1	α-ZrP					283:287	α-ZrP	283:287	α-ZrP	283:287	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	1	25	dep	bis-	236:239	arg1	monohydrate					270:280	monohydrate	270:280	zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP)	226:288	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	5	26	theme	new	775:777	arg1	opportunity					779:789	a new opportunity	773:789	a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles	773:833	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	0	27	theme	α-ZrP	34:38	arg1	Drug					44:47	α-ZrP@CHI Drug	34:47	α-ZrP@CHI Drug	34:47	Synthesis and Characterization of α-ZrP@CHI Drug Deliver System.
27451678	4	28	with	encapsulation	683:695	arg1	CHI					702:704	CHI	702:704	CHI	702:704	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	4	29	theme	release	584:590	arg1	time					592:595	a prolonged drug release time	567:595	a prolonged drug release time	567:595	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	0	30	theme	Drug	44:47	arg1	Characterization					14:29	Characterization	14:29	Characterization	14:29	Synthesis and Characterization of α-ZrP@CHI Drug Deliver System.
27451678	0	30	theme	Drug	44:47	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and Characterization of α-ZrP@CHI Drug Deliver System.
27451678	3	31	theme	@	456:456	arg1	nanocomposites					461:474	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	447:474	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	447:474	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	5	32	theme	α-ZrP	735:739	arg1	nanocomposite					745:757	α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	735:757	α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite	735:757	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	2	33	theme	obtained	314:321	arg1	nanocomposites					337:350	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	323:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	311:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	2	34	theme	CHI	416:418	arg1	features					389:396	the structural features	374:396	the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI	374:418	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	2	35	contain	possess	366:372	arg2	features					389:396	the structural features	374:396	the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI	374:418	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	2	35	contain	possess	366:372	arg1	nanocomposites					337:350	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	323:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	311:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	3	36	theme	CHI	457:459	arg1	nanocomposites					461:474	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	447:474	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	447:474	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	3	37	theme	α-ZrP	451:455	arg1	nanocomposites					461:474	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	447:474	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	447:474	The release properties of the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were evaluated using Gentamicin sulfate as the model drug.
27451678	4	38	with	structure	665:673	arg1	CHI					702:704	CHI	702:704	CHI	702:704	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	1	39	theme	release	115:121	arg1	properties					123:132	release properties	115:132	release properties	115:132	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	4	40	theme	lamellar	656:663	arg1	structure					665:673	the unique lamellar structure	645:673	the unique lamellar structure	645:673	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	4	41	theme	unique	649:654	arg1	structure					665:673	the unique lamellar structure	645:673	the unique lamellar structure	645:673	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	4	42	theme	CHI	545:547	arg1	composites					549:558	α-ZrP@CHI composites	539:558	α-ZrP@CHI composites	539:558	And α-ZrP@CHI composites showed a prolonged drug release time compared with α-ZrP, which can be attributed to the unique lamellar structure and the encapsulation with CHI.
27451678	5	43	theme	vehicles	826:833	arg1	development					802:812	future development	795:812	future development of delivery vehicles	795:833	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	2	44	theme	CHI	333:335	arg1	nanocomposites					337:350	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	323:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	311:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	5	45	theme	future	795:800	arg1	development					802:812	future development	795:812	future development of delivery vehicles	795:833	The controlled synthesis of α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposite thus provided a new opportunity for future development of delivery vehicles.
27451678	1	46	theme	zirconium	226:234	arg1	bis-					236:239	zirconium bis-	226:239	zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP)	226:288	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	1	46	theme	zirconium	226:234	arg1	orthophosphate					254:267	monohydrogen orthophosphate	241:267	monohydrogen orthophosphate	241:267	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27451678	2	47	theme	@	332:332	arg1	nanocomposites					337:350	the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	323:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites	311:350	As obtained the α-ZrP@CHI nanocomposites were found to possess the structural features of both α-ZrP and CHI.
27451678	1	48	theme	bis-	236:239	arg1	encapsulation					209:221	encapsulation	209:221	encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP)	209:288	This paper described the controlled synthesis and release properties of a new kind of multifunctional drug-release system which was prepared by encapsulation of zirconium bis-(monohydrogen orthophosphate) monohydrate (α-ZrP) with chitosan (CHI).
27977316	10	0	from	effect	1565:1570	arg1	parameters					1581:1590	these parameters	1575:1590	these parameters	1575:1590	KVA64 demonstrated a positive effect on these parameters.
27977316	6	1	theme	PADCP	974:978	arg1	formulations					980:991	ADG and PADCP formulations	966:991	ADG and PADCP formulations	966:991	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	1	2	attach	present	263:269	arg1	[PADCP					278:283	ADG [PADCP	274:283	ADG [PADCP	274:283	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	2	attach	present	263:269	arg2	components					228:237	the two components	220:237	the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP]	220:284	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	9	3	theme	Principal	1338:1346	arg1	analyses					1375:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses	1338:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP	1338:1399	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	6	4	theme	tableting	1066:1074	arg1	properties					1076:1085	tableting properties	1066:1085	tableting properties	1066:1085	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	1	5	from	[PADCP	278:283	arg1	present					263:269	present	263:269	present	263:269	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	6	theme	DG	188:189	arg1	[ADG					191:194	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	3	7	theme	full-factorial	526:539	arg1	design					554:559	A 33 full-factorial experimental design	521:559	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed	521:631	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	9	8	theme	PCR	1370:1372	arg1	analyses					1375:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses	1338:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP	1338:1399	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	1	9	theme	compaction	98:107	arg1	impact					121:126	Roller compaction parameters' impact	91:126	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	91:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	10	from	composition	251:261	arg1	[ADG					191:194	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	10	from	composition	251:261	arg1	cellulose					308:316	microcrystalline cellulose	291:316	microcrystalline cellulose	291:316	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	10	from	composition	251:261	arg1	components					228:237	the two components	220:237	the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP]	220:284	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	10	from	composition	251:261	arg1	mixture					209:215	a physical mixture	198:215	a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP]	198:284	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	4	11	theme	disintegration	816:829	arg1	DT					837:838	DT	837:838	DT	837:838	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	11	theme	disintegration	816:829	arg1	time					831:834	disintegration time	816:834	disintegration time (DT)	816:839	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	1	12	theme	mixture	209:215	arg1	granules					131:138	granules	131:138	granules	131:138	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	12	theme	mixture	209:215	arg1	properties					154:163	tableting properties	144:163	tableting properties	144:163	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	12	theme	mixture	209:215	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	4	13	theme	breaking	791:798	arg1	force					800:804	tablet breaking force	784:804	tablet breaking force (TBF)	784:810	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	13	theme	breaking	791:798	arg1	TBF					807:809	TBF	807:809	TBF	807:809	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	5	14	theme	10 kg	921:925	arg1	scale					927:931	10 kg scale	921:931	10 kg scale	921:931	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	9	15	theme	PADCP	1395:1399	arg1	analyses					1375:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses	1338:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP	1338:1399	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	8	16	with	ADG	1274:1276	arg1	exception					1321:1329	the exception	1317:1329	the exception of TT	1317:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	1	17	theme	variance	398:405	arg1	methods					432:438	multivariate methods	419:438	multivariate methods	419:438	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	17	theme	variance	398:405	arg1	analysis					386:393	analysis	386:393	analysis of variance (ANOVA)	386:413	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	3	18	theme	roller	590:595	arg1	force					597:601	roller force	590:601	roller force	590:601	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	1	19	from	[ADG	191:194	arg1	composition					251:261	the same composition	242:261	the same composition	242:261	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	20	theme	cellulose	308:316	arg1	granules					131:138	granules	131:138	granules	131:138	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	20	theme	cellulose	308:316	arg1	properties					154:163	tableting properties	144:163	tableting properties	144:163	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	20	theme	cellulose	308:316	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	11	21	theme	better	1644:1649	arg1	performance					1651:1661	an overall better performance	1633:1661	an overall better performance	1633:1661	The KVA64 physical mixture demonstrated an overall better performance and binding capability.
27977316	2	22	theme	roller	455:460	arg1	gap					462:464	roller gap	455:464	roller gap	455:464	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels were selected for evaluation.
27977316	8	23	theme	performance	1230:1240	arg1	differences					1242:1252	no statistical performance differences	1215:1252	no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT	1215:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	1	24	theme	Kollidon®	322:330	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	25	theme	coprocessed	168:178	arg1	[ADG					191:194	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	3	26	with	design	554:559	arg1	points					579:584	three center points	566:584	three center points	566:584	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	1	27	theme	Fine	338:341	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	9	28	theme	significant	1458:1468	arg1	effect					1479:1484	a statistically significant negative effect	1442:1484	a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT	1442:1532	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	2	29	theme	roller	471:476	arg1	speed					478:482	roller speed	471:482	roller speed	471:482	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels were selected for evaluation.
27977316	5	30	theme	acetaminophen	850:862	arg1	formulation					871:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation	842:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation	842:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	5	30	theme	acetaminophen	850:862	arg1	granulated					894:903	granulated	894:903	granulated	894:903	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	0	31	theme	roller	72:77	arg1	compaction					79:88	roller compaction	72:88	roller compaction	72:88	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	0	32	theme	Comparative	0:10	arg1	modeling					30:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling	0:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders	0:64	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	1	33	theme	present	263:269	arg1	components					228:237	the two components	220:237	the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP]	220:284	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	12	34	theme	physical	1800:1807	arg1	mixture					1809:1815	a physical mixture	1798:1815	a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition	1798:1861	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	1	35	from	impact	121:126	arg1	granules					131:138	granules	131:138	granules	131:138	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	35	from	impact	121:126	arg1	properties					154:163	tableting properties	144:163	tableting properties	144:163	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	35	from	impact	121:126	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	9	36	theme	granules-to-fine	1489:1504	arg1	ratio					1511:1515	granules-to-fine (GF) ratio	1489:1515	granules-to-fine (GF) ratio	1489:1515	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	6	37	theme	component	944:952	arg1	analysis					954:961	Principal component analysis	934:961	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations	934:991	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	8	38	theme	physical	1297:1304	arg1	blend					1306:1310	its comparable physical blend	1282:1310	its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT	1282:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	0	39	theme	efficiency	19:28	arg1	modeling					30:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling	0:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders	0:64	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	1	40	theme	ADG	274:276	arg1	[PADCP					278:283	ADG [PADCP	274:283	ADG [PADCP	274:283	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	12	41	theme	Avicel®	1770:1776	arg1	DG					1778:1779	coprocessed Avicel® DG	1758:1779	coprocessed Avicel® DG	1758:1779	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	2	42	theme	force	448:452	arg1	levels					484:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels	441:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels	441:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels were selected for evaluation.
27977316	10	43	theme	positive	1556:1563	arg1	effect					1565:1570	a positive effect	1554:1570	a positive effect on these parameters	1554:1590	KVA64 demonstrated a positive effect on these parameters.
27977316	9	44	theme	component	1348:1356	arg1	analyses					1375:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses	1338:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP	1338:1399	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	0	45	theme	granulation	46:56	arg1	binders					58:64	dry granulation binders	42:64	dry granulation binders	42:64	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	12	46	theme	performance	1733:1743	arg1	advantage					1745:1753	no performance advantage	1730:1753	no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG	1730:1779	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	12	47	from	composition	1851:1861	arg1	mixture					1809:1815	a physical mixture	1798:1815	a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition	1798:1861	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	8	48	theme	TT	1334:1335	arg1	exception					1321:1329	the exception	1317:1329	the exception of TT	1317:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	11	49	theme	physical	1603:1610	arg1	mixture					1612:1618	The KVA64 physical mixture	1593:1618	The KVA64 physical mixture	1593:1618	The KVA64 physical mixture demonstrated an overall better performance and binding capability.
27977316	9	50	theme	regression	1358:1367	arg1	analyses					1375:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses	1338:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP	1338:1399	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	1	51	from	cellulose	308:316	arg1	composition					251:261	the same composition	242:261	the same composition	242:261	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	6	52	theme	formulations	980:991	arg1	analysis					954:961	Principal component analysis	934:961	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations	934:991	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	1	53	theme	same	246:249	arg1	composition					251:261	the same composition	242:261	the same composition	242:261	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	54	theme	multivariate	419:430	arg1	methods					432:438	multivariate methods	419:438	multivariate methods	419:438	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	55	theme	Avicel®	180:186	arg1	[ADG					191:194	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	56	from	present	263:269	arg1	[PADCP					278:283	ADG [PADCP	274:283	ADG [PADCP	274:283	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	57	theme	[ADG	191:194	arg1	granules					131:138	granules	131:138	granules	131:138	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	57	theme	[ADG	191:194	arg1	properties					154:163	tableting properties	144:163	tableting properties	144:163	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	57	theme	[ADG	191:194	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	4	58	theme	tablet	760:765	arg1	TF					779:780	TF	779:780	TF	779:780	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	58	theme	tablet	760:765	arg1	friability					767:776	tablet friability	760:776	tablet friability (TF)	760:781	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	6	59	theme	different	1044:1052	arg1	granule					1054:1060	different granule	1044:1060	different granule	1044:1060	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	8	60	with	blend	1306:1310	arg1	exception					1321:1329	the exception	1317:1329	the exception of TT	1317:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	1	61	theme	physical	200:207	arg1	mixture					209:215	a physical mixture	198:215	a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP]	198:284	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	3	62	theme	experimental	541:552	arg1	design					554:559	A 33 full-factorial experimental design	521:559	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed	521:631	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	1	63	from	mixture	209:215	arg1	composition					251:261	the same composition	242:261	the same composition	242:261	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	12	64	theme	same	1846:1849	arg1	composition					1851:1861	the same composition	1842:1861	the same composition	1842:1861	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	4	65	theme	tablet	784:789	arg1	force					800:804	tablet breaking force	784:804	tablet breaking force (TBF)	784:810	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	65	theme	tablet	784:789	arg1	TBF					807:809	TBF	807:809	TBF	807:809	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	7	66	from	difference	1115:1124	arg1	performance					1136:1146	binder performance	1129:1146	binder performance	1129:1146	This difference in binder performance was also confirmed by ANOVA.
27977316	4	67	theme	response	647:654	arg1	parameters					656:665	The response parameters	643:665	The response parameters studied	643:673	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	67	theme	response	647:654	arg1	ratio					702:706	granule-to-fines (GF) ratio	680:706	granule-to-fines (GF) ratio	680:706	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	7	68	theme	binder	1129:1134	arg1	performance					1136:1146	binder performance	1129:1146	binder performance	1129:1146	This difference in binder performance was also confirmed by ANOVA.
27977316	3	69	theme	center	572:577	arg1	points					579:584	three center points	566:584	three center points	566:584	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	1	70	theme	tableting	144:152	arg1	properties					154:163	tableting properties	144:163	tableting properties	144:163	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	2	71	theme	gap	462:464	arg1	levels					484:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels	441:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels	441:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels were selected for evaluation.
27977316	11	72	theme	overall	1636:1642	arg1	performance					1651:1661	an overall better performance	1633:1661	an overall better performance	1633:1661	The KVA64 physical mixture demonstrated an overall better performance and binding capability.
27977316	9	73	from	effect	1479:1484	arg1	TBF					1522:1524	TBF	1522:1524	TBF	1522:1524	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	9	73	from	effect	1479:1484	arg1	DT					1531:1532	DT	1531:1532	DT	1531:1532	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	9	73	from	effect	1479:1484	arg1	TT					1518:1519	TT	1518:1519	TT	1518:1519	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	9	73	from	effect	1479:1484	arg1	ratio					1511:1515	granules-to-fine (GF) ratio	1489:1515	granules-to-fine (GF) ratio	1489:1515	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	8	74	theme	statistical	1218:1228	arg1	differences					1242:1252	no statistical performance differences	1215:1252	no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT	1215:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	12	75	theme	components	1828:1837	arg1	mixture					1809:1815	a physical mixture	1798:1815	a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition	1798:1861	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	2	76	theme	speed	478:482	arg1	levels					484:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels	441:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels	441:489	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels were selected for evaluation.
27977316	11	77	theme	binding	1667:1673	arg1	capability					1675:1684	binding capability	1667:1684	binding capability	1667:1684	The KVA64 physical mixture demonstrated an overall better performance and binding capability.
27977316	1	78	theme	physical	343:350	arg1	mixture					352:358	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	322:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	9	79	theme	negative	1470:1477	arg1	effect					1479:1484	a statistically significant negative effect	1442:1484	a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT	1442:1532	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	6	80	theme	ADG	966:968	arg1	formulations					980:991	ADG and PADCP formulations	966:991	ADG and PADCP formulations	966:991	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	8	81	theme	coprocessed	1262:1272	arg1	ADG					1274:1276	coprocessed ADG	1262:1276	coprocessed ADG	1262:1276	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	0	82	theme	binder	12:17	arg1	modeling					30:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling	0:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders	0:64	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	1	83	theme	Roller	91:96	arg1	impact					121:126	Roller compaction parameters' impact	91:126	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64]	91:366	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	4	84	theme	granule-to-fines	680:695	arg1	parameters					656:665	The response parameters	643:665	The response parameters studied	643:673	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	84	theme	granule-to-fines	680:695	arg1	ratio					702:706	granule-to-fines (GF) ratio	680:706	granule-to-fines (GF) ratio	680:706	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	12	85	theme	DG	1778:1779	arg1	advantage					1745:1753	no performance advantage	1730:1753	no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG	1730:1779	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	6	86	theme	Principal	934:942	arg1	analysis					954:961	Principal component analysis	934:961	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations	934:991	Principal component analysis of ADG and PADCP formulations were separated from KVA64 formulations, indicating different granule and tableting properties were binder dependent.
27977316	5	87	theme	model	844:848	arg1	formulation					871:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation	842:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation	842:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	5	87	theme	model	844:848	arg1	granulated					894:903	granulated	894:903	granulated	894:903	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	3	88	theme	roller	604:609	arg1	gap					611:613	roller gap	604:613	roller gap	604:613	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	8	89	theme	comparable	1286:1295	arg1	blend					1306:1310	its comparable physical blend	1282:1310	its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT	1282:1335	The ANOVA also showed that there were no statistical performance differences between coprocessed ADG and its comparable physical blend with the exception of TT.
27977316	0	90	theme	dry	42:44	arg1	binders					58:64	dry granulation binders	42:64	dry granulation binders	42:64	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	2	91	theme	Roller	441:446	arg1	force					448:452	Roller force	441:452	Roller force	441:452	Roller force, roller gap, and roller speed levels were selected for evaluation.
27977316	4	92	theme	tablet	737:742	arg1	thickness					744:752	tablet thickness	737:752	tablet thickness (TT)	737:757	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	92	theme	tablet	737:742	arg1	TT					755:756	TT	755:756	TT	755:756	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	0	93	theme	binders	58:64	arg1	modeling					30:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling	0:37	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders	0:64	Comparative binder efficiency modeling of dry granulation binders using roller compaction.
27977316	3	94	theme	roller	620:625	arg1	speed					627:631	roller speed	620:631	roller speed	620:631	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	1	95	theme	microcrystalline	291:306	arg1	cellulose					308:316	microcrystalline cellulose	291:316	microcrystalline cellulose	291:316	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	12	96	theme	coprocessed	1758:1768	arg1	DG					1778:1779	coprocessed Avicel® DG	1758:1779	coprocessed Avicel® DG	1758:1779	This study strongly suggests that there is no performance advantage of coprocessed Avicel® DG when compared to a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition.
27977316	5	97	theme	tablet	864:869	arg1	formulation					871:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation	842:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation	842:881	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	5	97	theme	tablet	864:869	arg1	granulated					894:903	granulated	894:903	granulated	894:903	A model acetaminophen tablet formulation was roller granulated and tableted at 10 kg scale.
27977316	3	98	used	used	637:640	arg2	design					554:559	A 33 full-factorial experimental design	521:559	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed	521:631	A 33 full-factorial experimental design with three center points for roller force, roller gap, and roller speed was used.
27977316	4	99	theme	compressibility	709:723	arg1	CI					732:733	CI	732:733	CI	732:733	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	4	99	theme	compressibility	709:723	arg1	index					725:729	compressibility index	709:729	compressibility index (CI)	709:734	The response parameters studied were granule-to-fines (GF) ratio, compressibility index (CI), tablet thickness (TT), tablet friability (TF), tablet breaking force (TBF) and disintegration time (DT).
27977316	9	100	theme	ADG	1387:1389	arg1	analyses					1375:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses	1338:1382	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP	1338:1399	Principal component regression (PCR) analyses of ADG and PADCP revealed that these excipients exhibited a statistically significant negative effect on granules-to-fine (GF) ratio, TT, TBF, and DT.
27977316	1	101	theme	components	228:237	arg1	[ADG					191:194	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG]	168:195	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	101	theme	components	228:237	arg1	cellulose					308:316	microcrystalline cellulose	291:316	microcrystalline cellulose	291:316	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
27977316	1	101	theme	components	228:237	arg1	mixture					209:215	a physical mixture	198:215	a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP]	198:284	Roller compaction parameters' impact on granules and tableting properties of coprocessed Avicel® DG [ADG], a physical mixture of the two components at the same composition present in ADG [PADCP], and microcrystalline cellulose and Kollidon® VA-64 Fine physical mixture [KVA64] was quantified by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate methods.
28608320	3	0	from	effects	510:516	arg1	function					658:665	metabolic and LV function	641:665	metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats	641:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	2	1	theme	probiotics	349:358	arg1	types					328:332	Several types	320:332	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics	320:374	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	7	2	theme	ejection	1692:1699	arg1	fraction					1701:1708	%ejection fraction	1691:1708	%ejection fraction	1691:1708	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	9	3	dep	HFC	1996:1998	arg1	p < 0.05					2010:2017	p < 0.05	2010:2017	p < 0.05	2010:2017	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	3	dep	HFC	1996:1998	arg1	%					2007:2007	92 ± 2%	2001:2007	HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)	1996:2018	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	4	4	theme	blood	849:853	arg1	parameters					807:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	4	theme	blood	849:853	arg1	BP					865:866	BP	865:866	BP	865:866	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	4	theme	blood	849:853	arg1	pressure					855:862	blood pressure	849:862	blood pressure (BP)	849:867	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	7	5	theme	LV	1675:1676	arg1	dysfunction					1678:1688	increased BP and LV dysfunction	1658:1688	dysfunction	1678:1688	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	4	6	theme	mitochondrial	909:921	arg1	dysfunction					923:933	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction	901:933	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction	901:933	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	0	7	theme	obese	147:151	arg1	rats					171:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	3	8	theme	STII01	611:616	arg1	HP4					618:620	Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4	587:620	Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4	587:620	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	1	9	theme	microbiota	231:240	arg1	syndrome					198:205	metabolic syndrome	188:205	metabolic syndrome	188:205	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	1	9	theme	microbiota	231:240	arg1	composition					212:222	the composition	208:222	the composition of gut microbiota	208:240	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	3	10	theme	Lactobacillus	587:599	arg1	HP4					618:620	Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4	587:620	Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4	587:620	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	7	11	theme	increased	1658:1666	arg1	BP					1668:1669	increased BP and LV dysfunction	1658:1688	BP	1668:1669	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	12	theme	[Serum	1569:1574	arg1	LPS					1576:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS	1521:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1521:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	10	13	theme	CONCLUSION	2140:2149	arg1	Prebiotics					2151:2160	CONCLUSION Prebiotics	2140:2160	CONCLUSION Prebiotics	2140:2160	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	7	14	theme	inflammatory	1549:1560	arg1	LPS					1576:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS	1521:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1521:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	9	15	from	dysfunction	2050:2060	arg1	rats					2134:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	4	16	from	regimen	1040:1046	arg1	resistance					1065:1074	obese insulin resistance	1051:1074	obese insulin resistance	1051:1074	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	7	17	theme	depressed	1639:1647	arg1	HRV					1649:1651	depressed HRV	1639:1651	depressed HRV	1639:1651	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	18	theme	increased	1530:1538	arg1	LPS					1576:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS	1521:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1521:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	5	19	theme	normal	1111:1116	arg1	diet					1118:1121	normal diet	1111:1121	normal diet	1111:1121	METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks.
28608320	1	20	from	PURPOSE	177:183	arg1	syndrome					198:205	metabolic syndrome	188:205	metabolic syndrome	188:205	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	1	20	from	PURPOSE	177:183	arg1	composition					212:222	the composition	208:222	the composition of gut microbiota	208:240	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	10	21	from	resistance	2234:2243	arg1	rats					2291:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	8	22	theme	lipid	1859:1863	arg1	profiles					1865:1872	lipid profiles	1859:1872	lipid profiles	1859:1872	Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics attenuated insulin resistance by improving insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles.
28608320	5	23	theme	METHODS	1077:1083	arg1	Rats					1085:1088	METHODS Rats	1077:1088	METHODS Rats	1077:1088	METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks.
28608320	7	24	theme	insulin	1497:1503	arg1	resistance					1505:1514	obese insulin resistance	1491:1514	obese insulin resistance	1491:1514	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	10	25	theme	similar	2197:2203	arg1	efficacy					2205:2212	similar efficacy	2197:2212	similar efficacy	2197:2212	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	0	26	theme	mitochondrial	113:125	arg1	dysfunction					127:137	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction	105:137	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats	105:174	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	HFD					1605:1607	HFD	1605:1607	HFD	1605:1607	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	BP					1668:1669	increased BP and LV dysfunction	1658:1688	BP	1668:1669	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	ND					1581:1582	ND	1581:1582	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1521:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	HRV					1649:1651	depressed HRV	1639:1651	depressed HRV	1639:1651	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	EU/ml					1620:1624	5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml	1610:1624	5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)]	1610:1636	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	EU/ml					1595:1599	0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml	1585:1599	0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml	1585:1599	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	27	dep	LPS	1576:1578	arg1	p < 0.05					1627:1634	p < 0.05	1627:1634	p < 0.05	1627:1634	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	4	28	theme	greater	1009:1015	arg1	efficacy					1017:1024	greater efficacy	1009:1024	greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance	1009:1074	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	0	29	theme	cardiac	72:78	arg1	dysfunction					80:90	cardiac dysfunction	72:90	cardiac dysfunction	72:90	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	30	theme	oxidative	2063:2071	arg1	stress					2073:2078	oxidative stress	2063:2078	oxidative stress	2063:2078	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	0	31	theme	Chronic	0:6	arg1	treatment					8:16	Chronic treatment	0:16	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics	0:59	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	1	32	theme	left	285:288	arg1	LV					303:304	LV	303:304	LV	303:304	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	1	32	theme	left	285:288	arg1	ventricular					290:300	left ventricular	285:300	left ventricular (LV) dysfunction	285:317	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	10	33	theme	insulin	2226:2232	arg1	resistance					2234:2243	insulin resistance	2226:2243	insulin resistance	2226:2243	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	34	theme	LV	1916:1917	arg1	function					1919:1926	LV function	1916:1926	LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1916:2019	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	34	theme	LV	1916:1917	arg1	HRV					1907:1909	HRV	1907:1909	HRV	1907:1909	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	6	35	theme	LV	1360:1361	arg1	function					1363:1370	LV function	1360:1370	LV function	1360:1370	Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
28608320	10	36	theme	obese	2267:2271	arg1	rats					2291:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	3	37	theme	LV	655:656	arg1	function					658:665	metabolic and LV function	641:665	metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats	641:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	4	38	theme	rate	825:828	arg1	parameters					807:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	38	theme	rate	825:828	arg1	HRV					843:845	HRV	843:845	HRV	843:845	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	38	theme	rate	825:828	arg1	variability					830:840	heart rate variability	819:840	heart rate variability (HRV)	819:846	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	9	39	theme	systemic	2085:2092	arg1	inflammation					2094:2105	systemic inflammation	2085:2105	systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats	2085:2137	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	3	40	theme	metabolic	641:649	arg1	function					658:665	metabolic and LV function	641:665	metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats	641:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	4	41	theme	insulin	1057:1063	arg1	resistance					1065:1074	obese insulin resistance	1051:1074	obese insulin resistance	1051:1074	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	3	42	theme	insulin-resistant	676:692	arg1	rats					694:697	obese insulin-resistant rats	670:697	obese insulin-resistant rats	670:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	4	43	theme	metabolic	797:805	arg1	parameters					807:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	43	theme	metabolic	797:805	arg1	function					877:884	LV function	874:884	LV function	874:884	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	43	theme	metabolic	797:805	arg1	variability					830:840	heart rate variability	819:840	heart rate variability (HRV)	819:846	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	43	theme	metabolic	797:805	arg1	pressure					855:862	blood pressure	849:862	blood pressure (BP)	849:867	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	9	44	theme	insulin-resistant	2116:2132	arg1	rats					2134:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	7	45	dep	RESULTS	1466:1472	arg1	had					1487:1489	had	1487:1489	had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1487:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	46	dep	fraction	1701:1708	arg1	ND					1711:1712	ND	1711:1712	ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)	1711:1749	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	3	47	from	function	658:665	arg1	rats					694:697	obese insulin-resistant rats	670:697	obese insulin-resistant rats	670:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	3	48	theme	prebiotics	521:530	arg1	effects					510:516	the effects	506:516	the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats	506:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	4	49	theme	single	1033:1038	arg1	regimen					1040:1046	a single regimen	1031:1046	a single regimen in obese insulin resistance	1031:1074	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	9	50	theme	ejection	1930:1937	arg1	fraction					1939:1946	%ejection fraction	1929:1946	%ejection fraction	1929:1946	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	51	theme	HFPE	1966:1969	arg1	%					1978:1978	HFPE; 93 ± 3%	1966:1978	HFPE; 93 ± 3%	1966:1978	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	6	52	theme	mitochondrial	1381:1393	arg1	function					1395:1402	cardiac mitochondrial function	1373:1402	cardiac mitochondrial function	1373:1402	Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
28608320	7	53	theme	%	1691:1691	arg1	fraction					1701:1708	%ejection fraction	1691:1708	%ejection fraction	1691:1708	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	1	54	theme	metabolic	188:196	arg1	syndrome					198:205	metabolic syndrome	188:205	metabolic syndrome	188:205	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	1	54	theme	metabolic	188:196	arg1	composition					212:222	the composition	208:222	the composition of gut microbiota	208:240	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	2	55	theme	Several	320:326	arg1	types					328:332	Several types	320:332	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics	320:374	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	7	56	dep	ND	1711:1712	arg1	p < 0.05					1741:1748	p < 0.05	1741:1748	p < 0.05	1741:1748	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	56	dep	ND	1711:1712	arg1	HFD					1727:1729	HFD	1727:1729	HFD	1727:1729	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	56	dep	ND	1711:1712	arg1	%					1738:1738	83 ± 2%	1732:1738	ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)	1711:1749	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	56	dep	ND	1711:1712	arg1	%					1721:1721	93 ± 2%	1715:1721	93 ± 2%	1715:1721	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	10	57	theme	insulin-resistant	2273:2289	arg1	rats					2291:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	0	58	theme	male	142:145	arg1	rats					171:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	59	theme	obese	2110:2114	arg1	rats					2134:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	0	60	theme	insulin-resistant	153:169	arg1	rats					171:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	3	61	theme	paracasei	601:609	arg1	HP4					618:620	Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4	587:620	Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4	587:620	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	7	62	contain	had	1487:1489	arg1	rats					1482:1485	HFD-fed rats	1474:1485	HFD-fed rats	1474:1485	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	7	62	contain	had	1487:1489	arg2	resistance					1505:1514	obese insulin resistance	1491:1514	obese insulin resistance	1491:1514	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	4	63	theme	cardiac	901:907	arg1	dysfunction					923:933	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction	901:933	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction	901:933	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	7	64	dep	EU/ml	1620:1624	arg1	fraction					1701:1708	%ejection fraction	1691:1708	%ejection fraction	1691:1708	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	8	65	theme	insulin	1803:1809	arg1	resistance					1811:1820	insulin resistance	1803:1820	insulin resistance	1803:1820	Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics attenuated insulin resistance by improving insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles.
28608320	9	66	from	inflammation	2094:2105	arg1	rats					2134:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	7	67	theme	marker	1562:1567	arg1	LPS					1576:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS	1521:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1521:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	5	68	from	rats	1168:1171	arg1	group					1189:1193	each dietary group	1176:1193	each dietary group	1176:1193	METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks.
28608320	0	69	from	dysfunction	127:137	arg1	rats					171:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	male obese insulin-resistant rats	142:174	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	7	70	theme	systemic	1540:1547	arg1	LPS					1576:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS	1521:1578	markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]	1521:1750	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	4	71	theme	LV	874:875	arg1	parameters					807:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	71	theme	LV	874:875	arg1	function					877:884	LV function	874:884	LV function	874:884	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	8	72	theme	insulin	1835:1841	arg1	sensitivity					1843:1853	insulin sensitivity	1835:1853	insulin sensitivity	1835:1853	Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics attenuated insulin resistance by improving insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles.
28608320	9	73	from	stress	2073:2078	arg1	rats					2134:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	obese insulin-resistant rats	2110:2137	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	74	dep	function	1919:1926	arg1	fraction					1939:1946	%ejection fraction	1929:1946	%ejection fraction	1929:1946	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	75	dep	fraction	1939:1946	arg1	HFC					1996:1998	HFC	1996:1998	HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)	1996:2018	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	75	dep	fraction	1939:1946	arg1	HFPO					1981:1984	HFPO	1981:1984	HFPO	1981:1984	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	75	dep	fraction	1939:1946	arg1	%					1993:1993	92 ± 1%	1987:1993	92 ± 1%	1987:1993	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	75	dep	fraction	1939:1946	arg1	%					1978:1978	HFPE; 93 ± 3%	1966:1978	HFPE; 93 ± 3%	1966:1978	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	75	dep	fraction	1939:1946	arg1	%					1960:1960	HFV; 81 ± 2%	1949:1960	HFV; 81 ± 2%	1949:1960	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	6	76	theme	Metabolic	1329:1337	arg1	parameters					1339:1348	Metabolic parameters	1329:1348	Metabolic parameters	1329:1348	Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
28608320	4	77	theme	oxidative	963:971	arg1	stress					973:978	oxidative stress	963:978	oxidative stress	963:978	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	2	78	from	dysbiosis	451:459	arg1	microbiota					435:444	gut microbiota	431:444	gut microbiota from dysbiosis	431:459	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	0	79	theme	cardiac	105:111	arg1	dysfunction					127:137	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction	105:137	cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats	105:174	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	7	80	theme	obese	1491:1495	arg1	resistance					1505:1514	obese insulin resistance	1491:1514	obese insulin resistance	1491:1514	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	10	81	from	dysfunction	2252:2262	arg1	rats					2291:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	obese insulin-resistant rats	2267:2294	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	9	82	theme	mitochondrial	2036:2048	arg1	dysfunction					2050:2060	mitochondrial dysfunction	2036:2060	mitochondrial dysfunction	2036:2060	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	4	83	theme	systemic	936:943	arg1	inflammation					945:956	systemic inflammation	936:956	systemic inflammation	936:956	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	6	84	theme	cardiac	1373:1379	arg1	function					1395:1402	cardiac mitochondrial function	1373:1402	cardiac mitochondrial function	1373:1402	Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
28608320	1	85	theme	ventricular	290:300	arg1	dysfunction					307:317	left ventricular (LV) dysfunction	285:317	left ventricular (LV) dysfunction	285:317	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	2	86	theme	gut	431:433	arg1	microbiota					435:444	gut microbiota	431:444	gut microbiota from dysbiosis	431:459	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	2	87	theme	synbiotics	365:374	arg1	types					328:332	Several types	320:332	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics	320:374	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	1	88	theme	gut	227:229	arg1	microbiota					231:240	gut microbiota	227:240	gut microbiota	227:240	PURPOSE In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.
28608320	2	89	theme	systemic	474:481	arg1	inflammation					483:494	systemic inflammation	474:494	systemic inflammation	474:494	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	9	90	theme	%	1929:1929	arg1	fraction					1939:1946	%ejection fraction	1929:1946	%ejection fraction	1929:1946	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	4	91	theme	heart	819:823	arg1	parameters					807:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	metabolic parameters	797:816	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	91	theme	heart	819:823	arg1	HRV					843:845	HRV	843:845	HRV	843:845	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	4	91	theme	heart	819:823	arg1	variability					830:840	heart rate variability	819:840	heart rate variability (HRV)	819:846	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	5	92	theme	high-fat	1126:1133	arg1	diet					1135:1138	high-fat diet	1126:1138	high-fat diet (HFD)	1126:1144	METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks.
28608320	5	92	theme	high-fat	1126:1133	arg1	HFD					1141:1143	HFD	1141:1143	HFD	1141:1143	METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks.
28608320	7	93	theme	HFD-fed	1474:1480	arg1	rats					1482:1485	HFD-fed rats	1474:1485	HFD-fed rats	1474:1485	RESULTS HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)].
28608320	10	94	theme	LV	2249:2250	arg1	dysfunction					2252:2262	LV dysfunction	2249:2262	LV dysfunction	2249:2262	CONCLUSION Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	3	95	theme	obese	670:674	arg1	rats					694:697	obese insulin-resistant rats	670:697	obese insulin-resistant rats	670:697	However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated.
28608320	0	96	with	treatment	8:16	arg1	probiotics					35:44	probiotics	35:44	probiotics	35:44	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	0	96	with	treatment	8:16	arg1	prebiotics					23:32	prebiotics	23:32	prebiotics	23:32	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	0	96	with	treatment	8:16	arg1	synbiotics					50:59	synbiotics	50:59	synbiotics	50:59	Chronic treatment with prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics attenuated cardiac dysfunction by improving cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in male obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	2	97	theme	prebiotics	337:346	arg1	types					328:332	Several types	320:332	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics	320:374	Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation.
28608320	6	98	theme	oxidative	1432:1440	arg1	stress					1442:1447	oxidative stress	1432:1447	oxidative stress	1432:1447	Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
28608320	4	99	theme	obese	1051:1055	arg1	resistance					1065:1074	obese insulin resistance	1051:1074	obese insulin resistance	1051:1074	In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
28608320	9	100	theme	HFV	1949:1951	arg1	%					1960:1960	HFV; 81 ± 2%	1949:1960	HFV; 81 ± 2%	1949:1960	All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
28608320	5	101	theme	dietary	1181:1187	arg1	group					1189:1193	each dietary group	1176:1193	each dietary group	1176:1193	METHODS Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks.
28608320	6	102	theme	systemic	1405:1412	arg1	inflammation					1414:1425	systemic inflammation	1405:1425	systemic inflammation	1405:1425	Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
27647923	0	0	theme	aggregated	77:86	arg1	cellulose					88:96	highly aggregated cellulose	70:96	highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants	70:130	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	2	1	theme	walls	434:438	arg1	types					420:424	two types	416:424	two types	416:424	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	6	2	from	structure	1178:1186	arg1	SCWs					1217:1220	SCWs	1217:1220	SCWs	1217:1220	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	2	from	structure	1178:1186	arg1	PCWs					1208:1211	PCWs	1208:1211	PCWs	1208:1211	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	2	3	theme	cell	429:432	arg1	walls					434:438	cell walls	429:438	cell walls	429:438	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	6	4	theme	distinct	1169:1176	arg1	structure					1178:1186	distinct structure	1169:1186	distinct structure	1169:1186	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	5	theme	CSCs	1089:1092	arg1	features					1070:1077	distinct spatiotemporal features	1046:1077	distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis	1046:1121	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	4	6	theme	multiple	670:677	arg1	CSCs					689:692	multiple dispersed CSCs	670:692	multiple dispersed CSCs	670:692	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	6	7	theme	spatiotemporal	1055:1068	arg1	features					1070:1077	distinct spatiotemporal features	1046:1077	distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis	1046:1121	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	1	8	theme	plant	230:234	arg1	wall					241:244	the plant cell wall	226:244	the plant cell wall	226:244	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	3	9	theme	physical	622:629	arg1	characteristics					631:645	different physical characteristics	612:645	different physical characteristics	612:645	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs is chemically identical but has different physical characteristics.
27647923	4	10	theme	low	797:799	arg1	aggregation					801:811	low aggregation	797:811	low aggregation	797:811	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	5	11	theme	arranged	879:886	arg1	CSCs					888:891	densely arranged CSCs	871:891	densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated	871:1009	In contrast, during SCW synthesis, we observed swaths of densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated.
27647923	1	12	theme	cell	236:239	arg1	wall					241:244	the plant cell wall	226:244	the plant cell wall	226:244	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	0	13	theme	cell	111:114	arg1	walls					116:120	secondary cell walls	101:120	secondary cell walls of plants	101:130	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	5	14	theme	CSCs	888:891	arg1	swaths					861:866	swaths	861:866	swaths of densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated	861:1009	In contrast, during SCW synthesis, we observed swaths of densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated.
27647923	0	15	theme	secondary	101:109	arg1	walls					116:120	secondary cell walls	101:120	secondary cell walls of plants	101:130	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	6	16	from	differences	1297:1307	arg1	structure					1327:1335	structure	1327:1335	structure	1327:1335	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	16	from	differences	1297:1307	arg1	organization					1342:1353	organization	1342:1353	organization	1342:1353	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	16	from	differences	1297:1307	arg1	formation					1316:1324	the formation	1312:1324	the formation	1312:1324	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	16	from	differences	1297:1307	arg1	SCWs					1380:1383	SCWs	1380:1383	SCWs	1380:1383	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	16	from	differences	1297:1307	arg1	PCWs					1371:1374	PCWs	1371:1374	PCWs	1371:1374	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	4	17	theme	dispersed	679:687	arg1	CSCs					689:692	multiple dispersed CSCs	670:692	multiple dispersed CSCs	670:692	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	2	18	theme	walls	454:458	arg1	types					420:424	two types	416:424	two types	416:424	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	0	19	theme	synthase	10:17	arg1	complexes					19:27	Cellulose synthase complexes	0:27	Cellulose synthase complexes	0:27	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	3	20	theme	different	612:620	arg1	characteristics					631:645	different physical characteristics	612:645	different physical characteristics	612:645	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs is chemically identical but has different physical characteristics.
27647923	4	21	theme	cellulose	769:777	arg1	microfibrils					779:790	cellulose microfibrils	769:790	cellulose microfibrils	769:790	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	6	22	theme	active	1082:1087	arg1	CSCs					1089:1092	active CSCs	1082:1092	active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis	1082:1121	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	0	23	theme	Cellulose	0:8	arg1	complexes					19:27	Cellulose synthase complexes	0:27	Cellulose synthase complexes	0:27	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	1	24	theme	wall	241:244	arg1	component					213:221	a critical component	202:221	a critical component of the plant cell wall	202:244	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	24	theme	wall	241:244	arg1	Cellulose					133:141	Cellulose	133:141	Cellulose	133:141	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	25	theme	abundant	169:176	arg1	biopolymer					178:187	the most abundant biopolymer	160:187	the most abundant biopolymer on Earth	160:196	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	6	26	theme	cellulose	1358:1366	arg1	structure					1327:1335	structure	1327:1335	structure	1327:1335	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	26	theme	cellulose	1358:1366	arg1	organization					1342:1353	organization	1342:1353	organization	1342:1353	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	26	theme	cellulose	1358:1366	arg1	formation					1316:1324	the formation	1312:1324	the formation	1312:1324	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	2	27	theme	cell	481:484	arg1	SCWs					493:496	SCWs	493:496	SCWs	493:496	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	2	27	theme	cell	481:484	arg1	walls					486:490	secondary cell walls	471:490	secondary cell walls (SCWs)	471:497	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	2	28	theme	secondary	471:479	arg1	SCWs					493:496	SCWs	493:496	SCWs	493:496	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	2	28	theme	secondary	471:479	arg1	walls					486:490	secondary cell walls	471:490	secondary cell walls (SCWs)	471:497	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	4	29	theme	PCW	655:657	arg1	synthesis					659:667	PCW synthesis	655:667	PCW synthesis	655:667	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	5	30	theme	SCW	834:836	arg1	synthesis					838:846	SCW synthesis	834:846	SCW synthesis	834:846	In contrast, during SCW synthesis, we observed swaths of densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated.
27647923	4	31	from	track	721:725	arg1	directions					739:748	opposing directions	730:748	opposing directions	730:748	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	6	32	theme	cellulose	1154:1162	arg1	formation					1141:1149	the formation	1137:1149	the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs	1137:1383	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	33	theme	SCW	1109:1111	arg1	synthesis					1113:1121	SCW synthesis	1109:1121	SCW synthesis	1109:1121	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	0	34	theme	plants	125:130	arg1	walls					116:120	secondary cell walls	101:120	secondary cell walls of plants	101:130	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	4	35	theme	linear	714:719	arg1	track					721:725	a shared linear track	705:725	a shared linear track in opposing directions	705:748	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	2	36	theme	cell	449:452	arg1	walls					454:458	primary cell walls	441:458	primary cell walls (PCWs)	441:465	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	2	36	theme	cell	449:452	arg1	PCWs					461:464	PCWs	461:464	PCWs	461:464	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	1	37	theme	plasma	268:273	arg1	CESA					313:316	CESA	313:316	CESA	313:316	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	37	theme	plasma	268:273	arg1	synthase					303:310	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase	268:310	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes	268:325	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	6	38	theme	thaliana	1237:1244	arg1	SCWs					1217:1220	SCWs	1217:1220	SCWs	1217:1220	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	38	theme	thaliana	1237:1244	arg1	PCWs					1208:1211	PCWs	1208:1211	PCWs	1208:1211	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	4	39	theme	opposing	730:737	arg1	directions					739:748	opposing directions	730:748	opposing directions	730:748	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	6	40	theme	distinct	1046:1053	arg1	features					1070:1077	distinct spatiotemporal features	1046:1077	distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis	1046:1121	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	0	41	theme	concerted	38:46	arg1	fashion					48:54	a concerted fashion	36:54	a concerted fashion	36:54	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	1	42	theme	membrane-spanning	275:291	arg1	CESA					313:316	CESA	313:316	CESA	313:316	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	42	theme	membrane-spanning	275:291	arg1	synthase					303:310	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase	268:310	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes	268:325	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	6	43	theme	Arabidopsis	1225:1235	arg1	thaliana					1237:1244	Arabidopsis thaliana	1225:1244	Arabidopsis thaliana	1225:1244	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	1	44	theme	rosette-like	363:374	arg1	CSCs					392:395	CSCs	392:395	CSCs	392:395	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	44	theme	rosette-like	363:374	arg1	complexes					381:389	rosette-like CESA complexes	363:389	rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs)	363:396	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	5	45	theme	cellulose	958:966	arg1	microfibrils					968:979	cellulose microfibrils	958:979	cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated	958:1009	In contrast, during SCW synthesis, we observed swaths of densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated.
27647923	1	46	from	biopolymer	178:187	arg1	Earth					192:196	Earth	192:196	Earth	192:196	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	3	47	contain	has	608:610	arg2	characteristics					631:645	different physical characteristics	612:645	different physical characteristics	612:645	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs is chemically identical but has different physical characteristics.
27647923	3	47	contain	has	608:610	arg1	Cellulose					553:561	Cellulose	553:561	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs	553:578	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs is chemically identical but has different physical characteristics.
27647923	3	48	from	Cellulose	553:561	arg1	PCWs					566:569	PCWs	566:569	PCWs	566:569	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs is chemically identical but has different physical characteristics.
27647923	3	48	from	Cellulose	553:561	arg1	SCWs					575:578	SCWs	575:578	SCWs	575:578	Cellulose in PCWs and SCWs is chemically identical but has different physical characteristics.
27647923	1	49	theme	cellulose	293:301	arg1	CESA					313:316	CESA	313:316	CESA	313:316	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	49	theme	cellulose	293:301	arg1	synthase					303:310	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase	268:310	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes	268:325	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	50	theme	CESA	376:379	arg1	CSCs					392:395	CSCs	392:395	CSCs	392:395	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	50	theme	CESA	376:379	arg1	complexes					381:389	rosette-like CESA complexes	363:389	rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs)	363:396	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	6	51	dep	PCWs	1208:1211	arg1	provides					1257:1264	provides	1257:1264	provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs	1257:1383	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	52	with	formation	1141:1149	arg1	structure					1178:1186	distinct structure	1169:1186	distinct structure	1169:1186	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	52	with	formation	1141:1149	arg1	organization					1192:1203	organization	1192:1203	organization	1192:1203	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	2	53	theme	walls	486:490	arg1	types					420:424	two types	416:424	two types	416:424	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	6	54	from	organization	1192:1203	arg1	SCWs					1217:1220	SCWs	1217:1220	SCWs	1217:1220	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	6	54	from	organization	1192:1203	arg1	PCWs					1208:1211	PCWs	1208:1211	PCWs	1208:1211	Our data support a model in which distinct spatiotemporal features of active CSCs during PCW and SCW synthesis contribute to the formation of cellulose with distinct structure and organization in PCWs and SCWs of Arabidopsis thaliana This study provides a foundation for understanding differences in the formation, structure, and organization of cellulose in PCWs and SCWs.
27647923	2	55	theme	primary	441:447	arg1	walls					454:458	primary cell walls	441:458	primary cell walls (PCWs)	441:465	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	2	55	theme	primary	441:447	arg1	PCWs					461:464	PCWs	461:464	PCWs	461:464	Plants construct two types of cell walls, primary cell walls (PCWs) and secondary cell walls (SCWs), which differ in composition, structure, and purpose.
27647923	0	56	from	cellulose	88:96	arg1	walls					116:120	secondary cell walls	101:120	secondary cell walls of plants	101:130	Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants.
27647923	4	57	theme	shared	707:712	arg1	track					721:725	a shared linear track	705:725	a shared linear track in opposing directions	705:748	During PCW synthesis, multiple dispersed CSCs move along a shared linear track in opposing directions while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils with low aggregation.
27647923	1	58	theme	critical	204:211	arg1	component					213:221	a critical component	202:221	a critical component of the plant cell wall	202:244	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	58	theme	critical	204:211	arg1	Cellulose					133:141	Cellulose	133:141	Cellulose	133:141	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	1	59	theme	synthase	303:310	arg1	enzymes					319:325	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes	268:325	plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes	268:325	Cellulose, often touted as the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, is a critical component of the plant cell wall and is synthesized by plasma membrane-spanning cellulose synthase (CESA) enzymes, which in plants are organized into rosette-like CESA complexes (CSCs).
27647923	5	60	theme	same	911:914	arg1	direction					916:924	the same direction	907:924	the same direction along tracks	907:937	In contrast, during SCW synthesis, we observed swaths of densely arranged CSCs that moved in the same direction along tracks while synthesizing cellulose microfibrils that became highly aggregated.
25710501	8	0	theme	granule-bound	1146:1158	arg1	proteins					1160:1167	granule-bound proteins	1146:1167	granule-bound proteins	1146:1167	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	4	1	theme	STARCH	574:579	arg1	SYNTHASE					581:588	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE	556:588	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS)	556:595	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	4	1	theme	STARCH	574:579	arg1	glucosyltransferase					604:622	the glucosyltransferase	600:622	the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis	600:746	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	4	1	theme	STARCH	574:579	arg1	GBSS					591:594	GBSS	591:594	GBSS	591:594	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	8	2	from	reduction	1187:1195	arg1	granules					1235:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	10	3	theme	GBSS	1548:1551	arg1	localisation					1553:1564	correct GBSS localisation	1540:1564	correct GBSS localisation	1540:1564	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	3	4	theme	non-food	522:529	arg1	processes					545:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	8	5	theme	dramatic	1178:1185	arg1	reduction					1187:1195	a dramatic reduction	1176:1195	a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules	1176:1242	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	4	6	theme	amylose	664:670	arg1	polymers					672:679	amylose polymers	664:679	amylose polymers	664:679	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	3	7	from	behaviour	454:462	arg1	processes					545:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	3	8	theme	mixtures	510:517	arg1	behaviour					454:462	the physico-chemical behaviour	433:462	the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes	433:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	1	9	theme	starch	174:179	arg1	crops					181:185	starch crops	174:185	starch crops	174:185	The domestication of starch crops underpinned the development of human civilisation, yet we still do not fully understand how plants make starch.
25710501	9	10	from	assays	1329:1334	arg1	planta					1339:1344	planta	1339:1344	planta	1339:1344	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	8	11	theme	protein	1205:1211	arg1	reduction					1187:1195	a dramatic reduction	1176:1195	a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules	1176:1242	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	0	12	theme	normal	112:117	arg1	synthesis					127:135	normal amylose synthesis	112:135	normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis	112:150	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	8	13	theme	ptst	1216:1219	arg1	granules					1235:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	9	14	dep	in	1288:1289	arg1	vitro					1291:1295	vitro	1291:1295	vitro	1291:1295	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	9	15	theme	Pull-down	1245:1253	arg1	assays					1255:1260	Pull-down assays	1245:1260	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro	1245:1295	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	1	16	theme	human	218:222	arg1	civilisation					224:235	human civilisation	218:235	human civilisation	218:235	The domestication of starch crops underpinned the development of human civilisation, yet we still do not fully understand how plants make starch.
25710501	8	17	theme	starch	1228:1233	arg1	granules					1235:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	6	18	theme	coiled	932:937	arg1	domain					944:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	7	19	theme	ptst	1034:1037	arg1	mutants					1039:1045	Arabidopsis ptst mutants	1022:1045	Arabidopsis ptst mutants	1022:1045	We discovered that Arabidopsis ptst mutants synthesise amylose-free starch and are phenotypically similar to mutants lacking GBSS.
25710501	3	20	from	processes	545:553	arg1	behaviour					454:462	the physico-chemical behaviour	433:462	the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes	433:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	5	21	from	synthesis	852:860	arg1	Arabidopsis					865:875	Arabidopsis	865:875	Arabidopsis	865:875	Here, we demonstrate that PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH (PTST) is also specifically required for amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	0	22	theme	GRANULE-BOUND	55:67	arg1	SYNTHASE					76:83	localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE	44:83	localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules	44:102	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	8	23	theme	proteins	1160:1167	arg1	Analysis					1134:1141	Analysis	1134:1141	Analysis of granule-bound proteins	1134:1167	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	3	24	from	mixtures	510:517	arg1	processes					545:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	0	25	theme	starch	88:93	arg1	granules					95:102	starch granules	88:102	starch granules	88:102	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	15	26	theme	new	2044:2046	arg1	target					2053:2058	a promising new gene target	2032:2058	a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition	2032:2118	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	6	27	theme	carbohydrate	968:979	arg1	module					989:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module	955:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM)	955:1000	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	27	theme	carbohydrate	968:979	arg1	CBM					997:999	CBM	997:999	CBM	997:999	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	10	28	theme	PTST	1460:1463	arg1	domain					1450:1455	the CBM domain	1442:1455	the CBM domain	1442:1455	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	10	28	theme	PTST	1460:1463	arg1	PTST					1460:1463	PTST	1460:1463	PTST	1460:1463	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	13	29	theme	unknown	1830:1836	arg1	function					1838:1845	a previously unknown function	1817:1845	a previously unknown function in targeting GBSS to starch	1817:1873	PTST fulfils a previously unknown function in targeting GBSS to starch.
25710501	0	30	theme	PROTEIN	0:6	arg1	TARGETING					8:16	PROTEIN TARGETING	0:16	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH	0:26	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	9	31	with	assays	1255:1260	arg1	proteins					1279:1286	recombinant proteins	1267:1286	recombinant proteins	1267:1286	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	11	32	theme	PTST	1694:1697	arg1	presence					1670:1677	the presence	1666:1677	the presence of Arabidopsis PTST	1666:1697	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	5	33	theme	PROTEIN	775:781	arg1	TARGETING					783:791	PROTEIN TARGETING	775:791	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH (PTST)	775:808	Here, we demonstrate that PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH (PTST) is also specifically required for amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	14	34	theme	biosynthetic	1928:1939	arg1	enzymes					1941:1947	biosynthetic enzymes	1928:1947	biosynthetic enzymes	1928:1947	This sheds new light on the importance of targeting biosynthetic enzymes to sub-cellular sites where their action is required.
25710501	11	35	theme	Arabidopsis	1588:1598	arg1	GBSS					1600:1603	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS	1567:1603	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS	1567:1603	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	3	36	theme	starchy	467:473	arg1	foods					475:479	starchy foods	467:479	starchy foods	467:479	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	11	37	theme	starch	1714:1719	arg1	granules					1721:1728	starch granules	1714:1728	starch granules	1714:1728	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	15	38	theme	starch	2101:2106	arg1	composition					2108:2118	starch composition	2101:2118	starch composition	2101:2118	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	1	39	theme	civilisation	224:235	arg1	development					203:213	the development	199:213	the development of human civilisation	199:235	The domestication of starch crops underpinned the development of human civilisation, yet we still do not fully understand how plants make starch.
25710501	0	40	from	synthesis	127:135	arg1	Arabidopsis					140:150	Arabidopsis	140:150	Arabidopsis	140:150	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	5	41	theme	amylose	844:850	arg1	synthesis					852:860	amylose synthesis	844:860	amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis	844:875	Here, we demonstrate that PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH (PTST) is also specifically required for amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	6	42	theme	plastidial	888:897	arg1	PTST					878:881	PTST	878:881	PTST	878:881	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	42	theme	plastidial	888:897	arg1	protein					899:905	a plastidial protein	886:905	a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM)	886:1000	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	12	43	theme	CBM	1747:1749	arg1	Mutation					1731:1738	Mutation	1731:1738	Mutation of the CBM of PTST	1731:1757	Mutation of the CBM of PTST caused GBSS to remain in the plastid stroma.
25710501	4	44	theme	GRANULE-BOUND	560:572	arg1	SYNTHASE					581:588	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE	556:588	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS)	556:595	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	4	44	theme	GRANULE-BOUND	560:572	arg1	glucosyltransferase					604:622	the glucosyltransferase	600:622	the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis	600:746	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	4	44	theme	GRANULE-BOUND	560:572	arg1	GBSS					591:594	GBSS	591:594	GBSS	591:594	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	9	45	from	assays	1255:1260	arg1	planta					1339:1344	planta	1339:1344	planta	1339:1344	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	12	46	theme	PTST	1754:1757	arg1	CBM					1747:1749	the CBM	1743:1749	the CBM of PTST	1743:1757	Mutation of the CBM of PTST caused GBSS to remain in the plastid stroma.
25710501	10	47	theme	correct	1540:1546	arg1	localisation					1553:1564	correct GBSS localisation	1540:1564	correct GBSS localisation	1540:1564	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	3	48	theme	starch	503:508	arg1	mixtures					510:517	starch mixtures	503:517	starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes	503:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	14	49	theme	new	1887:1889	arg1	light					1891:1895	new light	1887:1895	new light	1887:1895	This sheds new light on the importance of targeting biosynthetic enzymes to sub-cellular sites where their action is required.
25710501	1	50	theme	crops	181:185	arg1	domestication					157:169	The domestication	153:169	The domestication of starch crops	153:185	The domestication of starch crops underpinned the development of human civilisation, yet we still do not fully understand how plants make starch.
25710501	6	51	theme	C-terminal	957:966	arg1	module					989:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module	955:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM)	955:1000	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	51	theme	C-terminal	957:966	arg1	CBM					997:999	CBM	997:999	CBM	997:999	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	52	contain	possessing	907:916	arg1	PTST					878:881	PTST	878:881	PTST	878:881	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	52	contain	possessing	907:916	arg2	CBM					997:999	CBM	997:999	CBM	997:999	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	52	contain	possessing	907:916	arg1	protein					899:905	a plastidial protein	886:905	a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM)	886:1000	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	52	contain	possessing	907:916	arg2	domain					944:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	52	contain	possessing	907:916	arg2	module					989:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module	955:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM)	955:1000	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	7	53	theme	amylose-free	1058:1069	arg1	starch					1071:1076	amylose-free starch	1058:1076	amylose-free starch	1058:1076	We discovered that Arabidopsis ptst mutants synthesise amylose-free starch and are phenotypically similar to mutants lacking GBSS.
25710501	3	54	theme	manufacturing	531:543	arg1	processes					545:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	non-food manufacturing processes	522:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	8	55	theme	GBSS	1200:1203	arg1	protein					1205:1211	GBSS protein	1200:1211	GBSS protein	1200:1211	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	3	56	theme	foods	475:479	arg1	behaviour					454:462	the physico-chemical behaviour	433:462	the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes	433:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	15	57	theme	composition	2108:2118	arg1	modification					2085:2096	the biotechnological modification	2064:2096	the biotechnological modification of starch composition	2064:2118	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	6	58	theme	coil	939:942	arg1	domain					944:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	4	59	theme	responsible	637:647	arg1	SYNTHASE					581:588	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE	556:588	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS)	556:595	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	4	59	theme	responsible	637:647	arg1	glucosyltransferase					604:622	the glucosyltransferase	600:622	the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis	600:746	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	7	60	theme	Arabidopsis	1022:1032	arg1	mutants					1039:1045	Arabidopsis ptst mutants	1022:1045	Arabidopsis ptst mutants	1022:1045	We discovered that Arabidopsis ptst mutants synthesise amylose-free starch and are phenotypically similar to mutants lacking GBSS.
25710501	8	61	theme	mutant	1221:1226	arg1	granules					1235:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	ptst mutant starch granules	1216:1242	Analysis of granule-bound proteins showed a dramatic reduction of GBSS protein in ptst mutant starch granules.
25710501	6	62	theme	N-terminal	921:930	arg1	domain					944:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	an N-terminal coiled coil domain	918:949	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	0	63	theme	amylose	119:125	arg1	synthesis					127:135	normal amylose synthesis	112:135	normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis	112:150	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	9	64	with	assays	1329:1334	arg1	proteins					1279:1286	recombinant proteins	1267:1286	recombinant proteins	1267:1286	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	9	65	theme	recombinant	1267:1277	arg1	proteins					1279:1286	recombinant proteins	1267:1286	recombinant proteins	1267:1286	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	0	66	theme	STARCH	69:74	arg1	SYNTHASE					76:83	localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE	44:83	localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules	44:102	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	9	67	theme	in	1288:1289	arg1	assays					1255:1260	Pull-down assays	1245:1260	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro	1245:1295	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	15	68	theme	amylose	2154:2160	arg1	synthesis					2162:2170	amylose synthesis	2154:2170	amylose synthesis	2154:2170	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	10	69	with	interaction	1485:1495	arg1	granules					1509:1516	starch granules	1502:1516	starch granules	1502:1516	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	4	70	theme	only	693:696	arg1	protein					698:704	the only protein	689:704	the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis	689:746	The GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE (GBSS) is the glucosyltransferase specifically responsible for elongating amylose polymers and was the only protein known to be required for its biosynthesis.
25710501	15	71	theme	promising	2034:2042	arg1	target					2053:2058	a promising new gene target	2032:2058	a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition	2032:2118	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	6	72	theme	binding	981:987	arg1	module					989:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module	955:994	a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM)	955:1000	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	6	72	theme	binding	981:987	arg1	CBM					997:999	CBM	997:999	CBM	997:999	PTST is a plastidial protein possessing an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal carbohydrate binding module (CBM).
25710501	9	73	theme	immunoprecipitation	1309:1327	arg1	assays					1329:1334	immunoprecipitation assays	1309:1334	immunoprecipitation assays in planta	1309:1344	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
25710501	3	74	theme	amylose	405:411	arg1	amylose					405:411	amylose	405:411	amylose	405:411	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	3	74	theme	amylose	405:411	arg1	amount					395:400	The amount	391:400	The amount of amylose	391:411	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	10	75	theme	CBM	1446:1448	arg1	domain					1450:1455	the CBM domain	1442:1455	the CBM domain	1442:1455	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	10	75	theme	CBM	1446:1448	arg1	PTST					1460:1463	PTST	1460:1463	PTST	1460:1463	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	11	76	dep	tobacco	1626:1632	arg1	leaves					1649:1654	leaves	1649:1654	leaves	1649:1654	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	11	76	dep	tobacco	1626:1632	arg1	either					1616:1621	either	1616:1621	either	1616:1621	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	14	77	theme	sub-cellular	1952:1963	arg1	sites					1965:1969	sub-cellular sites	1952:1969	sub-cellular sites where their action is required	1952:2000	This sheds new light on the importance of targeting biosynthetic enzymes to sub-cellular sites where their action is required.
25710501	11	78	theme	Arabidopsis	1682:1692	arg1	PTST					1694:1697	Arabidopsis PTST	1682:1697	Arabidopsis PTST	1682:1697	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	3	79	theme	physico-chemical	437:452	arg1	behaviour					454:462	the physico-chemical behaviour	433:462	the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes	433:553	The amount of amylose strongly influences the physico-chemical behaviour of starchy foods during cooking and of starch mixtures in non-food manufacturing processes.
25710501	11	80	theme	tagged	1581:1586	arg1	GBSS					1600:1603	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS	1567:1603	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS	1567:1603	Fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis GBSS, expressed either in tobacco or Arabidopsis leaves, required the presence of Arabidopsis PTST to localise to starch granules.
25710501	0	81	theme	localising	44:53	arg1	SYNTHASE					76:83	localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE	44:83	localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules	44:102	PROTEIN TARGETING TO STARCH is required for localising GRANULE-BOUND STARCH SYNTHASE to starch granules and for normal amylose synthesis in Arabidopsis.
25710501	15	82	theme	biotechnological	2068:2083	arg1	modification					2085:2096	the biotechnological modification	2064:2096	the biotechnological modification of starch composition	2064:2118	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	10	83	theme	starch	1502:1507	arg1	granules					1509:1516	starch granules	1502:1516	starch granules	1502:1516	Furthermore, we show that the CBM domain of PTST, which mediates its interaction with starch granules, is also required for correct GBSS localisation.
25710501	2	84	theme	glucose	321:327	arg1	polymers					329:336	glucose polymers	321:336	glucose polymers that are branched (amylopectin) or linear (amylose)	321:388	Starch is composed of glucose polymers that are branched (amylopectin) or linear (amylose).
25710501	12	85	theme	plastid	1788:1794	arg1	stroma					1796:1801	the plastid stroma	1784:1801	the plastid stroma	1784:1801	Mutation of the CBM of PTST caused GBSS to remain in the plastid stroma.
25710501	15	86	theme	gene	2048:2051	arg1	target					2053:2058	a promising new gene target	2032:2058	a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition	2032:2118	Importantly, PTST represents a promising new gene target for the biotechnological modification of starch composition, as it is exclusively involved in amylose synthesis.
25710501	9	87	theme	coiled	1403:1408	arg1	coil					1410:1413	a coiled coil	1401:1413	a coiled coil	1401:1413	Pull-down assays with recombinant proteins in vitro, as well as immunoprecipitation assays in planta, revealed that GBSS physically interacts with PTST via a coiled coil.
26380893	2	0	theme	annealing	508:516	arg1	temperature					518:528	the annealing temperature	504:528	the annealing temperature	504:528	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure could be obtained and the composition of IrOx nanofibers also could be controlled through changing the annealing temperature.
26380893	3	1	theme	stable	729:734	arg1	matrix					736:741	a highly stable matrix	720:741	a highly stable matrix	720:741	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	1	2	theme	electrospinning	260:274	arg1	method					276:281	a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method	237:281	a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method	237:281	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	5	3	from	AFP	1075:1077	arg1	serum					1088:1092	human serum	1082:1092	human serum	1082:1092	The proposed immunosensor also has been used to determine AFP in human serum with satisfactory results.
26380893	3	4	theme	unique	535:540	arg1	structure					542:550	The unique structure	531:550	The unique structure	531:550	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	4	5	dep	150	970:972	arg1	to					967:968	to	967:968	to	967:968	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	3	6	theme	IrOx	570:573	arg1	nanofibers					575:584	IrOx nanofibers	570:584	IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C	570:603	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	5	7	theme	satisfactory	1099:1110	arg1	results					1112:1118	satisfactory results	1099:1118	satisfactory results	1099:1118	The proposed immunosensor also has been used to determine AFP in human serum with satisfactory results.
26380893	3	8	theme	nanofibers	575:584	arg1	properties					556:565	properties	556:565	properties	556:565	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	3	8	theme	nanofibers	575:584	arg1	structure					542:550	The unique structure	531:550	The unique structure	531:550	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	4	9	from	ng/mL	974:978	arg1	range					951:955	a wide concentration range	930:955	a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL	930:978	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	3	10	theme	convenient	751:760	arg1	conjugation					762:772	the convenient conjugation	747:772	the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS)	747:816	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	4	11	theme	immunosensor	886:897	arg1	properties					844:853	The good electrochemical properties	819:853	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor	819:897	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	6	12	theme	clinical	1178:1185	arg1	screening					1187:1195	clinical screening	1178:1195	clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications	1178:1259	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	5	13	with	AFP	1075:1077	arg1	results					1112:1118	satisfactory results	1099:1118	satisfactory results	1099:1118	The proposed immunosensor also has been used to determine AFP in human serum with satisfactory results.
26380893	4	14	theme	IrOx-nanofiber-modified	862:884	arg1	immunosensor					886:897	the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor	858:897	the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor	858:897	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	0	15	theme	IrOx	13:16	arg1	Architectures					18:30	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures	0:30	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.	0:118	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.
26380893	0	16	theme	Wire-in-Tube	0:11	arg1	Architectures					18:30	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures	0:30	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.	0:118	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.
26380893	3	17	theme	biomolecules	777:788	arg1	conjugation					762:772	the convenient conjugation	747:772	the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS)	747:816	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	1	18	dep	IrOx	181:184	arg1	0≤x≤2					187:191	0≤x≤2	187:191	0≤x≤2	187:191	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	5	19	theme	human	1082:1086	arg1	serum					1088:1092	human serum	1082:1092	human serum	1082:1092	The proposed immunosensor also has been used to determine AFP in human serum with satisfactory results.
26380893	2	20	theme	nanofibers	451:460	arg1	composition					431:441	the composition	427:441	the composition of IrOx nanofibers	427:460	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure could be obtained and the composition of IrOx nanofibers also could be controlled through changing the annealing temperature.
26380893	4	21	theme	good	823:826	arg1	properties					844:853	The good electrochemical properties	819:853	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor	819:897	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	6	22	theme	diagnostics	1236:1246	arg1	applications					1248:1259	point-of-care diagnostics applications	1222:1259	point-of-care diagnostics applications	1222:1259	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	1	23	theme	sensitive	122:130	arg1	immunosensor					144:155	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor	120:155	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor	120:155	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	2	24	theme	IrOx	446:449	arg1	nanofibers					451:460	IrOx nanofibers	446:460	IrOx nanofibers	446:460	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure could be obtained and the composition of IrOx nanofibers also could be controlled through changing the annealing temperature.
26380893	3	25	theme	electron	670:677	arg1	kinetics					688:695	accelerated electron transfer kinetics	658:695	accelerated electron transfer kinetics	658:695	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	6	26	theme	biomarkers	1207:1216	arg1	screening					1187:1195	clinical screening	1178:1195	clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications	1178:1259	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	1	27	dep	sensitive	122:130	arg1	label-free					133:142	label-free	133:142	label-free	133:142	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	0	28	theme	Label-Free	45:54	arg1	Immunosensor					56:67	Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor	33:67	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.	0:118	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.
26380893	5	29	used	used	1057:1060	arg2	immunosensor					1030:1041	The proposed immunosensor	1017:1041	The proposed immunosensor	1017:1041	The proposed immunosensor also has been used to determine AFP in human serum with satisfactory results.
26380893	3	30	theme	transfer	679:686	arg1	kinetics					688:695	accelerated electron transfer kinetics	658:695	accelerated electron transfer kinetics	658:695	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	5	31	theme	proposed	1021:1028	arg1	immunosensor					1030:1041	The proposed immunosensor	1017:1041	The proposed immunosensor	1017:1041	The proposed immunosensor also has been used to determine AFP in human serum with satisfactory results.
26380893	6	32	theme	cancer	1200:1205	arg1	biomarkers					1207:1216	cancer biomarkers	1200:1216	cancer biomarkers	1200:1216	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	0	33	theme	Alternative	33:43	arg1	Immunosensor					56:67	Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor	33:67	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.	0:118	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.
26380893	4	34	theme	pg/mL	1010:1014	arg1	limit					998:1002	a detection limit	986:1002	a detection limit of 20 pg/mL	986:1014	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	4	35	theme	electrochemical	828:842	arg1	properties					844:853	The good electrochemical properties	819:853	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor	819:897	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	4	36	theme	wide	932:935	arg1	range					951:955	a wide concentration range	930:955	a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL	930:978	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	3	37	theme	accelerated	658:668	arg1	kinetics					688:695	accelerated electron transfer kinetics	658:695	accelerated electron transfer kinetics	658:695	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	6	38	theme	applications	1248:1259	arg1	screening					1187:1195	clinical screening	1178:1195	clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications	1178:1259	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	1	39	theme	cancer	327:332	arg1	AFP					359:361	AFP	359:361	AFP	359:361	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	1	39	theme	cancer	327:332	arg1	α-fetoprotein					344:356	the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein	323:356	the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP)	323:362	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	4	40	theme	detection	988:996	arg1	limit					998:1002	a detection limit	986:1002	a detection limit of 20 pg/mL	986:1014	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	1	41	theme	biomarker	334:342	arg1	AFP					359:361	AFP	359:361	AFP	359:361	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	1	41	theme	biomarker	334:342	arg1	α-fetoprotein					344:356	the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein	323:356	the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP)	323:362	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	1	42	theme	iridium	166:172	arg1	oxide					174:178	iridium oxide	166:178	iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers	166:203	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	1	42	theme	iridium	166:172	arg1	IrOx					181:184	IrOx	181:184	IrOx	181:184	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	3	43	theme	surface	641:647	arg1	area					649:652	increased electrode surface area	621:652	increased electrode surface area	621:652	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	6	44	theme	present	1125:1131	arg1	protocol					1133:1140	The present protocol	1121:1140	The present protocol	1121:1140	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	6	44	theme	present	1125:1131	arg1	promising					1164:1172	promising	1164:1172	promising	1164:1172	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	4	45	theme	concentration	937:949	arg1	range					951:955	a wide concentration range	930:955	a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL	930:978	The good electrochemical properties of the IrOx-nanofiber-modified immunosensor allowed one to detect AFP over a wide concentration range from 0.05 to 150 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 20 pg/mL.
26380893	6	46	theme	point-of-care	1222:1234	arg1	applications					1248:1259	point-of-care diagnostics applications	1222:1259	point-of-care diagnostics applications	1222:1259	The present protocol was shown to be quite promising for clinical screening of cancer biomarkers and point-of-care diagnostics applications.
26380893	0	47	dep	Architectures	18:30	arg1	Immunosensor					56:67	Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor	33:67	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.	0:118	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.
26380893	1	48	theme	oxide	174:178	arg1	nanofibers					194:203	iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers	166:203	iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers	166:203	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	3	49	theme	increased	621:629	arg1	area					649:652	increased electrode surface area	621:652	increased electrode surface area	621:652	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	2	50	theme	wire-in-tube	378:389	arg1	nanostructure					391:403	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure	365:403	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure	365:403	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure could be obtained and the composition of IrOx nanofibers also could be controlled through changing the annealing temperature.
26380893	1	51	theme	simple	239:244	arg1	method					276:281	a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method	237:281	a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method	237:281	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	0	52	theme	Amperometric	73:84	arg1	Immunoassay					86:96	Amperometric Immunoassay	73:96	Amperometric Immunoassay	73:96	Wire-in-Tube IrOx Architectures: Alternative Label-Free Immunosensor for Amperometric Immunoassay toward α-Fetoprotein.
26380893	1	53	theme	α-fetoprotein	344:356	arg1	immunoassay					308:318	immunoassay	308:318	immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP)	308:362	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
26380893	3	54	theme	electrode	631:639	arg1	area					649:652	increased electrode surface area	621:652	increased electrode surface area	621:652	The unique structure and properties of IrOx nanofibers obtained at 500 °C not only led to increased electrode surface area and accelerated electron transfer kinetics but also could provide a highly stable matrix for the convenient conjugation of biomolecules together with chitosan (CS).
26380893	2	55	theme	specific	369:376	arg1	nanostructure					391:403	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure	365:403	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure	365:403	The specific wire-in-tube nanostructure could be obtained and the composition of IrOx nanofibers also could be controlled through changing the annealing temperature.
26380893	1	56	theme	one-spinneret	246:258	arg1	method					276:281	a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method	237:281	a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method	237:281	A sensitive, label-free immunosensor based on iridium oxide (IrOx, 0≤x≤2) nanofibers, which were synthesized through a simple one-spinneret electrospinning method, was first developed for immunoassay of the cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (AFP).
25860971	6	0	theme	milk	810:813	arg1	production					815:824	reduced milk production	802:824	reduced milk production	802:824	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	1	1	theme	best	119:122	arg1	level					124:128	the best level	115:128	the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	115:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	0	2	theme	lactating	60:68	arg1	cows					70:73	feeding lactating cows	52:73	feeding lactating cows	52:73	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	2	3	theme	increasing	282:291	arg1	levels					293:298	increasing levels	282:298	increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd	282:331	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	9	4	theme	matter	1263:1268	arg1	intake					1249:1254	intake	1249:1254	intake of dry matter and nutrients	1249:1282	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	6	5	theme	daily	930:934	arg1	production					936:945	daily production	930:945	daily production of lactose, solids and minerals	930:977	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	4	6	theme	total	618:622	arg1	carbohydrate					624:635	total carbohydrate	618:635	total carbohydrate	618:635	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	8	7	theme	ration	1200:1205	arg1	ration					1200:1205	the corn ration	1191:1205	the corn ration	1191:1205	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	8	7	theme	ration	1200:1205	arg1	%					1186:1186	up to 100%	1177:1186	up to 100% of the corn ration	1177:1205	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	2	8	dep	levels	293:298	arg1	%					302:302	0%	301:302	0%	301:302	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	2	8	dep	levels	293:298	arg1	%					307:307	33%	305:307	33%	305:307	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	2	8	dep	levels	293:298	arg1	%					312:312	66%	310:312	66%	310:312	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	2	8	dep	levels	293:298	arg1	%					321:321	100%	318:321	100%	318:321	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	4	9	theme	organic	584:590	arg1	matter					592:597	organic matter	584:597	organic matter	584:597	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	9	10	from	reduction	1297:1305	arg1	production					1314:1323	the production	1310:1323	the production of milk	1310:1331	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	9	10	from	reduction	1297:1305	arg1	intake					1249:1254	intake	1249:1254	intake of dry matter and nutrients	1249:1282	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	9	11	theme	milk	1328:1331	arg1	production					1314:1323	the production	1310:1323	the production of milk	1310:1331	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	2	12	dep	a	336:336	arg1	substitute					338:347	substitute	338:347	substitute for corn	338:356	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	6	13	from	effect	920:925	arg1	production					936:945	daily production	930:945	daily production of lactose, solids and minerals	930:977	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	3	14	theme	nutrients	406:414	arg1	parameters					456:465	blood parameters	450:465	blood parameters of glucose and urea	450:485	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	14	theme	nutrients	406:414	arg1	digestibility					374:386	digestibility	374:386	digestibility	374:386	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	14	theme	nutrients	406:414	arg1	synthesis					501:509	microbial synthesis	491:509	microbial synthesis of the diets	491:522	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	14	theme	nutrients	406:414	arg1	production					422:431	milk production	417:431	milk production	417:431	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	14	theme	nutrients	406:414	arg1	composition					437:447	composition	437:447	composition	437:447	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	14	theme	nutrients	406:414	arg1	intake					363:368	intake	363:368	intake	363:368	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	6	15	theme	lactose	950:956	arg1	production					936:945	daily production	930:945	daily production of lactose, solids and minerals	930:977	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	7	16	from	glucose	1002:1008	arg1	plasma					1031:1036	plasma	1031:1036	plasma	1031:1036	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	4	17	theme	fiber	677:681	arg1	intake					652:657	increased intake	642:657	increased intake of acid detergent fiber	642:681	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	17	theme	fiber	677:681	arg1	intake					576:581	dry matter intake	565:581	dry matter intake	565:581	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	17	theme	fiber	677:681	arg1	matter					592:597	organic matter	584:597	organic matter	584:597	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	17	theme	fiber	677:681	arg1	extract					606:612	ether extract	600:612	ether extract	600:612	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	17	theme	fiber	677:681	arg1	carbohydrate					624:635	total carbohydrate	618:635	total carbohydrate	618:635	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	8	18	theme	cassava	1116:1122	arg1	starch					1124:1129	cassava starch	1116:1129	cassava starch	1116:1129	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	3	19	theme	dry	391:393	arg1	matter					395:400	dry matter	391:400	dry matter	391:400	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	0	20	theme	starch	30:35	arg1	extraction					37:46	cassava starch extraction	22:46	cassava starch extraction	22:46	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	4	21	theme	detergent	667:675	arg1	fiber					677:681	acid detergent fiber	662:681	acid detergent fiber	662:681	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	8	22	theme	starch	1124:1129	arg1	extraction					1102:1111	the extraction	1098:1111	the extraction of cassava starch	1098:1129	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	3	23	theme	matter	395:400	arg1	parameters					456:465	blood parameters	450:465	blood parameters of glucose and urea	450:485	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	23	theme	matter	395:400	arg1	digestibility					374:386	digestibility	374:386	digestibility	374:386	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	23	theme	matter	395:400	arg1	synthesis					501:509	microbial synthesis	491:509	microbial synthesis of the diets	491:522	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	23	theme	matter	395:400	arg1	production					422:431	milk production	417:431	milk production	417:431	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	23	theme	matter	395:400	arg1	composition					437:447	composition	437:447	composition	437:447	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	23	theme	matter	395:400	arg1	intake					363:368	intake	363:368	intake	363:368	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	1	24	theme	utilization	133:143	arg1	level					124:128	the best level	115:128	the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	115:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	6	25	theme	reduced	802:808	arg1	production					815:824	reduced milk production	802:824	reduced milk production	802:824	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	7	26	theme	appropriate	1055:1065	arg1	levels					1067:1072	appropriate levels	1055:1072	appropriate levels	1055:1072	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	3	27	dep	intake	363:368	arg1	The					359:361	The	359:361	The	359:361	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	7	28	theme	urea	1014:1017	arg1	nitrogen					1019:1026	urea nitrogen	1014:1026	urea nitrogen	1014:1026	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	7	28	theme	urea	1014:1017	arg1	parameters					990:999	Metabolic parameters	980:999	Metabolic parameters	980:999	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	3	29	theme	diets	518:522	arg1	parameters					456:465	blood parameters	450:465	blood parameters of glucose and urea	450:485	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	29	theme	diets	518:522	arg1	digestibility					374:386	digestibility	374:386	digestibility	374:386	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	29	theme	diets	518:522	arg1	synthesis					501:509	microbial synthesis	491:509	microbial synthesis of the diets	491:522	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	29	theme	diets	518:522	arg1	production					422:431	milk production	417:431	milk production	417:431	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	29	theme	diets	518:522	arg1	composition					437:447	composition	437:447	composition	437:447	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	29	theme	diets	518:522	arg1	intake					363:368	intake	363:368	intake	363:368	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	2	30	theme	lactating	247:255	arg1	a					336:336	a	336:336	a	336:336	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	2	30	theme	lactating	247:255	arg1	cows					257:260	Four lactating cows	242:260	Four lactating cows	242:260	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	4	31	theme	ether	600:604	arg1	extract					606:612	ether extract	600:612	ether extract	600:612	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	1	32	theme	dried	148:152	arg1	waste					154:158	dried waste	148:158	dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	148:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	0	33	theme	waste	13:17	arg1	Use					0:2	Use	0:2	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.	0:74	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	6	34	theme	decreasing	909:918	arg1	effect					920:925	a decreasing effect	907:925	a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals	907:977	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	1	35	theme	waste	154:158	arg1	utilization					133:143	utilization	133:143	utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	133:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	0	36	theme	dried	7:11	arg1	waste					13:17	dried waste	7:17	dried waste of cassava starch extraction	7:46	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	1	37	theme	lactating	226:234	arg1	cows					236:239	lactating cows	226:239	lactating cows	226:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	7	38	from	nitrogen	1019:1026	arg1	plasma					1031:1036	plasma	1031:1036	plasma	1031:1036	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	3	39	theme	milk	417:420	arg1	production					422:431	milk production	417:431	milk production	417:431	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	6	40	theme	milk	896:899	arg1	production					862:871	production	862:871	production	862:871	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	6	40	theme	milk	896:899	arg1	constituents					880:891	the constituents	876:891	the constituents of milk	876:899	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	0	41	theme	cassava	22:28	arg1	extraction					37:46	cassava starch extraction	22:46	cassava starch extraction	22:46	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	5	42	theme	protein	757:763	arg1	synthesis					734:742	the synthesis	730:742	the synthesis of microbial protein	730:763	Nutrient digestibility was not affected while the synthesis of microbial protein increased.
25860971	6	43	theme	solids	959:964	arg1	production					936:945	daily production	930:945	daily production of lactose, solids and minerals	930:977	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	3	44	theme	blood	450:454	arg1	parameters					456:465	blood parameters	450:465	blood parameters of glucose and urea	450:485	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	8	45	theme	dried	1079:1083	arg1	residue					1085:1091	The dried residue	1075:1091	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch	1075:1129	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	8	45	theme	dried	1079:1083	arg1	feed					1146:1149	feed	1146:1149	feed for dairy cows	1146:1164	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	1	46	theme	cassava	163:169	arg1	WCSEd					190:194	WCSEd	190:194	WCSEd	190:194	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	1	46	theme	cassava	163:169	arg1	extraction					178:187	cassava starch extraction	163:187	cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	163:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	9	47	theme	product	1375:1381	arg1	profitability					1354:1366	the profitability	1350:1366	the profitability of the product	1350:1381	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	9	48	theme	dry	1259:1261	arg1	matter					1263:1268	dry matter	1259:1268	dry matter	1259:1268	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	4	49	theme	increased	642:650	arg1	intake					652:657	increased intake	642:657	increased intake of acid detergent fiber	642:681	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	5	50	theme	Nutrient	684:691	arg1	digestibility					693:705	Nutrient digestibility	684:705	Nutrient digestibility	684:705	Nutrient digestibility was not affected while the synthesis of microbial protein increased.
25860971	1	51	theme	starch	171:176	arg1	WCSEd					190:194	WCSEd	190:194	WCSEd	190:194	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	1	51	theme	starch	171:176	arg1	extraction					178:187	cassava starch extraction	163:187	cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	163:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	0	52	theme	extraction	37:46	arg1	waste					13:17	dried waste	7:17	dried waste of cassava starch extraction	7:46	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	6	53	theme	constituents	880:891	arg1	efficiency					848:857	the efficiency	844:857	the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk	844:899	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	2	54	with	diets	271:275	arg1	levels					293:298	increasing levels	282:298	increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd	282:331	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	4	55	theme	acid	662:665	arg1	fiber					677:681	acid detergent fiber	662:681	acid detergent fiber	662:681	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	5	56	theme	microbial	747:755	arg1	protein					757:763	microbial protein	747:763	microbial protein	747:763	Nutrient digestibility was not affected while the synthesis of microbial protein increased.
25860971	2	57	theme	WCSEd	327:331	arg1	levels					293:298	increasing levels	282:298	increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd	282:331	Four lactating cows were fed diets with increasing levels (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) of WCSEd as a substitute for corn.
25860971	3	58	theme	microbial	491:499	arg1	synthesis					501:509	microbial synthesis	491:509	microbial synthesis of the diets	491:522	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	8	59	theme	corn	1195:1198	arg1	ration					1200:1205	the corn ration	1191:1205	the corn ration	1191:1205	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	1	60	theme	study	92:96	arg1	aim					80:82	The aim	76:82	The aim of this study	76:96	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	8	61	dep	100	1183:1185	arg1	to					1180:1181	to	1180:1181	to	1180:1181	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	9	62	from	reduction	1236:1244	arg1	production					1314:1323	the production	1310:1323	the production of milk	1310:1331	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	9	62	from	reduction	1236:1244	arg1	intake					1249:1254	intake	1249:1254	intake of dry matter and nutrients	1249:1282	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	4	63	theme	matter	569:574	arg1	intake					576:581	dry matter intake	565:581	dry matter intake	565:581	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	9	64	from	impacts	1339:1345	arg1	profitability					1354:1366	the profitability	1350:1366	the profitability of the product	1350:1381	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	1	65	theme	extraction	178:187	arg1	waste					154:158	dried waste	148:158	dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows	148:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	7	66	theme	Metabolic	980:988	arg1	glucose					1002:1008	glucose	1002:1008	glucose	1002:1008	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	7	66	theme	Metabolic	980:988	arg1	nitrogen					1019:1026	urea nitrogen	1014:1026	urea nitrogen	1014:1026	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	7	66	theme	Metabolic	980:988	arg1	parameters					990:999	Metabolic parameters	980:999	Metabolic parameters	980:999	Metabolic parameters, glucose and urea nitrogen in plasma, remained within appropriate levels.
25860971	3	67	theme	urea	482:485	arg1	parameters					456:465	blood parameters	450:465	blood parameters of glucose and urea	450:485	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	67	theme	urea	482:485	arg1	digestibility					374:386	digestibility	374:386	digestibility	374:386	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	67	theme	urea	482:485	arg1	synthesis					501:509	microbial synthesis	491:509	microbial synthesis of the diets	491:522	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	67	theme	urea	482:485	arg1	production					422:431	milk production	417:431	milk production	417:431	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	67	theme	urea	482:485	arg1	composition					437:447	composition	437:447	composition	437:447	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	67	theme	urea	482:485	arg1	intake					363:368	intake	363:368	intake	363:368	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	4	68	theme	dry	565:567	arg1	intake					576:581	dry matter intake	565:581	dry matter intake	565:581	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	8	69	theme	dairy	1155:1159	arg1	cows					1161:1164	dairy cows	1155:1164	dairy cows	1155:1164	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	9	70	theme	nutrients	1274:1282	arg1	intake					1249:1254	intake	1249:1254	intake of dry matter and nutrients	1249:1282	However, its use promotes a reduction in intake of dry matter and nutrients as well as a reduction in the production of milk, with impacts on the profitability of the product.
25860971	0	71	theme	feeding	52:58	arg1	cows					70:73	feeding lactating cows	52:73	feeding lactating cows	52:73	Use of dried waste of cassava starch extraction for feeding lactating cows.
25860971	1	72	dep	a	200:200	arg1	substitute					202:211	substitute	202:211	substitute for corn for lactating cows	202:239	The aim of this study was to determine the best level of utilization of dried waste of cassava starch extraction (WCSEd) as a substitute for corn for lactating cows.
25860971	8	73	used	used	1138:1141	arg2	feed					1146:1149	feed	1146:1149	feed for dairy cows	1146:1164	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	8	73	used	used	1138:1141	arg2	residue					1085:1091	The dried residue	1075:1091	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch	1075:1129	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	8	74	from	extraction	1102:1111	arg1	residue					1085:1091	The dried residue	1075:1091	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch	1075:1129	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	8	74	from	extraction	1102:1111	arg1	feed					1146:1149	feed	1146:1149	feed for dairy cows	1146:1164	The dried residue from the extraction of cassava starch can be used as feed for dairy cows to replace up to 100% of the corn ration.
25860971	4	75	from	reduction	552:560	arg1	intake					652:657	increased intake	642:657	increased intake of acid detergent fiber	642:681	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	75	from	reduction	552:560	arg1	intake					576:581	dry matter intake	565:581	dry matter intake	565:581	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	75	from	reduction	552:560	arg1	matter					592:597	organic matter	584:597	organic matter	584:597	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	4	75	from	reduction	552:560	arg1	extract					606:612	ether extract	600:612	ether extract	600:612	There was a reduction in dry matter intake, organic matter, ether extract and total carbohydrate, and increased intake of acid detergent fiber.
25860971	6	76	theme	production	862:871	arg1	efficiency					848:857	the efficiency	844:857	the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk	844:899	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	6	77	theme	minerals	970:977	arg1	production					936:945	daily production	930:945	daily production of lactose, solids and minerals	930:977	These changes resulted in reduced milk production, without altering the efficiency of production or the constituents of milk, with a decreasing effect on daily production of lactose, solids and minerals.
25860971	3	78	theme	glucose	470:476	arg1	parameters					456:465	blood parameters	450:465	blood parameters of glucose and urea	450:485	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	78	theme	glucose	470:476	arg1	digestibility					374:386	digestibility	374:386	digestibility	374:386	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	78	theme	glucose	470:476	arg1	synthesis					501:509	microbial synthesis	491:509	microbial synthesis of the diets	491:522	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	78	theme	glucose	470:476	arg1	production					422:431	milk production	417:431	milk production	417:431	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	78	theme	glucose	470:476	arg1	composition					437:447	composition	437:447	composition	437:447	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
25860971	3	78	theme	glucose	470:476	arg1	intake					363:368	intake	363:368	intake	363:368	The intake and digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, milk production and composition, blood parameters of glucose and urea and microbial synthesis of the diets were evaluated.
27633533	0	0	theme	homogenised	67:77	arg1	sausages					79:86	homogenised sausages	67:86	homogenised sausages	67:86	The effect of hyaluronic acid addition on the properties of smoked homogenised sausages.
27633533	1	1	theme	hyaluronic	147:156	arg1	food					173:176	a food	171:176	a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties	171:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	1	1	theme	hyaluronic	147:156	arg1	HA					164:165	HA	164:165	HA	164:165	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	1	1	theme	hyaluronic	147:156	arg1	acid					158:161	hyaluronic acid	147:161	hyaluronic acid (HA)	147:166	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	0	2	from	effect	4:9	arg1	properties					46:55	the properties	42:55	the properties of	42:58	The effect of hyaluronic acid addition on the properties of smoked homogenised sausages.
27633533	2	3	dep	kg-1	391:394	arg1	g					389:389	g	389:389	g	389:389	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	1	4	theme	novel	218:222	arg1	food					235:238	a novel functional food	216:238	a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties	216:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	4	5	theme	HA	675:676	arg1	addition					643:650	the addition	639:650	the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA	639:676	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	1	6	theme	functional	224:233	arg1	food					235:238	a novel functional food	216:238	a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties	216:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	6	7	theme	functional	1022:1031	arg1	food					1033:1036	a perfect functional food	1012:1036	a perfect functional food additive for meat industry	1012:1063	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	3	8	theme	weight	455:460	arg1	losses					462:467	weight losses	455:467	weight losses	455:467	Rheology, texture, weight losses, proximate composition and microbiological analyses were performed together with the sensory evaluation of produced sausages.
27633533	2	9	theme	g	322:322	arg1	addition					335:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	6	10	theme	additive	1038:1045	arg1	food					1033:1036	a perfect functional food	1012:1036	a perfect functional food additive for meat industry	1012:1063	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	5	11	from	product	950:956	arg1	market					965:970	the market	961:970	the market	961:970	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	4	12	theme	water	738:742	arg1	outflow					744:750	water outflow	738:750	water outflow	738:750	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	5	13	theme	0.01	866:869	arg1	g					871:871	g	871:871	g	871:871	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	5	14	with	sausage	832:838	arg1	kg-1					873:876	0.01 g kg-1	866:876	0.01 g kg-1	866:876	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	5	14	with	sausage	832:838	arg1	kg-1					851:854	500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition	845:888	kg-1	851:854	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	2	15	dep	g	389:389	arg1	0.1					385:387	0.1	385:387	0.1	385:387	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	2	15	dep	g	389:389	arg1	0.05					376:379	0.05	376:379	0.05	376:379	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	3	16	theme	proximate	470:478	arg1	composition					480:490	proximate composition	470:490	proximate composition	470:490	Rheology, texture, weight losses, proximate composition and microbiological analyses were performed together with the sensory evaluation of produced sausages.
27633533	6	17	theme	perfect	1014:1020	arg1	food					1033:1036	a perfect functional food	1012:1036	a perfect functional food additive for meat industry	1012:1063	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	7	18	theme	Chemical	1163:1170	arg1	Industry					1172:1179	Chemical Industry	1163:1179	Chemical Industry	1163:1179	© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
27633533	3	19	theme	produced	576:583	arg1	sausages					585:592	produced sausages	576:592	produced sausages	576:592	Rheology, texture, weight losses, proximate composition and microbiological analyses were performed together with the sensory evaluation of produced sausages.
27633533	0	20	theme	hyaluronic	14:23	arg1	addition					30:37	hyaluronic acid addition	14:37	hyaluronic acid addition	14:37	The effect of hyaluronic acid addition on the properties of smoked homogenised sausages.
27633533	4	21	theme	sausages	818:825	arg1	scores					795:800	the sensory scores	783:800	the sensory scores of the produced sausages	783:825	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	4	22	theme	g	668:668	arg1	HA					675:676	0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA	655:676	0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA	655:676	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	6	23	theme	meat	1051:1054	arg1	industry					1056:1063	meat industry	1051:1063	meat industry	1051:1063	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	4	24	theme	produced	809:816	arg1	sausages					818:825	the produced sausages	805:825	the produced sausages	805:825	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	6	25	contain	has	987:989	arg2	potential					993:1001	a potential	991:1001	a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry	991:1063	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	6	25	contain	has	987:989	arg1	HA					984:985	CONCLUSION HA	973:985	CONCLUSION HA	973:985	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	5	26	theme	g	849:849	arg1	kg-1					851:854	500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition	845:888	kg-1	851:854	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	1	27	dep	BACKGROUND	89:98	arg1	studied					114:120	studied	114:120	studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties	114:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	0	28	theme	addition	30:37	arg1	effect					4:9	The effect	0:9	The effect of hyaluronic acid addition on the properties of	0:58	The effect of hyaluronic acid addition on the properties of smoked homogenised sausages.
27633533	2	29	with	Sausages	296:303	arg1	addition					335:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	4	30	theme	emulsion	718:725	arg1	stability					700:708	the stability	696:708	the stability of meat emulsion	696:725	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	4	30	theme	emulsion	718:725	arg1	yield					686:690	yield	686:690	yield	686:690	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	1	31	theme	additive	178:185	arg1	food					173:176	a food	171:176	a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties	171:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	1	31	theme	additive	178:185	arg1	acid					158:161	hyaluronic acid	147:161	hyaluronic acid (HA)	147:166	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	2	32	theme	HA	399:400	arg1	kg-1					391:394	0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1	367:394	0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA	367:400	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	1	33	theme	water	270:274	arg1	properties					284:293	improved rheological and water binding properties	245:293	properties	284:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	0	34	theme	acid	25:28	arg1	addition					30:37	hyaluronic acid addition	14:37	hyaluronic acid addition	14:37	The effect of hyaluronic acid addition on the properties of smoked homogenised sausages.
27633533	2	35	from	days	420:423	arg1	vacuum					428:433	vacuum	428:433	vacuum	428:433	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	4	36	theme	meat	713:716	arg1	emulsion					718:725	meat emulsion	713:725	meat emulsion	713:725	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	1	37	theme	binding	276:282	arg1	properties					284:293	improved rheological and water binding properties	245:293	properties	284:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	4	38	theme	kg-1	670:673	arg1	HA					675:676	0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA	655:676	0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA	655:676	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	1	39	with	food	235:238	arg1	rheological					254:264	rheological	254:264	rheological	254:264	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	1	39	with	food	235:238	arg1	properties					284:293	improved rheological and water binding properties	245:293	properties	284:293	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	4	40	theme	sensory	787:793	arg1	scores					795:800	the sensory scores	783:800	the sensory scores of the produced sausages	783:825	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	5	41	theme	viable	916:921	arg1	sausage					832:838	The sausage	828:838	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition	828:888	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	5	41	theme	viable	916:921	arg1	option					923:928	the only economically viable option	894:928	the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market	894:970	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	3	42	theme	microbiological	496:510	arg1	analyses					512:519	microbiological analyses	496:519	microbiological analyses	496:519	Rheology, texture, weight losses, proximate composition and microbiological analyses were performed together with the sensory evaluation of produced sausages.
27633533	3	43	theme	sensory	554:560	arg1	evaluation					562:571	the sensory evaluation	550:571	the sensory evaluation of produced sausages	550:592	Rheology, texture, weight losses, proximate composition and microbiological analyses were performed together with the sensory evaluation of produced sausages.
27633533	6	44	theme	further	1075:1081	arg1	research					1083:1090	further research	1075:1090	further research regarding processing conditions	1075:1122	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	5	45	theme	g	871:871	arg1	kg-1					873:876	0.01 g kg-1	866:876	0.01 g kg-1	866:876	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	6	46	theme	processing	1102:1111	arg1	conditions					1113:1122	processing conditions	1102:1122	processing conditions	1102:1122	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	5	47	dep	kg-1	851:854	arg1	water					856:860	water	856:860	water	856:860	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	5	47	dep	kg-1	851:854	arg1	addition					881:888	HA addition	878:888	HA addition	878:888	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	1	48	theme	meat	191:194	arg1	emulsions					196:204	meat emulsions	191:204	meat emulsions	191:204	BACKGROUND This research studied the possibility of using hyaluronic acid (HA) as a food additive for meat emulsions to create a novel functional food with improved rheological and water binding properties.
27633533	3	49	theme	sausages	585:592	arg1	evaluation					562:571	the sensory evaluation	550:571	the sensory evaluation of produced sausages	550:592	Rheology, texture, weight losses, proximate composition and microbiological analyses were performed together with the sensory evaluation of produced sausages.
27633533	4	50	dep	RESULTS	595:601	arg1	show					629:632	show	629:632	show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages	629:825	RESULTS Surprisingly, the results show that the addition of 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 HA reduced yield and the stability of meat emulsion by causing water outflow from the product and decreased the sensory scores of the produced sausages.
27633533	6	51	theme	CONCLUSION	973:982	arg1	HA					984:985	CONCLUSION HA	973:985	CONCLUSION HA	973:985	CONCLUSION HA has a potential of being a perfect functional food additive for meat industry, although further research regarding processing conditions should be performed.
27633533	5	52	theme	HA	878:879	arg1	addition					881:888	HA addition	878:888	HA addition	878:888	The sausage with 500 g kg-1 water and 0.01 g kg-1 HA addition was the only economically viable option for introducing the product on the market.
27633533	2	53	theme	water	329:333	arg1	addition					335:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
27633533	2	54	theme	kg-1	324:327	arg1	addition					335:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition	310:342	Sausages with 200 and 500 g kg-1 water addition were supplemented with 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 g kg-1 of HA and stored for 14 days in vacuum.
26751495	0	0	theme	melanogaster	84:95	arg1	GlcAT-P					50:56	GlcAT-P	50:56	GlcAT-P	50:56	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	0	0	theme	melanogaster	84:95	arg1	Glucuronyltransferases					27:48	the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S	23:68	the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster	23:95	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	0	0	theme	melanogaster	84:95	arg1	GlcAT-S					62:68	GlcAT-S	62:68	GlcAT-S	62:68	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	2	1	gly	O-glycoproteins	462:476	arg1	O-glycoproteins					462:476	N-and O-glycoproteins	456:476	N-and O-glycoproteins	456:476	We analyzed both transferases in vivo and in vitro and could show significant differences in their activity towards N-and O-glycoproteins in vivo.
26751495	1	2	theme	activity	290:297	arg1	assays					299:304	in vitro activity assays	281:304	in vitro activity assays	281:304	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	3	3	theme	O-linked	560:567	arg1	substrate					584:592	a substrate	582:592	a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo	582:680	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	3	theme	O-linked	560:567	arg1	chains					545:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	3	theme	O-linked	560:567	arg1	T-antigen					569:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	1	4	theme	assays	299:304	arg1	results					270:276	results	270:276	results of in vitro activity assays	270:304	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	0	5	theme	Distinct	98:105	arg1	Activities					107:116	Distinct Activities	98:116	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.	0:148	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	3	6	theme	non-sulfated	767:778	arg1	HNK1-antigen					780:791	only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen	758:791	only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen	758:791	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	1	7	dep	glucuronyltransferases	178:199	arg1	glucuronyltransferases					178:199	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P	150:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P	150:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	7	dep	glucuronyltransferases	178:199	arg1	dGlcAT-P					214:221	dGlcAT-P	214:221	dGlcAT-P	214:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	7	dep	glucuronyltransferases	178:199	arg1	dGlcAT-S					201:208	dGlcAT-S	201:208	dGlcAT-S	201:208	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	0	8	link	O-linked	130:137	arg1	T-antigen					139:147	the O-linked T-antigen	126:147	the O-linked T-antigen	126:147	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	0	9	theme	Functional	0:9	arg1	Analysis					11:18	Functional Analysis	0:18	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.	0:148	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	2	10	theme	significant	406:416	arg1	differences					418:428	significant differences	406:428	significant differences in their activity towards N-and O-glycoproteins	406:476	We analyzed both transferases in vivo and in vitro and could show significant differences in their activity towards N-and O-glycoproteins in vivo.
26751495	1	11	theme	functional	317:326	arg1	redundancy					328:337	a functional redundancy	315:337	a functional redundancy	315:337	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	0	12	theme	O-linked	130:137	arg1	T-antigen					139:147	the O-linked T-antigen	126:147	the O-linked T-antigen	126:147	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	3	13	theme	non-sulfated	602:613	arg1	GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-					622:645	GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-	622:645	GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-	622:645	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	13	theme	non-sulfated	602:613	arg1	HNK1-					615:619	non-sulfated HNK1-	602:619	non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-)	602:646	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	2	14	theme	N-and	456:460	arg1	O-glycoproteins					462:476	N-and O-glycoproteins	456:476	N-and O-glycoproteins	456:476	We analyzed both transferases in vivo and in vitro and could show significant differences in their activity towards N-and O-glycoproteins in vivo.
26751495	3	15	link	O-linked	560:567	arg1	substrate					584:592	a substrate	582:592	a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo	582:680	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	15	link	O-linked	560:567	arg1	chains					545:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	15	link	O-linked	560:567	arg1	T-antigen					569:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	1	16	dep	in	281:282	arg1	vitro					284:288	vitro	284:288	vitro	284:288	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	0	17	theme	Glucuronyltransferases	27:48	arg1	Analysis					11:18	Functional Analysis	0:18	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.	0:148	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	2	18	from	differences	418:428	arg1	activity					439:446	their activity	433:446	their activity towards N-and O-glycoproteins	433:476	We analyzed both transferases in vivo and in vitro and could show significant differences in their activity towards N-and O-glycoproteins in vivo.
26751495	3	19	theme	glucuronic	696:705	arg1	acid					707:710	glucuronic acid	696:710	glucuronic acid	696:710	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	20	theme	N-acetyllactosamine	525:543	arg1	substrate					584:592	a substrate	582:592	a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo	582:680	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	20	theme	N-acetyllactosamine	525:543	arg1	chains					545:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	20	theme	N-acetyllactosamine	525:543	arg1	T-antigen					569:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	21	link	N-linked	516:523	arg1	substrate					584:592	a substrate	582:592	a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo	582:680	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	21	link	N-linked	516:523	arg1	chains					545:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	21	link	N-linked	516:523	arg1	T-antigen					569:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	0	22	dep	Glucuronyltransferases	27:48	arg1	GlcAT-P					50:56	GlcAT-P	50:56	GlcAT-P	50:56	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	0	22	dep	Glucuronyltransferases	27:48	arg1	Glucuronyltransferases					27:48	the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S	23:68	the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster	23:95	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	0	22	dep	Glucuronyltransferases	27:48	arg1	GlcAT-S					62:68	GlcAT-S	62:68	GlcAT-S	62:68	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	3	23	link	N-linked	720:727	arg1	chains					729:734	N-linked chains	720:734	N-linked chains	720:734	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	24	theme	N-linked	516:523	arg1	substrate					584:592	a substrate	582:592	a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo	582:680	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	24	theme	N-linked	516:523	arg1	chains					545:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains	516:550	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	24	theme	N-linked	516:523	arg1	T-antigen					569:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	the O-linked T-antigen	556:577	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	3	25	theme	N-linked	720:727	arg1	chains					729:734	N-linked chains	720:734	N-linked chains	720:734	While GlcAT-P is able to use N-linked N-acetyllactosamine chains and the O-linked T-antigen as a substrate to form non-sulfated HNK1- (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-) and glucuronyl-T-antigens in vivo, GlcAT-S adds glucuronic acid only to N-linked chains, thereby synthesizing only the non-sulfated HNK1-antigen.
26751495	0	26	dep	Analysis	11:18	arg1	Activities					107:116	Distinct Activities	98:116	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.	0:148	Functional Analysis of the Glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S of Drosophila melanogaster: Distinct Activities towards the O-linked T-antigen.
26751495	1	27	theme	Drosophila	154:163	arg1	glucuronyltransferases					178:199	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P	150:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P	150:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	27	theme	Drosophila	154:163	arg1	dGlcAT-P					214:221	dGlcAT-P	214:221	dGlcAT-P	214:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	27	theme	Drosophila	154:163	arg1	dGlcAT-S					201:208	dGlcAT-S	201:208	dGlcAT-S	201:208	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	28	theme	melanogaster	165:176	arg1	glucuronyltransferases					178:199	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P	150:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P	150:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	28	theme	melanogaster	165:176	arg1	dGlcAT-P					214:221	dGlcAT-P	214:221	dGlcAT-P	214:221	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	28	theme	melanogaster	165:176	arg1	dGlcAT-S					201:208	dGlcAT-S	201:208	dGlcAT-S	201:208	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
26751495	1	29	theme	in	281:282	arg1	assays					299:304	in vitro activity assays	281:304	in vitro activity assays	281:304	The Drosophila melanogaster glucuronyltransferases dGlcAT-S and dGlcAT-P were reported to be expressed ubiquitously and results of in vitro activity assays indicate a functional redundancy.
24826938	11	0	from	use	1819:1821	arg1	engineering					1845:1855	tissue engineering	1838:1855	tissue engineering	1838:1855	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	6	1	theme	RGD-peptide	1095:1105	arg1	alginates					1130:1138	RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates	1095:1138	RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy	1095:1182	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	2	2	used	used	299:302	arg2	alginates					276:284	alginates	276:284	alginates	276:284	Biomaterials such as alginates are commonly used for immunoisolation, while they may also provide structural support to the cell transplants by mimicking the extracellular matrix.
24826938	2	2	used	used	299:302	arg2	Biomaterials					255:266	Biomaterials	255:266	Biomaterials such as alginates	255:284	Biomaterials such as alginates are commonly used for immunoisolation, while they may also provide structural support to the cell transplants by mimicking the extracellular matrix.
24826938	11	3	theme	gel	1779:1781	arg1	properties					1791:1800	the gel forming properties	1775:1800	the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering	1775:1855	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	10	4	from	changes	1596:1602	arg1	viability					1612:1620	cell viability	1607:1620	cell viability in 3D cultures	1607:1635	The RGD modifications did not result in marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures.
24826938	4	5	theme	G.	731:732	arg1	content					720:726	high and low content	707:726	high and low content of G.	707:732	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	11	6	theme	forming	1783:1789	arg1	properties					1791:1800	the gel forming properties	1775:1800	the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering	1775:1855	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	8	7	theme	short-term	1431:1440	arg1	culture					1445:1451	short-term 3D culture	1431:1451	short-term 3D culture	1431:1451	OEC encapsulation resulted in cell survival for up to 9 days, thus demonstrating the potential for short-term 3D culture.
24826938	4	8	dep	Using	734:738	arg1	substituted					796:806	substituted	796:806	were substituted by peptide	791:817	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	4	9	theme	sugar	779:783	arg1	units					785:789	the sugar units	775:789	the sugar units	775:789	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	7	10	theme	2D	1290:1291	arg1	cultures					1293:1300	2D cultures	1290:1300	2D cultures	1290:1300	Both OECs and myoblasts adhered to the RGD-peptide modified alginates in 2D cultures, forming bipolar protrusions.
24826938	10	11	from	viability	1612:1620	arg1	cultures					1628:1635	3D cultures	1625:1635	3D cultures	1625:1635	The RGD modifications did not result in marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures.
24826938	7	12	from	alginates	1277:1285	arg1	cultures					1293:1300	2D cultures	1290:1300	2D cultures	1290:1300	Both OECs and myoblasts adhered to the RGD-peptide modified alginates in 2D cultures, forming bipolar protrusions.
24826938	6	13	theme	native	1200:1205	arg1	alginate					1207:1214	native alginate	1200:1214	native alginate	1200:1214	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	11	14	with	alginates	1713:1721	arg1	composition					1751:1761	a precise and flexible composition	1728:1761	a precise and flexible composition	1728:1761	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	6	15	theme	unmodified	1119:1128	arg1	alginates					1130:1138	RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates	1095:1138	RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy	1095:1182	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	1	16	theme	challenges	112:121	arg1	challenges					112:121	the main challenges	103:121	the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	103:169	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	1	16	theme	challenges	112:121	arg1	ability					178:184	the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation	174:252	the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation	174:252	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	1	16	theme	challenges	112:121	arg1	One					96:98	One	96:98	One	96:98	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	5	17	theme	H-nuclear	860:868	arg1	NMR					890:892	NMR	890:892	NMR	890:892	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	5	17	theme	H-nuclear	860:868	arg1	resonance					879:887	(1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance	857:887	(1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)	857:893	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	3	18	theme	unique	561:566	arg1	strategy					583:590	a unique chemoenzymatic strategy	559:590	a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate	559:654	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	9	19	theme	long-term	1471:1479	arg1	survival					1481:1488	long-term survival	1471:1488	long-term survival	1471:1488	Myoblasts showed long-term survival in 3D cultures, that is, up to 41 days post encapsulation.
24826938	2	20	theme	extracellular	413:425	arg1	matrix					427:432	the extracellular matrix	409:432	the extracellular matrix	409:432	Biomaterials such as alginates are commonly used for immunoisolation, while they may also provide structural support to the cell transplants by mimicking the extracellular matrix.
24826938	5	21	theme	coupling	925:932	arg1	reaction					934:941	the coupling reaction	921:941	the coupling reaction	921:941	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	10	22	theme	3D	1625:1626	arg1	cultures					1628:1635	3D cultures	1625:1635	3D cultures	1625:1635	The RGD modifications did not result in marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures.
24826938	3	23	theme	chemoenzymatic	568:581	arg1	strategy					583:590	a unique chemoenzymatic strategy	559:590	a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate	559:654	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	6	24	theme	3D	1080:1081	arg1	cultures					1083:1090	two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures	1055:1090	two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy	1055:1182	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	8	25	theme	OEC	1332:1334	arg1	encapsulation					1336:1348	OEC encapsulation	1332:1348	OEC encapsulation	1332:1348	OEC encapsulation resulted in cell survival for up to 9 days, thus demonstrating the potential for short-term 3D culture.
24826938	11	26	theme	relevant	1802:1809	arg1	properties					1791:1800	the gel forming properties	1775:1800	the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering	1775:1855	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	7	27	theme	bipolar	1311:1317	arg1	protrusions					1319:1329	bipolar protrusions	1311:1329	bipolar protrusions	1311:1329	Both OECs and myoblasts adhered to the RGD-peptide modified alginates in 2D cultures, forming bipolar protrusions.
24826938	10	28	theme	RGD	1553:1555	arg1	modifications					1557:1569	The RGD modifications	1549:1569	The RGD modifications	1549:1569	The RGD modifications did not result in marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures.
24826938	9	29	dep	days	1524:1527	arg1	up					1515:1516	up	1515:1516	up	1515:1516	Myoblasts showed long-term survival in 3D cultures, that is, up to 41 days post encapsulation.
24826938	4	30	theme	low	716:718	arg1	content					720:726	high and low content	707:726	high and low content of G.	707:732	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	6	31	theme	ensheathing	1002:1012	arg1	OECs					1021:1024	OECs	1021:1024	OECs	1021:1024	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	6	31	theme	ensheathing	1002:1012	arg1	cells					1014:1018	Olfactory ensheathing cells	992:1018	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs)	992:1025	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	1	32	from	challenges	112:121	arg1	engineering					133:143	tissue engineering	126:143	tissue engineering	126:143	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	1	32	from	challenges	112:121	arg1	medicine					162:169	regenerative medicine	149:169	regenerative medicine	149:169	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	3	33	theme	mannuronic	624:633	arg1	acid					635:638	the nongelling mannuronic acid	609:638	the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate	609:654	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	3	34	from	acid	635:638	arg1	alginate					647:654	the alginate	643:654	the alginate	643:654	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	8	35	dep	9	1386:1386	arg1	to					1383:1384	to	1383:1384	to	1383:1384	OEC encapsulation resulted in cell survival for up to 9 days, thus demonstrating the potential for short-term 3D culture.
24826938	10	36	theme	marked	1589:1594	arg1	changes					1596:1602	marked changes	1589:1602	marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures	1589:1635	The RGD modifications did not result in marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures.
24826938	5	37	from	reaction	934:941	arg1	by-products					904:914	by-products	904:914	by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration	904:989	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	11	38	theme	unique	1662:1667	arg1	technique					1669:1677	a unique technique	1660:1677	a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition	1660:1761	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	4	39	theme	units	785:789	arg1	units					785:789	the sugar units	775:789	the sugar units	775:789	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	4	39	theme	units	785:789	arg1	%					770:770	0.1-0.2%	763:770	0.1-0.2% of the sugar units	763:789	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	3	40	theme	-peptide-coupled	482:497	arg1	alginates					499:507	arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates	450:507	arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition	450:531	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	9	41	from	survival	1481:1488	arg1	cultures					1496:1503	3D cultures	1493:1503	3D cultures	1493:1503	Myoblasts showed long-term survival in 3D cultures, that is, up to 41 days post encapsulation.
24826938	11	42	theme	peptide	1693:1699	arg1	alginates					1713:1721	peptide substituted alginates	1693:1721	peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition	1693:1761	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	1	43	theme	main	107:110	arg1	challenges					112:121	the main challenges	103:121	the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	103:169	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	1	44	theme	cell	206:209	arg1	function					211:218	optimal cell function	198:218	optimal cell function	198:218	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	0	45	theme	chemoenzymatic	35:48	arg1	strategy					50:57	a chemoenzymatic strategy	33:57	a chemoenzymatic strategy for tissue engineering applications	33:93	RGD-peptide modified alginate by a chemoenzymatic strategy for tissue engineering applications.
24826938	4	46	theme	carbodiimide	740:751	arg1	chemistry					753:761	carbodiimide chemistry	740:761	carbodiimide chemistry	740:761	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	6	47	theme	two-dimensional	1055:1069	arg1	cultures					1083:1090	two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures	1055:1090	two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy	1055:1182	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	11	48	theme	substituted	1701:1711	arg1	alginates					1713:1721	peptide substituted alginates	1693:1721	peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition	1693:1761	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	5	49	theme	magnetic	870:877	arg1	NMR					890:892	NMR	890:892	NMR	890:892	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	5	49	theme	magnetic	870:877	arg1	resonance					879:887	(1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance	857:887	(1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)	857:893	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	4	50	theme	high	707:710	arg1	content					720:726	high and low content	707:726	high and low content of G.	707:732	Alginates with and without RGD were produced with high and low content of G. Using carbodiimide chemistry 0.1-0.2% of the sugar units were substituted by peptide.
24826938	11	51	theme	alginate	1826:1833	arg1	use					1819:1821	the use	1815:1821	the use of alginate in tissue engineering	1815:1855	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	6	52	theme	Olfactory	992:1000	arg1	OECs					1021:1024	OECs	1021:1024	OECs	1021:1024	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	6	52	theme	Olfactory	992:1000	arg1	cells					1014:1018	Olfactory ensheathing cells	992:1018	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs)	992:1025	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	3	53	theme	composition	521:531	arg1	alginates					499:507	arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates	450:507	arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition	450:531	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	10	54	theme	cell	1607:1610	arg1	viability					1612:1620	cell viability	1607:1620	cell viability in 3D cultures	1607:1635	The RGD modifications did not result in marked changes in cell viability in 3D cultures.
24826938	1	55	theme	regenerative	149:160	arg1	medicine					162:169	regenerative medicine	149:169	regenerative medicine	149:169	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	9	56	theme	3D	1493:1494	arg1	cultures					1496:1503	3D cultures	1493:1503	3D cultures	1493:1503	Myoblasts showed long-term survival in 3D cultures, that is, up to 41 days post encapsulation.
24826938	2	57	theme	structural	353:362	arg1	support					364:370	structural support	353:370	structural support	353:370	Biomaterials such as alginates are commonly used for immunoisolation, while they may also provide structural support to the cell transplants by mimicking the extracellular matrix.
24826938	7	58	dep	OECs	1222:1225	arg1	adhered					1241:1247	adhered	1241:1247	adhered	1241:1247	Both OECs and myoblasts adhered to the RGD-peptide modified alginates in 2D cultures, forming bipolar protrusions.
24826938	11	59	theme	precise	1730:1736	arg1	composition					1751:1761	a precise and flexible composition	1728:1761	a precise and flexible composition	1728:1761	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	8	60	theme	3D	1442:1443	arg1	culture					1445:1451	short-term 3D culture	1431:1451	short-term 3D culture	1431:1451	OEC encapsulation resulted in cell survival for up to 9 days, thus demonstrating the potential for short-term 3D culture.
24826938	1	61	theme	tissue	126:131	arg1	engineering					133:143	tissue engineering	126:143	tissue engineering	126:143	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	1	62	theme	survival	224:231	arg1	post-transplantation					233:252	survival post-transplantation	224:252	survival post-transplantation	224:252	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	6	63	dep	two-dimensional	1055:1069	arg1	2D					1072:1073	2D	1072:1073	2D	1072:1073	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	3	64	theme	tailored	512:519	arg1	composition					521:531	tailored composition	512:531	tailored composition	512:531	In this study, arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD)-peptide-coupled alginates of tailored composition were produced by adopting a unique chemoenzymatic strategy for substituting the nongelling mannuronic acid on the alginate.
24826938	8	65	theme	cell	1362:1365	arg1	survival					1367:1374	cell survival	1362:1374	cell survival for up to 9 days	1362:1391	OEC encapsulation resulted in cell survival for up to 9 days, thus demonstrating the potential for short-term 3D culture.
24826938	6	66	theme	alginates	1130:1138	arg1	cultures					1083:1090	two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures	1055:1090	two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy	1055:1182	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	0	67	theme	engineering	70:80	arg1	applications					82:93	tissue engineering applications	63:93	tissue engineering applications	63:93	RGD-peptide modified alginate by a chemoenzymatic strategy for tissue engineering applications.
24826938	6	68	theme	modified	1107:1114	arg1	alginates					1130:1138	RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates	1095:1138	RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy	1095:1182	Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and myoblasts were grown in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures of RGD-peptide modified or unmodified alginates obtained by the chemoenzymatically strategy and compared to native alginate.
24826938	1	69	theme	optimal	198:204	arg1	function					211:218	optimal cell function	198:218	optimal cell function	198:218	One of the main challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the ability to maintain optimal cell function and survival post-transplantation.
24826938	5	70	theme	coal	975:978	arg1	filtration					980:989	coal filtration	975:989	coal filtration	975:989	Furthermore, the characterization by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed by-products from the coupling reaction that partly could be removed by coal filtration.
24826938	0	71	theme	tissue	63:68	arg1	applications					82:93	tissue engineering applications	63:93	tissue engineering applications	63:93	RGD-peptide modified alginate by a chemoenzymatic strategy for tissue engineering applications.
24826938	2	72	theme	cell	379:382	arg1	transplants					384:394	the cell transplants	375:394	the cell transplants	375:394	Biomaterials such as alginates are commonly used for immunoisolation, while they may also provide structural support to the cell transplants by mimicking the extracellular matrix.
24826938	11	73	theme	tissue	1838:1843	arg1	engineering					1845:1855	tissue engineering	1838:1855	tissue engineering	1838:1855	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
24826938	11	74	theme	flexible	1742:1749	arg1	composition					1751:1761	a precise and flexible composition	1728:1761	a precise and flexible composition	1728:1761	We demonstrate herein a unique technique for tailoring peptide substituted alginates with a precise and flexible composition, conserving the gel forming properties relevant for the use of alginate in tissue engineering.
27113019	2	0	theme	%	518:518	arg1	pulp					525:528	5.0% beet pulp	515:528	5.0% beet pulp	515:528	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	6	1	theme	storage	1093:1099	arg1	30 days					1082:1088	30 days	1082:1088	30 days of storage	1082:1099	These changes of dietary characteristics were large during 30 days of storage, but small after 90 days of storage.
27113019	1	2	theme	in	239:240	arg1	characteristics					261:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	2	3	dep	%	479:479	arg1	silage					485:490	rye silage	481:490	15.2% rye silage	475:490	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	4	4	theme	starch	848:853	arg1	content					855:861	starch content	848:861	starch content	848:861	In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage.
27113019	1	5	theme	disappearance	247:259	arg1	characteristics					261:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	7	6	theme	effective	1217:1225	arg1	degradability					1235:1247	effective ruminal degradability	1217:1247	effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR	1217:1266	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	7	7	theme	ensiled	1256:1262	arg1	TMR					1264:1266	the ensiled TMR	1252:1266	the ensiled TMR	1252:1266	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	2	8	theme	pulp	525:528	arg1	meal					547:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	9	theme	%	497:497	arg1	meal					547:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	6	10	theme	characteristics	1048:1062	arg1	changes					1029:1035	These changes	1023:1035	These changes of dietary characteristics	1023:1062	These changes of dietary characteristics were large during 30 days of storage, but small after 90 days of storage.
27113019	2	11	contain	containing	419:428	arg2	BR					458:459	BR	458:459	BR	458:459	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	11	contain	containing	419:428	arg1	TMRs					398:401	TMRs	398:401	TMRs	398:401	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	11	contain	containing	419:428	arg2	corn					450:453	steam-flaked corn	437:453	steam-flaked corn	437:453	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	12	theme	%	479:479	arg1	meal					547:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	7	13	theme	fermentation	1178:1189	arg1	products					1191:1198	increased fermentation products	1168:1198	increased fermentation products	1168:1198	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	3	14	theme	drum	625:628	arg1	silo					630:633	a plastic drum silo	615:633	a plastic drum silo	615:633	Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation.
27113019	0	15	theme	degradation	108:118	arg1	characteristics					120:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics	52:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet	52:142	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	1	16	theme	chemical	195:202	arg1	composition					204:214	chemical composition	195:214	chemical composition	195:214	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	2	17	theme	DM	580:581	arg1	basis					584:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	18	dep	prepared	558:565	arg1	basis					584:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	19	theme	matter	572:577	arg1	basis					584:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	3	20	dep	210 days	711:718	arg1	preparation					726:736	preparation	726:736	preparation	726:736	Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation.
27113019	1	21	dep	in	239:240	arg1	situ					242:245	situ	242:245	situ	242:245	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	22	theme	mixed	315:319	arg1	TMR					329:331	TMR	329:331	TMR	329:331	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	22	theme	mixed	315:319	arg1	ration					321:326	ensiled total mixed ration	301:326	ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	301:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	3	23	theme	air-conditioned	657:671	arg1	room					673:676	an air-conditioned room	654:676	an air-conditioned room	654:676	Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation.
27113019	0	24	theme	profile	65:71	arg1	characteristics					120:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics	52:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet	52:142	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	5	25	theme	effective	933:941	arg1	degradability					951:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	0	26	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	characteristics					120:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics	52:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet	52:142	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	0	27	theme	nutrient	74:81	arg1	loss					83:86	nutrient loss	74:86	nutrient loss	74:86	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	8	28	theme	TMR	1321:1323	arg1	process					1310:1316	the ensiling process	1297:1316	the ensiling process of TMR	1297:1323	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	2	29	theme	%	537:537	arg1	meal					547:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	1	30	theme	steam-flaked	345:356	arg1	corn					358:361	steam-flaked corn	345:361	steam-flaked corn	345:361	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	2	31	theme	dairy	407:411	arg1	cows					413:416	dairy cows	407:416	dairy cows	407:416	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	5	32	theme	starch	990:995	arg1	degradability					951:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	5	32	theme	starch	990:995	arg1	fraction					920:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	5	33	theme	crude	972:976	arg1	protein					978:984	crude protein	972:984	crude protein	972:984	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	0	34	theme	ensiling	10:17	arg1	process					19:25	ensiling process	10:25	ensiling process of total mixed ration	10:47	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	8	35	theme	replacing	1365:1373	arg1	corn					1375:1378	replacing corn	1365:1378	replacing corn with BR in TMR	1365:1393	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	0	36	theme	mixed	36:40	arg1	ration					42:47	total mixed ration	30:47	total mixed ration	30:47	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	5	37	theme	DM	968:969	arg1	degradability					951:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	5	37	theme	DM	968:969	arg1	fraction					920:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	1	38	theme	fermentation	217:228	arg1	profile					230:236	fermentation profile	217:236	fermentation profile	217:236	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	8	39	theme	large	1401:1405	arg1	impact					1407:1412	a large impact	1399:1412	a large impact on these dietary characteristics	1399:1445	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	8	40	from	corn	1375:1378	arg1	TMR					1391:1393	TMR	1391:1393	TMR	1391:1393	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	1	41	contain	containing	334:343	arg2	corn					358:361	steam-flaked corn	345:361	steam-flaked corn	345:361	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	41	contain	containing	334:343	arg2	BR					378:379	BR	378:379	BR	378:379	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	41	contain	containing	334:343	arg1	TMR					329:331	TMR	329:331	TMR	329:331	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	41	contain	containing	334:343	arg1	ration					321:326	ensiled total mixed ration	301:326	ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	301:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	41	contain	containing	334:343	arg2	rice					372:375	brown rice	366:375	brown rice (BR)	366:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	2	42	dep	%	497:497	arg1	silage					507:512	alfalfa silage	499:512	40.5% alfalfa silage	493:512	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	43	theme	5.0	515:517	arg1	%					518:518	%	518:518	%	518:518	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	7	44	theme	TMR	1264:1266	arg1	loss					1208:1211	starch loss	1201:1211	starch loss	1201:1211	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	7	44	theme	TMR	1264:1266	arg1	degradability					1235:1247	effective ruminal degradability	1217:1247	effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR	1217:1266	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	7	44	theme	TMR	1264:1266	arg1	products					1191:1198	increased fermentation products	1168:1198	increased fermentation products	1168:1198	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	8	45	theme	dietary	1423:1429	arg1	characteristics					1431:1445	these dietary characteristics	1417:1445	these dietary characteristics	1417:1445	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	7	46	theme	ruminal	1227:1233	arg1	degradability					1235:1247	effective ruminal degradability	1217:1247	effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR	1217:1266	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	1	47	theme	ensiled	301:307	arg1	TMR					329:331	TMR	329:331	TMR	329:331	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	47	theme	ensiled	301:307	arg1	ration					321:326	ensiled total mixed ration	301:326	ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	301:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	2	48	theme	steam-flaked	437:448	arg1	corn					450:453	steam-flaked corn	437:453	steam-flaked corn	437:453	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	2	49	theme	beet	520:523	arg1	pulp					525:528	5.0% beet pulp	515:528	5.0% beet pulp	515:528	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	8	50	from	impact	1407:1412	arg1	characteristics					1431:1445	these dietary characteristics	1417:1445	these dietary characteristics	1417:1445	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	2	51	theme	rye	481:483	arg1	silage					485:490	rye silage	481:490	15.2% rye silage	475:490	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	7	52	theme	starch	1201:1206	arg1	loss					1208:1211	starch loss	1201:1211	starch loss	1201:1211	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	6	53	theme	storage	1129:1135	arg1	90 days					1118:1124	90 days	1118:1124	90 days of storage	1118:1135	These changes of dietary characteristics were large during 30 days of storage, but small after 90 days of storage.
27113019	1	54	theme	brown	366:370	arg1	rice					372:375	brown rice	366:375	brown rice (BR)	366:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	54	theme	brown	366:370	arg1	BR					378:379	BR	378:379	BR	378:379	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	8	55	with	corn	1375:1378	arg1	BR					1385:1386	BR	1385:1386	BR	1385:1386	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	0	56	theme	diet	139:142	arg1	characteristics					120:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics	52:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet	52:142	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	0	57	theme	ruminal	100:106	arg1	degradation					108:118	in situ ruminal degradation	92:118	in situ ruminal degradation	92:118	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	7	58	theme	increased	1168:1176	arg1	products					1191:1198	increased fermentation products	1168:1198	increased fermentation products	1168:1198	Replacing corn with BR led to increased fermentation products, starch loss and effective ruminal degradability of the ensiled TMR.
27113019	3	59	theme	plastic	617:623	arg1	silo					630:633	a plastic drum silo	615:633	a plastic drum silo	615:633	Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation.
27113019	1	60	from	changes	184:190	arg1	characteristics					261:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	60	from	changes	184:190	arg1	profile					230:236	fermentation profile	217:236	fermentation profile	217:236	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	60	from	changes	184:190	arg1	composition					204:214	chemical composition	195:214	chemical composition	195:214	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	60	from	changes	184:190	arg1	losses					291:296	nutrient losses	282:296	nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	282:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	0	61	theme	fermentation	52:63	arg1	profile					65:71	fermentation profile	52:71	fermentation profile	52:71	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	8	62	theme	ensiling	1301:1308	arg1	process					1310:1316	the ensiling process	1297:1316	the ensiling process of TMR	1297:1323	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	1	63	theme	ration	321:326	arg1	composition					204:214	chemical composition	195:214	chemical composition	195:214	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	63	theme	ration	321:326	arg1	profile					230:236	fermentation profile	217:236	fermentation profile	217:236	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	63	theme	ration	321:326	arg1	characteristics					261:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	in situ disappearance characteristics	239:275	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	63	theme	ration	321:326	arg1	losses					291:296	nutrient losses	282:296	nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	282:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	4	64	theme	fermentation	766:777	arg1	products					779:786	the fermentation products	762:786	the fermentation products	762:786	In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage.
27113019	0	65	theme	loss	83:86	arg1	characteristics					120:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics	52:134	fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet	52:142	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	5	66	theme	ruminal	943:949	arg1	degradability					951:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	0	67	dep	in	92:93	arg1	situ					95:98	situ	95:98	situ	95:98	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	2	68	theme	soybean	539:545	arg1	meal					547:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	0	69	theme	in	92:93	arg1	degradation					108:118	in situ ruminal degradation	92:118	in situ ruminal degradation	92:118	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	4	70	theme	grain	747:751	arg1	sources					753:759	both grain sources	742:759	both grain sources	742:759	In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage.
27113019	8	71	theme	dietary	1337:1343	arg1	characteristics					1345:1359	the dietary characteristics	1333:1359	the dietary characteristics	1333:1359	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	2	72	theme	dry	568:570	arg1	basis					584:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	dry matter (DM) basis	568:588	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	5	73	theme	degradable	909:918	arg1	fraction					920:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	8	74	contain	had	1395:1397	arg1	corn					1375:1378	replacing corn	1365:1378	replacing corn with BR in TMR	1365:1393	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	8	74	contain	had	1395:1397	arg2	impact					1407:1412	a large impact	1399:1412	a large impact on these dietary characteristics	1399:1445	These results indicate that the ensiling process of TMR changes the dietary characteristics and replacing corn with BR in TMR had a large impact on these dietary characteristics.
27113019	0	75	theme	process	19:25	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.	0:143	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	5	76	theme	protein	978:984	arg1	degradability					951:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	effective ruminal degradability	933:963	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	5	76	theme	protein	978:984	arg1	fraction					920:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	rapidly degradable fraction	901:927	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	2	77	with	%	468:468	arg1	meal					547:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal	475:550	TMRs for dairy cows, containing either steam-flaked corn or BR at 31.9% with 15.2% rye silage, 40.5% alfalfa silage, 5.0% beet pulp and 7.0% soybean meal, were prepared (dry matter (DM) basis).
27113019	6	78	theme	dietary	1040:1046	arg1	characteristics					1048:1062	dietary characteristics	1040:1062	dietary characteristics	1040:1062	These changes of dietary characteristics were large during 30 days of storage, but small after 90 days of storage.
27113019	4	79	theme	storage	819:825	arg1	losses					827:832	starch storage losses	812:832	starch storage losses	812:832	In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage.
27113019	5	80	dep	fraction	920:927	arg1	The					897:899	The	897:899	The	897:899	The rapidly degradable fraction and effective ruminal degradability of DM, crude protein and starch increased during storage.
27113019	0	81	theme	total	30:34	arg1	ration					42:47	total mixed ration	30:47	total mixed ration	30:47	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	1	82	theme	nutrient	282:289	arg1	losses					291:296	nutrient losses	282:296	nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	282:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	0	83	theme	ration	42:47	arg1	process					19:25	ensiling process	10:25	ensiling process of total mixed ration	10:47	Effect of ensiling process of total mixed ration on fermentation profile, nutrient loss and in situ ruminal degradation characteristics of diet.
27113019	1	84	theme	total	309:313	arg1	TMR					329:331	TMR	329:331	TMR	329:331	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	1	84	theme	total	309:313	arg1	ration					321:326	ensiled total mixed ration	301:326	ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR)	301:380	This experiment aimed to determine the changes in chemical composition, fermentation profile, in situ disappearance characteristics, and nutrient losses of ensiled total mixed ration (TMR) containing steam-flaked corn or brown rice (BR) during storage.
27113019	3	85	from	23°C	646:649	arg1	room					673:676	an air-conditioned room	654:676	an air-conditioned room	654:676	Each TMR was placed in a plastic drum silo, stored at 23°C in an air-conditioned room and sampled 0, 7, 14, 30, 90 and 210 days after preparation.
27113019	4	86	theme	starch	812:817	arg1	losses					827:832	starch storage losses	812:832	starch storage losses	812:832	In both grain sources, the fermentation products increased, while DM and starch storage losses increased and starch content greatly decreased during storage.
25651488	3	0	theme	milk	426:429	arg1	samples					431:437	Human milk samples	420:437	Human milk samples	420:437	Human milk samples were collected on the same day when feces were collected.
25651488	9	1	theme	abundant	1072:1079	arg1	lacto-N-tetraose					1091:1106	lacto-N-tetraose	1091:1106	lacto-N-tetraose	1091:1106	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	9	1	theme	abundant	1072:1079	arg1	HMOs					1081:1084	The most abundant HMOs	1063:1084	The most abundant HMOs	1063:1084	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	3	2	theme	same	461:464	arg1	day					466:468	the same day	457:468	the same day when feces were collected	457:494	Human milk samples were collected on the same day when feces were collected.
25651488	1	3	theme	human	248:252	arg1	HMOs					277:280	HMOs	277:280	HMOs	277:280	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	1	3	theme	human	248:252	arg1	oligosaccharides					259:274	human milk oligosaccharides	248:274	human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)	248:281	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	4	4	theme	genes	574:578	arg1	pyrosequencing					528:541	pyrosequencing	528:541	pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	528:578	The microbiota was assessed by pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes.
25651488	10	5	theme	HMO	1375:1377	arg1	profiles					1379:1386	their mothers' HMO profiles	1360:1386	their mothers' HMO profiles	1360:1386	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	10	6	theme	Partial	1238:1244	arg1	squares					1252:1258	Partial least squares	1238:1258	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota	1238:1291	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	12	7	theme	formula	1807:1813	arg1	supplementation					1788:1802	the supplementation	1784:1802	the supplementation of formula with defined HMO	1784:1830	Future studies are needed to validate these findings and determine whether the supplementation of formula with defined HMO could selectively modify the gut microbiota.
25651488	11	8	theme	statistical	1629:1639	arg1	means					1641:1645	statistical means	1629:1645	statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO	1629:1706	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	12	9	theme	defined	1820:1826	arg1	HMO					1828:1830	defined HMO	1820:1830	defined HMO	1820:1830	Future studies are needed to validate these findings and determine whether the supplementation of formula with defined HMO could selectively modify the gut microbiota.
25651488	4	10	theme	bacterial	546:554	arg1	genes					574:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	The microbiota was assessed by pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes.
25651488	5	11	theme	chromatography-chip	627:645	arg1	spectrometry					667:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	HMOs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
25651488	4	12	theme	ribosomal	560:568	arg1	genes					574:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	The microbiota was assessed by pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes.
25651488	11	13	theme	bacterial	1662:1670	arg1	genera					1672:1677	infant bacterial genera	1655:1677	infant bacterial genera	1655:1677	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	5	14	theme	mass	662:665	arg1	spectrometry					667:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	HMOs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
25651488	7	15	theme	Veillonella	929:939	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	1	16	theme	formula-fed	207:217	arg1	infants					224:230	breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	187:230	breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	187:230	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	7	17	dep	Lachnospiraceae	864:878	arg1	sedis					889:893	Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis	864:893	Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis	864:893	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	5	18	theme	high-performance	603:618	arg1	spectrometry					667:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	HMOs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
25651488	1	19	dep	OBJECTIVES	108:117	arg1	tested					130:135	tested	130:135	tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants	130:319	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	11	20	theme	established	1557:1567	arg1	relation					1569:1576	the established relation	1553:1576	the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota	1553:1614	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	2	21	theme	3-month	400:406	arg1	postpartum					408:417	3-month postpartum	400:417	3-month postpartum	400:417	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	11	22	theme	infant	1598:1603	arg1	microbiota					1605:1614	the infant microbiota	1594:1614	the infant microbiota	1594:1614	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	0	23	theme	milk	76:79	arg1	oligosaccharides					81:96	human milk oligosaccharides	70:96	human milk oligosaccharides consumed	70:105	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants is correlated with human milk oligosaccharides consumed.
25651488	1	24	theme	infants	313:319	arg1	microbiota					296:305	the microbiota	292:305	the microbiota of BF infants	292:319	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	1	25	theme	bacterial	167:175	arg1	genera					177:182	the fecal bacterial genera	157:182	the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	157:230	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	10	26	theme	squares	1252:1258	arg1	regression					1260:1269	Partial least squares regression	1238:1269	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota	1238:1291	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	12	27	with	supplementation	1788:1802	arg1	HMO					1828:1830	defined HMO	1820:1830	defined HMO	1820:1830	Future studies are needed to validate these findings and determine whether the supplementation of formula with defined HMO could selectively modify the gut microbiota.
25651488	7	28	theme	Clostridium	845:855	arg1	XVIII					857:861	Clostridium XVIII	845:861	Clostridium XVIII	845:861	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	0	29	theme	Fecal	0:4	arg1	composition					17:27	Fecal microbiota composition	0:27	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants	0:49	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants is correlated with human milk oligosaccharides consumed.
25651488	1	30	theme	milk	254:257	arg1	HMOs					277:280	HMOs	277:280	HMOs	277:280	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	1	30	theme	milk	254:257	arg1	oligosaccharides					259:274	human milk oligosaccharides	248:274	human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)	248:281	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	7	31	theme	proportions	830:840	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	9	32	dep	2'-fucosyllactose	1163:1179	arg1	%					1192:1192	14.5%	1188:1192	14.5%	1188:1192	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	9	32	dep	2'-fucosyllactose	1163:1179	arg1	FL					1184:1185	2'FL	1182:1185	2'FL	1182:1185	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	10	33	theme	bacterial	1321:1329	arg1	genera					1331:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	10	34	theme	infant	1308:1313	arg1	genera					1331:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	1	35	dep	breast-fed	187:196	arg1	BF					199:200	BF	199:200	BF	199:200	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	2	36	theme	=	369:369	arg1	BF					363:364	BF	363:364	BF	363:364	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	2	36	theme	=	369:369	arg1	n					367:367	n = 16	367:372	n = 16	367:372	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	0	37	theme	breast-fed	32:41	arg1	infants					43:49	breast-fed infants	32:49	breast-fed infants	32:49	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants is correlated with human milk oligosaccharides consumed.
25651488	11	38	theme	milk	1699:1702	arg1	HMO					1704:1706	milk HMO	1699:1706	milk HMO	1699:1706	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	6	39	theme	overall	693:699	arg1	microbiota					701:710	The overall microbiota	689:710	The overall microbiota of BF	689:716	RESULTS The overall microbiota of BF differed from that of FF (P = 0.005).
25651488	7	40	theme	lower	824:828	arg1	proportions					830:840	lower proportions	824:840	lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII	824:861	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	9	41	theme	LNFP	1223:1226	arg1	I					1228:1228	LNFP I	1223:1228	LNFP I	1223:1228	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	9	41	theme	LNFP	1223:1226	arg1	%					1234:1234	9.5%	1231:1234	9.5%	1231:1234	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	7	42	theme	Bacteroides	811:821	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	2	43	theme	Fecal	330:334	arg1	samples					336:342	Fecal samples	330:342	Fecal samples	330:342	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	1	44	theme	infants	224:230	arg1	genera					177:182	the fecal bacterial genera	157:182	the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	157:230	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	7	45	theme	higher	781:786	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	4	46	theme	RNA	570:572	arg1	genes					574:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	The microbiota was assessed by pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes.
25651488	1	47	theme	breast-fed	187:196	arg1	infants					224:230	breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	187:230	breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	187:230	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	10	48	theme	important	1397:1405	arg1	HMOs					1407:1410	the important HMOs	1393:1410	the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera	1393:1449	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	5	49	theme	liquid	620:625	arg1	spectrometry					667:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	HMOs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
25651488	3	50	theme	Human	420:424	arg1	samples					431:437	Human milk samples	420:437	Human milk samples	420:437	Human milk samples were collected on the same day when feces were collected.
25651488	5	51	theme	time-of-flight	647:660	arg1	spectrometry					667:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry	603:678	HMOs were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-chip time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
25651488	4	52	theme	16S	556:558	arg1	genes					574:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes	546:578	The microbiota was assessed by pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes.
25651488	8	53	dep	BF	990:991	arg1	infants					1000:1006	infants	1000:1006	infants	1000:1006	Bifidobacterium predominated in both BF and FF infants, with no difference in abundance between the 2 groups.
25651488	11	54	theme	infant	1655:1660	arg1	genera					1672:1677	infant bacterial genera	1655:1677	infant bacterial genera	1655:1677	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	7	55	theme	P	942:942	arg1	Bacteroides					811:821	Bacteroides	811:821	Bacteroides	811:821	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	7	55	theme	P	942:942	arg1	<					944:944	P < 0.05	942:949	P < 0.05	942:949	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	0	56	theme	human	70:74	arg1	oligosaccharides					81:96	human milk oligosaccharides	70:96	human milk oligosaccharides consumed	70:105	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants is correlated with human milk oligosaccharides consumed.
25651488	7	57	theme	Enterococcus	911:922	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	1	58	theme	BF	310:311	arg1	infants					313:319	BF infants	310:319	BF infants	310:319	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	7	59	theme	Streptococcus	896:908	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	1	60	theme	fecal	161:165	arg1	genera					177:182	the fecal bacterial genera	157:182	the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants	157:230	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	9	61	dep	lacto-N-neotetraose	1110:1128	arg1	LNnT					1137:1140	LNnT	1137:1140	LNnT	1137:1140	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	9	61	dep	lacto-N-neotetraose	1110:1128	arg1	%					1147:1147	22.6%	1143:1147	22.6%	1143:1147	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	9	61	dep	lacto-N-neotetraose	1110:1128	arg1	LNT					1131:1133	LNT	1131:1133	LNT	1131:1133	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	7	62	contain	had	777:779	arg2	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	7	62	contain	had	777:779	arg1	BF					774:775	BF	774:775	BF	774:775	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	9	63	dep	I	1220:1220	arg1	I					1228:1228	LNFP I	1223:1228	LNFP I	1223:1228	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	9	63	dep	I	1220:1220	arg1	%					1234:1234	9.5%	1231:1234	9.5%	1231:1234	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	10	64	theme	least	1246:1250	arg1	squares					1252:1258	Partial least squares	1238:1258	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota	1238:1291	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	2	65	dep	METHODS	322:328	arg1	obtained					349:356	obtained	349:356	were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum	344:417	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	7	66	theme	Lachnospiraceae	864:878	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	10	67	theme	microbiota	1282:1291	arg1	regression					1260:1269	Partial least squares regression	1238:1269	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota	1238:1291	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	0	68	theme	microbiota	6:15	arg1	composition					17:27	Fecal microbiota composition	0:27	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants	0:49	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants is correlated with human milk oligosaccharides consumed.
25651488	7	69	theme	XVIII	857:861	arg1	proportions					830:840	lower proportions	824:840	lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII	824:861	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	7	69	theme	XVIII	857:861	arg1	Enterococcus					911:922	Enterococcus	911:922	Enterococcus	911:922	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	10	70	theme	HMO	1274:1276	arg1	regression					1260:1269	Partial least squares regression	1238:1269	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota	1238:1291	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	10	71	theme	genera	1444:1449	arg1	prediction					1420:1429	the prediction	1416:1429	the prediction of bacterial genera	1416:1449	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	10	72	dep	showed	1293:1298	arg1	predicted					1347:1355	predicted	1347:1355	showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles	1293:1386	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	10	73	theme	fecal	1315:1319	arg1	genera					1331:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	0	74	theme	infants	43:49	arg1	composition					17:27	Fecal microbiota composition	0:27	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants	0:49	Fecal microbiota composition of breast-fed infants is correlated with human milk oligosaccharides consumed.
25651488	12	75	theme	Future	1709:1714	arg1	studies					1716:1722	Future studies	1709:1722	Future studies	1709:1722	Future studies are needed to validate these findings and determine whether the supplementation of formula with defined HMO could selectively modify the gut microbiota.
25651488	10	76	theme	several	1300:1306	arg1	genera					1331:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	several infant fecal bacterial genera	1300:1336	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	6	77	theme	BF	715:716	arg1	microbiota					701:710	The overall microbiota	689:710	The overall microbiota of BF	689:716	RESULTS The overall microbiota of BF differed from that of FF (P = 0.005).
25651488	10	78	theme	variable	1470:1477	arg1	importance					1479:1488	variable importance	1470:1488	variable importance	1470:1488	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	9	79	theme	lacto-N-fucopentaose	1199:1218	arg1	I					1220:1220	lacto-N-fucopentaose I	1199:1220	lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%)	1199:1235	The most abundant HMOs were lacto-N-tetraose + lacto-N-neotetraose (LNT + LNnT, 22.6%), followed by 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL, 14.5%) and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP I, 9.5%).
25651488	8	80	from	difference	1017:1026	arg1	abundance					1031:1039	abundance	1031:1039	abundance	1031:1039	Bifidobacterium predominated in both BF and FF infants, with no difference in abundance between the 2 groups.
25651488	2	81	theme	=	384:384	arg1	n					382:382	n = 6	382:386	n = 6	382:386	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	2	81	theme	=	384:384	arg1	FF					378:379	FF	378:379	FF	378:379	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	10	82	theme	bacterial	1434:1442	arg1	genera					1444:1449	bacterial genera	1434:1449	bacterial genera	1434:1449	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	1	83	dep	formula-fed	207:217	arg1	FF					220:221	FF	220:221	FF	220:221	OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that the fecal bacterial genera of breast-fed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants differ and that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) modulate the microbiota of BF infants.
25651488	10	84	theme	projection	1497:1506	arg1	scores					1508:1513	the projection scores	1493:1513	the projection scores	1493:1513	Partial least squares regression of HMO and microbiota showed several infant fecal bacterial genera could be predicted by their mothers' HMO profiles, and the important HMOs for the prediction of bacterial genera were identified by variable importance in the projection scores.
25651488	12	85	theme	gut	1861:1863	arg1	microbiota					1865:1874	the gut microbiota	1857:1874	the gut microbiota	1857:1874	Future studies are needed to validate these findings and determine whether the supplementation of formula with defined HMO could selectively modify the gut microbiota.
25651488	6	86	dep	RESULTS	681:687	arg1	differed					718:725	differed	718:725	differed from that of FF (P = 0.005)	718:753	RESULTS The overall microbiota of BF differed from that of FF (P = 0.005).
25651488	2	87	dep	BF	363:364	arg1	infants					389:395	infants	389:395	infants	389:395	METHODS Fecal samples were obtained from BF (n = 16) or FF (n = 6) infants at 3-month postpartum.
25651488	7	88	theme	relative	788:795	arg1	abundances					797:806	higher relative abundances	781:806	higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05)	781:950	Compared with FF, BF had higher relative abundances of Bacteroides, lower proportions of Clostridium XVIII, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Veillonella (P < 0.05).
25651488	11	89	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1516:1526	arg1	strengthen					1542:1551	strengthen	1542:1551	strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota	1542:1614	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
25651488	11	89	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1516:1526	arg1	identify					1620:1627	identify	1620:1627	identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO	1620:1706	CONCLUSIONS These results strengthen the established relation between HMO and the infant microbiota and identify statistical means whereby infant bacterial genera can be predicted by milk HMO.
26519946	0	0	theme	hMSC	88:91	arg1	Assessment					74:83	Assessment	74:83	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.	0:126	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	3	1	theme	sample	676:681	arg1	heating					661:667	a homogeneous rapid heating	641:667	a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor	641:704	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	2	2	dep	carboxymethylcellulose	434:455	arg1	solution					511:518	diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	489:518	diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	489:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	8	3	theme	proliferation	1361:1373	arg1	terms					1352:1356	terms	1352:1356	terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1352:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	5	4	theme	different	842:850	arg1	blends					852:857	different blends	842:857	different blends	842:857	CMCNa and PEGDA were mixed with different blends to correlate the properties of final product with the composition.
26519946	8	5	theme	Cells	1438:1442	arg1	differentiation					1396:1410	early osteogenic differentiation	1379:1410	early osteogenic differentiation	1379:1410	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	8	5	theme	Cells	1438:1442	arg1	proliferation					1361:1373	proliferation	1361:1373	proliferation	1361:1373	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	7	6	theme	materials	1165:1173	arg1	stability					1148:1156	The stability	1144:1156	The stability of the materials	1144:1173	The stability of the materials was evaluated in vitro by degradation test in Phosphate Buffered Saline.
26519946	8	7	from	effect	1299:1304	arg1	behavior					1340:1347	cellular behavior	1331:1347	cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1331:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	2	8	dep	pluronic	366:373	arg1	i.e.					361:364	i.e.	361:364	i.e.	361:364	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	1	9	used	used	188:191	arg2	foaming					137:143	Physical foaming	128:143	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing	128:182	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing was used in this study to develop an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration.
26519946	8	10	theme	human	1415:1419	arg1	Cells					1438:1442	human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1415:1442	human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1415:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	2	11	theme	physical	312:319	arg1	foaming					321:327	a stable physical foaming	303:327	a stable physical foaming	303:327	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	3	12	theme	microwave	688:696	arg1	reactor					698:704	a microwave reactor	686:704	a microwave reactor	686:704	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	4	13	theme	2,2-Azobis[2-	720:732	arg1	thermoinitiator					788:802	thermoinitiator	788:802	thermoinitiator (TI)	788:807	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	13	theme	2,2-Azobis[2-	720:732	arg1	Dihydrochloride					760:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	13	theme	2,2-Azobis[2-	720:732	arg1	yl					749:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	14	theme	propane	752:758	arg1	thermoinitiator					788:802	thermoinitiator	788:802	thermoinitiator (TI)	788:807	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	14	theme	propane	752:758	arg1	Dihydrochloride					760:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	14	theme	propane	752:758	arg1	yl					749:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	8	15	from	behavior	1340:1347	arg1	terms					1352:1356	terms	1352:1356	terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1352:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	6	16	theme	chemical	930:937	arg1	properties					939:948	The chemical properties	926:948	The chemical properties of each sample	926:963	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	7	17	theme	Buffered	1231:1238	arg1	Saline					1240:1245	Phosphate Buffered Saline	1221:1245	Phosphate Buffered Saline	1221:1245	The stability of the materials was evaluated in vitro by degradation test in Phosphate Buffered Saline.
26519946	2	18	theme	blowing	379:385	arg1	agent					387:391	blowing agent	379:391	blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	379:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	2	19	theme	diacrylate	489:498	arg1	solution					511:518	diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	489:518	diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	489:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	3	20	from	heating	661:667	arg1	reactor					698:704	a microwave reactor	686:704	a microwave reactor	686:704	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	0	21	theme	Cellulose-based	0:14	arg1	scaffold					23:30	Cellulose-based porous scaffold	0:30	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.	0:126	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	0	22	theme	porous	16:21	arg1	scaffold					23:30	Cellulose-based porous scaffold	0:30	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.	0:126	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	0	23	dep	hMSC	88:91	arg1	differentiation					111:125	differentiation	111:125	differentiation	111:125	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	0	23	dep	hMSC	88:91	arg1	proliferation					93:105	proliferation	93:105	proliferation	93:105	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	4	24	used	used	780:783	arg2	yl					749:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	24	used	used	780:783	arg2	thermoinitiator					788:802	thermoinitiator	788:802	thermoinitiator (TI)	788:807	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	24	used	used	780:783	arg2	Dihydrochloride					760:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	2	25	theme	Sodium	419:424	arg1	salt					426:429	Sodium salt	419:429	Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	419:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	8	26	theme	Mesenchymal	1421:1431	arg1	Cells					1438:1442	human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1415:1442	human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1415:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	2	27	theme	stable	305:310	arg1	foaming					321:327	a stable physical foaming	303:327	a stable physical foaming	303:327	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	9	28	dep	©	1445:1445	arg1	Inc.					1471:1474	Inc.	1471:1474	Inc.	1471:1474	© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
26519946	6	29	theme	microwave	1126:1134	arg1	power					1136:1140	microwave power	1126:1140	microwave power	1126:1140	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	8	30	theme	osteogenic	1385:1394	arg1	differentiation					1396:1410	early osteogenic differentiation	1379:1410	early osteogenic differentiation	1379:1410	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	3	31	theme	second	528:533	arg1	step					535:538	the second step	524:538	the second step	524:538	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	2	32	theme	homogeneous	398:408	arg1	blend					410:414	a homogeneous blend	396:414	a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	396:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	2	33	theme	blend	410:414	arg1	agent					387:391	blowing agent	379:391	blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	379:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	5	34	theme	final	890:894	arg1	product					896:902	final product	890:902	final product	890:902	CMCNa and PEGDA were mixed with different blends to correlate the properties of final product with the composition.
26519946	8	35	theme	early	1379:1383	arg1	differentiation					1396:1410	early osteogenic differentiation	1379:1410	early osteogenic differentiation	1379:1410	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	8	36	theme	Biological	1248:1257	arg1	analyses					1259:1266	Biological analyses	1248:1266	Biological analyses	1248:1266	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	6	37	theme	ATR-IR	1005:1010	arg1	analysis					996:1003	spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR	983:1010	spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing)	983:1036	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	0	38	theme	tissue	41:46	arg1	applications					60:71	bone tissue engineering applications	36:71	bone tissue engineering applications	36:71	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	10	39	dep	104A	1503:1506	arg1	726-733					1509:1515	726-733	1509:1515	726-733	1509:1515	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 726-733, 2016.
26519946	6	40	dep	curing	1118:1123	arg1	power					1136:1140	microwave power	1126:1140	microwave power	1126:1140	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	6	40	dep	curing	1118:1123	arg1	i.e.					1108:1111	i.e.	1108:1111	i.e.	1108:1111	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	1	41	theme	innovative	221:230	arg1	device					232:237	an innovative device	218:237	an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration	218:266	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing was used in this study to develop an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration.
26519946	0	42	theme	bone	36:39	arg1	applications					60:71	bone tissue engineering applications	36:71	bone tissue engineering applications	36:71	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	8	43	theme	differentiation	1396:1410	arg1	terms					1352:1356	terms	1352:1356	terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1352:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	6	44	theme	kinetic	1088:1094	arg1	parameters					1096:1105	kinetic parameters	1088:1105	kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power)	1088:1141	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	6	45	theme	spectroscopy	983:994	arg1	analysis					996:1003	spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR	983:1010	spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing)	983:1036	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	2	46	theme	carboxymethylcellulose	434:455	arg1	salt					426:429	Sodium salt	419:429	Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	419:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	3	47	theme	radical	607:613	arg1	polymerization					615:628	radical polymerization	607:628	radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor	607:704	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	3	48	theme	porous	545:550	arg1	structure					552:560	the porous structure	541:560	the porous structure of the scaffold	541:576	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	1	49	theme	Physical	128:135	arg1	foaming					137:143	Physical foaming	128:143	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing	128:182	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing was used in this study to develop an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration.
26519946	0	50	theme	engineering	48:58	arg1	applications					60:71	bone tissue engineering applications	36:71	bone tissue engineering applications	36:71	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	6	51	theme	time	1113:1116	arg1	curing					1118:1123	time curing	1113:1123	time curing	1113:1123	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	3	52	theme	homogeneous	643:653	arg1	heating					661:667	a homogeneous rapid heating	641:667	a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor	641:704	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	8	53	theme	cellular	1331:1338	arg1	behavior					1340:1347	cellular behavior	1331:1347	cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1331:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	7	54	theme	degradation	1201:1211	arg1	test					1213:1216	degradation test	1201:1216	degradation test	1201:1216	The stability of the materials was evaluated in vitro by degradation test in Phosphate Buffered Saline.
26519946	10	55	dep	Res	1491:1493	arg1	A					1500:1500	Part A	1495:1500	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 726-733, 2016.	1476:1522	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 726-733, 2016.
26519946	10	55	dep	Res	1491:1493	arg1	104A					1503:1506	104A	1503:1506	104A	1503:1506	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 726-733, 2016.
26519946	3	56	theme	rapid	655:659	arg1	heating					661:667	a homogeneous rapid heating	641:667	a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor	641:704	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	2	57	theme	first	276:280	arg1	step					282:285	the first step	272:285	the first step of the process	272:300	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	8	58	theme	materials	1318:1326	arg1	effect					1299:1304	the effect	1295:1304	the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1295:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	6	59	theme	reaction	1059:1066	arg1	yield					1068:1072	reaction yield	1059:1072	reaction yield	1059:1072	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
26519946	5	60	theme	product	896:902	arg1	properties					876:885	the properties	872:885	the properties of final product	872:902	CMCNa and PEGDA were mixed with different blends to correlate the properties of final product with the composition.
26519946	4	61	theme	2-imidazolin-2	734:747	arg1	Dihydrochloride					760:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride	720:774	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	4	61	theme	2-imidazolin-2	734:747	arg1	yl					749:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	2-imidazolin-2 yl	734:750	In this step 2,2-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2 yl)propane]Dihydrochloride was used as thermoinitiator (TI).
26519946	8	62	theme	Stem	1433:1436	arg1	Cells					1438:1442	human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1415:1442	human Mesenchymal Stem Cells	1415:1442	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	0	63	dep	scaffold	23:30	arg1	Assessment					74:83	Assessment	74:83	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.	0:126	Cellulose-based porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications: Assessment of hMSC proliferation and differentiation.
26519946	2	64	theme	process	294:300	arg1	step					282:285	the first step	272:285	the first step of the process	272:300	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	1	65	theme	bone	243:246	arg1	regeneration					255:266	bone tissue regeneration	243:266	bone tissue regeneration	243:266	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing was used in this study to develop an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration.
26519946	2	66	theme	glycol	482:487	arg1	salt					426:429	Sodium salt	419:429	Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	419:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	8	67	theme	scaffold	1309:1316	arg1	materials					1318:1326	scaffold materials	1309:1326	scaffold materials	1309:1326	Biological analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of scaffold materials on cellular behavior in terms of proliferation and early osteogenic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
26519946	3	68	theme	scaffold	569:576	arg1	structure					552:560	the porous structure	541:560	the porous structure of the scaffold	541:576	In the second step, the porous structure of the scaffold was chemically stabilized by radical polymerization induced by a homogeneous rapid heating of the sample in a microwave reactor.
26519946	7	69	theme	Phosphate	1221:1229	arg1	Saline					1240:1245	Phosphate Buffered Saline	1221:1245	Phosphate Buffered Saline	1221:1245	The stability of the materials was evaluated in vitro by degradation test in Phosphate Buffered Saline.
26519946	1	70	theme	microwave-induced	159:175	arg1	curing					177:182	microwave-induced curing	159:182	microwave-induced curing	159:182	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing was used in this study to develop an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration.
26519946	1	71	theme	tissue	248:253	arg1	regeneration					255:266	bone tissue regeneration	243:266	bone tissue regeneration	243:266	Physical foaming combined with microwave-induced curing was used in this study to develop an innovative device for bone tissue regeneration.
26519946	2	72	theme	polyethylene	469:480	arg1	glycol					482:487	polyethylene glycol	469:487	polyethylene glycol	469:487	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	10	73	theme	Part	1495:1498	arg1	A					1500:1500	Part A	1495:1500	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 726-733, 2016.	1476:1522	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 726-733, 2016.
26519946	2	74	theme	salt	426:429	arg1	blend					410:414	a homogeneous blend	396:414	a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution	396:518	In the first step of the process, a stable physical foaming was induced using a surfactant (i.e. pluronic) as blowing agent of a homogeneous blend of Sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA700) solution.
26519946	6	75	theme	sample	958:963	arg1	properties					939:948	The chemical properties	926:948	The chemical properties of each sample	926:963	The chemical properties of each sample were evaluated by spectroscopy analysis ATR-IR (before and after curing) in order to maximize reaction yield, and optimize kinetic parameters (i.e. time curing, microwave power).
27562812	12	0	theme	organic	1573:1579	arg1	contaminants					1581:1592	organic contaminants	1573:1592	organic contaminants	1573:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	4	1	theme	experimental	508:519	arg1	results					521:527	experimental results	508:527	experimental results	508:527	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	5	2	theme	discoloration	649:661	arg1	rate					663:666	The discoloration rate	645:666	The discoloration rate	645:666	The discoloration rate also reached the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions.
27562812	1	3	theme	Fe/Al	154:158	arg1	electrocoagulation					189:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation	154:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC)	154:211	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	3	theme	Fe/Al	154:158	arg1	EC					209:210	EC	209:210	EC	209:210	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	11	4	theme	combination	1338:1348	arg1	coagulation					1303:1313	coagulation	1303:1313	coagulation	1303:1313	This study not only realizes the ultrasonic, flotation, coagulation, and adsorption of the combination but also gains economy and environment.
27562812	11	4	theme	combination	1338:1348	arg1	adsorption					1320:1329	adsorption	1320:1329	adsorption	1320:1329	This study not only realizes the ultrasonic, flotation, coagulation, and adsorption of the combination but also gains economy and environment.
27562812	11	4	theme	combination	1338:1348	arg1	flotation					1292:1300	flotation	1292:1300	flotation	1292:1300	This study not only realizes the ultrasonic, flotation, coagulation, and adsorption of the combination but also gains economy and environment.
27562812	12	5	theme	wastewater	1539:1548	arg1	dyes					1561:1564	wastewater containing dyes	1539:1564	wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1539:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	5	6	theme	%	703:703	arg1	effect					690:695	the best effect	681:695	the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions	681:740	The discoloration rate also reached the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions.
27562812	8	7	theme	hydrogel	976:983	arg1	electrodes					985:994	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	960:994	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	960:994	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	8	7	theme	hydrogel	976:983	arg1	material					1021:1028	material	1021:1028	material	1021:1028	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	1	8	theme	composite	160:168	arg1	electrocoagulation					189:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation	154:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC)	154:211	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	8	theme	composite	160:168	arg1	EC					209:210	EC	209:210	EC	209:210	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	7	9	theme	hydrogel	866:873	arg1	electrodes					875:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	7	10	with	efficiency	816:825	arg1	electrodes					875:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	5	11	theme	superior	712:719	arg1	conditions					731:740	the superior technical conditions	708:740	the superior technical conditions	708:740	The discoloration rate also reached the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions.
27562812	12	12	theme	promising	1472:1480	arg1	perspectives					1482:1493	promising perspectives	1472:1493	promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1472:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	8	13	theme	composite	966:974	arg1	electrodes					985:994	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	960:994	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	960:994	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	8	13	theme	composite	966:974	arg1	material					1021:1028	material	1021:1028	material	1021:1028	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	12	14	theme	dyes	1561:1564	arg1	treatment					1526:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment	1499:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1499:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	5	15	theme	technical	721:729	arg1	conditions					731:740	the superior technical conditions	708:740	the superior technical conditions	708:740	The discoloration rate also reached the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions.
27562812	12	16	theme	Fe/Al	1430:1434	arg1	electrodes					1455:1464	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1430:1464	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1430:1464	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	11	17	theme	ultrasonic	1280:1289	arg1	flotation					1292:1300	flotation	1292:1300	flotation	1292:1300	This study not only realizes the ultrasonic, flotation, coagulation, and adsorption of the combination but also gains economy and environment.
27562812	4	18	with	pH 3	491:494	arg1	O2.The					501:506	O2.The	501:506	O2.The	501:506	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	7	19	theme	Fe/Al	850:854	arg1	electrodes					875:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	12	20	theme	containing	1550:1559	arg1	dyes					1561:1564	wastewater containing dyes	1539:1564	wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1539:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	0	21	theme	new	109:111	arg1	treatment					124:132	a new wastewater treatment	107:132	a new wastewater treatment	107:132	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	4	22	theme	initial	483:489	arg1	pH 3					491:494	initial pH 3	483:494	initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system	483:642	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	2	23	theme	removal	257:263	arg1	efficiency					265:274	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism	253:300	efficiency	265:274	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism when applying Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode were investigated.
27562812	7	24	theme	composite	856:864	arg1	electrodes					875:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	850:884	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	1	25	theme	hydrogel	170:177	arg1	electrocoagulation					189:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation	154:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC)	154:211	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	25	theme	hydrogel	170:177	arg1	EC					209:210	EC	209:210	EC	209:210	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	8	26	from	material	1021:1028	arg1	addition					950:957	addition	950:957	addition	950:957	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	12	27	theme	hydrogel	1446:1453	arg1	electrodes					1455:1464	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1430:1464	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1430:1464	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	3	28	theme	ARS	422:424	arg1	factors					395:401	The optimum experimental factors	370:401	The optimum experimental factors	370:401	The optimum experimental factors and degradation of ARS were discussed.
27562812	3	28	theme	ARS	422:424	arg1	degradation					407:417	degradation	407:417	degradation of ARS	407:424	The optimum experimental factors and degradation of ARS were discussed.
27562812	2	29	theme	ARS	253:255	arg1	efficiency					265:274	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism	253:300	efficiency	265:274	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism when applying Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode were investigated.
27562812	8	30	dep	material	1021:1028	arg1	reuse					1037:1041	reuse	1037:1041	reuse waste	1037:1047	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	8	30	dep	material	1021:1028	arg1	reduce					1053:1058	reduce	1053:1058	reduce cost	1053:1063	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	1	31	theme	electrode	179:187	arg1	electrocoagulation					189:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation	154:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC)	154:211	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	31	theme	electrode	179:187	arg1	EC					209:210	EC	209:210	EC	209:210	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	12	32	theme	composite	1436:1444	arg1	electrodes					1455:1464	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1430:1464	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1430:1464	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	4	33	from	pH 3	491:494	arg1	operation					470:478	optimal operation	462:478	optimal operation	462:478	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	0	34	theme	Electrolytic	0:11	arg1	removal					13:19	Electrolytic removal	0:19	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.	0:133	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	4	35	dep	O2.The	501:506	arg1	showed					529:534	showed	529:534	showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system	529:642	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	9	36	theme	exchange	1092:1099	arg1	capacity					1101:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	7	37	theme	conventional	916:927	arg1	system					939:944	conventional electrode system	916:944	conventional electrode system	916:944	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	12	38	theme	fast	1499:1502	arg1	treatment					1526:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment	1499:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1499:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	0	39	theme	alizarin	24:31	arg1	S					37:37	alizarin red S	24:37	alizarin red S	24:37	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	7	40	theme	electrode	929:937	arg1	system					939:944	conventional electrode system	916:944	conventional electrode system	916:944	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	7	41	theme	EC	834:835	arg1	process					837:843	the EC process	830:843	the EC process	830:843	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	3	42	theme	experimental	382:393	arg1	factors					395:401	The optimum experimental factors	370:401	The optimum experimental factors	370:401	The optimum experimental factors and degradation of ARS were discussed.
27562812	12	43	dep	dyes	1561:1564	arg1	or/and					1566:1571	or/and	1566:1571	or/and	1566:1571	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	0	44	theme	wastewater	113:122	arg1	treatment					124:132	a new wastewater treatment	107:132	a new wastewater treatment	107:132	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	4	45	theme	optimal	462:468	arg1	operation					470:478	optimal operation	462:478	optimal operation	462:478	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	2	46	theme	degradation	280:290	arg1	mechanism					292:300	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism	253:300	mechanism	292:300	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism when applying Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode were investigated.
27562812	4	47	theme	electrode	627:635	arg1	system					637:642	the novel electrode system	617:642	the novel electrode system	617:642	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	0	48	theme	S	37:37	arg1	removal					13:19	Electrolytic removal	0:19	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.	0:133	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	9	49	theme	iron	1087:1090	arg1	capacity					1101:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	7	50	from	efficiency	816:825	arg1	process					837:843	the EC process	830:843	the EC process	830:843	Results revealed that the efficiency in the EC process with Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes were much better than that in conventional electrode system.
27562812	9	51	theme	residual	1127:1134	arg1	irons					1142:1146	the residual metal irons	1123:1146	the residual metal irons	1123:1146	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	0	52	theme	red	33:35	arg1	S					37:37	alizarin red S	24:37	alizarin red S	24:37	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	4	53	theme	COD	545:547	arg1	better					572:577	better	572:577	better	572:577	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	4	53	theme	COD	545:547	arg1	efficiency					557:566	the COD removal efficiency	541:566	the COD removal efficiency	541:566	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	3	54	theme	optimum	374:380	arg1	factors					395:401	The optimum experimental factors	370:401	The optimum experimental factors	370:401	The optimum experimental factors and degradation of ARS were discussed.
27562812	9	55	theme	metal	1136:1140	arg1	irons					1142:1146	the residual metal irons	1123:1146	the residual metal irons	1123:1146	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	0	56	theme	Fe/Al	42:46	arg1	electrode					67:75	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	42:75	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment	42:132	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	12	57	theme	economical	1515:1524	arg1	treatment					1526:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment	1499:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1499:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	6	58	theme	electrolysis	755:766	arg1	time					768:771	The optimum electrolysis time	743:771	The optimum electrolysis time	743:771	The optimum electrolysis time is about 30 min.
27562812	5	59	theme	best	685:688	arg1	effect					690:695	the best effect	681:695	the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions	681:740	The discoloration rate also reached the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions.
27562812	9	60	contain	has	1075:1077	arg2	capacity					1101:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	9	60	contain	has	1075:1077	arg1	Hydrogel					1066:1073	Hydrogel	1066:1073	Hydrogel	1066:1073	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	6	61	theme	optimum	747:753	arg1	time					768:771	The optimum electrolysis time	743:771	The optimum electrolysis time	743:771	The optimum electrolysis time is about 30 min.
27562812	2	62	theme	hydrogel	332:339	arg1	electrode					341:349	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	316:349	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	316:349	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism when applying Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode were investigated.
27562812	4	63	theme	removal	549:555	arg1	better					572:577	better	572:577	better	572:577	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	4	63	theme	removal	549:555	arg1	efficiency					557:566	the COD removal efficiency	541:566	the COD removal efficiency	541:566	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	2	64	theme	composite	322:330	arg1	electrode					341:349	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	316:349	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	316:349	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism when applying Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode were investigated.
27562812	10	65	theme	ultrasonic	1185:1194	arg1	application					1170:1180	the application	1166:1180	the application of ultrasonic	1166:1194	It is found that the application of ultrasonic helps to accelerate the electrocoagulation of ARS.
27562812	5	66	from	effect	690:695	arg1	conditions					731:740	the superior technical conditions	708:740	the superior technical conditions	708:740	The discoloration rate also reached the best effect of 99 % in the superior technical conditions.
27562812	12	67	theme	unique	1408:1413	arg1	performance					1415:1425	the unique performance	1404:1425	the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1404:1464	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	12	68	theme	high	1505:1508	arg1	treatment					1526:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment	1499:1534	fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants	1499:1592	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	2	69	theme	Fe/Al	316:320	arg1	electrode					341:349	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	316:349	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	316:349	ARS removal efficiency and degradation mechanism when applying Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode were investigated.
27562812	10	70	theme	ARS	1242:1244	arg1	electrocoagulation					1220:1237	the electrocoagulation	1216:1237	the electrocoagulation of ARS	1216:1244	It is found that the application of ultrasonic helps to accelerate the electrocoagulation of ARS.
27562812	1	71	theme	alizarin	231:238	arg1	ARS					247:249	ARS	247:249	ARS	247:249	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	71	theme	alizarin	231:238	arg1	S					244:244	alizarin red S	231:244	alizarin red S (ARS)	231:250	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	0	72	theme	hydrogel	58:65	arg1	electrode					67:75	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	42:75	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment	42:132	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	4	73	theme	ARS	442:444	arg1	degradation					446:456	ARS degradation	442:456	ARS degradation	442:456	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	4	74	theme	novel	621:625	arg1	system					637:642	the novel electrode system	617:642	the novel electrode system	617:642	ARS degradation was optimal operation at initial pH 3 with O2.The experimental results showed that the COD removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 90 % when applying the novel electrode system.
27562812	1	75	theme	red	240:242	arg1	ARS					247:249	ARS	247:249	ARS	247:249	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	75	theme	red	240:242	arg1	S					244:244	alizarin red S	231:244	alizarin red S (ARS)	231:250	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	0	76	theme	composite	48:56	arg1	electrode					67:75	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode	42:75	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment	42:132	Electrolytic removal of alizarin red S by Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode for electrocoagulation toward a new wastewater treatment.
27562812	11	77	dep	flotation	1292:1300	arg1	the					1276:1278	the	1276:1278	the	1276:1278	This study not only realizes the ultrasonic, flotation, coagulation, and adsorption of the combination but also gains economy and environment.
27562812	8	78	theme	Fe/Al	960:964	arg1	electrodes					985:994	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	960:994	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	960:994	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	8	78	theme	Fe/Al	960:964	arg1	material					1021:1028	material	1021:1028	material	1021:1028	In addition, Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes are environment-friendly material, which reuse waste and reduce cost.
27562812	12	79	theme	electrodes	1455:1464	arg1	performance					1415:1425	the unique performance	1404:1425	the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes	1404:1464	Consequently, the unique performance of Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrodes opens promising perspectives for fast, high, and economical treatment of wastewater containing dyes or/and organic contaminants.
27562812	9	80	theme	certain	1079:1085	arg1	capacity					1101:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	certain iron exchange capacity	1079:1108	Hydrogel has certain iron exchange capacity to eliminate the residual metal irons.
27562812	1	81	theme	S	244:244	arg1	electrocoagulation					189:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation	154:206	Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC)	154:211	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	81	theme	S	244:244	arg1	EC					209:210	EC	209:210	EC	209:210	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
27562812	1	81	theme	S	244:244	arg1	adsorption					217:226	adsorption	217:226	adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS)	217:250	This paper studies Fe/Al composite hydrogel electrode electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption of alizarin red S (ARS).
24999272	8	0	theme	SF	1146:1147	arg1	conformation					1130:1141	β-sheet crystal conformation	1114:1141	β-sheet crystal conformation of SF	1114:1147	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	7	1	theme	SF/HAp	1012:1017	arg1	hydrogel					1029:1036	SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1012:1036	SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1012:1036	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel was performed using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis.
24999272	2	2	theme	nanoparticle	291:302	arg1	modification					271:282	Surface modification	263:282	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	263:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	4	3	theme	HAp	647:649	arg1	surface					636:642	surface	636:642	surface of HAp	636:649	It demonstrates that surface of HAp was well modified to a negative charge with HA-DA.
24999272	10	4	theme	HAp	1396:1398	arg1	nanoparticles					1400:1412	HAp nanoparticles	1396:1412	HAp nanoparticles	1396:1412	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	1	5	theme	different	206:214	arg1	contents					220:227	different HAp contents	206:227	different HAp contents (0-33 wt%)	206:238	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	1	5	theme	different	206:214	arg1	%					237:237	0-33 wt%	230:237	0-33 wt%	230:237	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	8	6	theme	HAp	1185:1187	arg1	content					1189:1195	the HAp content	1181:1195	the HAp content	1181:1195	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	8	7	theme	HAp	1236:1238	arg1	mixture					1218:1224	a mixture	1216:1224	a mixture of SF and HAp	1216:1238	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	6	8	theme	pore	956:959	arg1	wall					961:964	the pore wall	952:964	the pore wall of SF hydrogel	952:979	It was found that HAp nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the pore wall of SF hydrogel.
24999272	2	9	theme	hyaluronic	309:318	arg1	acid					320:323	hyaluronic acid	309:323	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	9	theme	hyaluronic	309:318	arg1	HA					326:327	HA	326:327	HA	326:327	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	5	10	theme	hydrogel	828:835	arg1	structure					815:823	pore structure	810:823	pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel	810:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	7	11	theme	X-ray	1058:1062	arg1	diffraction					1064:1074	X-ray diffraction	1058:1074	X-ray diffraction	1058:1074	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel was performed using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis.
24999272	5	12	theme	deposition	841:850	arg1	structure					815:823	pore structure	810:823	pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel	810:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	8	13	theme	mixture	1218:1224	arg1	gelation					1204:1211	gelation	1204:1211	gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp	1204:1238	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	3	14	theme	surface-modified	573:588	arg1	HAP					590:592	surface-modified HAP	573:592	surface-modified HAP	573:592	Zeta potential of surface-modified HAP was examined by ELS.
24999272	7	15	theme	Structural	982:991	arg1	characteristics					993:1007	Structural characteristics	982:1007	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel	982:1036	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel was performed using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis.
24999272	7	16	theme	hydrogel	1029:1036	arg1	characteristics					993:1007	Structural characteristics	982:1007	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel	982:1036	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel was performed using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis.
24999272	2	17	theme	Surface	263:269	arg1	modification					271:282	Surface modification	263:282	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	263:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	18	theme	SF	482:483	arg1	hydrogel					495:502	the SF composite hydrogel	478:502	the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside	478:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	0	19	theme	acid-dopamine	86:98	arg1	conjugate					100:108	hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate	75:108	hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate	75:108	Surface-modified silk hydrogel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate.
24999272	10	20	theme	high	1420:1423	arg1	potential					1425:1433	a high potential	1418:1433	a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold	1418:1463	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	4	21	theme	negative	674:681	arg1	charge					683:688	a negative charge	672:688	a negative charge with HA-DA	672:699	It demonstrates that surface of HAp was well modified to a negative charge with HA-DA.
24999272	9	22	theme	assay	1260:1264	arg1	ability					1333:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	9	22	theme	assay	1260:1264	arg1	result					1246:1251	a result	1244:1251	a result of MTT assay	1244:1264	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	6	23	theme	hydrogel	972:979	arg1	wall					961:964	the pore wall	952:964	the pore wall of SF hydrogel	952:979	It was found that HAp nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the pore wall of SF hydrogel.
24999272	2	24	theme	HAp	511:513	arg1	nanoparticles					515:527	HAp nanoparticles	511:527	HAp nanoparticles inside	511:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	25	theme	hydrogel	495:502	arg1	fabrication					463:473	fabrication	463:473	fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside	463:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	10	26	theme	regeneration	1443:1454	arg1	scaffold					1456:1463	bone regeneration scaffold	1438:1463	bone regeneration scaffold	1438:1463	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	5	27	theme	SF	729:730	arg1	hydrogel					732:739	SF hydrogel	729:739	SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp	729:771	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	9	28	theme	composite	1278:1286	arg1	hydrogel					1288:1295	the SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1267:1295	the SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1267:1295	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	1	29	theme	Silk	111:114	arg1	hydrogels					158:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	2	30	theme	charged	432:438	arg1	surface					440:446	its negatively charged surface	417:446	its negatively charged surface	417:446	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	0	31	theme	Surface-modified	0:15	arg1	hydrogel					22:29	Surface-modified silk hydrogel	0:29	Surface-modified silk hydrogel	0:29	Surface-modified silk hydrogel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate.
24999272	9	32	theme	cell	1314:1317	arg1	ability					1333:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	9	32	theme	cell	1314:1317	arg1	result					1246:1251	a result	1244:1251	a result of MTT assay	1244:1264	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	2	33	theme	SF	398:399	arg1	solution					401:408	aqueous SF solution	390:408	aqueous SF solution	390:408	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	8	34	theme	SF	1229:1230	arg1	mixture					1218:1224	a mixture	1216:1224	a mixture of SF and HAp	1216:1238	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	0	35	theme	hydroxyapatite	42:55	arg1	nanoparticle					57:68	hydroxyapatite nanoparticle	42:68	hydroxyapatite nanoparticle	42:68	Surface-modified silk hydrogel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate.
24999272	2	36	theme	DA	340:341	arg1	conjugate					344:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	37	theme	-dopamine	329:337	arg1	conjugate					344:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	5	38	theme	HAp	855:857	arg1	nanoparticle					859:870	HAp nanoparticle	855:870	HAp nanoparticle	855:870	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	1	39	theme	SF	243:244	arg1	hydrogel					253:260	SF matrix hydrogel	243:260	SF matrix hydrogel	243:260	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	8	40	theme	crystal	1122:1128	arg1	conformation					1130:1141	β-sheet crystal conformation	1114:1141	β-sheet crystal conformation of SF	1114:1147	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	6	41	theme	HAp	906:908	arg1	nanoparticles					910:922	HAp nanoparticles	906:922	HAp nanoparticles	906:922	It was found that HAp nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the pore wall of SF hydrogel.
24999272	4	42	with	charge	683:688	arg1	HA-DA					695:699	HA-DA	695:699	HA-DA	695:699	It demonstrates that surface of HAp was well modified to a negative charge with HA-DA.
24999272	10	43	contain	containing	1385:1394	arg1	hydrogel					1376:1383	SF hydrogel	1373:1383	SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles	1373:1412	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	10	43	contain	containing	1385:1394	arg2	nanoparticles					1400:1412	HAp nanoparticles	1396:1412	HAp nanoparticles	1396:1412	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	2	44	dep	nanoparticles	515:527	arg1	inside					529:534	inside	529:534	inside	529:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	45	theme	HAp	287:289	arg1	nanoparticle					291:302	HAp nanoparticle	287:302	HAp nanoparticle	287:302	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	1	46	theme	HAp	216:218	arg1	contents					220:227	different HAp contents	206:227	different HAp contents (0-33 wt%)	206:238	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	1	46	theme	HAp	216:218	arg1	%					237:237	0-33 wt%	230:237	0-33 wt%	230:237	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	7	47	theme	FT-IR	1080:1084	arg1	analysis					1086:1093	FT-IR analysis	1080:1093	FT-IR analysis	1080:1093	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel was performed using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis.
24999272	3	48	theme	Zeta	555:558	arg1	potential					560:568	Zeta potential	555:568	Zeta potential of surface-modified HAP	555:592	Zeta potential of surface-modified HAP was examined by ELS.
24999272	5	49	theme	nanoparticle	859:870	arg1	deposition					841:850	deposition	841:850	deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel	841:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	49	theme	nanoparticle	859:870	arg1	hydrogel					828:835	hydrogel	828:835	hydrogel	828:835	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	10	50	theme	SF	1373:1374	arg1	hydrogel					1376:1383	SF hydrogel	1373:1383	SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles	1373:1412	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	2	51	theme	acid	320:323	arg1	conjugate					344:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	3	52	theme	HAP	590:592	arg1	potential					560:568	Zeta potential	555:568	Zeta potential of surface-modified HAP	555:592	Zeta potential of surface-modified HAP was examined by ELS.
24999272	1	53	theme	wt	235:236	arg1	contents					220:227	different HAp contents	206:227	different HAp contents (0-33 wt%)	206:238	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	1	53	theme	wt	235:236	arg1	%					237:237	0-33 wt%	230:237	0-33 wt%	230:237	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	5	54	from	deposition	841:850	arg1	hydrogel					878:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	1	55	theme	composite	148:156	arg1	hydrogels					158:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	2	56	with	modification	271:282	arg1	conjugate					344:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	309:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	7	57	theme	composite	1019:1027	arg1	hydrogel					1029:1036	SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1012:1036	SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1012:1036	Structural characteristics of SF/HAp composite hydrogel was performed using X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis.
24999272	5	58	from	hydrogel	828:835	arg1	hydrogel					878:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	59	theme	hydrogel	732:739	arg1	structure					716:724	Morphological structure	702:724	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp	702:771	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	60	theme	SF	875:876	arg1	hydrogel					878:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	61	theme	surface-modified	752:767	arg1	HAp					769:771	surface-modified HAp	752:771	surface-modified HAp	752:771	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	9	62	theme	MTT	1256:1258	arg1	assay					1260:1264	MTT assay	1256:1264	MTT assay	1256:1264	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	2	63	mod	modification	271:282	arg1	nanoparticle					291:302	HAp nanoparticle	287:302	HAp nanoparticle	287:302	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	63	mod	modification	271:282	arg3	Surface					263:269	Surface modification	263:282	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate	263:352	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	10	64	contain	has	1414:1416	arg1	hydrogel					1376:1383	SF hydrogel	1373:1383	SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles	1373:1412	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	10	64	contain	has	1414:1416	arg2	potential					1425:1433	a high potential	1418:1433	a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold	1418:1463	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	5	65	contain	containing	741:750	arg2	HAp					769:771	surface-modified HAp	752:771	surface-modified HAp	752:771	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	65	contain	containing	741:750	arg1	hydrogel					732:739	SF hydrogel	729:739	SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp	729:771	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	66	theme	Morphological	702:714	arg1	structure					716:724	Morphological structure	702:724	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp	702:771	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	6	67	theme	SF	969:970	arg1	hydrogel					972:979	SF hydrogel	969:979	SF hydrogel	969:979	It was found that HAp nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the pore wall of SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	68	from	structure	815:823	arg1	hydrogel					878:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	SF hydrogel	875:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	5	69	from	hydrogel	878:885	arg1	structure					815:823	pore structure	810:823	pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel	810:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	2	70	theme	composite	485:493	arg1	hydrogel					495:502	the SF composite hydrogel	478:502	the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside	478:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	10	71	theme	bone	1438:1441	arg1	scaffold					1456:1463	bone regeneration scaffold	1438:1463	bone regeneration scaffold	1438:1463	Therefore, it is expected that SF hydrogel containing HAp nanoparticles has a high potential as bone regeneration scaffold.
24999272	2	72	theme	HAp	383:385	arg1	dispersibility					365:378	a dispersibility	363:378	a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution	363:408	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	0	73	theme	silk	17:20	arg1	hydrogel					22:29	Surface-modified silk hydrogel	0:29	Surface-modified silk hydrogel	0:29	Surface-modified silk hydrogel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate.
24999272	1	74	theme	fibroin/hydroxyapatite	116:137	arg1	hydrogels					158:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	9	75	theme	SF/HAp	1271:1276	arg1	hydrogel					1288:1295	the SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1267:1295	the SF/HAp composite hydrogel	1267:1295	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	5	76	theme	pore	810:813	arg1	structure					815:823	pore structure	810:823	pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel	810:885	Morphological structure of SF hydrogel containing surface-modified HAp was examined by FE-SEM for analyzing pore structure of hydrogel and deposition of HAp nanoparticle in SF hydrogel.
24999272	9	77	theme	excellent	1304:1312	arg1	ability					1333:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	9	77	theme	excellent	1304:1312	arg1	result					1246:1251	a result	1244:1251	a result of MTT assay	1244:1264	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	1	78	theme	SF/HAp	140:145	arg1	hydrogels					158:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels	111:166	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
24999272	9	79	theme	proliferation	1319:1331	arg1	ability					1333:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	excellent cell proliferation ability	1304:1339	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	9	79	theme	proliferation	1319:1331	arg1	result					1246:1251	a result	1244:1251	a result of MTT assay	1244:1264	As a result of MTT assay, the SF/HAp composite hydrogel showed excellent cell proliferation ability.
24999272	2	80	theme	aqueous	390:396	arg1	solution					401:408	aqueous SF solution	390:408	aqueous SF solution	390:408	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	0	81	theme	hyaluronic	75:84	arg1	conjugate					100:108	hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate	75:108	hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate	75:108	Surface-modified silk hydrogel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid-dopamine conjugate.
24999272	2	82	from	dispersibility	365:378	arg1	solution					401:408	aqueous SF solution	390:408	aqueous SF solution	390:408	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	8	83	theme	β-sheet	1114:1120	arg1	conformation					1130:1141	β-sheet crystal conformation	1114:1141	β-sheet crystal conformation of SF	1114:1147	It was found that β-sheet crystal conformation of SF was significantly influenced by the HAp content during gelation of a mixture of SF and HAp.
24999272	2	84	contain	having	504:509	arg1	hydrogel					495:502	the SF composite hydrogel	478:502	the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside	478:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	2	84	contain	having	504:509	arg2	nanoparticles					515:527	HAp nanoparticles	511:527	HAp nanoparticles inside	511:534	Surface modification of HAp nanoparticle with hyaluronic acid (HA)-dopamine (DA) conjugate improved a dispersibility of HAp in aqueous SF solution due to its negatively charged surface and therefore, fabrication of the SF composite hydrogel having HAp nanoparticles inside could be possible.
24999272	1	85	theme	matrix	246:251	arg1	hydrogel					253:260	SF matrix hydrogel	243:260	SF matrix hydrogel	243:260	Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (SF/HAp) composite hydrogels were fabricated in this study, having different HAp contents (0-33 wt%) in SF matrix hydrogel.
26560425	4	0	theme	PP	690:691	arg1	p=0.0033					700:707	p=0.0033	700:707	p=0.0033	700:707	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	0	theme	PP	690:691	arg1	group					693:697	the PP group	686:697	the PP group (p=0.0033)	686:708	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	3	1	theme	protein	493:499	arg1	levels					523:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	4	2	dep	proportional	565:576	arg1	proportional					565:576	proportional	565:576	proportional	565:576	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	2	dep	proportional	565:576	arg1	RESULTS					531:537	RESULTS	531:537	RESULTS	531:537	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	2	dep	proportional	565:576	arg1	response					552:559	The systemic response	539:559	The systemic response	539:559	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	1	3	theme	deacetylation	276:288	arg1	degree					266:271	a degree	264:271	a degree of deacetylation of 95%	264:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	2	4	theme	Blood	306:310	arg1	samples					312:318	METHODS Blood samples	298:318	METHODS Blood samples	298:318	METHODS Blood samples were collected 24 hours before, and two and seven days after surgery.
26560425	4	5	theme	inflammatory	650:661	arg1	higher					676:681	higher	676:681	higher	676:681	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	5	theme	inflammatory	650:661	arg1	response					663:670	the tissue inflammatory response	639:670	the tissue inflammatory response	639:670	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	6	theme	composite	585:593	arg1	response					595:602	the composite response	581:602	the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh	581:632	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	2	7	theme	METHODS	298:304	arg1	samples					312:318	METHODS Blood samples	298:318	METHODS Blood samples	298:318	METHODS Blood samples were collected 24 hours before, and two and seven days after surgery.
26560425	3	8	theme	globulin	514:521	arg1	levels					523:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	1	9	theme	intraperitoneal	172:186	arg1	implantation					188:199	the intraperitoneal implantation	168:199	the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%	168:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	5	10	theme	polypropylene	726:738	arg1	composite					765:773	The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite	722:773	The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite	722:773	CONCLUSION The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.
26560425	5	11	from	response	801:808	arg1	pigs					813:816	pigs	813:816	pigs	813:816	CONCLUSION The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.
26560425	3	12	theme	Systemic	390:397	arg1	reactions					399:407	Systemic reactions	390:407	Systemic reactions	390:407	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	3	13	theme	cell	445:448	arg1	count					450:454	white blood cell count	433:454	white blood cell count	433:454	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	0	14	theme	systemic	6:13	arg1	response					15:22	Acute systemic response	0:22	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene	0:71	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite in pigs.
26560425	4	15	theme	systemic	543:550	arg1	proportional					565:576	proportional	565:576	proportional	565:576	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	15	theme	systemic	543:550	arg1	RESULTS					531:537	RESULTS	531:537	RESULTS	531:537	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	15	theme	systemic	543:550	arg1	response					552:559	The systemic response	539:559	The systemic response	539:559	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	0	16	theme	Acute	0:4	arg1	response					15:22	Acute systemic response	0:22	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene	0:71	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite in pigs.
26560425	1	17	theme	%	295:295	arg1	deacetylation					276:288	deacetylation	276:288	deacetylation of 95%	276:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	2	18	dep	hours	338:342	arg1	days					370:373	, and two and seven days	350:373	, and two and seven days after surgery	350:387	METHODS Blood samples were collected 24 hours before, and two and seven days after surgery.
26560425	1	19	theme	polypropylene	204:216	arg1	mesh					218:221	polypropylene mesh	204:221	polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%	204:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	1	20	theme	mesh	218:221	arg1	implantation					188:199	the intraperitoneal implantation	168:199	the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%	168:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	3	21	theme	protein	468:474	arg1	levels					523:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	5	22	theme	mesh/chitosan-based	740:758	arg1	composite					765:773	The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite	722:773	The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite	722:773	CONCLUSION The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.
26560425	3	23	theme	white	433:437	arg1	count					450:454	white blood cell count	433:454	white blood cell count	433:454	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	3	24	theme	count	450:454	arg1	levels					523:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	0	25	theme	intraperitoneal	27:41	arg1	implantation					43:54	intraperitoneal implantation	27:54	intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene	27:71	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite in pigs.
26560425	1	26	theme	chitosan-based	239:252	arg1	film					254:257	chitosan-based film	239:257	chitosan-based film	239:257	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	0	27	theme	polypropylene	59:71	arg1	implantation					43:54	intraperitoneal implantation	27:54	intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene	27:71	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite in pigs.
26560425	3	28	theme	blood	439:443	arg1	count					450:454	white blood cell count	433:454	white blood cell count	433:454	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	3	29	theme	total	481:485	arg1	protein					493:499	total serum protein	481:499	total serum protein	481:499	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	5	30	theme	systemic	792:799	arg1	response					801:808	a systemic response	790:808	a systemic response in pigs	790:816	CONCLUSION The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.
26560425	3	31	theme	serum	487:491	arg1	protein					493:499	total serum protein	481:499	total serum protein	481:499	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	1	32	theme	systemic	139:146	arg1	response					148:155	the systemic response	135:155	the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%	135:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
26560425	5	33	dep	CONCLUSION	711:720	arg1	elicit					783:788	elicit	783:788	did not elicit a systemic response in pigs	775:816	CONCLUSION The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.
26560425	0	34	theme	film	93:96	arg1	composite					98:106	film composite	93:106	film composite	93:106	Acute systemic response to intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite in pigs.
26560425	3	35	theme	C-reactive	457:466	arg1	protein					468:474	C-reactive protein	457:474	C-reactive protein	457:474	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	3	36	theme	albumin	502:508	arg1	levels					523:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels	433:528	Systemic reactions were evaluated based on white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and total serum protein, albumin and globulin levels.
26560425	4	37	theme	tissue	643:648	arg1	higher					676:681	higher	676:681	higher	676:681	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	37	theme	tissue	643:648	arg1	response					663:670	the tissue inflammatory response	639:670	the tissue inflammatory response	639:670	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	4	38	theme	polypropylene	615:627	arg1	mesh					629:632	polypropylene mesh	615:632	polypropylene mesh	615:632	RESULTS The systemic response was proportional to the composite response induced by polypropylene mesh, and the tissue inflammatory response was higher in the PP group (p=0.0033).
26560425	5	39	theme	film	760:763	arg1	composite					765:773	The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite	722:773	The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite	722:773	CONCLUSION The polypropylene mesh/chitosan-based film composite did not elicit a systemic response in pigs.
26560425	1	40	theme	pigs	160:163	arg1	response					148:155	the systemic response	135:155	the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%	135:295	PURPOSE To assess the systemic response of pigs to the intraperitoneal implantation of polypropylene mesh associated with chitosan-based film with a degree of deacetylation of 95%.
29351425	7	0	theme	energy	923:928	arg1	intake					930:935	daily energy intake	917:935	daily energy intake	917:935	Diet did not affect daily energy intake or insulin sensitivity.
29351425	11	1	theme	pathway	1311:1317	arg1	glycation					1323:1331	glycation	1323:1331	glycation of leptin signaling proteins	1323:1360	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	11	1	theme	pathway	1311:1317	arg1	activity					1271:1278	activity	1271:1278	activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway	1271:1317	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	11	2	theme	proteins	1353:1360	arg1	glycation					1323:1331	glycation	1323:1331	glycation of leptin signaling proteins	1323:1360	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	11	2	theme	proteins	1353:1360	arg1	activity					1271:1278	activity	1271:1278	activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway	1271:1317	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	3	3	theme	NS	435:436	arg1	diet					438:441	the NS diet	431:441	the NS diet	431:441	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	3	3	theme	NS	435:436	arg1	LS					467:468	LS	467:468	LS	467:468	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	5	4	theme	food	697:700	arg1	intake					702:707	food intake	697:707	food intake	697:707	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	8	5	from	fat	996:998	arg1	rats					1014:1017	the female rats	1003:1017	the female rats	1003:1017	There was a small increase in body fat in the female rats.
29351425	10	6	theme	metabolic	1187:1195	arg1	impact					1197:1202	the metabolic impact	1183:1202	the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose	1183:1222	This rapid reversal suggested that leptin resistance was associated with the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose.
29351425	1	7	theme	leptin	162:167	arg1	resistance					169:178	leptin resistance	162:178	leptin resistance	162:178	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	9	8	from	sucrose	1085:1091	arg1	withdrawal					1069:1078	withdrawal	1069:1078	withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats	1069:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	9	8	from	sucrose	1085:1091	arg1	days					1061:1064	5 days	1059:1064	5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats	1059:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	2	9	theme	leptin	260:265	arg1	resistance					267:276	the leptin resistance	256:276	the leptin resistance	256:276	This study tested whether the leptin resistance was dependent on the physical form of the sucrose.
29351425	2	9	theme	leptin	260:265	arg1	dependent					282:290	dependent	282:290	dependent	282:290	This study tested whether the leptin resistance was dependent on the physical form of the sucrose.
29351425	9	10	from	withdrawal	1069:1078	arg1	rats					1104:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	6	11	theme	dark	774:777	arg1	periods					779:785	light and dark periods	764:785	light and dark periods	764:785	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	9	12	theme	Leptin	1020:1025	arg1	sensitivity					1027:1037	Leptin sensitivity	1020:1037	Leptin sensitivity	1020:1037	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	5	13	theme	inhibitory	640:649	arg1	effect					651:656	the inhibitory effect	636:656	the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake	636:707	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	5	14	theme	leptin	687:692	arg1	effect					651:656	the inhibitory effect	636:656	the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake	636:707	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	12	15	theme	leptin	1727:1732	arg1	resistance					1734:1743	adipocyte leptin resistance	1717:1743	adipocyte leptin resistance	1717:1743	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	6	16	theme	light	764:768	arg1	periods					779:785	light and dark periods	764:785	light and dark periods	764:785	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	6	17	theme	sucrose	749:755	arg1	meals					740:744	small, frequent meals	724:744	small, frequent meals of sucrose	724:755	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	1	18	theme	%	115:115	arg1	solution					125:132	30% sucrose solution	113:132	30% sucrose solution	113:132	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	4	19	theme	carbohydrate	533:544	arg1	intake					546:551	total carbohydrate intake	527:551	total carbohydrate intake	527:551	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	0	20	theme	resistance	59:68	arg1	development					37:47	development	37:47	development of leptin resistance in male and female rats	37:92	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	12	21	theme	LS	1463:1464	arg1	rats					1466:1469	female LS rats	1456:1469	female LS rats	1456:1469	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	11	22	theme	biosynthetic	1298:1309	arg1	pathway					1311:1317	the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway	1283:1317	the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway	1283:1317	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	0	23	theme	male	73:76	arg1	rats					89:92	male and female rats	73:92	male and female rats	73:92	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	9	24	theme	withdrawal	1069:1078	arg1	days					1061:1064	5 days	1059:1064	5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats	1059:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	10	25	theme	sucrose	1216:1222	arg1	impact					1197:1202	the metabolic impact	1183:1202	the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose	1183:1222	This rapid reversal suggested that leptin resistance was associated with the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose.
29351425	0	26	theme	female	82:87	arg1	rats					89:92	male and female rats	73:92	male and female rats	73:92	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	6	27	theme	HS	796:797	arg1	rats					799:802	HS rats	796:802	HS rats	796:802	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	6	28	dep	period	855:860	arg1	the					831:833	the	831:833	the	831:833	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	6	28	dep	period	855:860	arg1	dark					835:838	dark	835:838	dark	835:838	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	9	29	theme	male	1096:1099	arg1	rats					1104:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	5	30	theme	LS	610:611	arg1	rats					613:616	LS rats	610:616	LS rats	610:616	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	3	31	theme	Sprague-Dawley	329:342	arg1	rats					344:347	Sprague-Dawley rats	329:347	Sprague-Dawley rats	329:347	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	0	32	theme	dietary	10:16	arg1	sucrose					18:24	dietary sucrose	10:24	dietary sucrose	10:24	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	12	33	theme	increased	1616:1624	arg1	utilization					1644:1654	increased adipocyte glucose utilization	1616:1654	increased adipocyte glucose utilization	1616:1654	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	1	34	theme	Male	95:98	arg1	rats					100:103	Male rats	95:103	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow	95:152	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	6	35	theme	light	849:853	arg1	period					855:860	the light period	845:860	the light period	845:860	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	12	36	theme	glucose	1636:1642	arg1	utilization					1644:1654	increased adipocyte glucose utilization	1616:1654	increased adipocyte glucose utilization	1616:1654	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	12	37	theme	body	1587:1590	arg1	fat					1592:1594	body fat	1587:1594	body fat	1587:1594	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	11	38	theme	LS	1380:1381	arg1	rats					1383:1386	LS rats	1380:1386	LS rats	1380:1386	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	4	39	theme	Sucrose	472:478	arg1	intake					480:485	Sucrose intake	472:485	Sucrose intake of LS rats	472:496	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	12	40	theme	significant	1562:1572	arg1	increase					1575:1582	the small, but significant, increase	1547:1582	the small, but significant, increase in body fat	1547:1594	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	6	41	dep	drank	718:722	arg1	whereas					788:794	whereas	788:794	whereas	788:794	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	7	42	theme	daily	917:921	arg1	intake					930:935	daily energy intake	917:935	daily energy intake	917:935	Diet did not affect daily energy intake or insulin sensitivity.
29351425	6	43	theme	LS	710:711	arg1	rats					713:716	LS rats	710:716	LS rats	710:716	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	1	44	theme	body	220:223	arg1	fat					225:227	body fat	220:227	body fat	220:227	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	8	45	from	increase	979:986	arg1	fat					996:998	body fat	991:998	body fat in the female rats	991:1017	There was a small increase in body fat in the female rats.
29351425	6	46	theme	small	724:728	arg1	meals					740:744	small, frequent meals	724:744	small, frequent meals of sucrose	724:755	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	12	47	theme	access	1511:1516	arg1	days					1503:1506	18 days	1500:1506	18 days of access to sucrose solution	1500:1536	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	4	48	theme	HS	514:515	arg1	rats					517:520	HS rats	514:520	HS rats	514:520	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	3	49	theme	sucrose	449:455	arg1	solution					457:464	30% sucrose solution	445:464	30% sucrose solution	445:464	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	8	50	theme	small	973:977	arg1	increase					979:986	a small increase	971:986	a small increase in body fat in the female rats	971:1017	There was a small increase in body fat in the female rats.
29351425	12	51	theme	sucrose	1521:1527	arg1	solution					1529:1536	sucrose solution	1521:1536	sucrose solution	1521:1536	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	11	52	theme	leptin	1336:1341	arg1	proteins					1353:1360	leptin signaling proteins	1336:1360	leptin signaling proteins	1336:1360	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	11	53	theme	signaling	1343:1351	arg1	proteins					1353:1360	leptin signaling proteins	1336:1360	leptin signaling proteins	1336:1360	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	3	54	theme	30	445:446	arg1	%					447:447	%	447:447	%	447:447	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	4	55	theme	rats	493:496	arg1	intake					480:485	Sucrose intake	472:485	Sucrose intake of LS rats	472:496	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	3	56	theme	HS	418:419	arg1	diet					422:425	sucrose (HS) diet	409:425	sucrose (HS) diet	409:425	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	5	57	theme	administered	674:685	arg1	leptin					687:692	peripherally administered leptin	661:692	peripherally administered leptin	661:692	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	5	58	dep	male	594:597	arg1	rats					613:616	LS rats	610:616	LS rats	610:616	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	8	59	theme	body	991:994	arg1	fat					996:998	body fat	991:998	body fat in the female rats	991:1017	There was a small increase in body fat in the female rats.
29351425	1	60	from	increase	191:198	arg1	intake					210:215	energy intake	203:215	energy intake	203:215	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	1	60	from	increase	191:198	arg1	fat					225:227	body fat	220:227	body fat	220:227	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	12	61	theme	adipocyte	1717:1725	arg1	resistance					1734:1743	adipocyte leptin resistance	1717:1743	adipocyte leptin resistance	1717:1743	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	1	62	theme	30	113:114	arg1	%					115:115	%	115:115	%	115:115	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	4	63	theme	HS	570:571	arg1	rats					573:576	HS rats	570:576	HS rats	570:576	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	1	64	theme	sucrose	117:123	arg1	solution					125:132	30% sucrose solution	113:132	30% sucrose solution	113:132	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	4	65	theme	total	527:531	arg1	intake					546:551	total carbohydrate intake	527:551	total carbohydrate intake	527:551	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	11	66	theme	hexosamine	1287:1296	arg1	pathway					1311:1317	the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway	1283:1317	the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway	1283:1317	An experiment was carried out to test whether activity of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and glycation of leptin signaling proteins were increased in LS rats, but the results were equivocal.
29351425	12	67	theme	female	1456:1461	arg1	rats					1466:1469	female LS rats	1456:1469	female LS rats	1456:1469	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	6	68	theme	more	813:816	arg1	meals					818:822	more meals	813:822	more meals	813:822	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	3	69	theme	%	447:447	arg1	solution					457:464	30% sucrose solution	445:464	30% sucrose solution	445:464	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	10	70	theme	drinking	1207:1214	arg1	sucrose					1216:1222	drinking sucrose	1207:1222	drinking sucrose	1207:1222	This rapid reversal suggested that leptin resistance was associated with the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose.
29351425	5	71	from	effect	651:656	arg1	intake					702:707	food intake	697:707	food intake	697:707	After 33 days, male and female LS rats were resistant to the inhibitory effect of peripherally administered leptin on food intake.
29351425	12	72	theme	insulin	1660:1666	arg1	responsiveness					1668:1681	insulin responsiveness	1660:1681	insulin responsiveness	1660:1681	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	12	73	theme	final	1423:1427	arg1	experiment					1429:1438	A final experiment	1421:1438	A final experiment	1421:1438	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	0	74	from	development	37:47	arg1	rats					89:92	male and female rats	73:92	male and female rats	73:92	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	3	75	dep	sucrose-free	364:375	arg1	NS					378:379	NS	378:379	NS	378:379	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	9	76	theme	LS	1101:1102	arg1	rats					1104:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	9	77	from	rats	1104:1107	arg1	days					1061:1064	5 days	1059:1064	5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats	1059:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	0	78	theme	sucrose	18:24	arg1	Source					0:5	Source	0:5	Source of dietary sucrose	0:24	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	12	79	theme	adipocyte	1626:1634	arg1	utilization					1644:1654	increased adipocyte glucose utilization	1616:1654	increased adipocyte glucose utilization	1616:1654	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	3	80	theme	energy	399:404	arg1	diet					382:385	a sucrose-free (NS) diet	362:385	a sucrose-free (NS) diet	362:385	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	3	80	theme	energy	399:404	arg1	solution					457:464	30% sucrose solution	445:464	30% sucrose solution	445:464	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	3	80	theme	energy	399:404	arg1	diet					438:441	the NS diet	431:441	the NS diet	431:441	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	3	80	theme	energy	399:404	arg1	%					394:394	a 66.6%	388:394	a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet	388:425	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	3	80	theme	energy	399:404	arg1	LS					467:468	LS	467:468	LS	467:468	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	3	80	theme	energy	399:404	arg1	energy					399:404	energy	399:404	energy as sucrose (HS) diet	399:425	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	7	81	theme	insulin	940:946	arg1	sensitivity					948:958	insulin sensitivity	940:958	insulin sensitivity	940:958	Diet did not affect daily energy intake or insulin sensitivity.
29351425	4	82	theme	LS	490:491	arg1	rats					493:496	LS rats	490:496	LS rats	490:496	Sucrose intake of LS rats equaled that of HS rats, but total carbohydrate intake exceeded that of HS rats.
29351425	10	83	theme	rapid	1115:1119	arg1	reversal					1121:1128	This rapid reversal	1110:1128	This rapid reversal	1110:1128	This rapid reversal suggested that leptin resistance was associated with the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose.
29351425	0	84	theme	leptin	52:57	arg1	resistance					59:68	leptin resistance	52:68	leptin resistance	52:68	Source of dietary sucrose influences development of leptin resistance in male and female rats.
29351425	3	85	theme	sucrose-free	364:375	arg1	diet					382:385	a sucrose-free (NS) diet	362:385	a sucrose-free (NS) diet	362:385	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	1	86	dep	chow	149:152	arg1	addition					137:144	addition	137:144	addition	137:144	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	2	87	theme	physical	299:306	arg1	form					308:311	the physical form	295:311	the physical form of the sucrose	295:326	This study tested whether the leptin resistance was dependent on the physical form of the sucrose.
29351425	12	88	from	increase	1575:1582	arg1	fat					1592:1594	body fat	1587:1594	body fat	1587:1594	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	10	89	theme	leptin	1145:1150	arg1	resistance					1152:1161	leptin resistance	1145:1161	leptin resistance	1145:1161	This rapid reversal suggested that leptin resistance was associated with the metabolic impact of drinking sucrose.
29351425	3	90	theme	sucrose	409:415	arg1	diet					422:425	sucrose (HS) diet	409:425	sucrose (HS) diet	409:425	Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a sucrose-free (NS) diet, a 66.6% of energy as sucrose (HS) diet, or the NS diet + 30% sucrose solution (LS).
29351425	8	91	theme	female	1007:1012	arg1	rats					1014:1017	the female rats	1003:1017	the female rats	1003:1017	There was a small increase in body fat in the female rats.
29351425	1	92	theme	energy	203:208	arg1	intake					210:215	energy intake	203:215	energy intake	203:215	Male rats offered 30% sucrose solution in addition to chow develop leptin resistance without an increase in energy intake or body fat.
29351425	12	93	theme	small	1551:1555	arg1	increase					1575:1582	the small, but significant, increase	1547:1582	the small, but significant, increase in body fat	1547:1594	A final experiment determined that female LS rats were leptin-resistant within 18 days of access to sucrose solution and that the small, but significant, increase in body fat was associated with increased adipocyte glucose utilization and insulin responsiveness, which may have been secondary to adipocyte leptin resistance.
29351425	6	94	dep	small	724:728	arg1	frequent					731:738	frequent	731:738	frequent	731:738	LS rats drank small, frequent meals of sucrose during light and dark periods, whereas HS rats consumed more meals during the dark than the light period and remained responsive to leptin.
29351425	9	95	from	days	1061:1064	arg1	rats					1104:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	male LS rats	1096:1107	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	9	95	from	days	1061:1064	arg1	sucrose					1085:1091	sucrose	1085:1091	sucrose	1085:1091	Leptin sensitivity was restored within 5 days of withdrawal from sucrose in male LS rats.
29351425	2	96	theme	sucrose	320:326	arg1	form					308:311	the physical form	295:311	the physical form of the sucrose	295:326	This study tested whether the leptin resistance was dependent on the physical form of the sucrose.
24721086	3	0	theme	pure	568:571	arg1	film					595:598	the pure regenerated cellulose film	564:598	the pure regenerated cellulose film	564:598	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	5	1	theme	scanning	731:738	arg1	microscopy					749:758	scanning electron microscopy	731:758	scanning electron microscopy	731:758	The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that zeolite was uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose matrix.
24721086	1	2	dep	films	128:132	arg1	incorporated					174:185	incorporated	174:185	incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations	174:226	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	1	2	dep	films	128:132	arg1	based					134:138	based	134:138	based on regenerated cellulose (RC)	134:168	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	6	3	theme	cytotoxicity	887:898	arg1	test					900:903	In vitro cytotoxicity test	878:903	In vitro cytotoxicity test	878:903	In vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated that both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films are cytocompatible.
24721086	5	4	theme	electron	740:747	arg1	microscopy					749:758	scanning electron microscopy	731:758	scanning electron microscopy	731:758	The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that zeolite was uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose matrix.
24721086	7	5	theme	biomedical	1112:1121	arg1	areas					1123:1127	biomedical areas	1112:1127	biomedical areas	1112:1127	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	4	6	theme	thermal	671:677	arg1	stability					679:687	thermal stability	671:687	thermal stability	671:687	Zeolite incorporation enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of the nanocomposites.
24721086	1	7	theme	ionic	317:321	arg1	EMIMCl					309:314	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid	271:328	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method	271:356	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	7	8	from	applications	1057:1068	arg1	membranes					1098:1106	membranes	1098:1106	membranes	1098:1106	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	7	8	from	applications	1057:1068	arg1	areas					1123:1127	biomedical areas	1112:1127	biomedical areas	1112:1127	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	7	8	from	applications	1057:1068	arg1	packaging					1087:1095	biodegradable packaging	1073:1095	biodegradable packaging	1073:1095	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	3	9	theme	Mechanical	475:484	arg1	properties					486:495	Mechanical properties	475:495	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films	475:522	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	7	10	theme	biodegradable	1073:1085	arg1	packaging					1087:1095	biodegradable packaging	1073:1095	biodegradable packaging	1073:1095	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	5	11	theme	regenerated	848:858	arg1	matrix					870:875	the regenerated cellulose matrix	844:875	the regenerated cellulose matrix	844:875	The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that zeolite was uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose matrix.
24721086	1	12	theme	Bionanocomposite	111:126	arg1	films					128:132	Bionanocomposite films	111:132	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations	111:226	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	1	13	theme	different	203:211	arg1	concentrations					213:226	different concentrations	203:226	different concentrations	203:226	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	1	14	theme	liquid	323:328	arg1	EMIMCl					309:314	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid	271:328	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method	271:356	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	4	15	dep	stability	679:687	arg1	the					667:669	the	667:669	the	667:669	Zeolite incorporation enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of the nanocomposites.
24721086	6	16	theme	In	878:879	arg1	test					900:903	In vitro cytotoxicity test	878:903	In vitro cytotoxicity test	878:903	In vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated that both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films are cytocompatible.
24721086	0	17	theme	regenerated	21:31	arg1	regenerated					21:31	regenerated	21:31	regenerated	21:31	Bionanocomposites of regenerated cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent.
24721086	0	17	theme	regenerated	21:31	arg1	Bionanocomposites					0:16	Bionanocomposites	0:16	Bionanocomposites of regenerated	0:31	Bionanocomposites of regenerated cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent.
24721086	4	18	theme	Zeolite	636:642	arg1	incorporation					644:656	Zeolite incorporation	636:656	Zeolite incorporation	636:656	Zeolite incorporation enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of the nanocomposites.
24721086	3	19	theme	extensibility	621:633	arg1	loss					613:616	the loss	609:616	the loss of extensibility	609:633	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	6	20	dep	In	878:879	arg1	vitro					881:885	vitro	881:885	vitro	881:885	In vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated that both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films are cytocompatible.
24721086	1	21	theme	simple	338:343	arg1	method					351:356	a simple green method	336:356	a simple green method	336:356	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	3	22	theme	nanocomposite	504:516	arg1	films					518:522	the nanocomposite films	500:522	the nanocomposite films	500:522	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	7	23	contain	have	1042:1045	arg1	nanocomposites					1027:1040	the prepared nanocomposites	1014:1040	the prepared nanocomposites	1014:1040	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	7	23	contain	have	1042:1045	arg2	applications					1057:1068	potential applications	1047:1068	potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas	1047:1127	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	1	24	theme	green	345:349	arg1	method					351:356	a simple green method	336:356	a simple green method	336:356	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	2	25	dep	transform	447:455	arg1	infrared					457:464	infrared	457:464	transform infrared spectra	447:472	The interactions between the zeolite and the cellulose matrix were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra.
24721086	3	26	theme	films	518:522	arg1	properties					486:495	Mechanical properties	475:495	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films	475:522	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	0	27	theme	benign	82:87	arg1	solvent					102:108	environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	66:108	environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	66:108	Bionanocomposites of regenerated cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent.
24721086	5	28	theme	cellulose	860:868	arg1	matrix					870:875	the regenerated cellulose matrix	844:875	the regenerated cellulose matrix	844:875	The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that zeolite was uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose matrix.
24721086	1	29	theme	regenerated	143:153	arg1	RC					166:167	RC	166:167	RC	166:167	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	1	29	theme	regenerated	143:153	arg1	cellulose					155:163	regenerated cellulose	143:163	regenerated cellulose (RC)	143:168	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	5	30	theme	transmission	764:775	arg1	microscopy					786:795	transmission electron microscopy	764:795	transmission electron microscopy	764:795	The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that zeolite was uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose matrix.
24721086	3	31	theme	regenerated	573:583	arg1	film					595:598	the pure regenerated cellulose film	564:598	the pure regenerated cellulose film	564:598	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	5	32	theme	electron	777:784	arg1	microscopy					786:795	transmission electron microscopy	764:795	transmission electron microscopy	764:795	The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that zeolite was uniformly dispersed in the regenerated cellulose matrix.
24721086	6	33	theme	nanocomposite	946:958	arg1	films					960:964	both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films	923:964	films	960:964	In vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated that both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films are cytocompatible.
24721086	0	34	dep	cellulose/zeolite	33:49	arg1	prepared					51:58	prepared	51:58	cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	33:108	Bionanocomposites of regenerated cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent.
24721086	7	35	theme	potential	1047:1055	arg1	applications					1057:1068	potential applications	1047:1068	potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas	1047:1127	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	6	36	theme	RC/zeolite	935:944	arg1	films					960:964	both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films	923:964	films	960:964	In vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated that both RC and RC/zeolite nanocomposite films are cytocompatible.
24721086	7	37	theme	prepared	1018:1025	arg1	nanocomposites					1027:1040	the prepared nanocomposites	1014:1040	the prepared nanocomposites	1014:1040	These results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable packaging, membranes and biomedical areas.
24721086	0	38	theme	liquid	95:100	arg1	solvent					102:108	environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	66:108	environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	66:108	Bionanocomposites of regenerated cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent.
24721086	4	39	theme	nanocomposites	711:724	arg1	stability					679:687	thermal stability	671:687	thermal stability	671:687	Zeolite incorporation enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of the nanocomposites.
24721086	4	39	theme	nanocomposites	711:724	arg1	yield					698:702	char yield	693:702	char yield	693:702	Zeolite incorporation enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of the nanocomposites.
24721086	2	40	dep	Fourier	439:445	arg1	transform					447:455	transform	447:455	transform infrared spectra	447:472	The interactions between the zeolite and the cellulose matrix were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra.
24721086	3	41	theme	cellulose	585:593	arg1	film					595:598	the pure regenerated cellulose film	564:598	the pure regenerated cellulose film	564:598	Mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films significantly improved as compared with the pure regenerated cellulose film, without the loss of extensibility.
24721086	1	42	theme	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium	271:297	arg1	EMIMCl					309:314	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid	271:328	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method	271:356	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
24721086	0	43	theme	ionic	89:93	arg1	solvent					102:108	environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	66:108	environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent	66:108	Bionanocomposites of regenerated cellulose/zeolite prepared using environmentally benign ionic liquid solvent.
24721086	4	44	theme	char	693:696	arg1	yield					698:702	char yield	693:702	char yield	693:702	Zeolite incorporation enhanced the thermal stability and char yield of the nanocomposites.
24721086	2	45	theme	cellulose	404:412	arg1	matrix					414:419	the cellulose matrix	400:419	the cellulose matrix	400:419	The interactions between the zeolite and the cellulose matrix were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra.
24721086	1	46	theme	chloride	299:306	arg1	EMIMCl					309:314	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid	271:328	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method	271:356	Bionanocomposite films based on regenerated cellulose (RC) and incorporated with zeolite at different concentrations were fabricated by dissolving cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid using a simple green method.
27440156	3	0	theme	lipid	679:683	arg1	binding					685:691	a preferential covalent lipid binding	655:691	a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules	655:733	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	4	1	theme	starch	1048:1053	arg1	granules					1055:1062	the outside and inside starch granules	1025:1062	the outside and inside starch granules	1025:1062	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	1	2	theme	dense	262:266	arg1	grains					268:273	nutrient dense grains	253:273	nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes	253:313	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	4	3	theme	free	1102:1105	arg1	displacement					1113:1124	a free lipid displacement	1100:1124	a free lipid displacement	1100:1124	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	3	4	theme	inside	700:705	arg1	part					707:710	the inside part	696:710	the inside part of the starch granules	696:733	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	2	5	theme	lipid	607:611	arg1	binding					613:619	lipid binding	607:619	lipid binding along breadmaking	607:637	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	4	6	theme	displacement	1113:1124	arg1	expenses					1083:1090	the expenses	1079:1090	the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites	1079:1195	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	5	7	theme	starch	1384:1389	arg1	hydrolysis					1391:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	2	8	theme	Dilution	316:323	arg1	up					325:326	Dilution up	316:326	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	316:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	1	9	theme	grains	164:169	arg1	use					122:124	The use	118:124	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications	118:198	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	3	10	theme	starch	719:724	arg1	granules					726:733	the starch granules	715:733	the starch granules	715:733	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	0	11	theme	composite	100:108	arg1	breads					110:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	1	12	theme	breadmaking	175:185	arg1	applications					187:198	breadmaking applications	175:198	breadmaking applications	175:198	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	2	13	theme	composite	531:539	arg1	flours					541:546	composite flours	531:546	composite flours	531:546	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	14	theme	pea	415:417	arg1	flours					433:438	teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	403:438	teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	403:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	15	from	extractability	474:487	arg1	flours					541:546	composite flours	531:546	composite flours	531:546	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	15	from	extractability	474:487	arg1	breads					560:565	breads	560:565	breads	560:565	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	15	from	extractability	474:487	arg1	doughs					549:554	doughs	549:554	doughs	549:554	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	16	from	distribution	493:504	arg1	flours					541:546	composite flours	531:546	composite flours	531:546	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	16	from	distribution	493:504	arg1	breads					560:565	breads	560:565	breads	560:565	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	16	from	distribution	493:504	arg1	doughs					549:554	doughs	549:554	doughs	549:554	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	3	17	theme	free	782:785	arg1	lipids					787:792	accessible free lipids	771:792	accessible free lipids	771:792	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	4	18	theme	preferential	957:968	arg1	binding					976:982	a preferential lipid binding	955:982	a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules	955:1062	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	5	19	theme	protein-	1257:1264	arg1	lipids					1283:1288	both protein- and starch-bound lipids	1252:1288	both protein- and starch-bound lipids	1252:1288	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	0	20	theme	breadmaking	53:63	arg1	matrices					65:72	breadmaking matrices	53:72	breadmaking matrices	53:72	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	4	21	theme	lipid	1138:1142	arg1	translocation					1144:1156	a bound lipid translocation	1130:1156	a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites	1130:1195	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	2	22	theme	subfractions	515:526	arg1	extractability					474:487	extractability	474:487	extractability	474:487	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	22	theme	subfractions	515:526	arg1	distribution					493:504	distribution	493:504	distribution	493:504	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	23	theme	ternary	383:389	arg1	addition					391:398	accumulative ternary addition	370:398	accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	370:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	24	theme	buckwheat	423:431	arg1	flours					433:438	teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	403:438	teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	403:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	5	25	theme	composite	1442:1450	arg1	breads					1452:1457	composite breads	1442:1457	composite breads	1442:1457	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	4	26	theme	starch	1177:1182	arg1	sites					1191:1195	starch active sites	1177:1195	starch active sites	1177:1195	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	0	27	theme	Lipid	0:4	arg1	dynamics					6:13	Lipid dynamics	0:13	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.	0:116	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	4	28	theme	outside	1029:1035	arg1	granules					1055:1062	the outside and inside starch granules	1025:1062	the outside and inside starch granules	1025:1062	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	5	29	theme	starch-bound	1270:1281	arg1	lipids					1283:1288	both protein- and starch-bound lipids	1252:1288	both protein- and starch-bound lipids	1252:1288	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	1	30	theme	proven	280:285	arg1	attributes					304:313	proven health-promoting attributes	280:313	proven health-promoting attributes	280:313	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	3	31	theme	starch	901:906	arg1	granules					908:915	the starch granules	897:915	the starch granules	897:915	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	0	32	theme	non-wheat	36:44	arg1	flours					46:51	non-wheat flours	36:51	non-wheat flours	36:51	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	0	33	dep	wheat	26:30	arg1	matrices					65:72	breadmaking matrices	53:72	breadmaking matrices	53:72	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	3	34	theme	covalent	670:677	arg1	binding					685:691	a preferential covalent lipid binding	655:691	a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules	655:733	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	2	35	dep	extractability	474:487	arg1	the					470:472	the	470:472	the	470:472	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	5	36	theme	higher	1324:1329	arg1	physic-chemical					1331:1345	the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles	1320:1366	physic-chemical	1331:1345	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	2	37	theme	flour	354:358	arg1	matrix					360:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	4	38	theme	inside	1041:1046	arg1	granules					1055:1062	the outside and inside starch granules	1025:1062	the outside and inside starch granules	1025:1062	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	2	39	from	flours	541:546	arg1	extractability					474:487	extractability	474:487	extractability	474:487	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	39	from	flours	541:546	arg1	distribution					493:504	distribution	493:504	distribution	493:504	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	40	theme	basic	342:346	arg1	matrix					360:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	41	theme	differentiated	580:593	arg1	dynamics					595:602	differentiated dynamics	580:602	differentiated dynamics	580:602	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	42	from	doughs	549:554	arg1	extractability					474:487	extractability	474:487	extractability	474:487	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	42	from	doughs	549:554	arg1	distribution					493:504	distribution	493:504	distribution	493:504	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	1	43	theme	nutrient	253:260	arg1	grains					268:273	nutrient dense grains	253:273	nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes	253:313	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	4	44	theme	lipid	1107:1111	arg1	displacement					1113:1124	a free lipid displacement	1100:1124	a free lipid displacement	1100:1124	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	2	45	from	breads	560:565	arg1	extractability					474:487	extractability	474:487	extractability	474:487	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	45	from	breads	560:565	arg1	distribution					493:504	distribution	493:504	distribution	493:504	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	1	46	theme	legumes	144:150	arg1	use					122:124	The use	118:124	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications	118:198	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	4	47	theme	gluten/non-gluten	991:1007	arg1	proteins					1009:1016	the gluten/non-gluten proteins	987:1016	the gluten/non-gluten proteins	987:1016	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	5	48	dep	larger	1225:1230	arg1	physic-chemical					1331:1345	the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles	1320:1366	physic-chemical	1331:1345	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	48	dep	larger	1225:1230	arg1	firming					1403:1409	firming	1403:1409	firming	1403:1409	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	48	dep	larger	1225:1230	arg1	hydrolysis					1391:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	48	dep	larger	1225:1230	arg1	accumulation					1236:1247	the accumulation	1232:1247	the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking	1232:1317	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	48	dep	larger	1225:1230	arg1	retrogradation					1415:1428	retrogradation	1415:1428	retrogradation	1415:1428	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	49	theme	slower	1377:1382	arg1	hydrolysis					1391:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	1	50	theme	ancient	156:162	arg1	grains					164:169	ancient grains	156:169	ancient grains for breadmaking applications	156:198	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	1	51	with	grains	268:273	arg1	attributes					304:313	proven health-promoting attributes	280:313	proven health-promoting attributes	280:313	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	0	52	from	Impact	75:80	arg1	breads					110:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	3	53	theme	granules	726:733	arg1	part					707:710	the inside part	696:710	the inside part of the starch granules	696:733	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	4	54	theme	new	1161:1163	arg1	protein					1165:1171	new protein	1161:1171	new protein	1161:1171	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	3	55	theme	gluten/non-gluten	843:859	arg1	proteins					861:868	the gluten/non-gluten proteins	839:868	the gluten/non-gluten proteins	839:868	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	2	56	from	subfractions	515:526	arg1	flours					541:546	composite flours	531:546	composite flours	531:546	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	56	from	subfractions	515:526	arg1	breads					560:565	breads	560:565	breads	560:565	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	56	from	subfractions	515:526	arg1	doughs					549:554	doughs	549:554	doughs	549:554	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	4	57	theme	bound	1132:1136	arg1	translocation					1144:1156	a bound lipid translocation	1130:1156	a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites	1130:1195	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	3	58	theme	lipids	787:792	arg1	expenses					754:761	the expenses	750:761	the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules	750:915	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	4	59	theme	translocation	1144:1156	arg1	expenses					1083:1090	the expenses	1079:1090	the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites	1079:1195	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	3	60	theme	accessible	771:780	arg1	lipids					787:792	accessible free lipids	771:792	accessible free lipids	771:792	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	1	61	theme	pseudocereals	129:141	arg1	use					122:124	The use	118:124	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications	118:198	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	4	62	theme	lipid	970:974	arg1	binding					976:982	a preferential lipid binding	955:982	a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules	955:1062	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	0	63	from	dynamics	6:13	arg1	wheat					26:30	blended wheat	18:30	blended wheat	18:30	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	0	63	from	dynamics	6:13	arg1	flours					46:51	non-wheat flours	36:51	non-wheat flours	36:51	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	5	64	theme	larger	1225:1230	arg1	kinetics					1430:1437	the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics	1221:1437	the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads	1221:1457	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	0	65	theme	fresh	85:89	arg1	breads					110:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	2	66	dep	impact	458:463	arg1	both					465:468	both	465:468	both	465:468	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	67	theme	lipid	509:513	arg1	subfractions					515:526	lipid subfractions	509:526	lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads	509:565	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	3	68	theme	lipids	798:803	arg1	expenses					754:761	the expenses	750:761	the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules	750:915	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	0	69	theme	aged	95:98	arg1	breads					110:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	fresh and aged composite breads	85:115	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	4	70	theme	active	1184:1189	arg1	sites					1191:1195	starch active sites	1177:1195	starch active sites	1177:1195	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	2	71	theme	accumulative	370:381	arg1	addition					391:398	accumulative ternary addition	370:398	accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	370:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	5	72	theme	breads	1452:1457	arg1	kinetics					1430:1437	the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics	1221:1437	the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads	1221:1457	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	2	73	theme	matrix	360:365	arg1	%					333:333	45%	331:333	45% of the basic wheat flour matrix	331:365	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	2	73	theme	matrix	360:365	arg1	matrix					360:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	0	74	theme	blended	18:24	arg1	wheat					26:30	blended wheat	18:30	blended wheat	18:30	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	4	75	dep	takes	1064:1068	arg1	later					942:946	later	942:946	later	942:946	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	4	75	dep	takes	1064:1068	arg1	fermentation					925:936	fermentation	925:936	fermentation	925:936	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	4	75	dep	takes	1064:1068	arg1	baking					948:953	baking	948:953	baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules	948:1062	During fermentation and later baking a preferential lipid binding to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside and inside starch granules takes place at the expenses of both a free lipid displacement and a bound lipid translocation to new protein and starch active sites.
27440156	2	76	theme	green	409:413	arg1	pea					415:417	green pea	409:417	green pea	409:417	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	5	77	theme	lipids	1283:1288	arg1	physic-chemical					1331:1345	the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles	1320:1366	physic-chemical	1331:1345	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	77	theme	lipids	1283:1288	arg1	profiles					1359:1366	the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles	1320:1366	profiles	1359:1366	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	77	theme	lipids	1283:1288	arg1	hydrolysis					1391:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	the slower starch hydrolysis	1373:1400	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	5	77	theme	lipids	1283:1288	arg1	accumulation					1236:1247	the accumulation	1232:1247	the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking	1232:1317	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	2	78	theme	teff	403:406	arg1	flours					433:438	teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	403:438	teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	403:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	1	79	theme	health-promoting	287:302	arg1	attributes					304:313	proven health-promoting attributes	280:313	proven health-promoting attributes	280:313	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	3	80	theme	granules	908:915	arg1	part					889:892	part	889:892	part of the starch granules	889:915	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	5	81	theme	sensory	1351:1357	arg1	profiles					1359:1366	the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles	1320:1366	profiles	1359:1366	It can be noticed that the larger the accumulation of both protein- and starch-bound lipids over fermentation and baking, the higher physic-chemical and sensory profiles, and the slower starch hydrolysis, firming and retrogradation kinetics of composite breads were obtained.
27440156	2	82	theme	flours	433:438	arg1	addition					391:398	accumulative ternary addition	370:398	accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours	370:438	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
27440156	3	83	theme	preferential	657:668	arg1	binding					685:691	a preferential covalent lipid binding	655:691	a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules	655:733	During mixing, a preferential covalent lipid binding to the inside part of the starch granules takes place at the expenses of both accessible free lipids and lipids initially bound non-covalently to the gluten/non-gluten proteins and to the outside part of the starch granules.
27440156	1	84	theme	particular	213:222	arg1	attention					224:232	particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes	213:313	particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes	213:313	The use of pseudocereals, legumes and ancient grains for breadmaking applications is receiving particular attention since they involve nutrient dense grains with proven health-promoting attributes.
27440156	0	85	dep	dynamics	6:13	arg1	Impact					75:80	Impact	75:80	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.	0:116	Lipid dynamics in blended wheat and non-wheat flours breadmaking matrices: Impact on fresh and aged composite breads.
27440156	2	86	theme	wheat	348:352	arg1	matrix					360:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	the basic wheat flour matrix	338:365	Dilution up to 45% of the basic wheat flour matrix by accumulative ternary addition of teff, green pea and buckwheat flours did significantly impact both the extractability and distribution of lipid subfractions in composite flours, doughs and breads, and induced differentiated dynamics in lipid binding along breadmaking.
25267244	5	0	theme	gut	581:583	arg1	health					585:590	gut health	581:590	gut health relative to other grains	581:615	Therefore, oats may contribute distinctive effects on gut health relative to other grains.
25267244	1	1	theme	proper	118:123	arg1	function					129:136	proper gut function	118:136	proper gut function	118:136	The gut microbiota plays important roles in proper gut function and can contribute to or help prevent disease.
25267244	4	2	theme	whole	513:517	arg1	grains					519:524	other whole grains	507:524	other whole grains	507:524	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	0	3	theme	next	50:53	arg1	frontier					55:62	the next frontier	46:62	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?	0:72	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?
25267244	1	4	theme	gut	125:127	arg1	function					129:136	proper gut function	118:136	proper gut function	118:136	The gut microbiota plays important roles in proper gut function and can contribute to or help prevent disease.
25267244	4	5	theme	other	507:511	arg1	grains					519:524	other whole grains	507:524	other whole grains	507:524	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	0	6	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	microbiota					34:43	the gut microbiota	26:43	the gut microbiota	26:43	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?
25267244	5	7	theme	relative	592:599	arg1	health					585:590	gut health	581:590	gut health relative to other grains	581:615	Therefore, oats may contribute distinctive effects on gut health relative to other grains.
25267244	2	8	theme	healthy	300:306	arg1	microbiome					312:321	a healthy gut microbiome	298:321	a healthy gut microbiome	298:321	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
25267244	2	9	theme	important	226:234	arg1	sources					236:242	important sources	226:242	important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota	226:278	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
25267244	5	10	theme	distinctive	558:568	arg1	effects					570:576	distinctive effects	558:576	distinctive effects on gut health relative to other grains	558:615	Therefore, oats may contribute distinctive effects on gut health relative to other grains.
25267244	2	11	theme	gut	265:267	arg1	microbiota					269:278	the gut microbiota	261:278	the gut microbiota	261:278	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
25267244	5	12	from	effects	570:576	arg1	health					585:590	gut health	581:590	gut health relative to other grains	581:615	Therefore, oats may contribute distinctive effects on gut health relative to other grains.
25267244	3	13	theme	resistant	368:376	arg1	starch					378:383	resistant starch	368:383	resistant starch	368:383	In particular, whole grains provide NSP and resistant starch, unsaturated TAG and complex lipids, and phenolics.
25267244	0	14	theme	grains	16:21	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?	0:72	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?
25267244	6	15	theme	consumption	707:717	arg1	benefits					691:698	new human-health benefits	674:698	new human-health benefits of oat consumption	674:717	Studies designed to determine these effects may uncover new human-health benefits of oat consumption.
25267244	0	16	theme	whole	10:14	arg1	grains					16:21	whole grains	10:21	whole grains	10:21	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?
25267244	2	17	theme	nutrients	247:255	arg1	sources					236:242	important sources	226:242	important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota	226:278	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
25267244	3	18	theme	complex	406:412	arg1	lipids					414:419	unsaturated TAG and complex lipids	386:419	lipids	414:419	In particular, whole grains provide NSP and resistant starch, unsaturated TAG and complex lipids, and phenolics.
25267244	4	19	from	unique	478:483	arg1	oats					488:491	oats	488:491	oats compared with other whole grains	488:524	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	3	20	theme	unsaturated	386:396	arg1	TAG					398:400	unsaturated TAG and complex lipids	386:419	TAG	398:400	In particular, whole grains provide NSP and resistant starch, unsaturated TAG and complex lipids, and phenolics.
25267244	4	21	theme	constituents	462:473	arg1	unique					478:483	unique	478:483	unique	478:483	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	4	21	theme	constituents	462:473	arg1	composition					441:451	The composition	437:451	The composition of these constituents	437:473	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	2	22	theme	Whole	185:189	arg1	grains					191:196	Whole grains	185:196	Whole grains	185:196	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
25267244	2	22	theme	Whole	185:189	arg1	oats					209:212	oats	209:212	oats	209:212	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
25267244	6	23	theme	oat	703:705	arg1	consumption					707:717	oat consumption	703:717	oat consumption	703:717	Studies designed to determine these effects may uncover new human-health benefits of oat consumption.
25267244	4	24	from	oats	488:491	arg1	unique					478:483	unique	478:483	unique	478:483	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	4	24	from	oats	488:491	arg1	composition					441:451	The composition	437:451	The composition of these constituents	437:473	The composition of these constituents is unique in oats compared with other whole grains.
25267244	3	25	theme	whole	339:343	arg1	grains					345:350	whole grains	339:350	whole grains	339:350	In particular, whole grains provide NSP and resistant starch, unsaturated TAG and complex lipids, and phenolics.
25267244	5	26	theme	other	604:608	arg1	grains					610:615	other grains	604:615	other grains	604:615	Therefore, oats may contribute distinctive effects on gut health relative to other grains.
25267244	1	27	theme	gut	78:80	arg1	microbiota					82:91	The gut microbiota	74:91	The gut microbiota	74:91	The gut microbiota plays important roles in proper gut function and can contribute to or help prevent disease.
25267244	0	28	theme	gut	30:32	arg1	microbiota					34:43	the gut microbiota	26:43	the gut microbiota	26:43	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?
25267244	6	29	theme	human-health	678:689	arg1	benefits					691:698	new human-health benefits	674:698	new human-health benefits of oat consumption	674:717	Studies designed to determine these effects may uncover new human-health benefits of oat consumption.
25267244	6	30	theme	new	674:676	arg1	benefits					691:698	new human-health benefits	674:698	new human-health benefits of oat consumption	674:717	Studies designed to determine these effects may uncover new human-health benefits of oat consumption.
25267244	1	31	theme	important	99:107	arg1	roles					109:113	important roles	99:113	important roles	99:113	The gut microbiota plays important roles in proper gut function and can contribute to or help prevent disease.
25267244	0	32	dep	Impact	0:5	arg1	frontier					55:62	the next frontier	46:62	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?	0:72	Impact of whole grains on the gut microbiota: the next frontier for oats?
25267244	2	33	theme	gut	308:310	arg1	microbiome					312:321	a healthy gut microbiome	298:321	a healthy gut microbiome	298:321	Whole grains, including oats, constitute important sources of nutrients for the gut microbiota and contribute to a healthy gut microbiome.
29094460	2	0	theme	biorelated	158:167	arg1	modification					169:180	Any biorelated modification	154:180	Any biorelated modification	154:180	Any biorelated modification or feature may endow more regenerative functionality to these composites.
29094460	6	1	theme	predesigned	801:811	arg1	ratio					813:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
29094460	3	2	theme	present	263:269	arg1	study					271:275	the present study	259:275	the present study	259:275	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	4	3	theme	electrical	434:443	arg1	conductivity					445:456	electrical conductivity	434:456	electrical conductivity	434:456	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	7	4	theme	conducting	949:958	arg1	fibers					960:965	conducting fibers	949:965	conducting fibers	949:965	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	8	5	theme	human	1157:1161	arg1	adhesion					1184:1191	human osteoblast-like cell adhesion	1157:1191	human osteoblast-like cell adhesion	1157:1191	Moreover, the results showed that hydrogel/fiber composite better supported human osteoblast-like cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology comparing hydrogel alone.
29094460	1	6	theme	Hydrogel/fiber	64:77	arg1	composites					79:88	Hydrogel/fiber composites	64:88	Hydrogel/fiber composites	64:88	Hydrogel/fiber composites have emerged as compelling scaffolds for regeneration purposes.
29094460	5	7	theme	PANi	572:575	arg1	fibers					583:588	PANi based fibers	572:588	PANi based fibers	572:588	PANi based fibers were processed through electrospinning and transformed into a three-dimensional structure through ultrasonication.
29094460	4	8	theme	hydrogel	504:511	arg1	fraction					513:520	hydrogel fraction	504:520	hydrogel fraction	504:520	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	6	9	with	solution	728:735	arg1	ratio					813:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
29094460	5	10	theme	three-dimensional	652:668	arg1	structure					670:678	a three-dimensional structure	650:678	a three-dimensional structure through ultrasonication	650:702	PANi based fibers were processed through electrospinning and transformed into a three-dimensional structure through ultrasonication.
29094460	7	11	theme	pristine	886:893	arg1	hydrogel					895:902	pristine hydrogel	886:902	pristine hydrogel	886:902	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	7	12	from	results	860:866	arg1	hydrogel/fiber					908:921	hydrogel/fiber	908:921	hydrogel/fiber	908:921	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	7	12	from	results	860:866	arg1	hydrogel					895:902	pristine hydrogel	886:902	pristine hydrogel	886:902	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	9	13	theme	electrical	1315:1324	arg1	conductivity					1326:1337	electrical conductivity	1315:1337	electrical conductivity	1315:1337	In a nutshell, the presence of gel/fiber architecture along with electrical conductivity may lead the scaffold to be very promising for bone regeneration.
29094460	3	14	theme	hydrogel/fiber	280:293	arg1	fiber					368:372	fiber	368:372	fiber	368:372	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	3	14	theme	hydrogel/fiber	280:293	arg1	scaffold					295:302	a hydrogel/fiber scaffold	278:302	a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases	278:352	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	3	14	theme	hydrogel/fiber	280:293	arg1	hydrogel					355:362	hydrogel	355:362	hydrogel	355:362	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	7	15	theme	electrical	1022:1031	arg1	conductivity					1033:1044	electrical conductivity	1022:1044	electrical conductivity	1022:1044	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	0	16	theme	conductive	15:24	arg1	scaffold					26:33	conductive scaffold	15:33	conductive scaffold for bone tissue engineering	15:61	Hydrogel/fiber conductive scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
29094460	4	17	theme	fraction	513:520	arg1	presence					469:476	the presence	465:476	the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction	465:520	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	7	18	from	assessments	871:881	arg1	hydrogel/fiber					908:921	hydrogel/fiber	908:921	hydrogel/fiber	908:921	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	7	18	from	assessments	871:881	arg1	hydrogel					895:902	pristine hydrogel	886:902	pristine hydrogel	886:902	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	9	19	theme	gel/fiber	1281:1289	arg1	architecture					1291:1302	gel/fiber architecture	1281:1302	gel/fiber architecture	1281:1302	In a nutshell, the presence of gel/fiber architecture along with electrical conductivity may lead the scaffold to be very promising for bone regeneration.
29094460	11	20	dep	106A	1463:1466	arg1	718-724					1469:1475	718-724	1469:1475	718-724	1469:1475	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 718-724, 2018.
29094460	11	21	theme	Part	1455:1458	arg1	A					1460:1460	Part A	1455:1460	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 718-724, 2018.	1436:1482	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 718-724, 2018.
29094460	7	22	theme	assessments	871:881	arg1	results					860:866	The results	856:866	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber	856:921	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	8	23	theme	hydrogel/fiber	1115:1128	arg1	composite					1130:1138	hydrogel/fiber composite	1115:1138	hydrogel/fiber composite	1115:1138	Moreover, the results showed that hydrogel/fiber composite better supported human osteoblast-like cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology comparing hydrogel alone.
29094460	1	24	theme	compelling	106:115	arg1	scaffolds					117:125	compelling scaffolds	106:125	compelling scaffolds for regeneration purposes	106:151	Hydrogel/fiber composites have emerged as compelling scaffolds for regeneration purposes.
29094460	3	25	contain	possessing	304:313	arg1	fiber					368:372	fiber	368:372	fiber	368:372	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	3	25	contain	possessing	304:313	arg1	scaffold					295:302	a hydrogel/fiber scaffold	278:302	a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases	278:352	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	3	25	contain	possessing	304:313	arg2	conductivity					326:337	electrical conductivity	315:337	electrical conductivity	315:337	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	3	25	contain	possessing	304:313	arg1	hydrogel					355:362	hydrogel	355:362	hydrogel	355:362	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	3	26	theme	electrical	315:324	arg1	conductivity					326:337	electrical conductivity	315:337	electrical conductivity	315:337	In the present study, a hydrogel/fiber scaffold possessing electrical conductivity in both phases, hydrogel and fiber, has been prepared and evaluated.
29094460	4	27	theme	Fiber	408:412	arg1	component					414:422	Fiber component	408:422	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction	408:520	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	8	28	theme	cell	1179:1182	arg1	adhesion					1184:1191	human osteoblast-like cell adhesion	1157:1191	human osteoblast-like cell adhesion	1157:1191	Moreover, the results showed that hydrogel/fiber composite better supported human osteoblast-like cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology comparing hydrogel alone.
29094460	9	29	theme	architecture	1291:1302	arg1	presence					1269:1276	the presence	1265:1276	the presence of gel/fiber architecture along with electrical conductivity	1265:1337	In a nutshell, the presence of gel/fiber architecture along with electrical conductivity may lead the scaffold to be very promising for bone regeneration.
29094460	6	30	with	gelatin	775:781	arg1	ratio					813:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
29094460	2	31	theme	regenerative	208:219	arg1	functionality					221:233	more regenerative functionality	203:233	more regenerative functionality	203:233	Any biorelated modification or feature may endow more regenerative functionality to these composites.
29094460	6	32	theme	oxidized	749:756	arg1	polysaccharides					758:772	oxidized polysaccharides	749:772	oxidized polysaccharides	749:772	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
29094460	0	33	theme	tissue	44:49	arg1	engineering					51:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	Hydrogel/fiber conductive scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
29094460	4	34	theme	polyaniline	481:491	arg1	presence					469:476	the presence	465:476	the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction	465:520	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	7	35	theme	elastic	991:997	arg1	modulus					999:1005	elastic modulus	991:1005	elastic modulus	991:1005	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	11	36	dep	Res	1451:1453	arg1	106A					1463:1466	106A	1463:1466	106A	1463:1466	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 718-724, 2018.
29094460	11	36	dep	Res	1451:1453	arg1	A					1460:1460	Part A	1455:1460	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 718-724, 2018.	1436:1482	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 718-724, 2018.
29094460	0	37	theme	bone	39:42	arg1	engineering					51:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	bone tissue engineering	39:61	Hydrogel/fiber conductive scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
29094460	4	38	theme	nanoparticles	557:569	arg1	presence					536:543	the presence	532:543	the presence of graphene nanoparticles	532:569	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	6	39	with	graphene	787:794	arg1	ratio					813:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	predesigned ratio	801:817	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
29094460	7	40	from	hydrogel	895:902	arg1	results					860:866	The results	856:866	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber	856:921	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	5	41	theme	based	577:581	arg1	fibers					583:588	PANi based fibers	572:588	PANi based fibers	572:588	PANi based fibers were processed through electrospinning and transformed into a three-dimensional structure through ultrasonication.
29094460	4	42	theme	graphene	548:555	arg1	nanoparticles					557:569	graphene nanoparticles	548:569	graphene nanoparticles	548:569	Fiber component possessed electrical conductivity due to the presence of polyaniline (PANi) and hydrogel fraction thanks to the presence of graphene nanoparticles.
29094460	1	43	theme	regeneration	131:142	arg1	purposes					144:151	regeneration purposes	131:151	regeneration purposes	131:151	Hydrogel/fiber composites have emerged as compelling scaffolds for regeneration purposes.
29094460	7	44	from	hydrogel/fiber	908:921	arg1	results					860:866	The results	856:866	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber	856:921	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	8	45	theme	osteoblast-like	1163:1177	arg1	adhesion					1184:1191	human osteoblast-like cell adhesion	1157:1191	human osteoblast-like cell adhesion	1157:1191	Moreover, the results showed that hydrogel/fiber composite better supported human osteoblast-like cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology comparing hydrogel alone.
29094460	9	46	theme	bone	1386:1389	arg1	regeneration					1391:1402	bone regeneration	1386:1402	bone regeneration	1386:1402	In a nutshell, the presence of gel/fiber architecture along with electrical conductivity may lead the scaffold to be very promising for bone regeneration.
29094460	10	47	dep	©	1405:1405	arg1	Inc.					1431:1434	Inc.	1431:1434	Inc.	1431:1434	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
29094460	6	48	theme	precursor	718:726	arg1	solution					728:735	The hydrogel precursor solution	705:735	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides	705:772	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
29094460	7	49	theme	fibers	960:965	arg1	inclusion					936:944	inclusion	936:944	inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel	936:979	The results of assessments on pristine hydrogel and hydrogel/fiber denoted that inclusion of conducting fibers into hydrogel increased elastic modulus, roughness and electrical conductivity, whereas decreased hydrophilicity.
29094460	6	50	theme	hydrogel	709:716	arg1	solution					728:735	The hydrogel precursor solution	705:735	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides	705:772	The hydrogel precursor solution composed of oxidized polysaccharides, gelatin and graphene with predesigned ratio was added to fibers and left to gel.
27987753	4	0	with	interaction	704:714	arg1	β-CD					749:752	β-CD	749:752	β-CD	749:752	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	4	0	with	interaction	704:714	arg1	CUR					741:743	CUR	741:743	CUR	741:743	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	1	1	theme	new	170:172	arg1	methods					188:194	new and efficient methods	170:194	new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy	170:249	Pharmaceutical industries spend more money in developing new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy.
27987753	7	2	theme	MCF-7	1363:1367	arg1	cells					1369:1373	MCF-7 cells	1363:1373	MCF-7 cells	1363:1373	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	7	3	theme	breast	1478:1483	arg1	therapy					1492:1498	the breast cancer therapy	1474:1498	the breast cancer therapy	1474:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	0	4	with	synergy	75:81	arg1	curcumin/β-cyclodextrin					88:110	curcumin/β-cyclodextrin	88:110	curcumin/β-cyclodextrin	88:110	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL nanofibers for anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin.
27987753	5	5	theme	786±286	1066:1072	arg1	range					1057:1061	the range	1053:1061	the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively	1053:1123	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	5	6	with	nanofibers	1019:1028	arg1	diameter					1041:1048	fiber diameter	1035:1048	fiber diameter	1035:1048	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	3	7	theme	Aloe	500:503	arg1	AV					511:512	AV	511:512	AV	511:512	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	7	theme	Aloe	500:503	arg1	Vera					505:508	Aloe Vera	500:508	Aloe Vera (AV)	500:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	0	8	from	Sequel	0:5	arg1	PLACL					31:35	PLACL	31:35	PLACL	31:35	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL nanofibers for anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin.
27987753	7	9	theme	cells	1369:1373	arg1	inhibition					1349:1358	higher inhibition	1342:1358	higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells	1342:1373	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	6	10	theme	nanofibrous	1228:1238	arg1	scaffolds					1240:1248	PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds	1215:1248	PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9	1215:1257	Proliferation of MCF-7 cells was decreased by 65.92% in PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR with respect to PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9.
27987753	2	11	theme	biomedical	326:335	arg1	applications					337:348	versatile biomedical applications	316:348	versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy	316:397	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	5	12	theme	scaffolds	970:978	arg1	micrographs					850:860	FESEM micrographs	844:860	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	844:978	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	4	13	theme	Foundation-7	802:813	arg1	cells					837:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	2	14	theme	versatile	316:324	arg1	applications					337:348	versatile biomedical applications	316:348	versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy	316:397	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	3	15	theme	oxide	526:530	arg1	nanoparticles					538:550	magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles	516:550	magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles	516:550	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	4	16	theme	MgO	719:721	arg1	nanoparticle					723:734	MgO nanoparticle	719:734	MgO nanoparticle	719:734	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	3	17	dep	poly	448:451	arg1	nanofibers					604:613	composite nanofibers	594:613	composite nanofibers	594:613	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	4	18	theme	nanoparticle	723:734	arg1	interaction					704:714	the interaction	700:714	the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	700:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	5	19	theme	free	994:997	arg1	nanofibers					1019:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers	989:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter	989:1048	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	7	20	theme	higher	1342:1347	arg1	inhibition					1349:1358	higher inhibition	1342:1358	higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells	1342:1373	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	1	21	theme	efficient	178:186	arg1	methods					188:194	new and efficient methods	170:194	new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy	170:249	Pharmaceutical industries spend more money in developing new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy.
27987753	7	22	theme	material	1454:1461	arg1	system					1463:1468	a promising biocomposite material system	1429:1468	a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy	1429:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	23	with	nanoparticles	538:550	arg1	AV					511:512	AV	511:512	AV	511:512	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	23	with	nanoparticles	538:550	arg1	Vera					505:508	Aloe Vera	500:508	Aloe Vera (AV)	500:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	24	theme	fiber	1035:1039	arg1	diameter					1041:1048	fiber diameter	1035:1048	fiber diameter	1035:1048	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	5	25	theme	326±80nm	1103:1110	arg1	range					1057:1061	the range	1053:1061	the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively	1053:1123	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	5	26	theme	uniform	1011:1017	arg1	nanofibers					1019:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers	989:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter	989:1048	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	2	27	theme	wound	363:367	arg1	healing					369:375	wound healing	363:375	wound healing	363:375	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	5	28	theme	360±94	1092:1097	arg1	range					1057:1061	the range	1053:1061	the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively	1053:1123	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	3	29	theme	elastomeric	436:446	arg1	PLACL					488:492	PLACL	488:492	PLACL	488:492	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	29	theme	elastomeric	436:446	arg1	poly					448:451	elastomeric poly	436:451	elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV)	436:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	29	theme	elastomeric	436:446	arg1	acid-co-ε-caprolactone					463:484	l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone	454:484	l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone	454:484	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	7	30	theme	promising	1431:1439	arg1	system					1463:1468	a promising biocomposite material system	1429:1468	a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy	1429:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	4	31	theme	cells	837:841	arg1	proliferation					769:781	the proliferation	765:781	the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	765:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	4	32	theme	cancer	830:835	arg1	cells					837:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	7	33	theme	biocomposite	1441:1452	arg1	system					1463:1468	a promising biocomposite material system	1429:1468	a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy	1429:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	34	theme	507±171	1075:1081	arg1	range					1057:1061	the range	1053:1061	the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively	1053:1123	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	0	35	theme	nanoparticles	14:26	arg1	Sequel					0:5	Sequel	0:5	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL	0:35	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL nanofibers for anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin.
27987753	2	36	contain	have	311:314	arg1	nanoparticles					279:291	nanoparticles	279:291	nanoparticles	279:291	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	2	36	contain	have	311:314	arg1	nanofibers					264:273	Electrospun nanofibers	252:273	Electrospun nanofibers	252:273	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	2	36	contain	have	311:314	arg2	applications					337:348	versatile biomedical applications	316:348	versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy	316:397	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	6	37	theme	PLACL/AV/MgO	1215:1226	arg1	scaffolds					1240:1248	PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds	1215:1248	PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9	1215:1257	Proliferation of MCF-7 cells was decreased by 65.92% in PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR with respect to PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9.
27987753	5	38	theme	nanofibrous	958:968	arg1	scaffolds					970:978	PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	940:978	PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	940:978	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	1	39	theme	successful	211:220	arg1	drugs					222:226	successful drugs	211:226	successful drugs for anticancer therapy	211:249	Pharmaceutical industries spend more money in developing new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy.
27987753	0	40	theme	MgO	10:12	arg1	nanoparticles					14:26	MgO nanoparticles	10:26	MgO nanoparticles	10:26	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL nanofibers for anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin.
27987753	5	41	theme	PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD	940:956	arg1	scaffolds					970:978	PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	940:978	PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	940:978	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	3	42	theme	MCF-7	640:644	arg1	cells					646:650	MCF-7 cells	640:650	MCF-7 cells	640:650	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	1	43	theme	Pharmaceutical	113:126	arg1	industries					128:137	Pharmaceutical industries	113:137	Pharmaceutical industries	113:137	Pharmaceutical industries spend more money in developing new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy.
27987753	3	44	theme	l-lactic	454:461	arg1	poly					448:451	elastomeric poly	436:451	elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV)	436:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	44	theme	l-lactic	454:461	arg1	acid-co-ε-caprolactone					463:484	l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone	454:484	l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone	454:484	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	45	theme	magnesium	516:524	arg1	MgO					533:535	MgO	533:535	MgO	533:535	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	45	theme	magnesium	516:524	arg1	oxide					526:530	magnesium oxide	516:530	magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles	516:550	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	7	46	theme	%	1294:1294	arg1	CUR					1296:1298	1% CUR	1293:1298	1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles	1293:1333	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	47	theme	cells	646:650	arg1	growth					630:635	the growth	626:635	the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy	626:676	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	48	theme	fabricated	865:874	arg1	PLACL					888:892	fabricated electrospun PLACL	865:892	fabricated electrospun PLACL	865:892	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	7	49	theme	1	1293:1293	arg1	%					1294:1294	%	1294:1294	%	1294:1294	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	50	theme	FESEM	844:848	arg1	micrographs					850:860	FESEM micrographs	844:860	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	844:978	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	7	51	theme	nanofibrous	1391:1401	arg1	scaffolds					1403:1411	all other nanofibrous scaffolds	1381:1411	all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy	1381:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	0	52	from	therapy	64:70	arg1	synergy					75:81	synergy	75:81	synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin	75:110	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL nanofibers for anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin.
27987753	2	53	theme	Electrospun	252:262	arg1	nanofibers					264:273	Electrospun nanofibers	252:273	Electrospun nanofibers	252:273	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	1	54	theme	anticancer	232:241	arg1	therapy					243:249	anticancer therapy	232:249	anticancer therapy	232:249	Pharmaceutical industries spend more money in developing new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy.
27987753	3	55	with	curcumin	553:560	arg1	AV					511:512	AV	511:512	AV	511:512	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	55	with	curcumin	553:560	arg1	Vera					505:508	Aloe Vera	500:508	Aloe Vera (AV)	500:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	56	theme	334±95	1084:1089	arg1	range					1057:1061	the range	1053:1061	the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively	1053:1123	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	5	57	theme	bead	989:992	arg1	nanofibers					1019:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers	989:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter	989:1048	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	7	58	theme	cancer	1485:1490	arg1	therapy					1492:1498	the breast cancer therapy	1474:1498	the breast cancer therapy	1474:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	4	59	theme	breast	823:828	arg1	cells					837:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	7	60	theme	MgO	1317:1319	arg1	nanoparticles					1321:1333	MgO nanoparticles	1317:1333	MgO nanoparticles	1317:1333	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	61	theme	cancer	663:668	arg1	therapy					670:676	breast cancer therapy	656:676	breast cancer therapy	656:676	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	4	62	theme	MCF-7	816:820	arg1	cells					837:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	2	63	theme	anticancer	380:389	arg1	therapy					391:397	anticancer therapy	380:397	anticancer therapy	380:397	Electrospun nanofibers and nanoparticles loaded with drugs have versatile biomedical applications ranging from wound healing to anticancer therapy.
27987753	4	64	theme	Michigan	786:793	arg1	cells					837:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	5	65	theme	random	1000:1005	arg1	nanofibers					1019:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers	989:1028	bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter	989:1048	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	3	66	theme	composite	594:602	arg1	nanofibers					604:613	composite nanofibers	594:613	composite nanofibers	594:613	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	1	67	theme	more	145:148	arg1	money					150:154	more money	145:154	more money	145:154	Pharmaceutical industries spend more money in developing new and efficient methods for delivering successful drugs for anticancer therapy.
27987753	6	68	theme	cells	1149:1153	arg1	Proliferation					1126:1138	Proliferation	1126:1138	Proliferation of MCF-7 cells	1126:1153	Proliferation of MCF-7 cells was decreased by 65.92% in PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR with respect to PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9.
27987753	3	69	with	poly	448:451	arg1	AV					511:512	AV	511:512	AV	511:512	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	69	with	poly	448:451	arg1	Vera					505:508	Aloe Vera	500:508	Aloe Vera (AV)	500:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	70	theme	PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR	919:934	arg1	micrographs					850:860	FESEM micrographs	844:860	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	844:978	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	7	71	theme	obtained	1264:1271	arg1	results					1273:1279	The obtained results	1260:1279	The obtained results	1260:1279	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	72	theme	breast	656:661	arg1	therapy					670:676	breast cancer therapy	656:676	breast cancer therapy	656:676	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	4	73	theme	Cancer	795:800	arg1	cells					837:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells	786:841	The study focused on the interaction of MgO nanoparticle with CUR and β-CD inhibiting the proliferation of Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells.
27987753	5	74	theme	electrospun	876:886	arg1	PLACL					888:892	fabricated electrospun PLACL	865:892	fabricated electrospun PLACL	865:892	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	6	75	from	scaffolds	1240:1248	arg1	day					1253:1255	day 9	1253:1257	day 9	1253:1257	Proliferation of MCF-7 cells was decreased by 65.92% in PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR with respect to PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9.
27987753	0	76	theme	anti-cancer	52:62	arg1	therapy					64:70	anti-cancer therapy	52:70	anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin	52:110	Sequel of MgO nanoparticles in PLACL nanofibers for anti-cancer therapy in synergy with curcumin/β-cyclodextrin.
27987753	6	77	theme	MCF-7	1143:1147	arg1	cells					1149:1153	MCF-7 cells	1143:1153	MCF-7 cells	1143:1153	Proliferation of MCF-7 cells was decreased by 65.92% in PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR with respect to PLACL/AV/MgO nanofibrous scaffolds on day 9.
27987753	3	78	with	β-cyclodextrin	572:585	arg1	AV					511:512	AV	511:512	AV	511:512	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	3	78	with	β-cyclodextrin	572:585	arg1	Vera					505:508	Aloe Vera	500:508	Aloe Vera (AV)	500:513	We aimed to attempt for fabricating elastomeric poly (l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) with Aloe Vera (AV), magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles, curcumin (CUR) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) composite nanofibers to control the growth of MCF-7 cells for breast cancer therapy.
27987753	5	79	theme	PLACL	888:892	arg1	micrographs					850:860	FESEM micrographs	844:860	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds	844:978	FESEM micrographs of fabricated electrospun PLACL, PLACL/AV, PLACL/AV/MgO, PLACL/AV/MgO/CUR and PLACL/AV/MgO/β-CD nanofibrous scaffolds achieved bead free, random and uniform nanofibers with fiber diameter in the range of 786±286, 507±171, 334±95, 360±94 and 326±80nm respectively.
27987753	7	80	theme	other	1385:1389	arg1	scaffolds					1403:1411	all other nanofibrous scaffolds	1381:1411	all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy	1381:1498	The obtained results proved that 1% CUR interacting with MgO nanoparticles showed higher inhibition of MCF-7 cells among all other nanofibrous scaffolds thus serving as a promising biocomposite material system for the breast cancer therapy.
28368910	2	0	theme	inflammatory	365:376	arg1	IBD					393:395	IBD	393:395	IBD	393:395	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	2	0	theme	inflammatory	365:376	arg1	disease					384:390	inflammatory bowel disease	365:390	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	365:396	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	9	1	with	patients	1806:1813	arg1	IBD					1820:1822	IBD	1820:1822	IBD	1820:1822	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	2	2	theme	microbiota	294:303	arg1	composition					275:285	the composition	271:285	the composition of the microbiota	271:303	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	6	3	theme	Iron	1097:1100	arg1	supplementation					1102:1116	Iron supplementation	1097:1116	Iron supplementation at different doses	1097:1135	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	4	4	theme	iron	621:624	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	4	theme	iron	621:624	arg1	sulfate					648:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	4	theme	iron	621:624	arg1	bisglycinate					665:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	4	theme	iron	621:624	arg1	[FEDTA					721:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	10	5	theme	probiotics	1863:1872	arg1	action					1853:1858	the beneficial action	1838:1858	the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD	1838:1879	In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
28368910	4	6	theme	RNA	814:816	arg1	sequencing					823:832	ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	804:832	ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	804:832	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	10	7	from	action	1853:1858	arg1	IBD					1877:1879	IBD	1877:1879	IBD	1877:1879	In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
28368910	0	8	theme	Sulfate-induced	125:139	arg1	Colitis					141:147	Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis	110:147	Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis	110:147	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	8	9	with	supplementation	1556:1570	arg1	sulfate					1585:1591	ferrous sulfate	1577:1591	ferrous sulfate	1577:1591	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	0	10	from	Effects	85:91	arg1	Colitis					141:147	Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis	110:147	Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis	110:147	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	6	11	theme	microbial	1163:1171	arg1	communities					1173:1183	the gut microbial communities	1155:1183	the gut microbial communities	1155:1183	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	9	12	dep	microbiota	1700:1709	arg1	the					1692:1694	the	1692:1694	the	1692:1694	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	5	13	theme	probiotic	1002:1010	arg1	1917					1036:1039	the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917	998:1039	the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN)	998:1045	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	13	theme	probiotic	1002:1010	arg1	EcN					1042:1044	EcN	1042:1044	EcN	1042:1044	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	2	14	theme	iron	239:242	arg1	supplementation					244:258	Oral iron supplementation	234:258	Oral iron supplementation	234:258	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	9	15	theme	iron	1666:1669	arg1	deficiency					1671:1680	iron deficiency	1666:1680	iron deficiency	1666:1680	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	10	16	theme	iron	1905:1908	arg1	supplementation					1910:1924	oral iron supplementation	1900:1924	oral iron supplementation	1900:1924	In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
28368910	7	17	theme	iron	1280:1283	arg1	supplementation					1285:1299	iron supplementation	1280:1299	iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis	1280:1345	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	4	18	theme	ethylenediaminetetraacetic	689:714	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	18	theme	ethylenediaminetetraacetic	689:714	arg1	[FEDTA					721:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	5	19	theme	-induced	873:880	arg1	model					896:900	the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model	841:900	the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model	841:900	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	9	20	theme	gut	1696:1698	arg1	microbiota					1700:1709	gut microbiota	1696:1709	gut microbiota	1696:1709	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	5	21	from	use	991:993	arg1	severity					966:973	colitis severity	958:973	colitis severity	958:973	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	21	from	use	991:993	arg1	combination					1050:1060	combination	1050:1060	combination with iron supplementation	1050:1086	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	4	22	theme	ferrous	657:663	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	22	theme	ferrous	657:663	arg1	bisglycinate					665:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	5	23	with	combination	1050:1060	arg1	supplementation					1072:1086	iron supplementation	1067:1086	iron supplementation	1067:1086	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	1	24	theme	important	172:180	arg1	nutrient					182:189	an important nutrient	169:189	an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria	169:231	BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria.
28368910	1	24	theme	important	172:180	arg1	Iron					161:164	BACKGROUND Iron	150:164	BACKGROUND Iron	150:164	BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria.
28368910	8	25	theme	beneficial	1436:1445	arg1	effect					1447:1452	the beneficial effect	1432:1452	the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1432:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	0	26	theme	Probiotics	96:105	arg1	Effects					85:91	the Protective Effects	70:91	the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis	70:147	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	1	27	theme	BACKGROUND	150:159	arg1	nutrient					182:189	an important nutrient	169:189	an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria	169:231	BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria.
28368910	1	27	theme	BACKGROUND	150:159	arg1	Iron					161:164	BACKGROUND Iron	150:164	BACKGROUND Iron	150:164	BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria.
28368910	3	28	theme	iron	438:441	arg1	supplementation					443:457	iron supplementation	438:457	iron supplementation	438:457	However, patients with IBD may require iron supplementation to treat their anemia.
28368910	4	29	dep	doses	560:564	arg1	mg					582:583	5, 50, and 500 mg	567:583	5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow	567:599	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	8	30	theme	probiotic	1461:1469	arg1	EcN					1471:1473	the probiotic EcN	1457:1473	the probiotic EcN	1457:1473	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	0	31	theme	Iron	0:3	arg1	Supplements					5:15	Iron Supplements	0:15	Iron Supplements	0:15	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	5	32	theme	mouse	890:894	arg1	model					896:900	the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model	841:900	the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model	841:900	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	9	33	theme	iron	1757:1760	arg1	compounds					1762:1770	distinct iron compounds	1748:1770	distinct iron compounds	1748:1770	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	4	34	theme	different	550:558	arg1	doses					560:564	different doses	550:564	different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow)	550:600	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	9	35	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1594:1604	arg1	show					1620:1623	show	1620:1623	show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice	1620:1729	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	9	35	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1594:1604	arg1	suggest					1735:1741	suggest	1735:1741	suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD	1735:1822	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	4	36	dep	METHODS	482:488	arg1	fed					493:495	fed	493:495	fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	493:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	36	dep	METHODS	482:488	arg1	analyzed					735:742	analyzed	735:742	analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	735:832	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	7	37	theme	iron	1244:1247	arg1	formulation					1249:1259	the iron formulation	1240:1259	the iron formulation used in the diets	1240:1277	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	8	38	theme	dextran	1482:1488	arg1	model					1521:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	0	39	theme	Microbiota	32:41	arg1	Composition					43:53	Colon Microbiota Composition	26:53	Colon Microbiota Composition	26:53	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	4	40	theme	ferrous	531:537	arg1	sulfate					539:545	ferrous sulfate	531:545	ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow)	531:600	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	41	theme	microbiota	786:795	arg1	composition					763:773	the composition	759:773	the composition of the gut microbiota	759:795	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	7	42	dep	detrimental	1402:1412	arg1	FEDTA					1415:1419	FEDTA	1415:1419	FEDTA	1415:1419	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	5	43	theme	iron	934:937	arg1	supplementation					939:953	iron supplementation	934:953	iron supplementation	934:953	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	44	dep	Escherichia	1012:1022	arg1	coli					1024:1027	coli	1024:1027	coli	1024:1027	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	1	45	dep	host	204:207	arg1	the					200:202	the	200:202	the	200:202	BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria.
28368910	8	46	theme	oral	1546:1549	arg1	supplementation					1556:1570	oral iron supplementation	1546:1570	oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate	1546:1591	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	10	47	theme	beneficial	1842:1851	arg1	action					1853:1858	the beneficial action	1838:1858	the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD	1838:1879	In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
28368910	2	48	theme	bowel	378:382	arg1	IBD					393:395	IBD	393:395	IBD	393:395	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	2	48	theme	bowel	378:382	arg1	disease					384:390	inflammatory bowel disease	365:390	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	365:396	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	5	49	from	effects	923:929	arg1	severity					966:973	colitis severity	958:973	colitis severity	958:973	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	49	from	effects	923:929	arg1	combination					1050:1060	combination	1050:1060	combination with iron supplementation	1050:1086	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	4	50	theme	gene	818:821	arg1	sequencing					823:832	ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	804:832	ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	804:832	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	8	51	theme	sulfate-induced	1497:1511	arg1	model					1521:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	3	52	with	patients	408:415	arg1	IBD					422:424	IBD	422:424	IBD	422:424	However, patients with IBD may require iron supplementation to treat their anemia.
28368910	8	53	theme	ferrous	1577:1583	arg1	sulfate					1585:1591	ferrous sulfate	1577:1591	ferrous sulfate	1577:1591	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	6	54	theme	metabolic	1198:1206	arg1	pathways					1208:1215	metabolic pathways	1198:1215	metabolic pathways	1198:1215	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	7	55	theme	ferrous	1370:1376	arg1	bisglycinate					1378:1389	ferrous bisglycinate	1370:1389	ferrous bisglycinate	1370:1389	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	4	56	theme	different	611:619	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	56	theme	different	611:619	arg1	sulfate					648:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	56	theme	different	611:619	arg1	bisglycinate					665:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	56	theme	different	611:619	arg1	[FEDTA					721:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	57	theme	ribosomal	804:812	arg1	sequencing					823:832	ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	804:832	ribosomal RNA gene sequencing	804:832	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	7	58	dep	beneficial	1358:1367	arg1	bisglycinate					1378:1389	ferrous bisglycinate	1370:1389	ferrous bisglycinate	1370:1389	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	6	59	dep	RESULTS	1089:1095	arg1	induced					1137:1143	induced	1137:1143	induced shifts in the gut microbial communities	1137:1183	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	6	59	dep	RESULTS	1089:1095	arg1	inferred					1189:1196	inferred	1189:1196	inferred metabolic pathways	1189:1215	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	9	60	theme	iron	1634:1637	arg1	formulations					1639:1650	the iron formulations	1630:1650	the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency	1630:1680	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	1	61	theme	colonizing	213:222	arg1	bacteria					224:231	colonizing bacteria	213:231	colonizing bacteria	213:231	BACKGROUND Iron is an important nutrient for both the host and colonizing bacteria.
28368910	6	62	theme	gut	1159:1161	arg1	communities					1173:1183	the gut microbial communities	1155:1183	the gut microbial communities	1155:1183	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	4	63	from	doses	560:564	arg1	sulfate					539:545	ferrous sulfate	531:545	ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow)	531:600	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	5	64	theme	Escherichia	1012:1022	arg1	1917					1036:1039	the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917	998:1039	the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN)	998:1045	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	64	theme	Escherichia	1012:1022	arg1	EcN					1042:1044	EcN	1042:1044	EcN	1042:1044	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	2	65	theme	Oral	234:237	arg1	supplementation					244:258	Oral iron supplementation	234:258	Oral iron supplementation	234:258	Oral iron supplementation may impact the composition of the microbiota and can be particularly damaging to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
28368910	10	66	theme	oral	1900:1903	arg1	supplementation					1910:1924	oral iron supplementation	1900:1924	oral iron supplementation	1900:1924	In addition, the beneficial action of probiotics in IBD may be enhanced by oral iron supplementation.
28368910	4	67	theme	ferric	682:687	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	67	theme	ferric	682:687	arg1	[FEDTA					721:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	0	68	theme	Protective	74:83	arg1	Effects					85:91	the Protective Effects	70:91	the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis	70:147	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	6	69	theme	different	1121:1129	arg1	doses					1131:1135	different doses	1121:1135	different doses	1121:1135	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	4	70	theme	ferrous	640:646	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	70	theme	ferrous	640:646	arg1	sulfate					648:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	6	71	from	doses	1131:1135	arg1	supplementation					1102:1116	Iron supplementation	1097:1116	Iron supplementation at different doses	1097:1135	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	4	72	from	effects	748:754	arg1	composition					763:773	the composition	759:773	the composition of the gut microbiota	759:795	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	7	73	dep	either	1351:1356	arg1	beneficial					1358:1367	beneficial	1358:1367	beneficial	1358:1367	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	6	74	from	shifts	1145:1150	arg1	communities					1173:1183	the gut microbial communities	1155:1183	the gut microbial communities	1155:1183	RESULTS Iron supplementation at different doses induced shifts in the gut microbial communities and inferred metabolic pathways.
28368910	4	75	dep	formulations	626:637	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	75	dep	formulations	626:637	arg1	sulfate					648:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	ferrous sulfate	640:654	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	75	dep	formulations	626:637	arg1	bisglycinate					665:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	ferrous bisglycinate	657:676	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	75	dep	formulations	626:637	arg1	[FEDTA					721:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	5	76	theme	Nissle	1029:1034	arg1	1917					1036:1039	the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917	998:1039	the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN)	998:1045	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	76	theme	Nissle	1029:1034	arg1	EcN					1042:1044	EcN	1042:1044	EcN	1042:1044	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	4	77	theme	chow	596:599	arg1	mg					582:583	5, 50, and 500 mg	567:583	5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow	567:599	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	8	78	theme	EcN	1471:1473	arg1	effect					1447:1452	the beneficial effect	1432:1452	the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1432:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	8	79	from	effect	1447:1452	arg1	model					1521:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	5	80	theme	colitis	882:888	arg1	model					896:900	the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model	841:900	the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model	841:900	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	9	81	theme	distinct	1748:1755	arg1	compounds					1762:1770	distinct iron compounds	1748:1770	distinct iron compounds	1748:1770	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	4	82	theme	acid	716:719	arg1	formulations					626:637	different iron formulations	611:637	different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	611:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	4	82	theme	acid	716:719	arg1	[FEDTA					721:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA	682:726	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	0	83	theme	Colon	26:30	arg1	Composition					43:53	Colon Microbiota Composition	26:53	Colon Microbiota Composition	26:53	Iron Supplements Modulate Colon Microbiota Composition and Potentiate the Protective Effects of Probiotics in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis.
28368910	8	84	theme	sodium	1490:1495	arg1	model					1521:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	5	85	theme	colitis	958:964	arg1	severity					966:973	colitis severity	958:973	colitis severity	958:973	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	8	86	theme	colitis	1513:1519	arg1	model					1521:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model	1478:1525	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
28368910	4	87	theme	iron/kg	588:594	arg1	chow					596:599	iron/kg chow	588:599	iron/kg chow	588:599	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	5	88	theme	iron	1067:1070	arg1	supplementation					1072:1086	iron supplementation	1067:1086	iron supplementation	1067:1086	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	89	theme	1917	1036:1039	arg1	use					991:993	the use	987:993	the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation	987:1086	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	89	theme	1917	1036:1039	arg1	effects					923:929	the effects	919:929	the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity	919:973	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	9	90	theme	particular	1782:1791	arg1	relevance					1793:1801	particular relevance	1782:1801	particular relevance	1782:1801	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	4	91	theme	gut	782:784	arg1	microbiota					786:795	the gut microbiota	778:795	the gut microbiota	778:795	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	9	92	from	colitis	1715:1721	arg1	mice					1726:1729	mice	1726:1729	mice	1726:1729	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	7	93	theme	sulfate-induced	1323:1337	arg1	colitis					1339:1345	dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis	1308:1345	dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis	1308:1345	However, depending on the iron formulation used in the diets, iron supplementation during dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis was either beneficial (ferrous bisglycinate) or highly detrimental (FEDTA).
28368910	4	94	with	mice	497:500	arg1	diets					507:511	diets	507:511	diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA])	507:728	METHODS We fed mice with diets supplemented with ferrous sulfate at different doses (5, 50, and 500 mg of iron/kg chow) and with different iron formulations (ferrous sulfate, ferrous bisglycinate and ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [FEDTA]), and analyzed the effects on the composition of the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.
28368910	9	95	from	microbiota	1700:1709	arg1	mice					1726:1729	mice	1726:1729	mice	1726:1729	CONCLUSIONS These results show that the iron formulations used to treat iron deficiency influence the gut microbiota and colitis in mice and suggest that distinct iron compounds may be of particular relevance to patients with IBD.
28368910	5	96	theme	supplementation	939:953	arg1	use					991:993	the use	987:993	the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation	987:1086	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	5	96	theme	supplementation	939:953	arg1	effects					923:929	the effects	919:929	the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity	919:973	Using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we investigated the effects of iron supplementation in colitis severity, as well as the use of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) in combination with iron supplementation.
28368910	8	97	theme	iron	1551:1554	arg1	supplementation					1556:1570	oral iron supplementation	1546:1570	oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate	1546:1591	Finally, the beneficial effect of the probiotic EcN in the dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis model was potentiated by oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate.
27435567	9	0	from	angle	1536:1540	arg1	matrix					1563:1568	the extracellular matrix	1545:1568	the extracellular matrix	1545:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	1	theme	lateral	650:656	arg1	cartilages					665:674	lateral tibial cartilages	650:674	lateral tibial cartilages	650:674	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	2	theme	content	1677:1683	arg1	gradient					1652:1659	a steep gradient	1644:1659	a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix	1644:1733	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	2	3	theme	microscopic/microspectroscopic	315:344	arg1	methods					346:352	microscopic/microspectroscopic methods	315:352	microscopic/microspectroscopic methods	315:352	Depth dependent cartilage structure and composition were quantified with microscopic/microspectroscopic methods.
27435567	9	4	theme	collagen	1515:1522	arg1	angle					1536:1540	lower collagen orientation angle	1509:1540	lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix	1509:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	8	5	theme	cartilage	1327:1335	arg1	compression					1337:1347	cartilage compression	1327:1347	cartilage compression (R2=0.41)	1327:1357	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	8	5	theme	cartilage	1327:1335	arg1	R2=0.41					1350:1356	R2=0.41	1350:1356	R2=0.41	1350:1356	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	7	6	theme	collagen	1275:1282	arg1	β=0.455					1293:1299	β=0.455	1293:1299	β=0.455	1293:1299	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	7	6	theme	collagen	1275:1282	arg1	content					1284:1290	collagen content	1275:1290	collagen content (β=0.455)	1275:1300	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	1	7	theme	knee	207:210	arg1	locations					218:226	6 different knee joint locations	195:226	6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees)	195:239	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	1	7	theme	knee	207:210	arg1	knees					234:238	n=10 knees	229:238	n=10 knees	229:238	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	7	8	theme	height	1188:1193	arg1	deformations					1195:1206	Cell height deformations	1183:1206	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52)	1183:1216	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	7	8	theme	height	1188:1193	arg1	R2=0.52					1209:1215	R2=0.52	1209:1215	R2=0.52	1209:1215	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	9	9	theme	orientation	1524:1534	arg1	angle					1536:1540	lower collagen orientation angle	1509:1540	lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix	1509:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	10	from	contents	713:720	arg1	matrix					820:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	8	11	theme	Cell	1303:1306	arg1	change					1315:1320	Cell volume change	1303:1320	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41)	1303:1357	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	4	12	theme	lowest	723:728	arg1	angles					751:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	2	13	theme	dependent	248:256	arg1	structure					268:276	Depth dependent cartilage structure	242:276	Depth dependent cartilage structure	242:276	Depth dependent cartilage structure and composition were quantified with microscopic/microspectroscopic methods.
27435567	3	14	theme	tibial	362:367	arg1	cartilages					369:378	Medial tibial cartilages	355:378	Medial tibial cartilages	355:378	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	15	theme	pericellular	1715:1726	arg1	matrix					1728:1733	the pericellular matrix	1711:1733	the pericellular matrix	1711:1733	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	6	16	theme	Cell	1027:1030	arg1	deformations					1038:1049	Cell width deformations	1027:1049	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57)	1027:1059	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	16	theme	Cell	1027:1030	arg1	R2=0.57					1052:1058	R2=0.57	1052:1058	R2=0.57	1052:1058	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	7	17	theme	collagen	1239:1246	arg1	orientation					1248:1258	collagen orientation	1239:1258	collagen orientation (β=-0.248)	1239:1269	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	7	17	theme	collagen	1239:1246	arg1	β=-0.248					1261:1268	β=-0.248	1261:1268	β=-0.248	1261:1268	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	4	18	theme	pericellular	807:818	arg1	matrix					820:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	9	19	theme	superficial	1600:1610	arg1	deformations					1624:1635	superficial chondrocyte deformations	1600:1635	superficial chondrocyte deformations	1600:1635	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	20	theme	lowest	388:393	arg1	content					416:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	21	theme	low	763:765	arg1	contents					791:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	6	22	theme	standardized	1105:1116	arg1	angle					1098:1102	collagen orientation angle	1077:1102	collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398)	1077:1148	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	22	theme	standardized	1105:1116	arg1	coefficient					1129:1139	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	0	23	from	interactions	26:37	arg1	cartilage					70:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	4	24	theme	proteoglycan	778:789	arg1	contents					791:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	5	25	theme	linear	994:999	arg1	regression					1001:1010	a multivariable linear regression	978:1010	a multivariable linear regression	978:1010	To study cell-tissue interactions further, observations (n=57) from all locations were pooled and a multivariable linear regression was performed.
27435567	4	26	theme	smallest	845:852	arg1	deformations					866:877	the smallest chondrocyte deformations	841:877	the smallest chondrocyte deformations	841:877	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	9	27	from	conclusion	1441:1450	arg1	related					1575:1581	related	1575:1581	related	1575:1581	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	6	28	theme	collagen	1077:1084	arg1	angle					1098:1102	collagen orientation angle	1077:1102	collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398)	1077:1148	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	28	theme	collagen	1077:1084	arg1	coefficient					1129:1139	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	3	29	theme	collagen	407:414	arg1	content					416:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	1	30	dep	in	139:140	arg1	situ					142:145	situ	142:145	situ	142:145	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	3	31	theme	pericellular	501:512	arg1	matrix					514:519	the pericellular matrix	497:519	the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	497:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	32	from	angle	454:458	arg1	matrix					514:519	the pericellular matrix	497:519	the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	497:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	33	theme	increased	1755:1763	arg1	deformation					1770:1780	increased cell deformation	1755:1780	increased cell deformation	1755:1780	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	0	34	theme	Site-specific	0:12	arg1	interactions					26:37	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions	0:37	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.	0:79	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	3	35	theme	collagen	433:440	arg1	angle					454:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	1	36	theme	superficial	127:137	arg1	deformations					159:170	superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations	127:170	superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations	127:170	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	6	37	theme	collagen	1154:1161	arg1	β=-0.402					1172:1179	β=-0.402	1172:1179	β=-0.402	1172:1179	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	37	theme	collagen	1154:1161	arg1	content					1163:1169	collagen content	1154:1169	collagen content (β=-0.402)	1154:1180	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	3	38	theme	proteoglycan	473:484	arg1	content					486:492	highest proteoglycan content	465:492	highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	465:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	39	theme	femoral	631:637	arg1	groove					639:644	femoral groove	631:644	femoral groove	631:644	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	40	theme	relative	521:528	arg1	matrix					514:519	the pericellular matrix	497:519	the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	497:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	41	theme	orientation	739:749	arg1	angles					751:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	0	42	theme	rabbit	42:47	arg1	cartilage					70:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	0	43	theme	joint	54:58	arg1	cartilage					70:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	10	44	theme	tibial	1810:1815	arg1	cartilage					1825:1833	the medial tibial plateau cartilage	1799:1833	the medial tibial plateau cartilage	1799:1833	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	9	45	theme	collagen	1460:1467	arg1	contents					1486:1493	higher collagen and proteoglycan contents	1453:1493	higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix	1453:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	46	from	contents	791:798	arg1	matrix					820:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	9	47	theme	proteoglycan	1473:1484	arg1	contents					1486:1493	higher collagen and proteoglycan contents	1453:1493	higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix	1453:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	48	from	extracellular	1694:1706	arg1	gradient					1652:1659	a steep gradient	1644:1659	a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix	1644:1733	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	4	49	theme	highest	684:690	arg1	contents					713:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	9	50	theme	lower	1509:1513	arg1	angle					1536:1540	lower collagen orientation angle	1509:1540	lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix	1509:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	51	theme	tibial	658:663	arg1	cartilages					665:674	lateral tibial cartilages	650:674	lateral tibial cartilages	650:674	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	52	theme	proteoglycan	1664:1675	arg1	content					1677:1683	proteoglycan content	1664:1683	proteoglycan content	1664:1683	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	3	53	theme	chondrocyte	592:602	arg1	deformations					604:615	the largest chondrocyte deformations	580:615	the largest chondrocyte deformations	580:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	54	from	angles	751:756	arg1	matrix					820:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	the pericellular matrix	803:825	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	1	55	theme	different	197:205	arg1	locations					218:226	6 different knee joint locations	195:226	6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees)	195:239	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	1	55	theme	different	197:205	arg1	knees					234:238	n=10 knees	229:238	n=10 knees	229:238	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	5	56	theme	cell-tissue	889:899	arg1	interactions					901:912	cell-tissue interactions	889:912	cell-tissue interactions	889:912	To study cell-tissue interactions further, observations (n=57) from all locations were pooled and a multivariable linear regression was performed.
27435567	4	57	theme	collagen	730:737	arg1	angles					751:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	7	58	theme	Cell	1183:1186	arg1	deformations					1195:1206	Cell height deformations	1183:1206	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52)	1183:1216	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	7	58	theme	Cell	1183:1186	arg1	R2=0.52					1209:1215	R2=0.52	1209:1215	R2=0.52	1209:1215	Cell height deformations (R2=0.52) also correlated with collagen orientation (β=-0.248) and collagen content (β=0.455).
27435567	1	59	theme	joint	212:216	arg1	locations					218:226	6 different knee joint locations	195:226	6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees)	195:239	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	1	59	theme	joint	212:216	arg1	knees					234:238	n=10 knees	229:238	n=10 knees	229:238	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	9	60	theme	extracellular	1549:1561	arg1	matrix					1563:1568	the extracellular matrix	1545:1568	the extracellular matrix	1545:1568	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	8	61	theme	proteoglycan	1406:1417	arg1	β=0.279					1428:1434	β=0.279	1428:1434	β=0.279	1428:1434	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	8	61	theme	proteoglycan	1406:1417	arg1	content					1419:1425	proteoglycan content	1406:1425	proteoglycan content (β=0.279)	1406:1435	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	4	62	theme	collagen	704:711	arg1	contents					713:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	63	from	content	416:422	arg1	matrix					514:519	the pericellular matrix	497:519	the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	497:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	2	64	theme	cartilage	258:266	arg1	structure					268:276	Depth dependent cartilage structure	242:276	Depth dependent cartilage structure	242:276	Depth dependent cartilage structure and composition were quantified with microscopic/microspectroscopic methods.
27435567	1	65	theme	in	139:140	arg1	deformations					159:170	superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations	127:170	superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations	127:170	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	8	66	theme	volume	1308:1313	arg1	change					1315:1320	Cell volume change	1303:1320	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41)	1303:1357	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	6	67	theme	width	1032:1036	arg1	deformations					1038:1049	Cell width deformations	1027:1049	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57)	1027:1059	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	67	theme	width	1032:1036	arg1	R2=0.57					1052:1058	R2=0.57	1052:1058	R2=0.57	1052:1058	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	8	68	theme	collagen	1375:1382	arg1	β=0.435					1393:1399	β=0.435	1393:1399	β=0.435	1393:1399	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	8	68	theme	collagen	1375:1382	arg1	content					1384:1390	collagen content	1375:1390	collagen content (β=0.435)	1375:1400	Cell volume change upon cartilage compression (R2=0.41) correlated with collagen content (β=0.435) and proteoglycan content (β=0.279).
27435567	9	69	from	reductions	1586:1595	arg1	deformations					1624:1635	superficial chondrocyte deformations	1600:1635	superficial chondrocyte deformations	1600:1635	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	1	70	theme	chondrocyte	147:157	arg1	deformations					159:170	superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations	127:170	superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations	127:170	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	3	71	theme	Medial	355:360	arg1	cartilages					369:378	Medial tibial cartilages	355:378	Medial tibial cartilages	355:378	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	72	contain	had	676:678	arg1	cartilages					665:674	lateral tibial cartilages	650:674	lateral tibial cartilages	650:674	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	72	contain	had	676:678	arg2	angles					751:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	lowest collagen orientation angles	723:756	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	72	contain	had	676:678	arg2	contents					791:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	72	contain	had	676:678	arg2	contents					713:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	72	contain	had	676:678	arg1	groove					639:644	femoral groove	631:644	femoral groove	631:644	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	9	73	theme	chondrocyte	1612:1622	arg1	deformations					1624:1635	superficial chondrocyte deformations	1600:1635	superficial chondrocyte deformations	1600:1635	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	6	74	theme	regression	1118:1127	arg1	angle					1098:1102	collagen orientation angle	1077:1102	collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398)	1077:1148	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	74	theme	regression	1118:1127	arg1	coefficient					1129:1139	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	3	75	theme	superficial	395:405	arg1	content					416:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	5	76	from	locations	952:960	arg1	n=57					937:940	n=57	937:940	n=57	937:940	To study cell-tissue interactions further, observations (n=57) from all locations were pooled and a multivariable linear regression was performed.
27435567	5	76	from	locations	952:960	arg1	observations					923:934	observations	923:934	observations (n=57) from all locations	923:960	To study cell-tissue interactions further, observations (n=57) from all locations were pooled and a multivariable linear regression was performed.
27435567	5	77	theme	multivariable	980:992	arg1	regression					1001:1010	a multivariable linear regression	978:1010	a multivariable linear regression	978:1010	To study cell-tissue interactions further, observations (n=57) from all locations were pooled and a multivariable linear regression was performed.
27435567	4	78	theme	normalized	767:776	arg1	contents					791:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	low normalized proteoglycan contents	763:798	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	79	from	content	486:492	arg1	matrix					514:519	the pericellular matrix	497:519	the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	497:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	6	80	theme	orientation	1086:1096	arg1	angle					1098:1102	collagen orientation angle	1077:1102	collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398)	1077:1148	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	6	80	theme	orientation	1086:1096	arg1	coefficient					1129:1139	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	standardized regression coefficient β=0.398	1105:1147	Cell width deformations (R2=0.57) correlated with collagen orientation angle (standardized regression coefficient β=0.398) and collagen content (β=-0.402).
27435567	3	81	theme	highest	425:431	arg1	angle					454:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	82	theme	medial	1803:1808	arg1	cartilage					1825:1833	the medial tibial plateau cartilage	1799:1833	the medial tibial plateau cartilage	1799:1833	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	4	83	theme	chondrocyte	854:864	arg1	deformations					866:877	the smallest chondrocyte deformations	841:877	the smallest chondrocyte deformations	841:877	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	84	theme	cell	1765:1768	arg1	deformation					1770:1780	increased cell deformation	1755:1780	increased cell deformation	1755:1780	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	0	85	theme	cell-tissue	14:24	arg1	interactions					26:37	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions	0:37	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.	0:79	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	1	86	theme	cartilage	103:111	arg1	structure					113:121	cartilage structure	103:121	cartilage structure	103:121	Relationships between cartilage structure and superficial in situ chondrocyte deformations were investigated from 6 different knee joint locations (n=10 knees).
27435567	3	87	theme	orientation	442:452	arg1	angle					454:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	0	88	theme	knee	49:52	arg1	cartilage					70:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	0	89	theme	articular	60:68	arg1	cartilage					70:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	rabbit knee joint articular cartilage	42:78	Site-specific cell-tissue interactions in rabbit knee joint articular cartilage.
27435567	9	90	from	related	1575:1581	arg1	conclusion					1441:1450	conclusion	1441:1450	conclusion	1441:1450	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	91	theme	highest	465:471	arg1	content					486:492	highest proteoglycan content	465:492	highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	465:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	92	dep	content	416:422	arg1	the					384:386	the	384:386	the	384:386	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	93	theme	plateau	1817:1823	arg1	cartilage					1825:1833	the medial tibial plateau cartilage	1799:1833	the medial tibial plateau cartilage	1799:1833	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	9	94	theme	higher	1453:1458	arg1	collagen					1460:1467	higher collagen	1453:1467	higher collagen	1453:1467	In conclusion, higher collagen and proteoglycan contents combined with lower collagen orientation angle in the extracellular matrix were related to reductions in superficial chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	95	theme	extracellular	545:557	arg1	matrix					559:564	the extracellular matrix	541:564	the extracellular matrix	541:564	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	96	contain	had	380:382	arg2	content					486:492	highest proteoglycan content	465:492	highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations	465:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	96	contain	had	380:382	arg2	content					416:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	superficial collagen content	395:422	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	96	contain	had	380:382	arg2	angle					454:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	highest collagen orientation angle	425:458	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	3	96	contain	had	380:382	arg1	cartilages					369:378	Medial tibial cartilages	355:378	Medial tibial cartilages	355:378	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	4	97	theme	superficial	692:702	arg1	contents					713:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	the highest superficial collagen contents	680:720	In contrast, femoral groove and lateral tibial cartilages had the highest superficial collagen contents, lowest collagen orientation angles, and low normalized proteoglycan contents in the pericellular matrix, coupled with the smallest chondrocyte deformations.
27435567	10	98	theme	steep	1646:1650	arg1	gradient					1652:1659	a steep gradient	1644:1659	a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix	1644:1733	Also, a steep gradient of proteoglycan content from the extracellular to the pericellular matrix was associated with increased cell deformation, particularly in the medial tibial plateau cartilage.
27435567	3	99	theme	largest	584:590	arg1	deformations					604:615	the largest chondrocyte deformations	580:615	the largest chondrocyte deformations	580:615	Medial tibial cartilages had the lowest superficial collagen content, highest collagen orientation angle, and highest proteoglycan content in the pericellular matrix relative to that in the extracellular matrix, coupled with the largest chondrocyte deformations.
24497501	4	0	theme	members	937:943	arg1	representation					914:927	the abundant representation	901:927	the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations	901:979	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	3	1	theme	enriched	608:615	arg1	fraction					621:628	enriched DNA fraction	608:628	enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	608:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	6	2	theme	cellulose	1353:1361	arg1	process					1375:1381	the cellulose degradation process	1349:1381	the cellulose degradation process	1349:1381	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	1	3	theme	diversity	229:237	arg1	exploration					200:210	the exploration	196:210	the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	196:286	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	3	4	theme	solid	655:659	arg1	samples					667:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples	635:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	635:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	6	5	theme	extracellular	1440:1452	arg1	process					1475:1481	an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process	1437:1481	an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process	1437:1481	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	3	6	theme	anaerobic	635:643	arg1	samples					667:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples	635:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	635:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	7	theme	gene	457:460	arg1	sequences					462:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences	446:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division	446:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	1	8	theme	anaerobic	245:253	arg1	digester					279:286	an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	242:286	an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	242:286	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	1	9	theme	candidate	155:163	arg1	division					165:172	the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division	122:172	the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division	122:172	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	4	10	theme	WWE1	805:808	arg1	probe					810:814	a specific WWE1 probe	794:814	a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	794:886	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	3	11	theme	WWE1	486:489	arg1	division					501:508	WWE1 candidate division	486:508	WWE1 candidate division	486:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	5	12	theme	high-resolution	1106:1120	arg1	observation					1154:1164	high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1106:1164	high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1106:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	2	13	theme	stable	376:381	arg1	isotope					383:389	stable isotope	376:389	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	6	14	theme	fermentation	1504:1515	arg1	products					1517:1524	the uptake fermentation products	1493:1524	the uptake fermentation products	1493:1524	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	1	15	theme	mesophilic	255:264	arg1	digester					279:286	an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	242:286	an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	242:286	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	5	16	theme	members	1203:1209	arg1	enrichment					1189:1198	the isotopic enrichment	1176:1198	the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division	1176:1236	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	1	17	theme	WWE1	126:129	arg1	division					165:172	the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division	122:172	the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division	122:172	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	4	18	theme	hybridization	857:869	arg1	technique					878:886	the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	832:886	the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	832:886	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	5	19	theme	WWE1	1214:1217	arg1	division					1229:1236	WWE1 candidate division	1214:1236	WWE1 candidate division	1214:1236	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	6	20	theme	cells	1299:1303	arg1	composition					1268:1278	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition	1239:1278	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells	1239:1303	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	5	21	theme	spectrometry-in	1001:1015	arg1	SIMSISH					1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	5	21	theme	spectrometry-in	1001:1015	arg1	hybridization					1022:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization	982:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	982:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	6	22	theme	hydrolysis	1464:1473	arg1	process					1475:1481	an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process	1437:1481	an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process	1437:1481	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	1	23	theme	Waste	132:136	arg1	Water					138:142	Waste Water	132:142	Waste Water of Evry 1	132:152	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	6	24	theme	hybridized	1283:1292	arg1	cells					1299:1303	hybridized WWE1 cells	1283:1303	hybridized WWE1 cells	1283:1303	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	3	25	theme	Pla46F-1390R	754:765	arg1	pair					774:777	a Pla46F-1390R primer pair	752:777	a Pla46F-1390R primer pair	752:777	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	1	26	dep	mesophilic	255:264	arg1	0.5°C					272:276	0.5°C	272:276	0.5°C	272:276	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	4	27	theme	in	849:850	arg1	hybridization					857:869	the fluorescence in situ hybridization	832:869	the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	832:886	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	4	27	theme	in	849:850	arg1	FISH					872:875	FISH	872:875	FISH	872:875	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	3	28	from	samples	667:673	arg1	fraction					621:628	enriched DNA fraction	608:628	enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	608:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	28	from	samples	667:673	arg1	amplification					591:603	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification	559:603	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	559:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	0	29	theme	cellulose	101:109	arg1	digestion					88:96	anaerobic digestion	78:96	anaerobic digestion of cellulose	78:109	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	5	30	theme	ion	992:994	arg1	SIMSISH					1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	5	30	theme	ion	992:994	arg1	hybridization					1022:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization	982:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	982:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	2	31	theme	probing	391:397	arg1	method					405:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	2	32	theme	WWE1	339:342	arg1	members					344:350	WWE1 members	339:350	WWE1 members	339:350	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	4	33	theme	abundant	905:912	arg1	representation					914:927	the abundant representation	901:927	the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations	901:979	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	5	34	theme	iodine-labeled	1055:1068	arg1	probe					1086:1090	an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe	1052:1090	an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1052:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	4	35	theme	WWE1	932:935	arg1	members					937:943	WWE1 members	932:943	WWE1 members	932:943	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	5	36	theme	division	1229:1236	arg1	members					1203:1209	members	1203:1209	members of WWE1 candidate division	1203:1236	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	2	37	theme	gene	364:367	arg1	method					405:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	4	38	from	representation	914:927	arg1	incubations					969:979	our (13) C-cellulose incubations	948:979	our (13) C-cellulose incubations	948:979	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	2	39	theme	16S	355:357	arg1	gene					364:367	a 16S rRNA gene	353:367	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	0	40	theme	bacterial	26:34	arg1	WWE1					55:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	3	41	theme	chain	570:574	arg1	reaction					576:583	polymerase chain reaction	559:583	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	559:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	41	theme	chain	570:574	arg1	PCR					586:588	PCR	586:588	PCR	586:588	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	0	42	theme	division	46:53	arg1	WWE1					55:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	2	43	used	used	416:419	arg2	method					405:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	6	44	theme	%	1334:1334	arg1	value					1317:1321	the value	1313:1321	the value of about 40%	1313:1334	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	1	45	dep	division	165:172	arg1	Water					138:142	Waste Water	132:142	Waste Water of Evry 1	132:152	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	3	46	theme	16S	446:448	arg1	sequences					462:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences	446:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division	446:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	47	from	amplification	591:603	arg1	samples					667:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples	635:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	635:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	6	48	theme	WWE1	1294:1297	arg1	cells					1299:1303	hybridized WWE1 cells	1283:1303	hybridized WWE1 cells	1283:1303	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	6	49	theme	degradation	1363:1373	arg1	process					1375:1381	the cellulose degradation process	1349:1381	the cellulose degradation process	1349:1381	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	1	50	theme	bacterial	219:227	arg1	diversity					229:237	the bacterial diversity	215:237	the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	215:286	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	3	51	theme	DNA	617:619	arg1	fraction					621:628	enriched DNA fraction	608:628	enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	608:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	52	theme	sequences	462:470	arg1	percent					435:441	Eighty-seven percent	422:441	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division	422:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	5	53	theme	nanometer-scale	1122:1136	arg1	observation					1154:1164	high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1106:1164	high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1106:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	3	54	theme	waste	661:665	arg1	samples					667:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples	635:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	635:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	55	theme	rRNA	452:455	arg1	sequences					462:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences	446:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division	446:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	1	56	theme	Evry	147:150	arg1	Water					138:142	Waste Water	132:142	Waste Water of Evry 1	132:152	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	3	57	theme	municipal	645:653	arg1	samples					667:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples	635:673	anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	635:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	58	theme	candidate	491:499	arg1	division					501:508	WWE1 candidate division	486:508	WWE1 candidate division	486:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	4	59	dep	in	849:850	arg1	situ					852:855	situ	852:855	situ	852:855	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	1	60	theme	division	165:172	arg1	Clones					112:117	Clones	112:117	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division	112:172	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	4	61	theme	specific	796:803	arg1	probe					810:814	a specific WWE1 probe	794:814	a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	794:886	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	4	62	theme	probe	810:814	arg1	design					784:789	The design	780:789	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	780:886	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	6	63	theme	uptake	1497:1502	arg1	products					1517:1524	the uptake fermentation products	1493:1524	the uptake fermentation products	1493:1524	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	3	64	theme	clone	530:534	arg1	library					536:542	a clone library	528:542	a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	528:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	0	65	theme	anaerobic	78:86	arg1	digestion					88:96	anaerobic digestion	78:96	anaerobic digestion of cellulose	78:109	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	5	66	theme	situ	1017:1020	arg1	SIMSISH					1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	5	66	theme	situ	1017:1020	arg1	hybridization					1022:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization	982:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	982:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	6	67	theme	cellulose	1454:1462	arg1	process					1475:1481	an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process	1437:1481	an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process	1437:1481	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	5	68	theme	isotopic	1180:1187	arg1	enrichment					1189:1198	the isotopic enrichment	1176:1198	the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division	1176:1236	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	3	69	theme	primer	767:772	arg1	pair					774:777	a Pla46F-1390R primer pair	752:777	a Pla46F-1390R primer pair	752:777	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	70	theme	incubation	726:735	arg1	end					715:717	the end	711:717	the end of the incubation (day 63)	711:744	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	6	71	theme	isotopic	1259:1266	arg1	composition					1268:1278	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition	1239:1278	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells	1239:1303	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	5	72	theme	Secondary	982:990	arg1	SIMSISH					1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	5	72	theme	Secondary	982:990	arg1	hybridization					1022:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization	982:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	982:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	4	73	theme	fluorescence	836:847	arg1	hybridization					857:869	the fluorescence in situ hybridization	832:869	the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique	832:886	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	4	73	theme	fluorescence	836:847	arg1	FISH					872:875	FISH	872:875	FISH	872:875	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	2	74	theme	members	344:350	arg1	function					327:334	the metabolic function	313:334	the metabolic function of WWE1 members	313:350	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	5	75	theme	mass	996:999	arg1	SIMSISH					1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	SIMSISH	1037:1043	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	5	75	theme	mass	996:999	arg1	hybridization					1022:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization	982:1034	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	982:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	2	76	theme	isotope	383:389	arg1	SIP					400:402	SIP	400:402	SIP	400:402	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	2	76	theme	isotope	383:389	arg1	probing					391:397	stable isotope probing	376:397	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	5	77	theme	candidate	1219:1227	arg1	division					1229:1236	WWE1 candidate division	1214:1236	WWE1 candidate division	1214:1236	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	0	78	theme	uncultured	15:24	arg1	WWE1					55:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	5	79	theme	oligonucleotide	1070:1084	arg1	probe					1086:1090	an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe	1052:1090	an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1052:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	2	80	theme	-based	369:374	arg1	method					405:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	3	81	theme	reaction	576:583	arg1	amplification					591:603	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification	559:603	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	559:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	2	82	theme	rRNA	359:362	arg1	gene					364:367	a 16S rRNA gene	353:367	a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method	353:410	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	0	83	theme	candidate	36:44	arg1	WWE1					55:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	11:58	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	3	84	theme	polymerase	559:568	arg1	reaction					576:583	polymerase chain reaction	559:583	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	559:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	84	theme	polymerase	559:568	arg1	PCR					586:588	PCR	586:588	PCR	586:588	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	6	85	theme	apparent	1250:1257	arg1	composition					1268:1278	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition	1239:1278	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells	1239:1303	The (13) C apparent isotopic composition of hybridized WWE1 cells reached the value of about 40% early during the cellulose degradation process, suggesting that these bacteria play a role either in an extracellular cellulose hydrolysis process and/or in the uptake fermentation products.
24497501	0	86	theme	WWE1	55:58	arg1	Members					0:6	Members	0:6	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1	0:58	Members of the uncultured bacterial candidate division WWE1 are implicated in anaerobic digestion of cellulose.
24497501	1	87	theme	digester	279:286	arg1	diversity					229:237	the bacterial diversity	215:237	the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester	215:286	Clones of the WWE1 (Waste Water of Evry 1) candidate division were retrieved during the exploration of the bacterial diversity of an anaerobic mesophilic (35 ± 0.5°C) digester.
24497501	2	88	theme	metabolic	317:325	arg1	function					327:334	the metabolic function	313:334	the metabolic function of WWE1 members	313:350	In order to investigate the metabolic function of WWE1 members, a 16S rRNA gene -based stable isotope probing (SIP) method was used.
24497501	5	89	theme	NanoSIMS	1144:1151	arg1	observation					1154:1164	high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1106:1164	high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation	1106:1164	Secondary ion mass spectrometry-in situ hybridization (SIMSISH) using an iodine-labeled oligonucleotide probe combined with high-resolution nanometer-scale SIMS (NanoSIMS) observation confirmed the isotopic enrichment of members of WWE1 candidate division.
24497501	4	90	theme	C-cellulose	957:967	arg1	incubations					969:979	our (13) C-cellulose incubations	948:979	our (13) C-cellulose incubations	948:979	The design of a specific WWE1 probe associated with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique corroborated the abundant representation of WWE1 members in our (13) C-cellulose incubations.
24497501	3	91	theme	fraction	621:628	arg1	amplification					591:603	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification	559:603	polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose	559:705	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
24497501	3	92	theme	r	450:450	arg1	sequences					462:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences	446:470	16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division	446:508	Eighty-seven percent of 16S r rRNA gene sequences affiliated to WWE1 candidate division were retrieved in a clone library obtained after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of enriched DNA fraction from anaerobic municipal solid waste samples incubated with (13) C-cellulose, at the end of the incubation (day 63) using a Pla46F-1390R primer pair.
22042457	3	0	theme	cells	764:768	arg1	viability					706:714	viability	706:714	viability	706:714	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	0	theme	cells	764:768	arg1	adherence					695:703	adherence	695:703	adherence	695:703	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	0	theme	cells	764:768	arg1	expression					736:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	1	theme	morphological	544:556	arg1	properties					558:567	The physical and morphological properties	527:567	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds	527:584	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	1	2	theme	tissue	360:365	arg1	applications					379:390	tissue engineering applications	360:390	tissue engineering applications	360:390	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	3	3	theme	prime	720:724	arg1	expression					736:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	4	4	theme	better	812:817	arg1	performance					819:829	better performance	812:829	better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	812:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	0	5	theme	molecular	88:96	arg1	expressions					98:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	1	6	theme	engineering	367:377	arg1	applications					379:390	tissue engineering applications	360:390	tissue engineering applications	360:390	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	0	7	with	3T3	73:75	arg1	expressions					98:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	0	8	theme	prime	82:86	arg1	expressions					98:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	3	9	theme	HaCaT	750:754	arg1	cells					764:768	HaCaT and 3T3 cells	750:768	cells	764:768	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	4	10	theme	E-cadherin	949:958	arg1	viability					885:893	viability	885:893	viability	885:893	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	10	theme	E-cadherin	949:958	arg1	expression					906:915	proper expression	899:915	proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	899:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	10	theme	E-cadherin	949:958	arg1	adherence					874:882	cellular adherence	865:882	cellular adherence	865:882	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	11	theme	honey-alginate	775:788	arg1	scaffold					790:797	The honey-alginate scaffold	771:797	The honey-alginate scaffold	771:797	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	0	12	with	HaCaT	63:67	arg1	expressions					98:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	prime molecular expressions	82:108	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	3	13	theme	scaffolds	576:584	arg1	properties					558:567	The physical and morphological properties	527:567	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds	527:584	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	2	14	theme	fibrous	422:428	arg1	mat					430:432	fibrous mat	422:432	fibrous mat	422:432	Hence, this study fabricates fibrous mat from optimum honey-alginate formulation and alginate solution using wet spinning technology.
22042457	4	15	theme	expression	906:915	arg1	terms					856:860	terms	856:860	terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	856:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	2	16	theme	alginate	478:485	arg1	solution					487:494	alginate solution	478:494	alginate solution	478:494	Hence, this study fabricates fibrous mat from optimum honey-alginate formulation and alginate solution using wet spinning technology.
22042457	3	17	from	studies	684:690	arg1	viability					706:714	viability	706:714	viability	706:714	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	17	from	studies	684:690	arg1	adherence					695:703	adherence	695:703	adherence	695:703	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	17	from	studies	684:690	arg1	expression					736:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	4	18	theme	adhesion	930:937	arg1	E-cadherin					949:958	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	19	from	performance	819:829	arg1	terms					856:860	terms	856:860	terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	856:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	3	20	theme	comparative	617:627	arg1	performances					640:651	their comparative biological performances	611:651	their comparative biological performances	611:651	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	1	21	theme	therapeutic	187:197	arg1	efficacy					199:206	therapeutic efficacy	187:206	therapeutic efficacy	187:206	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	1	21	theme	therapeutic	187:197	arg1	agent					250:254	a topical agent	240:254	a topical agent	240:254	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	0	22	theme	Ex	0:1	arg1	bio-compatibility					8:24	Ex vivo bio-compatibility	0:24	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.	0:109	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	4	23	theme	cell-cell	920:928	arg1	E-cadherin					949:958	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	3	24	theme	biological	629:638	arg1	performances					640:651	their comparative biological performances	611:651	their comparative biological performances	611:651	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	4	25	theme	molecule	939:946	arg1	E-cadherin					949:958	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	26	theme	adherence	874:882	arg1	terms					856:860	terms	856:860	terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	856:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	27	theme	cellular	990:997	arg1	Collagen					1007:1014	Collagen I and III	1007:1024	Collagen	1007:1014	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	27	theme	cellular	990:997	arg1	III					1022:1024	III	1022:1024	III	1022:1024	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	27	theme	cellular	990:997	arg1	matrix					999:1004	extra cellular matrix	984:1004	extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	984:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	2	28	theme	honey-alginate	447:460	arg1	formulation					462:472	optimum honey-alginate formulation	439:472	optimum honey-alginate formulation	439:472	Hence, this study fabricates fibrous mat from optimum honey-alginate formulation and alginate solution using wet spinning technology.
22042457	4	29	theme	extra	984:988	arg1	Collagen					1007:1014	Collagen I and III	1007:1024	Collagen	1007:1014	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	29	theme	extra	984:988	arg1	III					1022:1024	III	1022:1024	III	1022:1024	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	29	theme	extra	984:988	arg1	matrix					999:1004	extra cellular matrix	984:1004	extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	984:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	30	theme	matrix	999:1004	arg1	molecules					971:979	prime molecules	965:979	prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	965:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	30	theme	matrix	999:1004	arg1	E-cadherin					949:958	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin)	920:959	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	2	31	theme	optimum	439:445	arg1	formulation					462:472	optimum honey-alginate formulation	439:472	optimum honey-alginate formulation	439:472	Hence, this study fabricates fibrous mat from optimum honey-alginate formulation and alginate solution using wet spinning technology.
22042457	0	32	theme	fibrous	44:50	arg1	matrix					52:57	honey-alginate fibrous matrix	29:57	honey-alginate fibrous matrix	29:57	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	1	33	theme	biomaterial	300:310	arg1	potential					312:320	its biomaterial potential	296:320	its biomaterial potential	296:320	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	4	34	theme	viability	885:893	arg1	terms					856:860	terms	856:860	terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	856:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	2	35	theme	spinning	506:513	arg1	technology					515:524	wet spinning technology	502:524	wet spinning technology	502:524	Hence, this study fabricates fibrous mat from optimum honey-alginate formulation and alginate solution using wet spinning technology.
22042457	0	36	theme	honey-alginate	29:42	arg1	matrix					52:57	honey-alginate fibrous matrix	29:57	honey-alginate fibrous matrix	29:57	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	1	37	theme	tissue	223:228	arg1	repair					230:235	tissue repair	223:235	tissue repair	223:235	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	2	38	theme	wet	502:504	arg1	technology					515:524	wet spinning technology	502:524	wet spinning technology	502:524	Hence, this study fabricates fibrous mat from optimum honey-alginate formulation and alginate solution using wet spinning technology.
22042457	4	39	theme	prime	965:969	arg1	molecules					971:979	prime molecules	965:979	prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	965:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	40	theme	proper	899:904	arg1	expression					906:915	proper expression	899:915	proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	899:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	3	41	theme	physical	531:538	arg1	properties					558:567	The physical and morphological properties	527:567	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds	527:584	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	0	42	theme	matrix	52:57	arg1	bio-compatibility					8:24	Ex vivo bio-compatibility	0:24	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.	0:109	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	4	43	theme	cellular	865:872	arg1	adherence					874:882	cellular adherence	865:882	cellular adherence	865:882	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	1	44	theme	inherent	119:126	arg1	diversity					142:150	Honey's inherent compositional diversity	111:150	Honey's inherent compositional diversity	111:150	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	4	45	theme	molecules	971:979	arg1	viability					885:893	viability	885:893	viability	885:893	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	45	theme	molecules	971:979	arg1	expression					906:915	proper expression	899:915	proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III)	899:1025	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	4	45	theme	molecules	971:979	arg1	adherence					874:882	cellular adherence	865:882	cellular adherence	865:882	The honey-alginate scaffold demonstrates better performance than that of alginate in terms of cellular adherence, viability and proper expression of cell-cell adhesion molecule (E-cadherin) and prime molecules of extra cellular matrix (Collagen I and III) by HaCaT and 3T3 respectively.
22042457	1	46	dep	agent	250:254	arg1	attract					257:263	attract	257:263	attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications	257:390	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	1	47	theme	compositional	128:140	arg1	diversity					142:150	Honey's inherent compositional diversity	111:150	Honey's inherent compositional diversity	111:150	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	3	48	theme	molecular	726:734	arg1	expression					736:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	prime molecular expression	720:745	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	49	theme	in	675:676	arg1	studies					684:690	in vitro studies	675:690	in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells	675:768	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	50	dep	in	675:676	arg1	vitro					678:682	vitro	678:682	vitro	678:682	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	3	51	theme	3T3	760:762	arg1	cells					764:768	HaCaT and 3T3 cells	750:768	cells	764:768	The physical and morphological properties of the scaffolds are assessed and finally their comparative biological performances are evaluated through in vitro studies on adherence, viability and prime molecular expression of HaCaT and 3T3 cells.
22042457	0	52	dep	Ex	0:1	arg1	vivo					3:6	vivo	3:6	vivo	3:6	Ex vivo bio-compatibility of honey-alginate fibrous matrix for HaCaT and 3T3 with prime molecular expressions.
22042457	1	53	theme	topical	242:248	arg1	efficacy					199:206	therapeutic efficacy	187:206	therapeutic efficacy	187:206	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
22042457	1	53	theme	topical	242:248	arg1	agent					250:254	a topical agent	240:254	a topical agent	240:254	Honey's inherent compositional diversity, bio-compatibility and time tested therapeutic efficacy, especially in tissue repair as a topical agent, attract researchers towards harnessing its biomaterial potential particularly in developing matrix for tissue engineering applications.
26335156	4	0	theme	slurry	851:856	arg1	composition					823:833	the composition	819:833	the composition of the original slurry of gelatin	819:867	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	7	1	theme	optimal	1225:1231	arg1	composition					1233:1243	An optimal composition	1222:1243	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties	1222:1291	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	2	2	theme	gelatin	359:365	arg1	composition					314:324	varying composition	306:324	varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin	306:365	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	10	3	from	lamellipodia	1832:1843	arg1	evident					1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	4	4	theme	gelatin	861:867	arg1	slurry					851:856	the original slurry	838:856	the original slurry of gelatin	838:867	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	7	5	from	composition	1233:1243	arg1	terms					1248:1252	terms	1248:1252	terms of pore size and mechanical properties	1248:1291	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	3	6	theme	phosphate	740:748	arg1	solution					659:666	aqueous solution	651:666	aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	651:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	6	theme	phosphate	740:748	arg1	solution					601:608	a solution	599:608	a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	599:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	1	7	theme	human	279:283	arg1	bone					285:288	human bone	279:288	human bone	279:288	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	9	8	theme	stem	1634:1637	arg1	cell					1639:1642	mesenchymal stem cell	1622:1642	mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)	1622:1648	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	9	8	theme	stem	1634:1637	arg1	MSC					1645:1647	MSC	1645:1647	MSC	1645:1647	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	6	9	theme	HA	1152:1153	arg1	granules					1155:1162	The HA granules	1148:1162	The HA granules	1148:1162	The HA granules were uniformly dispersed in the gelatin-chitosan network.
26335156	3	10	theme	diammonium	720:729	arg1	phosphate					740:748	diammonium hydrogen phosphate	720:748	diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	720:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	10	theme	diammonium	720:729	arg1	PO4					759:761	PO4	759:761	PO4	759:761	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	10	11	from	cytoskeleton	1877:1888	arg1	lamellipodia					1832:1843	lamellipodia	1832:1843	lamellipodia	1832:1843	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	10	11	from	cytoskeleton	1877:1888	arg1	differentiation					1910:1924	differentiation	1910:1924	differentiation	1910:1924	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	10	11	from	cytoskeleton	1877:1888	arg1	extensions					1856:1865	filopodia extensions	1846:1865	filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton	1846:1888	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	10	11	from	cytoskeleton	1877:1888	arg1	proliferation					1891:1903	proliferation	1891:1903	proliferation	1891:1903	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	6	12	theme	gelatin-chitosan	1196:1211	arg1	network					1213:1219	the gelatin-chitosan network	1192:1219	the gelatin-chitosan network	1192:1219	The HA granules were uniformly dispersed in the gelatin-chitosan network.
26335156	7	13	theme	21:49:30	1352:1359	arg1	ratio					1343:1347	Chi:Gel ratio	1335:1347	Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30	1335:1359	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	2	14	theme	varying	306:312	arg1	composition					314:324	varying composition	306:324	varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin	306:365	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	10	15	from	proliferation	1891:1903	arg1	evident					1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	9	16	theme	materials	1652:1660	arg1	interaction					1662:1672	mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction	1622:1672	mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction	1622:1672	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	3	17	theme	acid	623:626	arg1	chitosan					638:645	2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	613:645	2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	613:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	1	18	theme	template	224:231	arg1	matrix					233:238	a template matrix	222:238	a template matrix	222:238	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	8	19	theme	pore	1410:1413	arg1	distribution					1420:1431	pore size distribution	1410:1431	pore size distribution of 35-150 μm	1410:1444	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	10	20	theme	cell	1943:1946	arg1	culture					1948:1954	cell culture	1943:1954	cell culture	1943:1954	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	3	21	theme	%	614:614	arg1	acid					623:626	2% acetic acid	613:626	2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	613:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	22	theme	aqueous	651:657	arg1	solution					659:666	aqueous solution	651:666	aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	651:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	4	23	theme	mechanical	938:947	arg1	properties					949:958	mechanical properties	938:958	mechanical properties	938:958	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	8	24	theme	35-150 μm	1436:1444	arg1	distribution					1420:1431	pore size distribution	1410:1431	pore size distribution of 35-150 μm	1410:1444	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	5	25	with	scaffold	1095:1102	arg1	size					1116:1119	a pore size	1109:1119	a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm	1109:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	0	26	theme	controlled	82:91	arg1	size					98:101	controlled pore size	82:101	controlled pore size	82:101	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength.
26335156	5	27	theme	pore	1111:1114	arg1	size					1116:1119	a pore size	1109:1119	a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm	1109:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	3	28	theme	chitosan	638:645	arg1	solution					659:666	aqueous solution	651:666	aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	651:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	28	theme	chitosan	638:645	arg1	solution					601:608	a solution	599:608	a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	599:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	2	29	with	Scaffolds	291:299	arg1	composition					314:324	varying composition	306:324	varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin	306:365	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	9	30	theme	bromide	1736:1742	arg1	assay					1745:1749	MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay	1678:1749	MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs	1678:1760	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	10	31	from	differentiation	1910:1924	arg1	evident					1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	1	32	theme	nanocomposite	173:185	arg1	scaffold					187:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold	128:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold	128:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	0	33	theme	mechanical	107:116	arg1	strength					118:125	mechanical strength	107:125	mechanical strength	107:125	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength.
26335156	5	34	theme	porous	1088:1093	arg1	scaffold					1095:1102	a well interconnected porous scaffold	1066:1102	a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm	1066:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	8	35	theme	3.3-3.5 MPa	1482:1492	arg1	strength					1470:1477	a compressive strength	1456:1477	a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone	1456:1556	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	1	36	theme	bone	285:288	arg1	matrix					269:274	extra cellular matrix	254:274	extra cellular matrix of human bone	254:288	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	0	37	theme	gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite	15:45	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite	0:45	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength.
26335156	1	38	theme	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin	128:158	arg1	scaffold					187:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold	128:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold	128:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	4	39	theme	scaffolds	967:975	arg1	distribution					920:931	its distribution	916:931	its distribution	916:931	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	4	39	theme	scaffolds	967:975	arg1	properties					949:958	mechanical properties	938:958	mechanical properties	938:958	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	4	39	theme	scaffolds	967:975	arg1	size					910:913	pore size	905:913	pore size	905:913	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	3	40	theme	nitrate	679:685	arg1	[Ca					700:702	calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca	671:702	calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O]	671:714	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	40	theme	nitrate	679:685	arg1	NO3					704:706	NO3)2,4H2O	704:713	NO3)2,4H2O	704:713	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	0	41	theme	bioactive	53:61	arg1	scaffold					68:75	bioactive bone scaffold	53:75	bioactive bone scaffold	53:75	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength.
26335156	7	42	theme	properties	1282:1291	arg1	terms					1248:1252	terms	1248:1252	terms of pore size and mechanical properties	1248:1291	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	8	43	theme	that	1524:1527	arg1	range					1515:1519	the range	1511:1519	the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone	1511:1556	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	8	44	theme	composite	1366:1374	arg1	scaffold					1376:1383	The composite scaffold	1362:1383	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm	1362:1444	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	3	45	theme	pure	500:503	arg1	nanocrystals					529:540	phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals	494:540	phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals	494:540	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	5	46	from	size	1116:1119	arg1	range					1128:1132	the range	1124:1132	the range of 35-150 μm	1124:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	5	47	theme	35-150 μm	1137:1145	arg1	range					1128:1132	the range	1124:1132	the range of 35-150 μm	1124:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	5	48	theme	electron	1020:1027	arg1	microscopy					1029:1038	scanning electron microscopy	1011:1038	scanning electron microscopy	1011:1038	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	4	49	theme	loading	779:785	arg1	constant					787:794	solid loading constant	773:794	solid loading constant	773:794	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	2	50	theme	chitosan	345:352	arg1	composition					314:324	varying composition	306:324	varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin	306:365	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	7	51	theme	pore	1257:1260	arg1	size					1262:1265	pore size	1257:1265	pore size	1257:1265	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	3	52	theme	[Ca	700:702	arg1	solution					659:666	aqueous solution	651:666	aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	651:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	52	theme	[Ca	700:702	arg1	solution					601:608	a solution	599:608	a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	599:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	8	53	theme	%	1394:1394	arg1	porosity					1396:1403	70% porosity	1392:1403	70% porosity	1392:1403	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	5	54	theme	Microstructural	978:992	arg1	investigation					994:1006	Microstructural investigation	978:1006	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy	978:1038	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	10	55	theme	cell	1872:1875	arg1	cytoskeleton					1877:1888	cell cytoskeleton	1872:1888	cell cytoskeleton	1872:1888	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	1	56	theme	cellular	260:267	arg1	matrix					269:274	extra cellular matrix	254:274	extra cellular matrix of human bone	254:288	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	4	57	theme	original	842:849	arg1	slurry					851:856	the original slurry	838:856	the original slurry of gelatin	838:867	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	3	58	theme	coprecipitation	570:584	arg1	method					586:591	coprecipitation method	570:591	coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	570:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	9	59	theme	mesenchymal	1622:1632	arg1	cell					1639:1642	mesenchymal stem cell	1622:1642	mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)	1622:1648	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	9	59	theme	mesenchymal	1622:1632	arg1	MSC					1645:1647	MSC	1645:1647	MSC	1645:1647	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	9	60	theme	cell	1639:1642	arg1	interaction					1662:1672	mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction	1622:1672	mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction	1622:1672	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	3	61	theme	hydrogen	731:738	arg1	phosphate					740:748	diammonium hydrogen phosphate	720:748	diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4]	720:762	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	61	theme	hydrogen	731:738	arg1	PO4					759:761	PO4	759:761	PO4	759:761	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	2	62	theme	hydroxyapatite	329:342	arg1	composition					314:324	varying composition	306:324	varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin	306:365	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	10	63	from	extensions	1856:1865	arg1	evident					1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	evident	1819:1825	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	3	64	theme	acetic	616:621	arg1	acid					623:626	2% acetic acid	613:626	2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	613:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	4	65	theme	pore	905:908	arg1	size					910:913	pore size	905:913	pore size	905:913	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	8	66	theme	size	1415:1418	arg1	distribution					1420:1431	pore size distribution	1410:1431	pore size distribution of 35-150 μm	1410:1444	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	10	67	theme	culture	1948:1954	arg1	14 days					1932:1938	14 days	1932:1938	14 days of cell culture	1932:1954	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	5	68	theme	interconnected	1073:1086	arg1	scaffold					1095:1102	a well interconnected porous scaffold	1066:1102	a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm	1066:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	3	69	theme	2	613:613	arg1	%					614:614	%	614:614	%	614:614	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	7	70	theme	Gel	1339:1341	arg1	ratio					1343:1347	Chi:Gel ratio	1335:1347	Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30	1335:1359	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	7	71	theme	Chi	1335:1337	arg1	ratio					1343:1347	Chi:Gel ratio	1335:1347	Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30	1335:1359	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	0	72	theme	pore	93:96	arg1	size					98:101	controlled pore size	82:101	controlled pore size	82:101	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength.
26335156	3	73	theme	dissolved	628:636	arg1	chitosan					638:645	2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	613:645	2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan	613:645	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	9	74	theme	-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium	1711:1734	arg1	assay					1745:1749	MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay	1678:1749	MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs	1678:1760	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	8	75	theme	compressive	1458:1468	arg1	strength					1470:1477	a compressive strength	1456:1477	a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone	1456:1556	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	4	76	theme	properties	949:958	arg1	control					890:896	control	890:896	control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds	890:975	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	4	77	dep	size	910:913	arg1	the					901:903	the	901:903	the	901:903	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	3	78	dep	2H	756:757	arg1	NH4					752:754	NH4	752:754	NH4	752:754	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	5	79	theme	scaffold	1095:1102	arg1	formation					1053:1061	the formation	1049:1061	the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm	1049:1145	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	4	80	theme	distribution	920:931	arg1	control					890:896	control	890:896	control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds	890:975	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	1	81	dep	HA	161:162	arg1	Gel					168:170	Gel	168:170	HA:Chi:Gel	161:170	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	1	81	dep	HA	161:162	arg1	Chi					164:166	Chi	164:166	HA:Chi:Gel	161:170	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	4	82	theme	size	910:913	arg1	control					890:896	control	890:896	control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds	890:975	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	2	83	theme	cross-linking	450:462	arg1	agent					464:468	a cross-linking agent	448:468	a cross-linking agent for biopolymers	448:484	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	2	83	theme	cross-linking	450:462	arg1	glutaraldehyde					418:431	glutaraldehyde	418:431	glutaraldehyde (GTA)	418:437	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	2	84	theme	lyophilization	387:400	arg1	technique					402:410	lyophilization technique	387:410	lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers	387:484	Scaffolds with varying composition of hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and gelatin were prepared using lyophilization technique where glutaraldehyde (GTA) acted as a cross-linking agent for biopolymers.
26335156	8	85	contain	having	1385:1390	arg2	porosity					1396:1403	70% porosity	1392:1403	70% porosity	1392:1403	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	8	85	contain	having	1385:1390	arg1	scaffold					1376:1383	The composite scaffold	1362:1383	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm	1362:1444	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	3	86	theme	calcium	671:677	arg1	[Ca					700:702	calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca	671:702	calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O]	671:714	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	86	theme	calcium	671:677	arg1	NO3					704:706	NO3)2,4H2O	704:713	NO3)2,4H2O	704:713	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	0	87	theme	bone	63:66	arg1	scaffold					68:75	bioactive bone scaffold	53:75	bioactive bone scaffold	53:75	Development of gelatin-chitosan-hydroxyapatite based bioactive bone scaffold with controlled pore size and mechanical strength.
26335156	7	88	theme	mechanical	1271:1280	arg1	properties					1282:1291	mechanical properties	1271:1291	mechanical properties	1271:1291	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	1	89	contain	has	196:198	arg1	scaffold					187:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold	128:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold	128:194	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	1	89	contain	has	196:198	arg2	potential					200:208	potential	200:208	potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone	200:288	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
26335156	5	90	theme	scanning	1011:1018	arg1	microscopy					1029:1038	scanning electron microscopy	1011:1038	scanning electron microscopy	1011:1038	Microstructural investigation by scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of a well interconnected porous scaffold with a pore size in the range of 35-150 μm.
26335156	7	91	theme	size	1262:1265	arg1	terms					1248:1252	terms	1248:1252	terms of pore size and mechanical properties	1248:1291	An optimal composition in terms of pore size and mechanical properties was obtained from the scaffold with an HA:Chi:Gel ratio of 21:49:30.
26335156	8	92	theme	cancellous	1542:1551	arg1	bone					1553:1556	cancellous bone	1542:1556	cancellous bone	1542:1556	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	10	93	theme	filopodia	1846:1854	arg1	extensions					1856:1865	filopodia extensions	1846:1865	filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton	1846:1888	The scaffold found to be conducive to MSC's adhesion as evident from lamellipodia, filopodia extensions from cell cytoskeleton, proliferation, and differentiation up to 14 days of cell culture.
26335156	3	94	theme	hydroxyapatite-chitosan	505:527	arg1	nanocrystals					529:540	phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals	494:540	phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals	494:540	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	95	theme	tetrahydrate	687:698	arg1	[Ca					700:702	calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca	671:702	calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O]	671:714	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	3	95	theme	tetrahydrate	687:698	arg1	NO3					704:706	NO3)2,4H2O	704:713	NO3)2,4H2O	704:713	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	4	96	theme	solid	773:777	arg1	constant					787:794	solid loading constant	773:794	solid loading constant	773:794	Keeping solid loading constant at 30 wt% and changing the composition of the original slurry of gelatin, HA-chitosan allowed control of the pore size, its distribution, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds.
26335156	3	97	theme	phase	494:498	arg1	nanocrystals					529:540	phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals	494:540	phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals	494:540	First, phase pure hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocrystals were in situ synthesized by coprecipitation method using a solution of 2% acetic acid dissolved chitosan and aqueous solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO3)2,4H2O] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH4)2H PO4].
26335156	9	98	theme	scaffold	1582:1589	arg1	bioactivity					1563:1573	The bioactivity	1559:1573	The bioactivity of the scaffold	1559:1589	The bioactivity of the scaffold was evaluated after conducting mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) - materials interaction and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using MSCs.
26335156	8	99	theme	70	1392:1393	arg1	%					1394:1394	%	1394:1394	%	1394:1394	The composite scaffold having 70% porosity with pore size distribution of 35-150 μm exhibited a compressive strength of 3.3-3.5 MPa, which is within the range of that exhibited by cancellous bone.
26335156	1	100	theme	extra	254:258	arg1	matrix					269:274	extra cellular matrix	254:274	extra cellular matrix of human bone	254:288	Hydroxyapatite-chitosan/gelatin (HA:Chi:Gel) nanocomposite scaffold has potential to serve as a template matrix to regenerate extra cellular matrix of human bone.
27364619	5	0	dep	Criteria	732:739	arg1	include					744:750	include	744:750	to include data in the database	741:771	Criteria to include data in the database were as follows: animal description, intakes, diet composition and CH4 production.
27364619	7	1	theme	correlation	1030:1040	arg1	error					1090:1094	root mean square prediction error	1062:1094	root mean square prediction error (RMSPE)	1062:1102	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	1	theme	correlation	1030:1040	arg1	analysis					1126:1133	analysis	1126:1133	analysis	1126:1133	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	1	theme	correlation	1030:1040	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	1	theme	correlation	1030:1040	arg1	c					1057:1057	r c	1055:1057	r c	1055:1057	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	1	theme	correlation	1030:1040	arg1	efficiency					1111:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	9	2	contain	contained	1288:1296	arg1	database					1279:1286	The final database	1269:1286	The final database	1269:1286	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	9	2	contain	contained	1288:1296	arg2	studies					1301:1307	53 studies and 207 treatment means	1298:1331	studies	1301:1307	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	9	2	contain	contained	1288:1296	arg2	means					1327:1331	53 studies and 207 treatment means	1298:1331	means	1327:1331	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	7	3	theme	concordance	1018:1028	arg1	error					1090:1094	root mean square prediction error	1062:1094	root mean square prediction error (RMSPE)	1062:1102	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	3	theme	concordance	1018:1028	arg1	analysis					1126:1133	analysis	1126:1133	analysis	1126:1133	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	3	theme	concordance	1018:1028	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	3	theme	concordance	1018:1028	arg1	c					1057:1057	r c	1055:1057	r c	1055:1057	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	3	theme	concordance	1018:1028	arg1	efficiency					1111:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	8	4	theme	component	1249:1257	arg1	analysis					1259:1266	principal component analysis	1239:1266	principal component analysis	1239:1266	Equations were ranked using a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis.
27364619	3	5	dep	content	604:610	arg1	forage					597:602	forage	597:602	forage	597:602	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	12	6	theme	Climate	1811:1817	arg1	equations					1843:1851	3 equations	1841:1851	3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day	1841:2074	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	6	theme	Climate	1811:1817	arg1	method					1833:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	13	7	dep	0.52	2271:2274	arg1	to					2268:2269	to	2268:2269	to	2268:2269	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	14	8	dep	content	2408:2414	arg1	forage					2401:2406	forage	2401:2406	forage	2401:2406	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision differed with forage content of the diet.
27364619	15	9	theme	high-grain	2454:2463	arg1	diets					2465:2469	high-grain diets	2454:2469	high-grain diets	2454:2469	When used for cattle fed high-grain diets, extant CH4 prediction models were generally imprecise and lacked accuracy.
27364619	12	10	dep	equation	1929:1936	arg1	fiber					2001:2005	neutral detergent fiber	1983:2005	an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c	1926:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	15	11	theme	extant	2472:2477	arg1	models					2494:2499	extant CH4 prediction models	2472:2499	extant CH4 prediction models	2472:2499	When used for cattle fed high-grain diets, extant CH4 prediction models were generally imprecise and lacked accuracy.
27364619	2	12	from	cattle	319:324	arg1	CH4					305:307	CH4	305:307	CH4 from beef cattle	305:324	Many equations are available to predict CH4 from beef cattle and the predictions vary substantially among equations.
27364619	12	13	theme	detergent	1991:1999	arg1	fiber					2001:2005	neutral detergent fiber	1983:2005	an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c	1926:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	7	14	theme	equations	983:991	arg1	accuracy					967:974	accuracy	967:974	accuracy	967:974	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	14	theme	equations	983:991	arg1	Precision					953:961	Precision	953:961	Precision	953:961	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	15	15	theme	CH4	2479:2481	arg1	models					2494:2499	extant CH4 prediction models	2472:2499	extant CH4 prediction models	2472:2499	When used for cattle fed high-grain diets, extant CH4 prediction models were generally imprecise and lacked accuracy.
27364619	14	16	theme	CH4	2329:2331	arg1	equations					2344:2352	extant CH4 prediction equations	2322:2352	extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision	2322:2385	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision differed with forage content of the diet.
27364619	13	17	theme	r	2246:2246	arg1	c					2248:2248	r c	2246:2248	r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day	2246:2308	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	10	18	theme	limited	1583:1589	arg1	numbers					1591:1597	their limited numbers	1577:1597	their limited numbers (n=6)	1577:1603	Diets containing between ⩽400 and ⩾200 g/kg DM forage were not included in the analysis because of their limited numbers (n=6).
27364619	10	18	theme	limited	1583:1589	arg1	n=6					1600:1602	n=6	1600:1602	n=6	1600:1602	Diets containing between ⩽400 and ⩾200 g/kg DM forage were not included in the analysis because of their limited numbers (n=6).
27364619	1	19	theme	enteric	191:197	arg1	CH4					208:210	CH4	208:210	CH4	208:210	The study determined the performance of equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) from beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets.
27364619	1	19	theme	enteric	191:197	arg1	methane					199:205	enteric methane	191:205	enteric methane (CH4)	191:211	The study determined the performance of equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) from beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets.
27364619	12	20	theme	high-forage	1736:1746	arg1	dataset					1748:1754	the high-forage dataset	1732:1754	the high-forage dataset	1732:1754	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	9	21	dep	DM	1460:1461	arg1	forage					1463:1468	forage	1463:1468	forage	1463:1468	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	3	22	theme	extant	531:536	arg1	models					553:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	4	23	dep	2015	726:729	arg1	to					723:724	to	723:724	to	723:724	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	11	24	theme	treatment	1616:1624	arg1	means					1626:1630	treatment means	1616:1630	treatment means where feed was fed restrictively	1616:1663	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	13	25	dep	62.9	2299:2302	arg1	to					2296:2297	to	2296:2297	to	2296:2297	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	8	26	theme	combined	1176:1183	arg1	index					1185:1189	a combined index	1174:1189	a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis	1174:1266	Equations were ranked using a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis.
27364619	12	27	theme	gross	1880:1884	arg1	GEI					1901:1903	GEI	1901:1903	GEI	1901:1903	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	27	theme	gross	1880:1884	arg1	intake					1893:1898	gross energy intake	1880:1898	gross energy intake (GEI)	1880:1904	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	7	28	theme	model	1105:1109	arg1	efficiency					1111:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	28	theme	model	1105:1109	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	3	29	theme	prediction	542:551	arg1	models					553:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	9	30	theme	g/kg	1393:1396	arg1	DM					1410:1411	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	6	31	theme	CH4	900:902	arg1	production					904:913	CH4 production	900:913	CH4 production	900:913	In all, 54 published equations that predict CH4 production from diet composition were evaluated.
27364619	8	32	theme	various	1198:1204	arg1	assessments					1218:1228	the various statistical assessments	1194:1228	the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis	1194:1266	Equations were ranked using a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis.
27364619	0	33	theme	equations	66:74	arg1	precision					34:42	precision	34:42	precision	34:42	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	0	33	theme	equations	66:74	arg1	accuracy					21:28	accuracy	21:28	accuracy	21:28	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	4	34	from	studies	695:701	arg1	production					666:675	CH4 production	662:675	CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	662:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	4	34	from	studies	695:701	arg1	means					653:657	treatment means	643:657	treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	643:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	4	35	dep	in	682:683	arg1	vivo					685:688	vivo	685:688	vivo	685:688	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	8	36	theme	assessments	1218:1228	arg1	index					1185:1189	a combined index	1174:1189	a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis	1174:1266	Equations were ranked using a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis.
27364619	0	37	theme	beef	80:83	arg1	cattle					85:90	beef cattle	80:90	beef cattle	80:90	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	6	38	theme	published	867:875	arg1	equations					877:885	54 published equations	864:885	54 published equations that predict CH4 production from diet composition	864:935	In all, 54 published equations that predict CH4 production from diet composition were evaluated.
27364619	12	39	theme	r	2012:2012	arg1	c					2014:2014	r c	2012:2014	r c	2012:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	7	40	theme	prediction	1079:1088	arg1	error					1090:1094	root mean square prediction error	1062:1094	root mean square prediction error (RMSPE)	1062:1102	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	40	theme	prediction	1079:1088	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	40	theme	prediction	1079:1088	arg1	RMSPE					1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	4	41	theme	CH4	662:664	arg1	production					666:675	CH4 production	662:675	CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	662:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	7	42	theme	mean	1067:1070	arg1	error					1090:1094	root mean square prediction error	1062:1094	root mean square prediction error (RMSPE)	1062:1102	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	42	theme	mean	1067:1070	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	42	theme	mean	1067:1070	arg1	RMSPE					1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	1	43	theme	grain-based	246:256	arg1	diets					258:262	forage- and grain-based diets	234:262	forage- and grain-based diets	234:262	The study determined the performance of equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) from beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets.
27364619	11	44	with	Outliers	1606:1613	arg1	additives					1695:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	5	45	theme	CH4	840:842	arg1	production					844:853	CH4 production	840:853	CH4 production	840:853	Criteria to include data in the database were as follows: animal description, intakes, diet composition and CH4 production.
27364619	14	46	theme	diet	2423:2426	arg1	content					2408:2414	forage content	2401:2414	forage content of the diet	2401:2426	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision differed with forage content of the diet.
27364619	9	47	contain	containing	1377:1386	arg1	diets					1371:1375	diets	1371:1375	diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116)	1371:1427	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	9	47	contain	containing	1377:1386	arg1	n=116					1422:1426	n=116	1422:1426	n=116	1422:1426	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	9	47	contain	containing	1377:1386	arg2	DM					1410:1411	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	12	48	theme	neutral	1983:1989	arg1	fiber					2001:2005	neutral detergent fiber	1983:2005	an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c	1926:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	49	with	equation	1929:1936	arg1	c					2014:2014	r c	2012:2014	r c	2012:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	13	50	theme	energy	2164:2169	arg1	intakes					2139:2145	intakes	2139:2145	intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight	2139:2238	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	12	51	dep	Panel	1802:1806	arg1	Using					1726:1730	Using	1726:1730	Using the high-forage dataset	1726:1754	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	52	theme	dry	1954:1956	arg1	intake					1965:1970	dry matter intake	1954:1970	dry matter intake	1954:1970	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	3	53	theme	construct	403:411	arg1	aims					386:389	The aims	382:389	The aims	382:389	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	3	53	theme	construct	403:411	arg1	database					415:422	(1) construct a database	399:422	(1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle	399:455	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	0	54	theme	accuracy	21:28	arg1	evaluation					3:12	An evaluation	0:12	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle	0:90	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	13	55	theme	best-fit	2109:2116	arg1	equations					2118:2126	the 5 best-fit equations	2103:2126	the 5 best-fit equations	2103:2126	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	0	56	theme	methane	47:53	arg1	equations					66:74	methane prediction equations	47:74	methane prediction equations for beef cattle	47:90	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	2	57	theme	beef	314:317	arg1	cattle					319:324	beef cattle	314:324	beef cattle	314:324	Many equations are available to predict CH4 from beef cattle and the predictions vary substantially among equations.
27364619	0	58	theme	precision	34:42	arg1	evaluation					3:12	An evaluation	0:12	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle	0:90	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	12	59	dep	0.73	2037:2040	arg1	to					2034:2035	to	2034:2035	to	2034:2035	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	9	60	theme	g/kg	1455:1458	arg1	DM					1460:1461	⩽200 g/kg DM forage	1450:1468	⩽200 g/kg DM forage	1450:1468	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	3	61	theme	CH4	427:429	arg1	emissions					431:439	CH4 emissions	427:439	CH4 emissions	427:439	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	12	62	dep	45.9	2065:2068	arg1	to					2062:2063	to	2062:2063	to	2062:2063	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	5	63	theme	animal	790:795	arg1	description					797:807	animal description	790:807	animal description	790:807	Criteria to include data in the database were as follows: animal description, intakes, diet composition and CH4 production.
27364619	11	64	theme	CH4	1680:1682	arg1	additives					1695:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	12	65	theme	Change	1819:1824	arg1	equations					1843:1851	3 equations	1841:1851	3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day	1841:2074	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	65	theme	Change	1819:1824	arg1	method					1833:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	11	66	with	diets	1669:1673	arg1	additives					1695:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	14	67	theme	equations	2344:2352	arg1	Ranking					2311:2317	Ranking	2311:2317	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision	2311:2385	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision differed with forage content of the diet.
27364619	11	68	dep	omitted	1710:1716	arg1	n=43					1719:1722	n=43	1719:1722	n=43	1719:1722	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	2	69	theme	Many	265:268	arg1	equations					270:278	Many equations	265:278	Many equations	265:278	Many equations are available to predict CH4 from beef cattle and the predictions vary substantially among equations.
27364619	1	70	theme	forage-	234:240	arg1	diets					258:262	forage- and grain-based diets	234:262	forage- and grain-based diets	234:262	The study determined the performance of equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) from beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets.
27364619	12	71	theme	International	1788:1800	arg1	equations					1769:1777	the best-fit equations	1756:1777	the best-fit equations	1756:1777	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	71	theme	International	1788:1800	arg1	Panel					1802:1806	the International Panel	1784:1806	the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day	1784:2074	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	13	72	theme	body	2228:2231	arg1	steers					2213:2218	steers GEI and body weight	2213:2238	steers GEI and body weight	2213:2238	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	13	72	theme	body	2228:2231	arg1	weight					2233:2238	body weight	2228:2238	body weight	2228:2238	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	3	73	from	literature	472:481	arg1	aims					386:389	The aims	382:389	The aims	382:389	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	3	73	from	literature	472:481	arg1	database					415:422	(1) construct a database	399:422	(1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle	399:455	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	9	74	theme	treatment	1317:1325	arg1	means					1327:1331	53 studies and 207 treatment means	1298:1331	means	1327:1331	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	12	75	from	Panel	1802:1806	arg1	equations					1843:1851	3 equations	1841:1851	3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day	1841:2074	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	75	from	Panel	1802:1806	arg1	method					1833:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	1	76	theme	equations	170:178	arg1	performance					155:165	the performance	151:165	the performance of equations	151:178	The study determined the performance of equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) from beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets.
27364619	12	77	theme	best-fit	1760:1767	arg1	equations					1769:1777	the best-fit equations	1756:1777	the best-fit equations	1756:1777	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	77	theme	best-fit	1760:1767	arg1	Panel					1802:1806	the International Panel	1784:1806	the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day	1784:2074	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	14	78	theme	prediction	2333:2342	arg1	equations					2344:2352	extant CH4 prediction equations	2322:2352	extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision	2322:2385	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision differed with forage content of the diet.
27364619	4	79	theme	treatment	643:651	arg1	means					653:657	treatment means	643:657	treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	643:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	12	80	theme	body	1910:1913	arg1	weight					1915:1920	body weight	1910:1920	body weight	1910:1920	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	9	81	contain	containing	1439:1448	arg1	diets					1433:1437	diets	1433:1437	diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42)	1433:1475	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	9	81	contain	containing	1439:1448	arg2	DM					1460:1461	⩽200 g/kg DM forage	1450:1468	⩽200 g/kg DM forage	1450:1468	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	9	81	contain	containing	1439:1448	arg1	n=42					1471:1474	n=42	1471:1474	n=42	1471:1474	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	0	82	theme	high-grain	112:121	arg1	diets					123:127	high-forage and high-grain diets	96:127	high-forage and high-grain diets	96:127	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	0	83	dep	accuracy	21:28	arg1	the					17:19	the	17:19	the	17:19	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	14	84	theme	extant	2322:2327	arg1	equations					2344:2352	extant CH4 prediction equations	2322:2352	extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision	2322:2385	Ranking of extant CH4 prediction equations for their accuracy and precision differed with forage content of the diet.
27364619	9	85	theme	matter	1402:1407	arg1	DM					1410:1411	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	12	86	theme	energy	1886:1891	arg1	GEI					1901:1903	GEI	1901:1903	GEI	1901:1903	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	86	theme	energy	1886:1891	arg1	intake					1893:1898	gross energy intake	1880:1898	gross energy intake (GEI)	1880:1904	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	3	87	theme	accurate	522:529	arg1	models					553:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	3	88	theme	precise	510:516	arg1	models					553:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	15	89	theme	prediction	2483:2492	arg1	models					2494:2499	extant CH4 prediction models	2472:2499	extant CH4 prediction models	2472:2499	When used for cattle fed high-grain diets, extant CH4 prediction models were generally imprecise and lacked accuracy.
27364619	5	90	from	data	752:755	arg1	database					764:771	the database	760:771	the database	760:771	Criteria to include data in the database were as follows: animal description, intakes, diet composition and CH4 production.
27364619	5	91	theme	diet	819:822	arg1	composition					824:834	diet composition	819:834	diet composition	819:834	Criteria to include data in the database were as follows: animal description, intakes, diet composition and CH4 production.
27364619	6	92	theme	diet	920:923	arg1	composition					925:935	diet composition	920:935	diet composition	920:935	In all, 54 published equations that predict CH4 production from diet composition were evaluated.
27364619	9	93	dep	DM	1410:1411	arg1	forage					1414:1419	forage	1414:1419	forage	1414:1419	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	0	94	theme	prediction	55:64	arg1	equations					66:74	methane prediction equations	47:74	methane prediction equations for beef cattle	47:90	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	3	95	theme	CH4	538:540	arg1	models					553:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models	501:558	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	9	96	theme	dry	1398:1400	arg1	DM					1410:1411	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage	1388:1419	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	13	97	dep	steers	2213:2218	arg1	steers					2213:2218	steers GEI and body weight	2213:2238	steers GEI and body weight	2213:2238	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	13	97	dep	steers	2213:2218	arg1	GEI					2220:2222	GEI	2220:2222	GEI	2220:2222	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	13	97	dep	steers	2213:2218	arg1	weight					2233:2238	body weight	2228:2238	body weight	2228:2238	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	3	98	dep	identify	492:499	arg1	2					489:489	2	489:489	2	489:489	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	11	99	with	means	1626:1630	arg1	additives					1695:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	4	100	theme	in	682:683	arg1	studies					695:701	in vivo beef studies	682:701	in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	682:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	8	101	theme	statistical	1206:1216	arg1	assessments					1218:1228	the various statistical assessments	1194:1228	the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis	1194:1266	Equations were ranked using a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis.
27364619	3	102	theme	emissions	431:439	arg1	aims					386:389	The aims	382:389	The aims	382:389	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	3	102	theme	emissions	431:439	arg1	database					415:422	(1) construct a database	399:422	(1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle	399:455	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	0	103	theme	high-forage	96:106	arg1	diets					123:127	high-forage and high-grain diets	96:127	high-forage and high-grain diets	96:127	An evaluation of the accuracy and precision of methane prediction equations for beef cattle fed high-forage and high-grain diets.
27364619	4	104	theme	beef	690:693	arg1	studies					695:701	in vivo beef studies	682:701	in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	682:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	7	105	theme	square	1072:1077	arg1	error					1090:1094	root mean square prediction error	1062:1094	root mean square prediction error (RMSPE)	1062:1102	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	105	theme	square	1072:1077	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	105	theme	square	1072:1077	arg1	RMSPE					1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	106	theme	root	1062:1065	arg1	error					1090:1094	root mean square prediction error	1062:1094	root mean square prediction error (RMSPE)	1062:1102	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	106	theme	root	1062:1065	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	106	theme	root	1062:1065	arg1	RMSPE					1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	RMSPE	1097:1101	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	8	107	theme	principal	1239:1247	arg1	analysis					1259:1266	principal component analysis	1239:1266	principal component analysis	1239:1266	Equations were ranked using a combined index of the various statistical assessments based on principal component analysis.
27364619	13	108	theme	metabolisable	2150:2162	arg1	energy					2164:2169	metabolisable energy	2150:2169	metabolisable energy	2150:2169	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	4	109	theme	production	666:675	arg1	means					653:657	treatment means	643:657	treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	643:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	3	110	theme	published	462:470	arg1	literature					472:481	published literature	462:481	published literature	462:481	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	7	111	theme	r	1055:1055	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	111	theme	r	1055:1055	arg1	c					1057:1057	r c	1055:1057	r c	1055:1057	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	3	112	theme	beef	564:567	arg1	cattle					569:574	beef cattle	564:574	beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content	564:610	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	12	113	with	weight	1915:1920	arg1	c					2014:2014	r c	2012:2014	r c	2012:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	3	114	theme	a	413:413	arg1	aims					386:389	The aims	382:389	The aims	382:389	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	3	114	theme	a	413:413	arg1	database					415:422	(1) construct a database	399:422	(1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle	399:455	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	9	115	theme	⩽200	1450:1453	arg1	DM					1460:1461	⩽200 g/kg DM forage	1450:1468	⩽200 g/kg DM forage	1450:1468	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	12	116	theme	matter	1958:1963	arg1	intake					1965:1970	dry matter intake	1954:1970	dry matter intake	1954:1970	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	3	117	theme	beef	445:448	arg1	cattle					450:455	beef cattle	445:455	beef cattle	445:455	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	4	118	from	means	653:657	arg1	studies					695:701	in vivo beef studies	682:701	in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015	682:729	The database was comprised of treatment means of CH4 production from in vivo beef studies published from 2000 to 2015.
27364619	13	119	theme	high-grain	2085:2094	arg1	diets					2096:2100	the high-grain diets	2081:2100	the high-grain diets	2081:2100	For the high-grain diets, the 5 best-fit equations considered intakes of metabolisable energy, cellulose, hemicellulose and fat, or for steers GEI and body weight, with r c ranging from 0.35 to 0.52 and RMSPE from 47.4 to 62.9 g/day.
27364619	7	120	theme	errors	1138:1143	arg1	analysis					1126:1133	analysis	1126:1133	analysis	1126:1133	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	120	theme	errors	1138:1143	arg1	efficiency					1111:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	model efficiency	1105:1120	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	7	120	theme	errors	1138:1143	arg1	coefficient					1042:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient	1014:1052	the concordance correlation coefficient (r c )	1014:1059	Precision and accuracy of the equations were evaluated using the concordance correlation coefficient (r c ), root mean square prediction error (RMSPE), model efficiency and analysis of errors.
27364619	10	121	theme	g/kg	1517:1520	arg1	DM					1522:1523	⩽400 and ⩾200 g/kg DM	1503:1523	⩽400 and ⩾200 g/kg DM	1503:1523	Diets containing between ⩽400 and ⩾200 g/kg DM forage were not included in the analysis because of their limited numbers (n=6).
27364619	9	122	theme	final	1273:1277	arg1	database					1279:1286	The final database	1269:1286	The final database	1269:1286	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	12	123	theme	Tier	1826:1829	arg1	equations					1843:1851	3 equations	1841:1851	3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day	1841:2074	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	12	123	theme	Tier	1826:1829	arg1	method					1833:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Climate Change Tier 2 method	1811:1838	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	9	124	theme	data	1360:1363	arg1	sets					1365:1368	two data sets	1356:1368	two data sets	1356:1368	The final database contained 53 studies and 207 treatment means that were divided into two data sets: diets containing ⩾400 g/kg dry matter (DM) forage (n=116) and diets containing ⩽200 g/kg DM forage (n=42).
27364619	3	125	dep	database	415:422	arg1	1					400:400	1	400:400	1	400:400	The aims were to (1) construct a database of CH4 emissions for beef cattle from published literature, and (2) identify the most precise and accurate extant CH4 prediction models for beef cattle fed diets varying in forage content.
27364619	12	126	with	intake	1893:1898	arg1	c					2014:2014	r c	2012:2014	r c	2012:2014	Using the high-forage dataset the best-fit equations were the International Panel on Climate Change Tier 2 method, 3 equations for steers that considered gross energy intake (GEI) and body weight and an equation that considered dry matter intake and starch:neutral detergent fiber with r c ranging from 0.60 to 0.73 and RMSPE from 35.6 to 45.9 g/day.
27364619	11	127	theme	mitigation	1684:1693	arg1	additives					1695:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	CH4 mitigation additives	1680:1703	Outliers, treatment means where feed was fed restrictively and diets with CH4 mitigation additives were omitted (n=43).
27364619	1	128	theme	beef	218:221	arg1	cattle					223:228	beef cattle	218:228	beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets	218:262	The study determined the performance of equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) from beef cattle fed forage- and grain-based diets.
28088371	7	0	theme	release	1168:1174	arg1	terms					1132:1136	terms	1132:1136	terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1132:1174	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	1	theme	QbD	1535:1537	arg1	approach					1539:1546	QbD approach	1535:1546	QbD approach	1535:1546	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	1	2	theme	study	128:132	arg1	aim					116:118	The aim	112:118	The aim of this study	112:132	The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	6	3	theme	ratio	847:851	arg1	RS-PO					880:884	the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	843:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	832:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	1	4	theme	enoxaparin	205:214	arg1	microspheres					223:234	enoxaparin sodium microspheres	205:234	enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery	205:262	The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	7	5	theme	duodenal	1308:1315	arg1	pH					1317:1318	simulated duodenal pH	1298:1318	simulated duodenal pH	1298:1318	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	3	6	contain	have	486:489	arg1	delivery					472:479	colon-specific delivery	457:479	colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP)	457:539	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	3	6	contain	have	486:489	arg2	Profile					526:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	7	7	theme	sodium	1447:1452	arg1	profile					1425:1431	The in vitro release profile	1404:1431	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	7	theme	sodium	1447:1452	arg1	one					1477:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	1	8	theme	sodium	216:221	arg1	microspheres					223:234	enoxaparin sodium microspheres	205:234	enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery	205:262	The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	7	9	theme	enoxaparin	1150:1159	arg1	release					1168:1174	in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1141:1174	in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1141:1174	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	6	10	theme	Eudragit®	853:861	arg1	RS-PO					880:884	the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	843:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	832:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	3	11	theme	Quality	503:509	arg1	Profile					526:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	3	12	dep	have	486:489	arg1	QTPP					535:538	QTPP	535:538	QTPP	535:538	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	1	13	theme	microspheres	223:234	arg1	development					190:200	pharmaceutical development	175:200	pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery	175:262	The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	0	14	theme	polymeric	60:68	arg1	microspheres					70:81	polymeric microspheres	60:81	polymeric microspheres	60:81	A quality by design (QbD) study on enoxaparin sodium loaded polymeric microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	0	15	from	study	26:30	arg1	sodium					46:51	enoxaparin sodium	35:51	enoxaparin sodium	35:51	A quality by design (QbD) study on enoxaparin sodium loaded polymeric microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	6	16	from	Based	991:995	arg1	results					1006:1012	these results	1000:1012	these results	1000:1012	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	3	17	theme	Target	511:516	arg1	Profile					526:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	0	18	theme	colon-specific	87:100	arg1	delivery					102:109	colon-specific delivery	87:109	colon-specific delivery	87:109	A quality by design (QbD) study on enoxaparin sodium loaded polymeric microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	3	19	theme	microspheres	440:451	arg1	space					431:435	the design space	420:435	the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP)	420:539	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	5	20	theme	sodium	789:794	arg1	percentages					763:773	the percentages	759:773	the percentages of enoxaparin sodium	759:794	The encapsulation efficiency increased with NaCl concentration increase, the percentages of enoxaparin sodium reaching 94% for some formulations.
28088371	4	21	theme	RS-PO	591:595	arg1	CPPs					546:549	The CPPs	542:549	The CPPs studied	542:557	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	4	21	theme	RS-PO	591:595	arg1	ratio					597:601	Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio	564:601	Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio	564:601	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	4	22	theme	vinyl	609:613	arg1	poly					604:607	poly	604:607	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration	604:642	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	4	22	theme	vinyl	609:613	arg1	alcohol					615:621	vinyl alcohol	609:621	vinyl alcohol	609:621	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	6	23	theme	Increasing	832:841	arg1	RS-PO					880:884	the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	843:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	832:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	7	24	theme	ideal	1471:1475	arg1	profile					1425:1431	The in vitro release profile	1404:1431	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	24	theme	ideal	1471:1475	arg1	one					1477:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	3	25	theme	desired	495:501	arg1	Profile					526:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	7	26	dep	%	1225:1225	arg1	9.42					1221:1224	9.42	1221:1224	9.42	1221:1224	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	27	theme	in	1141:1142	arg1	release					1168:1174	in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1141:1174	in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1141:1174	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	28	dep	in	1408:1409	arg1	vitro					1411:1415	vitro	1411:1415	vitro	1411:1415	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	29	theme	simulated	1382:1390	arg1	profile					1425:1431	The in vitro release profile	1404:1431	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	29	theme	simulated	1382:1390	arg1	one					1477:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	6	30	theme	FS-30D/Eudragit®	863:878	arg1	RS-PO					880:884	the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	843:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO	832:884	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	1	31	theme	colon-specific	240:253	arg1	delivery					255:262	colon-specific delivery	240:262	colon-specific delivery	240:262	The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	7	32	theme	in	1408:1409	arg1	profile					1425:1431	The in vitro release profile	1404:1431	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	32	theme	in	1408:1409	arg1	one					1477:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	4	33	theme	NaCl	665:668	arg1	concentration					671:683	sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration	648:683	sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration	648:683	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	7	34	dep	profile	1425:1431	arg1	pH.					1400:1402	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	6	35	theme	optimum	1019:1025	arg1	conditions					1027:1036	the optimum conditions	1015:1036	the optimum conditions	1015:1036	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	0	36	theme	design	13:18	arg1	study					26:30	design (QbD) study	13:30	design (QbD) study on enoxaparin sodium	13:51	A quality by design (QbD) study on enoxaparin sodium loaded polymeric microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	6	37	theme	sodium	938:943	arg1	release					916:922	a relatively complete release	894:922	a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium	894:943	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	3	38	theme	Product	518:524	arg1	Profile					526:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	the desired Quality Target Product Profile	491:532	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	5	39	theme	enoxaparin	778:787	arg1	sodium					789:794	enoxaparin sodium	778:794	enoxaparin sodium	778:794	The encapsulation efficiency increased with NaCl concentration increase, the percentages of enoxaparin sodium reaching 94% for some formulations.
28088371	6	40	theme	enoxaparin	927:936	arg1	sodium					938:943	enoxaparin sodium	927:943	enoxaparin sodium	927:943	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	5	41	dep	increased	715:723	arg1	reaching					796:803	reaching	796:803	reaching 94% for some formulations	796:829	The encapsulation efficiency increased with NaCl concentration increase, the percentages of enoxaparin sodium reaching 94% for some formulations.
28088371	2	42	theme	Process	269:275	arg1	Parameters					277:286	The Process Parameters	265:286	The Process Parameters (CPPs)	265:293	The Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified.
28088371	2	42	theme	Process	269:275	arg1	CPPs					289:292	CPPs	289:292	CPPs	289:292	The Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified.
28088371	7	43	dep	pH	1317:1318	arg1	environment					1255:1265	acidic environment	1248:1265	acidic environment	1248:1265	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	43	dep	pH	1317:1318	arg1	%					1276:1276	15.16%	1271:1276	15.16% in the medium	1271:1290	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	3	44	theme	design	424:429	arg1	space					431:435	the design space	420:435	the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP)	420:539	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	3	45	theme	experimental	371:382	arg1	design					384:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	7	46	dep	89.24	1355:1359	arg1	to					1352:1353	to	1352:1353	to	1352:1353	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	4	47	theme	poly	604:607	arg1	concentration					630:642	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration	604:642	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration	604:642	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	5	48	theme	NaCl	730:733	arg1	concentration					735:747	NaCl concentration	730:747	NaCl concentration increase	730:756	The encapsulation efficiency increased with NaCl concentration increase, the percentages of enoxaparin sodium reaching 94% for some formulations.
28088371	7	49	theme	colonic	1392:1398	arg1	profile					1425:1431	The in vitro release profile	1404:1431	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	49	theme	colonic	1392:1398	arg1	one					1477:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	50	theme	enoxaparin	1436:1445	arg1	sodium					1447:1452	enoxaparin sodium	1436:1452	enoxaparin sodium	1436:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	6	51	theme	pH.	987:989	arg1	Based					991:995	the colonic pH. Based	975:995	the colonic pH. Based on these results	975:1012	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	7	52	theme	acidic	1248:1253	arg1	environment					1255:1265	acidic environment	1248:1265	acidic environment	1248:1265	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	3	53	theme	central	353:359	arg1	design					384:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	3	54	theme	colon-specific	457:470	arg1	delivery					472:479	colon-specific delivery	457:479	colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP)	457:539	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	7	55	dep	in	1141:1142	arg1	vitro					1144:1148	vitro	1144:1148	vitro	1144:1148	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	5	56	theme	encapsulation	690:702	arg1	efficiency					704:713	The encapsulation efficiency	686:713	The encapsulation efficiency	686:713	The encapsulation efficiency increased with NaCl concentration increase, the percentages of enoxaparin sodium reaching 94% for some formulations.
28088371	7	57	from	environment	1255:1265	arg1	medium					1285:1290	the medium	1281:1290	the medium	1281:1290	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	2	58	theme	Quality	308:314	arg1	CQAs					328:331	CQAs	328:331	CQAs	328:331	The Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified.
28088371	2	58	theme	Quality	308:314	arg1	Attributes					316:325	Critical Quality Attributes	299:325	Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs)	299:332	The Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified.
28088371	3	59	theme	composite	361:369	arg1	design					384:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	7	60	dep	sodium	1238:1243	arg1	%					1225:1225	%	1225:1225	%	1225:1225	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	61	theme	sodium	1161:1166	arg1	release					1168:1174	in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1141:1174	in vitro enoxaparin sodium release	1141:1174	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	2	62	theme	Critical	299:306	arg1	CQAs					328:331	CQAs	328:331	CQAs	328:331	The Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified.
28088371	2	62	theme	Critical	299:306	arg1	Attributes					316:325	Critical Quality Attributes	299:325	Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs)	299:332	The Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) were identified.
28088371	7	63	theme	%	1360:1360	arg1	release					1338:1344	the release	1334:1344	the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach	1334:1546	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	4	64	theme	sodium	648:653	arg1	concentration					671:683	sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration	648:683	sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration	648:683	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	7	65	theme	simulated	1298:1306	arg1	pH					1317:1318	simulated duodenal pH	1298:1318	simulated duodenal pH	1298:1318	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	66	from	release	1338:1344	arg1	medium					1369:1374	the medium	1365:1374	the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach	1365:1546	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	67	theme	enoxaparin	1227:1236	arg1	sodium					1238:1243	only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium	1216:1243	only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium	1216:1243	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	3	68	used	used	395:398	arg2	design					384:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design	351:389	A central composite experimental design was used in order to develop the design space of microspheres for colon-specific delivery that have the desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP).
28088371	4	69	theme	chloride	655:662	arg1	concentration					671:683	sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration	648:683	sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration	648:683	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	1	70	theme	pharmaceutical	175:188	arg1	development					190:200	pharmaceutical development	175:200	pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery	175:262	The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for pharmaceutical development of enoxaparin sodium microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	0	71	theme	enoxaparin	35:44	arg1	sodium					46:51	enoxaparin sodium	35:51	enoxaparin sodium	35:51	A quality by design (QbD) study on enoxaparin sodium loaded polymeric microspheres for colon-specific delivery.
28088371	7	72	theme	release	1417:1423	arg1	profile					1425:1431	The in vitro release profile	1404:1431	simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium	1382:1452	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	72	theme	release	1417:1423	arg1	one					1477:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	the ideal one	1467:1479	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	7	73	from	%	1276:1276	arg1	medium					1285:1290	the medium	1281:1290	the medium	1281:1290	The results obtained for the latter in terms of in vitro enoxaparin sodium release were good, the microparticles releasing only 9.42% enoxaparin sodium in acidic environment and 15.16% in the medium which simulated duodenal pH, but allowing the release of up to 89.24% in the medium which simulated colonic pH. The in vitro release profile of enoxaparin sodium was close to the ideal one, therefore the system was successfully designed using QbD approach.
28088371	4	74	theme	FS-30D/Eudragit®	574:589	arg1	CPPs					546:549	The CPPs	542:549	The CPPs studied	542:557	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	4	74	theme	FS-30D/Eudragit®	574:589	arg1	ratio					597:601	Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio	564:601	Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio	564:601	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	5	75	theme	concentration	735:747	arg1	increase					749:756	NaCl concentration increase	730:756	NaCl concentration increase	730:756	The encapsulation efficiency increased with NaCl concentration increase, the percentages of enoxaparin sodium reaching 94% for some formulations.
28088371	6	76	theme	colonic	979:985	arg1	Based					991:995	the colonic pH. Based	975:995	the colonic pH. Based on these results	975:1012	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	6	77	theme	optimum	1059:1065	arg1	formulation					1067:1077	the optimum formulation	1055:1077	the optimum formulation	1055:1077	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	6	78	theme	complete	907:914	arg1	release					916:922	a relatively complete release	894:922	a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium	894:943	Increasing the ratio Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ensured a relatively complete release of enoxaparin sodium in the environment simulating the colonic pH. Based on these results, the optimum conditions were decided and the optimum formulation was prepared.
28088371	4	79	theme	Eudragit®	564:572	arg1	CPPs					546:549	The CPPs	542:549	The CPPs studied	542:557	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
28088371	4	79	theme	Eudragit®	564:572	arg1	ratio					597:601	Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio	564:601	Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio	564:601	The CPPs studied were Eudragit® FS-30D/Eudragit® RS-PO ratio, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration.
24122733	4	0	theme	chickpea	688:695	arg1	seeds					697:701	milling chickpea seeds	680:701	milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	680:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	1	theme	different	631:639	arg1	fractions					641:649	different fractions	631:649	different fractions	631:649	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	5	2	with	consistent	1034:1043	arg1	explanations					1059:1070	physical explanations	1050:1070	physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour	1050:1135	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	5	3	dep	CONCLUSION	878:887	arg1	shows					900:904	shows	900:904	shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour	900:1135	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	4	4	from	coat	807:810	arg1	ease					672:675	ease	672:675	ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	672:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	4	from	coat	807:810	arg1	protein					787:793	protein	787:793	protein	787:793	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	5	theme	seed	802:805	arg1	coat					807:810	the seed coat and cotyledon junctions	798:834	coat	807:810	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	6	dep	seeds	697:701	arg1	insoluble					726:734	insoluble	726:734	insoluble	726:734	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	6	dep	seeds	697:701	arg1	soluble					714:720	soluble	714:720	soluble	714:720	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	7	from	components	617:626	arg1	fractions					641:649	different fractions	631:649	different fractions	631:649	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	8	from	junctions	568:576	arg1	coat					541:544	the seed coat	532:544	the seed coat	532:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	9	theme	cotyledon	816:824	arg1	junctions					826:834	the seed coat and cotyledon junctions	798:834	junctions	826:834	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	1	10	dep	composition	112:122	arg1	Part					89:92	Part I	89:94	Part I	89:94	Part I: broad chemical composition.
24122733	4	11	theme	milling	680:686	arg1	seeds					697:701	milling chickpea seeds	680:701	milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	680:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	12	theme	seed	867:870	arg1	coat					872:875	the seed coat	863:875	the seed coat	863:875	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	2	13	theme	milling	144:150	arg1	Ease					136:139	BACKGROUND Ease	125:139	BACKGROUND Ease of milling	125:150	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	2	13	theme	milling	144:150	arg1	trait					176:180	an important quality trait	155:180	an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.)	155:215	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	5	14	dep	type	968:971	arg1	kabuli					983:988	kabuli	983:988	kabuli	983:988	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	5	14	dep	type	968:971	arg1	desi					974:977	desi	974:977	desi	974:977	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	4	15	theme	seeds	697:701	arg1	ease					672:675	ease	672:675	ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	672:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	15	theme	seeds	697:701	arg1	protein					787:793	protein	787:793	protein	787:793	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	5	16	theme	milling	1119:1125	arg1	behaviour					1127:1135	milling behaviour	1119:1135	milling behaviour	1119:1135	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	5	17	theme	desi	1002:1005	arg1	genotypes					1007:1015	desi genotypes	1002:1015	desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour	1002:1135	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	3	18	theme	C.	406:407	arg1	parentage					423:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	19	with	type	360:363	arg1	parentage					423:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	20	from	cotyledons	547:556	arg1	coat					541:544	the seed coat	532:544	the seed coat	532:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	21	dep	polysaccharides	747:761	arg1	including					764:772	including	764:772	including pectins	764:780	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	22	theme	chickpea	313:320	arg1	genotypes					322:330	Four chickpea genotypes	308:330	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling	308:461	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	5	23	from	genotypes	1007:1015	arg1	ways					1020:1023	ways	1020:1023	ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour	1020:1135	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	2	24	theme	BACKGROUND	125:134	arg1	Ease					136:139	BACKGROUND Ease	125:139	BACKGROUND Ease of milling	125:150	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	2	24	theme	BACKGROUND	125:134	arg1	trait					176:180	an important quality trait	155:180	an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.)	155:215	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	3	25	theme	composition	505:515	arg1	differences					517:527	associated seed composition differences	489:527	associated seed composition differences in the seed coat	489:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	26	dep	insoluble	726:734	arg1	polysaccharides					747:761	non-starch polysaccharides	736:761	non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	736:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	5	27	theme	chickpea	939:946	arg1	composition					924:934	the chemical composition	911:934	the chemical composition of chickpea	911:946	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	2	28	theme	coat	274:277	arg1	removal					254:260	removal	254:260	removal of the seed coat	254:277	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	3	29	theme	interspecific	373:385	arg1	hybrid					387:392	one interspecific hybrid	369:392	one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	369:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	29	theme	interspecific	373:385	arg1	types					342:346	two desi types	333:346	two desi types	333:346	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	5	30	theme	seed	1079:1082	arg1	structure					1084:1092	seed structure	1079:1092	seed structure	1079:1092	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	2	31	theme	seed	269:272	arg1	coat					274:277	the seed coat	265:277	the seed coat	265:277	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	3	32	theme	seed	536:539	arg1	coat					541:544	the seed coat	532:544	the seed coat	532:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	33	theme	desi	337:340	arg1	types					342:346	two desi types	333:346	two desi types	333:346	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	33	theme	desi	337:340	arg1	hybrid					387:392	one interspecific hybrid	369:392	one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	369:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	33	theme	desi	337:340	arg1	type					360:363	one kabuli type	349:363	one kabuli type	349:363	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	34	theme	lignin	845:850	arg1	content					852:858	the lignin content	841:858	the lignin content of the seed coat	841:875	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	2	35	theme	quality	168:174	arg1	Ease					136:139	BACKGROUND Ease	125:139	BACKGROUND Ease of milling	125:150	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	2	35	theme	quality	168:174	arg1	trait					176:180	an important quality trait	155:180	an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.)	155:215	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	3	36	theme	seed	500:503	arg1	differences					517:527	associated seed composition differences	489:527	associated seed composition differences in the seed coat	489:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	2	37	dep	Cicer	197:201	arg1	L.					213:214	Cicer arietinum L.	197:214	Cicer arietinum L.	197:214	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	0	38	theme	chickpea	48:55	arg1	genotypes					78:86	easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes	20:86	easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes	20:86	Differences between easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes.
24122733	2	39	theme	important	158:166	arg1	Ease					136:139	BACKGROUND Ease	125:139	BACKGROUND Ease of milling	125:150	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	2	39	theme	important	158:166	arg1	trait					176:180	an important quality trait	155:180	an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.)	155:215	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	0	40	dep	Cicer	58:62	arg1	L.					74:75	Cicer arietinum L.	58:75	Cicer arietinum L.	58:75	Differences between easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes.
24122733	0	41	theme	difficult-to-mill	30:46	arg1	genotypes					78:86	easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes	20:86	easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes	20:86	Differences between easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes.
24122733	4	42	from	content	852:858	arg1	ease					672:675	ease	672:675	ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	672:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	42	from	content	852:858	arg1	protein					787:793	protein	787:793	protein	787:793	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	43	theme	wild	400:403	arg1	parentage					423:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	44	theme	coat	872:875	arg1	coat					807:810	the seed coat and cotyledon junctions	798:834	coat	807:810	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	44	theme	coat	872:875	arg1	junctions					826:834	the seed coat and cotyledon junctions	798:834	junctions	826:834	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	44	theme	coat	872:875	arg1	content					852:858	the lignin content	841:858	the lignin content of the seed coat	841:875	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	45	dep	genotypes	322:330	arg1	types					342:346	two desi types	333:346	two desi types	333:346	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	45	dep	genotypes	322:330	arg1	hybrid					387:392	one interspecific hybrid	369:392	one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	369:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	45	dep	genotypes	322:330	arg1	type					360:363	one kabuli type	349:363	one kabuli type	349:363	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	1	46	theme	broad	97:101	arg1	composition					112:122	broad chemical composition	97:122	broad chemical composition	97:122	Part I: broad chemical composition.
24122733	3	47	theme	kabuli	353:358	arg1	types					342:346	two desi types	333:346	two desi types	333:346	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	47	theme	kabuli	353:358	arg1	type					360:363	one kabuli type	349:363	one kabuli type	349:363	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	5	48	theme	seed	963:966	arg1	type					968:971	seed type	963:971	seed type (desi and kabuli)	963:989	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	1	49	theme	chemical	103:110	arg1	composition					112:122	broad chemical composition	97:122	broad chemical composition	97:122	Part I: broad chemical composition.
24122733	4	50	theme	non-starch	736:745	arg1	polysaccharides					747:761	non-starch polysaccharides	736:761	non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	736:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	51	with	hybrid	387:392	arg1	parentage					423:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	52	dep	RESULTS	601:607	arg1	components					617:626	Several components	609:626	RESULTS Several components in different fractions	601:649	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	2	53	theme	separate	234:241	arg1	processes					243:251	two separate processes	230:251	two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons	230:305	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	4	54	theme	Several	609:615	arg1	components					617:626	Several components	609:626	RESULTS Several components in different fractions	601:649	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	55	theme	echinospermum	409:421	arg1	parentage					423:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	'wild' C. echinospermum parentage	399:431	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	56	theme	associated	489:498	arg1	differences					517:527	associated seed composition differences	489:527	associated seed composition differences in the seed coat	489:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	57	dep	junctions	568:576	arg1	abaxial					579:585	abaxial	579:585	abaxial	579:585	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	3	57	dep	junctions	568:576	arg1	adaxial					591:597	adaxial	591:597	adaxial	591:597	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	5	58	theme	chemical	915:922	arg1	composition					924:934	the chemical composition	911:934	the chemical composition of chickpea	911:946	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
24122733	3	59	theme	milling	455:461	arg1	ease					447:450	ease	447:450	ease of milling	447:461	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	4	60	from	junctions	826:834	arg1	ease					672:675	ease	672:675	ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins)	672:781	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	4	60	from	junctions	826:834	arg1	protein					787:793	protein	787:793	protein	787:793	RESULTS Several components in different fractions were associated with ease of milling chickpea seeds: primarily soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (including pectins) and protein at the seed coat and cotyledon junctions, and the lignin content of the seed coat.
24122733	3	61	from	differences	517:527	arg1	coat					541:544	the seed coat	532:544	the seed coat	532:544	Four chickpea genotypes (two desi types, one kabuli type and one interspecific hybrid with 'wild' C. echinospermum parentage) of differing ease of milling were examined to identify associated seed composition differences in the seed coat, cotyledons and their junctions (abaxial and adaxial).
24122733	0	62	theme	easy-	20:24	arg1	genotypes					78:86	easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes	20:86	easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes	20:86	Differences between easy- and difficult-to-mill chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes.
24122733	2	63	dep	processes	243:251	arg1	removal					254:260	removal	254:260	removal of the seed coat	254:277	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	2	63	dep	processes	243:251	arg1	splitting					283:291	splitting	283:291	splitting	283:291	BACKGROUND Ease of milling is an important quality trait for chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and involves two separate processes: removal of the seed coat and splitting of cotyledons.
24122733	5	64	theme	physical	1050:1057	arg1	explanations					1059:1070	physical explanations	1050:1070	physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour	1050:1135	CONCLUSION This study shows that the chemical composition of chickpea does vary with seed type (desi and kabuli) and within desi genotypes in ways that are consistent with physical explanations of how seed structure and properties relate to milling behaviour.
28432770	1	0	from	Influence	102:110	arg1	enantioselectivity					159:176	enantioselectivity	159:176	enantioselectivity	159:176	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.
28432770	0	1	from	separation	7:16	arg1	column					94:99	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	61:99	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	61:99	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column.
28432770	5	2	theme	thermodynamic	1092:1104	arg1	parameters					1106:1115	The thermodynamic parameters	1088:1115	The thermodynamic parameters based on linear van't Hoff plots	1088:1148	The thermodynamic parameters based on linear van't Hoff plots were calculated.
28432770	2	3	theme	methanol	435:442	arg1	mixtures					423:430	mixtures	423:430	mixtures of methanol	423:442	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	4	4	with	linear	875:880	arg1	mixtures					932:939	all alcohol/water mixtures	914:939	all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase	914:969	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	2	5	from	50°C	628:631	arg1	influence					556:564	the influence	552:564	the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation	552:650	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	5	from	50°C	628:631	arg1	composition					582:592	mobile phase composition	569:592	mobile phase composition	569:592	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	5	from	50°C	628:631	arg1	temperature					605:615	column temperature	598:615	column temperature (from 0 to 50°C)	598:632	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	6	theme	temperature	605:615	arg1	influence					556:564	the influence	552:564	the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation	552:650	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	3	7	theme	herbicides	718:727	arg1	factors					695:701	selectivity factors	683:701	selectivity factors (α)	683:705	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	3	7	theme	herbicides	718:727	arg1	k					676:676	k	676:676	k	676:676	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	3	7	theme	herbicides	718:727	arg1	α					704:704	α	704:704	α	704:704	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	3	7	theme	herbicides	718:727	arg1	factors					667:673	The retention factors	653:673	The retention factors (k)	653:677	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	7	8	theme	profound	1397:1404	arg1	effect					1406:1411	a profound effect	1395:1411	a profound effect	1395:1411	The temperature and the solvents used in the mobile phase, however, were found to have a profound effect on the enantioseparation of these herbicides.
28432770	4	9	theme	pesticides	859:868	arg1	enantiomers					833:843	the enantiomers	829:843	the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides	829:868	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	2	10	theme	column	598:603	arg1	temperature					605:615	column temperature	598:615	column temperature (from 0 to 50°C)	598:632	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	4	11	theme	0-50°C	902:907	arg1	range					893:897	the range	889:897	the range of 0-50°C	889:907	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	5	12	theme	Hoff	1139:1142	arg1	plots					1144:1148	linear van't Hoff plots	1126:1148	linear van't Hoff plots	1126:1148	The thermodynamic parameters based on linear van't Hoff plots were calculated.
28432770	4	13	theme	1/T	815:817	arg1	plots					819:823	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots	781:823	plots	819:823	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	5	14	theme	va	1133:1134	arg1	plots					1144:1148	linear van't Hoff plots	1126:1148	linear van't Hoff plots	1126:1148	The thermodynamic parameters based on linear van't Hoff plots were calculated.
28432770	2	15	theme	composition	582:592	arg1	influence					556:564	the influence	552:564	the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation	552:650	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	6	16	theme	phase	1207:1211	arg1	composition					1213:1223	mobile phase composition	1200:1223	mobile phase composition	1200:1223	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes has rarely been considered simultaneously.
28432770	2	17	theme	mobile	521:526	arg1	phase					232:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	17	theme	mobile	521:526	arg1	phases					528:533	mobile phases	521:533	mobile phases	521:533	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	6	18	theme	mobile	1200:1205	arg1	composition					1213:1223	mobile phase composition	1200:1223	mobile phase composition	1200:1223	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes has rarely been considered simultaneously.
28432770	5	19	theme	linear	1126:1131	arg1	plots					1144:1148	linear van't Hoff plots	1126:1148	linear van't Hoff plots	1126:1148	The thermodynamic parameters based on linear van't Hoff plots were calculated.
28432770	0	20	theme	Chiral	0:5	arg1	separation					7:16	Chiral separation	0:16	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	0:99	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column.
28432770	2	21	dep	50°C	628:631	arg1	to					625:626	to	625:626	to	625:626	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	1	22	theme	temperature	115:125	arg1	Influence					102:110	Influence	102:110	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.	102:177	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.
28432770	2	23	from	influence	556:564	arg1	separation					641:650	the separation	637:650	the separation	637:650	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	23	from	influence	556:564	arg1	50°C					628:631	50°C	628:631	50°C	628:631	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	0	24	theme	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate	21:45	arg1	herbicides					47:56	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides	21:56	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides	21:56	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column.
28432770	7	25	theme	herbicides	1447:1456	arg1	enantioseparation					1420:1436	the enantioseparation	1416:1436	the enantioseparation of these herbicides	1416:1456	The temperature and the solvents used in the mobile phase, however, were found to have a profound effect on the enantioseparation of these herbicides.
28432770	4	26	theme	mobile	958:963	arg1	phase					965:969	the mobile phase	954:969	the mobile phase	954:969	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	4	27	theme	chiral	852:857	arg1	pesticides					859:868	the chiral pesticides	848:868	the chiral pesticides	848:868	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	6	28	theme	temperature	1184:1194	arg1	influence					1171:1179	The influence	1167:1179	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes	1167:1263	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes has rarely been considered simultaneously.
28432770	7	29	theme	mobile	1353:1358	arg1	phase					1360:1364	the mobile phase	1349:1364	the mobile phase	1349:1364	The temperature and the solvents used in the mobile phase, however, were found to have a profound effect on the enantioseparation of these herbicides.
28432770	4	30	theme	acetonitrile/water	1059:1076	arg1	mixtures					1078:1085	acetonitrile/water mixtures	1059:1085	acetonitrile/water mixtures	1059:1085	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	6	31	theme	composition	1213:1223	arg1	influence					1171:1179	The influence	1167:1179	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes	1167:1263	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes has rarely been considered simultaneously.
28432770	1	32	theme	mobile	131:136	arg1	composition					144:154	mobile phase composition	131:154	mobile phase composition	131:154	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.
28432770	2	33	with	separation	285:294	arg1	mixtures					423:430	mixtures	423:430	mixtures of methanol	423:442	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	34	theme	stationary	221:230	arg1	phase					232:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	34	theme	stationary	221:230	arg1	phases					528:533	mobile phases	521:533	mobile phases	521:533	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	35	dep	herbicides	330:339	arg1	quizalofop-p-ethyl					362:379	quizalofop-p-ethyl	362:379	quizalofop-p-ethyl	362:379	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	35	dep	herbicides	330:339	arg1	fenoxaprop-p-ethyl					342:359	fenoxaprop-p-ethyl	342:359	fenoxaprop-p-ethyl	342:359	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	35	dep	herbicides	330:339	arg1	herbicides					330:339	four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides	299:339	four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl)	299:416	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	35	dep	herbicides	330:339	arg1	haloxyfop-p-methyl					398:415	haloxyfop-p-methyl	398:415	haloxyfop-p-methyl	398:415	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	0	36	theme	herbicides	47:56	arg1	separation					7:16	Chiral separation	0:16	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	0:99	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column.
28432770	2	37	theme	chiral	214:219	arg1	phase					232:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	37	theme	chiral	214:219	arg1	phases					528:533	mobile phases	521:533	mobile phases	521:533	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	38	used	used	182:185	arg2	We					179:180	We	179:180	We	179:180	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	4	39	theme	lnk	980:982	arg1	plots					995:999	the lnk versus 1/T plots	976:999	plots	995:999	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	4	39	theme	lnk	980:982	arg1	nonlinear					1006:1014	nonlinear	1006:1014	nonlinear	1006:1014	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	0	40	theme	permethyl-β-cyclodextrin	63:86	arg1	column					94:99	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	61:99	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	61:99	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column.
28432770	4	41	theme	alcohol/water	918:930	arg1	mixtures					932:939	all alcohol/water mixtures	914:939	all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase	914:969	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	2	42	theme	permethyl-β-cyclodextrin	189:212	arg1	phase					232:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase	187:236	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	42	theme	permethyl-β-cyclodextrin	189:212	arg1	phases					528:533	mobile phases	521:533	mobile phases	521:533	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	43	theme	chiral	278:283	arg1	separation					285:294	the chiral separation	274:294	the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol	274:442	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	1	44	theme	phase	138:142	arg1	composition					144:154	mobile phase composition	131:154	mobile phase composition	131:154	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.
28432770	3	45	theme	selectivity	683:693	arg1	factors					695:701	selectivity factors	683:701	selectivity factors (α)	683:705	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	3	45	theme	selectivity	683:693	arg1	α					704:704	α	704:704	α	704:704	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	4	46	theme	1/T	991:993	arg1	plots					995:999	the lnk versus 1/T plots	976:999	plots	995:999	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	4	46	theme	1/T	991:993	arg1	nonlinear					1006:1014	nonlinear	1006:1014	nonlinear	1006:1014	The lnα versus 1/T and lnk versus 1/T plots for the enantiomers of the chiral pesticides were linear within the range of 0-50°C with all alcohol/water mixtures constituting the mobile phase, but the lnk versus 1/T plots were nonlinear for all the enantiomers chromatographed in acetonitrile/water mixtures.
28432770	6	47	from	influence	1171:1179	arg1	enantioseparation					1232:1248	the enantioseparation	1228:1248	the enantioseparation of the solutes	1228:1263	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes has rarely been considered simultaneously.
28432770	1	48	theme	composition	144:154	arg1	Influence					102:110	Influence	102:110	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.	102:177	Influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on enantioselectivity.
28432770	6	49	theme	solutes	1257:1263	arg1	enantioseparation					1232:1248	the enantioseparation	1228:1248	the enantioseparation of the solutes	1228:1263	The influence of temperature and mobile phase composition on the enantioseparation of the solutes has rarely been considered simultaneously.
28432770	3	50	theme	retention	657:665	arg1	k					676:676	k	676:676	k	676:676	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	3	50	theme	retention	657:665	arg1	factors					667:673	The retention factors	653:673	The retention factors (k)	653:677	The retention factors (k) and selectivity factors (α) of all the herbicides investigated decreased with increasing temperature.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	n-propanol					466:475	n-propanol	466:475	n-propanol	466:475	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	water					512:516	water	512:516	water	512:516	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	ethanol					445:451	ethanol	445:451	ethanol	445:451	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	tert-butanol					478:489	tert-butanol	478:489	tert-butanol	478:489	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	conditions					259:268	reversed-phase conditions	244:268	reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol	244:442	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	acetonitrile					495:506	acetonitrile	495:506	acetonitrile	495:506	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	51	theme	reversed-phase	244:257	arg1	2-propanol					454:463	2-propanol	454:463	2-propanol	454:463	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	52	theme	herbicides	330:339	arg1	separation					285:294	the chiral separation	274:294	the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol	274:442	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	53	theme	mobile	569:574	arg1	composition					582:592	mobile phase composition	569:592	mobile phase composition	569:592	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	54	theme	phase	576:580	arg1	composition					582:592	mobile phase composition	569:592	mobile phase composition	569:592	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	55	theme	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate	304:328	arg1	quizalofop-p-ethyl					362:379	quizalofop-p-ethyl	362:379	quizalofop-p-ethyl	362:379	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	55	theme	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate	304:328	arg1	fenoxaprop-p-ethyl					342:359	fenoxaprop-p-ethyl	342:359	fenoxaprop-p-ethyl	342:359	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	55	theme	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate	304:328	arg1	herbicides					330:339	four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides	299:339	four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl)	299:416	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	55	theme	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate	304:328	arg1	tefuryl					385:391	tefuryl	385:391	tefuryl	385:391	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	2	55	theme	aryloxyphenoxy-propionate	304:328	arg1	haloxyfop-p-methyl					398:415	haloxyfop-p-methyl	398:415	haloxyfop-p-methyl	398:415	We used a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase under reversed-phase conditions for the chiral separation of four aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl and tefuryl, and haloxyfop-p-methyl) with mixtures of methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, n-propanol, tert-butanol, or acetonitrile and water as mobile phases and investigated the influence of mobile phase composition and column temperature (from 0 to 50°C) on the separation.
28432770	0	56	theme	based	88:92	arg1	column					94:99	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	61:99	a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column	61:99	Chiral separation of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides in a permethyl-β-cyclodextrin based column.
28432770	7	57	contain	have	1390:1393	arg2	effect					1406:1411	a profound effect	1395:1411	a profound effect	1395:1411	The temperature and the solvents used in the mobile phase, however, were found to have a profound effect on the enantioseparation of these herbicides.
28432770	7	57	contain	have	1390:1393	arg1	temperature					1312:1322	The temperature	1308:1322	The temperature	1308:1322	The temperature and the solvents used in the mobile phase, however, were found to have a profound effect on the enantioseparation of these herbicides.
28432770	7	57	contain	have	1390:1393	arg1	solvents					1332:1339	the solvents	1328:1339	the solvents used in the mobile phase	1328:1364	The temperature and the solvents used in the mobile phase, however, were found to have a profound effect on the enantioseparation of these herbicides.
27402836	7	0	theme	glycosylation	1245:1257	arg1	loss					1228:1231	a complete loss	1217:1231	a complete loss of collagen glycosylation	1217:1257	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	6	1	theme	collagen	941:948	arg1	folding					950:956	collagen folding	941:956	collagen folding	941:956	Loss of GLT25D1 decreased collagen glycosylation by up to 60% but did not alter collagen folding and thermal stability.
27402836	7	2	theme	GLT25D1	1030:1036	arg1	genes					1050:1054	individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1005:1054	individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1005:1054	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	4	3	theme	GLT25D1	620:626	arg1	Loss					612:615	Loss	612:615	Loss of GLT25D1	612:626	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	0	4	from	Accumulation	9:20	arg1	Cells					38:42	Osteosarcoma Cells	25:42	Osteosarcoma Cells	25:42	Collagen Accumulation in Osteosarcoma Cells lacking GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase.
27402836	3	5	theme	collagen	532:539	arg1	GLT25D1					563:569	collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1	532:569	collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1	532:569	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	6	from	genes	583:587	arg1	cells					605:609	osteosarcoma cells	592:609	osteosarcoma cells	592:609	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	7	7	theme	GLT25D2	1155:1161	arg1	genes					1163:1167	GLT25D2 genes	1155:1167	GLT25D2 genes	1155:1167	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	3	8	theme	glycosylation	421:433	arg1	role					413:416	the role	409:416	the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion	409:480	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	9	used	used	486:489	arg2	we					483:484	we	483:484	we	483:484	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	7	10	theme	collagen	1236:1243	arg1	glycosylation					1245:1257	collagen glycosylation	1236:1257	collagen glycosylation	1236:1257	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	3	11	dep	GLT25D1	563:569	arg1	the					528:530	the	528:530	the	528:530	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	7	12	theme	complete	1219:1226	arg1	loss					1228:1231	a complete loss	1217:1231	a complete loss of collagen glycosylation	1217:1257	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	3	13	from	role	413:416	arg1	folding					459:465	folding	459:465	folding	459:465	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	13	from	role	413:416	arg1	secretion					472:480	secretion	472:480	secretion	472:480	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	13	from	role	413:416	arg1	expression					447:456	collagen expression	438:456	collagen expression	438:456	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	14	gly	glycosylation	421:433	arg1	collagen					438:445	collagen expression	438:456	collagen expression	438:456	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	15	from	GLT25D1	563:569	arg1	cells					605:609	osteosarcoma cells	592:609	osteosarcoma cells	592:609	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	1	16	theme	hydroxylysine	205:217	arg1	glycosylation					188:200	glycosylation	188:200	glycosylation of hydroxylysine	188:217	Collagen is post-translationally modified by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation and subsequently by glycosylation of hydroxylysine.
27402836	3	17	theme	collagen	438:445	arg1	expression					447:456	collagen expression	438:456	collagen expression	438:456	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	3	18	theme	GLT25D2	575:581	arg1	genes					583:587	GLT25D2 genes	575:587	GLT25D2 genes	575:587	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	5	19	theme	GLT25D2	841:847	arg1	expression					849:858	GLT25D2 expression	841:858	GLT25D2 expression	841:858	Inactivation of the GLT25D1 gene resulted in a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression.
27402836	7	20	theme	osteosarcoma	1267:1278	arg1	proliferation					1285:1297	osteosarcoma cell proliferation	1267:1297	osteosarcoma cell proliferation	1267:1297	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	0	21	theme	Collagen	0:7	arg1	Accumulation					9:20	Collagen Accumulation	0:20	Collagen Accumulation in Osteosarcoma Cells	0:42	Collagen Accumulation in Osteosarcoma Cells lacking GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase.
27402836	7	22	theme	inactive	1134:1141	arg1	GLT25D1					1143:1149	simultaneously inactive GLT25D1	1119:1149	simultaneously inactive GLT25D1	1119:1149	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	2	23	theme	functional	331:340	arg1	significance					342:353	the functional significance	327:353	the functional significance of collagen glycosylation	327:379	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	0	24	theme	Osteosarcoma	25:36	arg1	Cells					38:42	Osteosarcoma Cells	25:42	Osteosarcoma Cells	25:42	Collagen Accumulation in Osteosarcoma Cells lacking GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase.
27402836	5	25	theme	expression	849:858	arg1	induction					828:836	a compensatory induction	813:836	a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression	813:858	Inactivation of the GLT25D1 gene resulted in a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression.
27402836	3	26	theme	osteosarcoma	592:603	arg1	cells					605:609	osteosarcoma cells	592:609	osteosarcoma cells	592:609	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	1	27	theme	prolyl	137:142	arg1	hydroxylation					154:166	prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation	137:166	prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation	137:166	Collagen is post-translationally modified by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation and subsequently by glycosylation of hydroxylysine.
27402836	4	28	theme	GLT25D2	723:729	arg1	loss					715:718	loss	715:718	loss of GLT25D2	715:729	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	2	29	theme	glycosylation	367:379	arg1	significance					342:353	the functional significance	327:353	the functional significance of collagen glycosylation	327:379	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	7	30	with	clones	1107:1112	arg1	GLT25D1					1143:1149	simultaneously inactive GLT25D1	1119:1149	simultaneously inactive GLT25D1	1119:1149	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	7	30	with	clones	1107:1112	arg1	genes					1163:1167	GLT25D2 genes	1155:1167	GLT25D2 genes	1155:1167	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	6	31	dep	60	919:920	arg1	to					916:917	to	916:917	to	916:917	Loss of GLT25D1 decreased collagen glycosylation by up to 60% but did not alter collagen folding and thermal stability.
27402836	4	32	theme	type	699:702	arg1	expression					645:654	increased expression	635:654	increased expression	635:654	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	4	32	theme	type	699:702	arg1	accumulation					674:685	intracellular accumulation	660:685	intracellular accumulation of collagen type I	660:704	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	5	33	theme	compensatory	815:826	arg1	induction					828:836	a compensatory induction	813:836	a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression	813:858	Inactivation of the GLT25D1 gene resulted in a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression.
27402836	7	34	theme	cell	1102:1105	arg1	clones					1107:1112	cell clones	1102:1112	cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1102:1167	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	2	35	theme	Glc	278:280	arg1	Gal					287:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal	257:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	257:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	4	36	theme	collagen	690:697	arg1	type					699:702	collagen type I	690:704	collagen type I	690:704	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	0	37	theme	Collagen	60:67	arg1	Galactosyltransferase					69:89	GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase	52:89	GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase	52:89	Collagen Accumulation in Osteosarcoma Cells lacking GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase.
27402836	7	38	theme	cell	1280:1283	arg1	proliferation					1285:1297	osteosarcoma cell proliferation	1267:1297	osteosarcoma cell proliferation	1267:1297	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	2	39	theme	structure	268:276	arg1	Gal					287:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal	257:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	257:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	0	40	theme	GLT25D1	52:58	arg1	Galactosyltransferase					69:89	GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase	52:89	GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase	52:89	Collagen Accumulation in Osteosarcoma Cells lacking GLT25D1 Collagen Galactosyltransferase.
27402836	6	41	theme	thermal	962:968	arg1	stability					970:978	thermal stability	962:978	thermal stability	962:978	Loss of GLT25D1 decreased collagen glycosylation by up to 60% but did not alter collagen folding and thermal stability.
27402836	3	42	theme	CRISPR/Cas9	495:505	arg1	system					507:512	the CRISPR/Cas9 system	491:512	the CRISPR/Cas9 system	491:512	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	6	43	theme	collagen	887:894	arg1	glycosylation					896:908	collagen glycosylation	887:908	collagen glycosylation	887:908	Loss of GLT25D1 decreased collagen glycosylation by up to 60% but did not alter collagen folding and thermal stability.
27402836	2	44	theme	glycan	261:266	arg1	Gal					287:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal	257:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	257:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	1	45	theme	lysyl	148:152	arg1	hydroxylation					154:166	prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation	137:166	prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation	137:166	Collagen is post-translationally modified by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation and subsequently by glycosylation of hydroxylysine.
27402836	2	46	from	hydroxylysine	301:313	arg1	animals					318:324	animals	318:324	animals	318:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	2	47	theme	collagen	358:365	arg1	glycosylation					367:379	collagen glycosylation	358:379	collagen glycosylation	358:379	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	7	48	theme	inactivated	1018:1028	arg1	genes					1050:1054	individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1005:1054	individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1005:1054	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	1	49	gly	glycosylation	188:200	arg1	hydroxylysine					205:217	hydroxylysine	205:217	hydroxylysine	205:217	Collagen is post-translationally modified by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation and subsequently by glycosylation of hydroxylysine.
27402836	6	50	theme	GLT25D1	869:875	arg1	Loss					861:864	Loss	861:864	Loss of GLT25D1	861:875	Loss of GLT25D1 decreased collagen glycosylation by up to 60% but did not alter collagen folding and thermal stability.
27402836	2	51	theme	Gal	287:289	arg1	occurrence					243:252	the widespread occurrence	228:252	the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	228:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	4	52	theme	collagen	748:755	arg1	secretion					757:765	collagen secretion	748:765	collagen secretion	748:765	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	2	53	attach	linked	291:296	arg2	Gal					287:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal	257:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	257:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	2	53	attach	linked	291:296	arg1	hydroxylysine					301:313	hydroxylysine	301:313	hydroxylysine in animals	301:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	5	54	theme	GLT25D1	788:794	arg1	gene					796:799	the GLT25D1 gene	784:799	the GLT25D1 gene	784:799	Inactivation of the GLT25D1 gene resulted in a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression.
27402836	2	55	theme	widespread	232:241	arg1	occurrence					243:252	the widespread occurrence	228:252	the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	228:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	1	56	mod	modified	125:132	arg1	Collagen					92:99	Collagen	92:99	Collagen	92:99	Collagen is post-translationally modified by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation and subsequently by glycosylation of hydroxylysine.
27402836	1	56	mod	modified	125:132	arg3	hydroxylation					154:166	prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation	137:166	prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation	137:166	Collagen is post-translationally modified by prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation and subsequently by glycosylation of hydroxylysine.
27402836	7	57	theme	GLT25D2	1042:1048	arg1	genes					1050:1054	individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1005:1054	individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes	1005:1054	Whereas cells harboring individually inactivated GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be recovered and maintained in culture, cell clones with simultaneously inactive GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes could be not grown and studied, suggesting that a complete loss of collagen glycosylation impairs osteosarcoma cell proliferation and viability.
27402836	3	58	theme	galactosyltransferase	541:561	arg1	GLT25D1					563:569	collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1	532:569	collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1	532:569	To address the role of glycosylation in collagen expression, folding, and secretion, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to inactivate the collagen galactosyltransferase GLT25D1 and GLT25D2 genes in osteosarcoma cells.
27402836	4	59	theme	intracellular	660:672	arg1	accumulation					674:685	intracellular accumulation	660:685	intracellular accumulation of collagen type I	660:704	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	5	60	theme	gene	796:799	arg1	Inactivation					768:779	Inactivation	768:779	Inactivation of the GLT25D1 gene	768:799	Inactivation of the GLT25D1 gene resulted in a compensatory induction of GLT25D2 expression.
27402836	4	61	contain	had	731:733	arg2	effect					738:743	no effect	735:743	no effect	735:743	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	4	61	contain	had	731:733	arg1	loss					715:718	loss	715:718	loss of GLT25D2	715:729	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
27402836	2	62	theme	α1-2	282:285	arg1	Gal					287:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal	257:289	the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals	257:324	Despite the widespread occurrence of the glycan structure Glc(α1-2)Gal linked to hydroxylysine in animals, the functional significance of collagen glycosylation remains elusive.
27402836	4	63	theme	increased	635:643	arg1	expression					645:654	increased expression	635:654	increased expression	635:654	Loss of GLT25D1 led to increased expression and intracellular accumulation of collagen type I, whereas loss of GLT25D2 had no effect on collagen secretion.
28659516	0	0	theme	ion	81:83	arg1	removal					85:91	heavy metal ion removal	69:91	heavy metal ion removal	69:91	Surface modified polythiophene nanocomposite using HPC and DBSNa for heavy metal ion removal.
28659516	1	1	theme	dodecyl	294:300	arg1	DBSNa					321:325	DBSNa	321:325	DBSNa	321:325	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	1	theme	dodecyl	294:300	arg1	sulfonate					310:318	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate	287:318	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa)	287:326	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	2	theme	adsorbents	146:155	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	2	theme	adsorbents	146:155	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	2	theme	adsorbents	146:155	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	4	3	theme	PTh/RHA/HPC	979:989	arg1	nanocomposite					991:1003	PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite	979:1003	PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	979:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	3	4	theme	nanoadsorbent	780:792	arg1	efficiency					762:771	the extraction efficiency	747:771	the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions	747:884	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	0	5	theme	metal	75:79	arg1	removal					85:91	heavy metal ion removal	69:91	heavy metal ion removal	69:91	Surface modified polythiophene nanocomposite using HPC and DBSNa for heavy metal ion removal.
28659516	1	6	theme	benzene	302:308	arg1	DBSNa					321:325	DBSNa	321:325	DBSNa	321:325	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	6	theme	benzene	302:308	arg1	sulfonate					310:318	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate	287:318	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa)	287:326	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	7	theme	polythiophene	157:169	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	7	theme	polythiophene	157:169	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	7	theme	polythiophene	157:169	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	3	8	theme	metal	818:822	arg1	concentration					828:840	metal ion concentration	818:840	metal ion concentration	818:840	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	5	9	theme	adsorption	1125:1134	arg1	isotherms					1136:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms	1097:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1097:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	9	theme	adsorption	1125:1134	arg1	Sips					1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	9	theme	adsorption	1125:1134	arg1	Freundlich					1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	9	theme	adsorption	1125:1134	arg1	Langmuir					1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	1	10	theme	sulfonate	310:318	arg1	presence					239:246	the presence	235:246	the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa)	235:326	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	2	11	theme	nanocomposite	543:555	arg1	adsorbents					557:566	the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents	527:566	the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents	527:566	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	11	theme	nanocomposite	543:555	arg1	sorbent					597:603	an efficient sorbent	584:603	an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water	584:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	12	theme	Pb	609:610	arg1	removal					620:626	Pb(II) ion removal	609:626	Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water	609:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	6	13	theme	pseudo-second-order	1378:1396	arg1	model					1398:1402	the pseudo-second-order model	1374:1402	the pseudo-second-order model	1374:1402	The pseudo-first-order model and the pseudo-second-order model were adopted to analyze the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa.
28659516	3	14	theme	ion	824:826	arg1	concentration					828:840	metal ion concentration	818:840	metal ion concentration	818:840	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	2	15	theme	synthesized	531:541	arg1	adsorbents					557:566	the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents	527:566	the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents	527:566	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	15	theme	synthesized	531:541	arg1	sorbent					597:603	an efficient sorbent	584:603	an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water	584:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	3	16	dep	dosage	810:815	arg1	i.e.					794:797	i.e.	794:797	i.e.	794:797	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	7	17	theme	initial	1686:1692	arg1	concentration					1694:1706	initial concentration	1686:1706	initial concentration of 50 mg/L	1686:1717	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	2	18	theme	PTh/RHA	700:706	arg1	composite					708:716	pure PTh/RHA composite	695:716	pure PTh/RHA composite	695:716	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	4	19	theme	solution	1042:1049	arg1	mL					1021:1022	50 mL	1018:1022	50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	1018:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	2	20	theme	efficient	587:595	arg1	adsorbents					557:566	the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents	527:566	the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents	527:566	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	20	theme	efficient	587:595	arg1	sorbent					597:603	an efficient sorbent	584:603	an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water	584:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	7	21	theme	chemical	1746:1753	arg1	adsorption					1755:1764	chemical adsorption	1746:1764	chemical adsorption	1746:1764	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	7	22	theme	pseudo-second-order	1586:1604	arg1	model					1614:1618	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	1582:1618	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	1582:1618	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	2	23	theme	pure	695:698	arg1	composite					708:716	pure PTh/RHA composite	695:716	pure PTh/RHA composite	695:716	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	24	theme	synthesized	348:358	arg1	nanoparticles					360:372	The synthesized nanoparticles	344:372	The synthesized nanoparticles	344:372	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	4	25	theme	highest	909:915	arg1	efficiency					917:926	The highest efficiency	905:926	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%)	905:949	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	5	26	theme	non-linear	1114:1123	arg1	isotherms					1136:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms	1097:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1097:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	26	theme	non-linear	1114:1123	arg1	Sips					1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	26	theme	non-linear	1114:1123	arg1	Freundlich					1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	26	theme	non-linear	1114:1123	arg1	Langmuir					1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	3	27	theme	extraction	843:852	arg1	time					854:857	extraction time	843:857	extraction time	843:857	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	1	28	theme	PTh	172:174	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	28	theme	PTh	172:174	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	28	theme	PTh	172:174	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	2	29	theme	electron	445:452	arg1	TEM					466:468	TEM	466:468	TEM	466:468	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	29	theme	electron	445:452	arg1	microscopy					454:463	transmission electron microscopy	432:463	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	432:469	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	5	30	theme	linear	1103:1108	arg1	isotherms					1136:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms	1097:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1097:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	30	theme	linear	1103:1108	arg1	Sips					1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	30	theme	linear	1103:1108	arg1	Freundlich					1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	30	theme	linear	1103:1108	arg1	Langmuir					1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	2	31	theme	ion	616:618	arg1	removal					620:626	Pb(II) ion removal	609:626	Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water	609:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	7	32	theme	mg/L	1714:1717	arg1	concentration					1694:1706	initial concentration	1686:1706	initial concentration of 50 mg/L	1686:1717	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	7	33	from	concentration	1694:1706	arg1	adsorption					1641:1650	the adsorption	1637:1650	the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L	1637:1717	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	4	34	theme	Pb	1035:1036	arg1	solution					1042:1049	10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	1027:1049	10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	1027:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	1	35	theme	/rice	176:180	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	35	theme	/rice	176:180	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	35	theme	/rice	176:180	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	2	36	theme	electron	405:412	arg1	microscopy					414:423	scanning electron microscopy	396:423	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	396:429	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	36	theme	electron	405:412	arg1	SEM					426:428	SEM	426:428	SEM	426:428	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	1	37	theme	hydroxyl	251:258	arg1	HPC					278:280	HPC	278:280	HPC	278:280	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	37	theme	hydroxyl	251:258	arg1	cellulose					267:275	hydroxyl propyl cellulose	251:275	hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC)	251:281	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	7	38	theme	kinetic	1606:1612	arg1	model					1614:1618	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	1582:1618	the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	1582:1618	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	4	39	theme	mg/L	1030:1033	arg1	solution					1042:1049	10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	1027:1049	10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	1027:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	1	40	theme	husk	182:185	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	40	theme	husk	182:185	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	40	theme	husk	182:185	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	2	41	theme	scanning	396:403	arg1	microscopy					414:423	scanning electron microscopy	396:423	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	396:429	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	41	theme	scanning	396:403	arg1	SEM					426:428	SEM	426:428	SEM	426:428	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	1	42	theme	propyl	260:265	arg1	HPC					278:280	HPC	278:280	HPC	278:280	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	42	theme	propyl	260:265	arg1	cellulose					267:275	hydroxyl propyl cellulose	251:275	hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC)	251:281	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	6	43	theme	pseudo-first-order	1345:1362	arg1	model					1364:1368	The pseudo-first-order model	1341:1368	The pseudo-first-order model	1341:1368	The pseudo-first-order model and the pseudo-second-order model were adopted to analyze the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa.
28659516	5	44	theme	Sips	1246:1249	arg1	isotherms					1251:1259	Freundlich and Sips isotherms	1231:1259	Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1231:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	3	45	theme	adsorption	864:873	arg1	conditions					875:884	adsorption conditions	864:884	adsorption conditions	864:884	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	4	46	theme	adsorption	931:940	arg1	efficiency					917:926	The highest efficiency	905:926	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%)	905:949	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	2	47	theme	transmission	432:443	arg1	TEM					466:468	TEM	466:468	TEM	466:468	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	47	theme	transmission	432:443	arg1	microscopy					454:463	transmission electron microscopy	432:463	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	432:469	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	1	48	theme	cellulose	267:275	arg1	presence					239:246	the presence	235:246	the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa)	235:326	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	4	49	from	adsorbent	1005:1013	arg1	mL					1021:1022	50 mL	1018:1022	50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	1018:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	2	50	from	water	646:650	arg1	removal					620:626	Pb(II) ion removal	609:626	Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water	609:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	7	51	theme	experimental	1519:1530	arg1	capacity					1543:1550	the experimental adsorption capacity	1515:1550	the experimental adsorption capacity	1515:1550	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	3	52	theme	Several	719:725	arg1	variables					727:735	Several variables	719:735	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions	719:884	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	2	53	theme	infrared	493:500	arg1	FTIR					516:519	FTIR	516:519	FTIR	516:519	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	53	theme	infrared	493:500	arg1	spectroscopy					502:513	infrared spectroscopy	493:513	infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	493:520	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	6	54	from	kinetics	1443:1450	arg1	PTh/RHA/DBSNa					1481:1493	PTh/RHA/DBSNa	1481:1493	PTh/RHA/DBSNa	1481:1493	The pseudo-first-order model and the pseudo-second-order model were adopted to analyze the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa.
28659516	6	54	from	kinetics	1443:1450	arg1	PTh/RHA/HPC					1465:1475	PTh/RHA/HPC	1465:1475	PTh/RHA/HPC	1465:1475	The pseudo-first-order model and the pseudo-second-order model were adopted to analyze the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa.
28659516	7	55	with	consistency	1500:1510	arg1	ones					1561:1564	the ones	1557:1564	the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	1557:1618	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	5	56	theme	known	1097:1101	arg1	isotherms					1136:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms	1097:1144	known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1097:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	56	theme	known	1097:1101	arg1	Sips					1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Sips	1181:1184	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	56	theme	known	1097:1101	arg1	Freundlich					1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Freundlich	1166:1175	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	56	theme	known	1097:1101	arg1	Langmuir					1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Langmuir	1156:1163	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	57	theme	adsorbent	1330:1338	arg1	structure					1313:1321	heterogeneous structure	1299:1321	heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1299:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	1	58	theme	present	101:107	arg1	work					109:112	the present work	97:112	the present work	97:112	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	2	59	dep	Fourier	475:481	arg1	transform					483:491	transform	483:491	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	483:520	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	2	60	theme	contaminated	633:644	arg1	water					646:650	contaminated water	633:650	contaminated water	633:650	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	5	61	theme	Freundlich	1231:1240	arg1	isotherms					1251:1259	Freundlich and Sips isotherms	1231:1259	Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1231:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	62	theme	best	1201:1204	arg1	result					1206:1211	the best result	1197:1211	the best result	1197:1211	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	4	63	from	mL	1021:1022	arg1	adsorbent					1005:1013	adsorbent	1005:1013	adsorbent	1005:1013	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	6	64	theme	Pb	1455:1456	arg1	kinetics					1443:1450	the adsorption kinetics	1428:1450	the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa	1428:1493	The pseudo-first-order model and the pseudo-second-order model were adopted to analyze the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa.
28659516	3	65	theme	extraction	751:760	arg1	efficiency					762:771	the extraction efficiency	747:771	the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions	747:884	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	7	66	theme	Pb	1655:1656	arg1	adsorption					1641:1650	the adsorption	1637:1650	the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L	1637:1717	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	5	67	from	adsorption	1285:1294	arg1	structure					1313:1321	heterogeneous structure	1299:1321	heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1299:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	1	68	theme	surface	115:121	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	68	theme	surface	115:121	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	68	theme	surface	115:121	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	4	69	theme	10	1027:1028	arg1	mg/L					1030:1033	mg/L	1030:1033	mg/L	1030:1033	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	5	70	theme	multilayer	1274:1283	arg1	adsorption					1285:1294	multilayer adsorption	1274:1294	multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1274:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	0	71	theme	heavy	69:73	arg1	removal					85:91	heavy metal ion removal	69:91	heavy metal ion removal	69:91	Surface modified polythiophene nanocomposite using HPC and DBSNa for heavy metal ion removal.
28659516	4	72	theme	adsorbent	1005:1013	arg1	nanocomposite					991:1003	PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite	979:1003	PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	979:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	5	73	theme	Equilibrium	1052:1062	arg1	studies					1064:1070	Equilibrium studies	1052:1070	Equilibrium studies	1052:1070	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	5	74	theme	heterogeneous	1299:1311	arg1	structure					1313:1321	heterogeneous structure	1299:1321	heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent	1299:1338	Equilibrium studies were also performed with known linear and non-linear adsorption isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips from which the best result was achieved with Freundlich and Sips isotherms representing multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous structure of the adsorbent.
28659516	1	75	theme	modified	123:130	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	75	theme	modified	123:130	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	75	theme	modified	123:130	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	3	76	theme	adsorbent	800:808	arg1	dosage					810:815	adsorbent dosage	800:815	adsorbent dosage	800:815	Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the nanoadsorbent i.e., adsorbent dosage, metal ion concentration, extraction time, and adsorption conditions were investigated.
28659516	7	77	theme	adsorption	1532:1541	arg1	capacity					1543:1550	the experimental adsorption capacity	1515:1550	the experimental adsorption capacity	1515:1550	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28659516	6	78	theme	adsorption	1432:1441	arg1	kinetics					1443:1450	the adsorption kinetics	1428:1450	the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa	1428:1493	The pseudo-first-order model and the pseudo-second-order model were adopted to analyze the adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) on PTh/RHA/HPC and PTh/RHA/DBSNa.
28659516	1	79	theme	sodium	287:292	arg1	DBSNa					321:325	DBSNa	321:325	DBSNa	321:325	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	79	theme	sodium	287:292	arg1	sulfonate					310:318	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate	287:318	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa)	287:326	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	0	80	theme	polythiophene	17:29	arg1	nanocomposite					31:43	polythiophene nanocomposite	17:43	polythiophene nanocomposite	17:43	Surface modified polythiophene nanocomposite using HPC and DBSNa for heavy metal ion removal.
28659516	2	81	theme	removal	660:666	arg1	efficiency					668:677	the removal efficiency	656:677	the removal efficiency	656:677	The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbents were applied as an efficient sorbent for Pb(II) ion removal from contaminated water and the removal efficiency was compared to pure PTh/RHA composite.
28659516	1	82	theme	nanocomposite	132:144	arg1	ash					187:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash	115:189	surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA)	115:195	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	82	theme	nanocomposite	132:144	arg1	surfactants					331:341	surfactants	331:341	surfactants	331:341	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	1	82	theme	nanocomposite	132:144	arg1	RHA					192:194	RHA	192:194	RHA	192:194	In the present work, surface modified nanocomposite adsorbents polythiophene (PTh)/rice husk ash (RHA) have successfully been synthesized in the presence of hydroxyl propyl cellulose (HPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactants.
28659516	4	83	theme	nanocomposite	991:1003	arg1	g					974:974	0.05 g	969:974	0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution	969:1049	The highest efficiency of adsorption (98.12%) was achieved with 0.05 g of PTh/RHA/HPC nanocomposite adsorbent in 50 mL of 10 mg/L Pb(II) solution.
28659516	7	84	theme	capacity	1543:1550	arg1	consistency					1500:1510	The consistency	1496:1510	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model	1496:1618	The consistency of the experimental adsorption capacity with the ones calculated from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model illustrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto both adsorbents at initial concentration of 50 mg/L was probably controlled by chemical adsorption.
28333992	0	0	theme	dermal	80:85	arg1	matrices					87:94	dermal matrices	80:94	dermal matrices	80:94	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	3	1	theme	FTMs	302:305	arg1	properties					288:297	Current epidermal barrier properties	262:297	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs	262:305	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	5	2	theme	collagen-chitosan	644:660	arg1	CC-FTMs					668:674	CC-FTMs	668:674	CC-FTMs	668:674	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	5	2	theme	collagen-chitosan	644:660	arg1	FTMs					662:665	these collagen-chitosan FTMs	638:665	these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs)	638:675	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	8	3	theme	long	1151:1154	arg1	phase					1168:1172	the long periodicity phase	1147:1172	the long periodicity phase	1147:1172	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	8	4	theme	stratum	1090:1096	arg1	corneum					1098:1104	the stratum corneum	1086:1104	the stratum corneum	1086:1104	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	12	5	theme	novel	1575:1579	arg1	CC-FTM					1581:1586	The novel CC-FTM	1571:1586	The novel CC-FTM	1571:1586	The novel CC-FTM resembles the NHS more closely, which makes them a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies.
28333992	10	6	theme	transepidermal	1365:1378	arg1	loss					1386:1389	the transepidermal water loss	1361:1389	the transepidermal water loss	1361:1389	The inside-out barrier functionality indicated by the transepidermal water loss is significantly improved in the CC-FTMs.
28333992	11	7	theme	enzymes	1486:1492	arg1	expression					1437:1446	The expression	1433:1446	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1433:1492	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	5	8	dep	programs	765:772	arg1	both					725:728	both	725:728	both	725:728	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	7	9	theme	FTM	933:935	arg1	types					937:941	both FTM types	928:941	both FTM types	928:941	Dermal-epidermal interactions are functional in both FTM types, based on the formation of the basement membrane.
28333992	12	10	theme	epidermal	1658:1666	arg1	barrier					1668:1674	epidermal barrier	1658:1674	epidermal barrier	1658:1674	The novel CC-FTM resembles the NHS more closely, which makes them a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies.
28333992	3	11	theme	native	337:342	arg1	NHS					356:358	NHS	356:358	NHS	356:358	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	3	11	theme	native	337:342	arg1	skin					350:353	native human skin	337:353	native human skin (NHS)	337:359	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	8	12	theme	extracellular	1056:1068	arg1	matrix					1076:1081	the extracellular lipid matrix	1052:1081	the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum	1052:1104	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	5	13	theme	well-organized	687:700	arg1	epidermis					702:710	a well-organized epidermis	685:710	a well-organized epidermis	685:710	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	1	14	contain	contain	137:143	arg2	epidermal					148:156	epidermal	148:156	epidermal	148:156	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	1	14	contain	contain	137:143	arg2	dermal					164:169	dermal	164:169	dermal	164:169	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	1	14	contain	contain	137:143	arg1	thickness					102:110	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	3	15	theme	skin	386:389	arg1	models					391:396	these human skin models	374:396	these human skin models	374:396	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	5	16	theme	differentiation	749:763	arg1	programs					765:772	both the early and late differentiation programs	725:772	programs	765:772	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	5	17	from	programs	765:772	arg1	FTMs					780:783	FTMs	780:783	FTMs	780:783	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	5	18	theme	early	734:738	arg1	programs					765:772	both the early and late differentiation programs	725:772	programs	765:772	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	11	19	theme	single	1548:1553	arg1	layer					1564:1568	a single granular layer	1546:1568	a single granular layer	1546:1568	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	12	20	theme	promising	1639:1647	arg1	tool					1649:1652	a promising tool	1637:1652	a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies	1637:1690	The novel CC-FTM resembles the NHS more closely, which makes them a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies.
28333992	8	21	theme	repeat	1128:1133	arg1	distance					1135:1142	an elongated repeat distance	1115:1142	an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase	1115:1172	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	0	22	theme	epidermal	9:17	arg1	formation					27:35	Improved epidermal barrier formation	0:35	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan	0:68	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	5	23	contain	possess	677:683	arg1	CC-FTMs					668:674	CC-FTMs	668:674	CC-FTMs	668:674	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	5	23	contain	possess	677:683	arg2	epidermis					702:710	a well-organized epidermis	685:710	a well-organized epidermis	685:710	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	5	23	contain	possess	677:683	arg1	FTMs					662:665	these collagen-chitosan FTMs	638:665	these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs)	638:675	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	8	24	theme	structure	1019:1027	arg1	Evaluation					993:1002	Evaluation	993:1002	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum	993:1104	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	11	25	theme	granular	1555:1562	arg1	layer					1564:1568	a single granular layer	1546:1568	a single granular layer	1546:1568	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	9	26	theme	carbon	1256:1261	arg1	distribution					1276:1287	the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile	1252:1308	distribution	1276:1287	The ceramide composition exhibited a higher resemblance of the NHS, based on the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile.
28333992	0	27	theme	Improved	0:7	arg1	formation					27:35	Improved epidermal barrier formation	0:35	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan	0:68	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	8	28	theme	barrier	1011:1017	arg1	structure					1019:1027	the barrier structure	1007:1027	the barrier structure	1007:1027	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	8	29	theme	corneum	1098:1104	arg1	matrix					1076:1081	the extracellular lipid matrix	1052:1081	the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum	1052:1104	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	3	30	theme	human	380:384	arg1	models					391:396	these human skin models	374:396	these human skin models	374:396	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	3	31	theme	human	344:348	arg1	NHS					356:358	NHS	356:358	NHS	356:358	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	3	31	theme	human	344:348	arg1	skin					350:353	native human skin	337:353	native human skin (NHS)	337:359	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	8	32	theme	elongated	1118:1126	arg1	distance					1135:1142	an elongated repeat distance	1115:1142	an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase	1115:1172	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	7	33	theme	Dermal-epidermal	880:895	arg1	interactions					897:908	Dermal-epidermal interactions	880:908	Dermal-epidermal interactions	880:908	Dermal-epidermal interactions are functional in both FTM types, based on the formation of the basement membrane.
28333992	1	34	theme	Full	97:100	arg1	thickness					102:110	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	4	35	theme	biocompatible	583:595	arg1	chitosan					605:612	the biocompatible polymer chitosan	579:612	the biocompatible polymer chitosan	579:612	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	0	36	theme	barrier	19:25	arg1	formation					27:35	Improved epidermal barrier formation	0:35	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan	0:68	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	3	37	theme	Current	262:268	arg1	properties					288:297	Current epidermal barrier properties	262:297	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs	262:305	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	9	38	theme	ceramide	1179:1186	arg1	composition					1188:1198	The ceramide composition	1175:1198	The ceramide composition	1175:1198	The ceramide composition exhibited a higher resemblance of the NHS, based on the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile.
28333992	7	39	theme	membrane	983:990	arg1	formation					957:965	the formation	953:965	the formation of the basement membrane	953:990	Dermal-epidermal interactions are functional in both FTM types, based on the formation of the basement membrane.
28333992	0	40	theme	human	40:44	arg1	models					51:56	human skin models	40:56	human skin models	40:56	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	4	41	theme	barrier	515:521	arg1	formation					523:531	barrier formation	515:531	barrier formation	515:531	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	9	42	theme	subclass	1293:1300	arg1	profile					1302:1308	the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile	1252:1308	profile	1302:1308	The ceramide composition exhibited a higher resemblance of the NHS, based on the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile.
28333992	7	43	from	types	937:941	arg1	functional					914:923	functional	914:923	functional	914:923	Dermal-epidermal interactions are functional in both FTM types, based on the formation of the basement membrane.
28333992	4	44	theme	NHS	479:481	arg1	resemblance					464:474	the resemblance	460:474	the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation	460:531	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	8	45	theme	periodicity	1156:1166	arg1	phase					1168:1172	the long periodicity phase	1147:1172	the long periodicity phase	1147:1172	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	6	46	theme	cell	815:818	arg1	activation					820:829	the epidermal cell activation	801:829	the epidermal cell activation	801:829	Distinctively, the epidermal cell activation is reduced in CC-FTMs to levels observed in NHS.
28333992	4	47	with	matrix	567:572	arg1	chitosan					605:612	the biocompatible polymer chitosan	579:612	the biocompatible polymer chitosan	579:612	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	4	48	theme	polymer	597:603	arg1	chitosan					605:612	the biocompatible polymer chitosan	579:612	the biocompatible polymer chitosan	579:612	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	5	49	theme	late	744:747	arg1	programs					765:772	both the early and late differentiation programs	725:772	programs	765:772	Herein, we report that these collagen-chitosan FTMs (CC-FTMs) possess a well-organized epidermis and maintain both the early and late differentiation programs as in FTMs.
28333992	8	50	theme	phase	1168:1172	arg1	distance					1135:1142	an elongated repeat distance	1115:1142	an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase	1115:1172	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	6	51	theme	epidermal	805:813	arg1	activation					820:829	the epidermal cell activation	801:829	the epidermal cell activation	801:829	Distinctively, the epidermal cell activation is reduced in CC-FTMs to levels observed in NHS.
28333992	7	52	theme	basement	974:981	arg1	membrane					983:990	the basement membrane	970:990	the basement membrane	970:990	Dermal-epidermal interactions are functional in both FTM types, based on the formation of the basement membrane.
28333992	1	53	theme	human	112:116	arg1	models					123:128	human skin models	112:128	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	1	53	theme	human	112:116	arg1	FTMs					131:134	FTMs	131:134	FTMs	131:134	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	0	54	theme	skin	46:49	arg1	models					51:56	human skin models	40:56	human skin models	40:56	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	4	55	theme	epidermal	487:495	arg1	morphogenesis					497:509	epidermal morphogenesis	487:509	epidermal morphogenesis	487:509	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	9	56	theme	NHS	1238:1240	arg1	resemblance					1219:1229	a higher resemblance	1210:1229	a higher resemblance of the NHS	1210:1240	The ceramide composition exhibited a higher resemblance of the NHS, based on the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile.
28333992	9	57	theme	higher	1212:1217	arg1	resemblance					1219:1229	a higher resemblance	1210:1229	a higher resemblance of the NHS	1210:1240	The ceramide composition exhibited a higher resemblance of the NHS, based on the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile.
28333992	12	58	dep	resembles	1588:1596	arg1	makes					1626:1630	makes	1626:1630	makes them a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies	1626:1690	The novel CC-FTM resembles the NHS more closely, which makes them a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies.
28333992	1	59	theme	skin	118:121	arg1	models					123:128	human skin models	112:128	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	1	59	theme	skin	118:121	arg1	FTMs					131:134	FTMs	131:134	FTMs	131:134	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	11	60	theme	lipid	1469:1473	arg1	enzymes					1486:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	9	61	theme	chain-length	1263:1274	arg1	distribution					1276:1287	the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile	1252:1308	distribution	1276:1287	The ceramide composition exhibited a higher resemblance of the NHS, based on the carbon chain-length distribution and subclass profile.
28333992	3	62	theme	epidermal	270:278	arg1	properties					288:297	Current epidermal barrier properties	262:297	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs	262:305	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	8	63	theme	lipid	1070:1074	arg1	matrix					1076:1081	the extracellular lipid matrix	1052:1081	the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum	1052:1104	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	3	64	theme	related	424:430	arg1	studies					432:438	barrier related studies	416:438	barrier related studies	416:438	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	11	65	theme	processing	1475:1484	arg1	enzymes					1486:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	4	66	theme	dermal	560:565	arg1	matrix					567:572	the collagen dermal matrix	547:572	the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan	547:612	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	3	67	theme	barrier	280:286	arg1	properties					288:297	Current epidermal barrier properties	262:297	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs	262:305	Current epidermal barrier properties of FTMs do not fully resemble that of native human skin (NHS), which makes these human skin models less suitable for barrier related studies.
28333992	8	68	theme	matrix	1076:1081	arg1	organization					1036:1047	the organization	1032:1047	the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum	1032:1104	Evaluation of the barrier structure by the organization of the extracellular lipid matrix of the stratum corneum revealed an elongated repeat distance of the long periodicity phase.
28333992	11	69	theme	epidermal	1451:1459	arg1	enzymes					1486:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	4	70	theme	collagen	551:558	arg1	matrix					567:572	the collagen dermal matrix	547:572	the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan	547:612	To further enhance the resemblance of NHS for epidermal morphogenesis and barrier formation, we modulated the collagen dermal matrix with the biocompatible polymer chitosan.
28333992	6	71	located	observed	863:870	arg2	levels					856:861	levels	856:861	levels observed in NHS	856:877	Distinctively, the epidermal cell activation is reduced in CC-FTMs to levels observed in NHS.
28333992	6	71	located	observed	863:870	arg1	NHS					875:877	NHS	875:877	NHS	875:877	Distinctively, the epidermal cell activation is reduced in CC-FTMs to levels observed in NHS.
28333992	2	72	theme	dermal	220:225	arg1	matrix					227:232	a collagen dermal matrix	209:232	a collagen dermal matrix which harbours fibroblasts	209:259	The latter is composed of a collagen dermal matrix which harbours fibroblasts.
28333992	10	73	theme	barrier	1326:1332	arg1	functionality					1334:1346	The inside-out barrier functionality	1311:1346	The inside-out barrier functionality indicated by the transepidermal water loss	1311:1389	The inside-out barrier functionality indicated by the transepidermal water loss is significantly improved in the CC-FTMs.
28333992	7	74	from	functional	914:923	arg1	types					937:941	both FTM types	928:941	both FTM types	928:941	Dermal-epidermal interactions are functional in both FTM types, based on the formation of the basement membrane.
28333992	11	75	theme	barrier	1461:1467	arg1	enzymes					1486:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes	1451:1492	The expression of epidermal barrier lipid processing enzymes is marginally affected, although more restricted to a single granular layer.
28333992	10	76	theme	water	1380:1384	arg1	loss					1386:1389	the transepidermal water loss	1361:1389	the transepidermal water loss	1361:1389	The inside-out barrier functionality indicated by the transepidermal water loss is significantly improved in the CC-FTMs.
28333992	0	77	from	formation	27:35	arg1	models					51:56	human skin models	40:56	human skin models	40:56	Improved epidermal barrier formation in human skin models by chitosan modulated dermal matrices.
28333992	2	78	theme	collagen	211:218	arg1	matrix					227:232	a collagen dermal matrix	209:232	a collagen dermal matrix which harbours fibroblasts	209:259	The latter is composed of a collagen dermal matrix which harbours fibroblasts.
28333992	10	79	theme	inside-out	1315:1324	arg1	functionality					1334:1346	The inside-out barrier functionality	1311:1346	The inside-out barrier functionality indicated by the transepidermal water loss	1311:1389	The inside-out barrier functionality indicated by the transepidermal water loss is significantly improved in the CC-FTMs.
28333992	1	80	dep	thickness	102:110	arg1	models					123:128	human skin models	112:128	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs)	97:135	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	1	80	dep	thickness	102:110	arg1	FTMs					131:134	FTMs	131:134	FTMs	131:134	Full thickness human skin models (FTMs) contain an epidermal and a dermal equivalent.
28333992	12	81	theme	related	1676:1682	arg1	studies					1684:1690	epidermal barrier related studies	1658:1690	epidermal barrier related studies	1658:1690	The novel CC-FTM resembles the NHS more closely, which makes them a promising tool for epidermal barrier related studies.
27979201	0	0	theme	temperature	54:64	arg1	Effects					39:45	Effects	39:45	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.	0:189	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	4	1	contain	had	751:753	arg1	CMC					747:749	CMC	747:749	CMC	747:749	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	1	contain	had	751:753	arg2	p<0.05					774:779	p<0.05	774:779	p<0.05	774:779	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	1	contain	had	751:753	arg2	effect					766:771	a positive effect	755:771	a positive effect (p<0.05)	755:780	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	0	2	theme	air	50:52	arg1	temperature					54:64	air temperature	50:64	air temperature	50:64	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	2	3	from	effect	292:297	arg1	content					443:449	phenolic content	434:449	phenolic content	434:449	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	3	from	effect	292:297	arg1	capacity					467:474	antioxidant capacity	455:474	antioxidant capacity	455:474	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	4	theme	lecithin	306:313	arg1	effect					292:297	the effect	288:297	the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango	288:483	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	0	5	theme	concentrations	70:83	arg1	Effects					39:45	Effects	39:45	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.	0:189	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	4	6	theme	negative	663:670	arg1	p<0.05					681:686	p<0.05	681:686	p<0.05	681:686	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	6	theme	negative	663:670	arg1	effects					672:678	negative effects	663:678	negative effects (p<0.05)	663:687	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	5	7	theme	antioxidant	882:892	arg1	capacity					894:901	the higher antioxidant capacity	871:901	the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process	871:926	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	5	8	theme	phenolic	814:821	arg1	compounds					823:831	phenolic compounds	814:831	phenolic compounds present in dried mango	814:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	0	9	theme	antioxidant	169:179	arg1	capacity					181:188	antioxidant capacity	169:188	antioxidant capacity	169:188	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	10	theme	compounds	823:831	arg1	amount					804:809	the total amount	794:809	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango	783:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	5	10	theme	compounds	823:831	arg1	compounds					823:831	phenolic compounds	814:831	phenolic compounds present in dried mango	814:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	1	11	theme	Tommy	237:241	arg1	mango					250:254	Tommy Atkins mango	237:254	Tommy Atkins mango	237:254	In this study, foam mat drying was applied to Tommy Atkins mango.
27979201	0	12	theme	soy	88:90	arg1	lecithin					92:99	soy lecithin	88:99	soy lecithin	88:99	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	13	theme	present	833:839	arg1	compounds					823:831	phenolic compounds	814:831	phenolic compounds present in dried mango	814:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	0	14	theme	mat	5:7	arg1	drying					9:14	Foam mat drying	0:14	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.	0:189	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	3	15	theme	functional	601:610	arg1	properties					612:621	their functional properties	595:621	their functional properties	595:621	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	6	16	theme	antioxidant	1084:1094	arg1	capacity					1096:1103	antioxidant capacity	1084:1103	antioxidant capacity	1084:1103	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	17	theme	0.30g/100g	998:1007	arg1	T					964:964	a drying T	955:964	a drying T of 80°C	955:972	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	17	theme	0.30g/100g	998:1007	arg1	concentration					981:993	a concentration	979:993	a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L	979:1020	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	17	theme	0.30g/100g	998:1007	arg1	optimal					1026:1032	optimal	1026:1032	optimal	1026:1032	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	18	from	mango	850:854	arg1	present					833:839	present	833:839	present	833:839	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	2	19	theme	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	arg1	effect					292:297	the effect	288:297	the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango	288:483	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	0	20	theme	Foam	0:3	arg1	drying					9:14	Foam mat drying	0:14	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.	0:189	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	1	21	theme	Atkins	243:248	arg1	mango					250:254	Tommy Atkins mango	237:254	Tommy Atkins mango	237:254	In this study, foam mat drying was applied to Tommy Atkins mango.
27979201	4	22	theme	antioxidant	717:727	arg1	capacity					729:736	antioxidant capacity	717:736	antioxidant capacity	717:736	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	6	23	theme	phenolic	1061:1068	arg1	compounds					1070:1078	phenolic compounds	1061:1078	phenolic compounds	1061:1078	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	24	theme	total	798:802	arg1	amount					804:809	the total amount	794:809	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango	783:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	5	24	theme	total	798:802	arg1	compounds					823:831	phenolic compounds	814:831	phenolic compounds present in dried mango	814:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	2	25	theme	multifactorial	265:278	arg1	design					280:285	a multifactorial design	263:285	a multifactorial design	263:285	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	26	theme	foam	360:363	arg1	0-1.50g/100g					378:389	0-1.50g/100g	378:389	0-1.50g/100g	378:389	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	26	theme	foam	360:363	arg1	stabilizers					365:375	foam stabilizers	360:375	foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g)	360:390	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	0	27	theme	lecithin	92:99	arg1	concentrations					70:83	concentrations	70:83	concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose	70:126	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	27	theme	lecithin	92:99	arg1	temperature					54:64	air temperature	50:64	air temperature	50:64	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	28	theme	L	1020:1020	arg1	0.30g/100g					998:1007	0.30g/100g	998:1007	0.30g/100g of CMC and L	998:1020	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	29	theme	Atkins	25:30	arg1	mango					32:36	Tommy Atkins mango	19:36	Tommy Atkins mango	19:36	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	30	attach	present	833:839	arg2	compounds					823:831	phenolic compounds	814:831	phenolic compounds present in dried mango	814:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	5	30	attach	present	833:839	arg1	mango					850:854	dried mango	844:854	dried mango	844:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	2	31	theme	phenolic	434:441	arg1	content					443:449	phenolic content	434:449	phenolic content	434:449	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	6	32	theme	compounds	1070:1078	arg1	capacity					1096:1103	antioxidant capacity	1084:1103	antioxidant capacity	1084:1103	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	32	theme	compounds	1070:1078	arg1	retention					1048:1056	increased retention	1038:1056	increased retention of phenolic compounds	1038:1078	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	33	theme	Tommy	19:23	arg1	mango					32:36	Tommy Atkins mango	19:36	Tommy Atkins mango	19:36	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	34	theme	carboxymethylcellulose	105:126	arg1	concentrations					70:83	concentrations	70:83	concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose	70:126	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	34	theme	carboxymethylcellulose	105:126	arg1	temperature					54:64	air temperature	50:64	air temperature	50:64	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	3	35	theme	Mango	501:505	arg1	pulp					507:510	Mango pulp	501:510	Mango pulp	501:510	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	4	36	theme	positive	757:764	arg1	effect					766:771	a positive effect	755:771	a positive effect (p<0.05)	755:780	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	36	theme	positive	757:764	arg1	p<0.05					774:779	p<0.05	774:779	p<0.05	774:779	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	37	contain	had	659:661	arg2	p<0.05					681:686	p<0.05	681:686	p<0.05	681:686	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	37	contain	had	659:661	arg1	T					657:657	T	657:657	T	657:657	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	37	contain	had	659:661	arg2	effects					672:678	negative effects	663:678	negative effects (p<0.05)	663:687	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	4	37	contain	had	659:661	arg1	L					651:651	L	651:651	L	651:651	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	2	38	theme	mango	479:483	arg1	content					443:449	phenolic content	434:449	phenolic content	434:449	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	38	theme	mango	479:483	arg1	capacity					467:474	antioxidant capacity	455:474	antioxidant capacity	455:474	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	0	39	from	Effects	39:45	arg1	composition					140:150	phenolic composition	131:150	phenolic composition	131:150	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	39	from	Effects	39:45	arg1	capacity					181:188	antioxidant capacity	169:188	antioxidant capacity	169:188	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	0	39	from	Effects	39:45	arg1	mangiferin					153:162	mangiferin	153:162	mangiferin	153:162	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	4	40	theme	phenolic	696:703	arg1	content					705:711	the phenolic content	692:711	the phenolic content	692:711	Our results indicated that L and T had negative effects (p<0.05) on the phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, whereas CMC had a positive effect (p<0.05).
27979201	2	41	theme	soy	302:304	arg1	CMC					347:349	CMC	347:349	CMC	347:349	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	41	theme	soy	302:304	arg1	L					316:316	L	316:316	L	316:316	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	2	41	theme	soy	302:304	arg1	lecithin					306:313	soy lecithin	302:313	soy lecithin (L)	302:317	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	0	42	theme	mango	32:36	arg1	drying					9:14	Foam mat drying	0:14	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.	0:189	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	3	43	used	utilized	566:573	arg2	antioxidant					521:531	antioxidant	521:531	antioxidant	521:531	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	3	43	used	utilized	566:573	arg2	mangiferin					542:551	mangiferin	542:551	mangiferin	542:551	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	0	44	theme	phenolic	131:138	arg1	composition					140:150	phenolic composition	131:150	phenolic composition	131:150	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	45	theme	increased	1038:1046	arg1	retention					1048:1056	increased retention	1038:1056	increased retention of phenolic compounds	1038:1078	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	46	theme	dried	844:848	arg1	mango					850:854	dried mango	844:854	dried mango	844:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	5	47	theme	higher	875:880	arg1	capacity					894:901	the higher antioxidant capacity	871:901	the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process	871:926	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	6	48	theme	80°C	969:972	arg1	T					964:964	a drying T	955:964	a drying T of 80°C	955:972	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	48	theme	80°C	969:972	arg1	concentration					981:993	a concentration	979:993	a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L	979:1020	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	48	theme	80°C	969:972	arg1	optimal					1026:1032	optimal	1026:1032	optimal	1026:1032	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	3	49	contain	contains	512:519	arg2	antioxidant					521:531	antioxidant	521:531	antioxidant	521:531	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	3	49	contain	contains	512:519	arg1	pulp					507:510	Mango pulp	501:510	Mango pulp	501:510	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	3	49	contain	contains	512:519	arg2	mangiferin					542:551	mangiferin	542:551	mangiferin	542:551	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	2	50	theme	antioxidant	455:465	arg1	capacity					467:474	antioxidant capacity	455:474	antioxidant capacity	455:474	Using a multifactorial design, the effect of soy lecithin (L) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) used as foam stabilizers (0-1.50g/100g), as well as temperature (T) (53-87°C), on phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of mango were evaluated.
27979201	5	51	theme	drying	913:918	arg1	process					920:926	the drying process	909:926	the drying process	909:926	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	0	52	dep	drying	9:14	arg1	Effects					39:45	Effects	39:45	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.	0:189	Foam mat drying of Tommy Atkins mango: Effects of air temperature and concentrations of soy lecithin and carboxymethylcellulose on phenolic composition, mangiferin, and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	5	53	theme	Increasing	783:792	arg1	amount					804:809	the total amount	794:809	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango	783:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	5	53	theme	Increasing	783:792	arg1	compounds					823:831	phenolic compounds	814:831	phenolic compounds present in dried mango	814:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27979201	1	54	theme	foam	206:209	arg1	drying					215:220	foam mat drying	206:220	foam mat drying	206:220	In this study, foam mat drying was applied to Tommy Atkins mango.
27979201	6	55	theme	drying	957:962	arg1	T					964:964	a drying T	955:964	a drying T of 80°C	955:972	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	55	theme	drying	957:962	arg1	optimal					1026:1032	optimal	1026:1032	optimal	1026:1032	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	6	56	theme	CMC	1012:1014	arg1	0.30g/100g					998:1007	0.30g/100g	998:1007	0.30g/100g of CMC and L	998:1020	This study concluded that a drying T of 80°C, and a concentration of 0.30g/100g of CMC and L are optimal for increased retention of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.
27979201	1	57	theme	mat	211:213	arg1	drying					215:220	foam mat drying	206:220	foam mat drying	206:220	In this study, foam mat drying was applied to Tommy Atkins mango.
27979201	3	58	dep	such	534:537	arg1	as					539:540	as	539:540	as	539:540	Mango pulp contains antioxidant, such as mangiferin, that can be utilized in foods to enhance their functional properties.
27979201	5	59	from	present	833:839	arg1	mango					850:854	dried mango	844:854	dried mango	844:854	Increasing the total amount of phenolic compounds present in dried mango contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity after the drying process.
27459801	4	0	theme	containing	791:800	arg1	food					802:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	3	1	theme	consumption	607:617	arg1	higher					648:653	higher	648:653	higher	648:653	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	1	theme	consumption	607:617	arg1	rate					619:622	the consumption rate	603:622	the consumption rate of all ages in 2012	603:642	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	4	2	dep	t	905:905	arg1	P					915:915	P < 0.0001	915:924	P < 0.0001	915:924	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	2	3	theme	Health	312:317	arg1	Surveillance					319:330	Health Surveillance	312:330	Health Surveillance	312:330	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	4	theme	=	720:720	arg1	0.86					722:725	t = 0.86	718:725	t = 0.86	718:725	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	4	5	theme	sugar	785:789	arg1	food					802:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	2	6	from	food	406:409	arg1	years					424:428	these two years	414:428	these two years	414:428	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	6	7	theme	added	1280:1284	arg1	sugar					1286:1290	added sugar	1280:1290	added sugar	1280:1290	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	8	theme	food	1264:1267	arg1	rate					1256:1259	the consumption rate	1240:1259	the consumption rate of food containing added sugar	1240:1290	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	8	theme	food	1264:1267	arg1	increasing					1295:1304	increasing	1295:1304	is increasing generally	1292:1314	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	2	9	dep	Nutrition	246:254	arg1	the					234:236	the	234:236	the	234:236	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	10	theme	past	472:475	arg1	years					481:485	the past ten years	468:485	the past ten years	468:485	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	11	dep	higher	648:653	arg1	-3.75					673:677	-3.75	673:677	-3.75	673:677	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	11	dep	higher	648:653	arg1	0.86					722:725	t = 0.86	718:725	t = 0.86	718:725	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	2	12	contain	containing	395:404	arg2	food					406:409	food	406:409	food in these two years	406:428	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	12	contain	containing	395:404	arg1	sugar					389:393	added sugar	383:393	added sugar containing food in these two years	383:428	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	5	13	dep	products	1026:1033	arg1	%					1039:1039	8.1% and 15.0%	1036:1049	%	1039:1039	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	13	dep	products	1026:1033	arg1	%					1049:1049	8.1% and 15.0%	1036:1049	%	1049:1049	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	2	14	theme	Health	260:265	arg1	Survey					267:272	Health Survey	260:272	Health Survey	260:272	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	5	15	theme	species	947:953	arg1	ratio					967:971	species composition ratio	947:971	species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%)	947:1083	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	2	16	from	Nutrition	298:306	arg1	2010-2012					335:343	2010-2012	335:343	2010-2012	335:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	16	from	Nutrition	298:306	arg1	data					224:227	dietary data	216:227	dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012	216:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	16	from	Nutrition	298:306	arg1	2002					277:280	2002	277:280	2002	277:280	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	4	17	theme	=	907:907	arg1	significant					892:902	significant	892:902	significant	892:902	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	17	theme	=	907:907	arg1	t					905:905	t	905:905	t = 4.16	905:912	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	17	theme	=	907:907	arg1	difference					863:872	the difference	859:872	the difference	859:872	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	18	from	percentage	745:754	arg1	food					802:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	19	theme	calories	765:772	arg1	percentage					745:754	The percentage	741:754	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food	741:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	3	20	theme	ages	631:634	arg1	higher					648:653	higher	648:653	higher	648:653	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	20	theme	ages	631:634	arg1	rate					619:622	the consumption rate	603:622	the consumption rate of all ages in 2012	603:642	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	6	21	dep	low	1176:1178	arg1	increasing					1295:1304	increasing	1295:1304	is increasing generally	1292:1314	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	21	dep	low	1176:1178	arg1	%					1225:1225	10%	1223:1225	10%	1223:1225	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	21	dep	low	1176:1178	arg1	rate					1256:1259	the consumption rate	1240:1259	the consumption rate of food containing added sugar	1240:1290	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	21	dep	low	1176:1178	arg1	low					1176:1178	low	1176:1178	low	1176:1178	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	21	dep	low	1176:1178	arg1	level					1143:1147	The consumption level	1127:1147	The consumption level of added sugar in China	1127:1171	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	21	dep	low	1176:1178	arg1	limits					1215:1220	the recommended limits	1199:1220	the recommended limits (10%) of WHO	1199:1233	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	5	22	theme	composition	955:965	arg1	ratio					967:971	species composition ratio	947:971	species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%)	947:1083	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	2	23	theme	Chinese	238:244	arg1	Nutrition					246:254	Chinese Nutrition	238:254	Chinese Nutrition	238:254	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	24	theme	=	730:730	arg1	P					728:728	P	728:728	P = 0.3991	728:737	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	4	25	theme	total	759:763	arg1	calories					765:772	total calories	759:772	total calories from added sugar containing food	759:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	3	26	dep	male	712:715	arg1	higher					700:705	higher	700:705	higher	700:705	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	26	dep	male	712:715	arg1	than					707:710	than	707:710	than	707:710	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	26	dep	male	712:715	arg1	female					693:698	female	693:698	female	693:698	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	0	27	dep	2002	80:83	arg1	to					85:86	to	85:86	to	85:86	[Consumption status and trend of added sugar containing food among Chinese from 2002 to 2012].
27459801	0	27	dep	2002	80:83	arg1	2012					88:91	2012	88:91	2012	88:91	[Consumption status and trend of added sugar containing food among Chinese from 2002 to 2012].
27459801	3	28	dep	-3.75	673:677	arg1	0.0133					684:689	0.0133	684:689	0.0133	684:689	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	1	29	theme	added	143:147	arg1	sugar					149:153	added sugar	143:153	added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012	143:199	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	3	30	from	rate	619:622	arg1	2012					639:642	2012	639:642	2012	639:642	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	6	31	theme	added	1152:1156	arg1	sugar					1158:1162	added sugar	1152:1162	added sugar	1152:1162	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	1	32	theme	sugar	149:153	arg1	status					123:128	status	123:128	status	123:128	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	1	32	theme	sugar	149:153	arg1	trend					134:138	trend	134:138	trend	134:138	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	0	33	theme	[Consumption	0:11	arg1	status					13:18	[Consumption status	0:18	[Consumption status	0:18	[Consumption status and trend of added sugar containing food among Chinese from 2002 to 2012].
27459801	3	34	dep	%	600:600	arg1	to					593:594	to	593:594	to	593:594	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	5	35	theme	dairy	1020:1024	arg1	products					1026:1033	dairy products	1020:1033	dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%)	1020:1050	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	35	theme	dairy	1020:1024	arg1	beverages					992:1000	sugar-sweetened beverages	976:1000	sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%)	976:1017	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	6	36	theme	recommended	1203:1213	arg1	limits					1215:1220	the recommended limits	1199:1220	the recommended limits (10%) of WHO	1199:1233	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	36	theme	recommended	1203:1213	arg1	%					1225:1225	10%	1223:1225	10%	1223:1225	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	2	37	theme	sugar	389:393	arg1	status					373:378	the consumption status	357:378	the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years	357:428	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	38	from	Surveillance	319:330	arg1	2010-2012					335:343	2010-2012	335:343	2010-2012	335:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	38	from	Surveillance	319:330	arg1	2002					277:280	2002	277:280	2002	277:280	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	39	dep	Nutrition	298:306	arg1	the					286:288	the	286:288	the	286:288	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	40	from	2012	518:521	arg1	RESULTS					497:503	RESULTS	497:503	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food	497:570	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	1	41	theme	food	166:169	arg1	consumption					171:181	food consumption	166:181	food consumption	166:181	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	2	42	theme	added	383:387	arg1	sugar					389:393	added sugar	383:393	added sugar containing food in these two years	383:428	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	1	43	contain	containing	155:164	arg1	sugar					149:153	added sugar	143:153	added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012	143:199	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	1	43	contain	containing	155:164	arg2	consumption					171:181	food consumption	166:181	food consumption	166:181	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	1	44	dep	status	123:128	arg1	the					119:121	the	119:121	the	119:121	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	6	45	dep	CONCLUSION	1116:1125	arg1	low					1176:1178	low	1176:1178	low	1176:1178	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	45	dep	CONCLUSION	1116:1125	arg1	increasing					1295:1304	increasing	1295:1304	is increasing generally	1292:1314	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	45	dep	CONCLUSION	1116:1125	arg1	level					1143:1147	The consumption level	1127:1147	The consumption level of added sugar in China	1127:1171	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	0	46	theme	added	33:37	arg1	sugar					39:43	added sugar	33:43	added sugar	33:43	[Consumption status and trend of added sugar containing food among Chinese from 2002 to 2012].
27459801	6	47	from	level	1143:1147	arg1	China					1167:1171	China	1167:1171	China	1167:1171	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	5	48	from	2012	941:944	arg1	degree					1108:1113	some degree	1103:1113	some degree	1103:1113	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	49	dep	beverages	992:1000	arg1	%					1007:1007	11.7% and 8.5%	1003:1016	%	1007:1007	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	49	dep	beverages	992:1000	arg1	%					1016:1016	11.7% and 8.5%	1003:1016	%	1016:1016	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	6	50	dep	limits	1215:1220	arg1	which					1181:1185	which	1181:1185	which	1181:1185	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	2	51	theme	consumption	361:371	arg1	status					373:378	the consumption status	357:378	the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years	357:428	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	52	theme	containing	556:565	arg1	food					567:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	53	theme	consumption	524:534	arg1	2012					518:521	2012	518:521	2012	518:521	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	53	theme	consumption	524:534	arg1	rate					536:539	consumption rate	524:539	consumption rate	524:539	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	53	theme	consumption	524:534	arg1	food					567:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	54	dep	0.86	722:725	arg1	P					728:728	P	728:728	P = 0.3991	728:737	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	6	55	theme	WHO	1231:1233	arg1	limits					1215:1220	the recommended limits	1199:1220	the recommended limits (10%) of WHO	1199:1233	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	55	theme	WHO	1231:1233	arg1	%					1225:1225	10%	1223:1225	10%	1223:1225	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	56	theme	consumption	1244:1254	arg1	rate					1256:1259	the consumption rate	1240:1259	the consumption rate of food containing added sugar	1240:1290	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	56	theme	consumption	1244:1254	arg1	increasing					1295:1304	increasing	1295:1304	is increasing generally	1292:1314	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	3	57	dep	2012	518:521	arg1	to					515:516	to	515:516	to	515:516	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	1	58	dep	2012	196:199	arg1	to					193:194	to	193:194	to	193:194	OBJECTIVE To understand the status and trend of added sugar containing food consumption from 2002 to 2012.
27459801	4	59	dep	significant	892:902	arg1	significant					892:902	significant	892:902	significant	892:902	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	59	dep	significant	892:902	arg1	t					905:905	t	905:905	t = 4.16	905:912	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	59	dep	significant	892:902	arg1	difference					863:872	the difference	859:872	the difference	859:872	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	60	dep	9.09	844:847	arg1	to					841:842	to	841:842	to	841:842	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	0	61	theme	sugar	39:43	arg1	trend					24:28	trend	24:28	trend	24:28	[Consumption status and trend of added sugar containing food among Chinese from 2002 to 2012].
27459801	0	61	theme	sugar	39:43	arg1	status					13:18	[Consumption status	0:18	[Consumption status	0:18	[Consumption status and trend of added sugar containing food among Chinese from 2002 to 2012].
27459801	3	62	theme	food	567:570	arg1	2012					518:521	2012	518:521	2012	518:521	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	62	theme	food	567:570	arg1	rate					536:539	consumption rate	524:539	consumption rate	524:539	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	62	theme	food	567:570	arg1	food					567:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	2	63	theme	Chinese	290:296	arg1	Nutrition					298:306	Chinese Nutrition	290:306	Chinese Nutrition	290:306	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	6	64	theme	sugar	1158:1162	arg1	low					1176:1178	low	1176:1178	low	1176:1178	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	64	theme	sugar	1158:1162	arg1	increasing					1295:1304	increasing	1295:1304	is increasing generally	1292:1314	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	64	theme	sugar	1158:1162	arg1	level					1143:1147	The consumption level	1127:1147	The consumption level of added sugar in China	1127:1171	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	4	65	from	food	802:805	arg1	percentage					745:754	The percentage	741:754	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food	741:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	4	65	from	food	802:805	arg1	calories					765:772	total calories	759:772	total calories from added sugar containing food	759:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	2	66	from	difference	449:458	arg1	China					490:494	China	490:494	China	490:494	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	67	theme	added	544:548	arg1	food					567:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	3	68	dep	=	730:730	arg1	0.3991					732:737	0.3991	732:737	0.3991	732:737	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	5	69	theme	instants	1053:1060	arg1	food					1062:1065	instants food	1053:1065	instants food (26.6% and 39.0%)	1053:1083	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	69	theme	instants	1053:1060	arg1	beverages					992:1000	sugar-sweetened beverages	976:1000	sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%)	976:1017	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	70	dep	2012	941:944	arg1	to					938:939	to	938:939	to	938:939	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	3	71	theme	sugar	550:554	arg1	food					567:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	added sugar containing food	544:570	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	4	72	theme	<	917:917	arg1	P					915:915	P < 0.0001	915:924	P < 0.0001	915:924	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	5	73	dep	food	1062:1065	arg1	%					1072:1072	26.6% and 39.0%	1068:1082	%	1072:1072	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	73	dep	food	1062:1065	arg1	%					1082:1082	26.6% and 39.0%	1068:1082	%	1082:1082	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	4	74	theme	added	779:783	arg1	food					802:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	added sugar containing food	779:805	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	3	75	theme	%	591:591	arg1	%					600:600	20.4% to 26.9%	587:600	20.4% to 26.9%	587:600	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	2	76	theme	dietary	216:222	arg1	data					224:227	dietary data	216:227	dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012	216:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	3	77	theme	t	718:718	arg1	0.86					722:725	t = 0.86	718:725	t = 0.86	718:725	RESULTS From 2002 to 2012, consumption rate of added sugar containing food increased from 20.4% to 26.9%, the consumption rate of all ages in 2012 was higher than in 2002 (t = -3.75, P = 0.0133), female higher than male (t = 0.86, P = 0.3991).
27459801	6	78	contain	containing	1269:1278	arg2	sugar					1286:1290	added sugar	1280:1290	added sugar	1280:1290	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	78	contain	containing	1269:1278	arg1	food					1264:1267	food	1264:1267	food containing added sugar	1264:1290	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	2	79	from	Nutrition	246:254	arg1	2010-2012					335:343	2010-2012	335:343	2010-2012	335:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	79	from	Nutrition	246:254	arg1	data					224:227	dietary data	216:227	dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012	216:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	79	from	Nutrition	246:254	arg1	2002					277:280	2002	277:280	2002	277:280	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	5	80	theme	sugar-sweetened	976:990	arg1	food					1062:1065	instants food	1053:1065	instants food (26.6% and 39.0%)	1053:1083	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	80	theme	sugar-sweetened	976:990	arg1	products					1026:1033	dairy products	1020:1033	dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%)	1020:1050	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	5	80	theme	sugar-sweetened	976:990	arg1	beverages					992:1000	sugar-sweetened beverages	976:1000	sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%)	976:1017	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
27459801	6	81	theme	consumption	1131:1141	arg1	low					1176:1178	low	1176:1178	low	1176:1178	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	81	theme	consumption	1131:1141	arg1	increasing					1295:1304	increasing	1295:1304	is increasing generally	1292:1314	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	6	81	theme	consumption	1131:1141	arg1	level					1143:1147	The consumption level	1127:1147	The consumption level of added sugar in China	1127:1171	CONCLUSION The consumption level of added sugar in China is low, which still under the recommended limits (10%) of WHO, but the consumption rate of food containing added sugar is increasing generally.
27459801	4	82	dep	=	907:907	arg1	4.16					909:912	4.16	909:912	4.16	909:912	The percentage of total calories from added sugar containing food was decreasing from 9.48% in 2002 to 9.09% in 2012, the difference was statistically significant (t = 4.16, P < 0.0001).
27459801	2	83	from	Survey	267:272	arg1	2010-2012					335:343	2010-2012	335:343	2010-2012	335:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	83	from	Survey	267:272	arg1	data					224:227	dietary data	216:227	dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012	216:343	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	2	83	from	Survey	267:272	arg1	2002					277:280	2002	277:280	2002	277:280	METHODS Using dietary data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, to analyze the consumption status of added sugar containing food in these two years and to compare the difference between the past ten years in China.
27459801	5	84	theme	beverages	992:1000	arg1	ratio					967:971	species composition ratio	947:971	species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%)	947:1083	From 2002 to 2012, species composition ratio of sugar-sweetened beverages (11.7% and 8.5%), dairy products (8.1% and 15.0%), instants food (26.6% and 39.0%) was increasing in some degree.
28174086	0	0	theme	computed	78:85	arg1	tomography					87:96	X-ray computed tomography	72:96	X-ray computed tomography	72:96	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography.
28174086	7	1	theme	same	1052:1055	arg1	concentrations					1057:1070	the same concentrations	1048:1070	the same concentrations	1048:1070	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	3	2	theme	cross-linking	428:440	arg1	agent					442:446	cross-linking agent	428:446	cross-linking agent	428:446	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	0	3	theme	X-ray	72:76	arg1	tomography					87:96	X-ray computed tomography	72:96	X-ray computed tomography	72:96	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography.
28174086	3	4	from	effect	363:368	arg1	size					483:486	hydrodynamic size	470:486	hydrodynamic size	470:486	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	3	4	from	effect	363:368	arg1	potential					497:505	zeta potential	492:505	zeta potential	492:505	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	2	5	theme	discharge	323:331	arg1	method					339:344	the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method	304:344	the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water	304:356	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	2	6	theme	tungsten	266:273	arg1	NPs					284:286	tungsten trioxide NPs	266:286	tungsten trioxide NPs	266:286	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	6	7	theme	significant	816:826	arg1	cytotoxicity					828:839	no significant cytotoxicity	813:839	no significant cytotoxicity	813:839	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity at concentration up to 5mg/mL after 24h.
28174086	7	8	theme	trioxide	950:957	arg1	NPs					959:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	3	9	theme	hydrodynamic	470:481	arg1	size					483:486	hydrodynamic size	470:486	hydrodynamic size	470:486	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	7	10	theme	contrasting	1027:1037	arg1	agent					1039:1043	the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent	990:1043	the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations	990:1070	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	1	11	theme	heavy	170:174	arg1	elements					176:183	heavy elements	170:183	heavy elements	170:183	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	2	12	theme	DI	349:350	arg1	water					352:356	DI water	349:356	DI water	349:356	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	5	13	theme	particle	705:712	arg1	size					714:717	the final particle size	695:717	the final particle size	695:717	Meanwhile, by increasing the volume of glutaraldehyde (GTA), the final particle size increases whereas the zeta potential deceases.
28174086	7	14	theme	available	1007:1015	arg1	agent					1039:1043	the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent	990:1043	the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations	990:1070	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	3	15	theme	zeta	492:495	arg1	potential					497:505	zeta potential	492:505	zeta potential	492:505	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	3	16	theme	chitosan	373:380	arg1	effect					363:368	The effect	359:368	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	359:539	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	0	17	theme	trioxide	25:32	arg1	nanoparticles					34:46	tungsten trioxide nanoparticles	16:46	tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography	16:96	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography.
28174086	1	18	theme	Recent	99:104	arg1	advances					106:113	Recent advances	99:113	Recent advances	99:113	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	0	19	theme	tungsten	16:23	arg1	trioxide					25:32	tungsten trioxide	16:32	tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography	16:96	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography.
28174086	6	20	theme	tungsten	782:789	arg1	trioxide					791:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide	766:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide	766:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity at concentration up to 5mg/mL after 24h.
28174086	2	21	theme	trioxide	275:282	arg1	NPs					284:286	tungsten trioxide NPs	266:286	tungsten trioxide NPs	266:286	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	5	22	theme	zeta	741:744	arg1	potential					746:754	the zeta potential	737:754	the zeta potential	737:754	Meanwhile, by increasing the volume of glutaraldehyde (GTA), the final particle size increases whereas the zeta potential deceases.
28174086	7	23	dep	available	1007:1015	arg1	iodinated					1017:1025	iodinated	1017:1025	iodinated	1017:1025	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	4	24	theme	CTS	629:631	arg1	amounts					618:624	the amounts	614:624	the amounts of CTS	614:631	It is found that zeta potential increases by increasing the amounts of CTS.
28174086	4	24	theme	CTS	629:631	arg1	CTS					629:631	CTS	629:631	CTS	629:631	It is found that zeta potential increases by increasing the amounts of CTS.
28174086	6	25	theme	coated	775:780	arg1	trioxide					791:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide	766:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide	766:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity at concentration up to 5mg/mL after 24h.
28174086	3	26	theme	tungsten	519:526	arg1	NPs					537:539	prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	510:539	prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	510:539	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	6	27	theme	Chitosan	766:773	arg1	trioxide					791:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide	766:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide	766:798	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity at concentration up to 5mg/mL after 24h.
28174086	3	28	theme	trioxide	528:535	arg1	NPs					537:539	prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	510:539	prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	510:539	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	7	29	theme	tungsten	941:948	arg1	NPs					959:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	3	30	theme	glutaraldehyde	392:405	arg1	effect					363:368	The effect	359:368	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	359:539	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	0	31	theme	contrast	53:60	arg1	agent					62:66	a contrast agent	51:66	a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography	51:96	Chitosan coated tungsten trioxide nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography.
28174086	2	32	from	method	339:344	arg1	water					352:356	DI water	349:356	DI water	349:356	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	2	33	theme	arc	319:321	arg1	EAD					334:336	EAD	334:336	EAD	334:336	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	2	33	theme	arc	319:321	arg1	discharge					323:331	electrical arc discharge	308:331	the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water	304:356	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	5	34	theme	final	699:703	arg1	size					714:717	the final particle size	695:717	the final particle size	695:717	Meanwhile, by increasing the volume of glutaraldehyde (GTA), the final particle size increases whereas the zeta potential deceases.
28174086	3	35	theme	prepared	510:517	arg1	NPs					537:539	prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	510:539	prepared tungsten trioxide NPs	510:539	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	7	36	theme	chitosan	925:932	arg1	NPs					959:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	2	37	theme	electrical	308:317	arg1	EAD					334:336	EAD	334:336	EAD	334:336	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	2	37	theme	electrical	308:317	arg1	discharge					323:331	electrical arc discharge	308:331	the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water	304:356	In this contribution, tungsten trioxide NPs are prepared by the electrical arc discharge (EAD) method in DI water.
28174086	7	38	from	concentrations	1057:1070	arg1	agent					1039:1043	the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent	990:1043	the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations	990:1070	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	7	39	theme	NPs	959:961	arg1	higher					967:972	higher	967:972	higher	967:972	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	7	39	theme	NPs	959:961	arg1	attenuation					901:911	the X-ray attenuation	891:911	the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	891:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	7	40	theme	coated	934:939	arg1	NPs					959:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	1	41	theme	X-ray	212:216	arg1	tomography					227:236	X-ray computed tomography	212:236	X-ray computed tomography (CT)	212:241	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	1	41	theme	X-ray	212:216	arg1	CT					239:240	CT	239:240	CT	239:240	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	1	42	theme	inorganic	131:139	arg1	NPs					156:158	NPs	156:158	NPs	156:158	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	1	42	theme	inorganic	131:139	arg1	nanoparticles					141:153	inorganic nanoparticles	131:153	inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements	131:183	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	1	43	theme	computed	218:225	arg1	tomography					227:236	X-ray computed tomography	212:236	X-ray computed tomography (CT)	212:241	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	1	43	theme	computed	218:225	arg1	CT					239:240	CT	239:240	CT	239:240	Recent advances have shown that inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) based on heavy elements are highly appropriate for X-ray computed tomography (CT).
28174086	3	44	theme	NPs	537:539	arg1	size					483:486	hydrodynamic size	470:486	hydrodynamic size	470:486	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	3	44	theme	NPs	537:539	arg1	potential					497:505	zeta potential	492:505	zeta potential	492:505	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	7	45	theme	prepared	916:923	arg1	NPs					959:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	916:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	3	46	dep	size	483:486	arg1	the					466:468	the	466:468	the	466:468	The effect of chitosan (CTS) and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as coating and cross-linking agent, respectively, on the hydrodynamic size and zeta potential of prepared tungsten trioxide NPs is investigated.
28174086	4	47	theme	zeta	575:578	arg1	potential					580:588	zeta potential	575:588	zeta potential	575:588	It is found that zeta potential increases by increasing the amounts of CTS.
28174086	5	48	theme	glutaraldehyde	673:686	arg1	volume					663:668	the volume	659:668	the volume of glutaraldehyde (GTA)	659:692	Meanwhile, by increasing the volume of glutaraldehyde (GTA), the final particle size increases whereas the zeta potential deceases.
28174086	7	49	theme	X-ray	895:899	arg1	higher					967:972	higher	967:972	higher	967:972	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
28174086	7	49	theme	X-ray	895:899	arg1	attenuation					901:911	the X-ray attenuation	891:911	the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs	891:961	Finally, the X-ray attenuation of prepared chitosan coated tungsten trioxide NPs are higher than Iohexol as the commercially available iodinated contrasting agent at the same concentrations.
26423132	10	0	from	difference	1508:1517	arg1	analysis					1604:1611	the mixed model analysis	1588:1611	the mixed model analysis	1588:1611	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	1	theme	596	1695:1697	arg1	mg					1699:1700	mg	1699:1700	mg	1699:1700	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	2	theme	least	1550:1554	arg1	squares					1556:1562	least squares	1550:1562	lowest least squares means for categories	1543:1583	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	8	3	theme	6-533	1134:1138	arg1	-1					1157:1158	-1	1157:1158	-1	1157:1158	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	3	theme	6-533	1134:1138	arg1	g					1155:1155	6-533 (mean = 94) mg g	1134:1155	6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch	1134:1170	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	6	4	theme	total	939:943	arg1	NSC					945:947	total NSC	939:947	total NSC	939:947	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	6	4	theme	total	939:943	arg1	sugars					909:914	soluble sugars	901:914	soluble sugars	901:914	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	11	5	dep	so	1828:1829	arg1	less					1823:1826	less	1823:1826	less	1823:1826	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	5	6	theme	NSC	703:705	arg1	content					707:713	NSC content	703:713	NSC content	703:713	These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five woody plant tissues, which varied in NSC content and chemical composition, to 29 laboratories.
26423132	6	7	theme	recent	849:854	arg1	publications					856:867	recent publications	849:867	recent publications	849:867	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	15	8	from	interested	2410:2419	arg1	estimates					2428:2436	NSC estimates	2424:2436	NSC estimates	2424:2436	Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods.
26423132	5	9	theme	plant	672:676	arg1	tissues					678:684	five woody plant tissues	661:684	five woody plant tissues	661:684	These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five woody plant tissues, which varied in NSC content and chemical composition, to 29 laboratories.
26423132	2	10	theme	different	287:295	arg1	methods					297:303	many different methods	282:303	many different methods	282:303	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	14	11	theme	comparable	2156:2165	arg1	estimates					2171:2179	comparable NSC estimates	2156:2179	comparable NSC estimates	2156:2179	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	8	12	theme	53-649	1176:1181	arg1	g					1199:1199	53-649 (mean = 153) mg g	1176:1199	53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC	1176:1217	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	12	theme	53-649	1176:1181	arg1	-1					1201:1202	-1	1201:1202	-1	1201:1202	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	11	13	theme	=	1805:1805	arg1	r					1803:1803	r = 0.41-0.91	1803:1815	r = 0.41-0.91	1803:1815	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	11	13	theme	=	1805:1805	arg1	starch					1795:1800	starch	1795:1800	starch (r = 0.41-0.91)	1795:1816	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	1	14	theme	environmental	195:207	arg1	conditions					209:218	environmental conditions	195:218	environmental conditions	195:218	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions.
26423132	8	15	theme	mg	1152:1153	arg1	-1					1157:1158	-1	1157:1158	-1	1157:1158	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	15	theme	mg	1152:1153	arg1	g					1155:1155	6-533 (mean = 94) mg g	1134:1155	6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch	1134:1170	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	10	16	theme	model	1598:1602	arg1	analysis					1604:1611	the mixed model analysis	1588:1611	the mixed model analysis	1588:1611	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	11	17	from	consistent	1738:1747	arg1	ranks					1758:1762	their ranks	1752:1762	their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83)	1752:1894	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	2	18	theme	NSC	258:260	arg1	estimates					245:253	Laboratories publishing estimates	221:253	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants	221:276	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	14	19	theme	samples	2306:2312	arg1	portion					2295:2301	a portion	2293:2301	a portion of samples using the reference method	2293:2339	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	8	20	theme	mg	1196:1197	arg1	g					1199:1199	53-649 (mean = 153) mg g	1176:1199	53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC	1176:1217	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	20	theme	mg	1196:1197	arg1	-1					1201:1202	-1	1201:1202	-1	1201:1202	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	10	21	theme	mg	1620:1621	arg1	-1					1625:1626	-1	1625:1626	-1	1625:1626	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	21	theme	mg	1620:1621	arg1	difference					1508:1517	the difference	1504:1517	the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis	1504:1611	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	21	theme	mg	1620:1621	arg1	g					1623:1623	33 mg g	1617:1623	33 mg g(-1) for total NSC	1617:1641	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	22	dep	lowest	1543:1548	arg1	means					1564:1568	least squares means	1550:1568	lowest least squares means for categories	1543:1583	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	3	23	from	estimates	343:351	arg1	literature					367:376	the recent literature	356:376	the recent literature	356:376	We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies.
26423132	10	24	theme	total	1633:1637	arg1	NSC					1639:1641	total NSC	1633:1641	total NSC	1633:1641	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	2	25	theme	woody	265:269	arg1	plants					271:276	woody plants	265:276	woody plants	265:276	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	9	26	theme	category	1398:1405	arg1	2					1409:1409	2	1409:1409	2	1409:1409	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	26	theme	category	1398:1405	arg1	R					1407:1407	method category R	1391:1407	method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars	1391:1441	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	4	27	theme	quantification	518:531	arg1	methods					533:539	the extraction and quantification methods	499:539	the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations	499:589	We also asked whether any differences among laboratories were related to the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations.
26423132	8	28	theme	total	1209:1213	arg1	NSC					1215:1217	total NSC	1209:1217	total NSC	1209:1217	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	1	29	theme	Non-structural	74:87	arg1	carbohydrates					89:101	Non-structural carbohydrates	74:101	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue	74:123	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions.
26423132	1	29	theme	Non-structural	74:87	arg1	NSC					104:106	NSC	104:106	NSC	104:106	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions.
26423132	15	30	from	estimates	2428:2436	arg1	interested					2410:2419	interested	2410:2419	interested	2410:2419	Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods.
26423132	12	31	theme	plant	1943:1947	arg1	tissues					1949:1955	woody plant tissues	1937:1955	woody plant tissues	1937:1955	Our results show that NSC estimates for woody plant tissues cannot be compared among laboratories.
26423132	4	32	theme	extraction	503:512	arg1	methods					533:539	the extraction and quantification methods	499:539	the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations	499:589	We also asked whether any differences among laboratories were related to the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations.
26423132	9	33	dep	R	1407:1407	arg1	0.10-0.33					1444:1452	0.10-0.33	1444:1452	0.10-0.33	1444:1452	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	33	dep	R	1407:1407	arg1	0.01-0.09					1469:1477	0.01-0.09	1469:1477	0.01-0.09	1469:1477	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	0	34	theme	Non-structural	0:13	arg1	carbohydrates					15:27	Non-structural carbohydrates	0:27	Non-structural carbohydrates in woody plants	0:43	Non-structural carbohydrates in woody plants compared among laboratories.
26423132	9	35	theme	soluble	1428:1434	arg1	sugars					1436:1441	soluble sugars	1428:1441	soluble sugars	1428:1441	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	12	36	theme	NSC	1919:1921	arg1	estimates					1923:1931	NSC estimates	1919:1931	NSC estimates for woody plant tissues	1919:1955	Our results show that NSC estimates for woody plant tissues cannot be compared among laboratories.
26423132	9	37	theme	Mixed	1220:1224	arg1	analysis					1232:1239	Mixed model analysis	1220:1239	Mixed model analysis of variance	1220:1251	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	1	38	theme	plant	112:116	arg1	tissue					118:123	plant tissue	112:123	plant tissue	112:123	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions.
26423132	6	39	theme	sugars	909:914	arg1	concentrations					883:896	concentrations	883:896	concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC	883:947	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	9	40	dep	unrelated	1312:1320	arg1	2					1409:1409	2	1409:1409	2	1409:1409	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	40	dep	unrelated	1312:1320	arg1	R					1407:1407	method category R	1391:1407	method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars	1391:1441	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	41	theme	variance	1244:1251	arg1	analysis					1232:1239	Mixed model analysis	1220:1239	Mixed model analysis of variance	1220:1251	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	8	42	theme	mg	1105:1106	arg1	g					1108:1108	23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1)	1083:1112	23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars	1083:1131	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	14	43	theme	reference	2378:2386	arg1	material					2388:2395	a standard reference material	2367:2395	a standard reference material	2367:2395	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	10	44	theme	laboratory	1671:1680	arg1	estimates					1682:1690	laboratory estimates	1671:1690	laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1)	1671:1706	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	13	45	from	changes	2009:2015	arg1	NSC					2020:2022	NSC	2020:2022	NSC	2020:2022	The relative changes in NSC between treatments measured within a laboratory may be comparable within and between laboratories, especially for starch.
26423132	7	46	theme	Laboratory	950:959	arg1	estimates					961:969	Laboratory estimates	950:969	Laboratory estimates	950:969	Laboratory estimates differed substantially for all samples.
26423132	6	47	with	samples	790:796	arg1	protocols					829:837	their laboratory-specific protocols	803:837	their laboratory-specific protocols	803:837	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	10	48	theme	mg	1699:1700	arg1	-1					1704:1705	-1	1704:1705	-1	1704:1705	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	48	theme	mg	1699:1700	arg1	g					1702:1702	596 mg g	1695:1702	596 mg g(-1)	1695:1706	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	10	49	theme	squares	1556:1562	arg1	means					1564:1568	least squares means	1550:1568	lowest least squares means for categories	1543:1583	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	9	50	theme	variability	1277:1287	arg1	much					1265:1268	much	1265:1268	much	1265:1268	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	8	51	theme	soluble	1118:1124	arg1	sugars					1126:1131	soluble sugars	1118:1131	soluble sugars	1118:1131	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	11	52	theme	=	1848:1848	arg1	r					1846:1846	r = 0.45-0.84	1846:1858	r = 0.45-0.84	1846:1858	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	11	52	theme	=	1848:1848	arg1	NSC					1841:1843	total NSC	1835:1843	total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84)	1835:1859	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	6	53	theme	soluble	901:907	arg1	sum					934:936	their sum	928:936	their sum	928:936	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	6	53	theme	soluble	901:907	arg1	sugars					909:914	soluble sugars	901:914	soluble sugars	901:914	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	6	53	theme	soluble	901:907	arg1	NSC					945:947	total NSC	939:947	total NSC	939:947	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	6	53	theme	soluble	901:907	arg1	starch					917:922	starch	917:922	starch	917:922	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	15	54	theme	standard	2472:2479	arg1	methods					2481:2487	standard methods	2472:2487	standard methods	2472:2487	Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods.
26423132	10	55	theme	mixed	1592:1596	arg1	analysis					1604:1611	the mixed model analysis	1588:1611	the mixed model analysis	1588:1611	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	5	56	theme	woody	666:670	arg1	tissues					678:684	five woody plant tissues	661:684	five woody plant tissues	661:684	These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five woody plant tissues, which varied in NSC content and chemical composition, to 29 laboratories.
26423132	11	57	theme	estimates	1767:1775	arg1	ranks					1758:1762	their ranks	1752:1762	their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83)	1752:1894	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	1	58	theme	plant	176:180	arg1	responses					182:190	plant responses	176:190	plant responses to environmental conditions	176:218	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions.
26423132	14	59	theme	NSC	2167:2169	arg1	estimates					2171:2179	comparable NSC estimates	2156:2179	comparable NSC estimates	2156:2179	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	11	60	theme	soluble	1865:1871	arg1	r					1881:1881	r = 0.11-0.83	1881:1893	r = 0.11-0.83	1881:1893	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	11	60	theme	soluble	1865:1871	arg1	sugars					1873:1878	soluble sugars	1865:1878	soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83)	1865:1894	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	11	61	from	ranks	1758:1762	arg1	consistent					1738:1747	consistent	1738:1747	consistent	1738:1747	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	8	62	theme	=	1146:1146	arg1	6-533					1134:1138	6-533	1134:1138	6-533	1134:1138	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	62	theme	=	1146:1146	arg1	mean					1141:1144	mean = 94	1141:1149	mean = 94	1141:1149	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	2	63	theme	publishing	234:243	arg1	estimates					245:253	Laboratories publishing estimates	221:253	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants	221:276	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	6	64	theme	laboratory-specific	809:827	arg1	protocols					829:837	their laboratory-specific protocols	803:837	their laboratory-specific protocols	803:837	Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC.
26423132	13	65	theme	relative	2000:2007	arg1	changes					2009:2015	The relative changes	1996:2015	The relative changes in NSC between treatments measured within a laboratory	1996:2070	The relative changes in NSC between treatments measured within a laboratory may be comparable within and between laboratories, especially for starch.
26423132	13	65	theme	relative	2000:2007	arg1	comparable					2079:2088	comparable	2079:2088	comparable	2079:2088	The relative changes in NSC between treatments measured within a laboratory may be comparable within and between laboratories, especially for starch.
26423132	14	66	theme	reference	2324:2332	arg1	method					2334:2339	the reference method	2320:2339	the reference method	2320:2339	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	8	67	theme	=	1189:1189	arg1	mean					1184:1187	mean = 153	1184:1193	mean = 153	1184:1193	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	67	theme	=	1189:1189	arg1	53-649					1176:1181	53-649	1176:1181	53-649	1176:1181	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	11	68	theme	total	1835:1839	arg1	r					1846:1846	r = 0.45-0.84	1846:1858	r = 0.45-0.84	1846:1858	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	11	68	theme	total	1835:1839	arg1	NSC					1841:1843	total NSC	1835:1843	total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84)	1835:1859	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	2	69	theme	Laboratories	221:232	arg1	estimates					245:253	Laboratories publishing estimates	221:253	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants	221:276	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	5	70	theme	chemical	719:726	arg1	composition					728:738	chemical composition	719:738	chemical composition	719:738	These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five woody plant tissues, which varied in NSC content and chemical composition, to 29 laboratories.
26423132	2	71	theme	many	282:285	arg1	methods					297:303	many different methods	282:303	many different methods	282:303	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	2	72	theme	plants	271:276	arg1	NSC					258:260	NSC	258:260	NSC of woody plants	258:276	Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC.
26423132	9	73	theme	method	1391:1396	arg1	2					1409:1409	2	1409:1409	2	1409:1409	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	73	theme	method	1391:1396	arg1	R					1407:1407	method category R	1391:1407	method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars	1391:1441	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	3	74	theme	NSC	339:341	arg1	estimates					343:351	NSC estimates	339:351	NSC estimates in the recent literature	339:376	We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies.
26423132	0	75	from	carbohydrates	15:27	arg1	plants					38:43	woody plants	32:43	woody plants	32:43	Non-structural carbohydrates in woody plants compared among laboratories.
26423132	3	76	theme	recent	360:365	arg1	literature					367:376	the recent literature	356:376	the recent literature	356:376	We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies.
26423132	12	77	theme	woody	1937:1941	arg1	tissues					1949:1955	woody plant tissues	1937:1955	woody plant tissues	1937:1955	Our results show that NSC estimates for woody plant tissues cannot be compared among laboratories.
26423132	8	78	dep	globulus	1049:1056	arg1	leaves					1058:1063	leaves	1058:1063	leaves	1058:1063	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	11	79	theme	=	1883:1883	arg1	r					1881:1881	r = 0.11-0.83	1881:1893	r = 0.11-0.83	1881:1893	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	11	79	theme	=	1883:1883	arg1	sugars					1873:1878	soluble sugars	1865:1878	soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83)	1865:1894	Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83).
26423132	0	80	theme	woody	32:36	arg1	plants					38:43	woody plants	32:43	woody plants	32:43	Non-structural carbohydrates in woody plants compared among laboratories.
26423132	8	81	theme	=	1099:1099	arg1	mean					1094:1097	mean = 56	1094:1102	mean = 56	1094:1102	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	15	82	theme	interested	2410:2419	arg1	Researchers					2398:2408	Researchers	2398:2408	Researchers interested in NSC estimates	2398:2436	Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods.
26423132	9	83	theme	model	1226:1230	arg1	analysis					1232:1239	Mixed model analysis	1220:1239	Mixed model analysis of variance	1220:1251	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	84	dep	categories	1329:1338	arg1	we					1340:1341	we	1340:1341	we	1340:1341	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	15	85	theme	NSC	2424:2426	arg1	estimates					2428:2436	NSC estimates	2424:2436	NSC estimates	2424:2436	Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods.
26423132	14	86	theme	reference	2225:2233	arg1	method					2235:2240	the reference method	2221:2240	the reference method given in this publication	2221:2266	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	4	87	theme	sugar	570:574	arg1	concentrations					576:589	sugar concentrations	570:589	sugar concentrations	570:589	We also asked whether any differences among laboratories were related to the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations.
26423132	10	88	theme	estimates	1682:1690	arg1	range					1662:1666	the range	1658:1666	the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1)	1658:1706	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	14	89	theme	standard	2369:2376	arg1	material					2388:2395	a standard reference material	2367:2395	a standard reference material	2367:2395	To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material.
26423132	9	90	dep	extraction	1352:1361	arg1	methods					1382:1388	methods	1382:1388	methods	1382:1388	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	9	91	theme	total	1483:1487	arg1	NSC					1489:1491	total NSC	1483:1491	total NSC	1483:1491	Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC).
26423132	8	92	dep	116	1089:1091	arg1	to					1086:1087	to	1086:1087	to	1086:1087	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	8	92	dep	116	1089:1091	arg1	mean					1094:1097	mean = 56	1094:1102	mean = 56	1094:1102	For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC.
26423132	10	93	theme	g	1702:1702	arg1	estimates					1682:1690	laboratory estimates	1671:1690	laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1)	1671:1706	For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1).
26423132	1	94	from	carbohydrates	89:101	arg1	tissue					118:123	plant tissue	112:123	plant tissue	112:123	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions.
24672334	7	0	dep	hydrolysis	1055:1064	arg1	h					1071:1071	4 h	1069:1071	4 h	1069:1071	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	2	1	theme	experiment	364:373	arg1	designs					375:381	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs	326:381	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs	326:381	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	4	2	from	°C	675:676	arg1	temperature					649:659	operational temperature	637:659	operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C	637:676	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	4	2	from	°C	675:676	arg1	pH					614:615	the pH	610:615	the pH from 4.5 to 5.5	610:631	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	1	3	theme	gel	255:257	arg1	beads					259:263	the gel beads	251:263	the gel beads	251:263	β-Galactosidase (β-gal) was immobilized by covalent binding on novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde.
24672334	0	4	theme	surface	86:92	arg1	methodology					94:104	response surface methodology	77:104	response surface methodology	77:104	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.
24672334	7	5	theme	free	991:994	arg1	enzyme					996:1001	the free enzyme	987:1001	the free enzyme	987:1001	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	2	6	theme	composite	354:362	arg1	experiment					364:373	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment	326:373	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs	326:381	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	7	7	theme	relative	1046:1053	arg1	hydrolysis					1055:1064	100% relative hydrolysis	1041:1064	100% relative hydrolysis	1041:1064	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	6	8	theme	·	833:833	arg1	-1					839:840	-1	839:840	-1	839:840	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	6	8	theme	·	833:833	arg1	min					835:837	131.2 μ mol · min	821:837	131.2 μ mol · min(-1)	821:841	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	8	9	theme	κ-carrageenan	1124:1136	arg1	beads					1138:1142	the κ-carrageenan beads	1120:1142	the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase	1120:1171	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	4	10	theme	Immobilization	577:590	arg1	process					592:598	Immobilization process	577:598	Immobilization process	577:598	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	5	11	theme	apparent	711:718	arg1	m					722:722	m	722:722	m	722:722	The apparent K(m) after immobilization was 61.6 mM compared to 22.9 mM for free enzyme.
24672334	5	11	theme	apparent	711:718	arg1	K					720:720	The apparent K	707:720	The apparent K(m) after immobilization	707:744	The apparent K(m) after immobilization was 61.6 mM compared to 22.9 mM for free enzyme.
24672334	5	11	theme	apparent	711:718	arg1	mM					755:756	61.6 mM	750:756	61.6 mM	750:756	The apparent K(m) after immobilization was 61.6 mM compared to 22.9 mM for free enzyme.
24672334	6	12	theme	mol	829:831	arg1	-1					839:840	-1	839:840	-1	839:840	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	6	12	theme	mol	829:831	arg1	min					835:837	131.2 μ mol · min	821:837	131.2 μ mol · min(-1)	821:841	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	5	13	theme	free	782:785	arg1	enzyme					787:792	free enzyme	782:792	free enzyme	782:792	The apparent K(m) after immobilization was 61.6 mM compared to 22.9 mM for free enzyme.
24672334	4	14	dep	55	672:673	arg1	to					669:670	to	669:670	to	669:670	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	8	15	theme	reusability	1078:1088	arg1	test					1090:1093	The reusability test	1074:1093	The reusability test	1074:1093	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	7	16	theme	%	1044:1044	arg1	hydrolysis					1055:1064	100% relative hydrolysis	1041:1064	100% relative hydrolysis	1041:1064	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	6	17	theme	μ	827:827	arg1	-1					839:840	-1	839:840	-1	839:840	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	6	17	theme	μ	827:827	arg1	min					835:837	131.2 μ mol · min	821:837	131.2 μ mol · min(-1)	821:841	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	3	18	theme	enzyme	534:539	arg1	units					525:529	40 units	522:529	40 units of enzyme	522:539	11.443 U of enzyme/g gel beads was achieved by soaking 40 units of enzyme with the gel beads for eight hours.
24672334	4	19	theme	operational	637:647	arg1	temperature					649:659	operational temperature	637:659	operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C	637:676	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	8	20	theme	%	1207:1207	arg1	retention					1192:1200	retention	1192:1200	retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity	1192:1242	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	1	21	theme	novel	191:195	arg1	beads					215:219	novel κ-carrageenan gel beads	191:219	novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method	191:248	β-Galactosidase (β-gal) was immobilized by covalent binding on novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde.
24672334	0	22	theme	Optimal	0:6	arg1	immobilization					8:21	Optimal immobilization	0:21	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.	0:126	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.
24672334	4	23	theme	free	694:697	arg1	enzyme					699:704	the free enzyme	690:704	the free enzyme	690:704	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	1	24	theme	κ-carrageenan	197:209	arg1	beads					215:219	novel κ-carrageenan gel beads	191:219	novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method	191:248	β-Galactosidase (β-gal) was immobilized by covalent binding on novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde.
24672334	0	25	theme	β-galactosidase	26:40	arg1	immobilization					8:21	Optimal immobilization	0:21	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.	0:126	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.
24672334	7	26	theme	immobilized	942:952	arg1	active					969:974	active	969:974	active	969:974	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	7	26	theme	immobilized	942:952	arg1	form					961:964	the immobilized enzyme form	938:964	the immobilized enzyme form	938:964	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	3	27	theme	gel	550:552	arg1	beads					554:558	the gel beads	546:558	the gel beads for eight hours	546:574	11.443 U of enzyme/g gel beads was achieved by soaking 40 units of enzyme with the gel beads for eight hours.
24672334	4	28	from	5.5	629:631	arg1	temperature					649:659	operational temperature	637:659	operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C	637:676	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	4	28	from	5.5	629:631	arg1	pH					614:615	the pH	610:615	the pH from 4.5 to 5.5	610:631	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	2	29	theme	maximum	432:438	arg1	efficiency					455:464	the maximum enzyme loading efficiency	428:464	the maximum enzyme loading efficiency	428:464	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	2	30	theme	enzyme	440:445	arg1	efficiency					455:464	the maximum enzyme loading efficiency	428:464	the maximum enzyme loading efficiency	428:464	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	6	31	theme	mol	864:866	arg1	-1					874:875	-1	874:875	-1	874:875	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	6	31	theme	mol	864:866	arg1	min					870:872	177.1 μ mol · min	856:872	177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme	856:892	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	7	32	theme	enzyme	954:959	arg1	active					969:974	active	969:974	active	969:974	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	7	32	theme	enzyme	954:959	arg1	form					961:964	the immobilized enzyme form	938:964	the immobilized enzyme form	938:964	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	8	33	theme	immobilized	1216:1226	arg1	activity					1235:1242	the immobilized enzyme activity	1212:1242	the immobilized enzyme activity	1212:1242	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	1	34	theme	covalent	171:178	arg1	binding					180:186	covalent binding	171:186	covalent binding	171:186	β-Galactosidase (β-gal) was immobilized by covalent binding on novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde.
24672334	3	35	theme	enzyme/g	479:486	arg1	beads					492:496	enzyme/g gel beads	479:496	enzyme/g gel beads	479:496	11.443 U of enzyme/g gel beads was achieved by soaking 40 units of enzyme with the gel beads for eight hours.
24672334	0	36	theme	κ-carrageenan	47:59	arg1	beads					65:69	κ-carrageenan gel beads	47:69	κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications	47:125	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.
24672334	6	37	theme	μ	862:862	arg1	-1					874:875	-1	874:875	-1	874:875	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	6	37	theme	μ	862:862	arg1	min					870:872	177.1 μ mol · min	856:872	177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme	856:892	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	8	38	theme	enzyme	1228:1233	arg1	activity					1235:1242	the immobilized enzyme activity	1212:1242	the immobilized enzyme activity	1212:1242	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	6	39	theme	velocity	803:810	arg1	Vmax					812:815	Maximum velocity Vmax	795:815	Maximum velocity Vmax	795:815	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	2	40	theme	loading	447:453	arg1	efficiency					455:464	the maximum enzyme loading efficiency	428:464	the maximum enzyme loading efficiency	428:464	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	8	41	theme	beads	1138:1142	arg1	durability					1106:1115	the durability	1102:1115	the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles	1102:1185	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	6	42	theme	Maximum	795:801	arg1	Vmax					812:815	Maximum velocity Vmax	795:815	Maximum velocity Vmax	795:815	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24672334	2	43	theme	central	346:352	arg1	experiment					364:373	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment	326:373	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs	326:381	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	0	44	theme	gel	61:63	arg1	beads					65:69	κ-carrageenan gel beads	47:69	κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications	47:125	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.
24672334	8	45	theme	activity	1235:1242	arg1	activity					1235:1242	the immobilized enzyme activity	1212:1242	the immobilized enzyme activity	1212:1242	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	8	45	theme	activity	1235:1242	arg1	%					1207:1207	60%	1205:1207	60% of the immobilized enzyme activity	1205:1242	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	2	46	theme	full-factorial	331:344	arg1	experiment					364:373	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment	326:373	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs	326:381	2(2) full-factorial central composite experiment designs were employed to optimize the conditions for the maximum enzyme loading efficiency.
24672334	8	47	dep	industrial	1270:1279	arg1	uses					1281:1284	uses	1281:1284	uses	1281:1284	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	7	48	theme	full	899:902	arg1	experiment					915:924	The full conversion experiment	895:924	The full conversion experiment	895:924	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	4	49	dep	5.5	629:631	arg1	to					626:627	to	626:627	to	626:627	Immobilization process increased the pH from 4.5 to 5.5 and operational temperature from 50 to 55 °C compared to the free enzyme.
24672334	3	50	theme	gel	488:490	arg1	beads					492:496	enzyme/g gel beads	479:496	enzyme/g gel beads	479:496	11.443 U of enzyme/g gel beads was achieved by soaking 40 units of enzyme with the gel beads for eight hours.
24672334	1	51	theme	two-step	234:241	arg1	method					243:248	two-step method	234:248	two-step method	234:248	β-Galactosidase (β-gal) was immobilized by covalent binding on novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde.
24672334	7	52	theme	conversion	904:913	arg1	experiment					915:924	The full conversion experiment	895:924	The full conversion experiment	895:924	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	3	53	theme	beads	492:496	arg1	U					474:474	11.443 U	467:474	11.443 U of enzyme/g gel beads	467:496	11.443 U of enzyme/g gel beads was achieved by soaking 40 units of enzyme with the gel beads for eight hours.
24672334	0	54	theme	response	77:84	arg1	methodology					94:104	response surface methodology	77:104	response surface methodology	77:104	Optimal immobilization of β-galactosidase onto κ-carrageenan gel beads using response surface methodology and its applications.
24672334	1	55	theme	gel	211:213	arg1	beads					215:219	novel κ-carrageenan gel beads	191:219	novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method	191:248	β-Galactosidase (β-gal) was immobilized by covalent binding on novel κ-carrageenan gel beads activated by two-step method; the gel beads were soaked in polyethyleneimine followed by glutaraldehyde.
24672334	7	56	theme	100	1041:1043	arg1	%					1044:1044	%	1044:1044	%	1044:1044	The full conversion experiment showed that the immobilized enzyme form is active as that of the free enzyme as both of them reached their maximum 100% relative hydrolysis at 4 h.
24672334	8	57	theme	β	1156:1156	arg1	-galactosidase					1158:1171	β -galactosidase	1156:1171	β -galactosidase	1156:1171	The reusability test proved the durability of the κ-carrageenan beads loaded with β -galactosidase for 20 cycles with retention of 60% of the immobilized enzyme activity to be more convenient for industrial uses.
24672334	6	58	theme	free	882:885	arg1	enzyme					887:892	free enzyme	882:892	free enzyme	882:892	Maximum velocity Vmax was 131.2 μ mol · min(-1) while it was 177.1 μ mol · min(-1) for free enzyme.
24562979	6	0	theme	yield	957:961	arg1	results					937:943	the optimum results	925:943	the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day)	925:1026	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	1	theme	productivity	993:1004	arg1	results					937:943	the optimum results	925:943	the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day)	925:1026	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	9	2	theme	by-products	1640:1650	arg1	sum					1628:1630	the sum	1624:1630	the sum of both by-products	1624:1650	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	6	3	theme	variables	860:868	arg1	influence					841:849	The influence	837:849	The influence of three variables	837:868	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	9	4	theme	ethanol	1508:1514	arg1	profile					1497:1503	The profile	1493:1503	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids	1493:1541	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	5	5	dep	whey	783:786	arg1	permeate					788:795	permeate	788:795	permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source	788:834	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	8	6	theme	Gompertz	1375:1382	arg1	equation					1384:1391	the modified Gompertz equation	1362:1391	the modified Gompertz equation	1362:1391	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	7	7	theme	H2	1242:1243	arg1	yield					1245:1249	H2 yield	1242:1249	H2 yield	1242:1249	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	8	theme	yield	1245:1249	arg1	concentration					1304:1316	concentration	1304:1316	concentration	1304:1316	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	8	theme	yield	1245:1249	arg1	pH					1296:1297	pH	1296:1297	pH	1296:1297	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	8	theme	yield	1245:1249	arg1	productivity					1255:1266	productivity	1255:1266	productivity	1255:1266	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	8	theme	yield	1245:1249	arg1	profile					1231:1237	the profile	1227:1237	the profile of H2 yield	1227:1249	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	8	theme	yield	1245:1249	arg1	concentrations					1280:1293	metabolite concentrations	1269:1293	metabolite concentrations	1269:1293	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	3	9	theme	pH	374:375	arg1	effect					356:361	the effect	352:361	the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation	352:485	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	7	10	theme	fermentation	1183:1194	arg1	parameters					1169:1178	the kinetic parameters	1157:1178	the kinetic parameters of fermentation	1157:1194	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	2	11	theme	dark	292:295	arg1	fermentation					297:308	dark fermentation	292:308	dark fermentation	292:308	Therefore, research has been developed in order to explore biological H2 production by dark fermentation.
24562979	5	12	theme	local	699:703	arg1	company					711:717	a local dairy company	697:717	a local dairy company	697:717	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	3	13	from	effect	356:361	arg1	production					440:449	the production	436:449	the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation	436:485	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	5	14	theme	microbial	632:640	arg1	consortium					642:651	A microbial consortium	630:651	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company	630:717	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	9	15	theme	main	1593:1596	arg1	metabolites					1598:1608	the main metabolites	1589:1608	the main metabolites produced	1589:1617	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	15	theme	main	1593:1596	arg1	acid					1562:1565	lactic acid	1555:1565	lactic acid	1555:1565	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	15	theme	main	1593:1596	arg1	acid					1579:1582	butyric acid	1571:1582	butyric acid	1571:1582	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	5	16	theme	dairy	705:709	arg1	company					711:717	a local dairy company	697:717	a local dairy company	697:717	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	9	17	theme	organic	1529:1535	arg1	acids					1537:1541	volatile organic acids	1520:1541	volatile organic acids	1520:1541	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	4	18	theme	standard	590:597	arg1	temperature					604:614	standard room temperature	590:614	standard room temperature	590:614	The process was carried out in batch mode under anaerobic conditions, in the absence of light, and at standard room temperature and pressure.
24562979	2	19	theme	H2	275:276	arg1	production					278:287	biological H2 production	264:287	biological H2 production	264:287	Therefore, research has been developed in order to explore biological H2 production by dark fermentation.
24562979	5	20	theme	carbon	822:827	arg1	20 g/L					798:803	20 g/L	798:803	(20 g/L of lactose)	797:815	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	5	20	theme	carbon	822:827	arg1	source					829:834	a carbon source	820:834	a carbon source	820:834	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	1	21	theme	fossil	172:177	arg1	fuel					179:182	fossil fuel	172:182	fossil fuel with limited source	172:202	Nowadays, hydrogen produced globally has been synthesized from fossil fuel with limited source.
24562979	5	22	theme	company	711:717	arg1	plant					688:692	the effluent treatment plant	665:692	the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company	665:717	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	7	23	theme	dissolved	1321:1329	arg1	iron					1331:1334	dissolved iron	1321:1334	dissolved iron	1321:1334	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	5	24	theme	synthetic	741:749	arg1	medium					751:756	a synthetic medium	739:756	a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source	739:834	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	2	25	theme	biological	264:273	arg1	production					278:287	biological H2 production	264:287	biological H2 production	264:287	Therefore, research has been developed in order to explore biological H2 production by dark fermentation.
24562979	3	26	theme	initial	366:372	arg1	pH					374:375	initial pH	366:375	initial pH	366:375	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	7	27	theme	iron	1331:1334	arg1	concentration					1304:1316	concentration	1304:1316	concentration	1304:1316	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	27	theme	iron	1331:1334	arg1	pH					1296:1297	pH	1296:1297	pH	1296:1297	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	27	theme	iron	1331:1334	arg1	productivity					1255:1266	productivity	1255:1266	productivity	1255:1266	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	27	theme	iron	1331:1334	arg1	profile					1231:1237	the profile	1227:1237	the profile of H2 yield	1227:1249	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	27	theme	iron	1331:1334	arg1	concentrations					1280:1293	metabolite concentrations	1269:1293	metabolite concentrations	1269:1293	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	7	28	theme	kinetic	1161:1167	arg1	parameters					1169:1178	the kinetic parameters	1157:1178	the kinetic parameters of fermentation	1157:1194	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	3	29	theme	ammonium	401:408	arg1	sulfate					410:416	ammonium sulfate	401:416	ammonium sulfate	401:416	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	0	30	theme	Biohydrogen	0:10	arg1	production					12:21	Biohydrogen production	0:21	Biohydrogen production through dark fermentation by a microbial consortium using whey	0:84	Biohydrogen production through dark fermentation by a microbial consortium using whey permeate as substrate.
24562979	4	31	theme	anaerobic	536:544	arg1	conditions					546:555	anaerobic conditions	536:555	anaerobic conditions	536:555	The process was carried out in batch mode under anaerobic conditions, in the absence of light, and at standard room temperature and pressure.
24562979	8	32	from	whey	1463:1466	arg1	production					1440:1449	the fermentative hydrogen production	1414:1449	the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98)	1414:1490	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	3	33	theme	sulfate	410:416	arg1	concentrations					418:431	ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations	381:431	ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations	381:431	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	0	34	theme	dark	31:34	arg1	fermentation					36:47	dark fermentation	31:47	dark fermentation	31:47	Biohydrogen production through dark fermentation by a microbial consortium using whey permeate as substrate.
24562979	8	35	theme	hydrogen	1431:1438	arg1	production					1440:1449	the fermentative hydrogen production	1414:1449	the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98)	1414:1490	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	5	36	theme	effluent	669:676	arg1	plant					688:692	the effluent treatment plant	665:692	the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company	665:717	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	6	37	theme	initial	1045:1051	arg1	pH					1053:1054	initial pH 7.0	1045:1058	initial pH 7.0	1045:1058	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	4	38	theme	room	599:602	arg1	temperature					604:614	standard room temperature	590:614	standard room temperature	590:614	The process was carried out in batch mode under anaerobic conditions, in the absence of light, and at standard room temperature and pressure.
24562979	8	39	theme	cheese	1456:1461	arg1	whey					1463:1466	cheese whey permeate	1456:1475	cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98)	1456:1490	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	8	39	theme	cheese	1456:1461	arg1	R					1478:1478	R (2) = 0.98	1478:1489	R (2) = 0.98	1478:1489	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	5	40	theme	treatment	678:686	arg1	plant					688:692	the effluent treatment plant	665:692	the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company	665:717	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	1	41	theme	Nowadays	109:116	arg1	hydrogen					119:126	Nowadays, hydrogen	109:126	hydrogen	119:126	Nowadays, hydrogen produced globally has been synthesized from fossil fuel with limited source.
24562979	3	42	theme	biohydrogen	454:464	arg1	production					440:449	the production	436:449	the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation	436:485	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	3	43	theme	sulfate	389:395	arg1	concentrations					418:431	ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations	381:431	ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations	381:431	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	6	44	theme	hydrogen	948:955	arg1	yield					957:961	hydrogen yield	948:961	hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose)	948:987	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	44	theme	hydrogen	948:955	arg1	lactose					980:986	4.13 mol H2/mol lactose	964:986	4.13 mol H2/mol lactose	964:986	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	45	theme	1.5 g/L	1110:1116	arg1	pH					1053:1054	initial pH 7.0	1045:1058	initial pH 7.0	1045:1058	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	45	theme	1.5 g/L	1110:1116	arg1	concentrations					1084:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	1	46	theme	limited	189:195	arg1	source					197:202	limited source	189:202	limited source	189:202	Nowadays, hydrogen produced globally has been synthesized from fossil fuel with limited source.
24562979	5	47	theme	lactose	808:814	arg1	20 g/L					798:803	20 g/L	798:803	(20 g/L of lactose)	797:815	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	5	47	theme	lactose	808:814	arg1	source					829:834	a carbon source	820:834	a carbon source	820:834	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
24562979	3	48	theme	concentrations	418:431	arg1	effect					356:361	the effect	352:361	the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation	352:485	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	6	49	theme	composite	896:904	arg1	design					906:911	a central composite design 2	886:913	a central composite design 2((3))	886:918	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	9	50	theme	butyric	1571:1577	arg1	metabolites					1598:1608	the main metabolites	1589:1608	the main metabolites produced	1589:1617	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	50	theme	butyric	1571:1577	arg1	acid					1562:1565	lactic acid	1555:1565	lactic acid	1555:1565	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	50	theme	butyric	1571:1577	arg1	acid					1579:1582	butyric acid	1571:1582	butyric acid	1571:1582	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	6	51	theme	H2/mol	973:978	arg1	yield					957:961	hydrogen yield	948:961	hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose)	948:987	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	51	theme	H2/mol	973:978	arg1	lactose					980:986	4.13 mol H2/mol lactose	964:986	4.13 mol H2/mol lactose	964:986	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	0	52	theme	microbial	54:62	arg1	consortium					64:73	a microbial consortium	52:73	a microbial consortium using whey	52:84	Biohydrogen production through dark fermentation by a microbial consortium using whey permeate as substrate.
24562979	6	53	theme	central	888:894	arg1	design					906:911	a central composite design 2	886:913	a central composite design 2((3))	886:918	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	8	54	dep	whey	1463:1466	arg1	permeate					1468:1475	permeate	1468:1475	permeate	1468:1475	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	6	55	theme	0.6	1102:1104	arg1	pH					1053:1054	initial pH 7.0	1045:1058	initial pH 7.0	1045:1058	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	55	theme	0.6	1102:1104	arg1	concentrations					1084:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	8	56	theme	fermentative	1418:1429	arg1	production					1440:1449	the fermentative hydrogen production	1414:1449	the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98)	1414:1490	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	3	57	theme	ferrous	381:387	arg1	sulfate					389:395	ferrous sulfate	381:395	ferrous sulfate	381:395	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	9	58	theme	lactic	1555:1560	arg1	metabolites					1598:1608	the main metabolites	1589:1608	the main metabolites produced	1589:1617	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	58	theme	lactic	1555:1560	arg1	acid					1562:1565	lactic acid	1555:1565	lactic acid	1555:1565	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	58	theme	lactic	1555:1560	arg1	acid					1579:1582	butyric acid	1571:1582	butyric acid	1571:1582	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	8	59	theme	kinetic	1344:1350	arg1	analysis					1352:1359	the kinetic analysis	1340:1359	the kinetic analysis	1340:1359	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	9	60	theme	acids	1537:1541	arg1	profile					1497:1503	The profile	1493:1503	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids	1493:1541	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	61	theme	volatile	1520:1527	arg1	acids					1537:1541	volatile organic acids	1520:1541	volatile organic acids	1520:1541	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	62	theme	total	1686:1690	arg1	metabolites					1692:1702	the total metabolites	1682:1702	the total metabolites	1682:1702	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	4	63	theme	batch	519:523	arg1	mode					525:528	batch mode	519:528	batch mode	519:528	The process was carried out in batch mode under anaerobic conditions, in the absence of light, and at standard room temperature and pressure.
24562979	6	64	dep	design	906:911	arg1	3					916:916	3	916:916	3	916:916	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	65	theme	optimum	929:935	arg1	results					937:943	the optimum results	925:943	the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day)	925:1026	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	7	66	theme	metabolite	1269:1278	arg1	concentrations					1280:1293	metabolite concentrations	1269:1293	metabolite concentrations	1269:1293	Under these conditions, the kinetic parameters of fermentation were investigated by analyzing the profile of H2 yield and productivity, metabolite concentrations, pH, and concentration of dissolved iron.
24562979	1	67	with	fuel	179:182	arg1	source					197:202	limited source	189:202	limited source	189:202	Nowadays, hydrogen produced globally has been synthesized from fossil fuel with limited source.
24562979	6	68	theme	4.13 mol	964:971	arg1	yield					957:961	hydrogen yield	948:961	hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose)	948:987	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	68	theme	4.13 mol	964:971	arg1	lactose					980:986	4.13 mol H2/mol lactose	964:986	4.13 mol H2/mol lactose	964:986	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	3	69	theme	dark	469:472	arg1	fermentation					474:485	dark fermentation	469:485	dark fermentation	469:485	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	4	70	theme	light	576:580	arg1	absence					565:571	the absence	561:571	the absence of light	561:580	The process was carried out in batch mode under anaerobic conditions, in the absence of light, and at standard room temperature and pressure.
24562979	9	71	theme	metabolites	1692:1702	arg1	%					1677:1677	about 58 %	1668:1677	about 58 % of the total metabolites	1668:1702	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	9	71	theme	metabolites	1692:1702	arg1	metabolites					1692:1702	the total metabolites	1682:1702	the total metabolites	1682:1702	The profile of ethanol and volatile organic acids showed that lactic acid and butyric acid were the main metabolites produced, and the sum of both by-products corresponded to about 58 % of the total metabolites.
24562979	6	72	theme	86.31 mmol	1007:1016	arg1	productivity					993:1004	productivity	993:1004	productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day)	993:1026	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	72	theme	86.31 mmol	1007:1016	arg1	H2/L/day					1018:1025	86.31 mmol H2/L/day	1007:1025	86.31 mmol H2/L/day	1007:1025	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	6	73	theme	FeSO4	1064:1068	arg1	concentrations					1084:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	3	74	theme	work	331:334	arg1	purpose					315:321	The purpose	311:321	The purpose of this work	311:334	The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of initial pH and ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate concentrations on the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation.
24562979	8	75	theme	modified	1366:1373	arg1	equation					1384:1391	the modified Gompertz equation	1362:1391	the modified Gompertz equation	1362:1391	In the kinetic analysis, the modified Gompertz equation described adequately the fermentative hydrogen production from cheese whey permeate (R (2) = 0.98).
24562979	6	76	theme	NH4	1075:1077	arg1	concentrations					1084:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations	1064:1097	The influence of three variables was analyzed by a central composite design 2((3)), and the optimum results of hydrogen yield (4.13 mol H2/mol lactose) and productivity (86.31 mmol H2/L/day) were achieved at initial pH 7.0 and FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 concentrations of 0.6 and 1.5 g/L, respectively.
24562979	5	77	theme	cheese	776:781	arg1	whey					783:786	cheese whey	776:786	cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source	776:834	A microbial consortium provided by the effluent treatment plant of a local dairy company was inoculated into a synthetic medium supplemented with cheese whey permeate (20 g/L of lactose) as a carbon source.
25645853	0	0	theme	promising	115:123	arg1	barrier					135:141	a promising efficient barrier	113:141	a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	113:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	0	theme	promising	115:123	arg1	hydrogel					71:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel	0:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1	0:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	5	1	theme	wt	1156:1157	arg1	HPMC					1148:1151	HPMC	1148:1151	HPMC (1 wt%)	1148:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	5	1	theme	wt	1156:1157	arg1	%					1158:1158	1 wt%	1154:1158	1 wt%	1154:1158	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	4	2	theme	[wt	996:998	arg1	%					999:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	4	3	theme	weight	989:994	arg1	%					999:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	4	4	with	comparison	884:893	arg1	hydrogel					966:973	cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	900:973	hydrogel	966:973	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	4	4	with	comparison	884:893	arg1	mucus					934:938	cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	900:973	mucus	934:938	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	2	5	theme	ethylene	610:617	arg1	oxide					619:623	ethylene oxide	610:623	ethylene oxide	610:623	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	4	6	theme	%	984:984	arg1	%					999:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	2	7	theme	Multiple	340:347	arg1	tracking					358:365	Multiple particle tracking	340:365	Multiple particle tracking	340:365	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	4	8	theme	particle	827:834	arg1	mobility					836:843	particle mobility	827:843	particle mobility	827:843	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	1	9	theme	virus	309:313	arg1	spreading					315:323	virus spreading	309:323	virus spreading	309:323	To be efficient, vaginal microbicide hydrogels should form a barrier against viral infections and prevent virus spreading through mucus.
25645853	0	10	theme	efficient	125:133	arg1	barrier					135:141	a promising efficient barrier	113:141	a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	113:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	10	theme	efficient	125:133	arg1	hydrogel					71:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel	0:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1	0:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	7	11	theme	wt	1427:1428	arg1	%					1429:1429	20/1 wt%	1422:1429	20/1 wt%	1422:1429	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	2	12	theme	mucoadhesive	663:674	arg1	HPMC					706:709	HPMC	706:709	HPMC	706:709	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	12	theme	mucoadhesive	663:674	arg1	hydroxypropylmethylcellulose					676:703	mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose	663:703	mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	663:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	7	13	dep	F127-HPMC	1411:1419	arg1	%					1429:1429	20/1 wt%	1422:1429	20/1 wt%	1422:1429	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	0	14	theme	HIV	151:153	arg1	diffusion					155:163	HIV diffusion	151:163	HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	151:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	4	15	theme	hydroxyethylcellulose	944:964	arg1	hydrogel					966:973	cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	900:973	hydrogel	966:973	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	0	16	contain	containing	80:89	arg2	M48U1					104:108	the mini-CD4 M48U1	91:108	the mini-CD4 M48U1	91:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	16	contain	containing	80:89	arg1	hydrogel					71:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel	0:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1	0:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	16	contain	containing	80:89	arg1	barrier					135:141	a promising efficient barrier	113:141	a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	113:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	4	17	theme	Pluronic	862:869	arg1	hydrogels					871:879	Pluronic hydrogels	862:879	Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls	862:1027	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	4	17	theme	Pluronic	862:869	arg1	HEC					976:978	HEC	976:978	HEC	976:978	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	1	18	theme	vaginal	220:226	arg1	hydrogels					240:248	vaginal microbicide hydrogels	220:248	vaginal microbicide hydrogels	220:248	To be efficient, vaginal microbicide hydrogels should form a barrier against viral infections and prevent virus spreading through mucus.
25645853	4	19	dep	HEC	976:978	arg1	%					999:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	5	20	theme	HPMC	1148:1151	arg1	mixture					1110:1116	a mixture	1108:1116	a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%)	1108:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	5	21	theme	mini-CD4	1057:1064	arg1	M48U1					1066:1070	the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1	1045:1070	the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%)	1045:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	2	22	theme	particles	459:467	arg1	mobility					392:399	the mobility	388:399	the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS)	388:477	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	23	theme	amphiphilic	522:532	arg1	copolymers					543:552	amphiphilic triblock copolymers	522:552	amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	522:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	5	24	with	comparison	1203:1212	arg1	hydrogel					1223:1230	HEC hydrogel	1219:1230	HEC hydrogel	1219:1230	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	7	25	from	barrier	1481:1487	arg1	comparison					1519:1528	comparison	1519:1528	comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels	1519:1558	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	4	26	theme	by	986:987	arg1	%					999:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	1.5% by weight [wt%	981:999	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	2	27	theme	polystyrene	447:457	arg1	particles					459:467	170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles	404:467	170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS)	404:477	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	27	theme	polystyrene	447:457	arg1	COOH-PS					470:476	COOH-PS	470:476	COOH-PS	470:476	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	0	28	theme	Thermosensitive	0:14	arg1	barrier					135:141	a promising efficient barrier	113:141	a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	113:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	28	theme	Thermosensitive	0:14	arg1	hydrogel					71:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel	0:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1	0:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	5	29	theme	anti-HIV-1	1180:1189	arg1	activity					1191:1198	its anti-HIV-1 activity	1176:1198	its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel	1176:1230	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	5	30	from	activity	1191:1198	arg1	comparison					1203:1212	comparison	1203:1212	comparison with HEC hydrogel	1203:1230	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	1	31	theme	microbicide	228:238	arg1	hydrogels					240:248	vaginal microbicide hydrogels	220:248	vaginal microbicide hydrogels	220:248	To be efficient, vaginal microbicide hydrogels should form a barrier against viral infections and prevent virus spreading through mucus.
25645853	0	32	theme	pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose	33:69	arg1	barrier					135:141	a promising efficient barrier	113:141	a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	113:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	32	theme	pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose	33:69	arg1	hydrogel					71:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel	0:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1	0:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	3	33	used	used	726:729	arg2	COOH-PS					713:719	COOH-PS	713:719	COOH-PS	713:719	COOH-PS were used to mimic the size and the surface charge of HIV-1.
25645853	7	34	theme	present	1362:1368	arg1	work					1370:1373	The present work	1358:1373	The present work	1358:1373	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	5	35	theme	anti-HIV-1	1083:1092	arg1	molecule					1094:1101	an anti-HIV-1 molecule	1080:1101	an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%)	1080:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	2	36	theme	thermosensitive	484:498	arg1	hydrogels					500:508	thermosensitive hydrogels	484:508	thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	484:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	0	37	theme	mucoadhesive	20:31	arg1	barrier					135:141	a promising efficient barrier	113:141	a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus	113:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	0	37	theme	mucoadhesive	20:31	arg1	hydrogel					71:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel	0:78	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1	0:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	5	38	theme	peptide	1049:1055	arg1	M48U1					1066:1070	the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1	1045:1070	the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%)	1045:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	2	39	theme	particle	349:356	arg1	tracking					358:365	Multiple particle tracking	340:365	Multiple particle tracking	340:365	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	40	theme	block	559:563	arg1	compositions					565:576	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide)	559:650	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	559:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	0	41	theme	cervicovaginal	181:194	arg1	mucus					196:200	macaque cervicovaginal mucus	173:200	macaque cervicovaginal mucus	173:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	4	42	theme	macaque	911:917	arg1	mucus					934:938	cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	900:973	mucus	934:938	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	2	43	contain	containing	652:661	arg1	compositions					565:576	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide)	559:650	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	559:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	43	contain	containing	652:661	arg2	HPMC					706:709	HPMC	706:709	HPMC	706:709	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	43	contain	containing	652:661	arg2	hydroxypropylmethylcellulose					676:703	mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose	663:703	mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	663:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	4	44	from	hydrogels	871:879	arg1	comparison					884:893	comparison	884:893	comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	884:973	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	7	45	used	used	1453:1456	arg2	hydrogels					1389:1397	hydrogels	1389:1397	hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively)	1389:1444	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	0	46	theme	macaque	173:179	arg1	mucus					196:200	macaque cervicovaginal mucus	173:200	macaque cervicovaginal mucus	173:200	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	5	47	theme	HEC	1219:1221	arg1	hydrogel					1223:1230	HEC hydrogel	1219:1230	HEC hydrogel	1219:1230	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	4	48	theme	cynomolgus	900:909	arg1	mucus					934:938	cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	900:973	mucus	934:938	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	0	49	theme	mini-CD4	95:102	arg1	M48U1					104:108	the mini-CD4 M48U1	91:108	the mini-CD4 M48U1	91:108	Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive pluronic-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose hydrogel containing the mini-CD4 M48U1 is a promising efficient barrier against HIV diffusion through macaque cervicovaginal mucus.
25645853	2	50	theme	COOH-modified	433:445	arg1	particles					459:467	170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles	404:467	170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS)	404:477	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	50	theme	COOH-modified	433:445	arg1	COOH-PS					470:476	COOH-PS	470:476	COOH-PS	470:476	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	51	dep	EOn-POm-EOn	578:588	arg1	refers					600:605	refers	600:605	refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide	600:649	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	7	52	theme	efficient	1471:1479	arg1	barrier					1481:1487	an efficient barrier	1468:1487	an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels	1468:1558	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	6	53	theme	50	1237:1238	arg1	%					1239:1239	%	1239:1239	%	1239:1239	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	2	54	theme	triblock	534:541	arg1	copolymers					543:552	amphiphilic triblock copolymers	522:552	amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	522:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	55	dep	compositions	565:576	arg1	EOn-POm-EOn					578:588	EOn-POm-EOn	578:588	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	559:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	4	56	theme	cervicovaginal	919:932	arg1	mucus					934:938	cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel	900:973	mucus	934:938	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	5	57	theme	wt	1139:1140	arg1	F127					1130:1133	Pluronic F127	1121:1133	Pluronic F127 (20 wt%)	1121:1142	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	5	57	theme	wt	1139:1140	arg1	%					1141:1141	20 wt%	1136:1141	20 wt%	1136:1141	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	3	58	theme	surface	757:763	arg1	charge					765:770	the surface charge	753:770	the surface charge of HIV-1	753:779	COOH-PS were used to mimic the size and the surface charge of HIV-1.
25645853	5	59	theme	M48U1	1066:1070	arg1	Formulation					1030:1040	Formulation	1030:1040	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%)	1030:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	6	60	theme	%	1239:1239	arg1	IC50					1267:1270	IC50	1267:1270	IC50	1267:1270	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	6	60	theme	%	1239:1239	arg1	concentration					1252:1264	The 50% inhibitory concentration	1233:1264	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50)	1233:1271	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	6	60	theme	%	1239:1239	arg1	μg/ml					1282:1286	0.53 μg/ml	1277:1286	0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC	1277:1355	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	4	61	theme	trajectories	802:813	arg1	Analysis					782:789	Analysis	782:789	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories	782:813	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	7	62	theme	HEC	1546:1548	arg1	hydrogels					1550:1558	conventional HEC hydrogels	1533:1558	conventional HEC hydrogels	1533:1558	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	2	63	theme	propylene	635:643	arg1	oxide					645:649	propylene oxide	635:649	propylene oxide	635:649	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	5	64	theme	Pluronic	1121:1128	arg1	F127					1130:1133	Pluronic F127	1121:1133	Pluronic F127 (20 wt%)	1121:1142	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	5	64	theme	Pluronic	1121:1128	arg1	%					1141:1141	20 wt%	1136:1141	20 wt%	1136:1141	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	6	65	theme	inhibitory	1241:1250	arg1	IC50					1267:1270	IC50	1267:1270	IC50	1267:1270	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	6	65	theme	inhibitory	1241:1250	arg1	concentration					1252:1264	The 50% inhibitory concentration	1233:1264	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50)	1233:1271	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	6	65	theme	inhibitory	1241:1250	arg1	μg/ml					1282:1286	0.53 μg/ml	1277:1286	0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC	1277:1355	The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.53 μg/ml (0.17 μM) for M48U1-HEC and 0.58 μg/ml (0.19 μM) for M48U1-F127-HPMC.
25645853	2	66	with	copolymers	543:552	arg1	compositions					565:576	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide)	559:650	block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	559:710	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	4	67	theme	COOH-PS	794:800	arg1	trajectories					802:813	COOH-PS trajectories	794:813	COOH-PS trajectories	794:813	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
25645853	5	68	theme	F127	1130:1133	arg1	mixture					1110:1116	a mixture	1108:1116	a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%)	1108:1159	Formulation of the peptide mini-CD4 M48U1 used as an anti-HIV-1 molecule into a mixture of Pluronic F127 (20 wt%) and HPMC (1 wt%) did not affect its anti-HIV-1 activity in comparison with HEC hydrogel.
25645853	2	69	theme	labeled	425:431	arg1	particles					459:467	170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles	404:467	170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS)	404:477	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	69	theme	labeled	425:431	arg1	COOH-PS					470:476	COOH-PS	470:476	COOH-PS	470:476	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	2	70	used	used	371:374	arg2	tracking					358:365	Multiple particle tracking	340:365	Multiple particle tracking	340:365	Multiple particle tracking was used to quantify the mobility of 170-nm fluorescently labeled COOH-modified polystyrene particles (COOH-PS) into thermosensitive hydrogels composed of amphiphilic triblock copolymers with block compositions EOn-POm-EOn (where EO refers to ethylene oxide and PO to propylene oxide) containing mucoadhesive hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC).
25645853	1	71	theme	viral	280:284	arg1	infections					286:295	viral infections	280:295	viral infections	280:295	To be efficient, vaginal microbicide hydrogels should form a barrier against viral infections and prevent virus spreading through mucus.
25645853	7	72	theme	particle	1497:1504	arg1	diffusion					1506:1514	particle diffusion	1497:1514	particle diffusion	1497:1514	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	3	73	theme	HIV-1	775:779	arg1	charge					765:770	the surface charge	753:770	the surface charge of HIV-1	753:779	COOH-PS were used to mimic the size and the surface charge of HIV-1.
25645853	3	73	theme	HIV-1	775:779	arg1	size					744:747	the size	740:747	the size	740:747	COOH-PS were used to mimic the size and the surface charge of HIV-1.
25645853	7	74	theme	conventional	1533:1544	arg1	hydrogels					1550:1558	conventional HEC hydrogels	1533:1558	conventional HEC hydrogels	1533:1558	The present work suggests that hydrogels composed of F127-HPMC (20/1 wt%, respectively) can be used to create an efficient barrier against particle diffusion in comparison to conventional HEC hydrogels.
25645853	4	75	theme	negative	1011:1018	arg1	controls					1020:1027	negative controls	1011:1027	negative controls	1011:1027	Analysis of COOH-PS trajectories showed that particle mobility was decreased by Pluronic hydrogels in comparison with cynomolgus macaque cervicovaginal mucus and hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel (HEC; 1.5% by weight [wt%]) used as negative controls.
28692261	0	0	from	Action	17:22	arg1	Model					127:131	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model:	92:132	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement	92:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	0	1	theme	Novel	162:166	arg1	Supplement					173:182	a Novel Food Supplement	160:182	a Novel Food Supplement	160:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	4	2	from	hydrolysis	775:784	arg1	fraction					856:863	the potentially bioaccessible fraction	826:863	the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation	826:906	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	5	3	theme	prebiotic	916:924	arg1	activity					926:933	A high prebiotic activity	909:933	A high prebiotic activity	909:933	A high prebiotic activity as determined from the increase in Lactobacillus spp.
28692261	2	4	from	properties	440:449	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	0	5	theme	Grounds	74:80	arg1	Action					17:22	High Antioxidant Action	0:22	High Antioxidant Action	0:22	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	0	5	theme	Grounds	74:80	arg1	Activity					38:45	Prebiotic Activity	28:45	Prebiotic Activity	28:45	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	4	6	theme	Structural	680:689	arg1	analysis					691:698	Structural analysis	680:698	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material	680:756	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	1	7	theme	large	229:233	arg1	all					246:248	a large production all	227:248	a large production all over the world	227:263	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	8	8	theme	HSCG	1173:1176	arg1	use					1166:1168	the use	1162:1168	the use of HSCG as a food supplement	1162:1197	These results pave the way toward the use of HSCG as a food supplement.
28692261	0	9	theme	Supplement	173:182	arg1	Development					145:155	the Development	141:155	the Development of a Novel Food Supplement	141:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	4	10	theme	material	749:756	arg1	analysis					691:698	Structural analysis	680:698	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material	680:756	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	1	11	theme	production	235:244	arg1	all					246:248	a large production all	227:248	a large production all over the world	227:263	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	2	12	theme	products	485:492	arg1	properties					440:449	the antioxidant properties	424:449	the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	424:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	3	13	from	activity	630:637	arg1	cells					648:652	HepG2 cells	642:652	HepG2 cells	642:652	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	0	14	theme	Food	168:171	arg1	Supplement					173:182	a Novel Food Supplement	160:182	a Novel Food Supplement	160:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	4	15	theme	soluble	741:747	arg1	material					749:756	both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material	703:756	material	749:756	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	2	16	from	line	543:546	arg1	properties					440:449	the antioxidant properties	424:449	the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	424:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	17	theme	fermentation	472:483	arg1	products					485:492	the digestion and fermentation products	454:492	products	485:492	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	18	theme	hepatocellular	507:520	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	19	theme	coffee	383:388	arg1	HSCG					399:402	HSCG	399:402	HSCG	399:402	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	19	theme	coffee	383:388	arg1	grounds					390:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds	366:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG)	366:403	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	4	20	theme	partial	767:773	arg1	hydrolysis					775:784	partial hydrolysis	767:784	partial hydrolysis	767:784	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	4	21	theme	simulated	875:883	arg1	digestion-fermentation					885:906	simulated digestion-fermentation	875:906	simulated digestion-fermentation	875:906	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	0	22	from	Activity	38:45	arg1	Model					127:131	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model:	92:132	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement	92:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	2	23	from	effects	307:313	arg1	HSCG					399:402	HSCG	399:402	HSCG	399:402	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	23	from	effects	307:313	arg1	grounds					390:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds	366:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG)	366:403	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	8	24	theme	food	1183:1186	arg1	supplement					1188:1197	a food supplement	1181:1197	a food supplement	1181:1197	These results pave the way toward the use of HSCG as a food supplement.
28692261	2	25	theme	treatment	353:361	arg1	effects					307:313	the effects	303:313	the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG)	303:403	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	0	26	theme	Antioxidant	5:15	arg1	Action					17:22	High Antioxidant Action	0:22	High Antioxidant Action	0:22	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	2	27	theme	digestion	458:466	arg1	products					485:492	the digestion and fermentation products	454:492	products	485:492	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	4	28	theme	insoluble	726:734	arg1	analysis					691:698	Structural analysis	680:698	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material	680:756	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	2	29	theme	digestion-fermentation	330:351	arg1	treatment					353:361	a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment	318:361	a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment	318:361	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	0	30	theme	High	0:3	arg1	Action					17:22	High Antioxidant Action	0:22	High Antioxidant Action	0:22	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	4	31	theme	bioaccessible	842:854	arg1	fraction					856:863	the potentially bioaccessible fraction	826:863	the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation	826:906	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	2	32	theme	simulated	320:328	arg1	treatment					353:361	a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment	318:361	a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment	318:361	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	0	33	theme	Digestion-Fermentation	104:125	arg1	Model					127:131	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model:	92:132	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement	92:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	5	34	theme	Lactobacillus	970:982	arg1	spp					984:986	Lactobacillus spp	970:986	Lactobacillus spp	970:986	A high prebiotic activity as determined from the increase in Lactobacillus spp.
28692261	4	35	theme	lignin	805:810	arg1	components					812:821	the lignin components	801:821	the lignin components	801:821	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	7	36	theme	microbial	1078:1086	arg1	fermentation					1088:1099	microbial fermentation	1078:1099	microbial fermentation of HSCG	1078:1107	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	0	37	theme	Simulated	94:102	arg1	Model					127:131	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model:	92:132	a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement	92:182	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	1	38	theme	Spent	185:189	arg1	byproduct					212:220	a byproduct	210:220	a byproduct with a large production all over the world	210:263	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	1	38	theme	Spent	185:189	arg1	grounds					198:204	Spent coffee grounds	185:204	Spent coffee grounds	185:204	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	2	39	theme	antioxidant	428:438	arg1	properties					440:449	the antioxidant properties	424:449	the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	424:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	40	theme	human	501:505	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	41	theme	spent	377:381	arg1	HSCG					399:402	HSCG	399:402	HSCG	399:402	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	41	theme	spent	377:381	arg1	grounds					390:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds	366:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG)	366:403	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	3	42	theme	bioaccessible	565:577	arg1	fractions					589:597	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions	549:597	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions	549:597	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	1	43	theme	coffee	191:196	arg1	byproduct					212:220	a byproduct	210:220	a byproduct with a large production all over the world	210:263	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	1	43	theme	coffee	191:196	arg1	grounds					198:204	Spent coffee grounds	185:204	Spent coffee grounds	185:204	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	0	44	theme	Prebiotic	28:36	arg1	Activity					38:45	Prebiotic Activity	28:45	Prebiotic Activity	28:45	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	3	45	theme	high	609:612	arg1	activity					630:637	high chemoprotective activity	609:637	high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress	609:677	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	7	46	theme	fatty	1048:1052	arg1	SCFAs					1061:1065	SCFAs	1061:1065	SCFAs	1061:1065	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	7	46	theme	fatty	1048:1052	arg1	acids					1054:1058	short-chain fatty acids	1036:1058	short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	1036:1066	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	2	47	theme	hydrolyzed	366:375	arg1	HSCG					399:402	HSCG	399:402	HSCG	399:402	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	2	47	theme	hydrolyzed	366:375	arg1	grounds					390:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds	366:396	hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG)	366:403	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	0	48	theme	Hydrolyzed	50:59	arg1	Grounds					74:80	Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds	50:80	Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG)	50:87	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	0	48	theme	Hydrolyzed	50:59	arg1	HSCG					83:86	HSCG	83:86	HSCG	83:86	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	3	49	theme	chemoprotective	614:628	arg1	activity					630:637	high chemoprotective activity	609:637	high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress	609:677	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	7	50	theme	acids	1054:1058	arg1	production					1022:1031	the production	1018:1031	the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG	1018:1107	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	2	51	theme	carcinoma	522:530	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	4	52	theme	components	812:821	arg1	release					790:796	release	790:796	release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation	790:906	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	4	52	theme	components	812:821	arg1	hydrolysis					775:784	partial hydrolysis	767:784	partial hydrolysis	767:784	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	2	53	theme	cell	538:541	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	3	54	theme	oxidative	662:670	arg1	stress					672:677	oxidative stress	662:677	oxidative stress	662:677	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	7	55	theme	short-chain	1036:1046	arg1	SCFAs					1061:1065	SCFAs	1061:1065	SCFAs	1061:1065	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	7	55	theme	short-chain	1036:1046	arg1	acids					1054:1058	short-chain fatty acids	1036:1058	short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)	1036:1066	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	7	56	theme	HSCG	1104:1107	arg1	fermentation					1088:1099	microbial fermentation	1078:1099	microbial fermentation of HSCG	1078:1107	and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following microbial fermentation of HSCG was also observed.
28692261	2	57	theme	HepG2	532:536	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	3	58	theme	HepG2	642:646	arg1	cells					648:652	HepG2 cells	642:652	HepG2 cells	642:652	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	1	59	with	byproduct	212:220	arg1	all					246:248	a large production all	227:248	a large production all over the world	227:263	Spent coffee grounds are a byproduct with a large production all over the world.
28692261	2	60	theme	study	282:286	arg1	aim					270:272	The aim	266:272	The aim of this study	266:286	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	5	61	from	increase	958:965	arg1	spp					984:986	Lactobacillus spp	970:986	Lactobacillus spp	970:986	A high prebiotic activity as determined from the increase in Lactobacillus spp.
28692261	0	62	theme	Coffee	67:72	arg1	Grounds					74:80	Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds	50:80	Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG)	50:87	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	0	62	theme	Coffee	67:72	arg1	HSCG					83:86	HSCG	83:86	HSCG	83:86	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	2	63	from	products	485:492	arg1	line					543:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line	497:546	The aim of this study was to explore the effects of a simulated digestion-fermentation treatment on hydrolyzed spent coffee grounds (HSCG) and to investigate the antioxidant properties of the digestion and fermentation products in the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.
28692261	3	64	theme	soluble	580:586	arg1	fractions					589:597	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions	549:597	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions	549:597	The potentially bioaccessible (soluble) fractions exhibited high chemoprotective activity in HepG2 cells against oxidative stress.
28692261	4	65	from	release	790:796	arg1	fraction					856:863	the potentially bioaccessible fraction	826:863	the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation	826:906	Structural analysis of both the indigestible (insoluble) and soluble material revealed partial hydrolysis and release of the lignin components in the potentially bioaccessible fraction following simulated digestion-fermentation.
28692261	0	66	theme	Spent	61:65	arg1	Grounds					74:80	Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds	50:80	Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG)	50:87	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	0	66	theme	Spent	61:65	arg1	HSCG					83:86	HSCG	83:86	HSCG	83:86	High Antioxidant Action and Prebiotic Activity of Hydrolyzed Spent Coffee Grounds (HSCG) in a Simulated Digestion-Fermentation Model: Toward the Development of a Novel Food Supplement.
28692261	5	67	theme	high	911:914	arg1	activity					926:933	A high prebiotic activity	909:933	A high prebiotic activity	909:933	A high prebiotic activity as determined from the increase in Lactobacillus spp.
25731097	6	0	theme	starch-mediated	1283:1297	arg1	process					1326:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	3	1	theme	mL	690:691	arg1	concentration					666:678	the relatively concentration	651:678	the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1)	651:695	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	6	2	theme	sustained	1308:1316	arg1	process					1326:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	1	3	theme	facile	147:152	arg1	method					154:159	A fast, green and facile method	129:159	A fast, green and facile method	129:159	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	2	4	theme	biomedical	524:533	arg1	application					535:545	the biomedical application	520:545	the biomedical application of graphene	520:557	The as-prepared starch-GNS exhibited good biocompatibility, which was deemed crucial for the biomedical application of graphene.
25731097	6	5	theme	HCPT	1172:1175	arg1	composite					1188:1196	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	1168:1196	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	1168:1196	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	4	6	theme	drug	860:863	arg1	capacity					873:880	a high drug loading capacity	853:880	a high drug loading capacity	853:880	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	4	7	from	hydroxycamptothecin	753:771	arg1	starch-GNS					801:810	starch-GNS	801:810	starch-GNS	801:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	4	8	theme	drug	748:751	arg1	HCPT					774:777	HCPT	774:777	HCPT	774:777	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	4	8	theme	drug	748:751	arg1	hydroxycamptothecin					753:771	the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin	719:771	the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS	719:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	9	theme	acid	1112:1115	arg1	microenvironment					1117:1132	an acid microenvironment	1109:1132	an acid microenvironment	1109:1132	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	4	10	theme	drug	930:933	arg1	studies					944:950	drug delivery studies	930:950	drug delivery studies	930:950	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	0	11	theme	sensitive	84:92	arg1	delivery					119:126	pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery	81:126	pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery	81:126	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch functionalized graphene as nano-carrier for pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery.
25731097	7	12	theme	starch-GNS	1419:1428	arg1	nano-carrier					1466:1477	an ideal nano-carrier	1457:1477	an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery	1457:1495	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	12	theme	starch-GNS	1419:1428	arg1	avenue					1515:1520	a new avenue	1509:1520	a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine	1509:1578	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	12	theme	starch-GNS	1419:1428	arg1	composite					1430:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	4	13	theme	high	855:858	arg1	capacity					873:880	a high drug loading capacity	853:880	a high drug loading capacity	853:880	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	14	contain	had	1341:1343	arg1	which					1335:1339	which	1335:1339	which	1335:1339	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	6	14	contain	had	1341:1343	arg2	advantage					1359:1367	the potential advantage	1345:1367	the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy	1345:1401	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	4	15	theme	anticancer	737:746	arg1	drug					748:751	the commonly used anticancer drug	719:751	the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS	719:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	16	theme	double	1092:1097	arg1	action					1099:1104	the double action	1088:1104	the double action of an acid microenvironment	1088:1132	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	0	17	theme	drug	114:117	arg1	delivery					119:126	pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery	81:126	pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery	81:126	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch functionalized graphene as nano-carrier for pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery.
25731097	4	18	theme	@	821:821	arg1	composite					833:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	19	from	diastase	1142:1149	arg1	cells					1161:1165	SW-620 cells	1154:1165	SW-620 cells	1154:1165	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	5	20	theme	cancer	1069:1074	arg1	cells					1076:1080	SW-620 cancer cells	1062:1080	SW-620 cancer cells	1062:1080	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	0	21	theme	starch-mediated	98:112	arg1	delivery					119:126	pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery	81:126	pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery	81:126	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch functionalized graphene as nano-carrier for pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery.
25731097	7	22	theme	graphene	1556:1563	arg1	application					1541:1551	the application	1537:1551	the application of graphene in biomedicine	1537:1578	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	4	23	theme	HCPT	817:820	arg1	composite					833:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	24	theme	microenvironment	1117:1132	arg1	action					1099:1104	the double action	1088:1104	the double action of an acid microenvironment	1088:1132	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	6	24	theme	microenvironment	1117:1132	arg1	diastase					1142:1149	the diastase	1138:1149	the diastase in SW-620 cells	1138:1165	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	4	25	theme	hydroxycamptothecin	753:771	arg1	loading					708:714	the loading	704:714	the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS	704:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	4	26	theme	delivery	935:942	arg1	studies					944:950	drug delivery studies	930:950	drug delivery studies	930:950	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	2	27	theme	as-prepared	435:445	arg1	starch-GNS					447:456	The as-prepared starch-GNS	431:456	The as-prepared starch-GNS	431:456	The as-prepared starch-GNS exhibited good biocompatibility, which was deemed crucial for the biomedical application of graphene.
25731097	1	28	theme	exfoliated	262:271	arg1	oxides					282:287	exfoliated graphene oxides	262:287	exfoliated graphene oxides	262:287	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	4	29	theme	starch-GNS	822:831	arg1	composite					833:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	30	theme	SW-620	1226:1231	arg1	cells					1233:1237	the SW-620 cells	1222:1237	the SW-620 cells	1222:1237	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	1	31	theme	graphene	273:280	arg1	oxides					282:287	exfoliated graphene oxides	262:287	exfoliated graphene oxides	262:287	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	6	32	theme	in	1299:1300	arg1	process					1326:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	5	33	theme	starch-GNS	1006:1015	arg1	composite					1017:1025	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	997:1025	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	997:1025	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	3	34	theme	Cellular	560:567	arg1	tests					578:582	Cellular toxicity tests	560:582	Cellular toxicity tests	560:582	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	0	35	theme	one-pot	9:15	arg1	synthesis					17:25	A facile one-pot synthesis	0:25	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch	0:35	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch functionalized graphene as nano-carrier for pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery.
25731097	1	36	theme	oxides	282:287	arg1	reduction					249:257	the reduction	245:257	the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation	245:428	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	2	37	theme	graphene	550:557	arg1	application					535:545	the biomedical application	520:545	the biomedical application of graphene	520:557	The as-prepared starch-GNS exhibited good biocompatibility, which was deemed crucial for the biomedical application of graphene.
25731097	1	38	theme	functionalization	349:365	arg1	starch					300:305	soluble starch	292:305	soluble starch	292:305	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	38	theme	functionalization	349:365	arg1	reagent					367:373	a functionalization reagent	347:373	a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets	347:405	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	3	39	theme	toxicity	569:576	arg1	tests					578:582	Cellular toxicity tests	560:582	Cellular toxicity tests	560:582	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	1	40	theme	starch	186:191	arg1	starch-GNS					229:238	starch-GNS	229:238	starch-GNS	229:238	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	40	theme	starch	186:191	arg1	nanosheets					217:226	starch functionalized graphene nanosheets	186:226	starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS)	186:239	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	0	41	theme	starch	30:35	arg1	synthesis					17:25	A facile one-pot synthesis	0:25	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch	0:35	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch functionalized graphene as nano-carrier for pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery.
25731097	4	42	theme	cellular	909:916	arg1	imaging					918:924	cellular imaging	909:924	cellular imaging	909:924	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	43	theme	high	1205:1208	arg1	toxicity					1210:1217	high toxicity	1205:1217	high toxicity	1205:1217	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	1	44	theme	functionalized	193:206	arg1	starch-GNS					229:238	starch-GNS	229:238	starch-GNS	229:238	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	44	theme	functionalized	193:206	arg1	nanosheets					217:226	starch functionalized graphene nanosheets	186:226	starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS)	186:239	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	2	45	theme	good	468:471	arg1	biocompatibility					473:488	good biocompatibility	468:488	good biocompatibility	468:488	The as-prepared starch-GNS exhibited good biocompatibility, which was deemed crucial for the biomedical application of graphene.
25731097	1	46	theme	soluble	292:298	arg1	starch					300:305	soluble starch	292:305	soluble starch	292:305	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	46	theme	soluble	292:298	arg1	reagent					367:373	a functionalization reagent	347:373	a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets	347:405	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	46	theme	soluble	292:298	arg1	reductant					330:338	a reductant	328:338	a reductant	328:338	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	5	47	theme	SW-620	1062:1067	arg1	cells					1076:1080	SW-620 cancer cells	1062:1080	SW-620 cancer cells	1062:1080	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	5	48	theme	HCPT	1001:1004	arg1	composite					1017:1025	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	997:1025	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	997:1025	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	6	49	from	action	1099:1104	arg1	cells					1161:1165	SW-620 cells	1154:1165	SW-620 cells	1154:1165	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	1	50	theme	graphene	208:215	arg1	starch-GNS					229:238	starch-GNS	229:238	starch-GNS	229:238	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	50	theme	graphene	208:215	arg1	nanosheets					217:226	starch functionalized graphene nanosheets	186:226	starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS)	186:239	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	6	51	dep	in	1299:1300	arg1	vitro					1302:1306	vitro	1302:1306	vitro	1302:1306	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	1	52	theme	capping	379:385	arg1	nanosheets					396:405	capping graphene nanosheets	379:405	capping graphene nanosheets	379:405	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	5	53	theme	@	1005:1005	arg1	composite					1017:1025	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	997:1025	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	997:1025	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	7	54	from	application	1541:1551	arg1	biomedicine					1568:1578	biomedicine	1568:1578	biomedicine	1568:1578	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	6	55	theme	potential	1349:1357	arg1	advantage					1359:1367	the potential advantage	1345:1367	the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy	1345:1401	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	6	56	theme	SW-620	1154:1159	arg1	cells					1161:1165	SW-620 cells	1154:1165	SW-620 cells	1154:1165	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	4	57	theme	loading	865:871	arg1	capacity					873:880	a high drug loading capacity	853:880	a high drug loading capacity	853:880	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	1	58	theme	graphene	387:394	arg1	nanosheets					396:405	capping graphene nanosheets	379:405	capping graphene nanosheets	379:405	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	1	59	theme	green	137:141	arg1	method					154:159	A fast, green and facile method	129:159	A fast, green and facile method	129:159	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	4	60	from	starch-GNS	801:810	arg1	loading					708:714	the loading	704:714	the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS	704:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	7	61	used	used	1449:1452	arg2	avenue					1515:1520	a new avenue	1509:1520	a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine	1509:1578	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	61	used	used	1449:1452	arg2	composite					1430:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	61	used	used	1449:1452	arg2	nano-carrier					1466:1477	an ideal nano-carrier	1457:1477	an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery	1457:1495	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	4	62	from	loading	708:714	arg1	starch-GNS					801:810	starch-GNS	801:810	starch-GNS	801:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	63	theme	sensitive	1260:1268	arg1	pH					1257:1258	a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy	1255:1401	pH	1257:1258	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	3	64	theme	μg	687:688	arg1	-1					693:694	-1	693:694	-1	693:694	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	3	64	theme	μg	687:688	arg1	mL					690:691	200 μg mL	683:691	200 μg mL(-1)	683:695	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	3	65	theme	SW-620	630:635	arg1	cells					637:641	SW-620 cells	630:641	SW-620 cells	630:641	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	4	66	theme	used	732:735	arg1	drug					748:751	the commonly used anticancer drug	719:751	the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS	719:810	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
25731097	6	67	theme	@	1176:1176	arg1	composite					1188:1196	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	1168:1196	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	1168:1196	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	5	68	theme	endocytosis	977:987	arg1	effect					989:994	the nonspecific endocytosis effect	961:994	the nonspecific endocytosis effect	961:994	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	1	69	theme	fast	131:134	arg1	method					154:159	A fast, green and facile method	129:159	A fast, green and facile method	129:159	A fast, green and facile method was developed to prepare starch functionalized graphene nanosheets (starch-GNS) via the reduction of exfoliated graphene oxides by soluble starch, which acted both as a reductant and as a functionalization reagent for capping graphene nanosheets to prevent aggregation.
25731097	6	70	theme	release	1318:1324	arg1	process					1326:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process	1281:1332	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	3	71	from	concentration	666:678	arg1	starch-GNS					603:612	the starch-GNS	599:612	the starch-GNS	599:612	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	3	71	from	concentration	666:678	arg1	nontoxic					618:625	nontoxic	618:625	nontoxic to SW-620 cells	618:641	Cellular toxicity tests suggested that the starch-GNS was nontoxic to SW-620 cells even at the relatively concentration of 200 μg mL(-1).
25731097	7	72	theme	ideal	1460:1464	arg1	nano-carrier					1466:1477	an ideal nano-carrier	1457:1477	an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery	1457:1495	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	72	theme	ideal	1460:1464	arg1	avenue					1515:1520	a new avenue	1509:1520	a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine	1509:1578	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	72	theme	ideal	1460:1464	arg1	composite					1430:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	73	theme	new	1511:1513	arg1	avenue					1515:1520	a new avenue	1509:1520	a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine	1509:1578	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	73	theme	new	1511:1513	arg1	nano-carrier					1466:1477	an ideal nano-carrier	1457:1477	an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery	1457:1495	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	7	73	theme	new	1511:1513	arg1	composite					1430:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	the starch-GNS composite	1415:1438	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	5	74	theme	nonspecific	965:975	arg1	effect					989:994	the nonspecific endocytosis effect	961:994	the nonspecific endocytosis effect	961:994	Through the nonspecific endocytosis effect, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite was encapsulated into cytoplasm by SW-620 cancer cells.
25731097	7	75	theme	drug	1483:1486	arg1	delivery					1488:1495	drug delivery	1483:1495	drug delivery	1483:1495	Therefore, the starch-GNS composite could be used as an ideal nano-carrier for drug delivery and offered a new avenue for broadening the application of graphene in biomedicine.
25731097	6	76	theme	therapeutic	1382:1392	arg1	efficacy					1394:1401	therapeutic efficacy	1382:1401	therapeutic efficacy	1382:1401	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	6	77	theme	starch-GNS	1177:1186	arg1	composite					1188:1196	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	1168:1196	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	1168:1196	With the double action of an acid microenvironment and the diastase in SW-620 cells, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite showed high toxicity to the SW-620 cells and experienced a pH sensitive as well as a starch-mediated in vitro sustained release process, which had the potential advantage of improving therapeutic efficacy.
25731097	0	78	theme	facile	2:7	arg1	synthesis					17:25	A facile one-pot synthesis	0:25	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch	0:35	A facile one-pot synthesis of starch functionalized graphene as nano-carrier for pH sensitive and starch-mediated drug delivery.
25731097	4	79	used	used	900:903	arg2	composite					833:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	the HCPT@starch-GNS composite	813:841	After the loading of the commonly used anticancer drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via physisorption on starch-GNS, the HCPT@starch-GNS composite exhibited a high drug loading capacity and was therefore used for cellular imaging and drug delivery studies.
26814828	4	0	dep	Fourier	637:643	arg1	transform					645:653	transform	645:653	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)	645:721	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	6	1	used	used	926:929	arg2	tests					915:919	Batch adsorption tests	898:919	Batch adsorption tests	898:919	Batch adsorption tests were used to evaluate arsenite removal capacity.
26814828	1	2	theme	polluted	155:162	arg1	water					149:153	decontaminate water polluted	135:162	decontaminate water polluted by arsenite	135:174	To seek high-efficient, convenient and robust methods to decontaminate water polluted by arsenite are critically in demand.
26814828	6	3	theme	arsenite	943:950	arg1	capacity					960:967	arsenite removal capacity	943:967	arsenite removal capacity	943:967	Batch adsorption tests were used to evaluate arsenite removal capacity.
26814828	8	4	theme	magnetic	1175:1182	arg1	M1.5					1193:1196	magnetic aerogels M1.5	1175:1196	magnetic aerogels M1.5	1175:1196	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	3	5	theme	inside	453:458	arg1	Mn					432:433	Mn	432:433	Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside	432:458	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	7	6	theme	rate	1086:1089	arg1	equation					1091:1098	a pseudo-second-order rate equation	1064:1098	a pseudo-second-order rate equation	1064:1098	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	7	dep	pH-dependent	1041:1052	arg1	followed					1055:1062	followed	1055:1062	followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1055:1132	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	7	dep	pH-dependent	1041:1052	arg1	pH-dependent					1041:1052	pH-dependent	1041:1052	pH-dependent	1041:1052	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	7	dep	pH-dependent	1041:1052	arg1	process					1029:1035	the arsenite removal process	1008:1035	the arsenite removal process	1008:1035	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	0	8	from	Development	0:10	arg1	KGM					43:45	clay-reinforced KGM	27:45	clay-reinforced KGM	27:45	Development of Mag-FMBO in clay-reinforced KGM aerogels for arsenite removal.
26814828	8	9	theme	uptake	1156:1161	arg1	capacity					1163:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity	1135:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5	1135:1196	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	2	10	theme	aerogels	267:274	arg1	series					223:228	a series	221:228	a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal	221:309	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	4	11	theme	gravimetric	547:557	arg1	test					534:537	compression test	522:537	compression test	522:537	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	11	theme	gravimetric	547:557	arg1	TGA					569:571	TGA	569:571	TGA	569:571	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	11	theme	gravimetric	547:557	arg1	analysis					559:566	thermo gravimetric analysis	540:566	thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA)	540:572	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	5	12	theme	tunable	874:880	arg1	structure					887:895	tunable pore structure	874:895	tunable pore structure	874:895	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	9	13	dep	used	1327:1330	arg1	NaOH/NaCl/NaClO					1367:1381	NaOH/NaCl/NaClO	1367:1381	NaOH/NaCl/NaClO	1367:1381	Besides, the magnetic composite aerogels can be repeatedly used after the treatment of regenerant (NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution).
26814828	7	14	theme	pseudo-second-order	1066:1084	arg1	equation					1091:1098	a pseudo-second-order rate equation	1064:1098	a pseudo-second-order rate equation	1064:1098	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	5	15	contain	possessed	786:794	arg2	property					827:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	5	15	contain	possessed	786:794	arg2	characteristic					855:868	excellent thermal characteristic	837:868	excellent thermal characteristic	837:868	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	5	15	contain	possessed	786:794	arg1	aerogels					777:784	the composite aerogels	763:784	the composite aerogels	763:784	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	5	15	contain	possessed	786:794	arg2	structure					887:895	tunable pore structure	874:895	tunable pore structure	874:895	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	4	16	theme	thermo	540:545	arg1	test					534:537	compression test	522:537	compression test	522:537	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	16	theme	thermo	540:545	arg1	TGA					569:571	TGA	569:571	TGA	569:571	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	16	theme	thermo	540:545	arg1	analysis					559:566	thermo gravimetric analysis	540:566	thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA)	540:572	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	8	17	theme	arsenite	1147:1154	arg1	capacity					1163:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity	1135:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5	1135:1196	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	4	18	theme	electron	697:704	arg1	SEM					718:720	SEM	718:720	SEM	718:720	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	18	theme	electron	697:704	arg1	microscope					706:715	scanning electron microscope	688:715	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	688:721	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	9	19	used	used	1327:1330	arg2	aerogels					1300:1307	the magnetic composite aerogels	1277:1307	the magnetic composite aerogels	1277:1307	Besides, the magnetic composite aerogels can be repeatedly used after the treatment of regenerant (NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution).
26814828	8	20	theme	maximum	1139:1145	arg1	capacity					1163:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity	1135:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5	1135:1196	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	8	21	theme	M1.5	1193:1196	arg1	capacity					1163:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity	1135:1170	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5	1135:1196	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	4	22	theme	scanning	688:695	arg1	SEM					718:720	SEM	718:720	SEM	718:720	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	22	theme	scanning	688:695	arg1	microscope					706:715	scanning electron microscope	688:715	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	688:721	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	6	23	theme	Batch	898:902	arg1	tests					915:919	Batch adsorption tests	898:919	Batch adsorption tests	898:919	Batch adsorption tests were used to evaluate arsenite removal capacity.
26814828	2	24	theme	arsenite	294:301	arg1	removal					303:309	arsenite removal	294:309	arsenite removal	294:309	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	5	25	theme	strong	796:801	arg1	property					827:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	3	26	theme	Na	378:379	arg1	montmorillonite					361:375	sodium montmorillonite	354:375	sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside	354:458	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	3	26	theme	Na	378:379	arg1	-MMT					383:386	Na(+)-MMT	378:386	Na(+)-MMT	378:386	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	9	27	theme	magnetic	1281:1288	arg1	aerogels					1300:1307	the magnetic composite aerogels	1277:1307	the magnetic composite aerogels	1277:1307	Besides, the magnetic composite aerogels can be repeatedly used after the treatment of regenerant (NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution).
26814828	9	28	dep	NaOH/NaCl/NaClO	1367:1381	arg1	solution					1383:1390	solution	1383:1390	NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution	1367:1390	Besides, the magnetic composite aerogels can be repeatedly used after the treatment of regenerant (NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution).
26814828	4	29	theme	infrared	655:662	arg1	FTIR					678:681	FTIR	678:681	FTIR	678:681	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	29	theme	infrared	655:662	arg1	spectroscopy					664:675	infrared spectroscopy	655:675	infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	655:682	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	5	30	theme	mechanical	803:812	arg1	property					827:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	3	31	theme	sodium	354:359	arg1	montmorillonite					361:375	sodium montmorillonite	354:375	sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside	354:458	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	3	31	theme	sodium	354:359	arg1	-MMT					383:386	Na(+)-MMT	378:386	Na(+)-MMT	378:386	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	9	32	theme	composite	1290:1298	arg1	aerogels					1300:1307	the magnetic composite aerogels	1277:1307	the magnetic composite aerogels	1277:1307	Besides, the magnetic composite aerogels can be repeatedly used after the treatment of regenerant (NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution).
26814828	6	33	theme	adsorption	904:913	arg1	tests					915:919	Batch adsorption tests	898:919	Batch adsorption tests	898:919	Batch adsorption tests were used to evaluate arsenite removal capacity.
26814828	4	34	theme	vibrating	575:583	arg1	VSM					606:608	VSM	606:608	VSM	606:608	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	34	theme	vibrating	575:583	arg1	test					534:537	compression test	522:537	compression test	522:537	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	34	theme	vibrating	575:583	arg1	magnetometer					592:603	vibrating sample magnetometer	575:603	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	575:609	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	0	35	theme	Mag-FMBO	15:22	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of Mag-FMBO in clay-reinforced KGM	0:45	Development of Mag-FMBO in clay-reinforced KGM aerogels for arsenite removal.
26814828	4	36	theme	compression	522:532	arg1	test					534:537	compression test	522:537	compression test	522:537	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	36	theme	compression	522:532	arg1	magnetometer					592:603	vibrating sample magnetometer	575:603	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	575:609	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	36	theme	compression	522:532	arg1	Fourier					637:643	Fourier	637:643	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)	637:721	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	36	theme	compression	522:532	arg1	diffraction					618:628	X-ray diffraction	612:628	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	612:634	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	36	theme	compression	522:532	arg1	analysis					559:566	thermo gravimetric analysis	540:566	thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA)	540:572	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	5	37	theme	pore	882:885	arg1	structure					887:895	tunable pore structure	874:895	tunable pore structure	874:895	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	1	38	theme	convenient	102:111	arg1	methods					124:130	convenient and robust methods	102:130	convenient and robust methods to decontaminate water polluted by arsenite	102:174	To seek high-efficient, convenient and robust methods to decontaminate water polluted by arsenite are critically in demand.
26814828	7	39	theme	monolayer	1113:1121	arg1	adsorption					1123:1132	Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1104:1132	Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1104:1132	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	5	40	theme	thermal	847:853	arg1	characteristic					855:868	excellent thermal characteristic	837:868	excellent thermal characteristic	837:868	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	0	41	theme	clay-reinforced	27:41	arg1	KGM					43:45	clay-reinforced KGM	27:45	clay-reinforced KGM	27:45	Development of Mag-FMBO in clay-reinforced KGM aerogels for arsenite removal.
26814828	4	42	theme	aerogels	474:481	arg1	adsorbents					483:492	The obtained aerogels adsorbents	461:492	The obtained aerogels adsorbents	461:492	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	7	43	theme	arsenite	1012:1019	arg1	followed					1055:1062	followed	1055:1062	followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1055:1132	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	43	theme	arsenite	1012:1019	arg1	pH-dependent					1041:1052	pH-dependent	1041:1052	pH-dependent	1041:1052	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	43	theme	arsenite	1012:1019	arg1	process					1029:1035	the arsenite removal process	1008:1035	the arsenite removal process	1008:1035	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	5	44	theme	characteristic	728:741	arg1	results					743:749	The characteristic results	724:749	The characteristic results	724:749	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	5	45	theme	composite	767:775	arg1	aerogels					777:784	the composite aerogels	763:784	the composite aerogels	763:784	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	4	46	theme	sample	585:590	arg1	VSM					606:608	VSM	606:608	VSM	606:608	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	46	theme	sample	585:590	arg1	test					534:537	compression test	522:537	compression test	522:537	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	46	theme	sample	585:590	arg1	magnetometer					592:603	vibrating sample magnetometer	575:603	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	575:609	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	47	theme	obtained	465:472	arg1	adsorbents					483:492	The obtained aerogels adsorbents	461:492	The obtained aerogels adsorbents	461:492	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	8	48	theme	aerogels	1184:1191	arg1	M1.5					1193:1196	magnetic aerogels M1.5	1175:1196	magnetic aerogels M1.5	1175:1196	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	5	49	theme	excellent	837:845	arg1	characteristic					855:868	excellent thermal characteristic	837:868	excellent thermal characteristic	837:868	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	7	50	theme	Langmuir	1104:1111	arg1	adsorption					1123:1132	Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1104:1132	Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1104:1132	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	51	theme	removal	1021:1027	arg1	followed					1055:1062	followed	1055:1062	followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption	1055:1132	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	51	theme	removal	1021:1027	arg1	pH-dependent					1041:1052	pH-dependent	1041:1052	pH-dependent	1041:1052	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	7	51	theme	removal	1021:1027	arg1	process					1029:1035	the arsenite removal process	1008:1035	the arsenite removal process	1008:1035	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	1	52	theme	robust	117:122	arg1	methods					124:130	convenient and robust methods	102:130	convenient and robust methods to decontaminate water polluted by arsenite	102:174	To seek high-efficient, convenient and robust methods to decontaminate water polluted by arsenite are critically in demand.
26814828	7	53	theme	adsorption	974:983	arg1	results					985:991	The adsorption results	970:991	The adsorption results	970:991	The adsorption results exhibited that the arsenite removal process was pH-dependent, followed a pseudo-second-order rate equation and Langmuir monolayer adsorption.
26814828	2	54	theme	glucomannan	249:259	arg1	aerogels					267:274	magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels	233:274	magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal	233:309	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	3	55	with	matrix	404:409	arg1	Mn					432:433	Mn	432:433	Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside	432:458	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	3	55	with	matrix	404:409	arg1	Fe					425:426	magnetic Fe	416:426	magnetic Fe	416:426	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	2	56	theme	konjac	242:247	arg1	KGM					262:264	KGM	262:264	KGM	262:264	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	2	56	theme	konjac	242:247	arg1	glucomannan					249:259	magnetic konjac glucomannan	233:259	magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal	233:309	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	5	57	theme	magnetic	818:825	arg1	property					827:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	strong mechanical and magnetic property	796:834	The characteristic results showed that the composite aerogels possessed strong mechanical and magnetic property, excellent thermal characteristic and tunable pore structure.
26814828	3	58	theme	magnetic	416:423	arg1	Fe					425:426	magnetic Fe	416:426	magnetic Fe	416:426	These adsorbents were fabricated based on sodium montmorillonite (Na(+)-MMT) reinforced KGM matrix with magnetic Fe and Mn oxides (Mag-FMBO) inside.
26814828	2	59	theme	magnetic	233:240	arg1	KGM					262:264	KGM	262:264	KGM	262:264	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	2	59	theme	magnetic	233:240	arg1	glucomannan					249:259	magnetic konjac glucomannan	233:259	magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal	233:309	Here, we developed a series of magnetic konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogels as adsorbents for arsenite removal.
26814828	8	60	theme	Langmuir	1232:1239	arg1	isotherm					1241:1248	Langmuir isotherm	1232:1248	Langmuir isotherm	1232:1248	The maximum arsenite uptake capacity of magnetic aerogels M1.5 reached 16.03mgg(-1) according to Langmuir isotherm at pH 7 and 323K.
26814828	1	61	theme	decontaminate	135:147	arg1	water					149:153	decontaminate water polluted	135:162	decontaminate water polluted by arsenite	135:174	To seek high-efficient, convenient and robust methods to decontaminate water polluted by arsenite are critically in demand.
26814828	0	62	theme	arsenite	60:67	arg1	removal					69:75	arsenite removal	60:75	arsenite removal	60:75	Development of Mag-FMBO in clay-reinforced KGM aerogels for arsenite removal.
26814828	9	63	theme	regenerant	1355:1364	arg1	treatment					1342:1350	the treatment	1338:1350	the treatment of regenerant	1338:1364	Besides, the magnetic composite aerogels can be repeatedly used after the treatment of regenerant (NaOH/NaCl/NaClO solution).
26814828	4	64	theme	X-ray	612:616	arg1	test					534:537	compression test	522:537	compression test	522:537	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	64	theme	X-ray	612:616	arg1	XRD					631:633	XRD	631:633	XRD	631:633	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	4	64	theme	X-ray	612:616	arg1	diffraction					618:628	X-ray diffraction	612:628	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	612:634	The obtained aerogels adsorbents were characterized by using compression test, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
26814828	6	65	theme	removal	952:958	arg1	capacity					960:967	arsenite removal capacity	943:967	arsenite removal capacity	943:967	Batch adsorption tests were used to evaluate arsenite removal capacity.
28189527	8	0	theme	first	1022:1026	arg1	time					1028:1031	the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions	1018:1072	the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions	1018:1072	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	5	1	theme	β-1,4-glycanase	700:714	arg1	module					690:695	the carbohydrate binding module	665:695	the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase	665:714	In our study, visualization of cellulose is based on its specific binding to the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase.
28189527	0	2	from	staining	9:16	arg1	granuloma					46:54	oral pulse granuloma	35:54	oral pulse granuloma	35:54	Positive staining for cellulose in oral pulse granuloma.
28189527	7	3	theme	foreign	870:876	arg1	reaction					883:890	a foreign body reaction	868:890	a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings	868:928	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	7	4	theme	horseradish	961:971	arg1	peroxidase					973:982	horseradish peroxidase	961:982	horseradish peroxidase staining	961:991	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	8	5	theme	OPG	1062:1064	arg1	lesions					1066:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	7	6	theme	body	878:881	arg1	reaction					883:890	a foreign body reaction	868:890	a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings	868:928	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	4	7	theme	foreign	564:570	arg1	reactions					577:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	1	8	theme	OBJECTIVE	57:65	arg1	OPG					89:91	OPG	89:91	OPG	89:91	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	8	theme	OBJECTIVE	57:65	arg1	lesion					118:123	an oral inflammatory lesion	97:123	an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells	97:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	8	theme	OBJECTIVE	57:65	arg1	granuloma					78:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma	57:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG)	57:92	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	6	9	dep	RESULTS	717:723	arg1	positive					759:766	positive	759:766	positive	759:766	RESULTS All samples diagnosed as OPG were positive for cellulose staining localized in hyaline rings.
28189527	3	10	contain	contain	368:374	arg2	cellulose					376:384	cellulose	376:384	cellulose	376:384	Our aim was to investigate whether the hyaline rings contain cellulose.
28189527	3	10	contain	contain	368:374	arg1	rings					362:366	the hyaline rings	350:366	the hyaline rings	350:366	Our aim was to investigate whether the hyaline rings contain cellulose.
28189527	1	11	theme	Oral	67:70	arg1	OPG					89:91	OPG	89:91	OPG	89:91	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	11	theme	Oral	67:70	arg1	lesion					118:123	an oral inflammatory lesion	97:123	an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells	97:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	11	theme	Oral	67:70	arg1	granuloma					78:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma	57:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG)	57:92	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	8	12	theme	formation	1131:1139	arg1	cellulose					1091:1099	cellulose	1091:1099	cellulose	1091:1099	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	8	12	theme	formation	1131:1139	arg1	cause					1122:1126	the initial cause	1110:1126	the initial cause of formation of these lesions	1110:1156	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	5	13	theme	carbohydrate	669:680	arg1	module					690:695	the carbohydrate binding module	665:695	the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase	665:714	In our study, visualization of cellulose is based on its specific binding to the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase.
28189527	7	14	theme	rings	924:928	arg1	presence					904:911	the presence	900:911	the presence of hyaline rings	900:928	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	8	15	located	present	1051:1057	arg1	lesions					1066:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	8	15	located	present	1051:1057	arg2	cellulose					1038:1046	cellulose	1038:1046	cellulose	1038:1046	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	1	16	theme	pulse	72:76	arg1	OPG					89:91	OPG	89:91	OPG	89:91	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	16	theme	pulse	72:76	arg1	lesion					118:123	an oral inflammatory lesion	97:123	an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells	97:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	16	theme	pulse	72:76	arg1	granuloma					78:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma	57:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG)	57:92	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	17	theme	hyaline	158:164	arg1	rings					166:170	hyaline rings	158:170	hyaline rings	158:170	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	0	18	theme	Positive	0:7	arg1	staining					9:16	Positive staining	0:16	Positive staining for cellulose in oral pulse granuloma	0:54	Positive staining for cellulose in oral pulse granuloma.
28189527	8	19	theme	lesions	1150:1156	arg1	formation					1131:1139	formation	1131:1139	formation of these lesions	1131:1156	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	1	20	theme	rings	166:170	arg1	presence					146:153	the presence	142:153	the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells	142:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	8	21	theme	initial	1114:1120	arg1	cellulose					1091:1099	cellulose	1091:1099	cellulose	1091:1099	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	8	21	theme	initial	1114:1120	arg1	cause					1122:1126	the initial cause	1110:1126	the initial cause of formation of these lesions	1110:1156	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	7	22	theme	peroxidase	973:982	arg1	staining					984:991	horseradish peroxidase staining	961:991	horseradish peroxidase staining	961:991	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	4	23	theme	body	572:575	arg1	reactions					577:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	7	24	from	addition	822:829	arg1	positive					935:942	positive	935:942	positive	935:942	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	8	25	from	present	1051:1057	arg1	lesions					1066:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	1	26	theme	numerous	177:184	arg1	cells					207:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	0	27	theme	oral	35:38	arg1	granuloma					46:54	oral pulse granuloma	35:54	oral pulse granuloma	35:54	Positive staining for cellulose in oral pulse granuloma.
28189527	4	28	dep	samples	523:529	arg1	addition					509:516	addition	509:516	addition	509:516	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	6	29	theme	hyaline	804:810	arg1	rings					812:816	hyaline rings	804:816	hyaline rings	804:816	RESULTS All samples diagnosed as OPG were positive for cellulose staining localized in hyaline rings.
28189527	1	30	theme	multinucleated	186:199	arg1	cells					207:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	5	31	theme	specific	645:652	arg1	binding					654:660	its specific binding	641:660	its specific binding to the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase	641:714	In our study, visualization of cellulose is based on its specific binding to the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase.
28189527	4	32	theme	staining	424:431	arg1	method					433:438	a newly developed staining method	406:438	a newly developed staining method for cellulose	406:452	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	4	33	theme	histologic	469:478	arg1	samples					480:486	18 histologic samples	466:486	18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG	466:503	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	1	34	theme	giant	201:205	arg1	cells					207:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	3	35	theme	hyaline	354:360	arg1	rings					362:366	the hyaline rings	350:366	the hyaline rings	350:366	Our aim was to investigate whether the hyaline rings contain cellulose.
28189527	4	36	theme	developed	414:422	arg1	method					433:438	a newly developed staining method	406:438	a newly developed staining method for cellulose	406:452	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	5	37	theme	cellulose	619:627	arg1	visualization					602:614	visualization	602:614	visualization of cellulose	602:627	In our study, visualization of cellulose is based on its specific binding to the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase.
28189527	2	38	theme	rings	308:312	arg1	composition					281:291	the composition	277:291	the composition of the hyaline rings	277:312	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion is thus far unclear, as is the composition of the hyaline rings.
28189527	0	39	theme	pulse	40:44	arg1	granuloma					46:54	oral pulse granuloma	35:54	oral pulse granuloma	35:54	Positive staining for cellulose in oral pulse granuloma.
28189527	4	40	theme	STUDY	387:391	arg1	DESIGN					393:398	STUDY DESIGN	387:398	STUDY DESIGN	387:398	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	8	41	from	lesions	1066:1072	arg1	present					1051:1057	present	1051:1057	present	1051:1057	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	2	42	theme	hyaline	300:306	arg1	rings					308:312	the hyaline rings	296:312	the hyaline rings	296:312	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion is thus far unclear, as is the composition of the hyaline rings.
28189527	1	43	with	presence	146:153	arg1	cells					207:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	numerous multinucleated giant cells	177:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	6	44	theme	cellulose	772:780	arg1	staining					782:789	cellulose staining	772:789	cellulose staining localized in hyaline rings	772:816	RESULTS All samples diagnosed as OPG were positive for cellulose staining localized in hyaline rings.
28189527	7	45	theme	hyaline	916:922	arg1	rings					924:928	hyaline rings	916:928	hyaline rings	916:928	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	1	46	theme	oral	100:103	arg1	granuloma					78:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma	57:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG)	57:92	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	46	theme	oral	100:103	arg1	lesion					118:123	an oral inflammatory lesion	97:123	an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells	97:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	8	47	attach	present	1051:1057	arg1	lesions					1066:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	OPG lesions	1062:1072	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	8	47	attach	present	1051:1057	arg2	cellulose					1038:1046	cellulose	1038:1046	cellulose	1038:1046	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	2	48	theme	lesion	243:248	arg1	unclear					262:268	unclear	262:268	unclear	262:268	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion is thus far unclear, as is the composition of the hyaline rings.
28189527	2	48	theme	lesion	243:248	arg1	etiopathogenesis					218:233	The etiopathogenesis	214:233	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion	214:248	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion is thus far unclear, as is the composition of the hyaline rings.
28189527	1	49	theme	inflammatory	105:116	arg1	granuloma					78:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma	57:86	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG)	57:92	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	1	49	theme	inflammatory	105:116	arg1	lesion					118:123	an oral inflammatory lesion	97:123	an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells	97:211	OBJECTIVE Oral pulse granuloma (OPG) is an oral inflammatory lesion characterized by the presence of hyaline rings with numerous multinucleated giant cells.
28189527	2	50	dep	composition	281:291	arg1	is					274:275	is	274:275	is	274:275	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion is thus far unclear, as is the composition of the hyaline rings.
28189527	2	50	dep	composition	281:291	arg1	as					271:272	as	271:272	as	271:272	The etiopathogenesis of this lesion is thus far unclear, as is the composition of the hyaline rings.
28189527	5	51	theme	binding	682:688	arg1	module					690:695	the carbohydrate binding module	665:695	the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase	665:714	In our study, visualization of cellulose is based on its specific binding to the carbohydrate binding module of β-1,4-glycanase.
28189527	4	52	theme	"	562:562	arg1	reactions					577:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
28189527	8	53	dep	CONCLUSIONS	994:1004	arg1	show					1009:1012	show	1009:1012	show	1009:1012	CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that cellulose is present in OPG lesions, indicating that cellulose might be the initial cause of formation of these lesions.
28189527	7	54	from	positive	935:942	arg1	addition					822:829	addition	822:829	addition	822:829	In addition, 1 lesion (of 3), first diagnosed as a foreign body reaction without the presence of hyaline rings, was positive for cellulose by horseradish peroxidase staining.
28189527	4	55	theme	normal	556:561	arg1	reactions					577:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	"normal" foreign body reactions	555:585	STUDY DESIGN Using a newly developed staining method for cellulose, we studied 18 histologic samples diagnosed as OPG, in addition to 3 samples originally diagnosed as "normal" foreign body reactions.
26939864	8	0	theme	biomedical	1151:1160	arg1	field					1162:1166	biomedical field	1151:1166	biomedical field	1151:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	1	dep	applications	1129:1140	arg1	i.e.					1143:1146	i.e.	1143:1146	i.e.	1143:1146	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	3	2	theme	electrostatic	425:437	arg1	interactions					455:466	the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions	421:466	the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions	421:466	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were evaluated by changing either vesicles composition or the polymer hydrophobic substitution.
26939864	4	3	theme	shape	669:673	arg1	changes					675:681	further polygonal shape changes	651:681	further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition	651:725	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	8	4	from	sites	1339:1343	arg1	chains					1358:1363	polymeric chains	1348:1363	polymeric chains	1348:1363	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	1	5	theme	thermo-responsive	228:244	arg1	hydrogels					246:254	thermo-responsive hydrogels	228:254	thermo-responsive hydrogels	228:254	In this study, negatively charged catanionic vesicles/hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose polymers thermo-responsive hydrogels have been fabricated.
26939864	4	6	theme	polygonal	659:667	arg1	changes					675:681	further polygonal shape changes	651:681	further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition	651:725	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	10	7	dep	104A	1424:1427	arg1	1668-1679					1430:1438	1668-1679	1430:1438	1668-1679	1430:1438	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1668-1679, 2016.
26939864	2	8	theme	solutions	389:397	arg1	networking					350:359	networking	350:359	networking of modified-cellulose water solutions	350:397	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	10	9	theme	Part	1416:1419	arg1	A					1421:1421	Part A	1416:1421	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1668-1679, 2016.	1397:1445	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1668-1679, 2016.
26939864	0	10	from	vesicles	81:88	arg1	hydrogels					18:26	Thermo-responsive hydrogels	0:26	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application	0:115	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application.
26939864	8	11	theme	delivery	1183:1190	arg1	applications					1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	11	theme	delivery	1183:1190	arg1	variety					1118:1124	a wide variety	1111:1124	a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field	1111:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	11	theme	delivery	1183:1190	arg1	systems					1192:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	2	12	theme	water	383:387	arg1	solutions					389:397	modified-cellulose water solutions	364:397	modified-cellulose water solutions	364:397	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	3	13	theme	interactions	455:466	arg1	contributions					404:416	The contributions	400:416	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions	400:466	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were evaluated by changing either vesicles composition or the polymer hydrophobic substitution.
26939864	4	14	theme	vesicles	622:629	arg1	lamellarity					589:599	lamellarity	589:599	lamellarity	589:599	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	4	14	theme	vesicles	622:629	arg1	size					580:583	size	580:583	size	580:583	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	5	15	theme	mechanical	783:792	arg1	behaviour					794:802	hydrogel mechanical behaviour	774:802	hydrogel mechanical behaviour	774:802	The thermal transition was also found to tune hydrogel mechanical behaviour.
26939864	5	16	theme	hydrogel	774:781	arg1	behaviour					794:802	hydrogel mechanical behaviour	774:802	hydrogel mechanical behaviour	774:802	The thermal transition was also found to tune hydrogel mechanical behaviour.
26939864	2	17	theme	modified-cellulose	364:381	arg1	solutions					389:397	modified-cellulose water solutions	364:397	modified-cellulose water solutions	364:397	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	8	18	theme	cross-linked	1061:1072	arg1	hydrogels					1074:1082	vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels	1049:1082	vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented	1049:1099	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	5	19	theme	thermal	732:738	arg1	transition					740:749	The thermal transition	728:749	The thermal transition	728:749	The thermal transition was also found to tune hydrogel mechanical behaviour.
26939864	8	20	theme	polymeric	1348:1356	arg1	chains					1358:1363	polymeric chains	1348:1363	polymeric chains	1348:1363	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	3	21	theme	vesicles	502:509	arg1	composition					511:521	vesicles composition	502:521	vesicles composition	502:521	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were evaluated by changing either vesicles composition or the polymer hydrophobic substitution.
26939864	0	22	from	polyelectrolytes	49:64	arg1	hydrogels					18:26	Thermo-responsive hydrogels	0:26	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application	0:115	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application.
26939864	1	23	dep	polymers	219:226	arg1	fabricated					266:275	fabricated	266:275	have been fabricated	256:275	In this study, negatively charged catanionic vesicles/hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose polymers thermo-responsive hydrogels have been fabricated.
26939864	0	24	theme	Thermo-responsive	0:16	arg1	hydrogels					18:26	Thermo-responsive hydrogels	0:26	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application	0:115	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application.
26939864	7	25	theme	examined	969:976	arg1	systems					978:984	The examined systems	965:984	The examined systems	965:984	The examined systems exhibited interesting thermo-responsive characteristics.
26939864	10	26	dep	Res	1412:1414	arg1	A					1421:1421	Part A	1416:1421	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1668-1679, 2016.	1397:1445	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1668-1679, 2016.
26939864	10	26	dep	Res	1412:1414	arg1	104A					1424:1427	104A	1424:1427	104A	1424:1427	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1668-1679, 2016.
26939864	8	27	theme	different	1240:1248	arg1	environments					1250:1261	different environments	1240:1261	different environments	1240:1261	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	7	28	theme	thermo-responsive	1008:1024	arg1	characteristics					1026:1040	interesting thermo-responsive characteristics	996:1040	interesting thermo-responsive characteristics	996:1040	The examined systems exhibited interesting thermo-responsive characteristics.
26939864	8	29	from	variety	1118:1124	arg1	field					1162:1166	biomedical field	1151:1166	biomedical field	1151:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	0	30	theme	cellulose-based	33:47	arg1	polyelectrolytes					49:64	cellulose-based polyelectrolytes	33:64	cellulose-based polyelectrolytes	33:64	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application.
26939864	4	31	theme	polymer	710:716	arg1	addition					718:725	cellulose-based polymer addition	694:725	cellulose-based polymer addition	694:725	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	8	32	theme	multi-drug	1172:1181	arg1	applications					1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	32	theme	multi-drug	1172:1181	arg1	variety					1118:1124	a wide variety	1111:1124	a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field	1111:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	32	theme	multi-drug	1172:1181	arg1	systems					1192:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	6	33	theme	molecular	856:864	arg1	insights					866:873	molecular insights	856:873	molecular insights	856:873	The network formation was further assessed through molecular insights, which allow to determine the arrangement of the polymer chains on the vesicles' surface.
26939864	8	34	from	field	1162:1166	arg1	applications					1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	34	from	field	1162:1166	arg1	variety					1118:1124	a wide variety	1111:1124	a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field	1111:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	34	from	field	1162:1166	arg1	systems					1192:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	35	theme	guest	1266:1270	arg1	molecules					1272:1280	guest molecules	1266:1280	guest molecules	1266:1280	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	6	36	from	arrangement	905:915	arg1	surface					956:962	the vesicles' surface	942:962	the vesicles' surface	942:962	The network formation was further assessed through molecular insights, which allow to determine the arrangement of the polymer chains on the vesicles' surface.
26939864	8	37	theme	wide	1113:1116	arg1	applications					1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	37	theme	wide	1113:1116	arg1	variety					1118:1124	a wide variety	1111:1124	a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field	1111:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	37	theme	wide	1113:1116	arg1	systems					1192:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	3	38	theme	polymer	530:536	arg1	substitution					550:561	the polymer hydrophobic substitution	526:561	the polymer hydrophobic substitution	526:561	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were evaluated by changing either vesicles composition or the polymer hydrophobic substitution.
26939864	7	39	theme	interesting	996:1006	arg1	characteristics					1026:1040	interesting thermo-responsive characteristics	996:1040	interesting thermo-responsive characteristics	996:1040	The examined systems exhibited interesting thermo-responsive characteristics.
26939864	3	40	theme	hydrophobic	538:548	arg1	substitution					550:561	the polymer hydrophobic substitution	526:561	the polymer hydrophobic substitution	526:561	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were evaluated by changing either vesicles composition or the polymer hydrophobic substitution.
26939864	8	41	link	cross-linked	1061:1072	arg1	hydrogels					1074:1082	vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels	1049:1082	vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented	1049:1099	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	4	42	theme	hydrogel-enclosed	604:620	arg1	vesicles					622:629	hydrogel-enclosed vesicles	604:629	hydrogel-enclosed vesicles	604:629	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	8	43	from	applications	1129:1140	arg1	field					1162:1166	biomedical field	1151:1166	biomedical field	1151:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	6	44	theme	chains	932:937	arg1	arrangement					905:915	the arrangement	901:915	the arrangement of the polymer chains on the vesicles' surface	901:962	The network formation was further assessed through molecular insights, which allow to determine the arrangement of the polymer chains on the vesicles' surface.
26939864	0	45	theme	catanionic	70:79	arg1	vesicles					81:88	catanionic vesicles	70:88	catanionic vesicles	70:88	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application.
26939864	4	46	theme	cellulose-based	694:708	arg1	addition					718:725	cellulose-based polymer addition	694:725	cellulose-based polymer addition	694:725	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	8	47	theme	bulk	1294:1297	arg1	water					1299:1303	bulk water	1294:1303	bulk water	1294:1303	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	6	48	theme	polymer	924:930	arg1	chains					932:937	the polymer chains	920:937	the polymer chains	920:937	The network formation was further assessed through molecular insights, which allow to determine the arrangement of the polymer chains on the vesicles' surface.
26939864	1	49	theme	charged	144:150	arg1	catanionic					152:161	negatively charged catanionic	133:161	negatively charged catanionic	133:161	In this study, negatively charged catanionic vesicles/hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose polymers thermo-responsive hydrogels have been fabricated.
26939864	9	50	dep	©	1366:1366	arg1	Inc.					1392:1395	Inc.	1392:1395	Inc.	1392:1395	© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
26939864	8	51	theme	applications	1129:1140	arg1	applications					1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	applications	1129:1140	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	51	theme	applications	1129:1140	arg1	variety					1118:1124	a wide variety	1111:1124	a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field	1111:1166	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	8	51	theme	applications	1129:1140	arg1	systems					1192:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	multi-drug delivery systems	1172:1198	Thus, vesicularly cross-linked hydrogels herein presented can offer a wide variety of applications, i.e. in biomedical field, as multi-drug delivery systems, thanks to their ability to provide for different environments to guest molecules, comprising bulk water, vesicles' interior and bilayers, sites on polymeric chains.
26939864	2	52	theme	Vesicular	278:286	arg1	junctions					336:344	multifunctional junctions	320:344	multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions	320:397	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	2	52	theme	Vesicular	278:286	arg1	aggregates					288:297	Vesicular aggregates	278:297	Vesicular aggregates	278:297	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	0	53	theme	biomedical	94:103	arg1	application					105:115	biomedical application	94:115	biomedical application	94:115	Thermo-responsive hydrogels from cellulose-based polyelectrolytes and catanionic vesicles for biomedical application.
26939864	4	54	theme	Thermal-induced	564:578	arg1	size					580:583	size	580:583	size	580:583	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	6	55	theme	network	809:815	arg1	formation					817:825	The network formation	805:825	The network formation	805:825	The network formation was further assessed through molecular insights, which allow to determine the arrangement of the polymer chains on the vesicles' surface.
26939864	3	56	theme	hydrophobic	443:453	arg1	interactions					455:466	the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions	421:466	the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions	421:466	The contributions of the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions were evaluated by changing either vesicles composition or the polymer hydrophobic substitution.
26939864	4	57	theme	further	651:657	arg1	changes					675:681	further polygonal shape changes	651:681	further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition	651:725	Thermal-induced size and lamellarity of hydrogel-enclosed vesicles were detected, with further polygonal shape changes induced by cellulose-based polymer addition.
26939864	2	58	theme	multifunctional	320:334	arg1	junctions					336:344	multifunctional junctions	320:344	multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions	320:397	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	2	58	theme	multifunctional	320:334	arg1	aggregates					288:297	Vesicular aggregates	278:297	Vesicular aggregates	278:297	Vesicular aggregates were found to act as multifunctional junctions for networking of modified-cellulose water solutions.
26939864	1	59	theme	hydroxyethylcellulose	197:217	arg1	polymers					219:226	hydroxyethylcellulose polymers	197:226	hydroxyethylcellulose polymers thermo-responsive hydrogels have been fabricated	197:275	In this study, negatively charged catanionic vesicles/hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose polymers thermo-responsive hydrogels have been fabricated.
25672596	5	0	theme	composite	773:781	arg1	matrices					783:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices	756:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel	756:824	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	2	1	theme	controlled	354:363	arg1	release					370:376	controlled drug release	354:376	controlled drug release	354:376	Hydrogels have been extensively studied as vehicle for controlled drug release, whereas, the concept of emulgels and bigels is relatively new.
25672596	7	2	theme	Electrical	903:912	arg1	impedance					914:922	Electrical impedance	903:922	Electrical impedance	903:922	Electrical impedance and mechanical stability of the emulgel and the bigel was higher than the hydrogel.
25672596	6	3	theme	FTIR	827:830	arg1	studies					840:846	FTIR and XRD studies	827:846	FTIR and XRD studies	827:846	FTIR and XRD studies suggested higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels.
25672596	0	4	theme	comparative	86:96	arg1	study					98:102	a comparative study	84:102	a comparative study	84:102	Characterization of gelatin-agar based phase separated hydrogel, emulgel and bigel: a comparative study.
25672596	5	5	theme	internal	733:740	arg1	phases					742:747	internal phases	733:747	internal phases	733:747	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	3	6	theme	mechanical	538:547	arg1	properties					549:558	mechanical properties	538:558	mechanical properties	538:558	The formulations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and mechanical properties.
25672596	5	7	theme	phases	742:747	arg1	presence					721:728	the presence	717:728	the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel	717:824	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	7	8	theme	bigel	972:976	arg1	impedance					914:922	Electrical impedance	903:922	Electrical impedance	903:922	Electrical impedance and mechanical stability of the emulgel and the bigel was higher than the hydrogel.
25672596	7	8	theme	bigel	972:976	arg1	stability					939:947	mechanical stability	928:947	mechanical stability	928:947	Electrical impedance and mechanical stability of the emulgel and the bigel was higher than the hydrogel.
25672596	1	9	theme	agar-gelatin	166:177	arg1	co-hydrogels					185:196	agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels	166:196	agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels	166:196	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	6	10	theme	bigels	895:900	arg1	crystallinity					865:877	higher crystallinity	858:877	higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels	858:900	FTIR and XRD studies suggested higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels.
25672596	7	11	theme	emulgel	956:962	arg1	impedance					914:922	Electrical impedance	903:922	Electrical impedance	903:922	Electrical impedance and mechanical stability of the emulgel and the bigel was higher than the hydrogel.
25672596	7	11	theme	emulgel	956:962	arg1	stability					939:947	mechanical stability	928:947	mechanical stability	928:947	Electrical impedance and mechanical stability of the emulgel and the bigel was higher than the hydrogel.
25672596	1	12	theme	based	179:183	arg1	co-hydrogels					185:196	agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels	166:196	agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels	166:196	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	1	13	theme	formulations	285:296	arg1	properties					267:276	the properties	263:276	the properties of the formulations	263:296	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	8	14	theme	drug	1082:1085	arg1	applications					1096:1107	drug delivery applications	1082:1107	drug delivery applications	1082:1107	The prepared formulations were found to be biocompatible and suitable for drug delivery applications.
25672596	1	15	theme	co-hydrogels	185:196	arg1	characterization					146:161	the in-depth characterization	133:161	the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations	133:296	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	5	16	theme	bigel	820:824	arg1	matrices					783:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices	756:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel	756:824	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	0	17	theme	based	33:37	arg1	phase					39:43	gelatin-agar based phase	20:43	gelatin-agar based phase	20:43	Characterization of gelatin-agar based phase separated hydrogel, emulgel and bigel: a comparative study.
25672596	1	18	theme	emulgels	199:206	arg1	characterization					146:161	the in-depth characterization	133:161	the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations	133:296	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	2	19	theme	bigels	416:421	arg1	new					437:439	new	437:439	new	437:439	Hydrogels have been extensively studied as vehicle for controlled drug release, whereas, the concept of emulgels and bigels is relatively new.
25672596	2	19	theme	bigels	416:421	arg1	concept					392:398	the concept	388:398	the concept of emulgels and bigels	388:421	Hydrogels have been extensively studied as vehicle for controlled drug release, whereas, the concept of emulgels and bigels is relatively new.
25672596	8	20	theme	delivery	1087:1094	arg1	applications					1096:1107	drug delivery applications	1082:1107	drug delivery applications	1082:1107	The prepared formulations were found to be biocompatible and suitable for drug delivery applications.
25672596	6	21	theme	emulgels	882:889	arg1	crystallinity					865:877	higher crystallinity	858:877	higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels	858:900	FTIR and XRD studies suggested higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels.
25672596	2	22	theme	emulgels	403:410	arg1	new					437:439	new	437:439	new	437:439	Hydrogels have been extensively studied as vehicle for controlled drug release, whereas, the concept of emulgels and bigels is relatively new.
25672596	2	22	theme	emulgels	403:410	arg1	concept					392:398	the concept	388:398	the concept of emulgels and bigels	388:421	Hydrogels have been extensively studied as vehicle for controlled drug release, whereas, the concept of emulgels and bigels is relatively new.
25672596	3	23	theme	electron	490:497	arg1	microscopy					499:508	scanning electron microscopy	481:508	scanning electron microscopy	481:508	The formulations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and mechanical properties.
25672596	4	24	theme	delivery	637:644	arg1	vehicle					646:652	drug delivery vehicle	632:652	drug delivery vehicle	632:652	The biocompatibility and the ability of the formulations to be used as drug delivery vehicle were also studied.
25672596	1	25	theme	bigels	212:217	arg1	characterization					146:161	the in-depth characterization	133:161	the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations	133:296	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	0	26	theme	phase	39:43	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of gelatin-agar based phase	0:43	Characterization of gelatin-agar based phase separated hydrogel, emulgel and bigel: a comparative study.
25672596	1	27	from	differences	248:258	arg1	properties					267:276	the properties	263:276	the properties of the formulations	263:296	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	4	28	theme	drug	632:635	arg1	vehicle					646:652	drug delivery vehicle	632:652	drug delivery vehicle	632:652	The biocompatibility and the ability of the formulations to be used as drug delivery vehicle were also studied.
25672596	6	29	theme	higher	858:863	arg1	crystallinity					865:877	higher crystallinity	858:877	higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels	858:900	FTIR and XRD studies suggested higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels.
25672596	0	30	dep	separated	45:53	arg1	study					98:102	a comparative study	84:102	a comparative study	84:102	Characterization of gelatin-agar based phase separated hydrogel, emulgel and bigel: a comparative study.
25672596	3	31	theme	scanning	481:488	arg1	microscopy					499:508	scanning electron microscopy	481:508	scanning electron microscopy	481:508	The formulations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and mechanical properties.
25672596	5	32	theme	emulgel	808:814	arg1	matrices					783:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices	756:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel	756:824	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	1	33	theme	current	109:115	arg1	study					117:121	The current study	105:121	The current study	105:121	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	7	34	theme	mechanical	928:937	arg1	stability					939:947	mechanical stability	928:947	mechanical stability	928:947	Electrical impedance and mechanical stability of the emulgel and the bigel was higher than the hydrogel.
25672596	5	35	theme	scanning	677:684	arg1	micrographs					695:705	The scanning electron micrographs	673:705	The scanning electron micrographs	673:705	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	8	36	theme	prepared	1012:1019	arg1	biocompatible					1051:1063	biocompatible	1051:1063	biocompatible	1051:1063	The prepared formulations were found to be biocompatible and suitable for drug delivery applications.
25672596	8	36	theme	prepared	1012:1019	arg1	formulations					1021:1032	The prepared formulations	1008:1032	The prepared formulations	1008:1032	The prepared formulations were found to be biocompatible and suitable for drug delivery applications.
25672596	5	37	theme	co-hydrogel	795:805	arg1	matrices					783:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices	756:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel	756:824	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	4	38	theme	formulations	605:616	arg1	ability					590:596	the ability	586:596	the ability of the formulations to be used as drug delivery vehicle	586:652	The biocompatibility and the ability of the formulations to be used as drug delivery vehicle were also studied.
25672596	4	38	theme	formulations	605:616	arg1	biocompatibility					565:580	The biocompatibility	561:580	The biocompatibility	561:580	The biocompatibility and the ability of the formulations to be used as drug delivery vehicle were also studied.
25672596	5	39	theme	electron	686:693	arg1	micrographs					695:705	The scanning electron micrographs	673:705	The scanning electron micrographs	673:705	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	6	40	theme	XRD	836:838	arg1	studies					840:846	FTIR and XRD studies	827:846	FTIR and XRD studies	827:846	FTIR and XRD studies suggested higher crystallinity of emulgels and bigels.
25672596	1	41	theme	in-depth	137:144	arg1	characterization					146:161	the in-depth characterization	133:161	the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations	133:296	The current study describes the in-depth characterization of agar-gelatin based co-hydrogels, emulgels and bigels to have an insight about the differences in the properties of the formulations.
25672596	3	42	theme	FTIR	511:514	arg1	spectroscopy					516:527	FTIR spectroscopy	511:527	FTIR spectroscopy	511:527	The formulations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD and mechanical properties.
25672596	5	43	theme	agar-gelatin	760:771	arg1	matrices					783:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices	756:790	the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel	756:824	The scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of internal phases within the agar-gelatin composite matrices of co-hydrogel, emulgel and bigel.
25672596	0	44	theme	gelatin-agar	20:31	arg1	phase					39:43	gelatin-agar based phase	20:43	gelatin-agar based phase	20:43	Characterization of gelatin-agar based phase separated hydrogel, emulgel and bigel: a comparative study.
25672596	2	45	theme	drug	365:368	arg1	release					370:376	controlled drug release	354:376	controlled drug release	354:376	Hydrogels have been extensively studied as vehicle for controlled drug release, whereas, the concept of emulgels and bigels is relatively new.
25029559	10	0	theme	utilized	1205:1212	arg1	layers					1214:1219	The utilized layers	1201:1219	The utilized layers	1201:1219	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	5	1	theme	β-lactoglobulin	620:634	arg1	layers					643:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers	620:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	620:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	9	2	theme	reflectometry	1126:1138	arg1	measurements					1140:1151	neutron reflectometry measurements	1118:1151	neutron reflectometry measurements	1118:1151	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface is evidenced by neutron reflectometry measurements, where morphological information are extracted.
25029559	4	3	theme	Physicochemical	470:484	arg1	changes					486:492	Physicochemical changes	470:492	Physicochemical changes	470:492	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	6	4	theme	existing	800:807	arg1	layer					814:818	an existing β-lg layer	797:818	an existing β-lg layer	797:818	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	8	5	theme	body	987:990	arg1	temperature					992:1002	body temperature	987:1002	body temperature	987:1002	This layer thermogels at body temperature and resists hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	6	6	dep	delayed	868:874	arg1	proteolysis					856:866	the proteolysis	852:866	the proteolysis	852:866	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	5	7	theme	β-lg	637:640	arg1	layers					643:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers	620:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	620:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	7	8	theme	methylated	928:937	arg1	NCC					939:941	methylated NCC	928:941	methylated NCC	928:941	A synergistic, composite layer is formed by adding methylated NCC to the β-lg layer.
25029559	10	9	theme	functional	1340:1349	arg1	formulations					1356:1367	functional food formulations	1340:1367	functional food formulations	1340:1367	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	4	10	theme	interfacial	567:577	arg1	rheology					585:592	interfacial shear rheology	567:592	interfacial shear rheology	567:592	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	3	11	with	interface	378:386	arg1	stabilities					403:413	different stabilities	393:413	different stabilities	393:413	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	1	12	theme	Human	68:72	arg1	digestion					80:88	Human lipid digestion	68:88	Human lipid digestion	68:88	Human lipid digestion begins at the interface of oil and water by interfacial adsorption of lipases.
25029559	1	13	theme	water	125:129	arg1	interface					104:112	the interface	100:112	the interface of oil and water	100:129	Human lipid digestion begins at the interface of oil and water by interfacial adsorption of lipases.
25029559	9	14	theme	emulsifiers	1063:1073	arg1	Coexistence					1038:1048	Coexistence	1038:1048	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface	1038:1100	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface is evidenced by neutron reflectometry measurements, where morphological information are extracted.
25029559	10	15	dep	in	1292:1293	arg1	vitro					1295:1299	vitro	1295:1299	vitro	1295:1299	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	7	16	dep	synergistic	879:889	arg1	composite					892:900	composite	892:900	composite	892:900	A synergistic, composite layer is formed by adding methylated NCC to the β-lg layer.
25029559	1	17	theme	lipid	74:78	arg1	digestion					80:88	Human lipid digestion	68:88	Human lipid digestion	68:88	Human lipid digestion begins at the interface of oil and water by interfacial adsorption of lipases.
25029559	10	18	theme	food	1351:1354	arg1	formulations					1356:1367	functional food formulations	1340:1367	functional food formulations	1340:1367	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	1	19	theme	lipases	160:166	arg1	adsorption					146:155	interfacial adsorption	134:155	interfacial adsorption of lipases	134:166	Human lipid digestion begins at the interface of oil and water by interfacial adsorption of lipases.
25029559	5	20	from	acidification	674:686	arg1	weakening					607:615	the weakening	603:615	the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	603:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	20	from	acidification	674:686	arg1	hydrolysis					698:707	their hydrolysis	692:707	their hydrolysis by pepsin	692:717	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	20	from	acidification	674:686	arg1	layers					643:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers	620:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	620:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	21	from	temperature	658:668	arg1	weakening					607:615	the weakening	603:615	the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	603:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	21	from	temperature	658:668	arg1	hydrolysis					698:707	their hydrolysis	692:707	their hydrolysis by pepsin	692:717	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	21	from	temperature	658:668	arg1	layers					643:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers	620:648	β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	620:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	10	22	theme	physicochemical	1261:1275	arg1	changes					1277:1283	physicochemical changes	1261:1283	physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations	1261:1367	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	3	23	theme	gastric	427:433	arg1	environment					435:445	human gastric environment	421:445	human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin)	421:467	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	0	24	theme	interfacial	9:19	arg1	rheology					21:28	interfacial rheology	9:28	interfacial rheology	9:28	Tailored interfacial rheology for gastric stable adsorption layers.
25029559	5	25	from	weakening	607:615	arg1	acidification					674:686	acidification	674:686	acidification	674:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	25	from	weakening	607:615	arg1	temperature					658:668	body temperature	653:668	body temperature	653:668	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	2	26	theme	satiety	289:295	arg1	hormone					297:303	tailored satiety hormone	280:303	tailored satiety hormone release	280:311	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	4	27	theme	interfacial	523:533	arg1	layers					535:540	interfacial layers	523:540	interfacial layers	523:540	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	6	28	theme	cellulose	768:776	arg1	concentrations					734:747	sufficient concentrations	723:747	sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)	723:782	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	2	29	theme	tailored	280:287	arg1	hormone					297:303	tailored satiety hormone	280:303	tailored satiety hormone release	280:311	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	3	30	theme	biopolymer	339:348	arg1	layers					350:355	biopolymer layers	339:355	biopolymer layers	339:355	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	10	31	theme	changes	1277:1283	arg1	knowledge					1248:1256	knowledge	1248:1256	knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations	1248:1367	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	6	32	theme	nanocrystalline	752:766	arg1	NCC					779:781	NCC	779:781	NCC	779:781	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	6	32	theme	nanocrystalline	752:766	arg1	cellulose					768:776	nanocrystalline cellulose	752:776	nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)	752:782	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	9	33	from	interface	1092:1100	arg1	Coexistence					1038:1048	Coexistence	1038:1048	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface	1038:1100	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface is evidenced by neutron reflectometry measurements, where morphological information are extracted.
25029559	2	34	from	sensing	253:259	arg1	body					268:271	the body	264:271	the body	264:271	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	0	35	theme	stable	42:47	arg1	layers					60:65	gastric stable adsorption layers	34:65	gastric stable adsorption layers	34:65	Tailored interfacial rheology for gastric stable adsorption layers.
25029559	4	36	theme	layers	535:540	arg1	changes					486:492	Physicochemical changes	470:492	Physicochemical changes	470:492	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	4	36	theme	layers	535:540	arg1	degradation					508:518	enzymatic degradation	498:518	enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers	498:540	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	10	37	theme	in	1292:1293	arg1	digestion					1301:1309	in vitro digestion	1292:1309	in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations	1292:1367	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	0	38	theme	gastric	34:40	arg1	layers					60:65	gastric stable adsorption layers	34:65	gastric stable adsorption layers	34:65	Tailored interfacial rheology for gastric stable adsorption layers.
25029559	3	39	theme	different	393:401	arg1	stabilities					403:413	different stabilities	393:413	different stabilities	393:413	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	5	40	from	hydrolysis	698:707	arg1	acidification					674:686	acidification	674:686	acidification	674:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	40	from	hydrolysis	698:707	arg1	temperature					658:668	body temperature	653:668	body temperature	653:668	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	3	41	theme	MCT-oil/water	364:376	arg1	interface					378:386	the MCT-oil/water interface	360:386	the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities	360:413	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	5	42	theme	layers	643:648	arg1	weakening					607:615	the weakening	603:615	the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification	603:686	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	5	42	theme	layers	643:648	arg1	hydrolysis					698:707	their hydrolysis	692:707	their hydrolysis by pepsin	692:717	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	3	43	theme	human	421:425	arg1	environment					435:445	human gastric environment	421:445	human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin)	421:467	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	9	44	theme	air/water	1082:1090	arg1	interface					1092:1100	the air/water interface	1078:1100	the air/water interface	1078:1100	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface is evidenced by neutron reflectometry measurements, where morphological information are extracted.
25029559	0	45	theme	adsorption	49:58	arg1	layers					60:65	gastric stable adsorption layers	34:65	gastric stable adsorption layers	34:65	Tailored interfacial rheology for gastric stable adsorption layers.
25029559	2	46	theme	lipase	210:215	arg1	activity					217:224	lipase activity	210:224	lipase activity	210:224	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	6	47	theme	sufficient	723:732	arg1	concentrations					734:747	sufficient concentrations	723:747	sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC)	723:782	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	1	48	theme	oil	117:119	arg1	interface					104:112	the interface	100:112	the interface of oil and water	100:129	Human lipid digestion begins at the interface of oil and water by interfacial adsorption of lipases.
25029559	4	49	theme	enzymatic	498:506	arg1	degradation					508:518	enzymatic degradation	498:518	enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers	498:540	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	5	50	theme	body	653:656	arg1	temperature					658:668	body temperature	653:668	body temperature	653:668	We show the weakening of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) layers at body temperature and acidification and their hydrolysis by pepsin.
25029559	6	51	theme	β-lg	809:812	arg1	layer					814:818	an existing β-lg layer	797:818	an existing β-lg layer	797:818	If sufficient concentrations of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) are given to an existing β-lg layer, this weakening is buffered and the proteolysis delayed.
25029559	3	52	dep	environment	435:445	arg1	pH					455:456	pH 2	455:458	pH 2	455:458	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	3	52	dep	environment	435:445	arg1	pepsin					461:466	pepsin	461:466	pepsin	461:466	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	3	52	dep	environment	435:445	arg1	°C					451:452	37 °C	448:452	37 °C	448:452	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	10	53	theme	interfaces	1314:1323	arg1	digestion					1301:1309	in vitro digestion	1292:1309	in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations	1292:1367	The utilized layers and their analysis provide knowledge of physicochemical changes during in vitro digestion of interfaces, which promote functional food formulations.
25029559	7	54	theme	synergistic	879:889	arg1	layer					902:906	A synergistic, composite layer	877:906	A synergistic, composite layer	877:906	A synergistic, composite layer is formed by adding methylated NCC to the β-lg layer.
25029559	2	55	theme	surface	193:199	arg1	area					201:204	the available surface area	179:204	the available surface area for lipase activity	179:224	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	2	56	theme	lipid	247:251	arg1	sensing					253:259	specific lipid sensing	238:259	specific lipid sensing in the body	238:271	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	2	57	theme	hormone	297:303	arg1	release					305:311	tailored satiety hormone release	280:311	tailored satiety hormone release	280:311	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	9	58	theme	morphological	1160:1172	arg1	information					1174:1184	morphological information	1160:1184	morphological information	1160:1184	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface is evidenced by neutron reflectometry measurements, where morphological information are extracted.
25029559	4	59	theme	shear	579:583	arg1	rheology					585:592	interfacial shear rheology	567:592	interfacial shear rheology	567:592	Physicochemical changes and enzymatic degradation of interfacial layers were monitored online by interfacial shear rheology.
25029559	2	60	theme	available	183:191	arg1	area					201:204	the available surface area	179:204	the available surface area for lipase activity	179:224	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	2	61	theme	specific	238:245	arg1	sensing					253:259	specific lipid sensing	238:259	specific lipid sensing in the body	238:271	Tailoring the available surface area for lipase activity can lead to specific lipid sensing in the body, thus, tailored satiety hormone release.
25029559	7	62	theme	β-lg	950:953	arg1	layer					955:959	the β-lg layer	946:959	the β-lg layer	946:959	A synergistic, composite layer is formed by adding methylated NCC to the β-lg layer.
25029559	3	63	attach	present	331:337	arg1	study					322:326	this study	317:326	this study	317:326	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	3	63	attach	present	331:337	arg2	we					328:329	we	328:329	we	328:329	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	3	63	attach	present	331:337	arg1	interface					378:386	the MCT-oil/water interface	360:386	the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities	360:413	In this study we present biopolymer layers at the MCT-oil/water interface with different stabilities under human gastric environment (37 °C, pH 2, pepsin).
25029559	9	64	theme	neutron	1118:1124	arg1	measurements					1140:1151	neutron reflectometry measurements	1118:1151	neutron reflectometry measurements	1118:1151	Coexistence of these two emulsifiers at the air/water interface is evidenced by neutron reflectometry measurements, where morphological information are extracted.
25029559	1	65	theme	interfacial	134:144	arg1	adsorption					146:155	interfacial adsorption	134:155	interfacial adsorption of lipases	134:166	Human lipid digestion begins at the interface of oil and water by interfacial adsorption of lipases.
27824874	0	0	from	Repair	175:180	arg1	Model					194:198	a Rabbit Model	185:198	a Rabbit Model	185:198	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	2	1	theme	MSCs	342:345	arg1	concentration					325:337	the optimal concentration	313:337	the optimal concentration of MSCs for cartilage repair	313:366	However, the optimal concentration of MSCs for cartilage repair remains unclear.
27824874	8	2	theme	cartilage	1080:1088	arg1	tissue					1097:1102	cartilage repair tissue	1080:1102	cartilage repair tissue with better quality	1080:1122	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	9	3	theme	=	1433:1433	arg1	0.041					1435:1439	P = 0.041	1431:1439	P = 0.041	1431:1439	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	0	4	theme	Rabbit	187:192	arg1	Model					194:198	a Rabbit Model	185:198	a Rabbit Model	185:198	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	3	5	theme	optimal	528:534	arg1	concentrations					536:549	the optimal concentrations	524:549	the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model	524:579	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	9	6	theme	high	1269:1272	arg1	concentration					1279:1291	high cell concentration	1269:1291	high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml)	1269:1323	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	12	7	theme	MSC	1832:1834	arg1	concentration					1836:1848	optimal MSC concentration	1824:1848	optimal MSC concentration	1824:1848	In addition, this study shows that optimal MSC concentration needs to be determined for better cartilage repair.
27824874	10	8	theme	cells/ml	1482:1489	arg1	group					1491:1495	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group	1468:1495	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group	1468:1495	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	4	9	from	groove	642:647	arg1	rabbits					664:670	55 rabbits	661:670	55 rabbits	661:670	METHODS Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits.
27824874	8	10	theme	better	1109:1114	arg1	quality					1116:1122	better quality	1109:1122	better quality	1109:1122	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	9	11	theme	=	1444:1444	arg1	P					1442:1442	P = 0.699	1442:1450	P = 0.699	1442:1450	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	4	12	theme	femur	652:656	arg1	groove					642:647	the trochlear groove	628:647	the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits	628:670	METHODS Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits.
27824874	3	13	theme	MSCs	558:561	arg1	concentrations					536:549	the optimal concentrations	524:549	the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model	524:579	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	9	14	theme	hUCB-MSCs	1296:1304	arg1	concentration					1279:1291	high cell concentration	1269:1291	high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml)	1269:1323	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	11	15	theme	cartilage	1771:1779	arg1	repair					1781:1786	cartilage repair	1771:1786	cartilage repair	1771:1786	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	9	16	from	inferior	1329:1336	arg1	repair					1413:1418	cartilage repair	1403:1418	cartilage repair	1403:1418	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	5	17	theme	experimental	678:689	arg1	groups					691:696	Four experimental groups	673:696	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group)	673:715	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	17	theme	experimental	678:689	arg1	rabbits/group					702:714	11 rabbits/group	699:714	11 rabbits/group	699:714	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	10	18	theme	highest	1508:1514	arg1	score					1533:1537	the highest cartilage repair score	1504:1537	the highest cartilage repair score	1504:1537	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	1	19	theme	BACKGROUND	201:210	arg1	MSCs					236:239	MSCs	236:239	MSCs	236:239	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	1	19	theme	BACKGROUND	201:210	arg1	cells					229:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells	201:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)	201:240	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	0	20	theme	Acid	138:141	arg1	Hydrogel					143:150	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	127:150	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	127:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	5	21	theme	various	786:792	arg1	concentrations					799:812	various MSCs concentrations	786:812	various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml)	786:852	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	21	theme	various	786:792	arg1	cells/ml					844:851	0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml	815:851	0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml	815:851	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	1	22	theme	stem	224:227	arg1	MSCs					236:239	MSCs	236:239	MSCs	236:239	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	1	22	theme	stem	224:227	arg1	cells					229:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells	201:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)	201:240	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	7	23	theme	cartilage	951:959	arg1	repair					961:966	cartilage repair	951:966	cartilage repair	951:966	At 4, 8, and 16 weeks post-transplantation, the degree of cartilage repair was evaluated grossly and histologically.
27824874	6	24	theme	control	859:865	arg1	group					867:871	One control group	855:871	One control group	855:871	One control group was left untreated.
27824874	3	25	link	blood-derived	476:488	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	3	25	link	blood-derived	476:488	arg1	MSCs					490:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	455:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs)	455:505	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	0	26	theme	Cartilage	165:173	arg1	Repair					175:180	Articular Cartilage Repair	155:180	Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model	155:198	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	4	27	dep	METHODS	582:588	arg1	created					617:623	created	617:623	were created in the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits	612:670	METHODS Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits.
27824874	9	28	theme	low	1341:1343	arg1	concentrations					1350:1363	low cell concentrations	1341:1363	low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml)	1341:1398	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	9	28	theme	low	1341:1343	arg1	cells/ml					1390:1397	0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml	1366:1397	0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml	1366:1397	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	3	29	from	MSCs	558:561	arg1	model					575:579	a rabbit model	566:579	a rabbit model	566:579	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	5	30	theme	MSCs	794:797	arg1	concentrations					799:812	various MSCs concentrations	786:812	various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml)	786:852	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	30	theme	MSCs	794:797	arg1	cells/ml					844:851	0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml	815:851	0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml	815:851	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	0	31	theme	Umbilical	71:79	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	32	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	Repair					175:180	Articular Cartilage Repair	155:180	Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model	155:198	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	33	theme	Blood-Derived	86:98	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	34	theme	Stem	112:115	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	1	35	theme	therapeutic	260:270	arg1	potential					272:280	therapeutic potential	260:280	therapeutic potential	260:280	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	10	36	dep	cell/ml	1634:1640	arg1	107					1630:1632	107	1630:1632	107	1630:1632	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	10	36	dep	cell/ml	1634:1640	arg1	1.0					1624:1626	1.0	1624:1626	1.0	1624:1626	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	8	37	dep	transplantation	1149:1163	arg1	=					1222:1222	=	1222:1222	=	1222:1222	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	0	38	theme	Transplanting	10:22	arg1	Concentrations					32:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations	10:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	10:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	12	39	theme	cartilage	1884:1892	arg1	repair					1894:1899	better cartilage repair	1877:1899	better cartilage repair	1877:1899	In addition, this study shows that optimal MSC concentration needs to be determined for better cartilage repair.
27824874	3	40	from	model	575:579	arg1	concentrations					536:549	the optimal concentrations	524:549	the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model	524:579	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	3	41	theme	cartilage	435:443	arg1	repair					445:450	cartilage repair	435:450	cartilage repair	435:450	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	0	42	theme	Concentrations	32:45	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.	0:199	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	3	43	theme	blood-derived	476:488	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	3	43	theme	blood-derived	476:488	arg1	MSCs					490:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	455:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs)	455:505	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	10	44	theme	cells/ml	1606:1613	arg1	group					1615:1619	0.1x107 cells/ml group	1598:1619	0.1x107 cells/ml group	1598:1619	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	2	45	theme	optimal	317:323	arg1	concentration					325:337	the optimal concentration	313:337	the optimal concentration of MSCs for cartilage repair	313:366	However, the optimal concentration of MSCs for cartilage repair remains unclear.
27824874	8	46	theme	transplanting	1028:1040	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					1042:1050	hUCB-MSCs	1042:1050	hUCB-MSCs	1042:1050	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	12	47	theme	optimal	1824:1830	arg1	concentration					1836:1848	optimal MSC concentration	1824:1848	optimal MSC concentration	1824:1848	In addition, this study shows that optimal MSC concentration needs to be determined for better cartilage repair.
27824874	5	48	theme	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					764:772	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	48	theme	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	arg1	composite					751:759	the composite	747:759	the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA	747:779	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	48	theme	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	arg1	HA					778:779	HA	778:779	HA	778:779	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	11	49	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1649:1659	arg1	suggest					1687:1693	suggest	1687:1693	suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair	1687:1786	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	4	50	theme	Osteochondral	590:602	arg1	defects					604:610	Osteochondral defects	590:610	Osteochondral defects	590:610	METHODS Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits.
27824874	9	51	theme	P	1431:1431	arg1	0.041					1435:1439	P = 0.041	1431:1439	P = 0.041	1431:1439	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	11	52	theme	composite	1723:1731	arg1	transplantation					1700:1714	transplantation	1700:1714	transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA	1700:1751	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	8	53	from	=	1222:1222	arg1	cells/ml					1243:1250	1.5 x 107 cells/ml	1233:1250	1.5 x 107 cells/ml	1233:1250	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	8	54	from	cells/ml	1243:1250	arg1	=					1222:1222	=	1222:1222	=	1222:1222	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	9	55	theme	cell	1274:1277	arg1	concentration					1279:1291	high cell concentration	1269:1291	high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml)	1269:1323	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	8	56	theme	repair	1090:1095	arg1	tissue					1097:1102	cartilage repair tissue	1080:1102	cartilage repair tissue with better quality	1080:1122	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	4	57	theme	trochlear	632:640	arg1	groove					642:647	the trochlear groove	628:647	the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits	628:670	METHODS Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of femur in 55 rabbits.
27824874	11	58	theme	HA	1750:1751	arg1	composite					1723:1731	the composite	1719:1731	the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA	1719:1751	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	11	58	theme	HA	1750:1751	arg1	HA					1750:1751	HA	1750:1751	HA	1750:1751	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	11	58	theme	HA	1750:1751	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					1736:1744	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	0	59	theme	Hyaluronic	127:136	arg1	Hydrogel					143:150	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	127:150	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	127:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	10	60	theme	cartilage	1516:1524	arg1	score					1533:1537	the highest cartilage repair score	1504:1537	the highest cartilage repair score	1504:1537	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	10	61	theme	repair	1526:1531	arg1	score					1533:1537	the highest cartilage repair score	1504:1537	the highest cartilage repair score	1504:1537	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	7	62	theme	repair	961:966	arg1	degree					941:946	the degree	937:946	the degree of cartilage repair	937:966	At 4, 8, and 16 weeks post-transplantation, the degree of cartilage repair was evaluated grossly and histologically.
27824874	3	63	theme	rabbit	568:573	arg1	model					575:579	a rabbit model	566:579	a rabbit model	566:579	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	8	64	dep	=	1222:1222	arg1	P					1202:1202	P	1202:1202	P = 0.004 in 1.0	1202:1217	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	8	64	dep	=	1222:1222	arg1	P					1166:1166	P	1166:1166	P = 0.015 in 0.1	1166:1181	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	8	64	dep	=	1222:1222	arg1	P					1184:1184	P	1184:1184	P = 0.004 in 0.5	1184:1199	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	1	65	theme	Mesenchymal	212:222	arg1	MSCs					236:239	MSCs	236:239	MSCs	236:239	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	1	65	theme	Mesenchymal	212:222	arg1	cells					229:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells	201:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)	201:240	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	9	66	dep	P	1421:1421	arg1	P					1442:1442	P = 0.699	1442:1450	P = 0.699	1442:1450	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	9	66	dep	P	1421:1421	arg1	0.041					1435:1439	P = 0.041	1431:1439	P = 0.041	1431:1439	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	0	67	theme	Articular	155:163	arg1	Repair					175:180	Articular Cartilage Repair	155:180	Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model	155:198	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	3	68	from	concentrations	536:549	arg1	model					575:579	a rabbit model	566:579	a rabbit model	566:579	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	1	69	contain	have	255:258	arg1	MSCs					236:239	MSCs	236:239	MSCs	236:239	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	1	69	contain	have	255:258	arg1	cells					229:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells	201:233	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)	201:240	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	1	69	contain	have	255:258	arg2	potential					272:280	therapeutic potential	260:280	therapeutic potential	260:280	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	7	70	theme	weeks	909:913	arg1	post-transplantation					915:934	4, 8, and 16 weeks post-transplantation	896:934	4, 8, and 16 weeks post-transplantation	896:934	At 4, 8, and 16 weeks post-transplantation, the degree of cartilage repair was evaluated grossly and histologically.
27824874	11	71	theme	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	arg1	composite					1723:1731	the composite	1719:1731	the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA	1719:1751	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	11	71	theme	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	arg1	HA					1750:1751	HA	1750:1751	HA	1750:1751	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	11	71	theme	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					1736:1744	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	hUCB-MSCs	1736:1744	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	3	72	theme	umbilical	461:469	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	3	72	theme	umbilical	461:469	arg1	MSCs					490:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	455:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs)	455:505	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	0	73	theme	Human	65:69	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	11	74	theme	study	1681:1685	arg1	results					1665:1671	The results	1661:1671	The results of this study	1661:1685	CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that transplantation of the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA is beneficial for cartilage repair.
27824874	9	75	theme	cell	1345:1348	arg1	concentrations					1350:1363	low cell concentrations	1341:1363	low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml)	1341:1398	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	9	75	theme	cell	1345:1348	arg1	cells/ml					1390:1397	0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml	1366:1397	0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml	1366:1397	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	0	76	theme	Cord	81:84	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	77	theme	Mesenchymal	100:110	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	78	theme	Cells	117:121	arg1	Cells					117:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	65:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	78	theme	Cells	117:121	arg1	Hydrogel					143:150	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	127:150	Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	127:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	0	78	theme	Cells	117:121	arg1	Composite					52:60	a Composite	50:60	a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells	50:121	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	8	79	with	tissue	1097:1102	arg1	quality					1116:1122	better quality	1109:1122	better quality	1109:1122	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	9	80	dep	inferior	1329:1336	arg1	P					1421:1421	P = 0.394	1421:1429	P = 0.394	1421:1429	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	5	81	theme	HA	778:779	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					764:772	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	hUCB-MSCs	764:772	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	81	theme	HA	778:779	arg1	composite					751:759	the composite	747:759	the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA	747:779	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	5	81	theme	HA	778:779	arg1	HA					778:779	HA	778:779	HA	778:779	Four experimental groups (11 rabbits/group) were treated by transplanting the composite of hUCB-MSCs and HA with various MSCs concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	0	82	theme	Hydrogel	143:150	arg1	Concentrations					32:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations	10:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	10:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	10	83	dep	group	1642:1646	arg1	cell/ml					1634:1640	cell/ml	1634:1640	cell/ml	1634:1640	The 0.5 x 107 cells/ml group showed the highest cartilage repair score at 4, 8 and 16 weeks post transplantation, and followed by 0.1x107 cells/ml group or 1.0 x 107 cell/ml group.
27824874	0	84	theme	Various	24:30	arg1	Concentrations					32:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations	10:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	10:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	9	85	from	repair	1413:1418	arg1	inferior					1329:1336	inferior	1329:1336	inferior	1329:1336	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	3	86	theme	human	455:459	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	3	86	theme	human	455:459	arg1	MSCs					490:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	455:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs)	455:505	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	1	87	theme	cartilage	286:294	arg1	repair					296:301	cartilage repair	286:301	cartilage repair	286:301	BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to have therapeutic potential for cartilage repair.
27824874	12	88	theme	better	1877:1882	arg1	repair					1894:1899	better cartilage repair	1877:1899	better cartilage repair	1877:1899	In addition, this study shows that optimal MSC concentration needs to be determined for better cartilage repair.
27824874	3	89	theme	repair	445:450	arg1	feasibility					420:430	the feasibility	416:430	the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs)	416:505	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	0	90	theme	Composite	52:60	arg1	Concentrations					32:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations	10:45	Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel	10:150	Effect of Transplanting Various Concentrations of a Composite of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel on Articular Cartilage Repair in a Rabbit Model.
27824874	9	91	theme	cartilage	1403:1411	arg1	repair					1413:1418	cartilage repair	1403:1418	cartilage repair	1403:1418	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	3	92	theme	cord	471:474	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	hUCB-MSCs	496:504	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	3	92	theme	cord	471:474	arg1	MSCs					490:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	455:493	human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs)	455:505	Therefore, we aimed to explore the feasibility of cartilage repair by human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) and to determine the optimal concentrations of the MSCs in a rabbit model.
27824874	8	93	theme	HA	1056:1057	arg1	hydrogel					1059:1066	HA hydrogel	1056:1066	HA hydrogel	1056:1066	FINDINGS Overall, transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA hydrogel resulted in cartilage repair tissue with better quality than the control without transplantation (P = 0.015 in 0.1, P = 0.004 in 0.5, P = 0.004 in 1.0, P = 0.132 in 1.5 x 107 cells/ml).
27824874	9	94	theme	=	1423:1423	arg1	P					1421:1421	P = 0.394	1421:1429	P = 0.394	1421:1429	Interestingly, high cell concentration of hUCB-MSCs (1.5×107 cells/ml) was inferior to low cell concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 x 107 cells/ml) in cartilage repair (P = 0.394,P = 0.041, P = 0.699, respectively).
27824874	2	95	theme	cartilage	351:359	arg1	repair					361:366	cartilage repair	351:366	cartilage repair	351:366	However, the optimal concentration of MSCs for cartilage repair remains unclear.
27120646	0	0	theme	silver	94:99	arg1	nanoparticles					101:113	silver nanoparticles	94:113	silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties	94:198	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	4	1	theme	carbamazepine	976:988	arg1	ibuprofen					992:1000	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	3	2	from	°C	795:796	arg1	·MPa					844:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	3	2	from	°C	795:796	arg1	permeability					814:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	2	3	theme	cut-off	763:769	arg1	Da					785:786	about 941 Da	775:786	about 941 Da	775:786	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	2	3	theme	cut-off	763:769	arg1	weight					756:761	the molecular weight cut-off	742:769	the molecular weight cut-off	742:769	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	6	4	theme	HTCC-Ag/PES	1335:1345	arg1	membranes					1347:1355	HTCC-Ag/PES membranes	1335:1355	HTCC-Ag/PES membranes	1335:1355	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	4	5	theme	pharmaceuticals	891:905	arg1	rejection					878:886	the rejection	874:886	the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)	874:940	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	2	6	theme	photoelectron	585:597	arg1	spectroscopy					599:610	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	579:610	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	579:610	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	2	7	theme	X-ray	642:646	arg1	diffraction					648:658	X-ray diffraction	642:658	X-ray diffraction	642:658	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	6	8	dep	E.	1379:1380	arg1	coli					1382:1385	E. coli Rosetta	1379:1393	E. coli Rosetta	1379:1393	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	6	8	dep	E.	1379:1380	arg1	Rosetta					1387:1393	Rosetta	1387:1393	Rosetta	1387:1393	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	1	9	theme	HTCC	289:292	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	9	theme	HTCC	289:292	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	4	10	theme	care	920:923	arg1	products					925:932	personal care products	911:932	personal care products (PPCPs)	911:940	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	4	10	theme	care	920:923	arg1	PPCPs					935:939	PPCPs	935:939	PPCPs	935:939	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	5	11	dep	Bacillus	1283:1290	arg1	subtilis					1292:1299	subtilis	1292:1299	subtilis	1292:1299	The antibacterial properties of the membranes were compared to elucidate the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis.
27120646	4	12	theme	personal	911:918	arg1	products					925:932	personal care products	911:932	personal care products (PPCPs)	911:940	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	4	12	theme	personal	911:918	arg1	PPCPs					935:939	PPCPs	935:939	PPCPs	935:939	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	3	13	theme	L/h·m	836:840	arg1	·MPa					844:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	3	13	theme	L/h·m	836:840	arg1	permeability					814:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	2	14	theme	election	558:565	arg1	microscopy					567:576	Scanning election microscopy	549:576	Scanning election microscopy	549:576	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	1	15	theme	active	390:395	arg1	layer					397:401	the active layer	386:401	the active layer	386:401	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	15	theme	active	390:395	arg1	support					426:432	the support	422:432	the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components	422:546	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	15	theme	active	390:395	arg1	HTCC					404:407	HTCC	404:407	HTCC	404:407	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	2	16	theme	molecular	746:754	arg1	Da					785:786	about 941 Da	775:786	about 941 Da	775:786	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	2	16	theme	molecular	746:754	arg1	weight					756:761	the molecular weight cut-off	742:769	the molecular weight cut-off	742:769	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	1	17	theme	cross-linking	465:477	arg1	reagent					479:485	the cross-linking reagent	461:485	the cross-linking reagent	461:485	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	0	18	dep	pharmaceuticals	119:133	arg1	rejection					161:169	product rejection	153:169	product rejection	153:169	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	0	18	dep	pharmaceuticals	119:133	arg1	properties					189:198	antibacterial properties	175:198	antibacterial properties	175:198	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	1	19	theme	-Ag/polyethersulfone	294:313	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	19	theme	-Ag/polyethersulfone	294:313	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	2	20	theme	Scanning	549:556	arg1	microscopy					567:576	Scanning election microscopy	549:576	Scanning election microscopy	549:576	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	7	21	contain	has	1503:1505	arg1	membrane					1494:1501	HTCC-Ag/PES membrane	1482:1501	HTCC-Ag/PES membrane	1482:1501	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	7	21	contain	has	1503:1505	arg2	activity					1530:1537	a better antibacterial activity	1507:1537	a better antibacterial activity against E. coli	1507:1553	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	1	22	theme	novel	203:207	arg1	N-[					228:230	A novel positively charged N-[	201:230	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	4	23	theme	>	974:974	arg1	carbamazepine					976:988	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine	951:988	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	1	24	theme	nano-Ag	491:497	arg1	particles					499:507	nano-Ag particles	491:507	nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components	491:546	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	2	25	theme	membranes	722:730	arg1	Da					785:786	about 941 Da	775:786	about 941 Da	775:786	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	2	25	theme	membranes	722:730	arg1	weight					756:761	the molecular weight cut-off	742:769	the molecular weight cut-off	742:769	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	2	25	theme	membranes	722:730	arg1	morphology					694:703	the morphology	690:703	the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da	690:786	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	1	26	theme	charged	220:226	arg1	N-[					228:230	A novel positively charged N-[	201:230	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	0	27	theme	novel	17:21	arg1	nanofiltration					42:55	a novel positively charged nanofiltration	15:55	a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	15:74	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	1	28	theme	PES	316:318	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	28	theme	PES	316:318	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	4	29	theme	products	925:932	arg1	rejection					878:886	the rejection	874:886	the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)	874:940	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	2	30	theme	resultant	712:720	arg1	membranes					722:730	the resultant membranes	708:730	the resultant membranes	708:730	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	5	31	theme	Ag	1148:1149	arg1	nanoparticles					1151:1163	Ag nanoparticles	1148:1163	Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis	1148:1299	The antibacterial properties of the membranes were compared to elucidate the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis.
27120646	1	32	theme	N-[	228:230	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	32	theme	N-[	228:230	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	5	33	theme	antibacterial	1187:1199	arg1	activity					1201:1208	antibacterial activity	1187:1208	antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis	1187:1299	The antibacterial properties of the membranes were compared to elucidate the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis.
27120646	0	34	theme	personal	139:146	arg1	care					148:151	personal care	139:151	personal care	139:151	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	5	35	theme	antibacterial	1062:1074	arg1	properties					1076:1085	The antibacterial properties	1058:1085	The antibacterial properties of the membranes	1058:1102	The antibacterial properties of the membranes were compared to elucidate the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis.
27120646	0	36	theme	charged	34:40	arg1	nanofiltration					42:55	a novel positively charged nanofiltration	15:55	a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	15:74	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	1	37	theme	composite	321:329	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	37	theme	composite	321:329	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	2	38	theme	X-ray	579:583	arg1	spectroscopy					599:610	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	579:610	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	579:610	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	6	39	theme	inhibition	1306:1315	arg1	diameters					1322:1330	The inhibition zone diameters	1302:1330	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis	1302:1415	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	6	39	theme	inhibition	1306:1315	arg1	mm					1446:1447	17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm	1422:1447	17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm	1422:1447	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	7	40	theme	HTCC-Ag/PES	1482:1492	arg1	membrane					1494:1501	HTCC-Ag/PES membrane	1482:1501	HTCC-Ag/PES membrane	1482:1501	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	4	41	theme	>	990:990	arg1	ibuprofen					992:1000	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	1	42	theme	nanofiltration	331:344	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	42	theme	nanofiltration	331:344	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	0	43	theme	product	153:159	arg1	rejection					161:169	product rejection	153:169	product rejection	153:169	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	7	44	theme	antibacterial	1516:1528	arg1	activity					1530:1537	a better antibacterial activity	1507:1537	a better antibacterial activity against E. coli	1507:1553	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	3	45	theme	water	808:812	arg1	·MPa					844:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	3	45	theme	water	808:812	arg1	permeability					814:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	0	46	theme	composite	57:65	arg1	membrane					67:74	a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	15:74	a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	15:74	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	3	47	theme	pure	803:806	arg1	·MPa					844:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	3	47	theme	pure	803:806	arg1	permeability					814:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	0	48	theme	antibacterial	175:187	arg1	properties					189:198	antibacterial properties	175:198	antibacterial properties	175:198	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	1	49	theme	introduced	516:525	arg1	components					537:546	the introduced inorganic components	512:546	the introduced inorganic components	512:546	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	0	50	theme	nanofiltration	42:55	arg1	membrane					67:74	a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	15:74	a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	15:74	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	7	51	theme	E.	1602:1603	arg1	DH5α					1610:1613	E. coli DH5α	1602:1613	E. coli DH5α	1602:1613	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	2	52	theme	force	620:624	arg1	microscopy					626:635	atomic force microscopy	613:635	atomic force microscopy	613:635	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	5	53	theme	membranes	1094:1102	arg1	properties					1076:1085	The antibacterial properties	1058:1085	The antibacterial properties of the membranes	1058:1102	The antibacterial properties of the membranes were compared to elucidate the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis.
27120646	1	54	theme	inorganic	527:535	arg1	components					537:546	the introduced inorganic components	512:546	the introduced inorganic components	512:546	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	4	55	theme	sequence	955:962	arg1	carbamazepine					976:988	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine	951:988	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	7	56	theme	coli	1605:1608	arg1	DH5α					1610:1613	E. coli DH5α	1602:1613	E. coli DH5α	1602:1613	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	2	57	theme	atomic	613:618	arg1	microscopy					626:635	atomic force microscopy	613:635	atomic force microscopy	613:635	Scanning election microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology of the resultant membranes, of which the molecular weight cut-off was about 941 Da.
27120646	7	58	theme	better	1509:1514	arg1	activity					1530:1537	a better antibacterial activity	1507:1537	a better antibacterial activity against E. coli	1507:1553	It was found that HTCC-Ag/PES membrane has a better antibacterial activity against E. coli than against Bacillus subtilis, especially for E. coli DH5α.
27120646	6	59	theme	membranes	1347:1355	arg1	diameters					1322:1330	The inhibition zone diameters	1302:1330	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis	1302:1415	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	6	59	theme	membranes	1347:1355	arg1	mm					1446:1447	17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm	1422:1447	17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm	1422:1447	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	1	60	theme	propyl	262:267	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	60	theme	propyl	262:267	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	6	61	theme	zone	1317:1320	arg1	diameters					1322:1330	The inhibition zone diameters	1302:1330	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis	1302:1415	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	6	61	theme	zone	1317:1320	arg1	mm					1446:1447	17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm	1422:1447	17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm	1422:1447	The inhibition zone diameters of HTCC-Ag/PES membranes towards E. coli DH5α, E. coli Rosetta and Bacillus subtilis were 17.77, 16.18, and 15.44 mm, respectively.
27120646	3	62	theme	16.27	830:834	arg1	·MPa					844:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa	830:847	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	3	62	theme	16.27	830:834	arg1	permeability					814:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	the pure water permeability	799:825	At 25 °C, the pure water permeability is 16.27 L/h·m(2)·MPa.
27120646	4	63	theme	atenolol	965:972	arg1	carbamazepine					976:988	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine	951:988	the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen	951:1000	Our results showed that the rejection of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) followed the sequence: atenolol > carbamazepine > ibuprofen, confirming that the membranes were positively charged.
27120646	1	64	theme	chloride	270:277	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	64	theme	chloride	270:277	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	0	65	theme	membrane	67:74	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane	0:74	Preparation of a novel positively charged nanofiltration composite membrane incorporated with silver nanoparticles for pharmaceuticals and personal care product rejection and antibacterial properties.
27120646	5	66	theme	nanoparticles	1151:1163	arg1	existence					1135:1143	the existence	1131:1143	the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis	1131:1299	The antibacterial properties of the membranes were compared to elucidate the existence of Ag nanoparticles which help to improve antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (DH5α, Rosetta) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis.
27120646	1	67	theme	chitosan	279:286	arg1	membrane					346:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane	201:353	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
27120646	1	67	theme	chitosan	279:286	arg1	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium					232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium	232:260	A novel positively charged N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chloride chitosan (HTCC)-Ag/polyethersulfone (PES) composite nanofiltration membrane was easily prepared by coating the active layer, HTCC, onto PES as the support through epichlorohydrin as the cross-linking reagent and nano-Ag particles as the introduced inorganic components.
25312848	4	0	theme	sorted	856:861	arg1	CD45					863:866	the sorted CD45	852:866	the sorted CD45	852:866	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	0	1	theme	non-stem	186:193	arg1	cells					202:206	their counterpart non-stem cancer cells	168:206	their counterpart non-stem cancer cells	168:206	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	6	2	theme	electrospray	1314:1325	arg1	spectrometry					1350:1361	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	1314:1361	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis	1314:1370	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	8	3	theme	CSCs	1714:1717	arg1	compositions					1698:1709	The lipid compositions	1688:1709	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens	1688:1795	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens were successfully characterized by this method.
25312848	7	4	theme	complex	1643:1649	arg1	combination					1651:1661	a complex combination	1641:1661	a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1641:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	2	5	used	used	314:317	arg2	spectrometry					279:290	Imaging mass spectrometry	266:290	Imaging mass spectrometry	266:290	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	3	6	theme	breast	737:742	arg1	CSCs					763:766	CSCs	763:766	CSCs	763:766	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	6	theme	breast	737:742	arg1	cells					756:760	breast cancer stem cells	737:760	breast cancer stem cells (CSCs)	737:767	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	7	theme	time-of-flight	563:576	arg1	TOF-SIMS					611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	7	theme	time-of-flight	563:576	arg1	spectrometry					597:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	563:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	563:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	6	8	theme	liquid	1284:1289	arg1	chromatography					1291:1304	liquid chromatography	1284:1304	liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs	1284:1509	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	6	9	from	abundant	1473:1480	arg1	CSCs					1485:1488	CSCs	1485:1488	CSCs	1485:1488	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	8	10	theme	cellular	1754:1761	arg1	populations					1763:1773	the heterogeneous cellular populations	1736:1773	the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens	1736:1795	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens were successfully characterized by this method.
25312848	2	11	theme	membranous	332:341	arg1	lipids					343:348	membranous lipids	332:348	membranous lipids in clinical specimens	332:370	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	6	12	from	CSCs	1485:1488	arg1	abundant					1473:1480	abundant	1473:1480	abundant	1473:1480	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	3	13	theme	stem	751:754	arg1	CSCs					763:766	CSCs	763:766	CSCs	763:766	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	13	theme	stem	751:754	arg1	cells					756:760	breast cancer stem cells	737:760	breast cancer stem cells (CSCs)	737:767	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	14	theme	ion	588:590	arg1	TOF-SIMS					611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	14	theme	ion	588:590	arg1	spectrometry					597:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	563:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	563:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	8	15	theme	specimens	1787:1795	arg1	populations					1763:1773	the heterogeneous cellular populations	1736:1773	the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens	1736:1795	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens were successfully characterized by this method.
25312848	1	16	theme	primary	229:235	arg1	component					237:245	the primary component	225:245	the primary component of cell membranes	225:263	Lipids comprise the primary component of cell membranes.
25312848	2	17	theme	mass	274:277	arg1	spectrometry					279:290	Imaging mass spectrometry	266:290	Imaging mass spectrometry	266:290	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	7	18	theme	composition	1568:1578	arg1	analysis					1580:1587	lipid composition analysis	1562:1587	lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1562:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	0	19	theme	human	72:76	arg1	cells					97:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	5	20	theme	Integrated	1044:1053	arg1	intensity					1059:1067	Integrated ion intensity	1044:1067	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals	1044:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	3	21	theme	individual	633:642	arg1	cells					644:648	individual cells	633:648	individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	633:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	0	22	theme	cancer	85:90	arg1	cells					97:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	2	23	from	lipids	343:348	arg1	specimens					362:370	clinical specimens	353:370	clinical specimens	353:370	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	4	24	theme	membranous	946:955	arg1	phospholipids					957:969	membranous phospholipids	946:969	membranous phospholipids	946:969	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	2	25	theme	abnormal	398:405	arg1	metabolism					413:422	abnormal lipid metabolism	398:422	abnormal lipid metabolism	398:422	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	0	26	theme	Single-cell	0:10	arg1	spectrometry					46:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	3	27	theme	cell	483:486	arg1	populations					488:498	cell populations	483:498	cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues	483:547	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	0	28	theme	secondary	27:35	arg1	spectrometry					46:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	3	29	theme	cell	683:686	arg1	FACS					697:700	FACS	697:700	FACS	697:700	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	29	theme	cell	683:686	arg1	sorting					688:694	fluorescence activated cell sorting	660:694	fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	660:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	4	30	theme	fatty	825:829	arg1	species					841:847	four fatty acid (FA) species	820:847	four fatty acid (FA) species	820:847	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	0	31	theme	mass	41:44	arg1	spectrometry					46:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	5	32	theme	palmitoleic	1072:1082	arg1	[FA					1090:1092	palmitoleic acids [FA	1072:1092	palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals	1072:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	32	theme	palmitoleic	1072:1082	arg1	16:1					1094:1097	16:1	1094:1097	16:1	1094:1097	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	3	33	theme	fluorescence	660:671	arg1	FACS					697:700	FACS	697:700	FACS	697:700	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	33	theme	fluorescence	660:671	arg1	sorting					688:694	fluorescence activated cell sorting	660:694	fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	660:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	5	34	theme	[FA	1090:1092	arg1	intensity					1059:1067	Integrated ion intensity	1044:1067	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals	1044:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	4	35	theme	phosphoric	799:808	arg1	acids					810:814	phosphoric acids	799:814	phosphoric acids	799:814	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	0	36	contain	have	103:106	arg2	content					128:134	significantly lower content	108:134	significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid	108:154	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	0	36	contain	have	103:106	arg1	cells					97:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	2	37	theme	clinical	353:360	arg1	specimens					362:370	clinical specimens	353:370	clinical specimens	353:370	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	7	38	theme	cell-surface	1666:1677	arg1	markers					1679:1685	cell-surface markers	1666:1685	cell-surface markers	1666:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	6	39	theme	spectrometry	1350:1361	arg1	analysis					1363:1370	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis	1314:1370	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis	1314:1370	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	1	40	theme	cell	250:253	arg1	membranes					255:263	cell membranes	250:263	cell membranes	250:263	Lipids comprise the primary component of cell membranes.
25312848	7	41	theme	combination	1651:1661	arg1	expression					1627:1636	the expression	1623:1636	the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1623:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	0	42	theme	cancer	195:200	arg1	cells					202:206	their counterpart non-stem cancer cells	168:206	their counterpart non-stem cancer cells	168:206	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	5	43	theme	cancer	1232:1237	arg1	NSCCs					1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	43	theme	cancer	1232:1237	arg1	cells					1239:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells	1199:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs)	1199:1251	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	6	44	theme	ionization-tandem	1327:1343	arg1	spectrometry					1350:1361	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	1314:1361	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis	1314:1370	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	3	45	from	localized	528:536	arg1	tissues					541:547	tissues	541:547	tissues	541:547	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	5	46	theme	acid	1126:1129	arg1	signals					1131:1137	phosphoric acid signals	1115:1137	phosphoric acid signals	1115:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	4	47	theme	CD45	863:866	arg1	CSCs					887:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	3	48	theme	cancer	744:749	arg1	CSCs					763:766	CSCs	763:766	CSCs	763:766	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	48	theme	cancer	744:749	arg1	cells					756:760	breast cancer stem cells	737:760	breast cancer stem cells (CSCs)	737:767	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	8	49	theme	heterogeneous	1740:1752	arg1	populations					1763:1773	the heterogeneous cellular populations	1736:1773	the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens	1736:1795	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens were successfully characterized by this method.
25312848	3	50	from	tissues	541:547	arg1	localized					528:536	localized	528:536	localized	528:536	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	4	51	theme	FA	837:838	arg1	species					841:847	four fatty acid (FA) species	820:847	four fatty acid (FA) species	820:847	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	3	52	theme	mass	592:595	arg1	TOF-SIMS					611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	52	theme	mass	592:595	arg1	spectrometry					597:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	563:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	563:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	7	53	theme	cells	1603:1607	arg1	analysis					1580:1587	lipid composition analysis	1562:1587	lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1562:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	8	54	theme	clinical	1778:1785	arg1	specimens					1787:1795	clinical specimens	1778:1795	clinical specimens	1778:1795	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens were successfully characterized by this method.
25312848	3	55	theme	secondary	578:586	arg1	TOF-SIMS					611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	TOF-SIMS	611:618	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	55	theme	secondary	578:586	arg1	spectrometry					597:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	563:608	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	563:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	56	theme	spectrometry	597:608	arg1	analyses					621:628	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses	563:628	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	563:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	0	57	theme	acid	151:154	arg1	content					128:134	significantly lower content	108:134	significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid	108:154	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	4	58	theme	/CD24	878:882	arg1	CSCs					887:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	0	59	theme	counterpart	174:184	arg1	cells					202:206	their counterpart non-stem cancer cells	168:206	their counterpart non-stem cancer cells	168:206	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	3	60	theme	cells	644:648	arg1	analyses					621:628	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses	563:628	time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	563:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	7	61	theme	individual	1592:1601	arg1	cells					1603:1607	individual cells	1592:1607	individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1592:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	4	62	theme	/CD44	870:874	arg1	CSCs					887:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	5	63	theme	CD45	1199:1202	arg1	NSCCs					1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	63	theme	CD45	1199:1202	arg1	cells					1239:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells	1199:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs)	1199:1251	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	0	64	theme	breast	78:83	arg1	cells					97:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	2	65	theme	Imaging	266:272	arg1	spectrometry					279:290	Imaging mass spectrometry	266:290	Imaging mass spectrometry	266:290	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	4	66	from	acids	810:814	arg1	CSCs					887:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	0	67	theme	stem	92:95	arg1	cells					97:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	human breast cancer stem cells	72:101	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	5	68	theme	ion	1055:1057	arg1	intensity					1059:1067	Integrated ion intensity	1044:1067	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals	1044:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	7	69	theme	lipid	1562:1566	arg1	analysis					1580:1587	lipid composition analysis	1562:1587	lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1562:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	0	70	theme	lower	122:126	arg1	content					128:134	significantly lower content	108:134	significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid	108:154	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	4	71	from	species	841:847	arg1	CSCs					887:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs	852:890	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	7	72	theme	novel	1527:1531	arg1	method					1533:1538	our novel method	1523:1538	our novel method	1523:1538	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	4	73	theme	TOF-SIMS	770:777	arg1	analyses					779:786	TOF-SIMS analyses	770:786	TOF-SIMS analyses	770:786	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	5	74	theme	/CD24	1214:1218	arg1	NSCCs					1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	74	theme	/CD24	1214:1218	arg1	cells					1239:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells	1199:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs)	1199:1251	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	2	75	theme	lipid	407:411	arg1	metabolism					413:422	abnormal lipid metabolism	398:422	abnormal lipid metabolism	398:422	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	2	76	theme	diseases	457:464	arg1	development					442:452	the development	438:452	the development of diseases	438:464	Imaging mass spectrometry is increasingly being used to visualize membranous lipids in clinical specimens, and it has revealed that abnormal lipid metabolism is related to the development of diseases.
25312848	0	77	theme	ion	37:39	arg1	spectrometry					46:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry	0:57	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	8	78	theme	lipid	1692:1696	arg1	compositions					1698:1709	The lipid compositions	1688:1709	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens	1688:1795	The lipid compositions of CSCs originating from the heterogeneous cellular populations of clinical specimens were successfully characterized by this method.
25312848	3	79	theme	activated	673:681	arg1	FACS					697:700	FACS	697:700	FACS	697:700	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	3	79	theme	activated	673:681	arg1	sorting					688:694	fluorescence activated cell sorting	660:694	fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)	660:701	To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, we conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells (CSCs).
25312848	5	80	theme	/CD44	1206:1210	arg1	NSCCs					1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	80	theme	/CD44	1206:1210	arg1	cells					1239:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells	1199:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs)	1199:1251	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	81	theme	phosphoric	1115:1124	arg1	signals					1131:1137	phosphoric acid signals	1115:1137	phosphoric acid signals	1115:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	82	theme	acids	1084:1088	arg1	[FA					1090:1092	palmitoleic acids [FA	1072:1092	palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals	1072:1137	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	82	theme	acids	1084:1088	arg1	16:1					1094:1097	16:1	1094:1097	16:1	1094:1097	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	0	83	theme	palmitoleic	139:149	arg1	acid					151:154	palmitoleic acid	139:154	palmitoleic acid	139:154	Single-cell time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry reveals that human breast cancer stem cells have significantly lower content of palmitoleic acid compared to their counterpart non-stem cancer cells.
25312848	4	84	theme	acid	831:834	arg1	species					841:847	four fatty acid (FA) species	820:847	four fatty acid (FA) species	820:847	TOF-SIMS analyses visualized phosphoric acids and four fatty acid (FA) species in the sorted CD45(-)/CD44(+)/CD24(-) CSCs, and these ions are suspected to have originated from membranous phospholipids as they were uniformly detected from the locus where the cells attached.
25312848	7	85	theme	markers	1679:1685	arg1	combination					1651:1661	a complex combination	1641:1661	a complex combination of cell-surface markers	1641:1685	Therefore, our novel method successfully provided lipid composition analysis of individual cells classified by the expression of a complex combination of cell-surface markers.
25312848	5	86	theme	non-stem	1223:1230	arg1	NSCCs					1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	NSCCs	1246:1250	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	5	86	theme	non-stem	1223:1230	arg1	cells					1239:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells	1199:1243	CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs)	1199:1251	Integrated ion intensity of palmitoleic acids [FA(16:1)] normalized by phosphoric acid signals were decreased significantly in CSCs as compared to that of CD45(-)/CD44(-)/CD24(+) non-stem cancer cells (NSCCs).
25312848	6	87	theme	mass	1345:1348	arg1	spectrometry					1350:1361	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	1314:1361	electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis	1314:1370	This finding was supported by liquid chromatography coupled electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed phosphatidylcholine (PC)(16:0/16:1) to be less abundant and PC(16:0/16:0) to be more abundant in CSCs as compared to NSCCs.
25312848	1	88	theme	membranes	255:263	arg1	component					237:245	the primary component	225:245	the primary component of cell membranes	225:263	Lipids comprise the primary component of cell membranes.
26805971	14	0	theme	yield	1800:1804	arg1	loss					1806:1809	relative milk yield loss	1786:1809	relative milk yield loss (%)	1786:1813	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	0	theme	yield	1800:1804	arg1	%					1812:1812	%	1812:1812	%	1812:1812	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	1	dep	%	1857:1857	arg1	%					1889:1889	loss ratio (%)	1877:1890	0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%)	1856:1890	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	2	theme	relative	1786:1793	arg1	loss					1806:1809	relative milk yield loss	1786:1809	relative milk yield loss (%)	1786:1813	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	2	theme	relative	1786:1793	arg1	%					1812:1812	%	1812:1812	%	1812:1812	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	6	3	theme	successive	760:769	arg1	periods					771:777	3 successive periods	758:777	3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM)	758:812	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	10	4	theme	TDM	1302:1304	arg1	resumption					1288:1297	resumption	1288:1297	resumption of TDM	1288:1304	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	10	5	dep	wk	1279:1280	arg1	resumption					1288:1297	resumption	1288:1297	resumption of TDM	1288:1304	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	14	6	theme	loss	1877:1880	arg1	%					1889:1889	loss ratio (%)	1877:1890	0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%)	1856:1890	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	0	7	theme	Individual	0:9	arg1	responses					11:19	Individual responses	0:19	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval	0:63	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval.
26805971	11	8	theme	residual	1469:1476	arg1	deviation					1487:1495	residual standard deviation	1469:1495	residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d	1469:1504	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	1	9	theme	other	158:162	arg1	times					172:176	other milking times	158:176	other milking times	158:176	Some dairy farmers opt to omit one milking, either incidentally or weekly, without changing other milking times.
26805971	12	10	theme	loss	1625:1628	arg1	ratio					1630:1634	loss ratio	1625:1634	loss ratio	1625:1634	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	12	11	dep	lost	1549:1552	arg1	ratio					1630:1634	loss ratio	1625:1634	loss ratio	1625:1634	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	8	12	theme	lactose	1028:1034	arg1	content					1036:1042	milk lactose content	1023:1042	milk lactose content	1023:1042	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	11	13	theme	kg/d	1501:1504	arg1	deviation					1487:1495	residual standard deviation	1469:1495	residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d	1469:1504	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	7	14	theme	observations	875:886	arg1	number					865:870	The number	861:870	The number of observations per cow	861:894	The number of observations per cow ranged from 1 to 9, with no more than three 24h-MI per lactation.
26805971	16	15	theme	yield	2114:2118	arg1	level					2120:2124	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	16	16	theme	potential	2099:2107	arg1	yield					2114:2118	estimated potential milk yield	2089:2118	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	16	17	theme	individual	2214:2223	arg1	variability					2225:2235	all the individual variability	2206:2235	all the individual variability	2206:2235	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	14	18	theme	milk	1754:1757	arg1	loss					1765:1768	milk yield loss	1754:1768	milk yield loss (kg/d)	1754:1775	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	18	theme	milk	1754:1757	arg1	kg/d					1771:1774	kg/d	1771:1774	kg/d	1771:1774	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	8	19	from	kg	1004:1005	arg1	average					1010:1016	average	1010:1016	average	1010:1016	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	6	20	theme	twice-daily	788:798	arg1	TDM					809:811	TDM	809:811	TDM	809:811	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	6	20	theme	twice-daily	788:798	arg1	milking					800:806	twice-daily milking	788:806	twice-daily milking (TDM)	788:812	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	8	21	theme	24h-MI	1062:1067	arg1	day					1069:1071	the 24h-MI day	1058:1071	the 24h-MI day	1058:1071	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	0	22	theme	milking	48:54	arg1	interval					56:63	a 24-hour milking interval	38:63	a 24-hour milking interval	38:63	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval.
26805971	11	23	dep	variation	1458:1466	arg1	deviation					1487:1495	residual standard deviation	1469:1495	residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d	1469:1504	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	2	24	theme	milking	213:219	arg1	interval					221:228	an extended milking interval	201:228	an extended milking interval	201:228	This practice entails an extended milking interval of 24h (24h-MI), which is associated with a decrease in milk yield.
26805971	8	25	dep	%	997:997	arg1	kg					1004:1005	7.8 kg	1000:1005	7.8 kg	1000:1005	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	15	26	theme	milk	2016:2019	arg1	yield					2021:2025	higher milk yield	2009:2025	higher milk yield losses	2009:2032	To conclude, a 24h-MI caused higher milk yield losses than reported in previous studies.
26805971	11	27	theme	milk	1425:1428	arg1	recovery					1430:1437	milk recovery	1425:1437	milk recovery	1425:1437	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	5	28	theme	lactation	605:613	arg1	parity					588:593	parity	588:593	parity	588:593	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	5	28	theme	lactation	605:613	arg1	stage					596:600	stage	596:600	stage of lactation	596:613	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	5	28	theme	lactation	605:613	arg1	yield					625:629	milk yield potential	620:639	milk yield potential	620:639	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	13	29	theme	lost	1675:1678	arg1	yield					1685:1689	the lost milk yield	1671:1689	the lost milk yield	1671:1689	Cows in early lactation recovered the lost milk yield faster.
26805971	12	30	theme	more	1584:1587	arg1	milk					1589:1592	more milk	1584:1592	more milk	1584:1592	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	14	31	theme	yield	1829:1833	arg1	kg/d					1845:1848	kg/d	1845:1848	kg/d	1845:1848	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	31	theme	yield	1829:1833	arg1	recovery					1835:1842	milk yield recovery	1824:1842	milk yield recovery (kg/d)	1824:1849	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	4	32	from	responses	479:487	arg1	terms					492:496	terms	492:496	terms of loss	492:504	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	9	33	theme	protein	1087:1093	arg1	content					1095:1101	Milk fat and protein content	1074:1101	content	1095:1101	Milk fat and protein content, and somatic cell score increased by 3.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, and 0.4 units, respectively.
26805971	4	34	from	effects	520:526	arg1	yield					548:552	milk yield	543:552	milk yield	543:552	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	6	35	used	used	708:711	arg2	trial					702:706	Our trial	698:706	Our trial	698:706	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	9	36	theme	Milk	1074:1077	arg1	fat					1079:1081	Milk fat and protein content	1074:1101	fat	1079:1081	Milk fat and protein content, and somatic cell score increased by 3.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, and 0.4 units, respectively.
26805971	12	37	theme	milk	1559:1562	arg1	yield					1564:1568	more milk yield	1554:1568	more milk yield	1554:1568	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	3	38	theme	lactation	382:390	arg1	level					407:411	milk yield level	396:411	milk yield level	396:411	This decrease varies among cows and could be partly due to factors such as stage of lactation and milk yield level.
26805971	3	38	theme	lactation	382:390	arg1	stage					373:377	stage	373:377	stage of lactation	373:390	This decrease varies among cows and could be partly due to factors such as stage of lactation and milk yield level.
26805971	12	39	theme	greater	1520:1526	arg1	level					1543:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	10	40	theme	significant	1192:1202	arg1	effect					1214:1219	No significant carryover effect	1189:1219	No significant carryover effect	1189:1219	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	0	41	theme	cows	30:33	arg1	responses					11:19	Individual responses	0:19	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval	0:63	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval.
26805971	12	42	theme	potential	1533:1541	arg1	level					1543:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	6	43	theme	TDM	856:858	arg1	24h-MI					832:837	one 24h-MI	828:837	one 24h-MI	828:837	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	6	43	theme	TDM	856:858	arg1	13d					849:851	then 13d	844:851	then 13d of TDM	844:858	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	6	43	theme	TDM	856:858	arg1	control					819:825	a control	817:825	a control	817:825	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	4	44	theme	study	430:434	arg1	aim					418:420	The aim	414:420	The aim of this study	414:434	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	2	45	theme	milk	286:289	arg1	yield					291:295	milk yield	286:295	milk yield	286:295	This practice entails an extended milking interval of 24h (24h-MI), which is associated with a decrease in milk yield.
26805971	11	46	dep	coefficient	1351:1361	arg1	%					1378:1378	62%	1376:1378	coefficient of variation 62%	1351:1378	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	12	47	from	influence	1603:1611	arg1	recovery					1616:1623	recovery	1616:1623	recovery	1616:1623	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	14	48	theme	determined	1918:1927	arg1	ability					1929:1935	a genetically determined ability	1904:1935	a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted	1904:1977	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	3	49	theme	milk	396:399	arg1	level					407:411	milk yield level	396:411	milk yield level	396:411	This decrease varies among cows and could be partly due to factors such as stage of lactation and milk yield level.
26805971	9	50	theme	cell	1116:1119	arg1	score					1121:1125	somatic cell score	1108:1125	somatic cell score	1108:1125	Milk fat and protein content, and somatic cell score increased by 3.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, and 0.4 units, respectively.
26805971	4	51	theme	loss	501:504	arg1	terms					492:496	terms	492:496	terms of loss	492:504	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	11	52	theme	yield	1312:1316	arg1	loss					1318:1321	Milk yield loss	1307:1321	Milk yield loss	1307:1321	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	2	53	from	decrease	274:281	arg1	yield					291:295	milk yield	286:295	milk yield	286:295	This practice entails an extended milking interval of 24h (24h-MI), which is associated with a decrease in milk yield.
26805971	14	54	theme	milk	1795:1798	arg1	loss					1806:1809	relative milk yield loss	1786:1809	relative milk yield loss (%)	1786:1813	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	54	theme	milk	1795:1798	arg1	%					1812:1812	%	1812:1812	%	1812:1812	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	12	55	with	Cows	1508:1511	arg1	level					1543:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	10	56	theme	milk	1260:1263	arg1	composition					1265:1275	milk composition	1260:1275	milk composition	1260:1275	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	14	57	theme	ratio	1882:1886	arg1	%					1889:1889	loss ratio (%)	1877:1890	0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%)	1856:1890	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	13	58	from	Cows	1637:1640	arg1	lactation					1651:1659	early lactation	1645:1659	early lactation	1645:1659	Cows in early lactation recovered the lost milk yield faster.
26805971	4	59	theme	milk	543:546	arg1	yield					548:552	milk yield	543:552	milk yield	543:552	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	7	60	dep	9	913:913	arg1	to					910:911	to	910:911	to	910:911	The number of observations per cow ranged from 1 to 9, with no more than three 24h-MI per lactation.
26805971	16	61	theme	lactation	2078:2086	arg1	parity					2131:2136	parity	2131:2136	parity	2131:2136	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	16	61	theme	lactation	2078:2086	arg1	level					2120:2124	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	16	61	theme	lactation	2078:2086	arg1	Stage					2069:2073	Stage	2069:2073	Stage of lactation	2069:2086	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	6	62	theme	Holstein-Friesian	717:733	arg1	cows					735:738	292 Holstein-Friesian cows	713:738	292 Holstein-Friesian cows	713:738	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	11	63	theme	standard	1478:1485	arg1	deviation					1487:1495	residual standard deviation	1469:1495	residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d	1469:1504	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	14	64	theme	milk	1863:1866	arg1	recovery					1868:1875	milk recovery	1863:1875	milk recovery	1863:1875	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	1	65	theme	milking	164:170	arg1	times					172:176	other milking times	158:176	other milking times	158:176	Some dairy farmers opt to omit one milking, either incidentally or weekly, without changing other milking times.
26805971	8	66	theme	milk	981:984	arg1	yield					986:990	milk yield	981:990	milk yield	981:990	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	16	67	theme	estimated	2089:2097	arg1	yield					2114:2118	estimated potential milk yield	2089:2118	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	2	68	theme	extended	204:211	arg1	interval					221:228	an extended milking interval	201:228	an extended milking interval	201:228	This practice entails an extended milking interval of 24h (24h-MI), which is associated with a decrease in milk yield.
26805971	16	69	theme	milk	2109:2112	arg1	yield					2114:2118	estimated potential milk yield	2089:2118	estimated potential milk yield level	2089:2124	Stage of lactation, estimated potential milk yield level, and parity explained the cows' response to the 24h-MI, but did not account for all the individual variability.
26805971	4	70	theme	24h-MI	533:538	arg1	effects					520:526	effects	520:526	effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield	520:552	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	14	71	theme	yield	1759:1763	arg1	loss					1765:1768	milk yield loss	1754:1768	milk yield loss (kg/d)	1754:1775	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	71	theme	yield	1759:1763	arg1	kg/d					1771:1774	kg/d	1771:1774	kg/d	1771:1774	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	6	72	theme	milking	800:806	arg1	wk					782:783	1 wk	780:783	3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM)	758:812	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	11	73	theme	2.1	1497:1499	arg1	kg/d					1501:1504	kg/d	1501:1504	kg/d	1501:1504	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	5	74	theme	factors	572:578	arg1	influence					559:567	The influence	555:567	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential	555:639	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	2	75	theme	24h	233:235	arg1	interval					221:228	an extended milking interval	201:228	an extended milking interval	201:228	This practice entails an extended milking interval of 24h (24h-MI), which is associated with a decrease in milk yield.
26805971	15	76	theme	yield	2021:2025	arg1	losses					2027:2032	higher milk yield losses	2009:2032	higher milk yield losses	2009:2032	To conclude, a 24h-MI caused higher milk yield losses than reported in previous studies.
26805971	5	77	theme	milk	620:623	arg1	yield					625:629	milk yield potential	620:639	milk yield potential	620:639	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	11	78	theme	milk	1411:1414	arg1	loss					1416:1419	milk loss	1411:1419	milk loss	1411:1419	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	5	79	theme	potential	631:639	arg1	yield					625:629	milk yield potential	620:639	milk yield potential	620:639	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	11	80	theme	substantial	1446:1456	arg1	variation					1458:1466	substantial variation	1446:1466	substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d)	1446:1505	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	8	81	from	2.6g/kg	1047:1053	arg1	day					1069:1071	the 24h-MI day	1058:1071	the 24h-MI day	1058:1071	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	13	82	theme	milk	1680:1683	arg1	yield					1685:1689	the lost milk yield	1671:1689	the lost milk yield	1671:1689	Cows in early lactation recovered the lost milk yield faster.
26805971	12	83	theme	more	1554:1557	arg1	yield					1564:1568	more milk yield	1554:1568	more milk yield	1554:1568	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	15	84	theme	higher	2009:2014	arg1	yield					2021:2025	higher milk yield	2009:2025	higher milk yield losses	2009:2032	To conclude, a 24h-MI caused higher milk yield losses than reported in previous studies.
26805971	14	85	theme	milk	1824:1827	arg1	kg/d					1845:1848	kg/d	1845:1848	kg/d	1845:1848	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	14	85	theme	milk	1824:1827	arg1	recovery					1835:1842	milk yield recovery	1824:1842	milk yield recovery (kg/d)	1824:1849	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	5	86	theme	response	674:681	arg1	repeatability					683:695	response repeatability	674:695	response repeatability	674:695	The influence of factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and milk yield potential were investigated, together with response repeatability.
26805971	1	87	theme	dairy	71:75	arg1	farmers					77:83	Some dairy farmers	66:83	Some dairy farmers	66:83	Some dairy farmers opt to omit one milking, either incidentally or weekly, without changing other milking times.
26805971	4	88	theme	average	456:462	arg1	responses					479:487	the average and individual responses	452:487	the average and individual responses in terms of loss	452:504	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	14	89	theme	responses	1720:1728	arg1	Repeatability					1699:1711	Repeatability	1699:1711	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI	1699:1740	Repeatability of the responses to a 24h-MI was 44% for milk yield loss (kg/d), 57% for relative milk yield loss (%), 33% for milk yield recovery (kg/d), and 0% for milk recovery:loss ratio (%), suggesting a genetically determined ability to limit loss when one milking is omitted.
26805971	0	90	theme	dairy	24:28	arg1	cows					30:33	dairy cows	24:33	dairy cows	24:33	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval.
26805971	12	91	theme	milk	1528:1531	arg1	level					1543:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	a greater milk potential level	1518:1547	Cows with a greater milk potential level lost more milk yield but recovered more milk, with no influence on recovery:loss ratio.
26805971	4	92	theme	individual	468:477	arg1	responses					479:487	the average and individual responses	452:487	the average and individual responses in terms of loss	452:504	The aim of this study was to describe the average and individual responses in terms of loss and carryover effects of a 24h-MI on milk yield.
26805971	10	93	theme	carryover	1204:1212	arg1	effect					1214:1219	No significant carryover effect	1189:1219	No significant carryover effect	1189:1219	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	11	94	dep	varied	1336:1341	arg1	coefficient					1351:1361	coefficient	1351:1361	coefficient of variation 62%	1351:1378	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	10	95	from	24h-MI	1236:1241	arg1	yield					1251:1255	milk yield	1246:1255	milk yield	1246:1255	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	10	95	from	24h-MI	1236:1241	arg1	composition					1265:1275	milk composition	1260:1275	milk composition	1260:1275	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
26805971	11	96	theme	variation	1366:1374	arg1	coefficient					1351:1361	coefficient	1351:1361	coefficient of variation 62%	1351:1378	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	13	97	theme	early	1645:1649	arg1	lactation					1651:1659	early lactation	1645:1659	early lactation	1645:1659	Cows in early lactation recovered the lost milk yield faster.
26805971	0	98	theme	24-hour	40:46	arg1	interval					56:63	a 24-hour milking interval	38:63	a 24-hour milking interval	38:63	Individual responses of dairy cows to a 24-hour milking interval.
26805971	9	99	theme	somatic	1108:1114	arg1	score					1121:1125	somatic cell score	1108:1125	somatic cell score	1108:1125	Milk fat and protein content, and somatic cell score increased by 3.0 g/kg, 0.5 g/kg, and 0.4 units, respectively.
26805971	11	100	theme	Milk	1307:1310	arg1	loss					1318:1321	Milk yield loss	1307:1321	Milk yield loss	1307:1321	Milk yield loss and recovery varied widely (coefficient of variation 62%), and the relationship between milk loss and milk recovery showed substantial variation (residual standard deviation 2.1 kg/d).
26805971	3	101	theme	yield	401:405	arg1	level					407:411	milk yield level	396:411	milk yield level	396:411	This decrease varies among cows and could be partly due to factors such as stage of lactation and milk yield level.
26805971	15	102	theme	previous	2051:2058	arg1	studies					2060:2066	previous studies	2051:2066	previous studies	2051:2066	To conclude, a 24h-MI caused higher milk yield losses than reported in previous studies.
26805971	8	103	theme	milk	1023:1026	arg1	content					1036:1042	milk lactose content	1023:1042	milk lactose content	1023:1042	The 24h-MI reduced milk yield by 23% (7.8 kg on average) and milk lactose content by 2.6g/kg on the 24h-MI day.
26805971	6	104	dep	periods	771:777	arg1	wk					782:783	1 wk	780:783	3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM)	758:812	Our trial used 292 Holstein-Friesian cows, and consisted of 3 successive periods: 1 wk of twice-daily milking (TDM) as a control, one 24h-MI, and then 13d of TDM.
26805971	10	105	theme	milk	1246:1249	arg1	yield					1251:1255	milk yield	1246:1255	milk yield	1246:1255	No significant carryover effect was found of a 24h-MI on milk yield or milk composition 2 wk after resumption of TDM.
25489736	0	0	theme	topical	134:140	arg1	studies					157:163	topical HIV prevention studies	134:163	topical HIV prevention studies	134:163	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	4	1	theme	adherence	563:571	arg1	measure					544:550	a composite, objective measure	521:550	measure	544:550	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	4	2	attach	isolated	693:700	arg2	DNA					670:672	DNA	670:672	DNA	670:672	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	4	2	attach	isolated	693:700	arg1	applicators					745:755	returned, vaginally used gel applicators	716:755	returned, vaginally used gel applicators	716:755	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	2	3	theme	protocol	327:334	arg1	compliance					336:345	protocol compliance	327:345	protocol compliance	327:345	It is important to be able to monitor product adherence and protocol compliance in order to determine microbicide efficacy and safety more accurately.
25489736	1	4	theme	HIV	243:245	arg1	studies					258:264	clinical HIV prevention studies	234:264	clinical HIV prevention studies	234:264	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	4	5	theme	protocol	577:584	arg1	compliance					586:595	protocol compliance	577:595	protocol compliance	577:595	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	16	6	theme	product	2168:2174	arg1	adherence					2176:2184	product adherence	2168:2184	product adherence	2168:2184	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	9	7	theme	vaginal	1210:1216	arg1	bacteria					1218:1225	vaginal bacteria	1210:1225	vaginal bacteria DNA	1210:1229	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	6	8	theme	semen	872:876	arg1	biomarkers					878:887	Vaginal and semen biomarkers	860:887	biomarkers	878:887	Vaginal and semen biomarkers were amplified using a multiplex PCR to determine vaginal insertion.
25489736	4	9	theme	drug	645:648	arg1	expulsion					650:658	drug expulsion	645:658	drug expulsion	645:658	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	10	10	theme	Y-chromosomal	1433:1445	arg1	genes					1447:1451	Y-chromosomal genes	1433:1451	Y-chromosomal genes	1433:1451	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	14	11	theme	returned	1893:1900	arg1	applicators					1902:1912	returned applicators	1893:1912	returned applicators	1893:1912	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	6	12	theme	Vaginal	860:866	arg1	biomarkers					878:887	Vaginal and semen biomarkers	860:887	biomarkers	878:887	Vaginal and semen biomarkers were amplified using a multiplex PCR to determine vaginal insertion.
25489736	5	13	dep	METHODS	758:764	arg1	tenofovir					799:807	tenofovir	799:807	tenofovir	799:807	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	5	13	dep	METHODS	758:764	arg1	DNA					766:768	DNA	766:768	DNA	766:768	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	5	13	dep	METHODS	758:764	arg1	cells					779:783	vaginal cells	771:783	vaginal cells	771:783	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	16	14	dep	composite	1984:1992	arg1	triple					1995:2000	triple	1995:2000	triple	1995:2000	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	16	15	theme	applicators	2094:2104	arg1	surface					2062:2068	the surface	2058:2068	the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	2058:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	16	16	theme	vaginal	2082:2088	arg1	applicators					2094:2104	returned vaginal gel applicators	2073:2104	returned vaginal gel applicators	2073:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	1	17	theme	Poor	177:180	arg1	use					199:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use	166:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products	166:219	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	0	18	theme	DNA	103:105	arg1	biomarkers					119:128	DNA and protein biomarkers	103:128	biomarkers	119:128	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	9	19	theme	eukaryotic	1247:1256	arg1	amelogenin					1264:1273	amelogenin	1264:1273	amelogenin	1264:1273	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	9	19	theme	eukaryotic	1247:1256	arg1	gene					1258:1261	the control eukaryotic gene	1235:1261	the control eukaryotic gene	1235:1261	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	1	20	theme	inconsistent	186:197	arg1	use					199:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use	166:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products	166:219	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	6	21	theme	vaginal	939:945	arg1	insertion					947:955	vaginal insertion	939:955	vaginal insertion	939:955	Vaginal and semen biomarkers were amplified using a multiplex PCR to determine vaginal insertion.
25489736	0	22	theme	protein	111:117	arg1	biomarkers					119:128	DNA and protein biomarkers	103:128	biomarkers	119:128	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	14	23	theme	gel	1863:1865	arg1	present					1867:1873	residual gel present	1854:1873	residual gel present	1854:1873	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	13	24	from	hand	1796:1799	arg1	cells					1781:1785	epidermal cells	1771:1785	epidermal cells from the hand	1771:1799	CK4 was not found in epidermal cells from the hand.
25489736	6	25	theme	multiplex	912:920	arg1	PCR					922:924	a multiplex PCR	910:924	a multiplex PCR to determine vaginal insertion	910:955	Vaginal and semen biomarkers were amplified using a multiplex PCR to determine vaginal insertion.
25489736	0	26	theme	HIV	142:144	arg1	studies					157:163	topical HIV prevention studies	134:163	topical HIV prevention studies	134:163	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	16	27	from	adherence	2176:2184	arg1	trials					2242:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	0	28	theme	compliance	66:75	arg1	measure					27:33	a composite measure	15:33	a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure	15:95	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	9	29	theme	sham	1301:1304	arg1	"					1305:1305	"sham"	1300:1305	"sham"	1300:1305	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	9	29	theme	sham	1301:1304	arg1	handled					1291:1297	handled	1291:1297	handled	1291:1297	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	14	30	theme	Drug	1802:1805	arg1	expulsion					1807:1815	Drug expulsion	1802:1815	Drug expulsion	1802:1815	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	11	31	theme	positive	1542:1549	arg1	cytokeratin					1551:1561	positive cytokeratin 4	1542:1563	positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators	1542:1639	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	11	31	theme	positive	1542:1549	arg1	CK4					1566:1568	CK4	1566:1568	CK4	1566:1568	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	4	32	theme	gel	741:743	arg1	applicators					745:755	returned, vaginally used gel applicators	716:755	returned, vaginally used gel applicators	716:755	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	16	33	theme	returned	2073:2080	arg1	applicators					2094:2104	returned vaginal gel applicators	2073:2104	returned vaginal gel applicators	2073:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	0	34	theme	exposure	88:95	arg1	measure					27:33	a composite measure	15:33	a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure	15:95	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	16	35	theme	protocol	2187:2194	arg1	compliance					2196:2205	protocol compliance	2187:2205	protocol compliance	2187:2205	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	16	36	theme	gel	2090:2092	arg1	applicators					2094:2104	returned vaginal gel applicators	2073:2104	returned vaginal gel applicators	2073:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	4	37	theme	returned	716:723	arg1	applicators					745:755	returned, vaginally used gel applicators	716:755	returned, vaginally used gel applicators	716:755	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	9	38	theme	bacteria	1218:1225	arg1	DNA					1227:1229	vaginal bacteria DNA	1210:1229	vaginal bacteria DNA	1210:1229	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	11	39	theme	insertion	1477:1485	arg1	determination					1487:1499	Vaginal insertion determination	1469:1499	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis	1469:1515	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	16	40	theme	marker	2002:2007	arg1	panel					2015:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel	1982:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	1982:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	16	41	theme	microbicide	2230:2240	arg1	trials					2242:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	0	42	theme	measure	27:33	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure	0:95	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	5	43	theme	vaginal	771:777	arg1	cells					779:783	vaginal cells	771:783	vaginal cells	771:783	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	16	44	from	compliance	2196:2205	arg1	trials					2242:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	16	45	theme	drug	2042:2045	arg1	panel					2015:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel	1982:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	1982:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	11	46	theme	cells	1602:1606	arg1	immunocytochemistry					1571:1589	positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry	1542:1589	positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators	1542:1639	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	2	47	theme	product	305:311	arg1	adherence					313:321	product adherence	305:321	product adherence	305:321	It is important to be able to monitor product adherence and protocol compliance in order to determine microbicide efficacy and safety more accurately.
25489736	10	48	dep	one	1421:1423	arg1	genes					1447:1451	Y-chromosomal genes	1433:1451	Y-chromosomal genes	1433:1451	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	1	49	theme	study	206:210	arg1	products					212:219	study products	206:219	study products	206:219	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	10	50	theme	Semen	1344:1348	arg1	exposure					1350:1357	Semen exposure	1344:1357	Semen exposure	1344:1357	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	4	51	theme	compliance	586:595	arg1	measure					544:550	a composite, objective measure	521:550	measure	544:550	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	9	52	theme	inserted	1171:1178	arg1	applicators					1180:1190	vaginally inserted applicators	1161:1190	vaginally inserted applicators	1161:1190	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	5	53	theme	inserted	838:845	arg1	applicators					847:857	vaginally inserted applicators	828:857	vaginally inserted applicators	828:857	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	16	54	from	exposure	2218:2225	arg1	trials					2242:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	microbicide trials	2230:2247	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	11	55	theme	gel	1625:1627	arg1	applicators					1629:1639	the gel applicators	1621:1639	the gel applicators	1621:1639	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	1	56	theme	clinical	234:241	arg1	studies					258:264	clinical HIV prevention studies	234:264	clinical HIV prevention studies	234:264	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	4	57	theme	product	555:561	arg1	adherence					563:571	product adherence	555:571	product adherence	555:571	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	1	58	theme	prevention	247:256	arg1	studies					258:264	clinical HIV prevention studies	234:264	clinical HIV prevention studies	234:264	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	13	59	theme	epidermal	1771:1779	arg1	cells					1781:1785	epidermal cells	1771:1785	epidermal cells from the hand	1771:1799	CK4 was not found in epidermal cells from the hand.
25489736	11	60	theme	cytokeratin	1551:1561	arg1	immunocytochemistry					1571:1589	positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry	1542:1589	positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators	1542:1639	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	14	61	theme	applicators	1902:1912	arg1	surface					1882:1888	the surface	1878:1888	the surface of returned applicators	1878:1912	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	0	62	theme	product	38:44	arg1	adherence					46:54	product adherence	38:54	product adherence	38:54	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	10	63	theme	both	1428:1431	arg1	amplification					1404:1416	simultaneous amplification	1391:1416	simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes	1391:1451	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	10	63	theme	both	1428:1431	arg1	SRY					1454:1456	SRY	1454:1456	SRY	1454:1456	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	10	63	theme	both	1428:1431	arg1	TSPY4					1462:1466	TSPY4	1462:1466	TSPY4	1462:1466	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	1	64	theme	BACKGROUND	166:175	arg1	use					199:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use	166:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products	166:219	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	13	65	located	found	1762:1766	arg2	CK4					1750:1752	CK4	1750:1752	CK4	1750:1752	CK4 was not found in epidermal cells from the hand.
25489736	13	65	located	found	1762:1766	arg1	cells					1781:1785	epidermal cells	1771:1785	epidermal cells from the hand	1771:1799	CK4 was not found in epidermal cells from the hand.
25489736	7	66	theme	insertion	1066:1074	arg1	assessment					1044:1053	DNA assessment	1040:1053	DNA assessment of vaginal insertion	1040:1074	Vaginal cells were fixed followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion.
25489736	9	67	theme	control	1239:1245	arg1	amelogenin					1264:1273	amelogenin	1264:1273	amelogenin	1264:1273	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	9	67	theme	control	1239:1245	arg1	gene					1258:1261	the control eukaryotic gene	1235:1261	the control eukaryotic gene	1235:1261	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	14	68	theme	present	1867:1873	arg1	quantitation					1838:1849	quantitation	1838:1849	quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators	1838:1912	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	16	69	attach	present	2047:2053	arg1	surface					2062:2068	the surface	2058:2068	the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	2058:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	16	69	attach	present	2047:2053	arg2	DNA					2024:2026	DNA	2024:2026	DNA	2024:2026	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	4	70	theme	semen	626:630	arg1	exposure					632:639	semen exposure	626:639	semen exposure	626:639	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	7	71	theme	DNA	1040:1042	arg1	assessment					1044:1053	DNA assessment	1040:1053	DNA assessment of vaginal insertion	1040:1074	Vaginal cells were fixed followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion.
25489736	14	72	theme	residual	1854:1861	arg1	present					1867:1873	residual gel present	1854:1873	residual gel present	1854:1873	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	11	73	theme	DNA	1504:1506	arg1	analysis					1508:1515	DNA analysis	1504:1515	DNA analysis	1504:1515	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	10	74	theme	one	1421:1423	arg1	amplification					1404:1416	simultaneous amplification	1391:1416	simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes	1391:1451	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	10	74	theme	one	1421:1423	arg1	SRY					1454:1456	SRY	1454:1456	SRY	1454:1456	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	10	74	theme	one	1421:1423	arg1	TSPY4					1462:1466	TSPY4	1462:1466	TSPY4	1462:1466	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	0	75	theme	prevention	146:155	arg1	studies					157:163	topical HIV prevention studies	134:163	topical HIV prevention studies	134:163	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	7	76	theme	cytokeratin	995:1005	arg1	immunocytochemistry					1009:1027	cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry	995:1027	cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry	995:1027	Vaginal cells were fixed followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion.
25489736	4	77	dep	returned	716:723	arg1	used					736:739	used	736:739	used	736:739	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	0	78	theme	protocol	57:64	arg1	compliance					66:75	protocol compliance	57:75	protocol compliance	57:75	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	12	79	theme	few	1690:1692	arg1	cells					1694:1698	very few cells	1685:1698	very few cells	1685:1698	On the contrary, sham applicators provided very few cells when swabbed, and they were all negative for CK4.
25489736	16	80	theme	present	2047:2053	arg1	DNA					2024:2026	DNA	2024:2026	DNA	2024:2026	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	0	81	theme	semen	82:86	arg1	exposure					88:95	semen exposure	82:95	semen exposure	82:95	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	7	82	theme	Vaginal	958:964	arg1	cells					966:970	Vaginal cells	958:970	Vaginal cells	958:970	Vaginal cells were fixed followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion.
25489736	16	83	theme	composite	1984:1992	arg1	panel					2015:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel	1982:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	1982:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	12	84	theme	sham	1659:1662	arg1	applicators					1664:1674	sham applicators	1659:1674	sham applicators	1659:1674	On the contrary, sham applicators provided very few cells when swabbed, and they were all negative for CK4.
25489736	16	85	theme	semen	2212:2216	arg1	exposure					2218:2225	semen exposure	2212:2225	semen exposure	2212:2225	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	2	86	theme	microbicide	369:379	arg1	efficacy					381:388	microbicide efficacy	369:388	microbicide efficacy	369:388	It is important to be able to monitor product adherence and protocol compliance in order to determine microbicide efficacy and safety more accurately.
25489736	4	87	theme	objective	534:542	arg1	measure					544:550	a composite, objective measure	521:550	measure	544:550	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	15	88	theme	Sham	1915:1918	arg1	applicators					1920:1930	Sham applicators	1915:1930	Sham applicators	1915:1930	Sham applicators had no detectable tenofovir.
25489736	11	89	theme	Vaginal	1469:1475	arg1	determination					1487:1499	Vaginal insertion determination	1469:1499	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis	1469:1515	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	3	90	theme	Current	418:424	arg1	methods					426:432	Current methods	418:432	Current methods for monitoring adherence	418:457	Current methods for monitoring adherence are subjective, non-specific, or invasive.
25489736	0	91	theme	composite	17:25	arg1	measure					27:33	a composite measure	15:33	a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure	15:95	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	16	92	theme	based	2009:2013	arg1	panel					2015:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel	1982:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	1982:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	7	93	dep	fixed	977:981	arg1	followed					983:990	followed	983:990	followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion	983:1074	Vaginal cells were fixed followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion.
25489736	9	94	attach	isolated	1147:1154	arg1	applicators					1180:1190	vaginally inserted applicators	1161:1190	vaginally inserted applicators	1161:1190	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	9	94	attach	isolated	1147:1154	arg2	DNA					1143:1145	RESULTS DNA	1135:1145	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators	1135:1190	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	16	95	theme	DNA	2024:2026	arg1	panel					2015:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel	1982:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	1982:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	9	96	theme	RESULTS	1135:1141	arg1	DNA					1143:1145	RESULTS DNA	1135:1145	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators	1135:1190	RESULTS DNA isolated from vaginally inserted applicators were positive for vaginal bacteria DNA and the control eukaryotic gene, amelogenin, while manually handled, "sham", applicators were negative for both.
25489736	0	97	theme	adherence	46:54	arg1	measure					27:33	a composite measure	15:33	a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure	15:95	Development of a composite measure of product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure using DNA and protein biomarkers for topical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	7	98	theme	vaginal	1058:1064	arg1	insertion					1066:1074	vaginal insertion	1058:1074	vaginal insertion	1058:1074	Vaginal cells were fixed followed by cytokeratin 4 immunocytochemistry to confirm DNA assessment of vaginal insertion.
25489736	4	99	theme	composite	523:531	arg1	measure					544:550	a composite, objective measure	521:550	measure	544:550	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
25489736	16	100	theme	protein	2029:2035	arg1	panel					2015:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel	1982:2019	a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators	1982:2104	CONCLUSION Utilizing a composite, triple marker based panel of DNA, protein, and drug present on the surface of returned vaginal gel applicators, it is possible to determine, objectively and non-invasively, product adherence, protocol compliance, and semen exposure in microbicide trials.
25489736	11	101	theme	vaginal	1594:1600	arg1	cells					1602:1606	vaginal cells	1594:1606	vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators	1594:1639	Vaginal insertion determination by DNA analysis was further confirmed by positive cytokeratin 4 (CK4) immunocytochemistry of vaginal cells remaining on the gel applicators.
25489736	14	102	from	quantitation	1838:1849	arg1	surface					1882:1888	the surface	1878:1888	the surface of returned applicators	1878:1912	Drug expulsion was detected through quantitation of residual gel present on the surface of returned applicators.
25489736	15	103	contain	had	1932:1934	arg1	applicators					1920:1930	Sham applicators	1915:1930	Sham applicators	1915:1930	Sham applicators had no detectable tenofovir.
25489736	15	103	contain	had	1932:1934	arg2	tenofovir					1950:1958	tenofovir	1950:1958	tenofovir	1950:1958	Sham applicators had no detectable tenofovir.
25489736	1	104	theme	products	212:219	arg1	use					199:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use	166:201	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products	166:219	BACKGROUND Poor and inconsistent use of study products has hindered clinical HIV prevention studies.
25489736	5	105	attach	isolated	814:821	arg2	METHODS					758:764	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir	758:807	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir	758:807	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	5	105	attach	isolated	814:821	arg1	applicators					847:857	vaginally inserted applicators	828:857	vaginally inserted applicators	828:857	METHODS DNA, vaginal cells, and residual tenofovir were isolated from vaginally inserted applicators.
25489736	10	106	theme	simultaneous	1391:1402	arg1	amplification					1404:1416	simultaneous amplification	1391:1416	simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes	1391:1451	Semen exposure was independently determined by simultaneous amplification of one or both Y-chromosomal genes, SRY and TSPY4.
25489736	4	107	theme	vaginal	607:613	arg1	insertion					615:623	vaginal insertion	607:623	vaginal insertion	607:623	Herein, we present a composite, objective measure of product adherence and protocol compliance to assess vaginal insertion, semen exposure and drug expulsion utilizing DNA, protein, and drug isolated directly from returned, vaginally used gel applicators.
26981955	4	0	dep	3-hydroxyoctanoate	774:791	arg1	e.g.					769:772	e.g.	769:772	e.g.	769:772	The PHA monomer compositions were 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate), a short-chain-length-PHA, and the medium-chain-length-PHA e.g. 3-hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate.
26981955	2	1	theme	initial	406:412	arg1	40					387:388	40	387:388	40	387:388	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	1	theme	initial	406:412	arg1	pH					414:415	an initial pH	403:415	an initial pH of 7.0	403:422	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	1	2	theme	response	301:308	arg1	methodology					318:328	response surface methodology	301:328	response surface methodology	301:328	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	0	3	theme	biodiesel	92:100	arg1	source					140:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	3	theme	biodiesel	92:100	arg1	BLW					116:118	BLW	116:118	BLW	116:118	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	3	theme	biodiesel	92:100	arg1	waste					109:113	a biodiesel liquid waste	90:113	a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	90:119	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	1	4	theme	surface	310:316	arg1	methodology					318:328	response surface methodology	301:328	response surface methodology	301:328	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	7	5	theme	alginate	987:994	arg1	2.15 g/L					953:960	A 2.15 g/L	951:960	A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate,	951:995	A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate, was also produced with a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species.
26981955	0	6	theme	liquid	102:107	arg1	source					140:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	6	theme	liquid	102:107	arg1	BLW					116:118	BLW	116:118	BLW	116:118	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	6	theme	liquid	102:107	arg1	waste					109:113	a biodiesel liquid waste	90:113	a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	90:119	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	7	theme	Efficient	0:8	arg1	production					10:19	Efficient production	0:19	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.	0:146	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	7	8	theme	other	1053:1057	arg1	species					1071:1077	other Pseudomonas species	1053:1077	other Pseudomonas species	1053:1077	A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate, was also produced with a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species.
26981955	3	9	theme	20 g/L	591:596	arg1	glycerol					598:605	20 g/L glycerol	591:605	20 g/L glycerol	591:605	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	7	10	theme	exopolysaccharide	968:984	arg1	alginate					987:994	an exopolysaccharide, alginate,	965:995	alginate	987:994	A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate, was also produced with a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species.
26981955	3	11	theme	PHA	467:469	arg1	concentration					471:483	A biomass and PHA concentration	453:483	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW)	453:523	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	2	12	theme	initial	345:351	arg1	carbon					353:358	an initial carbon	342:358	an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0,	342:423	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	12	theme	initial	345:351	arg1	These					331:335	These	331:335	These	331:335	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	13	theme	40	387:388	arg1	ratio					372:376	nitrogen ratio	363:376	nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0,	363:423	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	13	theme	40	387:388	arg1	C/N					379:381	C/N	379:381	C/N	379:381	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	6	14	theme	phbC	870:873	arg1	enzyme					875:880	The phbC enzyme	866:880	The phbC enzyme	866:880	The phbC enzyme had not been previously detected in a Pseudomonas mendocina species.
26981955	5	15	theme	phaC	835:838	arg1	genes					840:844	Both the phbC and phaC genes	817:844	genes	840:844	Both the phbC and phaC genes were characterized.
26981955	0	16	theme	polyhydroxyalkanoates	24:44	arg1	production					10:19	Efficient production	0:19	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.	0:146	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	1	17	theme	biodiesel	253:261	arg1	BLW					277:279	BLW	277:279	BLW	277:279	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	1	17	theme	biodiesel	253:261	arg1	waste					270:274	a biodiesel liquid waste	251:274	a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	251:280	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	3	18	theme	biomass	455:461	arg1	concentration					471:483	A biomass and PHA concentration	453:483	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW)	453:523	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	1	19	theme	optimal	167:173	arg1	production					175:184	the optimal production	163:184	the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	163:280	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	1	20	theme	liquid	263:268	arg1	BLW					277:279	BLW	277:279	BLW	277:279	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	1	20	theme	liquid	263:268	arg1	waste					270:274	a biodiesel liquid waste	251:274	a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	251:280	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	6	21	located	detected	906:913	arg1	species					942:948	a Pseudomonas mendocina species	918:948	a Pseudomonas mendocina species	918:948	The phbC enzyme had not been previously detected in a Pseudomonas mendocina species.
26981955	6	21	located	detected	906:913	arg2	enzyme					875:880	The phbC enzyme	866:880	The phbC enzyme	866:880	The phbC enzyme had not been previously detected in a Pseudomonas mendocina species.
26981955	6	22	theme	Pseudomonas	920:930	arg1	species					942:948	a Pseudomonas mendocina species	918:948	a Pseudomonas mendocina species	918:948	The phbC enzyme had not been previously detected in a Pseudomonas mendocina species.
26981955	2	23	theme	35 °C	446:450	arg1	carbon					353:358	an initial carbon	342:358	an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0,	342:423	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	23	theme	35 °C	446:450	arg1	These					331:335	These	331:335	These	331:335	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	23	theme	35 °C	446:450	arg1	temperature					431:441	a temperature	429:441	a temperature of 35 °C	429:450	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	7	24	theme	Pseudomonas	1059:1069	arg1	species					1071:1077	other Pseudomonas species	1053:1077	other Pseudomonas species	1053:1077	A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate, was also produced with a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species.
26981955	6	25	theme	mendocina	932:940	arg1	species					942:948	a Pseudomonas mendocina species	918:948	a Pseudomonas mendocina species	918:948	The phbC enzyme had not been previously detected in a Pseudomonas mendocina species.
26981955	3	26	theme	growth	644:649	arg1	36 h					624:627	36 h	624:627	36 h of exponential growth	624:649	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	0	27	from	mendocina	70:78	arg1	production					10:19	Efficient production	0:19	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.	0:146	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	2	28	theme	nitrogen	363:370	arg1	ratio					372:376	nitrogen ratio	363:376	nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0,	363:423	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	28	theme	nitrogen	363:370	arg1	C/N					379:381	C/N	379:381	C/N	379:381	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	0	29	theme	sole	128:131	arg1	waste					109:113	a biodiesel liquid waste	90:113	a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	90:119	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	29	theme	sole	128:131	arg1	source					140:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	3	30	theme	growth	559:564	arg1	process					577:583	a growth associated process	557:583	a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth	557:649	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	3	31	theme	3.65 g/L	488:495	arg1	concentration					471:483	A biomass and PHA concentration	453:483	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW)	453:523	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	3	32	theme	exponential	632:642	arg1	growth					644:649	exponential growth	632:649	exponential growth	632:649	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	7	33	theme	similar	1022:1028	arg1	composition					1030:1040	a similar composition	1020:1040	a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species	1020:1077	A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate, was also produced with a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species.
26981955	4	34	theme	PHA	656:658	arg1	3HB					686:688	3HB	686:688	3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate)	686:708	The PHA monomer compositions were 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate), a short-chain-length-PHA, and the medium-chain-length-PHA e.g. 3-hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate.
26981955	4	34	theme	PHA	656:658	arg1	compositions					668:679	The PHA monomer compositions	652:679	The PHA monomer compositions	652:679	The PHA monomer compositions were 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate), a short-chain-length-PHA, and the medium-chain-length-PHA e.g. 3-hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate.
26981955	0	35	theme	carbon	133:138	arg1	waste					109:113	a biodiesel liquid waste	90:113	a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	90:119	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	0	35	theme	carbon	133:138	arg1	source					140:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	the sole carbon source	124:145	Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source.
26981955	5	36	theme	phbC	826:829	arg1	genes					840:844	Both the phbC and phaC genes	817:844	genes	840:844	Both the phbC and phaC genes were characterized.
26981955	2	37	theme	7.0	420:422	arg1	40					387:388	40	387:388	40	387:388	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	2	37	theme	7.0	420:422	arg1	pH					414:415	an initial pH	403:415	an initial pH of 7.0	403:422	These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C.
26981955	1	38	theme	polyhydroxyalkanoate	189:208	arg1	production					175:184	the optimal production	163:184	the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW)	163:280	Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology.
26981955	3	39	theme	2.6 g/L	507:513	arg1	concentration					471:483	A biomass and PHA concentration	453:483	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW)	453:523	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	3	40	theme	associated	566:575	arg1	process					577:583	a growth associated process	557:583	a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth	557:649	A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth.
26981955	4	41	theme	monomer	660:666	arg1	3HB					686:688	3HB	686:688	3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate)	686:708	The PHA monomer compositions were 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate), a short-chain-length-PHA, and the medium-chain-length-PHA e.g. 3-hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate.
26981955	4	41	theme	monomer	660:666	arg1	compositions					668:679	The PHA monomer compositions	652:679	The PHA monomer compositions	652:679	The PHA monomer compositions were 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate), a short-chain-length-PHA, and the medium-chain-length-PHA e.g. 3-hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate.
25019489	6	0	theme	molecular	1473:1481	arg1	self-assembly					1483:1495	molecular self-assembly	1473:1495	molecular self-assembly	1473:1495	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	engineering					1903:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	delivery					1823:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	delivery					1860:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	fields					1788:1793	various biomedical fields	1769:1793	various biomedical fields	1769:1793	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	medicine					1883:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	bioimaging					1806:1815	bioimaging	1806:1815	bioimaging	1806:1815	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	1	from	candidates	1755:1764	arg1	transfection					1838:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	2	theme	supramolecular	1695:1708	arg1	structures					1710:1719	the self-assembled supramolecular structures	1676:1719	the self-assembled supramolecular structures	1676:1719	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	4	3	from	progress	769:776	arg1	self-assembly					785:797	the self-assembly	781:797	the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers	781:837	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	6	4	from	features	1447:1454	arg1	self-assembly					1483:1495	molecular self-assembly	1473:1495	molecular self-assembly	1473:1495	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	5	5	theme	different	892:900	arg1	units					921:925	different molecular building units	892:925	different molecular building units	892:925	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	2	6	theme	binding	334:340	arg1	sites					342:346	complementary binding sites	320:346	complementary binding sites	320:346	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	8	7	theme	engineered	1975:1984	arg1	polymers					1986:1993	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1958:1993	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1958:1993	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	5	8	theme	following	996:1004	arg1	types					1018:1022	the following three major types	992:1022	the following three major types	992:1022	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	8	9	theme	biomedical	2005:2014	arg1	applications					2016:2027	their biomedical applications	1999:2027	their biomedical applications	1999:2027	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	1	10	theme	engineering	143:153	arg1	entities					172:179	engineering various chemical entities	143:179	engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties	143:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	6	11	theme	facile	1511:1516	arg1	preparation					1518:1528	facile preparation	1511:1528	facile preparation	1511:1528	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	7	12	theme	protein	1852:1858	arg1	delivery					1860:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	6	13	theme	engineered	1405:1414	arg1	polymers					1416:1423	the supramolecularly engineered polymers	1384:1423	the supramolecularly engineered polymers	1384:1423	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	4	14	theme	engineered	819:828	arg1	polymers					830:837	supramolecularly engineered polymers	802:837	supramolecularly engineered polymers	802:837	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	5	15	theme	engineered	1191:1200	arg1	polymers					1202:1209	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1174:1209	supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions	1174:1317	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	16	theme	engineered	1042:1051	arg1	polymers					1053:1060	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1025:1060	supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules	1025:1085	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	8	17	from	developments	1921:1932	arg1	self-assembly					1941:1953	the self-assembly	1937:1953	the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications	1937:2027	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	1	18	theme	chemical	163:170	arg1	entities					172:179	engineering various chemical entities	143:179	engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties	143:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	6	19	theme	interactions	1370:1381	arg1	nature					1344:1349	the reversible nature	1329:1349	the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions	1329:1381	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	6	20	theme	dynamic	1595:1601	arg1	processes					1617:1625	dynamic self-assembly processes	1595:1625	dynamic self-assembly processes	1595:1625	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	6	20	theme	dynamic	1595:1601	arg1	structures					1583:1592	structures	1583:1592	structures	1583:1592	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	8	21	theme	supramolecular	2080:2093	arg1	chemistry					2095:2103	supramolecular chemistry	2080:2103	supramolecular chemistry	2080:2103	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	5	22	theme	major	1012:1016	arg1	types					1018:1022	the following three major types	992:1022	the following three major types	992:1022	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	7	23	theme	drug	1818:1821	arg1	delivery					1823:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	5	24	theme	specific	1300:1307	arg1	functions					1309:1317	specific functions	1300:1317	specific functions	1300:1317	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	25	theme	distinct	1250:1257	arg1	morphologies					1259:1270	distinct morphologies	1250:1270	distinct morphologies	1250:1270	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	26	theme	engineered	1105:1114	arg1	polymers					1116:1123	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1088:1123	supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules	1088:1167	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	27	contain	possess	1242:1248	arg2	functions					1309:1317	specific functions	1300:1317	specific functions	1300:1317	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	27	contain	possess	1242:1248	arg2	morphologies					1259:1270	distinct morphologies	1250:1270	distinct morphologies	1250:1270	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	27	contain	possess	1242:1248	arg1	macromolecules					1220:1233	macromolecules	1220:1233	macromolecules	1220:1233	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	27	contain	possess	1242:1248	arg2	architectures					1282:1294	definite architectures	1273:1294	definite architectures	1273:1294	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	28	theme	small	1071:1075	arg1	molecules					1077:1085	small molecules	1071:1085	small molecules	1071:1085	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	4	29	theme	biomedical	856:865	arg1	applications					867:878	their biomedical applications	850:878	the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications	758:878	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	3	30	theme	dynamic	530:536	arg1	structures					546:555	dynamic tunable structures	530:555	dynamic tunable structures	530:555	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	engineering					1903:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	delivery					1823:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	delivery					1860:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	fields					1788:1793	various biomedical fields	1769:1793	various biomedical fields	1769:1793	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	medicine					1883:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	bioimaging					1806:1815	bioimaging	1806:1815	bioimaging	1806:1815	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	31	theme	various	1769:1775	arg1	transfection					1838:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	2	32	theme	noncovalent	216:226	arg1	interactions					228:239	Specific noncovalent interactions	207:239	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites	207:346	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	6	33	theme	adjustable	1628:1637	arg1	performance					1639:1649	adjustable performance	1628:1649	adjustable performance	1628:1649	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	6	33	theme	adjustable	1628:1637	arg1	structures					1583:1592	structures	1583:1592	structures	1583:1592	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	0	34	theme	polymers	45:52	arg1	Self-assembly					0:12	Self-assembly	0:12	Self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications.	0:87	Self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications.
25019489	0	35	theme	applications	75:86	arg1	Self-assembly					0:12	Self-assembly	0:12	Self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications.	0:87	Self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications.
25019489	5	36	dep	classified	976:985	arg1	polymers					1053:1060	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1025:1060	supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules	1025:1085	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	36	dep	classified	976:985	arg1	polymers					1116:1123	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1088:1123	supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules	1088:1167	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	36	dep	classified	976:985	arg1	polymers					1202:1209	supramolecularly engineered polymers	1174:1209	supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions	1174:1317	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	3	37	theme	interesting	561:571	arg1	properties					591:600	interesting physical/chemical properties	561:600	interesting physical/chemical properties	561:600	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
25019489	5	38	theme	building	912:919	arg1	units					921:925	different molecular building units	892:925	different molecular building units	892:925	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	2	39	used	used	355:358	arg2	interactions					228:239	Specific noncovalent interactions	207:239	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites	207:346	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	2	40	theme	small	264:268	arg1	molecules					270:278	functionalized small molecules	249:278	functionalized small molecules	249:278	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	7	41	theme	great	1726:1730	arg1	potential					1732:1740	great potential	1726:1740	great potential	1726:1740	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	41	theme	great	1726:1730	arg1	candidates					1755:1764	promising candidates	1745:1764	promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering	1745:1913	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	5	42	theme	small	1134:1138	arg1	molecules					1140:1148	small molecules	1134:1148	small molecules	1134:1148	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	0	43	theme	biomedical	64:73	arg1	applications					75:86	their biomedical applications	58:86	their biomedical applications	58:86	Self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications.
25019489	8	44	theme	Such	1916:1919	arg1	developments					1921:1932	Such developments	1916:1932	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications	1916:2027	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	7	45	theme	self-assembled	1680:1693	arg1	structures					1710:1719	the self-assembled supramolecular structures	1676:1719	the self-assembled supramolecular structures	1676:1719	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	2	46	theme	supramolecular	372:385	arg1	complexes					387:395	supramolecular complexes	372:395	supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers	372:514	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	2	47	theme	unique	410:415	arg1	structure					417:425	unique structure	410:425	unique structure	410:425	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	6	48	theme	reversible	1333:1342	arg1	nature					1344:1349	the reversible nature	1329:1349	the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions	1329:1381	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	6	49	theme	unique	1440:1445	arg1	features					1447:1454	unique features	1440:1454	unique features	1440:1454	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	3	50	theme	more	672:675	arg1	attention					677:685	more and more attention	663:685	more and more attention	663:685	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
25019489	7	51	theme	regenerative	1870:1881	arg1	medicine					1883:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	4	52	theme	recent	762:767	arg1	progress					769:776	the recent progress	758:776	the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications	758:878	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	3	53	theme	more	663:666	arg1	attention					677:685	more and more attention	663:685	more and more attention	663:685	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
25019489	8	54	theme	polymers	1986:1993	arg1	self-assembly					1941:1953	the self-assembly	1937:1953	the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications	1937:2027	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	5	55	theme	engineered	949:958	arg1	polymers					960:967	the supramolecularly engineered polymers	928:967	the supramolecularly engineered polymers	928:967	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	4	56	theme	feature	728:734	arg1	article					736:742	this feature article	723:742	this feature article	723:742	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	8	57	theme	applications	2016:2027	arg1	self-assembly					1941:1953	the self-assembly	1937:1953	the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications	1937:2027	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	7	58	theme	gene	1833:1836	arg1	transfection					1838:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	2	59	theme	complementary	320:332	arg1	sites					342:346	complementary binding sites	320:346	complementary binding sites	320:346	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	1	60	theme	various	155:161	arg1	entities					172:179	engineering various chemical entities	143:179	engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties	143:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	4	61	theme	polymers	830:837	arg1	self-assembly					785:797	the self-assembly	781:797	the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers	781:837	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	6	62	theme	self-assembly	1603:1615	arg1	processes					1617:1625	dynamic self-assembly processes	1595:1625	dynamic self-assembly processes	1595:1625	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	6	62	theme	self-assembly	1603:1615	arg1	structures					1583:1592	structures	1583:1592	structures	1583:1592	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	8	63	theme	interdiscipline	2049:2063	arg1	research					2065:2072	the interdiscipline research	2045:2072	the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology	2045:2164	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	1	64	theme	entities	172:179	arg1	method					133:138	a flexible method	122:138	a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties	122:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	6	65	theme	noncovalent	1358:1368	arg1	interactions					1370:1381	the noncovalent interactions	1354:1381	the noncovalent interactions	1354:1381	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	1	66	theme	tailored	186:193	arg1	properties					195:204	tailored properties	186:204	tailored properties	186:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	1	67	with	entities	172:179	arg1	properties					195:204	tailored properties	186:204	tailored properties	186:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	6	68	theme	controllable	1553:1564	arg1	morphologies					1566:1577	controllable morphologies	1553:1577	controllable morphologies	1553:1577	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	4	69	from	applications	867:878	arg1	self-assembly					785:797	the self-assembly	781:797	the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers	781:837	In this feature article, we summarize the recent progress in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers as well as their biomedical applications.
25019489	1	70	theme	Noncovalent	89:99	arg1	interactions					101:112	Noncovalent interactions	89:112	Noncovalent interactions	89:112	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	5	71	theme	units	921:925	arg1	view					884:887	view	884:887	view of different molecular building units	884:925	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	5	72	theme	definite	1273:1280	arg1	architectures					1282:1294	definite architectures	1273:1294	definite architectures	1273:1294	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	2	73	theme	polymers	445:452	arg1	properties					431:440	properties	431:440	properties	431:440	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	2	73	theme	polymers	445:452	arg1	structure					417:425	unique structure	410:425	unique structure	410:425	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	0	74	theme	engineered	34:43	arg1	polymers					45:52	supramolecularly engineered polymers	17:52	supramolecularly engineered polymers	17:52	Self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications.
25019489	8	75	theme	polymer	2106:2112	arg1	materials					2114:2122	polymer materials	2106:2122	polymer materials	2106:2122	Such developments in the self-assembly of supramolecularly engineered polymers and their biomedical applications greatly promote the interdiscipline research among supramolecular chemistry, polymer materials, biomedicine, nano-science and technology.
25019489	1	76	theme	flexible	124:131	arg1	method					133:138	a flexible method	122:138	a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties	122:204	Noncovalent interactions provide a flexible method of engineering various chemical entities with tailored properties.
25019489	2	77	theme	engineered	496:505	arg1	polymers					445:452	polymers	445:452	polymers	445:452	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	2	77	theme	engineered	496:505	arg1	polymers					507:514	supramolecularly engineered polymers	479:514	supramolecularly engineered polymers	479:514	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	3	78	theme	tunable	538:544	arg1	structures					546:555	dynamic tunable structures	530:555	dynamic tunable structures	530:555	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	engineering					1903:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	delivery					1823:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	drug delivery	1818:1830	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	delivery					1860:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	protein delivery	1852:1867	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	fields					1788:1793	various biomedical fields	1769:1793	various biomedical fields	1769:1793	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	medicine					1883:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	regenerative medicine	1870:1890	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	bioimaging					1806:1815	bioimaging	1806:1815	bioimaging	1806:1815	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	79	theme	biomedical	1777:1786	arg1	transfection					1838:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	gene transfection	1833:1849	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	80	theme	tissue	1896:1901	arg1	engineering					1903:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	tissue engineering	1896:1913	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	2	81	theme	Specific	207:214	arg1	interactions					228:239	Specific noncovalent interactions	207:239	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites	207:346	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	5	82	theme	molecular	902:910	arg1	units					921:925	different molecular building units	892:925	different molecular building units	892:925	In view of different molecular building units, the supramolecularly engineered polymers can be classified into the following three major types: supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules, supramolecularly engineered polymers built by small molecules and macromolecules, and supramolecularly engineered polymers built by macromolecules, which possess distinct morphologies, definite architectures and specific functions.
25019489	6	83	dep	and	1652:1654	arg1	so					1656:1657	so	1656:1657	so	1656:1657	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	3	84	theme	physical/chemical	573:589	arg1	properties					591:600	interesting physical/chemical properties	561:600	interesting physical/chemical properties	561:600	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
25019489	7	85	theme	promising	1745:1753	arg1	potential					1732:1740	great potential	1726:1740	great potential	1726:1740	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	7	85	theme	promising	1745:1753	arg1	candidates					1755:1764	promising candidates	1745:1764	promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering	1745:1913	Furthermore, the self-assembled supramolecular structures hold great potential as promising candidates in various biomedical fields, including bioimaging, drug delivery, gene transfection, protein delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
25019489	2	86	theme	functionalized	249:262	arg1	molecules					270:278	functionalized small molecules	249:278	functionalized small molecules	249:278	Specific noncovalent interactions between functionalized small molecules, macromolecules or both of them bearing complementary binding sites can be used to engineer supramolecular complexes that display unique structure and properties of polymers, which can be defined as supramolecularly engineered polymers.
25019489	6	87	from	advantages	1459:1468	arg1	self-assembly					1483:1495	molecular self-assembly	1473:1495	molecular self-assembly	1473:1495	Owing to the reversible nature of the noncovalent interactions, the supramolecularly engineered polymers have exhibited unique features or advantages in molecular self-assembly, for example, facile preparation and functionalization, controllable morphologies and structures, dynamic self-assembly processes, adjustable performance, and so on.
25019489	3	88	theme	engineered	620:629	arg1	polymers					631:638	supramolecularly engineered polymers	603:638	supramolecularly engineered polymers	603:638	Due to their dynamic tunable structures and interesting physical/chemical properties, supramolecularly engineered polymers have recently received more and more attention from both academia and industry.
27974688	0	0	theme	current	70:76	arg1	compounds					94:102	current and prospective compounds	70:102	current and prospective compounds	70:102	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	4	1	theme	treatment	827:835	arg1	targets					849:855	targets	849:855	targets	849:855	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	1	theme	treatment	827:835	arg1	strategies					837:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	1	theme	treatment	827:835	arg1	modulators					864:873	modulators	864:873	modulators	864:873	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	2	2	theme	treatment	326:334	arg1	strategies					336:345	Current medical treatment strategies	310:345	Current medical treatment strategies of UC	310:351	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	5	3	theme	different	1181:1189	arg1	compounds					1191:1199	different compounds	1181:1199	different compounds	1181:1199	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	5	4	theme	multi-parameters	1114:1129	arg1	tool					1142:1145	a multi-parameters comparison tool	1112:1145	a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool -	1092:1147	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	4	5	theme	current	907:913	arg1	compounds					931:939	current and prospective compounds	907:939	current and prospective compounds	907:939	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	3	6	theme	treatment	601:609	arg1	agent					611:615	no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy	582:631	agent	611:615	To date, however, there is no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy capable of effectively controlling colitis progression throughout the patient's life without side effects, remission, or resistance.
27974688	4	7	theme	urgent	795:800	arg1	need					802:805	an urgent need	792:805	an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation	792:889	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	1	8	theme	chronic	134:140	arg1	disorder					164:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	1	8	theme	chronic	134:140	arg1	colitis					116:122	Ulcerative colitis	105:122	Ulcerative colitis (UC)	105:127	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	5	9	theme	compounds	1191:1199	arg1	potency					1170:1176	biological potency	1159:1176	biological potency of different compounds	1159:1199	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	5	10	theme	comparison	1131:1140	arg1	tool					1142:1145	a multi-parameters comparison tool	1112:1145	a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool -	1092:1147	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	0	11	theme	prospective	82:92	arg1	compounds					94:102	current and prospective compounds	70:102	current and prospective compounds	70:102	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	5	12	dep	score	1104:1108	arg1	tool					1142:1145	a multi-parameters comparison tool	1112:1145	a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool -	1092:1147	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	1	13	theme	relapsing	217:225	arg1	course					241:246	a relapsing and remitting course	215:246	a relapsing and remitting course	215:246	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	2	14	theme	Current	310:316	arg1	strategies					336:345	Current medical treatment strategies	310:345	Current medical treatment strategies of UC	310:351	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	0	15	theme	compounds	94:102	arg1	analysis					58:65	A comparative analysis	44:65	A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds	44:102	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	3	16	theme	capable	633:639	arg1	agent					611:615	no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy	582:631	agent	611:615	To date, however, there is no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy capable of effectively controlling colitis progression throughout the patient's life without side effects, remission, or resistance.
27974688	2	17	theme	UC	409:410	arg1	symptoms					397:404	symptoms	397:404	symptoms	397:404	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	2	17	theme	UC	409:410	arg1	signs					387:391	the signs	383:391	the signs	383:391	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	5	18	theme	composite	1094:1102	arg1	score					1104:1108	a composite score	1092:1108	a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool -	1092:1147	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	4	19	theme	colitis	1064:1070	arg1	model					1055:1059	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model	1018:1059	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis	1018:1070	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	1	20	theme	remitting	231:239	arg1	course					241:246	a relapsing and remitting course	215:246	a relapsing and remitting course	215:246	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	2	21	theme	disease	546:552	arg1	cause					537:541	the cause	533:541	the cause of disease	533:552	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	1	22	dep	chronic	134:140	arg1	inflammatory					151:162	inflammatory	151:162	inflammatory	151:162	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	2	23	theme	UC	350:351	arg1	strategies					336:345	Current medical treatment strategies	310:345	Current medical treatment strategies of UC	310:351	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	2	24	theme	symptoms	397:404	arg1	inhibition					369:378	inhibition	369:378	inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC	369:410	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	2	25	theme	signs	387:391	arg1	inhibition					369:378	inhibition	369:378	inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC	369:410	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	3	26	theme	colitis	668:674	arg1	progression					676:686	colitis progression	668:686	colitis progression	668:686	To date, however, there is no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy capable of effectively controlling colitis progression throughout the patient's life without side effects, remission, or resistance.
27974688	2	27	theme	medical	318:324	arg1	strategies					336:345	Current medical treatment strategies	310:345	Current medical treatment strategies of UC	310:351	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	4	28	theme	mouse	1049:1053	arg1	model					1055:1059	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model	1018:1059	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis	1018:1070	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	1	29	theme	colon	180:184	arg1	disorder					164:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	1	29	theme	colon	180:184	arg1	colitis					116:122	Ulcerative colitis	105:122	Ulcerative colitis (UC)	105:127	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	0	30	theme	anti-colitis	21:32	arg1	medicine					34:41	the best anti-colitis medicine	12:41	the best anti-colitis medicine	12:41	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	4	31	theme	prospective	919:929	arg1	compounds					931:939	current and prospective compounds	907:939	current and prospective compounds	907:939	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	0	32	theme	best	16:19	arg1	medicine					34:41	the best anti-colitis medicine	12:41	the best anti-colitis medicine	12:41	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	2	33	theme	activity	463:470	arg1	relapse					444:450	relapse	444:450	relapse of disease activity	444:470	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	4	34	theme	colitis	945:951	arg1	treatment					953:961	colitis treatment	945:961	colitis treatment	945:961	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	35	theme	inflammation	878:889	arg1	targets					849:855	targets	849:855	targets	849:855	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	35	theme	inflammation	878:889	arg1	strategies					837:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	36	theme	colitis	819:825	arg1	targets					849:855	targets	849:855	targets	849:855	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	36	theme	colitis	819:825	arg1	strategies					837:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	36	theme	colitis	819:825	arg1	modulators					864:873	modulators	864:873	modulators	864:873	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	1	37	theme	Ulcerative	105:114	arg1	disorder					164:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	1	37	theme	Ulcerative	105:114	arg1	UC					125:126	UC	125:126	UC	125:126	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	1	37	theme	Ulcerative	105:114	arg1	colitis					116:122	Ulcerative colitis	105:122	Ulcerative colitis (UC)	105:127	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	1	38	theme	progression	272:282	arg1	risk					264:267	risk	264:267	risk of progression toward colorectal cancer	264:307	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	4	39	theme	new	815:817	arg1	targets					849:855	targets	849:855	targets	849:855	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	39	theme	new	815:817	arg1	strategies					837:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	the new colitis treatment strategies	811:846	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	39	theme	new	815:817	arg1	modulators					864:873	modulators	864:873	modulators	864:873	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	3	40	theme	single	585:590	arg1	agent					611:615	no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy	582:631	agent	611:615	To date, however, there is no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy capable of effectively controlling colitis progression throughout the patient's life without side effects, remission, or resistance.
27974688	4	41	theme	dextran	1020:1026	arg1	DSS					1044:1046	DSS	1044:1046	DSS	1044:1046	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	41	theme	dextran	1020:1026	arg1	sodium					1036:1041	dextran sulfate sodium	1020:1041	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis	1018:1070	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	3	42	theme	reliable	592:599	arg1	agent					611:615	no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy	582:631	agent	611:615	To date, however, there is no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy capable of effectively controlling colitis progression throughout the patient's life without side effects, remission, or resistance.
27974688	2	43	theme	life	509:512	arg1	quality					498:504	quality	498:504	quality of life	498:512	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	1	44	dep	has	211:213	arg1	disorder					164:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder	132:171	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	1	44	dep	has	211:213	arg1	colitis					116:122	Ulcerative colitis	105:122	Ulcerative colitis (UC)	105:127	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	4	45	theme	sodium	1036:1041	arg1	model					1055:1059	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model	1018:1059	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis	1018:1070	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	2	46	from	impact	488:493	arg1	quality					498:504	quality	498:504	quality of life	498:512	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	2	47	theme	disease	455:461	arg1	activity					463:470	disease activity	455:470	disease activity	455:470	Current medical treatment strategies of UC mostly focus on inhibition of the signs and symptoms of UC to induce remission and prevent relapse of disease activity, minimizing the impact on quality of life, but not affecting the cause of disease.
27974688	4	48	theme	sulfate	1028:1034	arg1	DSS					1044:1046	DSS	1044:1046	DSS	1044:1046	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	4	48	theme	sulfate	1028:1034	arg1	sodium					1036:1041	dextran sulfate sodium	1020:1041	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis	1018:1070	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
27974688	3	49	theme	side	726:729	arg1	effects					731:737	side effects	726:737	side effects	726:737	To date, however, there is no single reliable treatment agent and/or strategy capable of effectively controlling colitis progression throughout the patient's life without side effects, remission, or resistance.
27974688	0	50	theme	comparative	46:56	arg1	analysis					58:65	A comparative analysis	44:65	A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds	44:102	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	1	51	theme	colorectal	291:300	arg1	cancer					302:307	colorectal cancer	291:307	colorectal cancer	291:307	Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disorder of the colon, which, while untreated, has a relapsing and remitting course with increasing risk of progression toward colorectal cancer.
27974688	0	52	dep	Looking	0:6	arg1	analysis					58:65	A comparative analysis	44:65	A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds	44:102	Looking for the best anti-colitis medicine: A comparative analysis of current and prospective compounds.
27974688	5	53	theme	biological	1159:1168	arg1	potency					1170:1176	biological potency	1159:1176	biological potency of different compounds	1159:1199	We have introduced a composite score - a multi-parameters comparison tool - to assess biological potency of different compounds.
27974688	4	54	theme	anti-colitis	991:1002	arg1	potency					1004:1010	their anti-colitis potency	985:1010	their anti-colitis potency	985:1010	Taking into consideration an urgent need for the new colitis treatment strategies, targets and/or modulators of inflammation, we have tested current and prospective compounds for colitis treatment and directly compared their anti-colitis potency using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of colitis.
25847760	4	0	theme	characteristic	852:865	arg1	composition					877:887	characteristic molecular composition	852:887	characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin	852:916	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	2	1	from	wt	485:486	arg1	inulin					526:531	the commercially available chicory inulin	491:531	the commercially available chicory inulin	491:531	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	2	theme	available	508:516	arg1	inulin					526:531	the commercially available chicory inulin	491:531	the commercially available chicory inulin	491:531	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	3	contain	contain	408:414	arg2	%					430:430	45.4%	426:430	45.4% (dry wt) inulin	426:446	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	3	contain	contain	408:414	arg1	AF					383:384	AF	383:384	AF	383:384	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	3	contain	contain	408:414	arg2	wt					437:438	dry wt	433:438	dry wt	433:438	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	3	contain	contain	408:414	arg2	%					420:420	65.5%	416:420	65.5%	416:420	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	3	contain	contain	408:414	arg1	powders					400:406	TJ inulin powders	390:406	TJ inulin powders	390:406	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	4	4	contain	have	847:850	arg1	AF					829:830	the developed AF and TJ inulins	815:845	AF	829:830	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	4	4	contain	have	847:850	arg1	inulins					839:845	the developed AF and TJ inulins	815:845	inulins	839:845	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	4	4	contain	have	847:850	arg2	composition					877:887	characteristic molecular composition	852:887	characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin	852:916	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	3	5	theme	micro	653:657	arg1	contents					641:648	their contents	635:648	their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements	635:709	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	5	6	theme	mg	1162:1163	arg1	QE/g					1165:1168	0.43 mg QE/g	1157:1168	0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids	1157:1188	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	1	7	theme	Asparagus	174:182	arg1	AF					194:195	AF	194:195	AF	194:195	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	1	7	theme	Asparagus	174:182	arg1	falcatus					184:191	Asparagus falcatus	174:191	Asparagus falcatus (AF)	174:196	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	2	8	theme	%	479:479	arg1	wt					485:486	72% dry wt	477:486	72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin	477:531	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	9	theme	Inulin	254:259	arg1	content					261:267	Inulin content	254:267	Inulin content	254:267	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	4	10	theme	Enzymatic	712:720	arg1	hydrolysis					722:731	Enzymatic hydrolysis	712:731	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses	712:801	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	1	11	theme	Sri	243:245	arg1	Lanka					247:251	Sri Lanka	243:251	Sri Lanka	243:251	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	6	12	from	roots	1306:1310	arg1	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	12	from	roots	1306:1310	arg1	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	5	13	theme	antioxidant	1053:1063	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	13	theme	antioxidant	1053:1063	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	6	14	theme	TJ	1303:1304	arg1	roots					1306:1310	TJ roots	1303:1310	TJ roots	1303:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	1	15	theme	developed	121:129	arg1	powders					138:144	Newly developed inulin powders	115:144	Newly developed inulin powders	115:144	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	4	16	theme	FT-IR	788:792	arg1	analyses					794:801	FT-IR analyses	788:801	FT-IR analyses	788:801	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	0	17	theme	purified	53:60	arg1	inulin					62:67	partially purified inulin	43:67	partially purified inulin	43:67	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	2	18	theme	dry	433:435	arg1	wt					437:438	dry wt	433:438	dry wt	433:438	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	18	theme	dry	433:435	arg1	%					430:430	45.4%	426:430	45.4% (dry wt) inulin	426:446	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	5	19	theme	antioxidant	1210:1220	arg1	capacity					1222:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	20	dep	micro	653:657	arg1	Fe					672:673	Fe	672:673	Fe	672:673	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	3	20	dep	micro	653:657	arg1	Mn					668:669	Mn	668:669	Mn	668:669	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	3	20	dep	micro	653:657	arg1	Cu					664:665	Cu	664:665	Cu	664:665	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	3	20	dep	micro	653:657	arg1	Zn					660:661	Zn	660:661	Zn	660:661	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	5	21	theme	flavonoids	1179:1188	arg1	capacity					1222:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	21	theme	flavonoids	1179:1188	arg1	QE/g					1165:1168	0.43 mg QE/g	1157:1168	0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids	1157:1188	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	21	theme	flavonoids	1179:1188	arg1	GAE/g					1131:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g	1123:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics	1123:1154	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	22	theme	TJ	919:920	arg1	inulin					922:927	TJ inulin	919:927	TJ inulin	919:927	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	23	theme	AF	1096:1097	arg1	inulin					1099:1104	AF inulin	1096:1104	AF inulin	1096:1104	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	0	24	theme	pure	94:97	arg1	inulin					107:112	commercially pure chicory inulin	81:112	commercially pure chicory inulin	81:112	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	6	25	theme	commercial	1344:1353	arg1	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	25	theme	commercial	1344:1353	arg1	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	4	26	theme	TJ	836:837	arg1	inulins					839:845	the developed AF and TJ inulins	815:845	inulins	839:845	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	5	27	dep	greater	964:970	arg1	<					956:956	P < 0.05	954:961	P < 0.05	954:961	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	28	theme	mM	1202:1203	arg1	capacity					1222:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	29	dep	significantly	602:614	arg1	<					619:619	P < 0.05	617:624	P < 0.05	617:624	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	5	30	theme	mM	1082:1083	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	30	theme	mM	1082:1083	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	2	31	theme	TJ	390:391	arg1	powders					400:406	TJ inulin powders	390:406	TJ inulin powders	390:406	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	0	32	theme	properties	14:23	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.	0:113	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	6	33	from	AF	1296:1297	arg1	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	33	from	AF	1296:1297	arg1	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	0	34	theme	new	28:30	arg1	sources					32:38	new sources	28:38	new sources of partially purified inulin	28:67	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	3	35	theme	TJ	554:555	arg1	powders					564:570	the AF and TJ inulin powders	543:570	powders	564:570	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	4	36	theme	commercial	900:909	arg1	inulin					911:916	commercial inulin	900:916	commercial inulin	900:916	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	5	37	theme	phenolics	1146:1154	arg1	capacity					1222:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	37	theme	phenolics	1146:1154	arg1	QE/g					1165:1168	0.43 mg QE/g	1157:1168	0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids	1157:1188	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	37	theme	phenolics	1146:1154	arg1	GAE/g					1131:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g	1123:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics	1123:1154	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	38	theme	total	1016:1020	arg1	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	38	theme	total	1016:1020	arg1	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	39	theme	ion	578:580	arg1	techniques					591:600	ion exchange techniques	578:600	ion exchange techniques	578:600	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	2	40	theme	liquid	339:344	arg1	methods					362:368	enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods	282:368	enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods	282:368	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	1	41	theme	javanicum	212:220	arg1	plants					227:232	Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants	174:232	Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka	174:251	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	4	42	theme	molecular	867:875	arg1	composition					877:887	characteristic molecular composition	852:887	characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin	852:916	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	5	43	theme	mg	1128:1129	arg1	GAE/g					1131:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g	1123:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics	1123:1154	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	44	contain	contained	1113:1121	arg2	QE/g					1165:1168	0.43 mg QE/g	1157:1168	0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids	1157:1188	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	44	contain	contained	1113:1121	arg2	capacity					1222:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	44	contain	contained	1113:1121	arg1	inulin					1099:1104	AF inulin	1096:1104	AF inulin	1096:1104	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	44	contain	contained	1113:1121	arg2	GAE/g					1131:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g	1123:1135	1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics	1123:1154	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	45	theme	mg	1005:1006	arg1	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	45	theme	mg	1005:1006	arg1	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	2	46	theme	chicory	518:524	arg1	inulin					526:531	the commercially available chicory inulin	491:531	the commercially available chicory inulin	491:531	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	6	47	used	used	1321:1324	arg2	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	47	used	used	1321:1324	arg2	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	4	48	theme	similar	889:895	arg1	composition					877:887	characteristic molecular composition	852:887	characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin	852:916	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	5	49	theme	total	1173:1177	arg1	flavonoids					1179:1188	total flavonoids	1173:1188	total flavonoids	1173:1188	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	1	50	theme	plants	227:232	arg1	roots					165:169	roots	165:169	roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka	165:251	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	6	51	theme	developed	1274:1282	arg1	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	51	theme	developed	1274:1282	arg1	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	5	52	theme	0.43	1157:1160	arg1	mg					1162:1163	mg	1162:1163	mg	1162:1163	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	1	53	theme	falcatus	184:191	arg1	plants					227:232	Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants	174:232	Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka	174:251	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	4	54	theme	inulin	736:741	arg1	hydrolysis					722:731	Enzymatic hydrolysis	712:731	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses	712:801	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	6	55	theme	current	1236:1242	arg1	study					1244:1248	The current study	1232:1248	The current study	1232:1248	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	2	56	theme	dry	481:483	arg1	wt					485:486	72% dry wt	477:486	72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin	477:531	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	6	57	theme	food	1380:1383	arg1	industry					1385:1392	the food industry	1376:1392	the food industry	1376:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	amounts					972:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts	939:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	939:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	58	theme	capacity	1065:1072	arg1	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	0	59	theme	inulin	62:67	arg1	sources					32:38	new sources	28:38	new sources of partially purified inulin	28:67	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	1	60	theme	inulin	131:136	arg1	powders					138:144	Newly developed inulin powders	115:144	Newly developed inulin powders	115:144	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	5	61	theme	mg	1039:1040	arg1	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	61	theme	mg	1039:1040	arg1	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	62	theme	P	954:954	arg1	<					956:956	P < 0.05	954:961	P < 0.05	954:961	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	63	theme	elements	702:709	arg1	contents					641:648	their contents	635:648	their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements	635:709	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	2	64	theme	72	477:478	arg1	%					479:479	%	479:479	%	479:479	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	2	65	dep	%	430:430	arg1	inulin					441:446	inulin	441:446	45.4% (dry wt) inulin	426:446	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	6	66	theme	inulin	1365:1370	arg1	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	66	theme	inulin	1365:1370	arg1	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg1	inulin					922:927	TJ inulin	919:927	TJ inulin	919:927	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	amounts					972:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts	939:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	939:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	67	contain	contained	929:937	arg2	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	68	theme	macro	680:684	arg1	elements					702:709	micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements	653:709	elements	702:709	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	0	69	theme	chicory	99:105	arg1	inulin					107:112	commercially pure chicory inulin	81:112	commercially pure chicory inulin	81:112	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	5	70	theme	406.26	1195:1200	arg1	mM					1202:1203	mM	1202:1203	mM	1202:1203	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	1	71	theme	Taraxacum	202:210	arg1	javanicum					212:220	Taraxacum javanicum	202:220	Taraxacum javanicum (TJ)	202:225	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	1	71	theme	Taraxacum	202:210	arg1	TJ					223:224	TJ	223:224	TJ	223:224	Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka.
25847760	6	72	theme	alternative	1332:1342	arg1	source					1355:1360	an alternative commercial source	1329:1360	an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry	1329:1392	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	6	72	theme	alternative	1332:1342	arg1	inulin					1284:1289	the newly developed inulin	1264:1289	the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots	1264:1310	The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
25847760	5	73	theme	TE/g	1205:1208	arg1	capacity					1222:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity	1195:1229	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	74	theme	833.11	1075:1080	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	74	theme	833.11	1075:1080	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	2	75	theme	chromatographic	346:360	arg1	methods					362:368	enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods	282:368	enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods	282:368	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	amounts					972:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts	939:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	939:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	76	theme	phenolics	989:997	arg1	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	77	dep	elements	702:709	arg1	Mg					698:699	Mg	698:699	Mg	698:699	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	3	77	dep	elements	702:709	arg1	Ca					694:695	Ca	694:695	Ca	694:695	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	3	77	dep	elements	702:709	arg1	K					691:691	K	691:691	K	691:691	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	3	77	dep	elements	702:709	arg1	Na					687:688	Na	687:688	Na	687:688	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	2	78	theme	inulin	393:398	arg1	powders					400:406	TJ inulin powders	390:406	TJ inulin powders	390:406	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	3	79	theme	inulin	557:562	arg1	powders					564:570	the AF and TJ inulin powders	543:570	powders	564:570	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	0	80	theme	sources	32:38	arg1	properties					14:23	properties	14:23	properties of new sources of partially purified inulin	14:67	Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	amounts					972:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts	939:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	939:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	81	theme	greater	964:970	arg1	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	4	82	theme	developed	819:827	arg1	AF					829:830	the developed AF and TJ inulins	815:845	AF	829:830	Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin.
25847760	3	83	theme	exchange	582:589	arg1	techniques					591:600	ion exchange techniques	578:600	ion exchange techniques	578:600	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	5	84	theme	total	1140:1144	arg1	phenolics					1146:1154	total phenolics	1140:1154	total phenolics	1140:1154	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	2	85	theme	spectrophotometric	292:309	arg1	methods					362:368	enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods	282:368	enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods	282:368	Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	QE/g					1042:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	2.79 mg QE/g	1034:1045	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	TE/g					1085:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	833.11 mM TE/g	1075:1088	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	flavonoids					1022:1031	total flavonoids	1016:1031	total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g)	1016:1046	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	amounts					972:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts	939:978	significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	939:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	capacity					1065:1072	antioxidant capacity	1053:1072	antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g)	1053:1089	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	86	theme	flavonoids	1022:1031	arg1	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	87	theme	total	983:987	arg1	phenolics					989:997	total phenolics	983:997	total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g)	983:1013	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	5	87	theme	total	983:987	arg1	GAE/g					1008:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	4.37 mg GAE/g	1000:1012	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
25847760	3	88	theme	P	617:617	arg1	<					619:619	P < 0.05	617:624	P < 0.05	617:624	Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements.
25847760	5	89	theme	1.33	1123:1126	arg1	mg					1128:1129	mg	1128:1129	mg	1128:1129	TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity.
27177456	8	0	theme	biphasic	1260:1267	arg1	process					1277:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	0	theme	biphasic	1260:1267	arg1	profile					1219:1225	In vitro release profile	1202:1225	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin	1202:1240	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	1	theme	nanodroplets	456:467	arg1	size					343:346	particle size	334:346	particle size	334:346	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	1	theme	nanodroplets	456:467	arg1	efficiency					360:369	entrapment efficiency	349:369	entrapment efficiency	349:369	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	1	theme	nanodroplets	456:467	arg1	kinetics					389:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	6	2	theme	polymer	917:923	arg1	concentration					925:937	polymer concentration	917:937	polymer concentration	917:937	Entrapment efficiency increased by increasing polymer concentration.
27177456	7	3	theme	drug	980:983	arg1	amount					985:990	drug amount	980:990	drug amount	980:990	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	1	4	theme	co-surfactant	296:308	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	4	theme	co-surfactant	296:308	arg1	inclusion					310:318	co-surfactant inclusion	296:318	co-surfactant inclusion	296:318	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	5	theme	7	1289:1289	arg1	%					1290:1290	%	1290:1290	%	1290:1290	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	6	theme	formulation	176:186	arg1	polymer-alginate-concentration					189:218	polymer-alginate-concentration	189:218	polymer-alginate-concentration	189:218	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	6	theme	formulation	176:186	arg1	amount					252:257	drug amount	247:257	drug amount	247:257	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	6	theme	formulation	176:186	arg1	inclusion					310:318	co-surfactant inclusion	296:318	co-surfactant inclusion	296:318	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	6	theme	formulation	176:186	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	6	theme	formulation	176:186	arg1	concentration					232:244	surfactant concentration	221:244	surfactant concentration	221:244	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	6	theme	formulation	176:186	arg1	fraction					283:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	7	theme	-13	1291:1293	arg1	%					1290:1290	%	1290:1290	%	1290:1290	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	3	8	theme	particle	665:672	arg1	size					674:677	particle size	665:677	particle size	665:677	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	7	9	theme	doxorubicin	1178:1188	arg1	entrapment					1190:1199	doxorubicin entrapment	1178:1199	doxorubicin entrapment	1178:1199	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	1	10	theme	alginate	420:427	arg1	nanodroplets					456:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	11	theme	surfactant	221:230	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	11	theme	surfactant	221:230	arg1	concentration					232:244	surfactant concentration	221:244	surfactant concentration	221:244	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	12	theme	39.2nm	1527:1532	arg1	size					1543:1546	39.2nm diameter size	1527:1546	39.2nm diameter size	1527:1546	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	13	dep	In	1202:1203	arg1	vitro					1205:1209	vitro	1205:1209	vitro	1205:1209	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	14	theme	perfluorohexane	440:454	arg1	nanodroplets					456:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	15	theme	24h	1319:1321	arg1	incubation					1323:1332	24h incubation	1319:1332	24h incubation in PBS	1319:1339	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	16	theme	nanodroplets	1367:1378	arg1	composition					1380:1390	the nanodroplets composition	1363:1390	the nanodroplets composition	1363:1390	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	7	17	theme	certain	1110:1116	arg1	limit					1118:1122	a certain limit	1108:1122	a certain limit	1108:1122	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	8	18	theme	92.2	1552:1555	arg1	%					1556:1556	%	1556:1556	%	1556:1556	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	3	19	from	decrease	653:660	arg1	efficiency					706:715	entrapment efficiency	695:715	entrapment efficiency	695:715	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	3	19	from	decrease	653:660	arg1	size					674:677	particle size	665:677	particle size	665:677	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	1	20	theme	process	141:147	arg1	effect					131:136	the effect	127:136	the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	127:467	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	2	21	theme	process	577:583	arg1	variables					585:593	formulation and process variables	561:593	variables	585:593	Particle size and doxorubicin entrapment efficiency were highly affected by formulation and process variables.
27177456	8	22	theme	entrapment	1558:1567	arg1	efficiency					1569:1578	92.2% entrapment efficiency	1552:1578	92.2% entrapment efficiency	1552:1578	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	4	23	theme	particle	794:801	arg1	size					803:806	particle size	794:806	particle size	794:806	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	0	24	theme	alginate	72:79	arg1	characterization					36:51	characterization	36:51	characterization	36:51	Formulation design, preparation and characterization of multifunctional alginate stabilized nanodroplets.
27177456	0	24	theme	alginate	72:79	arg1	preparation					20:30	preparation	20:30	preparation	20:30	Formulation design, preparation and characterization of multifunctional alginate stabilized nanodroplets.
27177456	0	24	theme	alginate	72:79	arg1	design					12:17	Formulation design	0:17	Formulation design	0:17	Formulation design, preparation and characterization of multifunctional alginate stabilized nanodroplets.
27177456	1	25	theme	homogenization	150:163	arg1	process					141:147	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	process	141:147	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	25	theme	homogenization	150:163	arg1	speed					165:169	homogenization speed	150:169	homogenization speed	150:169	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	2	26	theme	formulation	561:571	arg1	variables					585:593	formulation and process variables	561:593	variables	585:593	Particle size and doxorubicin entrapment efficiency were highly affected by formulation and process variables.
27177456	3	27	from	Increase	596:603	arg1	homogenization					608:621	homogenization speed	608:627	homogenization speed	608:627	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	1	28	theme	release	381:387	arg1	kinetics					389:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	29	from	formulation	1494:1504	arg1	release					1448:1454	triggered release	1438:1454	triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency)	1438:1579	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	2	30	theme	entrapment	515:524	arg1	efficiency					526:535	doxorubicin entrapment efficiency	503:535	doxorubicin entrapment efficiency	503:535	Particle size and doxorubicin entrapment efficiency were highly affected by formulation and process variables.
27177456	0	31	theme	Formulation	0:10	arg1	design					12:17	Formulation design	0:17	Formulation design	0:17	Formulation design, preparation and characterization of multifunctional alginate stabilized nanodroplets.
27177456	7	32	dep	them	1096:1099	arg1	behind					1101:1106	behind	1101:1106	behind a certain limit	1101:1122	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	2	33	theme	Particle	485:492	arg1	size					494:497	Particle size	485:497	Particle size	485:497	Particle size and doxorubicin entrapment efficiency were highly affected by formulation and process variables.
27177456	1	34	theme	variables	321:329	arg1	effect					131:136	the effect	127:136	the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	127:467	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	35	theme	particle	334:341	arg1	size					343:346	particle size	334:346	particle size	334:346	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	36	theme	In	1202:1203	arg1	profile					1219:1225	In vitro release profile	1202:1225	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin	1202:1240	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	36	theme	In	1202:1203	arg1	process					1277:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	37	theme	release	1211:1217	arg1	profile					1219:1225	In vitro release profile	1202:1225	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin	1202:1240	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	37	theme	release	1211:1217	arg1	process					1277:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	38	theme	formulation	1507:1517	arg1	E1					1519:1520	formulation E1	1507:1520	formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency	1507:1578	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	7	39	theme	optimum	1037:1043	arg1	values					1045:1050	optimum values	1037:1050	optimum values	1037:1050	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	1	40	theme	drug	247:250	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	40	theme	drug	247:250	arg1	amount					252:257	drug amount	247:257	drug amount	247:257	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	4	41	contain	had	772:774	arg2	effect					784:789	similar effect	776:789	similar effect	776:789	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	4	41	contain	had	772:774	arg1	concentration					726:738	Polymer concentration	718:738	Polymer concentration	718:738	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	4	41	contain	had	772:774	arg1	amount					760:765	perfluorohexane amount	744:765	perfluorohexane amount	744:765	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	1	42	theme	volume	276:281	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	42	theme	volume	276:281	arg1	fraction					283:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	7	43	from	decrease	1166:1173	arg1	entrapment					1190:1199	doxorubicin entrapment	1178:1199	doxorubicin entrapment	1178:1199	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	7	43	from	decrease	1166:1173	arg1	size					1157:1160	particle size	1148:1160	particle size	1148:1160	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	7	44	theme	particle	993:1000	arg1	size					1002:1005	particle size	993:1005	particle size	993:1005	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	8	45	theme	release	1269:1275	arg1	process					1277:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	45	theme	release	1269:1275	arg1	profile					1219:1225	In vitro release profile	1202:1225	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin	1202:1240	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	4	46	theme	similar	776:782	arg1	effect					784:789	similar effect	776:789	similar effect	776:789	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	5	47	theme	Particle	809:816	arg1	size					818:821	Particle size	809:821	Particle size	809:821	Particle size increased by an increase in the amount of both.
27177456	6	48	theme	Entrapment	871:880	arg1	efficiency					882:891	Entrapment efficiency	871:891	Entrapment efficiency	871:891	Entrapment efficiency increased by increasing polymer concentration.
27177456	3	49	theme	significant	641:651	arg1	decrease					653:660	significant decrease	641:660	significant decrease in particle size	641:677	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	7	50	theme	surfactant	951:960	arg1	concentration					962:974	surfactant concentration	951:974	surfactant concentration	951:974	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	8	51	theme	diameter	1534:1541	arg1	size					1543:1546	39.2nm diameter size	1527:1546	39.2nm diameter size	1527:1546	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	52	theme	stabilized	429:438	arg1	nanodroplets					456:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	53	theme	drug	1299:1302	arg1	%					1294:1294	7%-13%	1289:1294	7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4,	1289:1348	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	53	theme	drug	1299:1302	arg1	process					1277:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	53	theme	drug	1299:1302	arg1	pH=7.4					1342:1347	pH=7.4	1342:1347	pH=7.4	1342:1347	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	53	theme	drug	1299:1302	arg1	drug					1299:1302	drug	1299:1302	drug released after 24h incubation in PBS	1299:1339	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	53	theme	drug	1299:1302	arg1	profile					1219:1225	In vitro release profile	1202:1225	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin	1202:1240	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	4	54	theme	perfluorohexane	744:758	arg1	amount					760:765	perfluorohexane amount	744:765	perfluorohexane amount	744:765	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	8	55	with	E1	1519:1520	arg1	size					1543:1546	39.2nm diameter size	1527:1546	39.2nm diameter size	1527:1546	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	55	with	E1	1519:1520	arg1	efficiency					1569:1578	92.2% entrapment efficiency	1552:1578	92.2% entrapment efficiency	1552:1578	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	7	56	theme	particle	1148:1155	arg1	size					1157:1160	particle size	1148:1160	particle size	1148:1160	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	5	57	from	increase	839:846	arg1	both					865:868	both	865:868	both	865:868	Particle size increased by an increase in the amount of both.
27177456	5	57	from	increase	839:846	arg1	amount					855:860	the amount	851:860	the amount of both	851:868	Particle size increased by an increase in the amount of both.
27177456	8	58	theme	%	1556:1556	arg1	efficiency					1569:1578	92.2% entrapment efficiency	1552:1578	92.2% entrapment efficiency	1552:1578	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	59	from	incubation	1323:1332	arg1	PBS					1337:1339	PBS	1337:1339	PBS	1337:1339	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	7	60	from	increase	1059:1066	arg1	concentration					1071:1083	concentration	1071:1083	concentration of both of them behind a certain limit	1071:1122	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	3	61	theme	entrapment	695:704	arg1	efficiency					706:715	entrapment efficiency	695:715	entrapment efficiency	695:715	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	8	62	dep	formulation	1494:1504	arg1	E1					1519:1520	formulation E1	1507:1520	formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency	1507:1578	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	63	dep	variables	321:329	arg1	polymer-alginate-concentration					189:218	polymer-alginate-concentration	189:218	polymer-alginate-concentration	189:218	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	63	dep	variables	321:329	arg1	amount					252:257	drug amount	247:257	drug amount	247:257	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	63	dep	variables	321:329	arg1	inclusion					310:318	co-surfactant inclusion	296:318	co-surfactant inclusion	296:318	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	63	dep	variables	321:329	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	63	dep	variables	321:329	arg1	concentration					232:244	surfactant concentration	221:244	surfactant concentration	221:244	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	63	dep	variables	321:329	arg1	fraction					283:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	64	theme	ultrasound	1396:1405	arg1	exposure					1407:1414	ultrasound exposure	1396:1414	ultrasound exposure for 10min	1396:1424	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	5	65	theme	both	865:868	arg1	both					865:868	both	865:868	both	865:868	Particle size increased by an increase in the amount of both.
27177456	5	65	theme	both	865:868	arg1	amount					855:860	the amount	851:860	the amount of both	851:868	Particle size increased by an increase in the amount of both.
27177456	1	66	theme	drug	376:379	arg1	kinetics					389:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	7	67	theme	both	1088:1091	arg1	concentration					1071:1083	concentration	1071:1083	concentration of both of them behind a certain limit	1071:1122	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	8	68	theme	triggered	1438:1446	arg1	release					1448:1454	triggered release	1438:1454	triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency)	1438:1579	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	69	theme	doxorubicin-loaded	401:418	arg1	nanodroplets					456:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets	401:467	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	2	70	theme	doxorubicin	503:513	arg1	efficiency					526:535	doxorubicin entrapment efficiency	503:535	doxorubicin entrapment efficiency	503:535	Particle size and doxorubicin entrapment efficiency were highly affected by formulation and process variables.
27177456	7	71	contain	had	1033:1035	arg1	size					1002:1005	particle size	993:1005	particle size	993:1005	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	7	71	contain	had	1033:1035	arg2	values					1045:1050	optimum values	1037:1050	optimum values	1037:1050	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	7	71	contain	had	1033:1035	arg1	efficiency					1022:1031	entrapment efficiency	1011:1031	entrapment efficiency	1011:1031	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	1	72	from	effect	131:136	arg1	size					343:346	particle size	334:346	particle size	334:346	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	72	from	effect	131:136	arg1	efficiency					360:369	entrapment efficiency	349:369	entrapment efficiency	349:369	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	72	from	effect	131:136	arg1	kinetics					389:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	drug release kinetics	376:396	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	73	theme	present	113:119	arg1	study					121:125	the present study	109:125	the present study	109:125	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	74	theme	%	1464:1464	arg1	release					1448:1454	triggered release	1438:1454	triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency)	1438:1579	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	3	75	from	increase	683:690	arg1	efficiency					706:715	entrapment efficiency	695:715	entrapment efficiency	695:715	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	3	75	from	increase	683:690	arg1	size					674:677	particle size	665:677	particle size	665:677	Increase in homogenization speed resulted in significant decrease in particle size and increase in entrapment efficiency.
27177456	8	76	theme	doxorubicin	1469:1479	arg1	doxorubicin					1469:1479	doxorubicin	1469:1479	doxorubicin	1469:1479	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	76	theme	doxorubicin	1469:1479	arg1	%					1464:1464	85.95%	1459:1464	85.95% of doxorubicin	1459:1479	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	0	77	theme	multifunctional	56:70	arg1	alginate					72:79	multifunctional alginate	56:79	multifunctional alginate	56:79	Formulation design, preparation and characterization of multifunctional alginate stabilized nanodroplets.
27177456	8	78	theme	optimal	1486:1492	arg1	formulation					1494:1504	optimal formulation	1486:1504	optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency)	1486:1579	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	1	79	theme	entrapment	349:358	arg1	efficiency					360:369	entrapment efficiency	349:369	entrapment efficiency	349:369	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	8	80	theme	doxorubicin	1230:1240	arg1	profile					1219:1225	In vitro release profile	1202:1225	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin	1202:1240	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	8	80	theme	doxorubicin	1230:1240	arg1	process					1277:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	an apparently biphasic release process	1246:1283	In vitro release profile of doxorubicin was an apparently biphasic release process and 7%-13% of drug released after 24h incubation in PBS, pH=7.4, depending on the nanodroplets composition but ultrasound exposure for 10min resulted in triggered release of 85.95% of doxorubicin from optimal formulation (formulation E1 with 39.2nm diameter size and 92.2% entrapment efficiency).
27177456	7	81	from	increase	1136:1143	arg1	entrapment					1190:1199	doxorubicin entrapment	1178:1199	doxorubicin entrapment	1178:1199	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	7	81	from	increase	1136:1143	arg1	size					1157:1160	particle size	1148:1160	particle size	1148:1160	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	7	82	theme	entrapment	1011:1020	arg1	efficiency					1022:1031	entrapment efficiency	1011:1031	entrapment efficiency	1011:1031	In case of surfactant concentration and drug amount, particle size and entrapment efficiency had optimum values and an increase in concentration of both of them behind a certain limit resulted in increase in particle size and decrease in doxorubicin entrapment.
27177456	4	83	dep	had	772:774	arg1	both					767:770	both	767:770	both	767:770	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	4	84	theme	Polymer	718:724	arg1	concentration					726:738	Polymer concentration	718:738	Polymer concentration	718:738	Polymer concentration and perfluorohexane amount both had similar effect on particle size.
27177456	1	85	theme	perfluorohexane	260:274	arg1	variables					321:329	process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables	141:329	variables	321:329	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
27177456	1	85	theme	perfluorohexane	260:274	arg1	fraction					283:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	perfluorohexane volume fraction	260:290	In the present study the effect of process (homogenization speed) and formulation (polymer-alginate-concentration, surfactant concentration, drug amount, perfluorohexane volume fraction and co-surfactant inclusion) variables on particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release kinetics of doxorubicin-loaded alginate stabilized perfluorohexane nanodroplets were evaluated.
28475191	1	0	from	bw	534:535	arg1	composition					544:554	the composition	540:554	the composition	540:554	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	3	1	theme	16S	824:826	arg1	analysis					842:849	16S rDNA amplicon analysis	824:849	16S rDNA amplicon analysis	824:849	Feces were collected during a feeding trial and subjected to 16S rDNA amplicon analysis.
28475191	1	2	theme	oligosaccharides	227:242	arg1	kinds					218:222	three different kinds	202:222	three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition	202:554	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	12	3	theme	Lactobacillus	1880:1892	arg1	levels					1870:1875	the levels	1866:1875	the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium	1866:1912	At the genus level, oligosaccharide treatment increased the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides.
28475191	4	4	theme	metabolic	904:912	arg1	activity					914:921	metabolic activity	904:921	metabolic activity	904:921	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	12	5	theme	Bifidobacterium	1898:1912	arg1	levels					1870:1875	the levels	1866:1875	the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium	1866:1912	At the genus level, oligosaccharide treatment increased the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides.
28475191	4	6	theme	oligosaccharides	968:983	arg1	effects					953:959	the effects	949:959	the effects of the oligosaccharides	949:983	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	1	7	theme	microbiota	576:585	arg1	activity					560:567	activity	560:567	activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	560:644	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	7	theme	microbiota	576:585	arg1	effects					191:197	the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	187:644	effects	191:197	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	13	8	theme	fatty	2242:2246	arg1	acids					2248:2252	short-chain fatty acids	2230:2252	short-chain fatty acids	2230:2252	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	13	9	theme	intestinal	2124:2133	arg1	time					2143:2146	intestinal transit time	2124:2146	intestinal transit time	2124:2146	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	1	10	with	mice	601:604	arg1	constipation					611:622	constipation	611:622	constipation	611:622	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	11	theme	isomalto-oligosaccharide	400:423	arg1	formulation					431:441	an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation	397:441	an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation	397:441	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	6	12	theme	different	1195:1203	arg1	oligosaccharides					1205:1220	different oligosaccharides	1195:1220	different oligosaccharides	1195:1220	The dosage required to treat constipation was different for different oligosaccharides.
28475191	5	13	theme	water	1069:1073	arg1	content					1075:1081	the water content	1065:1081	the water content of the feces	1065:1094	The results show that oligosaccharides treated constipation by increasing both the water content of the feces and the small intestinal transit rate.
28475191	12	14	theme	oligosaccharide	1830:1844	arg1	treatment					1846:1854	oligosaccharide treatment	1830:1854	oligosaccharide treatment	1830:1854	At the genus level, oligosaccharide treatment increased the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides.
28475191	12	15	theme	Bacteroides	1969:1979	arg1	levels					1932:1937	the levels	1928:1937	the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides	1928:1979	At the genus level, oligosaccharide treatment increased the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides.
28475191	1	16	from	kinds	218:222	arg1	dosages					477:483	dosages	477:483	dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g	477:519	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	13	17	theme	acids	2248:2252	arg1	concentration					2213:2225	the concentration	2209:2225	the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation	2209:2291	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	13	18	theme	gut	2181:2183	arg1	microbiota					2185:2194	the gut microbiota	2177:2194	the gut microbiota	2177:2194	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	0	19	with	mice	125:128	arg1	constipation					135:146	constipation	135:146	constipation	135:146	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	1	20	dep	oligosaccharides	227:242	arg1	formulation					276:286	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation	245:286	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)	245:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	21	theme	%	304:304	arg1	FOS					306:308	95% FOS (FOS95)	302:316	95% FOS (FOS95)	302:316	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	22	theme	FOS	271:273	arg1	formulation					276:286	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation	245:286	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)	245:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	12	23	theme	Alistipes	1955:1963	arg1	levels					1932:1937	the levels	1928:1937	the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides	1928:1979	At the genus level, oligosaccharide treatment increased the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides.
28475191	5	24	theme	intestinal	1110:1119	arg1	transit					1121:1127	the small intestinal transit	1100:1127	the small intestinal transit rate	1100:1132	The results show that oligosaccharides treated constipation by increasing both the water content of the feces and the small intestinal transit rate.
28475191	0	25	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	dosages					49:55	various dosages	41:55	various dosages	41:55	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	0	25	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	composition					64:74	the composition	60:74	the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation	60:146	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	0	26	theme	microbiota	83:92	arg1	composition					64:74	the composition	60:74	the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation	60:146	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	0	27	from	dosages	49:55	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.	0:147	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	0	27	from	dosages	49:55	arg1	oligosaccharides					21:36	different oligosaccharides	11:36	different oligosaccharides at various dosages	11:55	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	0	28	theme	short-chain	98:108	arg1	acids					116:120	short-chain fatty acids	98:120	short-chain fatty acids	98:120	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	9	29	theme	acetic	1453:1458	arg1	acid					1460:1463	acetic acid	1453:1463	acetic acid	1453:1463	All three oligosaccharides increased the ratio of acetic acid and decreased the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces.
28475191	1	30	theme	fructo-oligosaccharide	247:268	arg1	formulation					276:286	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation	245:286	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)	245:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	4	31	theme	gut	885:887	arg1	microbiota					889:898	gut microbiota	885:898	gut microbiota	885:898	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	0	32	theme	different	11:19	arg1	oligosaccharides					21:36	different oligosaccharides	11:36	different oligosaccharides at various dosages	11:55	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	4	33	from	changes	874:880	arg1	microbiota					889:898	gut microbiota	885:898	gut microbiota	885:898	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	4	33	from	changes	874:880	arg1	activity					914:921	metabolic activity	904:921	metabolic activity	904:921	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	9	34	from	ratio	1483:1487	arg1	feces					1527:1531	the feces	1523:1531	the feces	1523:1531	All three oligosaccharides increased the ratio of acetic acid and decreased the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces.
28475191	1	35	from	activity	560:567	arg1	gut					594:596	the gut	590:596	the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	590:644	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	36	theme	mice	601:604	arg1	gut					594:596	the gut	590:596	the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	590:644	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	10	37	from	increase	1538:1545	arg1	ratio					1554:1558	the ratio	1550:1558	the ratio of acetic acid	1550:1573	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	10	37	from	increase	1538:1545	arg1	concentration					1583:1595	the concentration	1579:1595	the concentration of butyric acid	1579:1611	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	11	38	theme	gut	1718:1720	arg1	microbiotas					1722:1732	the gut microbiotas	1714:1732	the gut microbiotas of the mice	1714:1744	After treatment with oligosaccharides, the gut microbiotas of the mice were dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.
28475191	1	39	theme	of	199:200	arg1	effects					191:197	the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	187:644	effects	191:197	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	9	40	theme	acids	1514:1518	arg1	ratio					1483:1487	the ratio	1479:1487	the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces	1479:1531	All three oligosaccharides increased the ratio of acetic acid and decreased the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces.
28475191	3	41	theme	rDNA	828:831	arg1	analysis					842:849	16S rDNA amplicon analysis	824:849	16S rDNA amplicon analysis	824:849	Feces were collected during a feeding trial and subjected to 16S rDNA amplicon analysis.
28475191	2	42	theme	BALB/c	725:730	arg1	mice					732:735	specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice	702:735	specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice	702:735	Oligosaccharides were intragastrically administered to specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice once per day for 17 days.
28475191	10	43	theme	acid	1608:1611	arg1	ratio					1554:1558	the ratio	1550:1558	the ratio of acetic acid	1550:1573	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	10	43	theme	acid	1608:1611	arg1	concentration					1583:1595	the concentration	1579:1595	the concentration of butyric acid	1579:1611	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	13	44	theme	water	2093:2097	arg1	content					2099:2105	the water content	2089:2105	the water content of feces	2089:2114	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	13	45	with	mice	2270:2273	arg1	constipation					2280:2291	constipation	2280:2291	constipation	2280:2291	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	13	46	theme	mice	2270:2273	arg1	feces					2261:2265	the feces	2257:2265	the feces of mice with constipation	2257:2291	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	2	47	theme	specific	702:709	arg1	mice					732:735	specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice	702:735	specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice	702:735	Oligosaccharides were intragastrically administered to specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice once per day for 17 days.
28475191	11	48	theme	mice	1741:1744	arg1	microbiotas					1722:1732	the gut microbiotas	1714:1732	the gut microbiotas of the mice	1714:1744	After treatment with oligosaccharides, the gut microbiotas of the mice were dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.
28475191	13	49	theme	dietary	2061:2067	arg1	supplement					2069:2078	a dietary supplement	2059:2078	a dietary supplement	2059:2078	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	13	50	from	concentration	2213:2225	arg1	feces					2261:2265	the feces	2257:2265	the feces of mice with constipation	2257:2291	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	7	51	dep	effective	1252:1260	arg1	followed					1289:1296	followed	1289:1296	followed by medium-dose FOS95 and IMO90	1289:1327	High-dose GOS90 was the most effective in relieving constipation, followed by medium-dose FOS95 and IMO90.
28475191	13	52	theme	short-chain	2230:2240	arg1	acids					2248:2252	short-chain fatty acids	2230:2252	short-chain fatty acids	2230:2252	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	7	53	theme	medium-dose	1301:1311	arg1	FOS95					1313:1317	medium-dose FOS95	1301:1317	medium-dose FOS95	1301:1317	High-dose GOS90 was the most effective in relieving constipation, followed by medium-dose FOS95 and IMO90.
28475191	1	54	theme	study	165:169	arg1	aim					153:155	The aim	149:155	The aim of this study	149:169	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	55	theme	g	519:519	arg1	dosages					477:483	dosages	477:483	dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g	477:519	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	10	56	theme	larger	1643:1648	arg1	effects					1650:1656	relatively larger effects	1632:1656	relatively larger effects	1632:1656	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	3	57	theme	feeding	793:799	arg1	trial					801:805	a feeding trial	791:805	a feeding trial	791:805	Feces were collected during a feeding trial and subjected to 16S rDNA amplicon analysis.
28475191	1	58	theme	GOS	346:348	arg1	formulation					351:361	a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation	319:361	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)	245:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	12	59	theme	genus	1817:1821	arg1	level					1823:1827	the genus level	1813:1827	the genus level	1813:1827	At the genus level, oligosaccharide treatment increased the levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased the levels of Odoribacter, Alistipes and Bacteroides.
28475191	8	60	theme	fecal	1334:1338	arg1	samples					1340:1346	The fecal samples	1330:1346	The fecal samples	1330:1346	The fecal samples were investigated after the oligosaccharide treatment.
28475191	1	61	from	effects	191:197	arg1	gut					594:596	the gut	590:596	the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	590:644	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	62	from	dosages	477:483	arg1	oligosaccharides					227:242	oligosaccharides	227:242	oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g	227:519	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	62	from	dosages	477:483	arg1	kinds					218:222	three different kinds	202:222	three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition	202:554	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	13	63	theme	microbiota	2185:2194	arg1	composition					2162:2172	the composition	2158:2172	the composition of the gut microbiota	2158:2194	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	1	64	theme	g	495:495	arg1	dosages					477:483	dosages	477:483	dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g	477:519	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	10	65	theme	acid	1570:1573	arg1	ratio					1554:1558	the ratio	1550:1558	the ratio of acetic acid	1550:1573	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	10	65	theme	acid	1570:1573	arg1	concentration					1583:1595	the concentration	1579:1595	the concentration of butyric acid	1579:1611	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	1	66	theme	%	379:379	arg1	GOS					381:383	90% GOS (GOS90)	377:391	90% GOS (GOS90)	377:391	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	8	67	theme	oligosaccharide	1376:1390	arg1	treatment					1392:1400	the oligosaccharide treatment	1372:1400	the oligosaccharide treatment	1372:1400	The fecal samples were investigated after the oligosaccharide treatment.
28475191	7	68	theme	High-dose	1223:1231	arg1	GOS90					1233:1237	High-dose GOS90	1223:1237	High-dose GOS90	1223:1237	High-dose GOS90 was the most effective in relieving constipation, followed by medium-dose FOS95 and IMO90.
28475191	7	68	theme	High-dose	1223:1231	arg1	effective					1252:1260	effective	1252:1260	effective	1252:1260	High-dose GOS90 was the most effective in relieving constipation, followed by medium-dose FOS95 and IMO90.
28475191	5	69	theme	small	1104:1108	arg1	transit					1121:1127	the small intestinal transit	1100:1127	the small intestinal transit rate	1100:1132	The results show that oligosaccharides treated constipation by increasing both the water content of the feces and the small intestinal transit rate.
28475191	0	70	theme	gut	79:81	arg1	microbiota					83:92	gut microbiota	79:92	gut microbiota	79:92	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	1	71	from	gut	594:596	arg1	activity					560:567	activity	560:567	activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	560:644	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	71	from	gut	594:596	arg1	effects					191:197	the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	187:644	effects	191:197	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	10	72	contain	have	1627:1630	arg2	effects					1650:1656	relatively larger effects	1632:1656	relatively larger effects	1632:1656	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	10	72	contain	have	1627:1630	arg1	increase					1538:1545	The increase	1534:1545	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid	1534:1611	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	5	73	theme	transit	1121:1127	arg1	rate					1129:1132	the small intestinal transit rate	1100:1132	the small intestinal transit rate	1100:1132	The results show that oligosaccharides treated constipation by increasing both the water content of the feces and the small intestinal transit rate.
28475191	0	74	theme	fatty	110:114	arg1	acids					116:120	short-chain fatty acids	98:120	short-chain fatty acids	98:120	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	1	75	dep	formulation	276:286	arg1	formulation					351:361	a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation	319:361	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)	245:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	76	theme	galacto-oligosaccharide	321:343	arg1	formulation					351:361	a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation	319:361	a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)	245:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	9	77	theme	acid	1460:1463	arg1	ratio					1444:1448	the ratio	1440:1448	the ratio of acetic acid	1440:1463	All three oligosaccharides increased the ratio of acetic acid and decreased the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces.
28475191	0	78	theme	oligosaccharides	21:36	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.	0:147	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	13	79	theme	transit	2135:2141	arg1	time					2143:2146	intestinal transit time	2124:2146	intestinal transit time	2124:2146	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	11	80	with	treatment	1681:1689	arg1	oligosaccharides					1696:1711	oligosaccharides	1696:1711	oligosaccharides	1696:1711	After treatment with oligosaccharides, the gut microbiotas of the mice were dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.
28475191	0	81	theme	various	41:47	arg1	dosages					49:55	various dosages	41:55	various dosages	41:55	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	1	82	from	microbiota	576:585	arg1	gut					594:596	the gut	590:596	the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide	590:644	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	83	theme	different	208:216	arg1	kinds					218:222	three different kinds	202:222	three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition	202:554	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	1	84	theme	IMO	426:428	arg1	formulation					431:441	an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation	397:441	an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation	397:441	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	13	85	theme	feces	2110:2114	arg1	content					2099:2105	the water content	2089:2105	the water content of feces	2089:2114	In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oligosaccharides administered as a dietary supplement increase the water content of feces, reduce intestinal transit time, modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and increase the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice with constipation.
28475191	9	86	theme	propionic	1492:1500	arg1	acids					1514:1518	propionic and butyric acids	1492:1518	propionic and butyric acids	1492:1518	All three oligosaccharides increased the ratio of acetic acid and decreased the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces.
28475191	4	87	theme	Constipation	852:863	arg1	changes					874:880	changes	874:880	changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity	874:921	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	4	87	theme	Constipation	852:863	arg1	indices					865:871	Constipation indices	852:871	Constipation indices	852:871	Constipation indices, changes in gut microbiota and metabolic activity were measured to evaluate the effects of the oligosaccharides.
28475191	0	88	from	composition	64:74	arg1	mice					125:128	mice	125:128	mice with constipation	125:146	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	9	89	theme	butyric	1506:1512	arg1	acids					1514:1518	propionic and butyric acids	1492:1518	propionic and butyric acids	1492:1518	All three oligosaccharides increased the ratio of acetic acid and decreased the ratio of propionic and butyric acids in the feces.
28475191	1	90	dep	effects	191:197	arg1	kinds					218:222	three different kinds	202:222	three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition	202:554	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	10	91	theme	acetic	1563:1568	arg1	acid					1570:1573	acetic acid	1563:1573	acetic acid	1563:1573	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
28475191	5	92	theme	feces	1090:1094	arg1	content					1075:1081	the water content	1065:1081	the water content of the feces	1065:1094	The results show that oligosaccharides treated constipation by increasing both the water content of the feces and the small intestinal transit rate.
28475191	5	92	theme	feces	1090:1094	arg1	rate					1129:1132	the small intestinal transit rate	1100:1132	the small intestinal transit rate	1100:1132	The results show that oligosaccharides treated constipation by increasing both the water content of the feces and the small intestinal transit rate.
28475191	3	93	theme	amplicon	833:840	arg1	analysis					842:849	16S rDNA amplicon analysis	824:849	16S rDNA amplicon analysis	824:849	Feces were collected during a feeding trial and subjected to 16S rDNA amplicon analysis.
28475191	0	94	theme	acids	116:120	arg1	composition					64:74	the composition	60:74	the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation	60:146	Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation.
28475191	2	95	theme	pathogen-free	711:723	arg1	mice					732:735	specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice	702:735	specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice	702:735	Oligosaccharides were intragastrically administered to specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice once per day for 17 days.
28475191	1	96	theme	%	459:459	arg1	IMO					461:463	90% IMO (IMO90)	457:471	90% IMO (IMO90)	457:471	The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different kinds of oligosaccharides (a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) formulation consisting of 95% FOS (FOS95); a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% GOS (GOS90) and an isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) formulation consisting of 90% IMO (IMO90)) at dosages of 0.8, 4 g per d per kg bw and 8 g per d per kg bw on the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gut of mice with constipation induced by loperamide.
28475191	10	97	theme	butyric	1600:1606	arg1	acid					1608:1611	butyric acid	1600:1611	butyric acid	1600:1611	The increase in the ratio of acetic acid and the concentration of butyric acid were found to have relatively larger effects on constipation.
26774376	9	0	theme	result	1274:1279	arg1	WPI/PUL/NS					1281:1290	our result WPI/PUL/NS	1270:1290	our result WPI/PUL/NS	1270:1290	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	7	1	theme	polymer	1044:1050	arg1	matrix					1052:1057	polymer matrix	1044:1057	polymer matrix	1044:1057	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	1	2	theme	polymers	155:162	arg1	limitation					125:134	the limitation	121:134	the limitation of petroleum based polymers	121:162	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	1	2	theme	polymers	155:162	arg1	price					174:178	the high price	165:178	the high price of oil	165:185	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	1	2	theme	polymers	155:162	arg1	concern					210:216	the environmental concern	192:216	the environmental concern	192:216	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	9	3	theme	friendly	1342:1349	arg1	films					1361:1365	environment friendly packaging films	1330:1365	environment friendly packaging films	1330:1365	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	5	4	theme	Water	701:705	arg1	solubility					737:746	solubility	737:746	solubility	737:746	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	5	4	theme	Water	701:705	arg1	absorption					707:716	Water absorption	701:716	Water absorption	701:716	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	5	4	theme	Water	701:705	arg1	content					728:734	moisture content	719:734	moisture content	719:734	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	5	5	from	absorption	707:716	arg1	water					751:755	water	751:755	water	751:755	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	9	6	theme	packaging	1457:1465	arg1	films					1467:1471	petroleum based packaging films	1441:1471	petroleum based packaging films	1441:1471	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	9	7	theme	packaging	1351:1359	arg1	films					1361:1365	environment friendly packaging films	1330:1365	environment friendly packaging films	1330:1365	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	7	8	theme	electron	1085:1092	arg1	microscopy					1094:1103	scanning electron microscopy	1076:1103	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1076:1109	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	7	8	theme	electron	1085:1092	arg1	SEM					1106:1108	SEM	1106:1108	SEM	1106:1108	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	4	9	from	break	668:672	arg1	elongation					654:663	elongation	654:663	elongation at break	654:672	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased after increasing NS content, but elongation at break decreased, simultaneously.
26774376	7	10	theme	NS	1036:1037	arg1	distribution					1020:1031	Uniform distribution	1012:1031	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix	1012:1057	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	5	11	theme	barrier	879:885	arg1	properties					908:917	the barrier and water resistance properties	875:917	the barrier and water resistance properties of the films	875:930	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	9	12	used	used	1408:1411	arg2	alternative					1426:1436	promising alternative	1416:1436	promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films	1416:1471	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	9	12	used	used	1408:1411	arg2	films					1292:1296	films	1292:1296	films	1292:1296	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	9	13	theme	based	1451:1455	arg1	films					1467:1471	petroleum based packaging films	1441:1471	petroleum based packaging films	1441:1471	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	9	14	theme	food	1392:1395	arg1	life					1384:1387	shelf life	1378:1387	shelf life of food	1378:1395	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	1	15	theme	researchers	250:260	arg1	attention					237:245	the attention	233:245	the attention of researchers	233:260	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	0	16	with	films	75:79	arg1	nano-SiO2					86:94	nano-SiO2	86:94	nano-SiO2	86:94	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	5	17	theme	water	891:895	arg1	properties					908:917	the barrier and water resistance properties	875:917	the barrier and water resistance properties of the films	875:930	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	4	18	theme	nanocomposite	591:603	arg1	films					605:609	nanocomposite films	591:609	nanocomposite films	591:609	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased after increasing NS content, but elongation at break decreased, simultaneously.
26774376	6	19	theme	specimens	966:974	arg1	permeability					945:956	water vapor permeability	933:956	water vapor permeability of film specimens	933:974	water vapor permeability of film specimens decreased by increasing NS content.
26774376	2	20	with	composition	296:306	arg1	filler					365:370	nano filler	360:370	nano filler	360:370	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	8	21	theme	thermal	1128:1134	arg1	analysis					1136:1143	XRD pattern and thermal analysis	1112:1143	analysis	1136:1143	XRD pattern and thermal analysis revealed increasing crystallinity and increasing Tg of film specimens with increasing NS content, respectively.
26774376	3	22	dep	films	486:490	arg1	contain					492:498	contain	492:498	contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS)	492:534	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	1	23	theme	high	169:172	arg1	price					174:178	the high price	165:178	the high price of oil	165:185	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	3	24	theme	protein	451:457	arg1	films					486:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films	446:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS)	446:534	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	4	25	theme	Tensile	571:577	arg1	strength					579:586	Tensile strength	571:586	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films	571:609	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased after increasing NS content, but elongation at break decreased, simultaneously.
26774376	5	26	theme	matrix	855:860	arg1	cohesiveness					827:838	the cohesiveness	823:838	the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix	823:860	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	2	27	theme	common	376:381	arg1	methods					383:389	common methods	376:389	common methods	376:389	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	2	27	theme	common	376:381	arg1	composition					296:306	The composition	292:306	The composition of different biopolymers	292:331	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	2	27	theme	common	376:381	arg1	reinforcement					341:353	the reinforcement	337:353	the reinforcement with nano filler	337:370	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	7	28	theme	Uniform	1012:1018	arg1	distribution					1020:1031	Uniform distribution	1012:1031	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix	1012:1057	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	9	29	theme	petroleum	1441:1449	arg1	films					1467:1471	petroleum based packaging films	1441:1471	petroleum based packaging films	1441:1471	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	0	30	theme	bionanocomposite	27:42	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.	0:95	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	6	31	theme	NS	1000:1001	arg1	content					1003:1009	NS content	1000:1009	NS content	1000:1009	water vapor permeability of film specimens decreased by increasing NS content.
26774376	8	32	theme	NS	1231:1232	arg1	content					1234:1240	NS content	1231:1240	NS content	1231:1240	XRD pattern and thermal analysis revealed increasing crystallinity and increasing Tg of film specimens with increasing NS content, respectively.
26774376	5	33	theme	polymer	847:853	arg1	matrix					855:860	the polymer matrix	843:860	the polymer matrix	843:860	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	1	34	theme	past	108:111	arg1	decade					113:118	the past decade	104:118	the past decade	104:118	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	1	35	theme	oil	183:185	arg1	limitation					125:134	the limitation	121:134	the limitation of petroleum based polymers	121:162	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	1	35	theme	oil	183:185	arg1	price					174:178	the high price	165:178	the high price of oil	165:185	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	1	35	theme	oil	183:185	arg1	concern					210:216	the environmental concern	192:216	the environmental concern	192:216	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	0	36	theme	ecofriendly	15:25	arg1	bionanocomposite					27:42	ecofriendly bionanocomposite	15:42	ecofriendly bionanocomposite	15:42	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	1	37	theme	biobased	273:280	arg1	polymers					282:289	biobased polymers	273:289	biobased polymers	273:289	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	9	38	theme	promising	1416:1424	arg1	alternative					1426:1436	promising alternative	1416:1436	promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films	1416:1471	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	9	38	theme	promising	1416:1424	arg1	films					1292:1296	films	1292:1296	films	1292:1296	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	3	39	theme	isolate/pullulan	459:474	arg1	films					486:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films	446:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS)	446:534	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	0	40	theme	Whey	45:48	arg1	films					75:79	Whey protein isolate/pullulan films	45:79	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.	0:95	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	8	41	theme	specimens	1205:1213	arg1	Tg					1194:1195	Tg	1194:1195	Tg of film specimens	1194:1213	XRD pattern and thermal analysis revealed increasing crystallinity and increasing Tg of film specimens with increasing NS content, respectively.
26774376	8	42	theme	XRD	1112:1114	arg1	pattern					1116:1122	XRD pattern and thermal analysis	1112:1143	pattern	1116:1122	XRD pattern and thermal analysis revealed increasing crystallinity and increasing Tg of film specimens with increasing NS content, respectively.
26774376	6	43	theme	film	961:964	arg1	specimens					966:974	film specimens	961:974	film specimens	961:974	water vapor permeability of film specimens decreased by increasing NS content.
26774376	7	44	theme	scanning	1076:1083	arg1	microscopy					1094:1103	scanning electron microscopy	1076:1103	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1076:1109	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	7	44	theme	scanning	1076:1083	arg1	SEM					1106:1108	SEM	1106:1108	SEM	1106:1108	Uniform distribution of NS into polymer matrix was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26774376	5	45	theme	NS	792:793	arg1	content					795:801	NS content	792:801	NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix	792:860	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	5	46	dep	content	795:801	arg1	increase					814:821	increase	814:821	increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix	814:860	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	3	47	theme	whey	446:449	arg1	films					486:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films	446:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS)	446:534	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	0	48	theme	isolate/pullulan	58:73	arg1	films					75:79	Whey protein isolate/pullulan films	45:79	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.	0:95	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	9	49	theme	shelf	1378:1382	arg1	life					1384:1387	shelf life	1378:1387	shelf life of food	1378:1395	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
26774376	3	50	theme	casting	555:561	arg1	method					563:568	a casting method	553:568	a casting method	553:568	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	0	51	theme	protein	50:56	arg1	films					75:79	Whey protein isolate/pullulan films	45:79	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.	0:95	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	1	52	theme	based	149:153	arg1	polymers					155:162	petroleum based polymers	139:162	petroleum based polymers	139:162	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	4	53	theme	NS	638:639	arg1	content					641:647	NS content	638:647	NS content	638:647	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased after increasing NS content, but elongation at break decreased, simultaneously.
26774376	5	54	theme	films	926:930	arg1	properties					908:917	the barrier and water resistance properties	875:917	the barrier and water resistance properties of the films	875:930	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	2	55	with	reinforcement	341:353	arg1	filler					365:370	nano filler	360:370	nano filler	360:370	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	4	56	theme	films	605:609	arg1	strength					579:586	Tensile strength	571:586	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films	571:609	Tensile strength of nanocomposite films increased after increasing NS content, but elongation at break decreased, simultaneously.
26774376	2	57	theme	biopolymers	321:331	arg1	methods					383:389	common methods	376:389	common methods	376:389	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	2	57	theme	biopolymers	321:331	arg1	composition					296:306	The composition	292:306	The composition of different biopolymers	292:331	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	2	57	theme	biopolymers	321:331	arg1	reinforcement					341:353	the reinforcement	337:353	the reinforcement with nano filler	337:370	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	3	58	dep	%	501:501	arg1	NS					532:533	NS	532:533	NS	532:533	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	3	58	dep	%	501:501	arg1	nano-SiO2					521:529	nano-SiO2	521:529	nano-SiO2 (NS)	521:534	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	1	59	theme	environmental	196:208	arg1	concern					210:216	the environmental concern	192:216	the environmental concern	192:216	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	5	60	theme	resistance	897:906	arg1	properties					908:917	the barrier and water resistance properties	875:917	the barrier and water resistance properties of the films	875:930	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	2	61	theme	different	311:319	arg1	biopolymers					321:331	different biopolymers	311:331	different biopolymers	311:331	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	6	62	theme	vapor	939:943	arg1	permeability					945:956	water vapor permeability	933:956	water vapor permeability of film specimens	933:974	water vapor permeability of film specimens decreased by increasing NS content.
26774376	8	63	theme	film	1200:1203	arg1	specimens					1205:1213	film specimens	1200:1213	film specimens	1200:1213	XRD pattern and thermal analysis revealed increasing crystallinity and increasing Tg of film specimens with increasing NS content, respectively.
26774376	2	64	theme	biopolymers	419:429	arg1	drawbacks					406:414	the drawbacks	402:414	the drawbacks of biopolymers	402:429	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	1	65	theme	petroleum	139:147	arg1	polymers					155:162	petroleum based polymers	139:162	petroleum based polymers	139:162	During the past decade, the limitation of petroleum based polymers, the high price of oil, and the environmental concern were attracted the attention of researchers to develop biobased polymers.
26774376	3	66	theme	WPI/PUL	477:483	arg1	films					486:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films	446:490	whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS)	446:534	In this study whey protein isolate/pullulan (WPI/PUL) films contain 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w) nano-SiO2 (NS) were prepared by a casting method.
26774376	6	67	theme	water	933:937	arg1	permeability					945:956	water vapor permeability	933:956	water vapor permeability of film specimens	933:974	water vapor permeability of film specimens decreased by increasing NS content.
26774376	5	68	theme	moisture	719:726	arg1	absorption					707:716	Water absorption	701:716	Water absorption	701:716	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	5	68	theme	moisture	719:726	arg1	content					728:734	moisture content	719:734	moisture content	719:734	Water absorption, moisture content, solubility in water improved in the wake of increasing NS content because NS increase the cohesiveness of the polymer matrix and improved the barrier and water resistance properties of the films.
26774376	0	69	dep	Development	0:10	arg1	films					75:79	Whey protein isolate/pullulan films	45:79	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.	0:95	Development of ecofriendly bionanocomposite: Whey protein isolate/pullulan films with nano-SiO2.
26774376	2	70	theme	nano	360:363	arg1	filler					365:370	nano filler	360:370	nano filler	360:370	The composition of different biopolymers and the reinforcement with nano filler are common methods to improve the drawbacks of biopolymers.
26774376	9	71	theme	environment	1330:1340	arg1	films					1361:1365	environment friendly packaging films	1330:1365	environment friendly packaging films	1330:1365	According to our result WPI/PUL/NS films possess potential to be used as environment friendly packaging films to improve shelf life of food and can be used as promising alternative to petroleum based packaging films.
25514896	7	0	theme	Repeatability	978:990	arg1	analysis					992:999	Repeatability analysis	978:999	Repeatability analysis	978:999	Repeatability analysis showed good repeatability for estimated values in this method.
25514896	8	1	theme	foods	1194:1198	arg1	content					1183:1189	added sugar content	1171:1189	added sugar content of foods	1171:1198	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	2	2	theme	occurring	271:279	arg1	sugars					281:286	naturally occurring sugars	261:286	naturally occurring sugars	261:286	However, there is currently no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods.
25514896	3	3	theme	systematic	328:337	arg1	methodology					339:349	a systematic methodology	326:349	a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods	326:437	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	5	4	theme	Australian	687:696	arg1	database					715:722	an Australian food composition database	684:722	an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007)	684:735	The method developed was applied to an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007) as an example.
25514896	5	4	theme	Australian	687:696	arg1	AUSNUT2007					725:734	AUSNUT2007	725:734	AUSNUT2007	725:734	The method developed was applied to an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007) as an example.
25514896	7	5	from	values	1041:1046	arg1	method					1056:1061	this method	1051:1061	this method	1051:1061	Repeatability analysis showed good repeatability for estimated values in this method.
25514896	6	6	theme	estimated	948:956	arg1	steps					965:969	steps 7-10	965:974	steps 7-10	965:974	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	6	6	theme	estimated	948:956	arg1	value					958:962	a subjectively estimated value	933:962	a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10)	933:975	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	1	7	theme	research	146:153	arg1	effect					93:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect	67:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health	67:123	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	1	7	theme	research	146:153	arg1	area					138:141	a topical area	128:141	a topical area of research	128:153	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	5	8	theme	food	698:701	arg1	database					715:722	an Australian food composition database	684:722	an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007)	684:735	The method developed was applied to an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007) as an example.
25514896	5	8	theme	food	698:701	arg1	AUSNUT2007					725:734	AUSNUT2007	725:734	AUSNUT2007	725:734	The method developed was applied to an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007) as an example.
25514896	4	9	theme	10-step	459:465	arg1	protocol					477:484	A 10-step, stepwise protocol	457:484	protocol	477:484	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	8	10	theme	cross-study	1211:1221	arg1	comparison					1223:1232	cross-study comparison	1211:1232	cross-study comparison	1211:1232	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	1	11	theme	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES	67:87	arg1	effect					93:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect	67:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health	67:123	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	1	11	theme	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES	67:87	arg1	area					138:141	a topical area	128:141	a topical area of research	128:153	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	3	12	theme	data	409:412	arg1	basis					389:393	the basis	385:393	the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods	385:437	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	0	13	theme	systematic	2:11	arg1	methodology					13:23	A systematic methodology	0:23	A systematic methodology	0:23	A systematic methodology to estimate added sugar content of foods.
25514896	5	14	theme	composition	703:713	arg1	database					715:722	an Australian food composition database	684:722	an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007)	684:735	The method developed was applied to an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007) as an example.
25514896	5	14	theme	composition	703:713	arg1	AUSNUT2007					725:734	AUSNUT2007	725:734	AUSNUT2007	725:734	The method developed was applied to an Australian food composition database (AUSNUT2007) as an example.
25514896	1	15	theme	The	89:91	arg1	effect					93:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect	67:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health	67:123	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	1	15	theme	The	89:91	arg1	area					138:141	a topical area	128:141	a topical area of research	128:153	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	8	16	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1064:1074	arg1	propose					1079:1085	propose	1079:1085	propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison	1079:1232	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	3	17	theme	added	363:367	arg1	values					375:380	added sugar values	363:380	added sugar values	363:380	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	4	18	theme	insufficient	605:616	arg1	data					628:631	insufficient objective data	605:631	insufficient objective data	605:631	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	4	19	theme	objective	618:626	arg1	data					628:631	insufficient objective data	605:631	insufficient objective data	605:631	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	7	20	theme	estimated	1031:1039	arg1	values					1041:1046	estimated values	1031:1046	estimated values in this method	1031:1061	Repeatability analysis showed good repeatability for estimated values in this method.
25514896	4	21	theme	objective	515:523	arg1	measures					525:532	objective measures	515:532	objective measures (six steps)	515:544	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	4	21	theme	objective	515:523	arg1	steps					539:543	six steps	535:543	six steps	535:543	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	8	22	theme	standardised	1127:1138	arg1	approach					1140:1147	a standardised approach	1125:1147	a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison	1125:1232	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	8	22	theme	standardised	1127:1138	arg1	method					1097:1102	this method	1092:1102	this method	1092:1102	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	1	23	theme	added	103:107	arg1	sugar					109:113	added sugar	103:113	added sugar	103:113	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	3	24	theme	foods	433:437	arg1	ingredients					418:428	ingredients	418:428	ingredients of foods	418:437	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	3	24	theme	foods	433:437	arg1	data					409:412	analytical data	398:412	analytical data	398:412	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	0	25	theme	added	37:41	arg1	content					49:55	added sugar content	37:55	added sugar content of foods	37:64	A systematic methodology to estimate added sugar content of foods.
25514896	6	26	from	foods	812:816	arg1	available					782:790	available	782:790	available	782:790	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	3	27	theme	analytical	398:407	arg1	data					409:412	analytical data	398:412	analytical data	398:412	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	2	28	theme	other	201:205	arg1	method					207:212	no analytical or other method	184:212	no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods	184:295	However, there is currently no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods.
25514896	3	29	theme	ingredients	418:428	arg1	basis					389:393	the basis	385:393	the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods	385:437	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	3	30	theme	sugar	369:373	arg1	values					375:380	added sugar values	363:380	added sugar values	363:380	This study aimed to develop a systematic methodology to estimate added sugar values on the basis of analytical data and ingredients of foods.
25514896	6	31	theme	objective	873:881	arg1	steps					893:897	steps 1-6	893:901	steps 1-6	893:901	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	6	31	theme	objective	873:881	arg1	measures					883:890	objective measures	873:890	objective measures (steps 1-6)	873:902	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	1	32	theme	sugar	109:113	arg1	effect					93:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect	67:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health	67:123	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	1	32	theme	sugar	109:113	arg1	area					138:141	a topical area	128:141	a topical area of research	128:153	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	0	33	theme	sugar	43:47	arg1	content					49:55	added sugar content	37:55	added sugar content of foods	37:64	A systematic methodology to estimate added sugar content of foods.
25514896	6	34	dep	steps	893:897	arg1	1-6					899:901	1-6	899:901	1-6	899:901	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	6	35	theme	available	782:790	arg1	foods					776:780	the 3874 foods	767:780	the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%)	767:822	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	2	36	theme	analytical	187:196	arg1	method					207:212	no analytical or other method	184:212	no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods	184:295	However, there is currently no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods.
25514896	2	37	from	sugars	250:255	arg1	foods					291:295	foods	291:295	foods	291:295	However, there is currently no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods.
25514896	6	38	theme	estimated	841:849	arg1	value					851:855	an estimated value	838:855	an estimated value	838:855	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	7	39	theme	good	1008:1011	arg1	repeatability					1013:1025	good repeatability	1008:1025	good repeatability for estimated values in this method	1008:1061	Repeatability analysis showed good repeatability for estimated values in this method.
25514896	8	40	theme	added	1171:1175	arg1	content					1183:1189	added sugar content	1171:1189	added sugar content of foods	1171:1198	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	2	41	theme	added	244:248	arg1	sugars					250:255	added sugars	244:255	added sugars	244:255	However, there is currently no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods.
25514896	6	42	dep	measures	883:890	arg1	the					860:862	the	860:862	the	860:862	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	6	42	dep	measures	883:890	arg1	basis					864:868	basis	864:868	basis	864:868	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	8	43	theme	sugar	1177:1181	arg1	content					1183:1189	added sugar content	1171:1189	added sugar content of foods	1171:1198	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	0	44	theme	foods	60:64	arg1	content					49:55	added sugar content	37:55	added sugar content of foods	37:64	A systematic methodology to estimate added sugar content of foods.
25514896	8	45	theme	content	1183:1189	arg1	estimation					1157:1166	the estimation	1153:1166	the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison	1153:1232	CONCLUSIONS We propose that this method can be considered as a standardised approach for the estimation of added sugar content of foods to improve cross-study comparison.
25514896	1	46	from	effect	93:98	arg1	health					118:123	health	118:123	health	118:123	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	6	47	from	available	782:790	arg1	foods					812:816	AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods	795:816	AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%)	795:822	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	6	47	from	available	782:790	arg1	%					821:821	77%	819:821	77%	819:821	RESULTS Out of the 3874 foods available in AUSNUT2007, 2977 foods (77%) were assigned an estimated value on the basis of objective measures (steps 1-6), and 897 (23%) were assigned a subjectively estimated value (steps 7-10).
25514896	4	48	theme	stepwise	468:475	arg1	protocol					477:484	A 10-step, stepwise protocol	457:484	protocol	477:484	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	1	49	theme	topical	130:136	arg1	effect					93:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect	67:98	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health	67:123	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	1	49	theme	topical	130:136	arg1	area					138:141	a topical area	128:141	a topical area of research	128:153	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effect of added sugar on health is a topical area of research.
25514896	2	50	from	sugars	281:286	arg1	foods					291:295	foods	291:295	foods	291:295	However, there is currently no analytical or other method to easily distinguish between added sugars and naturally occurring sugars in foods.
25514896	4	51	theme	subjective	567:576	arg1	steps					595:599	four steps	590:599	four steps	590:599	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25514896	4	51	theme	subjective	567:576	arg1	estimation					578:587	more subjective estimation	562:587	more subjective estimation (four steps)	562:600	SUBJECTS/METHODS A 10-step, stepwise protocol was developed, starting with objective measures (six steps) and followed by more subjective estimation (four steps) if insufficient objective data are available.
25498605	0	0	theme	hydrostatic	78:88	arg1	pressure					90:97	high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving	73:123	pressure	90:97	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	6	1	from	differences	984:994	arg1	morphology					1006:1015	matrix morphology	999:1015	matrix morphology	999:1015	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	1	from	differences	984:994	arg1	porosity					1044:1051	porosity	1044:1051	porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume)	1044:1095	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	1	from	differences	984:994	arg1	area					1035:1038	internal surface area	1018:1038	internal surface area	1018:1038	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	1	2	theme	release	162:168	arg1	behavior					170:177	release behavior	162:177	release behavior of bioactive compounds	162:200	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	1	3	theme	chemical	253:260	arg1	composition					262:272	its chemical composition	249:272	its chemical composition	249:272	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	0	4	theme	high	73:76	arg1	pressure					90:97	high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving	73:123	pressure	90:97	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	3	5	from	matrices	686:693	arg1	profiles					668:675	the theophylline release profiles	643:675	the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied	643:701	Both the treatment used and drug dose affected the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied.
25498605	2	6	theme	°C/20	584:588	arg1	autoclaving					567:577	autoclaving	567:577	autoclaving (120 °C/20 min)	567:593	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	6	theme	°C/20	584:588	arg1	min					590:592	120 °C/20 min	580:592	120 °C/20 min	580:592	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	6	7	theme	mesopore	1054:1061	arg1	volume					1089:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	7	theme	mesopore	1054:1061	arg1	diameter					1063:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	2	8	dep	theophylline	448:459	arg1	mg					465:466	10 mg	462:466	10 mg	462:466	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	8	dep	theophylline	448:459	arg1	g					479:479	50 mg/0.5 g	469:479	50 mg/0.5 g of starch	469:489	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	6	9	theme	key	1143:1145	arg1	differences					984:994	The differences	980:994	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied	980:1124	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	9	theme	key	1143:1145	arg1	factors					1147:1153	key factors	1143:1153	key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution	1143:1192	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	5	10	theme	drug	921:924	arg1	release					926:932	drug release	921:932	drug release	921:932	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	5	11	theme	substantial	894:904	arg1	differences					906:916	substantial differences	894:916	substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices	894:977	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	0	12	from	matrices	51:58	arg1	release					9:15	In vitro release	0:15	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices	0:58	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	2	13	theme	pressure	528:535	arg1	min					558:560	650 MPa/9 min	548:560	650 MPa/9 min	548:560	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	13	theme	pressure	528:535	arg1	treatment					537:545	high hydrostatic pressure treatment	511:545	high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min)	511:561	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	6	14	theme	pore	1084:1087	arg1	volume					1089:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	14	theme	pore	1084:1087	arg1	diameter					1063:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	2	15	theme	mg/0.5	472:477	arg1	mg					465:466	10 mg	462:466	10 mg	462:466	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	15	theme	mg/0.5	472:477	arg1	g					479:479	50 mg/0.5 g	469:479	50 mg/0.5 g of starch	469:489	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	4	16	theme	selected	775:782	arg1	models					797:802	selected mathematical models	775:802	selected mathematical models	775:802	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	6	17	theme	internal	1018:1025	arg1	area					1035:1038	internal surface area	1018:1038	internal surface area	1018:1038	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	2	18	theme	pure	384:387	arg1	ones					401:404	pure amylopectin ones	384:404	pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch)	384:434	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	3	19	theme	drug	624:627	arg1	dose					629:632	drug dose	624:632	drug dose	624:632	Both the treatment used and drug dose affected the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied.
25498605	4	20	theme	controlled	818:827	arg1	release					842:848	a controlled theophylline release	816:848	a controlled theophylline release	816:848	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	0	21	dep	pressure	90:97	arg1	treatment					99:107	treatment	99:107	treatment	99:107	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	1	22	theme	bioactive	182:190	arg1	compounds					192:200	bioactive compounds	182:200	bioactive compounds	182:200	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	2	23	dep	content	345:351	arg1	sorghum					361:367	sorghum	361:367	sorghum	361:367	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	23	dep	content	345:351	arg1	VII					376:378	Hylon VII	370:378	Hylon VII	370:378	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	23	dep	content	345:351	arg1	maize					354:358	maize	354:358	maize	354:358	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	4	24	theme	theophylline	829:840	arg1	release					842:848	a controlled theophylline release	816:848	a controlled theophylline release	816:848	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	1	25	theme	compounds	192:200	arg1	behavior					170:177	release behavior	162:177	release behavior of bioactive compounds	162:200	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	0	26	theme	In	0:1	arg1	release					9:15	In vitro release	0:15	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices	0:58	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	2	27	theme	MPa/9	552:556	arg1	min					558:560	650 MPa/9 min	548:560	650 MPa/9 min	548:560	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	27	theme	MPa/9	552:556	arg1	treatment					537:545	high hydrostatic pressure treatment	511:545	high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min)	511:561	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	28	contain	containing	437:446	arg2	theophylline					448:459	theophylline	448:459	theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch)	448:490	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	28	contain	containing	437:446	arg1	matrices					317:324	Starch matrices	310:324	Starch matrices	310:324	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	1	29	theme	surface	290:296	arg1	properties					298:307	surface properties	290:307	surface properties	290:307	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	4	30	theme	matrices	739:746	arg1	profiles					708:715	The profiles	704:715	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices	704:746	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	2	31	theme	waxy	407:410	arg1	maize					412:416	waxy maize	407:416	waxy maize	407:416	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	31	theme	waxy	407:410	arg1	starch					428:433	amaranth starch	419:433	amaranth starch	419:433	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	5	32	theme	component	865:873	arg1	analysis					875:882	The principal component analysis	851:882	The principal component analysis	851:882	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	3	33	theme	theophylline	647:658	arg1	profiles					668:675	the theophylline release profiles	643:675	the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied	643:701	Both the treatment used and drug dose affected the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied.
25498605	2	34	theme	amaranth	419:426	arg1	maize					412:416	waxy maize	407:416	waxy maize	407:416	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	34	theme	amaranth	419:426	arg1	starch					428:433	amaranth starch	419:433	amaranth starch	419:433	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	35	theme	Starch	310:315	arg1	matrices					317:324	Starch matrices	310:324	Starch matrices	310:324	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	6	36	theme	cumulative	1073:1082	arg1	volume					1089:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	36	theme	cumulative	1073:1082	arg1	diameter					1063:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	3	37	theme	release	660:666	arg1	profiles					668:675	the theophylline release profiles	643:675	the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied	643:701	Both the treatment used and drug dose affected the theophylline release profiles from the matrices studied.
25498605	2	38	dep	ones	401:404	arg1	maize					412:416	waxy maize	407:416	waxy maize	407:416	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	38	dep	ones	401:404	arg1	starch					428:433	amaranth starch	419:433	amaranth starch	419:433	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	0	39	theme	theophylline	20:31	arg1	release					9:15	In vitro release	0:15	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices	0:58	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	2	40	theme	starch	484:489	arg1	mg					465:466	10 mg	462:466	10 mg	462:466	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	40	theme	starch	484:489	arg1	g					479:479	50 mg/0.5 g	469:479	50 mg/0.5 g of starch	469:489	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	4	41	theme	starch	732:737	arg1	matrices					739:746	amylopectin starch matrices	720:746	amylopectin starch matrices	720:746	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	2	42	theme	amylopectin	389:399	arg1	ones					401:404	pure amylopectin ones	384:404	pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch)	384:434	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	43	theme	hydrostatic	516:526	arg1	pressure					528:535	high hydrostatic pressure	511:535	high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min)	511:561	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	4	44	theme	mathematical	784:795	arg1	models					797:802	selected mathematical models	775:802	selected mathematical models	775:802	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	5	45	theme	principal	855:863	arg1	analysis					875:882	The principal component analysis	851:882	The principal component analysis	851:882	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	0	46	theme	starch-based	38:49	arg1	matrices					51:58	starch-based matrices	38:58	starch-based matrices	38:58	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
25498605	2	47	theme	high	511:514	arg1	pressure					528:535	high hydrostatic pressure	511:535	high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min)	511:561	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	6	48	dep	porosity	1044:1051	arg1	volume					1089:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	cumulative pore volume	1073:1094	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	48	dep	porosity	1044:1051	arg1	diameter					1063:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	mesopore diameter	1054:1070	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	1	49	theme	Recent	126:131	arg1	works					133:137	Recent works	126:137	Recent works	126:137	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	6	50	theme	theophylline	1169:1180	arg1	dissolution					1182:1192	the theophylline dissolution	1165:1192	the theophylline dissolution	1165:1192	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	6	51	theme	matrix	999:1004	arg1	morphology					1006:1015	matrix morphology	999:1015	matrix morphology	999:1015	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	5	52	theme	amylose	946:952	arg1	matrices					970:977	the amylose and amylopectin matrices	942:977	matrices	970:977	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	5	53	theme	amylopectin	958:968	arg1	matrices					970:977	the amylose and amylopectin matrices	942:977	matrices	970:977	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	2	54	theme	amylose	337:343	arg1	content					345:351	amylose content	337:351	amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII)	337:379	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	1	55	theme	matrix	232:237	arg1	nature					218:223	the nature	214:223	the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties	214:307	Recent works have demonstrated that release behavior of bioactive compounds varies with the nature of the matrix regarding its chemical composition, morphology and surface properties.
25498605	4	56	theme	amylopectin	720:730	arg1	matrices					739:746	amylopectin starch matrices	720:746	amylopectin starch matrices	720:746	The profiles of amylopectin starch matrices satisfactorily fitted with selected mathematical models, indicating a controlled theophylline release.
25498605	6	57	theme	surface	1027:1033	arg1	area					1035:1038	internal surface area	1018:1038	internal surface area	1018:1038	The differences in matrix morphology, internal surface area and porosity (mesopore diameter, cumulative pore volume) between the matrices studied were found to be key factors affecting the theophylline dissolution.
25498605	2	58	theme	Hylon	370:374	arg1	VII					376:378	Hylon VII	370:378	Hylon VII	370:378	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	2	58	theme	Hylon	370:374	arg1	maize					354:358	maize	354:358	maize	354:358	Starch matrices varying in amylose content (maize, sorghum, Hylon VII) or pure amylopectin ones (waxy maize, amaranth starch), containing theophylline (10 mg, 50 mg/0.5 g of starch), were obtained via high hydrostatic pressure treatment (650 MPa/9 min) and autoclaving (120 °C/20 min).
25498605	5	59	from	differences	906:916	arg1	release					926:932	drug release	921:932	drug release	921:932	The principal component analysis confirmed substantial differences in drug release between the amylose and amylopectin matrices.
25498605	0	60	dep	In	0:1	arg1	vitro					3:7	vitro	3:7	vitro	3:7	In vitro release of theophylline from starch-based matrices prepared via high hydrostatic pressure treatment and autoclaving.
26804616	4	0	theme	human	934:938	arg1	serum					940:944	human serum	934:944	human serum	934:944	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	2	1	theme	cell	577:580	arg1	types					582:586	different cell types	567:586	different cell types	567:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	2	theme	meaningful	669:678	arg1	analysis					680:687	a meaningful analysis	667:687	a meaningful analysis	667:687	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	3	3	theme	source	745:750	arg1	choice					727:732	the choice	723:732	the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis	723:792	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	3	4	theme	protein	770:776	arg1	analysis					785:792	in vitro protein corona analysis	761:792	in vitro protein corona analysis	761:792	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	2	5	theme	different	567:575	arg1	types					582:586	different cell types	567:586	different cell types	567:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	1	6	from	focus	157:161	arg1	years					216:220	the past few years	203:220	the past few years	203:220	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	1	7	theme	more	235:238	arg1	papers					240:245	more and more papers	226:245	more and more papers	226:245	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	2	8	theme	protein	491:497	arg1	source					499:504	the protein source	487:504	the protein source	487:504	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	5	9	theme	incubation	1084:1093	arg1	media					1095:1099	the respective incubation media	1069:1099	the respective incubation media	1069:1099	Furthermore, the protein compositions are determined for coronas formed in the respective incubation media.
26804616	8	10	dep	in	1460:1461	arg1	vitro					1463:1467	vitro	1463:1467	vitro	1463:1467	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	0	11	theme	cellular	93:100	arg1	uptake					102:107	cellular uptake	93:107	cellular uptake	93:107	Protein source and choice of anticoagulant decisively affect nanoparticle protein corona and cellular uptake.
26804616	1	12	theme	nanocarriers	330:341	arg1	plethora					318:325	a plethora	316:325	a plethora of nanocarriers	316:341	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	4	13	theme	Major	821:825	arg1	differences					840:850	Major and decisive differences	821:850	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma	821:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	6	14	theme	heparin	1124:1130	arg1	influence					1111:1119	A strong influence	1102:1119	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction	1102:1208	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	2	15	from	consequence	534:544	arg1	formation					516:524	corona formation	509:524	corona formation	509:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	4	16	theme	fetal	914:918	arg1	serum					927:931	fetal bovine serum	914:931	fetal bovine serum	914:931	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	8	17	theme	in	1460:1461	arg1	studies					1469:1475	in vitro studies	1460:1475	in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake	1460:1498	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	6	18	theme	cell	1193:1196	arg1	interaction					1198:1208	cell interaction	1193:1208	cell interaction	1193:1208	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	2	19	with	interaction	550:560	arg1	types					582:586	different cell types	567:586	different cell types	567:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	3	20	theme	in	761:762	arg1	analysis					785:792	in vitro protein corona analysis	761:792	in vitro protein corona analysis	761:792	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	6	21	from	influence	1111:1119	arg1	interaction					1198:1208	cell interaction	1193:1208	cell interaction	1193:1208	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	0	22	theme	Protein	0:6	arg1	source					8:13	Protein source	0:13	Protein source	0:13	Protein source and choice of anticoagulant decisively affect nanoparticle protein corona and cellular uptake.
26804616	4	23	theme	polystyrene	876:886	arg1	nanoparticle					888:899	a polystyrene nanoparticle	874:899	a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma	874:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	1	24	theme	field	170:174	arg1	adsorption					118:127	Protein adsorption	110:127	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles	110:144	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	1	24	theme	field	170:174	arg1	focus					157:161	a focus	155:161	a focus of the field of nanocarrier research	155:198	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	2	25	theme	corona	418:423	arg1	influence					392:400	the influence	388:400	the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	388:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	6	26	used	used	1142:1145	arg2	anticoagulant					1153:1165	an anticoagulant	1150:1165	an anticoagulant for plasma generation	1150:1187	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	6	26	used	used	1142:1145	arg2	heparin					1124:1130	heparin	1124:1130	heparin	1124:1130	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	2	27	theme	strong	470:475	arg1	cells					460:464	cells	460:464	cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	460:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	27	theme	strong	470:475	arg1	impact					477:482	the strong impact	466:482	the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation	466:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	6	28	theme	strong	1104:1109	arg1	influence					1111:1119	A strong influence	1102:1119	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction	1102:1208	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	2	29	theme	protein	410:416	arg1	corona					418:423	this protein corona	405:423	this protein corona	405:423	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	8	30	theme	uptake	1493:1498	arg1	studies					1469:1475	in vitro studies	1460:1475	in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake	1460:1498	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	1	31	from	adsorption	118:127	arg1	nanoparticles					132:144	nanoparticles	132:144	nanoparticles	132:144	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	1	32	theme	nanocarrier	179:189	arg1	research					191:198	nanocarrier research	179:198	nanocarrier research	179:198	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	8	33	theme	nanoparticle	1480:1491	arg1	uptake					1493:1498	nanoparticle uptake	1480:1498	nanoparticle uptake	1480:1498	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	1	34	theme	research	191:198	arg1	field					170:174	the field	166:174	the field of nanocarrier research	166:198	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	2	35	theme	corona	509:514	arg1	formation					516:524	corona formation	509:524	corona formation	509:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	8	36	theme	anticoagulated	1388:1401	arg1	plasma					1381:1386	human plasma	1375:1386	human plasma anticoagulated with citrate	1375:1414	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	1	37	theme	Protein	110:116	arg1	adsorption					118:127	Protein adsorption	110:127	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles	110:144	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	1	37	theme	Protein	110:116	arg1	focus					157:161	a focus	155:161	a focus of the field of nanocarrier research	155:198	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	0	38	theme	anticoagulant	29:41	arg1	choice					19:24	choice	19:24	choice of anticoagulant	19:41	Protein source and choice of anticoagulant decisively affect nanoparticle protein corona and cellular uptake.
26804616	0	38	theme	anticoagulant	29:41	arg1	source					8:13	Protein source	0:13	Protein source	0:13	Protein source and choice of anticoagulant decisively affect nanoparticle protein corona and cellular uptake.
26804616	1	39	theme	detailed	277:284	arg1	lists					286:290	increasingly detailed lists	264:290	increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers	264:341	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	4	40	theme	nanoparticle	888:899	arg1	uptake					864:869	cellular uptake	855:869	cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma	855:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	5	41	theme	protein	1011:1017	arg1	compositions					1019:1030	the protein compositions	1007:1030	the protein compositions	1007:1030	Furthermore, the protein compositions are determined for coronas formed in the respective incubation media.
26804616	6	42	theme	plasma	1171:1176	arg1	generation					1178:1187	plasma generation	1171:1187	plasma generation	1171:1187	A strong influence of heparin, which is used as an anticoagulant for plasma generation, on cell interaction is demonstrated.
26804616	2	43	theme	source	499:504	arg1	consequence					534:544	the consequence	530:544	the consequence for interaction with different cell types	530:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	43	theme	source	499:504	arg1	cells					460:464	cells	460:464	cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	460:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	43	theme	source	499:504	arg1	impact					477:482	the strong impact	466:482	the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation	466:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	1	44	theme	past	207:210	arg1	years					216:220	the past few years	203:220	the past few years	203:220	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	3	45	theme	choice	727:732	arg1	importance					709:718	the importance	705:718	the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis	705:792	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	2	46	dep	cells	460:464	arg1	consequence					534:544	the consequence	530:544	the consequence for interaction with different cell types	530:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	46	dep	cells	460:464	arg1	cells					460:464	cells	460:464	cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	460:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	46	dep	cells	460:464	arg1	impact					477:482	the strong impact	466:482	the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation	466:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	4	47	theme	bovine	920:925	arg1	serum					927:931	fetal bovine serum	914:931	fetal bovine serum	914:931	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	7	48	theme	HeLa	1312:1315	arg1	cells					1317:1321	HeLa cells	1312:1321	HeLa cells	1312:1321	While heparin enhances the uptake into macrophages, it prevents internalization into HeLa cells.
26804616	4	49	dep	serum	927:931	arg1	plasma					973:978	plasma	973:978	plasma	973:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	5	50	theme	respective	1073:1082	arg1	media					1095:1099	the respective incubation media	1069:1099	the respective incubation media	1069:1099	Furthermore, the protein compositions are determined for coronas formed in the respective incubation media.
26804616	4	51	theme	human	947:951	arg1	citrate					953:959	human citrate	947:959	human citrate	947:959	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	1	52	theme	proteins	295:302	arg1	lists					286:290	increasingly detailed lists	264:290	increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers	264:341	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	4	53	theme	decisive	831:838	arg1	differences					840:850	Major and decisive differences	821:850	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma	821:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	3	54	dep	in	761:762	arg1	vitro					764:768	vitro	764:768	vitro	764:768	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	4	55	theme	cellular	855:862	arg1	uptake					864:869	cellular uptake	855:869	cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma	855:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	2	56	from	impact	477:482	arg1	formation					516:524	corona formation	509:524	corona formation	509:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	8	57	with	anticoagulated	1388:1401	arg1	citrate					1408:1414	citrate	1408:1414	citrate	1408:1414	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	2	58	with	interactions	442:453	arg1	consequence					534:544	the consequence	530:544	the consequence for interaction with different cell types	530:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	58	with	interactions	442:453	arg1	cells					460:464	cells	460:464	cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	460:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	58	with	interactions	442:453	arg1	impact					477:482	the strong impact	466:482	the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation	466:524	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	1	59	theme	few	212:214	arg1	years					216:220	the past few years	203:220	the past few years	203:220	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
26804616	4	60	from	differences	840:850	arg1	uptake					864:869	cellular uptake	855:869	cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma	855:978	Major and decisive differences in cellular uptake of a polystyrene nanoparticle incubated in fetal bovine serum, human serum, human citrate and heparin plasma are reported.
26804616	3	61	theme	corona	778:783	arg1	analysis					785:792	in vitro protein corona analysis	761:792	in vitro protein corona analysis	761:792	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	0	62	theme	protein	74:80	arg1	corona					82:87	nanoparticle protein corona	61:87	nanoparticle protein corona	61:87	Protein source and choice of anticoagulant decisively affect nanoparticle protein corona and cellular uptake.
26804616	8	63	theme	human	1375:1379	arg1	plasma					1381:1386	human plasma	1375:1386	human plasma anticoagulated with citrate	1375:1414	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	8	64	dep	give	1346:1349	arg1	Taken					1324:1328	Taken	1324:1328	Taken together	1324:1337	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	2	65	theme	urgent	362:367	arg1	need					369:372	an urgent need	359:372	an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	359:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	0	66	theme	nanoparticle	61:72	arg1	corona					82:87	nanoparticle protein corona	61:87	nanoparticle protein corona	61:87	Protein source and choice of anticoagulant decisively affect nanoparticle protein corona and cellular uptake.
26804616	8	67	theme	relevant	1439:1446	arg1	results					1448:1454	the most relevant results	1430:1454	the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake	1430:1498	Taken together we can give the recommendation that human plasma anticoagulated with citrate seems to give the most relevant results for in vitro studies of nanoparticle uptake.
26804616	3	68	theme	protein	737:743	arg1	source					745:750	protein source	737:750	protein source	737:750	In this study, the importance of the choice of protein source used for in vitro protein corona analysis is concisely investigated.
26804616	2	69	from	influence	392:400	arg1	interactions					442:453	nanocarriers' interactions	428:453	nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types	428:586	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	2	70	dep	are	588:590	arg1	factors					592:598	factors	592:598	factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis	592:687	While there is an urgent need to understand the influence of this protein corona on nanocarriers' interactions with cells the strong impact of the protein source on corona formation and the consequence for interaction with different cell types are factors that are regularly neglected, but should be taken into account for a meaningful analysis.
26804616	1	71	theme	more	226:229	arg1	papers					240:245	more and more papers	226:245	more and more papers	226:245	Protein adsorption on nanoparticles has been a focus of the field of nanocarrier research in the past few years and more and more papers are dealing with increasingly detailed lists of proteins adsorbed to a plethora of nanocarriers.
24576979	4	0	theme	field	645:649	arg1	investigation					651:663	a yearlong field investigation	634:663	a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)	634:764	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	0	1	theme	polymyxa	81:88	arg1	biofertilizer					90:102	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer	67:102	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants	67:117	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	1	2	from	industry	160:167	arg1	source					180:185	a large source	172:185	a large source of nutrient-rich substrates	172:213	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	1	2	from	industry	160:167	arg1	Wastewater					120:129	Wastewater	120:129	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry	120:167	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	4	3	theme	yearlong	636:643	arg1	investigation					651:663	a yearlong field investigation	634:663	a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)	634:764	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	0	4	theme	tea	108:110	arg1	plants					112:117	tea plants	108:117	tea plants	108:117	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	6	5	theme	environmentally	1078:1092	arg1	way					1103:1105	an environmentally friendly way	1075:1105	an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater	1075:1127	This approach appears to be technically feasible for organic tea production, and is an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater.
24576979	5	6	theme	tea	809:811	arg1	polyphenol					813:822	tea polyphenol	809:822	tea polyphenol	809:822	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	3	7	theme	design	379:384	arg1	methods					386:392	the central composite design methods	357:392	the central composite design methods	357:392	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	0	8	from	production	53:62	arg1	Bioconversion					0:12	Bioconversion	0:12	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.	0:118	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	3	9	dep	determined	412:421	arg1	Using					351:355	Using	351:355	Using the central composite design methods	351:392	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	2	10	theme	polymyxa	291:298	arg1	biofertilizer					300:312	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer	277:312	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer	277:312	We assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees.
24576979	2	11	theme	tea	340:342	arg1	trees					344:348	tea trees	340:348	tea trees	340:348	We assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees.
24576979	4	12	from	effect	682:687	arg1	growth					725:730	the growth	721:730	the growth of tea plants	721:744	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	5	13	theme	yield	771:775	arg1	levels					824:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels	767:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels	767:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	2	14	theme	Paenibacillus	277:289	arg1	biofertilizer					300:312	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer	277:312	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer	277:312	We assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees.
24576979	3	15	theme	P.	463:464	arg1	polymyxa					466:473	P. polymyxa	463:473	P. polymyxa	463:473	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	3	16	theme	central	361:367	arg1	methods					386:392	the central composite design methods	357:392	the central composite design methods	357:392	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	3	17	theme	optimal	432:438	arg1	pH					480:481	pH	480:481	pH	480:481	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	3	17	theme	optimal	432:438	arg1	conditions					448:457	the optimal culture conditions	428:457	the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa	428:473	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	5	18	theme	polyphenol	813:822	arg1	levels					824:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels	767:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels	767:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	2	19	used	used	261:264	arg2	wastewater					241:250	this wastewater	236:250	this wastewater	236:250	We assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees.
24576979	1	20	theme	large	174:178	arg1	source					180:185	a large source	172:185	a large source of nutrient-rich substrates	172:213	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	1	20	theme	large	174:178	arg1	Wastewater					120:129	Wastewater	120:129	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry	120:167	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	6	21	theme	organic	1044:1050	arg1	production					1056:1065	organic tea production	1044:1065	organic tea production	1044:1065	This approach appears to be technically feasible for organic tea production, and is an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater.
24576979	5	22	theme	foliar	863:868	arg1	application					870:880	foliar application	863:880	foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively	863:988	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	5	23	theme	extract	796:802	arg1	polyphenol					813:822	tea polyphenol	809:822	tea polyphenol	809:822	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	5	23	theme	extract	796:802	arg1	quantity					778:785	quantity	778:785	quantity of water extract	778:802	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	5	23	theme	extract	796:802	arg1	yield					771:775	Tea yield	767:775	Tea yield	767:775	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	3	24	dep	h.	535:536	arg1	achieved					606:613	achieved	606:613	was achieved	602:613	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	5	25	theme	%	963:963	arg1	average					942:948	an average	939:948	an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively	939:988	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	4	26	dep	determine	668:676	arg1	Camellia					747:754	Camellia	747:754	Camellia	747:754	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	3	27	theme	maximum	564:570	arg1	biomass					572:578	a maximum biomass	562:578	a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL	562:600	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	2	28	theme	foliar	318:323	arg1	application					325:335	foliar application	318:335	foliar application to tea trees	318:348	We assessed whether this wastewater could be used to produce Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for foliar application to tea trees.
24576979	1	29	theme	nutrient-rich	190:202	arg1	substrates					204:213	nutrient-rich substrates	190:213	nutrient-rich substrates	190:213	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	0	30	theme	wastewater	17:26	arg1	Bioconversion					0:12	Bioconversion	0:12	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.	0:118	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	3	31	theme	cfu/mL	595:600	arg1	biomass					572:578	a maximum biomass	562:578	a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL	562:600	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	4	32	theme	P.	692:693	arg1	biofertilizer					704:716	P. polymyxa biofertilizer	692:716	P. polymyxa biofertilizer	692:716	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	1	33	theme	substrates	204:213	arg1	source					180:185	a large source	172:185	a large source of nutrient-rich substrates	172:213	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	1	33	theme	substrates	204:213	arg1	Wastewater					120:129	Wastewater	120:129	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry	120:167	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	0	34	theme	potato	39:44	arg1	production					53:62	sweet potato starch production	33:62	sweet potato starch production	33:62	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	0	35	theme	sweet	33:37	arg1	production					53:62	sweet potato starch production	33:62	sweet potato starch production	33:62	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	3	36	theme	culture	440:446	arg1	pH					480:481	pH	480:481	pH	480:481	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	3	36	theme	culture	440:446	arg1	conditions					448:457	the optimal culture conditions	428:457	the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa	428:473	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	4	37	theme	biofertilizer	704:716	arg1	effect					682:687	the effect	678:687	the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants	678:744	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	4	38	dep	Camellia	747:754	arg1	sinensis					756:763	Camellia sinensis	747:763	Camellia sinensis	747:763	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	3	39	theme	composite	369:377	arg1	methods					386:392	the central composite design methods	357:392	the central composite design methods	357:392	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	5	40	theme	%	974:974	arg1	average					942:948	an average	939:948	an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively	939:988	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	0	41	theme	starch	46:51	arg1	production					53:62	sweet potato starch production	33:62	sweet potato starch production	33:62	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	5	42	theme	%	957:957	arg1	average					942:948	an average	939:948	an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively	939:988	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	1	43	theme	starch	153:158	arg1	industry					160:167	the sweet potato starch industry	136:167	the sweet potato starch industry	136:167	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	4	44	theme	plants	739:744	arg1	growth					725:730	the growth	721:730	the growth of tea plants	721:744	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	6	45	theme	friendly	1094:1101	arg1	way					1103:1105	an environmentally friendly way	1075:1105	an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater	1075:1127	This approach appears to be technically feasible for organic tea production, and is an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater.
24576979	4	46	theme	tea	735:737	arg1	plants					739:744	tea plants	735:744	tea plants	735:744	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	4	47	theme	polymyxa	695:702	arg1	biofertilizer					704:716	P. polymyxa biofertilizer	692:716	P. polymyxa biofertilizer	692:716	We then conducted a yearlong field investigation to determine the effect of P. polymyxa biofertilizer on the growth of tea plants (Camellia sinensis).
24576979	6	48	theme	tea	1052:1054	arg1	production					1056:1065	organic tea production	1044:1065	organic tea production	1044:1065	This approach appears to be technically feasible for organic tea production, and is an environmentally friendly way to utilize wastewater.
24576979	5	49	theme	biofertilizer	889:901	arg1	application					870:880	foliar application	863:880	foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively	863:988	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	1	50	theme	sweet	140:144	arg1	industry					160:167	the sweet potato starch industry	136:167	the sweet potato starch industry	136:167	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	0	51	theme	Paenibacillus	67:79	arg1	biofertilizer					90:102	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer	67:102	Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants	67:117	Bioconversion of wastewater from sweet potato starch production to Paenibacillus polymyxa biofertilizer for tea plants.
24576979	5	52	theme	quantity	778:785	arg1	levels					824:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels	767:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels	767:829	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	5	53	theme	Tea	767:769	arg1	yield					771:775	Tea yield	767:775	Tea yield	767:775	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	1	54	theme	potato	146:151	arg1	industry					160:167	the sweet potato starch industry	136:167	the sweet potato starch industry	136:167	Wastewater from the sweet potato starch industry is a large source of nutrient-rich substrates.
24576979	5	55	theme	water	790:794	arg1	extract					796:802	water extract	790:802	water extract	790:802	Tea yield, quantity of water extract, and tea polyphenol levels were significantly higher after foliar application of the biofertilizer compared to that in the controls by an average of 16.7%, 6.3%, and 10.4%, respectively.
24576979	3	56	theme	×	587:587	arg1	cfu/mL					595:600	9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL	583:600	9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL	583:600	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24576979	3	57	theme	incubation	515:524	arg1	time					526:529	incubation time	515:529	incubation time	515:529	Using the central composite design methods we experientially determined that the optimal culture conditions for P. polymyxa were pH, 6.5; temperature, 29.0 °C; and incubation time, 16 h. Under these conditions, a maximum biomass of 9.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was achieved.
24527702	2	0	dep	oxide	293:297	arg1	GO					300:301	GO	300:301	GO	300:301	In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by carrageenan.
24527702	4	1	theme	HA	573:574	arg1	nucleation					559:568	the nucleation	555:568	the nucleation of HA	555:574	It was confirmed that carrageenan on the GO surface facilitated the nucleation of HA.
24527702	6	2	theme	cell	797:800	arg1	differentiation					802:816	cell differentiation	797:816	cell differentiation	797:816	In vitro studies clearly show the effectiveness of GO-Car in promoting HA mineralization and cell differentiation.
24527702	3	3	theme	GO-carrageenan	353:366	arg1	composite					377:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	3	3	theme	GO-carrageenan	353:366	arg1	substrate					409:417	a substrate	407:417	a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	407:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	2	4	theme	graphene	284:291	arg1	oxide					293:297	graphene oxide	284:297	graphene oxide (GO)	284:302	In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by carrageenan.
24527702	1	5	theme	multifunctional	163:177	arg1	biomaterials					179:190	multifunctional biomaterials	163:190	multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone	163:266	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
24527702	7	6	theme	study	839:843	arg1	results					823:829	The results	819:829	The results of this study	819:843	The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
24527702	3	7	theme	hydroxyapatite	470:483	arg1	mineralization					452:465	biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization	423:465	biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	423:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	3	8	theme	biomimetic	423:432	arg1	mineralization					452:465	biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization	423:465	biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	423:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	3	9	theme	resulting	343:351	arg1	composite					377:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	3	9	theme	resulting	343:351	arg1	substrate					409:417	a substrate	407:417	a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	407:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	7	10	theme	bone	911:914	arg1	regeneration					916:927	bone regeneration	911:927	bone regeneration	911:927	The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
24527702	5	11	from	observation	581:591	arg1	proliferation					654:666	proliferation	654:666	proliferation	654:666	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	11	from	observation	581:591	arg1	adhesion					628:635	adhesion	628:635	adhesion	628:635	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	11	from	observation	581:591	arg1	morphology					638:647	morphology	638:647	morphology	638:647	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	4	12	dep	surface	535:541	arg1	GO					532:533	GO	532:533	GO	532:533	It was confirmed that carrageenan on the GO surface facilitated the nucleation of HA.
24527702	5	13	theme	GO-Car	614:619	arg1	effect					600:605	the effect	596:605	the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells	596:684	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	1	14	from	imperative	142:151	arg1	engineering					123:133	bone tissue engineering	111:133	bone tissue engineering	111:133	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
24527702	0	15	theme	Biomimetic	0:9	arg1	mineralization					29:42	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization	0:42	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan	0:75	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan functionalized graphene oxide.
24527702	6	16	theme	GO-Car	755:760	arg1	effectiveness					738:750	the effectiveness	734:750	the effectiveness of GO-Car	734:760	In vitro studies clearly show the effectiveness of GO-Car in promoting HA mineralization and cell differentiation.
24527702	1	17	theme	bone	111:114	arg1	engineering					123:133	bone tissue engineering	111:133	bone tissue engineering	111:133	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
24527702	3	18	theme	GO-Car	369:374	arg1	composite					377:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	3	18	theme	GO-Car	369:374	arg1	substrate					409:417	a substrate	407:417	a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	407:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	5	19	theme	MC3T3-E1	671:678	arg1	cells					680:684	MC3T3-E1 cells	671:684	MC3T3-E1 cells	671:684	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	20	theme	effect	600:605	arg1	observation					581:591	The observation	577:591	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells	577:684	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	1	21	theme	tissue	116:121	arg1	engineering					123:133	bone tissue engineering	111:133	bone tissue engineering	111:133	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
24527702	0	22	theme	cell-mediated	15:27	arg1	mineralization					29:42	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization	0:42	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan	0:75	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan functionalized graphene oxide.
24527702	5	23	theme	cells	680:684	arg1	proliferation					654:666	proliferation	654:666	proliferation	654:666	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	23	theme	cells	680:684	arg1	adhesion					628:635	adhesion	628:635	adhesion	628:635	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	23	theme	cells	680:684	arg1	morphology					638:647	morphology	638:647	morphology	638:647	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	1	24	theme	bonelike	221:228	arg1	apatite					230:236	bonelike apatite	221:236	bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone	221:266	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
24527702	0	25	theme	hydroxyapatite	47:60	arg1	mineralization					29:42	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization	0:42	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan	0:75	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan functionalized graphene oxide.
24527702	3	26	theme	cell-mediated	438:450	arg1	mineralization					452:465	biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization	423:465	biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	423:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	5	27	from	morphology	638:647	arg1	observation					581:591	The observation	577:591	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells	577:684	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	3	28	used	used	399:402	arg2	substrate					409:417	a substrate	407:417	a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA)	407:488	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	3	28	used	used	399:402	arg2	composite					377:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite	339:385	The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA).
24527702	4	29	from	carrageenan	513:523	arg1	surface					535:541	the GO surface	528:541	the GO surface	528:541	It was confirmed that carrageenan on the GO surface facilitated the nucleation of HA.
24527702	6	30	dep	In	704:705	arg1	vitro					707:711	vitro	707:711	vitro	707:711	In vitro studies clearly show the effectiveness of GO-Car in promoting HA mineralization and cell differentiation.
24527702	5	31	from	adhesion	628:635	arg1	observation					581:591	The observation	577:591	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells	577:684	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	1	32	from	engineering	123:133	arg1	imperative					142:151	imperative	142:151	imperative	142:151	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
24527702	5	33	from	proliferation	654:666	arg1	observation					581:591	The observation	577:591	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells	577:684	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	6	34	theme	HA	775:776	arg1	mineralization					778:791	HA mineralization	775:791	HA mineralization	775:791	In vitro studies clearly show the effectiveness of GO-Car in promoting HA mineralization and cell differentiation.
24527702	0	35	theme	graphene	92:99	arg1	oxide					101:105	graphene oxide	92:105	graphene oxide	92:105	Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan functionalized graphene oxide.
24527702	7	36	theme	promising	888:896	arg1	material					898:905	a promising material	886:905	a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation	886:944	The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
24527702	7	36	theme	promising	888:896	arg1	hybrid					871:876	the GO-Car hybrid	860:876	the GO-Car hybrid	860:876	The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
24527702	5	37	dep	adhesion	628:635	arg1	the					624:626	the	624:626	the	624:626	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	6	38	theme	In	704:705	arg1	studies					713:719	In vitro studies	704:719	In vitro studies	704:719	In vitro studies clearly show the effectiveness of GO-Car in promoting HA mineralization and cell differentiation.
24527702	5	39	from	effect	600:605	arg1	proliferation					654:666	proliferation	654:666	proliferation	654:666	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	39	from	effect	600:605	arg1	adhesion					628:635	adhesion	628:635	adhesion	628:635	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	5	39	from	effect	600:605	arg1	morphology					638:647	morphology	638:647	morphology	638:647	The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated.
24527702	7	40	theme	GO-Car	864:869	arg1	material					898:905	a promising material	886:905	a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation	886:944	The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
24527702	7	40	theme	GO-Car	864:869	arg1	hybrid					871:876	the GO-Car hybrid	860:876	the GO-Car hybrid	860:876	The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
24527702	1	41	theme	natural	255:261	arg1	bone					263:266	natural bone	255:266	natural bone	255:266	In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone.
27352316	3	0	theme	nerve	903:907	arg1	conduit					909:915	chitosan nerve conduit	894:915	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	1	theme	cells	2731:2735	arg1	growth					2700:2705	growth	2700:2705	growth	2700:2705	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	1	theme	cells	2731:2735	arg1	maturity					2711:2718	maturity	2711:2718	maturity	2711:2718	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	2	theme	nerve	634:638	arg1	anastomosis					652:662	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	630:662	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	630:662	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	6	3	theme	surrounding	1390:1400	arg1	tissue					1402:1407	the surrounding tissue	1386:1407	the surrounding tissue	1386:1407	The nerve continuity was in good condition through visual observation when sampling, which is mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue and easy to be separated.
27352316	10	4	theme	large	2156:2160	arg1	number					2162:2167	a large number	2154:2167	a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2154:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	5	theme	group	922:926	arg1	C					928:928	(3) group C	918:928	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	5	theme	group	922:926	arg1	group					944:948	experimental group 2	931:950	experimental group 2	931:950	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	6	theme	sheath	1878:1883	arg1	thickness					1885:1893	the myelin sheath thickness	1867:1893	the myelin sheath thickness in group C	1867:1904	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	8	7	theme	group	1648:1652	arg1	A					1654:1654	group A	1648:1654	group A	1648:1654	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	10	8	theme	cells	2204:2208	arg1	number					2162:2167	a large number	2154:2167	a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2154:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	9	theme	medullated	2011:2020	arg1	fibers					2022:2027	the medullated fibers	2007:2027	the medullated fibers	2007:2027	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	1	10	theme	umbilical-cord-derived	170:191	arg1	HUC-MSCs					217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	10	theme	umbilical-cord-derived	170:191	arg1	cells					210:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells	164:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs)	164:225	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	10	11	theme	proliferating	2182:2194	arg1	cells					2204:2208	brown-red proliferating schwann cells	2172:2208	brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2172:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	12	theme	group	2249:2253	arg1	C					2255:2255	group C	2249:2255	group C	2249:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	13	theme	A	689:689	arg1	stoma					875:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	14	theme	experimental	544:555	arg1	animals					557:563	The experimental animals	540:563	The experimental animals	540:563	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	1	15	theme	stem	205:208	arg1	HUC-MSCs					217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	15	theme	stem	205:208	arg1	cells					210:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells	164:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs)	164:225	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	2	16	theme	anastomotic	521:531	arg1	stoma					533:537	the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	499:537	the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	499:537	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	9	17	theme	fibers	1856:1861	arg1	thickness					1885:1893	the myelin sheath thickness	1867:1893	the myelin sheath thickness in group C	1867:1904	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	9	17	theme	fibers	1856:1861	arg1	number					1831:1836	the number	1827:1836	the number of the medullated fibers	1827:1861	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	9	17	theme	fibers	1856:1861	arg1	larger					1911:1916	larger	1911:1916	larger	1911:1916	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	3	18	dep	conduit	909:915	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	18	dep	conduit	909:915	arg1	C					928:928	(3) group C	918:928	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	18	dep	conduit	909:915	arg1	group					944:948	experimental group 2	931:950	experimental group 2	931:950	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	2	19	theme	nerve	503:507	arg1	stoma					533:537	the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	499:537	the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	499:537	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	10	20	from	fibers	2239:2244	arg1	C					2255:2255	group C	2249:2255	group C	2249:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	6	21	theme	mild	1369:1372	arg1	adhesion					1374:1381	mild adhesion	1369:1381	mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue	1369:1407	The nerve continuity was in good condition through visual observation when sampling, which is mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue and easy to be separated.
27352316	4	22	theme	morphological	1083:1095	arg1	observation					1097:1107	General morphological observation	1075:1107	General morphological observation	1075:1107	General morphological observation, nerve electrophysiology, and anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry were performed.
27352316	10	23	theme	favorable	2403:2411	arg1	situation					2413:2421	Slightly more favorable situation	2389:2421	Slightly more favorable situation	2389:2421	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	24	theme	control	692:698	arg1	A					689:689	(1) group A	679:689	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	24	theme	control	692:698	arg1	group					700:704	control group	692:704	control group	692:704	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	25	theme	poor	2323:2326	arg1	growth					2328:2333	very poor growth	2318:2333	very poor growth of schwann cells	2318:2350	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	26	dep	A	2380:2380	arg1	observed					2432:2439	observed	2432:2439	could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells	2423:2735	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	27	theme	sheath	2052:2057	arg1	thicknesses					2059:2069	the myelin sheath thicknesses	2041:2069	the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B.	2041:2088	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	28	theme	nerve-common	727:738	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	8	29	from	velocity	1584:1591	arg1	C					1608:1608	group C	1602:1608	group C	1602:1608	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	10	30	theme	end-to-side	2566:2576	arg1	anastomosis					2578:2588	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	2556:2588	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	2556:2588	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	31	theme	traditional	708:718	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	6	32	theme	visual	1326:1331	arg1	observation					1333:1343	visual observation	1326:1343	visual observation when sampling, which is mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue and easy to be separated	1326:1432	The nerve continuity was in good condition through visual observation when sampling, which is mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue and easy to be separated.
27352316	1	33	theme	nerve	316:320	arg1	bud					330:332	nerve lateral bud	316:332	nerve lateral bud	316:332	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	9	34	theme	A	1739:1739	arg1	NCVs					1725:1728	NCVs	1725:1728	NCVs of group A	1725:1739	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	3	35	theme	experimental	793:804	arg1	B					790:790	(2) group B	780:790	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	35	theme	experimental	793:804	arg1	group					806:810	experimental group 1	793:812	experimental group 1	793:812	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	5	36	theme	experimental	1191:1202	arg1	animals					1204:1210	All experimental animals	1187:1210	All experimental animals	1187:1210	All experimental animals survived, and no infections were found at operative incisions.
27352316	0	37	theme	HUC-MSCs	81:88	arg1	Conduit					109:115	HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit	81:115	HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit	81:115	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	1	38	theme	bud	330:332	arg1	growth					306:311	growth	306:311	growth of nerve lateral bud	306:332	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	3	39	theme	tibial	954:959	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	1	40	from	role	156:159	arg1	induction					279:287	induction	279:287	induction	279:287	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	40	from	role	156:159	arg1	anastomosis					248:258	nerve end-to-side anastomosis	230:258	nerve end-to-side anastomosis	230:258	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	40	from	role	156:159	arg1	promotion					293:301	promotion	293:301	promotion	293:301	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	10	41	theme	sparse	2289:2294	arg1	matters					2306:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	42	theme	nerve	749:753	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	0	43	theme	Composite	99:107	arg1	Conduit					109:115	HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit	81:115	HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit	81:115	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	10	44	theme	fewer	2279:2283	arg1	matters					2306:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	9	45	theme	group	1932:1936	arg1	A					1938:1938	group A	1932:1938	group A	1932:1938	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	10	46	theme	group	2444:2448	arg1	B					2450:2450	group B	2444:2450	group B	2444:2450	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	47	theme	end-to-side	989:999	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	48	dep	B	790:790	arg1	2					781:781	2	781:781	2	781:781	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	49	theme	axis	2619:2622	arg1	bud					2624:2626	axis bud	2619:2626	axis bud	2619:2626	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	0	50	theme	Experimental	0:11	arg1	Research					13:20	Experimental Research	0:20	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.	0:116	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	3	51	theme	peroneal	974:981	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	52	theme	nerve	845:849	arg1	stoma					875:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	53	theme	group	1733:1737	arg1	A					1739:1739	group A	1733:1739	group A	1733:1739	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	10	54	dep	groups	2074:2079	arg1	groups					2074:2079	groups A and B.	2074:2088	groups A and B.	2074:2088	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	54	dep	groups	2074:2079	arg1	B.					2087:2088	B.	2087:2088	B.	2087:2088	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	54	dep	groups	2074:2079	arg1	A					2081:2081	A	2081:2081	A	2081:2081	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	55	theme	schwann	2338:2344	arg1	cells					2346:2350	schwann cells	2338:2350	schwann cells	2338:2350	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	2	56	used	used	484:487	arg2	conduit					442:448	the nerve conduit	432:448	the nerve conduit	432:448	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	10	57	theme	important	2502:2510	arg1	role					2512:2515	obviously an important role	2489:2515	obviously an important role	2489:2515	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	5	58	theme	operative	1254:1262	arg1	incisions					1264:1272	operative incisions	1254:1272	operative incisions	1254:1272	All experimental animals survived, and no infections were found at operative incisions.
27352316	2	59	theme	biological	388:397	arg1	characteristics					399:413	the biological characteristics	384:413	the biological characteristics of chitosan	384:425	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	3	60	theme	stoma	1013:1017	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	7	61	theme	composite	1458:1466	arg1	conduits					1474:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits were degraded completely after operation.
27352316	9	62	theme	B.	1751:1752	arg1	Toluidine					1754:1762	group B. Toluidine	1745:1762	group B. Toluidine blue staining	1745:1776	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	5	63	located	found	1245:1249	arg2	infections					1229:1238	no infections	1226:1238	no infections	1226:1238	All experimental animals survived, and no infections were found at operative incisions.
27352316	5	63	located	found	1245:1249	arg1	incisions					1264:1272	operative incisions	1254:1272	operative incisions	1254:1272	All experimental animals survived, and no infections were found at operative incisions.
27352316	0	64	theme	Bud	74:76	arg1	Growth					50:55	Differentiation-Inducing Growth	25:55	Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud	25:76	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	10	65	dep	group	2466:2470	arg1	play					2484:2487	play	2484:2487	play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells	2484:2735	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	0	66	theme	Nerve	60:64	arg1	Bud					74:76	Nerve Lateral Bud	60:76	Nerve Lateral Bud	60:76	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	1	67	theme	growth	306:311	arg1	induction					279:287	induction	279:287	induction	279:287	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	67	theme	growth	306:311	arg1	promotion					293:301	promotion	293:301	promotion	293:301	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	7	68	theme	HUC-MSCs	1440:1447	arg1	conduits					1474:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits were degraded completely after operation.
27352316	3	69	theme	anastomotic	863:873	arg1	stoma					875:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	70	theme	blue	1764:1767	arg1	staining					1769:1776	group B. Toluidine blue staining	1745:1776	group B. Toluidine blue staining	1745:1776	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	10	71	theme	regenerated	2664:2674	arg1	fiber					2676:2680	regenerated fiber	2664:2680	regenerated fiber	2664:2680	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	72	theme	nerve	2530:2534	arg1	regeneration					2536:2547	nerve regeneration	2530:2547	nerve regeneration	2530:2547	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	73	theme	nerve	1039:1043	arg1	conduit					1045:1051	chitosan nerve conduit	1030:1051	chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs	1030:1072	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	74	dep	growth	2700:2705	arg1	the					2696:2698	the	2696:2698	the	2696:2698	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	1	75	theme	end-to-side	236:246	arg1	anastomosis					248:258	nerve end-to-side anastomosis	230:258	nerve end-to-side anastomosis	230:258	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	3	76	theme	chitosan	894:901	arg1	conduit					909:915	chitosan nerve conduit	894:915	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	77	theme	electron	1795:1802	arg1	microscope					1804:1813	transmission electron microscope	1782:1813	transmission electron microscope	1782:1813	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	8	78	theme	nerve	1567:1571	arg1	higher					1628:1633	higher	1628:1633	higher	1628:1633	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	8	78	theme	nerve	1567:1571	arg1	NCV					1594:1596	NCV	1594:1596	NCV	1594:1596	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	8	78	theme	nerve	1567:1571	arg1	velocity					1584:1591	the nerve conduction velocity	1563:1591	the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C	1563:1608	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	2	79	theme	chitosan	339:346	arg1	conduit					354:360	The chitosan nerve conduit	335:360	The chitosan nerve conduit	335:360	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	10	80	theme	number	2162:2167	arg1	arrangement					2139:2149	the arrangement	2135:2149	the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2135:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	81	theme	schwann	2723:2729	arg1	cells					2731:2735	schwann cells	2723:2735	schwann cells	2723:2735	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	82	from	10	607:608	arg1	group					618:622	each group	613:622	each group	613:622	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	83	theme	end-to-side	640:650	arg1	anastomosis					652:662	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	630:662	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	630:662	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	84	theme	fibers	2022:2027	arg1	numbers					1996:2002	the numbers	1992:2002	the numbers of the medullated fibers	1992:2027	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	1	85	theme	human	164:168	arg1	HUC-MSCs					217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	85	theme	human	164:168	arg1	cells					210:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells	164:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs)	164:225	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	9	86	theme	Toluidine	1754:1762	arg1	staining					1769:1776	group B. Toluidine blue staining	1745:1776	group B. Toluidine blue staining	1745:1776	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	10	87	theme	schwann	2196:2202	arg1	cells					2204:2208	brown-red proliferating schwann cells	2172:2208	brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2172:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	88	theme	experimental	931:942	arg1	C					928:928	(3) group C	918:928	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	88	theme	experimental	931:942	arg1	group					944:948	experimental group 2	931:950	experimental group 2	931:950	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	1	89	theme	mesenchymal	193:203	arg1	HUC-MSCs					217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	89	theme	mesenchymal	193:203	arg1	cells					210:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells	164:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs)	164:225	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	3	90	dep	A	689:689	arg1	group					806:810	experimental group 1	793:812	experimental group 1	793:812	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	90	dep	A	689:689	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	90	dep	A	689:689	arg1	B					790:790	(2) group B	780:790	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	90	dep	A	689:689	arg1	nerve-common					823:834	tibial nerve-common	816:834	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	90	dep	A	689:689	arg1	1					680:680	1	680:680	1	680:680	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	91	theme	brown-red	2172:2180	arg1	cells					2204:2208	brown-red proliferating schwann cells	2172:2208	brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2172:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	9	92	theme	medullated	1845:1854	arg1	fibers					1856:1861	the medullated fibers	1841:1861	the medullated fibers	1841:1861	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	10	93	theme	cells	2346:2350	arg1	growth					2328:2333	very poor growth	2318:2333	very poor growth of schwann cells	2318:2350	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	93	theme	cells	2346:2350	arg1	matters					2306:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	6	94	theme	nerve	1279:1283	arg1	continuity					1285:1294	The nerve continuity	1275:1294	The nerve continuity	1275:1294	The nerve continuity was in good condition through visual observation when sampling, which is mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue and easy to be separated.
27352316	8	95	theme	group	1659:1663	arg1	B					1665:1665	group B	1659:1665	group B (p < 0.01)	1659:1676	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	8	95	theme	group	1659:1663	arg1	p < 0.01					1668:1675	p < 0.01	1668:1675	p < 0.01	1668:1675	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	1	96	theme	cells	210:214	arg1	role					156:159	the role	152:159	the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud	152:332	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	2	97	theme	end-to-side	509:519	arg1	stoma					533:537	the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	499:537	the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	499:537	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	10	98	theme	nerve	2560:2564	arg1	anastomosis					2578:2588	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	2556:2588	the nerve end-to-side anastomosis	2556:2588	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	99	theme	myelin	2045:2050	arg1	thicknesses					2059:2069	the myelin sheath thicknesses	2041:2069	the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B.	2041:2088	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	100	theme	group	683:687	arg1	A					689:689	(1) group A	679:689	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	100	theme	group	683:687	arg1	group					700:704	control group	692:704	control group	692:704	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	101	dep	groups	2373:2378	arg1	groups					2373:2378	groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells	2373:2735	groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells	2373:2735	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	101	dep	groups	2373:2378	arg1	B.					2386:2387	B.	2386:2387	B.	2386:2387	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	101	dep	groups	2373:2378	arg1	A					2380:2380	A	2380:2380	A	2380:2380	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	102	dep	groups	599:604	arg1	10					607:608	10	607:608	10	607:608	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	103	theme	significant	1960:1970	arg1	differences					1972:1982	no significant differences	1957:1982	no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B.	1957:2088	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	9	104	theme	myelin	1871:1876	arg1	sheath					1878:1883	the myelin sheath	1867:1883	the myelin sheath thickness in group C	1867:1904	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	10	105	theme	nerve	2233:2237	arg1	fibers					2239:2244	the regenerated nerve fibers	2217:2244	the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2217:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	4	106	theme	nerve	1110:1114	arg1	electrophysiology					1116:1132	nerve electrophysiology	1110:1132	nerve electrophysiology	1110:1132	General morphological observation, nerve electrophysiology, and anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry were performed.
27352316	3	107	theme	group	784:788	arg1	B					790:790	(2) group B	780:790	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	107	theme	group	784:788	arg1	group					806:810	experimental group 1	793:812	experimental group 1	793:812	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	108	theme	group	1898:1902	arg1	C					1904:1904	group C	1898:1904	group C	1898:1904	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	3	109	theme	peroneal	740:747	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	1	110	dep	induction	279:287	arg1	the					275:277	the	275:277	the	275:277	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	9	111	from	number	1831:1836	arg1	C					1904:1904	group C	1898:1904	group C	1898:1904	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	4	112	theme	General	1075:1081	arg1	observation					1097:1107	General morphological observation	1075:1107	General morphological observation	1075:1107	General morphological observation, nerve electrophysiology, and anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry were performed.
27352316	3	113	theme	tibial	720:725	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	0	114	theme	Chitosan	90:97	arg1	Conduit					109:115	HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit	81:115	HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit	81:115	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	1	115	theme	lateral	322:328	arg1	bud					330:332	nerve lateral bud	316:332	nerve lateral bud	316:332	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	10	116	theme	regenerated	2221:2231	arg1	fibers					2239:2244	the regenerated nerve fibers	2217:2244	the regenerated nerve fibers in group C	2217:2255	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	0	117	from	Research	13:20	arg1	Growth					50:55	Differentiation-Inducing Growth	25:55	Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud	25:76	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	6	118	theme	good	1303:1306	arg1	condition					1308:1316	good condition	1303:1316	good condition	1303:1316	The nerve continuity was in good condition through visual observation when sampling, which is mild adhesion to the surrounding tissue and easy to be separated.
27352316	9	119	theme	significant	1693:1703	arg1	differences					1705:1715	no significant differences	1690:1715	no significant differences between NCVs of group A	1690:1739	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	3	120	theme	end-to-side	755:765	arg1	anastomosis					767:777	traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis	708:777	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	121	theme	nerve	983:987	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	122	theme	tibial	816:821	arg1	nerve-common					823:834	tibial nerve-common	816:834	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	10	123	theme	bud	2624:2626	arg1	growth					2609:2614	the growth	2605:2614	the growth of axis bud	2605:2626	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	124	located	observed	2361:2368	arg1	groups					2373:2378	groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells	2373:2735	groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells	2373:2735	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	124	located	observed	2361:2368	arg2	growth					2328:2333	very poor growth	2318:2333	very poor growth of schwann cells	2318:2350	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	124	located	observed	2361:2368	arg1	A					2380:2380	A	2380:2380	A	2380:2380	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	124	located	observed	2361:2368	arg1	B.					2386:2387	B.	2386:2387	B.	2386:2387	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	124	located	observed	2361:2368	arg2	matters					2306:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	125	theme	nerve-common	961:972	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	1	126	link	umbilical-cord-derived	170:191	arg1	HUC-MSCs					217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	HUC-MSCs	217:224	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	1	126	link	umbilical-cord-derived	170:191	arg1	cells					210:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells	164:214	human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs)	164:225	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	4	127	theme	anti-S-100	1139:1148	arg1	immunohistochemistry					1150:1169	anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry	1139:1169	anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry	1139:1169	General morphological observation, nerve electrophysiology, and anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry were performed.
27352316	10	128	theme	A.	2472:2473	arg1	HUC-MSCs					2475:2482	A. HUC-MSCs	2472:2482	A. HUC-MSCs	2472:2482	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	0	129	theme	Differentiation-Inducing	25:48	arg1	Growth					50:55	Differentiation-Inducing Growth	25:55	Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud	25:76	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	3	130	theme	end-to-side	851:861	arg1	stoma					875:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	131	from	thickness	1885:1893	arg1	C					1904:1904	group C	1898:1904	group C	1898:1904	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	2	132	theme	chitosan	418:425	arg1	characteristics					399:413	the biological characteristics	384:413	the biological characteristics of chitosan	384:425	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	10	133	theme	growth	2645:2650	arg1	velocity					2652:2659	the growth velocity	2641:2659	the growth velocity of regenerated fiber	2641:2680	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	134	located	observed	2432:2439	arg1	B					2450:2450	group B	2444:2450	group B	2444:2450	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	10	134	located	observed	2432:2439	arg2	situation					2413:2421	Slightly more favorable situation	2389:2421	Slightly more favorable situation	2389:2421	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	3	135	theme	anastomotic	1001:1011	arg1	bridged					1019:1025	tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	954:1025	chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged	894:1025	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	3	136	theme	peroneal	836:843	arg1	stoma					875:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	(1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma	679:879	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	9	137	theme	group	1745:1749	arg1	Toluidine					1754:1762	group B. Toluidine	1745:1762	group B. Toluidine blue staining	1745:1776	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	8	138	theme	Electrophysiological	1525:1544	arg1	test					1546:1549	Electrophysiological test	1525:1549	Electrophysiological test	1525:1549	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	0	139	theme	Lateral	66:72	arg1	Bud					74:76	Nerve Lateral Bud	60:76	Nerve Lateral Bud	60:76	Experimental Research on Differentiation-Inducing Growth of Nerve Lateral Bud by HUC-MSCs Chitosan Composite Conduit.
27352316	7	140	theme	nerve	1468:1472	arg1	conduits					1474:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits were degraded completely after operation.
27352316	2	141	theme	nerve	436:440	arg1	conduit					442:448	the nerve conduit	432:448	the nerve conduit	432:448	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	10	142	theme	fiber	2676:2680	arg1	velocity					2652:2659	the growth velocity	2641:2659	the growth velocity of regenerated fiber	2641:2680	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	8	143	theme	group	1602:1606	arg1	C					1608:1608	group C	1602:1608	group C	1602:1608	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	3	144	theme	chitosan	1030:1037	arg1	conduit					1045:1051	chitosan nerve conduit	1030:1051	chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs	1030:1072	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
27352316	7	145	theme	chitosan	1449:1456	arg1	conduits					1474:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits were degraded completely after operation.
27352316	10	146	theme	groups	2074:2079	arg1	thicknesses					2059:2069	the myelin sheath thicknesses	2041:2069	the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B.	2041:2088	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	1	147	theme	nerve	230:234	arg1	anastomosis					248:258	nerve end-to-side anastomosis	230:258	nerve end-to-side anastomosis	230:258	This study is intended to explore the role of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in nerve end-to-side anastomosis, as well as in the induction and promotion of growth of nerve lateral bud.
27352316	7	148	theme	12 W	1435:1438	arg1	conduits					1474:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits	1435:1481	12 W HUC-MSCs chitosan composite nerve conduits were degraded completely after operation.
27352316	10	149	theme	brown-red	2296:2304	arg1	matters					2306:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	fewer and sparse brown-red matters	2279:2312	There were no significant differences between the numbers of the medullated fibers and between the myelin sheath thicknesses of groups A and B. By means of anti-S-100 immunohistochemistry, the arrangement of a large number of brown-red proliferating schwann cells around the regenerated nerve fibers in group C could be found, while fewer and sparse brown-red matters and very poor growth of schwann cells could be observed in groups A and B. Slightly more favorable situation could be observed in group B compared with group A. HUC-MSCs play obviously an important role in promoting nerve regeneration during the nerve end-to-side anastomosis, which induces the growth of axis bud, accelerates the growth velocity of regenerated fiber, and promotes the growth and maturity of schwann cells.
27352316	9	150	theme	transmission	1782:1793	arg1	microscope					1804:1813	transmission electron microscope	1782:1813	transmission electron microscope	1782:1813	There were no significant differences between NCVs of group A and group B. Toluidine blue staining and transmission electron microscope showed that the number of the medullated fibers and the myelin sheath thickness in group C were larger than those in group A or B.
27352316	8	151	theme	conduction	1573:1582	arg1	higher					1628:1633	higher	1628:1633	higher	1628:1633	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	8	151	theme	conduction	1573:1582	arg1	NCV					1594:1596	NCV	1594:1596	NCV	1594:1596	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	8	151	theme	conduction	1573:1582	arg1	velocity					1584:1591	the nerve conduction velocity	1563:1591	the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C	1563:1608	Electrophysiological test showed that the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in group C was significantly higher than that in group A or group B (p < 0.01).
27352316	2	152	theme	nerve	348:352	arg1	conduit					354:360	The chitosan nerve conduit	335:360	The chitosan nerve conduit	335:360	The chitosan nerve conduit was prepared based on the biological characteristics of chitosan, and the nerve conduit was filled with HUC-MSCs, and was used to bridge the nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma.
27352316	3	153	dep	C	928:928	arg1	3					919:919	3	919:919	3	919:919	The experimental animals were randomly assigned into three groups (10 in each group), and the nerve end-to-side anastomosis was conducted: (1) group A (control group): traditional tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomosis; (2) group B (experimental group 1): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged with chitosan nerve conduit; (3) group C (experimental group 2): tibial nerve-common peroneal nerve end-to-side anastomotic stoma bridged by chitosan nerve conduit filled with HUC-MSCs.
28254570	2	0	theme	bioavailability	479:493	arg1	terms					448:452	terms	448:452	terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity	448:517	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
28254570	4	1	from	crocin	768:773	arg1	scavenging					796:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	4	1	from	crocin	768:773	arg1	ability					827:833	ferric reducing ability	811:833	ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)	811:850	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	4	2	theme	antioxidant	681:691	arg1	same					745:748	same	745:748	same	745:748	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	4	2	theme	antioxidant	681:691	arg1	activity					693:700	The antioxidant activity	677:700	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles	677:735	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	1	3	theme	pH	252:253	arg1	stress					286:291	oxidative stress	276:291	oxidative stress	276:291	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	1	3	theme	pH	252:253	arg1	variations					255:264	pH variations	252:264	pH variations	252:264	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	1	3	theme	pH	252:253	arg1	heat					267:270	heat	267:270	heat	267:270	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	5	4	theme	crocin	862:867	arg1	profile					877:883	In vitro crocin release profile	853:883	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles	853:912	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	5	5	theme	release	869:875	arg1	profile					877:883	In vitro crocin release profile	853:883	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles	853:912	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	0	6	theme	anticancer	112:121	arg1	properties					123:132	anticancer properties	112:132	anticancer properties	112:132	Nanoparticles based on crocin loaded chitosan-alginate biopolymers: Antioxidant activities, bioavailability and anticancer properties.
28254570	6	7	theme	additional	1190:1199	arg1	investigations					1201:1214	additional investigations	1190:1214	additional investigations	1190:1214	The experimental reports collected in this study strongly indicate that nanoparticles loaded with crocin could be the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations.
28254570	3	8	theme	loaded	543:548	arg1	nanoparticles					550:562	crocin loaded nanoparticles	536:562	crocin loaded nanoparticles	536:562	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	6	9	theme	anti-cancer	1152:1162	arg1	therapeutics					1164:1175	the future anti-cancer therapeutics	1141:1175	the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations	1141:1214	The experimental reports collected in this study strongly indicate that nanoparticles loaded with crocin could be the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations.
28254570	1	10	from	carotenoid	159:168	arg1	saffron					173:179	saffron	173:179	saffron	173:179	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	3	11	theme	nanoparticles	550:562	arg1	pH-dependent					568:579	pH-dependent	568:579	pH-dependent	568:579	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	11	theme	nanoparticles	550:562	arg1	swelling					524:531	The swelling	520:531	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles	520:562	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	4	12	theme	pure	763:766	arg1	crocin					768:773	pure crocin	763:773	pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)	763:850	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	2	13	theme	activity	510:517	arg1	terms					448:452	terms	448:452	terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity	448:517	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
28254570	2	14	theme	activity	469:476	arg1	terms					448:452	terms	448:452	terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity	448:517	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
28254570	3	15	theme	crocin	536:541	arg1	nanoparticles					550:562	crocin loaded nanoparticles	536:562	crocin loaded nanoparticles	536:562	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	4	16	theme	plasma	838:843	arg1	scavenging					796:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	4	16	theme	plasma	838:843	arg1	ability					827:833	ferric reducing ability	811:833	ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)	811:850	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	5	17	from	nanoparticles	900:912	arg1	profile					877:883	In vitro crocin release profile	853:883	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles	853:912	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	4	18	theme	nanoparticles	723:735	arg1	same					745:748	same	745:748	same	745:748	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	4	18	theme	nanoparticles	723:735	arg1	activity					693:700	The antioxidant activity	677:700	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles	677:735	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	4	19	theme	loaded	716:721	arg1	nanoparticles					723:735	the crocin loaded nanoparticles	705:735	the crocin loaded nanoparticles	705:735	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	6	20	theme	experimental	1000:1011	arg1	reports					1013:1019	The experimental reports	996:1019	The experimental reports collected in this study	996:1043	The experimental reports collected in this study strongly indicate that nanoparticles loaded with crocin could be the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations.
28254570	1	21	theme	bioactive	194:202	arg1	Crocin					135:140	Crocin	135:140	Crocin	135:140	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	1	21	theme	bioactive	194:202	arg1	compound					204:211	a highly bioactive compound	185:211	a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability	185:333	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	1	22	theme	oxidative	276:284	arg1	stress					286:291	oxidative stress	276:291	oxidative stress	276:291	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	1	22	theme	oxidative	276:284	arg1	variations					255:264	pH variations	252:264	pH variations	252:264	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	5	23	dep	In	853:854	arg1	vitro					856:860	vitro	856:860	vitro	856:860	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	3	24	theme	acidic	640:645	arg1	pH=1.2					658:663	pH=1.2	658:663	pH=1.2	658:663	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	24	theme	acidic	640:645	arg1	condition					647:655	acidic condition	640:655	acidic condition (pH=1.2)	640:664	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	5	25	theme	simulated	937:945	arg1	conditions					961:970	simulated physiological conditions	937:970	simulated physiological conditions	937:970	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	6	26	theme	prospective	1114:1124	arg1	nanoparticles					1068:1080	nanoparticles	1068:1080	nanoparticles loaded with crocin	1068:1099	The experimental reports collected in this study strongly indicate that nanoparticles loaded with crocin could be the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations.
28254570	6	26	theme	prospective	1114:1124	arg1	candidates					1126:1135	the prospective candidates	1110:1135	the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations	1110:1214	The experimental reports collected in this study strongly indicate that nanoparticles loaded with crocin could be the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations.
28254570	0	27	theme	chitosan-alginate	37:53	arg1	biopolymers					55:65	chitosan-alginate biopolymers	37:65	chitosan-alginate biopolymers	37:65	Nanoparticles based on crocin loaded chitosan-alginate biopolymers: Antioxidant activities, bioavailability and anticancer properties.
28254570	1	28	with	compound	204:211	arg1	use					226:228	limited use	218:228	limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability	218:333	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	3	29	theme	swelling	601:608	arg1	16g/g					617:621	16g/g	617:621	16g/g	617:621	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	29	theme	swelling	601:608	arg1	ratio					610:614	the highest swelling ratio	589:614	the highest swelling ratio (16g/g)	589:622	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	1	30	theme	limited	218:224	arg1	use					226:228	limited use	218:228	limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability	218:333	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	2	31	theme	antioxidant	457:467	arg1	activity					469:476	antioxidant activity	457:476	antioxidant activity	457:476	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
28254570	1	32	theme	rapid	294:298	arg1	absorption					300:309	rapid absorption	294:309	rapid absorption	294:309	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	4	33	theme	radical	788:794	arg1	scavenging					796:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	2	34	theme	new	400:402	arg1	vehicle					404:410	a new vehicle	398:410	a new vehicle for crocin	398:421	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
28254570	4	35	theme	ferric	811:816	arg1	ability					827:833	ferric reducing ability	811:833	ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)	811:850	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	6	36	theme	future	1145:1150	arg1	therapeutics					1164:1175	the future anti-cancer therapeutics	1141:1175	the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations	1141:1214	The experimental reports collected in this study strongly indicate that nanoparticles loaded with crocin could be the prospective candidates for the future anti-cancer therapeutics that deserve additional investigations.
28254570	3	37	located	observed	628:635	arg1	pH=1.2					658:663	pH=1.2	658:663	pH=1.2	658:663	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	37	located	observed	628:635	arg2	16g/g					617:621	16g/g	617:621	16g/g	617:621	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	37	located	observed	628:635	arg1	condition					647:655	acidic condition	640:655	acidic condition (pH=1.2)	640:664	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	37	located	observed	628:635	arg2	ratio					610:614	the highest swelling ratio	589:614	the highest swelling ratio (16g/g)	589:622	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	4	38	theme	reducing	818:825	arg1	ability					827:833	ferric reducing ability	811:833	ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)	811:850	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	3	39	theme	highest	593:599	arg1	16g/g					617:621	16g/g	617:621	16g/g	617:621	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	3	39	theme	highest	593:599	arg1	ratio					610:614	the highest swelling ratio	589:614	the highest swelling ratio (16g/g)	589:622	The swelling of crocin loaded nanoparticles was pH-dependent so that the highest swelling ratio (16g/g) was observed in acidic condition (pH=1.2) after 24h.
28254570	1	40	theme	low	315:317	arg1	bioavailability					319:333	low bioavailability	315:333	low bioavailability	315:333	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	4	41	theme	crocin	709:714	arg1	nanoparticles					723:735	the crocin loaded nanoparticles	705:735	the crocin loaded nanoparticles	705:735	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	5	42	theme	incubation	979:988	arg1	time					990:993	incubation time	979:993	incubation time	979:993	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	5	43	theme	physiological	947:959	arg1	conditions					961:970	simulated physiological conditions	937:970	simulated physiological conditions	937:970	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	1	44	theme	water-soluble	145:157	arg1	Crocin					135:140	Crocin	135:140	Crocin	135:140	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	1	44	theme	water-soluble	145:157	arg1	carotenoid					159:168	a water-soluble carotenoid	143:168	a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron	143:179	Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid in saffron, is a highly bioactive compound with limited use due to instability to pH variations, heat and oxidative stress, rapid absorption and low bioavailability.
28254570	5	45	theme	composite	890:898	arg1	nanoparticles					900:912	composite nanoparticles	890:912	composite nanoparticles	890:912	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	2	46	theme	anticancer	499:508	arg1	activity					510:517	anticancer activity	499:517	anticancer activity	499:517	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
28254570	4	47	theme	free	783:786	arg1	scavenging					796:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	5	48	theme	In	853:854	arg1	profile					877:883	In vitro crocin release profile	853:883	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles	853:912	In vitro crocin release profile from composite nanoparticles was investigated under simulated physiological conditions during incubation time.
28254570	0	49	theme	Antioxidant	68:78	arg1	activities					80:89	Antioxidant activities	68:89	Antioxidant activities	68:89	Nanoparticles based on crocin loaded chitosan-alginate biopolymers: Antioxidant activities, bioavailability and anticancer properties.
28254570	4	50	theme	DPPH	778:781	arg1	scavenging					796:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	DPPH free radical scavenging	778:805	The antioxidant activity of the crocin loaded nanoparticles was the same effective as pure crocin on DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).
28254570	2	51	theme	chitosan-alginate	351:367	arg1	nanoparticles					369:381	chitosan-alginate nanoparticles	351:381	chitosan-alginate nanoparticles	351:381	In this study, chitosan-alginate nanoparticles, considered as a new vehicle for crocin to improve properties in terms of antioxidant activity, bioavailability and anticancer activity.
26754597	0	0	theme	cell	81:84	arg1	system					96:101	a cell retention system	79:101	a cell retention system for perfusion cultures	79:124	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	1	1	theme	few	322:324	arg1	results					339:345	few quantitative results	322:345	few quantitative results	322:345	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	2	theme	mechanical	811:820	arg1	resistance					822:831	mechanical resistance	811:831	mechanical resistance	811:831	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	1	3	theme	density	155:161	arg1	culture					163:169	high cell density culture	145:169	high cell density culture of mammalian cells	145:188	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	1	4	theme	poor	238:241	arg1	stability					243:251	the poor stability	234:251	the poor stability of the microcapsules	234:272	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	2	5	theme	capsules	462:469	arg1	comparison					448:457	comparison	448:457	comparison of capsules made from different polymers	448:498	Alginate-poly-L-lysine (PLL) microcapsules have been studied in detail in order to form a basis for comparison of capsules made from different polymers.
26754597	1	6	theme	quantitative	326:337	arg1	results					339:345	few quantitative results	322:345	few quantitative results	322:345	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	7	theme	microcapsule	1115:1126	arg1	rupture					1128:1134	microcapsule rupture	1115:1134	microcapsule rupture	1115:1134	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	4	8	theme	resistance	822:831	arg1	Measurement					769:779	Measurement	769:779	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance	769:831	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	4	9	theme	higher	1016:1021	arg1	affinity					1023:1030	a higher affinity	1014:1030	a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+)	1014:1063	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	3	10	theme	internal	744:751	arg1	volume					761:766	the internal capsule volume	740:766	the internal capsule volume	740:766	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	0	11	theme	retention	86:94	arg1	system					96:101	a cell retention system	79:101	a cell retention system for perfusion cultures	79:124	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	3	12	theme	cell/ml	675:681	arg1	microcapsules					683:695	4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules)	665:696	4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules)	665:696	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	4	13	contain	have	1009:1012	arg2	affinity					1023:1030	a higher affinity	1014:1030	a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+)	1014:1063	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	4	13	contain	have	1009:1012	arg1	ions					999:1002	non-gelling ions	987:1002	non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture	987:1134	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	2	14	theme	Alginate-poly-L-lysine	348:369	arg1	microcapsules					377:389	Alginate-poly-L-lysine (PLL) microcapsules	348:389	Alginate-poly-L-lysine (PLL) microcapsules	348:389	Alginate-poly-L-lysine (PLL) microcapsules have been studied in detail in order to form a basis for comparison of capsules made from different polymers.
26754597	3	15	theme	capsule	753:759	arg1	volume					761:766	the internal capsule volume	740:766	the internal capsule volume	740:766	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	0	16	theme	perfusion	107:115	arg1	cultures					117:124	perfusion cultures	107:124	perfusion cultures	107:124	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	3	17	theme	volume	761:766	arg1	volume					761:766	the internal capsule volume	740:766	the internal capsule volume	740:766	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	3	17	theme	volume	761:766	arg1	%					735:735	5%	734:735	5% of the internal capsule volume	734:766	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	1	18	theme	mammalian	174:182	arg1	cells					184:188	mammalian cells	174:188	mammalian cells	174:188	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	19	theme	integrity	797:805	arg1	Measurement					769:779	Measurement	769:779	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance	769:831	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	1	20	theme	cells	184:188	arg1	culture					163:169	high cell density culture	145:169	high cell density culture of mammalian cells	145:188	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	1	21	theme	microcapsules	260:272	arg1	stability					243:251	the poor stability	234:251	the poor stability of the microcapsules	234:272	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	1	21	theme	microcapsules	260:272	arg1	lack					282:285	the lack	278:285	the lack of characterisation methods	278:313	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	22	theme	microcapsule	784:795	arg1	integrity					797:805	microcapsule integrity	784:805	microcapsule integrity	784:805	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	0	23	theme	potential	20:28	arg1	understanding					3:15	An understanding	0:15	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL	0:60	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	4	24	theme	non-gelling	987:997	arg1	ions					999:1002	non-gelling ions	987:1002	non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture	987:1134	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	3	25	theme	microcapsules	683:695	arg1	maximum					654:660	a maximum	652:660	a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules)	652:696	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	3	26	theme	cell	618:621	arg1	densities					623:631	high cell densities	613:631	high cell densities	613:631	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	0	27	theme	limitations	34:44	arg1	understanding					3:15	An understanding	0:15	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL	0:60	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	4	28	theme	perfusion	893:901	arg1	cultures					903:910	perfusion cultures	893:910	perfusion cultures	893:910	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	1	29	theme	increasing	204:213	arg1	interest					215:222	an increasing interest	201:222	an increasing interest	201:222	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	30	theme	ions	999:1002	arg1	presence					975:982	the presence	971:982	the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture	971:1134	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	0	31	theme	alginate/PLL	49:60	arg1	limitations					34:44	limitations	34:44	limitations of alginate/PLL	34:60	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	0	31	theme	alginate/PLL	49:60	arg1	potential					20:28	potential	20:28	potential	20:28	An understanding of potential and limitations of alginate/PLL microcapsules as a cell retention system for perfusion cultures.
26754597	1	32	theme	characterisation	290:305	arg1	methods					307:313	characterisation methods	290:313	characterisation methods	290:313	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	33	theme	alginate-PLL	845:856	arg1	microcapsules					858:870	alginate-PLL microcapsules	845:870	alginate-PLL microcapsules	845:870	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	3	34	theme	high	613:616	arg1	densities					623:631	high cell densities	613:631	high cell densities	613:631	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	4	35	theme	PLL	1092:1094	arg1	leakage					1081:1087	the leakage	1077:1087	the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+)	1077:1105	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	1	36	theme	methods	307:313	arg1	stability					243:251	the poor stability	234:251	the poor stability of the microcapsules	234:272	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	1	36	theme	methods	307:313	arg1	lack					282:285	the lack	278:285	the lack of characterisation methods	278:313	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	3	37	theme	separation	594:603	arg1	device					605:610	a cell separation device	587:610	a cell separation device	587:610	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	4	38	theme	Ca	1100:1101	arg1	leakage					1081:1087	the leakage	1077:1087	the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+)	1077:1105	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	2	39	theme	different	481:489	arg1	polymers					491:498	different polymers	481:498	different polymers	481:498	Alginate-poly-L-lysine (PLL) microcapsules have been studied in detail in order to form a basis for comparison of capsules made from different polymers.
26754597	1	40	theme	high	145:148	arg1	culture					163:169	high cell density culture	145:169	high cell density culture of mammalian cells	145:188	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	4	41	theme	media	945:949	arg1	composition					951:961	media composition	945:961	media composition	945:961	Measurement of microcapsule integrity and mechanical resistance showed that alginate-PLL microcapsules are not suitable for perfusion cultures since they are very sensitive to media composition, mainly the presence of non-gelling ions that have a higher affinity for alginate than PLL and Ca(2+), leading to the leakage of PLL and Ca(2+), and to microcapsule rupture.
26754597	3	42	theme	cell	589:592	arg1	device					605:610	a cell separation device	587:610	a cell separation device	587:610	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
26754597	1	43	theme	cell	150:153	arg1	culture					163:169	high cell density culture	145:169	high cell density culture of mammalian cells	145:188	Microcapsules for high cell density culture of mammalian cells have found an increasing interest, however, the poor stability of the microcapsules and the lack of characterisation methods led to few quantitative results.
26754597	3	44	theme	%	735:735	arg1	colonisation					718:729	a colonisation	716:729	a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume	716:766	Since the microcapsules can be easily retained in the bioreactor without the need for a cell separation device, high cell densities were achieved with a maximum of 4 × 10(7) cell/ml(microcapsules), corresponding to a colonisation of 5% of the internal capsule volume.
24274539	2	0	theme	hydrophobic	499:509	arg1	interactions					511:522	hydrophobic interactions	499:522	hydrophobic interactions	499:522	Associations between pectic fractions and procyanidins involved hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.
24274539	1	1	theme	absorption	332:341	arg1	analysis					343:350	absorption analysis	332:350	absorption analysis	332:350	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	2	with	arabinogalactan-proteins	155:178	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	3	theme	arabinogalactan-proteins	155:178	arg1	regions					108:114	seven hairy regions	96:114	seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30),	96:272	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	6	4	theme	DP30	978:981	arg1	procyanidins					962:973	the procyanidins	958:973	the procyanidins of DP30	958:981	Aggregation could be observed only with the procyanidins of DP30 and the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein.
24274539	6	4	theme	DP30	978:981	arg1	arabinogalactan-protein					1004:1026	the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein	987:1026	the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein	987:1026	Aggregation could be observed only with the procyanidins of DP30 and the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein.
24274539	5	5	dep	rhamnogalacturonans	865:883	arg1	arabinogalactan-proteins					892:915	arabinogalactan-proteins	892:915	arabinogalactan-proteins	892:915	Only very low affinities were obtained with rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins.
24274539	5	5	dep	rhamnogalacturonans	865:883	arg1	II					885:886	II	885:886	II	885:886	Only very low affinities were obtained with rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins.
24274539	5	5	dep	rhamnogalacturonans	865:883	arg1	rhamnogalacturonans					865:883	rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins	865:915	rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins	865:915	Only very low affinities were obtained with rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins.
24274539	3	6	theme	association	561:571	arg1	constants					573:581	association constants	561:581	association constants	561:581	No difference in association constants between various hairy regions and procyanidins DP9 was found.
24274539	4	7	theme	higher	779:784	arg1	association					786:796	higher association	779:796	higher association with procyanidin DP30	779:818	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	7	8	theme	polymerization	1075:1088	arg1	degrees					1064:1070	both degrees	1059:1070	both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins	1059:1108	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	4	9	with	pectins	732:738	arg1	chains					765:770	only monomeric side chains	745:770	only monomeric side chains	745:770	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	4	10	theme	pectins	732:738	arg1	regions					721:727	hairy regions	715:727	hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains	715:770	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	4	11	theme	lower	682:686	arg1	constants					700:708	lower association constants	682:708	lower association constants	682:708	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	7	12	theme	pectic	1184:1189	arg1	fractions					1191:1199	pectic fractions	1184:1199	pectic fractions	1184:1199	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	2	13	theme	hydrogen	528:535	arg1	bonds					537:541	hydrogen bonds	528:541	hydrogen bonds	528:541	Associations between pectic fractions and procyanidins involved hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.
24274539	1	14	with	rhamnogalacturonans	128:146	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	4	15	theme	association	688:698	arg1	constants					700:708	lower association constants	682:708	lower association constants	682:708	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	0	16	theme	sugar	8:12	arg1	chains					19:24	Neutral sugar side chains	0:24	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins	0:35	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins limit interactions with procyanidins.
24274539	3	17	theme	hairy	599:603	arg1	regions					605:611	various hairy regions	591:611	various hairy regions	591:611	No difference in association constants between various hairy regions and procyanidins DP9 was found.
24274539	1	18	theme	different	202:210	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	0	19	theme	Neutral	0:6	arg1	chains					19:24	Neutral sugar side chains	0:24	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins	0:35	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins limit interactions with procyanidins.
24274539	1	20	with	pectins	119:125	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	21	theme	average	212:218	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	22	theme	hairy	102:106	arg1	regions					108:114	seven hairy regions	96:114	seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30),	96:272	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	7	23	theme	fractions	1191:1199	arg1	composition					1151:1161	neutral sugar composition	1137:1161	neutral sugar composition	1137:1161	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	7	23	theme	fractions	1191:1199	arg1	structure					1171:1179	the structure	1167:1179	the structure of pectic fractions	1167:1199	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	0	24	theme	side	14:17	arg1	chains					19:24	Neutral sugar side chains	0:24	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins	0:35	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins limit interactions with procyanidins.
24274539	1	25	theme	neutral	375:381	arg1	chains					394:399	neutral sugar side chains	375:399	neutral sugar side chains of pectins	375:410	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	3	26	theme	various	591:597	arg1	regions					605:611	various hairy regions	591:611	various hairy regions	591:611	No difference in association constants between various hairy regions and procyanidins DP9 was found.
24274539	4	27	theme	arabinan	659:666	arg1	chains					668:673	arabinan chains	659:673	arabinan chains	659:673	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	0	28	theme	pectins	29:35	arg1	chains					19:24	Neutral sugar side chains	0:24	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins	0:35	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins limit interactions with procyanidins.
24274539	7	29	theme	sugar	1145:1149	arg1	composition					1151:1161	neutral sugar composition	1137:1161	neutral sugar composition	1137:1161	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	1	30	theme	sugar	383:387	arg1	chains					394:399	neutral sugar side chains	375:399	neutral sugar side chains of pectins	375:410	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	31	theme	polymerization	231:244	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	4	32	with	association	786:796	arg1	DP30					815:818	procyanidin DP30	803:818	procyanidin DP30	803:818	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	1	33	theme	side	389:392	arg1	chains					394:399	neutral sugar side chains	375:399	neutral sugar side chains of pectins	375:410	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	5	34	theme	low	831:833	arg1	affinities					835:844	Only very low affinities	821:844	Only very low affinities	821:844	Only very low affinities were obtained with rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins.
24274539	1	35	theme	isothermal	295:304	arg1	calorimetry					316:326	isothermal titration calorimetry	295:326	isothermal titration calorimetry	295:326	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	36	theme	chains	394:399	arg1	impact					365:370	the impact	361:370	the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations	361:432	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	2	37	theme	pectic	456:461	arg1	fractions					463:471	pectic fractions	456:471	pectic fractions	456:471	Associations between pectic fractions and procyanidins involved hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds.
24274539	1	38	theme	titration	306:314	arg1	calorimetry					316:326	isothermal titration calorimetry	295:326	isothermal titration calorimetry	295:326	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	7	39	theme	neutral	1137:1143	arg1	composition					1151:1161	neutral sugar composition	1137:1161	neutral sugar composition	1137:1161	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	3	40	theme	procyanidins	617:628	arg1	DP9					630:632	procyanidins DP9	617:632	procyanidins DP9	617:632	No difference in association constants between various hairy regions and procyanidins DP9 was found.
24274539	1	41	theme	pectins	119:125	arg1	regions					108:114	seven hairy regions	96:114	seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30),	96:272	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	6	42	theme	protein-rich	991:1002	arg1	arabinogalactan-protein					1004:1026	the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein	987:1026	the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein	987:1026	Aggregation could be observed only with the procyanidins of DP30 and the protein-rich arabinogalactan-protein.
24274539	1	43	with	procyanidins	184:195	arg1	degrees					220:226	different average degrees	202:226	different average degrees of polymerization	202:244	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	1	44	theme	pectins	404:410	arg1	chains					394:399	neutral sugar side chains	375:399	neutral sugar side chains of pectins	375:410	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	4	45	theme	hairy	715:719	arg1	regions					721:727	hairy regions	715:727	hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains	715:770	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	4	46	theme	side	760:763	arg1	chains					765:770	only monomeric side chains	745:770	only monomeric side chains	745:770	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	7	47	theme	procyanidins	1097:1108	arg1	polymerization					1075:1088	polymerization	1075:1088	polymerization of the procyanidins	1075:1108	Associations were obtained at both degrees of polymerization of the procyanidins, but differed depending on neutral sugar composition and the structure of pectic fractions.
24274539	4	48	theme	procyanidin	803:813	arg1	DP30					815:818	procyanidin DP30	803:818	procyanidin DP30	803:818	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	0	49	with	interactions	43:54	arg1	procyanidins					61:72	procyanidins	61:72	procyanidins	61:72	Neutral sugar side chains of pectins limit interactions with procyanidins.
24274539	1	50	theme	rhamnogalacturonans	128:146	arg1	regions					108:114	seven hairy regions	96:114	seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30),	96:272	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	4	51	theme	monomeric	750:758	arg1	chains					765:770	only monomeric side chains	745:770	only monomeric side chains	745:770	Nevertheless, arabinan chains showed lower association constants, and hairy regions of pectins with only monomeric side chains showed higher association with procyanidin DP30.
24274539	1	52	from	impact	365:370	arg1	associations					421:432	these associations	415:432	these associations	415:432	Interactions between seven hairy regions of pectins, rhamnogalacturonans II and arabinogalactan-proteins and procyanidins with different average degrees of polymerization, low (DP9) and high (DP30), were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and absorption analysis to study the impact of neutral sugar side chains of pectins on these associations.
24274539	3	53	from	difference	547:556	arg1	constants					573:581	association constants	561:581	association constants	561:581	No difference in association constants between various hairy regions and procyanidins DP9 was found.
29177877	0	0	theme	Septic	94:99	arg1	Wounds					101:106	Experimental Septic Wounds	81:106	Experimental Septic Wounds	81:106	Application of Preparations Containing Copper Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Experimental Septic Wounds.
29177877	1	1	theme	copper	165:170	arg1	nanoparticles					172:184	copper nanoparticles	165:184	copper nanoparticles	165:184	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	0	2	theme	Experimental	81:92	arg1	Wounds					101:106	Experimental Septic Wounds	81:106	Experimental Septic Wounds	81:106	Application of Preparations Containing Copper Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Experimental Septic Wounds.
29177877	2	3	theme	nanoparticles	370:382	arg1	suspension					349:358	a suspension	347:358	a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles	347:455	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	4	theme	suspension	349:358	arg1	use					340:342	The use	336:342	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles	336:455	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	5	with	chitosan	411:418	arg1	nanoparticles					443:455	copper nanoparticles	436:455	copper nanoparticles	436:455	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	6	theme	nanoparticles	621:633	arg1	activity					602:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity	566:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles	566:633	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	7	theme	polyantibiotic	277:290	arg1	strains					302:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains	268:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	268:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	0	8	theme	Wounds	101:106	arg1	Treatment					68:76	the Treatment	64:76	the Treatment of Experimental Septic Wounds	64:106	Application of Preparations Containing Copper Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Experimental Septic Wounds.
29177877	2	9	theme	copper	614:619	arg1	nanoparticles					621:633	copper nanoparticles	614:633	copper nanoparticles	614:633	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	10	theme	resistant	292:300	arg1	strains					302:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains	268:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	268:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	2	11	theme	wound-contaminating	523:541	arg1	agent					543:547	the wound-contaminating agent	519:547	the wound-contaminating agent	519:547	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	12	with	starch	424:429	arg1	nanoparticles					443:455	copper nanoparticles	436:455	copper nanoparticles	436:455	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	13	theme	studied	661:667	arg1	drugs					669:673	the studied drugs	657:673	the studied drugs	657:673	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	14	theme	drugs	669:673	arg1	composition					642:652	the composition	638:652	the composition of the studied drugs	638:673	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	15	theme	rapid	466:470	arg1	reduction					472:480	a rapid reduction	464:480	a rapid reduction of the wound area	464:498	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	16	theme	area	495:498	arg1	elimination					504:514	elimination	504:514	elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs	504:673	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	16	theme	area	495:498	arg1	reduction					472:480	a rapid reduction	464:480	a rapid reduction of the wound area	464:498	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	17	theme	white	202:206	arg1	rats					213:216	white male rats	202:216	white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	202:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	2	18	theme	antibacterial	571:583	arg1	activity					602:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity	566:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles	566:633	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	19	theme	Regenerative	109:120	arg1	activity					122:129	Regenerative activity	109:129	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles	109:184	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	1	20	theme	male	208:211	arg1	rats					213:216	white male rats	202:216	white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	202:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	0	21	theme	Preparations	15:26	arg1	Application					0:10	Application	0:10	Application of Preparations	0:26	Application of Preparations Containing Copper Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Experimental Septic Wounds.
29177877	2	22	theme	high	566:569	arg1	activity					602:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity	566:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles	566:633	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	23	theme	copper	436:441	arg1	nanoparticles					443:455	copper nanoparticles	436:455	copper nanoparticles	436:455	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	24	theme	wound	489:493	arg1	area					495:498	the wound area	485:498	the wound area	485:498	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	25	theme	aureus	328:333	arg1	strains					302:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains	268:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	268:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	0	26	theme	Copper	39:44	arg1	Nanoparticles					46:58	Copper Nanoparticles	39:58	Copper Nanoparticles	39:58	Application of Preparations Containing Copper Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Experimental Septic Wounds.
29177877	1	27	with	rats	213:216	arg1	wound					248:252	an experimental purulent wound	223:252	an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	223:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	2	28	theme	copper	363:368	arg1	nanoparticles					370:382	copper nanoparticles	363:382	copper nanoparticles	363:382	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	29	theme	clinical	268:275	arg1	strains					302:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains	268:308	clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	268:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	2	30	theme	regenerative	589:600	arg1	activity					602:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity	566:609	high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles	566:633	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	1	31	theme	applied	142:148	arg1	drugs					150:154	locally applied drugs	134:154	locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles	134:184	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	1	32	theme	experimental	226:237	arg1	wound					248:252	an experimental purulent wound	223:252	an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	223:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	1	33	theme	drugs	150:154	arg1	activity					122:129	Regenerative activity	109:129	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles	109:184	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	1	34	theme	purulent	239:246	arg1	wound					248:252	an experimental purulent wound	223:252	an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus	223:333	Regenerative activity of locally applied drugs based on copper nanoparticles was compared on white male rats with an experimental purulent wound infected with clinical polyantibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
29177877	2	35	theme	drugs	396:400	arg1	suspension					349:358	a suspension	347:358	a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles	347:455	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	36	theme	complex	388:394	arg1	drugs					396:400	complex drugs	388:400	complex drugs	388:400	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	37	theme	agent	543:547	arg1	elimination					504:514	elimination	504:514	elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs	504:673	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
29177877	2	37	theme	agent	543:547	arg1	reduction					472:480	a rapid reduction	464:480	a rapid reduction of the wound area	464:498	The use of a suspension of copper nanoparticles and complex drugs based on chitosan and starch with copper nanoparticles led to a rapid reduction of the wound area and elimination of the wound-contaminating agent, which confirmed high antibacterial and regenerative activity of copper nanoparticles in the composition of the studied drugs.
28879659	8	0	theme	bone	1613:1616	arg1	regeneration					1618:1629	bone regeneration	1613:1629	bone regeneration in vivo	1613:1637	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	6	1	from	fat	1123:1125	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	1	from	fat	1123:1125	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	7	2	theme	gelation	1235:1242	arg1	kinetics					1244:1251	tunable gelation kinetics	1227:1251	tunable gelation kinetics	1227:1251	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	8	3	theme	cells	1514:1518	arg1	response					1497:1504	the variable response	1484:1504	the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo	1484:1637	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	8	4	theme	stem	1509:1512	arg1	cells					1514:1518	stem cells	1509:1518	stem cells	1509:1518	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	1	5	theme	fibrous	175:181	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					214:231	glycosaminoglycans	214:231	glycosaminoglycans	214:231	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	5	theme	fibrous	175:181	arg1	proteins					183:190	fibrous proteins	175:190	fibrous proteins	175:190	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	8	6	theme	different	1523:1531	arg1	types					1533:1537	different types	1523:1537	different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo	1523:1637	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	5	7	theme	digestion	1019:1027	arg1	process					1029:1035	a disruptive enzymatic digestion process	996:1035	a disruptive enzymatic digestion process	996:1035	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	7	8	theme	property	1366:1373	arg1	requirements					1375:1386	different property requirements	1356:1386	different property requirements	1356:1386	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	10	9	dep	106A	1698:1701	arg1	147-159					1704:1710	147-159	1704:1710	147-159	1704:1710	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 147-159, 2018.
28879659	5	10	theme	scaffolds	905:913	arg1	advantages					866:875	the advantages	862:875	the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels	862:947	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	8	11	theme	Retained	1389:1396	arg1	bioactivity					1398:1408	Retained bioactivity	1389:1408	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform	1389:1465	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	5	12	theme	ECM	965:967	arg1	formation					978:986	ECM hydrogel formation	965:986	ECM hydrogel formation	965:986	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	8	13	theme	ECM	1542:1544	arg1	particles					1546:1554	ECM particles	1542:1554	ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo	1542:1637	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	5	14	theme	disruptive	998:1007	arg1	process					1029:1035	a disruptive enzymatic digestion process	996:1035	a disruptive enzymatic digestion process	996:1035	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	2	15	theme	biological	291:300	arg1	cues					302:305	important biological cues	281:305	important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors	281:334	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	6	16	from	brain	1163:1167	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	16	from	brain	1163:1167	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	9	17	dep	©	1640:1640	arg1	Inc.					1666:1669	Inc.	1666:1669	Inc.	1666:1669	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
28879659	5	18	theme	hydrogel	969:976	arg1	formation					978:986	ECM hydrogel formation	965:986	ECM hydrogel formation	965:986	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	7	19	theme	in	1317:1318	arg1	applications					1338:1349	numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1308:1349	numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1308:1349	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	1	20	theme	Tissue	108:113	arg1	material					155:162	a complex material	145:162	a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells	145:265	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	20	theme	Tissue	108:113	arg1	ECM					137:139	ECM	137:139	ECM	137:139	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	20	theme	Tissue	108:113	arg1	matrix					129:134	Tissue extracellular matrix	108:134	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM)	108:140	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	21	theme	ground	196:201	arg1	substance					203:211	ground substance	196:211	ground substance	196:211	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	7	22	theme	in	1329:1330	arg1	applications					1338:1349	numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1308:1349	numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1308:1349	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	6	23	contain	contain	1077:1083	arg1	concentrations					1182:1195	various concentrations	1174:1195	various concentrations	1174:1195	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	23	contain	contain	1077:1083	arg1	hydrogels					1063:1071	engineered hydrogels	1052:1071	engineered hydrogels	1052:1071	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	23	contain	contain	1077:1083	arg2	hydrogels					1063:1071	engineered hydrogels	1052:1071	engineered hydrogels	1052:1071	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	23	contain	contain	1077:1083	arg2	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	1	24	theme	extracellular	115:127	arg1	material					155:162	a complex material	145:162	a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells	145:265	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	24	theme	extracellular	115:127	arg1	ECM					137:139	ECM	137:139	ECM	137:139	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	24	theme	extracellular	115:127	arg1	matrix					129:134	Tissue extracellular matrix	108:134	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM)	108:140	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	8	25	theme	particles	1546:1554	arg1	types					1533:1537	different types	1523:1537	different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo	1523:1637	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	3	26	theme	donor	557:561	arg1	antigens					563:570	donor antigens	557:570	donor antigens	557:570	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	3	27	theme	clinical	412:419	arg1	applications					421:432	clinical applications	412:432	clinical applications	412:432	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	0	28	theme	Extracellular	0:12	arg1	matrix					14:19	Extracellular matrix	0:19	Extracellular matrix	0:19	Extracellular matrix particle-glycosaminoglycan composite hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications.
28879659	2	29	contain	contains	272:279	arg2	cues					302:305	important biological cues	281:305	important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors	281:334	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	2	29	contain	contains	272:279	arg1	ECM					268:270	ECM	268:270	ECM	268:270	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	lung					1135:1138	lung	1135:1138	lung	1135:1138	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	brain					1163:1167	brain	1163:1167	brain	1163:1167	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	bone					1117:1120	bone	1117:1120	bone	1117:1120	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	fat					1123:1125	fat	1123:1125	fat	1123:1125	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	spleen					1141:1146	spleen	1141:1146	spleen	1141:1146	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	cartilage					1149:1157	cartilage	1149:1157	cartilage	1149:1157	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	30	from	type	1099:1102	arg1	liver					1128:1132	liver	1128:1132	liver	1128:1132	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	2	31	theme	cell	321:324	arg1	behaviors					326:334	cell behaviors	321:334	cell behaviors	321:334	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	5	32	theme	decellularized	886:899	arg1	scaffolds					905:913	solid decellularized ECM scaffolds	880:913	solid decellularized ECM scaffolds	880:913	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	0	33	theme	composite	48:56	arg1	hydrogels					58:66	composite hydrogels	48:66	composite hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications	48:105	Extracellular matrix particle-glycosaminoglycan composite hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications.
28879659	6	34	theme	various	1174:1180	arg1	concentrations					1182:1195	various concentrations	1174:1195	various concentrations	1174:1195	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	8	35	theme	particles	1417:1425	arg1	bioactivity					1398:1408	Retained bioactivity	1389:1408	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform	1389:1465	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	6	36	from	spleen	1141:1146	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	36	from	spleen	1141:1146	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	5	37	theme	composite	834:842	arg1	hydrogels					844:852	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels	820:852	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels	820:852	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	4	38	theme	composite	724:732	arg1	hydrogel					734:741	a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel	697:741	a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel	697:741	In this study, a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel was formulated by using modified GAGs that covalently bind tissue particles.
28879659	2	39	theme	important	281:289	arg1	cues					302:305	important biological cues	281:305	important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors	281:334	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	3	40	theme	essential	635:643	arg1	cues					630:633	native biological cues	612:633	native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation	612:679	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	5	41	theme	pepsin-digested	919:933	arg1	hydrogels					939:947	pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels	919:947	pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels	919:947	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	5	42	theme	ECM	901:903	arg1	scaffolds					905:913	solid decellularized ECM scaffolds	880:913	solid decellularized ECM scaffolds	880:913	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	8	43	theme	osteogenic	1572:1581	arg1	differentiation					1583:1597	osteogenic differentiation	1572:1597	osteogenic differentiation in vitro	1572:1606	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	10	44	theme	Part	1690:1693	arg1	A					1695:1695	Part A	1690:1695	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 147-159, 2018.	1671:1717	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 147-159, 2018.
28879659	8	45	theme	ECM	1413:1415	arg1	particles					1417:1425	ECM particles	1413:1425	ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform	1413:1465	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	6	46	from	cartilage	1149:1157	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	46	from	cartilage	1149:1157	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	3	47	theme	immune	441:446	arg1	rejection					448:456	immune rejection	441:456	immune rejection	441:456	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	3	47	theme	immune	441:446	arg1	constraint					463:472	a constraint	461:472	a constraint	461:472	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	5	48	theme	solid	880:884	arg1	scaffolds					905:913	solid decellularized ECM scaffolds	880:913	solid decellularized ECM scaffolds	880:913	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	3	49	theme	biological	619:628	arg1	cues					630:633	native biological cues	612:633	native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation	612:679	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	10	50	dep	Res	1686:1688	arg1	106A					1698:1701	106A	1698:1701	106A	1698:1701	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 147-159, 2018.
28879659	10	50	dep	Res	1686:1688	arg1	A					1695:1695	Part A	1690:1695	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 147-159, 2018.	1671:1717	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 147-159, 2018.
28879659	6	51	theme	ECM	1107:1109	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	0	52	theme	medicine	85:92	arg1	applications					94:105	regenerative medicine applications	72:105	regenerative medicine applications	72:105	Extracellular matrix particle-glycosaminoglycan composite hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications.
28879659	7	53	theme	applications	1338:1349	arg1	possibility					1293:1303	the possibility	1289:1303	the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1289:1349	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	7	54	dep	in	1329:1330	arg1	vitro					1332:1336	vitro	1332:1336	vitro	1332:1336	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	6	55	from	liver	1128:1132	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	55	from	liver	1128:1132	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	5	56	theme	ECM	935:937	arg1	hydrogels					939:947	pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels	919:947	pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels	919:947	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	0	57	theme	regenerative	72:83	arg1	applications					94:105	regenerative medicine applications	72:105	regenerative medicine applications	72:105	Extracellular matrix particle-glycosaminoglycan composite hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications.
28879659	8	58	theme	hydrogel	1449:1456	arg1	platform					1458:1465	this hydrogel platform	1444:1465	this hydrogel platform	1444:1465	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	5	59	theme	hydrogels	939:947	arg1	advantages					866:875	the advantages	862:875	the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels	862:947	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	7	60	theme	mechanical	1257:1266	arg1	properties					1268:1277	mechanical properties	1257:1277	mechanical properties	1257:1277	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	8	61	theme	variable	1488:1495	arg1	response					1497:1504	the variable response	1484:1504	the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo	1484:1637	Retained bioactivity of ECM particles crosslinked into this hydrogel platform was confirmed by the variable response of stem cells to different types of ECM particles with respect to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and bone regeneration in vivo.
28879659	7	62	theme	different	1356:1364	arg1	requirements					1375:1386	different property requirements	1356:1386	different property requirements	1356:1386	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	6	63	from	lung	1135:1138	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	63	from	lung	1135:1138	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	1	64	theme	complex	147:153	arg1	material					155:162	a complex material	145:162	a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells	145:265	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	1	64	theme	complex	147:153	arg1	matrix					129:134	Tissue extracellular matrix	108:134	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM)	108:140	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	4	65	theme	modified	767:774	arg1	GAGs					776:779	modified GAGs	767:779	modified GAGs that covalently bind tissue particles	767:817	In this study, a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel was formulated by using modified GAGs that covalently bind tissue particles.
28879659	3	66	theme	cell	649:652	arg1	growth					654:659	cell growth	649:659	cell growth	649:659	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	3	67	theme	native	612:617	arg1	cues					630:633	native biological cues	612:633	native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation	612:679	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	4	68	theme	decellularized	699:712	arg1	hydrogel					734:741	a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel	697:741	a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel	697:741	In this study, a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel was formulated by using modified GAGs that covalently bind tissue particles.
28879659	4	69	theme	ECM-based	714:722	arg1	hydrogel					734:741	a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel	697:741	a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel	697:741	In this study, a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel was formulated by using modified GAGs that covalently bind tissue particles.
28879659	5	70	theme	enzymatic	1009:1017	arg1	process					1029:1035	a disruptive enzymatic digestion process	996:1035	a disruptive enzymatic digestion process	996:1035	These GAG-ECM composite hydrogels combine the advantages of solid decellularized ECM scaffolds and pepsin-digested ECM hydrogels by facilitating ECM hydrogel formation without a disruptive enzymatic digestion process.
28879659	4	71	theme	tissue	802:807	arg1	particles					809:817	tissue particles	802:817	tissue particles	802:817	In this study, a decellularized ECM-based composite hydrogel was formulated by using modified GAGs that covalently bind tissue particles.
28879659	6	72	from	bone	1117:1120	arg1	ECM					1107:1109	ECM	1107:1109	ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1107:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	6	72	from	bone	1117:1120	arg1	type					1099:1102	more than one type	1085:1102	more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain)	1085:1168	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
28879659	2	73	theme	structural	361:370	arg1	it					341:342	it	341:342	it	341:342	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	2	73	theme	structural	361:370	arg1	scaffold					372:379	a structural scaffold	359:379	a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere	359:405	ECM contains important biological cues that modulate cell behaviors, and it also serves as a structural scaffold to which cells can adhere.
28879659	7	74	theme	numerous	1308:1315	arg1	applications					1338:1349	numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1308:1349	numerous in vivo and in vitro applications	1308:1349	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	7	75	theme	tunable	1227:1233	arg1	kinetics					1244:1251	tunable gelation kinetics	1227:1251	tunable gelation kinetics	1227:1251	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	7	76	dep	in	1317:1318	arg1	vivo					1320:1323	vivo	1320:1323	vivo	1320:1323	These hydrogels demonstrated tunable gelation kinetics and mechanical properties, offering the possibility of numerous in vivo and in vitro applications with different property requirements.
28879659	1	77	dep	glycosaminoglycans	214:231	arg1	GAGs					234:237	GAGs	234:237	GAGs	234:237	Tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex material made up of fibrous proteins and ground substance (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) that are secreted by cells.
28879659	3	78	theme	decellularization	502:518	arg1	methods					520:526	decellularization methods	502:526	decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation	502:679	For clinical applications, where immune rejection is a constraint, ECM can be processed using decellularization methods intended to remove cells and donor antigens from tissue or organs, while preserving native biological cues essential for cell growth and differentiation.
28879659	6	79	theme	engineered	1052:1061	arg1	hydrogels					1063:1071	engineered hydrogels	1052:1071	engineered hydrogels	1052:1071	Additionally, engineered hydrogels can contain more than one type of ECM (from bone, fat, liver, lung, spleen, cartilage, or brain), at various concentrations.
26072709	0	0	theme	surface	85:91	arg1	markers					93:99	ubiquitous surface markers	74:99	ubiquitous surface markers	74:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	5	1	theme	new	792:794	arg1	approach					804:811	This new generic approach	787:811	This new generic approach	787:811	This new generic approach is very flexible for quantifying the uniqueness of entire cell populations regardless of their composition.
26072709	6	2	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	control					1141:1147	quality control	1133:1147	quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products	1133:1204	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	0	3	theme	ubiquitous	74:83	arg1	markers					93:99	ubiquitous surface markers	74:99	ubiquitous surface markers	74:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	1	4	theme	powerful	150:157	arg1	approach					159:166	the most versatile and powerful approach	127:166	the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions	127:216	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	6	5	theme	phenotypic	946:955	arg1	fingerprints					957:968	quantitative phenotypic fingerprints	933:968	quantitative phenotypic fingerprints	933:968	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	2	6	theme	commonest	284:292	arg1	use					294:296	its commonest use	280:296	its commonest use	280:296	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	4	7	theme	conventional	764:775	arg1	analyses					777:784	conventional analyses	764:784	conventional analyses	764:784	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	0	8	theme	markers	93:99	arg1	measurement					59:69	robust measurement	52:69	robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers	52:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	6	9	theme	quantitative	933:944	arg1	fingerprints					957:968	quantitative phenotypic fingerprints	933:968	quantitative phenotypic fingerprints	933:968	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	4	10	theme	difficulties	735:746	arg1	many					723:726	many	723:726	many	723:726	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	4	10	theme	difficulties	735:746	arg1	difficulties					735:746	the difficulties	731:746	the difficulties associated with conventional analyses	731:784	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	6	11	theme	cell	1153:1156	arg1	manufacture					1158:1168	cell manufacture	1153:1168	cell manufacture	1153:1168	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	6	12	theme	wide	1093:1096	arg1	diversity					1098:1106	a wide diversity	1091:1106	a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products	1091:1204	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	3	13	theme	robust	498:503	arg1	quantification					515:528	robust automated quantification	498:528	robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers	498:563	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	4	14	theme	reproducible	684:695	arg1	results					697:703	highly reproducible results	677:703	highly reproducible results	677:703	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	1	15	theme	approach	159:166	arg1	approach					159:166	the most versatile and powerful approach	127:166	the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions	127:216	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	1	15	theme	approach	159:166	arg1	one					120:122	one	120:122	one	120:122	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	3	16	theme	automated	505:513	arg1	quantification					515:528	robust automated quantification	498:528	robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers	498:563	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	2	17	from	applications	235:246	arg1	research					270:277	basic and clinical research	251:277	basic and clinical research	251:277	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	2	18	theme	particular	378:387	arg1	phenotype					389:397	a particular phenotype	376:397	a particular phenotype	376:397	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	0	19	theme	phenotypic	6:15	arg1	fingerprinting					17:30	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting	0:30	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers	0:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	5	20	theme	generic	796:802	arg1	approach					804:811	This new generic approach	787:811	This new generic approach	787:811	This new generic approach is very flexible for quantifying the uniqueness of entire cell populations regardless of their composition.
26072709	3	21	theme	surface	549:555	arg1	markers					557:563	ubiquitous cell surface markers	533:563	ubiquitous cell surface markers	533:563	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	6	22	theme	applications	1111:1122	arg1	diversity					1098:1106	a wide diversity	1091:1106	a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products	1091:1204	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	4	23	theme	population	650:659	arg1	analysis					661:668	whole cell population analysis	639:668	whole cell population analysis	639:668	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	0	24	theme	Rapid	0:4	arg1	fingerprinting					17:30	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting	0:30	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers	0:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	3	25	theme	markers	557:563	arg1	quantification					515:528	robust automated quantification	498:528	robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers	498:563	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	1	26	theme	quantitative	176:187	arg1	analysis					189:196	the quantitative analysis	172:196	the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions	172:216	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	5	27	theme	cell	871:874	arg1	populations					876:886	entire cell populations	864:886	entire cell populations	864:886	This new generic approach is very flexible for quantifying the uniqueness of entire cell populations regardless of their composition.
26072709	1	28	theme	Flow	102:105	arg1	cytometry					107:115	Flow cytometry	102:115	Flow cytometry	102:115	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	4	29	theme	whole	639:643	arg1	analysis					661:668	whole cell population analysis	639:668	whole cell population analysis	639:668	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	6	30	theme	products	1197:1204	arg1	manufacture					1158:1168	cell manufacture	1153:1168	cell manufacture	1153:1168	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	6	30	theme	products	1197:1204	arg1	authentication					1174:1187	authentication	1174:1187	authentication	1174:1187	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	3	31	theme	cell	544:547	arg1	markers					557:563	ubiquitous cell surface markers	533:563	ubiquitous cell surface markers	533:563	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	5	32	theme	entire	864:869	arg1	populations					876:886	entire cell populations	864:886	entire cell populations	864:886	This new generic approach is very flexible for quantifying the uniqueness of entire cell populations regardless of their composition.
26072709	0	33	theme	products	40:47	arg1	fingerprinting					17:30	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting	0:30	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers	0:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	2	34	with	detection	308:316	arg1	applications					235:246	widespread applications	224:246	widespread applications in basic and clinical research	224:277	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	1	35	theme	cell	201:204	arg1	suspensions					206:216	cell suspensions	201:216	cell suspensions	201:216	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	0	36	theme	cell	35:38	arg1	products					40:47	cell products	35:47	cell products	35:47	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	6	37	theme	subjective	1000:1009	arg1	factors					1011:1017	subjective factors	1000:1017	subjective factors	1000:1017	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	2	38	theme	widespread	224:233	arg1	applications					235:246	widespread applications	224:246	widespread applications in basic and clinical research	224:277	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	5	39	theme	populations	876:886	arg1	uniqueness					850:859	the uniqueness	846:859	the uniqueness of entire cell populations	846:886	This new generic approach is very flexible for quantifying the uniqueness of entire cell populations regardless of their composition.
26072709	1	40	theme	suspensions	206:216	arg1	analysis					189:196	the quantitative analysis	172:196	the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions	172:216	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
26072709	0	41	theme	robust	52:57	arg1	measurement					59:69	robust measurement	52:69	robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers	52:99	Rapid phenotypic fingerprinting of cell products by robust measurement of ubiquitous surface markers.
26072709	2	42	theme	populations	326:336	arg1	detection					308:316	the detection	304:316	the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype	304:397	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	6	43	theme	cell	1192:1195	arg1	products					1197:1204	cell products	1192:1204	cell products	1192:1204	It provides quantitative phenotypic fingerprints rapidly, does not incorporate subjective factors, is more amenable to standardization, and is easily transferable across a wide diversity of applications, such as quality control for cell manufacture and authentication of cell products.
26072709	2	44	theme	cell	321:324	arg1	populations					326:336	cell populations	321:336	cell populations	321:336	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	2	45	theme	clinical	261:268	arg1	research					270:277	basic and clinical research	251:277	basic and clinical research	251:277	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	3	46	theme	flow	451:454	arg1	cytometry					456:464	flow cytometry	451:464	flow cytometry	451:464	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	3	47	theme	ubiquitous	533:542	arg1	markers					557:563	ubiquitous cell surface markers	533:563	ubiquitous cell surface markers	533:563	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	4	48	theme	fluorescence	596:607	arg1	standardization					609:623	automatic fluorescence standardization	586:623	automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis	586:668	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	3	49	theme	cytometry	456:464	arg1	potential					438:446	the potential	434:446	the potential of flow cytometry	434:464	In this study, we aimed to expand the potential of flow cytometry by describing a method based on robust automated quantification of ubiquitous cell surface markers.
26072709	4	50	theme	automatic	586:594	arg1	standardization					609:623	automatic fluorescence standardization	586:623	automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis	586:668	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	4	51	theme	cell	645:648	arg1	analysis					661:668	whole cell population analysis	639:668	whole cell population analysis	639:668	We demonstrate that automatic fluorescence standardization combined with whole cell population analysis yields highly reproducible results and can alleviate many of the difficulties associated with conventional analyses.
26072709	2	52	theme	basic	251:255	arg1	research					270:277	basic and clinical research	251:277	basic and clinical research	251:277	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	2	53	theme	specific	363:370	arg1	markers					355:361	markers	355:361	markers specific for a particular phenotype	355:397	With widespread applications in basic and clinical research, its commonest use is in the detection of cell populations labelled against markers specific for a particular phenotype.
26072709	1	54	theme	versatile	136:144	arg1	approach					159:166	the most versatile and powerful approach	127:166	the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions	127:216	Flow cytometry is one of the most versatile and powerful approach for the quantitative analysis of cell suspensions.
28225082	0	0	theme	heavy	99:103	arg1	metals					105:110	heavy metals	99:110	heavy metals	99:110	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	5	1	theme	metal	1118:1122	arg1	ions					1124:1127	metal ions	1118:1127	metal ions in drinking water	1118:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	1	2	with	sorbents	177:184	arg1	capacity					209:216	a high adsorption capacity	191:216	a high adsorption capacity	191:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	3	theme	sorbents	177:184	arg1	development					137:147	The development	133:147	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity	133:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	3	theme	sorbents	177:184	arg1	problem					234:240	an essential problem	221:240	an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water	221:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	4	theme	heavy	260:264	arg1	metals					266:271	heavy metals	260:271	heavy metals	260:271	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	5	5	theme	ions	1124:1127	arg1	removal					1107:1113	the removal	1103:1113	the removal of metal ions in drinking water	1103:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	1	6	theme	metals	266:271	arg1	removal					249:255	the removal	245:255	the removal of heavy metals from drinking water	245:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	4	7	theme	magnetic	867:874	arg1	composites					876:885	the magnetic composites	863:885	the magnetic composites	863:885	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	0	8	theme	metals	105:110	arg1	removal					88:94	the highly effective removal	67:94	the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water	67:130	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	3	9	theme	active	706:711	arg1	sites					713:717	active sites	706:717	active sites	706:717	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	5	10	from	water	1141:1145	arg1	removal					1107:1113	the removal	1103:1113	the removal of metal ions in drinking water	1103:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	1	11	theme	drinking	278:285	arg1	water					287:291	drinking water	278:291	drinking water	278:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	4	12	theme	simple	959:964	arg1	separation					975:984	simple magnetic separation	959:984	simple magnetic separation	959:984	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	3	13	theme	sites	713:717	arg1	embedding					693:701	the embedding	689:701	the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix	689:739	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	0	14	theme	drinking	117:124	arg1	water					126:130	drinking water	117:130	drinking water	117:130	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	4	15	theme	groups	829:834	arg1	numbers					812:818	the numbers	808:818	the numbers of amino groups	808:834	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	0	16	theme	Environmentally	0:14	arg1	friendly					16:23	Environmentally friendly	0:23	Environmentally friendly	0:23	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	17	theme	high	193:196	arg1	capacity					209:216	a high adsorption capacity	191:216	a high adsorption capacity	191:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	3	18	from	embedding	693:701	arg1	matrix					734:739	the polymer matrix	722:739	the polymer matrix	722:739	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	1	19	from	water	287:291	arg1	removal					249:255	the removal	245:255	the removal of heavy metals from drinking water	245:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	19	from	water	287:291	arg1	development					137:147	The development	133:147	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity	133:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	19	from	water	287:291	arg1	problem					234:240	an essential problem	221:240	an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water	221:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	20	theme	adsorption	198:207	arg1	capacity					209:216	a high adsorption capacity	191:216	a high adsorption capacity	191:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	2	21	theme	glutamine	452:460	arg1	residues					462:469	lysine and glutamine residues	441:469	lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin	441:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	2	21	theme	glutamine	452:460	arg1	gelatin					478:484	the gelatin	474:484	the gelatin	474:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	3	22	theme	polymer	726:732	arg1	matrix					734:739	the polymer matrix	722:739	the polymer matrix	722:739	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	2	23	theme	magnetic	309:316	arg1	gelatin					318:324	magnetic gelatin	309:324	magnetic gelatin	309:324	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	0	24	theme	magnetic	46:53	arg1	gelatin					55:61	magnetic gelatin	46:61	magnetic gelatin	46:61	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	4	25	with	modification	748:759	arg1	copolymers					796:805	the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers	766:805	the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers	766:805	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	2	26	theme	lysine	441:446	arg1	residues					462:469	lysine and glutamine residues	441:469	lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin	441:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	2	26	theme	lysine	441:446	arg1	gelatin					478:484	the gelatin	474:484	the gelatin	474:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	4	27	theme	adsorption	904:913	arg1	capacity					915:922	a high adsorption capacity	897:922	a high adsorption capacity	897:922	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	3	28	theme	spatial	629:635	arg1	structure					637:645	the spatial structure	625:645	the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix	625:739	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	3	29	theme	further	558:564	arg1	modification					566:577	the further modification	554:577	the further modification based on the amino groups	554:603	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	5	30	from	ions	1124:1127	arg1	water					1141:1145	drinking water	1132:1145	drinking water	1132:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	4	31	theme	excellent	925:933	arg1	compatibility					941:953	excellent water compatibility	925:953	excellent water compatibility	925:953	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	2	32	theme	acyl-transfer	410:422	arg1	reaction					424:431	an acyl-transfer reaction	407:431	an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin	407:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	3	33	theme	amino	592:596	arg1	groups					598:603	the amino groups	588:603	the amino groups	588:603	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	1	34	theme	essential	224:232	arg1	development					137:147	The development	133:147	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity	133:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	34	theme	essential	224:232	arg1	problem					234:240	an essential problem	221:240	an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water	221:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	2	35	theme	gelatin	478:484	arg1	residues					462:469	lysine and glutamine residues	441:469	lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin	441:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	2	35	theme	gelatin	478:484	arg1	gelatin					478:484	the gelatin	474:484	the gelatin	474:484	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	5	36	theme	drinking	1132:1139	arg1	water					1141:1145	drinking water	1132:1145	drinking water	1132:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	5	37	theme	cadmium	1025:1031	arg1	capacities					1002:1011	The adsorption capacities	987:1011	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium	987:1031	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	5	37	theme	cadmium	1025:1031	arg1	341 mg g-1					1038:1047	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	2	38	theme	other	501:505	arg1	groups					513:518	other amino groups	501:518	other amino groups	501:518	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	4	39	theme	amino	823:827	arg1	groups					829:834	amino groups	823:834	amino groups	823:834	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	1	40	from	problem	234:240	arg1	removal					249:255	the removal	245:255	the removal of heavy metals from drinking water	245:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	1	40	from	problem	234:240	arg1	water					287:291	drinking water	278:291	drinking water	278:291	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	0	41	from	water	126:130	arg1	removal					88:94	the highly effective removal	67:94	the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water	67:130	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	4	42	theme	magnetic	966:973	arg1	separation					975:984	simple magnetic separation	959:984	simple magnetic separation	959:984	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	5	43	theme	lead	1016:1019	arg1	capacities					1002:1011	The adsorption capacities	987:1011	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium	987:1031	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	5	43	theme	lead	1016:1019	arg1	341 mg g-1					1038:1047	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	4	44	theme	high	899:902	arg1	capacity					915:922	a high adsorption capacity	897:922	a high adsorption capacity	897:922	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	5	45	theme	adsorption	991:1000	arg1	capacities					1002:1011	The adsorption capacities	987:1011	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium	987:1031	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	5	45	theme	adsorption	991:1000	arg1	341 mg g-1					1038:1047	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	4	46	theme	chitosan/polyethylenimine	770:794	arg1	copolymers					796:805	the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers	766:805	the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers	766:805	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
28225082	2	47	theme	amino	507:511	arg1	groups					513:518	other amino groups	501:518	other amino groups	501:518	In this study, magnetic gelatin was prepared using transglutaminase as a cross-linker, which could only catalyze an acyl-transfer reaction between lysine and glutamine residues of the gelatin and not affect other amino groups.
28225082	3	48	theme	gelatin	650:656	arg1	structure					637:645	the spatial structure	625:645	the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix	625:739	Therefore, it was beneficial for the further modification based on the amino groups, and did not affect the spatial structure of gelatin, which can effectively prevent the embedding of active sites in the polymer matrix.
28225082	5	49	from	removal	1107:1113	arg1	water					1141:1145	drinking water	1132:1145	drinking water	1132:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	1	50	theme	environmentally	152:166	arg1	sorbents					177:184	environmentally friendly sorbents	152:184	environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity	152:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	5	51	dep	341 mg g-1	1038:1047	arg1	used					1094:1097	used	1094:1097	could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water	1085:1145	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	0	52	theme	effective	78:86	arg1	removal					88:94	the highly effective removal	67:94	the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water	67:130	Environmentally friendly chitosan/PEI-grafted magnetic gelatin for the highly effective removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	5	53	used	used	1094:1097	arg2	which					1079:1083	which	1079:1083	which	1079:1083	The adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium were 341 mg g-1 and 321 mg g-1, respectively, which could be used for the removal of metal ions in drinking water.
28225082	1	54	theme	friendly	168:175	arg1	sorbents					177:184	environmentally friendly sorbents	152:184	environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity	152:216	The development of environmentally friendly sorbents with a high adsorption capacity is an essential problem in the removal of heavy metals from drinking water.
28225082	4	55	theme	water	935:939	arg1	compatibility					941:953	excellent water compatibility	925:953	excellent water compatibility	925:953	After modification with the chitosan/polyethylenimine copolymers, the numbers of amino groups was greatly increased, and the magnetic composites exhibited a high adsorption capacity, excellent water compatibility and simple magnetic separation.
26290042	11	0	theme	LPS	1518:1520	arg1	group					1522:1526	the LPS group	1514:1526	the LPS group	1514:1526	For the LPS group, a sharp increase compared to baseline levels was observed between 3 h and 6 h, and then abating to baseline levels, thus tracking closely the IL-6 inflammatory profile.
26290042	13	1	theme	control	1873:1879	arg1	groups					1881:1886	LPS and control groups	1865:1886	groups	1881:1886	We also show that a preselection of fHRV measures prior to the PCA can potentially increase the difference between LPS and control groups, as early as 1 h post LPS injection.
26290042	1	2	theme	life-lasting	290:301	arg1	deficits					314:321	life-lasting neurologic deficits	290:321	life-lasting neurologic deficits	290:321	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	11	3	theme	sharp	1531:1535	arg1	increase					1537:1544	a sharp increase	1529:1544	a sharp increase compared to baseline levels	1529:1572	For the LPS group, a sharp increase compared to baseline levels was observed between 3 h and 6 h, and then abating to baseline levels, thus tracking closely the IL-6 inflammatory profile.
26290042	15	4	theme	HRV	2092:2094	arg1	role					2084:2087	the potential role	2070:2087	the potential role of HRV to study	2070:2103	Our results highlight the potential role of HRV to study and monitor the inflammatory response non-invasively over time.
26290042	7	5	theme	complementary	1082:1094	arg1	properties					1096:1105	complementary properties	1082:1105	complementary properties of fHRV	1082:1113	CIMVA creates an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains, thus describing complementary properties of fHRV.
26290042	6	6	theme	fetal	782:786	arg1	IL-6					817:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	2	7	theme	early	336:340	arg1	detection					342:350	early detection	336:350	early detection	336:350	No means of early detection exist.
26290042	8	8	theme	dimensionality	1186:1199	arg1	reduction					1201:1209	dimensionality reduction	1186:1209	dimensionality reduction	1186:1209	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	6	9	theme	variability	959:969	arg1	CIMVA					981:985	CIMVA	981:985	CIMVA	981:985	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	6	9	theme	variability	959:969	arg1	analysis					971:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis	921:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA)	921:986	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	4	10	theme	inflammatory	642:653	arg1	response					655:662	an inflammatory response	639:662	an inflammatory response	639:662	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	0	11	theme	sepsis	124:129	arg1	model					88:92	a fetal sheep model	74:92	a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis	74:129	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	1	12	theme	subclinical	213:223	arg1	inflammation					225:236	a frequent and often subclinical inflammation	192:236	a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits	192:321	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	1	12	theme	subclinical	213:223	arg1	chorioamnionitis					174:189	chorioamnionitis	174:189	chorioamnionitis	174:189	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	6	13	theme	individualized	932:945	arg1	CIMVA					981:985	CIMVA	981:985	CIMVA	981:985	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	6	13	theme	individualized	932:945	arg1	analysis					971:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis	921:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA)	921:986	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	8	14	theme	inflammatory	1284:1295	arg1	response					1297:1304	inflammatory response	1284:1304	inflammatory response	1284:1304	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	10	15	link	PCA-derived	1384:1394	arg1	measures					1411:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	4	16	dep	induced	631:637	arg1	injected					694:701	injected	694:701	injected intravenously (n = 14)	694:724	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	8	17	from	signatures	1270:1279	arg1	LPS					1309:1311	LPS	1309:1311	LPS	1309:1311	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	17	from	signatures	1270:1279	arg1	groups					1325:1330	control groups	1317:1330	control groups	1317:1330	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	1	18	theme	inflammatory	138:149	arg1	response					151:158	Fetal inflammatory response	132:158	Fetal inflammatory response	132:158	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	13	19	theme	LPS	1865:1867	arg1	groups					1881:1886	LPS and control groups	1865:1886	groups	1881:1886	We also show that a preselection of fHRV measures prior to the PCA can potentially increase the difference between LPS and control groups, as early as 1 h post LPS injection.
26290042	3	20	theme	fetal	389:393	arg1	inflammation					395:406	systemic fetal inflammation	380:406	systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock	380:427	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	14	21	theme	temporal	2030:2037	arg1	profile					2039:2045	its temporal profile	2026:2045	its temporal profile	2026:2045	We propose a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile.
26290042	0	22	theme	sheep	82:86	arg1	model					88:92	a fetal sheep model	74:92	a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis	74:129	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	15	23	theme	inflammatory	2121:2132	arg1	response					2134:2141	the inflammatory response	2117:2141	the inflammatory response	2117:2141	Our results highlight the potential role of HRV to study and monitor the inflammatory response non-invasively over time.
26290042	10	24	theme	LPS	1462:1464	arg1	group					1478:1482	LPS and control group	1462:1482	group	1478:1482	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	3	25	theme	heart	471:475	arg1	FHR					483:485	FHR	483:485	FHR	483:485	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	3	25	theme	heart	471:475	arg1	rate					477:480	fetal heart rate	465:480	fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states	465:565	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	4	26	theme	=	621:621	arg1	n					619:619	n = 24	619:624	n = 24	619:624	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	4	26	theme	=	621:621	arg1	sheep					612:616	near-term fetal sheep	596:616	chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24)	571:625	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	4	27	dep	injected	694:701	arg1	n					718:718	n = 14	718:723	n = 14	718:723	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	1	28	theme	neurologic	303:312	arg1	deficits					314:321	life-lasting neurologic deficits	290:321	life-lasting neurologic deficits	290:321	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	4	29	theme	instrumented	583:594	arg1	n					619:619	n = 24	619:624	n = 24	619:624	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	4	29	theme	instrumented	583:594	arg1	sheep					612:616	near-term fetal sheep	596:616	chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24)	571:625	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	0	30	theme	rate	11:14	arg1	variability					16:26	heart rate variability	5:26	heart rate variability	5:26	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	4	31	theme	fetal	606:610	arg1	n					619:619	n = 24	619:624	n = 24	619:624	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	4	31	theme	fetal	606:610	arg1	sheep					612:616	near-term fetal sheep	596:616	chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24)	571:625	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	10	32	theme	control	1470:1476	arg1	group					1478:1482	LPS and control group	1462:1482	group	1478:1482	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	13	33	theme	fHRV	1786:1789	arg1	measures					1791:1798	fHRV measures	1786:1798	fHRV measures	1786:1798	We also show that a preselection of fHRV measures prior to the PCA can potentially increase the difference between LPS and control groups, as early as 1 h post LPS injection.
26290042	14	34	theme	inflammation	1997:2008	arg1	levels					1987:1992	levels	1987:1992	levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile	1987:2045	We propose a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile.
26290042	0	35	theme	systemic	40:47	arg1	response					62:69	the systemic inflammatory response	36:69	the systemic inflammatory response	36:69	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	10	36	theme	time	1497:1500	arg1	points					1502:1507	different time points	1487:1507	different time points	1487:1507	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	6	37	theme	inflammatory	795:806	arg1	IL-6					817:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	12	38	theme	control	1735:1741	arg1	group					1743:1747	the control group	1731:1747	the control group	1731:1747	This pattern was not observed in the control group.
26290042	13	39	theme	LPS	1910:1912	arg1	injection					1914:1922	LPS injection	1910:1922	LPS injection	1910:1922	We also show that a preselection of fHRV measures prior to the PCA can potentially increase the difference between LPS and control groups, as early as 1 h post LPS injection.
26290042	3	40	theme	inflammatory	538:549	arg1	response					551:558	inflammatory response	538:558	inflammatory response	538:558	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	8	41	theme	component	1132:1140	arg1	PCA					1152:1154	PCA	1152:1154	PCA	1152:1154	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	41	theme	component	1132:1140	arg1	analysis					1142:1149	principal component analysis	1122:1149	principal component analysis (PCA)	1122:1155	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	41	theme	component	1132:1140	arg1	technique					1172:1180	a widely used technique	1158:1180	a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction	1158:1209	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	6	42	dep	44	857:858	arg1	48 h.					851:855	48 h.	851:855	48 h.	851:855	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	3	43	theme	baseline	522:529	arg1	states					560:565	baseline versus inflammatory response states	522:565	baseline versus inflammatory response states	522:565	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	1	44	theme	brain	273:277	arg1	injury					279:284	brain injury	273:284	brain injury	273:284	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	14	45	dep	inflammation	1997:2008	arg1	profile					2039:2045	its temporal profile	2026:2045	its temporal profile	2026:2045	We propose a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile.
26290042	10	46	theme	PCA-derived	1384:1394	arg1	measures					1411:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	7	47	theme	fHRV	1110:1113	arg1	properties					1096:1105	complementary properties	1082:1105	complementary properties of fHRV	1082:1113	CIMVA creates an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains, thus describing complementary properties of fHRV.
26290042	6	48	theme	fHRV	860:863	arg1	measures					865:872	1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures	835:872	1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures	835:872	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	6	49	dep	determined	879:888	arg1	using					915:919	using	915:919	using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA)	915:986	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	11	50	theme	baseline	1628:1635	arg1	levels					1637:1642	baseline levels	1628:1642	baseline levels	1628:1642	For the LPS group, a sharp increase compared to baseline levels was observed between 3 h and 6 h, and then abating to baseline levels, thus tracking closely the IL-6 inflammatory profile.
26290042	6	51	theme	cytokine	808:815	arg1	IL-6					817:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	15	52	theme	potential	2074:2082	arg1	role					2084:2087	the potential role	2070:2087	the potential role of HRV to study	2070:2103	Our results highlight the potential role of HRV to study and monitor the inflammatory response non-invasively over time.
26290042	10	53	theme	fHRV	1396:1399	arg1	measures					1411:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	6	54	theme	plasma	788:793	arg1	IL-6					817:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6	782:820	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	2	55	theme	detection	342:350	arg1	means					327:331	No means	324:331	No means of early detection	324:350	No means of early detection exist.
26290042	1	56	theme	frequent	194:201	arg1	inflammation					225:236	a frequent and often subclinical inflammation	192:236	a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits	192:321	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	1	56	theme	frequent	194:201	arg1	chorioamnionitis					174:189	chorioamnionitis	174:189	chorioamnionitis	174:189	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	8	57	theme	used	1167:1170	arg1	technique					1172:1180	a widely used technique	1158:1180	a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction	1158:1209	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	57	theme	used	1167:1170	arg1	analysis					1142:1149	principal component analysis	1122:1149	principal component analysis (PCA)	1122:1155	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	6	58	theme	multi-organ	947:957	arg1	CIMVA					981:985	CIMVA	981:985	CIMVA	981:985	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	6	58	theme	multi-organ	947:957	arg1	analysis					971:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis	921:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA)	921:986	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	8	59	theme	CIMVA	1255:1259	arg1	signatures					1270:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures	1251:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups	1251:1330	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	7	60	theme	signal-analytical	1039:1055	arg1	domains					1057:1063	five signal-analytical domains	1034:1063	five signal-analytical domains	1034:1063	CIMVA creates an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains, thus describing complementary properties of fHRV.
26290042	6	61	theme	continuous	921:930	arg1	CIMVA					981:985	CIMVA	981:985	CIMVA	981:985	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	6	61	theme	continuous	921:930	arg1	analysis					971:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis	921:978	continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA)	921:986	We measured fetal plasma inflammatory cytokine IL-6 at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. 44 fHRV measures were determined continuously every 5 min using continuous individualized multi-organ variability analysis (CIMVA).
26290042	8	62	theme	PCA	1266:1268	arg1	signatures					1270:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures	1251:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups	1251:1330	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	7	63	theme	fHRV	1006:1009	arg1	matrix					1020:1025	an fHRV measures matrix	1003:1025	an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains	1003:1063	CIMVA creates an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains, thus describing complementary properties of fHRV.
26290042	11	64	theme	inflammatory	1676:1687	arg1	profile					1689:1695	the IL-6 inflammatory profile	1667:1695	the IL-6 inflammatory profile	1667:1695	For the LPS group, a sharp increase compared to baseline levels was observed between 3 h and 6 h, and then abating to baseline levels, thus tracking closely the IL-6 inflammatory profile.
26290042	4	65	theme	=	720:720	arg1	n					718:718	n = 14	718:723	n = 14	718:723	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	7	66	theme	measures	1011:1018	arg1	matrix					1020:1025	an fHRV measures matrix	1003:1025	an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains	1003:1063	CIMVA creates an fHRV measures matrix across five signal-analytical domains, thus describing complementary properties of fHRV.
26290042	1	67	theme	Fetal	132:136	arg1	response					151:158	Fetal inflammatory response	132:158	Fetal inflammatory response	132:158	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	8	68	theme	response	1297:1304	arg1	signatures					1270:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures	1251:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups	1251:1330	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	69	theme	fHRV	1261:1264	arg1	signatures					1270:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures	1251:1279	the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups	1251:1330	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	5	70	theme	additional	731:740	arg1	fetuses					742:748	Ten additional fetuses	727:748	Ten additional fetuses	727:748	Ten additional fetuses served as controls.
26290042	5	70	theme	additional	731:740	arg1	controls					760:767	controls	760:767	controls	760:767	Ten additional fetuses served as controls.
26290042	0	71	theme	fetal	76:80	arg1	model					88:92	a fetal sheep model	74:92	a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis	74:129	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	14	72	theme	composite	1943:1951	arg1	measure					1953:1959	a fHRV composite measure	1936:1959	a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile	1936:2045	We propose a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile.
26290042	8	73	theme	control	1317:1323	arg1	groups					1325:1330	control groups	1317:1330	control groups	1317:1330	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	14	74	theme	fHRV	1938:1941	arg1	measure					1953:1959	a fHRV composite measure	1936:1959	a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile	1936:2045	We propose a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile.
26290042	10	75	theme	composite	1401:1409	arg1	measures					1411:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	PCA-derived fHRV composite measures	1384:1418	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	13	76	theme	measures	1791:1798	arg1	preselection					1770:1781	a preselection	1768:1781	a preselection of fHRV measures prior to the PCA	1768:1815	We also show that a preselection of fHRV measures prior to the PCA can potentially increase the difference between LPS and control groups, as early as 1 h post LPS injection.
26290042	0	77	theme	lipopolysaccharide-induced	97:122	arg1	sepsis					124:129	lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis	97:129	lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis	97:129	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	3	78	theme	systemic	380:387	arg1	inflammation					395:406	systemic fetal inflammation	380:406	systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock	380:427	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	14	79	theme	tracks	2014:2019	arg1	levels					1987:1992	levels	1987:1992	levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile	1987:2045	We propose a fHRV composite measure that correlates well with levels of inflammation and tracks well its temporal profile.
26290042	3	80	theme	rate	477:480	arg1	fHRV					501:504	fHRV	501:504	fHRV	501:504	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	3	80	theme	rate	477:480	arg1	variability					488:498	fetal heart rate (FHR) variability	465:498	fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states	465:565	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	0	81	theme	heart	5:9	arg1	variability					16:26	heart rate variability	5:26	heart rate variability	5:26	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	4	82	theme	near-term	596:604	arg1	n					619:619	n = 24	619:624	n = 24	619:624	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	4	82	theme	near-term	596:604	arg1	sheep					612:616	near-term fetal sheep	596:616	chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24)	571:625	In chronically instrumented near-term fetal sheep (n = 24), we induced an inflammatory response with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injected intravenously (n = 14).
26290042	10	83	theme	significant	1431:1441	arg1	difference					1443:1452	a significant difference	1429:1452	a significant difference between LPS and control group	1429:1482	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	3	84	theme	fetal	465:469	arg1	FHR					483:485	FHR	483:485	FHR	483:485	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	3	84	theme	fetal	465:469	arg1	rate					477:480	fetal heart rate	465:480	fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states	465:565	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	3	85	theme	septic	416:421	arg1	shock					423:427	septic shock	416:427	septic shock	416:427	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	3	86	theme	variability	488:498	arg1	alterations					450:460	alterations	450:460	alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states	450:565	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26290042	9	87	theme	LPS	1340:1342	arg1	group					1344:1348	the LPS group	1336:1348	the LPS group	1336:1348	In the LPS group, IL-6 peaked at 3 h.
26290042	11	88	theme	baseline	1558:1565	arg1	levels					1567:1572	baseline levels	1558:1572	baseline levels	1558:1572	For the LPS group, a sharp increase compared to baseline levels was observed between 3 h and 6 h, and then abating to baseline levels, thus tracking closely the IL-6 inflammatory profile.
26290042	0	89	theme	inflammatory	49:60	arg1	response					62:69	the systemic inflammatory response	36:69	the systemic inflammatory response	36:69	Does heart rate variability reflect the systemic inflammatory response in a fetal sheep model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis?
26290042	11	90	theme	IL-6	1671:1674	arg1	profile					1689:1695	the IL-6 inflammatory profile	1667:1695	the IL-6 inflammatory profile	1667:1695	For the LPS group, a sharp increase compared to baseline levels was observed between 3 h and 6 h, and then abating to baseline levels, thus tracking closely the IL-6 inflammatory profile.
26290042	8	91	theme	principal	1122:1130	arg1	PCA					1152:1154	PCA	1152:1154	PCA	1152:1154	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	91	theme	principal	1122:1130	arg1	analysis					1142:1149	principal component analysis	1122:1149	principal component analysis (PCA)	1122:1155	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	8	91	theme	principal	1122:1130	arg1	technique					1172:1180	a widely used technique	1158:1180	a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction	1158:1209	Using principal component analysis (PCA), a widely used technique for dimensionality reduction, we derived and quantitatively compared the CIMVA fHRV PCA signatures of inflammatory response in LPS and control groups.
26290042	10	92	theme	different	1487:1495	arg1	points					1502:1507	different time points	1487:1507	different time points	1487:1507	In parallel, PCA-derived fHRV composite measures revealed a significant difference between LPS and control group at different time points.
26290042	1	93	theme	increased	254:262	arg1	risk					264:267	increased risk	254:267	increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits	254:321	Fetal inflammatory response occurs during chorioamnionitis, a frequent and often subclinical inflammation associated with increased risk for brain injury and life-lasting neurologic deficits.
26290042	12	94	located	observed	1719:1726	arg1	group					1743:1747	the control group	1731:1747	the control group	1731:1747	This pattern was not observed in the control group.
26290042	12	94	located	observed	1719:1726	arg2	pattern					1703:1709	This pattern	1698:1709	This pattern	1698:1709	This pattern was not observed in the control group.
26290042	3	95	theme	response	551:558	arg1	states					560:565	baseline versus inflammatory response states	522:565	baseline versus inflammatory response states	522:565	We hypothesized that systemic fetal inflammation without septic shock will be reflected in alterations of fetal heart rate (FHR) variability (fHRV) distinguishing baseline versus inflammatory response states.
26074408	8	0	dep	0.813	1269:1273	arg1	2					1266:1266	2	1266:1266	2	1266:1266	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	3	1	theme	ketotic	432:438	arg1	cows					440:443	45 ketotic cows	429:443	45 ketotic cows	429:443	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	9	2	theme	0.781	1442:1446	arg1	specificity					1391:1401	specificity	1391:1401	specificity	1391:1401	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	2	theme	0.781	1442:1446	arg1	values					1411:1416	AUC values	1407:1416	AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781	1407:1446	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	2	theme	0.781	1442:1446	arg1	sensitivity					1378:1388	the sensitivity	1374:1388	the sensitivity	1374:1388	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	1	3	theme	cows	228:231	arg1	records					178:184	632 records	174:184	632 records of healthy cows	174:200	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	1	3	theme	cows	228:231	arg1	records					209:215	61 records	206:215	61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan	206:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	9	4	theme	P/F	1311:1313	arg1	ratio					1315:1319	The P/F ratio	1307:1319	The P/F ratio	1307:1319	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	4	theme	P/F	1311:1313	arg1	measure					1345:1351	a widely used measure	1331:1351	a widely used measure of ketosis	1331:1362	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	1	5	theme	composition	153:163	arg1	data					165:168	composition data	153:168	composition data	153:168	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	7	6	theme	diagnostic	984:993	arg1	rule					995:998	A diagnostic rule	982:998	A diagnostic rule	982:998	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	5	7	from	yield	687:691	arg1	milk					740:743	milk	740:743	milk	740:743	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	7	8	theme	×	1133:1133	arg1	MUN					1135:1137	0.225 × MUN <10	1127:1141	0.225 × MUN <10	1127:1141	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	7	9	theme	×	1115:1115	arg1	lactose					1117:1123	2.703 × lactose	1109:1123	2.703 × lactose	1109:1123	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	4	10	theme	logistic	600:607	arg1	regression					609:618	Multiple logistic regression	591:618	Multiple logistic regression	591:618	Multiple logistic regression was applied to these groups separately.
26074408	9	11	theme	ketosis	1356:1362	arg1	ratio					1315:1319	The P/F ratio	1307:1319	The P/F ratio	1307:1319	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	11	theme	ketosis	1356:1362	arg1	measure					1345:1351	a widely used measure	1331:1351	a widely used measure of ketosis	1331:1362	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	4	12	theme	Multiple	591:598	arg1	regression					609:618	Multiple logistic regression	591:618	Multiple logistic regression	591:618	Multiple logistic regression was applied to these groups separately.
26074408	7	13	theme	cows	1034:1037	arg1	cows					1034:1037	cows	1034:1037	cows	1034:1037	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	7	13	theme	cows	1034:1037	arg1	group					1025:1029	each group	1020:1029	each group of cows	1020:1037	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	9	14	dep	0.711	1425:1429	arg1	1					1422:1422	1	1422:1422	1	1422:1422	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	7	15	theme	0.085	1064:1068	arg1	×					1070:1070	×	1070:1070	×	1070:1070	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	6	16	theme	urea	893:896	arg1	MUN					908:910	MUN	908:910	MUN	908:910	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	16	theme	urea	893:896	arg1	nitrogen					898:905	milk urea nitrogen	888:905	milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl)	888:927	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	5	17	theme	milk	682:685	arg1	kg/day/cow					694:703	kg/day/cow	694:703	kg/day/cow	694:703	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	5	17	theme	milk	682:685	arg1	yield					687:691	milk yield	682:691	milk yield (kg/day/cow)	682:704	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	7	18	theme	0.225	1127:1131	arg1	MUN					1135:1137	0.225 × MUN <10	1127:1141	0.225 × MUN <10	1127:1141	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	6	19	theme	nitrogen	898:905	arg1	mg/dl					922:926	mg/dl	922:926	mg/dl	922:926	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	19	theme	nitrogen	898:905	arg1	content					913:919	milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content	888:919	milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl)	888:927	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	20	theme	milk	888:891	arg1	MUN					908:910	MUN	908:910	MUN	908:910	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	20	theme	milk	888:891	arg1	nitrogen					898:905	milk urea nitrogen	888:905	milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl)	888:927	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	8	21	theme	rules	1226:1230	arg1	specificity					1161:1171	specificity	1161:1171	specificity	1161:1171	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	8	21	theme	rules	1226:1230	arg1	area					1181:1184	the area	1177:1184	the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules	1177:1230	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	8	21	theme	rules	1226:1230	arg1	sensitivity					1148:1158	The sensitivity	1144:1158	The sensitivity	1144:1158	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	8	21	theme	rules	1226:1230	arg1	0.800					1241:1245	0.800	1241:1245	0.800	1241:1245	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	8	21	theme	rules	1226:1230	arg1	AUC					1203:1205	AUC	1203:1205	AUC	1203:1205	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	1	22	from	Japan	246:250	arg1	records					178:184	632 records	174:184	632 records of healthy cows	174:200	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	1	22	from	Japan	246:250	arg1	records					209:215	61 records	206:215	61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan	206:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	9	23	theme	used	1340:1343	arg1	ratio					1315:1319	The P/F ratio	1307:1319	The P/F ratio	1307:1319	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	23	theme	used	1340:1343	arg1	measure					1345:1351	a widely used measure	1331:1351	a widely used measure of ketosis	1331:1362	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	3	24	theme	healthy	480:486	arg1	cows					488:491	318 healthy cows	476:491	318 healthy cows	476:491	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	5	25	theme	significant	750:760	arg1	P<0.05					771:776	P<0.05	771:776	P<0.05	771:776	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	5	25	theme	significant	750:760	arg1	factors					762:768	significant factors	750:768	significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis	750:806	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	8	26	theme	diagnostic	1215:1224	arg1	rules					1226:1230	the diagnostic rules	1211:1230	the diagnostic rules	1211:1230	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	3	27	dep	groups	373:378	arg1	multiparous					385:395	multiparous	385:395	multiparous	385:395	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	6	28	theme	solid	852:856	arg1	%					881:881	%	881:881	%	881:881	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	28	theme	solid	852:856	arg1	content					872:878	solid not fat (SNF) content	852:878	solid not fat (SNF) content (%)	852:882	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	7	29	theme	×	1070:1070	arg1	yield					1077:1081	0.085 × milk yield <10	1064:1085	0.085 × milk yield <10	1064:1085	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	5	30	theme	protein-to-fat	710:723	arg1	ratio					731:735	protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio	710:735	protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk	710:743	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	1	31	theme	Multiple	94:101	arg1	regression					112:121	Multiple logistic regression	94:121	Multiple logistic regression	94:121	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	7	32	theme	×	1101:1101	arg1	SNF					1103:1105	2.327 × SNF	1095:1105	2.327 × SNF	1095:1105	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	9	33	theme	AUC	1407:1409	arg1	values					1411:1416	AUC values	1407:1416	AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781	1407:1446	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	6	34	theme	lactose	831:837	arg1	%					848:848	%	848:848	%	848:848	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	34	theme	lactose	831:837	arg1	content					839:845	lactose content	831:845	lactose content (%)	831:849	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	7	35	dep	constructed	1004:1014	arg1	ratio					1056:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	7	35	dep	constructed	1004:1014	arg1	SNF					1103:1105	2.327 × SNF	1095:1105	2.327 × SNF	1095:1105	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	7	35	dep	constructed	1004:1014	arg1	yield					1077:1081	0.085 × milk yield <10	1064:1085	0.085 × milk yield <10	1064:1085	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	8	36	dep	0.800	1241:1245	arg1	1					1238:1238	1	1238:1238	1	1238:1238	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	8	36	dep	0.800	1241:1245	arg1	0.813					1269:1273	0.813	1269:1273	0.813	1269:1273	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	8	36	dep	0.800	1241:1245	arg1	0.787					1286:1290	0.787	1286:1290	0.787	1286:1290	The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of the diagnostic rules were (1) 0.800, 0.729 and 0.811; (2) 0.813, 0.730 and 0.787, respectively.
26074408	1	37	theme	logistic	103:110	arg1	regression					112:121	Multiple logistic regression	94:121	Multiple logistic regression	94:121	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	1	38	theme	healthy	189:195	arg1	cows					197:200	healthy cows	189:200	healthy cows	189:200	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	0	39	theme	logistic	37:44	arg1	regression					46:55	multiple logistic regression	28:55	multiple logistic regression	28:55	Screening for ketosis using multiple logistic regression based on milk yield and composition.
26074408	7	40	theme	9.978	1044:1048	arg1	ratio					1056:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	1	41	from	cows	228:231	arg1	Japan					246:250	Japan	246:250	Japan	246:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	7	42	theme	×	1050:1050	arg1	ratio					1056:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	3	43	theme	ketotic	500:506	arg1	cows					508:511	16 ketotic cows	497:511	16 ketotic cows	497:511	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	7	44	dep	SNF	1103:1105	arg1	2					1092:1092	2	1092:1092	2	1092:1092	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	1	45	theme	cows	197:200	arg1	records					178:184	632 records	174:184	632 records of healthy cows	174:200	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	1	45	theme	cows	197:200	arg1	records					209:215	61 records	206:215	61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan	206:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	0	46	theme	multiple	28:35	arg1	regression					46:55	multiple logistic regression	28:55	multiple logistic regression	28:55	Screening for ketosis using multiple logistic regression based on milk yield and composition.
26074408	7	47	theme	milk	1072:1075	arg1	yield					1077:1081	0.085 × milk yield <10	1064:1085	0.085 × milk yield <10	1064:1085	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	5	48	from	ratio	731:735	arg1	milk					740:743	milk	740:743	milk	740:743	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	7	49	theme	P/F	1052:1054	arg1	ratio					1056:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	9.978 × P/F ratio	1044:1060	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	6	50	theme	primiparous	813:823	arg1	cows					825:828	primiparous cows	813:828	primiparous cows	813:828	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	3	51	theme	milk	540:543	arg1	yield					545:549	milk yield	540:549	milk yield	540:549	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	9	52	dep	0.678	1457:1461	arg1	2					1454:1454	2	1454:1454	2	1454:1454	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	7	53	theme	2.327	1095:1099	arg1	SNF					1103:1105	2.327 × SNF	1095:1105	2.327 × SNF	1095:1105	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	2	54	theme	milk	298:301	arg1	yield					303:307	milk yield	298:307	milk yield	298:307	The purpose was to diagnose ketosis based on milk yield and composition, simultaneously.
26074408	3	55	theme	nutritional	520:530	arg1	status					532:537	nutritional status	520:537	nutritional status	520:537	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	3	56	theme	healthy	412:418	arg1	cows					420:423	314 healthy cows	408:423	314 healthy cows	408:423	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	9	57	theme	0.711	1425:1429	arg1	specificity					1391:1401	specificity	1391:1401	specificity	1391:1401	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	57	theme	0.711	1425:1429	arg1	values					1411:1416	AUC values	1407:1416	AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781	1407:1446	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	57	theme	0.711	1425:1429	arg1	sensitivity					1378:1388	the sensitivity	1374:1388	the sensitivity	1374:1388	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	1	58	from	records	209:215	arg1	Japan					246:250	Japan	246:250	Japan	246:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	5	59	theme	ketosis	800:806	arg1	diagnosis					787:795	the diagnosis	783:795	the diagnosis of ketosis	783:806	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	3	60	dep	primiparous	453:463	arg1	2					450:450	2	450:450	2	450:450	The cows were divided into two groups: (1) multiparous, including 314 healthy cows and 45 ketotic cows and (2) primiparous, including 318 healthy cows and 16 ketotic cows, since nutritional status, milk yield and composition are affected by parity.
26074408	0	61	theme	milk	66:69	arg1	yield					71:75	milk yield	66:75	milk yield	66:75	Screening for ketosis using multiple logistic regression based on milk yield and composition.
26074408	7	62	dep	ratio	1056:1060	arg1	1					1041:1041	1	1041:1041	1	1041:1041	A diagnostic rule was constructed for each group of cows: (1) 9.978 × P/F ratio + 0.085 × milk yield <10 and (2) 2.327 × SNF - 2.703 × lactose + 0.225 × MUN <10.
26074408	1	63	from	records	178:184	arg1	Japan					246:250	Japan	246:250	Japan	246:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	1	64	theme	milk	138:141	arg1	yield					143:147	milk yield	138:147	milk yield	138:147	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
26074408	9	65	theme	0.726	1432:1436	arg1	specificity					1391:1401	specificity	1391:1401	specificity	1391:1401	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	65	theme	0.726	1432:1436	arg1	values					1411:1416	AUC values	1407:1416	AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781	1407:1446	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	9	65	theme	0.726	1432:1436	arg1	sensitivity					1378:1388	the sensitivity	1374:1388	the sensitivity	1374:1388	The P/F ratio, which is a widely used measure of ketosis, provided the sensitivity, specificity and AUC values of (1) 0.711, 0.726 and 0.781; and (2) 0.678, 0.767 and 0.738, respectively.
26074408	6	66	theme	fat	862:864	arg1	%					881:881	%	881:881	%	881:881	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	6	66	theme	fat	862:864	arg1	content					872:878	solid not fat (SNF) content	852:878	solid not fat (SNF) content (%)	852:882	For primiparous cows, lactose content (%), solid not fat (SNF) content (%) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) content (mg/dl) were significantly associated with ketosis (P<0.01).
26074408	5	67	theme	multiparous	664:674	arg1	cows					676:679	multiparous cows	664:679	multiparous cows	664:679	For multiparous cows, milk yield (kg/day/cow) and protein-to-fat (P/F) ratio in milk were significant factors (P<0.05) for the diagnosis of ketosis.
26074408	1	68	theme	ketotic	220:226	arg1	cows					228:231	ketotic cows	220:231	ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan	220:250	Multiple logistic regression was applied to milk yield and composition data for 632 records of healthy cows and 61 records of ketotic cows in Hokkaido, Japan.
28743600	11	0	theme	other	1554:1558	arg1	groups					1560:1565	the other groups	1550:1565	the other groups	1550:1565	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	3	1	theme	wheel	497:501	arg1	access					511:516	voluntary wheel running access	487:516	voluntary wheel running access (RUN)	487:522	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	3	1	theme	wheel	497:501	arg1	RUN					519:521	RUN	519:521	RUN	519:521	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	8	2	theme	Fecal	1046:1050	arg1	samples					1052:1058	Fecal samples	1046:1058	Fecal samples	1046:1058	Fecal samples were also collected before and after the 4 week diet preference phase to characterize microbiota composition.
28743600	8	3	theme	week	1103:1106	arg1	phase					1124:1128	the 4 week diet preference phase	1097:1128	the 4 week diet preference phase	1097:1128	Fecal samples were also collected before and after the 4 week diet preference phase to characterize microbiota composition.
28743600	14	4	theme	feeding	2114:2120	arg1	behavior					2122:2129	feeding behavior	2114:2129	feeding behavior	2114:2129	The findings highlight the necessity for further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior.
28743600	5	5	theme	RUN	761:763	arg1	conditions					765:774	SED and RUN conditions	753:774	SED and RUN conditions	753:774	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	8	6	theme	preference	1113:1122	arg1	phase					1124:1128	the 4 week diet preference phase	1097:1128	the 4 week diet preference phase	1097:1128	Fecal samples were also collected before and after the 4 week diet preference phase to characterize microbiota composition.
28743600	7	7	theme	preference	960:969	arg1	test					971:974	the 4 week diet preference test	944:974	the 4 week diet preference test	944:974	At the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test, animals were sacrificed and brains were collected for mRNA analysis.
28743600	11	8	theme	SED	1446:1448	arg1	rats					1450:1453	male SED rats	1441:1453	male SED rats	1441:1453	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	7	9	theme	week	950:953	arg1	test					971:974	the 4 week diet preference test	944:974	the 4 week diet preference test	944:974	At the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test, animals were sacrificed and brains were collected for mRNA analysis.
28743600	3	10	theme	access	511:516	arg1	conditions					524:533	either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	443:533	either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	443:533	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	1	11	theme	activity	197:204	arg1	level					179:183	the level	175:183	the level of physical activity and diet preference	175:224	Previous studies suggest an interaction between the level of physical activity and diet preference.
28743600	0	12	from	Association	63:73	arg1	preference					51:60	diet preference	46:60	diet preference	46:60	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	8	13	theme	microbiota	1146:1155	arg1	composition					1157:1167	microbiota composition	1146:1167	microbiota composition	1146:1167	Fecal samples were also collected before and after the 4 week diet preference phase to characterize microbiota composition.
28743600	1	14	theme	diet	210:213	arg1	preference					215:224	diet preference	210:224	diet preference	210:224	Previous studies suggest an interaction between the level of physical activity and diet preference.
28743600	6	15	theme	Body	847:850	arg1	weight					852:857	Body weight	847:857	Body weight	847:857	Body weight, running distance, and intake of each diet were measured daily.
28743600	5	16	theme	diet	812:815	arg1	period					839:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	12	17	from	expression	1709:1718	arg1	striatum					1735:1742	the ventral striatum	1723:1742	the ventral striatum	1723:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	13	18	theme	significant	1792:1802	arg1	differences					1808:1818	The significant sex differences	1788:1818	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures	1788:1911	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	5	19	theme	assessment	828:837	arg1	period					839:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	13	20	dep	activity	1844:1851	arg1	response					1823:1830	response	1823:1830	response	1823:1830	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	6	21	theme	diet	897:900	arg1	weight					852:857	Body weight	847:857	Body weight	847:857	Body weight, running distance, and intake of each diet were measured daily.
28743600	6	21	theme	diet	897:900	arg1	distance					868:875	running distance	860:875	running distance	860:875	Body weight, running distance, and intake of each diet were measured daily.
28743600	6	21	theme	diet	897:900	arg1	intake					882:887	intake	882:887	intake of each diet	882:900	Body weight, running distance, and intake of each diet were measured daily.
28743600	0	22	from	effect	15:20	arg1	preference					51:60	diet preference	46:60	diet preference	46:60	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	4	23	theme	ad	638:639	arg1	access					649:654	concurrent ad libitum access	627:654	concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage	627:750	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	5	24	theme	4	805:805	arg1	week					807:810	week	807:810	week	807:810	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	14	25	theme	further	2036:2042	arg1	exploration					2044:2054	further exploration	2036:2054	further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior	2036:2129	The findings highlight the necessity for further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior.
28743600	0	26	theme	striatal	78:85	arg1	opioids					87:93	striatal opioids	78:93	striatal opioids	78:93	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	13	27	theme	metabolic	1947:1955	arg1	difference					1957:1966	potential motivational or metabolic difference	1921:1966	potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females	1921:1992	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	1	28	theme	Previous	127:134	arg1	studies					136:142	Previous studies	127:142	Previous studies	127:142	Previous studies suggest an interaction between the level of physical activity and diet preference.
28743600	10	29	theme	more	1380:1383	arg1	diet					1394:1397	significantly more high-fat diet	1366:1397	significantly more high-fat diet	1366:1397	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	12	30	from	influence	1643:1651	arg1	expression					1709:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression	1682:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum	1682:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	12	30	from	influence	1643:1651	arg1	characterization					1752:1767	the characterization	1748:1767	the characterization of gut microbiota	1748:1785	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	3	31	theme	female	401:406	arg1	rats					415:418	male and female Wistar rats	392:418	male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	392:533	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	9	32	theme	physical	1222:1229	arg1	activity					1231:1238	physical activity	1222:1238	physical activity	1222:1238	Results indicate sex dependent interactions between physical activity and both behavioral and physiological measures.
28743600	12	33	theme	microbiota	1776:1785	arg1	expression					1709:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression	1682:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum	1682:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	12	33	theme	microbiota	1776:1785	arg1	characterization					1752:1767	the characterization	1748:1767	the characterization of gut microbiota	1748:1785	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	4	34	theme	pelleted	673:680	arg1	high-sucrose					699:710	high-sucrose	699:710	high-sucrose	699:710	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	34	theme	pelleted	673:680	arg1	high-fat					689:696	high-fat	689:696	high-fat	689:696	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	34	theme	pelleted	673:680	arg1	starch					727:732	high-corn starch	717:732	high-corn starch	717:732	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	34	theme	pelleted	673:680	arg1	diets					682:686	3 pelleted diets	671:686	3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch)	671:733	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	3	35	theme	male	392:395	arg1	rats					415:418	male and female Wistar rats	392:418	male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	392:533	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	4	36	theme	standard	595:602	arg1	chow					604:607	standard chow	595:607	standard chow	595:607	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	9	37	theme	behavioral	1249:1258	arg1	measures					1278:1285	both behavioral and physiological measures	1244:1285	both behavioral and physiological measures	1244:1285	Results indicate sex dependent interactions between physical activity and both behavioral and physiological measures.
28743600	0	38	theme	physical	25:32	arg1	activity					34:41	physical activity	25:41	physical activity	25:41	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	12	39	theme	related	1689:1695	arg1	expression					1709:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression	1682:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum	1682:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	13	40	theme	potential	1921:1929	arg1	difference					1957:1966	potential motivational or metabolic difference	1921:1966	potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females	1921:1992	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	3	41	theme	no	461:462	arg1	sedentary					450:458	sedentary	450:458	sedentary	450:458	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	3	41	theme	no	461:462	arg1	access					470:475	no wheel access	461:475	no wheel access	461:475	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	9	42	theme	physiological	1264:1276	arg1	measures					1278:1285	both behavioral and physiological measures	1244:1285	both behavioral and physiological measures	1244:1285	Results indicate sex dependent interactions between physical activity and both behavioral and physiological measures.
28743600	12	43	theme	mRNA	1704:1707	arg1	expression					1709:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression	1682:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum	1682:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	11	44	theme	high-fat	1474:1481	arg1	diet					1483:1486	the high-fat diet	1470:1486	the high-fat diet	1470:1486	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	3	45	theme	sedentary	450:458	arg1	conditions					524:533	either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	443:533	either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	443:533	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	1	46	theme	preference	215:224	arg1	level					179:183	the level	175:183	the level of physical activity and diet preference	175:224	Previous studies suggest an interaction between the level of physical activity and diet preference.
28743600	12	47	theme	activity	1665:1672	arg1	influence					1643:1651	a sex dependent influence	1627:1651	a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota	1627:1785	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	4	48	theme	high-corn	717:725	arg1	diets					682:686	3 pelleted diets	671:686	3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch)	671:733	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	48	theme	high-corn	717:725	arg1	starch					727:732	high-corn starch	717:732	high-corn starch	717:732	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	49	theme	week	550:553	arg1	period					567:572	a 1 week acclimation period	546:572	a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions	546:592	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	11	50	theme	RUN	1494:1496	arg1	rats					1498:1501	male RUN rats	1489:1501	male RUN rats	1489:1501	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	12	51	theme	dependent	1633:1641	arg1	influence					1643:1651	a sex dependent influence	1627:1651	a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota	1627:1785	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	11	52	theme	less	1526:1529	arg1	diet					1540:1543	significantly less high-fat diet	1512:1543	significantly less high-fat diet	1512:1543	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	11	53	theme	male	1441:1444	arg1	rats					1450:1453	male SED rats	1441:1453	male SED rats	1441:1453	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	3	54	theme	voluntary	487:495	arg1	access					511:516	voluntary wheel running access	487:516	voluntary wheel running access (RUN)	487:522	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	3	54	theme	voluntary	487:495	arg1	RUN					519:521	RUN	519:521	RUN	519:521	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	7	55	theme	test	971:974	arg1	conclusion					930:939	the conclusion	926:939	the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test	926:974	At the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test, animals were sacrificed and brains were collected for mRNA analysis.
28743600	4	56	theme	home	742:745	arg1	cage					747:750	the home cage	738:750	the home cage	738:750	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	8	57	theme	4	1101:1101	arg1	week					1103:1106	week	1103:1106	week	1103:1106	Fecal samples were also collected before and after the 4 week diet preference phase to characterize microbiota composition.
28743600	7	58	theme	diet	955:958	arg1	test					971:974	the 4 week diet preference test	944:974	the 4 week diet preference test	944:974	At the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test, animals were sacrificed and brains were collected for mRNA analysis.
28743600	10	59	theme	SED	1312:1314	arg1	conditions					1316:1325	SED conditions	1312:1325	SED conditions	1312:1325	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	12	60	from	characterization	1752:1767	arg1	striatum					1735:1742	the ventral striatum	1723:1742	the ventral striatum	1723:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	8	61	theme	diet	1108:1111	arg1	phase					1124:1128	the 4 week diet preference phase	1097:1128	the 4 week diet preference phase	1097:1128	Fecal samples were also collected before and after the 4 week diet preference phase to characterize microbiota composition.
28743600	14	62	theme	physical	2092:2099	arg1	activity					2101:2108	physical activity	2092:2108	physical activity	2092:2108	The findings highlight the necessity for further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior.
28743600	7	63	theme	4	948:948	arg1	week					950:953	week	950:953	week	950:953	At the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test, animals were sacrificed and brains were collected for mRNA analysis.
28743600	13	64	theme	physical	1835:1842	arg1	activity					1844:1851	physical activity	1835:1851	physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures	1835:1911	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	3	65	theme	running	503:509	arg1	access					511:516	voluntary wheel running access	487:516	voluntary wheel running access (RUN)	487:522	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	3	65	theme	running	503:509	arg1	RUN					519:521	RUN	519:521	RUN	519:521	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	1	66	theme	physical	188:195	arg1	activity					197:204	physical activity	188:204	physical activity	188:204	Previous studies suggest an interaction between the level of physical activity and diet preference.
28743600	6	67	theme	running	860:866	arg1	distance					868:875	running distance	860:875	running distance	860:875	Body weight, running distance, and intake of each diet were measured daily.
28743600	4	68	dep	diets	682:686	arg1	high-sucrose					699:710	high-sucrose	699:710	high-sucrose	699:710	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	68	dep	diets	682:686	arg1	high-fat					689:696	high-fat	689:696	high-fat	689:696	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	68	dep	diets	682:686	arg1	diets					682:686	3 pelleted diets	671:686	3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch)	671:733	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	4	68	dep	diets	682:686	arg1	starch					727:732	high-corn starch	717:732	high-corn starch	717:732	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	3	69	from	influence	353:361	arg1	preference					378:387	diet preference	373:387	diet preference	373:387	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	5	70	theme	week	807:810	arg1	period					839:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	4	71	theme	libitum	641:647	arg1	access					649:654	concurrent ad libitum access	627:654	concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage	627:750	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	5	72	theme	preference	817:826	arg1	period					839:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	13	73	theme	sex	1804:1806	arg1	differences					1808:1818	The significant sex differences	1788:1818	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures	1788:1911	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	3	74	theme	present	326:332	arg1	study					334:338	The present study	322:338	The present study	322:338	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	5	75	theme	next	800:803	arg1	period					839:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	the next 4 week diet preference assessment period	796:844	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	6	76	theme	each	892:895	arg1	diet					897:900	each diet	892:900	each diet	892:900	Body weight, running distance, and intake of each diet were measured daily.
28743600	0	77	theme	microbiota	103:112	arg1	composition					114:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	10	78	theme	high-fat	1341:1348	arg1	diet					1350:1353	the high-fat diet	1337:1353	the high-fat diet	1337:1353	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	4	79	theme	concurrent	627:636	arg1	access					649:654	concurrent ad libitum access	627:654	concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage	627:750	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	0	80	theme	opioids	87:93	arg1	effect					15:20	effect	15:20	effect of physical activity on diet preference	15:60	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	0	80	theme	opioids	87:93	arg1	Association					63:73	Association	63:73	Association of striatal opioids	63:93	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	0	80	theme	opioids	87:93	arg1	composition					114:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	3	81	dep	sedentary	450:458	arg1	SED					479:481	SED	479:481	SED	479:481	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	2	82	theme	sex	290:292	arg1	differences					294:304	sex differences	290:304	sex differences that may exist	290:319	However, this relationship has not been well characterized for sex differences that may exist.
28743600	4	83	theme	diets	682:686	arg1	choice					661:666	a choice	659:666	a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage	659:750	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	0	84	theme	gut	99:101	arg1	composition					114:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	9	85	theme	dependent	1191:1199	arg1	interactions					1201:1212	sex dependent interactions	1187:1212	sex dependent interactions between physical activity and both behavioral and physiological measures	1187:1285	Results indicate sex dependent interactions between physical activity and both behavioral and physiological measures.
28743600	12	86	theme	gut	1772:1774	arg1	microbiota					1776:1785	gut microbiota	1772:1785	gut microbiota	1772:1785	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	3	87	theme	diet	373:376	arg1	preference					378:387	diet preference	373:387	diet preference	373:387	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	3	88	theme	Wistar	408:413	arg1	rats					415:418	male and female Wistar rats	392:418	male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions	392:533	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	7	89	theme	mRNA	1031:1034	arg1	analysis					1036:1043	mRNA analysis	1031:1043	mRNA analysis	1031:1043	At the conclusion of the 4 week diet preference test, animals were sacrificed and brains were collected for mRNA analysis.
28743600	4	90	from	choice	661:666	arg1	cage					747:750	the home cage	738:750	the home cage	738:750	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	3	91	theme	sex	366:368	arg1	influence					353:361	the influence	349:361	the influence of sex on diet preference	349:387	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	0	92	theme	activity	34:41	arg1	effect					15:20	effect	15:20	effect of physical activity on diet preference	15:60	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	0	92	theme	activity	34:41	arg1	Association					63:73	Association	63:73	Association of striatal opioids	63:93	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	0	92	theme	activity	34:41	arg1	composition					114:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	gut microbiota composition	99:124	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	10	93	theme	high-fat	1385:1392	arg1	diet					1394:1397	significantly more high-fat diet	1366:1397	significantly more high-fat diet	1366:1397	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	0	94	from	composition	114:124	arg1	preference					51:60	diet preference	46:60	diet preference	46:60	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	0	95	theme	diet	46:49	arg1	preference					51:60	diet preference	46:60	diet preference	46:60	Sex determines effect of physical activity on diet preference: Association of striatal opioids and gut microbiota composition.
28743600	10	96	from	Females	1288:1294	arg1	RUN					1304:1306	RUN	1304:1306	RUN	1304:1306	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	10	96	from	Females	1288:1294	arg1	conditions					1316:1325	SED conditions	1312:1325	SED conditions	1312:1325	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	14	97	dep	activity	2101:2108	arg1	female					2073:2078	female	2073:2078	female	2073:2078	The findings highlight the necessity for further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior.
28743600	14	97	dep	activity	2101:2108	arg1	male					2064:2067	male	2064:2067	male	2064:2067	The findings highlight the necessity for further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior.
28743600	14	97	dep	activity	2101:2108	arg1	response					2080:2087	response	2080:2087	response	2080:2087	The findings highlight the necessity for further exploration between male and female response to physical activity and feeding behavior.
28743600	10	98	theme	other	1418:1422	arg1	diets					1428:1432	the other two diets	1414:1432	the other two diets	1414:1432	Females in both RUN and SED conditions preferred the high-fat diet, consuming significantly more high-fat diet than either of the other two diets.
28743600	13	99	theme	motivational	1931:1942	arg1	difference					1957:1966	potential motivational or metabolic difference	1921:1966	potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females	1921:1992	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	3	100	theme	wheel	464:468	arg1	sedentary					450:458	sedentary	450:458	sedentary	450:458	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	3	100	theme	wheel	464:468	arg1	access					470:475	no wheel access	461:475	no wheel access	461:475	The present study examined the influence of sex on diet preference in male and female Wistar rats that were housed under either sedentary (no wheel access) (SED) or voluntary wheel running access (RUN) conditions.
28743600	12	101	theme	ventral	1727:1733	arg1	striatum					1735:1742	the ventral striatum	1723:1742	the ventral striatum	1723:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	12	102	theme	opioid	1697:1702	arg1	expression					1709:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression	1682:1718	reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum	1682:1742	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	13	103	theme	physiological	1890:1902	arg1	measures					1904:1911	both behavioral and physiological measures	1870:1911	both behavioral and physiological measures	1870:1911	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	4	104	theme	1	548:548	arg1	week					550:553	week	550:553	week	550:553	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	13	105	theme	behavioral	1875:1884	arg1	measures					1904:1911	both behavioral and physiological measures	1870:1911	both behavioral and physiological measures	1870:1911	The significant sex differences in response to physical activity observed through both behavioral and physiological measures suggest potential motivational or metabolic difference between males and females.
28743600	5	106	theme	SED	753:755	arg1	conditions					765:774	SED and RUN conditions	753:774	SED and RUN conditions	753:774	SED and RUN conditions remained throughout the next 4 week diet preference assessment period.
28743600	12	107	theme	physical	1656:1663	arg1	activity					1665:1672	physical activity	1656:1672	physical activity	1656:1672	There was also a sex dependent influence of physical activity on both reward related opioid mRNA expression in the ventral striatum and the characterization of gut microbiota.
28743600	4	108	theme	acclimation	555:565	arg1	period					567:572	a 1 week acclimation period	546:572	a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions	546:592	Following a 1 week acclimation period to these conditions, standard chow was replaced with concurrent ad libitum access to a choice of 3 pelleted diets (high-fat, high-sucrose, and high-corn starch) in the home cage.
28743600	11	109	theme	high-fat	1531:1538	arg1	diet					1540:1543	significantly less high-fat diet	1512:1543	significantly less high-fat diet	1512:1543	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
28743600	11	110	theme	male	1489:1492	arg1	rats					1498:1501	male RUN rats	1489:1501	male RUN rats	1489:1501	While male SED rats also preferred the high-fat diet, male RUN rats consumed significantly less high-fat diet than the other groups, instead preferring all three diets equally.
25488371	3	0	theme	natural	294:300	arg1	conditions					302:311	natural conditions	294:311	natural conditions	294:311	However, this feature does not enhance reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set under natural conditions.
25488371	12	1	theme	natural	1641:1647	arg1	conditions					1649:1658	natural conditions	1641:1658	natural conditions	1641:1658	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	12	2	theme	low	1624:1626	arg1	result					1673:1678	the result	1669:1678	the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators	1669:1723	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	12	2	theme	low	1624:1626	arg1	fruit					1628:1632	the low fruit	1620:1632	the low fruit set in natural conditions	1620:1658	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	4	3	theme	Inga	451:454	arg1	subsp					464:468	Inga subnuda subsp	451:468	Inga subnuda subsp	451:468	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	8	4	theme	main	1076:1079	arg1	pollinators					1081:1091	main pollinators	1076:1091	main pollinators	1076:1091	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	8	5	theme	sugar	948:952	arg1	availability					954:965	sugar availability	948:965	sugar availability	948:965	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	7	6	theme	floral	881:886	arg1	traits					896:901	other floral biology traits	875:901	other floral biology traits	875:901	Furthermore, nectar production, sugar composition and other floral biology traits were evaluated.
25488371	12	7	theme	generalist	1539:1548	arg1	system					1562:1567	the generalist pollination system	1535:1567	the generalist pollination system	1535:1567	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	10	8	dep	visits	1326:1331	arg1	diurnal					1334:1340	diurnal	1334:1340	diurnal	1334:1340	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	10	8	dep	visits	1326:1331	arg1	nocturnal					1346:1354	nocturnal	1346:1354	nocturnal	1346:1354	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	4	9	theme	visits	418:423	arg1	effect					400:405	the effect	396:405	the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp	396:468	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	10	10	theme	I. subnuda	1421:1430	arg1	subsp					1432:1436	I. subnuda subsp	1421:1436	I. subnuda subsp	1421:1436	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	6	11	dep	stigmas	713:719	arg1	comparison					699:708	comparison	699:708	comparison	699:708	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	7	12	theme	biology	888:894	arg1	traits					896:901	other floral biology traits	875:901	other floral biology traits	875:901	Furthermore, nectar production, sugar composition and other floral biology traits were evaluated.
25488371	8	13	theme	sucrose	971:977	arg1	dominance					979:987	sucrose dominance	971:987	sucrose dominance	971:987	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	6	14	from	stigmas	644:650	arg1	fixed					635:639	fixed	635:639	fixed	635:639	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	12	15	theme	negative	1685:1692	arg1	effect					1694:1699	a negative effect	1683:1699	a negative effect of visitors/pollinators	1683:1723	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	5	16	theme	polyads	513:519	arg1	efficacy					501:508	the efficacy	497:508	the efficacy of polyads deposited on stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors	497:606	luschnathiana, we studied the efficacy of polyads deposited on stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors.
25488371	6	17	dep	visitors	735:742	arg1	bees					759:762	bees	759:762	bees	759:762	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	6	17	dep	visitors	735:742	arg1	bats					786:789	bats	786:789	bats	786:789	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	6	17	dep	visitors	735:742	arg1	hawkmoths					772:780	hawkmoths	772:780	hawkmoths	772:780	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	6	17	dep	visitors	735:742	arg1	hummingbirds					745:756	hummingbirds	745:756	hummingbirds	745:756	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	6	17	dep	visitors	735:742	arg1	wasps					765:769	wasps	765:769	wasps	765:769	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	11	18	theme	others	1486:1491	arg1	factors					1493:1499	others factors	1486:1499	others factors	1486:1499	luschnathiana flowers, thus contributing, with others factors, to its low fruit set.
25488371	8	19	theme	brush-flower	1107:1118	arg1	morphology					1120:1129	the brush-flower morphology	1103:1129	the brush-flower morphology	1103:1129	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	9	20	theme	important	1243:1251	arg1	species					1229:1235	the species	1225:1235	the species	1225:1235	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	9	20	theme	important	1243:1251	arg1	resource					1253:1260	an important resource	1240:1260	an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors	1240:1299	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	3	21	theme	reproductive	234:245	arg1	rates					247:251	reproductive rates	234:251	reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set	234:286	However, this feature does not enhance reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set under natural conditions.
25488371	7	22	theme	other	875:879	arg1	traits					896:901	other floral biology traits	875:901	other floral biology traits	875:901	Furthermore, nectar production, sugar composition and other floral biology traits were evaluated.
25488371	8	23	theme	chemical	1170:1177	arg1	composition					1179:1189	chemical composition	1170:1189	chemical composition	1170:1189	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	4	24	theme	subnuda	456:462	arg1	subsp					464:468	Inga subnuda subsp	451:468	Inga subnuda subsp	451:468	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	7	25	theme	sugar	853:857	arg1	composition					859:869	sugar composition	853:869	sugar composition	853:869	Furthermore, nectar production, sugar composition and other floral biology traits were evaluated.
25488371	1	26	theme	negative	61:68	arg1	effect					70:75	negative effect	61:75	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?	35:119	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?
25488371	4	27	theme	pollination	428:438	arg1	success					440:446	pollination success	428:446	pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp	428:468	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	0	28	theme	generalist	4:13	arg1	subsp					28:32	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp	0:32	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp.	0:33	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	2	29	theme	Inga	121:124	arg1	species					126:132	Inga species	121:132	Inga species	121:132	Inga species are characterised by generalist or mixed pollination system.
25488371	12	30	theme	visitors/pollinators	1704:1723	arg1	effect					1694:1699	a negative effect	1683:1699	a negative effect of visitors/pollinators	1683:1723	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	8	31	theme	Increased	919:927	arg1	production					936:945	nectar production	929:945	nectar production	929:945	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	4	32	from	success	440:446	arg1	subsp					464:468	Inga subnuda subsp	451:468	Inga subnuda subsp	451:468	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	5	33	theme	flowers	545:551	arg1	stigmas					534:540	stigmas	534:540	stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors	534:606	luschnathiana, we studied the efficacy of polyads deposited on stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors.
25488371	6	34	from	fixed	635:639	arg1	stigmas					644:650	stigmas	644:650	stigmas	644:650	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	0	35	theme	subnuda	20:26	arg1	subsp					28:32	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp	0:32	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp.	0:33	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	9	36	theme	diverse	1268:1274	arg1	group					1276:1280	a diverse group	1266:1280	a diverse group of floral visitors	1266:1299	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	9	36	theme	diverse	1268:1274	arg1	visitors					1292:1299	floral visitors	1285:1299	floral visitors	1285:1299	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	1	37	theme	floral	80:85	arg1	visitors					87:94	floral visitors	80:94	floral visitors	80:94	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?
25488371	8	38	dep	allow	1196:1200	arg1	although					1094:1101	although	1094:1101	although	1094:1101	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	1	39	dep	luschnathiana	35:47	arg1	effect					70:75	negative effect	61:75	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?	35:119	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?
25488371	0	40	theme	Inga	15:18	arg1	subsp					28:32	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp	0:32	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp.	0:33	The generalist Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	12	41	theme	effect	1694:1699	arg1	fruit					1628:1632	the low fruit	1620:1632	the low fruit set in natural conditions	1620:1658	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	12	41	theme	effect	1694:1699	arg1	result					1673:1678	the result	1669:1678	the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators	1669:1723	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	2	42	theme	mixed	169:173	arg1	system					187:192	generalist or mixed pollination system	155:192	generalist or mixed pollination system	155:192	Inga species are characterised by generalist or mixed pollination system.
25488371	1	43	theme	visitors	87:94	arg1	effect					70:75	negative effect	61:75	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?	35:119	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?
25488371	12	44	theme	pollination	1550:1560	arg1	system					1562:1567	the generalist pollination system	1535:1567	the generalist pollination system	1535:1567	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
25488371	3	45	with	species	256:262	arg1	set					284:286	very low fruit set	269:286	very low fruit set	269:286	However, this feature does not enhance reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set under natural conditions.
25488371	3	46	from	rates	247:251	arg1	species					256:262	species	256:262	species with very low fruit set	256:286	However, this feature does not enhance reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set under natural conditions.
25488371	8	47	theme	nocturnal	1030:1038	arg1	visitors					1040:1047	nocturnal visitors	1030:1047	nocturnal visitors	1030:1047	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	4	48	theme	massive	410:416	arg1	visits					418:423	massive visits	410:423	massive visits	410:423	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	6	49	theme	fixed	635:639	arg1	polyads					627:633	polyads	627:633	polyads fixed in stigmas	627:650	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	6	50	attach	isolated	721:728	arg2	stigmas					713:719	stigmas	713:719	stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats)	713:790	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	6	50	attach	isolated	721:728	arg1	visitors					735:742	visitors	735:742	visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats)	735:790	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	9	51	theme	floral	1285:1290	arg1	visitors					1292:1299	floral visitors	1285:1299	floral visitors	1285:1299	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	8	52	theme	anthesis	1140:1147	arg1	time					1132:1135	time	1132:1135	time of anthesis	1132:1147	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	8	52	theme	anthesis	1140:1147	arg1	composition					1179:1189	chemical composition	1170:1189	chemical composition	1170:1189	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	8	52	theme	anthesis	1140:1147	arg1	morphology					1120:1129	the brush-flower morphology	1103:1129	the brush-flower morphology	1103:1129	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	8	52	theme	anthesis	1140:1147	arg1	dynamics					1157:1164	nectar dynamics	1150:1164	nectar dynamics	1150:1164	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	2	53	theme	generalist	155:164	arg1	system					187:192	generalist or mixed pollination system	155:192	generalist or mixed pollination system	155:192	Inga species are characterised by generalist or mixed pollination system.
25488371	5	54	attach	isolated	553:560	arg1	visitors					567:574	visitors	567:574	visitors	567:574	luschnathiana, we studied the efficacy of polyads deposited on stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors.
25488371	5	54	attach	isolated	553:560	arg1	polyads					580:586	polyads	580:586	polyads	580:586	luschnathiana, we studied the efficacy of polyads deposited on stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors.
25488371	5	54	attach	isolated	553:560	arg2	flowers					545:551	flowers	545:551	flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors	545:606	luschnathiana, we studied the efficacy of polyads deposited on stigmas of flowers isolated from visitors and polyads exposed to visitors.
25488371	9	55	theme	visitors	1292:1299	arg1	group					1276:1280	a diverse group	1266:1280	a diverse group of floral visitors	1266:1299	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	9	55	theme	visitors	1292:1299	arg1	visitors					1292:1299	floral visitors	1285:1299	floral visitors	1285:1299	Thus the species is an important resource for a diverse group of floral visitors.
25488371	6	56	theme	fruit	797:801	arg1	set					803:805	fruit set	797:805	fruit set	797:805	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	4	57	theme	ecological	319:328	arg1	factors					342:348	Some ecological and genetic factors	314:348	Some ecological and genetic factors	314:348	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	8	58	theme	nectar	1150:1155	arg1	dynamics					1157:1164	nectar dynamics	1150:1164	nectar dynamics	1150:1164	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	10	59	theme	excess	1319:1324	arg1	visits					1326:1331	excess visits	1319:1331	excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal)	1319:1355	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	4	60	from	effect	400:405	arg1	success					440:446	pollination success	428:446	pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp	428:468	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	1	61	theme	reproductive	99:110	arg1	success					112:118	reproductive success	99:118	reproductive success	99:118	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?
25488371	6	62	theme	polyads	627:633	arg1	proportion					613:622	The proportion	609:622	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas	609:650	The proportion of polyads fixed in stigmas decreased after exposure to visitors (24 h) in comparison to stigmas isolated from visitors (hummingbirds, bees, wasps, hawkmoths and bats), and fruit set was very low.
25488371	3	63	theme	low	274:276	arg1	set					284:286	very low fruit set	269:286	very low fruit set	269:286	However, this feature does not enhance reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set under natural conditions.
25488371	8	64	theme	nectar	929:934	arg1	production					936:945	nectar production	929:945	nectar production	929:945	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	4	65	theme	genetic	334:340	arg1	factors					342:348	Some ecological and genetic factors	314:348	Some ecological and genetic factors	314:348	Some ecological and genetic factors are associated with this feature, and to test the effect of massive visits on pollination success in Inga subnuda subsp.
25488371	7	66	theme	nectar	834:839	arg1	production					841:850	nectar production	834:850	nectar production	834:850	Furthermore, nectar production, sugar composition and other floral biology traits were evaluated.
25488371	3	67	theme	fruit	278:282	arg1	set					284:286	very low fruit set	269:286	very low fruit set	269:286	However, this feature does not enhance reproductive rates in species with very low fruit set under natural conditions.
25488371	10	68	theme	fixed	1393:1397	arg1	polyads					1399:1405	fixed polyads	1393:1405	fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp	1393:1436	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	10	69	theme	subsp	1432:1436	arg1	stigmas					1410:1416	stigmas	1410:1416	stigmas of I. subnuda subsp	1410:1436	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	1	70	from	effect	70:75	arg1	success					112:118	reproductive success	99:118	reproductive success	99:118	luschnathiana (Fabaceae): negative effect of floral visitors on reproductive success?
25488371	10	71	from	polyads	1399:1405	arg1	stigmas					1410:1416	stigmas	1410:1416	stigmas of I. subnuda subsp	1410:1436	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	2	72	theme	pollination	175:185	arg1	system					187:192	generalist or mixed pollination system	155:192	generalist or mixed pollination system	155:192	Inga species are characterised by generalist or mixed pollination system.
25488371	10	73	from	decrease	1381:1388	arg1	polyads					1399:1405	fixed polyads	1393:1405	fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp	1393:1436	We conclude that excess visits (diurnal and nocturnal) are responsible for the decrease in fixed polyads in stigmas of I. subnuda subsp.
25488371	8	74	theme	daytime	1202:1208	arg1	visitors					1210:1217	daytime visitors	1202:1217	daytime visitors	1202:1217	Increased nectar production, sugar availability and sucrose dominance during the night indicates adaptation to nocturnal visitors and supports their role as main pollinators; although the brush-flower morphology, time of anthesis, nectar dynamics and chemical composition also allow daytime visitors.
25488371	11	75	theme	low	1509:1511	arg1	set					1519:1521	its low fruit set	1505:1521	its low fruit set	1505:1521	luschnathiana flowers, thus contributing, with others factors, to its low fruit set.
25488371	11	76	theme	fruit	1513:1517	arg1	set					1519:1521	its low fruit set	1505:1521	its low fruit set	1505:1521	luschnathiana flowers, thus contributing, with others factors, to its low fruit set.
25488371	12	77	theme	reproductive	1588:1599	arg1	advantages					1601:1610	reproductive advantages	1588:1610	reproductive advantages	1588:1610	Therefore, the generalist pollination system does not result in reproductive advantages because the low fruit set in natural conditions could be the result of a negative effect of visitors/pollinators.
27083803	4	0	theme	nanocomposite	477:489	arg1	size					507:510	the average size	495:510	the average size of the particles	495:527	XRD spectra confirmed the synthesis of the nanocomposite and the average size of the particles.
27083803	4	0	theme	nanocomposite	477:489	arg1	synthesis					460:468	the synthesis	456:468	the synthesis of the nanocomposite	456:489	XRD spectra confirmed the synthesis of the nanocomposite and the average size of the particles.
27083803	1	1	theme	phthalate	158:166	arg1	nanocomposite					178:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
27083803	4	2	theme	average	499:505	arg1	size					507:510	the average size	495:510	the average size of the particles	495:527	XRD spectra confirmed the synthesis of the nanocomposite and the average size of the particles.
27083803	7	3	with	nanocomposite	788:800	arg1	concentrations					813:826	0.01M concentrations	807:826	0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M	807:846	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	0	4	theme	drug	97:100	arg1	properties					111:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	6	5	theme	nanocomposite	713:725	arg1	properties					659:668	Swelling and drug delivery properties	632:668	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	632:725	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	0	6	from	hydrogel	60:67	arg1	swelling					84:91	swelling	84:91	swelling	84:91	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	0	6	from	hydrogel	60:67	arg1	properties					111:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	1	7	theme	hydrogel	169:176	arg1	nanocomposite					178:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
27083803	0	8	theme	delivery	102:109	arg1	properties					111:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	5	9	theme	polymeric	614:622	arg1	matrix					624:629	a polymeric matrix	612:629	a polymeric matrix	612:629	SEM observations showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been uniformly dispersed in a polymeric matrix.
27083803	6	10	theme	phthalate	702:710	arg1	nanocomposite					713:725	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	673:725	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	673:725	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	5	11	theme	Fe3O4	559:563	arg1	nanoparticles					565:577	Fe3O4 nanoparticles	559:577	Fe3O4 nanoparticles	559:577	SEM observations showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been uniformly dispersed in a polymeric matrix.
27083803	6	12	theme	ethylene	693:700	arg1	nanocomposite					713:725	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	673:725	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	673:725	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	0	13	theme	new	17:19	arg1	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester					21:44	a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	15:44	a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	15:44	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	7	14	theme	0.005M	841:846	arg1	concentrations					813:826	0.01M concentrations	807:826	0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M	807:846	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	15	theme	drug	955:958	arg1	delivery					960:967	drug delivery	955:967	drug delivery	955:967	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	6	16	theme	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly	673:691	arg1	nanocomposite					713:725	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	673:725	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	673:725	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	4	17	theme	XRD	434:436	arg1	spectra					438:444	XRD spectra	434:444	XRD spectra	434:444	XRD spectra confirmed the synthesis of the nanocomposite and the average size of the particles.
27083803	7	18	theme	FeCl2	831:835	arg1	concentrations					813:826	0.01M concentrations	807:826	0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M	807:846	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	19	theme	FeCl3	851:855	arg1	appropriate					869:879	appropriate	869:879	appropriate	869:879	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	19	theme	FeCl3	851:855	arg1	nanocomposite					788:800	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite	763:800	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3	763:855	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	19	theme	FeCl3	851:855	arg1	FeCl3					851:855	FeCl3	851:855	FeCl3	851:855	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	0	20	theme	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	21:44	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	0:44	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	7	21	theme	0.01M	807:811	arg1	concentrations					813:826	0.01M concentrations	807:826	0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M	807:846	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	0	22	from	study	75:79	arg1	swelling					84:91	swelling	84:91	swelling	84:91	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	0	22	from	study	75:79	arg1	properties					111:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	drug delivery properties	97:120	Preparation of a new Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite hydrogel and a study on swelling and drug delivery properties.
27083803	1	23	theme	ethylene	216:223	arg1	poly					211:214	poly	211:214	poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch	211:254	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
27083803	1	23	theme	ethylene	216:223	arg1	phthalate					225:233	ethylene phthalate	216:233	ethylene phthalate	216:233	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
27083803	3	24	theme	FT-IR	337:341	arg1	spectra					343:349	FT-IR spectra	337:349	FT-IR spectra	337:349	FT-IR spectra proved that polyester had been grafted onto starch in a copolymerization reaction.
27083803	3	25	theme	copolymerization	407:422	arg1	reaction					424:431	a copolymerization reaction	405:431	a copolymerization reaction	405:431	FT-IR spectra proved that polyester had been grafted onto starch in a copolymerization reaction.
27083803	5	26	theme	SEM	530:532	arg1	observations					534:545	SEM observations	530:545	SEM observations	530:545	SEM observations showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been uniformly dispersed in a polymeric matrix.
27083803	4	27	theme	particles	519:527	arg1	size					507:510	the average size	495:510	the average size of the particles	495:527	XRD spectra confirmed the synthesis of the nanocomposite and the average size of the particles.
27083803	4	27	theme	particles	519:527	arg1	synthesis					460:468	the synthesis	456:468	the synthesis of the nanocomposite	456:489	XRD spectra confirmed the synthesis of the nanocomposite and the average size of the particles.
27083803	6	28	theme	delivery	650:657	arg1	properties					659:668	Swelling and drug delivery properties	632:668	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	632:725	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	1	29	theme	new	125:127	arg1	nanocomposite					178:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
27083803	6	30	theme	drug	645:648	arg1	delivery					650:657	drug delivery	645:657	drug delivery	645:657	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	1	31	theme	Fe3O4/starch-g-poly	129:147	arg1	nanocomposite					178:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
27083803	7	32	theme	Fe3O4	920:924	arg1	nanoparticles					926:938	Fe3O4 nanoparticles	920:938	Fe3O4 nanoparticles	920:938	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	33	theme	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	763:786	arg1	appropriate					869:879	appropriate	869:879	appropriate	869:879	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	33	theme	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	763:786	arg1	nanocomposite					788:800	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite	763:800	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3	763:855	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	7	33	theme	Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester	763:786	arg1	FeCl3					851:855	FeCl3	851:855	FeCl3	851:855	It was confirmed that Fe3O4/starch-g-polyester nanocomposite with 0.01M concentrations of FeCl2 and 0.005M of FeCl3 is the most appropriate for swelling and the composite without Fe3O4 nanoparticles is optimum for drug delivery.
27083803	6	34	theme	Swelling	632:639	arg1	properties					659:668	Swelling and drug delivery properties	632:668	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite	632:725	Swelling and drug delivery properties of Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) nanocomposite were studied.
27083803	1	35	theme	ethylene	149:156	arg1	nanocomposite					178:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite	123:190	A new Fe3O4/starch-g-poly(ethylene phthalate) hydrogel nanocomposite was prepared using poly(ethylene phthalate) grafted onto starch as a biopolymer.
25996903	7	0	theme	anticancer	1214:1223	arg1	molecule					1237:1244	an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule	1189:1244	an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule	1189:1244	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	7	0	theme	anticancer	1214:1223	arg1	curcumin					1179:1186	curcumin	1179:1186	curcumin	1179:1186	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	2	1	from	derivatives	411:421	arg1	hydrogels					396:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels	367:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB)	367:562	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	6	2	theme	photoclick	1073:1082	arg1	reaction					1084:1091	thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction	1056:1091	thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction	1056:1091	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	3	3	theme	photoclick	649:658	arg1	reactions					660:668	radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions	622:668	radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions	622:668	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels were prepared using radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions.
25996903	6	4	with	hydrogels	1100:1108	arg1	kinetics					1131:1138	faster gelation kinetics	1115:1138	faster gelation kinetics	1115:1138	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	3	5	theme	hydrogels	592:600	arg1	types					569:573	Two types	565:573	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels	565:600	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels were prepared using radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions.
25996903	0	6	dep	in	111:112	arg1	Situ					114:117	Situ	114:117	Situ	114:117	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	0	7	theme	Drug	93:96	arg1	Delivery					98:105	Drug Delivery	93:105	Drug Delivery	93:105	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	10	8	theme	cell	1924:1927	arg1	fate					1929:1932	cell fate	1924:1932	cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1924:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	4	9	theme	multiarm	834:841	arg1	PEGNB					843:847	multiarm PEGNB	834:847	multiarm PEGNB	834:847	Specifically, thiol-allylether hydrogels were formed by reacting multiarm PEGSH and βCD-AE, and thiol-norbornene hydrogels were formed by cross-linking βCD-SH and multiarm PEGNB.
25996903	1	10	with	complex	304:310	arg1	variety					319:325	a variety	317:325	a variety of hydrophobic drugs	317:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	10	with	complex	304:310	arg1	drugs					342:346	hydrophobic drugs	330:346	hydrophobic drugs	330:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	5	11	theme	hydrogels	914:922	arg1	kinetics					944:951	gelation kinetics	935:951	gelation kinetics	935:951	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	5	11	theme	hydrogels	914:922	arg1	fractions					958:966	gel fractions	954:966	gel fractions	954:966	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	5	11	theme	hydrogels	914:922	arg1	stability					980:988	hydrolytic stability	969:988	hydrolytic stability	969:988	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	5	11	theme	hydrogels	914:922	arg1	types					895:899	these two types	885:899	these two types	885:899	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	5	11	theme	hydrogels	914:922	arg1	cytocompatibility					995:1011	cytocompatibility	995:1011	cytocompatibility	995:1011	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	10	12	theme	profound	1852:1859	arg1	impact					1861:1866	the profound impact	1848:1866	the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1848:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	9	13	theme	cell	1639:1642	arg1	encapsulation					1644:1656	cell encapsulation	1639:1656	cell encapsulation	1639:1656	All formulations and cross-linking conditions tested were cytocompatible for cell encapsulation.
25996903	1	14	theme	hydrophobic	330:340	arg1	drugs					342:346	hydrophobic drugs	330:346	hydrophobic drugs	330:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	9	15	theme	cross-linking	1583:1595	arg1	conditions					1597:1606	cross-linking conditions	1583:1606	cross-linking conditions	1583:1606	All formulations and cross-linking conditions tested were cytocompatible for cell encapsulation.
25996903	8	16	link	CD-cross-linked	1450:1464	arg1	hydrogels					1466:1474	these CD-cross-linked hydrogels	1444:1474	these CD-cross-linked hydrogels	1444:1474	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	1	17	theme	drugs	342:346	arg1	variety					319:325	a variety	317:325	a variety of hydrophobic drugs	317:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	17	theme	drugs	342:346	arg1	drugs					342:346	hydrophobic drugs	330:346	hydrophobic drugs	330:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	10	18	theme	insulin	1744:1750	arg1	secretion					1752:1760	insulin secretion	1744:1760	insulin secretion	1744:1760	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	2	19	theme	modular	367:373	arg1	hydrogels					396:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels	367:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB)	367:562	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	20	theme	poly	434:437	arg1	PEG-norbornene					541:554	PEG-norbornene	541:554	PEG-norbornene (PEGNB)	541:562	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	20	theme	poly	434:437	arg1	derivatives					411:421	derivatives	411:421	derivatives	411:421	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	20	theme	poly	434:437	arg1	βCD-thiol					498:506	βCD-thiol	498:506	βCD-thiol (βCD-SH)	498:515	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	20	theme	poly	434:437	arg1	βCD-allylether					473:486	βCD-allylether	473:486	βCD-allylether (βCD-AE)	473:495	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	20	theme	poly	434:437	arg1	PEG-thiol					518:526	PEG-thiol	518:526	PEG-thiol (PEGSH)	518:534	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	3	21	theme	radical-mediated	622:637	arg1	reactions					660:668	radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions	622:668	radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions	622:668	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels were prepared using radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions.
25996903	7	22	link	CD-cross-linked	1268:1282	arg1	hydrogels					1294:1302	CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels	1268:1302	CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels	1268:1302	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	2	23	theme	βCD	426:428	arg1	PEG-norbornene					541:554	PEG-norbornene	541:554	PEG-norbornene (PEGNB)	541:562	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	23	theme	βCD	426:428	arg1	derivatives					411:421	derivatives	411:421	derivatives	411:421	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	23	theme	βCD	426:428	arg1	βCD-thiol					498:506	βCD-thiol	498:506	βCD-thiol (βCD-SH)	498:515	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	23	theme	βCD	426:428	arg1	βCD-allylether					473:486	βCD-allylether	473:486	βCD-allylether (βCD-AE)	473:495	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	23	theme	βCD	426:428	arg1	PEG-thiol					518:526	PEG-thiol	518:526	PEG-thiol (PEGSH)	518:534	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	6	24	theme	thiol-norbornene	1056:1071	arg1	reaction					1084:1091	thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction	1056:1091	thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction	1056:1091	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	1	25	theme	modified	172:179	arg1	cyclodextrin					181:192	modified cyclodextrin	172:192	modified cyclodextrin (CD)	172:197	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	25	theme	modified	172:179	arg1	CD					195:196	CD	195:196	CD	195:196	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	3	26	theme	thiol-ene	639:647	arg1	reactions					660:668	radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions	622:668	radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions	622:668	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels were prepared using radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions.
25996903	7	27	theme	hydrophobic	1225:1235	arg1	molecule					1237:1244	an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule	1189:1244	an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule	1189:1244	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	7	27	theme	hydrophobic	1225:1235	arg1	curcumin					1179:1186	curcumin	1179:1186	curcumin	1179:1186	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	6	28	theme	macromer	1154:1161	arg1	contents					1163:1170	equivalent macromer contents	1143:1170	equivalent macromer contents	1143:1170	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	6	29	theme	thiol-allylether	1028:1043	arg1	hydrogels					1045:1053	thiol-allylether hydrogels	1028:1053	thiol-allylether hydrogels	1028:1053	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	0	30	theme	Photoclick	0:9	arg1	Hydrogels					11:19	Photoclick Hydrogels	0:19	Photoclick Hydrogels	0:19	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	10	31	theme	compositions	1885:1896	arg1	impact					1861:1866	the profound impact	1848:1866	the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1848:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	5	32	theme	types	895:899	arg1	properties					871:880	the properties	867:880	the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility	867:1011	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	10	33	link	cross-linked	1948:1959	arg1	hydrogels					1961:1969	chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1937:1969	chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1937:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	7	34	theme	drug	1366:1369	arg1	efficiency					1379:1388	higher drug loading efficiency	1359:1388	higher drug loading efficiency	1359:1388	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	4	35	theme	thiol-allylether	685:700	arg1	hydrogels					702:710	thiol-allylether hydrogels	685:710	thiol-allylether hydrogels	685:710	Specifically, thiol-allylether hydrogels were formed by reacting multiarm PEGSH and βCD-AE, and thiol-norbornene hydrogels were formed by cross-linking βCD-SH and multiarm PEGNB.
25996903	7	36	theme	pure	1324:1327	arg1	hydrogels					1339:1347	pure PEG-based hydrogels	1324:1347	pure PEG-based hydrogels	1324:1347	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	6	37	theme	equivalent	1143:1152	arg1	contents					1163:1170	equivalent macromer contents	1143:1170	equivalent macromer contents	1143:1170	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	1	38	theme	cytocompatible	259:272	arg1	molecule					286:293	a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule	257:293	a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs	257:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	38	theme	cytocompatible	259:272	arg1	CD					251:252	CD	251:252	CD	251:252	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	0	39	theme	in	111:112	arg1	Encapsulation					124:136	in Situ Cell Encapsulation	111:136	in Situ Cell Encapsulation	111:136	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	8	40	theme	in	1494:1495	arg1	encapsulation					1502:1514	in situ encapsulation	1494:1514	in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1494:1559	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	5	41	theme	thiol-ene	904:912	arg1	hydrogels					914:922	thiol-ene hydrogels	904:922	thiol-ene hydrogels	904:922	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	10	42	from	fate	1929:1932	arg1	hydrogels					1961:1969	chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1937:1969	chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1937:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	7	43	theme	PEG-based	1329:1337	arg1	hydrogels					1339:1347	pure PEG-based hydrogels	1324:1347	pure PEG-based hydrogels	1324:1347	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	10	44	theme	cell	1721:1724	arg1	proliferation					1726:1738	enhanced cell proliferation	1712:1738	enhanced cell proliferation	1712:1738	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	1	45	theme	amphiphilic	274:284	arg1	molecule					286:293	a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule	257:293	a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs	257:346	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	45	theme	amphiphilic	274:284	arg1	CD					251:252	CD	251:252	CD	251:252	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	46	from	applications	234:245	arg1	useful					210:215	useful	210:215	useful	210:215	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	10	47	theme	cross-linked	1948:1959	arg1	hydrogels					1961:1969	chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1937:1969	chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1937:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	10	48	theme	gelation	1902:1909	arg1	chemistry					1911:1919	gelation chemistry	1902:1919	gelation chemistry	1902:1919	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	2	49	theme	thiol-ene	386:394	arg1	hydrogels					396:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels	367:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB)	367:562	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	50	theme	ethylene	439:446	arg1	poly					434:437	poly	434:437	poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)	434:460	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	2	50	theme	ethylene	439:446	arg1	glycol					448:453	ethylene glycol	439:453	ethylene glycol	439:453	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	0	51	theme	Functionalized	35:48	arg1	Cyclodextrin					50:61	Functionalized Cyclodextrin	35:61	Functionalized Cyclodextrin	35:61	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	5	52	theme	hydrolytic	969:978	arg1	stability					980:988	hydrolytic stability	969:988	hydrolytic stability	969:988	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	2	53	theme	photoclick	375:384	arg1	hydrogels					396:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels	367:404	modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB)	367:562	Here, we designed modular photoclick thiol-ene hydrogels from derivatives of βCD and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), including βCD-allylether (βCD-AE), βCD-thiol (βCD-SH), PEG-thiol (PEGSH), and PEG-norbornene (PEGNB).
25996903	8	54	theme	radical	1519:1525	arg1	β-cells					1553:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	7	55	theme	anti-inflammatory	1192:1208	arg1	molecule					1237:1244	an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule	1189:1244	an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule	1189:1244	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	7	55	theme	anti-inflammatory	1192:1208	arg1	curcumin					1179:1186	curcumin	1179:1186	curcumin	1179:1186	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	1	56	contain	containing	161:170	arg1	Polymers					139:146	Polymers	139:146	Polymers	139:146	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	56	contain	containing	161:170	arg2	CD					195:196	CD	195:196	CD	195:196	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	1	56	contain	containing	161:170	arg2	cyclodextrin					181:192	modified cyclodextrin	172:192	modified cyclodextrin (CD)	172:197	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	4	57	theme	thiol-norbornene	767:782	arg1	hydrogels					784:792	thiol-norbornene hydrogels	767:792	thiol-norbornene hydrogels	767:792	Specifically, thiol-allylether hydrogels were formed by reacting multiarm PEGSH and βCD-AE, and thiol-norbornene hydrogels were formed by cross-linking βCD-SH and multiarm PEGNB.
25996903	6	58	theme	gelation	1122:1129	arg1	kinetics					1131:1138	faster gelation kinetics	1115:1138	faster gelation kinetics	1115:1138	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	0	59	theme	Cell	119:122	arg1	Encapsulation					124:136	in Situ Cell Encapsulation	111:136	in Situ Cell Encapsulation	111:136	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	8	60	dep	in	1494:1495	arg1	situ					1497:1500	situ	1497:1500	situ	1497:1500	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	3	61	theme	CD-PEG	578:583	arg1	hydrogels					592:600	CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels	578:600	CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels	578:600	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels were prepared using radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions.
25996903	10	62	theme	macromer	1876:1883	arg1	compositions					1885:1896	macromer compositions	1876:1896	macromer compositions	1876:1896	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	6	63	theme	faster	1115:1120	arg1	kinetics					1131:1138	faster gelation kinetics	1115:1138	faster gelation kinetics	1115:1138	Compared with thiol-allylether hydrogels, thiol-norbornene photoclick reaction formed hydrogels with faster gelation kinetics at equivalent macromer contents.
25996903	8	64	theme	hydrogels	1466:1474	arg1	Cytocompatibility					1423:1439	Cytocompatibility	1423:1439	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels	1423:1474	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	10	65	theme	chemistry	1911:1919	arg1	impact					1861:1866	the profound impact	1848:1866	the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1848:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	1	66	from	useful	210:215	arg1	applications					234:245	drug delivery applications	220:245	drug delivery applications	220:245	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	3	67	theme	hybrid	585:590	arg1	hydrogels					592:600	CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels	578:600	CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels	578:600	Two types of CD-PEG hybrid hydrogels were prepared using radical-mediated thiol-ene photoclick reactions.
25996903	4	68	theme	multiarm	736:743	arg1	PEGSH					745:749	multiarm PEGSH	736:749	multiarm PEGSH	736:749	Specifically, thiol-allylether hydrogels were formed by reacting multiarm PEGSH and βCD-AE, and thiol-norbornene hydrogels were formed by cross-linking βCD-SH and multiarm PEGNB.
25996903	7	69	theme	PEG-based	1284:1292	arg1	hydrogels					1294:1302	CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels	1268:1302	CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels	1268:1302	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	5	70	theme	gelation	935:942	arg1	kinetics					944:951	gelation kinetics	935:951	gelation kinetics	935:951	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	8	71	theme	pancreatic	1537:1546	arg1	β-cells					1553:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	8	72	theme	CD-cross-linked	1450:1464	arg1	hydrogels					1466:1474	these CD-cross-linked hydrogels	1444:1474	these CD-cross-linked hydrogels	1444:1474	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	8	73	theme	MIN6	1548:1551	arg1	β-cells					1553:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	0	74	theme	ethylene	72:79	arg1	glycol					81:86	ethylene glycol	72:86	ethylene glycol	72:86	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	0	74	theme	ethylene	72:79	arg1	Poly					67:70	Poly	67:70	Poly(ethylene glycol)	67:87	Photoclick Hydrogels Prepared from Functionalized Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene glycol) for Drug Delivery and in Situ Cell Encapsulation.
25996903	8	75	theme	sensitive	1527:1535	arg1	β-cells					1553:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1519:1559	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	5	76	theme	gel	954:956	arg1	fractions					958:966	gel fractions	954:966	gel fractions	954:966	We characterized the properties of these two types of thiol-ene hydrogels, including gelation kinetics, gel fractions, hydrolytic stability, and cytocompatibility.
25996903	10	77	from	impact	1861:1866	arg1	fate					1929:1932	cell fate	1924:1932	cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels	1924:1969	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	7	78	theme	higher	1359:1364	arg1	efficiency					1379:1388	higher drug loading efficiency	1359:1388	higher drug loading efficiency	1359:1388	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	1	79	theme	drug	220:223	arg1	applications					234:245	drug delivery applications	220:245	drug delivery applications	220:245	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
25996903	8	80	theme	β-cells	1553:1559	arg1	encapsulation					1502:1514	in situ encapsulation	1494:1514	in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells	1494:1559	Cytocompatibility of these CD-cross-linked hydrogels were evaluated by in situ encapsulation of radical sensitive pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
25996903	7	81	theme	loading	1371:1377	arg1	efficiency					1379:1388	higher drug loading efficiency	1359:1388	higher drug loading efficiency	1359:1388	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	7	82	theme	CD-cross-linked	1268:1282	arg1	hydrogels					1294:1302	CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels	1268:1302	CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels	1268:1302	Using curcumin, an anti-inflammatory and anticancer hydrophobic molecule, we demonstrated that CD-cross-linked PEG-based hydrogels, when compared with pure PEG-based hydrogels, afforded higher drug loading efficiency and prolonged delivery in vitro.
25996903	10	83	theme	enhanced	1712:1719	arg1	proliferation					1726:1738	enhanced cell proliferation	1712:1738	enhanced cell proliferation	1712:1738	Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked by βCD-SH showed enhanced cell proliferation and insulin secretion as compared to gels cross-linked by either dithiothreitol (DTT) or βCD-AE, suggesting the profound impact of both macromer compositions and gelation chemistry on cell fate in chemically cross-linked hydrogels.
25996903	1	84	theme	delivery	225:232	arg1	applications					234:245	drug delivery applications	220:245	drug delivery applications	220:245	Polymers or hydrogels containing modified cyclodextrin (CD) are highly useful in drug delivery applications, as CD is a cytocompatible amphiphilic molecule that can complex with a variety of hydrophobic drugs.
26407050	0	0	from	Development	17:27	arg1	Gaps					40:43	in situ Gaps	32:43	in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam	32:73	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.
26407050	10	1	theme	LD	1287:1288	arg1	Analysis					1275:1282	Analysis	1275:1282	Analysis of LD	1275:1288	Analysis of LD showed the same trends, but these were not statistically significant.
26407050	2	2	theme	µm	308:309	arg1	gap					297:299	an average gap	286:299	an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	286:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	10	3	theme	same	1301:1304	arg1	trends					1306:1311	the same trends	1297:1311	the same trends	1297:1311	Analysis of LD showed the same trends, but these were not statistically significant.
26407050	2	4	theme	Tytin	417:421	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	4	theme	Tytin	417:421	arg1	amalgam					423:429	Tytin amalgam	417:429	Tytin amalgam	417:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	11	5	theme	caries	1408:1413	arg1	progression					1415:1425	reduced secondary caries progression	1390:1425	reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps	1390:1443	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	5	6	dep	LD	706:707	arg1	The					702:704	The	702:704	The	702:704	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	4	7	theme	transversal	588:598	arg1	microradiography					623:638	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	588:638	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	588:638	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	6	8	theme	Filtek	841:846	arg1	samples					832:838	38 composite samples	819:838	38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19)	819:866	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	8	theme	Filtek	841:846	arg1	n=19					848:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	7	9	theme	materials	1011:1019	arg1	ML					983:984	ML	983:984	ML	983:984	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	7	9	theme	materials	1011:1019	arg1	LD					976:977	LD	976:977	LD	976:977	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	11	10	theme	reduced	1390:1396	arg1	progression					1415:1425	reduced secondary caries progression	1390:1425	reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps	1390:1443	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	4	11	theme	wavelength	600:609	arg1	microradiography					623:638	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	588:638	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	588:638	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	3	12	theme	%	493:493	arg1	solution					503:510	a 20% sucrose solution	489:510	a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min	489:521	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min.
26407050	2	13	with	samples	273:279	arg1	gap					297:299	an average gap	286:299	an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	286:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	8	14	theme	combined	1098:1105	arg1	p=0.036					1128:1134	p=0.036	1128:1134	p=0.036	1128:1134	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	8	14	theme	combined	1098:1105	arg1	materials					1117:1125	the combined composite materials	1094:1125	the combined composite materials (p=0.036)	1094:1135	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	1	15	from	development	129:139	arg1	gaps					154:157	gaps	154:157	gaps next to composite and amalgam	154:187	This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam.
26407050	1	15	from	development	129:139	arg1	dentin					144:149	dentin	144:149	dentin	144:149	This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam.
26407050	2	16	theme	occlusal	233:240	arg1	splint					242:247	a modified occlusal splint	222:247	a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	222:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	6	17	theme	amalgam	875:881	arg1	samples					883:889	19 amalgam samples	872:889	19 amalgam samples	872:889	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	7	18	theme	restorative	999:1009	arg1	materials					1011:1019	the three restorative materials	989:1019	the three restorative materials	989:1019	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	7	19	theme	AP-X	924:927	arg1	composite					929:937	AP-X composite	924:937	AP-X composite	924:937	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	2	20	theme	modified	224:231	arg1	splint					242:247	a modified occlusal splint	222:247	a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	222:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	6	21	theme	data	909:912	arg1	analysis					914:921	data analysis	909:921	data analysis	909:921	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	5	22	theme	restoration	729:739	arg1	materials					741:749	the three restoration materials	719:749	the three restoration materials	719:749	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	0	23	theme	Caries	10:15	arg1	Development					17:27	Secondary Caries Development	0:27	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.	0:74	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.
26407050	3	24	dep	times	438:442	arg1	day					446:448	a day	444:448	a day	444:448	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min.
26407050	5	25	theme	materials	741:749	arg1	ML					713:714	ML	713:714	ML	713:714	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	5	25	theme	materials	741:749	arg1	LD					706:707	LD	706:707	LD	706:707	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	0	26	theme	Secondary	0:8	arg1	Development					17:27	Secondary Caries Development	0:27	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.	0:74	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.
26407050	6	27	theme	composite	822:830	arg1	samples					832:838	38 composite samples	819:838	38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19)	819:866	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	27	theme	composite	822:830	arg1	n=19					848:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	27	theme	composite	822:830	arg1	n=19					862:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	28	used	used	900:903	arg2	samples					832:838	38 composite samples	819:838	38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19)	819:866	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	28	used	used	900:903	arg2	n=19					848:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	28	used	used	900:903	arg2	samples					883:889	19 amalgam samples	872:889	19 amalgam samples	872:889	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	28	used	used	900:903	arg2	n=19					862:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	4	29	theme	lesion	645:650	arg1	LD					659:660	LD	659:660	LD	659:660	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	4	29	theme	lesion	645:650	arg1	depth					652:656	lesion depth	645:656	lesion depth (LD)	645:661	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	8	30	theme	µm×vol	1080:1085	arg1	%					1086:1086	Δ=452 µm×vol%	1074:1086	Δ=452 µm×vol%	1074:1086	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	8	30	theme	µm×vol	1080:1085	arg1	ML					1070:1071	statistically significantly less ML	1037:1071	statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%)	1037:1087	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	7	31	theme	highest	953:959	arg1	values					966:971	the highest mean values	949:971	the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials	949:1019	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	2	32	theme	Supreme	370:376	arg1	composite					378:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	32	theme	Supreme	370:376	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	33	dep	materials	352:360	arg1	composite					378:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	33	dep	materials	352:360	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	33	dep	materials	352:360	arg1	composite					403:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	33	dep	materials	352:360	arg1	amalgam					423:429	Tytin amalgam	417:429	Tytin amalgam	417:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	34	theme	dentin	266:271	arg1	samples					273:279	human dentin samples	260:279	human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	260:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	11	35	dep	showed	1383:1388	arg1	compared					1445:1452	compared	1445:1452	showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model	1383:1504	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	2	36	theme	Filtek	363:368	arg1	composite					378:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	36	theme	Filtek	363:368	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	37	theme	human	260:264	arg1	samples					273:279	human dentin samples	260:279	human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	260:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	7	38	theme	LD	976:977	arg1	values					966:971	the highest mean values	949:971	the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials	949:1019	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	1	39	theme	caries	122:127	arg1	development					129:139	the secondary caries development	108:139	the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam	108:187	This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam.
26407050	2	40	contain	containing	249:258	arg1	splint					242:247	a modified occlusal splint	222:247	a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	222:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	40	contain	containing	249:258	arg2	samples					273:279	human dentin samples	260:279	human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	260:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	11	41	dep	in	1492:1493	arg1	situ					1495:1498	situ	1495:1498	situ	1495:1498	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	4	42	theme	caries	541:546	arg1	development					548:558	caries development	541:558	caries development	541:558	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	3	43	theme	sucrose	495:501	arg1	solution					503:510	a 20% sucrose solution	489:510	a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min	489:521	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min.
26407050	2	44	theme	different	342:350	arg1	composite					378:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	Filtek Supreme composite	363:386	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	44	theme	different	342:350	arg1	composite					403:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	44	theme	different	342:350	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	44	theme	different	342:350	arg1	amalgam					423:429	Tytin amalgam	417:429	Tytin amalgam	417:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	0	45	theme	in	32:33	arg1	Gaps					40:43	in situ Gaps	32:43	in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam	32:73	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.
26407050	3	46	with	splint	455:460	arg1	samples					467:473	samples	467:473	samples	467:473	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min.
26407050	11	47	theme	composite	1457:1465	arg1	materials					1467:1475	composite materials	1457:1475	composite materials tested	1457:1482	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	5	48	theme	t	794:794	arg1	tests					796:800	paired t tests	787:800	paired t tests (α=5%)	787:807	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	5	48	theme	t	794:794	arg1	%					806:806	α=5%	803:806	α=5%	803:806	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	8	49	theme	composite	1107:1115	arg1	p=0.036					1128:1134	p=0.036	1128:1134	p=0.036	1128:1134	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	8	49	theme	composite	1107:1115	arg1	materials					1117:1125	the combined composite materials	1094:1125	the combined composite materials (p=0.036)	1094:1135	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	2	50	theme	AP-X	398:401	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	50	theme	AP-X	398:401	arg1	composite					403:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	9	51	theme	µm×vol	1242:1247	arg1	%					1248:1248	Δ=515 µm×vol%	1236:1248	Δ=515 µm×vol%	1236:1248	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	9	51	theme	µm×vol	1242:1247	arg1	ML					1232:1233	higher ML	1225:1233	higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%)	1225:1249	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	6	52	dep	samples	832:838	arg1	samples					832:838	38 composite samples	819:838	38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19)	819:866	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	52	dep	samples	832:838	arg1	n=19					848:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	Filtek n=19	841:851	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	52	dep	samples	832:838	arg1	n=19					862:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	3	53	theme	20	491:492	arg1	%					493:493	%	493:493	%	493:493	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min.
26407050	9	54	theme	Δ=515	1236:1240	arg1	%					1248:1248	Δ=515 µm×vol%	1236:1248	Δ=515 µm×vol%	1236:1248	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	9	54	theme	Δ=515	1236:1240	arg1	ML					1232:1233	higher ML	1225:1233	higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%)	1225:1249	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	5	55	theme	paired	787:792	arg1	tests					796:800	paired t tests	787:800	paired t tests (α=5%)	787:807	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	5	55	theme	paired	787:792	arg1	%					806:806	α=5%	803:806	α=5%	803:806	The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α=5%).
26407050	2	56	theme	Clearfil	389:396	arg1	materials					352:360	three different materials	336:360	three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	336:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	2	56	theme	Clearfil	389:396	arg1	composite					403:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	Clearfil AP-X composite	389:411	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	9	57	theme	composite	1177:1185	arg1	materials					1187:1195	the separate composite materials	1164:1195	the separate composite materials	1164:1195	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	0	58	dep	in	32:33	arg1	situ					35:38	situ	35:38	situ	35:38	Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam.
26407050	4	59	theme	independent	611:621	arg1	microradiography					623:638	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	588:638	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	588:638	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	2	60	theme	average	289:295	arg1	gap					297:299	an average gap	286:299	an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam	286:429	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD=55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam.
26407050	1	61	theme	in	81:82	arg1	study					89:93	This in situ study	76:93	This in situ study	76:93	This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam.
26407050	4	62	theme	mineral	667:673	arg1	ML					681:682	ML	681:682	ML	681:682	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	4	62	theme	mineral	667:673	arg1	loss					675:678	mineral loss	667:678	mineral loss (ML)	667:683	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated.
26407050	9	63	theme	higher	1225:1230	arg1	%					1248:1248	Δ=515 µm×vol%	1236:1248	Δ=515 µm×vol%	1236:1248	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	9	63	theme	higher	1225:1230	arg1	ML					1232:1233	higher ML	1225:1233	higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%)	1225:1249	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	9	64	theme	AP-X	1203:1206	arg1	composite					1208:1216	only AP-X composite	1198:1216	only AP-X composite	1198:1216	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
26407050	1	65	theme	secondary	112:120	arg1	development					129:139	the secondary caries development	108:139	the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam	108:187	This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam.
26407050	11	66	theme	in	1492:1493	arg1	model					1500:1504	this in situ model	1487:1504	this in situ model	1487:1504	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	11	67	from	progression	1415:1425	arg1	gaps					1440:1443	gaps	1440:1443	gaps	1440:1443	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	11	67	from	progression	1415:1425	arg1	dentin					1430:1435	dentin	1430:1435	dentin	1430:1435	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	11	68	theme	secondary	1398:1406	arg1	progression					1415:1425	reduced secondary caries progression	1390:1425	reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps	1390:1443	In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.
26407050	1	69	dep	in	81:82	arg1	situ					84:87	situ	84:87	situ	84:87	This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam.
26407050	8	70	theme	less	1065:1068	arg1	%					1086:1086	Δ=452 µm×vol%	1074:1086	Δ=452 µm×vol%	1074:1086	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	8	70	theme	less	1065:1068	arg1	ML					1070:1071	statistically significantly less ML	1037:1071	statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%)	1037:1087	Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ=452 µm×vol%) than the combined composite materials (p=0.036).
26407050	6	71	theme	AP-X	857:860	arg1	samples					832:838	38 composite samples	819:838	38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19)	819:866	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	6	71	theme	AP-X	857:860	arg1	n=19					862:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	AP-X n=19	857:865	In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n=19 and AP-X n=19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis.
26407050	7	72	theme	mean	961:964	arg1	values					966:971	the highest mean values	949:971	the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials	949:1019	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	3	73	dep	day	446:448	arg1	dipped					479:484	dipped	479:484	was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min	475:521	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min.
26407050	7	74	theme	ML	983:984	arg1	values					966:971	the highest mean values	949:971	the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials	949:1019	AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials.
26407050	9	75	theme	separate	1168:1175	arg1	materials					1187:1195	the separate composite materials	1164:1195	the separate composite materials	1164:1195	When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ=515 µm×vol%) than amalgam (p=0.034).
25703680	1	0	theme	potential	181:189	arg1	attention					168:176	considerable attention	155:176	considerable attention	155:176	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	1	0	theme	potential	181:189	arg1	therapeutics					191:202	potential therapeutics	181:202	potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer	181:256	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	6	1	theme	glycosylation	939:951	arg1	triterpenoids					962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	6	1	theme	glycosylation	939:951	arg1	sites					953:957	specific glycosylation sites	930:957	specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids	930:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	2	2	theme	specialty	390:398	arg1	triterpenoids					400:412	such specialty triterpenoids	385:412	such specialty triterpenoids	385:412	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	5	3	theme	substrate	764:772	arg1	modes					782:786	the substrate binding modes	760:786	the substrate binding modes of the enzyme	760:800	Based on the product profiles and substrate docking simulations, we modeled the substrate binding modes of the enzyme.
25703680	6	4	theme	specific	930:937	arg1	triterpenoids					962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	6	4	theme	specific	930:937	arg1	sites					953:957	specific glycosylation sites	930:957	specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids	930:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	5	5	theme	product	697:703	arg1	profiles					705:712	the product profiles	693:712	the product profiles	693:712	Based on the product profiles and substrate docking simulations, we modeled the substrate binding modes of the enzyme.
25703680	4	6	with	β-glycosidase	561:573	arg1	specificity					596:606	broad substrate specificity	580:606	broad substrate specificity	580:606	A β-glycosidase with broad substrate specificity was isolated, and its crystal structure was determined at 2.0 Å resolution.
25703680	5	7	theme	binding	774:780	arg1	modes					782:786	the substrate binding modes	760:786	the substrate binding modes of the enzyme	760:800	Based on the product profiles and substrate docking simulations, we modeled the substrate binding modes of the enzyme.
25703680	6	8	theme	binding	833:839	arg1	cleft					841:845	the substrate binding cleft	819:845	the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme	819:859	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	2	9	theme	triterpenoids	400:412	arg1	synthesis					372:380	the synthesis	368:380	the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids	368:412	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	4	10	theme	crystal	630:636	arg1	structure					638:646	its crystal structure	626:646	its crystal structure	626:646	A β-glycosidase with broad substrate specificity was isolated, and its crystal structure was determined at 2.0 Å resolution.
25703680	3	11	theme	high	518:521	arg1	regiospecificity					523:538	high regiospecificity	518:538	high regiospecificity for triterpenoids	518:556	Here we present a strategy to rationally design a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoids.
25703680	3	12	with	β-glycosidase	499:511	arg1	regiospecificity					523:538	high regiospecificity	518:538	high regiospecificity for triterpenoids	518:556	Here we present a strategy to rationally design a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoids.
25703680	6	13	theme	substrate	823:831	arg1	cleft					841:845	the substrate binding cleft	819:845	the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme	819:859	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	1	14	theme	inflammatory	208:219	arg1	diseases					221:228	inflammatory diseases	208:228	inflammatory diseases	208:228	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	7	15	theme	designed	981:988	arg1	mutants					990:996	The designed mutants	977:996	The designed mutants	977:996	The designed mutants were shown to produce a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity.
25703680	0	16	theme	Rational	0:7	arg1	design					9:14	Rational design	0:14	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.	0:88	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.
25703680	6	17	theme	triterpenoids	962:974	arg1	triterpenoids					962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	6	17	theme	triterpenoids	962:974	arg1	sites					953:957	specific glycosylation sites	930:957	specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids	930:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	1	18	with	Triterpenoids	90:102	arg1	patterns					131:138	desired glycosylation patterns	109:138	desired glycosylation patterns	109:138	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	2	19	theme	other	350:354	arg1	methods					356:362	other methods	350:362	other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids	350:412	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	1	20	theme	various	234:240	arg1	types					242:246	various types	234:246	various types of cancer	234:256	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	7	21	theme	specialty	1033:1041	arg1	triterpenoids					1043:1055	specialty triterpenoids	1033:1055	specialty triterpenoids	1033:1055	The designed mutants were shown to produce a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity.
25703680	1	22	theme	glycosylation	117:129	arg1	patterns					131:138	desired glycosylation patterns	109:138	desired glycosylation patterns	109:138	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	4	23	theme	Å	670:670	arg1	resolution					672:681	2.0 Å resolution	666:681	2.0 Å resolution	666:681	A β-glycosidase with broad substrate specificity was isolated, and its crystal structure was determined at 2.0 Å resolution.
25703680	2	24	with	enzymes	277:283	arg1	specificity					305:315	high substrate specificity	290:315	high substrate specificity	290:315	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	0	25	theme	β-glycosidase	21:33	arg1	design					9:14	Rational design	0:14	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.	0:88	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.
25703680	1	26	theme	cancer	251:256	arg1	diseases					221:228	inflammatory diseases	208:228	inflammatory diseases	208:228	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	1	26	theme	cancer	251:256	arg1	types					242:246	various types	234:246	various types of cancer	234:256	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	2	27	theme	Sugar-hydrolyzing	259:275	arg1	enzymes					277:283	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes	259:283	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity	259:315	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	7	28	theme	high	1062:1065	arg1	purity					1067:1072	high purity	1062:1072	high purity	1062:1072	The designed mutants were shown to produce a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity.
25703680	2	29	theme	such	385:388	arg1	triterpenoids					400:412	such specialty triterpenoids	385:412	such specialty triterpenoids	385:412	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	0	30	theme	high	40:43	arg1	regiospecificity					45:60	high regiospecificity	40:60	high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring	40:87	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.
25703680	4	31	theme	substrate	586:594	arg1	specificity					596:606	broad substrate specificity	580:606	broad substrate specificity	580:606	A β-glycosidase with broad substrate specificity was isolated, and its crystal structure was determined at 2.0 Å resolution.
25703680	5	32	theme	substrate	718:726	arg1	simulations					736:746	substrate docking simulations	718:746	substrate docking simulations	718:746	Based on the product profiles and substrate docking simulations, we modeled the substrate binding modes of the enzyme.
25703680	0	33	with	design	9:14	arg1	regiospecificity					45:60	high regiospecificity	40:60	high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring	40:87	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.
25703680	4	34	theme	broad	580:584	arg1	specificity					596:606	broad substrate specificity	580:606	broad substrate specificity	580:606	A β-glycosidase with broad substrate specificity was isolated, and its crystal structure was determined at 2.0 Å resolution.
25703680	5	35	theme	docking	728:734	arg1	simulations					736:746	substrate docking simulations	718:746	substrate docking simulations	718:746	Based on the product profiles and substrate docking simulations, we modeled the substrate binding modes of the enzyme.
25703680	7	36	theme	triterpenoids	1043:1055	arg1	variety					1022:1028	a variety	1020:1028	a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity	1020:1072	The designed mutants were shown to produce a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity.
25703680	7	36	theme	triterpenoids	1043:1055	arg1	triterpenoids					1043:1055	specialty triterpenoids	1033:1055	specialty triterpenoids	1033:1055	The designed mutants were shown to produce a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity.
25703680	1	37	theme	desired	109:115	arg1	patterns					131:138	desired glycosylation patterns	109:138	desired glycosylation patterns	109:138	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	6	38	theme	enzyme	854:859	arg1	cleft					841:845	the substrate binding cleft	819:845	the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme	819:859	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	1	39	theme	considerable	155:166	arg1	attention					168:176	considerable attention	155:176	considerable attention	155:176	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	1	39	theme	considerable	155:166	arg1	therapeutics					191:202	potential therapeutics	181:202	potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer	181:256	Triterpenoids with desired glycosylation patterns have attracted considerable attention as potential therapeutics for inflammatory diseases and various types of cancer.
25703680	0	40	theme	triterpenoid	66:77	arg1	tailoring					79:87	triterpenoid tailoring	66:87	triterpenoid tailoring	66:87	Rational design of a β-glycosidase with high regiospecificity for triterpenoid tailoring.
25703680	6	41	gly	glycosylation	939:951	arg2	triterpenoids					962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	6	41	gly	glycosylation	939:951	arg1	triterpenoids					962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	triterpenoids	962:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	6	41	gly	glycosylation	939:951	arg2	sites					953:957	specific glycosylation sites	930:957	specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids	930:974	From the model, the substrate binding cleft of the enzyme was redesigned in a manner that preferentially hydrolyzes glycans at specific glycosylation sites of triterpenoids.
25703680	2	42	theme	substrate	295:303	arg1	specificity					305:315	high substrate specificity	290:315	high substrate specificity	290:315	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
25703680	7	43	with	variety	1022:1028	arg1	purity					1067:1072	high purity	1062:1072	high purity	1062:1072	The designed mutants were shown to produce a variety of specialty triterpenoids with high purity.
25703680	5	44	theme	enzyme	795:800	arg1	modes					782:786	the substrate binding modes	760:786	the substrate binding modes of the enzyme	760:800	Based on the product profiles and substrate docking simulations, we modeled the substrate binding modes of the enzyme.
25703680	2	45	theme	high	290:293	arg1	specificity					305:315	high substrate specificity	290:315	high substrate specificity	290:315	Sugar-hydrolyzing enzymes with high substrate specificity would be far more efficient than other methods for the synthesis of such specialty triterpenoids, but they are yet to be developed.
27503828	1	0	theme	skin	339:342	arg1	healing					350:356	full-thickness skin wound healing	324:356	full-thickness skin wound healing	324:356	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	8	1	with	skin	1180:1183	arg1	cells					1214:1218	well-arranged epidermal cells	1190:1218	well-arranged epidermal cells	1190:1218	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	2	2	theme	Decellularized	359:372	arg1	powder					406:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder	359:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder	359:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	1	3	theme	porcine	253:259	arg1	skin					261:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	0	4	theme	Composite	77:85	arg1	Gel					87:89	a Novel Composite Gel	69:89	a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	69:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	1	5	theme	wound	344:348	arg1	healing					350:356	full-thickness skin wound healing	324:356	full-thickness skin wound healing	324:356	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	4	6	theme	nude	665:668	arg1	mice					670:673	nude mice	665:673	nude mice	665:673	The effect of the gel in regeneration of full-thickness wounds was studied in nude mice.
27503828	9	7	theme	human	1342:1346	arg1	cells					1348:1352	human cells	1342:1352	human cells	1342:1352	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	0	8	theme	Porcine	94:100	arg1	Matrix					119:124	Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	94:157	Matrix	119:124	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	9	9	theme	acute	1449:1453	arg1	wounds					1472:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	8	10	theme	dermis	1272:1277	arg1	structure					1241:1249	bilayer structure	1233:1249	bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis	1233:1277	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	5	11	theme	wound	711:715	arg1	closure					717:723	significantly accelerated wound closure	685:723	significantly accelerated wound closure	685:723	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	6	12	theme	vessels	939:945	arg1	presence					962:969	the presence	958:969	marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels	909:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	6	12	theme	vessels	939:945	arg1	increase					916:923	marked increase	909:923	marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels	909:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	8	13	theme	epidermis	1258:1266	arg1	structure					1241:1249	bilayer structure	1233:1249	bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis	1233:1277	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	9	14	theme	promising	1373:1381	arg1	gel					1324:1326	porcine skin ECM gel	1307:1326	porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells	1307:1352	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	9	14	theme	promising	1373:1381	arg1	biomaterial					1383:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial	1361:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds	1361:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	1	15	theme	human	270:274	arg1	hPBMCs					312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	15	theme	human	270:274	arg1	cells					305:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells	270:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	270:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	0	16	theme	Dermal	112:117	arg1	Matrix					119:124	Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	94:157	Matrix	119:124	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	5	17	theme	untreated	804:812	arg1	controls					842:849	untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls	804:849	untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05)	804:860	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	5	17	theme	untreated	804:812	arg1	p < 0.05					852:859	p < 0.05	852:859	p < 0.05	852:859	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	6	18	theme	human	974:978	arg1	vessels					986:992	human blood vessels	974:992	human blood vessels	974:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	9	19	theme	novel	1363:1367	arg1	gel					1324:1326	porcine skin ECM gel	1307:1326	porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells	1307:1352	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	9	19	theme	novel	1363:1367	arg1	biomaterial					1383:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial	1361:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds	1361:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	4	20	theme	full-thickness	628:641	arg1	wounds					643:648	full-thickness wounds	628:648	full-thickness wounds	628:648	The effect of the gel in regeneration of full-thickness wounds was studied in nude mice.
27503828	0	21	theme	Acellular	102:110	arg1	Matrix					119:124	Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	94:157	Matrix	119:124	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	1	22	from	cells	305:309	arg1	gel					212:214	a novel composite gel	194:214	a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	194:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	22	from	cells	305:309	arg1	fabrication					179:189	the fabrication	175:189	the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing	175:356	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	3	23	theme	hyaluronic	537:546	arg1	acid					548:551	hyaluronic acid	537:551	hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG)	537:584	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	1	24	from	skin	261:264	arg1	gel					212:214	a novel composite gel	194:214	a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	194:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	24	from	skin	261:264	arg1	fabrication					179:189	the fabrication	175:189	the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing	175:356	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	6	25	theme	blood	980:984	arg1	vessels					986:992	human blood vessels	974:992	human blood vessels	974:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	6	26	theme	blood	933:937	arg1	vessels					939:945	host blood vessels	928:945	host blood vessels	928:945	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	3	27	theme	pig	567:569	arg1	PSG					581:583	PSG	581:583	PSG	581:583	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	3	27	theme	pig	567:569	arg1	gel					576:578	a pig skin gel	565:578	a pig skin gel (PSG)	565:584	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	8	28	theme	new	1176:1178	arg1	skin					1180:1183	new skin	1176:1183	new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells	1176:1218	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	6	29	theme	hPBMCs	879:884	arg1	Addition					863:870	Addition	863:870	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel	863:895	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	1	30	theme	peripheral	276:285	arg1	hPBMCs					312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	30	theme	peripheral	276:285	arg1	cells					305:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells	270:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	270:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	3	31	theme	skin	571:574	arg1	PSG					581:583	PSG	581:583	PSG	581:583	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	3	31	theme	skin	571:574	arg1	gel					576:578	a pig skin gel	565:578	a pig skin gel (PSG)	565:584	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	5	32	theme	accelerated	699:709	arg1	closure					717:723	significantly accelerated wound closure	685:723	significantly accelerated wound closure	685:723	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	2	33	theme	matrix	393:398	arg1	powder					406:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder	359:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder	359:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	1	34	theme	blood	287:291	arg1	hPBMCs					312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	34	theme	blood	287:291	arg1	cells					305:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells	270:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	270:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	8	35	dep	epidermis	1258:1266	arg1	the					1254:1256	the	1254:1256	the	1254:1256	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	4	36	theme	gel	605:607	arg1	effect					591:596	The effect	587:596	The effect of the gel in regeneration of full-thickness wounds	587:648	The effect of the gel in regeneration of full-thickness wounds was studied in nude mice.
27503828	0	37	theme	Wound	26:30	arg1	Healing					32:38	Wound Healing	26:38	Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	26:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	1	38	theme	mononuclear	293:303	arg1	hPBMCs					312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	38	theme	mononuclear	293:303	arg1	cells					305:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells	270:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	270:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	0	39	theme	Matrix	119:124	arg1	Gel					87:89	a Novel Composite Gel	69:89	a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	69:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	9	40	theme	chronic	1459:1465	arg1	wounds					1472:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	3	41	theme	culture	511:517	arg1	medium					519:524	culture medium	511:524	culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG)	511:584	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	0	42	theme	Full-Thickness	43:56	arg1	Skin					58:61	Full-Thickness Skin	43:61	Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	43:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	0	43	theme	Peripheral	136:145	arg1	Cells					153:157	Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	94:157	Cells	153:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	6	44	theme	vessels	986:992	arg1	presence					962:969	the presence	958:969	marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels	909:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	6	44	theme	vessels	986:992	arg1	increase					916:923	marked increase	909:923	marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels	909:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	8	45	theme	skin	1180:1183	arg1	generation					1162:1171	generation	1162:1171	generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells	1162:1218	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	4	46	theme	wounds	643:648	arg1	regeneration					612:623	regeneration	612:623	regeneration of full-thickness wounds	612:648	The effect of the gel in regeneration of full-thickness wounds was studied in nude mice.
27503828	1	47	theme	novel	196:200	arg1	gel					212:214	a novel composite gel	194:214	a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	194:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	5	48	theme	acid-treated	829:840	arg1	controls					842:849	untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls	804:849	untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05)	804:860	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	5	48	theme	acid-treated	829:840	arg1	p < 0.05					852:859	p < 0.05	852:859	p < 0.05	852:859	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	6	49	theme	marked	909:914	arg1	increase					916:923	marked increase	909:923	marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels	909:992	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	0	50	theme	Human	130:134	arg1	Cells					153:157	Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	94:157	Cells	153:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	8	51	theme	epidermal	1204:1212	arg1	cells					1214:1218	well-arranged epidermal cells	1190:1218	well-arranged epidermal cells	1190:1218	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	1	52	theme	composite	202:210	arg1	gel					212:214	a novel composite gel	194:214	a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	194:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	7	53	from	wounds	1026:1031	arg1	animals					1036:1042	animals	1036:1042	animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs	1036:1080	At day 25, histologically, the wounds in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs were completely closed compared to those of controls.
27503828	3	54	contain	containing	526:535	arg2	acid					548:551	hyaluronic acid	537:551	hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG)	537:584	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	3	54	contain	containing	526:535	arg1	medium					519:524	culture medium	511:524	culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG)	511:584	The powder was mixed with culture medium containing hyaluronic acid to generate a pig skin gel (PSG).
27503828	0	55	theme	Cells	153:157	arg1	Gel					87:89	a Novel Composite Gel	69:89	a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	69:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	6	56	theme	host	928:931	arg1	vessels					939:945	host blood vessels	928:945	host blood vessels	928:945	Addition of the hPBMCs to the gel resulted in marked increase of host blood vessels as well as the presence of human blood vessels.
27503828	0	57	theme	Skin	58:61	arg1	Healing					32:38	Wound Healing	26:38	Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	26:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	0	58	theme	Blood	147:151	arg1	Cells					153:157	Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	94:157	Cells	153:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	9	59	with	patients	1435:1442	arg1	wounds					1472:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	9	60	theme	porcine	1307:1313	arg1	gel					1324:1326	porcine skin ECM gel	1307:1326	porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells	1307:1352	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	9	60	theme	porcine	1307:1313	arg1	biomaterial					1383:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial	1361:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds	1361:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	8	61	theme	bilayer	1233:1239	arg1	structure					1241:1249	bilayer structure	1233:1249	bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis	1233:1277	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	9	62	theme	skin	1315:1318	arg1	gel					1324:1326	porcine skin ECM gel	1307:1326	porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells	1307:1352	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	9	62	theme	skin	1315:1318	arg1	biomaterial					1383:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial	1361:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds	1361:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	1	63	theme	gel	212:214	arg1	fabrication					179:189	the fabrication	175:189	the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing	175:356	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	9	64	theme	skin	1467:1470	arg1	wounds					1472:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	acute and chronic skin wounds	1449:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	2	65	theme	skin	374:377	arg1	ECM					401:403	ECM	401:403	ECM	401:403	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	2	65	theme	skin	374:377	arg1	matrix					393:398	skin extracellular matrix	374:398	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder	359:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	9	66	theme	ECM	1320:1322	arg1	gel					1324:1326	porcine skin ECM gel	1307:1326	porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells	1307:1352	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	9	66	theme	ECM	1320:1322	arg1	biomaterial					1383:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial	1361:1393	a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds	1361:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	0	67	theme	Novel	71:75	arg1	Gel					87:89	a Novel Composite Gel	69:89	a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells	69:157	Significantly Accelerated Wound Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Using a Novel Composite Gel of Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix and Human Peripheral Blood Cells.
27503828	5	68	theme	hyaluronic	818:827	arg1	controls					842:849	untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls	804:849	untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05)	804:860	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	5	68	theme	hyaluronic	818:827	arg1	p < 0.05					852:859	p < 0.05	852:859	p < 0.05	852:859	We found significantly accelerated wound closure already on day 15 in animals treated with PSG only or PSG + hPBMCs compared to untreated and hyaluronic acid-treated controls (p < 0.05).
27503828	8	69	theme	well-arranged	1190:1202	arg1	cells					1214:1218	well-arranged epidermal cells	1190:1218	well-arranged epidermal cells	1190:1218	Thus, the gel facilitated generation of new skin with well-arranged epidermal cells and restored bilayer structure of the epidermis and dermis.
27503828	1	70	from	fabrication	179:189	arg1	skin					261:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	70	from	fabrication	179:189	arg1	cells					305:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells	270:309	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs)	270:318	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	1	70	from	fabrication	179:189	arg1	hPBMCs					312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	hPBMCs	312:317	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	2	71	theme	extracellular	379:391	arg1	ECM					401:403	ECM	401:403	ECM	401:403	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	2	71	theme	extracellular	379:391	arg1	matrix					393:398	skin extracellular matrix	374:398	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder	359:411	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	9	72	theme	medical	1399:1405	arg1	applications					1407:1418	medical applications	1399:1418	medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds	1399:1477	These results suggest that porcine skin ECM gel together with human cells may be a novel and promising biomaterial for medical applications especially for patients with acute and chronic skin wounds.
27503828	1	73	theme	decellularized	221:234	arg1	skin					261:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	4	74	from	effect	591:596	arg1	regeneration					612:623	regeneration	612:623	regeneration of full-thickness wounds	612:648	The effect of the gel in regeneration of full-thickness wounds was studied in nude mice.
27503828	1	75	theme	full-thickness	324:337	arg1	healing					350:356	full-thickness skin wound healing	324:356	full-thickness skin wound healing	324:356	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27503828	2	76	theme	chemical	430:437	arg1	treatment					439:447	chemical treatment	430:447	chemical treatment	430:447	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	2	77	theme	freeze	450:455	arg1	drying					457:462	freeze drying	450:462	freeze drying	450:462	Decellularized skin extracellular matrix (ECM) powder was prepared via chemical treatment, freeze drying, and homogenization.
27503828	1	78	theme	gal-gal-knockout	236:251	arg1	skin					261:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin	221:264	Here we report the fabrication of a novel composite gel from decellularized gal-gal-knockout porcine skin and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) for full-thickness skin wound healing.
27987737	6	0	theme	size	948:951	arg1	PSA					963:965	PSA	963:965	PSA	963:965	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	0	theme	size	948:951	arg1	analysis					953:960	the particle size analysis	935:960	the particle size analysis (PSA)	935:966	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	0	theme	size	948:951	arg1	diffractometry					975:988	X-ray diffractometry	969:988	X-ray diffractometry (XRD)	969:994	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	4	1	theme	Fe2+	564:567	arg1	ions					569:572	the Fe2+ ions	560:572	the Fe2+ ions	560:572	First, the effect of the Fe2+ ions in the system was investigated.
27987737	3	2	theme	Fe1-xMnxFe2O4	490:502	arg1	formula					479:485	the general formula	467:485	the general formula of Fe1-xMnxFe2O4	467:502	In current research, the MNPs were synthesized with the general formula of Fe1-xMnxFe2O4 by the co-precipitation technique.
27987737	9	3	from	release	1390:1396	arg1	pH=7.4					1401:1406	pH=7.4	1401:1406	pH=7.4	1401:1406	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	4	theme	tumor	1491:1495	arg1	environment					1504:1514	the tumor tissue environment	1487:1514	the tumor tissue environment	1487:1514	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	10	5	theme	novel	1606:1610	arg1	system					1629:1634	a novel pH sensitive MNP system	1604:1634	a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy	1604:1692	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	10	5	theme	novel	1606:1610	arg1	system					1594:1599	this specific system	1580:1599	this specific system	1580:1599	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	8	6	with	%	1275:1275	arg1	value					1300:1304	the magnetization value	1282:1304	the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g	1282:1317	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	0	7	theme	methotrexate	103:114	arg1	delivery					91:98	pH-sensitive delivery	78:98	pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate	78:114	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	9	8	theme	release	1390:1396	arg1	release					1390:1396	the drug release	1381:1396	the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment)	1381:1452	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	8	theme	release	1390:1396	arg1	%					1460:1460	25%	1458:1460	25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h	1458:1525	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	8	theme	release	1390:1396	arg1	%					1376:1376	only 6%	1370:1376	only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment)	1370:1452	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	5	9	theme	first	641:645	arg1	anhydride					615:623	Succinic anhydride	606:623	Succinic anhydride	606:623	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	9	theme	first	641:645	arg1	stabilizer					647:656	the first stabilizer	637:656	the first stabilizer	637:656	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	1	10	theme	good	273:276	arg1	candidates					278:287	good candidates	273:287	good candidates for biomedical applications	273:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	5	11	theme	Polyethylene	765:776	arg1	Chitosan					793:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan	751:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA)	751:812	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	11	theme	Polyethylene	765:776	arg1	Cs-PEG-PA					803:811	Cs-PEG-PA	803:811	Cs-PEG-PA	803:811	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	3	12	theme	general	471:477	arg1	formula					479:485	the general formula	467:485	the general formula of Fe1-xMnxFe2O4	467:502	In current research, the MNPs were synthesized with the general formula of Fe1-xMnxFe2O4 by the co-precipitation technique.
27987737	9	13	theme	environment	1504:1514	arg1	model					1478:1482	a model	1476:1482	a model of the tumor tissue environment	1476:1514	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	14	from	pH=7.4	1401:1406	arg1	release					1390:1396	the drug release	1381:1396	the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment)	1381:1452	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	14	from	pH=7.4	1401:1406	arg1	%					1460:1460	25%	1458:1460	25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h	1458:1525	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	14	from	pH=7.4	1401:1406	arg1	%					1376:1376	only 6%	1370:1376	only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment)	1370:1452	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	3	15	theme	co-precipitation	511:526	arg1	technique					528:536	the co-precipitation technique	507:536	the co-precipitation technique	507:536	In current research, the MNPs were synthesized with the general formula of Fe1-xMnxFe2O4 by the co-precipitation technique.
27987737	2	16	theme	targeted	383:390	arg1	systems					406:412	targeted drug delivery systems	383:412	targeted drug delivery systems	383:412	Due to their response to the magnetic field, they can be used in targeted drug delivery systems.
27987737	4	17	theme	ions	569:572	arg1	effect					550:555	the effect	546:555	the effect of the Fe2+ ions in the system	546:586	First, the effect of the Fe2+ ions in the system was investigated.
27987737	5	18	theme	Succinic	606:613	arg1	anhydride					615:623	Succinic anhydride	606:623	Succinic anhydride	606:623	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	18	theme	Succinic	606:613	arg1	stabilizer					647:656	the first stabilizer	637:656	the first stabilizer	637:656	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	4	19	from	effect	550:555	arg1	system					581:586	the system	577:586	the system	577:586	First, the effect of the Fe2+ ions in the system was investigated.
27987737	1	20	theme	major	187:191	arg1	class					193:197	the major class	183:197	the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications	183:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	1	20	theme	major	187:191	arg1	nanoparticles					158:170	Magnetic nanoparticles	149:170	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)	149:177	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	5	21	theme	glycol-grafted	778:791	arg1	Chitosan					793:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan	751:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA)	751:812	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	21	theme	glycol-grafted	778:791	arg1	Cs-PEG-PA					803:811	Cs-PEG-PA	803:811	Cs-PEG-PA	803:811	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	22	theme	Polyethylene	721:732	arg1	glycol					734:739	Polyethylene glycol	721:739	Polyethylene glycol (PEG)	721:745	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	22	theme	Polyethylene	721:732	arg1	PEG					742:744	PEG	742:744	PEG	742:744	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	6	23	dep	transform	1005:1013	arg1	infrared					1015:1022	infrared	1015:1022	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	1005:1082	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	0	24	theme	Pegylated	0:8	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	24	theme	Pegylated	0:8	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	24	theme	Pegylated	0:8	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	6	25	theme	particle	939:946	arg1	PSA					963:965	PSA	963:965	PSA	963:965	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	25	theme	particle	939:946	arg1	analysis					953:960	the particle size analysis	935:960	the particle size analysis (PSA)	935:966	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	25	theme	particle	939:946	arg1	diffractometry					975:988	X-ray diffractometry	969:988	X-ray diffractometry (XRD)	969:994	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	26	dep	Fourier	997:1003	arg1	transform					1005:1013	transform	1005:1013	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	1005:1082	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	3	27	theme	current	418:424	arg1	research					426:433	current research	418:433	current research	418:433	In current research, the MNPs were synthesized with the general formula of Fe1-xMnxFe2O4 by the co-precipitation technique.
27987737	0	28	theme	Chitosan	26:33	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	28	theme	Chitosan	26:33	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	28	theme	Chitosan	26:33	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	10	29	dep	novel	1606:1610	arg1	sensitive					1615:1623	sensitive	1615:1623	sensitive	1615:1623	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	8	30	theme	encapsulation	1231:1243	arg1	%					1275:1275	as high as 92.8%	1260:1275	as high as 92.8%	1260:1275	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	8	30	theme	encapsulation	1231:1243	arg1	efficiency					1245:1254	The drug encapsulation efficiency	1222:1254	The drug encapsulation efficiency	1222:1254	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	1	31	theme	nanoparticles	202:214	arg1	class					193:197	the major class	183:197	the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications	183:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	1	31	theme	nanoparticles	202:214	arg1	nanoparticles					158:170	Magnetic nanoparticles	149:170	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)	149:177	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	0	32	theme	amphiphilic	14:24	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	32	theme	amphiphilic	14:24	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	32	theme	amphiphilic	14:24	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	1	33	theme	biomedical	293:302	arg1	applications					304:315	biomedical applications	293:315	biomedical applications	293:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	9	34	theme	drug	1385:1388	arg1	release					1390:1396	the drug release	1381:1396	the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment)	1381:1452	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	35	from	%	1376:1376	arg1	pH=7.4					1401:1406	pH=7.4	1401:1406	pH=7.4	1401:1406	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	35	from	%	1376:1376	arg1	pH=5.4					1465:1470	pH=5.4	1465:1470	pH=5.4	1465:1470	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	7	36	theme	common	1159:1164	arg1	methotrexate					1134:1145	methotrexate	1134:1145	methotrexate (MTX)	1134:1151	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	7	36	theme	common	1159:1164	arg1	drug					1177:1180	as a common anticancer drug	1154:1180	as a common anticancer drug	1154:1180	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	9	37	theme	release	1333:1339	arg1	pattern					1341:1347	The in-vitro release pattern	1320:1347	The in-vitro release pattern	1320:1347	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	8	38	theme	drug	1226:1229	arg1	%					1275:1275	as high as 92.8%	1260:1275	as high as 92.8%	1260:1275	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	8	38	theme	drug	1226:1229	arg1	efficiency					1245:1254	The drug encapsulation efficiency	1222:1254	The drug encapsulation efficiency	1222:1254	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	0	39	theme	manganese	42:50	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	39	theme	manganese	42:50	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	39	theme	manganese	42:50	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	9	40	theme	physiological	1427:1439	arg1	environment					1441:1451	the physiological environment	1423:1451	the physiological environment	1423:1451	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	7	41	theme	MNPs	1128:1131	arg1	properties					1114:1123	the well-defined properties	1097:1123	the well-defined properties of MNPs	1097:1131	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	10	42	theme	tumor	1657:1661	arg1	tissues					1663:1669	tumor tissues	1657:1669	tumor tissues	1657:1669	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	0	43	dep	nanoparticles	60:72	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	43	dep	nanoparticles	60:72	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	43	dep	nanoparticles	60:72	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	9	44	from	%	1460:1460	arg1	pH=7.4					1401:1406	pH=7.4	1401:1406	pH=7.4	1401:1406	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	44	from	%	1460:1460	arg1	pH=5.4					1465:1470	pH=5.4	1465:1470	pH=5.4	1465:1470	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	2	45	theme	delivery	397:404	arg1	systems					406:412	targeted drug delivery systems	383:412	targeted drug delivery systems	383:412	Due to their response to the magnetic field, they can be used in targeted drug delivery systems.
27987737	0	46	theme	coated	35:40	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	46	theme	coated	35:40	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	46	theme	coated	35:40	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	8	47	theme	magnetization	1286:1298	arg1	value					1300:1304	the magnetization value	1282:1304	the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g	1282:1317	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	2	48	theme	drug	392:395	arg1	systems					406:412	targeted drug delivery systems	383:412	targeted drug delivery systems	383:412	Due to their response to the magnetic field, they can be used in targeted drug delivery systems.
27987737	5	49	theme	palmitoylated	751:763	arg1	Chitosan					793:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan	751:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA)	751:812	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	49	theme	palmitoylated	751:763	arg1	Cs-PEG-PA					803:811	Cs-PEG-PA	803:811	Cs-PEG-PA	803:811	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	6	50	theme	NPs	912:914	arg1	structure					875:883	structure	875:883	structure	875:883	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	50	theme	NPs	912:914	arg1	properties					898:907	magnetic properties	889:907	magnetic properties	889:907	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	50	theme	NPs	912:914	arg1	size					869:872	size	869:872	size	869:872	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	50	theme	NPs	912:914	arg1	composition					856:866	composition	856:866	composition	856:866	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	1	51	with	class	193:197	arg1	properties					247:256	specific functional properties	227:256	specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications	227:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	10	52	from	targeting	1644:1652	arg1	chemotherapy					1681:1692	cancer chemotherapy	1674:1692	cancer chemotherapy	1674:1692	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	8	53	theme	19.7emu/g	1309:1317	arg1	value					1300:1304	the magnetization value	1282:1304	the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g	1282:1317	The drug encapsulation efficiency was as high as 92.8% with the magnetization value of 19.7emu/g.
27987737	6	54	theme	sample	1058:1063	arg1	VSM					1079:1081	VSM	1079:1081	VSM	1079:1081	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	54	theme	sample	1058:1063	arg1	magnetometer					1065:1076	vibrating sample magnetometer	1048:1076	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	1048:1082	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	2	55	theme	magnetic	347:354	arg1	field					356:360	the magnetic field	343:360	the magnetic field	343:360	Due to their response to the magnetic field, they can be used in targeted drug delivery systems.
27987737	0	56	theme	ferrite	52:58	arg1	characterization					131:146	characterization	131:146	characterization	131:146	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	56	theme	ferrite	52:58	arg1	Synthesis					117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Synthesis	117:125	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	0	56	theme	ferrite	52:58	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles	0:72	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.	0:147	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	9	57	theme	tissue	1497:1502	arg1	environment					1504:1514	the tumor tissue environment	1487:1514	the tumor tissue environment	1487:1514	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	9	58	theme	environment	1441:1451	arg1	model					1414:1418	a model	1412:1418	a model of the physiological environment	1412:1451	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	10	59	theme	specific	1585:1592	arg1	system					1629:1634	a novel pH sensitive MNP system	1604:1634	a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy	1604:1692	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	10	59	theme	specific	1585:1592	arg1	system					1594:1599	this specific system	1580:1599	this specific system	1580:1599	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	10	60	theme	MNP	1625:1627	arg1	system					1629:1634	a novel pH sensitive MNP system	1604:1634	a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy	1604:1692	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	10	60	theme	MNP	1625:1627	arg1	system					1594:1599	this specific system	1580:1599	this specific system	1580:1599	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	10	61	theme	MTX	1640:1642	arg1	targeting					1644:1652	MTX targeting	1640:1652	MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy	1640:1692	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	6	62	theme	X-ray	969:973	arg1	analysis					953:960	the particle size analysis	935:960	the particle size analysis (PSA)	935:966	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	62	theme	X-ray	969:973	arg1	XRD					991:993	XRD	991:993	XRD	991:993	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	62	theme	X-ray	969:973	arg1	Fourier					997:1003	Fourier	997:1003	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	997:1082	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	62	theme	X-ray	969:973	arg1	diffractometry					975:988	X-ray diffractometry	969:988	X-ray diffractometry (XRD)	969:994	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	1	63	theme	Magnetic	149:156	arg1	class					193:197	the major class	183:197	the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications	183:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	1	63	theme	Magnetic	149:156	arg1	MNPs					173:176	MNPs	173:176	MNPs	173:176	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	1	63	theme	Magnetic	149:156	arg1	nanoparticles					158:170	Magnetic nanoparticles	149:170	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)	149:177	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	5	64	used	used	629:632	arg2	stabilizer					647:656	the first stabilizer	637:656	the first stabilizer	637:656	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	64	used	used	629:632	arg2	anhydride					615:623	Succinic anhydride	606:623	Succinic anhydride	606:623	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	6	65	dep	composition	856:866	arg1	The					852:854	The	852:854	The	852:854	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	10	66	theme	cancer	1674:1679	arg1	chemotherapy					1681:1692	cancer chemotherapy	1674:1692	cancer chemotherapy	1674:1692	Based on these results, we may be able to introduce this specific system as a novel pH sensitive MNP system for MTX targeting to tumor tissues in cancer chemotherapy.
27987737	6	67	theme	vibrating	1048:1056	arg1	VSM					1079:1081	VSM	1079:1081	VSM	1079:1081	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	6	67	theme	vibrating	1048:1056	arg1	magnetometer					1065:1076	vibrating sample magnetometer	1048:1076	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	1048:1082	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	1	68	theme	specific	227:234	arg1	properties					247:256	specific functional properties	227:256	specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications	227:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	0	69	theme	pH-sensitive	78:89	arg1	delivery					91:98	pH-sensitive delivery	78:98	pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate	78:114	Pegylated and amphiphilic Chitosan coated manganese ferrite nanoparticles for pH-sensitive delivery of methotrexate: Synthesis and characterization.
27987737	7	70	theme	coated	1209:1214	arg1	MNPs					1216:1219	the coated MNPs	1205:1219	the coated MNPs	1205:1219	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	2	71	used	used	375:378	arg2	they					363:366	they	363:366	they	363:366	Due to their response to the magnetic field, they can be used in targeted drug delivery systems.
27987737	7	72	theme	anticancer	1166:1175	arg1	methotrexate					1134:1145	methotrexate	1134:1145	methotrexate (MTX)	1134:1151	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	7	72	theme	anticancer	1166:1175	arg1	drug					1177:1180	as a common anticancer drug	1154:1180	as a common anticancer drug	1154:1180	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	5	73	theme	polymeric	835:843	arg1	glycol					734:739	Polyethylene glycol	721:739	Polyethylene glycol (PEG)	721:745	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	73	theme	polymeric	835:843	arg1	Chitosan					793:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan	751:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA)	751:812	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	73	theme	polymeric	835:843	arg1	shell					845:849	a polymeric shell	833:849	a polymeric shell	833:849	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	73	theme	polymeric	835:843	arg1	types					693:697	two types	689:697	two types	689:697	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	1	74	theme	functional	236:245	arg1	properties					247:256	specific functional properties	227:256	specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications	227:315	Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are the major class of nanoparticles (NPs) with specific functional properties that make them good candidates for biomedical applications.
27987737	9	75	theme	in-vitro	1324:1331	arg1	pattern					1341:1347	The in-vitro release pattern	1320:1347	The in-vitro release pattern	1320:1347	The in-vitro release pattern was studied, showing only 6% of the drug release in pH=7.4 (as a model of the physiological environment) and 25% in pH=5.4 (as a model of the tumor tissue environment) after 72h.
27987737	6	76	theme	magnetic	889:896	arg1	properties					898:907	magnetic properties	889:907	magnetic properties	889:907	The composition, size, structure and magnetic properties of NPs were determined by the particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
27987737	7	77	theme	well-defined	1101:1112	arg1	properties					1114:1123	the well-defined properties	1097:1123	the well-defined properties of MNPs	1097:1131	Determining the well-defined properties of MNPs, methotrexate (MTX), as a common anticancer drug, was encapsulated into the coated MNPs.
27987737	5	78	theme	polymer	702:708	arg1	glycol					734:739	Polyethylene glycol	721:739	Polyethylene glycol (PEG)	721:745	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	78	theme	polymer	702:708	arg1	Chitosan					793:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan	751:800	palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA)	751:812	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	78	theme	polymer	702:708	arg1	shell					845:849	a polymeric shell	833:849	a polymeric shell	833:849	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
27987737	5	78	theme	polymer	702:708	arg1	types					693:697	two types	689:697	two types	689:697	Succinic anhydride was used as the first stabilizer to prepare surface for binding two types of polymer, including Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and palmitoylated Polyethylene glycol-grafted Chitosan (Cs-PEG-PA) were introduced as a polymeric shell.
25437355	2	0	theme	scanning	412:419	arg1	SEM					442:444	SEM	442:444	SEM	442:444	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	2	0	theme	scanning	412:419	arg1	microscope					430:439	scanning electron microscope	412:439	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	412:445	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	1	1	theme	2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline	269:310	arg1	derivative					255:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative	231:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline	231:310	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	1	theme	2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline	269:310	arg1	template					324:331	the soft template	315:331	the soft template	315:331	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	8	2	theme	third-generation	1497:1512	arg1	biosensors					1514:1523	the third-generation biosensors	1493:1523	the third-generation biosensors	1493:1523	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	6	3	from	response	1063:1070	arg1	amperometry					1079:1089	the amperometry	1075:1089	the amperometry	1075:1089	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	5	4	theme	excellent	927:935	arg1	electrochemistry					944:959	an excellent direct electrochemistry	924:959	an excellent direct electrochemistry	924:959	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	5	5	theme	direct	937:942	arg1	electrochemistry					944:959	an excellent direct electrochemistry	924:959	an excellent direct electrochemistry	924:959	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	2	6	theme	product	382:388	arg1	morphology					338:347	morphology	338:347	morphology	338:347	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	2	6	theme	product	382:388	arg1	constitution					362:373	chemical constitution	353:373	chemical constitution	353:373	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	4	7	theme	bBi2S3	827:832	arg1	property					799:806	the electrocatalytic property	778:806	the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3	778:832	Hemoglobin (Hb) was then chosen as a protein model to investigate the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3.
25437355	3	8	theme	higher	590:595	arg1	area					614:617	higher specific surface area	590:617	higher specific surface area	590:617	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	0	9	theme	direct	103:108	arg1	electrochemistry					110:125	the direct electrochemistry	99:125	the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin	99:139	Imidazoline derivative templated synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3 and its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin.
25437355	3	10	theme	specific	597:604	arg1	area					614:617	higher specific surface area	590:617	higher specific surface area	590:617	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	2	11	dep	morphology	338:347	arg1	The					334:336	The	334:336	The	334:336	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	1	12	theme	soft	319:322	arg1	derivative					255:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative	231:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline	231:310	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	12	theme	soft	319:322	arg1	template					324:331	the soft template	315:331	the soft template	315:331	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	0	13	theme	hemoglobin	130:139	arg1	electrochemistry					110:125	the direct electrochemistry	99:125	the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin	99:139	Imidazoline derivative templated synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3 and its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin.
25437355	6	14	theme	high	1174:1177	arg1	444µAmM					1192:1198	444µAmM(-1)	1192:1202	444µAmM(-1)	1192:1202	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	6	14	theme	high	1174:1177	arg1	sensitivity					1179:1189	high sensitivity	1174:1189	high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1))	1174:1203	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	6	15	from	concentrations	1123:1136	arg1	4.8µM					1163:1167	4.8µM	1163:1167	4.8µM	1163:1167	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	6	15	from	concentrations	1123:1136	arg1	range					1145:1149	the range	1141:1149	the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM	1141:1167	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	4	16	theme	synthesized	815:825	arg1	bBi2S3					827:832	the synthesized bBi2S3	811:832	the synthesized bBi2S3	811:832	Hemoglobin (Hb) was then chosen as a protein model to investigate the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3.
25437355	6	17	theme	current	1055:1061	arg1	response					1063:1070	The current response	1051:1070	The current response in the amperometry	1051:1089	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	7	18	theme	bioelectrode	1298:1309	arg1	KM					1271:1272	KM	1271:1272	KM(app)	1271:1277	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2 was determined as low as 1µM.
25437355	7	18	theme	bioelectrode	1298:1309	arg1	constant					1261:1268	The Michaelis-Menten constant	1240:1268	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2	1240:1318	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2 was determined as low as 1µM.
25437355	5	19	theme	hydrogen	1032:1039	arg1	peroxide					1041:1048	hydrogen peroxide	1032:1048	hydrogen peroxide	1032:1048	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	8	20	theme	redox-active	1448:1459	arg1	protein					1461:1467	redox-active protein	1448:1467	redox-active protein	1448:1467	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	5	21	theme	chitosan	895:902	arg1	film					887:890	the composite film	873:890	the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3	873:913	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	2	22	theme	X-ray	491:495	arg1	XRD					510:512	XRD	510:512	XRD	510:512	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	2	22	theme	X-ray	491:495	arg1	diffraction					497:507	X-ray diffraction	491:507	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	491:513	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	4	23	theme	electrocatalytic	782:797	arg1	property					799:806	the electrocatalytic property	778:806	the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3	778:832	Hemoglobin (Hb) was then chosen as a protein model to investigate the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3.
25437355	8	24	theme	biosensors	1514:1523	arg1	immobilization					1430:1443	the immobilization	1426:1443	the immobilization of redox-active protein	1426:1467	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	8	24	theme	biosensors	1514:1523	arg1	construction					1477:1488	the construction	1473:1488	the construction of the third-generation biosensors	1473:1523	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	6	25	theme	H2O2	1118:1121	arg1	concentrations					1123:1136	H2O2 concentrations	1118:1136	H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM	1118:1167	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	0	26	theme	Imidazoline	0:10	arg1	derivative					12:21	Imidazoline derivative	0:21	Imidazoline derivative	0:21	Imidazoline derivative templated synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3 and its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin.
25437355	4	27	theme	protein	749:755	arg1	Hemoglobin					712:721	Hemoglobin	712:721	Hemoglobin (Hb)	712:726	Hemoglobin (Hb) was then chosen as a protein model to investigate the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3.
25437355	4	27	theme	protein	749:755	arg1	model					757:761	a protein model	747:761	a protein model to investigate the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3	747:832	Hemoglobin (Hb) was then chosen as a protein model to investigate the electrocatalytic property of the synthesized bBi2S3.
25437355	3	28	theme	standard	623:630	arg1	transfer					655:662	standard heterogeneous electron transfer	623:662	standard heterogeneous electron transfer	623:662	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	5	29	theme	bBi2S3	908:913	arg1	film					887:890	the composite film	873:890	the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3	873:913	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	8	30	theme	synthesized	1385:1395	arg1	bBi2S3					1397:1402	the synthesized bBi2S3	1381:1402	the synthesized bBi2S3	1381:1402	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	2	31	theme	chemical	353:360	arg1	constitution					362:373	chemical constitution	353:373	chemical constitution	353:373	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	1	32	theme	solvothermal	205:216	arg1	method					218:223	a solvothermal method	203:223	a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template	203:331	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	5	33	theme	biocatalytic	978:989	arg1	activity					991:998	its biocatalytic activity	974:998	its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide	974:1048	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	3	34	theme	area	614:617	arg1	constant					669:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant	586:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3)	586:709	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	6	35	theme	linear	1099:1104	arg1	response					1106:1113	a linear response	1097:1113	a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM	1097:1167	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	0	36	theme	broccoli-like	46:58	arg1	Bi2S3					60:64	broccoli-like Bi2S3	46:64	broccoli-like Bi2S3	46:64	Imidazoline derivative templated synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3 and its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin.
25437355	5	37	theme	composite	877:885	arg1	film					887:890	the composite film	873:890	the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3	873:913	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	3	38	theme	transfer	655:662	arg1	constant					669:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant	586:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3)	586:709	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	2	39	theme	electron	461:468	arg1	TEM					482:484	TEM	482:484	TEM	482:484	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	2	39	theme	electron	461:468	arg1	microscope					470:479	transmission electron microscope	448:479	transmission electron microscope (TEM)	448:485	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	3	40	theme	rate	664:667	arg1	constant					669:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant	586:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3)	586:709	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	6	41	from	4.8µM	1163:1167	arg1	concentrations					1123:1136	H2O2 concentrations	1118:1136	H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM	1118:1167	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	6	41	from	4.8µM	1163:1167	arg1	range					1145:1149	the range	1141:1149	the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM	1141:1167	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	2	42	theme	transmission	448:459	arg1	TEM					482:484	TEM	482:484	TEM	482:484	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	2	42	theme	transmission	448:459	arg1	microscope					470:479	transmission electron microscope	448:479	transmission electron microscope (TEM)	448:485	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	3	43	contain	has	582:584	arg2	constant					669:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant	586:676	the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3)	586:709	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	3	43	contain	has	582:584	arg1	bBi2S3					575:580	the bBi2S3	571:580	the bBi2S3	571:580	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	3	44	theme	heterogeneous	632:644	arg1	transfer					655:662	standard heterogeneous electron transfer	623:662	standard heterogeneous electron transfer	623:662	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	3	45	theme	characterization	532:547	arg1	experiments					549:559	Electrochemical characterization experiments	516:559	Electrochemical characterization experiments	516:559	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	0	46	theme	Bi2S3	60:64	arg1	synthesis					33:41	synthesis	33:41	synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3	33:64	Imidazoline derivative templated synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3 and its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin.
25437355	0	46	theme	Bi2S3	60:64	arg1	electrocatalysis					74:89	its electrocatalysis	70:89	its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin	70:139	Imidazoline derivative templated synthesis of broccoli-like Bi2S3 and its electrocatalysis towards the direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin.
25437355	8	47	theme	protein	1461:1467	arg1	immobilization					1430:1443	the immobilization	1426:1443	the immobilization of redox-active protein	1426:1467	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	8	47	theme	protein	1461:1467	arg1	construction					1477:1488	the construction	1473:1488	the construction of the third-generation biosensors	1473:1523	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	3	48	theme	electron	646:653	arg1	transfer					655:662	standard heterogeneous electron transfer	623:662	standard heterogeneous electron transfer	623:662	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	8	49	theme	new	1413:1415	arg1	path					1417:1420	a new path	1411:1420	a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors	1411:1523	These results demonstrate that the synthesized bBi2S3 offers a new path for the immobilization of redox-active protein and the construction of the third-generation biosensors.
25437355	6	50	dep	4.8µM	1163:1167	arg1	to					1160:1161	to	1160:1161	to	1160:1161	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	5	51	theme	peroxide	1041:1048	arg1	electro-reduction					1011:1027	the electro-reduction	1007:1027	the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide	1007:1048	The results show that Hb entrapped in the composite film of chitosan and bBi2S3 displays an excellent direct electrochemistry, and retains its biocatalytic activity toward the electro-reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
25437355	1	52	theme	broccoli-like	144:156	arg1	bBi2S3					175:180	bBi2S3	175:180	bBi2S3	175:180	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	52	theme	broccoli-like	144:156	arg1	sulfide					166:172	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide	142:172	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3)	142:181	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	3	53	theme	surface	606:612	arg1	area					614:617	higher specific surface area	590:617	higher specific surface area	590:617	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	1	54	theme	self-made	233:241	arg1	derivative					255:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative	231:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline	231:310	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	54	theme	self-made	233:241	arg1	template					324:331	the soft template	315:331	the soft template	315:331	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	3	55	theme	rod-like	687:694	arg1	rBi2S3					703:708	rBi2S3	703:708	rBi2S3	703:708	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	3	55	theme	rod-like	687:694	arg1	Bi2S3					696:700	the rod-like Bi2S3	683:700	the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3)	683:709	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	1	56	theme	bismuth	158:164	arg1	bBi2S3					175:180	bBi2S3	175:180	bBi2S3	175:180	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	56	theme	bismuth	158:164	arg1	sulfide					166:172	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide	142:172	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3)	142:181	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	57	theme	imidazoline	243:253	arg1	derivative					255:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative	231:264	a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline	231:310	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	1	57	theme	imidazoline	243:253	arg1	template					324:331	the soft template	315:331	the soft template	315:331	A broccoli-like bismuth sulfide (bBi2S3) was synthesized via a solvothermal method using a self-made imidazoline derivative of 2-undecyl-1-dithioureido-ethyl-imidazoline as the soft template.
25437355	6	58	theme	detection	1213:1221	arg1	limit					1223:1227	low detection limit	1209:1227	low detection limit (0.096µM)	1209:1237	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	6	58	theme	detection	1213:1221	arg1	0.096µM					1230:1236	0.096µM	1230:1236	0.096µM	1230:1236	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	7	59	theme	fabricated	1287:1296	arg1	bioelectrode					1298:1309	the fabricated bioelectrode	1283:1309	the fabricated bioelectrode	1283:1309	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2 was determined as low as 1µM.
25437355	3	60	theme	Electrochemical	516:530	arg1	characterization					532:547	Electrochemical characterization	516:547	Electrochemical characterization experiments	516:559	Electrochemical characterization experiments show that the bBi2S3 has the higher specific surface area and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant than the rod-like Bi2S3 (rBi2S3).
25437355	6	61	theme	low	1209:1211	arg1	limit					1223:1227	low detection limit	1209:1227	low detection limit (0.096µM)	1209:1237	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	6	61	theme	low	1209:1211	arg1	0.096µM					1230:1236	0.096µM	1230:1236	0.096µM	1230:1236	The current response in the amperometry shows a linear response to H2O2 concentrations in the range from 0.4 to 4.8µM with high sensitivity (444µAmM(-1)) and low detection limit (0.096µM).
25437355	2	62	theme	electron	421:428	arg1	SEM					442:444	SEM	442:444	SEM	442:444	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	2	62	theme	electron	421:428	arg1	microscope					430:439	scanning electron microscope	412:439	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	412:445	The morphology and chemical constitution of the product were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
25437355	7	63	theme	Michaelis-Menten	1244:1259	arg1	KM					1271:1272	KM	1271:1272	KM(app)	1271:1277	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2 was determined as low as 1µM.
25437355	7	63	theme	Michaelis-Menten	1244:1259	arg1	constant					1261:1268	The Michaelis-Menten constant	1240:1268	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2	1240:1318	The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM(app)) of the fabricated bioelectrode for H2O2 was determined as low as 1µM.
24463175	7	0	from	reduction	1218:1226	arg1	force					1247:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	6	1	theme	integrated	998:1007	arg1	system					1015:1020	an integrated FO-MD system	995:1020	an integrated FO-MD system	995:1020	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	9	2	theme	further	1715:1721	arg1	reuse					1723:1727	further reuse	1715:1727	further reuse	1715:1727	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	2	3	theme	concentrations	357:370	arg1	emulsions					334:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions	314:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	314:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	3	theme	concentrations	357:370	arg1	solution					451:458	the feed solution	442:458	the feed solution in the FO process	442:476	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	8	4	theme	salts	1548:1552	arg1	oil					1540:1542	oil	1540:1542	oil	1540:1542	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	8	4	theme	salts	1548:1552	arg1	amounts					1529:1535	only trace amounts	1518:1535	only trace amounts of oil and salts	1518:1552	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	8	4	theme	salts	1548:1552	arg1	salts					1548:1552	salts	1548:1552	salts	1548:1552	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	1	5	theme	lab-fabricated	265:278	arg1	FO					280:281	lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes	265:311	FO	280:281	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	10	6	theme	FO-MD	1913:1917	arg1	systems					1919:1925	FO-MD systems	1913:1925	FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations	1913:1957	The work has demonstrated that not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater could be effectively recovered by FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations.
24463175	8	7	theme	draw	1563:1566	arg1	solution					1568:1575	the draw solution	1559:1575	the draw solution	1559:1575	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	1	8	theme	distillation	172:183	arg1	system					193:198	a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system	136:198	system	193:198	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	7	9	from	flux	1158:1161	arg1	FO					1166:1167	FO	1166:1167	FO	1166:1167	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	6	10	theme	batch	1136:1140	arg1	mode					1142:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	3	11	theme	cellulose	546:554	arg1	CTA					568:570	CTA	568:570	CTA	568:570	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	3	11	theme	cellulose	546:554	arg1	triacetate					556:565	the cellulose triacetate	542:565	the cellulose triacetate (CTA)	542:571	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	1	12	theme	FO-MD	186:190	arg1	system					193:198	a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system	136:198	system	193:198	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	6	13	theme	oily	1049:1052	arg1	wastewater					1054:1063	the oily wastewater	1045:1063	the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode	1045:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	5	14	theme	flux	773:776	arg1	characterizations					746:762	The characterizations	742:762	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes	742:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	8	15	theme	Oily	1314:1317	arg1	wastewater					1319:1328	Oily wastewater	1314:1328	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity	1314:1358	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	9	16	theme	crude	1777:1781	arg1	oil					1783:1785	crude oil	1777:1785	crude oil	1777:1785	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	8	17	theme	next	1602:1605	arg1	rounds					1607:1612	the next rounds	1598:1612	the next rounds of FO-MD run	1598:1625	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	5	18	theme	solute	782:787	arg1	rejection					789:797	solute rejection	782:797	solute rejection	782:797	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	19	theme	acetic	955:960	arg1	acid					962:965	acetic acid	955:965	acetic acid	955:965	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	3	20	located	observed	503:510	arg1	mode					522:525	the FO mode	515:525	the FO mode	515:525	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	3	20	located	observed	503:510	arg2	Fouling					479:485	Fouling	479:485	Fouling	479:485	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	7	21	from	stable	1267:1272	arg1	MD					1277:1278	MD	1277:1278	MD regardless of salt concentration	1277:1311	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	8	22	theme	high	1346:1349	arg1	salinity					1351:1358	relatively high salinity	1335:1358	relatively high salinity	1335:1358	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	7	23	theme	driving	1239:1245	arg1	force					1247:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	8	24	theme	run	1623:1625	arg1	rounds					1607:1612	the next rounds	1598:1612	the next rounds of FO-MD run	1598:1625	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	5	25	theme	water	852:856	arg1	flux					858:861	a high water flux	845:861	a high water flux	845:861	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	7	26	from	MD	1277:1278	arg1	flux					1158:1161	The water flux	1148:1161	The water flux in FO	1148:1167	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	7	26	from	MD	1277:1278	arg1	stable					1267:1272	stable	1267:1272	stable	1267:1272	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	10	27	theme	water	1828:1832	arg1	additives					1851:1859	water but also organic additives	1828:1859	not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater	1819:1877	The work has demonstrated that not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater could be effectively recovered by FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations.
24463175	0	28	theme	osmosis-membrane	60:75	arg1	FO-MD					91:95	FO-MD	91:95	FO-MD	91:95	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	0	28	theme	osmosis-membrane	60:75	arg1	distillation					77:88	forward osmosis-membrane distillation	52:88	forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD)	52:96	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	3	29	theme	based	575:579	arg1	film					586:589	based thin film	575:589	based thin film	575:589	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	5	30	from	rejection	789:797	arg1	processes					821:829	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	processes	821:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	30	from	rejection	789:797	arg1	FO					811:812	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	FO	811:812	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	31	theme	MD	818:819	arg1	processes					821:829	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	processes	821:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	4	32	located	observed	660:667	arg1	hours					686:690	the first few hours	672:690	the first few hours	672:690	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	4	32	located	observed	660:667	arg2	increment					635:643	slight increment	628:643	slight increment of fouling	628:654	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	4	33	theme	fouling	648:654	arg1	increment					635:643	slight increment	628:643	slight increment of fouling	628:654	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	6	34	from	NaCl	1099:1102	arg1	mode					1142:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	5	35	from	processes	821:829	arg1	characterizations					746:762	The characterizations	742:762	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes	742:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	4	36	theme	water	700:704	arg1	flux					706:709	the water flux	696:709	the water flux	696:709	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	5	37	from	characterizations	746:762	arg1	processes					821:829	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	processes	821:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	37	from	characterizations	746:762	arg1	FO					811:812	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	FO	811:812	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	8	38	theme	FO-MD	1398:1402	arg1	system					1411:1416	the FO-MD hybrid system	1394:1416	the FO-MD hybrid system	1394:1416	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	6	39	from	petroleum	1076:1084	arg1	mode					1142:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	9	40	theme	acetic	1665:1670	arg1	acid					1672:1675	acetic acid	1665:1675	acetic acid	1665:1675	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	5	41	theme	high	898:901	arg1	retention					903:911	impressively high retention	885:911	impressively high retention of oil droplets	885:927	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	2	42	theme	feed	446:449	arg1	emulsions					334:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions	314:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	314:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	42	theme	feed	446:449	arg1	solution					451:458	the feed solution	442:458	the feed solution in the FO process	442:476	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	4	43	theme	few	682:684	arg1	hours					686:690	the first few hours	672:690	the first few hours	672:690	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	6	44	from	surfactant	1087:1096	arg1	mode					1142:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	0	45	theme	Sustainable	0:10	arg1	recovery					18:25	Sustainable water recovery	0:25	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).	0:97	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	8	46	theme	FO-MD	1617:1621	arg1	run					1623:1625	FO-MD run	1617:1625	FO-MD run	1617:1625	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	1	47	theme	MD	287:288	arg1	membranes					303:311	lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes	265:311	membranes	303:311	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	2	48	with	emulsions	334:342	arg1	<1 μm					398:402	<1 μm	398:402	<1 μm	398:402	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	48	with	emulsions	334:342	arg1	sizes					391:395	small droplet sizes	377:395	small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	377:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	5	49	theme	NaCl	869:872	arg1	rejection					874:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	7	50	theme	due	1199:1201	arg1	decline					1191:1197	three-stage decline	1179:1197	three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force	1179:1251	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	2	51	theme	FO	467:468	arg1	process					470:476	the FO process	463:476	the FO process	463:476	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	8	52	theme	water	1442:1446	arg1	flux					1448:1451	large water flux	1436:1451	large water flux	1436:1451	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	5	53	theme	rejection	789:797	arg1	characterizations					746:762	The characterizations	742:762	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes	742:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	1	54	theme	fiber	297:301	arg1	membranes					303:311	lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes	265:311	membranes	303:311	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	0	55	theme	oily	32:35	arg1	wastewater					37:46	oily wastewater	32:46	oily wastewater	32:46	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	5	56	theme	partial	933:939	arg1	permeation					941:950	partial permeation	933:950	partial permeation of acetic acid	933:965	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	7	57	theme	three-stage	1179:1189	arg1	decline					1191:1197	three-stage decline	1179:1197	three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force	1179:1251	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	2	58	theme	different	347:355	arg1	concentrations					357:370	different concentrations	347:370	different concentrations	347:370	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	8	59	with	wastewater	1319:1328	arg1	salinity					1351:1358	relatively high salinity	1335:1358	relatively high salinity	1335:1358	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	1	60	theme	water	216:220	arg1	recovery					222:229	sustainable water recovery	204:229	sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater	204:250	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	1	61	theme	forward	145:151	arg1	osmosis					153:159	a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system	136:198	osmosis	153:159	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	2	62	theme	droplet	383:389	arg1	<1 μm					398:402	<1 μm	398:402	<1 μm	398:402	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	62	theme	droplet	383:389	arg1	sizes					391:395	small droplet sizes	377:395	small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	377:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	8	63	theme	trace	1523:1527	arg1	oil					1540:1542	oil	1540:1542	oil	1540:1542	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	8	63	theme	trace	1523:1527	arg1	amounts					1529:1535	only trace amounts	1518:1535	only trace amounts of oil and salts	1518:1552	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	8	63	theme	trace	1523:1527	arg1	salts					1548:1552	salts	1548:1552	salts	1548:1552	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	5	64	theme	droplets	920:927	arg1	flux					858:861	a high water flux	845:861	a high water flux	845:861	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	64	theme	droplets	920:927	arg1	permeation					941:950	partial permeation	933:950	partial permeation of acetic acid	933:965	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	64	theme	droplets	920:927	arg1	retention					903:911	impressively high retention	885:911	impressively high retention of oil droplets	885:927	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	64	theme	droplets	920:927	arg1	rejection					874:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	6	65	theme	FO-MD	1009:1013	arg1	system					1015:1020	an integrated FO-MD system	995:1020	an integrated FO-MD system	995:1020	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	8	66	theme	water	1472:1476	arg1	recovery					1478:1485	at least 90% feed water recovery	1454:1485	at least 90% feed water recovery	1454:1485	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	10	67	theme	other	1940:1944	arg1	utilizations					1946:1957	other utilizations	1940:1957	other utilizations	1940:1957	The work has demonstrated that not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater could be effectively recovered by FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations.
24463175	6	68	contain	containing	1065:1074	arg1	wastewater					1054:1063	the oily wastewater	1045:1063	the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode	1045:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	68	contain	containing	1065:1074	arg2	NaCl					1099:1102	NaCl	1099:1102	NaCl	1099:1102	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	68	contain	containing	1065:1074	arg2	surfactant					1087:1096	surfactant	1087:1096	surfactant	1087:1096	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	68	contain	containing	1065:1074	arg2	acid					1115:1118	acetic acid	1108:1118	acetic acid	1108:1118	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	68	contain	containing	1065:1074	arg2	petroleum					1076:1084	petroleum	1076:1084	petroleum	1076:1084	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	3	69	theme	FO	519:520	arg1	mode					522:525	the FO mode	515:525	the FO mode	515:525	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	1	70	theme	membrane	163:170	arg1	system					193:198	a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system	136:198	system	193:198	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	7	71	theme	salt	1294:1297	arg1	concentration					1299:1311	salt concentration	1294:1311	salt concentration	1294:1311	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	2	72	theme	Stable	314:319	arg1	emulsions					334:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions	314:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	314:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	72	theme	Stable	314:319	arg1	solution					451:458	the feed solution	442:458	the feed solution in the FO process	442:476	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	5	73	theme	separate	802:809	arg1	FO					811:812	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	FO	811:812	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	9	74	dep	the	1698:1700	arg1	permeate					1702:1709	permeate	1702:1709	permeate	1702:1709	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	5	75	theme	water	767:771	arg1	flux					773:776	water flux	767:776	water flux	767:776	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	10	76	dep	additives	1851:1859	arg1	only					1823:1826	only	1823:1826	only	1823:1826	The work has demonstrated that not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater could be effectively recovered by FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations.
24463175	1	77	from	wastewater	241:250	arg1	recovery					222:229	sustainable water recovery	204:229	sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater	204:250	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	9	78	theme	oil	1783:1785	arg1	production					1763:1772	the production	1759:1772	the production of crude oil	1759:1785	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	6	79	from	60 °C	1123:1127	arg1	NaCl					1099:1102	NaCl	1099:1102	NaCl	1099:1102	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	79	from	60 °C	1123:1127	arg1	acid					1115:1118	acetic acid	1108:1118	acetic acid	1108:1118	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	79	from	60 °C	1123:1127	arg1	surfactant					1087:1096	surfactant	1087:1096	surfactant	1087:1096	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	6	79	from	60 °C	1123:1127	arg1	petroleum					1076:1084	petroleum	1076:1084	petroleum	1076:1084	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	5	80	theme	acid	962:965	arg1	flux					858:861	a high water flux	845:861	a high water flux	845:861	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	80	theme	acid	962:965	arg1	permeation					941:950	partial permeation	933:950	partial permeation of acetic acid	933:965	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	80	theme	acid	962:965	arg1	retention					903:911	impressively high retention	885:911	impressively high retention of oil droplets	885:927	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	80	theme	acid	962:965	arg1	rejection					874:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	3	81	theme	thin	581:584	arg1	film					586:589	based thin film	575:589	based thin film	575:589	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	5	82	from	flux	773:776	arg1	processes					821:829	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	processes	821:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	82	from	flux	773:776	arg1	FO					811:812	separate FO and MD processes	802:829	FO	811:812	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	5	83	theme	high	847:850	arg1	flux					858:861	a high water flux	845:861	a high water flux	845:861	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	6	84	theme	acetic	1108:1113	arg1	acid					1115:1118	acetic acid	1108:1118	acetic acid	1108:1118	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	5	85	from	FO	811:812	arg1	characterizations					746:762	The characterizations	742:762	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes	742:829	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	1	86	theme	hybrid	138:143	arg1	osmosis					153:159	a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system	136:198	osmosis	153:159	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	7	87	theme	osmotic	1231:1237	arg1	force					1247:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	4	88	theme	slight	628:633	arg1	increment					635:643	slight increment	628:643	slight increment of fouling	628:654	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	8	89	dep	recovery	1478:1485	arg1	%					1465:1465	%	1465:1465	%	1465:1465	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	6	90	from	acid	1115:1118	arg1	mode					1142:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	the batch mode	1132:1145	Finally, an integrated FO-MD system was developed to treat the oily wastewater containing petroleum, surfactant, NaCl and acetic acid at 60 °C in the batch mode.
24463175	8	91	theme	hybrid	1404:1409	arg1	system					1411:1416	the FO-MD hybrid system	1394:1416	the FO-MD hybrid system	1394:1416	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	10	92	theme	organic	1843:1849	arg1	additives					1851:1859	water but also organic additives	1828:1859	not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater	1819:1877	The work has demonstrated that not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater could be effectively recovered by FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations.
24463175	0	93	from	wastewater	37:46	arg1	recovery					18:25	Sustainable water recovery	0:25	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).	0:97	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	0	94	theme	water	12:16	arg1	recovery					18:25	Sustainable water recovery	0:25	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).	0:97	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	8	95	dep	%	1465:1465	arg1	90					1463:1464	90	1463:1464	90	1463:1464	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	2	96	from	solution	451:458	arg1	process					470:476	the FO process	463:476	the FO process	463:476	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	9	97	theme	significant	1643:1653	arg1	amount					1655:1660	significant amount	1643:1660	significant amount of acetic acid	1643:1675	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	9	97	theme	significant	1643:1653	arg1	acid					1672:1675	acetic acid	1665:1675	acetic acid	1665:1675	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	9	97	theme	significant	1643:1653	arg1	additive					1743:1750	additive	1743:1750	additive	1743:1750	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	8	98	theme	large	1436:1440	arg1	flux					1448:1451	large water flux	1436:1451	large water flux	1436:1451	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	4	99	theme	first	676:680	arg1	hours					686:690	the first few hours	672:690	the first few hours	672:690	Moreover, slight increment of fouling was observed in the first few hours and the water flux was then stabilized over 24 h.
24463175	3	100	dep	triacetate	556:565	arg1	TFC					602:604	TFC	602:604	TFC	602:604	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	3	100	dep	triacetate	556:565	arg1	membranes					607:615	composite (TFC) membranes	591:615	composite (TFC) membranes	591:615	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	5	101	theme	good	864:867	arg1	rejection					874:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	good NaCl rejection	864:882	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	1	102	theme	hollow	290:295	arg1	membranes					303:311	lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes	265:311	membranes	303:311	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	9	103	theme	acid	1672:1675	arg1	amount					1655:1660	significant amount	1643:1660	significant amount of acetic acid	1643:1675	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	9	103	theme	acid	1672:1675	arg1	acid					1672:1675	acetic acid	1665:1675	acetic acid	1665:1675	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	9	103	theme	acid	1672:1675	arg1	additive					1743:1750	additive	1743:1750	additive	1743:1750	Interestingly, significant amount of acetic acid was also retained in the permeate for further reuse as a chemical additive during the production of crude oil.
24463175	3	104	theme	composite	591:599	arg1	TFC					602:604	TFC	602:604	TFC	602:604	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	3	104	theme	composite	591:599	arg1	membranes					607:615	composite (TFC) membranes	591:615	composite (TFC) membranes	591:615	Fouling was immediately observed in the FO mode and was low on the cellulose triacetate (CTA) - based thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
24463175	0	105	theme	forward	52:58	arg1	FO-MD					91:95	FO-MD	91:95	FO-MD	91:95	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	0	105	theme	forward	52:58	arg1	distillation					77:88	forward osmosis-membrane distillation	52:88	forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD)	52:96	Sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater via forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD).
24463175	10	106	from	additives	1851:1859	arg1	wastewater					1868:1877	the wastewater	1864:1877	the wastewater	1864:1877	The work has demonstrated that not only water but also organic additives in the wastewater could be effectively recovered by FO-MD systems for reuse or other utilizations.
24463175	7	107	theme	water	1152:1156	arg1	flux					1158:1161	The water flux	1148:1161	The water flux in FO	1148:1167	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	7	107	theme	water	1152:1156	arg1	stable					1267:1272	stable	1267:1272	stable	1267:1272	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	8	108	theme	feed	1467:1470	arg1	recovery					1478:1485	at least 90% feed water recovery	1454:1485	at least 90% feed water recovery	1454:1485	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	2	109	theme	oil-in-water	321:332	arg1	emulsions					334:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions	314:342	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	314:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	109	theme	oil-in-water	321:332	arg1	solution					451:458	the feed solution	442:458	the feed solution in the FO process	442:476	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	1	110	theme	sustainable	204:214	arg1	recovery					222:229	sustainable water recovery	204:229	sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater	204:250	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
24463175	5	111	theme	oil	916:918	arg1	droplets					920:927	oil droplets	916:927	oil droplets	916:927	The characterizations of water flux and solute rejection in separate FO and MD processes revealed that a high water flux, good NaCl rejection, impressively high retention of oil droplets and partial permeation of acetic acid could be achieved.
24463175	7	112	from	fouling	1206:1212	arg1	force					1247:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	osmotic driving force	1231:1251	The water flux in FO undergoes three-stage decline due to fouling and reduction in osmotic driving force, but is quite stable in MD regardless of salt concentration.
24463175	2	113	theme	small	377:381	arg1	<1 μm					398:402	<1 μm	398:402	<1 μm	398:402	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	2	113	theme	small	377:381	arg1	sizes					391:395	small droplet sizes	377:395	small droplet sizes (<1 μm)	377:403	Stable oil-in-water emulsions of different concentrations with small droplet sizes (<1 μm) were firstly prepared and applied as the feed solution in the FO process.
24463175	8	114	theme	oil	1540:1542	arg1	oil					1540:1542	oil	1540:1542	oil	1540:1542	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	8	114	theme	oil	1540:1542	arg1	amounts					1529:1535	only trace amounts	1518:1535	only trace amounts of oil and salts	1518:1552	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	8	114	theme	oil	1540:1542	arg1	salts					1548:1552	salts	1548:1552	salts	1548:1552	Oily wastewater with relatively high salinity could be effectively recovered by the FO-MD hybrid system while maintaining large water flux, at least 90% feed water recovery could be readily attained with only trace amounts of oil and salts, and the draw solution was re-generated for the next rounds of FO-MD run.
24463175	1	115	theme	oily	236:239	arg1	wastewater					241:250	oily wastewater	236:250	oily wastewater	236:250	This study proposed and investigated a hybrid forward osmosis - membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for sustainable water recovery from oily wastewater by employing lab-fabricated FO and MD hollow fiber membranes.
29025668	6	0	theme	bone	1550:1553	arg1	remodeling					1555:1564	bone remodeling	1550:1564	bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition	1550:1593	The study indicated the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition.
29025668	1	1	theme	hybrid	361:366	arg1	coating					381:387	the hybrid multilayered coating	357:387	the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	357:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	6	2	theme	potential	1498:1506	arg1	application					1508:1518	the potential application	1494:1518	the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition	1494:1593	The study indicated the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition.
29025668	3	3	theme	Ral	846:848	arg1	release					835:841	the burst release	825:841	the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays	825:874	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	2	4	theme	system	520:525	arg1	fabrication					500:510	The fabrication	496:510	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln)	496:543	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	1	5	theme	multilayered	368:379	arg1	coating					381:387	the hybrid multilayered coating	357:387	the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	357:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	6	theme	spin-assisted	456:468	arg1	technique					485:493	a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique	454:493	a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique	454:493	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	7	theme	titanium-based	204:217	arg1	implants					219:226	titanium-based implants	204:226	titanium-based implants	204:226	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	4	8	theme	lower	1087:1091	arg1	activity					1136:1143	lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity	1087:1143	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts	991:1158	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	1	9	theme	grafted	417:423	arg1	acid					436:439	alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid	405:439	alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	405:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	9	theme	grafted	417:423	arg1	HA-Aln					442:447	HA-Aln	442:447	HA-Aln	442:447	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	0	10	theme	osteoporotic	138:149	arg1	rabbits					151:157	osteoporotic rabbits	138:157	osteoporotic rabbits	138:157	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	3	11	theme	release	709:715	arg1	test					717:720	The release test	705:720	The release test	705:720	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	2	12	theme	force	624:628	arg1	microscope					630:639	atomic force microscope	617:639	atomic force microscope (AFM)	617:645	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	12	theme	force	624:628	arg1	AFM					642:644	AFM	642:644	AFM	642:644	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	1	13	theme	layer-by-layer	470:483	arg1	technique					485:493	a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique	454:493	a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique	454:493	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	3	14	theme	stable	889:894	arg1	concentration					900:912	stable Ral concentration	889:912	stable Ral concentration	889:912	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	4	15	theme	phosphatase	1007:1017	arg1	activity					1025:1032	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	991:1032	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	991:1032	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	15	theme	phosphatase	1007:1017	arg1	capability					1050:1059	mineralization capability	1035:1059	mineralization capability	1035:1059	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	3	16	theme	composited	738:747	arg1	multilayers					749:759	the composited multilayers	734:759	the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral)	734:809	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	2	17	theme	atomic	617:622	arg1	microscope					630:639	atomic force microscope	617:639	atomic force microscope (AFM)	617:645	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	17	theme	atomic	617:622	arg1	AFM					642:644	AFM	642:644	AFM	642:644	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	3	18	theme	implant	921:927	arg1	site					929:932	the implant site	917:932	the implant site	917:932	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	5	19	from	binding	1441:1447	arg1	rabbits					1465:1471	osteoporotic rabbits	1452:1471	osteoporotic rabbits	1452:1471	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	5	20	theme	bone	1400:1403	arg1	formation					1383:1391	the formation	1379:1391	the formation of new bone around the implant	1379:1422	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	1	21	theme	chitosan	392:399	arg1	coating					381:387	the hybrid multilayered coating	357:387	the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	357:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	2	22	theme	X-ray	651:655	arg1	XPS					685:687	XPS	685:687	XPS	685:687	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	22	theme	X-ray	651:655	arg1	spectroscopy					671:682	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	651:682	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	651:688	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	23	theme	photoelectron	657:669	arg1	XPS					685:687	XPS	685:687	XPS	685:687	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	23	theme	photoelectron	657:669	arg1	spectroscopy					671:682	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	651:682	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	651:688	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	5	24	theme	testing	1309:1315	arg1	tests					1255:1259	the in vivo tests	1243:1259	the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing	1243:1315	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	0	25	from	titanium	72:79	arg1	release					21:27	Sustained raloxifene release	0:27	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium	0:79	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	5	26	theme	bone	1436:1439	arg1	binding					1441:1447	bone binding	1436:1447	bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits	1436:1471	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	4	27	theme	mineralization	1035:1048	arg1	activity					1025:1032	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	991:1032	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	991:1032	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	27	theme	mineralization	1035:1048	arg1	capability					1050:1059	mineralization capability	1035:1059	mineralization capability	1035:1059	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	0	28	theme	raloxifene	10:19	arg1	release					21:27	Sustained raloxifene release	0:27	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium	0:79	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	1	29	theme	alendronate	405:415	arg1	acid					436:439	alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid	405:439	alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	405:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	29	theme	alendronate	405:415	arg1	HA-Aln					442:447	HA-Aln	442:447	HA-Aln	442:447	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	4	30	theme	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln	955:969	arg1	system					971:976	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system	951:976	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system	951:976	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	1	31	theme	osteoporotic	234:245	arg1	conditions					247:256	osteoporotic conditions	234:256	osteoporotic conditions	234:256	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	0	32	theme	Sustained	0:8	arg1	release					21:27	Sustained raloxifene release	0:27	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium	0:79	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	3	33	theme	TiO2	777:780	arg1	TNT/Ral					802:808	TNT/Ral	802:808	TNT/Ral	802:808	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	3	33	theme	TiO2	777:780	arg1	substrate					791:799	Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate	766:799	Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral)	766:809	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	6	34	theme	osteoporotic	1572:1583	arg1	condition					1585:1593	osteoporotic condition	1572:1593	osteoporotic condition	1572:1593	The study indicated the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition.
29025668	3	35	theme	nanotube	782:789	arg1	TNT/Ral					802:808	TNT/Ral	802:808	TNT/Ral	802:808	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	3	35	theme	nanotube	782:789	arg1	substrate					791:799	Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate	766:799	Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral)	766:809	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	5	36	theme	osteoporotic	1452:1463	arg1	rabbits					1465:1471	osteoporotic rabbits	1452:1471	osteoporotic rabbits	1452:1471	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	3	37	from	arrays	869:874	arg1	release					835:841	the burst release	825:841	the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays	825:874	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	5	38	theme	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln	1329:1343	arg1	implant					1345:1351	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant	1329:1351	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant	1329:1351	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	5	39	theme	new	1396:1398	arg1	bone					1400:1403	new bone	1396:1403	new bone around the implant	1396:1422	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	2	40	theme	electron	590:597	arg1	SEM					611:613	SEM	611:613	SEM	611:613	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	40	theme	electron	590:597	arg1	microscopy					599:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy	566:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	566:614	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	0	41	from	osseointegration	118:133	arg1	rabbits					151:157	osteoporotic rabbits	138:157	osteoporotic rabbits	138:157	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	4	42	from	activity	1136:1143	arg1	osteoclasts					1148:1158	osteoclasts	1148:1158	osteoclasts	1148:1158	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	42	from	activity	1136:1143	arg1	osteoblasts					1064:1074	osteoblasts	1064:1074	osteoblasts	1064:1074	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	5	43	theme	histological	1274:1285	arg1	staining					1287:1294	histological staining	1274:1294	histological staining	1274:1294	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	1	44	theme	TiO2	259:262	arg1	nanoreserviors					299:312	nanoreserviors	299:312	nanoreserviors	299:312	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	44	theme	TiO2	259:262	arg1	TNT					281:283	TNT	281:283	TNT	281:283	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	44	theme	TiO2	259:262	arg1	arrays					273:278	TiO2 nanotube arrays	259:278	TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT)	259:284	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	3	45	theme	Ral-loaded	766:775	arg1	TNT/Ral					802:808	TNT/Ral	802:808	TNT/Ral	802:808	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	3	45	theme	Ral-loaded	766:775	arg1	substrate					791:799	Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate	766:799	Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral)	766:809	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	2	46	theme	scanning	581:588	arg1	SEM					611:613	SEM	611:613	SEM	611:613	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	46	theme	scanning	581:588	arg1	microscopy					599:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy	566:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	566:614	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	1	47	theme	hyaluronic	425:434	arg1	acid					436:439	alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid	405:439	alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	405:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	47	theme	hyaluronic	425:434	arg1	HA-Aln					442:447	HA-Aln	442:447	HA-Aln	442:447	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	4	48	theme	phosphatase	1117:1127	arg1	activity					1136:1143	lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity	1087:1143	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts	991:1158	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	1	49	theme	nanotube	264:271	arg1	nanoreserviors					299:312	nanoreserviors	299:312	nanoreserviors	299:312	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	49	theme	nanotube	264:271	arg1	TNT					281:283	TNT	281:283	TNT	281:283	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	49	theme	nanotube	264:271	arg1	arrays					273:278	TiO2 nanotube arrays	259:278	TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT)	259:284	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	0	50	theme	hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized	34:70	arg1	titanium					72:79	hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium	34:79	hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium	34:79	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	2	51	theme	emission	572:579	arg1	SEM					611:613	SEM	611:613	SEM	611:613	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	51	theme	emission	572:579	arg1	microscopy					599:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy	566:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	566:614	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	1	52	theme	acid	436:439	arg1	coating					381:387	the hybrid multilayered coating	357:387	the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln)	357:448	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	2	53	theme	field	566:570	arg1	SEM					611:613	SEM	611:613	SEM	611:613	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	2	53	theme	field	566:570	arg1	microscopy					599:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy	566:608	field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	566:614	The fabrication of this system (TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln) was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively.
29025668	5	54	theme	push-out	1300:1307	arg1	testing					1309:1315	push-out testing	1300:1315	push-out testing	1300:1315	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	1	55	used	used	291:294	arg2	arrays					273:278	TiO2 nanotube arrays	259:278	TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT)	259:284	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	55	used	used	291:294	arg2	nanoreserviors					299:312	nanoreserviors	299:312	nanoreserviors	299:312	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	1	55	used	used	291:294	arg2	TNT					281:283	TNT	281:283	TNT	281:283	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	4	56	theme	TNT/Ral	1200:1206	arg1	substrate					1208:1216	TNT/Ral substrate	1200:1216	TNT/Ral substrate	1200:1216	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	5	57	theme	micro-CT	1264:1271	arg1	tests					1255:1259	the in vivo tests	1243:1259	the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing	1243:1315	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	6	58	theme	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln	1523:1537	arg1	system					1539:1544	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system	1523:1544	TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system	1523:1544	The study indicated the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition.
29025668	4	59	theme	higher	991:996	arg1	ALP					1020:1022	ALP	1020:1022	ALP	1020:1022	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	59	theme	higher	991:996	arg1	phosphatase					1007:1017	higher alkaline phosphatase	991:1017	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	991:1032	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	5	60	dep	in	1247:1248	arg1	vivo					1250:1253	vivo	1250:1253	vivo	1250:1253	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	4	61	theme	acid	1112:1115	arg1	TRAP					1130:1133	TRAP	1130:1133	TRAP	1130:1133	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	61	theme	acid	1112:1115	arg1	phosphatase					1117:1127	tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase	1093:1127	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts	991:1158	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	6	62	theme	system	1539:1544	arg1	application					1508:1518	the potential application	1494:1518	the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition	1494:1593	The study indicated the potential application of TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system for bone remodeling under osteoporotic condition.
29025668	4	63	theme	tartrate-resistant	1093:1110	arg1	TRAP					1130:1133	TRAP	1130:1133	TRAP	1130:1133	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	63	theme	tartrate-resistant	1093:1110	arg1	phosphatase					1117:1127	tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase	1093:1127	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts	991:1158	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	5	64	theme	in	1247:1248	arg1	tests					1255:1259	the in vivo tests	1243:1259	the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing	1243:1315	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	4	65	theme	TiO2	1182:1185	arg1	nanotube					1187:1194	bare TiO2 nanotube	1177:1194	bare TiO2 nanotube	1177:1194	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	1	66	theme	localized	175:183	arg1	remodeling					190:199	the localized bone remodeling	171:199	the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants	171:226	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	3	67	theme	TiO2	855:858	arg1	arrays					869:874	TiO2 nanotube arrays	855:874	TiO2 nanotube arrays	855:874	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	3	68	theme	burst	829:833	arg1	release					835:841	the burst release	825:841	the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays	825:874	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	4	69	theme	alkaline	998:1005	arg1	ALP					1020:1022	ALP	1020:1022	ALP	1020:1022	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	69	theme	alkaline	998:1005	arg1	phosphatase					1007:1017	higher alkaline phosphatase	991:1017	higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	991:1032	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	5	70	theme	staining	1287:1294	arg1	tests					1255:1259	the in vivo tests	1243:1259	the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing	1243:1315	Moreover, the in vivo tests of micro-CT, histological staining and push-out testing showed that TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln implant could efficiently enhance the formation of new bone around the implant and promote bone binding in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	4	71	theme	bare	1177:1180	arg1	nanotube					1187:1194	bare TiO2 nanotube	1177:1194	bare TiO2 nanotube	1177:1194	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	1	72	theme	bone	185:188	arg1	remodeling					190:199	the localized bone remodeling	171:199	the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants	171:226	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	3	73	theme	nanotube	860:867	arg1	arrays					869:874	TiO2 nanotube arrays	855:874	TiO2 nanotube arrays	855:874	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	0	74	theme	capable	97:103	arg1	arrays					90:95	arrays	90:95	arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits	90:157	Sustained raloxifene release from hyaluronan-alendronate-functionalized titanium nanotube arrays capable of enhancing osseointegration in osteoporotic rabbits.
29025668	1	75	from	implants	219:226	arg1	remodeling					190:199	the localized bone remodeling	171:199	the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants	171:226	To enhance the localized bone remodeling at titanium-based implants under osteoporotic conditions, TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNT) were used as nanoreserviors for raloxifene (Ral) and then covered with the hybrid multilayered coating of chitosan and alendronate grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-Aln) via a spin-assisted layer-by-layer technique.
29025668	3	76	theme	Ral	896:898	arg1	concentration					900:912	stable Ral concentration	889:912	stable Ral concentration	889:912	The release test showed that the composited multilayers onto Ral-loaded TiO2 nanotube substrate (TNT/Ral) could prevent the burst release of Ral from TiO2 nanotube arrays and maintain stable Ral concentration at the implant site even after 192h.
29025668	4	77	from	activity	1025:1032	arg1	osteoclasts					1148:1158	osteoclasts	1148:1158	osteoclasts	1148:1158	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
29025668	4	77	from	activity	1025:1032	arg1	osteoblasts					1064:1074	osteoblasts	1064:1074	osteoblasts	1064:1074	The TNT/Ral/LBL-Aln system demonstrated higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization capability in osteoblasts as well as lower tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts compared to both bare TiO2 nanotube and TNT/Ral substrate, respectively.
25984895	2	0	theme	established	469:479	arg1	model					481:485	an established model	466:485	an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	466:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	0	theme	established	469:479	arg1	caerulescens					452:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	1	from	distribution	404:415	arg1	model					481:485	an established model	466:485	an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	466:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	1	from	distribution	404:415	arg1	caerulescens					452:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	6	2	dep	screening	1351:1359	arg1	a					1343:1343	a	1343:1343	a	1343:1343	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	3	theme	plant	1321:1325	arg1	tissues					1327:1333	plant tissues	1321:1333	plant tissues	1321:1333	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	0	4	theme	caerulescens	70:81	arg1	characterization					18:33	In vivo characterization	10:33	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.	0:82	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	3	5	theme	compositional	675:687	arg1	characterization					689:704	morphological and compositional characterization	657:704	morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues	657:721	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	6	6	theme	in	1285:1286	arg1	analysis					1309:1316	in vivo high-throughput analysis	1285:1316	in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues	1285:1333	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	4	7	theme	Ni	800:801	arg1	agar					813:816	Ni fortified agar	800:816	Ni fortified agar	800:816	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	5	8	from	stomata	1060:1066	arg1	respect					1112:1118	the cotyledon epidermidis respect	1086:1118	the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds	1086:1157	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	3	9	theme	proper	607:612	arg1	choice					614:619	the proper choice	603:619	the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues	603:721	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	6	10	theme	ESEM-EDS	1228:1235	arg1	technique					1237:1245	ESEM-EDS technique	1228:1245	ESEM-EDS technique	1228:1245	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	10	theme	ESEM-EDS	1228:1235	arg1	strategy					1272:1279	valid strategy	1266:1279	valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area	1266:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	11	theme	energy	281:286	arg1	EDS					319:321	EDS	319:321	EDS	319:321	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	11	theme	energy	281:286	arg1	spectrometer					305:316	energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer	281:316	energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)	281:322	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	4	12	theme	semi-quantitative	753:769	arg1	analysis					771:778	semi-quantitative analysis	753:778	semi-quantitative analysis	753:778	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	3	13	theme	low	549:551	arg1	conditions					583:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	5	14	theme	epidermidis	1100:1110	arg1	respect					1112:1118	the cotyledon epidermidis respect	1086:1118	the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds	1086:1157	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	6	15	theme	treatment	1211:1219	arg1	steps					1221:1225	sample treatment steps	1204:1225	sample treatment steps	1204:1225	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	3	16	theme	vacuum	553:558	arg1	conditions					583:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	5	17	theme	present	958:964	arg1	literature					966:975	present literature	958:975	present literature	958:975	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	2	18	dep	method	343:348	arg1	investigate					386:396	investigate	386:396	to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	383:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	18	dep	method	343:348	arg1	analyze					353:359	analyze	353:359	to analyze tissue morphology	350:377	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	5	19	theme	cotyledon	1090:1098	arg1	respect					1112:1118	the cotyledon epidermidis respect	1086:1118	the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds	1086:1157	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	6	20	theme	rapid	1345:1349	arg1	screening					1351:1359	screening	1351:1359	screening	1351:1359	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	3	21	theme	tissues	715:721	arg1	characterization					689:704	morphological and compositional characterization	657:704	morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues	657:721	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	5	22	theme	Ni	1001:1002	arg1	distribution					1004:1015	a preferential Ni distribution	986:1015	a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells	986:1038	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	5	23	from	distribution	1004:1015	arg1	cells					1034:1038	the epidermal cells	1020:1038	the epidermal cells	1020:1038	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	1	24	theme	native-hydrated	170:184	arg1	state					186:190	their native-hydrated state	164:190	their native-hydrated state	164:190	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	2	25	theme	Ni	424:425	arg1	model					481:485	an established model	466:485	an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	466:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	25	theme	Ni	424:425	arg1	caerulescens					452:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	5	26	theme	cotyledon	1123:1131	arg1	area					1144:1147	cotyledon parenchyma area	1123:1147	cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds	1123:1157	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	6	27	theme	plants	1406:1411	arg1	identification					1365:1378	identification	1365:1378	identification	1365:1378	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	27	theme	plants	1406:1411	arg1	screening					1351:1359	screening	1351:1359	screening	1351:1359	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	1	28	theme	Environmental	84:96	arg1	ESEM					128:131	ESEM	128:131	ESEM	128:131	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	1	28	theme	Environmental	84:96	arg1	microscopy					116:125	Environmental scanning electron microscopy	84:125	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM)	84:132	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	6	29	from	plants	1406:1411	arg1	area					1440:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	30	theme	valid	1266:1270	arg1	technique					1237:1245	ESEM-EDS technique	1228:1245	ESEM-EDS technique	1228:1245	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	30	theme	valid	1266:1270	arg1	strategy					1272:1279	valid strategy	1266:1279	valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area	1266:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	4	31	theme	endogenous	866:875	arg1	carbon					877:882	endogenous carbon	866:882	endogenous carbon	866:882	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	1	32	theme	scanning	98:105	arg1	ESEM					128:131	ESEM	128:131	ESEM	128:131	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	1	32	theme	scanning	98:105	arg1	microscopy					116:125	Environmental scanning electron microscopy	84:125	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM)	84:132	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	5	33	theme	obtained	918:925	arg1	results					927:933	The obtained results	914:933	The obtained results	914:933	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	6	34	theme	other	1383:1387	arg1	plants					1406:1411	other hyperaccumulator plants	1383:1411	other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area	1383:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	35	used	used	328:331	arg2	method					343:348	a fast method	336:348	a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	336:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	35	used	used	328:331	arg2	ESEM					262:265	ESEM	262:265	ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)	262:322	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	36	theme	X-ray	299:303	arg1	EDS					319:321	EDS	319:321	EDS	319:321	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	36	theme	X-ray	299:303	arg1	spectrometer					305:316	energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer	281:316	energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)	281:322	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	37	theme	metal	398:402	arg1	distribution					404:415	metal distribution	398:415	metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	398:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	0	38	theme	In	10:11	arg1	characterization					18:33	In vivo characterization	10:33	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.	0:82	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	6	39	theme	time	1189:1192	arg1	absence					1174:1180	the absence	1170:1180	the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps	1170:1225	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	40	theme	metalliferous	524:536	arg1	soils					538:542	metalliferous soils	524:542	metalliferous soils	524:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	3	41	theme	experimental	624:635	arg1	parameters					637:646	experimental parameters	624:646	experimental parameters	624:646	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	2	42	theme	dispersive	288:297	arg1	EDS					319:321	EDS	319:321	EDS	319:321	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	42	theme	dispersive	288:297	arg1	spectrometer					305:316	energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer	281:316	energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)	281:322	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	6	43	theme	contaminated	1427:1438	arg1	area					1440:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	5	44	theme	epidermal	1024:1032	arg1	cells					1034:1038	the epidermal cells	1020:1038	the epidermal cells	1020:1038	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	3	45	theme	parameters	637:646	arg1	choice					614:619	the proper choice	603:619	the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues	603:721	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	3	46	theme	mode	568:571	arg1	conditions					583:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	5	47	dep	respect	1040:1046	arg1	stomata					1060:1066	the stomata	1056:1066	the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds	1056:1157	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	1	48	theme	broad	204:208	arg1	spectrum					210:217	a broad spectrum	202:217	a broad spectrum of biological applications	202:244	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	6	49	theme	selected	1418:1425	arg1	area					1440:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	50	theme	hyperaccumulator	1389:1404	arg1	plants					1406:1411	other hyperaccumulator plants	1383:1411	other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area	1383:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	51	theme	plants	514:519	arg1	adaptation					500:509	the adaptation	496:509	the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	496:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	3	52	theme	operative	573:581	arg1	conditions					583:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions	545:592	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	6	53	dep	in	1285:1286	arg1	vivo					1288:1291	vivo	1288:1291	vivo	1288:1291	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	54	theme	Noccaea	444:450	arg1	model					481:485	an established model	466:485	an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	466:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	54	theme	Noccaea	444:450	arg1	caerulescens					452:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	4	55	theme	signal	834:839	arg1	respect					855:861	standard and signal normalization respect	821:861	respect	855:861	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	0	56	theme	hyperaccumulator	45:60	arg1	caerulescens					70:81	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	38:81	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	38:81	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	4	57	theme	normalization	841:853	arg1	respect					855:861	standard and signal normalization respect	821:861	respect	855:861	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	6	58	from	identification	1365:1378	arg1	area					1440:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	59	theme	hyperaccumulator	427:442	arg1	model					481:485	an established model	466:485	an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	466:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	59	theme	hyperaccumulator	427:442	arg1	caerulescens					452:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	420:463	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	3	60	theme	morphological	657:669	arg1	characterization					689:704	morphological and compositional characterization	657:704	morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues	657:721	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	3	61	theme	wet	564:566	arg1	mode					568:571	wet mode	564:571	wet mode	564:571	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	4	62	theme	agar	813:816	arg1	use					793:795	the use	789:795	the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard	789:911	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	4	63	theme	fortified	803:811	arg1	agar					813:816	Ni fortified agar	800:816	Ni fortified agar	800:816	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	4	64	theme	standard	821:828	arg1	respect					855:861	standard and signal normalization respect	821:861	respect	855:861	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	4	65	theme	calibration	728:738	arg1	strategy					740:747	The calibration strategy	724:747	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis	724:778	The calibration strategy for semi-quantitative analysis involved the use of Ni fortified agar as standard and signal normalization respect to endogenous carbon, chosen as internal standard.
25984895	1	66	theme	electron	107:114	arg1	ESEM					128:131	ESEM	128:131	ESEM	128:131	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	1	66	theme	electron	107:114	arg1	microscopy					116:125	Environmental scanning electron microscopy	84:125	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM)	84:132	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	6	67	theme	tissues	1327:1333	arg1	analysis					1309:1316	in vivo high-throughput analysis	1285:1316	in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues	1285:1333	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	68	theme	high-throughput	1293:1307	arg1	analysis					1309:1316	in vivo high-throughput analysis	1285:1316	in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues	1285:1333	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	69	from	area	1440:1443	arg1	identification					1365:1378	identification	1365:1378	identification	1365:1378	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	6	69	from	area	1440:1443	arg1	screening					1351:1359	screening	1351:1359	screening	1351:1359	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	0	70	dep	In	10:11	arg1	vivo					13:16	vivo	13:16	vivo	13:16	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	6	71	from	screening	1351:1359	arg1	area					1440:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	a selected contaminated area	1416:1443	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	1	72	theme	biological	222:231	arg1	applications					233:244	biological applications	222:244	biological applications	222:244	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	0	73	theme	Noccaea	62:68	arg1	caerulescens					70:81	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	38:81	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	38:81	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	5	74	theme	preferential	988:999	arg1	distribution					1004:1015	a preferential Ni distribution	986:1015	a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells	986:1038	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	6	75	theme	sample	1204:1209	arg1	steps					1221:1225	sample treatment steps	1204:1225	sample treatment steps	1204:1225	Thanks to the absence of any time consuming sample treatment steps, ESEM-EDS technique can be proposed as valid strategy for in vivo high-throughput analysis of plant tissues and for a rapid screening and identification of other hyperaccumulator plants in a selected contaminated area.
25984895	2	76	theme	tissue	361:366	arg1	morphology					368:377	tissue morphology	361:377	tissue morphology	361:377	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	1	77	theme	applications	233:244	arg1	spectrum					210:217	a broad spectrum	202:217	a broad spectrum of biological applications	202:244	Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) permits to analyze samples in their native-hydrated state, allowing a broad spectrum of biological applications.
25984895	0	78	theme	Ni	42:43	arg1	caerulescens					70:81	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	38:81	the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens	38:81	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	5	79	theme	parenchyma	1133:1142	arg1	area					1144:1147	cotyledon parenchyma area	1123:1147	cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds	1123:1157	The obtained results are in accordance with present literature, showing a preferential Ni distribution in the epidermal cells respect to near the stomata for leaves and in the cotyledon epidermidis respect to cotyledon parenchyma area for seeds.
25984895	0	80	dep	ESEM-EDS	0:7	arg1	characterization					18:33	In vivo characterization	10:33	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.	0:82	ESEM-EDS: In vivo characterization of the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens.
25984895	3	81	theme	plant	709:713	arg1	tissues					715:721	plant tissues	709:721	plant tissues	709:721	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25984895	2	82	theme	fast	338:341	arg1	ESEM					262:265	ESEM	262:265	ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)	262:322	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	2	82	theme	fast	338:341	arg1	method					343:348	a fast method	336:348	a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils	336:542	In this study, ESEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used as a fast method to analyze tissue morphology and to investigate metal distribution in the Ni hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens, an established model to study the adaptation of plants to metalliferous soils.
25984895	3	83	dep	parameters	637:646	arg1	both					648:651	both	648:651	both	648:651	The low vacuum and wet mode operative conditions required the proper choice of experimental parameters both for morphological and compositional characterization of plant tissues.
25428149	7	0	theme	isolates	1248:1255	arg1	type					1225:1228	type only 20	1225:1236	type only 20 of the 58 isolates	1225:1255	The LPS-mPCR correctly typed 57 of 58 isolates; Heddleston serotyping was able to correctly and unambiguously type only 20 of the 58 isolates.
25428149	1	1	theme	Pasteurella	149:159	arg1	agent					231:235	the causative agent	217:235	the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	217:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	1	theme	Pasteurella	149:159	arg1	pathogen					200:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen	174:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	174:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	1	theme	Pasteurella	149:159	arg1	multocida					161:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	2	theme	wide	242:245	arg1	range					247:251	a wide range	240:251	a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	240:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	2	theme	wide	242:245	arg1	humans					299:304	humans	299:304	humans	299:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	3	from	diseases	256:263	arg1	species					280:286	many animal species	268:286	many animal species	268:286	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	6	4	theme	classical	1030:1038	arg1	serotyping					1051:1060	classical Heddleston serotyping	1030:1060	classical Heddleston serotyping	1030:1060	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	1	5	theme	range	247:251	arg1	agent					231:235	the causative agent	217:235	the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	217:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	5	theme	range	247:251	arg1	pathogen					200:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen	174:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	174:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	5	theme	range	247:251	arg1	multocida					161:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	6	6	theme	Heddleston	1040:1049	arg1	serotyping					1051:1060	classical Heddleston serotyping	1030:1060	classical Heddleston serotyping	1030:1060	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	5	7	theme	loci	977:980	arg1	organization					929:940	the genetic organization	917:940	the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	917:980	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	4	8	theme	antisera	746:753	arg1	reproducibility					684:698	reproducibility	684:698	reproducibility	684:698	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	4	8	theme	antisera	746:753	arg1	accuracy					674:681	accuracy	674:681	accuracy	674:681	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	4	9	theme	serovar-specific	729:744	arg1	antisera					746:753	quality serovar-specific antisera	721:753	quality serovar-specific antisera	721:753	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	1	10	theme	diseases	256:263	arg1	range					247:251	a wide range	240:251	a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	240:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	10	theme	diseases	256:263	arg1	humans					299:304	humans	299:304	humans	299:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	5	11	from	biosynthesis	799:810	arg1	P.					815:816	P.	815:816	P.	815:816	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	5	12	theme	genetic	921:927	arg1	organization					929:940	the genetic organization	917:940	the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	917:980	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	2	13	theme	strains	364:370	arg1	differentiation					332:346	differentiation	332:346	differentiation of P. multocida strains	332:370	A widely used method for differentiation of P. multocida strains involves the Heddleston serotyping scheme.
25428149	0	14	theme	assay	37:41	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida	0:75	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	5	15	from	genetics	783:790	arg1	P.					815:816	P.	815:816	P.	815:816	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	1	16	from	species	280:286	arg1	range					247:251	a wide range	240:251	a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	240:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	16	from	species	280:286	arg1	humans					299:304	humans	299:304	humans	299:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	3	17	theme	lipopolysaccharide	515:532	arg1	serovars					540:547	16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars	501:547	16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	501:591	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	8	18	theme	genotyping	1313:1322	arg1	method					1324:1329	a highly accurate LPS genotyping method	1291:1329	a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains	1291:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	8	18	theme	genotyping	1313:1322	arg1	LPS-mPCR					1279:1286	our LPS-mPCR	1275:1286	our LPS-mPCR	1275:1286	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	5	19	theme	genetics	783:790	arg1	knowledge					766:774	our knowledge	762:774	our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida	762:826	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	1	20	theme	Gram-negative	176:188	arg1	agent					231:235	the causative agent	217:235	the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	217:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	20	theme	Gram-negative	176:188	arg1	pathogen					200:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen	174:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	174:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	20	theme	Gram-negative	176:188	arg1	multocida					161:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	21	theme	bacterial	190:198	arg1	agent					231:235	the causative agent	217:235	the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	217:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	21	theme	bacterial	190:198	arg1	pathogen					200:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen	174:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	174:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	21	theme	bacterial	190:198	arg1	multocida					161:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	0	22	theme	rapid	17:21	arg1	assay					37:41	a rapid multiplex PCR assay	15:41	a rapid multiplex PCR assay	15:41	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	1	23	theme	many	268:271	arg1	species					280:286	many animal species	268:286	many animal species	268:286	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	0	24	theme	outer	118:122	arg1	locus					142:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	4	25	theme	quality	721:727	arg1	antisera					746:753	quality serovar-specific antisera	721:753	quality serovar-specific antisera	721:753	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	5	26	theme	core	959:962	arg1	loci					977:980	the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	945:980	the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	945:980	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	3	27	theme	early	448:452	arg1	1970s					454:458	the early 1970s	444:458	the early 1970s	444:458	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	5	28	theme	biosynthesis	799:810	arg1	genetics					783:790	the genetics	779:790	the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida	779:826	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	1	29	theme	animal	273:278	arg1	species					280:286	many animal species	268:286	many animal species	268:286	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	0	30	theme	lipopolysaccharide	99:116	arg1	locus					142:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	8	31	theme	LPS	1309:1311	arg1	method					1324:1329	a highly accurate LPS genotyping method	1291:1329	a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains	1291:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	8	31	theme	LPS	1309:1311	arg1	LPS-mPCR					1279:1286	our LPS-mPCR	1275:1286	our LPS-mPCR	1275:1286	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	6	32	dep	compared	1016:1023	arg1	"					1113:1113	"	1113:1113	"	1113:1113	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	5	33	theme	LPS	795:797	arg1	biosynthesis					799:810	LPS biosynthesis	795:810	LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida	795:826	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	0	34	theme	PCR	33:35	arg1	assay					37:41	a rapid multiplex PCR assay	15:41	a rapid multiplex PCR assay	15:41	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	3	35	theme	multocida	478:486	arg1	strains					488:494	P. multocida strains	475:494	P. multocida strains	475:494	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	0	36	theme	biosynthesis	129:140	arg1	locus					142:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	8	37	theme	serotyping	1366:1375	arg1	scheme					1377:1382	the Heddleston serotyping scheme	1351:1382	the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains	1351:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	3	38	theme	diffusion	567:575	arg1	test					588:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	6	39	theme	LPS-mPCR	1003:1010	arg1	accuracy					987:994	The accuracy	983:994	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR	983:1010	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	2	40	theme	serotyping	396:405	arg1	scheme					407:412	the Heddleston serotyping scheme	381:412	the Heddleston serotyping scheme	381:412	A widely used method for differentiation of P. multocida strains involves the Heddleston serotyping scheme.
25428149	0	41	theme	multiplex	23:31	arg1	assay					37:41	a rapid multiplex PCR assay	15:41	a rapid multiplex PCR assay	15:41	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	1	42	from	range	247:251	arg1	species					280:286	many animal species	268:286	many animal species	268:286	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	4	43	with	problematic	631:641	arg1	difficulties					649:660	difficulties	649:660	difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera	649:753	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	3	44	theme	precipitin	577:586	arg1	test					588:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	2	45	theme	Heddleston	385:394	arg1	scheme					407:412	the Heddleston serotyping scheme	381:412	the Heddleston serotyping scheme	381:412	A widely used method for differentiation of P. multocida strains involves the Heddleston serotyping scheme.
25428149	5	46	theme	multiplex	849:857	arg1	mPCR					864:867	mPCR	864:867	mPCR	864:867	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	5	46	theme	multiplex	849:857	arg1	PCR					859:861	a multiplex PCR	847:861	a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	847:980	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	5	46	theme	multiplex	849:857	arg1	able					878:881	able	878:881	able	878:881	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	7	47	theme	Heddleston	1163:1172	arg1	serotyping					1174:1183	Heddleston serotyping	1163:1183	Heddleston serotyping	1163:1183	The LPS-mPCR correctly typed 57 of 58 isolates; Heddleston serotyping was able to correctly and unambiguously type only 20 of the 58 isolates.
25428149	3	48	theme	agar	558:561	arg1	test					588:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	3	49	theme	P.	475:476	arg1	strains					488:494	P. multocida strains	475:494	P. multocida strains	475:494	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	0	50	theme	core	124:127	arg1	locus					142:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	95:146	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	0	51	theme	locus	142:146	arg1	use					88:90	use	88:90	use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus	88:146	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	3	52	theme	gel	563:565	arg1	test					588:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	555:591	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
25428149	2	53	theme	used	316:319	arg1	method					321:326	A widely used method	307:326	A widely used method for differentiation of P. multocida strains	307:370	A widely used method for differentiation of P. multocida strains involves the Heddleston serotyping scheme.
25428149	5	54	theme	biosynthesis	964:975	arg1	loci					977:980	the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	945:980	the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	945:980	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	6	55	theme	compositional	1072:1084	arg1	standard					1104:1111	standard	1104:1111	standard	1104:1111	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	6	55	theme	compositional	1072:1084	arg1	data					1086:1089	LPS compositional data	1068:1089	LPS compositional data	1068:1089	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	8	56	theme	accurate	1300:1307	arg1	method					1324:1329	a highly accurate LPS genotyping method	1291:1329	a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains	1291:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	8	56	theme	accurate	1300:1307	arg1	LPS-mPCR					1279:1286	our LPS-mPCR	1275:1286	our LPS-mPCR	1275:1286	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	1	57	theme	causative	221:229	arg1	agent					231:235	the causative agent	217:235	the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	217:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	57	theme	causative	221:229	arg1	pathogen					200:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen	174:207	a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans	174:304	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	1	57	theme	causative	221:229	arg1	multocida					161:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida	149:169	Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is the causative agent of a wide range of diseases in many animal species, including humans.
25428149	5	58	from	P.	815:816	arg1	genetics					783:790	the genetics	779:790	the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida	779:826	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	8	59	theme	multocida	1413:1421	arg1	strains					1423:1429	P. multocida strains	1410:1429	P. multocida strains	1410:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	8	60	theme	strains	1423:1429	arg1	classification					1392:1405	the classification	1388:1405	the classification of P. multocida strains	1388:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	6	61	theme	LPS	1068:1070	arg1	standard					1104:1111	standard	1104:1111	standard	1104:1111	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	6	61	theme	LPS	1068:1070	arg1	data					1086:1089	LPS compositional data	1068:1089	LPS compositional data	1068:1089	The accuracy of the LPS-mPCR was compared with classical Heddleston serotyping using LPS compositional data as the "gold standard."
25428149	0	62	theme	Pasteurella	55:65	arg1	multocida					67:75	genotype Pasteurella multocida	46:75	genotype Pasteurella multocida	46:75	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	4	63	theme	diffusion	612:620	arg1	assay					622:626	this gel diffusion assay	603:626	this gel diffusion assay	603:626	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	8	64	theme	Heddleston	1355:1364	arg1	scheme					1377:1382	the Heddleston serotyping scheme	1351:1382	the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains	1351:1429	We conclude that our LPS-mPCR is a highly accurate LPS genotyping method that should replace the Heddleston serotyping scheme for the classification of P. multocida strains.
25428149	4	65	theme	gel	608:610	arg1	assay					622:626	this gel diffusion assay	603:626	this gel diffusion assay	603:626	However, this gel diffusion assay is problematic, with difficulties reported in accuracy, reproducibility, and the sourcing of quality serovar-specific antisera.
25428149	2	66	theme	P.	351:352	arg1	strains					364:370	P. multocida strains	351:370	P. multocida strains	351:370	A widely used method for differentiation of P. multocida strains involves the Heddleston serotyping scheme.
25428149	0	67	theme	genotype	46:53	arg1	multocida					67:75	genotype Pasteurella multocida	46:75	genotype Pasteurella multocida	46:75	Development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay to genotype Pasteurella multocida strains by use of the lipopolysaccharide outer core biosynthesis locus.
25428149	5	68	theme	outer	953:957	arg1	loci					977:980	the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	945:980	the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci	945:980	Using our knowledge of the genetics of LPS biosynthesis in P. multocida, we have developed a multiplex PCR (mPCR) that is able to differentiate strains based on the genetic organization of the LPS outer core biosynthesis loci.
25428149	3	69	theme	somatic	504:510	arg1	serovars					540:547	16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars	501:547	16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test	501:591	This scheme was developed in the early 1970s and classifies P. multocida strains into 16 somatic or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serovars using an agar gel diffusion precipitin test.
24861533	8	0	from	samples	1032:1038	arg1	RESULTS					1017:1023	RESULTS	1017:1023	RESULTS Eighty samples from 17 preterm mothers	1017:1062	RESULTS Eighty samples from 17 preterm mothers were collected.
24861533	10	1	theme	phosphate	1288:1296	arg1	concentration					1310:1322	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	14	2	theme	mass	2013:2016	arg1	monitoring					1989:1998	close monitoring	1983:1998	close monitoring of body bone mass	1983:2016	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	11	3	theme	lysozyme	1505:1512	arg1	levels					1526:1531	lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels	1505:1531	lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels	1505:1531	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	1	4	theme	<	218:218	arg1	infants					195:201	preterm infants	187:201	preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	187:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	4	theme	<	218:218	arg1	weeks					223:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	12	5	theme	milk	1614:1617	arg1	components					1593:1602	most components	1588:1602	most components of breast milk	1588:1617	Furthermore, there were no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers.
24861533	14	6	theme	body	2003:2006	arg1	mass					2013:2016	body bone mass	2003:2016	body bone mass	2003:2016	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	11	7	dep	calcium	1435:1441	arg1	p					1444:1444	p	1444:1444	p = 0.919	1444:1452	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	13	8	with	compatible	1830:1839	arg1	results					1850:1856	the results	1846:1856	the results of previous studies	1846:1876	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	11	9	theme	=	1517:1517	arg1	p					1515:1515	p	1515:1515	p = 0.561	1515:1523	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	5	10	theme	mid-infrared	696:707	arg1	analyzer					720:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	8	11	theme	Eighty	1025:1030	arg1	samples					1032:1038	Eighty samples	1025:1038	Eighty samples	1025:1038	RESULTS Eighty samples from 17 preterm mothers were collected.
24861533	10	12	theme	=	1253:1253	arg1	p					1251:1251	p = 0.001	1251:1259	p = 0.001	1251:1259	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	12	theme	=	1253:1253	arg1	lipid					1244:1248	lipid	1244:1248	lipid (p = 0.001)	1244:1260	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	13	theme	<	1234:1234	arg1	lactose					1223:1229	lactose	1223:1229	lactose (p < 0.001)	1223:1241	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	13	theme	<	1234:1234	arg1	p					1232:1232	p < 0.001	1232:1240	p < 0.001	1232:1240	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	13	14	theme	macronutrient	1724:1736	arg1	contents					1738:1745	macronutrient contents	1724:1745	macronutrient contents	1724:1745	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	1	15	theme	breast	157:162	arg1	milk					164:167	breast milk	157:167	breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	157:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	6	16	theme	Calcium	789:795	arg1	components					811:820	Calcium and phosphate components	789:820	Calcium and phosphate components	789:820	Calcium and phosphate components were checked via spectrophotometry.
24861533	2	17	from	mothers	299:305	arg1	milk					286:289	METHODS Breast milk	271:289	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants	271:339	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants was collected longitudinally for 4-6 weeks.
24861533	13	18	theme	IgA	1761:1763	arg1	concentration					1765:1777	secretory IgA concentration	1751:1777	secretory IgA concentration	1751:1777	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	8	19	theme	preterm	1048:1054	arg1	mothers					1056:1062	17 preterm mothers	1045:1062	17 preterm mothers	1045:1062	RESULTS Eighty samples from 17 preterm mothers were collected.
24861533	11	20	dep	=	1446:1446	arg1	0.919					1448:1452	0.919	1448:1452	0.919	1448:1452	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	5	21	used	used	733:736	arg2	analyzer					720:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	1	22	from	mothers	174:180	arg1	composition					142:152	composition	142:152	composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	142:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	22	from	mothers	174:180	arg1	milk					164:167	breast milk	157:167	breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	157:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	4	23	theme	components	563:572	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	10	24	theme	p	1350:1350	arg1	protein					1341:1347	protein	1341:1347	protein (p < 0.001)	1341:1359	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	24	theme	p	1350:1350	arg1	<					1352:1352	p < 0.001	1350:1358	p < 0.001	1350:1358	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	7	25	theme	immune	886:891	arg1	lysozyme					933:940	lysozyme	933:940	lysozyme	933:940	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	25	theme	immune	886:891	arg1	leptin					947:952	leptin	947:952	leptin	947:952	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	25	theme	immune	886:891	arg1	lactoferrin					920:930	lactoferrin	920:930	lactoferrin	920:930	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	25	theme	immune	886:891	arg1	components					893:902	major immune components	880:902	major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin)	880:953	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	25	theme	immune	886:891	arg1	IgA					915:917	secretory IgA	905:917	secretory IgA	905:917	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	9	26	theme	gestational	1089:1099	arg1	weeks					1122:1126	29.88 ± 2.39 weeks	1109:1126	29.88 ± 2.39 weeks	1109:1126	The mean gestational age was 29.88 ± 2.39 weeks.
24861533	9	26	theme	gestational	1089:1099	arg1	age					1101:1103	The mean gestational age	1080:1103	The mean gestational age	1080:1103	The mean gestational age was 29.88 ± 2.39 weeks.
24861533	7	27	link	enzyme-linked	977:989	arg1	kits					1011:1014	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits	977:1014	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits	977:1014	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	4	28	theme	immunoglobulin	585:598	arg1	IgA					603:605	IgA	603:605	IgA	603:605	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	4	28	theme	immunoglobulin	585:598	arg1	A					600:600	[secretory immunoglobulin A	574:600	immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA)	556:606	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	4	29	dep	components	563:572	arg1	IgA					603:605	IgA	603:605	IgA	603:605	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	4	29	dep	components	563:572	arg1	A					600:600	[secretory immunoglobulin A	574:600	immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA)	556:606	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	11	30	theme	=	1446:1446	arg1	p					1444:1444	p	1444:1444	p = 0.919	1444:1452	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	31	dep	lactoferrin	1456:1466	arg1	p					1469:1469	p	1469:1469	p = 0.841	1469:1477	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	1	32	theme	study	102:106	arg1	aim					91:93	The primary aim	79:93	The primary aim of the study	79:106	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	10	33	from	changes	1152:1158	arg1	components					1172:1181	nutrient components	1163:1181	nutrient components	1163:1181	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	9	34	theme	±	1115:1115	arg1	weeks					1122:1126	29.88 ± 2.39 weeks	1109:1126	29.88 ± 2.39 weeks	1109:1126	The mean gestational age was 29.88 ± 2.39 weeks.
24861533	9	34	theme	±	1115:1115	arg1	age					1101:1103	The mean gestational age	1080:1103	The mean gestational age	1080:1103	The mean gestational age was 29.88 ± 2.39 weeks.
24861533	7	35	theme	assay	1005:1009	arg1	kits					1011:1014	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits	977:1014	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits	977:1014	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	11	36	theme	=	1491:1491	arg1	leptin					1481:1486	leptin	1481:1486	leptin (p = 0.092)	1481:1498	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	36	theme	=	1491:1491	arg1	0.092					1493:1497	p = 0.092	1489:1497	p = 0.092	1489:1497	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	1	37	dep	BACKGROUND	68:77	arg1	was					108:110	was	108:110	was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation	108:268	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	15	38	theme	More	2036:2039	arg1	studies					2041:2047	More studies	2036:2047	More studies	2036:2047	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	0	39	from	Changes	0:6	arg1	content					40:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content	11:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month	11:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	4	40	theme	leptin	609:614	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	6	41	theme	phosphate	801:809	arg1	components					811:820	Calcium and phosphate components	789:820	Calcium and phosphate components	789:820	Calcium and phosphate components were checked via spectrophotometry.
24861533	0	42	from	content	40:46	arg1	month					61:65	the first month	51:65	the first month	51:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	4	43	theme	lysozyme	617:624	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	14	44	theme	preterm	1914:1920	arg1	milk					1929:1932	preterm breast milk	1914:1932	preterm breast milk	1914:1932	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	13	45	theme	4-6	1804:1806	arg1	week					1808:1811	week	1808:1811	week	1808:1811	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	13	46	theme	longitudinal	1673:1684	arg1	study					1686:1690	The longitudinal study	1669:1690	The longitudinal study	1669:1690	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	15	47	theme	components	2130:2139	arg1	alterations					2104:2114	alterations	2104:2114	alterations of major milk components	2104:2139	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	13	48	theme	studies	1870:1876	arg1	results					1850:1856	the results	1846:1856	the results of previous studies	1846:1876	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	14	49	theme	phosphate	1901:1909	arg1	quantification					1883:1896	The quantification	1879:1896	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk	1879:1932	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	14	49	theme	phosphate	1901:1909	arg1	lower					1938:1942	lower	1938:1942	lower	1938:1942	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	10	50	theme	secretory	1365:1373	arg1	IgA					1375:1377	secretory IgA	1365:1377	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	50	theme	secretory	1365:1373	arg1	p					1380:1380	p < 0.001	1380:1388	p < 0.001	1380:1388	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	15	51	theme	major	2119:2123	arg1	components					2130:2139	major milk components	2119:2139	major milk components	2119:2139	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	11	52	dep	lysozyme	1505:1512	arg1	p					1515:1515	p	1515:1515	p = 0.561	1515:1523	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	10	53	theme	=	1274:1274	arg1	calorie					1263:1269	calorie	1263:1269	calorie (p = 0.012)	1263:1281	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	53	theme	=	1274:1274	arg1	0.012					1276:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	54	theme	significant	1140:1150	arg1	changes					1152:1158	significant changes	1140:1158	significant changes in nutrient components	1140:1181	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	0	55	theme	preterm	11:17	arg1	content					40:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content	11:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month	11:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	13	56	theme	previous	1861:1868	arg1	studies					1870:1876	previous studies	1861:1876	previous studies	1861:1876	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	5	57	theme	lactose	771:777	arg1	contents					779:786	the protein, fat, and lactose contents	749:786	the protein, fat, and lactose contents	749:786	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	10	58	theme	<	1382:1382	arg1	IgA					1375:1377	secretory IgA	1365:1377	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	58	theme	<	1382:1382	arg1	p					1380:1380	p < 0.001	1380:1388	p < 0.001	1380:1388	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	0	59	theme	milk	26:29	arg1	content					40:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content	11:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month	11:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	7	60	theme	enzyme-linked	977:989	arg1	kits					1011:1014	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits	977:1014	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits	977:1014	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	14	61	from	quantification	1883:1896	arg1	milk					1929:1932	preterm breast milk	1914:1932	preterm breast milk	1914:1932	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	3	62	theme	infants	426:432	arg1	mothers					405:411	15 mothers	402:411	15 mothers of full-term infants	402:432	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants was also collected at the 1(st) week and 4(th) week.
24861533	12	63	from	differences	1573:1583	arg1	components					1593:1602	most components	1588:1602	most components of breast milk	1588:1617	Furthermore, there were no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	lactose					1223:1229	lactose	1223:1229	lactose (p < 0.001)	1223:1241	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	protein					1341:1347	protein	1341:1347	protein (p < 0.001)	1341:1359	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	lipid					1244:1248	lipid	1244:1248	lipid (p = 0.001)	1244:1260	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	calorie					1263:1269	calorie	1263:1269	calorie (p = 0.012)	1263:1281	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	p					1251:1251	p = 0.001	1251:1259	p = 0.001	1251:1259	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	concentration					1310:1322	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	p					1232:1232	p < 0.001	1232:1240	p < 0.001	1232:1240	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	<					1352:1352	p < 0.001	1350:1358	p < 0.001	1350:1358	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	concentration					1391:1403	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	64	from	increases	1210:1218	arg1	0.012					1276:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	3	65	from	mothers	405:411	arg1	milk					392:395	Breast milk	385:395	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants	385:432	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants was also collected at the 1(st) week and 4(th) week.
24861533	2	66	theme	METHODS	271:277	arg1	milk					286:289	METHODS Breast milk	271:289	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants	271:339	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants was collected longitudinally for 4-6 weeks.
24861533	1	67	theme	preterm	187:193	arg1	infants					195:201	preterm infants	187:201	preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	187:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	67	theme	preterm	187:193	arg1	weeks					223:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	4	68	theme	Fat	487:489	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	10	69	theme	=	1301:1301	arg1	phosphate					1288:1296	phosphate	1288:1296	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	69	theme	=	1301:1301	arg1	0.022					1303:1307	p = 0.022	1299:1307	p = 0.022	1299:1307	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	4	70	dep	minerals	518:525	arg1	phosphate					540:548	phosphate	540:548	phosphate	540:548	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	4	70	dep	minerals	518:525	arg1	calcium					528:534	calcium	528:534	calcium	528:534	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	4	70	dep	minerals	518:525	arg1	minerals					518:525	minerals	518:525	minerals (calcium and phosphate)	518:549	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	12	71	theme	most	1588:1591	arg1	components					1593:1602	most components	1588:1602	most components of breast milk	1588:1617	Furthermore, there were no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers.
24861533	4	72	theme	protein	492:498	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	1	73	theme	age	214:216	arg1	infants					195:201	preterm infants	187:201	preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	187:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	73	theme	age	214:216	arg1	weeks					223:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	13	74	theme	significant	1701:1711	arg1	changes					1713:1719	significant changes	1701:1719	significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk	1701:1793	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	14	75	theme	bone	2008:2011	arg1	mass					2013:2016	body bone mass	2003:2016	body bone mass	2003:2016	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	12	76	theme	breast	1607:1612	arg1	milk					1614:1617	breast milk	1607:1617	breast milk	1607:1617	Furthermore, there were no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers.
24861533	4	77	theme	minerals	518:525	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	14	78	theme	close	1983:1987	arg1	monitoring					1989:1998	close monitoring	1983:1998	close monitoring of body bone mass	1983:2016	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	5	79	theme	human	709:713	arg1	analyzer					720:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	7	80	theme	secretory	905:913	arg1	components					893:902	major immune components	880:902	major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin)	880:953	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	80	theme	secretory	905:913	arg1	IgA					915:917	secretory IgA	905:917	secretory IgA	905:917	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	1	81	theme	milk	164:167	arg1	composition					142:152	composition	142:152	composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	142:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	4	82	theme	lactose	501:507	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	13	83	from	changes	1713:1719	arg1	concentration					1765:1777	secretory IgA concentration	1751:1777	secretory IgA concentration	1751:1777	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	13	83	from	changes	1713:1719	arg1	milk					1790:1793	preterm milk	1782:1793	preterm milk	1782:1793	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	13	83	from	changes	1713:1719	arg1	contents					1738:1745	macronutrient contents	1724:1745	macronutrient contents	1724:1745	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	11	84	theme	=	1471:1471	arg1	p					1469:1469	p	1469:1469	p = 0.841	1469:1477	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	7	85	theme	components	893:902	arg1	concentrations					862:875	The concentrations	858:875	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin)	858:953	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	5	86	theme	milk	715:718	arg1	analyzer					720:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer	694:727	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	4	87	theme	energy	510:515	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	11	88	theme	p	1489:1489	arg1	leptin					1481:1486	leptin	1481:1486	leptin (p = 0.092)	1481:1498	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	88	theme	p	1489:1489	arg1	0.092					1493:1497	p = 0.092	1489:1497	p = 0.092	1489:1497	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	7	89	theme	major	880:884	arg1	lysozyme					933:940	lysozyme	933:940	lysozyme	933:940	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	89	theme	major	880:884	arg1	leptin					947:952	leptin	947:952	leptin	947:952	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	89	theme	major	880:884	arg1	lactoferrin					920:930	lactoferrin	920:930	lactoferrin	920:930	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	89	theme	major	880:884	arg1	components					893:902	major immune components	880:902	major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin)	880:953	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	89	theme	major	880:884	arg1	IgA					915:917	secretory IgA	905:917	secretory IgA	905:917	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	9	90	theme	mean	1084:1087	arg1	weeks					1122:1126	29.88 ± 2.39 weeks	1109:1126	29.88 ± 2.39 weeks	1109:1126	The mean gestational age was 29.88 ± 2.39 weeks.
24861533	9	90	theme	mean	1084:1087	arg1	age					1101:1103	The mean gestational age	1080:1103	The mean gestational age	1080:1103	The mean gestational age was 29.88 ± 2.39 weeks.
24861533	12	91	theme	significant	1561:1571	arg1	differences					1573:1583	no significant differences	1558:1583	no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers	1558:1655	Furthermore, there were no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers.
24861533	4	92	theme	immune	556:561	arg1	components					563:572	immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA)	556:606	immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA)	556:606	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	5	93	theme	protein	753:759	arg1	contents					779:786	the protein, fat, and lactose contents	749:786	the protein, fat, and lactose contents	749:786	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	4	94	theme	[secretory	574:583	arg1	IgA					603:605	IgA	603:605	IgA	603:605	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	4	94	theme	[secretory	574:583	arg1	A					600:600	[secretory immunoglobulin A	574:600	immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA)	556:606	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	14	95	theme	normal	1953:1958	arg1	range					1960:1964	the normal range	1949:1964	the normal range	1949:1964	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	3	96	theme	Breast	385:390	arg1	milk					392:395	Breast milk	385:395	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants	385:432	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants was also collected at the 1(st) week and 4(th) week.
24861533	0	97	theme	first	55:59	arg1	month					61:65	the first month	51:65	the first month	51:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	13	98	theme	secretory	1751:1759	arg1	IgA					1761:1763	secretory IgA	1751:1763	secretory IgA concentration	1751:1777	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	15	99	theme	clinical	2079:2086	arg1	significance					2088:2099	the clinical significance	2075:2099	the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components	2075:2139	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	3	100	dep	week	466:469	arg1	st					462:463	st	462:463	st	462:463	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants was also collected at the 1(st) week and 4(th) week.
24861533	3	100	dep	week	466:469	arg1	the					456:458	the	456:458	the	456:458	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants was also collected at the 1(st) week and 4(th) week.
24861533	11	101	from	differences	1420:1430	arg1	leptin					1481:1486	leptin	1481:1486	leptin (p = 0.092)	1481:1498	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	101	from	differences	1420:1430	arg1	levels					1526:1531	lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels	1505:1531	lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels	1505:1531	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	101	from	differences	1420:1430	arg1	lactoferrin					1456:1466	lactoferrin	1456:1466	lactoferrin (p = 0.841)	1456:1478	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	101	from	differences	1420:1430	arg1	0.092					1493:1497	p = 0.092	1489:1497	p = 0.092	1489:1497	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	11	101	from	differences	1420:1430	arg1	calcium					1435:1441	calcium	1435:1441	calcium (p = 0.919)	1435:1453	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	13	102	theme	week	1808:1811	arg1	period					1813:1818	the 4-6 week period	1800:1818	the 4-6 week period	1800:1818	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	13	102	theme	week	1808:1811	arg1	compatible					1830:1839	compatible	1830:1839	compatible	1830:1839	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	11	103	dep	=	1471:1471	arg1	0.841					1473:1477	0.841	1473:1477	0.841	1473:1477	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	1	104	from	composition	142:152	arg1	mothers					174:180	mothers	174:180	mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	174:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	105	from	changes	131:137	arg1	composition					142:152	composition	142:152	composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	142:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	14	106	theme	breast	1922:1927	arg1	milk					1929:1932	preterm breast milk	1914:1932	preterm breast milk	1914:1932	The quantification of phosphate in preterm breast milk was lower than the normal range, suggesting that close monitoring of body bone mass may be indicated.
24861533	15	107	theme	postnatal	2152:2160	arg1	stage					2162:2166	the postnatal stage	2148:2166	the postnatal stage	2148:2166	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	10	108	theme	IgA	1375:1377	arg1	concentration					1391:1403	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	7	109	dep	components	893:902	arg1	lysozyme					933:940	lysozyme	933:940	lysozyme	933:940	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	109	dep	components	893:902	arg1	leptin					947:952	leptin	947:952	leptin	947:952	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	109	dep	components	893:902	arg1	lactoferrin					920:930	lactoferrin	920:930	lactoferrin	920:930	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	109	dep	components	893:902	arg1	components					893:902	major immune components	880:902	major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin)	880:953	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	7	109	dep	components	893:902	arg1	IgA					915:917	secretory IgA	905:917	secretory IgA	905:917	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	5	110	theme	fat	762:764	arg1	contents					779:786	the protein, fat, and lactose contents	749:786	the protein, fat, and lactose contents	749:786	A mid-infrared human milk analyzer was used to measure the protein, fat, and lactose contents.
24861533	13	111	theme	preterm	1782:1788	arg1	milk					1790:1793	preterm milk	1782:1793	preterm milk	1782:1793	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	7	112	dep	enzyme-linked	977:989	arg1	immunosorbent					991:1003	immunosorbent	991:1003	immunosorbent	991:1003	The concentrations of major immune components (secretory IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, and leptin) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
24861533	0	113	theme	breast	19:24	arg1	content					40:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content	11:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month	11:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	1	114	with	mothers	174:180	arg1	infants					195:201	preterm infants	187:201	preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	187:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	114	with	mothers	174:180	arg1	weeks					223:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	15	115	theme	milk	2125:2128	arg1	components					2130:2139	major milk components	2119:2139	major milk components	2119:2139	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	1	116	theme	primary	83:89	arg1	aim					91:93	The primary aim	79:93	The primary aim of the study	79:106	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	10	117	theme	p	1272:1272	arg1	calorie					1263:1269	calorie	1263:1269	calorie (p = 0.012)	1263:1281	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	117	theme	p	1272:1272	arg1	0.012					1276:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	0	118	theme	nutrient	31:38	arg1	content					40:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content	11:46	preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month	11:65	Changes in preterm breast milk nutrient content in the first month.
24861533	1	119	theme	first	241:245	arg1	weeks					251:255	the first 4-6 weeks	237:255	the first 4-6 weeks of lactation	237:268	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	11	120	dep	=	1517:1517	arg1	0.561					1519:1523	0.561	1519:1523	0.561	1519:1523	There were no differences in calcium (p = 0.919), lactoferrin (p = 0.841), leptin (p = 0.092), and lysozyme (p = 0.561) levels.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	protein					1341:1347	protein	1341:1347	protein (p < 0.001)	1341:1359	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	lactose					1223:1229	lactose	1223:1229	lactose (p < 0.001)	1223:1241	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	lipid					1244:1248	lipid	1244:1248	lipid (p = 0.001)	1244:1260	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	calorie					1263:1269	calorie	1263:1269	calorie (p = 0.012)	1263:1281	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	p					1251:1251	p = 0.001	1251:1259	p = 0.001	1251:1259	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	concentration					1310:1322	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	p					1232:1232	p < 0.001	1232:1240	p < 0.001	1232:1240	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	<					1352:1352	p < 0.001	1350:1358	p < 0.001	1350:1358	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	concentration					1391:1403	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration	1365:1403	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	121	from	decreases	1328:1336	arg1	0.012					1276:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	p = 0.012	1272:1280	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	12	122	dep	full-term	1627:1635	arg1	mothers					1649:1655	mothers	1649:1655	mothers	1649:1655	Furthermore, there were no significant differences in most components of breast milk between full-term and preterm mothers.
24861533	13	123	dep	CONCLUSION	1658:1667	arg1	revealed					1692:1699	revealed	1692:1699	revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies	1692:1876	CONCLUSION The longitudinal study revealed significant changes in macronutrient contents and secretory IgA concentration in preterm milk over the 4-6 week period, which is compatible with the results of previous studies.
24861533	8	124	dep	samples	1032:1038	arg1	mothers					1056:1062	17 preterm mothers	1045:1062	17 preterm mothers	1045:1062	RESULTS Eighty samples from 17 preterm mothers were collected.
24861533	10	125	theme	nutrient	1163:1170	arg1	components					1172:1181	nutrient components	1163:1181	nutrient components	1163:1181	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	2	126	theme	Breast	279:284	arg1	milk					286:289	METHODS Breast milk	271:289	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants	271:339	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants was collected longitudinally for 4-6 weeks.
24861533	1	127	theme	lactation	260:268	arg1	weeks					251:255	the first 4-6 weeks	237:255	the first 4-6 weeks of lactation	237:268	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	15	128	theme	alterations	2104:2114	arg1	significance					2088:2099	the clinical significance	2075:2099	the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components	2075:2139	More studies are warranted to evaluate the clinical significance of alterations of major milk components during the postnatal stage.
24861533	3	129	theme	full-term	416:424	arg1	infants					426:432	full-term infants	416:432	full-term infants	416:432	Breast milk from 15 mothers of full-term infants was also collected at the 1(st) week and 4(th) week.
24861533	2	130	theme	preterm	325:331	arg1	infants					333:339	preterm infants	325:339	preterm infants	325:339	METHODS Breast milk from 17 mothers who had delivered preterm infants was collected longitudinally for 4-6 weeks.
24861533	10	131	theme	p	1299:1299	arg1	phosphate					1288:1296	phosphate	1288:1296	phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration	1288:1322	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	10	131	theme	p	1299:1299	arg1	0.022					1303:1307	p = 0.022	1299:1307	p = 0.022	1299:1307	There were significant changes in nutrient components during these periods, with increases in lactose (p < 0.001), lipid (p = 0.001), calorie (p = 0.012), and phosphate (p = 0.022) concentration and decreases in protein (p < 0.001) and secretory IgA (p < 0.001) concentration.
24861533	4	132	theme	lactoferrin	631:641	arg1	content					644:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content	487:650	Fat, protein, lactose, energy, minerals (calcium and phosphate), and immune components [secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), leptin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin] content were measured weekly in each participant.
24861533	1	133	theme	gestation	204:212	arg1	infants					195:201	preterm infants	187:201	preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks)	187:228	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
24861533	1	133	theme	gestation	204:212	arg1	weeks					223:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	gestation age < 35 weeks	204:227	BACKGROUND The primary aim of the study was to investigate the changes in composition of breast milk from mothers with preterm infants (gestation age < 35 weeks) during the first 4-6 weeks of lactation.
28553873	2	0	from	impact	187:192	arg1	concentration					209:221	electrolyte concentration	197:221	electrolyte concentration	197:221	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	0	from	impact	187:192	arg1	balance					237:243	metabolic balance	227:243	metabolic balance	227:243	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	14	1	from	drop	1805:1808	arg1	concentration					1841:1853	bicarbonate concentration	1829:1853	bicarbonate concentration	1829:1853	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	14	1	from	drop	1805:1808	arg1	excess					1818:1823	base excess	1813:1823	base excess	1813:1823	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	9	2	theme	comparable	1178:1187	arg1	degree					1189:1194	comparable degree	1178:1194	comparable degree of haemodilution	1178:1211	RESULTS All fluids caused comparable degree of haemodilution.
28553873	5	3	dep	comprised	600:608	arg1	withdrawn					804:812	withdrawn	804:812	were withdrawn	799:812	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	8	4	dep	crystalloid	977:987	arg1	Poland					1011:1016	Poland	1011:1016	Poland	1011:1016	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	8	4	dep	crystalloid	977:987	arg1	Baxter					1003:1008	Baxter	1003:1008	Baxter	1003:1008	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	2	5	theme	BACKGROUND	121:130	arg1	agents					298:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	5	theme	BACKGROUND	121:130	arg1	fluids					152:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids	121:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use	121:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	4	6	from	electrolytes	517:528	arg1	setting					571:577	an in vitro setting	559:577	an in vitro setting	559:577	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	20	7	theme	blood	2431:2435	arg1	analysis					2441:2448	arterial blood gas analysis	2422:2448	arterial blood gas analysis	2422:2448	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	6	8	theme	4:1	846:848	arg1	ratio					850:854	4:1 ratio	846:854	4:1 ratio with the study solutions	846:879	The whole blood was diluted in 4:1 ratio with the study solutions to make an end-concentration of 20 vol.
28553873	5	9	theme	aged	717:720	arg1	kg					771:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	9	theme	aged	717:720	arg1	volunteers					626:635	32 healthy male volunteers	610:635	32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality)	610:714	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	20	10	theme	gas	2437:2439	arg1	analysis					2441:2448	arterial blood gas analysis	2422:2448	arterial blood gas analysis	2422:2448	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	16	11	theme	strong	2040:2045	arg1	value					2062:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	HES and GEL caused a statistically significant drop in strong ion difference value.
28553873	17	12	theme	GEL	2110:2112	arg1	pronounced					2123:2132	pronounced	2123:2132	pronounced	2123:2132	Due to high lactate level, the effect of GEL was most pronounced.
28553873	17	12	theme	GEL	2110:2112	arg1	effect					2100:2105	the effect	2096:2105	the effect of GEL	2096:2112	Due to high lactate level, the effect of GEL was most pronounced.
28553873	3	13	dep	body	325:328	arg1	individualised					376:389	individualised	376:389	individualised	376:389	There is a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions.
28553873	3	13	dep	body	325:328	arg1	based					406:410	based	406:410	based on balanced solutions	406:432	There is a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions.
28553873	16	14	theme	difference	2051:2060	arg1	value					2062:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	HES and GEL caused a statistically significant drop in strong ion difference value.
28553873	2	15	theme	pharmacological	282:296	arg1	agents					298:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	15	theme	pharmacological	282:296	arg1	fluids					152:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids	121:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use	121:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	10	16	dep	decreased	1225:1233	arg1	mmol/L					1240:1245	104 mmol/L	1236:1245	104 mmol/L	1236:1245	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	10	16	dep	decreased	1225:1233	arg1	whereas					1329:1335	whereas	1329:1335	whereas	1329:1335	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	2	17	contain	have	179:182	arg2	impact					187:192	an impact	184:192	an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance	184:243	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	17	contain	have	179:182	arg1	agents					298:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	17	contain	have	179:182	arg1	fluids					152:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids	121:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use	121:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	14	18	theme	p	1795:1795	arg1	<					1797:1797	p < 0.05	1795:1802	p < 0.05	1795:1802	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	5	19	theme	acute/chronic	661:673	arg1	disorder					675:682	any acute/chronic disorder	657:682	any acute/chronic disorder	657:682	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	10	20	dep	109	1379:1381	arg1	IQR					1384:1386	IQR 108-110	1384:1394	IQR 108-110	1384:1394	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	20	21	theme	arterial	2422:2429	arg1	analysis					2441:2448	arterial blood gas analysis	2422:2448	arterial blood gas analysis	2422:2448	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	5	22	theme	blood	785:789	arg1	samples					791:797	blood samples	785:797	blood samples	785:797	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	3	23	theme	growing	317:323	arg1	body					325:328	a growing body	315:328	a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions	315:432	There is a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions.
28553873	20	24	theme	concentrations	2586:2599	arg1	assessment					2554:2563	assessment	2554:2563	assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference	2554:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	12	25	dep	mOsm/kg	1638:1644	arg1	280.9					1632:1636	280.9	1632:1636	280.9	1632:1636	PL and HES decreased osmolality (277.2 mOsm/kg, IQR 275.7-278.4; and 280.9 mOsm/kg, IQR 279.3-282.0, respectively).
28553873	5	26	theme	metabolic	693:701	arg1	abnormality					703:713	known metabolic abnormality	687:713	known metabolic abnormality	687:713	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	2	27	theme	metabolic	227:235	arg1	balance					237:243	metabolic balance	227:243	metabolic balance	227:243	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	6	28	theme	study	865:869	arg1	solutions					871:879	the study solutions	861:879	the study solutions	861:879	The whole blood was diluted in 4:1 ratio with the study solutions to make an end-concentration of 20 vol.
28553873	5	29	dep	21-35	722:726	arg1	4					734:734	4	734:734	4	734:734	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	18	30	from	impact	2211:2216	arg1	electrolyte					2234:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	18	30	from	impact	2211:2216	arg1	equilibrium					2261:2271	meta-bolic equilibrium	2250:2271	meta-bolic equilibrium	2250:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	4	31	theme	fluids	507:512	arg1	impact					468:473	the impact	464:473	the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting	464:577	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	8	32	theme	test	944:947	arg1	solutions					949:957	The test solutions	940:957	The test solutions	940:957	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	11	33	theme	Na+	1522:1524	arg1	level					1526:1530	the Na+ level	1518:1530	the Na+ level	1518:1530	PL and HES decreased (136, IQR 136-137 mmol/L; and 138 mmol/L, IQR 137-139, respectively), whereas GEL increased the Na+ level to 140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L.
28553873	9	34	theme	All	1160:1162	arg1	fluids					1164:1169	RESULTS All fluids	1152:1169	RESULTS All fluids	1152:1169	RESULTS All fluids caused comparable degree of haemodilution.
28553873	5	35	theme	male	621:624	arg1	kg					771:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	35	theme	male	621:624	arg1	volunteers					626:635	32 healthy male volunteers	610:635	32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality)	610:714	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	6	36	theme	vol	916:918	arg1	end-concentration					892:908	an end-concentration	889:908	an end-concentration of 20 vol	889:918	The whole blood was diluted in 4:1 ratio with the study solutions to make an end-concentration of 20 vol.
28553873	18	37	theme	blood	2315:2319	arg1	volume					2321:2326	blood volume	2315:2326	blood volume	2315:2326	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	5	38	theme	METHODS	580:586	arg1	group					594:598	METHODS Study group	580:598	METHODS Study group	580:598	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	14	39	theme	reference	1883:1891	arg1	values					1893:1898	the reference values	1879:1898	the reference values	1879:1898	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	4	40	theme	used	493:496	arg1	fluids					507:512	three commonly used balanced fluids	478:512	three commonly used balanced fluids	478:512	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	15	41	theme	significant	1938:1948	arg1	increase					1950:1957	a significant increase	1936:1957	a significant increase in lactate concentration	1936:1982	Due to its composition, GEL caused a significant increase in lactate concentration.
28553873	10	42	dep	mmol/L	1291:1296	arg1	106					1287:1289	106	1287:1289	106	1287:1289	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	11	43	dep	136	1427:1429	arg1	IQR					1468:1470	IQR 137-139	1468:1478	IQR 137-139	1468:1478	PL and HES decreased (136, IQR 136-137 mmol/L; and 138 mmol/L, IQR 137-139, respectively), whereas GEL increased the Na+ level to 140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L.
28553873	11	43	dep	136	1427:1429	arg1	mmol/L					1460:1465	138 mmol/L	1456:1465	138 mmol/L	1456:1465	PL and HES decreased (136, IQR 136-137 mmol/L; and 138 mmol/L, IQR 137-139, respectively), whereas GEL increased the Na+ level to 140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L.
28553873	11	43	dep	136	1427:1429	arg1	mmol/L					1444:1449	IQR 136-137 mmol/L	1432:1449	IQR 136-137 mmol/L	1432:1449	PL and HES decreased (136, IQR 136-137 mmol/L; and 138 mmol/L, IQR 137-139, respectively), whereas GEL increased the Na+ level to 140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L.
28553873	1	44	theme	in	100:101	arg1	assessment					109:118	An in vitro assessment	97:118	An in vitro assessment.	97:119	An in vitro assessment.
28553873	4	45	theme	in	562:563	arg1	setting					571:577	an in vitro setting	559:577	an in vitro setting	559:577	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	9	46	theme	haemodilution	1199:1211	arg1	degree					1189:1194	comparable degree	1178:1194	comparable degree of haemodilution	1178:1211	RESULTS All fluids caused comparable degree of haemodilution.
28553873	6	47	theme	whole	819:823	arg1	blood					825:829	The whole blood	815:829	The whole blood	815:829	The whole blood was diluted in 4:1 ratio with the study solutions to make an end-concentration of 20 vol.
28553873	17	48	theme	lactate	2081:2087	arg1	level					2089:2093	high lactate level	2076:2093	high lactate level	2076:2093	Due to high lactate level, the effect of GEL was most pronounced.
28553873	8	49	dep	%	1095:1095	arg1	Fresenius					1121:1129	Fresenius	1121:1129	Fresenius	1121:1129	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	8	49	dep	%	1095:1095	arg1	HES					1097:1099	HES 130/0.4	1097:1107	6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES])	1094:1149	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	8	49	dep	%	1095:1095	arg1	Volulyte®					1110:1118	Volulyte®	1110:1118	Volulyte®	1110:1118	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	5	50	theme	81.2	759:762	arg1	±					764:764	81.2 ± 9.8	759:768	81.2 ± 9.8	759:768	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	50	theme	81.2	759:762	arg1	kg					771:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	0	51	theme	balanced	30:37	arg1	solutions					39:47	balanced solutions	30:47	balanced solutions	30:47	Does fluid resuscitation with balanced solutions induce electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities?
28553873	4	52	theme	metabolic	534:542	arg1	equilibrium					544:554	metabolic equilibrium	534:554	metabolic equilibrium	534:554	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	18	53	theme	Balanced	2147:2154	arg1	solutions					2168:2176	Balanced intravenous solutions	2147:2176	Balanced intravenous solutions	2147:2176	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	0	54	with	resuscitation	11:23	arg1	solutions					39:47	balanced solutions	30:47	balanced solutions	30:47	Does fluid resuscitation with balanced solutions induce electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities?
28553873	19	55	theme	balanced	2352:2359	arg1	gelatin					2374:2380	balanced succinylated gelatin	2352:2380	balanced succinylated gelatin	2352:2380	In metabolic acidosis, balanced succinylated gelatin should be used with caution.
28553873	20	56	theme	strong	2632:2637	arg1	difference					2643:2652	strong ion difference	2632:2652	strong ion difference	2632:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	12	57	dep	decreased	1574:1582	arg1	mOsm/kg					1602:1608	277.2 mOsm/kg	1596:1608	277.2 mOsm/kg	1596:1608	PL and HES decreased osmolality (277.2 mOsm/kg, IQR 275.7-278.4; and 280.9 mOsm/kg, IQR 279.3-282.0, respectively).
28553873	2	58	theme	Popular	132:138	arg1	agents					298:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	58	theme	Popular	132:138	arg1	fluids					152:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids	121:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use	121:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	18	59	theme	plasma	2227:2232	arg1	electrolyte					2234:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	18	60	dep	CONCLUSIONS	2135:2145	arg1	safe					2188:2191	safe	2188:2191	safe	2188:2191	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	20	61	theme	difference	2643:2652	arg1	assessment					2554:2563	assessment	2554:2563	assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference	2554:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	5	62	theme	disorder	675:682	arg1	history					646:652	history	646:652	history of any acute/chronic disorder	646:682	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	62	theme	disorder	675:682	arg1	abnormality					703:713	known metabolic abnormality	687:713	known metabolic abnormality	687:713	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	16	63	theme	significant	2020:2030	arg1	drop					2032:2035	a statistically significant drop	2004:2035	a statistically significant drop in strong ion difference value	2004:2066	HES and GEL caused a statistically significant drop in strong ion difference value.
28553873	10	64	dep	mmol/L	1240:1245	arg1	range					1262:1266	interquartile range [IQR] 103-105	1248:1280	interquartile range [IQR] 103-105	1248:1280	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	10	64	dep	mmol/L	1240:1245	arg1	IQR					1299:1301	IQR 105-107.5	1299:1311	IQR 105-107.5	1299:1311	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	10	64	dep	mmol/L	1240:1245	arg1	mmol/L					1291:1296	and 106 mmol/L	1283:1296	mmol/L	1291:1296	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	4	65	from	impact	468:473	arg1	electrolytes					517:528	electrolytes	517:528	electrolytes	517:528	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	4	65	from	impact	468:473	arg1	equilibrium					544:554	metabolic equilibrium	534:554	metabolic equilibrium	534:554	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	12	66	dep	mOsm/kg	1602:1608	arg1	IQR					1647:1649	IQR	1647:1649	IQR	1647:1649	PL and HES decreased osmolality (277.2 mOsm/kg, IQR 275.7-278.4; and 280.9 mOsm/kg, IQR 279.3-282.0, respectively).
28553873	12	66	dep	mOsm/kg	1602:1608	arg1	mOsm/kg					1638:1644	and 280.9 mOsm/kg	1628:1644	mOsm/kg	1638:1644	PL and HES decreased osmolality (277.2 mOsm/kg, IQR 275.7-278.4; and 280.9 mOsm/kg, IQR 279.3-282.0, respectively).
28553873	12	66	dep	mOsm/kg	1602:1608	arg1	IQR					1611:1613	IQR 275.7-278.4	1611:1625	IQR 275.7-278.4	1611:1625	PL and HES decreased osmolality (277.2 mOsm/kg, IQR 275.7-278.4; and 280.9 mOsm/kg, IQR 279.3-282.0, respectively).
28553873	2	67	theme	clinical	162:169	arg1	use					171:173	clinical use	162:173	clinical use	162:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	15	68	from	increase	1950:1957	arg1	concentration					1970:1982	lactate concentration	1962:1982	lactate concentration	1962:1982	Due to its composition, GEL caused a significant increase in lactate concentration.
28553873	18	69	theme	human	2221:2225	arg1	electrolyte					2234:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	16	70	theme	ion	2047:2049	arg1	value					2062:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	HES and GEL caused a statistically significant drop in strong ion difference value.
28553873	18	71	dep	Balanced	2147:2154	arg1	intravenous					2156:2166	intravenous	2156:2166	intravenous	2156:2166	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	18	72	theme	impact	2211:2216	arg1	terms					2196:2200	terms	2196:2200	terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium	2196:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	10	73	theme	interquartile	1248:1260	arg1	range					1262:1266	interquartile range [IQR] 103-105	1248:1280	interquartile range [IQR] 103-105	1248:1280	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	20	74	theme	fluid	2513:2517	arg1	fluid					2513:2517	fluid	2513:2517	fluid	2513:2517	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	20	74	theme	fluid	2513:2517	arg1	amounts					2502:2508	significant amounts	2490:2508	significant amounts of fluid	2490:2517	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	11	75	dep	decreased	1416:1424	arg1	136					1427:1429	136	1427:1429	136	1427:1429	PL and HES decreased (136, IQR 136-137 mmol/L; and 138 mmol/L, IQR 137-139, respectively), whereas GEL increased the Na+ level to 140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L.
28553873	18	76	theme	meta-bolic	2250:2259	arg1	equilibrium					2261:2271	meta-bolic equilibrium	2250:2271	meta-bolic equilibrium	2250:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	20	77	theme	significant	2490:2500	arg1	fluid					2513:2517	fluid	2513:2517	fluid	2513:2517	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	20	77	theme	significant	2490:2500	arg1	amounts					2502:2508	significant amounts	2490:2508	significant amounts of fluid	2490:2517	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	18	78	from	equilibrium	2261:2271	arg1	terms					2196:2200	terms	2196:2200	terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium	2196:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	19	79	used	used	2392:2395	arg2	gelatin					2374:2380	balanced succinylated gelatin	2352:2380	balanced succinylated gelatin	2352:2380	In metabolic acidosis, balanced succinylated gelatin should be used with caution.
28553873	2	80	from	fluids	152:157	arg1	use					171:173	clinical use	162:173	clinical use	162:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	20	81	theme	Na+	2573:2575	arg1	assessment					2554:2563	assessment	2554:2563	assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference	2554:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	14	82	theme	bicarbonate	1829:1839	arg1	concentration					1841:1853	bicarbonate concentration	1829:1853	bicarbonate concentration	1829:1853	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	5	83	theme	known	687:691	arg1	abnormality					703:713	known metabolic abnormality	687:713	known metabolic abnormality	687:713	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	20	84	theme	lactate	2578:2584	arg1	concentrations					2586:2599	lactate concentrations	2578:2599	lactate concentrations as well as pH	2578:2613	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	2	85	theme	powerful	273:280	arg1	agents					298:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	85	theme	powerful	273:280	arg1	fluids					152:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids	121:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use	121:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	7	86	theme	solution	930:937	arg1	%					920:920	%	920:920	% of each solution.	920:938	% of each solution.
28553873	7	86	theme	solution	930:937	arg1	solution					930:937	each solution	925:937	each solution	925:937	% of each solution.
28553873	16	87	from	drop	2032:2035	arg1	value					2062:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	strong ion difference value	2040:2066	HES and GEL caused a statistically significant drop in strong ion difference value.
28553873	14	88	dep	significant	1782:1792	arg1	<					1797:1797	p < 0.05	1795:1802	p < 0.05	1795:1802	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	0	89	theme	metabolic	72:80	arg1	abnormalities					82:94	metabolic abnormalities	72:94	metabolic abnormalities	72:94	Does fluid resuscitation with balanced solutions induce electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities?
28553873	3	90	theme	fluid	347:351	arg1	therapy					353:359	fluid therapy	347:359	fluid therapy	347:359	There is a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions.
28553873	20	91	theme	Cl-	2568:2570	arg1	assessment					2554:2563	assessment	2554:2563	assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference	2554:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	5	92	theme	weight	744:749	arg1	±					764:764	81.2 ± 9.8	759:768	81.2 ± 9.8	759:768	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	92	theme	weight	744:749	arg1	kg					771:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	92	theme	weight	744:749	arg1	volunteers					626:635	32 healthy male volunteers	610:635	32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality)	610:714	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	18	93	from	electrolyte	2234:2244	arg1	terms					2196:2200	terms	2196:2200	terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium	2196:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	3	94	theme	evidence	333:340	arg1	body					325:328	a growing body	315:328	a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions	315:432	There is a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions.
28553873	14	95	theme	base	1813:1816	arg1	excess					1818:1823	base excess	1813:1823	base excess	1813:1823	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	1	96	dep	in	100:101	arg1	vitro					103:107	vitro	103:107	vitro	103:107	An in vitro assessment.
28553873	11	97	theme	140.5	1535:1539	arg1	mmol/L					1555:1560	140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L	1535:1560	140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L	1535:1560	PL and HES decreased (136, IQR 136-137 mmol/L; and 138 mmol/L, IQR 137-139, respectively), whereas GEL increased the Na+ level to 140.5 (IQR 140-141) mmol/L.
28553873	5	98	theme	29	729:730	arg1	±					732:732	±	732:732	±	732:732	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	9	99	theme	RESULTS	1152:1158	arg1	fluids					1164:1169	RESULTS All fluids	1152:1169	RESULTS All fluids	1152:1169	RESULTS All fluids caused comparable degree of haemodilution.
28553873	8	100	theme	balanced	968:975	arg1	crystalloid					977:987	balanced crystalloid	968:987	balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL])	968:1022	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	5	101	theme	healthy	613:619	arg1	kg					771:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg	744:772	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	5	101	theme	healthy	613:619	arg1	volunteers					626:635	32 healthy male volunteers	610:635	32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality)	610:714	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	18	102	theme	volume	2321:2326	arg1	%					2310:2310	up to 20%	2302:2310	up to 20% of blood volume	2302:2326	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	18	102	theme	volume	2321:2326	arg1	volume					2321:2326	blood volume	2315:2326	blood volume	2315:2326	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	20	103	theme	osmolality	2616:2625	arg1	assessment					2554:2563	assessment	2554:2563	assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference	2554:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	4	104	theme	balanced	498:505	arg1	fluids					507:512	three commonly used balanced fluids	478:512	three commonly used balanced fluids	478:512	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	8	105	dep	Geloplasma®	1047:1057	arg1	[GEL					1083:1086	[GEL	1083:1086	[GEL	1083:1086	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	8	105	dep	Geloplasma®	1047:1057	arg1	Poland					1076:1081	Poland	1076:1081	Poland	1076:1081	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	0	106	theme	fluid	5:9	arg1	resuscitation					11:23	fluid resuscitation	5:23	fluid resuscitation with balanced solutions	5:47	Does fluid resuscitation with balanced solutions induce electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities?
28553873	4	107	dep	in	562:563	arg1	vitro					565:569	vitro	565:569	vitro	565:569	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	5	108	theme	Study	588:592	arg1	group					594:598	METHODS Study group	580:598	METHODS Study group	580:598	METHODS Study group comprised 32 healthy male volunteers (without history of any acute/chronic disorder or known metabolic abnormality), aged 21-35 (29 ± 4) years, weight 59-103 (81.2 ± 9.8) kg, from whom blood samples were withdrawn.
28553873	19	109	theme	metabolic	2332:2340	arg1	acidosis					2342:2349	metabolic acidosis	2332:2349	metabolic acidosis	2332:2349	In metabolic acidosis, balanced succinylated gelatin should be used with caution.
28553873	8	110	dep	gelatin	1038:1044	arg1	Geloplasma®					1047:1057	Geloplasma®	1047:1057	Geloplasma®	1047:1057	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	8	110	dep	gelatin	1038:1044	arg1	Fresenius					1060:1068	Fresenius	1060:1068	Fresenius	1060:1068	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	15	111	theme	lactate	1962:1968	arg1	concentration					1970:1982	lactate concentration	1962:1982	lactate concentration	1962:1982	Due to its composition, GEL caused a significant increase in lactate concentration.
28553873	8	112	dep	Volulyte®	1110:1118	arg1	Poland					1137:1142	Poland	1137:1142	Poland	1137:1142	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	8	112	dep	Volulyte®	1110:1118	arg1	[HES					1144:1147	[HES	1144:1147	[HES	1144:1147	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	17	113	theme	high	2076:2079	arg1	level					2089:2093	high lactate level	2076:2093	high lactate level	2076:2093	Due to high lactate level, the effect of GEL was most pronounced.
28553873	14	114	theme	significant	1782:1792	arg1	drop					1805:1808	a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop	1758:1808	a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration	1758:1853	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	18	115	dep	20	2308:2309	arg1	to					2305:2306	to	2305:2306	to	2305:2306	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	19	116	theme	succinylated	2361:2372	arg1	gelatin					2374:2380	balanced succinylated gelatin	2352:2380	balanced succinylated gelatin	2352:2380	In metabolic acidosis, balanced succinylated gelatin should be used with caution.
28553873	14	117	theme	similar	1760:1766	arg1	drop					1805:1808	a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop	1758:1808	a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration	1758:1853	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	4	118	from	equilibrium	544:554	arg1	setting					571:577	an in vitro setting	559:577	an in vitro setting	559:577	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
28553873	18	119	from	safe	2188:2191	arg1	terms					2196:2200	terms	2196:2200	terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium	2196:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	6	120	with	ratio	850:854	arg1	solutions					871:879	the study solutions	861:879	the study solutions	861:879	The whole blood was diluted in 4:1 ratio with the study solutions to make an end-concentration of 20 vol.
28553873	3	121	theme	balanced	415:422	arg1	solutions					424:432	balanced solutions	415:432	balanced solutions	415:432	There is a growing body of evidence that fluid therapy should be more individualised and preferably based on balanced solutions.
28553873	18	122	from	terms	2196:2200	arg1	electrolyte					2234:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	human plasma electrolyte	2221:2244	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	18	122	from	terms	2196:2200	arg1	equilibrium					2261:2271	meta-bolic equilibrium	2250:2271	meta-bolic equilibrium	2250:2271	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	18	122	from	terms	2196:2200	arg1	safe					2188:2191	safe	2188:2191	safe	2188:2191	CONCLUSIONS Balanced intravenous solutions should be safe in terms of their impact on human plasma electrolyte and meta-bolic equilibrium when administered to replace up to 20% of blood volume.
28553873	8	123	theme	succinylated	1025:1036	arg1	gelatin					1038:1044	succinylated gelatin	1025:1044	succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL])	1025:1088	The test solutions included balanced crystalloid (Plasmalyte®, Baxter, Poland [PL]), succinylated gelatin (Geloplasma®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [GEL]) and 6% HES 130/0.4 (Volulyte®, Fresenius Kabi, Poland [HES]).
28553873	14	124	theme	test	1736:1739	arg1	solutions					1741:1749	All test solutions	1732:1749	All test solutions	1732:1749	All test solutions caused a similar statistically significant (p < 0.05) drop in base excess and bicarbonate concentration, and these fell outside the reference values.
28553873	2	125	theme	electrolyte	197:207	arg1	concentration					209:221	electrolyte concentration	197:221	electrolyte concentration	197:221	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	20	126	theme	ion	2639:2641	arg1	difference					2643:2652	strong ion difference	2632:2652	strong ion difference	2632:2652	Therefore, arterial blood gas analysis should be performed in patients in whom significant amounts of fluid are administrated, preferably with assessment of Cl-, Na+, lactate concentrations as well as pH, osmolality, and strong ion difference.
28553873	10	127	theme	Cl-	1372:1374	arg1	concentration					1355:1367	the concentration	1351:1367	the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L	1351:1402	PL and GEL decreased (104 mmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] 103-105; and 106 mmol/L, IQR 105-107.5, respectively), whereas HES increased the concentration of Cl- to 109 (IQR 108-110) mmol/L.
28553873	2	128	theme	intravenous	140:150	arg1	agents					298:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	powerful pharmacological agents	273:303	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	2	128	theme	intravenous	140:150	arg1	fluids					152:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids	121:157	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use	121:173	BACKGROUND Popular intravenous fluids in clinical use may have an impact on electrolyte concentration and metabolic balance and should be considered as powerful pharmacological agents.
28553873	4	129	dep	AIM	435:437	arg1	We					439:440	We	439:440	We	439:440	AIM We sought to investigate the impact of three commonly used balanced fluids on electrolytes and metabolic equilibrium in an in vitro setting.
26209084	7	0	theme	dry	914:916	arg1	weight					918:923	dry weight	914:923	dry weight	914:923	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	6	1	dep	CEP	731:733	arg1	region					744:749	central region	736:749	central region	736:749	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	9	2	theme	load	1288:1291	arg1	portion					1273:1279	a greater portion	1263:1279	a greater portion of the load	1263:1291	The lateral bovine endplate is much stiffer and may share a greater portion of the load.
26209084	4	3	from	modulus	527:533	arg1	MPa					581:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	3	from	modulus	527:533	arg1	region					561:566	the central region	549:566	the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	549:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	7	4	theme	%	905:905	arg1	GAG					907:909	20.4% GAG	901:909	20.4% GAG	901:909	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	10	5	theme	lower	1483:1487	arg1	content					1495:1501	lower water content	1483:1501	lower water content	1483:1501	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	1	6	theme	disc	201:204	arg1	mechanics					206:214	disc mechanics	201:214	disc mechanics	201:214	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	7	7	from	average	843:849	arg1	region					940:945	the central region	928:945	the central region	928:945	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	11	8	theme	significant	1678:1688	arg1	role					1690:1693	a significant role	1676:1693	a significant role in nutrient supply	1676:1712	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	11	9	theme	nutrient	1698:1705	arg1	supply					1707:1712	nutrient supply	1698:1712	nutrient supply	1698:1712	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	7	10	from	average	962:968	arg1	region					940:945	the central region	928:945	the central region	928:945	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	11	theme	41.1	881:884	arg1	%					885:885	%	885:885	%	885:885	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	12	theme	75.6	854:857	arg1	%					858:858	%	858:858	%	858:858	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	9	13	theme	bovine	1217:1222	arg1	endplate					1224:1231	The lateral bovine endplate	1205:1231	The lateral bovine endplate	1205:1231	The lateral bovine endplate is much stiffer and may share a greater portion of the load.
26209084	9	13	theme	bovine	1217:1222	arg1	stiffer					1241:1247	stiffer	1241:1247	stiffer	1241:1247	The lateral bovine endplate is much stiffer and may share a greater portion of the load.
26209084	6	14	theme	m	820:820	arg1	/Ns					824:826	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns	799:826	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns	799:826	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	8	15	theme	biochemical	1180:1190	arg1	composition					1192:1202	biochemical composition	1180:1202	biochemical composition	1180:1202	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus were likely due to the regional variation in biochemical composition.
26209084	1	16	theme	bovine	149:154	arg1	CEP					180:182	CEP	180:182	CEP	180:182	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	1	16	theme	bovine	149:154	arg1	endplate					170:177	bovine cartilaginous endplate	149:177	bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP)	149:183	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	10	17	theme	lateral	1440:1446	arg1	due					1472:1474	due	1472:1474	due	1472:1474	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	10	17	theme	lateral	1440:1446	arg1	regions					1448:1454	both the central and lateral regions	1419:1454	regions	1448:1454	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	1	18	theme	endplate	170:177	arg1	role					193:196	its role	189:196	its role in disc mechanics and nutrition	189:228	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	1	18	theme	endplate	170:177	arg1	properties					135:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties	96:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP)	96:183	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	7	19	theme	wet	988:990	arg1	weight					992:997	wet weight	988:997	wet weight	988:997	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	2	20	theme	aggregate	263:271	arg1	modulus					273:279	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	247:279	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	247:279	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	7	21	theme	water	979:983	arg1	average					962:968	an average	959:968	an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region	959:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	21	theme	water	979:983	arg1	average					843:849	an average	840:849	an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG	840:909	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	21	theme	water	979:983	arg1	CEPs					830:833	CEPs	830:833	CEPs	830:833	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	3	22	theme	Biochemical	395:405	arg1	assays					407:412	Biochemical assays	395:412	Biochemical assays	395:412	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	11	23	theme	interstitial	1647:1658	arg1	fluid					1660:1664	the interstitial fluid	1643:1664	the interstitial fluid	1643:1664	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	7	24	theme	70.2	973:976	arg1	%					977:977	%	977:977	%	977:977	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	4	25	from	region	561:566	arg1	lower					604:608	lower	604:608	lower	604:608	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	25	from	region	561:566	arg1	modulus					527:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	501:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	501:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	1	26	theme	Regional	96:103	arg1	properties					135:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties	96:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP)	96:183	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	7	27	theme	lateral	1051:1057	arg1	region					1059:1064	the lateral region	1047:1064	the lateral region	1047:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	4	28	theme	equilibrium	505:515	arg1	lower					604:608	lower	604:608	lower	604:608	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	28	theme	equilibrium	505:515	arg1	modulus					527:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	501:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	501:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	6	29	theme	significant	661:671	arg1	difference					682:691	No significant regional difference	658:691	No significant regional difference	658:691	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	8	30	theme	equilibrium	1105:1115	arg1	modulus					1127:1133	the equilibrium aggregate modulus	1101:1133	the equilibrium aggregate modulus	1101:1133	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus were likely due to the regional variation in biochemical composition.
26209084	10	31	theme	hydraulic	1371:1379	arg1	permeability					1381:1392	a smaller hydraulic permeability	1361:1392	a smaller hydraulic permeability	1361:1392	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	0	32	theme	biomechanical	21:33	arg1	properties					51:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties	0:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous	0:84	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate.
26209084	11	33	theme	fluid	1660:1664	arg1	pressurization					1625:1638	pressurization	1625:1638	pressurization of the interstitial fluid	1625:1664	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	6	34	theme	lateral	783:789	arg1	region					791:796	lateral region	783:796	lateral region	783:796	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	7	35	theme	dry	1033:1035	arg1	weight					1037:1042	dry weight	1033:1042	dry weight in the lateral region	1033:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	4	36	theme	±	574:574	arg1	MPa					581:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	36	theme	±	574:574	arg1	region					561:566	the central region	549:566	the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	549:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	11	37	theme	rapid	1575:1579	arg1	exchange					1587:1594	rapid fluid exchange	1575:1594	rapid fluid exchange	1575:1594	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	3	38	theme	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	arg1	amount					445:450	the amount	441:450	the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)	441:498	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	38	theme	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	arg1	GAG					495:497	GAG	495:497	GAG	495:497	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	38	theme	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	arg1	collagen					462:469	collagen	462:469	collagen	462:469	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	38	theme	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					476:492	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	glycosaminoglycan (GAG)	476:498	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	38	theme	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	arg1	water					455:459	water	455:459	water	455:459	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	0	39	theme	biochemical	39:49	arg1	properties					51:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties	0:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous	0:84	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate.
26209084	0	40	theme	cartilaginous	72:84	arg1	properties					51:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties	0:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous	0:84	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate.
26209084	6	41	theme	CEP	731:733	arg1	permeability					711:722	the permeability	707:722	the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns)	707:827	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	2	42	theme	compression	374:384	arg1	testing					386:392	confined compression testing	365:392	confined compression testing	365:392	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	7	43	theme	11.7	1020:1023	arg1	%					1024:1024	%	1024:1024	%	1024:1024	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	4	44	theme	central	553:559	arg1	MPa					581:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	44	theme	central	553:559	arg1	region					561:566	the central region	549:566	the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	549:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	1	45	from	properties	135:144	arg1	nutrition					220:228	nutrition	220:228	nutrition	220:228	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	1	45	from	properties	135:144	arg1	mechanics					206:214	disc mechanics	201:214	disc mechanics	201:214	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	6	46	theme	m	771:771	arg1	/Ns					775:777	0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns	752:777	0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns	752:777	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	7	47	from	weight	1037:1042	arg1	region					1059:1064	the lateral region	1047:1064	the lateral region	1047:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	11	48	from	role	1690:1693	arg1	supply					1707:1712	nutrient supply	1698:1712	nutrient supply	1698:1712	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	8	49	theme	regional	1158:1165	arg1	variation					1167:1175	the regional variation	1154:1175	the regional variation in biochemical composition	1154:1202	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus were likely due to the regional variation in biochemical composition.
26209084	7	50	theme	%	1004:1004	arg1	collagen					1006:1013	73.8% collagen	1000:1013	73.8% collagen	1000:1013	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	4	51	from	CEP	542:544	arg1	MPa					581:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	51	from	CEP	542:544	arg1	region					561:566	the central region	549:566	the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	549:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	6	52	theme	×	811:811	arg1	m					820:820	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m	799:820	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns	799:826	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	6	52	theme	×	811:811	arg1	4					822:822	4	822:822	4	822:822	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	10	53	theme	higher	1507:1512	arg1	content					1523:1529	higher collagen content	1507:1529	higher collagen content	1507:1529	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	2	54	theme	central	320:326	arg1	regions					340:346	the central and lateral regions	316:346	the central and lateral regions	316:346	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	6	55	theme	±	804:804	arg1	m					820:820	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m	799:820	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns	799:826	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	6	55	theme	±	804:804	arg1	4					822:822	4	822:822	4	822:822	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	6	56	dep	region	744:749	arg1	/Ns					775:777	0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns	752:777	0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns	752:777	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	6	56	dep	region	744:749	arg1	region					791:796	lateral region	783:796	lateral region	783:796	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	6	56	dep	region	744:749	arg1	/Ns					824:826	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns	799:826	0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns	799:826	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	7	57	theme	20.4	901:904	arg1	%					905:905	%	905:905	%	905:905	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	6	58	theme	±	757:757	arg1	m					771:771	0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)	752:774	0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns	752:777	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	10	59	theme	central	1428:1434	arg1	due					1472:1474	due	1472:1474	due	1472:1474	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	10	59	theme	central	1428:1434	arg1	regions					1448:1454	both the central and lateral regions	1419:1454	regions	1448:1454	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	10	60	from	CEP	1412:1414	arg1	due					1472:1474	due	1472:1474	due	1472:1474	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	10	60	from	CEP	1412:1414	arg1	regions					1448:1454	both the central and lateral regions	1419:1454	regions	1448:1454	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	8	61	from	variation	1167:1175	arg1	composition					1192:1202	biochemical composition	1180:1202	biochemical composition	1180:1202	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus were likely due to the regional variation in biochemical composition.
26209084	10	62	theme	nucleus	1312:1318	arg1	pulposus					1320:1327	the nucleus pulposus	1308:1327	the nucleus pulposus (NP)	1308:1332	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	10	62	theme	nucleus	1312:1318	arg1	NP					1330:1331	NP	1330:1331	NP	1330:1331	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	7	63	theme	%	885:885	arg1	collagen					887:894	41.1% collagen	881:894	41.1% collagen	881:894	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	6	64	theme	central	736:742	arg1	region					744:749	central region	736:749	central region	736:749	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	2	65	theme	lateral	332:338	arg1	regions					340:346	the central and lateral regions	316:346	the central and lateral regions	316:346	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	4	66	theme	lateral	623:629	arg1	region					631:636	the lateral region	619:636	the lateral region (0.83 ± 0	619:646	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	10	67	theme	annulus	1338:1344	arg1	AF					1356:1357	AF	1356:1357	AF	1356:1357	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	10	67	theme	annulus	1338:1344	arg1	fibrosus					1346:1353	annulus fibrosus	1338:1353	annulus fibrosus (AF)	1338:1358	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	2	68	theme	equilibrium	251:261	arg1	modulus					273:279	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	247:279	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	247:279	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	9	69	theme	lateral	1209:1215	arg1	endplate					1224:1231	The lateral bovine endplate	1205:1231	The lateral bovine endplate	1205:1231	The lateral bovine endplate is much stiffer and may share a greater portion of the load.
26209084	9	69	theme	lateral	1209:1215	arg1	stiffer					1241:1247	stiffer	1241:1247	stiffer	1241:1247	The lateral bovine endplate is much stiffer and may share a greater portion of the load.
26209084	7	70	theme	wet	869:871	arg1	weight					873:878	wet weight	869:878	wet weight	869:878	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	11	71	theme	solute	1600:1605	arg1	convection					1607:1616	solute convection	1600:1616	solute convection	1600:1616	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	7	72	theme	%	858:858	arg1	water					860:864	75.6% water	854:864	75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG	854:909	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	10	73	dep	regions	1448:1454	arg1	both					1419:1422	both	1419:1422	both	1419:1422	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	7	74	theme	water	860:864	arg1	average					962:968	an average	959:968	an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region	959:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	74	theme	water	860:864	arg1	average					843:849	an average	840:849	an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG	840:909	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	74	theme	water	860:864	arg1	CEPs					830:833	CEPs	830:833	CEPs	830:833	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	2	75	theme	hydraulic	285:293	arg1	permeability					295:306	hydraulic permeability	285:306	hydraulic permeability	285:306	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	1	76	theme	cartilaginous	156:168	arg1	CEP					180:182	CEP	180:182	CEP	180:182	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	1	76	theme	cartilaginous	156:168	arg1	endplate					170:177	bovine cartilaginous endplate	149:177	bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP)	149:183	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	10	77	theme	water	1489:1493	arg1	content					1495:1501	lower water content	1483:1501	lower water content	1483:1501	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	7	78	theme	%	977:977	arg1	water					979:983	70.2% water	973:983	70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region	973:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	1	79	from	role	193:196	arg1	nutrition					220:228	nutrition	220:228	nutrition	220:228	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	1	79	from	role	193:196	arg1	mechanics					206:214	disc mechanics	201:214	disc mechanics	201:214	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	4	80	theme	CEP	542:544	arg1	lower					604:608	lower	604:608	lower	604:608	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	80	theme	CEP	542:544	arg1	modulus					527:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	501:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	501:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	9	81	theme	greater	1265:1271	arg1	portion					1273:1279	a greater portion	1263:1279	a greater portion of the load	1263:1291	The lateral bovine endplate is much stiffer and may share a greater portion of the load.
26209084	4	82	theme	aggregate	517:525	arg1	lower					604:608	lower	604:608	lower	604:608	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	82	theme	aggregate	517:525	arg1	modulus					527:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus	501:533	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	501:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	8	83	theme	Regional	1067:1074	arg1	differences					1076:1086	Regional differences	1067:1086	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus	1067:1133	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus were likely due to the regional variation in biochemical composition.
26209084	6	84	theme	regional	673:680	arg1	difference					682:691	No significant regional difference	658:691	No significant regional difference	658:691	No significant regional difference was found for the permeability of the CEP (central region: 0.13 ± 0.07×10(-15)m(4)/Ns and lateral region: 0.09 ± 0.03 × 10(-15)m(4)/Ns).
26209084	0	85	theme	region-dependent	4:19	arg1	properties					51:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties	0:60	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous	0:84	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate.
26209084	1	86	theme	biomechanical	105:117	arg1	properties					135:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties	96:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP)	96:183	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	3	87	theme	collagen	462:469	arg1	amount					445:450	the amount	441:450	the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)	441:498	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	87	theme	collagen	462:469	arg1	GAG					495:497	GAG	495:497	GAG	495:497	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	87	theme	collagen	462:469	arg1	collagen					462:469	collagen	462:469	collagen	462:469	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	87	theme	collagen	462:469	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					476:492	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	glycosaminoglycan (GAG)	476:498	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	87	theme	collagen	462:469	arg1	water					455:459	water	455:459	water	455:459	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	1	88	theme	biochemical	123:133	arg1	properties					135:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties	96:144	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP)	96:183	Regional biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate (CEP) and its role in disc mechanics and nutrition were determined.
26209084	4	89	theme	0.15	576:579	arg1	MPa					581:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	0.23 ± 0.15 MPa	569:583	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	4	89	theme	0.15	576:579	arg1	region					561:566	the central region	549:566	the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa)	549:584	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	10	90	theme	smaller	1363:1369	arg1	permeability					1381:1392	a smaller hydraulic permeability	1361:1392	a smaller hydraulic permeability	1361:1392	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	7	91	theme	central	932:938	arg1	region					940:945	the central region	928:945	the central region	928:945	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	7	92	theme	%	1024:1024	arg1	GAG					1026:1028	11.7% GAG	1020:1028	11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region	1020:1064	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
26209084	3	93	theme	water	455:459	arg1	amount					445:450	the amount	441:450	the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)	441:498	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	93	theme	water	455:459	arg1	GAG					495:497	GAG	495:497	GAG	495:497	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	93	theme	water	455:459	arg1	collagen					462:469	collagen	462:469	collagen	462:469	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	93	theme	water	455:459	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					476:492	glycosaminoglycan	476:492	glycosaminoglycan (GAG)	476:498	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	3	93	theme	water	455:459	arg1	water					455:459	water	455:459	water	455:459	Biochemical assays were conducted to quantify the amount of water, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
26209084	10	94	theme	collagen	1514:1521	arg1	content					1523:1529	higher collagen content	1507:1529	higher collagen content	1507:1529	Compared with the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF), a smaller hydraulic permeability was found for the CEP in both the central and lateral regions, which could be due to its lower water content and higher collagen content.
26209084	8	95	theme	aggregate	1117:1125	arg1	modulus					1127:1133	the equilibrium aggregate modulus	1101:1133	the equilibrium aggregate modulus	1101:1133	Regional differences observed for the equilibrium aggregate modulus were likely due to the regional variation in biochemical composition.
26209084	11	96	theme	fluid	1581:1585	arg1	exchange					1587:1594	rapid fluid exchange	1575:1594	rapid fluid exchange	1575:1594	Our results suggest that the CEP may block rapid fluid exchange and solute convection, allow pressurization of the interstitial fluid, and play a significant role in nutrient supply in response to loading.
26209084	0	97	theme	bovine	65:70	arg1	cartilaginous					72:84	bovine cartilaginous	65:84	bovine cartilaginous	65:84	The region-dependent biomechanical and biochemical properties of bovine cartilaginous endplate.
26209084	4	98	dep	region	631:636	arg1	±					644:644	0.83 ± 0	639:646	0.83 ± 0	639:646	The equilibrium aggregate modulus of the CEP in the central region (0.23 ± 0.15 MPa) was significantly lower than for the lateral region (0.83 ± 0.
26209084	2	99	theme	confined	365:372	arg1	testing					386:392	confined compression testing	365:392	confined compression testing	365:392	The equilibrium aggregate modulus and hydraulic permeability between the central and lateral regions were examined by confined compression testing.
26209084	7	100	theme	73.8	1000:1003	arg1	%					1004:1004	%	1004:1004	%	1004:1004	CEPs were an average of 75.6% water by wet weight, 41.1% collagen, and 20.4% GAG by dry weight in the central region, as well as an average of 70.2% water by wet weight, 73.8% collagen, and 11.7% GAG by dry weight in the lateral region.
28693200	5	0	dep	lectins	606:612	arg1	lectin					632:637	Bauhinia purpurea lectin	614:637	Bauhinia purpurea lectin	614:637	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	1	dep	Solanum	1068:1074	arg1	tuberosum					1076:1084	tuberosum	1076:1084	tuberosum	1076:1084	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	10	2	theme	present	2008:2014	arg1	study					2016:2020	the present study	2004:2020	the present study	2004:2020	In the present study, it was clear that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and alter protein glycosylation.
28693200	6	3	theme	glycoprotein	1189:1200	arg1	capacity					1210:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	5	4	dep	Sambucus	1042:1049	arg1	nigra					1051:1055	nigra	1051:1055	nigra	1051:1055	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	6	5	theme	β-1,3	1295:1299	arg1	Gal					1301:1303	β-1,3 Gal	1295:1303	β-1,3 Gal	1295:1303	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	11	6	theme	anti-HCC	2207:2214	arg1	drugs					2216:2220	new anti-HCC drugs	2203:2220	new anti-HCC drugs	2203:2220	The findings of this study may lead to providing a novel way of designing new anti-HCC drugs.
28693200	5	7	theme	aspersa	703:709	arg1	lectin					711:716	Helix aspersa lectin	697:716	Helix aspersa lectin	697:716	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	7	theme	aspersa	703:709	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	3	8	theme	present	286:292	arg1	study					294:298	The present study	282:298	The present study	282:298	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	5	9	theme	pomatia	725:731	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	9	theme	pomatia	725:731	arg1	lectin					733:738	Helix pomatia lectin	719:738	Helix pomatia lectin	719:738	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	10	theme	sorafenib	1768:1776	arg1	cells					1851:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	10	11	theme	cells	2090:2094	arg1	proliferation					2069:2081	the proliferation	2065:2081	the proliferation of HCC cells	2065:2094	In the present study, it was clear that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and alter protein glycosylation.
28693200	9	12	theme	1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis	1781:1811	arg1	cells					1851:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	6	13	gly	glycoprotein	1189:1200	arg1	glycoprotein					1189:1200	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	6	14	theme	α-GalNAc	1330:1337	arg1	structures					1339:1348	α-GalNAc structures	1330:1348	α-GalNAc structures	1330:1348	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	5	15	theme	sorafenib-treated	571:587	arg1	cells					593:597	sorafenib-treated HCC cells	571:597	sorafenib-treated HCC cells	571:597	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	16	theme	polyphemus	928:937	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	16	theme	polyphemus	928:937	arg1	lectin					939:944	Limulus polyphemus lectin	920:944	Limulus polyphemus lectin	920:944	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	17	theme	Solanum	1068:1074	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	17	theme	Solanum	1068:1074	arg1	lectin					1086:1091	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1068:1091	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1068:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	2	18	theme	protein	259:265	arg1	glycosylation					267:279	protein glycosylation	259:279	protein glycosylation	259:279	However, it remains unknown whether sorafenib induces the alteration of protein glycosylation.
28693200	5	19	theme	binding	522:528	arg1	capacity					530:537	the binding capacity	518:537	the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	518:797	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	20	theme	butadiene	1833:1841	arg1	cells					1851:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	8	21	theme	signaling	1530:1538	arg1	26-1					1577:1580	erythroblastosis 26-1	1560:1580	erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1)	1560:1588	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	8	21	theme	signaling	1530:1538	arg1	phosphorylated-ERK					1638:1655	phosphorylated-ERK	1638:1655	phosphorylated-ERK	1638:1655	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	8	21	theme	signaling	1530:1538	arg1	kinases					1620:1626	extracellular signal-related kinases	1591:1626	extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)	1591:1632	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	8	21	theme	signaling	1530:1538	arg1	molecules					1540:1548	signaling molecules	1530:1548	signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK	1530:1655	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	11	22	theme	novel	2180:2184	arg1	way					2186:2188	a novel way	2178:2188	a novel way of designing new anti-HCC drugs	2178:2220	The findings of this study may lead to providing a novel way of designing new anti-HCC drugs.
28693200	0	23	theme	carcinoma	72:80	arg1	cells					82:86	hepatocellular carcinoma cells	57:86	hepatocellular carcinoma cells	57:86	Sorafenib induced alteration of protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
28693200	5	24	theme	median	1150:1155	arg1	≥2					1157:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	24	theme	median	1150:1155	arg1	P<0.05					1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	25	theme	esculentum	901:910	arg1	lectin					912:917	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	888:917	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	888:917	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	25	theme	esculentum	901:910	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	3	26	theme	MHCC97H	324:330	arg1	cells					332:336	HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells	308:336	cells	332:336	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	0	27	from	alteration	18:27	arg1	cells					82:86	hepatocellular carcinoma cells	57:86	hepatocellular carcinoma cells	57:86	Sorafenib induced alteration of protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
28693200	5	28	theme	villosa	784:790	arg1	lectin					792:797	Vicia villosa lectin	778:797	Vicia villosa lectin	778:797	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	28	theme	villosa	784:790	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	29	theme	Bauhinia	614:621	arg1	lectin					632:637	Bauhinia purpurea lectin	614:637	Bauhinia purpurea lectin	614:637	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	3	30	theme	inhibitory	349:358	arg1	concentration					360:372	a 50% inhibitory concentration	343:372	a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib	343:385	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	5	31	theme	spot	1107:1110	arg1	≥2					1157:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	31	theme	spot	1107:1110	arg1	P<0.05					1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	32	theme	Phaseolus	974:982	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	32	theme	Phaseolus	974:982	arg1	leucoagglutinin					993:1007	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	974:1007	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	974:1007	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	3	33	theme	50	345:346	arg1	%					347:347	%	347:347	%	347:347	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	6	34	theme	sialic	1371:1376	arg1	GlcNAc					1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	6	34	theme	sialic	1371:1376	arg1	acid					1378:1381	sialic acid	1371:1381	sialic acid	1371:1381	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	5	35	theme	median/background	1122:1138	arg1	≥2					1157:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	35	theme	median/background	1122:1138	arg1	P<0.05					1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	4	36	theme	glycosylation	436:448	arg1	alteration					414:423	alteration	414:423	alteration of protein glycosylation	414:448	Following this treatment, alteration of protein glycosylation was detected using a lectin microarray.
28693200	5	37	theme	amurensis	955:963	arg1	lecin					965:969	Maackia amurensis lecin I	947:971	Maackia amurensis lecin I	947:971	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	37	theme	amurensis	955:963	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	38	dep	Euonymus	670:677	arg1	europaeus					679:687	europaeus	679:687	europaeus	679:687	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	8	39	theme	signal-related	1605:1618	arg1	ERK					1629:1631	ERK	1629:1631	ERK	1629:1631	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	8	39	theme	signal-related	1605:1618	arg1	kinases					1620:1626	extracellular signal-related kinases	1591:1626	extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)	1591:1632	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	5	40	theme	binding	825:831	arg1	capacities					833:842	the binding capacities	821:842	the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	821:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	41	theme	Ets-1	1919:1923	arg1	levels					1909:1914	the expression levels	1894:1914	the expression levels of Ets-1	1894:1923	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	0	42	theme	protein	32:38	arg1	glycosylation					40:52	protein glycosylation	32:52	protein glycosylation	32:52	Sorafenib induced alteration of protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
28693200	5	43	dep	Dolichos	640:647	arg1	biflorus					649:656	biflorus	649:656	biflorus	649:656	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	44	theme	Ras/Raf/mitogen	1941:1955	arg1	kinase					1975:1980	Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase	1941:1980	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	5	45	theme	Ricinus	1010:1016	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	45	theme	Ricinus	1010:1016	arg1	agglutinin					1027:1036	Ricinus communis agglutinin 60	1010:1039	Ricinus communis agglutinin 60	1010:1039	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	1	46	theme	hepatocellular	155:168	arg1	HCC					181:183	HCC	181:183	HCC	181:183	Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor and is effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
28693200	1	46	theme	hepatocellular	155:168	arg1	carcinoma					170:178	hepatocellular carcinoma	155:178	hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)	155:184	Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor and is effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
28693200	9	47	theme	protein	1967:1973	arg1	kinase					1975:1980	Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase	1941:1980	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	9	48	theme	signaling	1982:1990	arg1	pathway					1992:1998	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	8	49	theme	western	1674:1680	arg1	blotting					1682:1689	western blotting	1674:1689	western blotting	1674:1689	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	5	50	theme	Euonymus	670:677	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	50	theme	Euonymus	670:677	arg1	lectin					689:694	Euonymus europaeus lectin	670:694	Euonymus europaeus lectin	670:694	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	11	51	theme	new	2203:2205	arg1	drugs					2216:2220	new anti-HCC drugs	2203:2220	new anti-HCC drugs	2203:2220	The findings of this study may lead to providing a novel way of designing new anti-HCC drugs.
28693200	6	52	theme	binding	1202:1208	arg1	capacity					1210:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	5	53	theme	Dolichos	640:647	arg1	agglutinin					658:667	Dolichos biflorus agglutinin	640:667	Dolichos biflorus agglutinin	640:667	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	53	theme	Dolichos	640:647	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	7	54	theme	lectin	1492:1497	arg1	blotting					1499:1506	lectin blotting	1492:1506	lectin blotting	1492:1506	These results were additionally confirmed by lectin blotting.
28693200	9	55	theme	Ets-1	1735:1739	arg1	expression					1721:1730	the expression	1717:1730	the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation	1717:1763	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	6	56	theme	complex-type	1400:1411	arg1	N-glycan					1413:1420	tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures	1384:1444	N-glycan	1413:1420	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	6	56	theme	complex-type	1400:1411	arg1	GlcNAc					1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	9	57	theme	ERK	1745:1747	arg1	phosphorylation					1749:1763	ERK phosphorylation	1745:1763	ERK phosphorylation	1745:1763	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	5	58	theme	Helix	719:723	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	58	theme	Helix	719:723	arg1	lectin					733:738	Helix pomatia lectin	719:738	Helix pomatia lectin	719:738	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	10	59	from	study	2016:2020	arg1	clear					2030:2034	clear	2030:2034	clear	2030:2034	In the present study, it was clear that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and alter protein glycosylation.
28693200	11	60	theme	study	2150:2154	arg1	findings					2133:2140	The findings	2129:2140	The findings of this study	2129:2154	The findings of this study may lead to providing a novel way of designing new anti-HCC drugs.
28693200	8	61	theme	Expression	1509:1518	arg1	levels					1520:1525	Expression levels	1509:1525	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK	1509:1655	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	10	62	theme	HCC	2086:2088	arg1	cells					2090:2094	HCC cells	2086:2094	HCC cells	2086:2094	In the present study, it was clear that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and alter protein glycosylation.
28693200	5	63	theme	Helix	697:701	arg1	lectin					711:716	Helix aspersa lectin	697:716	Helix aspersa lectin	697:716	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	63	theme	Helix	697:701	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	64	theme	Limulus	920:926	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	64	theme	Limulus	920:926	arg1	lectin					939:944	Limulus polyphemus lectin	920:944	Limulus polyphemus lectin	920:944	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	10	65	from	clear	2030:2034	arg1	study					2016:2020	the present study	2004:2020	the present study	2004:2020	In the present study, it was clear that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and alter protein glycosylation.
28693200	9	66	from	reduction	1704:1712	arg1	cells					1851:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	9	66	from	reduction	1704:1712	arg1	expression					1721:1730	the expression	1717:1730	the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation	1717:1763	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	9	67	theme	phosphorylation	1749:1763	arg1	expression					1721:1730	the expression	1717:1730	the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation	1717:1763	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	4	68	theme	protein	428:434	arg1	glycosylation					436:448	protein glycosylation	428:448	protein glycosylation	428:448	Following this treatment, alteration of protein glycosylation was detected using a lectin microarray.
28693200	2	69	theme	glycosylation	267:279	arg1	alteration					245:254	the alteration	241:254	the alteration of protein glycosylation	241:279	However, it remains unknown whether sorafenib induces the alteration of protein glycosylation.
28693200	5	70	theme	HCC	589:591	arg1	cells					593:597	sorafenib-treated HCC cells	571:597	sorafenib-treated HCC cells	571:597	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	3	71	theme	HCC	308:310	arg1	MHCC97L					312:318	HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells	308:336	MHCC97L	312:318	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	8	72	theme	molecules	1540:1548	arg1	levels					1520:1525	Expression levels	1509:1525	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK	1509:1655	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	10	73	theme	protein	2106:2112	arg1	glycosylation					2114:2126	protein glycosylation	2106:2126	protein glycosylation	2106:2126	In the present study, it was clear that sorafenib could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and alter protein glycosylation.
28693200	6	74	theme	β-1,4Gal	1426:1433	arg1	structures					1435:1444	tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures	1384:1444	structures	1435:1444	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	6	74	theme	β-1,4Gal	1426:1433	arg1	GlcNAc					1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	5	75	theme	Lycopersicon	888:899	arg1	lectin					912:917	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	888:917	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	888:917	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	75	theme	Lycopersicon	888:899	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	76	theme	treated	1843:1849	arg1	cells					1851:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells	1768:1855	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	8	77	theme	erythroblastosis	1560:1575	arg1	26-1					1577:1580	erythroblastosis 26-1	1560:1580	erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1)	1560:1588	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	8	77	theme	erythroblastosis	1560:1575	arg1	Ets-1					1583:1587	Ets-1	1583:1587	Ets-1	1583:1587	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	5	78	theme	Vicia	778:782	arg1	lectin					792:797	Vicia villosa lectin	778:797	Vicia villosa lectin	778:797	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	78	theme	Vicia	778:782	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	79	theme	glycoproteins	542:554	arg1	capacity					530:537	the binding capacity	518:537	the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	518:797	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	6	80	theme	tetra-antennary	1384:1398	arg1	N-glycan					1413:1420	tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures	1384:1444	N-glycan	1413:1420	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	6	80	theme	tetra-antennary	1384:1398	arg1	GlcNAc					1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	GlcNAc	1363:1368	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	5	81	theme	purpurea	623:630	arg1	lectin					632:637	Bauhinia purpurea lectin	614:637	Bauhinia purpurea lectin	614:637	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	82	theme	Maclura	750:756	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	82	theme	Maclura	750:756	arg1	lectin					767:772	Maclura pomifera lectin	750:772	Maclura pomifera lectin	750:772	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	83	theme	intensity	1112:1120	arg1	≥2					1157:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	83	theme	intensity	1112:1120	arg1	P<0.05					1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	84	theme	vulgaris	984:991	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	84	theme	vulgaris	984:991	arg1	leucoagglutinin					993:1007	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	974:1007	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	974:1007	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	3	85	theme	%	347:347	arg1	concentration					360:372	a 50% inhibitory concentration	343:372	a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib	343:385	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	8	86	theme	extracellular	1591:1603	arg1	ERK					1629:1631	ERK	1629:1631	ERK	1629:1631	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	8	86	theme	extracellular	1591:1603	arg1	kinases					1620:1626	extracellular signal-related kinases	1591:1626	extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)	1591:1632	Expression levels of signaling molecules including erythroblastosis 26-1 (Ets-1), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and phosphorylated-ERK were measured by western blotting.
28693200	5	87	theme	intensity	1140:1148	arg1	≥2					1157:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	87	theme	intensity	1140:1148	arg1	P<0.05					1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	88	theme	Maackia	947:953	arg1	lecin					965:969	Maackia amurensis lecin I	947:971	Maackia amurensis lecin I	947:971	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	88	theme	Maackia	947:953	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	89	theme	expression	1898:1907	arg1	levels					1909:1914	the expression levels	1894:1914	the expression levels of Ets-1	1894:1923	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	1	90	theme	multikinase	104:114	arg1	Sorafenib					89:97	Sorafenib	89:97	Sorafenib	89:97	Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor and is effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
28693200	1	90	theme	multikinase	104:114	arg1	inhibitor					116:124	a multikinase inhibitor	102:124	a multikinase inhibitor	102:124	Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor and is effective in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
28693200	3	91	theme	sorafenib	377:385	arg1	concentration					360:372	a 50% inhibitory concentration	343:372	a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib	343:385	The present study treated HCC MHCC97L and MHCC97H cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration of sorafenib.
28693200	6	92	from	difference	1175:1184	arg1	capacity					1210:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	glycoprotein binding capacity	1189:1217	This difference in glycoprotein binding capacity indicates that cells treated with sorafenib could increase α-1,3GalNAc/Gal, β-1,3 Gal, GalNAcα-Ser/Thr(Tn) and α-GalNAc structures and decrease GlcNAc, sialic acid, tetra-antennary complex-type N-glycan and β-1,4Gal structures.
28693200	0	93	theme	glycosylation	40:52	arg1	alteration					18:27	alteration	18:27	alteration of protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells	18:86	Sorafenib induced alteration of protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
28693200	5	94	theme	pomifera	758:765	arg1	lectins					606:612	the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin	602:797	lectins	606:612	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	94	theme	pomifera	758:765	arg1	lectin					767:772	Maclura pomifera lectin	750:772	Maclura pomifera lectin	750:772	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	0	95	theme	hepatocellular	57:70	arg1	cells					82:86	hepatocellular carcinoma cells	57:86	hepatocellular carcinoma cells	57:86	Sorafenib induced alteration of protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
28693200	5	96	theme	Sambucus	1042:1049	arg1	lectin					1057:1062	Sambucus nigra lectin	1042:1062	Sambucus nigra lectin	1042:1062	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	96	theme	Sambucus	1042:1049	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	97	gly	glycoproteins	542:554	arg1	glycoproteins					542:554	glycoproteins	542:554	glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells	542:597	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	4	98	theme	lectin	471:476	arg1	microarray					478:487	a lectin microarray	469:487	a lectin microarray	469:487	Following this treatment, alteration of protein glycosylation was detected using a lectin microarray.
28693200	9	99	theme	activated	1957:1965	arg1	kinase					1975:1980	Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase	1941:1980	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
28693200	5	100	dep	reduced	1098:1104	arg1	≥2					1157:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2	1107:1158	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	100	dep	reduced	1098:1104	arg1	P<0.05					1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	P<0.05	1161:1166	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lectin					1057:1062	Sambucus nigra lectin	1042:1062	Sambucus nigra lectin	1042:1062	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	agglutinin					1027:1036	Ricinus communis agglutinin 60	1010:1039	Ricinus communis agglutinin 60	1010:1039	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lectin					939:944	Limulus polyphemus lectin	920:944	Limulus polyphemus lectin	920:944	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	leucoagglutinin					993:1007	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	974:1007	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	974:1007	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lectin					912:917	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	888:917	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	888:917	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lectin					1086:1091	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1068:1091	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1068:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lecin					965:969	Maackia amurensis lecin I	947:971	Maackia amurensis lecin I	947:971	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	101	dep	lectins	851:857	arg1	lectin					880:885	lectin	880:885	lectin	880:885	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	102	theme	communis	1018:1025	arg1	lectins					851:857	the lectins	847:857	the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin	847:1091	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	5	102	theme	communis	1018:1025	arg1	agglutinin					1027:1036	Ricinus communis agglutinin 60	1010:1039	Ricinus communis agglutinin 60	1010:1039	Compared with the controls, the binding capacity of glycoproteins extracted from sorafenib-treated HCC cells to the lectins Bauhinia purpurea lectin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, Euonymus europaeus lectin, Helix aspersa lectin, Helix pomatia lectin, Jacalin, Maclura pomifera lectin and Vicia villosa lectin were enhanced; while, the binding capacities to the lectins Caragana arborescens lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Limulus polyphemus lectin, Maackia amurensis lecin I, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin 60, Sambucus nigra lectin and Solanum tuberosum lectin were reduced (spot intensity median/background intensity median ≥2, P<0.05).
28693200	9	103	theme	kinase	1975:1980	arg1	pathway					1992:1998	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway	1937:1998	There was a reduction in the expression of Ets-1 and ERK phosphorylation in sorafenib or 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (2-aminophenylthio) butadiene treated cells suggesting that sorafenib may reduce the expression levels of Ets-1 by blocking the Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
25296561	9	0	theme	OAB	1633:1635	arg1	supernatants					1617:1628	supernatants	1617:1628	supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures	1617:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	7	1	theme	OAB	1270:1272	arg1	cells					1292:1296	OAB and NB cocultured cells	1270:1296	OAB and NB cocultured cells	1270:1296	RESULTS Overall, gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells was reduced compared to monocultures.
25296561	14	2	theme	mechanical	2346:2355	arg1	properties					2357:2366	mechanical properties	2346:2366	mechanical properties	2346:2366	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	11	3	theme	bFGF	1845:1848	arg1	bFGF					1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	3	theme	bFGF	1845:1848	arg1	GAG					1862:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	3	theme	bFGF	1845:1848	arg1	IL-1ß					1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	3	theme	bFGF	1845:1848	arg1	amounts					1827:1833	different amounts	1817:1833	different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG	1817:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	13	4	theme	induced	2114:2120	arg1	expression					2174:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	6	5	theme	expression	907:916	arg1	analysis					918:925	gene expression analysis	902:925	gene expression analysis	902:925	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	9	6	theme	NB	1641:1642	arg1	cocultures					1644:1653	NB cocultures	1641:1653	NB cocultures	1641:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	14	7	from	composition	2330:2340	arg1	cocultures					2412:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	14	8	theme	properties	2357:2366	arg1	alteration					2306:2315	an alteration	2303:2315	an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures	2303:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	6	9	from	BMSC	1124:1127	arg1	ECM					1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	9	from	BMSC	1124:1127	arg1	matrix					1056:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix	1026:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1026:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	9	from	BMSC	1124:1127	arg1	properties					1012:1021	the properties	1008:1021	the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1008:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	10	10	theme	cocultures	1741:1750	arg1	supernatants					1721:1732	supernatants	1721:1732	supernatants of OAB cocultures	1721:1750	IL-1ß concentration was increased in supernatants of OAB cocultures, but not in NB cocultures.
25296561	13	11	theme	metalloprotease	2129:2143	arg1	expression					2174:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	15	12	theme	temporary	2552:2560	arg1	effects					2562:2568	temporary effects	2552:2568	temporary effects on proteoglycan production	2552:2595	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	11	13	theme	GAG	1862:1864	arg1	bFGF					1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	13	theme	GAG	1862:1864	arg1	GAG					1862:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	13	theme	GAG	1862:1864	arg1	IL-1ß					1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	13	theme	GAG	1862:1864	arg1	amounts					1827:1833	different amounts	1817:1833	different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG	1817:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	3	14	theme	coculture	591:599	arg1	model					601:605	a novel coculture model	583:605	a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB)	583:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	12	15	theme	higher	1950:1955	arg1	modulus					1965:1971	higher Young's modulus	1950:1971	higher Young's modulus	1950:1971	In comparison to cocultures, monocultures exhibited higher Young's modulus and equilibrium modulus.
25296561	14	16	theme	bone	2407:2410	arg1	cocultures					2412:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	9	17	theme	early	1665:1669	arg1	points					1676:1681	early time points	1665:1681	early time points	1665:1681	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	11	18	theme	Cell-free	1779:1787	arg1	explants					1799:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants	1779:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants	1779:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	6	19	from	chondrocytes	1074:1085	arg1	ECM					1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	19	from	chondrocytes	1074:1085	arg1	matrix					1056:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix	1026:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1026:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	19	from	chondrocytes	1074:1085	arg1	properties					1012:1021	the properties	1008:1021	the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1008:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	9	20	from	concentrations	1512:1525	arg1	supernatants					1617:1628	supernatants	1617:1628	supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures	1617:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	0	21	theme	articular	137:145	arg1	chondrocytes					147:158	articular chondrocytes	137:158	articular chondrocytes	137:158	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	13	22	theme	expression	2085:2094	arg1	downregulation					2046:2059	a downregulation	2044:2059	a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2044:2094	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	3	23	with	gel	696:698	arg1	bone					731:734	normal subchondral bone	712:734	normal subchondral bone	712:734	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	3	23	with	gel	696:698	arg1	OA					705:706	OA	705:706	OA	705:706	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	5	24	theme	adipose-derived	846:860	arg1	ASC					874:876	ASC	874:876	ASC	874:876	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	5	24	theme	adipose-derived	846:860	arg1	cells					867:871	adipose-derived stem cells	846:871	adipose-derived stem cells (ASC)	846:877	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	6	25	theme	biomechanical	971:983	arg1	tests					985:989	biomechanical tests	971:989	biomechanical tests	971:989	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	8	26	theme	cell	1463:1466	arg1	lysates					1468:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	14	27	from	ECM	2388:2390	arg1	cocultures					2412:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	15	28	theme	soluble	2440:2446	arg1	factors					2448:2454	soluble factors	2440:2454	soluble factors	2440:2454	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	6	29	with	comparison	1158:1167	arg1	monocultures					1174:1185	monocultures	1174:1185	monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1174:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	13	30	theme	ACAN	2074:2077	arg1	expression					2085:2094	aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2064:2094	aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2064:2094	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	1	31	from	imbalance	217:225	arg1	bone					267:270	underlying subchondral bone	244:270	underlying subchondral bone	244:270	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	1	31	from	imbalance	217:225	arg1	cartilage					230:238	cartilage	230:238	cartilage	230:238	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	3	32	theme	embedded	677:684	arg1	BMSC					615:618	BMSC	615:618	BMSC	615:618	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	1	33	theme	INTRODUCTION	161:172	arg1	OA					190:191	OA	190:191	OA	190:191	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	1	33	theme	INTRODUCTION	161:172	arg1	Osteoarthritis					174:187	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis	161:187	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA)	161:192	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	6	34	theme	matrix	1056:1061	arg1	properties					1012:1021	the properties	1008:1021	the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1008:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	15	35	from	effects	2562:2568	arg1	collagen					2539:2546	collagen	2539:2546	collagen	2539:2546	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	15	35	from	effects	2562:2568	arg1	production					2586:2595	proteoglycan production	2573:2595	proteoglycan production	2573:2595	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	13	36	theme	IL-8	2200:2203	arg1	stimulation					2205:2215	IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation	2191:2215	IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation	2191:2215	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	6	37	theme	generated	1032:1040	arg1	ECM					1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	37	theme	generated	1032:1040	arg1	matrix					1056:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix	1026:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1026:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	2	38	theme	OA	543:544	arg1	chondrocytes					546:557	differentiated OA chondrocytes	528:557	differentiated OA chondrocytes	528:557	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	0	39	theme	bone	90:93	arg1	cells					127:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	3	40	dep	cultures	627:634	arg1	chondrocytes					646:657	chondrocytes	646:657	chondrocytes	646:657	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	3	40	dep	cultures	627:634	arg1	BMSC					637:640	BMSC	637:640	BMSC	637:640	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	12	41	dep	cocultures	1915:1924	arg1	comparison					1901:1910	comparison	1901:1910	comparison	1901:1910	In comparison to cocultures, monocultures exhibited higher Young's modulus and equilibrium modulus.
25296561	14	42	theme	composition	2330:2340	arg1	alteration					2306:2315	an alteration	2303:2315	an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures	2303:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	8	43	theme	collagen	1383:1390	arg1	production					1434:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production	1363:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates	1363:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	0	44	theme	mesenchymal	110:120	arg1	cells					127:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	5	45	link	adipose-derived	846:860	arg1	ASC					874:876	ASC	874:876	ASC	874:876	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	5	45	link	adipose-derived	846:860	arg1	cells					867:871	adipose-derived stem cells	846:871	adipose-derived stem cells (ASC)	846:877	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	9	46	theme	soluble	1530:1536	arg1	GAGs					1538:1541	soluble GAGs	1530:1541	soluble GAGs	1530:1541	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	6	47	from	properties	1012:1021	arg1	chondrocytes					1074:1085	chondrocytes	1074:1085	chondrocytes	1074:1085	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	47	from	properties	1012:1021	arg1	BMSC					1124:1127	chondrogenically differentiating BMSC	1091:1127	chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1091:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	4	48	theme	OA	802:803	arg1	patients					815:822	OA or trauma patients	802:822	patients	815:822	Tissues and cells were either derived from OA or trauma patients.
25296561	2	49	theme	marrow-derived	450:463	arg1	BMSC					489:492	BMSC	489:492	BMSC	489:492	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	49	theme	marrow-derived	450:463	arg1	cells					482:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	434:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	434:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	0	50	theme	cells	127:131	arg1	differentiation					41:55	chondrogenic differentiation	28:55	chondrogenic differentiation	28:55	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	0	50	theme	cells	127:131	arg1	production					70:79	collagen production	61:79	collagen production	61:79	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	9	51	from	IL-8	1609:1612	arg1	supernatants					1617:1628	supernatants	1617:1628	supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures	1617:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	6	52	theme	differentiating	1108:1122	arg1	BMSC					1124:1127	chondrogenically differentiating BMSC	1091:1127	chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1091:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	2	53	from	shift	519:523	arg1	chondrocytes					546:557	differentiated OA chondrocytes	528:557	differentiated OA chondrocytes	528:557	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	0	54	theme	human	84:88	arg1	cells					127:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	15	55	from	effects	2528:2534	arg1	collagen					2539:2546	collagen	2539:2546	collagen	2539:2546	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	15	55	from	effects	2528:2534	arg1	production					2586:2595	proteoglycan production	2573:2595	proteoglycan production	2573:2595	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	3	56	from	embedded	677:684	arg1	gel					696:698	fibrin gel	689:698	fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB)	689:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	2	57	theme	cocultured	434:443	arg1	BMSC					489:492	BMSC	489:492	BMSC	489:492	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	57	theme	cocultured	434:443	arg1	cells					482:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	434:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	434:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	0	58	theme	Subchondral	0:10	arg1	bone					12:15	Subchondral bone	0:15	Subchondral bone	0:15	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	13	59	theme	gene	2169:2172	arg1	expression					2174:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	10	60	theme	OAB	1737:1739	arg1	cocultures					1741:1750	OAB cocultures	1737:1750	OAB cocultures	1737:1750	IL-1ß concentration was increased in supernatants of OAB cocultures, but not in NB cocultures.
25296561	9	61	from	IL	1599:1600	arg1	supernatants					1617:1628	supernatants	1617:1628	supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures	1617:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	2	62	theme	stem	477:480	arg1	BMSC					489:492	BMSC	489:492	BMSC	489:492	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	62	theme	stem	477:480	arg1	cells					482:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	434:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	434:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	15	63	theme	networks	2684:2691	arg1	strength					2649:2656	mechanical strength	2638:2656	mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks	2638:2691	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	0	64	link	marrow-derived	95:108	arg1	cells					127:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	2	65	theme	phenotypic	508:517	arg1	shift					519:523	a phenotypic shift	506:523	a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes	506:557	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	15	66	theme	formed	2667:2672	arg1	networks					2684:2691	newly formed fibrillar networks	2661:2691	newly formed fibrillar networks	2661:2691	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	3	67	theme	fibrin	689:694	arg1	gel					696:698	fibrin gel	689:698	fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB)	689:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	6	68	from	NB	1152:1153	arg1	comparison					1158:1167	comparison	1158:1167	comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1158:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	0	69	theme	collagen	61:68	arg1	production					70:79	collagen production	61:79	collagen production	61:79	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	3	70	theme	subchondral	719:729	arg1	bone					731:734	normal subchondral bone	712:734	normal subchondral bone	712:734	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	4	71	theme	trauma	808:813	arg1	patients					815:822	OA or trauma patients	802:822	patients	815:822	Tissues and cells were either derived from OA or trauma patients.
25296561	13	72	theme	monocultures	2013:2024	arg1	Stimulation					1998:2008	Stimulation	1998:2008	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß	1998:2035	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	2	73	theme	matrix	367:372	arg1	components					374:383	matrix components	367:383	matrix components	367:383	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	1	74	theme	underlying	244:253	arg1	bone					267:270	underlying subchondral bone	244:270	underlying subchondral bone	244:270	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	5	75	used	used	841:844	arg2	we					838:839	we	838:839	we	838:839	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	8	76	theme	cocultured	1452:1461	arg1	lysates					1468:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	6	77	theme	biochemical	928:938	arg1	assays					940:945	biochemical assays	928:945	biochemical assays	928:945	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	7	78	theme	cocultured	1281:1290	arg1	cells					1292:1296	OAB and NB cocultured cells	1270:1296	OAB and NB cocultured cells	1270:1296	RESULTS Overall, gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells was reduced compared to monocultures.
25296561	14	79	dep	CONCLUSIONS	2271:2281	arg1	suggest					2295:2301	suggest	2295:2301	suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures	2295:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	6	80	from	OAB	1145:1147	arg1	comparison					1158:1167	comparison	1158:1167	comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1158:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	2	81	theme	chondrogenic	392:403	arg1	potential					421:429	chondrogenic differentiation potential	392:429	chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	392:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	15	82	theme	inhibitory	2517:2526	arg1	effects					2528:2534	inhibitory effects	2517:2534	inhibitory effects on collagen	2517:2546	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	3	83	dep	OA	705:706	arg1	NB					754:755	NB	754:755	NB	754:755	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	3	83	dep	OA	705:706	arg1	OAB					746:748	OAB	746:748	OAB	746:748	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	3	83	dep	OA	705:706	arg1	explants					736:743	explants	736:743	explants (OAB and NB)	736:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	2	84	theme	subchondral	323:333	arg1	bone					335:338	the subchondral bone	319:338	the subchondral bone	319:338	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	13	85	theme	matrix	2122:2127	arg1	MMP					2146:2148	MMP	2146:2148	MMP	2146:2148	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	13	85	theme	matrix	2122:2127	arg1	metalloprotease					2129:2143	matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2	2122:2150	matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2	2122:2150	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	10	86	theme	NB	1764:1765	arg1	cocultures					1767:1776	NB cocultures	1764:1776	NB cocultures	1764:1776	IL-1ß concentration was increased in supernatants of OAB cocultures, but not in NB cocultures.
25296561	6	87	theme	gene	902:905	arg1	analysis					918:925	gene expression analysis	902:925	gene expression analysis	902:925	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	9	88	theme	cocultures	1644:1653	arg1	supernatants					1617:1628	supernatants	1617:1628	supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures	1617:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	13	89	with	Stimulation	1998:2008	arg1	IL-1ß					2031:2035	IL-1ß	2031:2035	IL-1ß	2031:2035	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	3	90	from	gel	696:698	arg1	embedded					677:684	embedded	677:684	embedded	677:684	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	14	91	theme	molecular	2320:2328	arg1	composition					2330:2340	molecular composition	2320:2340	molecular composition	2320:2340	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	3	92	theme	novel	585:589	arg1	model					601:605	a novel coculture model	583:605	a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB)	583:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	12	93	theme	equilibrium	1977:1987	arg1	modulus					1989:1995	equilibrium modulus	1977:1995	equilibrium modulus	1977:1995	In comparison to cocultures, monocultures exhibited higher Young's modulus and equilibrium modulus.
25296561	6	94	theme	bone	1205:1208	arg1	explants					1210:1217	bone explants	1205:1217	bone explants	1205:1217	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	95	dep	monocultures	1174:1185	arg1	cultures					1188:1195	cultures	1188:1195	cultures without bone explants	1188:1217	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	15	96	theme	mechanical	2638:2647	arg1	strength					2649:2656	mechanical strength	2638:2656	mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks	2638:2691	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	3	97	theme	mixed	621:625	arg1	cultures					627:634	mixed cultures	621:634	mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes)	621:658	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	9	98	theme	time	1671:1674	arg1	points					1676:1681	early time points	1665:1681	early time points	1665:1681	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	4	99	attach	derived	789:795	arg1	patients					815:822	OA or trauma patients	802:822	patients	815:822	Tissues and cells were either derived from OA or trauma patients.
25296561	4	99	attach	derived	789:795	arg2	Tissues					759:765	Tissues	759:765	Tissues	759:765	Tissues and cells were either derived from OA or trauma patients.
25296561	4	99	attach	derived	789:795	arg2	cells					771:775	cells	771:775	cells	771:775	Tissues and cells were either derived from OA or trauma patients.
25296561	0	100	theme	chondrocytes	147:158	arg1	differentiation					41:55	chondrogenic differentiation	28:55	chondrogenic differentiation	28:55	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	0	100	theme	chondrocytes	147:158	arg1	production					70:79	collagen production	61:79	collagen production	61:79	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	15	101	theme	proteoglycan	2573:2584	arg1	production					2586:2595	proteoglycan production	2573:2595	proteoglycan production	2573:2595	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	12	102	theme	Young	1957:1961	arg1	modulus					1965:1971	higher Young's modulus	1950:1971	higher Young's modulus	1950:1971	In comparison to cocultures, monocultures exhibited higher Young's modulus and equilibrium modulus.
25296561	9	103	theme	fibroblast	1553:1562	arg1	bFGF					1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	103	theme	fibroblast	1553:1562	arg1	factor					1571:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor	1547:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	1547:1583	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	10	104	theme	IL-1ß	1684:1688	arg1	concentration					1690:1702	IL-1ß concentration	1684:1702	IL-1ß concentration	1684:1702	IL-1ß concentration was increased in supernatants of OAB cocultures, but not in NB cocultures.
25296561	8	105	from	production	1434:1443	arg1	lysates					1468:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	5	106	theme	stem	862:865	arg1	ASC					874:876	ASC	874:876	ASC	874:876	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	5	106	theme	stem	862:865	arg1	cells					867:871	adipose-derived stem cells	846:871	adipose-derived stem cells (ASC)	846:877	In addition, we used adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) from liposuction.
25296561	15	107	dep	exert	2511:2515	arg1	results					2612:2618	results	2612:2618	results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks	2612:2691	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	13	108	theme	MMP-13	2162:2167	arg1	expression					2174:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	11	109	theme	NB	1789:1790	arg1	explants					1799:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants	1779:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants	1779:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	9	110	theme	increased	1502:1510	arg1	concentrations					1512:1525	increased concentrations	1502:1525	increased concentrations of soluble GAGs	1502:1541	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	11	111	theme	OAB	1795:1797	arg1	explants					1799:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants	1779:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants	1779:1806	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	1	112	dep	cartilage	230:238	arg1	homeostasis					272:282	homeostasis	272:282	homeostasis	272:282	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	14	113	theme	formed	2381:2386	arg1	ECM					2388:2390	the newly formed ECM	2371:2390	the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures	2371:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	14	114	from	properties	2357:2366	arg1	cocultures					2412:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	11	115	theme	different	1817:1825	arg1	bFGF					1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	115	theme	different	1817:1825	arg1	GAG					1862:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	115	theme	different	1817:1825	arg1	IL-1ß					1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	115	theme	different	1817:1825	arg1	amounts					1827:1833	different amounts	1817:1833	different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG	1817:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	7	116	theme	collagens	1257:1265	arg1	expression					1243:1252	gene expression	1238:1252	gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells	1238:1296	RESULTS Overall, gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells was reduced compared to monocultures.
25296561	13	117	theme	gene	2080:2083	arg1	expression					2085:2094	aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2064:2094	aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2064:2094	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	9	118	theme	GAGs	1538:1541	arg1	IL					1599:1600	interleukin (IL)-6	1586:1603	interleukin (IL)-6	1586:1603	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	118	theme	GAGs	1538:1541	arg1	bFGF					1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	118	theme	GAGs	1538:1541	arg1	concentrations					1512:1525	increased concentrations	1502:1525	increased concentrations of soluble GAGs	1502:1541	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	118	theme	GAGs	1538:1541	arg1	IL-8					1609:1612	IL-8	1609:1612	IL-8	1609:1612	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	118	theme	GAGs	1538:1541	arg1	factor					1571:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor	1547:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	1547:1583	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	6	119	theme	extracellular	1042:1054	arg1	ECM					1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	ECM	1064:1066	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	6	119	theme	extracellular	1042:1054	arg1	matrix					1056:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix	1026:1061	newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants)	1026:1218	With gene expression analysis, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence and biomechanical tests we characterized the properties of newly generated extracellular matrix (ECM) from chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiating BMSC cocultured with OAB or NB in comparison with monocultures (cultures without bone explants).
25296561	15	120	theme	strength	2649:2656	arg1	reduction					2625:2633	a reduction	2623:2633	a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks	2623:2691	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	7	121	theme	gene	1238:1241	arg1	expression					1243:1252	gene expression	1238:1252	gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells	1238:1296	RESULTS Overall, gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells was reduced compared to monocultures.
25296561	0	122	theme	marrow-derived	95:108	arg1	cells					127:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	9	123	theme	basic	1547:1551	arg1	bFGF					1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	123	theme	basic	1547:1551	arg1	factor					1571:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor	1547:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	1547:1583	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	2	124	from	bone	335:338	arg1	signals					306:312	signals	306:312	signals from the subchondral bone	306:338	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	125	theme	differentiated	528:541	arg1	chondrocytes					546:557	differentiated OA chondrocytes	528:557	differentiated OA chondrocytes	528:557	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	0	126	theme	stem	122:125	arg1	cells					127:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	84:131	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	13	127	theme	aggrecan	2064:2071	arg1	expression					2085:2094	aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2064:2094	aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression	2064:2094	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	9	128	theme	growth	1564:1569	arg1	bFGF					1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	bFGF	1579:1582	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	128	theme	growth	1564:1569	arg1	factor					1571:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor	1547:1576	basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	1547:1583	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	9	129	from	factor	1571:1576	arg1	supernatants					1617:1628	supernatants	1617:1628	supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures	1617:1653	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	8	130	theme	lower	1377:1381	arg1	production					1434:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production	1363:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates	1363:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	13	131	theme	MMP-13	2247:2252	arg1	expression					2259:2268	MMP-13 gene expression	2247:2268	MMP-13 gene expression	2247:2268	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	2	132	theme	bone	445:448	arg1	BMSC					489:492	BMSC	489:492	BMSC	489:492	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	132	theme	bone	445:448	arg1	cells					482:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	434:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	434:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	3	133	dep	METHODS	560:566	arg1	established					571:581	established	571:581	established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB)	571:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	14	134	from	cocultures	2412:2421	arg1	composition					2330:2340	molecular composition	2320:2340	molecular composition	2320:2340	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	14	134	from	cocultures	2412:2421	arg1	properties					2357:2366	mechanical properties	2346:2366	mechanical properties	2346:2366	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	0	135	theme	chondrogenic	28:39	arg1	differentiation					41:55	chondrogenic differentiation	28:55	chondrogenic differentiation	28:55	Subchondral bone influences chondrogenic differentiation and collagen production of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
25296561	3	136	dep	explants	736:743	arg1	NB					754:755	NB	754:755	NB	754:755	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	3	136	dep	explants	736:743	arg1	OAB					746:748	OAB	746:748	OAB	746:748	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	3	136	dep	explants	736:743	arg1	explants					736:743	explants	736:743	explants (OAB and NB)	736:756	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	9	137	theme	interleukin	1586:1596	arg1	IL					1599:1600	interleukin (IL)-6	1586:1603	interleukin (IL)-6	1586:1603	In parallel, we detected increased concentrations of soluble GAGs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in supernatants of OAB and NB cocultures mainly at early time points.
25296561	8	138	theme	III	1402:1404	arg1	production					1434:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production	1363:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates	1363:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	2	139	theme	cells	482:486	arg1	potential					421:429	chondrogenic differentiation potential	392:429	chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	392:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	15	140	theme	fibrillar	2674:2682	arg1	networks					2684:2691	newly formed fibrillar networks	2661:2691	newly formed fibrillar networks	2661:2691	We suggest that soluble factors, that is interleukins and bFGF, released in cocultures exert inhibitory effects on collagen and temporary effects on proteoglycan production, which finally results in a reduction of mechanical strength of newly formed fibrillar networks.
25296561	13	141	theme	IL-6	2191:2194	arg1	stimulation					2205:2215	IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation	2191:2215	IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation	2191:2215	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	13	142	theme	gene	2254:2257	arg1	expression					2259:2268	MMP-13 gene expression	2247:2268	MMP-13 gene expression	2247:2268	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	11	143	theme	cell	1871:1874	arg1	supernatants					1884:1895	cell culture supernatants	1871:1895	cell culture supernatants	1871:1895	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	2	144	link	marrow-derived	450:463	arg1	BMSC					489:492	BMSC	489:492	BMSC	489:492	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	144	link	marrow-derived	450:463	arg1	cells					482:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	434:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	434:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	8	145	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1410:1426	arg1	production					1434:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production	1363:1443	significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates	1363:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	14	146	theme	subchondral	2395:2405	arg1	cocultures					2412:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	subchondral bone cocultures	2395:2421	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	2	147	theme	mesenchymal	465:475	arg1	BMSC					489:492	BMSC	489:492	BMSC	489:492	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	2	147	theme	mesenchymal	465:475	arg1	cells					482:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	434:486	cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	434:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	13	148	theme	MMP3	2153:2156	arg1	expression					2174:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression	2114:2183	Stimulation of monocultures with IL-1ß led to a downregulation of aggrecan (ACAN) gene expression and in general to induced matrix metalloprotease (MMP)2, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression while IL-6 and IL-8 stimulation partly reduced ACAN, MMP3 and MMP-13 gene expression.
25296561	3	149	theme	normal	712:717	arg1	bone					731:734	normal subchondral bone	712:734	normal subchondral bone	712:734	METHODS We established a novel coculture model between BMSC, mixed cultures (BMSC and chondrocytes) and chondrocytes embedded in fibrin gel with OA and normal subchondral bone explants (OAB and NB).
25296561	14	150	theme	ECM	2388:2390	arg1	composition					2330:2340	molecular composition	2320:2340	molecular composition	2320:2340	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	14	150	theme	ECM	2388:2390	arg1	properties					2357:2366	mechanical properties	2346:2366	mechanical properties	2346:2366	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an alteration of molecular composition and mechanical properties of the newly formed ECM in subchondral bone cocultures.
25296561	2	151	theme	components	374:383	arg1	production					353:362	production	353:362	production of matrix components	353:383	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
25296561	11	152	theme	IL-1ß	1838:1842	arg1	bFGF					1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	bFGF	1845:1848	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	152	theme	IL-1ß	1838:1842	arg1	GAG					1862:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	152	theme	IL-1ß	1838:1842	arg1	IL-1ß					1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	IL-1ß	1838:1842	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	11	152	theme	IL-1ß	1838:1842	arg1	amounts					1827:1833	different amounts	1817:1833	different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG	1817:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	7	153	theme	cells	1292:1296	arg1	collagens					1257:1265	collagens	1257:1265	collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells	1257:1296	RESULTS Overall, gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells was reduced compared to monocultures.
25296561	11	154	theme	soluble	1854:1860	arg1	GAG					1862:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	soluble GAG	1854:1864	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	1	155	theme	subchondral	255:265	arg1	bone					267:270	underlying subchondral bone	244:270	underlying subchondral bone	244:270	INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an imbalance in cartilage and underlying subchondral bone homeostasis.
25296561	7	156	theme	NB	1278:1279	arg1	cells					1292:1296	OAB and NB cocultured cells	1270:1296	OAB and NB cocultured cells	1270:1296	RESULTS Overall, gene expression of collagens of OAB and NB cocultured cells was reduced compared to monocultures.
25296561	11	157	theme	culture	1876:1882	arg1	supernatants					1884:1895	cell culture supernatants	1871:1895	cell culture supernatants	1871:1895	Cell-free NB or OAB explants released different amounts of IL-1ß, bFGF and soluble GAG into cell culture supernatants.
25296561	8	158	theme	OAB	1448:1450	arg1	lysates					1468:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	OAB cocultured cell lysates	1448:1474	Concomitantly, we observed significantly lower collagen I, II and III and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production in OAB cocultured cell lysates.
25296561	2	159	theme	differentiation	405:419	arg1	potential					421:429	chondrogenic differentiation potential	392:429	chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)	392:493	We hypothesized that signals from the subchondral bone may modulate production of matrix components, alter chondrogenic differentiation potential of cocultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and induce a phenotypic shift in differentiated OA chondrocytes.
27318177	10	0	theme	cellular	1933:1940	arg1	recognition					1942:1952	cellular recognition	1933:1952	cellular recognition	1933:1952	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	2	1	gly	glycoproteins	293:305	arg1	glycoproteins					293:305	glycoproteins	293:305	glycoproteins	293:305	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	3	2	theme	T.	560:561	arg1	stages					550:555	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages	514:555	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi	514:567	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	12	3	theme	stage-specific	2226:2239	arg1	signatures					2255:2264	interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures	2214:2264	interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2214:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	10	4	dep	cell	1960:1963	arg1	invasion					1965:1972	invasion	1965:1972	invasion	1965:1972	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	2	5	theme	developmental	271:283	arg1	stages					285:290	T. cruzi developmental stages	262:290	T. cruzi developmental stages	262:290	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	1	6	theme	life	172:175	arg1	cycle					177:181	a complex life cycle	162:181	a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages	162:252	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	7	7	theme	life	1508:1511	arg1	cycle					1513:1517	its complex life cycle	1496:1517	its complex life cycle	1496:1517	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	3	8	theme	glycopeptide	579:590	arg1	chromatography					663:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	8	theme	glycopeptide	579:590	arg1	lectin-based					615:626	lectin-based	615:626	lectin-based	615:626	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	8	theme	glycopeptide	579:590	arg1	strategies					603:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	4	9	dep	T.	825:826	arg1	cruzi					828:832	cruzi	828:832	cruzi	828:832	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	6	10	theme	O-linked	1028:1035	arg1	heterogeneity					1044:1056	O-linked glycan heterogeneity	1028:1056	O-linked glycan heterogeneity	1028:1056	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	11	11	theme	N-linked	2072:2079	arg1	glycoproteome					2094:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome	2068:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2068:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	6	12	gly	glycopeptides	1206:1218	arg2	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	10	13	theme	host-parasite	1898:1910	arg1	interaction					1912:1922	the host-parasite interaction	1894:1922	the host-parasite interaction	1894:1922	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	6	14	theme	N-	1021:1022	arg1	characterization					997:1012	global site-specific characterization	976:1012	global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi	976:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	4	15	gly	N-glycosylation	760:774	arg2	sites					776:780	1306 N-glycosylation sites	755:780	1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs	755:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	11	16	theme	O-linked	2085:2092	arg1	glycoproteome					2094:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome	2068:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2068:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	11	17	dep	T.	2115:2116	arg1	cruzi					2118:2122	cruzi	2118:2122	cruzi	2118:2122	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	3	18	gly	glycopeptide	579:590	arg2	glycopeptide					579:590	glycopeptide	579:590	glycopeptide	579:590	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	6	19	link	O-linked	1028:1035	arg1	heterogeneity					1044:1056	O-linked glycan heterogeneity	1028:1056	O-linked glycan heterogeneity	1028:1056	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	10	20	from	processes	1881:1889	arg1	interaction					1912:1922	the host-parasite interaction	1894:1922	the host-parasite interaction	1894:1922	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	6	21	theme	site-specific	983:995	arg1	characterization					997:1012	global site-specific characterization	976:1012	global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi	976:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	6	22	dep	N-	1021:1022	arg1	the					1017:1019	the	1017:1019	the	1017:1019	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	4	23	theme	N-glycosylation	760:774	arg1	sites					776:780	1306 N-glycosylation sites	755:780	1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs	755:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	3	24	theme	liquid	656:661	arg1	chromatography					663:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	24	theme	liquid	656:661	arg1	strategies					603:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	1	25	theme	Chagas	142:147	arg1	disease					149:155	Chagas disease	142:155	Chagas disease	142:155	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	12	26	theme	spectrometry-based	2177:2194	arg1	proteomics					2196:2205	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics	2172:2205	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics	2172:2205	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	3	27	theme	hydrophilic	632:642	arg1	chromatography					663:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	27	theme	hydrophilic	632:642	arg1	strategies					603:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	6	28	theme	life	1069:1072	arg1	stages					1074:1079	the two life stages	1061:1079	the two life stages of T. cruzi	1061:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	6	29	from	stages	1074:1079	arg1	characterization					997:1012	global site-specific characterization	976:1012	global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi	976:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	0	30	theme	cruzi	90:94	arg1	stages					68:73	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages	32:73	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi	32:94	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
27318177	12	31	from	importance	2309:2318	arg1	trypomastigotes					2366:2380	trypomastigotes	2366:2380	trypomastigotes	2366:2380	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	31	from	importance	2309:2318	arg1	epimastigotes					2348:2360	epimastigotes	2348:2360	epimastigotes	2348:2360	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	2	32	theme	T.	262:263	arg1	stages					285:290	T. cruzi developmental stages	262:290	T. cruzi developmental stages	262:290	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	12	33	theme	potential	2414:2422	arg1	targets					2436:2442	potential therapeutic targets	2414:2442	potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2414:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	34	theme	glycoproteome	2241:2253	arg1	signatures					2255:2264	interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures	2214:2264	interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2214:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	6	35	theme	heterogeneity	1044:1056	arg1	characterization					997:1012	global site-specific characterization	976:1012	global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi	976:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	12	36	theme	glycosylation	2331:2343	arg1	importance					2309:2318	the importance	2305:2318	the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2305:2380	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	37	theme	targets	2436:2442	arg1	repertoire					2400:2409	the repertoire	2396:2409	the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2396:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	37	theme	targets	2436:2442	arg1	targets					2436:2442	potential therapeutic targets	2414:2442	potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2414:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	4	38	from	motifs	793:798	arg1	total					746:750	a total	744:750	a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs	744:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	8	39	theme	protozoan	1573:1581	arg1	cruzi					1595:1599	the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1569:1599	the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1569:1599	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	0	40	theme	Trypanosoma	78:88	arg1	cruzi					90:94	Trypanosoma cruzi	78:94	Trypanosoma cruzi	78:94	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
27318177	2	41	theme	host	391:394	arg1	cell					396:399	host cell invasion and adhesion	391:421	cell	396:399	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	0	42	theme	Comprehensive	0:12	arg1	glycoprofiling					14:27	Comprehensive glycoprofiling	0:27	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi	0:94	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
27318177	6	43	theme	intact	1109:1114	arg1	analysis					1129:1136	intact glycopeptide analysis	1109:1136	intact glycopeptide analysis	1109:1136	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	7	44	theme	T.	1410:1411	arg1	phenotype					1419:1427	T. cruzi phenotype	1410:1427	T. cruzi phenotype	1410:1427	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	7	45	dep	T.	1319:1320	arg1	stage-specific					1328:1341	stage-specific	1328:1341	stage-specific	1328:1341	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	7	45	dep	T.	1319:1320	arg1	cruzi					1322:1326	cruzi	1322:1326	cruzi	1322:1326	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	0	46	theme	epimastigote	36:47	arg1	stages					68:73	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages	32:73	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi	32:94	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
27318177	7	47	dep	phenotype	1419:1427	arg1	the					1406:1408	the	1406:1408	the	1406:1408	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	6	48	theme	cruzi	1087:1091	arg1	stages					1074:1079	the two life stages	1061:1079	the two life stages of T. cruzi	1061:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	6	49	from	characterization	997:1012	arg1	stages					1074:1079	the two life stages	1061:1079	the two life stages of T. cruzi	1061:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	10	50	theme	candidate	1840:1848	arg1	Glycoproteins					1794:1806	Glycoproteins	1794:1806	Glycoproteins	1794:1806	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	10	50	theme	candidate	1840:1848	arg1	targets					1850:1856	very attractive therapeutic candidate targets	1812:1856	very attractive therapeutic candidate targets	1812:1856	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	0	51	theme	trypomastigote	53:66	arg1	stages					68:73	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages	32:73	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi	32:94	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
27318177	9	52	theme	vaccines	1721:1728	arg1	absence					1690:1696	The absence	1686:1696	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease	1686:1751	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease stimulates the search for novel targets.
27318177	6	53	theme	unique	1183:1188	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	10	54	theme	host	1955:1958	arg1	cell					1960:1963	host cell invasion and adhesion	1955:1985	cell	1960:1963	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	8	55	theme	BIOLOGICAL	1520:1529	arg1	disease					1616:1622	a neglected disease	1604:1622	a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America	1604:1683	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	8	55	theme	BIOLOGICAL	1520:1529	arg1	disease					1551:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease	1520:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1520:1599	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	9	56	theme	drugs	1711:1715	arg1	absence					1690:1696	The absence	1686:1696	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease	1686:1751	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease stimulates the search for novel targets.
27318177	3	57	theme	glycoprofiling	473:486	arg1	analysis					488:495	comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis	459:495	comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis	459:495	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	10	58	theme	key	1877:1879	arg1	recognition					1942:1952	cellular recognition	1933:1952	cellular recognition	1933:1952	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	10	58	theme	key	1877:1879	arg1	cell					1960:1963	host cell invasion and adhesion	1955:1985	cell	1960:1963	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	10	58	theme	key	1877:1879	arg1	processes					1881:1889	key processes	1877:1889	key processes	1877:1889	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	10	58	theme	key	1877:1879	arg1	evasion					1999:2005	immune evasion	1992:2005	immune evasion	1992:2005	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	9	59	theme	Chagas	1738:1743	arg1	disease					1745:1751	Chagas disease	1738:1751	Chagas disease	1738:1751	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease stimulates the search for novel targets.
27318177	3	60	theme	resolution	696:705	arg1	LC-MS/MS					707:714	high resolution LC-MS/MS	691:714	high resolution LC-MS/MS	691:714	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	8	61	theme	Chagas	1544:1549	arg1	disease					1616:1622	a neglected disease	1604:1622	a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America	1604:1683	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	8	61	theme	Chagas	1544:1549	arg1	disease					1551:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease	1520:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1520:1599	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	3	62	theme	epimastigote	518:529	arg1	stages					550:555	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages	514:555	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi	514:567	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	4	63	from	total	746:750	arg1	motifs					793:798	NxS/T/C motifs	785:798	NxS/T/C motifs	785:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	1	64	theme	developmental	233:245	arg1	stages					247:252	distinct developmental stages	224:252	distinct developmental stages	224:252	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	4	65	gly	glycoproteins	834:846	arg1	glycoproteins					834:846	690 T. cruzi glycoproteins	821:846	690 T. cruzi glycoproteins	821:846	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	6	66	theme	global	976:981	arg1	characterization					997:1012	global site-specific characterization	976:1012	global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi	976:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	7	67	dep	T.	1410:1411	arg1	cruzi					1413:1417	cruzi	1413:1417	cruzi	1413:1417	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	6	68	theme	unique	1157:1162	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	11	69	theme	stages	2129:2134	arg1	glycoproteome					2094:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome	2068:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2068:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	9	70	theme	novel	1779:1783	arg1	targets					1785:1791	novel targets	1779:1791	novel targets	1779:1791	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease stimulates the search for novel targets.
27318177	1	71	contain	has	158:160	arg1	cruzi					109:113	Trypanosoma cruzi	97:113	Trypanosoma cruzi	97:113	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	1	71	contain	has	158:160	arg1	protozoan					120:128	the protozoan	116:128	the protozoan that causes Chagas disease	116:155	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	1	71	contain	has	158:160	arg2	cycle					177:181	a complex life cycle	162:181	a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages	162:252	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	3	72	theme	trypomastigote	535:548	arg1	stages					550:555	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages	514:555	the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi	514:567	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	1	73	theme	complex	164:170	arg1	cycle					177:181	a complex life cycle	162:181	a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages	162:252	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	7	74	with	interaction	1456:1466	arg1	hosts					1483:1487	different hosts	1473:1487	different hosts	1473:1487	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	7	75	theme	significant	1307:1317	arg1	expression					1343:1352	the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression	1303:1352	the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle	1303:1517	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	6	76	theme	glycan	1037:1042	arg1	heterogeneity					1044:1056	O-linked glycan heterogeneity	1028:1056	O-linked glycan heterogeneity	1028:1056	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	5	77	gly	glycoproteins	873:885	arg1	glycoproteins					873:885	170 and 334 glycoproteins	861:885	170 and 334 glycoproteins	861:885	Among them, 170 and 334 glycoproteins were exclusively identified in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	2	78	dep	T.	262:263	arg1	cruzi					265:269	cruzi	265:269	cruzi	265:269	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	2	79	theme	important	312:320	arg1	role					322:325	important role	312:325	important role	312:325	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	1	80	theme	insect	193:198	arg1	hosts					214:218	insect and mammalian hosts	193:218	insect and mammalian hosts	193:218	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	6	81	theme	intact	1199:1204	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	1	82	theme	mammalian	204:212	arg1	hosts					214:218	insect and mammalian hosts	193:218	insect and mammalian hosts	193:218	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	3	83	theme	enrichment	592:601	arg1	chromatography					663:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	83	theme	enrichment	592:601	arg1	lectin-based					615:626	lectin-based	615:626	lectin-based	615:626	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	83	theme	enrichment	592:601	arg1	strategies					603:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	8	84	theme	Trypanosoma	1583:1593	arg1	cruzi					1595:1599	the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1569:1599	the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1569:1599	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	7	85	theme	different	1473:1481	arg1	hosts					1483:1487	different hosts	1473:1487	different hosts	1473:1487	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	12	86	theme	interesting	2214:2224	arg1	signatures					2255:2264	interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures	2214:2264	interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2214:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	87	theme	protein	2323:2329	arg1	glycosylation					2331:2343	protein glycosylation	2323:2343	protein glycosylation	2323:2343	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	3	88	theme	interaction	644:654	arg1	chromatography					663:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	632:676	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	3	88	theme	interaction	644:654	arg1	strategies					603:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	two glycopeptide enrichment strategies	575:612	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	11	89	dep	stages	2129:2134	arg1	trypomastigotes					2155:2169	trypomastigotes	2155:2169	trypomastigotes	2155:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	11	89	dep	stages	2129:2134	arg1	epimastigotes					2137:2149	epimastigotes	2137:2149	epimastigotes	2137:2149	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	4	90	theme	1306	755:758	arg1	sites					776:780	1306 N-glycosylation sites	755:780	1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs	755:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	2	91	theme	host-parasite	334:346	arg1	interaction					348:358	the host-parasite interaction	330:358	the host-parasite interaction	330:358	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	7	92	theme	T.	1319:1320	arg1	expression					1343:1352	the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression	1303:1352	the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle	1303:1517	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	11	93	theme	glycoproteome	2094:2106	arg1	characterization					2048:2063	depth characterization	2042:2063	depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2042:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	11	94	theme	T.	2115:2116	arg1	stages					2129:2134	two T. cruzi life stages	2111:2134	two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2111:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	8	95	theme	neglected	1606:1614	arg1	disease					1616:1622	a neglected disease	1604:1622	a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America	1604:1683	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	8	95	theme	neglected	1606:1614	arg1	disease					1551:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease	1520:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1520:1599	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	12	96	theme	Mass	2172:2175	arg1	proteomics					2196:2205	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics	2172:2205	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics	2172:2205	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	97	dep	potential	2414:2422	arg1	therapeutic					2424:2434	therapeutic	2424:2434	therapeutic	2424:2434	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	3	98	theme	high	691:694	arg1	LC-MS/MS					707:714	high resolution LC-MS/MS	691:714	high resolution LC-MS/MS	691:714	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	10	99	theme	attractive	1817:1826	arg1	Glycoproteins					1794:1806	Glycoproteins	1794:1806	Glycoproteins	1794:1806	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	10	99	theme	attractive	1817:1826	arg1	targets					1850:1856	very attractive therapeutic candidate targets	1812:1856	very attractive therapeutic candidate targets	1812:1856	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	7	100	theme	complex	1500:1506	arg1	cycle					1513:1517	its complex life cycle	1496:1517	its complex life cycle	1496:1517	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	12	101	theme	Chagas	2452:2457	arg1	disease					2459:2465	Chagas disease	2452:2465	Chagas disease	2452:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	8	102	theme	people	1650:1655	arg1	millions					1638:1645	millions	1638:1645	millions of people	1638:1655	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	6	103	from	heterogeneity	1044:1056	arg1	stages					1074:1079	the two life stages	1061:1079	the two life stages of T. cruzi	1061:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	1	104	theme	Trypanosoma	97:107	arg1	cruzi					109:113	Trypanosoma cruzi	97:113	Trypanosoma cruzi	97:113	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	1	104	theme	Trypanosoma	97:107	arg1	protozoan					120:128	the protozoan	116:128	the protozoan that causes Chagas disease	116:155	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	6	105	theme	glycopeptide	1116:1127	arg1	analysis					1129:1136	intact glycopeptide analysis	1109:1136	intact glycopeptide analysis	1109:1136	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	4	106	theme	sites	776:780	arg1	total					746:750	a total	744:750	a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs	744:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	7	107	gly	glycoproteins	1357:1369	arg1	glycoproteins					1357:1369	glycoproteins	1357:1369	glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle	1357:1517	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	4	108	from	sites	776:780	arg1	motifs					793:798	NxS/T/C motifs	785:798	NxS/T/C motifs	785:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	2	109	theme	immune	428:433	arg1	evasion					435:441	immune evasion	428:441	immune evasion	428:441	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	6	110	from	N-	1021:1022	arg1	stages					1074:1079	the two life stages	1061:1079	the two life stages of T. cruzi	1061:1091	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	10	111	theme	immune	1992:1997	arg1	evasion					1999:2005	immune evasion	1992:2005	immune evasion	1992:2005	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	4	112	theme	NxS/T/C	785:791	arg1	motifs					793:798	NxS/T/C motifs	785:798	NxS/T/C motifs	785:798	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	3	113	theme	comprehensive	459:471	arg1	analysis					488:495	comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis	459:495	comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis	459:495	In this study, comprehensive glycoprofiling analysis was performed in the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi using two glycopeptide enrichment strategies, lectin-based and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, followed by high resolution LC-MS/MS.
27318177	9	114	theme	efficient	1701:1709	arg1	drugs					1711:1715	efficient drugs	1701:1715	efficient drugs	1701:1715	The absence of efficient drugs and vaccines against Chagas disease stimulates the search for novel targets.
27318177	11	115	link	N-linked	2072:2079	arg1	glycoproteome					2094:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome	2068:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2068:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	6	116	link	O-linked	1190:1197	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	11	117	theme	depth	2042:2046	arg1	characterization					2048:2063	depth characterization	2042:2063	depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2042:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	0	118	theme	stages	68:73	arg1	glycoprofiling					14:27	Comprehensive glycoprofiling	0:27	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi	0:94	Comprehensive glycoprofiling of the epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of Trypanosoma cruzi.
27318177	6	119	theme	O-linked	1190:1197	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	11	120	link	O-linked	2085:2092	arg1	glycoproteome					2094:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome	2068:2106	the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2068:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	10	121	theme	therapeutic	1828:1838	arg1	Glycoproteins					1794:1806	Glycoproteins	1794:1806	Glycoproteins	1794:1806	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	10	121	theme	therapeutic	1828:1838	arg1	targets					1850:1856	very attractive therapeutic candidate targets	1812:1856	very attractive therapeutic candidate targets	1812:1856	Glycoproteins are very attractive therapeutic candidate targets since they mediate key processes in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	8	122	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1531:1542	arg1	disease					1616:1622	a neglected disease	1604:1622	a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America	1604:1683	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	8	122	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1531:1542	arg1	disease					1551:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease	1520:1557	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi	1520:1599	BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Chagas disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is a neglected disease which affects millions of people especially in Latin America.
27318177	11	123	theme	life	2124:2127	arg1	stages					2129:2134	two T. cruzi life stages	2111:2134	two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2111:2169	This study aimed to provide an in depth characterization of the N-linked and O-linked glycoproteome of two T. cruzi life stages: epimastigotes and trypomastigotes.
27318177	12	124	dep	valuable	2275:2282	arg1	understand					2294:2303	understand	2294:2303	to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes	2284:2380	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	12	124	dep	valuable	2275:2282	arg1	expand					2389:2394	expand	2389:2394	to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease	2386:2465	Mass spectrometry-based proteomics showed interesting stage-specific glycoproteome signatures that are valuable to better understand the importance of protein glycosylation in epimastigotes and trypomastigotes and to expand the repertoire of potential therapeutic targets against Chagas disease.
27318177	6	125	gly	glycopeptide	1116:1127	arg2	glycopeptide					1116:1127	intact glycopeptide analysis	1109:1136	intact glycopeptide analysis	1109:1136	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	6	126	link	N-linked	1164:1171	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	4	127	theme	T.	825:826	arg1	glycoproteins					834:846	690 T. cruzi glycoproteins	821:846	690 T. cruzi glycoproteins	821:846	Following deglycosylation, a total of 1306 N-glycosylation sites in NxS/T/C motifs were identified from 690 T. cruzi glycoproteins.
27318177	7	128	theme	glycoproteins	1357:1369	arg1	expression					1343:1352	the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression	1303:1352	the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle	1303:1517	Conclusively, this study documents the significant T. cruzi stage-specific expression of glycoproteins that can help to better understand the T. cruzi phenotype and response caused by the interaction with different hosts during its complex life cycle.
27318177	1	129	theme	distinct	224:231	arg1	stages					247:252	distinct developmental stages	224:252	distinct developmental stages	224:252	Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan that causes Chagas disease, has a complex life cycle involving insect and mammalian hosts and distinct developmental stages.
27318177	6	130	theme	N-linked	1164:1171	arg1	glycopeptides					1206:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides	1149:1218	Besides, global site-specific characterization of the N- and O-linked glycan heterogeneity in the two life stages of T. cruzi was achieved by intact glycopeptide analysis, revealing 144/466 unique N-linked and 10/97 unique O-linked intact glycopeptides in epimastigotes/trypomastigotes, respectively.
27318177	2	131	dep	cell	396:399	arg1	invasion					401:408	invasion	401:408	invasion	401:408	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
27318177	2	132	theme	cellular	369:376	arg1	recognition					378:388	cellular recognition	369:388	cellular recognition	369:388	During T. cruzi developmental stages, glycoproteins play important role in the host-parasite interaction, such as cellular recognition, host cell invasion and adhesion, and immune evasion.
29288741	2	0	theme	Fuel	630:633	arg1	Oil					635:637	the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180	613:645	the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180	613:645	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	3	1	theme	agents	983:988	arg1	concentrations					990:1003	agents concentrations	983:1003	agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	983:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	2	theme	micelle	1029:1035	arg1	concentration					1037:1049	their critical micelle concentration	1014:1049	their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	1014:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	8	3	theme	sustainable	1881:1891	arg1	alternative					1893:1903	an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative	1848:1903	an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands	1848:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	8	3	theme	sustainable	1881:1891	arg1	SL-1					1840:1843	SL-1	1840:1843	SL-1	1840:1843	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	4	4	from	effects	1127:1133	arg1	removal					1231:1237	hydrocarbons removal	1218:1237	hydrocarbons removal	1218:1237	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	1	5	theme	oil	196:198	arg1	spills					200:205	oil spills	196:205	oil spills	196:205	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	2	6	link	plant-derived	484:496	arg1	cleaners					498:505	plant-derived cleaners	484:505	plant-derived cleaners	484:505	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	8	7	theme	washing	1933:1939	arg1	treatments					1941:1950	washing treatments	1933:1950	washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands	1933:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	3	8	dep	those	798:802	arg1	attained					804:811	attained	804:811	attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	804:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	8	9	theme	lower	1755:1759	arg1	efficiencies					1826:1837	its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies	1751:1837	its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies	1751:1837	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	1	10	theme	synthetic	217:225	arg1	additives					227:235	synthetic additives	217:235	synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency	217:274	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	4	11	theme	ratio	1170:1174	arg1	effects					1127:1133	The effects	1123:1133	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal	1123:1237	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	3	12	theme	hydrocarbon	768:778	arg1	removals					780:787	hydrocarbon removals	768:787	hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	768:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	8	13	theme	fuel-contaminated	1963:1979	arg1	sands					1981:1985	marine fuel-contaminated sands	1956:1985	marine fuel-contaminated sands	1956:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	1	14	theme	rapid	122:126	arg1	Washing					109:115	Washing	109:115	Washing	109:115	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	1	14	theme	rapid	122:126	arg1	treatment					142:150	a rapid and effective treatment	120:150	a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills	120:205	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	5	15	from	levels	1358:1363	arg1	0.5-20 g/kg					1378:1388	the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1368:1388	the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1368:1388	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	4	16	theme	mixing	1177:1182	arg1	rate					1184:1187	mixing rate	1177:1187	mixing rate	1177:1187	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	8	17	theme	biodegradability	1778:1793	arg1	efficiencies					1826:1837	its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies	1751:1837	its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies	1751:1837	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	6	18	from	contamination	1597:1609	arg1	TX					1579:1580	TX	1579:1580	TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates	1579:1640	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	7	19	theme	water	1727:1731	arg1	volume					1717:1722	the volume	1713:1722	the volume of water used	1713:1736	SL-1 also outperformed TX when minimizing the water/sand ratio, i.e., the volume of water used.
29288741	4	20	theme	agent	1138:1142	arg1	concentration					1144:1156	agent concentration	1138:1156	agent concentration	1138:1156	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	8	21	theme	higher	1799:1804	arg1	removal					1818:1824	higher hydrocarbon removal	1799:1824	higher hydrocarbon removal	1799:1824	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	5	22	theme	surface	1420:1426	arg1	methodology					1428:1438	response surface methodology	1411:1438	response surface methodology	1411:1438	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	3	23	theme	Triton™	843:849	arg1	TX					858:859	TX	858:859	TX	858:859	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	23	theme	Triton™	843:849	arg1	X-100					851:855	the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100	818:855	the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX)	818:860	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	0	24	theme	fuel-contaminated	78:94	arg1	sands					102:106	marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	71:106	marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	71:106	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	8	25	theme	removal	1818:1824	arg1	efficiencies					1826:1837	its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies	1751:1837	its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies	1751:1837	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	1	26	theme	contaminated	165:176	arg1	sands					178:182	contaminated sands	165:182	contaminated sands impacted by oil spills	165:205	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	3	27	theme	preliminary	865:875	arg1	tests					885:889	preliminary washing tests	865:889	preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	865:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	4	28	theme	hydrocarbons	1218:1229	arg1	removal					1231:1237	hydrocarbons removal	1218:1237	hydrocarbons removal	1218:1237	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	3	29	theme	synthetic	822:830	arg1	TX					858:859	TX	858:859	TX	858:859	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	29	theme	synthetic	822:830	arg1	X-100					851:855	the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100	818:855	the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX)	818:860	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	30	theme	constant	906:913	arg1	rate					922:925	constant mixing rate	906:925	constant mixing rate	906:925	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	1	31	theme	effective	132:140	arg1	Washing					109:115	Washing	109:115	Washing	109:115	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	1	31	theme	effective	132:140	arg1	treatment					142:150	a rapid and effective treatment	120:150	a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills	120:205	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	5	32	theme	contamination	1344:1356	arg1	levels					1358:1363	sand contamination levels	1339:1363	sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1339:1388	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	2	33	theme	biogenic	408:415	arg1	agents					428:433	different biogenic mobilizing agents	398:433	different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids)	398:538	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	3	34	theme	non-microbial	1086:1098	arg1	agents					1100:1105	microbial and non-microbial agents	1072:1105	microbial and non-microbial agents	1072:1105	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	7	35	theme	water/sand	1689:1698	arg1	ratio					1700:1704	the water/sand ratio	1685:1704	the water/sand ratio	1685:1704	SL-1 also outperformed TX when minimizing the water/sand ratio, i.e., the volume of water used.
29288741	1	36	theme	additional	286:295	arg1	issues					307:312	additional pollution issues	286:312	additional pollution issues	286:312	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	3	37	theme	microbial	1072:1080	arg1	agents					1100:1105	microbial and non-microbial agents	1072:1105	microbial and non-microbial agents	1072:1105	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	6	38	theme	lower	1618:1622	arg1	rates					1636:1640	lower application rates	1618:1640	lower application rates	1618:1640	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	3	39	theme	water/sand	928:937	arg1	ratio					939:943	water/sand ratio	928:943	water/sand ratio	928:943	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	4	40	theme	contamination	1201:1213	arg1	effects					1127:1133	The effects	1123:1133	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal	1123:1237	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	5	41	theme	washing	1316:1322	arg1	parameters					1324:1333	Optimal washing parameters	1308:1333	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1308:1388	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	2	42	theme	soybean	436:442	arg1	lecithins					444:452	soybean lecithins	436:452	soybean lecithins	436:452	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	0	43	theme	washing	16:22	arg1	conditions					24:33	washing conditions	16:33	washing conditions	16:33	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	2	44	theme	plant-derived	484:496	arg1	cleaners					498:505	plant-derived cleaners	484:505	plant-derived cleaners	484:505	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	3	45	theme	de-oiled	663:670	arg1	lecithin					680:687	a de-oiled soybean lecithin	661:687	a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1)	661:694	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	45	theme	de-oiled	663:670	arg1	SL-1					690:693	SL-1	690:693	SL-1	690:693	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	2	46	dep	agents	428:433	arg1	lecithins					444:452	soybean lecithins	436:452	soybean lecithins	436:452	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	2	46	dep	agents	428:433	arg1	cyclodextrins					455:467	cyclodextrins	455:467	cyclodextrins	455:467	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	2	46	dep	agents	428:433	arg1	cleaners					498:505	plant-derived cleaners	484:505	plant-derived cleaners	484:505	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	2	46	dep	agents	428:433	arg1	rhamnolipids					508:519	rhamnolipids	508:519	rhamnolipids	508:519	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	2	46	dep	agents	428:433	arg1	acids					477:481	cholic acids	470:481	cholic acids	470:481	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	2	46	dep	agents	428:433	arg1	sophorolipids					525:537	sophorolipids	525:537	sophorolipids	525:537	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	3	47	theme	contamination	957:969	arg1	level					971:975	IFO-180 contamination level	949:975	IFO-180 contamination level	949:975	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	8	48	from	surfactants	1918:1928	arg1	treatments					1941:1950	washing treatments	1933:1950	washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands	1933:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	0	49	theme	mobilizing	49:58	arg1	agents					60:65	biogenic mobilizing agents	40:65	biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	40:106	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	1	50	theme	intrinsic	327:335	arg1	toxicity					337:344	their intrinsic toxicity	321:344	their intrinsic toxicity	321:344	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	0	51	with	Optimization	0:11	arg1	agents					60:65	biogenic mobilizing agents	40:65	biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	40:106	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	4	52	theme	central	1272:1278	arg1	design					1290:1295	face-centred central composite design	1259:1295	face-centred central composite design	1259:1295	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	5	53	theme	range	1372:1376	arg1	0.5-20 g/kg					1378:1388	the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1368:1388	the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1368:1388	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	6	54	theme	low	1493:1495	arg1	contaminations					1502:1515	low sand contaminations	1493:1515	low sand contaminations	1493:1515	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	1	55	theme	extraction	254:263	arg1	efficiency					265:274	extraction efficiency	254:274	extraction efficiency	254:274	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	2	56	theme	Intermediate	617:628	arg1	Oil					635:637	the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180	613:645	the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180	613:645	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	3	57	theme	critical	1020:1027	arg1	concentration					1037:1049	their critical micelle concentration	1014:1049	their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	1014:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	8	58	dep	lower	1755:1759	arg1	toxicity					1761:1768	toxicity	1761:1768	toxicity	1761:1768	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	8	59	theme	synthetic	1908:1916	arg1	surfactants					1918:1928	synthetic surfactants	1908:1928	synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands	1908:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	6	60	theme	hydrocarbon	1532:1542	arg1	removal					1544:1550	hydrocarbon removal	1532:1550	hydrocarbon removal	1532:1550	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	8	61	theme	marine	1956:1961	arg1	sands					1981:1985	marine fuel-contaminated sands	1956:1985	marine fuel-contaminated sands	1956:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	6	62	from	rates	1636:1640	arg1	TX					1579:1580	TX	1579:1580	TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates	1579:1640	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	8	63	theme	effective	1851:1859	arg1	alternative					1893:1903	an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative	1848:1903	an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands	1848:1985	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	8	63	theme	effective	1851:1859	arg1	SL-1					1840:1843	SL-1	1840:1843	SL-1	1840:1843	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	4	64	theme	rate	1184:1187	arg1	effects					1127:1133	The effects	1123:1133	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal	1123:1237	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	2	65	theme	beach	570:574	arg1	sands					576:580	beach sands	570:580	beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180	570:645	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	4	66	theme	concentration	1144:1156	arg1	effects					1127:1133	The effects	1123:1133	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal	1123:1237	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	0	67	theme	marine	71:76	arg1	sands					102:106	marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	71:106	marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	71:106	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	8	68	theme	higher	1771:1776	arg1	biodegradability					1778:1793	higher biodegradability	1771:1793	higher biodegradability	1771:1793	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	4	69	theme	water/sand	1159:1168	arg1	ratio					1170:1174	water/sand ratio	1159:1174	water/sand ratio	1159:1174	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	0	70	theme	beach	96:100	arg1	sands					102:106	marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	71:106	marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	71:106	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	3	71	theme	%	1062:1062	arg1	w/v					1064:1066	0.1% and 1% w/v	1052:1066	w/v	1064:1066	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	72	theme	soybean	672:678	arg1	lecithin					680:687	a de-oiled soybean lecithin	661:687	a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1)	661:694	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	72	theme	soybean	672:678	arg1	SL-1					690:693	SL-1	690:693	SL-1	690:693	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	1	73	theme	low	361:363	arg1	biodegradability					365:380	very often low biodegradability	350:380	very often low biodegradability	350:380	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	8	74	theme	hydrocarbon	1806:1816	arg1	removal					1818:1824	higher hydrocarbon removal	1799:1824	higher hydrocarbon removal	1799:1824	Considering its lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and higher hydrocarbon removal efficiencies, SL-1 is an effective and environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic surfactants in washing treatments for marine fuel-contaminated sands.
29288741	3	75	theme	washing	877:883	arg1	tests					885:889	preliminary washing tests	865:889	preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively)	865:1120	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	5	76	theme	sand	1339:1342	arg1	levels					1358:1363	sand contamination levels	1339:1363	sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1339:1388	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	3	77	theme	surfactant	832:841	arg1	TX					858:859	TX	858:859	TX	858:859	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	77	theme	surfactant	832:841	arg1	X-100					851:855	the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100	818:855	the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX)	818:860	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	78	theme	mixing	915:920	arg1	rate					922:925	constant mixing rate	906:925	constant mixing rate	906:925	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	4	79	theme	IFO-180	1193:1199	arg1	contamination					1201:1213	IFO-180 contamination	1193:1213	IFO-180 contamination	1193:1213	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	2	80	theme	different	398:406	arg1	agents					428:433	different biogenic mobilizing agents	398:433	different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids)	398:538	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	6	81	theme	application	1624:1634	arg1	rates					1636:1640	lower application rates	1618:1640	lower application rates	1618:1640	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	7	82	dep	volume	1717:1722	arg1	i.e.					1707:1710	i.e.	1707:1710	i.e.	1707:1710	SL-1 also outperformed TX when minimizing the water/sand ratio, i.e., the volume of water used.
29288741	5	83	theme	Optimal	1308:1314	arg1	parameters					1324:1333	Optimal washing parameters	1308:1333	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg	1308:1388	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	0	84	theme	conditions	24:33	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.	0:107	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	1	85	theme	pollution	297:305	arg1	issues					307:312	additional pollution issues	286:312	additional pollution issues	286:312	Washing is a rapid and effective treatment to remediate contaminated sands impacted by oil spills, although synthetic additives used to increase extraction efficiency may cause additional pollution issues due to their intrinsic toxicity and very often low biodegradability.
29288741	0	86	theme	biogenic	40:47	arg1	agents					60:65	biogenic mobilizing agents	40:65	biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands	40:106	Optimization of washing conditions with biogenic mobilizing agents for marine fuel-contaminated beach sands.
29288741	2	87	theme	mobilizing	417:426	arg1	agents					428:433	different biogenic mobilizing agents	398:433	different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids)	398:538	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	2	88	theme	cholic	470:475	arg1	acids					477:481	cholic acids	470:481	cholic acids	470:481	In this study, different biogenic mobilizing agents (soybean lecithins, cyclodextrins, cholic acids, plant-derived cleaners, rhamnolipids and sophorolipids) were tested in the washing of beach sands artificially contaminated with the Intermediate Fuel Oil IFO-180.
29288741	4	89	theme	face-centred	1259:1270	arg1	design					1290:1295	face-centred central composite design	1259:1295	face-centred central composite design	1259:1295	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	5	90	theme	response	1411:1418	arg1	methodology					1428:1438	response surface methodology	1411:1438	response surface methodology	1411:1438	Optimal washing parameters for sand contamination levels in the range 0.5-20 g/kg were identified with response surface methodology.
29288741	3	91	theme	IFO-180	949:955	arg1	contamination					957:969	contamination	957:969	contamination	957:969	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	4	92	theme	composite	1280:1288	arg1	design					1290:1295	face-centred central composite design	1259:1295	face-centred central composite design	1259:1295	The effects of agent concentration, water/sand ratio, mixing rate and IFO-180 contamination on hydrocarbons removal were modelled using face-centred central composite design and ANOVA.
29288741	6	93	theme	sand	1497:1500	arg1	contaminations					1502:1515	low sand contaminations	1493:1515	low sand contaminations	1493:1515	While HPB-CD and SR performed equally to TX only at low sand contaminations, SL-1 attained hydrocarbon removal higher or equal to that of TX at any IFO-180 contamination and at lower application rates.
29288741	3	94	dep	concentration	1037:1049	arg1	w/v					1064:1066	0.1% and 1% w/v	1052:1066	w/v	1064:1066	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
29288741	3	94	dep	concentration	1037:1049	arg1	%					1055:1055	0.1% and 1% w/v	1052:1066	%	1055:1055	Among these, a de-oiled soybean lecithin (SL-1), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins (HPB-CD) and sophorolipids (SR) achieved hydrocarbon removals close to those attained with the synthetic surfactant Triton™ X-100 (TX) in preliminary washing tests carried out at constant mixing rate, water/sand ratio and IFO-180 contamination level using agents concentrations close to their critical micelle concentration (0.1% and 1% w/v for microbial and non-microbial agents, respectively).
23847006	5	0	theme	silicon	592:598	arg1	ion					600:602	silicon ion releasing	592:612	silicon ion releasing	592:612	In addition, silicon ion releasing was detected in BG/ALG beads.
23847006	8	1	theme	BG/ALG	939:944	arg1	beads					946:950	BG/ALG beads	939:950	BG/ALG beads	939:950	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	4	2	theme	releasing	532:540	arg1	behavior					542:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	Results showed that the BG/ALG beads revealed similar calcium ion releasing behavior as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	11	3	theme	bone	1367:1370	arg1	cells					1380:1384	bone forming cells	1367:1384	bone forming cells	1367:1384	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	1	4	theme	cells	154:158	arg1	kind					146:149	particular kind	135:149	particular kind of cells	135:158	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	4	5	theme	ion	528:530	arg1	behavior					542:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	Results showed that the BG/ALG beads revealed similar calcium ion releasing behavior as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	11	6	theme	useful	1393:1398	arg1	tools					1400:1404	useful tools	1393:1404	useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications	1393:1462	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	5	7	theme	releasing	604:612	arg1	ion					600:602	silicon ion releasing	592:612	silicon ion releasing	592:612	In addition, silicon ion releasing was detected in BG/ALG beads.
23847006	9	8	theme	hydrogel	1146:1153	arg1	beads					1155:1159	hydrogel beads	1146:1159	hydrogel beads	1146:1159	Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells were successfully encapsulated in hydrogel beads.
23847006	8	9	theme	osteogenic	985:994	arg1	differentiation					996:1010	osteogenic differentiation	985:1010	osteogenic differentiation	985:1010	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	10	10	theme	osteogenic	1222:1231	arg1	differentiation					1233:1247	stimulated osteogenic differentiation	1211:1247	stimulated osteogenic differentiation	1211:1247	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	6	11	theme	ALG	655:657	arg1	beads					659:663	BG/ALG and ALG beads	644:663	BG/ALG and ALG beads	644:663	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	10	12	theme	BG/ALG	1162:1167	arg1	beads					1169:1173	BG/ALG beads	1162:1173	BG/ALG beads	1162:1173	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	11	13	theme	regeneration	1415:1426	arg1	applications					1451:1462	bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications	1410:1462	bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications	1410:1462	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	9	14	theme	MC3T3-E1	1097:1104	arg1	cells					1106:1110	MC3T3-E1 cells	1097:1110	MC3T3-E1 cells	1097:1110	Furthermore, MC3T3-E1 cells were successfully encapsulated in hydrogel beads.
23847006	10	15	theme	cells	1278:1282	arg1	differentiation					1233:1247	stimulated osteogenic differentiation	1211:1247	stimulated osteogenic differentiation	1211:1247	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	10	15	theme	cells	1278:1282	arg1	proliferation					1193:1205	cell proliferation	1188:1205	cell proliferation	1188:1205	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	2	16	theme	cell	343:346	arg1	beads					334:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	2	16	theme	cell	343:346	arg1	carriers					348:355	cell carriers	343:355	cell carriers	343:355	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	6	17	theme	apatite	733:739	arg1	deposition					741:750	apatite deposition	733:750	apatite deposition	733:750	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	2	18	theme	45S5	242:245	arg1	BG					257:258	BG	257:258	BG	257:258	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	2	18	theme	45S5	242:245	arg1	bioglass					247:254	45S5 bioglass	242:254	45S5 bioglass (BG)	242:259	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	6	19	theme	BG/ALG	644:649	arg1	beads					659:663	BG/ALG and ALG beads	644:663	BG/ALG and ALG beads	644:663	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	3	20	theme	dimensional	387:397	arg1	stability					399:407	dimensional stability	387:407	dimensional stability	387:407	The ions releasing behavior, dimensional stability and in vitro bioactivity of the beads were investigated.
23847006	0	21	theme	composite	18:26	arg1	beads					37:41	composite hydrogel beads	18:41	composite hydrogel beads	18:41	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	0	21	theme	composite	18:26	arg1	carriers					51:58	cell carriers	46:58	cell carriers for bone regeneration	46:80	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	8	22	theme	stem	1027:1030	arg1	cells					1032:1036	mesenchymal stem cells	1015:1036	mesenchymal stem cells	1015:1036	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	7	23	theme	cell	871:874	arg1	behavior					876:883	cell behavior	871:883	cell behavior	871:883	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	10	24	dep	proliferation	1193:1205	arg1	the					1184:1186	the	1184:1186	the	1184:1186	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	7	25	from	beads	862:866	arg1	effects					824:830	the effects	820:830	the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior	820:883	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	7	25	from	beads	862:866	arg1	extracts					839:846	ion extracts	835:846	ion extracts from hydrogel beads	835:866	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	1	26	theme	specific	165:172	arg1	site					174:177	a specific site	163:177	a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration	163:217	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	11	27	theme	BG/ALG	1323:1328	arg1	beads					1349:1353	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	1323:1353	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells	1323:1384	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	11	28	theme	engineering	1439:1449	arg1	applications					1451:1462	bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications	1410:1462	bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications	1410:1462	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	8	29	theme	mesenchymal	1015:1025	arg1	cells					1032:1036	mesenchymal stem cells	1015:1036	mesenchymal stem cells	1015:1036	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	7	30	theme	hydrogel	853:860	arg1	beads					862:866	hydrogel beads	853:866	hydrogel beads	853:866	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	7	31	from	effects	824:830	arg1	beads					862:866	hydrogel beads	853:866	hydrogel beads	853:866	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	7	31	from	effects	824:830	arg1	behavior					876:883	cell behavior	871:883	cell behavior	871:883	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	2	32	theme	hydrogel	325:332	arg1	beads					334:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	2	32	theme	hydrogel	325:332	arg1	carriers					348:355	cell carriers	343:355	cell carriers	343:355	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	2	33	theme	current	227:233	arg1	study					235:239	the current study	223:239	the current study	223:239	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	8	34	theme	beads	946:950	arg1	extracts					927:934	extracts	927:934	extracts of BG/ALG beads	927:950	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	5	35	located	detected	618:625	arg1	addition					582:589	addition	582:589	addition	582:589	In addition, silicon ion releasing was detected in BG/ALG beads.
23847006	5	35	located	detected	618:625	arg2	ion					600:602	silicon ion releasing	592:612	silicon ion releasing	592:612	In addition, silicon ion releasing was detected in BG/ALG beads.
23847006	5	35	located	detected	618:625	arg1	beads					637:641	BG/ALG beads	630:641	BG/ALG beads	630:641	In addition, silicon ion releasing was detected in BG/ALG beads.
23847006	3	36	theme	in	413:414	arg1	bioactivity					422:432	in vitro bioactivity	413:432	in vitro bioactivity	413:432	The ions releasing behavior, dimensional stability and in vitro bioactivity of the beads were investigated.
23847006	0	37	theme	hydrogel	28:35	arg1	beads					37:41	composite hydrogel beads	18:41	composite hydrogel beads	18:41	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	0	37	theme	hydrogel	28:35	arg1	carriers					51:58	cell carriers	46:58	cell carriers for bone regeneration	46:80	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	4	38	theme	calcium	520:526	arg1	behavior					542:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	Results showed that the BG/ALG beads revealed similar calcium ion releasing behavior as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	8	39	theme	cells	1032:1036	arg1	angiogenesis					1049:1060	angiogenesis	1049:1060	proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells	967:1081	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	8	39	theme	cells	1032:1036	arg1	proliferation					967:979	proliferation	967:979	proliferation	967:979	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	8	39	theme	cells	1032:1036	arg1	differentiation					996:1010	osteogenic differentiation	985:1010	osteogenic differentiation	985:1010	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	1	40	theme	useful	101:106	arg1	tool					119:122	a useful biomedical tool	99:122	a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration	99:217	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	1	40	theme	useful	101:106	arg1	carrier					88:94	Cell carrier	83:94	Cell carrier	83:94	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	11	41	theme	tissue	1432:1437	arg1	engineering					1439:1449	tissue engineering	1432:1449	tissue engineering	1432:1449	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	1	42	theme	cell	183:186	arg1	therapy					188:194	cell therapy	183:194	cell therapy	183:194	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	0	43	theme	cell	46:49	arg1	beads					37:41	composite hydrogel beads	18:41	composite hydrogel beads	18:41	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	0	43	theme	cell	46:49	arg1	carriers					51:58	cell carriers	46:58	cell carriers for bone regeneration	46:80	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	4	44	theme	similar	512:518	arg1	behavior					542:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	similar calcium ion releasing behavior	512:549	Results showed that the BG/ALG beads revealed similar calcium ion releasing behavior as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	10	45	theme	cell	1188:1191	arg1	proliferation					1193:1205	cell proliferation	1188:1205	cell proliferation	1188:1205	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	10	46	theme	stimulated	1211:1220	arg1	differentiation					1233:1247	stimulated osteogenic differentiation	1211:1247	stimulated osteogenic differentiation	1211:1247	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	6	47	theme	body	802:805	arg1	fluid					807:811	stimulated body fluid	791:811	stimulated body fluid	791:811	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	6	48	theme	BG/ALG	707:712	arg1	beads					714:718	BG/ALG beads	707:718	BG/ALG beads	707:718	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	11	49	theme	composite	1330:1338	arg1	beads					1349:1353	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	1323:1353	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells	1323:1384	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	6	50	theme	stimulated	791:800	arg1	fluid					807:811	stimulated body fluid	791:811	stimulated body fluid	791:811	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	8	51	theme	cells	1077:1081	arg1	angiogenesis					1049:1060	angiogenesis	1049:1060	proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells	967:1081	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	8	51	theme	cells	1077:1081	arg1	proliferation					967:979	proliferation	967:979	proliferation	967:979	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	8	51	theme	cells	1077:1081	arg1	differentiation					996:1010	osteogenic differentiation	985:1010	osteogenic differentiation	985:1010	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	1	52	theme	biomedical	108:117	arg1	tool					119:122	a useful biomedical tool	99:122	a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration	99:217	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	1	52	theme	biomedical	108:117	arg1	carrier					88:94	Cell carrier	83:94	Cell carrier	83:94	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	11	53	theme	hydrogel	1340:1347	arg1	beads					1349:1353	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	1323:1353	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells	1323:1384	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	4	54	theme	BG/ALG	490:495	arg1	beads					497:501	the BG/ALG beads	486:501	the BG/ALG beads	486:501	Results showed that the BG/ALG beads revealed similar calcium ion releasing behavior as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	11	55	theme	bone	1410:1413	arg1	regeneration					1415:1426	bone regeneration	1410:1426	bone regeneration	1410:1426	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	3	56	theme	beads	441:445	arg1	bioactivity					422:432	in vitro bioactivity	413:432	in vitro bioactivity	413:432	The ions releasing behavior, dimensional stability and in vitro bioactivity of the beads were investigated.
23847006	3	56	theme	beads	441:445	arg1	behavior					377:384	behavior	377:384	behavior	377:384	The ions releasing behavior, dimensional stability and in vitro bioactivity of the beads were investigated.
23847006	3	56	theme	beads	441:445	arg1	stability					399:407	dimensional stability	387:407	dimensional stability	387:407	The ions releasing behavior, dimensional stability and in vitro bioactivity of the beads were investigated.
23847006	7	57	theme	extracts	839:846	arg1	effects					824:830	the effects	820:830	the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior	820:883	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	5	58	theme	BG/ALG	630:635	arg1	beads					637:641	BG/ALG beads	630:641	BG/ALG beads	630:641	In addition, silicon ion releasing was detected in BG/ALG beads.
23847006	1	59	theme	particular	135:144	arg1	kind					146:149	particular kind	135:149	particular kind of cells	135:158	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	8	60	theme	endothelial	1065:1075	arg1	cells					1077:1081	endothelial cells	1065:1081	endothelial cells	1065:1081	Results confirmed that extracts of BG/ALG beads could simulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as angiogenesis of endothelial cells.
23847006	1	61	theme	tissue	199:204	arg1	regeneration					206:217	tissue regeneration	199:217	tissue regeneration	199:217	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	1	62	theme	Cell	83:86	arg1	tool					119:122	a useful biomedical tool	99:122	a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration	99:217	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	1	62	theme	Cell	83:86	arg1	carrier					88:94	Cell carrier	83:94	Cell carrier	83:94	Cell carrier is a useful biomedical tool to deliver particular kind of cells to a specific site for cell therapy or tissue regeneration.
23847006	10	63	theme	encapsulated	1256:1267	arg1	cells					1278:1282	the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells	1252:1282	the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells	1252:1282	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	6	64	theme	dimensional	680:690	arg1	stability					692:700	similar dimensional stability	672:700	similar dimensional stability	672:700	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	10	65	theme	ALG	1301:1303	arg1	beads					1305:1309	ALG beads	1301:1309	ALG beads	1301:1309	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	10	66	theme	MC3T3-E1	1269:1276	arg1	cells					1278:1282	the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells	1252:1282	the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells	1252:1282	BG/ALG beads enhanced the cell proliferation and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of the encapsulated MC3T3-E1 cells as compared with ALG beads.
23847006	11	67	theme	forming	1372:1378	arg1	cells					1380:1384	bone forming cells	1367:1384	bone forming cells	1367:1384	Therefore, BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads loaded with bone forming cells may be useful tools for bone regeneration and tissue engineering applications.
23847006	3	68	dep	in	413:414	arg1	vitro					416:420	vitro	416:420	vitro	416:420	The ions releasing behavior, dimensional stability and in vitro bioactivity of the beads were investigated.
23847006	6	69	theme	similar	672:678	arg1	stability					692:700	similar dimensional stability	672:700	similar dimensional stability	672:700	BG/ALG and ALG beads shared similar dimensional stability, and BG/ALG beads could induce apatite deposition on their surface after being soaked in stimulated body fluid.
23847006	2	70	theme	composite	315:323	arg1	beads					334:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	2	70	theme	composite	315:323	arg1	carriers					348:355	cell carriers	343:355	cell carriers	343:355	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	7	71	theme	ion	835:837	arg1	extracts					839:846	ion extracts	835:846	ion extracts from hydrogel beads	835:866	Then, the effects of ion extracts from hydrogel beads on cell behavior were investigated.
23847006	0	72	theme	bone	64:67	arg1	regeneration					69:80	bone regeneration	64:80	bone regeneration	64:80	Bioglass/alginate composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers for bone regeneration.
23847006	2	73	theme	BG/ALG	308:313	arg1	beads					334:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads	308:338	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	2	73	theme	BG/ALG	308:313	arg1	carriers					348:355	cell carriers	343:355	cell carriers	343:355	In the current study, 45S5 bioglass (BG) was introduced into alginate (ALG) to generate BG/ALG composite hydrogel beads as cell carriers.
23847006	4	74	theme	ALG	568:570	arg1	beads					572:576	ALG beads	568:576	ALG beads	568:576	Results showed that the BG/ALG beads revealed similar calcium ion releasing behavior as compared with ALG beads.
26573895	0	0	theme	β-cyclodextrin-modified	92:114	arg1	composite					128:136	a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	90:136	a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent	90:147	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	0	1	from	extraction	29:38	arg1	samples					77:83	honey samples	71:83	honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent	71:147	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	5	2	from	honey	852:856	arg1	recoveries					778:787	The recoveries	774:787	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey	774:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	6	3	from	recoveries	1196:1205	arg1	samples					1222:1228	vitex honey samples	1210:1228	vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%	1210:1283	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	1	4	theme	insecticides	310:321	arg1	determination					281:293	the determination	277:293	the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples	277:338	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	6	5	theme	selected	1037:1044	arg1	insecticides					1058:1069	the selected benzoylurea insecticides	1033:1069	the selected benzoylurea insecticides	1033:1069	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	8	6	theme	residues	1527:1534	arg1	determination					1466:1478	the determination	1462:1478	the determination of relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1462:1534	The results confirmed the possibility of using cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite in the determination of relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues.
26573895	5	7	dep	%	908:908	arg1	to					901:902	to	901:902	to	901:902	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	8	8	theme	cyclodextrin-modified	1424:1444	arg1	palygorskite					1446:1457	cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite	1424:1457	cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite	1424:1457	The results confirmed the possibility of using cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite in the determination of relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues.
26573895	2	9	theme	column	559:564	arg1	procedures					566:575	batch and column procedures	549:575	procedures	566:575	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	6	10	dep	chlorfluazuron	1163:1176	arg1	recoveries					1196:1205	recoveries	1196:1205	recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%	1196:1283	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	1	11	theme	honey	326:330	arg1	samples					332:338	honey samples	326:338	honey samples	326:338	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	0	12	theme	attapulgite	116:126	arg1	composite					128:136	a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	90:136	a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent	90:147	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	3	13	theme	optimized	584:592	arg1	conditions					594:603	optimized conditions	584:603	optimized conditions	584:603	Under optimized conditions, good linearity was obtained for all of the tested compounds, with R(2) values of at least 0.9834.
26573895	2	14	dep	type	410:413	arg1	the					406:408	the	406:408	the	406:408	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	6	15	theme	attapulgite	962:972	arg1	composite					974:982	the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	934:982	the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	934:982	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	2	16	theme	batch	549:553	arg1	procedures					566:575	batch and column procedures	549:575	procedures	566:575	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	5	17	from	insecticides	813:824	arg1	honey					835:839	vitex honey	829:839	vitex honey	829:839	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	5	17	from	insecticides	813:824	arg1	honey					852:856	acacia honey	845:856	acacia honey	845:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	5	18	theme	vitex	829:833	arg1	honey					835:839	vitex honey	829:839	vitex honey	829:839	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	0	19	with	samples	77:83	arg1	composite					128:136	a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	90:136	a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent	90:147	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	4	20	theme	μg/L	768:771	arg1	range					751:755	the range	747:755	the range of 0.2-1.0 μg/L	747:771	The limits of detection were determined in the range of 0.2-1.0 μg/L.
26573895	5	21	theme	acacia	845:850	arg1	honey					852:856	acacia honey	845:856	acacia honey	845:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	2	22	theme	extraction	472:481	arg1	time					483:486	the extraction time	468:486	the extraction time	468:486	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	2	22	theme	extraction	472:481	arg1	sorbent					459:465	sorbent	459:465	sorbent	459:465	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	0	23	theme	micro-solid-phase	11:27	arg1	extraction					29:38	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction	0:38	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.	0:148	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	6	24	dep	%	1254:1254	arg1	to					1247:1248	to	1247:1248	to	1247:1248	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	3	25	theme	good	606:609	arg1	linearity					611:619	good linearity	606:619	good linearity	606:619	Under optimized conditions, good linearity was obtained for all of the tested compounds, with R(2) values of at least 0.9834.
26573895	2	26	theme	eluent	433:438	arg1	volume					419:424	volume	419:424	volume	419:424	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	2	26	theme	eluent	433:438	arg1	type					410:413	type	410:413	type	410:413	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	0	27	theme	Dispersive	0:9	arg1	extraction					29:38	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction	0:38	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.	0:148	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	6	28	theme	β-cyclodextrin-modified	938:960	arg1	composite					974:982	the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	934:982	the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	934:982	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	2	29	theme	extraction	375:384	arg1	efficiency					386:395	the extraction efficiency	371:395	the extraction efficiency	371:395	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	7	30	theme	insecticides	1332:1343	arg1	related					1348:1354	related	1348:1354	related	1348:1354	It seemed that the logPow of the benzoylurea insecticides is related to their recoveries.
26573895	7	30	theme	insecticides	1332:1343	arg1	logPow					1306:1311	the logPow	1302:1311	the logPow of the benzoylurea insecticides	1302:1343	It seemed that the logPow of the benzoylurea insecticides is related to their recoveries.
26573895	1	31	theme	dispersive	225:234	arg1	sorbent					265:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	1	31	theme	dispersive	225:234	arg1	composite					188:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	5	32	theme	benzoylurea	801:811	arg1	insecticides					813:824	the four benzoylurea insecticides	792:824	the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey	792:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	8	33	theme	trace	1506:1510	arg1	residues					1527:1534	relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1483:1534	relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1483:1534	The results confirmed the possibility of using cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite in the determination of relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues.
26573895	1	34	theme	micro-solid-phase	236:252	arg1	sorbent					265:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	1	34	theme	micro-solid-phase	236:252	arg1	composite					188:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	5	35	theme	insecticides	813:824	arg1	recoveries					778:787	The recoveries	774:787	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey	774:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	1	36	from	samples	332:338	arg1	determination					281:293	the determination	277:293	the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples	277:338	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	3	37	theme	R	672:672	arg1	values					677:682	R(2) values	672:682	R(2) values of at least 0.9834	672:701	Under optimized conditions, good linearity was obtained for all of the tested compounds, with R(2) values of at least 0.9834.
26573895	1	38	theme	extraction	254:263	arg1	sorbent					265:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	1	38	theme	extraction	254:263	arg1	composite					188:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	0	39	theme	insecticides	55:66	arg1	extraction					29:38	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction	0:38	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.	0:148	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	1	40	from	insecticides	310:321	arg1	samples					332:338	honey samples	326:338	honey samples	326:338	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	6	41	theme	benzoylurea	1046:1056	arg1	insecticides					1058:1069	the selected benzoylurea insecticides	1033:1069	the selected benzoylurea insecticides	1033:1069	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	0	42	theme	benzoylurea	43:53	arg1	insecticides					55:66	benzoylurea insecticides	43:66	benzoylurea insecticides	43:66	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	2	43	theme	ionic	496:500	arg1	sorbent					459:465	sorbent	459:465	sorbent	459:465	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	2	43	theme	ionic	496:500	arg1	strength					502:509	the ionic strength	492:509	the ionic strength	492:509	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	5	44	from	honey	835:839	arg1	recoveries					778:787	The recoveries	774:787	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey	774:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	6	45	theme	%	1283:1283	arg1	precision					1263:1271	a precision	1261:1271	a precision of 1.0-3.7%	1261:1283	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	0	46	theme	honey	71:75	arg1	samples					77:83	honey samples	71:83	honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent	71:147	Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples with a β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite as sorbent.
26573895	7	47	theme	benzoylurea	1320:1330	arg1	insecticides					1332:1343	the benzoylurea insecticides	1316:1343	the benzoylurea insecticides	1316:1343	It seemed that the logPow of the benzoylurea insecticides is related to their recoveries.
26573895	8	48	theme	hydrophobic	1494:1504	arg1	residues					1527:1534	relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1483:1534	relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1483:1534	The results confirmed the possibility of using cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite in the determination of relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues.
26573895	5	49	dep	%	885:885	arg1	to					878:879	to	878:879	to	878:879	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	6	50	theme	hydrophobic	1132:1142	arg1	compounds					1144:1152	relatively hydrophobic compounds	1121:1152	relatively hydrophobic compounds	1121:1152	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	6	50	theme	hydrophobic	1132:1142	arg1	hexaflumuron					1182:1193	hexaflumuron	1182:1193	hexaflumuron	1182:1193	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	6	50	theme	hydrophobic	1132:1142	arg1	chlorfluazuron					1163:1176	chlorfluazuron	1163:1176	chlorfluazuron	1163:1176	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	8	51	theme	pharmaceutical	1512:1525	arg1	residues					1527:1534	relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1483:1534	relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues	1483:1534	The results confirmed the possibility of using cyclodextrin-modified palygorskite in the determination of relatively hydrophobic trace pharmaceutical residues.
26573895	5	52	from	recoveries	778:787	arg1	honey					835:839	vitex honey	829:839	vitex honey	829:839	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	5	52	from	recoveries	778:787	arg1	honey					852:856	acacia honey	845:856	acacia honey	845:856	The recoveries of the four benzoylurea insecticides in vitex honey and acacia honey increased from 15.2 to 81.4% and from 14.2 to 82.0%, respectively.
26573895	6	53	theme	honey	1216:1220	arg1	samples					1222:1228	vitex honey samples	1210:1228	vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%	1210:1283	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	3	54	theme	tested	649:654	arg1	compounds					656:664	the tested compounds	645:664	the tested compounds	645:664	Under optimized conditions, good linearity was obtained for all of the tested compounds, with R(2) values of at least 0.9834.
26573895	6	55	theme	brilliant	999:1007	arg1	capacity					1020:1027	a brilliant adsorption capacity	997:1027	a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides	997:1069	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	1	56	theme	β-cyclodextrin-modified	152:174	arg1	sorbent					265:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	1	56	theme	β-cyclodextrin-modified	152:174	arg1	composite					188:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	6	57	theme	adsorption	1009:1018	arg1	capacity					1020:1027	a brilliant adsorption capacity	997:1027	a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides	997:1069	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	1	58	from	determination	281:293	arg1	samples					332:338	honey samples	326:338	honey samples	326:338	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	6	59	theme	vitex	1210:1214	arg1	samples					1222:1228	vitex honey samples	1210:1228	vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%	1210:1283	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	1	60	theme	attapulgite	176:186	arg1	sorbent					265:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	1	60	theme	attapulgite	176:186	arg1	composite					188:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	4	61	theme	detection	718:726	arg1	limits					708:713	The limits	704:713	The limits of detection	704:726	The limits of detection were determined in the range of 0.2-1.0 μg/L.
26573895	2	62	theme	sorbent	459:465	arg1	strength					502:509	the ionic strength	492:509	the ionic strength	492:509	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	2	62	theme	sorbent	459:465	arg1	time					483:486	the extraction time	468:486	the extraction time	468:486	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	2	62	theme	sorbent	459:465	arg1	amount					445:450	the amount	441:450	the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength	441:509	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	2	62	theme	sorbent	459:465	arg1	sorbent					459:465	sorbent	459:465	sorbent	459:465	Parameters that may influence the extraction efficiency, such as the type and volume of the eluent, the amount of the sorbent, the extraction time and the ionic strength were investigated and optimized using batch and column procedures.
26573895	6	63	theme	adsorption	1094:1103	arg1	capacity					1105:1112	a higher adsorption capacity	1085:1112	a higher adsorption capacity	1085:1112	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	3	64	theme	0.9834	696:701	arg1	values					677:682	R(2) values	672:682	R(2) values of at least 0.9834	672:701	Under optimized conditions, good linearity was obtained for all of the tested compounds, with R(2) values of at least 0.9834.
26573895	1	65	used	used	215:218	arg2	sorbent					265:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent	223:271	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	1	65	used	used	215:218	arg2	composite					188:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite	150:196	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
26573895	6	66	theme	higher	1087:1092	arg1	capacity					1105:1112	a higher adsorption capacity	1085:1112	a higher adsorption capacity	1085:1112	Although the β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite did not show a brilliant adsorption capacity for the selected benzoylurea insecticides, it exhibited a higher adsorption capacity toward relatively hydrophobic compounds, such as chlorfluazuron and hexaflumuron (recoveries in vitex honey samples ranged from 70.0 to 81.4% with a precision of 1.0-3.7%).
26573895	1	67	theme	benzoylurea	298:308	arg1	insecticides					310:321	benzoylurea insecticides	298:321	benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples	298:338	A β-cyclodextrin-modified attapulgite composite was prepared and used as a dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction sorbent for the determination of benzoylurea insecticides in honey samples.
28501181	3	0	theme	chitosan	625:632	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	0	theme	chitosan	625:632	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	spectroscopy					743:754	X-ray diffraction spectroscopy	725:754	X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD)	725:760	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	Fourier					763:769	Fourier	763:769	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	763:808	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	voltammetry					818:828	cyclic voltammetry	811:828	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	811:833	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	CV					831:832	CV	831:832	CV	831:832	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	microscope					707:716	Scanning electron microscope	689:716	Scanning electron microscope (SEM)	689:722	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	spectrum					865:872	electrochemical impedance spectrum	839:872	electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS)	839:878	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	XRD					757:759	XRD	757:759	XRD	757:759	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	SEM					719:721	SEM	719:721	SEM	719:721	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	1	used	used	885:888	arg2	EIS					875:877	EIS	875:877	EIS	875:877	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	7	2	theme	obtained	1290:1297	arg1	limits					1309:1314	The obtained detection limits	1286:1314	The obtained detection limits for baicalein and baicalin	1286:1341	The obtained detection limits for baicalein and baicalin were of 0.05 and 0.03μM (S/N=3), respectively.
28501181	1	3	theme	years	314:318	arg1	thousands					301:309	more than two thousands	287:309	more than two thousands of years	287:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	8	4	theme	process	1550:1556	arg1	analysis					1558:1565	hydrolysis process analysis	1539:1565	hydrolysis process analysis	1539:1565	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	4	5	theme	cyclic	811:816	arg1	voltammetry					818:828	cyclic voltammetry	811:828	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	811:833	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	5	theme	cyclic	811:816	arg1	CV					831:832	CV	831:832	CV	831:832	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	8	6	theme	proposed	1407:1414	arg1	sensor					1416:1421	the proposed sensor	1403:1421	the proposed sensor	1403:1421	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	8	7	theme	hydrolysis	1539:1548	arg1	analysis					1558:1565	hydrolysis process analysis	1539:1565	hydrolysis process analysis	1539:1565	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	5	8	theme	electrochemical	985:999	arg1	behaviors					1001:1009	electrochemical behaviors	985:1009	electrochemical behaviors	985:1009	The electrochemical behaviors and redox mechanisms of two analytes were investigated at the target electrode.
28501181	5	9	theme	analytes	1039:1046	arg1	behaviors					1001:1009	electrochemical behaviors	985:1009	electrochemical behaviors	985:1009	The electrochemical behaviors and redox mechanisms of two analytes were investigated at the target electrode.
28501181	5	9	theme	analytes	1039:1046	arg1	mechanisms					1021:1030	redox mechanisms	1015:1030	redox mechanisms	1015:1030	The electrochemical behaviors and redox mechanisms of two analytes were investigated at the target electrode.
28501181	6	10	theme	baicalin	1190:1197	arg1	determination					1159:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination	1121:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin	1121:1197	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	3	11	theme	novel	481:485	arg1	method					525:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	12	theme	paste	650:654	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	12	theme	paste	650:654	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	6	13	theme	0.08-8.0μM	1257:1266	arg1	range					1248:1252	a linear response range	1230:1252	a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them	1230:1283	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	0	14	theme	@	108:108	arg1	composite					113:121	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite	97:121	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite	97:121	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	6	15	theme	baicalein	1176:1184	arg1	determination					1159:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination	1121:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin	1121:1197	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	4	16	theme	electron	698:705	arg1	SEM					719:721	SEM	719:721	SEM	719:721	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	16	theme	electron	698:705	arg1	microscope					707:716	Scanning electron microscope	689:716	Scanning electron microscope (SEM)	689:722	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	1	17	theme	major	155:159	arg1	baicalin					138:145	baicalin	138:145	baicalin	138:145	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	17	theme	major	155:159	arg1	Baicalein					124:132	Baicalein	124:132	Baicalein	124:132	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	17	theme	major	155:159	arg1	flavonoids					161:170	the major flavonoids	151:170	the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years	151:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	0	18	theme	Ta2O5-Nb2O5	97:107	arg1	composite					113:121	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite	97:121	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite	97:121	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	3	19	theme	modified	634:641	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	19	theme	modified	634:641	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	4	20	theme	Scanning	689:696	arg1	SEM					719:721	SEM	719:721	SEM	719:721	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	20	theme	Scanning	689:696	arg1	microscope					707:716	Scanning electron microscope	689:716	Scanning electron microscope (SEM)	689:722	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	21	theme	impedance	855:863	arg1	EIS					875:877	EIS	875:877	EIS	875:877	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	21	theme	impedance	855:863	arg1	spectrum					865:872	electrochemical impedance spectrum	839:872	electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS)	839:878	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	0	22	theme	voltammetry	2:12	arg1	platform					21:28	A voltammetry sensor platform	0:28	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection	0:78	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	3	23	theme	carbon	643:648	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	23	theme	carbon	643:648	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	24	theme	@	678:678	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	24	theme	@	678:678	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	25	theme	sensitive	499:507	arg1	method					525:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	2	26	theme	similar	336:342	arg1	characteristics					344:358	their similar characteristics	330:358	their similar characteristics	330:358	Owing to their similar characteristics and physiochemical properties, sensitive, it is a great challenge to detect both of them simultaneously.
28501181	2	26	theme	similar	336:342	arg1	sensitive					391:399	sensitive	391:399	sensitive	391:399	Owing to their similar characteristics and physiochemical properties, sensitive, it is a great challenge to detect both of them simultaneously.
28501181	1	27	theme	traditional	247:257	arg1	medicine					267:274	traditional Chinese medicine	247:274	traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs)	247:281	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	27	theme	traditional	247:257	arg1	TCMs					277:280	TCMs	277:280	TCMs	277:280	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	6	28	theme	simultaneous	1146:1157	arg1	determination					1159:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination	1121:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin	1121:1197	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	3	29	theme	electrochemical	509:523	arg1	method					525:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	1	30	theme	Chinese	259:265	arg1	medicine					267:274	traditional Chinese medicine	247:274	traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs)	247:281	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	30	theme	Chinese	259:265	arg1	TCMs					277:280	TCMs	277:280	TCMs	277:280	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	31	from	presence	235:242	arg1	medicine					267:274	traditional Chinese medicine	247:274	traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs)	247:281	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	31	from	presence	235:242	arg1	TCMs					277:280	TCMs	277:280	TCMs	277:280	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	3	32	theme	facile	488:493	arg1	method					525:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method	479:530	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	5	33	dep	behaviors	1001:1009	arg1	The					981:983	The	981:983	The	981:983	The electrochemical behaviors and redox mechanisms of two analytes were investigated at the target electrode.
28501181	0	34	theme	sensor	14:19	arg1	platform					21:28	A voltammetry sensor platform	0:28	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection	0:78	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	0	35	theme	CTS	109:111	arg1	composite					113:121	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite	97:121	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite	97:121	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	3	36	theme	Ta2O5-Nb2O5	667:677	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	36	theme	Ta2O5-Nb2O5	667:677	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	37	theme	niobium	578:584	arg1	Nb2O5					593:597	Nb2O5	593:597	Nb2O5	593:597	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	37	theme	niobium	578:584	arg1	oxide					586:590	niobium oxide	578:590	niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles	578:608	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	4	38	theme	X-ray	725:729	arg1	XRD					757:759	XRD	757:759	XRD	757:759	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	38	theme	X-ray	725:729	arg1	spectroscopy					743:754	X-ray diffraction spectroscopy	725:754	X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD)	725:760	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	6	39	theme	response	1239:1246	arg1	range					1248:1252	a linear response range	1230:1252	a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them	1230:1283	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	6	40	theme	sensitive	1132:1140	arg1	determination					1159:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination	1121:1171	the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin	1121:1197	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	2	41	theme	physiochemical	364:377	arg1	properties					379:388	physiochemical properties	364:388	physiochemical properties	364:388	Owing to their similar characteristics and physiochemical properties, sensitive, it is a great challenge to detect both of them simultaneously.
28501181	0	42	theme	baicalin	48:55	arg1	detection					70:78	baicalin simultaneous detection	48:78	baicalin simultaneous detection	48:78	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	8	43	theme	satisfactory	1475:1486	arg1	results					1488:1494	satisfactory results	1475:1494	satisfactory results	1475:1494	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	6	44	theme	linear	1232:1237	arg1	range					1248:1252	a linear response range	1230:1252	a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them	1230:1283	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	1	45	located	found	172:176	arg1	Radix					194:198	Scutellariae Radix	181:198	Scutellariae Radix	181:198	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	45	located	found	172:176	arg2	baicalin					138:145	baicalin	138:145	baicalin	138:145	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	45	located	found	172:176	arg2	Baicalein					124:132	Baicalein	124:132	Baicalein	124:132	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	45	located	found	172:176	arg1	herb					214:217	an essential herb	201:217	an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years	201:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	45	located	found	172:176	arg2	flavonoids					161:170	the major flavonoids	151:170	the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years	151:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	2	46	theme	great	410:414	arg1	challenge					416:424	a great challenge	408:424	a great challenge to detect both of them simultaneously	408:462	Owing to their similar characteristics and physiochemical properties, sensitive, it is a great challenge to detect both of them simultaneously.
28501181	2	46	theme	great	410:414	arg1	it					402:403	it	402:403	it	402:403	Owing to their similar characteristics and physiochemical properties, sensitive, it is a great challenge to detect both of them simultaneously.
28501181	8	47	theme	Scutellariae	1499:1510	arg1	analysis					1526:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	5	48	theme	redox	1015:1019	arg1	mechanisms					1021:1030	redox mechanisms	1015:1030	redox mechanisms	1015:1030	The electrochemical behaviors and redox mechanisms of two analytes were investigated at the target electrode.
28501181	4	49	theme	diffraction	731:741	arg1	XRD					757:759	XRD	757:759	XRD	757:759	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	49	theme	diffraction	731:741	arg1	spectroscopy					743:754	X-ray diffraction spectroscopy	725:754	X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD)	725:760	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	8	50	theme	samples	1518:1524	arg1	analysis					1526:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	4	51	theme	sensor	973:978	arg1	response					957:964	the electrochemical response	937:964	the electrochemical response of the sensor	937:978	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	3	52	theme	tantalum	554:561	arg1	Ta2O5					570:574	Ta2O5	570:574	Ta2O5	570:574	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	52	theme	tantalum	554:561	arg1	oxide					563:567	tantalum oxide	554:567	tantalum oxide (Ta2O5)	554:575	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	8	53	theme	excellent	1451:1459	arg1	stability					1461:1469	excellent stability	1451:1469	excellent stability	1451:1469	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	7	54	theme	detection	1299:1307	arg1	limits					1309:1314	The obtained detection limits	1286:1314	The obtained detection limits for baicalein and baicalin	1286:1341	The obtained detection limits for baicalein and baicalin were of 0.05 and 0.03μM (S/N=3), respectively.
28501181	8	55	theme	baicalin	1570:1577	arg1	analysis					1526:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	8	55	theme	baicalin	1570:1577	arg1	analysis					1558:1565	hydrolysis process analysis	1539:1565	hydrolysis process analysis	1539:1565	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	1	56	theme	essential	204:212	arg1	Radix					194:198	Scutellariae Radix	181:198	Scutellariae Radix	181:198	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	56	theme	essential	204:212	arg1	herb					214:217	an essential herb	201:217	an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years	201:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	3	57	theme	oxide	586:590	arg1	particles					600:608	niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles	578:608	niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles	578:608	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	4	58	dep	Fourier	763:769	arg1	transform					771:779	transform	771:779	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	771:808	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	8	59	theme	Radix	1512:1516	arg1	analysis					1526:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Scutellariae Radix samples analysis	1499:1533	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	6	60	theme	optimum	1101:1107	arg1	conditions					1109:1118	the optimum conditions	1097:1118	the optimum conditions	1097:1118	Under the optimum conditions, the highly sensitive and simultaneous determination of baicalein and baicalin was successfully achieved with a linear response range of 0.08-8.0μM for both of them.
28501181	8	61	theme	high	1433:1436	arg1	sensitivity					1438:1448	high sensitivity	1433:1448	high sensitivity	1433:1448	Furthermore, the proposed sensor displayed high sensitivity, excellent stability and satisfactory results in Scutellariae Radix samples analysis and hydrolysis process analysis of baicalin in vivo.
28501181	5	62	theme	target	1073:1078	arg1	electrode					1080:1088	the target electrode	1069:1088	the target electrode	1069:1088	The electrochemical behaviors and redox mechanisms of two analytes were investigated at the target electrode.
28501181	0	63	theme	simultaneous	57:68	arg1	detection					70:78	baicalin simultaneous detection	48:78	baicalin simultaneous detection	48:78	A voltammetry sensor platform for baicalein and baicalin simultaneous detection in vivo based on Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS composite.
28501181	3	64	theme	antiseptic	614:623	arg1	CTS-CPE					679:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE	667:685	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	3	64	theme	antiseptic	614:623	arg1	electrode					656:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode	614:664	antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE)	614:686	In this work, a novel, facile and sensitive electrochemical method was proposed based on tantalum oxide (Ta2O5), niobium oxide (Nb2O5) particles and antiseptic chitosan modified carbon paste electrode (Ta2O5-Nb2O5@CTS-CPE).
28501181	1	65	contain	had	229:231	arg1	Radix					194:198	Scutellariae Radix	181:198	Scutellariae Radix	181:198	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	65	contain	had	229:231	arg2	presence					235:242	a presence	233:242	a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years	233:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	1	65	contain	had	229:231	arg1	herb					214:217	an essential herb	201:217	an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years	201:318	Baicalein and baicalin are the major flavonoids found in Scutellariae Radix, an essential herb which has had a presence in traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) for more than two thousands of years.
28501181	4	66	dep	transform	771:779	arg1	infrared					781:788	infrared	781:788	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	771:808	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	67	theme	electrochemical	839:853	arg1	EIS					875:877	EIS	875:877	EIS	875:877	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	67	theme	electrochemical	839:853	arg1	spectrum					865:872	electrochemical impedance spectrum	839:872	electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS)	839:878	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
28501181	4	68	theme	electrochemical	941:955	arg1	response					957:964	the electrochemical response	937:964	the electrochemical response of the sensor	937:978	Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) were used to characterize the properties and investigate the electrochemical response of the sensor.
24928130	6	0	theme	sponges	919:925	arg1	gastroretentivity					863:879	The gastroretentivity	859:879	The gastroretentivity of the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	859:925	The gastroretentivity of the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges was monitored in healthy volunteers via MRI.
24928130	10	1	theme	IPC	1280:1282	arg1	sponges					1284:1290	CS (10:3) IPC sponges	1270:1290	CS (10:3) IPC sponges	1270:1290	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	2	2	theme	therapy-loaded	364:377	arg1	matrices					379:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices	334:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices	334:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices are expected to expand and float upon contact with gastric fluids for prolonged times.
24928130	10	3	theme	mean	1227:1230	arg1	diameter					1237:1244	mean pore diameter	1227:1244	mean pore diameter	1227:1244	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	8	4	theme	DSC	1091:1093	arg1	studies					1103:1109	DSC and XRD studies	1091:1109	DSC and XRD studies	1091:1109	DSC and XRD studies confirmed loss of LOR crystallinity.
24928130	7	5	theme	IPC	1076:1078	arg1	formation					1080:1088	IPC formation	1076:1088	IPC formation	1076:1088	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	2	6	theme	anti-inflammatory	346:362	arg1	matrices					379:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices	334:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices	334:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices are expected to expand and float upon contact with gastric fluids for prolonged times.
24928130	9	7	contain	possessed	1160:1168	arg1	sponges					1152:1158	The sponges	1148:1158	The sponges	1148:1158	The sponges possessed interconnecting porous-network structures.
24928130	9	7	contain	possessed	1160:1168	arg2	structures					1201:1210	interconnecting porous-network structures	1170:1210	interconnecting porous-network structures	1170:1210	The sponges possessed interconnecting porous-network structures.
24928130	0	8	theme	resonance	122:130	arg1	sponges					83:89	novel gastroretentive sponges	61:89	novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	61:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	8	theme	resonance	122:130	arg1	imaging					132:138	magnetic resonance imaging	113:138	magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	113:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	10	9	dep	porosity	1217:1224	arg1	%					1303:1303	11.779%	1297:1303	11.779%	1297:1303	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	10	9	dep	porosity	1217:1224	arg1	The					1213:1215	The	1213:1215	The	1213:1215	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	10	9	dep	porosity	1217:1224	arg1	nm					1311:1312	25.4 nm	1306:1312	25.4 nm	1306:1312	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	10	9	dep	porosity	1217:1224	arg1	g/mL					1325:1328	0.670 g/mL	1319:1328	0.670 g/mL	1319:1328	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	3	10	theme	different	529:537	arg1	ratios					539:544	different ratios	529:544	different ratios	529:544	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w) were prepared, mixed in different ratios, lyophilized, coated with magnesium stearate and compressed.
24928130	6	11	theme	healthy	944:950	arg1	volunteers					952:961	healthy volunteers	944:961	healthy volunteers	944:961	The gastroretentivity of the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges was monitored in healthy volunteers via MRI.
24928130	0	12	theme	magnetic	113:120	arg1	sponges					83:89	novel gastroretentive sponges	61:89	novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	61:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	12	theme	magnetic	113:120	arg1	imaging					132:138	magnetic resonance imaging	113:138	magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	113:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	3	13	dep	solutions	485:493	arg1	w/w					500:502	w/w	500:502	w/w	500:502	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w) were prepared, mixed in different ratios, lyophilized, coated with magnesium stearate and compressed.
24928130	3	13	dep	solutions	485:493	arg1	%					497:497	3%	496:497	3%	496:497	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w) were prepared, mixed in different ratios, lyophilized, coated with magnesium stearate and compressed.
24928130	10	14	theme	bulk	1251:1254	arg1	density					1256:1262	bulk density	1251:1262	bulk density of CH	1251:1268	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	8	15	theme	LOR	1129:1131	arg1	crystallinity					1133:1145	LOR crystallinity	1129:1145	LOR crystallinity	1129:1145	DSC and XRD studies confirmed loss of LOR crystallinity.
24928130	12	16	dep	patient	1539:1545	arg1	needs					1547:1551	needs	1547:1551	needs	1547:1551	Controlled LOR-release profiles were tailored over 12h to satisfy individual patient needs.
24928130	7	17	theme	anionic	1033:1039	arg1	CS					1029:1030	CS	1029:1030	CS	1029:1030	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	7	17	theme	anionic	1033:1039	arg1	groups					1061:1066	anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups	1033:1066	anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups	1033:1066	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	5	18	theme	floating	796:803	arg1	characteristics					805:819	floating characteristics	796:819	floating characteristics	796:819	The compressed-sponges were evaluated for appearance, structure, porosity, pore diameter, density, wetting-time, floating characteristics, adhesion-retention, and LOR-release.
24928130	4	19	theme	interpolymer	617:628	arg1	IPC					639:641	IPC	639:641	IPC	639:641	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC) was evaluated via FT-IR, DSC, and XRD.
24928130	4	19	theme	interpolymer	617:628	arg1	complex					630:636	The CH:CS interpolymer complex	607:636	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC)	607:642	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC) was evaluated via FT-IR, DSC, and XRD.
24928130	7	20	theme	carboxylate/sulfate	1041:1059	arg1	CS					1029:1030	CS	1029:1030	CS	1029:1030	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	7	20	theme	carboxylate/sulfate	1041:1059	arg1	groups					1061:1066	anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups	1033:1066	anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups	1033:1066	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	12	21	theme	Controlled	1462:1471	arg1	profiles					1485:1492	Controlled LOR-release profiles	1462:1492	Controlled LOR-release profiles	1462:1492	Controlled LOR-release profiles were tailored over 12h to satisfy individual patient needs.
24928130	1	22	theme	novel	197:201	arg1	system					305:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system	266:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR)	266:331	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	22	theme	novel	197:201	arg1	sponges					213:219	novel composite sponges	197:219	novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	197:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	0	23	theme	triple	19:24	arg1	therapy					44:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy	0:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy	0:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	2	24	with	contact	426:432	arg1	fluids					447:452	gastric fluids	439:452	gastric fluids for prolonged times	439:472	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices are expected to expand and float upon contact with gastric fluids for prolonged times.
24928130	12	25	theme	individual	1528:1537	arg1	patient					1539:1545	individual patient needs	1528:1551	individual patient needs	1528:1551	Controlled LOR-release profiles were tailored over 12h to satisfy individual patient needs.
24928130	1	26	theme	composite	203:211	arg1	system					305:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system	266:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR)	266:331	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	26	theme	composite	203:211	arg1	sponges					213:219	novel composite sponges	197:219	novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	197:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	0	27	theme	Controlled-release	0:17	arg1	therapy					44:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy	0:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy	0:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	1	28	theme	low-density	268:278	arg1	system					305:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system	266:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR)	266:331	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	28	theme	low-density	268:278	arg1	sponges					213:219	novel composite sponges	197:219	novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	197:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	11	29	theme	wetting	1366:1372	arg1	size-expansion					1398:1411	complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion	1357:1411	complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion	1357:1411	They showed complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion within minutes and prolonged adhesion for hours.
24928130	1	30	theme	gastroretentive	280:294	arg1	system					305:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system	266:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR)	266:331	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	30	theme	gastroretentive	280:294	arg1	sponges					213:219	novel composite sponges	197:219	novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	197:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	9	31	theme	interconnecting	1170:1184	arg1	structures					1201:1210	interconnecting porous-network structures	1170:1210	interconnecting porous-network structures	1170:1210	The sponges possessed interconnecting porous-network structures.
24928130	10	32	theme	CH	1267:1268	arg1	diameter					1237:1244	mean pore diameter	1227:1244	mean pore diameter	1227:1244	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	10	32	theme	CH	1267:1268	arg1	density					1256:1262	bulk density	1251:1262	bulk density of CH	1251:1268	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	10	32	theme	CH	1267:1268	arg1	porosity					1217:1224	porosity	1217:1224	porosity	1217:1224	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	3	33	theme	CH	475:476	arg1	solutions					485:493	CH and CS solutions	475:493	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w)	475:503	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w) were prepared, mixed in different ratios, lyophilized, coated with magnesium stearate and compressed.
24928130	2	34	theme	gastric	439:445	arg1	fluids					447:452	gastric fluids	439:452	gastric fluids for prolonged times	439:472	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices are expected to expand and float upon contact with gastric fluids for prolonged times.
24928130	1	35	theme	delivery	296:303	arg1	system					305:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system	266:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR)	266:331	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	35	theme	delivery	296:303	arg1	sponges					213:219	novel composite sponges	197:219	novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	197:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	0	36	theme	healthy	143:149	arg1	volunteers					151:160	healthy volunteers	143:160	healthy volunteers	143:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	9	37	theme	porous-network	1186:1199	arg1	structures					1201:1210	interconnecting porous-network structures	1170:1210	interconnecting porous-network structures	1170:1210	The sponges possessed interconnecting porous-network structures.
24928130	0	38	dep	sponges	83:89	arg1	characterization					92:107	characterization	92:107	characterization	92:107	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	38	dep	sponges	83:89	arg1	sponges					83:89	novel gastroretentive sponges	61:89	novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	61:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	38	dep	sponges	83:89	arg1	imaging					132:138	magnetic resonance imaging	113:138	magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	113:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	1	39	theme	chitosan	224:231	arg1	system					305:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system	266:310	a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR)	266:331	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	39	theme	chitosan	224:231	arg1	sponges					213:219	novel composite sponges	197:219	novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	197:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	11	40	theme	complete	1357:1364	arg1	size-expansion					1398:1411	complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion	1357:1411	complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion	1357:1411	They showed complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion within minutes and prolonged adhesion for hours.
24928130	6	41	theme	magnetite-loaded	902:917	arg1	sponges					919:925	the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	884:925	the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	884:925	The gastroretentivity of the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges was monitored in healthy volunteers via MRI.
24928130	7	42	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	groups					1017:1022	protonated amino groups	1000:1022	protonated amino groups	1000:1022	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	7	42	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	CH					996:997	CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups)	996:1067	CH	996:997	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	0	43	from	characterization	92:107	arg1	volunteers					151:160	healthy volunteers	143:160	healthy volunteers	143:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	8	44	theme	crystallinity	1133:1145	arg1	loss					1121:1124	loss	1121:1124	loss of LOR crystallinity	1121:1145	DSC and XRD studies confirmed loss of LOR crystallinity.
24928130	0	45	theme	anti-inflammatory	26:42	arg1	therapy					44:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy	0:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy	0:50	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	6	46	theme	achieved	893:900	arg1	sponges					919:925	the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	884:925	the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	884:925	The gastroretentivity of the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges was monitored in healthy volunteers via MRI.
24928130	4	47	theme	CH	611:612	arg1	IPC					639:641	IPC	639:641	IPC	639:641	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC) was evaluated via FT-IR, DSC, and XRD.
24928130	4	47	theme	CH	611:612	arg1	complex					630:636	The CH:CS interpolymer complex	607:636	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC)	607:642	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC) was evaluated via FT-IR, DSC, and XRD.
24928130	0	48	theme	gastroretentive	67:81	arg1	characterization					92:107	characterization	92:107	characterization	92:107	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	48	theme	gastroretentive	67:81	arg1	sponges					83:89	novel gastroretentive sponges	61:89	novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	61:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	48	theme	gastroretentive	67:81	arg1	imaging					132:138	magnetic resonance imaging	113:138	magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	113:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	6	49	theme	best	888:891	arg1	sponges					919:925	the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	884:925	the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges	884:925	The gastroretentivity of the best achieved magnetite-loaded sponges was monitored in healthy volunteers via MRI.
24928130	2	50	theme	triple	339:344	arg1	matrices					379:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices	334:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices	334:386	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices are expected to expand and float upon contact with gastric fluids for prolonged times.
24928130	0	51	theme	novel	61:65	arg1	characterization					92:107	characterization	92:107	characterization	92:107	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	51	theme	novel	61:65	arg1	sponges					83:89	novel gastroretentive sponges	61:89	novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	61:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	0	51	theme	novel	61:65	arg1	imaging					132:138	magnetic resonance imaging	113:138	magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers	113:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	7	52	theme	protonated	1000:1009	arg1	groups					1017:1022	protonated amino groups	1000:1022	protonated amino groups	1000:1022	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	7	52	theme	protonated	1000:1009	arg1	CH					996:997	CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups)	996:1067	CH	996:997	The interaction between CH (protonated amino groups) and CS (anionic carboxylate/sulfate groups) proved IPC formation.
24928130	0	53	from	imaging	132:138	arg1	volunteers					151:160	healthy volunteers	143:160	healthy volunteers	143:160	Controlled-release triple anti-inflammatory therapy based on novel gastroretentive sponges: characterization and magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers.
24928130	10	54	theme	CS	1270:1271	arg1	sponges					1284:1290	CS (10:3) IPC sponges	1270:1290	CS (10:3) IPC sponges	1270:1290	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	3	55	theme	CS	482:483	arg1	solutions					485:493	CH and CS solutions	475:493	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w)	475:503	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w) were prepared, mixed in different ratios, lyophilized, coated with magnesium stearate and compressed.
24928130	12	56	theme	LOR-release	1473:1483	arg1	profiles					1485:1492	Controlled LOR-release profiles	1462:1492	Controlled LOR-release profiles	1462:1492	Controlled LOR-release profiles were tailored over 12h to satisfy individual patient needs.
24928130	13	57	theme	sponges	1568:1574	arg1	Monitoring					1554:1563	Monitoring	1554:1563	Monitoring of sponges via MRI	1554:1582	Monitoring of sponges via MRI proved their gastroretentivity for at least 5h.
24928130	5	58	theme	pore	758:761	arg1	diameter					763:770	pore diameter	758:770	pore diameter	758:770	The compressed-sponges were evaluated for appearance, structure, porosity, pore diameter, density, wetting-time, floating characteristics, adhesion-retention, and LOR-release.
24928130	1	59	theme	-chondroitin	237:248	arg1	sulfate					250:256	-chondroitin sulfate	237:256	chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	224:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	59	theme	-chondroitin	237:248	arg1	CS					259:260	CS	259:260	CS	259:260	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	3	60	theme	magnesium	572:580	arg1	stearate					582:589	magnesium stearate	572:589	magnesium stearate	572:589	CH and CS solutions (3%, w/w) were prepared, mixed in different ratios, lyophilized, coated with magnesium stearate and compressed.
24928130	1	61	theme	current	167:173	arg1	work					175:178	The current work	163:178	The current work	163:178	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	4	62	theme	CS	614:615	arg1	IPC					639:641	IPC	639:641	IPC	639:641	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC) was evaluated via FT-IR, DSC, and XRD.
24928130	4	62	theme	CS	614:615	arg1	complex					630:636	The CH:CS interpolymer complex	607:636	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC)	607:642	The CH:CS interpolymer complex (IPC) was evaluated via FT-IR, DSC, and XRD.
24928130	1	63	dep	chitosan	224:231	arg1	sulfate					250:256	-chondroitin sulfate	237:256	chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS)	224:261	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	1	63	dep	chitosan	224:231	arg1	CS					259:260	CS	259:260	CS	259:260	The current work aimed to develop novel composite sponges of chitosan (CH)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) as a low-density gastroretentive delivery system for lornoxicam (LOR).
24928130	11	64	dep	wetting	1366:1372	arg1	gradual					1390:1396	gradual	1390:1396	gradual	1390:1396	They showed complete wetting within seconds, gradual size-expansion within minutes and prolonged adhesion for hours.
24928130	2	65	theme	prolonged	458:466	arg1	times					468:472	prolonged times	458:472	prolonged times	458:472	This triple anti-inflammatory therapy-loaded matrices are expected to expand and float upon contact with gastric fluids for prolonged times.
24928130	10	66	theme	pore	1232:1235	arg1	diameter					1237:1244	mean pore diameter	1227:1244	mean pore diameter	1227:1244	The porosity, mean pore diameter, and bulk density of CH:CS (10:3) IPC sponges were 11.779%, 25.4 nm, and 0.670 g/mL, respectively.
24928130	8	67	theme	XRD	1099:1101	arg1	studies					1103:1109	DSC and XRD studies	1091:1109	DSC and XRD studies	1091:1109	DSC and XRD studies confirmed loss of LOR crystallinity.
26976264	0	0	theme	pulposus	81:88	arg1	replacement					90:100	a nucleus pulposus replacement	71:100	a nucleus pulposus replacement	71:100	A photopolymerized composite hydrogel and surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement.
26976264	6	1	theme	hydrogel	951:958	arg1	able					972:975	able	972:975	able	972:975	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	6	1	theme	hydrogel	951:958	arg1	implant					960:966	the composite hydrogel implant	937:966	the composite hydrogel implant	937:966	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	1	2	theme	controversial	163:175	arg1	discussions					177:187	highly controversial discussions	156:187	highly controversial discussions	156:187	Nucleus pulposus replacements have been subjected to highly controversial discussions over the last 40 years.
26976264	4	3	theme	cellulose	562:570	arg1	hydrogel					582:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel	487:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	0	4	theme	nucleus	73:79	arg1	replacement					90:100	a nucleus pulposus replacement	71:100	a nucleus pulposus replacement	71:100	A photopolymerized composite hydrogel and surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement.
26976264	8	5	theme	mechanical	1123:1132	arg1	resistance					1134:1143	The mechanical resistance	1119:1143	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc	1119:1263	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	7	6	theme	loading	1091:1097	arg1	cycles					1099:1104	0.5 million loading cycles	1079:1104	0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025)	1079:1116	The height was maintained after 0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025).
26976264	7	6	theme	loading	1091:1097	arg1	<					1109:1109	p < 0.025	1107:1115	p < 0.025	1107:1115	The height was maintained after 0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025).
26976264	4	7	theme	nano-fibrillated	545:560	arg1	hydrogel					582:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel	487:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	5	8	theme	hydrogel	733:740	arg1	insitu					742:747	the hydrogel insitu	729:747	the hydrogel insitu	729:747	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	7	9	theme	million	1083:1089	arg1	cycles					1099:1104	0.5 million loading cycles	1079:1104	0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025)	1079:1116	The height was maintained after 0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025).
26976264	7	9	theme	million	1083:1089	arg1	<					1109:1109	p < 0.025	1107:1115	p < 0.025	1107:1115	The height was maintained after 0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025).
26976264	8	10	theme	pulposus	1354:1361	arg1	replacement					1327:1337	the replacement	1323:1337	the replacement of the nucleus pulposus	1323:1361	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	4	11	theme	hydrogel	582:589	arg1	development					472:482	the development	468:482	the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	468:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	5	12	theme	customized	654:663	arg1	device					692:697	a customized minimally-invasive medical device	652:697	a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu	652:747	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	2	13	theme	herniated	275:283	arg1	disc					285:288	herniated disc	275:288	herniated disc	275:288	Their use has not yet resulted in a positive outcome to treat herniated disc or degenerated disc disease.
26976264	4	14	theme	composite	572:580	arg1	hydrogel					582:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel	487:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	8	15	theme	implantation	1223:1234	arg1	procedure					1236:1244	the minimally invasive implantation procedure	1200:1244	the minimally invasive implantation procedure	1200:1244	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	5	16	theme	model	847:851	arg1	disc					824:827	an intervertebral disc	806:827	an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance	806:891	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	5	17	theme	mm	798:799	arg1	incision					784:791	an incision	781:791	an incision of 1 mm	781:799	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	8	18	theme	material	1177:1184	arg1	resistance					1134:1143	The mechanical resistance	1119:1143	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc	1119:1263	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	8	19	theme	nucleus	1346:1352	arg1	pulposus					1354:1361	the nucleus pulposus	1342:1361	the nucleus pulposus	1342:1361	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	1	20	theme	last	198:201	arg1	years					206:210	the last 40 years	194:210	the last 40 years	194:210	Nucleus pulposus replacements have been subjected to highly controversial discussions over the last 40 years.
26976264	3	21	theme	tissue	367:372	arg1	replacement					374:384	tissue replacement	367:384	tissue replacement	367:384	The main reason is that not a single implant or tissue replacement was able to withstand the loads within an intervertebral disc.
26976264	6	22	theme	disc	925:928	arg1	model					930:934	the bovine disc model	914:934	the bovine disc model	914:934	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	2	23	theme	disc	305:308	arg1	disease					310:316	degenerated disc disease	293:316	degenerated disc disease	293:316	Their use has not yet resulted in a positive outcome to treat herniated disc or degenerated disc disease.
26976264	8	24	theme	invasive	1214:1221	arg1	procedure					1236:1244	the minimally invasive implantation procedure	1200:1244	the minimally invasive implantation procedure	1200:1244	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	3	25	theme	single	349:354	arg1	able					390:393	able	390:393	able	390:393	The main reason is that not a single implant or tissue replacement was able to withstand the loads within an intervertebral disc.
26976264	3	25	theme	single	349:354	arg1	implant					356:362	a single implant	347:362	a single implant	347:362	The main reason is that not a single implant or tissue replacement was able to withstand the loads within an intervertebral disc.
26976264	4	26	theme	ethylene	514:521	arg1	poly					509:512	photo-polymerizable poly	489:512	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	4	26	theme	ethylene	514:521	arg1	glycol					523:528	ethylene glycol	514:528	ethylene glycol	514:528	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	8	27	theme	composite	1158:1166	arg1	material					1177:1184	the novel composite hydrogel material	1148:1184	the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc	1148:1263	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	2	28	theme	degenerated	293:303	arg1	disease					310:316	degenerated disc disease	293:316	degenerated disc disease	293:316	Their use has not yet resulted in a positive outcome to treat herniated disc or degenerated disc disease.
26976264	4	29	theme	native	620:625	arg1	properties					634:643	native tissue properties	620:643	native tissue properties	620:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	0	30	theme	composite	19:27	arg1	hydrogel					29:36	composite hydrogel	19:36	composite hydrogel	19:36	A photopolymerized composite hydrogel and surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement.
26976264	4	31	theme	dimethacrylate	530:543	arg1	hydrogel					582:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel	487:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	1	32	theme	pulposus	111:118	arg1	replacements					120:131	Nucleus pulposus replacements	103:131	Nucleus pulposus replacements	103:131	Nucleus pulposus replacements have been subjected to highly controversial discussions over the last 40 years.
26976264	6	33	theme	<	1036:1036	arg1	0.0025					1038:1043	p < 0.0025	1034:1043	p < 0.0025	1034:1043	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	6	33	theme	<	1036:1036	arg1	surgery					1025:1031	surgery	1025:1031	surgery (p < 0.0025)	1025:1044	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	0	34	theme	surgical	42:49	arg1	tool					62:65	surgical implanting tool	42:65	surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement	42:100	A photopolymerized composite hydrogel and surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement.
26976264	6	35	theme	composite	941:949	arg1	able					972:975	able	972:975	able	972:975	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	6	35	theme	composite	941:949	arg1	implant					960:966	the composite hydrogel implant	937:966	the composite hydrogel implant	937:966	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	6	36	theme	p	1034:1034	arg1	0.0025					1038:1043	p < 0.0025	1034:1043	p < 0.0025	1034:1043	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	6	36	theme	p	1034:1034	arg1	surgery					1025:1031	surgery	1025:1031	surgery (p < 0.0025)	1025:1044	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	8	37	theme	functional	1289:1298	arg1	implant					1311:1317	a promising functional orthopedic implant	1277:1317	a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus	1277:1361	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	5	38	theme	bovine	834:839	arg1	model					847:851	a bovine organ model	832:851	a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance	832:891	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	8	39	theme	hydrogel	1168:1175	arg1	material					1177:1184	the novel composite hydrogel material	1148:1184	the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc	1148:1263	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	4	40	theme	photo-polymerizable	489:507	arg1	poly					509:512	photo-polymerizable poly	489:512	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	4	40	theme	photo-polymerizable	489:507	arg1	glycol					523:528	ethylene glycol	514:528	ethylene glycol	514:528	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	8	41	theme	bovine	1253:1258	arg1	disc					1260:1263	a bovine disc	1251:1263	a bovine disc	1251:1263	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	5	42	theme	intervertebral	809:822	arg1	disc					824:827	an intervertebral disc	806:827	an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance	806:891	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	5	43	theme	organ	841:845	arg1	model					847:851	a bovine organ model	832:851	a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance	832:891	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	3	44	theme	intervertebral	428:441	arg1	disc					443:446	an intervertebral disc	425:446	an intervertebral disc	425:446	The main reason is that not a single implant or tissue replacement was able to withstand the loads within an intervertebral disc.
26976264	7	45	theme	p	1107:1107	arg1	cycles					1099:1104	0.5 million loading cycles	1079:1104	0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025)	1079:1116	The height was maintained after 0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025).
26976264	7	45	theme	p	1107:1107	arg1	<					1109:1109	p < 0.025	1107:1115	p < 0.025	1107:1115	The height was maintained after 0.5 million loading cycles (p < 0.025).
26976264	5	46	theme	minimally-invasive	665:682	arg1	device					692:697	a customized minimally-invasive medical device	652:697	a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu	652:747	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	0	47	theme	implanting	51:60	arg1	tool					62:65	surgical implanting tool	42:65	surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement	42:100	A photopolymerized composite hydrogel and surgical implanting tool for a nucleus pulposus replacement.
26976264	5	48	theme	medical	684:690	arg1	device					692:697	a customized minimally-invasive medical device	652:697	a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu	652:747	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	8	49	theme	orthopedic	1300:1309	arg1	implant					1311:1317	a promising functional orthopedic implant	1277:1317	a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus	1277:1361	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	4	50	theme	poly	509:512	arg1	hydrogel					582:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel	487:589	a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties	487:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	1	51	theme	Nucleus	103:109	arg1	replacements					120:131	Nucleus pulposus replacements	103:131	Nucleus pulposus replacements	103:131	Nucleus pulposus replacements have been subjected to highly controversial discussions over the last 40 years.
26976264	2	52	theme	positive	249:256	arg1	outcome					258:264	a positive outcome	247:264	a positive outcome to treat herniated disc or degenerated disc disease	247:316	Their use has not yet resulted in a positive outcome to treat herniated disc or degenerated disc disease.
26976264	3	53	theme	main	323:326	arg1	reason					328:333	The main reason	319:333	The main reason	319:333	The main reason is that not a single implant or tissue replacement was able to withstand the loads within an intervertebral disc.
26976264	4	54	theme	tissue	627:632	arg1	properties					634:643	native tissue properties	620:643	native tissue properties	620:643	Here, we report on the development of a photo-polymerizable poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate nano-fibrillated cellulose composite hydrogel which was tuned according to native tissue properties.
26976264	5	55	theme	long-term	871:879	arg1	performance					881:891	their long-term performance	865:891	their long-term performance	865:891	Using a customized minimally-invasive medical device to inject and photopolymerize the hydrogel insitu, samples were implanted through an incision of 1 mm into an intervertebral disc of a bovine organ model to evaluate their long-term performance.
26976264	6	56	theme	bovine	918:923	arg1	model					930:934	the bovine disc model	914:934	the bovine disc model	914:934	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
26976264	8	57	theme	novel	1152:1156	arg1	material					1177:1184	the novel composite hydrogel material	1148:1184	the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc	1148:1263	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	8	58	theme	promising	1279:1287	arg1	implant					1311:1317	a promising functional orthopedic implant	1277:1317	a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus	1277:1361	The mechanical resistance of the novel composite hydrogel material combined with the minimally invasive implantation procedure into a bovine disc resulted in a promising functional orthopedic implant for the replacement of the nucleus pulposus.
26976264	6	59	theme	disc	1007:1010	arg1	height					1012:1017	disc height	1007:1017	disc height	1007:1017	When implanted into the bovine disc model, the composite hydrogel implant was able to significantly re-establish disc height after surgery (p < 0.0025).
27083338	1	0	theme	novel	200:204	arg1	system					217:222	novel filtration system	200:222	novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium	200:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	0	theme	novel	200:204	arg1	membranes					131:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes	103:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance	103:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	1	theme	filtration	206:215	arg1	system					217:222	novel filtration system	200:222	novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium	200:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	1	theme	filtration	206:215	arg1	membranes					131:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes	103:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance	103:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	5	2	theme	beads	1013:1017	arg1	retention					968:976	the notable retention	956:976	the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%)	956:1026	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	4	3	theme	solution	836:843	arg1	concentration					845:857	solution concentration	836:857	solution concentration	836:857	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	4	4	theme	cellulose	818:826	arg1	source					828:833	cellulose source	818:833	cellulose source	818:833	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	6	5	theme	electronegative	1043:1057	arg1	nature					1059:1064	the electronegative nature	1039:1064	the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes	1039:1087	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	3	6	theme	due	643:645	arg1	properties					632:641	their mechanical properties	615:641	their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds	615:673	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	2	7	with	gel	468:470	arg1	pores					498:502	tiny inter-connected pores	477:502	tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	477:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	2	8	theme	mechanical	410:419	arg1	support					421:427	mechanical support	410:427	mechanical support	410:427	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	5	9	theme	nanocomposite	925:937	arg1	membranes					939:947	the nanocomposite membranes	921:947	the nanocomposite membranes	921:947	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	3	10	theme	fiber	548:552	arg1	shape					554:558	the fiber shape	544:558	the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics	544:585	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	6	11	theme	C	1205:1205	arg1	Virus					1207:1211	Hepatitis C Virus	1195:1211	Hepatitis C Virus	1195:1211	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	2	12	theme	regenerated	446:456	arg1	gel					468:470	regenerated cellulose gel	446:470	regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	446:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	6	13	theme	latex	1179:1183	arg1	beads					1185:1189	positively charged 50 nm latex beads	1154:1189	positively charged 50 nm latex beads	1154:1189	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	2	14	theme	combined	316:323	arg1	layers					325:330	two combined layers	312:330	two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	312:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	1	15	with	membranes	131:139	arg1	performance					156:166	excellent performance	146:166	excellent performance	146:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	16	theme	All-cellulose	103:115	arg1	system					217:222	novel filtration system	200:222	novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium	200:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	16	theme	All-cellulose	103:115	arg1	membranes					131:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes	103:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance	103:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	2	17	theme	nanofabric	358:367	arg1	layer					369:373	an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer	333:373	two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	312:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	6	18	theme	%	1124:1124	arg1	ratio					1112:1116	the rejection ratio	1098:1116	the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus	1098:1211	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	0	19	theme	self-standing	24:36	arg1	membranes					74:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	2	20	theme	cellulose	348:356	arg1	layer					369:373	an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer	333:373	two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	312:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	2	21	theme	tiny	477:480	arg1	pores					498:502	tiny inter-connected pores	477:502	tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	477:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	1	22	theme	nanocomposite	117:129	arg1	system					217:222	novel filtration system	200:222	novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium	200:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	22	theme	nanocomposite	117:129	arg1	membranes					131:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes	103:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance	103:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	2	23	theme	electrospun	336:346	arg1	layer					369:373	an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer	333:373	two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	312:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	3	24	theme	nanofabrics	575:585	arg1	shape					554:558	the fiber shape	544:558	the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics	544:585	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	0	25	theme	nanofibrous	52:62	arg1	membranes					74:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	6	26	theme	charged	1165:1171	arg1	beads					1185:1189	positively charged 50 nm latex beads	1154:1189	positively charged 50 nm latex beads	1154:1189	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	4	27	theme	porous	715:720	arg1	coating					722:728	a porous coating	713:728	a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics	713:777	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	2	28	theme	gel	468:470	arg1	support					421:427	mechanical support	410:427	mechanical support	410:427	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	2	28	theme	gel	468:470	arg1	coating					435:441	a coating	433:441	a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	433:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	0	29	theme	all-cellulose	38:50	arg1	membranes					74:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	4	30	attach	attached	743:750	arg2	coating					722:728	a porous coating	713:728	a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics	713:777	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	4	30	attach	attached	743:750	arg1	nanofabrics					767:777	electrospun nanofabrics	755:777	electrospun nanofabrics	755:777	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	6	31	theme	cellulose	1069:1077	arg1	membranes					1079:1087	cellulose membranes	1069:1087	cellulose membranes	1069:1087	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	1	32	theme	aqueous	263:269	arg1	medium					271:276	aqueous medium	263:276	aqueous medium	263:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	0	33	theme	membranes	74:82	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.	0:101	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	5	34	theme	notable	960:966	arg1	retention					968:976	the notable retention	956:976	the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%)	956:1026	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	6	35	theme	rejection	1102:1110	arg1	ratio					1112:1116	the rejection ratio	1098:1116	the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus	1098:1211	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	1	36	attach	remove	227:232	arg2	system					217:222	novel filtration system	200:222	novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium	200:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	36	attach	remove	227:232	arg1	medium					271:276	aqueous medium	263:276	aqueous medium	263:276	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	1	36	attach	remove	227:232	arg2	membranes					131:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes	103:139	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance	103:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	3	37	theme	increased	650:658	arg1	bonds					669:673	increased hydrogen bonds	650:673	increased hydrogen bonds	650:673	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	6	38	theme	%	1144:1144	arg1	ratio					1112:1116	the rejection ratio	1098:1116	the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus	1098:1211	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	1	39	theme	excellent	146:154	arg1	performance					156:166	excellent performance	146:166	excellent performance	146:166	All-cellulose nanocomposite membranes with excellent performance were successfully fabricated as novel filtration system to remove nanoparticles and virus from aqueous medium.
27083338	0	40	theme	composite	64:72	arg1	membranes					74:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	3	41	theme	hydrogen	660:667	arg1	bonds					669:673	increased hydrogen bonds	650:673	increased hydrogen bonds	650:673	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	3	42	theme	electrospun	563:573	arg1	nanofabrics					575:585	electrospun nanofabrics	563:585	electrospun nanofabrics	563:585	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	5	43	theme	100	1000:1002	arg1	nm					1004:1005	nm	1004:1005	nm	1004:1005	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	4	44	theme	pore	788:791	arg1	size					793:796	its pore size	784:796	its pore size	784:796	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	4	45	theme	drying	864:869	arg1	process					871:877	drying process	864:877	drying process	864:877	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	5	46	theme	nm	1004:1005	arg1	beads					1013:1017	negatively charged 100 nm latex beads	981:1017	negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%)	981:1026	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	5	46	theme	nm	1004:1005	arg1	%					1025:1025	99.30%	1020:1025	99.30%	1020:1025	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	3	47	theme	mechanical	621:630	arg1	properties					632:641	their mechanical properties	615:641	their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds	615:673	Hot-pressing did not affect the fiber shape of electrospun nanofabrics, but significantly improved their mechanical properties due to increased hydrogen bonds.
27083338	4	48	theme	regenerated	680:690	arg1	gel					702:704	The regenerated cellulose gel	676:704	The regenerated cellulose gel	676:704	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	6	49	theme	Hepatitis	1195:1203	arg1	Virus					1207:1211	Hepatitis C Virus	1195:1211	Hepatitis C Virus	1195:1211	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	5	50	theme	charged	992:998	arg1	beads					1013:1017	negatively charged 100 nm latex beads	981:1017	negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%)	981:1026	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	5	50	theme	charged	992:998	arg1	%					1025:1025	99.30%	1020:1025	99.30%	1020:1025	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	5	51	theme	latex	1007:1011	arg1	beads					1013:1017	negatively charged 100 nm latex beads	981:1017	negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%)	981:1026	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	5	51	theme	latex	1007:1011	arg1	%					1025:1025	99.30%	1020:1025	99.30%	1020:1025	By assembling these two layers together, the nanocomposite membranes showed the notable retention of negatively charged 100 nm latex beads (99.30%).
27083338	6	52	theme	50	1173:1174	arg1	nm					1176:1177	nm	1176:1177	nm	1176:1177	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	0	53	theme	virus	88:92	arg1	removal					94:100	virus removal	88:100	virus removal	88:100	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	2	54	theme	cellulose	458:466	arg1	gel					468:470	regenerated cellulose gel	446:470	regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	446:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	2	55	dep	layers	325:330	arg1	layer					369:373	an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer	333:373	two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier	312:513	These membranes were composed of two combined layers: an electrospun cellulose nanofabric layer treated by hot-pressing to provide mechanical support and a coating of regenerated cellulose gel with tiny inter-connected pores as barrier.
27083338	6	56	theme	membranes	1079:1087	arg1	nature					1059:1064	the electronegative nature	1039:1064	the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes	1039:1087	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	6	57	theme	nm	1176:1177	arg1	beads					1185:1189	positively charged 50 nm latex beads	1154:1189	positively charged 50 nm latex beads	1154:1189	Moreover, the electronegative nature of cellulose membranes imparted the rejection ratio of 100% and (98.68 ± 0.71)% against positively charged 50 nm latex beads and Hepatitis C Virus, respectively.
27083338	0	58	theme	flexible	15:22	arg1	membranes					74:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes	15:82	Fabrication of flexible self-standing all-cellulose nanofibrous composite membranes for virus removal.
27083338	4	59	theme	electrospun	755:765	arg1	nanofabrics					767:777	electrospun nanofabrics	755:777	electrospun nanofabrics	755:777	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
27083338	4	60	theme	cellulose	692:700	arg1	gel					702:704	The regenerated cellulose gel	676:704	The regenerated cellulose gel	676:704	The regenerated cellulose gel formed a porous coating that tightly attached to electrospun nanofabrics, and its pore size varied depending on cellulose source, solution concentration, and drying process.
29237569	5	0	theme	robust	744:749	arg1	strains					762:768	four robust microalgal strains	739:768	four robust microalgal strains	739:768	In this study, four robust microalgal strains, already known as starch-accumulating strain, were investigated: Chlorella sorokiniana, Scenedesmus vacuolatus, Dunaliella tertiolecta, and Tetraselmis chuii.
29237569	7	1	theme	light	1108:1112	arg1	irradiance					1114:1123	light irradiance	1108:1123	light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1	1108:1140	For light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1 the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation resulted 32mgL-1.
29237569	3	2	theme	economic	478:485	arg1	sustainability					487:500	the economic sustainability	474:500	the economic sustainability of microalgae production	474:525	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	4	3	theme	nitrogen	569:576	arg1	uptake					596:601	nitrogen and carbon source uptake	569:601	nitrogen and carbon source uptake	569:601	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	0	4	theme	biorefinery	75:85	arg1	context					87:93	biorefinery context	75:93	biorefinery context	75:93	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	10	5	from	accumulation	1738:1749	arg1	depletion					1773:1781	the late depletion	1764:1781	the late depletion	1764:1781	Protein content decreased during N-depletion, carbohydrates were mainly produced during the early N-depletion, followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion.
29237569	0	6	dep	nitrogen	110:117	arg1	concentration					130:142	concentration	130:142	concentration	130:142	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	1	7	theme	biomass	247:253	arg1	components					255:264	the biomass components	243:264	the biomass components	243:264	The recent trends in microalgal cultures are focused on the biorefinery of the biomass components.
29237569	7	8	theme	nitrogen	1154:1161	arg1	concentration					1163:1175	the optimal nitrogen concentration	1142:1175	the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation	1142:1210	For light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1 the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation resulted 32mgL-1.
29237569	10	9	dep	produced	1683:1690	arg1	followed					1722:1729	followed	1722:1729	followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion	1722:1781	Protein content decreased during N-depletion, carbohydrates were mainly produced during the early N-depletion, followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion.
29237569	8	10	theme	microalgal	1360:1369	arg1	growth					1371:1376	microalgal growth	1360:1376	microalgal growth	1360:1376	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	8	11	theme	final	1393:1397	arg1	productivity					1406:1417	the final starch productivity	1389:1417	the final starch productivity	1389:1417	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	1	12	theme	components	255:264	arg1	biorefinery					228:238	the biorefinery	224:238	the biorefinery of the biomass components	224:264	The recent trends in microalgal cultures are focused on the biorefinery of the biomass components.
29237569	10	13	theme	late	1768:1771	arg1	depletion					1773:1781	the late depletion	1764:1781	the late depletion	1764:1781	Protein content decreased during N-depletion, carbohydrates were mainly produced during the early N-depletion, followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion.
29237569	9	14	dep	characterise	1527:1538	arg1	to					1513:1514	to	1513:1514	to	1513:1514	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	6	15	dep	role	1021:1024	arg1	nitrogen					1026:1033	nitrogen	1026:1033	nitrogen	1026:1033	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	6	15	dep	role	1021:1024	arg1	concentration					1043:1055	CO2 concentration	1039:1055	CO2 concentration	1039:1055	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	9	16	theme	batch	1455:1459	arg1	growth					1461:1466	the batch growth	1451:1466	the batch growth of C. sorokiniana	1451:1484	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	3	17	from	market	352:357	arg1	industries					400:409	food and non-food industries	382:409	food and non-food industries	382:409	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	3	18	theme	production	516:525	arg1	sustainability					487:500	the economic sustainability	474:500	the economic sustainability of microalgae production	474:525	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	5	19	theme	Scenedesmus	858:868	arg1	vacuolatus					870:879	Scenedesmus vacuolatus	858:879	Scenedesmus vacuolatus	858:879	In this study, four robust microalgal strains, already known as starch-accumulating strain, were investigated: Chlorella sorokiniana, Scenedesmus vacuolatus, Dunaliella tertiolecta, and Tetraselmis chuii.
29237569	10	20	theme	early	1703:1707	arg1	N-depletion					1709:1719	the early N-depletion	1699:1719	the early N-depletion	1699:1719	Protein content decreased during N-depletion, carbohydrates were mainly produced during the early N-depletion, followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion.
29237569	7	21	theme	starch	1192:1197	arg1	accumulation					1199:1210	starch accumulation	1192:1210	starch accumulation	1192:1210	For light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1 the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation resulted 32mgL-1.
29237569	3	22	theme	food	382:385	arg1	industries					400:409	food and non-food industries	382:409	food and non-food industries	382:409	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	4	23	theme	source	589:594	arg1	uptake					596:601	nitrogen and carbon source uptake	569:601	nitrogen and carbon source uptake	569:601	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	1	24	theme	recent	172:177	arg1	trends					179:184	The recent trends	168:184	The recent trends in microalgal cultures	168:207	The recent trends in microalgal cultures are focused on the biorefinery of the biomass components.
29237569	8	25	theme	distant	1323:1329	arg1	concentrations					1308:1321	concentrations	1308:1321	concentrations distant from 2%	1308:1337	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	5	26	theme	microalgal	751:760	arg1	strains					762:768	four robust microalgal strains	739:768	four robust microalgal strains	739:768	In this study, four robust microalgal strains, already known as starch-accumulating strain, were investigated: Chlorella sorokiniana, Scenedesmus vacuolatus, Dunaliella tertiolecta, and Tetraselmis chuii.
29237569	8	27	from	%	1337:1337	arg1	distant					1323:1329	distant	1323:1329	distant	1323:1329	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	9	28	theme	growth	1596:1601	arg1	phases					1603:1608	the different growth phases	1582:1608	the different growth phases	1582:1608	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	4	29	from	point	641:645	arg1	perspective					536:546	this perspective	531:546	this perspective	531:546	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	3	30	theme	non-food	391:398	arg1	industries					400:409	food and non-food industries	382:409	food and non-food industries	382:409	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	3	31	theme	starch	363:368	arg1	products					370:377	starch products	363:377	starch products	363:377	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	6	32	theme	starch	969:974	arg1	producer					976:983	the best starch producer	960:983	the best starch producer in the biorefinery context	960:1010	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	6	32	theme	starch	969:974	arg1	sorokiniana					932:942	C. sorokiniana	929:942	C. sorokiniana	929:942	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	6	33	theme	biorefinery	992:1002	arg1	context					1004:1010	the biorefinery context	988:1010	the biorefinery context	988:1010	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	9	34	theme	sorokiniana	1474:1484	arg1	growth					1461:1466	the batch growth	1451:1466	the batch growth of C. sorokiniana	1451:1484	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	0	35	theme	industrial	21:30	arg1	strain					43:48	an industrial microalgal strain	18:48	an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context	18:93	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	5	36	theme	starch-accumulating	788:806	arg1	strain					808:813	starch-accumulating strain	788:813	starch-accumulating strain	788:813	In this study, four robust microalgal strains, already known as starch-accumulating strain, were investigated: Chlorella sorokiniana, Scenedesmus vacuolatus, Dunaliella tertiolecta, and Tetraselmis chuii.
29237569	8	37	theme	starch	1399:1404	arg1	productivity					1406:1417	the final starch productivity	1389:1417	the final starch productivity	1389:1417	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	1	38	theme	microalgal	189:198	arg1	cultures					200:207	microalgal cultures	189:207	microalgal cultures	189:207	The recent trends in microalgal cultures are focused on the biorefinery of the biomass components.
29237569	0	39	theme	nitrogen	110:117	arg1	effect					100:105	The effect	96:105	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.	0:166	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	6	40	theme	starch	1068:1073	arg1	production					1075:1084	the starch production	1064:1084	the starch production	1064:1084	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	7	41	theme	optimal	1146:1152	arg1	concentration					1163:1175	the optimal nitrogen concentration	1142:1175	the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation	1142:1210	For light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1 the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation resulted 32mgL-1.
29237569	3	42	theme	starch	443:448	arg1	fractions					450:458	microalgal starch fractions	432:458	microalgal starch fractions	432:458	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	0	43	theme	strain	43:48	arg1	Identification					0:13	Identification	0:13	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.	0:166	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	4	44	theme	critical	632:639	arg1	point					641:645	a critical point	630:645	a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture	630:721	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	4	44	theme	critical	632:639	arg1	optimization					553:564	the optimization	549:564	the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation	549:625	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	0	45	theme	microalgal	32:41	arg1	strain					43:48	an industrial microalgal strain	18:48	an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context	18:93	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	0	46	theme	carbon	123:128	arg1	effect					100:105	The effect	96:105	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.	0:166	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	3	47	theme	wide	347:350	arg1	market					352:357	a wide market	345:357	a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries	345:409	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	8	48	theme	starch	1283:1288	arg1	accumulation					1290:1301	the starch accumulation	1279:1301	the starch accumulation	1279:1301	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	0	49	theme	starch	54:59	arg1	production					61:70	starch production	54:70	starch production in biorefinery context	54:93	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	10	50	theme	Protein	1611:1617	arg1	content					1619:1625	Protein content	1611:1625	Protein content	1611:1625	Protein content decreased during N-depletion, carbohydrates were mainly produced during the early N-depletion, followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion.
29237569	0	51	theme	starch	147:152	arg1	accumulation					154:165	starch accumulation	147:165	starch accumulation	147:165	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	0	52	from	production	61:70	arg1	context					87:93	biorefinery context	75:93	biorefinery context	75:93	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	10	53	theme	lipids	1754:1759	arg1	accumulation					1738:1749	the accumulation	1734:1749	the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion	1734:1781	Protein content decreased during N-depletion, carbohydrates were mainly produced during the early N-depletion, followed by the accumulation of lipids in the late depletion.
29237569	7	54	theme	300μmolm-2s-1	1128:1140	arg1	irradiance					1114:1123	light irradiance	1108:1123	light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1	1108:1140	For light irradiance of 300μmolm-2s-1 the optimal nitrogen concentration for growth and starch accumulation resulted 32mgL-1.
29237569	9	55	theme	starch	1555:1560	arg1	accumulation					1562:1573	starch accumulation	1555:1573	starch accumulation	1555:1573	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	9	56	theme	accumulation	1562:1573	arg1	dynamic					1544:1550	dynamic	1544:1550	dynamic	1544:1550	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	6	57	from	producer	976:983	arg1	context					1004:1010	the biorefinery context	988:1010	the biorefinery context	988:1010	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	6	58	theme	C.	929:930	arg1	producer					976:983	the best starch producer	960:983	the best starch producer in the biorefinery context	960:1010	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	6	58	theme	C.	929:930	arg1	sorokiniana					932:942	C. sorokiniana	929:942	C. sorokiniana	929:942	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	0	59	from	effect	100:105	arg1	accumulation					154:165	starch accumulation	147:165	starch accumulation	147:165	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	4	60	theme	nitrogen	664:671	arg1	footprint					685:693	the nitrogen requirement footprint	660:693	the nitrogen requirement footprint	660:693	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	2	61	theme	example	314:320	arg1	starch					322:327	example starch	314:327	example starch	314:327	Some of them are not completely valorised, for example starch.
29237569	4	62	theme	uptake	596:601	arg1	point					641:645	a critical point	630:645	a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture	630:721	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	4	62	theme	uptake	596:601	arg1	optimization					553:564	the optimization	549:564	the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation	549:625	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	9	63	theme	different	1586:1594	arg1	phases					1603:1608	the different growth phases	1582:1608	the different growth phases	1582:1608	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
29237569	6	64	theme	CO2	1039:1041	arg1	concentration					1043:1055	CO2 concentration	1039:1055	CO2 concentration	1039:1055	C. sorokiniana was selected as the best starch producer in the biorefinery context, and the role nitrogen and CO2 concentration had on the starch production was investigated.
29237569	1	65	from	trends	179:184	arg1	cultures					200:207	microalgal cultures	189:207	microalgal cultures	189:207	The recent trends in microalgal cultures are focused on the biorefinery of the biomass components.
29237569	4	66	theme	CO2	711:713	arg1	capture					715:721	CO2 capture	711:721	CO2 capture	711:721	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	8	67	theme	CO2	1234:1236	arg1	concentration					1238:1250	The CO2 concentration	1230:1250	The CO2 concentration	1230:1250	The CO2 concentration clearly does not influence the starch accumulation, but concentrations distant from 2% negatively influence microalgal growth, affecting the final starch productivity.
29237569	3	68	theme	fractions	450:458	arg1	exploitation					416:427	the exploitation	412:427	the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions	412:458	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	3	69	theme	microalgal	432:441	arg1	fractions					450:458	microalgal starch fractions	432:458	microalgal starch fractions	432:458	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	4	70	theme	requirement	673:683	arg1	footprint					685:693	the nitrogen requirement footprint	660:693	the nitrogen requirement footprint	660:693	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	4	71	theme	starch	607:612	arg1	accumulation					614:625	starch accumulation	607:625	starch accumulation	607:625	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	4	72	theme	carbon	582:587	arg1	source					589:594	carbon source	582:594	carbon source	582:594	In this perspective, the optimization of nitrogen and carbon source uptake for starch accumulation is a critical point for reducing the nitrogen requirement footprint and to increase CO2 capture.
29237569	0	73	dep	Identification	0:13	arg1	effect					100:105	The effect	96:105	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.	0:166	Identification of an industrial microalgal strain for starch production in biorefinery context: The effect of nitrogen and carbon concentration on starch accumulation.
29237569	3	74	theme	microalgae	505:514	arg1	production					516:525	microalgae production	505:525	microalgae production	505:525	Since there is a wide market for starch products in food and non-food industries, the exploitation of microalgal starch fractions could improve the economic sustainability of microalgae production.
29237569	9	75	theme	biomass	1424:1430	arg1	composition					1432:1442	The biomass composition	1420:1442	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana	1420:1484	The biomass composition during the batch growth of C. sorokiniana was also analysed in order to explicitly characterise the dynamic of starch accumulation during the different growth phases.
27516325	8	0	theme	viability	1000:1008	arg1	studies					1010:1016	cell viability studies	995:1016	cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929)	995:1046	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	6	1	theme	sulfonate	687:695	arg1	groups					713:718	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups	683:718	groups	713:718	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	1	2	theme	surface	158:164	arg1	composition					166:176	different surface composition	148:176	different surface composition	148:176	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	7	3	theme	mixture	842:848	arg1	method					850:855	the physical mixture method	829:855	the physical mixture method using HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation	829:914	HAp/CNW were also compared with the physical mixture method using HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation.
27516325	0	4	theme	hydroxiapatite	71:84	arg1	growth					61:66	biomimetic growth	50:66	biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers	50:110	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	4	5	theme	CNWs	501:504	arg1	use					494:496	the use	490:496	the use of CNWs prepared from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid	490:571	In the present study, we evaluate the use of CNWs prepared from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
27516325	5	6	theme	simulated	633:641	arg1	concentration					654:666	a simulated body fluid concentration	631:666	a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF)	631:680	HAp growth was obtained from the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF).
27516325	9	7	theme	chemical	1190:1197	arg1	method					1213:1218	the wet chemical precipitation method	1182:1218	the wet chemical precipitation method	1182:1218	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	4	8	theme	phosphoric	557:566	arg1	acid					568:571	phosphoric acid	557:571	phosphoric acid	557:571	In the present study, we evaluate the use of CNWs prepared from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
27516325	3	9	theme	inorganic	348:356	arg1	hydrolyses					363:372	different inorganic acid hydrolyses	338:372	different inorganic acid hydrolyses	338:372	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27516325	8	10	theme	materials	968:976	arg1	biocompatibility					937:952	biocompatibility	937:952	biocompatibility	937:952	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	8	10	theme	materials	968:976	arg1	bioactivity					921:931	bioactivity	921:931	bioactivity	921:931	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	5	11	theme	body	643:646	arg1	concentration					654:666	a simulated body fluid concentration	631:666	a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF)	631:680	HAp growth was obtained from the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF).
27516325	2	12	theme	HAp	293:295	arg1	content					297:303	HAp content	293:303	HAp content below 24%	293:313	Hybrids materials primarily consist of CNWs with HAp content below 24%.
27516325	0	13	theme	cellulose	89:97	arg1	nanowhiskers					99:110	cellulose nanowhiskers	89:110	cellulose nanowhiskers	89:110	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	5	14	theme	fluid	648:652	arg1	concentration					654:666	a simulated body fluid concentration	631:666	a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF)	631:680	HAp growth was obtained from the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF).
27516325	8	15	theme	hybrid	961:966	arg1	materials					968:976	the hybrid materials	957:976	the hybrid materials	957:976	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	6	16	from	groups	713:718	arg1	surface					731:737	the CNW surface	723:737	the CNW surface	723:737	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	9	17	theme	wet	1186:1188	arg1	method					1213:1218	the wet chemical precipitation method	1182:1218	the wet chemical precipitation method	1182:1218	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	3	18	theme	HAp	436:438	arg1	mineralization					440:453	HAp mineralization	436:453	HAp mineralization	436:453	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27516325	3	19	theme	different	338:346	arg1	hydrolyses					363:372	different inorganic acid hydrolyses	338:372	different inorganic acid hydrolyses	338:372	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27516325	5	20	theme	biomimetic	607:616	arg1	method					618:623	the biomimetic method	603:623	the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF)	603:680	HAp growth was obtained from the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF).
27516325	7	21	theme	chemical	893:900	arg1	precipitation					902:914	chemical precipitation	893:914	chemical precipitation	893:914	HAp/CNW were also compared with the physical mixture method using HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation.
27516325	0	22	theme	Hybrid	0:5	arg1	materials					7:15	Hybrid materials	0:15	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.	0:111	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	1	23	with	nanowhiskers	123:134	arg1	composition					166:176	different surface composition	148:176	different surface composition	148:176	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	6	24	theme	direct	746:751	arg1	impact					753:758	a direct impact	744:758	a direct impact	744:758	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	3	25	theme	cellulose	386:394	arg1	particles					396:404	cellulose particles	386:404	cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization	386:453	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27516325	4	26	theme	sulfuric	539:546	arg1	acid					548:551	sulfuric acid	539:551	sulfuric acid	539:551	In the present study, we evaluate the use of CNWs prepared from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
27516325	9	27	theme	biomimetic	1081:1090	arg1	method					1092:1097	the biomimetic method	1077:1097	the biomimetic method	1077:1097	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	8	28	theme	cell	995:998	arg1	studies					1010:1016	cell viability studies	995:1016	cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929)	995:1046	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	0	29	theme	bone	21:24	arg1	engineering					33:43	bone tissue engineering	21:43	bone tissue engineering	21:43	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	5	30	theme	HAp	574:576	arg1	growth					578:583	HAp growth	574:583	HAp growth	574:583	HAp growth was obtained from the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF).
27516325	9	31	contain	have	1099:1102	arg1	materials					1053:1061	The materials	1049:1061	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method	1049:1097	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	9	31	contain	have	1099:1102	arg2	biocompatibility/bioactivity					1113:1140	superior biocompatibility/bioactivity	1104:1140	superior biocompatibility/bioactivity	1104:1140	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	1	32	theme	Cellulose	113:121	arg1	CNWs					137:140	CNWs	137:140	CNWs	137:140	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	1	32	theme	Cellulose	113:121	arg1	nanowhiskers					123:134	Cellulose nanowhiskers	113:134	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition	113:176	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	1	33	theme	biomimetic	204:213	arg1	HAp					238:240	HAp	238:240	HAp	238:240	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	1	33	theme	biomimetic	204:213	arg1	hydroxyapatite					222:235	the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite	200:235	the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp)	200:241	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	3	34	theme	surface	411:417	arg1	groups					419:424	surface groups	411:424	surface groups	411:424	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27516325	9	35	theme	incubation	1228:1237	arg1	period					1239:1244	an incubation period	1225:1244	an incubation period of 24h	1225:1251	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	6	36	dep	nucleation	767:776	arg1	the					763:765	the	763:765	the	763:765	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	1	37	theme	growth	215:220	arg1	HAp					238:240	HAp	238:240	HAp	238:240	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	1	37	theme	growth	215:220	arg1	hydroxyapatite					222:235	the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite	200:235	the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp)	200:241	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	0	38	theme	tissue	26:31	arg1	engineering					33:43	bone tissue engineering	21:43	bone tissue engineering	21:43	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	4	39	theme	present	463:469	arg1	study					471:475	the present study	459:475	the present study	459:475	In the present study, we evaluate the use of CNWs prepared from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
27516325	0	40	theme	biomimetic	50:59	arg1	growth					61:66	biomimetic growth	50:66	biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers	50:110	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	6	41	contain	have	739:742	arg1	groups					713:718	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups	683:718	groups	713:718	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	6	41	contain	have	739:742	arg2	impact					753:758	a direct impact	744:758	a direct impact	744:758	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	0	42	from	growth	61:66	arg1	nanowhiskers					99:110	cellulose nanowhiskers	89:110	cellulose nanowhiskers	89:110	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	0	42	from	growth	61:66	arg1	materials					7:15	Hybrid materials	0:15	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.	0:111	Hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering from biomimetic growth of hydroxiapatite on cellulose nanowhiskers.
27516325	6	43	theme	CNW	727:729	arg1	surface					731:737	the CNW surface	723:737	the CNW surface	723:737	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	9	44	theme	24h	1249:1251	arg1	period					1239:1244	an incubation period	1225:1244	an incubation period of 24h	1225:1251	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	8	45	theme	fibroblast	1024:1033	arg1	cells					1035:1039	fibroblast cells	1024:1039	fibroblast cells (L929)	1024:1046	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	8	45	theme	fibroblast	1024:1033	arg1	L929					1042:1045	L929	1042:1045	L929	1042:1045	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	9	46	theme	superior	1104:1111	arg1	biocompatibility/bioactivity					1113:1140	superior biocompatibility/bioactivity	1104:1140	superior biocompatibility/bioactivity	1104:1140	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	7	47	theme	HAp	863:865	arg1	nanoparticles					867:879	HAp nanoparticles	863:879	HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation	863:914	HAp/CNW were also compared with the physical mixture method using HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation.
27516325	4	48	theme	hydrochloric	520:531	arg1	acid					533:536	hydrochloric acid	520:536	hydrochloric acid	520:536	In the present study, we evaluate the use of CNWs prepared from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid.
27516325	5	49	theme	1.5M	671:674	arg1	concentration					654:666	a simulated body fluid concentration	631:666	a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF)	631:680	HAp growth was obtained from the biomimetic method using a simulated body fluid concentration of 1.5M (SBF).
27516325	6	50	theme	HAp	792:794	arg1	growth					782:787	growth	782:787	growth	782:787	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	6	50	theme	HAp	792:794	arg1	nucleation					767:776	nucleation	767:776	nucleation	767:776	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	8	51	dep	bioactivity	921:931	arg1	The					917:919	The	917:919	The	917:919	The bioactivity and biocompatibility of the hybrid materials were assessed by cell viability studies using fibroblast cells (L929).
27516325	2	52	with	CNWs	283:286	arg1	content					297:303	HAp content	293:303	HAp content below 24%	293:313	Hybrids materials primarily consist of CNWs with HAp content below 24%.
27516325	3	53	with	particles	396:404	arg1	groups					419:424	surface groups	411:424	surface groups	411:424	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27516325	1	54	used	used	183:186	arg2	nanowhiskers					123:134	Cellulose nanowhiskers	113:134	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition	113:176	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	1	54	used	used	183:186	arg2	CNWs					137:140	CNWs	137:140	CNWs	137:140	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	6	55	theme	phosphonate	701:711	arg1	groups					713:718	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups	683:718	groups	713:718	The sulfonate and phosphonate groups on the CNW surface have a direct impact on the nucleation and growth of HAp.
27516325	9	56	theme	precipitation	1199:1211	arg1	method					1213:1218	the wet chemical precipitation method	1182:1218	the wet chemical precipitation method	1182:1218	The materials obtained from the biomimetic method have superior biocompatibility/bioactivity compared to the material synthesized by the wet chemical precipitation method with an incubation period of 24h.
27516325	2	57	theme	Hybrids	244:250	arg1	materials					252:260	Hybrids materials	244:260	Hybrids materials	244:260	Hybrids materials primarily consist of CNWs with HAp content below 24%.
27516325	1	58	theme	different	148:156	arg1	composition					166:176	different surface composition	148:176	different surface composition	148:176	Cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) with different surface composition were used to generate the biomimetic growth hydroxyapatite (HAp).
27516325	7	59	theme	physical	833:840	arg1	method					850:855	the physical mixture method	829:855	the physical mixture method using HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation	829:914	HAp/CNW were also compared with the physical mixture method using HAp nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation.
27516325	3	60	theme	acid	358:361	arg1	hydrolyses					363:372	different inorganic acid hydrolyses	338:372	different inorganic acid hydrolyses	338:372	CNWs were produced by different inorganic acid hydrolyses to generate cellulose particles with surface groups to induce HAp mineralization.
27238587	8	0	theme	blood	1153:1157	arg1	easy					1170:1173	easy	1170:1173	easy	1170:1173	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	8	0	theme	blood	1153:1157	arg1	cells					1159:1163	the red blood cells	1145:1163	the red blood cells	1145:1163	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	5	1	theme	blood	680:684	arg1	cell					686:689	red blood cell	676:689	red blood cell aggregation	676:701	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	4	2	dep	transform	498:506	arg1	infrared					508:515	infrared	508:515	transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	498:536	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to study the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds.
27238587	8	3	theme	red	1149:1151	arg1	easy					1170:1173	easy	1170:1173	easy	1170:1173	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	8	3	theme	red	1149:1151	arg1	cells					1159:1163	the red blood cells	1145:1163	the red blood cells	1145:1163	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	9	4	theme	promising	1291:1299	arg1	candidate					1301:1309	a promising candidate	1289:1309	a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing	1289:1338	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	9	4	theme	promising	1291:1299	arg1	scaffolds					1270:1278	the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds	1244:1278	the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds	1244:1278	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	5	5	theme	cell	686:689	arg1	aggregation					691:701	red blood cell aggregation	676:701	red blood cell aggregation	676:701	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	6	6	theme	humid	839:843	arg1	environment					845:855	a humid environment	837:855	a humid environment for wound repairing	837:875	The results showed that the scaffold is good in permeability and it may provide a humid environment for wound repairing.
27238587	1	7	theme	fibroblasts	164:174	arg1	infiltration					176:187	fibroblasts infiltration	164:187	fibroblasts infiltration	164:187	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	7	8	theme	lysozyme	897:904	arg1	solution					906:913	lysozyme solution	897:913	lysozyme solution for 4 weeks	897:925	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	4	9	dep	Fourier	490:496	arg1	transform					498:506	transform	498:506	transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	498:536	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to study the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds.
27238587	3	10	theme	scanning	395:402	arg1	SEM					425:427	SEM	425:427	SEM	425:427	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	3	10	theme	scanning	395:402	arg1	microscopy					413:422	scanning electron microscopy	395:422	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	395:428	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	8	11	theme	obvious	1055:1061	arg1	effect					1074:1079	An obvious inhibitory effect	1052:1079	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds	1052:1128	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	3	12	theme	electron	404:411	arg1	SEM					425:427	SEM	425:427	SEM	425:427	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	3	12	theme	electron	404:411	arg1	microscopy					413:422	scanning electron microscopy	395:422	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	395:428	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	1	13	theme	COL-CS	84:89	arg1	equivalent					143:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	1	13	theme	COL-CS	84:89	arg1	scaffolds					99:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	9	14	theme	wound	1315:1319	arg1	dressing					1331:1338	wound repairing dressing	1315:1338	wound repairing dressing	1315:1338	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	5	15	theme	antibacterial	652:664	arg1	behavior					666:673	antibacterial behavior	652:673	antibacterial behavior	652:673	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	9	16	theme	repairing	1321:1329	arg1	dressing					1331:1338	wound repairing dressing	1315:1338	wound repairing dressing	1315:1338	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	8	17	theme	bleeding	1212:1219	arg1	clusters					1183:1190	clusters	1183:1190	clusters aggregation to stop bleeding	1183:1219	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	2	18	theme	COL-CS	295:300	arg1	scaffolds					302:310	COL-CS scaffolds	295:310	COL-CS scaffolds	295:310	To improve the anti-bacterial properties, nano-TiO2 hydrosol was introduced into COL-CS scaffolds.
27238587	4	19	used	used	542:545	arg2	Fourier					490:496	Fourier	490:496	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	490:536	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to study the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds.
27238587	5	20	theme	swelling	610:617	arg1	property					619:626	The swelling property	606:626	The swelling property	606:626	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	1	21	theme	dermal	193:198	arg1	regeneration					200:211	dermal regeneration	193:211	dermal regeneration	193:211	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	0	22	theme	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan	0:26	arg1	scaffold					35:42	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	0:42	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold for wound repairing	0:62	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold for wound repairing.
27238587	5	23	theme	red	676:678	arg1	cell					686:689	red blood cell	676:689	red blood cell aggregation	676:701	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	5	24	theme	composite	728:736	arg1	property					619:626	The swelling property	606:626	The swelling property	606:626	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	5	24	theme	composite	728:736	arg1	behavior					666:673	antibacterial behavior	652:673	antibacterial behavior	652:673	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	5	24	theme	composite	728:736	arg1	cytotoxicity					708:719	cytotoxicity	708:719	cytotoxicity	708:719	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	5	24	theme	composite	728:736	arg1	porosity					629:636	porosity	629:636	porosity	629:636	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	5	24	theme	composite	728:736	arg1	degradation					639:649	degradation	639:649	degradation	639:649	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	5	24	theme	composite	728:736	arg1	aggregation					691:701	red blood cell aggregation	676:701	red blood cell aggregation	676:701	The swelling property, porosity, degradation, antibacterial behavior, red blood cell aggregation, and cytotoxicity of the composite were investigated.
27238587	6	25	from	permeability	805:816	arg1	scaffold					785:792	the scaffold	781:792	the scaffold	781:792	The results showed that the scaffold is good in permeability and it may provide a humid environment for wound repairing.
27238587	6	25	from	permeability	805:816	arg1	good					797:800	good	797:800	good	797:800	The results showed that the scaffold is good in permeability and it may provide a humid environment for wound repairing.
27238587	3	26	theme	TiO2/COL-CS	313:323	arg1	scaffolds					332:340	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds	313:340	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds	313:340	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	1	27	used	used	126:129	arg2	scaffolds					99:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	1	27	used	used	126:129	arg2	equivalent					143:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	4	28	from	interactions	575:586	arg1	scaffolds					595:603	the scaffolds	591:603	the scaffolds	591:603	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to study the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds.
27238587	8	29	theme	porous	1113:1118	arg1	scaffolds					1120:1128	the porous scaffolds	1109:1128	the porous scaffolds	1109:1128	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	2	30	theme	nano-TiO2	256:264	arg1	hydrosol					266:273	nano-TiO2 hydrosol	256:273	nano-TiO2 hydrosol	256:273	To improve the anti-bacterial properties, nano-TiO2 hydrosol was introduced into COL-CS scaffolds.
27238587	3	31	theme	scaffolds	479:487	arg1	micro-structure					456:470	the micro-structure	452:470	the micro-structure of the scaffolds	452:487	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	0	32	theme	wound	48:52	arg1	repairing					54:62	wound repairing	48:62	wound repairing	48:62	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold for wound repairing.
27238587	7	33	theme	repairing	1034:1042	arg1	period					1044:1049	the repairing period	1030:1049	the repairing period	1030:1049	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	8	34	from	effect	1074:1079	arg1	aureus					1099:1104	Staphylococcus aureus	1084:1104	Staphylococcus aureus	1084:1104	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	8	35	theme	scaffolds	1120:1128	arg1	effect					1074:1079	An obvious inhibitory effect	1052:1079	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds	1052:1128	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	9	36	theme	TiO2/COL-CS	1248:1258	arg1	candidate					1301:1309	a promising candidate	1289:1309	a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing	1289:1338	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	9	36	theme	TiO2/COL-CS	1248:1258	arg1	scaffolds					1270:1278	the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds	1244:1278	the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds	1244:1278	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	2	37	theme	anti-bacterial	229:242	arg1	properties					244:253	the anti-bacterial properties	225:253	the anti-bacterial properties	225:253	To improve the anti-bacterial properties, nano-TiO2 hydrosol was introduced into COL-CS scaffolds.
27238587	8	38	theme	inhibitory	1063:1072	arg1	effect					1074:1079	An obvious inhibitory effect	1052:1079	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds	1052:1128	An obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus of the porous scaffolds was found, and the red blood cells were easy to form clusters aggregation to stop bleeding.
27238587	4	39	theme	intermolecular	560:573	arg1	interactions					575:586	the intermolecular interactions	556:586	the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds	556:603	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to study the intermolecular interactions in the scaffolds.
27238587	3	40	theme	porous	325:330	arg1	scaffolds					332:340	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds	313:340	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds	313:340	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	6	41	theme	wound	861:865	arg1	repairing					867:875	wound repairing	861:875	wound repairing	861:875	The results showed that the scaffold is good in permeability and it may provide a humid environment for wound repairing.
27238587	6	42	from	good	797:800	arg1	permeability					805:816	permeability	805:816	permeability	805:816	The results showed that the scaffold is good in permeability and it may provide a humid environment for wound repairing.
27238587	7	43	theme	porous	939:944	arg1	scaffolds					946:954	porous scaffolds	939:954	porous scaffolds	939:954	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	1	44	theme	porous	92:97	arg1	equivalent					143:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	1	44	theme	porous	92:97	arg1	scaffolds					99:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	7	45	theme	wound	1001:1005	arg1	protection					1016:1025	the wound coverage protection	997:1025	the wound coverage protection	997:1025	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	1	46	theme	dermal	136:141	arg1	scaffolds					99:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	1	46	theme	dermal	136:141	arg1	equivalent					143:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	7	47	from	good	960:963	arg1	stability					968:976	stability	968:976	stability	968:976	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	3	48	theme	freeze-drying	368:380	arg1	process					382:388	a freeze-drying process	366:388	a freeze-drying process	366:388	TiO2/COL-CS porous scaffolds were fabricated through a freeze-drying process, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to study the micro-structure of the scaffolds.
27238587	7	49	from	degradation	882:892	arg1	solution					906:913	lysozyme solution	897:913	lysozyme solution for 4 weeks	897:925	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	7	50	theme	coverage	1007:1014	arg1	protection					1016:1025	the wound coverage protection	997:1025	the wound coverage protection	997:1025	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	7	51	from	stability	968:976	arg1	good					960:963	good	960:963	good	960:963	The degradation in lysozyme solution for 4 weeks showed that porous scaffolds are good in stability, which may satisfy the wound coverage protection in the repairing period.
27238587	9	52	theme	composite	1260:1268	arg1	candidate					1301:1309	a promising candidate	1289:1309	a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing	1289:1338	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	9	52	theme	composite	1260:1268	arg1	scaffolds					1270:1278	the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds	1244:1278	the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds	1244:1278	It was suggested that the TiO2/COL-CS composite scaffolds could be a promising candidate for wound repairing dressing.
27238587	1	53	theme	Collagen-Chitosan	65:81	arg1	equivalent					143:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	a dermal equivalent	134:152	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	1	53	theme	Collagen-Chitosan	65:81	arg1	scaffolds					99:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds	65:107	Collagen-Chitosan (COL-CS) porous scaffolds have been widely used as a dermal equivalent to induce fibroblasts infiltration and dermal regeneration.
27238587	0	54	theme	porous	28:33	arg1	scaffold					35:42	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	0:42	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold for wound repairing	0:62	Nano-TiO2/collagen-chitosan porous scaffold for wound repairing.
29122717	0	0	theme	visible	99:105	arg1	light					107:111	visible light	99:111	visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue	99:156	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	8	1	theme	photodegradation	1268:1283	arg1	rate					1285:1288	photodegradation rate	1268:1288	photodegradation rate	1268:1288	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	10	2	theme	large	1486:1490	arg1	zone					1503:1506	large inhibition zone	1486:1506	large inhibition zone	1486:1506	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	10	3	theme	fungal	1465:1470	arg1	strains					1472:1478	gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1421:1478	gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1421:1478	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	7	4	theme	kapp	1084:1087	arg1	value					1089:1093	kapp value	1084:1093	kapp value	1084:1093	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	4	5	theme	oxygen	583:588	arg1	percentages					590:600	high Ti and oxygen percentages	571:600	high Ti and oxygen percentages	571:600	Moreover, high Ti and oxygen percentages were detected by EDX.
29122717	0	6	theme	photocatalytic	113:126	arg1	degradation					128:138	visible light photocatalytic degradation	99:138	visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue	99:156	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	7	7	theme	L-H	1069:1071	arg1	model					1074:1078	the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model	1043:1078	the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model	1043:1078	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	2	8	theme	FT-IR	352:356	arg1	TEM					380:382	TEM	380:382	TEM	380:382	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	2	8	theme	FT-IR	352:356	arg1	SEM					372:374	SEM	372:374	SEM	372:374	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	2	8	theme	FT-IR	352:356	arg1	XRD					367:369	XRD	367:369	XRD	367:369	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	2	8	theme	FT-IR	352:356	arg1	spectra					358:364	FT-IR spectra	352:364	FT-IR spectra	352:364	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	0	9	theme	light	107:111	arg1	degradation					128:138	visible light photocatalytic degradation	99:138	visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue	99:156	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	3	10	dep	3.1m2/g	424:430	arg1	to					421:422	to	421:422	to	421:422	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	6	11	dep	showed	691:696	arg1	%					802:802	99.8%	798:802	99.8% after 40min	798:814	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	6	12	dep	TMChi	879:883	arg1	%					890:890	98.9%	886:890	98.9% after 60min	886:902	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	3	13	theme	BET	385:387	arg1	area					397:400	BET surface area	385:400	BET surface area	385:400	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	7	14	theme	Langmuir-Hinshelwood	1047:1066	arg1	model					1074:1078	the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model	1043:1078	the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model	1043:1078	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	5	15	theme	Magnetization	624:636	arg1	Ms					645:646	Ms	645:646	Ms	645:646	Magnetization value (Ms) reached 21 emu.g-1 for MPyTMChi.
29122717	5	15	theme	Magnetization	624:636	arg1	value					638:642	Magnetization value	624:642	Magnetization value (Ms)	624:647	Magnetization value (Ms) reached 21 emu.g-1 for MPyTMChi.
29122717	6	16	theme	degradation	722:732	arg1	rate					734:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate	698:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye	698:764	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	3	17	theme	surface	389:395	arg1	area					397:400	BET surface area	385:400	BET surface area	385:400	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	6	18	theme	photocatalytic	707:720	arg1	rate					734:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate	698:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye	698:764	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	8	19	theme	trapping	1126:1133	arg1	experiment					1135:1144	Active species trapping experiment	1111:1144	Active species trapping experiment	1111:1144	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	10	20	theme	higher	1383:1388	arg1	activity					1404:1411	higher antimicrobial activity	1383:1411	higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1383:1478	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	6	21	theme	enhanced	698:705	arg1	rate					734:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate	698:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye	698:764	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	10	22	dep	gram-positive	1421:1433	arg1	negative					1442:1449	negative	1442:1449	negative	1442:1449	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	4	23	theme	high	571:574	arg1	percentages					590:600	high Ti and oxygen percentages	571:600	high Ti and oxygen percentages	571:600	Moreover, high Ti and oxygen percentages were detected by EDX.
29122717	10	24	theme	gram-positive	1421:1433	arg1	strains					1472:1478	gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1421:1478	gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1421:1478	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	6	25	theme	light	779:783	arg1	irradiation					785:795	visibe light irradiation	772:795	visibe light irradiation	772:795	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	8	26	theme	species	1118:1124	arg1	experiment					1135:1144	Active species trapping experiment	1111:1144	Active species trapping experiment	1111:1144	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	0	27	theme	blue	153:156	arg1	methylene					143:151	methylene blue	143:156	methylene blue	143:156	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	6	28	theme	visibe	772:777	arg1	irradiation					785:795	visibe light irradiation	772:795	visibe light irradiation	772:795	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	0	29	theme	methylene	143:151	arg1	degradation					128:138	visible light photocatalytic degradation	99:138	visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue	99:156	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	1	30	dep	TiO2/Fe3O4/chitosan	171:189	arg1	MPyTMChi					248:255	MPyTMChi	248:255	MPyTMChi	248:255	TiO2/Fe3O4, TiO2/Fe3O4/chitosan and Methylpyrazolone functionalized TiO2/Fe3O4/chitosan (MPyTMChi) were successfully prepared.
29122717	3	31	theme	PL	488:489	arg1	spectra					500:506	PL emission spectra	488:506	PL emission spectra	488:506	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	0	32	theme	pyrazolone	41:50	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	0	32	theme	pyrazolone	41:50	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	4	33	theme	Ti	576:577	arg1	percentages					590:600	high Ti and oxygen percentages	571:600	high Ti and oxygen percentages	571:600	Moreover, high Ti and oxygen percentages were detected by EDX.
29122717	7	34	from	degradation	960:970	arg1	MPyTMChi					985:992	MPyTMChi	985:992	MPyTMChi	985:992	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	3	35	theme	more	470:473	arg1	quenching					475:483	more quenching	470:483	more quenching of PL emission spectra	470:506	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	0	36	theme	methyl	34:39	arg1	pyrazolone					41:50	methyl pyrazolone	34:50	methyl pyrazolone	34:50	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	7	37	theme	apparent	1002:1009	arg1	pseudo-first-order					1011:1028	apparent pseudo-first-order	1002:1028	apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model	1002:1078	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	8	38	theme	dye	1222:1224	arg1	role					1187:1190	the main role	1178:1190	the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye	1178:1224	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	2	39	theme	chemical	290:297	arg1	structure					299:307	The chemical structure	286:307	The chemical structure of the prepared materials	286:333	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	8	40	theme	MB	1219:1220	arg1	dye					1222:1224	MB dye	1219:1224	MB dye	1219:1224	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	0	41	theme	magnetic	67:74	arg1	composite					85:93	magnetic chitosan composite	67:93	magnetic chitosan composite	67:93	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	8	42	theme	Active	1111:1116	arg1	species					1118:1124	Active species	1111:1124	Active species trapping experiment	1111:1144	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	3	43	dep	2.25eV	459:464	arg1	to					456:457	to	456:457	to	456:457	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	6	44	theme	dye	762:764	arg1	rate					734:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate	698:737	enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye	698:764	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	8	45	theme	OH	1232:1233	arg1	quenching					1235:1243	OH quenching	1232:1243	OH quenching	1232:1243	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	10	46	theme	bacterial	1451:1459	arg1	strains					1472:1478	gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1421:1478	gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1421:1478	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	10	47	theme	inhibition	1492:1501	arg1	zone					1503:1506	large inhibition zone	1486:1506	large inhibition zone	1486:1506	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	8	48	from	role	1187:1190	arg1	photodegradation					1199:1214	the photodegradation	1195:1214	the photodegradation	1195:1214	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	10	49	theme	antimicrobial	1390:1402	arg1	activity					1404:1411	higher antimicrobial activity	1383:1411	higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains	1383:1478	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	6	50	dep	TiO2/Fe3O4	843:852	arg1	%					859:859	96.7%	855:859	96.7% after 100min	855:872	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	7	51	theme	MB	975:976	arg1	dye					978:980	MB dye	975:980	MB dye	975:980	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	2	52	theme	materials	325:333	arg1	structure					299:307	The chemical structure	286:307	The chemical structure of the prepared materials	286:333	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	7	53	theme	photocatalytic	945:958	arg1	degradation					960:970	the photocatalytic degradation	941:970	the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi	941:992	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	3	54	theme	emission	491:498	arg1	spectra					500:506	PL emission spectra	488:506	PL emission spectra	488:506	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	7	55	theme	dye	978:980	arg1	degradation					960:970	the photocatalytic degradation	941:970	the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi	941:992	It was regarded that the photocatalytic degradation of MB dye on MPyTMChi follows apparent pseudo-first-order according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model and kapp value was 0.089min-1.
29122717	2	56	theme	prepared	316:323	arg1	materials					325:333	the prepared materials	312:333	the prepared materials	312:333	The chemical structure of the prepared materials was confirmed by FT-IR spectra, XRD, SEM and TEM.
29122717	3	57	theme	spectra	500:506	arg1	quenching					475:483	more quenching	470:483	more quenching of PL emission spectra	470:506	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	10	58	theme	gram-positive	1525:1537	arg1	bacteria					1539:1546	gram-positive bacteria	1525:1546	gram-positive bacteria	1525:1546	MPyTMChi showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram- negative bacterial and fungal strains while large inhibition zone was observed for gram-positive bacteria.
29122717	6	59	theme	blue	752:755	arg1	dye					762:764	methylene blue (MB) dye	742:764	methylene blue (MB) dye	742:764	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	6	60	dep	blue	752:755	arg1	MB					758:759	MB	758:759	MB	758:759	MPyTMChi showed enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue (MB) dye under visibe light irradiation (99.8% after 40min) as compared with that for TiO2/Fe3O4 (96.7% after 100min) and TMChi (98.9% after 60min), respectively.
29122717	0	61	theme	chitosan	76:83	arg1	composite					85:93	magnetic chitosan composite	67:93	magnetic chitosan composite	67:93	Synthesis and characterization of methyl pyrazolone functionalized magnetic chitosan composite for visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
29122717	8	62	theme	main	1182:1185	arg1	role					1187:1190	the main role	1178:1190	the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye	1178:1224	Active species trapping experiment revealed that h+ and O2- played the main role in the photodegradation of MB dye while OH quenching did not greatly affect photodegradation rate.
29122717	3	63	theme	TMChi	547:551	arg1	functionalization					526:542	functionalization	526:542	functionalization of TMChi by MPy	526:558	BET surface area increased from 2.4 to 3.1m2/g, Eg decreased from 2.58 to 2.25eV and more quenching of PL emission spectra was observed upon functionalization of TMChi by MPy.
29122717	9	64	theme	repetitive	1348:1357	arg1	cycles					1359:1364	six repetitive cycles	1344:1364	six repetitive cycles	1344:1364	Additionally, MPyTMChi can be efficiently reused for six repetitive cycles.
28013017	7	0	theme	cysteine	963:970	arg1	sensor					972:977	a self-powered cysteine sensor	948:977	a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor	948:1069	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
28013017	2	1	dep	detection	284:292	arg1	the					267:269	the	267:269	the	267:269	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	7	2	theme	piezoelectric	1014:1026	arg1	nanogenerator					1028:1040	a piezoelectric nanogenerator	1012:1040	a piezoelectric nanogenerator	1012:1040	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
28013017	0	3	theme	self-powered	82:93	arg1	biosensor					95:103	film based self-powered biosensor	71:103	film based self-powered biosensor	71:103	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles film based self-powered biosensor.
28013017	10	4	theme	routine	1382:1388	arg1	analysis					1390:1397	routine analysis	1382:1397	routine analysis	1382:1397	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	1	5	theme	biomolecules	166:177	arg1	detection					132:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection	106:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules	106:177	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	6	6	theme	current	793:799	arg1	response					801:808	The current response	789:808	The current response	789:808	The current response increased with cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM).
28013017	7	7	used	used	1046:1049	arg2	voltage					999:1005	the output voltage	988:1005	the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator	988:1040	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
28013017	5	8	theme	cysteine	708:715	arg1	concentrations					717:730	cysteine concentrations	708:730	cysteine concentrations	708:730	The changes in surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations were determined using a current-voltage (I-V) technique.
28013017	5	9	theme	film	687:690	arg1	properties					669:678	surface charge properties	654:678	surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations	654:730	The changes in surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations were determined using a current-voltage (I-V) technique.
28013017	2	10	theme	direct	277:282	arg1	detection					284:292	direct detection	277:292	direct detection	277:292	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	9	11	theme	Real-time	1164:1172	arg1	analysis					1174:1181	Real-time analysis	1164:1181	Real-time analysis of sensor performance	1164:1203	Real-time analysis of sensor performance was carried out on urine samples by non-invasive method.
28013017	1	12	theme	important	156:164	arg1	biomolecules					166:177	clinically important biomolecules	145:177	clinically important biomolecules	145:177	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	8	13	theme	cysteine	1139:1146	arg1	concentrations					1148:1161	cysteine concentrations	1139:1161	cysteine concentrations	1139:1161	The potential drop across the sensor was measured as a function of cysteine concentrations.
28013017	2	14	theme	first	271:275	arg1	detection					284:292	direct detection	277:292	direct detection	277:292	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	10	15	theme	novel	1267:1271	arg1	sensor					1273:1278	This novel sensor	1262:1278	This novel sensor	1262:1278	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	8	16	theme	concentrations	1148:1161	arg1	function					1127:1134	a function	1125:1134	a function of cysteine concentrations	1125:1161	The potential drop across the sensor was measured as a function of cysteine concentrations.
28013017	8	16	theme	concentrations	1148:1161	arg1	drop					1086:1089	The potential drop	1072:1089	The potential drop across the sensor	1072:1107	The potential drop across the sensor was measured as a function of cysteine concentrations.
28013017	10	17	theme	detection	1342:1350	arg1	limit					1352:1356	detection limit	1342:1356	detection limit of 10µM	1342:1364	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	1	18	theme	continuous	184:193	arg1	demand					195:200	continuous demand	184:200	continuous demand	184:200	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	3	19	theme	BaTiO3	395:400	arg1	nanoparticles					402:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles	376:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs)	376:427	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	3	19	theme	BaTiO3	395:400	arg1	NPs					424:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	5	20	theme	current-voltage	756:770	arg1	technique					778:786	a current-voltage (I-V) technique	754:786	a current-voltage (I-V) technique	754:786	The changes in surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations were determined using a current-voltage (I-V) technique.
28013017	9	21	theme	sensor	1186:1191	arg1	performance					1193:1203	sensor performance	1186:1203	sensor performance	1186:1203	Real-time analysis of sensor performance was carried out on urine samples by non-invasive method.
28013017	2	22	dep	cysteine-responsive	322:340	arg1	self-powered					355:366	self-powered	355:366	self-powered	355:366	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	2	22	dep	cysteine-responsive	322:340	arg1	film-based					343:352	film-based	343:352	film-based	343:352	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	8	23	theme	potential	1076:1084	arg1	drop					1086:1089	The potential drop	1072:1089	The potential drop across the sensor	1072:1107	The potential drop across the sensor was measured as a function of cysteine concentrations.
28013017	8	23	theme	potential	1076:1084	arg1	function					1127:1134	a function	1125:1134	a function of cysteine concentrations	1125:1161	The potential drop across the sensor was measured as a function of cysteine concentrations.
28013017	0	24	theme	Direct	0:5	arg1	detection					7:15	Direct detection	0:15	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3	0:55	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles film based self-powered biosensor.
28013017	7	25	theme	composite	918:926	arg1	properties					900:909	the properties	896:909	the properties of the composite (BT/Ag)	896:934	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
28013017	1	26	theme	Simple	106:111	arg1	detection					132:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection	106:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules	106:177	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	0	27	theme	cysteine	20:27	arg1	detection					7:15	Direct detection	0:15	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3	0:55	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles film based self-powered biosensor.
28013017	9	28	theme	performance	1193:1203	arg1	analysis					1174:1181	Real-time analysis	1164:1181	Real-time analysis of sensor performance	1164:1203	Real-time analysis of sensor performance was carried out on urine samples by non-invasive method.
28013017	2	29	theme	facile	298:303	arg1	fabrication					305:315	facile fabrication	298:315	facile fabrication	298:315	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	1	30	theme	scientific	208:217	arg1	community					219:227	scientific community	208:227	scientific community as well as in market	208:248	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	3	31	theme	functionalized	380:393	arg1	nanoparticles					402:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles	376:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs)	376:427	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	3	31	theme	functionalized	380:393	arg1	NPs					424:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	3	32	theme	cysteine	508:515	arg1	detection					517:525	cysteine detection	508:525	cysteine detection	508:525	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	9	33	theme	urine	1224:1228	arg1	samples					1230:1236	urine samples	1224:1236	urine samples	1224:1236	Real-time analysis of sensor performance was carried out on urine samples by non-invasive method.
28013017	1	34	theme	novel	114:118	arg1	detection					132:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection	106:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules	106:177	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	10	35	theme	good	1293:1296	arg1	selectivity					1298:1308	good selectivity	1293:1308	good selectivity	1293:1308	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	3	36	theme	agarose	475:481	arg1	film					488:491	an agarose (Ag) film	472:491	an agarose (Ag) film	472:491	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	0	37	theme	functionalized	35:48	arg1	BaTiO3					50:55	functionalized BaTiO3	35:55	functionalized BaTiO3	35:55	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles film based self-powered biosensor.
28013017	4	38	theme	BT	550:551	arg1	nanoparticles					535:547	BaTiO3 nanoparticles	528:547	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties	528:607	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties were harnessed in this study.
28013017	4	38	theme	BT	550:551	arg1	NPs					553:555	BT NPs	550:555	BT NPs	550:555	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties were harnessed in this study.
28013017	5	39	from	changes	643:649	arg1	properties					669:678	surface charge properties	654:678	surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations	654:730	The changes in surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations were determined using a current-voltage (I-V) technique.
28013017	6	40	theme	linear	849:854	arg1	concentration					834:846	cysteine concentration	825:846	cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM)	825:884	The current response increased with cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM).
28013017	6	40	theme	linear	849:854	arg1	concentration					856:868	linear concentration range=10µM-1mM	849:883	linear concentration range=10µM-1mM	849:883	The current response increased with cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM).
28013017	3	41	theme	NH2	376:378	arg1	nanoparticles					402:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles	376:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs)	376:427	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	3	41	theme	NH2	376:378	arg1	NPs					424:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	7	42	theme	output	992:997	arg1	voltage					999:1005	the output voltage	988:1005	the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator	988:1040	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
28013017	5	43	theme	surface	654:660	arg1	properties					669:678	surface charge properties	654:678	surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations	654:730	The changes in surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations were determined using a current-voltage (I-V) technique.
28013017	1	44	contain	have	179:182	arg1	detection					132:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection	106:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules	106:177	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	1	44	contain	have	179:182	arg2	demand					195:200	continuous demand	184:200	continuous demand	184:200	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	10	45	dep	demonstrated	1280:1291	arg1	acceptable					1367:1376	acceptable	1367:1376	acceptable for routine analysis	1367:1397	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	3	46	theme	BT-NH2	417:422	arg1	nanoparticles					402:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles	376:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs)	376:427	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	3	46	theme	BT-NH2	417:422	arg1	NPs					424:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	4	47	theme	BaTiO3	528:533	arg1	nanoparticles					535:547	BaTiO3 nanoparticles	528:547	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties	528:607	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties were harnessed in this study.
28013017	4	47	theme	BaTiO3	528:533	arg1	NPs					553:555	BT NPs	550:555	BT NPs	550:555	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties were harnessed in this study.
28013017	5	48	theme	charge	662:667	arg1	properties					669:678	surface charge properties	654:678	surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations	654:730	The changes in surface charge properties of the film with respect to cysteine concentrations were determined using a current-voltage (I-V) technique.
28013017	10	49	theme	concentration	1318:1330	arg1	range					1332:1336	linear concentration range	1311:1336	linear concentration range	1311:1336	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	3	50	theme	film	488:491	arg1	matrix					462:467	a three-dimensional matrix	442:467	a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film	442:491	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	6	51	theme	cysteine	825:832	arg1	concentration					834:846	cysteine concentration	825:846	cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM)	825:884	The current response increased with cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM).
28013017	6	51	theme	cysteine	825:832	arg1	concentration					856:868	linear concentration range=10µM-1mM	849:883	linear concentration range=10µM-1mM	849:883	The current response increased with cysteine concentration (linear concentration range=10µM-1mM).
28013017	10	52	theme	linear	1311:1316	arg1	range					1332:1336	linear concentration range	1311:1336	linear concentration range	1311:1336	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	1	53	theme	direct	125:130	arg1	detection					132:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection	106:140	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules	106:177	Simple, novel, and direct detection of clinically important biomolecules have continuous demand among scientific community as well as in market.
28013017	4	54	theme	piezoelectric	584:596	arg1	properties					598:607	as well as piezoelectric properties	573:607	as well as piezoelectric properties	573:607	BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT NPs) semiconducting as well as piezoelectric properties were harnessed in this study.
28013017	9	55	theme	non-invasive	1241:1252	arg1	method					1254:1259	non-invasive method	1241:1259	non-invasive method	1241:1259	Real-time analysis of sensor performance was carried out on urine samples by non-invasive method.
28013017	10	56	theme	10µM	1361:1364	arg1	range					1332:1336	linear concentration range	1311:1336	linear concentration range	1311:1336	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	10	56	theme	10µM	1361:1364	arg1	limit					1352:1356	detection limit	1342:1356	detection limit of 10µM	1342:1364	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	10	56	theme	10µM	1361:1364	arg1	selectivity					1298:1308	good selectivity	1293:1308	good selectivity	1293:1308	This novel sensor demonstrated good selectivity, linear concentration range and detection limit of 10µM; acceptable for routine analysis.
28013017	3	57	theme	Ag	484:485	arg1	film					488:491	an agarose (Ag) film	472:491	an agarose (Ag) film	472:491	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	2	58	theme	cysteine-responsive	322:340	arg1	device					368:373	a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device	320:373	a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device	320:373	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	0	59	theme	based	76:80	arg1	biosensor					95:103	film based self-powered biosensor	71:103	film based self-powered biosensor	71:103	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles film based self-powered biosensor.
28013017	3	60	theme	three-dimensional	444:460	arg1	matrix					462:467	a three-dimensional matrix	442:467	a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film	442:491	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	0	61	theme	film	71:74	arg1	biosensor					95:103	film based self-powered biosensor	71:103	film based self-powered biosensor	71:103	Direct detection of cysteine using functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles film based self-powered biosensor.
28013017	3	62	used	used	499:502	arg2	NPs					424:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	BT-NH2 NPs	417:426	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	3	62	used	used	499:502	arg2	nanoparticles					402:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles	376:414	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs)	376:427	NH2 functionalized BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BT-NH2 NPs) suspended in a three-dimensional matrix of an agarose (Ag) film, were used for cysteine detection.
28013017	7	63	theme	self-powered	950:961	arg1	sensor					972:977	a self-powered cysteine sensor	948:977	a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor	948:1069	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
28013017	2	64	theme	device	368:373	arg1	detection					284:292	direct detection	277:292	direct detection	277:292	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	2	64	theme	device	368:373	arg1	fabrication					305:315	facile fabrication	298:315	facile fabrication	298:315	Here, we report the first direct detection and facile fabrication of a cysteine-responsive, film-based, self-powered device.
28013017	7	65	from	nanogenerator	1028:1040	arg1	voltage					999:1005	the output voltage	988:1005	the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator	988:1040	Based on the properties of the composite (BT/Ag), we created a self-powered cysteine sensor in which the output voltage from a piezoelectric nanogenerator was used to drive the sensor.
27351875	0	0	theme	phosphate	79:87	arg1	nanoparticles					89:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	0	1	from	immobilization	8:21	arg1	soil					37:40	soil	37:40	soil	37:40	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	1	2	theme	heavy	166:170	arg1	contamination					178:190	heavy metal contamination	166:190	heavy metal contamination	166:190	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	8	3	from	soil	1410:1413	arg1	remediation					1389:1399	effective in situ remediation	1371:1399	effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil	1371:1413	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	0	4	theme	iron	74:77	arg1	nanoparticles					89:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	8	5	theme	@	1346:1346	arg1	Fe3					1347:1349	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1344:1355	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1344:1355	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	1	6	theme	metal	172:176	arg1	contamination					178:190	heavy metal contamination	166:190	heavy metal contamination	166:190	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	7	7	theme	mustard	1301:1307	arg1	uptake					1283:1288	the Fe uptake	1276:1288	the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard	1276:1307	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	4	8	theme	simulated	704:712	arg1	remediation					722:732	simulated in situ remediation	704:732	simulated in situ remediation	704:732	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	4	9	theme	remediation	722:732	arg1	28 days					693:699	28 days	693:699	28 days of simulated in situ remediation	693:732	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	5	10	from	Cd	972:973	arg1	transformation					934:947	the transformation	930:947	the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS)	930:1013	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	5	10	from	Cd	972:973	arg1	responsible					1019:1029	responsible	1019:1029	responsible	1019:1029	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	7	11	theme	Fe	1280:1281	arg1	uptake					1283:1288	the Fe uptake	1276:1288	the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard	1276:1307	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	4	12	theme	physiological-based	791:809	arg1	bioaccessibility					827:842	the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility	787:842	the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility	787:842	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	4	13	theme	immobilization	739:752	arg1	%					780:780	60.2 %	775:780	60.2 %	775:780	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	4	13	theme	immobilization	739:752	arg1	efficiency					754:763	the immobilization efficiency	735:763	the immobilization efficiency of Cd	735:769	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	7	14	theme	BC	1242:1243	arg1	Fe3					1245:1247	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1242:1253	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1242:1253	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	4	15	dep	in	714:715	arg1	situ					717:720	situ	717:720	situ	717:720	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	8	16	theme	effective	1371:1379	arg1	remediation					1389:1399	effective in situ remediation	1371:1399	effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil	1371:1413	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	5	17	theme	Cd	1051:1052	arg1	leachability					1054:1065	Cd leachability	1051:1065	Cd leachability in soil	1051:1073	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	8	18	from	Cd	1404:1405	arg1	soil					1410:1413	soil	1410:1413	soil	1410:1413	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	5	19	theme	procedures	904:913	arg1	results					871:877	The results	867:877	The results of sequential extraction procedures	867:913	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	7	20	theme	@	1244:1244	arg1	Fe3					1245:1247	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1242:1253	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1242:1253	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	5	21	from	decrease	1039:1046	arg1	leachability					1054:1065	Cd leachability	1051:1065	Cd leachability in soil	1051:1073	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	4	22	theme	test	822:825	arg1	bioaccessibility					827:842	the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility	787:842	the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility	787:842	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	3	23	theme	sedimentation	546:558	arg1	test					560:563	The sedimentation test	542:563	The sedimentation test	542:563	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	8	24	from	remediation	1389:1399	arg1	soil					1410:1413	soil	1410:1413	soil	1410:1413	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	2	25	theme	nanoparticle	403:414	arg1	nanoparticle					403:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle	370:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	370:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	25	theme	nanoparticle	403:414	arg1	composite					357:365	a composite	355:365	a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	355:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	0	26	theme	In	0:1	arg1	immobilization					8:21	In situ immobilization	0:21	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.	0:102	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	1	27	from	application	293:303	arg1	soil					326:329	soil	326:329	soil	326:329	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	2	28	theme	phosphate	393:401	arg1	Fe3					420:422	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	28	theme	phosphate	393:401	arg1	nanoparticle					403:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle	370:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	370:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	8	29	theme	in	1381:1382	arg1	remediation					1389:1399	effective in situ remediation	1371:1399	effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil	1371:1413	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	8	30	theme	Cd	1404:1405	arg1	remediation					1389:1399	effective in situ remediation	1371:1399	effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil	1371:1413	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	4	31	theme	Cd	768:769	arg1	%					780:780	60.2 %	775:780	60.2 %	775:780	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	4	31	theme	Cd	768:769	arg1	efficiency					754:763	the immobilization efficiency	735:763	the immobilization efficiency of Cd	735:769	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	2	32	dep	stability	493:501	arg1	the					489:491	the	489:491	the	489:491	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	4	33	theme	in	714:715	arg1	remediation					722:732	simulated in situ remediation	704:732	simulated in situ remediation	704:732	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	8	34	dep	in	1381:1382	arg1	situ					1384:1387	situ	1384:1387	situ	1384:1387	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	2	35	theme	carboxymethyl	454:466	arg1	cellulose					468:476	a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose	445:476	a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	445:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	3	36	theme	better	622:627	arg1	stability					629:637	better stability	622:637	better stability	622:637	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	2	37	theme	amendment	523:531	arg1	mobility					507:514	mobility	507:514	mobility	507:514	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	37	theme	amendment	523:531	arg1	stability					493:501	stability	493:501	stability	493:501	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	8	38	theme	BC	1344:1345	arg1	Fe3					1347:1349	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1344:1355	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	1344:1355	Overall, this study revealed that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 could provide effective in situ remediation of Cd in soil.
27351875	5	39	theme	organic	978:984	arg1	matter					986:991	organic matter	978:991	organic matter (OM)	978:996	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	5	39	theme	organic	978:984	arg1	OM					994:995	OM	994:995	OM	994:995	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	6	40	theme	Cd	1117:1118	arg1	uptake					1120:1125	Cd uptake	1117:1125	Cd uptake by cabbage mustard	1117:1144	Accordingly, the pot test indicated that Cd uptake by cabbage mustard was suppressed by 86.8 %.
27351875	7	41	theme	phosphate	1201:1209	arg1	nanoparticles					1211:1223	iron phosphate nanoparticles	1196:1223	iron phosphate nanoparticles	1196:1223	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	0	42	theme	cadmium	26:32	arg1	immobilization					8:21	In situ immobilization	0:21	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.	0:102	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	1	43	theme	technique	313:321	arg1	application					293:303	the application	289:303	the application of this technique in soil	289:329	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	2	44	theme	sodium	447:452	arg1	cellulose					468:476	a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose	445:476	a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	445:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	45	theme	@	419:419	arg1	Fe3					420:422	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	45	theme	@	419:419	arg1	nanoparticle					403:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle	370:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	370:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	46	from	amendment	523:531	arg1	soil					536:539	soil	536:539	soil	536:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	4	47	theme	extraction	811:820	arg1	bioaccessibility					827:842	the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility	787:842	the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility	787:842	After 28 days of simulated in situ remediation, the immobilization efficiency of Cd was 60.2 %, and the physiological-based extraction test bioaccessibility was reduced by 53.9 %.
27351875	5	48	dep	exchangeable	954:965	arg1	EX					968:969	EX	968:969	EX	968:969	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	5	49	from	leachability	1054:1065	arg1	soil					1070:1073	soil	1070:1073	soil	1070:1073	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	2	50	dep	cellulose	468:476	arg1	improve					481:487	improve	481:487	to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	478:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	3	51	theme	column	569:574	arg1	test					576:579	column test	569:579	column test	569:579	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	1	52	theme	nanoscale	122:130	arg1	amendments					142:151	nanoscale phosphate amendments	122:151	nanoscale phosphate amendments	122:151	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	3	53	theme	BC	599:600	arg1	Fe3					602:604	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	599:610	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	599:610	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	7	54	theme	cabbage	1293:1299	arg1	mustard					1301:1307	cabbage mustard	1293:1307	cabbage mustard	1293:1307	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	2	55	from	stability	493:501	arg1	soil					536:539	soil	536:539	soil	536:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	3	56	theme	@	601:601	arg1	Fe3					602:604	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	599:610	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	599:610	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	1	57	theme	phosphate	132:140	arg1	amendments					142:151	nanoscale phosphate amendments	122:151	nanoscale phosphate amendments	122:151	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	1	58	theme	strong	230:235	arg1	tendency					237:244	the strong tendency	226:244	the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates	226:280	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
27351875	6	59	theme	pot	1093:1095	arg1	test					1097:1100	the pot test	1089:1100	the pot test	1089:1100	Accordingly, the pot test indicated that Cd uptake by cabbage mustard was suppressed by 86.8 %.
27351875	7	60	theme	iron	1196:1199	arg1	nanoparticles					1211:1223	iron phosphate nanoparticles	1196:1223	iron phosphate nanoparticles	1196:1223	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	5	61	theme	exchangeable	954:965	arg1	Cd					972:973	exchangeable (EX) Cd	954:973	exchangeable (EX) Cd	954:973	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	5	62	theme	extraction	893:902	arg1	procedures					904:913	sequential extraction procedures	882:913	sequential extraction procedures	882:913	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	5	63	theme	sequential	882:891	arg1	procedures					904:913	sequential extraction procedures	882:913	sequential extraction procedures	882:913	The results of sequential extraction procedures indicated that the transformation from exchangeable (EX) Cd to organic matter (OM) and residue (RS) was responsible for the decrease in Cd leachability in soil.
27351875	0	64	theme	biochar-supported	56:72	arg1	nanoparticles					89:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	2	65	from	mobility	507:514	arg1	soil					536:539	soil	536:539	soil	536:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	7	66	theme	Fe3	1245:1247	arg1	addition					1230:1237	the addition	1226:1237	the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil	1226:1261	Compared to tests using iron phosphate nanoparticles, the addition of BC@Fe3(PO4)2 to soil could reduce the Fe uptake of cabbage mustard.
27351875	2	67	theme	iron	388:391	arg1	Fe3					420:422	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	67	theme	iron	388:391	arg1	nanoparticle					403:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle	370:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	370:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	68	from	soil	536:539	arg1	mobility					507:514	mobility	507:514	mobility	507:514	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	68	from	soil	536:539	arg1	stability					493:501	stability	493:501	stability	493:501	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	0	69	theme	stabilized	45:54	arg1	nanoparticles					89:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles	45:101	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	3	70	theme	iron	657:660	arg1	nanoparticles					672:684	iron phosphate nanoparticles	657:684	iron phosphate nanoparticles	657:684	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	0	71	dep	In	0:1	arg1	situ					3:6	situ	3:6	situ	3:6	In situ immobilization of cadmium in soil by stabilized biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	3	72	theme	phosphate	662:670	arg1	nanoparticles					672:684	iron phosphate nanoparticles	657:684	iron phosphate nanoparticles	657:684	The sedimentation test and column test demonstrated that BC@Fe3(PO4)2 exhibited better stability and mobility than iron phosphate nanoparticles.
27351875	2	73	theme	biochar-supported	370:386	arg1	Fe3					420:422	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	BC@Fe3(PO4)2	417:428	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	2	73	theme	biochar-supported	370:386	arg1	nanoparticle					403:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle	370:414	biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil	370:539	This study synthesized a composite of biochar-supported iron phosphate nanoparticle (BC@Fe3(PO4)2) stabilized by a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to improve the stability and mobility of the amendment in soil.
27351875	1	74	theme	nanoparticles	249:261	arg1	tendency					237:244	the strong tendency	226:244	the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates	226:280	The potential for nanoscale phosphate amendments to remediate heavy metal contamination has been widely investigated, but the strong tendency of nanoparticles to form aggregates limits the application of this technique in soil.
26231105	0	0	theme	one-step	84:91	arg1	method					103:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
26231105	5	1	used	used	914:917	arg2	doxorubicin					892:902	doxorubicin	892:902	doxorubicin (DOX)	892:908	In addition, doxorubicin (DOX) was used to investigate the entrapment efficiency and release pattern in NPs.
26231105	5	1	used	used	914:917	arg2	DOX					905:907	DOX	905:907	DOX	905:907	In addition, doxorubicin (DOX) was used to investigate the entrapment efficiency and release pattern in NPs.
26231105	1	2	theme	quaternized	158:168	arg1	QC					180:181	QC	180:181	QC	180:181	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	2	theme	quaternized	158:168	arg1	chitosan					170:177	quaternized chitosan	158:177	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC)	158:225	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	3	theme	electrostatic	322:334	arg1	interactions					336:347	electrostatic interactions	322:347	electrostatic interactions	322:347	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	7	4	theme	REC	1225:1227	arg1	addition					1213:1220	the addition	1209:1220	the addition	1209:1220	The results also exhibited that the drug release in simulated gastric fluid reduced apparently with the addition of REC, which could ensure more DOX released in intestines.
26231105	2	5	theme	electron	491:498	arg1	TEM					512:514	TEM	512:514	TEM	512:514	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	2	5	theme	electron	491:498	arg1	microscopy					500:509	transmission electron microscopy	478:509	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	478:515	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	4	6	from	REC	784:786	arg1	NPs					791:793	NPs	791:793	NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	791:876	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	7	7	from	release	1150:1156	arg1	fluid					1179:1183	simulated gastric fluid	1161:1183	simulated gastric fluid	1161:1183	The results also exhibited that the drug release in simulated gastric fluid reduced apparently with the addition of REC, which could ensure more DOX released in intestines.
26231105	6	8	theme	encapsulation	1052:1064	arg1	EE					1078:1079	EE	1078:1079	EE	1078:1079	It turned out to be that the addition of REC could increase the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC).
26231105	6	8	theme	encapsulation	1052:1064	arg1	efficiency					1066:1075	the encapsulation efficiency	1048:1075	the encapsulation efficiency (EE)	1048:1080	It turned out to be that the addition of REC could increase the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC).
26231105	2	9	theme	transmission	478:489	arg1	TEM					512:514	TEM	512:514	TEM	512:514	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	2	9	theme	transmission	478:489	arg1	microscopy					500:509	transmission electron microscopy	478:509	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	478:515	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	7	10	theme	simulated	1161:1169	arg1	fluid					1179:1183	simulated gastric fluid	1161:1183	simulated gastric fluid	1161:1183	The results also exhibited that the drug release in simulated gastric fluid reduced apparently with the addition of REC, which could ensure more DOX released in intestines.
26231105	1	11	theme	chitosan	170:177	arg1	BSA					206:208	BSA	206:208	BSA	206:208	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	11	theme	chitosan	170:177	arg1	albumin					197:203	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin	158:203	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC)	158:225	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	5	12	from	pattern	972:978	arg1	NPs					983:985	NPs	983:985	NPs	983:985	In addition, doxorubicin (DOX) was used to investigate the entrapment efficiency and release pattern in NPs.
26231105	3	13	theme	REC	665:667	arg1	structure					652:660	the intercalated structure	635:660	the intercalated structure of REC	635:667	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	2	14	theme	laser	451:455	arg1	DLS					469:471	DLS	469:471	DLS	469:471	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	2	14	theme	laser	451:455	arg1	scattering					457:466	dynamic laser scattering	443:466	dynamic laser scattering (DLS)	443:472	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	2	15	theme	NPs	374:376	arg1	diameter					362:369	The average diameter	350:369	The average diameter of NPs	350:376	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	7	16	theme	gastric	1171:1177	arg1	fluid					1179:1183	simulated gastric fluid	1161:1183	simulated gastric fluid	1161:1183	The results also exhibited that the drug release in simulated gastric fluid reduced apparently with the addition of REC, which could ensure more DOX released in intestines.
26231105	3	17	theme	small	533:537	arg1	diffraction					551:561	small angle X-ray diffraction	533:561	small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD)	533:569	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	17	theme	small	533:537	arg1	SAXRD					564:568	SAXRD	564:568	SAXRD	564:568	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	17	theme	small	533:537	arg1	SAED					611:614	SAED	611:614	SAED	611:614	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	0	18	theme	nanoparticles	35:47	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.	0:109	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
26231105	3	19	theme	REC	703:705	arg1	addition					691:698	the addition	687:698	the addition of REC	687:705	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	6	20	theme	loading	1086:1092	arg1	capacity					1094:1101	loading capacity	1086:1101	loading capacity (LC)	1086:1106	It turned out to be that the addition of REC could increase the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC).
26231105	6	20	theme	loading	1086:1092	arg1	LC					1104:1105	LC	1104:1105	LC	1104:1105	It turned out to be that the addition of REC could increase the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC).
26231105	4	21	dep	fourier	800:806	arg1	transform					808:816	transform	808:816	transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	808:876	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	1	22	theme	/bovine	183:189	arg1	BSA					206:208	BSA	206:208	BSA	206:208	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	22	theme	/bovine	183:189	arg1	albumin					197:203	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin	158:203	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC)	158:225	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	2	23	theme	REC	410:412	arg1	accretion					397:405	the accretion	393:405	the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	393:515	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	3	24	theme	diffraction	598:608	arg1	results					522:528	The results	518:528	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED)	518:615	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	7	25	theme	more	1249:1252	arg1	DOX					1254:1256	more DOX	1249:1256	more DOX released in intestines	1249:1279	The results also exhibited that the drug release in simulated gastric fluid reduced apparently with the addition of REC, which could ensure more DOX released in intestines.
26231105	1	26	theme	serum	191:195	arg1	BSA					206:208	BSA	206:208	BSA	206:208	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	26	theme	serum	191:195	arg1	albumin					197:203	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin	158:203	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC)	158:225	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	0	27	theme	drug	53:56	arg1	delivery					58:65	drug delivery	53:65	drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method	53:108	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
26231105	4	28	theme	photoelectron	845:857	arg1	spectroscopy					859:870	infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	818:870	spectroscopy	859:870	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	7	29	theme	drug	1145:1148	arg1	release					1150:1156	the drug release	1141:1156	the drug release in simulated gastric fluid	1141:1183	The results also exhibited that the drug release in simulated gastric fluid reduced apparently with the addition of REC, which could ensure more DOX released in intestines.
26231105	3	30	theme	diffraction	551:561	arg1	results					522:528	The results	518:528	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED)	518:615	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	1	31	theme	albumin	197:203	arg1	/rectorite					210:219	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite	158:219	quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC)	158:225	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	31	theme	albumin	197:203	arg1	REC					222:224	REC	222:224	REC	222:224	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	2	32	theme	dynamic	443:449	arg1	DLS					469:471	DLS	469:471	DLS	469:471	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	2	32	theme	dynamic	443:449	arg1	scattering					457:466	dynamic laser scattering	443:466	dynamic laser scattering (DLS)	443:472	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	1	33	theme	BSA	269:271	arg1	solution					273:280	BSA solution	269:280	BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution	269:316	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	4	34	theme	X-ray	839:843	arg1	spectroscopy					859:870	infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	818:870	spectroscopy	859:870	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	3	35	theme	area	584:587	arg1	diffraction					598:608	selected area electron diffraction	575:608	selected area electron diffraction	575:608	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	4	36	theme	infrared	818:825	arg1	XPS					873:875	XPS	873:875	XPS	873:875	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	4	36	theme	infrared	818:825	arg1	FT-IR					828:832	infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	818:870	FT-IR	828:832	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	3	37	theme	electron	589:596	arg1	diffraction					598:608	selected area electron diffraction	575:608	selected area electron diffraction	575:608	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	38	theme	angle	539:543	arg1	diffraction					551:561	small angle X-ray diffraction	533:561	small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD)	533:569	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	38	theme	angle	539:543	arg1	SAXRD					564:568	SAXRD	564:568	SAXRD	564:568	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	38	theme	angle	539:543	arg1	SAED					611:614	SAED	611:614	SAED	611:614	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	4	39	from	QC	777:778	arg1	NPs					791:793	NPs	791:793	NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	791:876	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	1	40	theme	composite	115:123	arg1	NPs					140:142	NPs	140:142	NPs	140:142	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	1	40	theme	composite	115:123	arg1	nanoparticles					125:137	The composite nanoparticles	111:137	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC)	111:225	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	3	41	theme	intercalated	639:650	arg1	structure					652:660	the intercalated structure	635:660	the intercalated structure of REC	635:667	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	42	theme	X-ray	545:549	arg1	diffraction					551:561	small angle X-ray diffraction	533:561	small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD)	533:569	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	42	theme	X-ray	545:549	arg1	SAXRD					564:568	SAXRD	564:568	SAXRD	564:568	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	3	42	theme	X-ray	545:549	arg1	SAED					611:614	SAED	611:614	SAED	611:614	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	1	43	theme	QC-REC	287:292	arg1	solution					309:316	QC-REC nanocomposites solution	287:316	QC-REC nanocomposites solution	287:316	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	5	44	theme	entrapment	938:947	arg1	efficiency					949:958	the entrapment efficiency	934:958	the entrapment efficiency	934:958	In addition, doxorubicin (DOX) was used to investigate the entrapment efficiency and release pattern in NPs.
26231105	3	45	theme	selected	575:582	arg1	diffraction					598:608	selected area electron diffraction	575:608	selected area electron diffraction	575:608	The results of small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) demonstrated that the intercalated structure of REC was enlarged with the addition of REC.
26231105	4	46	with	NPs	791:793	arg1	fourier					800:806	fourier	800:806	fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	800:876	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	0	47	theme	green	74:78	arg1	method					103:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
26231105	0	48	with	delivery	58:65	arg1	method					103:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
26231105	2	49	theme	average	354:360	arg1	diameter					362:369	The average diameter	350:369	The average diameter of NPs	350:376	The average diameter of NPs increased with the accretion of REC, which was demonstrated with dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
26231105	4	50	dep	proved	728:733	arg1	can					720:722	can	720:722	can	720:722	Besides, it can was proved that the interaction had occurred between QC and REC in NPs with fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26231105	6	51	theme	REC	1029:1031	arg1	addition					1017:1024	the addition	1013:1024	the addition of REC	1013:1031	It turned out to be that the addition of REC could increase the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC).
26231105	1	52	theme	nanocomposites	294:307	arg1	solution					309:316	QC-REC nanocomposites solution	287:316	QC-REC nanocomposites solution	287:316	The composite nanoparticles (NPs) consisted of quaternized chitosan (QC)/bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rectorite (REC) were prepared successfully just by adding BSA solution into QC-REC nanocomposites solution via electrostatic interactions.
26231105	0	53	theme	rectorite-contained	15:33	arg1	nanoparticles					35:47	rectorite-contained nanoparticles	15:47	rectorite-contained nanoparticles	15:47	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
26231105	0	54	theme	synthesis	93:101	arg1	method					103:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	a green and one-step synthesis method	72:108	Fabrication of rectorite-contained nanoparticles for drug delivery with a green and one-step synthesis method.
27789339	0	0	theme	cells	156:160	arg1	tracking					65:72	cell tracking	60:72	cell tracking	60:72	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	0	0	theme	cells	156:160	arg1	chondrogenesis					86:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	0	1	theme	acid	177:180	arg1	composite					191:199	hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite	166:199	hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite	166:199	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	11	2	theme	experimental	1575:1586	arg1	knees					1588:1592	experimental knees	1575:1592	experimental knees	1575:1592	Histological scores also revealed that cartilage repair in experimental knees was better than that in control knees.
27789339	12	3	with	analysis	1653:1660	arg1	antibody					1686:1693	anti-human nuclear antibody	1667:1693	anti-human nuclear antibody	1667:1693	Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody confirmed that the transplanted MSCs disappeared gradually over time.
27789339	0	4	theme	composite	191:199	arg1	tracking					65:72	cell tracking	60:72	cell tracking	60:72	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	0	4	theme	composite	191:199	arg1	chondrogenesis					86:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	4	5	theme	knees	849:853	arg1	grooves					834:840	the trochlear grooves	820:840	the trochlear grooves of the knees	820:853	DESIGN Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear grooves of the knees.
27789339	3	6	from	defects	657:663	arg1	model					677:681	a rabbit model	668:681	a rabbit model	668:681	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	3	7	theme	transplanted	709:720	arg1	cells					722:726	the transplanted cells	705:726	the transplanted cells	705:726	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	8	8	theme	gross	1178:1182	arg1	analysis					1222:1229	gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1178:1229	gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1178:1229	The repair tissues were evaluated by gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
27789339	1	9	link	blood-derived	233:245	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	9	link	blood-derived	233:245	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	8	10	theme	histological	1185:1196	arg1	analysis					1222:1229	gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1178:1229	gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1178:1229	The repair tissues were evaluated by gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
27789339	12	11	theme	Immunohistochemical	1633:1651	arg1	analysis					1653:1660	Immunohistochemical analysis	1633:1660	Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody	1633:1693	Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody confirmed that the transplanted MSCs disappeared gradually over time.
27789339	0	12	theme	umbilical	110:118	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	1	13	theme	Human	212:216	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	13	theme	Human	212:216	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	8	14	theme	immunohistochemical	1202:1220	arg1	analysis					1222:1229	gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1178:1229	gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1178:1229	The repair tissues were evaluated by gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
27789339	2	15	from	well-understood	478:492	arg1	addition					422:429	addition	422:429	addition	422:429	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	0	16	theme	blood-derived	125:137	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	1	17	theme	cord	228:231	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	17	theme	cord	228:231	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	13	18	theme	cartilage	1825:1833	arg1	repair					1835:1840	cartilage repair	1825:1840	cartilage repair	1825:1840	CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
27789339	0	19	theme	stem	151:154	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	9	20	theme	HA	1268:1269	arg1	composite					1271:1279	HA composite	1268:1279	HA composite	1268:1279	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	5	21	theme	knees	936:940	arg1	defect					913:918	the defect	909:918	the defect of experimental knees	909:940	The hUCB-MSCs and HA composite was transplanted into the defect of experimental knees.
27789339	1	22	theme	regenerative	336:347	arg1	medicine					349:356	regenerative medicine	336:356	regenerative medicine	336:356	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	3	23	theme	hydrogel	608:615	arg1	composite					617:625	hydrogel composite	608:625	hydrogel composite	608:625	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	2	24	from	roles	436:440	arg1	repair					463:468	cartilage repair	453:468	cartilage repair	453:468	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	11	25	theme	cartilage	1555:1563	arg1	repair					1565:1570	cartilage repair	1555:1570	cartilage repair in experimental knees	1555:1592	Histological scores also revealed that cartilage repair in experimental knees was better than that in control knees.
27789339	9	26	theme	cartilage	1310:1318	arg1	tissue					1327:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue	1293:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality	1293:1352	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	0	27	theme	in vivo	78:84	arg1	chondrogenesis					86:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	1	28	theme	limited	363:369	arg1	studies					379:385	limited in vivo studies	363:385	limited in vivo studies	363:385	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	12	29	theme	transplanted	1714:1725	arg1	MSCs					1727:1730	the transplanted MSCs	1710:1730	the transplanted MSCs	1710:1730	Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody confirmed that the transplanted MSCs disappeared gradually over time.
27789339	10	30	theme	cartilage	1498:1506	arg1	tissue					1508:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	4	31	theme	Osteochondral	782:794	arg1	defects					796:802	DESIGN Osteochondral defects	775:802	DESIGN Osteochondral defects	775:802	DESIGN Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear grooves of the knees.
27789339	9	32	theme	better	1339:1344	arg1	quality					1346:1352	better quality	1339:1352	better quality	1339:1352	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	10	33	theme	normal	1481:1486	arg1	tissue					1508:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	0	34	theme	Single-stage	0:11	arg1	repair					34:39	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair	0:39	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.	0:200	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	0	35	theme	cartilage	24:32	arg1	repair					34:39	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair	0:39	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.	0:200	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	4	36	theme	trochlear	824:832	arg1	grooves					834:840	the trochlear grooves	820:840	the trochlear grooves of the knees	820:853	DESIGN Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear grooves of the knees.
27789339	13	37	theme	important	1934:1942	arg1	role					1944:1947	an important role	1931:1947	an important role	1931:1947	CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
27789339	9	38	theme	no	1371:1372	arg1	treatment					1374:1382	no treatment	1371:1382	no treatment	1371:1382	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	1	39	theme	promising	310:318	arg1	source					325:330	a promising cell source	308:330	a promising cell source for regenerative medicine	308:356	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	39	theme	promising	310:318	arg1	popularity					294:303	popularity	294:303	popularity	294:303	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	3	40	theme	articular	637:645	arg1	defects					657:663	repair articular cartilage defects	630:663	repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model	630:681	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	7	41	theme	cells	1134:1138	arg1	fate					1113:1116	the fate	1109:1116	the fate of transplanted cells	1109:1138	Animals were sacrificed at 8 and 16 weeks post-transplantation and additionally at 2 and 4 weeks to evaluate the fate of transplanted cells.
27789339	9	42	theme	overall	1293:1299	arg1	tissue					1327:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue	1293:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality	1293:1352	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	11	43	theme	control	1618:1624	arg1	knees					1626:1630	control knees	1618:1630	control knees	1618:1630	Histological scores also revealed that cartilage repair in experimental knees was better than that in control knees.
27789339	1	44	theme	blood-derived	233:245	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	44	theme	blood-derived	233:245	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	2	45	from	addition	422:429	arg1	well-understood					478:492	well-understood	478:492	well-understood	478:492	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	2	45	from	addition	422:429	arg1	roles					436:440	the roles	432:440	the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair	432:468	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	3	46	theme	study	515:519	arg1	purpose					499:505	The purpose	495:505	The purpose of this study	495:519	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	1	47	theme	stem	259:262	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	47	theme	stem	259:262	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	13	48	dep	hUCB-MSCs	1790:1798	arg1	composite					1807:1815	composite	1807:1815	composite	1807:1815	CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
27789339	13	49	theme	paracrine	1905:1913	arg1	action					1915:1920	paracrine action	1905:1920	paracrine action	1905:1920	CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
27789339	0	50	theme	hydrogel	182:189	arg1	composite					191:199	hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite	166:199	hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite	166:199	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	10	51	from	weeks	1438:1442	arg1	architecture					1394:1405	Cellular architecture	1385:1405	Cellular architecture	1385:1405	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	10	51	from	weeks	1438:1442	arg1	arrangement					1420:1430	collagen arrangement	1411:1430	collagen arrangement	1411:1430	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	10	52	theme	collagen	1411:1418	arg1	arrangement					1420:1430	collagen arrangement	1411:1430	collagen arrangement	1411:1430	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	8	53	theme	repair	1145:1150	arg1	tissues					1152:1158	The repair tissues	1141:1158	The repair tissues	1141:1158	The repair tissues were evaluated by gross, histological and immunohistochemical analysis.
27789339	13	54	theme	host	1881:1884	arg1	cells					1886:1890	host cells	1881:1890	host cells	1881:1890	CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
27789339	0	55	theme	rabbit	46:51	arg1	model					53:57	a rabbit model	44:57	a rabbit model	44:57	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	5	56	theme	HA	874:875	arg1	composite					877:885	HA composite	874:885	HA composite	874:885	The hUCB-MSCs and HA composite was transplanted into the defect of experimental knees.
27789339	3	57	theme	defect	762:767	arg1	site					769:772	the defect site	758:772	the defect site	758:772	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	0	58	theme	cord	120:123	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	1	59	theme	OBJECTIVE	202:210	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	59	theme	OBJECTIVE	202:210	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	12	60	theme	anti-human	1667:1676	arg1	antibody					1686:1693	anti-human nuclear antibody	1667:1693	anti-human nuclear antibody	1667:1693	Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody confirmed that the transplanted MSCs disappeared gradually over time.
27789339	0	61	theme	mesenchymal	139:149	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	1	62	theme	cartilage	401:409	arg1	repair					411:416	cartilage repair	401:416	cartilage repair	401:416	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	63	theme	umbilical	218:226	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	63	theme	umbilical	218:226	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	7	64	theme	weeks	1036:1040	arg1	post-transplantation					1042:1061	8 and 16 weeks post-transplantation	1027:1061	8 and 16 weeks post-transplantation	1027:1061	Animals were sacrificed at 8 and 16 weeks post-transplantation and additionally at 2 and 4 weeks to evaluate the fate of transplanted cells.
27789339	3	65	theme	hyaluronic	587:596	arg1	HA					604:605	HA	604:605	HA	604:605	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	3	65	theme	hyaluronic	587:596	arg1	acid					598:601	hyaluronic acid	587:601	hyaluronic acid (HA)	587:606	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	6	66	theme	Control	943:949	arg1	knees					951:955	Control knees	943:955	Control knees	943:955	Control knees were transplanted by HA or left untreated.
27789339	11	67	theme	Histological	1516:1527	arg1	scores					1529:1534	Histological scores	1516:1534	Histological scores	1516:1534	Histological scores also revealed that cartilage repair in experimental knees was better than that in control knees.
27789339	0	68	theme	hyaluronic	166:175	arg1	composite					191:199	hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite	166:199	hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite	166:199	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	5	69	theme	experimental	923:934	arg1	knees					936:940	experimental knees	923:940	experimental knees	923:940	The hUCB-MSCs and HA composite was transplanted into the defect of experimental knees.
27789339	9	70	with	tissue	1327:1332	arg1	quality					1346:1352	better quality	1339:1352	better quality	1339:1352	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	0	71	theme	cell	60:63	arg1	tracking					65:72	cell tracking	60:72	cell tracking	60:72	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	11	72	from	repair	1565:1570	arg1	knees					1588:1592	experimental knees	1575:1592	experimental knees	1575:1592	Histological scores also revealed that cartilage repair in experimental knees was better than that in control knees.
27789339	0	73	from	repair	34:39	arg1	model					53:57	a rabbit model	44:57	a rabbit model	44:57	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	9	74	theme	superior	1301:1308	arg1	tissue					1327:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue	1293:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality	1293:1352	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	3	75	dep	hUCB-MSCs	573:581	arg1	composite					617:625	hydrogel composite	608:625	hydrogel composite	608:625	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	9	76	theme	repair	1320:1325	arg1	tissue					1327:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue	1293:1332	overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality	1293:1352	RESULTS Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite resulted in overall superior cartilage repair tissue with better quality than HA alone or no treatment.
27789339	0	77	theme	human	104:108	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	1	78	theme	in vivo	371:377	arg1	studies					379:385	limited in vivo studies	363:385	limited in vivo studies	363:385	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	0	79	link	blood-derived	125:137	arg1	cells					156:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	104:160	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	10	80	theme	articular	1488:1496	arg1	tissue					1508:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	4	81	theme	DESIGN	775:780	arg1	defects					796:802	DESIGN Osteochondral defects	775:802	DESIGN Osteochondral defects	775:802	DESIGN Osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear grooves of the knees.
27789339	13	82	theme	cartilage	1952:1960	arg1	repair					1962:1967	cartilage repair	1952:1967	cartilage repair	1952:1967	CONCLUSION Transplanting hUCB-MSCs and HA composite promote cartilage repair and interactions between hUCB-MSCs and host cells initiated by paracrine action may play an important role in cartilage repair.
27789339	0	83	theme	cell-based	13:22	arg1	repair					34:39	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair	0:39	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.	0:200	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	2	84	theme	MSCs	445:448	arg1	roles					436:440	the roles	432:440	the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair	432:468	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	2	84	theme	MSCs	445:448	arg1	well-understood					478:492	well-understood	478:492	well-understood	478:492	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	10	85	theme	surrounding	1469:1479	arg1	tissue					1508:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue	1469:1513	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	12	86	theme	nuclear	1678:1684	arg1	antibody					1686:1693	anti-human nuclear antibody	1667:1693	anti-human nuclear antibody	1667:1693	Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-human nuclear antibody confirmed that the transplanted MSCs disappeared gradually over time.
27789339	3	87	theme	cartilage	647:655	arg1	defects					657:663	repair articular cartilage defects	630:663	repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model	630:681	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	3	88	theme	repair	630:635	arg1	defects					657:663	repair articular cartilage defects	630:663	repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model	630:681	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	7	89	theme	transplanted	1121:1132	arg1	cells					1134:1138	transplanted cells	1121:1138	transplanted cells	1121:1138	Animals were sacrificed at 8 and 16 weeks post-transplantation and additionally at 2 and 4 weeks to evaluate the fate of transplanted cells.
27789339	1	90	theme	cell	320:323	arg1	source					325:330	a promising cell source	308:330	a promising cell source for regenerative medicine	308:356	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	90	theme	cell	320:323	arg1	popularity					294:303	popularity	294:303	popularity	294:303	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	2	91	theme	cartilage	453:461	arg1	repair					463:468	cartilage repair	453:468	cartilage repair	453:468	In addition, the roles of MSCs in cartilage repair are not well-understood.
27789339	3	92	theme	rabbit	670:675	arg1	model					677:681	a rabbit model	668:681	a rabbit model	668:681	The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of transplanting hUCB-MSCs and hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel composite to repair articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model and determine whether the transplanted cells persisted or disappeared from the defect site.
27789339	0	93	dep	repair	34:39	arg1	tracking					65:72	cell tracking	60:72	cell tracking	60:72	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	0	93	dep	repair	34:39	arg1	chondrogenesis					86:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	in vivo chondrogenesis	78:99	Single-stage cell-based cartilage repair in a rabbit model: cell tracking and in vivo chondrogenesis of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid hydrogel composite.
27789339	10	94	theme	Cellular	1385:1392	arg1	architecture					1394:1405	Cellular architecture	1385:1405	Cellular architecture	1385:1405	Cellular architecture and collagen arrangement at 16 weeks were similar to those of surrounding normal articular cartilage tissue.
27789339	1	95	theme	mesenchymal	247:257	arg1	hUCB-MSCs					271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	hUCB-MSCs	271:279	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
27789339	1	95	theme	mesenchymal	247:257	arg1	cells					264:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	202:268	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs)	202:280	OBJECTIVE Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) have gained popularity as a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, but limited in vivo studies have reported cartilage repair.
26927391	4	0	theme	Agrobacterium-mediated	918:939	arg1	transformation					941:954	Agrobacterium-mediated transformation	918:954	Agrobacterium-mediated transformation	918:954	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	1	from	effect	574:579	arg1	content					651:657	β-glucan content	642:657	β-glucan content	642:657	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	3	1	from	effect	574:579	arg1	composition					669:679	grain composition	663:679	grain composition	663:679	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	7	2	theme	-β-glucanase	1291:1302	arg1	Meanwhile					1252:1260	Meanwhile	1252:1260	Meanwhile	1252:1260	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	7	2	theme	-β-glucanase	1291:1302	arg1	over-expression					1263:1277	over-expression	1263:1277	over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	1263:1302	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	8	3	theme	EII	1472:1474	arg1	expression					1436:1445	the expression	1432:1445	the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII	1432:1474	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	0	4	theme	barley	142:147	arg1	grains					149:154	barley grains	142:154	barley grains	142:154	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	8	5	theme	apparent	1526:1533	arg1	effects					1543:1549	no apparent harmful effects	1523:1549	no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants	1523:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	4	6	theme	HvGlb2	735:740	arg1	cDNA					742:745	full-length HvGlb2 cDNA	723:745	full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	723:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	7	theme	endogenous	606:615	arg1	-β-glucanase					626:637	an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	603:637	an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	603:637	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	6	8	theme	Total	1139:1143	arg1	content					1154:1160	Total β-glucan content	1139:1160	Total β-glucan content	1139:1160	Total β-glucan content was reduced by more than 95.73% in transgenic grains compared with the wild-type control.
26927391	5	9	theme	lines	1071:1075	arg1	generation					1031:1040	The T2 generation	1024:1040	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1024:1075	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	3	10	theme	-β-glucanase	626:637	arg1	over-expression					584:598	over-expression	584:598	over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	584:637	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	5	11	dep	1,3	1107:1109	arg1	1,4					1111:1113	1,4	1111:1113	1,4	1111:1113	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	8	12	theme	grain	1554:1558	arg1	quality					1560:1566	grain quality	1554:1566	grain quality of transgenic plants	1554:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	7	13	from	increase	1314:1321	arg1	weight					1337:1342	1000-grain weight	1326:1342	1000-grain weight	1326:1342	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	1	14	theme	BACKGROUND	157:166	arg1	factor					252:257	an undesirable factor	237:257	an undesirable factor affecting malting potential	237:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	14	theme	BACKGROUND	157:166	arg1	content					173:179	BACKGROUND High content	157:179	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains	157:220	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	8	15	theme	plants	1582:1587	arg1	quality					1560:1566	grain quality	1554:1566	grain quality of transgenic plants	1554:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	4	16	dep	RESULTS	692:698	arg1	construct					702:710	A construct	700:710	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	692:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	17	theme	β-glucan	642:649	arg1	content					651:657	β-glucan content	642:657	β-glucan content	642:657	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	4	18	theme	isoenzyme	785:793	arg1	EII					795:797	barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII	756:797	barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII	756:797	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	0	19	theme	increased	116:124	arg1	level					133:137	increased starch level	116:137	increased starch level	116:137	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	4	20	theme	D-Hordein	841:849	arg1	Hor3-1					856:861	barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	834:861	barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	834:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	0	21	theme	isoenzyme	43:51	arg1	EII					53:55	-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII	28:55	(1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene	19:60	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	8	22	dep	EII	1472:1474	arg1	1,3					1451:1453	1,3	1451:1453	1,3;1,4	1451:1457	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	8	23	theme	transgenic	1571:1580	arg1	plants					1582:1587	transgenic plants	1571:1587	transgenic plants	1571:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	4	24	theme	Hor3-1	856:861	arg1	promoter					822:829	a promoter	820:829	a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	820:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	0	25	theme	gene	57:60	arg1	Over-expression					0:14	Over-expression	0:14	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene	0:60	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	3	26	dep	-β-glucanase	626:637	arg1	1,3					618:620	1,3	618:620	1,3;1,4	618:624	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	0	27	theme	-β-D-glucan	92:102	arg1	content					104:110	decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content	73:110	decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content	73:110	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	6	28	theme	wild-type	1233:1241	arg1	control					1243:1249	the wild-type control	1229:1249	the wild-type control	1229:1249	Total β-glucan content was reduced by more than 95.73% in transgenic grains compared with the wild-type control.
26927391	1	29	theme	brewing	288:294	arg1	yield					296:300	brewing yield	288:300	brewing yield	288:300	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	29	theme	brewing	288:294	arg1	factor					252:257	an undesirable factor	237:257	an undesirable factor affecting malting potential	237:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	8	30	theme	-β-glucanase	1459:1470	arg1	EII					1472:1474	(1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII	1450:1474	(1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII	1450:1474	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	2	31	theme	-β-glucanase	370:381	arg1	Production					324:333	Production	324:333	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	324:472	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	2	32	theme	exogenous	432:440	arg1	-β-glucanase					461:472	exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	432:472	exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	432:472	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	1	33	theme	barley	208:213	arg1	grains					215:220	barley grains	208:220	barley grains	208:220	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	0	34	dep	gene	57:60	arg1	1,3					20:22	1,3	20:22	1,3;1,4	20:26	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	5	35	theme	increased	1084:1092	arg1	activity					1094:1101	increased activity	1084:1101	increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains	1084:1136	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	0	36	from	level	133:137	arg1	grains					149:154	barley grains	142:154	barley grains	142:154	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	8	37	from	effects	1543:1549	arg1	quality					1560:1566	grain quality	1554:1566	grain quality of transgenic plants	1554:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	2	38	theme	bacterial	351:359	arg1	-β-glucanase					370:381	thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	338:381	thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	338:381	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	4	39	dep	1,3	764:766	arg1	1,4					768:770	1,4	768:770	1,3;1,4	764:770	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	5	40	theme	proHor3	1045:1051	arg1	lines					1071:1075	proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1045:1075	proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1045:1075	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	2	41	dep	1,3	453:455	arg1	1,4					457:459	1,4	457:459	1,3;1,4	453:459	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	7	42	theme	elevated	1367:1374	arg1	amounts					1376:1382	elevated amounts	1367:1382	elevated amounts of starch in the grain	1367:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	7	42	theme	elevated	1367:1374	arg1	starch					1387:1392	starch	1387:1392	starch in the grain	1387:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	7	43	from	starch	1387:1392	arg1	grain					1401:1405	the grain	1397:1405	the grain	1397:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	4	44	theme	barley	883:888	arg1	Promise					906:912	barley cultivar Golden Promise	883:912	barley cultivar Golden Promise	883:912	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	45	from	composition	669:679	arg1	barley					684:689	barley	684:689	barley	684:689	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	3	46	theme	present	537:543	arg1	study					545:549	the present study	533:549	the present study	533:549	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	2	47	dep	1,3	362:364	arg1	1,4					366:368	1,4	366:368	1,3;1,4	362:368	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	4	48	dep	barley	756:761	arg1	1,3					764:766	1,3	764:766	1,3;1,4	764:770	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	49	dep	1,3	618:620	arg1	1,4					622:624	1,4	622:624	1,3;1,4	618:624	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	5	50	from	activity	1094:1101	arg1	grains					1131:1136	grains	1131:1136	grains	1131:1136	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	9	51	theme	Chemical	1608:1615	arg1	Industry					1617:1624	Chemical Industry	1608:1624	Chemical Industry	1608:1624	© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
26927391	2	52	theme	thermostable	338:349	arg1	-β-glucanase					370:381	thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	338:381	thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	338:381	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	5	53	theme	-β-glucanase	1115:1126	arg1	activity					1094:1101	increased activity	1084:1101	increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains	1084:1136	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	2	54	theme	transgenic	386:395	arg1	grain					404:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	5	55	theme	T2	1028:1029	arg1	generation					1031:1040	The T2 generation	1024:1040	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1024:1075	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	7	56	theme	1000-grain	1326:1335	arg1	weight					1337:1342	1000-grain weight	1326:1342	1000-grain weight	1326:1342	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	4	57	theme	barley	756:761	arg1	EII					795:797	barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII	756:797	barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII	756:797	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	58	theme	over-expression	584:598	arg1	effect					574:579	the effect	570:579	the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley	570:689	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	1	59	theme	-β-d-glucan	193:203	arg1	factor					252:257	an undesirable factor	237:257	an undesirable factor affecting malting potential	237:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	59	theme	-β-d-glucan	193:203	arg1	content					173:179	BACKGROUND High content	157:179	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains	157:220	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	7	60	from	amounts	1376:1382	arg1	grain					1401:1405	the grain	1397:1405	the grain	1397:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	0	61	from	content	104:110	arg1	grains					149:154	barley grains	142:154	barley grains	142:154	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	6	62	theme	β-glucan	1145:1152	arg1	content					1154:1160	Total β-glucan content	1139:1160	Total β-glucan content	1139:1160	Total β-glucan content was reduced by more than 95.73% in transgenic grains compared with the wild-type control.
26927391	2	63	dep	-β-glucanase	461:472	arg1	1,3					453:455	1,3	453:455	1,3;1,4	453:459	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	4	64	theme	full-length	723:733	arg1	cDNA					742:745	full-length HvGlb2 cDNA	723:745	full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	723:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	1	65	theme	undesirable	240:250	arg1	yield					296:300	brewing yield	288:300	brewing yield	288:300	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	65	theme	undesirable	240:250	arg1	utilization					311:321	feed utilization	306:321	feed utilization	306:321	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	65	theme	undesirable	240:250	arg1	content					173:179	BACKGROUND High content	157:179	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains	157:220	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	65	theme	undesirable	240:250	arg1	factor					252:257	an undesirable factor	237:257	an undesirable factor affecting malting potential	237:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	4	66	theme	hygromycin	1002:1011	arg1	selection					1013:1021	hygromycin selection	1002:1021	hygromycin selection	1002:1021	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	2	67	theme	-β-glucanase	461:472	arg1	supplementation					413:427	supplementation	413:427	supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	413:472	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	2	67	theme	-β-glucanase	461:472	arg1	grain					404:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	1	68	dep	1,3	185:187	arg1	1,4					189:191	1,4	189:191	1,3;1,4	185:191	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	6	69	theme	transgenic	1197:1206	arg1	grains					1208:1213	transgenic grains	1197:1213	transgenic grains	1197:1213	Total β-glucan content was reduced by more than 95.73% in transgenic grains compared with the wild-type control.
26927391	1	70	theme	High	168:171	arg1	factor					252:257	an undesirable factor	237:257	an undesirable factor affecting malting potential	237:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	70	theme	High	168:171	arg1	content					173:179	BACKGROUND High content	157:179	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains	157:220	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	3	71	theme	grain	663:667	arg1	composition					669:679	grain composition	663:679	grain composition	663:679	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	1	72	from	content	173:179	arg1	grains					215:220	barley grains	208:220	barley grains	208:220	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	73	dep	-β-d-glucan	193:203	arg1	1,3					185:187	1,3	185:187	1,3;1,4	185:191	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	0	74	theme	starch	126:131	arg1	level					133:137	increased starch level	116:137	increased starch level	116:137	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	7	75	dep	-β-glucanase	1291:1302	arg1	1,3					1283:1285	1,3	1283:1285	1,3;1,4	1283:1289	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	4	76	theme	-β-glucanase	772:783	arg1	EII					795:797	barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII	756:797	barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII	756:797	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	2	77	used	used	483:486	arg2	Production					324:333	Production	324:333	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	324:472	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	0	78	theme	EII	53:55	arg1	gene					57:60	(1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene	19:60	(1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene	19:60	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	4	79	theme	barley	834:839	arg1	Hor3-1					856:861	barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	834:861	barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	834:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	1	80	theme	malting	269:275	arg1	potential					277:285	malting potential	269:285	malting potential	269:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	7	81	dep	1,3	1283:1285	arg1	1,4					1287:1289	1,4	1287:1289	1,4	1287:1289	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	4	82	theme	gene	851:854	arg1	Hor3-1					856:861	barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	834:861	barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	834:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	3	83	from	content	651:657	arg1	barley					684:689	barley	684:689	barley	684:689	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	4	84	contain	containing	712:721	arg1	construct					702:710	A construct	700:710	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	692:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	4	84	contain	containing	712:721	arg2	cDNA					742:745	full-length HvGlb2 cDNA	723:745	full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	723:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	0	85	theme	decreased	73:81	arg1	content					104:110	decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content	73:110	decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content	73:110	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	0	86	dep	1,3	84:86	arg1	1,4					88:90	1,4	88:90	1,3;1,4	84:90	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	5	87	theme	HvGlb2	1053:1058	arg1	lines					1071:1075	proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1045:1075	proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1045:1075	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	8	88	dep	1,3	1451:1453	arg1	1,4					1455:1457	1,4	1455:1457	1,3;1,4	1451:1457	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	0	89	dep	decreased	73:81	arg1	1,3					84:86	1,3	84:86	1,3;1,4	84:90	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	2	90	theme	bacterial	442:450	arg1	-β-glucanase					461:472	exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	432:472	exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	432:472	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	1	91	theme	feed	306:309	arg1	utilization					311:321	feed utilization	306:321	feed utilization	306:321	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	1	91	theme	feed	306:309	arg1	factor					252:257	an undesirable factor	237:257	an undesirable factor affecting malting potential	237:285	BACKGROUND High content of (1,3;1,4)-β-d-glucan in barley grains is regarded as an undesirable factor affecting malting potential, brewing yield and feed utilization.
26927391	2	92	dep	-β-glucanase	370:381	arg1	1,3					362:364	1,3	362:364	1,3;1,4	362:368	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	4	93	theme	cultivar	890:897	arg1	Promise					906:912	barley cultivar Golden Promise	883:912	barley cultivar Golden Promise	883:912	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	8	94	dep	apparent	1526:1533	arg1	harmful					1535:1541	harmful	1535:1541	harmful	1535:1541	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	3	95	theme	study	545:549	arg1	aim					526:528	The aim	522:528	The aim of the present study	522:549	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of over-expression of an endogenous (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase on β-glucan content and grain composition in barley.
26927391	8	96	from	content	1501:1507	arg1	grain					1512:1516	grain	1512:1516	grain	1512:1516	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	7	97	from	grain	1401:1405	arg1	amounts					1376:1382	elevated amounts	1367:1382	elevated amounts of starch in the grain	1367:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	7	97	from	grain	1401:1405	arg1	starch					1387:1392	starch	1387:1392	starch in the grain	1387:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	7	98	theme	starch	1387:1392	arg1	amounts					1376:1382	elevated amounts	1367:1382	elevated amounts of starch in the grain	1367:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	7	98	theme	starch	1387:1392	arg1	starch					1387:1392	starch	1387:1392	starch in the grain	1387:1405	Meanwhile, over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase led to an increase in 1000-grain weight, which might be due to elevated amounts of starch in the grain.
26927391	2	99	theme	barley	397:402	arg1	grain					404:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	4	100	theme	promoter	822:829	arg1	control					809:815	the control	805:815	the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1	805:861	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	0	101	theme	-β-D-glucanase	28:41	arg1	EII					53:55	-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII	28:55	(1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene	19:60	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	5	102	theme	transgenic	1060:1069	arg1	lines					1071:1075	proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1045:1075	proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines	1045:1075	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	0	103	dep	1,3	20:22	arg1	1,4					24:26	1,4	24:26	1,3;1,4	20:26	Over-expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene results in decreased (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan content and increased starch level in barley grains.
26927391	2	104	from	Production	324:333	arg1	supplementation					413:427	supplementation	413:427	supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase	413:472	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	2	104	from	Production	324:333	arg1	grain					404:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	transgenic barley grain	386:408	Production of thermostable bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in transgenic barley grain or supplementation of exogenous bacterial (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase has been used to improve malt and feed quality.
26927391	4	105	theme	transgenic	961:970	arg1	plants					972:977	transgenic plants	961:977	transgenic plants	961:977	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
26927391	8	106	with	content	1501:1507	arg1	effects					1543:1549	no apparent harmful effects	1523:1549	no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants	1523:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	5	107	dep	-β-glucanase	1115:1126	arg1	1,3					1107:1109	1,3	1107:1109	1,3;1,4	1107:1113	The T2 generation of proHor3:HvGlb2 transgenic lines showed increased activity of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase in grains.
26927391	8	108	theme	β-glucan	1492:1499	arg1	content					1501:1507	the β-glucan content	1488:1507	the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants	1488:1587	CONCLUSION Manipulating the expression of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase EII can control the β-glucan content in grain with no apparent harmful effects on grain quality of transgenic plants.
26927391	4	109	theme	Golden	899:904	arg1	Promise					906:912	barley cultivar Golden Promise	883:912	barley cultivar Golden Promise	883:912	RESULTS A construct containing full-length HvGlb2 cDNA encoding barley (1,3;1,4)-β-glucanase isoenzyme EII under the control of a promoter of barley D-Hordein gene Hor3-1 was introduced into barley cultivar Golden Promise via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and transgenic plants were regenerated after hygromycin selection.
25397730	11	0	from	RH	2431:2432	arg1	forests					2415:2421	isoprene-dominant tropical forests	2388:2421	isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2388:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	7	1	theme	additional	1412:1421	arg1	modes					1423:1427	additional modes	1412:1427	additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model	1412:1498	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	3	2	theme	rebound	631:637	arg1	fractions					639:647	The experimentally determined rebound fractions	601:647	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs	601:667	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	11	3	theme	isoprene-dominant	2388:2404	arg1	forests					2415:2421	isoprene-dominant tropical forests	2388:2421	isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2388:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	10	4	theme	chemical	2135:2142	arg1	composition					2144:2154	the chemical composition	2131:2154	the chemical composition	2131:2154	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	2	5	theme	three-arm	251:259	arg1	apparatus					271:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus	249:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus	249:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	6	6	theme	calibration	1087:1097	arg1	experiments					1099:1109	the calibration experiments	1083:1109	the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model	1083:1229	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	9	7	theme	governing	1787:1795	arg1	factor					1797:1802	a dominant governing factor	1776:1802	a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM	1776:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	9	7	theme	governing	1787:1795	arg1	volume					1765:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	10	8	from	K.	2044:2045	arg1	phase					2006:2010	the SOM phase	1998:2010	the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	1998:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	10	8	from	K.	2044:2045	arg1	applications					2024:2035	modeling applications	2015:2035	modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	2015:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	3	9	theme	studied	656:662	arg1	SOMs					664:667	the studied SOMs	652:667	the studied SOMs	652:667	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	10	10	theme	phase	1944:1948	arg1	transition					1950:1959	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1920:1959	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1920:1959	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	7	11	theme	increased	1342:1350	arg1	adhesion					1352:1359	increased adhesion	1342:1359	increased adhesion	1342:1359	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	10	12	theme	organic	2196:2202	arg1	particles					2204:2212	organic particles	2196:2212	organic particles	2196:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	9	13	theme	semisolid-to-liquid	1811:1829	arg1	transition					1831:1840	the semisolid-to-liquid transition	1807:1840	the semisolid-to-liquid transition	1807:1840	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	8	14	theme	α-pinene	1625:1632	arg1	SOM					1634:1636	α-pinene SOM	1625:1636	α-pinene SOM	1625:1636	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	11	15	from	RH	2333:2334	arg1	forest					2319:2324	a boreal forest	2310:2324	a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2310:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	11	15	from	RH	2333:2334	arg1	conditions					2296:2305	terpene-dominant conditions	2279:2305	terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2279:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	10	16	theme	heuristic	1881:1889	arg1	rules					1891:1895	Simple heuristic rules	1874:1895	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1874:1959	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	9	17	theme	hygroscopic	1690:1700	arg1	factor					1709:1714	the hygroscopic growth factor	1686:1714	the hygroscopic growth factor G	1686:1716	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	2	18	theme	1	528:528	arg1	Pa					530:531	Pa	530:531	Pa	530:531	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	19	from	rebounding	448:457	arg1	transition					432:441	the transition	428:441	the transition from rebounding to adhering particles	428:479	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	9	20	theme	studied	1850:1856	arg1	classes					1858:1864	the studied classes	1846:1864	the studied classes of SOM	1846:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	3	21	theme	kinetic	786:792	arg1	energy					794:799	the particle kinetic energy	773:799	the particle kinetic energy	773:799	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	11	22	theme	organic	2257:2263	arg1	particles					2265:2273	solid organic particles	2251:2273	solid organic particles	2251:2273	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	2	23	theme	100	521:523	arg1	Pa					530:531	Pa	530:531	Pa	530:531	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	24	from	material	591:598	arg1	transition					555:564	a transition	553:564	a transition from semisolid to liquid material	553:598	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	3	25	theme	hard	737:740	arg1	particles					742:750	hard particles	737:750	hard particles	737:750	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	6	26	theme	model	1225:1229	arg1	observations					1171:1182	the observations	1167:1182	the observations	1167:1182	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	6	26	theme	model	1225:1229	arg1	predictions					1192:1202	the predictions	1188:1202	the predictions of the hard-particle model	1188:1229	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	5	27	theme	elevated	978:985	arg1	RH					987:988	elevated RH	978:988	elevated RH	978:988	For elevated RH, however, the experimental observations deviated from the model predictions.
25397730	4	28	theme	hard-particle	882:894	arg1	model					896:900	the hard-particle model	878:900	the hard-particle model	878:900	For low RH values, the hard-particle model explained the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs.
25397730	11	29	theme	high	2426:2429	arg1	RH					2431:2432	high RH	2426:2432	high RH	2426:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	11	30	theme	low	2329:2331	arg1	RH					2333:2334	low RH	2329:2334	low RH	2329:2334	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	3	31	theme	processes	724:732	arg1	model					703:707	a model	701:707	a model of the rebound processes of hard particles	701:750	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	0	32	theme	organic	73:79	arg1	materials					81:89	secondary organic materials	63:89	secondary organic materials	63:89	Hygroscopic influence on the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials.
25397730	4	33	theme	studied	960:966	arg1	SOMs					968:971	all studied SOMs	956:971	all studied SOMs	956:971	For low RH values, the hard-particle model explained the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs.
25397730	3	34	theme	der	806:808	arg1	forces					816:821	van der Waals forces	802:821	van der Waals forces	802:821	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	3	35	from	model	703:707	arg1	results					688:694	results	688:694	results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles	688:750	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	11	36	theme	forest	2319:2324	arg1	conditions					2296:2305	terpene-dominant conditions	2279:2305	terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2279:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	6	37	theme	elevated	1309:1316	arg1	RH					1318:1319	elevated RH	1309:1319	elevated RH	1309:1319	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	1	38	theme	particles	147:155	arg1	rebound					136:142	the rebound	132:142	the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs)	132:234	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	4	39	theme	RH	867:868	arg1	values					870:875	low RH values	863:875	low RH values	863:875	For low RH values, the hard-particle model explained the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs.
25397730	10	40	theme	1.15	1911:1914	arg1	G					1906:1906	G	1906:1906	G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1906:1959	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	5	41	theme	experimental	1004:1015	arg1	observations					1017:1028	the experimental observations	1000:1028	the experimental observations	1000:1028	For elevated RH, however, the experimental observations deviated from the model predictions.
25397730	9	42	theme	rebound	1665:1671	arg1	fraction					1673:1680	the rebound fraction	1661:1680	the rebound fraction	1661:1680	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	10	43	theme	phase	2006:2010	arg1	prognostication					1979:1993	prognostication	1979:1993	prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	1979:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	2	44	theme	semisolid	571:579	arg1	material					591:598	semisolid to liquid material	571:598	semisolid to liquid material	571:598	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	45	theme	Calibration	334:344	arg1	experiments					346:356	Calibration experiments	334:356	Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities	334:414	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	6	46	theme	semisolid-to-liquid	1266:1284	arg1	transition					1286:1295	a semisolid-to-liquid transition	1264:1295	a semisolid-to-liquid transition	1264:1295	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	4	47	theme	diameter-dependent	916:933	arg1	behavior					943:950	the diameter-dependent rebound behavior	912:950	the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs	912:971	For low RH values, the hard-particle model explained the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs.
25397730	2	48	theme	known	398:402	arg1	viscosities					404:414	variable but known viscosities	385:414	variable but known viscosities	385:414	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	11	49	theme	liquid	2359:2364	arg1	particles					2374:2382	liquid organic particles	2359:2382	liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2359:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	10	50	dep	K.	2044:2045	arg1	suggest					2113:2119	suggest	2113:2119	suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	2113:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	2	51	theme	variable	385:392	arg1	viscosities					404:414	variable but known viscosities	385:414	variable but known viscosities	385:414	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	10	52	theme	study	2107:2111	arg1	findings					2090:2097	the findings	2086:2097	the findings of this study	2086:2111	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	10	53	from	prognostication	1979:1993	arg1	applications					2024:2035	modeling applications	2015:2035	modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	2015:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	1	54	theme	humidity	115:122	arg1	effect					96:101	The effect	92:101	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs)	92:234	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	3	55	theme	capillary	841:849	arg1	forces					851:856	RH-dependent capillary forces	828:856	RH-dependent capillary forces	828:856	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	9	56	theme	factor	1709:1714	arg1	G					1716:1716	the hygroscopic growth factor G	1686:1716	the hygroscopic growth factor G	1686:1716	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	10	57	theme	SOM	2002:2004	arg1	phase					2006:2010	the SOM phase	1998:2010	the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	1998:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	1	58	dep	isoprene	169:176	arg1	materials					219:227	secondary organic materials	201:227	secondary organic materials (SOMs)	201:234	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	1	58	dep	isoprene	169:176	arg1	SOMs					230:233	SOMs	230:233	SOMs	230:233	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	0	59	theme	semisolid-to-liquid	29:47	arg1	transition					49:58	the semisolid-to-liquid transition	25:58	the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials	25:89	Hygroscopic influence on the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials.
25397730	10	60	from	phase	2006:2010	arg1	applications					2024:2035	modeling applications	2015:2035	modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	2015:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	10	60	from	phase	2006:2010	arg1	K.					2044:2045	K.	2044:2045	K.	2044:2045	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	10	61	used	used	1970:1973	arg2	rules					1891:1895	Simple heuristic rules	1874:1895	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1874:1959	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	7	62	theme	energy	1432:1437	arg1	relaxation					1439:1448	energy relaxation	1432:1448	energy relaxation	1432:1448	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	8	63	theme	RH	1505:1506	arg1	%					1569:1569	40% RH	1567:1572	40% RH for isoprene SOM	1567:1589	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	8	63	theme	RH	1505:1506	arg1	threshold					1508:1516	The RH threshold	1501:1516	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1501:1561	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	3	64	theme	determined	620:629	arg1	fractions					639:647	The experimentally determined rebound fractions	601:647	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs	601:667	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	11	65	theme	boreal	2312:2317	arg1	forest					2319:2324	a boreal forest	2310:2324	a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2310:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	1	66	theme	secondary	201:209	arg1	materials					219:227	secondary organic materials	201:227	secondary organic materials (SOMs)	201:234	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	1	66	theme	secondary	201:209	arg1	SOMs					230:233	SOMs	230:233	SOMs	230:233	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	7	67	theme	modes	1423:1427	arg1	action					1402:1407	the action	1398:1407	the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model	1398:1498	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	2	68	used	used	285:288	arg2	apparatus					271:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus	249:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus	249:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	8	69	theme	isoprene	1578:1585	arg1	SOM					1587:1589	isoprene SOM	1578:1589	isoprene SOM	1578:1589	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	9	70	theme	water	1759:1763	arg1	factor					1797:1802	a dominant governing factor	1776:1802	a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM	1776:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	9	70	theme	water	1759:1763	arg1	volume					1765:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	8	71	theme	semisolid-to-liquid	1526:1544	arg1	transition					1552:1561	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1522:1561	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1522:1561	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	6	72	theme	hard-particle	1211:1223	arg1	model					1225:1229	the hard-particle model	1207:1229	the hard-particle model	1207:1229	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	2	73	theme	95	317:318	arg1	%					319:319	%	319:319	%	319:319	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	74	theme	impaction	261:269	arg1	apparatus					271:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus	249:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus	249:279	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	7	75	theme	two	1386:1388	arg1	softening					1331:1339	Material softening	1322:1339	Material softening	1322:1339	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	7	75	theme	two	1386:1388	arg1	adhesion					1352:1359	increased adhesion	1342:1359	increased adhesion	1342:1359	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	7	75	theme	two	1386:1388	arg1	combination					1367:1377	a combination	1365:1377	a combination of the two	1365:1388	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	2	76	from	5	312:312	arg1	rebound					299:305	rebound	299:305	rebound from 5 to 95% RH	299:322	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	9	77	theme	dominant	1778:1785	arg1	factor					1797:1802	a dominant governing factor	1776:1802	a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM	1776:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	9	77	theme	dominant	1778:1785	arg1	volume					1765:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	3	78	theme	Waals	810:814	arg1	forces					816:821	van der Waals forces	802:821	van der Waals forces	802:821	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	8	79	theme	toluene	1600:1606	arg1	SOM					1608:1610	toluene SOM	1600:1610	toluene SOM	1600:1610	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	2	80	theme	viscosities	404:414	arg1	particles					372:380	sucrose particles	364:380	sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities	364:414	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	3	81	theme	SOMs	664:667	arg1	fractions					639:647	The experimentally determined rebound fractions	601:647	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs	601:667	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	11	82	theme	tropical	2406:2413	arg1	forests					2415:2421	isoprene-dominant tropical forests	2388:2421	isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2388:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	9	83	theme	transition	1831:1840	arg1	factor					1797:1802	a dominant governing factor	1776:1802	a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM	1776:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	9	83	theme	transition	1831:1840	arg1	volume					1765:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	2	84	dep	Pa	530:531	arg1	to					525:526	to	525:526	to	525:526	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	10	85	theme	phase	2181:2185	arg1	state					2187:2191	the phase state	2177:2191	the phase state of organic particles	2177:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	7	86	theme	Material	1322:1329	arg1	softening					1331:1339	Material softening	1322:1339	Material softening	1322:1339	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	6	87	dep	experiments	1099:1109	arg1	basis					1074:1078	basis	1074:1078	basis	1074:1078	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	6	87	dep	experiments	1099:1109	arg1	the					1070:1072	the	1070:1072	the	1070:1072	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	3	88	theme	rebound	716:722	arg1	processes					724:732	the rebound processes	712:732	the rebound processes of hard particles	712:750	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	11	89	theme	terpene-dominant	2279:2294	arg1	conditions					2296:2305	terpene-dominant conditions	2279:2305	terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2279:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	10	90	theme	particles	2204:2212	arg1	state					2187:2191	the phase state	2177:2191	the phase state of organic particles	2177:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	9	91	theme	SOM	1869:1871	arg1	classes					1858:1864	the studied classes	1846:1864	the studied classes of SOM	1846:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	3	92	theme	particles	742:750	arg1	processes					724:732	the rebound processes	712:732	the rebound processes of hard particles	712:750	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	0	93	theme	materials	81:89	arg1	transition					49:58	the semisolid-to-liquid transition	25:58	the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials	25:89	Hygroscopic influence on the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials.
25397730	3	94	theme	particle	777:784	arg1	energy					794:799	the particle kinetic energy	773:799	the particle kinetic energy	773:799	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	6	95	theme	sucrose	1117:1123	arg1	particles					1125:1133	sucrose particles	1117:1133	sucrose particles	1117:1133	On the basis of the calibration experiments using sucrose particles as well as a comparison between the observations and the predictions of the hard-particle model, the interpretation is made that a semisolid-to-liquid transition occurred at elevated RH.
25397730	10	96	theme	atmospheric	2063:2073	arg1	processes					2075:2083	atmospheric processes	2063:2083	atmospheric processes	2063:2083	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	5	97	theme	model	1048:1052	arg1	predictions					1054:1064	the model predictions	1044:1064	the model predictions	1044:1064	For elevated RH, however, the experimental observations deviated from the model predictions.
25397730	2	98	dep	semisolid	571:579	arg1	liquid					584:589	liquid	584:589	liquid	584:589	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	98	dep	semisolid	571:579	arg1	to					581:582	to	581:582	to	581:582	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	7	99	theme	hard-particle	1480:1492	arg1	model					1494:1498	the hard-particle model	1476:1498	the hard-particle model	1476:1498	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	3	100	theme	van	802:804	arg1	forces					816:821	van der Waals forces	802:821	van der Waals forces	802:821	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	4	101	theme	low	863:865	arg1	values					870:875	low RH values	863:875	low RH values	863:875	For low RH values, the hard-particle model explained the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs.
25397730	11	102	theme	organic	2366:2372	arg1	particles					2374:2382	liquid organic particles	2359:2382	liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2359:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	10	103	theme	modeling	2015:2022	arg1	applications					2024:2035	modeling applications	2015:2035	modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	2015:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	3	104	theme	RH-dependent	828:839	arg1	forces					851:856	RH-dependent capillary forces	828:856	RH-dependent capillary forces	828:856	The experimentally determined rebound fractions of the studied SOMs were compared with results from a model of the rebound processes of hard particles, taking into account the particle kinetic energy, van der Waals forces, and RH-dependent capillary forces.
25397730	2	105	theme	adhering	462:469	arg1	particles					471:479	adhering particles	462:479	adhering particles	462:479	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	11	106	theme	particles	2265:2273	arg1	reports					2240:2246	reports	2240:2246	reports of solid organic particles	2240:2273	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	11	107	from	conditions	2296:2305	arg1	RH					2333:2334	low RH	2329:2334	low RH	2329:2334	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	10	108	dep	processes	2075:2083	arg1	respect					2052:2058	respect	2052:2058	respect	2052:2058	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	2	109	from	s	533:533	arg1	viscosity					506:514	viscosity	506:514	viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s	506:533	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	109	from	s	533:533	arg1	change					496:501	a change	494:501	a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s	494:533	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	11	110	theme	solid	2251:2255	arg1	particles					2265:2273	solid organic particles	2251:2273	solid organic particles	2251:2273	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	11	111	theme	particles	2374:2382	arg1	reports					2348:2354	reports	2348:2354	reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH	2348:2432	The findings can explain reports of solid organic particles for terpene-dominant conditions of a boreal forest at low RH compared to reports of liquid organic particles for isoprene-dominant tropical forests at high RH.
25397730	1	112	theme	relative	106:113	arg1	RH					125:126	RH	125:126	RH	125:126	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	1	112	theme	relative	106:113	arg1	humidity					115:122	relative humidity	106:122	relative humidity (RH)	106:127	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	9	113	theme	growth	1702:1707	arg1	factor					1709:1714	the hygroscopic growth factor	1686:1714	the hygroscopic growth factor G	1686:1716	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	2	114	theme	sucrose	364:370	arg1	particles					372:380	sucrose particles	364:380	sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities	364:414	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	10	115	theme	semisolid-to-liquid	1924:1942	arg1	transition					1950:1959	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1920:1959	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1920:1959	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	0	116	theme	secondary	63:71	arg1	materials					81:89	secondary organic materials	63:89	secondary organic materials	63:89	Hygroscopic influence on the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials.
25397730	4	117	theme	rebound	935:941	arg1	behavior					943:950	the diameter-dependent rebound behavior	912:950	the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs	912:971	For low RH values, the hard-particle model explained the diameter-dependent rebound behavior for all studied SOMs.
25397730	10	118	from	applications	2024:2035	arg1	prognostication					1979:1993	prognostication	1979:1993	prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles	1979:2212	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
25397730	7	119	theme	relaxation	1439:1448	arg1	modes					1423:1427	additional modes	1412:1427	additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model	1412:1498	Material softening, increased adhesion, or a combination of the two implied the action of additional modes of energy relaxation that were not included in the hard-particle model.
25397730	2	120	from	change	496:501	arg1	viscosity					506:514	viscosity	506:514	viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s	506:533	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	120	from	change	496:501	arg1	s					533:533	100 to 1 Pa s	521:533	100 to 1 Pa s	521:533	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	1	121	from	effect	96:101	arg1	rebound					136:142	the rebound	132:142	the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs)	132:234	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	1	122	theme	organic	211:217	arg1	materials					219:227	secondary organic materials	201:227	secondary organic materials (SOMs)	201:234	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	1	122	theme	organic	211:217	arg1	SOMs					230:233	SOMs	230:233	SOMs	230:233	The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the rebound of particles composed of isoprene, α-pinene, and toluene secondary organic materials (SOMs) was studied.
25397730	9	123	theme	absorbed	1750:1757	arg1	factor					1797:1802	a dominant governing factor	1776:1802	a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM	1776:1871	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	9	123	theme	absorbed	1750:1757	arg1	volume					1765:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	absorbed water volume	1750:1770	A correlation between the rebound fraction and the hygroscopic growth factor G was demonstrated, implying that absorbed water volume was a dominant governing factor of the semisolid-to-liquid transition for the studied classes of SOM.
25397730	8	124	theme	phase	1546:1550	arg1	transition					1552:1561	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1522:1561	the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1522:1561	The RH threshold for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition was 40% RH for isoprene SOM, 70% for toluene SOM, and 70% for α-pinene SOM.
25397730	2	125	dep	K.	331:332	arg1	showed					416:421	showed	416:421	showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material	416:598	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	2	126	theme	%	319:319	arg1	RH					321:322	95% RH	317:322	95% RH	317:322	A three-arm impaction apparatus was used to study rebound from 5 to 95% RH at 298 K. Calibration experiments using sucrose particles of variable but known viscosities showed that the transition from rebounding to adhering particles occurred for a change in viscosity from 100 to 1 Pa s, corresponding to a transition from semisolid to liquid material.
25397730	10	127	theme	Simple	1874:1879	arg1	rules					1891:1895	Simple heuristic rules	1874:1895	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition	1874:1959	Simple heuristic rules based on G of 1.15 for the semisolid-to-liquid phase transition could be used for prognostication of the SOM phase in modeling applications at 298 K. With respect to atmospheric processes, the findings of this study suggest that both the chemical composition and the RH influence the phase state of organic particles.
28919524	0	0	theme	antibacterial	90:102	arg1	properties					118:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	4	1	theme	Ch-coated	825:833	arg1	mats					835:838	Ch-coated mats	825:838	Ch-coated mats	825:838	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	7	2	theme	mats	1137:1140	arg1	types					1114:1118	all types	1110:1118	all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells	1110:1165	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	1	3	theme	ferulic	227:233	arg1	acid					235:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid	205:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA)	205:243	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	1	3	theme	ferulic	227:233	arg1	FA					241:242	FA	241:242	FA	241:242	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	7	4	theme	types	1114:1118	arg1	cytotoxicity					1094:1105	the cytotoxicity	1090:1105	the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells	1090:1165	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	7	4	theme	types	1114:1118	arg1	higher					1171:1176	higher	1171:1176	higher	1171:1176	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	3	5	theme	polymer	619:625	arg1	matrix					627:632	the polymer matrix	615:632	the polymer matrix	615:632	The release of FA was affected by the composition and design of the polymer matrix.
28919524	6	6	theme	antioxidant	997:1007	arg1	activity					1009:1016	its antioxidant activity	993:1016	its antioxidant activity	993:1016	Moreover, FA preserved its antioxidant activity when incorporated in the fibers or in the Ch coating.
28919524	5	7	theme	fibrous	865:871	arg1	materials					873:881	The FA-containing fibrous materials	847:881	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA	847:922	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus bacteria.
28919524	0	8	theme	antitumor	108:116	arg1	properties					118:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	3	9	theme	matrix	627:632	arg1	design					605:610	design	605:610	design	605:610	The release of FA was affected by the composition and design of the polymer matrix.
28919524	3	9	theme	matrix	627:632	arg1	composition					589:599	composition	589:599	composition	589:599	The release of FA was affected by the composition and design of the polymer matrix.
28919524	4	10	theme	FA-containing	803:815	arg1	mats					817:820	FA-containing mats	803:820	FA-containing mats	803:820	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	8	11	theme	obtained	1214:1221	arg1	materials					1231:1239	the obtained fibrous materials	1210:1239	the obtained fibrous materials	1210:1239	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	8	11	theme	obtained	1214:1221	arg1	candidates					1257:1266	suitable candidates	1248:1266	suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors	1248:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	8	12	theme	suitable	1248:1255	arg1	materials					1231:1239	the obtained fibrous materials	1210:1239	the obtained fibrous materials	1210:1239	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	8	12	theme	suitable	1248:1255	arg1	candidates					1257:1266	suitable candidates	1248:1266	suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors	1248:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	2	13	theme	scanning	486:493	arg1	DSC					508:510	DSC	508:510	DSC	508:510	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	2	13	theme	scanning	486:493	arg1	calorimetry					495:505	the performed differential scanning calorimetry	459:505	the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	459:511	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	1	14	from	poly	159:162	arg1	materials					144:152	Novel fibrous materials	130:152	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design	130:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	2	15	theme	differential	473:484	arg1	DSC					508:510	DSC	508:510	DSC	508:510	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	2	15	theme	differential	473:484	arg1	calorimetry					495:505	the performed differential scanning calorimetry	459:505	the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	459:511	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	2	16	theme	PCL	378:380	arg1	mats					390:393	the PCL fibrous mats	374:393	the PCL fibrous mats	374:393	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	2	17	theme	performed	463:471	arg1	DSC					508:510	DSC	508:510	DSC	508:510	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	2	17	theme	performed	463:471	arg1	calorimetry					495:505	the performed differential scanning calorimetry	459:505	the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	459:511	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	4	18	theme	pathogenic	760:769	arg1	bacteria					771:778	pathogenic bacteria	760:778	pathogenic bacteria	760:778	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	4	19	theme	fibrous	690:696	arg1	mats					698:701	the fibrous mats	686:701	the fibrous mats	686:701	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	8	20	theme	tumors	1351:1356	arg1	treatment					1329:1337	local treatment	1323:1337	local treatment of cervical tumors	1323:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	0	21	theme	acid-coated	17:27	arg1	electrospun					50:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	4	22	theme	FA	673:674	arg1	combination					658:668	a combination	656:668	a combination of FA and Ch	656:681	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	0	23	theme	Chitosan/ferulic	0:15	arg1	electrospun					50:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	6	24	theme	Ch	1060:1061	arg1	coating					1063:1069	the Ch coating	1056:1069	the Ch coating	1056:1069	Moreover, FA preserved its antioxidant activity when incorporated in the fibers or in the Ch coating.
28919524	8	25	from	application	1308:1318	arg1	treatment					1329:1337	local treatment	1323:1337	local treatment of cervical tumors	1323:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	2	26	theme	Ch	405:406	arg1	coating					408:414	the Ch coating	401:414	the Ch coating	401:414	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	8	27	theme	dressing	1278:1285	arg1	applications					1287:1298	wound dressing applications	1272:1298	wound dressing applications	1272:1298	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	4	28	theme	Ch	680:681	arg1	combination					658:668	a combination	656:668	a combination of FA and Ch	656:681	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	8	29	theme	wound	1272:1276	arg1	applications					1287:1298	wound dressing applications	1272:1298	wound dressing applications	1272:1298	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	0	30	theme	poly	29:32	arg1	electrospun					50:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	1	31	theme	diverse	248:254	arg1	design					256:261	diverse design	248:261	diverse design	248:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	2	32	theme	amorphous	427:435	arg1	state					437:441	the amorphous state	423:441	the amorphous state	423:441	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	7	33	theme	free	1195:1198	arg1	FA					1200:1201	the free FA	1191:1201	the free FA	1191:1201	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	8	34	theme	fibrous	1223:1229	arg1	materials					1231:1239	the obtained fibrous materials	1210:1239	the obtained fibrous materials	1210:1239	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	8	34	theme	fibrous	1223:1229	arg1	candidates					1257:1266	suitable candidates	1248:1266	suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors	1248:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	1	35	theme	design	256:261	arg1	materials					144:152	Novel fibrous materials	130:152	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design	130:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	2	36	dep	calorimetry	495:505	arg1	analysis					541:548	analysis	541:548	analysis	541:548	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	8	37	theme	local	1323:1327	arg1	treatment					1329:1337	local treatment	1323:1337	local treatment of cervical tumors	1323:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	4	38	theme	killing	738:744	arg1	rates					746:750	higher killing rates	731:750	higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone	731:844	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	0	39	theme	ε-caprolactone	34:47	arg1	electrospun					50:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun	0:60	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	1	40	from	acid	235:238	arg1	materials					144:152	Novel fibrous materials	130:152	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design	130:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	8	41	theme	cervical	1342:1349	arg1	tumors					1351:1356	cervical tumors	1342:1356	cervical tumors	1342:1356	Thus, the obtained fibrous materials can be suitable candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in local treatment of cervical tumors.
28919524	4	42	theme	higher	731:736	arg1	rates					746:750	higher killing rates	731:750	higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone	731:844	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	2	43	theme	fibrous	382:388	arg1	mats					390:393	the PCL fibrous mats	374:393	the PCL fibrous mats	374:393	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	1	44	theme	Novel	130:134	arg1	materials					144:152	Novel fibrous materials	130:152	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design	130:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	5	45	theme	aureus	953:958	arg1	bacteria					960:967	S. aureus bacteria	950:967	S. aureus bacteria	950:967	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus bacteria.
28919524	5	46	theme	S.	950:951	arg1	bacteria					960:967	S. aureus bacteria	950:967	S. aureus bacteria	950:967	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus bacteria.
28919524	1	47	from	chitosan	187:194	arg1	materials					144:152	Novel fibrous materials	130:152	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design	130:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	1	48	theme	fibrous	136:142	arg1	materials					144:152	Novel fibrous materials	130:152	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design	130:261	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	5	49	theme	bacteria	960:967	arg1	adhesion					938:945	the adhesion	934:945	the adhesion of S. aureus bacteria	934:967	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus bacteria.
28919524	3	50	theme	FA	566:567	arg1	release					555:561	The release	551:561	The release of FA	551:567	The release of FA was affected by the composition and design of the polymer matrix.
28919524	4	51	theme	combination	658:668	arg1	incorporation					639:651	The incorporation	635:651	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats	635:701	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	2	52	theme	X-ray	517:521	arg1	diffraction					523:533	X-ray diffraction	517:533	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	517:539	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	2	52	theme	X-ray	517:521	arg1	XRD					536:538	XRD	536:538	XRD	536:538	FA incorporated in the PCL fibrous mats or in the Ch coating was in the amorphous state as evidenced by the performed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
28919524	0	53	with	materials	62:70	arg1	properties					118:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	5	54	theme	FA-containing	851:863	arg1	materials					873:881	The FA-containing fibrous materials	847:881	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA	847:922	The FA-containing fibrous materials as well as those coated with Ch or Ch-FA inhibited the adhesion of S. aureus bacteria.
28919524	1	55	theme	natural	205:211	arg1	acid					235:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid	205:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA)	205:243	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	1	55	theme	natural	205:211	arg1	FA					241:242	FA	241:242	FA	241:242	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	0	56	theme	antioxidant	77:87	arg1	properties					118:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties	77:127	Chitosan/ferulic acid-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) electrospun materials with antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumor properties.
28919524	7	57	theme	HeLa	1150:1153	arg1	cells					1161:1165	HeLa tumor cells	1150:1165	HeLa tumor cells	1150:1165	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	4	58	from	incorporation	639:651	arg1	mats					698:701	the fibrous mats	686:701	the fibrous mats	686:701	The incorporation of a combination of FA and Ch in the fibrous mats imparted to these materials higher killing rates against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus than that of FA-containing mats or Ch-coated mats alone.
28919524	1	59	theme	phenolic	213:220	arg1	acid					235:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid	205:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA)	205:243	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	1	59	theme	phenolic	213:220	arg1	FA					241:242	FA	241:242	FA	241:242	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	7	60	theme	FA-containing	1123:1135	arg1	mats					1137:1140	FA-containing mats	1123:1140	FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells	1123:1165	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	3	61	dep	composition	589:599	arg1	the					585:587	the	585:587	the	585:587	The release of FA was affected by the composition and design of the polymer matrix.
28919524	7	62	theme	tumor	1155:1159	arg1	cells					1161:1165	HeLa tumor cells	1150:1165	HeLa tumor cells	1150:1165	It was found that the cytotoxicity of all types of FA-containing mats against HeLa tumor cells was higher than that of the free FA.
28919524	1	63	theme	acid	222:225	arg1	acid					235:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid	205:238	natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA)	205:243	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28919524	1	63	theme	acid	222:225	arg1	FA					241:242	FA	241:242	FA	241:242	Novel fibrous materials from poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), chitosan (Ch) and natural phenolic acid ferulic acid (FA) of diverse design were successfully prepared by electrospinning or electrospinning combined with dip-coating.
28592597	4	0	from	beverages.Results	1351:1367	arg1	calories					1328:1335	calories	1328:1335	calories from packaged beverages.Results	1328:1367	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	0	from	beverages.Results	1351:1367	arg1	sugars					1262:1267	sugars	1262:1267	sugars in terms of per capita grams per day	1262:1304	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	0	from	beverages.Results	1351:1367	arg1	percentage					1314:1323	the percentage	1310:1323	the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results	1310:1367	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	1	theme	added	1443:1447	arg1	sugars					1449:1454	added sugars	1443:1454	added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages	1443:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	2	dep	per	1281:1283	arg1	capita					1285:1290	capita	1285:1290	capita	1285:1290	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	2	3	theme	packaged	540:547	arg1	products					558:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products	527:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States	527:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	4	theme	stepwise	813:820	arg1	approach					822:829	a stepwise approach	811:829	a stepwise approach	811:829	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	5	from	%	1515:1515	arg1	beverages					1543:1551	packaged beverages	1534:1551	packaged beverages	1534:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	5	6	from	amount	1575:1580	arg1	beverages					1603:1611	beverages	1603:1611	beverages	1603:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	2	7	theme	United	584:589	arg1	States					591:596	the United States	580:596	the United States	580:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	8	theme	added	1845:1849	arg1	sugars					1851:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	1	9	theme	updated	150:156	arg1	requirements					177:188	The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements	112:188	The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements	112:188	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	10	theme	US	691:692	arg1	purchases					678:686	the purchases	674:686	the purchases of US	674:692	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	11	theme	population	2068:2077	arg1	level					2079:2083	the population level	2064:2083	the population level	2064:2083	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	5	12	theme	sugars	1688:1693	arg1	contribution					1666:1677	the relative contribution	1653:1677	the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages	1653:1720	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	1	13	theme	labeling	168:175	arg1	requirements					177:188	The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements	112:188	The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements	112:188	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	4	14	dep	per	1407:1409	arg1	capita					1411:1416	capita	1411:1416	capita	1411:1416	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	7	15	theme	product	2046:2052	arg1	level					2054:2058	the product level	2042:2058	the product level	2042:2058	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	1	16	theme	added	203:207	arg1	sugars					209:214	added sugars	203:214	added sugars starting in July 2018	203:236	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	17	dep	purchased	906:914	arg1	observations					955:966	345,193 observations	947:966	345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households	947:997	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	18	theme	added	511:515	arg1	sugars					517:522	added sugars	511:522	added sugars	511:522	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	19	theme	unique	981:986	arg1	households					988:997	110,539 unique households	973:997	110,539 unique households	973:997	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	20	theme	white	1891:1895	arg1	households					1897:1906	non-Hispanic white households	1878:1906	non-Hispanic white households	1878:1906	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	6	21	theme	Non-Hispanic	1737:1748	arg1	households					1756:1765	Non-Hispanic black households	1737:1765	Non-Hispanic black households	1737:1765	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	7	22	theme	added	1997:2001	arg1	sugars					2003:2008	added sugars	1997:2008	added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	1997:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	4	23	theme	calories	1328:1335	arg1	sugars					1262:1267	sugars	1262:1267	sugars in terms of per capita grams per day	1262:1304	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	23	theme	calories	1328:1335	arg1	percentage					1314:1323	the percentage	1310:1323	the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results	1310:1367	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	1	24	theme	products	310:317	arg1	content					299:305	the added sugar content	283:305	the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases	283:356	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	0	25	from	Trends	0:5	arg1	sugars					16:21	added sugars	10:21	added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	10:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	0	25	from	Trends	0:5	arg1	beverages					37:45	packaged beverages	28:45	packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	28:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	2	26	from	basis	750:754	arg1	sources					794:800	multiple sources	785:800	multiple sources	785:800	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	27	theme	packaged	1342:1349	arg1	beverages.Results					1351:1367	packaged beverages.Results	1342:1367	packaged beverages.Results	1342:1367	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	0	28	dep	2007-2012	89:97	arg1	Trends					0:5	Trends	0:5	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	0:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	2	29	from	households	988:997	arg1	observations					955:966	345,193 observations	947:966	345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households	947:997	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	0	30	from	beverages	37:45	arg1	Trends					0:5	Trends	0:5	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	0:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	0	30	from	beverages	37:45	arg1	sugars					16:21	added sugars	10:21	added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	10:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	3	31	dep	reported	1089:1096	arg1	estimated					1004:1012	estimated	1004:1012	estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages	1004:1073	We estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages US households reported buying in 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, overall and by subpopulations based on household composition, race/ethnicity, and income.
28592597	3	32	theme	added	1029:1033	arg1	sugars					1035:1040	added sugars	1029:1040	added sugars obtained from packaged beverages	1029:1073	We estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages US households reported buying in 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, overall and by subpopulations based on household composition, race/ethnicity, and income.
28592597	7	33	from	beverages	2024:2032	arg1	measures					1985:1992	measures	1985:1992	measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	1985:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	7	33	from	beverages	2024:2032	arg1	sugars					2003:2008	added sugars	1997:2008	added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	1997:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	7	33	from	beverages	2024:2032	arg1	States					2099:2104	the United States	2088:2104	the United States	2088:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	34	theme	added	411:415	arg1	consumption					423:433	added sugar consumption	411:433	added sugar consumption	411:433	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	35	theme	future	2197:2202	arg1	monitoring					2204:2213	future monitoring	2197:2213	future monitoring	2197:2213	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	36	theme	added	625:629	arg1	sugars					631:636	added sugars	625:636	added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	625:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	37	theme	revised	2148:2154	arg1	labels					2166:2171	the revised nutrition labels	2144:2171	the revised nutrition labels	2144:2171	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	38	theme	added	845:849	arg1	content					857:863	the added sugar content	841:863	the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	841:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	1	39	dep	Food	119:122	arg1	Administration					133:146	Administration	133:146	Administration	133:146	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	40	theme	first	384:388	arg1	targets					390:396	the first targets	380:396	the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption	380:433	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	0	41	theme	added	10:14	arg1	sugars					16:21	added sugars	10:21	added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	10:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	3	42	theme	packaged	1056:1063	arg1	beverages					1065:1073	packaged beverages	1056:1073	packaged beverages	1056:1073	We estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages US households reported buying in 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, overall and by subpopulations based on household composition, race/ethnicity, and income.
28592597	4	43	theme	per	1407:1409	arg1	consumption					1418:1428	per capita consumption	1407:1428	per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages	1407:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	5	44	theme	sugars	1591:1596	arg1	sugars					1591:1596	added sugars	1585:1596	added sugars from beverages	1585:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	5	44	theme	sugars	1591:1596	arg1	amount					1575:1580	the absolute amount	1562:1580	the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages	1562:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	0	45	dep	beverages	37:45	arg1	purchased					61:69	purchased	61:69	purchased by US households	61:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	0	45	dep	beverages	37:45	arg1	available					47:55	available	47:55	available	47:55	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	2	46	theme	160,713	868:874	arg1	products					885:892	160,713 beverage products	868:892	160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	868:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	1	47	theme	added	287:291	arg1	content					299:305	the added sugar content	283:305	the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases	283:356	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	48	theme	nutrition	759:767	arg1	data					775:778	nutrition label data	759:778	nutrition label data from multiple sources	759:800	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	49	used	used	806:809	arg2	we					803:804	we	803:804	we	803:804	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	50	from	measures	1985:1992	arg1	beverages					2024:2032	packaged beverages	2015:2032	packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	2015:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	51	dep	households	694:703	arg1	used					806:809	used	806:809	used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	806:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	52	theme	United	2092:2097	arg1	States					2099:2104	the United States	2088:2104	the United States	2088:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	4	53	from	beverages	1543:1551	arg1	%					1515:1515	32-48%	1510:1515	32-48% of calories from packaged beverages	1510:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	53	from	beverages	1543:1551	arg1	calories					1520:1527	calories	1520:1527	calories from packaged beverages	1520:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	5	54	from	beverages	1603:1611	arg1	sugars					1591:1596	added sugars	1585:1596	added sugars from beverages	1585:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	5	54	from	beverages	1603:1611	arg1	amount					1575:1580	the absolute amount	1562:1580	the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages	1562:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	2	55	theme	multiple	785:792	arg1	sources					794:800	multiple sources	785:800	multiple sources	785:800	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	56	from	available	567:575	arg1	States					591:596	the United States	580:596	the United States	580:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	57	theme	sugars	1449:1454	arg1	g/d					1436:1438	12 g/d	1433:1438	12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages	1433:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	2	58	theme	beverage	549:556	arg1	products					558:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products	527:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States	527:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	59	dep	data	775:778	arg1	label					769:773	label	769:773	label	769:773	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	60	theme	data	775:778	arg1	basis					750:754	the basis	746:754	the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources	746:800	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	61	theme	black	1750:1754	arg1	households					1756:1765	Non-Hispanic black households	1737:1765	Non-Hispanic black households	1737:1765	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	2	62	theme	nonalcoholic	527:538	arg1	products					558:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products	527:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States	527:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	63	theme	key	1239:1241	arg1	outcomes					1243:1250	The key outcomes	1235:1250	The key outcomes	1235:1250	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	64	theme	calories	1520:1527	arg1	%					1515:1515	32-48%	1510:1515	32-48% of calories from packaged beverages	1510:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	64	theme	calories	1520:1527	arg1	calories					1520:1527	calories	1520:1527	calories from packaged beverages	1520:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	2	65	from	households	922:931	arg1	2007-2012					936:944	2007-2012	936:944	2007-2012	936:944	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	66	dep	absolute	1812:1819	arg1	higher					1805:1810	higher	1805:1810	higher	1805:1810	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	4	67	from	percentage	1314:1323	arg1	terms					1272:1276	terms	1272:1276	terms of per capita grams per day	1272:1304	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	67	from	percentage	1314:1323	arg1	beverages.Results					1351:1367	packaged beverages.Results	1342:1367	packaged beverages.Results	1342:1367	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	5	68	theme	added	1682:1686	arg1	sugars					1688:1693	added sugars	1682:1693	added sugars	1682:1693	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	1	69	theme	nutrition	158:166	arg1	requirements					177:188	The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements	112:188	The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements	112:188	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	70	theme	available	567:575	arg1	products					558:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products	527:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States	527:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	71	dep	US	1469:1470	arg1	households					1472:1481	households	1472:1481	households	1472:1481	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	6	72	theme	relative	1825:1832	arg1	amounts					1834:1840	both higher absolute and relative amounts	1800:1840	both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars	1800:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	6	72	theme	relative	1825:1832	arg1	sugars					1851:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	5	73	theme	absolute	1566:1573	arg1	sugars					1591:1596	added sugars	1585:1596	added sugars from beverages	1585:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	5	73	theme	absolute	1566:1573	arg1	amount					1575:1580	the absolute amount	1562:1580	the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages	1562:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	2	74	from	sources	794:800	arg1	data					775:778	nutrition label data	759:778	nutrition label data from multiple sources	759:800	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	74	from	sources	794:800	arg1	basis					750:754	the basis	746:754	the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources	746:800	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	75	theme	sugars	2003:2008	arg1	measures					1985:1992	measures	1985:1992	measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	1985:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	6	76	theme	absolute	1812:1819	arg1	amounts					1834:1840	both higher absolute and relative amounts	1800:1840	both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars	1800:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	6	76	theme	absolute	1812:1819	arg1	sugars					1851:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	3	77	theme	household	1184:1192	arg1	composition					1194:1204	household composition	1184:1204	household composition	1184:1204	We estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages US households reported buying in 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, overall and by subpopulations based on household composition, race/ethnicity, and income.
28592597	4	78	theme	per	1281:1283	arg1	grams					1292:1296	per capita grams	1281:1296	per capita grams per day	1281:1304	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	7	79	from	level	2054:2058	arg1	beverages					2024:2032	packaged beverages	2015:2032	packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	2015:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	80	theme	products	885:892	arg1	content					857:863	the added sugar content	841:863	the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	841:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	81	from	States	591:596	arg1	available					567:575	available	567:575	available	567:575	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	82	theme	grams	1292:1296	arg1	terms					1272:1276	terms	1272:1276	terms of per capita grams per day	1272:1304	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	83	theme	packaged	1534:1541	arg1	beverages					1543:1551	packaged beverages	1534:1551	packaged beverages	1534:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	6	84	theme	non-Hispanic	1878:1889	arg1	households					1897:1906	non-Hispanic white households	1878:1906	non-Hispanic white households	1878:1906	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	7	85	from	level	2079:2083	arg1	beverages					2024:2032	packaged beverages	2015:2032	packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	2015:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	7	86	theme	packaged	2015:2022	arg1	beverages					2024:2032	packaged beverages	2015:2032	packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States	2015:2104	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	4	87	theme	Packaged	1370:1377	arg1	beverages					1379:1387	Packaged beverages	1370:1387	Packaged beverages	1370:1387	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	6	88	theme	sugars	1851:1856	arg1	amounts					1834:1840	both higher absolute and relative amounts	1800:1840	both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars	1800:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	6	88	theme	sugars	1851:1856	arg1	sugars					1851:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	added sugars	1845:1856	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	5	89	from	beverages	1712:1720	arg1	calories					1698:1705	calories	1698:1705	calories from beverages	1698:1720	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	4	90	from	sugars	1262:1267	arg1	terms					1272:1276	terms	1272:1276	terms of per capita grams per day	1272:1304	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	4	90	from	sugars	1262:1267	arg1	beverages.Results					1351:1367	packaged beverages.Results	1342:1367	packaged beverages.Results	1342:1367	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
28592597	1	91	dep	US	116:117	arg1	Drug					128:131	Drug	128:131	Drug	128:131	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	1	91	dep	US	116:117	arg1	Food					119:122	Food	119:122	Food	119:122	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	92	dep	given	668:672	arg1	beverages					658:666	these beverages	652:666	these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	652:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	92	dep	given	668:672	arg1	households					694:703	households	694:703	households overall and by subpopulations.Design	694:740	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	93	theme	here.Objective	460:473	arg1	focus					454:458	the focus	450:458	the focus here.Objective	450:473	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	94	theme	US	919:920	arg1	households					922:931	US households	919:931	US households in 2007-2012	919:944	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	95	theme	sugars	631:636	arg1	amounts					614:620	amounts	614:620	amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	614:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	95	theme	sugars	631:636	arg1	sugars					631:636	added sugars	625:636	added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	625:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	96	theme	P	1940:1940	arg1	<					1942:1942	all P < 0.01	1936:1947	all P < 0.01	1936:1947	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	6	96	theme	P	1940:1940	arg1	households					1924:1933	high-income households	1912:1933	high-income households (all P < 0.01)	1912:1948	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	0	97	dep	US	74:75	arg1	households					77:86	households	77:86	US households	74:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	2	98	theme	sugar	851:855	arg1	content					857:863	the added sugar content	841:863	the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	841:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	7	99	theme	nutrition	2156:2164	arg1	labels					2166:2171	the revised nutrition labels	2144:2171	the revised nutrition labels	2144:2171	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	100	theme	targets	390:396	arg1	targets					390:396	the first targets	380:396	the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption	380:433	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	100	theme	targets	390:396	arg1	one					373:375	one	373:375	one	373:375	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	101	theme	high-income	1912:1922	arg1	<					1942:1942	all P < 0.01	1936:1947	all P < 0.01	1936:1947	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	6	101	theme	high-income	1912:1922	arg1	households					1924:1933	high-income households	1912:1933	high-income households (all P < 0.01)	1912:1948	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	5	102	theme	added	1585:1589	arg1	sugars					1591:1596	added sugars	1585:1596	added sugars from beverages	1585:1611	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	0	103	theme	packaged	28:35	arg1	beverages					37:45	packaged beverages	28:45	packaged beverages available and purchased by US households	28:86	Trends in added sugars from packaged beverages available and purchased by US households, 2007-2012.
28592597	3	104	theme	sugars	1035:1040	arg1	amounts					1018:1024	the amounts	1014:1024	the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages	1014:1073	We estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages US households reported buying in 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, overall and by subpopulations based on household composition, race/ethnicity, and income.
28592597	3	104	theme	sugars	1035:1040	arg1	sugars					1035:1040	added sugars	1029:1040	added sugars obtained from packaged beverages	1029:1073	We estimated the amounts of added sugars obtained from packaged beverages US households reported buying in 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012, overall and by subpopulations based on household composition, race/ethnicity, and income.
28592597	2	105	theme	beverage	876:883	arg1	products					885:892	160,713 beverage products	868:892	160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households)	868:998	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	6	106	theme	low-income	1771:1780	arg1	households					1782:1791	low-income households	1771:1791	low-income households	1771:1791	Non-Hispanic black households and low-income households obtain both higher absolute and relative amounts of added sugars from beverages than non-Hispanic white households and high-income households (all P < 0.01).
28592597	7	107	used	used	2117:2120	arg2	results					1969:1975	These results	1963:1975	These results	1963:1975	Conclusions: These results provide measures of added sugars from packaged beverages at both the product level and the population level in the United States and can be used for comparisons after the revised nutrition labels are implemented and for future monitoring.
28592597	2	108	theme	sugar	417:421	arg1	consumption					423:433	added sugar consumption	411:433	added sugar consumption	411:433	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	5	109	theme	relative	1657:1664	arg1	contribution					1666:1677	the relative contribution	1653:1677	the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages	1653:1720	Whereas the absolute amount of added sugars from beverages has not changed meaningfully over time, the relative contribution of added sugars to calories from beverages has increased.
28592597	1	110	theme	sugar	293:297	arg1	content					299:305	the added sugar content	283:305	the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases	283:356	Background: The US Food and Drug Administration's updated nutrition labeling requirements will include added sugars starting in July 2018, but no measure currently exists to identify the added sugar content of products and what it represents among purchases.
28592597	2	111	from	trends	501:506	arg1	products					558:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products	527:565	nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States	527:596	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	2	111	from	trends	501:506	arg1	sugars					517:522	added sugars	511:522	added sugars	511:522	Beverages are one of the first targets for reducing added sugar consumption, and hence are the focus here.Objective: Our goal was to estimate trends in added sugars in nonalcoholic packaged beverage products available in the United States and to estimate amounts of added sugars obtained from these beverages given the purchases of US households overall and by subpopulations.Design: On the basis of nutrition label data from multiple sources, we used a stepwise approach to derive the added sugar content of 160,713 beverage products recorded as purchased by US households in 2007-2012 (345,193 observations from 110,539 unique households).
28592597	4	112	theme	g/d	1436:1438	arg1	consumption					1418:1428	per capita consumption	1407:1428	per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages	1407:1551	The key outcomes are added sugars in terms of per capita grams per day and the percentage of calories from packaged beverages.Results: Packaged beverages alone account for per capita consumption of 12 g/d of added sugars purchased by US households in 2007-2012, representing 32-48% of calories from packaged beverages.
25009104	9	0	theme	solubility	1557:1566	arg1	release					1521:1527	a slow drug release	1509:1527	a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility	1509:1566	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	9	0	theme	solubility	1557:1566	arg1	density					1581:1587	the high density	1572:1587	the high density of the matrix	1572:1601	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	3	1	theme	ionotropic	485:494	arg1	method					505:510	ionotropic gelation method	485:510	ionotropic gelation method	485:510	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	0	2	theme	pectin	76:81	arg1	beads					83:87	pectin beads	76:87	pectin beads	76:87	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	3	3	theme	gelation	496:503	arg1	method					505:510	ionotropic gelation method	485:510	ionotropic gelation method	485:510	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	6	4	theme	amorphous	1056:1064	arg1	form					1066:1069	amorphous form	1056:1069	amorphous form	1056:1069	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	5	5	dep	In	839:840	arg1	vitro					842:846	vitro	842:846	vitro	842:846	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	3	6	theme	pectin	528:533	arg1	beads					535:539	low methoxyl pectin beads	515:539	low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate	515:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	6	7	theme	rapid	1097:1101	arg1	release					1103:1109	a rapid release	1095:1109	a rapid release of curcumin	1095:1121	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	5	8	theme	bead	933:936	arg1	composition					938:948	bead composition	933:948	bead composition	933:948	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	6	9	theme	simulated	1130:1138	arg1	fluids					1150:1155	the simulated digestive fluids	1126:1155	the simulated digestive fluids	1126:1155	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	5	10	theme	matrix	967:972	arg1	network					974:980	different matrix network	957:980	different matrix network	957:980	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	4	11	theme	curcumin	693:700	arg1	efficiency					777:786	encapsulation efficiency	763:786	encapsulation efficiency	763:786	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	11	theme	curcumin	693:700	arg1	state					735:739	physical state	726:739	physical state	726:739	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	11	theme	curcumin	693:700	arg1	forms					753:757	tautomeric forms	742:757	tautomeric forms	742:757	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	11	theme	curcumin	693:700	arg1	properties					666:675	physico-chemical properties	649:675	physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield	649:817	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	11	theme	curcumin	693:700	arg1	solubility					714:723	its solubility	710:723	its solubility	710:723	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	11	theme	curcumin	693:700	arg1	yield					813:817	encapsulation yield	799:817	encapsulation yield	799:817	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	5	12	from	beads	877:881	arg1	dissolution					848:858	In vitro dissolution	839:858	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads	839:881	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	3	13	theme	low	515:517	arg1	beads					535:539	low methoxyl pectin beads	515:539	low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate	515:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	1	14	theme	health	170:175	arg1	benefit					177:183	health benefit	170:183	health benefit products	170:192	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	8	15	theme	drug	1416:1419	arg1	%					1406:1406	34%	1404:1406	34% of this drug	1404:1419	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	8	15	theme	drug	1416:1419	arg1	drug					1416:1419	this drug	1411:1419	this drug	1411:1419	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	5	16	theme	different	893:901	arg1	profiles					911:918	different kinetic profiles	893:918	different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network	893:980	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	3	17	theme	methoxyl	519:526	arg1	beads					535:539	low methoxyl pectin beads	515:539	low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate	515:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	2	18	theme	curcumin	384:391	arg1	Encapsulation					367:379	Encapsulation	367:379	Encapsulation of curcumin	367:391	Encapsulation of curcumin could be a mean to overcome these difficulties.
25009104	2	18	theme	curcumin	384:391	arg1	mean					404:407	a mean	402:407	a mean to overcome these difficulties	402:438	Encapsulation of curcumin could be a mean to overcome these difficulties.
25009104	6	19	theme	curcumin	1114:1121	arg1	release					1103:1109	a rapid release	1095:1109	a rapid release of curcumin	1095:1121	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	7	20	theme	drug	1171:1174	arg1	release					1176:1182	drug release	1171:1182	drug release	1171:1182	In contrast, drug release was slower from sodium caseinate beads since curcumin was not totally dissolved during the manufacturing process.
25009104	7	21	theme	caseinate	1207:1215	arg1	beads					1217:1221	sodium caseinate beads	1200:1221	sodium caseinate beads	1200:1221	In contrast, drug release was slower from sodium caseinate beads since curcumin was not totally dissolved during the manufacturing process.
25009104	3	22	theme	different	557:565	arg1	Transcutol					592:601	Transcutol	592:601	Transcutol(®)	592:604	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	22	theme	different	557:565	arg1	Solutol					580:586	Solutol	580:586	Solutol(®)	580:589	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	22	theme	different	557:565	arg1	caseinate					617:625	sodium caseinate	610:625	sodium caseinate	610:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	22	theme	different	557:565	arg1	surfactants					567:577	different surfactants	557:577	different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate	557:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	0	23	theme	Physico-chemical	0:15	arg1	state					17:21	Physico-chemical state	0:21	Physico-chemical state	0:21	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	1	24	with	compound	117:124	arg1	effects					139:145	diverse effects	131:145	diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products	131:192	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	5	25	theme	curcumin	863:870	arg1	dissolution					848:858	In vitro dissolution	839:858	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads	839:881	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	0	26	theme	in	34:35	arg1	profile					51:57	in vitro release profile	34:57	in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads	34:87	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	1	27	theme	poor	275:278	arg1	solubility					286:295	its poor water solubility	271:295	its poor water solubility	271:295	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	9	28	theme	curcumin	1548:1555	arg1	solubility					1557:1566	the low curcumin solubility	1540:1566	the low curcumin solubility	1540:1566	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	8	29	theme	curcumin	1347:1354	arg1	part					1339:1342	a part	1337:1342	a part of curcumin	1337:1354	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	4	30	theme	physical	726:733	arg1	state					735:739	physical state	726:739	physical state	726:739	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	1	31	theme	water	280:284	arg1	solubility					286:295	its poor water solubility	271:295	its poor water solubility	271:295	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	8	32	theme	FLIM	1312:1315	arg1	studies					1317:1323	the FLIM studies	1308:1323	the FLIM studies	1308:1323	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	0	33	from	beads	83:87	arg1	profile					51:57	in vitro release profile	34:57	in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads	34:87	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	3	34	dep	surfactants	567:577	arg1	®					603:603	®	603:603	®	603:603	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	34	dep	surfactants	567:577	arg1	®					588:588	®	588:588	®	588:588	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	34	dep	surfactants	567:577	arg1	surfactants					567:577	different surfactants	557:577	different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate	557:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	34	dep	surfactants	567:577	arg1	Transcutol					592:601	Transcutol	592:601	Transcutol(®)	592:604	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	34	dep	surfactants	567:577	arg1	caseinate					617:625	sodium caseinate	610:625	sodium caseinate	610:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	34	dep	surfactants	567:577	arg1	Solutol					580:586	Solutol	580:586	Solutol(®)	580:589	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	7	35	theme	sodium	1200:1205	arg1	beads					1217:1221	sodium caseinate beads	1200:1221	sodium caseinate beads	1200:1221	In contrast, drug release was slower from sodium caseinate beads since curcumin was not totally dissolved during the manufacturing process.
25009104	0	36	theme	release	43:49	arg1	profile					51:57	in vitro release profile	34:57	in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads	34:87	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	9	37	theme	matrix	1596:1601	arg1	release					1521:1527	a slow drug release	1509:1527	a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility	1509:1566	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	9	37	theme	matrix	1596:1601	arg1	density					1581:1587	the high density	1572:1587	the high density of the matrix	1572:1601	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	3	38	theme	sodium	610:615	arg1	caseinate					617:625	sodium caseinate	610:625	sodium caseinate	610:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	3	38	theme	sodium	610:615	arg1	surfactants					567:577	different surfactants	557:577	different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate	557:625	In this paper, curcumin was encapsulated by ionotropic gelation method in low methoxyl pectin beads associated with different surfactants: Solutol(®), Transcutol(®) and sodium caseinate.
25009104	9	39	theme	slow	1511:1514	arg1	release					1521:1527	a slow drug release	1509:1527	a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility	1509:1566	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	7	40	theme	manufacturing	1275:1287	arg1	process					1289:1295	the manufacturing process	1271:1295	the manufacturing process	1271:1295	In contrast, drug release was slower from sodium caseinate beads since curcumin was not totally dissolved during the manufacturing process.
25009104	9	41	theme	drug	1516:1519	arg1	release					1521:1527	a slow drug release	1509:1527	a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility	1509:1566	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	1	42	theme	functional	217:226	arg1	foods					228:232	functional foods	217:232	functional foods	217:232	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	8	43	theme	curcumin	1458:1465	arg1	release					1467:1473	the curcumin release	1454:1473	the curcumin release	1454:1473	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	1	44	theme	polyphenolic	104:115	arg1	Curcumin					90:97	Curcumin	90:97	Curcumin	90:97	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	1	44	theme	polyphenolic	104:115	arg1	compound					117:124	a polyphenolic compound	102:124	a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products	102:192	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	4	45	theme	encapsulation	799:811	arg1	yield					813:817	encapsulation yield	799:817	encapsulation yield	799:817	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	9	46	theme	high	1576:1579	arg1	density					1581:1587	the high density	1572:1587	the high density of the matrix	1572:1601	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	4	47	theme	encapsulated	680:691	arg1	curcumin					693:700	encapsulated curcumin	680:700	encapsulated curcumin	680:700	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	1	48	theme	alkaline	319:326	arg1	conditions					328:337	alkaline conditions	319:337	alkaline conditions	319:337	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	9	49	theme	Transcutol	1480:1489	arg1	beads					1491:1495	The Transcutol beads	1476:1495	The Transcutol beads	1476:1495	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	4	50	theme	encapsulation	763:775	arg1	efficiency					777:786	encapsulation efficiency	763:786	encapsulation efficiency	763:786	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	0	51	dep	in	34:35	arg1	vitro					37:41	vitro	37:41	vitro	37:41	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	1	52	from	formulation	202:212	arg1	foods					228:232	functional foods	217:232	functional foods	217:232	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	1	52	from	formulation	202:212	arg1	supplement					245:254	food supplement	240:254	food supplement	240:254	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	6	53	theme	good	1003:1006	arg1	solvent					1008:1014	a good solvent	1001:1014	a good solvent for curcumin	1001:1027	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	6	53	theme	good	1003:1006	arg1	Solutol					986:992	Solutol	986:992	Solutol(®)	986:995	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	4	54	theme	tautomeric	742:751	arg1	forms					753:757	tautomeric forms	742:757	tautomeric forms	742:757	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	5	55	theme	kinetic	903:909	arg1	profiles					911:918	different kinetic profiles	893:918	different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network	893:980	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	5	56	theme	different	957:965	arg1	network					974:980	different matrix network	957:980	different matrix network	957:980	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	1	57	theme	diverse	131:137	arg1	effects					139:145	diverse effects	131:145	diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products	131:192	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	5	58	theme	In	839:840	arg1	dissolution					848:858	In vitro dissolution	839:858	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads	839:881	In vitro dissolution of curcumin from beads displayed different kinetic profiles according to bead composition due to different matrix network.
25009104	9	59	theme	low	1544:1546	arg1	solubility					1557:1566	the low curcumin solubility	1540:1566	the low curcumin solubility	1540:1566	The Transcutol beads showed also a slow drug release because of the low curcumin solubility and the high density of the matrix.
25009104	4	60	theme	physico-chemical	649:664	arg1	efficiency					777:786	encapsulation efficiency	763:786	encapsulation efficiency	763:786	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	60	theme	physico-chemical	649:664	arg1	state					735:739	physical state	726:739	physical state	726:739	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	60	theme	physico-chemical	649:664	arg1	forms					753:757	tautomeric forms	742:757	tautomeric forms	742:757	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	60	theme	physico-chemical	649:664	arg1	properties					666:675	physico-chemical properties	649:675	physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield	649:817	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	60	theme	physico-chemical	649:664	arg1	solubility					714:723	its solubility	710:723	its solubility	710:723	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	4	60	theme	physico-chemical	649:664	arg1	yield					813:817	encapsulation yield	799:817	encapsulation yield	799:817	After encapsulation, physico-chemical properties of encapsulated curcumin such as its solubility, physical state, tautomeric forms and encapsulation efficiency as well as encapsulation yield were characterized.
25009104	1	61	theme	benefit	177:183	arg1	products					185:192	health benefit products	170:192	health benefit products	170:192	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	0	62	theme	curcumin	62:69	arg1	profile					51:57	in vitro release profile	34:57	in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads	34:87	Physico-chemical state influences in vitro release profile of curcumin from pectin beads.
25009104	8	63	theme	keto	1428:1431	arg1	form					1433:1436	keto form	1428:1436	keto form which may delay the curcumin release	1428:1473	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	8	64	theme	caseinate	1376:1384	arg1	micelles					1386:1393	caseinate micelles	1376:1393	caseinate micelles	1376:1393	Moreover, the FLIM studies showed that a part of curcumin was encapsulated in caseinate micelles and that 34% of this drug was in keto form which may delay the curcumin release.
25009104	6	65	theme	digestive	1140:1148	arg1	fluids					1150:1155	the simulated digestive fluids	1126:1155	the simulated digestive fluids	1126:1155	As Solutol(®) was a good solvent for curcumin, the drug was present into amorphous form in these beads inducing a rapid release of curcumin in the simulated digestive fluids.
25009104	1	66	theme	interesting	147:157	arg1	effects					139:145	diverse effects	131:145	diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products	131:192	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
25009104	1	67	theme	food	240:243	arg1	supplement					245:254	food supplement	240:254	food supplement	240:254	Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with diverse effects interesting to develop health benefit products but its formulation in functional foods or in food supplement is hampered by its poor water solubility and susceptibility to alkaline conditions, light, oxidation and heat.
24633752	11	0	theme	whole	1991:1995	arg1	samples					2003:2009	venous whole blood samples	1984:2009	venous whole blood samples	1984:2009	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	1	contain	containing	1812:1821	arg2	buffer/Na2EDTA					1835:1848	NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA	1823:1848	NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA	1823:1848	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	1	contain	containing	1812:1821	arg1	tubes					1805:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1779:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate)	1779:1884	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	1	contain	containing	1812:1821	arg2	NaF/K2oxalate					1871:1883	NaF/K2oxalate	1871:1883	NaF/K2oxalate	1871:1883	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	1	contain	containing	1812:1821	arg2	NaF/Na-heparin					1851:1864	NaF/Na-heparin	1851:1864	NaF/Na-heparin	1851:1864	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	0	2	with	plasma	24:29	arg1	anticoagulants					46:59	different anticoagulants	36:59	different anticoagulants	36:59	Stability of glucose in plasma with different anticoagulants.
24633752	1	3	theme	accurate	145:152	arg1	measurements					168:179	accurate blood glucose measurements	145:179	accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring	145:228	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	11	4	from	temperature	2057:2067	arg1	h					2047:2047	24 h	2044:2047	24 h at room temperature	2044:2067	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	5	5	theme	different	1093:1101	arg1	composition					1133:1143	a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	1091:1143	a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	1091:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	8	6	theme	Glucose	1391:1397	arg1	Hexokinase					1399:1408	Glucose Hexokinase	1391:1408	Glucose Hexokinase	1391:1408	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	5	7	from	stability	837:845	arg1	samples					868:874	plasma samples	861:874	plasma samples	861:874	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	1	8	theme	blood	154:158	arg1	measurements					168:179	accurate blood glucose measurements	145:179	accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring	145:228	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	8	9	theme	Glucose	1414:1420	arg1	Oxidase					1422:1428	Glucose Oxidase	1414:1428	Glucose Oxidase	1414:1428	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	5	10	theme	anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant	1103:1131	arg1	composition					1133:1143	a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	1091:1143	a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	1091:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	0	11	from	Stability	0:8	arg1	plasma					24:29	plasma	24:29	plasma with different anticoagulants	24:59	Stability of glucose in plasma with different anticoagulants.
24633752	11	12	contain	containing	1934:1943	arg1	tubes					1927:1931	the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes	1890:1931	the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate)	1890:1956	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	12	contain	containing	1934:1943	arg1	suitable					1962:1969	suitable	1962:1969	suitable	1962:1969	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	12	contain	containing	1934:1943	arg2	NaF/citrate					1945:1955	NaF/citrate	1945:1955	NaF/citrate	1945:1955	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	13	theme	GlucoEXACT	1916:1925	arg1	tubes					1927:1931	the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes	1890:1931	the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate)	1890:1956	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	13	theme	GlucoEXACT	1916:1925	arg1	suitable					1962:1969	suitable	1962:1969	suitable	1962:1969	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	14	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1767:1777	arg1	tubes					1805:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1779:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate)	1779:1884	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	9	15	contain	contained	1652:1660	arg1	tube					1642:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube	1606:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate	1606:1672	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	9	15	contain	contained	1652:1660	arg2	NaF/citrate					1662:1672	NaF/citrate	1662:1672	NaF/citrate	1662:1672	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	1	16	theme	BACKGROUND	62:71	arg1	People					73:78	BACKGROUND People	62:78	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant,	62:133	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	2	17	theme	glucose	279:285	arg1	concentrations					287:300	glucose concentrations	279:300	glucose concentrations in blood that is collected at room temperature in the absence of a stabilizer	279:378	Glycolysis after blood draw, however, decreases glucose concentrations in blood that is collected at room temperature in the absence of a stabilizer.
24633752	5	18	dep	METHODS	964:970	arg1	collected					989:997	collected	989:997	was collected from 60 volunteers	985:1016	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	4	19	theme	room	673:676	arg1	temperature					678:688	room temperature	673:688	room temperature	673:688	Therefore, preservatives are used to stabilize glucose during blood collection and processing procedures that are performed at room temperature.
24633752	5	20	theme	glucose	850:856	arg1	stability					837:845	the stability	833:845	the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	833:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	11	21	theme	Terumo	1779:1784	arg1	tubes					1805:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1779:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate)	1779:1884	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	1	22	theme	glucose	160:166	arg1	measurements					168:179	accurate blood glucose measurements	145:179	accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring	145:228	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	5	23	theme	different	725:733	arg1	anticoagulants					735:748	different anticoagulants	725:748	different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate)	725:773	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	6	24	theme	buffer	1200:1205	arg1	/Na2EDTA					1207:1214	NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA	1188:1214	NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA	1188:1214	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	2	25	dep	blood	248:252	arg1	draw					254:257	draw	254:257	draw	254:257	Glycolysis after blood draw, however, decreases glucose concentrations in blood that is collected at room temperature in the absence of a stabilizer.
24633752	5	26	theme	donor	1024:1028	arg1	sample					1036:1041	each donor blood sample	1019:1041	each donor blood sample	1019:1041	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	6	27	theme	NaF/citrate	1188:1198	arg1	/Na2EDTA					1207:1214	NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA	1188:1214	NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA	1188:1214	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	5	28	from	samples	868:874	arg1	stability					837:845	the stability	833:845	the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	833:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	9	29	theme	Terumo	1569:1574	arg1	tubes					1595:1599	the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1559:1599	the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1559:1599	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	2	30	theme	stabilizer	369:378	arg1	absence					356:362	the absence	352:362	the absence of a stabilizer	352:378	Glycolysis after blood draw, however, decreases glucose concentrations in blood that is collected at room temperature in the absence of a stabilizer.
24633752	3	31	theme	Cold	381:384	arg1	4°C					400:402	4°C	400:402	4°C	400:402	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	3	31	theme	Cold	381:384	arg1	temperatures					386:397	Cold temperatures	381:397	Cold temperatures (4°C)	381:403	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	8	32	theme	Clinical	1459:1466	arg1	Chemistry					1468:1476	the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry	1443:1476	the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry	1443:1476	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	9	33	theme	VENOSAFE™	1576:1584	arg1	tubes					1595:1599	the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1559:1599	the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1559:1599	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	5	34	from	glucose	850:856	arg1	samples					868:874	plasma samples	861:874	plasma samples	861:874	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	7	35	contain	contained	1267:1275	arg2	NaF/Na2EDTA					1290:1300	NaF/Na2EDTA	1290:1300	NaF/Na2EDTA	1290:1300	Sarstedt tubes contained NaF/citrate; NaF/Na2EDTA; and K2EDTA.
24633752	7	35	contain	contained	1267:1275	arg2	NaF/citrate					1277:1287	NaF/citrate	1277:1287	NaF/citrate	1277:1287	Sarstedt tubes contained NaF/citrate; NaF/Na2EDTA; and K2EDTA.
24633752	7	35	contain	contained	1267:1275	arg2	K2EDTA					1307:1312	K2EDTA	1307:1312	K2EDTA	1307:1312	Sarstedt tubes contained NaF/citrate; NaF/Na2EDTA; and K2EDTA.
24633752	7	35	contain	contained	1267:1275	arg1	tubes					1261:1265	Sarstedt tubes	1252:1265	Sarstedt tubes	1252:1265	Sarstedt tubes contained NaF/citrate; NaF/Na2EDTA; and K2EDTA.
24633752	6	36	contain	contained	1178:1186	arg2	NaF/Na-heparin					1217:1230	NaF/Na-heparin	1217:1230	NaF/Na-heparin	1217:1230	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	6	36	contain	contained	1178:1186	arg2	/Na2EDTA					1207:1214	NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA	1188:1214	NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA	1188:1214	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	6	36	contain	contained	1178:1186	arg2	NaF/K2oxalate					1237:1249	NaF/K2oxalate	1237:1249	NaF/K2oxalate	1237:1249	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	6	36	contain	contained	1178:1186	arg1	tubes					1172:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1146:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1146:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	1	37	theme	correct	185:191	arg1	diagnosis					193:201	correct diagnosis	185:201	correct diagnosis of diabetes	185:213	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	10	38	contain	containing	1706:1715	arg2	%					1740:1740	11.7%	1736:1740	11.7%	1736:1740	Glycolysis was higher in tubes containing NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%) and K2EDTA-alone (85%).
24633752	10	38	contain	containing	1706:1715	arg2	NaF/Na2EDTA-alone					1717:1733	NaF/Na2EDTA-alone	1717:1733	NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%)	1717:1741	Glycolysis was higher in tubes containing NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%) and K2EDTA-alone (85%).
24633752	10	38	contain	containing	1706:1715	arg1	tubes					1700:1704	tubes	1700:1704	tubes containing NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%) and K2EDTA-alone (85%)	1700:1764	Glycolysis was higher in tubes containing NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%) and K2EDTA-alone (85%).
24633752	10	38	contain	containing	1706:1715	arg2	K2EDTA-alone					1747:1758	K2EDTA-alone	1747:1758	K2EDTA-alone (85%)	1747:1764	Glycolysis was higher in tubes containing NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%) and K2EDTA-alone (85%).
24633752	10	38	contain	containing	1706:1715	arg2	%					1763:1763	85%	1761:1763	85%	1761:1763	Glycolysis was higher in tubes containing NaF/Na2EDTA-alone (11.7%) and K2EDTA-alone (85%).
24633752	8	39	theme	ADVIA®	1447:1452	arg1	Chemistry					1468:1476	the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry	1443:1476	the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry	1443:1476	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	9	40	theme	Glycemia	1586:1593	arg1	tubes					1595:1599	the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1559:1599	the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1559:1599	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	3	41	theme	routine	519:525	arg1	practice					536:543	routine clinical practice	519:543	routine clinical practice	519:543	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	11	42	theme	room	2052:2055	arg1	temperature					2057:2067	room temperature	2052:2067	room temperature	2052:2067	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	4	43	theme	blood	608:612	arg1	collection					614:623	blood collection	608:623	blood collection	608:623	Therefore, preservatives are used to stabilize glucose during blood collection and processing procedures that are performed at room temperature.
24633752	0	44	theme	glucose	13:19	arg1	Stability					0:8	Stability	0:8	Stability of glucose in plasma with different anticoagulants.	0:60	Stability of glucose in plasma with different anticoagulants.
24633752	11	45	theme	NaF/citrate	1823:1833	arg1	buffer/Na2EDTA					1835:1848	NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA	1823:1848	NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA	1823:1848	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	5	46	contain	containing	1080:1089	arg1	tubes					1064:1068	six tubes	1060:1068	six tubes	1060:1068	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	46	contain	containing	1080:1089	arg1	one					1076:1078	one	1076:1078	one	1076:1078	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	46	contain	containing	1080:1089	arg2	composition					1133:1143	a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	1091:1143	a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	1091:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	3	47	theme	clinical	527:534	arg1	practice					536:543	routine clinical practice	519:543	routine clinical practice	519:543	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	7	48	theme	Sarstedt	1252:1259	arg1	tubes					1261:1265	Sarstedt tubes	1252:1265	Sarstedt tubes	1252:1265	Sarstedt tubes contained NaF/citrate; NaF/Na2EDTA; and K2EDTA.
24633752	1	49	with	People	73:78	arg1	hyperglycemia					85:97	hyperglycemia	85:97	hyperglycemia	85:97	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	1	49	with	People	73:78	arg1	those					111:115	those	111:115	those	111:115	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	3	50	theme	sample	473:478	arg1	processing					448:457	processing	448:457	processing of each blood sample in the cold	448:490	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	4	51	used	used	575:578	arg2	preservatives					557:569	preservatives	557:569	preservatives	557:569	Therefore, preservatives are used to stabilize glucose during blood collection and processing procedures that are performed at room temperature.
24633752	11	52	theme	VENOSAFE™	1786:1794	arg1	tubes					1805:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1779:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate)	1779:1884	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	1	53	theme	diabetes	206:213	arg1	monitoring					219:228	monitoring	219:228	monitoring	219:228	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	1	53	theme	diabetes	206:213	arg1	diagnosis					193:201	correct diagnosis	185:201	correct diagnosis of diabetes	185:213	BACKGROUND People with hyperglycemia, especially those who are pregnant, depend on accurate blood glucose measurements for correct diagnosis of diabetes and monitoring.
24633752	5	54	dep	24	958:959	arg1	to					955:956	to	955:956	to	955:956	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	8	55	theme	glucose	1360:1366	arg1	measurements					1368:1379	glucose measurements	1360:1379	glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System	1360:1483	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	6	56	theme	Glycemia	1163:1170	arg1	tubes					1172:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1146:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1146:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	11	57	theme	blood	1997:2001	arg1	samples					2003:2009	venous whole blood samples	1984:2009	venous whole blood samples	1984:2009	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	5	58	from	effect	715:720	arg1	stability					837:845	the stability	833:845	the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	833:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	9	59	theme	minimal	1520:1526	arg1	glycolysis					1528:1537	minimal glycolysis	1520:1537	minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1520:1599	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	11	60	theme	venous	1984:1989	arg1	samples					2003:2009	venous whole blood samples	1984:2009	venous whole blood samples	1984:2009	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	3	61	theme	blood	467:471	arg1	sample					473:478	each blood sample	462:478	each blood sample	462:478	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	0	62	theme	different	36:44	arg1	anticoagulants					46:59	different anticoagulants	36:59	different anticoagulants	36:59	Stability of glucose in plasma with different anticoagulants.
24633752	9	63	theme	Sarstedt	1610:1617	arg1	tube					1642:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube	1606:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate	1606:1672	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	5	64	theme	h.	961:962	arg1	METHODS					964:970	up to 24 h. METHODS	952:970	up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	952:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	6	65	theme	Terumo	1146:1151	arg1	tubes					1172:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1146:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1146:1176	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes contained NaF/citrate buffer)/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate.
24633752	2	66	theme	room	332:335	arg1	temperature					337:347	room temperature	332:347	room temperature	332:347	Glycolysis after blood draw, however, decreases glucose concentrations in blood that is collected at room temperature in the absence of a stabilizer.
24633752	9	67	theme	S-Monovette	1619:1629	arg1	tube					1642:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube	1606:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate	1606:1672	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	8	68	dep	Hexokinase	1399:1408	arg1	the					1387:1389	the	1387:1389	the	1387:1389	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	8	68	dep	Hexokinase	1399:1408	arg1	methods					1430:1436	methods	1430:1436	methods	1430:1436	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	8	68	dep	Hexokinase	1399:1408	arg1	System					1478:1483	System	1478:1483	System	1478:1483	At 0, 2, 8 and 24 h, plasma was obtained for glucose measurements using the Glucose Hexokinase and Glucose Oxidase methods, and the ADVIA® 1800 Clinical Chemistry System.
24633752	3	69	from	processing	448:457	arg1	cold					487:490	the cold	483:490	the cold	483:490	Cold temperatures (4°C) inhibit glycolysis; but prompt cooling and processing of each blood sample in the cold is difficult to achieve in routine clinical practice.
24633752	5	70	theme	plasma	861:866	arg1	samples					868:874	plasma samples	861:874	plasma samples	861:874	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	9	71	theme	GlucoEXACT	1631:1640	arg1	tube					1642:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube	1606:1645	the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate	1606:1672	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	5	72	theme	Venous	972:977	arg1	blood					979:983	Venous blood	972:983	Venous blood	972:983	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	73	dep	NaF	815:817	arg1	citrate					820:826	citrate	820:826	citrate	820:826	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	2	74	from	concentrations	287:300	arg1	blood					305:309	blood	305:309	blood	305:309	Glycolysis after blood draw, however, decreases glucose concentrations in blood that is collected at room temperature in the absence of a stabilizer.
24633752	5	75	theme	anticoagulants	735:748	arg1	effect					715:720	the effect	711:720	the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition	711:1143	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	76	theme	room	931:934	arg1	temperature					936:946	room temperature	931:946	room temperature	931:946	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	77	theme	glycolysis	792:801	arg1	NaF					815:817	NaF	815:817	NaF	815:817	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	77	theme	glycolysis	792:801	arg1	inhibitors					803:812	glycolysis inhibitors	792:812	glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate)	792:827	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	9	78	dep	RESULTS	1486:1492	arg1	Both					1494:1497	Both	1494:1497	Both	1494:1497	RESULTS Both methods demonstrated minimal glycolysis by 24 h (<3.8%) for the three Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes, and the Sarstedt S-Monovette GlucoEXACT tube that contained NaF/citrate.
24633752	4	79	theme	processing	629:638	arg1	procedures					640:649	processing procedures	629:649	processing procedures	629:649	Therefore, preservatives are used to stabilize glucose during blood collection and processing procedures that are performed at room temperature.
24633752	5	80	theme	blood	1030:1034	arg1	sample					1036:1041	each donor blood sample	1019:1041	each donor blood sample	1019:1041	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	81	dep	anticoagulants	735:748	arg1	oxalate					766:772	oxalate	766:772	oxalate	766:772	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	81	dep	anticoagulants	735:748	arg1	heparin					757:763	heparin	757:763	heparin	757:763	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	5	81	dep	anticoagulants	735:748	arg1	EDTA					751:754	EDTA	751:754	EDTA	751:754	This study examined the effect of different anticoagulants (EDTA, heparin, oxalate), with or without glycolysis inhibitors (NaF, citrate), on the stability of glucose in plasma samples - obtained from blood that was collected and stored at room temperature for up to 24 h. METHODS Venous blood was collected from 60 volunteers; each donor blood sample was divided into six tubes, each one containing a different anti-glycolysis-anticoagulant composition.
24633752	11	82	theme	testing	2018:2024	arg1	laboratory					2026:2035	the testing laboratory	2014:2035	the testing laboratory	2014:2035	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
24633752	11	83	theme	Glycemia	1796:1803	arg1	tubes					1805:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes	1779:1809	Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate)	1779:1884	CONCLUSIONS Terumo VENOSAFE™ Glycemia tubes (containing NaF/citrate buffer/Na2EDTA; NaF/Na-heparin; and NaF/K2oxalate) and the Sarstedt S-Monovette® GlucoEXACT tubes (containing NaF/citrate) are suitable for shipping venous whole blood samples to the testing laboratory within 24 h at room temperature.
26742430	0	0	theme	components	85:94	arg1	Role					65:68	Role	65:68	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.	0:123	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	1	1	theme	nanocrystal-containing	144:165	arg1	powders					167:173	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders	125:173	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders	125:173	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	0	2	theme	formulation	73:83	arg1	components					85:94	formulation components	73:94	formulation components studied by a mixture design	73:122	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	6	3	theme	dissolution	990:1000	arg1	profile					1002:1008	in vitro dissolution profile	981:1008	in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug	981:1048	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	6	4	theme	micronized	1034:1043	arg1	drug					1045:1048	the micronized drug	1030:1048	the micronized drug	1030:1048	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	3	5	from	role	390:393	arg1	size					432:435	the size	428:435	the size of re-dispersed particles	428:461	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	5	6	dep	re-dispersion	862:874	arg1	prompt					855:860	prompt	855:860	prompt	855:860	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	6	7	theme	in	981:982	arg1	profile					1002:1008	in vitro dissolution profile	981:1008	in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug	981:1048	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	1	8	theme	spray	256:260	arg1	SD					270:271	SD	270:271	SD	270:271	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	1	8	theme	spray	256:260	arg1	drying					262:267	spray drying	256:267	spray drying (SD)	256:272	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	4	9	theme	powder	730:735	arg1	comminution					691:701	the efficient comminution	677:701	the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder	677:735	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	3	10	theme	Scheffé	505:511	arg1	model					513:517	a Scheffé model	503:517	a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters	503:594	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	1	11	theme	drying	262:267	arg1	use					210:212	the combined use	197:212	the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD)	197:272	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	0	12	theme	mixture	109:115	arg1	design					117:122	a mixture design	107:122	a mixture design	107:122	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	6	13	theme	potential	1064:1072	arg1	absorption					1089:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption	1062:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions	1062:1148	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	5	14	theme	cellulose	800:808	arg1	derivative					810:819	a cellulose derivative	798:819	a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions	798:917	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	5	14	theme	cellulose	800:808	arg1	E5					834:835	Methocel(®) E5	822:835	Methocel(®) E5	822:835	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	6	15	theme	systems	966:972	arg1	drying					944:949	drying	944:949	drying of homogenized systems	944:972	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	5	16	theme	®	831:831	arg1	derivative					810:819	a cellulose derivative	798:819	a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions	798:917	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	5	16	theme	®	831:831	arg1	E5					834:835	Methocel(®) E5	822:835	Methocel(®) E5	822:835	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	4	17	theme	surface	635:641	arg1	Tween					657:661	Tween	657:661	Tween	657:661	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	4	17	theme	surface	635:641	arg1	agent					650:654	a surface active agent	633:654	a surface active agent (Tween 20)	633:665	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	6	18	attach	released	1116:1123	arg1	nanosuspensions					1134:1148	the nanosuspensions	1130:1148	the nanosuspensions	1130:1148	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	6	18	attach	released	1116:1123	arg2	itraconazole					1103:1114	itraconazole	1103:1114	itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions	1103:1148	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	6	19	dep	in	981:982	arg1	vitro					984:988	vitro	984:988	vitro	984:988	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	6	20	theme	itraconazole	1103:1114	arg1	absorption					1089:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption	1062:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions	1062:1148	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	0	21	theme	itraconazole	10:21	arg1	powders					23:29	Nanonized itraconazole powders	0:29	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.	0:123	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	5	22	theme	nanoparticles	879:891	arg1	re-dispersion					862:874	the prompt re-dispersion	851:874	the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles	851:891	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	6	23	theme	faster	1010:1015	arg1	profile					1002:1008	in vitro dissolution profile	981:1008	in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug	981:1048	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	2	24	theme	suspensions	361:371	arg1	preparation					329:339	the preparation	325:339	the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug	325:383	These powders were intended as base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug.
26742430	0	25	theme	Nanonized	0:8	arg1	powders					23:29	Nanonized itraconazole powders	0:29	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.	0:123	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	5	26	theme	Methocel	822:829	arg1	derivative					810:819	a cellulose derivative	798:819	a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions	798:917	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	5	26	theme	Methocel	822:829	arg1	E5					834:835	Methocel(®) E5	822:835	Methocel(®) E5	822:835	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	3	27	theme	dried	532:536	arg1	composition					553:563	the dried nanosuspension composition	528:563	the dried nanosuspension composition	528:563	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	2	28	theme	oral	356:359	arg1	suspensions					361:371	extemporary oral suspensions	344:371	extemporary oral suspensions of the drug	344:383	These powders were intended as base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug.
26742430	4	29	theme	micronized	719:728	arg1	powder					730:735	itraconazole micronized powder	706:735	itraconazole micronized powder	706:735	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	1	30	theme	combined	201:208	arg1	use					210:212	the combined use	197:212	the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD)	197:272	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	4	31	theme	itraconazole	706:717	arg1	powder					730:735	itraconazole micronized powder	706:735	itraconazole micronized powder	706:735	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	5	32	theme	"	906:906	arg1	conditions					908:917	" conditions	906:917	" conditions	906:917	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	0	33	theme	oral	47:50	arg1	suspensions					52:62	extemporary oral suspensions	35:62	extemporary oral suspensions	35:62	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	5	34	theme	derivative	810:819	arg1	addition					786:793	addition	786:793	addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions	786:917	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	4	35	theme	active	643:648	arg1	Tween					657:661	Tween	657:661	Tween	657:661	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	4	35	theme	active	643:648	arg1	agent					650:654	a surface active agent	633:654	a surface active agent (Tween 20)	633:665	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	3	36	theme	stabilizers	413:423	arg1	effect					403:408	the effect	399:408	the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles	399:461	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	3	36	theme	stabilizers	413:423	arg1	role					390:393	The role	386:393	The role	386:393	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	0	37	theme	extemporary	35:45	arg1	suspensions					52:62	extemporary oral suspensions	35:62	extemporary oral suspensions	35:62	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	1	38	theme	high	217:220	arg1	HPH					247:249	HPH	247:249	HPH	247:249	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	1	38	theme	high	217:220	arg1	homogenization					231:244	high pressure homogenization	217:244	high pressure homogenization (HPH)	217:250	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	3	39	theme	nanosuspension	538:551	arg1	composition					553:563	the dried nanosuspension composition	528:563	the dried nanosuspension composition	528:563	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	3	40	theme	particles	453:461	arg1	size					432:435	the size	428:435	the size of re-dispersed particles	428:461	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	5	41	theme	ITZ	760:762	arg1	nanosuspensions					764:778	ITZ nanosuspensions	760:778	ITZ nanosuspensions	760:778	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26742430	4	42	theme	efficient	681:689	arg1	comminution					691:701	the efficient comminution	677:701	the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder	677:735	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	6	43	theme	homogenized	954:964	arg1	systems					966:972	homogenized systems	954:972	homogenized systems	954:972	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	2	44	theme	base	306:309	arg1	materials					311:319	base materials	306:319	base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug	306:383	These powders were intended as base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug.
26742430	2	44	theme	base	306:309	arg1	powders					281:287	These powders	275:287	These powders	275:287	These powders were intended as base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug.
26742430	6	45	theme	GI	1086:1087	arg1	absorption					1089:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption	1062:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions	1062:1148	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	1	46	theme	pressure	222:229	arg1	HPH					247:249	HPH	247:249	HPH	247:249	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	1	46	theme	pressure	222:229	arg1	homogenization					231:244	high pressure homogenization	217:244	high pressure homogenization (HPH)	217:250	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	0	47	dep	powders	23:29	arg1	Role					65:68	Role	65:68	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.	0:123	Nanonized itraconazole powders for extemporary oral suspensions: Role of formulation components studied by a mixture design.
26742430	3	48	theme	re-dispersed	440:451	arg1	particles					453:461	re-dispersed particles	440:461	re-dispersed particles	440:461	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	1	49	theme	homogenization	231:244	arg1	use					210:212	the combined use	197:212	the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD)	197:272	Itraconazole (ITZ) nanocrystal-containing powders were prepared through the combined use of high pressure homogenization (HPH) and spray drying (SD).
26742430	2	50	theme	drug	380:383	arg1	suspensions					361:371	extemporary oral suspensions	344:371	extemporary oral suspensions of the drug	344:383	These powders were intended as base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug.
26742430	3	51	theme	mean	572:575	arg1	diameters					586:594	the mean particle diameters	568:594	the mean particle diameters	568:594	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	4	52	theme	homogenization	601:614	arg1	process					616:622	The homogenization process	597:622	The homogenization process	597:622	The homogenization process required a surface active agent (Tween 20) to obtain the efficient comminution of itraconazole micronized powder.
26742430	2	53	theme	extemporary	344:354	arg1	suspensions					361:371	extemporary oral suspensions	344:371	extemporary oral suspensions of the drug	344:383	These powders were intended as base materials for the preparation of extemporary oral suspensions of the drug.
26742430	6	54	theme	ameliorated	1074:1084	arg1	absorption					1089:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption	1062:1098	a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions	1062:1148	The powders obtained by drying of homogenized systems showed in vitro dissolution profile faster than that of the micronized drug, suggesting a potential ameliorated GI absorption of itraconazole released from the nanosuspensions.
26742430	3	55	theme	particle	577:584	arg1	diameters					586:594	the mean particle diameters	568:594	the mean particle diameters	568:594	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	3	56	from	effect	403:408	arg1	size					432:435	the size	428:435	the size of re-dispersed particles	428:461	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	3	57	theme	mixture	484:490	arg1	design					492:497	a mixture design	482:497	a mixture design	482:497	The role and the effect of stabilizers on the size of re-dispersed particles were studied using a mixture design and a Scheffé model relating the dried nanosuspension composition to the mean particle diameters.
26742430	5	58	from	conditions	908:917	arg1	use					903:905	use	903:905	use	903:905	SD was carried out on ITZ nanosuspensions after addition of a cellulose derivative (Methocel(®) E5) that allowed the prompt re-dispersion of nanoparticles under "in use" conditions.
26479447	0	0	theme	Cranberry	89:97	arg1	Beans					99:103	Nondarkening Cranberry Beans	76:103	Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)	76:127	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	1	1	theme	free	309:312	arg1	phenolics					337:345	free, conjugated, and bound phenolics	309:345	free, conjugated, and bound phenolics	309:345	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	3	2	theme	phenolic	483:490	arg1	content					492:498	Total phenolic content	477:498	Total phenolic content	477:498	Total phenolic content decreased after cooking and digestion, whereas individual phenolic compounds were affected differently.
26479447	7	3	theme	digestible	1122:1131	arg1	contents					1140:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents	1101:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents	1101:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents showed no differences between RR and CND.
26479447	0	4	theme	Nondarkening	76:87	arg1	Beans					99:103	Nondarkening Cranberry Beans	76:103	Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)	76:127	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	5	from	Properties	16:25	arg1	Activity					206:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	5	from	Properties	16:25	arg1	Bioaccessibility					150:165	Bioaccessibility	150:165	Bioaccessibility	150:165	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	5	from	Properties	16:25	arg1	Composition					177:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	6	theme	Phenolic	168:175	arg1	Composition					177:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	2	7	theme	fractions	466:474	arg1	bioaccessibility					431:446	the bioaccessibility	427:446	the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions	427:474	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	6	8	theme	acids	1076:1080	arg1	amounts					1056:1062	similar amounts	1048:1062	similar amounts of phenolic acids	1048:1080	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	6	8	theme	acids	1076:1080	arg1	acids					1076:1080	phenolic acids	1067:1080	phenolic acids	1067:1080	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	1	9	theme	conjugated	315:324	arg1	phenolics					337:345	free, conjugated, and bound phenolics	309:345	free, conjugated, and bound phenolics	309:345	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	4	10	theme	sinapic	750:756	arg1	acids					758:762	p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids	725:762	p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes	725:780	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	0	11	theme	Beans	99:103	arg1	Digestibility					40:52	in Vitro Digestibility	31:52	in Vitro Digestibility	31:52	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	11	theme	Beans	99:103	arg1	Properties					16:25	Physicochemical Properties	0:25	Physicochemical Properties	0:25	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	11	theme	Beans	99:103	arg1	Effects					139:145	Their Effects	133:145	Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity	133:213	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	4	12	dep	increased	626:634	arg1	whereas					698:704	whereas	698:704	whereas	698:704	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	1	13	theme	nondarkening	254:265	arg1	genotypes					273:281	regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes	237:281	regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes	237:281	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	2	14	used	used	412:415	arg2	digestion					398:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	4	15	theme	only	839:842	arg1	RR					844:845	only RR	839:845	only RR	839:845	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	6	16	theme	phenolic	1067:1074	arg1	acids					1076:1080	phenolic acids	1067:1080	phenolic acids	1067:1080	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	2	17	theme	Simulated	362:370	arg1	digestion					398:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	0	18	theme	Phaseolus	106:114	arg1	L.					125:126	L.	125:126	L.	125:126	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	18	theme	Phaseolus	106:114	arg1	vulgaris					116:123	Phaseolus vulgaris	106:123	Phaseolus vulgaris L.	106:126	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	19	from	Digestibility	40:52	arg1	Activity					206:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	19	from	Digestibility	40:52	arg1	Bioaccessibility					150:165	Bioaccessibility	150:165	Bioaccessibility	150:165	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	19	from	Digestibility	40:52	arg1	Composition					177:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	20	theme	Antioxidant	194:204	arg1	Activity					206:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	4	21	from	acids	758:762	arg1	genotypes					772:780	both genotypes	767:780	both genotypes	767:780	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	0	22	dep	Beans	99:103	arg1	L.					125:126	L.	125:126	L.	125:126	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	22	dep	Beans	99:103	arg1	vulgaris					116:123	Phaseolus vulgaris	106:123	Phaseolus vulgaris L.	106:126	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	8	23	theme	lower	1222:1226	arg1	content					1237:1243	the lower phenolic content	1218:1243	the lower phenolic content in raw CND	1218:1254	These results suggest that the lower phenolic content in raw CND may not completely negate its impact on gut health.
26479447	2	24	theme	phenolic	457:464	arg1	fractions					466:474	these phenolic fractions	451:474	these phenolic fractions	451:474	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	3	25	theme	phenolic	558:565	arg1	compounds					567:575	individual phenolic compounds	547:575	individual phenolic compounds	547:575	Total phenolic content decreased after cooking and digestion, whereas individual phenolic compounds were affected differently.
26479447	0	26	from	Effects	139:145	arg1	Activity					206:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Antioxidant Activity	194:213	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	26	from	Effects	139:145	arg1	Bioaccessibility					150:165	Bioaccessibility	150:165	Bioaccessibility	150:165	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	26	from	Effects	139:145	arg1	Composition					177:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Phenolic Composition	168:187	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	5	27	theme	phenolics	868:876	arg1	Bioaccessibility					848:863	Bioaccessibility	848:863	Bioaccessibility of phenolics in RR and CND	848:890	Bioaccessibility of phenolics in RR and CND was 8.75 and 14.69%, respectively.
26479447	0	28	theme	Physicochemical	0:14	arg1	Properties					16:25	Physicochemical Properties	0:25	Physicochemical Properties	0:25	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	8	29	theme	phenolic	1228:1235	arg1	content					1237:1243	the lower phenolic content	1218:1243	the lower phenolic content in raw CND	1218:1254	These results suggest that the lower phenolic content in raw CND may not completely negate its impact on gut health.
26479447	8	30	theme	raw	1248:1250	arg1	CND					1252:1254	raw CND	1248:1254	raw CND	1248:1254	These results suggest that the lower phenolic content in raw CND may not completely negate its impact on gut health.
26479447	4	31	theme	acids	677:681	arg1	release					640:646	the release	636:646	the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols	636:695	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	0	32	theme	in	31:32	arg1	Digestibility					40:52	in Vitro Digestibility	31:52	in Vitro Digestibility	31:52	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	8	33	from	impact	1286:1291	arg1	health					1300:1305	gut health	1296:1305	gut health	1296:1305	These results suggest that the lower phenolic content in raw CND may not completely negate its impact on gut health.
26479447	6	34	theme	total	941:945	arg1	phenolics					947:955	total phenolics	941:955	total phenolics	941:955	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	1	35	dep	regular	237:243	arg1	CND					268:270	CND	268:270	CND	268:270	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	1	35	dep	regular	237:243	arg1	RR					246:247	RR	246:247	RR	246:247	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	3	36	theme	individual	547:556	arg1	compounds					567:575	individual phenolic compounds	547:575	individual phenolic compounds	547:575	Total phenolic content decreased after cooking and digestion, whereas individual phenolic compounds were affected differently.
26479447	2	37	theme	gastrointestinal	381:396	arg1	digestion					398:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	6	38	theme	colonic	1022:1028	arg1	bacteria					1030:1037	colonic bacteria	1022:1037	colonic bacteria	1022:1037	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	4	39	theme	bound	651:655	arg1	acids					677:681	bound ferulic and sinapic acids	651:681	bound ferulic and sinapic acids	651:681	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	6	40	theme	similar	1048:1054	arg1	amounts					1056:1062	similar amounts	1048:1062	similar amounts of phenolic acids	1048:1080	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	6	40	theme	similar	1048:1054	arg1	acids					1076:1080	phenolic acids	1067:1080	phenolic acids	1067:1080	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	4	41	theme	ferulic	657:663	arg1	acids					677:681	bound ferulic and sinapic acids	651:681	bound ferulic and sinapic acids	651:681	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	4	42	theme	sinapic	669:675	arg1	acids					677:681	bound ferulic and sinapic acids	651:681	bound ferulic and sinapic acids	651:681	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	8	43	from	content	1237:1243	arg1	CND					1252:1254	raw CND	1248:1254	raw CND	1248:1254	These results suggest that the lower phenolic content in raw CND may not completely negate its impact on gut health.
26479447	2	44	dep	in	372:373	arg1	vitro					375:379	vitro	375:379	vitro	375:379	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	4	45	from	catechin	827:834	arg1	RR					844:845	only RR	839:845	only RR	839:845	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	1	46	theme	Cranberry	216:224	arg1	beans					226:230	Cranberry beans	216:230	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes	216:281	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	0	47	theme	Cooked	57:62	arg1	Digestibility					40:52	in Vitro Digestibility	31:52	in Vitro Digestibility	31:52	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	47	theme	Cooked	57:62	arg1	Properties					16:25	Physicochemical Properties	0:25	Physicochemical Properties	0:25	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	0	47	theme	Cooked	57:62	arg1	Effects					139:145	Their Effects	133:145	Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity	133:213	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	1	48	theme	bound	331:335	arg1	phenolics					337:345	free, conjugated, and bound phenolics	309:345	free, conjugated, and bound phenolics	309:345	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	4	49	theme	p-coumaric	725:734	arg1	acids					758:762	p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids	725:762	p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes	725:780	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	7	50	theme	starch	1133:1138	arg1	contents					1140:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents	1101:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents	1101:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents showed no differences between RR and CND.
26479447	1	51	from	genotypes	273:281	arg1	beans					226:230	Cranberry beans	216:230	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes	216:281	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	3	52	theme	Total	477:481	arg1	content					492:498	Total phenolic content	477:498	Total phenolic content	477:498	Total phenolic content decreased after cooking and digestion, whereas individual phenolic compounds were affected differently.
26479447	6	53	from	Difference	927:936	arg1	phenolics					947:955	total phenolics	941:955	total phenolics	941:955	Difference in total phenolics was smaller after digestion, and enzymes potentially secreted by colonic bacteria released similar amounts of phenolic acids in both varieties.
26479447	4	54	theme	p-hydroxybenzoic	787:802	arg1	acid					804:807	p-hydroxybenzoic acid	787:807	p-hydroxybenzoic acid	787:807	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	0	55	dep	in	31:32	arg1	Vitro					34:38	Vitro	34:38	Vitro	34:38	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	4	56	from	epicatechin	810:820	arg1	RR					844:845	only RR	839:845	only RR	839:845	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	4	57	theme	ferulic	737:743	arg1	acids					758:762	p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids	725:762	p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes	725:780	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	2	58	theme	in	372:373	arg1	digestion					398:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion	362:406	Simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was used to assess the bioaccessibility of these phenolic fractions.
26479447	4	59	from	acid	804:807	arg1	RR					844:845	only RR	839:845	only RR	839:845	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	8	60	theme	gut	1296:1298	arg1	health					1300:1305	gut health	1296:1305	gut health	1296:1305	These results suggest that the lower phenolic content in raw CND may not completely negate its impact on gut health.
26479447	1	61	theme	regular	237:243	arg1	genotypes					273:281	regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes	237:281	regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes	237:281	Cranberry beans from regular (RR) and nondarkening (CND) genotypes were pressure cooked, and free, conjugated, and bound phenolics were analyzed.
26479447	0	62	theme	Regular	64:70	arg1	Cooked					57:62	Cooked Regular	57:70	Cooked Regular	57:70	Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
26479447	5	63	from	Bioaccessibility	848:863	arg1	CND					888:890	CND	888:890	CND	888:890	Bioaccessibility of phenolics in RR and CND was 8.75 and 14.69%, respectively.
26479447	5	63	from	Bioaccessibility	848:863	arg1	RR					881:882	RR	881:882	RR	881:882	Bioaccessibility of phenolics in RR and CND was 8.75 and 14.69%, respectively.
26479447	4	64	theme	flavanols	687:695	arg1	release					640:646	the release	636:646	the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols	636:695	Cooking significantly increased the release of bound ferulic and sinapic acids and flavanols, whereas digestion released p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids in both genotypes, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, epicatechin, and catechin in only RR.
26479447	7	65	theme	Resistant	1101:1109	arg1	contents					1140:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents	1101:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents	1101:1147	Resistant and slowly digestible starch contents showed no differences between RR and CND.
25162288	9	0	theme	model	1733:1737	arg1	lenses					1757:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	6	1	theme	contact	1055:1061	arg1	lenses					1063:1068	these model contact lenses	1043:1068	these model contact lenses	1043:1068	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	9	2	theme	hydrogel	1748:1755	arg1	lenses					1757:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	8	3	theme	HA-drug	1480:1486	arg1	interactions					1488:1499	HA-drug interactions	1480:1499	HA-drug interactions	1480:1499	Timolol release was sustained for a duration of approximately 2 days, and the dose of drug was shown to be controlled by both HA-drug interactions and molecular imprinting within the silicone hydrogels.
25162288	1	4	theme	uptake	241:246	arg1	characteristics					260:274	the uptake and release characteristics	237:274	the uptake and release characteristics of timolol	237:285	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	2	5	with	methacrylate	393:404	arg1	silane					461:466	silane	461:466	silane	461:466	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	5	with	methacrylate	393:404	arg1	TRIS					469:472	TRIS	469:472	TRIS	469:472	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	7	6	theme	solution	1318:1325	arg1	concentration					1288:1300	the concentration	1284:1300	the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake	1284:1351	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	7	6	theme	solution	1318:1325	arg1	concentration					1230:1242	the concentration	1226:1242	the concentration of HA contained within model lenses	1226:1278	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	2	7	theme	1:1	545:547	arg1	ratio					557:561	a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio	543:561	a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio	543:561	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	7	theme	1:1	545:547	arg1	wt					550:551	wt	550:551	wt	550:551	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	6	8	theme	release	1117:1123	arg1	mass					1125:1128	the drug loading and release mass	1096:1128	mass	1125:1128	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	2	9	dep	wt	550:551	arg1	wt					553:554	wt	553:554	wt	553:554	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	9	10	from	mass	1707:1710	arg1	lenses					1757:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	9	11	theme	Hyaluronic	1569:1578	arg1	acid					1580:1583	Hyaluronic acid	1569:1583	Hyaluronic acid	1569:1583	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	9	11	theme	Hyaluronic	1569:1578	arg1	additive					1684:1691	additive	1684:1691	additive	1684:1691	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	0	12	from	materials	74:82	arg1	Modification					0:11	Modification	0:11	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	0:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	0	12	from	materials	74:82	arg1	release					24:30	timolol release	16:30	timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	16:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	7	13	theme	HA	1247:1248	arg1	concentration					1288:1300	the concentration	1284:1300	the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake	1284:1351	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	7	13	theme	HA	1247:1248	arg1	concentration					1230:1242	the concentration	1226:1242	the concentration of HA contained within model lenses	1226:1278	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	1	14	theme	model	189:193	arg1	lenses					221:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	6	15	theme	drug	1100:1103	arg1	loading					1105:1111	the drug loading and release mass	1096:1128	loading	1105:1111	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	1	16	from	lenses	221:226	arg1	additive					177:184	additive	177:184	additive	177:184	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	5	17	theme	release	937:943	arg1	studies					945:951	drug release studies	932:951	drug release studies	932:951	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	1	18	theme	hyaluronic	133:142	arg1	HA					150:151	HA	150:151	HA	150:151	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	1	18	theme	hyaluronic	133:142	arg1	acid					144:147	hyaluronic acid	133:147	hyaluronic acid (HA)	133:152	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	2	19	theme	9:1	480:482	arg1	ratio					492:496	a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio	478:496	a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio	478:496	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	6	20	contain	have	991:994	arg2	ability					1000:1006	the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass	996:1128	the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass	996:1128	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	6	20	contain	have	991:994	arg1	acid					973:976	Hyaluronic acid	962:976	Hyaluronic acid	962:976	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	9	21	from	lenses	1757:1762	arg1	mass					1707:1710	the mass	1703:1710	the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses	1703:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	9	21	from	lenses	1757:1762	arg1	release					1720:1726	drug release	1715:1726	drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses	1715:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	0	22	theme	contact	61:67	arg1	materials					74:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	9	23	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1557:1567	arg1	acid					1580:1583	Hyaluronic acid	1569:1583	Hyaluronic acid	1569:1583	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	9	23	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1557:1567	arg1	additive					1684:1691	additive	1684:1691	additive	1684:1691	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	0	24	from	Modification	0:11	arg1	materials					74:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	0	25	theme	hyaluronic	90:99	arg1	acid					101:104	hyaluronic acid	90:104	hyaluronic acid	90:104	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	6	26	theme	model	1049:1053	arg1	lenses					1063:1068	these model contact lenses	1043:1068	these model contact lenses	1043:1068	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	2	27	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	378:391	arg1	HEMA					407:410	HEMA	407:410	HEMA	407:410	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	27	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	378:391	arg1	methacrylate					393:404	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	378:404	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.	305:562	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	6	28	theme	Hyaluronic	962:971	arg1	acid					973:976	Hyaluronic acid	962:976	Hyaluronic acid	962:976	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	9	29	theme	typical	1610:1616	arg1	monomers					1629:1636	typical functional monomers	1610:1636	typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting	1610:1665	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	6	30	dep	RESULTS	954:960	arg1	shown					982:986	shown	982:986	was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass	978:1128	RESULTS Hyaluronic acid was shown to have the ability to act as a functional additive in these model contact lenses, significantly increasing the drug loading and release mass.
25162288	4	31	theme	model	648:652	arg1	compositions					659:670	Four different model lens compositions	633:670	Four different model lens compositions	633:670	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	5	32	used	used	867:870	arg2	lenses					850:855	Model lenses	844:855	Model lenses	844:855	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	0	33	theme	timolol	16:22	arg1	release					24:30	timolol release	16:30	timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	16:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	5	34	theme	Model	844:848	arg1	lenses					850:855	Model lenses	844:855	Model lenses	844:855	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	7	35	theme	imprinting	1182:1191	arg1	independent					1157:1167	independent	1157:1167	independent	1157:1167	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	2	36	from	TRIS	535:538	arg1	ratio					557:561	a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio	543:561	a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio	543:561	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	36	from	TRIS	535:538	arg1	wt					550:551	wt	550:551	wt	550:551	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	1	37	theme	timolol	279:285	arg1	characteristics					260:274	the uptake and release characteristics	237:274	the uptake and release characteristics of timolol	237:285	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	5	38	theme	drug	914:917	arg1	loading					919:925	drug loading	914:925	drug loading	914:925	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	0	39	theme	hydrogel	46:53	arg1	materials					74:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	4	40	contain	contained	830:838	arg1	those					795:799	those	795:799	those	795:799	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	40	contain	contained	830:838	arg2	HA					840:841	HA	840:841	HA	840:841	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	41	theme	unmodified	687:696	arg1	controls					698:705	unmodified controls	687:705	unmodified controls	687:705	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	2	42	theme	Model	313:317	arg1	lenses					327:332	Model contact lenses	313:332	Model contact lenses	313:332	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	1	43	theme	silicone	195:202	arg1	lenses					221:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	5	44	theme	subsequent	875:884	arg1	characterization					896:911	subsequent materials characterization	875:911	subsequent materials characterization	875:911	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	9	45	theme	drug	1715:1718	arg1	release					1720:1726	drug release	1715:1726	drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses	1715:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	3	46	theme	Ethylene	564:571	arg1	cross-linker					619:630	the cross-linker	615:630	the cross-linker	615:630	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	3	46	theme	Ethylene	564:571	arg1	EGDMA					596:600	EGDMA	596:600	EGDMA	596:600	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	3	46	theme	Ethylene	564:571	arg1	dimethacrylate					580:593	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	564:593	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)	564:601	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	8	47	theme	molecular	1505:1513	arg1	imprinting					1515:1524	molecular imprinting	1505:1524	molecular imprinting	1505:1524	Timolol release was sustained for a duration of approximately 2 days, and the dose of drug was shown to be controlled by both HA-drug interactions and molecular imprinting within the silicone hydrogels.
25162288	1	48	theme	contact	213:219	arg1	lenses					221:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	9	49	theme	silicone	1739:1746	arg1	lenses					1757:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	model silicone hydrogel lenses	1733:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	3	50	used	used	607:610	arg2	dimethacrylate					580:593	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	564:593	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)	564:601	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	3	50	used	used	607:610	arg2	cross-linker					619:630	the cross-linker	615:630	the cross-linker	615:630	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	3	50	used	used	607:610	arg2	EGDMA					596:600	EGDMA	596:600	EGDMA	596:600	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	8	51	theme	silicone	1537:1544	arg1	hydrogels					1546:1554	the silicone hydrogels	1533:1554	the silicone hydrogels	1533:1554	Timolol release was sustained for a duration of approximately 2 days, and the dose of drug was shown to be controlled by both HA-drug interactions and molecular imprinting within the silicone hydrogels.
25162288	4	52	theme	timolol	774:780	arg1	maleate					782:788	timolol maleate	774:788	timolol maleate	774:788	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	7	53	theme	drug	1305:1308	arg1	solution					1318:1325	drug loading solution	1305:1325	drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake	1305:1351	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	7	54	theme	loading	1310:1316	arg1	solution					1318:1325	drug loading solution	1305:1325	drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake	1305:1351	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	9	55	dep	additive	1684:1691	arg1	different					1595:1603	different	1595:1603	different	1595:1603	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	7	56	theme	model	1267:1271	arg1	lenses					1273:1278	model lenses	1267:1278	model lenses	1267:1278	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	1	57	theme	acid	144:147	arg1	ability					122:128	The ability	118:128	The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol	118:285	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	5	58	theme	drug	932:935	arg1	studies					945:951	drug release studies	932:951	drug release studies	932:951	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	1	59	from	additive	177:184	arg1	lenses					221:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	8	60	theme	Timolol	1354:1360	arg1	release					1362:1368	Timolol release	1354:1368	Timolol release	1354:1368	Timolol release was sustained for a duration of approximately 2 days, and the dose of drug was shown to be controlled by both HA-drug interactions and molecular imprinting within the silicone hydrogels.
25162288	0	61	theme	lens	69:72	arg1	materials					74:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	4	62	dep	explored	677:684	arg1	controls					698:705	unmodified controls	687:705	unmodified controls	687:705	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	62	dep	explored	677:684	arg1	those					795:799	those	795:799	those	795:799	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	62	dep	explored	677:684	arg1	lenses					730:735	lenses	730:735	lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate	730:788	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	62	dep	explored	677:684	arg1	lenses					708:713	lenses	708:713	lenses containing HA	708:727	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	9	63	theme	functional	1618:1627	arg1	monomers					1629:1636	typical functional monomers	1610:1636	typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting	1610:1665	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	1	64	dep	OBJECTIVES	107:116	arg1	investigated					291:302	investigated	291:302	was investigated	287:302	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	9	65	theme	molecular	1646:1654	arg1	imprinting					1656:1665	molecular imprinting	1646:1665	molecular imprinting	1646:1665	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	2	66	from	silane	461:466	arg1	N-dimethylacrylamide					503:522	N-dimethylacrylamide	503:522	N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio	503:561	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	66	from	silane	461:466	arg1	N					501:501	N	501:501	N	501:501	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	66	from	silane	461:466	arg1	ratio					492:496	a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio	478:496	a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio	478:496	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	4	67	theme	lens	654:657	arg1	compositions					659:670	Four different model lens compositions	633:670	Four different model lens compositions	633:670	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	68	contain	containing	715:724	arg2	HA					726:727	HA	726:727	HA	726:727	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	4	68	contain	containing	715:724	arg1	lenses					708:713	lenses	708:713	lenses containing HA	708:727	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	1	69	dep	ability	122:128	arg1	act					157:159	act	157:159	to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol	154:285	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	8	70	theme	days	1418:1421	arg1	duration					1390:1397	a duration	1388:1397	a duration of approximately 2 days	1388:1421	Timolol release was sustained for a duration of approximately 2 days, and the dose of drug was shown to be controlled by both HA-drug interactions and molecular imprinting within the silicone hydrogels.
25162288	2	71	dep	METHODS	305:311	arg1	prepared					339:346	prepared	339:346	were prepared using 2 primary formulations	334:375	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	71	dep	METHODS	305:311	arg1	HEMA					407:410	HEMA	407:410	HEMA	407:410	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	71	dep	METHODS	305:311	arg1	methacrylate					393:404	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	378:404	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.	305:562	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	72	theme	primary	356:362	arg1	formulations					364:375	2 primary formulations	354:375	2 primary formulations	354:375	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	0	73	theme	release	24:30	arg1	Modification					0:11	Modification	0:11	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	0:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	1	74	theme	release	252:258	arg1	characteristics					260:274	the uptake and release characteristics	237:274	the uptake and release characteristics of timolol	237:285	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	2	75	dep	wt	485:486	arg1	wt					488:489	wt	488:489	wt	488:489	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	7	76	theme	molecular	1172:1180	arg1	imprinting					1182:1191	molecular imprinting	1172:1191	molecular imprinting	1172:1191	This ability seemed to be independent of molecular imprinting, but its efficacy was related to the concentration of HA contained within model lenses and the concentration of drug loading solution used to facilitate uptake.
25162288	4	77	theme	different	638:646	arg1	compositions					659:670	Four different model lens compositions	633:670	Four different model lens compositions	633:670	Four different model lens compositions were explored: unmodified controls, lenses containing HA, lenses that were molecularly imprinted with timolol maleate, and those that were both imprinted and contained HA.
25162288	0	78	theme	silicone	37:44	arg1	materials					74:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	0	79	theme	model	55:59	arg1	materials					74:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials	37:82	Modification of timolol release from silicone hydrogel model contact lens materials using hyaluronic acid.
25162288	8	80	theme	drug	1440:1443	arg1	dose					1432:1435	the dose	1428:1435	the dose of drug	1428:1443	Timolol release was sustained for a duration of approximately 2 days, and the dose of drug was shown to be controlled by both HA-drug interactions and molecular imprinting within the silicone hydrogels.
25162288	3	81	theme	glycol	573:578	arg1	cross-linker					619:630	the cross-linker	615:630	the cross-linker	615:630	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	3	81	theme	glycol	573:578	arg1	EGDMA					596:600	EGDMA	596:600	EGDMA	596:600	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	3	81	theme	glycol	573:578	arg1	dimethacrylate					580:593	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	564:593	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)	564:601	Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used as the cross-linker.
25162288	2	82	theme	contact	319:325	arg1	lenses					327:332	Model contact lenses	313:332	Model contact lenses	313:332	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	83	from	ratio	492:496	arg1	silane					461:466	silane	461:466	silane	461:466	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	83	from	ratio	492:496	arg1	TRIS					469:472	TRIS	469:472	TRIS	469:472	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	1	84	theme	hydrogel	204:211	arg1	lenses					221:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	model silicone hydrogel contact lenses	189:226	OBJECTIVES The ability of hyaluronic acid (HA) to act as a functional additive in model silicone hydrogel contact lenses to alter the uptake and release characteristics of timolol was investigated.
25162288	5	85	theme	materials	886:894	arg1	characterization					896:911	subsequent materials characterization	875:911	subsequent materials characterization	875:911	Model lenses were then used in subsequent materials characterization, drug loading, and drug release studies.
25162288	9	86	theme	release	1720:1726	arg1	mass					1707:1710	the mass	1703:1710	the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses	1703:1762	CONCLUSIONS Hyaluronic acid, although different than typical functional monomers used in molecular imprinting, can be a useful additive to modify the mass of drug release from model silicone hydrogel lenses.
25162288	2	87	from	N	501:501	arg1	silane					461:466	silane	461:466	silane	461:466	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	87	from	N	501:501	arg1	TRIS					469:472	TRIS	469:472	TRIS	469:472	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25162288	2	88	with	N-dimethylacrylamide	503:522	arg1	TRIS					535:538	TRIS	535:538	TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio	535:561	METHODS Model contact lenses were prepared using 2 primary formulations: 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with 3-methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS) in a 9:1 (wt:wt) ratio or N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) with TRIS in a 1:1 (wt:wt) ratio.
25647620	6	0	theme	uncoated	1223:1230	arg1	microspheres					1232:1243	NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres	1206:1243	NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres	1206:1243	Empirical analysis of drug patterns suggested the differences between NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres.
25647620	1	1	theme	interpenetrating	246:261	arg1	microspheres					285:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	2	2	theme	sodium	465:470	arg1	NaAlg					482:486	NaAlg	482:486	NaAlg	482:486	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	2	2	theme	sodium	465:470	arg1	alginate					472:479	sodium alginate	465:479	sodium alginate (NaAlg)	465:487	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	5	3	theme	IPN	1065:1067	arg1	composition					1075:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	4	4	theme	particle	819:826	arg1	size					828:831	particle size	819:831	particle size	819:831	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	1	5	theme	polymer	263:269	arg1	microspheres					285:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	5	6	theme	blend	1069:1073	arg1	composition					1075:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	6	7	theme	coated	1212:1217	arg1	microspheres					1232:1243	NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres	1206:1243	NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres	1206:1243	Empirical analysis of drug patterns suggested the differences between NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres.
25647620	2	8	theme	NFD	593:595	arg1	NFD					593:595	NFD	593:595	NFD	593:595	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	2	8	theme	NFD	593:595	arg1	%					588:588	93%	586:588	93% of NFD	586:595	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	1	9	theme	network	271:277	arg1	microspheres					285:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	6	10	theme	NaAlg	1206:1210	arg1	microspheres					1232:1243	NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres	1206:1243	NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres	1206:1243	Empirical analysis of drug patterns suggested the differences between NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres.
25647620	4	11	theme	particle	909:916	arg1	analyzer					923:930	particle zeta analyzer	909:930	particle zeta analyzer	909:930	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	5	12	dep	in	960:961	arg1	vitro					963:967	vitro	963:967	vitro	963:967	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	3	13	theme	chemical	757:764	arg1	interactions					766:777	chemical interactions	757:777	chemical interactions	757:777	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	5	14	theme	AAm	1126:1128	arg1	extent					1088:1093	extent	1088:1093	extent of cross-linking	1088:1110	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	14	theme	AAm	1126:1128	arg1	composition					1075:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	14	theme	AAm	1126:1128	arg1	amount					1116:1121	amount	1116:1121	amount	1116:1121	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	14	theme	AAm	1126:1128	arg1	AAm					1126:1128	AAm	1126:1128	AAm	1126:1128	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	14	theme	AAm	1126:1128	arg1	cross-linking					1098:1110	cross-linking	1098:1110	cross-linking	1098:1110	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	3	15	theme	differential	703:714	arg1	DSC					738:740	DSC	738:740	DSC	738:740	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	3	15	theme	differential	703:714	arg1	calorimetry					725:735	differential scanning calorimetry	703:735	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	703:741	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	0	16	theme	pH-sensitive	6:17	arg1	blend					19:23	Novel pH-sensitive blend	0:23	Novel pH-sensitive blend	0:23	Novel pH-sensitive blend microspheres for controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug.
25647620	0	17	theme	drug	96:99	arg1	release					53:59	controlled release	42:59	controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug	42:99	Novel pH-sensitive blend microspheres for controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug.
25647620	5	18	theme	cross-linking	1098:1110	arg1	extent					1088:1093	extent	1088:1093	extent of cross-linking	1088:1110	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	18	theme	cross-linking	1098:1110	arg1	composition					1075:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	18	theme	cross-linking	1098:1110	arg1	amount					1116:1121	amount	1116:1121	amount	1116:1121	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	18	theme	cross-linking	1098:1110	arg1	AAm					1126:1128	AAm	1126:1128	AAm	1126:1128	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	18	theme	cross-linking	1098:1110	arg1	cross-linking					1098:1110	cross-linking	1098:1110	cross-linking	1098:1110	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	1	19	theme	Water-soluble	102:114	arg1	copolymer					155:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer	102:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS)	102:174	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	19	theme	Water-soluble	102:114	arg1	AAm-g-CS					166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	0	20	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	blend					19:23	Novel pH-sensitive blend	0:23	Novel pH-sensitive blend	0:23	Novel pH-sensitive blend microspheres for controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug.
25647620	1	21	theme	IPN	280:282	arg1	microspheres					285:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	22	theme	acrylamide	116:125	arg1	copolymer					155:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer	102:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS)	102:174	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	22	theme	acrylamide	116:125	arg1	AAm-g-CS					166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	4	23	theme	electron	879:886	arg1	SEM					900:902	SEM	900:902	SEM	900:902	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	4	23	theme	electron	879:886	arg1	microscopy					888:897	scanning electron microscopy	870:897	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	870:903	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	6	24	theme	patterns	1163:1170	arg1	analysis					1146:1153	Empirical analysis	1136:1153	Empirical analysis of drug patterns	1136:1170	Empirical analysis of drug patterns suggested the differences between NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres.
25647620	1	25	theme	potassium	198:206	arg1	initiator					225:233	potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator	198:233	potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD)	198:432	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	25	theme	potassium	198:206	arg1	PPS					220:222	PPS	220:222	PPS	220:222	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	4	26	theme	scanning	870:877	arg1	SEM					900:902	SEM	900:902	SEM	900:902	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	4	26	theme	scanning	870:877	arg1	microscopy					888:897	scanning electron microscopy	870:897	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	870:903	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	1	27	theme	AAm	128:130	arg1	copolymer					155:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer	102:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS)	102:174	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	27	theme	AAm	128:130	arg1	AAm-g-CS					166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	28	theme	persulfate	208:217	arg1	initiator					225:233	potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator	198:233	potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD)	198:432	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	28	theme	persulfate	208:217	arg1	PPS					220:222	PPS	220:222	PPS	220:222	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	0	29	theme	controlled	42:51	arg1	release					53:59	controlled release	42:59	controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug	42:99	Novel pH-sensitive blend microspheres for controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug.
25647620	5	30	from	dependence	1051:1060	arg1	extent					1088:1093	extent	1088:1093	extent of cross-linking	1088:1110	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	30	from	dependence	1051:1060	arg1	composition					1075:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	IPN blend composition	1065:1085	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	30	from	dependence	1051:1060	arg1	amount					1116:1121	amount	1116:1121	amount	1116:1121	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	30	from	dependence	1051:1060	arg1	AAm					1126:1128	AAm	1126:1128	AAm	1126:1128	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	30	from	dependence	1051:1060	arg1	cross-linking					1098:1110	cross-linking	1098:1110	cross-linking	1098:1110	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	31	dep	pH	1007:1008	arg1	media					1029:1033	buffer media	1022:1033	buffer media	1022:1033	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	3	32	dep	Fourier	657:663	arg1	transform					665:673	transform	665:673	transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility	665:801	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	3	33	theme	blend	783:787	arg1	compatibility					789:801	blend compatibility	783:801	blend compatibility	783:801	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	5	34	theme	buffer	1022:1027	arg1	media					1029:1033	buffer media	1022:1033	buffer media	1022:1033	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	5	35	theme	release	969:975	arg1	experiments					977:987	Swelling and in vitro release experiments	947:987	Swelling and in vitro release experiments	947:987	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	2	36	dep	h	568:568	arg1	up					559:560	up	559:560	up	559:560	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	3	37	dep	transform	665:673	arg1	infrared					675:682	infrared	675:682	transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility	665:801	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	2	38	theme	NFD	555:557	arg1	time					547:550	the release time	535:550	the release time of NFD	535:557	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	4	39	theme	zeta	918:921	arg1	analyzer					923:930	particle zeta analyzer	909:930	particle zeta analyzer	909:930	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	1	40	theme	water-in-oil	315:326	arg1	emulsion					334:341	water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion	315:341	water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA)	315:388	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	4	41	theme	microspheres	840:851	arg1	Morphology					804:813	Morphology	804:813	Morphology	804:813	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	4	41	theme	microspheres	840:851	arg1	size					828:831	particle size	819:831	particle size	819:831	Morphology and particle size of the microspheres were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle zeta analyzer, respectively.
25647620	1	42	theme	-grafted-chitosan	132:148	arg1	copolymer					155:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer	102:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS)	102:174	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	42	theme	-grafted-chitosan	132:148	arg1	AAm-g-CS					166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	3	43	theme	scanning	716:723	arg1	DSC					738:740	DSC	738:740	DSC	738:740	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	3	43	theme	scanning	716:723	arg1	calorimetry					725:735	differential scanning calorimetry	703:735	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	703:741	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	3	44	theme	uncoated	613:620	arg1	microspheres					622:633	The coated and uncoated microspheres	598:633	The coated and uncoated microspheres	598:633	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	6	45	theme	Empirical	1136:1144	arg1	analysis					1146:1153	Empirical analysis	1136:1153	Empirical analysis of drug patterns	1136:1170	Empirical analysis of drug patterns suggested the differences between NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres.
25647620	6	46	theme	drug	1158:1161	arg1	patterns					1163:1170	drug patterns	1158:1170	drug patterns	1158:1170	Empirical analysis of drug patterns suggested the differences between NaAlg coated and uncoated microspheres.
25647620	2	47	theme	release	539:545	arg1	time					547:550	the release time	535:550	the release time of NFD	535:557	Microspheres were coated with sodium alginate (NaAlg) to enhance their pH-sensitivity for extending the release time of NFD up to 14 h, releasing with 93% of NFD.
25647620	5	48	theme	Swelling	947:954	arg1	experiments					977:987	Swelling and in vitro release experiments	947:987	Swelling and in vitro release experiments	947:987	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	1	49	theme	CS	151:152	arg1	copolymer					155:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer	102:163	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS)	102:174	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	1	49	theme	CS	151:152	arg1	AAm-g-CS					166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	AAm-g-CS	166:173	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	0	50	theme	antihypertensive	79:94	arg1	drug					96:99	nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug	64:99	nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug	64:99	Novel pH-sensitive blend microspheres for controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug.
25647620	3	51	theme	coated	602:607	arg1	microspheres					622:633	The coated and uncoated microspheres	598:633	The coated and uncoated microspheres	598:633	The coated and uncoated microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to understand chemical interactions and blend compatibility.
25647620	5	52	dep	showed	1042:1047	arg1	used					1130:1133	used	1130:1133	showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used	1042:1133	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	0	53	theme	nifedipine--an	64:77	arg1	drug					96:99	nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug	64:99	nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug	64:99	Novel pH-sensitive blend microspheres for controlled release of nifedipine--an antihypertensive drug.
25647620	1	54	theme	w/o	329:331	arg1	emulsion					334:341	water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion	315:341	water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA)	315:388	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
25647620	5	55	theme	in	960:961	arg1	release					969:975	in vitro release	960:975	in vitro release	960:975	Swelling and in vitro release experiments were performed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer media, which showed a dependence on IPN blend composition, extent of cross-linking and amount of AAm used.
25647620	1	56	used	used	394:397	arg2	microspheres					285:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres	246:296	Water-soluble acrylamide (AAm)-grafted-chitosan (CS) copolymer (AAm-g-CS) was synthesized using potassium persulfate (PPS) initiator from which interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion that are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) and used for encapsulating nifedipine (NFD).
24429417	4	0	theme	revised	919:925	arg1	testing					959:965	the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing	906:965	the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing	906:965	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	4	1	theme	wear	954:957	arg1	testing					959:965	the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing	906:965	the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing	906:965	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	4	2	theme	standard	846:853	arg1	testing					838:844	the knee wear testing standard	824:853	the knee wear testing standard	824:853	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	6	3	used	used	1194:1197	arg2	data					1170:1173	The clinical data	1157:1173	The clinical data provided	1157:1182	The clinical data provided should be used to better define the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing.
24429417	2	4	theme	patients	388:395	arg1	joints					375:380	the hip and knee joints	358:380	the hip and knee joints of 40 patients	358:395	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	5	5	theme	thermal	1051:1057	arg1	stability					1059:1067	thermal stability	1051:1067	thermal stability	1051:1067	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	5	6	theme	acid	1085:1088	arg1	concentration					1090:1102	hyaluronic acid concentration	1074:1102	hyaluronic acid concentration	1074:1102	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	7	theme	hyaluronic	580:589	arg1	acid					591:594	the hyaluronic acid	576:594	the hyaluronic acid concentration	576:608	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	4	8	theme	standard	927:934	arg1	testing					959:965	the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing	906:965	the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing	906:965	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	3	9	theme	acid	591:594	arg1	concentration					596:608	the hyaluronic acid concentration	576:608	the hyaluronic acid concentration	576:608	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	10	theme	constituent	519:529	arg1	fractions					531:539	constituent fractions	519:539	constituent fractions	519:539	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	1	11	theme	Biochemical	80:90	arg1	analyses					92:99	Biochemical analyses	80:99	Biochemical analyses	80:99	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	5	12	theme	significant	971:981	arg1	difference					983:992	No significant difference	968:992	No significant difference	968:992	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	6	13	theme	orthopaedic	1276:1286	arg1	testing					1293:1299	orthopaedic wear testing	1276:1299	orthopaedic wear testing	1276:1299	The clinical data provided should be used to better define the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing.
24429417	4	14	theme	protein	876:882	arg1	concentration					884:896	the 30 g/L protein concentration	865:896	the 30 g/L protein concentration	865:896	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	2	15	theme	fluid	325:329	arg1	samples					331:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	6	16	theme	clinical	1161:1168	arg1	data					1170:1173	The clinical data	1157:1173	The clinical data provided	1157:1182	The clinical data provided should be used to better define the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing.
24429417	3	17	theme	molecular	614:622	arg1	distribution					631:642	molecular weight distribution	614:642	molecular weight distribution	614:642	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	1	18	theme	lubricant	199:207	arg1	specifications					209:222	lubricant specifications	199:222	lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards	199:279	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	0	19	theme	Biochemical	0:10	arg1	analyses					12:19	Biochemical analyses	0:19	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	0:77	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	5	20	theme	periprosthetic	1126:1139	arg1	fluid					1150:1154	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	1107:1154	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	1107:1154	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	2	21	theme	hip	362:364	arg1	joints					375:380	the hip and knee joints	358:380	the hip and knee joints of 40 patients	358:395	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	0	22	theme	human	24:28	arg1	fluid					73:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	23	theme	protein	496:502	arg1	concentration					504:516	the protein concentration	492:516	the protein concentration	492:516	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	24	theme	weight	624:629	arg1	distribution					631:642	molecular weight distribution	614:642	molecular weight distribution	614:642	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	4	25	theme	wear	833:836	arg1	testing					838:844	the knee wear testing standard	824:853	the knee wear testing standard	824:853	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	5	26	theme	synovial	1141:1148	arg1	fluid					1150:1154	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	1107:1154	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	1107:1154	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	1	27	theme	osteoarthritic	119:132	arg1	fluid					162:166	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	119:166	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	119:166	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	5	28	theme	protein	1016:1022	arg1	concentration					1024:1036	the protein concentration	1012:1036	the protein concentration	1012:1036	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	5	29	theme	fluid	1150:1154	arg1	stability					1059:1067	thermal stability	1051:1067	thermal stability	1051:1067	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	5	29	theme	fluid	1150:1154	arg1	concentration					1024:1036	the protein concentration	1012:1036	the protein concentration	1012:1036	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	5	29	theme	fluid	1150:1154	arg1	concentration					1090:1102	hyaluronic acid concentration	1074:1102	hyaluronic acid concentration	1074:1102	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	5	29	theme	fluid	1150:1154	arg1	osmolality					1039:1048	osmolality	1039:1048	osmolality	1039:1048	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	30	theme	osteoarthritic	647:660	arg1	fluid					690:694	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	647:694	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	647:694	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	6	31	theme	lubricant	1262:1270	arg1	composition					1220:1230	the composition	1216:1230	the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing	1216:1299	The clinical data provided should be used to better define the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing.
24429417	4	32	theme	protein	715:721	arg1	g/L					758:760	approximately 30 g/L	741:760	approximately 30 g/L	741:760	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	4	32	theme	protein	715:721	arg1	concentration					723:735	The average total protein concentration	697:735	The average total protein concentration	697:735	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	0	33	theme	osteoarthritic	30:43	arg1	fluid					73:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	4	34	dep	g/L	758:760	arg1	higher					778:783	higher	778:783	higher	778:783	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	5	35	theme	hyaluronic	1074:1083	arg1	acid					1085:1088	hyaluronic acid	1074:1088	hyaluronic acid concentration	1074:1102	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	1	36	theme	orthopaedic	246:256	arg1	standards					271:279	orthopaedic wear testing standards	246:279	orthopaedic wear testing standards	246:279	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	0	37	theme	synovial	64:71	arg1	fluid					73:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	38	from	samples	402:408	arg1	group					418:422	each group	413:422	each group	413:422	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	4	39	theme	g/L	872:874	arg1	concentration					884:896	the 30 g/L protein concentration	865:896	the 30 g/L protein concentration	865:896	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	0	40	theme	periprosthetic	49:62	arg1	fluid					73:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	24:77	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	4	41	theme	hip	940:942	arg1	simulator					944:952	hip simulator	940:952	hip simulator	940:952	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	5	42	theme	osteoarthritic	1107:1120	arg1	fluid					1150:1154	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	1107:1154	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	1107:1154	No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	1	43	theme	periprosthetic	138:151	arg1	fluid					162:166	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	119:166	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	119:166	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	3	44	theme	synovial	681:688	arg1	fluid					690:694	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	647:694	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	647:694	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	45	theme	fluid	690:694	arg1	concentration					596:608	the hyaluronic acid concentration	576:608	the hyaluronic acid concentration	576:608	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	45	theme	fluid	690:694	arg1	stability					562:570	thermal stability	554:570	thermal stability	554:570	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	45	theme	fluid	690:694	arg1	fractions					531:539	constituent fractions	519:539	constituent fractions	519:539	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	45	theme	fluid	690:694	arg1	distribution					631:642	molecular weight distribution	614:642	molecular weight distribution	614:642	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	45	theme	fluid	690:694	arg1	osmolality					542:551	osmolality	542:551	osmolality	542:551	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	3	45	theme	fluid	690:694	arg1	concentration					504:516	the protein concentration	492:516	the protein concentration	492:516	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	2	46	theme	synovial	316:323	arg1	samples					331:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	1	47	theme	synovial	153:160	arg1	fluid					162:166	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	119:166	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	119:166	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	1	48	theme	wear	258:261	arg1	standards					271:279	orthopaedic wear testing standards	246:279	orthopaedic wear testing standards	246:279	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	4	49	theme	knee	828:831	arg1	testing					838:844	the knee wear testing standard	824:853	the knee wear testing standard	824:853	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	2	50	theme	periprosthetic	301:314	arg1	samples					331:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	2	51	theme	knee	370:373	arg1	joints					375:380	the hip and knee joints	358:380	the hip and knee joints of 40 patients	358:395	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	1	52	theme	testing	263:269	arg1	standards					271:279	orthopaedic wear testing standards	246:279	orthopaedic wear testing standards	246:279	Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards.
24429417	4	53	theme	total	709:713	arg1	g/L					758:760	approximately 30 g/L	741:760	approximately 30 g/L	741:760	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	4	53	theme	total	709:713	arg1	concentration					723:735	The average total protein concentration	697:735	The average total protein concentration	697:735	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	3	54	theme	periprosthetic	666:679	arg1	fluid					690:694	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	647:694	osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	647:694	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	4	55	theme	average	701:707	arg1	g/L					758:760	approximately 30 g/L	741:760	approximately 30 g/L	741:760	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	4	55	theme	average	701:707	arg1	concentration					723:735	The average total protein concentration	697:735	The average total protein concentration	697:735	The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing.
24429417	3	56	theme	thermal	554:560	arg1	stability					562:570	thermal stability	554:570	thermal stability	554:570	The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	0	57	theme	fluid	73:77	arg1	analyses					12:19	Biochemical analyses	0:19	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid	0:77	Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid.
24429417	2	58	theme	Osteoarthritic	282:295	arg1	samples					331:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples	282:337	Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients.
24429417	6	59	theme	wear	1288:1291	arg1	testing					1293:1299	orthopaedic wear testing	1276:1299	orthopaedic wear testing	1276:1299	The clinical data provided should be used to better define the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing.
28528953	0	0	theme	tissue	71:76	arg1	engineering					78:88	cardiac tissue engineering	63:88	cardiac tissue engineering	63:88	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	1	1	theme	lactic	140:145	arg1	poly					134:137	poly	134:137	poly (lactic acid) (PLA)	134:157	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	1	1	theme	lactic	140:145	arg1	acid					147:150	lactic acid	140:150	lactic acid	140:150	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	4	2	theme	aligned	572:578	arg1	fibers					580:585	aligned fibers	572:585	aligned fibers	572:585	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	0	3	theme	cardiac	63:69	arg1	engineering					78:88	cardiac tissue engineering	63:88	cardiac tissue engineering	63:88	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	2	4	theme	in-fiber	327:334	arg1	interactions					345:356	in-fiber chemical interactions	327:356	in-fiber chemical interactions	327:356	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	5	5	theme	PLA	736:738	arg1	ratios					749:754	PLA:chitosan ratios	736:754	PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	736:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	6	dep	production	845:854	arg1	indicate					919:926	indicate	919:926	indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia	919:1089	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	4	7	with	scaffolds	557:565	arg1	fibers					580:585	aligned fibers	572:585	aligned fibers	572:585	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	0	8	theme	Composite	0:8	arg1	poly					10:13	Composite poly	0:13	Composite poly(lactic acid)	0:26	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	0	8	theme	Composite	0:8	arg1	acid					22:25	lactic acid	15:25	lactic acid	15:25	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	5	9	theme	chitosan	740:747	arg1	ratios					749:754	PLA:chitosan ratios	736:754	PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	736:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	10	contain	have	987:990	arg2	potential					998:1006	great potential	992:1006	great potential	992:1006	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	10	contain	have	987:990	arg1	scaffolds					943:951	composite scaffolds	933:951	composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers	933:985	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	4	11	theme	oriented	669:676	arg1	fibers					678:683	randomly oriented fibers	660:683	randomly oriented fibers	660:683	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	2	12	theme	glutaraldehyde	247:260	arg1	vapor					262:266	the glutaraldehyde vapor	243:266	the glutaraldehyde vapor	243:266	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	5	13	theme	sarcomeric	859:868	arg1	α-actinin					870:878	sarcomeric α-actinin	859:878	sarcomeric α-actinin	859:878	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	14	theme	composite	933:941	arg1	scaffolds					943:951	composite scaffolds	933:951	composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers	933:985	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	2	15	theme	scaffolds	365:373	arg1	interactions					345:356	in-fiber chemical interactions	327:356	in-fiber chemical interactions	327:356	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	2	15	theme	scaffolds	365:373	arg1	hydrophilicity					307:320	hydrophilicity	307:320	hydrophilicity	307:320	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	2	15	theme	scaffolds	365:373	arg1	structure					273:281	structure	273:281	structure	273:281	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	2	15	theme	scaffolds	365:373	arg1	properties					295:304	mechanical properties	284:304	mechanical properties	284:304	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	1	16	with	scaffolds	99:107	arg1	ratios					124:129	different ratios	114:129	different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan	114:170	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	2	17	theme	mechanical	284:293	arg1	properties					295:304	mechanical properties	284:304	mechanical properties	284:304	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	3	18	theme	fiber	412:416	arg1	diameter					418:425	the fiber diameter	408:425	the fiber diameter	408:425	We found that the fiber diameter decreased with the concentration of chitosan, while mechanical properties and hydrophilicity improved.
28528953	0	19	theme	lactic	15:20	arg1	poly					10:13	Composite poly	0:13	Composite poly(lactic acid)	0:26	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	0	19	theme	lactic	15:20	arg1	acid					22:25	lactic acid	15:25	lactic acid	15:25	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	1	20	theme	Fibrous	91:97	arg1	scaffolds					99:107	Fibrous scaffolds	91:107	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan	91:170	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	5	21	with	fibers	724:729	arg1	ratios					749:754	PLA:chitosan ratios	736:754	PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	736:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	22	theme	aligned	716:722	arg1	fibers					724:729	aligned fibers	716:729	aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	716:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	23	theme	myocardia	1081:1089	arg1	regeneration					1065:1076	the regeneration	1061:1076	the regeneration of myocardia	1061:1089	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	3	24	theme	mechanical	479:488	arg1	properties					490:499	mechanical properties	479:499	mechanical properties	479:499	We found that the fiber diameter decreased with the concentration of chitosan, while mechanical properties and hydrophilicity improved.
28528953	1	25	theme	chitosan	163:170	arg1	ratios					124:129	different ratios	114:129	different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan	114:170	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	2	26	dep	structure	273:281	arg1	the					269:271	the	269:271	the	269:271	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	2	27	theme	chemical	336:343	arg1	interactions					345:356	in-fiber chemical interactions	327:356	in-fiber chemical interactions	327:356	After crosslinking by the glutaraldehyde vapor, the structure, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and in-fiber chemical interactions of the scaffolds were investigated.
28528953	5	28	theme	α-actinin	870:878	arg1	production					845:854	production	845:854	production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia	845:1089	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	4	29	contain	have	587:590	arg2	biocompatibility					623:638	biocompatibility	623:638	biocompatibility	623:638	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	4	29	contain	have	587:590	arg2	strength					610:617	higher mechanical strength	592:617	higher mechanical strength	592:617	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	4	29	contain	have	587:590	arg1	scaffolds					557:565	scaffolds	557:565	scaffolds with aligned fibers	557:585	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	5	30	theme	cell	816:819	arg1	elongation					821:830	cell elongation	816:830	cell elongation	816:830	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	0	31	theme	nanofibrous	37:47	arg1	scaffolds					49:57	nanofibrous scaffolds	37:57	nanofibrous scaffolds	37:57	Composite poly(lactic acid)/chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
28528953	5	32	theme	troponin	884:891	arg1	I.					893:894	troponin I.	884:894	troponin I.	884:894	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	33	theme	7:1	759:761	arg1	ratios					749:754	PLA:chitosan ratios	736:754	PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	736:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	34	dep	have	987:990	arg1	engineering					1012:1022	engineering	1012:1022	engineering cardiac tissue	1012:1037	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	34	dep	have	987:990	arg1	accelerating					1048:1059	accelerating	1048:1059	accelerating the regeneration of myocardia	1048:1089	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	4	35	theme	higher	592:597	arg1	strength					610:617	higher mechanical strength	592:617	higher mechanical strength	592:617	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	5	36	located	found	767:771	arg2	scaffolds					701:709	scaffolds	701:709	scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	701:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	36	located	found	767:771	arg1	particular					689:698	particular	689:698	particular	689:698	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	1	37	theme	different	114:122	arg1	ratios					124:129	different ratios	114:129	different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan	114:170	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	4	38	with	scaffolds	645:653	arg1	fibers					678:683	randomly oriented fibers	660:683	randomly oriented fibers	660:683	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	3	39	theme	chitosan	463:470	arg1	concentration					446:458	the concentration	442:458	the concentration of chitosan	442:470	We found that the fiber diameter decreased with the concentration of chitosan, while mechanical properties and hydrophilicity improved.
28528953	4	40	theme	mechanical	599:608	arg1	strength					610:617	higher mechanical strength	592:617	higher mechanical strength	592:617	In addition, we found that scaffolds with aligned fibers have higher mechanical strength and biocompatibility than scaffolds with randomly oriented fibers.
28528953	5	41	theme	great	992:996	arg1	potential					998:1006	great potential	992:1006	great potential	992:1006	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	42	theme	PLA/chitosan	967:978	arg1	fibers					980:985	PLA/chitosan fibers	967:985	PLA/chitosan fibers	967:985	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	1	43	theme	conventional	191:202	arg1	electrospinning					204:218	conventional electrospinning	191:218	conventional electrospinning	191:218	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	1	44	theme	poly	134:137	arg1	ratios					124:129	different ratios	114:129	different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan	114:170	Fibrous scaffolds with different ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitosan were fabricated by conventional electrospinning.
28528953	5	45	with	scaffolds	701:709	arg1	fibers					724:729	aligned fibers	716:729	aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1	716:761	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	46	theme	cardiomyocyte	784:796	arg1	viability					798:806	cardiomyocyte viability	784:806	cardiomyocyte viability	784:806	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	47	theme	cardiac	1024:1030	arg1	tissue					1032:1037	cardiac tissue	1024:1037	cardiac tissue	1024:1037	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
28528953	5	48	theme	I.	893:894	arg1	production					845:854	production	845:854	production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia	845:1089	In particular, scaffolds with aligned fibers with PLA:chitosan ratios of 7:1 was found to support cardiomyocyte viability, elicit cell elongation, and enhance production of sarcomeric α-actinin and troponin I. Collectively, the data indicate that composite scaffolds consisting of PLA/chitosan fibers have great potential for engineering cardiac tissue, and for accelerating the regeneration of myocardia.
26913644	5	0	theme	water	752:756	arg1	cellulose					735:743	The cellulose	731:743	The cellulose of the water hyacinth	731:765	The cellulose of the water hyacinth was well protected and retained during the pretreatment process.
26913644	7	1	theme	surfactant-free	1113:1127	arg1	ILMs					1129:1132	the designed surfactant-free ILMs	1100:1132	the designed surfactant-free ILMs	1100:1132	In conclusion, the designed surfactant-free ILMs exhibit promising potential application in biomass pretreatment.
26913644	1	2	theme	pretreatment	172:183	arg1	performance					185:195	the pretreatment performance	168:195	the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth	168:267	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	0	3	theme	enzymatic	104:112	arg1	hydrolysis					114:123	enzymatic hydrolysis	104:123	enzymatic hydrolysis	104:123	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	0	4	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	structure					90:98	structure	90:98	structure	90:98	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	0	4	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	hydrolysis					114:123	enzymatic hydrolysis	104:123	enzymatic hydrolysis	104:123	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	0	4	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	composition					77:87	composition	77:87	composition	77:87	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	4	5	theme	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium	601:627	arg1	acetate					629:635	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate	601:635	mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35	569:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	3	6	theme	regenerated	399:409	arg1	water					411:415	the regenerated water hyacinth	395:424	the regenerated water hyacinth	395:424	Analysis of the regenerated water hyacinth indicated that the content of the lignocellulosic composition changed, and the surface became more porous.
26913644	6	7	theme	reducing	883:890	arg1	yield					898:902	the reducing sugar yield	879:902	the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h	879:963	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	7	theme	reducing	883:890	arg1	mg/g					975:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	4	8	theme	maximum	684:690	arg1	delignification					692:706	the maximum delignification	680:706	the maximum delignification of 63.6%	680:715	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	6	9	from	70°C	952:955	arg1	yield					898:902	the reducing sugar yield	879:902	the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h	879:963	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	9	from	70°C	952:955	arg1	water					911:915	the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a)	907:947	the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h	907:963	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	9	from	70°C	952:955	arg1	mg/g					975:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	3	10	theme	lignocellulosic	460:474	arg1	composition					476:486	the lignocellulosic composition	456:486	the lignocellulosic composition	456:486	Analysis of the regenerated water hyacinth indicated that the content of the lignocellulosic composition changed, and the surface became more porous.
26913644	4	11	dep	ratio	574:578	arg1	ethanol					592:598	ethanol	592:598	mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35	569:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	4	11	dep	ratio	574:578	arg1	acetate					629:635	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate	601:635	mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35	569:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	6	12	theme	untreated	1062:1070	arg1	one					1072:1074	the untreated one	1058:1074	the untreated one	1058:1074	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	13	theme	86.1	1007:1010	arg1	yield					1000:1004	its hydrolysis yield	985:1004	its hydrolysis yield (86.1%)	985:1012	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	13	theme	86.1	1007:1010	arg1	%					1011:1011	86.1%	1007:1011	86.1%	1007:1011	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	2	14	theme	structure	347:355	arg1	terms					309:313	terms	309:313	terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis	309:380	Pretreatment effects were evaluated in terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
26913644	1	15	theme	surfactant-free	200:214	arg1	microemulsions					229:242	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions	200:242	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs)	200:249	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	1	15	theme	surfactant-free	200:214	arg1	ILMs					245:248	ILMs	245:248	ILMs	245:248	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	3	16	theme	composition	476:486	arg1	content					445:451	the content	441:451	the content of the lignocellulosic composition	441:486	Analysis of the regenerated water hyacinth indicated that the content of the lignocellulosic composition changed, and the surface became more porous.
26913644	3	17	theme	water	411:415	arg1	Analysis					383:390	Analysis	383:390	Analysis of the regenerated water hyacinth	383:424	Analysis of the regenerated water hyacinth indicated that the content of the lignocellulosic composition changed, and the surface became more porous.
26913644	4	18	theme	mass	569:572	arg1	ratio					574:578	mass ratio	569:578	mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35	569:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	2	19	theme	composition	334:344	arg1	terms					309:313	terms	309:313	terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis	309:380	Pretreatment effects were evaluated in terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
26913644	1	20	theme	liquid	222:227	arg1	microemulsions					229:242	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions	200:242	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs)	200:249	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	1	20	theme	liquid	222:227	arg1	ILMs					245:248	ILMs	245:248	ILMs	245:248	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	0	21	theme	surfactant-free	13:27	arg1	pretreatment					57:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	4	22	theme	toluene	583:589	arg1	ratio					574:578	mass ratio	569:578	mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35	569:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	0	23	theme	water	128:132	arg1	structure					90:98	structure	90:98	structure	90:98	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	0	23	theme	water	128:132	arg1	hydrolysis					114:123	enzymatic hydrolysis	104:123	enzymatic hydrolysis	104:123	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	0	23	theme	water	128:132	arg1	composition					77:87	composition	77:87	composition	77:87	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	2	24	theme	lignocellulosic	318:332	arg1	composition					334:344	lignocellulosic composition	318:344	lignocellulosic composition	318:344	Pretreatment effects were evaluated in terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
26913644	1	25	theme	microemulsions	229:242	arg1	performance					185:195	the pretreatment performance	168:195	the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth	168:267	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	0	26	theme	microemulsions	42:55	arg1	pretreatment					57:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	6	27	theme	half	1036:1039	arg1	times					1041:1045	a half times	1034:1045	a half times of that of the untreated one	1034:1074	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	28	dep	water	911:915	arg1	a					946:946	a	946:946	a	946:946	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	28	dep	water	911:915	arg1	hyacinth					917:924	hyacinth	917:924	hyacinth	917:924	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	1	29	theme	ionic	216:220	arg1	microemulsions					229:242	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions	200:242	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs)	200:249	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	1	29	theme	ionic	216:220	arg1	ILMs					245:248	ILMs	245:248	ILMs	245:248	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	0	30	theme	liquid	35:40	arg1	pretreatment					57:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	4	31	dep	ILM	561:563	arg1	ratio					574:578	mass ratio	569:578	mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35	569:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	0	32	theme	ionic	29:33	arg1	pretreatment					57:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment	13:68	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	0	33	theme	pretreatment	57:68	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.	0:142	Influence of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions pretreatment on the composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of water hyacinth.
26913644	2	34	theme	hydrolysis	371:380	arg1	terms					309:313	terms	309:313	terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis	309:380	Pretreatment effects were evaluated in terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
26913644	6	35	theme	water	911:915	arg1	yield					898:902	the reducing sugar yield	879:902	the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h	879:963	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	35	theme	water	911:915	arg1	mg/g					975:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	4	36	dep	[Emim	638:642	arg1	=0.35:0.3:0.35					647:660	=0.35:0.3:0.35	647:660	=0.35:0.3:0.35	647:660	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	4	36	dep	[Emim	638:642	arg1	Ac					644:645	Ac	644:645	Ac	644:645	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	2	37	theme	enzymatic	361:369	arg1	hydrolysis					371:380	enzymatic hydrolysis	361:380	enzymatic hydrolysis	361:380	Pretreatment effects were evaluated in terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
26913644	6	38	theme	that	1050:1053	arg1	yield					898:902	the reducing sugar yield	879:902	the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h	879:963	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	38	theme	that	1050:1053	arg1	times					1041:1045	a half times	1034:1045	a half times of that of the untreated one	1034:1074	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	38	theme	that	1050:1053	arg1	mg/g					975:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	7	39	theme	biomass	1177:1183	arg1	pretreatment					1185:1196	biomass pretreatment	1177:1196	biomass pretreatment	1177:1196	In conclusion, the designed surfactant-free ILMs exhibit promising potential application in biomass pretreatment.
26913644	4	40	theme	%	715:715	arg1	delignification					692:706	the maximum delignification	680:706	the maximum delignification of 63.6%	680:715	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	7	41	theme	potential	1152:1160	arg1	application					1162:1172	promising potential application	1142:1172	promising potential application	1142:1172	In conclusion, the designed surfactant-free ILMs exhibit promising potential application in biomass pretreatment.
26913644	6	42	from	yield	898:902	arg1	70°C					952:955	70°C	952:955	70°C	952:955	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	4	43	dep	acetate	629:635	arg1	[Emim					638:642	[Emim	638:642	[Emim	638:642	After being pretreated with ILM(a) (mass ratio of toluene: ethanol: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]Ac)=0.35:0.3:0.35) at 70°C for 12h, the maximum delignification of 63.6% was observed.
26913644	2	44	theme	Pretreatment	270:281	arg1	effects					283:289	Pretreatment effects	270:289	Pretreatment effects	270:289	Pretreatment effects were evaluated in terms of lignocellulosic composition, structure and enzymatic hydrolysis.
26913644	6	45	theme	hydrolysis	989:998	arg1	yield					1000:1004	its hydrolysis yield	985:1004	its hydrolysis yield (86.1%)	985:1012	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	45	theme	hydrolysis	989:998	arg1	%					1011:1011	86.1%	1007:1011	86.1%	1007:1011	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	46	theme	sugar	892:896	arg1	yield					898:902	the reducing sugar yield	879:902	the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h	879:963	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	6	46	theme	sugar	892:896	arg1	mg/g					975:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	563.7 mg/g	969:978	After being enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, the reducing sugar yield of the water hyacinth pretreated with ILM(a) at 70°C for 6 h was 563.7 mg/g, and its hydrolysis yield (86.1%) was nearly four and a half times of that of the untreated one (20.2%).
26913644	7	47	theme	designed	1104:1111	arg1	ILMs					1129:1132	the designed surfactant-free ILMs	1100:1132	the designed surfactant-free ILMs	1100:1132	In conclusion, the designed surfactant-free ILMs exhibit promising potential application in biomass pretreatment.
26913644	5	48	theme	pretreatment	810:821	arg1	process					823:829	the pretreatment process	806:829	the pretreatment process	806:829	The cellulose of the water hyacinth was well protected and retained during the pretreatment process.
26913644	1	49	from	performance	185:195	arg1	water					254:258	water hyacinth	254:267	water hyacinth	254:267	This study investigated the pretreatment performance of surfactant-free ionic liquid microemulsions (ILMs) on water hyacinth.
26913644	7	50	theme	promising	1142:1150	arg1	application					1162:1172	promising potential application	1142:1172	promising potential application	1142:1172	In conclusion, the designed surfactant-free ILMs exhibit promising potential application in biomass pretreatment.
28460332	2	0	theme	platform	515:522	arg1	step					524:527	an ECL platform step	508:527	an ECL platform step	508:527	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	1	1	theme	@	256:256	arg1	nanoparticles					239:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles	215:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	215:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	1	1	theme	@	256:256	arg1	NPs					262:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	5	2	theme	molecule	1035:1042	arg1	presence					1010:1017	the presence	1006:1017	the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1006:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	2	3	with	NPs	370:372	arg1	chitosan					379:386	chitosan	379:386	chitosan	379:386	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	9	4	theme	proposed	1634:1641	arg1	sensor					1651:1656	the proposed MIP-ECL sensor	1630:1656	the proposed MIP-ECL sensor	1630:1656	Moreover, the proposed MIP-ECL sensor displayed an excellent application in real samples.
28460332	4	5	theme	AuNPs	781:785	arg1	work					787:790	AuNPs work	781:790	AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity	781:838	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	5	theme	AuNPs	781:785	arg1	luminophores					872:883	ECL luminophores	868:883	ECL luminophores	868:883	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	5	theme	AuNPs	781:785	arg1	Ru					844:845	Ru	844:845	Ru	844:845	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	6	theme	ECL	826:828	arg1	intensity					830:838	the ECL intensity	822:838	the ECL intensity	822:838	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	3	7	theme	surface	650:656	arg1	resonance					666:674	the localized surface plasmon resonance	636:674	the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)	636:681	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	3	7	theme	surface	650:656	arg1	LSPR					677:680	LSPR	677:680	LSPR	677:680	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	5	8	theme	evident	930:936	arg1	ECL					945:947	the evident anodic ECL	926:947	the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode	926:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	8	9	theme	MIP-ECL	1470:1476	arg1	sensor					1478:1483	a facile MIP-ECL sensor	1461:1483	a facile MIP-ECL sensor	1461:1483	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	2	10	theme	glassy	465:470	arg1	GCE					490:492	GCE	490:492	GCE	490:492	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	2	10	theme	glassy	465:470	arg1	electrode					479:487	a glassy carbon electrode	463:487	a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step	463:535	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	5	11	theme	fumonisin	1044:1052	arg1	B1					1054:1055	fumonisin B1	1044:1055	fumonisin B1 (FB1)	1044:1061	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	11	theme	fumonisin	1044:1052	arg1	FB1					1058:1060	FB1	1058:1060	FB1	1058:1060	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	9	12	theme	real	1696:1699	arg1	samples					1701:1707	real samples	1696:1707	real samples	1696:1707	Moreover, the proposed MIP-ECL sensor displayed an excellent application in real samples.
28460332	5	13	theme	@	1103:1103	arg1	NPs					1109:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs	1101:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1101:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	3	14	theme	electrochemical	691:705	arg1	effect					707:712	the electrochemical effect	687:712	the electrochemical effect	687:712	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	0	15	theme	@	82:82	arg1	SiO2					83:86	Ru@SiO2	80:86	Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1	80:131	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	1	16	theme	fumonisin	314:322	arg1	FB1					328:330	FB1	328:330	FB1	328:330	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	1	16	theme	fumonisin	314:322	arg1	B1					324:325	fumonisin B1	314:325	fumonisin B1 (FB1)	314:331	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	6	17	theme	little	1198:1203	arg1	coreactant					1205:1214	little coreactant	1198:1214	little coreactant	1198:1214	When the template molecules were eluted from the MIP, little coreactant was left, resulting in an apparent decrease of ECL signal.
28460332	1	18	theme	electrochemiluminescence	164:187	arg1	sensor					199:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor	134:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	134:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	7	19	theme	template	1335:1342	arg1	molecules					1344:1352	the template molecules	1331:1352	the template molecules	1331:1352	After the MIP-ECL sensor was incubated in FB1 solution, the template molecules rebound to the MIP surface, leading to the enhancement of ECL signal again.
28460332	4	20	theme	ECL	868:870	arg1	work					787:790	AuNPs work	781:790	AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity	781:838	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	20	theme	ECL	868:870	arg1	luminophores					872:883	ECL luminophores	868:883	ECL luminophores	868:883	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	20	theme	ECL	868:870	arg1	Ru					844:845	Ru	844:845	Ru	844:845	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	6	21	theme	template	1153:1160	arg1	molecules					1162:1170	the template molecules	1149:1170	the template molecules	1149:1170	When the template molecules were eluted from the MIP, little coreactant was left, resulting in an apparent decrease of ECL signal.
28460332	5	22	theme	working	973:979	arg1	electrode					981:989	the above working electrode	963:989	the above working electrode	963:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	8	23	theme	linear	1537:1542	arg1	range					1544:1548	a linear range	1535:1548	a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1	1535:1572	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	1	24	theme	MIP-ECL	190:196	arg1	sensor					199:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor	134:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	134:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	4	25	theme	@	846:846	arg1	NPs					852:854	@SiO2 NPs	846:854	@SiO2 NPs	846:854	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	5	26	theme	Ru	952:953	arg1	SiO2					955:958	Ru@SiO2	952:958	Ru@SiO2	952:958	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	7	27	theme	FB1	1317:1319	arg1	solution					1321:1328	FB1 solution	1317:1328	FB1 solution	1317:1328	After the MIP-ECL sensor was incubated in FB1 solution, the template molecules rebound to the MIP surface, leading to the enhancement of ECL signal again.
28460332	5	28	theme	amino	1124:1128	arg1	FB1					1139:1141	FB1	1139:1141	FB1	1139:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	28	theme	amino	1124:1128	arg1	group					1130:1134	the amino group	1120:1134	the amino group of FB1	1120:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	2	29	theme	Ru	362:363	arg1	CS					389:390	CS	389:390	CS	389:390	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	2	29	theme	Ru	362:363	arg1	NPs					370:372	Ru@SiO2 NPs	362:372	Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites	362:402	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	0	30	theme	fumonisin	120:128	arg1	B1					130:131	fumonisin B1	120:131	fumonisin B1	120:131	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	5	31	theme	SiO2	955:958	arg1	ECL					945:947	the evident anodic ECL	926:947	the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode	926:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	0	32	theme	Surface-enhanced	0:15	arg1	sensor					64:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor	0:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor	0:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	7	33	theme	ECL	1412:1414	arg1	signal					1416:1421	ECL signal	1412:1421	ECL signal again	1412:1427	After the MIP-ECL sensor was incubated in FB1 solution, the template molecules rebound to the MIP surface, leading to the enhancement of ECL signal again.
28460332	5	34	theme	NPs	1109:1111	arg1	coreactant					1087:1096	the coreactant	1083:1096	the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1083:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	34	theme	NPs	1109:1111	arg1	which					1064:1068	which	1064:1068	which	1064:1068	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	0	35	theme	imprinted	29:37	arg1	sensor					64:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor	0:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor	0:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	4	36	theme	surface-enhanced	723:738	arg1	system					773:778	this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system	718:778	this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system	718:778	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	2	37	theme	SiO2	365:368	arg1	CS					389:390	CS	389:390	CS	389:390	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	2	37	theme	SiO2	365:368	arg1	NPs					370:372	Ru@SiO2 NPs	362:372	Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites	362:402	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	7	38	theme	MIP-ECL	1285:1291	arg1	sensor					1293:1298	the MIP-ECL sensor	1281:1298	the MIP-ECL sensor	1281:1298	After the MIP-ECL sensor was incubated in FB1 solution, the template molecules rebound to the MIP surface, leading to the enhancement of ECL signal again.
28460332	5	39	theme	buffer	903:908	arg1	PBS					920:922	PBS	920:922	PBS	920:922	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	39	theme	buffer	903:908	arg1	solution					910:917	the phosphate buffer solution	889:917	the phosphate buffer solution (PBS)	889:923	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	9	40	from	application	1681:1691	arg1	samples					1701:1707	real samples	1696:1707	real samples	1696:1707	Moreover, the proposed MIP-ECL sensor displayed an excellent application in real samples.
28460332	8	41	theme	0.35pgmL-1	1600:1609	arg1	limit					1591:1595	a detection limit	1579:1595	a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1	1579:1617	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	1	42	theme	32+-doped	222:230	arg1	nanoparticles					239:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles	215:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	215:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	1	42	theme	32+-doped	222:230	arg1	NPs					262:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	3	43	theme	ECL	570:572	arg1	intensity					574:582	the ECL intensity	566:582	the ECL intensity	566:582	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	6	44	theme	apparent	1242:1249	arg1	decrease					1251:1258	an apparent decrease	1239:1258	an apparent decrease of ECL signal	1239:1272	When the template molecules were eluted from the MIP, little coreactant was left, resulting in an apparent decrease of ECL signal.
28460332	4	45	dep	work	787:790	arg1	NPs					852:854	@SiO2 NPs	846:854	@SiO2 NPs	846:854	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	45	dep	work	787:790	arg1	improve					814:820	improve	814:820	to improve the ECL intensity	811:838	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	8	46	theme	detection	1581:1589	arg1	limit					1591:1595	a detection limit	1579:1595	a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1	1579:1617	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	1	47	theme	Ru	254:255	arg1	nanoparticles					239:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles	215:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	215:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	1	47	theme	Ru	254:255	arg1	NPs					262:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	5	48	theme	above	967:971	arg1	electrode					981:989	the above working electrode	963:989	the above working electrode	963:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	2	49	theme	ECL	511:513	arg1	step					524:527	an ECL platform step	508:527	an ECL platform step	508:527	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	1	50	theme	SiO2	257:260	arg1	nanoparticles					239:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles	215:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	215:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	1	50	theme	SiO2	257:260	arg1	NPs					262:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	3	51	theme	localized	640:648	arg1	resonance					666:674	the localized surface plasmon resonance	636:674	the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)	636:681	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	3	51	theme	localized	640:648	arg1	LSPR					677:680	LSPR	677:680	LSPR	677:680	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	4	52	theme	SEECL	766:770	arg1	system					773:778	this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system	718:778	this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system	718:778	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	9	53	theme	MIP-ECL	1643:1649	arg1	sensor					1651:1656	the proposed MIP-ECL sensor	1630:1656	the proposed MIP-ECL sensor	1630:1656	Moreover, the proposed MIP-ECL sensor displayed an excellent application in real samples.
28460332	2	54	theme	carbon	472:477	arg1	GCE					490:492	GCE	490:492	GCE	490:492	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	2	54	theme	carbon	472:477	arg1	electrode					479:487	a glassy carbon electrode	463:487	a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step	463:535	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	3	55	theme	plasmon	658:664	arg1	resonance					666:674	the localized surface plasmon resonance	636:674	the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)	636:681	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	3	55	theme	plasmon	658:664	arg1	LSPR					677:680	LSPR	677:680	LSPR	677:680	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
28460332	5	56	theme	anodic	938:943	arg1	ECL					945:947	the evident anodic ECL	926:947	the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode	926:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	8	57	theme	facile	1463:1468	arg1	sensor					1478:1483	a facile MIP-ECL sensor	1461:1483	a facile MIP-ECL sensor	1461:1483	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	7	58	theme	MIP	1369:1371	arg1	surface					1373:1379	the MIP surface	1365:1379	the MIP surface	1365:1379	After the MIP-ECL sensor was incubated in FB1 solution, the template molecules rebound to the MIP surface, leading to the enhancement of ECL signal again.
28460332	9	59	theme	excellent	1671:1679	arg1	application					1681:1691	an excellent application	1668:1691	an excellent application in real samples	1668:1707	Moreover, the proposed MIP-ECL sensor displayed an excellent application in real samples.
28460332	4	60	used	used	860:863	arg2	Ru					844:845	Ru	844:845	Ru	844:845	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	60	used	used	860:863	arg2	work					787:790	AuNPs work	781:790	AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity	781:838	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	60	used	used	860:863	arg2	luminophores					872:883	ECL luminophores	868:883	ECL luminophores	868:883	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	4	61	theme	LSPR	799:802	arg1	source					804:809	the LSPR source	795:809	the LSPR source	795:809	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	1	62	theme	novel	136:140	arg1	sensor					199:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor	134:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	134:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	5	63	dep	molecule	1035:1042	arg1	B1					1054:1055	fumonisin B1	1044:1055	fumonisin B1 (FB1)	1044:1061	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	63	dep	molecule	1035:1042	arg1	FB1					1058:1060	FB1	1058:1060	FB1	1058:1060	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	64	theme	Ru	1101:1102	arg1	NPs					1109:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs	1101:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1101:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	1	65	theme	imprinted	154:162	arg1	sensor					199:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor	134:204	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	134:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	0	66	theme	ultrasensitive	92:105	arg1	detection					107:115	ultrasensitive detection	92:115	ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1	92:131	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	1	67	theme	B1	324:325	arg1	detection					301:309	highly sensitive detection	284:309	highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1)	284:331	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	2	68	theme	imprinted	422:430	arg1	MIP					441:443	MIP	441:443	MIP	441:443	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	2	68	theme	imprinted	422:430	arg1	polymer					432:438	a molecularly imprinted polymer	408:438	a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)	408:444	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	8	69	from	0.001	1555:1559	arg1	range					1544:1548	a linear range	1535:1548	a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1	1535:1572	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	5	70	from	ECL	945:947	arg1	electrode					981:989	the above working electrode	963:989	the above working electrode	963:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	0	71	theme	B1	130:131	arg1	detection					107:115	ultrasensitive detection	92:115	ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1	92:131	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	5	72	theme	@	954:954	arg1	SiO2					955:958	Ru@SiO2	952:958	Ru@SiO2	952:958	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	4	73	theme	SiO2	847:850	arg1	NPs					852:854	@SiO2 NPs	846:854	@SiO2 NPs	846:854	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	8	74	dep	results	1452:1458	arg1	basis					1437:1441	basis	1437:1441	basis	1437:1441	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	8	74	dep	results	1452:1458	arg1	the					1433:1435	the	1433:1435	the	1433:1435	On the basis of these results, a facile MIP-ECL sensor has been successfully fabricated, which exhibited a linear range from 0.001 to 100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.35pgmL-1 for FB1.
28460332	5	75	located	observed	994:1001	arg1	PBS					920:922	PBS	920:922	PBS	920:922	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	75	located	observed	994:1001	arg2	ECL					945:947	the evident anodic ECL	926:947	the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode	926:989	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	75	located	observed	994:1001	arg1	solution					910:917	the phosphate buffer solution	889:917	the phosphate buffer solution (PBS)	889:923	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	75	located	observed	994:1001	arg1	presence					1010:1017	the presence	1006:1017	the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1006:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	76	theme	SiO2	1104:1107	arg1	NPs					1109:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs	1101:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1101:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	0	77	theme	electrochemiluminescence	39:62	arg1	sensor					64:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor	0:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor	0:69	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	7	78	theme	signal	1416:1421	arg1	enhancement					1397:1407	the enhancement	1393:1407	the enhancement of ECL signal again	1393:1427	After the MIP-ECL sensor was incubated in FB1 solution, the template molecules rebound to the MIP surface, leading to the enhancement of ECL signal again.
28460332	6	79	theme	signal	1267:1272	arg1	decrease					1251:1258	an apparent decrease	1239:1258	an apparent decrease of ECL signal	1239:1272	When the template molecules were eluted from the MIP, little coreactant was left, resulting in an apparent decrease of ECL signal.
28460332	5	80	theme	due	1113:1115	arg1	NPs					1109:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs	1101:1111	Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1101:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	2	81	theme	NPs	370:372	arg1	composites					393:402	Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites	362:402	Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites	362:402	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	5	82	theme	template	1026:1033	arg1	molecule					1035:1042	the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1	1022:1141	molecule	1035:1042	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	83	theme	phosphate	893:901	arg1	PBS					920:922	PBS	920:922	PBS	920:922	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	83	theme	phosphate	893:901	arg1	solution					910:917	the phosphate buffer solution	889:917	the phosphate buffer solution (PBS)	889:923	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	2	84	theme	@	364:364	arg1	CS					389:390	CS	389:390	CS	389:390	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	2	84	theme	@	364:364	arg1	NPs					370:372	Ru@SiO2 NPs	362:372	Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites	362:402	Gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs), Ru@SiO2 NPs with chitosan (CS) composites and a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) are assembled on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate an ECL platform step by step.
28460332	0	85	theme	Ru	80:81	arg1	SiO2					83:86	Ru@SiO2	80:86	Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1	80:131	Surface-enhanced molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor based on Ru@SiO2 for ultrasensitive detection of fumonisin B1.
28460332	1	86	theme	sensitive	291:299	arg1	detection					301:309	highly sensitive detection	284:309	highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1)	284:331	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	4	87	theme	electrochemiluminescence	740:763	arg1	system					773:778	this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system	718:778	this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system	718:778	In this surface-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (SEECL) system, AuNPs work as the LSPR source to improve the ECL intensity and Ru@SiO2 NPs are used as ECL luminophores.
28460332	6	88	theme	ECL	1263:1265	arg1	signal					1267:1272	ECL signal	1263:1272	ECL signal	1263:1272	When the template molecules were eluted from the MIP, little coreactant was left, resulting in an apparent decrease of ECL signal.
28460332	5	89	theme	FB1	1139:1141	arg1	FB1					1139:1141	FB1	1139:1141	FB1	1139:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	5	89	theme	FB1	1139:1141	arg1	group					1130:1134	the amino group	1120:1134	the amino group of FB1	1120:1141	In the phosphate buffer solution (PBS), the evident anodic ECL of Ru@SiO2 on the above working electrode is observed in the presence of the template molecule fumonisin B1 (FB1), which could act as the coreactant of Ru@SiO2 NPs due to the amino group of FB1.
28460332	1	90	theme	silica	232:237	arg1	nanoparticles					239:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles	215:251	Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs)	215:265	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	1	90	theme	silica	232:237	arg1	NPs					262:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	Ru@SiO2 NPs	254:264	A novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (MIP-ECL) sensor based on Ru(bpy)32+-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru@SiO2 NPs) is developed for highly sensitive detection of fumonisin B1 (FB1).
28460332	3	91	theme	analytical	600:609	arg1	sensitivity					611:621	the analytical sensitivity	596:621	the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)	596:681	AuNPs could greatly promote the ECL intensity and improve the analytical sensitivity according to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the electrochemical effect.
29281673	0	0	theme	fermenting	96:105	arg1	mammals					107:113	hind-gut fermenting mammals	87:113	hind-gut fermenting mammals	87:113	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	4	1	from	composition	571:581	arg1	microbiome					600:609	the porcupine microbiome	586:609	the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis	586:663	Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
29281673	0	2	theme	hind-gut	87:94	arg1	mammals					107:113	hind-gut fermenting mammals	87:113	hind-gut fermenting mammals	87:113	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	9	3	contain	had	1461:1463	arg1	beaver					1454:1459	beaver	1454:1459	beaver	1454:1459	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	9	3	contain	had	1461:1463	arg2	proportions					1472:1482	higher proportions	1465:1482	higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes	1465:1528	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	9	3	contain	had	1461:1463	arg1	porcupine					1440:1448	The porcupine	1436:1448	The porcupine	1436:1448	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	7	4	from	functions	1224:1232	arg1	order					1257:1261	each order	1252:1261	each order	1252:1261	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	8	5	theme	cellobiose	1309:1318	arg1	phosphorylase					1320:1332	cellobiose phosphorylase	1309:1332	cellobiose phosphorylase	1309:1332	We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals.
29281673	6	6	theme	selected	1000:1007	arg1	porcupine					1021:1029	porcupine	1021:1029	porcupine	1021:1029	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	6	6	theme	selected	1000:1007	arg1	herbivores					1009:1018	selected herbivores	1000:1018	selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver)	1000:1038	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	5	7	theme	located	736:742	arg1	mammals					728:734	20 additional mammals	714:734	20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada)	714:794	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	8	from	Canada	788:793	arg1	located					736:742	located	736:742	located	736:742	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	8	9	theme	select	1420:1425	arg1	mammals					1427:1433	select mammals	1420:1433	select mammals	1420:1433	We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals.
29281673	1	10	dep	diversity	141:149	arg1	the					137:139	the	137:139	the	137:139	Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome.
29281673	4	11	theme	porcupine	590:598	arg1	microbiome					600:609	the porcupine microbiome	586:609	the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis	586:663	Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
29281673	3	12	theme	porcupine	370:378	arg1	diet					358:361	the primary diet	346:361	the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum,	346:399	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	12	theme	porcupine	370:378	arg1	material					420:427	lignified plant material	404:427	lignified plant material	404:427	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	6	13	dep	porcupine	1021:1029	arg1	beaver					1032:1037	beaver	1032:1037	beaver	1032:1037	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	5	14	theme	mammalian	858:866	arg1	Carnivora					896:904	Carnivora	896:904	Carnivora	896:904	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	14	theme	mammalian	858:866	arg1	Artiodactyla					911:922	Artiodactyla	911:922	Artiodactyla	911:922	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	14	theme	mammalian	858:866	arg1	Rodentia					886:893	Rodentia	886:893	Rodentia	886:893	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	14	theme	mammalian	858:866	arg1	orders					878:883	three mammalian taxonomic orders	852:883	three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla)	852:923	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	1	15	theme	gut	183:185	arg1	microbiome					187:196	the gut microbiome	179:196	the gut microbiome	179:196	Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome.
29281673	3	16	theme	lignified	404:412	arg1	diet					358:361	the primary diet	346:361	the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum,	346:399	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	16	theme	lignified	404:412	arg1	material					420:427	lignified plant material	404:427	lignified plant material	404:427	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	17	with	replete	481:487	arg1	enzymes					494:500	enzymes	494:500	enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose	494:535	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	2	18	theme	enzymes	276:282	arg1	array					267:271	a wide array	260:271	a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components	260:335	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	1	19	theme	microbiome	187:196	arg1	diversity					141:149	diversity	141:149	diversity	141:149	Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome.
29281673	1	19	theme	microbiome	187:196	arg1	activities					165:174	metabolic activities	155:174	metabolic activities	155:174	Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome.
29281673	10	20	theme	metabolic	1636:1644	arg1	capacity					1646:1653	metabolic capacity	1636:1653	metabolic capacity	1636:1653	These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet.
29281673	2	21	theme	components	326:335	arg1	processing					296:305	processing	296:305	processing of diverse dietary components	296:335	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	0	22	theme	Taxonomic	0:8	arg1	differences					10:20	Taxonomic differences	0:20	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes	0:39	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	6	23	theme	shotgun	978:984	arg1	sequencing					986:995	metagenomic shotgun sequencing	966:995	metagenomic shotgun sequencing	966:995	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	2	24	theme	dietary	318:324	arg1	components					326:335	diverse dietary components	310:335	diverse dietary components	310:335	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	7	25	theme	microbial	1214:1222	arg1	functions					1224:1232	conserved microbial functions	1204:1232	conserved microbial functions across species in each order	1204:1261	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	9	26	theme	higher	1465:1470	arg1	proportions					1472:1482	higher proportions	1465:1482	higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes	1465:1528	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	0	27	theme	gut	25:27	arg1	microbiomes					29:39	gut microbiomes	25:39	gut microbiomes	25:39	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	6	28	theme	Arctic	1064:1069	arg1	coyote					1056:1061	coyote	1056:1061	coyote	1056:1061	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	6	28	theme	Arctic	1064:1069	arg1	wolf					1071:1074	Arctic wolf	1064:1074	Arctic wolf	1064:1074	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	2	29	theme	diverse	310:316	arg1	components					326:335	diverse dietary components	310:335	diverse dietary components	310:335	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	5	30	theme	bacterial	824:832	arg1	diversity					834:842	bacterial diversity	824:842	bacterial diversity	824:842	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	3	31	theme	Erethizon	381:389	arg1	dorsatum					391:398	Erethizon dorsatum	381:398	Erethizon dorsatum	381:398	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	31	theme	Erethizon	381:389	arg1	porcupine					370:378	the porcupine	366:378	the porcupine	366:378	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	4	32	theme	bacterial	561:569	arg1	composition					571:581	the bacterial composition	557:581	the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis	557:663	Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
29281673	2	33	theme	Previous	199:206	arg1	studies					208:214	Previous studies	199:214	Previous studies	199:214	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	7	34	theme	bacterial	1134:1142	arg1	composition					1144:1154	bacterial composition	1134:1154	bacterial composition	1134:1154	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	5	35	theme	diversity	834:842	arg1	comparison					810:819	the comparison	806:819	the comparison of bacterial diversity	806:842	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	3	36	theme	plant	414:418	arg1	diet					358:361	the primary diet	346:361	the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum,	346:399	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	36	theme	plant	414:418	arg1	material					420:427	lignified plant material	404:427	lignified plant material	404:427	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	5	37	theme	additional	717:726	arg1	mammals					728:734	20 additional mammals	714:734	20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada)	714:794	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	38	dep	orders	878:883	arg1	Carnivora					896:904	Carnivora	896:904	Carnivora	896:904	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	38	dep	orders	878:883	arg1	Artiodactyla					911:922	Artiodactyla	911:922	Artiodactyla	911:922	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	38	dep	orders	878:883	arg1	Rodentia					886:893	Rodentia	886:893	Rodentia	886:893	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	38	dep	orders	878:883	arg1	orders					878:883	three mammalian taxonomic orders	852:883	three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla)	852:923	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	10	39	theme	host	1673:1676	arg1	diet					1678:1681	host diet	1673:1681	host diet	1673:1681	These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet.
29281673	9	40	theme	genes	1487:1491	arg1	proportions					1472:1482	higher proportions	1465:1482	higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes	1465:1528	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	0	41	theme	microbiomes	29:39	arg1	differences					10:20	Taxonomic differences	0:20	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes	0:39	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	5	42	theme	mammals	728:734	arg1	microbiomes					699:709	the microbiomes	695:709	the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada)	695:794	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	43	from	located	736:742	arg1	Canada					788:793	Canada	788:793	Canada	788:793	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	8	44	theme	cellulose-degrading	1387:1405	arg1	potential					1407:1415	the cellulose-degrading potential	1383:1415	the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals	1383:1433	We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals.
29281673	3	45	theme	porcupine	451:459	arg1	microbiome					461:470	the porcupine microbiome	447:470	the porcupine microbiome	447:470	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	45	theme	porcupine	451:459	arg1	replete					481:487	replete	481:487	replete	481:487	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	0	46	theme	enzymatic	60:68	arg1	potential					70:78	cellulolytic enzymatic potential	47:78	cellulolytic enzymatic potential	47:78	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	7	47	theme	data	1182:1185	arg1	sets					1187:1190	microbiome data sets	1171:1190	microbiome data sets	1171:1190	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	10	48	theme	gut	1607:1609	arg1	diversity					1622:1630	gut microbiome diversity	1607:1630	gut microbiome diversity	1607:1630	These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet.
29281673	6	49	theme	metagenomic	966:976	arg1	sequencing					986:995	metagenomic shotgun sequencing	966:995	metagenomic shotgun sequencing	966:995	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	2	50	theme	gut	236:238	arg1	microbiome					240:249	the gut microbiome	232:249	the gut microbiome	232:249	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	9	51	theme	cellulose-degrading	1502:1520	arg1	enzymes					1522:1528	cellulose-degrading enzymes	1502:1528	cellulose-degrading enzymes	1502:1528	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	0	52	theme	cellulolytic	47:58	arg1	potential					70:78	cellulolytic enzymatic potential	47:78	cellulolytic enzymatic potential	47:78	Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
29281673	6	53	theme	rRNA	930:933	arg1	sequencing					935:944	16S rRNA sequencing	926:944	16S rRNA sequencing	926:944	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	7	54	theme	microbiome	1171:1180	arg1	sets					1187:1190	microbiome data sets	1171:1190	microbiome data sets	1171:1190	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	7	55	dep	conserved	1119:1127	arg1	mined					1165:1169	mined	1165:1169	mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order	1165:1261	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	10	56	theme	further	1585:1591	arg1	evidence					1593:1600	further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet	1585:1681	further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet	1585:1681	These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet.
29281673	6	57	theme	16S	926:928	arg1	sequencing					935:944	16S rRNA sequencing	926:944	16S rRNA sequencing	926:944	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	8	58	theme	gene	1289:1292	arg1	abundances					1294:1303	the relative gene abundances	1276:1303	the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase	1276:1369	We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals.
29281673	1	59	theme	Host	116:119	arg1	diet					121:124	Host diet	116:124	Host diet	116:124	Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome.
29281673	6	60	dep	carnivores	1044:1053	arg1	coyote					1056:1061	coyote	1056:1061	coyote	1056:1061	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	6	60	dep	carnivores	1044:1053	arg1	wolf					1071:1074	Arctic wolf	1064:1074	Arctic wolf	1064:1074	16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf).
29281673	8	61	theme	mammals	1427:1433	arg1	potential					1407:1415	the cellulose-degrading potential	1383:1415	the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals	1383:1433	We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals.
29281673	8	62	theme	relative	1280:1287	arg1	abundances					1294:1303	the relative gene abundances	1276:1303	the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase	1276:1369	We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals.
29281673	7	63	theme	conserved	1204:1212	arg1	functions					1224:1232	conserved microbial functions	1204:1232	conserved microbial functions across species in each order	1204:1261	In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order.
29281673	4	64	theme	bioinformatics	641:654	arg1	analysis					656:663	bioinformatics analysis	641:663	bioinformatics analysis	641:663	Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
29281673	2	65	theme	wide	262:265	arg1	array					267:271	a wide array	260:271	a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components	260:335	Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components.
29281673	9	66	theme	Artic	1539:1543	arg1	wolf					1545:1548	the Artic wolf	1535:1548	the Artic wolf	1535:1548	The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote.
29281673	1	67	theme	metabolic	155:163	arg1	activities					165:174	metabolic activities	155:174	metabolic activities	155:174	Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome.
29281673	5	68	theme	taxonomic	868:876	arg1	Carnivora					896:904	Carnivora	896:904	Carnivora	896:904	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	68	theme	taxonomic	868:876	arg1	Artiodactyla					911:922	Artiodactyla	911:922	Artiodactyla	911:922	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	68	theme	taxonomic	868:876	arg1	Rodentia					886:893	Rodentia	886:893	Rodentia	886:893	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	5	68	theme	taxonomic	868:876	arg1	orders					878:883	three mammalian taxonomic orders	852:883	three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla)	852:923	We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla).
29281673	4	69	theme	rRNA	621:624	arg1	sequencing					626:635	16S rRNA sequencing	617:635	16S rRNA sequencing	617:635	Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
29281673	3	70	theme	primary	350:356	arg1	diet					358:361	the primary diet	346:361	the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum,	346:399	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	3	70	theme	primary	350:356	arg1	material					420:427	lignified plant material	404:427	lignified plant material	404:427	Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose.
29281673	10	71	theme	microbiome	1611:1620	arg1	diversity					1622:1630	gut microbiome diversity	1607:1630	gut microbiome diversity	1607:1630	These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet.
29281673	4	72	theme	16S	617:619	arg1	sequencing					626:635	16S rRNA sequencing	617:635	16S rRNA sequencing	617:635	Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
24967835	5	0	theme	open	914:917	arg1	structure					919:927	more open structure	909:927	more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP	909:963	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	2	1	theme	levels	283:288	arg1	Analysis					258:265	Analysis	258:265	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests	258:312	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	5	2	theme	wall	1025:1028	arg1	network					1030:1036	the CRP cell wall network	1012:1036	the CRP cell wall network	1012:1036	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	2	3	theme	carbohydrate	270:281	arg1	levels					283:288	carbohydrate levels	270:288	carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests	270:312	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	0	4	theme	root	83:86	arg1	pulp					88:91	chicory root pulp	75:91	chicory root pulp	75:91	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	5	5	theme	increased	801:809	arg1	levels					811:816	(i) increased levels	797:816	(i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan)	797:884	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	3	6	theme	same	418:421	arg1	composition					448:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	5	7	dep	ahypothesized	895:907	arg1	ii					891:892	ii	891:892	ii	891:892	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	8	theme	cell	946:949	arg1	walls					951:955	the remaining cell walls	932:955	the remaining cell walls	932:955	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	0	9	theme	chicory	75:81	arg1	pulp					88:91	chicory root pulp	75:91	chicory root pulp	75:91	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	5	10	theme	CRP	1016:1018	arg1	network					1030:1036	the CRP cell wall network	1012:1036	the CRP cell wall network	1012:1036	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	4	11	theme	fiber	658:662	arg1	utilization					664:674	fiber utilization	658:674	fiber utilization for ECRP after 24 h	658:694	The level of fiber utilization for ECRP after 24 h was increased by 8% compared to CRP.
24967835	5	12	dep	levels	811:816	arg1	i					798:798	i	798:798	i	798:798	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	2	13	from	Analysis	258:265	arg1	digests					306:312	fermentation digests	293:312	fermentation digests	293:312	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	3	14	theme	wall	428:431	arg1	composition					448:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	1	15	theme	research	132:139	arg1	aim					120:122	The aim	116:122	The aim of this research	116:139	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	0	16	theme	pulp	88:91	arg1	fermentation					59:70	the in vitro fermentation	46:70	the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp	46:91	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	2	17	used	utilized	360:367	arg2	carbohydrates					341:353	all CRP carbohydrates	333:353	all CRP carbohydrates	333:353	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	2	17	used	utilized	360:367	arg2	%					328:328	51%	326:328	51% of all CRP carbohydrates	326:353	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	2	18	theme	fermentation	383:394	arg1	h					378:378	24 h	375:378	24 h of fermentation	375:394	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	2	19	from	levels	283:288	arg1	digests					306:312	fermentation digests	293:312	fermentation digests	293:312	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	3	20	theme	polysaccharide	433:446	arg1	composition					448:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	5	21	from	structure	919:927	arg1	ECRP					960:963	ECRP	960:963	ECRP	960:963	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	3	22	theme	first	633:637	arg1	h					642:642	the first 12 h	629:642	the first 12 h	629:642	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	5	23	theme	pectin	829:834	arg1	homogalacturonan					854:869	homogalacturonan	854:869	homogalacturonan	854:869	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	23	theme	pectin	829:834	arg1	galactan					876:883	galactan	876:883	galactan	876:883	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	23	theme	pectin	829:834	arg1	arabinan					844:851	arabinan	844:851	arabinan	844:851	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	23	theme	pectin	829:834	arg1	fibers					836:841	soluble pectin fibers	821:841	soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan)	821:884	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	1	24	theme	ensiled	211:217	arg1	ECRP					224:227	ECRP	224:227	ECRP	224:227	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	1	24	theme	ensiled	211:217	arg1	CRP					219:221	ensiled CRP	211:221	ensiled CRP (ECRP)	211:228	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	5	25	dep	fibers	836:841	arg1	homogalacturonan					854:869	homogalacturonan	854:869	homogalacturonan	854:869	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	25	dep	fibers	836:841	arg1	galactan					876:883	galactan	876:883	galactan	876:883	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	25	dep	fibers	836:841	arg1	arabinan					844:851	arabinan	844:851	arabinan	844:851	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	25	dep	fibers	836:841	arg1	fibers					836:841	soluble pectin fibers	821:841	soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan)	821:884	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	26	from	effect	738:743	arg1	utilization					754:764	fiber utilization	748:764	fiber utilization	748:764	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	1	27	theme	CRP	219:221	arg1	fermentation					167:178	the in vitro fermentation	154:178	the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum	154:255	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	0	28	theme	gut	102:104	arg1	bacteria					106:113	human gut bacteria	96:113	human gut bacteria	96:113	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	2	29	theme	CRP	337:339	arg1	carbohydrates					341:353	all CRP carbohydrates	333:353	all CRP carbohydrates	333:353	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	0	30	theme	soluble	10:16	arg1	fibers					32:37	soluble and insoluble fibers	10:37	soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp	10:91	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	0	31	theme	human	96:100	arg1	bacteria					106:113	human gut bacteria	96:113	human gut bacteria	96:113	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	3	32	used	utilized	613:620	arg2	%					587:587	11%	585:587	11%	585:587	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	0	33	dep	in	50:51	arg1	vitro					53:57	vitro	53:57	vitro	53:57	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	1	34	theme	in	158:159	arg1	fermentation					167:178	the in vitro fermentation	154:178	the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum	154:255	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	0	35	theme	fibers	32:37	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.	0:114	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	5	36	theme	soluble	821:827	arg1	homogalacturonan					854:869	homogalacturonan	854:869	homogalacturonan	854:869	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	36	theme	soluble	821:827	arg1	galactan					876:883	galactan	876:883	galactan	876:883	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	36	theme	soluble	821:827	arg1	arabinan					844:851	arabinan	844:851	arabinan	844:851	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	36	theme	soluble	821:827	arg1	fibers					836:841	soluble pectin fibers	821:841	soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan)	821:884	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	0	37	theme	insoluble	22:30	arg1	fibers					32:37	soluble and insoluble fibers	10:37	soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp	10:91	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	3	38	theme	times	497:501	arg1	solubilization					477:490	solubilization	477:490	solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin	477:520	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	5	39	theme	walls	951:955	arg1	structure					919:927	more open structure	909:927	more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP	909:963	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	40	theme	remaining	936:944	arg1	walls					951:955	the remaining cell walls	932:955	the remaining cell walls	932:955	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	5	41	theme	fibers	836:841	arg1	levels					811:816	(i) increased levels	797:816	(i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan)	797:884	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	2	42	from	digests	306:312	arg1	Analysis					258:265	Analysis	258:265	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests	258:312	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	1	43	theme	human	236:240	arg1	inoculum					248:255	human fecal inoculum	236:255	human fecal inoculum	236:255	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	1	44	theme	fecal	242:246	arg1	inoculum					248:255	human fecal inoculum	236:255	human fecal inoculum	236:255	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	3	45	theme	CRP	511:513	arg1	pectin					515:520	CRP pectin	511:520	CRP pectin	511:520	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	4	46	theme	utilization	664:674	arg1	level					649:653	The level	645:653	The level of fiber utilization for ECRP after 24 h	645:694	The level of fiber utilization for ECRP after 24 h was increased by 8% compared to CRP.
24967835	5	47	theme	fiber	748:752	arg1	utilization					754:764	fiber utilization	748:764	fiber utilization	748:764	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	3	48	theme	pectin	515:520	arg1	solubilization					477:490	solubilization	477:490	solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin	477:520	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	1	49	theme	chicory	183:189	arg1	CRP					202:204	CRP	202:204	CRP	202:204	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	1	49	theme	chicory	183:189	arg1	pulp					196:199	chicory root pulp	183:199	chicory root pulp (CRP)	183:205	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	3	50	theme	more	503:506	arg1	times					497:501	4 times	495:501	4 times more	495:506	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	2	51	theme	carbohydrates	341:353	arg1	carbohydrates					341:353	all CRP carbohydrates	333:353	all CRP carbohydrates	333:353	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	2	51	theme	carbohydrates	341:353	arg1	%					328:328	51%	326:328	51% of all CRP carbohydrates	326:353	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	2	52	theme	fermentation	293:304	arg1	digests					306:312	fermentation digests	293:312	fermentation digests	293:312	Analysis of carbohydrate levels in fermentation digests showed that 51% of all CRP carbohydrates were utilized after 24 h of fermentation.
24967835	5	53	from	ECRP	771:774	arg1	effect					738:743	This effect	733:743	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP	733:774	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	1	54	theme	root	191:194	arg1	CRP					202:204	CRP	202:204	CRP	202:204	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	1	54	theme	root	191:194	arg1	pulp					196:199	chicory root pulp	183:199	chicory root pulp (CRP)	183:205	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	0	55	theme	in	50:51	arg1	fermentation					59:70	the in vitro fermentation	46:70	the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp	46:91	Effect of soluble and insoluble fibers within the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp by human gut bacteria.
24967835	1	56	dep	in	158:159	arg1	vitro					161:165	vitro	161:165	vitro	161:165	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24967835	3	57	theme	cell	423:426	arg1	composition					448:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	the same cell wall polysaccharide composition	414:458	For ECRP, having the same cell wall polysaccharide composition as CRP, but with solubilization of 4 times more of CRP pectin due to ensiling, the fermentation was quicker than with CRP as 11% more carbohydrates were utilized within the first 12 h.
24967835	5	58	theme	cell	1020:1023	arg1	network					1030:1036	the CRP cell wall network	1012:1036	the CRP cell wall network	1012:1036	This effect on fiber utilization from ECRP seemed to arise from (i) increased levels of soluble pectin fibers (arabinan, homogalacturonan, and galactan) and (ii) ahypothesized more open structure of the remaining cell walls in ECRP, which was more accessible to degradation than the CRP cell wall network.
24967835	1	59	theme	pulp	196:199	arg1	fermentation					167:178	the in vitro fermentation	154:178	the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum	154:255	The aim of this research was to study the in vitro fermentation of chicory root pulp (CRP) and ensiled CRP (ECRP) using human fecal inoculum.
24437353	3	0	from	end	509:511	arg1	residue					479:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue	446:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end	446:511	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	1	1	theme	different	148:156	arg1	classes					158:164	different classes	148:164	different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	148:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	9	2	theme	host	1240:1243	arg1	health					1245:1250	host health	1240:1250	host health	1240:1250	However, several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health were observed, which are discussed.
24437353	0	3	theme	human	74:78	arg1	inocula					94:100	human and pig fecal inocula	74:100	human and pig fecal inocula	74:100	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	5	4	theme	pig	708:710	arg1	microbiota					718:727	pig fecal microbiota	708:727	pig fecal microbiota	708:727	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota was different and much slower compared to human fecal microbiota.
24437353	1	5	theme	classes	158:164	arg1	characteristics					129:143	The in vitro fermentation characteristics	103:143	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	103:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	7	6	theme	pig	987:989	arg1	microbiota					997:1006	pig fecal microbiota	987:1006	pig fecal microbiota	987:1006	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	0	7	theme	fecal	88:92	arg1	inocula					94:100	human and pig fecal inocula	74:100	human and pig fecal inocula	74:100	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	5	8	theme	fecal	712:716	arg1	microbiota					718:727	pig fecal microbiota	708:727	pig fecal microbiota	708:727	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota was different and much slower compared to human fecal microbiota.
24437353	7	9	theme	fecal	991:995	arg1	microbiota					997:1006	pig fecal microbiota	987:1006	pig fecal microbiota	987:1006	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	1	10	theme	fecal	245:249	arg1	inocula					251:257	fecal inocula	245:257	fecal inocula	245:257	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	0	11	theme	pig	84:86	arg1	inocula					94:100	human and pig fecal inocula	74:100	human and pig fecal inocula	74:100	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	8	12	theme	human	1099:1103	arg1	inoculum					1111:1118	human fecal inoculum	1099:1118	human fecal inoculum	1099:1118	No classic bifidogenic effect was shown for SBPOS using human fecal inoculum.
24437353	2	13	theme	homogalacturonan	390:405	arg1	oligosaccharides					407:422	partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides	351:422	partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides	351:422	The SBPOS consisted mainly of partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides and partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides.
24437353	9	14	theme	microbiota	1189:1198	arg1	composition					1200:1210	the microbiota composition	1185:1210	the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health	1185:1250	However, several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health were observed, which are discussed.
24437353	2	15	theme	rhamnogalacturonan	311:328	arg1	oligosaccharides					330:345	partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	290:345	partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	290:345	The SBPOS consisted mainly of partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides and partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides.
24437353	6	16	theme	homogalacturonan	869:884	arg1	oligosaccharides					886:901	homogalacturonan oligosaccharides	869:901	homogalacturonan oligosaccharides	869:901	In general, rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides were degraded slower than homogalacturonan oligosaccharides.
24437353	3	17	theme	non-reducing	496:507	arg1	end					509:511	their non-reducing end	490:511	their non-reducing end	490:511	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	3	18	theme	galacturonic	461:472	arg1	residue					479:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue	446:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end	446:511	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	3	19	theme	acid	474:477	arg1	residue					479:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue	446:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end	446:511	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	1	20	dep	in	107:108	arg1	vitro					110:114	vitro	110:114	vitro	110:114	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	1	21	theme	sugar	169:173	arg1	SBPOS					205:209	SBPOS	205:209	SBPOS	205:209	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	1	21	theme	sugar	169:173	arg1	oligosaccharides					187:202	sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides	169:202	sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	169:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	8	22	theme	fecal	1105:1109	arg1	inoculum					1111:1118	human fecal inoculum	1099:1118	human fecal inoculum	1099:1118	No classic bifidogenic effect was shown for SBPOS using human fecal inoculum.
24437353	2	23	theme	acetylated	300:309	arg1	oligosaccharides					330:345	partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	290:345	partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	290:345	The SBPOS consisted mainly of partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides and partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides.
24437353	7	24	theme	degradation	967:977	arg1	rate					979:982	the degradation rate	963:982	the degradation rate	963:982	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	1	25	theme	beet	175:178	arg1	SBPOS					205:209	SBPOS	205:209	SBPOS	205:209	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	1	25	theme	beet	175:178	arg1	oligosaccharides					187:202	sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides	169:202	sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	169:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	0	26	theme	In	0:1	arg1	fermentability					9:22	In vitro fermentability	0:22	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp	0:41	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	5	27	theme	SBPOS	699:703	arg1	degradation					684:694	The degradation	680:694	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota	680:727	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota was different and much slower compared to human fecal microbiota.
24437353	5	27	theme	SBPOS	699:703	arg1	different					733:741	different	733:741	different	733:741	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota was different and much slower compared to human fecal microbiota.
24437353	7	28	theme	oligosaccharides	938:953	arg1	Acetylation					904:914	Acetylation	904:914	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	904:953	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	1	29	theme	pectic	180:185	arg1	SBPOS					205:209	SBPOS	205:209	SBPOS	205:209	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	1	29	theme	pectic	180:185	arg1	oligosaccharides					187:202	sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides	169:202	sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	169:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	3	30	contain	contained	436:444	arg2	residue					479:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue	446:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end	446:511	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	3	30	contain	contained	436:444	arg1	SBPOS					430:434	Some SBPOS	425:434	Some SBPOS	425:434	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	1	31	theme	oligosaccharides	187:202	arg1	classes					158:164	different classes	148:164	different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	148:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	2	32	theme	methyl-esterified/acetylated	361:388	arg1	oligosaccharides					407:422	partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides	351:422	partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides	351:422	The SBPOS consisted mainly of partially acetylated rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides and partially methyl-esterified/acetylated homogalacturonan oligosaccharides.
24437353	0	33	theme	beet	33:36	arg1	pulp					38:41	sugar beet pulp	27:41	sugar beet pulp	27:41	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	1	34	dep	human	231:235	arg1	inocula					251:257	fecal inocula	245:257	fecal inocula	245:257	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	7	35	theme	rhamnogalacturonan	919:936	arg1	oligosaccharides					938:953	rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	919:953	rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	919:953	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	0	36	theme	sugar	27:31	arg1	beet					33:36	sugar beet	27:36	sugar beet pulp	27:41	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	4	37	dep	human	571:575	arg1	microbiota					591:600	fecal microbiota	585:600	fecal microbiota	585:600	It was shown that SBPOS could be completely fermented by human and pig fecal microbiota, thereby producing butyrate yet mainly acetate and propionate as metabolites.
24437353	5	38	theme	human	771:775	arg1	microbiota					783:792	human fecal microbiota	771:792	human fecal microbiota	771:792	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota was different and much slower compared to human fecal microbiota.
24437353	3	39	theme	unsaturated	449:459	arg1	residue					479:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue	446:485	an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end	446:511	Some SBPOS contained an unsaturated galacturonic acid residue at their non-reducing end.
24437353	5	40	theme	fecal	777:781	arg1	microbiota					783:792	human fecal microbiota	771:792	human fecal microbiota	771:792	The degradation of SBPOS by pig fecal microbiota was different and much slower compared to human fecal microbiota.
24437353	6	41	theme	rhamnogalacturonan	807:824	arg1	oligosaccharides					826:841	rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	807:841	rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides	807:841	In general, rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides were degraded slower than homogalacturonan oligosaccharides.
24437353	0	42	theme	pulp	38:41	arg1	fermentability					9:22	In vitro fermentability	0:22	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp	0:41	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	8	43	theme	classic	1046:1052	arg1	effect					1066:1071	No classic bifidogenic effect	1043:1071	No classic bifidogenic effect	1043:1071	No classic bifidogenic effect was shown for SBPOS using human fecal inoculum.
24437353	1	44	theme	in	107:108	arg1	characteristics					129:143	The in vitro fermentation characteristics	103:143	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	103:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	7	45	theme	human	1019:1023	arg1	microbiota					1031:1040	human fecal microbiota	1019:1040	human fecal microbiota	1019:1040	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	4	46	theme	fecal	585:589	arg1	microbiota					591:600	fecal microbiota	585:600	fecal microbiota	585:600	It was shown that SBPOS could be completely fermented by human and pig fecal microbiota, thereby producing butyrate yet mainly acetate and propionate as metabolites.
24437353	7	47	theme	fecal	1025:1029	arg1	microbiota					1031:1040	human fecal microbiota	1019:1040	human fecal microbiota	1019:1040	Acetylation of rhamnogalacturonan oligosaccharides lowered the degradation rate by pig fecal microbiota but not by human fecal microbiota.
24437353	9	48	from	modifications	1168:1180	arg1	composition					1200:1210	the microbiota composition	1185:1210	the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health	1185:1250	However, several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health were observed, which are discussed.
24437353	1	49	theme	fermentation	116:127	arg1	characteristics					129:143	The in vitro fermentation characteristics	103:143	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS)	103:210	The in vitro fermentation characteristics of different classes of sugar beet pectic oligosaccharides (SBPOS) were studied using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	9	50	theme	other	1138:1142	arg1	modifications					1168:1180	several other potentially interesting modifications	1130:1180	several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health	1130:1250	However, several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health were observed, which are discussed.
24437353	8	51	theme	bifidogenic	1054:1064	arg1	effect					1066:1071	No classic bifidogenic effect	1043:1071	No classic bifidogenic effect	1043:1071	No classic bifidogenic effect was shown for SBPOS using human fecal inoculum.
24437353	9	52	theme	several	1130:1136	arg1	modifications					1168:1180	several other potentially interesting modifications	1130:1180	several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health	1130:1250	However, several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health were observed, which are discussed.
24437353	0	53	dep	In	0:1	arg1	vitro					3:7	vitro	3:7	vitro	3:7	In vitro fermentability of sugar beet pulp derived oligosaccharides using human and pig fecal inocula.
24437353	9	54	theme	interesting	1156:1166	arg1	modifications					1168:1180	several other potentially interesting modifications	1130:1180	several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health	1130:1250	However, several other potentially interesting modifications in the microbiota composition that can be associated with host health were observed, which are discussed.
24129331	5	0	dep	control	635:641	arg1	systems					676:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	Both control and Dox loaded composite nanogel systems were analyzed by DLS, SEM, FTIR and TG/DTA.
24129331	7	1	theme	neutral	1106:1112	arg1	internalization					1127:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization	1106:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems	1106:1164	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	1	2	theme	common	122:127	arg1	cancer					129:134	the most common cancer	113:134	the most common cancer	113:134	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer and its treatment has been considered a therapeutic challenge.
24129331	7	3	theme	pH.	1114:1116	arg1	internalization					1127:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization	1106:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems	1106:1164	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	6	4	theme	size	732:735	arg1	nm					847:848	90±20 and 270±20 nm	830:848	90±20 and 270±20 nm	830:848	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	6	4	theme	size	732:735	arg1	ranges					737:742	The size ranges	728:742	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts	728:811	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	1	5	theme	cancer	129:134	arg1	one					106:108	one	106:108	one	106:108	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer and its treatment has been considered a therapeutic challenge.
24129331	1	5	theme	cancer	129:134	arg1	cancer					129:134	the most common cancer	113:134	the most common cancer	113:134	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer and its treatment has been considered a therapeutic challenge.
24129331	5	6	theme	composite	658:666	arg1	systems					676:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	Both control and Dox loaded composite nanogel systems were analyzed by DLS, SEM, FTIR and TG/DTA.
24129331	7	7	theme	release	1015:1021	arg1	studies					1023:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	8	theme	control	869:875	arg1	CNGs					888:891	The control chitin-PLA CNGs	865:891	The control chitin-PLA CNGs	865:891	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	2	9	theme	important	236:244	arg1	agents					263:268	the most important chemotherapeutic agents	227:268	the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer	227:307	Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer.
24129331	8	10	theme	liver	1283:1287	arg1	HepG2					1270:1274	HepG2	1270:1274	HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines	1270:1306	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	8	10	theme	liver	1283:1287	arg1	cancer					1289:1294	human liver cancer	1277:1294	human liver cancer	1277:1294	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	5	11	theme	nanogel	668:674	arg1	systems					676:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	Both control and Dox loaded composite nanogel systems were analyzed by DLS, SEM, FTIR and TG/DTA.
24129331	8	12	theme	nanogels	1241:1248	arg1	cytotoxicity					1211:1222	The cytotoxicity	1207:1222	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels	1207:1248	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	7	13	theme	acidic	1084:1089	arg1	pH					1091:1092	acidic pH	1084:1092	acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy	1084:1204	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	6	14	theme	counterparts	800:811	arg1	nm					847:848	90±20 and 270±20 nm	830:848	90±20 and 270±20 nm	830:848	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	6	14	theme	counterparts	800:811	arg1	ranges					737:742	The size ranges	728:742	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts	728:811	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	8	15	theme	HepG2	1270:1274	arg1	lines					1302:1306	HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines	1270:1306	HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines	1270:1306	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	7	16	dep	showed	917:922	arg1	showed					1052:1057	showed	1052:1057	showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy	1052:1204	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	16	dep	showed	917:922	arg1	carried					1036:1042	carried	1036:1042	were carried out	1031:1046	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	3	17	theme	toxic	383:387	arg1	effects					394:400	the dose-dependent toxic side effects	364:400	the dose-dependent toxic side effects	364:400	However, the efficacy of Dox therapy is restricted by the dose-dependent toxic side effects.
24129331	4	18	theme	Dox	437:439	arg1	cardiotoxicity					419:432	the cardiotoxicity	415:432	the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC	415:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	4	18	theme	Dox	437:439	arg1	problems					464:471	the current problems	452:471	the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC	415:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	7	19	theme	drug	1010:1013	arg1	studies					1023:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	0	20	theme	Bio-responsive	0:13	arg1	chitin-poly					15:25	Bio-responsive chitin-poly	0:25	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid)	0:40	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid) composite nanogels for liver cancer.
24129331	0	20	theme	Bio-responsive	0:13	arg1	acid					36:39	L-lactic acid	27:39	L-lactic acid	27:39	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid) composite nanogels for liver cancer.
24129331	3	21	theme	side	389:392	arg1	effects					394:400	the dose-dependent toxic side effects	364:400	the dose-dependent toxic side effects	364:400	However, the efficacy of Dox therapy is restricted by the dose-dependent toxic side effects.
24129331	9	22	theme	system	1428:1433	arg1	compatibility					1407:1419	the blood compatibility	1397:1419	the blood compatibility of the system	1397:1433	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	10	23	theme	Overall	1436:1442	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	23	theme	Overall	1436:1442	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	24	theme	delivery	1508:1515	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	24	theme	delivery	1508:1515	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	7	25	theme	Cellular	1118:1125	arg1	internalization					1127:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization	1106:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems	1106:1164	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	1	26	theme	Hepatic	79:85	arg1	carcinoma					87:95	Hepatic carcinoma	79:95	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC)	79:101	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer and its treatment has been considered a therapeutic challenge.
24129331	1	26	theme	Hepatic	79:85	arg1	HCC					98:100	HCC	98:100	HCC	98:100	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer and its treatment has been considered a therapeutic challenge.
24129331	10	27	theme	drug	1503:1506	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	27	theme	drug	1503:1506	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	3	28	theme	Dox	335:337	arg1	therapy					339:345	Dox therapy	335:345	Dox therapy	335:345	However, the efficacy of Dox therapy is restricted by the dose-dependent toxic side effects.
24129331	4	29	theme	treatment	498:506	arg1	cardiotoxicity					419:432	the cardiotoxicity	415:432	the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC	415:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	4	29	theme	treatment	498:506	arg1	problems					464:471	the current problems	452:471	the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC	415:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	7	30	theme	in	1001:1002	arg1	studies					1023:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	9	31	theme	in	1337:1338	arg1	assay					1356:1360	in vitro hemolytic assay	1337:1360	in vitro hemolytic assay	1337:1360	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	3	32	theme	dose-dependent	368:381	arg1	effects					394:400	the dose-dependent toxic side effects	364:400	the dose-dependent toxic side effects	364:400	However, the efficacy of Dox therapy is restricted by the dose-dependent toxic side effects.
24129331	0	33	theme	L-lactic	27:34	arg1	chitin-poly					15:25	Bio-responsive chitin-poly	0:25	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid)	0:40	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid) composite nanogels for liver cancer.
24129331	0	33	theme	L-lactic	27:34	arg1	acid					36:39	L-lactic acid	27:39	L-lactic acid	27:39	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid) composite nanogels for liver cancer.
24129331	4	34	theme	modality	489:496	arg1	treatment					498:506	conventional modality treatment	476:506	conventional modality treatment of HCC	476:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	7	35	theme	entrapment	975:984	arg1	efficiency					986:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	2	36	theme	agents	263:268	arg1	agents					263:268	the most important chemotherapeutic agents	227:268	the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer	227:307	Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer.
24129331	2	36	theme	agents	263:268	arg1	one					220:222	one	220:222	one	220:222	Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer.
24129331	8	37	theme	cell	1297:1300	arg1	lines					1302:1306	HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines	1270:1306	HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines	1270:1306	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	9	38	theme	assay	1356:1360	arg1	results					1326:1332	the results	1322:1332	the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay	1322:1382	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	7	39	theme	drug	1068:1071	arg1	release					1073:1079	a higher drug release	1059:1079	a higher drug release	1059:1079	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	4	40	theme	HCC	511:513	arg1	treatment					498:506	conventional modality treatment	476:506	conventional modality treatment of HCC	476:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	9	41	theme	assay	1378:1382	arg1	results					1326:1332	the results	1322:1332	the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay	1322:1382	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	2	42	theme	chemotherapeutic	246:261	arg1	agents					263:268	the most important chemotherapeutic agents	227:268	the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer	227:307	Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer.
24129331	10	43	theme	Dox-chitin-PLA	1444:1457	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	43	theme	Dox-chitin-PLA	1444:1457	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	8	44	theme	composite	1231:1239	arg1	nanogels					1241:1248	the composite nanogels	1227:1248	the composite nanogels	1227:1248	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	7	45	theme	pH.	966:968	arg1	efficiency					986:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	9	46	theme	coagulation	1366:1376	arg1	assay					1378:1382	coagulation assay	1366:1382	coagulation assay	1366:1382	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	6	47	dep	loaded	793:798	arg1	drug					788:791	drug	788:791	drug	788:791	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	9	48	theme	hemolytic	1346:1354	arg1	assay					1356:1360	in vitro hemolytic assay	1337:1360	in vitro hemolytic assay	1337:1360	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	4	49	theme	sensitive	573:581	arg1	nanogels					593:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels	529:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery	529:627	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	7	50	dep	in	1001:1002	arg1	vitro					1004:1008	vitro	1004:1008	vitro	1004:1008	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	5	51	theme	loaded	651:656	arg1	systems					676:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	loaded composite nanogel systems	651:682	Both control and Dox loaded composite nanogel systems were analyzed by DLS, SEM, FTIR and TG/DTA.
24129331	6	52	theme	nanogels	769:776	arg1	nm					847:848	90±20 and 270±20 nm	830:848	90±20 and 270±20 nm	830:848	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	6	52	theme	nanogels	769:776	arg1	ranges					737:742	The size ranges	728:742	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts	728:811	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	7	53	theme	higher	1061:1066	arg1	release					1073:1079	a higher drug release	1059:1079	a higher drug release	1059:1079	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	54	theme	higher	924:929	arg1	swelling					931:938	higher swelling	924:938	higher swelling	924:938	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	1	55	theme	therapeutic	176:186	arg1	challenge					188:196	a therapeutic challenge	174:196	a therapeutic challenge	174:196	Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer and its treatment has been considered a therapeutic challenge.
24129331	3	56	theme	therapy	339:345	arg1	efficacy					323:330	the efficacy	319:330	the efficacy of Dox therapy	319:345	However, the efficacy of Dox therapy is restricted by the dose-dependent toxic side effects.
24129331	4	57	theme	current	456:462	arg1	problems					464:471	the current problems	452:471	the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC	415:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	8	58	theme	human	1277:1281	arg1	HepG2					1270:1274	HepG2	1270:1274	HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines	1270:1306	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	8	58	theme	human	1277:1281	arg1	cancer					1289:1294	human liver cancer	1277:1294	human liver cancer	1277:1294	The cytotoxicity of the composite nanogels was analyzed toward HepG2 (human liver cancer) cell lines.
24129331	6	59	theme	composite	759:767	arg1	nanogels					769:776	the control composite nanogels	747:776	the control composite nanogels	747:776	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	6	60	theme	loaded	793:798	arg1	counterparts					800:811	their drug loaded counterparts	782:811	their drug loaded counterparts	782:811	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	2	61	theme	liver	296:300	arg1	cancer					302:307	liver cancer	296:307	liver cancer	296:307	Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most important chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment for liver cancer.
24129331	7	62	theme	Drug	970:973	arg1	efficiency					986:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	4	63	theme	conventional	476:487	arg1	treatment					498:506	conventional modality treatment	476:506	conventional modality treatment of HCC	476:513	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	7	64	theme	acidic	959:964	arg1	efficiency					986:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	6	65	theme	control	751:757	arg1	nanogels					769:776	the control composite nanogels	747:776	the control composite nanogels	747:776	The size ranges of the control composite nanogels and their drug loaded counterparts were found to be 90±20 and 270±20 nm, respectively.
24129331	9	66	dep	in	1337:1338	arg1	vitro					1340:1344	vitro	1340:1344	vitro	1340:1344	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	7	67	theme	fluorescent	1183:1193	arg1	microscopy					1195:1204	fluorescent microscopy	1183:1204	fluorescent microscopy	1183:1204	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	9	68	theme	blood	1401:1405	arg1	compatibility					1407:1419	the blood compatibility	1397:1419	the blood compatibility of the system	1397:1433	Furthermore, the results of in vitro hemolytic assay and coagulation assay substantiate the blood compatibility of the system.
24129331	10	69	theme	promising	1482:1490	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	69	theme	promising	1482:1490	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	4	70	theme	injectable	539:548	arg1	nanogels					593:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels	529:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery	529:627	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	7	71	theme	systems	1158:1164	arg1	internalization					1127:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization	1106:1141	neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems	1106:1164	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	72	from	degradation	944:954	arg1	studies					1023:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	72	from	degradation	944:954	arg1	efficiency					986:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	0	73	theme	liver	65:69	arg1	cancer					71:76	liver cancer	65:76	liver cancer	65:76	Bio-responsive chitin-poly(L-lactic acid) composite nanogels for liver cancer.
24129331	7	74	from	swelling	931:938	arg1	studies					1023:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	in vitro drug release studies	1001:1029	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	74	from	swelling	931:938	arg1	efficiency					986:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency	959:995	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	75	theme	Dox-chitin-PLA	897:910	arg1	CNGs					912:915	Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs	897:915	Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs	897:915	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	7	76	theme	nanogel	1150:1156	arg1	systems					1158:1164	the nanogel systems	1146:1164	the nanogel systems	1146:1164	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	4	77	theme	composite	583:591	arg1	nanogels					593:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels	529:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery	529:627	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	4	78	theme	biodegradable	551:563	arg1	nanogels					593:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels	529:600	a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery	529:627	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	10	79	theme	liver	1528:1532	arg1	therapy					1541:1547	liver cancer therapy	1528:1547	liver cancer therapy	1528:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	80	theme	anticancer	1492:1501	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	80	theme	anticancer	1492:1501	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	7	81	theme	chitin-PLA	877:886	arg1	CNGs					888:891	The control chitin-PLA CNGs	865:891	The control chitin-PLA CNGs	865:891	The control chitin-PLA CNGs and Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs showed higher swelling and degradation in acidic pH. Drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies were carried out and showed a higher drug release at acidic pH compared to neutral pH. Cellular internalization of the nanogel systems was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy.
24129331	4	82	theme	specific	611:618	arg1	delivery					620:627	site specific delivery	606:627	site specific delivery	606:627	To overcome the cardiotoxicity of Dox as well as the current problems of conventional modality treatment of HCC, we developed a locally injectable, biodegradable, and pH sensitive composite nanogels for site specific delivery.
24129331	10	83	theme	cancer	1534:1539	arg1	therapy					1541:1547	liver cancer therapy	1528:1547	liver cancer therapy	1528:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	84	theme	CNGs	1459:1462	arg1	system					1517:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system	1480:1522	a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy	1480:1547	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
24129331	10	84	theme	CNGs	1459:1462	arg1	system					1464:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system	1436:1469	Overall Dox-chitin-PLA CNGs system could be a promising anticancer drug delivery system for liver cancer therapy.
27474575	7	0	link	derived	1236:1242	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	0	link	derived	1236:1242	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	6	1	theme	cell	1103:1106	arg1	property					1119:1126	the superior cell supporting property	1090:1126	the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold	1090:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	4	2	theme	nanofibrous	668:678	arg1	scaffolds					680:688	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds	655:688	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds	655:688	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds were fully characterized for their functional, structural and mechanical property.
27474575	5	3	theme	like	834:837	arg1	crystals					839:846	apatite like crystals	826:846	apatite like crystals	826:846	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	1	4	theme	cellulose	184:192	arg1	SFC					232:234	SFC	232:234	SFC	232:234	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	4	theme	cellulose	184:192	arg1	scaffold					222:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold	170:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC)	170:235	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	9	5	theme	bone	1755:1758	arg1	application					1779:1789	bone tissue engineering application	1755:1789	bone tissue engineering application	1755:1789	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	6	theme	CMC	195:197	arg1	SFC					232:234	SFC	232:234	SFC	232:234	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	6	theme	CMC	195:197	arg1	scaffold					222:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold	170:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC)	170:235	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	6	7	theme	contact	1005:1011	arg1	angle					1013:1017	contact angle	1005:1017	contact angle	1005:1017	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	9	8	theme	engineering	1767:1777	arg1	application					1779:1789	bone tissue engineering application	1755:1789	bone tissue engineering application	1755:1789	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	9	theme	composite	200:208	arg1	SFC					232:234	SFC	232:234	SFC	232:234	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	9	theme	composite	200:208	arg1	scaffold					222:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold	170:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC)	170:235	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	10	theme	Novel	142:146	arg1	SF					162:163	SF	162:163	SF	162:163	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	10	theme	Novel	142:146	arg1	fibroin					153:159	Novel silk fibroin	142:159	Novel silk fibroin (SF)	142:164	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	8	11	theme	activity	1503:1510	arg1	correlation					1467:1477	the positive correlation	1454:1477	the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1454:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	12	theme	differentiation	1364:1378	arg1	capability					1380:1389	the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability	1338:1389	the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability	1338:1389	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	5	13	theme	crystals	839:846	arg1	development					811:821	the development	807:821	the development of apatite like crystals	807:846	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	5	14	theme	nanospherical	870:882	arg1	scaffolds					857:865	SFC scaffolds	853:865	SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology	853:896	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	8	15	theme	alizarin	1513:1520	arg1	staining					1522:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	5	16	theme	scaffold	950:957	arg1	surface					939:945	the surface	935:945	the surface of scaffold	935:957	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	7	17	theme	pure	1406:1409	arg1	fibroin					1416:1422	pure silk fibroin	1406:1422	pure silk fibroin	1406:1422	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	0	18	theme	enhanced	71:78	arg1	potential					91:99	enhanced biomimetic potential	71:99	enhanced biomimetic potential	71:99	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	8	19	theme	transcription	1562:1574	arg1	factor					1576:1581	runt-related transcription factor 2	1549:1583	runt-related transcription factor 2	1549:1583	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	20	theme	cells	1267:1271	arg1	differentiation					1196:1210	osteogenic differentiation	1185:1210	osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1185:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	6	21	theme	uptake	1029:1034	arg1	capacity					1036:1043	water uptake capacity	1023:1043	water uptake capacity	1023:1043	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	0	22	theme	bone	105:108	arg1	engineering					117:127	bone tissue engineering	105:127	bone tissue engineering application	105:139	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	3	23	theme	Ca/P	576:579	arg1	≤100nm					591:596	≤100nm	591:596	≤100nm	591:596	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	3	23	theme	Ca/P	576:579	arg1	particle					581:588	Ca/P particle	576:588	Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface	576:652	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	8	24	theme	osteocalcin	1586:1596	arg1	expression					1535:1544	expression	1535:1544	expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1535:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	8	24	theme	osteocalcin	1586:1596	arg1	activity					1503:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	8	24	theme	osteocalcin	1586:1596	arg1	staining					1522:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	2	25	theme	composite	404:412	arg1	scaffold					426:433	The composite nanofibrous scaffold	400:433	The composite nanofibrous scaffold	400:433	The composite nanofibrous scaffold was prepared by free liquid surface electrospinning method.
27474575	7	26	theme	derived	1236:1242	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	26	theme	derived	1236:1242	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	1	27	theme	tissue	368:373	arg1	engineering					375:385	bone tissue engineering	363:385	bone tissue engineering application	363:397	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	6	28	theme	supporting	1108:1117	arg1	property					1119:1126	the superior cell supporting property	1090:1126	the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold	1090:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	2	29	theme	surface	463:469	arg1	method					487:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	The composite nanofibrous scaffold was prepared by free liquid surface electrospinning method.
27474575	8	30	theme	type1	1602:1606	arg1	expression					1535:1544	expression	1535:1544	expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1535:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	8	30	theme	type1	1602:1606	arg1	activity					1503:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	8	30	theme	type1	1602:1606	arg1	staining					1522:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	0	31	theme	biomimetic	80:89	arg1	potential					91:99	enhanced biomimetic potential	71:99	enhanced biomimetic potential	71:99	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	0	32	theme	Carboxymethyl	0:12	arg1	cellulose					14:22	Carboxymethyl cellulose	0:22	Carboxymethyl cellulose	0:22	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	6	33	theme	superior	1094:1101	arg1	property					1119:1126	the superior cell supporting property	1090:1126	the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold	1090:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	2	34	theme	free	451:454	arg1	method					487:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	The composite nanofibrous scaffold was prepared by free liquid surface electrospinning method.
27474575	8	35	theme	obtained	1429:1436	arg1	result					1438:1443	The obtained result	1425:1443	The obtained result	1425:1443	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	36	theme	improved	1342:1349	arg1	capability					1380:1389	the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability	1338:1389	the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability	1338:1389	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	8	37	theme	biomimetic	1634:1643	arg1	property					1645:1652	the biomimetic property	1630:1652	the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1630:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	38	theme	cord	1225:1228	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	38	theme	cord	1225:1228	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	0	39	theme	fibroin	37:43	arg1	scaffold					57:64	silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold	32:64	silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application	32:139	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	40	theme	nanosized	303:311	arg1	phosphate					321:329	bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate	293:329	bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application	293:397	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	7	41	theme	osteogenic	1185:1194	arg1	differentiation					1196:1210	osteogenic differentiation	1185:1210	osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1185:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	6	42	theme	SF	1065:1066	arg1	scaffold					1068:1075	pure SF scaffold	1060:1075	pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold	1060:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	8	43	theme	positive	1458:1465	arg1	correlation					1467:1477	the positive correlation	1454:1477	the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1454:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	3	44	theme	nanofibrous	519:529	arg1	scaffold					531:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold	495:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold	495:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	7	45	theme	Ca/P	1177:1180	arg1	effect					1156:1161	The effect	1152:1161	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1152:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	9	46	theme	developed	1682:1690	arg1	scaffold					1742:1749	a potential scaffold	1730:1749	a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application	1730:1789	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	9	46	theme	developed	1682:1690	arg1	composite					1692:1700	the developed composite	1678:1700	the developed composite	1678:1700	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	8	47	theme	scaffolds	1661:1669	arg1	property					1645:1652	the biomimetic property	1630:1652	the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1630:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	3	48	theme	developed	499:507	arg1	scaffold					531:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold	495:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold	495:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	7	49	theme	late	1302:1305	arg1	stage					1307:1311	early and late stage	1292:1311	early and late stage of differentiation	1292:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	2	50	theme	nanofibrous	414:424	arg1	scaffold					426:433	The composite nanofibrous scaffold	400:433	The composite nanofibrous scaffold	400:433	The composite nanofibrous scaffold was prepared by free liquid surface electrospinning method.
27474575	8	51	theme	phosphatase	1491:1501	arg1	activity					1503:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	0	52	with	scaffold	57:64	arg1	potential					91:99	enhanced biomimetic potential	71:99	enhanced biomimetic potential	71:99	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	6	53	theme	SF/CMC	1135:1140	arg1	scaffold					1142:1149	the SF/CMC scaffold	1131:1149	the SF/CMC scaffold	1131:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	7	54	theme	stem	1262:1265	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	54	theme	stem	1262:1265	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	8	55	dep	factor	1576:1581	arg1	collagen					1608:1615	collagen	1608:1615	collagen	1608:1615	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	9	56	theme	potential	1732:1740	arg1	composite					1692:1700	the developed composite	1678:1700	the developed composite	1678:1700	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	9	56	theme	potential	1732:1740	arg1	scaffold					1742:1749	a potential scaffold	1730:1749	a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application	1730:1789	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	57	theme	carboxymethyl	170:182	arg1	SFC					232:234	SFC	232:234	SFC	232:234	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	57	theme	carboxymethyl	170:182	arg1	scaffold					222:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold	170:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC)	170:235	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	4	58	theme	obtained	659:666	arg1	scaffolds					680:688	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds	655:688	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds	655:688	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds were fully characterized for their functional, structural and mechanical property.
27474575	6	59	theme	angle	1013:1017	arg1	measure					994:1000	a measure	992:1000	a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity	992:1043	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	9	60	theme	tissue	1760:1765	arg1	application					1779:1789	bone tissue engineering application	1755:1789	bone tissue engineering application	1755:1789	Thus, the developed composite has been demonstrated to be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	3	61	theme	particle	581:588	arg1	size					568:571	the size	564:571	the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface	564:652	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	5	62	theme	SFC	853:855	arg1	scaffolds					857:865	SFC scaffolds	853:865	SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology	853:896	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	1	63	theme	nanofibrous	210:220	arg1	SFC					232:234	SFC	232:234	SFC	232:234	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	63	theme	nanofibrous	210:220	arg1	scaffold					222:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold	170:229	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC)	170:235	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	8	64	theme	staining	1522:1529	arg1	correlation					1467:1477	the positive correlation	1454:1477	the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1454:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	65	theme	human	1244:1248	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	65	theme	human	1244:1248	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	5	66	from	nanospherical	870:882	arg1	morphology					887:896	morphology	887:896	morphology	887:896	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	8	67	theme	expression	1535:1544	arg1	correlation					1467:1477	the positive correlation	1454:1477	the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1454:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	4	68	theme	functional	725:734	arg1	property					763:770	their functional, structural and mechanical property	719:770	their functional, structural and mechanical property	719:770	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds were fully characterized for their functional, structural and mechanical property.
27474575	3	69	theme	Ca/P	632:635	arg1	≤100nm					591:596	≤100nm	591:596	≤100nm	591:596	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	3	69	theme	Ca/P	632:635	arg1	nucleation					618:627	uniform nucleation	610:627	Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface	576:652	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	3	69	theme	Ca/P	632:635	arg1	particle					581:588	Ca/P particle	576:588	Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface	576:652	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	5	70	from	scaffolds	857:865	arg1	morphology					887:896	morphology	887:896	morphology	887:896	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	1	71	theme	silk	148:151	arg1	SF					162:163	SF	162:163	SF	162:163	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	71	theme	silk	148:151	arg1	fibroin					153:159	Novel silk fibroin	142:159	Novel silk fibroin (SF)	142:164	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	6	72	theme	pure	1060:1063	arg1	scaffold					1068:1075	pure SF scaffold	1060:1075	pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold	1060:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	8	73	theme	runt-related	1549:1560	arg1	factor					1576:1581	runt-related transcription factor 2	1549:1583	runt-related transcription factor 2	1549:1583	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	74	theme	silk	1411:1414	arg1	fibroin					1416:1422	pure silk fibroin	1406:1422	pure silk fibroin	1406:1422	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	4	75	theme	structural	737:746	arg1	property					763:770	their functional, structural and mechanical property	719:770	their functional, structural and mechanical property	719:770	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds were fully characterized for their functional, structural and mechanical property.
27474575	5	76	theme	XRD	777:779	arg1	analysis					789:796	The XRD and EDX analysis	773:796	The XRD and EDX analysis	773:796	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	3	77	theme	nucleation	618:627	arg1	size					568:571	the size	564:571	the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface	564:652	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	8	78	theme	factor	1576:1581	arg1	expression					1535:1544	expression	1535:1544	expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds	1535:1669	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	8	78	theme	factor	1576:1581	arg1	activity					1503:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	8	78	theme	factor	1576:1581	arg1	staining					1522:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	alizarin staining	1513:1529	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	7	79	theme	mesenchymal	1250:1260	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	79	theme	mesenchymal	1250:1260	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	5	80	theme	EDX	785:787	arg1	analysis					789:796	The XRD and EDX analysis	773:796	The XRD and EDX analysis	773:796	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	5	81	from	morphology	887:896	arg1	scaffolds					857:865	SFC scaffolds	853:865	SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology	853:896	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
27474575	6	82	theme	capacity	1036:1043	arg1	measure					994:1000	a measure	992:1000	a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity	992:1043	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	0	83	theme	tissue	110:115	arg1	engineering					117:127	bone tissue engineering	105:127	bone tissue engineering application	105:139	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	6	84	theme	water	1023:1027	arg1	capacity					1036:1043	water uptake capacity	1023:1043	water uptake capacity	1023:1043	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	1	85	dep	phosphate	321:329	arg1	Ca/P					332:335	Ca/P	332:335	Ca/P	332:335	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	3	86	theme	composite	509:517	arg1	scaffold					531:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold	495:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold	495:538	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	7	87	theme	blood	1230:1234	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	87	theme	blood	1230:1234	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	1	88	theme	bone	363:366	arg1	engineering					375:385	bone tissue engineering	363:385	bone tissue engineering application	363:397	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	7	89	theme	umbilical	1215:1223	arg1	cells					1267:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells	1215:1271	umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1215:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	7	89	theme	umbilical	1215:1223	arg1	hMSCs					1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	hMSCs	1274:1278	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	1	90	theme	engineering	375:385	arg1	application					387:397	bone tissue engineering application	363:397	bone tissue engineering application	363:397	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	7	91	theme	osteoblastic	1351:1362	arg1	capability					1380:1389	the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability	1338:1389	the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability	1338:1389	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	2	92	theme	liquid	456:461	arg1	method					487:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	The composite nanofibrous scaffold was prepared by free liquid surface electrospinning method.
27474575	4	93	theme	mechanical	752:761	arg1	property					763:770	their functional, structural and mechanical property	719:770	their functional, structural and mechanical property	719:770	The obtained nanofibrous scaffolds were fully characterized for their functional, structural and mechanical property.
27474575	0	94	theme	silk	32:35	arg1	scaffold					57:64	silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold	32:64	silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application	32:139	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	0	95	theme	nanofibrous	45:55	arg1	scaffold					57:64	silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold	32:64	silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application	32:139	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	96	theme	bioactive	293:301	arg1	phosphate					321:329	bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate	293:329	bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application	293:397	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	7	97	theme	differentiation	1316:1330	arg1	stage					1307:1311	early and late stage	1292:1311	early and late stage of differentiation	1292:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	0	98	theme	engineering	117:127	arg1	application					129:139	bone tissue engineering application	105:139	bone tissue engineering application	105:139	Carboxymethyl cellulose enables silk fibroin nanofibrous scaffold with enhanced biomimetic potential for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	1	99	theme	calcium	313:319	arg1	phosphate					321:329	bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate	293:329	bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application	293:397	Novel silk fibroin (SF) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) composite nanofibrous scaffold (SFC) were developed to investigate their ability to nucleate bioactive nanosized calcium phosphate (Ca/P) by biomineralization for bone tissue engineering application.
27474575	2	100	theme	electrospinning	471:485	arg1	method					487:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	free liquid surface electrospinning method	451:492	The composite nanofibrous scaffold was prepared by free liquid surface electrospinning method.
27474575	7	101	from	effect	1156:1161	arg1	differentiation					1196:1210	osteogenic differentiation	1185:1210	osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation	1185:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	3	102	theme	uniform	610:616	arg1	nucleation					618:627	uniform nucleation	610:627	Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface	576:652	The developed composite nanofibrous scaffold was observed to control the size of Ca/P particle (≤100nm) as well as uniform nucleation of Ca/P over the surface.
27474575	7	103	theme	early	1292:1296	arg1	stage					1307:1311	early and late stage	1292:1311	early and late stage of differentiation	1292:1330	The effect of biomimetic Ca/P on osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) studied in early and late stage of differentiation shows the improved osteoblastic differentiation capability as compared to pure silk fibroin.
27474575	6	104	theme	scaffold	1142:1149	arg1	property					1119:1126	the superior cell supporting property	1090:1126	the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold	1090:1149	Additionally, hydrophilicity as a measure of contact angle and water uptake capacity is higher than pure SF scaffold representing the superior cell supporting property of the SF/CMC scaffold.
27474575	8	105	theme	alkaline	1482:1489	arg1	phosphatase					1491:1501	alkaline phosphatase	1482:1501	alkaline phosphatase activity	1482:1510	The obtained result confirms the positive correlation of alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin staining and expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin and type1 collagen representing the biomimetic property of the scaffolds.
27474575	5	106	theme	apatite	826:832	arg1	crystals					839:846	apatite like crystals	826:846	apatite like crystals	826:846	The XRD and EDX analysis depicted the development of apatite like crystals over SFC scaffolds of nanospherical in morphology and distributed uniformly throughout the surface of scaffold.
28792743	1	0	theme	metal	334:338	arg1	salts					340:344	classical divalent metal salts	315:344	classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	315:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	1	0	theme	metal	334:338	arg1	CaCl2					354:358	CaCl2	354:358	CaCl2	354:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	7	1	theme	synergistic	1089:1099	arg1	delivery					1117:1124	synergistic anticancer drug delivery	1089:1124	synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier	1089:1132	In particular, films made of alginate and oxalic acid show good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier.
28792743	4	2	theme	DMSO-based	672:681	arg1	gels					683:686	DMSO-based gels	672:686	DMSO-based gels	672:686	DMSO-based gels showed remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties, which can be tuned by the biopolymer concentration.
28792743	1	3	theme	poly	249:252	arg1	compounds					271:279	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds	249:279	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	249:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	6	4	theme	gels	964:967	arg1	beads					938:942	beads	938:942	beads	938:942	The possibility to prepare monoliths, beads, and films of these gels provide them with significant versatility.
28792743	6	4	theme	gels	964:967	arg1	films					949:953	films	949:953	films	949:953	The possibility to prepare monoliths, beads, and films of these gels provide them with significant versatility.
28792743	6	4	theme	gels	964:967	arg1	monoliths					927:935	monoliths	927:935	monoliths	927:935	The possibility to prepare monoliths, beads, and films of these gels provide them with significant versatility.
28792743	1	5	theme	salts	340:344	arg1	agents					297:302	cross-linker agents	284:302	cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	284:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	7	6	theme	anticancer	1101:1110	arg1	delivery					1117:1124	synergistic anticancer drug delivery	1089:1124	synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier	1089:1132	In particular, films made of alginate and oxalic acid show good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier.
28792743	9	7	theme	ionic	1489:1493	arg1	associations					1495:1506	multiple ionic associations	1480:1506	multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1480:1555	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	9	8	theme	oxalic	1418:1423	arg1	gels					1436:1439	oxalic acid-based gels	1418:1439	oxalic acid-based gels	1418:1439	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	3	9	with	gels	550:553	arg1	properties					600:609	mechanical properties	589:609	mechanical properties	589:609	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	3	9	with	gels	550:553	arg1	thermal					565:571	thermal	565:571	thermal	565:571	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	3	9	with	gels	550:553	arg1	°C					581:582	90-100 °C	574:582	90-100 °C	574:582	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	9	10	theme	alginate	1527:1534	arg1	counterions					1545:1555	oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1518:1555	oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1518:1555	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	9	11	theme	Na+	1541:1543	arg1	counterions					1545:1555	oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1518:1555	oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1518:1555	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	1	12	theme	carboxylic	254:263	arg1	poly					249:252	poly	249:252	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	249:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	1	12	theme	carboxylic	254:263	arg1	acid					265:268	carboxylic acid	254:268	carboxylic acid	254:268	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	8	13	theme	gels	1383:1386	arg1	stability					1359:1367	the stability	1355:1367	the stability of DMSO-based gels	1355:1386	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	9	14	theme	oxalate	1518:1524	arg1	counterions					1545:1555	oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1518:1555	oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1518:1555	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	5	15	theme	DMSO-based	883:892	arg1	gels					894:897	DMSO-based gels	883:897	DMSO-based gels	883:897	Furthermore, oxalic acid-based gels show superior elasticity than HCl, CaCl2 and DMSO-based gels.
28792743	4	16	theme	remarkable	695:704	arg1	properties					738:747	remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties	695:747	remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties	695:747	DMSO-based gels showed remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties, which can be tuned by the biopolymer concentration.
28792743	3	17	theme	gelation	466:473	arg1	process					475:481	The gelation process	462:481	The gelation process	462:481	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	9	18	theme	coexistence	1465:1475	arg1	consequence					1446:1456	a consequence	1444:1456	a consequence	1444:1456	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	9	18	theme	coexistence	1465:1475	arg1	cohesion					1406:1413	the cohesion	1402:1413	the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels	1402:1439	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	1	19	theme	unmodified	168:177	arg1	alginate					186:193	unmodified sodium alginate	168:193	unmodified sodium alginate	168:193	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	9	20	theme	gels	1436:1439	arg1	consequence					1446:1456	a consequence	1444:1456	a consequence	1444:1456	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	9	20	theme	gels	1436:1439	arg1	cohesion					1406:1413	the cohesion	1402:1413	the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels	1402:1439	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	2	21	theme	solutions	451:459	arg1	gelation					422:429	the rapid gelation	412:429	the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions	412:459	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was also found to induce the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions.
28792743	0	22	theme	Paradigm	0:7	arg1	Shift					9:13	Paradigm Shift	0:13	Paradigm Shift	0:13	Paradigm Shift for Preparing Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate.
28792743	1	23	theme	sodium	179:184	arg1	alginate					186:193	unmodified sodium alginate	168:193	unmodified sodium alginate	168:193	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	7	24	theme	oxalic	1054:1059	arg1	acid					1061:1064	oxalic acid	1054:1064	oxalic acid	1054:1064	In particular, films made of alginate and oxalic acid show good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier.
28792743	4	25	theme	thixotropic	726:736	arg1	properties					738:747	remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties	695:747	remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties	695:747	DMSO-based gels showed remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties, which can be tuned by the biopolymer concentration.
28792743	9	26	theme	associations	1495:1506	arg1	coexistence					1465:1475	the coexistence	1461:1475	the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1461:1555	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	2	27	theme	rapid	416:420	arg1	gelation					422:429	the rapid gelation	412:429	the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions	412:459	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was also found to induce the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions.
28792743	8	28	theme	bonding	1248:1254	arg1	networks					1256:1263	hydrogen bonding networks	1239:1263	hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains	1239:1333	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	9	29	theme	acid-based	1425:1434	arg1	gels					1436:1439	oxalic acid-based gels	1418:1439	oxalic acid-based gels	1418:1439	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	8	30	theme	DMSO-based	1372:1381	arg1	gels					1383:1386	DMSO-based gels	1372:1386	DMSO-based gels	1372:1386	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	8	31	theme	classical	1191:1199	arg1	methodologies					1213:1225	both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies	1163:1225	methodologies	1213:1225	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	9	32	theme	multiple	1480:1487	arg1	associations					1495:1506	multiple ionic associations	1480:1506	multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions	1480:1555	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	9	33	theme	interacting	1602:1612	arg1	species					1614:1620	all the interacting species	1594:1620	all the interacting species grouped	1594:1628	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	5	34	theme	acid-based	822:831	arg1	gels					833:836	oxalic acid-based gels	815:836	oxalic acid-based gels	815:836	Furthermore, oxalic acid-based gels show superior elasticity than HCl, CaCl2 and DMSO-based gels.
28792743	5	35	theme	oxalic	815:820	arg1	gels					833:836	oxalic acid-based gels	815:836	oxalic acid-based gels	815:836	Furthermore, oxalic acid-based gels show superior elasticity than HCl, CaCl2 and DMSO-based gels.
28792743	8	36	theme	water	1273:1277	arg1	molecules					1288:1296	water and DMSO molecules	1273:1296	water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains	1273:1333	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	0	37	theme	M2+-Free	39:46	arg1	Gels					48:51	Versatile M2+-Free Gels	29:51	Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate	29:83	Paradigm Shift for Preparing Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate.
28792743	1	38	theme	cross-linker	284:295	arg1	agents					297:302	cross-linker agents	284:302	cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	284:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	0	39	from	Alginate	76:83	arg1	Gels					48:51	Versatile M2+-Free Gels	29:51	Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate	29:83	Paradigm Shift for Preparing Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate.
28792743	7	40	theme	drug	1112:1115	arg1	delivery					1117:1124	synergistic anticancer drug delivery	1089:1124	synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier	1089:1132	In particular, films made of alginate and oxalic acid show good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier.
28792743	0	41	theme	Versatile	29:37	arg1	Gels					48:51	Versatile M2+-Free Gels	29:51	Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate	29:83	Paradigm Shift for Preparing Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate.
28792743	2	42	theme	alginate	442:449	arg1	solutions					451:459	aqueous alginate solutions	434:459	aqueous alginate solutions	434:459	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was also found to induce the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions.
28792743	8	43	theme	alginate	1319:1326	arg1	chains					1328:1333	the alginate chains	1315:1333	the alginate chains	1315:1333	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	5	44	theme	superior	843:850	arg1	elasticity					852:861	superior elasticity	843:861	superior elasticity than HCl, CaCl2 and DMSO-based gels	843:897	Furthermore, oxalic acid-based gels show superior elasticity than HCl, CaCl2 and DMSO-based gels.
28792743	1	45	theme	small	217:221	arg1	molecules					231:239	small organic molecules	217:239	small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	217:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	1	45	theme	small	217:221	arg1	compounds					271:279	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds	249:279	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	249:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	2	46	theme	aqueous	434:440	arg1	solutions					451:459	aqueous alginate solutions	434:459	aqueous alginate solutions	434:459	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was also found to induce the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions.
28792743	8	47	theme	force-field	1201:1211	arg1	methodologies					1213:1225	both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies	1163:1225	methodologies	1213:1225	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	3	48	theme	mechanical	589:598	arg1	properties					600:609	mechanical properties	589:609	mechanical properties	589:609	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	1	49	theme	new	114:116	arg1	route					118:122	a new route	112:122	a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	112:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	7	50	theme	delivery	1117:1124	arg1	carrier					1126:1132	synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier	1089:1132	synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier	1089:1132	In particular, films made of alginate and oxalic acid show good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier.
28792743	3	51	theme	metal-containing	633:648	arg1	analogs					650:656	classical metal-containing analogs	623:656	classical metal-containing analogs	623:656	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	7	52	theme	good	1071:1074	arg1	potential					1076:1084	good potential	1071:1084	good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier	1071:1132	In particular, films made of alginate and oxalic acid show good potential as synergistic anticancer drug delivery carrier.
28792743	8	53	theme	located	1298:1304	arg1	molecules					1288:1296	water and DMSO molecules	1273:1296	water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains	1273:1333	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	1	54	theme	classical	315:323	arg1	salts					340:344	classical divalent metal salts	315:344	classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	315:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	1	54	theme	classical	315:323	arg1	CaCl2					354:358	CaCl2	354:358	CaCl2	354:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	4	55	theme	self-supporting	706:720	arg1	properties					738:747	remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties	695:747	remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties	695:747	DMSO-based gels showed remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties, which can be tuned by the biopolymer concentration.
28792743	1	56	theme	organic	223:229	arg1	molecules					231:239	small organic molecules	217:239	small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	217:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	1	56	theme	organic	223:229	arg1	compounds					271:279	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds	249:279	poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	249:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	9	57	from	consequence	1446:1456	arg1	contrast					1392:1399	contrast	1392:1399	contrast	1392:1399	In contrast, the cohesion of oxalic acid-based gels is a consequence of the coexistence of multiple ionic associations involving oxalate, alginate, and Na+ counterions, which stabilize the system and keep all the interacting species grouped.
28792743	3	58	theme	room	498:501	arg1	temperature					503:513	room temperature	498:513	room temperature	498:513	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	0	59	theme	Sodium	69:74	arg1	Alginate					76:83	Unmodified Sodium Alginate	58:83	Unmodified Sodium Alginate	58:83	Paradigm Shift for Preparing Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate.
28792743	3	60	theme	classical	623:631	arg1	analogs					650:656	classical metal-containing analogs	623:656	classical metal-containing analogs	623:656	The gelation process takes place at room temperature, and depending on the composition, gels with good thermal (90-100 °C) and mechanical properties compared to classical metal-containing analogs are obtained.
28792743	8	61	theme	DMSO	1283:1286	arg1	molecules					1288:1296	water and DMSO molecules	1273:1296	water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains	1273:1333	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	2	62	theme	Dimethyl	361:368	arg1	DMSO					381:384	DMSO	381:384	DMSO	381:384	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was also found to induce the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions.
28792743	2	62	theme	Dimethyl	361:368	arg1	sulfoxide					370:378	Dimethyl sulfoxide	361:378	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)	361:385	Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was also found to induce the rapid gelation of aqueous alginate solutions.
28792743	8	63	theme	hydrogen	1239:1246	arg1	networks					1256:1263	hydrogen bonding networks	1239:1263	hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains	1239:1333	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
28792743	6	64	theme	significant	987:997	arg1	versatility					999:1009	significant versatility	987:1009	significant versatility	987:1009	The possibility to prepare monoliths, beads, and films of these gels provide them with significant versatility.
28792743	0	65	theme	Unmodified	58:67	arg1	Alginate					76:83	Unmodified Sodium Alginate	58:83	Unmodified Sodium Alginate	58:83	Paradigm Shift for Preparing Versatile M2+-Free Gels from Unmodified Sodium Alginate.
28792743	1	66	theme	divalent	325:332	arg1	salts					340:344	classical divalent metal salts	315:344	classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2	315:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	1	66	theme	divalent	325:332	arg1	CaCl2					354:358	CaCl2	354:358	CaCl2	354:358	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	4	67	theme	biopolymer	776:785	arg1	concentration					787:799	the biopolymer concentration	772:799	the biopolymer concentration	772:799	DMSO-based gels showed remarkable self-supporting and thixotropic properties, which can be tuned by the biopolymer concentration.
28792743	1	68	theme	Ca2+-free	143:151	arg1	hydrogels					153:161	rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels	135:161	rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels	135:161	This manuscript describes a new route to prepare rapidly Ca2+-free hydrogels from unmodified sodium alginate by simply mixing with small organic molecules such as poly(carboxylic acid) compounds as cross-linker agents instead of classical divalent metal salts such as CaCl2.
28792743	8	69	theme	Computational	1135:1147	arg1	studies					1149:1155	Computational studies	1135:1155	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies	1135:1225	Computational studies using both quantum mechanical and classical force-field methodologies reveal that hydrogen bonding networks between water and DMSO molecules located close to the alginate chains are responsible for the stability of DMSO-based gels.
25762527	6	0	theme	body	1028:1031	arg1	gain					1040:1043	body weight gain	1028:1043	body weight gain	1028:1043	Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels.
25762527	10	1	theme	gut	1765:1767	arg1	bacteria					1769:1776	gut bacteria	1765:1776	gut bacteria	1765:1776	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	10	2	theme	intestinal	1795:1804	arg1	level					1806:1810	the intestinal level	1791:1810	the intestinal level	1791:1810	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	10	3	with	combination	1705:1715	arg1	quercetin					1722:1730	quercetin	1722:1730	quercetin	1722:1730	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	4	4	theme	gut	657:659	arg1	dysbiosis					672:680	gut microbiota dysbiosis	657:680	gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS)	657:720	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	2	5	theme	health	271:276	arg1	properties					289:298	their health beneficial properties	265:298	their health beneficial properties	265:298	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	8	6	theme	Quercetin	1216:1224	arg1	supplementation					1226:1240	Quercetin supplementation	1216:1240	Quercetin supplementation	1216:1240	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	1	7	theme	normal	186:191	arg1	composition					208:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	Diet-induced obesity is associated to an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota composition.
25762527	4	8	theme	quercetin	615:623	arg1	administration					625:638	quercetin administration	615:638	quercetin administration	615:638	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	1	9	theme	microbiota	197:206	arg1	composition					208:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	Diet-induced obesity is associated to an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota composition.
25762527	8	10	theme	great	1254:1258	arg1	impact					1260:1265	a great impact	1252:1265	a great impact on gut microbiota composition	1252:1295	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	10	11	theme	tight-junction	1845:1858	arg1	proteins					1860:1867	tight-junction proteins	1845:1867	tight-junction proteins	1845:1867	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	8	12	theme	microbiota	1274:1283	arg1	composition					1285:1295	gut microbiota composition	1270:1295	gut microbiota composition	1270:1295	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	10	13	theme	genes	1897:1901	arg1	expression					1831:1840	the mRNA expression	1822:1840	the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes	1822:1901	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	1	14	theme	Diet-induced	128:139	arg1	obesity					141:147	Diet-induced obesity	128:147	Diet-induced obesity	128:147	Diet-induced obesity is associated to an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota composition.
25762527	5	15	theme	mg/kg	907:911	arg1	quercetin					893:901	quercetin	893:901	quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day)	893:919	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	15	theme	mg/kg	907:911	arg1	BW/day					913:918	30 mg/kg BW/day	904:918	30 mg/kg BW/day	904:918	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	1	16	from	imbalance	169:177	arg1	composition					208:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	Diet-induced obesity is associated to an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota composition.
25762527	4	17	theme	sucrose	703:709	arg1	HFS					717:719	HFS	717:719	HFS	717:719	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	4	17	theme	sucrose	703:709	arg1	diet					711:714	high-fat sucrose diet	694:714	high-fat sucrose diet (HFS)	694:720	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	5	18	from	doses	967:971	arg1	combination					926:936	a combination	924:936	a combination of both polyphenols at those doses	924:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	18	from	doses	967:971	arg1	BW					883:884	BW	883:884	BW	883:884	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	18	from	doses	967:971	arg1	BW/day					913:918	30 mg/kg BW/day	904:918	30 mg/kg BW/day	904:918	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	18	from	doses	967:971	arg1	polyphenols					946:956	both polyphenols	941:956	both polyphenols at those doses	941:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	18	from	doses	967:971	arg1	quercetin					893:901	quercetin	893:901	quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day)	893:919	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	18	from	doses	967:971	arg1	weight					875:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight	842:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day]	842:890	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	19	theme	body	870:873	arg1	BW					883:884	BW	883:884	BW	883:884	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	19	theme	body	870:873	arg1	weight					875:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight	842:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day]	842:890	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	3	20	theme	bacterial	519:527	arg1	composition					529:539	intestinal bacterial composition	508:539	intestinal bacterial composition	508:539	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	8	21	theme	Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes	1340:1363	arg1	ratio					1365:1369	Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio	1340:1369	Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio	1340:1369	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	7	22	theme	quercetin	1141:1149	arg1	supplementation					1100:1114	individual supplementation	1089:1114	individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin	1089:1149	Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance.
25762527	6	23	theme	polyphenols	997:1007	arg1	Administration					974:987	Administration	974:987	Administration of both polyphenols	974:1007	Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels.
25762527	7	24	theme	trans-resveratrol	1119:1135	arg1	supplementation					1100:1114	individual supplementation	1089:1114	individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin	1089:1149	Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance.
25762527	5	25	from	weight	875:880	arg1	doses					967:971	those doses	961:971	those doses	961:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	8	26	theme	different	1300:1308	arg1	levels					1320:1325	different taxonomic levels	1300:1325	different taxonomic levels	1300:1325	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	3	27	theme	molecules	431:439	arg1	use					418:420	the use	414:420	the use of these molecules in obesity	414:450	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	3	27	theme	molecules	431:439	arg1	strategy					487:494	a potential strategy	475:494	a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition	475:539	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	0	28	theme	gut	17:19	arg1	composition					32:42	faecal gut microbiota composition	10:42	faecal gut microbiota composition	10:42	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	9	29	theme	HFS-diet-induced	1603:1618	arg1	dysbiosis					1635:1643	HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis	1603:1643	HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis	1603:1643	Overall, the administration of quercetin was found to be effective in lessening HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.
25762527	2	30	theme	microbial	386:394	arg1	ecosystem					396:404	the gut microbial ecosystem	378:404	the gut microbial ecosystem	378:404	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	5	31	theme	Wistar	756:761	arg1	rats					763:766	Wistar rats	756:766	Wistar rats	756:766	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	2	32	contain	have	301:304	arg1	quercetin					237:245	quercetin	237:245	quercetin	237:245	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	2	32	contain	have	301:304	arg1	Resveratrol					221:231	Resveratrol	221:231	Resveratrol	221:231	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	2	32	contain	have	301:304	arg2	bioavailability					310:324	low bioavailability	306:324	low bioavailability	306:324	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	9	33	theme	microbiota	1624:1633	arg1	dysbiosis					1635:1643	HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis	1603:1643	HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis	1603:1643	Overall, the administration of quercetin was found to be effective in lessening HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.
25762527	8	34	theme	species	1410:1416	arg1	growth					1390:1395	the growth	1386:1395	the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides)	1386:1520	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	6	35	theme	serum	1057:1061	arg1	levels					1071:1076	reduced serum insulin levels	1049:1076	reduced serum insulin levels	1049:1076	Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels.
25762527	5	36	from	quercetin	893:901	arg1	doses					967:971	those doses	961:971	those doses	961:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	2	37	theme	gut	382:384	arg1	ecosystem					396:404	the gut microbial ecosystem	378:404	the gut microbial ecosystem	378:404	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	8	38	theme	diet-induced	1443:1454	arg1	obesity					1456:1462	diet-induced obesity	1443:1462	diet-induced obesity	1443:1462	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	3	39	theme	potential	477:485	arg1	use					418:420	the use	414:420	the use of these molecules in obesity	414:450	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	3	39	theme	potential	477:485	arg1	strategy					487:494	a potential strategy	475:494	a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition	475:539	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	4	40	dep	counteract	646:655	arg1	improve					736:742	improve	736:742	improve gut health	736:753	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	6	41	theme	weight	1033:1038	arg1	gain					1040:1043	body weight gain	1028:1043	body weight gain	1028:1043	Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels.
25762527	7	42	theme	serum	1171:1175	arg1	levels					1185:1190	serum insulin levels	1171:1190	serum insulin levels	1171:1190	Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance.
25762527	3	43	from	use	418:420	arg1	obesity					444:450	obesity	444:450	obesity	444:450	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	10	44	theme	bacteria	1769:1776	arg1	profile					1754:1760	the profile	1750:1760	the profile of gut bacteria	1750:1776	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	3	45	theme	intestinal	508:517	arg1	composition					529:539	intestinal bacterial composition	508:539	intestinal bacterial composition	508:539	Hence, the use of these molecules in obesity might be considered as a potential strategy to modulate intestinal bacterial composition.
25762527	8	46	theme	taxonomic	1310:1318	arg1	levels					1320:1325	different taxonomic levels	1300:1325	different taxonomic levels	1300:1325	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	4	47	theme	study	562:566	arg1	purpose					546:552	The purpose	542:552	The purpose of this study	542:566	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	2	48	theme	beneficial	278:287	arg1	properties					289:298	their health beneficial properties	265:298	their health beneficial properties	265:298	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	5	49	from	combination	926:936	arg1	doses					967:971	those doses	961:971	those doses	961:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	7	50	theme	insulin	1177:1183	arg1	levels					1185:1190	serum insulin levels	1171:1190	serum insulin levels	1171:1190	Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance.
25762527	10	51	theme	mRNA	1826:1829	arg1	expression					1831:1840	the mRNA expression	1822:1840	the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes	1822:1901	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	4	52	theme	microbiota	661:670	arg1	dysbiosis					672:680	gut microbiota dysbiosis	657:680	gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS)	657:720	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	2	53	theme	low	306:308	arg1	bioavailability					310:324	low bioavailability	306:324	low bioavailability	306:324	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	1	54	theme	gut	193:195	arg1	composition					208:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	the normal gut microbiota composition	182:218	Diet-induced obesity is associated to an imbalance in the normal gut microbiota composition.
25762527	9	55	theme	quercetin	1554:1562	arg1	administration					1536:1549	the administration	1532:1549	the administration of quercetin	1532:1562	Overall, the administration of quercetin was found to be effective in lessening HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.
25762527	9	55	theme	quercetin	1554:1562	arg1	effective					1580:1588	effective	1580:1588	effective	1580:1588	Overall, the administration of quercetin was found to be effective in lessening HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.
25762527	10	56	theme	trans-resveratrol	1659:1675	arg1	supplementation					1677:1691	trans-resveratrol supplementation	1659:1691	trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin	1659:1730	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	10	57	theme	proteins	1860:1867	arg1	expression					1831:1840	the mRNA expression	1822:1840	the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes	1822:1901	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	5	58	theme	HFS	808:810	arg1	diet					812:815	an HFS diet	805:815	an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses	805:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	7	59	theme	individual	1089:1098	arg1	supplementation					1100:1114	individual supplementation	1089:1114	individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin	1089:1149	Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance.
25762527	8	60	dep	associated	1429:1438	arg1	Erysipelotrichaceae					1465:1483	Erysipelotrichaceae	1465:1483	Erysipelotrichaceae	1465:1483	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	8	60	dep	associated	1429:1438	arg1	species					1410:1416	bacterial species	1400:1416	bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides)	1400:1520	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	8	60	dep	associated	1429:1438	arg1	cylindroides					1508:1519	Eubacterium cylindroides	1496:1519	Eubacterium cylindroides	1496:1519	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	8	61	theme	gut	1270:1272	arg1	composition					1285:1295	gut microbiota composition	1270:1295	gut microbiota composition	1270:1295	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	0	62	theme	trans-resveratrol	61:77	arg1	intake					51:56	the intake	47:56	the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	47:125	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	10	63	theme	inflammation-associated	1873:1895	arg1	genes					1897:1901	inflammation-associated genes	1873:1901	inflammation-associated genes	1873:1901	In contrast, trans-resveratrol supplementation alone or in combination with quercetin scarcely modified the profile of gut bacteria but acted at the intestinal level, altering the mRNA expression of tight-junction proteins and inflammation-associated genes.
25762527	5	64	theme	trans-resveratrol	842:858	arg1	BW					883:884	BW	883:884	BW	883:884	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	64	theme	trans-resveratrol	842:858	arg1	weight					875:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight	842:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day]	842:890	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	0	65	theme	quercetin	83:91	arg1	intake					51:56	the intake	47:56	the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	47:125	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	5	66	theme	mg/kg	864:868	arg1	BW					883:884	BW	883:884	BW	883:884	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	66	theme	mg/kg	864:868	arg1	weight					875:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight	842:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day]	842:890	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	4	67	theme	high-fat	694:701	arg1	HFS					717:719	HFS	717:719	HFS	717:719	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	4	67	theme	high-fat	694:701	arg1	diet					711:714	high-fat sucrose diet	694:714	high-fat sucrose diet (HFS)	694:720	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	0	68	theme	high-fat	96:103	arg1	rats					122:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	0	69	from	intake	51:56	arg1	rats					122:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	0	70	theme	diet-fed	113:120	arg1	rats					122:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	8	71	from	impact	1260:1265	arg1	composition					1285:1295	gut microbiota composition	1270:1295	gut microbiota composition	1270:1295	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	8	72	dep	generated	1242:1250	arg1	attenuating					1328:1338	attenuating	1328:1338	attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio	1328:1369	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	8	72	dep	generated	1242:1250	arg1	inhibiting					1375:1384	inhibiting	1375:1384	inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides)	1375:1520	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	4	73	theme	gut	744:746	arg1	health					748:753	gut health	744:753	gut health	744:753	The purpose of this study was to determine whether trans-resveratrol and quercetin administration could counteract gut microbiota dysbiosis produced by high-fat sucrose diet (HFS) and, in turn, improve gut health.
25762527	0	74	theme	faecal	10:15	arg1	composition					32:42	faecal gut microbiota composition	10:42	faecal gut microbiota composition	10:42	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	0	75	theme	microbiota	21:30	arg1	composition					32:42	faecal gut microbiota composition	10:42	faecal gut microbiota composition	10:42	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	5	76	dep	weight	875:880	arg1	/day					886:889	/day	886:889	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day]	842:890	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	2	77	theme	ecosystem	396:404	arg1	targets					367:373	targets	367:373	targets of the gut microbial ecosystem	367:404	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	2	77	theme	ecosystem	396:404	arg1	they					358:361	they	358:361	they	358:361	Resveratrol and quercetin, widely known for their health beneficial properties, have low bioavailability, and when they reach the colon, they are targets of the gut microbial ecosystem.
25762527	9	78	theme	gut	1620:1622	arg1	dysbiosis					1635:1643	HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis	1603:1643	HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis	1603:1643	Overall, the administration of quercetin was found to be effective in lessening HFS-diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.
25762527	0	79	theme	sucrose	105:111	arg1	rats					122:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats	96:125	Reshaping faecal gut microbiota composition by the intake of trans-resveratrol and quercetin in high-fat sucrose diet-fed rats.
25762527	8	80	dep	Erysipelotrichaceae	1465:1483	arg1	Bacillus					1486:1493	Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus	1465:1493	Bacillus	1486:1493	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	5	81	theme	polyphenols	946:956	arg1	BW					883:884	BW	883:884	BW	883:884	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	81	theme	polyphenols	946:956	arg1	quercetin					893:901	quercetin	893:901	quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day)	893:919	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	81	theme	polyphenols	946:956	arg1	combination					926:936	a combination	924:936	a combination of both polyphenols at those doses	924:971	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	81	theme	polyphenols	946:956	arg1	weight					875:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight	842:880	trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day]	842:890	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	5	81	theme	polyphenols	946:956	arg1	BW/day					913:918	30 mg/kg BW/day	904:918	30 mg/kg BW/day	904:918	Wistar rats were randomised into four groups fed an HFS diet supplemented or not with trans-resveratrol [15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day], quercetin (30 mg/kg BW/day) or a combination of both polyphenols at those doses.
25762527	6	82	theme	insulin	1063:1069	arg1	levels					1071:1076	reduced serum insulin levels	1049:1076	reduced serum insulin levels	1049:1076	Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels.
25762527	8	83	theme	bacterial	1400:1408	arg1	Erysipelotrichaceae					1465:1483	Erysipelotrichaceae	1465:1483	Erysipelotrichaceae	1465:1483	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	8	83	theme	bacterial	1400:1408	arg1	species					1410:1416	bacterial species	1400:1416	bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides)	1400:1520	Quercetin supplementation generated a great impact on gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels, attenuating Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and inhibiting the growth of bacterial species previously associated to diet-induced obesity (Erysipelotrichaceae, Bacillus, Eubacterium cylindroides).
25762527	6	84	theme	reduced	1049:1055	arg1	levels					1071:1076	reduced serum insulin levels	1049:1076	reduced serum insulin levels	1049:1076	Administration of both polyphenols together prevented body weight gain and reduced serum insulin levels.
25762527	7	85	theme	insulin	1196:1202	arg1	resistance					1204:1213	insulin resistance	1196:1213	insulin resistance	1196:1213	Moreover, individual supplementation of trans-resveratrol and quercetin effectively reduced serum insulin levels and insulin resistance.
25273028	1	0	theme	high	337:340	arg1	load					347:350	a high drug load	335:350	a high drug load	335:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	1	theme	roller	166:171	arg1	method					231:236	a granulation method	217:236	a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	217:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	1	theme	roller	166:171	arg1	RC					185:186	RC	185:186	RC	185:186	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	1	theme	roller	166:171	arg1	compaction					173:182	roller compaction	166:182	roller compaction (RC)	166:187	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	6	2	theme	denser	995:1000	arg1	ribbon					1002:1007	denser ribbon	995:1007	denser ribbon	995:1007	High roll pressure also resulted in denser ribbon and less bypass fines during RC.
25273028	0	3	theme	variables	89:97	arg1	effects					67:73	effects	67:73	effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size	67:134	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	1	4	theme	drug	342:345	arg1	load					347:350	a high drug load	335:350	a high drug load	335:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	4	5	theme	size	877:880	arg1	HPMC					882:885	smaller size HPMC	869:885	smaller size HPMC	869:885	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	7	6	theme	powder	1103:1108	arg1	blends					1110:1115	powder blends	1103:1115	powder blends	1103:1115	Loss of compactibility was observed for granules compared to powder blends, which was found to be related to differences in granule porosity and morphology.
25273028	5	7	theme	roll	931:934	arg1	pressure					936:943	roll pressure	931:943	roll pressure	931:943	However, for ibuprofen, no clear effect of roll pressure was observed.
25273028	0	8	theme	former	115:120	arg1	size					131:134	drug/matrix former particle size	103:134	drug/matrix former particle size	103:134	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	3	9	theme	compressible	683:694	arg1	grade					701:705	direct compressible HPMC grade	676:705	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	9	10	theme	raw	1542:1544	arg1	characteristics					1555:1569	raw material characteristics	1542:1569	raw material characteristics	1542:1569	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	4	11	theme	larger	752:757	arg1	granules					771:778	larger paracetamol granules	752:778	larger paracetamol granules	752:778	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	0	12	theme	drug/matrix	103:113	arg1	size					131:134	drug/matrix former particle size	103:134	drug/matrix former particle size	103:134	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	3	13	theme	direct	676:681	arg1	grade					701:705	direct compressible HPMC grade	676:705	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	2	14	theme	tablets	573:579	arg1	manufacturability					547:563	the manufacturability	543:563	the manufacturability of HPMC tablets	543:579	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	4	15	theme	narrower	784:791	arg1	distributions					815:827	narrower granule particle size distributions	784:827	narrower granule particle size distributions	784:827	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	3	16	dep	size	671:674	arg1	grade					701:705	direct compressible HPMC grade	676:705	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	0	17	theme	size	131:134	arg1	effects					67:73	effects	67:73	effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size	67:134	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	6	18	dep	ribbon	1002:1007	arg1	bypass					1018:1023	bypass	1018:1023	bypass fines during RC	1018:1039	High roll pressure also resulted in denser ribbon and less bypass fines during RC.
25273028	9	19	theme	HPMC	1406:1409	arg1	level					1411:1415	the HPMC level	1402:1415	the HPMC level	1402:1415	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	8	20	theme	HPMC	1221:1224	arg1	grade					1226:1230	the large-sized HPMC grade	1205:1230	the large-sized HPMC grade	1205:1230	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	0	21	theme	particle	122:129	arg1	size					131:134	drug/matrix former particle size	103:134	drug/matrix former particle size	103:134	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	1	22	theme	plastic	447:453	arg1	deformation					455:465	plastic deformation	447:465	plastic deformation (ibuprofen)	447:477	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	22	theme	plastic	447:453	arg1	ibuprofen					468:476	ibuprofen	468:476	ibuprofen	468:476	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	23	contain	having	433:438	arg2	ibuprofen					468:476	ibuprofen	468:476	ibuprofen	468:476	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	23	contain	having	433:438	arg2	deformation					455:465	plastic deformation	447:465	plastic deformation (ibuprofen)	447:477	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	23	contain	having	433:438	arg1	those					427:431	those	427:431	those	427:431	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	8	24	theme	large-sized	1209:1219	arg1	grade					1226:1230	the large-sized HPMC grade	1205:1230	the large-sized HPMC grade	1205:1230	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	8	25	theme	strength	1274:1281	arg1	tablets					1283:1289	lower tensile strength tablets	1260:1289	lower tensile strength tablets	1260:1289	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	7	26	from	differences	1151:1161	arg1	porosity					1174:1181	granule porosity	1166:1181	granule porosity	1166:1181	Loss of compactibility was observed for granules compared to powder blends, which was found to be related to differences in granule porosity and morphology.
25273028	7	26	from	differences	1151:1161	arg1	morphology					1187:1196	morphology	1187:1196	morphology	1187:1196	Loss of compactibility was observed for granules compared to powder blends, which was found to be related to differences in granule porosity and morphology.
25273028	4	27	theme	smaller	869:875	arg1	HPMC					882:885	smaller size HPMC	869:885	smaller size HPMC	869:885	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	2	28	theme	combined	484:491	arg1	effect					493:498	The combined effect	480:498	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets	480:579	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	1	29	contain	containing	324:333	arg2	load					347:350	a high drug load	335:350	a high drug load	335:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	29	contain	containing	324:333	arg1	tablets					316:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets	249:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	249:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	4	30	dep	narrower	784:791	arg1	size					810:813	granule particle size	793:813	granule particle size	793:813	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	0	31	theme	Roller	0:5	arg1	compaction					7:16	Roller compaction	0:16	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release	0:48	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	9	32	theme	significant	1454:1464	arg1	changes					1466:1472	significant changes	1454:1472	significant changes	1454:1472	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	5	33	theme	pressure	936:943	arg1	effect					921:926	no clear effect	912:926	no clear effect of roll pressure	912:943	However, for ibuprofen, no clear effect of roll pressure was observed.
25273028	0	34	theme	hydrophilic	21:31	arg1	release					42:48	hydrophilic extended release	21:48	hydrophilic extended release	21:48	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	4	35	theme	particle	801:808	arg1	size					810:813	granule particle size	793:813	granule particle size	793:813	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	6	36	theme	High	959:962	arg1	pressure					969:976	High roll pressure	959:976	High roll pressure	959:976	High roll pressure also resulted in denser ribbon and less bypass fines during RC.
25273028	2	37	theme	process	506:512	arg1	variables					514:522	RC process variables	503:522	RC process variables	503:522	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	8	38	theme	powder	1328:1333	arg1	flow					1335:1338	the powder flow	1324:1338	the powder flow into the roller compactor	1324:1364	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	1	39	theme	-based	285:290	arg1	tablets					316:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets	249:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	249:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	2	40	theme	composition	528:538	arg1	effect					493:498	The combined effect	480:498	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets	480:579	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	1	41	dep	method	231:236	arg1	both					353:356	both	353:356	both	353:356	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	41	dep	method	231:236	arg1	prepare					241:247	prepare	241:247	to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	238:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	9	42	theme	other	1527:1531	arg1	factors					1533:1539	other factors	1527:1539	other factors (raw material characteristics and processing)	1527:1585	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	9	43	dep	factors	1533:1539	arg1	processing					1575:1584	processing	1575:1584	processing	1575:1584	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	9	43	dep	factors	1533:1539	arg1	characteristics					1555:1569	raw material characteristics	1542:1569	raw material characteristics	1542:1569	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	0	44	theme	release	42:48	arg1	compaction					7:16	Roller compaction	0:16	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release	0:48	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	1	45	theme	extended	292:299	arg1	tablets					316:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets	249:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	249:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	9	46	from	changes	1516:1522	arg1	factors					1533:1539	other factors	1527:1539	other factors (raw material characteristics and processing)	1527:1585	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	0	47	theme	extended	33:40	arg1	release					42:48	hydrophilic extended release	21:48	hydrophilic extended release	21:48	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	1	48	theme	release	301:307	arg1	tablets					316:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets	249:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	249:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	2	49	theme	variables	514:522	arg1	effect					493:498	The combined effect	480:498	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets	480:579	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	9	50	theme	percolation	1431:1441	arg1	threshold					1443:1451	the percolation threshold	1427:1451	the percolation threshold	1427:1451	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	1	51	used	used	209:212	arg2	compaction					173:182	roller compaction	166:182	roller compaction (RC)	166:187	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	51	used	used	209:212	arg2	RC					185:186	RC	185:186	RC	185:186	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	51	used	used	209:212	arg2	method					231:236	a granulation method	217:236	a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	217:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	7	52	theme	granule	1166:1172	arg1	porosity					1174:1181	granule porosity	1166:1181	granule porosity	1166:1181	Loss of compactibility was observed for granules compared to powder blends, which was found to be related to differences in granule porosity and morphology.
25273028	8	53	theme	lower	1260:1264	arg1	tablets					1283:1289	lower tensile strength tablets	1260:1289	lower tensile strength tablets	1260:1289	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	1	54	theme	matrix	309:314	arg1	tablets					316:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets	249:322	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	249:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	2	55	theme	HPMC	568:571	arg1	tablets					573:579	HPMC tablets	568:579	HPMC tablets	568:579	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	6	56	theme	roll	964:967	arg1	pressure					969:976	High roll pressure	959:976	High roll pressure	959:976	High roll pressure also resulted in denser ribbon and less bypass fines during RC.
25273028	2	57	theme	RC	503:504	arg1	variables					514:522	RC process variables	503:522	RC process variables	503:522	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	4	58	theme	Higher	708:713	arg1	pressure					720:727	Higher roll pressure	708:727	Higher roll pressure	708:727	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	7	59	theme	compactibility	1050:1063	arg1	Loss					1042:1045	Loss	1042:1045	Loss of compactibility	1042:1063	Loss of compactibility was observed for granules compared to powder blends, which was found to be related to differences in granule porosity and morphology.
25273028	3	60	theme	particle	662:669	arg1	size					671:674	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	9	61	theme	material	1546:1553	arg1	characteristics					1555:1569	raw material characteristics	1542:1569	raw material characteristics	1542:1569	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	5	62	theme	clear	915:919	arg1	effect					921:926	no clear effect	912:926	no clear effect of roll pressure	912:943	However, for ibuprofen, no clear effect of roll pressure was observed.
25273028	4	63	contain	containing	858:867	arg2	HPMC					882:885	smaller size HPMC	869:885	smaller size HPMC	869:885	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	4	63	contain	containing	858:867	arg1	formulations					845:856	formulations	845:856	formulations containing smaller size HPMC	845:885	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	4	64	theme	granule	793:799	arg1	size					810:813	granule particle size	793:813	granule particle size	793:813	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	9	65	theme	due	1509:1511	arg1	rate					1504:1507	the drug release rate	1487:1507	the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing)	1487:1585	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	2	66	from	effect	493:498	arg1	manufacturability					547:563	the manufacturability	543:563	the manufacturability of HPMC tablets	543:579	The combined effect of RC process variables and composition on the manufacturability of HPMC tablets was investigated.
25273028	3	67	theme	granulation	612:622	arg1	HPMC					630:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	8	68	theme	roller	1349:1354	arg1	compactor					1356:1364	the roller compactor	1345:1364	the roller compactor	1345:1364	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	1	69	theme	present	141:147	arg1	study					149:153	The present study	137:153	The present study	137:153	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	4	70	theme	paracetamol	759:769	arg1	granules					771:778	larger paracetamol granules	752:778	larger paracetamol granules	752:778	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	9	71	theme	drug	1491:1494	arg1	rate					1504:1507	the drug release rate	1487:1507	the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing)	1487:1585	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	3	72	theme	grade	624:628	arg1	HPMC					630:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	4	73	theme	roll	715:718	arg1	pressure					720:727	Higher roll pressure	708:727	Higher roll pressure	708:727	Higher roll pressure was found to result in larger paracetamol granules and narrower granule particle size distributions, especially for formulations containing smaller size HPMC.
25273028	1	74	theme	granulation	219:229	arg1	method					231:236	a granulation method	217:236	a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load	217:350	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	1	74	theme	granulation	219:229	arg1	compaction					173:182	roller compaction	166:182	roller compaction (RC)	166:187	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25273028	0	75	theme	processing	78:87	arg1	variables					89:97	processing variables	78:97	processing variables	78:97	Roller compaction of hydrophilic extended release tablets-combined effects of processing variables and drug/matrix former particle size.
25273028	3	76	theme	larger	655:660	arg1	size					671:674	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	3	77	theme	Standard	599:606	arg1	HPMC					630:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	8	78	theme	tensile	1266:1272	arg1	tablets					1283:1289	lower tensile strength tablets	1260:1289	lower tensile strength tablets	1260:1289	Using the large-sized HPMC grade did in some cases result in lower tensile strength tablets but had the advantage to improve the powder flow into the roller compactor.
25273028	9	79	theme	release	1496:1502	arg1	rate					1504:1507	the drug release rate	1487:1507	the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing)	1487:1585	This work also indicates that when the HPMC level lies near the percolation threshold, significant changes can occur in the drug release rate due to changes in other factors (raw material characteristics and processing).
25273028	3	80	theme	HPMC	696:699	arg1	grade					701:705	direct compressible HPMC grade	676:705	a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade	653:705	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	3	81	theme	wet	608:610	arg1	HPMC					630:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC	599:633	Standard wet granulation grade HPMC was compared with a larger particle size direct compressible HPMC grade.
25273028	1	82	dep	materials	362:370	arg1	deforming					372:380	deforming	372:380	deforming	372:380	The present study shows that roller compaction (RC) can successfully be used as a granulation method to prepare hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based extended release matrix tablets containing a high drug load, both for materials deforming mainly by fragmentation (paracetamol) as for those having mainly plastic deformation (ibuprofen).
25595471	5	0	theme	presence	778:785	arg1	consequence					759:769	a consequence	757:769	a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties	757:805	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	0	theme	presence	778:785	arg1	capacity					842:849	the capacity	838:849	the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165	838:951	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	4	1	theme	self-assembling	697:711	arg1	RAD16-I					721:727	the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I	693:727	the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I	693:727	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	4	2	theme	RAD16-I	721:727	arg1	combination					678:688	a simple combination	669:688	a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt	669:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	6	3	theme	engineering	1009:1019	arg1	area					1021:1024	the vascular tissue engineering area	989:1024	the vascular tissue engineering area	989:1024	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	6	4	theme	vascular	993:1000	arg1	area					1021:1024	the vascular tissue engineering area	989:1024	the vascular tissue engineering area	989:1024	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	2	5	theme	engineering	350:360	arg1	applications					362:373	tissue engineering applications	343:373	tissue engineering applications	343:373	Recently, different types of biomaterials have been developed for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	1	6	theme	natural	250:256	arg1	environments					263:274	natural cell environments	250:274	natural cell environments	250:274	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	7	7	theme	cell	1200:1203	arg1	survival					1205:1212	cell survival	1200:1212	cell survival	1200:1212	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	8	8	theme	real-time	1418:1426	arg1	PCR					1428:1430	real-time PCR	1418:1430	real-time PCR	1418:1430	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	3	9	theme	natural	566:572	arg1	ECM					574:576	the natural ECM	562:576	the natural ECM	562:576	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	4	10	theme	simple	671:676	arg1	combination					678:688	a simple combination	669:688	a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt	669:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	1	11	theme	cell	258:261	arg1	environments					263:274	natural cell environments	250:274	natural cell environments	250:274	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	8	12	theme	cartilage	1340:1348	arg1	tissue					1350:1355	mature cartilage tissue	1333:1355	mature cartilage tissue	1333:1355	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	7	13	theme	stem	1261:1264	arg1	cells					1266:1270	adipose-derived stem cells	1245:1270	adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC)	1245:1277	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	7	13	theme	stem	1261:1264	arg1	ADSC					1273:1276	ADSC	1273:1276	ADSC	1273:1276	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	7	14	theme	adipose-derived	1245:1259	arg1	cells					1266:1270	adipose-derived stem cells	1245:1270	adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC)	1245:1277	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	7	14	theme	adipose-derived	1245:1259	arg1	ADSC					1273:1276	ADSC	1273:1276	ADSC	1273:1276	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	5	15	theme	release	875:881	arg1	consequence					759:769	a consequence	757:769	a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties	757:805	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	15	theme	release	875:881	arg1	capacity					842:849	the capacity	838:849	the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165	838:951	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	4	16	theme	peptide	713:719	arg1	RAD16-I					721:727	the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I	693:727	the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I	693:727	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	1	17	theme	engineering	117:127	arg1	goal					102:105	One major goal	92:105	One major goal of tissue engineering	92:127	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	5	18	theme	specific	854:861	arg1	binding					863:869	specific binding	854:869	specific binding	854:869	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	3	19	theme	nanoscale	491:499	arg1	network					501:507	their nanoscale network	485:507	their nanoscale network	485:507	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	8	20	theme	collagen	1367:1374	arg1	type					1376:1379	collagen type II	1367:1382	collagen type II	1367:1382	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	3	21	theme	cellular	460:467	arg1	niches					469:474	artificial cellular niches	449:474	artificial cellular niches	449:474	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	11	22	theme	different	1769:1777	arg1	applications					1807:1818	different reparative and regenerative applications	1769:1818	different reparative and regenerative applications	1769:1818	Altogether, these results suggest that the new composite is a promising "easy to prepare" material for different reparative and regenerative applications.
25595471	11	23	theme	"	1754:1754	arg1	material					1756:1763	" material	1754:1763	" material for different reparative and regenerative applications	1754:1818	Altogether, these results suggest that the new composite is a promising "easy to prepare" material for different reparative and regenerative applications.
25595471	6	24	theme	structures	1102:1111	arg1	development					1074:1084	the development	1070:1084	the development of tubular-like structures	1070:1111	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	9	25	theme	positive	1446:1453	arg1	staining					1455:1462	positive staining	1446:1462	positive staining for proteoglycans (PGs)	1446:1486	Furthermore, positive staining for proteoglycans (PGs) indicated the synthesis of cartilage tissue ECM components.
25595471	3	26	theme	self-assembling	388:402	arg1	peptides					404:411	self-assembling peptides	388:411	self-assembling peptides	388:411	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	3	26	theme	self-assembling	388:402	arg1	candidates					428:437	attractive candidates	417:437	attractive candidates	417:437	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	7	27	theme	chondrogenic	1218:1229	arg1	commitment					1231:1240	chondrogenic commitment	1218:1240	chondrogenic commitment	1218:1240	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	6	28	theme	tubular-like	1089:1100	arg1	structures					1102:1111	tubular-like structures	1089:1111	tubular-like structures	1089:1111	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	1	29	theme	major	96:100	arg1	goal					102:105	One major goal	92:105	One major goal of tissue engineering	92:127	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	7	30	theme	new	1174:1176	arg1	scaffold					1178:1185	the new scaffold	1170:1185	the new scaffold	1170:1185	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	5	31	theme	growth	886:891	arg1	VEGF165					945:951	VEGF165	945:951	VEGF165	945:951	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	31	theme	growth	886:891	arg1	GFs					902:904	GFs	902:904	GFs	902:904	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	31	theme	growth	886:891	arg1	factors					893:899	growth factors	886:899	growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165	886:951	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	10	32	theme	mechanical	1605:1614	arg1	properties					1616:1625	mechanical properties	1605:1625	mechanical properties of a tissue undergoing chondrogenesis	1605:1663	Finally, the constructs did not mineralize and exhibited mechanical properties of a tissue undergoing chondrogenesis.
25595471	2	33	theme	biomaterials	306:317	arg1	types					297:301	different types	287:301	different types of biomaterials	287:317	Recently, different types of biomaterials have been developed for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	3	34	theme	artificial	449:458	arg1	niches					469:474	artificial cellular niches	449:474	artificial cellular niches	449:474	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	11	35	theme	reparative	1779:1788	arg1	applications					1807:1818	different reparative and regenerative applications	1769:1818	different reparative and regenerative applications	1769:1818	Altogether, these results suggest that the new composite is a promising "easy to prepare" material for different reparative and regenerative applications.
25595471	7	36	link	adipose-derived	1245:1259	arg1	cells					1266:1270	adipose-derived stem cells	1245:1270	adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC)	1245:1277	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	7	36	link	adipose-derived	1245:1259	arg1	ADSC					1273:1276	ADSC	1273:1276	ADSC	1273:1276	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	7	37	theme	cells	1266:1270	arg1	survival					1205:1212	cell survival	1200:1212	cell survival	1200:1212	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	7	37	theme	cells	1266:1270	arg1	commitment					1231:1240	chondrogenic commitment	1218:1240	chondrogenic commitment	1218:1240	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	6	38	theme	composite	1041:1049	arg1	material					1051:1058	the new composite material	1033:1058	the new composite material	1033:1058	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	8	39	theme	western	1401:1407	arg1	blot					1409:1412	western blot	1401:1412	western blot	1401:1412	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	6	40	theme	dimensional	1128:1138	arg1	model					1153:1157	a three dimensional (3D) culture model	1120:1157	a three dimensional (3D) culture model	1120:1157	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	11	41	theme	regenerative	1794:1805	arg1	applications					1807:1818	different reparative and regenerative applications	1769:1818	different reparative and regenerative applications	1769:1818	Altogether, these results suggest that the new composite is a promising "easy to prepare" material for different reparative and regenerative applications.
25595471	1	42	theme	tissue	110:115	arg1	engineering					117:127	tissue engineering	110:127	tissue engineering	110:127	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	9	43	theme	components	1536:1545	arg1	synthesis					1502:1510	the synthesis	1498:1510	the synthesis of cartilage tissue ECM components	1498:1545	Furthermore, positive staining for proteoglycans (PGs) indicated the synthesis of cartilage tissue ECM components.
25595471	4	44	theme	tissue	638:643	arg1	engineering					645:655	tissue engineering	638:655	tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt	638:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	5	45	theme	heparin	790:796	arg1	moieties					798:805	heparin moieties	790:805	heparin moieties	790:805	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	6	46	theme	3D	1141:1142	arg1	model					1153:1157	a three dimensional (3D) culture model	1120:1157	a three dimensional (3D) culture model	1120:1157	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	5	47	theme	binding	863:869	arg1	consequence					759:769	a consequence	757:769	a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties	757:805	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	47	theme	binding	863:869	arg1	capacity					842:849	the capacity	838:849	the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165	838:951	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	8	48	theme	markers	1322:1328	arg1	expression					1299:1308	the expression	1295:1308	the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II	1295:1382	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	5	49	theme	factors	893:899	arg1	binding					863:869	specific binding	854:869	specific binding	854:869	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	49	theme	factors	893:899	arg1	release					875:881	release	875:881	release	875:881	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	1	50	theme	extracellular	214:226	arg1	ECM					236:238	ECM	236:238	ECM	236:238	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	1	50	theme	extracellular	214:226	arg1	matrix					228:233	the extracellular matrix	210:233	the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments	210:274	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	0	51	theme	self-assembling	30:44	arg1	hydrogel					46:53	self-assembling hydrogel	30:53	self-assembling hydrogel	30:53	Bimolecular based heparin and self-assembling hydrogel for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	6	52	theme	Promising	954:962	arg1	results					964:970	Promising results	954:970	Promising results	954:970	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	5	53	theme	moieties	798:805	arg1	presence					778:785	the presence	774:785	the presence of heparin moieties	774:805	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	6	54	theme	tissue	1002:1007	arg1	area					1021:1024	the vascular tissue engineering area	989:1024	the vascular tissue engineering area	989:1024	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	8	55	theme	specific	1313:1320	arg1	markers					1322:1328	specific markers	1313:1328	specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II	1313:1382	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	8	55	theme	specific	1313:1320	arg1	type					1376:1379	collagen type II	1367:1382	collagen type II	1367:1382	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	6	56	theme	new	1037:1039	arg1	material					1051:1058	the new composite material	1033:1058	the new composite material	1033:1058	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	0	57	theme	tissue	59:64	arg1	applications					78:89	tissue engineering applications	59:89	tissue engineering applications	59:89	Bimolecular based heparin and self-assembling hydrogel for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	9	58	theme	ECM	1532:1534	arg1	components					1536:1545	cartilage tissue ECM components	1515:1545	cartilage tissue ECM components	1515:1545	Furthermore, positive staining for proteoglycans (PGs) indicated the synthesis of cartilage tissue ECM components.
25595471	8	59	theme	tissue	1350:1355	arg1	markers					1322:1328	specific markers	1313:1328	specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II	1313:1382	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	8	59	theme	tissue	1350:1355	arg1	type					1376:1379	collagen type II	1367:1382	collagen type II	1367:1382	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	11	60	theme	new	1709:1711	arg1	composite					1713:1721	the new composite	1705:1721	the new composite	1705:1721	Altogether, these results suggest that the new composite is a promising "easy to prepare" material for different reparative and regenerative applications.
25595471	11	60	theme	new	1709:1711	arg1	easy					1739:1742	easy	1739:1742	easy	1739:1742	Altogether, these results suggest that the new composite is a promising "easy to prepare" material for different reparative and regenerative applications.
25595471	2	61	theme	tissue	343:348	arg1	applications					362:373	tissue engineering applications	343:373	tissue engineering applications	343:373	Recently, different types of biomaterials have been developed for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	3	62	theme	biomechanical	513:525	arg1	properties					527:536	biomechanical properties	513:536	biomechanical properties	513:536	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	3	63	theme	attractive	417:426	arg1	peptides					404:411	self-assembling peptides	388:411	self-assembling peptides	388:411	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	3	63	theme	attractive	417:426	arg1	candidates					428:437	attractive candidates	417:437	attractive candidates	417:437	Among them, self-assembling peptides are attractive candidates to create artificial cellular niches, because their nanoscale network and biomechanical properties are similar to those of the natural ECM.
25595471	5	64	with	factors	893:899	arg1	affinity					928:935	heparin binding affinity	912:935	heparin binding affinity	912:935	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	5	65	theme	binding	920:926	arg1	affinity					928:935	heparin binding affinity	912:935	heparin binding affinity	912:935	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	4	66	theme	heparin	733:739	arg1	salt					748:751	heparin sodium salt	733:751	heparin sodium salt	733:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	9	67	theme	tissue	1525:1530	arg1	components					1536:1545	cartilage tissue ECM components	1515:1545	cartilage tissue ECM components	1515:1545	Furthermore, positive staining for proteoglycans (PGs) indicated the synthesis of cartilage tissue ECM components.
25595471	4	68	theme	salt	748:751	arg1	combination					678:688	a simple combination	669:688	a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt	669:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	4	69	theme	new	618:620	arg1	biomaterial					622:632	a new biomaterial	616:632	a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt	616:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	7	70	dep	survival	1205:1212	arg1	the					1196:1198	the	1196:1198	the	1196:1198	Moreover, the new scaffold enhances the cell survival and chondrogenic commitment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC).
25595471	5	71	theme	heparin	912:918	arg1	affinity					928:935	heparin binding affinity	912:935	heparin binding affinity	912:935	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	2	72	theme	different	287:295	arg1	types					297:301	different types	287:301	different types of biomaterials	287:317	Recently, different types of biomaterials have been developed for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	4	73	theme	sodium	741:746	arg1	salt					748:751	heparin sodium salt	733:751	heparin sodium salt	733:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
25595471	8	74	theme	mature	1333:1338	arg1	tissue					1350:1355	mature cartilage tissue	1333:1355	mature cartilage tissue	1333:1355	Interestingly, the expression of specific markers of mature cartilage tissue including collagen type II was confirmed by western blot and real-time PCR.
25595471	9	75	theme	cartilage	1515:1523	arg1	components					1536:1545	cartilage tissue ECM components	1515:1545	cartilage tissue ECM components	1515:1545	Furthermore, positive staining for proteoglycans (PGs) indicated the synthesis of cartilage tissue ECM components.
25595471	1	76	theme	new	143:145	arg1	biomaterials					147:158	new biomaterials	143:158	new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments	143:274	One major goal of tissue engineering is to develop new biomaterials that are similar structurally and functionally to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to mimic natural cell environments.
25595471	0	77	theme	engineering	66:76	arg1	applications					78:89	tissue engineering applications	59:89	tissue engineering applications	59:89	Bimolecular based heparin and self-assembling hydrogel for tissue engineering applications.
25595471	6	78	theme	culture	1145:1151	arg1	model					1153:1157	a three dimensional (3D) culture model	1120:1157	a three dimensional (3D) culture model	1120:1157	Promising results were obtained in the vascular tissue engineering area, where the new composite material supported the development of tubular-like structures within a three dimensional (3D) culture model.
25595471	5	79	theme	acquired	820:827	arg1	material					811:818	the material acquired	807:827	the material acquired	807:827	As a consequence of the presence of heparin moieties the material acquired enhances the capacity of specific binding and release of growth factors (GFs) with heparin binding affinity such as VEGF165.
25595471	10	80	theme	tissue	1632:1637	arg1	properties					1616:1625	mechanical properties	1605:1625	mechanical properties of a tissue undergoing chondrogenesis	1605:1663	Finally, the constructs did not mineralize and exhibited mechanical properties of a tissue undergoing chondrogenesis.
25595471	4	81	theme	biomaterial	622:632	arg1	development					601:611	the development	597:611	the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt	597:751	Here, we describe the development of a new biomaterial for tissue engineering composed by a simple combination of the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I and heparin sodium salt.
27597743	2	0	theme	magnetic	371:378	arg1	hydrogel					380:387	macroporous magnetic hydrogel	359:387	macroporous magnetic hydrogel	359:387	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	1	1	theme	emulsions	244:252	arg1	template					254:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template	216:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	216:304	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	4	2	theme	adsorption	893:902	arg1	308.84mg/g					937:946	308.84mg/g	937:946	308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+	937:979	Adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium was rapidly reached within 20min and the maximal adsorption capacities were determined to be 308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+.
27597743	4	2	theme	adsorption	893:902	arg1	capacities					904:913	the maximal adsorption capacities	881:913	the maximal adsorption capacities	881:913	Adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium was rapidly reached within 20min and the maximal adsorption capacities were determined to be 308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+.
27597743	2	3	theme	macroporous	359:369	arg1	hydrogel					380:387	macroporous magnetic hydrogel	359:387	macroporous magnetic hydrogel	359:387	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	2	4	theme	modified	340:347	arg1	Fe3O4					349:353	modified Fe3O4	340:353	modified Fe3O4	340:353	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	0	5	theme	Cd2+	91:94	arg1	removal					80:86	removal	80:86	removal of Cd2+ and Pb2	80:102	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	3	6	theme	volume	709:714	arg1	fraction					716:723	volume fraction	709:723	volume fraction of dispersed phase	709:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	7	theme	3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane	563:591	arg1	organosilane					547:558	organosilane	547:558	organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES)	547:599	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	8	theme	Fe3O4	490:494	arg1	nanoparticles					496:508	the Fe3O4 nanoparticles	486:508	the Fe3O4 nanoparticles	486:508	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	0	9	theme	Pb2	100:102	arg1	removal					80:86	removal	80:86	removal of Cd2+ and Pb2	80:102	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	1	10	theme	acrylic	163:169	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					146:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	105:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent	105:194	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	10	theme	acrylic	163:169	arg1	acid					171:174	acrylic acid	163:174	acrylic acid	163:174	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	3	11	theme	dispersed	728:736	arg1	phase					738:742	dispersed phase	728:742	dispersed phase	728:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	2	12	theme	TEM	411:413	arg1	techniques					432:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	3	13	mod	modified	520:527	arg1	nanoparticles					496:508	the Fe3O4 nanoparticles	486:508	the Fe3O4 nanoparticles	486:508	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	13	mod	modified	520:527	arg3	organosilane					547:558	organosilane	547:558	organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES)	547:599	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	14	theme	phase	738:742	arg1	phase					738:742	dispersed phase	728:742	dispersed phase	728:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	14	theme	phase	738:742	arg1	fraction					716:723	volume fraction	709:723	volume fraction of dispersed phase	709:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	14	theme	phase	738:742	arg1	amount					752:757	the amount	748:757	the amount of the cosurfactant	748:777	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	14	theme	phase	738:742	arg1	amount					677:682	the amount	673:682	the amount of stabilized particles	673:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	14	theme	phase	738:742	arg1	cosurfactant					766:777	the cosurfactant	762:777	the cosurfactant	762:777	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	14	theme	phase	738:742	arg1	particles					698:706	stabilized particles	687:706	stabilized particles	687:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	4	15	theme	maximal	885:891	arg1	308.84mg/g					937:946	308.84mg/g	937:946	308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+	937:979	Adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium was rapidly reached within 20min and the maximal adsorption capacities were determined to be 308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+.
27597743	4	15	theme	maximal	885:891	arg1	capacities					904:913	the maximal adsorption capacities	881:913	the maximal adsorption capacities	881:913	Adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium was rapidly reached within 20min and the maximal adsorption capacities were determined to be 308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+.
27597743	1	16	theme	modified	277:284	arg1	nanoparticles					292:304	modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	277:304	modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	277:304	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	0	17	theme	macroporous	24:34	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					36:50	magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	15:50	magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)	15:65	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	0	17	theme	macroporous	24:34	arg1	acid					61:64	acrylic acid	53:64	acrylic acid	53:64	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	1	18	theme	Fe3O4	286:290	arg1	nanoparticles					292:304	modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	277:304	modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	277:304	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	5	19	theme	high	1052:1055	arg1	capacity					1068:1075	its high adsorption capacity	1048:1075	its high adsorption capacity	1048:1075	After five adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorbent can retain its high adsorption capacity.
27597743	1	20	theme	adsorbent	186:194	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					146:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	105:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent	105:194	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	20	theme	adsorbent	186:194	arg1	acid					171:174	acrylic acid	163:174	acrylic acid	163:174	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	2	21	theme	SEM	428:430	arg1	techniques					432:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	2	22	theme	TG	421:422	arg1	techniques					432:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	5	23	theme	adsorption-desorption	993:1013	arg1	cycles					1015:1020	five adsorption-desorption cycles	988:1020	five adsorption-desorption cycles	988:1020	After five adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorbent can retain its high adsorption capacity.
27597743	4	24	theme	adsorption	821:830	arg1	equilibrium					832:842	the adsorption equilibrium	817:842	the adsorption equilibrium	817:842	Adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium was rapidly reached within 20min and the maximal adsorption capacities were determined to be 308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+.
27597743	3	25	theme	characterization	448:463	arg1	results					465:471	The characterization results	444:471	The characterization results	444:471	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	0	26	theme	chitosan-g-poly	36:50	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)	0:65	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	5	27	theme	adsorption	1057:1066	arg1	capacity					1068:1075	its high adsorption capacity	1048:1075	its high adsorption capacity	1048:1075	After five adsorption-desorption cycles, the adsorbent can retain its high adsorption capacity.
27597743	2	28	theme	XRD	416:418	arg1	techniques					432:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques	411:441	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	3	29	theme	cosurfactant	766:777	arg1	phase					738:742	dispersed phase	728:742	dispersed phase	728:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	29	theme	cosurfactant	766:777	arg1	fraction					716:723	volume fraction	709:723	volume fraction of dispersed phase	709:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	29	theme	cosurfactant	766:777	arg1	amount					752:757	the amount	748:757	the amount of the cosurfactant	748:777	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	29	theme	cosurfactant	766:777	arg1	amount					677:682	the amount	673:682	the amount of stabilized particles	673:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	29	theme	cosurfactant	766:777	arg1	cosurfactant					766:777	the cosurfactant	762:777	the cosurfactant	762:777	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	29	theme	cosurfactant	766:777	arg1	particles					698:706	stabilized particles	687:706	stabilized particles	687:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	2	30	dep	structure	311:319	arg1	The					307:309	The	307:309	The	307:309	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	0	31	theme	acrylic	53:59	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					36:50	magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	15:50	magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)	15:65	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	0	31	theme	acrylic	53:59	arg1	acid					61:64	acrylic acid	53:64	acrylic acid	53:64	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	3	32	theme	stabilized	687:696	arg1	particles					698:706	stabilized particles	687:706	stabilized particles	687:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	33	theme	porous	610:615	arg1	structure					617:625	the porous structure	606:625	the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel	606:653	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	2	34	theme	Fe3O4	349:353	arg1	structure					311:319	structure	311:319	structure	311:319	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	2	34	theme	Fe3O4	349:353	arg1	composition					325:335	composition	325:335	composition	325:335	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	2	35	theme	hydrogel	380:387	arg1	structure					311:319	structure	311:319	structure	311:319	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	2	35	theme	hydrogel	380:387	arg1	composition					325:335	composition	325:335	composition	325:335	The structure and composition of modified Fe3O4 and macroporous magnetic hydrogel were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG and SEM techniques.
27597743	3	36	theme	macroporous	634:644	arg1	hydrogel					646:653	the macroporous hydrogel	630:653	the macroporous hydrogel	630:653	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	37	theme	particles	698:706	arg1	phase					738:742	dispersed phase	728:742	dispersed phase	728:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	37	theme	particles	698:706	arg1	fraction					716:723	volume fraction	709:723	volume fraction of dispersed phase	709:742	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	37	theme	particles	698:706	arg1	amount					752:757	the amount	748:757	the amount of the cosurfactant	748:777	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	37	theme	particles	698:706	arg1	amount					677:682	the amount	673:682	the amount of stabilized particles	673:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	37	theme	particles	698:706	arg1	cosurfactant					766:777	the cosurfactant	762:777	the cosurfactant	762:777	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	37	theme	particles	698:706	arg1	particles					698:706	stabilized particles	687:706	stabilized particles	687:706	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	3	38	theme	hydrogel	646:653	arg1	structure					617:625	the porous structure	606:625	the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel	606:653	The characterization results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been modified successfully with organosilane of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTES), and the porous structure of the macroporous hydrogel can be tuned with the amount of stabilized particles, volume fraction of dispersed phase and the amount of the cosurfactant.
27597743	1	39	theme	novel	107:111	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					146:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	105:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent	105:194	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	39	theme	novel	107:111	arg1	acid					171:174	acrylic acid	163:174	acrylic acid	163:174	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	4	40	theme	Adsorption	780:789	arg1	experiments					791:801	Adsorption experiments	780:801	Adsorption experiments	780:801	Adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption equilibrium was rapidly reached within 20min and the maximal adsorption capacities were determined to be 308.84mg/g for Cd2+ and 695.22mg/g for Pb2+.
27597743	1	41	theme	macroporous	113:123	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					146:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	105:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent	105:194	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	41	theme	macroporous	113:123	arg1	acid					171:174	acrylic acid	163:174	acrylic acid	163:174	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	42	theme	Pickering	220:228	arg1	template					254:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template	216:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	216:304	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	6	43	theme	adsorbent	1136:1144	arg1	recycle					1125:1131	the recycle	1121:1131	the recycle of adsorbent after usage	1121:1156	The introduction of Fe3O4 is beneficial to the recycle of adsorbent after usage.
27597743	6	44	theme	Fe3O4	1098:1102	arg1	beneficial					1107:1116	beneficial	1107:1116	beneficial	1107:1116	The introduction of Fe3O4 is beneficial to the recycle of adsorbent after usage.
27597743	6	44	theme	Fe3O4	1098:1102	arg1	introduction					1082:1093	The introduction	1078:1093	The introduction of Fe3O4	1078:1102	The introduction of Fe3O4 is beneficial to the recycle of adsorbent after usage.
27597743	1	45	theme	magnetic	125:132	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					146:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	105:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent	105:194	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	45	theme	magnetic	125:132	arg1	acid					171:174	acrylic acid	163:174	acrylic acid	163:174	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	46	theme	high	230:233	arg1	template					254:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template	216:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	216:304	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	0	47	theme	magnetic	15:22	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					36:50	magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	15:50	magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)	15:65	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	0	47	theme	magnetic	15:22	arg1	acid					61:64	acrylic acid	53:64	acrylic acid	53:64	Fabrication of magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel for removal of Cd2+ and Pb2.
27597743	1	48	theme	macroporous	134:144	arg1	chitosan-g-poly					146:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly	105:160	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent	105:194	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	48	theme	macroporous	134:144	arg1	acid					171:174	acrylic acid	163:174	acrylic acid	163:174	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
27597743	1	49	theme	internal	235:242	arg1	template					254:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template	216:261	the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles	216:304	A novel macroporous magnetic macroporous chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel adsorbent was fabricated from the Pickering high internal emulsions template stabilized by modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
28492928	4	0	theme	local	651:655	arg1	changes					668:674	local and global changes	651:674	local and global changes	651:674	To distinguish between local and global changes, the growth plate was divided into regions of interest near to and far from the injury site.
28492928	4	1	theme	global	661:666	arg1	changes					668:674	local and global changes	651:674	local and global changes	651:674	To distinguish between local and global changes, the growth plate was divided into regions of interest near to and far from the injury site.
28492928	10	2	from	changes	1571:1577	arg1	heights					1618:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights	1582:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury	1582:1646	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
28492928	2	3	dep	structure	248:256	arg1	the					244:246	the	244:246	the	244:246	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	8	4	theme	endochondral	1409:1420	arg1	ossification					1422:1433	endochondral ossification	1409:1433	endochondral ossification	1409:1433	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	5	5	theme	contralateral	1019:1031	arg1	plates					1040:1045	contralateral growth plates	1019:1045	contralateral growth plates	1019:1045	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	5	6	theme	growth	1033:1038	arg1	plates					1040:1045	contralateral growth plates	1019:1045	contralateral growth plates	1019:1045	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	8	7	theme	activity	1393:1400	arg1	disruption					1370:1379	localized disruption	1360:1379	localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification	1360:1433	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	10	8	theme	plate	1725:1729	arg1	injury					1731:1736	growth plate injury	1718:1736	growth plate injury	1718:1736	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
28492928	5	9	theme	mineral	917:923	arg1	density					925:931	tissue mineral density	910:931	tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges	910:953	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	5	9	theme	mineral	917:923	arg1	TMD					934:936	TMD	934:936	TMD	934:936	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	3	10	theme	murine	511:516	arg1	model					518:522	a murine model	509:522	a murine model of growth plate injury	509:545	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	11	theme	growth	527:532	arg1	injury					540:545	growth plate injury	527:545	growth plate injury	527:545	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	10	12	theme	hypertrophic	1600:1611	arg1	heights					1618:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights	1582:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury	1582:1646	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
28492928	3	13	theme	plate	534:538	arg1	injury					540:545	growth plate injury	527:545	growth plate injury	527:545	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	5	14	theme	outside	991:997	arg1	site					1010:1013	the injury site	999:1013	the injury site	999:1013	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	6	15	theme	organization	1101:1112	arg1	disruption					1070:1079	disruption	1070:1079	disruption of the normal zonal organization of the physis	1070:1126	Furthermore, we noted disruption of the normal zonal organization of the physis.
28492928	3	16	theme	model	518:522	arg1	CECT					474:477	CECT	474:477	CECT	474:477	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	16	theme	model	518:522	arg1	tomography					462:471	contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography	430:471	contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT)	430:478	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	16	theme	model	518:522	arg1	analyses					497:504	histological analyses	484:504	histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury	484:545	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	7	17	theme	growth	1289:1294	arg1	plate					1296:1300	the entire injured growth plate	1270:1300	the entire injured growth plate	1270:1300	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	5	18	theme	glycosaminoglycan	846:862	arg1	content					870:876	glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	846:876	glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	846:876	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	3	19	theme	contrast-enhanced	430:446	arg1	CECT					474:477	CECT	474:477	CECT	474:477	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	19	theme	contrast-enhanced	430:446	arg1	tomography					462:471	contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography	430:471	contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT)	430:478	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	4	20	theme	near	731:734	arg1	regions					711:717	regions	711:717	regions of interest near to and far from the injury site	711:766	To distinguish between local and global changes, the growth plate was divided into regions of interest near to and far from the injury site.
28492928	7	21	theme	relative	1207:1214	arg1	height					1216:1221	the relative height	1203:1221	the relative height of the proliferative zone	1203:1247	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	5	22	theme	injury	1003:1008	arg1	site					1010:1013	the injury site	999:1013	the injury site	999:1013	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	0	23	theme	Local	0:4	arg1	Changes					6:12	Local Changes	0:12	Local Changes to the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	0:47	Local Changes to the Distal Femoral Growth Plate Following Injury in Mice.
28492928	5	24	dep	attenuation	807:817	arg1	measure					822:828	a measure	820:828	a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	820:876	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	5	25	theme	CECT	802:805	arg1	attenuation					807:817	CECT attenuation	802:817	CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content)	802:877	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	8	26	theme	ossification	1422:1433	arg1	disruption					1370:1379	localized disruption	1360:1379	localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification	1360:1433	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	7	27	theme	hypertrophic	1147:1158	arg1	zone					1160:1163	the hypertrophic zone	1143:1163	the hypertrophic zone	1143:1163	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	1	28	dep	disturbances	128:139	arg1	cessation					165:173	premature cessation	155:173	premature cessation of growth	155:183	Injury to the growth plate is associated with growth disturbances, most notably premature cessation of growth.
28492928	9	29	from	retardation	1523:1533	arg1	growth					1544:1549	femur growth	1538:1549	femur growth	1538:1549	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	1	30	theme	premature	155:163	arg1	cessation					165:173	premature cessation	155:173	premature cessation of growth	155:183	Injury to the growth plate is associated with growth disturbances, most notably premature cessation of growth.
28492928	2	31	theme	skeletal	400:407	arg1	development					409:419	skeletal development	400:419	skeletal development	400:419	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	8	32	theme	localized	1360:1368	arg1	disruption					1370:1379	localized disruption	1360:1379	localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification	1360:1433	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	10	33	theme	proliferative	1582:1594	arg1	heights					1618:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights	1582:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury	1582:1646	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
28492928	3	34	theme	injury	540:545	arg1	model					518:522	a murine model	509:522	a murine model of growth plate injury	509:545	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	7	35	theme	zone	1244:1247	arg1	height					1216:1221	the relative height	1203:1221	the relative height of the proliferative zone	1203:1247	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	7	36	theme	entire	1274:1279	arg1	plate					1296:1300	the entire injured growth plate	1270:1300	the entire injured growth plate	1270:1300	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	4	37	theme	injury	756:761	arg1	site					763:766	the injury site	752:766	the injury site	752:766	To distinguish between local and global changes, the growth plate was divided into regions of interest near to and far from the injury site.
28492928	9	38	theme	observed	1514:1521	arg1	retardation					1523:1533	the observed retardation	1510:1533	the observed retardation in femur growth	1510:1549	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	8	39	theme	growth	1331:1336	arg1	injury					1344:1349	growth plate injury	1331:1349	growth plate injury	1331:1349	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	3	40	used	used	425:428	arg2	We					422:423	We	422:423	We	422:423	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	41	from	changes	559:565	arg1	tissue					600:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue	570:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate	570:625	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	1	42	theme	growth	178:183	arg1	cessation					165:173	premature cessation	155:173	premature cessation of growth	155:183	Injury to the growth plate is associated with growth disturbances, most notably premature cessation of growth.
28492928	0	43	theme	Femoral	28:34	arg1	Plate					43:47	the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	17:47	the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	17:47	Local Changes to the Distal Femoral Growth Plate Following Injury in Mice.
28492928	9	44	theme	tissue	1459:1464	arg1	structure					1466:1474	tissue structure	1459:1474	tissue structure	1459:1474	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	3	45	theme	growth	614:619	arg1	plate					621:625	the growth plate	610:625	the growth plate	610:625	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	2	46	theme	study	203:207	arg1	goal					190:193	The goal	186:193	The goal of this study	186:207	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	5	47	theme	increased	778:786	arg1	thickness					788:796	increased thickness	778:796	increased thickness	778:796	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	0	48	theme	Distal	21:26	arg1	Plate					43:47	the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	17:47	the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	17:47	Local Changes to the Distal Femoral Growth Plate Following Injury in Mice.
28492928	7	49	theme	injury	1186:1191	arg1	site					1193:1196	the injury site	1182:1196	the injury site	1182:1196	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	8	50	theme	plate	1338:1342	arg1	injury					1344:1349	growth plate injury	1331:1349	growth plate injury	1331:1349	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	6	51	theme	physis	1121:1126	arg1	organization					1101:1112	the normal zonal organization	1084:1112	the normal zonal organization of the physis	1084:1126	Furthermore, we noted disruption of the normal zonal organization of the physis.
28492928	10	52	theme	growth	1718:1723	arg1	injury					1731:1736	growth plate injury	1718:1736	growth plate injury	1718:1736	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
28492928	1	53	theme	growth	89:94	arg1	plate					96:100	the growth plate	85:100	the growth plate	85:100	Injury to the growth plate is associated with growth disturbances, most notably premature cessation of growth.
28492928	0	54	theme	Growth	36:41	arg1	Plate					43:47	the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	17:47	the Distal Femoral Growth Plate	17:47	Local Changes to the Distal Femoral Growth Plate Following Injury in Mice.
28492928	8	55	theme	cellular	1384:1391	arg1	activity					1393:1400	cellular activity	1384:1400	cellular activity	1384:1400	These results indicate that growth plate injury leads to localized disruption of cellular activity and of endochondral ossification.
28492928	5	56	theme	bridges	947:953	arg1	density					925:931	tissue mineral density	910:931	tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges	910:953	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	5	56	theme	bridges	947:953	arg1	TMD					934:936	TMD	934:936	TMD	934:936	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	5	57	theme	bone	942:945	arg1	bridges					947:953	bone bridges	942:953	bone bridges	942:953	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	4	58	theme	growth	681:686	arg1	plate					688:692	the growth plate	677:692	the growth plate	677:692	To distinguish between local and global changes, the growth plate was divided into regions of interest near to and far from the injury site.
28492928	10	59	from	impact	1652:1657	arg1	particular					1555:1564	particular	1555:1564	particular	1555:1564	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
28492928	6	60	theme	normal	1088:1093	arg1	organization					1101:1112	the normal zonal organization	1084:1112	the normal zonal organization of the physis	1084:1126	Furthermore, we noted disruption of the normal zonal organization of the physis.
28492928	5	61	theme	tissue	910:915	arg1	density					925:931	tissue mineral density	910:931	tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges	910:953	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	5	61	theme	tissue	910:915	arg1	TMD					934:936	TMD	934:936	TMD	934:936	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	2	62	theme	spatial	225:231	arg1	changes					233:239	spatial changes	225:239	spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury	225:314	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	9	63	theme	femur	1538:1542	arg1	growth					1544:1549	femur growth	1538:1549	femur growth	1538:1549	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	2	64	theme	plate	288:292	arg1	composition					262:272	composition	262:272	composition	262:272	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	2	64	theme	plate	288:292	arg1	structure					248:256	structure	248:256	structure	248:256	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	2	65	from	changes	233:239	arg1	composition					262:272	composition	262:272	composition	262:272	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	2	65	from	changes	233:239	arg1	structure					248:256	structure	248:256	structure	248:256	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	2	65	from	changes	233:239	arg1	response					297:304	response	297:304	response to injury	297:314	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	7	66	theme	injured	1281:1287	arg1	plate					1296:1300	the entire injured growth plate	1270:1300	the entire injured growth plate	1270:1300	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	4	67	theme	interest	722:729	arg1	regions					711:717	regions	711:717	regions of interest near to and far from the injury site	711:766	To distinguish between local and global changes, the growth plate was divided into regions of interest near to and far from the injury site.
28492928	3	68	theme	plate	621:625	arg1	tissue					600:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue	570:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate	570:625	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	69	theme	osseous	592:598	arg1	tissue					600:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue	570:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate	570:625	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	2	70	theme	growth	281:286	arg1	plate					288:292	the growth plate	277:292	the growth plate	277:292	The goal of this study was to identify spatial changes in the structure and composition of the growth plate in response to injury to provide a foundation for developing therapies that minimize the consequences for skeletal development.
28492928	3	71	theme	microcomputed	448:460	arg1	CECT					474:477	CECT	474:477	CECT	474:477	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	3	71	theme	microcomputed	448:460	arg1	tomography					462:471	contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography	430:471	contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT)	430:478	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	5	72	theme	injury	966:971	arg1	site					973:976	the injury site	962:976	the injury site	962:976	We noted increased thickness and CECT attenuation (a measure correlated with glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content) near the injury, and increased tissue mineral density (TMD) of bone bridges within the injury site, compared to outside the injury site and contralateral growth plates.
28492928	6	73	theme	zonal	1095:1099	arg1	organization					1101:1112	the normal zonal organization	1084:1112	the normal zonal organization of the physis	1084:1126	Furthermore, we noted disruption of the normal zonal organization of the physis.
28492928	3	74	theme	histological	484:495	arg1	analyses					497:504	histological analyses	484:504	histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury	484:545	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	9	75	theme	local	1442:1446	arg1	changes					1448:1454	These local changes	1436:1454	These local changes in tissue structure and composition	1436:1490	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	7	76	theme	proliferative	1230:1242	arg1	zone					1244:1247	the proliferative zone	1226:1247	the proliferative zone	1226:1247	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	3	77	theme	cartilaginous	574:586	arg1	tissue					600:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue	570:605	the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate	570:625	We used contrast-enhanced microcomputed tomography (CECT) and histological analyses of a murine model of growth plate injury to quantify changes in the cartilaginous and osseous tissue of the growth plate.
28492928	7	78	theme	zone	1160:1163	arg1	height					1133:1138	The height	1129:1138	The height of the hypertrophic zone	1129:1163	The height of the hypertrophic zone was increased at the injury site, and the relative height of the proliferative zone was decreased across the entire injured growth plate.
28492928	1	79	theme	growth	121:126	arg1	disturbances					128:139	growth disturbances	121:139	growth disturbances	121:139	Injury to the growth plate is associated with growth disturbances, most notably premature cessation of growth.
28492928	9	80	from	changes	1448:1454	arg1	structure					1466:1474	tissue structure	1459:1474	tissue structure	1459:1474	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	9	80	from	changes	1448:1454	arg1	composition					1480:1490	composition	1480:1490	composition	1480:1490	These local changes in tissue structure and composition may contribute to the observed retardation in femur growth.
28492928	10	81	theme	zone	1613:1616	arg1	heights					1618:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights	1582:1624	proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury	1582:1646	In particular, the changes in proliferative and hypertrophic zone heights seen following injury may impact growth and could be targeted when developing therapies for growth plate injury.
26766297	4	0	theme	fibrous	775:781	arg1	particles					783:791	fibrous particles	775:791	fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements	775:845	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	8	1	theme	potato	1291:1296	arg1	flour					1303:1307	potato skin flour	1291:1307	potato skin flour	1291:1307	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	4	2	theme	microstructure	625:638	arg1	analysis					613:620	The analysis	609:620	The analysis	609:620	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	4	3	contain	having	793:798	arg2	potassium					800:808	potassium	800:808	potassium	800:808	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	4	3	contain	having	793:798	arg1	particles					783:791	fibrous particles	775:791	fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements	775:845	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	8	4	theme	skin	1298:1301	arg1	flour					1303:1307	potato skin flour	1291:1307	potato skin flour	1291:1307	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	0	5	theme	Vegetable	68:76	arg1	Residues					78:85	Fruit and Vegetable Residues	58:85	Fruit and Vegetable Residues	58:85	Development and Characterization of Edible Films Based on Fruit and Vegetable Residues.
26766297	6	6	theme	sorption	961:968	arg1	isotherm					970:977	The sorption isotherm	957:977	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour	957:990	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	2	7	theme	structural	329:338	arg1	links					340:344	structural links	329:344	structural links	329:344	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	4	8	theme	particle	692:699	arg1	size					701:704	mean particle size	687:704	mean particle size 350 μm	687:711	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	6	9	theme	soluble	1034:1040	arg1	sugars					1062:1067	sugars	1062:1067	sugars	1062:1067	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	6	9	theme	soluble	1034:1040	arg1	components					1042:1051	soluble components	1034:1051	soluble components	1034:1051	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	7	10	theme	average	1095:1101	arg1	thickness					1103:1111	an average thickness	1092:1111	an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm	1092:1131	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	9	11	theme	starch-based	1437:1448	arg1	films					1450:1454	fruit starch-based films	1431:1454	fruit starch-based films	1431:1454	Moreover, the films presented low tensile strength at break when compared with fruit starch-based films.
26766297	4	12	theme	particles	783:791	arg1	presence					763:770	the presence	759:770	the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements	759:845	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	7	13	theme	mm	1130:1131	arg1	solubility					1216:1225	high water solubility	1205:1225	high water solubility	1205:1225	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	7	13	theme	mm	1130:1131	arg1	aspect					1147:1152	a homogenous aspect	1134:1152	a homogenous aspect	1134:1152	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	7	13	theme	mm	1130:1131	arg1	color					1169:1173	bright yellow color	1155:1173	bright yellow color	1155:1173	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	7	13	theme	mm	1130:1131	arg1	thickness					1103:1111	an average thickness	1092:1111	an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm	1092:1131	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	7	13	theme	mm	1130:1131	arg1	flavor					1193:1198	pronounced fruit flavor	1176:1198	pronounced fruit flavor	1176:1198	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	4	14	theme	mean	687:690	arg1	size					701:704	mean particle size	687:704	mean particle size 350 μm	687:711	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	1	15	theme	solid	125:129	arg1	residue					131:137	the solid residue	121:137	the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables	121:186	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	1	15	theme	solid	125:129	arg1	processing					146:155	the processing	142:155	the processing of whole fruits and vegetables	142:186	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	6	16	theme	flour	986:990	arg1	isotherm					970:977	The sorption isotherm	957:977	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour	957:990	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	9	17	attach	presented	1372:1380	arg1	break					1406:1410	break	1406:1410	break	1406:1410	Moreover, the films presented low tensile strength at break when compared with fruit starch-based films.
26766297	9	17	attach	presented	1372:1380	arg2	films					1366:1370	the films	1362:1370	the films	1362:1370	Moreover, the films presented low tensile strength at break when compared with fruit starch-based films.
26766297	1	18	theme	fruits	166:171	arg1	processing					146:155	the processing	142:155	the processing of whole fruits and vegetables	142:186	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	3	19	theme	aqueous	416:422	arg1	extracts					424:431	aqueous extracts	416:431	aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w)	416:460	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	8	20	theme	molecular	1328:1336	arg1	conformation					1338:1349	the molecular conformation	1324:1349	the molecular conformation	1324:1349	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	5	21	theme	characteristic	891:904	arg1	bands					906:910	the characteristic bands	887:910	the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films	887:954	FTIR results showed similarity between the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films.
26766297	1	22	theme	whole	160:164	arg1	fruits					166:171	whole fruits	160:171	whole fruits	160:171	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	9	23	theme	low	1382:1384	arg1	strength					1394:1401	low tensile strength	1382:1401	low tensile strength	1382:1401	Moreover, the films presented low tensile strength at break when compared with fruit starch-based films.
26766297	7	24	theme	yellow	1162:1167	arg1	color					1169:1173	bright yellow color	1155:1173	bright yellow color	1155:1173	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	3	25	theme	water	503:507	arg1	thickness					492:500	thickness	492:500	thickness	492:500	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	25	theme	water	503:507	arg1	solubility					509:518	water solubility	503:518	water solubility	503:518	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	2	26	theme	sorption	360:367	arg1	isotherm					369:376	moisture sorption isotherm	351:376	moisture sorption isotherm	351:376	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	7	27	theme	Dried	1070:1074	arg1	films					1076:1080	Dried films	1070:1080	Dried films	1070:1080	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	4	28	theme	composition	654:664	arg1	analysis					613:620	The analysis	609:620	The analysis	609:620	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	1	29	theme	Edible	88:93	arg1	films					95:99	Edible films	88:99	Edible films	88:99	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	6	30	from	components	1042:1051	arg1	rich					1026:1029	rich	1026:1029	rich	1026:1029	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	2	31	theme	moisture	351:358	arg1	isotherm					369:376	moisture sorption isotherm	351:376	moisture sorption isotherm	351:376	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	5	32	theme	other	915:919	arg1	materials					925:933	other raw materials	915:933	other raw materials used in edible films	915:954	FTIR results showed similarity between the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films.
26766297	4	33	theme	granular	737:744	arg1	aspect					746:751	an essentially granular aspect	722:751	an essentially granular aspect	722:751	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	3	34	theme	thickness	492:500	arg1	terms					483:487	terms	483:487	terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability	483:567	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	8	35	theme	edible	1252:1257	arg1	films					1259:1263	the edible films	1248:1263	the edible films	1248:1263	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	3	36	theme	%	437:437	arg1	extracts					424:431	aqueous extracts	416:431	aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w)	416:460	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	5	37	theme	FTIR	848:851	arg1	results					853:859	FTIR results	848:859	FTIR results	848:859	FTIR results showed similarity between the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films.
26766297	8	38	theme	flour	1303:1307	arg1	addition					1279:1286	addition	1279:1286	addition of potato skin flour	1279:1307	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	1	39	theme	processing	146:155	arg1	residue					131:137	the solid residue	121:137	the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables	121:186	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	1	39	theme	processing	146:155	arg1	processing					146:155	the processing	142:155	the processing of whole fruits and vegetables	142:186	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	8	40	theme	FTIR	1232:1235	arg1	spectra					1237:1243	The FTIR spectra	1228:1243	The FTIR spectra of the edible films	1228:1263	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	7	41	theme	pronounced	1176:1185	arg1	flavor					1193:1198	pronounced fruit flavor	1176:1198	pronounced fruit flavor	1176:1198	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	0	42	theme	Films	43:47	arg1	Characterization					16:31	Characterization	16:31	Characterization	16:31	Development and Characterization of Edible Films Based on Fruit and Vegetable Residues.
26766297	0	42	theme	Films	43:47	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and Characterization of Edible Films Based on Fruit and Vegetable Residues.
26766297	4	43	dep	flour	680:684	arg1	size					701:704	mean particle size	687:704	mean particle size 350 μm	687:711	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	4	44	theme	elements	838:845	arg1	one					813:815	one	813:815	one	813:815	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	4	44	theme	elements	838:845	arg1	elements					838:845	the most abundant elements	820:845	the most abundant elements	820:845	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	6	45	theme	rich	1026:1029	arg1	foods					1020:1024	foods	1020:1024	foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars	1020:1067	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	5	46	theme	materials	925:933	arg1	bands					906:910	the characteristic bands	887:910	the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films	887:954	FTIR results showed similarity between the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films.
26766297	5	47	theme	edible	943:948	arg1	films					950:954	edible films	943:954	edible films	943:954	FTIR results showed similarity between the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films.
26766297	0	48	theme	Edible	36:41	arg1	Films					43:47	Edible Films	36:47	Edible Films	36:47	Development and Characterization of Edible Films Based on Fruit and Vegetable Residues.
26766297	4	49	theme	abundant	829:836	arg1	elements					838:845	the most abundant elements	820:845	the most abundant elements	820:845	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	7	50	theme	high	1205:1208	arg1	solubility					1216:1225	high water solubility	1205:1225	high water solubility	1205:1225	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	4	51	theme	elemental	644:652	arg1	composition					654:664	elemental composition	644:664	elemental composition	644:664	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	9	52	theme	tensile	1386:1392	arg1	strength					1394:1401	low tensile strength	1382:1401	low tensile strength	1382:1401	Moreover, the films presented low tensile strength at break when compared with fruit starch-based films.
26766297	2	53	theme	solid	193:197	arg1	residue					199:205	The solid residue	189:205	The solid residue	189:205	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	3	54	theme	mechanical	521:530	arg1	properties					532:541	mechanical properties	521:541	mechanical properties	521:541	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	54	theme	mechanical	521:530	arg1	thickness					492:500	thickness	492:500	thickness	492:500	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	55	theme	flour	450:454	arg1	w/w					457:459	w/w	457:459	w/w	457:459	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	55	theme	flour	450:454	arg1	flour					450:454	flour	450:454	flour	450:454	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	55	theme	flour	450:454	arg1	%					437:437	8%	436:437	8%	436:437	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	55	theme	flour	450:454	arg1	%					445:445	10%	443:445	10% of flour	443:454	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	5	56	theme	raw	921:923	arg1	materials					925:933	other raw materials	915:933	other raw materials used in edible films	915:954	FTIR results showed similarity between the characteristic bands of other raw materials used in edible films.
26766297	7	57	theme	water	1210:1214	arg1	solubility					1216:1225	high water solubility	1205:1225	high water solubility	1205:1225	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	6	58	from	rich	1026:1029	arg1	sugars					1062:1067	sugars	1062:1067	sugars	1062:1067	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	6	58	from	rich	1026:1029	arg1	components					1042:1051	soluble components	1034:1051	soluble components	1034:1051	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	2	59	theme	elemental	306:314	arg1	composition					316:326	elemental composition	306:326	elemental composition	306:326	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	9	60	theme	fruit	1431:1435	arg1	films					1450:1454	fruit starch-based films	1431:1454	fruit starch-based films	1431:1454	Moreover, the films presented low tensile strength at break when compared with fruit starch-based films.
26766297	7	61	theme	bright	1155:1160	arg1	color					1169:1173	bright yellow color	1155:1173	bright yellow color	1155:1173	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	2	62	theme	FVR	230:232	arg1	flour					223:227	flour	223:227	flour (FVR flour)	223:239	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	2	62	theme	FVR	230:232	arg1	flour					234:238	FVR flour	230:238	FVR flour	230:238	The solid residue, processed into flour (FVR flour) was chemically and structurally characterized by microstructure, elemental composition, structural links, and moisture sorption isotherm.
26766297	3	63	theme	%	445:445	arg1	extracts					424:431	aqueous extracts	416:431	aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w)	416:460	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	7	64	theme	fruit	1187:1191	arg1	flavor					1193:1198	pronounced fruit flavor	1176:1198	pronounced fruit flavor	1176:1198	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	6	65	theme	foods	1020:1024	arg1	profile					1009:1015	a typical profile	999:1015	a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars	999:1067	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	7	66	theme	0.263	1116:1120	arg1	±					1122:1122	±	1122:1122	±	1122:1122	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	6	67	theme	typical	1001:1007	arg1	profile					1009:1015	a typical profile	999:1015	a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars	999:1067	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	3	68	theme	water	544:548	arg1	permeability					556:567	water vapor permeability	544:567	water vapor permeability	544:567	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	68	theme	water	544:548	arg1	thickness					492:500	thickness	492:500	thickness	492:500	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	1	69	theme	vegetables	177:186	arg1	processing					146:155	the processing	142:155	the processing of whole fruits and vegetables	142:186	Edible films were developed from the solid residue of the processing of whole fruits and vegetables.
26766297	8	70	theme	films	1259:1263	arg1	spectra					1237:1243	The FTIR spectra	1228:1243	The FTIR spectra of the edible films	1228:1263	The FTIR spectra of the edible films revealed that addition of potato skin flour did not change the molecular conformation.
26766297	6	71	theme	FVR	982:984	arg1	flour					986:990	FVR flour	982:990	FVR flour	982:990	The sorption isotherm of FVR flour showed a typical profile of foods rich in soluble components, such as sugars.
26766297	0	72	theme	Fruit	58:62	arg1	Residues					78:85	Fruit and Vegetable Residues	58:85	Fruit and Vegetable Residues	58:85	Development and Characterization of Edible Films Based on Fruit and Vegetable Residues.
26766297	3	73	theme	vapor	550:554	arg1	permeability					556:567	water vapor permeability	544:567	water vapor permeability	544:567	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	3	73	theme	vapor	550:554	arg1	thickness					492:500	thickness	492:500	thickness	492:500	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
26766297	7	74	theme	homogenous	1136:1145	arg1	aspect					1147:1152	a homogenous aspect	1134:1152	a homogenous aspect	1134:1152	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	4	75	dep	size	701:704	arg1	μm					710:711	350 μm	706:711	mean particle size 350 μm	687:711	The analysis of microstructure and elemental composition, performed on flour (mean particle size 350 μm), showed an essentially granular aspect, with the presence of fibrous particles having potassium as one of the most abundant elements.
26766297	7	76	theme	0.003	1124:1128	arg1	±					1122:1122	±	1122:1122	±	1122:1122	Dried films presented an average thickness of 0.263 ± 0.003 mm, a homogenous aspect, bright yellow color, pronounced fruit flavor, and high water solubility.
26766297	3	77	dep	infrared	592:599	arg1	FTIR					602:605	FTIR	602:605	FTIR	602:605	Films were prepared by casting using aqueous extracts of 8% and 10% of flour (w/w) and characterized in terms of thickness, water solubility, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
25465548	11	0	theme	grading	1342:1348	arg1	score					1350:1354	a higher total grading score	1327:1354	a higher total grading score at 3mo	1327:1361	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	2	1	from	milk	367:370	arg1	milk					393:396	Holstein-Friesian milk	375:396	Holstein-Friesian milk	375:396	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	1	2	theme	use	135:137	arg1	effect					113:118	The effect	109:118	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production	109:231	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	8	3	theme	fat	986:988	arg1	content					990:996	cheese fat content	979:996	cheese fat content	979:996	Using Jersey milk increased cheese fat content in autumn, winter, and spring and decreased cheese moisture in spring and summer.
25465548	11	4	theme	higher	1329:1334	arg1	score					1350:1354	a higher total grading score	1327:1354	a higher total grading score at 3mo	1327:1361	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	5	5	theme	lower	687:691	arg1	protein					698:704	lower whey protein	687:704	lower whey protein	687:704	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	5	6	theme	whey	693:696	arg1	protein					698:704	lower whey protein	687:704	lower whey protein	687:704	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	12	7	theme	Jersey	1454:1459	arg1	milk					1461:1464	Jersey milk	1454:1464	Jersey milk	1454:1464	The study indicates that using Jersey milk is a valid method of improving Cheddar cheese yield.
25465548	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	processing					71:80	Cheddar cheese processing	56:80	Cheddar cheese processing	56:80	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	composition					83:93	composition	83:93	composition	83:93	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	quality					100:106	quality	100:106	quality	100:106	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	6	9	theme	Jersey	770:775	arg1	milk					777:780	Jersey milk	770:780	Jersey milk	770:780	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	12	10	theme	valid	1471:1475	arg1	method					1477:1482	a valid method	1469:1482	a valid method of improving Cheddar cheese yield	1469:1516	The study indicates that using Jersey milk is a valid method of improving Cheddar cheese yield.
25465548	6	11	dep	milling	811:817	arg1	to					808:809	to	808:809	to	808:809	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	11	12	theme	total	1336:1340	arg1	score					1350:1354	a higher total grading score	1327:1354	a higher total grading score at 3mo	1327:1361	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	13	from	score	1350:1354	arg1	yellowness					1298:1307	cheese yellowness	1291:1307	cheese yellowness during summer	1291:1321	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	13	from	score	1350:1354	arg1	winter					1366:1371	winter	1366:1371	winter	1366:1371	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	14	theme	cheese	1249:1254	arg1	quality					1264:1270	cheese sensory quality	1249:1270	cheese sensory quality	1249:1270	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	3	15	theme	Actual	414:419	arg1	yield					457:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield	414:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield	414:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield increased linearly with percentage of Jersey milk.
25465548	4	16	theme	protein	562:568	arg1	recoveries					570:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey.
25465548	11	17	theme	sensory	1256:1262	arg1	quality					1264:1270	cheese sensory quality	1249:1270	cheese sensory quality	1249:1270	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	5	18	theme	Jersey	669:674	arg1	milk					676:679	Jersey milk	669:679	Jersey milk	669:679	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	2	19	dep	milk	367:370	arg1	%					358:358	%	358:358	%	358:358	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	1	20	from	effect	113:118	arg1	production					222:231	Cheddar cheese production	207:231	Cheddar cheese production	207:231	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	8	21	theme	cheese	1042:1047	arg1	moisture					1049:1056	cheese moisture	1042:1056	cheese moisture	1042:1056	Using Jersey milk increased cheese fat content in autumn, winter, and spring and decreased cheese moisture in spring and summer.
25465548	11	22	theme	Jersey	1239:1244	arg1	effect					1229:1234	The effect	1225:1234	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality	1225:1270	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	22	theme	Jersey	1239:1244	arg1	increase					1279:1286	an increase	1276:1286	an increase in cheese yellowness during summer	1276:1321	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	12	23	theme	cheese	1505:1510	arg1	yield					1512:1516	Cheddar cheese yield	1497:1516	Cheddar cheese yield	1497:1516	The study indicates that using Jersey milk is a valid method of improving Cheddar cheese yield.
25465548	5	24	theme	whey	717:720	arg1	lactose					722:728	higher whey lactose	710:728	higher whey lactose	710:728	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	5	25	theme	milk	676:679	arg1	percentage					655:664	the percentage	651:664	the percentage of Jersey milk	651:679	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	3	26	theme	milk	508:511	arg1	percentage					487:496	percentage	487:496	percentage of Jersey milk	487:511	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield increased linearly with percentage of Jersey milk.
25465548	8	27	theme	Jersey	957:962	arg1	milk					964:967	Jersey milk	957:967	Jersey milk	957:967	Using Jersey milk increased cheese fat content in autumn, winter, and spring and decreased cheese moisture in spring and summer.
25465548	1	28	theme	different	152:160	arg1	rates					172:176	different inclusion rates	152:176	different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk	152:202	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	2	29	theme	Holstein-Friesian	375:391	arg1	milk					393:396	Holstein-Friesian milk	375:396	Holstein-Friesian milk	375:396	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	12	30	theme	Cheddar	1497:1503	arg1	yield					1512:1516	Cheddar cheese yield	1497:1516	Cheddar cheese yield	1497:1516	The study indicates that using Jersey milk is a valid method of improving Cheddar cheese yield.
25465548	1	31	theme	inclusion	162:170	arg1	rates					172:176	different inclusion rates	152:176	different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk	152:202	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	0	32	theme	Jersey	19:24	arg1	milk					48:51	blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk	10:51	blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk	10:51	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	6	33	theme	acidity	853:859	arg1	development					861:871	slower acidity development	846:871	slower acidity development	846:871	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	7	34	theme	milk	945:948	arg1	use					931:933	the use	927:933	the use of Jersey milk	927:948	Hence, overall cheesemaking time was not affected by the use of Jersey milk.
25465548	9	35	theme	Cheese	1080:1085	arg1	protein					1087:1093	Cheese protein	1080:1093	Cheese protein	1080:1093	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels were not affected.
25465548	2	36	theme	Jersey	360:365	arg1	milk					367:370	0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk	336:370	0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk	336:396	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	0	37	theme	blending	10:17	arg1	milk					48:51	blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk	10:51	blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk	10:51	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	6	38	theme	slower	846:851	arg1	development					861:871	slower acidity development	846:871	slower acidity development	846:871	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	7	39	theme	cheesemaking	889:900	arg1	time					902:905	overall cheesemaking time	881:905	overall cheesemaking time	881:905	Hence, overall cheesemaking time was not affected by the use of Jersey milk.
25465548	9	40	theme	protein	1087:1093	arg1	levels					1109:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels	1080:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels	1080:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels were not affected.
25465548	3	41	theme	Jersey	501:506	arg1	milk					508:511	Jersey milk	501:511	Jersey milk	501:511	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield increased linearly with percentage of Jersey milk.
25465548	3	42	theme	moisture-adjusted	439:455	arg1	yield					457:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield	414:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield	414:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield increased linearly with percentage of Jersey milk.
25465548	0	43	theme	Holstein-Friesian	30:46	arg1	milk					48:51	blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk	10:51	blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk	10:51	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	4	44	theme	lower	585:589	arg1	yield					591:595	lower yield	585:595	lower yield of whey	585:603	This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey.
25465548	4	45	theme	whey	600:603	arg1	recoveries					570:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey.
25465548	4	45	theme	whey	600:603	arg1	yield					591:595	lower yield	585:595	lower yield of whey	585:603	This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey.
25465548	1	46	theme	Holstein-Friesian	181:197	arg1	milk					199:202	Holstein-Friesian milk	181:202	Holstein-Friesian milk	181:202	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	2	47	theme	100-L	403:407	arg1	vat					409:411	a 100-L vat	401:411	a 100-L vat	401:411	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	7	48	theme	Jersey	938:943	arg1	milk					945:948	Jersey milk	938:948	Jersey milk	938:948	Hence, overall cheesemaking time was not affected by the use of Jersey milk.
25465548	9	49	theme	salt	1096:1099	arg1	levels					1109:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels	1080:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels	1080:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels were not affected.
25465548	5	50	theme	higher	710:715	arg1	lactose					722:728	higher whey lactose	710:728	higher whey lactose	710:728	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	6	51	used	used	786:789	arg2	milk					777:780	Jersey milk	770:780	Jersey milk	770:780	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	11	52	from	3mo	1359:1361	arg1	score					1350:1354	a higher total grading score	1327:1354	a higher total grading score at 3mo	1327:1361	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	52	from	3mo	1359:1361	arg1	effect					1229:1234	The effect	1225:1234	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality	1225:1270	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	52	from	3mo	1359:1361	arg1	increase					1279:1286	an increase	1276:1286	an increase in cheese yellowness during summer	1276:1321	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	0	53	theme	milk	48:51	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.	0:107	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	8	54	theme	cheese	979:984	arg1	content					990:996	cheese fat content	979:996	cheese fat content	979:996	Using Jersey milk increased cheese fat content in autumn, winter, and spring and decreased cheese moisture in spring and summer.
25465548	2	55	dep	%	358:358	arg1	75					347:348	75	347:348	75	347:348	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	2	55	dep	%	358:358	arg1	100					355:357	100	355:357	100	355:357	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	1	56	from	rates	172:176	arg1	milk					199:202	Holstein-Friesian milk	181:202	Holstein-Friesian milk	181:202	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	3	57	theme	theoretical	422:432	arg1	yield					457:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield	414:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield	414:461	Actual, theoretical, and moisture-adjusted yield increased linearly with percentage of Jersey milk.
25465548	9	58	theme	pH	1106:1107	arg1	levels					1109:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels	1080:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels	1080:1114	Cheese protein, salt, and pH levels were not affected.
25465548	11	59	theme	other	1377:1381	arg1	difference					1383:1392	no other difference	1374:1392	no other difference in cheese quality	1374:1410	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	60	from	effect	1229:1234	arg1	quality					1264:1270	cheese sensory quality	1249:1270	cheese sensory quality	1249:1270	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	4	61	theme	increased	544:552	arg1	recoveries					570:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey.
25465548	5	62	theme	whey	625:628	arg1	composition					610:620	The composition	606:620	The composition of whey	606:628	The composition of whey was also affected by the percentage of Jersey milk, with lower whey protein and higher whey lactose and solids.
25465548	6	63	theme	Cutting	742:748	arg1	time					750:753	Cutting time	742:753	Cutting time	742:753	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	11	64	from	difference	1383:1392	arg1	quality					1404:1410	cheese quality	1397:1410	cheese quality	1397:1410	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	2	65	theme	nonstandardized	301:315	arg1	milk					317:320	nonstandardized milk	301:320	nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk	301:396	Cheese was produced every month over a year using nonstandardized milk consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% Jersey milk in Holstein-Friesian milk in a 100-L vat.
25465548	11	66	from	increase	1279:1286	arg1	yellowness					1298:1307	cheese yellowness	1291:1307	cheese yellowness during summer	1291:1321	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	11	66	from	increase	1279:1286	arg1	winter					1366:1371	winter	1366:1371	winter	1366:1371	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	1	67	theme	Cheddar	207:213	arg1	production					222:231	Cheddar cheese production	207:231	Cheddar cheese production	207:231	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	0	68	theme	cheese	64:69	arg1	processing					71:80	Cheddar cheese processing	56:80	Cheddar cheese processing	56:80	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	7	69	theme	overall	881:887	arg1	time					902:905	overall cheesemaking time	881:905	overall cheesemaking time	881:905	Hence, overall cheesemaking time was not affected by the use of Jersey milk.
25465548	1	70	theme	Jersey	123:128	arg1	use					135:137	Jersey milk use	123:137	Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk	123:202	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	11	71	theme	cheese	1291:1296	arg1	yellowness					1298:1307	cheese yellowness	1291:1307	cheese yellowness during summer	1291:1321	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	1	72	theme	cheese	215:220	arg1	production					222:231	Cheddar cheese production	207:231	Cheddar cheese production	207:231	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	0	73	theme	Cheddar	56:62	arg1	processing					71:80	Cheddar cheese processing	56:80	Cheddar cheese processing	56:80	Effect of blending Jersey and Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese processing, composition, and quality.
25465548	6	74	theme	milling	811:817	arg1	higher					828:833	higher	828:833	higher	828:833	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	6	74	theme	milling	811:817	arg1	time					819:822	the cutting to milling time	796:822	the cutting to milling time	796:822	Cutting time was lower when Jersey milk was used, but the cutting to milling time was higher because of slower acidity development.
25465548	11	75	theme	cheese	1397:1402	arg1	quality					1404:1410	cheese quality	1397:1410	cheese quality	1397:1410	The effect of Jersey on cheese sensory quality was an increase in cheese yellowness during summer and a higher total grading score at 3mo in winter; no other difference in cheese quality was found.
25465548	1	76	theme	milk	130:133	arg1	use					135:137	Jersey milk use	123:137	Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk	123:202	The effect of Jersey milk use solely or at different inclusion rates in Holstein-Friesian milk on Cheddar cheese production was investigated.
25465548	4	77	theme	fat	554:556	arg1	recoveries					570:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	increased fat and protein recoveries	544:579	This was also associated with increased fat and protein recoveries and lower yield of whey.
25138141	4	0	theme	reactive	1056:1063	arg1	species					1072:1078	reactive oxygen species	1056:1078	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	1	with	interaction	782:792	arg1	nanoparticles					799:811	nanoparticles	799:811	nanoparticles	799:811	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	8	2	theme	bactericidal	1544:1555	arg1	NP-GT					1507:1511	Ag NP-GT	1504:1511	Ag NP-GT	1504:1511	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	8	2	theme	bactericidal	1544:1555	arg1	agent					1557:1561	a cytotoxic bactericidal agent	1532:1561	a cytotoxic bactericidal agent	1532:1561	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	1	3	theme	renewable	260:268	arg1	materials					304:312	renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	260:312	renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	260:312	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	5	4	theme	cell	1195:1198	arg1	cells					1170:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	5	4	theme	cell	1195:1198	arg1	line					1200:1203	human carcinoma cell line	1179:1203	a human carcinoma cell line	1177:1203	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	3	5	theme	Gram-negative	730:742	arg1	bacteria					762:769	Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria	730:769	Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria	730:769	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	4	6	theme	inhibition	921:930	arg1	zone					932:935	inhibition zone	921:935	inhibition zone	921:935	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	0	7	dep	study	116:120	arg1	activity					14:21	Antibacterial activity	0:21	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum	0:99	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	4	8	theme	intracellular	1002:1014	arg1	contents					1016:1023	intracellular contents	1002:1023	intracellular contents	1002:1023	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	6	9	theme	gum	1291:1293	arg1	Ag					1303:1304	Ag NP-GT	1303:1310	Ag NP-GT	1303:1310	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	6	9	theme	gum	1291:1293	arg1	ghatti					1295:1300	gum ghatti	1291:1300	gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT)	1291:1311	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	4	10	theme	antibiofilm	938:948	arg1	activity					950:957	antibiofilm activity	938:957	antibiofilm activity	938:957	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	11	theme	planktonic	832:841	arg1	modes					855:859	planktonic and biofilm modes	832:859	planktonic and biofilm modes of growth	832:869	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	5	12	theme	HeLa	1165:1168	arg1	cells					1170:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	5	12	theme	HeLa	1165:1168	arg1	line					1200:1203	human carcinoma cell line	1179:1203	a human carcinoma cell line	1177:1203	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	1	13	theme	cost-effective	271:284	arg1	materials					304:312	renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	260:312	renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	260:312	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	8	14	theme	cytotoxic	1534:1542	arg1	NP-GT					1507:1511	Ag NP-GT	1504:1511	Ag NP-GT	1504:1511	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	8	14	theme	cytotoxic	1534:1542	arg1	agent					1557:1561	a cytotoxic bactericidal agent	1532:1561	a cytotoxic bactericidal agent	1532:1561	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	7	15	theme	Ag	1470:1471	arg1	NP-GT					1473:1477	the Ag NP-GT	1466:1477	the Ag NP-GT	1466:1477	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	6	16	theme	silver	1253:1258	arg1	nanoparticles					1260:1272	the silver nanoparticles	1249:1272	the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT)	1249:1311	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	4	17	theme	oxygen	1065:1070	arg1	species					1072:1078	reactive oxygen species	1056:1078	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	0	18	theme	comparative	104:114	arg1	study					116:120	a comparative study	102:120	a comparative study	102:120	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	4	19	theme	broth	904:908	arg1	assays					910:915	solid agar and liquid broth assays	882:915	solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production	882:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	20	theme	biofilm	847:853	arg1	modes					855:859	planktonic and biofilm modes	832:859	planktonic and biofilm modes of growth	832:869	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	1	21	theme	biological	167:176	arg1	methods					178:184	biological methods	167:184	biological methods	167:184	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	4	22	theme	contents	1016:1023	arg1	production					1080:1089	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	22	theme	contents	1016:1023	arg1	leakage					991:997	leakage	991:997	leakage of intracellular contents	991:1023	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	22	theme	contents	1016:1023	arg1	permeabilization					1035:1050	membrane permeabilization	1026:1050	membrane permeabilization	1026:1050	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	22	theme	contents	1016:1023	arg1	activity					950:957	antibiofilm activity	938:957	antibiofilm activity	938:957	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	22	theme	contents	1016:1023	arg1	inhibition					960:969	inhibition	960:969	inhibition of growth kinetics	960:988	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	22	theme	contents	1016:1023	arg1	zone					932:935	inhibition zone	921:935	inhibition zone	921:935	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	7	23	theme	NP-GT	1473:1477	arg1	potential					1453:1461	zeta potential	1448:1461	zeta potential	1448:1461	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	7	23	theme	NP-GT	1473:1477	arg1	5.7 nm					1420:1425	5.7 nm	1420:1425	5.7 nm	1420:1425	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	7	23	theme	NP-GT	1473:1477	arg1	monodispersity					1429:1442	monodispersity	1429:1442	monodispersity	1429:1442	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	7	23	theme	NP-GT	1473:1477	arg1	size					1414:1417	smaller size	1406:1417	smaller size (5.7 nm)	1406:1426	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	4	24	theme	species	1072:1078	arg1	production					1080:1089	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	25	theme	membrane	1026:1033	arg1	permeabilization					1035:1050	membrane permeabilization	1026:1050	membrane permeabilization	1026:1050	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	5	26	theme	human	1179:1183	arg1	cells					1170:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	5	26	theme	human	1179:1183	arg1	line					1200:1203	human carcinoma cell line	1179:1203	a human carcinoma cell line	1177:1203	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	8	27	theme	bactericidal	1609:1620	arg1	agent					1622:1626	a biocompatible bactericidal agent	1593:1626	a biocompatible bactericidal agent	1593:1626	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	0	28	theme	Antibacterial	0:12	arg1	activity					14:21	Antibacterial activity	0:21	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum	0:99	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	1	29	theme	biodegradable	290:302	arg1	materials					304:312	renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	260:312	renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	260:312	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	5	30	theme	nanoparticles	1134:1146	arg1	cytotoxicity					1105:1116	cytotoxicity	1105:1116	cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles	1105:1146	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	7	31	theme	zeta	1448:1451	arg1	potential					1453:1461	zeta potential	1448:1461	zeta potential	1448:1461	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	2	32	theme	chemical	415:422	arg1	methods					424:430	chemical methods	415:430	chemical methods	415:430	Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity.
25138141	0	33	theme	biogenic	26:33	arg1	nanoparticles					42:54	biogenic silver nanoparticles	26:54	biogenic silver nanoparticles	26:54	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	1	34	theme	materials	304:312	arg1	abundance					247:255	the natural abundance	235:255	the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	235:312	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	4	35	theme	kinetics	981:988	arg1	production					1080:1089	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	reactive oxygen species production	1056:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	35	theme	kinetics	981:988	arg1	leakage					991:997	leakage	991:997	leakage of intracellular contents	991:1023	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	35	theme	kinetics	981:988	arg1	permeabilization					1035:1050	membrane permeabilization	1026:1050	membrane permeabilization	1026:1050	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	35	theme	kinetics	981:988	arg1	activity					950:957	antibiofilm activity	938:957	antibiofilm activity	938:957	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	35	theme	kinetics	981:988	arg1	inhibition					960:969	inhibition	960:969	inhibition of growth kinetics	960:988	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	35	theme	kinetics	981:988	arg1	zone					932:935	inhibition zone	921:935	inhibition zone	921:935	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	36	theme	agar	888:891	arg1	assays					910:915	solid agar and liquid broth assays	882:915	solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production	882:1089	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	0	37	dep	ghatti	77:82	arg1	olibanum					92:99	olibanum	92:99	olibanum	92:99	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	4	38	theme	solid	882:886	arg1	agar					888:891	solid agar	882:891	solid agar	882:891	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	1	39	theme	considerable	200:211	arg1	significance					213:224	considerable significance	200:224	considerable significance	200:224	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	6	40	theme	nanoparticles	1260:1272	arg1	cytotoxicity					1233:1244	cytotoxicity	1233:1244	cytotoxicity	1233:1244	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	6	40	theme	nanoparticles	1260:1272	arg1	activity					1220:1227	Antibacterial activity	1206:1227	Antibacterial activity	1206:1227	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	4	41	theme	growth	974:979	arg1	kinetics					981:988	growth kinetics	974:988	growth kinetics	974:988	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	3	42	theme	gum	694:696	arg1	nanoparticles					646:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles	626:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum	626:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	42	theme	gum	694:696	arg1	ghatti					698:703	gum ghatti	694:703	gum ghatti	694:703	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	43	theme	antibacterial	602:614	arg1	effect					616:621	the antibacterial effect	598:621	the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria	598:769	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	7	44	theme	smaller	1406:1412	arg1	5.7 nm					1420:1425	5.7 nm	1420:1425	5.7 nm	1420:1425	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	7	44	theme	smaller	1406:1412	arg1	size					1414:1417	smaller size	1406:1417	smaller size (5.7 nm)	1406:1426	This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT.
25138141	0	45	theme	nanoparticles	42:54	arg1	activity					14:21	Antibacterial activity	0:21	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum	0:99	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	8	46	theme	Ag	1572:1573	arg1	7.5 nm					1582:1587	7.5 nm	1582:1587	7.5 nm	1582:1587	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	8	46	theme	Ag	1572:1573	arg1	NP-OB					1575:1579	Ag NP-OB	1572:1579	Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent	1572:1626	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	8	47	theme	Ag	1504:1505	arg1	agent					1557:1561	a cytotoxic bactericidal agent	1532:1561	a cytotoxic bactericidal agent	1532:1561	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	8	47	theme	Ag	1504:1505	arg1	NP-GT					1507:1511	Ag NP-GT	1504:1511	Ag NP-GT	1504:1511	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	3	48	theme	silver	639:644	arg1	nanoparticles					646:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles	626:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum	626:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	48	theme	silver	639:644	arg1	olibanum					713:720	gum olibanum	709:720	gum olibanum	709:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	48	theme	silver	639:644	arg1	ghatti					698:703	gum ghatti	694:703	gum ghatti	694:703	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	49	dep	nanoparticles	646:658	arg1	nanoparticles					646:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles	626:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum	626:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	49	dep	nanoparticles	646:658	arg1	ghatti					698:703	gum ghatti	694:703	gum ghatti	694:703	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	49	dep	nanoparticles	646:658	arg1	olibanum					713:720	gum olibanum	709:720	gum olibanum	709:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	2	50	theme	silver	447:452	arg1	nanoparticles					454:466	most biogenic silver nanoparticles	433:466	most biogenic silver nanoparticles	433:466	Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity.
25138141	2	51	theme	most	433:436	arg1	nanoparticles					454:466	most biogenic silver nanoparticles	433:466	most biogenic silver nanoparticles	433:466	Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity.
25138141	0	52	theme	silver	35:40	arg1	nanoparticles					42:54	biogenic silver nanoparticles	26:54	biogenic silver nanoparticles	26:54	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	3	53	theme	nanoparticles	646:658	arg1	effect					616:621	the antibacterial effect	598:621	the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria	598:769	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	2	54	theme	biogenic	438:445	arg1	nanoparticles					454:466	most biogenic silver nanoparticles	433:466	most biogenic silver nanoparticles	433:466	Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity.
25138141	0	55	theme	gum	73:75	arg1	ghatti					77:82	gum ghatti	73:82	gum ghatti	73:82	Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study.
25138141	6	56	theme	Ag	1363:1364	arg1	NP-OB					1366:1370	Ag NP-OB	1363:1370	Ag NP-OB	1363:1370	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	6	56	theme	Ag	1363:1364	arg1	olibanum					1353:1360	gum olibanum	1349:1360	gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB)	1349:1371	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	4	57	theme	Bacterial	772:780	arg1	interaction					782:792	Bacterial interaction	772:792	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles	772:811	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	4	58	theme	liquid	897:902	arg1	broth					904:908	liquid broth	897:908	liquid broth	897:908	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	5	59	theme	carcinoma	1185:1193	arg1	cells					1170:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	HeLa cells	1165:1174	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	5	59	theme	carcinoma	1185:1193	arg1	line					1200:1203	human carcinoma cell line	1179:1203	a human carcinoma cell line	1177:1203	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	3	60	theme	biogenic	630:637	arg1	nanoparticles					646:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles	626:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum	626:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	60	theme	biogenic	630:637	arg1	olibanum					713:720	gum olibanum	709:720	gum olibanum	709:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	60	theme	biogenic	630:637	arg1	ghatti					698:703	gum ghatti	694:703	gum ghatti	694:703	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	1	61	theme	chemistry	343:351	arg1	principles					353:362	the green chemistry principles	333:362	the green chemistry principles	333:362	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	6	62	theme	gum	1349:1351	arg1	NP-OB					1366:1370	Ag NP-OB	1363:1370	Ag NP-OB	1363:1370	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	6	62	theme	gum	1349:1351	arg1	olibanum					1353:1360	gum olibanum	1349:1360	gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB)	1349:1371	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	3	63	theme	natural	674:680	arg1	gums					688:691	natural plant gums	674:691	natural plant gums	674:691	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	6	64	theme	Antibacterial	1206:1218	arg1	activity					1220:1227	Antibacterial activity	1206:1227	Antibacterial activity	1206:1227	Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB).
25138141	5	65	theme	biogenic	1125:1132	arg1	nanoparticles					1134:1146	the biogenic nanoparticles	1121:1146	the biogenic nanoparticles	1121:1146	In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line.
25138141	3	66	theme	plant	682:686	arg1	gums					688:691	natural plant gums	674:691	natural plant gums	674:691	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	1	67	theme	natural	239:245	arg1	abundance					247:255	the natural abundance	235:255	the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials	235:312	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	2	68	theme	antibacterial	547:559	arg1	activity					561:568	enhanced antibacterial activity	538:568	enhanced antibacterial activity	538:568	Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity.
25138141	3	69	theme	gum	709:711	arg1	nanoparticles					646:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles	626:658	two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum	626:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	3	69	theme	gum	709:711	arg1	olibanum					713:720	gum olibanum	709:720	gum olibanum	709:720	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	1	70	theme	silver	134:139	arg1	nanoparticles					141:153	silver nanoparticles	134:153	silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods	134:184	Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles.
25138141	2	71	theme	enhanced	538:545	arg1	activity					561:568	enhanced antibacterial activity	538:568	enhanced antibacterial activity	538:568	Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity.
25138141	3	72	theme	Gram-positive	748:760	arg1	bacteria					762:769	Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria	730:769	Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria	730:769	In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
25138141	4	73	theme	growth	864:869	arg1	modes					855:859	planktonic and biofilm modes	832:859	planktonic and biofilm modes of growth	832:869	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
25138141	8	74	theme	biocompatible	1595:1607	arg1	agent					1622:1626	a biocompatible bactericidal agent	1593:1626	a biocompatible bactericidal agent	1593:1626	The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
25138141	4	75	dep	modes	855:859	arg1	both					824:827	both	824:827	both	824:827	Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production.
26706541	9	0	from	decrease	1792:1799	arg1	reactivity					1808:1817	the reactivity	1804:1817	the reactivity	1804:1817	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	6	1	theme	in	1077:1078	arg1	analyses					1098:1105	in vitro and in vivo analyses	1077:1105	in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1077:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	2	2	link	derived	363:369	arg1	polymer					371:377	a naturally derived polymer	351:377	a naturally derived polymer	351:377	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	6	3	theme	polymer	1210:1216	arg1	systems					1176:1182	two different polymeric systems	1152:1182	two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1152:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	3	theme	polymer	1210:1216	arg1	blend					1218:1222	a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1200:1222	(b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1196:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	1	4	theme	tissue	289:294	arg1	reparation					296:305	natural bone tissue reparation	276:305	natural bone tissue reparation	276:305	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	8	5	theme	bone	1618:1621	arg1	defect					1623:1628	the bone defect	1614:1628	the bone defect	1614:1628	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	9	6	from	tissue	1938:1943	arg1	area					1973:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	8	7	theme	formed	1683:1688	arg1	tissue					1690:1695	the newly formed tissue	1673:1695	the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain	1673:1721	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	6	8	dep	blend	1218:1222	arg1	b					1197:1197	b	1197:1197	b	1197:1197	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	9	9	theme	particles	1863:1871	arg1	activity					1837:1844	antimicrobial activity	1823:1844	antimicrobial activity of the composite particles	1823:1871	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	7	10	used	used	1391:1394	arg2	thermogravimetry					1339:1354	thermogravimetry	1339:1354	thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry	1339:1385	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	3	11	from	engineering	646:656	arg1	history					593:599	a long history	586:599	a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering	586:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	1	12	theme	nanostructured	209:222	arg1	hydroxyapatite					224:237	nanostructured hydroxyapatite	209:237	nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp)	209:243	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	1	12	theme	nanostructured	209:222	arg1	HAp					240:242	HAp	240:242	HAp	240:242	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	7	13	theme	mass	1369:1372	arg1	spectrometry					1374:1385	mass spectrometry	1369:1385	mass spectrometry	1369:1385	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	6	14	attach	present	1022:1028	arg2	we					1019:1020	we	1019:1020	we	1019:1020	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	14	attach	present	1022:1028	arg1	study					1013:1017	this study	1008:1017	this study	1008:1017	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	15	theme	nanoparticulate	1112:1126	arg1	form					1128:1131	a nanoparticulate form	1110:1131	a nanoparticulate form of HAp	1110:1138	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	3	16	theme	synthetic	563:571	arg1	poly-D					521:526	poly-D	521:526	poly-D	521:526	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	3	16	theme	synthetic	563:571	arg1	polymer					573:579	a synthetic polymer	561:579	a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering	561:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	0	17	from	effect	84:89	arg1	properties					108:117	antimicrobial properties	94:117	antimicrobial properties	94:117	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	17	from	effect	84:89	arg1	regeneration					142:153	regeneration	142:153	regeneration	142:153	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	17	from	effect	84:89	arg1	osteoconductivity					120:136	osteoconductivity	120:136	osteoconductivity	120:136	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	4	18	theme	membrane	704:711	arg1	integrity					713:721	the cell membrane integrity	695:721	the cell membrane integrity	695:721	However, while chitosan can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and may induce blood thrombosis, PLGA releases acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process.
26706541	0	19	theme	tissues	166:172	arg1	effect					84:89	their effect	78:89	their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues	78:172	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	19	theme	tissues	166:172	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	hydroxyapatite nanoparticles	45:72	hydroxyapatite nanoparticles	45:72	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	3	20	theme	long	588:591	arg1	history					593:599	a long history	586:599	a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering	586:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	9	21	with	HAp	1732:1734	arg1	blend					1753:1757	a polymeric blend	1741:1757	a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA	1741:1781	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	3	22	theme	drug	621:624	arg1	delivery					626:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	6	23	theme	polymeric	1166:1174	arg1	systems					1176:1182	two different polymeric systems	1152:1182	two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1152:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	23	theme	polymeric	1166:1174	arg1	blend					1218:1222	a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1200:1222	(b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1196:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	23	theme	polymeric	1166:1174	arg1	Ch					1189:1190	(a) Ch	1185:1190	(a) Ch	1185:1190	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	8	24	contain	had	1714:1716	arg2	lain					1718:1721	lain	1718:1721	lain	1718:1721	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	8	24	contain	had	1714:1716	arg1	defect					1707:1712	the defect	1703:1712	the defect	1703:1712	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	2	25	from	material	457:464	arg1	engineering					489:499	bone tissue engineering	477:499	bone tissue engineering	477:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	9	26	theme	bone	1933:1936	arg1	tissue					1938:1943	the newly formed bone tissue	1916:1943	the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area	1916:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	6	27	dep	Ch	1189:1190	arg1	a					1186:1186	a	1186:1186	a	1186:1186	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	0	28	theme	antimicrobial	94:106	arg1	properties					108:117	antimicrobial properties	94:117	antimicrobial properties	94:117	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	28	theme	antimicrobial	94:106	arg1	regeneration					142:153	regeneration	142:153	regeneration	142:153	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	28	theme	antimicrobial	94:106	arg1	osteoconductivity					120:136	osteoconductivity	120:136	osteoconductivity	120:136	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	8	29	theme	highest	1495:1501	arg1	activity					1517:1524	the highest antimicrobial activity	1491:1524	the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work	1491:1579	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	9	30	theme	reconstructed	1952:1964	arg1	area					1973:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	4	31	theme	acidic	770:775	arg1	byproducts					777:786	acidic byproducts	770:786	acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process	770:860	However, while chitosan can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and may induce blood thrombosis, PLGA releases acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process.
26706541	2	32	theme	biological	408:417	arg1	properties					419:428	many physicochemical and biological properties	383:428	many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering	383:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	0	33	theme	Chitosan-PLGA	0:12	arg1	polymer					14:20	Chitosan-PLGA polymer	0:20	Chitosan-PLGA polymer	0:20	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	5	34	dep	strategies	874:883	arg1	improve					888:894	improve	888:894	to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA	885:930	One of the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA is to combine them with compounds that exhibit complementary properties.
26706541	2	35	theme	attractive	446:455	arg1	material					457:464	an attractive material	443:464	an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering	443:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	8	36	theme	microbial	1543:1551	arg1	strains					1553:1559	all four microbial strains	1534:1559	all four microbial strains tested in this work	1534:1579	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	6	37	dep	in	1077:1078	arg1	vitro					1080:1084	vitro	1080:1084	vitro	1080:1084	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	7	38	theme	Solvent/non-solvent	1225:1243	arg1	precipitation					1245:1257	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation	1225:1257	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation	1225:1257	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	2	39	theme	tissue	482:487	arg1	engineering					489:499	bone tissue engineering	477:499	bone tissue engineering	477:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	3	40	theme	other	509:513	arg1	hand					515:518	the other hand	505:518	the other hand	505:518	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	0	41	theme	hydroxyapatite	45:58	arg1	nanoparticles					60:72	hydroxyapatite nanoparticles	45:72	hydroxyapatite nanoparticles	45:72	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	1	42	contain	have	245:248	arg2	potential					262:270	an enormous potential	250:270	an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation	250:331	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	1	42	contain	have	245:248	arg1	biomaterials					185:196	Composite biomaterials	175:196	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp)	175:243	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	8	43	theme	defect	1623:1628	arg1	reconstruction					1596:1609	the reconstruction	1592:1609	the reconstruction of the bone defect	1592:1628	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	1	44	theme	enormous	253:260	arg1	potential					262:270	an enormous potential	250:270	an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation	250:331	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	5	45	theme	complementary	979:991	arg1	properties					993:1002	complementary properties	979:1002	complementary properties	979:1002	One of the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA is to combine them with compounds that exhibit complementary properties.
26706541	6	46	theme	in	1090:1091	arg1	analyses					1098:1105	in vitro and in vivo analyses	1077:1105	in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1077:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	2	47	theme	physicochemical	388:402	arg1	properties					419:428	many physicochemical and biological properties	383:428	many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering	383:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	9	48	theme	antimicrobial	1823:1835	arg1	activity					1837:1844	antimicrobial activity	1823:1844	antimicrobial activity of the composite particles	1823:1871	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	8	49	theme	inflammatory	1647:1658	arg1	reactions					1660:1668	inflammatory reactions	1647:1668	inflammatory reactions	1647:1668	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	1	50	theme	bone	284:287	arg1	reparation					296:305	natural bone tissue reparation	276:305	natural bone tissue reparation	276:305	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	8	51	theme	composite	1461:1469	arg1	particles					1471:1479	HAp/Ch composite particles	1454:1479	HAp/Ch composite particles	1454:1479	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	7	52	theme	coating	1437:1443	arg1	process					1445:1451	the coating process	1433:1451	the coating process	1433:1451	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	3	53	from	delivery	626:633	arg1	history					593:599	a long history	586:599	a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering	586:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	6	54	theme	Ch-PLGA	1202:1208	arg1	systems					1176:1182	two different polymeric systems	1152:1182	two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1152:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	54	theme	Ch-PLGA	1202:1208	arg1	blend					1218:1222	a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1200:1222	(b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1196:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	7	55	theme	phase	1400:1404	arg1	purposes					1421:1428	phase identification purposes	1400:1428	phase identification purposes in the coating process	1400:1451	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	9	56	theme	composite	1853:1861	arg1	particles					1863:1871	the composite particles	1849:1871	the composite particles	1849:1871	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	2	57	theme	derived	363:369	arg1	polymer					371:377	a naturally derived polymer	351:377	a naturally derived polymer	351:377	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	7	58	theme	identification	1406:1419	arg1	purposes					1421:1428	phase identification purposes	1400:1428	phase identification purposes in the coating process	1400:1451	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	6	59	theme	HAp	1136:1138	arg1	form					1128:1131	a nanoparticulate form	1110:1131	a nanoparticulate form of HAp	1110:1138	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	7	60	from	purposes	1421:1428	arg1	process					1445:1451	the coating process	1433:1451	the coating process	1433:1451	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	4	61	theme	healing	846:852	arg1	process					854:860	the healing process	842:860	the healing process	842:860	However, while chitosan can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and may induce blood thrombosis, PLGA releases acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process.
26706541	6	62	theme	form	1128:1131	arg1	synthesis					1034:1042	the synthesis	1030:1042	the synthesis	1030:1042	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	62	theme	form	1128:1131	arg1	analyses					1098:1105	in vitro and in vivo analyses	1077:1105	in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1077:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	62	theme	form	1128:1131	arg1	characterization					1048:1063	characterization	1048:1063	characterization	1048:1063	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	0	63	theme	osseous	158:164	arg1	tissues					166:172	osseous tissues	158:172	osseous tissues	158:172	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	9	64	from	increase	1889:1896	arg1	quality					1905:1911	the quality	1901:1911	the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area	1901:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	4	65	theme	cell	699:702	arg1	integrity					713:721	the cell membrane integrity	695:721	the cell membrane integrity	695:721	However, while chitosan can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and may induce blood thrombosis, PLGA releases acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process.
26706541	3	66	theme	sustained	611:619	arg1	delivery					626:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	5	67	theme	Ch	920:921	arg1	biocompatibility					900:915	the biocompatibility	896:915	the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA	896:930	One of the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA is to combine them with compounds that exhibit complementary properties.
26706541	8	68	theme	HAp/Ch	1454:1459	arg1	particles					1471:1479	HAp/Ch composite particles	1454:1479	HAp/Ch composite particles	1454:1479	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	6	69	dep	systems	1176:1182	arg1	systems					1176:1182	two different polymeric systems	1152:1182	two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1152:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	69	dep	systems	1176:1182	arg1	blend					1218:1222	a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1200:1222	(b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1196:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	69	dep	systems	1176:1182	arg1	Ch					1189:1190	(a) Ch	1185:1190	(a) Ch	1185:1190	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	3	70	from	polymer	573:579	arg1	hand					515:518	the other hand	505:518	the other hand	505:518	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	3	71	theme	use	604:606	arg1	history					593:599	a long history	586:599	a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering	586:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	5	72	theme	strategies	874:883	arg1	One					863:865	One	863:865	One	863:865	One of the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA is to combine them with compounds that exhibit complementary properties.
26706541	5	72	theme	strategies	874:883	arg1	strategies					874:883	the strategies	870:883	the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA	870:930	One of the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA is to combine them with compounds that exhibit complementary properties.
26706541	9	73	theme	Coating	1724:1730	arg1	HAp					1732:1734	Coating HAp	1724:1734	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA	1724:1781	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	6	74	theme	different	1156:1164	arg1	systems					1176:1182	two different polymeric systems	1152:1182	two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1152:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	74	theme	different	1156:1164	arg1	blend					1218:1222	a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1200:1222	(b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend	1196:1222	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	6	74	theme	different	1156:1164	arg1	Ch					1189:1190	(a) Ch	1185:1190	(a) Ch	1185:1190	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	9	75	theme	formed	1926:1931	arg1	tissue					1938:1943	the newly formed bone tissue	1916:1943	the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area	1916:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	1	76	theme	Composite	175:183	arg1	biomaterials					185:196	Composite biomaterials	175:196	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp)	175:243	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
26706541	8	77	theme	antimicrobial	1503:1515	arg1	activity					1517:1524	the highest antimicrobial activity	1491:1524	the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work	1491:1579	HAp/Ch composite particles exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against all four microbial strains tested in this work, but after the reconstruction of the bone defect they also caused inflammatory reactions in the newly formed tissue where the defect had lain.
26706541	9	78	theme	tissue	1938:1943	arg1	quality					1905:1911	the quality	1901:1911	the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area	1901:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	9	79	theme	polymeric	1743:1751	arg1	blend					1753:1757	a polymeric blend	1741:1757	a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA	1741:1781	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	0	80	from	nanoparticles	60:72	arg1	properties					108:117	antimicrobial properties	94:117	antimicrobial properties	94:117	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	80	from	nanoparticles	60:72	arg1	regeneration					142:153	regeneration	142:153	regeneration	142:153	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	0	80	from	nanoparticles	60:72	arg1	osteoconductivity					120:136	osteoconductivity	120:136	osteoconductivity	120:136	Chitosan-PLGA polymer blends as coatings for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and their effect on antimicrobial properties, osteoconductivity and regeneration of osseous tissues.
26706541	3	81	from	use	604:606	arg1	delivery					626:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	3	81	from	use	604:606	arg1	engineering					646:656	tissue engineering	639:656	tissue engineering	639:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	9	82	from	area	1973:1976	arg1	quality					1905:1911	the quality	1901:1911	the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area	1901:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	2	83	contain	has	379:381	arg1	Ch					344:345	Ch	344:345	Ch	344:345	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	2	83	contain	has	379:381	arg1	Chitosan					334:341	Chitosan	334:341	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer	334:377	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	2	83	contain	has	379:381	arg2	properties					419:428	many physicochemical and biological properties	383:428	many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering	383:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	9	84	theme	defect	1966:1971	arg1	area					1973:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	7	85	used	used	1282:1285	arg2	freeze-drying					1263:1275	freeze-drying	1263:1275	freeze-drying	1263:1275	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	7	85	used	used	1282:1285	arg2	precipitation					1245:1257	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation	1225:1257	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation	1225:1257	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	5	86	theme	PLGA	927:930	arg1	biocompatibility					900:915	the biocompatibility	896:915	the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA	896:930	One of the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of Ch and PLGA is to combine them with compounds that exhibit complementary properties.
26706541	3	87	with	polymer	573:579	arg1	history					593:599	a long history	586:599	a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering	586:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	9	88	from	quality	1905:1911	arg1	area					1973:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	the reconstructed defect area	1948:1976	Coating HAp with a polymeric blend composed of Ch and PLGA led to a decrease in the reactivity and antimicrobial activity of the composite particles, but also to an increase in the quality of the newly formed bone tissue in the reconstructed defect area.
26706541	3	89	theme	tissue	639:644	arg1	engineering					646:656	tissue engineering	639:656	tissue engineering	639:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	4	90	theme	blood	738:742	arg1	thrombosis					744:753	blood thrombosis	738:753	blood thrombosis	738:753	However, while chitosan can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and may induce blood thrombosis, PLGA releases acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process.
26706541	3	91	from	history	593:599	arg1	delivery					626:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	sustained drug delivery	611:633	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	3	91	from	history	593:599	arg1	engineering					646:656	tissue engineering	639:656	tissue engineering	639:656	On the other hand, poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is a synthetic polymer with a long history of use in sustained drug delivery and tissue engineering.
26706541	4	92	theme	tissue	803:808	arg1	inflammation					810:821	tissue inflammation	803:821	tissue inflammation	803:821	However, while chitosan can disrupt the cell membrane integrity and may induce blood thrombosis, PLGA releases acidic byproducts that may cause tissue inflammation and interfere with the healing process.
26706541	7	93	dep	used	1282:1285	arg1	whereas					1331:1337	whereas	1331:1337	whereas	1331:1337	Solvent/non-solvent precipitation and freeze-drying were used for synthesis and processing, respectively, whereas thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry was used for phase identification purposes in the coating process.
26706541	2	94	theme	bone	477:480	arg1	engineering					489:499	bone tissue engineering	477:499	bone tissue engineering	477:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	6	95	dep	in	1090:1091	arg1	vivo					1093:1096	vivo	1093:1096	vivo	1093:1096	In this study we present the synthesis and characterization, as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses of a nanoparticulate form of HAp coated with two different polymeric systems: (a) Ch and (b) a Ch-PLGA polymer blend.
26706541	2	96	theme	many	383:386	arg1	properties					419:428	many physicochemical and biological properties	383:428	many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering	383:499	Chitosan (Ch) as a naturally derived polymer has many physicochemical and biological properties that make it an attractive material for use in bone tissue engineering.
26706541	1	97	theme	natural	276:282	arg1	reparation					296:305	natural bone tissue reparation	276:305	natural bone tissue reparation	276:305	Composite biomaterials comprising nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HAp) have an enormous potential for natural bone tissue reparation, filling and augmentation.
24724553	0	0	theme	response	93:100	arg1	method					110:115	response surface method	93:115	response surface method	93:115	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.
24724553	5	1	theme	optimization	727:738	arg1	studies					740:746	the optimization studies	723:746	the optimization studies	723:746	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	2	theme	significant	622:632	arg1	variables					634:642	Four significant variables	617:642	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine)	617:703	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	2	theme	significant	622:632	arg1	chloride					653:660	calcium chloride	645:660	calcium chloride	645:660	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	2	theme	significant	622:632	arg1	sulfate					671:677	ferrous sulfate	663:677	ferrous sulfate	663:677	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	2	theme	significant	622:632	arg1	L-arginine					693:702	L-arginine	693:702	L-arginine	693:702	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	2	theme	significant	622:632	arg1	maltose					680:686	maltose	680:686	maltose	680:686	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	4	3	theme	significant	472:482	arg1	factors					484:490	significant factors	472:490	significant factors influencing the surfactin production	472:527	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	1	4	theme	formation	176:184	arg1	water					186:190	the formation water	172:190	the formation water of an oil field	172:206	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	4	5	theme	further	547:553	arg1	optimization					555:566	further optimization	547:566	further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM)	547:614	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	6	6	theme	positive	863:870	arg1	effect					872:877	a significant positive effect	849:877	a significant positive effect	849:877	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	7	7	theme	unoptimized	1072:1082	arg1	medium					1090:1095	the unoptimized basal medium	1068:1095	the unoptimized basal medium	1068:1095	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	4	8	theme	response	572:579	arg1	methodology					589:599	response surface methodology	572:599	response surface methodology approach (RSM)	572:614	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	0	9	theme	surface	102:108	arg1	method					110:115	response surface method	93:115	response surface method	93:115	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.
24724553	6	10	theme	significant	851:861	arg1	effect					872:877	a significant positive effect	849:877	a significant positive effect	849:877	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	5	11	theme	calcium	645:651	arg1	variables					634:642	Four significant variables	617:642	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine)	617:703	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	11	theme	calcium	645:651	arg1	chloride					653:660	calcium chloride	645:660	calcium chloride	645:660	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	2	12	theme	surfactin	291:299	arg1	production					301:310	surfactin production	291:310	surfactin production	291:310	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	2	13	theme	Plackett-	333:341	arg1	design					350:355	Plackett- Burman design	333:355	Plackett- Burman design (PBD)	333:361	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	2	13	theme	Plackett-	333:341	arg1	PBD					358:360	PBD	358:360	PBD	358:360	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	1	14	attach	isolated	158:165	arg1	water					186:190	the formation water	172:190	the formation water of an oil field	172:206	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	1	14	attach	isolated	158:165	arg2	HSO121					136:141	Bacillus subtilis HSO121	118:141	Bacillus subtilis HSO121	118:141	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	8	15	theme	optimized	1154:1162	arg1	g/l					1178:1180	47.58 g/l	1172:1180	47.58 g/l	1172:1180	Surfactin production yield increased significantly with optimized medium (47.58 g/l) when compared with the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l).
24724553	8	15	theme	optimized	1154:1162	arg1	medium					1164:1169	optimized medium	1154:1169	optimized medium (47.58 g/l)	1154:1181	Surfactin production yield increased significantly with optimized medium (47.58 g/l) when compared with the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l).
24724553	2	16	theme	components	277:286	arg1	Effects					253:259	Effects	253:259	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production	253:310	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	7	17	theme	production	997:1006	arg1	yield					1008:1012	surfactin production yield	987:1012	surfactin production yield	987:1012	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	5	18	theme	central	769:775	arg1	CCD					795:797	CCD	795:797	CCD	795:797	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	18	theme	central	769:775	arg1	design					787:792	central composite design	769:792	central composite design (CCD)	769:798	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	19	theme	composite	777:785	arg1	CCD					795:797	CCD	795:797	CCD	795:797	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	19	theme	composite	777:785	arg1	design					787:792	central composite design	769:792	central composite design (CCD)	769:798	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	6	20	theme	significant	933:943	arg1	effect					945:950	no significant effect	930:950	no significant effect	930:950	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	1	21	theme	oil	198:200	arg1	field					202:206	an oil field	195:206	an oil field	195:206	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	0	22	theme	production	26:35	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.	0:116	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.
24724553	7	23	theme	optimized	1034:1042	arg1	medium					1044:1049	the optimized medium	1030:1049	the optimized medium	1030:1049	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	2	24	from	Effects	253:259	arg1	production					301:310	surfactin production	291:310	surfactin production	291:310	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	1	25	theme	field	202:206	arg1	water					186:190	the formation water	172:190	the formation water of an oil field	172:206	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	0	26	theme	surfactin	16:24	arg1	production					26:35	surfactin production	16:35	surfactin production	16:35	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.
24724553	1	27	theme	Bacillus	118:125	arg1	HSO121					136:141	Bacillus subtilis HSO121	118:141	Bacillus subtilis HSO121	118:141	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	7	28	from	increase	975:982	arg1	yield					1008:1012	surfactin production yield	987:1012	surfactin production yield	987:1012	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	0	29	theme	Bacillus	40:47	arg1	HSO121					58:63	Bacillus subtilis HSO121	40:63	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method	40:115	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.
24724553	3	30	theme	P-value	408:414	arg1	basis					399:403	the basis	395:403	the basis	395:403	Each component was screened on the basis of P-value, which was at 92% or above of confidence level.
24724553	6	31	theme	ferrous	910:916	arg1	sulfate					918:924	ferrous sulfate	910:924	ferrous sulfate	910:924	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	6	32	contain	had	926:928	arg2	effect					945:950	no significant effect	930:950	no significant effect	930:950	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	6	32	contain	had	926:928	arg1	sulfate					918:924	ferrous sulfate	910:924	ferrous sulfate	910:924	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	0	33	dep	Bacillus	40:47	arg1	subtilis					49:56	subtilis	49:56	subtilis	49:56	Optimization of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis HSO121 through Plackett-Burman and response surface method.
24724553	7	34	theme	surfactin	987:995	arg1	yield					1008:1012	surfactin production yield	987:1012	surfactin production yield	987:1012	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	4	35	theme	surface	581:587	arg1	methodology					589:599	response surface methodology	572:599	response surface methodology approach (RSM)	572:614	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	4	36	theme	surfactin	508:516	arg1	production					518:527	the surfactin production	504:527	the surfactin production	504:527	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	6	37	theme	Calcium	801:807	arg1	chloride					809:816	Calcium chloride	801:816	Calcium chloride	801:816	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	7	38	theme	38.06-fold	964:973	arg1	increase					975:982	An overall 38.06-fold increase	953:982	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield	953:1012	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	5	39	theme	ferrous	663:669	arg1	variables					634:642	Four significant variables	617:642	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine)	617:703	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	39	theme	ferrous	663:669	arg1	sulfate					671:677	ferrous sulfate	663:677	ferrous sulfate	663:677	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	2	40	theme	different	267:275	arg1	components					277:286	10 different components	264:286	10 different components	264:286	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	2	41	theme	Burman	343:348	arg1	design					350:355	Plackett- Burman design	333:355	Plackett- Burman design (PBD)	333:361	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	2	41	theme	Burman	343:348	arg1	PBD					358:360	PBD	358:360	PBD	358:360	Effects of 10 different components on surfactin production have been studied by Plackett- Burman design (PBD).
24724553	4	42	theme	methodology	589:599	arg1	RSM					611:613	RSM	611:613	RSM	611:613	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	4	42	theme	methodology	589:599	arg1	approach					601:608	response surface methodology approach	572:608	response surface methodology approach (RSM)	572:614	In PBD, significant factors influencing the surfactin production were selected for further optimization via response surface methodology approach (RSM).
24724553	3	43	theme	confidence	446:455	arg1	level					457:461	confidence level	446:461	confidence level	446:461	Each component was screened on the basis of P-value, which was at 92% or above of confidence level.
24724553	1	44	theme	surfactin	229:237	arg1	lipopeptides					239:250	surfactin lipopeptides	229:250	surfactin lipopeptides	229:250	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	8	45	theme	production	1108:1117	arg1	yield					1119:1123	Surfactin production yield	1098:1123	Surfactin production yield	1098:1123	Surfactin production yield increased significantly with optimized medium (47.58 g/l) when compared with the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l).
24724553	7	46	theme	overall	956:962	arg1	increase					975:982	An overall 38.06-fold increase	953:982	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield	953:1012	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
24724553	8	47	theme	unoptimized	1206:1216	arg1	one					1218:1220	the unoptimized one	1202:1220	the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l)	1202:1231	Surfactin production yield increased significantly with optimized medium (47.58 g/l) when compared with the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l).
24724553	8	47	theme	unoptimized	1206:1216	arg1	g/l					1228:1230	1.25 g/l	1223:1230	1.25 g/l	1223:1230	Surfactin production yield increased significantly with optimized medium (47.58 g/l) when compared with the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l).
24724553	8	48	theme	Surfactin	1098:1106	arg1	yield					1119:1123	Surfactin production yield	1098:1123	Surfactin production yield	1098:1123	Surfactin production yield increased significantly with optimized medium (47.58 g/l) when compared with the unoptimized one (1.25 g/l).
24724553	6	49	theme	surfactin	882:890	arg1	production					892:901	surfactin production	882:901	surfactin production	882:901	Calcium chloride, maltose and L-arginine showed a significant positive effect on surfactin production, while ferrous sulfate had no significant effect.
24724553	5	50	dep	variables	634:642	arg1	maltose					680:686	maltose	680:686	maltose	680:686	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	50	dep	variables	634:642	arg1	chloride					653:660	calcium chloride	645:660	calcium chloride	645:660	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	50	dep	variables	634:642	arg1	sulfate					671:677	ferrous sulfate	663:677	ferrous sulfate	663:677	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	50	dep	variables	634:642	arg1	L-arginine					693:702	L-arginine	693:702	L-arginine	693:702	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	5	50	dep	variables	634:642	arg1	variables					634:642	Four significant variables	617:642	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine)	617:703	Four significant variables (calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, maltose, and L-arginine) were selected for the optimization studies, and constructed via central composite design (CCD).
24724553	1	51	dep	Bacillus	118:125	arg1	subtilis					127:134	subtilis	127:134	subtilis	127:134	Bacillus subtilis HSO121 was previously isolated from the formation water of an oil field and found to produce surfactin lipopeptides.
24724553	7	52	theme	basal	1084:1088	arg1	medium					1090:1095	the unoptimized basal medium	1068:1095	the unoptimized basal medium	1068:1095	An overall 38.06-fold increase in surfactin production yield was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the unoptimized basal medium.
26086434	7	0	theme	maximum	989:995	arg1	capacity					1008:1015	The maximum adsorption capacity	985:1015	The maximum adsorption capacity	985:1015	The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 240.0 mg/g.
26086434	7	0	theme	maximum	989:995	arg1	mg/g					1039:1042	240.0 mg/g	1033:1042	240.0 mg/g	1033:1042	The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 240.0 mg/g.
26086434	1	1	theme	adsorbent	178:186	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	8	2	with	possible	1098:1105	arg1	dosage					1125:1130	an adsorbent dosage	1112:1130	an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L	1112:1141	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	0	3	theme	industrial	56:65	arg1	wastewater					67:76	chlor-alkali industrial wastewater	43:76	chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide	43:102	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	6	4	theme	Hg	956:957	arg1	coverage					944:951	the multilayer coverage	929:951	the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC	929:982	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	6	5	theme	well	852:855	arg1	agreement					857:865	The well agreement	848:865	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model	848:918	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	3	6	theme	optimum	554:560	arg1	pH					562:563	The optimum pH	550:563	The optimum pH for Hg(II) adsorption	550:585	The optimum pH for Hg(II) adsorption was found to be 8.0, and the adsorption attained equilibrium within 60 min.
26086434	3	6	theme	optimum	554:560	arg1	8.0					603:605	8.0	603:605	8.0	603:605	The optimum pH for Hg(II) adsorption was found to be 8.0, and the adsorption attained equilibrium within 60 min.
26086434	10	7	theme	P	1240:1240	arg1	adsorbent					1270:1278	adsorbent	1270:1278	adsorbent	1270:1278	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	7	theme	P	1240:1240	arg1	g-MNCC					1248:1253	P(MB-IA)g-MNCC	1240:1253	P(MB-IA)g-MNCC	1240:1253	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	8	8	theme	g/L	1139:1141	arg1	dosage					1125:1130	an adsorbent dosage	1112:1130	an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L	1112:1141	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	9	9	theme	0.1M	1193:1196	arg1	HCl					1198:1200	0.1M HCl	1193:1200	0.1M HCl	1193:1200	Spent adsorbent was effectively degenerated with 0.1M HCl.
26086434	8	10	theme	Complete	1045:1052	arg1	removal					1054:1060	Complete removal	1045:1060	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution	1045:1092	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	10	11	theme	aqueous	1329:1335	arg1	solutions					1337:1345	aqueous solutions	1329:1345	aqueous solutions	1329:1345	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	12	theme	Hg	1312:1313	arg1	ions					1319:1322	Hg(II) ions	1312:1322	Hg(II) ions	1312:1322	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	1	13	theme	aqueous	365:371	arg1	solutions					373:381	aqueous solutions	365:381	aqueous solutions	365:381	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	8	14	from	solution	1085:1092	arg1	removal					1054:1060	Complete removal	1045:1060	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution	1045:1092	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	0	15	theme	itaconic	113:120	arg1	composite					159:167	itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite	113:167	itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite	113:167	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	6	16	theme	multilayer	933:942	arg1	coverage					944:951	the multilayer coverage	929:951	the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC	929:982	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	6	17	with	agreement	857:865	arg1	model					914:918	Freundlich adsorption model	892:918	Freundlich adsorption model	892:918	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	3	18	theme	Hg	569:570	arg1	adsorption					576:585	Hg(II) adsorption	569:585	Hg(II) adsorption	569:585	The optimum pH for Hg(II) adsorption was found to be 8.0, and the adsorption attained equilibrium within 60 min.
26086434	2	19	theme	infrared	403:410	arg1	spectroscopy					412:423	infrared spectroscopy	403:423	infrared spectroscopy	403:423	Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric studies were performed to characterize the adsorbent.
26086434	4	20	theme	kinetic	667:673	arg1	data					675:678	The kinetic data	663:678	The kinetic data	663:678	The kinetic data were found to follow pseudo-second-order which assumes the ion exchange followed by complexation mechanism.
26086434	2	21	theme	thermogravimetric	478:494	arg1	studies					496:502	thermogravimetric studies	478:502	thermogravimetric studies	478:502	Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric studies were performed to characterize the adsorbent.
26086434	5	22	theme	temperature	792:802	arg1	dependence					804:813	The temperature dependence	788:813	The temperature dependence	788:813	The temperature dependence indicates an exothermic process.
26086434	8	23	theme	adsorbent	1115:1123	arg1	dosage					1125:1130	an adsorbent dosage	1112:1130	an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L	1112:1141	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	1	24	dep	adsorbent	178:186	arg1	modified					209:216	modified	209:216	modified	209:216	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	1	25	theme	itaconic	218:225	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	0	26	theme	Effective	0:8	arg1	removal					10:16	Effective removal	0:16	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide	0:102	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	1	27	theme	mercury	322:328	arg1	[Hg					334:336	mercury(II) [Hg(II)	322:340	mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions	322:346	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	8	28	theme	Hg	1065:1066	arg1	removal					1054:1060	Complete removal	1045:1060	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution	1045:1092	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	1	29	theme	acid-grafted-magnetite	227:248	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	0	30	theme	mercury	21:27	arg1	ions					33:36	mercury(II) ions	21:36	mercury(II) ions	21:36	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	0	31	theme	nanocellulose	145:157	arg1	composite					159:167	itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite	113:167	itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite	113:167	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	10	32	theme	ions	1319:1322	arg1	recovery					1300:1307	recovery	1300:1307	recovery	1300:1307	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	32	theme	ions	1319:1322	arg1	removal					1288:1294	removal	1288:1294	removal	1288:1294	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	4	33	theme	complexation	764:775	arg1	mechanism					777:785	complexation mechanism	764:785	complexation mechanism	764:785	The kinetic data were found to follow pseudo-second-order which assumes the ion exchange followed by complexation mechanism.
26086434	10	34	dep	removal	1288:1294	arg1	the					1284:1286	the	1284:1286	the	1284:1286	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	2	35	theme	scanning	445:452	arg1	microscopy					463:472	scanning electron microscopy	445:472	scanning electron microscopy	445:472	Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric studies were performed to characterize the adsorbent.
26086434	2	36	theme	electron	454:461	arg1	microscopy					463:472	scanning electron microscopy	445:472	scanning electron microscopy	445:472	Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric studies were performed to characterize the adsorbent.
26086434	0	37	theme	acid-grafted-magnetite	122:143	arg1	composite					159:167	itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite	113:167	itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite	113:167	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	0	38	from	wastewater	67:76	arg1	removal					10:16	Effective removal	0:16	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide	0:102	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	1	39	theme	composite	264:272	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	6	40	theme	MB-IA	970:974	arg1	-g-MNCC					976:982	P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC	968:982	P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC	968:982	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	8	41	theme	aqueous	1077:1083	arg1	solution					1085:1092	aqueous solution	1077:1092	aqueous solution	1077:1092	Complete removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution was possible with an adsorbent dosage of 2.0 g/L.
26086434	6	42	theme	adsorption	903:912	arg1	model					914:918	Freundlich adsorption model	892:918	Freundlich adsorption model	892:918	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	1	43	theme	[P	274:275	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	1	44	theme	[Hg	334:336	arg1	ions					343:346	mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions	322:346	mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions	322:346	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	6	45	theme	Freundlich	892:901	arg1	model					914:918	Freundlich adsorption model	892:918	Freundlich adsorption model	892:918	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	2	46	theme	X-ray	426:430	arg1	diffraction					432:442	X-ray diffraction	426:442	X-ray diffraction	426:442	Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric studies were performed to characterize the adsorbent.
26086434	0	47	theme	ions	33:36	arg1	removal					10:16	Effective removal	0:16	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide	0:102	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	6	48	theme	P	968:968	arg1	-g-MNCC					976:982	P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC	968:982	P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC	968:982	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	5	49	theme	exothermic	828:837	arg1	process					839:845	an exothermic process	825:845	an exothermic process	825:845	The temperature dependence indicates an exothermic process.
26086434	6	50	theme	data	882:885	arg1	agreement					857:865	The well agreement	848:865	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model	848:918	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	6	51	theme	equilibrium	870:880	arg1	data					882:885	equilibrium data	870:885	equilibrium data	870:885	The well agreement of equilibrium data with Freundlich adsorption model confirms the multilayer coverage of Hg(II) onto P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC.
26086434	4	52	theme	ion	739:741	arg1	exchange					743:750	the ion exchange	735:750	the ion exchange followed by complexation mechanism	735:785	The kinetic data were found to follow pseudo-second-order which assumes the ion exchange followed by complexation mechanism.
26086434	1	53	theme	MB-IA	277:281	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	7	54	theme	adsorption	997:1006	arg1	capacity					1008:1015	The maximum adsorption capacity	985:1015	The maximum adsorption capacity	985:1015	The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 240.0 mg/g.
26086434	7	54	theme	adsorption	997:1006	arg1	mg/g					1039:1042	240.0 mg/g	1033:1042	240.0 mg/g	1033:1042	The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 240.0 mg/g.
26086434	10	55	theme	present	1207:1213	arg1	investigation					1215:1227	The present investigation	1203:1227	The present investigation	1203:1227	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	56	from	solutions	1337:1345	arg1	recovery					1300:1307	recovery	1300:1307	recovery	1300:1307	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	56	from	solutions	1337:1345	arg1	removal					1288:1294	removal	1288:1294	removal	1288:1294	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	0	57	theme	chlor-alkali	43:54	arg1	wastewater					67:76	chlor-alkali industrial wastewater	43:76	chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide	43:102	Effective removal of mercury(II) ions from chlor-alkali industrial wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite.
26086434	1	58	theme	nanocellulose	250:262	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	1	59	theme	novel	172:176	arg1	-g-MNCC					283:289	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC]	170:290	A novel adsorbent, 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-grafted-magnetite nanocellulose composite [P(MB-IA)-g-MNCC] was synthesized for adsorbing mercury(II) [Hg(II)] ions selectively from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	60	theme	MB-IA	1242:1246	arg1	adsorbent					1270:1278	adsorbent	1270:1278	adsorbent	1270:1278	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
26086434	10	60	theme	MB-IA	1242:1246	arg1	g-MNCC					1248:1253	P(MB-IA)g-MNCC	1240:1253	P(MB-IA)g-MNCC	1240:1253	The present investigation shows that P(MB-IA)g-MNCC is a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
28434219	7	0	theme	nanoprobe-based	1400:1414	arg1	numeration					1420:1429	the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration	1396:1429	the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration	1396:1429	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	6	1	theme	various	1272:1278	arg1	cells					1304:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	6	2	theme	cancer	1297:1302	arg1	cells					1304:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	1	3	theme	conventional	239:250	arg1	identification					256:269	conventional CTC identification	239:269	conventional CTC identification	239:269	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	0	4	theme	Cancer	100:105	arg1	Diagnosis					107:115	Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis	47:115	Diagnosis	107:115	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	3	5	theme	CTCs	669:672	arg1	H2O2					661:664	endogenous H2O2	650:664	endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	650:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	6	6	theme	H2O2	1264:1267	arg1	imaging					1242:1248	imaging	1242:1248	imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells	1242:1308	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	8	7	theme	clinic	1655:1660	arg1	patients					1662:1669	four clinic patients	1650:1669	four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages	1650:1715	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	1	8	theme	CTC	252:254	arg1	identification					256:269	conventional CTC identification	239:269	conventional CTC identification	239:269	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	1	9	theme	surface	342:348	arg1	antigens					350:357	a cell's surface antigens	333:357	a cell's surface antigens	333:357	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	6	10	theme	endogenous	1253:1262	arg1	H2O2					1264:1267	endogenous H2O2	1253:1267	endogenous H2O2	1253:1267	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	4	11	theme	coumarin-benzene	750:765	arg1	Cou-Bpin					795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	11	theme	coumarin-benzene	750:765	arg1	ester					788:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester	736:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin)	736:803	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	12	from	nanoparticles	926:938	arg1	solution					951:958	aqueous solution	943:958	aqueous solution	943:958	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	13	theme	micellar	917:924	arg1	nanoparticles					926:938	micellar nanoparticles	917:938	micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution	917:958	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	3	14	theme	fluorescence	704:715	arg1	emission					717:724	fluorescence emission	704:724	fluorescence emission	704:724	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	4	15	theme	hydrophobic	738:748	arg1	Cou-Bpin					795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	15	theme	hydrophobic	738:748	arg1	ester					788:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester	736:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin)	736:803	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	16	theme	aqueous	943:949	arg1	solution					951:958	aqueous solution	943:958	aqueous solution	943:958	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	7	17	theme	false-negative	1450:1463	arg1	findings					1465:1472	the false-negative findings	1446:1472	the false-negative findings	1446:1472	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	4	18	theme	glycol	834:839	arg1	chitosan					841:848	hydrophilic glycol chitosan	822:848	hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC)	822:853	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	18	theme	glycol	834:839	arg1	GC					851:852	GC	851:852	GC	851:852	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	19	theme	acid	775:778	arg1	Cou-Bpin					795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	19	theme	acid	775:778	arg1	ester					788:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester	736:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin)	736:803	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	8	20	theme	patients	1662:1669	arg1	results					1639:1645	the postoperative pathological results	1608:1645	the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages	1608:1715	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	2	21	theme	high	462:465	arg1	heterogeneity					467:479	high heterogeneity	462:479	high heterogeneity	462:479	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	4	22	theme	boronic	767:773	arg1	Cou-Bpin					795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	22	theme	boronic	767:773	arg1	ester					788:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester	736:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin)	736:803	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	8	23	theme	colorectal	1679:1688	arg1	cancer					1690:1695	colorectal cancer	1679:1695	colorectal cancer	1679:1695	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	8	24	theme	counting	1548:1555	arg1	results					1557:1563	CTC counting results	1544:1563	CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe	1544:1590	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	0	25	theme	Peroxide-Responsive	9:27	arg1	Nanoprobe					29:37	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe	0:37	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe	0:37	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	3	26	theme	novel	558:562	arg1	nanoprobe					592:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe	556:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	556:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	6	27	theme	colorectal	1286:1295	arg1	cells					1304:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	0	28	theme	Hydrogen	0:7	arg1	Nanoprobe					29:37	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe	0:37	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe	0:37	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	7	29	theme	CTC	1416:1418	arg1	numeration					1420:1429	the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration	1396:1429	the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration	1396:1429	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	5	30	theme	detection	1016:1024	arg1	limit					1026:1030	a detection limit	1014:1030	a detection limit of 0.1 μM	1014:1040	This new nanoprobe was highly sensitive to H2O2 with a detection limit of 0.1 μM and could rapidly enter the cells within 30 min.
28434219	1	31	theme	critical	186:193	arg1	role					195:198	a critical role	184:198	a critical role	184:198	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	6	32	theme	luminescent	1189:1199	arg1	characteristics					1201:1215	two-photon luminescent characteristics	1178:1215	two-photon luminescent characteristics	1178:1215	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	2	33	gly	heterogeneity	467:479	arg1	CTCs					528:531	CTCs	528:531	CTCs	528:531	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	2	34	theme	negative	424:431	arg1	results					433:439	false positive or negative results	406:439	false positive or negative results	406:439	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	8	35	theme	clinic	1531:1536	arg1	test					1538:1541	a clinic test	1529:1541	a clinic test	1529:1541	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	3	36	theme	high	636:639	arg1	level					641:645	the high level	632:645	the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	632:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	7	37	theme	counting	1380:1387	arg1	assay					1389:1393	a conventional CTC counting assay	1361:1393	a conventional CTC counting assay	1361:1393	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	2	38	theme	positive	412:419	arg1	results					433:439	false positive or negative results	406:439	false positive or negative results	406:439	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	0	39	theme	Tumor	59:63	arg1	Identification					70:83	Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis	47:115	Identification	70:83	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	8	40	theme	new	1578:1580	arg1	nanoprobe					1582:1590	the new nanoprobe	1574:1590	the new nanoprobe	1574:1590	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	1	41	theme	cancer	203:208	arg1	diagnosis					210:218	cancer diagnosis	203:218	cancer diagnosis	203:218	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	3	42	theme	detecting	582:590	arg1	nanoprobe					592:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe	556:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	556:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	8	43	theme	different	1700:1708	arg1	stages					1710:1715	different stages	1700:1715	different stages	1700:1715	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	2	44	theme	false	406:410	arg1	results					433:439	false positive or negative results	406:439	false positive or negative results	406:439	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	0	45	theme	Circulating	47:57	arg1	Identification					70:83	Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis	47:115	Identification	70:83	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	1	46	theme	specific	297:304	arg1	antibodies					306:315	specific antibodies	297:315	specific antibodies	297:315	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	2	47	theme	CTCs	528:531	arg1	EMT					520:522	EMT	520:522	EMT	520:522	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	2	47	theme	CTCs	528:531	arg1	heterogeneity					467:479	high heterogeneity	462:479	high heterogeneity	462:479	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	2	47	theme	CTCs	528:531	arg1	transition					508:517	epithelial-mesenchymal transition	485:517	epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)	485:523	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	7	48	theme	conventional	1363:1374	arg1	assay					1389:1393	a conventional CTC counting assay	1361:1393	a conventional CTC counting assay	1361:1393	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	8	49	contain	had	1675:1677	arg1	patients					1662:1669	four clinic patients	1650:1669	four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages	1650:1715	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	8	49	contain	had	1675:1677	arg2	cancer					1690:1695	colorectal cancer	1679:1695	colorectal cancer	1679:1695	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	5	50	theme	μM	1039:1040	arg1	limit					1026:1030	a detection limit	1014:1030	a detection limit of 0.1 μM	1014:1040	This new nanoprobe was highly sensitive to H2O2 with a detection limit of 0.1 μM and could rapidly enter the cells within 30 min.
28434219	4	51	theme	amphiphilic	866:876	arg1	molecule					878:885	an amphiphilic molecule	863:885	an amphiphilic molecule	863:885	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	5	52	with	sensitive	991:999	arg1	limit					1026:1030	a detection limit	1014:1030	a detection limit of 0.1 μM	1014:1040	This new nanoprobe was highly sensitive to H2O2 with a detection limit of 0.1 μM and could rapidly enter the cells within 30 min.
28434219	3	53	theme	effective	568:576	arg1	nanoprobe					592:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe	556:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	556:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	0	54	theme	Cell	65:68	arg1	Identification					70:83	Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis	47:115	Identification	70:83	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	4	55	theme	hydrophilic	822:832	arg1	chitosan					841:848	hydrophilic glycol chitosan	822:848	hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC)	822:853	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	55	theme	hydrophilic	822:832	arg1	GC					851:852	GC	851:852	GC	851:852	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	2	56	dep	heterogeneity	467:479	arg1	the					458:460	the	458:460	the	458:460	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	3	57	theme	H2O2	661:664	arg1	level					641:645	the high level	632:645	the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	632:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	3	58	theme	CTC	578:580	arg1	nanoprobe					592:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe	556:600	a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	556:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	8	59	theme	CTC	1544:1546	arg1	results					1557:1563	CTC counting results	1544:1563	CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe	1544:1590	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	6	60	theme	human	1280:1284	arg1	cells					1304:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	various human colorectal cancer cells	1272:1308	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	7	61	theme	cytokeratin	1503:1513	arg1	expression					1489:1498	the low expression	1481:1498	the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19)	1481:1523	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	6	62	theme	two-photon	1178:1187	arg1	characteristics					1201:1215	two-photon luminescent characteristics	1178:1215	two-photon luminescent characteristics	1178:1215	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	7	63	theme	CTC	1376:1378	arg1	assay					1389:1393	a conventional CTC counting assay	1361:1393	a conventional CTC counting assay	1361:1393	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	6	64	theme	cells	1304:1308	arg1	imaging					1242:1248	imaging	1242:1248	imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells	1242:1308	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	5	65	theme	new	966:968	arg1	nanoprobe					970:978	This new nanoprobe	961:978	This new nanoprobe	961:978	This new nanoprobe was highly sensitive to H2O2 with a detection limit of 0.1 μM and could rapidly enter the cells within 30 min.
28434219	7	66	theme	low	1485:1487	arg1	expression					1489:1498	the low expression	1481:1498	the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19)	1481:1523	Compared to a conventional CTC counting assay, the nanoprobe-based CTC numeration could overcome the false-negative findings due to the low expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19).
28434219	4	67	theme	pinacol	780:786	arg1	Cou-Bpin					795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Cou-Bpin	795:802	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	4	67	theme	pinacol	780:786	arg1	ester					788:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester	736:792	a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin)	736:803	Briefly, a hydrophobic coumarin-benzene boronic acid pinacol ester (Cou-Bpin) was grafted onto hydrophilic glycol chitosan (GC) to form an amphiphilic molecule, which further assembled into micellar nanoparticles in aqueous solution.
28434219	1	68	theme	circulating	147:157	arg1	cells					165:169	circulating tumor cells	147:169	circulating tumor cells (CTCs)	147:176	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	1	68	theme	circulating	147:157	arg1	CTCs					172:175	CTCs	172:175	CTCs	172:175	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	8	69	theme	pathological	1626:1637	arg1	results					1639:1645	the postoperative pathological results	1608:1645	the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages	1608:1715	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	0	70	theme	Colorectal	89:98	arg1	Diagnosis					107:115	Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis	47:115	Diagnosis	107:115	Hydrogen Peroxide-Responsive Nanoprobe Assists Circulating Tumor Cell Identification and Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis.
28434219	3	71	theme	endogenous	650:659	arg1	H2O2					661:664	endogenous H2O2	650:664	endogenous H2O2 of CTCs	650:672	Herein we demonstrate a novel and effective CTC detecting nanoprobe that could rapidly respond to the high level of endogenous H2O2 of CTCs and report the signal through fluorescence emission.
28434219	1	72	theme	tumor	159:163	arg1	cells					165:169	circulating tumor cells	147:169	circulating tumor cells (CTCs)	147:176	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	1	72	theme	tumor	159:163	arg1	CTCs					172:175	CTCs	172:175	CTCs	172:175	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	8	73	theme	postoperative	1612:1624	arg1	results					1639:1645	the postoperative pathological results	1608:1645	the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages	1608:1715	In a clinic test, CTC counting results based on the new nanoprobe match better to the postoperative pathological results of four clinic patients who had colorectal cancer at different stages.
28434219	6	74	theme	intracellular	1108:1120	arg1	H2O2					1122:1125	intracellular H2O2	1108:1125	intracellular H2O2	1108:1125	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	2	75	theme	epithelial-mesenchymal	485:506	arg1	EMT					520:522	EMT	520:522	EMT	520:522	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	2	75	theme	epithelial-mesenchymal	485:506	arg1	transition					508:517	epithelial-mesenchymal transition	485:517	epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)	485:523	Importantly, false positive or negative results may occur due to the high heterogeneity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CTCs.
28434219	6	76	theme	remarkable	1152:1161	arg1	one-photon					1163:1172	remarkable one-photon	1152:1172	remarkable one-photon	1152:1172	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28434219	1	77	theme	cells	165:169	arg1	numeration					133:142	numeration	133:142	numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs)	133:176	In the clinic, numeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a critical role in cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional CTC identification and counting that rely on specific antibodies to characterize a cell's surface antigens are costive and with limitations.
28434219	6	78	theme	CTCs	1343:1346	arg1	identification					1325:1338	the identification	1321:1338	the identification of CTCs	1321:1346	Upon exposure to intracellular H2O2, the nanoprobe exhibited remarkable one-photon and two-photon luminescent characteristics, which were suitable for imaging of endogenous H2O2 of various human colorectal cancer cells and assist the identification of CTCs.
28260782	0	0	theme	GDSL	76:79	arg1	esterase					81:88	a GDSL esterase	74:88	a GDSL esterase	74:88	Control of secondary cell wall patterning involves xylan deacetylation by a GDSL esterase.
28260782	1	1	theme	polymers	145:152	arg1	modification					119:130	a ubiquitous modification	106:130	a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers	106:152	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	1	1	theme	polymers	145:152	arg1	O-acetylation					91:103	O-acetylation	91:103	O-acetylation	91:103	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	4	2	theme	detailed	534:541	arg1	characterization					559:574	detailed xylan structure characterization	534:574	detailed xylan structure characterization	534:574	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	3	from	characterization	559:574	arg1	sugars					630:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	3	from	characterization	559:574	arg1	xylooligosaccharides					641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	5	4	theme	acetylation	865:875	arg1	level					877:881	proper acetylation level	858:881	proper acetylation level	858:881	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	1	5	contain	has	155:157	arg1	modification					119:130	a ubiquitous modification	106:130	a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers	106:152	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	1	5	contain	has	155:157	arg1	O-acetylation					91:103	O-acetylation	91:103	O-acetylation	91:103	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	1	5	contain	has	155:157	arg2	impacts					168:174	striking impacts	159:174	striking impacts	159:174	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	3	6	theme	hemicellulose	490:502	arg1	xylan					504:508	the prominent hemicellulose xylan	476:508	the prominent hemicellulose xylan	476:508	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	4	7	theme	structure	549:557	arg1	characterization					559:574	detailed xylan structure characterization	534:574	detailed xylan structure characterization	534:574	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	8	theme	xylan	736:740	arg1	backbone					742:749	the xylan backbone	732:749	the xylan backbone	732:749	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	9	from	backbone	742:749	arg1	moieties					718:725	acetyl moieties	711:725	acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone	711:749	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	3	10	theme	GDSL	444:447	arg1	esterase					449:456	a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase	426:456	a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan	426:508	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	4	11	theme	xylan	543:547	arg1	characterization					559:574	detailed xylan structure characterization	534:574	detailed xylan structure characterization	534:574	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	6	12	theme	surmisable	1102:1111	arg1	activities					1113:1122	surmisable activities	1102:1122	surmisable activities	1102:1122	Our findings outline a mechanism for how plants modulate wall acetylation and endow a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities.
28260782	4	13	theme	O-2	754:756	arg1	positions					766:774	O-2 and O-3 positions	754:774	positions	766:774	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	5	14	from	maintenance	843:853	arg1	crucial					915:921	crucial	915:921	crucial	915:921	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	5	14	from	maintenance	843:853	arg1	backbone					896:903	the xylan backbone	886:903	the xylan backbone	886:903	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	5	15	theme	level	877:881	arg1	maintenance					843:853	the maintenance	839:853	the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning	839:965	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	0	16	theme	patterning	31:40	arg1	Control					0:6	Control	0:6	Control of secondary cell wall patterning	0:40	Control of secondary cell wall patterning involves xylan deacetylation by a GDSL esterase.
28260782	3	17	from	lesion	416:421	arg1	esterase					449:456	a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase	426:456	a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan	426:508	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	3	18	theme	prominent	480:488	arg1	xylan					504:508	the prominent hemicellulose xylan	476:508	the prominent hemicellulose xylan	476:508	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	1	19	theme	striking	159:166	arg1	impacts					168:174	striking impacts	159:174	striking impacts	159:174	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	4	20	from	composition	521:531	arg1	sugars					630:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	20	from	composition	521:531	arg1	xylooligosaccharides					641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	21	theme	wall	516:519	arg1	composition					521:531	Cell wall composition	511:531	Cell wall composition	511:531	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	22	theme	Cell	511:514	arg1	composition					521:531	Cell wall composition	511:531	Cell wall composition	511:531	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	23	theme	acetyl	711:716	arg1	moieties					718:725	acetyl moieties	711:725	acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone	711:749	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	3	24	theme	bs1	386:388	arg1	mutant					391:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	0	25	theme	cell	21:24	arg1	patterning					31:40	secondary cell wall patterning	11:40	secondary cell wall patterning	11:40	Control of secondary cell wall patterning involves xylan deacetylation by a GDSL esterase.
28260782	4	26	from	assays	609:614	arg1	sugars					630:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	26	from	assays	609:614	arg1	xylooligosaccharides					641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	1	27	theme	plant	179:183	arg1	growth					185:190	plant growth	179:190	plant growth	179:190	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	0	28	theme	secondary	11:19	arg1	patterning					31:40	secondary cell wall patterning	11:40	secondary cell wall patterning	11:40	Control of secondary cell wall patterning involves xylan deacetylation by a GDSL esterase.
28260782	5	29	theme	wall	937:940	arg1	formation					942:950	secondary wall formation	927:950	secondary wall formation	927:950	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	3	30	theme	Golgi-localized	428:442	arg1	esterase					449:456	a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase	426:456	a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan	426:508	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	6	31	theme	uncharacterized	1066:1080	arg1	esterases					1087:1095	uncharacterized GDSL esterases	1066:1095	uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities	1066:1122	Our findings outline a mechanism for how plants modulate wall acetylation and endow a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities.
28260782	3	32	theme	leaf	372:375	arg1	mutant					391:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	2	33	theme	wall	310:313	arg1	acetylation					315:325	cell wall acetylation	305:325	cell wall acetylation	305:325	However, the mechanisms that underpin the control of cell wall acetylation remain elusive.
28260782	4	34	theme	residues	793:800	arg1	positions					766:774	O-2 and O-3 positions	754:774	positions	766:774	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	6	35	theme	wall	1025:1028	arg1	acetylation					1030:1040	wall acetylation	1025:1040	wall acetylation	1025:1040	Our findings outline a mechanism for how plants modulate wall acetylation and endow a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities.
28260782	0	36	theme	wall	26:29	arg1	patterning					31:40	secondary cell wall patterning	11:40	secondary cell wall patterning	11:40	Control of secondary cell wall patterning involves xylan deacetylation by a GDSL esterase.
28260782	3	37	theme	sheath1	377:383	arg1	mutant					391:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	4	38	theme	xylopyranosyl	779:791	arg1	residues					793:800	xylopyranosyl residues	779:800	xylopyranosyl residues	779:800	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	1	39	theme	biomass	196:202	arg1	utilization					204:214	biomass utilization	196:214	biomass utilization	196:214	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	0	40	theme	xylan	51:55	arg1	deacetylation					57:69	xylan deacetylation	51:69	xylan deacetylation	51:69	Control of secondary cell wall patterning involves xylan deacetylation by a GDSL esterase.
28260782	3	41	contain	contains	405:412	arg2	lesion					416:421	a lesion	414:421	a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan	414:508	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	3	41	contain	contains	405:412	arg1	mutant					391:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	5	42	theme	secondary	927:935	arg1	formation					942:950	secondary wall formation	927:950	secondary wall formation	927:950	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	6	43	theme	esterases	1087:1095	arg1	plethora					1054:1061	a plethora	1052:1061	a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities	1052:1122	Our findings outline a mechanism for how plants modulate wall acetylation and endow a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities.
28260782	2	44	theme	acetylation	315:325	arg1	control					294:300	the control	290:300	the control of cell wall acetylation	290:325	However, the mechanisms that underpin the control of cell wall acetylation remain elusive.
28260782	3	45	theme	brittle	364:370	arg1	mutant					391:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	1	46	theme	ubiquitous	108:117	arg1	modification					119:130	a ubiquitous modification	106:130	a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers	106:152	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	1	46	theme	ubiquitous	108:117	arg1	O-acetylation					91:103	O-acetylation	91:103	O-acetylation	91:103	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	4	47	theme	O-3	762:764	arg1	positions					766:774	O-2 and O-3 positions	754:774	positions	766:774	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	2	48	theme	cell	305:308	arg1	acetylation					315:325	cell wall acetylation	305:325	cell wall acetylation	305:325	However, the mechanisms that underpin the control of cell wall acetylation remain elusive.
28260782	6	49	theme	GDSL	1082:1085	arg1	esterases					1087:1095	uncharacterized GDSL esterases	1066:1095	uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities	1066:1122	Our findings outline a mechanism for how plants modulate wall acetylation and endow a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities.
28260782	5	50	theme	proper	858:863	arg1	level					877:881	proper acetylation level	858:881	proper acetylation level	858:881	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	5	51	theme	xylan	890:894	arg1	crucial					915:921	crucial	915:921	crucial	915:921	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	5	51	theme	xylan	890:894	arg1	backbone					896:903	the xylan backbone	886:903	the xylan backbone	886:903	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	4	52	from	kinetics	587:594	arg1	sugars					630:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	4	52	from	kinetics	587:594	arg1	xylooligosaccharides					641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	xylooligosaccharides	641:660	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	5	53	theme	important	821:829	arg1	role					831:834	an important role	818:834	an important role	818:834	BS1 thus plays an important role in the maintenance of proper acetylation level on the xylan backbone, which is crucial for secondary wall formation and patterning.
28260782	4	54	theme	activity	600:607	arg1	assays					609:614	activity assays	600:614	activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides	600:660	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	1	55	theme	cell	135:138	arg1	polymers					145:152	cell wall polymers	135:152	cell wall polymers	135:152	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	4	56	theme	acetylated	619:628	arg1	sugars					630:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	acetylated sugars	619:635	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
28260782	3	57	theme	rice	359:362	arg1	mutant					391:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant	357:396	Here, we show a rice brittle leaf sheath1 (bs1) mutant, which contains a lesion in a Golgi-localized GDSL esterase that deacetylates the prominent hemicellulose xylan.
28260782	6	58	with	esterases	1087:1095	arg1	activities					1113:1122	surmisable activities	1102:1122	surmisable activities	1102:1122	Our findings outline a mechanism for how plants modulate wall acetylation and endow a plethora of uncharacterized GDSL esterases with surmisable activities.
28260782	1	59	theme	wall	140:143	arg1	polymers					145:152	cell wall polymers	135:152	cell wall polymers	135:152	O-acetylation, a ubiquitous modification of cell wall polymers, has striking impacts on plant growth and biomass utilization and needs to be tightly controlled.
28260782	4	60	theme	enzyme	580:585	arg1	kinetics					587:594	enzyme kinetics	580:594	enzyme kinetics	580:594	Cell wall composition, detailed xylan structure characterization and enzyme kinetics and activity assays on acetylated sugars and xylooligosaccharides demonstrate that BS1 is an esterase that cleaves acetyl moieties from the xylan backbone at O-2 and O-3 positions of xylopyranosyl residues.
27560287	0	0	theme	Ethanol/Water	67:79	arg1	Mixtures					81:88	Ethanol/Water Mixtures	67:88	Ethanol/Water Mixtures	67:88	From Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst.
27560287	3	1	theme	undesired	970:978	arg1	molecules					985:993	undesired side molecules	970:993	undesired side molecules	970:993	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	1	2	theme	barley	171:176	arg1	straw					178:182	barley straw	171:182	barley straw	171:182	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	3	3	theme	solvent/water	787:799	arg1	ratio					801:805	solvent/water ratio	787:805	solvent/water ratio	787:805	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	1	4	theme	heterogeneous	262:274	arg1	catalyst					276:283	a heterogeneous catalyst	260:283	a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	260:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	5	from	ruthenium	296:304	arg1	Ru-W/AC					340:346	Ru-W/AC	340:346	Ru-W/AC	340:346	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	5	from	ruthenium	296:304	arg1	carbon					332:337	activated carbon	322:337	activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	322:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	6	theme	potential	354:362	arg1	pathway					364:370	a potential pathway	352:370	a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery	352:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	6	theme	potential	354:362	arg1	fractionation					154:166	Organosolv fractionation	143:166	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	143:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	2	7	theme	barley	598:603	arg1	pulp					605:608	organosolv barley pulp	587:608	organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour	587:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	1	8	theme	straw	178:182	arg1	pathway					364:370	a potential pathway	352:370	a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery	352:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	8	theme	straw	178:182	arg1	fractionation					154:166	Organosolv fractionation	143:166	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	143:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	9	from	feedstock	428:436	arg1	biorefinery					450:460	a future biorefinery	441:460	a future biorefinery	441:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	9	from	feedstock	428:436	arg1	chemicals					392:400	valuable chemicals	383:400	valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery	383:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	2	10	theme	organosolv	587:596	arg1	pulp					605:608	organosolv barley pulp	587:608	organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour	587:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	4	11	theme	organosolv	1017:1026	arg1	conditions					1041:1050	the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions	1005:1050	the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw	1005:1060	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	2	12	theme	ethanol/water	637:649	arg1	solution					651:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution	624:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour	624:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	3	13	theme	reaction	808:815	arg1	temperature					817:827	reaction temperature	808:827	reaction temperature	808:827	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	2	14	theme	50:50 wt 	626:634	arg1	%					635:635	%	635:635	%	635:635	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	2	15	theme	%	635:635	arg1	solution					651:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution	624:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour	624:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	1	16	theme	valuable	383:390	arg1	chemicals					392:400	valuable chemicals	383:400	valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery	383:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	2	17	theme	processing	676:685	arg1	time					687:690	a processing time	674:690	a processing time of one hour	674:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	2	18	from	time	687:690	arg1	solution					651:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution	624:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour	624:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	0	19	theme	Barley	5:10	arg1	Straw					12:16	Barley Straw	5:16	Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst	5:140	From Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst.
27560287	3	20	from	influence	735:743	arg1	distribution					885:896	product distribution	877:896	product distribution	877:896	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	3	20	from	influence	735:743	arg1	composition					861:871	pulp composition	856:871	pulp composition	856:871	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	3	21	theme	product	877:883	arg1	distribution					885:896	product distribution	877:896	product distribution	877:896	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	4	22	theme	optimal	1009:1015	arg1	conditions					1041:1050	the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions	1005:1050	the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw	1005:1060	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	1	23	from	tungsten	310:317	arg1	Ru-W/AC					340:346	Ru-W/AC	340:346	Ru-W/AC	340:346	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	23	from	tungsten	310:317	arg1	carbon					332:337	activated carbon	322:337	activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	322:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	4	24	theme	hemp	1159:1162	arg1	shives					1164:1169	hemp shives	1159:1169	hemp shives	1159:1169	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	3	25	theme	hydrogenolysis	918:931	arg1	reaction					933:940	the hydrogenolysis reaction	914:940	the hydrogenolysis reaction	914:940	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	1	26	theme	hydrogenolysis	198:211	arg1	reaction					213:220	a hydrogenolysis reaction	196:220	a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp	196:253	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	2	27	theme	high	562:565	arg1	yield					567:571	a very high yield	555:571	a very high yield of 70 %	555:579	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	3	28	dep	composition	861:871	arg1	the					852:854	the	852:854	the	852:854	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	4	29	theme	pretreatment	1028:1039	arg1	conditions					1041:1050	the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions	1005:1050	the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw	1005:1060	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	0	30	theme	Ruthenium-Tungsten	114:131	arg1	Catalyst					133:140	Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst	114:140	Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst	114:140	From Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst.
27560287	4	31	theme	bamboo	1140:1145	arg1	foliage					1147:1153	bamboo foliage	1140:1153	bamboo foliage	1140:1153	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	2	32	theme	propylene	497:505	arg1	glycol					507:512	propylene glycol	497:512	propylene glycol	497:512	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	1	33	theme	activated	322:330	arg1	Ru-W/AC					340:346	Ru-W/AC	340:346	Ru-W/AC	340:346	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	33	theme	activated	322:330	arg1	carbon					332:337	activated carbon	322:337	activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	322:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	34	theme	lignocellulose-based	407:426	arg1	feedstock					428:436	lignocellulose-based feedstock	407:436	lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery	407:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	4	35	theme	other	1095:1099	arg1	feedstock					1122:1130	other lignocellulose-based feedstock	1095:1130	other lignocellulose-based feedstock	1095:1130	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	0	36	theme	Valuable	21:28	arg1	Polyols					30:36	Valuable Polyols	21:36	Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst	21:140	From Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst.
27560287	3	37	theme	parameters	769:778	arg1	influence					735:743	the influence	731:743	the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction	731:940	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	2	38	theme	hour	699:702	arg1	time					687:690	a processing time	674:690	a processing time of one hour	674:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	2	38	theme	hour	699:702	arg1	200 °C					663:668	200 °C	663:668	200 °C	663:668	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	1	39	theme	resulting	229:237	arg1	pulp					250:253	the resulting organosolv pulp	225:253	the resulting organosolv pulp	225:253	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	2	40	theme	%	579:579	arg1	yield					567:571	a very high yield	555:571	a very high yield of 70 %	555:579	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	3	41	dep	ratio	801:805	arg1	e.g.					781:784	e.g.	781:784	e.g.	781:784	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	0	42	dep	Polyols	30:36	arg1	Process					53:59	A Sustainable Process	39:59	Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst	21:140	From Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst.
27560287	2	43	theme	ethylene	480:487	arg1	glycol					489:494	ethylene glycol	480:494	ethylene glycol	480:494	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	3	44	theme	several	748:754	arg1	parameters					769:778	several pretreatment parameters	748:778	several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time)	748:847	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	3	45	theme	pretreatment	756:767	arg1	parameters					769:778	several pretreatment parameters	748:778	several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time)	748:847	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	1	46	theme	future	443:448	arg1	biorefinery					450:460	a future biorefinery	441:460	a future biorefinery	441:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	47	theme	organosolv	239:248	arg1	pulp					250:253	the resulting organosolv pulp	225:253	the resulting organosolv pulp	225:253	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	48	contain	containing	285:294	arg2	ruthenium					296:304	ruthenium	296:304	ruthenium	296:304	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	48	contain	containing	285:294	arg1	catalyst					276:283	a heterogeneous catalyst	260:283	a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	260:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	48	contain	containing	285:294	arg2	tungsten					310:317	tungsten	310:317	tungsten	310:317	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	3	49	theme	side	980:983	arg1	molecules					985:993	undesired side molecules	970:993	undesired side molecules	970:993	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	1	50	theme	Organosolv	143:152	arg1	pathway					364:370	a potential pathway	352:370	a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery	352:460	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	1	50	theme	Organosolv	143:152	arg1	fractionation					154:166	Organosolv fractionation	143:166	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC)	143:347	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	4	51	theme	lignocellulose-based	1101:1120	arg1	feedstock					1122:1130	other lignocellulose-based feedstock	1095:1130	other lignocellulose-based feedstock	1095:1130	Finally, the optimal organosolv pretreatment conditions for straw were successfully transferred to other lignocellulose-based feedstock, namely bamboo foliage and hemp shives.
27560287	1	52	theme	pulp	250:253	arg1	reaction					213:220	a hydrogenolysis reaction	196:220	a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp	196:253	Organosolv fractionation of barley straw followed by a hydrogenolysis reaction of the resulting organosolv pulp over a heterogeneous catalyst containing ruthenium and tungsten on activated carbon (Ru-W/AC) is a potential pathway to produce valuable chemicals from lignocellulose-based feedstock in a future biorefinery.
27560287	3	53	theme	molecules	985:993	arg1	production					956:965	the production	952:965	the production of undesired side molecules	952:993	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	3	54	theme	reaction	834:841	arg1	time					843:846	reaction time	834:846	reaction time	834:846	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
27560287	0	55	theme	Sustainable	41:51	arg1	Process					53:59	A Sustainable Process	39:59	Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst	21:140	From Barley Straw to Valuable Polyols: A Sustainable Process Using Ethanol/Water Mixtures and Hydrogenolysis over Ruthenium-Tungsten Catalyst.
27560287	2	56	from	200 °C	663:668	arg1	solution					651:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution	624:658	a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour	624:702	Polyols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or 1,2-butanediol, can be obtained with a very high yield of 70 % using organosolv barley pulp pretreated in a 50:50 wt % ethanol/water solution at 200 °C and a processing time of one hour.
27560287	3	57	theme	pulp	856:859	arg1	composition					861:871	pulp composition	856:871	pulp composition	856:871	Moreover, we investigated the influence of several pretreatment parameters (e.g., solvent/water ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time) on the pulp composition and product distribution obtained during the hydrogenolysis reaction to reduce the production of undesired side molecules.
25473280	11	0	theme	theranostic	1655:1665	arg1	applications					1667:1678	theranostic applications	1655:1678	theranostic applications	1655:1678	Altogether, our results revealed the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines and support their use for theranostic applications.
25473280	7	1	theme	cell	1107:1110	arg1	survival					1112:1119	cell survival	1107:1119	cell survival	1107:1119	Biocompatibility and safety of Au-NPs were demonstrated by analyzing cell survival and cell morphology.
25473280	6	2	theme	cell	980:983	arg1	lines					985:989	human cell lines	974:989	human cell lines	974:989	The three types of Au-NPs were internalized in human cell lines, as shown by transmission electron microscopy.
25473280	11	3	from	safety	1578:1583	arg1	lines					1623:1627	human cell lines	1612:1627	human cell lines	1612:1627	Altogether, our results revealed the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines and support their use for theranostic applications.
25473280	10	4	theme	apolipoproteins	1450:1464	arg1	composition					1408:1418	composition	1408:1418	composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins	1408:1464	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	2	5	theme	laser	354:358	arg1	ablation					360:367	laser ablation	354:367	laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions	354:402	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	8	6	theme	physicochemical	1236:1250	arg1	characteristics					1252:1266	their physicochemical characteristics	1230:1266	their physicochemical characteristics	1230:1266	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	8	6	theme	physicochemical	1236:1250	arg1	charge					1294:1299	the charge	1290:1299	the charge	1290:1299	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	8	6	theme	physicochemical	1236:1250	arg1	size					1281:1284	the size	1277:1284	the size	1277:1284	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	6	7	theme	human	974:978	arg1	lines					985:989	human cell lines	974:989	human cell lines	974:989	The three types of Au-NPs were internalized in human cell lines, as shown by transmission electron microscopy.
25473280	0	8	theme	safety	96:101	arg1	assessment					82:91	assessment	82:91	aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	49:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	3	9	theme	Au-NPs	572:577	arg1	development					543:553	development	543:553	development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications	543:609	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	10	10	theme	proteins	1437:1444	arg1	composition					1408:1418	composition	1408:1418	composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins	1408:1464	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	4	11	from	uptake	659:664	arg1	lines					772:776	human cell lines	761:776	human cell lines	761:776	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	5	12	theme	dextran	908:914	arg1	solutions					916:924	dextran solutions	908:924	dextran solutions	908:924	Our results showed that laser ablation allows the obtaining of stable and monodisperse Au-NPs in water, polyethylene glycol, and dextran solutions.
25473280	0	13	theme	biological	107:116	arg1	identity					118:125	biological identity	107:125	biological identity	107:125	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	10	14	theme	dextran	1486:1492	arg1	solution					1494:1501	dextran solution	1486:1501	dextran solution	1486:1501	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	6	15	theme	electron	1017:1024	arg1	microscopy					1026:1035	transmission electron microscopy	1004:1035	transmission electron microscopy	1004:1035	The three types of Au-NPs were internalized in human cell lines, as shown by transmission electron microscopy.
25473280	4	16	theme	cell	767:770	arg1	lines					772:776	human cell lines	761:776	human cell lines	761:776	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	5	17	theme	monodisperse	853:864	arg1	Au-NPs					866:871	stable and monodisperse Au-NPs	842:871	stable and monodisperse Au-NPs	842:871	Our results showed that laser ablation allows the obtaining of stable and monodisperse Au-NPs in water, polyethylene glycol, and dextran solutions.
25473280	3	18	dep	in	590:591	arg1	vivo					593:596	vivo	593:596	vivo	593:596	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	0	19	from	ablation	37:44	arg1	solutions					71:79	aqueous biocompatible solutions	49:79	aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	49:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	2	20	from	ablation	360:367	arg1	solutions					394:402	aqueous biocompatible solutions	372:402	aqueous biocompatible solutions	372:402	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	4	21	theme	human	761:765	arg1	lines					772:776	human cell lines	761:776	human cell lines	761:776	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	4	22	from	safety	651:656	arg1	lines					772:776	human cell lines	761:776	human cell lines	761:776	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	2	23	theme	toxic	480:484	arg1	contaminant					486:496	any residual toxic contaminant	467:496	any residual toxic contaminant	467:496	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	10	24	theme	C3	1434:1435	arg1	proteins					1437:1444	complement C3 proteins	1423:1444	complement C3 proteins	1423:1444	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	10	25	theme	complement	1423:1432	arg1	proteins					1437:1444	complement C3 proteins	1423:1444	complement C3 proteins	1423:1444	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	4	26	theme	polymer	740:746	arg1	solutions					748:756	polymer solutions	740:756	polymer solutions	740:756	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	1	27	theme	chemical	193:200	arg1	stability					202:210	chemical stability	193:210	chemical stability	193:210	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	0	28	theme	Gold	0:3	arg1	nanoparticles					5:17	Gold nanoparticles	0:17	Gold nanoparticles	0:17	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	9	29	theme	protein	1325:1331	arg1	corona					1333:1338	the protein corona	1321:1338	the protein corona adsorbed on Au-NPs	1321:1357	The composition of the protein corona adsorbed on Au-NPs was investigated by mass spectrometry.
25473280	1	30	from	focus	283:287	arg1	nanomedicine					321:332	nanomedicine	321:332	nanomedicine	321:332	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	5	31	theme	stable	842:847	arg1	Au-NPs					866:871	stable and monodisperse Au-NPs	842:871	stable and monodisperse Au-NPs	842:871	Our results showed that laser ablation allows the obtaining of stable and monodisperse Au-NPs in water, polyethylene glycol, and dextran solutions.
25473280	3	32	theme	future	583:588	arg1	applications					598:609	future in vivo applications	583:609	future in vivo applications	583:609	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	2	33	theme	biocompatible	380:392	arg1	solutions					394:402	aqueous biocompatible solutions	372:402	aqueous biocompatible solutions	372:402	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	5	34	theme	laser	803:807	arg1	ablation					809:816	laser ablation	803:816	laser ablation	803:816	Our results showed that laser ablation allows the obtaining of stable and monodisperse Au-NPs in water, polyethylene glycol, and dextran solutions.
25473280	6	35	theme	Au-NPs	946:951	arg1	types					937:941	The three types	927:941	The three types of Au-NPs	927:951	The three types of Au-NPs were internalized in human cell lines, as shown by transmission electron microscopy.
25473280	0	36	dep	solutions	71:79	arg1	assessment					82:91	assessment	82:91	aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	49:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	8	37	theme	Au-NPs	1179:1184	arg1	incubation					1155:1164	incubation	1155:1164	incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium	1155:1219	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	0	38	theme	identity	118:125	arg1	assessment					82:91	assessment	82:91	aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	49:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	1	39	theme	excellent	165:173	arg1	biocompatibility					175:190	excellent biocompatibility	165:190	excellent biocompatibility	165:190	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	2	40	theme	residual	471:478	arg1	contaminant					486:496	any residual toxic contaminant	467:496	any residual toxic contaminant	467:496	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	4	41	theme	study	627:631	arg1	aim					616:618	The aim	612:618	The aim of the study	612:631	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	8	42	theme	culture	1206:1212	arg1	medium					1214:1219	serum-containing culture medium	1189:1219	serum-containing culture medium	1189:1219	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	1	43	theme	research	292:299	arg1	nanoparticles					252:264	gold nanoparticles	247:264	gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs)	247:273	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	1	43	theme	research	292:299	arg1	focus					283:287	the focus	279:287	the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine	279:332	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	4	44	theme	biological	671:680	arg1	behavior					682:689	biological behavior	671:689	biological behavior	671:689	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	1	45	theme	promising	217:225	arg1	properties					235:244	promising optical properties	217:244	promising optical properties	217:244	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	2	46	theme	novel	427:431	arg1	object					433:438	an essentially novel object	412:438	an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant	412:496	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	2	46	theme	novel	427:431	arg1	unique					448:453	unique	448:453	unique	448:453	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	0	47	theme	laser	31:35	arg1	ablation					37:44	laser ablation	31:44	laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	31:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	0	48	theme	nanomedicine	131:142	arg1	applications					144:155	nanomedicine applications	131:155	nanomedicine applications	131:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	1	49	theme	optical	227:233	arg1	properties					235:244	promising optical properties	217:244	promising optical properties	217:244	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	0	50	theme	aqueous	49:55	arg1	solutions					71:79	aqueous biocompatible solutions	49:79	aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	49:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	1	51	theme	applications	305:316	arg1	nanoparticles					252:264	gold nanoparticles	247:264	gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs)	247:273	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	1	51	theme	applications	305:316	arg1	focus					283:287	the focus	279:287	the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine	279:332	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	8	52	theme	serum-containing	1189:1204	arg1	medium					1214:1219	serum-containing culture medium	1189:1219	serum-containing culture medium	1189:1219	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	9	53	theme	corona	1333:1338	arg1	composition					1306:1316	The composition	1302:1316	The composition of the protein corona adsorbed on Au-NPs	1302:1357	The composition of the protein corona adsorbed on Au-NPs was investigated by mass spectrometry.
25473280	3	54	theme	in	590:591	arg1	applications					598:609	future in vivo applications	583:609	future in vivo applications	583:609	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	11	55	theme	human	1612:1616	arg1	lines					1623:1627	human cell lines	1612:1627	human cell lines	1612:1627	Altogether, our results revealed the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines and support their use for theranostic applications.
25473280	4	56	theme	laser-synthesized	694:710	arg1	Au-NPs					712:717	laser-synthesized Au-NPs	694:717	laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions	694:756	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	7	57	theme	cell	1125:1128	arg1	morphology					1130:1139	cell morphology	1125:1139	cell morphology	1125:1139	Biocompatibility and safety of Au-NPs were demonstrated by analyzing cell survival and cell morphology.
25473280	11	58	theme	laser-ablated	1588:1600	arg1	Au-NPs					1602:1607	laser-ablated Au-NPs	1588:1607	laser-ablated Au-NPs	1588:1607	Altogether, our results revealed the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines and support their use for theranostic applications.
25473280	10	59	theme	drug	1527:1530	arg1	carrier					1532:1538	a promising drug carrier	1515:1538	a promising drug carrier	1515:1538	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	8	60	from	incubation	1155:1164	arg1	medium					1214:1219	serum-containing culture medium	1189:1219	serum-containing culture medium	1189:1219	Furthermore, incubation of the three Au-NPs in serum-containing culture medium modified their physicochemical characteristics, such as the size and the charge.
25473280	11	61	theme	Au-NPs	1602:1607	arg1	safety					1578:1583	the safety	1574:1583	the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines	1574:1627	Altogether, our results revealed the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines and support their use for theranostic applications.
25473280	5	62	theme	polyethylene	883:894	arg1	glycol					896:901	polyethylene glycol	883:901	polyethylene glycol	883:901	Our results showed that laser ablation allows the obtaining of stable and monodisperse Au-NPs in water, polyethylene glycol, and dextran solutions.
25473280	3	63	theme	laser-ablated	558:570	arg1	Au-NPs					572:577	laser-ablated Au-NPs	558:577	laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications	558:609	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	9	64	theme	mass	1379:1382	arg1	spectrometry					1384:1395	mass spectrometry	1379:1395	mass spectrometry	1379:1395	The composition of the protein corona adsorbed on Au-NPs was investigated by mass spectrometry.
25473280	10	65	theme	promising	1517:1525	arg1	carrier					1532:1538	a promising drug carrier	1515:1538	a promising drug carrier	1515:1538	Regarding composition of complement C3 proteins and apolipoproteins, Au-NPs prepared in dextran solution appeared as a promising drug carrier.
25473280	4	66	theme	Au-NPs	712:717	arg1	safety					651:656	safety	651:656	safety	651:656	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	4	66	theme	Au-NPs	712:717	arg1	behavior					682:689	biological behavior	671:689	biological behavior	671:689	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	4	66	theme	Au-NPs	712:717	arg1	uptake					659:664	uptake	659:664	uptake	659:664	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	7	67	theme	Au-NPs	1069:1074	arg1	Biocompatibility					1038:1053	Biocompatibility	1038:1053	Biocompatibility	1038:1053	Biocompatibility and safety of Au-NPs were demonstrated by analyzing cell survival and cell morphology.
25473280	7	67	theme	Au-NPs	1069:1074	arg1	safety					1059:1064	safety	1059:1064	safety	1059:1064	Biocompatibility and safety of Au-NPs were demonstrated by analyzing cell survival and cell morphology.
25473280	4	68	dep	safety	651:656	arg1	the					647:649	the	647:649	the	647:649	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	4	69	from	behavior	682:689	arg1	lines					772:776	human cell lines	761:776	human cell lines	761:776	The aim of the study was to assess the safety, uptake, and biological behavior of laser-synthesized Au-NPs prepared in water or polymer solutions in human cell lines.
25473280	2	70	theme	aqueous	372:378	arg1	solutions					394:402	aqueous biocompatible solutions	372:402	aqueous biocompatible solutions	372:402	Au-NPs prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions present an essentially novel object that is unique in avoiding any residual toxic contaminant.
25473280	1	71	theme	gold	247:250	arg1	Au-NPs					267:272	Au-NPs	267:272	Au-NPs	267:272	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	1	71	theme	gold	247:250	arg1	nanoparticles					252:264	gold nanoparticles	247:264	gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs)	247:273	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	1	71	theme	gold	247:250	arg1	focus					283:287	the focus	279:287	the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine	279:332	Due to excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and promising optical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) are the focus of research and applications in nanomedicine.
25473280	0	72	theme	biocompatible	57:69	arg1	solutions					71:79	aqueous biocompatible solutions	49:79	aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications	49:155	Gold nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in aqueous biocompatible solutions: assessment of safety and biological identity for nanomedicine applications.
25473280	11	73	theme	cell	1618:1621	arg1	lines					1623:1627	human cell lines	1612:1627	human cell lines	1612:1627	Altogether, our results revealed the safety of laser-ablated Au-NPs in human cell lines and support their use for theranostic applications.
25473280	3	74	theme	next	530:533	arg1	paper					504:508	This paper	499:508	This paper	499:508	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	3	74	theme	next	530:533	arg1	step					535:538	the next step	526:538	the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications	526:609	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	3	75	from	step	535:538	arg1	development					543:553	development	543:553	development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications	543:609	This paper is conceived as the next step in development of laser-ablated Au-NPs for future in vivo applications.
25473280	6	76	theme	transmission	1004:1015	arg1	microscopy					1026:1035	transmission electron microscopy	1004:1035	transmission electron microscopy	1004:1035	The three types of Au-NPs were internalized in human cell lines, as shown by transmission electron microscopy.
24274277	4	0	theme	selective	722:730	arg1	reaction					745:752	the selective colorimetric reaction	718:752	the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification	718:797	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	3	1	theme	various	582:588	arg1	conditions					593:602	various pH conditions	582:602	various pH conditions (pH 4-11)	582:612	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	1	theme	various	582:588	arg1	pH					605:606	pH 4-11	605:611	pH 4-11	605:611	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	1	2	theme	aqueous	235:241	arg1	system					243:248	aqueous system	235:248	aqueous system	235:248	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	12	3	theme	qualitative	1852:1862	arg1	detection					1864:1872	on-field qualitative detection	1843:1872	on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+)	1843:1882	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	8	4	theme	NPs	1363:1365	arg1	analysis					1345:1352	the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis	1299:1352	the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+)	1299:1377	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	6	5	theme	Hg	993:994	arg1	concentration					976:988	concentration	976:988	concentration of Hg(2+)	976:998	The fading response was directly correlated with increasing concentration of Hg(2+).
24274277	12	6	theme	potential	1817:1825	arg1	application					1827:1837	potential application	1817:1837	potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+)	1817:1882	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	12	7	theme	environmental	1895:1907	arg1	samples					1909:1915	aqueous environmental samples	1887:1915	aqueous environmental samples	1887:1915	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	7	8	theme	ions	1156:1159	arg1	presence					1138:1145	the presence	1134:1145	the presence of other ions like; Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), As(3+), Fe(2+), Cd(2+), etc	1134:1246	More importantly, this response was found to be highly selective for Hg(2+) as the absorption spectra were found to be unaffected by the presence of other ions like; Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), As(3+), Fe(2+), Cd(2+), etc.
24274277	3	9	theme	salt	618:621	arg1	concentrations					623:636	salt concentrations	618:636	salt concentrations (5-100 mM)	618:647	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	9	theme	salt	618:621	arg1	mM					645:646	5-100 mM	639:646	5-100 mM	639:646	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	0	10	theme	aqueous	123:129	arg1	system					131:136	aqueous system	123:136	aqueous system	123:136	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	5	11	theme	added	898:902	arg1	ions					910:913	the added Hg(+) ions	894:913	the added Hg(+) ions	894:913	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	3	12	theme	±	473:473	arg1	size					431:434	The average size	419:434	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs	419:451	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	12	theme	±	473:473	arg1	nm					479:480	5.0 ± 2.8 nm	469:480	5.0 ± 2.8 nm	469:480	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	1	13	theme	colorimetric	199:210	arg1	detection					212:220	the colorimetric detection	195:220	the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system	195:248	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	4	14	theme	further	778:784	arg1	modification					786:797	any further modification	774:797	any further modification	774:797	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	3	15	theme	transmission	497:508	arg1	microscope					519:528	transmission electron microscope	497:528	transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis	497:543	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	15	theme	transmission	497:508	arg1	TEM					531:533	TEM	531:533	TEM	531:533	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	1	16	from	detection	212:220	arg1	system					243:248	aqueous system	235:248	aqueous system	235:248	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	10	17	theme	organic	1597:1603	arg1	mercury					1605:1611	the organic mercury	1593:1611	the organic mercury	1593:1611	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	5	18	theme	dependent	872:880	arg1	manner					882:887	a concentration dependent manner	856:887	a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions	856:913	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	4	19	with	reaction	745:752	arg1	2+					762:763	2+	762:763	2+	762:763	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	19	with	reaction	745:752	arg1	Hg					759:760	Hg	759:760	Hg(2+)	759:764	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	9	20	theme	Hg	1450:1451	arg1	determination					1433:1445	the determination	1429:1445	the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples	1429:1487	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples.
24274277	0	21	from	detection	102:110	arg1	system					131:136	aqueous system	123:136	aqueous system	123:136	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	3	22	theme	microscope	519:528	arg1	analysis					536:543	transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis	497:543	transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis	497:543	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	1	23	theme	sensitive	148:156	arg1	method					172:177	A highly sensitive and selective method	139:177	A highly sensitive and selective method	139:177	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	1	24	theme	selective	162:170	arg1	method					172:177	A highly sensitive and selective method	139:177	A highly sensitive and selective method	139:177	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	9	25	theme	ground	1468:1473	arg1	samples					1481:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples.
24274277	8	26	theme	diffraction	1327:1337	arg1	analysis					1345:1352	the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis	1299:1352	the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+)	1299:1377	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	10	27	theme	inorganic	1634:1642	arg1	form					1644:1647	inorganic form	1634:1647	inorganic form	1634:1647	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	8	28	with	NPs	1363:1365	arg1	2+					1375:1376	2+	1375:1376	2+	1375:1376	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	8	28	with	NPs	1363:1365	arg1	Hg					1372:1373	Hg	1372:1373	Hg(2+)	1372:1377	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	2	29	theme	gum	348:350	arg1	GK					363:364	GK	363:364	GK	363:364	Ag NPs used in this method were synthesized by gum kondagogu (GK) which acted as both reducing and stabilizing agent.
24274277	2	29	theme	gum	348:350	arg1	kondagogu					352:360	gum kondagogu	348:360	gum kondagogu (GK) which acted as both reducing and stabilizing agent	348:416	Ag NPs used in this method were synthesized by gum kondagogu (GK) which acted as both reducing and stabilizing agent.
24274277	0	30	theme	Hg²⁺	115:118	arg1	detection					102:110	the sensitive detection	88:110	the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system	88:136	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	5	31	theme	Ag	828:829	arg1	NPs					831:833	Ag NPs	828:833	Ag NPs	828:833	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	12	32	contain	has	1813:1815	arg2	application					1827:1837	potential application	1817:1837	potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+)	1817:1882	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	12	32	contain	has	1813:1815	arg1	method					1806:1811	The proposed method	1793:1811	The proposed method	1793:1811	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	5	33	with	manner	882:887	arg1	ions					910:913	the added Hg(+) ions	894:913	the added Hg(+) ions	894:913	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	12	34	theme	aqueous	1887:1893	arg1	samples					1909:1915	aqueous environmental samples	1887:1915	aqueous environmental samples	1887:1915	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	0	35	theme	reduced/stabilized	14:31	arg1	nanoparticles					40:52	reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles	14:52	reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles	14:52	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	1	36	theme	free	265:268	arg1	nanoparticles					277:289	free silver nanoparticles	265:289	label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)	259:298	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	1	36	theme	free	265:268	arg1	NPs					295:297	Ag NPs	292:297	Ag NPs	292:297	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	5	37	theme	bright	804:809	arg1	colour					818:823	The bright yellow colour	800:823	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs	800:833	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	4	38	theme	GK-Ag	684:688	arg1	NPs					679:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs	650:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs)	650:693	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	38	theme	GK-Ag	684:688	arg1	NPs					690:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	39	used	used	709:712	arg2	NPs					690:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	39	used	used	709:712	arg2	NPs					679:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs	650:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs)	650:693	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	9	40	from	determination	1433:1445	arg1	samples					1481:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples.
24274277	3	41	theme	average	423:429	arg1	size					431:434	The average size	419:434	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs	419:451	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	41	theme	average	423:429	arg1	nm					479:480	5.0 ± 2.8 nm	469:480	5.0 ± 2.8 nm	469:480	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	0	42	theme	direct	57:62	arg1	sensor					77:82	direct colorimetric sensor	57:82	direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system	57:136	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	1	43	theme	Ag	292:293	arg1	nanoparticles					277:289	free silver nanoparticles	265:289	label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)	259:298	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	1	43	theme	Ag	292:293	arg1	NPs					295:297	Ag NPs	292:297	Ag NPs	292:297	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	12	44	theme	Hg	1877:1878	arg1	detection					1864:1872	on-field qualitative detection	1843:1872	on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+)	1843:1882	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	4	45	theme	reduced/stabilized	657:674	arg1	NPs					679:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs	650:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs)	650:693	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	45	theme	reduced/stabilized	657:674	arg1	NPs					690:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	1	46	theme	Hg	225:226	arg1	detection					212:220	the colorimetric detection	195:220	the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system	195:248	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	6	47	theme	fading	920:925	arg1	response					927:934	The fading response	916:934	The fading response	916:934	The fading response was directly correlated with increasing concentration of Hg(2+).
24274277	10	48	theme	Hg	1566:1567	arg1	quantification					1542:1555	the quantification	1538:1555	the quantification of total Hg(2+)	1538:1571	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	3	49	theme	GK-Ag	443:447	arg1	NPs					449:451	the GK-Ag NPs	439:451	the GK-Ag NPs	439:451	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	12	50	theme	on-field	1843:1850	arg1	detection					1864:1872	on-field qualitative detection	1843:1872	on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+)	1843:1882	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	8	51	theme	GK-Ag	1357:1361	arg1	NPs					1363:1365	GK-Ag NPs	1357:1365	GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+)	1357:1377	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	10	52	used	used	1529:1532	arg2	method					1503:1508	The reported method	1490:1508	The reported method	1490:1508	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	11	53	theme	proposed	1731:1738	arg1	method					1740:1745	the proposed method	1727:1745	the proposed method	1727:1745	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	3	54	theme	pH	590:591	arg1	conditions					593:602	various pH conditions	582:602	various pH conditions (pH 4-11)	582:612	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	54	theme	pH	590:591	arg1	pH					605:606	pH 4-11	605:611	pH 4-11	605:611	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	4	55	theme	colorimetric	732:743	arg1	reaction					745:752	the selective colorimetric reaction	718:752	the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification	718:797	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	10	56	theme	total	1560:1564	arg1	2+					1569:1570	2+	1569:1570	2+	1569:1570	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	10	56	theme	total	1560:1564	arg1	Hg					1566:1567	total Hg	1560:1567	total Hg(2+)	1560:1571	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	9	57	theme	proposed	1384:1391	arg1	method					1393:1398	The proposed method	1380:1398	The proposed method	1380:1398	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples.
24274277	10	58	theme	ultraviolet	1652:1662	arg1	irradiation					1669:1679	ultraviolet (UV) irradiation	1652:1679	ultraviolet (UV) irradiation	1652:1679	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	11	59	theme	quantification	1695:1708	arg1	limit					1686:1690	The limit	1682:1690	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method	1682:1745	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	11	59	theme	quantification	1695:1708	arg1	low					1754:1756	low	1754:1756	low	1754:1756	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	5	60	theme	Hg	904:905	arg1	ions					910:913	the added Hg(+) ions	894:913	the added Hg(+) ions	894:913	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	7	61	theme	other	1150:1154	arg1	ions					1156:1159	other ions	1150:1159	other ions like; Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), As(3+), Fe(2+), Cd(2+), etc	1150:1246	More importantly, this response was found to be highly selective for Hg(2+) as the absorption spectra were found to be unaffected by the presence of other ions like; Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), As(3+), Fe(2+), Cd(2+), etc.
24274277	3	62	from	conditions	593:602	arg1	stable					572:577	stable	572:577	stable	572:577	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	62	from	conditions	593:602	arg1	nanoparticles					553:565	the nanoparticles	549:565	the nanoparticles	549:565	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	8	63	theme	metal	1253:1257	arg1	mechanism					1267:1275	The metal sensing mechanism	1249:1275	The metal sensing mechanism	1249:1275	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	11	64	theme	mol	1774:1776	arg1	L					1778:1778	4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1)	1761:1782	4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM)	1761:1790	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	11	64	theme	mol	1774:1776	arg1	nM					1788:1789	50 nM	1785:1789	50 nM	1785:1789	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	11	65	theme	×	1765:1765	arg1	L					1778:1778	4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1)	1761:1782	4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM)	1761:1790	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	11	65	theme	×	1765:1765	arg1	nM					1788:1789	50 nM	1785:1789	50 nM	1785:1789	The limit of quantification for Hg(2+) using the proposed method was as low as 4.9 × 10(-8) mol L(-1) (50 nM).
24274277	3	66	theme	electron	510:517	arg1	microscope					519:528	transmission electron microscope	497:528	transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis	497:543	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	66	theme	electron	510:517	arg1	TEM					531:533	TEM	531:533	TEM	531:533	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	0	67	theme	sensitive	92:100	arg1	detection					102:110	the sensitive detection	88:110	the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system	88:136	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	9	68	theme	various	1460:1466	arg1	samples					1481:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples.
24274277	10	69	theme	reported	1494:1501	arg1	method					1503:1508	The reported method	1490:1508	The reported method	1490:1508	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	4	70	theme	GK	654:655	arg1	NPs					679:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs	650:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs)	650:693	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	70	theme	GK	654:655	arg1	NPs					690:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	8	71	theme	turbidometric	1303:1315	arg1	analysis					1345:1352	the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis	1299:1352	the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+)	1299:1377	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	5	72	theme	yellow	811:816	arg1	colour					818:823	The bright yellow colour	800:823	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs	800:833	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	9	73	theme	water	1475:1479	arg1	samples					1481:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	various ground water samples	1460:1487	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Hg(2+) in various ground water samples.
24274277	12	74	theme	proposed	1797:1804	arg1	method					1806:1811	The proposed method	1793:1811	The proposed method	1793:1811	The proposed method has potential application for on-field qualitative detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous environmental samples.
24274277	8	75	theme	X-ray	1321:1325	arg1	XRD					1340:1342	XRD	1340:1342	XRD	1340:1342	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	8	75	theme	X-ray	1321:1325	arg1	diffraction					1327:1337	X-ray diffraction	1321:1337	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	1321:1343	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	1	76	dep	nanoparticles	277:289	arg1	label					259:263	label	259:263	label	259:263	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	3	77	from	concentrations	623:636	arg1	stable					572:577	stable	572:577	stable	572:577	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	77	from	concentrations	623:636	arg1	nanoparticles					553:565	the nanoparticles	549:565	the nanoparticles	549:565	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	7	78	theme	absorption	1084:1093	arg1	spectra					1095:1101	the absorption spectra	1080:1101	the absorption spectra	1080:1101	More importantly, this response was found to be highly selective for Hg(2+) as the absorption spectra were found to be unaffected by the presence of other ions like; Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), As(3+), Fe(2+), Cd(2+), etc.
24274277	10	79	theme	UV	1665:1666	arg1	irradiation					1669:1679	ultraviolet (UV) irradiation	1652:1679	ultraviolet (UV) irradiation	1652:1679	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	0	80	theme	silver	33:38	arg1	nanoparticles					40:52	reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles	14:52	reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles	14:52	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	10	81	dep	wherein	1585:1591	arg1	oxidized					1622:1629	oxidized	1622:1629	is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation	1613:1679	The reported method can be effectively used for the quantification of total Hg(2+) in samples, wherein the organic mercury is first oxidized to inorganic form by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.
24274277	1	82	theme	silver	270:275	arg1	nanoparticles					277:289	free silver nanoparticles	265:289	label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)	259:298	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	1	82	theme	silver	270:275	arg1	NPs					295:297	Ag NPs	292:297	Ag NPs	292:297	A highly sensitive and selective method is reported for the colorimetric detection of Hg(2+) in aqueous system by using label free silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).
24274277	2	83	theme	stabilizing	400:410	arg1	agent					412:416	both reducing and stabilizing agent	382:416	agent	412:416	Ag NPs used in this method were synthesized by gum kondagogu (GK) which acted as both reducing and stabilizing agent.
24274277	0	84	theme	colorimetric	64:75	arg1	sensor					77:82	direct colorimetric sensor	57:82	direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system	57:136	Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ in aqueous system.
24274277	2	85	theme	Ag	301:302	arg1	NPs					304:306	Ag NPs	301:306	Ag NPs used in this method	301:326	Ag NPs used in this method were synthesized by gum kondagogu (GK) which acted as both reducing and stabilizing agent.
24274277	5	86	theme	NPs	831:833	arg1	colour					818:823	The bright yellow colour	800:823	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs	800:833	The bright yellow colour of Ag NPs was found to fade in a concentration dependent manner with the added Hg(+) ions.
24274277	8	87	theme	sensing	1259:1265	arg1	mechanism					1267:1275	The metal sensing mechanism	1249:1275	The metal sensing mechanism	1249:1275	The metal sensing mechanism is explained based on the turbidometric and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of GK-Ag NPs with Hg(2+).
24274277	4	88	theme	Ag	676:677	arg1	NPs					679:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs	650:681	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs)	650:693	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	4	88	theme	Ag	676:677	arg1	NPs					690:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	GK-Ag NPs	684:692	The GK reduced/stabilized Ag NPs (GK-Ag NPs) were directly used for the selective colorimetric reaction with Hg(2+) without any further modification.
24274277	3	89	theme	NPs	449:451	arg1	size					431:434	The average size	419:434	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs	419:451	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
24274277	3	89	theme	NPs	449:451	arg1	nm					479:480	5.0 ± 2.8 nm	469:480	5.0 ± 2.8 nm	469:480	The average size of the GK-Ag NPs was found to be 5.0 ± 2.8 nm as revealed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and the nanoparticles were stable at various pH conditions (pH 4-11) and salt concentrations (5-100 mM).
28151947	1	0	theme	lung-derived	355:366	arg1	ECM					368:370	lung-derived ECM	355:370	lung-derived ECM	355:370	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	5	1	theme	Particle	1085:1092	arg1	size					1094:1097	Particle size	1085:1097	Particle size	1085:1097	Particle size was concentration-dependent.
28151947	7	2	theme	pulmonary	1480:1488	arg1	cytoprotection					1490:1503	pulmonary cytoprotection	1480:1503	pulmonary cytoprotection	1480:1503	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	6	3	theme	cell	1251:1254	arg1	survival					1256:1263	cell survival	1251:1263	cell survival	1251:1263	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	1	4	contain	contains	119:126	arg1	ECM					114:116	ECM	114:116	ECM	114:116	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	1	4	contain	contains	119:126	arg2	components					152:161	complex tissue-specific components	128:161	complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair	128:321	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	1	4	contain	contains	119:126	arg1	matrix					106:111	Decellularized extracellular matrix	77:111	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM)	77:117	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	7	5	dep	adjunct	1521:1527	arg1	an					1518:1519	an	1518:1519	an	1518:1519	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	7	6	theme	ECM	1472:1474	arg1	feasibility					1409:1419	feasibility	1409:1419	feasibility	1409:1419	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	7	6	theme	ECM	1472:1474	arg1	potential					1437:1445	therapeutic potential	1425:1445	therapeutic potential	1425:1445	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	7	6	theme	ECM	1472:1474	arg1	methodology					1396:1406	methodology	1396:1406	methodology	1396:1406	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	6	7	theme	culture	1182:1188	arg1	medium					1190:1195	cell culture medium	1177:1195	cell culture medium in vitro	1177:1204	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	3	8	theme	rats	864:867	arg1	lungs					855:859	the lungs	851:859	the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours	851:942	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	6	9	theme	oxidative	1334:1342	arg1	damage					1344:1349	oxidative damage	1334:1349	oxidative damage	1334:1349	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	1	10	theme	acute	387:391	arg1	injury					398:403	acute lung injury	387:403	acute lung injury	387:403	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	6	11	theme	ECM	1225:1227	arg1	inhalation					1229:1238	ECM inhalation	1225:1238	ECM inhalation	1225:1238	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	1	12	theme	Decellularized	77:90	arg1	ECM					114:116	ECM	114:116	ECM	114:116	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	1	12	theme	Decellularized	77:90	arg1	matrix					106:111	Decellularized extracellular matrix	77:111	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM)	77:117	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	2	13	theme	lung	530:533	arg1	ECM					535:537	porcine lung ECM	522:537	porcine lung ECM	522:537	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	1	14	theme	lung	393:396	arg1	injury					398:403	acute lung injury	387:403	acute lung injury	387:403	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	1	15	theme	extracellular	92:104	arg1	ECM					114:116	ECM	114:116	ECM	114:116	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	1	15	theme	extracellular	92:104	arg1	matrix					106:111	Decellularized extracellular matrix	77:111	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM)	77:117	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	7	16	theme	solubilized	1460:1470	arg1	ECM					1472:1474	exogenous solubilized ECM	1450:1474	exogenous solubilized ECM	1450:1474	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	3	17	theme	epithelial	744:753	arg1	cells					755:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells	728:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours	728:790	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	2	18	dep	decellularized	491:504	arg1	characterized					545:557	characterized	545:557	characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation	545:636	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	1	19	theme	tissue	195:200	arg1	repair					202:207	tissue repair	195:207	tissue repair	195:207	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	0	20	theme	Lung	0:3	arg1	protection					5:14	Lung protection	0:14	Lung protection by inhalation of exogenous	0:41	Lung protection by inhalation of exogenous solubilized extracellular matrix.
28151947	1	21	theme	epithelial	299:308	arg1	repair					316:321	epithelial wound repair	299:321	epithelial wound repair	299:321	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	2	22	theme	preparation	626:636	arg1	composition					563:573	composition	563:573	composition	563:573	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	2	22	theme	preparation	626:636	arg1	stability					609:617	stability	609:617	stability	609:617	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	2	22	theme	preparation	626:636	arg1	concentration					576:588	concentration	576:588	concentration	576:588	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	2	22	theme	preparation	626:636	arg1	size					600:603	particle size	591:603	particle size	591:603	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	3	23	with	preparation	647:657	arg1	μm					702:703	average particle size <3 μm	677:703	average particle size <3 μm	677:703	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	7	24	theme	exogenous	1450:1458	arg1	ECM					1472:1474	exogenous solubilized ECM	1450:1474	exogenous solubilized ECM	1450:1474	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	2	25	theme	noninvasive	454:464	arg1	delivery					466:473	noninvasive delivery	454:473	noninvasive delivery to the lung	454:485	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	1	26	theme	wound	310:314	arg1	repair					316:321	epithelial wound repair	299:321	epithelial wound repair	299:321	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	2	27	theme	ECM	446:448	arg1	potential					433:441	the therapeutic potential	417:441	the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung	417:485	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	3	28	theme	A549	734:737	arg1	cells					755:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells	728:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours	728:790	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	6	29	theme	hyperoxia-induced	1302:1318	arg1	apoptosis					1320:1328	hyperoxia-induced apoptosis	1302:1328	hyperoxia-induced apoptosis	1302:1328	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	7	30	theme	conventional	1547:1558	arg1	therapy					1560:1566	conventional therapy	1547:1566	conventional therapy	1547:1566	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	4	31	theme	bioactive	1064:1072	arg1	molecules					1074:1082	various bioactive molecules	1056:1082	various bioactive molecules	1056:1082	Our results showed that the preparation was enriched in collagen, reduced in glycosaminoglycans, and contained various bioactive molecules.
28151947	1	32	theme	constructive	213:224	arg1	remodeling					226:235	constructive remodeling	213:235	constructive remodeling	213:235	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	0	33	theme	exogenous	33:41	arg1	inhalation					19:28	inhalation	19:28	inhalation of exogenous	19:41	Lung protection by inhalation of exogenous solubilized extracellular matrix.
28151947	3	34	theme	lung	739:742	arg1	cells					755:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells	728:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours	728:790	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	7	35	theme	therapy	1560:1566	arg1	adjunct					1521:1527	adjunct	1521:1527	adjunct	1521:1527	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	7	35	theme	therapy	1560:1566	arg1	potentiator					1532:1542	potentiator	1532:1542	potentiator	1532:1542	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	1	36	link	lung-derived	355:366	arg1	ECM					368:370	lung-derived ECM	355:370	lung-derived ECM	355:370	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	2	37	theme	therapeutic	421:431	arg1	potential					433:441	the therapeutic potential	417:441	the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung	417:485	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	0	38	theme	extracellular	55:67	arg1	matrix					69:74	extracellular matrix	55:74	extracellular matrix	55:74	Lung protection by inhalation of exogenous solubilized extracellular matrix.
28151947	6	39	theme	alveolar	1269:1276	arg1	morphology					1278:1287	alveolar morphology	1269:1287	alveolar morphology	1269:1287	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	2	40	theme	particle	591:598	arg1	size					600:603	particle size	591:603	particle size	591:603	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	3	41	theme	particle	685:692	arg1	size					694:697	average particle size <3	677:700	average particle size <3 μm	677:703	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	7	42	theme	proof-of-concept	1357:1372	arg1	study					1374:1378	This proof-of-concept study	1352:1378	This proof-of-concept study	1352:1378	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	1	43	theme	complex	128:134	arg1	components					152:161	complex tissue-specific components	128:161	complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair	128:321	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	3	44	from	mg/mL	666:670	arg1	preparation					647:657	The ECM preparation	639:657	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm	639:703	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	3	45	theme	human	728:732	arg1	cells					755:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells	728:759	human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours	728:790	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	3	46	theme	size	694:697	arg1	μm					702:703	average particle size <3 μm	677:703	average particle size <3 μm	677:703	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	1	47	theme	tissue-specific	136:150	arg1	components					152:161	complex tissue-specific components	128:161	complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair	128:321	Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) contains complex tissue-specific components that work in concert to promote tissue repair and constructive remodeling and has been used experimentally and clinically to accelerate epithelial wound repair, leading us to hypothesize that lung-derived ECM could mitigate acute lung injury.
28151947	7	48	theme	therapeutic	1425:1435	arg1	potential					1437:1445	therapeutic potential	1425:1445	therapeutic potential	1425:1445	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	3	49	theme	ECM	643:645	arg1	preparation					647:657	The ECM preparation	639:657	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm	639:703	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	6	50	theme	respective	1144:1153	arg1	controls					1155:1162	the respective controls	1140:1162	the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo	1140:1222	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	2	51	theme	porcine	522:528	arg1	ECM					535:537	porcine lung ECM	522:537	porcine lung ECM	522:537	To explore the therapeutic potential of ECM for noninvasive delivery to the lung, we decellularized and solubilized porcine lung ECM, then characterized the composition, concentration, particle size and stability of the preparation.
28151947	3	52	theme	average	677:683	arg1	size					694:697	average particle size <3	677:700	average particle size <3 μm	677:703	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	6	53	theme	cell	1177:1180	arg1	medium					1190:1195	cell culture medium	1177:1195	cell culture medium in vitro	1177:1204	Compared to the respective controls treated with cell culture medium in vitro or saline in vivo, ECM inhalation normalized cell survival and alveolar morphology, and reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage.
28151947	3	54	theme	tracheal	808:815	arg1	instillation					817:828	tracheal instillation	808:828	tracheal instillation	808:828	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	3	55	theme	cumulative	924:933	arg1	hours					938:942	a cumulative 72 hours	922:942	a cumulative 72 hours	922:942	The ECM preparation at 3.2 mg/mL with average particle size <3 μm was tested in vitro on human A549 lung epithelial cells exposed to 95% O2 for 24 hours, and in vivo by tracheal instillation or nebulization into the lungs of rats exposed intermittently or continuously to 90% O2 for a cumulative 72 hours.
28151947	7	56	dep	methodology	1396:1406	arg1	the					1392:1394	the	1392:1394	the	1392:1394	This proof-of-concept study established the methodology, feasibility and therapeutic potential of exogenous solubilized ECM for pulmonary cytoprotection, possibly as an adjunct or potentiator of conventional therapy.
28151947	4	57	theme	various	1056:1062	arg1	molecules					1074:1082	various bioactive molecules	1056:1082	various bioactive molecules	1056:1082	Our results showed that the preparation was enriched in collagen, reduced in glycosaminoglycans, and contained various bioactive molecules.
27267574	3	0	theme	uniform	465:471	arg1	nanofibers					473:482	uniform nanofibers	465:482	uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm	465:512	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	4	1	from	vanillin	563:570	arg1	nanofibers					590:599	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	575:599	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	575:599	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	3	2	with	nanofibers	473:482	arg1	diameters					489:497	diameters	489:497	diameters as low as 77nm	489:512	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	1	3	theme	almond	157:162	arg1	PVA					187:189	PVA	187:189	PVA	187:189	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	1	3	theme	almond	157:162	arg1	alcohol					178:184	almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol	157:184	vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers	135:201	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	4	4	theme	thermal	532:538	arg1	analysis					540:547	the thermal analysis	528:547	the thermal analysis	528:547	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	3	5	theme	gum/PVA	357:363	arg1	solution					338:345	the aqueous solution	326:345	the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin	326:424	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	5	6	from	presence	763:770	arg1	nanofibers					806:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	7	7	theme	PVA	1062:1064	arg1	groups					1052:1057	OH groups	1049:1057	OH groups of PVA	1049:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	7	theme	PVA	1062:1064	arg1	PVA					1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	7	theme	PVA	1062:1064	arg1	groups					1024:1029	COH groups	1020:1029	COH groups of almond gum	1020:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	7	theme	PVA	1062:1064	arg1	gum					1041:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	4	8	theme	incorporated	550:561	arg1	vanillin					563:570	incorporated vanillin	550:570	incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers	550:599	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	6	9	theme	big	867:869	arg1	crystallites					871:882	big crystallites	867:882	big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers	867:925	It was also found that vanillin was dispersed as big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	6	9	theme	big	867:869	arg1	vanillin					841:848	vanillin	841:848	vanillin	841:848	It was also found that vanillin was dispersed as big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	1	10	theme	incorporated	144:155	arg1	nanofibers					192:201	vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers	135:201	vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers	135:201	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	8	11	theme	major	1106:1110	arg1	interaction					1112:1122	no major interaction	1103:1122	no major interaction between vanillin and either almond gum or PVA	1103:1168	Also, in the nanofibers, there were no major interaction between vanillin and either almond gum or PVA.
27267574	7	12	theme	FTIR	928:931	arg1	analysis					933:940	FTIR analysis	928:940	FTIR analysis	928:940	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	1	13	theme	gum/polyvinyl	164:176	arg1	PVA					187:189	PVA	187:189	PVA	187:189	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	1	13	theme	gum/polyvinyl	164:176	arg1	alcohol					178:184	almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol	157:184	vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers	135:201	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	3	14	theme	almond	350:355	arg1	gum/PVA					357:363	almond gum/PVA	350:363	almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin	350:424	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	5	15	attach	presence	763:770	arg1	nanofibers					806:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	5	15	attach	presence	763:770	arg2	vanillin					775:782	vanillin	775:782	vanillin	775:782	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	2	16	theme	gum	281:283	arg1	Electrospinning					250:264	Electrospinning	250:264	Electrospinning of only almond gum	250:283	Electrospinning of only almond gum was proved impossible.
27267574	1	17	theme	alcohol	178:184	arg1	nanofibers					192:201	vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers	135:201	vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers	135:201	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	3	18	theme	aqueous	330:336	arg1	solution					338:345	the aqueous solution	326:345	the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin	326:424	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	1	19	dep	incorporated	144:155	arg1	vanillin					135:142	vanillin	135:142	vanillin	135:142	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	7	20	theme	OH	1049:1050	arg1	groups					1052:1057	OH groups	1049:1057	OH groups of PVA	1049:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	20	theme	OH	1049:1050	arg1	PVA					1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	20	theme	OH	1049:1050	arg1	gum					1041:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	4	21	theme	temperature	704:714	arg1	applications					716:727	high temperature applications	699:727	high temperature applications	699:727	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	4	22	theme	free	638:641	arg1	vanillin					643:650	free vanillin	638:650	free vanillin	638:650	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	0	23	theme	almond	27:32	arg1	gum/PVA					34:40	electrospun almond gum/PVA	15:40	electrospun almond gum/PVA	15:40	Fabrication of electrospun almond gum/PVA nanofibers as a thermostable delivery system for vanillin.
27267574	7	24	theme	almond	1034:1039	arg1	gum					1041:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	0	25	theme	electrospun	15:25	arg1	gum/PVA					34:40	electrospun almond gum/PVA	15:40	electrospun almond gum/PVA	15:40	Fabrication of electrospun almond gum/PVA nanofibers as a thermostable delivery system for vanillin.
27267574	7	26	theme	gum	1041:1043	arg1	groups					1052:1057	OH groups	1049:1057	OH groups of PVA	1049:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	26	theme	gum	1041:1043	arg1	PVA					1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	26	theme	gum	1041:1043	arg1	groups					1024:1029	COH groups	1020:1029	COH groups of almond gum	1020:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	26	theme	gum	1041:1043	arg1	gum					1041:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	1	27	theme	nanofibers	192:201	arg1	fabrication					120:130	the fabrication	116:130	the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning	116:225	In this study, the fabrication of vanillin incorporated almond gum/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers through electrospinning has been investigated.
27267574	8	28	theme	almond	1152:1157	arg1	gum					1159:1161	almond gum	1152:1161	almond gum	1152:1161	Also, in the nanofibers, there were no major interaction between vanillin and either almond gum or PVA.
27267574	4	29	theme	thermal	615:621	arg1	stability					623:631	higher thermal stability	608:631	higher thermal stability	608:631	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	0	30	theme	gum/PVA	34:40	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of electrospun almond gum/PVA	0:40	Fabrication of electrospun almond gum/PVA nanofibers as a thermostable delivery system for vanillin.
27267574	6	31	theme	nanofibers	916:925	arg1	matrix					891:896	the matrix	887:896	the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers	887:925	It was also found that vanillin was dispersed as big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	5	32	theme	almond	791:796	arg1	nanofibers					806:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	4	33	theme	higher	608:613	arg1	stability					623:631	higher thermal stability	608:631	higher thermal stability	608:631	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	6	34	theme	gum/PVA	908:914	arg1	nanofibers					916:925	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	901:925	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	901:925	It was also found that vanillin was dispersed as big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	3	35	theme	%	409:409	arg1	vanillin					417:424	3% (w/w) vanillin	408:424	3% (w/w) vanillin	408:424	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	7	36	theme	etheric	998:1004	arg1	bonds					1006:1010	etheric bonds	998:1010	etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA	998:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	5	37	theme	vanillin	775:782	arg1	presence					763:770	the presence	759:770	the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	759:815	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	6	38	theme	almond	901:906	arg1	nanofibers					916:925	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	901:925	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	901:925	It was also found that vanillin was dispersed as big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	7	39	theme	COH	1020:1022	arg1	PVA					1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	PVA	1062:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	39	theme	COH	1020:1022	arg1	groups					1024:1029	COH groups	1020:1029	COH groups of almond gum	1020:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	39	theme	COH	1020:1022	arg1	gum					1041:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	almond gum	1034:1043	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	6	40	from	crystallites	871:882	arg1	matrix					891:896	the matrix	887:896	the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers	887:925	It was also found that vanillin was dispersed as big crystallites in the matrix of almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	3	41	dep	gum/PVA	357:363	arg1	80:20					366:370	80:20	366:370	80:20	366:370	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	3	41	dep	gum/PVA	357:363	arg1	%					388:388	concentration=7%	373:388	concentration=7% (w/w)	373:394	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	3	42	contain	containing	397:406	arg2	vanillin					417:424	3% (w/w) vanillin	408:424	3% (w/w) vanillin	408:424	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	3	42	contain	containing	397:406	arg1	gum/PVA					357:363	almond gum/PVA	350:363	almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin	350:424	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	2	43	theme	almond	274:279	arg1	gum					281:283	only almond gum	269:283	only almond gum	269:283	Electrospinning of only almond gum was proved impossible.
27267574	5	44	theme	FTIR	738:741	arg1	analyses					743:750	FTIR analyses	738:750	FTIR analyses	738:750	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	4	45	theme	high	699:702	arg1	applications					716:727	high temperature applications	699:727	high temperature applications	699:727	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	3	46	theme	low	502:504	arg1	diameters					489:497	diameters	489:497	diameters as low as 77nm	489:512	It was found that the aqueous solution of almond gum/PVA (80:20, concentration=7% (w/w)) containing 3% (w/w) vanillin could have successfully electrospun to uniform nanofibers with diameters as low as 77nm.
27267574	2	47	theme	only	269:272	arg1	gum					281:283	only almond gum	269:283	only almond gum	269:283	Electrospinning of only almond gum was proved impossible.
27267574	0	48	theme	delivery	71:78	arg1	system					80:85	a thermostable delivery system	56:85	a thermostable delivery system for vanillin	56:98	Fabrication of electrospun almond gum/PVA nanofibers as a thermostable delivery system for vanillin.
27267574	7	49	theme	chemical	972:979	arg1	cross-linking					981:993	chemical cross-linking	972:993	chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA	972:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	7	50	dep	showed	942:947	arg1	had					968:970	had	968:970	showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA	942:1064	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	4	51	theme	gum/PVA	582:588	arg1	nanofibers					590:599	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	575:599	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	575:599	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
27267574	0	52	theme	thermostable	58:69	arg1	system					80:85	a thermostable delivery system	56:85	a thermostable delivery system for vanillin	56:98	Fabrication of electrospun almond gum/PVA nanofibers as a thermostable delivery system for vanillin.
27267574	5	53	theme	gum/PVA	798:804	arg1	nanofibers					806:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	the almond gum/PVA nanofibers	787:815	XRD and FTIR analyses proved the presence of vanillin in the almond gum/PVA nanofibers.
27267574	7	54	theme	almond	949:954	arg1	gum					956:958	almond gum	949:958	almond gum	949:958	FTIR analysis showed almond gum and PVA had chemical cross-linking by etheric bonds between COH groups of almond gum and OH groups of PVA.
27267574	4	55	theme	almond	575:580	arg1	nanofibers					590:599	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	575:599	almond gum/PVA nanofibers	575:599	According to the thermal analysis, incorporated vanillin in almond gum/PVA nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than free vanillin, making this composite especially suitable for high temperature applications.
25482414	9	0	theme	0.2	939:941	arg1	substitution					943:954	substitution	943:954	substitution	943:954	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	4	1	dep	H-NMR	541:545	arg1	1					539:539	1	539:539	1	539:539	Firstly, CMD polymers were characterized by FTIR, (1)H-NMR, and conductimetric titration.
25482414	6	2	theme	CMD	725:727	arg1	coatings					729:736	CMD coatings	725:736	CMD coatings	725:736	Once characterized, biological performances of CMD coatings were investigated.
25482414	9	3	theme	endothelial	1084:1094	arg1	adhesion					1101:1108	endothelial cell adhesion	1084:1108	endothelial cell adhesion	1084:1108	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	9	4	theme	substitution	943:954	arg1	degree					956:961	a 0.2 substitution degree	937:961	a 0.2 substitution degree	937:961	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	9	5	theme	cell	1096:1099	arg1	adhesion					1101:1108	endothelial cell adhesion	1084:1108	endothelial cell adhesion	1084:1108	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	2	6	theme	moieties	296:303	arg1	introduction					274:285	introduction	274:285	introduction of amino moieties	274:303	In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface.
25482414	8	7	theme	cell	874:877	arg1	adhesion					879:886	muscle cell adhesion	867:886	muscle cell adhesion	867:886	The effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cell adhesion were also studied.
25482414	2	8	theme	substrate	323:331	arg1	surface					333:339	the substrate surface	319:339	the substrate surface	319:339	In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface.
25482414	2	9	theme	amino	290:294	arg1	moieties					296:303	amino moieties	290:303	amino moieties	290:303	In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface.
25482414	6	10	dep	characterized	683:695	arg1	Once					678:681	Once	678:681	Once	678:681	Once characterized, biological performances of CMD coatings were investigated.
25482414	3	11	used	used	441:444	arg2	it					419:420	it	419:420	it	419:420	Polytetrafluoroethylene was selected as a model substrate for biomaterial as it is already largely used for cardiovascular clinical applications.
25482414	10	12	theme	biomedical	1252:1261	arg1	applications					1263:1274	different biomedical applications	1242:1274	different biomedical applications	1242:1274	This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
25482414	4	13	theme	CMD	497:499	arg1	polymers					501:508	CMD polymers	497:508	CMD polymers	497:508	Firstly, CMD polymers were characterized by FTIR, (1)H-NMR, and conductimetric titration.
25482414	3	14	theme	cardiovascular	450:463	arg1	applications					474:485	cardiovascular clinical applications	450:485	cardiovascular clinical applications	450:485	Polytetrafluoroethylene was selected as a model substrate for biomaterial as it is already largely used for cardiovascular clinical applications.
25482414	9	15	theme	non-thrombogenic	1035:1050	arg1	properties					1052:1061	non-thrombogenic properties	1035:1061	non-thrombogenic properties	1035:1061	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	9	16	theme	PTFE	1016:1019	arg1	property					1004:1011	the biological property	989:1011	the biological property of PTFE	989:1019	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	8	17	from	effects	833:839	arg1	endothelial					844:854	endothelial	844:854	endothelial	844:854	The effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cell adhesion were also studied.
25482414	8	17	from	effects	833:839	arg1	smooth					860:865	smooth	860:865	smooth	860:865	The effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cell adhesion were also studied.
25482414	6	18	theme	biological	698:707	arg1	performances					709:720	biological performances	698:720	biological performances of CMD coatings	698:736	Once characterized, biological performances of CMD coatings were investigated.
25482414	3	19	theme	clinical	465:472	arg1	applications					474:485	cardiovascular clinical applications	450:485	cardiovascular clinical applications	450:485	Polytetrafluoroethylene was selected as a model substrate for biomaterial as it is already largely used for cardiovascular clinical applications.
25482414	1	20	theme	biomaterial	86:96	arg1	surfaces					98:105	biomaterial surfaces	86:105	biomaterial surfaces	86:105	The modification of biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules influences the biological response.
25482414	9	21	theme	smooth	1130:1135	arg1	adhesion					1149:1156	smooth muscle cell adhesion	1130:1156	smooth muscle cell adhesion	1130:1156	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	9	22	theme	biological	993:1002	arg1	property					1004:1011	the biological property	989:1011	the biological property of PTFE	989:1019	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	4	23	theme	conductimetric	552:565	arg1	titration					567:575	conductimetric titration	552:575	conductimetric titration	552:575	Firstly, CMD polymers were characterized by FTIR, (1)H-NMR, and conductimetric titration.
25482414	9	24	dep	enhancing	1074:1082	arg1	limiting					1121:1128	limiting	1121:1128	limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion	1121:1156	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	1	25	theme	surfaces	98:105	arg1	modification					70:81	The modification	66:81	The modification of biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules	66:123	The modification of biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules influences the biological response.
25482414	9	26	theme	muscle	1137:1142	arg1	adhesion					1149:1156	smooth muscle cell adhesion	1130:1156	smooth muscle cell adhesion	1130:1156	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	0	27	theme	PTFE	20:23	arg1	surface					25:31	PTFE surface	20:31	PTFE surface for cardiovascular applications	20:63	Dextran grafting on PTFE surface for cardiovascular applications.
25482414	10	28	theme	versatile	1195:1203	arg1	biomaterials					1216:1227	versatile pro-active biomaterials	1195:1227	versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications	1195:1274	This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
25482414	9	29	theme	cell	1144:1147	arg1	adhesion					1149:1156	smooth muscle cell adhesion	1130:1156	smooth muscle cell adhesion	1130:1156	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	7	30	theme	hemoglobin	810:819	arg1	method					821:826	the free hemoglobin method	801:826	the free hemoglobin method	801:826	The hemocompatibility was ascertained using the free hemoglobin method.
25482414	1	31	with	modification	70:81	arg1	biomolecules					112:123	biomolecules	112:123	biomolecules	112:123	The modification of biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules influences the biological response.
25482414	10	32	theme	pro-active	1205:1214	arg1	biomaterials					1216:1227	versatile pro-active biomaterials	1195:1227	versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications	1195:1274	This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
25482414	9	33	from	degree	956:961	arg1	CMD					930:932	CMD	930:932	CMD	930:932	Results indicated that CMD at a 0.2 substitution degree, significantly influenced the biological property of PTFE by exhibiting non-thrombogenic properties as well as enhancing endothelial cell adhesion along with limiting smooth muscle cell adhesion.
25482414	7	34	theme	free	805:808	arg1	method					821:826	the free hemoglobin method	801:826	the free hemoglobin method	801:826	The hemocompatibility was ascertained using the free hemoglobin method.
25482414	2	35	theme	substitution	228:239	arg1	degrees					217:223	different degrees	207:223	different degrees of substitution	207:239	In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface.
25482414	2	36	with	caboxymethyldextrans	175:194	arg1	degrees					217:223	different degrees	207:223	different degrees of substitution	207:239	In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface.
25482414	0	37	theme	cardiovascular	37:50	arg1	applications					52:63	cardiovascular applications	37:63	cardiovascular applications	37:63	Dextran grafting on PTFE surface for cardiovascular applications.
25482414	2	38	theme	different	207:215	arg1	degrees					217:223	different degrees	207:223	different degrees of substitution	207:239	In this work, caboxymethyldextrans (CMD) with different degrees of substitution have been grafted to surfaces by introduction of amino moieties directly onto the substrate surface.
25482414	1	39	theme	biological	140:149	arg1	response					151:158	the biological response	136:158	the biological response	136:158	The modification of biomaterial surfaces with biomolecules influences the biological response.
25482414	10	40	theme	different	1242:1250	arg1	applications					1263:1274	different biomedical applications	1242:1274	different biomedical applications	1242:1274	This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
25482414	8	41	dep	endothelial	844:854	arg1	adhesion					879:886	muscle cell adhesion	867:886	muscle cell adhesion	867:886	The effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cell adhesion were also studied.
25482414	10	42	theme	suitable	1229:1236	arg1	biomaterials					1216:1227	versatile pro-active biomaterials	1195:1227	versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications	1195:1274	This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
25482414	10	43	theme	biomaterials	1216:1227	arg1	creation					1183:1190	the creation	1179:1190	the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications	1179:1274	This work suggested the creation of versatile pro-active biomaterials suitable for different biomedical applications.
25482414	6	44	theme	coatings	729:736	arg1	performances					709:720	biological performances	698:720	biological performances of CMD coatings	698:736	Once characterized, biological performances of CMD coatings were investigated.
25482414	8	45	theme	muscle	867:872	arg1	adhesion					879:886	muscle cell adhesion	867:886	muscle cell adhesion	867:886	The effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cell adhesion were also studied.
25482414	3	46	theme	model	384:388	arg1	Polytetrafluoroethylene					342:364	Polytetrafluoroethylene	342:364	Polytetrafluoroethylene	342:364	Polytetrafluoroethylene was selected as a model substrate for biomaterial as it is already largely used for cardiovascular clinical applications.
25482414	3	46	theme	model	384:388	arg1	substrate					390:398	a model substrate	382:398	a model substrate for biomaterial	382:414	Polytetrafluoroethylene was selected as a model substrate for biomaterial as it is already largely used for cardiovascular clinical applications.
28810197	2	0	from	absorption	412:421	arg1	region					458:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	14	1	theme	rod-shaped	2287:2296	arg1	bacteria					2312:2319	(curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria	2278:2319	(curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria	2278:2319	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	3	2	theme	chemistry	728:736	arg1	principles					738:747	green chemistry principles	722:747	green chemistry principles	722:747	Both NIRW-absorbing nanoworms and visible-absorbing nanospheres herein are attained exclusively by employing green chemistry principles.
28810197	1	3	theme	nanostructure	273:285	arg1	type					246:249	a new type	240:249	a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure	240:285	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	1	3	theme	nanostructure	273:285	arg1	"					298:298	"nanoworms"	288:298	"nanoworms"	288:298	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	2	4	theme	composition	600:610	arg1	utility					585:591	biological utility	574:591	biological utility of the composition	574:610	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	11	5	theme	other	2011:2015	arg1	forms					2059:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms	2011:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2011:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	7	6	theme	SPR	1472:1474	arg1	maximum					1481:1487	SPR peak maximum	1472:1487	SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population	1472:1565	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	6	7	theme	nanoworms	1229:1237	arg1	region					1215:1220	the NIRW region	1206:1220	the NIRW region of the nanoworms	1206:1237	The dominant SPR obtained in the NIRW region of the nanoworms results from anisotropic AgNPs, as opposed to agglomeration.
28810197	11	8	theme	pathogenic	2082:2091	arg1	bacteria					2093:2100	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2068:2100	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2068:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	4	9	theme	complete	927:934	arg1	absence					936:942	complete absence	927:942	complete absence of any known reducing agent	927:970	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	7	10	theme	nanoworm	1446:1453	arg1	structures					1455:1464	the anisotropic nanoworm structures	1430:1464	the anisotropic nanoworm structures	1430:1464	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	14	11	theme	silver	2424:2429	arg1	sulfadiazine					2431:2442	silver sulfadiazine	2424:2442	silver sulfadiazine	2424:2442	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	14	11	theme	silver	2424:2429	arg1	antibiotics					2411:2421	sulfa antibiotics	2405:2421	sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine)	2405:2443	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	1	12	theme	photochemical	203:215	arg1	protocol					217:224	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol	169:224	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.	169:356	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	6	13	theme	NIRW	1210:1213	arg1	region					1215:1220	the NIRW region	1206:1220	the NIRW region of the nanoworms	1206:1237	The dominant SPR obtained in the NIRW region of the nanoworms results from anisotropic AgNPs, as opposed to agglomeration.
28810197	7	14	dep	peak	1388:1391	arg1	maximum					1393:1399	maximum	1393:1399	maximum	1393:1399	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	0	15	theme	pathogenic	148:157	arg1	bacteria					159:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	7	16	from	increase	1519:1526	arg1	size					1535:1538	the size	1531:1538	the size of the nanoworm population	1531:1565	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	4	17	theme	agent	966:970	arg1	absence					936:942	complete absence	927:942	complete absence of any known reducing agent	927:970	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	14	18	theme	AgNPs	2223:2227	arg1	effects					2212:2218	shape effects	2206:2218	shape effects of AgNPs	2206:2227	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	11	19	theme	spherical	2017:2025	arg1	forms					2059:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms	2011:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2011:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	4	20	theme	known	951:955	arg1	agent					966:970	any known reducing agent	947:970	any known reducing agent	947:970	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	2	21	theme	biological	574:583	arg1	utility					585:591	biological utility	574:591	biological utility of the composition	574:610	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	4	22	theme	polyol	779:784	arg1	techniques					786:795	polyol techniques	779:795	polyol techniques	779:795	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	14	23	theme	sulfa	2405:2409	arg1	sulfadiazine					2431:2442	silver sulfadiazine	2424:2442	silver sulfadiazine	2424:2442	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	14	23	theme	sulfa	2405:2409	arg1	antibiotics					2411:2421	sulfa antibiotics	2405:2421	sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine)	2405:2443	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	3	24	theme	visible-absorbing	647:663	arg1	nanospheres					665:675	visible-absorbing nanospheres	647:675	visible-absorbing nanospheres	647:675	Both NIRW-absorbing nanoworms and visible-absorbing nanospheres herein are attained exclusively by employing green chemistry principles.
28810197	2	25	theme	biocompatible	490:502	arg1	polymer					504:510	biocompatible polymer	490:510	biocompatible polymer chitosan	490:519	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	7	26	theme	SPR	1384:1386	arg1	peak					1388:1391	the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution	1380:1425	peak	1388:1391	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	1	27	theme	smooth	335:340	arg1	edges					351:355	smooth, rounded edges	335:355	smooth, rounded edges	335:355	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	11	28	theme	silver	2052:2057	arg1	forms					2059:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms	2011:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2011:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	1	29	dep	smooth	335:340	arg1	rounded					343:349	rounded	343:349	rounded	343:349	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	14	30	theme	smaller	2387:2393	arg1	AgNPs					2380:2384	isotropic AgNPs	2370:2384	isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres)	2370:2402	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	14	30	theme	smaller	2387:2393	arg1	spheres					2395:2401	smaller spheres	2387:2401	smaller spheres	2387:2401	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	0	31	theme	Green	92:96	arg1	strategy					109:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	10	32	theme	B	1876:1876	arg1	medium					1878:1883	King's B medium	1869:1883	King's B medium	1869:1883	The nanodispersions also retained their SPR features in King's B medium.
28810197	14	33	theme	shape	2206:2210	arg1	effects					2212:2218	shape effects	2206:2218	shape effects of AgNPs	2206:2227	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	0	34	theme	synthetic	99:107	arg1	strategy					109:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	5	35	theme	electron	1156:1163	arg1	microscopy					1165:1174	electron microscopy	1156:1174	electron microscopy	1156:1174	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	5	36	theme	starting	1025:1032	arg1	materials					1034:1042	starting materials	1025:1042	starting materials	1025:1042	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	9	37	theme	constant	1788:1795	arg1	strength					1803:1810	a constant ionic strength	1786:1810	a constant ionic strength	1786:1810	The nanoworms retained their NIRW-absorbing features even at physiological pH and at a constant ionic strength.
28810197	1	38	dep	facile	171:176	arg1	non-seeded					192:201	non-seeded	192:201	non-seeded	192:201	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	1	38	dep	facile	171:176	arg1	single-step					179:189	single-step	179:189	single-step	179:189	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	2	39	theme	plasmon	388:394	arg1	resonance					396:404	surface plasmon resonance	380:404	surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	380:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	2	39	theme	plasmon	388:394	arg1	SPR					407:409	SPR	407:409	SPR	407:409	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	0	40	theme	Photochemical	0:12	arg1	formation					14:22	Photochemical formation	0:22	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.	0:167	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	1	41	theme	nanoworms	289:297	arg1	"					298:298	"nanoworms"	288:298	"nanoworms"	288:298	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	1	41	theme	nanoworms	289:297	arg1	type					246:249	a new type	240:249	a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure	240:285	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	5	42	from	effect	977:982	arg1	formation					1051:1059	the formation	1047:1059	the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres	1047:1087	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	2	43	theme	near-infrared	430:442	arg1	region					458:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	11	44	theme	molecular	2042:2050	arg1	forms					2059:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms	2011:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2011:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	5	45	theme	concentration	1008:1020	arg1	effect					977:982	The effect	973:982	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres	973:1087	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	7	46	theme	strong	1346:1351	arg1	correlation					1353:1363	a strong correlation	1344:1363	a strong correlation	1344:1363	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	8	47	theme	significant	1586:1596	arg1	variation					1603:1611	significant size variation	1586:1611	significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population	1586:1656	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	11	48	theme	growth	1981:1986	arg1	inhibition					1988:1997	the highest growth inhibition	1969:1997	the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	1969:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	11	48	theme	growth	1981:1986	arg1	pv					2124:2125	Pseudomonas syringae pv	2103:2125	Pseudomonas syringae pv	2103:2125	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	0	49	theme	near-infrared-absorbing	47:69	arg1	Nanoworms					78:86	chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms	27:86	chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms	27:86	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	1	50	theme	curved	306:311	arg1	dimensions					320:329	curved longer dimensions	306:329	curved longer dimensions	306:329	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	7	51	theme	nanoworm	1547:1554	arg1	population					1556:1565	the nanoworm population	1543:1565	the nanoworm population	1543:1565	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	5	52	theme	nanospheres	1077:1087	arg1	formation					1051:1059	the formation	1047:1059	the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres	1047:1087	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	4	53	theme	single	908:913	arg1	step					915:918	a single step	906:918	a single step	906:918	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	0	54	theme	Nanoworms	78:86	arg1	formation					14:22	Photochemical formation	0:22	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.	0:167	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	8	55	theme	different	1616:1624	arg1	nanoworms					1626:1634	different nanoworms	1616:1634	different nanoworms of a given population	1616:1656	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	8	56	theme	remarkable	1679:1688	arg1	stability					1690:1698	remarkable stability	1679:1698	remarkable stability	1679:1698	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	1	57	theme	new	242:244	arg1	type					246:249	a new type	240:249	a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure	240:285	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	1	57	theme	new	242:244	arg1	"					298:298	"nanoworms"	288:298	"nanoworms"	288:298	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	6	58	theme	dominant	1181:1188	arg1	SPR					1190:1192	The dominant SPR	1177:1192	The dominant SPR obtained in the NIRW region of the nanoworms	1177:1237	The dominant SPR obtained in the NIRW region of the nanoworms results from anisotropic AgNPs, as opposed to agglomeration.
28810197	4	59	theme	silver	881:886	arg1	nanostructures					888:901	NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures	866:901	NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures	866:901	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	11	60	theme	anisotropic	1924:1934	arg1	nanoworms					1951:1959	the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms	1920:1959	the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms	1920:1959	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	5	61	theme	nanoworms	1064:1072	arg1	formation					1051:1059	the formation	1047:1059	the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres	1047:1087	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	8	62	theme	given	1641:1645	arg1	population					1647:1656	a given population	1639:1656	a given population	1639:1656	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	14	63	theme	Gram-negative	2298:2310	arg1	bacteria					2312:2319	(curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria	2278:2319	(curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria	2278:2319	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	1	64	theme	silver	266:271	arg1	nanostructure					273:285	anisotropic silver nanostructure	254:285	anisotropic silver nanostructure	254:285	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	7	65	theme	TEM	1305:1307	arg1	images					1309:1314	TEM images	1305:1314	TEM images	1305:1314	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	14	66	theme	silver	2450:2455	arg1	AgNO3					2463:2467	AgNO3	2463:2467	AgNO3	2463:2467	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	14	66	theme	silver	2450:2455	arg1	ions					2457:2460	silver ions	2450:2460	silver ions (AgNO3)	2450:2468	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	7	67	theme	red	1500:1502	arg1	shift					1504:1508	red shift	1500:1508	red shift	1500:1508	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	7	68	from	images	1309:1314	arg1	clear					1333:1337	clear	1333:1337	clear	1333:1337	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	7	69	theme	peak	1476:1479	arg1	maximum					1481:1487	SPR peak maximum	1472:1487	SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population	1472:1565	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	11	70	theme	Gram-negative	2068:2080	arg1	bacteria					2093:2100	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2068:2100	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2068:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	11	71	from	forms	2059:2063	arg1	bacteria					2093:2100	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2068:2100	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2068:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	9	72	theme	NIRW-absorbing	1730:1743	arg1	features					1745:1752	their NIRW-absorbing features	1724:1752	their NIRW-absorbing features	1724:1752	The nanoworms retained their NIRW-absorbing features even at physiological pH and at a constant ionic strength.
28810197	7	73	theme	structures	1455:1464	arg1	distribution					1414:1425	the size distribution	1405:1425	the size distribution	1405:1425	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	7	73	theme	structures	1455:1464	arg1	peak					1388:1391	the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution	1380:1425	peak	1388:1391	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	0	74	theme	Gram-negative	134:146	arg1	bacteria					159:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	11	75	theme	Pseudomonas	2103:2113	arg1	inhibition					1988:1997	the highest growth inhibition	1969:1997	the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	1969:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	11	75	theme	Pseudomonas	2103:2113	arg1	pv					2124:2125	Pseudomonas syringae pv	2103:2125	Pseudomonas syringae pv	2103:2125	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	2	76	theme	amplified	553:561	arg1	safety					563:568	amplified safety	553:568	amplified safety	553:568	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	7	77	theme	anisotropic	1434:1444	arg1	structures					1455:1464	the anisotropic nanoworm structures	1430:1464	the anisotropic nanoworm structures	1430:1464	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	5	78	theme	optical	1131:1137	arg1	spectroscopy					1139:1150	optical spectroscopy	1131:1150	optical spectroscopy	1131:1150	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	11	79	theme	nanosilver	2027:2036	arg1	forms					2059:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms	2011:2063	other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	2011:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	9	80	theme	physiological	1762:1774	arg1	pH					1776:1777	physiological pH	1762:1777	physiological pH	1762:1777	The nanoworms retained their NIRW-absorbing features even at physiological pH and at a constant ionic strength.
28810197	10	81	theme	SPR	1853:1855	arg1	features					1857:1864	their SPR features	1847:1864	their SPR features	1847:1864	The nanodispersions also retained their SPR features in King's B medium.
28810197	4	82	theme	reducing	957:964	arg1	agent					966:970	any known reducing agent	947:970	any known reducing agent	947:970	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	0	83	from	activity	122:129	arg1	bacteria					159:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	7	84	theme	size	1409:1412	arg1	distribution					1414:1425	the size distribution	1405:1425	the size distribution	1405:1425	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	5	85	theme	irradiation	987:997	arg1	effect					977:982	The effect	973:982	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres	973:1087	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	0	86	from	strategy	109:116	arg1	bacteria					159:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	134:166	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	3	87	theme	NIRW-absorbing	618:631	arg1	nanoworms					633:641	NIRW-absorbing nanoworms	618:641	NIRW-absorbing nanoworms	618:641	Both NIRW-absorbing nanoworms and visible-absorbing nanospheres herein are attained exclusively by employing green chemistry principles.
28810197	11	88	dep	Pseudomonas	2103:2113	arg1	syringae					2115:2122	syringae	2115:2122	syringae	2115:2122	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	9	89	theme	ionic	1797:1801	arg1	strength					1803:1810	a constant ionic strength	1786:1810	a constant ionic strength	1786:1810	The nanoworms retained their NIRW-absorbing features even at physiological pH and at a constant ionic strength.
28810197	6	90	theme	anisotropic	1252:1262	arg1	AgNPs					1264:1268	anisotropic AgNPs	1252:1268	anisotropic AgNPs	1252:1268	The dominant SPR obtained in the NIRW region of the nanoworms results from anisotropic AgNPs, as opposed to agglomeration.
28810197	0	91	theme	"	97:97	arg1	strategy					109:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	1	92	theme	facile	171:176	arg1	protocol					217:224	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol	169:224	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.	169:356	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	14	93	dep	rod-shaped	2287:2296	arg1	curved					2279:2284	curved	2279:2284	curved	2279:2284	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	14	94	theme	isotropic	2370:2378	arg1	AgNPs					2380:2384	isotropic AgNPs	2370:2384	isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres)	2370:2402	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	14	94	theme	isotropic	2370:2378	arg1	spheres					2395:2401	smaller spheres	2387:2401	smaller spheres	2387:2401	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	5	95	theme	materials	1034:1042	arg1	pH					1000:1001	pH	1000:1001	pH	1000:1001	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	5	95	theme	materials	1034:1042	arg1	concentration					1008:1020	concentration	1008:1020	concentration	1008:1020	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	5	95	theme	materials	1034:1042	arg1	irradiation					987:997	irradiation	987:997	irradiation	987:997	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	2	96	theme	polymer	504:510	arg1	chitosan					512:519	biocompatible polymer chitosan	490:519	biocompatible polymer chitosan	490:519	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	1	97	dep	curved	306:311	arg1	longer					313:318	longer	313:318	longer	313:318	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
28810197	2	98	theme	resonance	396:404	arg1	absorption					412:421	surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption	380:421	surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	380:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	5	99	theme	pH	1000:1001	arg1	effect					977:982	The effect	973:982	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres	973:1087	The effect of irradiation, pH, and concentration of starting materials on the formation of nanoworms vs nanospheres is investigated in detail and analyzed by optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
28810197	2	100	theme	window	444:449	arg1	region					458:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	14	101	theme	highest	2339:2345	arg1	inhibition					2347:2356	the highest inhibition	2335:2356	the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3)	2335:2468	These results underscore shape effects of AgNPs and suggest that nanoworms favor the adhesion to (curved) rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in the highest inhibition compared to isotropic AgNPs (smaller spheres), sulfa antibiotics (silver sulfadiazine), and silver ions (AgNO3).
28810197	2	102	theme	surface	380:386	arg1	resonance					396:404	surface plasmon resonance	380:404	surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	380:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	2	102	theme	surface	380:386	arg1	SPR					407:409	SPR	407:409	SPR	407:409	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	0	103	theme	chitosan-stabilized	27:45	arg1	Nanoworms					78:86	chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms	27:86	chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms	27:86	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	12	104	dep	pv	2162:2163	arg1	maculicola					2128:2137	maculicola	2128:2137	maculicola	2128:2137	maculicola ES4326 and P. syringae pv.
28810197	12	104	dep	pv	2162:2163	arg1	syringae					2153:2160	P. syringae	2150:2160	P. syringae	2150:2160	maculicola ES4326 and P. syringae pv.
28810197	8	105	theme	size	1598:1601	arg1	variation					1603:1611	significant size variation	1586:1611	significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population	1586:1656	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	0	106	theme	silver	71:76	arg1	Nanoworms					78:86	chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms	27:86	chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms	27:86	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	7	107	theme	population	1556:1565	arg1	size					1535:1538	the size	1531:1538	the size of the nanoworm population	1531:1565	From TEM images, it is also very clear that a strong correlation exists between the SPR peak maximum and the size distribution of the anisotropic nanoworm structures, with SPR peak maximum exhibiting red shift with the increase in the size of the nanoworm population.
28810197	2	108	theme	NIRW	452:455	arg1	region					458:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	the near-infrared window (NIRW) region	426:463	The nanoworms exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in the near-infrared window (NIRW) region and are stabilized using biocompatible polymer chitosan, rendering biocompatibility and amplified safety for biological utility of the composition.
28810197	8	109	theme	nanoworms	1626:1634	arg1	variation					1603:1611	significant size variation	1586:1611	significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population	1586:1656	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	11	110	theme	Antipathogenic	1886:1899	arg1	assays					1901:1906	Antipathogenic assays	1886:1906	Antipathogenic assays	1886:1906	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	0	111	dep	formation	14:22	arg1	strategy					109:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	A "Green" synthetic strategy	89:116	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	0	111	dep	formation	14:22	arg1	activity					122:129	activity	122:129	activity	122:129	Photochemical formation of chitosan-stabilized near-infrared-absorbing silver Nanoworms: A "Green" synthetic strategy and activity on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.
28810197	11	112	theme	highest	1973:1979	arg1	inhibition					1988:1997	the highest growth inhibition	1969:1997	the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria	1969:2100	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	11	112	theme	highest	1973:1979	arg1	pv					2124:2125	Pseudomonas syringae pv	2103:2125	Pseudomonas syringae pv	2103:2125	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	8	113	theme	population	1647:1656	arg1	nanoworms					1626:1634	different nanoworms	1616:1634	different nanoworms of a given population	1616:1656	Although there is significant size variation of different nanoworms of a given population, all samples exhibit remarkable stability.
28810197	4	114	theme	NIRW-absorbing	866:879	arg1	nanostructures					888:901	NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures	866:901	NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures	866:901	Contrary to seed-mediated or polyol techniques, the protocol demonstrates the feasibility to selectively synthesize NIRW-absorbing silver nanostructures in a single step and in complete absence of any known reducing agent.
28810197	11	115	theme	NIRW-absorbing	1936:1949	arg1	nanoworms					1951:1959	the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms	1920:1959	the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms	1920:1959	Antipathogenic assays reveal that the anisotropic NIRW-absorbing nanoworms exhibit the highest growth inhibition compared to other spherical nanosilver and molecular silver forms on Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv.
28810197	1	116	theme	anisotropic	254:264	arg1	nanostructure					273:285	anisotropic silver nanostructure	254:285	anisotropic silver nanostructure	254:285	A facile, single-step, non-seeded photochemical protocol for producing a new type of anisotropic silver nanostructure, "nanoworms", with curved longer dimensions and smooth, rounded edges.
26440350	7	0	theme	lower	1299:1303	arg1	content					1305:1311	a lower content	1297:1311	a lower content of C18:2-6	1297:1322	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	10	1	theme	acid	1767:1770	arg1	factors					1772:1778	PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors	1748:1778	PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors	1748:1778	A sex effect was measured for PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors.
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	%					514:514	80%	512:514	80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	512:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	%					433:433	80%	431:433	80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	431:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	%					602:602	80%	600:602	80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	600:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	2	with	diet	590:593	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	1	3	theme	ham	239:241	arg1	designation					205:215	protected designation	195:215	protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets	195:347	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	15	4	theme	pig	2472:2474	arg1	diets					2476:2480	heavy pig diets	2466:2480	heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2466:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	1	5	theme	Piacentina	247:256	arg1	neck					258:261	Piacentina neck	247:261	Piacentina neck	247:261	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	7	6	theme	barley-based	1274:1285	arg1	diets					1287:1291	the barley-based diets	1270:1291	the barley-based diets	1270:1291	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	7	theme	meat	1233:1236	arg1	products					1238:1245	the meat products	1229:1245	the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets	1229:1291	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	9	8	theme	iodine	1619:1624	arg1	number					1626:1631	a lower iodine number	1611:1631	a lower iodine number	1611:1631	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	2	9	dep	diet	502:505	arg1	3					487:487	3	487:487	3	487:487	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	11	10	contain	had	1810:1812	arg2	number					1887:1892	a higher iodine number	1871:1892	a higher iodine number ( < 0.05)	1871:1902	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	10	contain	had	1810:1812	arg2	content					1826:1832	a lower SFA content	1814:1832	a lower SFA content	1814:1832	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	10	contain	had	1810:1812	arg2	PUFA					1842:1845	higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels	1835:1864	PUFA	1842:1845	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	10	contain	had	1810:1812	arg1	SC					1807:1808	the barrow SC	1796:1808	the barrow SC	1796:1808	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	10	contain	had	1810:1812	arg2	<					1896:1896	< 0.05	1896:1901	< 0.05	1896:1901	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	13	11	theme	lean	2126:2129	arg1	properties					2131:2140	the lean properties	2122:2140	the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams	2122:2214	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	%					514:514	80%	512:514	80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	512:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	%					433:433	80%	431:433	80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	431:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	%					602:602	80%	600:602	80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	600:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	12	with	diet	502:505	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	13	theme	barley	462:467	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	13	theme	barley	462:467	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	14	theme	low-amylose	609:619	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	14	theme	low-amylose	609:619	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	14	15	from	barrows	2239:2245	arg1	hams					2229:2232	the hams	2225:2232	the hams from barrows	2225:2245	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	5	16	theme	multivariate	891:902	arg1	analysis					911:918	multivariate factor analysis	891:918	multivariate factor analysis	891:918	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	1	17	theme	protected	195:203	arg1	designation					205:215	protected designation	195:215	protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets	195:347	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	2	18	theme	normal-amylose	440:453	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	18	theme	normal-amylose	440:453	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	12	19	theme	appreciable	1936:1946	arg1	differences					1948:1958	no appreciable differences	1933:1958	no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets	1933:2054	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	14	20	theme	cured	2389:2393	arg1	odor					2395:2398	cured odor	2389:2398	cured odor	2389:2398	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	12	21	from	differences	1948:1958	arg1	color					1967:1971	color	1967:1971	color	1967:1971	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	12	21	from	differences	1948:1958	arg1	properties					1985:1994	sensory properties	1977:1994	sensory properties	1977:1994	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	14	22	theme	fat	2381:2383	arg1	brightness					2319:2328	brightness	2319:2328	brightness	2319:2328	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	22	theme	fat	2381:2383	arg1	uniformity					2335:2344	uniformity	2335:2344	uniformity	2335:2344	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	22	theme	fat	2381:2383	arg1	intensity					2308:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	8	23	theme	PUFA/SFA	1502:1509	arg1	factor					1511:1516	the PUFA/SFA factor	1498:1516	the PUFA/SFA factor	1498:1516	In fresh hams, iodine number and SFA (C16:0 and C18:0) in addition to PUFA and omega-3:omega-6 ratio loaded on the PUFA/SFA factor.
26440350	4	24	theme	dry-cured	735:743	arg1	hams					745:748	The dry-cured hams	731:748	The dry-cured hams	731:748	The dry-cured hams and necks were also evaluated for sensory properties.
26440350	14	25	theme	pinkish	2359:2365	arg1	fat					2381:2383	pinkish intermuscular fat	2359:2383	pinkish intermuscular fat	2359:2383	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	3	26	theme	meat	661:664	arg1	products					666:673	All the meat products	653:673	All the meat products	653:673	All the meat products were analyzed for physicochemical and color parameters.
26440350	14	27	theme	lean	2353:2356	arg1	brightness					2319:2328	brightness	2319:2328	brightness	2319:2328	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	27	theme	lean	2353:2356	arg1	uniformity					2335:2344	uniformity	2335:2344	uniformity	2335:2344	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	27	theme	lean	2353:2356	arg1	intensity					2308:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	28	from	gilts	2292:2296	arg1	hams					2282:2285	the hams	2278:2285	the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor	2278:2398	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	0	29	theme	products	65:72	arg1	designation					30:40	protected designation	20:40	protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs	20:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	5	30	theme	extracted	948:956	arg1	factor					958:963	each extracted factor	943:963	each extracted factor	943:963	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	13	31	theme	hams	2211:2214	arg1	aspect					2182:2187	aspect	2182:2187	aspect	2182:2187	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	13	31	theme	hams	2211:2214	arg1	odor					2193:2196	odor	2193:2196	odor	2193:2196	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	11	32	theme	C18:1-9	1851:1857	arg1	levels					1859:1864	higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels	1835:1864	levels	1859:1864	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	33	theme	iodine	1880:1885	arg1	<					1896:1896	< 0.05	1896:1901	< 0.05	1896:1901	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	33	theme	iodine	1880:1885	arg1	number					1887:1892	a higher iodine number	1871:1892	a higher iodine number ( < 0.05)	1871:1902	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	%					514:514	80%	512:514	80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	512:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	%					433:433	80%	431:433	80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	431:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	%					602:602	80%	600:602	80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	600:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	34	with	diet	421:424	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	4	35	theme	sensory	784:790	arg1	properties					792:801	sensory properties	784:801	sensory properties	784:801	The dry-cured hams and necks were also evaluated for sensory properties.
26440350	5	36	dep	variables	996:1004	arg1	loading					1006:1012	loading	1006:1012	loading	1006:1012	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	0	37	theme	barley-based	103:114	arg1	diets					116:120	barley-based diets	103:120	barley-based diets	103:120	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	1	38	theme	barley-based	330:341	arg1	diets					343:347	barley-based diets	330:347	barley-based diets	330:347	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	13	39	theme	related	2171:2177	arg1	properties					2160:2169	properties	2160:2169	properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams	2160:2214	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	11	40	theme	SFA	1822:1824	arg1	content					1826:1832	a lower SFA content	1814:1832	a lower SFA content	1814:1832	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	2	41	theme	variety	551:557	arg1	%					514:514	80%	512:514	80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	512:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	41	theme	variety	551:557	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	41	theme	variety	551:557	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	1	42	theme	neck	258:261	arg1	designation					205:215	protected designation	195:215	protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets	195:347	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	2	43	dep	diet	390:393	arg1	1					374:374	1	374:374	1	374:374	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	44	theme	corn-based	379:388	arg1	diet					390:393	a corn-based diet	377:393	a corn-based diet (control)	377:403	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	44	theme	corn-based	379:388	arg1	control					396:402	control	396:402	control	396:402	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	12	45	theme	different	2040:2048	arg1	diets					2050:2054	the different diets	2036:2054	the different diets	2036:2054	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	2	46	theme	hulless	536:542	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	46	theme	hulless	536:542	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	0	47	theme	protected	20:28	arg1	designation					30:40	protected designation	20:40	protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs	20:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	7	48	theme	omega-3	1337:1343	arg1	<					1361:1361	< 0.05	1361:1366	< 0.05	1361:1366	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	48	theme	omega-3	1337:1343	arg1	ratio					1353:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1328:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05)	1328:1367	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	14	49	theme	minor	2302:2306	arg1	intensity					2308:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	9	50	theme	barley-based	1561:1572	arg1	diets					1574:1578	the barley-based diets	1557:1578	the barley-based diets	1557:1578	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	9	51	contain	had	1580:1582	arg1	hams					1529:1532	The fresh hams	1519:1532	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets	1519:1578	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	9	51	contain	had	1580:1582	arg2	SC					1602:1603	SC	1602:1603	SC	1602:1603	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	9	51	contain	had	1580:1582	arg2	fat					1597:1599	subcutaneous fat	1584:1599	subcutaneous fat (SC)	1584:1604	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	1	52	dep	quality	161:167	arg1	the					157:159	the	157:159	the	157:159	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	11	53	theme	barrow	1800:1805	arg1	SC					1807:1808	the barrow SC	1796:1808	the barrow SC	1796:1808	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	0	54	theme	Italian	52:58	arg1	products					65:72	origin Italian meat products	45:72	origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs	45:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	5	55	theme	original	987:994	arg1	variables					996:1004	specific original variables	978:1004	specific original variables loading on each one	978:1024	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	7	56	theme	C18:2-6	1316:1322	arg1	content					1305:1311	a lower content	1297:1311	a lower content of C18:2-6	1297:1322	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	56	theme	C18:2-6	1316:1322	arg1	<					1361:1361	< 0.05	1361:1366	< 0.05	1361:1366	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	56	theme	C18:2-6	1316:1322	arg1	ratio					1353:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1328:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05)	1328:1367	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	5	57	theme	parameters	852:861	arg1	data					808:811	The data	804:811	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters	804:861	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	15	58	theme	products	2616:2623	arg1	color					2574:2578	the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics	2553:2606	color	2574:2578	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	15	58	theme	products	2616:2623	arg1	characteristics					2592:2606	the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics	2553:2606	characteristics	2592:2606	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	10	59	theme	PUFA/SFA	1748:1755	arg1	factors					1772:1778	PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors	1748:1778	PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors	1748:1778	A sex effect was measured for PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors.
26440350	8	60	dep	SFA	1420:1422	arg1	C18:0					1435:1439	C18:0	1435:1439	C18:0	1435:1439	In fresh hams, iodine number and SFA (C16:0 and C18:0) in addition to PUFA and omega-3:omega-6 ratio loaded on the PUFA/SFA factor.
26440350	8	60	dep	SFA	1420:1422	arg1	C16:0					1425:1429	C16:0	1425:1429	C16:0	1425:1429	In fresh hams, iodine number and SFA (C16:0 and C18:0) in addition to PUFA and omega-3:omega-6 ratio loaded on the PUFA/SFA factor.
26440350	1	61	theme	origin	220:225	arg1	ham					239:241	origin (PDO) Parma ham	220:241	origin (PDO) Parma ham	220:241	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	5	62	theme	physicochemical	816:830	arg1	color					833:837	physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters	816:861	color	833:837	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	2	63	theme	variety	636:642	arg1	%					602:602	80%	600:602	80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	600:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	63	theme	variety	636:642	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	63	theme	variety	636:642	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	1	64	theme	PDO	228:230	arg1	ham					239:241	origin (PDO) Parma ham	220:241	origin (PDO) Parma ham	220:241	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	5	65	theme	color	833:837	arg1	data					808:811	The data	804:811	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters	804:861	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	15	66	theme	sensory	2584:2590	arg1	characteristics					2592:2606	the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics	2553:2606	characteristics	2592:2606	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	12	67	theme	products	2004:2011	arg1	color					1967:1971	color	1967:1971	color	1967:1971	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	12	67	theme	products	2004:2011	arg1	properties					1985:1994	sensory properties	1977:1994	sensory properties	1977:1994	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	1	68	theme	Parma	233:237	arg1	ham					239:241	origin (PDO) Parma ham	220:241	origin (PDO) Parma ham	220:241	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	6	69	theme	barley-based	1072:1083	arg1	diets					1085:1089	the barley-based diets	1068:1089	the barley-based diets	1068:1089	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets differed from those obtained from the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio.
26440350	10	70	theme	oleic	1761:1765	arg1	factors					1772:1778	PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors	1748:1778	PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors	1748:1778	A sex effect was measured for PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors.
26440350	15	71	theme	heavy	2466:2470	arg1	diets					2476:2480	heavy pig diets	2466:2480	heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2466:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	9	72	theme	lower	1613:1617	arg1	number					1626:1631	a lower iodine number	1611:1631	a lower iodine number	1611:1631	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	8	73	theme	iodine	1402:1407	arg1	number					1409:1414	iodine number	1402:1414	iodine number	1402:1414	In fresh hams, iodine number and SFA (C16:0 and C18:0) in addition to PUFA and omega-3:omega-6 ratio loaded on the PUFA/SFA factor.
26440350	5	74	from	loading	1006:1012	arg1	one					1022:1024	one	1022:1024	one	1022:1024	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	1	75	theme	sensory	173:179	arg1	properties					181:190	sensory properties	173:190	sensory properties	173:190	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	13	76	theme	dry-cured	2201:2209	arg1	hams					2211:2214	dry-cured hams	2201:2214	dry-cured hams	2201:2214	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	2	77	theme	control	494:500	arg1	diet					502:505	the control diet	490:505	3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	487:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	78	theme	hulless	621:627	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	78	theme	hulless	621:627	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	6	79	dep	pigs	1137:1140	arg1	ratio					1207:1211	omega-6 ratio	1199:1211	the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1125:1211	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets differed from those obtained from the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio.
26440350	13	80	from	gilts	2113:2117	arg1	properties					2131:2140	the lean properties	2122:2140	the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams	2122:2214	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	2	81	theme	hulled	455:460	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	81	theme	hulled	455:460	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	14	82	theme	odor	2395:2398	arg1	brightness					2319:2328	brightness	2319:2328	brightness	2319:2328	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	82	theme	odor	2395:2398	arg1	uniformity					2335:2344	uniformity	2335:2344	uniformity	2335:2344	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	14	82	theme	odor	2395:2398	arg1	intensity					2308:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	minor intensity	2302:2316	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	9	83	theme	SFA	1646:1648	arg1	level					1650:1654	a higher SFA level	1637:1654	a higher SFA level	1637:1654	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	11	84	theme	gilt	1913:1916	arg1	SC					1918:1919	the gilt SC	1909:1919	the gilt SC	1909:1919	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	6	85	theme	PUFA	1149:1152	arg1	factors					1154:1160	the PUFA factors	1145:1160	the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3	1145:1197	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets differed from those obtained from the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio.
26440350	5	86	theme	factor	904:909	arg1	analysis					911:918	multivariate factor analysis	891:918	multivariate factor analysis	891:918	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	1	87	theme	designation	205:215	arg1	quality					161:167	quality	161:167	quality	161:167	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	1	87	theme	designation	205:215	arg1	properties					181:190	sensory properties	173:190	sensory properties	173:190	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	15	88	theme	Italian	2508:2514	arg1	products					2516:2523	PDO Italian products	2504:2523	PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2504:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	12	89	dep	color	1967:1971	arg1	the					1963:1965	the	1963:1965	the	1963:1965	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	12	90	theme	sensory	1977:1983	arg1	properties					1985:1994	sensory properties	1977:1994	sensory properties	1977:1994	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	14	91	theme	intermuscular	2367:2379	arg1	fat					2381:2383	pinkish intermuscular fat	2359:2383	pinkish intermuscular fat	2359:2383	Indeed, the hams from barrows were depreciated compared with the hams from gilts for minor intensity, brightness, and uniformity of the lean, pinkish intermuscular fat and cured odor.
26440350	6	92	theme	control	1129:1135	arg1	pigs					1137:1140	the control pigs	1125:1140	the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1125:1211	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets differed from those obtained from the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio.
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	%					514:514	80%	512:514	80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	512:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	%					433:433	80%	431:433	80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	431:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	%					602:602	80%	600:602	80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	600:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	93	with	diet	390:393	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	13	94	from	barrows	2071:2077	arg1	hams					2061:2064	The hams	2057:2064	The hams from barrows	2057:2077	The hams from barrows differed from those obtained from gilts on the lean properties factor describing properties related to aspect and odor of dry-cured hams.
26440350	2	95	theme	variety	469:475	arg1	Cometa					478:483	Cometa	478:483	Cometa	478:483	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	95	theme	variety	469:475	arg1	%					433:433	80%	431:433	80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	431:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	95	theme	variety	469:475	arg1	variety					469:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety	438:475	a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	438:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	6	96	theme	meat	1031:1034	arg1	products					1036:1043	The meat products	1027:1043	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets	1027:1089	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets differed from those obtained from the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio.
26440350	2	97	theme	control	582:588	arg1	diet					590:593	the control diet	578:593	4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	575:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	9	98	theme	higher	1639:1644	arg1	level					1650:1654	a higher SFA level	1637:1654	a higher SFA level	1637:1654	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	7	99	contain	had	1293:1295	arg1	products					1238:1245	the meat products	1229:1245	the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets	1229:1291	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	99	contain	had	1293:1295	arg2	<					1361:1361	< 0.05	1361:1366	< 0.05	1361:1366	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	99	contain	had	1293:1295	arg2	ratio					1353:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1328:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05)	1328:1367	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	99	contain	had	1293:1295	arg2	content					1305:1311	a lower content	1297:1311	a lower content of C18:2-6	1297:1322	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	15	100	from	replacement	2442:2452	arg1	diets					2476:2480	heavy pig diets	2466:2480	heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2466:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	2	101	theme	control	413:419	arg1	diet					421:424	the control diet	409:424	2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa)	406:484	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	9	102	theme	control	1694:1700	arg1	<					1709:1709	< 0.05	1709:1714	< 0.05	1709:1714	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	9	102	theme	control	1694:1700	arg1	pigs					1702:1705	the control pigs	1690:1705	the control pigs ( < 0.05)	1690:1715	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	0	103	theme	heavy	88:92	arg1	pigs					94:97	heavy pigs	88:97	heavy pigs	88:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	5	104	theme	factor	958:963	arg1	interpretation					925:938	interpretation	925:938	interpretation of each extracted factor	925:963	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	2	105	theme	normal-amylose	521:534	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	105	theme	normal-amylose	521:534	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	10	106	theme	sex	1720:1722	arg1	effect					1724:1729	A sex effect	1718:1729	A sex effect	1718:1729	A sex effect was measured for PUFA/SFA and oleic acid factors.
26440350	7	107	theme	omega-6	1345:1351	arg1	<					1361:1361	< 0.05	1361:1366	< 0.05	1361:1366	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	107	theme	omega-6	1345:1351	arg1	ratio					1353:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1328:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05)	1328:1367	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	15	108	used	used	2432:2435	arg2	barley					2416:2421	barley	2416:2421	barley	2416:2421	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	15	108	used	used	2432:2435	arg2	replacement					2442:2452	a replacement	2440:2452	a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2440:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	15	109	theme	physicochemical	2557:2571	arg1	color					2574:2578	the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics	2553:2606	color	2574:2578	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	9	110	theme	fresh	1523:1527	arg1	hams					1529:1532	The fresh hams	1519:1532	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets	1519:1578	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	1	111	dep	pigs	283:286	arg1	Italian					305:311	Italian	305:311	Italian	305:311	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	3	112	dep	physicochemical	693:707	arg1	parameters					719:728	parameters	719:728	parameters	719:728	All the meat products were analyzed for physicochemical and color parameters.
26440350	2	113	theme	barley	544:549	arg1	Astartis					560:567	Astartis	560:567	Astartis	560:567	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	113	theme	barley	544:549	arg1	variety					551:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety	519:557	a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis)	519:568	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	0	114	theme	designation	30:40	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs	0:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	15	115	theme	negative	2533:2540	arg1	effects					2542:2548	negative effects	2533:2548	negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2533:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	11	116	theme	lower	1816:1820	arg1	content					1826:1832	a lower SFA content	1814:1832	a lower SFA content	1814:1832	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	0	117	theme	origin	45:50	arg1	products					65:72	origin Italian meat products	45:72	origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs	45:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	1	118	theme	heavy	277:281	arg1	pigs					283:286	heavy pigs	277:286	heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets	277:347	A study was conducted to evaluate the quality and sensory properties of protected designation of origin (PDO) Parma ham and Piacentina neck obtained from heavy pigs (Italian Duroc × Italian Large White) fed barley-based diets.
26440350	15	119	theme	products	2516:2523	arg1	production					2490:2499	the production	2486:2499	the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products	2486:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	11	120	theme	higher	1873:1878	arg1	<					1896:1896	< 0.05	1896:1901	< 0.05	1896:1901	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	11	120	theme	higher	1873:1878	arg1	number					1887:1892	a higher iodine number	1871:1892	a higher iodine number ( < 0.05)	1871:1902	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	0	121	theme	meat	60:63	arg1	products					65:72	origin Italian meat products	45:72	origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs	45:97	Characterization of protected designation of origin Italian meat products obtained from heavy pigs fed barley-based diets.
26440350	5	122	theme	specific	978:985	arg1	variables					996:1004	specific original variables	978:1004	specific original variables loading on each one	978:1024	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	7	123	theme	higher	1330:1335	arg1	<					1361:1361	< 0.05	1361:1366	< 0.05	1361:1366	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	7	123	theme	higher	1330:1335	arg1	ratio					1353:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio	1328:1357	a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05)	1328:1367	In particular, the meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets had a lower content of C18:2-6 and a higher omega-3:omega-6 ratio ( < 0.05) than the control.
26440350	5	124	theme	sensory	844:850	arg1	parameters					852:861	physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters	816:861	parameters	852:861	The data of physicochemical, color, and sensory parameters were separately analyzed by multivariate factor analysis, and interpretation of each extracted factor was based on specific original variables loading on each one.
26440350	15	125	theme	meat	2611:2614	arg1	products					2616:2623	meat products	2611:2623	meat products	2611:2623	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	11	126	theme	higher	1835:1840	arg1	PUFA					1842:1845	higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels	1835:1864	PUFA	1842:1845	In particular, the barrow SC had a lower SFA content, higher PUFA and C18:1-9 levels, and a higher iodine number ( < 0.05) than the gilt SC.
26440350	6	127	from	pigs	1137:1140	arg1	factors					1154:1160	the PUFA factors	1145:1160	the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3	1145:1197	The meat products obtained from pigs fed the barley-based diets differed from those obtained from the control pigs on the PUFA factors characterized by C18:2-6 and omega-3:omega-6 ratio.
26440350	2	128	dep	diet	421:424	arg1	2					406:406	2	406:406	2	406:406	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	15	129	from	effects	2542:2548	arg1	color					2574:2578	the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics	2553:2606	color	2574:2578	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	15	129	from	effects	2542:2548	arg1	characteristics					2592:2606	the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics	2553:2606	characteristics	2592:2606	In conclusion, barley could be used as a replacement for corn in heavy pig diets for the production of PDO Italian products without negative effects on the physicochemical, color, or sensory characteristics of meat products.
26440350	9	130	theme	subcutaneous	1584:1595	arg1	fat					1597:1599	subcutaneous fat	1584:1599	subcutaneous fat (SC)	1584:1604	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	9	130	theme	subcutaneous	1584:1595	arg1	SC					1602:1603	SC	1602:1603	SC	1602:1603	The fresh hams produced from pigs fed the barley-based diets had subcutaneous fat (SC) with a lower iodine number and a higher SFA level compared with those produced from the control pigs ( < 0.05).
26440350	12	131	theme	meat	1999:2002	arg1	products					2004:2011	meat products	1999:2011	meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets	1999:2054	There were no appreciable differences in the color and sensory properties of meat products obtained from pigs fed the different diets.
26440350	2	132	dep	diet	590:593	arg1	4					575:575	4	575:575	4	575:575	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	133	theme	barley	629:634	arg1	Alamo					645:649	Alamo	645:649	Alamo	645:649	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	2	133	theme	barley	629:634	arg1	variety					636:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety	607:642	a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo)	607:650	Four diets were tested: 1) a corn-based diet (control), 2) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulled barley variety (Cometa), 3) the control diet with 80% of a normal-amylose hulless barley variety (Astartis), and 4) the control diet with 80% of a low-amylose hulless barley variety (Alamo).
26440350	8	134	theme	fresh	1390:1394	arg1	hams					1396:1399	fresh hams	1390:1399	fresh hams	1390:1399	In fresh hams, iodine number and SFA (C16:0 and C18:0) in addition to PUFA and omega-3:omega-6 ratio loaded on the PUFA/SFA factor.
25882015	1	0	theme	local	306:310	arg1	administration					312:325	the local administration	302:325	the local administration of drugs	302:334	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	6	1	theme	high	985:988	arg1	viscosity					990:998	their high viscosity	979:998	their high viscosity at rest	979:1006	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	0	2	theme	acid	79:82	arg1	properties					54:63	rheological and syringeability properties	23:63	rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid	23:82	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	1	3	theme	work	149:152	arg1	aim					137:139	The aim	133:139	The aim of this work	133:152	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	1	4	theme	syringeability	229:242	arg1	properties					244:253	the syringeability properties	225:253	the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection	225:347	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	0	5	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	properties					54:63	rheological and syringeability properties	23:63	rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid	23:82	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	2	6	theme	gels	537:540	arg1	viscosity					502:510	viscosity	502:510	viscosity	502:510	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	2	6	theme	gels	537:540	arg1	elasticity					520:529	the elasticity	516:529	the elasticity	516:529	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	6	7	theme	HA	1149:1150	arg1	gels					1152:1155	HA gels	1149:1155	HA gels	1149:1155	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	1	8	theme	drugs	330:334	arg1	administration					312:325	the local administration	302:325	the local administration of drugs	302:334	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	2	9	theme	HA	534:535	arg1	gels					537:540	HA gels	534:540	HA gels	534:540	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	8	10	from	delivery	1459:1466	arg1	range					1423:1427	a wide range	1416:1427	a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1416:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	2	11	theme	chains	483:488	arg1	corona					453:458	a corona	451:458	a corona of polyethylene glycol chains	451:488	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	8	12	theme	versatile	1381:1389	arg1	gels					1347:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	8	12	theme	versatile	1381:1389	arg1	platform					1403:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform	1365:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1365:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	4	13	theme	resulting	722:730	arg1	effects					732:738	the resulting effects	718:738	the resulting effects of these interactions	718:760	The nature and the resulting effects of these interactions depended on liposome composition and concentration.
25882015	5	14	theme	highest	818:824	arg1	viscosity					826:834	viscosity	826:834	viscosity	826:834	The highest viscosity and elasticity were observed with liposomes covered by polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect.
25882015	0	15	theme	local	107:111	arg1	injection					113:121	local injection	107:121	local injection of drugs	107:130	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	2	16	theme	concentration-dependent	563:585	arg1	manner					587:592	a lipid concentration-dependent manner	555:592	a lipid concentration-dependent manner	555:592	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	6	17	theme	gels	1152:1155	arg1	behavior					1137:1144	the shear-thinning behavior	1118:1144	the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels	1118:1155	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	2	18	dep	viscosity	502:510	arg1	the					498:500	the	498:500	the	498:500	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	7	19	theme	syringeability	1210:1223	arg1	tests					1225:1229	rheological and syringeability tests	1194:1229	rheological and syringeability tests	1194:1229	The present study demonstrates that rheological and syringeability tests are both necessary to elucidate the behavior of such systems during and post injection.
25882015	2	20	theme	lipid	557:561	arg1	manner					587:592	a lipid concentration-dependent manner	555:592	a lipid concentration-dependent manner	555:592	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	0	21	theme	hyaluronic	68:77	arg1	acid					79:82	hyaluronic acid	68:82	hyaluronic acid	68:82	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	0	22	dep	hydrogels	84:92	arg1	intended					94:101	intended	94:101	hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs	84:130	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	3	23	theme	HA	648:649	arg1	chains					651:656	HA chains	648:656	HA chains	648:656	Indeed, liposomes strengthened the network formed by HA chains due to their interactions with this polymer.
25882015	7	24	theme	present	1162:1168	arg1	study					1170:1174	The present study	1158:1174	The present study	1158:1174	The present study demonstrates that rheological and syringeability tests are both necessary to elucidate the behavior of such systems during and post injection.
25882015	1	25	theme	hyaluronic	258:267	arg1	HA					275:276	HA	275:276	HA	275:276	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	1	25	theme	hyaluronic	258:267	arg1	acid					269:272	hyaluronic acid	258:272	hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection	258:347	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	1	26	theme	acid	269:272	arg1	hydrogels					279:287	hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels	258:287	hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection	258:347	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	0	27	theme	drugs	126:130	arg1	injection					113:121	local injection	107:121	local injection of drugs	107:130	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	4	28	theme	liposome	774:781	arg1	composition					783:793	liposome composition	774:793	liposome composition	774:793	The nature and the resulting effects of these interactions depended on liposome composition and concentration.
25882015	5	29	theme	neutral	924:930	arg1	liposomes					932:940	neutral liposomes	924:940	neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect	924:968	The highest viscosity and elasticity were observed with liposomes covered by polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect.
25882015	0	30	theme	liposomes	10:18	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid	0:82	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	5	31	theme	lowest	956:961	arg1	effect					963:968	the lowest effect	952:968	the lowest effect	952:968	The highest viscosity and elasticity were observed with liposomes covered by polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect.
25882015	8	32	theme	promising	1367:1375	arg1	gels					1347:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	8	32	theme	promising	1367:1375	arg1	platform					1403:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform	1365:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1365:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	6	33	theme	shear-thinning	1122:1135	arg1	behavior					1137:1144	the shear-thinning behavior	1118:1144	the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels	1118:1155	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	8	34	theme	wide	1418:1421	arg1	range					1423:1427	a wide range	1416:1427	a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1416:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	6	35	from	rest	1003:1006	arg1	viscosity					990:998	their high viscosity	979:998	their high viscosity at rest	979:1006	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	7	36	theme	systems	1284:1290	arg1	behavior					1267:1274	the behavior	1263:1274	the behavior of such systems during and post injection	1263:1316	The present study demonstrates that rheological and syringeability tests are both necessary to elucidate the behavior of such systems during and post injection.
25882015	2	37	theme	liposomes	386:394	arg1	characteristics					363:377	the characteristics	359:377	the characteristics of the liposomes	359:394	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	0	38	theme	rheological	23:33	arg1	properties					54:63	rheological and syringeability properties	23:63	rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid	23:82	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	2	39	dep	neutral	403:409	arg1	size					491:494	size	491:494	size	491:494	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	2	40	theme	glycol	476:481	arg1	chains					483:488	polyethylene glycol chains	463:488	polyethylene glycol chains	463:488	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	1	41	theme	hydrogels	279:287	arg1	properties					244:253	the syringeability properties	225:253	the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection	225:347	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	8	42	theme	applications	1432:1443	arg1	range					1423:1427	a wide range	1416:1427	a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1416:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	8	43	theme	formulation	1391:1401	arg1	gels					1347:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	8	43	theme	formulation	1391:1401	arg1	platform					1403:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform	1365:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1365:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	2	44	with	neutral	403:409	arg1	corona					453:458	a corona	451:458	a corona of polyethylene glycol chains	451:488	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	0	45	theme	syringeability	39:52	arg1	properties					54:63	rheological and syringeability properties	23:63	rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid	23:82	Effect of liposomes on rheological and syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid hydrogels intended for local injection of drugs.
25882015	8	46	theme	drug	1454:1457	arg1	delivery					1459:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	2	47	dep	added	396:400	arg1	neutral					403:409	neutral	403:409	neutral	403:409	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	7	48	theme	such	1279:1282	arg1	systems					1284:1290	such systems	1279:1290	such systems	1279:1290	The present study demonstrates that rheological and syringeability tests are both necessary to elucidate the behavior of such systems during and post injection.
25882015	8	49	theme	local	1448:1452	arg1	delivery					1459:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	1	50	from	effect	182:187	arg1	rheological					209:219	rheological	209:219	rheological	209:219	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	1	50	from	effect	182:187	arg1	properties					244:253	the syringeability properties	225:253	the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection	225:347	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	5	51	theme	polyethylene	891:902	arg1	glycol					904:909	polyethylene glycol	891:909	polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect	891:968	The highest viscosity and elasticity were observed with liposomes covered by polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect.
25882015	8	52	theme	liposomal	1337:1345	arg1	gels					1347:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	HA liposomal gels	1334:1350	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	8	52	theme	liposomal	1337:1345	arg1	platform					1403:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform	1365:1410	a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery	1365:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	5	53	theme	glycol	904:909	arg1	chains					911:916	polyethylene glycol chains	891:916	polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect	891:968	The highest viscosity and elasticity were observed with liposomes covered by polyethylene glycol chains while neutral liposomes displayed the lowest effect.
25882015	3	54	with	interactions	671:682	arg1	polymer					694:700	this polymer	689:700	this polymer	689:700	Indeed, liposomes strengthened the network formed by HA chains due to their interactions with this polymer.
25882015	6	55	theme	thanks	1108:1113	arg1	injections					1097:1106	local injections	1091:1106	local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels	1091:1155	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	2	56	theme	polyethylene	463:474	arg1	glycol					476:481	polyethylene glycol	463:481	polyethylene glycol chains	463:488	Whatever the characteristics of the liposomes added (neutral, positively or negatively charged, with a corona of polyethylene glycol chains, size), the viscosity and the elasticity of HA gels increased in a lipid concentration-dependent manner.
25882015	1	57	theme	liposomes	192:200	arg1	effect					182:187	the effect	178:187	the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection	178:347	The aim of this work was to thoroughly study the effect of liposomes on the rheological and the syringeability properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels intended for the local administration of drugs by injection.
25882015	4	58	theme	interactions	749:760	arg1	effects					732:738	the resulting effects	718:738	the resulting effects of these interactions	718:760	The nature and the resulting effects of these interactions depended on liposome composition and concentration.
25882015	4	58	theme	interactions	749:760	arg1	nature					707:712	The nature	703:712	The nature	703:712	The nature and the resulting effects of these interactions depended on liposome composition and concentration.
25882015	6	59	theme	local	1091:1095	arg1	injections					1097:1106	local injections	1091:1106	local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels	1091:1155	Despite their high viscosity at rest, all the formulations remained easily injectable through needles commonly used for local injections thanks to the shear-thinning behavior of HA gels.
25882015	8	60	from	range	1423:1427	arg1	delivery					1459:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	8	61	from	applications	1432:1443	arg1	delivery					1459:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	local drug delivery	1448:1466	In conclusion, HA liposomal gels appear to be a promising and versatile formulation platform for a wide range of applications in local drug delivery when an injection is required.
25882015	7	62	theme	rheological	1194:1204	arg1	tests					1225:1229	rheological and syringeability tests	1194:1229	rheological and syringeability tests	1194:1229	The present study demonstrates that rheological and syringeability tests are both necessary to elucidate the behavior of such systems during and post injection.
26343162	12	0	theme	bacteria	1860:1867	arg1	membrane					1834:1841	the outer membrane	1824:1841	the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1824:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	4	1	theme	asymmetrical	596:607	arg1	membrane					615:622	the asymmetrical outer membrane	592:622	the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	592:648	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	5	2	theme	monolayers	682:691	arg1	composition					661:671	The lipid composition	651:671	The lipid composition of these monolayers	651:691	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	6	3	theme	interfacial	899:909	arg1	behavior					911:918	the interfacial behavior	895:918	the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	895:987	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	4	4	theme	membrane	615:622	arg1	leaflets					580:587	the two leaflets	572:587	the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	572:648	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	2	5	theme	anti-infectious	276:290	arg1	therapies					292:300	new anti-infectious therapies	272:300	new anti-infectious therapies	272:300	In the development of new anti-infectious therapies, antimicrobial peptides appear as promising candidates.
26343162	12	6	theme	outer	1828:1832	arg1	membrane					1834:1841	the outer membrane	1824:1841	the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1824:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	5	7	theme	lipid	655:659	arg1	composition					661:671	The lipid composition	651:671	The lipid composition of these monolayers	651:691	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	11	8	theme	α	1641:1641	arg1	helices					1643:1649	α helices	1641:1649	α helices	1641:1649	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	3	9	theme	bacterial	402:410	arg1	membranes					412:420	bacterial membranes	402:420	bacterial membranes	402:420	However, their mechanisms of action against bacterial membranes are still poorly understood.
26343162	5	10	theme	inner	868:872	arg1	one					874:876	the inner one	864:876	the inner one	864:876	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	12	11	theme	external	1804:1811	arg1	leaflet					1813:1819	the external leaflet	1800:1819	the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1800:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	8	12	theme	electrostatic	1278:1290	arg1	interactions					1292:1303	attractive electrostatic interactions	1267:1303	attractive electrostatic interactions	1267:1303	The penetration was particularly enhanced for PTCDA1-KF into the mixed LPS monolayer, due to attractive electrostatic interactions.
26343162	6	13	theme	modified	943:950	arg1	plasticins					978:987	native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	923:987	native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	923:987	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	0	14	theme	outer	126:130	arg1	membrane					132:139	the outer membrane	122:139	the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	122:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	1	15	theme	a	221:221	arg1	issue					243:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become today a major public health issue.
26343162	8	16	theme	LPS	1245:1247	arg1	monolayer					1249:1257	the mixed LPS monolayer	1235:1257	the mixed LPS monolayer	1235:1257	The penetration was particularly enhanced for PTCDA1-KF into the mixed LPS monolayer, due to attractive electrostatic interactions.
26343162	4	17	theme	first	471:475	arg1	time					477:480	the first time	467:480	the first time	467:480	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	5	18	dep	595	741:743	arg1	S-form					766:771	mutant and wild type S-form	745:771	mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet	745:821	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	0	19	theme	bacteria	158:165	arg1	membrane					132:139	the outer membrane	122:139	the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	122:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	6	20	theme	better	1021:1026	arg1	properties					1036:1045	better surface properties	1021:1045	better surface properties	1021:1045	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	6	21	dep	native	923:928	arg1	PTCDA1-KF					953:961	PTCDA1-KF	953:961	PTCDA1-KF	953:961	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	6	21	dep	native	923:928	arg1	PTCDA1					931:936	PTCDA1	931:936	PTCDA1	931:936	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	9	22	theme	Grazing	1306:1312	arg1	diffraction					1320:1330	Grazing X-ray diffraction	1306:1330	Grazing X-ray diffraction	1306:1330	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	5	23	theme	SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin	828:848	arg1	mixtures					722:729	mixtures	722:729	that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5)	700:858	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	0	24	theme	LPS	73:75	arg1	monolayers					77:86	LPS monolayers	73:86	LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	73:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	5	25	from	enterica	789:796	arg1	S-form					766:771	mutant and wild type S-form	745:771	mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet	745:821	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	0	26	theme	membrane	132:139	arg1	leaflet					111:117	the external leaflet	98:117	the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	98:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	5	27	theme	mutant	745:750	arg1	S-form					766:771	mutant and wild type S-form	745:771	mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet	745:821	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	9	28	theme	atomic	1336:1341	arg1	microscopy					1349:1358	atomic force microscopy	1336:1358	atomic force microscopy	1336:1358	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	6	29	theme	antimicrobial	964:976	arg1	plasticins					978:987	native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	923:987	native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	923:987	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	5	30	theme	wild	756:759	arg1	S-form					766:771	mutant and wild type S-form	745:771	mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet	745:821	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	9	31	theme	microscopy	1349:1358	arg1	studies					1360:1366	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies	1306:1366	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies	1306:1366	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	12	32	theme	penetration	1735:1745	arg1	mechanism					1747:1755	the penetration mechanism	1731:1755	the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1731:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	10	33	theme	light	1511:1515	arg1	scattering					1517:1526	light scattering	1511:1526	light scattering	1511:1526	The interaction of plasticins with liposomes was also monitored by light scattering and circular dichroism techniques.
26343162	10	34	dep	scattering	1517:1526	arg1	techniques					1551:1560	techniques	1551:1560	techniques	1551:1560	The interaction of plasticins with liposomes was also monitored by light scattering and circular dichroism techniques.
26343162	4	35	dep	interaction	486:496	arg1	the					482:484	the	482:484	the	482:484	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	12	36	theme	main	1717:1720	arg1	steps					1722:1726	The main steps	1713:1726	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1713:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	9	37	theme	LPS	1392:1394	arg1	organization					1407:1418	LPS monolayers organization	1392:1418	LPS monolayers organization	1392:1418	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	0	38	theme	plasticins	57:66	arg1	interaction					42:52	the interaction	38:52	the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	38:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	11	39	theme	native	1664:1669	arg1	one					1671:1673	the native one	1660:1673	the native one	1660:1673	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	5	40	theme	external	806:813	arg1	leaflet					815:821	the external leaflet	802:821	the external leaflet	802:821	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	11	41	dep	achieved	1591:1598	arg1	whereas					1652:1658	whereas	1652:1658	whereas	1652:1658	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	2	42	theme	promising	336:344	arg1	candidates					346:355	promising candidates	336:355	promising candidates	336:355	In the development of new anti-infectious therapies, antimicrobial peptides appear as promising candidates.
26343162	9	43	theme	peptide	1425:1431	arg1	insertion					1433:1441	peptide insertion	1425:1441	peptide insertion	1425:1441	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	12	44	theme	Gram-negative	1846:1858	arg1	bacteria					1860:1867	Gram-negative bacteria	1846:1867	Gram-negative bacteria	1846:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	0	45	with	interaction	42:52	arg1	monolayers					77:86	LPS monolayers	73:86	LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	73:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	1	46	theme	health	236:241	arg1	issue					243:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become today a major public health issue.
26343162	6	47	theme	native	923:928	arg1	plasticins					978:987	native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	923:987	native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	923:987	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	0	48	dep	Charge	0:5	arg1	pattern					23:29	pattern	23:29	pattern	23:29	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	4	49	theme	bacteria	641:648	arg1	membrane					615:622	the asymmetrical outer membrane	592:622	the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	592:648	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	6	50	theme	behavior	911:918	arg1	analysis					883:890	The analysis	879:890	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	879:987	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	7	51	theme	model	1119:1123	arg1	monolayers					1125:1134	the model monolayers	1115:1134	the model monolayers	1115:1134	Both peptides could penetrate into the model monolayers at concentrations higher than 0.1 μM.
26343162	2	52	theme	therapies	292:300	arg1	development					257:267	the development	253:267	the development of new anti-infectious therapies	253:300	In the development of new anti-infectious therapies, antimicrobial peptides appear as promising candidates.
26343162	10	53	with	interaction	1448:1458	arg1	liposomes					1479:1487	liposomes	1479:1487	liposomes	1479:1487	The interaction of plasticins with liposomes was also monitored by light scattering and circular dichroism techniques.
26343162	12	54	theme	membrane	1834:1841	arg1	leaflet					1813:1819	the external leaflet	1800:1819	the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1800:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	4	55	theme	outer	609:613	arg1	membrane					615:622	the asymmetrical outer membrane	592:622	the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	592:648	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	11	56	theme	full	1600:1603	arg1	disaggregation					1605:1618	full disaggregation	1600:1618	full disaggregation	1600:1618	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	2	57	theme	new	272:274	arg1	therapies					292:300	new anti-infectious therapies	272:300	new anti-infectious therapies	272:300	In the development of new anti-infectious therapies, antimicrobial peptides appear as promising candidates.
26343162	1	58	theme	Bacterial	168:176	arg1	resistance					178:187	Bacterial resistance	168:187	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics	168:202	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become today a major public health issue.
26343162	10	59	theme	plasticins	1463:1472	arg1	interaction					1448:1458	The interaction	1444:1458	The interaction of plasticins with liposomes	1444:1487	The interaction of plasticins with liposomes was also monitored by light scattering and circular dichroism techniques.
26343162	9	60	theme	diffraction	1320:1330	arg1	studies					1360:1366	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies	1306:1366	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies	1306:1366	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	12	61	theme	leaflet	1813:1819	arg1	models					1790:1795	lipid models	1784:1795	lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1784:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	8	62	theme	due	1260:1262	arg1	monolayer					1249:1257	the mixed LPS monolayer	1235:1257	the mixed LPS monolayer	1235:1257	The penetration was particularly enhanced for PTCDA1-KF into the mixed LPS monolayer, due to attractive electrostatic interactions.
26343162	2	63	theme	antimicrobial	303:315	arg1	peptides					317:324	antimicrobial peptides	303:324	antimicrobial peptides	303:324	In the development of new anti-infectious therapies, antimicrobial peptides appear as promising candidates.
26343162	8	64	theme	attractive	1267:1276	arg1	interactions					1292:1303	attractive electrostatic interactions	1267:1303	attractive electrostatic interactions	1267:1303	The penetration was particularly enhanced for PTCDA1-KF into the mixed LPS monolayer, due to attractive electrostatic interactions.
26343162	5	65	theme	LPS	734:736	arg1	595					741:743	LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5)	734:858	595	741:743	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	1	66	theme	today	215:219	arg1	issue					243:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become today a major public health issue.
26343162	0	67	theme	Gram-negative	144:156	arg1	bacteria					158:165	Gram-negative bacteria	144:165	Gram-negative bacteria	144:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	11	68	from	structuration	1624:1636	arg1	helices					1643:1649	α helices	1641:1649	α helices	1641:1649	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	8	69	theme	mixed	1239:1243	arg1	monolayer					1249:1257	the mixed LPS monolayer	1235:1257	the mixed LPS monolayer	1235:1257	The penetration was particularly enhanced for PTCDA1-KF into the mixed LPS monolayer, due to attractive electrostatic interactions.
26343162	12	70	theme	plasticins	1768:1777	arg1	mechanism					1747:1755	the penetration mechanism	1731:1755	the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1731:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	6	71	theme	surface	1028:1034	arg1	properties					1036:1045	better surface properties	1021:1045	better surface properties	1021:1045	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	5	72	theme	type	761:764	arg1	S-form					766:771	mutant and wild type S-form	745:771	mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet	745:821	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	12	73	theme	lipid	1784:1788	arg1	models					1790:1795	lipid models	1784:1795	lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1784:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	4	74	theme	plasticins	517:526	arg1	penetration					502:512	penetration	502:512	penetration	502:512	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	4	74	theme	plasticins	517:526	arg1	interaction					486:496	interaction	486:496	interaction	486:496	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	1	75	theme	major	223:227	arg1	issue					243:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become today a major public health issue.
26343162	11	76	theme	cationic	1572:1579	arg1	plasticin					1581:1589	Only the cationic plasticin	1563:1589	Only the cationic plasticin	1563:1589	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	9	77	theme	X-ray	1314:1318	arg1	diffraction					1320:1330	Grazing X-ray diffraction	1306:1330	Grazing X-ray diffraction	1306:1330	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	11	78	from	disaggregation	1605:1618	arg1	helices					1643:1649	α helices	1641:1649	α helices	1641:1649	Only the cationic plasticin achieved full disaggregation and structuration in α helices, whereas the native one remained aggregated and unstructured.
26343162	12	79	theme	mechanism	1747:1755	arg1	steps					1722:1726	The main steps	1713:1726	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	1713:1867	The main steps of the penetration mechanism of the two plasticins into lipid models of the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria have been established.
26343162	4	80	theme	lipid	533:537	arg1	monolayers					539:548	lipid monolayers and bilayers	533:561	monolayers	539:548	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	5	81	theme	595	741:743	arg1	mixtures					722:729	mixtures	722:729	that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5)	700:858	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	4	82	dep	monolayers	539:548	arg1	modeling					563:570	modeling	563:570	modeling	563:570	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	6	83	theme	plasticins	978:987	arg1	behavior					911:918	the interfacial behavior	895:918	the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins	895:987	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	9	84	theme	force	1343:1347	arg1	microscopy					1349:1358	atomic force microscopy	1336:1358	atomic force microscopy	1336:1358	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	9	85	from	changes	1381:1387	arg1	organization					1407:1418	LPS monolayers organization	1392:1418	LPS monolayers organization	1392:1418	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	5	86	dep	that	700:703	arg1	mixtures					722:729	mixtures	722:729	that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5)	700:858	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	6	87	theme	unmodified	1056:1065	arg1	counterpart					1067:1077	its unmodified counterpart	1052:1077	its unmodified counterpart	1052:1077	The analysis of the interfacial behavior of native (PTCDA1) and modified (PTCDA1-KF) antimicrobial plasticins showed that PTCDA1-KF exhibited better surface properties than its unmodified counterpart.
26343162	3	88	theme	action	387:392	arg1	mechanisms					373:382	their mechanisms	367:382	their mechanisms of action against bacterial membranes	367:420	However, their mechanisms of action against bacterial membranes are still poorly understood.
26343162	10	89	theme	circular	1532:1539	arg1	dichroism					1541:1549	circular dichroism	1532:1549	circular dichroism	1532:1549	The interaction of plasticins with liposomes was also monitored by light scattering and circular dichroism techniques.
26343162	0	90	theme	external	102:109	arg1	leaflet					111:117	the external leaflet	98:117	the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria	98:165	Charge and aggregation pattern govern the interaction of plasticins with LPS monolayers mimicking the external leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	7	91	theme	higher	1154:1159	arg1	concentrations					1139:1152	concentrations	1139:1152	concentrations higher than 0.1 μM	1139:1171	Both peptides could penetrate into the model monolayers at concentrations higher than 0.1 μM.
26343162	9	92	theme	monolayers	1396:1405	arg1	organization					1407:1418	LPS monolayers organization	1392:1418	LPS monolayers organization	1392:1418	Grazing X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy studies revealed the changes in LPS monolayers organization upon peptide insertion.
26343162	5	93	theme	Re	738:739	arg1	595					741:743	LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5)	734:858	595	741:743	The lipid composition of these monolayers mimics that of each leaflet: mixtures of LPS Re 595 mutant and wild type S-form from Salmonella enterica for the external leaflet, and SOPE/SOPG/cardiolipin (80/15/5) for the inner one.
26343162	4	94	theme	Gram-negative	627:639	arg1	bacteria					641:648	Gram-negative bacteria	627:648	Gram-negative bacteria	627:648	We describe for the first time the interaction and penetration of plasticins into lipid monolayers and bilayers modeling the two leaflets of the asymmetrical outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
26343162	1	95	theme	public	229:234	arg1	issue					243:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	today a major public health issue	215:247	Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become today a major public health issue.
25950142	8	0	theme	acid	1001:1004	arg1	composition					1006:1016	a uniform fatty acid composition	985:1016	a uniform fatty acid composition	985:1016	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	12	1	theme	duckweed	1590:1597	arg1	species					1599:1605	four duckweed species	1585:1605	four duckweed species	1585:1605	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	3	2	from	China	492:496	arg1	composition					462:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition	413:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China	413:496	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	3	2	from	China	492:496	arg1	duckweeds					477:485	duckweeds	477:485	duckweeds from China	477:496	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	9	3	theme	dry	1197:1199	arg1	weight					1201:1206	dry weight	1197:1206	dry weight	1197:1206	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	8	4	theme	fatty	995:999	arg1	composition					1006:1016	a uniform fatty acid composition	985:1016	a uniform fatty acid composition	985:1016	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	12	5	theme	TAG	1720:1722	arg1	composition					1692:1702	composition	1692:1702	composition	1692:1702	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	12	5	theme	TAG	1720:1722	arg1	content					1680:1686	content	1680:1686	content	1680:1686	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	0	6	from	Survey	0:5	arg1	acid					58:61	total fatty acid	46:61	total fatty acid	46:61	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	6	from	Survey	0:5	arg1	profiles					81:88	profiles	81:88	profiles of representative strains	81:114	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	6	from	Survey	0:5	arg1	Chao					37:40	Chao	37:40	Chao	37:40	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	6	from	Survey	0:5	arg1	triacylglycerol					64:78	triacylglycerol	64:78	triacylglycerol	64:78	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	10	7	theme	similar	1312:1318	arg1	contents					1324:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	7	theme	similar	1312:1318	arg1	DW					1345:1346	0.02% mg · DW	1334:1346	0.02% mg · DW(-1)	1334:1350	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	3	8	from	composition	462:472	arg1	China					492:496	China	492:496	China	492:496	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	2	9	theme	potential	272:280	arg1	feedstock					282:290	potential feedstock	272:290	potential feedstock for biofuels	272:303	Their high growth rate, starch content and suitability for bioremediation make them potential feedstock for biofuels.
25950142	12	10	theme	duckweeds	1507:1515	arg1	diversity					1494:1502	the genetic diversity	1482:1502	the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao	1482:1530	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	4	11	theme	duckweed	540:547	arg1	population					549:558	a natural duckweed population	530:558	a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China,	530:591	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	12	12	dep	content	1680:1686	arg1	the					1676:1678	the	1676:1678	the	1676:1678	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	9	13	dep	1.62	1249:1252	arg1	to					1246:1247	to	1246:1247	to	1246:1247	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	9	13	dep	1.62	1249:1252	arg1	S.					1233:1234	S.	1233:1234	S.	1233:1234	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	8	14	theme	duckweed	959:966	arg1	species					968:974	The four duckweed species	950:974	The four duckweed species	950:974	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	4	15	theme	natural	532:538	arg1	population					549:558	a natural duckweed population	530:558	a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China,	530:591	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	3	16	theme	duckweed	327:334	arg1	resources					336:344	few natural duckweed resources	315:344	few natural duckweed resources	315:344	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	9	17	from	TFA	1137:1139	arg1	biomass					1144:1150	biomass	1144:1150	biomass	1144:1150	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	10	18	theme	mg	1340:1341	arg1	contents					1324:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	18	theme	mg	1340:1341	arg1	-1					1348:1349	-1	1348:1349	-1	1348:1349	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	18	theme	mg	1340:1341	arg1	DW					1345:1346	0.02% mg · DW	1334:1346	0.02% mg · DW(-1)	1334:1350	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	11	19	theme	fatty	1357:1361	arg1	different					1389:1397	different	1389:1397	different	1389:1397	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	11	19	theme	fatty	1357:1361	arg1	profiles					1368:1375	The fatty acid profiles	1353:1375	The fatty acid profiles of TAG	1353:1382	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	10	20	theme	TAG	1320:1322	arg1	contents					1324:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	20	theme	TAG	1320:1322	arg1	DW					1345:1346	0.02% mg · DW	1334:1346	0.02% mg · DW(-1)	1334:1350	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	4	21	theme	multilocus	616:625	arg1	MLST					644:647	MLST	644:647	MLST	644:647	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	4	21	theme	multilocus	616:625	arg1	typing					636:641	multilocus sequence typing	616:641	multilocus sequence typing (MLST)	616:648	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	3	22	theme	total	413:417	arg1	TFA					431:433	TFA	431:433	TFA	431:433	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	3	22	theme	total	413:417	arg1	acid					425:428	total fatty acid	413:428	total fatty acid (TFA)	413:434	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	10	23	theme	%	1338:1338	arg1	contents					1324:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	23	theme	%	1338:1338	arg1	-1					1348:1349	-1	1348:1349	-1	1348:1349	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	23	theme	%	1338:1338	arg1	DW					1345:1346	0.02% mg · DW	1334:1346	0.02% mg · DW(-1)	1334:1350	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	7	24	theme	diversification	895:909	arg1	degree					877:882	a surprisingly high degree	857:882	a surprisingly high degree of genetic diversification within L. aequinoctialis	857:934	Interestingly, a surprisingly high degree of genetic diversification within L. aequinoctialis was observed.
25950142	9	25	theme	Wolffia	1259:1265	arg1	globosa					1267:1273	Wolffia globosa	1259:1273	Wolffia globosa	1259:1273	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	12	26	theme	genetic	1486:1492	arg1	diversity					1494:1502	the genetic diversity	1482:1502	the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao	1482:1530	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	3	27	theme	fatty	419:423	arg1	TFA					431:433	TFA	431:433	TFA	431:433	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	3	27	theme	fatty	419:423	arg1	acid					425:428	total fatty acid	413:428	total fatty acid (TFA)	413:434	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	5	28	theme	distinct	733:740	arg1	types					751:755	12 distinct sequence types	730:755	12 distinct sequence types	730:755	The 54 strains were categorised into four species in four genera, representing 12 distinct sequence types.
25950142	10	29	theme	0.02	1334:1337	arg1	%					1338:1338	%	1338:1338	%	1338:1338	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	0	30	theme	fatty	52:56	arg1	acid					58:61	total fatty acid	46:61	total fatty acid	46:61	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	30	theme	fatty	52:56	arg1	profiles					81:88	profiles	81:88	profiles of representative strains	81:114	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	30	theme	fatty	52:56	arg1	triacylglycerol					64:78	triacylglycerol	64:78	triacylglycerol	64:78	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	8	31	theme	linoleic	1058:1065	arg1	acid					1067:1070	linoleic acid	1058:1070	linoleic acid	1058:1070	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	31	theme	linoleic	1058:1065	arg1	acids					1036:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	1	32	theme	aquatic	162:168	arg1	plants					180:185	aquatic flowering plants	162:185	aquatic flowering plants	162:185	Lemnaceae (duckweeds) are widely distributed aquatic flowering plants.
25950142	5	33	theme	sequence	742:749	arg1	types					751:755	12 distinct sequence types	730:755	12 distinct sequence types	730:755	The 54 strains were categorised into four species in four genera, representing 12 distinct sequence types.
25950142	9	34	theme	L.	1217:1218	arg1	punctata					1220:1227	L. punctata	1217:1227	L. punctata	1217:1227	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	8	35	theme	fatty	1030:1034	arg1	acid					1052:1055	palmitic acid	1043:1055	palmitic acid	1043:1055	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	35	theme	fatty	1030:1034	arg1	acid					1067:1070	linoleic acid	1058:1070	linoleic acid	1058:1070	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	35	theme	fatty	1030:1034	arg1	acid					1086:1089	linolenic acid	1076:1089	linolenic acid	1076:1089	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	35	theme	fatty	1030:1034	arg1	acids					1036:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	36	theme	uniform	987:993	arg1	composition					1006:1016	a uniform fatty acid composition	985:1016	a uniform fatty acid composition	985:1016	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	1	37	theme	flowering	170:178	arg1	plants					180:185	aquatic flowering plants	162:185	aquatic flowering plants	162:185	Lemnaceae (duckweeds) are widely distributed aquatic flowering plants.
25950142	0	38	theme	diversity	19:27	arg1	Survey					0:5	Survey	0:5	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.	0:115	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	39	theme	strains	108:114	arg1	acid					58:61	total fatty acid	46:61	total fatty acid	46:61	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	39	theme	strains	108:114	arg1	profiles					81:88	profiles	81:88	profiles of representative strains	81:114	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	7	40	theme	genetic	887:893	arg1	diversification					895:909	genetic diversification	887:909	genetic diversification	887:909	Interestingly, a surprisingly high degree of genetic diversification within L. aequinoctialis was observed.
25950142	0	41	theme	duckweed	10:17	arg1	diversity					19:27	duckweed diversity	10:27	duckweed diversity	10:27	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	42	theme	representative	93:106	arg1	strains					108:114	representative strains	93:114	representative strains	93:114	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	11	43	from	those	1404:1408	arg1	different					1389:1397	different	1389:1397	different	1389:1397	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	11	43	from	those	1404:1408	arg1	profiles					1368:1375	The fatty acid profiles	1353:1375	The fatty acid profiles of TAG	1353:1382	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	10	44	theme	duckweed	1285:1292	arg1	species					1294:1300	The four duckweed species	1276:1300	The four duckweed species	1276:1300	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	12	45	theme	other	1743:1747	arg1	studies					1749:1755	other studies	1743:1755	other studies	1743:1755	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	4	46	theme	genetic	509:515	arg1	diversity					517:525	the genetic diversity	505:525	the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China,	505:591	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	12	47	theme	TFA	1712:1714	arg1	composition					1692:1702	composition	1692:1702	composition	1692:1702	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	12	47	theme	TFA	1712:1714	arg1	content					1680:1686	content	1680:1686	content	1680:1686	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	2	48	theme	starch	212:217	arg1	content					219:225	starch content	212:225	starch content	212:225	Their high growth rate, starch content and suitability for bioremediation make them potential feedstock for biofuels.
25950142	3	49	theme	acid	425:428	arg1	composition					462:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition	413:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China	413:496	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	10	50	contain	contained	1302:1310	arg2	contents					1324:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	50	contain	contained	1302:1310	arg2	DW					1345:1346	0.02% mg · DW	1334:1346	0.02% mg · DW(-1)	1334:1350	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	50	contain	contained	1302:1310	arg1	species					1294:1300	The four duckweed species	1276:1300	The four duckweed species	1276:1300	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	51	theme	·	1343:1343	arg1	contents					1324:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	similar TAG contents	1312:1331	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	51	theme	·	1343:1343	arg1	-1					1348:1349	-1	1348:1349	-1	1348:1349	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	10	51	theme	·	1343:1343	arg1	DW					1345:1346	0.02% mg · DW	1334:1346	0.02% mg · DW(-1)	1334:1350	The four duckweed species contained similar TAG contents, 0.02% mg · DW(-1).
25950142	12	52	theme	interspecific	1642:1654	arg1	variations					1656:1665	intraspecific and interspecific variations	1624:1665	intraspecific and interspecific variations	1624:1665	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	0	53	theme	total	46:50	arg1	acid					58:61	total fatty acid	46:61	total fatty acid	46:61	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	53	theme	total	46:50	arg1	profiles					81:88	profiles	81:88	profiles of representative strains	81:114	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	0	53	theme	total	46:50	arg1	triacylglycerol					64:78	triacylglycerol	64:78	triacylglycerol	64:78	Survey of duckweed diversity in Lake Chao and total fatty acid, triacylglycerol, profiles of representative strains.
25950142	12	54	from	Chao	1527:1530	arg1	duckweeds					1507:1515	duckweeds	1507:1515	duckweeds from Lake Chao	1507:1530	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	12	54	from	Chao	1527:1530	arg1	diversity					1494:1502	the genetic diversity	1482:1502	the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao	1482:1530	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	9	55	theme	weight	1201:1206	arg1	DW					1209:1210	DW	1209:1210	DW	1209:1210	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	9	55	theme	weight	1201:1206	arg1	%					1191:1191	1.05%	1187:1191	1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata	1187:1227	The TFA in biomass varied among species, ranging from 1.05% (of dry weight, DW) for L. punctata and S. polyrhiza to 1.62% for Wolffia globosa.
25950142	8	56	theme	palmitic	1043:1050	arg1	acid					1052:1055	palmitic acid	1043:1055	palmitic acid	1043:1055	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	56	theme	palmitic	1043:1050	arg1	acids					1036:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	2	57	theme	high	194:197	arg1	rate					206:209	Their high growth rate	188:209	Their high growth rate	188:209	Their high growth rate, starch content and suitability for bioremediation make them potential feedstock for biofuels.
25950142	2	58	theme	growth	199:204	arg1	rate					206:209	Their high growth rate	188:209	Their high growth rate	188:209	Their high growth rate, starch content and suitability for bioremediation make them potential feedstock for biofuels.
25950142	12	59	theme	intraspecific	1624:1636	arg1	variations					1656:1665	intraspecific and interspecific variations	1624:1665	intraspecific and interspecific variations	1624:1665	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	7	60	theme	high	872:875	arg1	degree					877:882	a surprisingly high degree	857:882	a surprisingly high degree of genetic diversification within L. aequinoctialis	857:934	Interestingly, a surprisingly high degree of genetic diversification within L. aequinoctialis was observed.
25950142	12	61	theme	initial	1549:1555	arg1	insight					1557:1563	an initial insight	1546:1563	an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species	1546:1605	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	8	62	theme	linolenic	1076:1084	arg1	acid					1086:1089	linolenic acid	1076:1089	linolenic acid	1076:1089	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	62	theme	linolenic	1076:1084	arg1	acids					1036:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	three fatty acids	1024:1040	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	11	63	theme	acid	1363:1366	arg1	different					1389:1397	different	1389:1397	different	1389:1397	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	11	63	theme	acid	1363:1366	arg1	profiles					1368:1375	The fatty acid profiles	1353:1375	The fatty acid profiles of TAG	1353:1382	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	4	64	theme	sequence	627:634	arg1	MLST					644:647	MLST	644:647	MLST	644:647	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	4	64	theme	sequence	627:634	arg1	typing					636:641	multilocus sequence typing	616:641	multilocus sequence typing (MLST)	616:648	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	12	65	with	comparison	1727:1736	arg1	studies					1749:1755	other studies	1743:1755	other studies	1743:1755	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	12	66	from	diversity	1494:1502	arg1	Chao					1527:1530	Chao	1527:1530	Chao	1527:1530	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	3	67	theme	triacylglycerol	440:454	arg1	composition					462:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition	413:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China	413:496	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	4	68	theme	population	549:558	arg1	diversity					517:525	the genetic diversity	505:525	the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China,	505:591	Here, the genetic diversity of a natural duckweed population collected from Lake Chao, China, was investigated using multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
25950142	3	69	theme	few	315:317	arg1	resources					336:344	few natural duckweed resources	315:344	few natural duckweed resources	315:344	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	5	70	from	species	693:699	arg1	genera					709:714	four genera	704:714	four genera	704:714	The 54 strains were categorised into four species in four genera, representing 12 distinct sequence types.
25950142	11	71	theme	TAG	1380:1382	arg1	different					1389:1397	different	1389:1397	different	1389:1397	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	11	71	theme	TAG	1380:1382	arg1	profiles					1368:1375	The fatty acid profiles	1353:1375	The fatty acid profiles of TAG	1353:1382	The fatty acid profiles of TAG were different from those of TFA, and also varied among the four species.
25950142	3	72	theme	natural	319:325	arg1	resources					336:344	few natural duckweed resources	315:344	few natural duckweed resources	315:344	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
25950142	8	73	theme	TFA	1128:1130	arg1	TFA					1128:1130	the TFA	1124:1130	the TFA	1124:1130	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	8	73	theme	TFA	1128:1130	arg1	%					1119:1119	more than 80%	1107:1119	more than 80% of the TFA	1107:1130	The four duckweed species revealed a uniform fatty acid composition, with three fatty acids, palmitic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, accounting for more than 80% of the TFA.
25950142	12	74	theme	species	1599:1605	arg1	TFA					1570:1572	TFA	1570:1572	TFA	1570:1572	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	12	74	theme	species	1599:1605	arg1	TAG					1578:1580	TAG	1578:1580	TAG	1578:1580	The survey investigated the genetic diversity of duckweeds from Lake Chao, and provides an initial insight into TFA and TAG of four duckweed species, indicating that intraspecific and interspecific variations exist in the content and composition of both TFA and TAG in comparison with other studies.
25950142	3	75	theme	duckweeds	477:485	arg1	composition					462:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition	413:472	total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China	413:496	However, few natural duckweed resources have been investigated in China, and there is no information about total fatty acid (TFA) and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of duckweeds from China.
27270967	5	0	theme	histologic	597:606	arg1	blocks					608:613	CTD histologic blocks	593:613	CTD histologic blocks	593:613	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	1	1	theme	agarose	206:212	arg1	blocks					214:219	multi-compartment agarose blocks	188:219	multi-compartment agarose blocks	188:219	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	5	2	theme	needle	678:683	arg1	specimens					692:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	2	3	theme	uniform	253:259	arg1	multiplexing					261:272	uniform multiplexing	253:272	uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments	253:313	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	4	theme	biopsy	685:690	arg1	specimens					692:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	5	theme	improved	623:630	arg1	sectioning					632:641	improved sectioning	623:641	improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies	623:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	2	6	theme	fragments	305:313	arg1	multiplexing					261:272	uniform multiplexing	253:272	uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments	253:313	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	7	theme	control	799:805	arg1	slides					807:812	control slides	799:812	control slides for laboratory proficiency testing	799:847	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	0	8	theme	Alternative	28:38	arg1	Tool					53:56	An Alternative Multipurpose Tool	25:56	An Alternative Multipurpose Tool for Microscopy	25:71	Cell and Tissue Display: An Alternative Multipurpose Tool for Microscopy.
27270967	2	9	theme	CTD-generated	226:238	arg1	blocks					240:245	The CTD-generated blocks	222:245	The CTD-generated blocks	222:245	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	10	theme	slides	807:812	arg1	generation					785:794	the generation	781:794	the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing	781:847	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	10	theme	slides	807:812	arg1	sectioning					632:641	improved sectioning	623:641	improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies	623:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	10	theme	slides	807:812	arg1	multiplexing					721:732	multiplexing	721:732	multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block	721:774	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	2	11	theme	lines	282:286	arg1	multiplexing					261:272	uniform multiplexing	253:272	uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments	253:313	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	12	dep	potential	575:583	arg1	uses					585:588	uses	585:588	uses of CTD histologic blocks	585:613	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	13	theme	single	763:768	arg1	block					770:774	a single block	761:774	a single block	761:774	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	4	14	theme	CTD	519:521	arg1	block					523:527	each CTD block	514:527	each CTD block	514:527	The composition of each CTD block can be customized based on intended use.
27270967	5	15	theme	CTD	593:595	arg1	blocks					608:613	CTD histologic blocks	593:613	CTD histologic blocks	593:613	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	2	16	theme	cell	277:280	arg1	lines					282:286	cell lines	277:286	cell lines	277:286	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	3	17	theme	CTD	397:399	arg1	blocks					401:406	the CTD blocks	393:406	the CTD blocks	393:406	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	4	18	theme	intended	556:563	arg1	use					565:567	intended use	556:567	intended use	556:567	The composition of each CTD block can be customized based on intended use.
27270967	5	19	theme	fragments	659:667	arg1	generation					785:794	the generation	781:794	the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing	781:847	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	19	theme	fragments	659:667	arg1	sectioning					632:641	improved sectioning	623:641	improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies	623:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	19	theme	fragments	659:667	arg1	multiplexing					721:732	multiplexing	721:732	multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block	721:774	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	1	20	theme	Tissue	113:118	arg1	Display					120:126	Cell and Tissue Display	104:126	Cell and Tissue Display (CTD)	104:132	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	1	20	theme	Tissue	113:118	arg1	CTD					129:131	CTD	129:131	CTD	129:131	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	3	21	theme	cells	380:384	arg1	distribution					353:364	The distribution	349:364	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks	349:406	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	4	22	theme	block	523:527	arg1	composition					499:509	The composition	495:509	The composition of each CTD block	495:527	The composition of each CTD block can be customized based on intended use.
27270967	4	22	theme	block	523:527	arg1	customized					536:545	customized	536:545	customized	536:545	The composition of each CTD block can be customized based on intended use.
27270967	5	23	theme	laboratory	818:827	arg1	testing					841:847	laboratory proficiency testing	818:847	laboratory proficiency testing	818:847	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	24	theme	tissue	737:742	arg1	fragments					744:752	tissue fragments	737:752	tissue fragments within a single block	737:774	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	1	25	theme	different	160:168	arg1	samples					177:183	16 or more different tissue samples	149:183	16 or more different tissue samples	149:183	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	0	26	theme	Multipurpose	40:51	arg1	Tool					53:56	An Alternative Multipurpose Tool	25:56	An Alternative Multipurpose Tool for Microscopy	25:71	Cell and Tissue Display: An Alternative Multipurpose Tool for Microscopy.
27270967	5	27	theme	proficiency	829:839	arg1	testing					841:847	laboratory proficiency testing	818:847	laboratory proficiency testing	818:847	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	3	28	theme	agarose	451:457	arg1	small					476:480	small	476:480	small	476:480	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	3	28	theme	agarose	451:457	arg1	compartments					459:470	the individual agarose compartments	436:470	the individual agarose compartments	436:470	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	3	29	theme	individual	369:378	arg1	cells					380:384	individual cells	369:384	individual cells	369:384	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	2	30	theme	tissue	298:303	arg1	fragments					305:313	small tissue fragments	292:313	small tissue fragments	292:313	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	31	theme	small	646:650	arg1	specimens					692:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	31	theme	small	646:650	arg1	biopsies					711:718	punch biopsies	705:718	punch biopsies	705:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	31	theme	small	646:650	arg1	fragments					659:667	small tissue fragments	646:667	small tissue fragments	646:667	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	1	32	theme	Cell	104:107	arg1	Display					120:126	Cell and Tissue Display	104:126	Cell and Tissue Display (CTD)	104:132	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	1	32	theme	Cell	104:107	arg1	CTD					129:131	CTD	129:131	CTD	129:131	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	1	33	theme	tissue	170:175	arg1	samples					177:183	16 or more different tissue samples	149:183	16 or more different tissue samples	149:183	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
27270967	5	34	theme	tissue	652:657	arg1	specimens					692:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	needle biopsy specimens	678:700	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	34	theme	tissue	652:657	arg1	biopsies					711:718	punch biopsies	705:718	punch biopsies	705:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	34	theme	tissue	652:657	arg1	fragments					659:667	small tissue fragments	646:667	small tissue fragments	646:667	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	3	35	theme	individual	440:449	arg1	small					476:480	small	476:480	small	476:480	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	3	35	theme	individual	440:449	arg1	compartments					459:470	the individual agarose compartments	436:470	the individual agarose compartments	436:470	The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform.
27270967	2	36	theme	small	292:296	arg1	fragments					305:313	small tissue fragments	292:313	small tissue fragments	292:313	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	37	theme	punch	705:709	arg1	biopsies					711:718	punch biopsies	705:718	punch biopsies	705:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	2	38	theme	histologic	331:340	arg1	block					342:346	a single histologic block	322:346	a single histologic block	322:346	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	5	39	theme	fragments	744:752	arg1	generation					785:794	the generation	781:794	the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing	781:847	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	39	theme	fragments	744:752	arg1	sectioning					632:641	improved sectioning	623:641	improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies	623:718	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	5	39	theme	fragments	744:752	arg1	multiplexing					721:732	multiplexing	721:732	multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block	721:774	Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
27270967	2	40	theme	single	324:329	arg1	block					342:346	a single histologic block	322:346	a single histologic block	322:346	The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block.
27270967	1	41	theme	multi-compartment	188:204	arg1	blocks					214:219	multi-compartment agarose blocks	188:219	multi-compartment agarose blocks	188:219	We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks.
25666711	1	0	theme	wall	150:153	arg1	enzymes					181:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	5	1	theme	Such	756:759	arg1	knowledge					761:769	Such knowledge	756:769	Such knowledge	756:769	Such knowledge will immensely help in bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
25666711	1	2	theme	virions	248:254	arg1	release					237:243	efficient release	227:243	efficient release of virions from bacteria	227:268	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	1	3	theme	peptidoglycan	155:167	arg1	enzymes					181:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	0	4	theme	case	84:87	arg1	study					89:93	a case study	82:93	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.	0:129	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	4	5	theme	linker	677:682	arg1	composition					684:694	linker composition	677:694	linker composition	677:694	We also show that linker composition is crucial for the inactivation of PG hydrolase in E. coli.
25666711	5	6	theme	antimicrobial	853:865	arg1	activity					867:874	narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	828:874	narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	828:874	Such knowledge will immensely help in bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
25666711	3	7	theme	such	548:551	arg1	interaction					553:563	such interaction	548:563	such interaction	548:563	Here, we demonstrate that such interaction occurs intramolecularly and is facilitated by a charged linker that connects the two domains.
25666711	1	8	theme	hydrolyzing	169:179	arg1	enzymes					181:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	5	9	theme	endolysins	812:821	arg1	bioengineering					794:807	bioengineering	794:807	bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	794:874	Such knowledge will immensely help in bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
25666711	2	10	from	inactive	493:500	arg1	Escherichiacoli					505:519	Escherichiacoli	505:519	Escherichiacoli	505:519	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	5	11	theme	narrow	828:833	arg1	activity					867:874	narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	828:874	narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	828:874	Such knowledge will immensely help in bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
25666711	2	12	theme	endolysin	466:474	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	12	theme	endolysin	466:474	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	13	theme	catalytic	390:398	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	13	theme	catalytic	390:398	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	14	theme	D29	462:464	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	15	theme	N-terminal	379:388	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	15	theme	N-terminal	379:388	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	0	16	theme	interaction	28:38	arg1	Modulation					0:9	Modulation	0:9	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.	0:129	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	1	17	from	bacteria	261:268	arg1	release					237:243	efficient release	227:243	efficient release of virions from bacteria	227:268	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	0	18	theme	domain-domain	14:26	arg1	interaction					28:38	domain-domain interaction	14:38	domain-domain interaction	14:38	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	1	19	theme	species-specific	280:295	arg1	killing					297:303	species-specific killing	280:303	species-specific killing of the host	280:315	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	0	20	theme	mycobacteriophage	98:114	arg1	endolysin					120:128	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	98:128	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	98:128	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	2	21	from	Escherichiacoli	505:519	arg1	inactive					493:500	inactive	493:500	inactive	493:500	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	22	theme	binding	425:431	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	22	theme	binding	425:431	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	0	23	theme	protein	44:50	arg1	function					52:59	protein function	44:59	protein function	44:59	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	2	24	theme	wall	420:423	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	24	theme	wall	420:423	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	25	theme	C-terminal	404:413	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	25	theme	C-terminal	404:413	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	0	26	theme	endolysin	120:128	arg1	study					89:93	a case study	82:93	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.	0:129	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	2	27	theme	mycobacteriophage	444:460	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	28	theme	cell	415:418	arg1	endolysin					466:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	444:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	2	28	theme	cell	415:418	arg1	domains					433:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains	379:439	N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	379:474	We have demonstrated previously that the interaction between N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal cell wall binding domains of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin makes the enzyme inactive in Escherichiacoli.
25666711	4	29	theme	PG	731:732	arg1	hydrolase					734:742	PG hydrolase	731:742	PG hydrolase	731:742	We also show that linker composition is crucial for the inactivation of PG hydrolase in E. coli.
25666711	0	30	theme	function	52:59	arg1	Modulation					0:9	Modulation	0:9	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.	0:129	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	1	31	theme	host	312:315	arg1	killing					297:303	species-specific killing	280:303	species-specific killing of the host	280:315	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	0	32	theme	D29	116:118	arg1	endolysin					120:128	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	98:128	mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin	98:128	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	3	33	theme	charged	613:619	arg1	linker					621:626	a charged linker	611:626	a charged linker that connects the two domains	611:656	Here, we demonstrate that such interaction occurs intramolecularly and is facilitated by a charged linker that connects the two domains.
25666711	5	34	with	bioengineering	794:807	arg1	activity					867:874	narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	828:874	narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity	828:874	Such knowledge will immensely help in bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
25666711	5	35	theme	broad	838:842	arg1	spectrum					844:851	broad spectrum	838:851	broad spectrum	838:851	Such knowledge will immensely help in bioengineering of endolysins with narrow or broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
25666711	4	36	theme	hydrolase	734:742	arg1	inactivation					715:726	the inactivation	711:726	the inactivation of PG hydrolase in E. coli	711:753	We also show that linker composition is crucial for the inactivation of PG hydrolase in E. coli.
25666711	1	37	theme	efficient	227:235	arg1	release					237:243	efficient release	227:243	efficient release of virions from bacteria	227:268	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	0	38	theme	charged	66:72	arg1	linker					74:79	a charged linker	64:79	a charged linker	64:79	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	1	39	theme	Phage-encoded	131:143	arg1	enzymes					181:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	0	40	dep	Modulation	0:9	arg1	study					89:93	a case study	82:93	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.	0:129	Modulation of domain-domain interaction and protein function by a charged linker: a case study of mycobacteriophage D29 endolysin.
25666711	1	41	theme	cell	145:148	arg1	enzymes					181:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes	131:187	Phage-encoded cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolyzing enzymes, called endolysins, are essential for efficient release of virions from bacteria, and show species-specific killing of the host.
25666711	4	42	from	inactivation	715:726	arg1	coli					750:753	E. coli	747:753	E. coli	747:753	We also show that linker composition is crucial for the inactivation of PG hydrolase in E. coli.
26440351	2	0	theme	fiber	517:521	arg1	area					539:542	muscle fiber cross-sectional area	510:542	muscle fiber cross-sectional area	510:542	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	4	1	theme	muscle	868:873	arg1	lipid					834:838	Protein, lipid, and DM content	825:854	lipid	834:838	Protein, lipid, and DM content of P. major muscle were not affected by selection ( > 0.05).
26440351	4	1	theme	muscle	868:873	arg1	content					848:854	Protein, lipid, and DM content	825:854	content	848:854	Protein, lipid, and DM content of P. major muscle were not affected by selection ( > 0.05).
26440351	1	2	theme	broiler	368:374	arg1	chickens					376:383	broiler chickens	368:383	broiler chickens	368:383	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	3	theme	pectoralis	213:222	arg1	muscle					241:246	pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	213:246	pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	213:246	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	2	4	theme	capillary	545:553	arg1	density					555:561	capillary density	545:561	capillary density	545:561	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	10	5	theme	blood	1998:2002	arg1	supply					2004:2009	muscle blood supply	1991:2009	muscle blood supply	1991:2009	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	7	6	dep	index	1443:1447	arg1	≤					1456:1456	≤ 0.05	1456:1461	≤ 0.05	1456:1461	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	7	6	dep	index	1443:1447	arg1	%					1453:1453	-23%	1450:1453	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	7	7	theme	reactive	1424:1431	arg1	substance					1433:1441	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance	1404:1441	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	8	8	theme	acid	1753:1756	arg1	pronounced					1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	8	theme	acid	1753:1756	arg1	taste					1758:1762	the acid taste	1749:1762	the acid taste	1749:1762	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	9	dep	affected	1618:1625	arg1	judged					1683:1688	judged	1683:1688	was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1679:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	5	10	theme	pHu-	1125:1128	arg1	line					1130:1133	the pHu- line	1121:1133	the pHu- line	1121:1133	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	1	11	theme	selection	169:177	arg1	impact					149:154	The impact	145:154	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat	145:346	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	7	12	theme	thiobarbituric	1404:1417	arg1	substance					1433:1441	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance	1404:1441	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	5	13	dep	%	1095:1095	arg1	≤					1098:1098	≤ 0.001	1098:1104	≤ 0.001	1098:1104	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	5	14	theme	residual	990:997	arg1	glycogen					999:1006	residual glycogen	990:1006	residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001)	990:1022	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	5	14	theme	residual	990:997	arg1	%					1012:1012	-16%	1009:1012	-16%	1009:1012	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	1	15	theme	ultimate	192:199	arg1	pHu					205:207	pHu	205:207	pHu	205:207	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	15	theme	ultimate	192:199	arg1	pH					201:202	the ultimate pH	188:202	the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	188:246	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	2	16	theme	oxidation	493:501	arg1	index					503:507	lipid and protein oxidation index	475:507	index	503:507	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	5	17	dep	%	1012:1012	arg1	≤					1015:1015	≤ 0.001	1015:1021	≤ 0.001	1015:1021	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	10	18	theme	meat	2045:2048	arg1	acidity					2050:2056	meat acidity	2045:2056	meat acidity	2045:2056	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	0	19	theme	broiler	131:137	arg1	meat					139:142	broiler meat	131:142	broiler meat	131:142	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	1	20	theme	meat	343:346	arg1	quality					332:338	sensorial quality	322:338	sensorial quality of meat	322:346	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	20	theme	meat	343:346	arg1	profiles					295:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles	251:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle	251:316	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	9	21	theme	breast	1956:1961	arg1	meat					1963:1966	breast meat	1956:1966	breast meat	1956:1966	This study highlighted that selection based on pHu does not affect the chemical composition and structure of breast meat.
26440351	7	22	theme	lipid	1387:1391	arg1	index					1443:1447	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index	1404:1447	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	7	22	theme	lipid	1387:1391	arg1	oxidation					1393:1401	lower lipid oxidation	1381:1401	lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05)	1381:1462	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	8	23	from	selection	1580:1588	arg1	pHu					1607:1609	breast muscle pHu	1593:1609	breast muscle pHu	1593:1609	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	24	theme	breast	1806:1811	arg1	meat					1813:1816	the roasted breast meat	1794:1816	the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1794:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	2	25	theme	6-wk-old	634:641	arg1	broilers					643:650	6-wk-old broilers	634:650	6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines	634:707	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	5	26	theme	glycogen	999:1006	arg1	content					1052:1058	lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content	984:1058	lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content	984:1058	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	1	27	theme	biochemical	265:275	arg1	profiles					295:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles	251:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle	251:316	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	28	from	impact	149:154	arg1	quality					332:338	sensorial quality	322:338	sensorial quality of meat	322:346	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	28	from	impact	149:154	arg1	profiles					295:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles	251:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle	251:316	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	7	29	dep	different	1517:1525	arg1	>					1529:1529	> 0.05	1529:1534	> 0.05	1529:1534	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	1	30	dep	muscle	241:246	arg1	P.					231:232	P.	231:232	P.	231:232	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	3	31	theme	Sensory	710:716	arg1	attributes					718:727	Sensory attributes	710:727	Sensory attributes	710:727	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	0	32	theme	muscle	66:71	arg1	pH					43:44	ultimate pH	34:44	ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle	34:71	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	6	33	from	lines	1259:1263	arg1	>					1243:1243	> 0.05	1243:1248	> 0.05	1243:1248	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	33	from	lines	1259:1263	arg1	similar					1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	33	from	lines	1259:1263	arg1	area					1173:1176	the average cross-sectional area	1145:1176	the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers	1145:1193	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	34	dep	fiber	1288:1292	arg1	%					1298:1298	-15%	1295:1298	-15%; ≤ 0.05	1295:1306	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	2	35	theme	glycolytic	440:449	arg1	potential					451:459	glycolytic potential	440:459	glycolytic potential	440:459	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	0	36	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	attributes					117:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes	76:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat	76:142	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	6	37	dep	similar	1233:1239	arg1	>					1243:1243	> 0.05	1243:1248	> 0.05	1243:1248	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	37	dep	similar	1233:1239	arg1	similar					1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	37	dep	similar	1233:1239	arg1	area					1173:1176	the average cross-sectional area	1145:1176	the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers	1145:1193	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	5	38	theme	lactate	1028:1034	arg1	content					1052:1058	lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content	984:1058	lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content	984:1058	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	0	39	theme	biochemical	76:86	arg1	attributes					117:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes	76:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat	76:142	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	8	40	from	pronounced	1780:1789	arg1	meat					1813:1816	the roasted breast meat	1794:1816	the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1794:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	5	41	theme	lower	1064:1068	arg1	%					1095:1095	-14%	1092:1095	-14%	1092:1095	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	5	41	theme	lower	1064:1068	arg1	potential					1081:1089	lower glycolytic potential	1064:1089	lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001)	1064:1105	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	0	42	theme	histological	89:100	arg1	attributes					117:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes	76:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat	76:142	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	8	43	theme	roast	1654:1658	arg1	meat					1667:1670	grilled and roast breast meat	1642:1670	grilled and roast breast meat	1642:1670	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	44	theme	sensory	1565:1571	arg1	level					1573:1577	the sensory level	1561:1577	the sensory level	1561:1577	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	5	45	theme	line	958:961	arg1	muscle					939:944	the P. major muscle	926:944	the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line	926:961	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	3	46	theme	roasted	795:801	arg1	meat					804:807	thigh (roasted) meat	788:807	thigh (roasted) meat	788:807	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	8	47	theme	meat	1667:1670	arg1	texture					1631:1637	the texture	1627:1637	the texture of grilled and roast breast meat	1627:1670	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	4	48	theme	major	862:866	arg1	muscle					868:873	P. major muscle	859:873	P. major muscle	859:873	Protein, lipid, and DM content of P. major muscle were not affected by selection ( > 0.05).
26440351	5	49	dep	major	933:937	arg1	P.					930:931	P.	930:931	P.	930:931	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	0	50	theme	divergent	10:18	arg1	selection					20:28	divergent selection	10:28	divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle	10:71	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	3	51	theme	thigh	788:792	arg1	meat					804:807	thigh (roasted) meat	788:807	thigh (roasted) meat	788:807	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	8	52	theme	pHu+	1825:1828	arg1	≤					1837:1837	≤ 0.002	1837:1843	≤ 0.002	1837:1843	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	52	theme	pHu+	1825:1828	arg1	line					1830:1833	the pHu+ line	1821:1833	the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1821:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	7	53	theme	protein	1468:1474	arg1	oxidation					1476:1484	protein oxidation	1468:1484	protein oxidation	1468:1484	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	4	54	theme	DM	845:846	arg1	content					848:854	Protein, lipid, and DM content	825:854	content	848:854	Protein, lipid, and DM content of P. major muscle were not affected by selection ( > 0.05).
26440351	0	55	theme	pectoralis	49:58	arg1	muscle					66:71	pectoralis major muscle	49:71	pectoralis major muscle	49:71	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	8	56	theme	grilled	1642:1648	arg1	meat					1667:1670	grilled and roast breast meat	1642:1670	grilled and roast breast meat	1642:1670	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	1	57	theme	chemical	255:262	arg1	profiles					295:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles	251:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle	251:316	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	8	58	theme	more	1704:1707	arg1	≤					1718:1718	≤ 0.001	1718:1724	≤ 0.001	1718:1724	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	58	theme	more	1704:1707	arg1	tender					1709:1714	significantly more tender	1690:1714	significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1690:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	7	59	theme	proteolysis	1490:1500	arg1	index					1502:1506	proteolysis index	1490:1506	proteolysis index	1490:1506	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	6	60	theme	fibers	1188:1193	arg1	>					1243:1243	> 0.05	1243:1248	> 0.05	1243:1248	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	60	theme	fibers	1188:1193	arg1	similar					1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	60	theme	fibers	1188:1193	arg1	surface					1199:1205	surface	1199:1205	surface	1199:1205	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	60	theme	fibers	1188:1193	arg1	area					1173:1176	the average cross-sectional area	1145:1176	the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers	1145:1193	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	3	61	theme	lines	818:822	arg1	breast					756:761	breast	756:761	breast (roasted or grilled)	756:782	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	3	61	theme	lines	818:822	arg1	meat					804:807	thigh (roasted) meat	788:807	thigh (roasted) meat	788:807	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	9	62	dep	composition	1927:1937	arg1	the					1914:1916	the	1914:1916	the	1914:1916	This study highlighted that selection based on pHu does not affect the chemical composition and structure of breast meat.
26440351	5	63	theme	lower	984:988	arg1	content					1052:1058	lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content	984:1058	lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content	984:1058	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	8	64	from	meat	1813:1816	arg1	pronounced					1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	64	from	meat	1813:1816	arg1	taste					1758:1762	the acid taste	1749:1762	the acid taste	1749:1762	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	64	from	meat	1813:1816	arg1	line					1739:1742	the pHu+ line	1730:1742	the pHu+ line	1730:1742	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	2	65	theme	muscle	510:515	arg1	area					539:542	muscle fiber cross-sectional area	510:542	muscle fiber cross-sectional area	510:542	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	5	66	dep	%	1040:1040	arg1	≤					1043:1043	≤ 0.001	1043:1049	≤ 0.001	1043:1049	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	6	67	theme	cross-sectional	1157:1171	arg1	>					1243:1243	> 0.05	1243:1248	> 0.05	1243:1248	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	67	theme	cross-sectional	1157:1171	arg1	similar					1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	67	theme	cross-sectional	1157:1171	arg1	area					1173:1176	the average cross-sectional area	1145:1176	the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers	1145:1193	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	1	68	theme	major	224:228	arg1	muscle					241:246	pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	213:246	pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	213:246	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	7	69	theme	substance	1433:1441	arg1	index					1443:1447	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index	1404:1447	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	7	69	theme	substance	1433:1441	arg1	oxidation					1393:1401	lower lipid oxidation	1381:1401	lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05)	1381:1462	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	8	70	theme	pHu+	1734:1737	arg1	pronounced					1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	70	theme	pHu+	1734:1737	arg1	line					1739:1742	the pHu+ line	1730:1742	the pHu+ line	1730:1742	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	2	71	theme	high-pHu	668:675	arg1	pHu+					678:681	the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines	664:707	pHu+	678:681	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	7	72	theme	acid	1419:1422	arg1	substance					1433:1441	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance	1404:1441	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	10	73	from	differences	2130:2140	arg1	texture					2145:2151	texture	2145:2151	texture	2145:2151	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	10	74	theme	muscle	1991:1996	arg1	supply					2004:2009	muscle blood supply	1991:2009	muscle blood supply	1991:2009	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	4	75	theme	Protein	825:831	arg1	lipid					834:838	Protein, lipid, and DM content	825:854	lipid	834:838	Protein, lipid, and DM content of P. major muscle were not affected by selection ( > 0.05).
26440351	1	76	theme	divergent	159:167	arg1	selection					169:177	divergent selection	159:177	divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	159:246	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	2	77	theme	cross-sectional	523:537	arg1	area					539:542	muscle fiber cross-sectional area	510:542	muscle fiber cross-sectional area	510:542	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	0	78	theme	sensorial	107:115	arg1	attributes					117:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes	76:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat	76:142	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	9	79	theme	chemical	1918:1925	arg1	composition					1927:1937	chemical composition	1918:1937	chemical composition	1918:1937	This study highlighted that selection based on pHu does not affect the chemical composition and structure of breast meat.
26440351	10	80	theme	glycogen	2015:2022	arg1	turnover					2024:2031	glycogen turnover	2015:2031	glycogen turnover	2015:2031	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	1	81	theme	sensorial	322:330	arg1	quality					332:338	sensorial quality	322:338	sensorial quality of meat	322:346	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	7	82	theme	pHu+	1345:1348	arg1	line					1350:1353	The pHu+ line	1341:1353	The pHu+ line	1341:1353	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	2	83	theme	major	618:622	arg1	muscle					624:629	major muscle	618:629	major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines	618:707	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	0	84	theme	meat	139:142	arg1	attributes					117:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes	76:126	biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat	76:142	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	5	85	theme	major	933:937	arg1	muscle					939:944	the P. major muscle	926:944	the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line	926:961	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	2	86	theme	protein	485:491	arg1	index					503:507	lipid and protein oxidation index	475:507	index	503:507	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	6	87	theme	pHu+	1330:1333	arg1	line					1335:1338	the pHu+ line	1326:1338	the pHu+ line	1326:1338	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	9	88	theme	meat	1963:1966	arg1	structure					1943:1951	structure	1943:1951	structure	1943:1951	This study highlighted that selection based on pHu does not affect the chemical composition and structure of breast meat.
26440351	9	88	theme	meat	1963:1966	arg1	composition					1927:1937	chemical composition	1918:1937	chemical composition	1918:1937	This study highlighted that selection based on pHu does not affect the chemical composition and structure of breast meat.
26440351	6	89	theme	fewer	1266:1270	arg1	capillaries					1272:1282	fewer capillaries	1266:1282	fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05)	1266:1307	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	2	90	theme	lipid	475:479	arg1	index					503:507	lipid and protein oxidation index	475:507	index	503:507	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	2	91	theme	broilers	643:650	arg1	muscle					624:629	major muscle	618:629	major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines	618:707	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	0	92	theme	major	60:64	arg1	muscle					66:71	pectoralis major muscle	49:71	pectoralis major muscle	49:71	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	7	93	theme	lower	1381:1385	arg1	index					1443:1447	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index	1404:1447	thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%	1404:1453	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	7	93	theme	lower	1381:1385	arg1	oxidation					1393:1401	lower lipid oxidation	1381:1401	lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05)	1381:1462	The pHu+ line was also characterized by lower lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance index: -23%; ≤ 0.05) but protein oxidation and proteolysis index were not different ( > 0.05) between the 2 lines.
26440351	2	94	theme	glycogen	410:417	arg1	content					431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content	386:437	content	431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	8	95	theme	roasted	1798:1804	arg1	meat					1813:1816	the roasted breast meat	1794:1816	the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1794:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	10	96	theme	oxidant	2062:2068	arg1	status					2070:2075	oxidant status	2062:2075	oxidant status	2062:2075	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	2	97	theme	DM	406:407	arg1	content					431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content	386:437	content	431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	2	98	theme	collagen	568:575	arg1	surface					577:583	collagen surface	568:583	collagen surface	568:583	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	1	99	theme	histological	282:293	arg1	profiles					295:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles	251:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle	251:316	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	8	100	theme	muscle	1600:1605	arg1	pHu					1607:1609	breast muscle pHu	1593:1609	breast muscle pHu	1593:1609	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	101	from	tender	1709:1714	arg1	pronounced					1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	pronounced	1780:1789	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	101	from	tender	1709:1714	arg1	taste					1758:1762	the acid taste	1749:1762	the acid taste	1749:1762	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	8	101	from	tender	1709:1714	arg1	line					1739:1742	the pHu+ line	1730:1742	the pHu+ line	1730:1742	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	2	102	dep	muscle	624:629	arg1	P.					615:616	P.	615:616	P.	615:616	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	8	103	theme	breast	1660:1665	arg1	meat					1667:1670	grilled and roast breast meat	1642:1670	grilled and roast breast meat	1642:1670	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	2	104	theme	lactate	423:429	arg1	content					431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content	386:437	content	431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	5	105	theme	glycolytic	1070:1079	arg1	%					1095:1095	-14%	1092:1095	-14%	1092:1095	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	5	105	theme	glycolytic	1070:1079	arg1	potential					1081:1089	lower glycolytic potential	1064:1089	lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001)	1064:1105	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	6	106	theme	average	1149:1155	arg1	>					1243:1243	> 0.05	1243:1248	> 0.05	1243:1248	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	106	theme	average	1149:1155	arg1	similar					1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	similar	1233:1239	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	106	theme	average	1149:1155	arg1	area					1173:1176	the average cross-sectional area	1145:1176	the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers	1145:1193	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	1	107	theme	muscle	311:316	arg1	quality					332:338	sensorial quality	322:338	sensorial quality of meat	322:346	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	107	theme	muscle	311:316	arg1	profiles					295:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles	251:302	the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle	251:316	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	3	108	dep	breast	756:761	arg1	grilled					775:781	grilled	775:781	grilled	775:781	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	3	108	dep	breast	756:761	arg1	roasted					764:770	roasted	764:770	roasted	764:770	Sensory attributes were also evaluated on the breast (roasted or grilled) and thigh (roasted) meat of the 2 lines.
26440351	6	109	dep	%	1298:1298	arg1	≤					1301:1301	≤ 0.05	1301:1306	-15%; ≤ 0.05	1295:1306	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	0	110	theme	selection	20:28	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.	0:143	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	6	111	from	similar	1233:1239	arg1	lines					1259:1263	both lines	1254:1263	both lines	1254:1263	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	4	112	theme	P.	859:860	arg1	muscle					868:873	P. major muscle	859:873	P. major muscle	859:873	Protein, lipid, and DM content of P. major muscle were not affected by selection ( > 0.05).
26440351	0	113	theme	ultimate	34:41	arg1	pH					43:44	ultimate pH	34:44	ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle	34:71	Impact of divergent selection for ultimate pH of pectoralis major muscle on biochemical, histological, and sensorial attributes of broiler meat.
26440351	1	114	theme	muscle	241:246	arg1	pHu					205:207	pHu	205:207	pHu	205:207	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	1	114	theme	muscle	241:246	arg1	pH					201:202	the ultimate pH	188:202	the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle	188:246	The impact of divergent selection based on the ultimate pH (pHu) of pectoralis major (P. major) muscle on the chemical, biochemical, and histological profiles of the muscle and sensorial quality of meat was investigated in broiler chickens.
26440351	2	115	theme	lipid	399:403	arg1	content					431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content	386:437	content	431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	10	116	theme	large	2124:2128	arg1	differences					2130:2140	the large differences	2120:2140	the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines	2120:2180	However, by modifying muscle blood supply and glycogen turnover, it affects meat acidity and oxidant status, both of which are likely to contribute to the large differences in texture observed between the 2 lines.
26440351	8	117	theme	breast	1593:1598	arg1	pHu					1607:1609	breast muscle pHu	1593:1609	breast muscle pHu	1593:1609	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	2	118	theme	protein	390:396	arg1	content					431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content	386:437	content	431:437	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	5	119	theme	pHu+	953:956	arg1	line					958:961	the pHu+ line	949:961	the pHu+ line	949:961	However, the P. major muscle of the pHu+ line was characterized by lower residual glycogen (-16%; ≤ 0.001) and lactate (-14%; ≤ 0.001) content and lower glycolytic potential (-14%; ≤ 0.001) compared with the pHu- line.
26440351	8	120	theme	line	1830:1833	arg1	meat					1813:1816	the roasted breast meat	1794:1816	the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002)	1794:1844	At the sensory level, selection on breast muscle pHu mainly affected the texture of grilled and roast breast meat, which was judged significantly more tender ( ≤ 0.001) in the pHu+ line, and the acid taste, which was less pronounced in the roasted breast meat of the pHu+ line ( ≤ 0.002).
26440351	6	121	located	observed	1314:1321	arg2	capillaries					1272:1282	fewer capillaries	1266:1282	fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05)	1266:1307	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	6	121	located	observed	1314:1321	arg1	line					1335:1338	the pHu+ line	1326:1338	the pHu+ line	1326:1338	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
26440351	2	122	theme	pHu-	697:700	arg1	lines					703:707	the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines	664:707	lines	703:707	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	2	123	theme	low-pHu	688:694	arg1	lines					703:707	the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines	664:707	lines	703:707	The protein, lipid, DM, glycogen and lactate content, glycolytic potential, proteolysis, lipid and protein oxidation index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, capillary density, and collagen surface were determined on the breast P. major muscle of 6-wk-old broilers issued from the high-pHu (pHu+) and low-pHu (pHu-) lines.
26440351	6	124	theme	muscle	1181:1186	arg1	fibers					1188:1193	muscle fibers	1181:1193	muscle fibers	1181:1193	Although the average cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and surface occupied by collagen were similar ( > 0.05) in both lines, fewer capillaries per fiber (-15%; ≤ 0.05) were observed in the pHu+ line.
29433216	0	0	theme	coffee	75:80	arg1	beans					82:86	green arabica coffee beans	61:86	green arabica coffee beans	61:86	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	2	1	theme	large	516:520	arg1	plantations					522:532	large plantations	516:532	large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	516:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	1	2	theme	biochemical	241:251	arg1	content					253:259	biochemical content	241:259	biochemical content	241:259	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	0	3	theme	arabica	67:73	arg1	beans					82:86	green arabica coffee beans	61:86	green arabica coffee beans	61:86	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	4	4	theme	dry-processed	833:845	arg1	beans					847:851	dry-processed beans	833:851	dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1)	833:871	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	4	4	theme	dry-processed	833:845	arg1	100m-1					865:870	0.36g kg-1 100m-1	854:870	0.36g kg-1 100m-1	854:870	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	2	5	theme	individual	333:342	arg1	effects					360:366	The individual and interactive effects	329:366	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	329:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	6	from	plantations	522:532	arg1	qualities					479:487	physical and sensory qualities	458:487	physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	458:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	6	from	plantations	522:532	arg1	contents					438:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	6	from	plantations	522:532	arg1	beans					505:509	green coffee beans	492:509	green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	492:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	6	from	plantations	522:532	arg1	Ethiopia					550:557	southwestern Ethiopia	537:557	southwestern Ethiopia	537:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	7	theme	green	492:496	arg1	beans					505:509	green coffee beans	492:509	green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	492:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	composition					34:44	biochemical composition	22:44	biochemical composition	22:44	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	quality					50:56	quality	50:56	quality	50:56	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	1	9	from	data	290:293	arg1	interactions					304:315	their interactions	298:315	their interactions	298:315	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	4	10	theme	altitude	745:752	arg1	significant					765:775	significant	765:775	significant	765:775	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	4	10	theme	altitude	745:752	arg1	effect					754:759	the altitude effect	741:759	the altitude effect	741:759	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	0	11	theme	beans	82:86	arg1	composition					34:44	biochemical composition	22:44	biochemical composition	22:44	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	0	11	theme	beans	82:86	arg1	quality					50:56	quality	50:56	quality	50:56	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	5	12	theme	stronger	935:942	arg1	effect					944:949	much stronger effect	930:949	much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1)	930:999	Similarly, sucrose content increased with altitude with much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1) compared to coffee grown under shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1).
29433216	6	13	located	observed	1185:1192	arg2	effect					1174:1179	no significant altitude effect	1150:1179	no significant altitude effect	1150:1179	Acidity increased with altitude when coffee was grown under shade (0.22 points 100m-1), but no significant altitude effect was observed on coffee grown without shade.
29433216	6	13	located	observed	1185:1192	arg1	coffee					1197:1202	coffee	1197:1202	coffee grown without shade	1197:1222	Acidity increased with altitude when coffee was grown under shade (0.22 points 100m-1), but no significant altitude effect was observed on coffee grown without shade.
29433216	3	14	dep	0.12	664:667	arg1	100m-1					683:688	100m-1	683:688	100m-1	683:688	Caffeine and CGA contents decreased with increasing altitude; they respectively declined 0.12 and 1.23gkg-1 100m-1.
29433216	8	15	theme	postharvest	1433:1443	arg1	processing					1445:1454	postharvest processing	1433:1454	postharvest processing	1433:1454	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	1	16	theme	various	157:163	arg1	studies					165:171	various studies	157:171	various studies	157:171	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	2	17	theme	sensory	471:477	arg1	qualities					479:487	physical and sensory qualities	458:487	physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	458:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	8	18	theme	biochemical	1459:1469	arg1	composition					1471:1481	biochemical composition	1459:1481	biochemical composition	1459:1481	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	2	19	theme	factors	377:383	arg1	effects					360:366	The individual and interactive effects	329:366	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	329:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	20	from	contents	438:445	arg1	plantations					522:532	large plantations	516:532	large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	516:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	6	21	theme	altitude	1165:1172	arg1	effect					1174:1179	no significant altitude effect	1150:1179	no significant altitude effect	1150:1179	Acidity increased with altitude when coffee was grown under shade (0.22 points 100m-1), but no significant altitude effect was observed on coffee grown without shade.
29433216	2	22	theme	southwestern	537:548	arg1	Ethiopia					550:557	southwestern Ethiopia	537:557	southwestern Ethiopia	537:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	23	theme	beans	505:509	arg1	qualities					479:487	physical and sensory qualities	458:487	physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	458:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	23	theme	beans	505:509	arg1	contents					438:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	24	from	effects	360:366	arg1	qualities					479:487	physical and sensory qualities	458:487	physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	458:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	24	from	effects	360:366	arg1	contents					438:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	8	25	theme	interaction	1383:1393	arg1	effects					1395:1401	the complex interaction effects	1371:1401	the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans	1371:1523	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	1	26	theme	coffee	276:281	arg1	beans					283:287	coffee beans	276:287	coffee beans	276:287	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	0	27	theme	shade	107:111	arg1	method					140:145	shade and postharvest processing method	107:145	method	140:145	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	1	28	theme	altitude	187:194	arg1	effects					230:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects	187:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans	187:287	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	0	29	theme	altitude	10:17	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans	0:86	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	1	30	theme	beans	283:287	arg1	effects					230:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects	187:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans	187:287	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	7	31	theme	wet	1314:1316	arg1	processing					1318:1327	wet processing	1314:1327	wet processing (29.1)	1314:1334	Beans grown without shade showed a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2) than for wet processing (29.1).
29433216	7	31	theme	wet	1314:1316	arg1	29.1					1330:1333	29.1	1330:1333	29.1	1330:1333	Beans grown without shade showed a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2) than for wet processing (29.1).
29433216	4	32	theme	Sucrose	691:697	arg1	content					699:705	Sucrose content	691:705	Sucrose content	691:705	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	0	33	theme	postharvest	117:127	arg1	method					140:145	shade and postharvest processing method	107:145	method	140:145	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	1	34	theme	shade	197:201	arg1	effects					230:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects	187:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans	187:287	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	4	35	theme	wet-processed	781:793	arg1	beans					795:799	wet-processed beans	781:799	wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1)	781:818	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	4	35	theme	wet-processed	781:793	arg1	100m-1					812:817	3.02gkg-1 100m-1	802:817	3.02gkg-1 100m-1	802:817	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	2	36	theme	caffeine	392:399	arg1	contents					438:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	0	37	theme	biochemical	22:32	arg1	composition					34:44	biochemical composition	22:44	biochemical composition	22:44	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	8	38	theme	arabica	1504:1510	arg1	beans					1519:1523	green arabica coffee beans	1498:1523	green arabica coffee beans	1498:1523	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	2	39	theme	coffee	498:503	arg1	beans					505:509	green coffee beans	492:509	green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	492:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	7	40	theme	higher	1260:1265	arg1	score					1284:1288	a higher physical quality score	1258:1288	a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2)	1258:1303	Beans grown without shade showed a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2) than for wet processing (29.1).
29433216	3	41	theme	Caffeine	575:582	arg1	contents					592:599	Caffeine and CGA contents	575:599	Caffeine and CGA contents	575:599	Caffeine and CGA contents decreased with increasing altitude; they respectively declined 0.12 and 1.23gkg-1 100m-1.
29433216	8	42	theme	coffee	1512:1517	arg1	beans					1519:1523	green arabica coffee beans	1498:1523	green arabica coffee beans	1498:1523	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	2	43	theme	sucrose	430:436	arg1	contents					438:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	8	44	theme	green	1498:1502	arg1	beans					1519:1523	green arabica coffee beans	1498:1523	green arabica coffee beans	1498:1523	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	1	45	from	effects	230:236	arg1	content					253:259	biochemical content	241:259	biochemical content	241:259	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	1	45	from	effects	230:236	arg1	quality					265:271	quality	265:271	quality	265:271	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	5	46	theme	0.93gkg-1	1039:1047	arg1	shade					1032:1036	shade	1032:1036	shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1)	1032:1055	Similarly, sucrose content increased with altitude with much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1) compared to coffee grown under shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1).
29433216	5	46	theme	0.93gkg-1	1039:1047	arg1	100m-1					1049:1054	0.93gkg-1 100m-1	1039:1054	0.93gkg-1 100m-1	1039:1054	Similarly, sucrose content increased with altitude with much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1) compared to coffee grown under shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1).
29433216	6	47	theme	significant	1153:1163	arg1	effect					1174:1179	no significant altitude effect	1150:1179	no significant altitude effect	1150:1179	Acidity increased with altitude when coffee was grown under shade (0.22 points 100m-1), but no significant altitude effect was observed on coffee grown without shade.
29433216	8	48	theme	beans	1519:1523	arg1	quality					1487:1493	quality	1487:1493	quality	1487:1493	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	8	48	theme	beans	1519:1523	arg1	composition					1471:1481	biochemical composition	1459:1481	biochemical composition	1459:1481	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	0	49	theme	processing	129:138	arg1	method					140:145	shade and postharvest processing method	107:145	method	140:145	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	2	50	from	qualities	479:487	arg1	plantations					522:532	large plantations	516:532	large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	516:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	4	51	theme	0.36g	854:858	arg1	beans					847:851	dry-processed beans	833:851	dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1)	833:871	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	4	51	theme	0.36g	854:858	arg1	100m-1					865:870	0.36g kg-1 100m-1	854:870	0.36g kg-1 100m-1	854:870	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	3	52	theme	CGA	588:590	arg1	contents					592:599	Caffeine and CGA contents	575:599	Caffeine and CGA contents	575:599	Caffeine and CGA contents decreased with increasing altitude; they respectively declined 0.12 and 1.23gkg-1 100m-1.
29433216	8	53	theme	complex	1375:1381	arg1	effects					1395:1401	the complex interaction effects	1371:1401	the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans	1371:1523	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	5	54	theme	2.11gkg-1	983:991	arg1	shade					976:980	shade	976:980	shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1)	976:999	Similarly, sucrose content increased with altitude with much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1) compared to coffee grown under shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1).
29433216	5	54	theme	2.11gkg-1	983:991	arg1	100m-1					993:998	2.11gkg-1 100m-1	983:998	2.11gkg-1 100m-1	983:998	Similarly, sucrose content increased with altitude with much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1) compared to coffee grown under shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1).
29433216	5	55	theme	sucrose	885:891	arg1	content					893:899	sucrose content	885:899	sucrose content	885:899	Similarly, sucrose content increased with altitude with much stronger effect for coffee grown without shade (2.11gkg-1 100m-1) compared to coffee grown under shade (0.93gkg-1 100m-1).
29433216	1	56	theme	postharvest	207:217	arg1	effects					230:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects	187:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans	187:287	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	6	57	theme	points	1130:1135	arg1	100m-1					1137:1142	0.22 points 100m-1	1125:1142	0.22 points 100m-1	1125:1142	Acidity increased with altitude when coffee was grown under shade (0.22 points 100m-1), but no significant altitude effect was observed on coffee grown without shade.
29433216	6	57	theme	points	1130:1135	arg1	shade					1118:1122	shade	1118:1122	shade (0.22 points 100m-1)	1118:1143	Acidity increased with altitude when coffee was grown under shade (0.22 points 100m-1), but no significant altitude effect was observed on coffee grown without shade.
29433216	1	58	theme	processing	219:228	arg1	effects					230:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects	187:236	altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans	187:287	Although various studies have assessed altitude, shade and postharvest processing effects on biochemical content and quality of coffee beans, data on their interactions are scarce.
29433216	0	59	theme	green	61:65	arg1	beans					82:86	green arabica coffee beans	61:86	green arabica coffee beans	61:86	Effect of altitude on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans can be affected by shade and postharvest processing method.
29433216	7	60	theme	quality	1276:1282	arg1	score					1284:1288	a higher physical quality score	1258:1288	a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2)	1258:1303	Beans grown without shade showed a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2) than for wet processing (29.1).
29433216	2	61	theme	chlorogenic	402:412	arg1	CGA					421:423	CGA	421:423	CGA	421:423	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	61	theme	chlorogenic	402:412	arg1	acids					414:418	chlorogenic acids	402:418	chlorogenic acids (CGA)	402:424	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	4	62	theme	kg-1	860:863	arg1	beans					847:851	dry-processed beans	833:851	dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1)	833:871	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	4	62	theme	kg-1	860:863	arg1	100m-1					865:870	0.36g kg-1 100m-1	854:870	0.36g kg-1 100m-1	854:870	Sucrose content increased with altitude; however, the altitude effect was significant for wet-processed beans (3.02gkg-1 100m-1), but not for dry-processed beans (0.36g kg-1 100m-1).
29433216	7	63	theme	physical	1267:1274	arg1	score					1284:1288	a higher physical quality score	1258:1288	a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2)	1258:1303	Beans grown without shade showed a higher physical quality score for dry (37.2) than for wet processing (29.1).
29433216	2	64	theme	physical	458:465	arg1	qualities					479:487	physical and sensory qualities	458:487	physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	458:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	65	theme	acids	414:418	arg1	contents					438:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents	388:445	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	2	66	theme	interactive	348:358	arg1	effects					360:366	The individual and interactive effects	329:366	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia	329:557	The individual and interactive effects of these factors on the caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGA) and sucrose contents as well as physical and sensory qualities of green coffee beans from large plantations in southwestern Ethiopia were evaluated.
29433216	8	67	from	effects	1395:1401	arg1	quality					1487:1493	quality	1487:1493	quality	1487:1493	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
29433216	8	67	from	effects	1395:1401	arg1	composition					1471:1481	biochemical composition	1459:1481	biochemical composition	1459:1481	These results generally underline the complex interaction effects between altitude and shade or postharvest processing on biochemical composition and quality of green arabica coffee beans.
24952777	10	0	theme	%	990:990	arg1	DM					1004:1005	DM	1004:1005	DM	1004:1005	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	0	theme	%	990:990	arg1	matter					996:1001	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter	963:1001	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)]	963:1007	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	14	1	theme	per-plant	1458:1466	arg1	quality					1492:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality	1446:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities	1446:1524	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	3	2	theme	corn	442:445	arg1	silage					447:452	corn silage	442:452	corn silage	442:452	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	11	3	theme	interest	1191:1198	arg1	variables					1178:1186	the variables	1174:1186	the variables of interest	1174:1198	No interactions between hybrid and planting density were observed for any of the variables of interest.
24952777	12	4	theme	corn	1365:1368	arg1	concentrations					1335:1348	starch concentrations	1328:1348	starch concentrations of whole-plant corn	1328:1368	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	12	4	theme	corn	1365:1368	arg1	protein					1269:1275	crude protein	1263:1275	crude protein	1263:1275	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	12	4	theme	corn	1365:1368	arg1	fiber					1318:1322	acid detergent fiber	1303:1322	acid detergent fiber	1303:1322	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	12	4	theme	corn	1365:1368	arg1	weight					1249:1254	plant DM weight	1240:1254	plant DM weight	1240:1254	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	12	4	theme	corn	1365:1368	arg1	DM					1259:1260	DM	1259:1260	DM	1259:1260	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	12	4	theme	corn	1365:1368	arg1	fiber					1296:1300	neutral detergent fiber	1278:1300	neutral detergent fiber	1278:1300	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	12	5	theme	neutral	1278:1284	arg1	fiber					1296:1300	neutral detergent fiber	1278:1300	neutral detergent fiber	1278:1300	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	15	6	theme	silage	1695:1700	arg1	yields					1685:1690	greater yields	1677:1690	greater yields of silage	1677:1700	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	15	7	with	effect	1814:1819	arg1	resources					1855:1863	limiting resources	1846:1863	limiting resources (e.g., precipitation)	1846:1885	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	12	8	theme	starch	1328:1333	arg1	concentrations					1335:1348	starch concentrations	1328:1348	starch concentrations of whole-plant corn	1328:1368	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	15	9	theme	greater	1677:1683	arg1	yields					1685:1690	greater yields	1677:1690	greater yields of silage	1677:1700	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	0	10	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	quality					42:48	nutritional quality	30:48	nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage	30:81	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.
24952777	14	11	theme	different	1506:1514	arg1	densities					1516:1524	different densities	1506:1524	different densities	1506:1524	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	1	12	from	effect	141:146	arg1	quality					192:198	the nutritional quality	176:198	the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage	176:229	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	13	13	theme	planting	1426:1433	arg1	densities					1435:1443	higher planting densities	1419:1443	higher planting densities	1419:1443	Dry matter yield was significantly increased at higher planting densities.
24952777	13	14	theme	higher	1419:1424	arg1	densities					1435:1443	higher planting densities	1419:1443	higher planting densities	1419:1443	Dry matter yield was significantly increased at higher planting densities.
24952777	12	15	theme	crude	1263:1267	arg1	protein					1269:1275	crude protein	1263:1275	crude protein	1263:1275	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	11	16	theme	planting	1132:1139	arg1	density					1141:1147	planting density	1132:1147	planting density	1132:1147	No interactions between hybrid and planting density were observed for any of the variables of interest.
24952777	12	17	theme	DM	1246:1247	arg1	weight					1249:1254	plant DM weight	1240:1254	plant DM weight	1240:1254	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	14	18	theme	growing	1594:1600	arg1	season					1602:1607	this growing season	1589:1607	this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest)	1589:1659	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	3	19	dep	hybrids	357:363	arg1	B					372:372	B	372:372	B	372:372	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	3	19	dep	hybrids	357:363	arg1	A					366:366	A	366:366	A	366:366	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	3	19	dep	hybrids	357:363	arg1	hybrids					357:363	Two commercial hybrids	342:363	Two commercial hybrids (A and B)	342:373	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	2	20	from	Piedritas	305:313	arg1	located					294:300	located	294:300	located	294:300	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	12	21	theme	detergent	1308:1316	arg1	fiber					1318:1322	acid detergent fiber	1303:1322	acid detergent fiber	1303:1322	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	15	22	theme	density	1833:1839	arg1	effect					1814:1819	the effect	1810:1819	the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation)	1810:1885	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	14	23	theme	biomass	1468:1474	arg1	quality					1492:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality	1446:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities	1446:1524	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	6	24	theme	dosing	694:699	arg1	machine					701:707	a pneumatic dosing machine	682:707	a pneumatic dosing machine	682:707	Corn was planted with a no-till seeder equipped with a pneumatic dosing machine.
24952777	4	25	from	rate	498:501	arg1	4					553:553	4	553:553	4	553:553	Hybrids were sown at a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid.
24952777	1	26	theme	corn	151:154	arg1	density					165:171	corn planting density	151:171	corn planting density	151:171	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	10	27	theme	matter	996:1001	arg1	stages					1043:1048	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages	963:1048	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A	963:1080	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	6	28	theme	pneumatic	684:692	arg1	machine					701:707	a pneumatic dosing machine	682:707	a pneumatic dosing machine	682:707	Corn was planted with a no-till seeder equipped with a pneumatic dosing machine.
24952777	15	29	theme	limiting	1846:1853	arg1	resources					1855:1863	limiting resources	1846:1863	limiting resources (e.g., precipitation)	1846:1885	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	1	30	theme	planting	156:163	arg1	density					165:171	corn planting density	151:171	corn planting density	151:171	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	3	31	theme	commercial	346:355	arg1	B					372:372	B	372:372	B	372:372	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	3	31	theme	commercial	346:355	arg1	A					366:366	A	366:366	A	366:366	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	3	31	theme	commercial	346:355	arg1	hybrids					357:363	Two commercial hybrids	342:363	Two commercial hybrids (A and B)	342:373	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	4	32	theme	seeding	490:496	arg1	rate					498:501	a theoretical seeding rate	476:501	a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid	476:575	Hybrids were sown at a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid.
24952777	15	33	theme	nutritional	1776:1786	arg1	composition					1788:1798	its nutritional composition	1772:1798	its nutritional composition	1772:1798	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	2	34	theme	dairy	283:287	arg1	farm					289:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm	260:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina)	260:339	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	14	35	dep	season	1602:1607	arg1	719mm					1610:1614	719mm	1610:1614	719mm	1610:1614	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	1	36	theme	density	165:171	arg1	effect					141:146	the effect	137:146	the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage	137:229	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	0	37	theme	density	19:25	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.	0:82	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.
24952777	4	38	theme	theoretical	478:488	arg1	rate					498:501	a theoretical seeding rate	476:501	a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid	476:575	Hybrids were sown at a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid.
24952777	2	39	theme	1,900-cow	273:281	arg1	farm					289:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm	260:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina)	260:339	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	8	40	theme	Whole	777:781	arg1	plants					783:788	Whole plants	777:788	Whole plants	777:788	Whole plants were chopped, weighed, mixed thoroughly, and frozen until analysis.
24952777	0	41	theme	planting	10:17	arg1	density					19:25	planting density	10:25	planting density	10:25	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.
24952777	12	42	theme	whole-plant	1353:1363	arg1	corn					1365:1368	whole-plant corn	1353:1368	whole-plant corn	1353:1368	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	10	43	dep	hybrids	1066:1072	arg1	hybrids					1066:1072	hybrids B and A	1066:1080	hybrids B and A	1066:1080	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	43	dep	hybrids	1066:1072	arg1	A					1080:1080	A	1080:1080	A	1080:1080	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	43	dep	hybrids	1066:1072	arg1	B					1074:1074	B	1074:1074	B	1074:1074	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	2	44	theme	commercial	262:271	arg1	farm					289:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm	260:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina)	260:339	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	4	45	theme	seeds/ha	541:548	arg1	rate					498:501	a theoretical seeding rate	476:501	a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid	476:575	Hybrids were sown at a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid.
24952777	0	46	theme	nutritional	30:40	arg1	quality					42:48	nutritional quality	30:48	nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage	30:81	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.
24952777	12	47	theme	Planting	1201:1208	arg1	density					1210:1216	Planting density	1201:1216	Planting density	1201:1216	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	1	48	theme	nutritional	180:190	arg1	quality					192:198	the nutritional quality	176:198	the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage	176:229	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	15	49	theme	corn	1732:1735	arg1	density					1746:1752	corn planting density	1732:1752	corn planting density	1732:1752	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	12	50	theme	plant	1240:1244	arg1	weight					1249:1254	plant DM weight	1240:1254	plant DM weight	1240:1254	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	14	51	theme	abundant	1550:1557	arg1	precipitation					1559:1571	the abundant precipitation	1546:1571	the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest)	1546:1659	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	4	52	dep	4	553:553	arg1	replicates					555:564	replicates	555:564	replicates per hybrid	555:575	Hybrids were sown at a theoretical seeding rate of 60,000, 70,000, 80,000, and 90,000 seeds/ha in 4 replicates per hybrid.
24952777	14	53	theme	similar	1450:1456	arg1	quality					1492:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality	1446:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities	1446:1524	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	3	54	theme	experimental	391:402	arg1	plots					404:408	experimental plots	391:408	experimental plots	391:408	Two commercial hybrids (A and B) were planted in experimental plots within a cornfield destined for corn silage.
24952777	10	55	theme	%	1037:1037	arg1	milk-line					1022:1030	one-half milk-line	1013:1030	one-half milk-line (34.5% DM)	1013:1041	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	55	theme	%	1037:1037	arg1	DM					1039:1040	34.5% DM	1033:1040	34.5% DM	1033:1040	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	56	theme	one-half	1013:1020	arg1	milk-line					1022:1030	one-half milk-line	1013:1030	one-half milk-line (34.5% DM)	1013:1041	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	56	theme	one-half	1013:1020	arg1	DM					1039:1040	34.5% DM	1033:1040	34.5% DM	1033:1040	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	15	57	theme	planting	1824:1831	arg1	density					1833:1839	planting density	1824:1839	planting density	1824:1839	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	10	58	theme	milk-line	975:983	arg1	%					990:990	one-quarter milk-line [31.4%	963:990	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)]	963:1007	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	59	theme	34.5	1033:1036	arg1	%					1037:1037	%	1037:1037	%	1037:1037	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	12	60	theme	detergent	1286:1294	arg1	fiber					1296:1300	neutral detergent fiber	1278:1300	neutral detergent fiber	1278:1300	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	10	61	theme	one-quarter	963:973	arg1	%					990:990	one-quarter milk-line [31.4%	963:990	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)]	963:1007	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	6	62	theme	no-till	653:659	arg1	seeder					661:666	a no-till seeder	651:666	a no-till seeder equipped with a pneumatic dosing machine	651:707	Corn was planted with a no-till seeder equipped with a pneumatic dosing machine.
24952777	1	63	theme	on-farm	106:112	arg1	study					114:118	this on-farm study	101:118	this on-farm study	101:118	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	9	64	theme	near-infrared	900:912	arg1	spectroscopy					926:937	near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy	900:937	near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy	900:937	Nutritional composition was determined by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
24952777	13	65	theme	Dry	1371:1373	arg1	yield					1382:1386	Dry matter yield	1371:1386	Dry matter yield	1371:1386	Dry matter yield was significantly increased at higher planting densities.
24952777	5	66	theme	50-m-long	595:603	arg1	rows					605:608	eight 50-m-long rows	589:608	eight 50-m-long rows separated by 52cm	589:626	Plots were eight 50-m-long rows separated by 52cm.
24952777	12	67	theme	acid	1303:1306	arg1	fiber					1318:1322	acid detergent fiber	1303:1322	acid detergent fiber	1303:1322	Planting density did not affect either plant DM weight or DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, or starch concentrations of whole-plant corn.
24952777	10	68	theme	milk-line	1022:1030	arg1	stages					1043:1048	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages	963:1048	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A	963:1080	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	2	69	from	located	294:300	arg1	Piedritas					305:313	Piedritas	305:313	Piedritas	305:313	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	2	69	from	located	294:300	arg1	Argentina					330:338	Argentina	330:338	Argentina	330:338	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	1	70	theme	study	114:118	arg1	objective					88:96	The objective	84:96	The objective of this on-farm study	84:118	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	9	71	theme	reflectance	914:924	arg1	spectroscopy					926:937	near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy	900:937	near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy	900:937	Nutritional composition was determined by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
24952777	10	72	theme	maturity	1053:1060	arg1	stages					1043:1048	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages	963:1048	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A	963:1080	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	13	73	theme	matter	1375:1380	arg1	yield					1382:1386	Dry matter yield	1371:1386	Dry matter yield	1371:1386	Dry matter yield was significantly increased at higher planting densities.
24952777	15	74	theme	planting	1737:1744	arg1	density					1746:1752	corn planting density	1732:1752	corn planting density	1732:1752	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	2	75	theme	located	294:300	arg1	farm					289:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm	260:292	a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina)	260:339	This study was performed in a commercial 1,900-cow dairy farm located in Piedritas (Buenos Aires, Argentina).
24952777	1	76	theme	whole-plant	203:213	arg1	corn					215:218	whole-plant corn	203:218	whole-plant corn for silage	203:229	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	0	77	theme	corn	67:70	arg1	quality					42:48	nutritional quality	30:48	nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage	30:81	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.
24952777	15	78	dep	precipitation	1872:1884	arg1	e.g.					1866:1869	e.g.	1866:1869	e.g.	1866:1869	In conclusion, greater yields of silage can be obtained by increasing corn planting density without affecting its nutritional composition, although the effect of planting density with limiting resources (e.g., precipitation) still needs to be elucidated.
24952777	1	79	theme	corn	215:218	arg1	quality					192:198	the nutritional quality	176:198	the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage	176:229	The objective of this on-farm study was to determine the effect of corn planting density on the nutritional quality of whole-plant corn for silage.
24952777	0	80	theme	green-chopped	53:65	arg1	corn					67:70	green-chopped corn	53:70	green-chopped corn for silage	53:81	Effect of planting density on nutritional quality of green-chopped corn for silage.
24952777	10	81	theme	dry	992:994	arg1	DM					1004:1005	DM	1004:1005	DM	1004:1005	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	10	81	theme	dry	992:994	arg1	matter					996:1001	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter	963:1001	one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)]	963:1007	Harvesting occurred at one-quarter milk-line [31.4% dry matter (DM)] and one-half milk-line (34.5% DM) stages of maturity for hybrids B and A, respectively.
24952777	9	82	theme	Nutritional	858:868	arg1	composition					870:880	Nutritional composition	858:880	Nutritional composition	858:880	Nutritional composition was determined by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
24952777	14	83	theme	nutritional	1480:1490	arg1	quality					1492:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality	1446:1498	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities	1446:1524	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
24952777	14	84	theme	fallow	1639:1644	arg1	beginning					1626:1634	the beginning	1622:1634	the beginning of fallow until harvest	1622:1658	The similar per-plant biomass and nutritional quality among different densities can be explained by the abundant precipitation observed during this growing season (719mm since the beginning of fallow until harvest).
26125946	13	0	from	improvement	2135:2145	arg1	muscle					2184:2189	LL muscle	2181:2189	LL muscle	2181:2189	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	9	1	theme	decreased	1343:1351	arg1	loss					1358:1361	decreased drip loss	1343:1361	decreased drip loss (P<0.05)	1343:1370	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	9	1	theme	decreased	1343:1351	arg1	P<0.05					1364:1369	P<0.05	1364:1369	P<0.05	1364:1369	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	7	2	from	lumborum	1103:1110	arg1	samples					1075:1081	samples	1075:1081	samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL)	1075:1115	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	10	3	theme	Greater	1550:1556	arg1	expression					1563:1572	Greater mRNA expression	1550:1572	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles	1550:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	5	4	theme	neutral	797:803	arg1	NDF					822:824	NDF	822:824	NDF	822:824	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	4	theme	neutral	797:803	arg1	fiber					815:819	neutral detergent fiber	797:819	12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF)	791:825	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	2	5	theme	fibre	338:342	arg1	type					344:347	muscle fibre type	331:347	muscle fibre type	331:347	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	13	6	theme	miRNA	2265:2269	arg1	expression					2271:2280	the miRNA expression	2261:2280	the miRNA expression	2261:2280	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	8	7	contain	had	1197:1199	arg1	pigs					1181:1184	pigs	1181:1184	pigs fed diet C	1181:1195	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	8	7	contain	had	1197:1199	arg2	gain					1222:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	8	7	contain	had	1197:1199	arg2	depth					1267:1271	fat depth	1263:1271	fat depth	1263:1271	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	8	7	contain	had	1197:1199	arg2	intake					1247:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	4	8	theme	kg	570:571	arg1	weight					549:554	an average body weight	533:554	an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg	533:571	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	9	theme	iso-nitrogenous	632:646	arg1	C					662:662	C	662:662	C	662:662	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	9	theme	iso-nitrogenous	632:646	arg1	diets					648:652	three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	608:652	three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C	608:662	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	9	theme	iso-nitrogenous	632:646	arg1	B					657:657	B	657:657	B	657:657	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	9	theme	iso-nitrogenous	632:646	arg1	A					654:654	A	654:654	A	654:654	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	10	10	theme	myosin	1577:1582	arg1	MyHC					1597:1600	MyHC	1597:1600	MyHC	1597:1600	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	10	10	theme	myosin	1577:1582	arg1	heavy-chain					1584:1594	myosin heavy-chain	1577:1594	myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I	1577:1603	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	2	11	theme	diet-induced	255:266	arg1	change					268:273	the diet-induced change	251:273	the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen	251:292	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	5	12	theme	crude	777:781	arg1	fat					783:785	crude fat	777:785	5.9% crude fat	772:785	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	12	13	theme	finishing	2061:2069	arg1	pigs					2071:2074	finishing pigs	2061:2074	finishing pigs	2061:2074	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	13	14	theme	myofibre	2210:2217	arg1	type					2219:2222	myofibre type	2210:2222	myofibre type	2210:2222	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	1	15	theme	glycogen	173:180	arg1	storage					182:188	muscle glycogen storage	166:188	muscle glycogen storage	166:188	Dietary energy source can influence muscle glycogen storage at slaughter.
26125946	10	16	from	expression	1563:1572	arg1	muscles					1670:1676	LL muscles	1667:1676	LL muscles	1667:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	9	17	dep	showed	1434:1439	arg1	A					1432:1432	A	1432:1432	A	1432:1432	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	2	18	theme	glycogen	285:292	arg1	change					268:273	the diet-induced change	251:273	the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen	251:292	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	5	19	contain	contained	748:756	arg1	A					746:746	Diet A	741:746	Diet A	741:746	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	19	contain	contained	748:756	arg2	%					775:775	5.9%	772:775	5.9% crude fat	772:785	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	19	contain	contained	748:756	arg2	%					795:795	12.6%	791:795	12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF)	791:825	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	19	contain	contained	748:756	arg2	%					762:762	44.1% starch	758:769	44.1% starch	758:769	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	7	20	theme	subsequent	1136:1145	arg1	analysis					1147:1154	subsequent analysis	1136:1154	subsequent analysis	1136:1154	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	4	21	theme	iso-energetic	614:626	arg1	C					662:662	C	662:662	C	662:662	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	21	theme	iso-energetic	614:626	arg1	diets					648:652	three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	608:652	three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C	608:662	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	21	theme	iso-energetic	614:626	arg1	B					657:657	B	657:657	B	657:657	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	21	theme	iso-energetic	614:626	arg1	A					654:654	A	654:654	A	654:654	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	0	22	theme	Finishing	114:122	arg1	Pigs					124:127	Finishing Pigs	114:127	Finishing Pigs	114:127	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	2	23	theme	few	213:215	arg1	studies					217:223	few studies	213:223	few studies	213:223	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	9	24	theme	A.	1405:1406	arg1	Meat					1408:1411	diet A. Meat	1400:1411	diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05)	1400:1547	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	8	25	theme	lesser	1201:1206	arg1	gain					1222:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	11	26	theme	conserved	1865:1873	arg1	changes					1875:1881	conserved changes	1865:1881	conserved changes of their corresponding targets	1865:1912	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	4	27	dep	three	697:701	arg1	replicates					703:712	replicates	703:712	replicates	703:712	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	8	28	theme	daily	1216:1220	arg1	gain					1222:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	13	29	from	change	2251:2256	arg1	expression					2271:2280	the miRNA expression	2261:2280	the miRNA expression	2261:2280	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	5	30	theme	diet	893:896	arg1	C					898:898	diet C	893:898	diet C	893:898	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	4	31	dep	consisted	684:692	arg1	pens					715:718	pens	715:718	pens	715:718	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	9	32	from	pigs	1418:1421	arg1	Meat					1408:1411	diet A. Meat	1400:1411	diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05)	1400:1547	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	11	33	theme	corresponding	1892:1904	arg1	targets					1906:1912	their corresponding targets	1886:1912	their corresponding targets	1886:1912	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	10	34	theme	MyHC-IIx	1638:1645	arg1	-I					1602:1603	myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I	1577:1603	myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I	1577:1603	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	10	34	theme	MyHC-IIx	1638:1645	arg1	P<0.05					1656:1661	P<0.05	1656:1661	P<0.05	1656:1661	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	10	34	theme	MyHC-IIx	1638:1645	arg1	IIb					1651:1653	IIb	1651:1653	IIb	1651:1653	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	10	34	theme	MyHC-IIx	1638:1645	arg1	IIa					1609:1611	IIa	1609:1611	IIa	1609:1611	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	10	34	theme	MyHC-IIx	1638:1645	arg1	expression					1624:1633	lesser expression	1617:1633	lesser expression of MyHC-IIx	1617:1645	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	9	35	theme	potential	1494:1502	arg1	contents					1451:1458	increased contents	1441:1458	increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP)	1441:1507	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	1	36	theme	Dietary	130:136	arg1	source					145:150	Dietary energy source	130:150	Dietary energy source	130:150	Dietary energy source can influence muscle glycogen storage at slaughter.
26125946	8	37	theme	daily	1236:1240	arg1	intake					1247:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	0	38	theme	Meat	61:64	arg1	Quality					66:72	Meat Quality	61:72	Meat Quality	61:72	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	9	39	dep	diet	1427:1430	arg1	showed					1434:1439	showed	1434:1439	A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05)	1432:1547	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	5	40	theme	detergent	805:813	arg1	NDF					822:824	NDF	822:824	NDF	822:824	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	40	theme	detergent	805:813	arg1	fiber					815:819	neutral detergent fiber	797:819	12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF)	791:825	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	9	41	theme	increased	1441:1449	arg1	contents					1451:1458	increased contents	1441:1458	increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP)	1441:1507	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	0	42	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Transformation					96:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	0	42	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Quality					66:72	Meat Quality	61:72	Meat Quality	61:72	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	0	42	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Mortem					42:47	Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	37:109	Mortem	42:47	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	13	43	theme	LL	2181:2182	arg1	muscle					2184:2189	LL muscle	2181:2189	LL muscle	2181:2189	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	11	44	theme	miR23a	1793:1798	arg1	downregulation					1775:1788	downregulation	1775:1788	downregulation of miR23a	1775:1798	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	11	44	theme	miR23a	1793:1798	arg1	upregulation					1804:1815	upregulation	1804:1815	upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05)	1804:1846	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	0	45	theme	Fibre	85:89	arg1	Transformation					96:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	11	46	theme	diet	1756:1759	arg1	C					1761:1761	diet C	1756:1761	diet C	1756:1761	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	10	47	theme	heavy-chain	1584:1594	arg1	-I					1602:1603	myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I	1577:1603	myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I	1577:1603	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	13	48	theme	oxidative	2150:2158	arg1	composition					2166:2176	oxidative fibre composition	2150:2176	oxidative fibre composition	2150:2176	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	5	49	theme	diet	828:831	arg1	B					833:833	diet B	828:833	diet B	828:833	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	7	50	theme	M.	1088:1089	arg1	LL					1113:1114	LL	1113:1114	LL	1113:1114	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	7	50	theme	M.	1088:1089	arg1	lumborum					1103:1110	M. longissimus lumborum	1088:1110	M. longissimus lumborum (LL)	1088:1115	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	9	51	theme	glycolytic	1483:1492	arg1	GP					1505:1506	GP	1505:1506	GP	1505:1506	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	9	51	theme	glycolytic	1483:1492	arg1	potential					1494:1502	greater glycolytic potential	1475:1502	greater glycolytic potential (GP)	1475:1507	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	4	52	theme	average	536:542	arg1	weight					549:554	an average body weight	533:554	an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg	533:571	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	11	53	dep	resulted	1763:1770	arg1	associated					1849:1858	associated	1849:1858	associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets	1849:1912	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	12	54	contain	containing	1951:1960	arg2	starch					1966:1971	low starch	1962:1971	low starch	1962:1971	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	12	54	contain	containing	1951:1960	arg1	diets					1945:1949	diets	1945:1949	diets containing low starch and high fibre	1945:1986	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	12	54	contain	containing	1951:1960	arg2	fibre					1982:1986	fibre	1982:1986	fibre	1982:1986	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	9	55	theme	Diet	1305:1308	arg1	C					1310:1310	Diet C	1305:1310	Diet C	1305:1310	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	0	56	theme	Dietary	11:17	arg1	Sources					26:32	Dietary Energy Sources	11:32	Dietary Energy Sources	11:32	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	3	57	theme	energy	397:402	arg1	sources					404:410	dietary energy sources	389:410	dietary energy sources	389:410	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	8	58	theme	diet	1288:1291	arg1	P<0.05					1296:1301	P<0.05	1296:1301	P<0.05	1296:1301	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	8	58	theme	diet	1288:1291	arg1	A					1293:1293	diet A	1288:1293	diet A (P<0.05)	1288:1302	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	3	59	theme	post	429:432	arg1	mortem					434:439	post mortem	429:439	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	5	60	dep	%	882:882	arg1	NDF					884:886	NDF	884:886	15.4% NDF	878:886	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	0	61	theme	Sources	26:32	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.	0:128	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	5	62	dep	%	775:775	arg1	fat					783:785	crude fat	777:785	5.9% crude fat	772:785	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	3	63	theme	type	469:472	arg1	transformation					474:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	0	64	theme	Post	37:40	arg1	Mortem					42:47	Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	37:109	Mortem	42:47	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	13	65	from	change	2200:2205	arg1	type					2219:2222	myofibre type	2210:2222	myofibre type	2210:2222	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	3	66	theme	muscle	456:461	arg1	transformation					474:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	4	67	dep	diets	648:652	arg1	C					662:662	C	662:662	C	662:662	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	67	dep	diets	648:652	arg1	diets					648:652	three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	608:652	three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C	608:662	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	67	dep	diets	648:652	arg1	B					657:657	B	657:657	B	657:657	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	4	67	dep	diets	648:652	arg1	A					654:654	A	654:654	A	654:654	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	9	68	theme	fed	1529:1531	arg1	diet					1533:1536	those fed diet	1523:1536	those fed diet C (P<0.05)	1523:1547	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	12	69	theme	pigs	2071:2074	arg1	quality					2050:2056	meat quality	2045:2056	meat quality of finishing pigs	2045:2074	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	5	70	dep	%	762:762	arg1	starch					764:769	starch	764:769	44.1% starch	758:769	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	3	71	theme	pigs	502:505	arg1	quality					420:426	meat quality	415:426	meat quality	415:426	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	3	71	theme	pigs	502:505	arg1	transformation					474:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	3	71	theme	pigs	502:505	arg1	glycolysis					441:450	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	10	72	theme	diet	1701:1704	arg1	C					1706:1706	diet C	1701:1706	diet C	1701:1706	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	12	73	theme	low	1962:1964	arg1	starch					1966:1971	low starch	1962:1971	low starch	1962:1971	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	10	74	theme	mRNA	1558:1561	arg1	expression					1563:1572	Greater mRNA expression	1550:1572	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles	1550:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	13	75	theme	GP	2095:2096	arg1	reduction					2082:2090	This reduction	2077:2090	This reduction of GP	2077:2096	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	2	76	theme	type	344:347	arg1	transformation					313:326	the transformation	309:326	the transformation of muscle fibre type	309:347	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	9	77	theme	drip	1353:1356	arg1	loss					1358:1361	decreased drip loss	1343:1361	decreased drip loss (P<0.05)	1343:1370	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	9	77	theme	drip	1353:1356	arg1	P<0.05					1364:1369	P<0.05	1364:1369	P<0.05	1364:1369	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	4	78	theme	65.0	559:562	arg1	±					564:564	±	564:564	±	564:564	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	2	79	theme	muscle	278:283	arg1	glycogen					285:292	muscle glycogen	278:292	muscle glycogen	278:292	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	6	80	theme	experiment	975:984	arg1	duration					959:966	The duration	955:966	The duration of the experiment	955:984	The duration of the experiment was 28 days.
26125946	6	80	theme	experiment	975:984	arg1	days					993:996	28 days	990:996	28 days	990:996	The duration of the experiment was 28 days.
26125946	11	81	theme	miR208b	1831:1837	arg1	downregulation					1775:1788	downregulation	1775:1788	downregulation of miR23a	1775:1798	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	11	81	theme	miR208b	1831:1837	arg1	upregulation					1804:1815	upregulation	1804:1815	upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05)	1804:1846	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	4	82	theme	2.0	566:568	arg1	±					564:564	±	564:564	±	564:564	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	2	83	theme	muscle	331:336	arg1	type					344:347	muscle fibre type	331:347	muscle fibre type	331:347	However, few studies have demonstrated whether the diet-induced change of muscle glycogen is achieved by the transformation of muscle fibre type.
26125946	1	84	theme	muscle	166:171	arg1	storage					182:188	muscle glycogen storage	166:188	muscle glycogen storage	166:188	Dietary energy source can influence muscle glycogen storage at slaughter.
26125946	11	85	theme	miR409	1820:1825	arg1	downregulation					1775:1788	downregulation	1775:1788	downregulation of miR23a	1775:1798	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	11	85	theme	miR409	1820:1825	arg1	upregulation					1804:1815	upregulation	1804:1815	upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05)	1804:1846	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	7	86	theme	withdrawal	1010:1019	arg1	h					1024:1024	feed withdrawal 12 h	1005:1024	feed withdrawal 12 h	1005:1024	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	4	87	dep	pigs	730:733	arg1	each					735:738	each	735:738	each	735:738	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	9	88	theme	LL	1375:1376	arg1	muscles					1378:1384	LL muscles	1375:1384	LL muscles	1375:1384	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	5	89	contain	contained	835:843	arg1	B					833:833	diet B	828:833	diet B	828:833	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	89	contain	contained	835:843	arg2	%					849:849	37.6% starch	845:856	37.6% starch	845:856	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	89	contain	contained	835:843	arg2	%					882:882	15.4%	878:882	15.4% NDF	878:886	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	89	contain	contained	835:843	arg2	%					862:862	9.5%	859:862	9.5% crude fat	859:872	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	10	90	theme	-I	1602:1603	arg1	expression					1563:1572	Greater mRNA expression	1550:1572	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles	1550:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	4	91	with	barrows	520:526	arg1	weight					549:554	an average body weight	533:554	an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg	533:571	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	12	92	theme	meat	2045:2048	arg1	quality					2050:2056	meat quality	2045:2056	meat quality of finishing pigs	2045:2074	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	0	93	theme	Pigs	124:127	arg1	Transformation					96:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	0	93	theme	Pigs	124:127	arg1	Quality					66:72	Meat Quality	61:72	Meat Quality	61:72	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	0	93	theme	Pigs	124:127	arg1	Mortem					42:47	Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	37:109	Mortem	42:47	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	9	94	theme	diet	1400:1403	arg1	Meat					1408:1411	diet A. Meat	1400:1411	diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05)	1400:1547	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	8	95	theme	average	1208:1214	arg1	gain					1222:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	lesser average daily gain	1201:1225	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	5	96	dep	%	948:948	arg1	NDF					950:952	NDF	950:952	17.8% NDF	944:952	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	97	dep	%	862:862	arg1	fat					870:872	crude fat	864:872	9.5% crude fat	859:872	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	10	98	theme	lesser	1617:1622	arg1	expression					1624:1633	lesser expression	1617:1633	lesser expression of MyHC-IIx	1617:1645	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	8	99	dep	diet	1190:1193	arg1	C					1195:1195	C	1195:1195	diet C	1190:1195	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	10	100	theme	IIa	1609:1611	arg1	expression					1563:1572	Greater mRNA expression	1550:1572	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles	1550:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	8	101	theme	average	1228:1234	arg1	intake					1247:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	3	102	from	effects	378:384	arg1	quality					420:426	meat quality	415:426	meat quality	415:426	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	3	102	from	effects	378:384	arg1	transformation					474:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	3	102	from	effects	378:384	arg1	glycolysis					441:450	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	5	103	dep	%	849:849	arg1	starch					851:856	starch	851:856	37.6% starch	845:856	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	8	104	theme	feed	1242:1245	arg1	intake					1247:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	average daily feed intake	1228:1252	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	7	105	theme	feed	1005:1008	arg1	h					1024:1024	feed withdrawal 12 h	1005:1024	feed withdrawal 12 h	1005:1024	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	1	106	theme	energy	138:143	arg1	source					145:150	Dietary energy source	130:150	Dietary energy source	130:150	Dietary energy source can influence muscle glycogen storage at slaughter.
26125946	0	107	theme	Muscle	78:83	arg1	Transformation					96:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	8	108	theme	fat	1263:1265	arg1	depth					1267:1271	fat depth	1263:1271	fat depth	1263:1271	The results showed that pigs fed diet C had lesser average daily gain, average daily feed intake and back fat depth than those fed diet A (P<0.05).
26125946	0	109	theme	Type	91:94	arg1	Transformation					96:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Muscle Fibre Type Transformation	78:109	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	12	110	dep	reducing	2007:2014	arg1	improving					2035:2043	improving	2035:2043	improving meat quality of finishing pigs	2035:2074	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	7	111	theme	longissimus	1091:1101	arg1	LL					1113:1114	LL	1113:1114	LL	1113:1114	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	7	111	theme	longissimus	1091:1101	arg1	lumborum					1103:1110	M. longissimus lumborum	1088:1110	M. longissimus lumborum (LL)	1088:1115	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	9	112	theme	lactate	1463:1469	arg1	contents					1451:1458	increased contents	1441:1458	increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP)	1441:1507	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	5	113	theme	Diet	741:744	arg1	A					746:746	Diet A	741:746	Diet A	741:746	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	114	theme	crude	930:934	arg1	fat					936:938	crude fat	930:938	14.3% crude fat	924:938	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	9	115	theme	greater	1475:1481	arg1	GP					1505:1506	GP	1505:1506	GP	1505:1506	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	9	115	theme	greater	1475:1481	arg1	potential					1494:1502	greater glycolytic potential	1475:1502	greater glycolytic potential (GP)	1475:1507	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	4	116	theme	body	544:547	arg1	weight					549:554	an average body weight	533:554	an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg	533:571	Seventy-two barrows with an average body weight of 65.0 ± 2.0 kg were selected and were allotted to three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets A, B or C, and each treatment consisted of three replicates (pens) of eight pigs each.
26125946	3	117	theme	meat	415:418	arg1	quality					420:426	meat quality	415:426	meat quality	415:426	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	0	118	theme	Energy	19:24	arg1	Sources					26:32	Dietary Energy Sources	11:32	Dietary Energy Sources	11:32	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	7	119	dep	pigs	1030:1033	arg1	eight					1036:1040	eight	1036:1040	eight	1036:1040	After feed withdrawal 12 h, 24 pigs (eight per treatment) were slaughtered, samples from M. longissimus lumborum (LL) were collected for subsequent analysis.
26125946	5	120	contain	contained	900:908	arg2	%					948:948	17.8%	944:948	17.8% NDF	944:952	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	120	contain	contained	900:908	arg2	%					914:914	30.9% starch	910:921	30.9% starch	910:921	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	120	contain	contained	900:908	arg1	C					898:898	diet C	893:898	diet C	893:898	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	120	contain	contained	900:908	arg2	%					928:928	14.3%	924:928	14.3% crude fat	924:938	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	12	121	theme	muscle	2016:2021	arg1	glycolysis					2023:2032	muscle glycolysis	2016:2032	muscle glycolysis	2016:2032	These findings indicated that diets containing low starch and high fibre were beneficial in reducing muscle glycolysis, improving meat quality of finishing pigs.
26125946	13	122	theme	composition	2166:2176	arg1	improvement					2135:2145	the improvement	2131:2145	the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle	2131:2189	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	5	123	dep	%	795:795	arg1	NDF					822:824	NDF	822:824	NDF	822:824	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	5	123	dep	%	795:795	arg1	fiber					815:819	neutral detergent fiber	797:819	12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF)	791:825	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	0	124	dep	Mortem	42:47	arg1	Glycolysis					49:58	Glycolysis	49:58	Glycolysis	49:58	Effects of Dietary Energy Sources on Post Mortem Glycolysis, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Type Transformation of Finishing Pigs.
26125946	10	125	theme	LL	1667:1668	arg1	muscles					1670:1676	LL muscles	1667:1676	LL muscles	1667:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	3	126	theme	sources	404:410	arg1	effects					378:384	the effects	374:384	the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs	374:505	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	5	127	dep	%	928:928	arg1	fat					936:938	crude fat	930:938	14.3% crude fat	924:938	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	3	128	theme	mortem	434:439	arg1	glycolysis					441:450	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	post mortem glycolysis	429:450	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	3	129	theme	dietary	389:395	arg1	sources					404:410	dietary energy sources	389:410	dietary energy sources	389:410	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	3	130	theme	finishing	492:500	arg1	pigs					502:505	finishing pigs	492:505	finishing pigs	492:505	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	13	131	theme	fibre	2160:2164	arg1	composition					2166:2176	oxidative fibre composition	2150:2176	oxidative fibre composition	2150:2176	This reduction of GP may be partially associated with the improvement of oxidative fibre composition in LL muscle, and the change in myofibre type may be correlated with the change in the miRNA expression.
26125946	10	132	located	found	1683:1687	arg1	pigs					1692:1695	pigs	1692:1695	pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A	1692:1731	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	10	132	located	found	1683:1687	arg2	expression					1563:1572	Greater mRNA expression	1550:1572	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles	1550:1676	Greater mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHC)-I and IIa and lesser expression of MyHC-IIx and IIb (P<0.05) in LL muscles were found in pigs fed diet C, than in pigs fed diet A.
26125946	5	133	dep	%	914:914	arg1	starch					916:921	starch	916:921	30.9% starch	910:921	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	3	134	theme	fibre	463:467	arg1	transformation					474:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	muscle fibre type transformation	456:487	This study investigated the effects of dietary energy sources on meat quality, post mortem glycolysis and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs.
26125946	5	135	theme	crude	864:868	arg1	fat					870:872	crude fat	864:872	9.5% crude fat	859:872	Diet A contained 44.1% starch, 5.9% crude fat and 12.6% neutral detergent fiber (NDF); diet B contained 37.6% starch, 9.5% crude fat and 15.4% NDF; and diet C contained 30.9% starch, 14.3% crude fat and 17.8% NDF.
26125946	11	136	theme	targets	1906:1912	arg1	changes					1875:1881	conserved changes	1865:1881	conserved changes of their corresponding targets	1865:1912	In addition, pigs fed diet C resulted in downregulation of miR23a and upregulation of miR409 and miR208b (P<0.05), associated with conserved changes of their corresponding targets.
26125946	9	137	theme	diet	1533:1536	arg1	P<0.05					1541:1546	P<0.05	1541:1546	P<0.05	1541:1546	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
26125946	9	137	theme	diet	1533:1536	arg1	C					1538:1538	those fed diet C	1523:1538	those fed diet C (P<0.05)	1523:1547	Diet C increased pH45min (P<0.05) and decreased drip loss (P<0.05) in LL muscles compared with diet A. Meat from pigs fed diet A showed increased contents of lactate and greater glycolytic potential (GP) compared with those fed diet C (P<0.05).
28272038	3	0	theme	water-soluble	297:309	arg1	polymers					311:318	water-soluble polymers	297:318	water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water	297:377	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	6	1	theme	metal	892:896	arg1	ions					898:901	metal ions	892:901	metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride	892:1011	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	7	2	dep	impurities	1092:1101	arg1	anhydride					1140:1148	phthalic anhydride	1131:1148	phthalic anhydride (70 ppm)	1131:1157	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	2	dep	impurities	1092:1101	arg1	ppm					1154:1156	70 ppm	1151:1156	70 ppm	1151:1156	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	2	dep	impurities	1092:1101	arg1	chlorophenol					1105:1116	chlorophenol	1105:1116	chlorophenol (50 ppm)	1105:1125	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	2	dep	impurities	1092:1101	arg1	ppm					1122:1124	50 ppm	1119:1124	50 ppm	1119:1124	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	2	dep	impurities	1092:1101	arg1	impurities					1092:1101	organic impurities	1084:1101	organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) -	1084:1159	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	6	3	theme	excellent	845:853	arg1	properties					866:875	excellent adsorption properties	845:875	excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride	845:1011	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	0	4	theme	water	83:87	arg1	purification					89:100	water purification	83:100	water purification	83:100	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	7	5	theme	100	1068:1070	arg1	%					1071:1071	%	1071:1071	%	1071:1071	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	3	6	theme	metallic	345:352	arg1	contaminants					354:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	4	7	theme	adsorption	503:512	arg1	principle					490:498	the principle	486:498	the principle of adsorption	486:512	This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature.
28272038	8	8	theme	impurities	1341:1350	arg1	level					1332:1336	level	1332:1336	level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility	1332:1395	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	7	9	theme	phthalic	1131:1138	arg1	anhydride					1140:1148	phthalic anhydride	1131:1148	phthalic anhydride (70 ppm)	1131:1157	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	9	theme	phthalic	1131:1138	arg1	ppm					1154:1156	70 ppm	1151:1156	70 ppm	1151:1156	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	9	theme	phthalic	1131:1138	arg1	impurities					1092:1101	organic impurities	1084:1101	organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) -	1084:1159	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	6	10	theme	able	877:880	arg1	properties					866:875	excellent adsorption properties	845:875	excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride	845:1011	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	7	11	theme	mg/ml	1302:1306	arg1	GPA-2					1308:1312	7.5 mg/ml GPA-2	1298:1312	7.5 mg/ml GPA-2	1298:1312	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	3	12	theme	organic	333:339	arg1	contaminants					354:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	5	13	theme	polymeric	773:781	arg1	assemblies					783:792	smart graft polymeric assemblies	761:792	smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs)	761:799	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	5	13	theme	polymeric	773:781	arg1	GPAs					795:798	GPAs	795:798	GPAs	795:798	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	7	14	theme	%	1071:1071	arg1	removal					1073:1079	a 100% removal	1066:1079	a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water	1066:1170	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	3	15	from	water	373:377	arg1	contaminants					354:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	5	16	theme	graft	767:771	arg1	assemblies					783:792	smart graft polymeric assemblies	761:792	smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs)	761:799	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	5	16	theme	graft	767:771	arg1	GPAs					795:798	GPAs	795:798	GPAs	795:798	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	7	17	from	water	1166:1170	arg1	removal					1073:1079	a 100% removal	1066:1079	a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water	1066:1170	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	0	18	theme	thermoresponsive	6:21	arg1	assemblies					23:32	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies	0:32	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification	0:100	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	3	19	theme	polymers	311:318	arg1	use					290:292	use	290:292	use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water	290:377	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	7	20	theme	mg/ml	1036:1040	arg1	GPA-2					1042:1046	6 mg/ml GPA-2	1034:1046	6 mg/ml GPA-2	1034:1046	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	21	theme	metal	1209:1213	arg1	ions					1215:1218	the heavy metal ions	1199:1218	the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1199:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	21	theme	metal	1209:1213	arg1	Cd+2					1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	21	theme	metal	1209:1213	arg1	Co+2					1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	21	theme	metal	1209:1213	arg1	Cu+2					1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	0	22	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	assemblies					23:32	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies	0:32	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification	0:100	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	7	23	theme	organic	1084:1090	arg1	anhydride					1140:1148	phthalic anhydride	1131:1148	phthalic anhydride (70 ppm)	1131:1157	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	23	theme	organic	1084:1090	arg1	chlorophenol					1105:1116	chlorophenol	1105:1116	chlorophenol (50 ppm)	1105:1125	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	23	theme	organic	1084:1090	arg1	impurities					1092:1101	organic impurities	1084:1101	organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) -	1084:1159	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	5	24	dep	on-to	699:703	arg1	chitosan					725:732	the natural polymer chitosan	705:732	the natural polymer chitosan	705:732	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	1	25	theme	Water	103:107	arg1	problem					157:163	a global problem	148:163	a global problem	148:163	Water contamination and its purification are a global problem.
28272038	1	25	theme	Water	103:107	arg1	contamination					109:121	Water contamination	103:121	Water contamination	103:121	Water contamination and its purification are a global problem.
28272038	1	25	theme	Water	103:107	arg1	purification					131:142	its purification	127:142	its purification	127:142	Water contamination and its purification are a global problem.
28272038	5	26	theme	polymer	717:723	arg1	chitosan					725:732	the natural polymer chitosan	705:732	the natural polymer chitosan	705:732	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	7	27	theme	ions	1215:1218	arg1	removal					1188:1194	complete removal	1179:1194	complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1179:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	28	theme	impurities	1092:1101	arg1	removal					1073:1079	a 100% removal	1066:1079	a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water	1066:1170	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	8	29	theme	promising	1448:1456	arg1	materials					1458:1466	these assemblies promising materials	1431:1466	these assemblies promising materials	1431:1466	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	7	30	theme	ppm	1257:1259	arg1	concentration					1261:1273	30 ppm concentration	1254:1273	30 ppm concentration	1254:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	8	31	theme	assemblies	1437:1446	arg1	materials					1458:1466	these assemblies promising materials	1431:1466	these assemblies promising materials	1431:1466	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	8	32	theme	elimination	1404:1414	arg1	spectrum					1416:1423	the elimination spectrum	1400:1423	the elimination spectrum	1400:1423	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	7	33	theme	heavy	1203:1207	arg1	ions					1215:1218	the heavy metal ions	1199:1218	the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1199:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	33	theme	heavy	1203:1207	arg1	Cd+2					1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	33	theme	heavy	1203:1207	arg1	Co+2					1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	33	theme	heavy	1203:1207	arg1	Cu+2					1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	0	34	theme	natural	48:54	arg1	polymers					70:77	co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers	37:77	co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers	37:77	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	0	35	theme	polymers	70:77	arg1	assemblies					23:32	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies	0:32	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification	0:100	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	3	36	theme	ways	263:266	arg1	One					252:254	One	252:254	One	252:254	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	3	36	theme	ways	263:266	arg1	ways					263:266	the ways	259:266	the ways	259:266	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	6	37	theme	phthalic	994:1001	arg1	anhydride					1003:1011	phthalic anhydride	994:1011	phthalic anhydride	994:1011	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	0	38	theme	co-grafted	37:46	arg1	polymers					70:77	co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers	37:77	co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers	37:77	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	4	39	theme	critical	523:530	arg1	temperature					541:551	lower critical solution temperature	517:551	lower critical solution temperature	517:551	This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature.
28272038	5	40	theme	smart	761:765	arg1	assemblies					783:792	smart graft polymeric assemblies	761:792	smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs)	761:799	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	5	40	theme	smart	761:765	arg1	GPAs					795:798	GPAs	795:798	GPAs	795:798	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	2	41	theme	acceptable	233:242	arg1	levels					244:249	acceptable levels	233:249	acceptable levels	233:249	The current approach to purify water is reduction of impurities to acceptable levels.
28272038	7	42	from	removal	1188:1194	arg1	concentration					1261:1273	30 ppm concentration	1254:1273	30 ppm concentration	1254:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	0	43	theme	synthetic	60:68	arg1	polymers					70:77	co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers	37:77	co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers	37:77	Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification.
28272038	4	44	theme	lower	517:521	arg1	temperature					541:551	lower critical solution temperature	517:551	lower critical solution temperature	517:551	This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature.
28272038	2	45	theme	current	170:176	arg1	reduction					206:214	reduction	206:214	reduction of impurities to acceptable levels	206:249	The current approach to purify water is reduction of impurities to acceptable levels.
28272038	2	45	theme	current	170:176	arg1	approach					178:185	The current approach	166:185	The current approach to purify water	166:201	The current approach to purify water is reduction of impurities to acceptable levels.
28272038	6	46	theme	adsorption	855:864	arg1	properties					866:875	excellent adsorption properties	845:875	excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride	845:1011	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	5	47	theme	natural	709:715	arg1	chitosan					725:732	the natural polymer chitosan	705:732	the natural polymer chitosan	705:732	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	8	48	theme	water	1471:1475	arg1	treatment					1477:1485	water treatment	1471:1485	water treatment	1471:1485	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	6	49	theme	polymers	819:826	arg1	GPA-2					829:833	GPA-2	829:833	GPA-2	829:833	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	6	49	theme	polymers	819:826	arg1	polymers					819:826	the graft polymers	809:826	the graft polymers	809:826	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	6	49	theme	polymers	819:826	arg1	One					802:804	One	802:804	One	802:804	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	2	50	theme	impurities	219:228	arg1	reduction					206:214	reduction	206:214	reduction of impurities to acceptable levels	206:249	The current approach to purify water is reduction of impurities to acceptable levels.
28272038	2	50	theme	impurities	219:228	arg1	approach					178:185	The current approach	166:185	The current approach to purify water	166:201	The current approach to purify water is reduction of impurities to acceptable levels.
28272038	5	51	theme	composite	560:568	arg1	polymers					570:577	These composite polymers	554:577	These composite polymers	554:577	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	7	52	theme	complete	1179:1186	arg1	removal					1188:1194	complete removal	1179:1194	complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1179:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	4	53	theme	solution	532:539	arg1	temperature					541:551	lower critical solution temperature	517:551	lower critical solution temperature	517:551	This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature.
28272038	6	54	theme	graft	813:817	arg1	polymers					819:826	the graft polymers	809:826	the graft polymers	809:826	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
28272038	7	55	theme	30	1254:1255	arg1	ppm					1257:1259	ppm	1257:1259	ppm	1257:1259	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	56	from	concentration	1261:1273	arg1	ions					1215:1218	the heavy metal ions	1199:1218	the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1199:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	56	from	concentration	1261:1273	arg1	removal					1188:1194	complete removal	1179:1194	complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1179:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	56	from	concentration	1261:1273	arg1	Cd+2					1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	56	from	concentration	1261:1273	arg1	Co+2					1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	56	from	concentration	1261:1273	arg1	Cu+2					1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	4	57	theme	polymers	421:428	arg1	blend					402:406	a blend	400:406	a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature	400:551	This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature.
28272038	8	58	from	reduction	1319:1327	arg1	level					1332:1336	level	1332:1336	level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility	1332:1395	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	8	58	from	reduction	1319:1327	arg1	spectrum					1416:1423	the elimination spectrum	1400:1423	the elimination spectrum	1400:1423	The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
28272038	4	59	theme	composite	411:419	arg1	polymers					421:428	composite polymers	411:428	composite polymers	411:428	This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature.
28272038	1	60	theme	global	150:155	arg1	problem					157:163	a global problem	148:163	a global problem	148:163	Water contamination and its purification are a global problem.
28272038	1	60	theme	global	150:155	arg1	contamination					109:121	Water contamination	103:121	Water contamination	103:121	Water contamination and its purification are a global problem.
28272038	1	60	theme	global	150:155	arg1	purification					131:142	its purification	127:142	its purification	127:142	Water contamination and its purification are a global problem.
28272038	5	61	dep	poly	613:616	arg1	on-to					699:703	on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives	699:751	on-to	699:703	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	5	61	dep	poly	613:616	arg1	N-diethylacrylamide					620:638	N-diethylacrylamide	620:638	N-diethylacrylamide	620:638	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	5	61	dep	poly	613:616	arg1	derivatives					741:751	its derivatives	737:751	its derivatives	737:751	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	5	61	dep	poly	613:616	arg1	N					618:618	N	618:618	N	618:618	These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs).
28272038	3	62	theme	extract	325:331	arg1	contaminants					354:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	extract organic and metallic contaminants	325:365	One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water.
28272038	7	63	dep	ions	1215:1218	arg1	ions					1215:1218	the heavy metal ions	1199:1218	the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration	1199:1273	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	63	dep	ions	1215:1218	arg1	Cd+2					1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Cd+2	1236:1239	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	63	dep	ions	1215:1218	arg1	Co+2					1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Co+2	1227:1230	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	7	63	dep	ions	1215:1218	arg1	Cu+2					1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Cu+2	1221:1224	Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities - chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) - from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2.
28272038	6	64	theme	organic	953:959	arg1	impurities					961:970	organic impurities	953:970	organic impurities	953:970	One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride.
25637355	7	0	theme	inducible	1433:1441	arg1	sites					1443:1447	constitutive and inducible sites	1416:1447	constitutive and inducible sites	1416:1447	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	1	1	theme	regulatory	141:150	arg1	IRF8					162:165	IRF8	162:165	IRF8	162:165	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	1	1	theme	regulatory	141:150	arg1	factor					152:157	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8	100:159	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8)	100:166	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	0	2	theme	gene	68:71	arg1	expression					73:82	constitutive and inducible gene expression	41:82	constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages	41:97	A dual cis-regulatory code links IRF8 to constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages.
25637355	8	3	theme	same	1503:1506	arg1	TF					1508:1509	the same TF	1499:1509	the same TF	1499:1509	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	3	4	theme	distinct	485:492	arg1	sequences					516:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	3	4	theme	distinct	485:492	arg1	sets					494:497	distinct sets	485:497	distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences	485:524	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	8	5	theme	sites	1624:1628	arg1	combinations					1584:1595	distinct combinations	1575:1595	distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites	1575:1628	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	6	6	theme	IRFs	995:998	arg1	expression					969:978	increased expression	959:978	increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs	959:1019	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	3	7	theme	sequences	516:524	arg1	sequences					516:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	3	7	theme	sequences	516:524	arg1	sets					494:497	distinct sets	485:497	distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences	485:524	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	5	8	theme	genes	929:933	arg1	expression					896:905	basal expression	890:905	basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes	890:933	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	6	9	theme	increased	959:967	arg1	expression					969:978	increased expression	959:978	increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs	959:1019	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	5	10	theme	Basal	704:708	arg1	binding					720:726	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding	704:726	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding	704:726	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	6	11	theme	IRF8	1223:1226	arg1	cistrome					1228:1235	the basal IRF8 cistrome	1213:1235	the basal IRF8 cistrome	1213:1235	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	4	12	theme	development	686:696	arg1	PU.1					698:701	myeloid development PU.1	678:701	myeloid development PU.1	678:701	In resting cells, IRF8 was mainly bound to composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1.
25637355	5	13	theme	IRF8-PU.1	710:718	arg1	binding					720:726	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding	704:726	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding	704:726	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	4	14	theme	myeloid	678:684	arg1	PU.1					698:701	myeloid development PU.1	678:701	myeloid development PU.1	678:701	In resting cells, IRF8 was mainly bound to composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1.
25637355	6	15	theme	basal	1217:1221	arg1	cistrome					1228:1235	the basal IRF8 cistrome	1213:1235	the basal IRF8 cistrome	1213:1235	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	5	16	theme	genes	774:778	arg1	panel					765:769	a broad panel	757:769	a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines)	757:869	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	3	17	theme	DNA	502:504	arg1	sequences					516:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	5	18	theme	basal	890:894	arg1	expression					896:905	basal expression	890:905	basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes	890:933	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	4	19	theme	composite	624:632	arg1	sites					634:638	composite sites	624:638	composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1	624:701	In resting cells, IRF8 was mainly bound to composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1.
25637355	8	20	attach	linked	1518:1523	arg3	combinations					1584:1595	distinct combinations	1575:1595	distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites	1575:1628	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	8	20	attach	linked	1518:1523	arg1	regulation					1560:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	8	20	attach	linked	1518:1523	arg2	TF					1508:1509	the same TF	1499:1509	the same TF	1499:1509	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	3	21	theme	consensus	506:514	arg1	sequences					516:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	DNA consensus sequences	502:524	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	6	22	theme	IRF8	1029:1032	arg1	binding					1034:1040	IRF8 binding	1029:1040	IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome	1029:1235	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	2	23	theme	DNA	435:437	arg1	sequences					439:447	alternative DNA sequences	423:447	alternative DNA sequences	423:447	One possibility is that these different roles are linked to the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences.
25637355	6	24	theme	composite	1128:1136	arg1	sites					1147:1151	composite IRF-AP-1 sites	1128:1151	composite IRF-AP-1 sites	1128:1151	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	3	25	theme	lipopolysaccharide	543:560	arg1	stimulation					568:578	lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation	543:578	lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation	543:578	We found that IRF8 is recruited to distinct sets of DNA consensus sequences before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
25637355	8	26	theme	alternative	1600:1610	arg1	sites					1624:1628	alternative DNA-binding sites	1600:1628	alternative DNA-binding sites	1600:1628	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	2	27	theme	alternative	423:433	arg1	sequences					439:447	alternative DNA sequences	423:447	alternative DNA sequences	423:447	One possibility is that these different roles are linked to the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences.
25637355	8	28	theme	constitutive	1528:1539	arg1	regulation					1560:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	5	29	theme	microbial	824:832	arg1	recognition					834:844	microbial recognition	824:844	microbial recognition	824:844	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	5	30	theme	many	910:913	arg1	genes					929:933	many LPS-inducible genes	910:933	many LPS-inducible genes	910:933	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	7	31	contain	contained	1381:1389	arg1	genes					1375:1379	inducible IRF8-dependent genes	1350:1379	inducible IRF8-dependent genes	1350:1379	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	7	31	contain	contained	1381:1389	arg2	combinations					1400:1411	variable combinations	1391:1411	variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites	1391:1447	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	6	32	theme	TFs	1017:1019	arg1	expression					969:978	increased expression	959:978	increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs	959:1019	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	5	33	theme	essential	780:788	arg1	genes					774:778	genes	774:778	genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines)	774:869	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	5	34	theme	LPS-inducible	915:927	arg1	genes					929:933	many LPS-inducible genes	910:933	many LPS-inducible genes	910:933	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	2	35	theme	IRF8	410:413	arg1	ability					399:405	the ability	395:405	the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences	395:447	One possibility is that these different roles are linked to the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences.
25637355	5	36	theme	macrophage	794:803	arg1	functions					805:813	macrophage functions	794:813	macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines)	794:869	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	8	37	theme	inducible	1545:1553	arg1	regulation					1560:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	4	38	theme	resting	584:590	arg1	cells					592:596	resting cells	584:596	resting cells	584:596	In resting cells, IRF8 was mainly bound to composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1.
25637355	0	39	from	expression	73:82	arg1	macrophages					87:97	macrophages	87:97	macrophages	87:97	A dual cis-regulatory code links IRF8 to constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages.
25637355	4	40	theme	master	658:663	arg1	regulator					665:673	the master regulator	654:673	the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1	654:701	In resting cells, IRF8 was mainly bound to composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1.
25637355	6	41	theme	AP-1	1005:1008	arg1	TFs					1017:1019	AP-1 family TFs	1005:1019	AP-1 family TFs	1005:1019	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	6	42	theme	low-affinity	1088:1099	arg1	sites					1118:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	6	43	contain	containing	1077:1086	arg2	sites					1147:1151	composite IRF-AP-1 sites	1128:1151	composite IRF-AP-1 sites	1128:1151	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	6	43	contain	containing	1077:1086	arg2	sites					1118:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	6	43	contain	containing	1077:1086	arg1	regions					1069:1075	additional regions	1058:1075	additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome	1058:1235	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	7	44	theme	only	1300:1303	arg1	sites					1305:1309	only sites	1300:1309	only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment	1300:1347	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	1	45	theme	developmental	182:194	arg1	genes					232:236	both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes	177:236	both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes	177:236	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	5	46	theme	broad	759:763	arg1	panel					765:769	a broad panel	757:769	a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines)	757:869	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	1	47	theme	different	294:302	arg1	functions					304:312	these two different functions	284:312	these two different functions	284:312	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	7	48	theme	variable	1391:1398	arg1	combinations					1400:1411	variable combinations	1391:1411	variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites	1391:1447	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	7	49	theme	expressed	1259:1267	arg1	genes					1284:1288	constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes	1244:1288	constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes	1244:1288	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	0	50	theme	constitutive	41:52	arg1	expression					73:82	constitutive and inducible gene expression	41:82	constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages	41:97	A dual cis-regulatory code links IRF8 to constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages.
25637355	8	51	theme	gene	1555:1558	arg1	regulation					1560:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	constitutive and inducible gene regulation	1528:1569	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	7	52	theme	basal	1321:1325	arg1	recruitment					1337:1347	basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment	1321:1347	basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment	1321:1347	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	6	53	theme	LPS	942:944	arg1	stimulation					946:956	LPS stimulation	942:956	LPS stimulation	942:956	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	7	54	theme	inducible	1350:1358	arg1	genes					1375:1379	inducible IRF8-dependent genes	1350:1379	inducible IRF8-dependent genes	1350:1379	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	6	55	theme	additional	1058:1067	arg1	regions					1069:1075	additional regions	1058:1075	additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome	1058:1235	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	1	56	theme	transcription	104:116	arg1	IRF8					162:165	IRF8	162:165	IRF8	162:165	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	1	56	theme	transcription	104:116	arg1	factor					152:157	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8	100:159	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8)	100:166	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	8	57	theme	distinct	1575:1582	arg1	combinations					1584:1595	distinct combinations	1575:1595	distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites	1575:1628	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	2	58	attach	linked	385:390	arg2	roles					375:379	these different roles	359:379	these different roles	359:379	One possibility is that these different roles are linked to the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences.
25637355	2	58	attach	linked	385:390	arg1	ability					399:405	the ability	395:405	the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences	395:447	One possibility is that these different roles are linked to the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences.
25637355	7	59	theme	IRF8-dependent	1360:1373	arg1	genes					1375:1379	inducible IRF8-dependent genes	1350:1379	inducible IRF8-dependent genes	1350:1379	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	1	60	theme	factor	118:123	arg1	IRF8					162:165	IRF8	162:165	IRF8	162:165	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	1	60	theme	factor	118:123	arg1	factor					152:157	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8	100:159	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8)	100:166	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	7	61	contain	contained	1290:1298	arg2	sites					1305:1309	only sites	1300:1309	only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment	1300:1347	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	7	61	contain	contained	1290:1298	arg1	genes					1284:1288	constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes	1244:1288	constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes	1244:1288	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	6	62	theme	other	989:993	arg1	IRFs					995:998	other IRFs	989:998	other IRFs	989:998	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	4	63	theme	PU.1	698:701	arg1	regulator					665:673	the master regulator	654:673	the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1	654:701	In resting cells, IRF8 was mainly bound to composite sites together with the master regulator of myeloid development PU.1.
25637355	6	64	theme	regions	1069:1075	arg1	thousands					1045:1053	thousands	1045:1053	thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome	1045:1235	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	1	65	theme	inflammatory	200:211	arg1	genes					232:236	both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes	177:236	both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes	177:236	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	6	66	theme	IRF-AP-1	1138:1145	arg1	sites					1147:1151	composite IRF-AP-1 sites	1128:1151	composite IRF-AP-1 sites	1128:1151	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	8	67	theme	genome	1482:1487	arg1	scale					1489:1493	the genome scale	1478:1493	the genome scale	1478:1493	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	7	68	theme	sites	1443:1447	arg1	combinations					1400:1411	variable combinations	1391:1411	variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites	1391:1447	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	7	69	theme	constitutive	1416:1427	arg1	sites					1443:1447	constitutive and inducible sites	1416:1447	constitutive and inducible sites	1416:1447	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	1	70	theme	TF	126:127	arg1	IRF8					162:165	IRF8	162:165	IRF8	162:165	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	1	70	theme	TF	126:127	arg1	factor					152:157	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8	100:159	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8)	100:166	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	6	71	theme	multimerized	1101:1112	arg1	sites					1118:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	1	72	theme	stimulus-inducible	213:230	arg1	genes					232:236	both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes	177:236	both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes	177:236	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	0	73	theme	inducible	58:66	arg1	expression					73:82	constitutive and inducible gene expression	41:82	constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages	41:97	A dual cis-regulatory code links IRF8 to constitutive and inducible gene expression in macrophages.
25637355	5	74	dep	functions	805:813	arg1	such					816:819	such	816:819	such	816:819	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	6	75	theme	family	1010:1015	arg1	TFs					1017:1019	AP-1 family TFs	1005:1019	AP-1 family TFs	1005:1019	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	2	76	theme	different	365:373	arg1	roles					375:379	these different roles	359:379	these different roles	359:379	One possibility is that these different roles are linked to the ability of IRF8 to bind alternative DNA sequences.
25637355	7	77	theme	IRF8-dependent	1269:1282	arg1	genes					1284:1288	constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes	1244:1288	constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes	1244:1288	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	8	78	theme	DNA-binding	1612:1622	arg1	sites					1624:1628	alternative DNA-binding sites	1600:1628	alternative DNA-binding sites	1600:1628	Overall, these data show at the genome scale how the same TF can be linked to constitutive and inducible gene regulation via distinct combinations of alternative DNA-binding sites.
25637355	5	79	theme	panel	765:769	arg1	expression					743:752	the expression	739:752	the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines)	739:869	Basal IRF8-PU.1 binding maintained the expression of a broad panel of genes essential for macrophage functions (such as microbial recognition and response to purines) and contributed to basal expression of many LPS-inducible genes.
25637355	6	80	theme	IRF	1114:1116	arg1	sites					1118:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	low-affinity multimerized IRF sites	1088:1122	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
25637355	7	81	theme	IRF8/PU.1	1327:1335	arg1	recruitment					1337:1347	basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment	1321:1347	basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment	1321:1347	While constitutively expressed IRF8-dependent genes contained only sites mediating basal IRF8/PU.1 recruitment, inducible IRF8-dependent genes contained variable combinations of constitutive and inducible sites.
25637355	1	82	theme	interferon	130:139	arg1	IRF8					162:165	IRF8	162:165	IRF8	162:165	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	1	82	theme	interferon	130:139	arg1	factor					152:157	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8	100:159	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8)	100:166	The transcription factor (TF) interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) controls both developmental and inflammatory stimulus-inducible genes in macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying these two different functions are largely unknown.
25637355	6	83	theme	IRF8	983:986	arg1	expression					969:978	increased expression	959:978	increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs	959:1019	After LPS stimulation, increased expression of IRF8, other IRFs, and AP-1 family TFs enabled IRF8 binding to thousands of additional regions containing low-affinity multimerized IRF sites and composite IRF-AP-1 sites, which were not premarked by PU.1 and did not contribute to the basal IRF8 cistrome.
24532821	0	0	theme	Heparin-Induced	71:85	arg1	Thrombocytopenia					87:102	Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia	61:102	Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia	61:102	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.
24532821	8	1	theme	direct	952:957	arg1	costs					967:971	the direct medical costs	948:971	the direct medical costs related to HIT management	948:997	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	3	2	theme	diagnostic	488:497	arg1	evaluation					499:508	their diagnostic evaluation	482:508	their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not	482:529	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	8	3	theme	=	933:933	arg1	P					931:931	P	931:931	P = .409	931:938	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	0	4	theme	Suspected	61:69	arg1	Thrombocytopenia					87:102	Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia	61:102	Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia	61:102	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.
24532821	1	5	theme	functional	167:176	arg1	assays					187:192	functional platelet assays	167:192	functional platelet assays	167:192	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	7	6	theme	end	801:803	arg1	point					805:809	the composite primary clinical end point	770:809	the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911)	770:834	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	0	7	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	Cost					44:47	the Cost	40:47	the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia	40:102	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.
24532821	9	8	dep	length	1109:1114	arg1	stay					1119:1122	stay	1119:1122	stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029)	1119:1148	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	3	9	theme	illness	370:376	arg1	analysis					378:385	illness analysis	370:385	illness analysis of suspected HIT	370:402	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	9	10	theme	SRA	1059:1061	arg1	ordering					1043:1050	Early ordering	1037:1050	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours)	1037:1079	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	5	11	theme	patients	632:639	arg1	criteria					667:674	147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria	628:674	147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria	628:674	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.
24532821	7	12	theme	primary	784:790	arg1	point					805:809	the composite primary clinical end point	770:809	the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911)	770:834	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	3	13	theme	retrospective	348:360	arg1	cost					362:365	a retrospective cost	346:365	a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT	346:402	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	8	14	dep	=	933:933	arg1	.409					935:938	.409	935:938	.409	935:938	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	2	15	theme	single-center	281:293	arg1	study					295:299	a single-center study	279:299	a single-center study conducted in the United States	279:330	METHODS This was a single-center study conducted in the United States.
24532821	2	15	theme	single-center	281:293	arg1	METHODS					262:268	METHODS	262:268	METHODS This	262:273	METHODS This was a single-center study conducted in the United States.
24532821	7	16	theme	clinical	792:799	arg1	point					805:809	the composite primary clinical end point	770:809	the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911)	770:834	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	1	17	theme	platelet	178:185	arg1	assays					187:192	functional platelet assays	167:192	functional platelet assays	167:192	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	8	18	theme	related	973:979	arg1	costs					967:971	the direct medical costs	948:971	the direct medical costs related to HIT management	948:997	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	19	theme	HIT	984:986	arg1	management					988:997	HIT management	984:997	HIT management	984:997	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	3	20	theme	suspected	390:398	arg1	HIT					400:402	suspected HIT	390:402	suspected HIT	390:402	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	10	21	theme	SRA	1219:1221	arg1	use					1212:1214	The use	1208:1214	The use of SRA	1208:1221	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	7	22	dep	point	805:809	arg1	=					828:828	=	828:828	=	828:828	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	7	23	theme	composite	774:782	arg1	point					805:809	the composite primary clinical end point	770:809	the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911)	770:834	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	3	24	theme	HIT	400:402	arg1	analysis					378:385	illness analysis	370:385	illness analysis of suspected HIT	370:402	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	4	25	theme	primary	536:542	arg1	mortality					582:590	mortality	582:590	mortality	582:590	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	25	theme	primary	536:542	arg1	point					557:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	25	theme	primary	536:542	arg1	composite					569:577	a composite	567:577	a composite of mortality and major bleed	567:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	25	theme	primary	536:542	arg1	bleed					602:606	bleed	602:606	bleed	602:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	2	26	theme	United	318:323	arg1	States					325:330	the United States	314:330	the United States	314:330	METHODS This was a single-center study conducted in the United States.
24532821	3	27	theme	serotonin	433:441	arg1	SRA					458:460	SRA	458:460	SRA	458:460	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	3	27	theme	serotonin	433:441	arg1	assay					451:455	the serotonin release assay	429:455	the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not	429:529	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	3	28	theme	analysis	378:385	arg1	cost					362:365	a retrospective cost	346:365	a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT	346:402	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	7	29	theme	SRA	747:749	arg1	use					751:753	SRA use	747:753	SRA use	747:753	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	5	30	theme	inclusion	657:665	arg1	criteria					667:674	147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria	628:674	147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria	628:674	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.
24532821	8	31	theme	total	874:878	arg1	cost					880:883	the total cost	870:883	the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409)	870:939	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	10	32	with	patients	1280:1287	arg1	HIT					1304:1306	suspected HIT	1294:1306	suspected HIT	1294:1306	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	0	33	theme	Platelet	10:17	arg1	Assays					30:35	Platelet Functional Assays	10:35	Platelet Functional Assays	10:35	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.
24532821	4	34	theme	end	553:555	arg1	mortality					582:590	mortality	582:590	mortality	582:590	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	34	theme	end	553:555	arg1	point					557:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	34	theme	end	553:555	arg1	composite					569:577	a composite	567:577	a composite of mortality and major bleed	567:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	34	theme	end	553:555	arg1	bleed					602:606	bleed	602:606	bleed	602:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	5	35	theme	criteria	667:674	arg1	total					619:623	A total	617:623	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.	609:675	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.
24532821	3	36	theme	evaluation	499:508	arg1	part					474:477	part	474:477	part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not	474:529	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	4	37	theme	bleed	602:606	arg1	mortality					582:590	mortality	582:590	mortality	582:590	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	37	theme	bleed	602:606	arg1	point					557:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	37	theme	bleed	602:606	arg1	composite					569:577	a composite	567:577	a composite of mortality and major bleed	567:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	37	theme	bleed	602:606	arg1	bleed					602:606	bleed	602:606	bleed	602:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	5	38	dep	RESULTS	609:615	arg1	total					619:623	A total	617:623	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.	609:675	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.
24532821	4	39	theme	clinical	544:551	arg1	mortality					582:590	mortality	582:590	mortality	582:590	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	39	theme	clinical	544:551	arg1	point					557:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	39	theme	clinical	544:551	arg1	composite					569:577	a composite	567:577	a composite of mortality and major bleed	567:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	39	theme	clinical	544:551	arg1	bleed					602:606	bleed	602:606	bleed	602:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	7	40	dep	=	828:828	arg1	%					816:816	32.1%	812:816	32.1%	812:816	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	7	40	dep	=	828:828	arg1	%					823:823	33%	821:823	33%	821:823	Overall, SRA use did not reduce the composite primary clinical end point (32.1% vs 33%, P = .911).
24532821	2	41	dep	METHODS	262:268	arg1	This					270:273	This	270:273	This	270:273	METHODS This was a single-center study conducted in the United States.
24532821	8	42	dep	$	906:906	arg1	84781.1					907:913	84781.1	907:913	84781.1	907:913	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	42	dep	$	906:906	arg1	$					921:921	$	921:921	$	921:921	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	42	dep	$	906:906	arg1	P					931:931	P	931:931	P = .409	931:938	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	0	43	theme	Assays	30:35	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia	0:102	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.
24532821	9	44	dep	stay	1119:1122	arg1	days					1134:1137	20 vs 27 days	1125:1137	20 vs 27 days	1125:1137	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	0	45	theme	Functional	19:28	arg1	Assays					30:35	Platelet Functional Assays	10:35	Platelet Functional Assays	10:35	Impact of Platelet Functional Assays on the Cost of Treating Suspected Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.
24532821	9	46	from	difference	1164:1173	arg1	cost					1178:1181	cost	1178:1181	cost of treatment	1178:1194	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	1	47	theme	heparin-induced	222:236	arg1	HIT					256:258	HIT	256:258	HIT	256:258	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	1	47	theme	heparin-induced	222:236	arg1	thrombocytopenia					238:253	heparin-induced thrombocytopenia	222:253	heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)	222:259	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	10	48	theme	suspected	1294:1302	arg1	HIT					1304:1306	suspected HIT	1294:1306	suspected HIT	1294:1306	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	9	49	theme	shorter	1101:1107	arg1	length					1109:1114	shorter length	1101:1114	shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029)	1101:1148	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	5	50	theme	met	641:643	arg1	criteria					667:674	147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria	628:674	147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria	628:674	RESULTS A total of 147 patients met the study's inclusion criteria.
24532821	3	51	theme	release	443:449	arg1	SRA					458:460	SRA	458:460	SRA	458:460	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	3	51	theme	release	443:449	arg1	assay					451:455	the serotonin release assay	429:455	the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not	429:529	We performed a retrospective cost of illness analysis of suspected HIT, comparing patients with the serotonin release assay (SRA) ordered as part of their diagnostic evaluation to those who did not.
24532821	9	52	theme	=	1142:1142	arg1	P					1140:1140	P = .029	1140:1147	P = .029	1140:1147	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	8	53	from	difference	856:865	arg1	costs					967:971	the direct medical costs	948:971	the direct medical costs related to HIT management	948:997	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	53	from	difference	856:865	arg1	cost					880:883	the total cost	870:883	the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409)	870:939	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	54	dep	$	1003:1003	arg1	$					1017:1017	$	1017:1017	$	1017:1017	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	10	55	from	outcomes	1268:1275	arg1	patients					1280:1287	patients	1280:1287	patients with suspected HIT	1280:1306	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	6	56	theme	patients	702:709	arg1	positive					728:735	positive	728:735	positive	728:735	An SRA was ordered in 53 patients of whom 17% were positive.
24532821	8	57	dep	stay	897:900	arg1	$					906:906	$	906:906	$	906:906	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	57	dep	stay	897:900	arg1	US					918:919	US	918:919	US	918:919	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	1	58	theme	potential	135:143	arg1	savings					150:156	the potential cost savings	131:156	the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)	131:259	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	1	59	theme	thrombocytopenia	238:253	arg1	diagnosis					209:217	the diagnosis	205:217	the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)	205:259	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	8	60	dep	=	1028:1028	arg1	$					1003:1003	$	1003:1003	$	1003:1003	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	8	60	dep	=	1028:1028	arg1	US					1014:1015	US	1014:1015	US	1014:1015	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
24532821	1	61	theme	cost	145:148	arg1	savings					150:156	the potential cost savings	131:156	the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)	131:259	OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential cost savings of using functional platelet assays to confirm the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
24532821	9	62	theme	treatment	1186:1194	arg1	cost					1178:1181	cost	1178:1181	cost of treatment	1178:1194	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	9	63	dep	days	1134:1137	arg1	P					1140:1140	P = .029	1140:1147	P = .029	1140:1147	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	10	64	dep	CONCLUSION	1197:1206	arg1	reduce					1231:1236	reduce	1231:1236	reduce the costs	1231:1246	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	10	64	dep	CONCLUSION	1197:1206	arg1	improve					1251:1257	improve	1251:1257	improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT	1251:1306	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	9	65	theme	Early	1037:1041	arg1	ordering					1043:1050	Early ordering	1037:1050	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours)	1037:1079	Early ordering of the SRA (within 48 hours) was associated with shorter length of stay (20 vs 27 days, P = .029) but without a difference in cost of treatment.
24532821	10	66	theme	clinical	1259:1266	arg1	outcomes					1268:1275	clinical outcomes	1259:1275	clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT	1259:1306	CONCLUSION The use of SRA did not reduce the costs or improve clinical outcomes in patients with suspected HIT.
24532821	4	67	theme	mortality	582:590	arg1	mortality					582:590	mortality	582:590	mortality	582:590	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	67	theme	mortality	582:590	arg1	point					557:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point	532:561	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	67	theme	mortality	582:590	arg1	composite					569:577	a composite	567:577	a composite of mortality and major bleed	567:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	4	67	theme	mortality	582:590	arg1	bleed					602:606	bleed	602:606	bleed	602:606	The primary clinical end point was a composite of mortality and major bleed.
24532821	8	68	theme	medical	959:965	arg1	costs					967:971	the direct medical costs	948:971	the direct medical costs related to HIT management	948:997	Also, there was no difference in the total cost of hospital stay (US $84781.1 vs US $78534.4, P = .409) nor in the direct medical costs related to HIT management (US $7473.5 vs US $8402.4, P = .393).
26331584	0	0	theme	Effective	83:91	arg1	Delivery					98:105	Effective Drug Delivery	83:105	Effective Drug Delivery	83:105	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	6	1	theme	anticancer	1215:1224	arg1	system					1240:1245	the anticancer drug delivery system	1211:1245	the anticancer drug delivery system	1211:1245	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	5	2	theme	HeLa	1040:1043	arg1	cells					1045:1049	HeLa cells	1040:1049	HeLa cells	1040:1049	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	5	3	theme	carcinoma	845:853	arg1	cells					862:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	6	4	theme	fabricated	1081:1090	arg1	CS-SFNPs					1092:1099	the fabricated CS-SFNPs	1077:1099	the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media	1077:1154	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	3	5	theme	electrostatic	644:656	arg1	interaction					658:668	electrostatic interaction	644:668	electrostatic interaction	644:668	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	4	6	theme	colloidal	771:779	arg1	stability					781:789	much higher colloidal stability	759:789	much higher colloidal stability in biological media	759:809	According to the DLS and NTA results, compared with the bare SFNPs, the CS-SFNPs showed much higher colloidal stability in biological media.
26331584	6	7	theme	colloidal	1116:1124	arg1	stability					1126:1134	desirable colloidal stability	1106:1134	desirable colloidal stability	1106:1134	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	0	8	theme	Drug	93:96	arg1	Delivery					98:105	Effective Drug Delivery	83:105	Effective Drug Delivery	83:105	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	5	9	theme	higher	1012:1017	arg1	cytotoxicity					1019:1030	higher cytotoxicity	1012:1030	higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells	1012:1049	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	6	10	theme	biological	1139:1148	arg1	media					1150:1154	biological media	1139:1154	biological media	1139:1154	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	chitosan					576:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	N					560:560	N	560:560	N	560:560	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	polyethylenimine					586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	N					562:562	N	562:562	N	562:562	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	polyethylenimine					618:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	11	theme	different	505:513	arg1	chitosan					550:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	6	12	theme	drug	1193:1196	arg1	carriers					1198:1205	drug carriers	1193:1205	drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system	1193:1245	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	4	13	theme	NTA	696:698	arg1	results					700:706	NTA results	696:706	NTA results	696:706	According to the DLS and NTA results, compared with the bare SFNPs, the CS-SFNPs showed much higher colloidal stability in biological media.
26331584	4	14	theme	bare	727:730	arg1	SFNPs					732:736	the bare SFNPs	723:736	the bare SFNPs	723:736	According to the DLS and NTA results, compared with the bare SFNPs, the CS-SFNPs showed much higher colloidal stability in biological media.
26331584	6	15	from	CS-SFNPs	1092:1099	arg1	media					1150:1154	biological media	1139:1154	biological media	1139:1154	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	1	16	theme	great	158:162	arg1	nanoparticles					132:144	silk fibroin nanoparticles	119:144	silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs)	119:152	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	1	16	theme	great	158:162	arg1	candidates					164:173	great candidates	158:173	great candidates	158:173	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	chitosan					576:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	N					560:560	N	560:560	N	560:560	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	polyethylenimine					586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	N					562:562	N	562:562	N	562:562	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	polyethylenimine					618:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	17	with	SFNPs	489:493	arg1	chitosan					550:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	2	18	theme	biological	357:366	arg1	media					368:372	biological media	357:372	biological media	357:372	However, their further applications are largely limited by the low colloidal stability of SFNPs, as they tend to aggregate in biological media.
26331584	4	19	from	stability	781:789	arg1	media					805:809	biological media	794:809	biological media	794:809	According to the DLS and NTA results, compared with the bare SFNPs, the CS-SFNPs showed much higher colloidal stability in biological media.
26331584	2	20	theme	colloidal	298:306	arg1	stability					308:316	the low colloidal stability	290:316	the low colloidal stability of SFNPs	290:325	However, their further applications are largely limited by the low colloidal stability of SFNPs, as they tend to aggregate in biological media.
26331584	0	21	theme	Colloidal	0:8	arg1	Stability					10:18	Colloidal Stability	0:18	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles	0:48	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	6	22	contain	have	1156:1159	arg2	potential					1165:1173	the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system	1161:1245	the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system	1161:1245	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	6	22	contain	have	1156:1159	arg1	CS-SFNPs					1092:1099	the fabricated CS-SFNPs	1077:1099	the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media	1077:1154	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	4	23	theme	biological	794:803	arg1	media					805:809	biological media	794:809	biological media	794:809	According to the DLS and NTA results, compared with the bare SFNPs, the CS-SFNPs showed much higher colloidal stability in biological media.
26331584	2	24	theme	low	294:296	arg1	stability					308:316	the low colloidal stability	290:316	the low colloidal stability of SFNPs	290:325	However, their further applications are largely limited by the low colloidal stability of SFNPs, as they tend to aggregate in biological media.
26331584	0	25	theme	Silk	23:26	arg1	Nanoparticles					36:48	Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles	23:48	Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles	23:48	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	6	26	with	CS-SFNPs	1092:1099	arg1	stability					1126:1134	desirable colloidal stability	1106:1134	desirable colloidal stability	1106:1134	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	3	27	with	materials	413:421	arg1	CS-SFNPs					452:459	CS-SFNPs	452:459	CS-SFNPs	452:459	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	27	with	materials	413:421	arg1	structure					441:449	a core-shell structure	428:449	a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs)	428:460	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	5	28	theme	anticancer	965:974	arg1	DOX					982:984	DOX	982:984	DOX	982:984	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	5	28	theme	anticancer	965:974	arg1	drug					976:979	an anticancer drug	962:979	an anticancer drug	962:979	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	chitosan					576:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	N					560:560	N	560:560	N	560:560	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	polyethylenimine					586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	N					562:562	N	562:562	N	562:562	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	polyethylenimine					618:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	29	theme	selected	515:522	arg1	chitosan					550:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	chitosan					576:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	N					560:560	N	560:560	N	560:560	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	polyethylenimine					586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	polyethylenimine	586:601	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	N					562:562	N	562:562	N	562:562	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	polyethylenimine					618:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	30	theme	cationic	524:531	arg1	chitosan					550:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	31	theme	core-shell	430:439	arg1	CS-SFNPs					452:459	CS-SFNPs	452:459	CS-SFNPs	452:459	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	31	theme	core-shell	430:439	arg1	structure					441:449	a core-shell structure	428:449	a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs)	428:460	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	0	32	theme	Nanoparticles	36:48	arg1	Stability					10:18	Colloidal Stability	0:18	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles	0:48	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	2	33	theme	SFNPs	321:325	arg1	stability					308:316	the low colloidal stability	290:316	the low colloidal stability of SFNPs	290:325	However, their further applications are largely limited by the low colloidal stability of SFNPs, as they tend to aggregate in biological media.
26331584	1	34	theme	other	195:199	arg1	substances					211:220	other bioactive substances	195:220	other bioactive substances	195:220	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	0	35	theme	Fibroin	28:34	arg1	Nanoparticles					36:48	Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles	23:48	Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles	23:48	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	1	36	theme	bioactive	201:209	arg1	substances					211:220	other bioactive substances	195:220	other bioactive substances	195:220	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	3	37	theme	SFNP	398:401	arg1	materials					413:421	SFNP composite materials	398:421	SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs)	398:460	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	38	theme	glycol	543:548	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	38	theme	glycol	543:548	arg1	chitosan					550:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	glycol chitosan	543:557	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	5	39	theme	HeLa	856:859	arg1	cells					862:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	6	40	theme	desirable	1106:1114	arg1	stability					1126:1134	desirable colloidal stability	1106:1134	desirable colloidal stability	1106:1134	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	4	41	theme	higher	764:769	arg1	stability					781:789	much higher colloidal stability	759:789	much higher colloidal stability in biological media	759:809	According to the DLS and NTA results, compared with the bare SFNPs, the CS-SFNPs showed much higher colloidal stability in biological media.
26331584	1	42	theme	silk	119:122	arg1	SFNPs					147:151	SFNPs	147:151	SFNPs	147:151	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	1	42	theme	silk	119:122	arg1	nanoparticles					132:144	silk fibroin nanoparticles	119:144	silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs)	119:152	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	1	42	theme	silk	119:122	arg1	candidates					164:173	great candidates	158:173	great candidates	158:173	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	6	43	theme	delivery	1231:1238	arg1	system					1240:1245	the anticancer drug delivery system	1211:1245	the anticancer drug delivery system	1211:1245	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	2	44	theme	further	246:252	arg1	applications					254:265	their further applications	240:265	their further applications	240:265	However, their further applications are largely limited by the low colloidal stability of SFNPs, as they tend to aggregate in biological media.
26331584	1	45	theme	fibroin	124:130	arg1	SFNPs					147:151	SFNPs	147:151	SFNPs	147:151	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	1	45	theme	fibroin	124:130	arg1	nanoparticles					132:144	silk fibroin nanoparticles	119:144	silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs)	119:152	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	1	45	theme	fibroin	124:130	arg1	candidates					164:173	great candidates	158:173	great candidates	158:173	Generally, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) are great candidates to deliver drugs or other bioactive substances in vivo.
26331584	6	46	theme	drug	1226:1229	arg1	system					1240:1245	the anticancer drug delivery system	1211:1245	the anticancer drug delivery system	1211:1245	Our results suggest that the fabricated CS-SFNPs with desirable colloidal stability in biological media have the potential to be employed as drug carriers for the anticancer drug delivery system.
26331584	3	47	theme	N-trimethyl	564:574	arg1	chitosan					576:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	N-trimethyl chitosan	564:583	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	47	theme	N-trimethyl	564:574	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	48	theme	PEGylated	608:616	arg1	polymers					533:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	four different selected cationic polymers	500:540	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	3	48	theme	PEGylated	608:616	arg1	polyethylenimine					618:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	PEGylated polyethylenimine	608:633	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	5	49	theme	human	830:834	arg1	cells					862:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
26331584	3	50	theme	composite	403:411	arg1	materials					413:421	SFNP composite materials	398:421	SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs)	398:460	To address this issue, SFNP composite materials with a core-shell structure (CS-SFNPs) were fabricated by coating SFNPs with four different selected cationic polymers, glycol chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, polyethylenimine, and PEGylated polyethylenimine, through electrostatic interaction.
26331584	0	51	theme	Cationic	62:69	arg1	Polymer					71:77	Cationic Polymer	62:77	Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery	62:105	Colloidal Stability of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Coated with Cationic Polymer for Effective Drug Delivery.
26331584	5	52	theme	cervical	836:843	arg1	cells					862:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells	830:866	When treated with human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells, the CS-SFNPs were efficiently internalized and accumulated in lysosome; and when loaded with an anticancer drug, DOX, the CS-SFNPs also showed higher cytotoxicity against HeLa cells.
25843878	0	0	theme	methacrylate	100:111	arg1	polymerization					69:82	in situ polymerization	61:82	in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate	61:111	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	4	1	theme	Escherichia	771:781	arg1	bioluminescent					756:769	a recombinant bioluminescent	742:769	a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli	742:786	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	1	2	theme	variable	289:296	arg1	amounts					298:304	variable amounts	289:304	variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA)	289:342	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	2	theme	variable	289:296	arg1	N-methylenebis					311:324	N-methylenebis	311:324	N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA)	311:342	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	2	theme	variable	289:296	arg1	N					309:309	N	309:309	N	309:309	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	0	3	theme	2-aminoethyl	87:98	arg1	methacrylate					100:111	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	87:111	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	87:111	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	2	4	theme	obtained	365:372	arg1	nanocomposites					374:387	The obtained nanocomposites	361:387	The obtained nanocomposites	361:387	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	5	dep	Escherichia	771:781	arg1	coli					783:786	coli	783:786	coli	783:786	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	1	6	theme	N	309:309	arg1	amounts					298:304	variable amounts	289:304	variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA)	289:342	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	6	theme	N	309:309	arg1	N-methylenebis					311:324	N-methylenebis	311:324	N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA)	311:342	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	6	theme	N	309:309	arg1	N					309:309	N	309:309	N	309:309	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	2	7	theme	morphology	437:446	arg1	terms					411:415	terms	411:415	terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity	411:515	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	2	8	theme	properties	479:488	arg1	terms					411:415	terms	411:415	terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity	411:515	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	9	theme	nanocomposites	706:719	arg1	activity					681:688	The antibacterial activity	663:688	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites	663:719	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	0	10	theme	bacterial	14:22	arg1	nanocomposites					34:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites	0:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites	0:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	0	11	theme	Antimicrobial	0:12	arg1	nanocomposites					34:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites	0:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites	0:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	1	12	theme	Antimicrobial	114:126	arg1	methacrylate					166:177	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	153:177	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	153:177	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	12	theme	Antimicrobial	114:126	arg1	BC/PAEM					181:187	BC/PAEM	181:187	BC/PAEM	181:187	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	12	theme	Antimicrobial	114:126	arg1	cellulose/poly					138:151	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly	114:151	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites	114:203	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	13	theme	in	222:223	arg1	polymerization					238:251	in situ radical polymerization	222:251	in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate	222:280	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	2	14	theme	stability	457:465	arg1	terms					411:415	terms	411:415	terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity	411:515	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	15	theme	non-crosslinked	801:815	arg1	BC/PAEM					832:838	BC/PAEM	832:838	BC/PAEM	832:838	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	15	theme	non-crosslinked	801:815	arg1	nanocomposite					817:829	only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite	792:829	only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM)	792:839	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	1	16	theme	bacterial	128:136	arg1	methacrylate					166:177	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	153:177	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	153:177	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	16	theme	bacterial	128:136	arg1	BC/PAEM					181:187	BC/PAEM	181:187	BC/PAEM	181:187	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	16	theme	bacterial	128:136	arg1	cellulose/poly					138:151	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly	114:151	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites	114:203	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	0	17	theme	cellulose	24:32	arg1	nanocomposites					34:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites	0:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites	0:47	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	1	18	theme	cellulose/poly	138:151	arg1	nanocomposites					190:203	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites	114:203	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites	114:203	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	19	theme	radical	230:236	arg1	polymerization					238:251	in situ radical polymerization	222:251	in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate	222:280	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	2	20	theme	activity	508:515	arg1	terms					411:415	terms	411:415	terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity	411:515	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	3	21	theme	composite	530:538	arg1	transparent					574:584	transparent	574:584	transparent	574:584	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	3	21	theme	composite	530:538	arg1	membranes					540:548	The ensuing composite membranes	518:548	The ensuing composite membranes	518:548	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	4	22	link	non-crosslinked	801:815	arg1	BC/PAEM					832:838	BC/PAEM	832:838	BC/PAEM	832:838	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	22	link	non-crosslinked	801:815	arg1	nanocomposite					817:829	only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite	792:829	only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM)	792:839	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	23	theme	obtained	697:704	arg1	nanocomposites					706:719	the obtained nanocomposites	693:719	the obtained nanocomposites	693:719	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	2	24	theme	antibacterial	494:506	arg1	activity					508:515	antibacterial activity	494:515	antibacterial activity	494:515	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	1	25	dep	in	222:223	arg1	situ					225:228	situ	225:228	situ	225:228	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	2	26	theme	structure	426:434	arg1	terms					411:415	terms	411:415	terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity	411:515	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	27	contain	have	851:854	arg1	BC/PAEM					832:838	BC/PAEM	832:838	BC/PAEM	832:838	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	27	contain	have	851:854	arg1	nanocomposite					817:829	only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite	792:829	only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM)	792:839	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	27	contain	have	851:854	arg2	activity					870:877	antibacterial activity	856:877	antibacterial activity	856:877	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	3	28	theme	improved	619:626	arg1	properties					651:660	improved thermal and mechanical properties	619:660	improved thermal and mechanical properties	619:660	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	3	29	theme	ensuing	522:528	arg1	transparent					574:584	transparent	574:584	transparent	574:584	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	3	29	theme	ensuing	522:528	arg1	membranes					540:548	The ensuing composite membranes	518:548	The ensuing composite membranes	518:548	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	0	30	theme	in	61:62	arg1	polymerization					69:82	in situ polymerization	61:82	in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate	61:111	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	3	31	theme	thermal	628:634	arg1	properties					651:660	improved thermal and mechanical properties	619:660	improved thermal and mechanical properties	619:660	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	1	32	theme	2-aminoethyl	153:164	arg1	methacrylate					166:177	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	153:177	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	153:177	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	1	32	theme	2-aminoethyl	153:164	arg1	cellulose/poly					138:151	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly	114:151	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites	114:203	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	3	33	theme	mechanical	640:649	arg1	properties					651:660	improved thermal and mechanical properties	619:660	improved thermal and mechanical properties	619:660	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	0	34	dep	in	61:62	arg1	situ					64:67	situ	64:67	situ	64:67	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate.
25843878	3	35	theme	pure	600:603	arg1	BC					605:606	pure BC	600:606	pure BC	600:606	The ensuing composite membranes were significantly more transparent than those of pure BC and showed improved thermal and mechanical properties.
25843878	1	36	theme	2-aminoethyl	256:267	arg1	methacrylate					269:280	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	256:280	2-aminoethyl methacrylate	256:280	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	4	37	theme	antibacterial	856:868	arg1	activity					870:877	antibacterial activity	856:877	antibacterial activity	856:877	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	1	38	theme	methacrylate	269:280	arg1	polymerization					238:251	in situ radical polymerization	222:251	in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate	222:280	Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose/poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (BC/PAEM) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ radical polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate, using variable amounts of N,N-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) as cross-linker.
25843878	4	39	theme	recombinant	744:754	arg1	bioluminescent					756:769	a recombinant bioluminescent	742:769	a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli	742:786	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	4	40	theme	antibacterial	667:679	arg1	activity					681:688	The antibacterial activity	663:688	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites	663:719	The antibacterial activity of the obtained nanocomposites was assessed towards a recombinant bioluminescent Escherichia coli and only the non-crosslinked nanocomposite (BC/PAEM) proved to have antibacterial activity.
25843878	2	41	theme	thermal	449:455	arg1	stability					457:465	thermal stability	449:465	thermal stability	449:465	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
25843878	2	42	theme	mechanical	468:477	arg1	properties					479:488	mechanical properties	468:488	mechanical properties	468:488	The obtained nanocomposites were characterized in terms of their structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity.
28784532	0	0	theme	different	78:86	arg1	elicitors					88:96	three different elicitors	72:96	three different elicitors	72:96	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	5	1	theme	amino	683:687	arg1	content					694:700	total amino acid content	677:700	total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively)	677:748	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	7	2	theme	resistance	942:951	arg1	induction					953:961	the resistance induction	938:961	the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments	938:991	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	7	3	theme	grape	1068:1072	arg1	concentration					1085:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	8	4	theme	acid	1246:1249	arg1	concentration					1251:1263	grape amino acid concentration	1234:1263	grape amino acid concentration	1234:1263	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	5	5	theme	acid	689:692	arg1	content					694:700	total amino acid content	677:700	total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively)	677:748	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	7	6	theme	amino	1074:1078	arg1	concentration					1085:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	5	7	theme	several	646:652	arg1	acids					660:664	several amino acids	646:664	several amino acids	646:664	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	0	8	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	concentration					28:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	6	9	dep	12.13mg/L	873:881	arg1	8.95					865:868	8.95	865:868	8.95	865:868	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	4	10	theme	amino	517:521	arg1	concentration					528:540	amino acid concentration	517:540	amino acid concentration	517:540	The must amino acid concentration was analyzed by HPLC.
28784532	0	11	theme	elicitors	88:96	arg1	application					57:67	foliar application	50:67	foliar application of three different elicitors	50:96	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	6	12	theme	slight	780:785	arg1	effect					787:792	a slight effect	778:792	a slight effect	778:792	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	5	13	theme	CHT	588:590	arg1	treatments					599:608	CHT and YE treatments	588:608	CHT and YE treatments	588:608	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	5	14	dep	the	620:622	arg1	must					624:627	must	624:627	must	624:627	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	3	15	theme	research	328:335	arg1	aim					316:318	the aim	312:318	the aim of this research	312:335	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	3	16	from	influence	354:362	arg1	composition					452:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	3	17	theme	acid	447:450	arg1	composition					452:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	5	18	dep	2364	708:711	arg1	1961					716:719	1961	716:719	1961	716:719	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	5	18	dep	2364	708:711	arg1	to					713:714	to	713:714	to	713:714	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	7	19	theme	physiological	1004:1016	arg1	costs					1018:1022	physiological costs	1004:1022	physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration	1004:1097	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	5	20	theme	acids	660:664	arg1	concentration					629:641	concentration	629:641	concentration of several amino acids	629:664	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	6	21	theme	Phe	888:890	arg1	concentration					838:850	the concentration	834:850	the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L)	834:914	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	8	22	dep	CHT	1188:1190	arg1	treatments					1199:1208	treatments	1199:1208	treatments	1199:1208	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	3	23	theme	methyl	367:372	arg1	MeJ					385:387	MeJ	385:387	MeJ	385:387	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	3	23	theme	methyl	367:372	arg1	jasmonate					374:382	methyl jasmonate	367:382	methyl jasmonate (MeJ)	367:388	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	6	24	theme	Met	855:857	arg1	concentration					838:850	the concentration	834:850	the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L)	834:914	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	6	25	dep	9.29mg/L	906:913	arg1	7.96					898:901	7.96	898:901	7.96	898:901	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	3	26	theme	chitosan	391:398	arg1	influence					354:362	the influence	350:362	the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition	350:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	0	27	theme	amino	17:21	arg1	concentration					28:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	3	28	theme	foliar	473:478	arg1	applications					480:491	foliar applications	473:491	foliar applications to grapevines	473:505	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	2	29	from	effect	249:254	arg1	acid					271:274	grape amino acid	259:274	grape amino acid	259:274	Their effect on grape amino acid has been little investigated.
28784532	1	30	theme	chemical	186:193	arg1	pesticides					195:204	chemical pesticides	186:204	chemical pesticides	186:204	Elicitors play an important role in the defense against pathogens as an alternative to chemical pesticides by increasing secondary metabolites.
28784532	0	31	theme	grape	11:15	arg1	concentration					28:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	5	32	from	1818mg/L	726:733	arg1	content					694:700	total amino acid content	677:700	total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively)	677:748	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	6	33	theme	MeJ	760:762	arg1	treatment					764:772	MeJ treatment	760:772	MeJ treatment	760:772	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	6	34	theme	grape	797:801	arg1	content					814:820	grape amino acid content	797:820	grape amino acid content	797:820	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	6	35	contain	had	774:776	arg1	treatment					764:772	MeJ treatment	760:772	MeJ treatment	760:772	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	6	35	contain	had	774:776	arg2	effect					787:792	a slight effect	778:792	a slight effect	778:792	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	7	36	theme	acid	1080:1083	arg1	concentration					1085:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	8	37	theme	MeJ	1114:1116	arg1	applications					1118:1129	MeJ applications	1114:1129	MeJ applications	1114:1129	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	8	37	theme	MeJ	1114:1116	arg1	tool					1178:1181	a better tool	1169:1181	a better tool than CHT and YE treatments	1169:1208	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	0	38	theme	acid	23:26	arg1	concentration					28:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	grape amino acid concentration	11:40	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	4	39	dep	The	508:510	arg1	must					512:515	must	512:515	must	512:515	The must amino acid concentration was analyzed by HPLC.
28784532	0	40	theme	foliar	50:55	arg1	application					57:67	foliar application	50:67	foliar application of three different elicitors	50:96	Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors.
28784532	5	41	theme	total	677:681	arg1	content					694:700	total amino acid content	677:700	total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively)	677:748	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	8	42	theme	viticultural	1137:1148	arg1	practice					1150:1157	a viticultural practice	1135:1157	a viticultural practice	1135:1157	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	5	43	theme	YE	596:597	arg1	treatments					599:608	CHT and YE treatments	588:608	CHT and YE treatments	588:608	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	7	44	dep	CHT	971:973	arg1	treatments					982:991	treatments	982:991	treatments	982:991	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	5	45	from	2364	708:711	arg1	content					694:700	total amino acid content	677:700	total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively)	677:748	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28784532	1	46	theme	important	117:125	arg1	role					127:130	an important role	114:130	an important role	114:130	Elicitors play an important role in the defense against pathogens as an alternative to chemical pesticides by increasing secondary metabolites.
28784532	6	47	theme	acid	809:812	arg1	content					814:820	grape amino acid content	797:820	grape amino acid content	797:820	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	2	48	theme	amino	265:269	arg1	acid					271:274	grape amino acid	259:274	grape amino acid	259:274	Their effect on grape amino acid has been little investigated.
28784532	3	49	theme	yeast	413:417	arg1	YE					428:429	YE	428:429	YE	428:429	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	3	49	theme	yeast	413:417	arg1	extract					419:425	a yeast extract	411:425	a yeast extract (YE)	411:430	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	1	50	theme	secondary	220:228	arg1	metabolites					230:240	secondary metabolites	220:240	secondary metabolites	220:240	Elicitors play an important role in the defense against pathogens as an alternative to chemical pesticides by increasing secondary metabolites.
28784532	8	51	theme	better	1171:1176	arg1	applications					1118:1129	MeJ applications	1114:1129	MeJ applications	1114:1129	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	8	51	theme	better	1171:1176	arg1	tool					1178:1181	a better tool	1169:1181	a better tool than CHT and YE treatments	1169:1208	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	7	52	from	decrease	1056:1063	arg1	concentration					1085:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	grape amino acid concentration	1068:1097	It seems to be that, the resistance induction through CHT and YE treatments results in physiological costs to grapevines associated with a decrease on grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	2	53	theme	grape	259:263	arg1	acid					271:274	grape amino acid	259:274	grape amino acid	259:274	Their effect on grape amino acid has been little investigated.
28784532	3	54	theme	extract	419:425	arg1	influence					354:362	the influence	350:362	the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition	350:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	4	55	theme	acid	523:526	arg1	concentration					528:540	amino acid concentration	517:540	amino acid concentration	517:540	The must amino acid concentration was analyzed by HPLC.
28784532	8	56	theme	amino	1240:1244	arg1	acid					1246:1249	grape amino acid	1234:1249	grape amino acid concentration	1234:1263	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	3	57	theme	grape	435:439	arg1	composition					452:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	3	58	theme	jasmonate	374:382	arg1	influence					354:362	the influence	350:362	the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition	350:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	6	59	theme	amino	803:807	arg1	content					814:820	grape amino acid content	797:820	grape amino acid content	797:820	However, MeJ treatment had a slight effect on grape amino acid content, increasing the concentration of Met (from 8.95 to 12.13mg/L) and Phe (from 7.96 to 9.29mg/L).
28784532	8	60	theme	grape	1234:1238	arg1	acid					1246:1249	grape amino acid	1234:1249	grape amino acid concentration	1234:1263	Consequently, MeJ applications, as a viticultural practice, could be a better tool than CHT and YE treatments, because did not affect grape amino acid concentration.
28784532	3	61	theme	amino	441:445	arg1	composition					452:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	grape amino acid composition	435:462	Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJ), chitosan (CHT), and a yeast extract (YE) on grape amino acid composition, through foliar applications to grapevines.
28784532	5	62	theme	amino	654:658	arg1	acids					660:664	several amino acids	646:664	several amino acids	646:664	The results showed that CHT and YE treatments decreased the must concentration of several amino acids, affecting total amino acid content (from 2364 to 1961, and 1818mg/L, respectively).
28742341	4	0	theme	chains	1368:1373	arg1	length					1350:1355	the length	1346:1355	the length of the PEG chains	1346:1373	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	0	theme	chains	1368:1373	arg1	nature					1308:1313	the nature	1304:1313	the nature of the end functionalities	1304:1340	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	2	1	theme	end	586:588	arg1	thiol					590:594	end thiol	586:594	end thiol	586:594	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	2	theme	units	1091:1095	arg1	composition					1059:1069	the chemical composition	1046:1069	the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units	1046:1095	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	3	theme	properties	1155:1164	arg1	characteristics					1113:1127	the physical characteristics	1100:1127	the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1100:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	4	theme	imidazolide	700:710	arg1	intermediate					712:723	imidazolide intermediate	700:723	imidazolide intermediate	700:723	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	5	5	theme	in	1433:1434	arg1	assessment					1441:1450	preliminary in vivo assessment	1421:1450	preliminary in vivo assessment	1421:1450	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	4	6	from	properties	1155:1164	arg1	environment					1265:1275	physiological environment	1251:1275	physiological environment	1251:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	7	theme	carboxylate	926:936	arg1	groups					938:943	the alginate carboxylate groups	913:943	the alginate carboxylate groups	913:943	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	8	theme	fast	737:740	arg1	conjugation					742:752	fast conjugation	737:752	fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage	737:806	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	1	9	theme	transplantation	380:394	arg1	potential					362:370	the therapeutic potential	346:370	the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation	346:394	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	1	10	theme	hydrogel	125:132	arg1	microspheres					134:145	hydrogel microspheres	125:145	hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization	125:174	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	1	10	theme	hydrogel	125:132	arg1	MS					148:149	MS	148:149	MS	148:149	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	1	11	theme	alginate	217:224	arg1	gels					226:229	alginate gels	217:229	alginate gels	217:229	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	4	12	theme	ionic	887:891	arg1	ability					902:908	fast ionic gelation ability	882:908	fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups	882:943	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	13	dep	MS	1173:1174	arg1	resistance					1177:1186	resistance	1177:1186	resistance	1177:1186	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	13	dep	MS	1173:1174	arg1	recovery					1198:1205	shape recovery	1192:1205	shape recovery	1192:1205	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	14	theme	carbamate	790:798	arg1	linkage					800:806	a covalent carbamate linkage	779:806	a covalent carbamate linkage	779:806	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	0	15	theme	Hybrid	61:66	arg1	Hydrogels					68:76	Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels	46:76	Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation	46:104	Synthesis Strategies to Extend the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation.
28742341	1	16	theme	cell	156:159	arg1	immobilization					161:174	cell immobilization	156:174	cell immobilization	156:174	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	5	17	dep	in	1433:1434	arg1	vivo					1436:1439	vivo	1436:1439	vivo	1436:1439	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	2	18	theme	ethylene	530:537	arg1	poly					525:528	heterotelechelic poly	508:528	heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties	508:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	2	18	theme	ethylene	530:537	arg1	glycol					539:544	ethylene glycol	530:544	ethylene glycol	530:544	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	19	theme	physiological	1251:1263	arg1	environment					1265:1275	physiological environment	1251:1275	physiological environment	1251:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	20	theme	therapeutic	350:360	arg1	potential					362:370	the therapeutic potential	346:370	the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation	346:394	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	2	21	theme	poly	525:528	arg1	derivatives					553:563	heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives	508:563	heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties	508:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	5	22	theme	hydrogels	1485:1493	arg1	potential					1466:1474	the potential	1462:1474	the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications	1462:1531	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	2	23	theme	novel	399:403	arg1	type					405:408	A novel type	397:408	A novel type of hydrogel MS	397:423	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	24	theme	chemical	1050:1057	arg1	composition					1059:1069	the chemical composition	1046:1069	the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units	1046:1095	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	5	25	theme	cell	1499:1502	arg1	applications					1520:1531	cell transplantation applications	1499:1531	cell transplantation applications	1499:1531	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	3	26	from	Activation	624:633	arg1	form					692:695	the form	688:695	the form of imidazolide intermediate	688:723	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	0	27	theme	Synthesis	0:8	arg1	Strategies					10:19	Synthesis Strategies	0:19	Synthesis Strategies	0:19	Synthesis Strategies to Extend the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation.
28742341	1	28	theme	in	279:280	arg1	durability					287:296	in vivo durability	279:296	in vivo durability	279:296	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	4	29	from	alginates	1238:1246	arg1	environment					1265:1275	physiological environment	1251:1275	physiological environment	1251:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	30	theme	alginates	1238:1246	arg1	properties					1155:1164	The mechanical properties	1140:1164	the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1132:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	2	31	theme	MS	422:423	arg1	type					405:408	A novel type	397:408	A novel type of hydrogel MS	397:423	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	1	32	theme	durability	287:296	arg1	terms					270:274	terms	270:274	terms of in vivo durability and physical properties	270:320	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	2	33	theme	alginate	485:492	arg1	functionalization					457:473	straightforward functionalization	441:473	straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties	441:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	3	34	theme	moieties	651:658	arg1	Activation					624:633	Activation	624:633	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate	624:723	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	1	35	theme	physical	302:309	arg1	properties					311:320	physical properties	302:320	physical properties	302:320	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	4	36	theme	alginates	836:844	arg1	Evaluation					809:818	Evaluation	809:818	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS	809:870	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	37	theme	physical	1104:1111	arg1	characteristics					1113:1127	the physical characteristics	1100:1127	the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1100:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	38	theme	backbone	676:683	arg1	Activation					624:633	Activation	624:633	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate	624:723	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	5	39	theme	preliminary	1421:1431	arg1	assessment					1441:1450	preliminary in vivo assessment	1421:1450	preliminary in vivo assessment	1421:1450	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	1	40	theme	gels	226:229	arg1	properties					203:212	the favorable properties	189:212	the favorable properties of alginate gels	189:229	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	5	41	theme	In	1376:1377	arg1	studies					1409:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies	1376:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies	1376:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	4	42	theme	PEG-grafting	1078:1089	arg1	units					1091:1095	the PEG-grafting units	1074:1095	the PEG-grafting units	1074:1095	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	43	from	influence	1033:1041	arg1	characteristics					1113:1127	the physical characteristics	1100:1127	the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1100:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	5	44	theme	cell	1385:1388	arg1	studies					1409:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies	1376:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies	1376:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	4	45	theme	MS	869:870	arg1	preparation					854:864	the preparation	850:864	the preparation of MS	850:870	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	46	theme	PEG	1364:1366	arg1	chains					1368:1373	the PEG chains	1360:1373	the PEG chains	1360:1373	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	47	theme	fast	882:885	arg1	ability					902:908	fast ionic gelation ability	882:908	fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups	882:943	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	48	theme	functionalities	1326:1340	arg1	length					1350:1355	the length	1346:1355	the length of the PEG chains	1346:1373	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	48	theme	functionalities	1326:1340	arg1	nature					1308:1313	the nature	1304:1313	the nature of the end functionalities	1304:1340	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	49	theme	MS	1173:1174	arg1	properties					1155:1164	The mechanical properties	1140:1164	the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1132:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	50	theme	intermediate	712:723	arg1	form					692:695	the form	688:695	the form of imidazolide intermediate	688:723	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	2	51	theme	1,2-dithiolane	599:612	arg1	moieties					614:621	1,2-dithiolane moieties	599:621	1,2-dithiolane moieties	599:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	52	theme	MS.	1136:1138	arg1	properties					1155:1164	The mechanical properties	1140:1164	the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1132:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	53	theme	PEG	757:759	arg1	oligomers					761:769	PEG oligomers	757:769	PEG oligomers	757:769	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	1	54	theme	favorable	193:201	arg1	properties					203:212	the favorable properties	189:212	the favorable properties of alginate gels	189:229	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	4	55	theme	alginate	917:924	arg1	groups					938:943	the alginate carboxylate groups	913:943	the alginate carboxylate groups	913:943	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	56	theme	mechanical	1144:1153	arg1	properties					1155:1164	The mechanical properties	1140:1164	the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1132:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	57	from	performance	255:265	arg1	terms					270:274	terms	270:274	terms of in vivo durability and physical properties	270:320	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	4	58	theme	groups	938:943	arg1	ability					902:908	fast ionic gelation ability	882:908	fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups	882:943	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	59	theme	covalent	954:961	arg1	cross-linking					963:975	slow covalent cross-linking	949:975	slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	949:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	60	theme	gelation	893:900	arg1	ability					902:908	fast ionic gelation ability	882:908	fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups	882:943	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	61	theme	durability	1212:1221	arg1	properties					1155:1164	The mechanical properties	1140:1164	the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1132:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	62	theme	microspheres	134:145	arg1	desirable					326:334	desirable	326:334	desirable	326:334	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	1	62	theme	microspheres	134:145	arg1	production					111:120	The production	107:120	The production	107:120	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	0	63	theme	Hydrogels	68:76	arg1	Variety					35:41	the Variety	31:41	the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation	31:104	Synthesis Strategies to Extend the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation.
28742341	0	63	theme	Hydrogels	68:76	arg1	Hydrogels					68:76	Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels	46:76	Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation	46:104	Synthesis Strategies to Extend the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation.
28742341	2	64	with	functionalization	457:473	arg1	derivatives					553:563	heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives	508:563	heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties	508:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	65	theme	shape	1192:1196	arg1	recovery					1198:1205	shape recovery	1192:1205	shape recovery	1192:1205	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	66	dep	production	111:120	arg1	presenting					235:244	presenting	235:244	presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties	235:320	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	1	66	dep	production	111:120	arg1	maintaining					177:187	maintaining	177:187	maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels	177:229	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	0	67	theme	Cell	82:85	arg1	Microencapsulation					87:104	Cell Microencapsulation	82:104	Cell Microencapsulation	82:104	Synthesis Strategies to Extend the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation.
28742341	4	68	theme	PEG-end	993:999	arg1	functionalities					1001:1015	the PEG-end functionalities	989:1015	the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	989:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	69	dep	in	279:280	arg1	vivo					282:285	vivo	282:285	vivo	282:285	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	4	70	theme	slow	949:952	arg1	cross-linking					963:975	slow covalent cross-linking	949:975	slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	949:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	4	71	from	environment	1265:1275	arg1	properties					1155:1164	The mechanical properties	1140:1164	the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1132:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	2	72	theme	heterotelechelic	508:523	arg1	poly					525:528	heterotelechelic poly	508:528	heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties	508:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	2	72	theme	heterotelechelic	508:523	arg1	glycol					539:544	ethylene glycol	530:544	ethylene glycol	530:544	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	2	72	theme	heterotelechelic	508:523	arg1	PEG					548:550	PEG	548:550	PEG	548:550	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	73	theme	PEG-grafted	1226:1236	arg1	alginates					1238:1246	PEG-grafted alginates	1226:1246	PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1226:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	74	theme	cell	375:378	arg1	transplantation					380:394	cell transplantation	375:394	cell transplantation	375:394	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	5	75	theme	transplantation	1504:1518	arg1	applications					1520:1531	cell transplantation applications	1499:1531	cell transplantation applications	1499:1531	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	4	76	theme	composition	1059:1069	arg1	influence					1033:1041	the influence	1029:1041	the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment	1029:1275	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	3	77	theme	hydroxyl	642:649	arg1	moieties					651:658	the hydroxyl moieties	638:658	the hydroxyl moieties	638:658	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	2	78	theme	hydrogel	413:420	arg1	MS					422:423	hydrogel MS	413:423	hydrogel MS	413:423	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	5	79	dep	In	1376:1377	arg1	vitro					1379:1383	vitro	1379:1383	vitro	1379:1383	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	2	80	theme	sodium	478:483	arg1	Na-alg					495:500	Na-alg	495:500	Na-alg	495:500	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	2	80	theme	sodium	478:483	arg1	alginate					485:492	sodium alginate	478:492	sodium alginate (Na-alg)	478:501	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	4	81	theme	end	1322:1324	arg1	functionalities					1326:1340	the end functionalities	1318:1340	the end functionalities	1318:1340	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	5	82	theme	microencapsulation	1390:1407	arg1	studies					1409:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies	1376:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies	1376:1415	In vitro cell microencapsulation studies and preliminary in vivo assessment suggested the potential of these hydrogels for cell transplantation applications.
28742341	0	83	theme	Alginate-Based	46:59	arg1	Hydrogels					68:76	Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels	46:76	Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation	46:104	Synthesis Strategies to Extend the Variety of Alginate-Based Hybrid Hydrogels for Cell Microencapsulation.
28742341	1	84	theme	properties	311:320	arg1	terms					270:274	terms	270:274	terms of in vivo durability and physical properties	270:320	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	3	85	theme	alginate	667:674	arg1	backbone					676:683	the alginate backbone	663:683	the alginate backbone	663:683	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
28742341	4	86	theme	modified	827:834	arg1	alginates					836:844	the modified alginates	823:844	the modified alginates for the preparation of MS	823:870	Evaluation of the modified alginates for the preparation of MS combining fast ionic gelation ability of the alginate carboxylate groups and slow covalent cross-linking provided by the PEG-end functionalities highlighted the influence of the chemical composition of the PEG-grafting units on the physical characteristics of the MS. The mechanical properties of the MS (resistance and shape recovery) and durability of PEG-grafted alginates in physiological environment can be adjusted by varying the nature of the end functionalities and the length of the PEG chains.
28742341	1	87	theme	enhanced	246:253	arg1	performance					255:265	enhanced performance	246:265	enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties	246:320	The production of hydrogel microspheres (MS) for cell immobilization, maintaining the favorable properties of alginate gels but presenting enhanced performance in terms of in vivo durability and physical properties, is desirable to extend the therapeutic potential of cell transplantation.
28742341	2	88	theme	straightforward	441:455	arg1	functionalization					457:473	straightforward functionalization	441:473	straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties	441:621	A novel type of hydrogel MS was produced by straightforward functionalization of sodium alginate (Na-alg) with heterotelechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives equipped with either end thiol or 1,2-dithiolane moieties.
28742341	3	89	theme	covalent	781:788	arg1	linkage					800:806	a covalent carbamate linkage	779:806	a covalent carbamate linkage	779:806	Activation of the hydroxyl moieties of the alginate backbone in the form of imidazolide intermediate allowed for fast conjugation to PEG oligomers through a covalent carbamate linkage.
27979125	4	0	theme	cellulose	664:672	arg1	fibers					674:679	oat cellulose fibers	660:679	oat cellulose fibers	660:679	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	6	1	theme	maximum	867:873	arg1	stress					875:880	maximum stress	867:880	maximum stress	867:880	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	4	2	theme	network	547:553	arg1	structure					555:563	a network structure	545:563	a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores	545:628	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	2	3	used	used	331:334	arg2	fibers					295:300	The cellulose fibers	281:300	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks	281:324	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	4	4	theme	oat	660:662	arg1	fibers					674:679	oat cellulose fibers	660:679	oat cellulose fibers	660:679	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	2	5	from	rice	307:310	arg1	fibers					295:300	The cellulose fibers	281:300	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks	281:324	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	2	6	theme	cellulose	285:293	arg1	fibers					295:300	The cellulose fibers	281:300	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks	281:324	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	0	7	from	husks	45:49	arg1	hydrogel					76:83	hydrogel	76:83	hydrogel	76:83	Cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks and their application in hydrogel.
27979125	7	8	theme	hydrogels	1082:1090	arg1	preparation					1067:1077	the preparation	1063:1077	the preparation of hydrogels	1063:1090	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	2	9	theme	vinyl	368:372	arg1	poly					362:365	poly	362:365	poly (vinyl alcohol)	362:381	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	2	9	theme	vinyl	368:372	arg1	alcohol					374:380	vinyl alcohol	368:380	vinyl alcohol	368:380	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	5	10	theme	water	765:769	arg1	capacity					782:789	water absorption capacity	765:789	water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity	765:822	The hydrogels prepared from the cellulose extracted from rice and oat husks showed water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity.
27979125	4	11	from	fibers	534:539	arg1	hydrogel					505:512	The hydrogel	501:512	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers	501:539	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	3	12	theme	structural	415:424	arg1	properties					454:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	The fibers presented different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties, depending on the cellulose source.
27979125	5	13	theme	absorption	771:780	arg1	capacity					782:789	water absorption capacity	765:789	water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity	765:822	The hydrogels prepared from the cellulose extracted from rice and oat husks showed water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity.
27979125	6	14	theme	absorption	843:852	arg1	capacity					854:861	The highest water absorption capacity	825:861	The highest water absorption capacity	825:861	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	4	15	theme	cellulose	524:532	arg1	fibers					534:539	rice cellulose fibers	519:539	rice cellulose fibers	519:539	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	4	16	theme	homogeneous	612:622	arg1	pores					624:628	more homogeneous pores	607:628	more homogeneous pores	607:628	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	0	17	theme	Cellulose	0:8	arg1	fibers					10:15	Cellulose fibers	0:15	Cellulose fibers	0:15	Cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks and their application in hydrogel.
27979125	1	18	theme	thermal	261:267	arg1	properties					269:278	thermal properties	261:278	thermal properties	261:278	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27979125	1	19	dep	rice	154:157	arg1	husks					167:171	husks	167:171	husks	167:171	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27979125	6	20	theme	highest	829:835	arg1	capacity					854:861	The highest water absorption capacity	825:861	The highest water absorption capacity	825:861	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	5	21	theme	high	811:814	arg1	opacity					816:822	high opacity	811:822	high opacity	811:822	The hydrogels prepared from the cellulose extracted from rice and oat husks showed water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity.
27979125	4	22	theme	rice	519:522	arg1	fibers					534:539	rice cellulose fibers	519:539	rice cellulose fibers	519:539	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	5	23	dep	rice	739:742	arg1	husks					752:756	husks	752:756	husks	752:756	The hydrogels prepared from the cellulose extracted from rice and oat husks showed water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity.
27979125	2	24	from	oat	316:318	arg1	fibers					295:300	The cellulose fibers	281:300	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks	281:324	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	5	25	theme	%	805:805	arg1	capacity					782:789	water absorption capacity	765:789	water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity	765:822	The hydrogels prepared from the cellulose extracted from rice and oat husks showed water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity.
27979125	4	26	contain	had	541:543	arg1	hydrogel					505:512	The hydrogel	501:512	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers	501:539	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	4	26	contain	had	541:543	arg2	structure					555:563	a network structure	545:563	a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores	545:628	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	6	27	theme	water	837:841	arg1	capacity					854:861	The highest water absorption capacity	825:861	The highest water absorption capacity	825:861	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	1	28	theme	commercial	90:99	arg1	fibers					111:116	The commercial cellulose fibers	86:116	The commercial cellulose fibers	86:116	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27979125	7	29	from	preparation	1067:1077	arg1	promising					1012:1020	promising	1012:1020	promising	1012:1020	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	7	29	from	preparation	1067:1077	arg1	use					977:979	the use	973:979	the use of agro-industrial residues	973:1007	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	0	30	from	application	61:71	arg1	hydrogel					76:83	hydrogel	76:83	hydrogel	76:83	Cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks and their application in hydrogel.
27979125	4	31	with	sponge	594:599	arg1	pores					624:628	more homogeneous pores	607:628	more homogeneous pores	607:628	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	1	32	theme	chemical	190:197	arg1	composition					199:209	chemical composition	190:209	chemical composition	190:209	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27979125	0	33	theme	rice	32:35	arg1	husks					45:49	rice and oat husks	32:49	rice and oat husks	32:49	Cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks and their application in hydrogel.
27979125	6	34	theme	cellulose	921:929	arg1	hydrogel					931:938	rice cellulose hydrogel	916:938	rice cellulose hydrogel	916:938	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	7	35	theme	biomaterial	1030:1040	arg1	field					1042:1046	the biomaterial field	1026:1046	the biomaterial field	1026:1046	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	3	36	theme	crystallinity	427:439	arg1	properties					454:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	The fibers presented different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties, depending on the cellulose source.
27979125	6	37	theme	rice	916:919	arg1	hydrogel					931:938	rice cellulose hydrogel	916:938	rice cellulose hydrogel	916:938	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	3	38	theme	different	405:413	arg1	properties					454:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	The fibers presented different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties, depending on the cellulose source.
27979125	7	39	theme	agro-industrial	984:998	arg1	residues					1000:1007	agro-industrial residues	984:1007	agro-industrial residues	984:1007	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	1	40	theme	cellulose	101:109	arg1	fibers					111:116	The commercial cellulose fibers	86:116	The commercial cellulose fibers	86:116	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27979125	0	41	theme	oat	41:43	arg1	husks					45:49	rice and oat husks	32:49	rice and oat husks	32:49	Cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks and their application in hydrogel.
27979125	7	42	theme	residues	1000:1007	arg1	promising					1012:1020	promising	1012:1020	promising	1012:1020	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	7	42	theme	residues	1000:1007	arg1	use					977:979	the use	973:979	the use of agro-industrial residues	973:1007	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	2	43	dep	rice	307:310	arg1	husks					320:324	husks	320:324	husks	320:324	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	4	44	theme	similar	572:578	arg1	sponge					594:599	a similar agglomeration sponge	570:599	a similar agglomeration sponge	570:599	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	2	45	with	hydrogels	347:355	arg1	poly					362:365	poly	362:365	poly (vinyl alcohol)	362:381	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	2	45	with	hydrogels	347:355	arg1	alcohol					374:380	vinyl alcohol	368:380	vinyl alcohol	368:380	The cellulose fibers from rice and oat husks were used to produce hydrogels with poly (vinyl alcohol).
27979125	4	46	with	structure	555:563	arg1	sponge					594:599	a similar agglomeration sponge	570:599	a similar agglomeration sponge	570:599	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	1	47	theme	cellulose	122:130	arg1	fibers					132:137	cellulose fibers	122:137	cellulose fibers	122:137	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27979125	3	48	theme	thermal	446:452	arg1	properties					454:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties	405:463	The fibers presented different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties, depending on the cellulose source.
27979125	5	49	theme	opacity	816:822	arg1	capacity					782:789	water absorption capacity	765:789	water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity	765:822	The hydrogels prepared from the cellulose extracted from rice and oat husks showed water absorption capacity of 141.6-392.1% and high opacity.
27979125	3	50	theme	cellulose	483:491	arg1	source					493:498	the cellulose source	479:498	the cellulose source	479:498	The fibers presented different structural, crystallinity, and thermal properties, depending on the cellulose source.
27979125	4	51	from	fibers	674:679	arg1	hydrogel					646:653	the hydrogel	642:653	the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers	642:679	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	7	52	from	promising	1012:1020	arg1	preparation					1067:1077	the preparation	1063:1077	the preparation of hydrogels	1063:1090	These results show that the use of agro-industrial residues is promising for the biomaterial field, especially in the preparation of hydrogels.
27979125	4	53	theme	agglomeration	580:592	arg1	sponge					594:599	a similar agglomeration sponge	570:599	a similar agglomeration sponge	570:599	The hydrogel from rice cellulose fibers had a network structure with a similar agglomeration sponge, with more homogeneous pores compared to the hydrogel from oat cellulose fibers.
27979125	6	54	dep	capacity	854:861	arg1	compression					886:896	the compression	882:896	the compression	882:896	The highest water absorption capacity and maximum stress the compression were presented by rice cellulose hydrogel at 25°C.
27979125	1	55	theme	functional	224:233	arg1	groups					235:240	functional groups	224:240	functional groups	224:240	The commercial cellulose fibers and cellulose fibers extracted from rice and oat husks were analyzed by chemical composition, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and thermal properties.
27229867	4	0	theme	reaction	665:672	arg1	time					674:677	the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time	647:677	the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time	647:677	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
27229867	6	1	theme	diffusion	1012:1020	arg1	method					1022:1027	the disc diffusion method	1003:1027	the disc diffusion method	1003:1027	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers was then evaluated via the disc diffusion method.
27229867	5	2	theme	electrospray	849:860	arg1	device					862:867	an electrospray device	846:867	an electrospray device to fabricate transparent films and composite fibers	846:919	The nanobunches were directly coated onto the substrate using an electrospray device to fabricate transparent films and composite fibers.
27229867	6	3	theme	fibers	973:978	arg1	activity					940:947	The antimicrobial activity	922:947	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers	922:978	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers was then evaluated via the disc diffusion method.
27229867	2	4	theme	subsequent	372:381	arg1	incorporation					383:395	the subsequent incorporation	368:395	the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu	368:420	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	6	5	theme	carbon	966:971	arg1	fibers					973:978	the composite carbon fibers	952:978	the composite carbon fibers	952:978	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers was then evaluated via the disc diffusion method.
27229867	3	6	used	used	457:460	arg2	electrospraying					437:451	electrospraying	437:451	electrospraying	437:451	Subsequently, electrospraying was used to form of chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings.
27229867	2	7	theme	efficient	318:326	arg1	hydrosolization					328:342	efficient hydrosolization	318:342	efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles	318:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	6	8	theme	composite	956:964	arg1	fibers					973:978	the composite carbon fibers	952:978	the composite carbon fibers	952:978	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers was then evaluated via the disc diffusion method.
27229867	1	9	theme	gas-liquid	150:159	arg1	route					167:171	continuous gas-liquid green route	139:171	continuous gas-liquid green route	139:171	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	3	10	theme	nanobunch	495:503	arg1	coatings					505:512	chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	473:512	chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	473:512	Subsequently, electrospraying was used to form of chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings.
27229867	1	11	theme	different	82:90	arg1	amounts					92:98	different amounts	82:98	different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag	82:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	1	11	theme	different	82:90	arg1	Ag					119:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	5	12	theme	transparent	882:892	arg1	films					894:898	transparent films	882:898	transparent films	882:898	The nanobunches were directly coated onto the substrate using an electrospray device to fabricate transparent films and composite fibers.
27229867	4	13	theme	Ag	659:660	arg1	time					674:677	the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time	647:677	the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time	647:677	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
27229867	4	14	theme	nanobunch	602:610	arg1	concentration					612:624	a nanobunch concentration	600:624	a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1)	600:640	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
27229867	2	15	from	incorporation	383:395	arg1	Cu					419:420	Cu	419:420	Cu	419:420	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	16	theme	-chitosan	290:298	arg1	cell					309:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell	271:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles	271:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	4	17	theme	2.0 min	651:657	arg1	time					674:677	the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time	647:677	the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time	647:677	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
27229867	0	18	theme	green	6:10	arg1	assembly					12:19	Rapid green assembly	0:19	Rapid green assembly of antimicrobial	0:36	Rapid green assembly of antimicrobial nanobunches.
27229867	2	19	theme	chitosan	407:414	arg1	cell					309:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell	271:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles	271:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	19	theme	chitosan	407:414	arg1	incorporation					383:395	the subsequent incorporation	368:395	the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu	368:420	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	0	20	theme	Rapid	0:4	arg1	assembly					12:19	Rapid green assembly	0:19	Rapid green assembly of antimicrobial	0:36	Rapid green assembly of antimicrobial nanobunches.
27229867	1	21	theme	chitosan-capped	103:117	arg1	Ag					119:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	1	22	theme	Ag	119:120	arg1	amounts					92:98	different amounts	82:98	different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag	82:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	1	22	theme	Ag	119:120	arg1	Ag					119:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	3	23	theme	Cu-Ag	489:493	arg1	coatings					505:512	chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	473:512	chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	473:512	Subsequently, electrospraying was used to form of chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings.
27229867	5	24	theme	composite	904:912	arg1	fibers					914:919	composite fibers	904:919	composite fibers	904:919	The nanobunches were directly coated onto the substrate using an electrospray device to fabricate transparent films and composite fibers.
27229867	6	25	theme	antimicrobial	926:938	arg1	activity					940:947	The antimicrobial activity	922:947	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers	922:978	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers was then evaluated via the disc diffusion method.
27229867	2	26	theme	reaction	300:307	arg1	cell					309:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell	271:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles	271:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	27	theme	aerosol	218:224	arg1	nanoparticles					229:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles	203:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles	203:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	1	28	theme	ultrasound	179:188	arg1	irradiation					190:200	ultrasound irradiation	179:200	ultrasound irradiation	179:200	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	1	29	theme	green	161:165	arg1	route					167:171	continuous gas-liquid green route	139:171	continuous gas-liquid green route	139:171	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	2	30	theme	Spark-produced	203:216	arg1	nanoparticles					229:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles	203:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles	203:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	6	31	theme	disc	1007:1010	arg1	method					1022:1027	the disc diffusion method	1003:1027	the disc diffusion method	1003:1027	The antimicrobial activity of the composite carbon fibers was then evaluated via the disc diffusion method.
27229867	0	32	theme	antimicrobial	24:36	arg1	assembly					12:19	Rapid green assembly	0:19	Rapid green assembly of antimicrobial	0:36	Rapid green assembly of antimicrobial nanobunches.
27229867	3	33	theme	chitosan-capped	473:487	arg1	coatings					505:512	chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	473:512	chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	473:512	Subsequently, electrospraying was used to form of chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings.
27229867	1	34	with	nanobunches	65:75	arg1	amounts					92:98	different amounts	82:98	different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag	82:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	1	34	with	nanobunches	65:75	arg1	Ag					119:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	chitosan-capped Ag	103:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	4	35	theme	bacterial	550:558	arg1	proliferation					560:572	the bacterial proliferation	546:572	the bacterial proliferation to 50%	546:579	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
27229867	3	36	theme	coatings	505:512	arg1	form					465:468	form	465:468	form of chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings	465:512	Subsequently, electrospraying was used to form of chitosan-capped Cu-Ag nanobunch coatings.
27229867	1	37	theme	continuous	139:148	arg1	route					167:171	continuous gas-liquid green route	139:171	continuous gas-liquid green route	139:171	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	4	38	theme	nanobunches	755:765	arg1	concentration					734:746	the concentration	730:746	the concentration of the nanobunches	730:765	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
27229867	2	39	theme	Cu	351:352	arg1	particles					354:362	the Cu particles	347:362	the Cu particles	347:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	40	theme	particles	354:362	arg1	hydrosolization					328:342	efficient hydrosolization	318:342	efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles	318:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	41	theme	Cu	226:227	arg1	nanoparticles					229:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles	203:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles	203:241	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	42	theme	Ag	400:401	arg1	cell					309:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell	271:312	an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles	271:362	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	42	theme	Ag	400:401	arg1	incorporation					383:395	the subsequent incorporation	368:395	the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu	368:420	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	2	43	from	cell	309:312	arg1	Cu					419:420	Cu	419:420	Cu	419:420	Spark-produced aerosol Cu nanoparticles were directly injected into an ultrasound Ag(I)-chitosan reaction cell for efficient hydrosolization of the Cu particles and the subsequent incorporation of Ag and chitosan on Cu.
27229867	1	44	theme	Antimicrobial	51:63	arg1	nanobunches					65:75	Antimicrobial nanobunches	51:75	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag	51:120	Antimicrobial nanobunches with different amounts of chitosan-capped Ag were prepared by continuous gas-liquid green route under ultrasound irradiation.
27229867	4	45	theme	mL	635:636	arg1	concentration					612:624	a nanobunch concentration	600:624	a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1)	600:640	The time required for reducing the bacterial proliferation to 50% dropped to ~1 h at a nanobunch concentration of 10 μg mL(-1) from the 2.0 min Ag(I) reaction time, and was further decreased to ~0.5 h by increasing the concentration of the nanobunches to 90 μg mL(-1).
24026960	5	0	theme	corresponding	1417:1429	arg1	17 mm					1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	5	0	theme	corresponding	1417:1429	arg1	diameters					1448:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters	1413:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm)	1413:1499	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	2	1	theme	50W	617:619	arg1	power					621:625	50W power	617:625	50W power	617:625	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	1	theme	50W	617:619	arg1	oven					611:614	microwave oven	601:614	microwave oven (50W power; 15 min)	601:634	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	1	2	gly	glycopeptides	191:203	arg2	glycopeptides					191:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides	169:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars	169:216	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	5	3	theme	inhibition	1437:1446	arg1	17 mm					1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	5	3	theme	inhibition	1437:1446	arg1	diameters					1448:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters	1413:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm)	1413:1499	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	2	4	dep	power	621:625	arg1	15 min					628:633	15 min	628:633	15 min	628:633	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	5	5	theme	N-glycopeptide	1377:1390	arg1	His-Asn-Lactose					1392:1406	the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose	1373:1406	the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli	1373:1550	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	1	6	theme	O-linked	182:189	arg1	glycopeptides					191:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides	169:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars	169:216	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	7	7	theme	negative	1923:1930	arg1	agent					1932:1936	positive and negative agent	1910:1936	positive and negative agent	1910:1936	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	7	8	theme	positive	1910:1917	arg1	agent					1932:1936	positive and negative agent	1910:1936	positive and negative agent	1910:1936	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	2	9	theme	amino	583:587	arg1	acids					589:593	amino acids	583:593	amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated	583:648	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	3	10	theme	eluted	749:754	arg1	compounds					756:764	The column eluted compounds	738:764	The column eluted compounds	738:764	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	7	11	theme	spectrum	1891:1898	arg1	arsenal					1870:1876	the arsenal	1866:1876	the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent	1866:1936	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	3	12	theme	diffusion	787:795	arg1	assay					797:801	disc diffusion assay	782:801	disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations	782:996	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	3	13	dep	E.	879:880	arg1	coli					882:885	coli	882:885	coli	882:885	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	7	14	theme	new	1881:1883	arg1	spectrum					1891:1898	new broad spectrum	1881:1898	new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent	1881:1936	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	6	15	theme	evidence	1597:1604	arg1	This					1579:1582	This	1579:1582	This	1579:1582	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	6	15	theme	evidence	1597:1604	arg1	report					1612:1617	the first evidence based report	1587:1617	the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains	1587:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	6	16	dep	report	1612:1617	arg1	shown					1672:1676	shown	1672:1676	has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains	1668:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	4	17	theme	other	1123:1127	arg1	Compounds					1134:1142	3 other Test Compounds	1121:1142	3 other Test Compounds	1121:1142	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	17	theme	other	1123:1127	arg1	Arg-Thr-Starch					1188:1201	Arg-Thr-Starch	1188:1201	Arg-Thr-Starch	1188:1201	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	17	theme	other	1123:1127	arg1	Arg-Thr-Lactose					1168:1182	Arg-Thr-Lactose	1168:1182	Arg-Thr-Lactose	1168:1182	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	17	theme	other	1123:1127	arg1	His-Asn-Mannose					1151:1165	His-Asn-Mannose	1151:1165	His-Asn-Mannose	1151:1165	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	0	18	theme	N-linked	69:76	arg1	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	3	19	dep	S.	906:907	arg1	sonnei					909:914	sonnei	909:914	sonnei	909:914	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	1	20	theme	smaller	155:161	arg1	chain					163:167	the smaller chain	151:167	the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds	151:343	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	2	21	gly	N-glycopeptides	437:451	arg2	N-glycopeptides					437:451	N-glycopeptides	437:451	N-glycopeptides	437:451	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	21	gly	N-glycopeptides	437:451	arg2	His-Asn-Lactose					420:434	His-Asn-Lactose	420:434	His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides)	420:452	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	0	22	theme	O-linked	82:89	arg1	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	1	23	theme	N-linked	169:176	arg1	glycopeptides					191:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides	169:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars	169:216	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	2	24	theme	DCC	565:567	arg1	coupling					570:577	dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling	539:577	dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated	539:648	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	0	25	theme	chain	99:103	arg1	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	5	26	dep	S.	1568:1569	arg1	sonnei					1571:1576	S. sonnei	1568:1576	S. sonnei	1568:1576	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	2	27	theme	carbodimide	552:562	arg1	coupling					570:577	dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling	539:577	dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated	539:648	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	3	28	theme	E.	879:880	arg1	strains					916:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	1	29	dep	chain	163:167	arg1	belong					218:223	belong	218:223	belong	218:223	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	0	30	theme	Antimicrobial	0:12	arg1	synthesis					29:37	synthesis	29:37	synthesis	29:37	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	30	theme	Antimicrobial	0:12	arg1	activity					57:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	30	theme	Antimicrobial	0:12	arg1	glycopeptides					14:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides	0:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.	0:118	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	7	31	theme	small	1836:1840	arg1	N-glycopeptide					1848:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	0	32	gly	glycopeptides	105:117	arg2	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	3	33	theme	S.	906:907	arg1	strains					916:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	4	34	theme	glycopeptide	1015:1026	arg1	One					999:1001	One	999:1001	One	999:1001	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	34	theme	glycopeptide	1015:1026	arg1	His-Asn-Lactose					1029:1043	His-Asn-Lactose	1029:1043	His-Asn-Lactose	1029:1043	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	34	theme	glycopeptide	1015:1026	arg1	glycopeptide					1015:1026	the test glycopeptide	1006:1026	the test glycopeptide	1006:1026	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	5	35	located	observed	1316:1323	arg1	concentration					1330:1342	a concentration	1328:1342	a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei	1328:1576	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	5	35	located	observed	1316:1323	arg2	activity					1303:1310	Maximum activity	1295:1310	Maximum activity	1295:1310	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	2	36	theme	sugar	678:682	arg1	moieties					684:691	respective sugar moieties	667:691	respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min	667:735	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	37	gly	O-glycopeptides	505:519	arg2	O-glycopeptides					505:519	O-glycopeptides	505:519	O-glycopeptides	505:519	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	37	gly	O-glycopeptides	505:519	arg2	Arg-Asn-Mannose					369:383	Arg-Asn-Mannose	369:383	Arg-Asn-Mannose	369:383	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	3	38	theme	different	927:935	arg1	concentrations					937:950	different concentrations	927:950	different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations	927:996	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	2	39	gly	glycopeptides	348:360	arg2	Arg-Asn-Mannose					369:383	Arg-Asn-Mannose	369:383	Arg-Asn-Mannose	369:383	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	39	gly	glycopeptides	348:360	arg2	glycopeptides					348:360	7 glycopeptides	346:360	7 glycopeptides	346:360	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	4	40	theme	negative	1270:1277	arg1	strains					1279:1285	2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains	1243:1285	2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested	1243:1292	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	1	41	theme	antibacterial	321:333	arg1	compounds					335:343	antibacterial compounds	321:343	antibacterial compounds	321:343	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	4	42	gly	glycopeptide	1015:1026	arg2	glycopeptide					1015:1026	the test glycopeptide	1006:1026	the test glycopeptide	1006:1026	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	7	43	theme	in	1761:1762	arg1	testing					1769:1775	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies	1753:1796	testing	1769:1775	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	6	44	theme	antibacterial	1678:1690	arg1	action					1692:1697	antibacterial action	1678:1697	antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains	1678:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	0	45	gly	glycopeptides	14:26	arg2	activity					57:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	45	gly	glycopeptides	14:26	arg2	synthesis					29:37	synthesis	29:37	synthesis	29:37	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	45	gly	glycopeptides	14:26	arg2	glycopeptides					14:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides	0:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.	0:118	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	2	46	dep	acids	589:593	arg1	using					595:599	using	595:599	using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min)	595:634	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	46	dep	acids	589:593	arg1	activated					640:648	activated	640:648	activated	640:648	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	5	47	theme	zonal	1431:1435	arg1	17 mm					1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	5	47	theme	zonal	1431:1435	arg1	diameters					1448:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters	1413:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm)	1413:1499	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	3	48	theme	inhibitory	972:981	arg1	concentrations					983:996	inhibitory concentrations	972:996	inhibitory concentrations	972:996	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	7	49	dep	in	1761:1762	arg1	vivo					1764:1767	vivo	1764:1767	vivo	1764:1767	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	6	50	theme	negative	1735:1742	arg1	strains					1744:1750	both gram positive and gram negative strains	1707:1750	both gram positive and gram negative strains	1707:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	3	51	theme	column	742:747	arg1	compounds					756:764	The column eluted compounds	738:764	The column eluted compounds	738:764	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	4	52	theme	microbial	1092:1100	arg1	strains					1102:1108	all the microbial strains	1084:1108	all the microbial strains tested	1084:1115	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	6	53	theme	based	1606:1610	arg1	This					1579:1582	This	1579:1582	This	1579:1582	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	6	53	theme	based	1606:1610	arg1	report					1612:1617	the first evidence based report	1587:1617	the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains	1587:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	7	54	theme	broad	1885:1889	arg1	spectrum					1891:1898	new broad spectrum	1881:1898	new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent	1881:1936	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	2	55	theme	microwave	601:609	arg1	power					621:625	50W power	617:625	50W power	617:625	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	55	theme	microwave	601:609	arg1	oven					611:614	microwave oven	601:614	microwave oven (50W power; 15 min)	601:634	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	6	56	theme	first	1591:1595	arg1	This					1579:1582	This	1579:1582	This	1579:1582	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	6	56	theme	first	1591:1595	arg1	report					1612:1617	the first evidence based report	1587:1617	the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains	1587:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	3	57	theme	disc	782:785	arg1	assay					797:801	disc diffusion assay	782:801	disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations	782:996	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	3	58	dep	aureus	828:833	arg1	strains					916:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	3	59	dep	P.	888:889	arg1	aeruginosa					891:900	aeruginosa	891:900	aeruginosa	891:900	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	4	60	theme	Test	1129:1132	arg1	Compounds					1134:1142	3 other Test Compounds	1121:1142	3 other Test Compounds	1121:1142	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	60	theme	Test	1129:1132	arg1	Arg-Thr-Starch					1188:1201	Arg-Thr-Starch	1188:1201	Arg-Thr-Starch	1188:1201	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	60	theme	Test	1129:1132	arg1	Arg-Thr-Lactose					1168:1182	Arg-Thr-Lactose	1168:1182	Arg-Thr-Lactose	1168:1182	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	4	60	theme	Test	1129:1132	arg1	His-Asn-Mannose					1151:1165	His-Asn-Mannose	1151:1165	His-Asn-Mannose	1151:1165	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	0	61	theme	smaller	91:97	arg1	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	3	62	theme	negative	870:877	arg1	strains					916:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	2	63	theme	respective	667:676	arg1	moieties					684:691	respective sugar moieties	667:691	respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min	667:735	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	5	64	gly	N-glycopeptide	1377:1390	arg2	N-glycopeptide					1377:1390	N-glycopeptide	1377:1390	N-glycopeptide	1377:1390	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	0	65	theme	glycopeptides	105:117	arg1	synthesis					29:37	synthesis	29:37	synthesis	29:37	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	65	theme	glycopeptides	105:117	arg1	activity					57:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	65	theme	glycopeptides	105:117	arg1	glycopeptides					14:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides	0:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.	0:118	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	7	66	from	position	1816:1823	arg1	arsenal					1870:1876	the arsenal	1866:1876	the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent	1866:1936	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	7	67	theme	chain	1842:1846	arg1	N-glycopeptide					1848:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	3	68	theme	P.	888:889	arg1	strains					916:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains	870:922	The column eluted compounds were tested for disc diffusion assay using 3 gram positive S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae and 3 gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. sonnei strains at different concentrations predicted by pH and inhibitory concentrations.
24026960	7	69	gly	N-glycopeptide	1848:1861	arg2	N-glycopeptide					1848:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	2	70	theme	dicyclohexyl	539:550	arg1	coupling					570:577	dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling	539:577	dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated	539:648	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	2	71	theme	microwave	699:707	arg1	oven					709:712	microwave oven	699:712	microwave oven	699:712	7 glycopeptides, viz., Arg-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Asn-Lactose, His-Asn-Mannose, His-Asn-Lactose (N-glycopeptides), Arg-Ser-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Lactose, Arg-Thr-Starch (O-glycopeptides) were prepared by dicyclohexyl carbodimide (DCC) coupling for amino acids using microwave oven (50W power; 15 min) and activated and coupled with respective sugar moieties using microwave oven at 120 W for 20-25 min.
24026960	7	72	theme	potent	1829:1834	arg1	N-glycopeptide					1848:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	our potent small chain N-glycopeptide	1825:1861	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	1	73	link	O-linked	182:189	arg1	glycopeptides					191:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides	169:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars	169:216	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	5	74	dep	P.	1553:1554	arg1	S.					1568:1569	S.	1568:1569	S.	1568:1569	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	5	74	dep	P.	1553:1554	arg1	aeruginosa					1556:1565	P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei	1553:1576	aeruginosa	1556:1565	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	4	75	theme	test	1010:1013	arg1	glycopeptide					1015:1026	the test glycopeptide	1006:1026	the test glycopeptide	1006:1026	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	6	76	theme	positive	1717:1724	arg1	strains					1744:1750	both gram positive and gram negative strains	1707:1750	both gram positive and gram negative strains	1707:1750	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	1	77	link	N-linked	169:176	arg1	glycopeptides					191:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides	169:203	N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars	169:216	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	5	78	theme	Maximum	1295:1301	arg1	activity					1303:1310	Maximum activity	1295:1310	Maximum activity	1295:1310	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	0	79	theme	antibacterial	43:55	arg1	activity					57:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	79	theme	antibacterial	43:55	arg1	glycopeptides					14:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides	0:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.	0:118	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	5	80	with	His-Asn-Lactose	1392:1406	arg1	17 mm					1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	17 mm	1494:1498	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	5	80	with	His-Asn-Lactose	1392:1406	arg1	diameters					1448:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters	1413:1456	the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm)	1413:1499	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
24026960	0	81	link	O-linked	82:89	arg1	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	1	82	theme	compounds	335:343	arg1	identification					303:316	the identification	299:316	the identification of antibacterial compounds	299:343	Our objective is to synthesize the smaller chain N-linked and O-linked glycopeptides using sugars belong to mono, di and polysaccharides, with the efforts mainly directed towards the identification of antibacterial compounds.
24026960	7	83	theme	clinical	1781:1788	arg1	studies					1790:1796	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies	1753:1796	studies	1790:1796	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	0	84	link	N-linked	69:76	arg1	glycopeptides					105:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides	69:117	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	4	85	theme	positive	1250:1257	arg1	strains					1279:1285	2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains	1243:1285	2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested	1243:1292	One of the test glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose was found to be very effective against all the microbial strains tested and 3 other Test Compounds, viz., His-Asn-Mannose, Arg-Thr-Lactose and Arg-Thr-Starch are also proved to be effective against 2 gram positive and 2 gram negative strains tested.
24026960	0	86	dep	glycopeptides	14:26	arg1	synthesis					29:37	synthesis	29:37	synthesis	29:37	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	86	dep	glycopeptides	14:26	arg1	activity					57:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	antibacterial activity	43:64	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	0	86	dep	glycopeptides	14:26	arg1	glycopeptides					14:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides	0:26	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.	0:118	Antimicrobial glycopeptides: synthesis and antibacterial activity of N-linked and O-linked smaller chain glycopeptides.
24026960	7	87	theme	Further	1753:1759	arg1	testing					1769:1775	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies	1753:1796	testing	1769:1775	Further in vivo testing and clinical studies will make sure to position our potent small chain N-glycopeptide in the arsenal of new broad spectrum anti-gram positive and negative agent.
24026960	6	88	gly	N-glycopeptide	1628:1641	arg2	His-Asn-Lactose					1644:1658	His-Asn-Lactose	1644:1658	His-Asn-Lactose tested	1644:1665	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	6	88	gly	N-glycopeptide	1628:1641	arg2	N-glycopeptide					1628:1641	our N-glycopeptide	1624:1641	our N-glycopeptide	1624:1641	This is the first evidence based report that our N-glycopeptide, His-Asn-Lactose tested, has shown antibacterial action against both gram positive and gram negative strains.
24026960	5	89	theme	450 μg/ml	1347:1355	arg1	concentration					1330:1342	a concentration	1328:1342	a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei	1328:1576	Maximum activity was observed at a concentration of 450 μg/ml (747.51 µM) for the N-glycopeptide His-Asn-Lactose with the corresponding zonal inhibition diameters (15 mm; 19 mm; 14 mm; 18 mm; 16 mm; 17 mm) against S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. caprae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. sonnei.
26546708	2	0	theme	physiological	542:554	arg1	force					572:576	physiological fluid flow drag force	542:576	physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane	542:675	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	4	1	theme	atomic	975:980	arg1	microscopy					988:997	atomic force microscopy	975:997	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	975:1003	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	1	theme	atomic	975:980	arg1	AFM					1000:1002	AFM	1000:1002	AFM	1000:1002	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	1	2	theme	system	226:231	arg1	component					189:197	a key component	183:197	a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix	183:448	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	2	theme	system	226:231	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	2	3	theme	external	629:636	arg1	stimuli					638:644	external stimuli	629:644	external stimuli	629:644	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	4	4	theme	perlecan	1035:1042	arg1	monomers					1044:1051	perlecan monomers	1035:1051	perlecan monomers	1035:1051	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	8	5	contain	has	1727:1729	arg1	perlecan					1718:1725	perlecan	1718:1725	perlecan	1718:1725	We conclude that perlecan has physical properties that would allow it to act as a strong but elastic tether in the LCS.
26546708	8	5	contain	has	1727:1729	arg2	properties					1740:1749	physical properties	1731:1749	physical properties that would allow it to act as a strong but elastic tether in the LCS	1731:1818	We conclude that perlecan has physical properties that would allow it to act as a strong but elastic tether in the LCS.
26546708	2	6	theme	flow	562:565	arg1	force					572:576	physiological fluid flow drag force	542:576	physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane	542:675	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	7	7	theme	mean	1622:1625	arg1	constant					1635:1642	a mean elastic constant	1620:1642	a mean elastic constant of 890 pN	1620:1652	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	1	8	theme	osteocyte	411:419	arg1	body					426:429	the osteocyte cell body	407:429	the osteocyte cell body	407:429	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	8	9	theme	physical	1731:1738	arg1	properties					1740:1749	physical properties	1731:1749	physical properties that would allow it to act as a strong but elastic tether in the LCS	1731:1818	We conclude that perlecan has physical properties that would allow it to act as a strong but elastic tether in the LCS.
26546708	1	10	theme	key	185:187	arg1	component					189:197	a key component	183:197	a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix	183:448	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	10	theme	key	185:187	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	4	11	theme	single	1092:1097	arg1	SMFMs					1127:1131	SMFMs	1127:1131	SMFMs	1127:1131	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	11	theme	single	1092:1097	arg1	measurement					1114:1124	single molecule force measurement	1092:1124	single molecule force measurement (SMFMs)	1092:1132	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	6	12	theme	drag	1442:1445	arg1	forces					1447:1452	the drag forces	1438:1452	the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers	1438:1521	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	7	13	theme	perlecan	1594:1601	arg1	core					1611:1614	the perlecan protein core	1590:1614	the perlecan protein core	1590:1614	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	2	14	theme	cell	507:510	arg1	body					512:515	the osteocyte cell body	493:515	the osteocyte cell body	493:515	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	4	15	theme	force	1108:1112	arg1	SMFMs					1127:1131	SMFMs	1127:1131	SMFMs	1127:1131	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	15	theme	force	1108:1112	arg1	measurement					1114:1124	single molecule force measurement	1092:1124	single molecule force measurement (SMFMs)	1092:1132	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	5	16	theme	human	1190:1194	arg1	perlecan					1196:1203	purified full-length human perlecan	1169:1203	purified full-length human perlecan	1169:1203	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	1	17	theme	large	126:130	arg1	HSPG					173:176	HSPG	173:176	HSPG	173:176	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	17	theme	large	126:130	arg1	proteoglycan					159:170	a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan	124:170	proteoglycan	159:170	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	17	theme	large	126:130	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	6	18	theme	osteocyte	1505:1513	arg1	tethers					1515:1521	the individual osteocyte tethers	1490:1521	the individual osteocyte tethers	1490:1521	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	2	19	theme	osteocyte	653:661	arg1	membrane					668:675	the osteocyte cell membrane	649:675	the osteocyte cell membrane	649:675	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	0	20	theme	key	56:58	arg1	component					60:68	A key component	54:68	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	6	21	theme	tension	1420:1426	arg1	pN					1414:1415	over 100 pN	1405:1415	over 100 pN of tension	1405:1426	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	1	22	theme	monomeric	133:141	arg1	HSPG					173:176	HSPG	173:176	HSPG	173:176	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	22	theme	monomeric	133:141	arg1	proteoglycan					159:170	a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan	124:170	proteoglycan	159:170	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	22	theme	monomeric	133:141	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	5	23	theme	end-to-end	1284:1293	arg1	length					1295:1300	a measured end-to-end length	1273:1300	a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm	1273:1313	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	4	24	theme	tensile	902:908	arg1	forces					910:915	tensile forces	902:915	tensile forces	902:915	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	3	25	theme	fiber	753:757	arg1	composition					759:769	the PCM fiber composition	745:769	the PCM fiber composition	745:769	We previously showed that a reduction in perlecan secretion alters the PCM fiber composition and interferes with bone's response to a mechanical loading in vivo.
26546708	6	26	theme	individual	1494:1503	arg1	tethers					1515:1521	the individual osteocyte tethers	1490:1521	the individual osteocyte tethers	1490:1521	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	1	27	theme	sulfate	151:157	arg1	HSPG					173:176	HSPG	173:176	HSPG	173:176	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	27	theme	sulfate	151:157	arg1	proteoglycan					159:170	a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan	124:170	proteoglycan	159:170	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	27	theme	sulfate	151:157	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	7	28	theme	worm-like	1556:1564	arg1	model					1572:1576	an extensible worm-like chain model	1542:1576	an extensible worm-like chain model	1542:1576	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	5	29	theme	purified	1169:1176	arg1	perlecan					1196:1203	purified full-length human perlecan	1169:1203	purified full-length human perlecan	1169:1203	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	0	30	theme	osteocyte	77:85	arg1	matrix					100:105	the osteocyte pericellular matrix	73:105	the osteocyte pericellular matrix	73:105	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	1	31	theme	pericellular	296:307	arg1	matrix					309:314	the mechanosensing pericellular matrix	277:314	the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes	277:357	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	31	theme	pericellular	296:307	arg1	PCM					317:319	PCM	317:319	PCM	317:319	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	4	32	used	used	1009:1012	arg2	AFM					1000:1002	AFM	1000:1002	AFM	1000:1002	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	32	used	used	1009:1012	arg2	microscopy					988:997	atomic force microscopy	975:997	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	975:1003	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	33	theme	core	877:880	arg1	protein					882:888	perlecan core protein	868:888	perlecan core protein	868:888	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	0	34	theme	matrix	100:105	arg1	component					60:68	A key component	54:68	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	3	35	theme	mechanical	812:821	arg1	loading					823:829	a mechanical loading	810:829	a mechanical loading	810:829	We previously showed that a reduction in perlecan secretion alters the PCM fiber composition and interferes with bone's response to a mechanical loading in vivo.
26546708	7	36	contain	has	1616:1618	arg1	core					1611:1614	the perlecan protein core	1590:1614	the perlecan protein core	1590:1614	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	7	36	contain	has	1616:1618	arg2	modulus					1682:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus	1658:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa	1658:1698	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	7	36	contain	has	1616:1618	arg2	constant					1635:1642	a mean elastic constant	1620:1642	a mean elastic constant of 890 pN	1620:1652	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	0	37	theme	Single	0:5	arg1	measurements					22:33	Single molecule force measurements	0:33	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	5	38	theme	suitable	1211:1218	arg1	size					1220:1223	suitable size	1211:1223	suitable size	1211:1223	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	0	39	theme	force	16:20	arg1	measurements					22:33	Single molecule force measurements	0:33	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	1	40	theme	cortical	242:249	arg1	bone					251:254	cortical bone	242:254	cortical bone	242:254	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	8	41	dep	strong	1783:1788	arg1	tether					1802:1807	tether	1802:1807	tether in the LCS	1802:1818	We conclude that perlecan has physical properties that would allow it to act as a strong but elastic tether in the LCS.
26546708	7	42	theme	Young	1674:1678	arg1	modulus					1682:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus	1658:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa	1658:1698	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	1	43	theme	bone	438:441	arg1	matrix					443:448	the bone matrix	434:448	the bone matrix	434:448	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	7	44	theme	MPa	1696:1698	arg1	constant					1635:1642	a mean elastic constant	1620:1642	a mean elastic constant of 890 pN	1620:1652	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	7	44	theme	MPa	1696:1698	arg1	modulus					1682:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus	1658:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa	1658:1698	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	7	45	theme	pN	1651:1652	arg1	constant					1635:1642	a mean elastic constant	1620:1642	a mean elastic constant of 890 pN	1620:1652	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	7	45	theme	pN	1651:1652	arg1	modulus					1682:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus	1658:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa	1658:1698	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	4	46	theme	force	982:986	arg1	microscopy					988:997	atomic force microscopy	975:997	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	975:1003	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	46	theme	force	982:986	arg1	AFM					1000:1002	AFM	1000:1002	AFM	1000:1002	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	1	47	theme	canalicular	214:224	arg1	system					226:231	the lacunar canalicular system (LCS)	202:237	the lacunar canalicular system (LCS)	202:237	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	47	theme	canalicular	214:224	arg1	LCS					234:236	LCS	234:236	LCS	234:236	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	48	theme	tethering	375:383	arg1	element					385:391	a tethering element	373:391	a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix	373:448	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	48	theme	tethering	375:383	arg1	it					263:264	it	263:264	it	263:264	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	7	49	theme	elastic	1627:1633	arg1	constant					1635:1642	a mean elastic constant	1620:1642	a mean elastic constant of 890 pN	1620:1652	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	4	50	theme	monomers	1044:1051	arg1	images					1025:1030	images	1025:1030	images of perlecan monomers	1025:1051	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	2	51	theme	drag	567:570	arg1	force					572:576	physiological fluid flow drag force	542:576	physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane	542:675	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	4	52	theme	nanoscale	1056:1064	arg1	resolution					1066:1075	nanoscale resolution	1056:1075	nanoscale resolution	1056:1075	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	2	53	theme	fluid	556:560	arg1	force					572:576	physiological fluid flow drag force	542:576	physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane	542:675	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	1	54	theme	cell	421:424	arg1	body					426:429	the osteocyte cell body	407:429	the osteocyte cell body	407:429	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	6	55	theme	protein	1373:1379	arg1	core					1381:1384	a strong protein core	1364:1384	a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers	1364:1521	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	2	56	theme	pericellular	462:473	arg1	space					475:479	the pericellular space	458:479	the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body	458:515	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	4	57	theme	molecule	1099:1106	arg1	SMFMs					1127:1131	SMFMs	1127:1131	SMFMs	1127:1131	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	4	57	theme	molecule	1099:1106	arg1	measurement					1114:1124	single molecule force measurement	1092:1124	single molecule force measurement (SMFMs)	1092:1132	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	1	58	theme	osteocytic	338:347	arg1	processes					349:357	the osteocytic processes	334:357	the osteocytic processes	334:357	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	5	59	theme	full-length	1178:1188	arg1	perlecan					1196:1203	purified full-length human perlecan	1169:1203	purified full-length human perlecan	1169:1203	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	5	60	theme	nm	1312:1313	arg1	length					1295:1300	a measured end-to-end length	1273:1300	a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm	1273:1313	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	5	60	theme	nm	1312:1313	arg1	diameter					1321:1328	a diameter	1319:1328	a diameter of 2-4 nm	1319:1338	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	7	61	theme	protein	1603:1609	arg1	core					1611:1614	the perlecan protein core	1590:1614	the perlecan protein core	1590:1614	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	2	62	theme	osteocyte	497:505	arg1	body					512:515	the osteocyte cell body	493:515	the osteocyte cell body	493:515	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	2	63	theme	cell	663:666	arg1	membrane					668:675	the osteocyte cell membrane	649:675	the osteocyte cell membrane	649:675	Within the pericellular space surrounding the osteocyte cell body, perlecan can experience physiological fluid flow drag force and in that capacity function as a sensor to relay external stimuli to the osteocyte cell membrane.
26546708	5	64	theme	perlecan	1196:1203	arg1	protein					1158:1164	the core protein	1149:1164	the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan	1149:1203	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	5	65	theme	core	1153:1156	arg1	protein					1158:1164	the core protein	1149:1164	the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan	1149:1203	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	3	66	theme	perlecan	719:726	arg1	secretion					728:736	perlecan secretion	719:736	perlecan secretion	719:736	We previously showed that a reduction in perlecan secretion alters the PCM fiber composition and interferes with bone's response to a mechanical loading in vivo.
26546708	1	67	theme	heparan	143:149	arg1	HSPG					173:176	HSPG	173:176	HSPG	173:176	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	67	theme	heparan	143:149	arg1	proteoglycan					159:170	a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan	124:170	proteoglycan	159:170	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	67	theme	heparan	143:149	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	0	68	theme	pericellular	87:98	arg1	matrix					100:105	the osteocyte pericellular matrix	73:105	the osteocyte pericellular matrix	73:105	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	1	69	theme	mechanosensing	281:294	arg1	matrix					309:314	the mechanosensing pericellular matrix	277:314	the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes	277:357	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	69	theme	mechanosensing	281:294	arg1	PCM					317:319	PCM	317:319	PCM	317:319	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	7	70	theme	chain	1566:1570	arg1	model					1572:1576	an extensible worm-like chain model	1542:1576	an extensible worm-like chain model	1542:1576	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	3	71	from	reduction	706:714	arg1	secretion					728:736	perlecan secretion	719:736	perlecan secretion	719:736	We previously showed that a reduction in perlecan secretion alters the PCM fiber composition and interferes with bone's response to a mechanical loading in vivo.
26546708	3	72	theme	PCM	749:751	arg1	composition					759:769	the PCM fiber composition	745:769	the PCM fiber composition	745:769	We previously showed that a reduction in perlecan secretion alters the PCM fiber composition and interferes with bone's response to a mechanical loading in vivo.
26546708	1	73	theme	matrix	309:314	arg1	part					269:272	part	269:272	part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes	269:357	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	7	74	theme	extensible	1545:1554	arg1	model					1572:1576	an extensible worm-like chain model	1542:1576	an extensible worm-like chain model	1542:1576	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	4	75	theme	perlecan	868:875	arg1	protein					882:888	perlecan core protein	868:888	perlecan core protein	868:888	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	5	76	theme	nm	1337:1338	arg1	length					1295:1300	a measured end-to-end length	1273:1300	a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm	1273:1313	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	5	76	theme	nm	1337:1338	arg1	diameter					1321:1328	a diameter	1319:1328	a diameter of 2-4 nm	1319:1338	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	5	77	theme	pericellular	1237:1248	arg1	space					1250:1254	the pericellular space	1233:1254	the pericellular space of the LCS	1233:1265	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	0	78	theme	molecule	7:14	arg1	measurements					22:33	Single molecule force measurements	0:33	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	4	79	theme	physiological	941:953	arg1	conditions					963:972	physiological loading conditions	941:972	physiological loading conditions	941:972	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	0	80	theme	perlecan/HSPG2	38:51	arg1	measurements					22:33	Single molecule force measurements	0:33	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	1	81	theme	bone	251:254	arg1	component					189:197	a key component	183:197	a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix	183:448	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	81	theme	bone	251:254	arg1	Perlecan/HSPG2					108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2	108:121	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	5	82	theme	measured	1275:1282	arg1	length					1295:1300	a measured end-to-end length	1273:1300	a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm	1273:1313	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	6	83	theme	strong	1366:1371	arg1	core					1381:1384	a strong protein core	1364:1384	a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers	1364:1521	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	0	84	dep	measurements	22:33	arg1	component					60:68	A key component	54:68	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.	0:106	Single molecule force measurements of perlecan/HSPG2: A key component of the osteocyte pericellular matrix.
26546708	7	85	theme	corresponding	1660:1672	arg1	modulus					1682:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus	1658:1688	a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa	1658:1698	Data fitting with an extensible worm-like chain model showed that the perlecan protein core has a mean elastic constant of 890 pN and a corresponding Young's modulus of 71 MPa.
26546708	5	86	theme	LCS	1263:1265	arg1	space					1250:1254	the pericellular space	1233:1254	the pericellular space of the LCS	1233:1265	We found that the core protein of purified full-length human perlecan is of suitable size to span the pericellular space of the LCS, with a measured end-to-end length of 170±20 nm and a diameter of 2-4 nm.
26546708	4	87	theme	loading	955:961	arg1	conditions					963:972	physiological loading conditions	941:972	physiological loading conditions	941:972	To test our hypothesis that perlecan core protein can sustain tensile forces without unfolding under physiological loading conditions, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture images of perlecan monomers at nanoscale resolution and to perform single molecule force measurement (SMFMs).
26546708	6	88	theme	Force	1341:1345	arg1	pulling					1347:1353	Force pulling	1341:1353	Force pulling	1341:1353	Force pulling revealed a strong protein core that can withstand over 100 pN of tension well over the drag forces that are estimated to be exerted on the individual osteocyte tethers.
26546708	1	89	theme	lacunar	206:212	arg1	system					226:231	the lacunar canalicular system (LCS)	202:237	the lacunar canalicular system (LCS)	202:237	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
26546708	1	89	theme	lacunar	206:212	arg1	LCS					234:236	LCS	234:236	LCS	234:236	Perlecan/HSPG2, a large, monomeric heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), is a key component of the lacunar canalicular system (LCS) of cortical bone, where it is part of the mechanosensing pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding the osteocytic processes and serves as a tethering element that connects the osteocyte cell body to the bone matrix.
29137796	4	0	from	matrix	780:785	arg1	scale					802:806	a nanometer scale	790:806	a nanometer scale	790:806	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	4	1	theme	electron	668:675	arg1	microscopy					677:686	Transmission electron microscopy	655:686	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	655:701	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	4	1	theme	electron	668:675	arg1	TEM					689:691	TEM	689:691	TEM	689:691	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	5	2	theme	mechanical	813:822	arg1	properties					824:833	The mechanical properties	809:833	The mechanical properties	809:833	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	0	3	theme	novel	80:84	arg1	fluorine					86:93	novel fluorine	80:93	novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite	80:172	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	8	4	dep	bacteria	1352:1359	arg1	ie					1362:1363	Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1338:1515	ie	1362:1363	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	6	5	theme	membranes	1001:1009	arg1	modulus					942:948	The modulus	938:948	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	938:1009	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	1	6	theme	/cellulose/silica	217:233	arg1	membranes					252:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	0	7	theme	sulfonated	111:120	arg1	bionanocomposite					157:172	sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite	111:172	sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite	111:172	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	9	8	theme	antibacterial	1684:1696	arg1	activity					1698:1705	high antibacterial activity	1679:1705	high antibacterial activity	1679:1705	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	6	9	theme	nanocomposite	987:999	arg1	membranes					1001:1009	the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	953:1009	the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	953:1009	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	1	10	theme	bonding	357:363	arg1	agent					365:369	a bonding agent	355:369	a bonding agent	355:369	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	4	11	theme	nanometer	792:800	arg1	scale					802:806	a nanometer scale	790:806	a nanometer scale	790:806	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	6	12	theme	cellulose/silica	970:985	arg1	membranes					1001:1009	the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	953:1009	the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	953:1009	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	6	13	theme	pure	1131:1134	arg1	membranes					1142:1150	the pure s-PBI membranes	1127:1150	the pure s-PBI membranes	1127:1150	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	7	14	theme	pure	1246:1249	arg1	s-PBI					1251:1255	the pure s-PBI	1242:1255	the pure s-PBI	1242:1255	The conductivities of the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites were slightly lower than the pure s-PBI.
29137796	8	15	theme	E.	1474:1475	arg1	O157					1482:1485	E. coli O157	1474:1485	E. coli O157:H7	1474:1488	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	15	theme	E.	1474:1475	arg1	bacteria					1352:1359	Gram-positive bacteria	1338:1359	Gram-positive bacteria	1338:1359	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	3	16	theme	ultrasonic	621:630	arg1	technique					644:652	ultrasonic irradiation technique	621:652	ultrasonic irradiation technique	621:652	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	8	17	theme	disc	1524:1527	arg1	method					1539:1544	the disc diffusion method	1520:1544	the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica	1520:1609	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	1	18	theme	bionanocomposite	235:250	arg1	membranes					252:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	0	19	theme	polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica	122:155	arg1	bionanocomposite					157:172	sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite	111:172	sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite	111:172	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	4	20	theme	Transmission	655:666	arg1	microscopy					677:686	Transmission electron microscopy	655:686	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	655:701	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	4	20	theme	Transmission	655:666	arg1	TEM					689:691	TEM	689:691	TEM	689:691	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	6	21	theme	s-PBI/10 wt	957:967	arg1	%					968:968	%	968:968	%	968:968	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	4	22	theme	s-PBI	774:778	arg1	matrix					780:785	the s-PBI matrix	770:785	the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale	770:806	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	2	23	theme	cellulose/silica	490:505	arg1	nanoparticles					507:519	the cellulose/silica nanoparticles	486:519	the cellulose/silica nanoparticles	486:519	The introduction of the bonding agent results in the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles.
29137796	6	24	theme	pure	1046:1049	arg1	films					1057:1061	the pure s-PBI films	1042:1061	the pure s-PBI films	1042:1061	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	8	25	dep	Staphylococcus	1366:1379	arg1	aureus					1381:1386	aureus	1381:1386	aureus	1381:1386	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	25	dep	Staphylococcus	1366:1379	arg1	S.					1414:1415	S.	1414:1415	S.	1414:1415	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	26	theme	antibacterial	1262:1274	arg1	activity					1276:1283	The antibacterial activity	1258:1283	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1258:1311	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	4	27	theme	cellulose/silica	719:734	arg1	composites					736:745	the cellulose/silica composites	715:745	the cellulose/silica composites	715:745	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	8	28	theme	Gram-negative	1428:1440	arg1	bacteria					1442:1449	Gram-negative bacteria	1428:1449	Gram-negative bacteria	1428:1449	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	28	theme	Gram-negative	1428:1440	arg1	bacteria					1352:1359	Gram-positive bacteria	1338:1359	Gram-positive bacteria	1338:1359	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	2	29	theme	agent	404:408	arg1	introduction					376:387	The introduction	372:387	The introduction of the bonding agent	372:408	The introduction of the bonding agent results in the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles.
29137796	9	30	theme	synthesized	1623:1633	arg1	/cellulose/silica					1642:1658	the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1619:1658	the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1619:1658	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	0	31	theme	exchange	23:30	arg1	membranes					32:40	proton exchange membranes	16:40	proton exchange membranes	16:40	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	9	32	contain	have	1674:1677	arg1	All					1612:1614	All	1612:1614	All	1612:1614	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	9	32	contain	have	1674:1677	arg2	activity					1698:1705	high antibacterial activity	1679:1705	high antibacterial activity	1679:1705	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	9	32	contain	have	1674:1677	arg1	/cellulose/silica					1642:1658	the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1619:1658	the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1619:1658	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	6	33	theme	%	968:968	arg1	membranes					1001:1009	the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	953:1009	the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	953:1009	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	2	34	theme	bonding	396:402	arg1	agent					404:408	the bonding agent	392:408	the bonding agent	392:408	The introduction of the bonding agent results in the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles.
29137796	9	35	theme	s-PBI	1636:1640	arg1	/cellulose/silica					1642:1658	the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1619:1658	the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1619:1658	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	0	36	theme	proton	16:21	arg1	membranes					32:40	proton exchange membranes	16:40	proton exchange membranes	16:40	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	1	37	with	copolymer	307:315	arg1	precursor					341:349	a cellulose/silica precursor	322:349	a cellulose/silica precursor	322:349	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	1	37	with	copolymer	307:315	arg1	agent					365:369	a bonding agent	355:369	a bonding agent	355:369	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	3	38	mod	modified	571:578	arg1	nanoparticles					552:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	522:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	522:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	3	38	mod	modified	571:578	arg3	nanocellolose					599:611	biodegradable nanocellolose	585:611	biodegradable nanocellolose	585:611	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	6	39	theme	methanol	1072:1079	arg1	permeability					1081:1092	the methanol permeability	1068:1092	the methanol permeability	1068:1092	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	1	40	theme	fluorine-containing	281:299	arg1	copolymer					307:315	fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer	281:315	fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent	281:369	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	3	41	theme	available	535:543	arg1	nanoparticles					552:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	522:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	522:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	2	42	theme	reinforcing	425:435	arg1	interaction					449:459	the reinforcing interfacial interaction	421:459	the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles	421:519	The introduction of the bonding agent results in the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles.
29137796	5	43	theme	films	881:885	arg1	ability					860:866	the methanol barrier ability	839:866	the methanol barrier ability	839:866	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	5	43	theme	films	881:885	arg1	properties					824:833	The mechanical properties	809:833	The mechanical properties	809:833	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	3	44	theme	biodegradable	585:597	arg1	nanocellolose					599:611	biodegradable nanocellolose	585:611	biodegradable nanocellolose	585:611	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	1	45	theme	s-PBI	301:305	arg1	copolymer					307:315	fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer	281:315	fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent	281:369	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	0	46	theme	membranes	32:40	arg1	Construction					0:11	Construction	0:11	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation	0:69	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	3	47	theme	silica	545:550	arg1	nanoparticles					552:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	522:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles	522:564	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	8	48	theme	Hinton	1560:1565	arg1	agar					1567:1570	Mueller Hinton agar	1552:1570	Mueller Hinton agar	1552:1570	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	Staphylococcus					1366:1379	Staphylococcus	1366:1379	Staphylococcus	1366:1379	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	bacteria					1442:1449	Gram-negative bacteria	1428:1449	Gram-negative bacteria	1428:1449	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	bacteria					1352:1359	Gram-positive bacteria	1338:1359	Gram-positive bacteria	1338:1359	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	methicillin-resistant					1392:1412	methicillin-resistant	1392:1412	methicillin-resistant	1392:1412	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	aeruginosa					1506:1515	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1494:1515	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1494:1515	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	O157					1482:1485	E. coli O157	1474:1485	E. coli O157:H7	1474:1488	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	ie					1452:1453	ie	1452:1453	ie	1452:1453	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	49	theme	Gram-positive	1338:1350	arg1	coli					1468:1471	Escherichia coli	1456:1471	Escherichia coli	1456:1471	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	5	50	theme	methanol	843:850	arg1	ability					860:866	the methanol barrier ability	839:866	the methanol barrier ability	839:866	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	51	theme	different	1575:1583	arg1	sizes					1585:1589	different sizes	1575:1589	different sizes of cellulose/silica	1575:1609	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	6	52	theme	s-PBI	1051:1055	arg1	films					1057:1061	the pure s-PBI films	1042:1061	the pure s-PBI films	1042:1061	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	2	53	theme	interfacial	437:447	arg1	interaction					449:459	the reinforcing interfacial interaction	421:459	the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles	421:519	The introduction of the bonding agent results in the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles.
29137796	0	54	theme	ultrasonic	48:57	arg1	irradiation					59:69	ultrasonic irradiation	48:69	ultrasonic irradiation	48:69	Construction of proton exchange membranes under ultrasonic irradiation based on novel fluorine functionalizing sulfonated polybenzimidazole/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite.
29137796	5	55	theme	barrier	852:858	arg1	ability					860:866	the methanol barrier ability	839:866	the methanol barrier ability	839:866	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	6	56	theme	%	1019:1019	arg1	increase					1021:1028	a 45% increase	1015:1028	a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films	1015:1061	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	8	57	dep	O157	1482:1485	arg1	H7					1487:1488	H7	1487:1488	E. coli O157:H7	1474:1488	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	1	58	theme	Novel	175:179	arg1	s-PBI					211:215	s-PBI	211:215	s-PBI	211:215	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	1	58	theme	Novel	175:179	arg1	polybenzimidazole					192:208	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole	175:208	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	8	59	dep	S.	1414:1415	arg1	aureus					1417:1422	aureus	1417:1422	aureus	1417:1422	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	7	60	theme	s-PBI/cellulose/silica	1179:1200	arg1	nanocomposites					1202:1215	the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites	1175:1215	the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites	1175:1215	The conductivities of the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites were slightly lower than the pure s-PBI.
29137796	6	61	theme	45	1017:1018	arg1	%					1019:1019	%	1019:1019	%	1019:1019	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	8	62	theme	diffusion	1529:1537	arg1	method					1539:1544	the disc diffusion method	1520:1544	the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica	1520:1609	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	1	63	theme	sulfonated	181:190	arg1	s-PBI					211:215	s-PBI	211:215	s-PBI	211:215	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	1	63	theme	sulfonated	181:190	arg1	polybenzimidazole					192:208	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole	175:208	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	8	64	theme	Mueller	1552:1558	arg1	agar					1567:1570	Mueller Hinton agar	1552:1570	Mueller Hinton agar	1552:1570	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	6	65	theme	s-PBI	1136:1140	arg1	membranes					1142:1150	the pure s-PBI membranes	1127:1150	the pure s-PBI membranes	1127:1150	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	7	66	theme	nanocomposites	1202:1215	arg1	conductivities					1157:1170	The conductivities	1153:1170	The conductivities of the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites	1153:1215	The conductivities of the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites were slightly lower than the pure s-PBI.
29137796	7	66	theme	nanocomposites	1202:1215	arg1	lower					1231:1235	lower	1231:1235	lower	1231:1235	The conductivities of the s-PBI/cellulose/silica nanocomposites were slightly lower than the pure s-PBI.
29137796	8	67	theme	s-PBI	1289:1293	arg1	/cellulose/silica					1295:1311	(s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1288:1311	(s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1288:1311	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	1	68	theme	polybenzimidazole	192:208	arg1	membranes					252:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes	175:260	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	5	69	theme	s-PBI	875:879	arg1	films					881:885	the s-PBI films	871:885	the s-PBI films	871:885	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	3	70	theme	irradiation	632:642	arg1	technique					644:652	ultrasonic irradiation technique	621:652	ultrasonic irradiation technique	621:652	Commercially available silica nanoparticles were modified with biodegradable nanocellolose through ultrasonic irradiation technique.
29137796	8	71	theme	/cellulose/silica	1295:1311	arg1	activity					1276:1283	The antibacterial activity	1258:1283	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica	1258:1311	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	8	72	dep	E.	1474:1475	arg1	coli					1477:1480	coli	1477:1480	coli	1477:1480	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	9	73	theme	high	1679:1682	arg1	activity					1698:1705	high antibacterial activity	1679:1705	high antibacterial activity	1679:1705	All of the synthesized (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica were found to have high antibacterial activity.
29137796	6	74	contain	had	1011:1013	arg1	modulus					942:948	The modulus	938:948	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes	938:1009	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	6	74	contain	had	1011:1013	arg2	increase					1021:1028	a 45% increase	1015:1028	a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films	1015:1061	The modulus of the s-PBI/10 wt% cellulose/silica nanocomposite membranes had a 45% increase compared to the pure s-PBI films, and the methanol permeability decreased by 62% with respect to the pure s-PBI membranes.
29137796	1	75	theme	cellulose/silica	324:339	arg1	precursor					341:349	a cellulose/silica precursor	322:349	a cellulose/silica precursor	322:349	Novel sulfonated polybenzimidazole (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica bionanocomposite membranes were prepared from fluorine-containing s-PBI copolymer with a cellulose/silica precursor and a bonding agent.
29137796	5	76	theme	cellulose/silica	920:935	arg1	addition					908:915	the addition	904:915	the addition of cellulose/silica	904:935	The mechanical properties and the methanol barrier ability of the s-PBI films were improved by the addition of cellulose/silica.
29137796	4	77	theme	microscopy	677:686	arg1	analyses					694:701	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	655:701	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses	655:701	Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that the cellulose/silica composites were well dispersed in the s-PBI matrix on a nanometer scale.
29137796	8	78	theme	cellulose/silica	1594:1609	arg1	sizes					1585:1589	different sizes	1575:1589	different sizes of cellulose/silica	1575:1609	The antibacterial activity of (s-PBI)/cellulose/silica was investigated against Gram-positive bacteria, ie, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Gram-negative bacteria, ie, Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar at different sizes of cellulose/silica.
29137796	2	79	theme	s-PBI	469:473	arg1	chains					475:480	s-PBI chains	469:480	s-PBI chains	469:480	The introduction of the bonding agent results in the reinforcing interfacial interaction between s-PBI chains and the cellulose/silica nanoparticles.
27231121	7	0	theme	particle	1115:1122	arg1	accumulation					1087:1098	the apparent uptake clearance accumulation	1057:1098	the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average)	1057:1141	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	8	1	theme	extensive	1306:1314	arg1	targeting					1316:1324	the extensive targeting	1302:1324	the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion	1302:1347	Therefore, controlling particle size is an important parameter for the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion.
27231121	6	2	theme	inflammatory	952:963	arg1	tissue					971:976	inflammatory colon tissue	952:976	inflammatory colon tissue	952:976	In contrast, the accumulation in inflammatory colon tissue was enhanced depending on the progress of the inflammation.
27231121	4	3	theme	sizes	774:778	arg1	variety					763:769	a variety	761:769	a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition	761:844	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	3	theme	sizes	774:778	arg1	sizes					774:778	sizes	774:778	sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition	774:844	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	4	used	utilized	649:656	arg2	we					646:647	we	646:647	we	646:647	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	5	theme	nanoparticle	623:634	arg1	platform					636:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	5	theme	nanoparticle	623:634	arg1	material					701:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material	658:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm)	658:717	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	1	6	theme	promising	205:213	arg1	effect					193:198	effect	193:198	effect	193:198	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	1	6	theme	promising	205:213	arg1	approach					215:222	a promising approach	203:222	a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors	203:279	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	0	7	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	accumulation					33:44	their accumulation	27:44	their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	27:126	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	7	8	theme	mid-sized	1105:1113	arg1	particle					1115:1122	a mid-sized particle	1103:1122	a mid-sized particle (113nm on average)	1103:1141	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	5	9	theme	particle	864:871	arg1	accumulation					873:884	particle accumulation	864:884	particle accumulation	864:884	In healthy mice, particle accumulation remained low regardless of size.
27231121	3	10	theme	higher	498:503	arg1	accumulation					505:516	the higher accumulation	494:516	the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	494:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	0	11	from	accumulation	33:44	arg1	lesion					65:70	an inflammatory lesion	49:70	an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	49:126	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	7	12	theme	apparent	1061:1068	arg1	clearance					1077:1085	the apparent uptake clearance	1057:1085	the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average)	1057:1141	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	2	13	theme	pathological	364:375	arg1	lesions					377:383	other pathological lesions	358:383	other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease)	358:411	Recent studies revealed that this strategy is also applicable for targeting other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease).
27231121	2	14	dep	disease	404:410	arg1	i.e.					386:389	i.e.	386:389	i.e.	386:389	Recent studies revealed that this strategy is also applicable for targeting other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease).
27231121	6	15	from	accumulation	936:947	arg1	tissue					971:976	inflammatory colon tissue	952:976	inflammatory colon tissue	952:976	In contrast, the accumulation in inflammatory colon tissue was enhanced depending on the progress of the inflammation.
27231121	4	16	used	used	732:735	arg2	ssPalm					711:716	ssPalm	711:716	ssPalm	711:716	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	16	used	used	732:735	arg2	platform					636:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	16	used	used	732:735	arg2	material					701:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material	658:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm)	658:717	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	2	17	theme	other	358:362	arg1	lesions					377:383	other pathological lesions	358:383	other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease)	358:411	Recent studies revealed that this strategy is also applicable for targeting other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease).
27231121	7	18	theme	uptake	1070:1075	arg1	clearance					1077:1085	the apparent uptake clearance	1057:1085	the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average)	1057:1141	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	8	19	theme	important	1278:1286	arg1	parameter					1288:1296	an important parameter	1275:1296	an important parameter for the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion	1275:1347	Therefore, controlling particle size is an important parameter for the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion.
27231121	2	20	theme	Recent	282:287	arg1	studies					289:295	Recent studies	282:295	Recent studies	282:295	Recent studies revealed that this strategy is also applicable for targeting other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease).
27231121	7	21	theme	clearance	1077:1085	arg1	accumulation					1087:1098	the apparent uptake clearance accumulation	1057:1098	the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average)	1057:1141	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	3	22	theme	particle	523:530	arg1	accumulation					505:516	the higher accumulation	494:516	the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	494:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	1	23	theme	enhanced	153:160	arg1	permeation					162:171	the enhanced permeation	149:171	the enhanced permeation	149:171	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	0	24	theme	size	19:22	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.	0:127	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	4	25	theme	SS-cleavable	660:671	arg1	platform					636:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	25	theme	SS-cleavable	660:671	arg1	ssPalm					711:716	ssPalm	711:716	ssPalm	711:716	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	25	theme	SS-cleavable	660:671	arg1	material					701:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material	658:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm)	658:717	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	26	theme	same	823:826	arg1	composition					834:844	the same lipid composition	819:844	the same lipid composition	819:844	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	27	theme	lipid-like	690:699	arg1	platform					636:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	27	theme	lipid-like	690:699	arg1	ssPalm					711:716	ssPalm	711:716	ssPalm	711:716	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	27	theme	lipid-like	690:699	arg1	material					701:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material	658:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm)	658:717	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	2	28	theme	inflammatory	391:402	arg1	disease					404:410	inflammatory disease	391:410	inflammatory disease	391:410	Recent studies revealed that this strategy is also applicable for targeting other pathological lesions (i.e. inflammatory disease).
27231121	0	29	theme	particle	10:17	arg1	size					19:22	particle size	10:22	particle size	10:22	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	4	30	theme	pH-activated	677:688	arg1	platform					636:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	a nanoparticle platform	621:643	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	30	theme	pH-activated	677:688	arg1	ssPalm					711:716	ssPalm	711:716	ssPalm	711:716	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	4	30	theme	pH-activated	677:688	arg1	material					701:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material	658:708	a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm)	658:717	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	7	31	theme	larger	1180:1185	arg1	ones					1229:1232	smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones	1168:1232	smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones	1168:1232	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	6	32	theme	inflammation	1024:1035	arg1	progress					1008:1015	the progress	1004:1015	the progress of the inflammation	1004:1035	In contrast, the accumulation in inflammatory colon tissue was enhanced depending on the progress of the inflammation.
27231121	0	33	theme	-induced	105:112	arg1	model					122:126	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	75:126	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	75:126	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	0	34	from	lesion	65:70	arg1	model					122:126	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	75:126	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	75:126	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	3	35	theme	inflammatory	538:549	arg1	lesion					551:556	an inflammatory lesion	535:556	an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	535:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	6	36	theme	colon	965:969	arg1	tissue					971:976	inflammatory colon tissue	952:976	inflammatory colon tissue	952:976	In contrast, the accumulation in inflammatory colon tissue was enhanced depending on the progress of the inflammation.
27231121	7	37	from	113nm	1125:1129	arg1	average					1134:1140	average	1134:1140	average	1134:1140	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	4	38	theme	lipid	828:832	arg1	composition					834:844	the same lipid composition	819:844	the same lipid composition	819:844	As a nanoparticle platform, we utilized a SS-cleavable and pH-activated lipid-like material (ssPalm), that can be used to produce particles in a variety of sizes ranging from 50nm to 180nm while using the same lipid composition.
27231121	8	39	theme	inflammatory	1329:1340	arg1	lesion					1342:1347	inflammatory lesion	1329:1347	inflammatory lesion	1329:1347	Therefore, controlling particle size is an important parameter for the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion.
27231121	8	40	theme	particle	1258:1265	arg1	size					1267:1270	particle size	1258:1270	particle size	1258:1270	Therefore, controlling particle size is an important parameter for the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion.
27231121	3	41	theme	present	421:427	arg1	study					429:433	the present study	417:433	the present study	417:433	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	7	42	from	183nm	1197:1201	arg1	average					1206:1212	average	1206:1212	average	1206:1212	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	0	43	theme	colitis	114:120	arg1	model					122:126	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	75:126	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	75:126	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	1	44	dep	approach	215:222	arg1	Taking					129:134	Taking	129:134	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR)	129:191	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	3	45	theme	optimal	450:456	arg1	size					458:461	the optimal size	446:461	the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	446:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	3	46	from	accumulation	505:516	arg1	lesion					551:556	an inflammatory lesion	535:556	an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	535:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	8	47	theme	lesion	1342:1347	arg1	targeting					1316:1324	the extensive targeting	1302:1324	the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion	1302:1347	Therefore, controlling particle size is an important parameter for the extensive targeting of inflammatory lesion.
27231121	7	48	from	54nm	1188:1191	arg1	average					1206:1212	average	1206:1212	average	1206:1212	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	7	49	dep	particle	1115:1122	arg1	113nm					1125:1129	113nm	1125:1129	113nm	1125:1129	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	5	50	theme	healthy	850:856	arg1	mice					858:861	healthy mice	850:861	healthy mice	850:861	In healthy mice, particle accumulation remained low regardless of size.
27231121	3	51	theme	-induced	594:601	arg1	model					611:615	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	564:615	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	564:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	7	52	dep	larger	1180:1185	arg1	183nm					1197:1201	183nm	1197:1201	183nm	1197:1201	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	7	52	dep	larger	1180:1185	arg1	54nm					1188:1191	54nm	1188:1191	54nm	1188:1191	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	0	53	theme	inflammatory	52:63	arg1	lesion					65:70	an inflammatory lesion	49:70	an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	49:126	Effect of particle size on their accumulation in an inflammatory lesion in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	3	54	theme	colitis	603:609	arg1	model					611:615	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	564:615	a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	564:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
27231121	1	55	theme	permeation	162:171	arg1	advantage					136:144	advantage	136:144	advantage of the enhanced permeation	136:171	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	1	55	theme	permeation	162:171	arg1	retention					177:185	retention	177:185	retention (EPR)	177:191	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	1	55	theme	permeation	162:171	arg1	EPR					188:190	EPR	188:190	EPR	188:190	Taking advantage of the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect is a promising approach for delivering macromolecules or nanoparticles to tumors.
27231121	7	56	theme	smaller	1168:1174	arg1	ones					1229:1232	smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones	1168:1232	smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones	1168:1232	In this situation, the apparent uptake clearance accumulation of a mid-sized particle (113nm on average) was higher than that for smaller and larger (54nm and 183nm in average, respectively) ones.
27231121	3	57	theme	nanoparticle	468:479	arg1	size					458:461	the optimal size	446:461	the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model	446:615	In the present study, we report the optimal size of a nanoparticle for allowing the higher accumulation of a particle in an inflammatory lesion using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.
24706766	3	0	theme	differential	618:629	arg1	colonization					631:642	differential colonization	618:642	differential colonization of and dispersal among particles	618:675	These differences are mediated primarily by differential colonization of and dispersal among particles.
24706766	5	1	theme	chemotactic	1035:1045	arg1	sensitivity					1047:1057	chemotactic sensitivity	1035:1057	chemotactic sensitivity	1035:1057	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	6	2	theme	microscale	1341:1350	arg1	ocean					1333:1337	the ocean's microscale	1329:1350	the ocean's microscale	1329:1350	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	6	3	theme	landscape	1420:1428	arg1	structure					1394:1402	the rich spatiotemporal structure	1370:1402	the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape	1370:1428	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	3	4	theme	particles	667:675	arg1	colonization					631:642	differential colonization	618:642	differential colonization of and dispersal among particles	618:675	These differences are mediated primarily by differential colonization of and dispersal among particles.
24706766	5	5	theme	fine-scale	1085:1094	arg1	adaptation					1107:1116	this fine-scale behavioral adaptation	1080:1116	this fine-scale behavioral adaptation	1080:1116	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	6	6	theme	resource	1411:1418	arg1	landscape					1420:1428	the resource landscape	1407:1428	the resource landscape	1407:1428	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	6	7	theme	ecology	1263:1269	arg1	principles					1241:1250	the principles	1237:1250	the principles	1237:1250	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	2	8	theme	ephemeral	516:524	arg1	patches					535:541	ephemeral nutrient patches	516:541	ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water	516:571	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	3	9	theme	dispersal	651:659	arg1	particles					667:675	and dispersal among particles	647:675	particles	667:675	These differences are mediated primarily by differential colonization of and dispersal among particles.
24706766	0	10	theme	marine	78:83	arg1	populations					102:112	recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	59:112	recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	59:112	Competition-dispersal tradeoff ecologically differentiates recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations.
24706766	1	11	theme	competition-dispersal	124:144	arg1	tradeoffs					146:154	competition-dispersal tradeoffs	124:154	competition-dispersal tradeoffs	124:154	Although competition-dispersal tradeoffs are commonly invoked to explain species coexistence for animals and plants in spatially structured environments, such mechanisms for coexistence remain unknown for microorganisms.
24706766	5	12	theme	genomic	993:999	arg1	composition					1001:1011	their genomic composition	987:1011	their genomic composition	987:1011	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	2	13	theme	ocean	561:565	arg1	water					567:571	ocean water	561:571	ocean water	561:571	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	1	14	from	coexistence	196:206	arg1	environments					255:266	spatially structured environments	234:266	spatially structured environments	234:266	Although competition-dispersal tradeoffs are commonly invoked to explain species coexistence for animals and plants in spatially structured environments, such mechanisms for coexistence remain unknown for microorganisms.
24706766	1	15	theme	structured	244:253	arg1	environments					255:266	spatially structured environments	234:266	spatially structured environments	234:266	Although competition-dispersal tradeoffs are commonly invoked to explain species coexistence for animals and plants in spatially structured environments, such mechanisms for coexistence remain unknown for microorganisms.
24706766	0	16	theme	Competition-dispersal	0:20	arg1	tradeoff					22:29	Competition-dispersal tradeoff	0:29	Competition-dispersal tradeoff	0:29	Competition-dispersal tradeoff ecologically differentiates recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations.
24706766	6	17	theme	spatiotemporal	1379:1392	arg1	structure					1394:1402	the rich spatiotemporal structure	1370:1402	the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape	1370:1428	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	5	18	from	sensitivity	1047:1057	arg1	similar					976:982	similar	976:982	similar	976:982	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	18	from	sensitivity	1047:1057	arg1	populations					955:965	the two populations	947:965	the two populations	947:965	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	2	19	theme	bacterioplankton	384:399	arg1	populations					401:411	two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	354:411	two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	354:411	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	2	20	theme	characteristic	543:556	arg1	patches					535:541	ephemeral nutrient patches	516:541	ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water	516:571	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	4	21	theme	new	867:869	arg1	particles					871:879	new particles	867:879	new particles	867:879	Whereas one population is specialized to colonize particles by attaching and growing biofilms, the other is specialized to disperse among particles by rapidly detecting and swimming toward new particles, implying that it can better exploit short-lived patches.
24706766	5	22	from	abilities	1024:1032	arg1	similar					976:982	similar	976:982	similar	976:982	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	22	from	abilities	1024:1032	arg1	populations					955:965	the two populations	947:965	the two populations	947:965	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	2	23	theme	marine	377:382	arg1	populations					401:411	two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	354:411	two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	354:411	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	2	24	theme	nutrient	526:533	arg1	patches					535:541	ephemeral nutrient patches	516:541	ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water	516:571	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	2	25	theme	patches	535:541	arg1	landscape					503:511	the landscape	499:511	the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water	499:571	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	2	26	theme	speciated	367:375	arg1	populations					401:411	two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	354:411	two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	354:411	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	1	27	theme	such	269:272	arg1	mechanisms					274:283	such mechanisms	269:283	such mechanisms for coexistence	269:299	Although competition-dispersal tradeoffs are commonly invoked to explain species coexistence for animals and plants in spatially structured environments, such mechanisms for coexistence remain unknown for microorganisms.
24706766	0	28	theme	speciated	68:76	arg1	populations					102:112	recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	59:112	recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	59:112	Competition-dispersal tradeoff ecologically differentiates recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations.
24706766	6	29	theme	species	1491:1497	arg1	coexistence					1499:1509	species coexistence	1491:1509	species coexistence	1491:1509	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	6	30	theme	rich	1374:1377	arg1	structure					1394:1402	the rich spatiotemporal structure	1370:1402	the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape	1370:1428	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	6	31	dep	differentiation	1471:1485	arg1	the					1445:1447	the	1445:1447	the	1445:1447	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	5	32	from	similar	976:982	arg1	speed					1073:1077	swimming speed	1064:1077	swimming speed	1064:1077	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	32	from	similar	976:982	arg1	composition					1001:1011	their genomic composition	987:1011	their genomic composition	987:1011	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	32	from	similar	976:982	arg1	abilities					1024:1032	metabolic abilities	1014:1032	metabolic abilities	1014:1032	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	32	from	similar	976:982	arg1	sensitivity					1047:1057	chemotactic sensitivity	1035:1057	chemotactic sensitivity	1035:1057	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	6	33	theme	marine	1517:1522	arg1	bacteria					1524:1531	marine bacteria	1517:1531	marine bacteria	1517:1531	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	0	34	theme	bacterioplankton	85:100	arg1	populations					102:112	recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	59:112	recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations	59:112	Competition-dispersal tradeoff ecologically differentiates recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations.
24706766	6	35	theme	spatial	1255:1261	arg1	ecology					1263:1269	spatial ecology	1255:1269	spatial ecology	1255:1269	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	2	36	theme	water	567:571	arg1	characteristic					543:556	characteristic	543:556	characteristic	543:556	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	6	37	theme	ecological	1460:1469	arg1	differentiation					1471:1485	fine-scale ecological differentiation	1449:1485	fine-scale ecological differentiation	1449:1485	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	5	38	theme	differentiation	1176:1190	arg1	onset					1152:1156	the onset	1148:1156	the onset of the ecological differentiation between them	1148:1203	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	39	theme	ecological	1165:1174	arg1	differentiation					1176:1190	the ecological differentiation	1161:1190	the ecological differentiation between them	1161:1203	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	2	40	theme	behavioral	430:439	arg1	strategies					441:450	different behavioral strategies	420:450	different behavioral strategies	420:450	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	6	41	theme	fine-scale	1449:1458	arg1	differentiation					1471:1485	fine-scale ecological differentiation	1449:1485	fine-scale ecological differentiation	1449:1485	These results demonstrate that the principles of spatial ecology, traditionally applied at macroscales, can be extended to the ocean's microscale to understand how the rich spatiotemporal structure of the resource landscape contributes to the fine-scale ecological differentiation and species coexistence among marine bacteria.
24706766	4	42	theme	short-lived	918:928	arg1	patches					930:936	short-lived patches	918:936	short-lived patches	918:936	Whereas one population is specialized to colonize particles by attaching and growing biofilms, the other is specialized to disperse among particles by rapidly detecting and swimming toward new particles, implying that it can better exploit short-lived patches.
24706766	1	43	theme	species	188:194	arg1	coexistence					196:206	species coexistence	188:206	species coexistence for animals and plants in spatially structured environments	188:266	Although competition-dispersal tradeoffs are commonly invoked to explain species coexistence for animals and plants in spatially structured environments, such mechanisms for coexistence remain unknown for microorganisms.
24706766	3	44	theme	among	661:665	arg1	particles					667:675	and dispersal among particles	647:675	particles	667:675	These differences are mediated primarily by differential colonization of and dispersal among particles.
24706766	5	45	theme	behavioral	1096:1105	arg1	adaptation					1107:1116	this fine-scale behavioral adaptation	1080:1116	this fine-scale behavioral adaptation	1080:1116	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	46	from	composition	1001:1011	arg1	similar					976:982	similar	976:982	similar	976:982	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	46	from	composition	1001:1011	arg1	populations					955:965	the two populations	947:965	the two populations	947:965	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	47	theme	swimming	1064:1071	arg1	speed					1073:1077	swimming speed	1064:1077	swimming speed	1064:1077	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	48	from	speed	1073:1077	arg1	similar					976:982	similar	976:982	similar	976:982	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	5	48	from	speed	1073:1077	arg1	populations					955:965	the two populations	947:965	the two populations	947:965	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	2	49	theme	different	420:428	arg1	strategies					441:450	different behavioral strategies	420:450	different behavioral strategies	420:450	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24706766	5	50	theme	metabolic	1014:1022	arg1	abilities					1024:1032	metabolic abilities	1014:1032	metabolic abilities	1014:1032	Because the two populations are very similar in their genomic composition, metabolic abilities, chemotactic sensitivity, and swimming speed, this fine-scale behavioral adaptation may have been responsible for the onset of the ecological differentiation between them.
24706766	2	51	theme	nutrient	463:470	arg1	particles					472:480	nutrient particles	463:480	nutrient particles	463:480	Here we show that two recently speciated marine bacterioplankton populations pursue different behavioral strategies to exploit nutrient particles in adaptation to the landscape of ephemeral nutrient patches characteristic of ocean water.
24576763	6	0	theme	GlcA	728:731	arg1	methylation					733:743	GlcA methylation	728:743	GlcA methylation	728:743	It is not known how the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan is controlled.
24576763	7	1	theme	complete	1006:1013	arg1	loss					1015:1018	a complete loss	1004:1018	a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems	1004:1068	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	3	2	link	β-1,4-linked	445:456	arg1	residues					466:473	β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	445:473	β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	445:473	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	2	3	theme	better	289:294	arg1	utilization					296:306	a better utilization	287:306	a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production	287:346	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	8	4	from	xylan	1264:1268	arg1	chains					1254:1259	the GlcA side chains	1240:1259	the GlcA side chains in xylan	1240:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	8	4	from	xylan	1264:1268	arg1	%					1235:1235	up to 90%	1227:1235	up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan	1227:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	8	4	from	xylan	1264:1268	arg1	result					1219:1224	a result	1217:1224	a result	1217:1224	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	8	5	from	chains	1254:1259	arg1	xylan					1264:1268	xylan	1264:1268	xylan	1264:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	9	6	from	degree	1341:1346	arg1	xylan					1371:1375	xylan	1371:1375	xylan	1371:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	2	7	theme	biomass	317:323	arg1	utilization					296:306	a better utilization	287:306	a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production	287:346	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	8	8	theme	GXM2	1089:1092	arg1	Overexpression					1071:1084	Overexpression	1071:1084	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis	1071:1126	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	7	9	theme	secondary	967:975	arg1	cells					990:994	secondary wall-forming cells	967:994	secondary wall-forming cells	967:994	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	8	10	theme	GXM3	1098:1101	arg1	Overexpression					1071:1084	Overexpression	1071:1084	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis	1071:1126	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	2	11	theme	secondary	239:247	arg1	walls					249:253	secondary walls	239:253	secondary walls	239:253	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	8	12	theme	wild-type	1106:1114	arg1	Arabidopsis					1116:1126	wild-type Arabidopsis	1106:1126	wild-type Arabidopsis	1106:1126	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	8	13	theme	glucuronoxylan	1168:1181	arg1	activity					1201:1208	glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1168:1208	glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1168:1208	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	10	14	theme	methylation	1637:1647	arg1	degree					1622:1627	the degree	1618:1627	the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	1618:1656	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	8	15	from	increase	1156:1163	arg1	activity					1201:1208	glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1168:1208	glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1168:1208	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	1	16	theme	plant	131:135	arg1	biomass					137:143	plant biomass	131:143	plant biomass	131:143	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	8	17	theme	wild	1316:1319	arg1	type					1321:1324	the wild type	1312:1324	the wild type	1312:1324	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	0	18	theme	wall	59:62	arg1	4-O-methylation					30:44	4-O-methylation	30:44	4-O-methylation of secondary wall	30:62	Modification of the degree of 4-O-methylation of secondary wall glucuronoxylan.
24576763	9	19	theme	GlcA	1351:1354	arg1	methylation					1356:1366	GlcA methylation	1351:1366	GlcA methylation in xylan	1351:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	1	20	theme	second-generation	158:174	arg1	production					184:193	second-generation biofuel production	158:193	second-generation biofuel production	158:193	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	9	21	from	xylan	1371:1375	arg1	degree					1341:1346	The increased degree	1327:1346	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	1327:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	3	22	theme	major	360:364	arg1	components					366:375	the major components	356:375	the major components in secondary walls	356:394	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	10	23	mod	modified	1665:1672	arg1	degree					1622:1627	the degree	1618:1627	the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	1618:1656	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	10	23	mod	modified	1665:1672	arg3	expression					1685:1694	altered expression	1677:1694	altered expression of GXMs	1677:1702	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	7	24	theme	glucuronoxylan	857:870	arg1	genes					896:900	the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	847:900	the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	847:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	8	25	dep	5-fold	1149:1154	arg1	to					1146:1147	to	1146:1147	to	1146:1147	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	3	26	theme	xylosyl	458:464	arg1	residues					466:473	β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	445:473	β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	445:473	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	0	27	theme	4-O-methylation	30:44	arg1	degree					20:25	the degree	16:25	the degree of 4-O-methylation of secondary wall	16:62	Modification of the degree of 4-O-methylation of secondary wall glucuronoxylan.
24576763	1	28	theme	Plant	80:84	arg1	walls					96:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	1	28	theme	Plant	80:84	arg1	constituent					116:126	the major constituent	106:126	the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production	106:193	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	10	29	from	degree	1622:1627	arg1	xylan					1652:1656	xylan	1652:1656	xylan	1652:1656	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	8	30	theme	GlcA	1244:1247	arg1	chains					1254:1259	the GlcA side chains	1240:1259	the GlcA side chains in xylan	1240:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	3	31	theme	β-1,4-linked	445:456	arg1	residues					466:473	β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	445:473	β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	445:473	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	9	32	theme	wall	1412:1415	arg1	composition					1423:1433	cell wall sugar composition	1407:1433	cell wall sugar composition	1407:1433	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	8	33	theme	chains	1254:1259	arg1	chains					1254:1259	the GlcA side chains	1240:1259	the GlcA side chains in xylan	1240:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	8	33	theme	chains	1254:1259	arg1	%					1235:1235	up to 90%	1227:1235	up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan	1227:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	8	33	theme	chains	1254:1259	arg1	result					1219:1224	a result	1217:1224	a result	1217:1224	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	7	34	theme	GlcA	1023:1026	arg1	methylation					1028:1038	GlcA methylation	1023:1038	GlcA methylation	1023:1038	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	9	35	theme	lignin	1439:1444	arg1	composition					1454:1464	lignin monomer composition	1439:1464	lignin monomer composition	1439:1464	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	7	36	from	loss	1015:1018	arg1	xylan					1043:1047	xylan	1043:1047	xylan in Arabidopsis stems	1043:1068	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	2	37	theme	thorough	209:216	arg1	critical					274:281	critical	274:281	critical	274:281	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	2	37	theme	thorough	209:216	arg1	understanding					218:230	a thorough understanding	207:230	a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed	207:269	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	3	38	theme	residues	466:473	arg1	chain					436:440	a linear chain	427:440	a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	427:473	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	7	39	theme	knockout	825:832	arg1	GXM2					909:912	GXM2	909:912	GXM2	909:912	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	39	theme	knockout	825:832	arg1	mutations					834:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations	806:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	806:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	39	theme	knockout	825:832	arg1	GXM1					903:906	GXM1	903:906	GXM1	903:906	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	39	theme	knockout	825:832	arg1	GXM3/GXMT1					919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	40	theme	simultaneous	806:817	arg1	GXM2					909:912	GXM2	909:912	GXM2	909:912	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	40	theme	simultaneous	806:817	arg1	mutations					834:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations	806:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	806:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	40	theme	simultaneous	806:817	arg1	GXM1					903:906	GXM1	903:906	GXM1	903:906	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	40	theme	simultaneous	806:817	arg1	GXM3/GXMT1					919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	9	41	contain	had	1377:1379	arg1	degree					1341:1346	The increased degree	1327:1346	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	1327:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	9	41	contain	had	1377:1379	arg2	effects					1396:1402	no discernable effects	1381:1402	no discernable effects	1381:1402	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	4	42	from	%	500:500	arg1	xylan					525:529	xylan	525:529	xylan	525:529	In Arabidopsis, about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan are substituted with glucuronic acid (GlcA), of which 60% are methylated at O-4.
24576763	5	43	from	substituents	641:652	arg1	xylan					665:669	Populus xylan	657:669	Populus xylan	657:669	By contrast, all of the GlcA substituents in Populus xylan are methylated at O-4.
24576763	8	44	from	Overexpression	1071:1084	arg1	Arabidopsis					1116:1126	wild-type Arabidopsis	1106:1126	wild-type Arabidopsis	1106:1126	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	9	45	from	methylation	1356:1366	arg1	xylan					1371:1375	xylan	1371:1375	xylan	1371:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	4	46	theme	glucuronic	552:561	arg1	GlcA					569:572	GlcA	569:572	GlcA	569:572	In Arabidopsis, about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan are substituted with glucuronic acid (GlcA), of which 60% are methylated at O-4.
24576763	4	46	theme	glucuronic	552:561	arg1	acid					563:566	glucuronic acid	552:566	glucuronic acid (GlcA)	552:573	In Arabidopsis, about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan are substituted with glucuronic acid (GlcA), of which 60% are methylated at O-4.
24576763	10	47	theme	GXMs	1699:1702	arg1	expression					1685:1694	altered expression	1677:1694	altered expression of GXMs	1677:1702	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	8	48	from	%	1235:1235	arg1	xylan					1264:1268	xylan	1264:1268	xylan	1264:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	10	49	theme	GlcA	1562:1565	arg1	methylation					1567:1577	the GlcA methylation	1558:1577	the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems	1558:1607	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	1	50	theme	biofuel	176:182	arg1	production					184:193	second-generation biofuel production	158:193	second-generation biofuel production	158:193	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	7	51	theme	wall-forming	977:988	arg1	cells					990:994	secondary wall-forming cells	967:994	secondary wall-forming cells	967:994	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	2	52	theme	plant	311:315	arg1	biomass					317:323	plant biomass	311:323	plant biomass	311:323	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	8	53	dep	90	1233:1234	arg1	to					1230:1231	to	1230:1231	to	1230:1231	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	10	54	theme	Arabidopsis	1591:1601	arg1	stems					1603:1607	Arabidopsis stems	1591:1607	Arabidopsis stems	1591:1607	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	4	55	theme	residues	513:520	arg1	residues					513:520	xylosyl residues	505:520	xylosyl residues	505:520	In Arabidopsis, about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan are substituted with glucuronic acid (GlcA), of which 60% are methylated at O-4.
24576763	4	55	theme	residues	513:520	arg1	%					500:500	about 10%	492:500	about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan	492:529	In Arabidopsis, about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan are substituted with glucuronic acid (GlcA), of which 60% are methylated at O-4.
24576763	3	56	from	components	366:375	arg1	walls					390:394	secondary walls	380:394	secondary walls	380:394	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	1	57	theme	major	110:114	arg1	walls					96:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	1	57	theme	major	110:114	arg1	constituent					116:126	the major constituent	106:126	the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production	106:193	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	9	58	theme	increased	1331:1339	arg1	degree					1341:1346	The increased degree	1327:1346	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	1327:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	8	59	theme	methyltransferase	1183:1199	arg1	activity					1201:1208	glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1168:1208	glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1168:1208	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	10	60	theme	GlcA	1632:1635	arg1	methylation					1637:1647	GlcA methylation	1632:1647	GlcA methylation	1632:1647	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	1	61	theme	biomass	137:143	arg1	walls					96:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	1	61	theme	biomass	137:143	arg1	constituent					116:126	the major constituent	106:126	the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production	106:193	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	10	62	from	methylation	1567:1577	arg1	xylan					1582:1586	xylan	1582:1586	xylan	1582:1586	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	10	62	from	methylation	1567:1577	arg1	stems					1603:1607	Arabidopsis stems	1591:1607	Arabidopsis stems	1591:1607	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	7	63	theme	genes	896:900	arg1	GXM2					909:912	GXM2	909:912	GXM2	909:912	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	63	theme	genes	896:900	arg1	mutations					834:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations	806:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	806:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	63	theme	genes	896:900	arg1	GXM1					903:906	GXM1	903:906	GXM1	903:906	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	63	theme	genes	896:900	arg1	GXM3/GXMT1					919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	9	64	theme	methylation	1356:1366	arg1	degree					1341:1346	The increased degree	1327:1346	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	1327:1375	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	5	65	theme	GlcA	636:639	arg1	substituents					641:652	the GlcA substituents	632:652	the GlcA substituents in Populus xylan	632:669	By contrast, all of the GlcA substituents in Populus xylan are methylated at O-4.
24576763	5	66	theme	Populus	657:663	arg1	xylan					665:669	Populus xylan	657:669	Populus xylan	657:669	By contrast, all of the GlcA substituents in Populus xylan are methylated at O-4.
24576763	7	67	theme	GXM	891:893	arg1	genes					896:900	the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	847:900	the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	847:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	3	68	theme	components	366:375	arg1	One					349:351	One	349:351	One	349:351	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	3	68	theme	components	366:375	arg1	components					366:375	the major components	356:375	the major components in secondary walls	356:394	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	7	69	from	xylan	1043:1047	arg1	stems					1064:1068	Arabidopsis stems	1052:1068	Arabidopsis stems	1052:1068	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	10	70	theme	GXM2	1517:1520	arg1	responsible					1535:1545	responsible	1535:1545	responsible	1535:1545	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	10	70	theme	GXM2	1517:1520	arg1	activities					1497:1506	the activities	1493:1506	the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3	1493:1529	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	7	71	theme	methyltransferase	872:888	arg1	genes					896:900	the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	847:900	the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	847:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	6	72	from	degree	718:723	arg1	xylan					748:752	xylan	748:752	xylan	748:752	It is not known how the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan is controlled.
24576763	3	73	theme	linear	429:434	arg1	chain					436:440	a linear chain	427:440	a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues	427:473	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	7	74	theme	Arabidopsis	1052:1062	arg1	stems					1064:1068	Arabidopsis stems	1052:1068	Arabidopsis stems	1052:1068	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	1	75	theme	secondary	86:94	arg1	walls					96:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls	80:100	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	1	75	theme	secondary	86:94	arg1	constituent					116:126	the major constituent	106:126	the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production	106:193	Plant secondary walls are the major constituent of plant biomass targeted for second-generation biofuel production.
24576763	6	76	theme	methylation	733:743	arg1	degree					718:723	the degree	714:723	the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan	714:752	It is not known how the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan is controlled.
24576763	0	77	theme	degree	20:25	arg1	Modification					0:11	Modification	0:11	Modification of the degree of 4-O-methylation of secondary wall	0:62	Modification of the degree of 4-O-methylation of secondary wall glucuronoxylan.
24576763	9	78	theme	cell	1407:1410	arg1	composition					1423:1433	cell wall sugar composition	1407:1433	cell wall sugar composition	1407:1433	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	3	79	theme	secondary	380:388	arg1	walls					390:394	secondary walls	380:394	secondary walls	380:394	One of the major components in secondary walls is xylan, which is composed of a linear chain of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues.
24576763	10	80	theme	GXM1	1511:1514	arg1	responsible					1535:1545	responsible	1535:1545	responsible	1535:1545	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	10	80	theme	GXM1	1511:1514	arg1	activities					1497:1506	the activities	1493:1506	the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3	1493:1529	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	7	81	theme	methylation	1028:1038	arg1	loss					1015:1018	a complete loss	1004:1018	a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems	1004:1068	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	9	82	theme	sugar	1417:1421	arg1	composition					1423:1433	cell wall sugar composition	1407:1433	cell wall sugar composition	1407:1433	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	4	83	theme	xylosyl	505:511	arg1	residues					513:520	xylosyl residues	505:520	xylosyl residues	505:520	In Arabidopsis, about 10% of xylosyl residues in xylan are substituted with glucuronic acid (GlcA), of which 60% are methylated at O-4.
24576763	8	84	theme	side	1249:1252	arg1	chains					1254:1259	the GlcA side chains	1240:1259	the GlcA side chains in xylan	1240:1268	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
24576763	0	85	theme	secondary	49:57	arg1	wall					59:62	secondary wall	49:62	secondary wall	49:62	Modification of the degree of 4-O-methylation of secondary wall glucuronoxylan.
24576763	10	86	theme	GXM3	1526:1529	arg1	responsible					1535:1545	responsible	1535:1545	responsible	1535:1545	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	10	86	theme	GXM3	1526:1529	arg1	activities					1497:1506	the activities	1493:1506	the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3	1493:1529	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	7	87	theme	T-DNA	819:823	arg1	GXM2					909:912	GXM2	909:912	GXM2	909:912	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	87	theme	T-DNA	819:823	arg1	mutations					834:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations	806:842	simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes	806:900	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	87	theme	T-DNA	819:823	arg1	GXM1					903:906	GXM1	903:906	GXM1	903:906	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	7	87	theme	T-DNA	819:823	arg1	GXM3/GXMT1					919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	GXM3/GXMT1	919:928	In this report, we demonstrated that simultaneous T-DNA knockout mutations of the three glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXM) genes, GXM1, GXM2, and GXM3/GXMT1, which are specifically expressed in secondary wall-forming cells, led to a complete loss of GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems.
24576763	9	88	theme	monomer	1446:1452	arg1	composition					1454:1464	lignin monomer composition	1439:1464	lignin monomer composition	1439:1464	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	9	89	theme	discernable	1384:1394	arg1	effects					1396:1402	no discernable effects	1381:1402	no discernable effects	1381:1402	The increased degree of GlcA methylation in xylan had no discernable effects on cell wall sugar composition and lignin monomer composition.
24576763	10	90	theme	altered	1677:1683	arg1	expression					1685:1694	altered expression	1677:1694	altered expression of GXMs	1677:1702	These results reveal that the activities of GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3 are responsible for all of the GlcA methylation in xylan in Arabidopsis stems and that the degree of GlcA methylation in xylan can be modified by altered expression of GXMs.
24576763	2	91	theme	biofuel	329:335	arg1	production					337:346	biofuel production	329:346	biofuel production	329:346	Therefore, a thorough understanding of how secondary walls are constructed is critical for a better utilization of plant biomass for biofuel production.
24576763	8	92	theme	5-fold	1149:1154	arg1	increase					1156:1163	an up to 5-fold increase	1140:1163	an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity	1140:1208	Overexpression of GXM2 and GXM3 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in an up to 5-fold increase in glucuronoxylan methyltransferase activity and as a result, up to 90% of the GlcA side chains in xylan were methylated as opposed to 60% seen in the wild type.
25015837	3	0	theme	external	462:469	arg1	medium					478:483	the external growth medium	458:483	the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity)	458:508	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	3	1	from	terms	489:493	arg1	composition					443:453	the composition	439:453	the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity)	439:508	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	5	2	dep	rate	864:867	arg1	extent					945:950	a lesser extent	936:950	a lesser extent	936:950	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	5	2	dep	rate	864:867	arg1	followed					869:876	followed	869:876	followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins	869:926	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	0	3	from	concentration	8:20	arg1	medium					36:41	the growth medium	25:41	the growth medium	25:41	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	3	4	theme	growth	471:476	arg1	medium					478:483	the external growth medium	458:483	the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity)	458:508	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	0	5	theme	pollen	88:93	arg1	tubes					95:99	tobacco pollen tubes	80:99	tobacco pollen tubes	80:99	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	5	6	theme	rate	864:867	arg1	changes					834:840	changes	834:840	changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS	834:959	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	0	7	theme	tobacco	80:86	arg1	tubes					95:99	tobacco pollen tubes	80:99	tobacco pollen tubes	80:99	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	3	8	from	medium	478:483	arg1	terms					489:493	terms	489:493	terms of osmolarity	489:507	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	3	9	theme	osmolarity	498:507	arg1	terms					489:493	terms	489:493	terms of osmolarity	489:507	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	1	10	theme	external	226:233	arg1	conditions					235:244	external conditions	226:244	external conditions	226:244	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	4	11	theme	callose/cellulose	674:690	arg1	[as					692:694	callose/cellulose [as	674:694	callose/cellulose [as	674:694	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	6	12	theme	pollen	1050:1055	arg1	tubes					1057:1061	pollen tubes	1050:1061	pollen tubes	1050:1061	These observations indicate that, under the osmolarity determined by the growth medium, pollen tubes adapt their cell wall to the changing conditions of growth.
25015837	5	13	theme	pollen	788:793	arg1	tubes					795:799	pollen tubes	788:799	pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium	788:827	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	0	14	theme	tubes	95:99	arg1	composition					65:75	the cell wall composition	51:75	the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes	51:99	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	5	15	theme	hypotonic	812:820	arg1	medium					822:827	a hypotonic medium	810:827	a hypotonic medium	810:827	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	3	16	from	composition	443:453	arg1	terms					489:493	terms	489:493	terms of osmolarity	489:507	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	2	17	theme	acid	287:290	arg1	pectins					292:298	methyl-esterified and acid pectins	265:298	methyl-esterified and acid pectins	265:298	The deposition of methyl-esterified and acid pectins in addition to callose/cellulose occurs according to a series of temporally succeeding events.
25015837	1	18	theme	spatial	153:159	arg1	order					174:178	both spatial and temporal order	148:178	both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions	148:244	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	0	19	theme	Sucrose	0:6	arg1	concentration					8:20	Sucrose concentration	0:20	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium	0:41	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	6	20	theme	cell	1075:1078	arg1	wall					1080:1083	their cell wall	1069:1083	their cell wall	1069:1083	These observations indicate that, under the osmolarity determined by the growth medium, pollen tubes adapt their cell wall to the changing conditions of growth.
25015837	6	21	theme	growth	1115:1120	arg1	conditions					1101:1110	the changing conditions	1088:1110	the changing conditions of growth	1088:1120	These observations indicate that, under the osmolarity determined by the growth medium, pollen tubes adapt their cell wall to the changing conditions of growth.
25015837	5	22	theme	initial	849:855	arg1	rate					864:867	the initial growth rate	845:867	the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS	845:959	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	4	23	theme	hypotonic	603:611	arg1	medium					613:618	a hypotonic medium	601:618	a hypotonic medium	601:618	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	4	24	theme	callose	739:745	arg1	CALS					757:760	CALS	757:760	CALS	757:760	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	4	24	theme	callose	739:745	arg1	synthase					747:754	the enzyme callose synthase	728:754	the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)]	728:762	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	2	25	theme	methyl-esterified	265:281	arg1	pectins					292:298	methyl-esterified and acid pectins	265:298	methyl-esterified and acid pectins	265:298	The deposition of methyl-esterified and acid pectins in addition to callose/cellulose occurs according to a series of temporally succeeding events.
25015837	5	26	theme	pectins	920:926	arg1	deposition					901:910	the deposition	897:910	the deposition of acid pectins	897:926	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	1	27	theme	temporal	165:172	arg1	order					174:178	both spatial and temporal order	148:178	both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions	148:244	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	6	28	theme	growth	1035:1040	arg1	medium					1042:1047	the growth medium	1031:1047	the growth medium	1031:1047	These observations indicate that, under the osmolarity determined by the growth medium, pollen tubes adapt their cell wall to the changing conditions of growth.
25015837	4	29	theme	[as	692:694	arg1	distribution					646:657	the distribution	642:657	the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as	642:694	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	3	30	theme	medium	478:483	arg1	composition					443:453	the composition	439:453	the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity)	439:508	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	5	31	theme	acid	915:918	arg1	pectins					920:926	acid pectins	915:926	acid pectins	915:926	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	5	32	theme	CALS	956:959	arg1	extent					945:950	a lesser extent	936:950	a lesser extent	936:950	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	3	33	theme	cell	541:544	arg1	components					551:560	cell wall components	541:560	cell wall components	541:560	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	2	34	theme	events	387:392	arg1	series					355:360	a series	353:360	a series of temporally succeeding events	353:392	The deposition of methyl-esterified and acid pectins in addition to callose/cellulose occurs according to a series of temporally succeeding events.
25015837	0	35	theme	growth	29:34	arg1	medium					36:41	the growth medium	25:41	the growth medium	25:41	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	3	36	theme	wall	546:549	arg1	components					551:560	cell wall components	541:560	cell wall components	541:560	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	2	37	theme	succeeding	376:385	arg1	events					387:392	temporally succeeding events	365:392	temporally succeeding events	365:392	The deposition of methyl-esterified and acid pectins in addition to callose/cellulose occurs according to a series of temporally succeeding events.
25015837	6	38	theme	changing	1092:1099	arg1	conditions					1101:1110	the changing conditions	1088:1110	the changing conditions of growth	1088:1120	These observations indicate that, under the osmolarity determined by the growth medium, pollen tubes adapt their cell wall to the changing conditions of growth.
25015837	4	39	dep	well	696:699	arg1	as					701:702	as	701:702	as	701:702	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	1	40	theme	cell	106:109	arg1	wall					111:114	The cell wall	102:114	The cell wall of pollen tubes	102:130	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	4	41	theme	enzyme	732:737	arg1	CALS					757:760	CALS	757:760	CALS	757:760	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	4	41	theme	enzyme	732:737	arg1	synthase					747:754	the enzyme callose synthase	728:754	the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)]	728:762	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	5	42	theme	lesser	938:943	arg1	extent					945:950	a lesser extent	936:950	a lesser extent	936:950	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	4	43	theme	synthase	747:754	arg1	distribution					712:723	the distribution	708:723	the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)]	708:762	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	4	44	theme	pectins	662:668	arg1	distribution					646:657	the distribution	642:657	the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as	642:694	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	5	45	theme	growth	857:862	arg1	rate					864:867	the initial growth rate	845:867	the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS	845:959	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	5	46	theme	deposition	901:910	arg1	modification					881:892	modification	881:892	modification of the deposition of acid pectins	881:926	The data indicate that pollen tubes grown in a hypotonic medium show changes of the initial growth rate followed by modification of the deposition of acid pectins and, to a lesser extent, of CALS.
25015837	2	47	theme	pectins	292:298	arg1	deposition					251:260	The deposition	247:260	The deposition of methyl-esterified and acid pectins in addition to callose/cellulose	247:331	The deposition of methyl-esterified and acid pectins in addition to callose/cellulose occurs according to a series of temporally succeeding events.
25015837	1	48	theme	pollen	193:198	arg1	tube					200:203	the pollen tube	189:203	the pollen tube	189:203	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	0	49	theme	wall	60:63	arg1	composition					65:75	the cell wall composition	51:75	the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes	51:99	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	3	50	theme	components	551:560	arg1	deposition					527:536	the deposition	523:536	the deposition of cell wall components	523:560	In this work, we attempted to determine how the composition of the external growth medium (in terms of osmolarity) could affect the deposition of cell wall components.
25015837	4	51	theme	tobacco	579:585	arg1	tubes					570:574	Pollen tubes	563:574	Pollen tubes of tobacco	563:585	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
25015837	1	52	theme	pollen	119:124	arg1	tubes					126:130	pollen tubes	119:130	pollen tubes	119:130	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	0	53	theme	cell	55:58	arg1	composition					65:75	the cell wall composition	51:75	the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes	51:99	Sucrose concentration in the growth medium affects the cell wall composition of tobacco pollen tubes.
25015837	1	54	dep	order	174:178	arg1	allow					183:187	allow	183:187	to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions	180:244	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	1	55	theme	tubes	126:130	arg1	wall					111:114	The cell wall	102:114	The cell wall of pollen tubes	102:130	The cell wall of pollen tubes is organized in both spatial and temporal order to allow the pollen tube to grow according to external conditions.
25015837	4	56	theme	Pollen	563:568	arg1	tubes					570:574	Pollen tubes	563:574	Pollen tubes of tobacco	563:585	Pollen tubes of tobacco were grown in a hypotonic medium and then analyzed for the distribution of pectins and callose/cellulose [as well as for the distribution of the enzyme callose synthase (CALS)].
26838402	5	0	theme	eluted	1108:1113	arg1	analytes					1115:1122	the eluted analytes	1104:1122	the eluted analytes for re-aspiration for subsequent chromogenic reaction	1104:1176	Advantage was taken of the LOV flow-through port to keep the eluted analytes for re-aspiration for subsequent chromogenic reaction.
26838402	0	1	theme	eluate	199:204	arg1	utilization					206:216	post-column eluate utilization	187:216	post-column eluate utilization	187:216	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	6	2	with	combinable	1280:1289	arg1	sorbents					1312:1319	sorbents	1312:1319	sorbents	1312:1319	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	6	2	with	combinable	1280:1289	arg1	reagents					1326:1333	reagents	1326:1333	reagents	1326:1333	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	6	2	with	combinable	1280:1289	arg1	analytes					1302:1309	other analytes	1296:1309	other analytes	1296:1309	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	1	3	from	volumes	344:350	arg1	preconcentration					304:319	analyte preconcentration	296:319	analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer	296:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	9	4	theme	similar	1842:1848	arg1	values					1875:1880	similar recovery and sensitivity values	1842:1880	similar recovery and sensitivity values	1842:1880	It was proven that both Fe(III) and Fe(II) were retained and yielded similar recovery and sensitivity values.
26838402	4	5	theme	peristaltic	886:896	arg1	pump					898:901	a peristaltic pump	884:901	a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion	884:923	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	7	6	theme	buffer	1427:1432	arg1	pH					1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	6	theme	buffer	1427:1432	arg1	compositions					1374:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	6	theme	buffer	1427:1432	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	6	theme	buffer	1427:1432	arg1	volumes					1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	7	theme	color	1447:1451	arg1	reagent					1453:1459	color reagent	1447:1459	color reagent	1447:1459	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	0	8	theme	Lab-on-Valve	223:234	arg1	system					236:241	a Lab-on-Valve system	221:241	a Lab-on-Valve system	221:241	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	7	9	theme	flow	1405:1408	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	10	10	theme	coastal	1909:1915	arg1	samples					1926:1932	coastal seawater samples	1909:1932	coastal seawater samples	1909:1932	The method was applied to coastal seawater samples and spiking experiments yielded recovery values close to 100%.
26838402	8	11	theme	real	1742:1745	arg1	samples					1747:1753	real samples	1742:1753	real samples	1742:1753	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	3	12	theme	containing	612:621	arg1	8-hydroxyquinoline					623:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	8	13	theme	12h	1644:1646	arg1	frequency					1631:1639	sampling frequency	1622:1639	sampling frequency of 12h(-1)	1622:1650	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	13	theme	12h	1644:1646	arg1	linearity					1657:1665	linearity	1657:1665	linearity	1657:1665	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	13	theme	12h	1644:1646	arg1	range					1584:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	13	theme	12h	1644:1646	arg1	LOD					1593:1595	a LOD	1591:1595	a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1)	1591:1619	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	14	theme	sample	1700:1705	arg1	mL					1694:1695	3.3 mL	1690:1695	3.3 mL of sample	1690:1705	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	0	15	theme	8-hydroquinoline	124:139	arg1	microcolumn					149:159	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	microcolumn	149:159	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	3	16	theme	chelating	594:602	arg1	8-hydroxyquinoline					623:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	4	17	theme	fit-for-purpose	940:954	arg1	cell					988:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	1	18	dep	Lab-On-Valve	259:270	arg1	LOV					273:275	LOV	273:275	LOV	273:275	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	8	19	dep	L	1680:1680	arg1	up					1667:1668	up	1667:1668	up	1667:1668	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	5	20	theme	flow-through	1078:1089	arg1	port					1091:1094	the LOV flow-through port	1070:1094	the LOV flow-through port	1070:1094	Advantage was taken of the LOV flow-through port to keep the eluted analytes for re-aspiration for subsequent chromogenic reaction.
26838402	0	21	theme	universal	165:173	arg1	approach					175:182	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	approach	175:182	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	2	22	theme	acidified	513:521	arg1	seawater					523:530	acidified seawater	513:530	acidified seawater	513:530	The system was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater using 1,10-phenanthroline as color reagent.
26838402	6	23	theme	analyzer	1202:1209	arg1	configuration					1211:1223	a universal analyzer configuration	1190:1223	a universal analyzer configuration	1190:1223	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	1	24	theme	confluent	358:366	arg1	mixing					368:373	confluent mixing	358:373	confluent mixing	358:373	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	3	25	theme	first	659:663	arg1	time					665:668	the first time	655:668	the first time	655:668	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	8	26	theme	µmol	1675:1678	arg1	L					1680:1680	1 µmol L(-1)	1673:1684	1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample	1673:1705	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	0	27	from	preconcentration	13:28	arg1	seawater					87:94	seawater	87:94	seawater	87:94	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	9	28	theme	sensitivity	1863:1873	arg1	values					1875:1880	similar recovery and sensitivity values	1842:1880	similar recovery and sensitivity values	1842:1880	It was proven that both Fe(III) and Fe(II) were retained and yielded similar recovery and sensitivity values.
26838402	4	29	theme	cm	959:960	arg1	cell					988:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	1	30	theme	holding	382:388	arg1	coil					390:393	the holding coil	378:393	the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer	378:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	7	31	theme	stability	1521:1529	arg1	pH					1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	31	theme	stability	1521:1529	arg1	compositions					1374:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	31	theme	stability	1521:1529	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	31	theme	stability	1521:1529	arg1	volumes					1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	4	32	theme	detection	967:975	arg1	cell					988:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	2	33	from	determination	484:496	arg1	seawater					523:530	acidified seawater	513:530	acidified seawater	513:530	The system was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater using 1,10-phenanthroline as color reagent.
26838402	4	34	theme	sorbent	810:816	arg1	solutions					799:807	all solutions	795:807	handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent)	786:878	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	34	theme	sorbent	810:816	arg1	suspension					818:827	sorbent suspension	810:827	sorbent suspension	810:827	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	0	35	theme	renewable	104:112	arg1	microcolumn					149:159	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	microcolumn	149:159	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	7	36	theme	studied	1346:1352	arg1	parameters					1354:1363	the studied parameters	1342:1363	the studied parameters	1342:1363	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	4	37	theme	carrier	1023:1029	arg1	degasification					1031:1044	in-line carrier degasification	1015:1044	in-line carrier degasification	1015:1044	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	0	38	from	determination	34:46	arg1	seawater					87:94	seawater	87:94	seawater	87:94	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	4	39	theme	flow	983:986	arg1	cell					988:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	8	40	theme	entire	1569:1574	arg1	range					1584:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	0	41	theme	Large	0:4	arg1	preconcentration					13:28	Large volume preconcentration	0:28	Large volume preconcentration	0:28	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	4	42	theme	bubble	999:1004	arg1	trap					1006:1009	a bubble trap	997:1009	a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification	997:1044	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	3	43	theme	retention	691:699	arg1	behavior					701:708	excellent retention behavior	681:708	excellent retention behavior	681:708	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	1	44	theme	milliliter	326:335	arg1	volumes					344:350	milliliter sample volumes	326:350	milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer	326:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	5	45	theme	subsequent	1146:1155	arg1	reaction					1169:1176	subsequent chromogenic reaction	1146:1176	subsequent chromogenic reaction	1146:1176	Advantage was taken of the LOV flow-through port to keep the eluted analytes for re-aspiration for subsequent chromogenic reaction.
26838402	0	46	theme	nanomolar	51:59	arg1	concentrations					61:74	nanomolar concentrations	51:74	nanomolar concentrations of iron	51:82	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	7	47	theme	microcolumn	1477:1487	arg1	size					1489:1492	the microcolumn size	1473:1492	the microcolumn size	1473:1492	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	8	48	theme	%	1554:1554	arg1	RSD					1556:1558	4.1% RSD	1551:1558	4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample	1551:1705	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	5	49	theme	chromogenic	1157:1167	arg1	reaction					1169:1176	subsequent chromogenic reaction	1146:1176	subsequent chromogenic reaction	1146:1176	Advantage was taken of the LOV flow-through port to keep the eluted analytes for re-aspiration for subsequent chromogenic reaction.
26838402	0	50	theme	utilization	206:216	arg1	microcolumn					149:159	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	microcolumn	149:159	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	0	50	theme	utilization	206:216	arg1	approach					175:182	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	approach	175:182	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	8	51	theme	nmol	1610:1613	arg1	L					1615:1615	down to 5 nmol L(-1)	1600:1619	down to 5 nmol L(-1)	1600:1619	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	7	52	theme	reagent	1453:1459	arg1	pH					1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	52	theme	reagent	1453:1459	arg1	compositions					1374:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	52	theme	reagent	1453:1459	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	52	theme	reagent	1453:1459	arg1	volumes					1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	6	53	theme	other	1296:1300	arg1	analytes					1302:1309	other analytes	1296:1309	other analytes	1296:1309	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	7	54	theme	eluent	1435:1440	arg1	pH					1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	54	theme	eluent	1435:1440	arg1	compositions					1374:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	54	theme	eluent	1435:1440	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	54	theme	eluent	1435:1440	arg1	volumes					1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	55	theme	loading	1419:1425	arg1	buffer					1427:1432	loading buffer	1419:1432	loading buffer	1419:1432	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	10	56	theme	seawater	1917:1924	arg1	samples					1926:1932	coastal seawater samples	1909:1932	coastal seawater samples	1909:1932	The method was applied to coastal seawater samples and spiking experiments yielded recovery values close to 100%.
26838402	3	57	theme	sorbent	604:610	arg1	8-hydroxyquinoline					623:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	8	58	theme	sampling	1622:1629	arg1	frequency					1631:1639	sampling frequency	1622:1639	sampling frequency of 12h(-1)	1622:1650	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	4	59	theme	color	865:869	arg1	solutions					799:807	all solutions	795:807	handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent)	786:878	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	59	theme	color	865:869	arg1	reagent					871:877	color reagent	865:877	color reagent	865:877	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	10	60	theme	recovery	1966:1973	arg1	values					1975:1980	recovery values	1966:1980	recovery values close to 100%	1966:1994	The method was applied to coastal seawater samples and spiking experiments yielded recovery values close to 100%.
26838402	0	61	theme	sorbent	141:147	arg1	microcolumn					149:159	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	microcolumn	149:159	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	3	62	theme	cellulose-based	578:592	arg1	8-hydroxyquinoline					623:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	5	63	theme	LOV	1074:1076	arg1	port					1091:1094	the LOV flow-through port	1070:1094	the LOV flow-through port	1070:1094	Advantage was taken of the LOV flow-through port to keep the eluted analytes for re-aspiration for subsequent chromogenic reaction.
26838402	2	64	theme	color	561:565	arg1	reagent					567:573	color reagent	561:573	color reagent	561:573	The system was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater using 1,10-phenanthroline as color reagent.
26838402	1	65	theme	buffer	427:432	arg1	addition					407:414	in-line addition	399:414	in-line addition of loading buffer	399:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	4	66	dep	handling	786:793	arg1	buffer					838:843	loading buffer	830:843	loading buffer	830:843	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	66	dep	handling	786:793	arg1	solutions					799:807	all solutions	795:807	handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent)	786:878	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	66	dep	handling	786:793	arg1	reagent					871:877	color reagent	865:877	color reagent	865:877	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	66	dep	handling	786:793	arg1	water					846:850	water	846:850	water	846:850	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	66	dep	handling	786:793	arg1	eluent					853:858	eluent	853:858	eluent	853:858	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	66	dep	handling	786:793	arg1	suspension					818:827	sorbent suspension	810:827	sorbent suspension	810:827	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	6	67	theme	preconcentration	1229:1244	arg1	procedure					1246:1254	preconcentration procedure	1229:1254	preconcentration procedure	1229:1254	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	4	68	theme	flow	747:750	arg1	system					752:757	The flow system	743:757	The flow system	743:757	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	0	69	theme	post-column	187:197	arg1	utilization					206:216	post-column eluate utilization	187:216	post-column eluate utilization	187:216	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	4	70	theme	sample	907:912	arg1	propulsion					914:923	sample propulsion	907:923	sample propulsion	907:923	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	8	71	dep	5	1608:1608	arg1	to					1605:1606	to	1605:1606	to	1605:1606	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	3	72	used	used	646:649	arg2	8-hydroxyquinoline					623:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline	576:640	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	0	73	theme	iron	79:82	arg1	concentrations					61:74	nanomolar concentrations	51:74	nanomolar concentrations of iron	51:82	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	4	74	theme	glass	977:981	arg1	cell					988:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	6	75	theme	universal	1192:1200	arg1	analyzer					1202:1209	a universal analyzer	1190:1209	a universal analyzer configuration	1190:1223	In effect, a universal analyzer configuration and preconcentration procedure was developed, which is combinable with other analytes, sorbents, and reagents.
26838402	4	76	dep	solutions	799:807	arg1	buffer					838:843	loading buffer	830:843	loading buffer	830:843	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	76	dep	solutions	799:807	arg1	solutions					799:807	all solutions	795:807	handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent)	786:878	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	76	dep	solutions	799:807	arg1	reagent					871:877	color reagent	865:877	color reagent	865:877	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	76	dep	solutions	799:807	arg1	water					846:850	water	846:850	water	846:850	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	76	dep	solutions	799:807	arg1	eluent					853:858	eluent	853:858	eluent	853:858	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	76	dep	solutions	799:807	arg1	suspension					818:827	sorbent suspension	810:827	sorbent suspension	810:827	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	7	77	theme	system	1514:1519	arg1	stability					1521:1529	system stability	1514:1529	system stability	1514:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	4	78	theme	14	956:957	arg1	cm					959:960	cm	959:960	cm	959:960	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	0	79	theme	cellulose	114:122	arg1	microcolumn					149:159	a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach	102:182	microcolumn	149:159	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	4	80	theme	long	962:965	arg1	cell					988:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell	938:991	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	0	81	theme	volume	6:11	arg1	preconcentration					13:28	Large volume preconcentration	0:28	Large volume preconcentration	0:28	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	1	82	theme	in-line	399:405	arg1	addition					407:414	in-line addition	399:414	in-line addition of loading buffer	399:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	4	83	theme	in-line	1015:1021	arg1	degasification					1031:1044	in-line carrier degasification	1015:1044	in-line carrier degasification	1015:1044	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	9	84	theme	recovery	1850:1857	arg1	values					1875:1880	similar recovery and sensitivity values	1842:1880	similar recovery and sensitivity values	1842:1880	It was proven that both Fe(III) and Fe(II) were retained and yielded similar recovery and sensitivity values.
26838402	4	85	theme	syringe	769:775	arg1	pump					777:780	a syringe pump	767:780	a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent)	767:878	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	1	86	theme	analyte	296:302	arg1	preconcentration					304:319	analyte preconcentration	296:319	analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer	296:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	3	87	theme	excellent	681:689	arg1	behavior					701:708	excellent retention behavior	681:708	excellent retention behavior	681:708	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	10	88	theme	spiking	1938:1944	arg1	experiments					1946:1956	spiking experiments	1938:1956	spiking experiments	1938:1956	The method was applied to coastal seawater samples and spiking experiments yielded recovery values close to 100%.
26838402	2	89	theme	iron	501:504	arg1	determination					484:496	the spectrophotometric determination	461:496	the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater	461:530	The system was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater using 1,10-phenanthroline as color reagent.
26838402	8	90	theme	4.1	1551:1553	arg1	%					1554:1554	%	1554:1554	%	1554:1554	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	0	91	theme	concentrations	61:74	arg1	preconcentration					13:28	Large volume preconcentration	0:28	Large volume preconcentration	0:28	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	0	91	theme	concentrations	61:74	arg1	determination					34:46	determination	34:46	determination	34:46	Large volume preconcentration and determination of nanomolar concentrations of iron in seawater using a renewable cellulose 8-hydroquinoline sorbent microcolumn and universal approach of post-column eluate utilization in a Lab-on-Valve system.
26838402	1	92	theme	sample	337:342	arg1	volumes					344:350	milliliter sample volumes	326:350	milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer	326:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	7	93	theme	repeatability	1495:1507	arg1	pH					1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	93	theme	repeatability	1495:1507	arg1	compositions					1374:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	93	theme	repeatability	1495:1507	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	93	theme	repeatability	1495:1507	arg1	volumes					1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	8	94	theme	RSD	1556:1558	arg1	Reproducibility					1532:1546	Reproducibility	1532:1546	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample	1532:1705	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	3	95	theme	loading	714:720	arg1	capacity					722:729	loading capacity	714:729	loading capacity	714:729	A cellulose-based chelating sorbent containing 8-hydroxyquinoline was used for the first time in LOV and excellent retention behavior and loading capacity were found.
26838402	1	96	theme	loading	419:425	arg1	buffer					427:432	loading buffer	419:432	loading buffer	419:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
26838402	7	97	theme	size	1489:1492	arg1	pH					1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	pH	1388:1389	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	97	theme	size	1489:1492	arg1	compositions					1374:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	the compositions	1370:1385	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	97	theme	size	1489:1492	arg1	rates					1410:1414	flow rates	1405:1414	flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability	1405:1529	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	7	97	theme	size	1489:1492	arg1	volumes					1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	volumes	1392:1398	Among the studied parameters were the compositions, pH, volumes, and flow rates of loading buffer, eluent, and color reagent, as well as the microcolumn size, repeatability, and system stability.
26838402	8	98	theme	working	1576:1582	arg1	range					1584:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	4	99	theme	loading	830:836	arg1	solutions					799:807	all solutions	795:807	handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent)	786:878	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	4	99	theme	loading	830:836	arg1	buffer					838:843	loading buffer	830:843	loading buffer	830:843	The flow system employs a syringe pump for handling all solutions (sorbent suspension, loading buffer, water, eluent, and color reagent) and a peristaltic pump for sample propulsion and includes a fit-for-purpose 14 cm long detection glass flow cell and a bubble trap for in-line carrier degasification.
26838402	2	100	theme	spectrophotometric	465:482	arg1	determination					484:496	the spectrophotometric determination	461:496	the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater	461:530	The system was applied to the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater using 1,10-phenanthroline as color reagent.
26838402	8	101	theme	L	1615:1615	arg1	frequency					1631:1639	sampling frequency	1622:1639	sampling frequency of 12h(-1)	1622:1650	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	101	theme	L	1615:1615	arg1	linearity					1657:1665	linearity	1657:1665	linearity	1657:1665	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	101	theme	L	1615:1615	arg1	range					1584:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	the entire working range	1565:1588	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	8	101	theme	L	1615:1615	arg1	LOD					1593:1595	a LOD	1591:1595	a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1)	1591:1619	Reproducibility of 4.1% RSD over the entire working range, a LOD of down to 5 nmol L(-1), sampling frequency of 12h(-1), and linearity up to 1 µmol L(-1) for 3.3 mL of sample were obtained and applicability to real samples was demonstrated.
26838402	1	102	theme	Lab-On-Valve	259:270	arg1	configuration					278:290	a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration	257:290	a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer	257:432	We report on a Lab-On-Valve (LOV) configuration for analyte preconcentration from milliliter sample volumes using confluent mixing in the holding coil for in-line addition of loading buffer.
28987405	6	0	theme	week	1250:1253	arg1	scales					1260:1265	week time scales	1250:1265	week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1250:1307	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	6	1	theme	total	1148:1152	arg1	OA					1154:1155	total OA	1148:1155	total OA accumulated by D. trunculus	1148:1183	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	2	2	theme	condition	618:626	arg1	index					628:632	condition index	618:632	condition index	618:632	Mortality, dry weight, condition index, gross biochemical composition and gametogenic stages were surveyed.
28987405	2	3	theme	gross	635:639	arg1	composition					653:663	gross biochemical composition	635:663	gross biochemical composition	635:663	Mortality, dry weight, condition index, gross biochemical composition and gametogenic stages were surveyed.
28987405	6	4	theme	only	1215:1218	arg1	4 °C					1220:1223	only 4 °C	1215:1223	only 4 °C	1215:1223	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	0	5	from	effect	9:14	arg1	elimination					61:71	the elimination	57:71	the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	57:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	7	6	from	release	1357:1363	arg1	shells					1390:1395	harvested wedge shells	1374:1395	harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1374:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	1	7	theme	OA-group	250:257	arg1	toxins					259:264	OA-group toxins	250:264	OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	250:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	8	theme	toxin	91:95	arg1	acid					105:108	the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid	76:108	the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid	76:108	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	9	from	trunculus	291:299	arg1	rates					241:245	depuration rates	230:245	depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	230:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	10	theme	toxins	259:264	arg1	rates					241:245	depuration rates	230:245	depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	230:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	11	theme	lipophilic	80:89	arg1	acid					105:108	the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid	76:108	the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid	76:108	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	6	12	from	scales	1260:1265	arg1	waters					1302:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	1	13	theme	whole	512:516	arg1	tissues					523:529	the whole soft tissues	508:529	the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14	508:592	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	2	14	theme	biochemical	641:651	arg1	composition					653:663	gross biochemical composition	635:663	gross biochemical composition	635:663	Mortality, dry weight, condition index, gross biochemical composition and gametogenic stages were surveyed.
28987405	0	15	theme	acid	105:108	arg1	elimination					61:71	the elimination	57:71	the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	57:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	2	16	theme	gametogenic	669:679	arg1	stages					681:686	gametogenic stages	669:686	gametogenic stages	669:686	Mortality, dry weight, condition index, gross biochemical composition and gametogenic stages were surveyed.
28987405	6	17	theme	OA	1154:1155	arg1	rate					1140:1143	the depuration rate	1125:1143	the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus	1125:1183	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	3	18	theme	non-dramatic	807:818	arg1	conditions					827:836	non-dramatic stress conditions	807:836	non-dramatic stress conditions	807:836	Low variation of glycogen and carbohydrates during the experiments suggest that wedge shells were under non-dramatic stress conditions.
28987405	1	19	theme	soft	518:521	arg1	tissues					523:529	the whole soft tissues	508:529	the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14	508:592	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	20	theme	okadaic	97:103	arg1	acid					105:108	the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid	76:108	the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid	76:108	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	21	theme	nutritional	368:378	arg1	starvation					437:446	starvation	437:446	starvation	437:446	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	21	theme	nutritional	368:378	arg1	microalgae					389:398	microalgae	389:398	microalgae	389:398	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	21	theme	nutritional	368:378	arg1	paste					412:416	commercial paste	401:416	commercial paste of microalgae	401:430	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	21	theme	nutritional	368:378	arg1	regimes					380:386	three nutritional regimes	362:386	three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation)	362:447	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	6	22	theme	Portuguese	1283:1292	arg1	waters					1302:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	3	23	theme	stress	820:825	arg1	conditions					827:836	non-dramatic stress conditions	807:836	non-dramatic stress conditions	807:836	Low variation of glycogen and carbohydrates during the experiments suggest that wedge shells were under non-dramatic stress conditions.
28987405	4	24	theme	depuration	892:901	arg1	rates					903:907	similar depuration rates	884:907	similar depuration rates	884:907	Wedge shells fed with non-toxic diets showed similar depuration rates being 15 and 38% higher than in starvation, at 16 and 20 °C, respectively.
28987405	5	25	theme	Depuration	984:993	arg1	rates					995:999	Depuration rates	984:999	Depuration rates under non-toxic diets at 20 °C	984:1030	Depuration rates under non-toxic diets at 20 °C were 71% higher than at 16 °C.
28987405	1	26	from	rates	241:245	arg1	trunculus					291:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	27	theme	Combined	0:7	arg1	effect					9:14	Combined effect	0:14	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.	0:167	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	4	28	theme	non-toxic	861:869	arg1	diets					871:875	non-toxic diets	861:875	non-toxic diets	861:875	Wedge shells fed with non-toxic diets showed similar depuration rates being 15 and 38% higher than in starvation, at 16 and 20 °C, respectively.
28987405	7	29	from	shells	1390:1395	arg1	possibility					1333:1343	the possibility	1329:1343	the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1329:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	7	30	theme	release	1357:1363	arg1	possibility					1333:1343	the possibility	1329:1343	the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1329:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	0	31	theme	temperature	19:29	arg1	effect					9:14	Combined effect	0:14	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.	0:167	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	32	theme	wedge	273:277	arg1	trunculus					291:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	33	from	toxins	259:264	arg1	trunculus					291:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	34	theme	individuals	538:548	arg1	tissues					523:529	the whole soft tissues	508:529	the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14	508:592	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	35	theme	nutritional	186:196	arg1	regime					198:203	nutritional regime	186:203	nutritional regime	186:203	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	6	36	theme	coastal	1294:1300	arg1	waters					1302:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	1	37	theme	shell	279:283	arg1	trunculus					291:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	2	38	theme	dry	606:608	arg1	weight					610:615	dry weight	606:615	dry weight	606:615	Mortality, dry weight, condition index, gross biochemical composition and gametogenic stages were surveyed.
28987405	1	39	theme	regime	198:203	arg1	influence					173:181	The influence	169:181	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	169:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	40	theme	nutritional	35:45	arg1	regime					47:52	nutritional regime	35:52	nutritional regime	35:52	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	41	theme	Donax	285:289	arg1	trunculus					291:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	the wedge shell Donax trunculus	269:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	42	theme	contaminated	127:138	arg1	trunculus					158:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	43	theme	contaminated	336:347	arg1	specimens					349:357	naturally contaminated specimens	326:357	naturally contaminated specimens	326:357	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	7	44	theme	harvested	1374:1382	arg1	shells					1390:1395	harvested wedge shells	1374:1395	harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1374:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	6	45	theme	depuration	1129:1138	arg1	rate					1140:1143	the depuration rate	1125:1143	the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus	1125:1183	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	6	46	theme	southern	1274:1281	arg1	waters					1302:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1270:1307	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	0	47	from	elimination	61:71	arg1	trunculus					158:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	3	48	theme	Low	703:705	arg1	variation					707:715	Low variation	703:715	Low variation of glycogen	703:727	Low variation of glycogen and carbohydrates during the experiments suggest that wedge shells were under non-dramatic stress conditions.
28987405	1	49	theme	water	209:213	arg1	temperature					215:225	water temperature	209:225	water temperature	209:225	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	5	50	from	20 °C	1026:1030	arg1	rates					995:999	Depuration rates	984:999	Depuration rates under non-toxic diets at 20 °C	984:1030	Depuration rates under non-toxic diets at 20 °C were 71% higher than at 16 °C.
28987405	1	51	dep	regimes	380:386	arg1	regimes					380:386	three nutritional regimes	362:386	three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation)	362:447	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	51	dep	regimes	380:386	arg1	microalgae					389:398	microalgae	389:398	microalgae	389:398	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	51	dep	regimes	380:386	arg1	paste					412:416	commercial paste	401:416	commercial paste of microalgae	401:430	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	51	dep	regimes	380:386	arg1	starvation					437:446	starvation	437:446	starvation	437:446	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	52	theme	shell	146:150	arg1	trunculus					158:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	53	theme	commercial	401:410	arg1	paste					412:416	commercial paste	401:416	commercial paste of microalgae	401:430	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	53	theme	commercial	401:410	arg1	regimes					380:386	three nutritional regimes	362:386	three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation)	362:447	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	54	theme	20 °C.	474:479	arg1	OA					487:488	20 °C. Total OA	474:488	20 °C. Total OA	474:488	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	7	55	theme	depuration	1413:1422	arg1	systems					1424:1430	depuration systems	1413:1430	depuration systems	1413:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	0	56	theme	regime	47:52	arg1	effect					9:14	Combined effect	0:14	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.	0:167	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	7	57	theme	water	1464:1468	arg1	temperature					1470:1480	water temperature	1464:1480	water temperature	1464:1480	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	0	58	theme	wedge	140:144	arg1	trunculus					158:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	6	59	theme	temperature	1110:1120	arg1	influence					1091:1099	the influence	1087:1099	the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus	1087:1183	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	1	60	theme	Total	481:485	arg1	OA					487:488	20 °C. Total OA	474:488	20 °C. Total OA	474:488	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	61	from	16 °C	464:468	arg1	days					456:459	14 days	453:459	14 days at 16 °C	453:468	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	7	62	theme	temperature	1470:1480	arg1	increase					1452:1459	a slight increase	1443:1459	a slight increase of water temperature	1443:1480	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	4	63	theme	Wedge	839:843	arg1	shells					845:850	Wedge shells	839:850	Wedge shells fed with non-toxic diets	839:875	Wedge shells fed with non-toxic diets showed similar depuration rates being 15 and 38% higher than in starvation, at 16 and 20 °C, respectively.
28987405	6	64	theme	water	1104:1108	arg1	temperature					1110:1120	water temperature	1104:1120	water temperature	1104:1120	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	5	65	theme	non-toxic	1007:1015	arg1	diets					1017:1021	non-toxic diets	1007:1021	non-toxic diets	1007:1021	Depuration rates under non-toxic diets at 20 °C were 71% higher than at 16 °C.
28987405	3	66	theme	wedge	783:787	arg1	shells					789:794	wedge shells	783:794	wedge shells	783:794	Low variation of glycogen and carbohydrates during the experiments suggest that wedge shells were under non-dramatic stress conditions.
28987405	1	67	theme	temperature	215:225	arg1	influence					173:181	The influence	169:181	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	169:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	0	68	theme	Donax	152:156	arg1	trunculus					158:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus	113:166	Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.
28987405	1	69	theme	microalgae	421:430	arg1	regimes					380:386	three nutritional regimes	362:386	three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation)	362:447	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	69	theme	microalgae	421:430	arg1	microalgae					389:398	microalgae	389:398	microalgae	389:398	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	69	theme	microalgae	421:430	arg1	paste					412:416	commercial paste	401:416	commercial paste of microalgae	401:430	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	69	theme	microalgae	421:430	arg1	starvation					437:446	starvation	437:446	starvation	437:446	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	1	70	from	influence	173:181	arg1	rates					241:245	depuration rates	230:245	depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	230:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	4	71	dep	showed	877:882	arg1	higher					926:931	higher	926:931	higher	926:931	Wedge shells fed with non-toxic diets showed similar depuration rates being 15 and 38% higher than in starvation, at 16 and 20 °C, respectively.
28987405	3	72	theme	glycogen	720:727	arg1	carbohydrates					733:745	carbohydrates	733:745	carbohydrates during the experiments	733:768	Low variation of glycogen and carbohydrates during the experiments suggest that wedge shells were under non-dramatic stress conditions.
28987405	3	72	theme	glycogen	720:727	arg1	variation					707:715	Low variation	703:715	Low variation of glycogen	703:727	Low variation of glycogen and carbohydrates during the experiments suggest that wedge shells were under non-dramatic stress conditions.
28987405	7	73	theme	OA	1368:1369	arg1	release					1357:1363	a faster release	1348:1363	a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1348:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	1	74	theme	depuration	230:239	arg1	rates					241:245	depuration rates	230:245	depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus	230:299	The influence of nutritional regime and water temperature on depuration rates of OA-group toxins in the wedge shell Donax trunculus was examined by exposing naturally contaminated specimens to three nutritional regimes (microalgae, commercial paste of microalgae, and starvation) for 14 days at 16 °C and 20 °C. Total OA was quantified in the whole soft tissues of the individuals collected in days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
28987405	6	75	theme	time	1255:1258	arg1	scales					1260:1265	week time scales	1250:1265	week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters	1250:1307	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	7	76	theme	faster	1350:1355	arg1	release					1357:1363	a faster release	1348:1363	a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1348:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	7	77	from	possibility	1333:1343	arg1	shells					1390:1395	harvested wedge shells	1374:1395	harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1374:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	7	78	theme	wedge	1384:1388	arg1	shells					1390:1395	harvested wedge shells	1374:1395	harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems	1374:1430	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
28987405	4	79	theme	similar	884:890	arg1	rates					903:907	similar depuration rates	884:907	similar depuration rates	884:907	Wedge shells fed with non-toxic diets showed similar depuration rates being 15 and 38% higher than in starvation, at 16 and 20 °C, respectively.
28987405	6	80	from	influence	1091:1099	arg1	rate					1140:1143	the depuration rate	1125:1143	the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus	1125:1183	These results highlight the influence of water temperature on the depuration rate of total OA accumulated by D. trunculus, even when the increase is of only 4 °C, as commonly observed in week time scales in the southern Portuguese coastal waters.
28987405	7	81	theme	slight	1445:1450	arg1	increase					1452:1459	a slight increase	1443:1459	a slight increase of water temperature	1443:1480	These results open the possibility of a faster release of OA in harvested wedge shells translocated to depuration systems when under a slight increase of water temperature.
29067849	0	0	theme	drug	83:86	arg1	delivery					88:95	oromucosal drug delivery	72:95	oromucosal drug delivery	72:95	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	6	1	dep	ethanol	1238:1244	arg1	w					1247:1247	w	1247:1247	w:w:w %	1247:1253	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	2	theme	porous	1010:1015	arg1	CDs					1017:1019	The empty porous CDs	1000:1019	The empty porous CDs	1000:1019	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	0	3	theme	oromucosal	72:81	arg1	delivery					88:95	oromucosal drug delivery	72:95	oromucosal drug delivery	72:95	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	6	4	theme	loading	1055:1061	arg1	solutions					1063:1071	different drug loading solutions	1040:1071	different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1040:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	5	dep	6000	1225:1228	arg1	PEG					1230:1232	PEG 400	1230:1236	PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1221:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	5	dep	6000	1225:1228	arg1	ethanol					1238:1244	ethanol	1238:1244	PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1221:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	6	dep	w	1247:1247	arg1	w					1251:1251	w	1251:1251	w:w:w %	1247:1253	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	6	dep	w	1247:1247	arg1	w					1249:1249	w	1249:1249	w:w:w %	1247:1253	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	0	7	from	Investigation	0:12	arg1	development					40:50	development	40:50	development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery	40:95	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	5	8	theme	coagulation	980:990	arg1	medium					992:997	coagulation medium	980:997	coagulation medium	980:997	Empty CDs were formed by dropping dissolved cellulose into coagulation medium.
29067849	6	9	theme	hydrochloride	1179:1191	arg1	concentrations					1123:1136	three different concentrations	1107:1136	three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride	1107:1191	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	5	10	theme	dissolved	955:963	arg1	cellulose					965:973	dissolved cellulose	955:973	dissolved cellulose	955:973	Empty CDs were formed by dropping dissolved cellulose into coagulation medium.
29067849	4	11	theme	cellulose	722:730	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	11	theme	cellulose	722:730	arg1	glycol					843:848	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	11	theme	cellulose	722:730	arg1	glycol					879:884	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	11	theme	cellulose	722:730	arg1	cellulose					910:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	8	12	theme	in	1474:1475	arg1	properties					1491:1500	in vitro release properties	1474:1500	in vitro release properties	1474:1500	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	6	13	theme	lidocaine	1169:1177	arg1	hydrochloride					1179:1191	lidocaine hydrochloride	1169:1191	lidocaine hydrochloride	1169:1191	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	14	theme	different	1201:1209	arg1	ratios					1211:1216	five different ratios	1196:1216	five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1196:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	2	15	theme	effective	272:280	arg1	therapy					282:288	effective therapy	272:288	effective therapy	272:288	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	4	16	theme	polyethylene	830:841	arg1	glycol					843:848	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	16	theme	polyethylene	830:841	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	2	17	theme	systemic	406:413	arg1	absorption					415:424	minimal systemic absorption	398:424	minimal systemic absorption	398:424	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	3	18	theme	suitable	521:528	arg1	hardness					530:537	suitable hardness	521:537	suitable hardness	521:537	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	1	19	theme	systemic	166:173	arg1	treatment					185:193	both systemic and local treatment	161:193	both systemic and local treatment of various diseases	161:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	8	20	theme	release	1483:1489	arg1	properties					1491:1500	in vitro release properties	1474:1500	in vitro release properties	1474:1500	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	4	21	theme	porous	762:767	arg1	CD					786:787	CD	786:787	CD	786:787	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	21	theme	porous	762:767	arg1	discs					779:783	porous cellulose discs	762:783	porous cellulose discs (CD)	762:788	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	6	22	theme	different	1040:1048	arg1	solutions					1063:1071	different drug loading solutions	1040:1071	different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1040:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	23	dep	w	1251:1251	arg1	%					1253:1253	%	1253:1253	w:w:w %	1247:1253	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	24	theme	triamcinolone	1141:1153	arg1	acetonide					1155:1163	triamcinolone acetonide	1141:1163	triamcinolone acetonide	1141:1163	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	3	25	theme	sustained	562:570	arg1	release					572:578	sustained release	562:578	sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h)	562:670	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	1	26	theme	local	179:183	arg1	treatment					185:193	both systemic and local treatment	161:193	both systemic and local treatment of various diseases	161:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	4	27	theme	reinforced	711:720	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	27	theme	reinforced	711:720	arg1	glycol					843:848	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	27	theme	reinforced	711:720	arg1	glycol					879:884	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	27	theme	reinforced	711:720	arg1	cellulose					910:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	7	28	theme	drug	1312:1315	arg1	content					1317:1323	drug content	1312:1323	drug content	1312:1323	All formulations were investigated regarding drug content, release, hardness, and mucoadhesive properties.
29067849	8	29	theme	drug	1457:1460	arg1	content					1462:1468	drug content	1457:1468	drug content	1457:1468	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	0	30	theme	cellulose	27:35	arg1	Investigation					0:12	Investigation	0:12	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.	0:96	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	2	31	theme	mouth	355:359	arg1	side					367:370	the mouth ulcer side	351:370	the mouth ulcer side	351:370	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	1	32	theme	Mucoadhesive	98:109	arg1	formulations					111:122	Mucoadhesive formulations	98:122	Mucoadhesive formulations	98:122	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	4	33	theme	different	794:802	arg1	components					812:821	different polymer components	794:821	different polymer components	794:821	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	0	34	theme	dissolved	17:25	arg1	cellulose					27:35	dissolved cellulose	17:35	dissolved cellulose	17:35	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	8	35	theme	further	1507:1513	arg1	studies					1515:1521	further studies	1507:1521	further studies	1507:1521	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	4	36	theme	cellulose	769:777	arg1	CD					786:787	CD	786:787	CD	786:787	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	36	theme	cellulose	769:777	arg1	discs					779:783	porous cellulose discs	762:783	porous cellulose discs (CD)	762:788	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	3	37	theme	extended	641:648	arg1	period					650:655	an extended period	638:655	an extended period of time (∼4 h)	638:670	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	5	38	theme	Empty	921:925	arg1	CDs					927:929	Empty CDs	921:929	Empty CDs	921:929	Empty CDs were formed by dropping dissolved cellulose into coagulation medium.
29067849	1	39	theme	various	198:204	arg1	diseases					206:213	various diseases	198:213	various diseases	198:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	4	40	dep	composites	732:741	arg1	glycol					843:848	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	40	dep	composites	732:741	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	40	dep	composites	732:741	arg1	glycol					879:884	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	40	dep	composites	732:741	arg1	cellulose					910:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	1	41	theme	diseases	206:213	arg1	treatment					185:193	both systemic and local treatment	161:193	both systemic and local treatment of various diseases	161:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	3	42	theme	active	587:592	arg1	ingredients					594:604	the active ingredients	583:604	the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h)	583:670	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	2	43	theme	minimal	398:404	arg1	absorption					415:424	minimal systemic absorption	398:424	minimal systemic absorption	398:424	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	6	44	theme	drug	1050:1053	arg1	solutions					1063:1071	different drug loading solutions	1040:1071	different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1040:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	6	45	theme	solutions	1256:1264	arg1	ratios					1211:1216	five different ratios	1196:1216	five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1196:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	8	46	theme	non-dispersing	1404:1417	arg1	discs					1426:1430	the non-dispersing buccal discs	1400:1430	the non-dispersing buccal discs	1400:1430	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	3	47	theme	ingredients	594:604	arg1	mucoadhesiveness					540:555	mucoadhesiveness	540:555	mucoadhesiveness	540:555	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	3	47	theme	ingredients	594:604	arg1	hardness					530:537	suitable hardness	521:537	suitable hardness	521:537	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	3	47	theme	ingredients	594:604	arg1	release					572:578	sustained release	562:578	sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h)	562:670	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	6	48	theme	empty	1004:1008	arg1	CDs					1017:1019	The empty porous CDs	1000:1019	The empty porous CDs	1000:1019	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	0	49	theme	buccal	55:60	arg1	discs					62:66	buccal discs	55:66	buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery	55:95	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	6	50	theme	PEG	1221:1223	arg1	solutions					1256:1264	PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1221:1264	PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1221:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	2	51	from	side	367:370	arg1	concentration					295:307	the concentration	291:307	the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side	291:370	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	2	52	theme	anesthetics	336:346	arg1	concentration					295:307	the concentration	291:307	the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side	291:370	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	1	53	contain	have	124:127	arg2	scope					136:140	a wide scope	129:140	a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases	129:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	1	53	contain	have	124:127	arg1	formulations					111:122	Mucoadhesive formulations	98:122	Mucoadhesive formulations	98:122	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	4	54	theme	polyethylene	866:877	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	54	theme	polyethylene	866:877	arg1	glycol					879:884	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	55	theme	polymer	804:810	arg1	components					812:821	different polymer components	794:821	different polymer components	794:821	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	3	56	theme	cellulose-based	478:492	arg1	formulations					494:505	cellulose-based formulations	478:505	cellulose-based formulations	478:505	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	8	57	contain	had	1432:1434	arg2	hardness					1447:1454	sufficient hardness	1436:1454	sufficient hardness	1436:1454	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	8	57	contain	had	1432:1434	arg1	discs					1426:1430	the non-dispersing buccal discs	1400:1430	the non-dispersing buccal discs	1400:1430	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	8	57	contain	had	1432:1434	arg2	content					1462:1468	drug content	1457:1468	drug content	1457:1468	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	8	57	contain	had	1432:1434	arg2	properties					1491:1500	in vitro release properties	1474:1500	in vitro release properties	1474:1500	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	8	58	theme	buccal	1419:1424	arg1	discs					1426:1430	the non-dispersing buccal discs	1400:1430	the non-dispersing buccal discs	1400:1430	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	6	59	theme	6000	1225:1228	arg1	solutions					1256:1264	PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1221:1264	PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions	1221:1264	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	1	60	theme	wide	131:134	arg1	scope					136:140	a wide scope	129:140	a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases	129:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	8	61	theme	proper	1545:1550	arg1	mucoadhesiveness					1552:1567	proper mucoadhesiveness	1545:1567	proper mucoadhesiveness	1545:1567	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	6	62	theme	acetonide	1155:1163	arg1	concentrations					1123:1136	three different concentrations	1107:1136	three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride	1107:1191	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	8	63	theme	sufficient	1436:1445	arg1	hardness					1447:1454	sufficient hardness	1436:1454	sufficient hardness	1436:1454	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	2	64	theme	stomatitis	250:259	arg1	case					223:226	the case	219:226	the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis	219:259	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	7	65	theme	mucoadhesive	1349:1360	arg1	properties					1362:1371	mucoadhesive properties	1349:1371	mucoadhesive properties	1349:1371	All formulations were investigated regarding drug content, release, hardness, and mucoadhesive properties.
29067849	2	66	theme	corticosteroids	312:326	arg1	concentration					295:307	the concentration	291:307	the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side	291:370	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	3	67	theme	study	453:457	arg1	aim					442:444	the aim	438:444	the aim of the study	438:457	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	4	68	theme	polymer	703:709	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	68	theme	polymer	703:709	arg1	glycol					843:848	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000)	830:863	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	68	theme	polymer	703:709	arg1	glycol					879:884	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400)	866:897	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	68	theme	polymer	703:709	arg1	cellulose					910:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	3	69	theme	time	660:663	arg1	period					650:655	an extended period	638:655	an extended period of time (∼4 h)	638:670	Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate cellulose-based formulations, in achieving suitable hardness, mucoadhesiveness, and sustained release of the active ingredients directed towards the mucosa for an extended period of time (∼4 h).
29067849	2	70	theme	aphthous	241:248	arg1	stomatitis					250:259	recurrent aphthous stomatitis	231:259	recurrent aphthous stomatitis	231:259	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	2	71	theme	ulcer	361:365	arg1	side					367:370	the mouth ulcer side	351:370	the mouth ulcer side	351:370	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	8	72	dep	in	1474:1475	arg1	vitro					1477:1481	vitro	1477:1481	vitro	1477:1481	The results indicate that the non-dispersing buccal discs had sufficient hardness, drug content and in vitro release properties, but further studies are needed to achieve proper mucoadhesiveness.
29067849	0	73	theme	discs	62:66	arg1	development					40:50	development	40:50	development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery	40:95	Investigation of dissolved cellulose in development of buccal discs for oromucosal drug delivery.
29067849	6	74	theme	different	1113:1121	arg1	concentrations					1123:1136	three different concentrations	1107:1136	three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride	1107:1191	The empty porous CDs were immersed into different drug loading solutions which were prepared by dissolving three different concentrations of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine hydrochloride in five different ratios of PEG 6000:PEG 400:ethanol (w:w:w %) solutions.
29067849	2	75	theme	recurrent	231:239	arg1	stomatitis					250:259	recurrent aphthous stomatitis	231:259	recurrent aphthous stomatitis	231:259	In the case of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, to ensure effective therapy, the concentration of corticosteroids, and/or anesthetics at the mouth ulcer side should be maintained with minimal systemic absorption.
29067849	1	76	theme	application	145:155	arg1	scope					136:140	a wide scope	129:140	a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases	129:213	Mucoadhesive formulations have a wide scope of application for both systemic and local treatment of various diseases.
29067849	4	77	theme	ethyl	904:908	arg1	composites					732:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites	703:741	polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose	703:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29067849	4	77	theme	ethyl	904:908	arg1	cellulose					910:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	ethyl cellulose	904:918	This was examined by creating polymer reinforced cellulose composites which consisted of porous cellulose discs (CD) and different polymer components namely polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), and ethyl cellulose.
29122477	0	0	theme	vegetable	88:96	arg1	soybean					98:104	vegetable soybean	88:104	vegetable soybean	88:104	Development and characterization of an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage based on vegetable soybean.
29122477	4	1	theme	vegetable	564:572	arg1	soybeans					574:581	vegetable soybeans	564:581	vegetable soybeans	564:581	The soymilk from vegetable soybeans was fermented in just 3.2h, when pH reached 4.8.
29122477	7	2	theme	fermented	903:911	arg1	soymilk					913:919	the fermented soymilk	899:919	the fermented soymilk	899:919	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	3	3	theme	fructooligosaccharides	393:414	arg1	effect					383:388	The effect	379:388	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C	379:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	8	4	with	product	1136:1142	arg1	content					1157:1163	a lower content	1149:1163	a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1149:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	2	5	theme	fermented	314:322	arg1	beverage					324:331	the fermented beverage	310:331	the fermented beverage	310:331	The composition of the fermented beverage and oligosaccharides content were determined.
29122477	6	6	theme	animalis	775:782	arg1	viability					759:767	viability	759:767	viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage	759:828	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	8	7	theme	fermented	1014:1022	arg1	matrix					1081:1086	a good food matrix	1069:1086	a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1069:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	7	theme	fermented	1014:1022	arg1	soymilk					1024:1030	The fermented soymilk	1010:1030	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans	1010:1054	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	8	theme	non-digestible	1168:1181	arg1	oligosaccharides					1183:1198	non-digestible oligosaccharides	1168:1198	non-digestible oligosaccharides	1168:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	3	9	dep	time	447:450	arg1	the					430:432	the	430:432	the	430:432	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	1	10	theme	acidophilus	194:204	arg1	La-5					206:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	1	10	theme	acidophilus	194:204	arg1	Bb-12					237:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	4	11	from	soybeans	574:581	arg1	soymilk					551:557	The soymilk	547:557	The soymilk from vegetable soybeans	547:581	The soymilk from vegetable soybeans was fermented in just 3.2h, when pH reached 4.8.
29122477	5	12	theme	stachyose	669:677	arg1	contents					657:664	the contents	653:664	the contents of stachyose and raffinose in soymilk	653:702	Fermentation reduced the contents of stachyose and raffinose in soymilk.
29122477	3	13	from	5°C	527:529	arg1	storage					516:522	storage	516:522	storage at 5°C	516:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	3	13	from	5°C	527:529	arg1	days					508:511	28 days	505:511	28 days of storage at 5°C	505:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	8	14	theme	oligosaccharides	1183:1198	arg1	content					1157:1163	a lower content	1149:1163	a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1149:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	1	15	theme	Lactobacillus	180:192	arg1	La-5					206:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	1	15	theme	Lactobacillus	180:192	arg1	Bb-12					237:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	6	16	contain	had	716:718	arg2	effect					723:728	no effect	720:728	no effect	720:728	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	6	16	contain	had	716:718	arg1	Prebiotics					705:714	Prebiotics	705:714	Prebiotics	705:714	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	7	17	theme	acidophilus	963:973	arg1	La-5					975:978	L. acidophilus La-5	960:978	L. acidophilus La-5	960:978	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	2	18	theme	content	354:360	arg1	composition					295:305	The composition	291:305	The composition of the fermented beverage and oligosaccharides content	291:360	The composition of the fermented beverage and oligosaccharides content were determined.
29122477	6	19	theme	acidification	733:745	arg1	rate					747:750	acidification rate	733:750	acidification rate	733:750	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	3	20	theme	probiotic	469:477	arg1	microorganisms					479:492	probiotic microorganisms	469:492	probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C	469:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	3	21	theme	fermentation	434:445	arg1	time					447:450	fermentation time	434:450	fermentation time	434:450	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	5	22	theme	raffinose	683:691	arg1	contents					657:664	the contents	653:664	the contents of stachyose and raffinose in soymilk	653:702	Fermentation reduced the contents of stachyose and raffinose in soymilk.
29122477	6	23	theme	fermented	811:819	arg1	beverage					821:828	the fermented beverage	807:828	the fermented beverage	807:828	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	1	24	dep	probiotics	168:177	arg1	La-5					206:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	1	24	dep	probiotics	168:177	arg1	Bb-12					237:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	7	25	theme	Bb-12	864:868	arg1	counts					842:847	The viable counts	831:847	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12	831:868	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	3	26	theme	microorganisms	479:492	arg1	viability					456:464	viability	456:464	viability	456:464	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	3	26	theme	microorganisms	479:492	arg1	time					447:450	fermentation time	434:450	fermentation time	434:450	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	3	27	theme	inulin	420:425	arg1	effect					383:388	The effect	379:388	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C	379:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	8	28	theme	probiotic	1099:1107	arg1	bacteria					1109:1116	probiotic bacteria	1099:1116	probiotic bacteria	1099:1116	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	29	theme	vegetable	1037:1045	arg1	soybeans					1047:1054	vegetable soybeans	1037:1054	vegetable soybeans	1037:1054	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	30	theme	food	1076:1079	arg1	matrix					1081:1086	a good food matrix	1069:1086	a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1069:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	30	theme	food	1076:1079	arg1	soymilk					1024:1030	The fermented soymilk	1010:1030	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans	1010:1054	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	3	31	theme	storage	516:522	arg1	days					508:511	28 days	505:511	28 days of storage at 5°C	505:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	2	32	theme	oligosaccharides	337:352	arg1	content					354:360	oligosaccharides content	337:360	oligosaccharides content	337:360	The composition of the fermented beverage and oligosaccharides content were determined.
29122477	3	33	from	effect	383:388	arg1	viability					456:464	viability	456:464	viability	456:464	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	3	33	from	effect	383:388	arg1	time					447:450	fermentation time	434:450	fermentation time	434:450	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	2	34	theme	beverage	324:331	arg1	composition					295:305	The composition	291:305	The composition of the fermented beverage and oligosaccharides content	291:360	The composition of the fermented beverage and oligosaccharides content were determined.
29122477	7	35	theme	B.	852:853	arg1	Bb-12					864:868	B. animalis Bb-12	852:868	B. animalis Bb-12	852:868	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	1	36	theme	Bifidobacterium	212:226	arg1	La-5					206:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	1	36	theme	Bifidobacterium	212:226	arg1	Bb-12					237:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	0	37	theme	innovative	39:48	arg1	beverage					70:77	an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage	36:77	an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage	36:77	Development and characterization of an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage based on vegetable soybean.
29122477	7	38	theme	viable	835:840	arg1	counts					842:847	The viable counts	831:847	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12	831:868	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	7	39	theme	animalis	855:862	arg1	Bb-12					864:868	B. animalis Bb-12	852:868	B. animalis Bb-12	852:868	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	1	40	theme	animalis	228:235	arg1	La-5					206:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5	180:209	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	1	40	theme	animalis	228:235	arg1	Bb-12					237:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12	212:241	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	7	41	from	days	931:934	arg1	5°C					950:952	5°C	950:952	5°C	950:952	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	3	42	from	days	508:511	arg1	5°C					527:529	5°C	527:529	5°C	527:529	The effect of fructooligosaccharides and inulin on the fermentation time and viability of probiotic microorganisms throughout 28 days of storage at 5°C were evaluated.
29122477	0	43	theme	fermented	60:68	arg1	beverage					70:77	an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage	36:77	an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage	36:77	Development and characterization of an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage based on vegetable soybean.
29122477	8	44	theme	soy	1132:1134	arg1	product					1136:1142	a soy product	1130:1142	a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1130:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	6	45	theme	thermophilus	791:802	arg1	viability					759:767	viability	759:767	viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage	759:828	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	7	46	from	5°C	950:952	arg1	storage					939:945	storage	939:945	storage at 5°C	939:952	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	7	46	from	5°C	950:952	arg1	days					931:934	28 days	928:934	28 days of storage at 5°C	928:952	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	0	47	theme	synbiotic	50:58	arg1	beverage					70:77	an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage	36:77	an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage	36:77	Development and characterization of an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage based on vegetable soybean.
29122477	8	48	theme	good	1071:1074	arg1	matrix					1081:1086	a good food matrix	1069:1086	a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1069:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	48	theme	good	1071:1074	arg1	soymilk					1024:1030	The fermented soymilk	1010:1030	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans	1010:1054	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	7	49	theme	storage	939:945	arg1	days					931:934	28 days	928:934	28 days of storage at 5°C	928:952	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	7	50	theme	L.	960:961	arg1	La-5					975:978	L. acidophilus La-5	960:978	L. acidophilus La-5	960:978	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	1	51	theme	vegetable	133:141	arg1	soybean					143:149	vegetable soybean	133:149	vegetable soybean	133:149	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	8	52	with	bacteria	1109:1116	arg1	content					1157:1163	a lower content	1149:1163	a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1149:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	7	53	from	108CFUmL-1	885:894	arg1	soymilk					913:919	the fermented soymilk	899:919	the fermented soymilk	899:919	The viable counts of B. animalis Bb-12 remained above 108CFUmL-1 in the fermented soymilk during 28 days of storage at 5°C while L. acidophilus La-5 was decreased by 1logCFUmL-1.
29122477	1	54	with	co-culture	247:256	arg1	thermophilus					277:288	Streptococcus thermophilus	263:288	Streptococcus thermophilus	263:288	Soymilk was produced from vegetable soybean and fermented by probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12) in co-culture with Streptococcus thermophilus.
29122477	6	55	from	viability	759:767	arg1	beverage					821:828	the fermented beverage	807:828	the fermented beverage	807:828	Prebiotics had no effect on acidification rate and on viability of B. animalis and S. thermophilus in the fermented beverage.
29122477	8	56	from	soybeans	1047:1054	arg1	matrix					1081:1086	a good food matrix	1069:1086	a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1069:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	8	56	from	soybeans	1047:1054	arg1	soymilk					1024:1030	The fermented soymilk	1010:1030	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans	1010:1054	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
29122477	0	57	theme	beverage	70:77	arg1	characterization					16:31	characterization	16:31	characterization	16:31	Development and characterization of an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage based on vegetable soybean.
29122477	0	57	theme	beverage	70:77	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and characterization of an innovative synbiotic fermented beverage based on vegetable soybean.
29122477	5	58	from	contents	657:664	arg1	soymilk					696:702	soymilk	696:702	soymilk	696:702	Fermentation reduced the contents of stachyose and raffinose in soymilk.
29122477	8	59	theme	lower	1151:1155	arg1	content					1157:1163	a lower content	1149:1163	a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides	1149:1198	The fermented soymilk from vegetable soybeans showed to be a good food matrix to deliver probiotic bacteria, as well as a soy product with a lower content of non-digestible oligosaccharides.
25110655	0	0	theme	bone	98:101	arg1	scaffold					103:110	bone scaffold	98:110	bone scaffold	98:110	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	4	1	theme	bone	748:751	arg1	growth					753:758	new bone growth	744:758	new bone growth	744:758	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	2	2	theme	osteoblast	508:517	arg1	cells					519:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	2	3	theme	composition	369:379	arg1	mixture					381:387	varying composition mixture	361:387	varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP	361:398	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	1	4	theme	nano	266:269	arg1	powder/nCP					284:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	1	4	theme	nano	266:269	arg1	biomineral					254:263	a naturally obtained biomineral	233:263	a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques	233:328	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	5	theme	rates	1080:1084	arg1	terms					999:1003	terms	999:1003	terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates	999:1084	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	4	6	theme	subsequent	806:815	arg1	characteristics					827:841	subsequent favorable characteristics	806:841	subsequent favorable characteristics	806:841	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	4	7	theme	combination	778:788	arg1	mixtures					790:797	not all combination mixtures	770:797	not all combination mixtures	770:797	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	1	8	theme	cockle	271:276	arg1	powder/nCP					284:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	1	8	theme	cockle	271:276	arg1	biomineral					254:263	a naturally obtained biomineral	233:263	a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques	233:328	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	9	theme	strength	1019:1026	arg1	terms					999:1003	terms	999:1003	terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates	999:1084	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	10	theme	60	947:948	arg1	%					949:949	%	949:949	%	949:949	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	1	11	theme	shell	278:282	arg1	powder/nCP					284:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	1	11	theme	shell	278:282	arg1	biomineral					254:263	a naturally obtained biomineral	233:263	a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques	233:328	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	4	12	theme	new	744:746	arg1	growth					753:758	new bone growth	744:758	new bone growth	744:758	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	2	13	theme	varying	361:367	arg1	mixture					381:387	varying composition mixture	361:387	varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP	361:398	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	5	14	theme	40	935:936	arg1	%					937:937	%	937:937	%	937:937	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	1	15	theme	natural	182:188	arg1	alginate/Alg					199:210	alginate/Alg	199:210	alginate/Alg	199:210	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	1	15	theme	natural	182:188	arg1	polymer					190:196	a natural polymer	180:196	a natural polymer (alginate/Alg)	180:211	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	16	theme	application	1163:1173	arg1	prospects					1175:1183	future application prospects	1156:1183	future application prospects	1156:1183	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	2	17	theme	human	502:506	arg1	cells					519:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	4	18	theme	favorable	817:825	arg1	characteristics					827:841	subsequent favorable characteristics	806:841	subsequent favorable characteristics	806:841	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	5	19	theme	future	1156:1161	arg1	prospects					1175:1183	future application prospects	1156:1183	future application prospects	1156:1183	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	20	theme	%	949:949	arg1	nCP					951:953	60% nCP	947:953	60% nCP	947:953	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	2	21	from	studies	486:492	arg1	cells					519:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	4	22	theme	ideal	721:725	arg1	sizes					715:719	pore sizes	710:719	pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth	710:758	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	2	23	theme	in	477:478	arg1	studies					486:492	preliminary in vitro studies	465:492	various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells	424:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	2	24	dep	in	477:478	arg1	vitro					480:484	vitro	480:484	vitro	480:484	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	4	25	theme	pore	710:713	arg1	sizes					715:719	pore sizes	710:719	pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth	710:758	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	3	26	theme	different	613:621	arg1	ratios					643:648	different Alg-nCP composition ratios	613:648	different Alg-nCP composition ratios	613:648	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	5	27	theme	%	937:937	arg1	Alg					939:941	40% Alg	935:941	40% Alg	935:941	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	2	28	theme	preliminary	465:475	arg1	studies					486:492	preliminary in vitro studies	465:492	various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells	424:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	1	29	with	combination	216:226	arg1	powder/nCP					284:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	1	29	with	combination	216:226	arg1	biomineral					254:263	a naturally obtained biomineral	233:263	a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques	233:328	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	30	theme	cell	1061:1064	arg1	rates					1080:1084	increased cell proliferation rates	1051:1084	increased cell proliferation rates	1051:1084	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	31	with	Alg-nCP	1143:1149	arg1	prospects					1175:1183	future application prospects	1156:1183	future application prospects	1156:1183	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	32	theme	composition	1120:1130	arg1	mixture					1132:1138	the optimum composition mixture	1108:1138	the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects	1108:1183	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	1	33	theme	novel	115:119	arg1	scaffold					151:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	34	theme	Alg	939:941	arg1	mixture					924:930	the combination mixture	908:930	the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP	908:953	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	0	35	theme	porous	42:47	arg1	powder					74:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	1	36	theme	lyophilization	304:317	arg1	techniques					319:328	lyophilization techniques	304:328	lyophilization techniques	304:328	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	3	37	theme	ratios	643:648	arg1	use					606:608	the use	602:608	the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios	602:648	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	3	38	with	structures	586:595	arg1	use					606:608	the use	602:608	the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios	602:648	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	2	39	theme	MG63	497:500	arg1	cells					519:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	0	40	theme	novel	36:40	arg1	powder					74:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	4	41	theme	biological	858:867	arg1	applications					869:880	biological applications	858:880	biological applications	858:880	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	5	42	theme	combination	912:922	arg1	mixture					924:930	the combination mixture	908:930	the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP	908:953	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	2	43	theme	evaluation	432:441	arg1	techniques					443:452	various evaluation techniques	424:452	various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells	424:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	0	44	theme	alginate-cockle	52:66	arg1	powder					74:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	5	45	theme	Alg-nCP	1143:1149	arg1	mixture					1132:1138	the optimum composition mixture	1108:1138	the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects	1108:1183	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	3	46	theme	Alg-nCP	623:629	arg1	ratios					643:648	different Alg-nCP composition ratios	613:648	different Alg-nCP composition ratios	613:648	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	1	47	theme	porous	121:126	arg1	scaffold					151:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	0	48	theme	3D	49:50	arg1	powder					74:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	2	49	theme	various	424:430	arg1	techniques					443:452	various evaluation techniques	424:452	various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells	424:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	4	50	with	structure	695:703	arg1	sizes					715:719	pore sizes	710:719	pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth	710:758	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	3	51	theme	composition	631:641	arg1	ratios					643:648	different Alg-nCP composition ratios	613:648	different Alg-nCP composition ratios	613:648	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	1	52	theme	three-dimensional	128:144	arg1	scaffold					151:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	53	theme	optimum	1112:1118	arg1	mixture					1132:1138	the optimum composition mixture	1108:1138	the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects	1108:1183	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	54	theme	rate	1041:1044	arg1	terms					999:1003	terms	999:1003	terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates	999:1084	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	55	theme	proliferation	1066:1078	arg1	rates					1080:1084	increased cell proliferation rates	1051:1084	increased cell proliferation rates	1051:1084	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	1	56	theme	bone	146:149	arg1	scaffold					151:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold	113:158	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	5	57	theme	degradation	1029:1039	arg1	rate					1041:1044	degradation rate	1029:1044	degradation rate	1029:1044	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	58	theme	nCP	951:953	arg1	mixture					924:930	the combination mixture	908:930	the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP	908:953	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	5	59	theme	mechanical	1008:1017	arg1	strength					1019:1026	mechanical strength	1008:1026	mechanical strength	1008:1026	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	2	60	from	techniques	443:452	arg1	cells					519:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	MG63 human osteoblast cells	497:523	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	5	61	theme	promising	978:986	arg1	results					988:994	significantly promising results	964:994	significantly promising results	964:994	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	0	62	theme	powder	74:79	arg1	characterization					16:31	characterization	16:31	characterization	16:31	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	0	62	theme	powder	74:79	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	4	63	theme	porous	688:693	arg1	structure					695:703	a porous structure	686:703	a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth	686:758	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
25110655	3	64	from	variations	572:581	arg1	structures					586:595	structures	586:595	structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios	586:648	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	2	65	theme	Alg-nCP	392:398	arg1	mixture					381:387	varying composition mixture	361:387	varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP	361:398	The scaffold was developed in varying composition mixture of Alg-nCP and characterized using various evaluation techniques as well as preliminary in vitro studies on MG63 human osteoblast cells.
25110655	1	66	theme	obtained	245:252	arg1	powder/nCP					284:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	nano cockle shell powder/nCP	266:293	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	1	66	theme	obtained	245:252	arg1	biomineral					254:263	a naturally obtained biomineral	233:263	a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques	233:328	A novel porous three-dimensional bone scaffold was developed using a natural polymer (alginate/Alg) in combination with a naturally obtained biomineral (nano cockle shell powder/nCP) through lyophilization techniques.
25110655	0	67	theme	shell	68:72	arg1	powder					74:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder	36:79	Development and characterization of novel porous 3D alginate-cockle shell powder nanobiocomposite bone scaffold.
25110655	5	68	theme	increased	1051:1059	arg1	rates					1080:1084	increased cell proliferation rates	1051:1084	increased cell proliferation rates	1051:1084	Scaffolds produced using the combination mixture of 40% Alg and 60% nCP produced significantly promising results in terms of mechanical strength, degradation rate, and increased cell proliferation rates making it potentially the optimum composition mixture of Alg-nCP with future application prospects.
25110655	3	69	theme	Morphological	526:538	arg1	observations					540:551	Morphological observations	526:551	Morphological observations using SEM	526:561	Morphological observations using SEM revealed variations in structures with the use of different Alg-nCP composition ratios.
25110655	4	70	theme	developed	659:667	arg1	scaffolds					669:677	All the developed scaffolds	651:677	All the developed scaffolds	651:677	All the developed scaffolds showed a porous structure with pore sizes ideal for facilitating new bone growth; however, not all combination mixtures showed subsequent favorable characteristics to be used for biological applications.
27516303	0	0	theme	biopolymer	83:92	arg1	film					94:97	functional biopolymer film	72:97	functional biopolymer film	72:97	Halloysite nanotubes loaded with peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film.
27516303	3	1	theme	electron	681:688	arg1	methods					622:628	several methods	614:628	several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy)	614:700	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	1	theme	electron	681:688	arg1	microscopy					690:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	9	2	theme	functional	1889:1898	arg1	film					1919:1922	a functional sustainable edible film	1887:1922	a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1887:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	6	3	theme	food	1316:1319	arg1	solvent					1330:1336	food simulant solvent	1316:1336	food simulant solvent	1316:1336	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	4	4	theme	pectin+HNT/CB[6	839:853	arg1	biofilm					856:862	a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm	837:862	a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm	837:862	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	3	5	theme	thermal	784:790	arg1	behavior					792:799	thermal behavior	784:799	thermal behavior	784:799	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	0	6	theme	functional	72:81	arg1	film					94:97	functional biopolymer film	72:97	functional biopolymer film	72:97	Halloysite nanotubes loaded with peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film.
27516303	7	7	dep	coli	1582:1585	arg1	Gram-negative					1588:1600	Gram-negative	1588:1600	Gram-negative	1588:1600	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	3	8	from	influence	719:727	arg1	morphology					805:814	morphology	805:814	morphology	805:814	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	8	from	influence	719:727	arg1	composition					771:781	composition	771:781	composition	771:781	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	8	from	influence	719:727	arg1	behavior					792:799	thermal behavior	784:799	thermal behavior	784:799	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	9	9	theme	sustainable	1900:1910	arg1	film					1919:1922	a functional sustainable edible film	1887:1922	a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1887:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	7	10	theme	in	1515:1516	arg1	activity					1538:1545	the in vitro antibacterial activity	1511:1545	the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively	1511:1699	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	3	11	theme	filler	823:828	arg1	morphology					805:814	morphology	805:814	morphology	805:814	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	11	theme	filler	823:828	arg1	composition					771:781	composition	771:781	composition	771:781	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	11	theme	filler	823:828	arg1	behavior					792:799	thermal behavior	784:799	thermal behavior	784:799	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	5	12	theme	Water	1035:1039	arg1	measurements					1055:1066	Water contact angle measurements	1035:1066	Water contact angle measurements	1035:1066	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	5	13	theme	tensile	1090:1096	arg1	tests					1098:1102	tensile tests	1090:1102	tensile tests	1090:1102	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	6	14	theme	nanocomposite	1435:1447	arg1	film					1449:1452	the nanocomposite film	1431:1452	the nanocomposite film	1431:1452	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	4	15	theme	PO	998:999	arg1	entrapment					971:980	the entrapment	967:980	the entrapment of the volatile PO	967:999	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	5	16	theme	thermo-mechanical	1156:1172	arg1	properties					1190:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties	1152:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1152:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	1	17	theme	essential	343:351	arg1	PO					369:370	PO	369:370	PO	369:370	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	17	theme	essential	343:351	arg1	oil					364:366	the essential peppermint oil	339:366	the essential peppermint oil (PO)	339:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	8	18	theme	food	1815:1818	arg1	conservation					1820:1831	a multi-step food conservation	1802:1831	a multi-step food conservation	1802:1831	These experiments were carried out at specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation.
27516303	9	19	with	film	1919:1922	arg1	activity					1972:1979	thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1929:1979	thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1929:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	4	20	theme	casting	895:901	arg1	method					903:908	the casting method	891:908	the casting method	891:908	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	1	21	theme	peppermint	353:362	arg1	PO					369:370	PO	369:370	PO	369:370	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	21	theme	peppermint	353:362	arg1	oil					364:366	the essential peppermint oil	339:366	the essential peppermint oil (PO)	339:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	8	22	theme	specific	1740:1747	arg1	temperatures					1749:1760	specific temperatures	1740:1760	specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation	1740:1831	These experiments were carried out at specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation.
27516303	1	23	theme	functional	143:152	arg1	film					171:174	a functional bionanocomposite film	141:174	a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	141:225	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	6	24	theme	PO	1302:1303	arg1	release					1305:1311	PO release	1302:1311	PO release in food simulant solvent	1302:1336	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	3	25	theme	FT-IR	649:653	arg1	spectroscopy					655:666	FT-IR spectroscopy	649:666	FT-IR spectroscopy	649:666	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	25	theme	FT-IR	649:653	arg1	methods					622:628	several methods	614:628	several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy)	614:700	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	9	26	theme	thermo-sensitive	1929:1944	arg1	activity					1972:1979	thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1929:1979	thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1929:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	7	27	theme	antibacterial	1524:1536	arg1	activity					1538:1545	the in vitro antibacterial activity	1511:1545	the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively	1511:1699	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	5	28	theme	contact	1041:1047	arg1	measurements					1055:1066	Water contact angle measurements	1035:1066	Water contact angle measurements	1035:1066	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	1	29	theme	bionanocomposite	154:169	arg1	film					171:174	a functional bionanocomposite film	141:174	a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	141:225	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	4	30	theme	specific	916:923	arg1	conditions					938:947	specific experimental conditions	916:947	specific experimental conditions	916:947	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	2	31	theme	HPLC	554:557	arg1	experiments					559:569	HPLC experiments	554:569	HPLC experiments	554:569	Firstly, HNT surfaces were functionalized with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules with the aim to enhance the affinity of the nanofiller towards PO, which was estimated by means of HPLC experiments.
27516303	9	32	theme	antioxidant/antimicrobial	1946:1970	arg1	activity					1972:1979	thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1929:1979	thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1929:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	3	33	theme	scanning	672:679	arg1	methods					622:628	several methods	614:628	several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy)	614:700	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	33	theme	scanning	672:679	arg1	microscopy					690:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	34	dep	methods	622:628	arg1	thermogravimetry					631:646	thermogravimetry	631:646	thermogravimetry	631:646	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	34	dep	methods	622:628	arg1	spectroscopy					655:666	FT-IR spectroscopy	649:666	FT-IR spectroscopy	649:666	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	34	dep	methods	622:628	arg1	methods					622:628	several methods	614:628	several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy)	614:700	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	34	dep	methods	622:628	arg1	microscopy					690:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	8	35	dep	temperatures	1749:1760	arg1	4					1763:1763	4	1763:1763	4	1763:1763	These experiments were carried out at specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation.
27516303	8	35	dep	temperatures	1749:1760	arg1	65°C					1773:1776	65°C	1773:1776	65°C	1773:1776	These experiments were carried out at specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation.
27516303	8	35	dep	temperatures	1749:1760	arg1	37					1766:1767	37	1766:1767	37	1766:1767	These experiments were carried out at specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation.
27516303	5	36	from	effects	1118:1124	arg1	properties					1190:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties	1152:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1152:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	1	37	theme	pectin	273:278	arg1	matrix					280:285	a pectin matrix	271:285	a pectin matrix	271:285	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	2	38	theme	nanofiller	499:508	arg1	affinity					483:490	the affinity	479:490	the affinity of the nanofiller towards PO, which was estimated by means of HPLC experiments	479:569	Firstly, HNT surfaces were functionalized with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules with the aim to enhance the affinity of the nanofiller towards PO, which was estimated by means of HPLC experiments.
27516303	6	39	theme	simulant	1321:1328	arg1	solvent					1330:1336	food simulant solvent	1316:1336	food simulant solvent	1316:1336	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	7	40	dep	in	1515:1516	arg1	vitro					1518:1522	vitro	1518:1522	vitro	1518:1522	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	1	41	theme	matrix	280:285	arg1	filling					260:266	the filling	256:266	the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO)	256:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	5	42	theme	modified	1133:1140	arg1	filler					1142:1147	the modified filler	1129:1147	the modified filler	1129:1147	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	6	43	theme	film	1449:1452	arg1	activity					1419:1426	the antioxidant activity	1403:1426	the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film	1403:1452	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	5	44	theme	biocomposite	1270:1281	arg1	film					1283:1286	the biocomposite film	1266:1286	the biocomposite film	1266:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	1	45	theme	antioxidant	186:196	arg1	activities					216:225	both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	181:225	both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	181:225	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	0	46	theme	essential	44:52	arg1	oil					54:56	peppermint essential oil	33:56	peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film	33:97	Halloysite nanotubes loaded with peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film.
27516303	5	47	theme	filler	1142:1147	arg1	effects					1118:1124	the effects	1114:1124	the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1114:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	7	48	theme	biofilm	1554:1560	arg1	activity					1538:1545	the in vitro antibacterial activity	1511:1545	the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively	1511:1699	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	5	49	theme	film	1283:1286	arg1	structure					1253:1261	the microscopic structure	1237:1261	the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1237:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	2	50	theme	HNT	383:385	arg1	surfaces					387:394	HNT surfaces	383:394	HNT surfaces	383:394	Firstly, HNT surfaces were functionalized with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules with the aim to enhance the affinity of the nanofiller towards PO, which was estimated by means of HPLC experiments.
27516303	0	51	theme	peppermint	33:42	arg1	oil					54:56	peppermint essential oil	33:56	peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film	33:97	Halloysite nanotubes loaded with peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film.
27516303	1	52	theme	modified	292:299	arg1	HNT					323:325	HNT	323:325	HNT	323:325	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	52	theme	modified	292:299	arg1	nanotubes					312:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes	292:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO)	292:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	6	53	dep	temperatures	1368:1379	arg1	25°C					1388:1391	25°C	1388:1391	25°C	1388:1391	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	6	53	dep	temperatures	1368:1379	arg1	4					1382:1382	4	1382:1382	4	1382:1382	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	1	54	with	filling	260:266	arg1	HNT					323:325	HNT	323:325	HNT	323:325	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	54	with	filling	260:266	arg1	nanotubes					312:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes	292:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO)	292:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	55	theme	antimicrobial	202:214	arg1	activities					216:225	both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	181:225	both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	181:225	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	6	56	theme	different	1358:1366	arg1	temperatures					1368:1379	different temperatures	1358:1379	different temperatures (4 and 25°C)	1358:1392	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	1	57	theme	Halloysite	301:310	arg1	HNT					323:325	HNT	323:325	HNT	323:325	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	57	theme	Halloysite	301:310	arg1	nanotubes					312:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes	292:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO)	292:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	58	with	film	171:174	arg1	activities					216:225	both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	181:225	both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities	181:225	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	3	59	theme	HNT/CB[6	576:583	arg1	hybrid					586:591	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid	572:591	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid	572:591	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	5	60	theme	angle	1049:1053	arg1	measurements					1055:1066	Water contact angle measurements	1035:1066	Water contact angle measurements	1035:1066	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	2	61	theme	uril	432:435	arg1	molecules					445:453	cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules	421:453	cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules	421:453	Firstly, HNT surfaces were functionalized with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules with the aim to enhance the affinity of the nanofiller towards PO, which was estimated by means of HPLC experiments.
27516303	8	62	theme	multi-step	1804:1813	arg1	conservation					1820:1831	a multi-step food conservation	1802:1831	a multi-step food conservation	1802:1831	These experiments were carried out at specific temperatures (4, 37 and 65°C) that can be useful for a multi-step food conservation.
27516303	3	63	dep	composition	771:781	arg1	the					767:769	the	767:769	the	767:769	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	9	64	theme	easy	1862:1865	arg1	strategy					1867:1874	an easy strategy	1859:1874	an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1859:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	1	65	contain	containing	328:337	arg2	PO					369:370	PO	369:370	PO	369:370	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	65	contain	containing	328:337	arg1	HNT					323:325	HNT	323:325	HNT	323:325	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	65	contain	containing	328:337	arg2	oil					364:366	the essential peppermint oil	339:366	the essential peppermint oil (PO)	339:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	1	65	contain	containing	328:337	arg1	nanotubes					312:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes	292:320	modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO)	292:371	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	4	66	theme	nanocomposite	1010:1022	arg1	structure					1024:1032	the nanocomposite structure	1006:1032	the nanocomposite structure	1006:1032	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	3	67	theme	several	614:620	arg1	thermogravimetry					631:646	thermogravimetry	631:646	thermogravimetry	631:646	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	67	theme	several	614:620	arg1	spectroscopy					655:666	FT-IR spectroscopy	649:666	FT-IR spectroscopy	649:666	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	67	theme	several	614:620	arg1	methods					622:628	several methods	614:628	several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy)	614:700	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	3	67	theme	several	614:620	arg1	microscopy					690:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	scanning electron microscopy	672:699	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	9	68	theme	edible	1912:1917	arg1	film					1919:1922	a functional sustainable edible film	1887:1922	a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity	1887:1979	This paper puts forwards an easy strategy to prepare a functional sustainable edible film with thermo-sensitive antioxidant/antimicrobial activity.
27516303	1	69	theme	paper	120:124	arg1	purpose					104:110	The purpose	100:110	The purpose of this paper	100:124	The purpose of this paper is to show how a functional bionanocomposite film with both antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was successfully prepared by the filling of a pectin matrix with modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) containing the essential peppermint oil (PO).
27516303	7	70	theme	cow	1678:1680	arg1	milk					1682:1685	beef and cow milk	1669:1685	beef and cow milk	1669:1685	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	5	71	theme	wettability	1178:1188	arg1	properties					1190:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties	1152:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1152:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	6	72	from	release	1305:1311	arg1	solvent					1330:1336	food simulant solvent	1316:1336	food simulant solvent	1316:1336	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	5	73	theme	microscopic	1241:1251	arg1	structure					1253:1261	the microscopic structure	1237:1261	the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1237:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	6	74	theme	DPPH	1478:1481	arg1	method					1483:1488	the DPPH method	1474:1488	the DPPH method	1474:1488	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	0	75	dep	nanotubes	11:19	arg1	loaded					21:26	loaded	21:26	nanotubes loaded with peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film	11:97	Halloysite nanotubes loaded with peppermint essential oil as filler for functional biopolymer film.
27516303	6	76	theme	antioxidant	1407:1417	arg1	activity					1419:1426	the antioxidant activity	1403:1426	the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film	1403:1452	In addition, PO release in food simulant solvent was investigated at different temperatures (4 and 25°C), whereas the antioxidant activity of the nanocomposite film was estimated using the DPPH method.
27516303	7	77	theme	beef	1669:1672	arg1	milk					1682:1685	beef and cow milk	1669:1685	beef and cow milk	1669:1685	Finally, we studied the in vitro antibacterial activity of the biofilm against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), which were isolated by beef and cow milk, respectively.
27516303	3	78	theme	supramolecular	736:749	arg1	interactions					751:762	the supramolecular interactions	732:762	the supramolecular interactions	732:762	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
27516303	4	79	theme	method	903:908	arg1	use					884:886	the use	880:886	the use of the casting method	880:908	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	4	80	theme	experimental	925:936	arg1	conditions					938:947	specific experimental conditions	916:947	specific experimental conditions	916:947	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	5	81	theme	pectin	1204:1209	arg1	properties					1190:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties	1152:1199	the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film	1152:1286	Water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetry and tensile tests evidenced the effects of the modified filler on the thermo-mechanical and wettability properties of pectin, which were correlated to the microscopic structure of the biocomposite film.
27516303	4	82	theme	volatile	989:996	arg1	PO					998:999	the volatile PO	985:999	the volatile PO	985:999	Then, a pectin+HNT/CB[6] biofilm was prepared by the use of the casting method under specific experimental conditions in order to favor the entrapment of the volatile PO into the nanocomposite structure.
27516303	3	83	theme	interactions	751:762	arg1	influence					719:727	the influence	715:727	the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler	715:828	The HNT/CB[6] hybrid was characterized by several methods (thermogravimetry, FT-IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy) highlighting the influence of the supramolecular interactions on the composition, thermal behavior and morphology of the filler.
24413402	5	0	with	relationship	912:923	arg1	concentration					934:946	the concentration	930:946	the concentration of analytes	930:958	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	5	1	contain	has	906:908	arg1	oxidation/reduction					843:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	5	1	contain	has	906:908	arg2	relationship					912:923	a relationship	910:923	a relationship with the concentration of analytes	910:958	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	1	2	theme	electrochemical	171:185	arg1	determination					187:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination	158:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	158:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	6	3	theme	simultaneous	1052:1063	arg1	monitoring					1065:1074	the simultaneous monitoring	1048:1074	the simultaneous monitoring of AFP	1048:1081	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	8	4	with	agreement	1318:1326	arg1	values					1347:1352	the reference values	1333:1352	the reference values from standard ELISA method	1333:1379	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	4	5	theme	immunoassay	721:731	arg1	format					733:738	A sandwich-type immunoassay format	705:738	A sandwich-type immunoassay format	705:738	A sandwich-type immunoassay format was employed for the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA.
24413402	8	6	theme	proposed	1287:1294	arg1	method					1296:1301	the proposed method	1283:1301	the proposed method	1283:1301	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	7	7	theme	ng	1189:1190	arg1	-1					1195:1196	-1	1195:1196	-1	1195:1196	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	7	7	theme	ng	1189:1190	arg1	mL					1192:1193	0.03 ng mL	1184:1193	0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP	1184:1205	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	7	7	theme	ng	1189:1190	arg1	limits					1167:1172	The detection limits	1153:1172	The detection limits (LOD)	1153:1178	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	2	8	theme	immunosensing	322:334	arg1	platform					336:343	The immunosensing platform	318:343	The immunosensing platform	318:343	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	5	9	from	tags	894:897	arg1	oxidation/reduction					843:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	1	10	theme	functionalized	282:295	arg1	composites					306:315	functionalized chitosan composites	282:315	functionalized chitosan composites	282:315	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	5	11	from	oxidation/reduction	843:861	arg1	tags					894:897	signal tags	887:897	signal tags	887:897	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	9	12	theme	potential	1462:1470	arg1	promise					1472:1478	potential promise	1462:1478	potential promise in clinical diagnosis	1462:1500	And the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes makes it possesses potential promise in clinical diagnosis.
24413402	8	13	theme	assay	1247:1251	arg1	results					1253:1259	The assay results	1243:1259	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method	1243:1301	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	1	14	theme	chitosan	297:304	arg1	composites					306:315	functionalized chitosan composites	282:315	functionalized chitosan composites	282:315	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	7	15	theme	0.02	1211:1214	arg1	ng					1216:1217	ng	1216:1217	ng	1216:1217	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	5	16	theme	redox	870:874	arg1	species					876:882	the redox species	866:882	the redox species in signal tags	866:897	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	2	17	from	anti-AFP	383:390	arg1	AuNPs					435:439	AuNPs	435:439	AuNPs	435:439	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	2	17	from	anti-AFP	383:390	arg1	nanoparticles					420:432	chitosan-Au nanoparticles	408:432	chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)	408:440	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	3	18	theme	ferrocenecarboxylic	567:585	arg1	probes					535:540	electroactive redox probes	515:540	electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	515:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	18	theme	ferrocenecarboxylic	567:585	arg1	Fc					593:594	Fc	593:594	Fc	593:594	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	18	theme	ferrocenecarboxylic	567:585	arg1	acid					587:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid	567:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	567:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	5	19	theme	signal	887:892	arg1	tags					894:897	signal tags	887:897	signal tags	887:897	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	8	20	from	method	1374:1379	arg1	values					1347:1352	the reference values	1333:1352	the reference values from standard ELISA method	1333:1379	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	5	21	theme	electrochemical	827:841	arg1	oxidation/reduction					843:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	1	22	theme	alpha-fetoprotein	204:220	arg1	determination					187:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination	158:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	158:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	0	23	theme	electrochemical	12:26	arg1	immunoassay					28:38	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	0:38	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers	0:52	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers using chitosan nanocomposites.
24413402	9	24	contain	possesses	1452:1460	arg2	promise					1472:1478	potential promise	1462:1478	potential promise in clinical diagnosis	1462:1500	And the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes makes it possesses potential promise in clinical diagnosis.
24413402	9	24	contain	possesses	1452:1460	arg1	it					1449:1450	it	1449:1450	it	1449:1450	And the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes makes it possesses potential promise in clinical diagnosis.
24413402	6	25	theme	ng	1121:1122	arg1	-1					1127:1128	-1	1127:1128	-1	1127:1128	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	6	25	theme	ng	1121:1122	arg1	mL					1124:1125	0.05-100 ng mL	1112:1125	0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA	1112:1150	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	2	26	from	anti-CEA	396:403	arg1	AuNPs					435:439	AuNPs	435:439	AuNPs	435:439	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	2	26	from	anti-CEA	396:403	arg1	nanoparticles					420:432	chitosan-Au nanoparticles	408:432	chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)	408:440	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	9	27	theme	clinical	1483:1490	arg1	diagnosis					1492:1500	clinical diagnosis	1483:1500	clinical diagnosis	1483:1500	And the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes makes it possesses potential promise in clinical diagnosis.
24413402	3	28	theme	signal	471:476	arg1	tags					478:481	The signal tags	467:481	The signal tags	467:481	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	0	29	theme	Multiplexed	0:10	arg1	immunoassay					28:38	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	0:38	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers	0:52	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers using chitosan nanocomposites.
24413402	6	30	theme	electrochemical	1012:1026	arg1	immunoassay					1028:1038	the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	996:1038	the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	996:1038	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	4	31	theme	simultaneous	761:772	arg1	detection					774:782	the simultaneous detection	757:782	the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA	757:797	A sandwich-type immunoassay format was employed for the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA.
24413402	4	32	theme	CEA	795:797	arg1	detection					774:782	the simultaneous detection	757:782	the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA	757:797	A sandwich-type immunoassay format was employed for the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA.
24413402	5	33	theme	species	876:882	arg1	oxidation/reduction					843:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	the electrochemical oxidation/reduction	823:861	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	6	34	theme	multiplexed	1000:1010	arg1	immunoassay					1028:1038	the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	996:1038	the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	996:1038	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	8	35	theme	standard	1359:1366	arg1	method					1374:1379	standard ELISA method	1359:1379	standard ELISA method	1359:1379	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	5	36	theme	analytes	951:958	arg1	concentration					934:946	the concentration	930:946	the concentration of analytes	930:958	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	1	37	theme	novel	101:105	arg1	protocol					145:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol	99:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	99:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	3	38	theme	electroactive	515:527	arg1	Prussian					544:551	Prussian blue	544:556	Prussian blue (PB)	544:561	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	38	theme	electroactive	515:527	arg1	probes					535:540	electroactive redox probes	515:540	electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	515:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	38	theme	electroactive	515:527	arg1	acid					587:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid	567:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	567:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	8	39	theme	samples	1270:1276	arg1	results					1253:1259	The assay results	1243:1259	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method	1243:1301	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	6	40	theme	mL	1124:1125	arg1	range					1103:1107	a wide range	1096:1107	a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA	1096:1150	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	3	41	theme	redox	529:533	arg1	Prussian					544:551	Prussian blue	544:556	Prussian blue (PB)	544:561	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	41	theme	redox	529:533	arg1	probes					535:540	electroactive redox probes	515:540	electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	515:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	41	theme	redox	529:533	arg1	acid					587:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid	567:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	567:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	42	theme	blue	553:556	arg1	Prussian					544:551	Prussian blue	544:556	Prussian blue (PB)	544:561	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	42	theme	blue	553:556	arg1	PB					559:560	PB	559:560	PB	559:560	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	42	theme	blue	553:556	arg1	probes					535:540	electroactive redox probes	515:540	electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	515:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	1	43	theme	carcinoembryonic	232:247	arg1	CEA					258:260	CEA	258:260	CEA	258:260	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	1	43	theme	carcinoembryonic	232:247	arg1	antigen					249:255	carcinoembryonic antigen	232:255	carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	232:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	2	44	theme	linking	458:464	arg1	EDC/NHS					450:456	EDC/NHS linking	450:464	EDC/NHS linking	450:464	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	0	45	theme	biomarkers	43:52	arg1	immunoassay					28:38	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay	0:38	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers	0:52	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers using chitosan nanocomposites.
24413402	7	46	theme	detection	1157:1165	arg1	mL					1192:1193	0.03 ng mL	1184:1193	0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP	1184:1205	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	7	46	theme	detection	1157:1165	arg1	LOD					1175:1177	LOD	1175:1177	LOD	1175:1177	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	7	46	theme	detection	1157:1165	arg1	limits					1167:1172	The detection limits	1153:1172	The detection limits (LOD)	1153:1178	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	8	47	theme	ELISA	1368:1372	arg1	method					1374:1379	standard ELISA method	1359:1379	standard ELISA method	1359:1379	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	5	48	from	species	876:882	arg1	tags					894:897	signal tags	887:897	signal tags	887:897	The assay was based on the electrochemical oxidation/reduction of the redox species in signal tags, which has a relationship with the concentration of analytes.
24413402	1	49	theme	antigen	249:255	arg1	determination					187:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination	158:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	158:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	3	50	theme	labeled	660:666	arg1	anti-AFP					668:675	labeled anti-AFP	660:675	labeled anti-AFP	660:675	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	8	51	theme	good	1313:1316	arg1	agreement					1318:1326	a good agreement	1311:1326	a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method	1311:1379	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	1	52	theme	sensitive	111:119	arg1	protocol					145:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol	99:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	99:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	0	53	theme	chitosan	60:67	arg1	nanocomposites					69:82	chitosan nanocomposites	60:82	chitosan nanocomposites	60:82	Multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of biomarkers using chitosan nanocomposites.
24413402	6	54	theme	Experimental	961:972	arg1	results					974:980	Experimental results	961:980	Experimental results	961:980	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	9	55	theme	negligible	1390:1399	arg1	cross-reactivity					1401:1416	the negligible cross-reactivity	1386:1416	the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes	1386:1441	And the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes makes it possesses potential promise in clinical diagnosis.
24413402	1	56	theme	multiplexed	121:131	arg1	protocol					145:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol	99:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	99:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	7	57	theme	ng	1216:1217	arg1	-1					1222:1223	-1	1222:1223	-1	1222:1223	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	7	57	theme	ng	1216:1217	arg1	mL					1219:1220	0.02 ng mL	1211:1220	0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3)	1211:1240	The detection limits (LOD) was 0.03 ng mL(-1) for AFP and 0.02 ng mL(-1) for CEA (S/N=3).
24413402	6	58	theme	AFP	1079:1081	arg1	CEA					1087:1089	CEA	1087:1089	CEA	1087:1089	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	6	58	theme	AFP	1079:1081	arg1	monitoring					1065:1074	the simultaneous monitoring	1048:1074	the simultaneous monitoring of AFP	1048:1081	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	1	59	theme	immunoassay	133:143	arg1	protocol					145:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol	99:152	a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	99:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	4	60	theme	AFP	787:789	arg1	detection					774:782	the simultaneous detection	757:782	the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA	757:797	A sandwich-type immunoassay format was employed for the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA.
24413402	8	61	theme	serum	1264:1268	arg1	samples					1270:1276	serum samples	1264:1276	serum samples	1264:1276	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	3	62	dep	probes	535:540	arg1	Prussian					544:551	Prussian blue	544:556	Prussian blue (PB)	544:561	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	62	dep	probes	535:540	arg1	PB					559:560	PB	559:560	PB	559:560	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	62	dep	probes	535:540	arg1	probes					535:540	electroactive redox probes	515:540	electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	515:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	62	dep	probes	535:540	arg1	Fc					593:594	Fc	593:594	Fc	593:594	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	3	62	dep	probes	535:540	arg1	acid					587:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid	567:590	ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc)	567:595	The signal tags were fabricated by immobilizing electroactive redox probes - Prussian blue (PB) and ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) on chitosan (CHIT), following by absorbing AuNPs to immobilize labeled anti-AFP and anti-CEA, respectively.
24413402	1	63	theme	simultaneous	158:169	arg1	determination					187:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination	158:199	simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	158:261	In this work, a novel and sensitive multiplexed immunoassay protocol for simultaneous electrochemical determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was designed using functionalized chitosan composites.
24413402	2	64	theme	capture	375:381	arg1	anti-AFP					383:390	capture anti-AFP	375:390	capture anti-AFP	375:390	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	8	65	theme	reference	1337:1345	arg1	values					1347:1352	the reference values	1333:1352	the reference values from standard ELISA method	1333:1379	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
24413402	6	66	theme	wide	1098:1101	arg1	range					1103:1107	a wide range	1096:1107	a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA	1096:1150	Experimental results revealed that the multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay enabled the simultaneous monitoring of AFP and CEA with a wide range of 0.05-100 ng mL(-1) for both AFP and CEA.
24413402	4	67	theme	sandwich-type	707:719	arg1	format					733:738	A sandwich-type immunoassay format	705:738	A sandwich-type immunoassay format	705:738	A sandwich-type immunoassay format was employed for the simultaneous detection of AFP and CEA.
24413402	2	68	theme	chitosan-Au	408:418	arg1	AuNPs					435:439	AuNPs	435:439	AuNPs	435:439	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	2	68	theme	chitosan-Au	408:418	arg1	nanoparticles					420:432	chitosan-Au nanoparticles	408:432	chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)	408:440	The immunosensing platform was prepared via immobilizing capture anti-AFP and anti-CEA on chitosan-Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) through EDC/NHS linking.
24413402	9	69	from	promise	1472:1478	arg1	diagnosis					1492:1500	clinical diagnosis	1483:1500	clinical diagnosis	1483:1500	And the negligible cross-reactivity between the two analytes makes it possesses potential promise in clinical diagnosis.
24413402	8	70	with	results	1253:1259	arg1	method					1296:1301	the proposed method	1283:1301	the proposed method	1283:1301	The assay results of serum samples with the proposed method were in a good agreement with the reference values from standard ELISA method.
27896935	9	0	theme	promising	1344:1352	arg1	material					1362:1369	a promising binding material	1342:1369	a promising binding material for effective bone grafting	1342:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	9	0	theme	promising	1344:1352	arg1	glue					1334:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	3	1	theme	site	504:507	arg1	strength					475:482	the mechanical strength	460:482	the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site	460:507	Additionally, the lack of an organic matrix leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site.
27896935	4	2	theme	mussel	571:576	arg1	binder					607:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder	569:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties	569:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	4	3	theme	effective	514:522	arg1	grafting					529:536	effective bone grafting	514:536	effective bone grafting	514:536	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	8	4	theme	agglomerate	1217:1227	arg1	osteoconductivity					1192:1208	the osteoconductivity	1188:1208	the osteoconductivity of the agglomerate	1188:1227	These outstanding features improve the osteoconductivity of the agglomerate and subsequently promote in vivo bone regeneration.
27896935	5	5	theme	tyrosine	926:933	arg1	residues					935:942	tyrosine residues	926:942	tyrosine residues	926:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	6	6	theme	blood	1026:1030	arg1	presence					1014:1021	the presence	1010:1021	the presence of blood	1010:1030	The rMAP/HA coacervate stabilizes the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood.
27896935	0	7	theme	In	103:104	arg1	Regeneration					116:127	Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	93:127	Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	93:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	7	8	theme	agglomerate	1140:1150	arg1	properties					1111:1120	the mechanical and hemostatic properties	1081:1120	the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate	1081:1150	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	4	9	theme	bone	596:599	arg1	binder					607:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder	569:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties	569:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	0	10	theme	Augmented	93:101	arg1	Regeneration					116:127	Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	93:127	Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	93:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	5	11	theme	distinguishing	682:695	arg1	water					697:701	distinguishing water	682:701	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder	678:737	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	11	theme	distinguishing	682:695	arg1	blood					707:711	blood	707:711	blood	707:711	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	2	12	theme	bone	304:307	arg1	loss					309:312	massive bone loss	296:312	massive bone loss	296:312	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
27896935	4	13	theme	adhesion-employed	578:594	arg1	binder					607:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder	569:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties	569:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	0	14	theme	Bone	111:114	arg1	Regeneration					116:127	Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	93:127	Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	93:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	9	15	theme	effective	1375:1383	arg1	grafting					1390:1397	effective bone grafting	1375:1397	effective bone grafting	1375:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	7	16	theme	bone	1129:1132	arg1	agglomerate					1140:1150	the bone graft agglomerate	1125:1150	the bone graft agglomerate	1125:1150	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	0	17	dep	In	103:104	arg1	Vivo					106:109	Vivo	106:109	Vivo	106:109	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	1	18	theme	reconstructive	193:206	arg1	procedures					208:217	orthopedic reconstructive procedures	182:217	orthopedic reconstructive procedures	182:217	Xenogenic bone substitutes are commonly used during orthopedic reconstructive procedures to assist bone regeneration.
27896935	5	19	theme	mussel	884:889	arg1	rMAP					909:912	rMAP	909:912	rMAP	909:912	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	19	theme	mussel	884:889	arg1	protein					900:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein	851:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	851:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	20	theme	sandcastle	755:764	arg1	coacervation					788:799	sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation	755:799	sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	755:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	9	21	theme	bone	1385:1388	arg1	grafting					1390:1397	effective bone grafting	1375:1397	effective bone grafting	1375:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	7	22	theme	graft	1134:1138	arg1	agglomerate					1140:1150	the bone graft agglomerate	1125:1150	the bone graft agglomerate	1125:1150	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	1	23	theme	orthopedic	182:191	arg1	procedures					208:217	orthopedic reconstructive procedures	182:217	orthopedic reconstructive procedures	182:217	Xenogenic bone substitutes are commonly used during orthopedic reconstructive procedures to assist bone regeneration.
27896935	0	24	theme	Worm-Inspired	11:23	arg1	Binder					52:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder	11:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	11:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	5	25	theme	worm-inspired	766:778	arg1	coacervation					788:799	sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation	755:799	sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	755:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	8	26	dep	in	1254:1255	arg1	vivo					1257:1260	vivo	1257:1260	vivo	1257:1260	These outstanding features improve the osteoconductivity of the agglomerate and subsequently promote in vivo bone regeneration.
27896935	3	27	theme	matrix	430:435	arg1	lack					411:414	the lack	407:414	the lack of an organic matrix	407:435	Additionally, the lack of an organic matrix leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site.
27896935	9	28	theme	binding	1354:1360	arg1	material					1362:1369	a promising binding material	1342:1369	a promising binding material for effective bone grafting	1342:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	9	28	theme	binding	1354:1360	arg1	glue					1334:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	5	29	theme	binder	732:737	arg1	resistance					714:723	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance	678:723	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder	678:737	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	0	30	theme	Bone	41:44	arg1	Binder					52:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder	11:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	11:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	5	31	theme	charged	864:870	arg1	rMAP					909:912	rMAP	909:912	rMAP	909:912	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	31	theme	charged	864:870	arg1	protein					900:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein	851:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	851:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	6	32	from	graft	1001:1005	arg1	presence					1014:1021	the presence	1010:1021	the presence of blood	1010:1030	The rMAP/HA coacervate stabilizes the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood.
27896935	0	33	theme	Blood-Resistant	25:39	arg1	Binder					52:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder	11:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	11:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	2	34	theme	massive	296:302	arg1	loss					309:312	massive bone loss	296:312	massive bone loss	296:312	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
27896935	9	35	theme	coacervated	1307:1317	arg1	material					1362:1369	a promising binding material	1342:1369	a promising binding material for effective bone grafting	1342:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	9	35	theme	coacervated	1307:1317	arg1	glue					1334:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	3	36	theme	mechanical	464:473	arg1	strength					475:482	the mechanical strength	460:482	the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site	460:507	Additionally, the lack of an organic matrix leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site.
27896935	6	37	theme	bone	996:999	arg1	graft					1001:1005	the agglomerated bone graft	979:1005	the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood	979:1030	The rMAP/HA coacervate stabilizes the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood.
27896935	7	38	theme	mechanical	1085:1094	arg1	properties					1111:1120	the mechanical and hemostatic properties	1081:1120	the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate	1081:1150	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	4	39	theme	mechanical	655:664	arg1	properties					666:675	enhanced mechanical properties	646:675	enhanced mechanical properties	646:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	2	40	theme	huge	257:260	arg1	blood					273:277	blood	273:277	blood	273:277	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
27896935	2	40	theme	huge	257:260	arg1	amounts					262:268	huge amounts	257:268	huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss	257:312	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
27896935	8	41	theme	in	1254:1255	arg1	regeneration					1267:1278	in vivo bone regeneration	1254:1278	in vivo bone regeneration	1254:1278	These outstanding features improve the osteoconductivity of the agglomerate and subsequently promote in vivo bone regeneration.
27896935	1	42	theme	bone	229:232	arg1	regeneration					234:245	bone regeneration	229:245	bone regeneration	229:245	Xenogenic bone substitutes are commonly used during orthopedic reconstructive procedures to assist bone regeneration.
27896935	0	43	theme	Graft	46:50	arg1	Binder					52:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder	11:57	Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	11:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	6	44	theme	agglomerated	983:994	arg1	graft					1001:1005	the agglomerated bone graft	979:1005	the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood	979:1030	The rMAP/HA coacervate stabilizes the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood.
27896935	3	45	theme	organic	422:428	arg1	matrix					430:435	an organic matrix	419:435	an organic matrix	419:435	Additionally, the lack of an organic matrix leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site.
27896935	9	46	theme	blood-resistant	1291:1305	arg1	material					1362:1369	a promising binding material	1342:1369	a promising binding material for effective bone grafting	1342:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	9	46	theme	blood-resistant	1291:1305	arg1	glue					1334:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	3	47	from	decrease	448:455	arg1	strength					475:482	the mechanical strength	460:482	the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site	460:507	Additionally, the lack of an organic matrix leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site.
27896935	4	48	theme	enhanced	646:653	arg1	properties					666:675	enhanced mechanical properties	646:675	enhanced mechanical properties	646:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	5	49	theme	hyaluronic	826:835	arg1	HA					843:844	HA	843:844	HA	843:844	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	49	theme	hyaluronic	826:835	arg1	acid					837:840	negatively charged hyaluronic acid	807:840	negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA)	807:845	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	4	50	theme	bone	524:527	arg1	grafting					529:536	effective bone grafting	514:536	effective bone grafting	514:536	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	5	51	theme	water	697:701	arg1	resistance					714:723	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance	678:723	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder	678:737	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	52	theme	complex	780:786	arg1	coacervation					788:799	sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation	755:799	sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	755:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	4	53	with	binder	607:612	arg1	blood-resistance					625:640	great blood-resistance	619:640	great blood-resistance	619:640	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	4	53	with	binder	607:612	arg1	properties					666:675	enhanced mechanical properties	646:675	enhanced mechanical properties	646:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	7	54	theme	rMAP/HA	1047:1053	arg1	binder					1065:1070	the rMAP/HA composite binder	1043:1070	the rMAP/HA composite binder	1043:1070	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	9	55	theme	general	1435:1441	arg1	engineering					1455:1465	general bone tissue engineering	1435:1465	general bone tissue engineering	1435:1465	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	7	56	theme	hemostatic	1100:1109	arg1	properties					1111:1120	the mechanical and hemostatic properties	1081:1120	the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate	1081:1150	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	9	57	theme	mussel	1319:1324	arg1	material					1362:1369	a promising binding material	1342:1369	a promising binding material for effective bone grafting	1342:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	9	57	theme	mussel	1319:1324	arg1	glue					1334:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	8	58	theme	bone	1262:1265	arg1	regeneration					1267:1278	in vivo bone regeneration	1254:1278	in vivo bone regeneration	1254:1278	These outstanding features improve the osteoconductivity of the agglomerate and subsequently promote in vivo bone regeneration.
27896935	3	59	theme	bone-grafted	491:502	arg1	site					504:507	the bone-grafted site	487:507	the bone-grafted site	487:507	Additionally, the lack of an organic matrix leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the bone-grafted site.
27896935	9	60	theme	bone	1443:1446	arg1	engineering					1455:1465	general bone tissue engineering	1435:1465	general bone tissue engineering	1435:1465	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	7	61	theme	composite	1055:1063	arg1	binder					1065:1070	the rMAP/HA composite binder	1043:1070	the rMAP/HA composite binder	1043:1070	Moreover, the rMAP/HA composite binder enhances the mechanical and hemostatic properties of the bone graft agglomerate.
27896935	9	62	theme	protein	1326:1332	arg1	material					1362:1369	a promising binding material	1342:1369	a promising binding material for effective bone grafting	1342:1397	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	9	62	theme	protein	1326:1332	arg1	glue					1334:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue	1287:1337	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	1	63	theme	Xenogenic	130:138	arg1	bone					140:143	Xenogenic bone	130:143	Xenogenic bone	130:143	Xenogenic bone substitutes are commonly used during orthopedic reconstructive procedures to assist bone regeneration.
27896935	9	64	theme	tissue	1448:1453	arg1	engineering					1455:1465	general bone tissue engineering	1435:1465	general bone tissue engineering	1435:1465	Thus, the blood-resistant coacervated mussel protein glue is a promising binding material for effective bone grafting and can be successfully expanded to general bone tissue engineering.
27896935	2	65	theme	blood	273:277	arg1	blood					273:277	blood	273:277	blood	273:277	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
27896935	2	65	theme	blood	273:277	arg1	amounts					262:268	huge amounts	257:268	huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss	257:312	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
27896935	8	66	theme	outstanding	1159:1169	arg1	features					1171:1178	These outstanding features	1153:1178	These outstanding features	1153:1178	These outstanding features improve the osteoconductivity of the agglomerate and subsequently promote in vivo bone regeneration.
27896935	4	67	theme	graft	601:605	arg1	binder					607:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder	569:612	a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties	569:675	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	0	68	theme	Mussel	74:79	arg1	Protein					81:87	a Sticky Mussel Protein	65:87	a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	65:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	5	69	theme	recombinant	872:882	arg1	rMAP					909:912	rMAP	909:912	rMAP	909:912	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	69	theme	recombinant	872:882	arg1	protein					900:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein	851:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	851:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	70	contain	containing	915:924	arg1	rMAP					909:912	rMAP	909:912	rMAP	909:912	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	70	contain	containing	915:924	arg1	protein					900:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein	851:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	851:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	70	contain	containing	915:924	arg2	residues					935:942	tyrosine residues	926:942	tyrosine residues	926:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	71	theme	adhesive	891:898	arg1	rMAP					909:912	rMAP	909:912	rMAP	909:912	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	71	theme	adhesive	891:898	arg1	protein					900:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein	851:906	a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues	851:942	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	4	72	theme	great	619:623	arg1	blood-resistance					625:640	great blood-resistance	619:640	great blood-resistance	619:640	For effective bone grafting, this study aims at developing a mussel adhesion-employed bone graft binder with great blood-resistance and enhanced mechanical properties.
27896935	0	73	theme	Sticky	67:72	arg1	Protein					81:87	a Sticky Mussel Protein	65:87	a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration	65:127	Sandcastle Worm-Inspired Blood-Resistant Bone Graft Binder Using a Sticky Mussel Protein for Augmented In Vivo Bone Regeneration.
27896935	6	74	theme	rMAP/HA	949:955	arg1	coacervate					957:966	The rMAP/HA coacervate	945:966	The rMAP/HA coacervate	945:966	The rMAP/HA coacervate stabilizes the agglomerated bone graft in the presence of blood.
27896935	5	75	theme	charged	818:824	arg1	HA					843:844	HA	843:844	HA	843:844	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	5	75	theme	charged	818:824	arg1	acid					837:840	negatively charged hyaluronic acid	807:840	negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA)	807:845	The distinguishing water (or blood) resistance of the binder originates from sandcastle worm-inspired complex coacervation using negatively charged hyaluronic acid (HA) and a positively charged recombinant mussel adhesive protein (rMAP) containing tyrosine residues.
27896935	2	76	theme	bony	380:383	arg1	defect					385:390	the bony defect	376:390	the bony defect	376:390	However, huge amounts of blood accompanied with massive bone loss usually increase the difficulty of placing the xenograft into the bony defect.
28045600	4	0	theme	saccharification	713:728	arg1	extent					703:708	the extent	699:708	the extent of saccharification	699:728	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	6	1	theme	cellulase	1029:1037	arg1	preparation					1039:1049	cellulase preparation	1029:1049	cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes	1029:1095	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	3	2	theme	sodium	529:534	arg1	straw					559:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	5	3	theme	modified	958:965	arg1	ratio					974:978	a modified enzyme ratio	956:978	a modified enzyme ratio	956:978	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	3	4	theme	release	640:646	arg1	profile					648:654	sugar release profile	634:654	sugar release profile	634:654	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	6	5	theme	utmost	1142:1147	arg1	importance					1149:1158	utmost importance	1142:1158	utmost importance	1142:1158	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	5	6	theme	CBU	900:902	arg1	>0.15					942:946	>0.15	942:946	>0.15	942:946	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	6	theme	CBU	900:902	arg1	ratio					935:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio	871:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15)	871:947	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	3	7	theme	ammonia-treated	498:512	arg1	straw					519:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	3	8	theme	current	359:365	arg1	study					367:371	the current study	355:371	the current study	355:371	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	5	9	theme	cellulose	919:927	arg1	>0.15					942:946	>0.15	942:946	>0.15	942:946	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	9	theme	cellulose	919:927	arg1	ratio					935:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio	871:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15)	871:947	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	10	located	observed	831:838	arg2	hydrolysis					805:814	complete hydrolysis	796:814	complete hydrolysis to glucose	796:825	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	10	located	observed	831:838	arg1	addition					786:793	addition	786:793	addition	786:793	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	11	theme	CMC	930:932	arg1	>0.15					942:946	>0.15	942:946	>0.15	942:946	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	11	theme	CMC	930:932	arg1	ratio					935:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio	871:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15)	871:947	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	1	12	theme	substrate	176:184	arg1	features					186:193	substrate features	176:193	substrate features	176:193	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	5	13	theme	/carboxymethyl	904:917	arg1	>0.15					942:946	>0.15	942:946	>0.15	942:946	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	13	theme	/carboxymethyl	904:917	arg1	ratio					935:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio	871:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15)	871:947	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	1	14	theme	lignocellulosic	88:102	arg1	biomass					104:110	lignocellulosic biomass	88:110	lignocellulosic biomass	88:110	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	6	15	theme	defined	1056:1062	arg1	ratios					1064:1069	defined ratios	1056:1069	defined ratios of the three main enzymes	1056:1095	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	4	16	contain	had	734:736	arg2	effect					746:751	minimal effect	738:751	minimal effect	738:751	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	4	16	contain	had	734:736	arg1	features					681:688	substrate features	671:688	substrate features	671:688	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	1	17	theme	biomass	104:110	arg1	Depolymerization					68:83	Depolymerization	68:83	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass	68:110	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	5	18	theme	cellobiase	882:891	arg1	>0.15					942:946	>0.15	942:946	>0.15	942:946	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	18	theme	cellobiase	882:891	arg1	ratio					935:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio	871:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15)	871:947	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	4	19	theme	minimal	738:744	arg1	effect					746:751	minimal effect	738:751	minimal effect	738:751	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	3	20	theme	catalytic	589:597	arg1	rate					599:602	catalytic rate	589:602	catalytic rate	589:602	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	5	21	theme	units	893:897	arg1	>0.15					942:946	>0.15	942:946	>0.15	942:946	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	21	theme	units	893:897	arg1	ratio					935:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio	871:939	at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15)	871:947	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	3	22	theme	cellulase	379:387	arg1	preparation					389:399	four cellulase preparation	374:399	four cellulase preparation varying in their composition	374:428	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	4	23	theme	release	766:772	arg1	pattern					774:780	the sugar release pattern	756:780	the sugar release pattern	756:780	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	3	24	theme	biomass	481:487	arg1	types					457:461	two types	453:461	two types of alkali-treated biomass	453:487	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	0	25	theme	cellulase	14:22	arg1	cocktails					24:32	cellulase cocktails	14:32	cellulase cocktails	14:32	Importance of cellulase cocktails favoring hydrolysis of cellulose.
28045600	4	26	theme	sugar	760:764	arg1	pattern					774:780	the sugar release pattern	756:780	the sugar release pattern	756:780	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	6	27	theme	main	1084:1087	arg1	enzymes					1089:1095	the three main enzymes	1074:1095	the three main enzymes	1074:1095	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	6	28	with	preparation	1039:1049	arg1	ratios					1064:1069	defined ratios	1056:1069	defined ratios of the three main enzymes	1056:1095	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	3	29	theme	saccharification	605:620	arg1	yields					622:627	saccharification yields	605:627	saccharification yields	605:627	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	1	30	theme	cellulase	218:226	arg1	preparation					228:238	cellulase preparation	218:238	cellulase preparation	218:238	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	4	31	theme	substrate	671:679	arg1	features					681:688	substrate features	671:688	substrate features	671:688	We found that substrate features affected the extent of saccharification but had minimal effect on the sugar release pattern.
28045600	5	32	theme	complete	796:803	arg1	hydrolysis					805:814	complete hydrolysis	796:814	complete hydrolysis to glucose	796:825	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	5	33	used	used	987:990	arg2	ratio					974:978	a modified enzyme ratio	956:978	a modified enzyme ratio	956:978	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	0	34	theme	cocktails	24:32	arg1	Importance					0:9	Importance	0:9	Importance of cellulase cocktails	0:32	Importance of cellulase cocktails favoring hydrolysis of cellulose.
28045600	1	35	theme	preparation	228:238	arg1	features					186:193	substrate features	176:193	substrate features	176:193	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	1	35	theme	preparation	228:238	arg1	composition					203:213	the composition	199:213	the composition of cellulase preparation	199:238	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	0	36	theme	cellulose	57:65	arg1	hydrolysis					43:52	hydrolysis	43:52	hydrolysis of cellulose	43:65	Importance of cellulase cocktails favoring hydrolysis of cellulose.
28045600	5	37	theme	oligosaccharide	996:1010	arg1	synthesis					1012:1020	oligosaccharide synthesis	996:1020	oligosaccharide synthesis	996:1020	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	3	38	theme	rice	514:517	arg1	straw					519:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	6	39	theme	economies	1208:1216	arg1	success					1176:1182	the success	1172:1182	the success of lignocellulose-based economies	1172:1216	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	3	40	used	used	435:438	arg2	preparation					389:399	four cellulase preparation	374:399	four cellulase preparation varying in their composition	374:428	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	5	41	theme	enzyme	967:972	arg1	ratio					974:978	a modified enzyme ratio	956:978	a modified enzyme ratio	956:978	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	3	42	theme	sugar	634:638	arg1	profile					648:654	sugar release profile	634:654	sugar release profile	634:654	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	3	43	dep	hydrolyze	443:451	arg1	straw					559:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	3	43	dep	hydrolyze	443:451	arg1	straw					519:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	1	44	theme	enzymes	138:144	arg1	enzymes					138:144	enzymes	138:144	enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation	138:238	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	1	44	theme	enzymes	138:144	arg1	groups					128:133	groups	128:133	groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation	128:238	Depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass is catalyzed by groups of enzymes whose action is influenced by substrate features and the composition of cellulase preparation.
28045600	3	45	from	effect	579:584	arg1	rate					599:602	catalytic rate	589:602	catalytic rate	589:602	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	3	45	from	effect	579:584	arg1	yields					622:627	saccharification yields	605:627	saccharification yields	605:627	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	3	45	from	effect	579:584	arg1	profile					648:654	sugar release profile	634:654	sugar release profile	634:654	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	2	46	theme	enzymes	284:290	arg1	enzymes					284:290	enzymes	284:290	enzymes	284:290	Cellulases contain a mixture of variety of enzymes, whose proportions dictate the saccharification of biomass.
28045600	2	46	theme	enzymes	284:290	arg1	variety					273:279	variety	273:279	variety of enzymes	273:290	Cellulases contain a mixture of variety of enzymes, whose proportions dictate the saccharification of biomass.
28045600	6	47	theme	lignocellulose-based	1187:1206	arg1	economies					1208:1216	lignocellulose-based economies	1187:1216	lignocellulose-based economies	1187:1216	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	2	48	theme	variety	273:279	arg1	mixture					262:268	a mixture	260:268	a mixture	260:268	Cellulases contain a mixture of variety of enzymes, whose proportions dictate the saccharification of biomass.
28045600	2	49	theme	biomass	343:349	arg1	saccharification					323:338	the saccharification	319:338	the saccharification of biomass	319:349	Cellulases contain a mixture of variety of enzymes, whose proportions dictate the saccharification of biomass.
28045600	3	50	theme	aqueous	490:496	arg1	straw					519:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw	490:523	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	3	51	theme	alkali-treated	466:479	arg1	biomass					481:487	alkali-treated biomass	466:487	alkali-treated biomass	466:487	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	5	52	theme	enzyme	845:850	arg1	preparation					852:862	enzyme preparation	845:862	enzyme preparation	845:862	In addition, complete hydrolysis to glucose was observed with enzyme preparation having at least a cellobiase units (CBU)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ratio (>0.15), while a modified enzyme ratio can be used for oligosaccharide synthesis.
28045600	3	53	theme	hydroxide-treated	536:552	arg1	straw					559:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
28045600	2	54	contain	contain	252:258	arg1	Cellulases					241:250	Cellulases	241:250	Cellulases	241:250	Cellulases contain a mixture of variety of enzymes, whose proportions dictate the saccharification of biomass.
28045600	2	54	contain	contain	252:258	arg2	mixture					262:268	a mixture	260:268	a mixture	260:268	Cellulases contain a mixture of variety of enzymes, whose proportions dictate the saccharification of biomass.
28045600	6	55	theme	enzymes	1089:1095	arg1	ratios					1064:1069	defined ratios	1056:1069	defined ratios of the three main enzymes	1056:1095	Thus, cellulase preparation with defined ratios of the three main enzymes can improve the saccharification which is of utmost importance in defining the success of lignocellulose-based economies.
28045600	3	56	theme	rice	554:557	arg1	straw					559:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw	529:563	In the current study, four cellulase preparation varying in their composition were used to hydrolyze two types of alkali-treated biomass (aqueous ammonia-treated rice straw and sodium hydroxide-treated rice straw) to study the effect on catalytic rate, saccharification yields, and sugar release profile.
26260972	5	0	theme	substantial	620:630	arg1	fraction					632:639	a substantial fraction	618:639	a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota	618:678	We conclude that, in a controlled environment, the genetic background accounts for a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota.
26260972	6	1	theme	microbiota	837:846	arg1	composition					848:858	gut microbiota composition	833:858	gut microbiota composition	833:858	The mice were previously studied for response to a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and we hypothesized that the dietary response was determined in part by gut microbiota composition.
26260972	8	2	theme	dietary	1074:1080	arg1	response					1082:1089	dietary response	1074:1089	dietary response	1074:1089	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	10	3	theme	Akkermansia	1343:1353	arg1	anaerobe					1377:1384	a common anaerobe	1368:1384	a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects	1368:1429	Among these, we chose Akkermansia muciniphila, a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects.
26260972	10	3	theme	Akkermansia	1343:1353	arg1	muciniphila					1355:1365	Akkermansia muciniphila	1343:1365	Akkermansia muciniphila	1343:1365	Among these, we chose Akkermansia muciniphila, a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects.
26260972	4	4	theme	SNP-based	432:440	arg1	approach					442:449	a SNP-based approach	430:449	a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model	430:475	Using a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model, we estimated the heritability of microbiota composition.
26260972	2	5	theme	mice	285:288	arg1	strains					274:280	110 diverse inbred strains	255:280	110 diverse inbred strains of mice	255:288	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	13	6	theme	available	1737:1745	arg1	data					1747:1750	Our publicly available data	1724:1750	Our publicly available data	1724:1750	Our publicly available data provide a resource for future studies.
26260972	4	7	theme	linear	458:463	arg1	model					471:475	a linear mixed model	456:475	a linear mixed model	456:475	Using a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model, we estimated the heritability of microbiota composition.
26260972	5	8	theme	abundance	644:652	arg1	fraction					632:639	a substantial fraction	618:639	a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota	618:678	We conclude that, in a controlled environment, the genetic background accounts for a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota.
26260972	11	9	theme	dietary	1481:1487	arg1	response					1489:1496	the dietary response	1477:1496	the dietary response	1477:1496	When administered to strain A×B19 by gavage, the dietary response was significantly blunted for obesity, plasma lipids, and insulin resistance.
26260972	6	10	dep	diet	755:758	arg1	high-sucrose					742:753	a high-fat, high-sucrose diet	730:758	high-sucrose	742:753	The mice were previously studied for response to a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and we hypothesized that the dietary response was determined in part by gut microbiota composition.
26260972	8	11	theme	SWR	1111:1113	arg1	pups					1115:1118	the cross-fostered SWR pups	1092:1118	the cross-fostered SWR pups	1092:1118	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	9	12	theme	various	1256:1262	arg1	genera					1264:1269	various genera	1256:1269	various genera whose abundance correlated with dietary response	1256:1318	To examine specific microbiota contributing to the response, we identified various genera whose abundance correlated with dietary response.
26260972	5	13	theme	genetic	586:592	arg1	background					594:603	the genetic background	582:603	the genetic background	582:603	We conclude that, in a controlled environment, the genetic background accounts for a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota.
26260972	2	14	theme	strains	274:280	arg1	panel					246:250	a panel	244:250	a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice	244:288	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	3	15	theme	wide	336:339	arg1	range					341:345	a wide range	334:345	a wide range of metabolic traits	334:365	This panel has previously been studied for a wide range of metabolic traits and can be used for high-resolution association mapping.
26260972	8	16	from	response	1156:1163	arg1	gain					1175:1178	weight gain	1168:1178	weight gain	1168:1178	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	10	17	theme	common	1370:1375	arg1	anaerobe					1377:1384	a common anaerobe	1368:1384	a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects	1368:1429	Among these, we chose Akkermansia muciniphila, a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects.
26260972	10	17	theme	common	1370:1375	arg1	muciniphila					1355:1365	Akkermansia muciniphila	1343:1365	Akkermansia muciniphila	1343:1365	Among these, we chose Akkermansia muciniphila, a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects.
26260972	2	18	theme	inbred	267:272	arg1	strains					274:280	110 diverse inbred strains	255:280	110 diverse inbred strains of mice	255:288	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	4	19	with	approach	442:449	arg1	model					471:475	a linear mixed model	456:475	a linear mixed model	456:475	Using a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model, we estimated the heritability of microbiota composition.
26260972	4	20	theme	mixed	465:469	arg1	model					471:475	a linear mixed model	456:475	a linear mixed model	456:475	Using a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model, we estimated the heritability of microbiota composition.
26260972	12	21	theme	candidate	1707:1715	arg1	genes					1717:1721	prioritized candidate genes	1695:1721	prioritized candidate genes	1695:1721	In an effort to further understand host-microbiota interactions, we mapped loci controlling microbiota composition and prioritized candidate genes.
26260972	13	22	theme	future	1775:1780	arg1	studies					1782:1788	future studies	1775:1788	future studies	1775:1788	Our publicly available data provide a resource for future studies.
26260972	3	23	theme	association	403:413	arg1	mapping					415:421	high-resolution association mapping	387:421	high-resolution association mapping	387:421	This panel has previously been studied for a wide range of metabolic traits and can be used for high-resolution association mapping.
26260972	0	24	theme	Genetic	0:6	arg1	control					26:32	Genetic and environmental control	0:32	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions	0:68	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	10	25	theme	metabolic	1413:1421	arg1	effects					1423:1429	metabolic effects	1413:1429	metabolic effects	1413:1429	Among these, we chose Akkermansia muciniphila, a common anaerobe previously associated with metabolic effects.
26260972	7	26	theme	cross-fostering	884:898	arg1	strategy					900:907	a cross-fostering strategy	882:907	a cross-fostering strategy in which a strain showing a modest response, SWR, was seeded with microbiota from a strain showing a strong response, A×B19	882:1031	We tested this using a cross-fostering strategy in which a strain showing a modest response, SWR, was seeded with microbiota from a strain showing a strong response, A×B19.
26260972	1	27	theme	powerful	103:110	arg1	approach					112:119	a potentially powerful approach	89:119	a potentially powerful approach to dissect host-gut microbiota interactions	89:163	Genetics provides a potentially powerful approach to dissect host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	12	28	theme	host-microbiota	1611:1625	arg1	interactions					1627:1638	host-microbiota interactions	1611:1638	host-microbiota interactions	1611:1638	In an effort to further understand host-microbiota interactions, we mapped loci controlling microbiota composition and prioritized candidate genes.
26260972	3	29	theme	metabolic	350:358	arg1	traits					360:365	metabolic traits	350:365	metabolic traits	350:365	This panel has previously been studied for a wide range of metabolic traits and can be used for high-resolution association mapping.
26260972	7	30	theme	strong	1010:1015	arg1	A×B19					1027:1031	A×B19	1027:1031	A×B19	1027:1031	We tested this using a cross-fostering strategy in which a strain showing a modest response, SWR, was seeded with microbiota from a strain showing a strong response, A×B19.
26260972	7	30	theme	strong	1010:1015	arg1	response					1017:1024	a strong response	1008:1024	a strong response	1008:1024	We tested this using a cross-fostering strategy in which a strain showing a modest response, SWR, was seeded with microbiota from a strain showing a strong response, A×B19.
26260972	5	31	theme	controlled	558:567	arg1	environment					569:579	a controlled environment	556:579	a controlled environment	556:579	We conclude that, in a controlled environment, the genetic background accounts for a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota.
26260972	11	32	theme	strain	1453:1458	arg1	A×B19					1460:1464	strain A×B19	1453:1464	strain A×B19	1453:1464	When administered to strain A×B19 by gavage, the dietary response was significantly blunted for obesity, plasma lipids, and insulin resistance.
26260972	3	33	theme	traits	360:365	arg1	range					341:345	a wide range	334:345	a wide range of metabolic traits	334:365	This panel has previously been studied for a wide range of metabolic traits and can be used for high-resolution association mapping.
26260972	2	34	theme	gut	195:197	arg1	microbiota					199:208	gut microbiota	195:208	gut microbiota	195:208	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	0	35	theme	host-gut	37:44	arg1	interactions					57:68	host-gut microbiota interactions	37:68	host-gut microbiota interactions	37:68	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	9	36	theme	dietary	1303:1309	arg1	response					1311:1318	dietary response	1303:1318	dietary response	1303:1318	To examine specific microbiota contributing to the response, we identified various genera whose abundance correlated with dietary response.
26260972	3	37	theme	high-resolution	387:401	arg1	mapping					415:421	high-resolution association mapping	387:421	high-resolution association mapping	387:421	This panel has previously been studied for a wide range of metabolic traits and can be used for high-resolution association mapping.
26260972	8	38	theme	increased	1146:1154	arg1	response					1156:1163	a significantly increased response	1130:1163	a significantly increased response in weight gain	1130:1178	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	8	39	from	role	1052:1055	arg1	response					1082:1089	dietary response	1074:1089	dietary response	1074:1089	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	8	40	theme	cross-fostered	1096:1109	arg1	pups					1115:1118	the cross-fostered SWR pups	1092:1118	the cross-fostered SWR pups	1092:1118	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	0	41	theme	interactions	57:68	arg1	control					26:32	Genetic and environmental control	0:32	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions	0:68	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	3	42	used	used	378:381	arg2	panel					296:300	This panel	291:300	This panel	291:300	This panel has previously been studied for a wide range of metabolic traits and can be used for high-resolution association mapping.
26260972	8	43	theme	microbiota	1060:1069	arg1	role					1052:1055	a role	1050:1055	a role of microbiota in dietary response	1050:1089	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	6	44	theme	gut	833:835	arg1	composition					848:858	gut microbiota composition	833:858	gut microbiota composition	833:858	The mice were previously studied for response to a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and we hypothesized that the dietary response was determined in part by gut microbiota composition.
26260972	6	45	theme	high-fat	732:739	arg1	diet					755:758	a high-fat, high-sucrose diet	730:758	diet	755:758	The mice were previously studied for response to a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and we hypothesized that the dietary response was determined in part by gut microbiota composition.
26260972	0	46	theme	microbiota	46:55	arg1	interactions					57:68	host-gut microbiota interactions	37:68	host-gut microbiota interactions	37:68	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	4	47	theme	composition	522:532	arg1	heritability					495:506	the heritability	491:506	the heritability of microbiota composition	491:532	Using a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model, we estimated the heritability of microbiota composition.
26260972	2	48	theme	rRNA	220:223	arg1	sequencing					230:239	16s rRNA gene sequencing	216:239	16s rRNA gene sequencing	216:239	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	2	49	theme	gene	225:228	arg1	sequencing					230:239	16s rRNA gene sequencing	216:239	16s rRNA gene sequencing	216:239	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	11	50	theme	plasma	1537:1542	arg1	lipids					1544:1549	plasma lipids	1537:1549	plasma lipids	1537:1549	When administered to strain A×B19 by gavage, the dietary response was significantly blunted for obesity, plasma lipids, and insulin resistance.
26260972	1	51	theme	host-gut	132:139	arg1	interactions					152:163	host-gut microbiota interactions	132:163	host-gut microbiota interactions	132:163	Genetics provides a potentially powerful approach to dissect host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	8	52	with	Consistent	1034:1043	arg1	role					1052:1055	a role	1050:1055	a role of microbiota in dietary response	1050:1089	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	4	53	theme	microbiota	511:520	arg1	composition					522:532	microbiota composition	511:532	microbiota composition	511:532	Using a SNP-based approach with a linear mixed model, we estimated the heritability of microbiota composition.
26260972	5	54	theme	common	662:667	arg1	microbiota					669:678	most common microbiota	657:678	most common microbiota	657:678	We conclude that, in a controlled environment, the genetic background accounts for a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota.
26260972	2	55	theme	16s	216:218	arg1	sequencing					230:239	16s rRNA gene sequencing	216:239	16s rRNA gene sequencing	216:239	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	2	56	theme	diverse	259:265	arg1	strains					274:280	110 diverse inbred strains	255:280	110 diverse inbred strains of mice	255:288	Toward this end, we profiled gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing in a panel of 110 diverse inbred strains of mice.
26260972	1	57	theme	microbiota	141:150	arg1	interactions					152:163	host-gut microbiota interactions	132:163	host-gut microbiota interactions	132:163	Genetics provides a potentially powerful approach to dissect host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	11	58	theme	insulin	1556:1562	arg1	resistance					1564:1573	insulin resistance	1556:1573	insulin resistance	1556:1573	When administered to strain A×B19 by gavage, the dietary response was significantly blunted for obesity, plasma lipids, and insulin resistance.
26260972	5	59	theme	microbiota	669:678	arg1	abundance					644:652	abundance	644:652	abundance of most common microbiota	644:678	We conclude that, in a controlled environment, the genetic background accounts for a substantial fraction of abundance of most common microbiota.
26260972	9	60	theme	specific	1192:1199	arg1	microbiota					1201:1210	specific microbiota	1192:1210	specific microbiota contributing to the response	1192:1239	To examine specific microbiota contributing to the response, we identified various genera whose abundance correlated with dietary response.
26260972	12	61	theme	prioritized	1695:1705	arg1	genes					1717:1721	prioritized candidate genes	1695:1721	prioritized candidate genes	1695:1721	In an effort to further understand host-microbiota interactions, we mapped loci controlling microbiota composition and prioritized candidate genes.
26260972	6	62	theme	dietary	790:796	arg1	response					798:805	the dietary response	786:805	the dietary response	786:805	The mice were previously studied for response to a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and we hypothesized that the dietary response was determined in part by gut microbiota composition.
26260972	12	63	theme	microbiota	1668:1677	arg1	composition					1679:1689	microbiota composition	1668:1689	microbiota composition	1668:1689	In an effort to further understand host-microbiota interactions, we mapped loci controlling microbiota composition and prioritized candidate genes.
26260972	8	64	theme	weight	1168:1173	arg1	gain					1175:1178	weight gain	1168:1178	weight gain	1168:1178	Consistent with a role of microbiota in dietary response, the cross-fostered SWR pups exhibited a significantly increased response in weight gain.
26260972	0	65	theme	environmental	12:24	arg1	control					26:32	Genetic and environmental control	0:32	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions	0:68	Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions.
26260972	7	66	theme	modest	937:942	arg1	response					944:951	a modest response	935:951	a modest response	935:951	We tested this using a cross-fostering strategy in which a strain showing a modest response, SWR, was seeded with microbiota from a strain showing a strong response, A×B19.
27332136	7	0	theme	mechanical	937:946	arg1	properties					948:957	these mechanical properties	931:957	these mechanical properties	931:957	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	5	1	theme	0.5	697:699	arg1	±					701:701	±	701:701	±	701:701	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	2	2	theme	micromechanical	313:327	arg1	response					329:336	the micromechanical response	309:336	the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix	309:356	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	4	3	from	time	538:541	arg1	soft					572:575	soft	572:575	soft	572:575	At the same time, the COC matrix is extremely soft.
27332136	4	3	from	time	538:541	arg1	matrix					552:557	the COC matrix	544:557	the COC matrix	544:557	At the same time, the COC matrix is extremely soft.
27332136	8	4	theme	important	1265:1273	arg1	functions					1275:1283	important functions	1265:1283	important functions	1265:1283	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	5	5	dep	in vivo	620:626	arg1	matrices					654:661	expanded COC matrices	641:661	expanded COC matrices	641:661	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	0	6	theme	Soft	97:100	arg1	Composition					114:124	a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition	86:124	a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition	86:124	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte Reveals a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition.
27332136	8	7	theme	structural	1229:1238	arg1	heterogeneity					1240:1252	structural heterogeneity	1229:1252	structural heterogeneity	1229:1252	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	8	theme	nonlinear	1164:1172	arg1	consequence					1214:1224	a consequence	1212:1224	a consequence of structural heterogeneity	1212:1252	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	8	theme	nonlinear	1164:1172	arg1	behavior					1182:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior	1149:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix	1149:1207	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	4	9	theme	same	533:536	arg1	time					538:541	the same time	529:541	the same time	529:541	At the same time, the COC matrix is extremely soft.
27332136	5	10	theme	Young	671:675	arg1	values					687:692	Young's modulus values	671:692	Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa	671:725	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	3	11	theme	original	478:485	arg1	shape					487:491	its original shape	474:491	its original shape	474:491	We found that the COC matrix is elastic insofar as it does not flow and its original shape is restored after force release.
27332136	2	12	theme	colloidal-probe	361:375	arg1	microscopy					390:399	colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy	361:399	colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy	361:399	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	0	13	theme	Elastic	106:112	arg1	Composition					114:124	a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition	86:124	a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition	86:124	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte Reveals a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition.
27332136	5	14	theme	±	701:701	arg1	0.1 Pa					703:708	0.5 ± 0.1 Pa	697:708	0.5 ± 0.1 Pa	697:708	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	3	15	dep	does	456:459	arg1	insofar					442:448	insofar	442:448	insofar	442:448	We found that the COC matrix is elastic insofar as it does not flow and its original shape is restored after force release.
27332136	7	16	theme	cumulus	1075:1081	arg1	cells					1083:1087	cumulus cells	1075:1087	cumulus cells	1075:1087	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	7	17	theme	COC	1110:1112	arg1	expansion					1114:1122	COC expansion in vivo	1110:1130	COC expansion in vivo	1110:1130	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	2	18	theme	matrix	351:356	arg1	response					329:336	the micromechanical response	309:336	the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix	309:356	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	0	19	theme	Micromechanical	0:14	arg1	Analysis					16:23	Micromechanical Analysis	0:23	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte	0:76	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte Reveals a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition.
27332136	5	20	theme	high	758:761	arg1	porosity					763:770	high porosity	758:770	high porosity	758:770	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	8	21	theme	heterogeneity	1240:1252	arg1	consequence					1214:1224	a consequence	1212:1224	a consequence of structural heterogeneity	1212:1252	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	21	theme	heterogeneity	1240:1252	arg1	behavior					1182:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior	1149:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix	1149:1207	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	2	22	theme	COC	347:349	arg1	matrix					351:356	mouse COC matrix	341:356	mouse COC matrix	341:356	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	5	23	theme	Pa	724:725	arg1	values					687:692	Young's modulus values	671:692	Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa	671:725	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	1	24	theme	vital	260:264	arg1	roles					266:270	vital roles	260:270	vital roles	260:270	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	8	25	from	transport	1324:1332	arg1	oviduct					1341:1347	oviduct	1341:1347	oviduct	1341:1347	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	25	from	transport	1324:1332	arg1	penetration					1359:1369	sperm penetration	1353:1369	sperm penetration	1353:1369	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	5	26	theme	in vitro	632:639	arg1	parts					611:615	the most compliant parts	592:615	the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices	592:661	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	3	27	theme	force	511:515	arg1	release					517:523	force release	511:523	force release	511:523	We found that the COC matrix is elastic insofar as it does not flow and its original shape is restored after force release.
27332136	1	28	theme	complex	151:157	arg1	matrix					165:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix	127:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix	127:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	1	28	theme	complex	151:157	arg1	coat					187:190	an extended coat	175:190	an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology	175:288	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	0	29	theme	Matrix	48:53	arg1	Analysis					16:23	Micromechanical Analysis	0:23	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte	0:76	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte Reveals a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition.
27332136	5	30	theme	expanded	641:648	arg1	matrices					654:661	expanded COC matrices	641:661	expanded COC matrices	641:661	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	3	31	theme	COC	420:422	arg1	matrix					424:429	the COC matrix	416:429	the COC matrix	416:429	We found that the COC matrix is elastic insofar as it does not flow and its original shape is restored after force release.
27332136	3	31	theme	COC	420:422	arg1	elastic					434:440	elastic	434:440	elastic	434:440	We found that the COC matrix is elastic insofar as it does not flow and its original shape is restored after force release.
27332136	8	32	theme	biological	1288:1297	arg1	processes					1299:1307	biological processes	1288:1307	biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration	1288:1369	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	32	theme	biological	1288:1297	arg1	transport					1324:1332	oocyte transport	1317:1332	oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration	1317:1369	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	1	33	theme	extended	178:185	arg1	matrix					165:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix	127:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix	127:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	1	33	theme	extended	178:185	arg1	coat					187:190	an extended coat	175:190	an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology	175:288	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	2	34	theme	force	384:388	arg1	microscopy					390:399	colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy	361:399	colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy	361:399	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	0	35	theme	Hyaluronan-Rich	32:46	arg1	Matrix					48:53	the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix	28:53	the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte	28:76	Micromechanical Analysis of the Hyaluronan-Rich Matrix Surrounding the Oocyte Reveals a Uniquely Soft and Elastic Composition.
27332136	1	36	theme	oocyte	275:280	arg1	biology					282:288	oocyte biology	275:288	oocyte biology	275:288	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	5	37	theme	COC	650:652	arg1	matrices					654:661	expanded COC matrices	641:661	expanded COC matrices	641:661	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	8	38	theme	sperm	1353:1357	arg1	penetration					1359:1369	sperm penetration	1353:1369	sperm penetration	1353:1369	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	2	39	theme	atomic	377:382	arg1	microscopy					390:399	colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy	361:399	colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy	361:399	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	7	40	theme	thick	1026:1030	arg1	shell					1039:1043	a thick matrix shell	1024:1043	a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo	1024:1130	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	7	40	theme	thick	1026:1030	arg1	devoid					1065:1070	devoid	1065:1070	devoid	1065:1070	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	5	41	theme	large	778:782	arg1	size					789:792	a large mesh size	776:792	a large mesh size (≥100 nm)	776:802	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	5	41	theme	large	778:782	arg1	≥100 nm					795:801	≥100 nm	795:801	≥100 nm	795:801	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	5	42	theme	compliant	601:609	arg1	parts					611:615	the most compliant parts	592:615	the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices	592:661	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	8	43	theme	COC	1198:1200	arg1	matrix					1202:1207	the COC matrix	1194:1207	the COC matrix	1194:1207	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	7	44	theme	matrix	1032:1037	arg1	shell					1039:1043	a thick matrix shell	1024:1043	a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo	1024:1130	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	7	44	theme	matrix	1032:1037	arg1	devoid					1065:1070	devoid	1065:1070	devoid	1065:1070	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	8	45	dep	oviduct	1341:1347	arg1	the					1337:1339	the	1337:1339	the	1337:1339	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	7	46	theme	cells	1083:1087	arg1	shell					1039:1043	a thick matrix shell	1024:1043	a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo	1024:1130	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	7	46	theme	cells	1083:1087	arg1	devoid					1065:1070	devoid	1065:1070	devoid	1065:1070	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	8	47	theme	elastic	1174:1180	arg1	consequence					1214:1224	a consequence	1212:1224	a consequence of structural heterogeneity	1212:1252	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	47	theme	elastic	1174:1180	arg1	behavior					1182:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior	1149:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix	1149:1207	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	6	48	theme	elastic	822:828	arg1	modulus					830:836	the elastic modulus	818:836	the elastic modulus	818:836	In addition, the elastic modulus increased progressively with indentation.
27332136	8	49	theme	oocyte	1317:1322	arg1	transport					1324:1332	oocyte transport	1317:1332	oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration	1317:1369	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	5	50	theme	0.1 Pa	703:708	arg1	values					687:692	Young's modulus values	671:692	Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa	671:725	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	7	51	theme	optical	899:905	arg1	microscopy					907:916	optical microscopy	899:916	optical microscopy	899:916	Furthermore, using optical microscopy to correlate these mechanical properties with ultrastructure, we discovered that the COC is surrounded by a thick matrix shell that is essentially devoid of cumulus cells and is enhanced upon COC expansion in vivo.
27332136	1	52	theme	cumulus	131:137	arg1	COC					160:162	COC	160:162	COC	160:162	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	1	52	theme	cumulus	131:137	arg1	complex					151:157	cumulus cell-oocyte complex	131:157	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix	127:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	5	53	theme	in vivo	620:626	arg1	parts					611:615	the most compliant parts	592:615	the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices	592:661	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	1	54	dep	hours	227:231	arg1	ovulation					240:248	ovulation	240:248	ovulation	240:248	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	8	55	theme	matrix	1202:1207	arg1	consequence					1214:1224	a consequence	1212:1224	a consequence of structural heterogeneity	1212:1252	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	55	theme	matrix	1202:1207	arg1	behavior					1182:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior	1149:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix	1149:1207	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	1	56	theme	cell-oocyte	139:149	arg1	COC					160:162	COC	160:162	COC	160:162	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	1	56	theme	cell-oocyte	139:149	arg1	complex					151:157	cumulus cell-oocyte complex	131:157	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix	127:170	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
27332136	5	57	theme	modulus	679:685	arg1	values					687:692	Young's modulus values	671:692	Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa	671:725	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	8	58	theme	pronounced	1153:1162	arg1	consequence					1214:1224	a consequence	1212:1224	a consequence of structural heterogeneity	1212:1252	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	8	58	theme	pronounced	1153:1162	arg1	behavior					1182:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior	1149:1189	the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix	1149:1207	We propose that the pronounced nonlinear elastic behavior of the COC matrix is a consequence of structural heterogeneity and serves important functions in biological processes such as oocyte transport in the oviduct and sperm penetration.
27332136	2	59	theme	mouse	341:345	arg1	matrix					351:356	mouse COC matrix	341:356	mouse COC matrix	341:356	Here, we analyzed the micromechanical response of mouse COC matrix by colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy.
27332136	4	60	theme	COC	548:550	arg1	soft					572:575	soft	572:575	soft	572:575	At the same time, the COC matrix is extremely soft.
27332136	4	60	theme	COC	548:550	arg1	matrix					552:557	the COC matrix	544:557	the COC matrix	544:557	At the same time, the COC matrix is extremely soft.
27332136	5	61	theme	mesh	784:787	arg1	size					789:792	a large mesh size	776:792	a large mesh size (≥100 nm)	776:802	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	5	61	theme	mesh	784:787	arg1	≥100 nm					795:801	≥100 nm	795:801	≥100 nm	795:801	Specifically, the most compliant parts of in vivo and in vitro expanded COC matrices yielded Young's modulus values of 0.5 ± 0.1 Pa and 1.6 ± 0.3 Pa, respectively, suggesting both high porosity and a large mesh size (≥100 nm).
27332136	1	62	theme	few	223:225	arg1	hours					227:231	a few hours	221:231	a few hours	221:231	The cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) matrix is an extended coat that forms around the oocyte a few hours before ovulation and plays vital roles in oocyte biology.
25599336	7	0	theme	binding	1199:1205	arg1	affinity					1207:1214	a low binding affinity	1193:1214	a low binding affinity	1193:1214	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	9	1	theme	methods	1368:1374	arg1	comparison					1348:1357	a comparison	1346:1357	a comparison of these methods	1346:1374	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	7	2	theme	hard	1090:1093	arg1	corona					1103:1108	the hard protein corona	1086:1108	the hard protein corona	1086:1108	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	11	3	theme	corona	1800:1805	arg1	aspects					1777:1783	different aspects	1767:1783	different aspects of the protein corona	1767:1805	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	5	4	theme	light	915:919	arg1	scattering					921:930	dynamic light scattering	907:930	dynamic light scattering (DLS)	907:936	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	4	theme	light	915:919	arg1	DLS					933:935	DLS	933:935	DLS	933:935	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	0	5	theme	Complementary	0:12	arg1	analysis					14:21	Complementary analysis	0:21	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	0:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	1	6	theme	nanocapsule-protein	170:188	arg1	interactions					190:201	nanocapsule-protein interactions	170:201	nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media	170:236	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	11	7	theme	complementary	1714:1726	arg1	techniques					1745:1754	complementary characterization techniques	1714:1754	complementary characterization techniques	1714:1754	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	3	8	theme	protein	557:563	arg1	corona					565:570	the hard protein corona	548:570	the hard protein corona	548:570	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	10	9	theme	pronounced	1507:1516	arg1	difference					1518:1527	a pronounced difference	1505:1527	a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied	1505:1618	We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied.
25599336	5	10	theme	nanocapsule-protein	827:845	arg1	interaction					847:857	the nanocapsule-protein interaction	823:857	the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS)	823:936	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	6	11	theme	ITC	947:949	arg1	measurements					951:962	ITC measurements	947:962	ITC measurements	947:962	DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface.
25599336	3	12	theme	sodium	580:585	arg1	SDS-PAGE					640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	3	12	theme	sodium	580:585	arg1	electrophoresis					623:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	580:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)	580:648	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	10	13	theme	protein	1536:1542	arg1	corona					1544:1549	the protein corona	1532:1549	the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied	1532:1618	We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied.
25599336	9	14	theme	protein	1432:1438	arg1	component					1410:1418	a component	1408:1418	a component of the hard protein corona and HSA	1408:1453	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	7	15	theme	ITC	1111:1113	arg1	measurements					1115:1126	ITC measurements	1111:1126	ITC measurements	1111:1126	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	7	16	located	detected	1074:1081	arg2	HSA					1062:1064	HSA	1062:1064	HSA	1062:1064	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	7	16	located	detected	1074:1081	arg1	corona					1103:1108	the hard protein corona	1086:1108	the hard protein corona	1086:1108	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	3	17	theme	gel	619:621	arg1	SDS-PAGE					640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	3	17	theme	gel	619:621	arg1	electrophoresis					623:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	580:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)	580:648	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	8	18	theme	ApoA-I	1270:1275	arg1	protein					1277:1283	ApoA-I protein	1270:1283	ApoA-I protein	1270:1283	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	0	19	theme	corona	52:57	arg1	preparation					67:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	3	20	theme	sulphate	595:602	arg1	SDS-PAGE					640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	3	20	theme	sulphate	595:602	arg1	electrophoresis					623:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	580:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)	580:648	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	6	21	theme	plasma	995:1000	arg1	proteins					1002:1009	plasma proteins	995:1009	plasma proteins	995:1009	DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface.
25599336	2	22	theme	hydroxyethyl	460:471	arg1	starch					473:478	hydroxyethyl starch	460:478	hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities	460:534	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	22	theme	hydroxyethyl	460:471	arg1	HES					481:483	HES	481:483	HES	481:483	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	4	23	theme	significant	687:697	arg1	differences					699:709	No significant differences	684:709	No significant differences	684:709	No significant differences were observed with regards to the hard protein corona.
25599336	0	24	theme	sample	60:65	arg1	preparation					67:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	5	25	theme	dynamic	907:913	arg1	scattering					921:930	dynamic light scattering	907:930	dynamic light scattering (DLS)	907:936	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	25	theme	dynamic	907:913	arg1	DLS					933:935	DLS	933:935	DLS	933:935	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	3	26	used	used	575:578	arg2	we					572:573	we	572:573	we	572:573	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	0	27	theme	corona	98:103	arg1	composition					105:115	corona composition	98:115	corona composition	98:115	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	9	28	theme	corona	1482:1487	arg1	component					1460:1468	a component	1458:1468	a component of the soft corona	1458:1487	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	8	29	theme	binding	1318:1324	arg1	affinities					1326:1335	high binding affinities	1313:1335	high binding affinities	1313:1335	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	2	30	theme	serum	385:389	arg1	albumin					391:397	human serum albumin	379:397	human serum albumin (HSA)	379:403	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	30	theme	serum	385:389	arg1	A-I					421:423	apolipoprotein A-I	406:423	apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)	406:432	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	30	theme	serum	385:389	arg1	HSA					400:402	HSA	400:402	HSA	400:402	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	5	31	theme	corona	799:804	arg1	analysis					770:777	analysis	770:777	analysis of the soft protein corona	770:804	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	32	with	interaction	847:857	arg1	scattering					921:930	dynamic light scattering	907:930	dynamic light scattering (DLS)	907:936	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	32	with	interaction	847:857	arg1	ITC					898:900	ITC	898:900	ITC	898:900	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	32	with	interaction	847:857	arg1	calorimetry					885:895	isothermal titration calorimetry	864:895	isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC)	864:901	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	32	with	interaction	847:857	arg1	DLS					933:935	DLS	933:935	DLS	933:935	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	2	33	dep	plasma	347:352	arg1	albumin					391:397	human serum albumin	379:397	human serum albumin (HSA)	379:403	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	33	dep	plasma	347:352	arg1	A-I					421:423	apolipoprotein A-I	406:423	apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)	406:432	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	33	dep	plasma	347:352	arg1	HSA					400:402	HSA	400:402	HSA	400:402	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	34	theme	apolipoprotein	406:419	arg1	ApoA-I					426:431	ApoA-I	426:431	ApoA-I	426:431	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	34	theme	apolipoprotein	406:419	arg1	albumin					391:397	human serum albumin	379:397	human serum albumin (HSA)	379:403	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	34	theme	apolipoprotein	406:419	arg1	A-I					421:423	apolipoprotein A-I	406:423	apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)	406:432	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	1	35	theme	protein	295:301	arg1	corona					303:308	soft protein corona	290:308	soft protein corona	290:308	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	10	36	theme	technique	1602:1610	arg1	type					1577:1580	the type	1573:1580	the type of characterization technique applied	1573:1618	We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied.
25599336	0	37	theme	hard	30:33	arg1	preparation					67:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	7	38	theme	low	1195:1197	arg1	affinity					1207:1214	a low binding affinity	1193:1214	a low binding affinity	1193:1214	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	5	39	theme	soft	786:789	arg1	corona					799:804	the soft protein corona	782:804	the soft protein corona	782:804	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	3	40	theme	quantitation	664:675	arg1	assay					677:681	a protein quantitation assay	654:681	a protein quantitation assay	654:681	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	10	41	theme	characterization	1585:1600	arg1	technique					1602:1610	characterization technique	1585:1610	characterization technique applied	1585:1618	We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied.
25599336	5	42	theme	titration	875:883	arg1	ITC					898:900	ITC	898:900	ITC	898:900	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	42	theme	titration	875:883	arg1	calorimetry					885:895	isothermal titration calorimetry	864:895	isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC)	864:901	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	10	43	from	difference	1518:1527	arg1	corona					1544:1549	the protein corona	1532:1549	the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied	1532:1618	We demonstrate a pronounced difference in the protein corona observed depending on the type of characterization technique applied.
25599336	7	44	theme	reaction	1220:1227	arg1	heat					1229:1232	reaction heat	1220:1232	reaction heat	1220:1232	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	7	45	theme	protein	1095:1101	arg1	corona					1103:1108	the hard protein corona	1086:1108	the hard protein corona	1086:1108	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	2	46	contain	possessing	499:508	arg1	nanocapsules					486:497	hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules	460:497	hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities	460:534	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	46	contain	possessing	499:508	arg2	functionalities					520:534	different functionalities	510:534	different functionalities	510:534	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	47	theme	individual	358:367	arg1	proteins					369:376	individual proteins	358:376	individual proteins	358:376	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	1	48	theme	called	274:279	arg1	hard					281:284	the so called hard	267:284	the so called hard	267:284	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	1	49	theme	interactions	190:201	arg1	analysis					158:165	a complementary analysis	142:165	a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media	142:236	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	5	50	theme	isothermal	864:873	arg1	ITC					898:900	ITC	898:900	ITC	898:900	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	5	50	theme	isothermal	864:873	arg1	calorimetry					885:895	isothermal titration calorimetry	864:895	isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC)	864:901	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	0	51	theme	soft	39:42	arg1	preparation					67:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	3	52	theme	hard	552:555	arg1	corona					565:570	the hard protein corona	548:570	the hard protein corona	548:570	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	3	53	dep	used	575:578	arg1	analyse					540:546	analyse	540:546	To analyse the hard protein corona	537:570	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	7	54	with	adsorption	1142:1151	arg1	affinity					1207:1214	a low binding affinity	1193:1214	a low binding affinity	1193:1214	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	7	54	with	adsorption	1142:1151	arg1	heat					1229:1232	reaction heat	1220:1232	reaction heat	1220:1232	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	11	55	theme	characterization	1728:1743	arg1	techniques					1745:1754	complementary characterization techniques	1714:1754	complementary characterization techniques	1714:1754	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	11	56	theme	protein	1792:1798	arg1	corona					1800:1805	the protein corona	1788:1805	the protein corona	1788:1805	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	1	57	theme	application	220:230	arg1	media					232:236	application media	220:236	application media	220:236	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	2	58	theme	different	510:518	arg1	functionalities					520:534	different functionalities	510:534	different functionalities	510:534	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	11	59	theme	different	1767:1775	arg1	aspects					1777:1783	different aspects	1767:1783	different aspects of the protein corona	1767:1805	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	9	60	theme	hard	1427:1430	arg1	protein					1432:1438	the hard protein corona and HSA	1423:1453	the hard protein corona and HSA	1423:1453	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	3	61	theme	polyacrylamide	604:617	arg1	SDS-PAGE					640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	3	61	theme	polyacrylamide	604:617	arg1	electrophoresis					623:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	580:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)	580:648	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	8	62	theme	small	1253:1257	arg1	amounts					1259:1265	only small amounts	1248:1265	only small amounts of ApoA-I protein	1248:1283	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	8	62	theme	small	1253:1257	arg1	protein					1277:1283	ApoA-I protein	1270:1283	ApoA-I protein	1270:1283	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	11	63	theme	protein	1678:1684	arg1	corona					1686:1691	the protein corona	1674:1691	the protein corona	1674:1691	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	3	64	theme	dodecyl	587:593	arg1	SDS-PAGE					640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	SDS-PAGE	640:647	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	3	64	theme	dodecyl	587:593	arg1	electrophoresis					623:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	580:637	sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)	580:648	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
25599336	6	65	theme	proteins	1002:1009	arg1	amount					985:990	a high amount	978:990	a high amount of plasma proteins	978:1009	DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface.
25599336	6	65	theme	proteins	1002:1009	arg1	proteins					1002:1009	plasma proteins	995:1009	plasma proteins	995:1009	DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface.
25599336	2	66	theme	starch	473:478	arg1	nanocapsules					486:497	hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules	460:497	hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities	460:534	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	0	67	theme	preparation	67:77	arg1	analysis					14:21	Complementary analysis	0:21	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	0:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	1	68	theme	complementary	144:156	arg1	analysis					158:165	a complementary analysis	142:165	a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media	142:236	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	8	69	theme	protein	1277:1283	arg1	amounts					1259:1265	only small amounts	1248:1265	only small amounts of ApoA-I protein	1248:1283	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	8	69	theme	protein	1277:1283	arg1	protein					1277:1283	ApoA-I protein	1270:1283	ApoA-I protein	1270:1283	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	7	70	theme	similar	1170:1176	arg1	amount					1163:1168	an HSA amount	1156:1168	an HSA amount similar to plasma	1156:1186	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	6	71	theme	high	980:983	arg1	amount					985:990	a high amount	978:990	a high amount of plasma proteins	978:1009	DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface.
25599336	6	71	theme	high	980:983	arg1	proteins					1002:1009	plasma proteins	995:1009	plasma proteins	995:1009	DLS and ITC measurements revealed that a high amount of plasma proteins were adsorbed onto the capsules' surface.
25599336	4	72	theme	protein	750:756	arg1	corona					758:763	the hard protein corona	741:763	the hard protein corona	741:763	No significant differences were observed with regards to the hard protein corona.
25599336	7	73	theme	HSA	1159:1161	arg1	amount					1163:1168	an HSA amount	1156:1168	an HSA amount similar to plasma	1156:1186	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	9	74	theme	soft	1477:1480	arg1	corona					1482:1487	the soft corona	1473:1487	the soft corona	1473:1487	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	9	75	dep	protein	1432:1438	arg1	corona					1440:1445	corona	1440:1445	corona	1440:1445	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	9	75	dep	protein	1432:1438	arg1	HSA					1451:1453	HSA	1451:1453	HSA	1451:1453	Through a comparison of these methods we have identified ApoA-I to be a component of the hard protein corona and HSA as a component of the soft corona.
25599336	5	76	theme	protein	791:797	arg1	corona					799:804	the soft protein corona	782:804	the soft protein corona	782:804	For analysis of the soft protein corona we characterized the nanocapsule-protein interaction with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).
25599336	8	77	theme	high	1313:1316	arg1	affinities					1326:1335	high binding affinities	1313:1335	high binding affinities	1313:1335	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	2	78	theme	human	379:383	arg1	albumin					391:397	human serum albumin	379:397	human serum albumin (HSA)	379:403	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	78	theme	human	379:383	arg1	A-I					421:423	apolipoprotein A-I	406:423	apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)	406:432	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	2	78	theme	human	379:383	arg1	HSA					400:402	HSA	400:402	HSA	400:402	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	1	79	theme	soft	290:293	arg1	corona					303:308	soft protein corona	290:308	soft protein corona	290:308	Here we demonstrate how a complementary analysis of nanocapsule-protein interactions with and without application media allows gaining insights into the so called hard and soft protein corona.
25599336	11	80	theme	biological	1628:1637	arg1	identity					1639:1646	the biological identity	1624:1646	the biological identity of a particle	1624:1660	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	4	81	theme	hard	745:748	arg1	corona					758:763	the hard protein corona	741:763	the hard protein corona	741:763	No significant differences were observed with regards to the hard protein corona.
25599336	8	82	with	capsules	1299:1306	arg1	affinities					1326:1335	high binding affinities	1313:1335	high binding affinities	1313:1335	In contrast, only small amounts of ApoA-I protein adsorb to the capsules with high binding affinities.
25599336	7	83	theme	amount	1163:1168	arg1	adsorption					1142:1151	the adsorption	1138:1151	the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat	1138:1232	Although HSA was not detected in the hard protein corona, ITC measurements indicated the adsorption of an HSA amount similar to plasma with a low binding affinity and reaction heat.
25599336	0	84	theme	protein	44:50	arg1	preparation					67:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation	26:77	Complementary analysis of the hard and soft protein corona: sample preparation critically effects corona composition.
25599336	11	85	theme	particle	1653:1660	arg1	identity					1639:1646	the biological identity	1624:1646	the biological identity of a particle	1624:1660	As the biological identity of a particle is given by the protein corona it is crucial to use complementary characterization techniques to analyse different aspects of the protein corona.
25599336	2	86	theme	human	341:345	arg1	plasma					347:352	human plasma	341:352	human plasma	341:352	We have investigated how both human plasma and individual proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I)) adsorb and interact with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) nanocapsules possessing different functionalities.
25599336	3	87	theme	protein	656:662	arg1	assay					677:681	a protein quantitation assay	654:681	a protein quantitation assay	654:681	To analyse the hard protein corona we used sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and a protein quantitation assay.
24730648	0	0	theme	Dicentrarchus	79:91	arg1	bass					73:76	cultured sea bass	60:76	cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	60:99	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	0	0	theme	Dicentrarchus	79:91	arg1	labrax					93:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	7	1	from	fish	1138:1141	arg1	samples					1125:1131	samples	1125:1131	samples from fish fed diet C	1125:1152	However, Ralstonia proportion significantly raised in samples from fish fed diet C and maintained this high level along the study period.
24730648	1	2	theme	chemotherapy	142:153	arg1	use					135:137	The routine use	123:137	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations	123:206	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	8	3	from	conditions	1364:1373	arg1	infection					1393:1401	infection	1393:1401	infection	1393:1401	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	3	from	conditions	1364:1373	arg1	system					1411:1416	immune system	1404:1416	immune system	1404:1416	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	3	from	conditions	1364:1373	arg1	fitness					1430:1436	general fitness	1422:1436	general fitness	1422:1436	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	4	theme	general	1422:1428	arg1	fitness					1430:1436	general fitness	1422:1436	general fitness	1422:1436	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	5	5	theme	dominant	776:783	arg1	genera					795:800	two dominant bacterial genera	772:800	two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes)	772:830	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	0	6	from	survey	15:20	arg1	bass					73:76	cultured sea bass	60:76	cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	60:99	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	0	6	from	survey	15:20	arg1	labrax					93:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	3	7	theme	Dicentrarchus	481:493	arg1	bass					475:478	cultured European sea bass	453:478	cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	453:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	3	7	theme	Dicentrarchus	481:493	arg1	labrax					495:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	8	8	theme	developed	1213:1221	arg1	protocol					1223:1230	The developed protocol	1209:1230	The developed protocol	1209:1230	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	3	9	theme	functional	511:520	arg1	diets					522:526	two functional diets	507:526	two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	507:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	8	10	used	used	1241:1244	arg2	protocol					1223:1230	The developed protocol	1209:1230	The developed protocol	1209:1230	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	1	11	theme	antibiotic	254:263	arg1	resistance					265:274	antibiotic resistance	254:274	antibiotic resistance	254:274	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	5	12	from	effects	872:878	arg1	dominance					896:904	this dominance	891:904	this dominance	891:904	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	8	13	from	composition	1259:1269	arg1	intestine					1308:1316	the fish intestine	1299:1316	the fish intestine	1299:1316	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	14	theme	fish	1303:1306	arg1	intestine					1308:1316	the fish intestine	1299:1316	the fish intestine	1299:1316	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	1	15	theme	resistance	265:274	arg1	development					228:238	development	228:238	development	228:238	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	1	15	theme	resistance	265:274	arg1	spread					244:249	spread	244:249	spread	244:249	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	0	16	theme	functional	105:114	arg1	diets					116:120	functional diets	105:120	functional diets	105:120	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	3	17	theme	European	462:469	arg1	bass					475:478	cultured European sea bass	453:478	cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	453:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	3	17	theme	European	462:469	arg1	labrax					495:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	8	18	theme	fish	1441:1444	arg1	conditions					1364:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	18	theme	fish	1441:1444	arg1	impact					1383:1388	its impact	1379:1388	its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish	1379:1444	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	6	19	theme	study	1064:1068	arg1	end					1053:1055	the end	1049:1055	the end of the study	1049:1068	In fact, the genus Dysgonomonas significantly decreased in samples from fish fed functional diets, recovering control levels at the end of the study.
24730648	5	20	theme	bass	754:757	arg1	microbiota					736:745	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota	707:745	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass	707:757	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	5	21	theme	bacterial	785:793	arg1	genera					795:800	two dominant bacterial genera	772:800	two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes)	772:830	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	8	22	theme	different	1324:1332	arg1	conditions					1364:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	23	from	impact	1383:1388	arg1	infection					1393:1401	infection	1393:1401	infection	1393:1401	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	23	from	impact	1383:1388	arg1	system					1411:1416	immune system	1404:1416	immune system	1404:1416	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	8	23	from	impact	1383:1388	arg1	fitness					1430:1436	general fitness	1422:1436	general fitness	1422:1436	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	1	24	theme	bacterial	166:174	arg1	diseases					176:183	bacterial diseases	166:183	bacterial diseases in aquatic populations	166:206	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	7	25	theme	study	1195:1199	arg1	period					1201:1206	the study period	1191:1206	the study period	1191:1206	However, Ralstonia proportion significantly raised in samples from fish fed diet C and maintained this high level along the study period.
24730648	4	26	theme	taxonomic	641:649	arg1	levels					651:656	genus taxonomic levels	635:656	genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier	635:704	Quality-filtered reads were assigned to family and genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier.
24730648	8	27	theme	environmental	1350:1362	arg1	conditions					1364:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	2	28	theme	strategies	363:372	arg1	inclusion					281:289	The inclusion	277:289	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets)	277:342	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	28	theme	strategies	363:372	arg1	one					347:349	one	347:349	one	347:349	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	28	theme	strategies	363:372	arg1	strategies					363:372	the main strategies	354:372	the main strategies	354:372	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	0	29	theme	Pyrosequencing	0:13	arg1	survey					15:20	Pyrosequencing survey	0:20	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	0:99	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	5	30	dep	genera	795:800	arg1	Bacteroidetes					817:829	Bacteroidetes	817:829	Bacteroidetes	817:829	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	5	30	dep	genera	795:800	arg1	Dysgonomonas					803:814	Dysgonomonas	803:814	Dysgonomonas	803:814	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	2	31	theme	fish	314:317	arg1	diets					337:341	functional diets	326:341	functional diets	326:341	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	31	theme	fish	314:317	arg1	diets					319:323	fish diets	314:323	fish diets (functional diets)	314:342	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	32	theme	main	358:361	arg1	strategies					363:372	the main strategies	354:372	the main strategies	354:372	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	0	33	theme	intestinal	25:34	arg1	diversity					47:55	intestinal microbiota diversity	25:55	intestinal microbiota diversity	25:55	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	8	34	theme	bacterial	1274:1282	arg1	communities					1284:1294	bacterial communities	1274:1294	bacterial communities	1274:1294	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	7	35	theme	Ralstonia	1080:1088	arg1	proportion					1090:1099	Ralstonia proportion	1080:1099	Ralstonia proportion	1080:1099	However, Ralstonia proportion significantly raised in samples from fish fed diet C and maintained this high level along the study period.
24730648	1	36	theme	aquatic	188:194	arg1	populations					196:206	aquatic populations	188:206	aquatic populations	188:206	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	3	37	theme	PCR-amplified	555:567	arg1	rRNA					573:576	PCR-amplified 16S rRNA	555:576	PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	555:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	8	38	theme	nutritional	1334:1344	arg1	conditions					1364:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	different nutritional and environmental conditions	1324:1373	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	1	39	dep	development	228:238	arg1	the					224:226	the	224:226	the	224:226	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	2	40	theme	immunostimulants	294:309	arg1	inclusion					281:289	The inclusion	277:289	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets)	277:342	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	40	theme	immunostimulants	294:309	arg1	one					347:349	one	347:349	one	347:349	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	40	theme	immunostimulants	294:309	arg1	strategies					363:372	the main strategies	354:372	the main strategies	354:372	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	5	41	theme	diet	883:886	arg1	effects					872:878	effects	872:878	effects of diet on this dominance	872:904	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	0	42	theme	diversity	47:55	arg1	survey					15:20	Pyrosequencing survey	0:20	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	0:99	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	5	43	theme	autochthonous	711:723	arg1	microbiota					736:745	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota	707:745	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass	707:757	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	7	44	theme	high	1174:1177	arg1	level					1179:1183	this high level	1169:1183	this high level	1169:1183	However, Ralstonia proportion significantly raised in samples from fish fed diet C and maintained this high level along the study period.
24730648	3	45	theme	gene	578:581	arg1	pyrosequencing					537:550	pyrosequencing	537:550	pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	537:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	4	46	theme	genus	635:639	arg1	levels					651:656	genus taxonomic levels	635:656	genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier	635:704	Quality-filtered reads were assigned to family and genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier.
24730648	0	47	theme	microbiota	36:45	arg1	diversity					47:55	intestinal microbiota diversity	25:55	intestinal microbiota diversity	25:55	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	6	48	theme	genus	934:938	arg1	Dysgonomonas					940:951	the genus Dysgonomonas	930:951	the genus Dysgonomonas	930:951	In fact, the genus Dysgonomonas significantly decreased in samples from fish fed functional diets, recovering control levels at the end of the study.
24730648	5	49	theme	intestinal	725:734	arg1	microbiota					736:745	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota	707:745	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass	707:757	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	8	50	theme	communities	1284:1294	arg1	composition					1259:1269	the composition	1255:1269	the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine	1255:1316	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	7	51	theme	diet	1147:1150	arg1	C					1152:1152	diet C	1147:1152	diet C	1147:1152	However, Ralstonia proportion significantly raised in samples from fish fed diet C and maintained this high level along the study period.
24730648	3	52	theme	intestinal	428:437	arg1	microbiota					439:448	the intestinal microbiota	424:448	the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	424:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	0	53	theme	cultured	60:67	arg1	bass					73:76	cultured sea bass	60:76	cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	60:99	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	0	53	theme	cultured	60:67	arg1	labrax					93:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	6	54	theme	control	1031:1037	arg1	levels					1039:1044	control levels	1031:1044	control levels	1031:1044	In fact, the genus Dysgonomonas significantly decreased in samples from fish fed functional diets, recovering control levels at the end of the study.
24730648	3	55	theme	16S	569:571	arg1	rRNA					573:576	PCR-amplified 16S rRNA	555:576	PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	555:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	3	56	theme	sea	471:473	arg1	bass					475:478	cultured European sea bass	453:478	cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	453:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	3	56	theme	sea	471:473	arg1	labrax					495:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	6	57	from	fish	993:996	arg1	samples					980:986	samples	980:986	samples from fish fed functional diets	980:1017	In fact, the genus Dysgonomonas significantly decreased in samples from fish fed functional diets, recovering control levels at the end of the study.
24730648	3	58	theme	rRNA	573:576	arg1	gene					578:581	PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	555:581	PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	555:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	3	59	theme	bass	475:478	arg1	microbiota					439:448	the intestinal microbiota	424:448	the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	424:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	8	60	theme	immune	1404:1409	arg1	system					1411:1416	immune system	1404:1416	immune system	1404:1416	The developed protocol could be used to study the composition of bacterial communities in the fish intestine under different nutritional and environmental conditions and its impact on infection, immune system and general fitness of fish.
24730648	2	61	theme	functional	326:335	arg1	diets					337:341	functional diets	326:341	functional diets	326:341	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	61	theme	functional	326:335	arg1	diets					319:323	fish diets	314:323	fish diets (functional diets)	314:342	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	4	62	theme	Project	687:693	arg1	classifier					695:704	the Ribosomal Database Project classifier	664:704	the Ribosomal Database Project classifier	664:704	Quality-filtered reads were assigned to family and genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier.
24730648	5	63	theme	sea	750:752	arg1	bass					754:757	sea bass	750:757	sea bass	750:757	The autochthonous intestinal microbiota of sea bass consisted of two dominant bacterial genera: Dysgonomonas (Bacteroidetes) and Ralstonia (Betaproteobacteria), but effects of diet on this dominance were observed.
24730648	1	64	from	diseases	176:183	arg1	populations					196:206	aquatic populations	188:206	aquatic populations	188:206	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	1	65	theme	routine	127:133	arg1	use					135:137	The routine use	123:137	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations	123:206	The routine use of chemotherapy to control bacterial diseases in aquatic populations has resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance.
24730648	3	66	theme	cultured	453:460	arg1	bass					475:478	cultured European sea bass	453:478	cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene	453:581	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	3	66	theme	cultured	453:460	arg1	labrax					495:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	Dicentrarchus labrax	481:500	This study aimed to analyse the intestinal microbiota of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed two functional diets applying pyrosequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene.
24730648	4	67	dep	Quality-filtered	584:599	arg1	reads					601:605	reads	601:605	reads	601:605	Quality-filtered reads were assigned to family and genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier.
24730648	4	68	theme	Database	678:685	arg1	Project					687:693	the Ribosomal Database Project	664:693	the Ribosomal Database Project classifier	664:704	Quality-filtered reads were assigned to family and genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier.
24730648	2	69	from	inclusion	281:289	arg1	diets					337:341	functional diets	326:341	functional diets	326:341	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	2	69	from	inclusion	281:289	arg1	diets					319:323	fish diets	314:323	fish diets (functional diets)	314:342	The inclusion of immunostimulants in fish diets (functional diets) is one of the main strategies to solve this threat.
24730648	0	70	theme	sea	69:71	arg1	bass					73:76	cultured sea bass	60:76	cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)	60:99	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	0	70	theme	sea	69:71	arg1	labrax					93:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Dicentrarchus labrax	79:98	Pyrosequencing survey of intestinal microbiota diversity in cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed functional diets.
24730648	4	71	theme	Ribosomal	668:676	arg1	Project					687:693	the Ribosomal Database Project	664:693	the Ribosomal Database Project classifier	664:704	Quality-filtered reads were assigned to family and genus taxonomic levels using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier.
24730648	6	72	theme	functional	1002:1011	arg1	diets					1013:1017	functional diets	1002:1017	functional diets	1002:1017	In fact, the genus Dysgonomonas significantly decreased in samples from fish fed functional diets, recovering control levels at the end of the study.
25316289	5	0	contain	have	746:749	arg2	structure					763:771	a monomeric structure	751:771	a monomeric structure	751:771	The purified recombinant enzyme was characterized to have a monomeric structure.
25316289	5	0	contain	have	746:749	arg1	enzyme					718:723	The purified recombinant enzyme	693:723	The purified recombinant enzyme	693:723	The purified recombinant enzyme was characterized to have a monomeric structure.
25316289	9	1	theme	redox	1271:1275	arg1	modification					1277:1288	redox modification	1271:1288	redox modification	1271:1288	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	9	2	theme	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine	1126:1149	arg1	enzyme					1192:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme	1170:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite	1170:1213	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	9	2	theme	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine	1126:1149	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1151:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	11	3	theme	key	1510:1512	arg1	role					1514:1517	a key role	1508:1517	a key role	1508:1517	The enzyme exhibits the ability to synthesize UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose and it plays a key role providing substrates to glycosyl transferases that produce oligo and polysaccharides.
25316289	12	4	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1613:1624	arg1	characterization					1630:1645	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization	1605:1645	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1605:1693	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	13	5	theme	promiscuous	1858:1868	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1882:1898	the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1854:1898	the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism	1854:1915	As well, we propose a new pathway for UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism.
25316289	1	6	theme	humans	173:178	arg1	lamblia					148:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	1	6	theme	humans	173:178	arg1	pathogen					161:168	a pathogen	159:168	a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates	159:200	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	11	7	theme	glycosyl	1543:1550	arg1	transferases					1552:1563	glycosyl transferases	1543:1563	glycosyl transferases that produce oligo and polysaccharides	1543:1602	The enzyme exhibits the ability to synthesize UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose and it plays a key role providing substrates to glycosyl transferases that produce oligo and polysaccharides.
25316289	4	8	theme	molecular	531:539	arg1	cloning					541:547	the molecular cloning	527:547	the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia	527:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	13	9	theme	UDP-glucose	1870:1880	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1882:1898	the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1854:1898	the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism	1854:1915	As well, we propose a new pathway for UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism.
25316289	8	10	dep	compounds	982:990	arg1	compounds					982:990	physiological compounds	968:990	physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide)	968:1027	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	8	10	dep	compounds	982:990	arg1	peroxide					1002:1009	hydrogen peroxide	993:1009	hydrogen peroxide	993:1009	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	8	10	dep	compounds	982:990	arg1	oxide					1022:1026	nitric oxide	1015:1026	nitric oxide	1015:1026	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	10	11	theme	UDP-glucose	1346:1356	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1358:1374	the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1342:1374	the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1342:1374	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in G. lamblia the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is regulated by oxido-reduction mechanism.
25316289	4	12	theme	lamblia	623:629	arg1	DNA					613:615	genomic DNA	605:615	genomic DNA of G. lamblia	605:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	12	13	theme	UDP-glucose	1665:1675	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1677:1693	the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1650:1693	the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1650:1693	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	5	14	theme	purified	697:704	arg1	enzyme					718:723	The purified recombinant enzyme	693:723	The purified recombinant enzyme	693:723	The purified recombinant enzyme was characterized to have a monomeric structure.
25316289	4	15	theme	G.	620:621	arg1	lamblia					623:629	G. lamblia	620:629	G. lamblia	620:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	13	16	theme	UDP-galactose	1817:1829	arg1	production					1831:1840	UDP-galactose production	1817:1840	UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism	1817:1915	As well, we propose a new pathway for UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism.
25316289	6	17	used	used	849:852	arg2	enzyme					837:842	the enzyme	833:842	the enzyme	833:842	Glucose-1-phosphate and UTP were preferred substrates, but the enzyme also used galactose-1-phosphate and TTP.
25316289	9	18	theme	other	1174:1178	arg1	enzyme					1192:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme	1170:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite	1170:1213	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	9	18	theme	other	1174:1178	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1151:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	4	19	from	DNA	613:615	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					582:598	UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	570:598	UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia	570:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	0	20	from	lamblia	47:53	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					16:32	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	0:32	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia	0:53	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia is redox regulated and exhibits promiscuity to use galactose-1-phosphate.
25316289	0	20	from	lamblia	47:53	arg1	regulated					64:72	regulated	64:72	regulated	64:72	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia is redox regulated and exhibits promiscuity to use galactose-1-phosphate.
25316289	9	21	theme	UTP-related	1180:1190	arg1	enzyme					1192:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme	1170:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite	1170:1213	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	9	21	theme	UTP-related	1180:1190	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1151:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	1	22	theme	other	184:188	arg1	vertebrates					190:200	other vertebrates	184:200	other vertebrates	184:200	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	0	23	theme	UDP-glucose	4:14	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					16:32	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	0:32	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia	0:53	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia is redox regulated and exhibits promiscuity to use galactose-1-phosphate.
25316289	0	23	theme	UDP-glucose	4:14	arg1	regulated					64:72	regulated	64:72	regulated	64:72	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia is redox regulated and exhibits promiscuity to use galactose-1-phosphate.
25316289	10	24	theme	oxido-reduction	1392:1406	arg1	mechanism					1408:1416	oxido-reduction mechanism	1392:1416	oxido-reduction mechanism	1392:1416	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in G. lamblia the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is regulated by oxido-reduction mechanism.
25316289	1	25	theme	vertebrates	190:200	arg1	lamblia					148:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	1	25	theme	vertebrates	190:200	arg1	pathogen					161:168	a pathogen	159:168	a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates	159:200	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	8	26	theme	physiological	968:980	arg1	compounds					982:990	physiological compounds	968:990	physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide)	968:1027	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	8	26	theme	physiological	968:980	arg1	peroxide					1002:1009	hydrogen peroxide	993:1009	hydrogen peroxide	993:1009	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	8	26	theme	physiological	968:980	arg1	oxide					1022:1026	nitric oxide	1015:1026	nitric oxide	1015:1026	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	3	27	theme	relevant	404:411	arg1	UDP-glucose					387:397	UDP-glucose	387:397	UDP-glucose	387:397	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
25316289	3	27	theme	relevant	404:411	arg1	metabolite					413:422	a relevant metabolite	402:422	a relevant metabolite	402:422	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
25316289	4	28	theme	UDP-glucose	570:580	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					582:598	UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	570:598	UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia	570:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	7	29	theme	catalytic	889:897	arg1	significant					942:952	significant	942:952	significant	942:952	The catalytic efficiency to synthesize UDP-galactose was significant.
25316289	7	29	theme	catalytic	889:897	arg1	efficiency					899:908	The catalytic efficiency	885:908	The catalytic efficiency to synthesize UDP-galactose	885:936	The catalytic efficiency to synthesize UDP-galactose was significant.
25316289	4	30	theme	genomic	605:611	arg1	DNA					613:615	genomic DNA	605:615	genomic DNA of G. lamblia	605:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	13	31	theme	new	1801:1803	arg1	pathway					1805:1811	a new pathway	1799:1811	a new pathway for UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism	1799:1915	As well, we propose a new pathway for UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism.
25316289	4	32	from	expression	661:670	arg1	coli					687:690	Escherichia coli	675:690	Escherichia coli	675:690	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	4	33	theme	heterologous	648:659	arg1	expression					661:670	its heterologous expression	644:670	its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli	644:690	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	4	34	dep	RESULTS	501:507	arg1	report					520:525	report	520:525	report	520:525	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	12	35	theme	G.	1654:1655	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1677:1693	the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1650:1693	the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1650:1693	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	2	36	theme	oligo	247:251	arg1	synthesis					207:215	The synthesis	203:215	The synthesis of glycogen and of structural oligo and polysaccharides	203:271	The synthesis of glycogen and of structural oligo and polysaccharides critically determine the parasite's capacity for survival and pathogenicity.
25316289	10	37	theme	G.	1331:1332	arg1	lamblia					1334:1340	G. lamblia	1331:1340	G. lamblia	1331:1340	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in G. lamblia the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is regulated by oxido-reduction mechanism.
25316289	3	38	theme	carbohydrate	470:481	arg1	routes					493:498	varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	463:498	varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	463:498	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
25316289	0	39	theme	Giardia	39:45	arg1	lamblia					47:53	Giardia lamblia	39:53	Giardia lamblia	39:53	The UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Giardia lamblia is redox regulated and exhibits promiscuity to use galactose-1-phosphate.
25316289	3	40	theme	main	436:439	arg1	substrate					441:449	a main substrate	434:449	a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	434:498	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
25316289	3	40	theme	main	436:439	arg1	it					428:429	it	428:429	it	428:429	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
25316289	12	41	theme	pyrophosphorylase	1677:1693	arg1	characterization					1630:1645	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization	1605:1645	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1605:1693	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	3	42	theme	metabolic	483:491	arg1	routes					493:498	varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	463:498	varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	463:498	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
25316289	13	43	theme	organism	1908:1915	arg1	pyrophosphorylase					1882:1898	the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1854:1898	the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism	1854:1915	As well, we propose a new pathway for UDP-galactose production mediated by the promiscuous UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase of this organism.
25316289	5	44	theme	recombinant	706:716	arg1	enzyme					718:723	The purified recombinant enzyme	693:723	The purified recombinant enzyme	693:723	The purified recombinant enzyme was characterized to have a monomeric structure.
25316289	12	45	theme	redox	1762:1766	arg1	mechanism					1768:1776	a redox mechanism	1760:1776	a redox mechanism	1760:1776	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	6	46	theme	preferred	807:815	arg1	substrates					817:826	preferred substrates	807:826	preferred substrates	807:826	Glucose-1-phosphate and UTP were preferred substrates, but the enzyme also used galactose-1-phosphate and TTP.
25316289	1	47	theme	BACKGROUND	129:138	arg1	lamblia					148:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	1	47	theme	BACKGROUND	129:138	arg1	pathogen					161:168	a pathogen	159:168	a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates	159:200	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	5	48	theme	monomeric	753:761	arg1	structure					763:771	a monomeric structure	751:771	a monomeric structure	751:771	The purified recombinant enzyme was characterized to have a monomeric structure.
25316289	2	49	theme	glycogen	220:227	arg1	synthesis					207:215	The synthesis	203:215	The synthesis of glycogen and of structural oligo and polysaccharides	203:271	The synthesis of glycogen and of structural oligo and polysaccharides critically determine the parasite's capacity for survival and pathogenicity.
25316289	8	50	theme	nitric	1015:1020	arg1	compounds					982:990	physiological compounds	968:990	physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide)	968:1027	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	8	50	theme	nitric	1015:1020	arg1	oxide					1022:1026	nitric oxide	1015:1026	nitric oxide	1015:1026	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	1	51	theme	Giardia	140:146	arg1	lamblia					148:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia	129:154	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	1	51	theme	Giardia	140:146	arg1	pathogen					161:168	a pathogen	159:168	a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates	159:200	BACKGROUND Giardia lamblia is a pathogen of humans and other vertebrates.
25316289	8	52	theme	hydrogen	993:1000	arg1	compounds					982:990	physiological compounds	968:990	physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide)	968:1027	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	8	52	theme	hydrogen	993:1000	arg1	peroxide					1002:1009	hydrogen peroxide	993:1009	hydrogen peroxide	993:1009	Oxidation by physiological compounds (hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) inactivated the enzyme and the process was reverted after reduction by cysteine and thioredoxin.
25316289	4	53	theme	gene	556:559	arg1	cloning					541:547	the molecular cloning	527:547	the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia	527:629	RESULTS Herein, we report the molecular cloning of the gene encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from genomic DNA of G. lamblia, followed by its heterologous expression in Escherichia coli.
25316289	9	54	used	used	1224:1227	arg2	pyrophosphorylase					1151:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase	1126:1167	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	9	54	used	used	1224:1227	arg2	enzyme					1192:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme	1170:1197	the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite	1170:1213	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	12	55	theme	GENERAL	1605:1611	arg1	SIGNIFICANCE					1613:1624	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE	1605:1624	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1605:1693	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	12	56	dep	G.	1654:1655	arg1	lamblia					1657:1663	G. lamblia	1654:1663	the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase	1650:1693	GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The characterization of the G. lamblia UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase reinforces the view that in protozoa this enzyme is regulated by a redox mechanism.
25316289	9	57	from	enzyme	1192:1197	arg1	parasite					1206:1213	the parasite	1202:1213	the parasite	1202:1213	UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine pyrophosphorylase, the other UTP-related enzyme in the parasite, neither used galactose-1-phosphate nor was affected by redox modification.
25316289	10	58	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1291:1301	arg1	suggest					1315:1321	suggest	1315:1321	suggest that in G. lamblia the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is regulated by oxido-reduction mechanism	1315:1416	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that in G. lamblia the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is regulated by oxido-reduction mechanism.
25316289	2	59	theme	polysaccharides	257:271	arg1	synthesis					207:215	The synthesis	203:215	The synthesis of glycogen and of structural oligo and polysaccharides	203:271	The synthesis of glycogen and of structural oligo and polysaccharides critically determine the parasite's capacity for survival and pathogenicity.
25316289	3	60	theme	varied	463:468	arg1	routes					493:498	varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	463:498	varied carbohydrate metabolic routes	463:498	These characteristics establish that UDP-glucose is a relevant metabolite, as it is a main substrate to initiate varied carbohydrate metabolic routes.
29292151	8	0	theme	ex-vivo	1223:1229	arg1	time					1243:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	1	theme	native	1196:1201	arg1	gum					1203:1205	native gum	1196:1205	native gum	1196:1205	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	3	2	from	influence	275:283	arg1	efficiency					376:385	grafting efficiency	367:385	grafting efficiency of graft copolymer	367:404	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	3	3	theme	ammonium	344:351	arg1	persulfate					353:362	ammonium persulfate	344:362	ammonium persulfate	344:362	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	1	4	theme	microwave-assisted	138:155	arg1	reaction					181:188	microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction	138:188	microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction	138:188	In the present study, MG-g-poly(NVP) was synthesized using microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction.
29292151	8	5	theme	greater	1252:1258	arg1	effect					1278:1283	greater sustained release effect	1252:1283	greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer	1252:1306	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	4	6	theme	Moringa	549:555	arg1	concentration					532:544	concentration	532:544	concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	532:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	6	theme	Moringa	549:555	arg1	parameters					504:513	The optimal calculated parameters	481:513	The optimal calculated parameters	481:513	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	7	theme	%	673:673	arg1	%					701:701	24.23%	696:701	24.23%	696:701	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	7	theme	%	673:673	arg1	efficiency					684:693	% grafting efficiency	673:693	% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	673:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	3	8	theme	graft	390:394	arg1	copolymer					396:404	graft copolymer	390:404	graft copolymer	390:404	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	8	9	theme	discs	1165:1169	arg1	evaluation					1144:1153	A comparative evaluation	1130:1153	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum	1130:1205	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	4	10	theme	calculated	493:502	arg1	concentration					532:544	concentration	532:544	concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	532:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	10	theme	calculated	493:502	arg1	parameters					504:513	The optimal calculated parameters	481:513	The optimal calculated parameters	481:513	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	3	11	theme	grafting	367:374	arg1	efficiency					376:385	grafting efficiency	367:385	grafting efficiency of graft copolymer	367:404	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	6	12	theme	Moringa	940:946	arg1	gum					948:950	Moringa gum	940:950	Moringa gum	940:950	The results of characterization revealed that grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone on Moringa gum decreases its crystallinity and makes its surface smoother.
29292151	3	13	dep	3-factor	424:431	arg1	3-level					434:440	3-level	434:440	3-level	434:440	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	7	14	theme	Graft	1012:1016	arg1	copolymer					1018:1026	Graft copolymer	1012:1026	Graft copolymer	1012:1026	Graft copolymer was further evaluated for pharmaceutical application by formulating clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs.
29292151	4	15	theme	efficiency	684:693	arg1	co-polymer					660:669	a graft co-polymer	652:669	a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	652:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	1	16	theme	graft	157:161	arg1	reaction					181:188	microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction	138:188	microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction	138:188	In the present study, MG-g-poly(NVP) was synthesized using microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction.
29292151	8	17	theme	sustained	1260:1268	arg1	effect					1278:1283	greater sustained release effect	1252:1283	greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer	1252:1306	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	18	theme	comparative	1132:1142	arg1	evaluation					1144:1153	A comparative evaluation	1130:1153	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum	1130:1205	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	19	theme	co-polymer	1180:1189	arg1	evaluation					1144:1153	A comparative evaluation	1130:1153	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum	1130:1205	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	1	20	theme	co-polymerization	163:179	arg1	reaction					181:188	microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction	138:188	microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction	138:188	In the present study, MG-g-poly(NVP) was synthesized using microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction.
29292151	5	21	theme	electron	828:835	arg1	microscopy					837:846	scanning electron microscopy	819:846	scanning electron microscopy	819:846	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	6	22	theme	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone	915:935	arg1	grafting					903:910	grafting	903:910	grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone on Moringa gum	903:950	The results of characterization revealed that grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone on Moringa gum decreases its crystallinity and makes its surface smoother.
29292151	8	23	theme	buccal	1158:1163	arg1	discs					1165:1169	buccal discs	1158:1169	buccal discs	1158:1169	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	5	24	theme	Fourier-transform	756:772	arg1	spectroscopy					783:794	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	756:794	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	756:794	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	3	25	theme	composite	450:458	arg1	design					473:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	0	26	theme	Moringa	0:6	arg1	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone					19:39	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone	19:39	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone	19:39	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.
29292151	0	26	theme	Moringa	0:6	arg1	gum-g-poly					8:17	Moringa gum-g-poly	0:17	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.	0:77	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.
29292151	5	27	dep	spectroscopy	783:794	arg1	studies					848:854	studies	848:854	studies	848:854	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	8	28	dep	higher	1216:1221	arg1	effect					1278:1283	greater sustained release effect	1252:1283	greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer	1252:1306	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	28	dep	higher	1216:1221	arg1	time					1243:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	1	29	theme	present	86:92	arg1	study					94:98	the present study	82:98	the present study	82:98	In the present study, MG-g-poly(NVP) was synthesized using microwave-assisted graft co-polymerization reaction.
29292151	3	30	theme	experimental	460:471	arg1	design					473:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	3	31	theme	copolymer	396:404	arg1	efficiency					376:385	grafting efficiency	367:385	grafting efficiency of graft copolymer	367:404	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	3	32	theme	concentration	288:300	arg1	influence					275:283	The influence	271:283	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer	271:404	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	6	33	from	grafting	903:910	arg1	gum					948:950	Moringa gum	940:950	Moringa gum	940:950	The results of characterization revealed that grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone on Moringa gum decreases its crystallinity and makes its surface smoother.
29292151	6	34	theme	characterization	872:887	arg1	results					861:867	The results	857:867	The results of characterization	857:887	The results of characterization revealed that grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone on Moringa gum decreases its crystallinity and makes its surface smoother.
29292151	7	35	theme	buccal	1116:1121	arg1	discs					1123:1127	clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs	1096:1127	clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs	1096:1127	Graft copolymer was further evaluated for pharmaceutical application by formulating clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs.
29292151	4	36	theme	optimal	485:491	arg1	concentration					532:544	concentration	532:544	concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	532:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	36	theme	optimal	485:491	arg1	parameters					504:513	The optimal calculated parameters	481:513	The optimal calculated parameters	481:513	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	5	37	theme	X-ray	797:801	arg1	diffraction					803:813	X-ray diffraction	797:813	X-ray diffraction	797:813	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	5	38	theme	graft	709:713	arg1	co-polymer					715:724	The graft co-polymer	705:724	The graft co-polymer	705:724	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	2	39	theme	response	241:248	arg1	methodology					258:268	response surface methodology	241:268	response surface methodology	241:268	Synthesis of graft co-polymer was optimized using response surface methodology.
29292151	4	40	theme	grafting	675:682	arg1	%					701:701	24.23%	696:701	24.23%	696:701	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	40	theme	grafting	675:682	arg1	efficiency					684:693	% grafting efficiency	673:693	% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	673:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	3	41	theme	central	442:448	arg1	design					473:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	8	42	theme	graft	1174:1178	arg1	co-polymer					1180:1189	graft co-polymer	1174:1189	graft co-polymer with native gum	1174:1205	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	43	theme	bioadhesion	1231:1241	arg1	time					1243:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	44	theme	graft	1292:1296	arg1	copolymer					1298:1306	the graft copolymer	1288:1306	the graft copolymer	1288:1306	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	4	45	theme	graft	654:658	arg1	co-polymer					660:669	a graft co-polymer	652:669	a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%)	652:702	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	3	46	theme	3-factor	424:431	arg1	design					473:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design	424:478	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	4	47	dep	Moringa	549:555	arg1	w/v					565:567	w/v	565:567	w/v	565:567	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	47	dep	Moringa	549:555	arg1	persulfate-10 mMol/L					616:635	ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L	607:635	ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L	607:635	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	47	dep	Moringa	549:555	arg1	%					562:562	gum-1%	557:562	gum-1% (w/v)	557:568	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	47	dep	Moringa	549:555	arg1	%					594:594	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2%	571:594	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v)	571:600	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	4	47	dep	Moringa	549:555	arg1	w/v					597:599	w/v	597:599	w/v	597:599	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	8	48	theme	copolymer	1298:1306	arg1	effect					1278:1283	greater sustained release effect	1252:1283	greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer	1252:1306	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	48	theme	copolymer	1298:1306	arg1	time					1243:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	ex-vivo bioadhesion time	1223:1246	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	0	49	theme	buccoadhesive	56:68	arg1	polymer					70:76	a potential buccoadhesive polymer	44:76	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.	0:77	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.
29292151	7	50	theme	clotrimazole-loaded	1096:1114	arg1	discs					1123:1127	clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs	1096:1127	clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs	1096:1127	Graft copolymer was further evaluated for pharmaceutical application by formulating clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs.
29292151	5	51	theme	scanning	819:826	arg1	microscopy					837:846	scanning electron microscopy	819:846	scanning electron microscopy	819:846	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	3	52	theme	N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone	318:338	arg1	concentration					288:300	concentration	288:300	concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate	288:362	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	2	53	theme	co-polymer	210:219	arg1	Synthesis					191:199	Synthesis	191:199	Synthesis of graft co-polymer	191:219	Synthesis of graft co-polymer was optimized using response surface methodology.
29292151	8	54	with	co-polymer	1180:1189	arg1	gum					1203:1205	native gum	1196:1205	native gum	1196:1205	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	3	55	theme	Moringa	305:311	arg1	gum					313:315	Moringa gum	305:315	Moringa gum	305:315	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	2	56	theme	graft	204:208	arg1	co-polymer					210:219	graft co-polymer	204:219	graft co-polymer	204:219	Synthesis of graft co-polymer was optimized using response surface methodology.
29292151	5	57	theme	infrared	774:781	arg1	spectroscopy					783:794	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	756:794	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	756:794	The graft co-polymer were further characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy studies.
29292151	3	58	theme	gum	313:315	arg1	concentration					288:300	concentration	288:300	concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate	288:362	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	8	59	theme	release	1270:1276	arg1	effect					1278:1283	greater sustained release effect	1252:1283	greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer	1252:1306	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	8	60	theme	native	1316:1321	arg1	gum					1323:1325	native gum	1316:1325	native gum	1316:1325	A comparative evaluation of buccal discs of graft co-polymer with native gum revealed higher ex-vivo bioadhesion time and greater sustained release effect of the graft copolymer than of native gum.
29292151	4	61	theme	ammonium	607:614	arg1	persulfate-10 mMol/L					616:635	ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L	607:635	ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L	607:635	The optimal calculated parameters were found to be concentration of Moringa gum-1% (w/v), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-2% (w/v), and ammonium persulfate-10 mMol/L, which yielded a graft co-polymer of% grafting efficiency (24.23%).
29292151	3	62	theme	persulfate	353:362	arg1	concentration					288:300	concentration	288:300	concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate	288:362	The influence of concentration of Moringa gum, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and ammonium persulfate on grafting efficiency of graft copolymer was studied using 3-factor, 3-level central composite experimental design.
29292151	0	63	dep	gum-g-poly	8:17	arg1	polymer					70:76	a potential buccoadhesive polymer	44:76	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.	0:77	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.
29292151	7	64	theme	pharmaceutical	1054:1067	arg1	application					1069:1079	pharmaceutical application	1054:1079	pharmaceutical application	1054:1079	Graft copolymer was further evaluated for pharmaceutical application by formulating clotrimazole-loaded buccal discs.
29292151	0	65	theme	potential	46:54	arg1	polymer					70:76	a potential buccoadhesive polymer	44:76	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.	0:77	Moringa gum-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) - a potential buccoadhesive polymer.
29292151	2	66	theme	surface	250:256	arg1	methodology					258:268	response surface methodology	241:268	response surface methodology	241:268	Synthesis of graft co-polymer was optimized using response surface methodology.
29292151	6	67	theme	surface	994:1000	arg1	smoother					1002:1009	its surface smoother	990:1009	its surface smoother	990:1009	The results of characterization revealed that grafting of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone on Moringa gum decreases its crystallinity and makes its surface smoother.
24689041	4	0	theme	electrospun	488:498	arg1	mat					500:502	the final electrospun mat	478:502	the final electrospun mat	478:502	The fraction of chitosan in the final electrospun mat was adjusted from 0 to 33%.
24689041	5	1	theme	PLGA	646:649	arg1	distribution					630:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution	595:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section	595:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	6	2	theme	electrospun	724:734	arg1	mats					736:739	electrospun mats	724:739	electrospun mats	724:739	Infrared spectroscopy verifies that electrospun mats contain both PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	7	3	theme	PLGA	906:909	arg1	mats					893:896	electrospun mats	881:896	electrospun mats of pure PLGA	881:909	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	0	4	theme	biomedical	82:91	arg1	applications					93:104	biomedical applications	82:104	biomedical applications	82:104	Emulsion electrospinning as an approach to fabricate PLGA/chitosan nanofibers for biomedical applications.
24689041	10	5	theme	PLGA/chitosan	1314:1326	arg1	scaffold					1302:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold	1276:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan	1276:1326	It can be assumed that the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan could be potentially used for skin tissue reconstruction.
24689041	10	6	theme	nanofibrous	1280:1290	arg1	scaffold					1302:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold	1276:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan	1276:1326	It can be assumed that the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan could be potentially used for skin tissue reconstruction.
24689041	5	7	theme	chitosan	655:662	arg1	distribution					630:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution	595:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section	595:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	8	8	theme	dry	976:978	arg1	conditions					988:997	dry and wet conditions	976:997	dry and wet conditions	976:997	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	8	9	theme	polyblend	1034:1042	arg1	mats					1044:1047	the polyblend mats	1030:1047	the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan	1030:1064	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	8	9	theme	polyblend	1034:1042	arg1	strong					1070:1075	strong	1070:1075	strong	1070:1075	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	5	10	theme	uniform	595:601	arg1	distribution					630:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution	595:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section	595:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	9	11	theme	Cell	1118:1121	arg1	studies					1131:1137	Cell culture studies	1118:1137	Cell culture studies	1118:1137	Cell culture studies suggest that PLGA/chitosan nanofibers promote fibroblast attachment and proliferation compared to PLGA membranes.
24689041	3	12	theme	electrospun	352:362	arg1	nanofibers					364:373	the electrospun nanofibers	348:373	the electrospun nanofibers	348:373	PVA was extracted from the electrospun nanofibers, resulting in a final scaffold consisting of a blend of PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	4	13	theme	chitosan	466:473	arg1	fraction					454:461	The fraction	450:461	The fraction of chitosan in the final electrospun mat	450:502	The fraction of chitosan in the final electrospun mat was adjusted from 0 to 33%.
24689041	5	14	theme	with	614:617	arg1	distribution					630:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution	595:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section	595:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	5	15	theme	nanofibers	603:612	arg1	distribution					630:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution	595:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section	595:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	7	16	theme	electrospun	881:891	arg1	mats					893:896	electrospun mats	881:896	electrospun mats of pure PLGA	881:909	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	1	17	theme	chitosan	178:185	arg1	blends					129:134	blends	129:134	blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan	129:185	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	4	18	theme	final	482:486	arg1	mat					500:502	the final electrospun mat	478:502	the final electrospun mat	478:502	The fraction of chitosan in the final electrospun mat was adjusted from 0 to 33%.
24689041	5	19	theme	homogenous	619:628	arg1	distribution					630:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution	595:641	uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section	595:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	5	20	theme	scanning	544:551	arg1	microscopy					579:588	scanning and transmission electron microscopy	544:588	microscopy	579:588	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	10	21	used	used	1349:1352	arg2	scaffold					1302:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold	1276:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan	1276:1326	It can be assumed that the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan could be potentially used for skin tissue reconstruction.
24689041	3	22	theme	chitosan	440:447	arg1	blend					422:426	a blend	420:426	a blend of PLGA and chitosan	420:447	PVA was extracted from the electrospun nanofibers, resulting in a final scaffold consisting of a blend of PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	3	23	theme	final	391:395	arg1	scaffold					397:404	a final scaffold	389:404	a final scaffold consisting of a blend of PLGA and chitosan	389:447	PVA was extracted from the electrospun nanofibers, resulting in a final scaffold consisting of a blend of PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	6	24	theme	Infrared	688:695	arg1	spectroscopy					697:708	Infrared spectroscopy	688:708	Infrared spectroscopy	688:708	Infrared spectroscopy verifies that electrospun mats contain both PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	5	25	from	distribution	630:641	arg1	section					679:685	their cross section	667:685	their cross section	667:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	1	26	from	blends	129:134	arg1	nanofibers					113:122	Novel nanofibers	107:122	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan	107:185	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	1	27	theme	Novel	107:111	arg1	nanofibers					113:122	Novel nanofibers	107:122	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan	107:185	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	8	28	theme	Tensile	912:918	arg1	strengths					920:928	Tensile strengths	912:928	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions	912:997	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	3	29	theme	PLGA	431:434	arg1	blend					422:426	a blend	420:426	a blend of PLGA and chitosan	420:447	PVA was extracted from the electrospun nanofibers, resulting in a final scaffold consisting of a blend of PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	5	30	theme	transmission	557:568	arg1	microscopy					579:588	scanning and transmission electron microscopy	544:588	microscopy	579:588	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	5	31	theme	electron	570:577	arg1	microscopy					579:588	scanning and transmission electron microscopy	544:588	microscopy	579:588	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	4	32	from	fraction	454:461	arg1	mat					500:502	the final electrospun mat	478:502	the final electrospun mat	478:502	The fraction of chitosan in the final electrospun mat was adjusted from 0 to 33%.
24689041	9	33	theme	culture	1123:1129	arg1	studies					1131:1137	Cell culture studies	1118:1137	Cell culture studies	1118:1137	Cell culture studies suggest that PLGA/chitosan nanofibers promote fibroblast attachment and proliferation compared to PLGA membranes.
24689041	7	34	theme	electrospun	824:834	arg1	mats					850:853	the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats	820:853	the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats	820:853	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	7	34	theme	electrospun	824:834	arg1	hydrophilic					864:874	hydrophilic	864:874	hydrophilic	864:874	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	8	35	from	PLGA/chitosan	959:971	arg1	conditions					988:997	dry and wet conditions	976:997	dry and wet conditions	976:997	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	8	36	theme	PLGA/chitosan	1052:1064	arg1	mats					1044:1047	the polyblend mats	1030:1047	the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan	1030:1064	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	8	36	theme	PLGA/chitosan	1052:1064	arg1	strong					1070:1075	strong	1070:1075	strong	1070:1075	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	8	37	theme	biomedical	1093:1102	arg1	applications					1104:1115	many biomedical applications	1088:1115	many biomedical applications	1088:1115	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	2	38	theme	spinning	255:262	arg1	solution					264:271	The spinning solution	251:271	The spinning solution	251:271	The spinning solution employed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the emulsifier.
24689041	7	39	theme	PLGA/chitosan	836:848	arg1	mats					850:853	the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats	820:853	the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats	820:853	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	7	39	theme	PLGA/chitosan	836:848	arg1	hydrophilic					864:874	hydrophilic	864:874	hydrophilic	864:874	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	1	40	theme	emulsion	217:224	arg1	process					242:248	an emulsion electrospinning process	214:248	an emulsion electrospinning process	214:248	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	7	41	theme	contact	783:789	arg1	measurements					797:808	contact angle measurements	783:808	contact angle measurements	783:808	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	8	42	theme	many	1088:1091	arg1	applications					1104:1115	many biomedical applications	1088:1115	many biomedical applications	1088:1115	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	10	43	theme	composite	1292:1300	arg1	scaffold					1302:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold	1276:1309	the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan	1276:1326	It can be assumed that the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan could be potentially used for skin tissue reconstruction.
24689041	8	44	theme	MPa	938:940	arg1	strengths					920:928	Tensile strengths	912:928	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions	912:997	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	1	45	theme	electrospinning	226:240	arg1	process					242:248	an emulsion electrospinning process	214:248	an emulsion electrospinning process	214:248	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	0	46	theme	PLGA/chitosan	53:65	arg1	nanofibers					67:76	PLGA/chitosan nanofibers	53:76	PLGA/chitosan nanofibers	53:76	Emulsion electrospinning as an approach to fabricate PLGA/chitosan nanofibers for biomedical applications.
24689041	7	47	theme	angle	791:795	arg1	measurements					797:808	contact angle measurements	783:808	contact angle measurements	783:808	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24689041	8	48	theme	4.94	933:936	arg1	MPa					938:940	4.94 MPa	933:940	4.94 MPa	933:940	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	5	49	theme	cross	673:677	arg1	section					679:685	their cross section	667:685	their cross section	667:685	Analyses by scanning and transmission electron microscopy show uniform nanofibers with homogenous distribution of PLGA and chitosan in their cross section.
24689041	8	50	theme	4.21	946:949	arg1	MPa					951:953	4.21 MPa	946:953	4.21 MPa	946:953	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	9	51	theme	PLGA	1237:1240	arg1	membranes					1242:1250	PLGA membranes	1237:1250	PLGA membranes	1237:1250	Cell culture studies suggest that PLGA/chitosan nanofibers promote fibroblast attachment and proliferation compared to PLGA membranes.
24689041	9	52	theme	PLGA/chitosan	1152:1164	arg1	nanofibers					1166:1175	PLGA/chitosan nanofibers	1152:1175	PLGA/chitosan nanofibers	1152:1175	Cell culture studies suggest that PLGA/chitosan nanofibers promote fibroblast attachment and proliferation compared to PLGA membranes.
24689041	1	53	theme	polylactic-co-glycolic	139:160	arg1	PLGA					168:171	PLGA	168:171	PLGA	168:171	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	1	53	theme	polylactic-co-glycolic	139:160	arg1	acid					162:165	polylactic-co-glycolic acid	139:165	polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)	139:172	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	10	54	theme	tissue	1363:1368	arg1	reconstruction					1370:1383	skin tissue reconstruction	1358:1383	skin tissue reconstruction	1358:1383	It can be assumed that the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan could be potentially used for skin tissue reconstruction.
24689041	2	55	theme	polyvinyl	282:290	arg1	emulsifier					313:322	the emulsifier	309:322	the emulsifier	309:322	The spinning solution employed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the emulsifier.
24689041	2	55	theme	polyvinyl	282:290	arg1	PVA					301:303	PVA	301:303	PVA	301:303	The spinning solution employed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the emulsifier.
24689041	2	55	theme	polyvinyl	282:290	arg1	alcohol					292:298	polyvinyl alcohol	282:298	polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)	282:304	The spinning solution employed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the emulsifier.
24689041	1	56	theme	acid	162:165	arg1	blends					129:134	blends	129:134	blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan	129:185	Novel nanofibers from blends of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and chitosan have been produced through an emulsion electrospinning process.
24689041	10	57	theme	skin	1358:1361	arg1	reconstruction					1370:1383	skin tissue reconstruction	1358:1383	skin tissue reconstruction	1358:1383	It can be assumed that the nanofibrous composite scaffold of PLGA/chitosan could be potentially used for skin tissue reconstruction.
24689041	8	58	theme	MPa	951:953	arg1	strengths					920:928	Tensile strengths	912:928	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions	912:997	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	8	59	theme	wet	984:986	arg1	conditions					988:997	dry and wet conditions	976:997	dry and wet conditions	976:997	Tensile strengths of 4.94 MPa and 4.21 MPa for PLGA/chitosan in dry and wet conditions, respectively, illustrate that the polyblend mats of PLGA/chitosan are strong enough for many biomedical applications.
24689041	6	60	contain	contain	741:747	arg2	chitosan					763:770	chitosan	763:770	chitosan	763:770	Infrared spectroscopy verifies that electrospun mats contain both PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	6	60	contain	contain	741:747	arg1	mats					736:739	electrospun mats	724:739	electrospun mats	724:739	Infrared spectroscopy verifies that electrospun mats contain both PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	6	60	contain	contain	741:747	arg2	PLGA					754:757	PLGA	754:757	PLGA	754:757	Infrared spectroscopy verifies that electrospun mats contain both PLGA and chitosan.
24689041	4	61	dep	33	527:528	arg1	to					524:525	to	524:525	to	524:525	The fraction of chitosan in the final electrospun mat was adjusted from 0 to 33%.
24689041	9	62	theme	fibroblast	1185:1194	arg1	attachment					1196:1205	fibroblast attachment	1185:1205	fibroblast attachment	1185:1205	Cell culture studies suggest that PLGA/chitosan nanofibers promote fibroblast attachment and proliferation compared to PLGA membranes.
24689041	7	63	theme	pure	901:904	arg1	PLGA					906:909	pure PLGA	901:909	pure PLGA	901:909	Moreover, contact angle measurements show that the electrospun PLGA/chitosan mats are more hydrophilic than electrospun mats of pure PLGA.
24326036	1	0	theme	biomedical	318:327	arg1	wastewaters					339:349	biomedical synthetic wastewaters	318:349	biomedical synthetic wastewaters	318:349	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	1	theme	oxide/poly	155:164	arg1	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	1	theme	oxide/poly	155:164	arg1	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	2	theme	synthetic	329:337	arg1	wastewaters					339:349	biomedical synthetic wastewaters	318:349	biomedical synthetic wastewaters	318:349	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	5	3	theme	adsorption	876:885	arg1	mechanism					887:895	the adsorption mechanism	872:895	the adsorption mechanism	872:895	The surface features were also evaluated after the dorzolamide adsorption in order to derive the adsorption mechanism.
24326036	3	4	theme	parent	516:521	arg1	materials					523:531	the parent materials	512:531	the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan)	512:588	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	4	theme	parent	516:521	arg1	chitosan					580:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	6	5	theme	composite	1058:1066	arg1	groups					1041:1046	carboxyl groups	1032:1046	carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1032:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	5	theme	composite	1058:1066	arg1	composite					1058:1066	GO/CSA composite	1051:1066	GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1051:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	6	theme	enhanced	1096:1103	arg1	capacity					1116:1123	its enhanced adsorption capacity	1092:1123	its enhanced adsorption capacity	1092:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	0	7	theme	acrylic	92:98	arg1	oxide/poly					81:90	graphite oxide/poly	72:90	graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid)	72:104	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	0	7	theme	acrylic	92:98	arg1	acid					100:103	acrylic acid	92:103	acrylic acid	92:103	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	4	8	theme	electron	674:681	arg1	microscopy					683:692	scanning electron microscopy	665:692	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	665:698	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	4	8	theme	electron	674:681	arg1	SEM					695:697	SEM	695:697	SEM	695:697	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	3	9	attach	presented	456:464	arg1	comparison					496:505	comparison	496:505	comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan)	496:588	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	9	attach	presented	456:464	arg2	GO/CSA					449:454	GO/CSA	449:454	GO/CSA	449:454	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	10	theme	poly	553:556	arg1	materials					523:531	the parent materials	512:531	the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan)	512:588	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	10	theme	poly	553:556	arg1	chitosan					580:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	4	11	dep	transform	709:717	arg1	infrared					719:726	infrared	719:726	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	709:746	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	3	12	theme	graphite	534:541	arg1	oxide					543:547	graphite oxide	534:547	graphite oxide	534:547	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	1	13	theme	acrylic	166:172	arg1	acid					174:177	acrylic acid	166:177	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	0	14	from	wastewaters	39:49	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid)	0:104	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	3	15	theme	oxide	543:547	arg1	materials					523:531	the parent materials	512:531	the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan)	512:588	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	15	theme	oxide	543:547	arg1	chitosan					580:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	6	16	theme	GO/CSA	1051:1056	arg1	composite					1058:1066	GO/CSA composite	1051:1066	GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1051:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	1	17	theme	acid	174:177	arg1	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	17	theme	acid	174:177	arg1	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	5	18	theme	surface	783:789	arg1	features					791:798	The surface features	779:798	The surface features	779:798	The surface features were also evaluated after the dorzolamide adsorption in order to derive the adsorption mechanism.
24326036	3	19	with	comparison	496:505	arg1	materials					523:531	the parent materials	512:531	the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan)	512:588	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	19	with	comparison	496:505	arg1	chitosan					580:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	4	20	dep	Fourier	701:707	arg1	transform					709:717	transform	709:717	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	709:746	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	6	21	theme	carboxyl	1032:1039	arg1	groups					1041:1046	carboxyl groups	1032:1046	carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1032:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	21	theme	carboxyl	1032:1039	arg1	composite					1058:1066	GO/CSA composite	1051:1066	GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1051:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	2	22	theme	adsorption	437:446	arg1	thermodynamics					419:432	thermodynamics	419:432	thermodynamics of adsorption	419:446	The performance was evaluated taking into account pH, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption.
24326036	2	22	theme	adsorption	437:446	arg1	kinetics					406:413	kinetics	406:413	kinetics	406:413	The performance was evaluated taking into account pH, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption.
24326036	2	22	theme	adsorption	437:446	arg1	pH					402:403	pH	402:403	pH	402:403	The performance was evaluated taking into account pH, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption.
24326036	6	23	theme	CSA	950:952	arg1	GO					943:944	GO	943:944	GO	943:944	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	23	theme	CSA	950:952	arg1	groups					933:938	the reactive groups	920:938	the reactive groups of GO and CSA	920:952	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	23	theme	CSA	950:952	arg1	CSA					950:952	CSA	950:952	CSA	950:952	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	1	24	theme	grafted	180:186	arg1	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	24	theme	grafted	180:186	arg1	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	6	25	theme	adsorption	1105:1114	arg1	capacity					1116:1123	its enhanced adsorption capacity	1092:1123	its enhanced adsorption capacity	1092:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	1	26	theme	chitosan	188:195	arg1	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	26	theme	chitosan	188:195	arg1	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	0	27	theme	dorzolamide	11:21	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid)	0:104	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	6	28	theme	GO	943:944	arg1	GO					943:944	GO	943:944	GO	943:944	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	28	theme	GO	943:944	arg1	groups					933:938	the reactive groups	920:938	the reactive groups of GO and CSA	920:952	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	28	theme	GO	943:944	arg1	CSA					950:952	CSA	950:952	CSA	950:952	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	0	29	theme	chitosan	114:121	arg1	nanocomposite					123:135	chitosan nanocomposite	114:135	chitosan nanocomposite	114:135	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	3	30	theme	acrylic	558:564	arg1	poly					553:556	poly	553:556	poly(acrylic acid)	553:570	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	30	theme	acrylic	558:564	arg1	acid					566:569	acrylic acid	558:569	acrylic acid	558:569	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	31	theme	adsorption	473:482	arg1	capacity					484:491	higher adsorption capacity	466:491	higher adsorption capacity	466:491	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	1	32	theme	pharmaceutical	275:288	arg1	dorzolamide					300:310	dorzolamide	300:310	dorzolamide	300:310	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	32	theme	pharmaceutical	275:288	arg1	compound					290:297	pharmaceutical compound	275:297	pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide)	275:311	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	0	33	theme	biomedical	28:37	arg1	wastewaters					39:49	biomedical wastewaters	28:49	biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid)	28:104	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	1	34	theme	compound	290:297	arg1	removal					264:270	the removal	260:270	the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters	260:349	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	35	from	wastewaters	339:349	arg1	removal					264:270	the removal	260:270	the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters	260:349	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	4	36	theme	X-ray	640:644	arg1	XRD					659:661	XRD	659:661	XRD	659:661	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	4	36	theme	X-ray	640:644	arg1	diffraction					646:656	X-ray diffraction	640:656	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	640:662	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	6	37	theme	reactive	924:931	arg1	GO					943:944	GO	943:944	GO	943:944	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	37	theme	reactive	924:931	arg1	groups					933:938	the reactive groups	920:938	the reactive groups of GO and CSA	920:952	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	37	theme	reactive	924:931	arg1	CSA					950:952	CSA	950:952	CSA	950:952	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	1	38	used	used	237:240	arg2	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	38	used	used	237:240	arg2	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	3	39	theme	grafted	572:578	arg1	materials					523:531	the parent materials	512:531	the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan)	512:588	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	3	39	theme	grafted	572:578	arg1	chitosan					580:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan	534:587	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	6	40	theme	main	1076:1079	arg1	reason					1081:1086	the main reason	1072:1086	the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1072:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	41	theme	dorzolamide	992:1002	arg1	groups					982:987	the amino groups	972:987	the amino groups of dorzolamide	972:1002	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	41	theme	dorzolamide	992:1002	arg1	dorzolamide					992:1002	dorzolamide	992:1002	dorzolamide	992:1002	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	4	42	theme	potentiometric	753:766	arg1	titration					768:776	potentiometric titration	753:776	potentiometric titration	753:776	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	4	43	theme	scanning	665:672	arg1	microscopy					683:692	scanning electron microscopy	665:692	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	665:698	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	4	43	theme	scanning	665:672	arg1	SEM					695:697	SEM	695:697	SEM	695:697	All adsorbents prepared were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and potentiometric titration.
24326036	0	44	theme	graphite	72:79	arg1	oxide/poly					81:90	graphite oxide/poly	72:90	graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid)	72:104	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	0	44	theme	graphite	72:79	arg1	acid					100:103	acrylic acid	92:103	acrylic acid	92:103	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	5	45	theme	dorzolamide	830:840	arg1	adsorption					842:851	the dorzolamide adsorption	826:851	the dorzolamide adsorption	826:851	The surface features were also evaluated after the dorzolamide adsorption in order to derive the adsorption mechanism.
24326036	2	46	dep	account	394:400	arg1	thermodynamics					419:432	thermodynamics	419:432	thermodynamics of adsorption	419:446	The performance was evaluated taking into account pH, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption.
24326036	2	46	dep	account	394:400	arg1	kinetics					406:413	kinetics	406:413	kinetics	406:413	The performance was evaluated taking into account pH, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption.
24326036	2	46	dep	account	394:400	arg1	pH					402:403	pH	402:403	pH	402:403	The performance was evaluated taking into account pH, kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption.
24326036	3	47	theme	higher	466:471	arg1	capacity					484:491	higher adsorption capacity	466:491	higher adsorption capacity	466:491	GO/CSA presented higher adsorption capacity in comparison with the parent materials (graphite oxide and poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan).
24326036	1	48	theme	novel	140:144	arg1	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	48	theme	novel	140:144	arg1	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	6	49	theme	groups	1041:1046	arg1	abundance					1019:1027	the abundance	1015:1027	the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity	1015:1123	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	0	50	with	wastewaters	39:49	arg1	adsorption					56:65	adsorption	56:65	adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid)	56:104	Removal of dorzolamide from biomedical wastewaters with adsorption onto graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite.
24326036	1	51	theme	graphite	146:153	arg1	nanocomposite					197:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite	138:209	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA)	138:218	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	1	51	theme	graphite	146:153	arg1	GO/CSA					212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	GO/CSA	212:217	A novel graphite oxide/poly(acrylic acid) grafted chitosan nanocomposite (GO/CSA) was prepared and used as biosorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical compound (dorzolamide) from biomedical synthetic wastewaters.
24326036	6	52	theme	amino	976:980	arg1	groups					982:987	the amino groups	972:987	the amino groups of dorzolamide	972:1002	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
24326036	6	52	theme	amino	976:980	arg1	dorzolamide					992:1002	dorzolamide	992:1002	dorzolamide	992:1002	It was suggested that the reactive groups of GO and CSA can interact with the amino groups of dorzolamide and mainly the abundance of carboxyl groups of GO/CSA composite was the main reason for its enhanced adsorption capacity.
28166949	3	0	with	conditions	522:531	arg1	levels					548:553	different levels	538:553	different levels of THI	538:560	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	1	from	impact	339:344	arg1	production					416:425	milk production	411:425	milk production	411:425	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	1	from	impact	339:344	arg1	records					462:468	daily milk test records	446:468	daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows	446:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	1	from	impact	339:344	arg1	composition					431:441	composition	431:441	composition	431:441	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	1	from	impact	339:344	arg1	33600					471:475	33600	471:475	33600	471:475	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	1	from	impact	339:344	arg1	SCC					405:407	SCC	405:407	SCC	405:407	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	1	from	impact	339:344	arg1	count					398:402	somatic cell count	385:402	somatic cell count (SCC)	385:408	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	2	theme	milk	411:414	arg1	production					416:425	milk production	411:425	milk production	411:425	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	1	3	theme	production	188:197	arg1	production					188:197	the total milk production	173:197	the total milk production	173:197	In Egypt, cow's milk represents 52.11% of the total milk production.
28166949	1	3	theme	production	188:197	arg1	%					168:168	52.11%	163:168	52.11% of the total milk production	163:197	In Egypt, cow's milk represents 52.11% of the total milk production.
28166949	0	4	theme	milk	50:53	arg1	yield					55:59	milk yield	50:59	milk yield	50:59	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	8	5	theme	dairy	1174:1178	arg1	cows					1180:1183	dairy cows	1174:1183	dairy cows performance	1174:1195	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	2	6	theme	animals	300:306	arg1	performance					275:285	the welfare and productive performance	248:285	the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals	248:306	Climatic condition is mainly expected to impact the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals.
28166949	0	7	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	composition					65:75	composition	65:75	composition	65:75	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	0	7	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	count					43:47	somatic cell count	30:47	somatic cell count	30:47	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	0	7	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	yield					55:59	milk yield	50:59	milk yield	50:59	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	9	8	theme	THI	1323:1325	arg1	effect					1313:1318	a detrimental effect	1299:1318	a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return	1299:1361	Thus, indicating a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return.
28166949	3	9	theme	milk	452:455	arg1	33600					471:475	33600	471:475	33600	471:475	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	9	theme	milk	452:455	arg1	records					462:468	daily milk test records	446:468	daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows	446:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	4	10	theme	protein	629:635	arg1	%					626:626	fat%	623:626	fat%	623:626	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	10	theme	protein	629:635	arg1	%					637:637	protein %	629:637	protein %	629:637	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	7	11	theme	high	961:964	arg1	level					970:974	high THI level	961:974	high THI level	961:974	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	4	12	dep	THI	719:721	arg1	31.91kg					724:730	31.91kg	724:730	31.91kg	724:730	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	3	13	theme	test	457:460	arg1	33600					471:475	33600	471:475	33600	471:475	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	13	theme	test	457:460	arg1	records					462:468	daily milk test records	446:468	daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows	446:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	0	14	theme	multiparous	80:90	arg1	cows					101:104	multiparous Holstein cows	80:104	multiparous Holstein cows	80:104	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	6	15	theme	2nd	937:939	arg1	parities					915:922	advanced parities	906:922	advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities	906:955	In addition to, it was increased with advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities.
28166949	4	16	theme	high	804:807	arg1	THI					809:811	high THI	804:811	high THI	804:811	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	9	17	theme	welfare	1335:1341	arg1	return					1356:1361	both welfare and economic return	1330:1361	both welfare and economic return	1330:1361	Thus, indicating a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return.
28166949	3	18	theme	daily	446:450	arg1	33600					471:475	33600	471:475	33600	471:475	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	18	theme	daily	446:450	arg1	records					462:468	daily milk test records	446:468	daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows	446:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	8	19	theme	investigated	1223:1234	arg1	parameters					1236:1245	the investigated parameters	1219:1245	the investigated parameters at low THI	1219:1256	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	4	20	theme	low	715:717	arg1	THI					719:721	low THI	715:721	low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively)	715:783	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	5	21	dep	high	858:861	arg1	to					855:856	to	855:856	to	855:856	SCC significantly increased 36% from low to high THI.
28166949	3	22	theme	index	370:374	arg1	impact					339:344	the impact	335:344	the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows	335:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	8	23	from	THI	1254:1256	arg1	parameters					1236:1245	the investigated parameters	1219:1245	the investigated parameters at low THI	1219:1256	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	2	24	theme	welfare	252:258	arg1	performance					275:285	the welfare and productive performance	248:285	the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals	248:306	Climatic condition is mainly expected to impact the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals.
28166949	5	25	theme	high	858:861	arg1	THI					863:865	low to high THI	851:865	low to high THI	851:865	SCC significantly increased 36% from low to high THI.
28166949	0	26	theme	THI	16:18	arg1	levels					20:25	three THI levels	10:25	three THI levels	10:25	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	7	27	theme	protein	1062:1068	arg1	MY					1018:1019	total MY	1012:1019	total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05)	1012:1035	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	27	theme	protein	1062:1068	arg1	r=-0.15P<0.01					1073:1085	r=-0.15P<0.01	1073:1085	r=-0.15P<0.01	1073:1085	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	27	theme	protein	1062:1068	arg1	%					1070:1070	protein %	1062:1070	protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01)	1062:1086	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	27	theme	protein	1062:1068	arg1	r=-0.26P<0.01					1125:1137	r=-0.26P<0.01	1125:1137	r=-0.26P<0.01	1125:1137	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	0	28	theme	cows	101:104	arg1	composition					65:75	composition	65:75	composition	65:75	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	0	28	theme	cows	101:104	arg1	count					43:47	somatic cell count	30:47	somatic cell count	30:47	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	0	28	theme	cows	101:104	arg1	yield					55:59	milk yield	50:59	milk yield	50:59	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	4	29	theme	lactose	691:697	arg1	protein					661:667	protein	661:667	protein	661:667	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	29	theme	lactose	691:697	arg1	percentage					677:686	the percentage	673:686	the percentage of lactose	673:697	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	7	30	theme	fat	1089:1091	arg1	MY					1018:1019	total MY	1012:1019	total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05)	1012:1035	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	30	theme	fat	1089:1091	arg1	r=-0.14P<0.01					1095:1107	r=-0.14P<0.01	1095:1107	r=-0.14P<0.01	1095:1107	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	30	theme	fat	1089:1091	arg1	%					1092:1092	fat%	1089:1092	fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01)	1089:1108	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	3	31	theme	cell	393:396	arg1	SCC					405:407	SCC	405:407	SCC	405:407	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	31	theme	cell	393:396	arg1	count					398:402	somatic cell count	385:402	somatic cell count (SCC)	385:408	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	6	32	theme	7th	944:946	arg1	parities					948:955	7th parities	944:955	7th parities	944:955	In addition to, it was increased with advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities.
28166949	0	33	theme	Holstein	92:99	arg1	cows					101:104	multiparous Holstein cows	80:104	multiparous Holstein cows	80:104	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	0	34	from	yield	55:59	arg1	region					123:128	a subtropical region	109:128	a subtropical region	109:128	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	4	35	theme	milk	595:598	arg1	yield					600:604	daily milk yield	589:604	daily milk yield	589:604	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	8	36	theme	low	1250:1252	arg1	THI					1254:1256	low THI	1250:1256	low THI	1250:1256	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	9	37	theme	economic	1347:1354	arg1	return					1356:1361	both welfare and economic return	1330:1361	both welfare and economic return	1330:1361	Thus, indicating a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return.
28166949	3	38	theme	THI	558:560	arg1	levels					548:553	different levels	538:553	different levels of THI	538:560	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	39	theme	cows	490:493	arg1	33600					471:475	33600	471:475	33600	471:475	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	39	theme	cows	490:493	arg1	records					462:468	daily milk test records	446:468	daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows	446:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	0	40	theme	levels	20:25	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.	0:129	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	3	41	theme	temperature-humidity	349:368	arg1	THI					377:379	THI	377:379	THI	377:379	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	41	theme	temperature-humidity	349:368	arg1	index					370:374	temperature-humidity index	349:374	temperature-humidity index (THI)	349:380	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	42	theme	different	538:546	arg1	levels					548:553	different levels	538:553	different levels of THI	538:560	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	43	theme	somatic	385:391	arg1	SCC					405:407	SCC	405:407	SCC	405:407	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	3	43	theme	somatic	385:391	arg1	count					398:402	somatic cell count	385:402	somatic cell count (SCC)	385:408	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	0	44	theme	cell	38:41	arg1	count					43:47	somatic cell count	30:47	somatic cell count	30:47	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	8	45	theme	high	1272:1275	arg1	THI					1277:1279	high THI	1272:1279	high THI	1272:1279	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	0	46	from	count	43:47	arg1	region					123:128	a subtropical region	109:128	a subtropical region	109:128	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	8	47	theme	cows	1180:1183	arg1	performance					1185:1195	dairy cows performance	1174:1195	dairy cows performance	1174:1195	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	2	48	theme	livestock	290:298	arg1	animals					300:306	livestock animals	290:306	livestock animals	290:306	Climatic condition is mainly expected to impact the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals.
28166949	0	49	theme	somatic	30:36	arg1	count					43:47	somatic cell count	30:47	somatic cell count	30:47	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	9	50	from	effect	1313:1318	arg1	return					1356:1361	both welfare and economic return	1330:1361	both welfare and economic return	1330:1361	Thus, indicating a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return.
28166949	0	51	theme	subtropical	111:121	arg1	region					123:128	a subtropical region	109:128	a subtropical region	109:128	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	3	52	theme	Holstein	481:488	arg1	cows					490:493	Holstein cows	481:493	Holstein cows	481:493	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	8	53	theme	current	1145:1151	arg1	study					1153:1157	The current study	1141:1157	The current study	1141:1157	The current study concluded that dairy cows performance was better in most of the investigated parameters at low THI than those in high THI.
28166949	4	54	dep	31.91kg	724:730	arg1	349kg					754:758	349kg	754:758	349kg	754:758	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	54	dep	31.91kg	724:730	arg1	%					768:768	4.20%	764:768	4.20%	764:768	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	54	dep	31.91kg	724:730	arg1	418kg					747:751	418kg	747:751	418kg	747:751	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	54	dep	31.91kg	724:730	arg1	%					737:737	3.91%	733:737	3.91%	733:737	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	54	dep	31.91kg	724:730	arg1	%					744:744	3.22%	740:744	3.22%	740:744	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	9	55	theme	detrimental	1301:1311	arg1	effect					1313:1318	a detrimental effect	1299:1318	a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return	1299:1361	Thus, indicating a detrimental effect of THI on both welfare and economic return.
28166949	7	56	theme	lactose	1114:1120	arg1	%					1122:1122	lactose %	1114:1122	lactose %	1114:1122	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	56	theme	lactose	1114:1120	arg1	MY					1018:1019	total MY	1012:1019	total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05)	1012:1035	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	4	57	theme	fat	623:625	arg1	%					626:626	fat%	623:626	fat%	623:626	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	57	theme	fat	623:625	arg1	%					637:637	protein %	629:637	protein %	629:637	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	7	58	theme	THI	966:968	arg1	level					970:974	high THI level	961:974	high THI level	961:974	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	0	59	from	composition	65:75	arg1	region					123:128	a subtropical region	109:128	a subtropical region	109:128	Impact of three THI levels on somatic cell count, milk yield and composition of multiparous Holstein cows in a subtropical region.
28166949	2	60	theme	Climatic	200:207	arg1	condition					209:217	Climatic condition	200:217	Climatic condition	200:217	Climatic condition is mainly expected to impact the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals.
28166949	2	61	theme	productive	264:273	arg1	performance					275:285	the welfare and productive performance	248:285	the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals	248:306	Climatic condition is mainly expected to impact the welfare and productive performance of livestock animals.
28166949	7	62	theme	total	1012:1016	arg1	%					1092:1092	fat%	1089:1092	fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01)	1089:1108	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	62	theme	total	1012:1016	arg1	%					1122:1122	lactose %	1114:1122	lactose %	1114:1122	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	62	theme	total	1012:1016	arg1	MY					1042:1043	MY	1042:1043	MY	1042:1043	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	62	theme	total	1012:1016	arg1	%					1070:1070	protein %	1062:1070	protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01)	1062:1086	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	62	theme	total	1012:1016	arg1	MY					1018:1019	total MY	1012:1019	total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05)	1012:1035	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	7	62	theme	total	1012:1016	arg1	r=-0.12P<0.05					1022:1034	r=-0.12P<0.05	1022:1034	r=-0.12P<0.05	1022:1034	At high THI level, SCC was negatively correlated with total MY (r=-0.12P<0.05), 305 MY (r=-0.16P<0.05), protein % (r=-0.15P<0.01), fat% (r=-0.14P<0.01) and lactose % (r=-0.26P<0.01).
28166949	3	63	theme	subtropical	501:511	arg1	conditions					522:531	subtropical Egyptian conditions	501:531	subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI	501:560	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	6	64	dep	2nd	937:939	arg1	%					930:930	231.11%	924:930	231.11%	924:930	In addition to, it was increased with advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities.
28166949	6	64	dep	2nd	937:939	arg1	from					932:935	from	932:935	from	932:935	In addition to, it was increased with advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities.
28166949	4	65	theme	daily	589:593	arg1	yield					600:604	daily milk yield	589:604	daily milk yield	589:604	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	1	66	theme	total	177:181	arg1	production					188:197	the total milk production	173:197	the total milk production	173:197	In Egypt, cow's milk represents 52.11% of the total milk production.
28166949	4	67	dep	yielded	640:646	arg1	yielded					653:659	yielded	653:659	yielded protein and the percentage of lactose	653:697	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	6	68	theme	advanced	906:913	arg1	parities					915:922	advanced parities	906:922	advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities	906:955	In addition to, it was increased with advanced parities 231.11% from 2nd to 7th parities.
28166949	3	69	theme	Egyptian	513:520	arg1	conditions					522:531	subtropical Egyptian conditions	501:531	subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI	501:560	Thus, we aimed to explore the impact of temperature-humidity index (THI) on somatic cell count (SCC), milk production and composition on daily milk test records (33600) of Holstein cows under subtropical Egyptian conditions with different levels of THI.
28166949	4	70	dep	yield	600:604	arg1	%					626:626	fat%	623:626	fat%	623:626	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	4	70	dep	yield	600:604	arg1	%					637:637	protein %	629:637	protein %	629:637	Our results revealed that daily milk yield and composition (fat%, protein %, yielded fat, yielded protein and the percentage of lactose) were higher in low THI (31.91kg, 3.91%, 3.22%, 418kg, 349kg and 4.20%, respectively) when compared with high THI.
28166949	1	71	theme	milk	183:186	arg1	production					188:197	the total milk production	173:197	the total milk production	173:197	In Egypt, cow's milk represents 52.11% of the total milk production.
26995125	18	0	theme	dairy	2546:2550	arg1	companies					2552:2560	dairy companies	2546:2560	dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market	2546:2604	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	2	1	theme	bacteria	283:290	arg1	counts					292:297	yogurt bacteria counts	276:297	yogurt bacteria counts	276:297	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	9	2	theme	conjugated	1235:1244	arg1	CLA					1261:1263	CLA	1261:1263	CLA	1261:1263	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	9	2	theme	conjugated	1235:1244	arg1	acid					1255:1258	conjugated linoleic acid	1235:1258	conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)	1235:1264	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	12	3	theme	compounds	1707:1715	arg1	source					1691:1696	a great source	1683:1696	a great source of these compounds	1683:1715	Thus, the SMY represented a great source of these compounds.
26995125	10	4	from	PUFA	1452:1455	arg1	SMY					1488:1490	SMY	1488:1490	SMY	1488:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	4	5	theme	bulgaricus	521:530	arg1	counts					532:537	bulgaricus counts	521:537	bulgaricus counts	521:537	bulgaricus counts decreased 1 to 2 cycles from d 1 to 28.
26995125	7	6	theme	long-chain	973:982	arg1	LCFA					1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	6	theme	long-chain	973:982	arg1	MCFA					997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	6	theme	long-chain	973:982	arg1	acids					990:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids	961:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA)	961:1010	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	14	7	from	decrease	1794:1801	arg1	index					1818:1822	atherogenic index	1806:1822	atherogenic index	1806:1822	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	17	8	theme	healthy	2410:2416	arg1	composition					2424:2434	its healthy lipid composition	2406:2434	its healthy lipid composition	2406:2434	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	7	9	theme	medium-	961:967	arg1	LCFA					1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	9	theme	medium-	961:967	arg1	MCFA					997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	9	theme	medium-	961:967	arg1	acids					990:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids	961:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA)	961:1010	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	0	10	theme	Physicochemical	0:14	arg1	evaluation					16:25	Physicochemical evaluation	0:25	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk	0:39	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk yogurts containing different levels of inulin.
26995125	1	11	theme	smoothies	176:184	arg1	parameters					144:153	the physicochemical parameters	124:153	the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	124:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	12	12	theme	great	1685:1689	arg1	source					1691:1696	a great source	1683:1696	a great source of these compounds	1683:1715	Thus, the SMY represented a great source of these compounds.
26995125	17	13	theme	composition	2424:2434	arg1	food					2347:2350	a food	2345:2350	a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition	2345:2434	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	17	13	theme	composition	2424:2434	arg1	yogurt					2312:2317	Sheep milk yogurt	2301:2317	Sheep milk yogurt	2301:2317	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	5	14	theme	protective	583:592	arg1	effect					594:599	The protective effect	579:599	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix	579:663	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	14	15	theme	positive	1870:1877	arg1	r=0.973					1892:1898	r=0.973	1892:1898	r=0.973	1892:1898	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	14	15	theme	positive	1870:1877	arg1	correlation					1879:1889	a positive correlation	1868:1889	a positive correlation (r=0.973)	1868:1899	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	2	16	theme	Titratable	249:258	arg1	acidity					260:266	Titratable acidity	249:266	Titratable acidity	249:266	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	10	17	theme	PUFA	1374:1377	arg1	%					1363:1363	approximately 78%	1347:1363	approximately 78% of total PUFA	1347:1377	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	17	theme	PUFA	1374:1377	arg1	PUFA					1374:1377	total PUFA	1368:1377	total PUFA	1368:1377	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	17	theme	PUFA	1374:1377	arg1	%					1384:1384	2%	1383:1384	2% of total fatty acids	1383:1405	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	17	theme	PUFA	1374:1377	arg1	acids					1401:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	18	18	theme	food	2594:2597	arg1	market					2599:2604	the functional food market	2579:2604	the functional food market	2579:2604	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	10	19	theme	fatty	1395:1399	arg1	acids					1401:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	15	20	theme	lauric	2008:2013	arg1	acids					2028:2032	lauric and myristic acids	2008:2032	lauric and myristic acids	2008:2032	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	17	21	theme	low	2357:2359	arg1	risk					2390:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	8	22	theme	fatty	1122:1126	arg1	acids					1128:1132	fatty acids	1122:1132	fatty acids	1122:1132	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	10	23	dep	CLA	1324:1326	arg1	isomer					1328:1333	isomer	1328:1333	trans-11 CLA isomer	1315:1333	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	24	from	SMY	1488:1490	arg1	PUFA					1452:1455	about 22% PUFA and 1%	1442:1462	PUFA	1452:1455	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	24	from	SMY	1488:1490	arg1	%					1462:1462	about 22% PUFA and 1%	1442:1462	%	1462:1462	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	24	from	SMY	1488:1490	arg1	acids					1479:1483	total fatty acids	1467:1483	total fatty acids in SMY	1467:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	17	25	theme	milk	2307:2310	arg1	food					2347:2350	a food	2345:2350	a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition	2345:2434	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	17	25	theme	milk	2307:2310	arg1	yogurt					2312:2317	Sheep milk yogurt	2301:2317	Sheep milk yogurt	2301:2317	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	15	26	theme	saturated	2038:2046	arg1	acids					2054:2058	saturated fatty acids	2038:2058	saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively)	2038:2094	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	26	theme	saturated	2038:2046	arg1	r=0.894					2073:2079	r=0.894	2073:2079	r=0.894	2073:2079	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	26	theme	saturated	2038:2046	arg1	r=0.907					2061:2067	r=0.907	2061:2067	r=0.907	2061:2067	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	8	27	from	levels	1112:1117	arg1	SMY					1137:1139	SMY	1137:1139	SMY	1137:1139	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	3	28	dep	3	473:473	arg1	to					470:471	to	470:471	to	470:471	As expected for yogurts, Streptococcus thermophilus counts decreased 1 to 3 log cycles and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.
26995125	6	29	theme	polyunsaturated	897:911	arg1	PUFA					926:929	PUFA	926:929	PUFA	926:929	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	6	29	theme	polyunsaturated	897:911	arg1	acids					919:923	polyunsaturated fatty acids	897:923	polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)	897:930	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	5	30	dep	bacteria	614:621	arg1	bacteria					614:621	bacteria survival and viability	614:644	bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix	614:663	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	5	30	dep	bacteria	614:621	arg1	viability					636:644	viability	636:644	viability	636:644	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	5	30	dep	bacteria	614:621	arg1	survival					623:630	survival	623:630	survival	623:630	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	7	31	from	storage	1071:1077	arg1	SMY					1086:1088	all SMY	1082:1088	all SMY	1082:1088	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	17	32	with	food	2347:2350	arg1	risk					2390:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	16	33	theme	negative	2167:2174	arg1	correlation					2176:2186	A negative correlation	2165:2186	A negative correlation	2165:2186	A negative correlation was observed between stearic acid and atherogenic index (r=-0.612) and between oleic acid and atherogenic index.
26995125	0	34	theme	inulin	80:85	arg1	levels					70:75	different levels	60:75	different levels of inulin	60:85	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk yogurts containing different levels of inulin.
26995125	18	35	theme	food	2530:2533	arg1	matrix					2535:2540	this food matrix	2525:2540	this food matrix	2525:2540	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	1	36	theme	milk	164:167	arg1	SMY					187:189	SMY	187:189	SMY	187:189	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	1	36	theme	milk	164:167	arg1	smoothies					176:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies	158:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	158:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	16	37	theme	oleic	2267:2271	arg1	acid					2273:2276	oleic acid	2267:2276	oleic acid	2267:2276	A negative correlation was observed between stearic acid and atherogenic index (r=-0.612) and between oleic acid and atherogenic index.
26995125	11	38	theme	fatty	1497:1501	arg1	changes					1508:1514	The fatty acid changes	1493:1514	The fatty acid changes during storage	1493:1529	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	15	39	theme	potential	2154:2162	arg1	evidence					2107:2114	evidence	2107:2114	evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential	2107:2162	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	6	40	theme	fatty	875:879	arg1	SCFA					888:891	SCFA	888:891	SCFA	888:891	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	6	40	theme	fatty	875:879	arg1	acids					881:885	short-chain fatty acids	863:885	short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	863:892	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	8	41	theme	palmitic	1170:1177	arg1	acids					1192:1196	palmitic and myristic acids	1170:1196	palmitic and myristic acids	1170:1196	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	1	42	theme	physicochemical	128:142	arg1	parameters					144:153	the physicochemical parameters	124:153	the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	124:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	8	43	theme	myristic	1183:1190	arg1	acids					1192:1196	palmitic and myristic acids	1170:1196	palmitic and myristic acids	1170:1196	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	14	44	theme	SMY	1963:1965	arg1	index					1954:1958	thrombogenic index	1941:1958	thrombogenic index	1941:1958	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	14	44	theme	SMY	1963:1965	arg1	index					1931:1935	atherogenic index	1919:1935	atherogenic index	1919:1935	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	7	45	theme	fatty	1032:1036	arg1	MUFA					1045:1048	MUFA	1045:1048	MUFA	1045:1048	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	45	theme	fatty	1032:1036	arg1	acids					1038:1042	monounsaturated fatty acids	1016:1042	monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	1016:1049	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	15	46	theme	High	1968:1971	arg1	correlations					1973:1984	High correlations	1968:1984	High correlations	1968:1984	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	1	47	theme	present	92:98	arg1	study					100:104	The present study	88:104	The present study	88:104	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	7	48	from	increase	949:956	arg1	MUFA					1045:1048	MUFA	1045:1048	MUFA	1045:1048	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	48	from	increase	949:956	arg1	acids					1038:1042	monounsaturated fatty acids	1016:1042	monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	1016:1049	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	48	from	increase	949:956	arg1	LCFA					1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	48	from	increase	949:956	arg1	MCFA					997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	48	from	increase	949:956	arg1	acids					990:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids	961:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA)	961:1010	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	14	49	theme	nonsignificant	1779:1792	arg1	decrease					1794:1801	A nonsignificant decrease	1777:1801	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index	1777:1822	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	14	50	located	observed	1828:1835	arg1	SMY					1859:1861	all SMY	1855:1861	all SMY	1855:1861	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	14	50	located	observed	1828:1835	arg2	decrease					1794:1801	A nonsignificant decrease	1777:1801	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index	1777:1822	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	10	51	theme	%	1450:1450	arg1	PUFA					1452:1455	about 22% PUFA and 1%	1442:1462	PUFA	1452:1455	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	2	52	theme	lipid	333:337	arg1	indices					339:345	healthy lipid indices	325:345	healthy lipid indices	325:345	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	0	53	theme	milk	36:39	arg1	evaluation					16:25	Physicochemical evaluation	0:25	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk	0:39	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk yogurts containing different levels of inulin.
26995125	2	54	theme	refrigerated	377:388	arg1	storage					390:396	refrigerated storage	377:396	refrigerated storage	377:396	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	10	55	theme	trans-11	1315:1322	arg1	cis-9					1309:1313	The cis-9	1305:1313	The cis-9	1305:1313	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	55	theme	trans-11	1315:1322	arg1	CLA					1324:1326	trans-11 CLA	1315:1326	trans-11 CLA isomer	1315:1333	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	18	56	theme	good	2485:2488	arg1	addition					2448:2455	addition	2448:2455	addition of inulin to SMY	2448:2472	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	18	56	theme	good	2485:2488	arg1	option					2490:2495	a good option	2483:2495	a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market	2483:2604	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	2	57	theme	yogurt	276:281	arg1	counts					292:297	yogurt bacteria counts	276:297	yogurt bacteria counts	276:297	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	5	58	theme	prebiotic	689:697	arg1	SMY					699:701	the prebiotic SMY	685:701	the prebiotic SMY during storage	685:716	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	16	59	theme	atherogenic	2226:2236	arg1	r=-0.612					2245:2252	r=-0.612	2245:2252	r=-0.612	2245:2252	A negative correlation was observed between stearic acid and atherogenic index (r=-0.612) and between oleic acid and atherogenic index.
26995125	16	59	theme	atherogenic	2226:2236	arg1	index					2238:2242	atherogenic index	2226:2242	atherogenic index (r=-0.612)	2226:2253	A negative correlation was observed between stearic acid and atherogenic index (r=-0.612) and between oleic acid and atherogenic index.
26995125	4	60	dep	2	554:554	arg1	to					551:552	to	551:552	to	551:552	bulgaricus counts decreased 1 to 2 cycles from d 1 to 28.
26995125	5	61	from	effect	594:599	arg1	bacteria					614:621	bacteria survival and viability	614:644	bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix	614:663	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	5	61	from	effect	594:599	arg1	viability					636:644	viability	636:644	viability	636:644	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	5	61	from	effect	594:599	arg1	survival					623:630	survival	623:630	survival	623:630	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	10	62	theme	acids	1479:1483	arg1	PUFA					1452:1455	about 22% PUFA and 1%	1442:1462	PUFA	1452:1455	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	62	theme	acids	1479:1483	arg1	%					1462:1462	about 22% PUFA and 1%	1442:1462	%	1462:1462	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	62	theme	acids	1479:1483	arg1	acids					1479:1483	total fatty acids	1467:1483	total fatty acids in SMY	1467:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	9	63	theme	positive	1206:1213	arg1	correlation					1215:1225	A high positive correlation	1199:1225	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978)	1199:1289	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	6	64	theme	inulin	818:823	arg1	addition					825:832	inulin addition	818:832	inulin addition	818:832	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	7	65	theme	fatty	984:988	arg1	LCFA					1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	65	theme	fatty	984:988	arg1	MCFA					997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	65	theme	fatty	984:988	arg1	acids					990:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids	961:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA)	961:1010	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	10	66	theme	total	1467:1471	arg1	acids					1479:1483	total fatty acids	1467:1483	total fatty acids in SMY	1467:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	5	67	from	bacteria	614:621	arg1	matrix					658:663	the food matrix	649:663	the food matrix	649:663	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	18	68	theme	matrix	2535:2540	arg1	functionality					2508:2520	functionality	2508:2520	functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market	2508:2604	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	10	69	theme	total	1368:1372	arg1	PUFA					1374:1377	total PUFA	1368:1377	total PUFA	1368:1377	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	9	70	theme	linoleic	1246:1253	arg1	CLA					1261:1263	CLA	1261:1263	CLA	1261:1263	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	9	70	theme	linoleic	1246:1253	arg1	acid					1255:1258	conjugated linoleic acid	1235:1258	conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)	1235:1264	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	6	71	theme	prebiotic	797:805	arg1	SMY					807:809	prebiotic SMY	797:809	prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition	797:832	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	10	72	from	%	1462:1462	arg1	SMY					1488:1490	SMY	1488:1490	SMY	1488:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	11	73	theme	bacteria	1590:1597	arg1	activity					1566:1573	the metabolic activity	1552:1573	the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer	1552:1654	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	1	74	theme	yogurt	169:174	arg1	SMY					187:189	SMY	187:189	SMY	187:189	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	1	74	theme	yogurt	169:174	arg1	smoothies					176:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies	158:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	158:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	17	75	theme	lipid	2418:2422	arg1	composition					2424:2434	its healthy lipid composition	2406:2434	its healthy lipid composition	2406:2434	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	6	76	theme	short-chain	863:873	arg1	SCFA					888:891	SCFA	888:891	SCFA	888:891	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	6	76	theme	short-chain	863:873	arg1	acids					881:885	short-chain fatty acids	863:885	short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	863:892	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	10	77	from	acids	1479:1483	arg1	SMY					1488:1490	SMY	1488:1490	SMY	1488:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	6	78	located	observed	785:792	arg2	post-acidification					762:779	lower post-acidification	756:779	lower post-acidification	756:779	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	6	78	located	observed	785:792	arg1	SMY					807:809	prebiotic SMY	797:809	prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition	797:832	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	5	79	theme	inulin	604:609	arg1	effect					594:599	The protective effect	579:599	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix	579:663	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	18	80	theme	inulin	2460:2465	arg1	addition					2448:2455	addition	2448:2455	addition of inulin to SMY	2448:2472	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	18	80	theme	inulin	2460:2465	arg1	option					2490:2495	a good option	2483:2495	a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market	2483:2604	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	3	81	theme	log	475:477	arg1	cycles					479:484	1 to 3 log cycles	468:484	1 to 3 log cycles	468:484	As expected for yogurts, Streptococcus thermophilus counts decreased 1 to 3 log cycles and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.
26995125	9	82	theme	oleic	1270:1274	arg1	acid					1276:1279	oleic acid	1270:1279	oleic acid (r=0.978)	1270:1289	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	9	82	theme	oleic	1270:1274	arg1	r=0.978					1282:1288	r=0.978	1282:1288	r=0.978	1282:1288	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	3	83	theme	Lactobacillus	490:502	arg1	ssp					516:518	Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp	490:518	Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp	490:518	As expected for yogurts, Streptococcus thermophilus counts decreased 1 to 3 log cycles and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.
26995125	2	84	theme	fatty	300:304	arg1	profile					312:318	fatty acids profile	300:318	fatty acids profile	300:318	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	3	85	dep	Lactobacillus	490:502	arg1	delbrueckii					504:514	delbrueckii	504:514	delbrueckii	504:514	As expected for yogurts, Streptococcus thermophilus counts decreased 1 to 3 log cycles and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.
26995125	10	86	theme	acids	1401:1405	arg1	%					1363:1363	approximately 78%	1347:1363	approximately 78% of total PUFA	1347:1377	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	86	theme	acids	1401:1405	arg1	PUFA					1374:1377	total PUFA	1368:1377	total PUFA	1368:1377	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	86	theme	acids	1401:1405	arg1	%					1384:1384	2%	1383:1384	2% of total fatty acids	1383:1405	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	10	86	theme	acids	1401:1405	arg1	acids					1401:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	18	87	theme	functional	2583:2592	arg1	market					2599:2604	the functional food market	2579:2604	the functional food market	2579:2604	Therefore, addition of inulin to SMY could be a good option to improve functionality of this food matrix for dairy companies wishing to enter the functional food market.
26995125	5	88	theme	inulin	733:738	arg1	level					740:744	inulin level	733:744	inulin level	733:744	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	8	89	theme	significant	1100:1110	arg1	acid					1152:1155	oleic acid	1146:1155	oleic acid	1146:1155	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	8	89	theme	significant	1100:1110	arg1	levels					1112:1117	The most significant levels	1091:1117	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY	1091:1139	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	10	90	theme	total	1389:1393	arg1	acids					1401:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	total fatty acids	1389:1405	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	17	91	theme	atherogenic	2361:2371	arg1	risk					2390:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	17	92	theme	Sheep	2301:2305	arg1	milk					2307:2310	Sheep milk	2301:2310	Sheep milk yogurt	2301:2317	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	11	93	theme	metabolic	1556:1564	arg1	activity					1566:1573	the metabolic activity	1552:1573	the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer	1552:1654	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	6	94	theme	fatty	913:917	arg1	PUFA					926:929	PUFA	926:929	PUFA	926:929	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	6	94	theme	fatty	913:917	arg1	acids					919:923	polyunsaturated fatty acids	897:923	polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)	897:930	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	17	95	theme	thrombogenic	2377:2388	arg1	risk					2390:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk	2357:2393	Sheep milk yogurt could be characterized as a food with low atherogenic and thrombogenic risk because of its healthy lipid composition.
26995125	8	96	theme	acids	1128:1132	arg1	acid					1152:1155	oleic acid	1146:1155	oleic acid	1146:1155	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	8	96	theme	acids	1128:1132	arg1	levels					1112:1117	The most significant levels	1091:1117	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY	1091:1139	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	5	97	theme	food	653:656	arg1	matrix					658:663	the food matrix	649:663	the food matrix	649:663	The protective effect of inulin on bacteria survival and viability in the food matrix was not verified in the prebiotic SMY during storage, regardless of inulin level.
26995125	15	98	theme	fatty	2048:2052	arg1	acids					2054:2058	saturated fatty acids	2038:2058	saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively)	2038:2094	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	98	theme	fatty	2048:2052	arg1	r=0.894					2073:2079	r=0.894	2073:2079	r=0.894	2073:2079	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	98	theme	fatty	2048:2052	arg1	r=0.907					2061:2067	r=0.907	2061:2067	r=0.907	2061:2067	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	16	99	theme	atherogenic	2282:2292	arg1	index					2294:2298	atherogenic index	2282:2298	atherogenic index	2282:2298	A negative correlation was observed between stearic acid and atherogenic index (r=-0.612) and between oleic acid and atherogenic index.
26995125	7	100	dep	acids	990:994	arg1	LCFA					1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	LCFA	1006:1009	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	100	dep	acids	990:994	arg1	MCFA					997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	MCFA	997:1000	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	100	dep	acids	990:994	arg1	acids					990:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids	961:994	medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA)	961:1010	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	1	101	theme	different	213:221	arg1	%					245:245	0, 2, 4, and 6%	231:245	0, 2, 4, and 6%	231:245	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	1	101	theme	different	213:221	arg1	levels					223:228	different levels	213:228	different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	213:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	15	102	theme	atherogenic	2125:2135	arg1	potential					2154:2162	their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential	2119:2162	their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential	2119:2162	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	103	theme	thrombogenic	2141:2152	arg1	potential					2154:2162	their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential	2119:2162	their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential	2119:2162	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	1	104	theme	sheep	158:162	arg1	SMY					187:189	SMY	187:189	SMY	187:189	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	1	104	theme	sheep	158:162	arg1	smoothies					176:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies	158:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	158:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	8	105	theme	oleic	1146:1150	arg1	levels					1112:1117	The most significant levels	1091:1117	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY	1091:1139	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	8	105	theme	oleic	1146:1150	arg1	acid					1152:1155	oleic acid	1146:1155	oleic acid	1146:1155	The most significant levels of fatty acids in SMY were oleic acid, followed by palmitic and myristic acids.
26995125	15	106	dep	acids	2054:2058	arg1	acids					2054:2058	saturated fatty acids	2038:2058	saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively)	2038:2094	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	106	dep	acids	2054:2058	arg1	r=0.894					2073:2079	r=0.894	2073:2079	r=0.894	2073:2079	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	15	106	dep	acids	2054:2058	arg1	r=0.907					2061:2067	r=0.907	2061:2067	r=0.907	2061:2067	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
26995125	11	107	theme	acid	1503:1506	arg1	changes					1508:1514	The fatty acid changes	1493:1514	The fatty acid changes during storage	1493:1529	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	14	108	theme	atherogenic	1806:1816	arg1	index					1818:1822	atherogenic index	1806:1822	atherogenic index	1806:1822	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	11	109	theme	trans-11	1636:1643	arg1	bacteria					1590:1597	the starter bacteria	1578:1597	the starter bacteria	1578:1597	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	11	109	theme	trans-11	1636:1643	arg1	CLA					1645:1647	trans-11 CLA	1636:1647	trans-11 CLA isomer	1636:1654	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	7	110	theme	monounsaturated	1016:1030	arg1	MUFA					1045:1048	MUFA	1045:1048	MUFA	1045:1048	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	110	theme	monounsaturated	1016:1030	arg1	acids					1038:1042	monounsaturated fatty acids	1016:1042	monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	1016:1049	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	13	111	theme	fatty	1764:1768	arg1	acids					1770:1774	fatty acids	1764:1774	fatty acids	1764:1774	We observed that inulin levels did not affect fatty acids.
26995125	11	112	theme	oleic	1615:1619	arg1	acid					1621:1624	oleic acid	1615:1624	oleic acid	1615:1624	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	2	113	theme	acids	306:310	arg1	profile					312:318	fatty acids profile	300:318	fatty acids profile	300:318	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	0	114	theme	sheep	30:34	arg1	milk					36:39	sheep milk	30:39	sheep milk	30:39	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk yogurts containing different levels of inulin.
26995125	14	115	theme	thrombogenic	1941:1952	arg1	index					1954:1958	thrombogenic index	1941:1958	thrombogenic index	1941:1958	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	3	116	theme	thermophilus	438:449	arg1	counts					451:456	Streptococcus thermophilus counts	424:456	Streptococcus thermophilus counts	424:456	As expected for yogurts, Streptococcus thermophilus counts decreased 1 to 3 log cycles and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.
26995125	6	117	theme	lower	756:760	arg1	post-acidification					762:779	lower post-acidification	756:779	lower post-acidification	756:779	Although lower post-acidification was observed in prebiotic SMY due to inulin addition, no changes were verified in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
26995125	4	118	dep	d	568:568	arg1	to					572:573	to	572:573	to	572:573	bulgaricus counts decreased 1 to 2 cycles from d 1 to 28.
26995125	2	119	theme	storage	390:396	arg1	d					372:372	28 d	369:372	28 d of refrigerated storage	369:396	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	2	120	theme	healthy	325:331	arg1	indices					339:345	healthy lipid indices	325:345	healthy lipid indices	325:345	Titratable acidity and pH, yogurt bacteria counts, fatty acids profile, and healthy lipid indices were evaluated during 28 d of refrigerated storage.
26995125	0	121	theme	different	60:68	arg1	levels					70:75	different levels	60:75	different levels of inulin	60:85	Physicochemical evaluation of sheep milk yogurts containing different levels of inulin.
26995125	16	122	theme	stearic	2209:2215	arg1	acid					2217:2220	stearic acid	2209:2220	stearic acid	2209:2220	A negative correlation was observed between stearic acid and atherogenic index (r=-0.612) and between oleic acid and atherogenic index.
26995125	13	123	theme	inulin	1735:1740	arg1	levels					1742:1747	inulin levels	1735:1747	inulin levels	1735:1747	We observed that inulin levels did not affect fatty acids.
26995125	11	124	dep	CLA	1645:1647	arg1	isomer					1649:1654	isomer	1649:1654	trans-11 CLA isomer	1636:1654	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	1	125	contain	containing	192:201	arg2	inulin					203:208	inulin	203:208	inulin	203:208	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	1	125	contain	containing	192:201	arg1	smoothies					176:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies	158:184	sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%)	158:246	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	1	125	contain	containing	192:201	arg1	SMY					187:189	SMY	187:189	SMY	187:189	The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of sheep milk yogurt smoothies (SMY) containing inulin at different levels (0, 2, 4, and 6%).
26995125	11	126	theme	starter	1582:1588	arg1	bacteria					1590:1597	the starter bacteria	1578:1597	the starter bacteria	1578:1597	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	11	126	theme	starter	1582:1588	arg1	CLA					1645:1647	trans-11 CLA	1636:1647	trans-11 CLA isomer	1636:1654	The fatty acid changes during storage were associated with the metabolic activity of the starter bacteria, especially for oleic acid and cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer.
26995125	9	127	theme	high	1201:1204	arg1	correlation					1215:1225	A high positive correlation	1199:1225	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978)	1199:1289	A high positive correlation between conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oleic acid (r=0.978) was observed.
26995125	10	128	theme	α-linoleic	1416:1425	arg1	acid					1427:1430	α-linoleic acid	1416:1430	α-linoleic acid	1416:1430	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	14	129	theme	atherogenic	1919:1929	arg1	index					1931:1935	atherogenic index	1919:1935	atherogenic index	1919:1935	A nonsignificant decrease in atherogenic index was observed during storage in all SMY, and a positive correlation (r=0.973) was found between atherogenic index and thrombogenic index of SMY.
26995125	7	130	located	observed	1055:1062	arg1	contrast					936:943	contrast	936:943	contrast	936:943	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	7	130	located	observed	1055:1062	arg2	increase					949:956	an increase	946:956	an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	946:1049	In contrast, an increase in medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was observed during storage in all SMY.
26995125	10	131	theme	fatty	1473:1477	arg1	acids					1479:1483	total fatty acids	1467:1483	total fatty acids in SMY	1467:1490	The cis-9,trans-11 CLA isomer represented approximately 78% of total PUFA and 2% of total fatty acids, whereas α-linoleic acid comprised about 22% PUFA and 1% of total fatty acids in SMY.
26995125	15	132	theme	myristic	2019:2026	arg1	acids					2028:2032	lauric and myristic acids	2008:2032	lauric and myristic acids	2008:2032	High correlations were observed between lauric and myristic acids and saturated fatty acids (r=0.907 and r=0.894, respectively), providing evidence of their atherogenic and thrombogenic potential.
25511888	9	0	dep	Lutteur	1300:1306	arg1	crop					1326:1329	a promising crop	1314:1329	a promising crop	1314:1329	Lutteur to be a promising crop as food thanks to its high nutritive traits and most constant yield over time.
25511888	0	1	from	effect	21:26	arg1	properties					66:75	the nutritional properties	50:75	the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	50:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	3	2	dep	63.9 g kg	588:596	arg1	to					585:586	to	585:586	to	585:586	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	9	3	theme	high	1353:1356	arg1	traits					1368:1373	its high nutritive traits	1349:1373	its high nutritive traits	1349:1373	Lutteur to be a promising crop as food thanks to its high nutritive traits and most constant yield over time.
25511888	7	4	theme	mL	1137:1138	arg1	OM					1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	7	4	theme	mL	1137:1138	arg1	matter					1154:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter	1133:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)	1133:1164	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	6	5	dep	factor	997:1002	arg1	acid					1012:1015	erucic acid	1005:1015	the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	980:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	1	6	theme	in	282:283	arg1	characteristics					304:318	in vitro fermentation characteristics	282:318	in vitro fermentation characteristics	282:318	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	0	7	dep	lupine	105:110	arg1	Lupinus					113:119	Lupinus	113:119	Lupinus	113:119	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	7	8	theme	volatile	1171:1178	arg1	acid					1186:1189	volatile fatty acid	1171:1189	volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM)	1171:1220	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	0	9	theme	varieties	86:94	arg1	properties					66:75	the nutritional properties	50:75	the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	50:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	0	10	from	Characterization	0:15	arg1	properties					66:75	the nutritional properties	50:75	the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	50:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	6	11	theme	lower	964:968	arg1	values					970:975	lower values	964:975	lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	964:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	3	12	theme	dry	480:482	arg1	content					521:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	3	12	theme	dry	480:482	arg1	-1					476:477	-1	476:477	-1	476:477	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	3	12	theme	dry	480:482	arg1	matter					484:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter	460:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM)	460:494	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	3	12	theme	dry	480:482	arg1	DM					492:493	DM	492:493	DM	492:493	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	6	13	theme	favorable	888:896	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	7	14	theme	acid	1186:1189	arg1	production					1191:1200	volatile fatty acid production	1171:1200	volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM)	1171:1220	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	7	14	theme	acid	1186:1189	arg1	OM					1218:1219	117 mmol g(-1) OM	1203:1219	117 mmol g(-1) OM	1203:1219	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	1	15	theme	fermentation	291:302	arg1	characteristics					304:318	in vitro fermentation characteristics	282:318	in vitro fermentation characteristics	282:318	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	6	16	theme	erucic	1005:1010	arg1	acid					1012:1015	erucic acid	1005:1015	the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	980:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	4	17	theme	crude	633:637	arg1	protein					639:645	the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents	621:700	protein	639:645	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	4	17	theme	crude	633:637	arg1	DM					661:662	417 g kg(-1) DM	648:662	417 g kg(-1) DM	648:662	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	6	18	from	ratios	933:938	arg1	-1					1041:1042	-1	1041:1042	-1	1041:1042	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	18	from	ratios	933:938	arg1	20.9 g kg					1031:1039	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	7	19	dep	production	1121:1130	arg1	OM					1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	7	19	dep	production	1121:1130	arg1	matter					1154:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter	1133:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)	1133:1164	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	0	20	theme	white	99:103	arg1	lupine					105:110	white lupine	99:110	white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	99:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	6	21	theme	factor	997:1002	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	21	theme	factor	997:1002	arg1	values					970:975	lower values	964:975	lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	964:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	9	22	theme	nutritive	1358:1366	arg1	traits					1368:1373	its high nutritive traits	1349:1373	its high nutritive traits	1349:1373	Lutteur to be a promising crop as food thanks to its high nutritive traits and most constant yield over time.
25511888	6	23	theme	Alkaloid	801:808	arg1	content					810:816	Alkaloid content	801:816	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc	801:874	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	4	24	theme	417 g kg	648:655	arg1	protein					639:645	the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents	621:700	protein	639:645	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	4	24	theme	417 g kg	648:655	arg1	DM					661:662	417 g kg(-1) DM	648:662	417 g kg(-1) DM	648:662	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	1	25	theme	BACKGROUND	132:141	arg1	cultivars					149:157	BACKGROUND Three cultivars	132:157	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia)	132:212	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	0	26	theme	harvest	39:45	arg1	year					31:34	year	31:34	year of harvest	31:45	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	6	27	from	0.73	954:957	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	27	from	0.73	954:957	arg1	values					970:975	lower values	964:975	lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	964:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	4	28	theme	35 g kg	677:683	arg1	contents					693:700	the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents	621:700	contents	693:700	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	4	28	theme	35 g kg	677:683	arg1	DM					689:690	35 g kg(-1) DM	677:690	35 g kg(-1) DM	677:690	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	6	29	theme	acid	928:931	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	9	30	theme	constant	1384:1391	arg1	yield					1393:1397	most constant yield	1379:1397	most constant yield over time	1379:1407	Lutteur to be a promising crop as food thanks to its high nutritive traits and most constant yield over time.
25511888	7	31	theme	330	1133:1135	arg1	mL					1137:1138	mL	1137:1138	mL	1137:1138	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	6	32	theme	anti-quality	984:995	arg1	factor					997:1002	the anti-quality factor	980:1002	the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	980:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	33	theme	fatty	922:926	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	7	34	theme	g	1140:1140	arg1	OM					1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	7	34	theme	g	1140:1140	arg1	matter					1154:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter	1133:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)	1133:1164	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	1	35	dep	in	282:283	arg1	vitro					285:289	vitro	285:289	vitro	285:289	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	7	36	theme	organic	1146:1152	arg1	OM					1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	OM	1162:1163	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	7	36	theme	organic	1146:1152	arg1	matter					1154:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter	1133:1159	330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)	1133:1164	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	6	37	theme	polyunsaturated	906:920	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	38	dep	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	arg1	to					1028:1029	to	1028:1029	to	1028:1029	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	2	39	dep	RESULTS	346:352	arg1	varied					379:384	varied	379:384	varied greatly during the three harvest years	379:423	RESULTS The chemical composition varied greatly during the three harvest years.
25511888	4	40	theme	lignin	669:674	arg1	contents					693:700	the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents	621:700	contents	693:700	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	4	40	theme	lignin	669:674	arg1	DM					689:690	35 g kg(-1) DM	677:690	35 g kg(-1) DM	677:690	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	3	41	dep	456 g kg	467:474	arg1	to					464:465	to	464:465	to	464:465	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	1	42	theme	Lupinus	162:168	arg1	cultivars					149:157	BACKGROUND Three cultivars	132:157	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia)	132:212	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	1	43	theme	proximate	232:240	arg1	composition					242:252	proximate composition	232:252	proximate composition	232:252	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	0	44	theme	lupine	105:110	arg1	varieties					86:94	three varieties	80:94	three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	80:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	0	44	theme	lupine	105:110	arg1	lupine					105:110	white lupine	99:110	white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	99:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	1	45	theme	harvest	331:337	arg1	years					339:343	three harvest years	325:343	three harvest years	325:343	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	5	46	theme	lipids	718:723	arg1	levels					708:713	High levels	703:713	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM)	703:772	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	8	47	theme	albus	1287:1291	arg1	cv					1296:1297	L. albus L. cv	1284:1297	L. albus L. cv	1284:1297	CONCLUSION The present data suggest L. albus L. cv.
25511888	3	48	theme	Crude	426:430	arg1	content					440:446	Crude protein content	426:446	Crude protein content	426:446	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	5	49	theme	starch	748:753	arg1	levels					708:713	High levels	703:713	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM)	703:772	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	7	50	theme	fatty	1180:1184	arg1	acid					1186:1189	volatile fatty acid	1171:1189	volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM)	1171:1220	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	3	51	theme	fiber	515:519	arg1	matter					484:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter	460:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM)	460:494	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	3	51	theme	fiber	515:519	arg1	content					521:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	2	52	theme	chemical	358:365	arg1	composition					367:377	The chemical composition	354:377	The chemical composition	354:377	RESULTS The chemical composition varied greatly during the three harvest years.
25511888	0	53	theme	year	31:34	arg1	effect					21:26	effect	21:26	effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	21:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	0	53	theme	year	31:34	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	7	54	theme	higher	1079:1084	arg1	897 g kg					1101:1108	897 g kg(-1)	1101:1112	897 g kg(-1)	1101:1112	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	7	54	theme	higher	1079:1084	arg1	degradability					1086:1098	higher degradability	1079:1098	higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) )	1079:1114	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	3	55	dep	321 g kg	541:548	arg1	to					538:539	to	538:539	to	538:539	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	1	56	theme	fatty	255:259	arg1	acids					261:265	fatty acids	255:265	fatty acids	255:265	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	9	57	theme	promising	1316:1324	arg1	crop					1326:1329	a promising crop	1314:1329	a promising crop	1314:1329	Lutteur to be a promising crop as food thanks to its high nutritive traits and most constant yield over time.
25511888	3	58	theme	neutral	497:503	arg1	matter					484:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter	460:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM)	460:494	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	3	58	theme	neutral	497:503	arg1	content					521:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	2	59	theme	harvest	411:417	arg1	years					419:423	the three harvest years	401:423	the three harvest years	401:423	RESULTS The chemical composition varied greatly during the three harvest years.
25511888	6	60	from	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	arg1	factor					997:1002	the anti-quality factor	980:1002	the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	980:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	60	from	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	arg1	ratios					933:938	n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios	898:938	more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73)	883:958	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	60	from	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	arg1	values					970:975	lower values	964:975	lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) )	964:1045	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	3	61	theme	detergent	505:513	arg1	matter					484:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter	460:489	353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM)	460:494	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	3	61	theme	detergent	505:513	arg1	content					521:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	neutral detergent fiber content	497:527	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	5	62	theme	89.9 g kg	726:734	arg1	lipids					718:723	lipids	718:723	lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM)	718:742	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	5	62	theme	89.9 g kg	726:734	arg1	DM					740:741	89.9 g kg(-1) DM	726:741	89.9 g kg(-1) DM	726:741	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	7	63	theme	gas	1117:1119	arg1	production					1121:1130	gas production	1117:1130	gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM))	1117:1165	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
25511888	8	64	theme	present	1263:1269	arg1	data					1271:1274	The present data	1259:1274	The present data	1259:1274	CONCLUSION The present data suggest L. albus L. cv.
25511888	3	65	theme	protein	432:438	arg1	content					440:446	Crude protein content	426:446	Crude protein content	426:446	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	4	66	theme	highest	625:631	arg1	protein					639:645	the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents	621:700	protein	639:645	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	4	66	theme	highest	625:631	arg1	DM					661:662	417 g kg(-1) DM	648:662	417 g kg(-1) DM	648:662	Lublanc showed the highest crude protein (417 g kg(-1) DM) and lignin (35 g kg(-1) DM) contents.
25511888	5	67	located	found	779:783	arg1	samples					792:798	all samples	788:798	all samples	788:798	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	5	67	located	found	779:783	arg2	levels					708:713	High levels	703:713	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM)	703:772	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	8	68	dep	CONCLUSION	1248:1257	arg1	suggest					1276:1282	suggest	1276:1282	suggest L. albus L. cv	1276:1297	CONCLUSION The present data suggest L. albus L. cv.
25511888	5	69	theme	93.3 g kg	756:764	arg1	DM					770:771	93.3 g kg(-1) DM	756:771	93.3 g kg(-1) DM	756:771	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	5	69	theme	93.3 g kg	756:764	arg1	starch					748:753	starch	748:753	starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM)	748:772	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	6	70	dep	0.73	954:957	arg1	to					951:952	to	951:952	to	951:952	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	8	71	theme	L.	1284:1285	arg1	cv					1296:1297	L. albus L. cv	1284:1297	L. albus L. cv	1284:1297	CONCLUSION The present data suggest L. albus L. cv.
25511888	0	72	theme	nutritional	54:64	arg1	properties					66:75	the nutritional properties	50:75	the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.)	50:129	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	3	73	theme	lignin	561:566	arg1	content					568:574	lignin content	561:574	lignin content	561:574	Crude protein content ranged from 353 to 456 g kg(-1) dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber content from 209 to 321 g kg(-1) DM and lignin content from 3.0 to 63.9 g kg(-1) DM.
25511888	1	74	dep	Lupinus	162:168	arg1	albus					170:174	Lupinus albus	162:174	Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia)	162:212	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	1	74	dep	Lupinus	162:168	arg1	Lublanca					189:196	Lublanca	189:196	Lublanca	189:196	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	1	74	dep	Lupinus	162:168	arg1	L					176:176	L	176:176	Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia)	162:212	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	1	74	dep	Lupinus	162:168	arg1	Multitalia					202:211	Multitalia	202:211	Multitalia	202:211	BACKGROUND Three cultivars of Lupinus albus L. (Lutteur, Lublanca and Multitalia) were assessed for proximate composition, fatty acids, alkaloids and in vitro fermentation characteristics over three harvest years.
25511888	5	75	theme	High	703:706	arg1	levels					708:713	High levels	703:713	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM)	703:772	High levels of lipids (89.9 g kg(-1) DM) and starch (93.3 g kg(-1) DM) were found in all samples.
25511888	6	76	from	values	970:975	arg1	-1					1041:1042	-1	1041:1042	-1	1041:1042	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	6	76	from	values	970:975	arg1	20.9 g kg					1031:1039	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	20.9 g kg	1031:1039	Alkaloid content ranged from 3.63 to 165 mg per 100 g. Lutteur and Lublanc showed more favorable n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios (from 0.44 to 0.73) and lower values of the anti-quality factor 'erucic acid' (from 5.8 to 20.9 g kg(-1) ) than Multitalia.
25511888	0	77	dep	Lupinus	113:119	arg1	albus					121:125	Lupinus albus L	113:127	Lupinus albus L.	113:128	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	0	77	dep	Lupinus	113:119	arg1	L					127:127	L	127:127	Lupinus albus L.	113:128	Characterization and effect of year of harvest on the nutritional properties of three varieties of white lupine (Lupinus albus L.).
25511888	8	78	theme	L.	1293:1294	arg1	cv					1296:1297	L. albus L. cv	1284:1297	L. albus L. cv	1284:1297	CONCLUSION The present data suggest L. albus L. cv.
25511888	7	79	theme	other	1231:1235	arg1	varieties					1237:1245	the other varieties	1227:1245	the other varieties	1227:1245	Lutteur showed higher degradability (897 g kg(-1) ), gas production (330 mL g(-1) organic matter (OM)) and volatile fatty acid production (117 mmol g(-1) OM) than the other varieties.
29200852	1	0	theme	multifunctional	380:394	arg1	system					440:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	4	1	theme	acidic	945:950	arg1	CS					996:997	folic acid-modified CS	976:997	folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface	976:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	4	1	theme	acidic	945:950	arg1	microenvironment					958:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	5	2	theme	drug	1201:1204	arg1	behavior					1214:1221	the drug release behavior	1197:1221	the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior	1151:1221	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	1	3	theme	systems	288:294	arg1	targeting					180:188	nonspecific targeting	168:188	nonspecific targeting	168:188	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	1	3	theme	systems	288:294	arg1	release					201:207	premature release	191:207	premature release	191:207	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	1	3	theme	systems	288:294	arg1	selectivity					215:225	weak selectivity	210:225	weak selectivity	210:225	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	1	3	theme	systems	288:294	arg1	efficacy					249:256	poor therapeutic efficacy	232:256	poor therapeutic efficacy	232:256	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	0	4	theme	drug	117:120	arg1	delivery					122:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	1	5	theme	premature	191:199	arg1	release					201:207	premature release	191:207	premature release	191:207	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	5	6	theme	antitumor	1295:1303	arg1	efficacy					1305:1312	the antitumor efficacy	1291:1312	the antitumor efficacy of the system	1291:1326	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	2	7	theme	transmission	611:622	arg1	efficacy					624:631	transmission efficacy	611:631	transmission efficacy	611:631	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	1	8	theme	targeted	417:424	arg1	system					440:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	4	9	theme	tumor	952:956	arg1	CS					996:997	folic acid-modified CS	976:997	folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface	976:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	4	9	theme	tumor	952:956	arg1	microenvironment					958:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	6	10	theme	membrane-controlled	1406:1424	arg1	nanoparticles					1426:1438	novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles	1400:1438	novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy	1400:1476	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	1	11	theme	drug	305:308	arg1	delivery					310:317	drug delivery	305:317	drug delivery	305:317	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	6	12	theme	tumor-targeting	1454:1468	arg1	therapy					1470:1476	improved tumor-targeting therapy	1445:1476	improved tumor-targeting therapy	1445:1476	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	1	13	theme	drug	426:429	arg1	system					440:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	6	14	theme	improved	1445:1452	arg1	therapy					1470:1476	improved tumor-targeting therapy	1445:1476	improved tumor-targeting therapy	1445:1476	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	1	15	theme	delivery	431:438	arg1	system					440:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	378:445	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	4	16	theme	polysaccharide	1102:1115	arg1	acid					1128:1131	a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid	1077:1131	a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid	1077:1131	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	2	17	theme	nanocomposite	452:464	arg1	material					466:473	The nanocomposite material	448:473	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane	448:496	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	2	17	theme	nanocomposite	452:464	arg1	biocompatible					502:514	biocompatible	502:514	biocompatible	502:514	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	0	18	theme	material-decorated	8:25	arg1	container					58:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container	0:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.	0:130	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	3	19	theme	drug	802:805	arg1	nanoparticles					680:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles	662:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)	662:699	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	19	theme	drug	802:805	arg1	container					807:815	a model drug container	794:815	a model drug container	794:815	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	4	20	theme	cell	1059:1062	arg1	surface					1064:1070	the tumor cell surface	1049:1070	the tumor cell surface	1049:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	3	21	theme	Mesoporous	662:671	arg1	MSNs					695:698	MSNs	695:698	MSNs	695:698	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	21	theme	Mesoporous	662:671	arg1	nanoparticles					680:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles	662:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)	662:699	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	21	theme	Mesoporous	662:671	arg1	container					807:815	a model drug container	794:815	a model drug container	794:815	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	21	theme	Mesoporous	662:671	arg1	carrier					821:827	carrier	821:827	carrier	821:827	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	6	22	with	nanoparticles	1426:1438	arg1	therapy					1470:1476	improved tumor-targeting therapy	1445:1476	improved tumor-targeting therapy	1445:1476	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	1	23	theme	weak	210:213	arg1	selectivity					215:225	weak selectivity	210:225	weak selectivity	210:225	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	0	24	theme	Natural	0:6	arg1	container					58:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container	0:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.	0:130	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	5	25	theme	membrane	1261:1268	arg1	switch					1270:1275	the pH-sensitive membrane switch	1244:1275	the pH-sensitive membrane switch	1244:1275	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	4	26	theme	receptor-targeted	1084:1100	arg1	acid					1128:1131	a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid	1077:1131	a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid	1077:1131	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	3	27	theme	silica	673:678	arg1	MSNs					695:698	MSNs	695:698	MSNs	695:698	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	27	theme	silica	673:678	arg1	nanoparticles					680:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles	662:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)	662:699	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	27	theme	silica	673:678	arg1	container					807:815	a model drug container	794:815	a model drug container	794:815	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	27	theme	silica	673:678	arg1	carrier					821:827	carrier	821:827	carrier	821:827	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	6	28	theme	nanoparticles	1426:1438	arg1	fabrication					1385:1395	fabrication	1385:1395	fabrication	1385:1395	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	6	28	theme	nanoparticles	1426:1438	arg1	design					1374:1379	design	1374:1379	design	1374:1379	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	0	29	theme	silica	38:43	arg1	container					58:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container	0:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.	0:130	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	5	30	theme	switch	1270:1275	arg1	control					1233:1239	the control	1229:1239	the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch	1229:1275	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	2	31	theme	drug	648:651	arg1	release					653:659	controlled drug release	637:659	controlled drug release	637:659	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	6	32	dep	design	1374:1379	arg1	the					1370:1372	the	1370:1372	the	1370:1372	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	0	33	theme	mesoporous	27:36	arg1	container					58:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container	0:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.	0:130	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	2	34	theme	controlled	637:646	arg1	release					653:659	controlled drug release	637:659	controlled drug release	637:659	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	2	35	theme	specific	536:543	arg1	targeting					551:559	specific tumor targeting	536:559	specific tumor targeting	536:559	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	1	36	dep	multifunctional	380:394	arg1	membrane-controlled					397:415	membrane-controlled	397:415	membrane-controlled	397:415	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	4	37	theme	folate	1020:1025	arg1	receptor					1027:1034	the folate receptor	1016:1034	the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface	1016:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	1	38	theme	poor	232:235	arg1	efficacy					249:256	poor therapeutic efficacy	232:256	poor therapeutic efficacy	232:256	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	0	39	theme	nanoparticle	45:56	arg1	container					58:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container	0:66	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.	0:130	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	1	40	theme	natural	334:340	arg1	nanoparticles					361:373	natural material-decorated nanoparticles	334:373	natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	334:445	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	2	41	theme	tumor	545:549	arg1	targeting					551:559	specific tumor targeting	536:559	specific tumor targeting	536:559	The nanocomposite material coated with a membrane was biocompatible and integrated both specific tumor targeting and responsiveness to stimulation, which improved transmission efficacy and controlled drug release.
29200852	5	42	theme	nanocomposite	1172:1184	arg1	behavior					1214:1221	the drug release behavior	1197:1221	the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior	1151:1221	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	5	42	theme	nanocomposite	1172:1184	arg1	structure					1155:1163	the structure	1151:1163	the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior	1151:1221	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	1	43	theme	therapeutic	237:247	arg1	efficacy					249:256	poor therapeutic efficacy	232:256	poor therapeutic efficacy	232:256	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	0	44	theme	multifunctional	72:86	arg1	delivery					122:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	1	45	theme	material-decorated	342:359	arg1	nanoparticles					361:373	natural material-decorated nanoparticles	334:373	natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system	334:445	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	4	46	theme	folic	976:980	arg1	CS					996:997	folic acid-modified CS	976:997	folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface	976:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	4	46	theme	folic	976:980	arg1	microenvironment					958:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	4	47	theme	tumor	1053:1057	arg1	surface					1064:1070	the tumor cell surface	1049:1070	the tumor cell surface	1049:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	3	48	theme	model	796:800	arg1	nanoparticles					680:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles	662:692	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)	662:699	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	3	48	theme	model	796:800	arg1	container					807:815	a model drug container	794:815	a model drug container	794:815	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	1	49	theme	side	145:148	arg1	effects					150:156	the side effects	141:156	the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery	141:317	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	6	50	theme	novel	1400:1404	arg1	nanoparticles					1426:1438	novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles	1400:1438	novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy	1400:1476	Our results provide a basis for the design and fabrication of novel membrane-controlled nanoparticles with improved tumor-targeting therapy.
29200852	5	51	theme	pH-sensitive	1248:1259	arg1	switch					1270:1275	the pH-sensitive membrane switch	1244:1275	the pH-sensitive membrane switch	1244:1275	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	4	52	theme	composite	882:890	arg1	method					892:897	the polyelectrolyte composite method	862:897	the polyelectrolyte composite method	862:897	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	4	53	theme	acid-modified	982:994	arg1	CS					996:997	folic acid-modified CS	976:997	folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface	976:1070	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	4	53	theme	acid-modified	982:994	arg1	microenvironment					958:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	the acidic tumor microenvironment	941:973	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	3	54	theme	high	749:752	arg1	capacity					767:774	high drug-loading capacity	749:774	high drug-loading capacity	749:774	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	4	55	theme	polyelectrolyte	866:880	arg1	method					892:897	the polyelectrolyte composite method	862:897	the polyelectrolyte composite method	862:897	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	5	56	theme	system	1321:1326	arg1	efficacy					1305:1312	the antitumor efficacy	1291:1312	the antitumor efficacy of the system	1291:1326	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	0	57	theme	targeted	108:115	arg1	delivery					122:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	3	58	theme	drug-loading	754:765	arg1	capacity					767:774	high drug-loading capacity	749:774	high drug-loading capacity	749:774	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), which are known for their biocompatibility and high drug-loading capacity, were selected as a model drug container and carrier.
29200852	1	59	theme	nonspecific	168:178	arg1	targeting					180:188	nonspecific targeting	168:188	nonspecific targeting	168:188	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	1	60	theme	current	261:267	arg1	systems					288:294	current nanoparticle-based systems	261:294	current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery	261:317	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
29200852	0	61	theme	membrane-controlled	88:106	arg1	delivery					122:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery	72:129	Natural material-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticle container for multifunctional membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery.
29200852	5	62	theme	release	1206:1212	arg1	behavior					1214:1221	the drug release behavior	1197:1221	the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior	1151:1221	We characterized the structure of the nanocomposite as well as the drug release behavior under the control of the pH-sensitive membrane switch and evaluated the antitumor efficacy of the system in vitro.
29200852	4	63	theme	hyaluronic	1117:1126	arg1	acid					1128:1131	a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid	1077:1131	a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid	1077:1131	The membrane was established by the polyelectrolyte composite method from chitosan (CS) which was sensitive to the acidic tumor microenvironment, folic acid-modified CS which recognizes the folate receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, and a CD44 receptor-targeted polysaccharide hyaluronic acid.
29200852	1	64	theme	nanoparticle-based	269:286	arg1	systems					288:294	current nanoparticle-based systems	261:294	current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery	261:317	To avoid the side effects caused by nonspecific targeting, premature release, weak selectivity, and poor therapeutic efficacy of current nanoparticle-based systems used for drug delivery, we fabricated natural material-decorated nanoparticles as a multifunctional, membrane-controlled targeted drug delivery system.
26793973	8	0	theme	spinner	1085:1091	arg1	system					1101:1106	a spinner culture system	1083:1106	a spinner culture system	1083:1106	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	4	1	theme	protein	548:554	arg1	production					556:565	protein production	548:565	protein production	548:565	Paradoxically, both cell number and protein production decreased dramatically when the clones were expanded.
26793973	1	2	theme	potential	221:229	arg1	applications					243:254	potential therapeutic applications	221:254	potential therapeutic applications	221:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	12	3	theme	rhTSG-6	1621:1627	arg1	mg					1647:1648	4.1 mg to 5.6 mg	1633:1648	4.1 mg to 5.6 mg	1633:1648	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	12	3	theme	rhTSG-6	1621:1627	arg1	yield					1589:1593	The yield	1585:1593	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6	1585:1627	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	11	4	theme	protein	1539:1545	arg1	C-terminus					1521:1530	the C-terminus	1517:1530	the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column	1517:1582	We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column.
26793973	13	5	theme	cell	1822:1825	arg1	lysate					1827:1832	a mammalian cell lysate	1810:1832	a mammalian cell lysate	1810:1832	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	1	6	theme	applications	243:254	arg1	number					211:216	a number	209:216	a number of potential therapeutic applications	209:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	12	7	theme	4.1	1633:1635	arg1	mg					1637:1638	mg	1637:1638	mg	1637:1638	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	13	8	attach	isolated	1796:1803	arg2	rhTSG-6					1788:1794	commercially available rhTSG-6	1765:1794	commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate	1765:1832	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	13	8	attach	isolated	1796:1803	arg1	lysate					1827:1832	a mammalian cell lysate	1810:1832	a mammalian cell lysate	1810:1832	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	13	9	theme	available	1778:1786	arg1	rhTSG-6					1788:1794	commercially available rhTSG-6	1765:1794	commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate	1765:1832	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	12	10	theme	purified	1602:1609	arg1	rhTSG-6					1621:1627	the purified monomeric rhTSG-6	1598:1627	the purified monomeric rhTSG-6	1598:1627	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	0	11	theme	Cells	97:101	arg1	Production					9:18	Scalable Production	0:18	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.	0:121	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	9	12	from	improvements	1234:1245	arg1	conditions					1262:1271	the culture conditions	1250:1271	the culture conditions	1250:1271	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	8	13	theme	pH-dependent	1165:1176	arg1	properties					1186:1195	pH-dependent binding properties	1165:1195	pH-dependent binding properties of the protein	1165:1210	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	10	14	from	%	1374:1374	arg1	medium					1416:1421	the medium	1412:1421	the medium	1412:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	13	15	theme	mammalian	1812:1820	arg1	lysate					1827:1832	a mammalian cell lysate	1810:1832	a mammalian cell lysate	1810:1832	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	5	16	theme	synthesizing	679:690	arg1	cells					696:700	the synthesizing CHO cells	675:700	the synthesizing CHO cells	675:700	The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells.
26793973	13	17	gly	glycoprotein	1885:1896	arg1	it					1854:1855	it	1854:1855	it	1854:1855	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	13	17	gly	glycoprotein	1885:1896	arg1	glycoprotein					1885:1896	a secreted glycoprotein	1874:1896	a secreted glycoprotein	1874:1896	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	5	18	theme	hyaluronan	736:745	arg1	border					726:731	the brush border	716:731	the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells	716:786	The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells.
26793973	1	19	theme	TNF-α	123:127	arg1	TNFAIP6/TSG-6					156:168	TNFAIP6/TSG-6	156:168	TNFAIP6/TSG-6	156:168	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	19	theme	TNF-α	123:127	arg1	protein					192:198	a multifunctional protein	174:198	a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications	174:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	19	theme	TNF-α	123:127	arg1	gene/protein					140:151	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6	123:153	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6)	123:169	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	14	20	theme	murine	1980:1985	arg1	model					1987:1991	a murine model	1978:1991	a murine model	1978:1991	The bioactivity of the rhTSG-6 in suppressing inflammation was demonstrated in a murine model.
26793973	3	21	gly	glycoprotein	498:509	arg1	TSG-6					468:472	recombinant human TSG-6	450:472	recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6)	450:482	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	3	21	gly	glycoprotein	498:509	arg1	glycoprotein					498:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	2	22	with	trials	282:287	arg1	TSG-6					294:298	TSG-6	294:298	TSG-6	294:298	Experiments and clinical trials with TSG-6, however, have been limited by the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein.
26793973	13	23	theme	longer	1736:1741	arg1	half-life					1750:1758	a longer plasma half-life	1734:1758	a longer plasma half-life	1734:1758	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	13	24	theme	secreted	1876:1883	arg1	it					1854:1855	it	1854:1855	it	1854:1855	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	13	24	theme	secreted	1876:1883	arg1	glycoprotein					1885:1896	a secreted glycoprotein	1874:1896	a secreted glycoprotein	1874:1896	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	7	25	theme	synthesis	916:924	arg1	heparin					930:936	heparin	930:936	heparin	930:936	To address these problems, we added to the medium an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis and heparin to compete with the binding of TSG-6 to hyaluronan.
26793973	7	25	theme	synthesis	916:924	arg1	inhibitor					892:900	an inhibitor	889:900	an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis	889:924	To address these problems, we added to the medium an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis and heparin to compete with the binding of TSG-6 to hyaluronan.
26793973	9	26	theme	medium	1336:1341	arg1	liter					1327:1331	5 or 6 liter	1320:1331	5 or 6 liter of medium	1320:1341	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	0	27	theme	Scalable	0:7	arg1	Production					9:18	Scalable Production	0:18	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.	0:121	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	14	28	theme	rhTSG-6	1922:1928	arg1	bioactivity					1903:1913	The bioactivity	1899:1913	The bioactivity of the rhTSG-6 in suppressing inflammation	1899:1956	The bioactivity of the rhTSG-6 in suppressing inflammation was demonstrated in a murine model.
26793973	10	29	dep	%	1374:1374	arg1	S.D.					1383:1386	± 3.76 S.D.	1376:1386	18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium	1370:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	9	30	theme	57.0	1286:1289	arg1	mg					1291:1292	mg	1291:1292	mg	1291:1292	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	4	31	theme	cell	532:535	arg1	number					537:542	cell number	532:542	cell number	532:542	Paradoxically, both cell number and protein production decreased dramatically when the clones were expanded.
26793973	11	32	theme	exchange	1568:1575	arg1	column					1577:1582	an anion exchange column	1559:1582	an anion exchange column	1559:1582	We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column.
26793973	3	33	theme	CHO	425:427	arg1	cells					429:433	CHO cells	425:433	CHO cells	425:433	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	0	34	theme	Multifunctional	25:39	arg1	Protein					41:47	a Multifunctional Protein	23:47	a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself	23:83	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	0	34	theme	Multifunctional	25:39	arg1	TSG-6					50:54	TSG-6	50:54	TSG-6	50:54	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	9	35	theme	±	1294:1294	arg1	S.D.					1301:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D.	1286:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium	1286:1341	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	8	36	theme	medium	1040:1045	arg1	composition					1013:1023	the composition	1009:1023	the composition of the culture medium	1009:1045	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	5	37	theme	cultured	773:780	arg1	cells					782:786	many cultured cells	768:786	many cultured cells	768:786	The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells.
26793973	12	38	theme	medium	1671:1676	arg1	liter					1654:1658	liter	1654:1658	liter of culture medium	1654:1676	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	10	39	theme	protein	1401:1407	arg1	protein					1401:1407	the total protein	1391:1407	the total protein in the medium	1391:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	10	39	theme	protein	1401:1407	arg1	%					1374:1374	18.0%	1370:1374	18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium	1370:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	11	40	theme	Ni-chelate	1460:1469	arg1	column					1471:1476	a Ni-chelate column	1458:1476	a Ni-chelate column	1458:1476	We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column.
26793973	3	41	theme	recombinant	450:460	arg1	TSG-6					468:472	recombinant human TSG-6	450:472	recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6)	450:482	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	3	41	theme	recombinant	450:460	arg1	glycoprotein					498:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	3	41	theme	recombinant	450:460	arg1	rhTSG-6					475:481	rhTSG-6	475:481	rhTSG-6	475:481	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	9	42	theme	rhTSG-6	1309:1315	arg1	S.D.					1301:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D.	1286:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium	1286:1341	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	8	43	from	system	1101:1106	arg1	cells					1072:1076	the CHO cells	1064:1076	the CHO cells from a spinner culture system	1064:1106	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	12	44	theme	5.6	1643:1645	arg1	mg					1637:1638	mg	1637:1638	mg	1637:1638	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	2	45	theme	recombinant	375:385	arg1	protein					387:393	the recombinant protein	371:393	the recombinant protein	371:393	Experiments and clinical trials with TSG-6, however, have been limited by the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein.
26793973	2	46	theme	technical	335:343	arg1	difficulties					345:356	the technical difficulties	331:356	the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein	331:393	Experiments and clinical trials with TSG-6, however, have been limited by the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein.
26793973	0	47	with	Aggregates	62:71	arg1	Itself					78:83	Itself	78:83	Itself	78:83	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	2	48	theme	clinical	273:280	arg1	trials					282:287	clinical trials	273:287	clinical trials	273:287	Experiments and clinical trials with TSG-6, however, have been limited by the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein.
26793973	1	49	theme	therapeutic	231:241	arg1	applications					243:254	potential therapeutic applications	221:254	potential therapeutic applications	221:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	8	50	theme	culture	1093:1099	arg1	system					1101:1106	a spinner culture system	1083:1106	a spinner culture system	1083:1106	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	3	51	theme	secreted	489:496	arg1	TSG-6					468:472	recombinant human TSG-6	450:472	recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6)	450:482	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	3	51	theme	secreted	489:496	arg1	glycoprotein					498:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	8	52	theme	binding	1178:1184	arg1	properties					1186:1195	pH-dependent binding properties	1165:1195	pH-dependent binding properties of the protein	1165:1210	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	12	53	theme	monomeric	1611:1619	arg1	rhTSG-6					1621:1627	the purified monomeric rhTSG-6	1598:1627	the purified monomeric rhTSG-6	1598:1627	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	5	54	theme	CHO	692:694	arg1	cells					696:700	the synthesizing CHO cells	675:700	the synthesizing CHO cells	675:700	The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells.
26793973	8	55	theme	controlled	1129:1138	arg1	pH					1140:1141	controlled pH	1129:1141	controlled pH	1129:1141	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	8	56	theme	protein	1204:1210	arg1	properties					1186:1195	pH-dependent binding properties	1165:1195	pH-dependent binding properties of the protein	1165:1210	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	1	57	theme	multifunctional	176:190	arg1	gene/protein					140:151	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6	123:153	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6)	123:169	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	57	theme	multifunctional	176:190	arg1	protein					192:198	a multifunctional protein	174:198	a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications	174:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	58	contain	has	205:207	arg1	gene/protein					140:151	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6	123:153	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6)	123:169	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	58	contain	has	205:207	arg2	number					211:216	a number	209:216	a number of potential therapeutic applications	209:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	58	contain	has	205:207	arg1	protein					192:198	a multifunctional protein	174:198	a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications	174:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	13	59	theme	plasma	1743:1748	arg1	half-life					1750:1758	a longer plasma half-life	1734:1758	a longer plasma half-life	1734:1758	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	7	60	theme	TSG-6	969:973	arg1	binding					958:964	the binding	954:964	the binding of TSG-6 to hyaluronan	954:987	To address these problems, we added to the medium an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis and heparin to compete with the binding of TSG-6 to hyaluronan.
26793973	2	61	with	Experiments	257:267	arg1	TSG-6					294:298	TSG-6	294:298	TSG-6	294:298	Experiments and clinical trials with TSG-6, however, have been limited by the technical difficulties of producing the recombinant protein.
26793973	12	62	dep	mg	1637:1638	arg1	to					1640:1641	to	1640:1641	to	1640:1641	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	9	63	theme	other	1228:1232	arg1	improvements					1234:1245	other improvements	1228:1245	other improvements in the culture conditions	1228:1271	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	9	64	from	S.D.	1301:1304	arg1	liter					1327:1331	5 or 6 liter	1320:1331	5 or 6 liter of medium	1320:1341	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	1	65	theme	stimulated	129:138	arg1	TNFAIP6/TSG-6					156:168	TNFAIP6/TSG-6	156:168	TNFAIP6/TSG-6	156:168	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	65	theme	stimulated	129:138	arg1	protein					192:198	a multifunctional protein	174:198	a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications	174:254	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	1	65	theme	stimulated	129:138	arg1	gene/protein					140:151	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6	123:153	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6)	123:169	TNF-α stimulated gene/protein 6 (TNFAIP6/TSG-6) is a multifunctional protein that has a number of potential therapeutic applications.
26793973	10	66	from	protein	1401:1407	arg1	medium					1416:1421	the medium	1412:1421	the medium	1412:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	0	67	theme	CHO	93:95	arg1	Cells					97:101	the CHO Cells	89:101	the CHO Cells That Synthesize It	89:120	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	9	68	theme	culture	1254:1260	arg1	conditions					1262:1271	the culture conditions	1250:1271	the culture conditions	1250:1271	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	13	69	contain	had	1730:1732	arg1	protein					1722:1728	the protein	1718:1728	the protein	1718:1728	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	13	69	contain	had	1730:1732	arg2	half-life					1750:1758	a longer plasma half-life	1734:1758	a longer plasma half-life	1734:1758	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	5	70	theme	brush	720:724	arg1	border					726:731	the brush border	716:731	the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells	716:786	The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells.
26793973	7	71	theme	hyaluronan	905:914	arg1	synthesis					916:924	hyaluronan synthesis	905:924	hyaluronan synthesis	905:924	To address these problems, we added to the medium an inhibitor of hyaluronan synthesis and heparin to compete with the binding of TSG-6 to hyaluronan.
26793973	3	72	theme	stable	408:413	arg1	clones					415:420	stable clones	408:420	stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein	408:509	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	8	73	theme	culture	1032:1038	arg1	medium					1040:1045	the culture medium	1028:1045	the culture medium	1028:1045	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	11	74	with	protein	1445:1451	arg1	column					1471:1476	a Ni-chelate column	1458:1476	a Ni-chelate column	1458:1476	We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column.
26793973	11	75	theme	anion	1562:1566	arg1	column					1577:1582	an anion exchange column	1559:1582	an anion exchange column	1559:1582	We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column.
26793973	13	76	theme	intravenous	1685:1695	arg1	injection					1697:1705	intravenous injection	1685:1705	intravenous injection into mice	1685:1715	After intravenous injection into mice, the protein had a longer plasma half-life than commercially available rhTSG-6 isolated from a mammalian cell lysate, apparently because it was recovered as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	0	77	theme	Protein	41:47	arg1	Production					9:18	Scalable Production	0:18	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.	0:121	Scalable Production of a Multifunctional Protein (TSG-6) That Aggregates with Itself and the CHO Cells That Synthesize It.
26793973	9	78	theme	mg	1291:1292	arg1	S.D.					1301:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D.	1286:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium	1286:1341	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	10	79	from	medium	1416:1421	arg1	protein					1401:1407	the total protein	1391:1407	the total protein in the medium	1391:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	10	79	from	medium	1416:1421	arg1	%					1374:1374	18.0%	1370:1374	18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium	1370:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	3	80	theme	cells	429:433	arg1	clones					415:420	stable clones	408:420	stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein	408:509	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	5	81	theme	many	768:771	arg1	cells					782:786	many cultured cells	768:786	many cultured cells	768:786	The decreases occurred because the protein aggregated the synthesizing CHO cells by binding to the brush border of hyaluronan that is found around many cultured cells.
26793973	9	82	theme	9.16	1296:1299	arg1	S.D.					1301:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D.	1286:1304	57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium	1286:1341	With these and other improvements in the culture conditions, we obtained 57.0 mg ± 9.16 S.D. of rhTSG-6 in 5 or 6 liter of medium.
26793973	8	83	theme	CHO	1068:1070	arg1	cells					1072:1076	the CHO cells	1064:1076	the CHO cells from a spinner culture system	1064:1106	Also, we optimized the composition of the culture medium, and transferred the CHO cells from a spinner culture system to a bioreactor that controlled pH and thereby decreased pH-dependent binding properties of the protein.
26793973	12	84	theme	culture	1663:1669	arg1	medium					1671:1676	culture medium	1663:1676	culture medium	1663:1676	The yield of the purified monomeric rhTSG-6 was 4.1 mg to 5.6 mg per liter of culture medium.
26793973	10	85	theme	total	1395:1399	arg1	protein					1401:1407	the total protein	1391:1407	the total protein in the medium	1391:1421	The rhTSG-6 accounted for 18.0% ± 3.76 S.D. of the total protein in the medium.
26793973	11	86	theme	His	1493:1495	arg1	tag					1497:1499	the His tag	1489:1499	the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column	1489:1582	We then purified the protein with a Ni-chelate column that bound the His tag engineered into the C-terminus of the protein followed by an anion exchange column.
26793973	3	87	theme	human	462:466	arg1	TSG-6					468:472	recombinant human TSG-6	450:472	recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6)	450:482	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	3	87	theme	human	462:466	arg1	glycoprotein					498:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	a secreted glycoprotein	487:509	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
26793973	3	87	theme	human	462:466	arg1	rhTSG-6					475:481	rhTSG-6	475:481	rhTSG-6	475:481	We prepared stable clones of CHO cells that expressed recombinant human TSG-6 (rhTSG-6) as a secreted glycoprotein.
28283432	0	0	theme	Moldable	45:52	arg1	Scaffold					64:71	Moldable Composite Scaffold	45:71	Moldable Composite Scaffold	45:71	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	6	1	from	mg	995:996	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	1	from	mg	995:996	arg1	transition					1149:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	5	2	from	stability	794:802	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	6	3	theme	gentamicin	968:977	arg1	loadings					979:986	suitable gentamicin loadings	959:986	suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition	959:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	10	4	theme	infection	1617:1625	arg1	risk					1627:1630	infection risk	1617:1630	infection risk	1617:1630	The results lead to consider the drug delivery for reducing infection risk during bone open surgeries.
28283432	7	5	theme	porosity	1190:1197	arg1	terms					1181:1185	terms	1181:1185	terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability	1181:1256	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	1	6	theme	local	190:194	arg1	delivery					196:203	gentamicin local delivery	179:203	gentamicin local delivery	179:203	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	1	6	theme	local	190:194	arg1	meanwhile					206:214	meanwhile	206:214	meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration	206:255	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	10	7	theme	drug	1590:1593	arg1	delivery					1595:1602	the drug delivery	1586:1602	the drug delivery	1586:1602	The results lead to consider the drug delivery for reducing infection risk during bone open surgeries.
28283432	9	8	theme	bacteriostatic	1517:1530	arg1	effect					1532:1537	chitosan bacteriostatic effect	1508:1537	chitosan bacteriostatic effect	1508:1537	mCSG exerted bactericidal effect for 24 h, with superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h.
28283432	8	9	theme	cell	1328:1331	arg1	results					1341:1347	Good cell seeding results	1323:1347	Good cell seeding results	1323:1347	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	10	10	theme	open	1644:1647	arg1	surgeries					1649:1657	bone open surgeries	1639:1657	bone open surgeries	1639:1657	The results lead to consider the drug delivery for reducing infection risk during bone open surgeries.
28283432	3	11	theme	drug	620:623	arg1	incorporation					625:637	drug incorporation	620:637	drug incorporation	620:637	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	8	12	theme	Antibiotic	1273:1282	arg1	release					1293:1299	Antibiotic in vitro release	1273:1299	Antibiotic in vitro release	1273:1299	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	6	13	theme	hydrogel	1030:1037	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	5	14	theme	water	805:809	arg1	retention					811:819	water retention	805:819	water retention	805:819	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	5	14	theme	water	805:809	arg1	uptake					828:833	water uptake	822:833	water uptake	822:833	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	3	15	theme	drug	670:673	arg1	absorption					675:684	drug absorption	670:684	drug absorption	670:684	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	5	16	theme	coli	929:932	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	6	17	theme	thermosetting	1006:1018	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	5	18	from	effect	907:912	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	6	19	theme	1	1001:1001	arg1	mL					1003:1004	mL	1003:1004	mL	1003:1004	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	2	20	theme	composite	290:298	arg1	hydrogels					300:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels	258:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels	258:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	1	21	theme	biodegradable	139:151	arg1	systems					167:173	biodegradable drug delivery systems	139:173	biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration	139:255	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	6	22	theme	cosolute	1108:1115	arg1	effect					1117:1122	cosolute effect	1108:1122	cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition	1108:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	9	23	theme	first	1546:1550	arg1	4 h					1552:1554	the first 4 h	1542:1554	the first 4 h	1542:1554	mCSG exerted bactericidal effect for 24 h, with superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h.
28283432	0	24	theme	Formulation	74:84	arg1	Study					86:90	Formulation Study	74:90	Formulation Study	74:90	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	5	25	from	seeding	862:868	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	5	26	theme	antimicrobial	893:905	arg1	effect					907:912	antimicrobial effect	893:912	antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	893:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	1	27	theme	delivery	158:165	arg1	systems					167:173	biodegradable drug delivery systems	139:173	biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration	139:255	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	2	28	dep	chitosan	334:341	arg1	granules					382:389	Orthoss® granules	373:389	chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules)	334:390	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	6	29	theme	thermosetting	1080:1092	arg1	behavior					1094:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	30	from	effect	1117:1122	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	30	from	effect	1117:1122	arg1	transition					1149:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	31	theme	irreversible	1058:1069	arg1	behavior					1094:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	7	32	theme	capability	1247:1256	arg1	terms					1181:1185	terms	1181:1185	terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability	1181:1256	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	5	33	from	proliferation	874:886	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	6	34	from	behavior	1094:1101	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	34	from	behavior	1094:1101	arg1	transition					1149:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	0	35	theme	Gentamicin-Loaded	0:16	arg1	Hydrogel					32:39	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel	0:39	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel	0:39	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	2	36	theme	moldable	488:495	arg1	scaffold					507:514	moldable composite scaffold	488:514	moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG	488:543	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	3	37	from	preparation	655:665	arg1	mCS					699:701	preformed mCS	689:701	preformed mCS	689:701	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	7	38	theme	uptake	1225:1230	arg1	terms					1181:1185	terms	1181:1185	terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability	1181:1256	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	2	39	theme	moldable	458:465	arg1	scaffolds					477:485	moldable composite scaffolds	458:485	moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG])	458:545	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	5	40	theme	cell	857:860	arg1	seeding					862:868	cell seeding	857:868	cell seeding	857:868	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	7	41	theme	scaffold	1210:1217	arg1	uptake					1225:1230	scaffold water uptake	1210:1230	scaffold water uptake	1210:1230	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	2	42	dep	scaffolds	477:485	arg1	scaffold					507:514	moldable composite scaffold	488:514	moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG	488:543	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	2	43	theme	Gentamicin-loaded	258:274	arg1	hydrogels					300:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels	258:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels	258:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	2	44	theme	Orthoss®	373:380	arg1	granules					382:389	Orthoss® granules	373:389	chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules)	334:390	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	0	45	dep	Hydrogel	32:39	arg1	Study					86:90	Formulation Study	74:90	Formulation Study	74:90	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	0	45	dep	Hydrogel	32:39	arg1	Evaluation					105:114	Biologic Evaluation	96:114	Biologic Evaluation	96:114	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	3	46	theme	gentamicin	571:580	arg1	loading					582:588	gentamicin loading	571:588	gentamicin loading into mCS	571:597	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	9	47	theme	bactericidal	1454:1465	arg1	effect					1467:1472	bactericidal effect	1454:1472	bactericidal effect	1454:1472	mCSG exerted bactericidal effect for 24 h, with superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h.
28283432	9	48	from	superimposition	1489:1503	arg1	4 h					1552:1554	the first 4 h	1542:1554	the first 4 h	1542:1554	mCSG exerted bactericidal effect for 24 h, with superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h.
28283432	5	49	theme	gentamicin	837:846	arg1	release					848:854	gentamicin release	837:854	gentamicin release	837:854	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	7	50	theme	%	1202:1202	arg1	%					1206:1206	80%-86%	1200:1206	80%-86%	1200:1206	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	7	50	theme	%	1202:1202	arg1	porosity					1190:1197	porosity	1190:1197	porosity (80%-86%)	1190:1207	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	10	51	theme	bone	1639:1642	arg1	surgeries					1649:1657	bone open surgeries	1639:1657	bone open surgeries	1639:1657	The results lead to consider the drug delivery for reducing infection risk during bone open surgeries.
28283432	7	52	from	results	1170:1176	arg1	terms					1181:1185	terms	1181:1185	terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability	1181:1256	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	1	53	theme	gentamicin	179:188	arg1	delivery					196:203	gentamicin local delivery	179:203	gentamicin local delivery	179:203	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	1	53	theme	gentamicin	179:188	arg1	meanwhile					206:214	meanwhile	206:214	meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration	206:255	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	6	54	theme	suitable	959:966	arg1	loadings					979:986	suitable gentamicin loadings	959:986	suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition	959:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	9	55	theme	chitosan	1508:1515	arg1	effect					1532:1537	chitosan bacteriostatic effect	1508:1537	chitosan bacteriostatic effect	1508:1537	mCSG exerted bactericidal effect for 24 h, with superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h.
28283432	7	56	theme	Positive	1161:1168	arg1	results					1170:1176	Positive results	1161:1176	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability	1161:1256	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	2	57	theme	bovine	348:353	arg1	bone					355:358	bovine bone substitutes	348:370	bovine bone substitutes	348:370	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	9	58	theme	effect	1532:1537	arg1	superimposition					1489:1503	superimposition	1489:1503	superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h	1489:1554	mCSG exerted bactericidal effect for 24 h, with superimposition of chitosan bacteriostatic effect in the first 4 h.
28283432	6	59	theme	starting	1039:1046	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	8	60	theme	Good	1323:1326	arg1	results					1341:1347	Good cell seeding results	1323:1347	Good cell seeding results	1323:1347	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	5	61	theme	Escherichia	917:927	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	6	62	theme	composite	1020:1028	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	4	63	theme	hydrogel	714:721	arg1	characterization					723:738	Rheologic hydrogel characterization	704:738	Rheologic hydrogel characterization	704:738	Rheologic hydrogel characterization was performed.
28283432	3	64	theme	hydrogel	646:653	arg1	preparation					655:665	hydrogel preparation	646:665	hydrogel preparation	646:665	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	8	65	theme	in vitro	1284:1291	arg1	release					1293:1299	Antibiotic in vitro release	1273:1299	Antibiotic in vitro release	1273:1299	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	6	66	theme	mL	1003:1004	arg1	solution					1048:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	1001:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	5	67	from	release	848:854	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	3	68	theme	preformed	689:697	arg1	mCS					699:701	preformed mCS	689:701	preformed mCS	689:701	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	2	69	dep	bone	355:358	arg1	substitutes					360:370	substitutes	360:370	substitutes	360:370	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	2	70	theme	thermosetting	276:288	arg1	hydrogels					300:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels	258:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels	258:308	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	4	71	theme	Rheologic	704:712	arg1	characterization					723:738	Rheologic hydrogel characterization	704:738	Rheologic hydrogel characterization	704:738	Rheologic hydrogel characterization was performed.
28283432	1	72	theme	drug	153:156	arg1	systems					167:173	biodegradable drug delivery systems	139:173	biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration	139:255	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	2	73	with	chitosan	334:341	arg1	bone					355:358	bovine bone substitutes	348:370	bovine bone substitutes	348:370	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	0	74	theme	Biologic	96:103	arg1	Evaluation					105:114	Biologic Evaluation	96:114	Biologic Evaluation	96:114	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	5	75	dep	stability	794:802	arg1	retention					811:819	water retention	805:819	water retention	805:819	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	5	75	dep	stability	794:802	arg1	uptake					828:833	water uptake	822:833	water uptake	822:833	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	6	76	theme	hydrogel	1071:1078	arg1	behavior					1094:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	3	77	from	absorption	675:684	arg1	mCS					699:701	preformed mCS	689:701	preformed mCS	689:701	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	5	78	theme	water	822:826	arg1	retention					811:819	water retention	805:819	water retention	805:819	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	5	78	theme	water	822:826	arg1	uptake					828:833	water uptake	822:833	water uptake	822:833	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	8	79	theme	best	1405:1408	arg1	results					1432:1438	the best as cell proliferation results	1401:1438	the best as cell proliferation results	1401:1438	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	7	80	theme	retention	1237:1245	arg1	capability					1247:1256	retention capability	1237:1256	retention capability	1237:1256	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	0	81	theme	Thermosetting	18:30	arg1	Hydrogel					32:39	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel	0:39	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel	0:39	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	8	82	dep	4 h.	1318:1321	arg1	observed					1354:1361	observed	1354:1361	were observed for mCSG1-5	1349:1373	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	2	83	theme	composite	497:505	arg1	scaffold					507:514	moldable composite scaffold	488:514	moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG	488:543	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	8	84	theme	cell	1413:1416	arg1	proliferation					1418:1430	cell proliferation	1413:1430	cell proliferation	1413:1430	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28283432	7	85	theme	water	1219:1223	arg1	uptake					1225:1230	scaffold water uptake	1210:1230	scaffold water uptake	1210:1230	Positive results in terms of porosity (80%-86%), scaffold water uptake, and retention capability were obtained.
28283432	6	86	theme	sol-gel	1141:1147	arg1	transition					1149:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	sol-gel transition	1141:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	2	87	theme	composite	467:475	arg1	scaffolds					477:485	moldable composite scaffolds	458:485	moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG])	458:545	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	0	88	theme	Composite	54:62	arg1	Scaffold					64:71	Moldable Composite Scaffold	45:71	Moldable Composite Scaffold	45:71	Gentamicin-Loaded Thermosetting Hydrogel and Moldable Composite Scaffold: Formulation Study and Biologic Evaluation.
28283432	6	89	theme	gentamicin	1127:1136	arg1	behavior					1094:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior	1058:1101	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	89	theme	gentamicin	1127:1136	arg1	mg					995:996	4 mg	993:996	4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution	993:1055	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	6	89	theme	gentamicin	1127:1136	arg1	effect					1117:1122	cosolute effect	1108:1122	cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition	1108:1158	Results show suitable gentamicin loadings were 4 mg in 1 mL thermosetting composite hydrogel starting solution, irreversible hydrogel thermosetting behavior, and cosolute effect of gentamicin on sol-gel transition.
28283432	2	90	theme	gentamicin	528:537	arg1	[mCSG					539:543	gentamicin [mCSG	528:543	gentamicin [mCSG	528:543	Gentamicin-loaded thermosetting composite hydrogels were prepared combining chitosan with bovine bone substitutes (Orthoss® granules), beta-glycerophosphate as cross-linker, and lyophilized to obtain moldable composite scaffolds (moldable composite scaffold loaded with gentamicin [mCSG]).
28283432	1	91	theme	bone	239:242	arg1	regeneration					244:255	bone regeneration	239:255	bone regeneration	239:255	The aim was to design biodegradable drug delivery systems for gentamicin local delivery, meanwhile acting as scaffold for bone regeneration.
28283432	3	92	theme	Diverse	548:554	arg1	techniques					556:565	Diverse techniques	548:565	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS	548:597	Diverse techniques for gentamicin loading into mCS were investigated by drug incorporation during hydrogel preparation or drug absorption on preformed mCS.
28283432	5	93	from	porosity	784:791	arg1	ATCC					934:937	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	Escherichia coli ATCC 10356	917:943	mCSGs were characterized for porosity, stability (water retention, water uptake), gentamicin release, cell seeding and proliferation, and antimicrobial effect on Escherichia coli ATCC 10356.
28283432	8	94	theme	seeding	1333:1339	arg1	results					1341:1347	Good cell seeding results	1323:1347	Good cell seeding results	1323:1347	Antibiotic in vitro release was completed in 4 h. Good cell seeding results were observed for mCSG1-5; mCSG3 and mCSG5 resulted the best as cell proliferation results.
28837873	6	0	theme	practical	1148:1156	arg1	application					1158:1168	practical application	1148:1168	practical application	1148:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	4	1	from	beads	730:734	arg1	amounts					684:690	the leaching amounts	671:690	the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%)	671:745	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	1	from	beads	730:734	arg1	III					698:700	III	698:700	III	698:700	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	1	from	beads	730:734	arg1	higher					752:757	higher	752:757	higher	752:757	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	2	theme	composite	720:728	arg1	%					744:744	≤ 15.03%	737:744	≤ 15.03%	737:744	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	2	theme	composite	720:728	arg1	beads					730:734	Fe-sericite composite beads	708:734	Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%)	708:745	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	7	3	theme	maximum	1242:1248	arg1	capacities					1259:1268	maximum sorption capacities	1242:1268	maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	1242:1330	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	4	4	theme	Fe-sericite	708:718	arg1	%					744:744	≤ 15.03%	737:744	≤ 15.03%	737:744	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	4	theme	Fe-sericite	708:718	arg1	beads					730:734	Fe-sericite composite beads	708:734	Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%)	708:745	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	7	5	theme	sorption	1250:1257	arg1	capacities					1259:1268	maximum sorption capacities	1242:1268	maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	1242:1330	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	5	6	theme	acute	818:822	arg1	toxicity					824:831	acute toxicity	818:831	acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna	818:898	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	7	7	theme	composite	1204:1212	arg1	beads					1214:1218	Fe-sericite composite beads	1192:1218	Fe-sericite composite beads	1192:1218	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	6	8	theme	powder	1015:1020	arg1	particles					1022:1030	the powder particles	1011:1030	the powder particles	1011:1030	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	6	9	theme	arsenic	1129:1135	arg1	removal					1137:1143	arsenic removal	1129:1143	arsenic removal in practical application	1129:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	5	10	theme	Daphnia	886:892	arg1	magna					894:898	Daphnia magna	886:898	Daphnia magna	886:898	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	4	11	theme	III	698:700	arg1	amounts					684:690	the leaching amounts	671:690	the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%)	671:745	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	11	theme	III	698:700	arg1	III					698:700	III	698:700	III	698:700	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	11	theme	III	698:700	arg1	higher					752:757	higher	752:757	higher	752:757	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	2	12	theme	natural	272:278	arg1	sericite					280:287	natural sericite	272:287	natural sericite modified with iron	272:306	Fe-sericite composite powder was made from natural sericite modified with iron, and alginate was used to transform the powder into beads.
28837873	1	13	theme	Fe-sericite	157:167	arg1	powder					179:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	4	14	theme	corresponding	777:789	arg1	powder					791:796	the corresponding powder	773:796	the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%)	773:806	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	14	theme	corresponding	777:789	arg1	%					805:805	≤ 5.71%	799:805	≤ 5.71%	799:805	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	6	15	from	removal	1137:1143	arg1	application					1158:1168	practical application	1148:1168	practical application	1148:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	3	16	theme	maximum	371:377	arg1	capacities					388:397	The maximum sorption capacities	367:397	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	367:492	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	16	theme	maximum	371:377	arg1	higher					499:504	higher	499:504	higher	499:504	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	1	17	theme	composite	169:177	arg1	powder					179:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	7	18	theme	reported	1357:1364	arg1	sorbents					1366:1373	previously reported sorbents	1346:1373	previously reported sorbents	1346:1373	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	4	19	theme	≤	799:799	arg1	powder					791:796	the corresponding powder	773:796	the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%)	773:806	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	19	theme	≤	799:799	arg1	%					805:805	≤ 5.71%	799:805	≤ 5.71%	799:805	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	7	20	theme	Fe	1180:1181	arg1	content					1183:1189	Fe content	1180:1189	Fe content	1180:1189	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	3	21	theme	Fe-sericite	406:416	arg1	powder					428:433	the Fe-sericite composite powder	402:433	the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	402:492	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	0	22	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	assessment					27:36	Chemical and toxicological assessment	0:36	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.	0:101	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.
28837873	3	23	theme	surface	630:636	arg1	area					638:641	the higher specific surface area	610:641	the higher specific surface area of the powder	610:655	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	6	24	theme	particles	1022:1030	arg1	uptake					1001:1006	higher uptake	994:1006	higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids	994:1046	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	2	25	used	used	326:329	arg2	alginate					313:320	alginate	313:320	alginate	313:320	Fe-sericite composite powder was made from natural sericite modified with iron, and alginate was used to transform the powder into beads.
28837873	3	26	theme	composite	418:426	arg1	powder					428:433	the Fe-sericite composite powder	402:433	the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	402:492	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	5	27	theme	p	971:971	arg1	powder					963:968	the corresponding powder	945:968	the corresponding powder (p > 0.05)	945:979	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	5	27	theme	p	971:971	arg1	>					973:973	p > 0.05	971:978	p > 0.05	971:978	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	6	28	theme	safer	1111:1115	arg1	sorbent					1117:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent	1088:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application	1088:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	6	28	theme	safer	1111:1115	arg1	beads					1071:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	1	29	from	leaching	122:129	arg1	powder					179:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	1	29	from	leaching	122:129	arg1	beads					190:194	beads	190:194	beads	190:194	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	1	30	theme	Batch	103:107	arg1	sorption					109:116	Batch sorption	103:116	Batch sorption	103:116	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	3	31	theme	corresponding	524:536	arg1	beads					538:542	the corresponding beads	520:542	the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder	520:655	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	0	32	theme	toxicological	13:25	arg1	assessment					27:36	Chemical and toxicological assessment	0:36	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.	0:101	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.
28837873	3	33	theme	higher	614:619	arg1	area					638:641	the higher specific surface area	610:641	the higher specific surface area of the powder	610:655	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	5	34	theme	Fe-sericite	851:861	arg1	beads					873:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	0	35	theme	arsenic	41:47	arg1	sorption					49:56	arsenic sorption	41:56	arsenic sorption	41:56	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.
28837873	3	36	theme	specific	621:628	arg1	area					638:641	the higher specific surface area	610:641	the higher specific surface area of the powder	610:655	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	6	37	theme	appropriate	1095:1105	arg1	sorbent					1117:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent	1088:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application	1088:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	6	37	theme	appropriate	1095:1105	arg1	beads					1071:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	5	38	theme	composite	863:871	arg1	beads					873:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	2	39	theme	Fe-sericite	229:239	arg1	powder					251:256	Fe-sericite composite powder	229:256	Fe-sericite composite powder	229:256	Fe-sericite composite powder was made from natural sericite modified with iron, and alginate was used to transform the powder into beads.
28837873	3	40	dep	beads	538:542	arg1	9.02					545:548	9.02	545:548	9.02	545:548	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	40	dep	beads	538:542	arg1	V					583:583	V	583:583	V	583:583	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	40	dep	beads	538:542	arg1	As					580:581	As	580:581	As	580:581	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	40	dep	beads	538:542	arg1	7.11mgg-1					554:562	7.11mgg-1	554:562	7.11mgg-1	554:562	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	41	theme	powder	428:433	arg1	capacities					388:397	The maximum sorption capacities	367:397	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	367:492	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	41	theme	powder	428:433	arg1	higher					499:504	higher	499:504	higher	499:504	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	42	theme	powder	650:655	arg1	area					638:641	the higher specific surface area	610:641	the higher specific surface area of the powder	610:655	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	5	43	from	that	937:940	arg1	different					922:930	different	922:930	different	922:930	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	5	44	theme	beads	873:877	arg1	toxicity					824:831	acute toxicity	818:831	acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna	818:898	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	4	45	theme	leaching	675:682	arg1	amounts					684:690	the leaching amounts	671:690	the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%)	671:745	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	45	theme	leaching	675:682	arg1	III					698:700	III	698:700	III	698:700	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	45	theme	leaching	675:682	arg1	higher					752:757	higher	752:757	higher	752:757	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	3	46	theme	sorption	379:386	arg1	capacities					388:397	The maximum sorption capacities	367:397	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	367:492	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	46	theme	sorption	379:386	arg1	higher					499:504	higher	499:504	higher	499:504	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	47	dep	powder	428:433	arg1	13.21mgg-1					446:455	13.21mgg-1	446:455	13.21mgg-1	446:455	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	3	47	dep	powder	428:433	arg1	15.04					436:440	15.04	436:440	15.04	436:440	The maximum sorption capacities of the Fe-sericite composite powder (15.04 and 13.21mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) were higher than those of the corresponding beads (9.02 and 7.11mgg-1 for As(III) and As(V), respectively) owing to the higher specific surface area of the powder.
28837873	0	48	theme	sorption	49:56	arg1	assessment					27:36	Chemical and toxicological assessment	0:36	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.	0:101	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.
28837873	5	49	theme	corresponding	949:961	arg1	powder					963:968	the corresponding powder	945:968	the corresponding powder (p > 0.05)	945:979	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	5	49	theme	corresponding	949:961	arg1	>					973:973	p > 0.05	971:978	p > 0.05	971:978	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	4	50	theme	≤	737:737	arg1	%					744:744	≤ 15.03%	737:744	≤ 15.03%	737:744	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	4	50	theme	≤	737:737	arg1	beads					730:734	Fe-sericite composite beads	708:734	Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%)	708:745	In addition, the leaching amounts of As(III) from Fe-sericite composite beads (≤ 15.03%) were higher than those of the corresponding powder (≤ 5.71%).
28837873	7	51	theme	56.11mgg-1	1281:1290	arg1	Fe					1292:1293	56.11mgg-1 Fe	1281:1293	56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V)	1281:1315	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	5	52	theme	As	836:837	arg1	beads					873:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	6	53	theme	Fe-sericite	1049:1059	arg1	sorbent					1117:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent	1088:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application	1088:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	6	53	theme	Fe-sericite	1049:1059	arg1	beads					1071:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	7	54	dep	higher	1235:1240	arg1	capacities					1259:1268	maximum sorption capacities	1242:1268	maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively)	1242:1330	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	6	55	theme	composite	1061:1069	arg1	sorbent					1117:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent	1088:1123	a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application	1088:1168	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	6	55	theme	composite	1061:1069	arg1	beads					1071:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Fe-sericite composite beads	1049:1075	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	6	56	theme	higher	994:999	arg1	uptake					1001:1006	higher uptake	994:1006	higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids	994:1046	Considering higher uptake of the powder particles by the daphnids, Fe-sericite composite beads seem to be a more appropriate and safer sorbent for arsenic removal in practical application.
28837873	1	57	from	sorption	109:116	arg1	powder					179:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Fe-sericite composite powder	157:184	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	1	57	from	sorption	109:116	arg1	beads					190:194	beads	190:194	beads	190:194	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	5	58	dep	beads	873:877	arg1	III					839:841	III	839:841	III	839:841	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	7	59	theme	Fe-sericite	1192:1202	arg1	beads					1214:1218	Fe-sericite composite beads	1192:1218	Fe-sericite composite beads	1192:1218	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	1	60	theme	arsenic	134:140	arg1	leaching					122:129	leaching	122:129	leaching	122:129	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	1	60	theme	arsenic	134:140	arg1	sorption					109:116	Batch sorption	103:116	Batch sorption	103:116	Batch sorption and leaching of arsenic (1-30mgL-1) on Fe-sericite composite powder and beads were investigated in this study.
28837873	0	61	theme	composite	75:83	arg1	powder					85:90	Fe-sericite composite powder	63:90	Fe-sericite composite powder	63:90	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.
28837873	5	62	theme	-sorbed	843:849	arg1	beads					873:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads	836:877	However, acute toxicity of As(III)-sorbed Fe-sericite composite beads toward Daphnia magna was not significantly different from that of the corresponding powder (p > 0.05).
28837873	0	63	theme	Fe-sericite	63:73	arg1	powder					85:90	Fe-sericite composite powder	63:90	Fe-sericite composite powder	63:90	Chemical and toxicological assessment of arsenic sorption onto Fe-sericite composite powder and beads.
28837873	2	64	theme	composite	241:249	arg1	powder					251:256	Fe-sericite composite powder	229:256	Fe-sericite composite powder	229:256	Fe-sericite composite powder was made from natural sericite modified with iron, and alginate was used to transform the powder into beads.
28837873	7	65	dep	capacities	1259:1268	arg1	71.19					1271:1275	71.19	1271:1275	71.19	1271:1275	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
28837873	7	65	dep	capacities	1259:1268	arg1	Fe					1292:1293	56.11mgg-1 Fe	1281:1293	56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V)	1281:1315	Based on Fe content, Fe-sericite composite beads had similar or higher maximum sorption capacities (71.19 and 56.11mgg-1 Fe for As(III) and As(V), respectively) than those of previously reported sorbents.
26212722	3	0	theme	growth	323:328	arg1	conditions					330:339	subsequent growth conditions	312:339	subsequent growth conditions	312:339	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	4	1	theme	fetal	492:496	arg1	FCS					510:512	FCS	510:512	FCS	510:512	Biofilms were inoculated with saliva and grown anaerobically for up to 21 days in McBain medium with or without fetal calf serum (FCS) or sucrose.
26212722	4	1	theme	fetal	492:496	arg1	serum					503:507	fetal calf serum	492:507	fetal calf serum (FCS)	492:513	Biofilms were inoculated with saliva and grown anaerobically for up to 21 days in McBain medium with or without fetal calf serum (FCS) or sucrose.
26212722	9	2	theme	McBain	923:928	arg1	biofilms					936:943	McBain grown biofilms	923:943	McBain grown biofilms	923:943	McBain grown biofilms showed low activity for both phenotypes.
26212722	3	3	theme	conditions	330:339	arg1	effect					277:282	the effect	273:282	the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms	273:365	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	7	4	theme	gel	713:715	arg1	DGGE					734:737	DGGE	734:737	DGGE	734:737	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	7	4	theme	gel	713:715	arg1	electrophoresis					717:731	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	693:731	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis	693:747	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	3	5	from	effect	277:282	arg1	biofilms					358:365	in vitro oral biofilms	344:365	in vitro oral biofilms	344:365	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	10	6	theme	pathology-related	1088:1104	arg1	phenotypes					1106:1115	pathology-related phenotypes	1088:1115	pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis	1088:1137	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models were developed and could be differentiated based on pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis.
26212722	11	7	theme	prevention	1221:1230	arg1	measures					1232:1239	prevention measures	1221:1239	prevention measures	1221:1239	These models allow analysis of health-to-disease shifts and the effectiveness of prevention measures.
26212722	11	8	theme	measures	1232:1239	arg1	analysis					1159:1166	analysis	1159:1166	analysis of health-to-disease shifts	1159:1194	These models allow analysis of health-to-disease shifts and the effectiveness of prevention measures.
26212722	11	8	theme	measures	1232:1239	arg1	effectiveness					1204:1216	the effectiveness	1200:1216	the effectiveness of prevention measures	1200:1239	These models allow analysis of health-to-disease shifts and the effectiveness of prevention measures.
26212722	10	9	theme	DGGE	1125:1128	arg1	analysis					1130:1137	DGGE analysis	1125:1137	pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis	1088:1137	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models were developed and could be differentiated based on pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis.
26212722	3	10	theme	oral	353:356	arg1	biofilms					358:365	in vitro oral biofilms	344:365	in vitro oral biofilms	344:365	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	1	11	theme	Commensal	84:92	arg1	biofilms					99:106	Commensal oral biofilms	84:106	Commensal oral biofilms	84:106	Commensal oral biofilms, defined by the absence of pathology-related phenotypes, are ubiquitously present.
26212722	10	12	dep	in	1012:1013	arg1	vitro					1015:1019	vitro	1015:1019	vitro	1015:1019	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models were developed and could be differentiated based on pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis.
26212722	9	13	theme	low	952:954	arg1	activity					956:963	low activity	952:963	low activity for both phenotypes	952:983	McBain grown biofilms showed low activity for both phenotypes.
26212722	1	14	theme	oral	94:97	arg1	biofilms					99:106	Commensal oral biofilms	84:106	Commensal oral biofilms	84:106	Commensal oral biofilms, defined by the absence of pathology-related phenotypes, are ubiquitously present.
26212722	8	15	theme	protease	897:904	arg1	activity					906:913	protease activity	897:913	protease activity	897:913	Lactate production by biofilms was significantly increased by sucrose and protease activity by FCS.
26212722	0	16	theme	In	0:1	arg1	differentiation					20:34	In vitro phenotypic differentiation	0:34	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.	0:82	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.
26212722	5	17	theme	community	580:588	arg1	composition					590:600	the community composition	576:600	the community composition	576:600	Pathology-related phenotypes were quantified and the community composition was determined.
26212722	0	18	theme	phenotypic	9:18	arg1	differentiation					20:34	In vitro phenotypic differentiation	0:34	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.	0:82	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.
26212722	7	19	theme	electrophoresis	717:731	arg1	analysis					740:747	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis	693:747	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis	693:747	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	0	20	theme	commensal	44:52	arg1	biofilms					74:81	commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms	44:81	commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms	44:81	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.
26212722	10	21	theme	relevant	1003:1010	arg1	models					1029:1034	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models	986:1034	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models	986:1034	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models were developed and could be differentiated based on pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis.
26212722	10	22	dep	relevant	1003:1010	arg1	in					1012:1013	in	1012:1013	in	1012:1013	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models were developed and could be differentiated based on pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis.
26212722	3	23	dep	in	344:345	arg1	vitro					347:351	vitro	347:351	vitro	347:351	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	4	24	theme	McBain	462:467	arg1	medium					469:474	McBain medium	462:474	McBain medium with or without fetal calf serum (FCS) or sucrose	462:524	Biofilms were inoculated with saliva and grown anaerobically for up to 21 days in McBain medium with or without fetal calf serum (FCS) or sucrose.
26212722	0	25	theme	pathogenic	58:67	arg1	biofilms					74:81	commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms	44:81	commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms	44:81	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.
26212722	0	26	theme	oral	69:72	arg1	biofilms					74:81	commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms	44:81	commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms	44:81	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.
26212722	5	27	theme	Pathology-related	527:543	arg1	phenotypes					545:554	Pathology-related phenotypes	527:554	Pathology-related phenotypes	527:554	Pathology-related phenotypes were quantified and the community composition was determined.
26212722	3	28	theme	subsequent	312:321	arg1	conditions					330:339	subsequent growth conditions	312:339	subsequent growth conditions	312:339	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	2	29	theme	commensal	228:236	arg1	biofilms					238:245	commensal biofilms	228:245	commensal biofilms	228:245	In contrast to pathological biofilms commensal biofilms are rarely studied.
26212722	7	30	theme	gradient	704:711	arg1	DGGE					734:737	DGGE	734:737	DGGE	734:737	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	7	30	theme	gradient	704:711	arg1	electrophoresis					717:731	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	693:731	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis	693:747	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	11	31	theme	shifts	1189:1194	arg1	analysis					1159:1166	analysis	1159:1166	analysis of health-to-disease shifts	1159:1194	These models allow analysis of health-to-disease shifts and the effectiveness of prevention measures.
26212722	11	31	theme	shifts	1189:1194	arg1	effectiveness					1204:1216	the effectiveness	1200:1216	the effectiveness of prevention measures	1200:1239	These models allow analysis of health-to-disease shifts and the effectiveness of prevention measures.
26212722	3	32	theme	initial	291:297	arg1	inoculum					299:306	the initial inoculum	287:306	the initial inoculum	287:306	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	2	33	theme	pathological	206:217	arg1	biofilms					219:226	pathological biofilms	206:226	pathological biofilms	206:226	In contrast to pathological biofilms commensal biofilms are rarely studied.
26212722	7	34	theme	Denaturing	693:702	arg1	DGGE					734:737	DGGE	734:737	DGGE	734:737	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	7	34	theme	Denaturing	693:702	arg1	electrophoresis					717:731	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	693:731	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis	693:747	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	6	35	theme	individual	660:669	arg1	inocula					671:677	individual inocula	660:677	individual inocula	660:677	Biofilms inoculated with pooled saliva or individual inocula were similar.
26212722	7	36	theme	biofilms	776:783	arg1	differentiation					757:771	differentiation	757:771	differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS	757:820	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis allowed differentiation of biofilms grown with sucrose, but not with FCS.
26212722	3	37	theme	inoculum	299:306	arg1	effect					277:282	the effect	273:282	the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms	273:365	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	10	38	theme	biofilm	1021:1027	arg1	models					1029:1034	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models	986:1034	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models	986:1034	Three clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models were developed and could be differentiated based on pathology-related phenotypes but not DGGE analysis.
26212722	9	39	theme	grown	930:934	arg1	biofilms					936:943	McBain grown biofilms	923:943	McBain grown biofilms	923:943	McBain grown biofilms showed low activity for both phenotypes.
26212722	11	40	theme	health-to-disease	1171:1187	arg1	shifts					1189:1194	health-to-disease shifts	1171:1194	health-to-disease shifts	1171:1194	These models allow analysis of health-to-disease shifts and the effectiveness of prevention measures.
26212722	1	41	theme	pathology-related	135:151	arg1	phenotypes					153:162	pathology-related phenotypes	135:162	pathology-related phenotypes	135:162	Commensal oral biofilms, defined by the absence of pathology-related phenotypes, are ubiquitously present.
26212722	8	42	theme	Lactate	823:829	arg1	production					831:840	Lactate production	823:840	Lactate production by biofilms	823:852	Lactate production by biofilms was significantly increased by sucrose and protease activity by FCS.
26212722	2	43	dep	biofilms	219:226	arg1	contrast					194:201	contrast	194:201	contrast	194:201	In contrast to pathological biofilms commensal biofilms are rarely studied.
26212722	3	44	theme	in	344:345	arg1	biofilms					358:365	in vitro oral biofilms	344:365	in vitro oral biofilms	344:365	Here, the effect of the initial inoculum and subsequent growth conditions on in vitro oral biofilms was studied.
26212722	4	45	theme	calf	498:501	arg1	FCS					510:512	FCS	510:512	FCS	510:512	Biofilms were inoculated with saliva and grown anaerobically for up to 21 days in McBain medium with or without fetal calf serum (FCS) or sucrose.
26212722	4	45	theme	calf	498:501	arg1	serum					503:507	fetal calf serum	492:507	fetal calf serum (FCS)	492:513	Biofilms were inoculated with saliva and grown anaerobically for up to 21 days in McBain medium with or without fetal calf serum (FCS) or sucrose.
26212722	0	46	dep	In	0:1	arg1	vitro					3:7	vitro	3:7	vitro	3:7	In vitro phenotypic differentiation towards commensal and pathogenic oral biofilms.
26212722	1	47	theme	phenotypes	153:162	arg1	absence					124:130	the absence	120:130	the absence of pathology-related phenotypes	120:162	Commensal oral biofilms, defined by the absence of pathology-related phenotypes, are ubiquitously present.
26212722	6	48	theme	pooled	643:648	arg1	saliva					650:655	pooled saliva	643:655	pooled saliva	643:655	Biofilms inoculated with pooled saliva or individual inocula were similar.
25244135	0	0	theme	glutinis	92:99	arg1	cells					101:105	immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	68:105	immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	68:105	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	6	1	theme	high	916:919	arg1	concentrations					931:944	high substrate concentrations	916:944	high substrate concentrations	916:944	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	4	2	theme	biodegradation	660:673	arg1	medium					675:680	the biodegradation medium	656:680	the biodegradation medium	656:680	The utilization number of pellets increased with the addition of calcium ions into the biodegradation medium.
25244135	7	3	theme	logistic	989:996	arg1	model					998:1002	logistic model	989:1002	logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis	989:1037	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	1	4	theme	phenol	147:152	arg1	range					173:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range	141:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	141:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	1	5	theme	glutinis	246:253	arg1	cells					255:259	alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	213:259	alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system	213:275	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	0	6	theme	Rhodotorula	80:90	arg1	cells					101:105	immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	68:105	immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	68:105	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	7	7	theme	phenol	1082:1087	arg1	concentrations					1089:1102	different initial phenol concentrations	1064:1102	different initial phenol concentrations of OMW	1064:1109	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	7	8	from	parameters	975:984	arg1	OMW					1042:1044	OMW	1042:1044	OMW	1042:1044	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	5	9	theme	effectiveness	695:707	arg1	factors					709:715	The overall effectiveness factors	683:715	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions	683:751	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions showed that diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition could be neglected.
25244135	3	10	dep	dephenolization	515:529	arg1	%					513:513	%	513:513	%	513:513	Up to 87% dephenolization was obtained after 120 h biodegradations.
25244135	2	11	theme	cell	349:352	arg1	properties					300:309	pellet properties	293:309	pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL))	293:366	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	11	theme	cell	349:352	arg1	loading					354:360	cell loading	349:360	cell loading	349:360	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	1	12	theme	batch	264:268	arg1	system					270:275	batch system	264:275	batch system	264:275	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	2	13	theme	OMW	487:489	arg1	dephenolization					468:482	dephenolization	468:482	dephenolization of OMW	468:489	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	5	14	theme	pellet	802:807	arg1	size					809:812	pellet size	802:812	pellet size	802:812	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions showed that diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition could be neglected.
25244135	4	15	theme	calcium	638:644	arg1	ions					646:649	calcium ions	638:649	calcium ions	638:649	The utilization number of pellets increased with the addition of calcium ions into the biodegradation medium.
25244135	1	16	theme	TP	155:156	arg1	range					173:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range	141:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	141:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	5	17	theme	diffusional	765:775	arg1	limitations					777:787	diffusional limitations	765:787	diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition	765:835	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions showed that diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition could be neglected.
25244135	7	18	theme	initial	1074:1080	arg1	concentrations					1089:1102	different initial phenol concentrations	1064:1102	different initial phenol concentrations of OMW	1064:1109	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	2	19	theme	agitation	422:430	arg1	parameters					384:393	operational parameters	372:393	operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets)	372:463	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	19	theme	agitation	422:430	arg1	rate					432:435	agitation rate	422:435	agitation rate	422:435	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	20	theme	pellets	456:462	arg1	parameters					384:393	operational parameters	372:393	operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets)	372:463	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	20	theme	pellets	456:462	arg1	reusability					441:451	reusability	441:451	reusability	441:451	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	20	theme	pellets	456:462	arg1	concentration					407:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	20	theme	pellets	456:462	arg1	rate					432:435	agitation rate	422:435	agitation rate	422:435	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	1	21	with	wastewater	119:128	arg1	range					173:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range	141:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	141:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	5	22	theme	different	732:740	arg1	conditions					742:751	different conditions	732:751	different conditions	732:751	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions showed that diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition could be neglected.
25244135	1	23	theme	concentration	159:171	arg1	range					173:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range	141:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	141:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	7	24	theme	OMW	1107:1109	arg1	concentrations					1089:1102	different initial phenol concentrations	1064:1102	different initial phenol concentrations of OMW	1064:1109	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	3	25	dep	87	511:512	arg1	to					508:509	to	508:509	to	508:509	Up to 87% dephenolization was obtained after 120 h biodegradations.
25244135	2	26	theme	properties	300:309	arg1	effects					282:288	The effects	278:288	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW	278:489	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	6	27	theme	transfer	862:869	arg1	limitations					871:881	Mass transfer limitations	857:881	Mass transfer limitations	857:881	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	7	28	theme	different	1064:1072	arg1	concentrations					1089:1102	different initial phenol concentrations	1064:1102	different initial phenol concentrations of OMW	1064:1109	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	1	29	theme	Olive	108:112	arg1	OMW					131:133	OMW	131:133	OMW	131:133	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	1	29	theme	Olive	108:112	arg1	wastewater					119:128	Olive mill wastewater	108:128	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	108:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	3	30	theme	h	554:554	arg1	biodegradations					556:570	120 h biodegradations	550:570	120 h biodegradations	550:570	Up to 87% dephenolization was obtained after 120 h biodegradations.
25244135	2	31	theme	initial	396:402	arg1	parameters					384:393	operational parameters	372:393	operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets)	372:463	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	31	theme	initial	396:402	arg1	concentration					407:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	32	theme	TP	404:405	arg1	parameters					384:393	operational parameters	372:393	operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets)	372:463	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	32	theme	TP	404:405	arg1	concentration					407:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	6	33	from	rates	964:968	arg1	effective					903:911	effective	903:911	effective	903:911	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	1	34	theme	mill	114:117	arg1	OMW					131:133	OMW	131:133	OMW	131:133	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	1	34	theme	mill	114:117	arg1	wastewater					119:128	Olive mill wastewater	108:128	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	108:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	0	35	theme	mill	33:36	arg1	dephenolization					49:63	olive mill wastewater dephenolization	27:63	olive mill wastewater dephenolization	27:63	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	2	36	theme	parameters	384:393	arg1	effects					282:288	The effects	278:288	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW	278:489	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	37	dep	parameters	384:393	arg1	parameters					384:393	operational parameters	372:393	operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets)	372:463	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	37	dep	parameters	384:393	arg1	reusability					441:451	reusability	441:451	reusability	441:451	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	37	dep	parameters	384:393	arg1	concentration					407:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	37	dep	parameters	384:393	arg1	rate					432:435	agitation rate	422:435	agitation rate	422:435	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	1	38	theme	mg/L	191:194	arg1	range					173:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range	141:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	141:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	0	39	theme	olive	27:31	arg1	dephenolization					49:63	olive mill wastewater dephenolization	27:63	olive mill wastewater dephenolization	27:63	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	5	40	theme	overall	687:693	arg1	factors					709:715	The overall effectiveness factors	683:715	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions	683:751	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions showed that diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition could be neglected.
25244135	1	41	from	cells	255:259	arg1	system					270:275	batch system	264:275	batch system	264:275	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	6	42	theme	Mass	857:860	arg1	limitations					871:881	Mass transfer limitations	857:881	Mass transfer limitations	857:881	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	2	43	theme	operational	372:382	arg1	parameters					384:393	operational parameters	372:393	operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets)	372:463	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	43	theme	operational	372:382	arg1	reusability					441:451	reusability	441:451	reusability	441:451	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	43	theme	operational	372:382	arg1	concentration					407:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	initial TP concentration	396:419	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	43	theme	operational	372:382	arg1	rate					432:435	agitation rate	422:435	agitation rate	422:435	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	0	44	theme	dephenolization	49:63	arg1	kinetics					15:22	kinetics	15:22	kinetics	15:22	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	0	44	theme	dephenolization	49:63	arg1	Parameters					0:9	Parameters	0:9	Parameters	0:9	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	6	45	theme	agitation	954:962	arg1	rates					964:968	low agitation rates	950:968	low agitation rates	950:968	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	7	46	theme	R.	1027:1028	arg1	glutinis					1030:1037	R. glutinis	1027:1037	R. glutinis	1027:1037	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	0	47	theme	wastewater	38:47	arg1	dephenolization					49:63	olive mill wastewater dephenolization	27:63	olive mill wastewater dephenolization	27:63	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	6	48	from	concentrations	931:944	arg1	effective					903:911	effective	903:911	effective	903:911	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	3	49	theme	120	550:552	arg1	h					554:554	h	554:554	h	554:554	Up to 87% dephenolization was obtained after 120 h biodegradations.
25244135	7	50	theme	growth	1008:1013	arg1	kinetics					1015:1022	growth kinetics	1008:1022	growth kinetics of R. glutinis	1008:1037	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	2	51	theme	alginate	322:329	arg1	concentration					331:343	alginate concentration	322:343	alginate concentration	322:343	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	51	theme	alginate	322:329	arg1	properties					300:309	pellet properties	293:309	pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL))	293:366	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	7	52	theme	experimental	1131:1142	arg1	data					1144:1147	experimental data	1131:1147	experimental data	1131:1147	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	7	53	theme	glutinis	1030:1037	arg1	kinetics					1015:1022	growth kinetics	1008:1022	growth kinetics of R. glutinis	1008:1037	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	4	54	theme	ions	646:649	arg1	addition					626:633	the addition	622:633	the addition of calcium ions into the biodegradation medium	622:680	The utilization number of pellets increased with the addition of calcium ions into the biodegradation medium.
25244135	2	55	theme	pellet	293:298	arg1	loading					354:360	cell loading	349:360	cell loading	349:360	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	55	theme	pellet	293:298	arg1	diameter					312:319	diameter	312:319	diameter	312:319	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	55	theme	pellet	293:298	arg1	concentration					331:343	alginate concentration	322:343	alginate concentration	322:343	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	55	theme	pellet	293:298	arg1	properties					300:309	pellet properties	293:309	pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL))	293:366	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	5	56	theme	pellet	818:823	arg1	composition					825:835	pellet composition	818:835	pellet composition	818:835	The overall effectiveness factors calculated for different conditions showed that diffusional limitations arising from pellet size and pellet composition could be neglected.
25244135	7	57	theme	model	998:1002	arg1	parameters					975:984	The parameters	971:984	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW	971:1044	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	2	58	dep	properties	300:309	arg1	properties					300:309	pellet properties	293:309	pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL))	293:366	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	58	dep	properties	300:309	arg1	diameter					312:319	diameter	312:319	diameter	312:319	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	58	dep	properties	300:309	arg1	concentration					331:343	alginate concentration	322:343	alginate concentration	322:343	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	58	dep	properties	300:309	arg1	loading					354:360	cell loading	349:360	cell loading	349:360	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	58	dep	properties	300:309	arg1	CL					363:364	CL	363:364	CL	363:364	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	2	59	from	effects	282:288	arg1	dephenolization					468:482	dephenolization	468:482	dephenolization of OMW	468:489	The effects of pellet properties (diameter, alginate concentration and cell loading (CL)) and operational parameters (initial TP concentration, agitation rate and reusability of pellets) on dephenolization of OMW were studied.
25244135	0	60	theme	immobilized	68:78	arg1	cells					101:105	immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	68:105	immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	68:105	Parameters and kinetics of olive mill wastewater dephenolization by immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells.
25244135	7	61	with	curve-fitting	1114:1126	arg1	model					1158:1162	the model	1154:1162	the model	1154:1162	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	4	62	theme	pellets	599:605	arg1	number					589:594	The utilization number	573:594	The utilization number of pellets	573:605	The utilization number of pellets increased with the addition of calcium ions into the biodegradation medium.
25244135	3	63	dep	%	513:513	arg1	87					511:512	87	511:512	87	511:512	Up to 87% dephenolization was obtained after 120 h biodegradations.
25244135	1	64	theme	alginate-immobilized	213:232	arg1	cells					255:259	alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	213:259	alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system	213:275	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	7	65	theme	data	1144:1147	arg1	curve-fitting					1114:1126	curve-fitting	1114:1126	curve-fitting of experimental data with the model	1114:1162	The parameters of logistic model for growth kinetics of R. glutinis in OMW were estimated at different initial phenol concentrations of OMW by curve-fitting of experimental data with the model.
25244135	6	66	theme	substrate	921:929	arg1	concentrations					931:944	high substrate concentrations	916:944	high substrate concentrations	916:944	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	4	67	theme	utilization	577:587	arg1	number					589:594	The utilization number	573:594	The utilization number of pellets	573:605	The utilization number of pellets increased with the addition of calcium ions into the biodegradation medium.
25244135	1	68	theme	total	141:145	arg1	range					173:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range	141:177	total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L	141:194	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
25244135	6	69	theme	low	950:952	arg1	rates					964:968	low agitation rates	950:968	low agitation rates	950:968	Mass transfer limitations appeared to be more effective at high substrate concentrations and low agitation rates.
25244135	1	70	theme	Rhodotorula	234:244	arg1	cells					255:259	alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells	213:259	alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system	213:275	Olive mill wastewater (OMW) with total phenol (TP) concentration range of 300-1200 mg/L was treated with alginate-immobilized Rhodotorula glutinis cells in batch system.
28056369	4	0	theme	%	676:676	arg1	yield					652:656	the highest yield	640:656	the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass	640:691	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	1	1	theme	residue	171:177	arg1	conversion					137:146	The conversion	133:146	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid	133:194	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	6	2	theme	high	970:973	arg1	yield					975:979	the high yield	966:979	the high yield of glycolic acid	966:996	The mechanism of HTL was investigated and the results show that the carbocation C3 was attacked by methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	5	3	theme	Undaria	749:755	arg1	residue					769:775	Undaria pinnatifida residue	749:775	Undaria pinnatifida residue	749:775	Methylamine promoted the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue, and significantly improved the yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	4	4	theme	glycolic	621:628	arg1	acid					612:615	the major organic acid	594:615	the major organic acid	594:615	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	4	theme	glycolic	621:628	arg1	acid					630:633	glycolic acid	621:633	glycolic acid	621:633	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	6	5	theme	glycolic	984:991	arg1	acid					993:996	glycolic acid	984:996	glycolic acid	984:996	The mechanism of HTL was investigated and the results show that the carbocation C3 was attacked by methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	0	6	theme	temperature	94:104	arg1	liquefaction					119:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	5	7	from	residue	769:775	arg1	dissolution					719:729	the dissolution	715:729	the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue	715:775	Methylamine promoted the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue, and significantly improved the yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	7	8	theme	highest	1060:1066	arg1	rate					1077:1080	the highest recovery rate	1056:1080	the highest recovery rate	1056:1080	In addition, the recovery of methylamine was studied and the highest recovery rate reached 99.28%.
28056369	3	9	theme	glycolic	533:540	arg1	acid					542:545	glycolic acid	533:545	glycolic acid	533:545	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	1	10	theme	low	279:281	arg1	temperature					283:293	relatively low temperature	268:293	relatively low temperature	268:293	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	0	11	theme	low	90:92	arg1	liquefaction					119:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	0	12	from	acid	54:57	arg1	liquefaction					119:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	7	13	theme	recovery	1068:1075	arg1	rate					1077:1080	the highest recovery rate	1056:1080	the highest recovery rate	1056:1080	In addition, the recovery of methylamine was studied and the highest recovery rate reached 99.28%.
28056369	2	14	theme	liquid	364:369	arg1	products					371:378	bio-oil and liquid products	352:378	bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	352:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	4	15	theme	biomass	685:691	arg1	%					666:666	46.52%	661:666	46.52%	661:666	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	15	theme	biomass	685:691	arg1	%					676:676	33.98%	671:676	33.98%	671:676	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	15	theme	biomass	685:691	arg1	biomass					685:691	dry biomass	681:691	dry biomass	681:691	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	3	16	theme	organic	504:510	arg1	product					492:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	16	theme	organic	504:510	arg1	acid					512:515	organic acid	504:515	organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid	504:587	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	5	17	theme	glycolic	818:825	arg1	acid					827:830	glycolic acid	818:830	glycolic acid	818:830	Methylamine promoted the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue, and significantly improved the yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	3	18	theme	liquid	485:490	arg1	product					492:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	18	theme	liquid	485:490	arg1	acid					512:515	organic acid	504:515	organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid	504:587	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	6	19	theme	acid	993:996	arg1	yield					975:979	the high yield	966:979	the high yield of glycolic acid	966:996	The mechanism of HTL was investigated and the results show that the carbocation C3 was attacked by methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	1	20	theme	glycolic	182:189	arg1	acid					191:194	glycolic acid	182:194	glycolic acid	182:194	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	0	21	theme	hydrothermal	106:117	arg1	liquefaction					119:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	90:130	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	7	22	theme	methylamine	1028:1038	arg1	recovery					1016:1023	the recovery	1012:1023	the recovery of methylamine	1012:1038	In addition, the recovery of methylamine was studied and the highest recovery rate reached 99.28%.
28056369	3	23	theme	lactic	548:553	arg1	acid					555:558	lactic acid	548:558	lactic acid	548:558	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	4	24	theme	highest	644:650	arg1	yield					652:656	the highest yield	640:656	the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass	640:691	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	2	25	theme	liquefaction	462:473	arg1	pathways					433:440	the chemical reaction pathways	411:440	the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	411:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	2	26	theme	hydrothermal	449:460	arg1	liquefaction					462:473	the hydrothermal liquefaction	445:473	the hydrothermal liquefaction	445:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	3	27	theme	acetic	577:582	arg1	acid					584:587	acetic acid	577:587	acetic acid	577:587	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	0	28	theme	pinnatifida	22:32	arg1	residue					34:40	Undaria pinnatifida residue	14:40	Undaria pinnatifida residue	14:40	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	3	29	theme	formic	561:566	arg1	acid					568:571	formic acid	561:571	formic acid	561:571	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	2	30	theme	pathways	433:440	arg1	knowledge					398:406	the knowledge	394:406	the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	394:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	0	31	theme	Undaria	14:20	arg1	residue					34:40	Undaria pinnatifida residue	14:40	Undaria pinnatifida residue	14:40	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	6	32	theme	methylamine	932:942	arg1	molecule					944:951	methylamine molecule	932:951	methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid	932:996	The mechanism of HTL was investigated and the results show that the carbocation C3 was attacked by methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	1	33	from	temperature	283:293	arg1	catalyst					233:240	catalyst	233:240	catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature	233:293	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	6	34	theme	HTL	850:852	arg1	mechanism					837:845	The mechanism	833:845	The mechanism of HTL	833:852	The mechanism of HTL was investigated and the results show that the carbocation C3 was attacked by methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	2	35	theme	reaction	424:431	arg1	pathways					433:440	the chemical reaction pathways	411:440	the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	411:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	5	36	theme	pinnatifida	757:767	arg1	residue					769:775	Undaria pinnatifida residue	749:775	Undaria pinnatifida residue	749:775	Methylamine promoted the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue, and significantly improved the yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	5	37	theme	acid	827:830	arg1	yield					809:813	the yield	805:813	the yield of glycolic acid	805:830	Methylamine promoted the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue, and significantly improved the yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	2	38	theme	chemical	415:422	arg1	pathways					433:440	the chemical reaction pathways	411:440	the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	411:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	0	39	theme	residue	34:40	arg1	Conversion					0:9	Conversion	0:9	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.	0:131	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	2	40	theme	bio-oil	352:358	arg1	products					371:378	bio-oil and liquid products	352:378	bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	352:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	0	41	theme	glycolic	45:52	arg1	acid					54:57	glycolic acid	45:57	glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction	45:130	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	6	42	theme	carbocation	901:911	arg1	C3					913:914	the carbocation C3	897:914	the carbocation C3	897:914	The mechanism of HTL was investigated and the results show that the carbocation C3 was attacked by methylamine molecule which led to the high yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	4	43	theme	dry	681:683	arg1	biomass					685:691	dry biomass	681:691	dry biomass	681:691	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	44	theme	%	666:666	arg1	yield					652:656	the highest yield	640:656	the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass	640:691	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	2	45	used	used	316:319	arg2	HPLC					306:309	HPLC	306:309	HPLC	306:309	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	2	45	used	used	316:319	arg2	GC-MS					296:300	GC-MS	296:300	GC-MS	296:300	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	4	46	theme	organic	604:610	arg1	acid					612:615	the major organic acid	594:615	the major organic acid	594:615	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	46	theme	organic	604:610	arg1	acid					630:633	glycolic acid	621:633	glycolic acid	621:633	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	47	with	acid	630:633	arg1	yield					652:656	the highest yield	640:656	the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass	640:691	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	0	48	with	acid	54:57	arg1	methylamine					75:85	recyclable methylamine	64:85	recyclable methylamine	64:85	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	1	49	theme	pinnatifida	159:169	arg1	residue					171:177	Undaria pinnatifida residue	151:177	Undaria pinnatifida residue	151:177	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	4	50	theme	major	598:602	arg1	acid					612:615	the major organic acid	594:615	the major organic acid	594:615	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	4	50	theme	major	598:602	arg1	acid					630:633	glycolic acid	621:633	glycolic acid	621:633	And the major organic acid was glycolic acid with the highest yield of 46.52% or 33.98% of dry biomass.
28056369	0	51	theme	recyclable	64:73	arg1	methylamine					75:85	recyclable methylamine	64:85	recyclable methylamine	64:85	Conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid with recyclable methylamine in low temperature hydrothermal liquefaction.
28056369	3	52	theme	main	480:483	arg1	product					492:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	52	theme	main	480:483	arg1	acid					512:515	organic acid	504:515	organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid	504:587	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	1	53	theme	Undaria	151:157	arg1	residue					171:177	Undaria pinnatifida residue	151:177	Undaria pinnatifida residue	151:177	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	1	54	theme	hydrothermal	245:256	arg1	method					258:263	hydrothermal method	245:263	hydrothermal method	245:263	The conversion of Undaria pinnatifida residue to glycolic acid was carried out using methylamine as catalyst by hydrothermal method at relatively low temperature.
28056369	5	55	theme	cellulose	734:742	arg1	dissolution					719:729	the dissolution	715:729	the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue	715:775	Methylamine promoted the dissolution of cellulose from Undaria pinnatifida residue, and significantly improved the yield of glycolic acid.
28056369	3	56	contain	contained	523:531	arg1	product					492:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product	476:498	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	56	contain	contained	523:531	arg2	acid					555:558	lactic acid	548:558	lactic acid	548:558	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	56	contain	contained	523:531	arg2	acid					542:545	glycolic acid	533:545	glycolic acid	533:545	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	56	contain	contained	523:531	arg2	acid					584:587	acetic acid	577:587	acetic acid	577:587	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	56	contain	contained	523:531	arg2	acid					568:571	formic acid	561:571	formic acid	561:571	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	3	56	contain	contained	523:531	arg1	acid					512:515	organic acid	504:515	organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid	504:587	The main liquid product was organic acid which contained glycolic acid, lactic acid, formic acid and acetic acid.
28056369	2	57	theme	products	371:378	arg1	composition					337:347	the composition	333:347	the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction	333:473	GC-MS and HPLC were used to identify the composition of bio-oil and liquid products which provide the knowledge of the chemical reaction pathways of the hydrothermal liquefaction.
24603701	10	0	theme	TGF-β	2030:2034	arg1	ligand					2036:2041	TGF-β ligand	2030:2041	TGF-β ligand	2030:2041	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	2	1	theme	-β1	373:375	arg1	expression					377:386	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression	331:386	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models	331:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	11	2	theme	wound	2342:2346	arg1	healing					2348:2354	proper wound healing	2335:2354	proper wound healing	2335:2354	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	3	3	theme	package	581:587	arg1	networks					604:611	loose package collagen fiber networks	575:611	loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter	575:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	10	4	from	alternations	2014:2025	arg1	ligand					2036:2041	TGF-β ligand	2030:2041	TGF-β ligand	2030:2041	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	10	4	from	alternations	2014:2025	arg1	expression					2056:2065	receptor expression	2047:2065	receptor expression	2047:2065	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	9	5	theme	remodeling	1790:1799	arg1	stage					1801:1805	the remodeling stage	1786:1805	the remodeling stage	1786:1805	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	1	6	theme	small	184:188	arg1	proteoglycan					203:214	a small leucine-rich proteoglycan	182:214	a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	182:265	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	1	6	theme	small	184:188	arg1	Fibromodulin					159:170	Fibromodulin	159:170	Fibromodulin (FMOD)	159:177	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	11	7	theme	TGF-β	2258:2262	arg1	bioactivity					2264:2274	TGF-β bioactivity	2258:2274	TGF-β bioactivity	2258:2274	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	10	8	theme	repair	2090:2095	arg1	stages					2074:2079	all stages	2070:2079	all stages of wound repair in various cell types	2070:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	2	9	theme	transforming	341:352	arg1	TGF					369:371	TGF	369:371	TGF	369:371	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	2	9	theme	transforming	341:352	arg1	factor					361:366	transforming growth factor	341:366	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models	331:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	11	10	theme	ligands	2196:2202	arg1	distribution					2174:2185	temporospatial distribution	2159:2185	temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors	2159:2216	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	6	11	theme	FMOD-null	1231:1239	arg1	wounds					1241:1246	FMOD-null wounds	1231:1246	FMOD-null wounds	1231:1246	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	0	12	theme	wound	144:148	arg1	healing					150:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	3	13	theme	fiber	598:602	arg1	networks					604:611	loose package collagen fiber networks	575:611	loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter	575:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	3	14	with	networks	604:611	arg1	diameter					635:642	increased fibril diameter	618:642	increased fibril diameter	618:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	1	15	theme	fetal	238:242	arg1	repair					260:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	11	16	theme	receptors	2208:2216	arg1	distribution					2174:2185	temporospatial distribution	2159:2185	temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors	2159:2216	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	8	17	theme	robust	1400:1405	arg1	expression					1407:1416	significantly more robust expression	1381:1416	significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage	1381:1497	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	10	18	theme	various	2100:2106	arg1	types					2113:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	3	19	theme	fibril	628:633	arg1	diameter					635:642	increased fibril diameter	618:642	increased fibril diameter	618:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	5	20	theme	transcriptase-polymerase	959:982	arg1	reaction					990:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	9	21	theme	collagen	1851:1858	arg1	capability					1870:1879	the declined collagen synthesis capability	1838:1879	the declined collagen synthesis capability	1838:1879	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	6	22	located	observed	1219:1226	arg1	wounds					1241:1246	FMOD-null wounds	1231:1246	FMOD-null wounds	1231:1246	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	6	22	located	observed	1219:1226	arg2	infiltration					1115:1126	elevated inflammatory infiltration	1093:1126	elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1093:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	2	23	theme	increased	283:291	arg1	levels					298:303	increased FMOD levels	283:303	increased FMOD levels	283:303	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	8	24	theme	tissue	1603:1608	arg1	formation					1610:1618	postponed granulation tissue formation	1581:1618	postponed granulation tissue formation	1581:1618	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	5	25	dep	full-thickness	1007:1020	arg1	primary					1023:1029	primary	1023:1029	primary	1023:1029	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	7	26	theme	proliferative	1341:1353	arg1	stage					1355:1359	the proliferative stage	1337:1359	the proliferative stage	1337:1359	This increased inflammation was correlated with accelerated epithelial migration during the proliferative stage.
24603701	0	27	theme	temporospatial	31:44	arg1	patterns					57:64	temporospatial expression patterns	31:64	temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors	31:118	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	6	28	theme	inflammatory	1073:1084	arg1	stage					1086:1090	the inflammatory stage	1069:1090	the inflammatory stage	1069:1090	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	9	29	theme	unordinary	1885:1894	arg1	architecture					1905:1916	unordinary collagen architecture	1885:1916	unordinary collagen architecture	1885:1916	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	4	30	theme	ligands	731:737	arg1	activities					711:720	activities	711:720	activities of TGF-β ligands	711:737	In addition, we found that FMOD modulates in vitro expression and activities of TGF-β ligands in an isoform-specific manner.
24603701	4	30	theme	ligands	731:737	arg1	expression					696:705	in vitro expression	687:705	in vitro expression	687:705	In addition, we found that FMOD modulates in vitro expression and activities of TGF-β ligands in an isoform-specific manner.
24603701	10	31	from	stages	2074:2079	arg1	types					2113:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	5	32	theme	quantitative	938:949	arg1	reaction					990:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	10	33	theme	single	1966:1971	arg1	FMOD					1987:1990	FMOD	1987:1990	FMOD	1987:1990	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	10	33	theme	single	1966:1971	arg1	gene					1981:1984	a single missing gene	1964:1984	a single missing gene	1964:1984	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	8	34	theme	FMOD-null	1451:1459	arg1	wounds					1461:1466	FMOD-null wounds	1451:1466	FMOD-null wounds	1451:1466	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	7	35	theme	epithelial	1309:1318	arg1	migration					1320:1328	accelerated epithelial migration	1297:1328	accelerated epithelial migration during the proliferative stage	1297:1359	This increased inflammation was correlated with accelerated epithelial migration during the proliferative stage.
24603701	5	36	theme	intention	1031:1039	arg1	model					1055:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	2	37	theme	rodent	416:421	arg1	models					423:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	0	38	theme	mouse	133:137	arg1	healing					150:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	5	39	theme	closure	1047:1053	arg1	model					1055:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	8	40	theme	postponed	1581:1589	arg1	formation					1610:1618	postponed granulation tissue formation	1581:1618	postponed granulation tissue formation	1581:1618	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	6	41	theme	I	1158:1158	arg1	levels					1175:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels	1143:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1143:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	8	42	theme	proliferative	1479:1491	arg1	stage					1493:1497	the proliferative stage	1475:1497	the proliferative stage	1475:1497	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	11	43	theme	proper	2335:2340	arg1	healing					2348:2354	proper wound healing	2335:2354	proper wound healing	2335:2354	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	6	44	theme	increased	1143:1151	arg1	levels					1175:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels	1143:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1143:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	11	45	theme	complex	2281:2287	arg1	way					2289:2291	a complex way	2279:2291	a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing	2279:2354	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	7	46	theme	increased	1254:1262	arg1	inflammation					1264:1275	This increased inflammation	1249:1275	This increased inflammation	1249:1275	This increased inflammation was correlated with accelerated epithelial migration during the proliferative stage.
24603701	9	47	theme	TGF-β	1704:1708	arg1	ligands					1710:1716	TGF-β ligands	1704:1716	TGF-β ligands	1704:1716	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	5	48	theme	TGF-β	823:827	arg1	ligands					829:835	TGF-β ligands	823:835	TGF-β ligands	823:835	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	6	49	theme	inflammatory	1102:1113	arg1	infiltration					1115:1126	elevated inflammatory infiltration	1093:1126	elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1093:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	11	50	theme	physical	2307:2314	arg1	binding					2316:2322	simple physical binding	2300:2322	simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing	2300:2354	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	5	51	theme	temporospatial	785:798	arg1	profiles					811:818	temporospatial expression profiles	785:818	temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice	785:886	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	8	52	theme	dermal	1527:1532	arg1	migration					1539:1547	delayed dermal cell migration	1519:1547	delayed dermal cell migration	1519:1547	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	3	53	theme	wound	522:526	arg1	closure					528:534	delayed wound closure	514:534	delayed wound closure	514:534	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	0	54	theme	transforming	69:80	arg1	ligands					98:104	transforming growth factor-β ligands	69:104	transforming growth factor-β ligands	69:104	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	10	55	theme	missing	1973:1979	arg1	FMOD					1987:1990	FMOD	1987:1990	FMOD	1987:1990	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	10	55	theme	missing	1973:1979	arg1	gene					1981:1984	a single missing gene	1964:1984	a single missing gene	1964:1984	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	10	56	theme	conspicuous	2002:2012	arg1	alternations					2014:2025	conspicuous alternations	2002:2025	conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression	2002:2065	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	1	57	theme	cutaneous	244:252	arg1	repair					260:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	9	58	theme	dermal	1745:1750	arg1	cells					1752:1756	FMOD-null dermal cells	1735:1756	FMOD-null dermal cells	1735:1756	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	6	59	theme	inflammatory	1196:1207	arg1	cells					1209:1213	individual inflammatory cells	1185:1213	individual inflammatory cells	1185:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	5	60	dep	wild-type	868:876	arg1	WT					879:880	WT	879:880	WT	879:880	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	3	61	theme	scar	550:553	arg1	size					555:558	increased scar size	540:558	increased scar size	540:558	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	5	62	theme	ligands	829:835	arg1	profiles					811:818	temporospatial expression profiles	785:818	temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice	785:886	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	4	63	dep	in	687:688	arg1	vitro					690:694	vitro	690:694	vitro	690:694	In addition, we found that FMOD modulates in vitro expression and activities of TGF-β ligands in an isoform-specific manner.
24603701	5	64	theme	expression	800:809	arg1	profiles					811:818	temporospatial expression profiles	785:818	temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice	785:886	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	3	65	from	FMOD-deficiency	470:484	arg1	animals					495:501	adult animals	489:501	adult animals	489:501	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	6	66	theme	receptor	1166:1173	arg1	levels					1175:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels	1143:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1143:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	3	67	theme	loose	575:579	arg1	networks					604:611	loose package collagen fiber networks	575:611	loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter	575:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	11	68	theme	temporospatial	2159:2172	arg1	distribution					2174:2185	temporospatial distribution	2159:2185	temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors	2159:2216	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	8	69	theme	receptors	1438:1446	arg1	expression					1407:1416	significantly more robust expression	1381:1416	significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage	1381:1497	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	2	70	from	expression	377:386	arg1	models					423:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	4	71	theme	in	687:688	arg1	expression					696:705	in vitro expression	687:705	in vitro expression	687:705	In addition, we found that FMOD modulates in vitro expression and activities of TGF-β ligands in an isoform-specific manner.
24603701	10	72	theme	receptor	2047:2054	arg1	expression					2056:2065	receptor expression	2047:2065	receptor expression	2047:2065	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	2	73	theme	growth	354:359	arg1	TGF					369:371	TGF	369:371	TGF	369:371	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	2	73	theme	growth	354:359	arg1	factor					361:366	transforming growth factor	341:366	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models	331:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	1	74	theme	leucine-rich	190:201	arg1	proteoglycan					203:214	a small leucine-rich proteoglycan	182:214	a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	182:265	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	1	74	theme	leucine-rich	190:201	arg1	Fibromodulin					159:170	Fibromodulin	159:170	Fibromodulin (FMOD)	159:177	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	10	75	theme	wound	2084:2088	arg1	repair					2090:2095	wound repair	2084:2095	wound repair in various cell types	2084:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	2	76	theme	decreased	331:339	arg1	expression					377:386	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression	331:386	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models	331:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	5	77	theme	wild-type	868:876	arg1	mice					883:886	wild-type (WT) mice	868:886	wild-type (WT) mice	868:886	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	8	78	theme	TGF-β	1432:1436	arg1	receptors					1438:1446	TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors	1421:1446	TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors	1421:1446	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	8	79	theme	other	1369:1373	arg1	hand					1375:1378	the other hand	1365:1378	the other hand	1365:1378	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	1	80	theme	scarless	229:236	arg1	repair					260:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	11	81	theme	TGF-β	2190:2194	arg1	ligands					2196:2202	TGF-β ligands	2190:2202	TGF-β ligands	2190:2202	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	7	82	theme	accelerated	1297:1307	arg1	migration					1320:1328	accelerated epithelial migration	1297:1328	accelerated epithelial migration during the proliferative stage	1297:1359	This increased inflammation was correlated with accelerated epithelial migration during the proliferative stage.
24603701	3	83	theme	increased	618:626	arg1	diameter					635:642	increased fibril diameter	618:642	increased fibril diameter	618:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	5	84	theme	reverse	951:957	arg1	reaction					990:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	9	85	theme	declined	1842:1849	arg1	capability					1870:1879	the declined collagen synthesis capability	1838:1879	the declined collagen synthesis capability	1838:1879	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	8	86	theme	granulation	1591:1601	arg1	formation					1610:1618	postponed granulation tissue formation	1581:1618	postponed granulation tissue formation	1581:1618	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	5	87	from	profiles	811:818	arg1	FMOD-null					854:862	FMOD-null	854:862	FMOD-null	854:862	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	5	87	from	profiles	811:818	arg1	mice					883:886	wild-type (WT) mice	868:886	wild-type (WT) mice	868:886	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	2	88	theme	FMOD	293:296	arg1	levels					298:303	increased FMOD levels	283:303	increased FMOD levels	283:303	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	5	89	theme	chain	984:988	arg1	reaction					990:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	938:997	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	3	90	theme	collagen	589:596	arg1	networks					604:611	loose package collagen fiber networks	575:611	loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter	575:642	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	6	91	theme	elevated	1093:1100	arg1	infiltration					1115:1126	elevated inflammatory infiltration	1093:1126	elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1093:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	9	92	theme	synthesis	1860:1868	arg1	capability					1870:1879	the declined collagen synthesis capability	1838:1879	the declined collagen synthesis capability	1838:1879	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	4	93	theme	isoform-specific	745:760	arg1	manner					762:767	an isoform-specific manner	742:767	an isoform-specific manner	742:767	In addition, we found that FMOD modulates in vitro expression and activities of TGF-β ligands in an isoform-specific manner.
24603701	0	94	theme	ligands	98:104	arg1	patterns					57:64	temporospatial expression patterns	31:64	temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors	31:118	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	5	95	theme	immunohistochemical	905:923	arg1	staining					925:932	immunohistochemical staining	905:932	immunohistochemical staining	905:932	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	8	96	theme	wound	1624:1628	arg1	closure					1630:1636	wound closure	1624:1636	wound closure	1624:1636	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	8	97	theme	TGF-β3	1421:1426	arg1	receptors					1438:1446	TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors	1421:1446	TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors	1421:1446	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	0	98	theme	receptors	110:118	arg1	patterns					57:64	temporospatial expression patterns	31:64	temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors	31:118	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	9	99	theme	collagen	1896:1903	arg1	architecture					1905:1916	unordinary collagen architecture	1885:1916	unordinary collagen architecture	1885:1916	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	4	100	theme	TGF-β	725:729	arg1	ligands					731:737	TGF-β ligands	725:737	TGF-β ligands	725:737	In addition, we found that FMOD modulates in vitro expression and activities of TGF-β ligands in an isoform-specific manner.
24603701	0	101	theme	adult	127:131	arg1	healing					150:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	10	102	from	repair	2090:2095	arg1	types					2113:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	8	103	from	expression	1407:1416	arg1	wounds					1461:1466	FMOD-null wounds	1451:1466	FMOD-null wounds	1451:1466	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	8	104	theme	scar	1652:1655	arg1	size					1657:1660	scar size	1652:1660	scar size	1652:1660	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	2	105	theme	factor	361:366	arg1	expression					377:386	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression	331:386	decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models	331:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	0	106	theme	skin	139:142	arg1	healing					150:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	adult mouse skin wound healing	127:156	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	5	107	theme	wound	1041:1045	arg1	model					1055:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	6	108	theme	TGF-β	1160:1164	arg1	levels					1175:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels	1143:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1143:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	2	109	theme	adult	410:414	arg1	models					423:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	5	110	theme	receptors	841:849	arg1	profiles					811:818	temporospatial expression profiles	785:818	temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice	785:886	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	10	111	from	types	2113:2117	arg1	stages					2074:2079	all stages	2070:2079	all stages of wound repair in various cell types	2070:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
24603701	6	112	theme	type	1153:1156	arg1	levels					1175:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels	1143:1180	increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells	1143:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	11	113	theme	simple	2300:2305	arg1	binding					2316:2322	simple physical binding	2300:2322	simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing	2300:2354	Therefore, FMOD critically coordinates temporospatial distribution of TGF-β ligands and receptors in vivo, suggesting that FMOD modulates TGF-β bioactivity in a complex way beyond simple physical binding to promote proper wound healing.
24603701	2	114	theme	fetal	400:404	arg1	models					423:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	0	115	theme	expression	46:55	arg1	patterns					57:64	temporospatial expression patterns	31:64	temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors	31:118	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	5	116	theme	full-thickness	1007:1020	arg1	model					1055:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model	1005:1059	In this study, temporospatial expression profiles of TGF-β ligands and receptors in FMOD-null and wild-type (WT) mice were compared by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using a full-thickness, primary intention wound closure model.
24603701	9	117	theme	WT	1677:1678	arg1	controls					1680:1687	WT controls	1677:1687	WT controls	1677:1687	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	2	118	theme	multiple	391:398	arg1	models					423:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	multiple fetal and adult rodent models	391:428	Interestingly, increased FMOD levels have been correlated with decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression in multiple fetal and adult rodent models.
24603701	9	119	theme	ligands	1710:1716	arg1	expression					1690:1699	expression	1690:1699	expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells	1690:1756	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	3	120	theme	previous	435:442	arg1	studies					444:450	Our previous studies	431:450	Our previous studies	431:450	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	3	121	theme	adult	489:493	arg1	animals					495:501	adult animals	489:501	adult animals	489:501	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	0	122	theme	growth	82:87	arg1	ligands					98:104	transforming growth factor-β ligands	69:104	transforming growth factor-β ligands	69:104	Fibromodulin-deficiency alters temporospatial expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β ligands and receptors during adult mouse skin wound healing.
24603701	9	123	theme	receptors	1722:1730	arg1	expression					1690:1699	expression	1690:1699	expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells	1690:1756	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	8	124	theme	delayed	1519:1525	arg1	migration					1539:1547	delayed dermal cell migration	1519:1547	delayed dermal cell migration	1519:1547	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	3	125	theme	increased	540:548	arg1	size					555:558	increased scar size	540:558	increased scar size	540:558	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	9	126	theme	FMOD-null	1735:1743	arg1	cells					1752:1756	FMOD-null dermal cells	1735:1756	FMOD-null dermal cells	1735:1756	Compared with WT controls, expression of TGF-β ligands and receptors by FMOD-null dermal cells was markedly reduced during the remodeling stage, which may have contributed to the declined collagen synthesis capability and unordinary collagen architecture.
24603701	8	127	theme	cell	1534:1537	arg1	migration					1539:1547	delayed dermal cell migration	1519:1547	delayed dermal cell migration	1519:1547	On the other hand, significantly more robust expression of TGF-β3 and TGF-β receptors in FMOD-null wounds during the proliferative stage was associated with delayed dermal cell migration and proliferation, which led to postponed granulation tissue formation and wound closure and increased scar size.
24603701	6	128	from	levels	1175:1180	arg1	cells					1209:1213	individual inflammatory cells	1185:1213	individual inflammatory cells	1185:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	3	129	theme	delayed	514:520	arg1	closure					528:534	delayed wound closure	514:534	delayed wound closure	514:534	Our previous studies demonstrated that FMOD-deficiency in adult animals results in delayed wound closure and increased scar size accompanied by loose package collagen fiber networks with increased fibril diameter.
24603701	1	130	theme	wound	254:258	arg1	repair					260:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair	229:265	Fibromodulin (FMOD) is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan required for scarless fetal cutaneous wound repair.
24603701	6	131	theme	individual	1185:1194	arg1	cells					1209:1213	individual inflammatory cells	1185:1213	individual inflammatory cells	1185:1213	During the inflammatory stage, elevated inflammatory infiltration accompanied by increased type I TGF-β receptor levels in individual inflammatory cells was observed in FMOD-null wounds.
24603701	10	132	theme	cell	2108:2111	arg1	types					2113:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	various cell types	2100:2117	Taken together, this study demonstrates that a single missing gene, FMOD, leads to conspicuous alternations in TGF-β ligand and receptor expression at all stages of wound repair in various cell types.
26949214	0	0	theme	high	177:180	arg1	chromatography					201:214	high performance liquid chromatography	177:214	high performance liquid chromatography	177:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	5	1	used	used	1209:1212	arg2	RSM					1153:1155	RSM	1153:1155	RSM	1153:1155	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	1	used	used	1209:1212	arg2	methodology					1140:1150	Response surface methodology	1123:1150	Response surface methodology (RSM)	1123:1156	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	1	used	used	1209:1212	arg2	technique					1194:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	4	2	theme	size	1065:1068	arg1	complementarity					1070:1084	the size complementarity	1061:1084	the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD	1061:1120	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	3	3	theme	Fe3O4/RGO	757:765	arg1	β-CD					767:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	741:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	741:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	1	4	theme	@	308:308	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	4	theme	@	308:308	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	11	5	from	extraction	1900:1909	arg1	matrices					1975:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	1	6	theme	2-naphthoxyacetic	482:498	arg1	acid					500:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid	482:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)	482:511	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	6	theme	2-naphthoxyacetic	482:498	arg1	phytohormones					431:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones	403:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	403:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	6	theme	2-naphthoxyacetic	482:498	arg1	2-NOA					506:510	2-NOA	506:510	2-NOA	506:510	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	2	7	theme	precipitation	634:646	arg1	method					648:653	in situ chemical precipitation method	617:653	in situ chemical precipitation method	617:653	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	2	8	theme	oxide	563:567	arg1	composite					569:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	537:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO)	537:589	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	2	8	theme	oxide	563:567	arg1	Fe3O4/RGO					580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	0	9	theme	phytohormones	138:150	arg1	determination					121:133	the determination	117:133	the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography	117:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	11	10	theme	naphthalene-derived	1932:1950	arg1	phytormones					1952:1962	naphthalene-derived phytormones	1932:1962	naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices	1932:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	9	11	theme	relative	1634:1641	arg1	RSDs					1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	11	theme	relative	1634:1641	arg1	%					1689:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	11	theme	relative	1634:1641	arg1	deviations					1652:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations	1609:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs)	1609:1668	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	1	12	theme	naphthalene-derived	411:429	arg1	acid					500:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid	482:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)	482:511	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	12	theme	naphthalene-derived	411:429	arg1	phytohormones					431:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones	403:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	403:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	12	theme	naphthalene-derived	411:429	arg1	acid					467:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid	446:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)	446:476	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	13	theme	functionalized	241:254	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	13	theme	functionalized	241:254	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	6	14	theme	good	1327:1330	arg1	data					1344:1347	good performance data	1327:1347	good performance data	1327:1347	Under the optimal conditions, good performance data was obtained.
26949214	3	15	theme	vibrating	870:878	arg1	VSM					901:903	VSM	901:903	VSM	901:903	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	3	15	theme	vibrating	870:878	arg1	magnetometer					887:898	vibrating sample magnetometer	870:898	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	870:904	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	0	16	from	determination	121:133	arg1	tomatoes					155:162	tomatoes	155:162	tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography	155:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	2	17	theme	resultant	710:718	arg1	composite					730:738	the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite	706:738	the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite	706:738	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	0	18	theme	performance	182:192	arg1	chromatography					201:214	high performance liquid chromatography	177:214	high performance liquid chromatography	177:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	1	19	theme	acetic	460:465	arg1	phytohormones					431:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones	403:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	403:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	19	theme	acetic	460:465	arg1	NAA					473:475	NAA	473:475	NAA	473:475	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	19	theme	acetic	460:465	arg1	acid					467:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid	446:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)	446:476	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	11	20	from	determination	1915:1927	arg1	matrices					1975:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	0	21	theme	magnetic	70:77	arg1	extraction					91:100	magnetic solid-phase extraction	70:100	magnetic solid-phase extraction	70:100	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	5	22	theme	surface	1132:1138	arg1	methodology					1140:1150	Response surface methodology	1123:1150	Response surface methodology (RSM)	1123:1156	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	22	theme	surface	1132:1138	arg1	technique					1194:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	22	theme	surface	1132:1138	arg1	RSM					1153:1155	RSM	1153:1155	RSM	1153:1155	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	4	23	theme	higher	1003:1008	arg1	efficiency					1021:1030	higher extraction efficiency	1003:1030	higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD	1003:1120	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	2	24	theme	reduced	546:552	arg1	composite					569:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	537:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO)	537:589	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	2	24	theme	reduced	546:552	arg1	Fe3O4/RGO					580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	3	25	theme	X-ray	842:846	arg1	diffraction					848:858	X-ray diffraction	842:858	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	842:864	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	3	25	theme	X-ray	842:846	arg1	XRD					861:863	XRD	861:863	XRD	861:863	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	3	26	dep	Fourier	793:799	arg1	transform					801:809	transform	801:809	transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	801:904	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	4	27	theme	better	970:975	arg1	selectivity					987:997	better molecular selectivity	970:997	better molecular selectivity	970:997	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	11	28	theme	complex	1967:1973	arg1	matrices					1975:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	0	29	theme	Magnetic	0:7	arg1	oxide					26:30	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide	0:30	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction	0:100	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	5	30	theme	experimental	1174:1185	arg1	methodology					1140:1150	Response surface methodology	1123:1150	Response surface methodology (RSM)	1123:1156	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	30	theme	experimental	1174:1185	arg1	technique					1194:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	11	31	theme	pretreatment	1814:1825	arg1	method					1790:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	11	31	theme	pretreatment	1814:1825	arg1	procedure					1842:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	0	32	theme	graphene	17:24	arg1	oxide					26:30	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide	0:30	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction	0:100	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	10	33	theme	95.89	1753:1757	arg1	%					1748:1748	%	1748:1748	%	1748:1748	The recoveries ranged from 91.45% to 95.89%.
26949214	7	34	with	ngg	1443:1445	arg1	coefficients					1468:1479	correlation coefficients	1456:1479	correlation coefficients (R(2))	1456:1486	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	2	35	theme	graphene	554:561	arg1	composite					569:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	537:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO)	537:589	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	2	35	theme	graphene	554:561	arg1	Fe3O4/RGO					580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	11	36	link	naphthalene-derived	1932:1950	arg1	phytormones					1952:1962	naphthalene-derived phytormones	1932:1962	naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices	1932:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	8	37	theme	detection	1550:1558	arg1	ngg					1577:1579	0.67 ngg	1572:1579	0.67 ngg(-1) for both NAA and 2-NOA	1572:1606	The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.67 ngg(-1) for both NAA and 2-NOA.
26949214	8	37	theme	detection	1550:1558	arg1	limits					1540:1545	The limits	1536:1545	The limits of detection (LODs)	1536:1565	The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.67 ngg(-1) for both NAA and 2-NOA.
26949214	1	38	theme	magnetic	256:263	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	38	theme	magnetic	256:263	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	11	39	from	phytormones	1952:1962	arg1	matrices					1975:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	complex matrices	1967:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	1	40	dep	phytohormones	431:443	arg1	acid					500:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid	482:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)	482:511	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	40	dep	phytohormones	431:443	arg1	2-NOA					506:510	2-NOA	506:510	2-NOA	506:510	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	40	dep	phytohormones	431:443	arg1	phytohormones					431:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones	403:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	403:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	40	dep	phytohormones	431:443	arg1	NAA					473:475	NAA	473:475	NAA	473:475	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	40	dep	phytohormones	431:443	arg1	acid					467:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid	446:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)	446:476	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	41	link	naphthalene-derived	411:429	arg1	acid					500:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid	482:503	2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)	482:511	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	41	link	naphthalene-derived	411:429	arg1	phytohormones					431:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones	403:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	403:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	41	link	naphthalene-derived	411:429	arg1	acid					467:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid	446:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)	446:476	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	42	theme	graphene	273:280	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	42	theme	graphene	273:280	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	0	43	from	phytohormones	138:150	arg1	tomatoes					155:162	tomatoes	155:162	tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography	155:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	6	44	theme	optimal	1307:1313	arg1	conditions					1315:1324	the optimal conditions	1303:1324	the optimal conditions	1303:1324	Under the optimal conditions, good performance data was obtained.
26949214	2	45	theme	in	617:618	arg1	method					648:653	in situ chemical precipitation method	617:653	in situ chemical precipitation method	617:653	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	4	46	theme	complementarity	1070:1084	arg1	dint					1053:1056	dint	1053:1056	dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD	1053:1120	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	10	47	dep	%	1748:1748	arg1	to					1750:1751	to	1750:1751	to	1750:1751	The recoveries ranged from 91.45% to 95.89%.
26949214	1	48	theme	Fe3O4/RGO	299:307	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	48	theme	Fe3O4/RGO	299:307	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	7	49	theme	correlation	1456:1466	arg1	coefficients					1468:1479	correlation coefficients	1456:1479	correlation coefficients (R(2))	1456:1486	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	3	50	theme	@	766:766	arg1	β-CD					767:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	741:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	741:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	11	51	theme	selective	1890:1898	arg1	extraction					1900:1909	selective extraction	1890:1909	selective extraction	1890:1909	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	5	52	from	efficiency	1275:1284	arg1	detail					1289:1294	detail	1289:1294	detail	1289:1294	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	3	53	theme	as-prepared	745:755	arg1	β-CD					767:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	741:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	741:770	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	11	54	theme	phytormones	1952:1962	arg1	determination					1915:1927	determination	1915:1927	determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices	1915:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	11	54	theme	phytormones	1952:1962	arg1	extraction					1900:1909	selective extraction	1890:1909	selective extraction	1890:1909	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	2	55	theme	chemical	625:632	arg1	method					648:653	in situ chemical precipitation method	617:653	in situ chemical precipitation method	617:653	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	4	56	theme	β-CD	1117:1120	arg1	introduction					1101:1112	the introduction	1097:1112	the introduction of β-CD	1097:1120	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	9	57	theme	inter-day	1624:1632	arg1	RSDs					1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	57	theme	inter-day	1624:1632	arg1	%					1689:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	57	theme	inter-day	1624:1632	arg1	deviations					1652:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations	1609:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs)	1609:1668	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	58	theme	intra-	1613:1618	arg1	RSDs					1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	58	theme	intra-	1613:1618	arg1	%					1689:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	58	theme	intra-	1613:1618	arg1	deviations					1652:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations	1609:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs)	1609:1668	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	59	theme	standard	1643:1650	arg1	RSDs					1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	RSDs	1664:1667	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	59	theme	standard	1643:1650	arg1	%					1689:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	less than 6.02%	1675:1689	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	9	59	theme	standard	1643:1650	arg1	deviations					1652:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations	1609:1661	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs)	1609:1668	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	5	60	theme	multivariate	1161:1172	arg1	methodology					1140:1150	Response surface methodology	1123:1150	Response surface methodology (RSM)	1123:1156	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	60	theme	multivariate	1161:1172	arg1	technique					1194:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	6	61	theme	performance	1332:1342	arg1	data					1344:1347	good performance data	1327:1347	good performance data	1327:1347	Under the optimal conditions, good performance data was obtained.
26949214	1	62	theme	phytohormones	431:443	arg1	determination					386:398	the determination	382:398	the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	382:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	11	63	theme	enrichment	1831:1840	arg1	method					1790:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	11	63	theme	enrichment	1831:1840	arg1	procedure					1842:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	7	64	dep	600	1439:1441	arg1	to					1436:1437	to	1436:1437	to	1436:1437	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	2	65	dep	in	617:618	arg1	situ					620:623	situ	620:623	situ	620:623	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	2	66	theme	Fe3O4/RGO	720:728	arg1	composite					730:738	the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite	706:738	the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite	706:738	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	0	67	theme	liquid	194:199	arg1	chromatography					201:214	high performance liquid chromatography	177:214	high performance liquid chromatography	177:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	1	68	theme	1-naphthalene	446:458	arg1	phytohormones					431:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones	403:443	the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA))	403:512	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	68	theme	1-naphthalene	446:458	arg1	NAA					473:475	NAA	473:475	NAA	473:475	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	68	theme	1-naphthalene	446:458	arg1	acid					467:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid	446:470	1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)	446:476	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	10	69	theme	91.45	1743:1747	arg1	%					1748:1748	%	1748:1748	%	1748:1748	The recoveries ranged from 91.45% to 95.89%.
26949214	3	70	theme	sample	880:885	arg1	VSM					901:903	VSM	901:903	VSM	901:903	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	3	70	theme	sample	880:885	arg1	magnetometer					887:898	vibrating sample magnetometer	870:898	vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	870:904	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	0	71	theme	solid-phase	79:89	arg1	extraction					91:100	magnetic solid-phase extraction	70:100	magnetic solid-phase extraction	70:100	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	4	72	theme	molecular	977:985	arg1	selectivity					987:997	better molecular selectivity	970:997	better molecular selectivity	970:997	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	7	73	theme	calibration	1367:1377	arg1	curves					1379:1384	The calibration curves	1363:1384	The calibration curves	1363:1384	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	7	73	theme	calibration	1367:1377	arg1	linear					1391:1396	linear	1391:1396	linear	1391:1396	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	5	74	theme	experimental	1226:1237	arg1	parameters					1239:1248	experimental parameters	1226:1248	experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail	1226:1294	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	75	theme	extraction	1264:1273	arg1	efficiency					1275:1284	the extraction efficiency	1260:1284	the extraction efficiency in detail	1260:1294	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	4	76	theme	@	957:957	arg1	β-CD					958:961	the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	932:961	the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	932:961	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	11	77	from	matrices	1975:1982	arg1	determination					1915:1927	determination	1915:1927	determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices	1915:1982	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	11	77	from	matrices	1975:1982	arg1	extraction					1900:1909	selective extraction	1890:1909	selective extraction	1890:1909	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	2	78	theme	Magnetic	537:544	arg1	composite					569:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	537:577	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO)	537:589	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	2	78	theme	Magnetic	537:544	arg1	Fe3O4/RGO					580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Fe3O4/RGO	580:588	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO) was first synthesized via in situ chemical precipitation method and then β-CD was applied to further functionalize the resultant Fe3O4/RGO composite.
26949214	3	79	dep	transform	801:809	arg1	infrared					811:818	infrared	811:818	transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)	801:904	The as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).
26949214	0	80	from	tomatoes	155:162	arg1	determination					121:133	the determination	117:133	the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography	117:214	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	9	81	theme	7.34	1695:1698	arg1	%					1699:1699	7.34%	1695:1699	7.34%	1695:1699	The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 6.02% and 7.34%, respectively.
26949214	0	82	theme	reduced	9:15	arg1	oxide					26:30	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide	0:30	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction	0:100	Magnetic reduced graphene oxide functionalized with β-cyclodextrin as magnetic solid-phase extraction adsorbents for the determination of phytohormones in tomatoes coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
26949214	5	83	theme	Response	1123:1130	arg1	methodology					1140:1150	Response surface methodology	1123:1150	Response surface methodology (RSM)	1123:1156	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	83	theme	Response	1123:1130	arg1	technique					1194:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	83	theme	Response	1123:1130	arg1	RSM					1153:1155	RSM	1153:1155	RSM	1153:1155	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	4	84	theme	Fe3O4/RGO	948:956	arg1	β-CD					958:961	the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	932:961	the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	932:961	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	11	85	theme	proposed	1781:1788	arg1	method					1790:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	11	85	theme	proposed	1781:1788	arg1	procedure					1842:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	5	86	theme	design	1187:1192	arg1	methodology					1140:1150	Response surface methodology	1123:1150	Response surface methodology (RSM)	1123:1156	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	5	86	theme	design	1187:1192	arg1	technique					1194:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	a multivariate experimental design technique	1159:1202	Response surface methodology (RSM), a multivariate experimental design technique, was used to optimize experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency in detail.
26949214	4	87	theme	extraction	1010:1019	arg1	efficiency					1021:1030	higher extraction efficiency	1003:1030	higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD	1003:1120	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	11	88	theme	efficient	1804:1812	arg1	method					1790:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	the proposed method	1777:1795	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	11	88	theme	efficient	1804:1812	arg1	procedure					1842:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure	1801:1850	Taken together, the proposed method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for selective extraction and determination of naphthalene-derived phytormones in complex matrices.
26949214	4	89	theme	as-prepared	936:946	arg1	β-CD					958:961	the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	932:961	the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	932:961	Compared with Fe3O4/RGO, the as-prepared Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD showed better molecular selectivity and higher extraction efficiency for NAA and 2-NOA by dint of the size complementarity brought by the introduction of β-CD.
26949214	7	90	dep	coefficients	1468:1479	arg1	R					1482:1482	R	1482:1482	R(2)	1482:1485	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	7	90	dep	coefficients	1468:1479	arg1	2					1484:1484	2	1484:1484	2	1484:1484	The calibration curves were linear over the concentration ranging from 2 to 600 ngg(-1) with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9995 and 0.9997 for all the analytes.
26949214	1	91	theme	reduced	265:271	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	91	theme	reduced	265:271	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	92	theme	oxide	282:286	arg1	β-CD					309:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD	299:312	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
26949214	1	92	theme	oxide	282:286	arg1	composite					288:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite	217:296	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD)	217:313	A β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized magnetic reduced graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4/RGO@β-CD) has been prepared and its application as a selective adsorbent for the determination of the two naphthalene-derived phytohormones (1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2-naphthoxyacetic acid (2-NOA)) has been investigated.
25712388	7	0	theme	endothelial	1427:1437	arg1	cell-adhesion					1481:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	1	theme	%	1156:1156	arg1	reduction					1158:1166	82.7±9.6% reduction	1148:1166	82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C	1148:1247	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	8	2	theme	POC	1532:1534	arg1	composite					1536:1544	this novel POC composite	1521:1544	this novel POC composite	1521:1544	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	1	3	theme	donor	193:197	arg1	shortage					205:212	donor organ shortage	193:212	donor organ shortage	193:212	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	7	4	dep	clotting	1287:1294	arg1	%					1305:1305	85.9±4.3%	1297:1305	85.9±4.3%	1297:1305	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	4	dep	clotting	1287:1294	arg1	reduction					1322:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction	1311:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature	1311:1395	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	5	theme	82.7±9.6	1148:1155	arg1	%					1156:1156	%	1156:1156	%	1156:1156	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	6	dep	adhesion	1124:1131	arg1	%					1142:1142	67.4±8.2%	1134:1142	67.4±8.2%	1134:1142	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	6	dep	adhesion	1124:1131	arg1	reduction					1158:1166	82.7±9.6% reduction	1148:1166	82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C	1148:1247	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	2	7	theme	components	383:392	arg1	exposure					344:351	exposure	344:351	exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood	344:443	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	4	8	theme	Rat	626:628	arg1	aortas					630:635	Rat aortas	626:635	Rat aortas	626:635	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	8	9	theme	engineering	1666:1676	arg1	applications					1678:1689	tissue engineering applications	1659:1689	tissue engineering applications	1659:1689	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	7	10	theme	cell-and	1439:1446	arg1	cell-adhesion					1481:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	3	11	theme	graft	613:617	arg1	model					619:623	a vascular graft model	602:623	a vascular graft model	602:623	To address this limitation, we designed a polymer-ECM composite and demonstrated its potential to reduce thrombosis and facilitate re-endothelialization in a vascular graft model.
25712388	4	12	theme	ECM	786:788	arg1	components					790:799	ECM components	786:799	ECM components	786:799	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	8	13	theme	novel	1526:1530	arg1	composite					1536:1544	this novel POC composite	1521:1544	this novel POC composite	1521:1544	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	4	14	theme	mechanical	805:814	arg1	properties					816:825	mechanical properties	805:825	mechanical properties	805:825	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	4	15	theme	96.5±1.3	757:764	arg1	%					765:765	%	765:765	%	765:765	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	2	16	theme	matrix	370:375	arg1	components					383:392	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	356:392	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	356:392	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	7	17	theme	processing	1211:1220	arg1	45°C					1244:1247	45°C	1244:1247	45°C	1244:1247	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	17	theme	processing	1211:1220	arg1	37°C					1236:1239	37°C	1236:1239	37°C	1236:1239	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	17	theme	processing	1211:1220	arg1	temperatures					1222:1233	two processing temperatures	1207:1233	two processing temperatures	1207:1233	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	18	theme	smooth	1467:1472	arg1	cell-adhesion					1481:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	19	theme	%	1320:1320	arg1	reduction					1322:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction	1311:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature	1311:1395	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	20	theme	supported	1417:1425	arg1	cell-adhesion					1481:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	2	21	theme	flowing	431:437	arg1	blood					439:443	flowing blood	431:443	flowing blood	431:443	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	7	22	theme	temperatures	1222:1233	arg1	one					1200:1202	one	1200:1202	one	1200:1202	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	22	theme	temperatures	1222:1233	arg1	37°C					1236:1239	37°C	1236:1239	37°C	1236:1239	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	22	theme	temperatures	1222:1233	arg1	temperatures					1222:1233	two processing temperatures	1207:1233	two processing temperatures	1207:1233	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	22	theme	temperatures	1222:1233	arg1	45°C					1244:1247	45°C	1244:1247	45°C	1244:1247	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	5	23	dep	biodegradable	851:863	arg1	POC					923:925	POC	923:925	POC	923:925	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	2	24	theme	recellularized	307:320	arg1	vessels					322:328	incompletely recellularized vessels	294:328	incompletely recellularized vessels	294:328	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	7	25	from	37°C	1361:1364	arg1	%					1305:1305	85.9±4.3%	1297:1305	85.9±4.3%	1297:1305	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	25	from	37°C	1361:1364	arg1	reduction					1322:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction	1311:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature	1311:1395	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	26	theme	untreated	1344:1352	arg1	ECM					1354:1356	untreated ECM	1344:1356	untreated ECM	1344:1356	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	0	27	theme	polymer-extracellular	2:22	arg1	composite					31:39	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite	0:39	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite with	0:44	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite with improved thromboresistance and recellularization properties.
25712388	7	28	theme	lesser	1453:1458	arg1	extent					1460:1465	a lesser extent	1451:1465	a lesser extent	1451:1465	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	2	29	theme	extracellular	356:368	arg1	components					383:392	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	356:392	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	356:392	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	5	30	theme	biocompatible	869:881	arg1	poly					893:896	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly	849:896	poly	893:896	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	2	31	theme	clotting	411:418	arg1	factors					420:426	clotting factors	411:426	clotting factors	411:426	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	5	32	theme	elastomer	883:891	arg1	poly					893:896	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly	849:896	poly	893:896	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	2	33	from	platelets	397:405	arg1	blood					439:443	flowing blood	431:443	flowing blood	431:443	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	1	34	theme	decellularized	131:144	arg1	scaffolds					146:154	decellularized scaffolds	131:154	decellularized scaffolds	131:154	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	5	35	dep	POC	923:925	arg1	1wt					928:930	1wt	928:930	1wt	928:930	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	3	36	theme	polymer-ECM	488:498	arg1	composite					500:508	a polymer-ECM composite	486:508	a polymer-ECM composite	486:508	To address this limitation, we designed a polymer-ECM composite and demonstrated its potential to reduce thrombosis and facilitate re-endothelialization in a vascular graft model.
25712388	0	37	theme	matrix	24:29	arg1	composite					31:39	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite	0:39	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite with	0:44	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite with improved thromboresistance and recellularization properties.
25712388	7	38	theme	platelet	1115:1122	arg1	adhesion					1124:1131	platelet adhesion	1115:1131	platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively)	1115:1262	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	1	39	theme	organ	199:203	arg1	shortage					205:212	donor organ shortage	193:212	donor organ shortage	193:212	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	7	40	from	temperature	1385:1395	arg1	%					1305:1305	85.9±4.3%	1297:1305	85.9±4.3%	1297:1305	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	40	from	temperature	1385:1395	arg1	reduction					1322:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction	1311:1330	87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature	1311:1395	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	5	41	theme	1,8	898:900	arg1	citrate					913:919	1,8 octanediol citrate	898:919	1,8 octanediol citrate	898:919	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	5	41	theme	1,8	898:900	arg1	biodegradable					851:863	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly	849:896	biodegradable	851:863	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	7	42	theme	untreated	1180:1188	arg1	ECM					1190:1192	untreated ECM	1180:1192	untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C	1180:1247	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	4	43	theme	%	765:765	arg1	removal					771:777	96.5±1.3% DNA removal	757:777	96.5±1.3% DNA removal	757:777	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	2	44	theme	vessel	269:274	arg1	thrombosis					276:285	small vessel thrombosis	263:285	small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels	263:328	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	4	45	theme	nuclease	721:728	arg1	treatment					730:738	a nuclease treatment	719:738	a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained	719:846	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	5	46	theme	octanediol	902:911	arg1	citrate					913:919	1,8 octanediol citrate	898:919	1,8 octanediol citrate	898:919	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	5	46	theme	octanediol	902:911	arg1	biodegradable					851:863	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly	849:896	biodegradable	851:863	A biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer poly(1,8 octanediol citrate) (POC, 1wt.
25712388	7	47	theme	muscle	1474:1479	arg1	cell-adhesion					1481:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion	1417:1493	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	6	48	dep	conditions	974:983	arg1	37°C					986:989	37°C	986:989	37°C	986:989	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	6	48	dep	conditions	974:983	arg1	conditions					974:983	mild conditions	969:983	mild conditions (37°C and 45°C)	969:999	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	6	48	dep	conditions	974:983	arg1	45°C					995:998	45°C	995:998	45°C	995:998	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	2	49	theme	small	263:267	arg1	thrombosis					276:285	small vessel thrombosis	263:285	small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels	263:328	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	2	50	from	factors	420:426	arg1	blood					439:443	flowing blood	431:443	flowing blood	431:443	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	4	51	theme	detergents	696:705	arg1	combination					676:686	a sequential combination	663:686	a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained	663:846	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	6	52	theme	mild	969:972	arg1	37°C					986:989	37°C	986:989	37°C	986:989	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	6	52	theme	mild	969:972	arg1	conditions					974:983	mild conditions	969:983	mild conditions (37°C and 45°C)	969:999	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	6	52	theme	mild	969:972	arg1	45°C					995:998	45°C	995:998	45°C	995:998	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	7	53	theme	45°C	1369:1372	arg1	temperature					1385:1395	45°C processing temperature	1369:1395	45°C processing temperature	1369:1395	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	4	54	theme	DNA	767:769	arg1	removal					771:777	96.5±1.3% DNA removal	757:777	96.5±1.3% DNA removal	757:777	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	8	55	theme	small	1587:1591	arg1	conduits					1600:1607	small vessel conduits	1587:1607	small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications	1587:1689	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	7	56	theme	polymer-ECM	1071:1081	arg1	composite					1083:1091	The polymer-ECM composite	1067:1091	The polymer-ECM composite	1067:1091	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	57	theme	processing	1374:1383	arg1	temperature					1385:1395	45°C processing temperature	1369:1395	45°C processing temperature	1369:1395	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	2	58	theme	ECM	378:380	arg1	components					383:392	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	356:392	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	356:392	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	8	59	theme	tissue	1659:1664	arg1	applications					1678:1689	tissue engineering applications	1659:1689	tissue engineering applications	1659:1689	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	1	60	theme	potential	161:169	arg1	engineering					113:123	Organ engineering	107:123	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds	107:154	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	1	60	theme	potential	161:169	arg1	solution					181:188	a potential long-term solution	159:188	a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage	159:212	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	3	61	theme	vascular	604:611	arg1	model					619:623	a vascular graft model	602:623	a vascular graft model	602:623	To address this limitation, we designed a polymer-ECM composite and demonstrated its potential to reduce thrombosis and facilitate re-endothelialization in a vascular graft model.
25712388	6	62	theme	carbodiimide	1043:1054	arg1	chemistry					1056:1064	carbodiimide chemistry	1043:1064	carbodiimide chemistry	1043:1064	%) was infused throughout the ECM at mild conditions (37°C and 45°C) and was functionalized with heparin using carbodiimide chemistry.
25712388	1	63	theme	Organ	107:111	arg1	solution					181:188	a potential long-term solution	159:188	a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage	159:212	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	1	63	theme	Organ	107:111	arg1	engineering					113:123	Organ engineering	107:123	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds	107:154	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	1	64	theme	long-term	171:179	arg1	engineering					113:123	Organ engineering	107:123	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds	107:154	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	1	64	theme	long-term	171:179	arg1	solution					181:188	a potential long-term solution	159:188	a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage	159:212	Organ engineering using decellularized scaffolds is a potential long-term solution to donor organ shortage.
25712388	7	65	theme	blood	1281:1285	arg1	clotting					1287:1294	inhibited whole blood clotting	1265:1294	inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively)	1265:1410	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	2	66	theme	due	287:289	arg1	thrombosis					276:285	small vessel thrombosis	263:285	small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels	263:328	However, this technology is severely limited by small vessel thrombosis due to incompletely recellularized vessels, resulting in exposure of extracellular matrix (ECM) components to platelets and clotting factors in flowing blood.
25712388	4	67	theme	weak	691:694	arg1	detergents					696:705	weak detergents	691:705	weak detergents	691:705	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
25712388	7	68	theme	inhibited	1265:1273	arg1	clotting					1287:1294	inhibited whole blood clotting	1265:1294	inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively)	1265:1410	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	7	69	theme	87.0±11.9	1311:1319	arg1	%					1320:1320	%	1320:1320	%	1320:1320	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	0	70	theme	recellularization	77:93	arg1	properties					95:104	recellularization properties	77:104	recellularization properties	77:104	A polymer-extracellular matrix composite with improved thromboresistance and recellularization properties.
25712388	8	71	theme	conduits	1600:1607	arg1	thrombosis					1573:1582	thrombosis	1573:1582	thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications	1573:1689	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	8	72	theme	vessel	1593:1598	arg1	conduits					1600:1607	small vessel conduits	1587:1607	small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications	1587:1689	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	7	73	theme	whole	1275:1279	arg1	clotting					1287:1294	inhibited whole blood clotting	1265:1294	inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively)	1265:1410	The polymer-ECM composite significantly reduced platelet adhesion (67.4±8.2% and 82.7±9.6% reduction relative to untreated ECM using one of two processing temperatures, 37°C or 45°C, respectively); inhibited whole blood clotting (85.9±4.3% and 87.0±11.9% reduction relative to untreated ECM at 37°C or 45°C processing temperature, respectively); and supported endothelial cell-and to a lesser extent smooth muscle cell-adhesion in vitro.
25712388	8	74	theme	decellularized	1626:1639	arg1	scaffolds					1641:1649	decellularized scaffolds	1626:1649	decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications	1626:1689	Taken together, this novel POC composite may provide a solution for thrombosis of small vessel conduits commonly seen in decellularized scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
25712388	4	75	theme	sequential	665:674	arg1	combination					676:686	a sequential combination	663:686	a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained	663:846	Rat aortas were decellularized using a sequential combination of weak detergents followed by a nuclease treatment that resulted in 96.5±1.3% DNA removal, while ECM components and mechanical properties were well maintained.
29287416	0	0	theme	geographic	86:95	arg1	origins					97:103	two different geographic origins	72:103	two different geographic origins for human health food production	72:136	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	1	1	theme	β-glucan	297:304	arg1	contents					285:292	their contents	279:292	their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound)	279:352	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	6	2	theme	phenolic	657:664	arg1	acids					666:670	19 phenolic acids	654:670	19 phenolic acids	654:670	These included 19 phenolic acids and aldehydes, 9 flavan 3-ols, 9 flavone glycosides, and 27 anthocyanins.
29287416	4	3	theme	barley	527:532	arg1	samples					534:540	the barley samples	523:540	the barley samples	523:540	Total tocol content of the barley samples ranged between 39.9 and 81.6μg/g.
29287416	0	4	theme	different	76:84	arg1	origins					97:103	two different geographic origins	72:103	two different geographic origins for human health food production	72:136	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	5	5	theme	compounds	590:598	arg1	total					578:582	A total	576:582	A total of 64 compounds	576:598	A total of 64 compounds were identified in the barley samples.
29287416	7	6	theme	anthocyanins	881:892	arg1	anthocyanins					881:892	anthocyanins	881:892	anthocyanins	881:892	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	7	6	theme	anthocyanins	881:892	arg1	amounts					870:876	considerable amounts	857:876	considerable amounts of anthocyanins	857:892	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	3	7	theme	β-glucan	460:467	arg1	range					469:473	β-glucan range	460:473	β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g	460:497	The results showed that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g.
29287416	3	8	from	7.42g/100g	488:497	arg1	concentrations					442:455	that concentrations	437:455	that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g	437:497	The results showed that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g.
29287416	3	8	from	7.42g/100g	488:497	arg1	range					469:473	β-glucan range	460:473	β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g	460:497	The results showed that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g.
29287416	1	9	theme	tocols	307:312	arg1	contents					285:292	their contents	279:292	their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound)	279:352	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	7	10	theme	barley	904:909	arg1	genotypes					911:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	8	11	theme	health	1077:1082	arg1	benefits					1084:1091	potential health benefits	1067:1091	potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan)	1067:1128	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	7	12	theme	amounts	870:876	arg1	presence					845:852	the presence	841:852	the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes	841:919	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	4	13	theme	samples	534:540	arg1	content					512:518	Total tocol content	500:518	Total tocol content of the barley samples	500:540	Total tocol content of the barley samples ranged between 39.9 and 81.6μg/g.
29287416	0	14	theme	health	115:120	arg1	production					127:136	human health food production	109:136	human health food production	109:136	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	1	15	theme	phenolic	318:325	arg1	compounds					327:335	phenolic compounds	318:335	phenolic compounds (free and bound)	318:352	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	7	16	theme	barley	812:817	arg1	samples					819:825	the barley samples	808:825	the barley samples	808:825	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	0	17	theme	human	109:113	arg1	production					127:136	human health food production	109:136	human health food production	109:136	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	1	18	theme	compounds	327:335	arg1	contents					285:292	their contents	279:292	their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound)	279:352	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	8	19	theme	good	966:969	arg1	source					971:976	a good source	964:976	a good source of bioactive components	964:1000	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	2	20	theme	hull-less	384:392	arg1	genotypes					407:415	hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes	376:415	hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes	376:415	The samples included hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes.
29287416	1	21	theme	barley	164:169	arg1	genotypes					171:179	27 barley genotypes	161:179	27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain)	161:259	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	21	theme	barley	164:169	arg1	L.					198:199	Hordeum vulgare L.	182:199	Hordeum vulgare L.	182:199	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	8	22	theme	bioactive	981:989	arg1	components					991:1000	bioactive components	981:1000	bioactive components	981:1000	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	6	23	theme	flavone	705:711	arg1	glycosides					713:722	9 flavone glycosides	703:722	9 flavone glycosides	703:722	These included 19 phenolic acids and aldehydes, 9 flavan 3-ols, 9 flavone glycosides, and 27 anthocyanins.
29287416	7	24	theme	wide	767:770	arg1	range					772:776	a wide range	765:776	a wide range of phenolic concentrations	765:803	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	0	25	theme	Phytochemical	0:12	arg1	composition					14:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	4	26	theme	tocol	506:510	arg1	content					512:518	Total tocol content	500:518	Total tocol content of the barley samples	500:540	Total tocol content of the barley samples ranged between 39.9 and 81.6μg/g.
29287416	8	27	theme	potential	1067:1075	arg1	benefits					1084:1091	potential health benefits	1067:1091	potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan)	1067:1128	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	0	28	theme	β-glucan	30:37	arg1	content					39:45	β-glucan content	30:45	β-glucan content	30:45	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	4	29	theme	Total	500:504	arg1	content					512:518	Total tocol content	500:518	Total tocol content of the barley samples	500:540	Total tocol content of the barley samples ranged between 39.9 and 81.6μg/g.
29287416	3	30	from	concentrations	442:455	arg1	7.42g/100g					488:497	7.42g/100g	488:497	7.42g/100g	488:497	The results showed that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g.
29287416	1	31	theme	Hordeum	182:188	arg1	genotypes					171:179	27 barley genotypes	161:179	27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain)	161:259	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	31	theme	Hordeum	182:188	arg1	L.					198:199	Hordeum vulgare L.	182:199	Hordeum vulgare L.	182:199	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	2	32	theme	hulled	376:381	arg1	genotypes					407:415	hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes	376:415	hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes	376:415	The samples included hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes.
29287416	0	33	theme	food	122:125	arg1	production					127:136	human health food production	109:136	human health food production	109:136	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	1	34	theme	vulgare	190:196	arg1	genotypes					171:179	27 barley genotypes	161:179	27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain)	161:259	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	34	theme	vulgare	190:196	arg1	L.					198:199	Hordeum vulgare L.	182:199	Hordeum vulgare L.	182:199	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	7	35	theme	phenolic	781:788	arg1	concentrations					790:803	phenolic concentrations	781:803	phenolic concentrations	781:803	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	8	36	theme	components	991:1000	arg1	source					971:976	a good source	964:976	a good source of bioactive components	964:1000	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	1	37	dep	compounds	327:335	arg1	bound					347:351	bound	347:351	bound	347:351	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	37	dep	compounds	327:335	arg1	free					338:341	free	338:341	free	338:341	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	7	38	attach	presence	845:852	arg1	genotypes					911:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	7	38	attach	presence	845:852	arg2	anthocyanins					881:892	anthocyanins	881:892	anthocyanins	881:892	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	7	38	attach	presence	845:852	arg2	amounts					870:876	considerable amounts	857:876	considerable amounts of anthocyanins	857:892	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	0	39	theme	genotypes	57:65	arg1	composition					14:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	0	39	theme	genotypes	57:65	arg1	content					39:45	β-glucan content	30:45	β-glucan content	30:45	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	6	40	theme	flavan	689:694	arg1	3-ols					696:700	9 flavan 3-ols	687:700	9 flavan 3-ols	687:700	These included 19 phenolic acids and aldehydes, 9 flavan 3-ols, 9 flavone glycosides, and 27 anthocyanins.
29287416	0	41	theme	barley	50:55	arg1	genotypes					57:65	barley genotypes	50:65	barley genotypes	50:65	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	2	42	theme	coloured	398:405	arg1	genotypes					407:415	hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes	376:415	hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes	376:415	The samples included hulled, hull-less and coloured genotypes.
29287416	7	43	from	presence	845:852	arg1	genotypes					911:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	5	44	theme	barley	623:628	arg1	samples					630:636	the barley samples	619:636	the barley samples	619:636	A total of 64 compounds were identified in the barley samples.
29287416	3	45	dep	7.42g/100g	488:497	arg1	to					485:486	to	485:486	to	485:486	The results showed that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g.
29287416	8	46	theme	broad	1029:1033	arg1	spectrum					1035:1042	the broad spectrum	1025:1042	the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan)	1025:1128	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	1	47	dep	origins	226:232	arg1	Spain					254:258	Spain	254:258	Spain	254:258	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	47	dep	origins	226:232	arg1	origins					226:232	two geographic origins	211:232	two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain)	211:259	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	47	dep	origins	226:232	arg1	Republic					241:248	Republic	241:248	Republic	241:248	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	7	48	theme	concentrations	790:803	arg1	range					772:776	a wide range	765:776	a wide range of phenolic concentrations	765:803	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	8	49	theme	phytochemicals	1047:1060	arg1	spectrum					1035:1042	the broad spectrum	1025:1042	the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan)	1025:1128	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	0	50	from	origins	97:103	arg1	composition					14:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	0	50	from	origins	97:103	arg1	content					39:45	β-glucan content	30:45	β-glucan content	30:45	Phytochemical composition and β-glucan content of barley genotypes from two different geographic origins for human health food production.
29287416	3	51	theme	range	469:473	arg1	concentrations					442:455	that concentrations	437:455	that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g	437:497	The results showed that concentrations of β-glucan range from 2.40 to 7.42g/100g.
29287416	7	52	theme	considerable	857:868	arg1	anthocyanins					881:892	anthocyanins	881:892	anthocyanins	881:892	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	7	52	theme	considerable	857:868	arg1	amounts					870:876	considerable amounts	857:876	considerable amounts of anthocyanins	857:892	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	7	53	theme	purple	897:902	arg1	genotypes					911:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	purple barley genotypes	897:919	The results showed a wide range of phenolic concentrations in the barley samples, highlighting the presence of considerable amounts of anthocyanins in purple barley genotypes.
29287416	1	54	theme	present	146:152	arg1	study					154:158	the present study	142:158	the present study	142:158	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	8	55	with	spectrum	1035:1042	arg1	benefits					1084:1091	potential health benefits	1067:1091	potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan)	1067:1128	In synthesis, barley should be considered a good source of bioactive components, especially because of the broad spectrum of phytochemicals with potential health benefits besides the soluble fibre (β-glucan).
29287416	1	56	theme	geographic	215:224	arg1	Spain					254:258	Spain	254:258	Spain	254:258	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	56	theme	geographic	215:224	arg1	origins					226:232	two geographic origins	211:232	two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain)	211:259	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
29287416	1	56	theme	geographic	215:224	arg1	Republic					241:248	Republic	241:248	Republic	241:248	In the present study, 27 barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in two geographic origins (Czech Republic and Spain) were analysed for their contents of β-glucan, tocols and phenolic compounds (free and bound).
25609376	6	0	theme	particle	931:938	arg1	size					940:943	particle size	931:943	particle size in a range of 130-190 nm	931:968	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	4	1	theme	formulation	580:590	arg1	compositions					592:603	formulation compositions	580:603	formulation compositions	580:603	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	2	2	theme	low	348:350	arg1	compliance					362:371	low patients' compliance	348:371	low patients' compliance	348:371	Due to its low occular bioavailability, it requires frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life.
25609376	2	3	theme	low	275:277	arg1	bioavailability					287:301	its low occular bioavailability	271:301	its low occular bioavailability	271:301	Due to its low occular bioavailability, it requires frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life.
25609376	9	4	theme	irritation	1392:1401	arg1	tests					1403:1407	The eye irritation tests	1384:1407	The eye irritation tests	1384:1407	The eye irritation tests showed that DC-TMCNs were safe for ophthalmic use.
25609376	4	5	theme	physicochemical	674:688	arg1	properties					690:699	their physicochemical properties	668:699	their physicochemical properties	668:699	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	7	6	theme	DC-TMCNs	1143:1150	arg1	formulation					1152:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	5	7	theme	DC-TMCNs	884:891	arg1	production					893:902	DC-TMCNs production	884:902	DC-TMCNs production	884:902	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	8	8	theme	release	1327:1333	arg1	pattern					1335:1341	a drug release pattern	1320:1341	a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model	1320:1381	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	3	9	theme	ophthalmic	506:515	arg1	use					517:519	ophthalmic use	506:519	ophthalmic use	506:519	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	5	10	theme	quaternization	840:853	arg1	degree					830:835	a 49.8% degree	822:835	a 49.8% degree of quaternization	822:853	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	9	11	theme	ophthalmic	1444:1453	arg1	use					1455:1457	ophthalmic use	1444:1457	ophthalmic use	1444:1457	The eye irritation tests showed that DC-TMCNs were safe for ophthalmic use.
25609376	4	12	theme	potential	731:739	arg1	irritation					720:729	eye irritation potential	716:739	eye irritation potential	716:739	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	10	13	theme	DC	1594:1595	arg1	bioavailability					1575:1589	ophthalmic bioavailability	1564:1589	ophthalmic bioavailability of DC	1564:1595	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	1	14	from	available	210:218	arg1	market					227:232	the market	223:232	the market	223:232	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	1	15	theme	diclofenac	140:149	arg1	available					210:218	available	210:218	available	210:218	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	1	15	theme	diclofenac	140:149	arg1	preparation					125:135	The ophthalmic preparation	110:135	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation	110:195	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	4	16	theme	drug	702:705	arg1	release					707:713	drug release	702:713	drug release	702:713	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	11	17	theme	ophthalmic	1717:1726	arg1	treatment					1741:1749	ophthalmic inflammation treatment	1717:1749	ophthalmic inflammation treatment	1717:1749	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	6	18	theme	mV	1009:1010	arg1	efficiencies					1032:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies	1016:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70%	1016:1060	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	6	18	theme	mV	1009:1010	arg1	values					990:995	zeta potential values	975:995	zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV	975:1010	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	8	19	theme	buffer	1287:1292	arg1	pH					1303:1304	phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1277:1308	phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1277:1308	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	4	20	theme	eye	716:718	arg1	irritation					720:729	eye irritation potential	716:739	eye irritation potential	716:739	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	0	21	theme	Ophthalmic	94:103	arg1	Use					105:107	Ophthalmic Use	94:107	Ophthalmic Use	94:107	Development and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Use.
25609376	11	22	contain	had	1644:1646	arg2	potential					1648:1656	potential	1648:1656	potential for use	1648:1664	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	11	22	contain	had	1644:1646	arg2	alternative					1672:1682	an alternative	1669:1682	an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment	1669:1749	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	11	22	contain	had	1644:1646	arg1	DC-TMCNs					1635:1642	DC-TMCNs	1635:1642	DC-TMCNs	1635:1642	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	6	23	theme	potential	980:988	arg1	values					990:995	zeta potential values	975:995	zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV	975:1010	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	8	24	theme	drug	1322:1325	arg1	pattern					1335:1341	a drug release pattern	1320:1341	a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model	1320:1381	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	2	25	theme	life	388:391	arg1	quality					377:383	quality	377:383	quality of life	377:391	Due to its low occular bioavailability, it requires frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life.
25609376	2	25	theme	life	388:391	arg1	compliance					362:371	low patients' compliance	348:371	low patients' compliance	348:371	Due to its low occular bioavailability, it requires frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life.
25609376	6	26	dep	mV	1009:1010	arg1	to					1003:1004	to	1003:1004	to	1003:1004	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	5	27	theme	49.8	824:827	arg1	%					828:828	%	828:828	%	828:828	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	10	28	theme	in	1464:1465	arg1	study					1499:1503	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study	1460:1503	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits	1460:1524	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	4	29	theme	diclofenac	771:780	arg1	sodium					782:787	diclofenac sodium	771:787	diclofenac sodium	771:787	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	3	30	theme	loaded-N-trimethyl	449:466	arg1	chitosan					468:475	DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan	446:475	DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs)	446:500	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	0	31	theme	Diclofenac	30:39	arg1	Chitosan					67:74	Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan	30:74	Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan	30:74	Development and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Use.
25609376	6	32	theme	drug	1016:1019	arg1	efficiencies					1032:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies	1016:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70%	1016:1060	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	10	33	theme	absorption	1488:1497	arg1	study					1499:1503	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study	1460:1503	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits	1460:1524	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	0	34	theme	Loaded-N-Trimethyl	48:65	arg1	Chitosan					67:74	Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan	30:74	Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan	30:74	Development and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Use.
25609376	10	35	theme	ophthalmic	1472:1481	arg1	absorption					1488:1497	ophthalmic drug absorption	1472:1497	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits	1460:1524	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	11	36	theme	eye	1703:1705	arg1	drops					1707:1711	conventional DC eye drops	1687:1711	conventional DC eye drops	1687:1711	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	3	37	theme	nanoparticles	477:489	arg1	formulations					430:441	formulations	430:441	formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use	430:519	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	3	38	theme	ocular	532:537	arg1	biavailabiltiy					539:552	ocular biavailabiltiy	532:552	ocular biavailabiltiy of DC	532:558	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	7	39	theme	TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1	1212:1229	arg1	ratio					1203:1207	a weight ratio	1194:1207	a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1	1194:1229	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	11	40	theme	conventional	1687:1698	arg1	drops					1707:1711	conventional DC eye drops	1687:1711	conventional DC eye drops	1687:1711	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	4	41	theme	ionic	625:629	arg1	technique					640:648	ionic gelation technique	625:648	ionic gelation technique	625:648	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	6	42	from	size	940:943	arg1	range					950:954	a range	948:954	a range of 130-190 nm	948:968	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	1	43	theme	drop	249:252	arg1	solution					254:261	an eye drop solution	242:261	an eye drop solution	242:261	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	11	44	theme	study	1614:1618	arg1	Results					1598:1604	Results	1598:1604	Results of this study	1598:1618	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	2	45	theme	occular	279:285	arg1	bioavailability					287:301	its low occular bioavailability	271:301	its low occular bioavailability	271:301	Due to its low occular bioavailability, it requires frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life.
25609376	9	46	theme	eye	1388:1390	arg1	tests					1403:1407	The eye irritation tests	1384:1407	The eye irritation tests	1384:1407	The eye irritation tests showed that DC-TMCNs were safe for ophthalmic use.
25609376	6	47	theme	obtained	909:916	arg1	DC-TMCNs					918:925	The obtained DC-TMCNs	905:925	The obtained DC-TMCNs	905:925	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	1	48	theme	ocular	177:182	arg1	inflammation					184:195	ocular inflammation	177:195	ocular inflammation	177:195	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	6	49	contain	had	927:929	arg2	size					940:943	particle size	931:943	particle size in a range of 130-190 nm	931:968	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	6	49	contain	had	927:929	arg1	DC-TMCNs					918:925	The obtained DC-TMCNs	905:925	The obtained DC-TMCNs	905:925	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	6	50	theme	zeta	975:978	arg1	values					990:995	zeta potential values	975:995	zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV	975:1010	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	10	51	theme	ophthalmic	1564:1573	arg1	bioavailability					1575:1589	ophthalmic bioavailability	1564:1589	ophthalmic bioavailability of DC	1564:1595	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	5	52	used	used	875:878	arg2	chitosan					802:809	N-Trimethyl chitosan	790:809	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization	790:853	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	5	52	used	used	875:878	arg2	TMC					812:814	TMC	812:814	TMC	812:814	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	6	53	theme	nm	967:968	arg1	range					950:954	a range	948:954	a range of 130-190 nm	948:968	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	6	54	theme	tripolyphosphate	1105:1120	arg1	content					1079:1085	the content	1075:1085	the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)	1075:1126	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	1	55	from	market	227:232	arg1	available					210:218	available	210:218	available	210:218	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	1	55	from	market	227:232	arg1	preparation					125:135	The ophthalmic preparation	110:135	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation	110:195	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	8	56	theme	lyophilized	1238:1248	arg1	product					1250:1256	Their lyophilized product	1232:1256	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1232:1308	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	3	57	theme	DC	557:558	arg1	biavailabiltiy					539:552	ocular biavailabiltiy	532:552	ocular biavailabiltiy of DC	532:558	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	5	58	with	chitosan	802:809	arg1	degree					830:835	a 49.8% degree	822:835	a 49.8% degree of quaternization	822:853	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	11	59	theme	inflammation	1728:1739	arg1	treatment					1741:1749	ophthalmic inflammation treatment	1717:1749	ophthalmic inflammation treatment	1717:1749	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	8	60	theme	phosphate	1277:1285	arg1	pH					1303:1304	phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1277:1308	phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1277:1308	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	5	61	theme	N-Trimethyl	790:800	arg1	TMC					812:814	TMC	812:814	TMC	812:814	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	5	61	theme	N-Trimethyl	790:800	arg1	chitosan					802:809	N-Trimethyl chitosan	790:809	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization	790:853	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	8	62	theme	solution	1294:1301	arg1	pH					1303:1304	phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1277:1308	phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1277:1308	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	4	63	theme	sodium	782:787	arg1	properties					690:699	their physicochemical properties	668:699	their physicochemical properties	668:699	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	4	63	theme	sodium	782:787	arg1	absorption					757:766	ophthalmic absorption	746:766	ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium	746:787	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	4	63	theme	sodium	782:787	arg1	irritation					720:729	eye irritation potential	716:739	eye irritation potential	716:739	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	4	63	theme	sodium	782:787	arg1	release					707:713	drug release	702:713	drug release	702:713	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	10	64	dep	in	1464:1465	arg1	vivo					1467:1470	vivo	1467:1470	vivo	1467:1470	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	6	65	theme	%	1060:1060	arg1	efficiencies					1032:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies	1016:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70%	1016:1060	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	6	65	theme	%	1060:1060	arg1	values					990:995	zeta potential values	975:995	zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV	975:1010	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	8	66	contain	possessed	1310:1318	arg2	pattern					1335:1341	a drug release pattern	1320:1341	a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model	1320:1381	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	8	66	contain	possessed	1310:1318	arg1	product					1250:1256	Their lyophilized product	1232:1256	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5	1232:1308	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	1	67	dep	diclofenac	140:149	arg1	sodium					151:156	sodium	151:156	diclofenac sodium (DC)	140:161	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	1	67	dep	diclofenac	140:149	arg1	DC					159:160	DC	159:160	DC	159:160	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	7	68	theme	optimized	1133:1141	arg1	formulation					1152:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	4	69	theme	ophthalmic	746:755	arg1	absorption					757:766	ophthalmic absorption	746:766	ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium	746:787	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	5	70	theme	%	828:828	arg1	degree					830:835	a 49.8% degree	822:835	a 49.8% degree of quaternization	822:853	N-Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) with a 49.8% degree of quaternization was synthesized and used for DC-TMCNs production.
25609376	1	71	theme	ophthalmic	114:123	arg1	available					210:218	available	210:218	available	210:218	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	1	71	theme	ophthalmic	114:123	arg1	preparation					125:135	The ophthalmic preparation	110:135	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation	110:195	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
25609376	3	72	theme	chitosan	468:475	arg1	DC-TMCNs					492:499	DC-TMCNs	492:499	DC-TMCNs	492:499	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	3	72	theme	chitosan	468:475	arg1	nanoparticles					477:489	DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles	446:489	DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs)	446:500	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	0	73	theme	Sodium	41:46	arg1	Chitosan					67:74	Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan	30:74	Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan	30:74	Development and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Use.
25609376	6	74	theme	entrapment	1021:1030	arg1	efficiencies					1032:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies	1016:1043	drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70%	1016:1060	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	7	75	contain	contained	1164:1172	arg2	TPP					1187:1189	TPP	1187:1189	TPP	1187:1189	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	7	75	contain	contained	1164:1172	arg1	ratio					1203:1207	a weight ratio	1194:1207	a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1	1194:1229	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	7	75	contain	contained	1164:1172	arg2	formulation					1152:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	7	75	contain	contained	1164:1172	arg2	TMC					1174:1176	TMC	1174:1176	TMC	1174:1176	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	7	75	contain	contained	1164:1172	arg1	formulation					1152:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation	1129:1162	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	7	75	contain	contained	1164:1172	arg2	DC					1179:1180	DC	1179:1180	DC	1179:1180	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	3	76	theme	DC	446:447	arg1	chitosan					468:475	DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan	446:475	DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs)	446:500	This study was conducted to develop formulations of DC loaded-N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (DC-TMCNs) for ophthalmic use to improve ocular biavailabiltiy of DC.
25609376	0	77	theme	Chitosan	67:74	arg1	Evaluation					16:25	Evaluation	16:25	Evaluation	16:25	Development and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Use.
25609376	0	77	theme	Chitosan	67:74	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium Loaded-N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Use.
25609376	6	78	theme	sodium	1098:1103	arg1	TPP					1123:1125	TPP	1123:1125	TPP	1123:1125	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	6	78	theme	sodium	1098:1103	arg1	tripolyphosphate					1105:1120	sodium tripolyphosphate	1098:1120	sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)	1098:1126	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	10	79	theme	drug	1483:1486	arg1	absorption					1488:1497	ophthalmic drug absorption	1472:1497	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits	1460:1524	The in vivo ophthalmic drug absorption study performed on rabbits indicated that DC-TMCNs could improve ophthalmic bioavailability of DC.
25609376	11	80	theme	DC	1700:1701	arg1	drops					1707:1711	conventional DC eye drops	1687:1711	conventional DC eye drops	1687:1711	Results of this study suggested that DC-TMCNs had potential for use as an alternative to conventional DC eye drops for ophthalmic inflammation treatment.
25609376	8	81	theme	zero-order	1366:1375	arg1	model					1377:1381	the zero-order model	1362:1381	the zero-order model	1362:1381	Their lyophilized product reconstituted with phosphate buffer solution pH 5.5 possessed a drug release pattern that fitted within the zero-order model.
25609376	6	82	theme	TMC	1090:1092	arg1	content					1079:1085	the content	1075:1085	the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)	1075:1126	The obtained DC-TMCNs had particle size in a range of 130-190 nm with zeta potential values of +4 to +9 mV and drug entrapment efficiencies of more than 70% depending on the content of TMC and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP).
25609376	2	83	theme	frequent	316:323	arg1	application					325:335	frequent application	316:335	frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life	316:391	Due to its low occular bioavailability, it requires frequent application leading to low patients' compliance and quality of life.
25609376	7	84	theme	weight	1196:1201	arg1	ratio					1203:1207	a weight ratio	1194:1207	a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1	1194:1229	The optimized DC-TMCNs formulation contained TMC, DC, and TPP at a weight ratio of TMC/DC/TPP = 3:1:1.
25609376	4	85	theme	gelation	631:638	arg1	technique					640:648	ionic gelation technique	625:648	ionic gelation technique	625:648	DC-TMCNs varied in formulation compositions were prepared using ionic gelation technique and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug release, eye irritation potential, and ophthalmic absorption of diclofenac sodium.
25609376	1	86	theme	eye	245:247	arg1	solution					254:261	an eye drop solution	242:261	an eye drop solution	242:261	The ophthalmic preparation of diclofenac sodium (DC) for relieving ocular inflammation is presently available in the market only as an eye drop solution.
26684889	8	0	theme	differentiation	1166:1180	arg1	induction					1142:1150	The induction	1138:1150	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture	1138:1203	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	1	1	with	association	216:226	arg1	CH					243:244	CH	243:244	CH	243:244	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	1	1	with	association	216:226	arg1	chitosan					233:240	chitosan	233:240	chitosan (CH)	233:245	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	4	2	from	increase	631:638	arg1	proliferation					648:660	cell proliferation	643:660	cell proliferation	643:660	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	0	3	theme	glass	68:72	arg1	biocompatibility					38:53	in vitro biocompatibility	29:53	in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan	29:101	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	8	4	from	induction	1142:1150	arg1	culture					1197:1203	the 3D cell culture	1185:1203	the 3D cell culture	1185:1203	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	5	5	theme	culture	765:771	arg1	days					757:760	six days	753:760	six days of culture	753:771	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	2	6	from	immersion	397:405	arg1	fluid					429:433	the simulated body fluid	410:433	the simulated body fluid	410:433	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	3	7	theme	cell	489:492	arg1	proliferation					494:506	cell proliferation	489:506	cell proliferation	489:506	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	5	8	theme	osteoblastic	839:850	arg1	differentiation					852:866	the early osteoblastic differentiation	829:866	the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1)	829:887	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	8	9	from	differences	1219:1229	arg1	contact					1256:1262	contact	1256:1262	contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media	1256:1302	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	0	10	from	biocompatibility	38:53	arg1	association					77:87	association	77:87	association with chitosan	77:101	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	5	11	theme	markers	818:824	arg1	expression					804:813	gene expression	799:813	gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1)	799:887	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	4	12	theme	pure	683:686	arg1	46S6					688:691	pure 46S6	683:691	pure 46S6 (113%)	683:698	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	4	12	theme	pure	683:686	arg1	%					697:697	113%	694:697	113%	694:697	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	7	13	theme	3D	1115:1116	arg1	model					1131:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	We showed different cellular responses depending on the 2D and 3D cell culture model.
26684889	3	14	with	contact	541:547	arg1	media					579:583	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	554:583	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	554:583	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	7	15	theme	cell	1118:1121	arg1	model					1131:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	We showed different cellular responses depending on the 2D and 3D cell culture model.
26684889	6	16	theme	small	928:932	arg1	clusters					942:949	small apatite clusters	928:949	small apatite clusters	928:949	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	1	17	theme	biomaterial	168:178	arg1	biocompatibility					136:151	the in vitro biocompatibility	123:151	the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH)	123:245	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	5	18	theme	osteoblast	727:736	arg1	culture					738:744	3D osteoblast culture	724:744	3D osteoblast culture	724:744	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	8	19	theme	osteoblast	1155:1164	arg1	differentiation					1166:1180	osteoblast differentiation	1155:1180	osteoblast differentiation	1155:1180	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	4	20	theme	pure	704:707	arg1	CH					709:710	pure CH	704:710	pure CH (122%)	704:717	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	4	20	theme	pure	704:707	arg1	%					716:716	122%	713:716	122%	713:716	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	8	21	theme	cell	1192:1195	arg1	culture					1197:1203	the 3D cell culture	1185:1203	the 3D cell culture	1185:1203	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	1	22	theme	composite	158:166	arg1	biomaterial					168:178	a composite biomaterial	156:178	a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH)	156:245	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	0	23	theme	cell	3:6	arg1	culture					8:14	3D cell culture	0:14	3D cell culture	0:14	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	7	24	theme	different	1062:1070	arg1	responses					1081:1089	different cellular responses	1062:1089	different cellular responses	1062:1089	We showed different cellular responses depending on the 2D and 3D cell culture model.
26684889	5	25	theme	differentiation	852:866	arg1	markers					818:824	markers	818:824	markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1)	818:887	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	6	26	theme	spheroids	994:1002	arg1	surface					979:985	the surface	975:985	the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	975:1049	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	2	27	theme	hydroxyapatite	336:349	arg1	crystals					351:358	small hydroxyapatite crystals	330:358	small hydroxyapatite crystals	330:358	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	0	28	theme	3D	0:1	arg1	culture					8:14	3D cell culture	0:14	3D cell culture	0:14	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	8	29	with	contact	1256:1262	arg1	media					1298:1302	46S6-CH-immersed media	1281:1302	46S6-CH-immersed media	1281:1302	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	8	29	with	contact	1256:1262	arg1	46S6					1269:1272	46S6	1269:1272	46S6	1269:1272	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	8	29	with	contact	1256:1262	arg1	CH					1275:1276	CH	1275:1276	CH	1275:1276	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	2	30	dep	46S6	292:295	arg1	The					288:290	The	288:290	The	288:290	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	2	31	theme	small	330:334	arg1	crystals					351:358	small hydroxyapatite crystals	330:358	small hydroxyapatite crystals	330:358	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	2	32	theme	days	392:395	arg1	immersion					397:405	only three days immersion	381:405	only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid	381:433	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	1	33	theme	3D	256:257	arg1	culture					270:276	3D osteoblast culture	256:276	3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2	256:285	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	0	34	with	association	77:87	arg1	chitosan					94:101	chitosan	94:101	chitosan	94:101	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	1	35	dep	in	127:128	arg1	vitro					130:134	vitro	130:134	vitro	130:134	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	8	36	theme	proliferation	1239:1251	arg1	differences					1219:1229	the differences	1215:1229	the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media	1215:1302	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	5	37	dep	differentiation	852:866	arg1	COL1A1					881:886	COL1A1	881:886	COL1A1	881:886	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	5	37	dep	differentiation	852:866	arg1	ALP					876:878	ALP	876:878	ALP	876:878	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	5	37	dep	differentiation	852:866	arg1	RUNX2					869:873	RUNX2	869:873	RUNX2	869:873	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	9	38	theme	biological	1395:1404	arg1	evaluation					1406:1415	in vitro biological evaluation	1386:1415	in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties	1386:1447	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	1	39	theme	osteoblast	259:268	arg1	culture					270:276	3D osteoblast culture	256:276	3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2	256:285	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	9	40	dep	in	1386:1387	arg1	vitro					1389:1393	vitro	1389:1393	vitro	1389:1393	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	8	41	theme	46S6-CH-immersed	1281:1296	arg1	media					1298:1302	46S6-CH-immersed media	1281:1302	46S6-CH-immersed media	1281:1302	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	6	42	theme	apatite	934:940	arg1	clusters					942:949	small apatite clusters	928:949	small apatite clusters	928:949	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	4	43	theme	significant	619:629	arg1	increase					631:638	a significant increase	617:638	a significant increase in cell proliferation	617:660	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	0	44	theme	in	29:30	arg1	biocompatibility					38:53	in vitro biocompatibility	29:53	in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan	29:101	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	3	45	theme	osteoblast	443:452	arg1	culture					454:460	2D osteoblast culture	440:460	2D osteoblast culture	440:460	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	9	46	theme	3D	1335:1336	arg1	tool					1377:1380	a very promising tool	1360:1380	a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties	1360:1447	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	9	46	theme	3D	1335:1336	arg1	model					1351:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	6	47	located	observed	956:963	arg1	surface					979:985	the surface	975:985	the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	975:1049	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	6	47	located	observed	956:963	arg2	structures					900:909	Geometric structures	890:909	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters	890:949	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	3	48	theme	contact	541:547	arg1	days					533:536	three days	527:536	three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	527:583	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	1	49	theme	bioactive	197:205	arg1	glass					207:211	46S6 bioactive glass	192:211	46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH)	192:245	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	2	50	theme	body	424:427	arg1	fluid					429:433	the simulated body fluid	410:433	the simulated body fluid	410:433	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	8	51	theme	cell	1234:1237	arg1	proliferation					1239:1251	cell proliferation	1234:1251	cell proliferation	1234:1251	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	5	52	theme	3D	724:725	arg1	culture					738:744	3D osteoblast culture	724:744	3D osteoblast culture	724:744	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	2	53	theme	simulated	414:422	arg1	fluid					429:433	the simulated body fluid	410:433	the simulated body fluid	410:433	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	1	54	theme	SaOS2	281:285	arg1	culture					270:276	3D osteoblast culture	256:276	3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2	256:285	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	8	55	theme	3D	1189:1190	arg1	culture					1197:1203	the 3D cell culture	1185:1203	the 3D cell culture	1185:1203	The induction of osteoblast differentiation in the 3D cell culture explained the differences of cell proliferation in contact with 46S6, CH or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	9	56	dep	bone	1420:1423	arg1	substitutes					1425:1435	substitutes	1425:1435	substitutes	1425:1435	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	0	57	dep	in	29:30	arg1	vitro					32:36	vitro	32:36	vitro	32:36	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	1	58	from	glass	207:211	arg1	association					216:226	association	216:226	association with chitosan (CH)	216:245	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	3	59	theme	2D	440:441	arg1	culture					454:460	2D osteoblast culture	440:460	2D osteoblast culture	440:460	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	9	60	theme	culture	1343:1349	arg1	tool					1377:1380	a very promising tool	1360:1380	a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties	1360:1447	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	9	60	theme	culture	1343:1349	arg1	model					1351:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	6	61	theme	46S6	1020:1023	arg1	media					1045:1049	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	1020:1049	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	1020:1049	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	7	62	theme	cellular	1072:1079	arg1	responses					1081:1089	different cellular responses	1062:1089	different cellular responses	1062:1089	We showed different cellular responses depending on the 2D and 3D cell culture model.
26684889	9	63	theme	promising	1367:1375	arg1	tool					1377:1380	a very promising tool	1360:1380	a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties	1360:1447	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	9	63	theme	promising	1367:1375	arg1	model					1351:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	2	64	theme	CH	301:302	arg1	composite					304:312	CH composite	301:312	CH composite	301:312	The 46S6 and CH composite (46S6-CH) forms small hydroxyapatite crystals on its surface after only three days immersion in the simulated body fluid.
26684889	5	65	theme	early	833:837	arg1	differentiation					852:866	the early osteoblastic differentiation	829:866	the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1)	829:887	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	3	66	theme	46S6-CH-immersed	562:577	arg1	media					579:583	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	554:583	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	554:583	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	9	67	theme	cell	1338:1341	arg1	tool					1377:1380	a very promising tool	1360:1380	a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties	1360:1447	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	9	67	theme	cell	1338:1341	arg1	model					1351:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	the 3D cell culture model	1331:1355	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	5	68	theme	gene	799:802	arg1	expression					804:813	gene expression	799:813	gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1)	799:887	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	9	69	theme	in	1386:1387	arg1	evaluation					1406:1415	in vitro biological evaluation	1386:1415	in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties	1386:1447	This study confirmed that the 3D cell culture model is a very promising tool for in vitro biological evaluation of bone substitutes' properties.
26684889	7	70	theme	culture	1123:1129	arg1	model					1131:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	We showed different cellular responses depending on the 2D and 3D cell culture model.
26684889	4	71	dep	led	610:612	arg1	%					666:666	128%	663:666	128%	663:666	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26684889	7	72	theme	2D	1108:1109	arg1	model					1131:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	the 2D and 3D cell culture model	1104:1135	We showed different cellular responses depending on the 2D and 3D cell culture model.
26684889	5	73	from	increase	787:794	arg1	expression					804:813	gene expression	799:813	gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1)	799:887	For 3D osteoblast culture, after six days of culture, there was an increase in gene expression of markers of the early osteoblastic differentiation (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1).
26684889	0	74	theme	bioactive	58:66	arg1	glass					68:72	bioactive glass	58:72	bioactive glass	58:72	3D cell culture to determine in vitro biocompatibility of bioactive glass in association with chitosan.
26684889	3	75	theme	46S6	554:557	arg1	media					579:583	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	554:583	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	554:583	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	6	76	theme	Geometric	890:898	arg1	structures					900:909	Geometric structures	890:909	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters	890:949	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	1	77	theme	in	127:128	arg1	biocompatibility					136:151	the in vitro biocompatibility	123:151	the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH)	123:245	This study reports the in vitro biocompatibility of a composite biomaterial composed of 46S6 bioactive glass in association with chitosan (CH) by using 3D osteoblast culture of SaOS2.
26684889	6	78	theme	46S6-CH-immersed	1028:1043	arg1	media					1045:1049	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	1020:1049	46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media	1020:1049	Geometric structures corresponding to small apatite clusters were observed by SEM on the surface of the spheroids cultivated with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	3	79	theme	significant	465:475	arg1	increase					477:484	a significant increase	463:484	a significant increase in cell proliferation	463:506	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	3	80	from	increase	477:484	arg1	proliferation					494:506	cell proliferation	489:506	cell proliferation	489:506	For 2D osteoblast culture, a significant increase in cell proliferation was observed after three days of contact with 46S6 or 46S6-CH-immersed media.
26684889	4	81	theme	cell	643:646	arg1	proliferation					648:660	cell proliferation	643:660	cell proliferation	643:660	After six days, 46S6-CH led to a significant increase in cell proliferation (128%) compared with pure 46S6 (113%) and pure CH (122%).
26783354	8	0	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1613:1623	arg1	associated					1693:1702	associated	1693:1702	was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients	1689:1841	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	1	1	theme	enoxaparin	322:331	arg1	doses					313:317	commonly used doses	299:317	commonly used doses of enoxaparin	299:331	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	1	2	theme	Orthopedic	162:171	arg1	Surgery					173:179	Orthopedic Surgery	162:179	Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials	162:259	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	4	3	theme	major	932:936	arg1	bleeding					971:978	bleeding	971:978	bleeding	971:978	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	4	3	theme	major	932:936	arg1	major					932:936	major	932:936	major	932:936	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	4	3	theme	major	932:936	arg1	composite					919:927	a composite	917:927	a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	917:1031	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	3	4	theme	RECORD	812:817	arg1	trials					826:831	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	808:831	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD)	808:851	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	3	4	theme	RECORD	812:817	arg1	RECORD					845:850	enoxaparin RECORD	834:850	enoxaparin RECORD	834:850	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	8	5	theme	lower	1711:1715	arg1	rate					1717:1720	a lower rate	1709:1720	a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding)	1709:1772	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	0	6	from	Comparison	0:9	arg1	Patients					72:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	6	7	theme	RECORD	1442:1447	arg1	group					1449:1453	the RECORD group	1438:1453	the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93)	1438:1470	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	3	8	theme	enoxaparin	834:843	arg1	trials					826:831	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	808:831	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD)	808:851	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	3	8	theme	enoxaparin	834:843	arg1	RECORD					845:850	enoxaparin RECORD	834:850	enoxaparin RECORD	834:850	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	7	9	dep	=	1603:1603	arg1	%					1590:1590	2.0%	1587:1590	2.0%	1587:1590	Clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was also lower in the enoxaparin group compared with the rivaroxaban group (2.0% vs 5.5%, P = 0.012).
26783354	7	9	dep	=	1603:1603	arg1	%					1598:1598	5.5%	1595:1598	5.5%	1595:1598	Clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was also lower in the enoxaparin group compared with the rivaroxaban group (2.0% vs 5.5%, P = 0.012).
26783354	1	10	theme	similar	350:356	arg1	rates					358:362	similar rates	350:362	similar rates of VTE	350:369	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	2	11	theme	knee	574:577	arg1	TKA					593:595	TKA	593:595	TKA	593:595	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	2	11	theme	knee	574:577	arg1	arthroplasty					579:590	total knee arthroplasty	568:590	total knee arthroplasty (TKA)	568:596	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	3	12	dep	4	824:824	arg1	to					821:822	to	821:822	to	821:822	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	1	13	dep	BACKGROUND	118:127	arg1	demonstrated					337:348	demonstrated	337:348	demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding	337:382	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	1	13	dep	BACKGROUND	118:127	arg1	compared					261:268	compared	261:268	compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin	261:331	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	8	14	dep	outcome	1737:1743	arg1	bleeding					1764:1771	bleeding	1764:1771	bleeding	1764:1771	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	1	15	from	Regulation	133:142	arg1	Surgery					173:179	Orthopedic Surgery	162:179	Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials	162:259	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	4	16	theme	RECORD	1012:1017	arg1	trials					1026:1031	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	1008:1031	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	1008:1031	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	5	17	dep	RESULTS	1034:1040	arg1	was					1048:1050	was	1048:1050	was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban	1048:1181	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	5	17	dep	RESULTS	1034:1040	arg1	similar					1270:1276	similar	1270:1276	similar	1270:1276	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	8	18	theme	primary	1729:1735	arg1	outcome					1737:1743	the primary outcome	1725:1743	the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding)	1725:1772	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	1	19	theme	VTE	367:369	arg1	rates					358:362	similar rates	350:362	similar rates of VTE	350:369	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	6	20	dep	%	1422:1422	arg1	0.12					1429:1432	P = 0.12	1425:1432	P = 0.12	1425:1432	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	2	21	theme	thromboembolism	504:518	arg1	prevention					483:492	prevention	483:492	prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA)	483:596	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	5	22	theme	bleeding	1188:1195	arg1	rates					1197:1201	bleeding rates	1188:1201	bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups	1188:1263	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	5	23	theme	enoxaparin	1240:1249	arg1	groups					1258:1263	the enoxaparin RECORD groups	1236:1263	the enoxaparin RECORD groups	1236:1263	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	1	24	theme	Deep	192:195	arg1	Thrombosis					204:213	Deep Venous Thrombosis	192:213	Deep Venous Thrombosis	192:213	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	8	25	theme	VTE	1651:1653	arg1	prophylaxis					1655:1665	VTE prophylaxis	1651:1665	VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA	1651:1687	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	1	26	theme	rivaroxaban	270:280	arg1	mg					285:286	rivaroxaban 10 mg	270:286	rivaroxaban 10 mg daily	270:292	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	4	27	dep	4	1024:1024	arg1	to					1021:1022	to	1021:1022	to	1021:1022	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	1	28	dep	Surgery	173:179	arg1	Prevent					184:190	Prevent	184:190	to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials	181:259	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	7	29	dep	group	1580:1584	arg1	=					1603:1603	=	1603:1603	=	1603:1603	Clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was also lower in the enoxaparin group compared with the rivaroxaban group (2.0% vs 5.5%, P = 0.012).
26783354	1	30	theme	Venous	197:202	arg1	Thrombosis					204:213	Deep Venous Thrombosis	192:213	Deep Venous Thrombosis	192:213	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	0	31	theme	Bleeding	28:35	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	0:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	6	32	theme	=	1427:1427	arg1	0.12					1429:1432	P = 0.12	1425:1432	P = 0.12	1425:1432	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	3	33	from	enoxaparin	794:803	arg1	trials					826:831	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	808:831	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD)	808:851	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	3	33	from	enoxaparin	794:803	arg1	RECORD					845:850	enoxaparin RECORD	834:850	enoxaparin RECORD	834:850	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	6	34	theme	P	1425:1425	arg1	0.12					1429:1432	P = 0.12	1425:1432	P = 0.12	1425:1432	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	8	35	theme	rivaroxaban	1799:1809	arg1	use					1792:1794	the use	1788:1794	the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients	1788:1841	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	8	36	theme	outcome	1737:1743	arg1	rate					1717:1720	a lower rate	1709:1720	a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding)	1709:1772	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	6	37	from	that	1388:1391	arg1	different					1373:1381	different	1373:1381	different	1373:1381	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	6	38	dep	group	1449:1453	arg1	=					1464:1464	=	1464:1464	=	1464:1464	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	2	39	theme	bleeding	407:414	arg1	events					416:421	bleeding events	407:421	bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA)	407:596	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	0	40	theme	Total	40:44	arg1	Hip					46:48	Total Hip	40:48	Total Hip	40:48	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	5	41	dep	rate	1060:1063	arg1	=					1112:1112	=	1112:1112	=	1112:1112	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	2	42	theme	hip	542:544	arg1	arthroplasty					546:557	total hip arthroplasty	536:557	total hip arthroplasty (THA)	536:563	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	2	42	theme	hip	542:544	arg1	THA					560:562	THA	560:562	THA	560:562	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	0	43	from	Patients	72:79	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	0:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	0	43	from	Patients	72:79	arg1	Bleeding					28:35	Bleeding	28:35	Bleeding	28:35	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	6	44	from	group	1338:1342	arg1	bleeding					1311:1318	bleeding	1311:1318	bleeding	1311:1318	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	5	45	theme	enoxaparin	1215:1224	arg1	group					1226:1230	the enoxaparin group	1211:1230	the enoxaparin group	1211:1230	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	1	46	theme	Pulmonary	219:227	arg1	RECORD					239:244	RECORD	239:244	RECORD	239:244	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	1	46	theme	Pulmonary	219:227	arg1	Embolism					229:236	Pulmonary Embolism	219:236	Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD)	219:245	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	6	47	dep	=	1464:1464	arg1	%					1459:1459	0.2%	1456:1459	0.2%	1456:1459	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	2	48	theme	total	536:540	arg1	arthroplasty					546:557	total hip arthroplasty	536:557	total hip arthroplasty (THA)	536:563	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	2	48	theme	total	536:540	arg1	THA					560:562	THA	560:562	THA	560:562	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	8	49	from	use	1792:1794	arg1	cohort					1824:1829	a similar cohort	1814:1829	a similar cohort of patients	1814:1841	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	4	50	theme	bleeding	971:978	arg1	bleeding					971:978	bleeding	971:978	bleeding	971:978	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	4	50	theme	bleeding	971:978	arg1	major					932:936	major	932:936	major	932:936	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	4	50	theme	bleeding	971:978	arg1	composite					919:927	a composite	917:927	a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	917:1031	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	5	51	theme	bleeding	1086:1093	arg1	rate					1060:1063	a lower rate	1052:1063	a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004)	1052:1119	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	2	52	theme	total	568:572	arg1	TKA					593:595	TKA	593:595	TKA	593:595	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	2	52	theme	total	568:572	arg1	arthroplasty					579:590	total knee arthroplasty	568:590	total knee arthroplasty (TKA)	568:596	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	2	53	theme	venous	497:502	arg1	VTE					521:523	VTE	521:523	VTE	521:523	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	2	53	theme	venous	497:502	arg1	thromboembolism					504:518	venous thromboembolism	497:518	venous thromboembolism (VTE)	497:524	OBJECTIVE To evaluate bleeding events between patients who received enoxaparin or rivaroxaban for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
26783354	3	54	dep	METHODS	599:605	arg1	cohort					621:626	Retrospective cohort	607:626	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).	599:852	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	0	55	theme	Hip	46:48	arg1	Patients					72:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	1	56	theme	used	308:311	arg1	doses					313:317	commonly used doses	299:317	commonly used doses of enoxaparin	299:331	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	5	57	theme	lower	1054:1058	arg1	rate					1060:1063	a lower rate	1052:1063	a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004)	1052:1119	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	5	58	dep	=	1112:1112	arg1	%					1099:1099	2.2%	1096:1099	2.2%	1096:1099	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	5	58	dep	=	1112:1112	arg1	%					1107:1107	6.8%	1104:1107	6.8%	1104:1107	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	6	59	theme	enoxaparin	1327:1336	arg1	group					1338:1342	the enoxaparin group	1323:1342	the enoxaparin group (0.2%)	1323:1349	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	6	59	theme	enoxaparin	1327:1336	arg1	%					1348:1348	0.2%	1345:1348	0.2%	1345:1348	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	8	60	theme	similar	1816:1822	arg1	cohort					1824:1829	a similar cohort	1814:1829	a similar cohort of patients	1814:1841	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	7	61	theme	enoxaparin	1533:1542	arg1	group					1544:1548	the enoxaparin group	1529:1548	the enoxaparin group	1529:1548	Clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was also lower in the enoxaparin group compared with the rivaroxaban group (2.0% vs 5.5%, P = 0.012).
26783354	6	62	from	bleeding	1311:1318	arg1	group					1338:1342	the enoxaparin group	1323:1342	the enoxaparin group (0.2%)	1323:1349	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	6	62	from	bleeding	1311:1318	arg1	%					1348:1348	0.2%	1345:1348	0.2%	1345:1348	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	7	63	theme	rivaroxaban	1568:1578	arg1	group					1580:1584	the rivaroxaban group	1564:1584	the rivaroxaban group (2.0% vs 5.5%, P = 0.012)	1564:1610	Clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding was also lower in the enoxaparin group compared with the rivaroxaban group (2.0% vs 5.5%, P = 0.012).
26783354	8	64	theme	patients	1834:1841	arg1	cohort					1824:1829	a similar cohort	1814:1829	a similar cohort of patients	1814:1841	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
26783354	4	65	theme	primary	858:864	arg1	outcome					866:872	The primary outcome	854:872	The primary outcome	854:872	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	4	65	theme	primary	858:864	arg1	bleeding					896:903	bleeding	896:903	bleeding	896:903	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	3	66	theme	Retrospective	607:619	arg1	cohort					621:626	Retrospective cohort	607:626	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).	599:852	METHODS Retrospective cohort that compared patients undergoing THA and TKA who received enoxaparin (enoxaparin) with those who received rivaroxaban (rivaroxaban) and also with those who received enoxaparin in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials (enoxaparin RECORD).
26783354	5	67	theme	RECORD	1251:1256	arg1	groups					1258:1263	the enoxaparin RECORD groups	1236:1263	the enoxaparin RECORD groups	1236:1263	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	5	68	dep	=	1295:1295	arg1	%					1282:1282	2.2%	1279:1282	2.2%	1279:1282	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	5	68	dep	=	1295:1295	arg1	%					1290:1290	2.5%	1287:1290	2.5%	1287:1290	RESULTS There was a lower rate of any postoperative bleeding (2.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.004) in patients who received enoxaparin compared with rivaroxaban, and bleeding rates between the enoxaparin group and the enoxaparin RECORD groups were similar (2.2% vs 2.5%, P = 0.085).
26783354	0	69	theme	Arthroplasty	59:70	arg1	Patients					72:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	1	70	dep	4	252:252	arg1	to					249:250	to	249:250	to	249:250	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	1	71	dep	Thrombosis	204:213	arg1	trials					254:259	1 to 4 trials	247:259	1 to 4 trials	247:259	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	6	72	theme	rivaroxaban	1400:1410	arg1	group					1412:1416	the rivaroxaban group	1396:1416	the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12)	1396:1433	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	6	72	theme	rivaroxaban	1400:1410	arg1	%					1422:1422	1.4%	1419:1422	1.4%	1419:1422	Major bleeding in the enoxaparin group (0.2%) was not significantly different from that in the rivaroxaban group (1.4%, P = 0.12) or the RECORD group (0.2%, P = 0.93).
26783354	1	73	theme	Coagulation	147:157	arg1	Regulation					133:142	The Regulation	129:142	The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials	129:259	BACKGROUND The Regulation of Coagulation in Orthopedic Surgery to Prevent Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (RECORD) 1 to 4 trials compared rivaroxaban 10 mg daily with commonly used doses of enoxaparin and demonstrated similar rates of VTE and bleeding.
26783354	4	74	from	definitions	993:1003	arg1	trials					1026:1031	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	1008:1031	the RECORD 1 to 4 trials	1008:1031	The primary outcome was any postoperative bleeding, defined as a composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding based on the definitions in the RECORD 1 to 4 trials.
26783354	0	75	theme	Knee	54:57	arg1	Patients					72:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	0	76	from	Bleeding	28:35	arg1	Patients					72:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients	40:79	Comparison of Postoperative Bleeding in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Patients Receiving Rivaroxaban or Enoxaparin.
26783354	8	77	theme	enoxaparin	1636:1645	arg1	use					1629:1631	The use	1625:1631	The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA	1625:1687	CONCLUSIONS The use of enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis following THA and TKA was associated with a lower rate of the primary outcome (any postoperative bleeding) compared with the use of rivaroxaban in a similar cohort of patients.
24643072	6	0	dep	Fourier	992:998	arg1	transform					1000:1008	transform	1000:1008	transform infrared spectroscopy	1000:1030	This is believed to be a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
24643072	0	1	theme	electrospray	92:103	arg1	process					105:111	a coaxial electrospray process	82:111	a coaxial electrospray process	82:111	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using a coaxial electrospray process.
24643072	5	2	theme	X-ray	701:705	arg1	diffraction					707:717	X-ray diffraction	701:717	X-ray diffraction	701:717	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	1	3	theme	quercetin	197:205	arg1	microparticles					179:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	136:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying	136:246	This study reports on novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying.
24643072	7	4	dep	In	1033:1034	arg1	vitro					1036:1040	vitro	1036:1040	vitro	1036:1040	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	5	5	theme	scanning	676:683	arg1	calorimetry					685:695	Differential scanning calorimetry	663:695	Differential scanning calorimetry	663:695	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	7	6	theme	sublingual	1207:1216	arg1	mucosa					1218:1223	the sublingual mucosa	1203:1223	the sublingual mucosa	1203:1223	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	4	7	theme	electron	540:547	arg1	microscopies					549:560	transmission electron microscopies	527:560	transmission electron microscopies	527:560	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	7	8	theme	incorporated	1129:1140	arg1	quercetin					1142:1150	the incorporated quercetin	1125:1150	the incorporated quercetin	1125:1150	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	7	9	theme	raw	1253:1255	arg1	quercetin					1257:1265	raw quercetin	1253:1265	raw quercetin	1253:1265	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	6	10	dep	transform	1000:1008	arg1	infrared					1010:1017	infrared	1010:1017	transform infrared spectroscopy	1000:1030	This is believed to be a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
24643072	4	11	theme	transmission	527:538	arg1	microscopies					549:560	transmission electron microscopies	527:560	transmission electron microscopies	527:560	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	5	12	theme	quercetin	737:745	arg1	ingredient					754:763	the quercetin active ingredient	733:763	the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell	733:846	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	13	theme	Differential	663:674	arg1	calorimetry					685:695	Differential scanning calorimetry	663:695	Differential scanning calorimetry	663:695	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	3	14	theme	physical	445:452	arg1	form					454:457	the physical form	441:457	the physical form of their components	441:477	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	3	15	theme	functional	490:499	arg1	performance					501:511	their functional performance	484:511	their functional performance	484:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	0	16	theme	core-shell	16:25	arg1	microparticles					37:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	0:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin	0:63	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using a coaxial electrospray process.
24643072	5	17	theme	amorphous	863:871	arg1	state					873:877	the amorphous state	859:877	the amorphous state	859:877	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	18	theme	active	747:752	arg1	ingredient					754:763	the quercetin active ingredient	733:763	the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell	733:846	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	3	19	theme	resultant	391:399	arg1	particles					401:409	the resultant particles	387:409	the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance	387:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	1	20	theme	coaxial	224:230	arg1	electrospraying					232:246	coaxial electrospraying	224:246	coaxial electrospraying	224:246	This study reports on novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying.
24643072	0	21	theme	Fast-dissolving	0:14	arg1	microparticles					37:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	0:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin	0:63	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using a coaxial electrospray process.
24643072	6	22	theme	interactions	928:939	arg1	This					880:883	This	880:883	This	880:883	This is believed to be a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
24643072	6	22	theme	interactions	928:939	arg1	result					905:910	a result	903:910	a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy	903:1030	This is believed to be a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
24643072	5	23	dep	core	772:775	arg1	excipients					824:833	excipients	824:833	excipients	824:833	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	3	24	theme	morphology	429:438	arg1	terms					414:418	terms	414:418	terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance	414:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	4	25	theme	core-shell	633:642	arg1	structure					644:652	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	4	26	with	morphologies	609:620	arg1	structure					644:652	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	7	27	theme	permeation	1058:1067	arg1	studies					1069:1075	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies	1033:1075	studies	1069:1075	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	0	28	theme	composite	27:35	arg1	microparticles					37:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	0:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin	0:63	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using a coaxial electrospray process.
24643072	7	29	theme	permeation	1179:1188	arg1	rates					1190:1194	permeation rates	1179:1194	permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa	1179:1223	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	7	30	theme	In	1033:1034	arg1	dissolution					1042:1052	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies	1033:1075	dissolution	1042:1052	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	0	31	theme	quercetin	55:63	arg1	microparticles					37:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	0:50	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin	0:63	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using a coaxial electrospray process.
24643072	4	32	theme	visible	654:660	arg1	structure					644:652	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	7	33	contain	had	1175:1177	arg2	rates					1190:1194	permeation rates	1179:1194	permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa	1179:1223	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	7	33	contain	had	1175:1177	arg1	microparticles					1093:1106	the microparticles	1089:1106	the microparticles	1089:1106	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	3	34	theme	performance	501:511	arg1	terms					414:418	terms	414:418	terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance	414:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	3	35	theme	components	468:477	arg1	morphology					429:438	their morphology	423:438	their morphology	423:438	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	3	35	theme	components	468:477	arg1	form					454:457	the physical form	441:457	the physical form of their components	441:477	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	3	35	theme	components	468:477	arg1	performance					501:511	their functional performance	484:511	their functional performance	484:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	3	36	theme	form	454:457	arg1	terms					414:418	terms	414:418	terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance	414:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	4	37	theme	spherical	599:607	arg1	morphologies					609:620	spherical morphologies	599:620	spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible	599:660	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	5	38	from	ingredient	754:763	arg1	sucralose					781:789	sucralose	781:789	sucralose	781:789	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	38	from	ingredient	754:763	arg1	shell					842:846	the shell	838:846	the shell	838:846	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	38	from	ingredient	754:763	arg1	core					772:775	the core	768:775	the core	768:775	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	39	theme	sodium	795:800	arg1	SDS					819:821	SDS	819:821	SDS	819:821	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	39	theme	sodium	795:800	arg1	sulfate					810:816	sodium dodecyl sulfate	795:816	sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)	795:822	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	4	40	theme	clear	627:631	arg1	structure					644:652	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	clear core-shell structure visible	627:660	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	2	41	theme	concentric	262:271	arg1	spinneret					273:281	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret	249:281	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret	249:281	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret was developed to conduct the electrospray process.
24643072	6	42	theme	second-order	915:926	arg1	interactions					928:939	second-order interactions	915:939	second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy	915:1030	This is believed to be a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
24643072	1	43	theme	novel	136:140	arg1	microparticles					179:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	136:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying	136:246	This study reports on novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying.
24643072	6	44	dep	components	953:962	arg1	observed					980:987	observed	980:987	could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy	971:1030	This is believed to be a result of second-order interactions between the components; these could be observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
24643072	3	45	theme	analyses	346:353	arg1	series					336:341	A series	334:341	A series of analyses	334:353	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	2	46	theme	PVC-coated	251:260	arg1	spinneret					273:281	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret	249:281	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret	249:281	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret was developed to conduct the electrospray process.
24643072	1	47	theme	fast-dissolving	142:156	arg1	microparticles					179:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	136:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying	136:246	This study reports on novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying.
24643072	5	48	theme	dodecyl	802:808	arg1	SDS					819:821	SDS	819:821	SDS	819:821	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	5	48	theme	dodecyl	802:808	arg1	sulfate					810:816	sodium dodecyl sulfate	795:816	sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)	795:822	Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction verified that the quercetin active ingredient in the core and sucralose and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) excipients in the shell existed in the amorphous state.
24643072	2	49	theme	electrospray	312:323	arg1	process					325:331	the electrospray process	308:331	the electrospray process	308:331	A PVC-coated concentric spinneret was developed to conduct the electrospray process.
24643072	1	50	theme	core-shell	158:167	arg1	microparticles					179:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	136:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying	136:246	This study reports on novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying.
24643072	0	51	theme	coaxial	84:90	arg1	process					105:111	a coaxial electrospray process	82:111	a coaxial electrospray process	82:111	Fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using a coaxial electrospray process.
24643072	3	52	from	particles	401:409	arg1	terms					414:418	terms	414:418	terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance	414:511	A series of analyses were undertaken to characterize the resultant particles in terms of their morphology, the physical form of their components, and their functional performance.
24643072	1	53	theme	composite	169:177	arg1	microparticles					179:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles	136:192	novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying	136:246	This study reports on novel fast-dissolving core-shell composite microparticles of quercetin fabricated using coaxial electrospraying.
24643072	7	54	theme	faster	1241:1246	arg1	times					1235:1239	10 times	1232:1239	10 times faster than raw quercetin	1232:1265	In vitro dissolution and permeation studies showed that the microparticles rapidly released the incorporated quercetin within one minute, and had permeation rates across the sublingual mucosa around 10 times faster than raw quercetin.
24643072	4	55	contain	had	595:597	arg1	microparticles					580:593	the microparticles	576:593	the microparticles	576:593	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
24643072	4	55	contain	had	595:597	arg2	morphologies					609:620	spherical morphologies	599:620	spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible	599:660	Scanning and transmission electron microscopies revealed that the microparticles had spherical morphologies with clear core-shell structure visible.
28415397	10	0	theme	50/50	1635:1639	arg1	scaffolds					1653:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	11	1	theme	vascular	1759:1766	arg1	engineering					1775:1785	vascular tissue engineering	1759:1785	vascular tissue engineering	1759:1785	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	10	2	theme	urethane	1543:1550	arg1	methodology					1552:1562	urethane methodology	1543:1562	urethane methodology	1543:1562	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	11	3	theme	advanced	1718:1725	arg1	components					1727:1736	advanced components	1718:1736	advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering	1718:1785	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	3	4	theme	poly	503:506	arg1	blends					493:498	blends	493:498	blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD)	493:561	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	10	5	theme	PLLA/PHD	1626:1633	arg1	scaffolds					1653:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	6	6	theme	functionalized	889:902	arg1	scaffolds					904:912	The functionalized scaffolds	885:912	The functionalized scaffolds	885:912	The functionalized scaffolds did not cause hemolysis and inhibited platelet adhesion to a large extent.
28415397	9	7	theme	microbial	1356:1364	arg1	activity					1377:1384	microbial hydrolysis activity	1356:1384	microbial hydrolysis activity	1356:1384	Heparinized surfaces conjugated with lysozyme presented microbial hydrolysis activity dependent on heparin content.
28415397	1	8	theme	tissue	180:185	arg1	engineering					187:197	tissue engineering	180:197	tissue engineering	180:197	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	9	9	theme	Heparinized	1300:1310	arg1	surfaces					1312:1319	Heparinized surfaces	1300:1319	Heparinized surfaces conjugated with lysozyme	1300:1344	Heparinized surfaces conjugated with lysozyme presented microbial hydrolysis activity dependent on heparin content.
28415397	8	10	theme	nanostructures	1213:1226	arg1	hydrophilicity					1147:1160	hydrophilicity	1147:1160	hydrophilicity	1147:1160	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	8	10	theme	nanostructures	1213:1226	arg1	absorption					1172:1181	water absorption	1166:1181	water absorption	1166:1181	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	9	11	theme	heparin	1399:1405	arg1	content					1407:1413	heparin content	1399:1413	heparin content	1399:1413	Heparinized surfaces conjugated with lysozyme presented microbial hydrolysis activity dependent on heparin content.
28415397	2	12	theme	thrombogenicity	345:359	arg1	susceptibility					375:388	their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility	329:388	their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	329:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	3	13	theme	L-lactic	508:515	arg1	poly					503:506	poly	503:506	poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)	503:528	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	3	13	theme	L-lactic	508:515	arg1	acid					517:520	L-lactic acid	508:520	L-lactic acid	508:520	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	5	14	theme	urethane	863:870	arg1	methodology					872:882	urethane methodology	863:882	urethane methodology	863:882	Both strategies afforded high heparin density, being higher for urethane methodology.
28415397	3	15	theme	segmented	534:542	arg1	PHD					558:560	PHD	558:560	PHD	558:560	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	3	15	theme	segmented	534:542	arg1	polyurethane					544:555	segmented polyurethane	534:555	segmented polyurethane (PHD)	534:561	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	6	16	theme	large	975:979	arg1	extent					981:986	a large extent	973:986	a large extent	973:986	The functionalized scaffolds did not cause hemolysis and inhibited platelet adhesion to a large extent.
28415397	3	17	theme	polyurethane	544:555	arg1	blends					493:498	blends	493:498	blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD)	493:561	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	10	18	theme	best	1586:1589	arg1	choice					1591:1596	the best choice	1582:1596	the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1582:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	8	19	theme	water	1166:1170	arg1	absorption					1172:1181	water absorption	1166:1181	water absorption	1166:1181	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	1	20	from	challenges	166:175	arg1	engineering					187:197	tissue engineering	180:197	tissue engineering	180:197	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	10	21	theme	electrospun	1641:1651	arg1	scaffolds					1653:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	8	22	from	increase	1135:1142	arg1	hydrophilicity					1147:1160	hydrophilicity	1147:1160	hydrophilicity	1147:1160	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	8	22	from	increase	1135:1142	arg1	absorption					1172:1181	water absorption	1166:1181	water absorption	1166:1181	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	11	23	theme	tissue	1768:1773	arg1	engineering					1775:1785	vascular tissue engineering	1759:1785	vascular tissue engineering	1759:1785	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	2	24	theme	key	281:283	arg1	modification					222:233	the surface modification	210:233	the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	210:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	24	theme	key	281:283	arg1	factor					285:290	a key factor	279:290	a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	279:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	10	25	theme	scaffolds	1653:1661	arg1	modification					1610:1621	surface modification	1602:1621	surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1602:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	0	26	theme	bioresorbable	17:29	arg1	electrospun					31:41	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun	0:41	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun	0:41	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun scaffolds for improving hemocompatibility of vascular grafts.
28415397	7	27	theme	attachment	1108:1117	arg1	inhibition					1119:1128	the highest platelet attachment inhibition	1087:1128	the highest platelet attachment inhibition	1087:1128	However, lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds obtained through urethane methodology achieved the highest platelet attachment inhibition.
28415397	10	28	theme	chain	1513:1517	arg1	scission					1519:1526	no chain scission	1510:1526	no chain scission	1510:1526	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	2	29	theme	therapy	314:320	arg1	success					299:305	the success	295:305	the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	295:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	0	30	theme	Surface-modified	0:15	arg1	electrospun					31:41	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun	0:41	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun	0:41	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun scaffolds for improving hemocompatibility of vascular grafts.
28415397	9	31	theme	hydrolysis	1366:1375	arg1	activity					1377:1384	microbial hydrolysis activity	1356:1384	microbial hydrolysis activity	1356:1384	Heparinized surfaces conjugated with lysozyme presented microbial hydrolysis activity dependent on heparin content.
28415397	11	32	theme	SDVG	1741:1744	arg1	components					1727:1736	advanced components	1718:1736	advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering	1718:1785	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	10	33	mod	modification	1610:1621	arg1	scaffolds					1653:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1626:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	10	33	mod	modification	1610:1621	arg3	surface					1602:1608	surface modification	1602:1621	surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1602:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	8	34	theme	human	1266:1270	arg1	cells					1293:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	7	35	theme	highest	1091:1097	arg1	inhibition					1119:1128	the highest platelet attachment inhibition	1087:1128	the highest platelet attachment inhibition	1087:1128	However, lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds obtained through urethane methodology achieved the highest platelet attachment inhibition.
28415397	8	36	link	adipose-derived	1272:1286	arg1	cells					1293:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	1	37	theme	small-diameter	124:137	arg1	vessels					139:145	small-diameter vessels	124:145	small-diameter vessels	124:145	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	2	38	theme	endothelium	425:435	arg1	lack					404:407	the lack	400:407	the lack of a functional endothelium	400:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	6	39	theme	platelet	952:959	arg1	adhesion					961:968	platelet adhesion	952:968	platelet adhesion	952:968	The functionalized scaffolds did not cause hemolysis and inhibited platelet adhesion to a large extent.
28415397	7	40	theme	platelet	1099:1106	arg1	inhibition					1119:1128	the highest platelet attachment inhibition	1087:1128	the highest platelet attachment inhibition	1087:1128	However, lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds obtained through urethane methodology achieved the highest platelet attachment inhibition.
28415397	3	41	theme	inner	610:614	arg1	layer					616:620	SDVG inner layer	605:620	SDVG inner layer	605:620	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	1	42	theme	vessels	139:145	arg1	challenges					166:175	the main challenges	157:175	the main challenges in tissue engineering	157:197	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	1	42	theme	vessels	139:145	arg1	one					150:152	one	150:152	one	150:152	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	1	42	theme	vessels	139:145	arg1	replacement					109:119	The replacement	105:119	The replacement of small-diameter vessels	105:145	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	11	43	theme	thrombi	1829:1835	arg1	formation					1837:1845	thrombi formation	1829:1845	thrombi formation	1829:1845	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	2	44	theme	functional	414:423	arg1	endothelium					425:435	a functional endothelium	412:435	a functional endothelium	412:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	8	45	theme	stem	1288:1291	arg1	cells					1293:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	5	46	theme	high	824:827	arg1	density					837:843	high heparin density	824:843	high heparin density	824:843	Both strategies afforded high heparin density, being higher for urethane methodology.
28415397	8	47	theme	adipose-derived	1272:1286	arg1	cells					1293:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	human adipose-derived stem cells	1266:1297	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	11	48	theme	suitable	1746:1753	arg1	components					1727:1736	advanced components	1718:1736	advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering	1718:1785	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	2	49	theme	grafts	262:267	arg1	modification					222:233	the surface modification	210:233	the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	210:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	49	theme	grafts	262:267	arg1	factor					285:290	a key factor	279:290	a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	279:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	7	50	theme	lysozyme/heparin-functionalized	998:1028	arg1	scaffolds					1030:1038	lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds	998:1038	lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds obtained through urethane methodology	998:1076	However, lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds obtained through urethane methodology achieved the highest platelet attachment inhibition.
28415397	3	51	theme	electrospun	452:462	arg1	scaffolds					464:472	electrospun scaffolds	452:472	electrospun scaffolds	452:472	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	7	52	theme	urethane	1057:1064	arg1	methodology					1066:1076	urethane methodology	1057:1076	urethane methodology	1057:1076	However, lysozyme/heparin-functionalized scaffolds obtained through urethane methodology achieved the highest platelet attachment inhibition.
28415397	3	53	theme	SDVG	605:608	arg1	layer					616:620	SDVG inner layer	605:620	SDVG inner layer	605:620	In this work, electrospun scaffolds were prepared from blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) with a composition designed to perform as SDVG inner layer.
28415397	2	54	theme	vascular	253:260	arg1	grafts					262:267	small-diameter vascular grafts	238:267	small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	238:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	54	theme	vascular	253:260	arg1	SDVG					270:273	SDVG	270:273	SDVG	270:273	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	10	55	theme	surface	1602:1608	arg1	modification					1610:1621	surface modification	1602:1621	surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds	1602:1661	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	2	56	theme	increased	335:343	arg1	susceptibility					375:388	their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility	329:388	their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	329:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	8	57	theme	cells	1293:1297	arg1	proliferation					1249:1261	proliferation	1249:1261	proliferation	1249:1261	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	8	57	theme	cells	1293:1297	arg1	adhesion					1236:1243	adhesion	1236:1243	adhesion	1236:1243	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
28415397	2	58	theme	small-diameter	238:251	arg1	grafts					262:267	small-diameter vascular grafts	238:267	small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	238:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	58	theme	small-diameter	238:251	arg1	SDVG					270:273	SDVG	270:273	SDVG	270:273	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	10	59	theme	better	1427:1432	arg1	performance					1434:1444	a better performance	1425:1444	a better performance	1425:1444	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	11	60	theme	biomimetic	1799:1808	arg1	behavior					1810:1817	biomimetic behavior	1799:1817	biomimetic behavior	1799:1817	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	2	61	from	factor	285:290	arg1	success					299:305	the success	295:305	the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	295:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	62	mod	modification	222:233	arg1	grafts					262:267	small-diameter vascular grafts	238:267	small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	238:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	62	mod	modification	222:233	arg1	SDVG					270:273	SDVG	270:273	SDVG	270:273	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	62	mod	modification	222:233	arg3	surface					214:220	the surface modification	210:233	the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	210:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	4	63	theme	functional	780:789	arg1	groups					791:796	PHD functional groups	776:796	PHD functional groups	776:796	The scaffolds were then successfully surface-modified with heparin following two different strategies that rely on grafting of heparin to either PLLA or PHD functional groups.
28415397	4	64	theme	different	704:712	arg1	strategies					714:723	two different strategies	700:723	two different strategies that rely on grafting of heparin to either PLLA or PHD functional groups	700:796	The scaffolds were then successfully surface-modified with heparin following two different strategies that rely on grafting of heparin to either PLLA or PHD functional groups.
28415397	4	65	theme	heparin	750:756	arg1	grafting					738:745	grafting	738:745	grafting of heparin	738:756	The scaffolds were then successfully surface-modified with heparin following two different strategies that rely on grafting of heparin to either PLLA or PHD functional groups.
28415397	2	66	theme	surface	214:220	arg1	modification					222:233	the surface modification	210:233	the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG)	210:274	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	2	66	theme	surface	214:220	arg1	factor					285:290	a key factor	279:290	a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	279:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	1	67	theme	challenges	166:175	arg1	challenges					166:175	the main challenges	157:175	the main challenges in tissue engineering	157:197	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	1	67	theme	challenges	166:175	arg1	one					150:152	one	150:152	one	150:152	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	1	67	theme	challenges	166:175	arg1	replacement					109:119	The replacement	105:119	The replacement of small-diameter vessels	105:145	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	0	68	theme	grafts	97:102	arg1	hemocompatibility					67:83	hemocompatibility	67:83	hemocompatibility of vascular grafts	67:102	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun scaffolds for improving hemocompatibility of vascular grafts.
28415397	5	69	theme	heparin	829:835	arg1	density					837:843	high heparin density	824:843	high heparin density	824:843	Both strategies afforded high heparin density, being higher for urethane methodology.
28415397	4	70	theme	PHD	776:778	arg1	groups					791:796	PHD functional groups	776:796	PHD functional groups	776:796	The scaffolds were then successfully surface-modified with heparin following two different strategies that rely on grafting of heparin to either PLLA or PHD functional groups.
28415397	1	71	theme	main	161:164	arg1	challenges					166:175	the main challenges	157:175	the main challenges in tissue engineering	157:197	The replacement of small-diameter vessels is one of the main challenges in tissue engineering.
28415397	11	72	theme	antimicrobial	1861:1873	arg1	features					1875:1882	antimicrobial features	1861:1882	antimicrobial features	1861:1882	Scaffolds functionalized by this route may perform as advanced components of SDVG suitable for vascular tissue engineering, exhibiting biomimetic behavior, avoiding thrombi formation and providing antimicrobial features.
28415397	0	73	theme	vascular	88:95	arg1	grafts					97:102	vascular grafts	88:102	vascular grafts	88:102	Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun scaffolds for improving hemocompatibility of vascular grafts.
28415397	10	74	theme	urethane-modified	1459:1475	arg1	scaffold					1477:1484	urethane-modified scaffold	1459:1484	urethane-modified scaffold	1459:1484	Overall, a better performance obtained for urethane-modified scaffold, added to the fact that no chain scission is involved in urethane methodology, makes the latter the best choice for surface modification of PLLA/PHD 50/50 electrospun scaffolds.
28415397	2	75	theme	infection	365:373	arg1	susceptibility					375:388	their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility	329:388	their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium	329:435	Moreover, the surface modification of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) is a key factor in the success of the therapy due to their increased thrombogenicity and infection susceptibility caused by the lack of a functional endothelium.
28415397	8	76	theme	surface-functionalized	1190:1211	arg1	nanostructures					1213:1226	the surface-functionalized nanostructures	1186:1226	the surface-functionalized nanostructures	1186:1226	The increase in hydrophilicity and water absorption of the surface-functionalized nanostructures favored adhesion and proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.
24478080	2	0	theme	host	510:513	arg1	response					515:522	the host response	506:522	the host response	506:522	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	2	1	from	initiation	448:457	arg1	communities					480:490	oral communities	475:490	oral communities	475:490	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	6	2	theme	oral	1264:1267	arg1	composition					1279:1289	the oral microbial composition	1260:1289	the oral microbial composition	1260:1289	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	5	3	theme	strains	928:934	arg1	preparations					961:972	their respective LPS preparations	940:972	their respective LPS preparations	940:972	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	5	3	theme	strains	928:934	arg1	applications					908:919	repeated applications	899:919	repeated applications of all strains	899:934	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	3	4	theme	cellular	720:727	arg1	responses					729:737	different host cellular responses	705:737	different host cellular responses	705:737	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	2	5	contain	contains	355:362	arg1	gingivalis					344:353	Porphyromonas gingivalis	330:353	Porphyromonas gingivalis	330:353	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	2	5	contain	contains	355:362	arg2	A					370:370	lipid A	364:370	lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth	364:580	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	8	6	theme	lipid	1478:1482	arg1	phosphatases					1486:1497	lipid A phosphatases	1478:1497	lipid A phosphatases	1478:1497	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	5	7	theme	oral	1066:1069	arg1	load					1091:1094	the oral commensal microbial load	1062:1094	the oral commensal microbial load	1062:1094	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	0	8	theme	commensal	102:110	arg1	load					112:115	the commensal load	98:115	the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model	98:144	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	2	9	from	dysbiosis	462:470	arg1	communities					480:490	oral communities	475:490	oral communities	475:490	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	9	10	theme	multiple	1623:1630	arg1	communities					1657:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	Furthermore, the data demonstrate that multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities can elicit periodontitis.
24478080	6	11	theme	LPS	1174:1176	arg1	preparations					1178:1189	the LPS preparations	1170:1189	the LPS preparations	1170:1189	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	5	12	theme	lipid	1012:1016	arg1	mutants					1020:1026	the lipid A mutants	1008:1026	the lipid A mutants	1008:1026	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	2	13	from	communities	480:490	arg1	initiation					448:457	the initiation	444:457	the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities	444:490	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	8	14	from	increases	1551:1559	arg1	load					1578:1581	the microbial load	1564:1581	the microbial load	1564:1581	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	6	15	theme	significant	1237:1247	arg1	changes					1249:1255	yet significant changes	1233:1255	yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition	1233:1289	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	5	16	theme	repeated	899:906	arg1	applications					908:919	repeated applications	899:919	repeated applications of all strains	899:934	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	8	17	from	colonization	1520:1531	arg1	load					1578:1581	the microbial load	1564:1581	the microbial load	1564:1581	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	0	18	theme	Porphyromonas	0:12	arg1	gingivalis					14:23	Porphyromonas gingivalis	0:23	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	8	19	theme	environmental	1450:1462	arg1	conditions					1464:1473	environmental conditions	1450:1473	environmental conditions	1450:1473	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	0	20	theme	gingivalis	14:23	arg1	activity					45:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	8	21	from	composition	1423:1433	arg1	response					1438:1445	response	1438:1445	response to environmental conditions	1438:1473	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	9	22	theme	oral	1642:1645	arg1	communities					1657:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	Furthermore, the data demonstrate that multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities can elicit periodontitis.
24478080	5	23	theme	A	1018:1018	arg1	mutants					1020:1026	the lipid A mutants	1008:1026	the lipid A mutants	1008:1026	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	6	24	theme	mutant	1152:1157	arg1	strains					1159:1165	the mutant strains	1148:1165	the mutant strains	1148:1165	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	5	25	theme	respective	946:955	arg1	preparations					961:972	their respective LPS preparations	940:972	their respective LPS preparations	940:972	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	1	26	theme	polymicrobial	177:189	arg1	etiology					191:198	polymicrobial etiology	177:198	polymicrobial etiology	177:198	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	2	27	theme	dysbiosis	462:470	arg1	initiation					448:457	the initiation	444:457	the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities	444:490	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	8	28	theme	rabbit	1540:1545	arg1	increases					1551:1559	increases	1551:1559	increases in the microbial load	1551:1581	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	8	28	theme	rabbit	1540:1545	arg1	colonization					1520:1531	colonization	1520:1531	colonization of the rabbit	1520:1545	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	8	29	theme	A	1484:1484	arg1	phosphatases					1486:1497	lipid A phosphatases	1478:1497	lipid A phosphatases	1478:1497	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	5	30	theme	P.	975:976	arg1	gingivalis					978:987	P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants,	975:1027	P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants,	975:1027	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	1	31	theme	etiology	191:198	arg1	Periodontitis					147:159	Periodontitis	147:159	Periodontitis	147:159	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	1	31	theme	etiology	191:198	arg1	disease					166:172	a disease	164:172	a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth	164:327	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	0	32	theme	A	31:31	arg1	activity					45:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	3	33	theme	different	705:713	arg1	responses					729:737	different host cellular responses	705:737	different host cellular responses	705:737	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	0	34	theme	rabbit	124:129	arg1	model					140:144	the rabbit ligature model	120:144	the rabbit ligature model	120:144	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	3	35	theme	gingivalis	602:611	arg1	A					619:619	P. gingivalis lipid A	599:619	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	595:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	0	36	theme	lipid	25:29	arg1	activity					45:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	3	37	theme	locked	666:671	arg1	"					672:672	"locked"	665:672	different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	655:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	5	38	theme	wild	989:992	arg1	type					994:997	wild type	989:997	wild type	989:997	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	8	39	theme	A	1421:1421	arg1	composition					1423:1433	the lipid A composition	1411:1433	the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases	1411:1497	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	9	40	theme	microbial	1647:1655	arg1	communities					1657:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	Furthermore, the data demonstrate that multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities can elicit periodontitis.
24478080	1	41	theme	supporting	299:308	arg1	apparatus					310:318	the supporting apparatus	295:318	the supporting apparatus of teeth	295:327	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	3	42	theme	"	672:672	arg1	structures					682:691	different "locked" lipid A structures	655:691	different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	655:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	3	43	theme	lipid	613:617	arg1	A					619:619	P. gingivalis lipid A	599:619	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	595:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	7	44	theme	All	1306:1308	arg1	strains					1310:1316	All strains	1306:1316	All strains	1306:1316	All strains and their respective LPS preparations induced periodontitis.
24478080	9	45	theme	dysbiotic	1632:1640	arg1	communities					1657:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities	1623:1667	Furthermore, the data demonstrate that multiple dysbiotic oral microbial communities can elicit periodontitis.
24478080	0	46	theme	phosphatase	33:43	arg1	activity					45:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity	0:52	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	0	47	theme	ligature	131:138	arg1	model					140:144	the rabbit ligature model	120:144	the rabbit ligature model	120:144	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	3	48	theme	different	655:663	arg1	structures					682:691	different "locked" lipid A structures	655:691	different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	655:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	3	49	contain	contain	647:653	arg1	mutants					633:639	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants	595:639	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	595:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	3	49	contain	contain	647:653	arg2	structures					682:691	different "locked" lipid A structures	655:691	different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	655:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	8	50	theme	microbial	1568:1576	arg1	load					1578:1581	the microbial load	1564:1581	the microbial load	1564:1581	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	2	51	theme	permissive	544:553	arg1	environment					555:565	a permissive environment	542:565	a permissive environment for its growth	542:580	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	7	52	theme	LPS	1339:1341	arg1	preparations					1343:1354	their respective LPS preparations	1322:1354	their respective LPS preparations	1322:1354	All strains and their respective LPS preparations induced periodontitis.
24478080	3	53	theme	P.	599:600	arg1	A					619:619	P. gingivalis lipid A	599:619	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	595:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	2	54	theme	lipid	364:368	arg1	A					370:370	lipid A	364:370	lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth	364:580	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	2	55	theme	oral	475:478	arg1	communities					480:490	oral communities	475:490	oral communities	475:490	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	1	56	theme	teeth	323:327	arg1	apparatus					310:318	the supporting apparatus	295:318	the supporting apparatus of teeth	295:327	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	5	57	theme	significant	1035:1045	arg1	impact					1047:1052	a significant impact	1033:1052	a significant impact	1033:1052	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	2	58	with	A	370:370	arg1	heterogeneity					388:400	structural heterogeneity	377:400	structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth	377:580	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	5	59	theme	microbial	1081:1089	arg1	load					1091:1094	the oral commensal microbial load	1062:1094	the oral commensal microbial load	1062:1094	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	8	60	theme	lipid	1415:1419	arg1	composition					1423:1433	the lipid A composition	1411:1433	the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases	1411:1497	Therefore, the ability to alter the lipid A composition in response to environmental conditions by lipid A phosphatases is required for both colonization of the rabbit and increases in the microbial load.
24478080	0	61	from	load	112:115	arg1	model					140:144	the rabbit ligature model	120:144	the rabbit ligature model	120:144	Porphyromonas gingivalis lipid A phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model.
24478080	6	62	theme	microbial	1196:1204	arg1	load					1206:1209	the microbial load	1192:1209	the microbial load	1192:1209	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	3	63	theme	A	619:619	arg1	mutants					633:639	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants	595:639	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	595:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	5	64	theme	LPS	957:959	arg1	preparations					961:972	their respective LPS preparations	940:972	their respective LPS preparations	940:972	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	6	65	theme	microbial	1269:1277	arg1	composition					1279:1289	the oral microbial composition	1260:1289	the oral microbial composition	1260:1289	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	3	66	theme	lipid	674:678	arg1	structures					682:691	different "locked" lipid A structures	655:691	different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	655:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	4	67	theme	Lipopolysaccharide	807:824	arg1	preparations					832:843	Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations	807:843	Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations obtained from these strains	807:871	Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations obtained from these strains were also examined.
24478080	5	68	theme	commensal	1071:1079	arg1	load					1091:1094	the oral commensal microbial load	1062:1094	the oral commensal microbial load	1062:1094	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	2	69	theme	Porphyromonas	330:342	arg1	gingivalis					344:353	Porphyromonas gingivalis	330:353	Porphyromonas gingivalis	330:353	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	5	70	contain	had	1029:1031	arg1	gingivalis					978:987	P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants,	975:1027	P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants,	975:1027	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	5	70	contain	had	1029:1031	arg2	impact					1047:1052	a significant impact	1033:1052	a significant impact	1033:1052	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	6	71	from	changes	1249:1255	arg1	composition					1279:1289	the oral microbial composition	1260:1289	the oral microbial composition	1260:1289	In contrast, in rabbits exposed to the mutant strains or the LPS preparations, the microbial load did not increase, and yet significant changes in the oral microbial composition were observed.
24478080	3	72	theme	A	680:680	arg1	structures					682:691	different "locked" lipid A structures	655:691	different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	655:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	3	73	theme	phosphatase	621:631	arg1	mutants					633:639	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants	595:639	two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits	595:804	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	5	74	dep	gingivalis	978:987	arg1	mutants					1020:1026	the lipid A mutants	1008:1026	the lipid A mutants	1008:1026	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	5	74	dep	gingivalis	978:987	arg1	type					994:997	wild type	989:997	wild type	989:997	After repeated applications of all strains and their respective LPS preparations, P. gingivalis wild type, but not the lipid A mutants, had a significant impact on both the oral commensal microbial load and composition.
24478080	1	75	theme	host	246:249	arg1	tissue					251:256	host tissue	246:256	host tissue	246:256	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	3	76	theme	host	715:718	arg1	responses					729:737	different host cellular responses	705:737	different host cellular responses	705:737	We examined two P. gingivalis lipid A phosphatase mutants which contain different "locked" lipid A structures that induce different host cellular responses for their ability to induce dysbiosis and periodontitis in rabbits.
24478080	7	77	theme	respective	1328:1337	arg1	preparations					1343:1354	their respective LPS preparations	1322:1354	their respective LPS preparations	1322:1354	All strains and their respective LPS preparations induced periodontitis.
24478080	2	78	theme	structural	377:386	arg1	heterogeneity					388:400	structural heterogeneity	377:400	structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth	377:580	Porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid A with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth.
24478080	1	79	theme	tissue	251:256	arg1	bone					263:266	bone	263:266	bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth	263:327	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	1	79	theme	tissue	251:256	arg1	degradation					231:241	degradation	231:241	degradation of host tissue	231:256	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24478080	1	79	theme	tissue	251:256	arg1	inflammation					217:228	inflammation	217:228	inflammation	217:228	Periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth.
24114322	1	0	theme	seeded	334:339	arg1	copolymerization					350:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization	334:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	334:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	4	1	dep	directly	1148:1155	arg1	S-1					1158:1160	S-1	1158:1160	S-1	1158:1160	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	3	2	contain	possessed	933:941	arg2	level					953:957	a certain level	943:957	a certain level of magnetic response	943:978	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	3	2	contain	possessed	933:941	arg1	results					786:792	The results	782:792	The results	782:792	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	1	3	theme	emulsifier	616:625	arg1	addition					600:607	addition	600:607	addition of any emulsifier	600:625	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	4	theme	emulsion	341:348	arg1	copolymerization					350:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization	334:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	334:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	3	5	theme	response	971:978	arg1	level					953:957	a certain level	943:957	a certain level of magnetic response	943:978	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	3	6	theme	thinner	862:868	arg1	shell					870:874	a thinner shell	860:874	a thinner shell (around 100 nm)	860:890	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	3	7	theme	emulsion	819:826	arg1	particles					828:836	the magnetic emulsion particles	806:836	the magnetic emulsion particles	806:836	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	4	8	theme	immobilized	1291:1301	arg1	lipase					1303:1308	immobilized lipase	1291:1308	immobilized lipase	1291:1308	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	9	theme	magnetic	1128:1135	arg1	composites					1137:1146	the resulting magnetic composites	1114:1146	the resulting magnetic composites	1114:1146	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	1	10	theme	ethylene	420:427	arg1	dimethacrylate					436:449	ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	420:449	ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	420:449	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	11	theme	seed	254:257	arg1	copolymer					157:165	emulsion copolymer	148:165	emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)	148:249	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	11	theme	seed	254:257	arg1	latexes					259:265	seed latexes	254:265	seed latexes	254:265	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	2	12	theme	transmission	714:725	arg1	microscope					736:745	transmission electron microscope	714:745	transmission electron microscope	714:745	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	4	13	theme	thermal	1254:1260	arg1	stability					1262:1270	the thermal stability	1250:1270	the thermal stability	1250:1270	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	13	theme	thermal	1254:1260	arg1	higher					1328:1333	higher	1328:1333	higher	1328:1333	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	14	theme	resulting	985:993	arg1	particles					1013:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles	981:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles	981:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	1	15	theme	glycol	429:434	arg1	dimethacrylate					436:449	ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	420:449	ethylene glycol dimethacrylate	420:449	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	3	16	theme	bigger	898:903	arg1	cavity					905:910	a bigger cavity	896:910	a bigger cavity (around 200 nm)	896:926	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	2	17	theme	vibrating	751:759	arg1	magnetometry					768:779	vibrating sample magnetometry	751:779	vibrating sample magnetometry	751:779	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	2	18	theme	electron	727:734	arg1	microscope					736:745	transmission electron microscope	714:745	transmission electron microscope	714:745	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	1	19	theme	butyl	370:374	arg1	BMA					390:392	BMA	390:392	BMA	390:392	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	19	theme	butyl	370:374	arg1	methacrylate					376:387	butyl methacrylate	370:387	butyl methacrylate (BMA)	370:393	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	20	theme	dimethacrylate	436:449	arg1	copolymerization					350:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization	334:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	334:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	21	theme	Fe3O4-APTS	538:547	arg1	nanoparticles					549:561	Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles	538:561	Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles	538:561	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	21	theme	Fe3O4-APTS	538:547	arg1	nanoparticles					520:532	superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles	491:532	superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	491:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	2	22	theme	emulsion	641:648	arg1	particles					650:658	The magnetic emulsion particles	628:658	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc)	628:690	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	0	23	theme	lipase	119:124	arg1	immobilization					126:139	lipase immobilization	119:139	lipase immobilization	119:139	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization and their application for lipase immobilization.
24114322	1	24	theme	methacrylate	376:387	arg1	copolymerization					350:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization	334:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	334:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	3	25	theme	magnetic	962:969	arg1	response					971:978	magnetic response	962:978	magnetic response	962:978	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	0	26	theme	polymer	18:24	arg1	particles					35:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	0:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free	0:60	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization and their application for lipase immobilization.
24114322	2	27	theme	St-GMA-HEMA	668:678	arg1	BMA-VAc					683:689	BMA-VAc	683:689	BMA-VAc	683:689	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	2	27	theme	St-GMA-HEMA	668:678	arg1	/P					680:681	P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P	666:681	P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc)	666:690	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	0	28	from	soap-free	52:60	arg1	particles					35:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	0:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free	0:60	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization and their application for lipase immobilization.
24114322	1	29	theme	glycidyl	184:191	arg1	GMA					207:209	GMA	207:209	GMA	207:209	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	29	theme	glycidyl	184:191	arg1	methacrylate					193:204	glycidyl methacrylate	184:204	glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)	184:210	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	29	theme	glycidyl	184:191	arg1	HEMA					245:248	HEMA	245:248	HEMA	245:248	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	29	theme	glycidyl	184:191	arg1	styrene					170:176	styrene	170:176	styrene (St)	170:181	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	0	30	theme	Superparamagnetic	0:16	arg1	particles					35:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	0:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free	0:60	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization and their application for lipase immobilization.
24114322	4	31	theme	lipase	1303:1308	arg1	stability					1262:1270	the thermal stability	1250:1270	the thermal stability	1250:1270	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	31	theme	lipase	1303:1308	arg1	higher					1328:1333	higher	1328:1333	higher	1328:1333	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	31	theme	lipase	1303:1308	arg1	reusability					1276:1286	reusability	1276:1286	reusability	1276:1286	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	3	32	with	structure	845:853	arg1	cavity					905:910	a bigger cavity	896:910	a bigger cavity (around 200 nm)	896:926	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	3	32	with	structure	845:853	arg1	shell					870:874	a thinner shell	860:874	a thinner shell (around 100 nm)	860:890	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	2	33	theme	P	666:666	arg1	BMA-VAc					683:689	BMA-VAc	683:689	BMA-VAc	683:689	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	2	33	theme	P	666:666	arg1	/P					680:681	P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P	666:681	P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc)	666:690	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	2	34	theme	magnetic	632:639	arg1	particles					650:658	The magnetic emulsion particles	628:658	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc)	628:690	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	3	35	theme	magnetic	810:817	arg1	particles					828:836	the magnetic emulsion particles	806:836	the magnetic emulsion particles	806:836	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	0	36	theme	emulsion	26:33	arg1	particles					35:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	0:43	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free	0:60	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization and their application for lipase immobilization.
24114322	1	37	theme	superparamagnetic	272:288	arg1	particles					307:315	the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	268:315	the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	268:315	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	38	dep	styrene	170:176	arg1	St					179:180	St	179:180	St	179:180	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	39	theme	two-step	574:581	arg1	process					583:589	a two-step process	572:589	a two-step process	572:589	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	40	theme	polymer	290:296	arg1	particles					307:315	the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	268:315	the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	268:315	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	4	41	theme	experimental	1220:1231	arg1	data					1233:1236	experimental data	1220:1236	experimental data	1220:1236	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	2	42	theme	sample	761:766	arg1	magnetometry					768:779	vibrating sample magnetometry	751:779	vibrating sample magnetometry	751:779	The magnetic emulsion particles named P(St-GMA-HEMA)/P(BMA-VAc) were characterized by transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometry.
24114322	1	43	from	copolymerization	350:365	arg1	presence					458:465	the presence	454:465	the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	454:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	44	theme	emulsion	298:305	arg1	particles					307:315	the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	268:315	the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles	268:315	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	4	45	dep	showed	1238:1243	arg1	using					1166:1170	using	1166:1170	using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2)	1166:1211	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	46	theme	emulsion	1004:1011	arg1	particles					1013:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles	981:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles	981:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	47	theme	immobilized	1090:1100	arg1	lipase					1102:1107	immobilized lipase	1090:1107	immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites	1090:1146	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	1	48	theme	vinyl	396:400	arg1	VAc					411:413	VAc	411:413	VAc	411:413	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	48	theme	vinyl	396:400	arg1	acetate					402:408	vinyl acetate	396:408	vinyl acetate (VAc)	396:414	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	49	theme	seed	474:477	arg1	latexes					479:485	the seed latexes	470:485	the seed latexes	470:485	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	50	theme	acetate	402:408	arg1	copolymerization					350:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization	334:365	seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	334:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	51	theme	latexes	479:485	arg1	presence					458:465	the presence	454:465	the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	454:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	4	52	theme	coupling	1192:1199	arg1	agent					1201:1205	a coupling agent	1190:1205	a coupling agent (S-2)	1190:1211	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	52	theme	coupling	1192:1199	arg1	glutaraldehyde					1172:1185	glutaraldehyde	1172:1185	glutaraldehyde	1172:1185	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	4	52	theme	coupling	1192:1199	arg1	S-2					1208:1210	S-2	1208:1210	S-2	1208:1210	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	1	53	theme	emulsion	148:155	arg1	copolymer					157:165	emulsion copolymer	148:165	emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)	148:249	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	53	theme	emulsion	148:155	arg1	latexes					259:265	seed latexes	254:265	seed latexes	254:265	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	54	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	216:229	arg1	styrene					170:176	styrene	170:176	styrene (St)	170:181	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	54	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	216:229	arg1	methacrylate					231:242	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	216:242	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate	216:242	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	4	55	theme	resulting	1118:1126	arg1	composites					1137:1146	the resulting magnetic composites	1114:1146	the resulting magnetic composites	1114:1146	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	1	56	theme	superparamagnetic	491:507	arg1	nanoparticles					549:561	Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles	538:561	Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles	538:561	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	56	theme	superparamagnetic	491:507	arg1	nanoparticles					520:532	superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles	491:532	superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	491:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	4	57	theme	lipase	1062:1067	arg1	immobilization					1044:1057	the immobilization	1040:1057	the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites	1040:1146	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	3	58	theme	certain	945:951	arg1	level					953:957	a certain level	943:957	a certain level of magnetic response	943:978	The results showed that the magnetic emulsion particles held a structure with a thinner shell (around 100 nm) and a bigger cavity (around 200 nm), and possessed a certain level of magnetic response.
24114322	1	59	theme	Fe3O4/SiOx	509:518	arg1	nanoparticles					549:561	Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles	538:561	Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles	538:561	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	59	theme	Fe3O4/SiOx	509:518	arg1	nanoparticles					520:532	superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles	491:532	superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	491:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	0	60	theme	emulsion	69:76	arg1	polymerization					78:91	emulsion polymerization	69:91	emulsion polymerization	69:91	Superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles from a soap-free seeded emulsion polymerization and their application for lipase immobilization.
24114322	4	61	theme	magnetic	995:1002	arg1	particles					1013:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles	981:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles	981:1021	The resulting magnetic emulsion particles were employed in the immobilization of lipase by two strategies to immobilized lipase onto the resulting magnetic composites directly (S-1) or using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent (S-2), thus, experimental data showed that the thermal stability and reusability of immobilized lipase based on S-2 were higher than that of S-1.
24114322	1	62	theme	nanoparticles	520:532	arg1	presence					458:465	the presence	454:465	the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles)	454:562	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	63	theme	styrene	170:176	arg1	copolymer					157:165	emulsion copolymer	148:165	emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)	148:249	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
24114322	1	63	theme	styrene	170:176	arg1	latexes					259:265	seed latexes	254:265	seed latexes	254:265	Using emulsion copolymer of styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as seed latexes, the superparamagnetic polymer emulsion particles were prepared by seeded emulsion copolymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA), vinyl acetate (VAc) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the presence of the seed latexes and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiOx nanoparticles (or Fe3O4-APTS nanoparticles) through a two-step process, without addition of any emulsifier.
28500325	0	0	theme	Species-Specific	106:121	arg1	Mechanisms					123:132	Species-Specific Mechanisms	106:132	Species-Specific Mechanisms	106:132	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms.
28500325	5	1	dep	ultrastructure	703:716	arg1	The					699:701	The	699:701	The	699:701	The ultrastructure and morphology of the bacteria before and after treatment with CSS-Ag NPs were observed.
28500325	10	2	theme	antibacterial	1457:1469	arg1	behaviors					1471:1479	the antibacterial behaviors	1453:1479	the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs	1453:1493	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	7	3	theme	action	994:999	arg1	change					1033:1038	a change	1031:1038	a change	1031:1038	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	7	3	theme	action	994:999	arg1	mechanism					981:989	the primary mechanism	969:989	the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria	969:1025	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	5	4	theme	CSS-Ag	781:786	arg1	NPs					788:790	CSS-Ag NPs	781:790	CSS-Ag NPs	781:790	The ultrastructure and morphology of the bacteria before and after treatment with CSS-Ag NPs were observed.
28500325	7	5	theme	primary	973:979	arg1	change					1033:1038	a change	1031:1038	a change	1031:1038	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	7	5	theme	primary	973:979	arg1	mechanism					981:989	the primary mechanism	969:989	the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria	969:1025	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	7	6	from	mechanism	981:989	arg1	bacteria					1018:1025	gram-negative bacteria	1004:1025	gram-negative bacteria	1004:1025	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	8	7	theme	cell	1179:1182	arg1	walls					1184:1188	the cell walls	1175:1188	the cell walls of gram bacteria	1175:1205	The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria.
28500325	2	8	theme	Ag	306:307	arg1	NPs					309:311	CSS-coated Ag NPs	295:311	CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs)	295:324	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	2	8	theme	Ag	306:307	arg1	NPs					321:323	CSS-Ag NPs	314:323	CSS-Ag NPs	314:323	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	5	9	theme	bacteria	740:747	arg1	morphology					722:731	morphology	722:731	morphology	722:731	The ultrastructure and morphology of the bacteria before and after treatment with CSS-Ag NPs were observed.
28500325	5	9	theme	bacteria	740:747	arg1	ultrastructure					703:716	ultrastructure	703:716	ultrastructure	703:716	The ultrastructure and morphology of the bacteria before and after treatment with CSS-Ag NPs were observed.
28500325	6	10	theme	wall	915:918	arg1	leakage					924:930	leakage	924:930	leakage of cytoplasmic content	924:953	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	10	theme	wall	915:918	arg1	bacteria					868:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	10	theme	wall	915:918	arg1	disorganization					887:901	a disorganization	885:901	a disorganization of the cell wall	885:918	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	0	11	with	Agent	95:99	arg1	Mechanisms					123:132	Species-Specific Mechanisms	106:132	Species-Specific Mechanisms	106:132	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms.
28500325	2	12	theme	CSS-coated	295:304	arg1	NPs					309:311	CSS-coated Ag NPs	295:311	CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs)	295:324	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	2	12	theme	CSS-coated	295:304	arg1	NPs					321:323	CSS-Ag NPs	314:323	CSS-Ag NPs	314:323	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	8	13	theme	bacteria	1198:1205	arg1	walls					1184:1188	the cell walls	1175:1188	the cell walls of gram bacteria	1175:1205	The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria.
28500325	6	14	theme	cell	910:913	arg1	wall					915:918	the cell wall	906:918	the cell wall	906:918	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	10	15	theme	NPs	1491:1493	arg1	behaviors					1471:1479	the antibacterial behaviors	1453:1479	the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs	1453:1493	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	9	16	theme	Gram-positive	1208:1220	arg1	bacteria					1222:1229	Gram-positive bacteria	1208:1229	Gram-positive bacteria	1208:1229	Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles.
28500325	10	17	theme	CSS-Ag	1484:1489	arg1	NPs					1491:1493	CSS-Ag NPs	1484:1493	CSS-Ag NPs	1484:1493	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	10	18	theme	in-depth	1427:1434	arg1	understanding					1436:1448	an in-depth understanding	1424:1448	an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs	1424:1493	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	3	19	theme	gram	535:538	arg1	bacteria					540:547	gram bacteria	535:547	gram bacteria	535:547	The differences revealed that the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram bacteria with distinct, species-specific mechanisms.
28500325	7	20	from	action	994:999	arg1	bacteria					1018:1025	gram-negative bacteria	1004:1025	gram-negative bacteria	1004:1025	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	0	21	theme	Chitosan/Silver	20:34	arg1	Nanoparticle					36:47	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle	0:47	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle	0:47	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms.
28500325	8	22	theme	gram	1193:1196	arg1	bacteria					1198:1205	gram bacteria	1193:1205	gram bacteria	1193:1205	The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria.
28500325	7	23	theme	CSS-Ag	1091:1096	arg1	NPs					1098:1100	CSS-Ag NPs	1091:1100	CSS-Ag NPs	1091:1100	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	1	24	theme	catechol-conjugated	192:210	arg1	CSS					222:224	CSS	222:224	CSS	222:224	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	1	24	theme	catechol-conjugated	192:210	arg1	chitosan					212:219	catechol-conjugated chitosan	192:219	catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS)	192:225	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	2	25	theme	aureus	454:459	arg1	bacteria					473:480	gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria	425:480	gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria	425:480	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	2	26	dep	aureus	454:459	arg1	aureus					465:470	S. aureus	462:470	S. aureus	462:470	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	2	27	theme	CSS-Ag	314:319	arg1	NPs					309:311	CSS-coated Ag NPs	295:311	CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs)	295:324	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	2	27	theme	CSS-Ag	314:319	arg1	NPs					321:323	CSS-Ag NPs	314:323	CSS-Ag NPs	314:323	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	2	28	theme	coli	388:391	arg1	bacteria					403:410	gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria	362:410	gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria	362:410	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	3	29	theme	distinct	554:561	arg1	mechanisms					581:590	distinct, species-specific mechanisms	554:590	distinct, species-specific mechanisms	554:590	The differences revealed that the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram bacteria with distinct, species-specific mechanisms.
28500325	10	30	theme	behaviors	1471:1479	arg1	understanding					1436:1448	an in-depth understanding	1424:1448	an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs	1424:1493	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	7	31	from	bacteria	1018:1025	arg1	change					1033:1038	a change	1031:1038	a change	1031:1038	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	7	31	from	bacteria	1018:1025	arg1	mechanism					981:989	the primary mechanism	969:989	the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria	969:1025	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	2	32	theme	gram-positive	425:437	arg1	bacteria					473:480	gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria	425:480	gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria	425:480	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	9	33	theme	CSS-Ag	1250:1255	arg1	NPs					1257:1259	CSS-Ag NPs	1250:1259	CSS-Ag NPs	1250:1259	Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles.
28500325	10	34	theme	Ag	1558:1559	arg1	NPs					1561:1563	Ag NPs	1558:1563	Ag NPs	1558:1563	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	3	35	dep	distinct	554:561	arg1	species-specific					564:579	species-specific	564:579	species-specific	564:579	The differences revealed that the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram bacteria with distinct, species-specific mechanisms.
28500325	8	36	from	differences	1160:1170	arg1	walls					1184:1188	the cell walls	1175:1188	the cell walls of gram bacteria	1175:1205	The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria.
28500325	4	37	theme	underlying	647:656	arg1	mechanisms					658:667	these underlying mechanisms	641:667	these underlying mechanisms	641:667	The aim of this study is to further investigate these underlying mechanisms through a series of analyses.
28500325	4	38	theme	analyses	689:696	arg1	series					679:684	a series	677:684	a series of analyses	677:696	The aim of this study is to further investigate these underlying mechanisms through a series of analyses.
28500325	9	39	theme	special	1361:1367	arg1	membrane					1375:1382	a special outer membrane	1359:1382	a special outer membrane	1359:1382	Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles.
28500325	7	40	from	change	1033:1038	arg1	permeability					1052:1063	membrane permeability	1043:1063	membrane permeability	1043:1063	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	7	40	from	change	1033:1038	arg1	contrast					959:966	contrast	959:966	contrast	959:966	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	0	41	theme	Effective	71:79	arg1	Agent					95:99	a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent	62:99	a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms	62:132	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms.
28500325	6	42	dep	bacteria	868:875	arg1	leakage					924:930	leakage	924:930	leakage of cytoplasmic content	924:953	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	42	dep	bacteria	868:875	arg1	bacteria					868:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	42	dep	bacteria	868:875	arg1	disorganization					887:901	a disorganization	885:901	a disorganization of the cell wall	885:918	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	10	43	theme	infections	1592:1601	arg1	treatment					1569:1577	treatment	1569:1577	treatment of bacterial infections	1569:1601	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	10	44	theme	NPs	1561:1563	arg1	design					1548:1553	the design	1544:1553	the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections	1544:1601	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	2	45	theme	higher	338:343	arg1	toxicity					345:352	a higher toxicity	336:352	a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria	336:410	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	9	46	theme	thicker	1266:1272	arg1	wall					1279:1282	a thicker cell wall	1264:1282	a thicker cell wall	1264:1282	Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles.
28500325	8	47	theme	species-specific	1107:1122	arg1	mechanisms					1124:1133	The species-specific mechanisms	1103:1133	The species-specific mechanisms	1103:1133	The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria.
28500325	6	48	theme	gram-positive	854:866	arg1	leakage					924:930	leakage	924:930	leakage of cytoplasmic content	924:953	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	48	theme	gram-positive	854:866	arg1	bacteria					868:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	48	theme	gram-positive	854:866	arg1	disorganization					887:901	a disorganization	885:901	a disorganization of the cell wall	885:918	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	49	theme	content	947:953	arg1	leakage					924:930	leakage	924:930	leakage of cytoplasmic content	924:953	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	49	theme	content	947:953	arg1	bacteria					868:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	gram-positive bacteria	854:875	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	6	49	theme	content	947:953	arg1	disorganization					887:901	a disorganization	885:901	a disorganization of the cell wall	885:918	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	0	50	theme	Catechol-Functional	0:18	arg1	Nanoparticle					36:47	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle	0:47	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle	0:47	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms.
28500325	9	51	theme	cell	1274:1277	arg1	wall					1279:1282	a thicker cell wall	1264:1282	a thicker cell wall	1264:1282	Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles.
28500325	10	52	theme	bacterial	1582:1590	arg1	infections					1592:1601	bacterial infections	1582:1601	bacterial infections	1582:1601	Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
28500325	1	53	theme	silver	150:155	arg1	nanoparticles					157:169	silver nanoparticles	150:169	silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS)	150:225	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	1	53	theme	silver	150:155	arg1	NPs					175:177	Ag NPs	172:177	Ag NPs	172:177	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	4	54	theme	study	609:613	arg1	aim					597:599	The aim	593:599	The aim of this study	593:613	The aim of this study is to further investigate these underlying mechanisms through a series of analyses.
28500325	7	55	theme	membrane	1043:1050	arg1	permeability					1052:1063	membrane permeability	1043:1063	membrane permeability	1043:1063	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	2	56	dep	coli	388:391	arg1	coli					397:400	E. coli	394:400	E. coli	394:400	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	1	57	theme	Ag	172:173	arg1	nanoparticles					157:169	silver nanoparticles	150:169	silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS)	150:225	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	1	57	theme	Ag	172:173	arg1	NPs					175:177	Ag NPs	172:177	Ag NPs	172:177	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	7	58	theme	NPs	1098:1100	arg1	adsorption					1077:1086	adsorption	1077:1086	adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs	1077:1100	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	8	59	theme	structural	1149:1158	arg1	differences					1160:1170	structural differences	1149:1170	structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria	1149:1205	The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria.
28500325	6	60	theme	CSS-Ag	836:841	arg1	NPs					843:845	the CSS-Ag NPs	832:845	the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content	832:953	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	7	61	theme	gram-negative	1004:1016	arg1	bacteria					1018:1025	gram-negative bacteria	1004:1025	gram-negative bacteria	1004:1025	In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs.
28500325	3	62	theme	CSS-Ag	517:522	arg1	NPs					524:526	the CSS-Ag NPs	513:526	the CSS-Ag NPs	513:526	The differences revealed that the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram bacteria with distinct, species-specific mechanisms.
28500325	1	63	theme	green	247:251	arg1	methods					253:259	green methods	247:259	green methods	247:259	In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods.
28500325	0	64	theme	Antibacterial	81:93	arg1	Agent					95:99	a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent	62:99	a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms	62:132	Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms.
28500325	6	65	theme	cytoplasmic	935:945	arg1	content					947:953	cytoplasmic content	935:953	cytoplasmic content	935:953	The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content.
28500325	5	66	with	treatment	766:774	arg1	NPs					788:790	CSS-Ag NPs	781:790	CSS-Ag NPs	781:790	The ultrastructure and morphology of the bacteria before and after treatment with CSS-Ag NPs were observed.
28500325	2	67	theme	gram-negative	362:374	arg1	bacteria					403:410	gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria	362:410	gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria	362:410	Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria.
28500325	9	68	theme	outer	1369:1373	arg1	membrane					1375:1382	a special outer membrane	1359:1382	a special outer membrane	1359:1382	Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles.
25650430	6	0	theme	β-glucan	1328:1335	arg1	BgsA					1346:1349	the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA	1321:1349	the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA	1321:1349	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	1	1	theme	calcofluor	311:320	arg1	dyes					292:295	the dyes	288:295	the dyes Congo red and calcofluor	288:320	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	6	2	theme	regulatory	1227:1236	arg1	system					1238:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	6	3	theme	posttranslational	1250:1266	arg1	regulation					1268:1277	posttranslational regulation	1250:1277	posttranslational regulation	1250:1277	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	2	4	located	found	539:543	arg1	plants					548:553	plants	548:553	plants	548:553	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	4	located	found	539:543	arg2	bacteria					502:509	bacteria	502:509	bacteria	502:509	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	4	located	found	539:543	arg1	lichens					559:565	lichens	559:565	lichens	559:565	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	4	5	theme	several	851:857	arg1	genera					859:864	several genera	851:864	several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases	851:1048	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	3	6	theme	specific	609:616	arg1	lichenase					632:640	the specific endoglucanase lichenase	605:640	the specific endoglucanase lichenase	605:640	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	6	7	theme	ExpR/SinI	1217:1225	arg1	system					1238:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	1	8	from	meliloti	158:165	arg1	bacterium					175:183	a bacterium	173:183	a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes	173:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	8	from	meliloti	158:165	arg1	increase					92:99	An artificial increase	78:99	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	78:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	2	9	theme	composition	329:339	arg1	analyses					357:364	Sugar composition and methylation analyses	323:364	Sugar composition and methylation analyses	323:364	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	3	10	theme	→	746:746	arg1	unit					758:761	1 → repeating unit	744:761	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit	696:761	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	5	11	theme	transcriptional	1094:1108	arg1	regulation					1132:1141	both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation	1089:1141	both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation	1089:1141	ML β-glucan synthesis is subjected to both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation.
25650430	4	12	theme	ML	820:821	arg1	β-glucan					823:830	this ML β-glucan	815:830	this ML β-glucan	815:830	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	3	13	theme	endoglucanase	618:630	arg1	lichenase					632:640	the specific endoglucanase lichenase	605:640	the specific endoglucanase lichenase	605:640	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	2	14	theme	ML	526:527	arg1	β-glucans					529:537	resembling ML β-glucans	515:537	resembling ML β-glucans	515:537	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	7	15	from	report	1433:1438	arg1	-β-glucan					1480:1488	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan	1443:1488	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium	1443:1512	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	3	16	theme	repeating	748:756	arg1	unit					758:761	1 → repeating unit	744:761	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit	696:761	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	4	17	theme	β-glucan	823:830	arg1	production					801:810	production	801:810	production of this ML β-glucan	801:830	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	2	18	theme	ML	460:461	arg1	-β-D-glucan					447:457	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan	410:457	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan)	410:471	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	18	theme	ML	460:461	arg1	β-glucan					463:470	ML β-glucan	460:470	ML β-glucan	460:470	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	19	theme	resembling	515:524	arg1	β-glucans					529:537	resembling ML β-glucans	515:537	resembling ML β-glucans	515:537	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	5	20	theme	β-glucan	1054:1061	arg1	synthesis					1063:1071	ML β-glucan synthesis	1051:1071	ML β-glucan synthesis	1051:1071	ML β-glucan synthesis is subjected to both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation.
25650430	7	21	dep	mixed-linkage	1452:1464	arg1	4					1478:1478	4	1478:1478	4	1478:1478	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	7	21	dep	mixed-linkage	1452:1464	arg1	1					1474:1474	1	1474:1474	1	1474:1474	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	7	21	dep	mixed-linkage	1452:1464	arg1	→					1469:1469	1 → 3	1467:1471	1 → 3	1467:1471	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	5	22	theme	posttranslational	1114:1130	arg1	regulation					1132:1141	both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation	1089:1141	both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation	1089:1141	ML β-glucan synthesis is subjected to both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation.
25650430	8	23	theme	bacterial	1559:1567	arg1	aggregation					1569:1579	bacterial aggregation	1559:1579	bacterial aggregation	1559:1579	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	8	24	from	role	1700:1703	arg1	bacteria					1727:1734	other bacteria	1721:1734	other bacteria	1721:1734	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	4	25	theme	phylogenetic	966:977	arg1	relationship					979:990	phylogenetic relationship	966:990	phylogenetic relationship	966:990	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	4	26	theme	order	877:881	arg1	Rhizobiales					883:893	the order Rhizobiales	873:893	the order Rhizobiales	873:893	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	4	27	with	transferase	926:936	arg1	resemblance					950:960	domain resemblance	943:960	domain resemblance	943:960	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	4	27	with	transferase	926:936	arg1	relationship					979:990	phylogenetic relationship	966:990	phylogenetic relationship	966:990	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	1	28	theme	artificial	81:90	arg1	bacterium					175:183	a bacterium	173:183	a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes	173:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	28	theme	artificial	81:90	arg1	increase					92:99	An artificial increase	78:99	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	78:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	4	29	theme	cellulose	1030:1038	arg1	synthases					1040:1048	bacterial cellulose synthases	1020:1048	bacterial cellulose synthases	1020:1048	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	6	30	theme	c-di-GMP	1354:1361	arg1	binding					1363:1369	c-di-GMP binding	1354:1369	c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain	1354:1394	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	6	31	theme	ML	1325:1326	arg1	BgsA					1346:1349	the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA	1321:1349	the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA	1321:1349	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	6	32	theme	exopolysaccharide/quorum	1184:1207	arg1	system					1238:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	1	33	from	levels	134:139	arg1	meliloti					158:165	Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	144:170	Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	144:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	4	34	theme	bacterial	1020:1028	arg1	synthases					1040:1048	bacterial cellulose synthases	1020:1048	bacterial cellulose synthases	1020:1048	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	2	35	theme	NMR	370:372	arg1	studies					374:380	NMR studies	370:380	NMR studies	370:380	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	0	36	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	mixed-linkage					6:18	Novel mixed-linkage	0:18	Novel mixed-linkage	0:18	Novel mixed-linkage β-glucan activated by c-di-GMP in Sinorhizobium meliloti.
25650430	7	37	theme	first	1427:1431	arg1	report					1433:1438	the first report	1423:1438	the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium	1423:1512	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	7	37	theme	first	1427:1431	arg1	this					1415:1418	this	1415:1418	this	1415:1418	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	8	38	theme	efficient	1623:1631	arg1	attachment					1633:1642	efficient attachment	1623:1642	efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant	1623:1671	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	2	39	theme	mixed-linkage	419:431	arg1	compound					398:405	this compound	393:405	this compound	393:405	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	39	theme	mixed-linkage	419:431	arg1	-β-D-glucan					447:457	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan	410:457	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan)	410:471	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	39	theme	mixed-linkage	419:431	arg1	β-glucan					463:470	ML β-glucan	460:470	ML β-glucan	460:470	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	1	40	theme	substance	267:275	arg1	overproduction					247:260	overproduction	247:260	overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor	247:320	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	6	41	theme	allosteric	1296:1305	arg1	activation					1307:1316	allosteric activation	1296:1316	allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain	1296:1394	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	8	42	theme	other	1721:1725	arg1	bacteria					1727:1734	other bacteria	1721:1734	other bacteria	1721:1734	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	1	43	theme	cyclic	104:109	arg1	levels					134:139	cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels	104:139	cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	104:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	8	44	theme	biological	1689:1698	arg1	role					1700:1703	the biological role	1685:1703	the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria	1685:1734	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	2	45	theme	linear	412:417	arg1	mixed-linkage					419:431	linear mixed-linkage	412:431	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan)	410:471	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	45	theme	linear	412:417	arg1	→					436:436	1 → 3	434:438	1 → 3	434:438	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	45	theme	linear	412:417	arg1	→					443:443	1 → 4	441:445	1 → 4	441:445	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	3	46	theme	unique	573:578	arg1	polymer					580:586	This unique polymer	568:586	This unique polymer	568:586	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	1	47	theme	diguanylate	111:121	arg1	levels					134:139	cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels	104:139	cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	104:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	3	48	theme	barley	668:673	arg1	glucan					675:680	barley glucan	668:680	barley glucan	668:680	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	8	49	theme	biofilm	1585:1591	arg1	formation					1593:1601	biofilm formation	1585:1601	biofilm formation	1585:1601	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	4	50	theme	curdlan	995:1001	arg1	synthases					1003:1011	curdlan synthases	995:1011	curdlan synthases	995:1011	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	6	51	theme	synthase	1337:1344	arg1	BgsA					1346:1349	the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA	1321:1349	the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA	1321:1349	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	7	52	theme	mixed-linkage	1452:1464	arg1	-β-glucan					1480:1488	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan	1443:1488	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium	1443:1512	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	6	53	theme	bgsBA	1144:1148	arg1	transcription					1150:1162	bgsBA transcription	1144:1162	bgsBA transcription	1144:1162	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	1	54	theme	known	205:209	arg1	genes					231:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	0	55	theme	Sinorhizobium	54:66	arg1	meliloti					68:75	Sinorhizobium meliloti	54:75	Sinorhizobium meliloti	54:75	Novel mixed-linkage β-glucan activated by c-di-GMP in Sinorhizobium meliloti.
25650430	3	56	theme	disaccharidic	698:710	arg1	-β-D-Glcp-					716:725	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-	696:742	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit	696:761	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	4	57	theme	two-gene	766:773	arg1	operon					775:780	A two-gene operon bgsBA	764:786	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan	764:830	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	3	58	dep	-β-D-Glcp-	716:725	arg1	unit					758:761	1 → repeating unit	744:761	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit	696:761	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	3	58	dep	-β-D-Glcp-	716:725	arg1	4					714:714	4	714:714	4	714:714	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	8	59	theme	meliloti	1522:1529	arg1	β-glucan					1534:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan	1515:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan	1515:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	2	60	theme	Sugar	323:327	arg1	composition					329:339	Sugar composition	323:339	Sugar composition	323:339	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	2	61	theme	methylation	345:355	arg1	analyses					357:364	Sugar composition and methylation analyses	323:364	Sugar composition and methylation analyses	323:364	Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens.
25650430	5	62	theme	ML	1051:1052	arg1	synthesis					1063:1071	ML β-glucan synthesis	1051:1071	ML β-glucan synthesis	1051:1071	ML β-glucan synthesis is subjected to both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation.
25650430	7	63	theme	linear	1445:1450	arg1	-β-glucan					1480:1488	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan	1443:1488	a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium	1443:1512	To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium.
25650430	1	64	theme	c-di-GMP	124:131	arg1	levels					134:139	cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels	104:139	cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	104:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	65	theme	red	303:305	arg1	dyes					292:295	the dyes	288:295	the dyes Congo red and calcofluor	288:320	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	66	contain	carry	199:203	arg1	bacterium					175:183	a bacterium	173:183	a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes	173:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	66	contain	carry	199:203	arg1	increase					92:99	An artificial increase	78:99	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	78:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	66	contain	carry	199:203	arg2	genes					231:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	8	67	theme	S.	1519:1520	arg1	β-glucan					1534:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan	1515:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan	1515:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	4	68	theme	domain	943:948	arg1	resemblance					950:960	domain resemblance	943:960	domain resemblance	943:960	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	1	69	theme	cellulose	211:219	arg1	genes					231:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	0	70	dep	β-glucan	20:27	arg1	activated					29:37	activated	29:37	β-glucan activated by c-di-GMP in Sinorhizobium meliloti	20:75	Novel mixed-linkage β-glucan activated by c-di-GMP in Sinorhizobium meliloti.
25650430	8	71	theme	plant	1667:1671	arg1	roots					1651:1655	the roots	1647:1655	the roots of a host plant	1647:1671	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	1	72	theme	levels	134:139	arg1	bacterium					175:183	a bacterium	173:183	a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes	173:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	72	theme	levels	134:139	arg1	increase					92:99	An artificial increase	78:99	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	78:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	73	from	increase	92:99	arg1	meliloti					158:165	Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	144:170	Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	144:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	1	74	theme	synthesis	221:229	arg1	genes					231:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	known cellulose synthesis genes	205:235	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	6	75	theme	BgsA	1346:1349	arg1	activation					1307:1316	allosteric activation	1296:1316	allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain	1296:1394	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	6	76	theme	C-terminal	1378:1387	arg1	domain					1389:1394	its C-terminal domain	1374:1394	its C-terminal domain	1374:1394	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	8	77	theme	host	1662:1665	arg1	plant					1667:1671	a host plant	1660:1671	a host plant	1660:1671	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	8	78	theme	ML	1531:1532	arg1	β-glucan					1534:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan	1515:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan	1515:1541	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
25650430	3	79	theme	→	712:712	arg1	-β-D-Glcp-					716:725	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-	696:742	a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit	696:761	This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit.
25650430	4	80	dep	operon	775:780	arg1	bgsBA					782:786	bgsBA	782:786	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan	764:830	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	6	81	theme	sensing	1209:1215	arg1	system					1238:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system	1180:1243	bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain.
25650430	1	82	theme	Sinorhizobium	144:156	arg1	meliloti					158:165	Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	144:170	Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530	144:170	An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor.
25650430	4	83	theme	glycosyl	917:924	arg1	transferase					926:936	a glycosyl transferase	915:936	a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases	915:1048	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	4	83	theme	glycosyl	917:924	arg1	bgsA					902:905	bgsA	902:905	bgsA	902:905	A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases.
25650430	8	84	theme	cellulose	1708:1716	arg1	role					1700:1703	the biological role	1685:1703	the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria	1685:1734	The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
24768094	9	0	theme	DISCUSSION	1255:1264	arg1	Loss					1266:1269	DISCUSSION Loss	1255:1269	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding	1255:1309	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	12	1	theme	flattened	1910:1918	arg1	cells					1932:1936	mostly flattened trophoblast cells	1903:1936	mostly flattened trophoblast cells	1903:1936	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	4	2	theme	flattened	633:641	arg1	cells					643:647	flattened cells	633:647	flattened cells	633:647	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	1	3	contain	has	166:168	arg2	days					194:197	26.5 days	189:197	26.5 days	189:197	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	1	3	contain	has	166:168	arg1	INTRODUCTION					134:145	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby	134:164	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby	134:164	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	1	3	contain	has	166:168	arg2	modifications					213:225	vascular modifications	204:225	vascular modifications	204:225	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	1	3	contain	has	166:168	arg2	gestation					178:186	a short gestation	170:186	a short gestation (26.5 days)	170:198	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	1	4	theme	brief	261:265	arg1	pregnancy					267:275	that brief pregnancy	256:275	that brief pregnancy	256:275	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	6	5	theme	giant	973:977	arg1	cells					979:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	9	6	theme	amurensis	1282:1290	arg1	agglutinin					1292:1301	Maackia amurensis agglutinin	1274:1301	Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding	1274:1309	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	1	7	theme	short	172:176	arg1	gestation					178:186	a short gestation	170:186	a short gestation (26.5 days)	170:198	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	1	7	theme	short	172:176	arg1	days					194:197	26.5 days	189:197	26.5 days	189:197	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	12	8	theme	vascular	1879:1886	arg1	area					1888:1891	The trilaminar vascular area	1864:1891	The trilaminar vascular area	1864:1891	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	6	9	contain	contained	992:1000	arg2	glycans					1002:1008	glycans	1002:1008	glycans	1002:1008	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	6	9	contain	contained	992:1000	arg1	these					986:990	these	986:990	these	986:990	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	9	10	theme	binding	1303:1309	arg1	Loss					1266:1269	DISCUSSION Loss	1255:1269	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding	1255:1309	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	2	11	theme	structural	306:315	arg1	attributes					317:326	trophoblast structural attributes	294:326	trophoblast structural attributes that would facilitate materno-fetal exchange	294:371	Here we examine trophoblast structural attributes that would facilitate materno-fetal exchange.
24768094	11	12	theme	trophoblast	1681:1691	arg1	cells					1693:1697	giant trophoblast cells	1675:1697	giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area	1675:1719	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	0	13	theme	histochemical	113:125	arg1	study					127:131	a morphological and lectin histochemical study	86:131	a morphological and lectin histochemical study	86:131	Trophoblast specialisations during pregnancy in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: a morphological and lectin histochemical study.
24768094	9	14	from	event	1396:1400	arg1	trophoblast					1409:1419	the trophoblast	1405:1419	the trophoblast	1405:1419	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	4	15	theme	uterine	690:696	arg1	epithelium					698:707	the underlying uterine epithelium	675:707	the underlying uterine epithelium	675:707	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	6	16	from	presence	900:907	arg1	cells					979:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	9	17	theme	terminal	1333:1340	arg1	residues					1354:1361	terminal sialic acid residues	1333:1361	terminal sialic acid residues	1333:1361	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	7	18	theme	Trophoblast	1084:1094	arg1	membranes					1102:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes	1084:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes	1084:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes bore extensive filopodia.
24768094	9	19	theme	acid	1349:1352	arg1	residues					1354:1361	terminal sialic acid residues	1333:1361	terminal sialic acid residues	1333:1361	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	12	20	contain	contained	1893:1901	arg2	cells					1932:1936	mostly flattened trophoblast cells	1903:1936	mostly flattened trophoblast cells	1903:1936	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	12	20	contain	contained	1893:1901	arg1	area					1888:1891	The trilaminar vascular area	1864:1891	The trilaminar vascular area	1864:1891	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	12	21	theme	trilaminar	1868:1877	arg1	area					1888:1891	The trilaminar vascular area	1864:1891	The trilaminar vascular area	1864:1891	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	9	22	theme	early	1369:1373	arg1	event					1396:1400	an early post-internalisation event	1366:1400	an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast	1366:1419	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	9	22	theme	early	1369:1373	arg1	cleavage					1321:1328	cleavage	1321:1328	cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues	1321:1361	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	1	23	theme	tammar	151:156	arg1	wallaby					158:164	The tammar wallaby	147:164	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby	134:164	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	5	24	theme	uterine	788:794	arg1	clefts					796:801	uterine clefts	788:801	uterine clefts	788:801	The latter appeared to penetrate uterine clefts, occasionally detach and become necrotic.
24768094	3	25	theme	26	451:452	arg1	gestation					454:462	days 23 and 26 gestation	439:462	days 23 and 26 gestation	439:462	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	0	26	theme	Trophoblast	0:10	arg1	specialisations					12:26	Trophoblast specialisations	0:26	Trophoblast specialisations	0:26	Trophoblast specialisations during pregnancy in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: a morphological and lectin histochemical study.
24768094	11	27	theme	area	1716:1719	arg1	cells					1693:1697	giant trophoblast cells	1675:1697	giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area	1675:1719	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	10	28	gly	glycosylated	1515:1526	arg1	membrane					1534:1541	the heavily glycosylated basal membrane	1503:1541	the heavily glycosylated basal membrane	1503:1541	Lectin staining indicated degradation occurred in an apical-basal direction, and the heavily glycosylated basal membrane appeared specialised for transport out of the cell.
24768094	9	29	theme	Maackia	1274:1280	arg1	agglutinin					1292:1301	Maackia amurensis agglutinin	1274:1301	Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding	1274:1309	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	4	30	theme	trophoblast	598:608	arg1	phenotypes					610:619	Two trophoblast phenotypes	594:619	Two trophoblast phenotypes	594:619	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	11	31	theme	plasma	1847:1852	arg1	membrane					1854:1861	the specialised basal plasma membrane	1825:1861	the specialised basal plasma membrane	1825:1861	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	6	32	theme	residual	931:938	arg1	bodies					940:945	residual bodies	931:945	residual bodies	931:945	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	3	33	theme	Macropus	414:421	arg1	eugenii					423:429	Macropus eugenii	414:429	Macropus eugenii	414:429	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	11	34	theme	specialised	1829:1839	arg1	membrane					1854:1861	the specialised basal plasma membrane	1825:1861	the specialised basal plasma membrane	1825:1861	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	11	35	theme	internalised	1735:1746	arg1	histiotrophe					1748:1759	internalised histiotrophe	1735:1759	internalised histiotrophe	1735:1759	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	2	36	theme	materno-fetal	350:362	arg1	exchange					364:371	materno-fetal exchange	350:371	materno-fetal exchange	350:371	Here we examine trophoblast structural attributes that would facilitate materno-fetal exchange.
24768094	0	37	theme	tammar	52:57	arg1	wallaby					59:65	the tammar wallaby	48:65	the tammar wallaby	48:65	Trophoblast specialisations during pregnancy in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: a morphological and lectin histochemical study.
24768094	12	38	theme	primary	1994:2000	arg1	function					2002:2009	its primary function	1990:2009	its primary function	1990:2009	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	6	39	theme	lysosomes	917:925	arg1	presence					900:907	the presence	896:907	the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells	896:983	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	3	40	dep	MATERIALS	374:382	arg1	specimens					401:409	Four specimens	396:409	Four specimens	396:409	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	11	41	theme	bilaminar	1706:1714	arg1	area					1716:1719	the bilaminar area	1702:1719	the bilaminar area	1702:1719	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	6	42	attach	presence	900:907	arg2	bodies					940:945	residual bodies	931:945	residual bodies	931:945	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	6	42	attach	presence	900:907	arg1	cells					979:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	6	42	attach	presence	900:907	arg2	lysosomes					917:925	many lysosomes	912:925	many lysosomes	912:925	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	1	43	theme	vascular	204:211	arg1	modifications					213:225	vascular modifications	204:225	vascular modifications	204:225	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	10	44	theme	apical-basal	1475:1486	arg1	direction					1488:1496	an apical-basal direction	1472:1496	an apical-basal direction	1472:1496	Lectin staining indicated degradation occurred in an apical-basal direction, and the heavily glycosylated basal membrane appeared specialised for transport out of the cell.
24768094	3	45	theme	glycosylated	535:546	arg1	secretions					548:557	glycosylated secretions	535:557	glycosylated secretions	535:557	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	12	46	theme	trophoblast	1920:1930	arg1	cells					1932:1936	mostly flattened trophoblast cells	1903:1936	mostly flattened trophoblast cells	1903:1936	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	6	47	theme	Lectin	845:850	arg1	histochemistry					852:865	Lectin histochemistry	845:865	Lectin histochemistry	845:865	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	11	48	theme	giant	1675:1679	arg1	cells					1693:1697	giant trophoblast cells	1675:1697	giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area	1675:1719	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	6	49	theme	trophoblast	961:971	arg1	cells					979:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	trophoblast giant cells	961:983	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	9	50	theme	agglutinin	1292:1301	arg1	binding					1303:1309	Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding	1274:1309	Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding	1274:1309	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	8	51	theme	trilaminar	1179:1188	arg1	areas					1190:1194	vascular trilaminar areas	1170:1194	vascular trilaminar areas	1170:1194	Giant cells were less common in vascular trilaminar areas and here the trophoblast barrier became thinner near term.
24768094	4	52	theme	giant	713:717	arg1	cells					719:723	giant cells	713:723	giant cells	713:723	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	10	53	theme	basal	1528:1532	arg1	membrane					1534:1541	the heavily glycosylated basal membrane	1503:1541	the heavily glycosylated basal membrane	1503:1541	Lectin staining indicated degradation occurred in an apical-basal direction, and the heavily glycosylated basal membrane appeared specialised for transport out of the cell.
24768094	10	54	theme	glycosylated	1515:1526	arg1	membrane					1534:1541	the heavily glycosylated basal membrane	1503:1541	the heavily glycosylated basal membrane	1503:1541	Lectin staining indicated degradation occurred in an apical-basal direction, and the heavily glycosylated basal membrane appeared specialised for transport out of the cell.
24768094	2	55	theme	trophoblast	294:304	arg1	attributes					317:326	trophoblast structural attributes	294:326	trophoblast structural attributes that would facilitate materno-fetal exchange	294:371	Here we examine trophoblast structural attributes that would facilitate materno-fetal exchange.
24768094	4	56	with	contact	662:668	arg1	epithelium					698:707	the underlying uterine epithelium	675:707	the underlying uterine epithelium	675:707	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	4	56	with	contact	662:668	arg1	cells					719:723	giant cells	713:723	giant cells	713:723	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	4	57	theme	underlying	679:688	arg1	epithelium					698:707	the underlying uterine epithelium	675:707	the underlying uterine epithelium	675:707	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	7	58	theme	extensive	1117:1125	arg1	filopodia					1127:1135	extensive filopodia	1117:1135	extensive filopodia	1117:1135	Trophoblast basal membranes bore extensive filopodia.
24768094	9	59	theme	sialic	1342:1347	arg1	residues					1354:1361	terminal sialic acid residues	1333:1361	terminal sialic acid residues	1333:1361	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	7	60	theme	basal	1096:1100	arg1	membranes					1102:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes	1084:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes	1084:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes bore extensive filopodia.
24768094	9	61	theme	residues	1354:1361	arg1	event					1396:1400	an early post-internalisation event	1366:1400	an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast	1366:1419	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	9	61	theme	residues	1354:1361	arg1	cleavage					1321:1328	cleavage	1321:1328	cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues	1321:1361	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	11	62	theme	CONCLUSION	1595:1604	arg1	Granules					1606:1613	CONCLUSION Granules	1595:1613	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically	1595:1656	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	8	63	from	common	1160:1165	arg1	areas					1190:1194	vascular trilaminar areas	1170:1194	vascular trilaminar areas	1170:1194	Giant cells were less common in vascular trilaminar areas and here the trophoblast barrier became thinner near term.
24768094	9	64	theme	post-internalisation	1375:1394	arg1	event					1396:1400	an early post-internalisation event	1366:1400	an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast	1366:1419	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	9	64	theme	post-internalisation	1375:1394	arg1	cleavage					1321:1328	cleavage	1321:1328	cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues	1321:1361	DISCUSSION Loss of Maackia amurensis agglutinin binding suggested cleavage of terminal sialic acid residues as an early post-internalisation event in the trophoblast.
24768094	0	65	dep	study	127:131	arg1	specialisations					12:26	Trophoblast specialisations	0:26	Trophoblast specialisations	0:26	Trophoblast specialisations during pregnancy in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: a morphological and lectin histochemical study.
24768094	6	66	theme	cell	1071:1074	arg1	debris					1076:1081	cell debris	1071:1081	cell debris	1071:1081	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	0	67	from	specialisations	12:26	arg1	wallaby					59:65	the tammar wallaby	48:65	the tammar wallaby	48:65	Trophoblast specialisations during pregnancy in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: a morphological and lectin histochemical study.
24768094	0	68	theme	morphological	88:100	arg1	study					127:131	a morphological and lectin histochemical study	86:131	a morphological and lectin histochemical study	86:131	Trophoblast specialisations during pregnancy in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii: a morphological and lectin histochemical study.
24768094	4	69	located	found	626:630	arg2	phenotypes					610:619	Two trophoblast phenotypes	594:619	Two trophoblast phenotypes	594:619	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	4	69	located	found	626:630	arg1	contact					662:668	contact	662:668	contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe	662:752	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	8	70	from	areas	1190:1194	arg1	common					1160:1165	common	1160:1165	common	1160:1165	Giant cells were less common in vascular trilaminar areas and here the trophoblast barrier became thinner near term.
24768094	3	71	gly	glycosylated	535:546	arg1	secretions					548:557	glycosylated secretions	535:557	glycosylated secretions	535:557	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	1	72	dep	INTRODUCTION	134:145	arg1	wallaby					158:164	The tammar wallaby	147:164	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby	134:164	INTRODUCTION The tammar wallaby has a short gestation (26.5 days) and vascular modifications to expedite transport during that brief pregnancy.
24768094	7	73	contain	bore	1112:1115	arg1	membranes					1102:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes	1084:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes	1084:1110	Trophoblast basal membranes bore extensive filopodia.
24768094	7	73	contain	bore	1112:1115	arg2	filopodia					1127:1135	extensive filopodia	1117:1135	extensive filopodia	1117:1135	Trophoblast basal membranes bore extensive filopodia.
24768094	8	74	theme	Giant	1138:1142	arg1	cells					1144:1148	Giant cells	1138:1148	Giant cells	1138:1148	Giant cells were less common in vascular trilaminar areas and here the trophoblast barrier became thinner near term.
24768094	4	75	dep	RESULTS	586:592	arg1	found					626:630	found	626:630	found	626:630	RESULTS Two trophoblast phenotypes were found, flattened cells generally in contact with the underlying uterine epithelium and giant cells associated with histiotrophe.
24768094	10	76	theme	Lectin	1422:1427	arg1	staining					1429:1436	Lectin staining	1422:1436	Lectin staining	1422:1436	Lectin staining indicated degradation occurred in an apical-basal direction, and the heavily glycosylated basal membrane appeared specialised for transport out of the cell.
24768094	11	77	theme	basal	1841:1845	arg1	membrane					1854:1861	the specialised basal plasma membrane	1825:1861	the specialised basal plasma membrane	1825:1861	CONCLUSION Granules seen ultrastructurally and histochemically, particularly in giant trophoblast cells of the bilaminar area, suggest that internalised histiotrophe is broken down here and nutrients transferred to the embryo via the specialised basal plasma membrane.
24768094	3	78	theme	electron	484:491	arg1	microscopy					493:502	electron microscopy	484:502	electron microscopy	484:502	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	8	79	theme	vascular	1170:1177	arg1	areas					1190:1194	vascular trilaminar areas	1170:1194	vascular trilaminar areas	1170:1194	Giant cells were less common in vascular trilaminar areas and here the trophoblast barrier became thinner near term.
24768094	6	80	theme	bodies	940:945	arg1	presence					900:907	the presence	896:907	the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells	896:983	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	3	81	theme	days	439:442	arg1	gestation					454:462	days 23 and 26 gestation	439:462	days 23 and 26 gestation	439:462	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	12	82	theme	gaseous	1970:1976	arg1	exchange					1978:1985	gaseous exchange	1970:1985	gaseous exchange	1970:1985	The trilaminar vascular area contained mostly flattened trophoblast cells, supporting the suggestion that gaseous exchange is its primary function.
24768094	3	83	theme	eugenii	423:429	arg1	METHODS					388:394	METHODS	388:394	METHODS	388:394	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	3	83	theme	eugenii	423:429	arg1	MATERIALS					374:382	MATERIALS	374:382	MATERIALS	374:382	MATERIALS AND METHODS Four specimens of Macropus eugenii between days 23 and 26 gestation were examined using electron microscopy and 24 lectins to characterise glycosylated secretions and their internalisation.
24768094	6	84	theme	many	912:915	arg1	lysosomes					917:925	many lysosomes	912:925	many lysosomes	912:925	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	6	85	located	detected	1044:1051	arg2	glycans					1002:1008	glycans	1002:1008	glycans	1002:1008	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	6	85	located	detected	1044:1051	arg1	secretions					1056:1065	secretions	1056:1065	secretions	1056:1065	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	6	85	located	detected	1044:1051	arg1	debris					1076:1081	cell debris	1071:1081	cell debris	1071:1081	Lectin histochemistry and ultrastructure indicated the presence of many lysosomes and residual bodies especially in trophoblast giant cells; these contained glycans, mainly apically, which were also detected in secretions and cell debris.
24768094	8	86	theme	trophoblast	1209:1219	arg1	barrier					1221:1227	here the trophoblast barrier	1200:1227	here the trophoblast barrier	1200:1227	Giant cells were less common in vascular trilaminar areas and here the trophoblast barrier became thinner near term.
27712409	7	0	theme	scaffold	1257:1264	arg1	properties					1239:1248	the mechanical properties	1224:1248	the mechanical properties of the scaffold	1224:1264	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	10	1	theme	stem	1986:1989	arg1	differentiation					1996:2010	stem cell differentiation	1986:2010	stem cell differentiation	1986:2010	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	8	2	with	Functionalization	1449:1465	arg1	collagen					1472:1479	collagen	1472:1479	collagen	1472:1479	Functionalization with collagen improved stem cell recruitment into the scaffold and facilitated more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition throughout the construct.
27712409	1	3	theme	fibrocartilaginous	169:186	arg1	challenge					227:235	a challenge	225:235	a challenge in orthopedic medicine	225:258	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	3	theme	fibrocartilaginous	169:186	arg1	cartilage					155:163	Regenerating articular cartilage	132:163	Regenerating articular cartilage	132:163	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	3	theme	fibrocartilaginous	169:186	arg1	tissue					188:193	fibrocartilaginous tissue	169:193	fibrocartilaginous tissue	169:193	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	0	4	theme	Type	81:84	arg1	Collagen					89:96	Type II Collagen	81:96	Type II Collagen	81:96	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds Functionalized with Either Type I or Type II Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.
27712409	8	5	theme	tissue	1572:1577	arg1	deposition					1579:1588	more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition	1546:1588	more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition	1546:1588	Functionalization with collagen improved stem cell recruitment into the scaffold and facilitated more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition throughout the construct.
27712409	9	6	theme	collagen	1717:1724	arg1	accumulation					1726:1737	higher sGAG and collagen accumulation	1701:1737	accumulation	1726:1737	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	5	7	theme	stem	904:907	arg1	differentiation					914:928	stem cell differentiation	904:928	stem cell differentiation	904:928	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	8	8	theme	cartilage	1562:1570	arg1	deposition					1579:1588	more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition	1546:1588	more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition	1546:1588	Functionalization with collagen improved stem cell recruitment into the scaffold and facilitated more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition throughout the construct.
27712409	6	9	theme	alginate	1029:1036	arg1	cross-linking					1015:1027	covalent cross-linking alginate	1006:1036	covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry	1006:1065	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
27712409	6	10	theme	directional	1128:1138	arg1	technique					1149:1157	a directional freezing technique	1126:1157	a directional freezing technique	1126:1157	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
27712409	7	11	theme	isotropic	1371:1379	arg1	geometry					1399:1406	an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry	1368:1406	an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry	1368:1406	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	9	12	theme	greater	1673:1679	arg1	proliferation					1686:1698	greater cell proliferation	1673:1698	greater cell proliferation	1673:1698	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	3	13	theme	challenging	540:550	arg1	environments					558:569	mechanically challenging joint environments	527:569	mechanically challenging joint environments	527:569	Furthermore, many of these scaffolds are not designed to function in mechanically challenging joint environments.
27712409	4	14	theme	study	597:601	arg1	goal					584:587	The overall goal	572:587	The overall goal of this study	572:601	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	7	15	theme	glycosaminoglycans	1306:1323	arg1	levels					1287:1292	higher levels	1280:1292	higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells	1280:1446	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	3	16	theme	joint	552:556	arg1	environments					558:569	mechanically challenging joint environments	527:569	mechanically challenging joint environments	527:569	Furthermore, many of these scaffolds are not designed to function in mechanically challenging joint environments.
27712409	0	17	theme	Anisotropic	0:10	arg1	Scaffolds					34:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds	0:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds	0:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds Functionalized with Either Type I or Type II Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.
27712409	6	18	theme	covalent	1006:1013	arg1	cross-linking					1015:1027	covalent cross-linking alginate	1006:1036	covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry	1006:1065	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
27712409	0	19	theme	Tissue	112:117	arg1	Engineering					119:129	Cartilage Tissue Engineering	102:129	Cartilage Tissue Engineering	102:129	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds Functionalized with Either Type I or Type II Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.
27712409	5	20	theme	cell	909:912	arg1	differentiation					914:928	stem cell differentiation	904:928	stem cell differentiation	904:928	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	4	21	theme	porous	620:625	arg1	scaffold					662:669	a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold	618:669	a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration	618:706	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	2	22	theme	scaffolds	288:296	arg1	range					269:273	a range	267:273	a range of different scaffolds	267:296	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	4	23	theme	alginate	653:660	arg1	scaffold					662:669	a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold	618:669	a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration	618:706	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	0	24	theme	Cartilage	102:110	arg1	Engineering					119:129	Cartilage Tissue Engineering	102:129	Cartilage Tissue Engineering	102:129	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds Functionalized with Either Type I or Type II Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.
27712409	2	25	theme	different	278:286	arg1	scaffolds					288:296	different scaffolds	278:296	different scaffolds	278:296	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	7	26	theme	mechanical	1228:1237	arg1	properties					1239:1248	the mechanical properties	1224:1248	the mechanical properties of the scaffold	1224:1264	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	0	27	theme	Shape-Memory	12:23	arg1	Scaffolds					34:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds	0:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds	0:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds Functionalized with Either Type I or Type II Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.
27712409	9	28	theme	stiffer	1765:1771	arg1	tissue					1773:1778	a stiffer tissue	1763:1778	a stiffer tissue	1763:1778	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	5	29	theme	chondrogenic	941:952	arg1	lineage					954:960	the chondrogenic lineage	937:960	the chondrogenic lineage	937:960	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	5	30	theme	extracellular	868:880	arg1	cues					889:892	extracellular matrix cues	868:892	extracellular matrix cues	868:892	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	2	31	theme	articular	437:445	arg1	cartilage					447:455	articular cartilage	437:455	articular cartilage	437:455	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	10	32	theme	cartilaginous	2051:2063	arg1	tissues					2065:2071	complex cartilaginous tissues	2043:2071	complex cartilaginous tissues	2043:2071	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	2	33	theme	joint	322:326	arg1	repair					328:333	joint repair	322:333	joint repair	322:333	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	2	34	theme	tissue	379:384	arg1	development					362:372	the development	358:372	the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage	358:455	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	10	35	theme	complex	2043:2049	arg1	tissues					2065:2071	complex cartilaginous tissues	2043:2071	complex cartilaginous tissues	2043:2071	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	9	36	theme	cell	1681:1684	arg1	proliferation					1686:1698	greater cell proliferation	1673:1698	greater cell proliferation	1673:1698	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	7	37	theme	human	1431:1435	arg1	cells					1442:1446	adult human stem cells	1425:1446	adult human stem cells	1425:1446	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	2	38	theme	tissues	421:427	arg1	complexity					402:411	the complexity	398:411	the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage	398:455	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	0	39	theme	Alginate	25:32	arg1	Scaffolds					34:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds	0:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds	0:42	Anisotropic Shape-Memory Alginate Scaffolds Functionalized with Either Type I or Type II Collagen for Cartilage Tissue Engineering.
27712409	4	40	theme	overall	576:582	arg1	goal					584:587	The overall goal	572:587	The overall goal of this study	572:601	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	9	41	theme	type	1630:1633	arg1	collagen					1638:1645	type II collagen	1630:1645	type II collagen	1630:1645	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	8	42	theme	cell	1495:1498	arg1	recruitment					1500:1510	stem cell recruitment	1490:1510	stem cell recruitment	1490:1510	Functionalization with collagen improved stem cell recruitment into the scaffold and facilitated more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition throughout the construct.
27712409	7	43	theme	stem	1437:1440	arg1	cells					1442:1446	adult human stem cells	1425:1446	adult human stem cells	1425:1446	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	2	44	theme	soft	416:419	arg1	cartilage					447:455	articular cartilage	437:455	articular cartilage	437:455	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	2	44	theme	soft	416:419	arg1	tissues					421:427	soft tissues	416:427	soft tissues such as articular cartilage	416:455	While a range of different scaffolds have been developed for joint repair, none have facilitated the development of a tissue that mimics the complexity of soft tissues such as articular cartilage.
27712409	9	45	theme	tissue	1773:1778	arg1	accumulation					1726:1737	higher sGAG and collagen accumulation	1701:1737	accumulation	1726:1737	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	9	45	theme	tissue	1773:1778	arg1	development					1748:1758	the development	1744:1758	the development of a stiffer tissue	1744:1778	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	9	45	theme	tissue	1773:1778	arg1	proliferation					1686:1698	greater cell proliferation	1673:1698	greater cell proliferation	1673:1698	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	9	45	theme	tissue	1773:1778	arg1	sGAG					1708:1711	higher sGAG and collagen accumulation	1701:1737	sGAG	1708:1711	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	8	46	theme	stem	1490:1493	arg1	recruitment					1500:1510	stem cell recruitment	1490:1510	stem cell recruitment	1490:1510	Functionalization with collagen improved stem cell recruitment into the scaffold and facilitated more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition throughout the construct.
27712409	10	47	theme	study	1859:1863	arg1	results					1843:1849	The results	1839:1849	The results of this study	1839:1863	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	5	48	theme	matrix	882:887	arg1	cues					889:892	extracellular matrix cues	868:892	extracellular matrix cues	868:892	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	5	49	theme	cellular	779:786	arg1	alignment					803:811	cellular and neo-tissue alignment	779:811	cellular and neo-tissue alignment	779:811	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	6	50	theme	Shape-memory	963:974	arg1	properties					976:985	Shape-memory properties	963:985	Shape-memory properties	963:985	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
27712409	7	51	theme	adult	1425:1429	arg1	cells					1442:1446	adult human stem cells	1425:1446	adult human stem cells	1425:1446	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	10	52	theme	tissues	2065:2071	arg1	development					2028:2038	the development	2024:2038	the development of complex cartilaginous tissues	2024:2071	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	7	53	theme	collagen	1336:1343	arg1	deposition					1345:1354	collagen deposition	1336:1354	collagen deposition	1336:1354	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	7	54	theme	aligned	1180:1186	arg1	structure					1193:1201	such an aligned pore structure	1172:1201	such an aligned pore structure	1172:1201	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	5	55	theme	cues	889:892	arg1	range					859:863	a range	857:863	a range of extracellular matrix cues	857:892	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	9	56	theme	I	1827:1827	arg1	collagen					1829:1836	type I collagen	1822:1836	type I collagen	1822:1836	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	7	57	dep	isotropic	1371:1379	arg1	nonaligned					1382:1391	nonaligned	1382:1391	nonaligned	1382:1391	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	1	58	from	challenge	227:235	arg1	medicine					251:258	orthopedic medicine	240:258	orthopedic medicine	240:258	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	3	59	theme	scaffolds	485:493	arg1	scaffolds					485:493	these scaffolds	479:493	these scaffolds	479:493	Furthermore, many of these scaffolds are not designed to function in mechanically challenging joint environments.
27712409	3	59	theme	scaffolds	485:493	arg1	many					471:474	many	471:474	many	471:474	Furthermore, many of these scaffolds are not designed to function in mechanically challenging joint environments.
27712409	5	60	theme	neo-tissue	792:801	arg1	alignment					803:811	cellular and neo-tissue alignment	779:811	cellular and neo-tissue alignment	779:811	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	10	61	theme	cell	1991:1994	arg1	differentiation					1996:2010	stem cell differentiation	1986:2010	stem cell differentiation	1986:2010	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	4	62	dep	porous	620:625	arg1	biomimetic					628:637	biomimetic	628:637	biomimetic	628:637	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	4	62	dep	porous	620:625	arg1	shape-memory					640:651	shape-memory	640:651	shape-memory	640:651	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	7	63	theme	sulfated	1297:1304	arg1	sGAG					1326:1329	sGAG	1326:1329	sGAG	1326:1329	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	7	63	theme	sulfated	1297:1304	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					1306:1323	sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1297:1323	sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG)	1297:1330	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	7	64	theme	pore	1188:1191	arg1	structure					1193:1201	such an aligned pore structure	1172:1201	such an aligned pore structure	1172:1201	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	10	65	theme	alginate	1958:1965	arg1	scaffold					1967:1974	a shape-memory alginate scaffold	1943:1974	a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues	1943:2071	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	7	66	theme	pore	1394:1397	arg1	geometry					1399:1406	an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry	1368:1406	an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry	1368:1406	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	1	67	theme	Regenerating	132:143	arg1	tissue					188:193	fibrocartilaginous tissue	169:193	fibrocartilaginous tissue	169:193	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	67	theme	Regenerating	132:143	arg1	cartilage					155:163	Regenerating articular cartilage	132:163	Regenerating articular cartilage	132:163	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	67	theme	Regenerating	132:143	arg1	challenge					227:235	a challenge	225:235	a challenge in orthopedic medicine	225:258	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	10	68	theme	shape-memory	1945:1956	arg1	scaffold					1967:1974	a shape-memory alginate scaffold	1943:1974	a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues	1943:2071	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	6	69	theme	scaffold	1098:1105	arg1	architecture					1078:1089	the architecture	1074:1089	the architecture of the scaffold	1074:1105	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
27712409	1	70	theme	articular	145:153	arg1	tissue					188:193	fibrocartilaginous tissue	169:193	fibrocartilaginous tissue	169:193	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	70	theme	articular	145:153	arg1	cartilage					155:163	Regenerating articular cartilage	132:163	Regenerating articular cartilage	132:163	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	70	theme	articular	145:153	arg1	challenge					227:235	a challenge	225:235	a challenge in orthopedic medicine	225:258	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	1	71	theme	orthopedic	240:249	arg1	medicine					251:258	orthopedic medicine	240:258	orthopedic medicine	240:258	Regenerating articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous tissue such as the meniscus is still a challenge in orthopedic medicine.
27712409	9	72	theme	type	1822:1825	arg1	collagen					1829:1836	type I collagen	1822:1836	type I collagen	1822:1836	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	9	73	theme	higher	1701:1706	arg1	sGAG					1708:1711	higher sGAG and collagen accumulation	1701:1737	sGAG	1708:1711	Incorporating type II collagen into the scaffolds led to greater cell proliferation, higher sGAG and collagen accumulation, and the development of a stiffer tissue compared to scaffolds functionalized with type I collagen.
27712409	7	74	theme	deposition	1345:1354	arg1	levels					1287:1292	higher levels	1280:1292	higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells	1280:1446	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	4	75	theme	cartilage	685:693	arg1	regeneration					695:706	cartilage regeneration	685:706	cartilage regeneration	685:706	The overall goal of this study was to develop a porous, biomimetic, shape-memory alginate scaffold for directing cartilage regeneration.
27712409	5	76	theme	architectural	751:763	arg1	cues					765:768	architectural cues	751:768	architectural cues	751:768	To this end, a scaffold was designed with architectural cues to guide cellular and neo-tissue alignment, which was additionally functionalized with a range of extracellular matrix cues to direct stem cell differentiation toward the chondrogenic lineage.
27712409	8	77	theme	homogenous	1551:1560	arg1	deposition					1579:1588	more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition	1546:1588	more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition	1546:1588	Functionalization with collagen improved stem cell recruitment into the scaffold and facilitated more homogenous cartilage tissue deposition throughout the construct.
27712409	10	78	theme	scaffold	1886:1893	arg1	architecture					1895:1906	scaffold architecture	1886:1906	scaffold architecture	1886:1906	The results of this study demonstrate how both scaffold architecture and composition can be tailored in a shape-memory alginate scaffold to direct stem cell differentiation and support the development of complex cartilaginous tissues.
27712409	6	79	theme	freezing	1140:1147	arg1	technique					1149:1157	a directional freezing technique	1126:1157	a directional freezing technique	1126:1157	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
27712409	7	80	theme	higher	1280:1285	arg1	levels					1287:1292	higher levels	1280:1292	higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells	1280:1446	Introducing such an aligned pore structure was found to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffold, and promoted higher levels of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and collagen deposition compared to an isotropic (nonaligned) pore geometry when seeded with adult human stem cells.
27712409	6	81	theme	carbodiimide	1044:1055	arg1	chemistry					1057:1065	carbodiimide chemistry	1044:1065	carbodiimide chemistry	1044:1065	Shape-memory properties were introduced by covalent cross-linking alginate using carbodiimide chemistry, while the architecture of the scaffold was modified using a directional freezing technique.
25661882	2	0	theme	model	529:533	arg1	P<0.01					550:555	P<0.01	550:555	P<0.01	550:555	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	2	0	theme	model	529:533	arg1	group					543:547	model control group	529:547	model control group (P<0.01)	529:556	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	6	1	from	metabolisms	1422:1432	arg1	rats					1446:1449	diabetic rats	1437:1449	diabetic rats	1437:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	5	2	theme	mechanism	1018:1026	arg1	study					1028:1032	The mechanism study	1014:1032	The mechanism study	1014:1032	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	1	3	theme	biological	159:168	arg1	glucose					197:203	blood glucose	191:203	blood glucose	191:203	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	3	theme	biological	159:168	arg1	composition					213:223	lipids composition	206:223	lipids composition	206:223	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	3	theme	biological	159:168	arg1	stress					239:244	oxidative stress	229:244	oxidative stress	229:244	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	3	theme	biological	159:168	arg1	parameters					170:179	biological parameters	159:179	biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats	159:268	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	5	4	theme	level	1075:1079	arg1	lowering					1049:1056	the lowering	1045:1056	the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS	1045:1110	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	1	5	theme	diabetic	256:263	arg1	rats					265:268	type 2 diabetic rats	249:268	type 2 diabetic rats	249:268	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	5	6	from	level	1075:1079	arg1	rats					1093:1096	diabetic rats	1084:1096	diabetic rats	1084:1096	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	3	7	theme	genes	721:725	arg1	levels					664:669	the expression levels	649:669	the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2,	649:788	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	6	8	theme	first	1332:1336	arg1	time					1338:1341	the first time	1328:1341	the first time	1328:1341	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	6	9	theme	glucose	1403:1409	arg1	metabolisms					1422:1432	glucose and lipids metabolisms	1403:1432	glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats	1403:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	6	10	theme	RS	1497:1498	arg1	consumption					1500:1510	RS consumption	1497:1510	RS consumption	1497:1510	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	1	11	theme	rats	265:268	arg1	glucose					197:203	blood glucose	191:203	blood glucose	191:203	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	11	theme	rats	265:268	arg1	composition					213:223	lipids composition	206:223	lipids composition	206:223	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	11	theme	rats	265:268	arg1	stress					239:244	oxidative stress	229:244	oxidative stress	229:244	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	4	12	theme	gene	974:977	arg1	G6PC1					979:983	gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1	958:983	gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1	958:983	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	12	theme	gene	974:977	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	13	theme	gene	908:911	arg1	SREBP-1					913:919	metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	889:919	metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	889:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	13	theme	gene	908:911	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	3	14	theme	lipid	605:609	arg1	metabolism					611:620	lipid metabolism	605:620	lipid metabolism	605:620	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	2	15	theme	blood	307:311	arg1	level					321:325	blood glucose level	307:325	blood glucose level	307:325	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	4	16	theme	gluconeogenesis	958:972	arg1	G6PC1					979:983	gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1	958:983	gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1	958:983	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	16	theme	gluconeogenesis	958:972	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	0	17	from	expression	76:85	arg1	rats					99:102	diabetic rats	90:102	diabetic rats	90:102	Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats.
25661882	4	18	theme	metabolism-related	889:906	arg1	SREBP-1					913:919	metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	889:919	metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	889:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	18	theme	metabolism-related	889:906	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	3	19	theme	genes	575:579	arg1	analyses					563:570	The analyses	559:570	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways	559:629	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	5	20	theme	lipid	1260:1264	arg1	oxidation					1266:1274	lipid oxidation	1260:1274	lipid oxidation	1260:1274	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	5	21	from	rats	1093:1096	arg1	lowering					1049:1056	the lowering	1045:1056	the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS	1045:1110	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	2	22	theme	triglycerides	350:362	arg1	concentrations					364:377	total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations	328:377	total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations	328:377	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	6	23	theme	consumption	1500:1510	arg1	level					1488:1492	a moderate level	1477:1492	a moderate level of RS consumption	1477:1510	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	2	24	theme	lipoprotein	419:429	arg1	concentration					443:455	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration	406:455	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration	406:455	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	2	25	theme	cholesterol	431:441	arg1	concentration					443:455	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration	406:455	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration	406:455	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	0	26	theme	genes	70:74	arg1	expression					76:85	hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression	29:85	hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats	29:102	Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats.
25661882	4	27	theme	fatty	845:849	arg1	acids					851:855	fatty acids	845:855	fatty acids	845:855	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	6	28	theme	moderate	1479:1486	arg1	level					1488:1492	a moderate level	1477:1492	a moderate level of RS consumption	1477:1510	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	1	29	theme	blood	191:195	arg1	glucose					197:203	blood glucose	191:203	blood glucose	191:203	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	4	30	dep	triglycerides	861:873	arg1	SREBP-1					913:919	metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	889:919	metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	889:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	30	dep	triglycerides	861:873	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	30	dep	triglycerides	861:873	arg1	synthesis					875:883	synthesis	875:883	synthesis	875:883	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	3	31	theme	glucose	593:599	arg1	pathways					622:629	glucose and lipid metabolism pathways	593:629	glucose and lipid metabolism pathways	593:629	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	3	32	theme	insulin-induced	746:760	arg1	Insig-1					769:775	Insig-1	769:775	Insig-1	769:775	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	3	32	theme	insulin-induced	746:760	arg1	genes					762:766	insulin-induced genes	746:766	insulin-induced genes	746:766	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	3	32	theme	insulin-induced	746:760	arg1	Insig-2					781:787	Insig-2	781:787	Insig-2	781:787	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	2	33	theme	high-density	406:417	arg1	concentration					443:455	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration	406:455	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration	406:455	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	0	34	theme	Resistant	0:8	arg1	starch					10:15	Resistant starch	0:15	Resistant starch	0:15	Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats.
25661882	5	35	theme	increased	1202:1210	arg1	metabolism					1218:1227	the increased lipid metabolism	1198:1227	the increased lipid metabolism	1198:1227	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	5	36	theme	glucose	1067:1073	arg1	level					1075:1079	blood glucose level	1061:1079	blood glucose level in diabetic rats	1061:1096	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	0	37	theme	hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia	29:56	arg1	expression					76:85	hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression	29:85	hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats	29:102	Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats.
25661882	5	38	theme	lipid	1212:1216	arg1	metabolism					1218:1227	the increased lipid metabolism	1198:1227	the increased lipid metabolism	1198:1227	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	4	39	theme	gene	943:946	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	39	theme	gene	943:946	arg1	Fads1					948:952	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	5	40	theme	blood	1061:1065	arg1	level					1075:1079	blood glucose level	1061:1079	blood glucose level in diabetic rats	1061:1096	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	2	41	theme	glucose	313:319	arg1	level					321:325	blood glucose level	307:325	blood glucose level	307:325	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	1	42	theme	lipids	206:211	arg1	composition					213:223	lipids composition	206:223	lipids composition	206:223	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	3	43	theme	genes	762:766	arg1	levels					664:669	the expression levels	649:669	the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2,	649:788	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	4	44	theme	synthesis	933:941	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	44	theme	synthesis	933:941	arg1	Fads1					948:952	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	3	45	theme	oxidation	680:688	arg1	Acox1					695:699	lipid oxidation gene Acox1	674:699	lipid oxidation gene Acox1	674:699	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	1	46	theme	resistant	119:127	arg1	RS					137:138	RS	137:138	RS	137:138	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	46	theme	resistant	119:127	arg1	starch					129:134	resistant starch	119:134	resistant starch (RS) administration	119:154	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	0	47	theme	related	62:68	arg1	genes					70:74	related genes	62:74	related genes	62:74	Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats.
25661882	6	48	theme	genes	1374:1378	arg1	regulation					1352:1361	the regulation	1348:1361	the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats	1348:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	3	49	theme	gene	690:693	arg1	Acox1					695:699	lipid oxidation gene Acox1	674:699	lipid oxidation gene Acox1	674:699	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	5	50	from	lowering	1049:1056	arg1	rats					1093:1096	diabetic rats	1084:1096	diabetic rats	1084:1096	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	2	51	theme	group	511:515	arg1	rats					485:488	the rats	481:488	the rats of RS administration group	481:515	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	6	52	theme	diabetic	1437:1444	arg1	rats					1446:1449	diabetic rats	1437:1449	diabetic rats	1437:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	6	53	theme	hepatic	1366:1372	arg1	genes					1374:1378	hepatic genes	1366:1378	hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats	1366:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	6	53	theme	hepatic	1366:1372	arg1	expression					1380:1389	expression	1380:1389	expression	1380:1389	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	1	54	theme	oxidative	229:237	arg1	stress					239:244	oxidative stress	229:244	oxidative stress	229:244	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	2	55	theme	administration	496:509	arg1	group					511:515	RS administration group	493:515	RS administration group	493:515	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	6	56	theme	lipids	1415:1420	arg1	metabolisms					1422:1432	glucose and lipids metabolisms	1403:1432	glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats	1403:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	3	57	theme	lipid	674:678	arg1	Acox1					695:699	lipid oxidation gene Acox1	674:699	lipid oxidation gene Acox1	674:699	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	2	58	dep	increased	468:476	arg1	compared					517:524	compared	517:524	compared to model control group (P<0.01)	517:556	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	1	59	theme	starch	129:134	arg1	administration					141:154	resistant starch (RS) administration	119:154	resistant starch (RS) administration	119:154	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	2	60	theme	RS	493:494	arg1	group					511:515	RS administration group	493:515	RS administration group	493:515	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	5	61	theme	glycogen	1143:1150	arg1	synthesis					1152:1160	glycogen synthesis	1143:1160	glycogen synthesis	1143:1160	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	3	62	theme	glycogen	702:709	arg1	genes					721:725	glycogen synthesis genes	702:725	glycogen synthesis genes	702:725	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	3	63	theme	metabolism	611:620	arg1	pathways					622:629	glucose and lipid metabolism pathways	593:629	glucose and lipid metabolism pathways	593:629	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	6	64	dep	involved	1391:1398	arg1	genes					1374:1378	hepatic genes	1366:1378	hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats	1366:1449	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	6	64	dep	involved	1391:1398	arg1	expression					1380:1389	expression	1380:1389	expression	1380:1389	Our study revealed for the first time that the regulation of hepatic genes expression involved in glucose and lipids metabolisms in diabetic rats could be achieved even at a moderate level of RS consumption.
25661882	4	65	theme	acid	928:931	arg1	triglycerides					861:873	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1	861:919	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	4	65	theme	acid	928:931	arg1	Fads1					948:952	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	3	66	theme	synthesis	711:719	arg1	genes					721:725	glycogen synthesis genes	702:725	glycogen synthesis genes	702:725	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	3	67	theme	expression	653:662	arg1	levels					664:669	the expression levels	649:669	the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2,	649:788	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	2	68	theme	cholesterol	334:344	arg1	concentrations					364:377	total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations	328:377	total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations	328:377	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	4	69	theme	fatty	922:926	arg1	acid					928:931	fatty acid	922:931	fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1	922:952	In contrast, fatty acids and triglycerides synthesis and metabolism-related gene SREBP-1, fatty acid synthesis gene Fads1 and gluconeogenesis gene G6PC1 were greatly down-regulated.
25661882	3	70	theme	Acox1	695:699	arg1	levels					664:669	the expression levels	649:669	the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2,	649:788	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	2	71	theme	total	328:332	arg1	cholesterol					334:344	total cholesterol	328:344	total cholesterol	328:344	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	0	72	theme	diabetic	90:97	arg1	rats					99:102	diabetic rats	90:102	diabetic rats	90:102	Resistant starch manipulated hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia and related genes expression in diabetic rats.
25661882	5	73	theme	diabetic	1084:1091	arg1	rats					1093:1096	diabetic rats	1084:1096	diabetic rats	1084:1096	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	3	74	dep	up-regulated	809:820	arg1	P<0.01					823:828	P<0.01	823:828	P<0.01	823:828	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
25661882	1	75	theme	administration	141:154	arg1	effect					109:114	The effect	105:114	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats	105:268	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	76	from	effect	109:114	arg1	glucose					197:203	blood glucose	191:203	blood glucose	191:203	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	76	from	effect	109:114	arg1	composition					213:223	lipids composition	206:223	lipids composition	206:223	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	76	from	effect	109:114	arg1	stress					239:244	oxidative stress	229:244	oxidative stress	229:244	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	1	76	from	effect	109:114	arg1	parameters					170:179	biological parameters	159:179	biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats	159:268	The effect of resistant starch (RS) administration on biological parameters including blood glucose, lipids composition and oxidative stress of type 2 diabetic rats was investigated.
25661882	5	77	theme	cholesterol	1280:1290	arg1	homeostasis					1292:1302	cholesterol homeostasis	1280:1302	cholesterol homeostasis	1280:1302	The mechanism study shows that the lowering of blood glucose level in diabetic rats by feeding RS is regulated through promoting glycogen synthesis and inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and the increased lipid metabolism is modulated through promoting lipid oxidation and cholesterol homeostasis.
25661882	2	78	theme	control	535:541	arg1	P<0.01					550:555	P<0.01	550:555	P<0.01	550:555	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	2	78	theme	control	535:541	arg1	group					543:547	model control group	529:547	model control group (P<0.01)	529:556	The results showed blood glucose level, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was doubly increased in the rats of RS administration group compared to model control group (P<0.01).
25661882	3	79	theme	GS2	728:730	arg1	levels					664:669	the expression levels	649:669	the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2,	649:788	The analyses of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism pathways demonstrated that the expression levels of lipid oxidation gene Acox1, glycogen synthesis genes, GS2 and GYG1, and insulin-induced genes, Insig-1 and Insig-2, were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01).
27245684	8	0	theme	β-glucan	1054:1061	arg1	properties					1040:1049	The functional properties	1025:1049	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity	1025:1135	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	4	1	theme	chemical	446:453	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	1	theme	chemical	446:453	arg1	composition					455:465	chemical composition	446:465	chemical composition	446:465	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	8	2	dep	power	1078:1082	arg1	i.e.					1063:1066	i.e.	1063:1066	i.e.	1063:1066	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	10	3	with	additives	1512:1520	arg1	characteristics					1562:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	The results exploit that the β-glucan and GABA might promise a polymeric incipient to be implemented as food additives with variable functional and structural characteristics.
27245684	9	4	theme	germination	1303:1313	arg1	process					1315:1321	germination process	1303:1321	germination process	1303:1321	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	4	5	theme	functional	468:477	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	5	theme	functional	468:477	arg1	properties					508:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties	468:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA	468:538	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	6	theme	significant	366:376	arg1	effect					389:394	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect	364:394	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting)	364:421	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	7	dep	significant	366:376	arg1	P ≤ 0.05					379:386	P ≤ 0.05	379:386	P ≤ 0.05	379:386	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	8	theme	GABA	535:538	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	8	theme	GABA	535:538	arg1	properties					508:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties	468:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA	468:538	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	0	9	theme	Barnyard	93:100	arg1	Millet					102:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet	82:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	82:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	9	theme	Barnyard	93:100	arg1	frumentaceae					122:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	10	from	Isolation	0:8	arg1	Raw					74:76	Raw	74:76	Raw	74:76	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	10	from	Isolation	0:8	arg1	Millet					102:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet	82:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	82:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	10	from	Isolation	0:8	arg1	frumentaceae					122:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	7	11	theme	β-glucan	892:899	arg1	extract					901:907	β-glucan extract	892:907	β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour	892:935	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	5	12	theme	GABA	554:557	arg1	extract					559:565	GABA extract	554:565	GABA extract	554:565	The yield of GABA extract was 12.34 % and the content increased from 6.37 mg/100 g in raw to 35.70 mg/100 g in germinated sample.
27245684	2	13	dep	millet	343:348	arg1	var					351:353	var	351:353	var	351:353	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and β-glucan extracted from raw and germination barnyard millet (var.
27245684	0	14	from	Characterization	146:161	arg1	Raw					74:76	Raw	74:76	Raw	74:76	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	14	from	Characterization	146:161	arg1	Millet					102:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet	82:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	82:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	14	from	Characterization	146:161	arg1	frumentaceae					122:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	15	theme	Germinated	82:91	arg1	Millet					102:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet	82:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	82:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	15	theme	Germinated	82:91	arg1	frumentaceae					122:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	5	16	theme	extract	559:565	arg1	yield					545:549	The yield	541:549	The yield of GABA extract	541:565	The yield of GABA extract was 12.34 % and the content increased from 6.37 mg/100 g in raw to 35.70 mg/100 g in germinated sample.
27245684	5	16	theme	extract	559:565	arg1	%					577:577	12.34 %	571:577	12.34 %	571:577	The yield of GABA extract was 12.34 % and the content increased from 6.37 mg/100 g in raw to 35.70 mg/100 g in germinated sample.
27245684	5	17	from	g	647:647	arg1	sample					663:668	germinated sample	652:668	germinated sample	652:668	The yield of GABA extract was 12.34 % and the content increased from 6.37 mg/100 g in raw to 35.70 mg/100 g in germinated sample.
27245684	8	18	theme	binding	1091:1097	arg1	capacity					1099:1106	water binding capacity	1085:1106	water binding capacity	1085:1106	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	10	19	theme	structural	1551:1560	arg1	characteristics					1562:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	The results exploit that the β-glucan and GABA might promise a polymeric incipient to be implemented as food additives with variable functional and structural characteristics.
27245684	8	20	theme	scavenging	1117:1126	arg1	activity					1128:1135	DPPH scavenging activity	1112:1135	DPPH scavenging activity	1112:1135	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	2	21	theme	butyric	266:272	arg1	GABA					280:283	GABA	280:283	GABA	280:283	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and β-glucan extracted from raw and germination barnyard millet (var.
27245684	2	21	theme	butyric	266:272	arg1	acid					274:277	γ-amino butyric acid	258:277	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)	258:284	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and β-glucan extracted from raw and germination barnyard millet (var.
27245684	8	22	theme	water	1085:1089	arg1	capacity					1099:1106	water binding capacity	1085:1106	water binding capacity	1085:1106	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	6	23	theme	scavenging	721:730	arg1	activities					732:741	scavenging activities	721:741	scavenging activities	721:741	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	10	24	theme	food	1507:1510	arg1	additives					1512:1520	food additives	1507:1520	food additives with variable functional and structural characteristics	1507:1576	The results exploit that the β-glucan and GABA might promise a polymeric incipient to be implemented as food additives with variable functional and structural characteristics.
27245684	10	25	theme	functional	1536:1545	arg1	characteristics					1562:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	The results exploit that the β-glucan and GABA might promise a polymeric incipient to be implemented as food additives with variable functional and structural characteristics.
27245684	1	26	dep	constituents	239:250	arg1	viz					253:255	viz	253:255	two functional constituents' viz	224:255	The study was carried out to analyze the characteristics of two functional constituents' viz.
27245684	0	27	theme	Components	24:33	arg1	Characterization					146:161	their Characterization	140:161	their Characterization	140:161	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	27	theme	Components	24:33	arg1	Isolation					0:8	Isolation	0:8	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	0:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	6	28	theme	hydrogen	703:710	arg1	peroxide					712:719	hydrogen peroxide	703:719	hydrogen peroxide	703:719	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	8	29	dep	1.76 g/g	1160:1167	arg1	to					1157:1158	to	1157:1158	to	1157:1158	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	9	30	theme	viscoelastic	1349:1360	arg1	capacity					1362:1369	a better viscoelastic capacity	1340:1369	a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan	1340:1381	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	0	31	theme	Functional	13:22	arg1	Acid					64:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	31	theme	Functional	13:22	arg1	Components					24:33	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid	13:67	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	13:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	31	theme	Functional	13:22	arg1	β-Glucan					35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	32	theme	Echinochloa	110:120	arg1	Millet					102:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet	82:107	Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	82:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	32	theme	Echinochloa	110:120	arg1	frumentaceae					122:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Echinochloa frumentaceae	110:133	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	8	33	theme	DPPH	1112:1115	arg1	activity					1128:1135	DPPH scavenging activity	1112:1135	DPPH scavenging activity	1112:1135	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	4	34	theme	β-glucan	522:529	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	34	theme	β-glucan	522:529	arg1	properties					508:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties	468:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA	468:538	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	0	35	from	Raw	74:76	arg1	Characterization					146:161	their Characterization	140:161	their Characterization	140:161	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	35	from	Raw	74:76	arg1	Isolation					0:8	Isolation	0:8	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	0:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	35	from	Raw	74:76	arg1	Components					24:33	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid	13:67	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	13:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	35	from	Raw	74:76	arg1	Acid					64:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	35	from	Raw	74:76	arg1	β-Glucan					35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	9	36	theme	better	1342:1347	arg1	capacity					1362:1369	a better viscoelastic capacity	1340:1369	a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan	1340:1381	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	2	37	theme	γ-amino	258:264	arg1	GABA					280:283	GABA	280:283	GABA	280:283	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and β-glucan extracted from raw and germination barnyard millet (var.
27245684	2	37	theme	γ-amino	258:264	arg1	acid					274:277	γ-amino butyric acid	258:277	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)	258:284	γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and β-glucan extracted from raw and germination barnyard millet (var.
27245684	4	38	theme	rheological	480:490	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	38	theme	rheological	480:490	arg1	properties					508:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties	468:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA	468:538	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	5	39	theme	germinated	652:661	arg1	sample					663:668	germinated sample	652:668	germinated sample	652:668	The yield of GABA extract was 12.34 % and the content increased from 6.37 mg/100 g in raw to 35.70 mg/100 g in germinated sample.
27245684	8	40	theme	swelling	1069:1076	arg1	power					1078:1082	swelling power	1069:1082	swelling power	1069:1082	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	0	41	theme	Butyric	56:62	arg1	Acid					64:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	41	theme	Butyric	56:62	arg1	Components					24:33	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid	13:67	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	13:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	10	42	theme	variable	1527:1534	arg1	characteristics					1562:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	variable functional and structural characteristics	1527:1576	The results exploit that the β-glucan and GABA might promise a polymeric incipient to be implemented as food additives with variable functional and structural characteristics.
27245684	6	43	theme	GABA	746:749	arg1	extract					751:757	GABA extract	746:757	GABA extract	746:757	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	8	44	theme	functional	1029:1038	arg1	properties					1040:1049	The functional properties	1025:1049	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity	1025:1135	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	8	45	dep	%	1206:1206	arg1	to					1197:1198	to	1197:1198	to	1197:1198	The functional properties of β-glucan i.e., swelling power, water binding capacity and DPPH scavenging activity increased from 1.45 to 1.76 g/g, 2.13 to 2.32 g/g and 44.39 to 57.42 %, respectively, after germination.
27245684	7	46	theme	germinated	920:929	arg1	flour					931:935	germinated flour	920:935	germinated flour	920:935	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	7	47	theme	β-glucan	969:976	arg1	%					1008:1008	83.30 and 79.64 %	992:1008	83.30 and 79.64 %	992:1008	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	7	47	theme	β-glucan	969:976	arg1	contents					978:985	the β-glucan contents	965:985	the β-glucan contents	965:985	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	0	48	theme	γ-Amino	48:54	arg1	Acid					64:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	48	theme	γ-Amino	48:54	arg1	Components					24:33	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid	13:67	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	13:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	4	49	theme	antioxidant	496:506	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	49	theme	antioxidant	496:506	arg1	properties					508:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties	468:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA	468:538	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	6	50	theme	total	681:685	arg1	antioxidant					687:697	total antioxidant	681:697	total antioxidant	681:697	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	9	51	theme	low	1386:1388	arg1	frequencies					1390:1400	low frequencies	1386:1400	low frequencies	1386:1400	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	6	52	dep	%	807:807	arg1	to					798:799	to	798:799	to	798:799	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	9	53	from	increase	1265:1272	arg1	modulus					1289:1295	the storage modulus	1277:1295	the storage modulus after germination process	1277:1321	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	0	54	from	Millet	102:107	arg1	Characterization					146:161	their Characterization	140:161	their Characterization	140:161	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	54	from	Millet	102:107	arg1	Isolation					0:8	Isolation	0:8	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	0:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	54	from	Millet	102:107	arg1	Components					24:33	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid	13:67	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	13:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	54	from	Millet	102:107	arg1	Acid					64:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	54	from	Millet	102:107	arg1	β-Glucan					35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	55	dep	Components	24:33	arg1	Acid					64:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	γ-Amino Butyric Acid	48:67	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	55	dep	Components	24:33	arg1	Components					24:33	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid	13:67	Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae)	13:134	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	0	55	dep	Components	24:33	arg1	β-Glucan					35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	β-Glucan	35:42	Isolation of Functional Components β-Glucan and γ-Amino Butyric Acid from Raw and Germinated Barnyard Millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae) and their Characterization.
27245684	6	56	theme	extract	751:757	arg1	DPPH					675:678	The DPPH	671:678	The DPPH	671:678	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	6	56	theme	extract	751:757	arg1	antioxidant					687:697	total antioxidant	681:697	total antioxidant	681:697	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	6	56	theme	extract	751:757	arg1	peroxide					712:719	hydrogen peroxide	703:719	hydrogen peroxide	703:719	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	7	57	theme	flour	931:935	arg1	extract					901:907	β-glucan extract	892:907	β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour	892:935	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	4	58	theme	germination	399:409	arg1	effect					389:394	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect	364:394	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting)	364:421	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	7	59	theme	raw	912:914	arg1	extract					901:907	β-glucan extract	892:907	β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour	892:935	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	6	60	dep	DPPH	675:678	arg1	activities					732:741	scavenging activities	721:741	scavenging activities	721:741	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	9	61	theme	β-glucan	1374:1381	arg1	capacity					1362:1369	a better viscoelastic capacity	1340:1369	a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan	1340:1381	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	4	62	located	observed	427:434	arg1	yield					439:443	yield	439:443	yield	439:443	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	62	located	observed	427:434	arg1	composition					455:465	chemical composition	446:465	chemical composition	446:465	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	62	located	observed	427:434	arg1	properties					508:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties	468:517	functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA	468:538	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	4	62	located	observed	427:434	arg2	effect					389:394	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect	364:394	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting)	364:421	A significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of germination (sprouting) was observed in yield, chemical composition, functional, rheological and antioxidant properties of β-glucan and GABA.
27245684	1	63	theme	functional	228:237	arg1	constituents					239:250	two functional constituents	224:250	two functional constituents' viz	224:255	The study was carried out to analyze the characteristics of two functional constituents' viz.
27245684	6	64	dep	64.7	847:850	arg1	to					844:845	to	844:845	to	844:845	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	6	65	dep	33.3	818:821	arg1	to					815:816	to	815:816	to	815:816	The DPPH, total antioxidant and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of GABA extract increased after germination from 45.34 to 65.34 %, 15.3 to 33.3 millimole/g and 38.4 to 64.7 millimole/g, respectively.
27245684	7	66	theme	extract	901:907	arg1	%					955:955	6.05 and 5.01 %	941:955	6.05 and 5.01 %	941:955	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	7	66	theme	extract	901:907	arg1	yield					883:887	The yield	879:887	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour	879:935	The yield of β-glucan extract of raw and germinated flour was 6.05 and 5.01 % whereas the β-glucan contents were 83.30 and 79.64 %, respectively.
27245684	9	67	theme	storage	1281:1287	arg1	modulus					1289:1295	the storage modulus	1277:1295	the storage modulus after germination process	1277:1321	Similarly there was an increase in the storage modulus after germination process which attributes a better viscoelastic capacity of β-glucan at low frequencies.
27245684	1	68	theme	constituents	239:250	arg1	characteristics					205:219	the characteristics	201:219	the characteristics of two functional constituents' viz	201:255	The study was carried out to analyze the characteristics of two functional constituents' viz.
24355023	0	0	theme	ligamentum	83:92	arg1	femoris					102:108	the human ligamentum capitis femoris	73:108	the human ligamentum capitis femoris	73:108	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	7	1	theme	type	890:893	arg1	collagen					898:905	type II collagen	890:905	type II collagen	890:905	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	5	2	from	midsubstance	664:675	arg1	present					649:655	present	649:655	present	649:655	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	0	3	theme	human	77:81	arg1	femoris					102:108	the human ligamentum capitis femoris	73:108	the human ligamentum capitis femoris	73:108	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	2	4	theme	LCF	354:356	arg1	disruption					358:367	LCF disruption	354:367	LCF disruption	354:367	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	8	5	theme	chondrocytes	1114:1125	arg1	higher					1145:1150	higher	1145:1150	higher	1145:1150	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes was significantly higher in the disrupted group than in the intact group.
24355023	8	5	theme	chondrocytes	1114:1125	arg1	percentage					1071:1080	The percentage	1067:1080	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes	1067:1125	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes was significantly higher in the disrupted group than in the intact group.
24355023	0	6	theme	femoris	102:108	arg1	attachment					59:68	the femoral attachment	47:68	the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris	47:108	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	2	7	theme	attachment	301:310	arg1	degeneration					331:342	the degeneration	327:342	the degeneration caused by LCF disruption	327:367	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	2	7	theme	attachment	301:310	arg1	pathologies					248:258	The histological pathologies	231:258	The histological pathologies	231:258	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	2	7	theme	attachment	301:310	arg1	composition					274:284	molecular composition	264:284	molecular composition	264:284	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	7	8	from	attachment	836:845	arg1	group					864:868	the disrupted group	850:868	the disrupted group	850:868	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	0	9	theme	capitis	94:100	arg1	femoris					102:108	the human ligamentum capitis femoris	73:108	the human ligamentum capitis femoris	73:108	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	2	10	theme	femoral	293:299	arg1	attachment					301:310	the femoral attachment	289:310	the femoral attachment of the LCF	289:321	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	6	11	from	group	809:813	arg1	construction					695:706	the construction	691:706	the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	691:813	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	3	12	theme	range	485:489	arg1	years					498:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	3	12	theme	range	485:489	arg1	fracture					471:478	femoral neck fracture	458:478	femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years)	458:503	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	6	13	theme	"	743:743	arg1	group					809:813	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	5	14	located	present	649:655	arg1	midsubstance					664:675	the midsubstance	660:675	the midsubstance	660:675	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	5	14	located	present	649:655	arg2	cells					638:642	Fibrocartilage cells	623:642	Fibrocartilage cells	623:642	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	2	15	theme	hip	400:402	arg1	joint					404:408	the human hip joint	390:408	the human hip joint	390:408	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	8	16	theme	single-stranded	1085:1099	arg1	chondrocytes					1114:1125	single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes	1085:1125	single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes	1085:1125	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes was significantly higher in the disrupted group than in the intact group.
24355023	6	17	theme	disrupted	734:742	arg1	n = 12					801:806	n = 12	801:806	n = 12	801:806	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	6	17	theme	disrupted	734:742	arg1	"					743:743	"disrupted"	733:743	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	9	18	theme	characteristic	1258:1271	arg1	adjust					1320:1325	adjust	1320:1325	to adjust to the mechanical load	1317:1348	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	18	theme	characteristic	1258:1271	arg1	structure					1292:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure	1256:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1256:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	18	theme	characteristic	1258:1271	arg1	likely					1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	18	theme	characteristic	1258:1271	arg1	suggest					1355:1361	suggest	1355:1361	suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1355:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	1	19	theme	clinical	165:172	arg1	significance					174:185	clinical significance	165:185	clinical significance	165:185	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	8	20	theme	intact	1187:1192	arg1	group					1194:1198	the intact group	1183:1198	the intact group	1183:1198	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes was significantly higher in the disrupted group than in the intact group.
24355023	4	21	dep	"	520:520	arg1	intact					529:534	intact	529:534	intact	529:534	In the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group, the attachment consisted of rich fibrocartilage.
24355023	7	22	theme	disrupted	854:862	arg1	group					864:868	the disrupted group	850:868	the disrupted group	850:868	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	0	23	theme	Histological	0:11	arg1	characterization					27:42	Histological and molecular characterization	0:42	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.	0:109	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	9	24	theme	LCF	1248:1250	arg1	attachment					1230:1239	the femoral attachment	1218:1239	the femoral attachment of the LCF	1218:1250	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	2	25	theme	LCF	319:321	arg1	attachment					301:310	the femoral attachment	289:310	the femoral attachment of the LCF	289:321	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	9	26	theme	mechanical	1334:1343	arg1	load					1345:1348	the mechanical load	1330:1348	the mechanical load	1330:1348	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	4	27	theme	"	520:520	arg1	group					567:571	the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group	509:571	the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group	509:571	In the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group, the attachment consisted of rich fibrocartilage.
24355023	3	28	theme	neck	466:469	arg1	years					498:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	3	28	theme	neck	466:469	arg1	fracture					471:478	femoral neck fracture	458:478	femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years)	458:503	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	0	29	theme	molecular	17:25	arg1	characterization					27:42	Histological and molecular characterization	0:42	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.	0:109	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	9	30	theme	femoral	1222:1228	arg1	attachment					1230:1239	the femoral attachment	1218:1239	the femoral attachment of the LCF	1218:1250	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	31	theme	clinical	1439:1446	arg1	degeneration					1372:1383	its degeneration	1368:1383	its degeneration	1368:1383	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	31	theme	clinical	1439:1446	arg1	pathology					1448:1456	a clinical pathology	1437:1456	a clinical pathology	1437:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	5	32	attach	present	649:655	arg1	midsubstance					664:675	the midsubstance	660:675	the midsubstance	660:675	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	5	32	attach	present	649:655	arg2	cells					638:642	Fibrocartilage cells	623:642	Fibrocartilage cells	623:642	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	7	33	dep	types	967:971	arg1	types					967:971	types I, II and III collagen	967:994	types I, II and III collagen	967:994	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	7	33	dep	types	967:971	arg1	II					976:977	II	976:977	II	976:977	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	7	33	dep	types	967:971	arg1	collagen					987:994	III collagen	983:994	III collagen	983:994	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	7	33	dep	types	967:971	arg1	I					973:973	I	973:973	I	973:973	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	6	34	attach	attached	771:778	arg2	ligament					752:759	ligament	752:759	ligament no longer attached to the femoral head	752:798	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	6	34	attach	attached	771:778	arg1	head					795:798	the femoral head	783:798	the femoral head	783:798	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	6	35	theme	femoral	787:793	arg1	head					795:798	the femoral head	783:798	the femoral head	783:798	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	2	36	theme	histological	235:246	arg1	pathologies					248:258	The histological pathologies	231:258	The histological pathologies	231:258	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	6	37	from	construction	695:706	arg1	group					809:813	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	7	38	theme	chondroitin	997:1007	arg1	types					967:971	types I, II and III collagen	967:994	types I, II and III collagen	967:994	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	7	38	theme	chondroitin	997:1007	arg1	4-sulfate					1009:1017	chondroitin 4-sulfate	997:1017	chondroitin 4-sulfate	997:1017	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	4	39	theme	rich	602:605	arg1	fibrocartilage					607:620	rich fibrocartilage	602:620	rich fibrocartilage	602:620	In the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group, the attachment consisted of rich fibrocartilage.
24355023	7	40	theme	chondroitin	1020:1030	arg1	types					967:971	types I, II and III collagen	967:994	types I, II and III collagen	967:994	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	7	40	theme	chondroitin	1020:1030	arg1	6-sulfate					1032:1040	chondroitin 6-sulfate	1020:1040	chondroitin 6-sulfate	1020:1040	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	6	41	theme	attachment	715:724	arg1	construction					695:706	the construction	691:706	the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	691:813	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	1	42	theme	hip	214:216	arg1	arthroscopy					218:228	hip arthroscopy	214:228	hip arthroscopy	214:228	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	0	43	theme	attachment	59:68	arg1	characterization					27:42	Histological and molecular characterization	0:42	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.	0:109	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	5	44	theme	Fibrocartilage	623:636	arg1	cells					638:642	Fibrocartilage cells	623:642	Fibrocartilage cells	623:642	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	4	45	dep	intact	529:534	arg1	i.e.					523:526	i.e.	523:526	i.e.	523:526	In the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group, the attachment consisted of rich fibrocartilage.
24355023	1	46	theme	ligamentum	115:124	arg1	femoris					134:140	The ligamentum capitis femoris	111:140	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF)	111:146	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	1	46	theme	ligamentum	115:124	arg1	LCF					143:145	LCF	143:145	LCF	143:145	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	0	47	theme	femoral	51:57	arg1	attachment					59:68	the femoral attachment	47:68	the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris	47:108	Histological and molecular characterization of the femoral attachment of the human ligamentum capitis femoris.
24355023	4	48	theme	intact	514:519	arg1	"					520:520	"intact"	513:520	the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group	509:571	In the "intact" (i.e., intact throughout its length, n = 12) group, the attachment consisted of rich fibrocartilage.
24355023	7	49	theme	intact	938:943	arg1	group					945:949	the intact group	934:949	the intact group	934:949	The attachment in the disrupted group was not labeled for type II collagen or aggrecan, while that in the intact group was labeled for types I, II and III collagen, chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, aggrecan, and versican.
24355023	9	50	dep	likely	1310:1315	arg1	adjust					1320:1325	adjust	1320:1325	to adjust to the mechanical load	1317:1348	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	50	dep	likely	1310:1315	arg1	structure					1292:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure	1256:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1256:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	50	dep	likely	1310:1315	arg1	likely					1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	50	dep	likely	1310:1315	arg1	suggest					1355:1361	suggest	1355:1361	suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1355:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	1	51	theme	capitis	126:132	arg1	femoris					134:140	The ligamentum capitis femoris	111:140	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF)	111:146	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	1	51	theme	capitis	126:132	arg1	LCF					143:145	LCF	143:145	LCF	143:145	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	6	52	from	attachment	715:724	arg1	group					809:813	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group	729:813	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
24355023	1	53	theme	arthroscopy	218:228	arg1	development					199:209	the development	195:209	the development of hip arthroscopy	195:228	The ligamentum capitis femoris (LCF) has increased in clinical significance through the development of hip arthroscopy.
24355023	2	54	theme	molecular	264:272	arg1	composition					274:284	molecular composition	264:284	molecular composition	264:284	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	9	55	contain	has	1252:1254	arg2	suggest					1355:1361	suggest	1355:1361	suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1355:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	55	contain	has	1252:1254	arg2	adjust					1320:1325	adjust	1320:1325	to adjust to the mechanical load	1317:1348	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	55	contain	has	1252:1254	arg2	likely					1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	55	contain	has	1252:1254	arg1	attachment					1230:1239	the femoral attachment	1218:1239	the femoral attachment of the LCF	1218:1250	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	55	contain	has	1252:1254	arg2	structure					1292:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure	1256:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1256:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	3	56	theme	age	481:483	arg1	years					498:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	3	56	theme	age	481:483	arg1	fracture					471:478	femoral neck fracture	458:478	femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years)	458:503	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	8	57	theme	DNA-positive	1101:1112	arg1	chondrocytes					1114:1125	single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes	1085:1125	single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes	1085:1125	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes was significantly higher in the disrupted group than in the intact group.
24355023	5	58	from	present	649:655	arg1	midsubstance					664:675	the midsubstance	660:675	the midsubstance	660:675	Fibrocartilage cells were present in the midsubstance.
24355023	3	59	theme	femoral	458:464	arg1	years					498:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	age range: 63-87 years	481:502	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	3	59	theme	femoral	458:464	arg1	fracture					471:478	femoral neck fracture	458:478	femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years)	458:503	Twenty-four LCFs were retrieved at surgery for femoral neck fracture (age range: 63-87 years).
24355023	8	60	theme	disrupted	1159:1167	arg1	group					1169:1173	the disrupted group	1155:1173	the disrupted group	1155:1173	The percentage of single-stranded DNA-positive chondrocytes was significantly higher in the disrupted group than in the intact group.
24355023	2	61	theme	human	394:398	arg1	joint					404:408	the human hip joint	390:408	the human hip joint	390:408	The histological pathologies and molecular composition of the femoral attachment of the LCF and the degeneration caused by LCF disruption were investigated in the human hip joint.
24355023	9	62	theme	fibrocartilaginous	1273:1290	arg1	adjust					1320:1325	adjust	1320:1325	to adjust to the mechanical load	1317:1348	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	62	theme	fibrocartilaginous	1273:1290	arg1	structure					1292:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure	1256:1300	a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1256:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	62	theme	fibrocartilaginous	1273:1290	arg1	likely					1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	likely	1310:1315	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	9	62	theme	fibrocartilaginous	1273:1290	arg1	suggest					1355:1361	suggest	1355:1361	suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology	1355:1456	We conclude that the femoral attachment of the LCF has a characteristic fibrocartilaginous structure that is likely to adjust to the mechanical load, and suggest that its degeneration is advanced by disruption and should be regarded as a clinical pathology.
24355023	6	63	dep	ligament	752:759	arg1	i.e.					746:749	i.e.	746:749	i.e.	746:749	In contrast, the construction of the attachment in the "disrupted" (i.e., ligament no longer attached to the femoral head, n = 12) group had disappeared.
25398227	6	0	with	Dosage	1028:1033	arg1	aspirin					1040:1046	aspirin	1040:1046	aspirin	1040:1046	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	1	1	attach	presence	137:144	arg2	levels					161:166	subclinical levels	149:166	subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin,	149:233	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	1	1	attach	presence	137:144	arg1	circulation					242:252	the circulation	238:252	the circulation	238:252	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	6	2	theme	mannitol	1093:1100	arg1	median					1140:1145	median	1140:1145	median after water 0.005	1140:1163	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	6	2	theme	mannitol	1093:1100	arg1	median					1109:1114	median	1109:1114	median after aspirin 0.014	1109:1134	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	6	2	theme	mannitol	1093:1100	arg1	ratio					1102:1106	the lactulose : mannitol ratio	1077:1106	the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017)	1077:1175	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	0	3	from	increase	16:23	arg1	permeability					52:63	intestinal paracellular permeability	28:63	intestinal paracellular permeability	28:63	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	1	4	theme	subclinical	149:159	arg1	levels					161:166	subclinical levels	149:166	subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin,	149:233	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	8	5	theme	circulating	1405:1415	arg1	levels					1417:1422	circulating levels	1405:1422	circulating levels of LPS	1405:1429	Further, there was no correlation between body fat content and circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	4	6	theme	LPS	708:710	arg1	transit					697:703	greater transit	689:703	greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation	689:740	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	7	7	theme	solution	1241:1248	arg1	consumption					1214:1224	the consumption	1210:1224	the consumption of the aspirin solution	1210:1248	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	5	8	from	consumption	882:892	arg1	women					936:940	15 healthy women	925:940	15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	925:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	3	9	theme	gut	508:510	arg1	lumen					512:516	the gut lumen	504:516	the gut lumen	504:516	However, it is currently unclear how the LPS transits from the gut lumen to the general circulation.
25398227	5	10	from	women	936:940	arg1	consumption					882:892	the consumption	878:892	the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	878:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	11	theme	healthy	928:934	arg1	women					936:940	15 healthy women	925:940	15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	925:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	0	12	theme	LPS	95:97	arg1	levels					85:90	the levels	81:90	the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women	81:130	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	1	13	theme	obesity	333:339	arg1	development					318:328	the development	314:328	the development of obesity and insulin resistance	314:362	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	4	14	theme	systemic	721:728	arg1	circulation					730:740	the systemic circulation	717:740	the systemic circulation	717:740	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	4	15	from	increase	639:646	arg1	permeability					668:679	the paracellular permeability	651:679	the paracellular permeability	651:679	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	5	16	theme	aspirin	838:844	arg1	solution					846:853	aspirin solution	838:853	aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	838:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	1	17	from	presence	137:144	arg1	circulation					242:252	the circulation	238:252	the circulation	238:252	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	7	18	theme	water	1334:1338	arg1	consumption					1300:1310	consumption	1300:1310	consumption of the control (plain water)	1300:1339	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	2	19	theme	Recent	365:370	arg1	data					372:375	Recent data	365:375	Recent data	365:375	Recent data indicate that high-fat meals may elevate circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	1	20	theme	levels	161:166	arg1	presence					137:144	The presence	133:144	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation	133:252	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	0	21	theme	venous	102:107	arg1	blood					109:113	venous blood	102:113	venous blood of healthy women	102:130	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	1	22	theme	insulin	345:351	arg1	resistance					353:362	insulin resistance	345:362	insulin resistance	345:362	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	8	23	theme	LPS	1427:1429	arg1	content					1393:1399	body fat content	1384:1399	body fat content	1384:1399	Further, there was no correlation between body fat content and circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	8	23	theme	LPS	1427:1429	arg1	levels					1417:1422	circulating levels	1405:1422	circulating levels of LPS	1405:1429	Further, there was no correlation between body fat content and circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	5	24	theme	solution	846:853	arg1	consumption					823:833	the consumption	819:833	the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	819:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	25	theme	dose	973:976	arg1	dose					973:976	dose	973:976	dose	973:976	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	25	theme	dose	973:976	arg1	%					968:968	aspirin 0.09%	956:968	aspirin 0.09% of dose	956:976	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	1	26	theme	resistance	353:362	arg1	development					318:328	the development	314:328	the development of obesity and insulin resistance	314:362	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	5	27	from	volume	906:911	arg1	women					936:940	15 healthy women	925:940	15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	925:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	3	28	theme	general	525:531	arg1	circulation					533:543	the general circulation	521:543	the general circulation	521:543	However, it is currently unclear how the LPS transits from the gut lumen to the general circulation.
25398227	7	29	theme	serum	1187:1191	arg1	levels					1197:1202	serum LPS levels	1187:1202	serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution	1187:1248	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	1	30	theme	LPS	171:173	arg1	levels					161:166	subclinical levels	149:166	subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin,	149:233	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	0	31	theme	Aspirin-induced	0:14	arg1	increase					16:23	Aspirin-induced increase	0:23	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability	0:63	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	8	32	theme	body	1384:1387	arg1	content					1393:1399	body fat content	1384:1399	body fat content	1384:1399	Further, there was no correlation between body fat content and circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	5	33	theme	water	916:920	arg1	volume					906:911	an equal volume	897:911	an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	897:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	7	34	from	those	1288:1292	arg1	different					1273:1281	different	1273:1281	different	1273:1281	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	5	35	theme	dose	1010:1013	arg1	dose					1010:1013	dose	1010:1013	dose	1010:1013	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	35	theme	dose	1010:1013	arg1	%					1005:1005	water 0.03%	995:1005	water 0.03% of dose	995:1013	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	0	36	theme	intestinal	28:37	arg1	permeability					52:63	intestinal paracellular permeability	28:63	intestinal paracellular permeability	28:63	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	0	37	theme	healthy	118:124	arg1	women					126:130	healthy women	118:130	healthy women	118:130	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	5	38	theme	volume	906:911	arg1	consumption					882:892	the consumption	878:892	the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	878:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	6	39	theme	lactulose	1081:1089	arg1	median					1140:1145	median	1140:1145	median after water 0.005	1140:1163	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	6	39	theme	lactulose	1081:1089	arg1	median					1109:1114	median	1109:1114	median after aspirin 0.014	1109:1134	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	6	39	theme	lactulose	1081:1089	arg1	ratio					1102:1106	the lactulose : mannitol ratio	1077:1106	the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017)	1077:1175	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	1	40	theme	Gram-negative	180:192	arg1	bacteria					194:201	Gram-negative bacteria	180:201	Gram-negative bacteria	180:201	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	7	41	theme	plain	1328:1332	arg1	water					1334:1338	the control (plain water)	1315:1339	the control (plain water)	1315:1339	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	4	42	theme	paracellular	655:666	arg1	permeability					668:679	the paracellular permeability	651:679	the paracellular permeability	651:679	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	4	43	theme	small	598:602	arg1	mucosa					615:620	the small intestinal mucosa	594:620	the small intestinal mucosa	594:620	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	5	44	theme	3-h	747:749	arg1	excretion					762:770	The 3-h cumulative excretion	743:770	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose	743:783	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	1	45	theme	pro-inflammatory	267:282	arg1	response					291:298	a pro-inflammatory immune response	265:298	a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance	265:362	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	0	46	from	levels	85:90	arg1	blood					109:113	venous blood	102:113	venous blood of healthy women	102:130	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	7	47	theme	aspirin	1233:1239	arg1	solution					1241:1248	the aspirin solution	1229:1248	the aspirin solution	1229:1248	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	2	48	theme	high-fat	391:398	arg1	meals					400:404	high-fat meals	391:404	high-fat meals	391:404	Recent data indicate that high-fat meals may elevate circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	0	49	theme	paracellular	39:50	arg1	permeability					52:63	intestinal paracellular permeability	28:63	intestinal paracellular permeability	28:63	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	1	50	theme	immune	284:289	arg1	response					291:298	a pro-inflammatory immune response	265:298	a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance	265:362	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	0	51	theme	women	126:130	arg1	blood					109:113	venous blood	102:113	venous blood of healthy women	102:130	Aspirin-induced increase in intestinal paracellular permeability does not affect the levels of LPS in venous blood of healthy women.
25398227	2	52	theme	circulating	418:428	arg1	levels					430:435	circulating levels	418:435	circulating levels of LPS	418:442	Recent data indicate that high-fat meals may elevate circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	4	53	theme	mucosa	615:620	arg1	damage					584:589	aspirin-induced damage	568:589	aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability,	568:680	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	5	54	theme	relative	855:862	arg1	solution					846:853	aspirin solution	838:853	aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	838:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	7	55	theme	LPS	1193:1195	arg1	levels					1197:1202	serum LPS levels	1187:1202	serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution	1187:1248	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	2	56	theme	LPS	440:442	arg1	levels					430:435	circulating levels	418:435	circulating levels of LPS	418:442	Recent data indicate that high-fat meals may elevate circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	5	57	dep	median	943:948	arg1	P = 0.004					1016:1024	P = 0.004	1016:1024	P = 0.004	1016:1024	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	58	theme	water	995:999	arg1	dose					1010:1013	dose	1010:1013	dose	1010:1013	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	58	theme	water	995:999	arg1	%					1005:1005	water 0.03%	995:1005	water 0.03% of dose	995:1013	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	1	59	from	bacteria	194:201	arg1	LPS					171:173	LPS	171:173	LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin,	171:233	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	1	59	from	bacteria	194:201	arg1	levels					161:166	subclinical levels	149:166	subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin,	149:233	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	5	60	theme	equal	900:904	arg1	volume					906:911	an equal volume	897:911	an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004)	897:1025	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	7	61	theme	control	1319:1325	arg1	water					1334:1338	the control (plain water)	1315:1339	the control (plain water)	1315:1339	However, serum LPS levels after the consumption of the aspirin solution were not significantly different from those after consumption of the control (plain water).
25398227	8	62	theme	fat	1389:1391	arg1	content					1393:1399	body fat content	1384:1399	body fat content	1384:1399	Further, there was no correlation between body fat content and circulating levels of LPS.
25398227	5	63	theme	aspirin	956:962	arg1	dose					973:976	dose	973:976	dose	973:976	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	63	theme	aspirin	956:962	arg1	%					968:968	aspirin 0.09%	956:968	aspirin 0.09% of dose	956:976	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	4	64	theme	greater	689:695	arg1	transit					697:703	greater transit	689:703	greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation	689:740	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	4	65	theme	aspirin-induced	568:582	arg1	damage					584:589	aspirin-induced damage	568:589	aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability,	568:680	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	6	66	dep	median	1109:1114	arg1	P = 0.017					1166:1174	P = 0.017	1166:1174	P = 0.017	1166:1174	Dosage with aspirin also significantly increased the lactulose : mannitol ratio (median after aspirin 0.014 vs. median after water 0.005; P = 0.017).
25398227	4	67	theme	intestinal	604:613	arg1	mucosa					615:620	the small intestinal mucosa	594:620	the small intestinal mucosa	594:620	We determined whether aspirin-induced damage of the small intestinal mucosa, evidenced by an increase in the paracellular permeability, allows greater transit of LPS into the systemic circulation.
25398227	5	68	dep	women	936:940	arg1	median					943:948	median	943:948	median	943:948	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	5	69	theme	cumulative	751:760	arg1	excretion					762:770	The 3-h cumulative excretion	743:770	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose	743:783	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
25398227	1	70	from	levels	161:166	arg1	bacteria					194:201	Gram-negative bacteria	180:201	Gram-negative bacteria	180:201	The presence of subclinical levels of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria, also referred to as endotoxin, in the circulation may induce a pro-inflammatory immune response that leads to the development of obesity and insulin resistance.
25398227	5	71	theme	lactulose	775:783	arg1	excretion					762:770	The 3-h cumulative excretion	743:770	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose	743:783	The 3-h cumulative excretion of lactulose was significantly increased after the consumption of aspirin solution relative to that after the consumption of an equal volume of water in 15 healthy women (median after aspirin 0.09% of dose vs. median after water 0.03% of dose; P = 0.004).
24235141	3	0	from	description	435:445	arg1	interaction					490:500	the early interaction	480:500	the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae	480:528	However, the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.
24235141	1	1	from	infections	223:232	arg1	ectotherms					237:246	ectotherms	237:246	ectotherms	237:246	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	1	2	theme	responsible	189:199	arg1	pathogen					180:187	a waterborne pathogen	167:187	a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms	167:246	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	1	2	theme	responsible	189:199	arg1	marinum					156:162	Mycobacterium marinum	142:162	Mycobacterium marinum	142:162	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	9	3	theme	devoid	1445:1450	arg1	class					1428:1432	class I	1428:1434	class I (papA4)	1428:1442	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	3	theme	devoid	1445:1450	arg1	papA4					1437:1441	papA4	1437:1441	papA4	1437:1441	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	4	4	theme	immune	643:648	arg1	system					650:655	the host immune system	634:655	the host immune system	634:655	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	5	5	theme	M.	820:821	arg1	marinum					823:829	M. marinum	820:829	M. marinum	820:829	Herein, we addressed whether LOS composition affects the uptake of M. marinum by professional phagocytes.
24235141	6	6	theme	uncharacterized	971:985	arg1	MMAR_2321					1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	6	theme	uncharacterized	971:985	arg1	MMAR_2331					1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	6	theme	uncharacterized	971:985	arg1	wbbL2					1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	6	theme	uncharacterized	971:985	arg1	genes					1000:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes	952:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331)	952:1038	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	7	theme	various	872:878	arg1	variants					894:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	2	8	theme	natural	380:386	arg1	reservoir					388:396	a natural reservoir	378:396	a natural reservoir for this microorganism	378:419	In the environment, M. marinum also interacts with amoebae, which may serve as a natural reservoir for this microorganism.
24235141	2	8	theme	natural	380:386	arg1	amoebae					350:356	amoebae	350:356	amoebae	350:356	In the environment, M. marinum also interacts with amoebae, which may serve as a natural reservoir for this microorganism.
24235141	4	9	theme	host	638:641	arg1	system					650:655	the host immune system	634:655	the host immune system	634:655	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	0	10	theme	relationship	122:133	arg1	study					135:139	a structure-activity relationship study	101:139	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.	0:140	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	9	11	dep	classes	1419:1425	arg1	class					1428:1432	class I	1428:1434	class I (papA4)	1428:1442	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	11	dep	classes	1419:1425	arg1	papA4					1437:1441	papA4	1437:1441	papA4	1437:1441	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	7	12	theme	Biochemical	1041:1051	arg1	approaches					1068:1077	Biochemical and structural approaches	1041:1077	Biochemical and structural approaches	1041:1077	Biochemical and structural approaches allowed resolving the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants.
24235141	6	13	dep	genes	1000:1004	arg1	MMAR_2321					1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	13	dep	genes	1000:1004	arg1	MMAR_2331					1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	13	dep	genes	1000:1004	arg1	wbbL2					1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	13	dep	genes	1000:1004	arg1	genes					1000:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes	952:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331)	952:1038	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	0	14	theme	structure-activity	103:120	arg1	relationship					122:133	a structure-activity relationship	101:133	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.	0:140	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	6	15	theme	several	952:958	arg1	MMAR_2321					1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	15	theme	several	952:958	arg1	MMAR_2331					1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	15	theme	several	952:958	arg1	wbbL2					1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	15	theme	several	952:958	arg1	genes					1000:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes	952:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331)	952:1038	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	9	16	theme	phagocytosed	1482:1493	arg1	class					1428:1432	class I	1428:1434	class I (papA4)	1428:1442	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	16	theme	phagocytosed	1482:1493	arg1	papA4					1437:1441	papA4	1437:1441	papA4	1437:1441	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	0	17	from	defective	56:64	arg1	production					89:98	lipooligosaccharide production	69:98	lipooligosaccharide production	69:98	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	9	18	dep	intermediates	1534:1546	arg1	wbbL2					1549:1553	wbbL2	1549:1553	wbbL2	1549:1553	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	18	dep	intermediates	1534:1546	arg1	intermediates					1534:1546	only early LOS intermediates	1519:1546	only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331)	1519:1568	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	18	dep	intermediates	1534:1546	arg1	MMAR_2331					1559:1567	MMAR_2331	1559:1567	MMAR_2331	1559:1567	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	4	19	theme	M.	724:725	arg1	marinum					727:733	M. marinum	724:733	M. marinum	724:733	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	1	20	theme	tuberculosis-like	205:221	arg1	infections					223:232	tuberculosis-like infections	205:232	tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms	205:246	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	9	21	dep	class	1428:1432	arg1	class					1630:1634	class III	1630:1638	class III	1630:1638	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	21	dep	class	1428:1432	arg1	class					1496:1500	class II	1496:1503	class II	1496:1503	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	5	22	theme	marinum	823:829	arg1	uptake					810:815	the uptake	806:815	the uptake of M. marinum by professional phagocytes	806:856	Herein, we addressed whether LOS composition affects the uptake of M. marinum by professional phagocytes.
24235141	2	23	theme	M.	319:320	arg1	marinum					322:328	M. marinum	319:328	M. marinum	319:328	In the environment, M. marinum also interacts with amoebae, which may serve as a natural reservoir for this microorganism.
24235141	3	24	theme	early	484:488	arg1	interaction					490:500	the early interaction	480:500	the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae	480:528	However, the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.
24235141	6	25	with	Mutants	859:865	arg1	variants					894:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	8	26	used	used	1230:1233	arg2	strains					1173:1179	These strains	1167:1179	These strains with structurally defined LOS profiles	1167:1218	These strains with structurally defined LOS profiles were then used to infect both macrophages and Acanthamoebae.
24235141	9	27	theme	inverse	1284:1290	arg1	correlation					1292:1302	An inverse correlation	1281:1302	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes	1281:1368	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	28	theme	class	1613:1617	arg1	mutants					1621:1627	class I mutants	1613:1627	class I mutants	1613:1627	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	3	29	theme	determinants	464:475	arg1	description					435:445	the description	431:445	the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae	431:528	However, the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.
24235141	0	30	theme	Increased	0:8	arg1	phagocytosis					10:21	Increased phagocytosis	0:21	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.	0:140	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	9	31	theme	mutant	1412:1417	arg1	classes					1419:1425	three mutant classes	1406:1425	three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III	1406:1638	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	7	32	theme	mutants	1158:1164	arg1	mutants					1158:1164	mutants	1158:1164	mutants	1158:1164	Biochemical and structural approaches allowed resolving the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants.
24235141	7	32	theme	mutants	1158:1164	arg1	set					1151:1153	this set	1146:1153	this set of mutants	1146:1164	Biochemical and structural approaches allowed resolving the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants.
24235141	9	33	theme	I	1619:1619	arg1	mutants					1621:1627	class I mutants	1613:1627	class I mutants	1613:1627	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	0	34	theme	Mycobacterium	26:38	arg1	mutants					48:54	Mycobacterium marinum mutants	26:54	Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production	26:98	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	4	35	theme	capable	612:618	arg1	glycolipids					600:610	cell surface-exposed glycolipids	579:610	cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system	579:655	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	4	35	theme	capable	612:618	arg1	Lipooligosaccharides					547:566	Lipooligosaccharides	547:566	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs)	547:573	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	3	36	with	interaction	490:500	arg1	amoebae					522:528	amoebae	522:528	amoebae	522:528	However, the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.
24235141	3	36	with	interaction	490:500	arg1	macrophages					507:517	macrophages	507:517	macrophages	507:517	However, the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.
24235141	10	37	theme	LOS	1802:1804	arg1	pattern					1806:1812	the LOS pattern	1798:1812	the LOS pattern	1798:1812	These results indicate that phagocytosis is conditioned by the LOS pattern and that the LOS pathway used by M. marinum in macrophages is conserved during infection of amoebae.
24235141	9	38	theme	LOS	1312:1314	arg1	completeness					1316:1327	LOS completeness	1312:1327	LOS completeness	1312:1327	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	6	39	theme	biosynthetic	987:998	arg1	MMAR_2321					1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	MMAR_2321	1014:1022	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	39	theme	biosynthetic	987:998	arg1	MMAR_2331					1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	MMAR_2331	1029:1037	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	39	theme	biosynthetic	987:998	arg1	wbbL2					1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	wbbL2	1007:1011	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	6	39	theme	biosynthetic	987:998	arg1	genes					1000:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes	952:1004	several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331)	952:1038	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	0	40	theme	mutants	48:54	arg1	phagocytosis					10:21	Increased phagocytosis	0:21	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.	0:140	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	9	41	theme	control	1723:1729	arg1	strain					1731:1736	the control strain	1719:1736	the control strain	1719:1736	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	42	dep	LOS-IV	1649:1654	arg1	MMAR_2319					1663:1671	MMAR_2319	1663:1671	MMAR_2319	1663:1671	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	42	dep	LOS-IV	1649:1654	arg1	MMAR_2321					1678:1686	MMAR_2321	1678:1686	MMAR_2321	1678:1686	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	42	dep	LOS-IV	1649:1654	arg1	losA					1657:1660	losA	1657:1660	losA	1657:1660	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	10	43	theme	LOS	1827:1829	arg1	pathway					1831:1837	the LOS pathway	1823:1837	the LOS pathway used by M. marinum in macrophages	1823:1871	These results indicate that phagocytosis is conditioned by the LOS pattern and that the LOS pathway used by M. marinum in macrophages is conserved during infection of amoebae.
24235141	9	44	theme	early	1524:1528	arg1	wbbL2					1549:1553	wbbL2	1549:1553	wbbL2	1549:1553	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	44	theme	early	1524:1528	arg1	intermediates					1534:1546	only early LOS intermediates	1519:1546	only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331)	1519:1568	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	44	theme	early	1524:1528	arg1	MMAR_2331					1559:1567	MMAR_2331	1559:1567	MMAR_2331	1559:1567	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	0	45	theme	marinum	40:46	arg1	mutants					48:54	Mycobacterium marinum mutants	26:54	Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production	26:98	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	4	46	theme	cell	579:582	arg1	glycolipids					600:610	cell surface-exposed glycolipids	579:610	cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system	579:655	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	4	46	theme	cell	579:582	arg1	Lipooligosaccharides					547:566	Lipooligosaccharides	547:566	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs)	547:573	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	3	47	theme	mycobacterial	450:462	arg1	determinants					464:475	mycobacterial determinants	450:475	mycobacterial determinants	450:475	However, the description of mycobacterial determinants in the early interaction with macrophages or amoebae remains elusive.
24235141	0	48	from	production	89:98	arg1	defective					56:64	defective	56:64	defective	56:64	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	9	49	theme	classes	1419:1425	arg1	proposal					1394:1401	the proposal	1390:1401	the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III	1390:1638	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	1	50	theme	occasional	258:267	arg1	pathogen					289:296	an occasional opportunistic human pathogen	255:296	an occasional opportunistic human pathogen	255:296	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	5	51	theme	professional	834:845	arg1	phagocytes					847:856	professional phagocytes	834:856	professional phagocytes	834:856	Herein, we addressed whether LOS composition affects the uptake of M. marinum by professional phagocytes.
24235141	7	52	theme	LOS	1115:1117	arg1	precursors					1119:1128	LOS precursors	1115:1128	LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants	1115:1164	Biochemical and structural approaches allowed resolving the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants.
24235141	8	53	theme	LOS	1207:1209	arg1	profiles					1211:1218	structurally defined LOS profiles	1186:1218	structurally defined LOS profiles	1186:1218	These strains with structurally defined LOS profiles were then used to infect both macrophages and Acanthamoebae.
24235141	1	54	theme	Mycobacterium	142:154	arg1	pathogen					180:187	a waterborne pathogen	167:187	a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms	167:246	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	1	54	theme	Mycobacterium	142:154	arg1	marinum					156:162	Mycobacterium marinum	142:162	Mycobacterium marinum	142:162	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	0	55	theme	defective	56:64	arg1	mutants					48:54	Mycobacterium marinum mutants	26:54	Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production	26:98	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	7	56	theme	precursors	1119:1128	arg1	structures					1101:1110	the structures	1097:1110	the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants	1097:1164	Biochemical and structural approaches allowed resolving the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants.
24235141	9	57	dep	class	1496:1500	arg1	less					1603:1606	less	1603:1606	less	1603:1606	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	57	dep	class	1496:1500	arg1	phagocytosed					1586:1597	phagocytosed	1586:1597	phagocytosed	1586:1597	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	57	dep	class	1496:1500	arg1	accumulating					1506:1517	accumulating	1506:1517	accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331)	1506:1568	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	10	58	theme	amoebae	1906:1912	arg1	infection					1893:1901	infection	1893:1901	infection of amoebae	1893:1912	These results indicate that phagocytosis is conditioned by the LOS pattern and that the LOS pathway used by M. marinum in macrophages is conserved during infection of amoebae.
24235141	4	59	with	interactions	708:719	arg1	macrophages					740:750	macrophages	740:750	macrophages	740:750	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	4	60	theme	surface-exposed	584:598	arg1	glycolipids					600:610	cell surface-exposed glycolipids	579:610	cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system	579:655	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	4	60	theme	surface-exposed	584:598	arg1	Lipooligosaccharides					547:566	Lipooligosaccharides	547:566	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs)	547:573	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	8	61	theme	defined	1199:1205	arg1	profiles					1211:1218	structurally defined LOS profiles	1186:1218	structurally defined LOS profiles	1186:1218	These strains with structurally defined LOS profiles were then used to infect both macrophages and Acanthamoebae.
24235141	9	62	theme	mycobacteria	1343:1354	arg1	uptake					1333:1338	uptake	1333:1338	uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes	1333:1368	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	62	theme	mycobacteria	1343:1354	arg1	completeness					1316:1327	LOS completeness	1312:1327	LOS completeness	1312:1327	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	10	63	theme	M.	1847:1848	arg1	marinum					1850:1856	M. marinum	1847:1856	M. marinum	1847:1856	These results indicate that phagocytosis is conditioned by the LOS pattern and that the LOS pathway used by M. marinum in macrophages is conserved during infection of amoebae.
24235141	1	64	theme	opportunistic	269:281	arg1	pathogen					289:296	an occasional opportunistic human pathogen	255:296	an occasional opportunistic human pathogen	255:296	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	8	65	with	strains	1173:1179	arg1	profiles					1211:1218	structurally defined LOS profiles	1186:1218	structurally defined LOS profiles	1186:1218	These strains with structurally defined LOS profiles were then used to infect both macrophages and Acanthamoebae.
24235141	6	66	theme	LOS	890:892	arg1	variants					894:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	1	67	theme	human	283:287	arg1	pathogen					289:296	an occasional opportunistic human pathogen	255:296	an occasional opportunistic human pathogen	255:296	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	9	68	theme	LOS	1530:1532	arg1	wbbL2					1549:1553	wbbL2	1549:1553	wbbL2	1549:1553	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	68	theme	LOS	1530:1532	arg1	intermediates					1534:1546	only early LOS intermediates	1519:1546	only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331)	1519:1568	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	9	68	theme	LOS	1530:1532	arg1	MMAR_2331					1559:1567	MMAR_2331	1559:1567	MMAR_2331	1559:1567	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	6	69	theme	truncated	880:888	arg1	variants					894:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	various truncated LOS variants	872:901	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	0	70	dep	phagocytosis	10:21	arg1	study					135:139	a structure-activity relationship study	101:139	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.	0:140	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	7	71	theme	structural	1057:1066	arg1	approaches					1068:1077	Biochemical and structural approaches	1041:1077	Biochemical and structural approaches	1041:1077	Biochemical and structural approaches allowed resolving the structures of LOS precursors accumulating in this set of mutants.
24235141	1	72	theme	waterborne	169:178	arg1	pathogen					180:187	a waterborne pathogen	167:187	a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms	167:246	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	1	72	theme	waterborne	169:178	arg1	marinum					156:162	Mycobacterium marinum	142:162	Mycobacterium marinum	142:162	Mycobacterium marinum is a waterborne pathogen responsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human pathogen.
24235141	4	73	theme	early	702:706	arg1	interactions					708:719	the early interactions	698:719	the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages	698:750	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	0	74	theme	lipooligosaccharide	69:87	arg1	production					89:98	lipooligosaccharide production	69:98	lipooligosaccharide production	69:98	Increased phagocytosis of Mycobacterium marinum mutants defective in lipooligosaccharide production: a structure-activity relationship study.
24235141	6	75	theme	genes	1000:1004	arg1	identification					934:947	the identification	930:947	the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331)	930:1038	Mutants with various truncated LOS variants were generated, leading to the identification of several previously uncharacterized biosynthetic genes (wbbL2, MMAR_2321, and MMAR_2331).
24235141	9	76	theme	LOS	1455:1457	arg1	devoid					1445:1450	devoid	1445:1450	devoid	1445:1450	An inverse correlation between LOS completeness and uptake of mycobacteria by phagocytes was found, allowing the proposal of three mutant classes: class I (papA4), devoid of LOS and highly efficiently phagocytosed; class II, accumulating only early LOS intermediates (wbbL2 and MMAR_2331) and efficiently phagocytosed but less than class I mutants; class III, lacking LOS-IV (losA, MMAR_2319, and MMAR_2321) and phagocytosed similarly to the control strain.
24235141	4	77	theme	marinum	727:733	arg1	interactions					708:719	the early interactions	698:719	the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages	698:750	Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are cell surface-exposed glycolipids capable of modulating the host immune system, suggesting that they may be involved in the early interactions of M. marinum with macrophages.
24235141	5	78	theme	LOS	782:784	arg1	composition					786:796	LOS composition	782:796	LOS composition	782:796	Herein, we addressed whether LOS composition affects the uptake of M. marinum by professional phagocytes.
26617043	4	0	dep	terpenes	738:745	arg1	terpenes					738:745	terpenes	738:745	terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral)	738:792	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	0	dep	terpenes	738:745	arg1	α-citral					784:791	α-citral	784:791	α-citral	784:791	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	0	dep	terpenes	738:745	arg1	p-cymene					771:778	p-cymene	771:778	p-cymene	771:778	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	0	dep	terpenes	738:745	arg1	γ-terpinene					758:768	γ-terpinene	758:768	γ-terpinene	758:768	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	0	dep	terpenes	738:745	arg1	limonene					748:755	limonene	748:755	limonene	748:755	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	2	1	used	used	259:262	arg2	GC-MS					249:253	GC-MS	249:253	GC-MS	249:253	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	5	2	theme	chitosan	916:923	arg1	coatings					925:932	chitosan coatings	916:932	chitosan coatings	916:932	No effect of chitosan coatings was sensorially perceived, the changes induced by lemon essential oil were notably appreciated.
26617043	4	3	theme	fermentative	834:845	arg1	process					847:853	the fermentative process	830:853	the fermentative process	830:853	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	0	4	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	profile					60:66	volatile profile	51:66	volatile profile of	51:69	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of strawberries during storage.
26617043	5	5	theme	coatings	925:932	arg1	effect					906:911	No effect	903:911	No effect of chitosan coatings	903:932	No effect of chitosan coatings was sensorially perceived, the changes induced by lemon essential oil were notably appreciated.
26617043	4	6	theme	dimethyl	627:634	arg1	furfural					636:643	dimethyl furfural	627:643	dimethyl furfural	627:643	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	2	7	theme	fruits	487:492	arg1	profile					472:478	the volatile profile	459:478	the volatile profile of the fruits	459:492	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	3	8	theme	metabolic	521:529	arg1	pathways					531:538	the metabolic pathways	517:538	the metabolic pathways	517:538	The coatings affected the metabolic pathways and volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	2	9	with	coatings	382:389	arg1	chitosan					396:403	chitosan	396:403	chitosan	396:403	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	4	10	theme	fruit	801:805	arg1	volatiles					807:815	the fruit volatiles	797:815	the fruit volatiles	797:815	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	2	11	theme	fruit	376:380	arg1	coatings					382:389	fruit coatings	376:389	fruit coatings	376:389	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	5	12	theme	lemon	984:988	arg1	oil					1000:1002	lemon essential oil	984:1002	lemon essential oil	984:1002	No effect of chitosan coatings was sensorially perceived, the changes induced by lemon essential oil were notably appreciated.
26617043	4	13	theme	lemon	705:709	arg1	oil					721:723	lemon essential oil	705:723	lemon essential oil	705:723	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	1	14	theme	fruit	193:197	arg1	decay					206:210	fruit fungal decay	193:210	fruit fungal decay at 20°C	193:218	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	3	15	theme	volatile	544:551	arg1	profile					553:559	volatile profile	544:559	volatile profile	544:559	The coatings affected the metabolic pathways and volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	1	16	theme	fungal	199:204	arg1	decay					206:210	fruit fungal decay	193:210	fruit fungal decay at 20°C	193:218	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	0	17	theme	essential	25:33	arg1	coatings					39:46	chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings	10:46	chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings	10:46	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of strawberries during storage.
26617043	4	18	theme	aroma	884:888	arg1	composition					890:900	the typical fruit aroma composition	866:900	the typical fruit aroma composition	866:900	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	2	19	theme	volatile	284:291	arg1	compounds					293:301	the volatile compounds	280:301	the volatile compounds of strawberries	280:317	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	0	20	theme	chitosan-lemon	10:23	arg1	coatings					39:46	chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings	10:46	chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings	10:46	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of strawberries during storage.
26617043	4	21	contain	containing	694:703	arg2	oil					721:723	lemon essential oil	705:723	lemon essential oil	705:723	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	21	contain	containing	694:703	arg1	coatings					685:692	coatings	685:692	coatings containing lemon essential oil	685:723	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	22	theme	fruit	878:882	arg1	composition					890:900	the typical fruit aroma composition	866:900	the typical fruit aroma composition	866:900	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	23	theme	essential	711:719	arg1	oil					721:723	lemon essential oil	705:723	lemon essential oil	705:723	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	0	24	theme	coatings	39:46	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of	0:69	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of strawberries during storage.
26617043	2	25	theme	cold	326:329	arg1	storage					331:337	cold storage	326:337	cold storage	326:337	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	4	26	theme	furfural	636:643	arg1	formation					603:611	the formation	599:611	the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural	599:643	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	4	27	theme	esters	616:621	arg1	formation					603:611	the formation	599:611	the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural	599:643	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	0	28	theme	oil	35:37	arg1	coatings					39:46	chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings	10:46	chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings	10:46	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of strawberries during storage.
26617043	2	29	dep	coatings	382:389	arg1	containing					406:415	containing	406:415	containing	406:415	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	2	29	dep	coatings	382:389	arg1	containing					424:433	containing	424:433	not containing lemon essential oil	420:453	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	1	30	from	20°C	215:218	arg1	decay					206:210	fruit fungal decay	193:210	fruit fungal decay at 20°C	193:218	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	2	31	theme	coatings	382:389	arg1	influence					363:371	the influence	359:371	the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits	359:492	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	0	32	theme	volatile	51:58	arg1	profile					60:66	volatile profile	51:66	volatile profile of	51:69	Effect of chitosan-lemon essential oil coatings on volatile profile of strawberries during storage.
26617043	2	33	theme	volatile	463:470	arg1	profile					472:478	the volatile profile	459:478	the volatile profile of the fruits	459:492	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	5	34	theme	essential	990:998	arg1	oil					1000:1002	lemon essential oil	984:1002	lemon essential oil	984:1002	No effect of chitosan coatings was sensorially perceived, the changes induced by lemon essential oil were notably appreciated.
26617043	2	35	theme	lemon	435:439	arg1	oil					451:453	lemon essential oil	435:453	lemon essential oil	435:453	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	1	36	theme	lemon	129:133	arg1	oils					145:148	lemon essential oils	129:148	lemon essential oils	129:148	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	4	37	theme	typical	870:876	arg1	composition					890:900	the typical fruit aroma composition	866:900	the typical fruit aroma composition	866:900	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	3	38	theme	fruits	568:573	arg1	pathways					531:538	the metabolic pathways	517:538	the metabolic pathways	517:538	The coatings affected the metabolic pathways and volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	3	38	theme	fruits	568:573	arg1	profile					553:559	volatile profile	544:559	volatile profile	544:559	The coatings affected the metabolic pathways and volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	1	39	theme	essential	135:143	arg1	oils					145:148	lemon essential oils	129:148	lemon essential oils	129:148	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	1	40	theme	Chitosan	100:107	arg1	coatings					109:116	Chitosan coatings	100:116	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils	100:148	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	4	41	theme	Pure	576:579	arg1	chitosan					581:588	Pure chitosan	576:588	Pure chitosan	576:588	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	2	42	from	influence	363:371	arg1	profile					472:478	the volatile profile	459:478	the volatile profile of the fruits	459:492	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	2	43	theme	strawberries	306:317	arg1	compounds					293:301	the volatile compounds	280:301	the volatile compounds of strawberries	280:317	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
26617043	1	44	contain	containing	118:127	arg2	oils					145:148	lemon essential oils	129:148	lemon essential oils	129:148	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	1	44	contain	containing	118:127	arg1	coatings					109:116	Chitosan coatings	100:116	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils	100:148	Chitosan coatings containing lemon essential oils were described as effective at controlling fruit fungal decay at 20°C during 7 days.
26617043	4	45	theme	short	653:657	arg1	time					659:662	very short time	648:662	very short time after coating	648:676	Pure chitosan promoted the formation of esters and dimethyl furfural in very short time after coating, while coatings containing lemon essential oil incorporated terpenes (limonene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene and α-citral) to the fruit volatiles and enhanced the fermentative process, modifying the typical fruit aroma composition.
26617043	2	46	theme	essential	441:449	arg1	oil					451:453	lemon essential oil	435:453	lemon essential oil	435:453	In this work, GC-MS was used to characterise the volatile compounds of strawberries during cold storage in order to analyse the influence of fruit coatings with chitosan, containing or not containing lemon essential oil, on the volatile profile of the fruits.
28249823	3	0	theme	release	641:647	arg1	behaviour					649:657	Drug release behaviour	636:657	Drug release behaviour	636:657	Drug release behaviour was assessed in vitro (buffer pH6.8).
28249823	1	1	theme	conventional	152:163	arg1	ESp					182:184	ESp	182:184	ESp	182:184	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	1	theme	conventional	152:163	arg1	electrospinning					165:179	conventional electrospinning	152:179	conventional electrospinning (ESp)	152:185	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	2	2	theme	Raman	547:551	arg1	spectroscopy					553:564	Raman spectroscopy	547:564	Raman spectroscopy	547:564	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	6	3	theme	excipients	915:924	arg1	presence					897:904	The presence	893:904	The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices	893:948	The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices was confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.
28249823	0	4	theme	anti-inflammatory	106:122	arg1	NSAID					130:134	NSAID	130:134	NSAID	130:134	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	0	4	theme	anti-inflammatory	106:122	arg1	drug					124:127	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	92:127	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)	92:135	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	7	5	theme	filamentous	1032:1042	arg1	structures					1044:1053	filamentous structures	1032:1053	filamentous structures	1032:1053	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	8	6	theme	film	1280:1283	arg1	forms					1297:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	6	7	theme	other	909:913	arg1	excipients					915:924	other excipients	909:924	other excipients	909:924	The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices was confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.
28249823	0	8	theme	non-steroidal	92:104	arg1	NSAID					130:134	NSAID	130:134	NSAID	130:134	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	0	8	theme	non-steroidal	92:104	arg1	drug					124:127	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	92:127	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)	92:135	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	8	9	theme	tailored	1271:1278	arg1	forms					1297:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	8	10	from	conditions	1223:1232	arg1	operational					1200:1210	operational	1200:1210	operational	1200:1210	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	5	11	theme	amorphous	821:829	arg1	state					831:835	the amorphous state	817:835	the amorphous state	817:835	INDO was encapsulated in the amorphous state once electrospun as evidenced from DSC and XRD studies.
28249823	6	12	theme	fibrous	933:939	arg1	matrices					941:948	fibrous matrices	933:948	fibrous matrices	933:948	The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices was confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.
28249823	7	13	theme	fine-tune	1123:1131	arg1	forms					1141:1145	'fine-tune' dosage forms	1122:1145	'fine-tune' dosage forms	1122:1145	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	7	14	theme	INDO	1022:1025	arg1	release					1011:1017	release	1011:1017	release of INDO from filamentous structures	1011:1053	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	7	14	theme	INDO	1022:1025	arg1	Loading					999:1005	Loading	999:1005	Loading	999:1005	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	8	15	theme	dosage	1290:1295	arg1	forms					1297:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	7	16	from	structures	1044:1053	arg1	release					1011:1017	release	1011:1017	release of INDO from filamentous structures	1011:1053	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	7	16	from	structures	1044:1053	arg1	Loading					999:1005	Loading	999:1005	Loading	999:1005	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	0	17	theme	drug	124:127	arg1	delivery					80:87	buccal delivery	73:87	buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)	73:135	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	2	18	theme	scanning	580:587	arg1	DSC					602:604	DSC	602:604	DSC	602:604	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	18	theme	scanning	580:587	arg1	calorimetry					589:599	differential scanning calorimetry	567:599	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	567:605	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	8	19	theme	type	1285:1288	arg1	forms					1297:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	tailored film type dosage forms	1271:1301	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	2	20	theme	differential	567:578	arg1	DSC					602:604	DSC	602:604	DSC	602:604	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	20	theme	differential	567:578	arg1	calorimetry					589:599	differential scanning calorimetry	567:599	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	567:605	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	21	theme	atomic	468:473	arg1	microscopy					481:490	atomic force microscopy	468:490	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	468:496	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	21	theme	atomic	468:473	arg1	AFM					493:495	AFM	493:495	AFM	493:495	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	8	22	theme	preparation	1177:1187	arg1	method					1189:1194	a one-step preparation method	1166:1194	a one-step preparation method	1166:1194	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	8	22	theme	preparation	1177:1187	arg1	ESp					1159:1161	ESp	1159:1161	ESp	1159:1161	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	4	23	theme	process	771:777	arg1	formulation					779:789	the process formulation	767:789	the process formulation	767:789	SEM revealed film morphology and mean fibre diameter was dependent on the process formulation.
28249823	5	24	theme	DSC	872:874	arg1	studies					884:890	DSC and XRD studies	872:890	DSC and XRD studies	872:890	INDO was encapsulated in the amorphous state once electrospun as evidenced from DSC and XRD studies.
28249823	0	25	theme	electrospun	52:62	arg1	characterisation					16:31	characterisation	16:31	characterisation	16:31	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	0	25	theme	electrospun	52:62	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	8	26	theme	one-step	1168:1175	arg1	method					1189:1194	a one-step preparation method	1166:1194	a one-step preparation method	1166:1194	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	8	26	theme	one-step	1168:1175	arg1	ESp					1159:1161	ESp	1159:1161	ESp	1159:1161	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	2	27	theme	X-ray	611:615	arg1	diffraction					617:627	X-ray diffraction	611:627	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	611:633	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	27	theme	X-ray	611:615	arg1	XRD					630:632	XRD	630:632	XRD	630:632	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	6	28	theme	Raman	979:983	arg1	spectroscopy					985:996	FTIR and Raman spectroscopy	970:996	spectroscopy	985:996	The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices was confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.
28249823	1	29	theme	nonsteroidal	265:276	arg1	drug					296:299	a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug	263:299	a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug	263:299	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	29	theme	nonsteroidal	265:276	arg1	INDO					257:260	INDO	257:260	INDO	257:260	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	5	30	theme	XRD	880:882	arg1	studies					884:890	DSC and XRD studies	872:890	DSC and XRD studies	872:890	INDO was encapsulated in the amorphous state once electrospun as evidenced from DSC and XRD studies.
28249823	9	31	theme	dosage	1360:1365	arg1	forms					1367:1371	dosage forms	1360:1371	dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups	1360:1421	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	9	32	theme	single	1388:1393	arg1	step					1395:1398	a single step	1386:1398	a single step for various age groups	1386:1421	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	0	33	theme	based	46:50	arg1	electrospun					52:62	cellulose based electrospun	36:62	cellulose based electrospun	36:62	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	1	34	theme	anti-inflammatory	278:294	arg1	drug					296:299	a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug	263:299	a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug	263:299	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	34	theme	anti-inflammatory	278:294	arg1	INDO					257:260	INDO	257:260	INDO	257:260	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	6	35	theme	FTIR	970:973	arg1	spectroscopy					985:996	FTIR and Raman spectroscopy	970:996	spectroscopy	985:996	The presence of other excipients within fibrous matrices was confirmed using FTIR and Raman spectroscopy.
28249823	0	36	theme	cellulose	36:44	arg1	electrospun					52:62	cellulose based electrospun	36:62	cellulose based electrospun	36:62	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	4	37	theme	fibre	735:739	arg1	diameter					741:748	mean fibre diameter	730:748	mean fibre diameter	730:748	SEM revealed film morphology and mean fibre diameter was dependent on the process formulation.
28249823	2	38	theme	force	475:479	arg1	microscopy					481:490	atomic force microscopy	468:490	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	468:496	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	38	theme	force	475:479	arg1	AFM					493:495	AFM	493:495	AFM	493:495	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	39	theme	electron	438:445	arg1	SEM					459:461	SEM	459:461	SEM	459:461	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	39	theme	electron	438:445	arg1	microscopy					447:456	scanning electron microscopy	429:456	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	429:462	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	7	40	theme	dosage	1134:1139	arg1	forms					1141:1145	'fine-tune' dosage forms	1122:1145	'fine-tune' dosage forms	1122:1145	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	9	41	dep	forms	1367:1371	arg1	needed					1376:1381	needed	1376:1381	needed in a single step for various age groups	1376:1421	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	9	42	theme	various	1404:1410	arg1	groups					1416:1421	various age groups	1404:1421	various age groups	1404:1421	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	2	43	theme	scanning	429:436	arg1	SEM					459:461	SEM	459:461	SEM	459:461	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	43	theme	scanning	429:436	arg1	microscopy					447:456	scanning electron microscopy	429:456	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	429:462	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	3	44	dep	assessed	663:670	arg1	buffer					682:687	buffer pH6.8	682:693	buffer pH6.8	682:693	Drug release behaviour was assessed in vitro (buffer pH6.8).
28249823	1	45	theme	various	370:376	arg1	concentrations					378:391	various concentrations	370:391	various concentrations	370:391	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	46	used	used	191:194	arg2	electrospinning					165:179	conventional electrospinning	152:179	conventional electrospinning (ESp)	152:185	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	46	used	used	191:194	arg2	ESp					182:184	ESp	182:184	ESp	182:184	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	8	47	theme	ambient	1215:1221	arg1	conditions					1223:1232	ambient conditions	1215:1232	ambient conditions	1215:1232	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	7	48	theme	formulation	1073:1083	arg1	composition					1085:1095	formulation composition	1073:1095	formulation composition	1073:1095	Loading and release of INDO from filamentous structures was influenced by formulation composition; indicating potential to 'fine-tune' dosage forms.
28249823	2	49	theme	infrared	517:524	arg1	spectroscopy					526:537	infrared spectroscopy	517:537	infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	517:544	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	2	49	theme	infrared	517:524	arg1	FTIR					540:543	FTIR	540:543	FTIR	540:543	The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
28249823	4	50	theme	film	710:713	arg1	morphology					715:724	film morphology	710:724	film morphology	710:724	SEM revealed film morphology and mean fibre diameter was dependent on the process formulation.
28249823	0	51	theme	buccal	73:78	arg1	delivery					80:87	buccal delivery	73:87	buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)	73:135	Development and characterisation of cellulose based electrospun mats for buccal delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
28249823	1	52	dep	indomethacin	243:254	arg1	drug					296:299	a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug	263:299	a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug	263:299	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	52	dep	indomethacin	243:254	arg1	INDO					257:260	INDO	257:260	INDO	257:260	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	4	53	theme	mean	730:733	arg1	diameter					741:748	mean fibre diameter	730:748	mean fibre diameter	730:748	SEM revealed film morphology and mean fibre diameter was dependent on the process formulation.
28249823	9	54	theme	age	1412:1414	arg1	groups					1416:1421	various age groups	1404:1421	various age groups	1404:1421	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	1	55	theme	buccal	219:224	arg1	films					226:230	buccal films	219:230	buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations	219:391	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	3	56	theme	Drug	636:639	arg1	behaviour					649:657	Drug release behaviour	636:657	Drug release behaviour	636:657	Drug release behaviour was assessed in vitro (buffer pH6.8).
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg2	indomethacin					243:254	indomethacin	243:254	indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)	243:300	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg2	10					312:313	10	312:313	10	312:313	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg1	films					226:230	buccal films	219:230	buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations	219:391	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg2	Tween®					357:362	Tween®	357:362	Tween®	357:362	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg2	Ethocel					303:309	Ethocel	303:309	Ethocel (10)	303:314	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg2	hydroxypropylmethylcellulose					317:344	hydroxypropylmethylcellulose	317:344	hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)	317:351	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	1	57	contain	containing	232:241	arg2	HPMC					347:350	HPMC	347:350	HPMC	347:350	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28249823	8	58	theme	attractive	1238:1247	arg1	route					1249:1253	an attractive route	1235:1253	an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms	1235:1301	Given that ESp is a one-step preparation method and operational at ambient conditions; an attractive route for engineering tailored film type dosage forms is presented.
28249823	9	59	theme	valuable	1327:1334	arg1	This					1317:1320	This	1317:1320	This	1317:1320	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	9	59	theme	valuable	1327:1334	arg1	approach					1336:1343	a valuable approach	1325:1343	a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups	1325:1421	This is a valuable approach for optimizing dosage forms as needed in a single step for various age groups.
28249823	1	60	theme	films	226:230	arg1	series					209:214	a series	207:214	a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations	207:391	In this study conventional electrospinning (ESp) was used to prepare a series of buccal films containing indomethacin (INDO, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), Ethocel (10), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and Tween® 80 at various concentrations.
28539660	3	0	theme	storage	386:392	arg1	roots					394:398	storage roots	386:398	storage roots	386:398	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	5	1	with	frequency	674:682	arg1	degree					699:704	degree	699:704	degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8	699:731	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	3	2	located	detected	359:366	arg1	leaves					375:380	leaves	375:380	leaves	375:380	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	3	2	located	detected	359:366	arg1	roots					394:398	storage roots	386:398	storage roots	386:398	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	3	2	located	detected	359:366	arg2	level					340:344	A high expression level	322:344	A high expression level of IbSSI	322:353	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	4	3	theme	transgenic	587:596	arg1	plants					598:603	the transgenic plants	583:603	the transgenic plants	583:603	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	5	4	theme	IbSSI-overexpressing	845:864	arg1	plants					866:871	the IbSSI-overexpressing plants	841:871	the IbSSI-overexpressing plants	841:871	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	6	5	theme	chains	976:981	arg1	synthesis					963:971	the synthesis	959:971	the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat	959:1110	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	8	6	theme	starch	1337:1342	arg1	quality					1326:1332	quality	1326:1332	quality	1326:1332	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	8	6	theme	starch	1337:1342	arg1	content					1314:1320	content	1314:1320	content	1314:1320	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	7	7	theme	granule	1219:1225	arg1	size					1227:1230	granule size	1219:1230	granule size	1219:1230	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	4	8	theme	interference	649:660	arg1	plants					662:667	RNA interference plants	645:667	RNA interference plants	645:667	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	4	9	theme	starch	554:559	arg1	genes					574:578	starch biosynthetic genes	554:578	starch biosynthetic genes	554:578	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	5	10	theme	chains	808:813	arg1	proportion					794:803	the proportion	790:803	the proportion of chains with DP 9-25	790:826	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	6	11	with	chains	976:981	arg1	DP					988:989	DP	988:989	DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat	988:1110	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	6	12	theme	chain	1042:1046	arg1	length					1048:1053	a different chain length	1030:1053	a different chain length spectrum	1030:1062	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	4	13	theme	RNA	645:647	arg1	interference					649:660	RNA interference	645:660	RNA interference plants	645:667	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	7	14	from	content	1197:1203	arg1	potato					1265:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	4	15	theme	granule	480:486	arg1	size					488:491	granule size	480:491	granule size	480:491	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	0	16	theme	granule	74:80	arg1	size					82:85	granule size	74:85	granule size	74:85	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	8	17	theme	sweet	1347:1351	arg1	potato					1353:1358	sweet potato and other plants	1347:1375	potato	1353:1358	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	3	18	theme	sweet	407:411	arg1	potato					413:418	the sweet potato	403:418	the sweet potato	403:418	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	3	19	theme	expression	329:338	arg1	level					340:344	A high expression level	322:344	A high expression level of IbSSI	322:353	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	8	20	theme	other	1364:1368	arg1	plants					1370:1375	sweet potato and other plants	1347:1375	plants	1370:1375	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	3	21	theme	high	324:327	arg1	level					340:344	A high expression level	322:344	A high expression level of IbSSI	322:353	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	5	22	theme	starch	774:779	arg1	fraction					762:769	the amylopectin fraction	746:769	the amylopectin fraction of starch	746:779	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	7	23	from	composition	1206:1216	arg1	potato					1265:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	6	24	dep	17	1009:1010	arg1	to					1006:1007	to	1006:1007	to	1006:1007	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	0	25	theme	soluble	2:8	arg1	gene					28:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	25	theme	soluble	2:8	arg1	IbSSI					34:38	IbSSI	34:38	IbSSI	34:38	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	26	dep	content	52:58	arg1	the					48:50	the	48:50	the	48:50	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	1	27	theme	Soluble	139:145	arg1	enzyme					180:185	a key enzyme	174:185	a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin	174:226	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	1	27	theme	Soluble	139:145	arg1	synthase					154:161	Soluble starch synthase I	139:163	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI)	139:169	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	1	27	theme	Soluble	139:145	arg1	SSI					166:168	SSI	166:168	SSI	166:168	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	8	28	used	utilized	1290:1297	arg2	gene					1278:1281	This gene	1273:1281	This gene	1273:1281	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	7	29	theme	sweet	1259:1263	arg1	potato					1265:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	2	30	theme	sweet	282:286	arg1	crop					316:319	an important starch crop	296:319	an important starch crop	296:319	In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop.
28539660	2	30	theme	sweet	282:286	arg1	potato					288:293	sweet potato	282:293	sweet potato	282:293	In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop.
28539660	0	31	theme	synthase	17:24	arg1	gene					28:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	31	theme	synthase	17:24	arg1	IbSSI					34:38	IbSSI	34:38	IbSSI	34:38	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	1	32	theme	plant	210:214	arg1	amylopectin					216:226	plant amylopectin	210:226	plant amylopectin	210:226	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	8	33	from	quality	1326:1332	arg1	potato					1353:1358	sweet potato and other plants	1347:1375	potato	1353:1358	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	8	33	from	quality	1326:1332	arg1	plants					1370:1375	sweet potato and other plants	1347:1375	plants	1370:1375	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	7	34	from	size	1227:1230	arg1	potato					1265:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	7	35	from	structure	1236:1244	arg1	potato					1265:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	sweet potato	1259:1270	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	0	36	theme	starch	10:15	arg1	gene					28:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	36	theme	starch	10:15	arg1	IbSSI					34:38	IbSSI	34:38	IbSSI	34:38	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	1	37	theme	amylopectin	216:226	arg1	biosynthesis					194:205	the biosynthesis	190:205	the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin	190:226	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	3	38	dep	leaves	375:380	arg1	the					371:373	the	371:373	the	371:373	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	0	39	from	content	52:58	arg1	potato					131:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	7	40	theme	starch	1249:1254	arg1	composition					1206:1216	composition	1206:1216	composition	1206:1216	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	7	40	theme	starch	1249:1254	arg1	size					1227:1230	granule size	1219:1230	granule size	1219:1230	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	7	40	theme	starch	1249:1254	arg1	content					1197:1203	content	1197:1203	content	1197:1203	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	7	40	theme	starch	1249:1254	arg1	structure					1236:1244	structure	1236:1244	structure	1236:1244	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	7	41	theme	important	1162:1170	arg1	roles					1172:1176	important roles	1162:1176	important roles	1162:1176	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	1	42	from	enzyme	180:185	arg1	biosynthesis					194:205	the biosynthesis	190:205	the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin	190:226	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	7	43	theme	IbSSI	1145:1149	arg1	gene					1151:1154	the IbSSI gene	1141:1154	the IbSSI gene	1141:1154	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	4	44	theme	amylopectin	525:535	arg1	content					468:474	content	468:474	content	468:474	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	4	44	theme	amylopectin	525:535	arg1	size					488:491	granule size	480:491	granule size	480:491	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	4	44	theme	amylopectin	525:535	arg1	proportion					511:520	the proportion	507:520	the proportion of amylopectin	507:535	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	1	45	theme	starch	147:152	arg1	enzyme					180:185	a key enzyme	174:185	a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin	174:226	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	1	45	theme	starch	147:152	arg1	synthase					154:161	Soluble starch synthase I	139:163	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI)	139:169	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	1	45	theme	starch	147:152	arg1	SSI					166:168	SSI	166:168	SSI	166:168	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	2	46	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	crop					316:319	an important starch crop	296:319	an important starch crop	296:319	In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop.
28539660	2	46	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	potato					288:293	sweet potato	282:293	sweet potato	282:293	In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop.
28539660	0	47	theme	I	26:26	arg1	gene					28:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene	0:31	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	47	theme	I	26:26	arg1	IbSSI					34:38	IbSSI	34:38	IbSSI	34:38	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	5	48	with	chains	808:813	arg1	DP					820:821	DP 9-25	820:826	DP 9-25	820:826	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	2	49	theme	important	299:307	arg1	crop					316:319	an important starch crop	296:319	an important starch crop	296:319	In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop.
28539660	2	49	theme	important	299:307	arg1	potato					288:293	sweet potato	282:293	sweet potato	282:293	In this study, the gene named IbSSI, was cloned from sweet potato, an important starch crop.
28539660	4	50	dep	content	468:474	arg1	the					464:466	the	464:466	the	464:466	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	5	51	dep	decreased	733:741	arg1	whereas					782:788	whereas	782:788	whereas	782:788	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	5	52	theme	chains	687:692	arg1	frequency					674:682	The frequency	670:682	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8	670:731	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	0	53	theme	starch	104:109	arg1	structure					91:99	structure	91:99	structure	91:99	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	53	theme	starch	104:109	arg1	composition					61:71	composition	61:71	composition	61:71	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	53	theme	starch	104:109	arg1	size					82:85	granule size	74:85	granule size	74:85	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	53	theme	starch	104:109	arg1	content					52:58	content	52:58	content	52:58	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	4	54	theme	biosynthetic	561:572	arg1	genes					574:578	starch biosynthetic genes	554:578	starch biosynthetic genes	554:578	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	6	55	from	counterparts	1081:1092	arg1	wheat					1106:1110	wheat	1106:1110	wheat	1106:1110	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	6	55	from	counterparts	1081:1092	arg1	rice					1097:1100	rice	1097:1100	rice	1097:1100	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	5	56	theme	WT	887:888	arg1	plants					890:895	WT plants	887:895	WT plants	887:895	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	0	57	theme	sweet	125:129	arg1	potato					131:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	6	58	theme	Further	898:904	arg1	analysis					906:913	Further analysis	898:913	Further analysis	898:913	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	5	59	theme	amylopectin	750:760	arg1	fraction					762:769	the amylopectin fraction	746:769	the amylopectin fraction of starch	746:779	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	4	60	theme	starch	496:501	arg1	content					468:474	content	468:474	content	468:474	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	4	60	theme	starch	496:501	arg1	size					488:491	granule size	480:491	granule size	480:491	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	4	60	theme	starch	496:501	arg1	proportion					511:520	the proportion	507:520	the proportion of amylopectin	507:535	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	0	61	theme	transgenic	114:123	arg1	potato					131:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	0	62	from	composition	61:71	arg1	potato					131:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	5	63	theme	polymerization	709:722	arg1	degree					699:704	degree	699:704	degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8	699:731	The frequency of chains with degree of polymerization (DP) 5-8 decreased in the amylopectin fraction of starch, whereas the proportion of chains with DP 9-25 increased in the IbSSI-overexpressing plants compared with WT plants.
28539660	4	64	theme	wild-type	619:627	arg1	WT					637:638	WT	637:638	WT	637:638	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	4	64	theme	wild-type	619:627	arg1	plants					629:634	wild-type plants	619:634	wild-type plants (WT)	619:639	Its overexpression significantly increased the content and granule size of starch and the proportion of amylopectin by up-regulating starch biosynthetic genes in the transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants (WT) and RNA interference plants.
28539660	8	65	from	content	1314:1320	arg1	potato					1353:1358	sweet potato and other plants	1347:1375	potato	1353:1358	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	8	65	from	content	1314:1320	arg1	plants					1370:1375	sweet potato and other plants	1347:1375	plants	1370:1375	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	0	66	from	structure	91:99	arg1	potato					131:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	8	67	dep	content	1314:1320	arg1	the					1310:1312	the	1310:1312	the	1310:1312	This gene may be utilized to improve the content and quality of starch in sweet potato and other plants.
28539660	3	68	theme	IbSSI	349:353	arg1	level					340:344	A high expression level	322:344	A high expression level of IbSSI	322:353	A high expression level of IbSSI was detected in the leaves and storage roots of the sweet potato.
28539660	7	69	dep	content	1197:1203	arg1	the					1193:1195	the	1193:1195	the	1193:1195	These findings suggest that the IbSSI gene plays important roles in determining the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in sweet potato.
28539660	6	70	theme	different	1032:1040	arg1	length					1048:1053	a different chain length	1030:1053	a different chain length spectrum	1030:1062	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	0	71	from	size	82:85	arg1	potato					131:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	transgenic sweet potato	114:136	A soluble starch synthase I gene, IbSSI, alters the content, composition, granule size and structure of starch in transgenic sweet potato.
28539660	6	72	theme	length	1048:1053	arg1	spectrum					1055:1062	a different chain length spectrum	1030:1062	a different chain length spectrum	1030:1062	Further analysis demonstrated that IbSSI was responsible for the synthesis of chains with DP ranging from 9 to 17, which represents a different chain length spectrum in vivo from its counterparts in rice and wheat.
28539660	1	73	theme	key	176:178	arg1	synthase					154:161	Soluble starch synthase I	139:163	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI)	139:169	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28539660	1	73	theme	key	176:178	arg1	enzyme					180:185	a key enzyme	174:185	a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin	174:226	Soluble starch synthase I (SSI) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of plant amylopectin.
28821771	7	0	from	appearance	1173:1182	arg1	regions					1240:1246	subapical intercellular regions	1216:1246	subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1216:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	3	1	theme	concentration	475:487	arg1	gradients					489:497	their concentration gradients	469:497	their concentration gradients in the cold	469:509	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	5	2	theme	epithelial	742:751	arg1	function					761:768	epithelial barrier function	742:768	epithelial barrier function	742:768	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	7	3	from	changes	1104:1110	arg1	abundance					1119:1127	the abundance	1115:1127	the abundance of select septate junction proteins	1115:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	3	from	changes	1104:1110	arg1	appearance					1173:1182	the appearance	1169:1182	the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1169:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	4	4	theme	warm-acclimated	671:685	arg1	flies					687:691	warm-acclimated flies	671:691	warm-acclimated flies	671:691	Many insects, however, are capable of adjusting their thermal physiology, and cold-acclimated Drosophila can maintain homeostasis and avoid injury better than warm-acclimated flies.
28821771	8	5	theme	paracellular	1319:1330	arg1	leak					1332:1335	paracellular leak	1319:1335	paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect	1319:1365	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	7	6	theme	proteins	1156:1163	arg1	appearance					1173:1182	the appearance	1169:1182	the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1169:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	6	theme	proteins	1156:1163	arg1	abundance					1119:1127	the abundance	1115:1127	the abundance of select septate junction proteins	1115:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	3	7	from	gradients	489:497	arg1	cold					506:509	the cold	502:509	the cold	502:509	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	8	8	theme	susceptible	1348:1358	arg1	insect					1360:1365	a chill susceptible insect	1340:1365	a chill susceptible insect	1340:1365	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	2	9	theme	water	304:308	arg1	homeostasis					310:320	ion and water homeostasis	296:320	homeostasis	310:320	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	8	10	theme	chill	1342:1346	arg1	insect					1360:1365	a chill susceptible insect	1340:1365	a chill susceptible insect	1340:1365	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	7	11	theme	contact	1251:1257	arg1	regions					1240:1246	subapical intercellular regions	1216:1246	subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1216:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	2	12	theme	cold-induced	275:286	arg1	loss					288:291	a cold-induced loss	273:291	a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis	273:320	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	8	13	from	changes	1421:1427	arg1	structure					1452:1460	structure	1452:1460	structure	1452:1460	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	8	13	from	changes	1421:1427	arg1	composition					1436:1446	composition	1436:1446	composition	1436:1446	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	3	14	theme	osmolytes	454:462	arg1	root					414:417	The apparent root	401:417	The apparent root of this cascade	401:433	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	3	14	theme	osmolytes	454:462	arg1	leak					446:449	the net leak	438:449	the net leak of osmolytes	438:462	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	6	15	contain	had	898:900	arg1	Flies					892:896	Flies	892:896	Flies	892:896	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	6	15	contain	had	898:900	arg2	rates					912:916	increased rates	902:916	increased rates of paracellular leak	902:937	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	2	16	theme	cell	389:392	arg1	death					394:398	cell death	389:398	cell death	389:398	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	7	17	theme	select	1132:1137	arg1	proteins					1156:1163	select septate junction proteins	1132:1163	select septate junction proteins	1132:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	18	theme	septate	1139:1145	arg1	proteins					1156:1163	select septate junction proteins	1132:1163	select septate junction proteins	1132:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	19	theme	tortuous	1189:1196	arg1	ultrastructure					1198:1211	a tortuous ultrastructure	1187:1211	a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1187:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	1	20	theme	Chill	86:90	arg1	insects					104:110	Chill susceptible insects	86:110	Chill susceptible insects	86:110	Chill susceptible insects suffer tissue damage and die at low temperatures.
28821771	3	21	theme	cascade	427:433	arg1	root					414:417	The apparent root	401:417	The apparent root of this cascade	401:433	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	3	21	theme	cascade	427:433	arg1	leak					446:449	the net leak	438:449	the net leak of osmolytes	438:462	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	5	22	theme	adult	780:784	arg1	Drosophila					786:795	female adult Drosophila	773:795	female adult Drosophila	773:795	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	7	23	theme	subapical	1216:1224	arg1	regions					1240:1246	subapical intercellular regions	1216:1246	subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1216:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	24	theme	adjacent	1267:1274	arg1	cells					1294:1298	adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1267:1298	adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1267:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	1	25	theme	susceptible	92:102	arg1	insects					104:110	Chill susceptible insects	86:110	Chill susceptible insects	86:110	Chill susceptible insects suffer tissue damage and die at low temperatures.
28821771	7	26	theme	epithelial	1283:1292	arg1	cells					1294:1298	adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1267:1298	adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1267:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	5	27	theme	epithelial	845:854	arg1	barrier					856:862	cold-induced epithelial barrier	832:862	cold-induced epithelial barrier failure	832:870	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	0	28	theme	Thermal	0:6	arg1	acclimation					8:18	Thermal acclimation	0:18	Thermal acclimation	0:18	Thermal acclimation mitigates cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut.
28821771	7	29	theme	junction	1147:1154	arg1	proteins					1156:1163	select septate junction proteins	1132:1163	select septate junction proteins	1132:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	30	from	regions	1240:1246	arg1	appearance					1173:1182	the appearance	1169:1182	the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1169:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	30	from	regions	1240:1246	arg1	abundance					1119:1127	the abundance	1115:1127	the abundance of select septate junction proteins	1115:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	8	31	from	leak	1332:1335	arg1	insect					1360:1365	a chill susceptible insect	1340:1365	a chill susceptible insect	1340:1365	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	8	32	theme	cold	1371:1374	arg1	acclimation					1376:1386	cold acclimation	1371:1386	cold acclimation	1371:1386	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	5	33	theme	barrier	856:862	arg1	failure					864:870	cold-induced epithelial barrier failure	832:870	cold-induced epithelial barrier failure	832:870	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	0	34	theme	cold-induced	30:41	arg1	leak					56:59	cold-induced paracellular leak	30:59	cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut	30:83	Thermal acclimation mitigates cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut.
28821771	6	35	theme	gut	951:953	arg1	epithelia					955:963	the gut epithelia	947:963	the gut epithelia	947:963	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	7	36	theme	Improved	1058:1065	arg1	function					1075:1082	Improved barrier function	1058:1082	Improved barrier function	1058:1082	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	2	37	theme	ion	296:298	arg1	homeostasis					310:320	ion and water homeostasis	296:320	homeostasis	310:320	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	3	38	theme	net	442:444	arg1	root					414:417	The apparent root	401:417	The apparent root of this cascade	401:433	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	3	38	theme	net	442:444	arg1	leak					446:449	the net leak	438:449	the net leak of osmolytes	438:462	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	7	39	theme	barrier	1067:1073	arg1	function					1075:1082	Improved barrier function	1058:1082	Improved barrier function	1058:1082	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	2	40	theme	chilling	188:195	arg1	injury					197:202	chilling injury	188:202	chilling injury	188:202	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	1	41	theme	tissue	119:124	arg1	damage					126:131	tissue damage	119:131	tissue damage	119:131	Chill susceptible insects suffer tissue damage and die at low temperatures.
28821771	4	42	theme	cold-acclimated	590:604	arg1	Drosophila					606:615	cold-acclimated Drosophila	590:615	cold-acclimated Drosophila	590:615	Many insects, however, are capable of adjusting their thermal physiology, and cold-acclimated Drosophila can maintain homeostasis and avoid injury better than warm-acclimated flies.
28821771	5	43	theme	barrier	753:759	arg1	function					761:768	epithelial barrier function	742:768	epithelial barrier function	742:768	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	8	44	dep	composition	1436:1446	arg1	the					1432:1434	the	1432:1434	the	1432:1434	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	2	45	theme	growing	234:240	arg1	body					242:245	a growing body	232:245	a growing body of evidence	232:257	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	5	46	theme	first	814:818	arg1	evidence					820:827	the first evidence	810:827	the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate	810:889	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	0	47	theme	paracellular	43:54	arg1	leak					56:59	cold-induced paracellular leak	30:59	cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut	30:83	Thermal acclimation mitigates cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut.
28821771	6	48	theme	leak	934:937	arg1	rates					912:916	increased rates	902:916	increased rates of paracellular leak	902:937	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	3	49	theme	apparent	405:412	arg1	root					414:417	The apparent root	401:417	The apparent root of this cascade	401:433	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	3	49	theme	apparent	405:412	arg1	leak					446:449	the net leak	438:449	the net leak of osmolytes	438:462	The apparent root of this cascade is the net leak of osmolytes down their concentration gradients in the cold.
28821771	0	50	from	gut	81:83	arg1	leak					56:59	cold-induced paracellular leak	30:59	cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut	30:83	Thermal acclimation mitigates cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut.
28821771	6	51	theme	cold	978:981	arg1	acclimation					983:993	cold acclimation	978:993	cold acclimation	978:993	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	7	52	from	abundance	1119:1127	arg1	regions					1240:1246	subapical intercellular regions	1216:1246	subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1216:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	5	53	theme	failure	864:870	arg1	evidence					820:827	the first evidence	810:827	the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate	810:889	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	7	54	from	ultrastructure	1198:1211	arg1	regions					1240:1246	subapical intercellular regions	1216:1246	subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1216:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	5	55	from	evidence	820:827	arg1	invertebrate					878:889	invertebrate	878:889	invertebrate	878:889	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	2	56	theme	hemolymph	331:339	arg1	hyperkalemia					341:352	hemolymph hyperkalemia	331:352	hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death	331:398	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	5	57	theme	female	773:778	arg1	Drosophila					786:795	female adult Drosophila	773:795	female adult Drosophila	773:795	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	7	58	theme	ultrastructure	1198:1211	arg1	appearance					1173:1182	the appearance	1169:1182	the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1169:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	7	58	theme	ultrastructure	1198:1211	arg1	abundance					1119:1127	the abundance	1115:1127	the abundance of select septate junction proteins	1115:1163	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	8	59	theme	barriers	1481:1488	arg1	structure					1452:1460	structure	1452:1460	structure	1452:1460	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	8	59	theme	barriers	1481:1488	arg1	composition					1436:1446	composition	1436:1446	composition	1436:1446	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	4	60	theme	Many	512:515	arg1	insects					517:523	Many insects	512:523	Many insects	512:523	Many insects, however, are capable of adjusting their thermal physiology, and cold-acclimated Drosophila can maintain homeostasis and avoid injury better than warm-acclimated flies.
28821771	7	61	theme	midgut	1276:1281	arg1	cells					1294:1298	adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1267:1298	adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1267:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	6	62	theme	paracellular	1003:1014	arg1	permeability					1016:1027	paracellular permeability	1003:1027	paracellular permeability	1003:1027	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	8	63	theme	transepithelial	1465:1479	arg1	barriers					1481:1488	transepithelial barriers	1465:1488	transepithelial barriers	1465:1488	Thus, cold causes paracellular leak in a chill susceptible insect and cold acclimation can mitigate this effect through changes in the composition and structure of transepithelial barriers.
28821771	2	64	theme	evidence	250:257	arg1	body					242:245	a growing body	232:245	a growing body of evidence	232:257	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	2	65	theme	homeostasis	310:320	arg1	loss					288:291	a cold-induced loss	273:291	a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis	273:320	The mechanisms that cause chilling injury are not well understood but a growing body of evidence suggests that a cold-induced loss of ion and water homeostasis leads to hemolymph hyperkalemia that depolarizes cells, leading to cell death.
28821771	4	66	theme	thermal	566:572	arg1	physiology					574:583	their thermal physiology	560:583	their thermal physiology	560:583	Many insects, however, are capable of adjusting their thermal physiology, and cold-acclimated Drosophila can maintain homeostasis and avoid injury better than warm-acclimated flies.
28821771	7	67	theme	intercellular	1226:1238	arg1	regions					1240:1246	subapical intercellular regions	1216:1246	subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells	1216:1298	Improved barrier function was associated with changes in the abundance of select septate junction proteins and the appearance of a tortuous ultrastructure in subapical intercellular regions of contact between adjacent midgut epithelial cells.
28821771	5	68	from	loss	734:737	arg1	Drosophila					786:795	female adult Drosophila	773:795	female adult Drosophila	773:795	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	6	69	theme	cold	1042:1045	arg1	tolerance					1047:1055	cold tolerance	1042:1055	cold tolerance	1042:1055	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	1	70	theme	low	144:146	arg1	temperatures					148:159	low temperatures	144:159	low temperatures	144:159	Chill susceptible insects suffer tissue damage and die at low temperatures.
28821771	5	71	theme	cold-induced	832:843	arg1	barrier					856:862	cold-induced epithelial barrier	832:862	cold-induced epithelial barrier failure	832:870	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	0	72	theme	Drosophila	70:79	arg1	gut					81:83	the Drosophila gut	66:83	the Drosophila gut	66:83	Thermal acclimation mitigates cold-induced paracellular leak from the Drosophila gut.
28821771	6	73	theme	increased	902:910	arg1	rates					912:916	increased rates	902:916	increased rates of paracellular leak	902:937	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28821771	5	74	theme	function	761:768	arg1	loss					734:737	a loss	732:737	a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila	732:795	Here, we test whether chilling causes a loss of epithelial barrier function in female adult Drosophila, and provide the first evidence of cold-induced epithelial barrier failure in an invertebrate.
28821771	4	75	theme	better	659:664	arg1	injury					652:657	injury	652:657	injury better than warm-acclimated flies	652:691	Many insects, however, are capable of adjusting their thermal physiology, and cold-acclimated Drosophila can maintain homeostasis and avoid injury better than warm-acclimated flies.
28821771	6	76	theme	paracellular	921:932	arg1	leak					934:937	paracellular leak	921:937	paracellular leak	921:937	Flies had increased rates of paracellular leak through the gut epithelia at 0 °C, but cold acclimation reduced paracellular permeability and improved cold tolerance.
28530602	7	0	theme	varieties	1199:1207	arg1	potential					1164:1172	the health potential	1153:1172	the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties	1153:1207	Contrarily, pearling could be more useful in the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties.
28530602	5	1	theme	fractionation	854:866	arg1	process					868:874	the most appropriate fractionation process	833:874	the most appropriate fractionation process	833:874	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	3	2	dep	resulted	620:627	arg1	concentrated					636:647	concentrated	636:647	resulted mainly concentrated in the refined flour	620:668	Conversely, lutein resulted mainly concentrated in the refined flour.
28530602	1	3	from	distribution	244:255	arg1	fractions					319:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	7	4	from	useful	1123:1128	arg1	valorization					1137:1148	the valorization	1133:1148	the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties	1133:1207	Contrarily, pearling could be more useful in the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties.
28530602	2	5	theme	antioxidant	556:566	arg1	activity					568:575	a higher total antioxidant activity	541:575	a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour	541:598	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	1	6	theme	chemical	162:169	arg1	composition					171:181	the chemical composition	158:181	the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	158:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	3	7	theme	refined	656:662	arg1	flour					664:668	the refined flour	652:668	the refined flour	652:668	Conversely, lutein resulted mainly concentrated in the refined flour.
28530602	2	8	theme	total	550:554	arg1	activity					568:575	a higher total antioxidant activity	541:575	a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour	541:598	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	5	9	theme	bioactive	922:930	arg1	compounds					932:940	bioactive compounds	922:940	bioactive compounds	922:940	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	5	10	from	compounds	932:940	arg1	rich					914:917	rich	914:917	rich	914:917	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	0	11	theme	conventional	99:110	arg1	varieties					132:140	conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	99:140	conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	99:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	2	12	theme	higher	543:548	arg1	activity					568:575	a higher total antioxidant activity	541:575	a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour	541:598	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	6	13	theme	yellow-grained	1065:1078	arg1	wheats					1080:1085	the yellow-grained wheats	1061:1085	the yellow-grained wheats	1061:1085	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	4	14	theme	same	678:681	arg1	way					683:685	the same way	674:685	the same way	674:685	In the same way, the distribution pattern in the pearled fractions differ depending on the bioactive considered.
28530602	0	15	theme	wheat	126:130	arg1	varieties					132:140	conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	99:140	conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	99:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	7	16	from	valorization	1137:1148	arg1	useful					1123:1128	useful	1123:1128	useful	1123:1128	Contrarily, pearling could be more useful in the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties.
28530602	6	17	theme	particular	1038:1047	arg1	emphasis					1049:1056	particular emphasis	1038:1056	particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats	1038:1085	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	5	18	theme	careful	812:818	arg1	selection					820:828	a careful selection	810:828	a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process	810:874	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	0	19	theme	pigmented	116:124	arg1	varieties					132:140	conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	99:140	conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	99:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	0	20	from	distribution	44:55	arg1	fractions					86:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions	60:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	60:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	2	21	theme	refined	586:592	arg1	flour					594:598	the refined flour	582:598	the refined flour	582:598	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	4	22	from	pattern	705:711	arg1	fractions					728:736	the pearled fractions	716:736	the pearled fractions	716:736	In the same way, the distribution pattern in the pearled fractions differ depending on the bioactive considered.
28530602	4	23	theme	pearled	720:726	arg1	fractions					728:736	the pearled fractions	716:736	the pearled fractions	716:736	In the same way, the distribution pattern in the pearled fractions differ depending on the bioactive considered.
28530602	2	24	theme	anthocyanins	483:494	arg1	recovery					420:427	the recovery	416:427	the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins	416:494	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	2	25	theme	β-glucans	453:461	arg1	recovery					420:427	the recovery	416:427	the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins	416:494	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	2	26	theme	acids	473:477	arg1	recovery					420:427	the recovery	416:427	the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins	416:494	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	1	27	theme	pigmented	186:194	arg1	types					228:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	27	theme	pigmented	186:194	arg1	wheats					196:201	pigmented wheats	186:201	pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	186:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	0	28	theme	Bioactive	0:8	arg1	compound					10:17	Bioactive compound	0:17	Bioactive compound	0:17	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	1	29	theme	wheats	196:201	arg1	composition					171:181	the chemical composition	158:181	the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	158:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	29	theme	wheats	196:201	arg1	distribution					244:255	the distribution	240:255	the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions	240:327	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	0	30	theme	antioxidant	23:33	arg1	activity					35:42	antioxidant activity	23:42	antioxidant activity	23:42	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	6	31	from	xanthophylls	1019:1030	arg1	rich					1011:1014	rich	1011:1014	rich	1011:1014	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	5	32	theme	rich	914:917	arg1	flours					907:912	flours	907:912	flours rich in bioactive compounds	907:940	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	1	33	theme	bioactive	264:272	arg1	compounds					274:282	the bioactive compounds	260:282	the bioactive compounds	260:282	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	0	34	theme	varieties	132:140	arg1	fractions					86:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions	60:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	60:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	4	35	theme	distribution	692:703	arg1	pattern					705:711	the distribution pattern	688:711	the distribution pattern in the pearled fractions	688:736	In the same way, the distribution pattern in the pearled fractions differ depending on the bioactive considered.
28530602	1	36	theme	yellow	204:209	arg1	types					228:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	36	theme	yellow	204:209	arg1	wheats					196:201	pigmented wheats	186:201	pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	186:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	37	theme	compounds	274:282	arg1	composition					171:181	the chemical composition	158:181	the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	158:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	37	theme	compounds	274:282	arg1	distribution					244:255	the distribution	240:255	the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions	240:327	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	7	38	theme	health	1157:1162	arg1	potential					1164:1172	the health potential	1153:1172	the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties	1153:1207	Contrarily, pearling could be more useful in the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties.
28530602	1	39	theme	red	370:372	arg1	types					384:388	red and white types	370:388	red and white types	370:388	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	39	theme	red	370:372	arg1	wheats					362:367	conventional wheats	349:367	conventional wheats (red and white types)	349:389	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	2	40	theme	fiber	446:450	arg1	recovery					420:427	the recovery	416:427	the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins	416:494	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	2	41	theme	bran	503:506	arg1	fraction					508:515	the bran fraction	499:515	the bran fraction	499:515	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	1	42	theme	purple	212:217	arg1	types					228:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	42	theme	purple	212:217	arg1	wheats					196:201	pigmented wheats	186:201	pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	186:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	0	43	theme	roller-milled	60:72	arg1	fractions					86:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions	60:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	60:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	1	44	theme	white	378:382	arg1	types					384:388	red and white types	370:388	red and white types	370:388	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	44	theme	white	378:382	arg1	wheats					362:367	conventional wheats	349:367	conventional wheats (red and white types)	349:389	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	45	theme	conventional	349:360	arg1	types					384:388	red and white types	370:388	red and white types	370:388	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	45	theme	conventional	349:360	arg1	wheats					362:367	conventional wheats	349:367	conventional wheats (red and white types)	349:389	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	2	46	theme	total	432:436	arg1	fiber					446:450	total dietary fiber	432:450	total dietary fiber	432:450	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	1	47	theme	roller-milled	293:305	arg1	fractions					319:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	7	48	theme	potential	1164:1172	arg1	valorization					1137:1148	the valorization	1133:1148	the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties	1133:1207	Contrarily, pearling could be more useful in the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties.
28530602	5	49	from	rich	914:917	arg1	compounds					932:940	bioactive compounds	922:940	bioactive compounds	922:940	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	6	50	from	rich	1011:1014	arg1	xanthophylls					1019:1030	xanthophylls	1019:1030	xanthophylls	1019:1030	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	6	51	theme	refined	996:1002	arg1	flours					1004:1009	refined flours	996:1009	refined flours rich in xanthophylls	996:1030	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	5	52	theme	process	868:874	arg1	selection					820:828	a careful selection	810:828	a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process	810:874	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	6	53	theme	flours	1004:1009	arg1	production					982:991	the production	978:991	the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls	978:1030	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	2	54	theme	phenolic	464:471	arg1	acids					473:477	phenolic acids	464:477	phenolic acids	464:477	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	1	55	theme	blue	223:226	arg1	types					228:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	yellow, purple and blue types	204:232	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	55	theme	blue	223:226	arg1	wheats					196:201	pigmented wheats	186:201	pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types)	186:233	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	0	56	theme	pearled	78:84	arg1	fractions					86:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions	60:94	roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties	60:140	Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity distribution in roller-milled and pearled fractions of conventional and pigmented wheat varieties.
28530602	6	57	theme	rich	1011:1014	arg1	flours					1004:1009	refined flours	996:1009	refined flours rich in xanthophylls	996:1030	Roller-milling resulted useful for the production of refined flours rich in xanthophylls, with particular emphasis to the yellow-grained wheats.
28530602	2	58	theme	dietary	438:444	arg1	fiber					446:450	total dietary fiber	432:450	total dietary fiber	432:450	Roller-milling promoted the recovery of total dietary fiber, β-glucans, phenolic acids and anthocyanins in the bran fraction, which resulted also in a higher total antioxidant activity than the refined flour.
28530602	1	59	theme	pearled	311:317	arg1	fractions					319:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	1	60	from	composition	171:181	arg1	fractions					319:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	their roller-milled and pearled fractions	287:327	In this study, the chemical composition of pigmented wheats (yellow, purple and blue types), and the distribution of the bioactive compounds in their roller-milled and pearled fractions, were compared with conventional wheats (red and white types).
28530602	5	61	theme	appropriate	842:852	arg1	process					868:874	the most appropriate fractionation process	833:874	the most appropriate fractionation process	833:874	The study highlights that a careful selection of the most appropriate fractionation process should be performed to produce flours rich in bioactive compounds.
28530602	7	62	theme	anthocyanin-pigmented	1177:1197	arg1	varieties					1199:1207	anthocyanin-pigmented varieties	1177:1207	anthocyanin-pigmented varieties	1177:1207	Contrarily, pearling could be more useful in the valorization of the health potential of anthocyanin-pigmented varieties.
27102350	6	0	dep	proposed	1014:1021	arg1	demonstrated					1042:1053	demonstrated	1042:1053	demonstrated in the mammalian small intestine	1042:1086	Expression of these pathways by bacteria were proposed but not previously demonstrated in the mammalian small intestine.
27102350	4	1	theme	glycans	789:795	arg1	composition					752:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	4	1	theme	glycans	789:795	arg1	stress					721:726	oxidative stress	711:726	oxidative stress	711:726	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	4	1	theme	glycans	789:795	arg1	consumption					769:779	consumption	769:779	consumption of host glycans	769:795	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	0	2	from	expression	5:14	arg1	ileum					79:83	the ileum	75:83	the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	75:133	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	4	3	theme	oxidative	711:719	arg1	stress					721:726	oxidative stress	711:726	oxidative stress	711:726	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	0	4	theme	healthy	88:94	arg1	macaques					126:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	2	5	theme	rhesus	301:306	arg1	macaques					308:315	early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	282:315	early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	282:315	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	3	6	theme	ileal	562:566	arg1	microbiota					568:577	ileal microbiota	562:577	ileal microbiota	562:577	Here, we provide evidence that the transcriptomes of L. plantarum and ileal microbiota are not altered shortly after SIV infection.
27102350	2	7	from	induction	362:370	arg1	intestine					406:414	the small intestine	396:414	the small intestine	396:414	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	2	8	theme	SIV-infected	288:299	arg1	macaques					308:315	early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	282:315	early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	282:315	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	4	9	theme	cell	739:742	arg1	composition					752:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	0	10	theme	early	100:104	arg1	macaques					126:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	5	11	theme	rhesus	863:868	arg1	macaques					870:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	5	12	theme	L.	822:823	arg1	macaques					870:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	2	13	theme	early	282:286	arg1	macaques					308:315	early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	282:315	early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	282:315	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	5	14	theme	cobalamin	944:952	arg1	biosynthesis					954:965	cobalamin biosynthesis	944:965	cobalamin biosynthesis	944:965	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	5	15	theme	ileal	802:806	arg1	microbiota					808:817	The ileal microbiota	798:817	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	798:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	2	16	with	treatment	432:440	arg1	strain					484:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	2	17	theme	exogenous	450:458	arg1	strain					484:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	2	18	theme	small	400:404	arg1	intestine					406:414	the small intestine	396:414	the small intestine	396:414	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	2	19	theme	Lactobacillus	460:472	arg1	strain					484:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	6	20	theme	mammalian	1062:1070	arg1	intestine					1078:1086	the mammalian small intestine	1058:1086	the mammalian small intestine	1058:1086	Expression of these pathways by bacteria were proposed but not previously demonstrated in the mammalian small intestine.
27102350	0	21	theme	Gene	0:3	arg1	expression					5:14	Gene expression	0:14	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.	0:134	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	1	22	theme	gut-associated	183:196	arg1	tissue					207:212	gut-associated lymphoid tissue	183:212	gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation	183:250	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
27102350	0	23	theme	Lactobacillus	19:31	arg1	plantarum					33:41	Lactobacillus plantarum	19:41	Lactobacillus plantarum	19:41	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	5	24	theme	plantarum-containing	825:844	arg1	macaques					870:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	0	25	theme	rhesus	119:124	arg1	macaques					126:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	2	26	theme	intestinal	317:326	arg1	dysfunction					328:338	intestinal dysfunction	317:338	intestinal dysfunction	317:338	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	1	27	theme	lymphoid	198:205	arg1	tissue					207:212	gut-associated lymphoid tissue	183:212	gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation	183:250	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
27102350	0	28	theme	SIV-infected	106:117	arg1	macaques					126:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	88:133	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	1	29	theme	tissue	207:212	arg1	impairment					169:178	impairment	169:178	impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation	169:250	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
27102350	6	30	theme	pathways	988:995	arg1	Expression					968:977	Expression	968:977	Expression of these pathways by bacteria	968:1007	Expression of these pathways by bacteria were proposed but not previously demonstrated in the mammalian small intestine.
27102350	3	31	theme	SIV	609:611	arg1	infection					613:621	SIV infection	609:621	SIV infection	609:621	Here, we provide evidence that the transcriptomes of L. plantarum and ileal microbiota are not altered shortly after SIV infection.
27102350	5	32	theme	host	906:909	arg1	metabolism					918:927	host glycan metabolism	906:927	host glycan metabolism	906:927	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	5	33	theme	macaques	870:877	arg1	microbiota					808:817	The ileal microbiota	798:817	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	798:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	0	34	theme	plantarum	33:41	arg1	expression					5:14	Gene expression	0:14	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.	0:134	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	0	35	theme	macaques	126:133	arg1	ileum					79:83	the ileum	75:83	the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques	75:133	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	5	36	theme	healthy	846:852	arg1	macaques					870:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	4	37	theme	small	651:655	arg1	intestine					657:665	the small intestine	647:665	the small intestine	647:665	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	0	38	theme	commensal	51:59	arg1	microbiota					61:70	the commensal microbiota	47:70	the commensal microbiota	47:70	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	5	39	theme	glycan	911:916	arg1	metabolism					918:927	host glycan metabolism	906:927	host glycan metabolism	906:927	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	4	40	theme	modifying	729:737	arg1	composition					752:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	2	41	theme	plantarum	474:482	arg1	strain					484:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain	447:489	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	1	42	theme	Chronic	136:142	arg1	infection					148:156	Chronic HIV infection	136:156	Chronic HIV infection	136:156	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
27102350	4	43	theme	surface	744:750	arg1	composition					752:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	modifying cell surface composition	729:762	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	3	44	theme	microbiota	568:577	arg1	transcriptomes					527:540	the transcriptomes	523:540	the transcriptomes of L. plantarum and ileal microbiota	523:577	Here, we provide evidence that the transcriptomes of L. plantarum and ileal microbiota are not altered shortly after SIV infection.
27102350	1	45	theme	systemic	225:232	arg1	activation					241:250	systemic immune activation	225:250	systemic immune activation	225:250	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
27102350	3	46	theme	plantarum	548:556	arg1	transcriptomes					527:540	the transcriptomes	523:540	the transcriptomes of L. plantarum and ileal microbiota	523:577	Here, we provide evidence that the transcriptomes of L. plantarum and ileal microbiota are not altered shortly after SIV infection.
27102350	4	47	theme	host	784:787	arg1	glycans					789:795	host glycans	784:795	host glycans	784:795	L. plantarum adapts to the small intestine by expressing genes required for tolerating oxidative stress, modifying cell surface composition, and consumption of host glycans.
27102350	2	48	theme	IL-1β	379:383	arg1	pathway					385:391	the IL-1β pathway	375:391	the IL-1β pathway	375:391	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	1	49	theme	immune	234:239	arg1	activation					241:250	systemic immune activation	225:250	systemic immune activation	225:250	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
27102350	6	50	theme	small	1072:1076	arg1	intestine					1078:1086	the mammalian small intestine	1058:1086	the mammalian small intestine	1058:1086	Expression of these pathways by bacteria were proposed but not previously demonstrated in the mammalian small intestine.
27102350	5	51	theme	SIV+	858:861	arg1	macaques					870:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques	822:877	The ileal microbiota of L. plantarum-containing healthy and SIV+ rhesus macaques also transcribed genes for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.
27102350	2	52	theme	pathway	385:391	arg1	induction					362:370	the induction	358:370	the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine	358:414	We previously showed that in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques intestinal dysfunction is initiated with the induction of the IL-1β pathway in the small intestine and reversed by treatment with an exogenous Lactobacillus plantarum strain.
27102350	0	53	theme	microbiota	61:70	arg1	expression					5:14	Gene expression	0:14	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.	0:134	Gene expression of Lactobacillus plantarum and the commensal microbiota in the ileum of healthy and early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
27102350	1	54	theme	HIV	144:146	arg1	infection					148:156	Chronic HIV infection	136:156	Chronic HIV infection	136:156	Chronic HIV infection results in impairment of gut-associated lymphoid tissue leading to systemic immune activation.
25032222	8	0	theme	reduced	1153:1159	arg1	levels					1182:1187	reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels	1153:1187	reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels	1153:1187	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	1	1	theme	tumor	246:250	arg1	TNF-α					269:273	TNF-α	269:273	TNF-α	269:273	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	1	1	theme	tumor	246:250	arg1	factor					261:266	tumor necrosis factor	246:266	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)	246:274	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	8	2	theme	ICAM-1	1175:1180	arg1	levels					1182:1187	reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels	1153:1187	reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels	1153:1187	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	8	3	theme	silibinin	1231:1239	arg1	treatment					1241:1249	silibinin treatment	1231:1249	silibinin treatment	1231:1249	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	7	4	theme	silibinin	1085:1093	arg1	treatment					1095:1103	silibinin treatment	1085:1103	silibinin treatment	1085:1103	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	9	5	theme	O-linked	1338:1345	arg1	glycosylation					1347:1359	altered O-linked glycosylation	1330:1359	altered O-linked glycosylation	1330:1359	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	6	theme	cytokine-stimulated	1491:1509	arg1	cells					1519:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	7	theme	protein	1464:1470	arg1	glycosylation					1426:1438	the N-linked glycosylation	1413:1438	the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1413:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	8	theme	p65	600:602	arg1	proteins					604:611	p65 proteins	600:611	p65 proteins	600:611	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	5	9	link	N-linked	723:730	arg1	glycosylation					732:744	N-linked glycosylation	723:744	N-linked glycosylation	723:744	In addition, silibinin altered the degree of N-linked glycosylation posttranslationally in ARPE-19 cells by significantly enhancing MGAT3 gene expression.
25032222	9	10	from	expression	1294:1303	arg1	NF-κB					1364:1368	NF-κB	1364:1368	NF-κB	1364:1368	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	10	from	expression	1294:1303	arg1	pathways					1390:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	1	11	used	used	207:210	arg2	we					204:205	we	204:205	we	204:205	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	7	12	theme	NF-κB	996:1000	arg1	activity					1011:1018	NF-κB reporter activity	996:1018	NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	996:1049	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	7	13	theme	ARPE-19	1037:1043	arg1	cells					1045:1049	TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	1023:1049	TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	1023:1049	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	7	14	theme	O-GlcNAc	969:976	arg1	levels					978:983	O-GlcNAc levels	969:983	O-GlcNAc levels	969:983	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	6	15	gly	glycoproteins	879:891	arg1	glycoproteins					879:891	glycoproteins	879:891	glycoproteins	879:891	Silibinin can increase the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	5	16	theme	N-linked	723:730	arg1	glycosylation					732:744	N-linked glycosylation	723:744	N-linked glycosylation	723:744	In addition, silibinin altered the degree of N-linked glycosylation posttranslationally in ARPE-19 cells by significantly enhancing MGAT3 gene expression.
25032222	5	17	theme	gene	816:819	arg1	expression					821:830	MGAT3 gene expression	810:830	MGAT3 gene expression	810:830	In addition, silibinin altered the degree of N-linked glycosylation posttranslationally in ARPE-19 cells by significantly enhancing MGAT3 gene expression.
25032222	8	18	with	consistent	1199:1208	arg1	that					1215:1218	that	1215:1218	that	1215:1218	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	0	19	theme	glycosylation	77:89	arg1	regulation					41:50	regulation	41:50	regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells	41:106	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	1	20	theme	adhesion	163:170	arg1	ICAM-1					184:189	ICAM-1	184:189	ICAM-1	184:189	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	1	20	theme	adhesion	163:170	arg1	molecule-1					172:181	intercellular adhesion molecule-1	149:181	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	149:201	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	0	21	theme	ARPE-19	94:100	arg1	cells					102:106	ARPE-19 cells	94:106	ARPE-19 cells	94:106	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	3	22	theme	ARPE-19	401:407	arg1	cells					419:423	ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells	401:423	cells	419:423	In an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells, silibinin inhibited the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1.
25032222	9	23	theme	transmembrane	1450:1462	arg1	protein					1464:1470	ICAM-1 transmembrane protein	1443:1470	ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1443:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	1	24	from	effects	125:131	arg1	expression					192:201	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	149:201	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	149:201	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	0	25	theme	O-linked	68:75	arg1	glycosylation					77:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	1	26	theme	necrosis	252:259	arg1	TNF-α					269:273	TNF-α	269:273	TNF-α	269:273	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	1	26	theme	necrosis	252:259	arg1	factor					261:266	tumor necrosis factor	246:266	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)	246:274	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	7	27	theme	reporter	916:923	arg1	assay					930:934	a reporter gene assay	914:934	a reporter gene assay	914:934	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	4	28	theme	silibinin	510:518	arg1	effects					499:505	The inhibitory effects	484:505	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression	484:539	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	0	29	theme	ICAM-1	19:24	arg1	expression					26:35	ICAM-1 expression	19:35	ICAM-1 expression	19:35	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	30	theme	ICAM-1	523:528	arg1	expression					530:539	ICAM-1 expression	523:539	ICAM-1 expression	523:539	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	3	31	theme	THP-1	413:417	arg1	cells					419:423	ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells	401:423	cells	419:423	In an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells, silibinin inhibited the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1.
25032222	4	32	from	effects	499:505	arg1	expression					530:539	ICAM-1 expression	523:539	ICAM-1 expression	523:539	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	5	33	theme	ARPE-19	769:775	arg1	cells					777:781	ARPE-19 cells	769:781	ARPE-19 cells	769:781	In addition, silibinin altered the degree of N-linked glycosylation posttranslationally in ARPE-19 cells by significantly enhancing MGAT3 gene expression.
25032222	3	34	theme	cell	450:453	arg1	function					464:471	the cell adhesion function	446:471	the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1	446:481	In an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells, silibinin inhibited the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1.
25032222	9	35	theme	signaling	1380:1388	arg1	pathways					1390:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	0	36	link	O-linked	68:75	arg1	glycosylation					77:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	1	37	theme	ARPE-19	212:218	arg1	cells					220:224	ARPE-19 cells	212:224	ARPE-19 cells	212:224	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	1	37	theme	ARPE-19	212:218	arg1	model					231:235	a model	229:235	a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression	229:324	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	3	38	theme	ICAM-1	476:481	arg1	function					464:471	the cell adhesion function	446:471	the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1	446:481	In an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells, silibinin inhibited the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1.
25032222	8	39	theme	OGT	1124:1126	arg1	gene					1128:1131	OGT gene	1124:1131	OGT gene	1124:1131	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	9	40	link	O-linked	1338:1345	arg1	glycosylation					1347:1359	altered O-linked glycosylation	1330:1359	altered O-linked glycosylation	1330:1359	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	41	theme	nuclear	575:581	arg1	translocation					583:595	nuclear translocation	575:595	nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α	575:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	9	42	link	N-linked	1417:1424	arg1	glycosylation					1426:1438	the N-linked glycosylation	1413:1438	the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1413:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	43	from	STAT1	645:649	arg1	cells					671:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	9	44	theme	ICAM-1	1443:1448	arg1	protein					1464:1470	ICAM-1 transmembrane protein	1443:1470	ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1443:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	6	45	theme	ARPE-19	896:902	arg1	cells					904:908	ARPE-19 cells	896:908	ARPE-19 cells	896:908	Silibinin can increase the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	46	from	phosphorylation	626:640	arg1	cells					671:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	46	from	phosphorylation	626:640	arg1	TNF-α					616:620	TNF-α	616:620	TNF-α	616:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	1	47	theme	molecule-1	172:181	arg1	expression					192:201	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	149:201	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	149:201	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	8	48	theme	TNF-α-induced	1161:1173	arg1	levels					1182:1187	reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels	1153:1187	reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels	1153:1187	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	6	49	theme	glycoproteins	879:891	arg1	levels					869:874	the O-GlcNAc levels	856:874	the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells	856:908	Silibinin can increase the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	0	50	link	N-linked	55:62	arg1	glycosylation					77:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	51	from	blockage	563:570	arg1	TNF-α					616:620	TNF-α	616:620	TNF-α	616:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	52	from	TNF-α	616:620	arg1	blockage					563:570	the blockage	559:570	the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells	559:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	9	53	theme	proinflammatory	1475:1489	arg1	cells					1519:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	54	theme	phosphorylation	626:640	arg1	blockage					563:570	the blockage	559:570	the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells	559:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	6	55	from	levels	869:874	arg1	cells					904:908	ARPE-19 cells	896:908	ARPE-19 cells	896:908	Silibinin can increase the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	56	theme	ARPE-19	1511:1517	arg1	cells					1519:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	57	from	function	1313:1320	arg1	NF-κB					1364:1368	NF-κB	1364:1368	NF-κB	1364:1368	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	57	from	function	1313:1320	arg1	pathways					1390:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	4	58	theme	proteins	604:611	arg1	phosphorylation					626:640	phosphorylation	626:640	phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells	626:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	58	theme	proteins	604:611	arg1	translocation					583:595	nuclear translocation	575:595	nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α	575:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	7	59	theme	TNF-α-induced	1023:1035	arg1	cells					1045:1049	TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	1023:1049	TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	1023:1049	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	7	60	theme	reporter	1002:1009	arg1	activity					1011:1018	NF-κB reporter activity	996:1018	NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	996:1049	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	4	61	from	translocation	583:595	arg1	cells					671:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	61	from	translocation	583:595	arg1	TNF-α					616:620	TNF-α	616:620	TNF-α	616:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	1	62	theme	silibinin	136:144	arg1	effects					125:131	the effects	121:131	the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	121:201	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	4	63	theme	STAT1	645:649	arg1	phosphorylation					626:640	phosphorylation	626:640	phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells	626:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	63	theme	STAT1	645:649	arg1	translocation					583:595	nuclear translocation	575:595	nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α	575:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	5	64	theme	glycosylation	732:744	arg1	degree					713:718	the degree	709:718	the degree of N-linked glycosylation	709:744	In addition, silibinin altered the degree of N-linked glycosylation posttranslationally in ARPE-19 cells by significantly enhancing MGAT3 gene expression.
25032222	9	65	theme	ICAM-1	1287:1292	arg1	expression					1294:1303	ICAM-1 expression	1287:1303	ICAM-1 expression	1287:1303	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	1	66	theme	intercellular	149:161	arg1	ICAM-1					184:189	ICAM-1	184:189	ICAM-1	184:189	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	1	66	theme	intercellular	149:161	arg1	molecule-1					172:181	intercellular adhesion molecule-1	149:181	intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression	149:201	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	4	67	theme	IFN-γ-stimulated	654:669	arg1	cells					671:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	IFN-γ-stimulated cells	654:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	1	68	theme	ICAM-1	308:313	arg1	expression					315:324	ICAM-1 expression	308:324	ICAM-1 expression	308:324	To evaluate the effects of silibinin on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interferon (IFN-γ) enhanced ICAM-1 expression.
25032222	0	69	from	regulation	41:50	arg1	cells					102:106	ARPE-19 cells	94:106	ARPE-19 cells	94:106	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	70	theme	altered	1330:1336	arg1	glycosylation					1347:1359	altered O-linked glycosylation	1330:1359	altered O-linked glycosylation	1330:1359	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	5	71	theme	MGAT3	810:814	arg1	expression					821:830	MGAT3 gene expression	810:830	MGAT3 gene expression	810:830	In addition, silibinin altered the degree of N-linked glycosylation posttranslationally in ARPE-19 cells by significantly enhancing MGAT3 gene expression.
25032222	7	72	theme	gene	925:928	arg1	assay					930:934	a reporter gene assay	914:934	a reporter gene assay	914:934	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	9	73	from	glycosylation	1426:1438	arg1	cells					1519:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	6	74	theme	O-GlcNAc	860:867	arg1	levels					869:874	the O-GlcNAc levels	856:874	the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells	856:908	Silibinin can increase the O-GlcNAc levels of glycoproteins in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	3	75	theme	adherence	379:387	arg1	assay					389:393	an adherence assay	376:393	an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells	376:423	In an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells, silibinin inhibited the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1.
25032222	4	76	theme	inhibitory	488:497	arg1	effects					499:505	The inhibitory effects	484:505	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression	484:539	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	0	77	theme	N-linked	55:62	arg1	glycosylation					77:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	55:89	Silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression via regulation of N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	78	theme	STAT1	1374:1378	arg1	pathways					1390:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	STAT1 signaling pathways	1374:1397	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	3	79	theme	adhesion	455:462	arg1	function					464:471	the cell adhesion function	446:471	the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1	446:481	In an adherence assay using ARPE-19 and THP-1 cells, silibinin inhibited the cell adhesion function of ICAM-1.
25032222	9	80	from	cells	1519:1523	arg1	glycosylation					1426:1438	the N-linked glycosylation	1413:1438	the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1413:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	9	81	from	protein	1464:1470	arg1	cells					1519:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1475:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	7	82	from	activity	1011:1018	arg1	cells					1045:1049	TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	1023:1049	TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells	1023:1049	In a reporter gene assay, PUGNAc, which can also increase O-GlcNAc levels, inhibited NF-κB reporter activity in TNF-α-induced ARPE-19 cells and this process was augmented by silibinin treatment.
25032222	9	83	gly	glycosylation	1426:1438	arg1	protein					1464:1470	ICAM-1 transmembrane protein	1443:1470	ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1443:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25032222	8	84	theme	gene	1128:1131	arg1	Overexpression					1106:1119	Overexpression	1106:1119	Overexpression of OGT gene	1106:1131	Overexpression of OGT gene was associated with reduced TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 levels, which is consistent with that induced by silibinin treatment.
25032222	4	85	theme	translocation	583:595	arg1	blockage					563:570	the blockage	559:570	the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells	559:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	86	from	cells	671:675	arg1	phosphorylation					626:640	phosphorylation	626:640	phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells	626:675	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	4	86	from	cells	671:675	arg1	translocation					583:595	nuclear translocation	575:595	nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α	575:620	The inhibitory effects of silibinin on ICAM-1 expression were mediated via the blockage of nuclear translocation of p65 proteins in TNF-α and phosphorylation of STAT1 in IFN-γ-stimulated cells.
25032222	9	87	theme	N-linked	1417:1424	arg1	glycosylation					1426:1438	the N-linked glycosylation	1413:1438	the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells	1413:1523	Taken together, silibinin inhibits ICAM-1 expression and its function through altered O-linked glycosylation in NF-κB and STAT1 signaling pathways and decreases the N-linked glycosylation of ICAM-1 transmembrane protein in proinflammatory cytokine-stimulated ARPE-19 cells.
25082210	7	0	theme	oral	1448:1451	arg1	delivery					1453:1460	oral delivery	1448:1460	oral delivery	1448:1460	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	6	1	theme	prolonged	1115:1123	arg1	stability					1125:1133	prolonged stability	1115:1133	prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions	1115:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	2	theme	intestinal	1209:1218	arg1	fluid					1220:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	3	3	theme	chitosan	515:522	arg1	derivative					524:533	a quarternized chitosan derivative	500:533	a quarternized chitosan derivative	500:533	We hypothesized that a quarternized chitosan derivative could be used for acid-resistant coating to stabilize the SLNs and circumvent the burst release.
25082210	5	4	from	characterization	925:940	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	7	5	theme	promising	1415:1423	arg1	system					1437:1442	a promising nanocarrier system	1413:1442	a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin	1413:1495	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	7	5	theme	promising	1415:1423	arg1	TMC-SLCNs					1400:1408	the TMC-SLCNs	1396:1408	the TMC-SLCNs	1396:1408	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	5	6	theme	palmitic	810:817	arg1	acid					819:822	palmitic acid	810:822	palmitic acid	810:822	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	7	dep	RESULTS	1083:1089	arg1	exhibited					1105:1113	exhibited	1105:1113	exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs	1105:1353	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	8	theme	drug	1183:1186	arg1	release					1188:1194	controlled drug release	1172:1194	controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid	1172:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	2	9	theme	burst	315:319	arg1	obstacle					402:409	a main obstacle	395:409	a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin	395:442	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	2	9	theme	burst	315:319	arg1	release					321:327	a burst release	313:327	a burst release	313:327	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	0	10	theme	distribution	131:142	arg1	evaluations					144:154	pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations	105:154	evaluations	144:154	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	5	11	from	stability	943:951	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	12	theme	controlled	1172:1181	arg1	release					1188:1194	controlled drug release	1172:1194	controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid	1172:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	3	13	used	used	544:547	arg2	derivative					524:533	a quarternized chitosan derivative	500:533	a quarternized chitosan derivative	500:533	We hypothesized that a quarternized chitosan derivative could be used for acid-resistant coating to stabilize the SLNs and circumvent the burst release.
25082210	5	14	from	SLCNs	792:796	arg1	details					740:746	the details	736:746	the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies,	736:1065	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	1	15	theme	colloidal	222:230	arg1	nanoparticles					177:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles	157:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)	157:196	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	15	theme	colloidal	222:230	arg1	system					240:245	a colloidal carrier system	220:245	a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin	220:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	characterization					925:940	solid state characterization	913:940	solid state characterization	913:940	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	studies					1058:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	number					859:864	a number	857:864	a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition	857:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	release					979:985	in vitro release	970:985	in vitro release in GI conditions	970:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	composition					900:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	stability					943:951	stability	943:951	stability	943:951	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	bioavailability					1019:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	16	from	modification	776:787	arg1	viability					959:967	cell viability	954:967	cell viability	954:967	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	17	theme	higher	1241:1246	arg1	bioavailability					1253:1267	significantly higher oral bioavailability	1227:1267	significantly higher oral bioavailability	1227:1267	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	1	18	theme	PURPOSE	157:163	arg1	SLNs					192:195	SLNs	192:195	SLNs	192:195	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	18	theme	PURPOSE	157:163	arg1	nanoparticles					177:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles	157:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)	157:196	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	18	theme	PURPOSE	157:163	arg1	system					240:245	a colloidal carrier system	220:245	a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin	220:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	2	19	theme	carrier	463:469	arg1	SLNs					453:456	SLNs	453:456	SLNs	453:456	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	2	19	theme	carrier	463:469	arg1	system					471:476	a carrier system	461:476	a carrier system	461:476	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	5	20	from	release	979:985	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	characterization					925:940	solid state characterization	913:940	solid state characterization	913:940	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	studies					1058:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	number					859:864	a number	857:864	a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition	857:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	release					979:985	in vitro release	970:985	in vitro release in GI conditions	970:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	composition					900:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	stability					943:951	stability	943:951	stability	943:951	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	bioavailability					1019:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	21	from	details	740:746	arg1	viability					959:967	cell viability	954:967	cell viability	954:967	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	1	22	theme	lipid	171:175	arg1	SLNs					192:195	SLNs	192:195	SLNs	192:195	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	22	theme	lipid	171:175	arg1	nanoparticles					177:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles	157:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)	157:196	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	22	theme	lipid	171:175	arg1	system					240:245	a colloidal carrier system	220:245	a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin	220:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	6	23	from	stability	1125:1133	arg1	fluid					1220:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	23	from	stability	1125:1133	arg1	conditions					1160:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	0	24	theme	lipid	84:88	arg1	nanoparticles					90:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	6	25	theme	free	1310:1313	arg1	curcumin					1315:1322	free curcumin	1310:1322	free curcumin	1310:1322	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	5	26	theme	curcumin	1005:1012	arg1	bioavailability					1019:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	26	theme	curcumin	1005:1012	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	27	theme	SLNs	895:898	arg1	composition					900:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	28	theme	curcumin	1296:1303	arg1	bioavailability					1253:1267	significantly higher oral bioavailability	1227:1267	significantly higher oral bioavailability	1227:1267	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	28	theme	curcumin	1296:1303	arg1	stability					1125:1133	prolonged stability	1115:1133	prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions	1115:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	28	theme	curcumin	1296:1303	arg1	distribution					1280:1291	brain distribution	1274:1291	brain distribution of curcumin	1274:1303	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	28	theme	curcumin	1296:1303	arg1	release					1188:1194	controlled drug release	1172:1194	controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid	1172:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	characterization					925:940	solid state characterization	913:940	solid state characterization	913:940	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	studies					1058:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	number					859:864	a number	857:864	a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition	857:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	release					979:985	in vitro release	970:985	in vitro release in GI conditions	970:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	composition					900:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	stability					943:951	stability	943:951	stability	943:951	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	bioavailability					1019:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	29	from	chitosan	751:758	arg1	viability					959:967	cell viability	954:967	cell viability	954:967	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	30	theme	non-coated	1338:1347	arg1	SLCNs					1349:1353	non-coated SLCNs	1338:1353	non-coated SLCNs	1338:1353	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	0	31	theme	Enhanced	0:7	arg1	delivery					14:21	Enhanced oral delivery	0:21	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.	0:155	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	characterization					925:940	solid state characterization	913:940	solid state characterization	913:940	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	studies					1058:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	number					859:864	a number	857:864	a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition	857:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	release					979:985	in vitro release	970:985	in vitro release in GI conditions	970:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	composition					900:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	stability					943:951	stability	943:951	stability	943:951	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	bioavailability					1019:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	32	theme	factors	869:875	arg1	viability					959:967	cell viability	954:967	cell viability	954:967	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	33	theme	surface	768:774	arg1	modification					776:787	TMC surface modification	764:787	TMC surface modification	764:787	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	0	34	theme	curcumin	26:33	arg1	delivery					14:21	Enhanced oral delivery	0:21	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.	0:155	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	2	35	theme	curcumin	435:442	arg1	delivery					423:430	the oral delivery	414:430	the oral delivery of curcumin	414:442	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	0	36	theme	surface-modified	61:76	arg1	nanoparticles					90:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	2	37	theme	drug	343:346	arg1	obstacle					402:409	a main obstacle	395:409	a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin	395:442	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	2	37	theme	drug	343:346	arg1	release					321:327	a burst release	313:327	a burst release	313:327	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	0	38	theme	N-trimethyl	40:50	arg1	nanoparticles					90:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	5	39	theme	brain	1039:1043	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	39	theme	brain	1039:1043	arg1	studies					1058:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	7	40	theme	brain	1466:1470	arg1	distribution					1472:1483	brain distribution	1466:1483	brain distribution of curcumin	1466:1495	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	1	41	theme	carrier	232:238	arg1	nanoparticles					177:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles	157:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)	157:196	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	41	theme	carrier	232:238	arg1	system					240:245	a colloidal carrier system	220:245	a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin	220:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	5	42	theme	state	919:923	arg1	characterization					925:940	solid state characterization	913:940	solid state characterization	913:940	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	42	theme	state	919:923	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	43	from	release	1188:1194	arg1	fluid					1220:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	43	from	release	1188:1194	arg1	conditions					1160:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	7	44	theme	nanocarrier	1425:1435	arg1	system					1437:1442	a promising nanocarrier system	1413:1442	a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin	1413:1495	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	7	44	theme	nanocarrier	1425:1435	arg1	TMC-SLCNs					1400:1408	the TMC-SLCNs	1396:1408	the TMC-SLCNs	1396:1408	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	3	45	theme	quarternized	502:513	arg1	derivative					524:533	a quarternized chitosan derivative	500:533	a quarternized chitosan derivative	500:533	We hypothesized that a quarternized chitosan derivative could be used for acid-resistant coating to stabilize the SLNs and circumvent the burst release.
25082210	1	46	theme	oral	270:273	arg1	bioavailability					275:289	the oral bioavailability	266:289	the oral bioavailability of curcumin	266:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	5	47	dep	in	970:971	arg1	vitro					973:977	vitro	973:977	vitro	973:977	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	48	theme	simulated	1199:1207	arg1	fluid					1220:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	4	49	theme	N-trimethyl	640:650	arg1	TMC					662:664	TMC	662:664	TMC	662:664	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) was synthesized and determined by (1)H-NMR and FT-IR.
25082210	4	49	theme	N-trimethyl	640:650	arg1	chitosan					652:659	N-trimethyl chitosan	640:659	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC)	632:665	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) was synthesized and determined by (1)H-NMR and FT-IR.
25082210	5	50	from	viability	959:967	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	51	theme	modification	776:787	arg1	details					740:746	the details	736:746	the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies,	736:1065	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	0	52	from	nanoparticles	90:102	arg1	delivery					14:21	Enhanced oral delivery	0:21	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.	0:155	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	6	53	theme	brain	1274:1278	arg1	distribution					1280:1291	brain distribution	1274:1291	brain distribution of curcumin	1274:1303	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	5	54	theme	GI	990:991	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	4	55	dep	H-NMR	704:708	arg1	1					702:702	1	702:702	1	702:702	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) was synthesized and determined by (1)H-NMR and FT-IR.
25082210	6	56	theme	refrigerated	1147:1158	arg1	conditions					1160:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	5	57	from	bioavailability	1019:1033	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	58	theme	oral	1248:1251	arg1	bioavailability					1253:1267	significantly higher oral bioavailability	1227:1267	significantly higher oral bioavailability	1227:1267	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	5	59	theme	in	970:971	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	59	theme	in	970:971	arg1	release					979:985	in vitro release	970:985	in vitro release in GI conditions	970:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	60	theme	room	1138:1141	arg1	conditions					1160:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	0	61	theme	solid	78:82	arg1	nanoparticles					90:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	1	62	theme	Solid	165:169	arg1	SLNs					192:195	SLNs	192:195	SLNs	192:195	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	62	theme	Solid	165:169	arg1	nanoparticles					177:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles	157:189	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)	157:196	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	1	62	theme	Solid	165:169	arg1	system					240:245	a colloidal carrier system	220:245	a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin	220:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	5	63	theme	distribution	1045:1056	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	63	theme	distribution	1045:1056	arg1	studies					1058:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	brain distribution studies	1039:1064	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	7	64	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1356:1366	arg1	suggests					1382:1389	suggests	1382:1389	suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin	1382:1495	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	0	65	theme	pharmacokinetic	105:119	arg1	evaluations					144:154	pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations	105:154	evaluations	144:154	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	0	66	dep	delivery	14:21	arg1	evaluations					144:154	pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations	105:154	evaluations	144:154	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	5	67	theme	optimized	885:893	arg1	composition					900:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	optimized SLNs composition	885:910	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	0	68	theme	brain	125:129	arg1	evaluations					144:154	pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations	105:154	evaluations	144:154	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	5	69	theme	oral	1014:1017	arg1	bioavailability					1019:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	curcumin oral bioavailability	1005:1033	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	69	theme	oral	1014:1017	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	70	theme	chitosan	751:758	arg1	details					740:746	the details	736:746	the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies,	736:1065	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	71	from	number	859:864	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	2	72	theme	oral	418:421	arg1	delivery					423:430	the oral delivery	414:430	the oral delivery of curcumin	414:442	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	2	73	theme	acidic	365:370	arg1	environments					372:383	acidic environments	365:383	acidic environments	365:383	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	5	74	theme	TMC	764:766	arg1	modification					776:787	TMC surface modification	764:787	TMC surface modification	764:787	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	1	75	theme	curcumin	294:301	arg1	bioavailability					275:289	the oral bioavailability	266:289	the oral bioavailability of curcumin	266:301	PURPOSE Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin.
25082210	3	76	theme	burst	617:621	arg1	release					623:629	the burst release	613:629	the burst release	613:629	We hypothesized that a quarternized chitosan derivative could be used for acid-resistant coating to stabilize the SLNs and circumvent the burst release.
25082210	2	77	theme	main	397:400	arg1	release					321:327	a burst release	313:327	a burst release	313:327	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	2	77	theme	main	397:400	arg1	obstacle					402:409	a main obstacle	395:409	a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin	395:442	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	5	78	from	studies	1058:1064	arg1	conditions					993:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	GI conditions	990:1002	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	6	79	from	distribution	1280:1291	arg1	fluid					1220:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	79	from	distribution	1280:1291	arg1	conditions					1160:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	0	80	theme	chitosan	52:59	arg1	nanoparticles					90:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles	40:102	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
25082210	7	81	theme	curcumin	1488:1495	arg1	delivery					1453:1460	oral delivery	1448:1460	oral delivery	1448:1460	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	7	81	theme	curcumin	1488:1495	arg1	distribution					1472:1483	brain distribution	1466:1483	brain distribution of curcumin	1466:1495	CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that the TMC-SLCNs is a promising nanocarrier system for oral delivery and brain distribution of curcumin.
25082210	5	82	theme	cell	954:957	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	82	theme	cell	954:957	arg1	viability					959:967	cell viability	954:967	cell viability	954:967	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	2	83	theme	loaded	336:341	arg1	drug					343:346	the loaded drug	332:346	the loaded drug	332:346	However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system.
25082210	6	84	from	bioavailability	1253:1267	arg1	fluid					1220:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	simulated intestinal fluid	1199:1224	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	6	84	from	bioavailability	1253:1267	arg1	conditions					1160:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	room and refrigerated conditions	1138:1169	RESULTS The TMC-SLCNs exhibited prolonged stability in room and refrigerated conditions, controlled drug release in simulated intestinal fluid, significantly higher oral bioavailability, and brain distribution of curcumin than free curcumin, chitosan and non-coated SLCNs.
25082210	5	85	theme	solid	913:917	arg1	characterization					925:940	solid state characterization	913:940	solid state characterization	913:940	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	5	85	theme	solid	913:917	arg1	SLCNs					792:796	SLCNs	792:796	SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin	792:854	To investigate the details of chitosan and TMC surface modification on SLCNs composed of palmitic acid, cholesterol, TPGS and curcumin, a number of factors such as optimized SLNs composition, solid state characterization, stability, cell viability, in vitro release in GI conditions, curcumin oral bioavailability and brain distribution studies, were evaluated.
25082210	4	86	dep	METHODS	632:638	arg1	TMC					662:664	TMC	662:664	TMC	662:664	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) was synthesized and determined by (1)H-NMR and FT-IR.
25082210	4	86	dep	METHODS	632:638	arg1	chitosan					652:659	N-trimethyl chitosan	640:659	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC)	632:665	METHODS N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) was synthesized and determined by (1)H-NMR and FT-IR.
25082210	0	87	theme	oral	9:12	arg1	delivery					14:21	Enhanced oral delivery	0:21	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.	0:155	Enhanced oral delivery of curcumin from N-trimethyl chitosan surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticles: pharmacokinetic and brain distribution evaluations.
26784658	3	0	theme	high	708:711	arg1	compatibility					713:725	high compatibility	708:725	high compatibility	708:725	The main molecular interactions determined by FTIR between both biopolymers clearly suggest high compatibility.
26784658	7	1	theme	BC-Alg	1402:1407	arg1	nanocomposite					1409:1421	the BC-Alg nanocomposite	1398:1421	the BC-Alg nanocomposite	1398:1421	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	2	2	theme	amorphous	599:607	arg1	phase					609:613	an increased amorphous phase	586:613	an increased amorphous phase	586:613	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	8	3	theme	BC-Alg	1556:1561	arg1	nanocomposites					1563:1576	the BC-Alg nanocomposites	1552:1576	the BC-Alg nanocomposites	1552:1576	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites show a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors.
26784658	8	4	theme	solid	1634:1638	arg1	tumors					1640:1645	solid tumors	1634:1645	solid tumors	1634:1645	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites show a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors.
26784658	1	5	theme	Gluconacetobacter	240:256	arg1	hansenii					258:265	Gluconacetobacter hansenii	240:265	Gluconacetobacter hansenii	240:265	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	6	6	theme	BC	1135:1136	arg1	film					1138:1141	the BC film	1131:1141	the BC film	1131:1141	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model also showed an increase of about 25% in the pore size compared to the BC film.
26784658	7	7	theme	kinetic	1377:1383	arg1	release					1385:1391	kinetic release	1377:1391	kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite	1377:1421	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	2	8	theme	crystalline	555:565	arg1	structure					567:575	the BC crystalline structure	548:575	the BC crystalline structure	548:575	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	5	9	theme	adsorption	874:883	arg1	isotherms					885:893	nitrogen adsorption isotherms	865:893	nitrogen adsorption isotherms	865:893	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	7	10	from	nanocomposite	1409:1421	arg1	release					1385:1391	kinetic release	1377:1391	kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite	1377:1421	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	11	with	scaffolds	1159:1167	arg1	amounts					1184:1190	different amounts	1174:1190	different amounts of doxorubicin	1174:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	11	with	scaffolds	1159:1167	arg1	doxorubicin					1195:1205	doxorubicin	1195:1205	doxorubicin	1195:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	12	theme	doxorubicin	1195:1205	arg1	amounts					1184:1190	different amounts	1174:1190	different amounts of doxorubicin	1174:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	12	theme	doxorubicin	1195:1205	arg1	doxorubicin					1195:1205	doxorubicin	1195:1205	doxorubicin	1195:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	1	13	theme	doxorubicin	316:326	arg1	loading					305:311	the loading	301:311	the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times	301:350	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	3	14	theme	main	620:623	arg1	interactions					635:646	The main molecular interactions	616:646	The main molecular interactions determined by FTIR between both biopolymers	616:690	The main molecular interactions determined by FTIR between both biopolymers clearly suggest high compatibility.
26784658	7	15	from	%	1359:1359	arg1	Dox					1308:1310	the free Dox	1299:1310	the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37%	1299:1359	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	0	16	theme	colorectal	82:91	arg1	cells					99:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	1	17	theme	in	153:154	arg1	method					161:166	the in situ method	149:166	the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii	149:265	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	5	18	theme	%	986:986	arg1	area					970:973	surface area	962:973	surface area of about 84%	962:986	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	7	19	theme	payload	1492:1498	arg1	amounts					1476:1482	the different amounts	1462:1482	the different amounts of drug payload	1462:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	19	theme	payload	1492:1498	arg1	payload					1492:1498	drug payload	1487:1498	drug payload	1487:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	2	20	theme	films	384:388	arg1	analysis					365:372	Biophysical analysis	353:372	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR	353:466	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	7	21	theme	BC-Alg	1152:1157	arg1	scaffolds					1159:1167	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds	1144:1167	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin	1144:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	5	22	from	increase	950:957	arg1	area					970:973	surface area	962:973	surface area of about 84%	962:986	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	5	22	from	increase	950:957	arg1	volume					1000:1005	pore volume	995:1005	pore volume of more than 200%	995:1023	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	2	23	theme	X-ray	441:445	arg1	diffraction					447:457	X-ray diffraction	441:457	X-ray diffraction	441:457	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	0	24	theme	Modified	0:7	arg1	cellulose					19:27	Modified bacterial cellulose	0:27	Modified bacterial cellulose	0:27	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	1	25	theme	hansenii	258:265	arg1	cultivation					225:235	the microbial cultivation	211:235	the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii	211:265	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	5	26	theme	scaffold	844:851	arg1	analysis					853:860	BC-Alg scaffold analysis	837:860	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms	837:893	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	1	27	theme	static	273:278	arg1	conditions					280:289	static conditions	273:289	static conditions	273:289	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	1	28	theme	cellulose	116:124	arg1	films					131:135	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films	106:135	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions	106:289	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	6	29	theme	Barrett-Joyner-Halenda	1030:1051	arg1	model					1059:1063	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model	1026:1063	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model	1026:1063	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model also showed an increase of about 25% in the pore size compared to the BC film.
26784658	2	30	theme	scanning	393:400	arg1	microscopy					411:420	scanning electron microscopy	393:420	scanning electron microscopy	393:420	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	7	31	theme	cell	1277:1280	arg1	line					1282:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	0	32	theme	doxorubicin	53:63	arg1	release					65:71	localized doxorubicin release	43:71	localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells	43:103	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	7	33	theme	related	1451:1457	arg1	curves					1444:1449	hyperbolic curves	1433:1449	hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload	1433:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	34	theme	colorectal	1251:1260	arg1	line					1282:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	8	35	theme	nanocomposites	1563:1576	arg1	results					1541:1547	The results	1537:1547	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites	1537:1576	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites show a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors.
26784658	2	36	dep	homogeneous	484:494	arg1	interpenetrated					496:510	interpenetrated	496:510	interpenetrated	496:510	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	7	37	theme	hyperbolic	1433:1442	arg1	curves					1444:1449	hyperbolic curves	1433:1449	hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload	1433:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	38	theme	HT-29	1239:1243	arg1	line					1282:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	4	39	theme	BC	826:827	arg1	matrix					829:834	the hybrid BC matrix	815:834	the hybrid BC matrix	815:834	These results indicate that alginate plays a key role in the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix.
26784658	2	40	theme	Biophysical	353:363	arg1	analysis					365:372	Biophysical analysis	353:372	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR	353:466	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	7	41	theme	different	1174:1182	arg1	amounts					1184:1190	different amounts	1174:1190	different amounts of doxorubicin	1174:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	41	theme	different	1174:1182	arg1	doxorubicin					1195:1205	doxorubicin	1195:1205	doxorubicin	1195:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	1	42	theme	microbial	215:223	arg1	cultivation					225:235	the microbial cultivation	211:235	the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii	211:265	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	8	43	theme	anticancer	1610:1619	arg1	therapies					1621:1629	anticancer therapies	1610:1629	anticancer therapies of solid tumors	1610:1645	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites show a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors.
26784658	2	44	theme	increased	589:597	arg1	phase					609:613	an increased amorphous phase	586:613	an increased amorphous phase	586:613	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	7	45	theme	h.	1370:1371	arg1	Dox					1373:1375	48 h. Dox	1367:1375	48 h. Dox	1367:1375	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	8	46	theme	tumors	1640:1645	arg1	therapies					1621:1629	anticancer therapies	1610:1629	anticancer therapies of solid tumors	1610:1645	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites show a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors.
26784658	2	47	theme	BC	552:553	arg1	structure					567:575	the BC crystalline structure	548:575	the BC crystalline structure	548:575	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	6	48	theme	pore	1109:1112	arg1	size					1114:1117	the pore size	1105:1117	the pore size compared to the BC film	1105:1141	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model also showed an increase of about 25% in the pore size compared to the BC film.
26784658	5	49	theme	nitrogen	865:872	arg1	isotherms					885:893	nitrogen adsorption isotherms	865:893	nitrogen adsorption isotherms	865:893	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	7	50	dep	%	1359:1359	arg1	to					1354:1355	to	1354:1355	to	1354:1355	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	3	51	theme	molecular	625:633	arg1	interactions					635:646	The main molecular interactions	616:646	The main molecular interactions determined by FTIR between both biopolymers	616:690	The main molecular interactions determined by FTIR between both biopolymers clearly suggest high compatibility.
26784658	2	52	from	changes	537:543	arg1	structure					567:575	the BC crystalline structure	548:575	the BC crystalline structure	548:575	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	0	53	theme	human	76:80	arg1	cells					99:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	5	54	theme	Brunauer-Emmett-Teller	911:932	arg1	method					940:945	the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method	907:945	the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method	907:945	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	2	55	theme	homogeneous	484:494	arg1	scaffold					520:527	a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold	475:527	a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold	475:527	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	0	56	theme	HT-29	93:97	arg1	cells					99:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	1	57	with	method	161:166	arg1	addition					177:184	the addition	173:184	the addition of alginate (Alg)	173:202	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	5	58	theme	BET	935:937	arg1	method					940:945	the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method	907:945	the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method	907:945	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	7	59	theme	%	1352:1352	arg1	%					1359:1359	63% to 37%	1350:1359	63% to 37%	1350:1359	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	60	theme	drug	1487:1490	arg1	payload					1492:1498	drug payload	1487:1498	drug payload	1487:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	0	61	from	release	65:71	arg1	cells					99:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	human colorectal HT-29 cells	76:103	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	7	62	theme	Loading	1144:1150	arg1	scaffolds					1159:1167	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds	1144:1167	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin	1144:1205	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	63	theme	free	1303:1306	arg1	Dox					1308:1310	the free Dox	1299:1310	the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37%	1299:1359	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	2	64	theme	network	512:518	arg1	scaffold					520:527	a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold	475:527	a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold	475:527	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	4	65	theme	biophysical	789:799	arg1	properties					801:810	the biophysical properties	785:810	the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix	785:834	These results indicate that alginate plays a key role in the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix.
26784658	2	66	theme	BC-Alg	377:382	arg1	films					384:388	BC-Alg films	377:388	BC-Alg films	377:388	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	0	67	theme	bacterial	9:17	arg1	cellulose					19:27	Modified bacterial cellulose	0:27	Modified bacterial cellulose	0:27	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	5	68	theme	surface	962:968	arg1	area					970:973	surface area	962:973	surface area of about 84%	962:986	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	1	69	dep	in	153:154	arg1	situ					156:159	situ	156:159	situ	156:159	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	5	70	theme	BC-Alg	837:842	arg1	analysis					853:860	BC-Alg scaffold analysis	837:860	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms	837:893	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	1	71	theme	Bacterial	106:114	arg1	BC					127:128	BC	127:128	BC	127:128	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	1	71	theme	Bacterial	106:114	arg1	cellulose					116:124	Bacterial cellulose	106:124	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions	106:289	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	7	72	theme	line	1282:1285	arg1	viability					1226:1234	the cell viability	1217:1234	the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1217:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	4	73	theme	key	773:775	arg1	role					777:780	a key role	771:780	a key role	771:780	These results indicate that alginate plays a key role in the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix.
26784658	2	74	theme	electron	402:409	arg1	microscopy					411:420	scanning electron microscopy	393:420	scanning electron microscopy	393:420	Biophysical analysis of BC-Alg films by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and FTIR showed a highly homogeneous interpenetrated network scaffold without changes in the BC crystalline structure but with an increased amorphous phase.
26784658	0	75	theme	localized	43:51	arg1	release					65:71	localized doxorubicin release	43:71	localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells	43:103	Modified bacterial cellulose scaffolds for localized doxorubicin release in human colorectal HT-29 cells.
26784658	1	76	theme	alginate	189:196	arg1	addition					177:184	the addition	173:184	the addition of alginate (Alg)	173:202	Bacterial cellulose (BC) films modified by the in situ method with the addition of alginate (Alg) during the microbial cultivation of Gluconacetobacter hansenii under static conditions increased the loading of doxorubicin by at least three times.
26784658	7	77	theme	adenocarcinoma	1262:1275	arg1	line					1282:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	4	78	theme	matrix	829:834	arg1	properties					801:810	the biophysical properties	785:810	the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix	785:834	These results indicate that alginate plays a key role in the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix.
26784658	7	79	theme	different	1466:1474	arg1	amounts					1476:1482	the different amounts	1462:1482	the different amounts of drug payload	1462:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	7	79	theme	different	1466:1474	arg1	payload					1492:1498	drug payload	1487:1498	drug payload	1487:1498	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	5	80	theme	%	1023:1023	arg1	volume					1000:1005	pore volume	995:1005	pore volume of more than 200%	995:1023	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	7	81	theme	human	1245:1249	arg1	line					1282:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1239:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	5	82	theme	pore	995:998	arg1	volume					1000:1005	pore volume	995:1005	pore volume of more than 200%	995:1023	BC-Alg scaffold analysis by nitrogen adsorption isotherms revealed by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method an increase in surface area of about 84% and in pore volume of more than 200%.
26784658	6	83	theme	%	1100:1100	arg1	increase					1080:1087	an increase	1077:1087	an increase of about 25% in the pore size compared to the BC film	1077:1141	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model also showed an increase of about 25% in the pore size compared to the BC film.
26784658	6	84	from	increase	1080:1087	arg1	size					1114:1117	the pore size	1105:1117	the pore size compared to the BC film	1105:1141	The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) model also showed an increase of about 25% in the pore size compared to the BC film.
26784658	8	85	theme	promissory	1585:1594	arg1	potential					1596:1604	a promissory potential	1583:1604	a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors	1583:1645	The results of the BC-Alg nanocomposites show a promissory potential for anticancer therapies of solid tumors.
26784658	7	86	theme	cell	1221:1224	arg1	viability					1226:1234	the cell viability	1217:1234	the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line	1217:1285	Loading BC-Alg scaffolds with different amounts of doxorubicin decreased the cell viability of HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line compared to the free Dox from around 95-53% after 24h and from 63% to 37% after 48 h. Dox kinetic release from the BC-Alg nanocomposite displayed hyperbolic curves related to the different amounts of drug payload and was stable for at least 14 days.
26784658	4	87	theme	hybrid	819:824	arg1	matrix					829:834	the hybrid BC matrix	815:834	the hybrid BC matrix	815:834	These results indicate that alginate plays a key role in the biophysical properties of the hybrid BC matrix.
26432370	0	0	theme	lead	84:87	arg1	removal					93:99	fast lead ion removal	79:99	fast lead ion removal	79:99	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	10	1	from	applications	1293:1304	arg1	removal					1345:1351	efficient removal	1335:1351	efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1335:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	10	1	from	applications	1293:1304	arg1	deep-purification					1383:1399	deep-purification	1383:1399	deep-purification	1383:1399	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	10	1	from	applications	1293:1304	arg1	wastewater					1368:1377	wastewater	1368:1377	wastewater	1368:1377	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	0	2	theme	fast	79:82	arg1	removal					93:99	fast lead ion removal	79:99	fast lead ion removal	79:99	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	10	3	theme	potential	1283:1291	arg1	applications					1293:1304	the potential applications	1279:1304	the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1279:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	3	4	theme	magnetic	453:460	arg1	chitosan					462:469	magnetic chitosan	453:469	magnetic chitosan	453:469	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	5	5	theme	characteristic	645:658	arg1	result					660:665	The characteristic result	641:665	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD	641:687	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	6	6	theme	parameters	819:828	arg1	influence					787:795	The influence	783:795	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration	783:912	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	10	7	theme	efficient	1335:1343	arg1	removal					1345:1351	efficient removal	1335:1351	efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1335:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	10	8	from	deep-purification	1383:1399	arg1	removal					1345:1351	efficient removal	1335:1351	efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1335:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	10	8	from	deep-purification	1383:1399	arg1	applications					1293:1304	the potential applications	1279:1304	the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1279:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	6	9	theme	contact	870:876	arg1	time					878:881	contact time	870:881	contact time	870:881	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	0	10	theme	ion	89:91	arg1	removal					93:99	fast lead ion removal	79:99	fast lead ion removal	79:99	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	6	11	theme	analytical	808:817	arg1	parameters					819:828	various analytical parameters	800:828	various analytical parameters	800:828	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	9	12	used	used	1172:1175	arg2	GOMCS-ILs					1142:1150	the GOMCS-ILs	1138:1150	the GOMCS-ILs	1138:1150	Moreover, the GOMCS-ILs could be repeatedly used by simple treatment without obvious structure and performance degradation.
26432370	2	13	theme	composite	260:268	arg1	liquids					328:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids	304:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs)	304:346	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	13	theme	composite	260:268	arg1	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	13	theme	composite	260:268	arg1	oxide					294:298	graphene oxide	285:298	graphene oxide	285:298	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	3	14	theme	graphene	434:441	arg1	oxide					443:447	graphene oxide	434:447	graphene oxide	434:447	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	7	15	theme	second	971:976	arg1	kinetics					984:991	a pseudo second order kinetics	962:991	a pseudo second order kinetics	962:991	The adsorption followed a pseudo second order kinetics.
26432370	2	16	theme	magnetic	251:258	arg1	liquids					328:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids	304:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs)	304:346	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	16	theme	magnetic	251:258	arg1	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	16	theme	magnetic	251:258	arg1	oxide					294:298	graphene oxide	285:298	graphene oxide	285:298	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	8	17	theme	maximum	1079:1085	arg1	85mgg					1117:1121	85mgg	1117:1121	85mgg(-1)	1117:1125	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	8	17	theme	maximum	1079:1085	arg1	capacity					1098:1105	the maximum adsorption capacity	1075:1105	the maximum adsorption capacity	1075:1105	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	1	18	theme	metal	166:170	arg1	ions					172:175	metal ions	166:175	metal ions	166:175	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	5	19	theme	FTIR	670:673	arg1	result					660:665	The characteristic result	641:665	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD	641:687	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	9	20	theme	simple	1180:1185	arg1	treatment					1187:1195	simple treatment	1180:1195	simple treatment	1180:1195	Moreover, the GOMCS-ILs could be repeatedly used by simple treatment without obvious structure and performance degradation.
26432370	7	21	theme	order	978:982	arg1	kinetics					984:991	a pseudo second order kinetics	962:991	a pseudo second order kinetics	962:991	The adsorption followed a pseudo second order kinetics.
26432370	10	22	theme	microspheres	1319:1330	arg1	applications					1293:1304	the potential applications	1279:1304	the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1279:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	2	23	theme	novel	245:249	arg1	liquids					328:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids	304:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs)	304:346	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	23	theme	novel	245:249	arg1	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	23	theme	novel	245:249	arg1	oxide					294:298	graphene oxide	285:298	graphene oxide	285:298	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	3	24	theme	first	394:398	arg1	This					381:384	This	381:384	This	381:384	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	3	24	theme	first	394:398	arg1	time					400:403	the first time	390:403	the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions	390:512	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	10	25	theme	GOMCS-ILs	1309:1317	arg1	microspheres					1319:1330	GOMCS-ILs microspheres	1309:1330	GOMCS-ILs microspheres	1309:1330	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	3	26	theme	metal	503:507	arg1	ions					509:512	metal ions	503:512	metal ions	503:512	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	6	27	theme	various	800:806	arg1	parameters					819:828	various analytical parameters	800:828	various analytical parameters	800:828	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	7	28	theme	pseudo	964:969	arg1	kinetics					984:991	a pseudo second order kinetics	962:991	a pseudo second order kinetics	962:991	The adsorption followed a pseudo second order kinetics.
26432370	3	29	theme	ions	509:512	arg1	adsorption					489:498	the adsorption	485:498	the adsorption of metal ions	485:512	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	1	30	theme	aqueous	182:188	arg1	solutions					190:198	aqueous solutions	182:198	aqueous solutions	182:198	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	0	31	theme	graphene	22:29	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis of magnetic graphene	0:29	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	8	32	theme	isotherm	1056:1063	arg1	model					1065:1069	the Langmuir isotherm model	1043:1069	the Langmuir isotherm model	1043:1069	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	2	33	theme	graphene	285:292	arg1	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	33	theme	graphene	285:292	arg1	oxide					294:298	graphene oxide	285:298	graphene oxide	285:298	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	10	34	theme	Pb	1356:1357	arg1	removal					1345:1351	efficient removal	1335:1351	efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1335:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	5	35	theme	surface	736:742	arg1	area					744:747	large surface area	730:747	large surface area	730:747	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	0	36	theme	magnetic	13:20	arg1	graphene					22:29	magnetic graphene	13:29	magnetic graphene	13:29	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	3	37	theme	ionic	416:420	arg1	liquids					422:428	ionic liquids	416:428	ionic liquids	416:428	This was the first time to combine ionic liquids and graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan, and apply to the adsorption of metal ions.
26432370	5	38	theme	XRD	685:687	arg1	result					660:665	The characteristic result	641:665	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD	641:687	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	4	39	theme	adsorbent	590:598	arg1	dispersivity					570:581	the dispersivity	566:581	the dispersivity of the adsorbent	566:598	The addition of ionic liquids can not only improve the dispersivity of the adsorbent, but also increase the adsorption sites.
26432370	5	40	theme	magnetic	758:765	arg1	responsiveness					767:780	good magnetic responsiveness	753:780	good magnetic responsiveness	753:780	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	9	41	theme	performance	1227:1237	arg1	degradation					1239:1249	performance degradation	1227:1249	performance degradation	1227:1249	Moreover, the GOMCS-ILs could be repeatedly used by simple treatment without obvious structure and performance degradation.
26432370	8	42	theme	adsorption	1087:1096	arg1	85mgg					1117:1121	85mgg	1117:1121	85mgg(-1)	1117:1125	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	8	42	theme	adsorption	1087:1096	arg1	capacity					1098:1105	the maximum adsorption capacity	1075:1105	the maximum adsorption capacity	1075:1105	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	5	43	theme	good	753:756	arg1	responsiveness					767:780	good magnetic responsiveness	753:780	good magnetic responsiveness	753:780	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	0	44	theme	ionic	61:65	arg1	liquids					67:73	ionic liquids	61:73	ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal	61:99	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	8	45	theme	Langmuir	1047:1054	arg1	model					1065:1069	the Langmuir isotherm model	1043:1069	the Langmuir isotherm model	1043:1069	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	9	46	theme	obvious	1205:1211	arg1	structure					1213:1221	obvious structure	1205:1221	obvious structure	1205:1221	Moreover, the GOMCS-ILs could be repeatedly used by simple treatment without obvious structure and performance degradation.
26432370	1	47	from	much	208:211	arg1	demand					216:221	demand	216:221	demand	216:221	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	1	48	theme	highly-efficient	110:125	arg1	methods					148:154	highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods	110:154	highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods	110:154	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	4	49	theme	ionic	531:535	arg1	liquids					537:543	ionic liquids	531:543	ionic liquids	531:543	The addition of ionic liquids can not only improve the dispersivity of the adsorbent, but also increase the adsorption sites.
26432370	6	50	theme	Pb	851:852	arg1	adsorption					837:846	the adsorption	833:846	the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration	833:912	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	10	51	theme	water	1413:1417	arg1	removal					1345:1351	efficient removal	1335:1351	efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1335:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	0	52	dep	nanocomposites	31:44	arg1	decorated					46:54	decorated	46:54	nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal	31:99	Synthesis of magnetic graphene nanocomposites decorated with ionic liquids for fast lead ion removal.
26432370	4	53	theme	adsorption	623:632	arg1	sites					634:638	the adsorption sites	619:638	the adsorption sites	619:638	The addition of ionic liquids can not only improve the dispersivity of the adsorbent, but also increase the adsorption sites.
26432370	8	54	theme	equilibrium	998:1008	arg1	adsorption					1010:1019	The equilibrium adsorption	994:1019	The equilibrium adsorption	994:1019	The equilibrium adsorption was well-described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity was to be 85mgg(-1).
26432370	6	55	theme	ion	896:898	arg1	concentration					900:912	initial ion concentration	888:912	initial ion concentration	888:912	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	1	56	theme	low-cost	128:135	arg1	methods					148:154	highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods	110:154	highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods	110:154	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	4	57	theme	liquids	537:543	arg1	addition					519:526	The addition	515:526	The addition of ionic liquids	515:543	The addition of ionic liquids can not only improve the dispersivity of the adsorbent, but also increase the adsorption sites.
26432370	1	58	from	demand	216:221	arg1	much					208:211	much	208:211	much	208:211	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	2	59	attach	removing	353:360	arg1	water					374:378	water	374:378	water	374:378	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	59	attach	removing	353:360	arg2	oxide					294:298	graphene oxide	285:298	graphene oxide	285:298	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	59	attach	removing	353:360	arg2	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	59	attach	removing	353:360	arg2	liquids					328:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids	304:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs)	304:346	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	60	theme	magnetic	304:311	arg1	liquids					328:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids	304:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs)	304:346	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	60	theme	magnetic	304:311	arg1	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	60	theme	magnetic	304:311	arg1	GOMCS-ILs					337:345	GOMCS-ILs	337:345	GOMCS-ILs	337:345	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	61	theme	chitosan-ionic	313:326	arg1	liquids					328:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids	304:334	magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs)	304:346	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	61	theme	chitosan-ionic	313:326	arg1	bio-adsorbent					270:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent	243:282	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	2	61	theme	chitosan-ionic	313:326	arg1	GOMCS-ILs					337:345	GOMCS-ILs	337:345	GOMCS-ILs	337:345	Here, we developed a novel magnetic composite bio-adsorbent, graphene oxide and magnetic chitosan-ionic liquids (GOMCS-ILs), for removing Pb(II) from water.
26432370	10	62	theme	polluted	1404:1411	arg1	water					1413:1417	polluted water	1404:1417	polluted water	1404:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	1	63	theme	robust	141:146	arg1	methods					148:154	highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods	110:154	highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods	110:154	Seeking highly-efficient, low-cost and robust methods to remove metal ions from aqueous solutions is very much in demand.
26432370	6	64	theme	initial	888:894	arg1	concentration					900:912	initial ion concentration	888:912	initial ion concentration	888:912	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26432370	5	65	theme	SEM	676:678	arg1	result					660:665	The characteristic result	641:665	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD	641:687	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	5	66	theme	large	730:734	arg1	area					744:747	large surface area	730:747	large surface area	730:747	The characteristic result of FTIR, SEM, and XRD showed that GOMCS-ILs were prepared with large surface area and good magnetic responsiveness.
26432370	10	67	from	wastewater	1368:1377	arg1	removal					1345:1351	efficient removal	1335:1351	efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1335:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	10	67	from	wastewater	1368:1377	arg1	applications					1293:1304	the potential applications	1279:1304	the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water	1279:1417	These results demonstrated the potential applications of GOMCS-ILs microspheres in efficient removal of Pb(II) from wastewater and deep-purification of polluted water.
26432370	6	68	from	influence	787:795	arg1	adsorption					837:846	the adsorption	833:846	the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration	833:912	The influence of various analytical parameters on the adsorption of Pb(II) such as pH, contact time, and initial ion concentration were studied in detail.
26836620	10	0	theme	composite	1273:1281	arg1	membranes					1283:1291	the prepared composite membranes	1260:1291	the prepared composite membranes	1260:1291	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	5	1	theme	polyacrylamide	564:577	arg1	addition					552:559	addition	552:559	addition of polyacrylamide to chitosan	552:589	Thermogravimetric analysis showed that addition of polyacrylamide to chitosan increased its thermal stability.
26836620	1	2	theme	adsorptive	209:218	arg1	membranes					220:228	new thin adsorptive membranes	200:228	new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles	200:263	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	8	3	theme	interface	1029:1037	arg1	process					1039:1045	the solid/liquid interface process	1012:1045	the solid/liquid interface process	1012:1045	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	7	4	theme	kinetic	799:805	arg1	data					807:810	The kinetic data	795:810	The kinetic data	795:810	The kinetic data fitted to the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations.
26836620	1	5	theme	Cu	145:146	arg1	ions					152:155	Cu(II) ions	145:155	Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions	145:178	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	6	6	theme	Cu	669:670	arg1	ions					676:679	Cu(II) ions	669:679	Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes	669:709	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	0	7	theme	chitosan/polyacrylamide	74:96	arg1	membranes					98:106	nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes	62:106	nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes	62:106	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
26836620	6	8	theme	Cu	750:751	arg1	ions					757:760	Cu(II) ions	750:760	Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions	750:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	3	9	theme	process	362:368	arg1	variation					338:346	The variation	334:346	The variation of adsorption process	334:368	The variation of adsorption process was investigated in batch sorption mode.
26836620	4	10	theme	prepared	489:496	arg1	blend					506:510	the prepared polymer blend	485:510	the prepared polymer blend	485:510	Infrared absorption spectra were applied for chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend.
26836620	10	11	theme	natural	1367:1373	arg1	samples					1381:1387	natural water samples	1367:1387	natural water samples	1367:1387	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	4	12	theme	Infrared	411:418	arg1	spectra					431:437	Infrared absorption spectra	411:437	Infrared absorption spectra	411:437	Infrared absorption spectra were applied for chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend.
26836620	8	13	theme	spontaneous	935:945	arg1	adsorption					956:965	endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption	910:965	endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption	910:965	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	8	14	theme	endothermic	910:920	arg1	adsorption					956:965	endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption	910:965	endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption	910:965	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	10	15	theme	prepared	1264:1271	arg1	membranes					1283:1291	the prepared composite membranes	1260:1291	the prepared composite membranes	1260:1291	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	11	16	theme	gram	1436:1439	arg1	negatives					1441:1449	two gram negatives	1432:1449	two gram negatives	1432:1449	Antimicrobial activity was tested against two gram negatives, two gram positives and Candida sp.
26836620	10	17	from	samples	1381:1387	arg1	removal					1339:1345	the adsorptive removal	1324:1345	the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples	1324:1387	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	1	18	from	adsorption	131:140	arg1	solutions					170:178	aqueous solutions	162:178	aqueous solutions	162:178	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	5	19	theme	Thermogravimetric	513:529	arg1	analysis					531:538	Thermogravimetric analysis	513:538	Thermogravimetric analysis	513:538	Thermogravimetric analysis showed that addition of polyacrylamide to chitosan increased its thermal stability.
26836620	9	20	theme	adsorption-desorption	1205:1225	arg1	cycles					1227:1232	three adsorption-desorption cycles	1199:1232	three adsorption-desorption cycles	1199:1232	Regeneration experiments showed that the newly prepared membranes could be reconditioned without significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles.
26836620	12	21	theme	such	1575:1578	arg1	membranes					1580:1588	such membranes	1575:1588	such membranes	1575:1588	microbes and they showed a remarkable bioactivity indicating the capability of applying such membranes for a dual action.
26836620	4	22	theme	blend	506:510	arg1	characterization					465:480	chemical characterization	456:480	chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend	456:510	Infrared absorption spectra were applied for chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend.
26836620	5	23	theme	thermal	605:611	arg1	stability					613:621	its thermal stability	601:621	its thermal stability	601:621	Thermogravimetric analysis showed that addition of polyacrylamide to chitosan increased its thermal stability.
26836620	6	24	theme	thermodynamic	641:653	arg1	parameters					655:664	thermodynamic parameters	641:664	thermodynamic parameters	641:664	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	6	25	theme	removal	727:733	arg1	experiments					735:745	removal experiments	727:745	removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions	727:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	11	26	theme	Candida	1475:1481	arg1	sp					1483:1484	Candida sp	1475:1484	Candida sp	1475:1484	Antimicrobial activity was tested against two gram negatives, two gram positives and Candida sp.
26836620	4	27	theme	polymer	498:504	arg1	blend					506:510	the prepared polymer blend	485:510	the prepared polymer blend	485:510	Infrared absorption spectra were applied for chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend.
26836620	2	28	theme	chitosan/polyacrylamide	295:317	arg1	blend					327:331	chitosan/polyacrylamide polymer blend	295:331	chitosan/polyacrylamide polymer blend	295:331	Membranes were prepared from chitosan/polyacrylamide polymer blend.
26836620	3	29	theme	batch	390:394	arg1	mode					405:408	batch sorption mode	390:408	batch sorption mode	390:408	The variation of adsorption process was investigated in batch sorption mode.
26836620	1	30	theme	silver	244:249	arg1	nanoparticles					251:263	silver nanoparticles	244:263	silver nanoparticles	244:263	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	8	31	theme	solid/liquid	1016:1027	arg1	process					1039:1045	the solid/liquid interface process	1012:1045	the solid/liquid interface process	1012:1045	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	7	32	theme	adsorption	848:857	arg1	equations					867:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	The kinetic data fitted to the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations.
26836620	1	33	theme	ions	152:155	arg1	adsorption					131:140	adsorption	131:140	adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions	131:178	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	8	34	dep	endothermic	910:920	arg1	ΔH°>					923:926	ΔH°> 0	923:928	ΔH°> 0	923:928	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	8	34	dep	endothermic	910:920	arg1	ΔG°<					948:951	ΔG°< 0	948:953	ΔG°< 0	948:953	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	10	35	theme	water	1375:1379	arg1	samples					1381:1387	natural water samples	1367:1387	natural water samples	1367:1387	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	7	36	theme	kinetic	859:865	arg1	equations					867:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	The kinetic data fitted to the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations.
26836620	10	37	theme	ions	1357:1360	arg1	removal					1339:1345	the adsorptive removal	1324:1345	the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples	1324:1387	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	4	38	theme	chemical	456:463	arg1	characterization					465:480	chemical characterization	456:480	chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend	456:510	Infrared absorption spectra were applied for chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend.
26836620	9	39	theme	significant	1145:1155	arg1	loss					1157:1160	significant loss	1145:1160	significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles	1145:1232	Regeneration experiments showed that the newly prepared membranes could be reconditioned without significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles.
26836620	7	40	theme	traditional	826:836	arg1	equations					867:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	The kinetic data fitted to the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations.
26836620	1	41	theme	aqueous	162:168	arg1	solutions					170:178	aqueous solutions	162:178	aqueous solutions	162:178	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	11	42	theme	Antimicrobial	1390:1402	arg1	activity					1404:1411	Antimicrobial activity	1390:1411	Antimicrobial activity	1390:1411	Antimicrobial activity was tested against two gram negatives, two gram positives and Candida sp.
26836620	9	43	theme	prepared	1095:1102	arg1	membranes					1104:1112	the newly prepared membranes	1085:1112	the newly prepared membranes	1085:1112	Regeneration experiments showed that the newly prepared membranes could be reconditioned without significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles.
26836620	0	44	from	solutions	46:54	arg1	separation					12:21	separation	12:21	separation	12:21	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
26836620	0	44	from	solutions	46:54	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
26836620	7	45	theme	Lagergren	838:846	arg1	equations					867:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations	822:875	The kinetic data fitted to the traditional Lagergren adsorption kinetic equations.
26836620	9	46	theme	initial	1169:1175	arg1	properties					1177:1186	its initial properties	1165:1186	its initial properties	1165:1186	Regeneration experiments showed that the newly prepared membranes could be reconditioned without significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles.
26836620	0	47	theme	Cu	26:27	arg1	separation					12:21	separation	12:21	separation	12:21	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
26836620	0	47	theme	Cu	26:27	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
26836620	12	48	theme	dual	1596:1599	arg1	action					1601:1606	a dual action	1594:1606	a dual action	1594:1606	microbes and they showed a remarkable bioactivity indicating the capability of applying such membranes for a dual action.
26836620	1	49	from	solutions	170:178	arg1	adsorption					131:140	adsorption	131:140	adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions	131:178	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	1	49	from	solutions	170:178	arg1	ions					152:155	Cu(II) ions	145:155	Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions	145:178	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	3	50	theme	sorption	396:403	arg1	mode					405:408	batch sorption mode	390:408	batch sorption mode	390:408	The variation of adsorption process was investigated in batch sorption mode.
26836620	3	51	theme	adsorption	351:360	arg1	process					362:368	adsorption process	351:368	adsorption process	351:368	The variation of adsorption process was investigated in batch sorption mode.
26836620	10	52	theme	Cu	1350:1351	arg1	ions					1357:1360	Cu(II) ions	1350:1360	Cu(II) ions	1350:1360	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	6	53	theme	standard	767:774	arg1	solutions					784:792	standard aqueous solutions	767:792	standard aqueous solutions	767:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	11	54	theme	gram	1456:1459	arg1	positives					1461:1469	two gram positives	1452:1469	two gram positives	1452:1469	Antimicrobial activity was tested against two gram negatives, two gram positives and Candida sp.
26836620	6	55	dep	kinetics	628:635	arg1	The					624:626	The	624:626	The	624:626	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	6	56	from	solutions	784:792	arg1	experiments					735:745	removal experiments	727:745	removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions	727:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	6	56	from	solutions	784:792	arg1	ions					757:760	Cu(II) ions	750:760	Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions	750:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	4	57	theme	absorption	420:429	arg1	spectra					431:437	Infrared absorption spectra	411:437	Infrared absorption spectra	411:437	Infrared absorption spectra were applied for chemical characterization of the prepared polymer blend.
26836620	6	58	theme	ions	757:760	arg1	experiments					735:745	removal experiments	727:745	removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions	727:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	1	59	theme	present	116:122	arg1	study					124:128	the present study	112:128	the present study	112:128	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	6	60	theme	adsorption	681:690	arg1	kinetics					628:635	kinetics	628:635	kinetics	628:635	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	6	60	theme	adsorption	681:690	arg1	parameters					655:664	thermodynamic parameters	641:664	thermodynamic parameters	641:664	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	6	61	from	experiments	735:745	arg1	solutions					784:792	standard aqueous solutions	767:792	standard aqueous solutions	767:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	12	62	theme	remarkable	1514:1523	arg1	bioactivity					1525:1535	a remarkable bioactivity	1512:1535	a remarkable bioactivity indicating the capability of applying such membranes for a dual action	1512:1606	microbes and they showed a remarkable bioactivity indicating the capability of applying such membranes for a dual action.
26836620	6	63	theme	aqueous	776:782	arg1	solutions					784:792	standard aqueous solutions	767:792	standard aqueous solutions	767:792	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	9	64	theme	properties	1177:1186	arg1	loss					1157:1160	significant loss	1145:1160	significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles	1145:1232	Regeneration experiments showed that the newly prepared membranes could be reconditioned without significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles.
26836620	2	65	theme	polymer	319:325	arg1	blend					327:331	chitosan/polyacrylamide polymer blend	295:331	chitosan/polyacrylamide polymer blend	295:331	Membranes were prepared from chitosan/polyacrylamide polymer blend.
26836620	6	66	theme	ions	676:679	arg1	adsorption					681:690	Cu(II) ions adsorption	669:690	Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes	669:709	The kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of Cu(II) ions adsorption onto the membranes were studied by removal experiments of Cu(II) ions from standard aqueous solutions.
26836620	10	67	theme	adsorptive	1328:1337	arg1	removal					1339:1345	the adsorptive removal	1324:1345	the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples	1324:1387	The results suggest that the prepared composite membranes can be efficiently applied for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from natural water samples.
26836620	0	68	theme	aqueous	38:44	arg1	solutions					46:54	aqueous solutions	38:54	aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes	38:106	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
26836620	8	69	theme	Thermodynamic	878:890	arg1	studies					892:898	Thermodynamic studies	878:898	Thermodynamic studies	878:898	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	9	70	theme	Regeneration	1048:1059	arg1	experiments					1061:1071	Regeneration experiments	1048:1071	Regeneration experiments	1048:1071	Regeneration experiments showed that the newly prepared membranes could be reconditioned without significant loss of its initial properties even after three adsorption-desorption cycles.
26836620	1	71	theme	new	200:202	arg1	membranes					220:228	new thin adsorptive membranes	200:228	new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles	200:263	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	1	72	theme	thin	204:207	arg1	membranes					220:228	new thin adsorptive membranes	200:228	new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles	200:263	In the present study, adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was evaluated using new thin adsorptive membranes modified with silver nanoparticles.
26836620	8	73	theme	entropy	981:987	arg1	ΔS°>					1001:1004	ΔS°> 0	1001:1006	ΔS°> 0	1001:1006	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	8	73	theme	entropy	981:987	arg1	generation					989:998	entropy generation	981:998	entropy generation (ΔS°> 0)	981:1007	Thermodynamic studies indicated endothermic (ΔH°> 0) and spontaneous (ΔG°< 0) adsorption together with entropy generation (ΔS°> 0) at the solid/liquid interface process.
26836620	0	74	theme	nano-silver	62:72	arg1	membranes					98:106	nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes	62:106	nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes	62:106	Removal and separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions using nano-silver chitosan/polyacrylamide membranes.
28447973	1	0	theme	thin	159:162	arg1	HPTLC					186:190	HPTLC	186:190	HPTLC	186:190	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	0	theme	thin	159:162	arg1	chromatography					170:183	high performance thin layer chromatography	142:183	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	142:191	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	7	1	theme	cholesterol	1125:1135	arg1	content					1137:1143	the cholesterol content	1121:1143	the cholesterol content of the cell	1121:1155	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	1	2	theme	layer	164:168	arg1	HPTLC					186:190	HPTLC	186:190	HPTLC	186:190	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	2	theme	layer	164:168	arg1	chromatography					170:183	high performance thin layer chromatography	142:183	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	142:191	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	3	3	from	focus	478:482	arg1	level					503:507	the cholesterol level	487:507	the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils	487:544	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	8	4	theme	neutrophils	1198:1208	arg1	treatment					1181:1189	MβCD treatment	1176:1189	MβCD treatment of the neutrophils	1176:1208	At the same time, MβCD treatment of the neutrophils led to the formation of NETs, as shown by immunofluorescence microscopy.
28447973	0	5	theme	Extracellular	93:105	arg1	Neutrophil					82:91	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps	82:111	Neutrophil Extracellular Traps	82:111	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	9	6	theme	NETs	1392:1395	arg1	formation					1379:1387	the formation	1375:1387	the formation of NETs	1375:1395	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	9	6	theme	NETs	1392:1395	arg1	alterations					1344:1354	lipid alterations	1338:1354	lipid alterations in neutrophils	1338:1369	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	4	7	theme	alterations	677:687	arg1	role					651:654	the role	647:654	the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)	647:745	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	1	8	theme	broad	254:258	arg1	range					260:264	a broad range	252:264	a broad range of lipids	252:274	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	0	9	theme	Neutrophil	82:91	arg1	Formation					69:77	the Subsequent Formation	54:77	the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps	54:111	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	0	9	theme	Neutrophil	82:91	arg1	Alterations					23:33	Lipid Alterations	17:33	Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils	17:48	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	7	10	theme	MβCD	1023:1026	arg1	treatment					1028:1036	MβCD treatment	1023:1036	MβCD treatment of the cells	1023:1049	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	7	11	theme	cell	1152:1155	arg1	content					1137:1143	the cholesterol content	1121:1143	the cholesterol content of the cell	1121:1155	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	2	12	theme	host-pathogen	310:322	arg1	interactions					324:335	host-pathogen interactions	310:335	host-pathogen interactions	310:335	The function of lipids (e.g., in host-pathogen interactions or host entry) has been reported to play a crucial role in cellular processes.
28447973	9	13	theme	lipid	1338:1342	arg1	alterations					1344:1354	lipid alterations	1338:1354	lipid alterations in neutrophils	1338:1369	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	4	14	theme	neutrophil	709:718	arg1	formation					696:704	the formation	692:704	the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)	692:745	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	3	15	from	HPTLC	550:554	arg1	comparison					559:568	comparison	559:568	comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	559:617	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	5	16	theme	host	774:777	arg1	mechanism					787:795	a host defense mechanism	772:795	a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host	772:847	NET release is known as a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host.
28447973	5	16	theme	host	774:777	arg1	release					752:758	NET release	748:758	NET release	748:758	NET release is known as a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host.
28447973	7	17	theme	significant	1096:1106	arg1	reduction					1108:1116	a significant reduction	1094:1116	a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell	1094:1155	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	0	18	dep	Neutrophil	82:91	arg1	Traps					107:111	Traps	107:111	Traps	107:111	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	5	19	theme	defense	779:785	arg1	mechanism					787:795	a host defense mechanism	772:795	a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host	772:847	NET release is known as a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host.
28447973	5	19	theme	defense	779:785	arg1	release					752:758	NET release	748:758	NET release	748:758	NET release is known as a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host.
28447973	0	20	from	Alterations	23:33	arg1	Neutrophils					38:48	Neutrophils	38:48	Neutrophils	38:48	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	9	21	from	formation	1379:1387	arg1	neutrophils					1359:1369	neutrophils	1359:1369	neutrophils	1359:1369	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	4	22	theme	lipid/cholesterol	659:675	arg1	alterations					677:687	lipid/cholesterol alterations	659:687	lipid/cholesterol alterations	659:687	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	2	23	theme	cellular	396:403	arg1	processes					405:413	cellular processes	396:413	cellular processes	396:413	The function of lipids (e.g., in host-pathogen interactions or host entry) has been reported to play a crucial role in cellular processes.
28447973	9	24	attach	present	1303:1309	arg2	we					1300:1301	we	1300:1301	we	1300:1301	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	9	24	attach	present	1303:1309	arg1	summary					1286:1292	summary	1286:1292	summary	1286:1292	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	2	25	theme	lipids	293:298	arg1	function					281:288	The function	277:288	The function of lipids (e.g., in host-pathogen interactions or host entry)	277:350	The function of lipids (e.g., in host-pathogen interactions or host entry) has been reported to play a crucial role in cellular processes.
28447973	3	26	theme	liquid	590:595	arg1	HPLC					613:616	HPLC	613:616	HPLC	613:616	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	3	26	theme	liquid	590:595	arg1	chromatography					597:610	high performance liquid chromatography	573:610	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	573:617	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	0	27	theme	Lipid	17:21	arg1	Alterations					23:33	Lipid Alterations	17:33	Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils	17:48	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	1	28	theme	lipids	269:274	arg1	range					260:264	a broad range	252:264	a broad range of lipids	252:274	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	8	29	theme	immunofluorescence	1252:1269	arg1	microscopy					1271:1280	immunofluorescence microscopy	1252:1280	immunofluorescence microscopy	1252:1280	At the same time, MβCD treatment of the neutrophils led to the formation of NETs, as shown by immunofluorescence microscopy.
28447973	2	30	theme	crucial	380:386	arg1	role					388:391	a crucial role	378:391	a crucial role	378:391	The function of lipids (e.g., in host-pathogen interactions or host entry) has been reported to play a crucial role in cellular processes.
28447973	3	31	theme	performance	578:588	arg1	HPLC					613:616	HPLC	613:616	HPLC	613:616	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	3	31	theme	performance	578:588	arg1	chromatography					597:610	high performance liquid chromatography	573:610	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	573:617	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	3	32	theme	cholesterol	491:501	arg1	level					503:507	the cholesterol level	487:507	the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils	487:544	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	4	33	dep	neutrophil	709:718	arg1	extracellular					720:732	extracellular	720:732	extracellular	720:732	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	4	33	dep	neutrophil	709:718	arg1	NETs					741:744	NETs	741:744	NETs	741:744	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	0	34	from	Formation	69:77	arg1	Neutrophils					38:48	Neutrophils	38:48	Neutrophils	38:48	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	3	35	theme	neutrophils	534:544	arg1	level					503:507	the cholesterol level	487:507	the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils	487:544	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	4	36	dep	extracellular	720:732	arg1	traps					734:738	traps	734:738	traps	734:738	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	3	37	link	blood-derived	520:532	arg1	neutrophils					534:544	primary blood-derived neutrophils	512:544	primary blood-derived neutrophils	512:544	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	6	38	theme	human	875:879	arg1	neutrophils					881:891	blood-derived human neutrophils	861:891	blood-derived human neutrophils	861:891	Therefore, blood-derived human neutrophils were treated with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to induce lipid alterations in the cells.
28447973	7	39	from	reduction	1108:1116	arg1	content					1137:1143	the cholesterol content	1121:1143	the cholesterol content of the cell	1121:1155	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	5	40	theme	NET	748:750	arg1	mechanism					787:795	a host defense mechanism	772:795	a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host	772:847	NET release is known as a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host.
28447973	5	40	theme	NET	748:750	arg1	release					752:758	NET release	748:758	NET release	748:758	NET release is known as a host defense mechanism to prevent pathogens from spreading within the host.
28447973	9	41	from	alterations	1344:1354	arg1	neutrophils					1359:1369	neutrophils	1359:1369	neutrophils	1359:1369	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	1	42	theme	simple	209:214	arg1	method					232:237	a relatively simple, cost-effective method	196:237	a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids	196:274	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	42	theme	simple	209:214	arg1	analysis					120:127	Lipid analysis	114:127	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	114:191	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	6	43	theme	blood-derived	861:873	arg1	neutrophils					881:891	blood-derived human neutrophils	861:891	blood-derived human neutrophils	861:891	Therefore, blood-derived human neutrophils were treated with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to induce lipid alterations in the cells.
28447973	3	44	theme	high	573:576	arg1	HPLC					613:616	HPLC	613:616	HPLC	613:616	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	3	44	theme	high	573:576	arg1	chromatography					597:610	high performance liquid chromatography	573:610	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	573:617	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	3	45	theme	primary	512:518	arg1	neutrophils					534:544	primary blood-derived neutrophils	512:544	primary blood-derived neutrophils	512:544	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	1	46	theme	Lipid	114:118	arg1	method					232:237	a relatively simple, cost-effective method	196:237	a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids	196:274	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	46	theme	Lipid	114:118	arg1	analysis					120:127	Lipid analysis	114:127	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	114:191	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	7	47	theme	cells	1045:1049	arg1	treatment					1028:1036	MβCD treatment	1023:1036	MβCD treatment of the cells	1023:1049	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	3	48	theme	blood-derived	520:532	arg1	neutrophils					534:544	primary blood-derived neutrophils	512:544	primary blood-derived neutrophils	512:544	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	3	49	theme	lipid	452:456	arg1	composition					458:468	lipid composition	452:468	lipid composition	452:468	Here, we show a method to determine lipid composition, with a focus on the cholesterol level of primary blood-derived neutrophils, by HPTLC in comparison to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
28447973	8	50	theme	MβCD	1176:1179	arg1	treatment					1181:1189	MβCD treatment	1176:1189	MβCD treatment of the neutrophils	1176:1208	At the same time, MβCD treatment of the neutrophils led to the formation of NETs, as shown by immunofluorescence microscopy.
28447973	4	51	from	role	651:654	arg1	formation					696:704	the formation	692:704	the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)	692:745	The aim was to investigate the role of lipid/cholesterol alterations in the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
28447973	7	52	theme	lipid	1060:1064	arg1	alterations					1066:1076	lipid alterations	1060:1076	lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell	1060:1155	Using HPTLC and HPLC, we have shown that MβCD treatment of the cells leads to lipid alterations associated with a significant reduction in the cholesterol content of the cell.
28447973	8	53	theme	NETs	1234:1237	arg1	formation					1221:1229	the formation	1217:1229	the formation of NETs	1217:1237	At the same time, MβCD treatment of the neutrophils led to the formation of NETs, as shown by immunofluorescence microscopy.
28447973	1	54	dep	simple	209:214	arg1	cost-effective					217:230	cost-effective	217:230	cost-effective	217:230	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	55	theme	performance	147:157	arg1	HPTLC					186:190	HPTLC	186:190	HPTLC	186:190	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	55	theme	performance	147:157	arg1	chromatography					170:183	high performance thin layer chromatography	142:183	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	142:191	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	6	56	theme	lipid	950:954	arg1	alterations					956:966	lipid alterations	950:966	lipid alterations	950:966	Therefore, blood-derived human neutrophils were treated with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to induce lipid alterations in the cells.
28447973	0	57	theme	Subsequent	58:67	arg1	Formation					69:77	the Subsequent Formation	54:77	the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps	54:111	Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.
28447973	8	58	theme	same	1165:1168	arg1	time					1170:1173	the same time	1161:1173	the same time	1161:1173	At the same time, MβCD treatment of the neutrophils led to the formation of NETs, as shown by immunofluorescence microscopy.
28447973	1	59	theme	high	142:145	arg1	HPTLC					186:190	HPTLC	186:190	HPTLC	186:190	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	1	59	theme	high	142:145	arg1	chromatography					170:183	high performance thin layer chromatography	142:183	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	142:191	Lipid analysis performed by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is a relatively simple, cost-effective method of analyzing a broad range of lipids.
28447973	9	60	theme	detailed	1313:1320	arg1	method					1322:1327	a detailed method	1311:1327	a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs	1311:1395	In summary, here we present a detailed method to study lipid alterations in neutrophils and the formation of NETs.
28447973	6	61	link	blood-derived	861:873	arg1	neutrophils					881:891	blood-derived human neutrophils	861:891	blood-derived human neutrophils	861:891	Therefore, blood-derived human neutrophils were treated with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) to induce lipid alterations in the cells.
28447973	2	62	theme	host	340:343	arg1	entry					345:349	host entry	340:349	host entry	340:349	The function of lipids (e.g., in host-pathogen interactions or host entry) has been reported to play a crucial role in cellular processes.
26010869	10	0	theme	reduction	1667:1675	arg1	ii					1628:1629	ii	1628:1629	ii	1628:1629	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	10	0	theme	reduction	1667:1675	arg1	FN					1638:1639	a low FN	1632:1639	a low FN	1632:1639	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	10	0	theme	reduction	1667:1675	arg1	indicative					1651:1660	indicative	1651:1660	indicative	1651:1660	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	7	1	theme	isoform	963:969	arg1	TaAmy3					982:987	TaAmy3	982:987	TaAmy3	982:987	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	7	1	theme	isoform	963:969	arg1	α-amylase					971:979	an isoform α-amylase	960:979	an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3)	960:988	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	11	2	theme	specific	1784:1791	arg1	α-amylase					1793:1801	specific α-amylase	1784:1801	specific α-amylase	1784:1801	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	1	3	theme	preharvest	137:146	arg1	defects					176:182	genetic defects	168:182	genetic defects in wheat	168:191	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	3	theme	preharvest	137:146	arg1	α-amylase					117:125	Late maturity α-amylase	103:125	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA)	103:131	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	3	theme	preharvest	137:146	arg1	PHS					159:161	PHS	159:161	PHS	159:161	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	3	theme	preharvest	137:146	arg1	sprouting					148:156	preharvest sprouting	137:156	preharvest sprouting (PHS)	137:162	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	11	4	from	impact	1751:1756	arg1	quality					1818:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	9	5	theme	loaf	1384:1387	arg1	volume					1389:1394	increased loaf volume	1374:1394	increased loaf volume	1374:1394	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	6	6	theme	product	900:906	arg1	quality					908:914	end product quality	896:914	end product quality	896:914	No studies have been conducted to determine whether LMA is detrimental to end product quality.
26010869	9	7	theme	baking	1477:1482	arg1	improver					1484:1491	baking improver	1477:1491	baking improver	1477:1491	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	2	8	from	genotypes	288:296	arg1	grain					305:309	the grain	301:309	the grain prior to harvest	301:326	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	9	9	theme	control	1457:1463	arg1	flours					1465:1470	control flours	1457:1470	control flours	1457:1470	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	7	10	theme	grain	1039:1043	arg1	endosperm					1015:1023	the endosperm	1011:1023	the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type	1011:1097	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	10	11	from	reduction	1667:1675	arg1	quality					1680:1686	quality	1680:1686	quality	1680:1686	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	2	12	theme	α-amylase	264:272	arg1	isoforms					252:259	specific isoforms	243:259	specific isoforms of α-amylase	243:272	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	0	13	theme	baking	84:89	arg1	properties					91:100	baking properties	84:100	baking properties	84:100	Engineering high α-amylase levels in wheat grain lowers Falling Number but improves baking properties.
26010869	3	14	theme	subsequent	462:471	arg1	downgrading					473:483	subsequent downgrading	462:483	subsequent downgrading of the grain	462:496	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	2	15	theme	isoforms	252:259	arg1	expression					229:238	the expression	225:238	the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest	225:326	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	10	16	theme	assumption	1561:1570	arg1	validity					1545:1552	the validity	1541:1552	the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality	1541:1686	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	2	17	theme	prior	311:315	arg1	grain					305:309	the grain	301:309	the grain prior to harvest	301:326	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	5	18	theme	PHS-affected	672:683	arg1	grains					685:690	PHS-affected grains	672:690	PHS-affected grains	672:690	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	2	19	theme	specific	243:250	arg1	isoforms					252:259	specific isoforms	243:259	specific isoforms of α-amylase	243:272	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	11	20	theme	better	1723:1728	arg1	understanding					1730:1742	a better understanding	1721:1742	a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality	1721:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	6	21	theme	end	896:898	arg1	quality					908:914	end product quality	896:914	end product quality	896:914	No studies have been conducted to determine whether LMA is detrimental to end product quality.
26010869	7	22	theme	developing	1028:1037	arg1	grain					1039:1043	developing grain	1028:1043	developing grain	1028:1043	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	9	23	theme	small-scale	1323:1333	arg1	tests					1335:1339	these small-scale tests	1317:1339	these small-scale tests	1317:1339	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	11	24	theme	impact	1751:1756	arg1	understanding					1730:1742	a better understanding	1721:1742	a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality	1721:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	11	25	theme	α-amylase	1793:1801	arg1	expression					1770:1779	elevated expression	1761:1779	elevated expression of specific α-amylase	1761:1801	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	2	26	dep	characterized	208:220	arg1	both					203:206	both	203:206	both	203:206	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	0	27	theme	high	12:15	arg1	levels					27:32	high α-amylase levels	12:32	high α-amylase levels	12:32	Engineering high α-amylase levels in wheat grain lowers Falling Number but improves baking properties.
26010869	8	28	contain	had	1186:1188	arg2	effect					1205:1210	no detrimental effect	1190:1210	no detrimental effect	1190:1210	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	8	28	contain	had	1186:1188	arg1	increase					1177:1184	This increase	1172:1184	This increase	1172:1184	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	7	29	dep	100-fold	1064:1071	arg1	higher					1073:1078	higher	1073:1078	higher	1073:1078	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	7	29	dep	100-fold	1064:1071	arg1	to					1061:1062	to	1061:1062	to	1061:1062	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	3	30	from	expression	342:351	arg1	PHS					382:384	PHS	382:384	PHS	382:384	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	30	from	expression	342:351	arg1	LMA					374:376	LMA	374:376	LMA	374:376	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	31	theme	α-amylase	356:364	arg1	expression					342:351	The enhanced expression	329:351	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS	329:384	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	8	32	theme	10-g	1295:1298	arg1	tests					1307:1311	small-scale 10-g baking tests	1283:1311	small-scale 10-g baking tests	1283:1311	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	11	33	theme	elevated	1761:1768	arg1	expression					1770:1779	elevated expression	1761:1779	elevated expression of specific α-amylase	1761:1801	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	2	34	theme	particular	277:286	arg1	genotypes					288:296	particular genotypes	277:296	particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest	277:326	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	11	35	theme	expression	1770:1779	arg1	impact					1751:1756	the impact	1747:1756	the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality	1747:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	3	36	theme	enhanced	333:340	arg1	expression					342:351	The enhanced expression	329:351	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS	329:384	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	7	37	theme	PHS-affected	1151:1162	arg1	grains					1164:1169	LMA- or PHS-affected grains	1143:1169	LMA- or PHS-affected grains	1143:1169	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	11	38	theme	product	1810:1816	arg1	quality					1818:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	5	39	theme	end	801:803	arg1	quality					813:819	end product quality	801:819	end product quality	801:819	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	10	40	theme	end	1603:1605	arg1	quality					1615:1621	end product quality	1603:1621	end product quality	1603:1621	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	1	41	theme	genetic	168:174	arg1	defects					176:182	genetic defects	168:182	genetic defects in wheat	168:191	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	41	theme	genetic	168:174	arg1	α-amylase					117:125	Late maturity α-amylase	103:125	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA)	103:131	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	41	theme	genetic	168:174	arg1	sprouting					148:156	preharvest sprouting	137:156	preharvest sprouting (PHS)	137:162	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	3	42	theme	grain	492:496	arg1	test					435:438	a test	433:438	a test of gel viscosity	433:455	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	42	theme	grain	492:496	arg1	FN					428:429	FN	428:429	FN	428:429	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	42	theme	grain	492:496	arg1	downgrading					473:483	subsequent downgrading	462:483	subsequent downgrading of the grain	462:496	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	42	theme	grain	492:496	arg1	Number					420:425	Falling Number	412:425	Falling Number (FN)	412:430	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	10	43	theme	low	1634:1636	arg1	ii					1628:1629	ii	1628:1629	ii	1628:1629	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	10	43	theme	low	1634:1636	arg1	FN					1638:1639	a low FN	1632:1639	a low FN	1632:1639	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	10	43	theme	low	1634:1636	arg1	indicative					1651:1660	indicative	1651:1660	indicative	1651:1660	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	3	44	theme	viscosity	447:455	arg1	test					435:438	a test	433:438	a test of gel viscosity	433:455	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	44	theme	viscosity	447:455	arg1	FN					428:429	FN	428:429	FN	428:429	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	44	theme	viscosity	447:455	arg1	downgrading					473:483	subsequent downgrading	462:483	subsequent downgrading of the grain	462:496	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	44	theme	viscosity	447:455	arg1	Number					420:425	Falling Number	412:425	Falling Number (FN)	412:430	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	8	45	theme	baking	1264:1269	arg1	quality					1271:1277	enhanced baking quality	1255:1277	enhanced baking quality	1255:1277	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	1	46	theme	Late	103:106	arg1	defects					176:182	genetic defects	168:182	genetic defects in wheat	168:191	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	46	theme	Late	103:106	arg1	LMA					128:130	LMA	128:130	LMA	128:130	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	46	theme	Late	103:106	arg1	α-amylase					117:125	Late maturity α-amylase	103:125	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA)	103:131	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	46	theme	Late	103:106	arg1	sprouting					148:156	preharvest sprouting	137:156	preharvest sprouting (PHS)	137:162	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	2	47	from	expression	229:238	arg1	genotypes					288:296	particular genotypes	277:296	particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest	277:326	They are both characterized by the expression of specific isoforms of α-amylase in particular genotypes in the grain prior to harvest.
26010869	5	48	theme	other	707:711	arg1	process					725:731	other degradative process	707:731	other degradative process	707:731	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	0	49	theme	wheat	37:41	arg1	grain					43:47	wheat grain	37:47	wheat grain	37:47	Engineering high α-amylase levels in wheat grain lowers Falling Number but improves baking properties.
26010869	9	50	theme	increased	1374:1382	arg1	volume					1389:1394	increased loaf volume	1374:1394	increased loaf volume	1374:1394	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	8	51	theme	enhanced	1255:1262	arg1	quality					1271:1277	enhanced baking quality	1255:1277	enhanced baking quality	1255:1277	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	9	52	theme	Maillard-related	1400:1415	arg1	browning					1417:1424	Maillard-related browning	1400:1424	Maillard-related browning	1400:1424	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	5	53	theme	degradative	713:723	arg1	process					725:731	other degradative process	707:731	other degradative process	707:731	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	7	54	theme	LMA-	1143:1146	arg1	grains					1164:1169	LMA- or PHS-affected grains	1143:1169	LMA- or PHS-affected grains	1143:1169	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	11	55	theme	end	1806:1808	arg1	quality					1818:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	10	56	dep	indicative	1651:1660	arg1	ii					1628:1629	ii	1628:1629	ii	1628:1629	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	10	56	dep	indicative	1651:1660	arg1	FN					1638:1639	a low FN	1632:1639	a low FN	1632:1639	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	10	56	dep	indicative	1651:1660	arg1	indicative					1651:1660	indicative	1651:1660	indicative	1651:1660	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	3	57	from	reduction	399:407	arg1	test					435:438	a test	433:438	a test of gel viscosity	433:455	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	57	from	reduction	399:407	arg1	FN					428:429	FN	428:429	FN	428:429	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	57	from	reduction	399:407	arg1	downgrading					473:483	subsequent downgrading	462:483	subsequent downgrading of the grain	462:496	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	57	from	reduction	399:407	arg1	Number					420:425	Falling Number	412:425	Falling Number (FN)	412:430	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	4	58	theme	FN	543:544	arg1	unable					554:559	unable	554:559	unable	554:559	The FN test is unable to distinguish between LMA and PHS; thus, both defects are treated similarly when grain is traded.
26010869	4	58	theme	FN	543:544	arg1	test					546:549	The FN test	539:549	The FN test	539:549	The FN test is unable to distinguish between LMA and PHS; thus, both defects are treated similarly when grain is traded.
26010869	1	59	theme	maturity	108:115	arg1	defects					176:182	genetic defects	168:182	genetic defects in wheat	168:191	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	59	theme	maturity	108:115	arg1	LMA					128:130	LMA	128:130	LMA	128:130	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	59	theme	maturity	108:115	arg1	α-amylase					117:125	Late maturity α-amylase	103:125	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA)	103:131	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	1	59	theme	maturity	108:115	arg1	sprouting					148:156	preharvest sprouting	137:156	preharvest sprouting (PHS)	137:162	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	8	60	theme	small-scale	1283:1293	arg1	tests					1307:1311	small-scale 10-g baking tests	1283:1311	small-scale 10-g baking tests	1283:1311	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	8	61	theme	starch	1215:1220	arg1	structure					1222:1230	starch structure	1215:1230	starch structure	1215:1230	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	5	62	contain	have	775:778	arg2	impact					791:796	a negative impact	780:796	a negative impact	780:796	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	5	62	contain	have	775:778	arg1	this					752:755	this	752:755	this	752:755	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	7	63	theme	low	1111:1113	arg1	FN					1115:1116	low FN	1111:1116	low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains	1111:1169	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	10	64	theme	product	1607:1613	arg1	quality					1615:1621	end product quality	1603:1621	end product quality	1603:1621	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	9	65	theme	higher	1436:1441	arg1	levels					1429:1434	levels	1429:1434	levels higher than those in control flours	1429:1470	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	8	66	theme	flour	1233:1237	arg1	composition					1239:1249	flour composition	1233:1249	flour composition	1233:1249	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	1	67	from	defects	176:182	arg1	wheat					187:191	wheat	187:191	wheat	187:191	Late maturity α-amylase (LMA) and preharvest sprouting (PHS) are genetic defects in wheat.
26010869	10	68	dep	LMA	1581:1583	arg1	i					1578:1578	i	1578:1578	i	1578:1578	These findings raise questions as to the validity of the assumption that (i) LMA is detrimental to end product quality and (ii) a low FN is always indicative of a reduction in quality.
26010869	8	69	theme	detrimental	1193:1203	arg1	effect					1205:1210	no detrimental effect	1190:1210	no detrimental effect	1190:1210	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	11	70	from	quality	1818:1824	arg1	understanding					1730:1742	a better understanding	1721:1742	a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality	1721:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	8	71	theme	baking	1300:1305	arg1	tests					1307:1311	small-scale 10-g baking tests	1283:1311	small-scale 10-g baking tests	1283:1311	This increase had no detrimental effect on starch structure, flour composition and enhanced baking quality, in small-scale 10-g baking tests.
26010869	5	72	theme	negative	782:789	arg1	impact					791:796	a negative impact	780:796	a negative impact	780:796	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	11	73	from	understanding	1730:1742	arg1	quality					1818:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	end product quality	1806:1824	This work suggests the need for a better understanding of the impact of elevated expression of specific α-amylase on end product quality.
26010869	7	74	theme	similar	1118:1124	arg1	FN					1115:1116	low FN	1111:1116	low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains	1111:1169	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
26010869	3	75	theme	reduced	512:518	arg1	price					520:524	a reduced price	510:524	a reduced price for growers	510:536	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	76	theme	Falling	412:418	arg1	FN					428:429	FN	428:429	FN	428:429	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	3	76	theme	Falling	412:418	arg1	Number					420:425	Falling Number	412:425	Falling Number (FN)	412:430	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	5	77	theme	product	805:811	arg1	quality					813:819	end product quality	801:819	end product quality	801:819	However, in PHS-affected grains, proteases and other degradative process are activated, and this has been shown to have a negative impact on end product quality.
26010869	3	78	dep	along	499:503	arg1	with					505:508	with	505:508	with	505:508	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	9	79	theme	TaAmy3	1360:1365	arg1	overexpression					1342:1355	overexpression	1342:1355	overexpression of TaAmy3	1342:1365	In these small-scale tests, overexpression of TaAmy3 led to increased loaf volume and Maillard-related browning to levels higher than those in control flours when baking improver was added.
26010869	0	80	theme	Falling	56:62	arg1	Number					64:69	Falling Number	56:69	Falling Number	56:69	Engineering high α-amylase levels in wheat grain lowers Falling Number but improves baking properties.
26010869	0	81	theme	α-amylase	17:25	arg1	levels					27:32	high α-amylase levels	12:32	high α-amylase levels	12:32	Engineering high α-amylase levels in wheat grain lowers Falling Number but improves baking properties.
26010869	3	82	theme	gel	443:445	arg1	viscosity					447:455	gel viscosity	443:455	gel viscosity	443:455	The enhanced expression of α-amylase in both LMA and PHS results in a reduction in Falling Number (FN), a test of gel viscosity, and subsequent downgrading of the grain, along with a reduced price for growers.
26010869	7	83	theme	100-fold	1064:1071	arg1	levels					1048:1053	levels	1048:1053	levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type	1048:1097	This work demonstrated that wheat in which an isoform α-amylase (TaAmy3) was overexpressed in the endosperm of developing grain to levels of up to 100-fold higher than the wild-type resulted in low FN similar to those seen in LMA- or PHS-affected grains.
24929011	2	0	theme	self-microemulsifying	531:551	arg1	SMEDDS					575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	0	theme	self-microemulsifying	531:551	arg1	system					567:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system	514:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)	514:581	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	6	1	theme	significant	1333:1343	arg1	difference					1345:1354	no significant difference	1330:1354	no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1330:1404	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	6	2	dep	In	1102:1103	arg1	vivo					1105:1108	vivo	1105:1108	vivo	1105:1108	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	6	3	theme	celastrol	1179:1187	arg1	SMEDDS					1189:1194	celastrol SMEDDS	1179:1194	celastrol SMEDDS	1179:1194	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	7	4	theme	terpenes	1521:1528	arg1	drugs					1530:1534	poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs	1500:1534	poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs	1500:1534	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	7	4	theme	terpenes	1521:1528	arg1	celastrol					1545:1553	celastrol	1545:1553	celastrol	1545:1553	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	2	5	theme	celastrol	521:529	arg1	SMEDDS					575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	5	theme	celastrol	521:529	arg1	system					567:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system	514:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)	514:581	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	1	6	dep	dissolution	304:314	arg1	the					300:302	the	300:302	the	300:302	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	5	7	with	min	1047:1049	arg1	size					1077:1080	the average particle size	1056:1080	the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm	1056:1099	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	6	8	theme	SMEDDS	1189:1194	arg1	rats					1141:1144	rats	1141:1144	rats	1141:1144	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	6	8	theme	SMEDDS	1189:1194	arg1	tablets					1219:1225	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1200:1225	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1200:1225	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	6	8	theme	SMEDDS	1189:1194	arg1	bioavailability					1160:1174	the relative bioavailability	1147:1174	the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS	1147:1194	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	3	9	theme	granulation	754:764	arg1	method					778:783	wet granulation compression method	750:783	wet granulation compression method	750:783	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	5	10	dep	in	947:948	arg1	vitro					950:954	vitro	950:954	vitro	950:954	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	3	11	theme	microcrystalline	589:604	arg1	cellulose					606:614	microcrystalline cellulose KG	589:617	microcrystalline cellulose KG 802	589:621	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	7	12	theme	dispersible	1455:1465	arg1	tablets					1467:1473	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1448:1473	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1448:1473	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	0	13	theme	bioavailability	107:121	arg1	evaluation					123:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	13	theme	bioavailability	107:121	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	3	14	theme	wet	750:752	arg1	method					778:783	wet granulation compression method	750:783	wet granulation compression method	750:783	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	5	15	theme	average	1060:1066	arg1	size					1077:1080	the average particle size	1056:1080	the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm	1056:1099	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	3	16	theme	cellulose	606:614	arg1	802					619:621	microcrystalline cellulose KG 802	589:621	microcrystalline cellulose KG 802	589:621	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	3	16	theme	cellulose	606:614	arg1	adsorbent					647:655	adsorbent	647:655	adsorbent	647:655	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	4	17	theme	optimized	790:798	arg1	formulation					800:810	The optimized formulation	786:810	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets	786:850	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	7	18	theme	drugs	1530:1534	arg1	delivery					1488:1495	the oral delivery	1479:1495	the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol	1479:1553	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	4	19	theme	celastrol-SMEDDS	815:830	arg1	tablets					844:850	celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets	815:850	celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets	815:850	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	5	20	theme	particle	1068:1075	arg1	size					1077:1080	the average particle size	1056:1080	the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm	1056:1099	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	2	21	theme	phase	437:441	arg1	diagrams					443:450	ternary phase diagrams	429:450	ternary phase diagrams test	429:455	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	22	theme	system	567:572	arg1	composition					499:509	the composition	495:509	the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)	495:581	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	23	theme	liquid	514:519	arg1	SMEDDS					575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	23	theme	liquid	514:519	arg1	system					567:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system	514:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)	514:581	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	6	24	theme	CMC-Na	1248:1253	arg1	suspension					1255:1264	the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1239:1264	the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1239:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	7	25	theme	water-soluble	1507:1519	arg1	drugs					1530:1534	poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs	1500:1534	poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs	1500:1534	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	7	25	theme	water-soluble	1507:1519	arg1	celastrol					1545:1553	celastrol	1545:1553	celastrol	1545:1553	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	2	26	theme	ternary	429:435	arg1	diagrams					443:450	ternary phase diagrams	429:450	ternary phase diagrams test	429:455	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	0	27	theme	self-microemulsifying	6:26	arg1	charaterization					87:101	charaterization	87:101	charaterization	87:101	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	27	theme	self-microemulsifying	6:26	arg1	evaluation					123:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	27	theme	self-microemulsifying	6:26	arg1	development					74:84	formulation development	62:84	formulation development	62:84	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	27	theme	self-microemulsifying	6:26	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	6	28	theme	%	1246:1246	arg1	suspension					1255:1264	the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1239:1264	the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1239:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	2	29	theme	Solubility	355:364	arg1	test					366:369	Solubility test	355:369	Solubility test	355:369	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	0	30	theme	Solid	0:4	arg1	charaterization					87:101	charaterization	87:101	charaterization	87:101	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	30	theme	Solid	0:4	arg1	evaluation					123:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	30	theme	Solid	0:4	arg1	development					74:84	formulation development	62:84	formulation development	62:84	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	30	theme	Solid	0:4	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	6	31	theme	0.4	1243:1245	arg1	%					1246:1246	%	1246:1246	%	1246:1246	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	1	32	theme	self-microemulsion	197:214	arg1	adsorbent					184:192	adsorbent	184:192	adsorbent	184:192	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	4	33	theme	tablets	844:850	arg1	formulation					800:810	The optimized formulation	786:810	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets	786:850	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	5	34	theme	nm	1098:1099	arg1	size					1077:1080	the average particle size	1056:1080	the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm	1056:1099	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	6	35	theme	rats	1141:1144	arg1	experiments					1126:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments	1102:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1102:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	0	36	theme	dispersible	28:38	arg1	charaterization					87:101	charaterization	87:101	charaterization	87:101	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	36	theme	dispersible	28:38	arg1	evaluation					123:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	36	theme	dispersible	28:38	arg1	development					74:84	formulation development	62:84	formulation development	62:84	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	36	theme	dispersible	28:38	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	1	37	theme	oral	320:323	arg1	bioavailability					325:339	oral bioavailability	320:339	oral bioavailability	320:339	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	6	38	theme	dispersible	1386:1396	arg1	tablets					1398:1404	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1379:1404	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1379:1404	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	4	39	theme	dispersible	832:842	arg1	tablets					844:850	celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets	815:850	celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets	815:850	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	5	40	theme	dispersible	978:988	arg1	tablets					990:996	the dispersible tablets	974:996	the dispersible tablets	974:996	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	0	41	theme	celastrol	51:59	arg1	charaterization					87:101	charaterization	87:101	charaterization	87:101	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	41	theme	celastrol	51:59	arg1	evaluation					123:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	41	theme	celastrol	51:59	arg1	development					74:84	formulation development	62:84	formulation development	62:84	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	41	theme	celastrol	51:59	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	6	42	theme	tablets	1219:1225	arg1	experiments					1126:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments	1102:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1102:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	6	43	theme	SMEDDS	1379:1384	arg1	tablets					1398:1404	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1379:1404	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1379:1404	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	4	44	theme	process	913:919	arg1	feasibility					884:894	the feasibility	880:894	the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility	880:940	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	5	45	theme	in	947:948	arg1	study					956:960	The in vitro study	943:960	The in vitro study	943:960	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	6	46	theme	bioavailability	1160:1174	arg1	experiments					1126:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments	1102:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1102:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	7	47	theme	SMEDDS	1448:1453	arg1	tablets					1467:1473	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1448:1473	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1448:1473	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	3	48	theme	celastrol-SMEDDS	683:698	arg1	formulation					700:710	the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation	662:710	the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method	662:783	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	4	49	theme	preparing	903:911	arg1	process					913:919	the preparing process	899:919	the preparing process	899:919	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	2	50	theme	diagrams	443:450	arg1	test					452:455	ternary phase diagrams test	429:455	ternary phase diagrams test	429:455	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	0	51	theme	formulation	62:72	arg1	development					74:84	formulation development	62:84	formulation development	62:84	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	51	theme	formulation	62:72	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	1	52	theme	celastrol	344:352	arg1	dissolution					304:314	dissolution	304:314	dissolution	304:314	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	1	52	theme	celastrol	344:352	arg1	bioavailability					325:339	oral bioavailability	320:339	oral bioavailability	320:339	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	6	53	theme	pharmacokinetic	1110:1124	arg1	experiments					1126:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments	1102:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1102:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	4	54	theme	redispersibility	925:940	arg1	feasibility					884:894	the feasibility	880:894	the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility	880:940	The optimized formulation of celastrol-SMEDDS dispersible tablets was finally determinated by the feasibility of the preparing process and redispersibility.
24929011	6	55	theme	dispersible	1207:1217	arg1	tablets					1219:1225	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1200:1225	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1200:1225	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	2	56	theme	grading	389:395	arg1	test					397:400	self-emulsifying grading test	372:400	self-emulsifying grading test	372:400	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	7	57	theme	tablets	1467:1473	arg1	use					1441:1443	the potential use	1427:1443	the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol	1427:1553	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	7	58	theme	potential	1431:1439	arg1	use					1441:1443	the potential use	1427:1443	the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol	1427:1553	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	2	59	theme	self-emulsifying	372:387	arg1	test					397:400	self-emulsifying grading test	372:400	self-emulsifying grading test	372:400	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	3	60	theme	optimized	666:674	arg1	formulation					700:710	the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation	662:710	the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method	662:783	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	0	61	dep	tablets	40:46	arg1	charaterization					87:101	charaterization	87:101	charaterization	87:101	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	61	dep	tablets	40:46	arg1	evaluation					123:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	bioavailability evaluation	107:132	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	61	dep	tablets	40:46	arg1	development					74:84	formulation development	62:84	formulation development	62:84	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	0	61	dep	tablets	40:46	arg1	tablets					40:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	0:46	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.	0:133	Solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets of celastrol: formulation development, charaterization and bioavailability evaluation.
24929011	6	62	theme	In	1102:1103	arg1	experiments					1126:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments	1102:1136	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension	1102:1264	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	5	63	theme	dispersion	1020:1029	arg1	medium					1031:1036	the dispersion medium	1016:1036	the dispersion medium	1016:1036	The in vitro study showed that the dispersible tablets could disperse in the dispersion medium within 3 min with the average particle size of 25.32 ± 3.26 nm.
24929011	6	64	theme	SMEDDS	1200:1205	arg1	tablets					1219:1225	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1200:1225	SMEDDS dispersible tablets	1200:1225	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	1	65	theme	fine	233:236	arg1	tablets					278:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	231:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol	231:352	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	7	66	theme	oral	1483:1486	arg1	delivery					1488:1495	the oral delivery	1479:1495	the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol	1479:1553	The results suggest the potential use of SMEDDS dispersible tablets for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble terpenes drugs, such as celastrol.
24929011	6	67	theme	±	1290:1290	arg1	%					1296:1296	558 ± 6.77%	1286:1296	558 ± 6.77%	1286:1296	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	3	68	theme	liquid	676:681	arg1	formulation					700:710	the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation	662:710	the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method	662:783	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	1	69	theme	study	152:156	arg1	aims					139:142	The aims	135:142	The aims of this study	135:156	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	1	70	theme	solid	238:242	arg1	tablets					278:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	231:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol	231:352	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	2	71	theme	delivery	558:565	arg1	SMEDDS					575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	71	theme	delivery	558:565	arg1	system					567:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system	514:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)	514:581	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	3	72	theme	dispersible	727:737	arg1	tablets					739:745	the dispersible tablets	723:745	the dispersible tablets	723:745	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	2	73	theme	size	411:414	arg1	analysis					416:423	droplet size analysis	403:423	droplet size analysis	403:423	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	6	74	theme	relative	1151:1158	arg1	bioavailability					1160:1174	the relative bioavailability	1147:1174	the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS	1147:1194	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	1	75	theme	self-microemulsifying	244:264	arg1	tablets					278:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	231:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol	231:352	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
24929011	2	76	theme	drug	553:556	arg1	SMEDDS					575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	SMEDDS	575:580	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	2	76	theme	drug	553:556	arg1	system					567:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system	514:572	liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)	514:581	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	3	77	theme	compression	766:776	arg1	method					778:783	wet granulation compression method	750:783	wet granulation compression method	750:783	Then microcrystalline cellulose KG 802 was added as a suitable adsorbent into the optimized liquid celastrol-SMEDDS formulation to prepare the dispersible tablets by wet granulation compression method.
24929011	6	78	theme	±	1274:1274	arg1	%					1280:1280	569 ± 7.07%	1270:1280	569 ± 7.07%	1270:1280	In vivo pharmacokinetic experiments of rats, the relative bioavailability of celastrol SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets compared to the 0.4% CMC-Na suspension was 569 ± 7.07% and 558 ± 6.77%, respectively, while there were no significant difference between the SMEDDS and SMEDDS dispersible tablets.
24929011	2	79	theme	droplet	403:409	arg1	analysis					416:423	droplet size analysis	403:423	droplet size analysis	403:423	Solubility test, self-emulsifying grading test, droplet size analysis and ternary phase diagrams test were performed to screen and optimize the composition of liquid celastrol self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).
24929011	1	80	theme	dispersible	266:276	arg1	tablets					278:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets	231:284	a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol	231:352	The aims of this study were to choose a suitable adsorbent of self-microemulsion and to develop a fine solid self-microemulsifying dispersible tablets for promoting the dissolution and oral bioavailability of celastrol.
26289219	4	0	contain	had	638:640	arg2	properties					665:674	good superparamagnetic properties	642:674	good superparamagnetic properties	642:674	The prepared nanocomposites were within 15 nm and had good superparamagnetic properties.
26289219	4	0	contain	had	638:640	arg1	nanocomposites					601:614	The prepared nanocomposites	588:614	The prepared nanocomposites	588:614	The prepared nanocomposites were within 15 nm and had good superparamagnetic properties.
26289219	6	1	dep	%	743:743	arg1	88					741:742	88	741:742	88	741:742	It was found that nearly 88% DOX was released within 60 h at pH 5.0, compared with only 29% at pH 7.4.
26289219	2	2	theme	magnetic	246:253	arg1	nanoparticles					255:267	magnetic nanoparticles	246:267	magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4)	246:275	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	2	2	theme	magnetic	246:253	arg1	Fe3O4					270:274	Fe3O4	270:274	Fe3O4	270:274	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	2	3	theme	composite	309:317	arg1	cytotoxicity					289:300	cytotoxicity	289:300	cytotoxicity of the composite	289:317	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	4	4	theme	prepared	592:599	arg1	nanocomposites					601:614	The prepared nanocomposites	588:614	The prepared nanocomposites	588:614	The prepared nanocomposites were within 15 nm and had good superparamagnetic properties.
26289219	0	5	theme	doxorubicin	99:109	arg1	delivery					87:94	controlled delivery	76:94	controlled delivery of doxorubicin	76:109	Synthesis and characterisation of a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin.
26289219	5	6	theme	loading	681:687	arg1	rate					689:692	The loading rate	677:692	The loading rate of DOX	677:699	The loading rate of DOX was up to 83%.
26289219	5	6	theme	loading	681:687	arg1	%					713:713	up to 83%	705:713	up to 83%	705:713	The loading rate of DOX was up to 83%.
26289219	3	7	theme	cis-aconitic	472:483	arg1	anhydride					485:493	cis-aconitic anhydride	472:493	cis-aconitic anhydride	472:493	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	7	theme	cis-aconitic	472:483	arg1	linker					464:469	a pH-sensitive linker	449:469	a pH-sensitive linker	449:469	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	8	theme	acidic	520:525	arg1	environment					537:547	the acidic lysosomal environment	516:547	the acidic lysosomal environment	516:547	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	6	9	dep	DOX	745:747	arg1	%					743:743	%	743:743	%	743:743	It was found that nearly 88% DOX was released within 60 h at pH 5.0, compared with only 29% at pH 7.4.
26289219	3	10	theme	lysosomal	527:535	arg1	environment					537:547	the acidic lysosomal environment	516:547	the acidic lysosomal environment	516:547	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	2	11	attach	linked	236:241	arg1	nanoparticles					255:267	magnetic nanoparticles	246:267	magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4)	246:275	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	2	11	attach	linked	236:241	arg2	CS					228:229	CS	228:229	CS	228:229	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	2	11	attach	linked	236:241	arg1	Fe3O4					270:274	Fe3O4	270:274	Fe3O4	270:274	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	2	11	attach	linked	236:241	arg2	Chitosan					218:225	Chitosan	218:225	Chitosan (CS)	218:230	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	5	12	dep	83	711:712	arg1	to					708:709	to	708:709	to	708:709	The loading rate of DOX was up to 83%.
26289219	2	13	theme	large	334:338	arg1	number					340:345	a large number	332:345	a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules	332:394	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	6	14	dep	released	753:760	arg1	compared					785:792	compared	785:792	compared with only 29% at pH 7.4	785:816	It was found that nearly 88% DOX was released within 60 h at pH 5.0, compared with only 29% at pH 7.4.
26289219	2	15	theme	molecules	386:394	arg1	coupling					369:376	coupling	369:376	coupling of drug molecules	369:394	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	6	16	from	pH	811:812	arg1	%					806:806	only 29%	799:806	only 29% at pH 7.4	799:816	It was found that nearly 88% DOX was released within 60 h at pH 5.0, compared with only 29% at pH 7.4.
26289219	3	17	theme	pH-sensitive	451:462	arg1	anhydride					485:493	cis-aconitic anhydride	472:493	cis-aconitic anhydride	472:493	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	17	theme	pH-sensitive	451:462	arg1	linker					464:469	a pH-sensitive linker	449:469	a pH-sensitive linker	449:469	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	18	theme	pH-responsive	558:570	arg1	release					572:578	pH-responsive release	558:578	pH-responsive release of DOX	558:585	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	0	19	theme	pH-sensitive	36:47	arg1	nanocomposite					58:70	a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite	34:70	a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin	34:109	Synthesis and characterisation of a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin.
26289219	2	20	theme	reactive	350:357	arg1	sites					359:363	reactive sites	350:363	reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules	350:394	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	4	21	theme	superparamagnetic	647:663	arg1	properties					665:674	good superparamagnetic properties	642:674	good superparamagnetic properties	642:674	The prepared nanocomposites were within 15 nm and had good superparamagnetic properties.
26289219	3	22	theme	magnetic	421:428	arg1	MCS					440:442	MCS	440:442	MCS	440:442	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	22	theme	magnetic	421:428	arg1	chitosan					430:437	the magnetic chitosan	417:437	the magnetic chitosan (MCS)	417:443	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	4	23	theme	good	642:645	arg1	properties					665:674	good superparamagnetic properties	642:674	good superparamagnetic properties	642:674	The prepared nanocomposites were within 15 nm and had good superparamagnetic properties.
26289219	0	24	theme	nanocomposite	58:70	arg1	characterisation					14:29	characterisation	14:29	characterisation	14:29	Synthesis and characterisation of a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin.
26289219	0	24	theme	nanocomposite	58:70	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and characterisation of a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin.
26289219	3	25	attach	attached	405:412	arg1	MCS					440:442	MCS	440:442	MCS	440:442	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	25	attach	attached	405:412	arg1	chitosan					430:437	the magnetic chitosan	417:437	the magnetic chitosan (MCS)	417:443	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	25	attach	attached	405:412	arg2	DOX					397:399	DOX	397:399	DOX	397:399	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	3	26	theme	DOX	583:585	arg1	release					572:578	pH-responsive release	558:578	pH-responsive release of DOX	558:585	DOX was attached to the magnetic chitosan (MCS) via a pH-sensitive linker, cis-aconitic anhydride, which hydrolyses in the acidic lysosomal environment to allow pH-responsive release of DOX.
26289219	2	27	theme	sites	359:363	arg1	number					340:345	a large number	332:345	a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules	332:394	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
26289219	0	28	theme	magnetic	49:56	arg1	nanocomposite					58:70	a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite	34:70	a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin	34:109	Synthesis and characterisation of a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin.
26289219	1	29	theme	magnetic	126:133	arg1	nanocomposite					179:191	a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite	124:191	a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite	124:191	We prepared a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite, denoted by MCS-CAA-DOX.
26289219	5	30	theme	DOX	697:699	arg1	rate					689:692	The loading rate	677:692	The loading rate of DOX	677:699	The loading rate of DOX was up to 83%.
26289219	5	30	theme	DOX	697:699	arg1	%					713:713	up to 83%	705:713	up to 83%	705:713	The loading rate of DOX was up to 83%.
26289219	1	31	theme	chitosan-cis-aconitic	135:155	arg1	nanocomposite					179:191	a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite	124:191	a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite	124:191	We prepared a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite, denoted by MCS-CAA-DOX.
26289219	1	32	theme	anhydride-doxorubicin	157:177	arg1	nanocomposite					179:191	a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite	124:191	a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite	124:191	We prepared a magnetic chitosan-cis-aconitic anhydride-doxorubicin nanocomposite, denoted by MCS-CAA-DOX.
26289219	0	33	theme	controlled	76:85	arg1	delivery					87:94	controlled delivery	76:94	controlled delivery of doxorubicin	76:109	Synthesis and characterisation of a pH-sensitive magnetic nanocomposite for controlled delivery of doxorubicin.
26289219	2	34	theme	drug	381:384	arg1	molecules					386:394	drug molecules	381:394	drug molecules	381:394	Chitosan (CS) was linked to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to decrease cytotoxicity of the composite and provided a large number of reactive sites for coupling of drug molecules.
28426898	5	0	theme	fusion	1005:1010	arg1	terms					991:995	terms	991:995	terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness	991:1040	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	5	1	theme	cells	982:986	arg1	quality					956:962	quality	956:962	quality	956:962	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	5	1	theme	cells	982:986	arg1	quantity					943:950	the quantity	939:950	the quantity	939:950	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	6	2	theme	decorin	1194:1200	arg1	effect					1184:1189	the effect	1180:1189	the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation	1180:1228	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	2	3	theme	molecules	318:326	arg1	topology					282:289	topology	282:289	topology	282:289	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	2	3	theme	molecules	318:326	arg1	composition					269:279	polymer composition	261:279	polymer composition	261:279	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	2	3	theme	molecules	318:326	arg1	presence					300:307	the presence	296:307	the presence of other molecules	296:326	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	8	4	dep	105A	1339:1342	arg1	2241-2251					1345:1353	2241-2251	1345:1353	2241-2251	1345:1353	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2241-2251, 2017.
28426898	6	5	theme	myoblast	1205:1212	arg1	differentiation					1214:1228	myoblast differentiation	1205:1228	myoblast differentiation	1205:1228	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	5	6	theme	myotube	1013:1019	arg1	length					1021:1026	myotube length	1013:1026	myotube length	1013:1026	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	4	7	theme	cell	676:679	arg1	growth					681:686	cell growth	676:686	cell growth	676:686	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	8	with	fibers	633:638	arg1	content					652:658	higher content	645:658	higher content of PLGA	645:666	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	9	theme	coverage	796:803	arg1	coverage					857:864	coverage	857:864	coverage for myotubes	857:877	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	9	theme	coverage	796:803	arg1	coverage					796:803	coverage	796:803	coverage per field of view for myoblasts	796:835	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	9	theme	coverage	796:803	arg1	%					852:852	more than 7%	841:852	more than 7% of coverage for myotubes	841:877	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	9	theme	coverage	796:803	arg1	%					791:791	over 68%	784:791	over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts	784:835	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	2	10	theme	polymer	261:267	arg1	composition					269:279	polymer composition	261:279	polymer composition	261:279	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	4	11	contain	having	751:756	arg2	confluence					770:779	the highest confluence	758:779	the highest confluence	758:779	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	11	contain	having	751:756	arg1	scaffolds					741:749	PLGA scaffolds	736:749	PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes	736:877	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	12	theme	PCL	629:631	arg1	fibers					633:638	aligned PCL fibers	621:638	aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA	621:666	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	13	theme	higher	645:650	arg1	content					652:658	higher content	645:658	higher content of PLGA	645:666	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	3	14	with	poly	459:462	arg1	poly					503:506	poly	503:506	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)	503:538	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	14	with	poly	459:462	arg1	acid					527:530	lactic-co-glycolic acid	508:530	lactic-co-glycolic acid	508:530	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	14	with	poly	459:462	arg1	PLGA					534:537	PLGA	534:537	PLGA	534:537	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	14	with	poly	459:462	arg1	decorin					543:549	decorin	543:549	decorin	543:549	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	14	with	poly	459:462	arg1	proteoglycan					554:565	a proteoglycan	552:565	a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis	552:594	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	2	15	from	response	198:205	arg1	scaffolds					218:226	polymer scaffolds	210:226	polymer scaffolds	210:226	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	5	16	from	quality	956:962	arg1	terms					991:995	terms	991:995	terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness	991:1040	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	0	17	theme	poly	50:53	arg1	scaffolds					71:79	electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds	38:79	electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds	38:79	Improving myoblast differentiation on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds.
28426898	1	18	theme	Polymer	82:88	arg1	alternative					115:125	an alternative	112:125	an alternative to support tissue regeneration	112:156	Polymer scaffolds are used as an alternative to support tissue regeneration when it does not occur on its own.
28426898	1	18	theme	Polymer	82:88	arg1	scaffolds					90:98	Polymer scaffolds	82:98	Polymer scaffolds	82:98	Polymer scaffolds are used as an alternative to support tissue regeneration when it does not occur on its own.
28426898	6	19	theme	alignment	1270:1278	arg1	effect					1254:1259	the topological effect	1238:1259	the topological effect of fiber alignment	1238:1278	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	3	20	theme	unaligned	414:422	arg1	fibers					424:429	aligned or unaligned fibers	403:429	aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis	403:594	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	0	21	theme	myoblast	10:17	arg1	differentiation					19:33	myoblast differentiation	10:33	myoblast differentiation	10:33	Improving myoblast differentiation on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds.
28426898	3	22	with	blends	491:496	arg1	poly					503:506	poly	503:506	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)	503:538	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	22	with	blends	491:496	arg1	acid					527:530	lactic-co-glycolic acid	508:530	lactic-co-glycolic acid	508:530	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	22	with	blends	491:496	arg1	PLGA					534:537	PLGA	534:537	PLGA	534:537	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	22	with	blends	491:496	arg1	decorin					543:549	decorin	543:549	decorin	543:549	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	22	with	blends	491:496	arg1	proteoglycan					554:565	a proteoglycan	552:565	a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis	552:594	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	4	23	theme	PLGA	663:666	arg1	content					652:658	higher content	645:658	higher content of PLGA	645:666	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	3	24	theme	aligned	403:409	arg1	fibers					424:429	aligned or unaligned fibers	403:429	aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis	403:594	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	8	25	dep	Res	1327:1329	arg1	105A					1339:1342	105A	1339:1342	105A	1339:1342	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2241-2251, 2017.
28426898	8	25	dep	Res	1327:1329	arg1	A					1336:1336	Part A	1331:1336	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2241-2251, 2017.	1312:1360	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2241-2251, 2017.
28426898	3	26	theme	cellular	346:353	arg1	response					355:362	the cellular response	342:362	the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	342:398	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	6	27	from	effect	1184:1189	arg1	differentiation					1214:1228	myoblast differentiation	1205:1228	myoblast differentiation	1205:1228	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	6	28	theme	fiber	1264:1268	arg1	alignment					1270:1278	fiber alignment	1264:1278	fiber alignment	1264:1278	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	3	29	theme	lactic-co-glycolic	508:525	arg1	poly					503:506	poly	503:506	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)	503:538	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	3	29	theme	lactic-co-glycolic	508:525	arg1	acid					527:530	lactic-co-glycolic acid	508:530	lactic-co-glycolic acid	508:530	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	4	30	theme	aligned	621:627	arg1	fibers					633:638	aligned PCL fibers	621:638	aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA	621:666	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	3	31	theme	muscle	383:388	arg1	myoblasts					390:398	murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	367:398	murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	367:398	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	7	32	dep	©	1281:1281	arg1	Inc.					1307:1310	Inc.	1307:1310	Inc.	1307:1310	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
28426898	3	33	theme	myoblasts	390:398	arg1	response					355:362	the cellular response	342:362	the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	342:398	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	5	34	theme	length	1021:1026	arg1	terms					991:995	terms	991:995	terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness	991:1040	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	0	35	theme	electrospun	38:48	arg1	poly					50:53	electrospun poly	38:53	electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds	38:79	Improving myoblast differentiation on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds.
28426898	0	35	theme	electrospun	38:48	arg1	ε-caprolactone					55:68	ε-caprolactone	55:68	ε-caprolactone	55:68	Improving myoblast differentiation on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds.
28426898	2	36	theme	polymer	210:216	arg1	scaffolds					218:226	polymer scaffolds	210:226	polymer scaffolds	210:226	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	3	37	theme	murine	367:372	arg1	myoblasts					390:398	murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	367:398	murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	367:398	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	6	38	theme	certain	1156:1162	arg1	concentrations					1164:1177	certain concentrations	1156:1177	certain concentrations	1156:1177	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	5	39	theme	differentiated	967:980	arg1	cells					982:986	differentiated cells	967:986	differentiated cells	967:986	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	4	40	theme	highest	762:768	arg1	confluence					770:779	the highest confluence	758:779	the highest confluence	758:779	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	2	41	theme	other	312:316	arg1	molecules					318:326	other molecules	312:326	other molecules	312:326	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	3	42	theme	skeletal	374:381	arg1	myoblasts					390:398	murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	367:398	murine skeletal muscle myoblasts	367:398	We evaluated the cellular response of murine skeletal muscle myoblasts on aligned or unaligned fibers obtained by electrospinning poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and blends with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or decorin, a proteoglycan known to regulate myogenesis.
28426898	5	43	theme	thickness	1032:1040	arg1	terms					991:995	terms	991:995	terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness	991:1040	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	2	44	theme	Cell	193:196	arg1	response					198:205	Cell response	193:205	Cell response on polymer scaffolds	193:226	Cell response on polymer scaffolds is determined by factors such as polymer composition, topology, and the presence of other molecules.
28426898	5	45	theme	decorin	914:920	arg1	addition					902:909	the addition	898:909	the addition of decorin	898:920	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	1	46	used	used	104:107	arg2	scaffolds					90:98	Polymer scaffolds	82:98	Polymer scaffolds	82:98	Polymer scaffolds are used as an alternative to support tissue regeneration when it does not occur on its own.
28426898	1	46	used	used	104:107	arg2	alternative					115:125	an alternative	112:125	an alternative to support tissue regeneration	112:156	Polymer scaffolds are used as an alternative to support tissue regeneration when it does not occur on its own.
28426898	4	47	theme	coverage	857:864	arg1	coverage					857:864	coverage	857:864	coverage for myotubes	857:877	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	47	theme	coverage	857:864	arg1	coverage					796:803	coverage	796:803	coverage per field of view for myoblasts	796:835	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	47	theme	coverage	857:864	arg1	%					852:852	more than 7%	841:852	more than 7% of coverage for myotubes	841:877	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	47	theme	coverage	857:864	arg1	%					791:791	over 68%	784:791	over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts	784:835	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	48	theme	differentiation	715:729	arg1	quality					704:710	the quality	700:710	the quality of differentiation	700:729	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	4	49	theme	view	818:821	arg1	field					809:813	field	809:813	field of view for myoblasts	809:835	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	8	50	theme	Part	1331:1334	arg1	A					1336:1336	Part A	1331:1336	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2241-2251, 2017.	1312:1360	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2241-2251, 2017.
28426898	5	51	theme	same	887:890	arg1	time					892:895	the same time	883:895	the same time	883:895	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	1	52	theme	support	130:136	arg1	regeneration					145:156	support tissue regeneration	130:156	support tissue regeneration	130:156	Polymer scaffolds are used as an alternative to support tissue regeneration when it does not occur on its own.
28426898	6	53	theme	topological	1242:1252	arg1	effect					1254:1259	the topological effect	1238:1259	the topological effect of fiber alignment	1238:1278	Interestingly, our results suggest that at certain concentrations, the effect of decorin on myoblast differentiation exceeds the topological effect of fiber alignment.
28426898	4	54	theme	PLGA	736:739	arg1	scaffolds					741:749	PLGA scaffolds	736:749	PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes	736:877	The results showed that aligned PCL fibers with higher content of PLGA promote cell growth and improve the quality of differentiation with PLGA scaffolds having the highest confluence at over 68% of coverage per field of view for myoblasts and more than 7% of coverage for myotubes.
28426898	1	55	theme	tissue	138:143	arg1	regeneration					145:156	support tissue regeneration	130:156	support tissue regeneration	130:156	Polymer scaffolds are used as an alternative to support tissue regeneration when it does not occur on its own.
28426898	5	56	from	quantity	943:950	arg1	terms					991:995	terms	991:995	terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness	991:1040	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
28426898	5	57	theme	cell	1000:1003	arg1	fusion					1005:1010	cell fusion	1000:1010	cell fusion	1000:1010	At the same time, the addition of decorin greatly improves the quantity and quality of differentiated cells in terms of cell fusion, myotube length and thickness, being 71, 10, and 51% greater than without the protein, respectively.
24443290	8	0	theme	rabbits	944:950	arg1	None					926:929	None	926:929	None of the eight rabbits	926:950	None of the eight rabbits showed any sign of respiratory distress.
24443290	4	1	theme	fibrin/HA	538:546	arg1	hydrogel					548:555	fibrin/HA hydrogel	538:555	fibrin/HA hydrogel	538:555	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	9	2	theme	reconstructed	1050:1062	arg1	trachea					1064:1070	the reconstructed trachea	1046:1070	the reconstructed trachea	1046:1070	Bronchoscopic examination did not reveal stenosis of the reconstructed trachea and the defects were completely recovered with respiratory epithelium.
24443290	4	3	theme	mm-sized	584:591	arg1	scaffold					618:625	a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold	575:625	a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold	575:625	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	3	4	theme	porous	369:374	arg1	acid					402:405	L-lactic-co-glycolic acid	381:405	L-lactic-co-glycolic acid	381:405	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	3	4	theme	porous	369:374	arg1	PLGA					409:412	PLGA	409:412	PLGA	409:412	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	3	4	theme	porous	369:374	arg1	poly					376:379	porous poly	369:379	degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction	358:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	11	5	theme	granulation	1309:1319	arg1	tissue					1321:1326	minimal granulation tissue	1301:1326	minimal granulation tissue	1301:1326	Histologic data showed that the implanted chondrocytes successfully formed neocartilage with minimal granulation tissue.
24443290	9	6	theme	trachea	1064:1070	arg1	stenosis					1034:1041	stenosis	1034:1041	stenosis of the reconstructed trachea	1034:1070	Bronchoscopic examination did not reveal stenosis of the reconstructed trachea and the defects were completely recovered with respiratory epithelium.
24443290	4	7	theme	patch-shape	601:611	arg1	scaffold					618:625	a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold	575:625	a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold	575:625	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	3	8	theme	poly	376:379	arg1	scaffold					415:422	degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold	358:422	degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction	358:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	2	9	theme	Tissue	161:166	arg1	engineering					168:178	Tissue engineering	161:178	Tissue engineering	161:178	Tissue engineering is a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem.
24443290	2	9	theme	Tissue	161:166	arg1	concept					206:212	a recent and promising concept	183:212	a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem	183:236	Tissue engineering is a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem.
24443290	8	10	theme	respiratory	971:981	arg1	distress					983:990	respiratory distress	971:990	respiratory distress	971:990	None of the eight rabbits showed any sign of respiratory distress.
24443290	7	11	theme	beat	859:862	arg1	CBF					875:877	CBF	875:877	CBF	875:877	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	7	11	theme	beat	859:862	arg1	frequency					864:872	Ciliary beat frequency	851:872	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium	851:904	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	5	12	from	defect	701:706	arg1	rabbits					717:723	eight rabbits	711:723	eight rabbits	711:723	After 4 weeks in vitro culture, the scaffold was implanted on a tracheal defect in eight rabbits.
24443290	13	13	theme	tracheal	1409:1416	arg1	defect					1418:1423	Partial tracheal defect	1401:1423	Partial tracheal defect	1401:1423	Partial tracheal defect was successfully reconstructed anatomically and functionally using allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold.
24443290	4	14	theme	articular	486:494	arg1	cartilage					496:504	rabbit articular cartilage	479:504	rabbit articular cartilage	479:504	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	3	15	theme	tracheal	436:443	arg1	reconstruction					445:458	partial tracheal reconstruction	428:458	partial tracheal reconstruction	428:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	3	16	theme	degradable	358:367	arg1	scaffold					415:422	degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold	358:422	degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction	358:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	10	17	dep	tomography	1152:1161	arg1	scan					1163:1166	scan	1163:1166	scan	1163:1166	Computed tomography scan showed good luminal contour of trachea.
24443290	10	18	theme	trachea	1199:1205	arg1	contour					1188:1194	good luminal contour	1175:1194	good luminal contour of trachea	1175:1205	Computed tomography scan showed good luminal contour of trachea.
24443290	4	19	from	cartilage	496:504	arg1	Chondrocytes					461:472	Chondrocytes	461:472	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage	461:504	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	8	20	theme	distress	983:990	arg1	sign					963:966	any sign	959:966	any sign of respiratory distress	959:990	None of the eight rabbits showed any sign of respiratory distress.
24443290	7	21	theme	Ciliary	851:857	arg1	CBF					875:877	CBF	875:877	CBF	875:877	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	7	21	theme	Ciliary	851:857	arg1	frequency					864:872	Ciliary beat frequency	851:872	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium	851:904	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	0	22	theme	Tracheal	0:7	arg1	reconstruction					9:22	Tracheal reconstruction	0:22	Tracheal reconstruction using chondrocytes	0:41	Tracheal reconstruction using chondrocytes seeded on a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan.
24443290	5	23	theme	vitro	645:649	arg1	culture					651:657	vitro culture	645:657	vitro culture	645:657	After 4 weeks in vitro culture, the scaffold was implanted on a tracheal defect in eight rabbits.
24443290	6	24	theme	implanted	764:772	arg1	sites					774:778	the implanted sites	760:778	the implanted sites	760:778	Six and 10 weeks postoperatively, the implanted sites were evaluated by bronchoscope and radiologic and histologic analyses.
24443290	3	25	theme	partial	428:434	arg1	reconstruction					445:458	partial tracheal reconstruction	428:458	partial tracheal reconstruction	428:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	10	26	theme	Computed	1143:1150	arg1	tomography					1152:1161	Computed tomography	1143:1161	Computed tomography scan	1143:1166	Computed tomography scan showed good luminal contour of trachea.
24443290	3	27	theme	allogeneic	279:288	arg1	chondrocytes					290:301	allogeneic chondrocytes	279:301	allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction	279:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	11	28	theme	Histologic	1208:1217	arg1	data					1219:1222	Histologic data	1208:1222	Histologic data	1208:1222	Histologic data showed that the implanted chondrocytes successfully formed neocartilage with minimal granulation tissue.
24443290	12	29	theme	epithelium	1348:1357	arg1	CBF					1329:1331	CBF	1329:1331	CBF of regenerated epithelium	1329:1357	CBF of regenerated epithelium was similar to that of normal epithelium.
24443290	3	30	theme	L-lactic-co-glycolic	381:400	arg1	acid					402:405	L-lactic-co-glycolic acid	381:405	L-lactic-co-glycolic acid	381:405	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	3	30	theme	L-lactic-co-glycolic	381:400	arg1	poly					376:379	porous poly	369:379	degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction	358:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	3	31	theme	chondrocytes	290:301	arg1	feasibility					264:274	the feasibility	260:274	the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction	260:458	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	2	32	theme	recent	185:190	arg1	engineering					168:178	Tissue engineering	161:178	Tissue engineering	161:178	Tissue engineering is a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem.
24443290	2	32	theme	recent	185:190	arg1	concept					206:212	a recent and promising concept	183:212	a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem	183:236	Tissue engineering is a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem.
24443290	5	33	from	weeks	636:640	arg1	culture					651:657	vitro culture	645:657	vitro culture	645:657	After 4 weeks in vitro culture, the scaffold was implanted on a tracheal defect in eight rabbits.
24443290	11	34	theme	minimal	1301:1307	arg1	tissue					1321:1326	minimal granulation tissue	1301:1326	minimal granulation tissue	1301:1326	Histologic data showed that the implanted chondrocytes successfully formed neocartilage with minimal granulation tissue.
24443290	9	35	theme	respiratory	1119:1129	arg1	epithelium					1131:1140	respiratory epithelium	1119:1140	respiratory epithelium	1119:1140	Bronchoscopic examination did not reveal stenosis of the reconstructed trachea and the defects were completely recovered with respiratory epithelium.
24443290	12	36	theme	regenerated	1336:1346	arg1	epithelium					1348:1357	regenerated epithelium	1336:1357	regenerated epithelium	1336:1357	CBF of regenerated epithelium was similar to that of normal epithelium.
24443290	10	37	theme	luminal	1180:1186	arg1	contour					1188:1194	good luminal contour	1175:1194	good luminal contour of trachea	1175:1205	Computed tomography scan showed good luminal contour of trachea.
24443290	11	38	theme	implanted	1240:1248	arg1	chondrocytes					1250:1261	the implanted chondrocytes	1236:1261	the implanted chondrocytes successfully formed	1236:1281	Histologic data showed that the implanted chondrocytes successfully formed neocartilage with minimal granulation tissue.
24443290	4	39	theme	rabbit	479:484	arg1	cartilage					496:504	rabbit articular cartilage	479:504	rabbit articular cartilage	479:504	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	12	40	theme	normal	1382:1387	arg1	epithelium					1389:1398	normal epithelium	1382:1398	normal epithelium	1382:1398	CBF of regenerated epithelium was similar to that of normal epithelium.
24443290	0	41	theme	poly	55:58	arg1	-fibrin/hyaluronan					86:103	a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan	53:103	a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan	53:103	Tracheal reconstruction using chondrocytes seeded on a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan.
24443290	10	42	theme	good	1175:1178	arg1	contour					1188:1194	good luminal contour	1175:1194	good luminal contour of trachea	1175:1205	Computed tomography scan showed good luminal contour of trachea.
24443290	3	43	theme	fibrin/hyaluronic	317:333	arg1	HA					341:342	HA	341:342	HA	341:342	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	3	43	theme	fibrin/hyaluronic	317:333	arg1	acid					335:338	fibrin/hyaluronic acid	317:338	fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel	317:352	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	4	44	dep	mm-sized	584:591	arg1	curved					594:599	curved	594:599	curved	594:599	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	1	45	theme	trachea	124:130	arg1	dilemma					152:158	a clinical dilemma	141:158	a clinical dilemma	141:158	Reconstruction of trachea is still a clinical dilemma.
24443290	1	45	theme	trachea	124:130	arg1	Reconstruction					106:119	Reconstruction	106:119	Reconstruction of trachea	106:130	Reconstruction of trachea is still a clinical dilemma.
24443290	3	46	theme	acid	335:338	arg1	hydrogel					345:352	fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel	317:352	fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel	317:352	This study evaluated the feasibility of allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with fibrin/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and degradable porous poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for partial tracheal reconstruction.
24443290	13	47	theme	PLGA-fibrin/HA	1530:1543	arg1	scaffold					1555:1562	PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold	1530:1562	PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold	1530:1562	Partial tracheal defect was successfully reconstructed anatomically and functionally using allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold.
24443290	6	48	theme	histologic	830:839	arg1	analyses					841:848	radiologic and histologic analyses	815:848	radiologic and histologic analyses	815:848	Six and 10 weeks postoperatively, the implanted sites were evaluated by bronchoscope and radiologic and histologic analyses.
24443290	13	49	theme	composite	1545:1553	arg1	scaffold					1555:1562	PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold	1530:1562	PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold	1530:1562	Partial tracheal defect was successfully reconstructed anatomically and functionally using allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold.
24443290	2	50	theme	promising	196:204	arg1	engineering					168:178	Tissue engineering	161:178	Tissue engineering	161:178	Tissue engineering is a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem.
24443290	2	50	theme	promising	196:204	arg1	concept					206:212	a recent and promising concept	183:212	a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem	183:236	Tissue engineering is a recent and promising concept to resolve this problem.
24443290	7	51	theme	regenerated	883:893	arg1	epithelium					895:904	regenerated epithelium	883:904	regenerated epithelium	883:904	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	4	52	theme	PLGA	613:616	arg1	scaffold					618:625	a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold	575:625	a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold	575:625	Chondrocytes from rabbit articular cartilage were expanded and cultured with fibrin/HA hydrogel and injected into a 5 × 10 mm-sized, curved patch-shape PLGA scaffold.
24443290	0	53	theme	L-lactic-co-glycolic	60:79	arg1	acid					81:84	L-lactic-co-glycolic acid	60:84	L-lactic-co-glycolic acid	60:84	Tracheal reconstruction using chondrocytes seeded on a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan.
24443290	0	53	theme	L-lactic-co-glycolic	60:79	arg1	poly					55:58	a poly	53:58	a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan	53:103	Tracheal reconstruction using chondrocytes seeded on a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-fibrin/hyaluronan.
24443290	6	54	theme	radiologic	815:824	arg1	analyses					841:848	radiologic and histologic analyses	815:848	radiologic and histologic analyses	815:848	Six and 10 weeks postoperatively, the implanted sites were evaluated by bronchoscope and radiologic and histologic analyses.
24443290	1	55	theme	clinical	143:150	arg1	dilemma					152:158	a clinical dilemma	141:158	a clinical dilemma	141:158	Reconstruction of trachea is still a clinical dilemma.
24443290	1	55	theme	clinical	143:150	arg1	Reconstruction					106:119	Reconstruction	106:119	Reconstruction of trachea	106:130	Reconstruction of trachea is still a clinical dilemma.
24443290	7	56	theme	epithelium	895:904	arg1	CBF					875:877	CBF	875:877	CBF	875:877	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	7	56	theme	epithelium	895:904	arg1	frequency					864:872	Ciliary beat frequency	851:872	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium	851:904	Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of regenerated epithelium was also evaluated.
24443290	9	57	theme	Bronchoscopic	993:1005	arg1	examination					1007:1017	Bronchoscopic examination	993:1017	Bronchoscopic examination	993:1017	Bronchoscopic examination did not reveal stenosis of the reconstructed trachea and the defects were completely recovered with respiratory epithelium.
24443290	5	58	theme	tracheal	692:699	arg1	defect					701:706	a tracheal defect	690:706	a tracheal defect in eight rabbits	690:723	After 4 weeks in vitro culture, the scaffold was implanted on a tracheal defect in eight rabbits.
24443290	13	59	theme	allogeneic	1492:1501	arg1	chondrocytes					1503:1514	allogeneic chondrocytes	1492:1514	allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold	1492:1562	Partial tracheal defect was successfully reconstructed anatomically and functionally using allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold.
24443290	13	60	theme	Partial	1401:1407	arg1	defect					1418:1423	Partial tracheal defect	1401:1423	Partial tracheal defect	1401:1423	Partial tracheal defect was successfully reconstructed anatomically and functionally using allogeneic chondrocytes cultured with PLGA-fibrin/HA composite scaffold.
27436432	0	0	theme	electrochemical	82:96	arg1	recognition					98:108	electrochemical recognition	82:108	electrochemical recognition of tadalafil	82:121	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	5	1	theme	obtained	731:738	arg1	composites					740:749	The obtained composites	727:749	The obtained composites	727:749	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	4	2	theme	@	672:672	arg1	RGO					673:675	SCX6@RGO	668:675	SCX6@RGO	668:675	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	1	3	theme	reduced	244:250	arg1	RGO					268:270	RGO	268:270	RGO	268:270	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	3	theme	reduced	244:250	arg1	oxide					261:265	functionalized reduced graphene oxide	229:265	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	6	4	theme	@	895:895	arg1	RGO					896:898	The SCX6@RGO	887:898	The SCX6@RGO	887:898	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	1	5	theme	β-cyclodextrin	169:182	arg1	comparison					155:164	the comparison	151:164	the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	151:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	6	theme	graphene	252:259	arg1	RGO					268:270	RGO	268:270	RGO	268:270	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	6	theme	graphene	252:259	arg1	oxide					261:265	functionalized reduced graphene oxide	229:265	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	7	7	theme	SCX6	1146:1149	arg1	nanohybrids					1155:1165	the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids	1142:1165	the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids	1142:1165	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	3	8	theme	SCX6	617:620	arg1	capability					603:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability	565:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	565:630	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	5	9	dep	transform	781:789	arg1	infrared					791:798	infrared	791:798	transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential	781:884	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	7	10	theme	RGO	1151:1153	arg1	nanohybrids					1155:1165	the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids	1142:1165	the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids	1142:1165	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	4	11	theme	wet-chemical	707:718	arg1	route					720:724	a wet-chemical route	705:724	a wet-chemical route	705:724	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	9	12	theme	constructed	1320:1330	arg1	platform					1340:1347	The constructed sensing platform	1316:1347	The constructed sensing platform	1316:1347	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	7	13	theme	@	1150:1150	arg1	nanohybrids					1155:1165	the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids	1142:1165	the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids	1142:1165	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	8	14	theme	μM	1270:1271	arg1	limit					1255:1259	a low detection limit	1239:1259	a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1239:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	7	15	theme	electrochemical	1086:1100	arg1	platform					1110:1117	a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform	1074:1117	a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform	1074:1117	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	8	16	theme	μM	1217:1218	arg1	range					1186:1190	A linear response range	1168:1190	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1168:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	8	17	theme	μM	1202:1203	arg1	range					1186:1190	A linear response range	1168:1190	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1168:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	4	18	theme	SCX6	668:671	arg1	RGO					673:675	SCX6@RGO	668:675	SCX6@RGO	668:675	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	6	19	theme	SCX6	1013:1016	arg1	capability					999:1008	the higher recognition capability	976:1008	the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	976:1026	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	9	20	theme	sensing	1332:1338	arg1	platform					1340:1347	The constructed sensing platform	1316:1347	The constructed sensing platform	1316:1347	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	5	21	theme	force	849:853	arg1	microscopy					855:864	atomic force microscopy	842:864	atomic force microscopy	842:864	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	0	22	theme	tadalafil	113:121	arg1	recognition					98:108	electrochemical recognition	82:108	electrochemical recognition of tadalafil	82:121	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	8	23	theme	low	1241:1243	arg1	limit					1255:1259	a low detection limit	1239:1259	a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1239:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	5	24	dep	Fourier	773:779	arg1	transform					781:789	transform	781:789	transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential	781:884	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	9	25	theme	tadalafil	1545:1553	arg1	determination					1528:1540	the trace level determination	1512:1540	the trace level determination of tadalafil	1512:1553	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	2	26	dep	macrocycles	336:346	arg1	SCX6					358:361	SCX6	358:361	SCX6	358:361	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	2	26	dep	macrocycles	336:346	arg1	β-CD					349:352	β-CD	349:352	β-CD	349:352	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	2	26	dep	macrocycles	336:346	arg1	macrocycles					336:346	two macrocycles	332:346	two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6)	332:362	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	8	27	theme	linear	1170:1175	arg1	range					1186:1190	A linear response range	1168:1190	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1168:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	0	28	theme	comparison	2:11	arg1	study					13:17	A comparison study	0:17	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts	0:38	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	9	29	theme	promising	1474:1482	arg1	applications					1495:1506	its promising analytical applications	1470:1506	its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil	1470:1553	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	4	30	theme	@	659:659	arg1	RGO					660:662	β-CD@RGO	655:662	β-CD@RGO	655:662	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	2	31	theme	host	395:398	arg1	macrocycles					336:346	two macrocycles	332:346	two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6)	332:362	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	2	31	theme	host	395:398	arg1	molecules					400:408	the guest and host molecules	381:408	molecules	400:408	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	2	31	theme	host	395:398	arg1	tadalafil					318:326	tadalafil	318:326	tadalafil	318:326	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	8	32	theme	response	1177:1184	arg1	range					1186:1190	A linear response range	1168:1190	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1168:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	9	33	theme	analytical	1484:1493	arg1	applications					1495:1506	its promising analytical applications	1470:1506	its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil	1470:1553	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	9	34	used	used	1366:1369	arg2	platform					1340:1347	The constructed sensing platform	1316:1347	The constructed sensing platform	1316:1347	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	4	35	theme	β-CD	655:658	arg1	RGO					660:662	β-CD@RGO	655:662	β-CD@RGO	655:662	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	6	36	theme	@	950:950	arg1	RGO					951:953	β-CD@RGO	946:953	β-CD@RGO	946:953	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	3	37	theme	molecular	522:530	arg1	calculations					543:554	molecular simulation calculations	522:554	molecular simulation calculations	522:554	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	1	38	theme	p-sulfonated	195:206	arg1	arene					216:220	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	2	39	theme	guest	385:389	arg1	macrocycles					336:346	two macrocycles	332:346	two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6)	332:362	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	2	39	theme	guest	385:389	arg1	molecules					400:408	the guest and host molecules	381:408	molecules	400:408	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	2	39	theme	guest	385:389	arg1	tadalafil					318:326	tadalafil	318:326	tadalafil	318:326	In this study, tadalafil and two macrocycles (β-CD and SCX6) were selected as the guest and host molecules, respectively.
27436432	6	40	theme	β-CD	946:949	arg1	RGO					951:953	β-CD@RGO	946:953	β-CD@RGO	946:953	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	9	41	theme	health	1411:1416	arg1	products					1418:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	3	42	theme	simulation	532:541	arg1	calculations					543:554	molecular simulation calculations	522:554	molecular simulation calculations	522:554	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	9	43	theme	serum	1444:1448	arg1	samples					1450:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	1	44	theme	calix[6	208:214	arg1	arene					216:220	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	0	45	theme	hosts	34:38	arg1	study					13:17	A comparison study	0:17	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts	0:38	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	3	46	theme	β-CD/tadalafil	452:465	arg1	complexes					439:447	The inclusion complexes	425:447	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil	425:484	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	9	47	theme	sexual	1404:1409	arg1	products					1418:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	8	48	with	tadalafil	1224:1232	arg1	limit					1255:1259	a low detection limit	1239:1259	a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1239:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	3	49	theme	higher	569:574	arg1	capability					603:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability	565:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	565:630	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	9	50	theme	human	1438:1442	arg1	samples					1450:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	0	51	theme	macrocyclic	22:32	arg1	hosts					34:38	macrocyclic hosts	22:38	macrocyclic hosts	22:38	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	7	52	theme	sensing	1102:1108	arg1	platform					1110:1117	a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform	1074:1117	a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform	1074:1117	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	4	53	theme	RGO	673:675	arg1	composites					677:686	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites	651:686	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites	651:686	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	3	54	theme	supermolecular	576:589	arg1	capability					603:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability	565:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	565:630	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	9	55	from	tadalafil	1384:1392	arg1	samples					1450:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	9	55	from	tadalafil	1384:1392	arg1	products					1418:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	1	56	theme	arene	216:220	arg1	comparison					155:164	the comparison	151:164	the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	151:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	0	57	theme	reduced	55:61	arg1	oxide					72:76	reduced graphene oxide	55:76	reduced graphene oxide	55:76	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	58	theme	tadalafil	292:300	arg1	recognition					277:287	recognition	277:287	recognition of tadalafil	277:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	9	59	theme	level	1522:1526	arg1	determination					1528:1540	the trace level determination	1512:1540	the trace level determination of tadalafil	1512:1553	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	9	60	theme	herbal	1397:1402	arg1	products					1418:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	herbal sexual health products	1397:1425	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	6	61	theme	SCX6	891:894	arg1	RGO					896:898	The SCX6@RGO	887:898	The SCX6@RGO	887:898	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	6	62	theme	higher	909:914	arg1	response					932:939	a higher electrochemical response	907:939	a higher electrochemical response	907:939	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	8	63	theme	detection	1245:1253	arg1	limit					1255:1259	a low detection limit	1239:1259	a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3)	1239:1279	A linear response range of 0.1-50 μM and 50-1000 μM for tadalafil with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM (S/N=3) was obtained by using this method.
27436432	7	64	theme	SCX6	1056:1059	arg1	RGO					1069:1071	the RGO	1065:1071	the RGO	1065:1071	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	7	64	theme	SCX6	1056:1059	arg1	merits					1046:1051	the merits	1042:1051	the merits of SCX6	1042:1059	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	3	65	theme	SCX6/tadalafil	471:484	arg1	complexes					439:447	The inclusion complexes	425:447	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil	425:484	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	1	66	theme	present	128:134	arg1	work					136:139	The present work	124:139	The present work	124:139	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	7	67	theme	sensitive	1076:1084	arg1	platform					1110:1117	a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform	1074:1117	a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform	1074:1117	By combining the merits of SCX6 and the RGO, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform was developed based on the SCX6@RGO nanohybrids.
27436432	9	68	theme	trace	1516:1520	arg1	determination					1528:1540	the trace level determination	1512:1540	the trace level determination of tadalafil	1512:1553	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	3	69	theme	inclusion	429:437	arg1	complexes					439:447	The inclusion complexes	425:447	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil	425:484	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	6	70	theme	recognition	987:997	arg1	capability					999:1008	the higher recognition capability	976:1008	the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	976:1026	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	3	71	theme	UV	502:503	arg1	spectroscopy					505:516	UV spectroscopy	502:516	UV spectroscopy	502:516	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	1	72	dep	arene	216:220	arg1	RGO					268:270	RGO	268:270	RGO	268:270	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	72	dep	arene	216:220	arg1	oxide					261:265	functionalized reduced graphene oxide	229:265	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	72	dep	arene	216:220	arg1	SCX6					223:226	SCX6	223:226	SCX6	223:226	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	9	73	theme	spiked	1431:1436	arg1	samples					1450:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	spiked human serum samples	1431:1456	The constructed sensing platform was successfully used to determine tadalafil in herbal sexual health products and spiked human serum samples, suggesting its promising analytical applications for the trace level determination of tadalafil.
27436432	6	74	theme	higher	980:985	arg1	capability					999:1008	the higher recognition capability	976:1008	the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	976:1026	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	5	75	theme	atomic	842:847	arg1	microscopy					855:864	atomic force microscopy	842:864	atomic force microscopy	842:864	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	3	76	theme	recognition	591:601	arg1	capability					603:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability	565:612	the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD	565:630	The inclusion complexes of β-CD/tadalafil and SCX6/tadalafil were studied by UV spectroscopy and molecular simulation calculations, proving the higher supermolecular recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD towards tadalafil.
27436432	5	77	theme	thermogravimetric	814:830	arg1	analysis					832:839	thermogravimetric analysis	814:839	thermogravimetric analysis	814:839	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	5	78	theme	zeta	871:874	arg1	potential					876:884	zeta potential	871:884	zeta potential	871:884	The obtained composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and zeta potential.
27436432	0	79	theme	graphene	63:70	arg1	oxide					72:76	reduced graphene oxide	55:76	reduced graphene oxide	55:76	A comparison study of macrocyclic hosts functionalized reduced graphene oxide for electrochemical recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	4	80	theme	RGO	660:662	arg1	composites					677:686	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites	651:686	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites	651:686	The β-CD@RGO and SCX6@RGO composites were prepared by a wet-chemical route.
27436432	6	81	theme	electrochemical	916:930	arg1	response					932:939	a higher electrochemical response	907:939	a higher electrochemical response	907:939	The SCX6@RGO showed a higher electrochemical response than β-CD@RGO, which was caused by the higher recognition capability of SCX6 than β-CD.
27436432	1	82	theme	functionalized	229:242	arg1	RGO					268:270	RGO	268:270	RGO	268:270	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
27436432	1	82	theme	functionalized	229:242	arg1	oxide					261:265	functionalized reduced graphene oxide	229:265	p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil	195:300	The present work described the comparison of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and p-sulfonated calix[6]arene (SCX6) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for recognition of tadalafil.
25196604	6	0	theme	different	1078:1086	arg1	levels					1088:1093	different levels	1078:1093	different levels of bacteriostatic performance	1078:1123	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	2	1	theme	distinguished	372:384	arg1	precursors					386:395	three distinguished precursors	366:395	three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	366:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	1	2	theme	bacteriostatic	160:173	arg1	performance					175:185	bacteriostatic performance	160:185	bacteriostatic performance	160:185	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	2	3	from	formation	336:344	arg1	state					355:359	vapor state	349:359	vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	349:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	3	from	formation	336:344	arg1	precursors					386:395	three distinguished precursors	366:395	three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	366:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	4	4	theme	inhibition	758:767	arg1	capable					730:736	capable	730:736	capable	730:736	Moreover, alginic acid was found to be capable of bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type.
25196604	6	5	theme	strains	1003:1009	arg1	composition					974:984	The cell wall composition	960:984	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties	960:1062	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	4	6	theme	growth	751:756	arg1	inhibition					758:767	bacterial growth inhibition	741:767	bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type	741:825	Moreover, alginic acid was found to be capable of bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type.
25196604	2	7	theme	plasma	301:306	arg1	treatment					308:316	Microwave plasma treatment	291:316	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	291:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	5	8	theme	antibacterial	936:948	arg1	activity					950:957	antibacterial activity	936:957	antibacterial activity	936:957	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer was assumed to play the pivotal role in antibacterial activity.
25196604	5	9	theme	pivotal	920:926	arg1	role					928:931	the pivotal role	916:931	the pivotal role	916:931	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer was assumed to play the pivotal role in antibacterial activity.
25196604	5	10	theme	alginic	857:863	arg1	acid					865:868	alginic acid	857:868	alginic acid	857:868	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer was assumed to play the pivotal role in antibacterial activity.
25196604	1	11	theme	Alginic	72:78	arg1	films					105:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	1	12	theme	performance	175:185	arg1	terms					128:132	terms	128:132	terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus	128:288	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	6	13	theme	bacterial	993:1001	arg1	strains					1003:1009	two bacterial strains	989:1009	two bacterial strains	989:1009	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	1	14	theme	acid	80:83	arg1	films					105:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	5	15	theme	carbohydrate	875:886	arg1	polymer					888:894	a carbohydrate polymer	873:894	a carbohydrate polymer	873:894	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer was assumed to play the pivotal role in antibacterial activity.
25196604	3	16	theme	alginic	566:572	arg1	acid					574:577	alginic acid	566:577	alginic acid	566:577	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	1	17	theme	coated	85:90	arg1	films					105:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	6	18	theme	bacteriostatic	1098:1111	arg1	performance					1113:1123	bacteriostatic performance	1098:1123	bacteriostatic performance	1098:1123	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	0	19	theme	Antibacterial	0:12	arg1	performance					14:24	Antibacterial performance	0:24	Antibacterial performance of alginic acid	0:40	Antibacterial performance of alginic acid coating on polyethylene film.
25196604	1	20	theme	polyethylene	92:103	arg1	films					105:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films	72:109	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	1	21	theme	most	199:202	arg1	strains					229:235	two most representative bacterial strains	195:235	two most representative bacterial strains	195:235	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	0	22	theme	alginic	29:35	arg1	acid					37:40	alginic acid	29:40	alginic acid	29:40	Antibacterial performance of alginic acid coating on polyethylene film.
25196604	4	23	theme	bacterial	741:749	arg1	inhibition					758:767	bacterial growth inhibition	741:767	bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type	741:825	Moreover, alginic acid was found to be capable of bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type.
25196604	2	24	from	precursors	386:395	arg1	state					355:359	vapor state	349:359	vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	349:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	24	from	precursors	386:395	arg1	formation					336:344	brush formation	330:344	brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	330:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	1	25	theme	representative	204:217	arg1	strains					229:235	two most representative bacterial strains	195:235	two most representative bacterial strains	195:235	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	2	26	theme	brush	330:334	arg1	formation					336:344	brush formation	330:344	brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	330:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	27	theme	Microwave	291:299	arg1	treatment					308:316	Microwave plasma treatment	291:316	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	291:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	3	28	theme	alginic	670:676	arg1	acid					678:681	alginic acid	670:681	alginic acid coated	670:688	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	3	29	theme	various	530:536	arg1	techniques					538:547	various techniques	530:547	various techniques	530:547	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	1	30	theme	bacterial	219:227	arg1	strains					229:235	two most representative bacterial strains	195:235	two most representative bacterial strains	195:235	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	6	31	theme	wall	969:972	arg1	composition					974:984	The cell wall composition	960:984	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties	960:1062	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	3	32	theme	acid	678:681	arg1	amount					660:665	the amount	656:665	the amount of alginic acid coated	656:688	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	3	32	theme	acid	678:681	arg1	acid					678:681	alginic acid	670:681	alginic acid coated	670:688	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	5	33	theme	acid	865:868	arg1	character					844:852	The polyanionic character	828:852	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer	828:894	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer was assumed to play the pivotal role in antibacterial activity.
25196604	0	34	theme	acid	37:40	arg1	performance					14:24	Antibacterial performance	0:24	Antibacterial performance of alginic acid	0:40	Antibacterial performance of alginic acid coating on polyethylene film.
25196604	6	35	theme	cell	964:967	arg1	composition					974:984	The cell wall composition	960:984	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties	960:1062	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	5	36	theme	polyanionic	832:842	arg1	character					844:852	The polyanionic character	828:852	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer	828:894	The polyanionic character of alginic acid as a carbohydrate polymer was assumed to play the pivotal role in antibacterial activity.
25196604	2	37	theme	hydroxyethyl	424:435	arg1	methacrylate					437:448	hydroxyethyl methacrylate	424:448	hydroxyethyl methacrylate	424:448	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	37	theme	hydroxyethyl	424:435	arg1	allylalcohol					398:409	allylalcohol	398:409	allylalcohol	398:409	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	0	38	theme	polyethylene	53:64	arg1	film					66:69	polyethylene film	53:69	polyethylene film	53:69	Antibacterial performance of alginic acid coating on polyethylene film.
25196604	3	39	theme	Surface	509:515	arg1	analyses					517:524	Surface analyses	509:524	Surface analyses via various techniques	509:547	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	2	40	theme	alginic	478:484	arg1	acid					486:489	alginic acid	478:489	alginic acid	478:489	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	3	41	theme	grafting	618:625	arg1	chemistry					635:643	grafting (brush) chemistry	618:643	grafting (brush) chemistry	618:643	Surface analyses via various techniques established that alginic acid was immobilized onto the surface where grafting (brush) chemistry influenced the amount of alginic acid coated.
25196604	2	42	theme	vapor	349:353	arg1	state					355:359	vapor state	349:359	vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate)	349:449	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	43	dep	precursors	386:395	arg1	allylamine					412:421	allylamine	412:421	allylamine	412:421	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	43	dep	precursors	386:395	arg1	methacrylate					437:448	hydroxyethyl methacrylate	424:448	hydroxyethyl methacrylate	424:448	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	2	43	dep	precursors	386:395	arg1	allylalcohol					398:409	allylalcohol	398:409	allylalcohol	398:409	Microwave plasma treatment followed by brush formation in vapor state from three distinguished precursors (allylalcohol, allylamine, hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was carried out to deposit alginic acid on the substrate.
25196604	4	44	theme	alginic	701:707	arg1	acid					709:712	alginic acid	701:712	alginic acid	701:712	Moreover, alginic acid was found to be capable of bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type.
25196604	6	45	theme	physicochemical	1037:1051	arg1	properties					1053:1062	the substrates physicochemical properties	1022:1062	the substrates physicochemical properties	1022:1062	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	1	46	theme	surface	137:143	arg1	properties					145:154	surface properties	137:154	surface properties	137:154	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
25196604	6	47	theme	performance	1113:1123	arg1	levels					1088:1093	different levels	1078:1093	different levels of bacteriostatic performance	1078:1123	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	6	48	theme	substrates	1026:1035	arg1	properties					1053:1062	the substrates physicochemical properties	1022:1062	the substrates physicochemical properties	1022:1062	The cell wall composition of two bacterial strains along with the substrates physicochemical properties accounted for different levels of bacteriostatic performance.
25196604	4	49	theme	brush	816:820	arg1	type					822:825	the brush type	812:825	the brush type	812:825	Moreover, alginic acid was found to be capable of bacterial growth inhibition which itself was significantly affected by the brush type.
25196604	1	50	theme	properties	145:154	arg1	terms					128:132	terms	128:132	terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus	128:288	Alginic acid coated polyethylene films were examined in terms of surface properties and bacteriostatic performance against two most representative bacterial strains, that is, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
24361558	0	0	theme	meat	68:71	arg1	products					73:80	comminuted meat products	57:80	comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality	57:141	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	1	1	theme	breakfast	329:337	arg1	sausage					339:345	breakfast sausage	329:345	breakfast sausage	329:345	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	1	1	theme	breakfast	329:337	arg1	product					320:326	a comminuted meat product	302:326	a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage)	302:346	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	6	2	theme	increasing	851:860	arg1	inclusions					869:878	increasing inulin inclusions	851:878	increasing inulin inclusions	851:878	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	0	3	theme	comminuted	57:66	arg1	products					73:80	comminuted meat products	57:80	comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality	57:141	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	7	4	dep	increased	1053:1061	arg1	p<0.0001					1064:1071	p<0.0001	1064:1071	p<0.0001	1064:1071	Hardness values increased (p<0.0001) with increasing inulin concentration, with panellists also scoring products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112).
24361558	2	5	with	level	510:514	arg1	inulin					529:534	inulin	529:534	inulin	529:534	17 treatments were assigned representing a different substitution level for fat with inulin.
24361558	6	6	theme	cook	890:893	arg1	loss					895:898	cook loss	890:898	cook loss (p<0.0017)	890:909	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	6	6	theme	cook	890:893	arg1	p<0.0017					901:908	p<0.0017	901:908	p<0.0017	901:908	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	1	7	theme	physico-chemical	252:267	arg1	properties					269:278	physico-chemical properties	252:278	physico-chemical properties	252:278	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	8	8	theme	prebiotic	1359:1367	arg1	effect					1376:1381	a prebiotic health effect	1357:1381	a prebiotic health effect	1357:1381	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	6	9	dep	textural	983:990	arg1	greater					975:981	greater	975:981	greater	975:981	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	7	10	theme	inulin	1090:1095	arg1	concentration					1097:1109	inulin concentration	1090:1109	inulin concentration	1090:1109	Hardness values increased (p<0.0001) with increasing inulin concentration, with panellists also scoring products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112).
24361558	4	11	theme	colour	714:719	arg1	characteristics					721:735	colour characteristics	714:735	colour characteristics	714:735	Composition, sensory, instrumental texture and colour characteristics were assessed.
24361558	0	12	theme	physico-chemical	91:106	arg1	characteristics					108:122	their physico-chemical characteristics	85:122	their physico-chemical characteristics	85:122	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	5	13	theme	Fructan	752:758	arg1	analysis					760:767	Fructan analysis	752:767	Fructan analysis	752:767	Fructan analysis showed that inulin was unaffected by heat or processing treatments.
24361558	6	14	theme	inulin	862:867	arg1	inclusions					869:878	increasing inulin inclusions	851:878	increasing inulin inclusions	851:878	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	7	15	contain	containing	1150:1159	arg2	inulin					1161:1166	inulin	1161:1166	inulin	1161:1166	Hardness values increased (p<0.0001) with increasing inulin concentration, with panellists also scoring products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112).
24361558	7	15	contain	containing	1150:1159	arg1	products					1141:1148	products	1141:1148	products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112)	1141:1192	Hardness values increased (p<0.0001) with increasing inulin concentration, with panellists also scoring products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112).
24361558	3	16	contain	contain	565:571	arg2	seasoning					621:629	seasoning	621:629	seasoning	621:629	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	16	contain	contain	565:571	arg1	Sausages					537:544	Sausages	537:544	Sausages	537:544	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	16	contain	contain	565:571	arg2	fat/inulin					593:602	fat/inulin	593:602	fat/inulin	593:602	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	16	contain	contain	565:571	arg2	shoulder					578:585	pork shoulder	573:585	pork shoulder	573:585	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	16	contain	contain	565:571	arg2	water					605:609	water	605:609	water	605:609	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	16	contain	contain	565:571	arg2	rusk					612:615	rusk	612:615	rusk	612:615	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	2	17	theme	substitution	497:508	arg1	level					510:514	a different substitution level	485:514	a different substitution level for fat with inulin	485:534	17 treatments were assigned representing a different substitution level for fat with inulin.
24361558	4	18	theme	instrumental	689:700	arg1	texture					702:708	instrumental texture	689:708	instrumental texture	689:708	Composition, sensory, instrumental texture and colour characteristics were assessed.
24361558	8	19	theme	acceptable	1222:1231	arg1	formulations					1241:1252	two acceptable sausage formulations	1218:1252	two acceptable sausage formulations	1218:1252	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	8	20	theme	sausage	1233:1239	arg1	formulations					1241:1252	two acceptable sausage formulations	1218:1252	two acceptable sausage formulations	1218:1252	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	1	21	theme	eating	284:289	arg1	quality					291:297	eating quality	284:297	eating quality	284:297	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	3	22	theme	pork	573:576	arg1	water					605:609	water	605:609	water	605:609	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	22	theme	pork	573:576	arg1	shoulder					578:585	pork shoulder	573:585	pork shoulder	573:585	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	22	theme	pork	573:576	arg1	fat/inulin					593:602	fat/inulin	593:602	fat/inulin	593:602	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	22	theme	pork	573:576	arg1	seasoning					621:629	seasoning	621:629	seasoning	621:629	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	22	theme	pork	573:576	arg1	rusk					612:615	rusk	612:615	rusk	612:615	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	6	23	theme	sausages	1027:1034	arg1	textural					983:990	textural	983:990	textural	983:990	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	8	24	contain	contain	1320:1326	arg1	control					1299:1305	the control	1295:1305	the control	1295:1305	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	8	24	contain	contain	1320:1326	arg2	inulin					1339:1344	sufficient inulin	1328:1344	sufficient inulin	1328:1344	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	1	25	theme	specialised	370:380	arg1	experiment					399:408	a specialised response surface experiment	368:408	a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures	368:441	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	8	26	theme	health	1369:1374	arg1	effect					1376:1381	a prebiotic health effect	1357:1381	a prebiotic health effect	1357:1381	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	1	27	theme	fat	191:193	arg1	substitution					195:206	fat substitution	191:206	fat substitution using two commercial inulin products	191:243	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	2	28	theme	different	487:495	arg1	level					510:514	a different substitution level	485:514	a different substitution level for fat with inulin	485:534	17 treatments were assigned representing a different substitution level for fat with inulin.
24361558	1	29	theme	response	382:389	arg1	experiment					399:408	a specialised response surface experiment	368:408	a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures	368:441	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	0	30	dep	fat	39:41	arg1	substitute					43:52	substitute	43:52	substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach	43:173	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	1	31	theme	substitution	195:206	arg1	effects					180:186	The effects	176:186	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage)	176:346	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	0	32	theme	inulin	27:32	arg1	influence					14:22	the influence	10:22	the influence of inulin	10:32	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	0	32	theme	inulin	27:32	arg1	fat					39:41	fat	39:41	fat	39:41	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	6	33	theme	emulsion	924:931	arg1	p<0.0001					944:951	p<0.0001	944:951	p<0.0001	944:951	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	6	33	theme	emulsion	924:931	arg1	stability					933:941	improved emulsion stability	915:941	improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001)	915:952	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	0	34	theme	eating	128:133	arg1	quality					135:141	eating quality	128:141	eating quality	128:141	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	1	35	theme	surface	391:397	arg1	experiment					399:408	a specialised response surface experiment	368:408	a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures	368:441	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	6	36	theme	quality	1003:1009	arg1	modification					1011:1022	greater textural and eating quality modification	975:1022	modification	1011:1022	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	1	37	theme	comminuted	304:313	arg1	sausage					339:345	breakfast sausage	329:345	breakfast sausage	329:345	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	1	37	theme	comminuted	304:313	arg1	product					320:326	a comminuted meat product	302:326	a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage)	302:346	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	7	38	theme	Hardness	1037:1044	arg1	values					1046:1051	Hardness values	1037:1051	Hardness values	1037:1051	Hardness values increased (p<0.0001) with increasing inulin concentration, with panellists also scoring products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112).
24361558	1	39	theme	meat	315:318	arg1	sausage					339:345	breakfast sausage	329:345	breakfast sausage	329:345	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	1	39	theme	meat	315:318	arg1	product					320:326	a comminuted meat product	302:326	a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage)	302:346	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	7	40	dep	tender	1176:1181	arg1	p<0.0112					1184:1191	p<0.0112	1184:1191	p<0.0112	1184:1191	Hardness values increased (p<0.0001) with increasing inulin concentration, with panellists also scoring products containing inulin as less tender (p<0.0112).
24361558	1	41	theme	product	320:326	arg1	quality					291:297	eating quality	284:297	eating quality	284:297	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	1	41	theme	product	320:326	arg1	properties					269:278	physico-chemical properties	252:278	physico-chemical properties	252:278	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	0	42	theme	design	159:164	arg1	approach					166:173	a mixture design approach	149:173	a mixture design approach	149:173	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	1	43	dep	properties	269:278	arg1	the					248:250	the	248:250	the	248:250	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	6	44	theme	eating	996:1001	arg1	modification					1011:1022	greater textural and eating quality modification	975:1022	modification	1011:1022	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	0	45	theme	mixture	151:157	arg1	approach					166:173	a mixture design approach	149:173	a mixture design approach	149:173	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	8	46	theme	fat	1279:1281	arg1	levels					1283:1288	significantly lower fat levels	1259:1288	significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect	1259:1381	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	8	47	theme	sufficient	1328:1337	arg1	inulin					1339:1344	sufficient inulin	1328:1344	sufficient inulin	1328:1344	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	1	48	theme	commercial	218:227	arg1	products					236:243	two commercial inulin products	214:243	two commercial inulin products	214:243	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	0	49	from	products	73:80	arg1	characteristics					108:122	their physico-chemical characteristics	85:122	their physico-chemical characteristics	85:122	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	0	49	from	products	73:80	arg1	quality					135:141	eating quality	128:141	eating quality	128:141	Modelling the influence of inulin as a fat substitute in comminuted meat products on their physico-chemical characteristics and eating quality using a mixture design approach.
24361558	8	50	theme	lower	1273:1277	arg1	levels					1283:1288	significantly lower fat levels	1259:1288	significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect	1259:1381	Optimisation predicted two acceptable sausage formulations with significantly lower fat levels than the control, which would contain sufficient inulin to deliver a prebiotic health effect.
24361558	1	51	from	effects	180:186	arg1	quality					291:297	eating quality	284:297	eating quality	284:297	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	1	51	from	effects	180:186	arg1	properties					269:278	physico-chemical properties	252:278	physico-chemical properties	252:278	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	1	52	theme	inulin	229:234	arg1	products					236:243	two commercial inulin products	214:243	two commercial inulin products	214:243	The effects of fat substitution using two commercial inulin products on the physico-chemical properties and eating quality of a comminuted meat product (breakfast sausage) were modelled using a specialised response surface experiment specially developed for mixtures.
24361558	3	53	theme	w/w	661:663	arg1	fat/inulin					593:602	fat/inulin	593:602	fat/inulin	593:602	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	3	53	theme	w/w	661:663	arg1	%					659:659	44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w	632:663	44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w	632:663	Sausages were formulated to contain pork shoulder, back fat/inulin, water, rusk and seasoning (44.3, 18.7, 27.5, 7 and 2.5% w/w).
24361558	5	54	dep	heat	806:809	arg1	treatments					825:834	treatments	825:834	treatments	825:834	Fructan analysis showed that inulin was unaffected by heat or processing treatments.
24361558	6	55	dep	showed	844:849	arg1	resulted					963:970	resulted	963:970	showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages	844:1034	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	6	55	dep	showed	844:849	arg1	decreased					880:888	decreased	880:888	showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages	844:1034	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	6	56	theme	improved	915:922	arg1	p<0.0001					944:951	p<0.0001	944:951	p<0.0001	944:951	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
24361558	6	56	theme	improved	915:922	arg1	stability					933:941	improved emulsion stability	915:941	improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001)	915:952	Models showed increasing inulin inclusions decreased cook loss (p<0.0017) and improved emulsion stability (p<0.0001) but also resulted in greater textural and eating quality modification of sausages.
27725175	4	0	theme	EDAX	530:533	arg1	techniques					543:552	SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques	525:552	SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques	525:552	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	0	1	theme	hepatoma	83:90	arg1	cells					92:96	human hepatoma cells	77:96	human hepatoma cells	77:96	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles and its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells.
27725175	7	2	theme	inhibitory	720:729	arg1	30μg/ml					758:764	30μg/ml	758:764	30μg/ml	758:764	The inhibitory concentration of β-CNP was 30μg/ml.
27725175	7	2	theme	inhibitory	720:729	arg1	concentration					731:743	The inhibitory concentration	716:743	The inhibitory concentration of β-CNP	716:752	The inhibitory concentration of β-CNP was 30μg/ml.
27725175	6	3	theme	cells	650:654	arg1	viability					631:639	The cell viability	622:639	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP	622:673	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP was detected in a dose-dependent manner.
27725175	4	4	theme	AFM	539:541	arg1	techniques					543:552	SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques	525:552	SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques	525:552	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	6	5	theme	HepG2	644:648	arg1	cells					650:654	HepG2 cells	644:654	HepG2 cells	644:654	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP was detected in a dose-dependent manner.
27725175	7	6	theme	β-CNP	748:752	arg1	30μg/ml					758:764	30μg/ml	758:764	30μg/ml	758:764	The inhibitory concentration of β-CNP was 30μg/ml.
27725175	7	6	theme	β-CNP	748:752	arg1	concentration					731:743	The inhibitory concentration	716:743	The inhibitory concentration of β-CNP	716:752	The inhibitory concentration of β-CNP was 30μg/ml.
27725175	2	7	theme	nanoparticles	314:326	arg1	size					276:279	size	276:279	size	276:279	The size and zeta potential of β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP) were determined.
27725175	2	7	theme	nanoparticles	314:326	arg1	potential					290:298	zeta potential	285:298	zeta potential	285:298	The size and zeta potential of β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP) were determined.
27725175	4	8	theme	morphological	432:444	arg1	characterization					446:461	The morphological characterization	428:461	The morphological characterization	428:461	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	1	9	used	utilized	163:170	arg2	β-Chitosan					99:108	β-Chitosan	99:108	β-Chitosan from the gladius	99:125	β-Chitosan from the gladius was enzymatically depolymerized and utilized for the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate by ionotropic gelation.
27725175	8	10	from	β-CNP	944:948	arg1	cells					959:963	HepG2 cells	953:963	HepG2 cells	953:963	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	2	11	dep	size	276:279	arg1	The					272:274	The	272:274	The	272:274	The size and zeta potential of β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP) were determined.
27725175	3	12	theme	spectral	409:416	arg1	analysis					418:425	NMR spectral analysis	405:425	NMR spectral analysis	405:425	The structural features were evaluated by FT-IR and NMR spectral analysis.
27725175	4	13	theme	SEM	525:527	arg1	techniques					543:552	SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques	525:552	SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques	525:552	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	0	14	theme	human	77:81	arg1	cells					92:96	human hepatoma cells	77:96	human hepatoma cells	77:96	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles and its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells.
27725175	1	15	theme	β-chitosan	193:202	arg1	nanoparticles					204:216	β-chitosan nanoparticles	193:216	β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate	193:246	β-Chitosan from the gladius was enzymatically depolymerized and utilized for the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate by ionotropic gelation.
27725175	1	16	from	gladius	119:125	arg1	β-Chitosan					99:108	β-Chitosan	99:108	β-Chitosan from the gladius	99:125	β-Chitosan from the gladius was enzymatically depolymerized and utilized for the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate by ionotropic gelation.
27725175	1	17	theme	nanoparticles	204:216	arg1	synthesis					180:188	the synthesis	176:188	the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate	176:246	β-Chitosan from the gladius was enzymatically depolymerized and utilized for the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate by ionotropic gelation.
27725175	0	18	theme	nanoparticles	26:38	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles	0:38	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles and its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells.
27725175	0	18	theme	nanoparticles	26:38	arg1	potential					59:67	its anticancer potential	44:67	its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells	44:96	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles and its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells.
27725175	3	19	theme	NMR	405:407	arg1	analysis					418:425	NMR spectral analysis	405:425	NMR spectral analysis	405:425	The structural features were evaluated by FT-IR and NMR spectral analysis.
27725175	2	20	theme	β-Chitosan	303:312	arg1	nanoparticles					314:326	β-Chitosan nanoparticles	303:326	β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP)	303:334	The size and zeta potential of β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP) were determined.
27725175	2	20	theme	β-Chitosan	303:312	arg1	β-CNP					329:333	β-CNP	329:333	β-CNP	329:333	The size and zeta potential of β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP) were determined.
27725175	6	21	theme	dose-dependent	693:706	arg1	manner					708:713	a dose-dependent manner	691:713	a dose-dependent manner	691:713	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP was detected in a dose-dependent manner.
27725175	1	22	theme	sodium	224:229	arg1	tripolyphosphate					231:246	sodium tripolyphosphate	224:246	sodium tripolyphosphate	224:246	β-Chitosan from the gladius was enzymatically depolymerized and utilized for the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate by ionotropic gelation.
27725175	8	23	theme	β-CNP	944:948	arg1	property					932:939	the anticancer property	917:939	the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells	917:963	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	24	theme	anticancer	921:930	arg1	property					932:939	the anticancer property	917:939	the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells	917:963	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	25	theme	biochemical	775:785	arg1	parameters					787:796	Various biochemical parameters	767:796	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies	767:908	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	25	theme	biochemical	775:785	arg1	TBARS					806:810	TBARS	806:810	TBARS	806:810	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	25	theme	biochemical	775:785	arg1	hydroperoxides					822:835	lipid hydroperoxides	816:835	lipid hydroperoxides	816:835	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	6	26	theme	cell	626:629	arg1	viability					631:639	The cell viability	622:639	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP	622:673	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP was detected in a dose-dependent manner.
27725175	5	27	theme	crystallographic	571:586	arg1	nature					588:593	The thermal and crystallographic nature	555:593	The thermal and crystallographic nature of β-CNP	555:602	The thermal and crystallographic nature of β-CNP was also studied.
27725175	8	28	from	cells	959:963	arg1	property					932:939	the anticancer property	917:939	the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells	917:963	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	29	dep	enzymatic	838:846	arg1	studies					902:908	studies	902:908	studies	902:908	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	30	theme	Various	767:773	arg1	parameters					787:796	Various biochemical parameters	767:796	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies	767:908	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	30	theme	Various	767:773	arg1	TBARS					806:810	TBARS	806:810	TBARS	806:810	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	30	theme	Various	767:773	arg1	hydroperoxides					822:835	lipid hydroperoxides	816:835	lipid hydroperoxides	816:835	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	6	31	located	detected	679:686	arg1	manner					708:713	a dose-dependent manner	691:713	a dose-dependent manner	691:713	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP was detected in a dose-dependent manner.
27725175	6	31	located	detected	679:686	arg2	viability					631:639	The cell viability	622:639	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP	622:673	The cell viability of HepG2 cells inhibited by β-CNP was detected in a dose-dependent manner.
27725175	4	32	theme	β-CNP	502:506	arg1	composition					464:474	composition	464:474	composition	464:474	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	4	32	theme	β-CNP	502:506	arg1	topography					488:497	surface topography	480:497	surface topography	480:497	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	4	32	theme	β-CNP	502:506	arg1	characterization					446:461	The morphological characterization	428:461	The morphological characterization	428:461	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	0	33	theme	anticancer	48:57	arg1	potential					59:67	its anticancer potential	44:67	its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells	44:96	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles and its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells.
27725175	8	34	theme	HepG2	953:957	arg1	cells					959:963	HepG2 cells	953:963	HepG2 cells	953:963	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	35	from	property	932:939	arg1	cells					959:963	HepG2 cells	953:963	HepG2 cells	953:963	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	5	36	theme	β-CNP	598:602	arg1	nature					588:593	The thermal and crystallographic nature	555:593	The thermal and crystallographic nature of β-CNP	555:602	The thermal and crystallographic nature of β-CNP was also studied.
27725175	8	37	dep	antioxidant	866:876	arg1	CAT					884:886	CAT	884:886	CAT	884:886	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	37	dep	antioxidant	866:876	arg1	SOD					879:881	SOD	879:881	SOD	879:881	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	37	dep	antioxidant	866:876	arg1	GSH					897:899	GSH	897:899	GSH	897:899	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	8	37	dep	antioxidant	866:876	arg1	GPx					889:891	GPx	889:891	GPx	889:891	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	1	38	theme	ionotropic	251:260	arg1	gelation					262:269	ionotropic gelation	251:269	ionotropic gelation	251:269	β-Chitosan from the gladius was enzymatically depolymerized and utilized for the synthesis of β-chitosan nanoparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate by ionotropic gelation.
27725175	4	39	theme	surface	480:486	arg1	topography					488:497	surface topography	480:497	surface topography	480:497	The morphological characterization, composition and surface topography of β-CNP were explored by SEM, EDAX and AFM techniques.
27725175	2	40	theme	zeta	285:288	arg1	potential					290:298	zeta potential	285:298	zeta potential	285:298	The size and zeta potential of β-Chitosan nanoparticles (β-CNP) were determined.
27725175	9	41	theme	hepatocellular	1037:1050	arg1	carcinoma					1052:1060	hepatocellular carcinoma	1037:1060	hepatocellular carcinoma	1037:1060	This study suggests that β-CNP should be a promising drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in future.
27725175	3	42	theme	structural	357:366	arg1	features					368:375	The structural features	353:375	The structural features	353:375	The structural features were evaluated by FT-IR and NMR spectral analysis.
27725175	8	43	theme	lipid	816:820	arg1	hydroperoxides					822:835	lipid hydroperoxides	816:835	lipid hydroperoxides	816:835	Various biochemical parameters such as TBARS and lipid hydroperoxides, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) studies proved the anticancer property of β-CNP in HepG2 cells.
27725175	9	44	theme	promising	1009:1017	arg1	β-CNP					991:995	β-CNP	991:995	β-CNP	991:995	This study suggests that β-CNP should be a promising drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in future.
27725175	9	44	theme	promising	1009:1017	arg1	drug					1019:1022	a promising drug	1007:1022	a promising drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in future	1007:1070	This study suggests that β-CNP should be a promising drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in future.
27725175	0	45	theme	β-chitosan	15:24	arg1	nanoparticles					26:38	β-chitosan nanoparticles	15:38	β-chitosan nanoparticles	15:38	Fabrication of β-chitosan nanoparticles and its anticancer potential against human hepatoma cells.
27725175	5	46	theme	thermal	559:565	arg1	nature					588:593	The thermal and crystallographic nature	555:593	The thermal and crystallographic nature of β-CNP	555:602	The thermal and crystallographic nature of β-CNP was also studied.
25406238	0	0	theme	Actinobaculum	24:36	arg1	Dissection					0:9	Dissection	0:9	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.	0:184	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	6	1	theme	gen.	1098:1101	arg1	nov.					1103:1106	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	1076:1106	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	1076:1106	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	6	1	theme	gen.	1098:1101	arg1	comb					1109:1112	comb	1109:1112	comb	1109:1112	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	0	2	theme	gen.	169:172	arg1	comb					180:183	comb	180:183	comb	180:183	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	0	2	theme	gen.	169:172	arg1	nov.					174:177	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	147:177	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	147:177	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	9	3	theme	Actinobaculum	1291:1303	arg1	descriptions					1265:1276	Emended descriptions	1257:1276	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis	1257:1324	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis are also provided.
25406238	10	4	theme	Actinobaculum	1581:1593	arg1	species					1573:1579	the species	1569:1579	the species Actinobaculum schaalii	1569:1602	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	9	5	theme	Actinomyces	1309:1319	arg1	descriptions					1265:1276	Emended descriptions	1257:1276	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis	1257:1324	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis are also provided.
25406238	10	6	theme	 =	1511:1512	arg1	T					1524:1524	T	1524:1524	T	1524:1524	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	6	theme	 =	1511:1512	arg1	19118					1518:1522	 = DSM 19118	1511:1522	 = DSM 19118(T)	1511:1525	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	6	theme	 =	1511:1512	arg1	47753					1501:1505	CCUG 47753	1496:1505	CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T))	1496:1526	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	2	7	dep	description	228:238	arg1	nov.					222:225	nov.	222:225	nov.	222:225	nov., description of Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	10	8	theme	type	1442:1445	arg1	strain					1447:1452	the type strain	1438:1452	the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T))	1438:1526	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	2	9	theme	sanguinis	256:264	arg1	sp					266:267	Actinotignum sanguinis sp	243:267	Actinotignum sanguinis sp	243:267	nov., description of Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	4	10	theme	polyphasic	634:643	arg1	approach					645:652	a polyphasic approach	632:652	a polyphasic approach	632:652	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum led us to recharacterize these species by a polyphasic approach.
25406238	11	11	theme	rRNA	1634:1637	arg1	sequencing					1644:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	11	12	theme	Actinotignum	1880:1891	arg1	sp					1903:1904	the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp	1871:1904	the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp	1871:1904	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	10	13	theme	massiliense	1471:1481	arg1	strain					1447:1452	the type strain	1438:1452	the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T))	1438:1526	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	11	14	theme	comparative	1618:1628	arg1	sequencing					1644:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	5	15	theme	quinones	814:821	arg1	analysis					700:707	analysis	700:707	analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	700:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	11	16	theme	sanguinis	1893:1901	arg1	sp					1903:1904	the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp	1871:1904	the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp	1871:1904	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	8	17	theme	type	1200:1203	arg1	DSM					1212:1214	type strain DSM 15805	1200:1220	type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)	1200:1239	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	8	17	theme	type	1200:1203	arg1	T					1222:1222	T	1222:1222	T	1222:1222	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	11	18	theme	DNA-DNA	1659:1665	arg1	studies					1679:1685	DNA-DNA relatedness studies	1659:1685	DNA-DNA relatedness studies	1659:1685	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	5	19	theme	esters	794:799	arg1	analysis					700:707	analysis	700:707	analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	700:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	20	theme	polar	827:831	arg1	lipids					833:838	polar lipids	827:838	polar lipids	827:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	13	21	theme	type	1929:1932	arg1	strain					1934:1939	The type strain	1925:1939	The type strain	1925:1939	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	21	theme	type	1929:1932	arg1	L-2199					1950:1955	IMMIB L-2199	1944:1955	IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T))	1944:1992	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	5	22	theme	molecular	899:907	arg1	data					909:912	molecular data	899:912	molecular data	899:912	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	9	23	dep	Actinomyces	1309:1319	arg1	suis					1321:1324	Actinomyces suis	1309:1324	Actinomyces suis	1309:1324	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis are also provided.
25406238	0	24	theme	Actinotignum	147:158	arg1	comb					180:183	comb	180:183	comb	180:183	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	0	24	theme	Actinotignum	147:158	arg1	nov.					174:177	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	147:177	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	147:177	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	3	25	theme	Actinobaculum	313:325	arg1	re-examination					355:368	re-examination	355:368	re-examination of the culture	355:383	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	25	theme	Actinobaculum	313:325	arg1	nov.					270:273	nov.	270:273	nov.	270:273	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	25	theme	Actinobaculum	313:325	arg1	descriptions					287:298	emended descriptions	279:298	emended descriptions	279:298	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	9	26	dep	Actinobaculum	1291:1303	arg1	the					1281:1283	the	1281:1283	the	1281:1283	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis are also provided.
25406238	5	27	theme	acid	737:740	arg1	composition					742:752	amino acid composition	731:752	amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan	731:773	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	6	28	theme	study	986:990	arg1	proposals					968:976	The proposals	964:976	The proposals of this study	964:990	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	5	29	theme	comparative	657:667	arg1	study					684:688	A comparative chemotaxonomic study	655:688	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	655:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	8	30	theme	CCUG	1227:1230	arg1	T					1238:1238	T	1238:1238	T	1238:1238	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	8	30	theme	CCUG	1227:1230	arg1	46093					1232:1236	CCUG 46093	1227:1236	type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)	1200:1239	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	0	31	theme	Lawson	82:87	arg1	Reclassification					39:54	Reclassification	39:54	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.	0:184	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	5	32	theme	whole-cell	712:721	arg1	sugars					723:728	whole-cell sugars	712:728	whole-cell sugars	712:728	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	33	theme	genus	943:947	arg1	Actinobaculum					949:961	the genus Actinobaculum	939:961	the genus Actinobaculum	939:961	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	7	34	theme	CCUG	1148:1151	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	34	theme	CCUG	1148:1151	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	34	theme	CCUG	1148:1151	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	8	35	dep	nov	1194:1196	arg1	DSM					1212:1214	type strain DSM 15805	1200:1220	type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)	1200:1239	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	8	35	dep	nov	1194:1196	arg1	T					1222:1222	T	1222:1222	T	1222:1222	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	3	36	theme	CCUG	424:427	arg1	19118T					444:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	36	theme	CCUG	424:427	arg1	47753T					429:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T	398:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T)	398:450	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	5	37	theme	methyl	787:792	arg1	esters					794:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	10	38	theme	sequence	1374:1381	arg1	analysis					1383:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	39	theme	species	1573:1579	arg1	member					1559:1564	a member	1557:1564	a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii	1557:1602	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	6	40	theme	schaalii	1038:1045	arg1	reclassification					1004:1019	the reclassification	1000:1019	the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale	1000:1071	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	3	41	theme	Actinobaculum	398:410	arg1	19118T					444:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	41	theme	Actinobaculum	398:410	arg1	47753T					429:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T	398:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T)	398:450	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	4	42	theme	host	531:534	arg1	specificity					536:546	The remarkable host specificity	516:546	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum	516:588	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum led us to recharacterize these species by a polyphasic approach.
25406238	10	43	theme	rRNA	1364:1367	arg1	analysis					1383:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	3	44	theme	DSM	440:442	arg1	19118T					444:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	44	theme	DSM	440:442	arg1	47753T					429:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T	398:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T)	398:450	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	5	45	theme	peptidoglycan	761:773	arg1	sugars					723:728	whole-cell sugars	712:728	whole-cell sugars	712:728	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	45	theme	peptidoglycan	761:773	arg1	esters					794:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	45	theme	peptidoglycan	761:773	arg1	composition					742:752	amino acid composition	731:752	amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan	731:773	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	45	theme	peptidoglycan	761:773	arg1	quinones					814:821	respiratory quinones	802:821	respiratory quinones	802:821	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	45	theme	peptidoglycan	761:773	arg1	lipids					833:838	polar lipids	827:838	polar lipids	827:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	13	46	theme	CCUG	1979:1982	arg1	T					1990:1990	T	1990:1990	T	1990:1990	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	46	theme	CCUG	1979:1982	arg1	64068					1984:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068	1961:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)	1961:1991	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	7	47	theme	DSM	1133:1135	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	47	theme	DSM	1133:1135	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	47	theme	DSM	1133:1135	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	10	48	theme	hybridization	1404:1416	arg1	results					1349:1355	The results	1345:1355	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization	1345:1416	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	7	49	theme	type	1121:1124	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	49	theme	type	1121:1124	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	49	theme	type	1121:1124	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	9	50	theme	Emended	1257:1263	arg1	descriptions					1265:1276	Emended descriptions	1257:1276	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis	1257:1324	Emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinomyces suis are also provided.
25406238	11	51	theme	clinical	1718:1725	arg1	materials					1727:1735	clinical materials	1718:1735	clinical materials	1718:1735	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	7	52	theme	 =	1145:1146	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	52	theme	 =	1145:1146	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	52	theme	 =	1145:1146	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	0	53	dep	Dissection	0:9	arg1	Reclassification					39:54	Reclassification	39:54	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.	0:184	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	4	54	theme	Actinobaculum	576:588	arg1	species					555:561	the species	551:561	the species of the genus Actinobaculum	551:588	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum led us to recharacterize these species by a polyphasic approach.
25406238	6	55	theme	schaalii	1089:1096	arg1	nov.					1103:1106	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	1076:1106	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	1076:1106	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	6	55	theme	schaalii	1089:1096	arg1	comb					1109:1112	comb	1109:1112	comb	1109:1112	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	10	56	theme	Actinobaculum	1457:1469	arg1	massiliense					1471:1481	Actinobaculum massiliense	1457:1481	Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T))	1457:1526	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	3	57	theme	species	507:513	arg1	strain					492:497	a strain	490:497	a strain of this species	490:513	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	13	58	theme	DSM	1964:1966	arg1	T					1990:1990	T	1990:1990	T	1990:1990	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	58	theme	DSM	1964:1966	arg1	64068					1984:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068	1961:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)	1961:1991	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	4	59	theme	species	555:561	arg1	specificity					536:546	The remarkable host specificity	516:546	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum	516:588	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum led us to recharacterize these species by a polyphasic approach.
25406238	2	60	theme	sp	266:267	arg1	description					228:238	description	228:238	description of Actinotignum sanguinis sp	228:267	nov., description of Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	5	61	theme	lipids	833:838	arg1	analysis					700:707	analysis	700:707	analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	700:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	62	theme	fatty	776:780	arg1	esters					794:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	10	63	theme	CCUG	1496:1499	arg1	19118					1518:1522	 = DSM 19118	1511:1522	 = DSM 19118(T)	1511:1525	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	63	theme	CCUG	1496:1499	arg1	T					1507:1507	T	1507:1507	T	1507:1507	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	63	theme	CCUG	1496:1499	arg1	47753					1501:1505	CCUG 47753	1496:1505	CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T))	1496:1526	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	11	64	theme	name	1875:1878	arg1	sp					1903:1904	the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp	1871:1904	the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp	1871:1904	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	5	65	theme	significant	849:859	arg1	differences					861:871	significant differences	849:871	significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum	849:961	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	11	66	theme	gene	1639:1642	arg1	sequencing					1644:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	0	67	theme	Hall	127:130	arg1	Reclassification					39:54	Reclassification	39:54	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.	0:184	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	5	68	theme	respiratory	802:812	arg1	quinones					814:821	respiratory quinones	802:821	respiratory quinones	802:821	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	11	69	theme	16S	1630:1632	arg1	sequencing					1644:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	11	70	theme	novel	1846:1850	arg1	species					1852:1858	a novel species	1844:1858	a novel species	1844:1858	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	11	71	theme	relatedness	1667:1677	arg1	studies					1679:1685	DNA-DNA relatedness studies	1659:1685	DNA-DNA relatedness studies	1659:1685	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	11	72	theme	Actinotignum	1789:1800	arg1	schaalii					1802:1809	Actinotignum schaalii	1789:1809	Actinotignum schaalii	1789:1809	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	5	73	theme	chemotaxonomic	669:682	arg1	study					684:688	A comparative chemotaxonomic study	655:688	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	655:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	8	74	theme	strain	1205:1210	arg1	DSM					1212:1214	type strain DSM 15805	1200:1220	type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)	1200:1239	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	8	74	theme	strain	1205:1210	arg1	T					1222:1222	T	1222:1222	T	1222:1222	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	7	75	theme	15541	1137:1141	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	75	theme	15541	1137:1141	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	75	theme	15541	1137:1141	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	0	76	theme	schaalii	160:167	arg1	comb					180:183	comb	180:183	comb	180:183	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	0	76	theme	schaalii	160:167	arg1	nov.					174:177	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	147:177	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	147:177	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	2	77	theme	Actinotignum	243:254	arg1	sp					266:267	Actinotignum sanguinis sp	243:267	Actinotignum sanguinis sp	243:267	nov., description of Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	3	78	theme	emended	279:285	arg1	descriptions					287:298	emended descriptions	279:298	emended descriptions	279:298	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	5	79	theme	amino	731:735	arg1	composition					742:752	amino acid composition	731:752	amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan	731:773	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	13	80	theme	IMMIB	1944:1948	arg1	T					1957:1957	T	1957:1957	T	1957:1957	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	80	theme	IMMIB	1944:1948	arg1	strain					1934:1939	The type strain	1925:1939	The type strain	1925:1939	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	80	theme	IMMIB	1944:1948	arg1	L-2199					1950:1955	IMMIB L-2199	1944:1955	IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T))	1944:1992	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	11	81	theme	remaining	1816:1824	arg1	strain					1826:1831	the remaining strain	1812:1831	the remaining strain	1812:1831	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	5	82	theme	composition	742:752	arg1	analysis					700:707	analysis	700:707	analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	700:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	83	with	combination	882:892	arg1	data					909:912	molecular data	899:912	molecular data	899:912	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	10	84	dep	Actinobaculum	1581:1593	arg1	schaalii					1595:1602	schaalii	1595:1602	schaalii	1595:1602	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	5	85	theme	sugars	723:728	arg1	analysis					700:707	analysis	700:707	analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids	700:838	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	5	86	theme	Actinobaculum	949:961	arg1	dissection					925:934	a dissection	923:934	a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum	923:961	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	6	87	theme	Actinotignum	1076:1087	arg1	nov.					1103:1106	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	1076:1106	Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov.	1076:1106	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	6	87	theme	Actinotignum	1076:1087	arg1	comb					1109:1112	comb	1109:1112	comb	1109:1112	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	3	88	theme	suis	345:348	arg1	re-examination					355:368	re-examination	355:368	re-examination of the culture	355:383	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	88	theme	suis	345:348	arg1	nov.					270:273	nov.	270:273	nov.	270:273	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	88	theme	suis	345:348	arg1	descriptions					287:298	emended descriptions	279:298	emended descriptions	279:298	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	89	theme	 =	437:438	arg1	19118T					444:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	89	theme	 =	437:438	arg1	47753T					429:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T	398:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T)	398:450	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	5	90	theme	acid	782:785	arg1	esters					794:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	fatty acid methyl esters	776:799	A comparative chemotaxonomic study including analysis of whole-cell sugars, amino acid composition of the peptidoglycan, fatty acid methyl esters, respiratory quinones and polar lipids revealed significant differences that, in combination with molecular data, support a dissection of the genus Actinobaculum.
25406238	6	91	theme	urinale	1065:1071	arg1	reclassification					1004:1019	the reclassification	1000:1019	the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale	1000:1071	The proposals of this study include the reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii and Actinobaculum urinale as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	3	92	theme	culture	377:383	arg1	re-examination					355:368	re-examination	355:368	re-examination of the culture	355:383	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	92	theme	culture	377:383	arg1	nov.					270:273	nov.	270:273	nov.	270:273	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	92	theme	culture	377:383	arg1	descriptions					287:298	emended descriptions	279:298	emended descriptions	279:298	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	4	93	theme	remarkable	520:529	arg1	specificity					536:546	The remarkable host specificity	516:546	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum	516:588	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum led us to recharacterize these species by a polyphasic approach.
25406238	0	94	theme	genus	18:22	arg1	Actinobaculum					24:36	the genus Actinobaculum	14:36	the genus Actinobaculum	14:36	Dissection of the genus Actinobaculum: Reclassification of Actinobaculum schaalii Lawson et al. 1997 and Actinobaculum urinale Hall et al. 2003 as Actinotignum schaalii gen. nov., comb.
25406238	10	95	theme	gene	1369:1372	arg1	analysis					1383:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	7	96	theme	strain	1126:1131	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	96	theme	strain	1126:1131	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	96	theme	strain	1126:1131	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	3	97	theme	massiliense	412:422	arg1	19118T					444:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	 = DSM 19118T	437:449	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	3	97	theme	massiliense	412:422	arg1	47753T					429:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T	398:434	Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T)	398:450	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	10	98	theme	16S	1360:1362	arg1	analysis					1383:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	16S rRNA gene sequence analysis	1360:1390	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	11	99	theme	isolates	1768:1775	arg1	three					1755:1759	three	1755:1759	three	1755:1759	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	11	99	theme	isolates	1768:1775	arg1	isolates					1768:1775	the isolates	1764:1775	the isolates	1764:1775	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	10	100	theme	DNA-DNA	1396:1402	arg1	hybridization					1404:1416	DNA-DNA hybridization	1396:1416	DNA-DNA hybridization	1396:1416	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	11	101	theme	strains	1695:1701	arg1	studies					1679:1685	DNA-DNA relatedness studies	1659:1685	DNA-DNA relatedness studies	1659:1685	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	11	101	theme	strains	1695:1701	arg1	sequencing					1644:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing	1618:1653	In addition, comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA relatedness studies of four strains recovered from clinical materials demonstrated that three of the isolates belonged to Actinotignum schaalii; the remaining strain represents a novel species, for which the name Actinotignum sanguinis sp.
25406238	4	102	theme	genus	570:574	arg1	Actinobaculum					576:588	the genus Actinobaculum	566:588	the genus Actinobaculum	566:588	The remarkable host specificity of the species of the genus Actinobaculum led us to recharacterize these species by a polyphasic approach.
25406238	10	103	theme	analysis	1383:1390	arg1	results					1349:1355	The results	1345:1355	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization	1345:1416	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	3	104	dep	Actinobaculum	313:325	arg1	the					303:305	the	303:305	the	303:305	nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Actinobaculum and Actinobaculum suis; and re-examination of the culture deposited as Actinobaculum massiliense CCUG 47753T ( = DSM 19118T), revealing that it does not represent a strain of this species.
25406238	13	105	theme	T	1974:1974	arg1	T					1990:1990	T	1990:1990	T	1990:1990	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	105	theme	T	1974:1974	arg1	64068					1984:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068	1961:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)	1961:1991	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	8	106	dep	DSM	1212:1214	arg1	T					1238:1238	T	1238:1238	T	1238:1238	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	8	106	dep	DSM	1212:1214	arg1	46093					1232:1236	CCUG 46093	1227:1236	type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)	1200:1239	nov. (type strain DSM 15805(T) = CCUG 46093(T)), respectively.
25406238	10	107	theme	DSM	1514:1516	arg1	T					1524:1524	T	1524:1524	T	1524:1524	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	107	theme	DSM	1514:1516	arg1	19118					1518:1522	 = DSM 19118	1511:1522	 = DSM 19118(T)	1511:1525	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	10	107	theme	DSM	1514:1516	arg1	47753					1501:1505	CCUG 47753	1496:1505	CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T))	1496:1526	The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization also indicated that the type strain of Actinobaculum massiliense deposited as CCUG 47753(T) ( = DSM 19118(T)) should in fact be considered a member of the species Actinobaculum schaalii.
25406238	13	108	dep	L-2199	1950:1955	arg1	T					1990:1990	T	1990:1990	T	1990:1990	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	108	dep	L-2199	1950:1955	arg1	64068					1984:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068	1961:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)	1961:1991	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	7	109	theme	T	1143:1143	arg1	27420					1153:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420	1121:1157	type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)	1121:1160	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	109	theme	T	1143:1143	arg1	nov					1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov	1115:1117	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	7	109	theme	T	1143:1143	arg1	T					1159:1159	T	1159:1159	T	1159:1159	nov. (type strain DSM 15541(T) = CCUG 27420(T)) and Actinotignum urinale comb.
25406238	13	110	theme	 =	1976:1977	arg1	T					1990:1990	T	1990:1990	T	1990:1990	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
25406238	13	110	theme	 =	1976:1977	arg1	64068					1984:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068	1961:1988	 = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)	1961:1991	The type strain is IMMIB L-2199(T) ( = DSM 26039(T) = CCUG 64068(T)).
26245540	9	0	theme	correlation	1122:1132	arg1	coefficients					1134:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients	1111:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients	1111:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	14	1	theme	useful	1710:1715	arg1	tool					1717:1720	a potentially useful tool	1696:1720	a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan	1696:1774	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	14	1	theme	useful	1710:1715	arg1	analysis					1684:1691	Human milk analysis	1673:1691	Human milk analysis	1673:1691	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	4	2	theme	Human	456:460	arg1	analysis					467:474	Human milk analysis	456:474	Human milk analysis	456:474	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	6	3	theme	reference	753:761	arg1	analysis					779:786	reference laboratory milk analysis	753:786	reference laboratory milk analysis	753:786	This pilot study compares mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to reference laboratory milk analysis.
26245540	11	4	theme	macronutrient	1450:1462	arg1	content					1464:1470	macronutrient content	1450:1470	macronutrient content	1450:1470	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	11	5	theme	expressed	1475:1483	arg1	milk					1491:1494	expressed human milk	1475:1494	expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1475:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	4	6	theme	nutrition	509:517	arg1	care					519:522	the nutrition care	505:522	the nutrition care of high-risk newborns	505:544	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	14	7	theme	individualized	1742:1755	arg1	plan					1771:1774	an individualized fortification plan	1739:1774	an individualized fortification plan	1739:1774	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	8	8	theme	reference	977:985	arg1	analysis					998:1005	reference laboratory analysis	977:1005	reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose	977:1108	Duplicate samples were analyzed for macronutrients by MIR and by reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose.
26245540	11	9	theme	infants	1520:1526	arg1	mothers					1501:1507	mothers	1501:1507	mothers of preterm infants	1501:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	4	10	contain	has	476:478	arg1	analysis					467:474	Human milk analysis	456:474	Human milk analysis	456:474	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	4	10	contain	has	476:478	arg2	potential					484:492	the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition	480:603	the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition	480:603	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	10	11	dep	RESULTS	1233:1239	arg1	detected					1273:1280	detected	1273:1280	were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis	1268:1377	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	4	12	theme	high-risk	527:535	arg1	newborns					537:544	high-risk newborns	527:544	high-risk newborns	527:544	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	2	13	theme	low-birth-weight	285:300	arg1	infants					302:308	low-birth-weight infants	285:308	low-birth-weight infants	285:308	Human milk contains all nutrients required for infant health but requires fortification to meet the needs of low-birth-weight infants.
26245540	10	14	theme	macronutrient	1294:1306	arg1	content					1308:1314	the macronutrient content	1290:1314	the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis	1290:1377	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	9	15	theme	Bland-Altman	1148:1159	arg1	plots					1169:1173	Bland-Altman scatter plots	1148:1173	Bland-Altman scatter plots	1148:1173	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	0	16	theme	Human	0:4	arg1	Analysis					11:18	Human Milk Analysis	0:18	Human Milk Analysis	0:18	Human Milk Analysis Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy.
26245540	6	17	dep	mid-infrared	718:729	arg1	MIR					732:734	MIR	732:734	MIR	732:734	This pilot study compares mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to reference laboratory milk analysis.
26245540	3	18	theme	known	321:325	arg1	profile					336:342	a known nutrient profile	319:342	a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby	319:391	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	9	19	theme	scatter	1161:1167	arg1	plots					1169:1173	Bland-Altman scatter plots	1148:1173	Bland-Altman scatter plots	1148:1173	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	7	20	theme	informed	813:820	arg1	consent					822:828	informed consent	813:828	informed consent	813:828	METHODS After obtaining informed consent, we collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth.
26245540	1	21	theme	lactation	146:154	arg1	length					116:121	length	116:121	length of gestation	116:134	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	1	21	theme	lactation	146:154	arg1	stage					137:141	stage	137:141	stage of lactation	137:154	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	1	21	theme	lactation	146:154	arg1	factors					167:173	other factors	161:173	other factors	161:173	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	3	22	theme	nutrient	327:334	arg1	profile					336:342	a known nutrient profile	319:342	a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby	319:391	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	8	23	theme	laboratory	987:996	arg1	analysis					998:1005	reference laboratory analysis	977:1005	reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose	977:1108	Duplicate samples were analyzed for macronutrients by MIR and by reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose.
26245540	7	24	theme	infants	879:885	arg1	mothers					868:874	mothers	868:874	mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth	868:909	METHODS After obtaining informed consent, we collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth.
26245540	1	25	theme	human	83:87	arg1	milk					89:92	human milk	83:92	human milk	83:92	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	11	26	theme	MIR	1392:1394	arg1	analysis					1396:1403	MIR analysis	1392:1403	MIR analysis	1392:1403	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	14	27	theme	fortification	1757:1769	arg1	plan					1771:1774	an individualized fortification plan	1739:1774	an individualized fortification plan	1739:1774	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	0	28	theme	Milk	6:9	arg1	Analysis					11:18	Human Milk Analysis	0:18	Human Milk Analysis	0:18	Human Milk Analysis Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy.
26245540	1	29	theme	milk	89:92	arg1	composition					68:78	The composition	64:78	The composition of human milk	64:92	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	3	30	theme	milk	360:363	arg1	profile					336:342	a known nutrient profile	319:342	a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby	319:391	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	11	31	theme	preterm	1512:1518	arg1	infants					1520:1526	preterm infants	1512:1526	preterm infants	1512:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	13	32	theme	oligosaccharides	1655:1670	arg1	presence					1643:1650	the presence	1639:1650	the presence of oligosaccharides	1639:1670	Measurement of lactose is confounded by the presence of oligosaccharides.
26245540	6	33	theme	mid-infrared	718:729	arg1	spectroscopy					737:748	mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy	718:748	mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy	718:748	This pilot study compares mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to reference laboratory milk analysis.
26245540	11	34	from	mothers	1501:1507	arg1	milk					1491:1494	expressed human milk	1475:1494	expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1475:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	11	34	from	mothers	1501:1507	arg1	assessment					1436:1445	an accurate assessment	1424:1445	an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1424:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	11	35	theme	accurate	1427:1434	arg1	assessment					1436:1445	an accurate assessment	1424:1445	an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1424:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	1	36	theme	other	161:165	arg1	factors					167:173	other factors	161:173	other factors	161:173	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	13	37	theme	lactose	1614:1620	arg1	Measurement					1599:1609	Measurement	1599:1609	Measurement of lactose	1599:1620	Measurement of lactose is confounded by the presence of oligosaccharides.
26245540	9	38	theme	paired	1180:1185	arg1	tests					1189:1193	paired t tests	1180:1193	paired t tests	1180:1193	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	8	39	theme	Duplicate	912:920	arg1	samples					922:928	Duplicate samples	912:928	Duplicate samples	912:928	Duplicate samples were analyzed for macronutrients by MIR and by reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose.
26245540	9	40	theme	t	1187:1187	arg1	tests					1189:1193	paired t tests	1180:1193	paired t tests	1180:1193	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	1	41	dep	BACKGROUND	53:62	arg1	known					97:101	known	97:101	is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors	94:173	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	3	42	theme	milk	374:377	arg1	profile					336:342	a known nutrient profile	319:342	a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby	319:391	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	10	43	theme	reference	1349:1357	arg1	analysis					1370:1377	reference laboratory analysis	1349:1377	reference laboratory analysis	1349:1377	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	14	44	theme	milk	1679:1682	arg1	tool					1717:1720	a potentially useful tool	1696:1720	a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan	1696:1774	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	14	44	theme	milk	1679:1682	arg1	analysis					1684:1691	Human milk analysis	1673:1691	Human milk analysis	1673:1691	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	10	45	theme	significant	1244:1254	arg1	differences					1256:1266	No significant differences	1241:1266	No significant differences	1241:1266	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	4	46	theme	milk	588:591	arg1	composition					593:603	human milk composition	582:603	human milk composition	582:603	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	0	47	theme	Mid-Infrared	26:37	arg1	Spectroscopy					39:50	Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy	26:50	Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy	26:50	Human Milk Analysis Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy.
26245540	14	48	theme	Human	1673:1677	arg1	tool					1717:1720	a potentially useful tool	1696:1720	a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan	1696:1774	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	14	48	theme	Human	1673:1677	arg1	analysis					1684:1691	Human milk analysis	1673:1691	Human milk analysis	1673:1691	Human milk analysis is a potentially useful tool for establishing an individualized fortification plan.
26245540	7	49	dep	METHODS	789:795	arg1	collected					834:842	collected	834:842	collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth	834:909	METHODS After obtaining informed consent, we collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth.
26245540	4	50	theme	human	582:586	arg1	composition					593:603	human milk composition	582:603	human milk composition	582:603	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	4	51	theme	milk	462:465	arg1	analysis					467:474	Human milk analysis	456:474	Human milk analysis	456:474	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	9	52	used	used	1200:1203	arg2	coefficients					1134:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients	1111:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients	1111:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	9	52	used	used	1200:1203	arg2	plots					1169:1173	Bland-Altman scatter plots	1148:1173	Bland-Altman scatter plots	1148:1173	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	9	52	used	used	1200:1203	arg2	tests					1189:1193	paired t tests	1180:1193	paired t tests	1180:1193	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	6	53	theme	pilot	697:701	arg1	study					703:707	This pilot study	692:707	This pilot study	692:707	This pilot study compares mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to reference laboratory milk analysis.
26245540	7	54	from	mothers	868:874	arg1	samples					855:861	human milk samples	844:861	human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth	844:909	METHODS After obtaining informed consent, we collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth.
26245540	3	55	theme	donor	368:372	arg1	milk					374:377	donor milk	368:377	donor milk	368:377	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	12	56	theme	study	1559:1563	arg1	size					1546:1549	The small sample size	1529:1549	The small sample size of this study	1529:1563	The small sample size of this study limits confidence in the results.
26245540	5	57	theme	human	627:631	arg1	milk					633:636	human milk	627:636	human milk	627:636	Equipment to analyze human milk is available, and the technology is rapidly evolving.
26245540	11	58	from	assessment	1436:1445	arg1	mothers					1501:1507	mothers	1501:1507	mothers of preterm infants	1501:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	11	58	from	assessment	1436:1445	arg1	milk					1491:1494	expressed human milk	1475:1494	expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1475:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	2	59	dep	the	272:274	arg1	needs					276:280	needs	276:280	needs	276:280	Human milk contains all nutrients required for infant health but requires fortification to meet the needs of low-birth-weight infants.
26245540	11	60	theme	content	1464:1470	arg1	assessment					1436:1445	an accurate assessment	1424:1445	an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1424:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	10	61	theme	laboratory	1359:1368	arg1	analysis					1370:1377	reference laboratory analysis	1349:1377	reference laboratory analysis	1349:1377	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	2	62	theme	Human	176:180	arg1	milk					182:185	Human milk	176:185	Human milk	176:185	Human milk contains all nutrients required for infant health but requires fortification to meet the needs of low-birth-weight infants.
26245540	3	63	theme	fortified	417:425	arg1	product					427:433	the fortified product	413:433	the fortified product	413:433	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	10	64	theme	human	1319:1323	arg1	milk					1325:1328	human milk	1319:1328	human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis	1319:1377	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	2	65	contain	contains	187:194	arg2	nutrients					200:208	all nutrients	196:208	all nutrients required for infant health	196:235	Human milk contains all nutrients required for infant health but requires fortification to meet the needs of low-birth-weight infants.
26245540	2	65	contain	contains	187:194	arg1	milk					182:185	Human milk	176:185	Human milk	176:185	Human milk contains all nutrients required for infant health but requires fortification to meet the needs of low-birth-weight infants.
26245540	11	66	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1380:1390	arg1	appears					1405:1411	appears	1405:1411	appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1405:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	6	67	theme	milk	774:777	arg1	analysis					779:786	reference laboratory milk analysis	753:786	reference laboratory milk analysis	753:786	This pilot study compares mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to reference laboratory milk analysis.
26245540	3	68	theme	product	427:433	arg1	composition					398:408	the composition	394:408	the composition of the fortified product	394:433	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	3	68	theme	product	427:433	arg1	estimate					446:453	estimate	446:453	estimate	446:453	Without a known nutrient profile of the mother's milk or donor milk fed to a baby, the composition of the fortified product is only an estimate.
26245540	7	69	theme	human	844:848	arg1	samples					855:861	human milk samples	844:861	human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth	844:909	METHODS After obtaining informed consent, we collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth.
26245540	4	70	theme	newborns	537:544	arg1	care					519:522	the nutrition care	505:522	the nutrition care of high-risk newborns	505:544	Human milk analysis has the potential to improve the nutrition care of high-risk newborns by increasing the information about human milk composition.
26245540	8	71	theme	liquid	1076:1081	arg1	chromatography					1083:1096	high-pressure liquid chromatography	1062:1096	high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose	1062:1108	Duplicate samples were analyzed for macronutrients by MIR and by reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose.
26245540	6	72	theme	laboratory	763:772	arg1	analysis					779:786	reference laboratory milk analysis	753:786	reference laboratory milk analysis	753:786	This pilot study compares mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy to reference laboratory milk analysis.
26245540	2	73	theme	infant	223:228	arg1	health					230:235	infant health	223:235	infant health	223:235	Human milk contains all nutrients required for infant health but requires fortification to meet the needs of low-birth-weight infants.
26245540	10	74	theme	milk	1325:1328	arg1	content					1308:1314	the macronutrient content	1290:1314	the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis	1290:1377	RESULTS No significant differences were detected between the macronutrient content of human milk obtained by MIR vs reference laboratory analysis.
26245540	1	75	theme	gestation	126:134	arg1	length					116:121	length	116:121	length of gestation	116:134	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	1	75	theme	gestation	126:134	arg1	stage					137:141	stage	137:141	stage of lactation	137:154	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	1	75	theme	gestation	126:134	arg1	factors					167:173	other factors	161:173	other factors	161:173	BACKGROUND The composition of human milk is known to vary with length of gestation, stage of lactation, and other factors.
26245540	7	76	theme	milk	850:853	arg1	samples					855:861	human milk samples	844:861	human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth	844:909	METHODS After obtaining informed consent, we collected human milk samples from mothers of infants weighing <2 kg at birth.
26245540	12	77	theme	sample	1539:1544	arg1	size					1546:1549	The small sample size	1529:1549	The small sample size of this study	1529:1563	The small sample size of this study limits confidence in the results.
26245540	8	78	theme	high-pressure	1062:1074	arg1	chromatography					1083:1096	high-pressure liquid chromatography	1062:1096	high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose	1062:1108	Duplicate samples were analyzed for macronutrients by MIR and by reference laboratory analysis including Kjeldahl for protein, Mojonnier for fat, and high-pressure liquid chromatography for lactose.
26245540	9	79	theme	Intraclass	1111:1120	arg1	coefficients					1134:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients	1111:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients	1111:1145	Intraclass correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman scatter plots, and paired t tests were used to compare the two methods.
26245540	11	80	theme	human	1485:1489	arg1	milk					1491:1494	expressed human milk	1475:1494	expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants	1475:1526	CONCLUSIONS MIR analysis appears to provide an accurate assessment of macronutrient content in expressed human milk from mothers of preterm infants.
26245540	12	81	theme	small	1533:1537	arg1	size					1546:1549	The small sample size	1529:1549	The small sample size of this study	1529:1563	The small sample size of this study limits confidence in the results.
28757018	7	0	theme	α2,6-linked	1454:1464	arg1	strains					1495:1501	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	1	1	from	domain	227:232	arg1	SAs					264:266	SAs	264:266	SAs	264:266	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	1	1	from	domain	227:232	arg1	acids					257:261	the terminal sialic acids	237:261	the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	237:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	3	2	theme	G6P[1	636:640	arg1	NCDV					643:646	bovine G6P[1] NCDV	629:646	bovine G6P[1] NCDV	629:646	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	1	3	theme	terminal	241:248	arg1	SAs					264:266	SAs	264:266	SAs	264:266	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	1	3	theme	terminal	241:248	arg1	acids					257:261	the terminal sialic acids	237:261	the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	237:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	4	theme	animal	1383:1388	arg1	strains					1390:1396	four NA-sensitive animal strains	1365:1396	four NA-sensitive animal strains	1365:1396	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	6	5	link	O-linked	1233:1240	arg1	glycoprotein					1242:1253	O-linked glycoprotein	1233:1253	O-linked glycoprotein	1233:1253	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	6	theme	G3P[3	660:664	arg1	strains					667:673	canine G3P[3] strains	653:673	canine G3P[3] strains	653:673	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	7	7	theme	strain-dependent	1411:1426	arg1	preference					1436:1445	a strain-dependent binding preference	1409:1445	a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein	1409:1620	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	4	8	theme	α2,6-linkage	767:778	arg1	inhibitors					780:789	α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors	750:789	α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors	750:789	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	6	9	theme	N-linked	1184:1191	arg1	glycoprotein					1193:1204	N-linked glycoprotein	1184:1204	N-linked glycoprotein	1184:1204	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	10	theme	SA-containing	490:502	arg1	glycan					504:509	SA-containing glycan	490:509	SA-containing glycan	490:509	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	6	11	gly	glycoprotein	1242:1253	arg1	glycoprotein					1242:1253	O-linked glycoprotein	1233:1253	O-linked glycoprotein	1233:1253	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	6	12	theme	membrane	1171:1178	arg1	inhibitors					1151:1160	inhibitors	1151:1160	inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein	1151:1204	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	4	13	theme	α2,6-linked	845:855	arg1	SAs					857:859	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs	830:859	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs	830:859	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	6	14	theme	lipid	1165:1169	arg1	membrane					1171:1178	lipid membrane	1165:1178	lipid membrane	1165:1178	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	15	link	α2,6-linked	1454:1464	arg1	strains					1495:1501	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	5	16	theme	α2,3-linkage	993:1004	arg1	blockers					1006:1013	α2,3-linkage blockers	993:1013	α2,3-linkage blockers	993:1013	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	7	17	dep	glycolipid	1585:1594	arg1	the					1581:1583	the	1581:1583	the	1581:1583	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	6	18	theme	O-linked	1233:1240	arg1	glycoprotein					1242:1253	O-linked glycoprotein	1233:1253	O-linked glycoprotein	1233:1253	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	19	dep	CU-1	1490:1493	arg1	SAs					1466:1468	SAs	1466:1468	SAs	1466:1468	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	20	theme	attachment	547:556	arg1	factor					558:563	an attachment factor	544:563	an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains	544:673	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	3	20	theme	attachment	547:556	arg1	linkage					479:485	the specific linkage	466:485	the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid	466:539	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	6	21	gly	glycoprotein	1193:1204	arg1	glycoprotein					1193:1204	N-linked glycoprotein	1184:1204	N-linked glycoprotein	1184:1204	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	4	22	theme	α2,3-	835:839	arg1	SAs					857:859	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs	830:859	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs	830:859	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	6	23	theme	NA-sensitive	1107:1118	arg1	strains					1120:1126	four NA-sensitive strains	1102:1126	four NA-sensitive strains	1102:1126	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	24	theme	α2,6-linked	1522:1532	arg1	strains					1569:1575	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	25	theme	NA-sensitive	573:584	arg1	PRG9121					601:607	NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942	573:626	PRG9121	601:607	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	1	26	theme	-sensitive	139:148	arg1	strains					169:175	neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains	121:175	neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains	121:175	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	27	theme	α2,3-	1512:1516	arg1	strains					1569:1575	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	5	28	theme	strains	1054:1060	arg1	predilection					1032:1043	a predilection	1030:1043	a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs	1030:1080	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	1	29	theme	NA-insensitive	154:167	arg1	strains					169:175	neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains	121:175	neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains	121:175	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	3	30	theme	G9P[7	594:598	arg1	PRG9121					601:607	NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942	573:626	PRG9121	601:607	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	4	31	theme	G9P[7	699:703	arg1	Infectivity					676:686	Infectivity	676:686	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains	676:724	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	1	32	theme	A	83:83	arg1	rotaviruses					85:95	Group A rotaviruses	77:95	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs)	77:102	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	1	32	theme	A	83:83	arg1	RVAs					98:101	RVAs	98:101	RVAs	98:101	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	2	33	theme	attachment	366:375	arg1	SAs					356:358	terminal SAs	347:358	terminal SAs	347:358	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	2	33	theme	attachment	366:375	arg1	factor					377:382	an attachment factor	363:382	an attachment factor	363:382	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	2	34	theme	attachment	410:419	arg1	factor					421:426	this attachment factor	405:426	this attachment factor	405:426	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	7	35	link	α2,6-linked	1522:1532	arg1	strains					1569:1575	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	2	36	theme	exact	389:393	arg1	nature					395:400	the exact nature	385:400	the exact nature of this attachment factor	385:426	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	2	36	theme	exact	389:393	arg1	unknown					439:445	unknown	439:445	unknown	439:445	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	7	37	theme	P[3	1485:1487	arg1	strains					1495:1501	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	38	theme	G9P[23	613:618	arg1	PRG942					621:626	NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942	573:626	PRG942	621:626	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	0	39	theme	animal	51:56	arg1	rotavirus					58:66	four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus	22:66	four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus	22:66	Glycan-specificity of four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus strains.
28757018	1	40	theme	cell	272:275	arg1	carbohydrates					285:297	cell surface carbohydrates	272:297	cell surface carbohydrates	272:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	41	theme	NCDV	1476:1479	arg1	strains					1495:1501	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	5	42	theme	α2,6-linked	1066:1076	arg1	SAs					1078:1080	α2,6-linked SAs	1066:1080	α2,6-linked SAs	1066:1080	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	4	43	theme	α2,3-linkage	750:761	arg1	inhibitors					780:789	α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors	750:789	α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors	750:789	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	1	44	theme	carbohydrates	285:297	arg1	SAs					264:266	SAs	264:266	SAs	264:266	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	1	44	theme	carbohydrates	285:297	arg1	acids					257:261	the terminal sialic acids	237:261	the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	237:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	45	theme	P[1	1471:1473	arg1	strains					1495:1501	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	5	46	link	α2,6-linked	1066:1076	arg1	SAs					1078:1080	α2,6-linked SAs	1066:1080	α2,6-linked SAs	1066:1080	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	3	47	theme	bovine	629:634	arg1	NCDV					643:646	bovine G6P[1] NCDV	629:646	bovine G6P[1] NCDV	629:646	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	2	48	theme	NA-sensitive	309:320	arg1	strains					322:328	NA-sensitive strains	309:328	NA-sensitive strains	309:328	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	1	49	theme	VP8	222:224	arg1	domain					227:232	the VP8* domain	218:232	the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	218:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	5	50	theme	canine	908:913	arg1	strains					922:928	bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains	890:928	strains	922:928	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	3	51	theme	specific	470:477	arg1	factor					558:563	an attachment factor	544:563	an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains	544:673	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	3	51	theme	specific	470:477	arg1	linkage					479:485	the specific linkage	466:485	the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid	466:539	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	4	52	link	α2,6-linked	845:855	arg1	SAs					857:859	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs	830:859	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs	830:859	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	7	53	theme	binding	1428:1434	arg1	preference					1436:1445	a strain-dependent binding preference	1409:1445	a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein	1409:1620	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	54	theme	glycan	504:509	arg1	factor					558:563	an attachment factor	544:563	an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains	544:673	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	3	54	theme	glycan	504:509	arg1	linkage					479:485	the specific linkage	466:485	the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid	466:539	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	1	55	theme	sialic	250:255	arg1	SAs					264:266	SAs	264:266	SAs	264:266	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	1	55	theme	sialic	250:255	arg1	acids					257:261	the terminal sialic acids	237:261	the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	237:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	6	56	theme	glycoprotein	1193:1204	arg1	inhibitors					1151:1160	inhibitors	1151:1160	inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein	1151:1204	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	57	theme	NA-sensitive	1370:1381	arg1	strains					1390:1396	four NA-sensitive animal strains	1365:1396	four NA-sensitive animal strains	1365:1396	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	3	58	theme	canine	653:658	arg1	strains					667:673	canine G3P[3] strains	653:673	canine G3P[3] strains	653:673	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	7	59	theme	P[23	1556:1559	arg1	strains					1569:1575	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	1	60	theme	binding	198:204	arg1	affinity					206:213	their binding affinity	192:213	their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	192:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	61	theme	PRG9121	1544:1550	arg1	strains					1569:1575	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains)	1507:1576	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	62	theme	P[7	1539:1541	arg1	PRG9121					1544:1550	SAs (P[7] PRG9121	1534:1550	SAs (P[7] PRG9121	1534:1550	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	6	63	theme	glycoprotein	1242:1253	arg1	inhibitor					1220:1228	an inhibitor	1217:1228	an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein	1217:1253	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	64	contain	have	1404:1407	arg2	preference					1436:1445	a strain-dependent binding preference	1409:1445	a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein	1409:1620	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	64	contain	have	1404:1407	arg1	strains					1390:1396	four NA-sensitive animal strains	1365:1396	four NA-sensitive animal strains	1365:1396	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	65	theme	SAs	1534:1536	arg1	PRG9121					1544:1550	SAs (P[7] PRG9121	1534:1550	SAs (P[7] PRG9121	1534:1550	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	5	66	theme	α2,6-linkage	959:970	arg1	inhibitor					972:980	α2,6-linkage inhibitor	959:980	α2,6-linkage inhibitor	959:980	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	3	67	theme	porcine	586:592	arg1	PRG9121					601:607	NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942	573:626	PRG9121	601:607	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	3	68	gly	glycoprotein	514:525	arg1	glycoprotein					514:525	glycoprotein	514:525	glycoprotein	514:525	Here we show that the specific linkage of SA-containing glycan to glycoprotein or glycolipid is an attachment factor used by NA-sensitive porcine G9P[7] PRG9121 and G9P[23] PRG942, bovine G6P[1] NCDV, and canine G3P[3] strains.
28757018	6	69	theme	strains	1120:1126	arg1	infectivity					1087:1097	The infectivity	1083:1097	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains	1083:1126	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	6	70	theme	N-linked	1314:1321	arg1	glycoprotein					1323:1334	N-linked glycoprotein	1314:1334	N-linked glycoprotein	1314:1334	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	6	71	link	N-linked	1314:1321	arg1	glycoprotein					1323:1334	N-linked glycoprotein	1314:1334	N-linked glycoprotein	1314:1334	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	1	72	theme	Group	77:81	arg1	rotaviruses					85:95	Group A rotaviruses	77:95	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs)	77:102	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	1	72	theme	Group	77:81	arg1	RVAs					98:101	RVAs	98:101	RVAs	98:101	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	73	theme	CU-1	1490:1493	arg1	strains					1495:1501	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains)	1454:1502	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	5	74	theme	bovine	890:895	arg1	G6P[1					897:901	bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains	890:928	G6P[1	897:901	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	4	75	theme	porcine	691:697	arg1	G9P[7					699:703	porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains	691:724	G9P[7	699:703	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	5	76	theme	G6P[1	897:901	arg1	infectivity					875:885	the infectivity	871:885	the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains	871:928	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	7	77	theme	N-linked	1600:1607	arg1	glycoprotein					1609:1620	N-linked glycoprotein	1600:1620	N-linked glycoprotein	1600:1620	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	7	78	link	N-linked	1600:1607	arg1	glycoprotein					1609:1620	N-linked glycoprotein	1600:1620	N-linked glycoprotein	1600:1620	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	0	79	theme	neuraminidase-sensitive	27:49	arg1	rotavirus					58:66	four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus	22:66	four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus	22:66	Glycan-specificity of four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus strains.
28757018	6	80	link	N-linked	1184:1191	arg1	glycoprotein					1193:1204	N-linked glycoprotein	1184:1204	N-linked glycoprotein	1184:1204	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	2	81	theme	terminal	347:354	arg1	SAs					356:358	terminal SAs	347:358	terminal SAs	347:358	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	2	81	theme	terminal	347:354	arg1	factor					377:382	an attachment factor	363:382	an attachment factor	363:382	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	0	82	theme	rotavirus	58:66	arg1	Glycan-specificity					0:17	Glycan-specificity	0:17	Glycan-specificity of four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus	0:66	Glycan-specificity of four neuraminidase-sensitive animal rotavirus strains.
28757018	5	83	theme	strains	922:928	arg1	infectivity					875:885	the infectivity	871:885	the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains	871:928	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	1	84	theme	surface	277:283	arg1	carbohydrates					285:297	cell surface carbohydrates	272:297	cell surface carbohydrates	272:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	7	85	gly	glycoprotein	1609:1620	arg1	glycoprotein					1609:1620	N-linked glycoprotein	1600:1620	N-linked glycoprotein	1600:1620	Our study demonstrates that four NA-sensitive animal strains could have a strain-dependent binding preference toward α2,6-linked SAs (P[1] NCDV and P[3] CU-1 strains) or both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs (P[7] PRG9121 and P[23] PRG942 strains) to the glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	2	86	theme	factor	421:426	arg1	nature					395:400	the exact nature	385:400	the exact nature of this attachment factor	385:426	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	2	86	theme	factor	421:426	arg1	unknown					439:445	unknown	439:445	unknown	439:445	Although NA-sensitive strains are known to use terminal SAs as an attachment factor, the exact nature of this attachment factor is largely unknown.
28757018	6	87	gly	glycoprotein	1323:1334	arg1	glycoprotein					1323:1334	N-linked glycoprotein	1314:1334	N-linked glycoprotein	1314:1334	The infectivity of four NA-sensitive strains was equally reduced by inhibitors of lipid membrane and N-linked glycoprotein but not by an inhibitor of O-linked glycoprotein, indicating that these strains utilize both glycolipid and N-linked glycoprotein.
28757018	4	88	theme	G9P[23	710:715	arg1	strains					718:724	porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains	691:724	strains	718:724	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	1	89	theme	*	225:225	arg1	domain					227:232	the VP8* domain	218:232	the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates	218:297	Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are divided into neuraminidase (NA)-sensitive and NA-insensitive strains depending upon their binding affinity to the VP8* domain in the terminal sialic acids (SAs) of cell surface carbohydrates.
28757018	5	90	theme	G3P[3	915:919	arg1	strains					922:928	bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains	890:928	strains	922:928	However, the infectivity of bovine G6P[1] and canine G3P[3] strains was significantly reduced by α2,6-linkage inhibitor but not by α2,3-linkage blockers, demonstrating a predilection of these strains for α2,6-linked SAs.
28757018	4	91	theme	strains	718:724	arg1	Infectivity					676:686	Infectivity	676:686	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains	676:724	Infectivity of porcine G9P[7] and G9P[23] strains was markedly blocked by α2,3-linkage and α2,6-linkage inhibitors, indicating that these strains bind to both α2,3- and α2,6-linked SAs.
25296391	8	0	theme	time	1239:1242	arg1	bioactivity					1282:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	0	theme	time	1239:1242	arg1	reduction					1217:1225	reduction	1217:1225	reduction of gelation time	1217:1242	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	0	theme	time	1239:1242	arg1	release					1314:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	0	theme	time	1239:1242	arg1	properties					1265:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	4	1	theme	scaffolds	499:507	arg1	development					478:488	the development	474:488	the development of novel scaffolds	474:507	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	5	2	theme	chitosan	673:680	arg1	CNTs					690:693	chitosan grafted CNTs	673:693	chitosan grafted CNTs	673:693	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	7	3	theme	protein	1049:1055	arg1	drugs					1057:1061	protein drugs	1049:1061	protein drugs	1049:1061	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	1	4	theme	allografts	157:166	arg1	application					132:142	the application	128:142	the application of auto- and allografts	128:166	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	4	5	theme	great	611:615	arg1	interest					617:624	great interest	611:624	great interest	611:624	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	8	6	theme	gelation	1230:1237	arg1	time					1239:1242	gelation time	1230:1242	gelation time	1230:1242	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	5	7	theme	grafted	682:688	arg1	CNTs					690:693	chitosan grafted CNTs	673:693	chitosan grafted CNTs	673:693	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	7	8	theme	prolonged	1027:1035	arg1	delivery					1037:1044	the prolonged delivery	1023:1044	the prolonged delivery of protein drugs	1023:1061	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	7	9	theme	thermosensitive	923:937	arg1	gels					949:952	The thermosensitive composite gels	919:952	The thermosensitive composite gels	919:952	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	8	10	theme	CNTs	1105:1108	arg1	inclusion					1068:1076	The inclusion	1064:1076	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels	1064:1139	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	5	11	theme	glycerol	770:777	arg1	phosphate					779:787	glycerol phosphate	770:787	glycerol phosphate	770:787	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	4	12	theme	stimuli-responsive	510:527	arg1	gels					529:532	stimuli-responsive gels	510:532	stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers	510:594	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	8	13	theme	HA	1114:1115	arg1	inclusion					1068:1076	The inclusion	1064:1076	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels	1064:1139	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	6	14	theme	sol/gel	855:861	arg1	transition					863:872	a faster sol/gel transition	846:872	a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C	846:881	The addition of the nanofillers afforded hydrogels with a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C and enhanced mechanical properties.
25296391	7	15	theme	composite	939:947	arg1	gels					949:952	The thermosensitive composite gels	919:952	The thermosensitive composite gels	919:952	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	3	16	theme	bone	384:387	arg1	potential					371:379	the natural regenerative potential	346:379	the natural regenerative potential of bone	346:387	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
25296391	8	17	from	inclusion	1068:1076	arg1	gels					1136:1139	thermosensitive gels	1120:1139	thermosensitive gels	1120:1139	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	5	18	theme	present	634:640	arg1	work					642:645	the present work	630:645	the present work	630:645	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	1	19	theme	significant	67:77	arg1	defects					84:90	significant bone defects	67:90	significant bone defects	67:90	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	3	20	theme	regenerative	358:369	arg1	potential					371:379	the natural regenerative potential	346:379	the natural regenerative potential of bone	346:387	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
25296391	8	21	theme	thermosensitive	1120:1134	arg1	gels					1136:1139	thermosensitive gels	1120:1139	thermosensitive gels	1120:1139	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	6	22	theme	faster	848:853	arg1	transition					863:872	a faster sol/gel transition	846:872	a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C	846:881	The addition of the nanofillers afforded hydrogels with a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C and enhanced mechanical properties.
25296391	1	23	theme	bone	79:82	arg1	defects					84:90	significant bone defects	67:90	significant bone defects	67:90	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	8	24	theme	mechanical	1254:1263	arg1	properties					1265:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	4	25	theme	novel	493:497	arg1	scaffolds					499:507	novel scaffolds	493:507	novel scaffolds	493:507	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	5	26	contain	containing	662:671	arg1	gels					657:660	chitosan gels	648:660	chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex	648:729	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	5	26	contain	containing	662:671	arg2	CNTs					690:693	chitosan grafted CNTs	673:693	chitosan grafted CNTs	673:693	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	5	26	contain	containing	662:671	arg2	complex					723:729	chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex	699:729	chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex	699:729	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	1	27	theme	defects	84:90	arg1	treatments					53:62	Clinical treatments	44:62	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects	44:90	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	8	28	theme	good	1277:1280	arg1	bioactivity					1282:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	29	theme	enhanced	1186:1193	arg1	properties					1195:1204	enhanced properties	1186:1204	enhanced properties	1186:1204	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	3	30	theme	invasive	425:432	arg1	manner					434:439	a less invasive manner	418:439	a less invasive manner	418:439	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
25296391	1	31	theme	invasive	100:107	arg1	application					132:142	the application	128:142	the application of auto- and allografts	128:166	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	1	31	theme	invasive	100:107	arg1	procedures					109:118	invasive procedures	100:118	invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts	100:166	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	8	32	theme	cross-linked	1092:1103	arg1	CNTs					1105:1108	chemically cross-linked CNTs	1081:1108	chemically cross-linked CNTs	1081:1108	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	0	33	theme	bone	25:28	arg1	regeneration					30:41	bone regeneration	25:41	bone regeneration	25:41	Injectable scaffolds for bone regeneration.
25296391	8	34	theme	composite	1161:1169	arg1	materials					1171:1179	injectable composite materials	1150:1179	injectable composite materials	1150:1179	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	34	theme	composite	1161:1169	arg1	bioactivity					1282:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	34	theme	composite	1161:1169	arg1	reduction					1217:1225	reduction	1217:1225	reduction of gelation time	1217:1242	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	34	theme	composite	1161:1169	arg1	properties					1265:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	34	theme	composite	1161:1169	arg1	release					1314:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	35	theme	prolonged	1299:1307	arg1	release					1314:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	5	36	with	cross-linking	751:763	arg1	phosphate					779:787	glycerol phosphate	770:787	glycerol phosphate	770:787	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	4	37	contain	containing	534:543	arg2	nanofillers					584:594	nanofillers	584:594	nanofillers	584:594	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	4	37	contain	containing	534:543	arg2	nanotubes					571:579	hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes	545:579	hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes	545:579	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	4	37	contain	containing	534:543	arg1	gels					529:532	stimuli-responsive gels	510:532	stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers	510:594	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	2	38	theme	many	194:197	arg1	limitations					199:209	many limitations	194:209	many limitations including the potential for infection and rejection	194:261	These procedures present many limitations including the potential for infection and rejection.
25296391	2	38	theme	many	194:197	arg1	potential					225:233	the potential	221:233	the potential for infection and rejection	221:261	These procedures present many limitations including the potential for infection and rejection.
25296391	8	39	with	materials	1171:1179	arg1	properties					1195:1204	enhanced properties	1186:1204	enhanced properties	1186:1204	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	6	40	from	°C	880:881	arg1	transition					863:872	a faster sol/gel transition	846:872	a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C	846:881	The addition of the nanofillers afforded hydrogels with a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C and enhanced mechanical properties.
25296391	8	41	theme	injectable	1150:1159	arg1	materials					1171:1179	injectable composite materials	1150:1179	injectable composite materials	1150:1179	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	41	theme	injectable	1150:1159	arg1	bioactivity					1282:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	good bioactivity	1277:1292	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	41	theme	injectable	1150:1159	arg1	reduction					1217:1225	reduction	1217:1225	reduction of gelation time	1217:1242	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	41	theme	injectable	1150:1159	arg1	properties					1265:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	8	41	theme	injectable	1150:1159	arg1	release					1314:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	4	42	theme	hydroxyapatite	545:558	arg1	nanofillers					584:594	nanofillers	584:594	nanofillers	584:594	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	4	42	theme	hydroxyapatite	545:558	arg1	nanotubes					571:579	hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes	545:579	hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes	545:579	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	6	43	theme	nanofillers	810:820	arg1	addition					794:801	The addition	790:801	The addition of the nanofillers	790:820	The addition of the nanofillers afforded hydrogels with a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C and enhanced mechanical properties.
25296391	8	44	theme	improved	1245:1252	arg1	properties					1265:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	improved mechanical properties	1245:1274	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	5	45	theme	chitosan-hydroxyapatite	699:721	arg1	complex					723:729	chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex	699:729	chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex	699:729	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	6	46	theme	mechanical	896:905	arg1	properties					907:916	mechanical properties	896:916	mechanical properties	896:916	The addition of the nanofillers afforded hydrogels with a faster sol/gel transition at 37 °C and enhanced mechanical properties.
25296391	8	47	theme	drug	1309:1312	arg1	release					1314:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	prolonged drug release	1299:1320	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	4	48	theme	carbon	564:569	arg1	nanofillers					584:594	nanofillers	584:594	nanofillers	584:594	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	4	48	theme	carbon	564:569	arg1	nanotubes					571:579	hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes	545:579	hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes	545:579	Among the materials studied for the development of novel scaffolds, stimuli-responsive gels containing hydroxyapatite and carbon nanotubes as nanofillers have generated great interest.
25296391	3	49	theme	able	330:333	arg1	strategies					319:328	novel therapeutic strategies	301:328	novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner	301:439	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
25296391	5	50	theme	chitosan	648:655	arg1	gels					657:660	chitosan gels	648:660	chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex	648:729	In the present work, chitosan gels containing chitosan grafted CNTs and chitosan-hydroxyapatite complex have been formed by cross-linking with glycerol phosphate.
25296391	7	51	theme	good	968:971	arg1	profile					985:991	a good bioactivity profile	966:991	a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs	966:1061	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	3	52	theme	novel	301:305	arg1	strategies					319:328	novel therapeutic strategies	301:328	novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner	301:439	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
25296391	7	53	theme	bioactivity	973:983	arg1	profile					985:991	a good bioactivity profile	966:991	a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs	966:1061	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	3	54	theme	therapeutic	307:317	arg1	strategies					319:328	novel therapeutic strategies	301:328	novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner	301:439	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
25296391	7	55	theme	drugs	1057:1061	arg1	delivery					1037:1044	the prolonged delivery	1023:1044	the prolonged delivery of protein drugs	1023:1061	The thermosensitive composite gels also showed a good bioactivity profile associated with potential for the prolonged delivery of protein drugs.
25296391	1	56	theme	Clinical	44:51	arg1	treatments					53:62	Clinical treatments	44:62	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects	44:90	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	1	57	theme	auto-	147:151	arg1	application					132:142	the application	128:142	the application of auto- and allografts	128:166	Clinical treatments of significant bone defects involve invasive procedures such as the application of auto- and allografts.
25296391	8	58	link	cross-linked	1092:1103	arg1	CNTs					1105:1108	chemically cross-linked CNTs	1081:1108	chemically cross-linked CNTs	1081:1108	The inclusion of chemically cross-linked CNTs and HA in thermosensitive gels afforded injectable composite materials with enhanced properties, including reduction of gelation time, improved mechanical properties, good bioactivity, and prolonged drug release.
25296391	3	59	theme	natural	350:356	arg1	potential					371:379	the natural regenerative potential	346:379	the natural regenerative potential of bone	346:387	There is therefore a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies able to exploit the natural regenerative potential of bone and that can be delivered in a less invasive manner.
26799457	3	0	theme	elevated	285:292	arg1	environment					303:313	an elevated alkaline environment	282:313	an elevated alkaline environment	282:313	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	4	1	theme	point-of-care	457:469	arg1	patches					397:403	dermal patches	390:403	dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement	390:440	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	4	1	theme	point-of-care	457:469	arg1	systems					471:477	point-of-care systems	457:477	point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process	457:536	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	5	2	theme	long-term	610:618	arg1	monitoring					620:629	long-term monitoring	610:629	long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition	610:658	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	6	3	theme	mesoporous	696:705	arg1	microparticles					707:720	mesoporous microparticles	696:720	mesoporous microparticles	696:720	pH-responsive dyes are loaded into mesoporous microparticles and incorporated into hydrogel fibers using a microfluidic spinning system.
26799457	11	4	theme	quantitative	1294:1305	arg1	map					1310:1312	a quantitative pH map	1292:1312	a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue	1292:1361	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	3	5	theme	alkaline	294:301	arg1	environment					303:313	an elevated alkaline environment	282:313	an elevated alkaline environment	282:313	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	6	6	theme	microfluidic	768:779	arg1	system					790:795	a microfluidic spinning system	766:795	a microfluidic spinning system	766:795	pH-responsive dyes are loaded into mesoporous microparticles and incorporated into hydrogel fibers using a microfluidic spinning system.
26799457	9	7	used	used	1042:1045	arg2	scalable					1022:1029	scalable	1022:1029	scalable	1022:1029	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
26799457	9	7	used	used	1042:1045	arg2	technique					1009:1017	The suggested technique	995:1017	The suggested technique	995:1017	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
26799457	10	8	theme	readout	1249:1255	arg1	on-site					1257:1263	convenient readout on-site	1238:1263	convenient readout on-site	1238:1263	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	11	9	theme	pH	1307:1308	arg1	map					1310:1312	a quantitative pH map	1292:1312	a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue	1292:1361	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	1	10	theme	Epidermal	64:72	arg1	pH					74:75	Epidermal pH	64:75	Epidermal pH	64:75	Epidermal pH is an indication of the skin's physiological condition.
26799457	1	10	theme	Epidermal	64:72	arg1	indication					83:92	an indication	80:92	an indication of the skin's physiological condition	80:130	Epidermal pH is an indication of the skin's physiological condition.
26799457	10	11	theme	convenient	1238:1247	arg1	on-site					1257:1263	convenient readout on-site	1238:1263	convenient readout on-site	1238:1263	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	10	12	theme	fibers	1153:1158	arg1	Images					1128:1133	Images	1128:1133	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement	1128:1190	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	5	13	theme	epidermal	634:642	arg1	condition					650:658	epidermal wound condition	634:658	epidermal wound condition	634:658	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	7	14	theme	conformal	867:875	arg1	contact					877:883	conformal contact	867:883	conformal contact with skin	867:893	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers are flexible and can create conformal contact with skin.
26799457	9	15	theme	relevant	1107:1114	arg1	dimensions					1116:1125	clinically relevant dimensions	1096:1125	clinically relevant dimensions	1096:1125	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
26799457	7	16	theme	pH-responsive	813:825	arg1	flexible					843:850	flexible	843:850	flexible	843:850	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers are flexible and can create conformal contact with skin.
26799457	7	16	theme	pH-responsive	813:825	arg1	microfibers					827:837	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers	798:837	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers	798:837	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers are flexible and can create conformal contact with skin.
26799457	3	17	theme	healing	322:328	arg1	process					330:336	healing process	322:336	healing process	322:336	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	12	18	theme	healing	1468:1474	arg1	process					1476:1482	the wound healing process	1458:1482	the wound healing process	1458:1482	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	4	19	used	used	449:452	arg2	systems					471:477	point-of-care systems	457:477	point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process	457:536	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	4	19	used	used	449:452	arg2	patches					397:403	dermal patches	390:403	dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement	390:440	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	9	20	theme	suggested	999:1007	arg1	technique					1009:1017	The suggested technique	995:1017	The suggested technique	995:1017	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
26799457	9	20	theme	suggested	999:1007	arg1	scalable					1022:1029	scalable	1022:1029	scalable	1022:1029	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
26799457	4	21	theme	measurement	430:440	arg1	capable					405:411	capable	405:411	capable	405:411	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	0	22	theme	pH-Sensing	9:18	arg1	Fibers					29:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers	0:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers	0:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers for Epidermal Applications.
26799457	12	23	theme	wound	1462:1466	arg1	process					1476:1482	the wound healing process	1458:1482	the wound healing process	1458:1482	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	11	24	theme	fibers	1330:1335	arg1	map					1310:1312	a quantitative pH map	1292:1312	a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue	1292:1361	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	6	25	theme	spinning	781:788	arg1	system					790:795	a microfluidic spinning system	766:795	a microfluidic spinning system	766:795	pH-responsive dyes are loaded into mesoporous microparticles and incorporated into hydrogel fibers using a microfluidic spinning system.
26799457	3	26	contain	have	277:280	arg1	wounds					257:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds	238:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds	238:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	3	26	contain	have	277:280	arg2	environment					303:313	an elevated alkaline environment	282:313	an elevated alkaline environment	282:313	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	0	27	theme	Flexible	0:7	arg1	Fibers					29:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers	0:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers	0:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers for Epidermal Applications.
26799457	4	28	theme	healing	522:528	arg1	process					530:536	the wound healing process	512:536	the wound healing process	512:536	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	8	29	with	response	900:907	arg1	compositions					947:958	different compositions	937:958	different compositions	937:958	The response of pH-sensitive fibers with different compositions and thicknesses are characterized.
26799457	8	29	with	response	900:907	arg1	thicknesses					964:974	thicknesses	964:974	thicknesses	964:974	The response of pH-sensitive fibers with different compositions and thicknesses are characterized.
26799457	5	30	theme	pH-responsive	545:557	arg1	fibers					568:573	pH-responsive hydrogel fibers	545:573	pH-responsive hydrogel fibers	545:573	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	6	31	theme	pH-responsive	661:673	arg1	dyes					675:678	pH-responsive dyes	661:678	pH-responsive dyes	661:678	pH-responsive dyes are loaded into mesoporous microparticles and incorporated into hydrogel fibers using a microfluidic spinning system.
26799457	11	32	theme	hydrogel	1321:1328	arg1	fibers					1330:1335	the hydrogel fibers	1317:1335	the hydrogel fibers	1317:1335	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	11	33	theme	tissue	1356:1361	arg1	map					1310:1312	a quantitative pH map	1292:1312	a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue	1292:1361	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	4	34	theme	wound	516:520	arg1	healing					522:528	the wound healing	512:528	the wound healing process	512:536	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	11	35	theme	image	1274:1278	arg1	processing					1280:1289	image processing	1274:1289	image processing	1274:1289	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	5	36	theme	hydrogel	559:566	arg1	fibers					568:573	pH-responsive hydrogel fibers	545:573	pH-responsive hydrogel fibers	545:573	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	0	37	theme	Hydrogel	20:27	arg1	Fibers					29:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers	0:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers	0:34	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers for Epidermal Applications.
26799457	10	38	theme	real-time	1167:1175	arg1	measurement					1180:1190	real-time pH measurement	1167:1190	real-time pH measurement	1167:1190	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	4	39	theme	continuous	416:425	arg1	measurement					430:440	continuous pH measurement	416:440	continuous pH measurement	416:440	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	8	40	theme	fibers	925:930	arg1	response					900:907	The response	896:907	The response of pH-sensitive fibers with different compositions and thicknesses	896:974	The response of pH-sensitive fibers with different compositions and thicknesses are characterized.
26799457	0	41	theme	Epidermal	40:48	arg1	Applications					50:61	Epidermal Applications	40:61	Epidermal Applications	40:61	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers for Epidermal Applications.
26799457	3	42	theme	Chronic	238:244	arg1	wounds					257:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds	238:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds	238:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	2	43	theme	bacterial	212:220	arg1	angiogenesis					179:190	angiogenesis	179:190	angiogenesis	179:190	For example, pH of wound can be correlated to angiogenesis, protease activity, bacterial infection, etc.
26799457	2	43	theme	bacterial	212:220	arg1	infection					222:230	bacterial infection	212:230	bacterial infection	212:230	For example, pH of wound can be correlated to angiogenesis, protease activity, bacterial infection, etc.
26799457	8	44	theme	pH-sensitive	912:923	arg1	fibers					925:930	pH-sensitive fibers	912:930	pH-sensitive fibers	912:930	The response of pH-sensitive fibers with different compositions and thicknesses are characterized.
26799457	3	45	theme	nonhealing	246:255	arg1	wounds					257:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds	238:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds	238:262	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	2	46	theme	wound	152:156	arg1	pH					146:147	pH	146:147	pH of wound	146:156	For example, pH of wound can be correlated to angiogenesis, protease activity, bacterial infection, etc.
26799457	10	47	theme	pH	1177:1178	arg1	measurement					1180:1190	real-time pH measurement	1167:1190	real-time pH measurement	1167:1190	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	8	48	theme	different	937:945	arg1	compositions					947:958	different compositions	937:958	different compositions	937:958	The response of pH-sensitive fibers with different compositions and thicknesses are characterized.
26799457	3	49	theme	acidic	364:369	arg1	environment					371:381	an acidic environment	361:381	an acidic environment	361:381	Chronic nonhealing wounds are known to have an elevated alkaline environment, while healing process occurs more readily in an acidic environment.
26799457	4	50	theme	skin	494:497	arg1	disorder					499:506	skin disorder	494:506	skin disorder	494:506	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	5	51	theme	wound	644:648	arg1	condition					650:658	epidermal wound condition	634:658	epidermal wound condition	634:658	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	4	52	theme	pH	427:428	arg1	measurement					430:440	continuous pH measurement	416:440	continuous pH measurement	416:440	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	12	53	theme	skin	1395:1398	arg1	dressing					1400:1407	The developed skin dressing	1381:1407	The developed skin dressing	1381:1407	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	12	53	theme	skin	1395:1398	arg1	device					1436:1441	a point-of-care device	1420:1441	a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process	1420:1482	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	11	54	theme	underlying	1345:1354	arg1	tissue					1356:1361	the underlying tissue	1341:1361	the underlying tissue	1341:1361	Through image processing, a quantitative pH map of the hydrogel fibers and the underlying tissue can be extracted.
26799457	12	55	theme	developed	1385:1393	arg1	dressing					1400:1407	The developed skin dressing	1381:1407	The developed skin dressing	1381:1407	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	12	55	theme	developed	1385:1393	arg1	device					1436:1441	a point-of-care device	1420:1441	a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process	1420:1482	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	5	56	theme	condition	650:658	arg1	monitoring					620:629	long-term monitoring	610:629	long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition	610:658	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	4	57	theme	dermal	390:395	arg1	patches					397:403	dermal patches	390:403	dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement	390:440	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	4	57	theme	dermal	390:395	arg1	systems					471:477	point-of-care systems	457:477	point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process	457:536	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	2	58	theme	protease	193:200	arg1	angiogenesis					179:190	angiogenesis	179:190	angiogenesis	179:190	For example, pH of wound can be correlated to angiogenesis, protease activity, bacterial infection, etc.
26799457	2	58	theme	protease	193:200	arg1	activity					202:209	protease activity	193:209	protease activity	193:209	For example, pH of wound can be correlated to angiogenesis, protease activity, bacterial infection, etc.
26799457	6	59	theme	hydrogel	744:751	arg1	fibers					753:758	hydrogel fibers	744:758	hydrogel fibers using a microfluidic spinning system	744:795	pH-responsive dyes are loaded into mesoporous microparticles and incorporated into hydrogel fibers using a microfluidic spinning system.
26799457	1	60	theme	physiological	108:120	arg1	condition					122:130	the skin's physiological condition	97:130	the skin's physiological condition	97:130	Epidermal pH is an indication of the skin's physiological condition.
26799457	7	61	theme	fabricated	802:811	arg1	flexible					843:850	flexible	843:850	flexible	843:850	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers are flexible and can create conformal contact with skin.
26799457	7	61	theme	fabricated	802:811	arg1	microfibers					827:837	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers	798:837	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers	798:837	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers are flexible and can create conformal contact with skin.
26799457	0	62	dep	Fibers	29:34	arg1	Applications					50:61	Epidermal Applications	40:61	Epidermal Applications	40:61	Flexible pH-Sensing Hydrogel Fibers for Epidermal Applications.
26799457	10	63	theme	pH-sensing	1142:1151	arg1	fibers					1153:1158	the pH-sensing fibers	1138:1158	the pH-sensing fibers	1138:1158	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	4	64	theme	capable	405:411	arg1	patches					397:403	dermal patches	390:403	dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement	390:440	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	4	64	theme	capable	405:411	arg1	systems					471:477	point-of-care systems	457:477	point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process	457:536	Thus, dermal patches capable of continuous pH measurement can be used as point-of-care systems for monitoring skin disorder and the wound healing process.
26799457	12	65	theme	point-of-care	1422:1434	arg1	dressing					1400:1407	The developed skin dressing	1381:1407	The developed skin dressing	1381:1407	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	12	65	theme	point-of-care	1422:1434	arg1	device					1436:1441	a point-of-care device	1420:1441	a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process	1420:1482	The developed skin dressing can act as a point-of-care device for monitoring the wound healing process.
26799457	10	66	theme	phone	1221:1225	arg1	camera					1227:1232	a smart phone camera	1213:1232	a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site	1213:1263	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	7	67	with	contact	877:883	arg1	skin					890:893	skin	890:893	skin	890:893	The fabricated pH-responsive microfibers are flexible and can create conformal contact with skin.
26799457	9	68	theme	hydrogel-based	1060:1073	arg1	dressings					1081:1089	hydrogel-based wound dressings	1060:1089	hydrogel-based wound dressings	1060:1089	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
26799457	10	69	theme	smart	1215:1219	arg1	camera					1227:1232	a smart phone camera	1213:1232	a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site	1213:1263	Images of the pH-sensing fibers during real-time pH measurement can be captured with a smart phone camera for convenient readout on-site.
26799457	5	70	used	used	601:604	arg2	that					589:592	that	589:592	that	589:592	Here, pH-responsive hydrogel fibers are presented that can be used for long-term monitoring of epidermal wound condition.
26799457	9	71	theme	wound	1075:1079	arg1	dressings					1081:1089	hydrogel-based wound dressings	1060:1089	hydrogel-based wound dressings	1060:1089	The suggested technique is scalable and can be used to fabricate hydrogel-based wound dressings with clinically relevant dimensions.
25915796	3	0	theme	existing	351:358	arg1	models					371:376	existing 3D culture models	351:376	existing 3D culture models	351:376	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	7	1	theme	ultrasoft	1142:1150	arg1	hydrogels					1152:1160	ultrasoft hydrogels	1142:1160	ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1142:1224	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	6	2	theme	extensive	928:936	arg1	formation					938:946	extensive formation	928:946	extensive formation of axons and dendrites	928:969	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	2	3	dep	Three-dimensional	205:221	arg1	3D					224:225	3D	224:225	3D	224:225	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are therefore being explored as they better mimic the features of the native extracellular matrix.
25915796	3	4	theme	3D	360:361	arg1	models					371:376	existing 3D culture models	351:376	existing 3D culture models	351:376	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	6	5	theme	dendrites	961:969	arg1	viability					917:925	excellent viability	907:925	excellent viability	907:925	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	5	theme	dendrites	961:969	arg1	formation					938:946	extensive formation	928:946	extensive formation of axons and dendrites	928:969	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	5	theme	dendrites	961:969	arg1	activity					986:993	long-term activity	976:993	long-term activity	976:993	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	5	6	theme	macromer	727:734	arg1	w/v					754:756	0.1-0.4% w/v	745:756	0.1-0.4% w/v	745:756	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	5	6	theme	macromer	727:734	arg1	content					736:742	the macromer content	723:742	the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v)	723:757	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	1	7	theme	surroundings	191:202	arg1	properties					171:180	the mechanical properties	156:180	the mechanical properties of their surroundings	156:202	Neuron development and function are exquisitely sensitive to the mechanical properties of their surroundings.
25915796	3	8	theme	defined	393:399	arg1	composition					401:411	poorly defined composition	386:411	poorly defined composition	386:411	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	6	9	theme	%	880:880	arg1	CaCl2					893:897	10 mM CaCl2	887:897	10 mM CaCl2	887:897	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	9	theme	%	880:880	arg1	w/v					882:884	0.1% w/v	877:884	0.1% w/v	877:884	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	2	10	theme	extracellular	314:326	arg1	matrix					328:333	the native extracellular matrix	303:333	the native extracellular matrix	303:333	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are therefore being explored as they better mimic the features of the native extracellular matrix.
25915796	6	11	theme	Dissociated	784:794	arg1	neurons					819:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons	784:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2)	784:898	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	7	12	from	material	1106:1113	arg1	conclusion					1032:1041	conclusion	1032:1041	conclusion	1032:1041	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	7	13	theme	networks	1217:1224	arg1	formation					1170:1178	the formation	1166:1178	the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1166:1224	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	6	14	theme	axons	951:955	arg1	viability					917:925	excellent viability	907:925	excellent viability	907:925	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	14	theme	axons	951:955	arg1	formation					938:946	extensive formation	928:946	extensive formation of axons and dendrites	928:969	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	14	theme	axons	951:955	arg1	activity					986:993	long-term activity	976:993	long-term activity	976:993	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	15	theme	0.1	877:879	arg1	%					880:880	%	880:880	%	880:880	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	2	16	theme	native	307:312	arg1	matrix					328:333	the native extracellular matrix	303:333	the native extracellular matrix	303:333	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are therefore being explored as they better mimic the features of the native extracellular matrix.
25915796	7	17	used	used	1129:1132	arg2	material					1106:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	7	17	used	used	1129:1132	arg2	alginate					1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	1	18	theme	Neuron	95:100	arg1	development					102:112	Neuron development	95:112	Neuron development	95:112	Neuron development and function are exquisitely sensitive to the mechanical properties of their surroundings.
25915796	8	19	theme	important	1261:1269	arg1	applications					1271:1282	important applications	1261:1282	important applications	1261:1282	This 3D culture system could have important applications in neuropharmacology, toxicology, and regenerative medicine.
25915796	0	20	theme	Functional	65:74	arg1	Networks					85:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels Support Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks.
25915796	8	21	theme	culture	1235:1241	arg1	system					1243:1248	This 3D culture system	1227:1248	This 3D culture system	1227:1248	This 3D culture system could have important applications in neuropharmacology, toxicology, and regenerative medicine.
25915796	5	22	theme	remarkable	651:660	arg1	range					662:666	a remarkable range	649:666	a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa)	649:692	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	7	23	theme	3D	1205:1206	arg1	networks					1217:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	6	24	dep	hydrogels	866:874	arg1	CaCl2					893:897	10 mM CaCl2	887:897	10 mM CaCl2	887:897	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	24	dep	hydrogels	866:874	arg1	w/v					882:884	0.1% w/v	877:884	0.1% w/v	877:884	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	7	25	theme	neuronal	1208:1215	arg1	networks					1217:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	0	26	theme	Alginate	10:17	arg1	Hydrogels					19:27	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels	0:27	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels	0:27	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels Support Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks.
25915796	4	27	theme	unmodified	537:546	arg1	alginate					548:555	unmodified alginate	537:555	unmodified alginate	537:555	Here we show that ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate can potently promote neuritogenesis.
25915796	8	28	contain	have	1256:1259	arg1	system					1243:1248	This 3D culture system	1227:1248	This 3D culture system	1227:1248	This 3D culture system could have important applications in neuropharmacology, toxicology, and regenerative medicine.
25915796	8	28	contain	have	1256:1259	arg2	applications					1271:1282	important applications	1261:1282	important applications	1261:1282	This 3D culture system could have important applications in neuropharmacology, toxicology, and regenerative medicine.
25915796	7	29	theme	functional	1194:1203	arg1	networks					1217:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	0	30	theme	Ultrasoft	0:8	arg1	Hydrogels					19:27	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels	0:27	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels	0:27	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels Support Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks.
25915796	7	31	theme	stable	1183:1188	arg1	networks					1217:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	stable and functional 3D neuronal networks	1183:1224	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	5	32	theme	stiffness	671:679	arg1	range					662:666	a remarkable range	649:666	a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa)	649:692	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	3	33	theme	rapid	414:418	arg1	degradation					420:430	rapid degradation	414:430	rapid degradation	414:430	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	6	34	theme	calcium	1012:1018	arg1	imaging					1020:1026	calcium imaging	1012:1026	calcium imaging	1012:1026	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	4	35	theme	cross-linked	494:505	arg1	hydrogels					517:525	ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels	484:525	ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate	484:555	Here we show that ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate can potently promote neuritogenesis.
25915796	2	36	theme	matrix	328:333	arg1	features					291:298	the features	287:298	the features of the native extracellular matrix	287:333	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are therefore being explored as they better mimic the features of the native extracellular matrix.
25915796	0	37	theme	Three-Dimensional	47:63	arg1	Networks					85:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels Support Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks.
25915796	0	38	theme	Long-Term	37:45	arg1	Networks					85:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels Support Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks.
25915796	7	39	theme	inexpensive	1094:1104	arg1	alginate					1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	7	39	theme	inexpensive	1094:1104	arg1	material					1106:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	2	40	theme	Three-dimensional	205:221	arg1	cultures					228:235	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures	205:235	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures	205:235	Three-dimensional (3D) cultures are therefore being explored as they better mimic the features of the native extracellular matrix.
25915796	7	41	theme	off-the-shelf	1059:1071	arg1	alginate					1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	7	41	theme	off-the-shelf	1059:1071	arg1	material					1106:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	6	42	theme	embryonic	800:808	arg1	neurons					819:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons	784:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2)	784:898	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	0	43	theme	Neuronal	76:83	arg1	Networks					85:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks	37:92	Ultrasoft Alginate Hydrogels Support Long-Term Three-Dimensional Functional Neuronal Networks.
25915796	8	44	theme	3D	1232:1233	arg1	system					1243:1248	This 3D culture system	1227:1248	This 3D culture system	1227:1248	This 3D culture system could have important applications in neuropharmacology, toxicology, and regenerative medicine.
25915796	4	45	theme	ultrasoft	507:515	arg1	hydrogels					517:525	ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels	484:525	ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate	484:555	Here we show that ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate can potently promote neuritogenesis.
25915796	8	46	theme	regenerative	1322:1333	arg1	medicine					1335:1342	regenerative medicine	1322:1342	regenerative medicine	1322:1342	This 3D culture system could have important applications in neuropharmacology, toxicology, and regenerative medicine.
25915796	3	47	theme	suboptimal	437:446	arg1	biocompatibility					448:463	suboptimal biocompatibility	437:463	suboptimal biocompatibility	437:463	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	5	48	theme	%	752:752	arg1	w/v					754:756	0.1-0.4% w/v	745:756	0.1-0.4% w/v	745:756	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	5	48	theme	%	752:752	arg1	content					736:742	the macromer content	723:742	the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v)	723:757	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	6	49	theme	excellent	907:915	arg1	viability					917:925	excellent viability	907:925	excellent viability	907:925	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	50	theme	long-term	976:984	arg1	activity					986:993	long-term activity	976:993	long-term activity	976:993	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	7	51	theme	easy	1074:1077	arg1	alginate					1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	alginate	1044:1051	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	7	51	theme	easy	1074:1077	arg1	material					1106:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material	1056:1113	In conclusion, alginate is an off-the-shelf, easy to handle, and inexpensive material, which can be used to make ultrasoft hydrogels for the formation of stable and functional 3D neuronal networks.
25915796	6	52	theme	hydrogels	866:874	arg1	softest					851:857	the softest	847:857	the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2)	847:898	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	53	theme	10 mM	887:891	arg1	CaCl2					893:897	10 mM CaCl2	887:897	10 mM CaCl2	887:897	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	53	theme	10 mM	887:891	arg1	w/v					882:884	0.1% w/v	877:884	0.1% w/v	877:884	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	6	54	theme	cortical	810:817	arg1	neurons					819:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons	784:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2)	784:898	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	1	55	theme	mechanical	160:169	arg1	properties					171:180	the mechanical properties	156:180	the mechanical properties of their surroundings	156:202	Neuron development and function are exquisitely sensitive to the mechanical properties of their surroundings.
25915796	3	56	theme	culture	363:369	arg1	models					371:376	existing 3D culture models	351:376	existing 3D culture models	351:376	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	5	57	theme	Alginate	594:601	arg1	hydrogels					603:611	Alginate hydrogels	594:611	Alginate hydrogels	594:611	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
25915796	4	58	link	cross-linked	494:505	arg1	hydrogels					517:525	ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels	484:525	ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate	484:555	Here we show that ionically cross-linked ultrasoft hydrogels made from unmodified alginate can potently promote neuritogenesis.
25915796	3	59	theme	models	371:376	arg1	Limitations					336:346	Limitations	336:346	Limitations of existing 3D culture models	336:376	Limitations of existing 3D culture models include poorly defined composition, rapid degradation, and suboptimal biocompatibility.
25915796	6	60	theme	rat	796:798	arg1	neurons					819:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons	784:825	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2)	784:898	Dissociated rat embryonic cortical neurons encapsulated within the softest of the hydrogels (0.1% w/v, 10 mM CaCl2) showed excellent viability, extensive formation of axons and dendrites, and long-term activity as determined by calcium imaging.
25915796	5	61	dep	content	736:742	arg1	concentration					769:781	concentration	769:781	concentration	769:781	Alginate hydrogels were characterized mechanically and a remarkable range of stiffness (10-4000 Pa) could be produced by varying the macromer content (0.1-0.4% w/v) and CaCl2 concentration.
24893853	7	0	theme	great	1288:1292	arg1	benefit					1294:1300	great benefit	1288:1300	great benefit to the potato starch industry	1288:1330	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	5	1	theme	rough	941:945	arg1	surface					947:953	a rough surface	939:953	a rough surface	939:953	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	2	with	granules	925:932	arg1	stability					1070:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	2	with	granules	925:932	arg1	increase					966:973	a twofold increase	956:973	a twofold increase in median granule size	956:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	2	with	granules	925:932	arg1	digestibility					1124:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	2	with	granules	925:932	arg1	properties					1028:1037	altered physico-chemical properties	1003:1037	altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility	1003:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	2	with	granules	925:932	arg1	surface					947:953	a rough surface	939:953	a rough surface	939:953	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	2	with	granules	925:932	arg1	viscosity					1092:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	3	theme	potato	1309:1314	arg1	industry					1323:1330	the potato starch industry	1305:1330	the potato starch industry	1305:1330	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	4	4	theme	starch	806:811	arg1	applications					813:824	starch applications	806:824	starch applications	806:824	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	1	5	theme	freeze-thaw	252:262	arg1	stability					264:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	0	6	theme	starch	63:68	arg1	granules					70:77	larger starch granules	56:77	larger starch granules with novel properties	56:99	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	0	7	with	granules	70:77	arg1	properties					90:99	novel properties	84:99	novel properties	84:99	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	1	8	theme	larger	151:156	arg1	stability					264:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	8	theme	larger	151:156	arg1	digestibility					318:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	8	theme	larger	151:156	arg1	granules					165:172	larger starch granules	151:172	larger starch granules	151:172	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	8	theme	larger	151:156	arg1	viscosity					286:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	0	9	theme	novel	84:88	arg1	properties					90:99	novel properties	84:99	novel properties	84:99	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	0	10	from	Expression	0:9	arg1	potato					38:43	potato	38:43	potato	38:43	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	3	11	theme	post-harvest	558:569	arg1	obsolete					584:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	5	12	from	Expression	827:836	arg1	potato					899:904	the amylose-containing potato	876:904	the amylose-containing potato	876:904	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	4	13	from	polysaccharea	625:637	arg1	amylosucrase					597:608	An amylosucrase	594:608	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD)	594:676	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	5	14	theme	physico-chemical	1011:1026	arg1	stability					1070:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	14	theme	physico-chemical	1011:1026	arg1	viscosity					1092:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	14	theme	physico-chemical	1011:1026	arg1	digestibility					1124:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	14	theme	physico-chemical	1011:1026	arg1	properties					1028:1037	altered physico-chemical properties	1003:1037	altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility	1003:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	15	theme	starch	1316:1321	arg1	industry					1323:1330	the potato starch industry	1305:1330	the potato starch industry	1305:1330	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	3	16	theme	modification	571:582	arg1	obsolete					584:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	1	17	theme	higher	275:280	arg1	viscosity					286:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	18	theme	due	1449:1451	arg1	food					1444:1447	frozen food	1437:1447	frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1437:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	5	19	theme	fusion	858:863	arg1	protein					865:871	SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein	841:871	SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein	841:871	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	20	theme	freeze-thaw	1475:1485	arg1	stability					1487:1495	its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1456:1495	its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1456:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	21	theme	food	1411:1414	arg1	applications					1416:1427	many food applications	1406:1427	many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1406:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	21	theme	food	1411:1414	arg1	food					1444:1447	frozen food	1437:1447	frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1437:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	1	22	theme	starch	158:163	arg1	stability					264:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	22	theme	starch	158:163	arg1	digestibility					318:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	22	theme	starch	158:163	arg1	granules					165:172	larger starch granules	151:172	larger starch granules	151:172	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	22	theme	starch	158:163	arg1	viscosity					286:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	3	23	theme	starch	439:444	arg1	modification					423:434	modification	423:434	modification of starch by genetic engineering	423:467	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	2	24	from	carbohydrate	360:371	arg1	applications					399:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	Starch is a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications.
24893853	3	25	theme	physical	549:556	arg1	obsolete					584:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	2	26	theme	non-food	390:397	arg1	applications					399:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	Starch is a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications.
24893853	4	27	theme	Neisseria	615:623	arg1	polysaccharea					625:637	Neisseria polysaccharea	615:637	Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD)	615:676	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	5	28	theme	granule	985:991	arg1	size					993:996	median granule size	978:996	median granule size	978:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	29	theme	modified	1249:1256	arg1	starches					1265:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	4	30	theme	potato	700:705	arg1	backgrounds					715:725	two potato genetic backgrounds	696:725	two potato genetic backgrounds	696:725	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	5	31	theme	protein	865:871	arg1	Expression					827:836	Expression	827:836	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato	827:904	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	32	theme	end	282:284	arg1	viscosity					286:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	higher end viscosity	275:294	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	33	from	Expression	102:111	arg1	potato					132:137	potato	132:137	potato	132:137	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	6	34	theme	starch	1228:1233	arg1	granules					1235:1242	starch granules	1228:1242	starch granules	1228:1242	These effects are possibly a result of the physical interaction between amylosucrase and starch granules.
24893853	1	35	theme	rough	179:183	arg1	surfaces					185:192	rough surfaces	179:192	rough surfaces	179:192	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	0	36	theme	amylosucrase	17:28	arg1	gene					30:33	an amylosucrase gene	14:33	an amylosucrase gene	14:33	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	5	37	theme	median	978:983	arg1	size					993:996	median granule size	978:996	median granule size	978:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	3	38	theme	significant	473:483	arg1	benefits					512:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	7	39	theme	high	1470:1473	arg1	stability					1487:1495	its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1456:1495	its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1456:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	3	40	contain	has	469:471	arg2	benefits					512:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	3	40	contain	has	469:471	arg1	modification					423:434	modification	423:434	modification of starch by genetic engineering	423:467	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	2	41	theme	important	350:358	arg1	carbohydrate					360:371	a very important carbohydrate	343:371	a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications	343:410	Starch is a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications.
24893853	2	41	theme	important	350:358	arg1	Starch					333:338	Starch	333:338	Starch	333:338	Starch is a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications.
24893853	3	42	theme	economic	485:492	arg1	benefits					512:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	5	43	theme	altered	1003:1009	arg1	stability					1070:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	43	theme	altered	1003:1009	arg1	viscosity					1092:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	43	theme	altered	1003:1009	arg1	digestibility					1124:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	43	theme	altered	1003:1009	arg1	properties					1028:1037	altered physico-chemical properties	1003:1037	altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility	1003:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	6	44	theme	interaction	1191:1201	arg1	result					1168:1173	a result	1166:1173	a result of the physical interaction between amylosucrase and starch granules	1166:1242	These effects are possibly a result of the physical interaction between amylosucrase and starch granules.
24893853	6	44	theme	interaction	1191:1201	arg1	effects					1145:1151	These effects	1139:1151	These effects	1139:1151	These effects are possibly a result of the physical interaction between amylosucrase and starch granules.
24893853	5	45	theme	higher	1081:1086	arg1	viscosity					1092:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	2	46	theme	food	381:384	arg1	applications					399:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	Starch is a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications.
24893853	1	47	theme	novel	198:202	arg1	properties					221:230	novel physico-chemical properties	198:230	novel physico-chemical properties	198:230	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	0	48	theme	gene	30:33	arg1	Expression					0:9	Expression	0:9	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato	0:43	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	1	49	theme	better	301:306	arg1	digestibility					318:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	50	theme	starch	1358:1363	arg1	isolation					1365:1373	starch isolation	1358:1373	starch isolation	1358:1373	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	5	51	theme	end	1088:1090	arg1	viscosity					1092:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	higher end viscosity	1081:1100	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	52	theme	frozen	1437:1442	arg1	food					1444:1447	frozen food	1437:1447	frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1437:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	1	53	theme	physico-chemical	204:219	arg1	properties					221:230	novel physico-chemical properties	198:230	novel physico-chemical properties	198:230	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	54	from	surface	947:953	arg1	size					993:996	median granule size	978:996	median granule size	978:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	55	theme	enzymatic	308:316	arg1	digestibility					318:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	better enzymatic digestibility	301:330	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	6	56	theme	physical	1182:1189	arg1	interaction					1191:1201	the physical interaction	1178:1201	the physical interaction between amylosucrase and starch granules	1178:1242	These effects are possibly a result of the physical interaction between amylosucrase and starch granules.
24893853	5	57	theme	twofold	958:964	arg1	increase					966:973	a twofold increase	956:973	a twofold increase in median granule size	956:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	58	theme	SBD-amylosucrase	841:856	arg1	protein					865:871	SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein	841:871	SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein	841:871	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	59	contain	have	1385:1388	arg1	starches					1265:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	59	contain	have	1385:1388	arg2	advantage					1393:1401	an advantage	1390:1401	an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1390:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	60	contain	have	1283:1286	arg1	starches					1265:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	60	contain	have	1283:1286	arg2	benefit					1294:1300	great benefit	1288:1300	great benefit to the potato starch industry	1288:1330	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	4	61	theme	starch	741:746	arg1	granules					748:755	starch granules	741:755	starch granules	741:755	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	5	62	from	increase	966:973	arg1	size					993:996	median granule size	978:996	median granule size	978:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	7	63	theme	larger	1258:1263	arg1	starches					1265:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches	1245:1272	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	5	64	theme	better	1107:1112	arg1	digestibility					1124:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	65	theme	improved	1049:1056	arg1	stability					1070:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	4	66	theme	genetic	707:713	arg1	backgrounds					715:725	two potato genetic backgrounds	696:725	two potato genetic backgrounds	696:725	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	1	67	theme	amylosucrase	116:127	arg1	Expression					102:111	Expression	102:111	Expression of amylosucrase in potato	102:137	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	68	with	granules	165:172	arg1	properties					221:230	novel physico-chemical properties	198:230	novel physico-chemical properties	198:230	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	68	with	granules	165:172	arg1	surfaces					185:192	rough surfaces	179:192	rough surfaces	179:192	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	69	theme	enzymatic	1114:1122	arg1	digestibility					1124:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	better enzymatic digestibility	1107:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	70	theme	freeze-thaw	1058:1068	arg1	stability					1070:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	improved freeze-thaw stability	1049:1078	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	5	71	theme	starch	918:923	arg1	granules					925:932	starch granules	918:932	starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility	918:1136	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	3	72	theme	environmental	498:510	arg1	benefits					512:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	significant economic and environmental benefits	473:519	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	4	73	theme	altered	762:768	arg1	composition					770:780	altered composition	762:780	altered composition	762:780	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	0	74	theme	larger	56:61	arg1	granules					70:77	larger starch granules	56:77	larger starch granules with novel properties	56:99	Expression of an amylosucrase gene in potato results in larger starch granules with novel properties.
24893853	7	75	theme	many	1406:1409	arg1	applications					1416:1427	many food applications	1406:1427	many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1406:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	75	theme	many	1406:1409	arg1	food					1444:1447	frozen food	1437:1447	frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1437:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	5	76	theme	amylose-containing	880:897	arg1	potato					899:904	the amylose-containing potato	876:904	the amylose-containing potato	876:904	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	2	77	theme	many	376:379	arg1	applications					399:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	many food and non-food applications	376:410	Starch is a very important carbohydrate in many food and non-food applications.
24893853	3	78	theme	genetic	449:455	arg1	engineering					457:467	genetic engineering	449:467	genetic engineering	449:467	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	4	79	theme	starch-binding	650:663	arg1	SBD					673:675	SBD	673:675	SBD	673:675	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	4	79	theme	starch-binding	650:663	arg1	domain					665:670	a starch-binding domain	648:670	a starch-binding domain (SBD)	648:676	An amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea fused to a starch-binding domain (SBD) was introduced in two potato genetic backgrounds to synthesize starch granules with altered composition, and thereby to broaden starch applications.
24893853	7	80	from	advantage	1393:1401	arg1	applications					1416:1427	many food applications	1406:1427	many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1406:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	7	80	from	advantage	1393:1401	arg1	food					1444:1447	frozen food	1437:1447	frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability	1437:1495	The modified larger starches not only have great benefit to the potato starch industry by reducing losses during starch isolation, but also have an advantage in many food applications such as frozen food due to its extremely high freeze-thaw stability.
24893853	3	81	theme	chemical	537:544	arg1	obsolete					584:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete	533:591	In planta modification of starch by genetic engineering has significant economic and environmental benefits as it makes the chemical or physical post-harvest modification obsolete.
24893853	5	82	from	properties	1028:1037	arg1	size					993:996	median granule size	978:996	median granule size	978:996	Expression of SBD-amylosucrase fusion protein in the amylose-containing potato resulted in starch granules with a rough surface, a twofold increase in median granule size, and altered physico-chemical properties including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24893853	1	83	theme	improved	243:250	arg1	stability					264:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	improved freeze-thaw stability	243:272	Expression of amylosucrase in potato resulted in larger starch granules with rough surfaces and novel physico-chemical properties, including improved freeze-thaw stability, higher end viscosity, and better enzymatic digestibility.
24252369	2	0	theme	pyrolytic	418:426	arg1	yield					432:436	The pyrolytic oil yield	414:436	The pyrolytic oil yield	414:436	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	3	1	from	500°C	575:579	arg1	pyrolysis					562:570	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis	539:570	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C	539:579	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	4	2	dep	temperature	639:649	arg1	yield					719:723	the higher yield	708:723	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil	628:734	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	1	3	theme	montmorillonite	214:228	arg1	K10					230:232	montmorillonite K10	214:232	montmorillonite K10	214:232	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	0	4	theme	bio-oil	59:65	arg1	composition					44:54	the chemical composition	31:54	the chemical composition of bio-oil	31:65	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	0	5	from	effect	4:9	arg1	composition					44:54	the chemical composition	31:54	the chemical composition of bio-oil	31:65	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	5	6	from	decrease	827:834	arg1	yield					847:851	bio-oil yield	839:851	bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield	839:899	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	1	7	theme	100°C/s	370:376	arg1	rate					362:365	heating rate	354:365	heating rate of 100°C/s	354:376	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	8	theme	mixture	152:158	arg1	w/w					165:167	w/w	165:167	w/w	165:167	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	8	theme	mixture	152:158	arg1	3:1					160:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1	123:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1	123:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	3	9	theme	non-catalytic	543:555	arg1	pyrolysis					562:570	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis	539:570	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C	539:579	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	3	10	theme	highest	591:597	arg1	yield					599:603	the highest yield	587:603	the highest yield of bio-oil	587:614	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	7	11	theme	polyethylene	1120:1131	arg1	conversion					1106:1115	the deepest conversion	1094:1115	the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose	1094:1145	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture promotes the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose.
24252369	5	12	theme	gas	891:893	arg1	yield					895:899	gas yield	891:899	gas yield	891:899	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	6	13	from	influence	962:970	arg1	distribution					979:990	the distribution	975:990	the distribution of bio-oil components	975:1012	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	4	14	theme	higher	632:637	arg1	temperature					639:649	The higher temperature	628:649	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil	628:734	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	3	15	dep	gives	581:585	arg1	%					624:624	79.5 wt%	617:624	79.5 wt%	617:624	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	0	16	theme	cellulose	95:103	arg1	co-pyrolysis					79:90	co-pyrolysis	79:90	co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene	79:120	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	3	17	theme	wt	622:623	arg1	%					624:624	79.5 wt%	617:624	79.5 wt%	617:624	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	2	18	theme	catalyst	529:536	arg1	type					506:509	the type	502:509	the type	502:509	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	2	18	theme	catalyst	529:536	arg1	amount					519:524	the amount	515:524	the amount of catalyst	515:536	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	2	18	theme	catalyst	529:536	arg1	catalyst					529:536	catalyst	529:536	catalyst	529:536	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	2	18	theme	catalyst	529:536	arg1	temperature					489:499	the temperature	485:499	the temperature	485:499	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	8	19	from	present	1211:1217	arg1	bio-oils					1232:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	4	20	theme	catalytic	654:662	arg1	pyrolysis					664:672	catalytic pyrolysis	654:672	catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture	654:706	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	7	21	theme	deepest	1098:1104	arg1	conversion					1106:1115	the deepest conversion	1094:1115	the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose	1094:1145	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture promotes the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose.
24252369	3	22	theme	bio-oil	608:614	arg1	yield					599:603	the highest yield	587:603	the highest yield of bio-oil	587:614	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	4	23	theme	bio-oil	728:734	arg1	yield					719:723	the higher yield	708:723	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil	628:734	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	5	24	theme	increasing	752:761	arg1	montmorillonite					773:787	montmorillonite	773:787	montmorillonite	773:787	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	5	24	theme	increasing	752:761	arg1	amount					763:768	increasing amount	752:768	increasing amount of montmorillonite	752:787	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	1	25	from	temperatures	317:328	arg1	pyrolysis					304:312	pyrolysis	304:312	pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s	304:376	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	26	theme	high	402:405	arg1	yield					407:411	high yield	402:411	high yield	402:411	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	8	27	dep	saturated	1167:1175	arg1	unsaturated					1182:1192	unsaturated	1182:1192	unsaturated	1182:1192	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	8	28	located	present	1211:1217	arg2	hydrocarbons					1194:1205	more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons	1162:1205	more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons	1162:1205	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	8	28	located	present	1211:1217	arg1	bio-oils					1232:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	8	29	theme	saturated	1167:1175	arg1	hydrocarbons					1194:1205	more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons	1162:1205	more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons	1162:1205	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	6	30	theme	clay	918:921	arg1	catalysts					923:931	clay catalysts	918:931	clay catalysts	918:931	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	9	31	theme	liquid	1260:1265	arg1	hydrocarbons					1267:1278	liquid hydrocarbons	1260:1278	liquid hydrocarbons	1260:1278	The proportion of liquid hydrocarbons is the highest when a montmorillonite K10 is acting as a catalyst.
24252369	5	32	theme	bio-oil	839:845	arg1	yield					847:851	bio-oil yield	839:851	bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield	839:899	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	0	33	theme	clay	14:17	arg1	catalyst					19:26	clay catalyst	14:26	clay catalyst	14:26	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	1	34	theme	montmorillonite	241:255	arg1	KSF					257:259	montmorillonite KSF	241:259	montmorillonite KSF	241:259	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	0	35	theme	polyethylene	109:120	arg1	co-pyrolysis					79:90	co-pyrolysis	79:90	co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene	79:120	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	8	36	from	bio-oils	1232:1239	arg1	present					1211:1217	present	1211:1217	present	1211:1217	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	5	37	dep	significant	800:810	arg1	linear					820:825	linear	820:825	linear	820:825	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	2	38	theme	wt	468:469	arg1	%					470:470	41.3-79.5 wt%	458:470	41.3-79.5 wt%	458:470	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	1	39	dep	K10	208:210	arg1	KSF					257:259	montmorillonite KSF	241:259	montmorillonite KSF	241:259	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	39	dep	K10	208:210	arg1	K10					230:232	montmorillonite K10	214:232	montmorillonite K10	214:232	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	39	dep	K10	208:210	arg1	Bentonite					266:274	Bentonite	266:274	Bentonite	266:274	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	39	dep	K10	208:210	arg1	B					262:262	B	262:262	B	262:262	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	39	dep	K10	208:210	arg1	KSF					235:237	KSF	235:237	KSF	235:237	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	5	40	theme	significant	800:810	arg1	decrease					827:834	significant, almost linear decrease	800:834	significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield	800:899	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	6	41	theme	CPE	936:938	arg1	mixture					940:946	CPE mixture	936:946	CPE mixture	936:946	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	7	42	theme	montmorillonite	1031:1045	arg1	K10					1047:1049	montmorillonite K10	1031:1049	montmorillonite K10	1031:1049	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture promotes the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose.
24252369	3	43	theme	fast	557:560	arg1	pyrolysis					562:570	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis	539:570	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C	539:579	The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis at 500°C gives the highest yield of bio-oil (79.5 wt%).
24252369	4	44	theme	higher	712:717	arg1	yield					719:723	the higher yield	708:723	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil	628:734	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	0	45	theme	catalyst	19:26	arg1	effect					4:9	The effect	0:9	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil	0:65	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	7	46	theme	K10	1047:1049	arg1	addition					1019:1026	The addition	1015:1026	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture	1015:1083	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture promotes the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose.
24252369	8	47	theme	resultant	1222:1230	arg1	bio-oils					1232:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	1	48	theme	clay	192:195	arg1	K10					208:210	K10	208:210	K10	208:210	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	48	theme	clay	192:195	arg1	catalysts					197:205	three clay catalysts	186:205	three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition	186:284	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	0	49	theme	chemical	35:42	arg1	composition					44:54	the chemical composition	31:54	the chemical composition of bio-oil	31:65	The effect of clay catalyst on the chemical composition of bio-oil obtained by co-pyrolysis of cellulose and polyethylene.
24252369	1	50	with	bio-oil	389:395	arg1	yield					407:411	high yield	402:411	high yield	402:411	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	6	51	theme	catalysts	923:931	arg1	addition					906:913	The addition	902:913	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture	902:946	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	9	52	theme	hydrocarbons	1267:1278	arg1	proportion					1246:1255	The proportion	1242:1255	The proportion of liquid hydrocarbons	1242:1278	The proportion of liquid hydrocarbons is the highest when a montmorillonite K10 is acting as a catalyst.
24252369	9	52	theme	hydrocarbons	1267:1278	arg1	highest					1287:1293	highest	1287:1293	highest	1287:1293	The proportion of liquid hydrocarbons is the highest when a montmorillonite K10 is acting as a catalyst.
24252369	2	53	theme	%	470:470	arg1	range					449:453	the range	445:453	the range of 41.3-79.5 wt%	445:470	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	7	54	theme	cellulose/polyethylene	1054:1075	arg1	mixture					1077:1083	cellulose/polyethylene mixture	1054:1083	cellulose/polyethylene mixture	1054:1083	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture promotes the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose.
24252369	5	55	theme	yield	895:899	arg1	increase					879:886	a significant increase	865:886	a significant increase of gas yield	865:899	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	9	56	theme	montmorillonite	1302:1316	arg1	catalyst					1337:1344	a catalyst	1335:1344	a catalyst	1335:1344	The proportion of liquid hydrocarbons is the highest when a montmorillonite K10 is acting as a catalyst.
24252369	9	56	theme	montmorillonite	1302:1316	arg1	K10					1318:1320	a montmorillonite K10	1300:1320	a montmorillonite K10	1300:1320	The proportion of liquid hydrocarbons is the highest when a montmorillonite K10 is acting as a catalyst.
24252369	1	57	theme	heating	354:360	arg1	rate					362:365	heating rate	354:365	heating rate of 100°C/s	354:376	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	6	58	theme	components	1003:1012	arg1	distribution					979:990	the distribution	975:990	the distribution of bio-oil components	975:1012	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	6	59	theme	bio-oil	995:1001	arg1	components					1003:1012	bio-oil components	995:1012	bio-oil components	995:1012	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	1	60	theme	catalysts	197:205	arg1	addition					277:284	three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition	186:284	three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition	186:284	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	8	61	attach	present	1211:1217	arg1	bio-oils					1232:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	resultant bio-oils	1222:1239	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	8	61	attach	present	1211:1217	arg2	hydrocarbons					1194:1205	more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons	1162:1205	more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons	1162:1205	Additionally, more saturated than unsaturated hydrocarbons are present in resultant bio-oils.
24252369	4	62	theme	pyrolysis	664:672	arg1	temperature					639:649	The higher temperature	628:649	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil	628:734	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	1	63	theme	Cellulose/polyethylene	123:144	arg1	w/w					165:167	w/w	165:167	w/w	165:167	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	63	theme	Cellulose/polyethylene	123:144	arg1	3:1					160:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1	123:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1	123:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	64	with	pyrolysis	304:312	arg1	rate					362:365	heating rate	354:365	heating rate of 100°C/s	354:376	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	7	65	theme	cellulose	1137:1145	arg1	conversion					1106:1115	the deepest conversion	1094:1115	the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose	1094:1145	The addition of montmorillonite K10 to cellulose/polyethylene mixture promotes the deepest conversion of polyethylene and cellulose.
24252369	5	66	theme	significant	867:877	arg1	increase					879:886	a significant increase	865:886	a significant increase of gas yield	865:899	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	4	67	theme	mixture	700:706	arg1	pyrolysis					664:672	catalytic pyrolysis	654:672	catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture	654:706	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	5	68	theme	montmorillonite	773:787	arg1	montmorillonite					773:787	montmorillonite	773:787	montmorillonite	773:787	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	5	68	theme	montmorillonite	773:787	arg1	amount					763:768	increasing amount	752:768	increasing amount of montmorillonite	752:787	Contrarily, increasing amount of montmorillonite results in significant, almost linear decrease in bio-oil yield followed by a significant increase of gas yield.
24252369	6	69	theme	various	954:960	arg1	influence					962:970	a various influence	952:970	a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components	952:1012	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	2	70	theme	oil	428:430	arg1	yield					432:436	The pyrolytic oil yield	414:436	The pyrolytic oil yield	414:436	The pyrolytic oil yield was in the range of 41.3-79.5 wt% depending on the temperature, the type and the amount of catalyst.
24252369	6	71	contain	has	948:950	arg2	influence					962:970	a various influence	952:970	a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components	952:1012	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	6	71	contain	has	948:950	arg1	addition					906:913	The addition	902:913	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture	902:946	The addition of clay catalysts to CPE mixture has a various influence on the distribution of bio-oil components.
24252369	4	72	theme	cellulose/polyethylene	677:698	arg1	mixture					700:706	cellulose/polyethylene mixture	677:706	cellulose/polyethylene mixture	677:706	The higher temperature of catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose/polyethylene mixture the higher yield of bio-oil is.
24252369	1	73	theme	CPE	147:149	arg1	w/w					165:167	w/w	165:167	w/w	165:167	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
24252369	1	73	theme	CPE	147:149	arg1	3:1					160:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1	123:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1	123:162	Cellulose/polyethylene (CPE) mixture 3:1, w/w with and without three clay catalysts (K10 - montmorillonite K10, KSF - montmorillonite KSF, B - Bentonite) addition were subjected to pyrolysis at temperatures 400, 450 and 500°C with heating rate of 100°C/s to produce bio-oil with high yield.
29087627	0	0	theme	Weight	78:83	arg1	Influence					47:55	Influence	47:55	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.	0:147	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	2	1	theme	therapeutics	494:505	arg1	processing					469:478	downstream processing	458:478	downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics	458:505	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	2	2	theme	label-free	367:376	arg1	separation					408:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation	363:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells	363:426	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	4	3	theme	model	788:792	arg1	lines					799:803	five model cell lines	783:803	five model cell lines	783:803	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	1	4	theme	critical	252:259	arg1	juncture					261:268	a critical juncture	250:268	a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development	250:316	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	0	5	theme	Molecular	68:76	arg1	Weight					78:83	Polymer Molecular Weight	60:83	Polymer Molecular Weight	60:83	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	0	6	from	Separation	5:14	arg1	Systems					37:43	Aqueous Two-Phase Systems	19:43	Aqueous Two-Phase Systems	19:43	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	5	7	theme	cell	904:907	arg1	partitioning					909:920	cell partitioning	904:920	cell partitioning	904:920	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	4	8	from	influence	704:712	arg1	resolution					769:778	the resolution	765:778	the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	765:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	0	9	theme	Tie-Line	89:96	arg1	Length					98:103	Tie-Line Length	89:103	Tie-Line Length	89:103	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	4	10	theme	lines	799:803	arg1	resolution					769:778	the resolution	765:778	the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	765:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	5	11	theme	highest	1023:1029	arg1	resolution					1031:1040	the highest resolution	1019:1040	the highest resolution of the five cell lines	1019:1063	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	5	12	theme	molecular	955:963	arg1	PEGs					972:975	low molecular weight PEGs	951:975	low molecular weight PEGs	951:975	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	5	13	theme	low	951:953	arg1	PEGs					972:975	low molecular weight PEGs	951:975	low molecular weight PEGs	951:975	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	7	14	theme	high	1408:1411	arg1	purity					1413:1418	high purity	1408:1418	high purity (>99.9%)	1408:1427	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	7	14	theme	high	1408:1411	arg1	%					1426:1426	>99.9%	1421:1426	>99.9%	1421:1426	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	0	15	from	Influence	47:55	arg1	Resolution					112:121	the Resolution	108:121	the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines	108:146	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	5	16	theme	weight	965:970	arg1	PEGs					972:975	low molecular weight PEGs	951:975	low molecular weight PEGs	951:975	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	4	17	theme	polymer	717:723	arg1	weight					735:740	polymer molecular weight	717:740	polymer molecular weight	717:740	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	1	18	theme	basic	278:282	arg1	research					284:291	basic research	278:291	basic research	278:291	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	3	19	from	analysis	666:673	arg1	ATPS					678:681	ATPS	678:681	ATPS	678:681	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	6	20	theme	cell	1124:1127	arg1	line					1129:1132	each cell line	1119:1132	each cell line	1119:1132	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	4	21	theme	-dextran	852:859	arg1	ATPS					861:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	4	22	theme	cell	794:797	arg1	lines					799:803	five model cell lines	783:803	five model cell lines	783:803	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	6	23	theme	molecular	1186:1194	arg1	composition					1203:1213	the polymer molecular weight composition	1174:1213	the polymer molecular weight composition	1174:1213	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	0	24	theme	Length	98:103	arg1	Influence					47:55	Influence	47:55	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.	0:147	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	4	25	theme	charge-sensitive	809:824	arg1	ATPS					861:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	4	26	from	resolution	769:778	arg1	ATPS					861:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	2	27	theme	versatile	439:447	arg1	tool					449:452	a versatile tool	437:452	a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics	437:505	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	2	28	theme	cost-effective	393:406	arg1	separation					408:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation	363:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells	363:426	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	5	29	theme	molecular	986:994	arg1	dextrans					1003:1010	high molecular weight dextrans	981:1010	high molecular weight dextrans	981:1010	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	2	30	theme	cell-based	483:492	arg1	therapeutics					494:505	cell-based therapeutics	483:505	cell-based therapeutics	483:505	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	7	31	dep	demonstrate	1281:1291	arg1	Using					1236:1240	Using	1236:1240	Using a countercurrent distribution model	1236:1276	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	5	32	theme	weight	996:1001	arg1	dextrans					1003:1010	high molecular weight dextrans	981:1010	high molecular weight dextrans	981:1010	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	3	33	theme	screening	574:582	arg1	platform					584:591	a previously developed robotic screening platform	543:591	a previously developed robotic screening platform	543:591	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	0	34	theme	Cell	0:3	arg1	Separation					5:14	Cell Separation	0:14	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.	0:147	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	6	35	theme	polymer	1178:1184	arg1	composition					1203:1213	the polymer molecular weight composition	1174:1213	the polymer molecular weight composition	1174:1213	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	2	36	theme	two-phase	327:335	arg1	ATPS					346:349	ATPS	346:349	ATPS	346:349	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	2	36	theme	two-phase	327:335	arg1	systems					337:343	Aqueous two-phase systems	319:343	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS)	319:350	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	7	37	theme	four	1375:1378	arg1	isolation					1362:1370	the isolation	1358:1370	the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield	1358:1437	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	1	38	theme	clinical-scale	169:182	arg1	strategies					206:215	clinical-scale downstream processing strategies	169:215	clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products	169:239	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	0	39	theme	Aqueous	19:25	arg1	Systems					37:43	Aqueous Two-Phase Systems	19:43	Aqueous Two-Phase Systems	19:43	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	4	40	theme	length	755:760	arg1	influence					704:712	the influence	700:712	the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	700:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	2	41	theme	Aqueous	319:325	arg1	ATPS					346:349	ATPS	346:349	ATPS	346:349	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	2	41	theme	Aqueous	319:325	arg1	systems					337:343	Aqueous two-phase systems	319:343	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS)	319:350	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	1	42	theme	downstream	184:193	arg1	strategies					206:215	clinical-scale downstream processing strategies	169:215	clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products	169:239	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	3	43	theme	platform	584:591	arg1	application					528:538	the application	524:538	the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS	524:681	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	1	44	theme	clinical	297:304	arg1	development					306:316	clinical development	297:316	clinical development	297:316	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	5	45	theme	PEGs	972:975	arg1	combination					936:946	the combination	932:946	the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans	932:1010	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	5	46	theme	lines	1059:1063	arg1	resolution					1031:1040	the highest resolution	1019:1040	the highest resolution of the five cell lines	1019:1063	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	3	47	theme	robotic	566:572	arg1	platform					584:591	a previously developed robotic screening platform	543:591	a previously developed robotic screening platform	543:591	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	6	48	from	mixture	1143:1149	arg1	dependent					1161:1169	dependent	1161:1169	dependent	1161:1169	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	6	48	from	mixture	1143:1149	arg1	separability					1103:1114	the separability	1099:1114	the separability of each cell line from the mixture	1099:1149	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	1	49	theme	processing	195:204	arg1	strategies					206:215	clinical-scale downstream processing strategies	169:215	clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products	169:239	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	2	50	theme	cells	422:426	arg1	separation					408:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation	363:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells	363:426	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	4	51	theme	polyethylene-glycol	827:845	arg1	ATPS					861:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	1	52	theme	strategies	206:215	arg1	availability					153:164	The availability	149:164	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products	149:239	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	0	53	theme	Two-Phase	27:35	arg1	Systems					37:43	Aqueous Two-Phase Systems	19:43	Aqueous Two-Phase Systems	19:43	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	7	54	theme	lines	1397:1401	arg1	lines					1397:1401	the five cell lines	1383:1401	the five cell lines	1383:1401	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	7	54	theme	lines	1397:1401	arg1	four					1375:1378	four	1375:1378	four	1375:1378	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	3	55	theme	cell	648:651	arg1	analysis					666:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis	618:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS	618:681	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	4	56	theme	"	825:825	arg1	ATPS					861:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	2	57	theme	downstream	458:467	arg1	processing					469:478	downstream processing	458:478	downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics	458:505	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	0	58	theme	Cell	137:140	arg1	Lines					142:146	Five Model Cell Lines	126:146	Five Model Cell Lines	126:146	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	3	59	theme	partitioning	653:664	arg1	analysis					666:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis	618:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS	618:681	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	4	60	theme	PEG	848:850	arg1	ATPS					861:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	"charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	808:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	4	61	theme	weight	735:740	arg1	influence					704:712	the influence	700:712	the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS	700:864	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	0	62	theme	Model	131:135	arg1	Lines					142:146	Five Model Cell Lines	126:146	Five Model Cell Lines	126:146	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	4	63	theme	molecular	725:733	arg1	weight					735:740	polymer molecular weight	717:740	polymer molecular weight	717:740	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	5	64	theme	high	981:984	arg1	dextrans					1003:1010	high molecular weight dextrans	981:1010	high molecular weight dextrans	981:1010	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	3	65	theme	multiplexed	620:630	arg1	analysis					666:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis	618:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS	618:681	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	6	66	theme	tie-line	1219:1226	arg1	length					1228:1233	tie-line length	1219:1233	tie-line length	1219:1233	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	4	67	theme	tie-line	746:753	arg1	length					755:760	tie-line length	746:760	tie-line length	746:760	We investigated the influence of polymer molecular weight and tie-line length on the resolution of five model cell lines in "charge-sensitive" polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-dextran ATPS.
29087627	3	68	theme	developed	556:564	arg1	platform					584:591	a previously developed robotic screening platform	543:591	a previously developed robotic screening platform	543:591	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	1	69	theme	cell-based	221:230	arg1	products					232:239	cell-based products	221:239	cell-based products	221:239	The availability of clinical-scale downstream processing strategies for cell-based products presents a critical juncture between basic research and clinical development.
29087627	0	70	theme	Lines	142:146	arg1	Resolution					112:121	the Resolution	108:121	the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines	108:146	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	3	71	theme	high-throughput	632:646	arg1	analysis					666:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis	618:673	a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS	618:681	Here, we report the application of a previously developed robotic screening platform, here extended to enable a multiplexed high-throughput cell partitioning analysis in ATPS.
29087627	7	72	theme	countercurrent	1244:1257	arg1	model					1272:1276	a countercurrent distribution model	1242:1276	a countercurrent distribution model	1242:1276	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	7	73	theme	distribution	1259:1270	arg1	model					1272:1276	a countercurrent distribution model	1242:1276	a countercurrent distribution model	1242:1276	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
29087627	0	74	theme	Polymer	60:66	arg1	Weight					78:83	Polymer Molecular Weight	60:83	Polymer Molecular Weight	60:83	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	5	75	theme	cell	1054:1057	arg1	lines					1059:1063	the five cell lines	1045:1063	the five cell lines	1045:1063	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	0	76	dep	Separation	5:14	arg1	Influence					47:55	Influence	47:55	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.	0:147	Cell Separation in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems - Influence of Polymer Molecular Weight and Tie-Line Length on the Resolution of Five Model Cell Lines.
29087627	2	77	theme	scalable	379:386	arg1	separation					408:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation	363:417	the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells	363:426	Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) facilitate the label-free, scalable, and cost-effective separation of cells, and are a versatile tool for downstream processing of cell-based therapeutics.
29087627	6	78	theme	line	1129:1132	arg1	dependent					1161:1169	dependent	1161:1169	dependent	1161:1169	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	6	78	theme	line	1129:1132	arg1	separability					1103:1114	the separability	1099:1114	the separability of each cell line from the mixture	1099:1149	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	5	79	theme	dextrans	1003:1010	arg1	combination					936:946	the combination	932:946	the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans	932:1010	We show, how these factors influence cell partitioning, and that the combination of low molecular weight PEGs and high molecular weight dextrans enable the highest resolution of the five cell lines.
29087627	6	80	theme	weight	1196:1201	arg1	composition					1203:1213	the polymer molecular weight composition	1174:1213	the polymer molecular weight composition	1174:1213	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the separability of each cell line from the mixture is highly dependent on the polymer molecular weight composition and tie-line length.
29087627	7	81	theme	cell	1392:1395	arg1	lines					1397:1401	the five cell lines	1383:1401	the five cell lines	1383:1401	Using a countercurrent distribution model we demonstrate that our screenings yielded conditions that theoretically enable the isolation of four of the five cell lines with high purity (>99.9%) and yield.
26781707	10	0	theme	rodents	1271:1277	arg1	requirements					1240:1251	the nutritional requirements	1224:1251	the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents	1224:1277	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	10	0	theme	rodents	1271:1277	arg1	data					1206:1209	the data	1202:1209	the data obtained	1202:1218	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	8	1	theme	other	940:944	arg1	carbohydrates					946:958	other carbohydrates	940:958	other carbohydrates	940:958	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	1	2	theme	panda	208:212	arg1	milk					221:224	giant panda breast milk	202:224	giant panda breast milk	202:224	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	8	3	theme	carbohydrates	946:958	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	4	theme	ash	861:863	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	1	5	theme	giant	135:139	arg1	cubs					147:150	giant panda cubs	135:150	giant panda cubs	135:150	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	1	6	theme	breast	214:219	arg1	milk					221:224	giant panda breast milk	202:224	giant panda breast milk	202:224	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	5	7	theme	Panda	616:620	arg1	Breeding					622:629	Giant Panda Breeding	610:629	Giant Panda Breeding	610:629	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	5	8	from	pandas	677:682	arg1	samples					652:658	breast milk samples	640:658	breast milk samples from three giant pandas	640:682	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	10	9	theme	milk	1176:1179	arg1	kinds					1167:1171	two kinds	1163:1171	two kinds of milk	1163:1179	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	5	10	theme	Breeding	622:629	arg1	Base					602:605	The Chengdu Research Base	581:605	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding	581:629	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	11	11	theme	38	1389:1390	arg1	%					1398:1398	38 and 26%	1389:1398	%	1398:1398	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	8	12	theme	moisture	866:873	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	9	13	theme	breast	991:996	arg1	samples					1003:1009	The breast milk samples	987:1009	The breast milk samples	987:1009	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	10	14	theme	nutritional	1228:1238	arg1	requirements					1240:1251	the nutritional requirements	1224:1251	the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents	1224:1277	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	11	15	dep	milk	1315:1318	arg1	substitutes					1320:1330	substitutes	1320:1330	substitutes for the first and second stages	1320:1362	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	8	16	from	levels	822:827	arg1	milk					967:970	the milk	963:970	the milk	963:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	17	theme	protein	832:838	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	1	18	theme	panda	141:145	arg1	cubs					147:150	giant panda cubs	135:150	giant panda cubs	135:150	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	5	19	theme	breast	640:645	arg1	samples					652:658	breast milk samples	640:658	breast milk samples from three giant pandas	640:682	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	4	20	theme	new	491:493	arg1	milk					495:498	new milk	491:498	new milk	491:498	Here, we report analysis of giant panda breast milk and propose new milk substitutes for cubs, which were developed based on the results of our analysis.
26781707	3	21	from	growth	405:410	arg1	cubs					421:424	panda cubs	415:424	panda cubs	415:424	However, they are not of sufficient nutritional quality for promoting growth in panda cubs.
26781707	3	22	theme	sufficient	360:369	arg1	quality					383:389	sufficient nutritional quality	360:389	sufficient nutritional quality	360:389	However, they are not of sufficient nutritional quality for promoting growth in panda cubs.
26781707	12	23	theme	docosahexaenoic	1565:1579	arg1	taurine					1556:1562	taurine	1556:1562	taurine	1556:1562	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	23	theme	docosahexaenoic	1565:1579	arg1	acid					1581:1584	docosahexaenoic acid	1565:1584	docosahexaenoic acid	1565:1584	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	8	24	theme	fat	841:843	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	25	theme	fatty	915:919	arg1	acids					921:925	fatty acids	915:925	fatty acids	915:925	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	25	theme	fatty	915:919	arg1	vitamins					876:883	vitamins	876:883	vitamins	876:883	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	4	26	theme	breast	467:472	arg1	milk					474:477	giant panda breast milk	455:477	giant panda breast milk	455:477	Here, we report analysis of giant panda breast milk and propose new milk substitutes for cubs, which were developed based on the results of our analysis.
26781707	11	27	theme	nutritional	1284:1294	arg1	composition					1296:1306	The nutritional composition	1280:1306	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages	1280:1362	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	6	28	dep	30	691:692	arg1	to					688:689	to	688:689	to	688:689	Up to 30 ml of breast milk were collected from each mother by hand.
26781707	0	29	theme	breast	16:21	arg1	milk					23:26	the breast milk	12:26	the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)	12:67	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	4	30	theme	panda	461:465	arg1	milk					474:477	giant panda breast milk	455:477	giant panda breast milk	455:477	Here, we report analysis of giant panda breast milk and propose new milk substitutes for cubs, which were developed based on the results of our analysis.
26781707	5	31	theme	Research	593:600	arg1	Base					602:605	The Chengdu Research Base	581:605	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding	581:629	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	8	32	theme	carbohydrates	846:858	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	1	33	dep	milk	115:118	arg1	substitute					120:129	substitute	120:129	substitute for giant panda cubs	120:150	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg1	addition					1500:1507	addition	1500:1507	addition	1500:1507	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	minerals					1546:1553	minerals	1546:1553	minerals	1546:1553	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	taurine					1556:1562	taurine	1556:1562	taurine	1556:1562	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	the					1510:1512	the	1510:1512	the	1510:1512	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	vitamins					1536:1543	vitamins	1536:1543	vitamins	1536:1543	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	lactoferrin					1587:1597	lactoferrin	1587:1597	lactoferrin	1587:1597	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	nucleotides					1600:1610	nucleotides	1600:1610	nucleotides	1600:1610	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	nutrients					1622:1630	other nutrients	1616:1630	other nutrients	1616:1630	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg2	acid					1581:1584	docosahexaenoic acid	1565:1584	docosahexaenoic acid	1565:1584	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	12	34	contain	contained	1526:1534	arg1	the					1510:1512	the	1510:1512	the	1510:1512	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	1	35	theme	certain	238:244	arg1	types					246:250	certain types	238:250	certain types of bear	238:258	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	0	36	theme	substitutes	92:102	arg1	Analysis					0:7	Analysis	0:7	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)	0:67	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	0	36	theme	substitutes	92:102	arg1	preparation					77:87	the preparation	73:87	the preparation of substitutes	73:102	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	9	37	theme	nutritional	1035:1045	arg1	values					1047:1052	the following nutritional values	1021:1052	the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%	1021:1148	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	10	38	dep	substitutes	1181:1191	arg1	based					1193:1197	based	1193:1197	designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents	1154:1277	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	5	39	theme	giant	671:675	arg1	pandas					677:682	three giant pandas	665:682	three giant pandas	665:682	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	4	40	theme	milk	474:477	arg1	analysis					443:450	analysis	443:450	analysis of giant panda breast milk	443:477	Here, we report analysis of giant panda breast milk and propose new milk substitutes for cubs, which were developed based on the results of our analysis.
26781707	8	41	theme	total	896:900	arg1	acids					908:912	total amino acids	896:912	total amino acids	896:912	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	41	theme	total	896:900	arg1	vitamins					876:883	vitamins	876:883	vitamins	876:883	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	3	42	theme	nutritional	371:381	arg1	quality					383:389	sufficient nutritional quality	360:389	sufficient nutritional quality	360:389	However, they are not of sufficient nutritional quality for promoting growth in panda cubs.
26781707	0	43	theme	milk	23:26	arg1	Analysis					0:7	Analysis	0:7	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)	0:67	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	0	43	theme	milk	23:26	arg1	preparation					77:87	the preparation	73:87	the preparation of substitutes	73:102	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	11	44	dep	protein	1380:1386	arg1	%					1398:1398	38 and 26%	1389:1398	%	1398:1398	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	5	45	theme	Giant	610:614	arg1	Breeding					622:629	Giant Panda Breeding	610:629	Giant Panda Breeding	610:629	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	11	46	theme	26	1396:1397	arg1	%					1398:1398	38 and 26%	1389:1398	%	1398:1398	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	47	theme	6	1456:1456	arg1	%					1457:1457	6 and 6%	1450:1457	%	1457:1457	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	0	48	theme	pandas	37:42	arg1	milk					23:26	the breast milk	12:26	the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)	12:67	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	1	49	theme	bear	255:258	arg1	types					246:250	certain types	238:250	certain types of bear	238:258	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	10	50	theme	cats	1262:1265	arg1	requirements					1240:1251	the nutritional requirements	1224:1251	the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents	1224:1277	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	10	50	theme	cats	1262:1265	arg1	data					1206:1209	the data	1202:1209	the data obtained	1202:1218	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	9	51	theme	protein	1055:1061	arg1	%					1071:1071	protein: 6.6-8.5%	1055:1071	protein: 6.6-8.5%	1055:1071	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	52	theme	following	1025:1033	arg1	values					1047:1052	the following nutritional values	1021:1052	the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%	1021:1148	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	3	53	theme	panda	415:419	arg1	cubs					421:424	panda cubs	415:424	panda cubs	415:424	However, they are not of sufficient nutritional quality for promoting growth in panda cubs.
26781707	0	54	theme	giant	31:35	arg1	melanoleuca					56:66	melanoleuca	56:66	melanoleuca	56:66	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	0	54	theme	giant	31:35	arg1	pandas					37:42	giant pandas	31:42	giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)	31:67	Analysis of the breast milk of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the preparation of substitutes.
26781707	4	55	theme	giant	455:459	arg1	milk					474:477	giant panda breast milk	455:477	giant panda breast milk	455:477	Here, we report analysis of giant panda breast milk and propose new milk substitutes for cubs, which were developed based on the results of our analysis.
26781707	8	56	theme	amino	902:906	arg1	acids					908:912	total amino acids	896:912	total amino acids	896:912	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	56	theme	amino	902:906	arg1	vitamins					876:883	vitamins	876:883	vitamins	876:883	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	8	57	theme	vitamins	876:883	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	11	58	theme	milk	1315:1318	arg1	composition					1296:1306	The nutritional composition	1280:1306	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages	1280:1362	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	2	59	theme	formulas	279:286	arg1	Mixtures					261:268	Mixtures	261:268	Mixtures of other formulas	261:286	Mixtures of other formulas have also been fed to cubs at some facilities.
26781707	10	60	dep	designed	1154:1161	arg1	substitutes					1181:1191	substitutes	1181:1191	designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents	1154:1277	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	9	61	theme	moisture	1133:1140	arg1	%					1148:1148	moisture: 67-83%	1133:1148	moisture: 67-83%	1133:1148	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	8	62	theme	lactose	928:934	arg1	levels					822:827	The levels	818:827	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk	818:970	The levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, moisture, vitamins, minerals, total amino acids, fatty acids, lactose and other carbohydrates in the milk were analyzed.
26781707	11	63	dep	was	1364:1366	arg1	carbohydrates					1418:1430	carbohydrates	1418:1430	carbohydrates	1418:1430	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	63	dep	was	1364:1366	arg1	%					1415:1415	40 and 40%	1406:1415	40 and 40%	1406:1415	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	63	dep	was	1364:1366	arg1	fat					1401:1403	fat	1401:1403	fat	1401:1403	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	63	dep	was	1364:1366	arg1	protein					1380:1386	protein	1380:1386	protein	1380:1386	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	9	64	theme	ash	1115:1117	arg1	%					1127:1127	ash: 0.9-1.0%	1115:1127	ash: 0.9-1.0%	1115:1127	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	2	65	theme	other	273:277	arg1	formulas					279:286	other formulas	273:286	other formulas	273:286	Mixtures of other formulas have also been fed to cubs at some facilities.
26781707	1	66	theme	limited	183:189	arg1	data					191:194	limited data	183:194	limited data about giant panda breast milk	183:224	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	5	67	theme	Chengdu	585:591	arg1	Base					602:605	The Chengdu Research Base	581:605	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding	581:629	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	6	68	theme	milk	707:710	arg1	ml					694:695	Up to 30 ml	685:695	Up to 30 ml of breast milk	685:710	Up to 30 ml of breast milk were collected from each mother by hand.
26781707	11	69	theme	6	1450:1450	arg1	%					1457:1457	6 and 6%	1450:1457	%	1457:1457	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	70	theme	second	1350:1355	arg1	stages					1357:1362	the first and second stages	1336:1362	the first and second stages	1336:1362	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	1	71	theme	first	109:113	arg1	milk					115:118	The first milk	105:118	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs	105:150	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26781707	9	72	theme	milk	998:1001	arg1	samples					1003:1009	The breast milk samples	987:1009	The breast milk samples	987:1009	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	5	73	theme	milk	647:650	arg1	samples					652:658	breast milk samples	640:658	breast milk samples from three giant pandas	640:682	The Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding obtained breast milk samples from three giant pandas.
26781707	6	74	theme	breast	700:705	arg1	milk					707:710	breast milk	700:710	breast milk	700:710	Up to 30 ml of breast milk were collected from each mother by hand.
26781707	11	75	dep	%	1415:1415	arg1	%					1480:1480	3 and 3%	1473:1480	3 and 3%	1473:1480	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	75	dep	%	1415:1415	arg1	moisture					1463:1470	moisture	1463:1470	moisture	1463:1470	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	75	dep	%	1415:1415	arg1	%					1457:1457	6 and 6%	1450:1457	%	1457:1457	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	75	dep	%	1415:1415	arg1	ash					1445:1447	ash	1445:1447	ash	1445:1447	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	11	75	dep	%	1415:1415	arg1	%					1442:1442	13 and 25%	1433:1442	13 and 25%	1433:1442	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	10	76	theme	dogs	1256:1259	arg1	requirements					1240:1251	the nutritional requirements	1224:1251	the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents	1224:1277	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	10	76	theme	dogs	1256:1259	arg1	data					1206:1209	the data	1202:1209	the data obtained	1202:1218	We designed two kinds of milk substitutes based on the data obtained and the nutritional requirements of dogs, cats and rodents.
26781707	7	77	theme	milk	763:766	arg1	samples					768:774	the milk samples	759:774	the milk samples	759:774	Then, the milk samples were frozen and sent to Nihon University.
26781707	12	78	theme	other	1616:1620	arg1	nutrients					1622:1630	other nutrients	1616:1630	other nutrients	1616:1630	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	9	79	theme	fat	1074:1076	arg1	%					1087:1087	fat: 6.9-16.4%	1074:1087	fat: 6.9-16.4%	1074:1087	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	80	dep	values	1047:1052	arg1	%					1148:1148	moisture: 67-83%	1133:1148	moisture: 67-83%	1133:1148	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	80	dep	values	1047:1052	arg1	carbohydrates					1090:1102	carbohydrates	1090:1102	carbohydrates	1090:1102	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	80	dep	values	1047:1052	arg1	%					1127:1127	ash: 0.9-1.0%	1115:1127	ash: 0.9-1.0%	1115:1127	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	80	dep	values	1047:1052	arg1	%					1112:1112	2.5-9.1%	1105:1112	2.5-9.1%	1105:1112	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	80	dep	values	1047:1052	arg1	%					1087:1087	fat: 6.9-16.4%	1074:1087	fat: 6.9-16.4%	1074:1087	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	9	80	dep	values	1047:1052	arg1	%					1071:1071	protein: 6.6-8.5%	1055:1071	protein: 6.6-8.5%	1055:1071	The breast milk samples exhibited the following nutritional values: protein: 6.6-8.5%, fat: 6.9-16.4%, carbohydrates: 2.5-9.1%, ash: 0.9-1.0% and moisture: 67-83%.
26781707	11	81	theme	first	1340:1344	arg1	stages					1357:1362	the first and second stages	1336:1362	the first and second stages	1336:1362	The nutritional composition of the milk substitutes for the first and second stages was as follows: protein: 38 and 26%, fat: 40 and 40%, carbohydrates: 13 and 25%, ash: 6 and 6% and moisture: 3 and 3%, respectively.
26781707	4	82	theme	analysis	571:578	arg1	results					556:562	the results	552:562	the results of our analysis	552:578	Here, we report analysis of giant panda breast milk and propose new milk substitutes for cubs, which were developed based on the results of our analysis.
26781707	12	83	dep	the	1510:1512	arg1	substitutes					1514:1524	substitutes	1514:1524	substitutes	1514:1524	In addition, the substitutes contained vitamins, minerals, taurine, docosahexaenoic acid, lactoferrin, nucleotides and other nutrients.
26781707	1	84	theme	giant	202:206	arg1	milk					221:224	giant panda breast milk	202:224	giant panda breast milk	202:224	The first milk substitute for giant panda cubs was developed in 1988 based on limited data about giant panda breast milk and that of certain types of bear.
26990156	11	0	from	similarity	1424:1433	arg1	mechanisms					1460:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms	1438:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes	1438:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	4	1	theme	LPS	669:671	arg1	structure					673:681	LPS structure	669:681	LPS structure	669:681	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	11	2	theme	evolution	1537:1545	arg1	result					1516:1521	a result	1514:1521	a result of convergent evolution	1514:1545	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	11	2	theme	evolution	1537:1545	arg1	similarity					1424:1433	the similarity	1420:1433	the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes	1420:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	4	3	theme	amoebae	557:563	arg1	ability					517:523	the ability	513:523	the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli	513:636	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	4	3	theme	amoebae	557:563	arg1	prey					651:654	a bacterial prey	639:654	a bacterial prey	639:654	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	0	4	theme	O157 	72:76	arg1	uptake					45:50	uptake	45:50	uptake	45:50	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.
26990156	0	4	theme	O157 	72:76	arg1	recognition					29:39	recognition	29:39	recognition	29:39	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.
26990156	8	5	with	surface	1123:1129	arg1	carbohydrate					1140:1151	LPS carbohydrate	1136:1151	LPS carbohydrate	1136:1151	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	1	6	theme	major	150:154	arg1	source					156:161	a major source	148:161	a major source of bacterial mortality	148:184	Predation by phagocytic predators is a major source of bacterial mortality.
26990156	1	6	theme	major	150:154	arg1	Predation					111:119	Predation	111:119	Predation by phagocytic predators	111:143	Predation by phagocytic predators is a major source of bacterial mortality.
26990156	4	7	theme	bacterivorous	543:555	arg1	amoebae					557:563	the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae	528:563	the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae	528:563	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	4	7	theme	bacterivorous	543:555	arg1	castellanii					579:589	Acanthamoeba castellanii	566:589	Acanthamoeba castellanii	566:589	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	8	8	theme	LPS	1136:1138	arg1	carbohydrate					1140:1151	LPS carbohydrate	1136:1151	LPS carbohydrate	1136:1151	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	9	9	theme	mannose-binding	1190:1204	arg1	lectins					1206:1212	mannose-binding lectins	1190:1212	mannose-binding lectins	1190:1212	Phagocytic mammalian cells also use mannose-binding lectins to recognize and/or mediate phagocytosis of E. coli.
26990156	9	10	theme	mammalian	1165:1173	arg1	cells					1175:1179	Phagocytic mammalian cells	1154:1179	Phagocytic mammalian cells	1154:1179	Phagocytic mammalian cells also use mannose-binding lectins to recognize and/or mediate phagocytosis of E. coli.
26990156	4	11	theme	Acanthamoeba	566:577	arg1	amoebae					557:563	the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae	528:563	the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae	528:563	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	4	11	theme	Acanthamoeba	566:577	arg1	castellanii					579:589	Acanthamoeba castellanii	566:589	Acanthamoeba castellanii	566:589	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	11	12	theme	mammalian	1486:1494	arg1	phagocytes					1496:1505	mammalian phagocytes	1486:1505	mammalian phagocytes	1486:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	10	13	theme	binding	1396:1402	arg1	protein					1404:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	2	14	theme	prey	277:280	arg1	consumption					246:256	consumption	246:256	consumption	246:256	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	2	14	theme	prey	277:280	arg1	recognition					230:240	recognition	230:240	recognition	230:240	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	2	14	theme	prey	277:280	arg1	steps					197:201	The first steps	187:201	The first steps in protozoan predation	187:224	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	11	15	theme	recognition	1448:1458	arg1	mechanisms					1460:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms	1438:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes	1438:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	2	16	from	steps	197:201	arg1	predation					216:224	protozoan predation	206:224	protozoan predation	206:224	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	10	17	theme	mannose	1388:1394	arg1	protein					1404:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	2	18	theme	bacterial	267:275	arg1	prey					277:280	their bacterial prey	261:280	their bacterial prey	261:280	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	1	19	theme	bacterial	166:174	arg1	mortality					176:184	bacterial mortality	166:184	bacterial mortality	166:184	Predation by phagocytic predators is a major source of bacterial mortality.
26990156	0	20	theme	Acanthamoeba	85:96	arg1	castellanii					98:108	Acanthamoeba castellanii	85:108	Acanthamoeba castellanii	85:108	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.
26990156	8	21	theme	E. coli	1018:1024	arg1	uptake					1008:1013	uptake	1008:1013	uptake	1008:1013	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	8	21	theme	E. coli	1018:1024	arg1	Recognition					992:1002	Recognition	992:1002	Recognition	992:1002	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	10	22	theme	A.	1280:1281	arg1	castellanii					1283:1293	A. castellanii	1280:1293	A. castellanii's mannose binding protein	1280:1319	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	5	23	theme	E. coli	772:778	arg1	uptake					762:767	uptake	762:767	uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii	762:796	The presence of an O-antigen carbohydrate is not required for uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii.
26990156	10	24	theme	mannose	1297:1303	arg1	protein					1313:1319	A. castellanii's mannose binding protein	1280:1319	A. castellanii's mannose binding protein	1280:1319	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	5	25	theme	O-antigen	719:727	arg1	carbohydrate					729:740	an O-antigen carbohydrate	716:740	an O-antigen carbohydrate	716:740	The presence of an O-antigen carbohydrate is not required for uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii.
26990156	11	26	theme	bacterial	1438:1446	arg1	mechanisms					1460:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms	1438:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes	1438:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	3	27	theme	cellular	412:419	arg1	factors					421:427	the molecular and cellular factors	394:427	the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes	394:455	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	11	28	theme	amoebae	1474:1480	arg1	mechanisms					1460:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms	1438:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes	1438:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	1	29	theme	mortality	176:184	arg1	source					156:161	a major source	148:161	a major source of bacterial mortality	148:184	Predation by phagocytic predators is a major source of bacterial mortality.
26990156	1	29	theme	mortality	176:184	arg1	Predation					111:119	Predation	111:119	Predation by phagocytic predators	111:143	Predation by phagocytic predators is a major source of bacterial mortality.
26990156	10	30	with	similarity	1353:1362	arg1	protein					1404:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	9	31	theme	Phagocytic	1154:1163	arg1	cells					1175:1179	Phagocytic mammalian cells	1154:1179	Phagocytic mammalian cells	1154:1179	Phagocytic mammalian cells also use mannose-binding lectins to recognize and/or mediate phagocytosis of E. coli.
26990156	4	32	theme	phagocytic	532:541	arg1	amoebae					557:563	the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae	528:563	the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae	528:563	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	4	32	theme	phagocytic	532:541	arg1	castellanii					579:589	Acanthamoeba castellanii	566:589	Acanthamoeba castellanii	566:589	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	6	33	theme	O-antigen	835:843	arg1	types					845:849	O157 O-antigen types	830:849	O157 O-antigen types	830:849	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	6	33	theme	O-antigen	835:843	arg1	types					819:823	O1-antigen types	808:823	O1-antigen types	808:823	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	0	34	dep	Escherichia	55:65	arg1	coli					67:70	coli	67:70	coli	67:70	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.
26990156	10	35	theme	binding	1305:1311	arg1	protein					1313:1319	A. castellanii's mannose binding protein	1280:1319	A. castellanii's mannose binding protein	1280:1319	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	3	36	theme	molecular	398:406	arg1	factors					421:427	the molecular and cellular factors	394:427	the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes	394:455	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	6	37	theme	O157	830:833	arg1	types					845:849	O157 O-antigen types	830:849	O157 O-antigen types	830:849	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	6	37	theme	O157	830:833	arg1	types					819:823	O1-antigen types	808:823	O1-antigen types	808:823	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	3	38	theme	factors	421:427	arg1	mechanisms					304:313	the precise mechanisms	292:313	the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists	292:369	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	3	38	theme	factors	421:427	arg1	identities					380:389	the identities	376:389	the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes	376:455	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	3	38	theme	factors	421:427	arg1	ill-characterized					470:486	ill-characterized	470:486	ill-characterized	470:486	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	8	39	theme	mannose-binding	1078:1092	arg1	protein					1094:1100	mannose-binding protein	1078:1100	mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate	1078:1151	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	5	40	theme	carbohydrate	729:740	arg1	presence					704:711	The presence	700:711	The presence of an O-antigen carbohydrate	700:740	The presence of an O-antigen carbohydrate is not required for uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii.
26990156	2	41	theme	protozoan	206:214	arg1	predation					216:224	protozoan predation	206:224	protozoan predation	206:224	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	10	42	theme	sequence	1344:1351	arg1	similarity					1353:1362	no sequence similarity	1341:1362	no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1341:1410	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	3	43	theme	precise	296:302	arg1	mechanisms					304:313	the precise mechanisms	292:313	the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists	292:369	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	3	43	theme	precise	296:302	arg1	ill-characterized					470:486	ill-characterized	470:486	ill-characterized	470:486	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	6	44	theme	O1-antigen	808:817	arg1	types					845:849	O157 O-antigen types	830:849	O157 O-antigen types	830:849	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	6	44	theme	O1-antigen	808:817	arg1	types					819:823	O1-antigen types	808:823	O1-antigen types	808:823	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	7	45	theme	antipredator	961:972	arg1	molecule					982:989	an antipredator defence molecule	958:989	an antipredator defence molecule	958:989	This finding implies that O-antigen may function as an antipredator defence molecule.
26990156	7	45	theme	antipredator	961:972	arg1	O-antigen					932:940	O-antigen	932:940	O-antigen	932:940	This finding implies that O-antigen may function as an antipredator defence molecule.
26990156	4	46	theme	bacterial	641:649	arg1	ability					517:523	the ability	513:523	the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli	513:636	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	4	46	theme	bacterial	641:649	arg1	prey					651:654	a bacterial prey	639:654	a bacterial prey	639:654	Here, we show that that the ability of the phagocytic bacterivorous amoebae, Acanthamoeba castellanii, to recognize and internalize Escherichia coli, a bacterial prey, varies with LPS structure and composition.
26990156	8	47	theme	located	1102:1108	arg1	protein					1094:1100	mannose-binding protein	1078:1100	mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate	1078:1151	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	2	48	theme	first	191:195	arg1	recognition					230:240	recognition	230:240	recognition	230:240	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	2	48	theme	first	191:195	arg1	steps					197:201	The first steps	187:201	The first steps in protozoan predation	187:224	The first steps in protozoan predation are recognition and consumption of their bacterial prey.
26990156	7	49	theme	defence	974:980	arg1	molecule					982:989	an antipredator defence molecule	958:989	an antipredator defence molecule	958:989	This finding implies that O-antigen may function as an antipredator defence molecule.
26990156	7	49	theme	defence	974:980	arg1	O-antigen					932:940	O-antigen	932:940	O-antigen	932:940	This finding implies that O-antigen may function as an antipredator defence molecule.
26990156	8	50	theme	protein	1094:1100	arg1	interaction					1063:1073	the interaction	1059:1073	the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate	1059:1151	Recognition and uptake of E. coli by A. castellanii is mediated by the interaction of mannose-binding protein located on amoebae's surface with LPS carbohydrate.
26990156	10	51	theme	metazoan	1379:1386	arg1	protein					1404:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	1	52	theme	phagocytic	124:133	arg1	predators					135:143	phagocytic predators	124:143	phagocytic predators	124:143	Predation by phagocytic predators is a major source of bacterial mortality.
26990156	11	53	theme	phagocytes	1496:1505	arg1	mechanisms					1460:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms	1438:1469	bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes	1438:1505	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
26990156	3	54	theme	prey	325:328	arg1	recognition					330:340	prey recognition	325:340	prey recognition	325:340	However, the precise mechanisms governing prey recognition and phagocytosis by protists, and the identities of the molecular and cellular factors involved in these processes are, as yet, ill-characterized.
26990156	10	55	theme	known	1373:1377	arg1	protein					1404:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	any known metazoan mannose binding protein	1369:1410	Nonetheless, A. castellanii's mannose binding protein apparently displays no sequence similarity with any known metazoan mannose binding protein.
26990156	9	56	theme	E. coli	1258:1264	arg1	phagocytosis					1242:1253	phagocytosis	1242:1253	phagocytosis of E. coli	1242:1264	Phagocytic mammalian cells also use mannose-binding lectins to recognize and/or mediate phagocytosis of E. coli.
26990156	0	57	theme	Escherichia	55:65	arg1	O157 					72:76	Escherichia coli O157 	55:76	Escherichia coli O157 	55:76	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.
26990156	6	58	theme	bacteria	886:893	arg1	uptake					876:881	uptake	876:881	uptake	876:881	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	6	58	theme	bacteria	886:893	arg1	recognition					860:870	recognition	860:870	recognition	860:870	However, O1-antigen types, not O157 O-antigen types, inhibit recognition and uptake of bacteria by amoeba.
26990156	0	59	dep	Determinants	0:11	arg1	 H7					78:80	 H7	78:80	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.	0:109	Determinants that govern the recognition and uptake of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 by Acanthamoeba castellanii.
26990156	11	60	theme	convergent	1526:1535	arg1	evolution					1537:1545	convergent evolution	1526:1545	convergent evolution	1526:1545	Hence, the similarity in bacterial recognition mechanisms of amoebae and mammalian phagocytes may be a result of convergent evolution.
24656548	7	0	theme	hydrogen	1020:1027	arg1	volume					1029:1034	cumulative hydrogen volume	1009:1034	cumulative hydrogen volume	1009:1034	A direct relationship between coffee mucilage, biogas and cumulative hydrogen volume was established.
24656548	1	1	used	used	262:265	arg2	CM					128:129	CM	128:129	CM	128:129	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	1	used	used	262:265	arg2	mucilage					118:125	Coffee mucilage	111:125	Coffee mucilage (CM)	111:130	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	1	used	used	262:265	arg2	substrate					141:149	a novel substrate	133:149	a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	133:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	5	2	from	%	733:733	arg1	condition					692:700	this condition	687:700	this condition	687:700	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	4	3	from	rate	558:561	arg1	C4					566:567	C4	566:567	C4	566:567	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	1	4	theme	largest	213:219	arg1	Colombia					199:206	Colombia	199:206	Colombia	199:206	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	4	theme	largest	213:219	arg1	producer					235:242	the largest fourth coffee producer	209:242	the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	209:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	4	5	theme	hydrogen	612:619	arg1	potential					621:629	a high hydrogen potential	605:629	a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch	605:681	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	1	6	theme	fourth	221:226	arg1	Colombia					199:206	Colombia	199:206	Colombia	199:206	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	6	theme	fourth	221:226	arg1	producer					235:242	the largest fourth coffee producer	209:242	the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	209:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	2	7	theme	hydrogen	421:428	arg1	C4					442:443	C4	442:443	C4	442:443	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	2	7	theme	hydrogen	421:428	arg1	production					430:439	hydrogen production	421:439	hydrogen production (C4)	421:444	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	%					740:740	50.6%	736:740	50.6%	736:740	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	dioxide					771:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	hydrogen					783:790	hydrogen	783:790	hydrogen	783:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	%					733:733	0.1%	730:733	0.1%	730:733	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	%					750:750	39.0%	746:750	39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen	746:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	methane					755:761	methane	755:761	methane	755:761	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	8	theme	dioxide	771:777	arg1	composition					714:724	the biogas composition	703:724	the biogas composition	703:724	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	4	9	theme	high	607:610	arg1	potential					621:629	a high hydrogen potential	605:629	a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch	605:681	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	1	10	theme	coffee	228:233	arg1	Colombia					199:206	Colombia	199:206	Colombia	199:206	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	10	theme	coffee	228:233	arg1	producer					235:242	the largest fourth coffee producer	209:242	the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	209:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	0	11	theme	swine	97:101	arg1	manure					103:108	swine manure	97:108	swine manure	97:108	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	5	12	theme	biogas	707:712	arg1	%					733:733	0.1%	730:733	0.1%	730:733	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	12	theme	biogas	707:712	arg1	methane					755:761	methane	755:761	methane	755:761	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	12	theme	biogas	707:712	arg1	hydrogen					783:790	hydrogen	783:790	hydrogen	783:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	12	theme	biogas	707:712	arg1	dioxide					771:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	12	theme	biogas	707:712	arg1	composition					714:724	the biogas composition	703:724	the biogas composition	703:724	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	6	13	theme	hydrogen	891:898	arg1	production					900:909	hydrogen production	891:909	hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0	891:948	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	%					740:740	50.6%	736:740	50.6%	736:740	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	dioxide					771:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	hydrogen					783:790	hydrogen	783:790	hydrogen	783:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	%					733:733	0.1%	730:733	0.1%	730:733	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	%					750:750	39.0%	746:750	39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen	746:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	methane					755:761	methane	755:761	methane	755:761	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	14	theme	hydrogen	783:790	arg1	composition					714:724	the biogas composition	703:724	the biogas composition	703:724	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	1	15	theme	novel	135:139	arg1	substrate					141:149	a novel substrate	133:149	a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	133:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	15	theme	novel	135:139	arg1	mucilage					118:125	Coffee mucilage	111:125	Coffee mucilage (CM)	111:130	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	7	16	theme	coffee	981:986	arg1	mucilage					988:995	coffee mucilage	981:995	coffee mucilage	981:995	A direct relationship between coffee mucilage, biogas and cumulative hydrogen volume was established.
24656548	1	17	from	producer	235:242	arg1	world					251:255	the world	247:255	the world	247:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	4	18	dep	potential	621:629	arg1	compare					631:637	compare	631:637	compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch	631:681	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	4	19	theme	hydrogen	538:545	arg1	rate					558:561	The average hydrogen production rate	526:561	The average hydrogen production rate in C4	526:567	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	4	19	theme	hydrogen	538:545	arg1	H2/LCMd					580:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	0	20	with	co-digestion	79:90	arg1	manure					103:108	swine manure	97:108	swine manure	97:108	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	2	21	from	increase	385:392	arg1	load					405:408	organic load	397:408	organic load	397:408	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	2	22	theme	manure	365:370	arg1	co-digestion					336:347	co-digestion	336:347	co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM)	336:375	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	2	23	from	ratios	318:323	arg1	load					405:408	organic load	397:408	organic load	397:408	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	5	24	from	%	740:740	arg1	condition					692:700	this condition	687:700	this condition	687:700	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	%					740:740	50.6%	736:740	50.6%	736:740	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	dioxide					771:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	hydrogen					783:790	hydrogen	783:790	hydrogen	783:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	%					733:733	0.1%	730:733	0.1%	730:733	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	%					750:750	39.0%	746:750	39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen	746:790	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	methane					755:761	methane	755:761	methane	755:761	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	5	25	theme	methane	755:761	arg1	composition					714:724	the biogas composition	703:724	the biogas composition	703:724	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	6	26	theme	main	861:864	arg1	pathways					843:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	6	26	theme	main	861:864	arg1	routes					866:871	the main routes	857:871	the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0	857:948	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	2	27	theme	swine	359:363	arg1	SM					373:374	SM	373:374	SM	373:374	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	2	27	theme	swine	359:363	arg1	manure					365:370	swine manure	359:370	swine manure (SM)	359:375	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	6	28	theme	butyric	811:817	arg1	pathways					843:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	6	28	theme	butyric	811:817	arg1	routes					866:871	the main routes	857:871	the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0	857:948	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	3	29	theme	hydrogen	451:458	arg1	production					460:469	The hydrogen production	447:469	The hydrogen production	447:469	The hydrogen production was improved by a C/N ratio of 53.4 used in C2 and C4.
24656548	2	30	theme	CM	352:353	arg1	co-digestion					336:347	co-digestion	336:347	co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM)	336:375	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	0	31	from	production	55:64	arg1	co-digestion					79:90	anaerobic co-digestion	69:90	anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure	69:108	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	4	32	theme	average	530:536	arg1	rate					558:561	The average hydrogen production rate	526:561	The average hydrogen production rate in C4	526:567	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	4	32	theme	average	530:536	arg1	H2/LCMd					580:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	7	33	theme	direct	953:958	arg1	relationship					960:971	A direct relationship	951:971	A direct relationship between coffee mucilage, biogas and cumulative hydrogen volume	951:1034	A direct relationship between coffee mucilage, biogas and cumulative hydrogen volume was established.
24656548	0	34	theme	mucilage	14:21	arg1	Use					0:2	Use	0:2	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.	0:109	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	1	35	theme	agricultural	174:185	arg1	activity					187:194	agricultural activity	174:194	agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	174:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	0	36	theme	new	28:30	arg1	substrate					32:40	a new substrate	26:40	a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure	26:108	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	4	37	theme	wheat	670:674	arg1	starch					676:681	wheat starch	670:681	wheat starch	670:681	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	7	38	theme	cumulative	1009:1018	arg1	volume					1029:1034	cumulative hydrogen volume	1009:1034	cumulative hydrogen volume	1009:1034	A direct relationship between coffee mucilage, biogas and cumulative hydrogen volume was established.
24656548	1	39	from	activity	187:194	arg1	Colombia					199:206	Colombia	199:206	Colombia	199:206	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	39	from	activity	187:194	arg1	producer					235:242	the largest fourth coffee producer	209:242	the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	209:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	3	40	theme	53.4	502:505	arg1	ratio					493:497	a C/N ratio	487:497	a C/N ratio of 53.4 used in C2 and C4	487:523	The hydrogen production was improved by a C/N ratio of 53.4 used in C2 and C4.
24656548	3	41	theme	C/N	489:491	arg1	ratio					493:497	a C/N ratio	487:497	a C/N ratio of 53.4 used in C2 and C4	487:523	The hydrogen production was improved by a C/N ratio of 53.4 used in C2 and C4.
24656548	1	42	theme	Coffee	111:116	arg1	substrate					141:149	a novel substrate	133:149	a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world	133:255	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	42	theme	Coffee	111:116	arg1	CM					128:129	CM	128:129	CM	128:129	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	1	42	theme	Coffee	111:116	arg1	mucilage					118:125	Coffee mucilage	111:125	Coffee mucilage (CM)	111:130	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	6	43	theme	Bu/Ac	924:928	arg1	ratio					930:934	a Bu/Ac ratio	922:934	a Bu/Ac ratio	922:934	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	6	44	theme	fermentation	830:841	arg1	pathways					843:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	6	44	theme	fermentation	830:841	arg1	routes					866:871	the main routes	857:871	the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0	857:948	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	5	45	theme	carbon	764:769	arg1	dioxide					771:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	carbon dioxide	764:777	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	4	46	theme	NL	577:578	arg1	rate					558:561	The average hydrogen production rate	526:561	The average hydrogen production rate in C4	526:567	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	4	46	theme	NL	577:578	arg1	H2/LCMd					580:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	5	47	from	%	750:750	arg1	condition					692:700	this condition	687:700	this condition	687:700	In this condition, the biogas composition was 0.1%, 50.6% and 39.0% of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively.
24656548	6	48	theme	acetic	823:828	arg1	pathways					843:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways	807:850	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	6	48	theme	acetic	823:828	arg1	routes					866:871	the main routes	857:871	the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0	857:948	The butyric and acetic fermentation pathways were the main routes identified during hydrogen production which kept a Bu/Ac ratio at around 1.0.
24656548	0	49	theme	hydrogen	46:53	arg1	production					55:64	hydrogen production	46:64	hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure	46:108	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	2	50	theme	organic	397:403	arg1	load					405:408	organic load	397:408	organic load	397:408	The study evaluated three ratios (C1-3) for co-digestion of CM and swine manure (SM), and an increase in organic load to improve hydrogen production (C4).
24656548	1	51	theme	hydrogen	271:278	arg1	production					280:289	hydrogen production	271:289	hydrogen production	271:289	Coffee mucilage (CM), a novel substrate produced as waste from agricultural activity in Colombia, the largest fourth coffee producer in the world, was used for hydrogen production.
24656548	0	52	theme	coffee	7:12	arg1	mucilage					14:21	coffee mucilage	7:21	coffee mucilage	7:21	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
24656548	4	53	theme	production	547:556	arg1	rate					558:561	The average hydrogen production rate	526:561	The average hydrogen production rate in C4	526:567	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	4	53	theme	production	547:556	arg1	H2/LCMd					580:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	7.6 NL H2/LCMd	573:586	The average hydrogen production rate in C4 was 7.6 NL H2/LCMd, which indicates a high hydrogen potential compare to substrates such as POME and wheat starch.
24656548	0	54	theme	anaerobic	69:77	arg1	co-digestion					79:90	anaerobic co-digestion	69:90	anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure	69:108	Use of coffee mucilage as a new substrate for hydrogen production in anaerobic co-digestion with swine manure.
28106279	5	0	theme	binding	884:890	arg1	affinity					892:899	binding affinity	884:899	binding affinity	884:899	The reduction mechanism and binding affinity of this material is also discussed.
28106279	9	1	with	concordance	1291:1301	arg1	method					1351:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	The results were in good concordance with the high-performance liquid chromatography method.
28106279	5	2	theme	reduction	860:868	arg1	mechanism					870:878	reduction mechanism	860:878	reduction mechanism	860:878	The reduction mechanism and binding affinity of this material is also discussed.
28106279	9	3	theme	chromatography	1336:1349	arg1	method					1351:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	The results were in good concordance with the high-performance liquid chromatography method.
28106279	4	4	theme	voltammetric	686:697	arg1	determination					699:711	voltammetric determination	686:711	voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time,	686:838	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	3	5	theme	carbon	417:422	arg1	electrodes					424:433	bare glassy carbon electrodes	405:433	bare glassy carbon electrodes	405:433	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	9	6	theme	good	1286:1289	arg1	concordance					1291:1301	good concordance	1286:1301	good concordance with the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1286:1356	The results were in good concordance with the high-performance liquid chromatography method.
28106279	8	7	theme	proposed	1156:1163	arg1	method					1165:1170	the proposed method	1152:1170	the proposed method	1152:1170	When the proposed method was applied to brown rice in a recovery test, the recoveries were between 92.20% and 113.75%.
28106279	4	8	theme	thiamethoxam	716:727	arg1	determination					699:711	voltammetric determination	686:711	voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time,	686:838	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	0	9	theme	β-cyclodextrin-graphene	97:119	arg1	composite					121:129	β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite	97:129	β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite	97:129	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam based on β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite.
28106279	7	10	theme	detection	1079:1087	arg1	limit					1070:1074	The limit	1066:1074	The limit of detection	1066:1087	The limit of detection was 0.27 µM on the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.
28106279	2	11	theme	reinforcing	320:330	arg1	composite					296:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	11	theme	reinforcing	320:330	arg1	material					332:339	a reinforcing material	318:339	a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	318:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	3	12	theme	carbon	579:584	arg1	electrode					586:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	3	13	theme	bare	405:408	arg1	electrodes					424:433	bare glassy carbon electrodes	405:433	bare glassy carbon electrodes	405:433	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	12	14	theme	2017	1530:1533	arg1	SETAC					1535:1539	2017 SETAC	1530:1539	2017 SETAC	1530:1539	© 2017 SETAC.
28106279	1	15	theme	thiamethoxam	200:211	arg1	residues					213:220	thiamethoxam residues	200:220	thiamethoxam residues	200:220	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	3	16	theme	glassy	410:415	arg1	electrodes					424:433	bare glassy carbon electrodes	405:433	bare glassy carbon electrodes	405:433	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	10	17	theme	sensitive	1437:1445	arg1	determination					1457:1469	sensitive and rapid determination	1437:1469	sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam	1437:1485	The proposed method therefore provides a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	9	18	theme	high-performance	1312:1327	arg1	method					1351:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	The results were in good concordance with the high-performance liquid chromatography method.
28106279	9	19	theme	liquid	1329:1334	arg1	method					1351:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	the high-performance liquid chromatography method	1308:1356	The results were in good concordance with the high-performance liquid chromatography method.
28106279	1	20	theme	residues	213:220	arg1	detection					187:195	sensitive voltammetric detection	164:195	sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues	164:220	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	0	21	theme	rapid	2:6	arg1	platform					35:42	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform	0:42	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam	0:86	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam based on β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite.
28106279	4	22	theme	oxide	784:788	arg1	oxide					784:788	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	752:788	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	752:788	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	4	22	theme	oxide	784:788	arg1	amount					742:747	the amount	738:747	the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	738:788	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	4	22	theme	oxide	784:788	arg1	temperature					804:814	temperature	804:814	temperature	804:814	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	4	22	theme	oxide	784:788	arg1	accumulation					821:832	accumulation	821:832	accumulation	821:832	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	4	22	theme	oxide	784:788	arg1	pH					800:801	solution pH	791:801	solution pH	791:801	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	2	23	used	used	310:313	arg2	composite					296:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	23	used	used	310:313	arg2	material					332:339	a reinforcing material	318:339	a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	318:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	3	24	theme	reduced	483:489	arg1	electrode					520:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	3	25	theme	peak	450:453	arg1	currents					455:462	the reduction peak currents	436:462	the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	436:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	4	26	theme	experimental	650:661	arg1	conditions					663:672	The experimental conditions	646:672	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time,	646:838	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	3	27	from	electrode	586:594	arg1	currents					455:462	the reduction peak currents	436:462	the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	436:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	3	28	theme	graphene	491:498	arg1	electrode					520:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	0	29	theme	monitoring	24:33	arg1	platform					35:42	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform	0:42	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam	0:86	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam based on β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite.
28106279	4	30	dep	amount	742:747	arg1	time					834:837	time	834:837	time	834:837	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	2	31	theme	electrochemical	344:358	arg1	determination					360:372	electrochemical determination	344:372	electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	344:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	10	32	theme	effective	1414:1422	arg1	platform					1424:1431	a promising and effective platform	1398:1431	a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam	1398:1485	The proposed method therefore provides a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	3	33	theme	β-cyclodextrin-reduced	534:555	arg1	electrode					586:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	0	34	theme	electrochemical	8:22	arg1	platform					35:42	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform	0:42	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam	0:86	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam based on β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite.
28106279	8	35	theme	brown	1187:1191	arg1	rice					1193:1196	brown rice	1187:1196	brown rice	1187:1196	When the proposed method was applied to brown rice in a recovery test, the recoveries were between 92.20% and 113.75%.
28106279	10	36	theme	promising	1400:1408	arg1	platform					1424:1431	a promising and effective platform	1398:1431	a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam	1398:1485	The proposed method therefore provides a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	3	37	theme	graphene	557:564	arg1	electrode					586:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	3	38	theme	thiamethoxam	467:478	arg1	currents					455:462	the reduction peak currents	436:462	the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	436:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	5	39	dep	mechanism	870:878	arg1	The					856:858	The	856:858	The	856:858	The reduction mechanism and binding affinity of this material is also discussed.
28106279	4	40	theme	graphene	775:782	arg1	oxide					784:788	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	752:788	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	752:788	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	2	41	theme	graphene	281:288	arg1	composite					296:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	41	theme	graphene	281:288	arg1	material					332:339	a reinforcing material	318:339	a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	318:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	4	42	theme	solution	791:798	arg1	pH					800:801	solution pH	791:801	solution pH	791:801	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	1	43	theme	present	241:247	arg1	study					249:253	the present study	237:253	the present study	237:253	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	3	44	theme	oxide/glassy	500:511	arg1	electrode					520:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	6	45	theme	peak	977:980	arg1	currents					982:989	the reduction peak currents	963:989	the reduction peak currents	963:989	Under optimal conditions, the reduction peak currents increased linearly between 0.5 µM and 16 µM concentration of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	46	theme	β-cyclodextrin-reduced	258:279	arg1	composite					296:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	46	theme	β-cyclodextrin-reduced	258:279	arg1	material					332:339	a reinforcing material	318:339	a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	318:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	3	47	from	electrode	520:528	arg1	currents					455:462	the reduction peak currents	436:462	the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	436:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	4	48	theme	β-cyclodextrin-reduced	752:773	arg1	oxide					784:788	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	752:788	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide	752:788	The experimental conditions influencing voltammetric determination of thiamethoxam, such as the amount of β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide, solution pH, temperature, and accumulation time, were optimized.
28106279	5	49	theme	material	909:916	arg1	mechanism					870:878	reduction mechanism	860:878	reduction mechanism	860:878	The reduction mechanism and binding affinity of this material is also discussed.
28106279	5	49	theme	material	909:916	arg1	affinity					892:899	binding affinity	884:899	binding affinity	884:899	The reduction mechanism and binding affinity of this material is also discussed.
28106279	6	50	theme	reduction	967:975	arg1	currents					982:989	the reduction peak currents	963:989	the reduction peak currents	963:989	Under optimal conditions, the reduction peak currents increased linearly between 0.5 µM and 16 µM concentration of thiamethoxam.
28106279	7	51	theme	3	1144:1144	arg1	ratio					1135:1139	a signal-to-noise ratio	1117:1139	a signal-to-noise ratio of 3	1117:1144	The limit of detection was 0.27 µM on the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.
28106279	1	52	theme	rapid	134:138	arg1	platform					151:158	A rapid monitoring platform	132:158	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues	132:220	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	0	53	theme	sensitive	48:56	arg1	determination					58:70	sensitive determination	48:70	sensitive determination of thiamethoxam	48:86	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam based on β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite.
28106279	8	54	theme	recovery	1203:1210	arg1	test					1212:1215	a recovery test	1201:1215	a recovery test	1201:1215	When the proposed method was applied to brown rice in a recovery test, the recoveries were between 92.20% and 113.75%.
28106279	1	55	theme	voltammetric	174:185	arg1	detection					187:195	sensitive voltammetric detection	164:195	sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues	164:220	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	7	56	theme	signal-to-noise	1119:1133	arg1	ratio					1135:1139	a signal-to-noise ratio	1117:1139	a signal-to-noise ratio of 3	1117:1144	The limit of detection was 0.27 µM on the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.
28106279	1	57	theme	monitoring	140:149	arg1	platform					151:158	A rapid monitoring platform	132:158	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues	132:220	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	7	58	theme	ratio	1135:1139	arg1	basis					1108:1112	the basis	1104:1112	the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio of 3	1104:1144	The limit of detection was 0.27 µM on the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.
28106279	3	59	theme	oxide/glassy	566:577	arg1	electrode					586:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	534:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	10	60	theme	rapid	1451:1455	arg1	determination					1457:1469	sensitive and rapid determination	1437:1469	sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam	1437:1485	The proposed method therefore provides a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	61	theme	thiamethoxam	377:388	arg1	determination					360:372	electrochemical determination	344:372	electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	344:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	62	from	material	332:339	arg1	determination					360:372	electrochemical determination	344:372	electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	344:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	0	63	theme	thiamethoxam	75:86	arg1	determination					58:70	sensitive determination	48:70	sensitive determination of thiamethoxam	48:86	A rapid electrochemical monitoring platform for sensitive determination of thiamethoxam based on β-cyclodextrin-graphene composite.
28106279	6	64	theme	optimal	943:949	arg1	conditions					951:960	optimal conditions	943:960	optimal conditions	943:960	Under optimal conditions, the reduction peak currents increased linearly between 0.5 µM and 16 µM concentration of thiamethoxam.
28106279	10	65	theme	thiamethoxam	1474:1485	arg1	determination					1457:1469	sensitive and rapid determination	1437:1469	sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam	1437:1485	The proposed method therefore provides a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	1	66	theme	sensitive	164:172	arg1	detection					187:195	sensitive voltammetric detection	164:195	sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues	164:220	A rapid monitoring platform for sensitive voltammetric detection of thiamethoxam residues is reported in the present study.
28106279	3	67	theme	carbon	513:518	arg1	electrode					520:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	483:528	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	6	68	theme	thiamethoxam	1052:1063	arg1	concentration					1035:1047	0.5 µM and 16 µM concentration	1018:1047	0.5 µM and 16 µM concentration of thiamethoxam	1018:1063	Under optimal conditions, the reduction peak currents increased linearly between 0.5 µM and 16 µM concentration of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	69	theme	oxide	290:294	arg1	composite					296:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite	256:304	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	2	69	theme	oxide	290:294	arg1	material					332:339	a reinforcing material	318:339	a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam	318:388	A β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide composite was used as a reinforcing material in electrochemical determination of thiamethoxam.
28106279	3	70	theme	reduction	440:448	arg1	currents					455:462	the reduction peak currents	436:462	the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode	436:594	Compared with bare glassy carbon electrodes, the reduction peak currents of thiamethoxam at reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode and β-cyclodextrin-reduced graphene oxide/glassy carbon electrode were increased by 70- and 124-fold, respectively.
28106279	10	71	theme	proposed	1363:1370	arg1	method					1372:1377	The proposed method	1359:1377	The proposed method	1359:1377	The proposed method therefore provides a promising and effective platform for sensitive and rapid determination of thiamethoxam.
29131607	0	0	theme	Direct	66:71	arg1	Preparation					73:83	Direct Preparation	66:83	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.	0:116	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	4	1	from	presence	458:465	arg1	suspensions					499:509	water suspensions	493:509	water suspensions	493:509	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	9	2	theme	stability	1273:1281	arg1	origin					1259:1264	the origin	1255:1264	the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts	1255:1300	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate appears to be at the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts.
29131607	11	3	theme	papers	1476:1481	arg1	preparation					1454:1464	the easy large-scale preparation	1433:1464	the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers	1433:1481	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	8	4	theme	nanosized	1077:1085	arg1	graphite					1087:1094	a nanosized graphite	1075:1094	a nanosized graphite	1075:1094	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	5	5	theme	such	541:544	arg1	suspensions					546:556	such suspensions	541:556	such suspensions	541:556	Casting or lyophilization of such suspensions led to the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel, respectively.
29131607	1	6	theme	carbon	132:137	arg1	papers					139:144	carbon papers	132:144	carbon papers	132:144	In this work, carbon papers and aerogels based on graphene layers and chitosan were prepared.
29131607	5	7	theme	paper	591:595	arg1	preparation					569:579	the preparation	565:579	the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel	565:607	Casting or lyophilization of such suspensions led to the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel, respectively.
29131607	6	8	located	detected	732:739	arg2	peaks					676:680	peaks	676:680	peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers	676:721	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	6	8	located	detected	732:739	arg1	spectra					633:639	X-ray spectra	627:639	X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper	627:673	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	10	9	theme	X-ray	1362:1366	arg1	findings					1395:1402	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1362:1402	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1362:1402	Cation-π interaction is hypothesized, also on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings.
29131607	5	10	theme	aerogel	601:607	arg1	preparation					569:579	the preparation	565:579	the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel	565:607	Casting or lyophilization of such suspensions led to the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel, respectively.
29131607	5	11	theme	suspensions	546:556	arg1	lyophilization					523:536	lyophilization	523:536	lyophilization	523:536	Casting or lyophilization of such suspensions led to the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel, respectively.
29131607	5	11	theme	suspensions	546:556	arg1	Casting					512:518	Casting	512:518	Casting	512:518	Casting or lyophilization of such suspensions led to the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel, respectively.
29131607	10	12	theme	Cation-π	1303:1310	arg1	interaction					1312:1322	Cation-π interaction	1303:1322	Cation-π interaction	1303:1322	Cation-π interaction is hypothesized, also on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings.
29131607	8	13	theme	monolithic	987:996	arg1	aerogels					1005:1012	monolithic carbon aerogels	987:1012	monolithic carbon aerogels	987:1012	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	4	14	theme	resolution	401:410	arg1	microscopy					434:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	10	15	theme	spectroscopy	1382:1393	arg1	findings					1395:1402	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1362:1402	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1362:1402	Cation-π interaction is hypothesized, also on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings.
29131607	2	16	from	graphite	289:296	arg1	water					308:312	water	308:312	water	308:312	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	6	17	theme	aerogels	649:656	arg1	spectra					633:639	X-ray spectra	627:639	X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper	627:673	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	4	18	attach	presence	458:465	arg1	suspensions					499:509	water suspensions	493:509	water suspensions	493:509	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	4	18	attach	presence	458:465	arg2	layers					483:488	few graphene layers	470:488	few graphene layers	470:488	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	0	19	theme	Surface	95:101	arg1	Graphite					108:115	High Surface Area Graphite	90:115	High Surface Area Graphite	90:115	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	4	20	theme	High	396:399	arg1	microscopy					434:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	6	21	with	graphene	742:749	arg1	structure					770:778	unaltered sp2 structure	756:778	unaltered sp2 structure	756:778	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	2	22	theme	acid	340:343	arg1	presence					321:328	the presence	317:328	the presence of acetic acid	317:343	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	0	23	theme	High	90:93	arg1	Graphite					108:115	High Surface Area Graphite	90:115	High Surface Area Graphite	90:115	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	4	24	theme	electron	425:432	arg1	microscopy					434:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	6	25	theme	layers	716:721	arg1	stacks					697:702	regular stacks	689:702	regular stacks of graphene layers	689:721	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	8	26	theme	graphite	1121:1128	arg1	oxide					1130:1134	graphite oxide	1121:1134	graphite oxide	1121:1134	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	4	27	theme	transmission	412:423	arg1	microscopy					434:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy	396:443	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	8	28	theme	carbon	998:1003	arg1	aerogels					1005:1012	monolithic carbon aerogels	987:1012	monolithic carbon aerogels	987:1012	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	6	29	theme	graphene	707:714	arg1	layers					716:721	graphene layers	707:721	graphene layers	707:721	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	2	30	theme	high	261:264	arg1	HSAG					299:302	HSAG	299:302	HSAG	299:302	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	2	30	theme	high	261:264	arg1	graphite					289:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite	259:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water	259:312	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	3	31	theme	HSAG/CS	346:352	arg1	dispersions					360:370	HSAG/CS water dispersions	346:370	HSAG/CS water dispersions	346:370	HSAG/CS water dispersions were stable for months.
29131607	0	32	theme	Carbon	0:5	arg1	Papers					7:12	Carbon Papers	0:12	Carbon Papers	0:12	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	4	33	theme	water	493:497	arg1	suspensions					499:509	water suspensions	493:509	water suspensions	493:509	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	5	34	theme	carbon	584:589	arg1	paper					591:595	carbon paper	584:595	carbon paper	584:595	Casting or lyophilization of such suspensions led to the preparation of carbon paper and aerogel, respectively.
29131607	9	35	theme	Strong	1162:1167	arg1	interaction					1169:1179	Strong interaction	1162:1179	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate	1162:1236	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate appears to be at the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts.
29131607	11	36	theme	environmental	1515:1527	arg1	impact					1529:1534	a low environmental impact	1509:1534	a low environmental impact	1509:1534	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	6	37	theme	X-ray	627:631	arg1	spectra					633:639	X-ray spectra	627:639	X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper	627:673	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	3	38	theme	water	354:358	arg1	dispersions					360:370	HSAG/CS water dispersions	346:370	HSAG/CS water dispersions	346:370	HSAG/CS water dispersions were stable for months.
29131607	8	39	theme	successive	1140:1149	arg1	reduction					1151:1159	successive reduction	1140:1159	successive reduction	1140:1159	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	9	40	theme	HSAG/CS	1286:1292	arg1	adducts					1294:1300	HSAG/CS adducts	1286:1300	HSAG/CS adducts	1286:1300	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate appears to be at the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts.
29131607	10	41	theme	findings	1395:1402	arg1	basis					1353:1357	the basis	1349:1357	the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1349:1402	Cation-π interaction is hypothesized, also on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings.
29131607	9	42	theme	adducts	1294:1300	arg1	stability					1273:1281	the stability	1269:1281	the stability of HSAG/CS adducts	1269:1300	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate appears to be at the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts.
29131607	0	43	theme	Area	103:106	arg1	Graphite					108:115	High Surface Area Graphite	90:115	High Surface Area Graphite	90:115	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	1	44	theme	graphene	168:175	arg1	layers					177:182	graphene layers	168:182	graphene layers	168:182	In this work, carbon papers and aerogels based on graphene layers and chitosan were prepared.
29131607	9	45	theme	polycationic	1189:1200	arg1	chitosan					1202:1209	polycationic chitosan	1189:1209	polycationic chitosan	1189:1209	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate appears to be at the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts.
29131607	2	46	theme	acetic	333:338	arg1	acid					340:343	acetic acid	333:343	acetic acid	333:343	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	11	47	theme	easy	1437:1440	arg1	preparation					1454:1464	the easy large-scale preparation	1433:1464	the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers	1433:1481	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	4	48	theme	few	470:472	arg1	layers					483:488	few graphene layers	470:488	few graphene layers	470:488	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	8	49	theme	flexible	1018:1025	arg1	papers					1054:1059	flexible and free-standing graphene papers	1018:1059	flexible and free-standing graphene papers	1018:1059	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	6	50	theme	regular	689:695	arg1	stacks					697:702	regular stacks	689:702	regular stacks of graphene layers	689:721	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	6	51	theme	reaction	848:855	arg1	use					828:830	the use	824:830	the use of any chemical reaction	824:855	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	8	52	theme	graphene	1045:1052	arg1	papers					1054:1059	flexible and free-standing graphene papers	1018:1059	flexible and free-standing graphene papers	1018:1059	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	0	53	theme	Graphene	36:43	arg1	Layers					45:50	Graphene Layers	36:50	Graphene Layers	36:50	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	4	54	theme	layers	483:488	arg1	presence					458:465	the presence	454:465	the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions	454:509	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	8	55	theme	free-standing	1031:1043	arg1	papers					1054:1059	flexible and free-standing graphene papers	1018:1059	flexible and free-standing graphene papers	1018:1059	Chitosan thus makes it possible to obtain monolithic carbon aerogels and flexible and free-standing graphene papers directly from a nanosized graphite by avoiding oxidation to graphite oxide and successive reduction.
29131607	6	56	theme	sp2	766:768	arg1	structure					770:778	unaltered sp2 structure	756:778	unaltered sp2 structure	756:778	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	9	57	theme	aromatic	1219:1226	arg1	substrate					1228:1236	the aromatic substrate	1215:1236	the aromatic substrate	1215:1236	Strong interaction between polycationic chitosan and the aromatic substrate appears to be at the origin of the stability of HSAG/CS adducts.
29131607	2	58	theme	nanosized	279:287	arg1	HSAG					299:302	HSAG	299:302	HSAG	299:302	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	2	58	theme	nanosized	279:287	arg1	graphite					289:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite	259:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water	259:312	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	2	59	from	chitosan	241:248	arg1	water					308:312	water	308:312	water	308:312	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	4	60	theme	graphene	474:481	arg1	layers					483:488	few graphene layers	470:488	few graphene layers	470:488	High resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of few graphene layers in water suspensions.
29131607	11	61	theme	low	1511:1513	arg1	impact					1529:1534	a low environmental impact	1509:1534	a low environmental impact	1509:1534	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	6	62	theme	unaltered	756:764	arg1	structure					770:778	unaltered sp2 structure	756:778	unaltered sp2 structure	756:778	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	10	63	theme	photoelectron	1368:1380	arg1	findings					1395:1402	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1362:1402	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings	1362:1402	Cation-π interaction is hypothesized, also on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy findings.
29131607	2	64	theme	area	274:277	arg1	HSAG					299:302	HSAG	299:302	HSAG	299:302	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	2	64	theme	area	274:277	arg1	graphite					289:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite	259:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water	259:312	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	11	65	theme	large-scale	1442:1452	arg1	preparation					1454:1464	the easy large-scale preparation	1433:1464	the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers	1433:1481	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	11	66	theme	biosourced	1554:1563	arg1	polymer					1565:1571	a biosourced polymer	1552:1571	a biosourced polymer	1552:1571	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	2	67	theme	surface	266:272	arg1	HSAG					299:302	HSAG	299:302	HSAG	299:302	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	2	67	theme	surface	266:272	arg1	graphite					289:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite	259:296	a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water	259:312	They were obtained by mixing chitosan (CS) and a high surface area nanosized graphite (HSAG) in water in the presence of acetic acid.
29131607	11	68	contain	has	1505:1507	arg1	method					1493:1498	a method	1491:1498	a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water	1491:1592	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	11	68	contain	has	1505:1507	arg2	impact					1529:1534	a low environmental impact	1509:1534	a low environmental impact	1509:1534	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
29131607	0	69	dep	Papers	7:12	arg1	Preparation					73:83	Direct Preparation	66:83	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.	0:116	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	6	70	theme	paper	669:673	arg1	spectra					633:639	X-ray spectra	627:639	X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper	627:673	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	0	71	from	Graphite	108:115	arg1	Preparation					73:83	Direct Preparation	66:83	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.	0:116	Carbon Papers and Aerogels Based on Graphene Layers and Chitosan: Direct Preparation from High Surface Area Graphite.
29131607	6	72	theme	chemical	839:846	arg1	reaction					848:855	any chemical reaction	835:855	any chemical reaction	835:855	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	6	73	theme	carbon	662:667	arg1	paper					669:673	carbon paper	662:673	carbon paper	662:673	In X-ray spectra of both aerogels and carbon paper, peaks due to regular stacks of graphene layers were not detected: graphene with unaltered sp2 structure was obtained directly from graphite without the use of any chemical reaction.
29131607	11	74	theme	carbon	1469:1474	arg1	papers					1476:1481	carbon papers	1469:1481	carbon papers	1469:1481	This work paves the way for the easy large-scale preparation of carbon papers through a method that has a low environmental impact and is based on a biosourced polymer, graphene, and water.
27334397	0	0	theme	ratti	92:96	arg1	stages					46:51	free-living stages	34:51	free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	34:96	Optimizing culture conditions for free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti.
27334397	0	1	theme	Strongyloides	78:90	arg1	ratti					92:96	the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	56:96	the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	56:96	Optimizing culture conditions for free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti.
27334397	6	2	theme	reproductive	870:881	arg1	output					883:888	reproductive output	870:888	reproductive output	870:888	Whilst worms did grow on these plates, their longevity and reproductive output compared to fecal cultures were dramatically reduced.
27334397	2	3	theme	free-living	340:350	arg1	generations					352:362	facultative free-living generations	328:362	facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults	328:393	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	1	4	theme	evolution	240:248	arg1	aspects					208:214	various aspects	200:214	various aspects of parasite biology and evolution	200:248	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	7	5	theme	performing	1068:1077	arg1	one					1079:1081	the best performing one	1059:1081	the best performing one	1059:1081	In order to improve the culture success we tested other plates occasionally used for C. elegans and, starting from the best performing one, systematically varied the plate composition, the temperature and the food in order to further optimize the conditions.
27334397	2	6	theme	parthenogenetic	276:290	arg1	females					292:298	parasitic parthenogenetic females	266:298	parasitic parthenogenetic females	266:298	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	8	7	theme	improved	1295:1302	arg1	success					1317:1323	strongly improved reproductive success	1286:1323	strongly improved reproductive success	1286:1323	Here we present a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity.
27334397	2	8	theme	parasitic	266:274	arg1	females					292:298	parasitic parthenogenetic females	266:298	parasitic parthenogenetic females	266:298	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	5	9	theme	Escherichia	712:722	arg1	OP50					729:732	Escherichia coli OP50	712:732	Escherichia coli OP50	712:732	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	1	10	dep	nematode	117:124	arg1	ratti					140:144	ratti	140:144	ratti	140:144	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	1	10	dep	nematode	117:124	arg1	ratti					150:154	ratti	150:154	ratti	150:154	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	5	11	with	S. ratti	660:667	arg1	OP50					729:732	Escherichia coli OP50	712:732	Escherichia coli OP50	712:732	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	5	12	theme	model	772:776	arg1	elegans					802:808	the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	768:808	the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	768:808	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	0	13	theme	culture	11:17	arg1	conditions					19:28	culture conditions	11:28	culture conditions	11:28	Optimizing culture conditions for free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti.
27334397	7	14	dep	tested	987:992	arg1	varied					1099:1104	varied	1099:1104	systematically varied the plate composition, the temperature and the food in order to further optimize the conditions	1084:1200	In order to improve the culture success we tested other plates occasionally used for C. elegans and, starting from the best performing one, systematically varied the plate composition, the temperature and the food in order to further optimize the conditions.
27334397	2	15	theme	adults	388:393	arg1	generations					352:362	facultative free-living generations	328:362	facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults	328:393	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	4	16	from	difficult	548:556	arg1	cultures					518:525	fecal cultures	512:525	fecal cultures	512:525	However, in fecal cultures the worms are rather difficult to find for observation and experimental manipulation.
27334397	5	17	theme	NGM	695:697	arg1	plates					700:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	2	18	theme	reproducing	376:386	arg1	adults					388:393	sexually reproducing adults	367:393	sexually reproducing adults	367:393	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	5	19	theme	nematode	778:785	arg1	elegans					802:808	the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	768:808	the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	768:808	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	5	20	theme	Media	688:692	arg1	plates					700:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	1	21	theme	rat	103:105	arg1	nematode					117:124	rat parasitic nematode	103:124	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti)	99:155	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	1	22	theme	model	183:187	arg1	system					189:194	a model system	181:194	a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution	181:248	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	5	23	theme	Caenorhabditis	787:800	arg1	elegans					802:808	the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	768:808	the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	768:808	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	1	24	theme	parasitic	107:115	arg1	nematode					117:124	rat parasitic nematode	103:124	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti)	99:155	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	7	25	theme	plate	1110:1114	arg1	composition					1116:1126	the plate composition	1106:1126	the plate composition	1106:1126	In order to improve the culture success we tested other plates occasionally used for C. elegans and, starting from the best performing one, systematically varied the plate composition, the temperature and the food in order to further optimize the conditions.
27334397	3	26	theme	host	494:497	arg1	feces					479:483	the feces	475:483	the feces of their host	475:497	These free-living worms are bacteriovorous and grow very well when cultured in the feces of their host.
27334397	4	27	from	cultures	518:525	arg1	worms					531:535	the worms	527:535	the worms	527:535	However, in fecal cultures the worms are rather difficult to find for observation and experimental manipulation.
27334397	4	27	from	cultures	518:525	arg1	difficult					548:556	difficult	548:556	difficult	548:556	However, in fecal cultures the worms are rather difficult to find for observation and experimental manipulation.
27334397	8	28	theme	culturing	1227:1235	arg1	protocol					1237:1244	a plate culturing protocol	1219:1244	a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity	1219:1337	Here we present a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity.
27334397	0	29	theme	free-living	34:44	arg1	stages					46:51	free-living stages	34:51	free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	34:96	Optimizing culture conditions for free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti.
27334397	5	30	from	S. ratti	660:667	arg1	plates					700:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	1	31	theme	various	200:206	arg1	aspects					208:214	various aspects	200:214	various aspects of parasite biology and evolution	200:248	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	3	32	theme	free-living	402:412	arg1	worms					414:418	These free-living worms	396:418	These free-living worms	396:418	These free-living worms are bacteriovorous and grow very well when cultured in the feces of their host.
27334397	4	33	theme	fecal	512:516	arg1	cultures					518:525	fecal cultures	512:525	fecal cultures	512:525	However, in fecal cultures the worms are rather difficult to find for observation and experimental manipulation.
27334397	5	34	dep	Escherichia	712:722	arg1	coli					724:727	coli	724:727	coli	724:727	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	7	35	theme	other	994:998	arg1	plates					1000:1005	other plates	994:1005	other plates occasionally used for C. elegans	994:1038	In order to improve the culture success we tested other plates occasionally used for C. elegans and, starting from the best performing one, systematically varied the plate composition, the temperature and the food in order to further optimize the conditions.
27334397	2	36	theme	facultative	328:338	arg1	generations					352:362	facultative free-living generations	328:362	facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults	328:393	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	6	37	theme	fecal	902:906	arg1	cultures					908:915	fecal cultures	902:915	fecal cultures	902:915	Whilst worms did grow on these plates, their longevity and reproductive output compared to fecal cultures were dramatically reduced.
27334397	7	38	theme	culture	968:974	arg1	success					976:982	the culture success	964:982	the culture success	964:982	In order to improve the culture success we tested other plates occasionally used for C. elegans and, starting from the best performing one, systematically varied the plate composition, the temperature and the food in order to further optimize the conditions.
27334397	2	39	dep	females	292:298	arg1	addition					254:261	addition	254:261	addition	254:261	In addition to parasitic parthenogenetic females, this species can also form facultative free-living generations of sexually reproducing adults.
27334397	5	40	theme	Nematode	672:679	arg1	plates					700:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	5	41	theme	Growth	681:686	arg1	plates					700:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates	672:705	Therefore, it has also been attempted to raise S. ratti on Nematode Growth Media (NGM) plates with Escherichia coli OP50 as food, exactly as described for the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
27334397	8	42	theme	reproductive	1304:1315	arg1	success					1317:1323	strongly improved reproductive success	1286:1323	strongly improved reproductive success	1286:1323	Here we present a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity.
27334397	8	43	theme	free-living	1250:1260	arg1	stages					1262:1267	free-living stages	1250:1267	free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity	1250:1337	Here we present a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity.
27334397	4	44	theme	experimental	586:597	arg1	manipulation					599:610	experimental manipulation	586:610	experimental manipulation	586:610	However, in fecal cultures the worms are rather difficult to find for observation and experimental manipulation.
27334397	0	45	theme	parasite	69:76	arg1	ratti					92:96	the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	56:96	the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	56:96	Optimizing culture conditions for free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti.
27334397	8	46	theme	plate	1221:1225	arg1	protocol					1237:1244	a plate culturing protocol	1219:1244	a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity	1219:1337	Here we present a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity.
27334397	8	47	theme	S. ratti	1272:1279	arg1	stages					1262:1267	free-living stages	1250:1267	free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity	1250:1337	Here we present a plate culturing protocol for free-living stages of S. ratti with strongly improved reproductive success and longevity.
27334397	1	48	theme	parasite	219:226	arg1	biology					228:234	parasite biology	219:234	parasite biology	219:234	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27334397	0	49	theme	nematode	60:67	arg1	ratti					92:96	the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	56:96	the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti	56:96	Optimizing culture conditions for free-living stages of the nematode parasite Strongyloides ratti.
27334397	1	50	theme	biology	228:234	arg1	aspects					208:214	various aspects	200:214	various aspects of parasite biology and evolution	200:248	The rat parasitic nematode Strongyloides ratti (S. ratti) has recently emerged as a model system for various aspects of parasite biology and evolution.
27038078	1	0	theme	Ti-6Al-4V	180:188	arg1	modifications					163:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications	128:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V)	128:195	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	6	1	theme	matrix	1063:1068	arg1	mineralization					1070:1083	significant long-term matrix mineralization	1041:1083	significant long-term matrix mineralization	1041:1083	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	0	2	from	influence	12:20	arg1	potential					92:100	osteogenic potential	81:100	osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V	81:113	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	7	3	theme	implants	1170:1177	arg1	osseointegration					1135:1150	improved osseointegration	1126:1150	improved osseointegration of titanium-based implants	1126:1177	The results open promising route toward improved osseointegration of titanium-based implants.
27038078	6	4	theme	long-term	1053:1061	arg1	mineralization					1070:1083	significant long-term matrix mineralization	1041:1083	significant long-term matrix mineralization	1041:1083	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	5	5	theme	TA6V	686:689	arg1	topographies					670:681	The desired nano/microrough topographies	642:681	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V	642:689	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V were maintained upon LbL deposition.
27038078	4	6	theme	processing	600:609	arg1	step					611:614	each surface processing step	587:614	each surface processing step	587:614	The structural impact of each surface processing step was thoroughly inspected.
27038078	0	7	theme	Ti-6Al-4V	105:113	arg1	potential					92:100	osteogenic potential	81:100	osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V	81:113	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	6	8	theme	combined	853:860	arg1	modifications					862:874	independent or combined modifications	838:874	independent or combined modifications of the topography	838:892	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	6	9	theme	significant	739:749	arg1	promotion					751:759	no significant promotion	736:759	no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	736:816	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	1	10	theme	surface	155:161	arg1	modifications					163:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications	128:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V)	128:195	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	6	11	theme	osteogenic	942:951	arg1	maturation					953:962	osteogenic maturation	942:962	osteogenic maturation	942:962	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	3	12	theme	sulfate	468:474	arg1	A					476:476	chondroitin sulfate A	456:476	chondroitin sulfate A	456:476	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	0	13	theme	sulfate-based	53:65	arg1	treatments					67:76	topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments	25:76	topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments	25:76	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	0	14	theme	chondroitin	41:51	arg1	treatments					67:76	topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments	25:76	topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments	25:76	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	6	15	theme	independent	838:848	arg1	modifications					862:874	independent or combined modifications	838:874	independent or combined modifications of the topography	838:892	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	6	16	theme	substrates	930:939	arg1	composition					911:921	the chemical composition	898:921	the chemical composition of the substrates	898:939	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	6	16	theme	substrates	930:939	arg1	modifications					862:874	independent or combined modifications	838:874	independent or combined modifications of the topography	838:892	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	5	17	theme	desired	646:652	arg1	topographies					670:681	The desired nano/microrough topographies	642:681	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V	642:689	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V were maintained upon LbL deposition.
27038078	2	18	dep	cavities	339:346	arg1	left					348:351	left	348:351	left	348:351	By acid-etching, we first generated topomimetic surface features resembling, in size and roughness, bone cavities left by osteoclasts.
27038078	0	19	theme	Synergistic	0:10	arg1	influence					12:20	Synergistic influence	0:20	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.	0:114	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	5	20	theme	nano/microrough	654:668	arg1	topographies					670:681	The desired nano/microrough topographies	642:681	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V	642:689	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V were maintained upon LbL deposition.
27038078	0	21	theme	topomimetic	25:35	arg1	treatments					67:76	topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments	25:76	topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments	25:76	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	3	22	theme	chondroitin	456:466	arg1	sulfate					468:474	chondroitin sulfate	456:474	chondroitin sulfate A	456:476	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	7	23	theme	titanium-based	1155:1168	arg1	implants					1170:1177	titanium-based implants	1155:1177	titanium-based implants	1155:1177	The results open promising route toward improved osseointegration of titanium-based implants.
27038078	1	24	theme	osteogenic	212:221	arg1	potential					223:231	its osteogenic potential	208:231	its osteogenic potential	208:231	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	3	25	theme	Layer-by-Layer	416:429	arg1	LbL					438:440	LbL	438:440	LbL	438:440	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	3	25	theme	Layer-by-Layer	416:429	arg1	films					431:435	biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films	405:435	biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL)	405:441	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	4	26	theme	structural	566:575	arg1	impact					577:582	The structural impact	562:582	The structural impact of each surface processing step	562:614	The structural impact of each surface processing step was thoroughly inspected.
27038078	7	27	theme	improved	1126:1133	arg1	osseointegration					1135:1150	improved osseointegration	1126:1150	improved osseointegration of titanium-based implants	1126:1177	The results open promising route toward improved osseointegration of titanium-based implants.
27038078	9	28	dep	A	1235:1235	arg1	1988-2000					1244:1252	1988-2000	1244:1252	1988-2000	1244:1252	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1988-2000, 2016.
27038078	9	28	dep	A	1235:1235	arg1	104A					1238:1241	104A	1238:1241	104A	1238:1241	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1988-2000, 2016.
27038078	3	29	with	post-treatment	533:546	arg1	genipin					553:559	genipin	553:559	genipin	553:559	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	8	30	dep	©	1180:1180	arg1	Inc.					1206:1209	Inc.	1206:1209	Inc.	1206:1209	© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
27038078	6	31	theme	preosteoblasts	803:816	arg1	promotion					751:759	no significant promotion	736:759	no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	736:816	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	1	32	mod	modifications	163:175	arg1	TA6V					191:194	TA6V	191:194	TA6V	191:194	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	1	32	mod	modifications	163:175	arg1	Ti-6Al-4V					180:188	Ti-6Al-4V	180:188	Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V)	180:195	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	1	32	mod	modifications	163:175	arg3	surface					155:161	topographical and chemical surface modifications	128:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V)	128:195	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	0	33	theme	treatments	67:76	arg1	influence					12:20	Synergistic influence	0:20	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.	0:114	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	6	34	theme	chemical	902:909	arg1	composition					911:921	the chemical composition	898:921	the chemical composition of the substrates	898:939	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	6	35	theme	MC3T3-E1	794:801	arg1	preosteoblasts					803:816	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	794:816	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	794:816	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	1	36	theme	topographical	128:140	arg1	modifications					163:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications	128:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V)	128:195	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	3	37	theme	biomimetic	405:414	arg1	LbL					438:440	LbL	438:440	LbL	438:440	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	3	37	theme	biomimetic	405:414	arg1	films					431:435	biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films	405:435	biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL)	405:441	Next, we coated these surfaces with biomimetic Layer-by-Layer films (LbL), composed of chondroitin sulfate A and poly-l-lysine that were mechanically tuned after a post-treatment with genipin.
27038078	6	38	theme	surface	987:993	arg1	treatments					995:1004	both surface treatments	982:1004	both surface treatments	982:1004	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	5	39	theme	LbL	712:714	arg1	deposition					716:725	LbL deposition	712:725	LbL deposition	712:725	The desired nano/microrough topographies of TA6V were maintained upon LbL deposition.
27038078	2	40	theme	surface	282:288	arg1	features					290:297	topomimetic surface features	270:297	topomimetic surface features	270:297	By acid-etching, we first generated topomimetic surface features resembling, in size and roughness, bone cavities left by osteoclasts.
27038078	6	41	theme	proliferation	777:789	arg1	promotion					751:759	no significant promotion	736:759	no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	736:816	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	1	42	theme	chemical	146:153	arg1	modifications					163:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications	128:175	topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V)	128:195	We combined topographical and chemical surface modifications of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) to improve its osteogenic potential.
27038078	7	43	theme	promising	1103:1111	arg1	route					1113:1117	promising route	1103:1117	promising route	1103:1117	The results open promising route toward improved osseointegration of titanium-based implants.
27038078	6	44	theme	topography	883:892	arg1	composition					911:921	the chemical composition	898:921	the chemical composition of the substrates	898:939	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	6	44	theme	topography	883:892	arg1	modifications					862:874	independent or combined modifications	838:874	independent or combined modifications of the topography	838:892	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	2	45	theme	topomimetic	270:280	arg1	features					290:297	topomimetic surface features	270:297	topomimetic surface features	270:297	By acid-etching, we first generated topomimetic surface features resembling, in size and roughness, bone cavities left by osteoclasts.
27038078	2	46	theme	bone	334:337	arg1	cavities					339:346	bone cavities	334:346	bone cavities left by osteoclasts	334:366	By acid-etching, we first generated topomimetic surface features resembling, in size and roughness, bone cavities left by osteoclasts.
27038078	4	47	theme	step	611:614	arg1	impact					577:582	The structural impact	562:582	The structural impact of each surface processing step	562:614	The structural impact of each surface processing step was thoroughly inspected.
27038078	0	48	theme	osteogenic	81:90	arg1	potential					92:100	osteogenic potential	81:100	osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V	81:113	Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V.
27038078	6	49	theme	adhesion	764:771	arg1	promotion					751:759	no significant promotion	736:759	no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	736:816	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
27038078	4	50	theme	surface	592:598	arg1	step					611:614	each surface processing step	587:614	each surface processing step	587:614	The structural impact of each surface processing step was thoroughly inspected.
27038078	6	51	theme	significant	1041:1051	arg1	mineralization					1070:1083	significant long-term matrix mineralization	1041:1083	significant long-term matrix mineralization	1041:1083	Whereas no significant promotion of adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were detected after independent or combined modifications of the topography and the chemical composition of the substrates, osteogenic maturation was promoted when both surface treatments were combined, as was evidenced by significant long-term matrix mineralization.
26971160	2	0	theme	lactation	566:574	arg1	performance					576:586	lactation performance	566:586	lactation performance	566:586	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	5	1	dep	SC	1146:1147	arg1	3					1143:1143	3	1143:1143	3	1143:1143	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	6	2	theme	same	1253:1256	arg1	amount					1258:1263	the same amount	1249:1263	the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1249:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	2	theme	same	1253:1256	arg1	hay					1301:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	2	theme	same	1253:1256	arg1	forages					1268:1274	forages	1268:1274	forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1268:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	2	theme	same	1253:1256	arg1	silage					1282:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	14	3	theme	several	2426:2432	arg1	interactions					2446:2457	several significant interactions	2426:2457	several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat	2426:2491	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	9	4	from	interaction	1636:1646	arg1	milk					1699:1702	energy-corrected milk	1682:1702	energy-corrected milk	1682:1702	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	10	5	theme	SC	1811:1812	arg1	inclusion					1814:1822	SC inclusion	1811:1822	SC inclusion	1811:1822	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	3	6	theme	dairy	691:695	arg1	weight=620±15kg					708:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	3	6	theme	dairy	691:695	arg1	cows					697:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows	664:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation)	664:767	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	0	7	theme	cows	177:180	arg1	profile					137:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	0	7	theme	cows	177:180	arg1	performance					86:96	lactation performance	76:96	lactation performance	76:96	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	0	7	theme	cows	177:180	arg1	fermentation					107:118	ruminal fermentation	99:118	ruminal fermentation	99:118	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	0	7	theme	cows	177:180	arg1	metabolites					156:166	blood metabolites	150:166	blood metabolites of dairy cows	150:180	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	1	8	theme	acids	417:421	arg1	patterns					378:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	1	8	theme	acids	417:421	arg1	biohydrogenation					391:406	biohydrogenation	391:406	biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen	391:434	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	13	9	from	concentration	2257:2269	arg1	fat					2293:2295	milk fat	2288:2295	milk fat	2288:2295	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	10	10	theme	related	1842:1848	arg1	increase					1833:1840	an increase	1830:1840	an increase related to the SC-SF diet	1830:1866	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	3	11	theme	multiparous	670:680	arg1	weight=620±15kg					708:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	3	11	theme	multiparous	670:680	arg1	cows					697:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows	664:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation)	664:767	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	14	12	theme	unsaturated	2477:2487	arg1	fat					2489:2491	unsaturated fat	2477:2491	unsaturated fat	2477:2491	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	11	13	theme	fatty	1976:1980	arg1	acids					1982:1986	medium-chain fatty acids	1963:1986	medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0)	1963:2001	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	13	theme	fatty	1976:1980	arg1	16:0					1997:2000	12:0 to 16:0	1989:2000	12:0 to 16:0	1989:2000	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	13	14	theme	fat	2193:2195	arg1	content					2197:2203	milk fat content	2188:2203	milk fat content	2188:2203	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	2	15	theme	sugar	507:511	arg1	concentrations					513:526	different sugar concentrations	497:526	different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation	497:561	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	3	16	from	treatments	795:804	arg1	design					839:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	0	17	theme	milk	121:124	arg1	profile					137:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	6	18	theme	alfalfa	1293:1299	arg1	hay					1301:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	18	theme	alfalfa	1293:1299	arg1	forages					1268:1274	forages	1268:1274	forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1268:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	1	19	dep	seed	231:234	arg1	supplementation					258:272	supplementation	258:272	supplementation	258:272	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	0	20	theme	acid	132:135	arg1	profile					137:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	13	21	theme	decreased	2247:2255	arg1	concentration					2257:2269	decreased concentration	2247:2269	decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat	2247:2295	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	8	22	theme	SF	1525:1526	arg1	supplementation					1528:1542	SF supplementation	1525:1542	SF supplementation	1525:1542	No interaction was detected between SC and SF supplementation with respect to dry matter intake, milk yield, and composition.
26971160	11	23	theme	12:0	1989:1992	arg1	acids					1982:1986	medium-chain fatty acids	1963:1986	medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0)	1963:2001	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	23	theme	12:0	1989:1992	arg1	16:0					1997:2000	12:0 to 16:0	1989:2000	12:0 to 16:0	1989:2000	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	3	24	theme	60±10	725:729	arg1	d					731:731	60±10 d	725:731	60±10 d in milk	725:739	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	1	25	theme	fermentation	365:376	arg1	patterns					378:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	2	26	theme	dairy	652:656	arg1	cows					658:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	3	27	theme	±	747:747	arg1	deviation					758:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	0	28	theme	blood	150:154	arg1	metabolites					156:166	blood metabolites	150:166	blood metabolites of dairy cows	150:180	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	2	29	theme	study	459:463	arg1	objective					441:449	The objective	437:449	The objective of this study	437:463	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	2	30	from	profile	631:637	arg1	cows					658:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	10	31	theme	Ruminal	1747:1753	arg1	pH					1755:1756	Ruminal pH	1747:1756	Ruminal pH	1747:1756	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	1	32	from	biohydrogenation	391:406	arg1	rumen					430:434	the rumen	426:434	the rumen	426:434	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	8	33	theme	matter	1564:1569	arg1	intake					1571:1576	dry matter intake	1560:1576	dry matter intake	1560:1576	No interaction was detected between SC and SF supplementation with respect to dry matter intake, milk yield, and composition.
26971160	3	34	theme	4×4	822:824	arg1	design					839:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	11	35	theme	fatty	1933:1937	arg1	10:0					1953:1956	4:0 to 10:0	1946:1956	4:0 to 10:0	1946:1956	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	35	theme	fatty	1933:1937	arg1	acids					1939:1943	short-chain fatty acids	1921:1943	short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0)	1921:1957	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	0	36	theme	lactation	76:84	arg1	performance					86:96	lactation performance	76:96	lactation performance	76:96	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	1	37	theme	milk	301:304	arg1	fat					306:308	milk fat	301:308	milk fat concentration	301:322	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	0	38	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	profile					137:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	0	38	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	fermentation					107:118	ruminal fermentation	99:118	ruminal fermentation	99:118	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	0	38	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	performance					86:96	lactation performance	76:96	lactation performance	76:96	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	0	38	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	metabolites					156:166	blood metabolites	150:166	blood metabolites of dairy cows	150:180	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	2	39	theme	milk	615:618	arg1	profile					631:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	10	40	theme	molar	1766:1770	arg1	proportion					1772:1781	the molar proportion	1762:1781	the molar proportion of acetate	1762:1792	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	13	41	theme	trans-18:1	2274:2283	arg1	concentration					2257:2269	decreased concentration	2247:2269	decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat	2247:2295	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	5	42	theme	following	1010:1018	arg1	diets					1022:1026	the following 4 diets	1006:1026	the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC	1006:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	42	theme	following	1010:1018	arg1	SC					1193:1194	(4) SC	1189:1194	(4) SC	1189:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	42	theme	following	1010:1018	arg1	SC					1047:1048	no additional SC	1033:1048	(1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF),	1029:1183	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	7	43	theme	sugar	1465:1469	arg1	beet					1471:1474	sugar beet	1465:1474	sugar beet	1465:1474	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	4	44	theme	21-d	899:902	arg1	period					904:909	Each 21-d period	894:909	Each 21-d period	894:909	Each 21-d period consisted of a 14-d diet adaptation period and 7-d collection period.
26971160	13	45	theme	milk	2288:2291	arg1	fat					2293:2295	milk fat	2288:2295	milk fat	2288:2295	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	5	46	theme	diets	1022:1026	arg1	diets					1022:1026	the following 4 diets	1006:1026	the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC	1006:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	46	theme	diets	1022:1026	arg1	1					1001:1001	1	1001:1001	1	1001:1001	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	46	theme	diets	1022:1026	arg1	SC					1047:1048	no additional SC	1033:1048	(1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF),	1029:1183	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	46	theme	diets	1022:1026	arg1	SC					1193:1194	(4) SC	1189:1194	(4) SC	1189:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	3	47	theme	square	832:837	arg1	design					839:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	4	48	theme	7-d	958:960	arg1	period					973:978	7-d collection period	958:978	7-d collection period	958:978	Each 21-d period consisted of a 14-d diet adaptation period and 7-d collection period.
26971160	5	49	dep	SC	1047:1048	arg1	1					1030:1030	1	1030:1030	1	1030:1030	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	7	50	from	change	1424:1429	arg1	proportions					1434:1444	proportions	1434:1444	proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp	1434:1479	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	2	51	theme	acid	626:629	arg1	profile					631:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	0	52	theme	dietary	10:16	arg1	concentration					24:36	dietary sugar concentration	10:36	dietary sugar concentration	10:36	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	7	53	theme	isonitrogenous	1312:1325	arg1	diets					1344:1348	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets	1307:1348	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets	1307:1348	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	3	54	theme	2×2	853:855	arg1	arrangement					867:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement	851:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments	851:891	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	9	55	from	amount	1721:1726	arg1	diet					1741:1744	the SC-SF diet	1731:1744	the SC-SF diet	1731:1744	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	4	56	theme	diet	931:934	arg1	period					947:952	a 14-d diet adaptation period	924:952	a 14-d diet adaptation period	924:952	Each 21-d period consisted of a 14-d diet adaptation period and 7-d collection period.
26971160	5	57	theme	SF	1157:1158	arg1	SC-SF					1177:1181	SC-SF	1177:1181	SC-SF	1177:1181	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	57	theme	SF	1157:1158	arg1	supplementation					1160:1174	SF supplementation	1157:1174	SF supplementation (SC-SF)	1157:1182	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	0	58	theme	concentration	24:36	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.	0:181	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	5	59	theme	additional	1036:1045	arg1	diets					1022:1026	the following 4 diets	1006:1026	the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC	1006:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	59	theme	additional	1036:1045	arg1	SC					1047:1048	no additional SC	1033:1048	(1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF),	1029:1183	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	11	60	theme	short-chain	1921:1931	arg1	10:0					1953:1956	4:0 to 10:0	1946:1956	4:0 to 10:0	1946:1956	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	60	theme	short-chain	1921:1931	arg1	acids					1939:1943	short-chain fatty acids	1921:1943	short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0)	1921:1957	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	2	61	from	performance	576:586	arg1	cows					658:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	0	62	theme	supplementation	57:71	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.	0:181	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	13	63	theme	dry	2166:2168	arg1	matter					2170:2175	dietary dry matter	2158:2175	dietary dry matter	2158:2175	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	0	64	theme	sunflower	42:50	arg1	supplementation					57:71	sunflower seed supplementation	42:71	sunflower seed supplementation	42:71	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	3	65	theme	treatments	882:891	arg1	arrangement					867:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement	851:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments	851:891	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	14	66	theme	acid	2341:2344	arg1	profile					2346:2352	the milk fatty acid profile	2326:2352	the milk fatty acid profile	2326:2352	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	11	67	contain	containing	1875:1884	arg1	Diets					1869:1873	Diets	1869:1873	Diets containing SF	1869:1887	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	67	contain	containing	1875:1884	arg2	SF					1886:1887	SF	1886:1887	SF	1886:1887	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	5	68	theme	SF	1201:1202	arg1	SC+SF					1221:1225	SC+SF	1221:1225	SC+SF	1221:1225	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	68	theme	SF	1201:1202	arg1	supplementation					1204:1218	SF supplementation	1201:1218	SF supplementation (SC+SF)	1201:1226	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	6	69	theme	corn	1277:1280	arg1	forages					1268:1274	forages	1268:1274	forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1268:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	69	theme	corn	1277:1280	arg1	silage					1282:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	1	70	from	rumen	430:434	arg1	patterns					378:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	1	70	from	rumen	430:434	arg1	biohydrogenation					391:406	biohydrogenation	391:406	biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen	391:434	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	2	71	from	effects	486:492	arg1	profile					631:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	2	71	from	effects	486:492	arg1	performance					576:586	lactation performance	566:586	lactation performance	566:586	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	2	71	from	effects	486:492	arg1	fermentation					597:608	ruminal fermentation	589:608	ruminal fermentation	589:608	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	6	72	theme	forages	1268:1274	arg1	amount					1258:1263	the same amount	1249:1263	the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1249:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	72	theme	forages	1268:1274	arg1	hay					1301:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	72	theme	forages	1268:1274	arg1	forages					1268:1274	forages	1268:1274	forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1268:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	72	theme	forages	1268:1274	arg1	silage					1282:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	1	73	theme	sunflower	221:229	arg1	SF					237:238	SF	237:238	SF	237:238	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	1	73	theme	sunflower	221:229	arg1	seed					231:234	sunflower seed	221:234	sunflower seed (SF)	221:239	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	0	74	theme	seed	52:55	arg1	supplementation					57:71	sunflower seed supplementation	42:71	sunflower seed supplementation	42:71	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	12	75	theme	total	2075:2079	arg1	trans-18:1					2081:2090	total trans-18:1	2075:2090	total trans-18:1	2075:2090	The addition of SC tended to decrease the concentration of total trans-18:1.
26971160	11	76	from	concentrations	1903:1916	arg1	fat					2011:2013	milk fat	2006:2013	milk fat	2006:2013	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	0	77	theme	dairy	171:175	arg1	cows					177:180	dairy cows	171:180	dairy cows	171:180	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	13	78	theme	rumen	2209:2213	arg1	pH					2215:2216	rumen pH	2209:2216	rumen pH	2209:2216	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	1	79	theme	fatty	411:415	arg1	acids					417:421	fatty acids	411:421	fatty acids in the rumen	411:434	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	2	80	theme	SF	544:545	arg1	supplementation					547:561	SF supplementation	544:561	SF supplementation	544:561	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	11	81	theme	acids	1982:1986	arg1	concentrations					1903:1916	the concentrations	1899:1916	the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat	1899:2013	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	13	82	theme	matter	2170:2175	arg1	matter					2170:2175	dietary dry matter	2158:2175	dietary dry matter	2158:2175	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	13	82	theme	matter	2170:2175	arg1	%					2153:2153	4%	2152:2153	4% of dietary dry matter	2152:2175	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	2	83	theme	ruminal	589:595	arg1	fermentation					597:608	ruminal fermentation	589:608	ruminal fermentation	589:608	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	9	84	theme	SC	1669:1670	arg1	inclusion					1656:1664	inclusion	1656:1664	inclusion of SC and SF	1656:1677	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	3	85	theme	Holstein	682:689	arg1	weight=620±15kg					708:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	3	85	theme	Holstein	682:689	arg1	cows					697:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows	664:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation)	664:767	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	13	86	theme	milk	2188:2191	arg1	content					2197:2203	milk fat content	2188:2203	milk fat content	2188:2203	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	3	87	dep	weight=620±15kg	708:722	arg1	d					731:731	60±10 d	725:731	60±10 d in milk	725:739	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	3	87	dep	weight=620±15kg	708:722	arg1	deviation					758:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	9	88	theme	SF	1676:1677	arg1	inclusion					1656:1664	inclusion	1656:1664	inclusion of SC and SF	1656:1677	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	0	89	theme	fatty	126:130	arg1	profile					137:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	milk fatty acid profile	121:143	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	1	90	theme	Previous	183:190	arg1	research					192:199	Previous research	183:199	Previous research	183:199	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	2	91	theme	different	497:505	arg1	concentrations					513:526	different sugar concentrations	497:526	different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation	497:561	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	5	92	dep	SC	1105:1106	arg1	2					1088:1088	2	1088:1088	2	1088:1088	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	9	93	theme	energy-corrected	1682:1697	arg1	milk					1699:1702	energy-corrected milk	1682:1702	energy-corrected milk	1682:1702	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	3	94	theme	body	703:706	arg1	weight=620±15kg					708:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	body weight=620±15kg	703:722	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	3	94	theme	body	703:706	arg1	cows					697:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows	664:700	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation)	664:767	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	13	95	theme	dietary	2158:2164	arg1	matter					2170:2175	dietary dry matter	2158:2175	dietary dry matter	2158:2175	These data provide evidence that exchanging SC for corn at 4% of dietary dry matter influenced milk fat content and rumen pH, resulting in a tendency for decreased concentration of trans-18:1 in milk fat.
26971160	12	96	theme	SC	2032:2033	arg1	addition					2020:2027	The addition	2016:2027	The addition of SC	2016:2033	The addition of SC tended to decrease the concentration of total trans-18:1.
26971160	14	97	theme	significant	2434:2444	arg1	interactions					2446:2457	several significant interactions	2426:2457	several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat	2426:2491	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	7	98	dep	meal	1456:1459	arg1	pulp					1476:1479	pulp	1476:1479	pulp	1476:1479	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	1	99	theme	altered	357:363	arg1	patterns					378:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	altered fermentation patterns	357:385	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	9	100	theme	highest	1713:1719	arg1	amount					1721:1726	the highest amount	1709:1726	the highest amount in the SC-SF diet	1709:1744	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	5	101	theme	Dairy	981:985	arg1	cows					987:990	Dairy cows	981:990	Dairy cows	981:990	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	7	102	theme	corn	1379:1382	arg1	grain					1384:1388	corn grain	1379:1388	corn grain	1379:1388	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	2	103	theme	concentrations	513:526	arg1	effects					486:492	the effects	482:492	the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows	482:661	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	14	104	theme	sugar	2410:2414	arg1	combination					2375:2385	a combination	2373:2385	a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar	2373:2414	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	3	105	theme	standard	749:756	arg1	deviation					758:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	11	106	theme	4:0	1946:1948	arg1	10:0					1953:1956	4:0 to 10:0	1946:1956	4:0 to 10:0	1946:1956	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	106	theme	4:0	1946:1948	arg1	acids					1939:1943	short-chain fatty acids	1921:1943	short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0)	1921:1957	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	14	107	theme	fat	2402:2404	arg1	combination					2375:2385	a combination	2373:2385	a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar	2373:2414	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	9	108	theme	SC-SF	1735:1739	arg1	diet					1741:1744	the SC-SF diet	1731:1744	the SC-SF diet	1731:1744	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	5	109	theme	SF	1113:1114	arg1	NSC+SF					1133:1138	NSC+SF	1133:1138	NSC+SF	1133:1138	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	109	theme	SF	1113:1114	arg1	supplementation					1116:1130	SF supplementation	1113:1130	SF supplementation (NSC+SF)	1113:1139	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	3	110	theme	mean	742:745	arg1	deviation					758:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	mean ± standard deviation	742:766	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	8	111	theme	dry	1560:1562	arg1	intake					1571:1576	dry matter intake	1560:1576	dry matter intake	1560:1576	No interaction was detected between SC and SF supplementation with respect to dry matter intake, milk yield, and composition.
26971160	3	112	theme	Latin	826:830	arg1	design					839:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	11	113	theme	acids	1939:1943	arg1	concentrations					1903:1916	the concentrations	1899:1916	the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat	1899:2013	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	3	114	from	d	731:731	arg1	milk					736:739	milk	736:739	milk	736:739	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	2	115	theme	fatty	620:624	arg1	profile					631:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	milk fatty acid profile	615:637	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	0	116	theme	ruminal	99:105	arg1	fermentation					107:118	ruminal fermentation	99:118	ruminal fermentation	99:118	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	1	117	theme	fat	306:308	arg1	concentration					310:322	milk fat concentration	301:322	milk fat concentration	301:322	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	3	118	theme	replicated	811:820	arg1	design					839:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	a replicated 4×4 Latin square design	809:844	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	7	119	theme	isoenergetic	1331:1342	arg1	diets					1344:1348	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets	1307:1348	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets	1307:1348	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	10	120	theme	SC-SF	1857:1861	arg1	diet					1863:1866	the SC-SF diet	1853:1866	the SC-SF diet	1853:1866	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	14	121	theme	milk	2330:2333	arg1	profile					2346:2352	the milk fatty acid profile	2326:2352	the milk fatty acid profile	2326:2352	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	8	122	theme	milk	1579:1582	arg1	yield					1584:1588	milk yield	1579:1588	milk yield	1579:1588	No interaction was detected between SC and SF supplementation with respect to dry matter intake, milk yield, and composition.
26971160	7	123	theme	beet	1471:1474	arg1	proportions					1434:1444	proportions	1434:1444	proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp	1434:1479	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	14	124	theme	unsaturated	2390:2400	arg1	fat					2402:2404	unsaturated fat	2390:2404	unsaturated fat	2390:2404	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	2	125	theme	lactating	642:650	arg1	cows					658:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	5	126	dep	SC	1193:1194	arg1	4					1190:1190	4	1190:1190	4	1190:1190	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	11	127	theme	milk	2006:2009	arg1	fat					2011:2013	milk fat	2006:2013	milk fat	2006:2013	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	0	128	theme	sugar	18:22	arg1	concentration					24:36	dietary sugar concentration	10:36	dietary sugar concentration	10:36	Effect of dietary sugar concentration and sunflower seed supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, milk fatty acid profile, and blood metabolites of dairy cows.
26971160	7	129	theme	canola	1449:1454	arg1	meal					1456:1459	canola meal	1449:1459	canola meal	1449:1459	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	4	130	theme	collection	962:971	arg1	period					973:978	7-d collection period	958:978	7-d collection period	958:978	Each 21-d period consisted of a 14-d diet adaptation period and 7-d collection period.
26971160	3	131	theme	factorial	857:865	arg1	arrangement					867:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement	851:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments	851:891	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	4	132	theme	14-d	926:929	arg1	period					947:952	a 14-d diet adaptation period	924:952	a 14-d diet adaptation period	924:952	Each 21-d period consisted of a 14-d diet adaptation period and 7-d collection period.
26971160	5	133	dep	diets	1022:1026	arg1	diets					1022:1026	the following 4 diets	1006:1026	the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC	1006:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	133	dep	diets	1022:1026	arg1	SC					1193:1194	(4) SC	1189:1194	(4) SC	1189:1194	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	133	dep	diets	1022:1026	arg1	SC					1047:1048	no additional SC	1033:1048	(1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF),	1029:1183	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	1	134	from	variation	288:296	arg1	composition					328:338	composition	328:338	composition	328:338	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	1	134	from	variation	288:296	arg1	concentration					310:322	milk fat concentration	301:322	milk fat concentration	301:322	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	3	135	with	treatments	795:804	arg1	arrangement					867:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement	851:877	a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments	851:891	Eight multiparous Holstein dairy cows (body weight=620±15kg, 60±10 d in milk, mean ± standard deviation) were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments.
26971160	4	136	theme	adaptation	936:945	arg1	period					947:952	a 14-d diet adaptation period	924:952	a 14-d diet adaptation period	924:952	Each 21-d period consisted of a 14-d diet adaptation period and 7-d collection period.
26971160	2	137	from	fermentation	597:608	arg1	cows					658:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	lactating dairy cows	642:661	The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different sugar concentrations with or without SF supplementation on lactation performance, ruminal fermentation, and milk fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
26971160	11	138	dep	10:0	1953:1956	arg1	to					1950:1951	to	1950:1951	to	1950:1951	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	5	139	theme	SF	1058:1059	arg1	SC					1105:1106	no additional SC	1091:1106	(2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF)	1087:1139	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	139	theme	SF	1058:1059	arg1	NSC-SF					1078:1083	NSC-SF	1078:1083	NSC-SF	1078:1083	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	139	theme	SF	1058:1059	arg1	supplementation					1061:1075	SF supplementation	1058:1075	SF supplementation (NSC-SF)	1058:1084	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	6	140	contain	contained	1239:1247	arg2	silage					1282:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	140	contain	contained	1239:1247	arg2	hay					1301:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	140	contain	contained	1239:1247	arg1	diets					1233:1237	The diets	1229:1237	The diets	1229:1237	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	140	contain	contained	1239:1247	arg2	forages					1268:1274	forages	1268:1274	forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1268:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	140	contain	contained	1239:1247	arg2	amount					1258:1263	the same amount	1249:1263	the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1249:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	14	141	theme	fatty	2335:2339	arg1	profile					2346:2352	the milk fatty acid profile	2326:2352	the milk fatty acid profile	2326:2352	Sucrose alone did not alter the milk fatty acid profile when cows were fed a combination of unsaturated fat and sugar, although several significant interactions between sugar and unsaturated fat were observed.
26971160	11	142	dep	16:0	1997:2000	arg1	to					1994:1995	to	1994:1995	to	1994:1995	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	7	143	theme	meal	1456:1459	arg1	proportions					1434:1444	proportions	1434:1444	proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp	1434:1479	Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing corn grain with SC and SF and balanced using change in proportions of canola meal and sugar beet pulp.
26971160	5	144	with	SC	1105:1106	arg1	NSC+SF					1133:1138	NSC+SF	1133:1138	NSC+SF	1133:1138	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	144	with	SC	1105:1106	arg1	supplementation					1116:1130	SF supplementation	1113:1130	SF supplementation (NSC+SF)	1113:1139	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	11	145	theme	medium-chain	1963:1974	arg1	acids					1982:1986	medium-chain fatty acids	1963:1986	medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0)	1963:2001	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	11	145	theme	medium-chain	1963:1974	arg1	16:0					1997:2000	12:0 to 16:0	1989:2000	12:0 to 16:0	1989:2000	Diets containing SF decreased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (4:0 to 10:0) and medium-chain fatty acids (12:0 to 16:0) in milk fat.
26971160	5	146	theme	additional	1094:1103	arg1	SC					1105:1106	no additional SC	1091:1106	(2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF)	1087:1139	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	146	theme	additional	1094:1103	arg1	SC					1146:1147	(3) SC	1142:1147	(3) SC	1142:1147	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	5	146	theme	additional	1094:1103	arg1	supplementation					1061:1075	SF supplementation	1058:1075	SF supplementation (NSC-SF)	1058:1084	Dairy cows were fed 1 of the following 4 diets: (1) no additional SC without SF supplementation (NSC-SF), (2) no additional SC with SF supplementation (NSC+SF), (3) SC without SF supplementation (SC-SF), and (4) SC with SF supplementation (SC+SF).
26971160	6	147	dep	forages	1268:1274	arg1	hay					1301:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	alfalfa hay	1293:1303	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	147	dep	forages	1268:1274	arg1	forages					1268:1274	forages	1268:1274	forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay)	1268:1304	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	6	147	dep	forages	1268:1274	arg1	silage					1282:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	corn silage	1277:1287	The diets contained the same amount of forages (corn silage and alfalfa hay).
26971160	1	148	from	acids	417:421	arg1	rumen					430:434	the rumen	426:434	the rumen	426:434	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
26971160	10	149	theme	acetate	1786:1792	arg1	pH					1755:1756	Ruminal pH	1747:1756	Ruminal pH	1747:1756	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	10	149	theme	acetate	1786:1792	arg1	proportion					1772:1781	the molar proportion	1762:1781	the molar proportion of acetate	1762:1792	Ruminal pH and the molar proportion of acetate were affected by SC inclusion, with an increase related to the SC-SF diet.
26971160	12	150	theme	trans-18:1	2081:2090	arg1	concentration					2058:2070	the concentration	2054:2070	the concentration of total trans-18:1	2054:2090	The addition of SC tended to decrease the concentration of total trans-18:1.
26971160	9	151	with	interaction	1636:1646	arg1	amount					1721:1726	the highest amount	1709:1726	the highest amount in the SC-SF diet	1709:1744	A tendency was found for an interaction between inclusion of SC and SF on energy-corrected milk with the highest amount in the SC-SF diet.
26971160	1	152	from	patterns	378:385	arg1	rumen					430:434	the rumen	426:434	the rumen	426:434	Previous research has shown that both sunflower seed (SF) and sucrose (SC) supplementation can result in variation in milk fat concentration and composition, possibly due to altered fermentation patterns and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in the rumen.
27126993	6	0	dep	In	930:931	arg1	vitro					933:937	vitro	933:937	vitro	933:937	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	1	1	theme	cells	267:271	arg1	composition					245:255	dense composition	239:255	dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen	239:347	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	1	2	theme	stromal	274:280	arg1	cells					282:286	stromal cells	274:286	stromal cells	274:286	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	3	3	theme	secreted	521:528	arg1	proteoglycan					530:541	a secreted proteoglycan	519:541	a secreted proteoglycan that regulates collagen fibril assembly	519:581	Lumican is a secreted proteoglycan that regulates collagen fibril assembly.
27126993	3	3	theme	secreted	521:528	arg1	Lumican					508:514	Lumican	508:514	Lumican	508:514	Lumican is a secreted proteoglycan that regulates collagen fibril assembly.
27126993	1	4	theme	lethal	185:190	arg1	cancer					192:197	lethal cancer	185:197	lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen	185:347	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	0	5	theme	Stellate	70:77	arg1	Cells					79:83	Activated Stellate Cells	60:83	Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	60:131	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	6	6	theme	transcription	992:1004	arg1	mechanisms					970:979	the molecular mechanisms	956:979	the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC)	956:1048	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	4	7	theme	lumican	635:641	arg1	presence					623:630	the presence	619:630	the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells	619:675	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	3	8	theme	collagen	558:565	arg1	assembly					574:581	collagen fibril assembly	558:581	collagen fibril assembly	558:581	Lumican is a secreted proteoglycan that regulates collagen fibril assembly.
27126993	10	9	theme	stellate	1851:1858	arg1	adhesion					1865:1872	stellate cell adhesion	1851:1872	stellate cell adhesion	1851:1872	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	10	theme	molecular	960:968	arg1	mechanisms					970:979	the molecular mechanisms	956:979	the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC)	956:1048	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	11	theme	lumican	1113:1119	arg1	effect					1103:1108	the effect	1099:1108	the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment	1099:1158	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	4	12	attach	presence	623:630	arg1	ECM					650:652	the ECM	646:652	the ECM surrounding PDAC cells	646:675	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	4	12	attach	presence	623:630	arg2	lumican					635:641	lumican	635:641	lumican	635:641	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	5	13	from	patients	841:848	arg1	PDAC					828:831	PDAC	828:831	PDAC from 27 patients	828:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	5	13	from	patients	841:848	arg1	expression					814:823	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression	786:823	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients	786:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	1	14	theme	PURPOSE	134:140	arg1	PDAC					176:179	PDAC	176:179	PDAC	176:179	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	1	14	theme	PURPOSE	134:140	arg1	adenocarcinoma					160:173	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	134:173	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	134:180	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	4	15	theme	multimodal	727:736	arg1	therapy					738:744	multimodal therapy	727:744	multimodal therapy	727:744	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	1	16	theme	ductal	153:158	arg1	PDAC					176:179	PDAC	176:179	PDAC	176:179	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	1	16	theme	ductal	153:158	arg1	adenocarcinoma					160:173	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	134:173	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	134:180	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	2	17	theme	collagen	487:494	arg1	deposition					496:505	collagen deposition	487:505	collagen deposition	487:505	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	7	18	theme	production	1240:1249	arg1	source					1208:1213	a significant source	1194:1213	a significant source of extracellular lumican production	1194:1249	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	7	18	theme	production	1240:1249	arg1	PSCs					1186:1189	PSCs	1186:1189	PSCs	1186:1189	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	4	19	theme	improved	696:703	arg1	outcome					713:719	improved patient outcome	696:719	improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy	696:744	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	7	20	theme	extracellular	1218:1230	arg1	production					1240:1249	extracellular lumican production	1218:1249	extracellular lumican production	1218:1249	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	9	21	theme	HPSCs	1544:1548	arg1	ability					1533:1539	the ability	1529:1539	the ability of HPSCs to produce and secrete extracellular lumican	1529:1593	In addition, we found that the ability of HPSCs to produce and secrete extracellular lumican significantly enhances HPSCs adhesion and mobility on collagen.
27126993	6	22	dep	PSCs	1025:1028	arg1	HPaSteC					1041:1047	HPaSteC	1041:1047	HPaSteC	1041:1047	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	22	dep	PSCs	1025:1028	arg1	HPSCs					1031:1035	HPSCs	1031:1035	HPSCs	1031:1035	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	4	23	theme	localized	770:778	arg1	PDAC					780:783	localized PDAC	770:783	localized PDAC	770:783	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	8	24	theme	canonical	1400:1408	arg1	pathway					1420:1426	its canonical signaling pathway	1396:1426	its canonical signaling pathway	1396:1426	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	0	25	theme	Primary	92:98	arg1	Tumors					126:131	Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	92:131	Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	92:131	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	6	26	theme	secretion	1010:1018	arg1	mechanisms					970:979	the molecular mechanisms	956:979	the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC)	956:1048	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	2	27	theme	activated	390:398	arg1	PSC					427:429	PSC	427:429	PSC	427:429	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	27	theme	activated	390:398	arg1	cells					420:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells	390:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC)	390:430	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	27	theme	activated	390:398	arg1	type					462:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	0	28	theme	Adenocarcinoma	111:124	arg1	Tumors					126:131	Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	92:131	Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	92:131	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	7	29	theme	lumican	1232:1238	arg1	production					1240:1249	extracellular lumican production	1218:1249	extracellular lumican production	1218:1249	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	0	30	theme	Transforming	0:11	arg1	Factor-β					20:27	Transforming Growth Factor-β	0:27	Transforming Growth Factor-β	0:27	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	1	31	theme	cells	282:286	arg1	composition					245:255	dense composition	239:255	dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen	239:347	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	8	32	theme	signaling	1410:1418	arg1	pathway					1420:1426	its canonical signaling pathway	1396:1426	its canonical signaling pathway	1396:1426	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	11	33	dep	22	1936:1937	arg1	4934-46					1944:1950	4934-46	1944:1950	4934-46	1944:1950	Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4934-46.
27126993	6	34	theme	cell	1055:1058	arg1	adhesion					1060:1067	cell adhesion	1055:1067	cell adhesion	1055:1067	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	10	35	theme	pancreatic	1710:1719	arg1	cells					1730:1734	activated pancreatic stellate cells	1700:1734	activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC	1700:1746	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	2	36	theme	stellate	411:418	arg1	PSC					427:429	PSC	427:429	PSC	427:429	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	36	theme	stellate	411:418	arg1	cells					420:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells	390:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC)	390:430	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	36	theme	stellate	411:418	arg1	type					462:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	5	37	theme	DESIGN	799:804	arg1	expression					814:823	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression	786:823	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients	786:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	1	38	theme	matrix	307:312	arg1	composition					245:255	dense composition	239:255	dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen	239:347	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	2	39	theme	stromal	449:455	arg1	cells					420:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells	390:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC)	390:430	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	39	theme	stromal	449:455	arg1	type					462:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	0	40	theme	Activated	60:68	arg1	Cells					79:83	Activated Stellate Cells	60:83	Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	60:131	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	0	41	theme	Lumican	49:55	arg1	Secretion					36:44	Secretion	36:44	Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	36:131	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	6	42	from	mechanisms	970:979	arg1	PSCs					1025:1028	PSCs	1025:1028	PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC)	1025:1048	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	10	43	theme	activated	1700:1708	arg1	cells					1730:1734	activated pancreatic stellate cells	1700:1734	activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC	1700:1746	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	2	44	theme	PDAC	361:364	arg1	microenvironment					372:387	the PDAC tumor microenvironment	357:387	the PDAC tumor microenvironment	357:387	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	1	45	theme	cancer	260:265	arg1	cells					267:271	cancer cells	260:271	cancer cells	260:271	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	6	46	theme	In	930:931	arg1	studies					939:945	In vitro studies	930:945	In vitro studies	930:945	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	7	47	theme	quantitative	1259:1270	arg1	analysis					1276:1283	quantitative IHC analysis	1259:1283	quantitative IHC analysis	1259:1283	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	10	48	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1659:1669	arg1	demonstrate					1683:1693	demonstrate	1683:1693	demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.	1683:1917	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	10	49	theme	extracellular	1820:1832	arg1	lumican					1834:1840	the extracellular lumican	1816:1840	the extracellular lumican	1816:1840	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	8	50	theme	lumican	1348:1354	arg1	transcription					1361:1373	lumican gene transcription	1348:1373	lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway	1348:1426	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	10	51	theme	TGF-β	1794:1798	arg1	control					1783:1789	the negative control	1770:1789	the negative control of TGF-β	1770:1798	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	3	52	theme	fibril	567:572	arg1	assembly					574:581	collagen fibril assembly	558:581	collagen fibril assembly	558:581	Lumican is a secreted proteoglycan that regulates collagen fibril assembly.
27126993	4	53	theme	PDAC	666:669	arg1	cells					671:675	PDAC cells	666:675	PDAC cells	666:675	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	1	54	theme	primary	205:211	arg1	tumor					213:217	tumor	213:217	tumor	213:217	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	6	55	theme	lumican	984:990	arg1	transcription					992:1004	lumican transcription	984:1004	lumican transcription	984:1004	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	56	theme	collagen-rich	1134:1146	arg1	environment					1148:1158	a collagen-rich environment	1132:1158	a collagen-rich environment	1132:1158	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	10	57	theme	cell	1860:1863	arg1	adhesion					1865:1872	stellate cell adhesion	1851:1872	stellate cell adhesion	1851:1872	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	8	58	theme	promoter	1485:1492	arg1	region					1494:1499	the promoter region	1481:1499	the promoter region	1481:1499	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	7	59	theme	significant	1196:1206	arg1	source					1208:1213	a significant source	1194:1213	a significant source of extracellular lumican production	1194:1249	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	7	59	theme	significant	1196:1206	arg1	PSCs					1186:1189	PSCs	1186:1189	PSCs	1186:1189	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	4	60	theme	patient	705:711	arg1	outcome					713:719	improved patient outcome	696:719	improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy	696:744	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	1	61	theme	Pancreatic	142:151	arg1	PDAC					176:179	PDAC	176:179	PDAC	176:179	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	1	61	theme	Pancreatic	142:151	arg1	adenocarcinoma					160:173	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	134:173	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	134:180	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	4	62	from	presence	623:630	arg1	ECM					650:652	the ECM	646:652	the ECM surrounding PDAC cells	646:675	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	5	63	from	expression	814:823	arg1	PDAC					828:831	PDAC	828:831	PDAC from 27 patients	828:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	5	63	from	expression	814:823	arg1	patients					841:848	27 patients	838:848	27 patients	838:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	0	64	theme	Pancreatic	100:109	arg1	Tumors					126:131	Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	92:131	Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors	92:131	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	12	65	theme	©2016	1953:1957	arg1	AACR					1959:1962	©2016 AACR	1953:1962	©2016 AACR.	1953:1963	©2016 AACR.
27126993	5	66	with	colocalization	904:917	arg1	PSCs					924:927	PSCs	924:927	PSCs	924:927	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	8	67	theme	gene	1356:1359	arg1	transcription					1361:1373	lumican gene transcription	1348:1373	lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway	1348:1426	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	4	68	theme	PDAC	780:783	arg1	outcome					713:719	improved patient outcome	696:719	improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy	696:744	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	4	68	theme	PDAC	780:783	arg1	removal					759:765	surgical removal	750:765	surgical removal of localized PDAC	750:783	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	0	69	theme	Growth	13:18	arg1	Factor-β					20:27	Transforming Growth Factor-β	0:27	Transforming Growth Factor-β	0:27	Transforming Growth Factor-β Limits Secretion of Lumican by Activated Stellate Cells within Primary Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Tumors.
27126993	9	70	theme	extracellular	1573:1585	arg1	lumican					1587:1593	extracellular lumican	1573:1593	extracellular lumican	1573:1593	In addition, we found that the ability of HPSCs to produce and secrete extracellular lumican significantly enhances HPSCs adhesion and mobility on collagen.
27126993	6	71	theme	migration	1073:1081	arg1	assays					1083:1088	cell adhesion and migration assays	1055:1088	cell adhesion and migration assays	1055:1088	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	72	from	PSCs	1025:1028	arg1	secretion					1010:1018	secretion	1010:1018	secretion	1010:1018	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	72	from	PSCs	1025:1028	arg1	mechanisms					970:979	the molecular mechanisms	956:979	the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC)	956:1048	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	72	from	PSCs	1025:1028	arg1	transcription					992:1004	lumican transcription	984:1004	lumican transcription	984:1004	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	2	73	theme	tumor	366:370	arg1	microenvironment					372:387	the PDAC tumor microenvironment	357:387	the PDAC tumor microenvironment	357:387	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	11	74	dep	Res	1931:1933	arg1	19					1939:1940	19	1939:1940	19	1939:1940	Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4934-46.
27126993	11	74	dep	Res	1931:1933	arg1	22					1936:1937	22	1936:1937	22	1936:1937	Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4934-46.
27126993	9	75	from	mobility	1637:1644	arg1	collagen					1649:1656	collagen	1649:1656	collagen	1649:1656	In addition, we found that the ability of HPSCs to produce and secrete extracellular lumican significantly enhances HPSCs adhesion and mobility on collagen.
27126993	6	76	theme	adhesion	1060:1067	arg1	assays					1083:1088	cell adhesion and migration assays	1055:1088	cell adhesion and migration assays	1055:1088	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	4	77	theme	surgical	750:757	arg1	removal					759:765	surgical removal	750:765	surgical removal of localized PDAC	750:783	We have previously identified that the presence of lumican in the ECM surrounding PDAC cells is associated with improved patient outcome after multimodal therapy and surgical removal of localized PDAC.
27126993	10	78	theme	stellate	1721:1728	arg1	cells					1730:1734	activated pancreatic stellate cells	1700:1734	activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC	1700:1746	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	5	79	theme	EXPERIMENTAL	786:797	arg1	DESIGN					799:804	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN	786:804	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients	786:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	1	80	theme	extracellular	293:305	arg1	ECM					315:317	ECM	315:317	ECM	315:317	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	1	80	theme	extracellular	293:305	arg1	matrix					307:312	extracellular matrix	293:312	extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen	293:347	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	9	81	theme	HPSCs	1618:1622	arg1	adhesion					1624:1631	HPSCs adhesion	1618:1631	HPSCs adhesion	1618:1631	In addition, we found that the ability of HPSCs to produce and secrete extracellular lumican significantly enhances HPSCs adhesion and mobility on collagen.
27126993	9	82	from	adhesion	1624:1631	arg1	collagen					1649:1656	collagen	1649:1656	collagen	1649:1656	In addition, we found that the ability of HPSCs to produce and secrete extracellular lumican significantly enhances HPSCs adhesion and mobility on collagen.
27126993	2	83	theme	cell	457:460	arg1	cells					420:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells	390:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC)	390:430	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	83	theme	cell	457:460	arg1	type					462:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	10	84	theme	collagen-rich	1892:1904	arg1	environment					1906:1916	a collagen-rich environment	1890:1916	a collagen-rich environment	1890:1916	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	6	85	from	PSCs	1124:1127	arg1	environment					1148:1158	a collagen-rich environment	1132:1158	a collagen-rich environment	1132:1158	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	2	86	theme	pancreatic	400:409	arg1	PSC					427:429	PSC	427:429	PSC	427:429	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	86	theme	pancreatic	400:409	arg1	cells					420:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells	390:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC)	390:430	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	86	theme	pancreatic	400:409	arg1	type					462:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	5	87	theme	Lumican	806:812	arg1	expression					814:823	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression	786:823	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients	786:848	EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Lumican expression in PDAC from 27 patients was determined by IHC and quantitatively analyzed for colocalization with PSCs.
27126993	2	88	theme	dominant	440:447	arg1	cells					420:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells	390:424	activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC)	390:430	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	2	88	theme	dominant	440:447	arg1	type					462:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	the dominant stromal cell type	436:465	Within the PDAC tumor microenvironment, activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are the dominant stromal cell type and responsible for collagen deposition.
27126993	8	89	theme	SMAD4	1443:1447	arg1	binding					1432:1438	binding	1432:1438	binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region	1432:1499	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	8	89	theme	SMAD4	1443:1447	arg1	transcription					1361:1373	lumican gene transcription	1348:1373	lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway	1348:1426	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	6	90	from	effect	1103:1108	arg1	PSCs					1124:1127	PSCs	1124:1127	PSCs in a collagen-rich environment	1124:1158	In vitro studies examined the molecular mechanisms of lumican transcription and secretion from PSCs (HPSCs and HPaSteC), and cell adhesion and migration assays examined the effect of lumican on PSCs in a collagen-rich environment.
27126993	1	91	theme	dense	239:243	arg1	composition					245:255	dense composition	239:255	dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen	239:347	PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal cancer whose primary tumor is characterized by dense composition of cancer cells, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM) composed largely of collagen.
27126993	7	92	theme	IHC	1272:1274	arg1	analysis					1276:1283	quantitative IHC analysis	1259:1283	quantitative IHC analysis	1259:1283	RESULTS Here we identify PSCs as a significant source of extracellular lumican production through quantitative IHC analysis.
27126993	8	93	theme	novel	1452:1456	arg1	SBEs					1458:1461	novel SBEs	1452:1461	novel SBEs identified within the promoter region	1452:1499	We demonstrate that the cytokine, TGF-β, negatively regulates lumican gene transcription within HPSCs through its canonical signaling pathway and binding of SMAD4 to novel SBEs identified within the promoter region.
27126993	10	94	theme	negative	1774:1781	arg1	control					1783:1789	the negative control	1770:1789	the negative control of TGF-β	1770:1798	CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that activated pancreatic stellate cells within PDAC secrete lumican under the negative control of TGF-β; once secreted, the extracellular lumican enhances stellate cell adhesion and mobility in a collagen-rich environment.
27235978	10	0	theme	antiatherosclerotic	2204:2222	arg1	activity					2224:2231	antiatherosclerotic activity	2204:2231	antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP	2204:2238	These findings demonstrated that antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP may be considerably improved by sustained release via the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier, which was achieved through selectively inhibiting mTORC1.
27235978	3	1	theme	effective	564:572	arg1	nanotherapy					599:609	an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy	561:609	an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis	561:629	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	3	2	theme	E-deficient	791:801	arg1	mice					815:818	apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	776:818	apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	776:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	2	3	theme	rapamycin	335:343	arg1	delivery					323:330	sustained delivery	313:330	sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP)	313:349	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	6	4	theme	peak-valley	1483:1493	arg1	profiles					1495:1502	typical peak-valley profiles	1475:1502	typical peak-valley profiles	1475:1502	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	4	5	theme	controlled	913:922	arg1	acetalation					924:934	kinetically controlled acetalation	901:934	kinetically controlled acetalation	901:934	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	1	6	theme	nanomedicinal	224:236	arg1	approach					238:245	the nanomedicinal approach	220:245	the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease	220:290	Increasing evidence has demonstrated special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease.
27235978	7	7	theme	lesions	1726:1732	arg1	formation					1697:1705	the formation	1693:1705	the formation of atherosclerotic lesions	1693:1732	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	4	8	theme	acidic	992:997	arg1	byproducts					999:1008	acidic byproducts	992:1008	acidic byproducts	992:1008	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	6	9	dep	blood	1379:1383	arg1	the					1375:1377	the	1375:1377	the	1375:1377	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	4	10	theme	carrier	952:958	arg1	materials					960:968	carrier materials	952:968	carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis	952:1025	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	3	11	from	material	764:771	arg1	mice					815:818	apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	776:818	apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	776:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	6	12	theme	drug	1355:1358	arg1	levels					1360:1365	constant drug levels	1346:1365	constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue	1346:1401	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	7	13	theme	delivered	1825:1833	arg1	RAP					1840:1842	orally delivered free RAP	1818:1842	orally delivered free RAP	1818:1842	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	8	14	theme	proinflammatory	1869:1883	arg1	factors					1885:1891	rupture-prone proinflammatory factors	1855:1891	rupture-prone proinflammatory factors in both serum and aortas	1855:1916	Moreover, rupture-prone proinflammatory factors in both serum and aortas were significantly decreased after treatment.
27235978	1	15	theme	Increasing	161:170	arg1	evidence					172:179	Increasing evidence	161:179	Increasing evidence	161:179	Increasing evidence has demonstrated special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease.
27235978	0	16	theme	antiatherosclerotic	76:94	arg1	activity					96:103	antiatherosclerotic activity	76:103	antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin	76:116	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier potentiates antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin via selectively inhibiting mTORC1 in mice.
27235978	3	17	dep	ApoE	804:807	arg1	-/-					809:811	-/-	809:811	-/-	809:811	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	3	18	theme	antiatherosclerotic	667:685	arg1	efficacy					687:694	antiatherosclerotic efficacy	667:694	antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	667:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	10	19	theme	material-derived	2305:2320	arg1	nanocarrier					2322:2332	the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier	2294:2332	the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier	2294:2332	These findings demonstrated that antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP may be considerably improved by sustained release via the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier, which was achieved through selectively inhibiting mTORC1.
27235978	6	20	theme	subcutaneous	1409:1420	arg1	injection					1422:1430	subcutaneous injection	1409:1430	subcutaneous injection	1409:1430	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	1	21	theme	special	198:204	arg1	advantages					206:215	special advantages	198:215	special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease	198:290	Increasing evidence has demonstrated special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease.
27235978	7	22	theme	-/-	1640:1642	arg1	mice					1645:1648	ApoE(-/-) mice	1635:1648	ApoE(-/-) mice	1635:1648	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	5	23	theme	different	1160:1168	arg1	periods					1170:1176	different periods	1160:1176	different periods of time	1160:1184	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	5	24	theme	RAP-loaded	1033:1042	arg1	nanoparticles					1044:1056	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles	1028:1056	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs	1028:1080	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	7	25	theme	plaques	1777:1783	arg1	stability					1764:1772	the stability	1760:1772	the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP	1760:1842	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	7	26	theme	ApoE	1635:1638	arg1	mice					1645:1648	ApoE(-/-) mice	1635:1648	ApoE(-/-) mice	1635:1648	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	4	27	theme	First	821:825	arg1	materials					860:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials	821:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs	821:879	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	2	28	theme	mammalian	461:469	arg1	target					471:476	mammalian target	461:476	mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	461:518	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	5	29	theme	base	1058:1061	arg1	nanoparticles					1044:1056	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles	1028:1056	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs	1028:1080	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	0	30	theme	Sustained	0:8	arg1	delivery					10:17	Sustained delivery	0:17	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier	0:62	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier potentiates antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin via selectively inhibiting mTORC1 in mice.
27235978	9	31	theme	muscle	2157:2162	arg1	cells					2164:2168	smooth muscle cells	2150:2168	smooth muscle cells	2150:2168	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	2	32	theme	complex	491:497	arg1	signaling					510:518	rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	481:518	rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	481:518	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	7	33	theme	atherosclerosis	1604:1618	arg1	model					1595:1599	an experimental model	1579:1599	an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice	1579:1648	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	0	34	theme	cyclodextrin	24:35	arg1	nanocarrier					52:62	a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier	22:62	a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier	22:62	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier potentiates antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin via selectively inhibiting mTORC1 in mice.
27235978	3	35	theme	RAP	701:703	arg1	nanotherapy					705:715	a RAP nanotherapy	699:715	a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	699:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	6	36	from	levels	1360:1365	arg1	tissue					1396:1401	aortic tissue	1389:1401	aortic tissue	1389:1401	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	6	36	from	levels	1360:1365	arg1	blood					1379:1383	blood	1379:1383	blood	1379:1383	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	5	37	theme	nanoemulsion	1101:1112	arg1	technique					1114:1122	a nanoemulsion technique	1099:1122	a nanoemulsion technique	1099:1122	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	3	38	theme	β-cyclodextrin	740:753	arg1	material					764:771	an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material	726:771	an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	726:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	4	39	theme	biodegradable	828:840	arg1	materials					860:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials	821:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs	821:879	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	2	40	theme	desirable	368:376	arg1	effects					390:396	more desirable therapeutic effects	363:396	more desirable therapeutic effects	363:396	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	5	41	theme	various	1066:1072	arg1	Ac-bCDs					1074:1080	various Ac-bCDs	1066:1080	various Ac-bCDs	1066:1080	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	4	42	theme	biocompatible	846:858	arg1	materials					860:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials	821:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs	821:879	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	1	43	theme	disease	284:290	arg1	management					255:264	the management	251:264	the management of cardiovascular disease	251:290	Increasing evidence has demonstrated special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease.
27235978	7	44	theme	Therapeutic	1546:1556	arg1	studies					1558:1564	Therapeutic studies	1546:1564	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice	1546:1648	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	2	45	theme	traditional	403:413	arg1	administration					420:433	traditional oral administration	403:433	traditional oral administration	403:433	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	6	46	theme	high	1520:1523	arg1	concentrations					1530:1543	remarkably high peak concentrations	1509:1543	remarkably high peak concentrations	1509:1543	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	9	47	theme	RAP	1995:1997	arg1	administration					1977:1990	oral administration	1972:1990	oral administration of RAP	1972:1997	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	3	48	theme	Ac-bCD	756:761	arg1	material					764:771	an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material	726:771	an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	726:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	3	49	theme	translational	585:597	arg1	nanotherapy					599:609	an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy	561:609	an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis	561:629	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	6	50	theme	RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived	1234:1254	arg1	RAP-NP					1269:1274	RAP-NP	1269:1274	RAP-NP	1269:1274	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	6	50	theme	RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived	1234:1254	arg1	nanotherapy					1256:1266	a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy	1232:1266	a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro	1232:1331	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	10	51	theme	RAP	2236:2238	arg1	activity					2224:2231	antiatherosclerotic activity	2204:2231	antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP	2204:2238	These findings demonstrated that antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP may be considerably improved by sustained release via the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier, which was achieved through selectively inhibiting mTORC1.
27235978	5	52	theme	Ac-bCDs	1219:1225	arg1	composition					1204:1214	the composition	1200:1214	the composition of Ac-bCDs	1200:1225	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	3	53	theme	apolipoprotein	776:789	arg1	mice					815:818	apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	776:818	apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	776:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	7	54	theme	atherosclerotic	1710:1724	arg1	lesions					1726:1732	atherosclerotic lesions	1710:1732	atherosclerotic lesions	1710:1732	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	10	55	theme	sustained	2272:2280	arg1	release					2282:2288	sustained release	2272:2288	sustained release	2272:2288	These findings demonstrated that antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP may be considerably improved by sustained release via the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier, which was achieved through selectively inhibiting mTORC1.
27235978	1	56	theme	approach	238:245	arg1	advantages					206:215	special advantages	198:215	special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease	198:290	Increasing evidence has demonstrated special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease.
27235978	8	57	from	factors	1885:1891	arg1	aortas					1911:1916	aortas	1911:1916	aortas	1911:1916	Moreover, rupture-prone proinflammatory factors in both serum and aortas were significantly decreased after treatment.
27235978	8	57	from	factors	1885:1891	arg1	serum					1901:1905	serum	1901:1905	serum	1901:1905	Moreover, rupture-prone proinflammatory factors in both serum and aortas were significantly decreased after treatment.
27235978	5	58	theme	drug	1143:1146	arg1	release					1148:1154	drug release	1143:1154	drug release	1143:1154	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	6	59	theme	RAP	1295:1297	arg1	release					1299:1305	RAP release	1295:1305	RAP release	1295:1305	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	9	60	theme	sustained	2056:2064	arg1	delivery					2066:2073	sustained delivery	2056:2073	sustained delivery by RAP-NP	2056:2083	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	0	61	from	mTORC1	145:150	arg1	mice					155:158	mice	155:158	mice	155:158	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier potentiates antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin via selectively inhibiting mTORC1 in mice.
27235978	6	62	theme	constant	1346:1353	arg1	levels					1360:1365	constant drug levels	1346:1365	constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue	1346:1401	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	2	63	theme	sustained	313:321	arg1	delivery					323:330	sustained delivery	313:330	sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP)	313:349	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	7	64	theme	free	1835:1838	arg1	RAP					1840:1842	orally delivered free RAP	1818:1842	orally delivered free RAP	1818:1842	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	8	65	theme	rupture-prone	1855:1867	arg1	factors					1885:1891	rupture-prone proinflammatory factors	1855:1891	rupture-prone proinflammatory factors in both serum and aortas	1855:1916	Moreover, rupture-prone proinflammatory factors in both serum and aortas were significantly decreased after treatment.
27235978	6	66	link	RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived	1234:1254	arg1	RAP-NP					1269:1274	RAP-NP	1269:1274	RAP-NP	1269:1274	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	6	66	link	RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived	1234:1254	arg1	nanotherapy					1256:1266	a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy	1232:1266	a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro	1232:1331	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	0	67	theme	rapamycin	108:116	arg1	activity					96:103	antiatherosclerotic activity	76:103	antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin	76:116	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier potentiates antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin via selectively inhibiting mTORC1 in mice.
27235978	10	68	link	material-derived	2305:2320	arg1	nanocarrier					2322:2332	the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier	2294:2332	the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier	2294:2332	These findings demonstrated that antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP may be considerably improved by sustained release via the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier, which was achieved through selectively inhibiting mTORC1.
27235978	9	69	theme	in	2130:2131	arg1	results					2139:2145	in vitro results	2130:2145	in vitro results in smooth muscle cells	2130:2168	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	6	70	theme	aortic	1389:1394	arg1	tissue					1396:1401	aortic tissue	1389:1401	aortic tissue	1389:1401	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	3	71	dep	mice	815:818	arg1	ApoE					804:807	ApoE	804:807	ApoE(-/-)	804:812	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	5	72	theme	time	1181:1184	arg1	periods					1170:1176	different periods	1160:1176	different periods of time	1160:1184	Then RAP-loaded nanoparticles base on various Ac-bCDs were prepared by a nanoemulsion technique, which can sustain drug release for different periods of time, depending on the composition of Ac-bCDs.
27235978	2	73	theme	mTORC1	502:507	arg1	signaling					510:518	rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	481:518	rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	481:518	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	9	74	theme	smooth	2150:2155	arg1	cells					2164:2168	smooth muscle cells	2150:2168	smooth muscle cells	2150:2168	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	6	75	theme	typical	1475:1481	arg1	profiles					1495:1502	typical peak-valley profiles	1475:1502	typical peak-valley profiles	1475:1502	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	6	76	dep	administered	1446:1457	arg1	free					1459:1462	free	1459:1462	free	1459:1462	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	3	77	theme	nanotherapy	705:715	arg1	efficacy					687:694	antiatherosclerotic efficacy	667:694	antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	667:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	2	78	theme	rapamycin	481:489	arg1	signaling					510:518	rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	481:518	rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	481:518	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	0	79	theme	material-based	37:50	arg1	nanocarrier					52:62	a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier	22:62	a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier	22:62	Sustained delivery by a cyclodextrin material-based nanocarrier potentiates antiatherosclerotic activity of rapamycin via selectively inhibiting mTORC1 in mice.
27235978	6	80	theme	administered	1446:1457	arg1	RAP					1464:1466	orally administered free RAP	1439:1466	orally administered free RAP	1439:1466	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
27235978	2	81	theme	signaling	510:518	arg1	target					471:476	mammalian target	461:476	mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling	461:518	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	3	82	theme	acetalated	729:738	arg1	material					764:771	an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material	726:771	an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice	726:818	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	4	83	theme	Ac-bCDs	873:879	arg1	materials					860:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials	821:868	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs	821:879	First, biodegradable and biocompatible materials of Ac-bCDs were synthesized by kinetically controlled acetalation, giving rise to carrier materials that may not generate acidic byproducts after hydrolysis.
27235978	2	84	theme	therapeutic	378:388	arg1	effects					390:396	more desirable therapeutic effects	363:396	more desirable therapeutic effects	363:396	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	9	85	dep	in	2130:2131	arg1	vitro					2133:2137	vitro	2133:2137	vitro	2133:2137	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	7	86	theme	experimental	1582:1593	arg1	model					1595:1599	an experimental model	1579:1599	an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice	1579:1648	Therapeutic studies conducted in an experimental model of atherosclerosis established in ApoE(-/-) mice revealed that RAP-NP significantly reduced the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and dramatically enhanced the stability of plaques, which was more efficacious than orally delivered free RAP.
27235978	9	87	from	results	2139:2145	arg1	cells					2164:2168	smooth muscle cells	2150:2168	smooth muscle cells	2150:2168	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	10	88	theme	Ac-bCD	2298:2303	arg1	nanocarrier					2322:2332	the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier	2294:2332	the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier	2294:2332	These findings demonstrated that antiatherosclerotic activity of RAP may be considerably improved by sustained release via the Ac-bCD material-derived nanocarrier, which was achieved through selectively inhibiting mTORC1.
27235978	2	89	theme	oral	415:418	arg1	administration					420:433	traditional oral administration	403:433	traditional oral administration	403:433	We hypothesize that sustained delivery of rapamycin (RAP) may provide more desirable therapeutic effects than traditional oral administration by selectively inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling.
27235978	1	90	theme	cardiovascular	269:282	arg1	disease					284:290	cardiovascular disease	269:290	cardiovascular disease	269:290	Increasing evidence has demonstrated special advantages of the nanomedicinal approach for the management of cardiovascular disease.
27235978	9	91	theme	oral	1972:1975	arg1	administration					1977:1990	oral administration	1972:1990	oral administration of RAP	1972:1997	Whereas oral administration of RAP simultaneously inhibited mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the aorta, sustained delivery by RAP-NP selectively suppressed mTORC1, agreeing with in vitro results in smooth muscle cells.
27235978	3	92	theme	safe	575:578	arg1	nanotherapy					599:609	an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy	561:609	an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis	561:629	To evidence this assumption and develop an effective, safe, and translational nanotherapy for atherosclerosis, this study was designed to examine antiatherosclerotic efficacy of a RAP nanotherapy based on an acetalated β-cyclodextrin (Ac-bCD) material in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
27235978	6	93	theme	peak	1525:1528	arg1	concentrations					1530:1543	remarkably high peak concentrations	1509:1543	remarkably high peak concentrations	1509:1543	For a RAP/Ac-bCD180-derived nanotherapy (RAP-NP) that may continue RAP release for up to 20days in vitro, it afforded constant drug levels in both the blood and aortic tissue after subcutaneous injection, while orally administered free RAP showed typical peak-valley profiles with remarkably high peak concentrations.
28944402	2	0	theme	various	464:470	arg1	potentials					472:481	various potentials	464:481	various potentials	464:481	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	10	1	theme	substrate-fed	1571:1583	arg1	biofilms					1585:1592	fermentable substrate-fed biofilms	1559:1592	fermentable substrate-fed biofilms	1559:1592	Conversely, different potentials mainly affected fermentable substrate-fed biofilms, with dominating ARB turning into Unclassified_AKYG59.
28944402	4	2	theme	Illumina	707:714	arg1	sequencing					722:731	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	707:731	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	707:731	Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the dominating ARB was Geobacter, which did not change with different potentials.
28944402	10	3	theme	different	1522:1530	arg1	potentials					1532:1541	different potentials	1522:1541	different potentials	1522:1541	Conversely, different potentials mainly affected fermentable substrate-fed biofilms, with dominating ARB turning into Unclassified_AKYG59.
28944402	3	4	theme	Non-turnover	484:495	arg1	voltammetry					504:514	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry	484:514	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry	484:514	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	9	5	theme	dominating	1409:1418	arg1	ARB					1420:1422	the dominating ARB	1405:1422	the dominating ARB	1405:1422	Consequently, substrate primarily determined the dominating ARB, and Geobacter invariably dominated the acetate-fed biofilms with potentials changed.
28944402	0	6	theme	anode-respiring	58:72	arg1	bacteria					74:81	the anode-respiring bacteria	54:81	the anode-respiring bacteria	54:81	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	0	7	from	impact	4:9	arg1	bacteria					74:81	the anode-respiring bacteria	54:81	the anode-respiring bacteria	54:81	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	1	8	from	process	146:152	arg1	systems					197:203	bioelectrochemical systems	178:203	bioelectrochemical systems	178:203	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	3	9	theme	cyclic	497:502	arg1	voltammetry					504:514	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry	484:514	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry	484:514	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	7	10	theme	low	1107:1109	arg1	potentials					1111:1120	high and low potentials	1098:1120	high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively)	1098:1154	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	7	11	theme	maximum	1165:1171	arg1	densities					1181:1189	the maximum current densities	1161:1189	the maximum current densities	1161:1189	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	7	12	theme	high	1098:1101	arg1	potentials					1111:1120	high and low potentials	1098:1120	high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively)	1098:1154	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	3	13	theme	extracellular	535:547	arg1	components					567:576	the extracellular electron transfer components	531:576	the extracellular electron transfer components	531:576	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	3	13	theme	extracellular	535:547	arg1	uniform					583:589	uniform	583:589	uniform	583:589	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	5	14	theme	- 0.29	955:960	arg1	potentials					941:950	potentials	941:950	potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V	941:971	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
28944402	1	15	theme	anode-respiring	252:266	arg1	ARB					278:280	ARB	278:280	ARB	278:280	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	1	15	theme	anode-respiring	252:266	arg1	bacteria					268:275	anode-respiring bacteria	252:275	the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure	248:301	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	7	16	theme	current	1173:1179	arg1	densities					1181:1189	the maximum current densities	1161:1189	the maximum current densities	1161:1189	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	5	17	theme	0.01 V	966:971	arg1	potentials					941:950	potentials	941:950	potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V	941:971	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
28944402	3	18	theme	electron	549:556	arg1	transfer					558:565	electron transfer	549:565	the extracellular electron transfer components	531:576	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	1	19	theme	bacteria	268:275	arg1	structure					293:301	the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure	248:301	the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure	248:301	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	1	20	theme	biofilm	157:163	arg1	formation					165:173	biofilm formation	157:173	biofilm formation	157:173	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	2	21	dep	divided	346:352	arg1	feeding					403:409	feeding	403:409	feeding them with different substrates	403:440	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	2	21	dep	divided	346:352	arg1	culturing					446:454	culturing	446:454	culturing them at various potentials	446:481	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	1	22	theme	formation	165:173	arg1	process					146:152	the process	142:152	the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems	142:203	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	2	23	theme	different	421:429	arg1	substrates					431:440	different substrates	421:440	different substrates	421:440	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	10	24	theme	fermentable	1559:1569	arg1	biofilms					1585:1592	fermentable substrate-fed biofilms	1559:1592	fermentable substrate-fed biofilms	1559:1592	Conversely, different potentials mainly affected fermentable substrate-fed biofilms, with dominating ARB turning into Unclassified_AKYG59.
28944402	4	25	theme	dominating	751:760	arg1	ARB					762:764	the dominating ARB	747:764	the dominating ARB	747:764	Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the dominating ARB was Geobacter, which did not change with different potentials.
28944402	4	25	theme	dominating	751:760	arg1	Geobacter					770:778	Geobacter	770:778	Geobacter	770:778	Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the dominating ARB was Geobacter, which did not change with different potentials.
28944402	5	26	theme	mixed	874:878	arg1	substrates					880:889	mixed substrates	874:889	mixed substrates	874:889	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
28944402	2	27	theme	electrolysis	364:375	arg1	MECs					384:387	MECs	384:387	MECs	384:387	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	2	27	theme	electrolysis	364:375	arg1	cells					377:381	microbial electrolysis cells	354:381	microbial electrolysis cells (MECs)	354:388	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	0	28	theme	electron	14:21	arg1	donors					23:28	electron donors	14:28	electron donors	14:28	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	5	29	theme	peak	902:905	arg1	- 0.29 ± 0.015 V					911:926	- 0.29 ± 0.015 V	911:926	- 0.29 ± 0.015 V	911:926	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
28944402	5	29	theme	peak	902:905	arg1	P3					907:908	oxidation peak P3	892:908	oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V)	892:927	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
28944402	3	30	theme	transfer	558:565	arg1	components					567:576	the extracellular electron transfer components	531:576	the extracellular electron transfer components	531:576	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	3	30	theme	transfer	558:565	arg1	uniform					583:589	uniform	583:589	uniform	583:589	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	9	31	theme	acetate-fed	1464:1474	arg1	biofilms					1476:1483	the acetate-fed biofilms	1460:1483	the acetate-fed biofilms	1460:1483	Consequently, substrate primarily determined the dominating ARB, and Geobacter invariably dominated the acetate-fed biofilms with potentials changed.
28944402	7	32	dep	potentials	1111:1120	arg1	- 0.45 V					1132:1139	- 0.45 V	1132:1139	- 0.45 V	1132:1139	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	7	32	dep	potentials	1111:1120	arg1	0.61					1123:1126	0.61	1123:1126	0.61	1123:1126	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	1	33	theme	anode	99:103	arg1	potentials					105:114	anode potentials	99:114	anode potentials	99:114	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	1	34	theme	community	283:291	arg1	structure					293:301	the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure	248:301	the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure	248:301	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	7	35	theme	oxidation	1050:1058	arg1	- 0.99 ± 0.01 V					1069:1083	- 0.99 ± 0.01 V	1069:1083	- 0.99 ± 0.01 V	1069:1083	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	7	35	theme	oxidation	1050:1058	arg1	P4					1065:1066	oxidation peak P4	1050:1066	oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V)	1050:1084	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	1	36	theme	bioelectrochemical	178:195	arg1	systems					197:203	bioelectrochemical systems	178:203	bioelectrochemical systems	178:203	Both anode potentials and substrates can affect the process of biofilm formation in bioelectrochemical systems, but it is unclear who primarily determine the anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) community structure and composition.
28944402	8	37	theme	MiSeq	1247:1251	arg1	sequencing					1253:1262	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	1238:1262	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	1238:1262	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	0	38	theme	donors	23:28	arg1	impact					4:9	The impact	0:9	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria	0:81	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	7	39	theme	peak	1060:1063	arg1	- 0.99 ± 0.01 V					1069:1083	- 0.99 ± 0.01 V	1069:1083	- 0.99 ± 0.01 V	1069:1083	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	7	39	theme	peak	1060:1063	arg1	P4					1065:1066	oxidation peak P4	1050:1066	oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V)	1050:1084	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	8	40	theme	Illumina	1238:1245	arg1	sequencing					1253:1262	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	1238:1262	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	1238:1262	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	0	41	theme	potentials	40:49	arg1	impact					4:9	The impact	0:9	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria	0:81	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	0	42	theme	anode	34:38	arg1	potentials					40:49	anode potentials	34:49	anode potentials	34:49	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	8	43	dep	microorganisms	1289:1302	arg1	Sphaerochaeta					1321:1333	Sphaerochaeta	1321:1333	Sphaerochaeta	1321:1333	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	8	43	dep	microorganisms	1289:1302	arg1	Lactococcus					1305:1315	Lactococcus	1305:1315	Lactococcus	1305:1315	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	8	43	dep	microorganisms	1289:1302	arg1	microorganisms					1289:1302	fermentation microorganisms	1276:1302	fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta)	1276:1334	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	4	44	theme	MiSeq	716:720	arg1	sequencing					722:731	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	707:731	Illumina MiSeq sequencing	707:731	Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the dominating ARB was Geobacter, which did not change with different potentials.
28944402	3	45	theme	same	625:628	arg1	peaks					640:644	the same oxidation peaks	621:644	the same oxidation peaks	621:644	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	8	46	theme	fermentation	1276:1287	arg1	Sphaerochaeta					1321:1333	Sphaerochaeta	1321:1333	Sphaerochaeta	1321:1333	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	8	46	theme	fermentation	1276:1287	arg1	Lactococcus					1305:1315	Lactococcus	1305:1315	Lactococcus	1305:1315	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	8	46	theme	fermentation	1276:1287	arg1	microorganisms					1289:1302	fermentation microorganisms	1276:1302	fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta)	1276:1334	Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that fermentation microorganisms (Lactococcus and Sphaerochaeta) dominated the biofilms.
28944402	6	47	theme	Unclassified_AKYG597	1015:1034	arg1	appearance					1001:1010	the appearance	997:1010	the appearance of Unclassified_AKYG597	997:1034	This may be because of the appearance of Unclassified_AKYG597.
28944402	0	48	dep	community	83:91	arg1	impact					4:9	The impact	0:9	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria	0:81	The impact of electron donors and anode potentials on the anode-respiring bacteria community.
28944402	3	49	theme	oxidation	630:638	arg1	peaks					640:644	the same oxidation peaks	621:644	the same oxidation peaks	621:644	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	7	50	theme	middle	1219:1224	arg1	potentials					1226:1235	the middle potentials	1215:1235	the middle potentials	1215:1235	In addition, oxidation peak P4 (- 0.99 ± 0.01 V) occurred at high and low potentials (0.61 and - 0.45 V, respectively), and the maximum current densities were far below those of the middle potentials.
28944402	3	51	dep	occurred	646:653	arg1	Ag/AgCl					697:703	Ag/AgCl	697:703	Ag/AgCl	697:703	Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry indicated that the extracellular electron transfer components were uniform when feeding acetate, because the same oxidation peaks occurred at - 0.36 ± 0.01 and - 0.17 ± 0.01 V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
28944402	4	52	theme	different	807:815	arg1	potentials					817:826	different potentials	807:826	different potentials	807:826	Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the dominating ARB was Geobacter, which did not change with different potentials.
28944402	2	53	theme	microbial	354:362	arg1	MECs					384:387	MECs	384:387	MECs	384:387	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	2	53	theme	microbial	354:362	arg1	cells					377:381	microbial electrolysis cells	354:381	microbial electrolysis cells (MECs)	354:388	To address this issue, we divided microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) into groups, feeding them with different substrates and culturing them at various potentials.
28944402	5	54	theme	oxidation	892:900	arg1	- 0.29 ± 0.015 V					911:926	- 0.29 ± 0.015 V	911:926	- 0.29 ± 0.015 V	911:926	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
28944402	5	54	theme	oxidation	892:900	arg1	P3					907:908	oxidation peak P3	892:908	oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V)	892:927	When the MECs were cultured with sucrose and mixed substrates, oxidation peak P3 (- 0.29 ± 0.015 V) occurred at potentials of - 0.29 and 0.01 V.
29519420	8	0	from	implantation	1285:1296	arg1	mice					1306:1309	nude mice	1301:1309	nude mice	1301:1309	Furthermore, the ACBM-Sr scaffolds showed good histocompatibility after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice.
29519420	3	1	theme	dopamine	478:485	arg1	ability					467:473	the surface adhesion ability	446:473	the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA)	446:492	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	3	1	theme	dopamine	478:485	arg1	ability					401:407	the ion chelating ability	383:407	the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	383:440	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	5	2	theme	strontium-coated	749:764	arg1	scaffolds					781:789	the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	745:789	the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	745:789	After surface decoration, the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds were characterized, and their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity were determined in vitro and in vivo.
29519420	1	3	theme	bone	160:163	arg1	repair					165:170	bone repair	160:170	bone repair	160:170	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM) provides an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair, but its osteoinductivity is poor.
29519420	4	4	theme	CMC-DOPA-Sr	537:547	arg1	composite					549:557	the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite	533:557	the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite	533:557	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	5	5	theme	surface	691:697	arg1	decoration					699:708	surface decoration	691:708	surface decoration	691:708	After surface decoration, the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds were characterized, and their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity were determined in vitro and in vivo.
29519420	6	6	theme	strontium	959:967	arg1	coating					969:975	strontium coating	959:975	strontium coating	959:975	The results showed that the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite facilitated strontium coating on the surface of ACBM scaffolds.
29519420	9	7	theme	good	1442:1445	arg1	biocompatibility					1447:1462	good biocompatibility	1442:1462	good biocompatibility	1442:1462	Taken together, this study provided a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity.
29519420	3	8	theme	strontium	328:336	arg1	strategy					346:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy	298:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds	298:372	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	2	9	theme	implants	260:267	arg1	osteoinductivity					235:250	the osteoinductivity	231:250	the osteoinductivity of bone implants	231:267	Strontium (Sr) improves the osteoinductivity of bone implants.
29519420	8	10	theme	subcutaneous	1272:1283	arg1	implantation					1285:1296	subcutaneous implantation	1272:1296	subcutaneous implantation in nude mice	1272:1309	Furthermore, the ACBM-Sr scaffolds showed good histocompatibility after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice.
29519420	3	11	theme	cellulose	426:434	arg1	ability					467:473	the surface adhesion ability	446:473	the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA)	446:492	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	3	11	theme	cellulose	426:434	arg1	ability					401:407	the ion chelating ability	383:407	the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	383:440	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	3	12	theme	coating	338:344	arg1	strategy					346:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy	298:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds	298:372	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	0	13	theme	human	46:50	arg1	matrix					67:72	human acellular bone matrix	46:72	human acellular bone matrix	46:72	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	2	14	theme	bone	255:258	arg1	implants					260:267	bone implants	255:267	bone implants	255:267	Strontium (Sr) improves the osteoinductivity of bone implants.
29519420	4	15	theme	chemical	608:615	arg1	structure					617:625	its chemical structure	604:625	its chemical structure	604:625	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	0	16	theme	composite-mediated	8:25	arg1	coating					35:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating	0:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium	0:87	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	5	17	theme	physicochemical	715:729	arg1	properties					731:740	the physicochemical properties	711:740	the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	711:789	After surface decoration, the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds were characterized, and their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity were determined in vitro and in vivo.
29519420	1	18	theme	Acellular	90:98	arg1	ACBM					113:116	ACBM	113:116	ACBM	113:116	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM) provides an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair, but its osteoinductivity is poor.
29519420	1	18	theme	Acellular	90:98	arg1	matrix					105:110	Acellular bone matrix	90:110	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM)	90:117	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM) provides an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair, but its osteoinductivity is poor.
29519420	7	19	contain	possessed	1033:1041	arg2	profile					1077:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	7	19	contain	possessed	1033:1041	arg1	scaffolds					1023:1031	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds	1011:1031	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds	1011:1031	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	4	20	theme	strontium	631:639	arg1	ability					655:661	strontium ion chelating ability	631:661	strontium ion chelating ability	631:661	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	0	21	theme	Organic	0:6	arg1	coating					35:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating	0:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium	0:87	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	9	22	theme	simple	1350:1355	arg1	strategy					1366:1373	a simple and mild strategy	1348:1373	a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity	1348:1492	Taken together, this study provided a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity.
29519420	9	23	theme	strontium	1386:1394	arg1	coating					1396:1402	strontium coating	1386:1402	strontium coating	1386:1402	Taken together, this study provided a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity.
29519420	1	24	theme	bone	100:103	arg1	ACBM					113:116	ACBM	113:116	ACBM	113:116	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM) provides an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair, but its osteoinductivity is poor.
29519420	1	24	theme	bone	100:103	arg1	matrix					105:110	Acellular bone matrix	90:110	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM)	90:117	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM) provides an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair, but its osteoinductivity is poor.
29519420	0	25	theme	acellular	52:60	arg1	matrix					67:72	human acellular bone matrix	46:72	human acellular bone matrix	46:72	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	3	26	theme	carboxymethyl	412:424	arg1	cellulose					426:434	carboxymethyl cellulose	412:434	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	412:440	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	3	26	theme	carboxymethyl	412:424	arg1	CMC					437:439	CMC	437:439	CMC	437:439	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	3	27	theme	ACBM	359:362	arg1	scaffolds					364:372	ACBM scaffolds	359:372	ACBM scaffolds	359:372	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	5	28	theme	scaffolds	781:789	arg1	properties					731:740	the physicochemical properties	711:740	the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	711:789	After surface decoration, the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds were characterized, and their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity were determined in vitro and in vivo.
29519420	7	29	theme	ion	1065:1067	arg1	profile					1077:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	8	30	theme	ACBM-Sr	1217:1223	arg1	scaffolds					1225:1233	the ACBM-Sr scaffolds	1213:1233	the ACBM-Sr scaffolds	1213:1233	Furthermore, the ACBM-Sr scaffolds showed good histocompatibility after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice.
29519420	0	31	theme	surface	27:33	arg1	coating					35:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating	0:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium	0:87	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	9	32	theme	mild	1361:1364	arg1	strategy					1366:1373	a simple and mild strategy	1348:1373	a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity	1348:1492	Taken together, this study provided a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity.
29519420	7	33	theme	release	1069:1075	arg1	profile					1077:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	4	34	theme	chelating	645:653	arg1	ability					655:661	strontium ion chelating ability	631:661	strontium ion chelating ability	631:661	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	3	35	theme	chelating	391:399	arg1	ability					401:407	the ion chelating ability	383:407	the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	383:440	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	7	36	theme	sustained	1045:1053	arg1	profile					1077:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	5	37	theme	ACBM	766:769	arg1	scaffolds					781:789	the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	745:789	the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	745:789	After surface decoration, the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds were characterized, and their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity were determined in vitro and in vivo.
29519420	6	38	theme	CMC-DOPA-Sr	925:935	arg1	composite					937:945	the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite	921:945	the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite	921:945	The results showed that the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite facilitated strontium coating on the surface of ACBM scaffolds.
29519420	7	39	theme	strontium	1055:1063	arg1	profile					1077:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	a sustained strontium ion release profile	1043:1083	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	6	40	theme	scaffolds	1000:1008	arg1	surface					984:990	the surface	980:990	the surface of ACBM scaffolds	980:1008	The results showed that the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite facilitated strontium coating on the surface of ACBM scaffolds.
29519420	0	41	with	coating	35:41	arg1	strontium					79:87	strontium	79:87	strontium	79:87	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	7	42	theme	mesenchymal	1167:1177	arg1	cells					1184:1188	mesenchymal stem cells	1167:1188	mesenchymal stem cells	1167:1188	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	0	43	theme	bone	62:65	arg1	matrix					67:72	human acellular bone matrix	46:72	human acellular bone matrix	46:72	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	5	44	theme	ACBM-Sr	772:778	arg1	scaffolds					781:789	the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	745:789	the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds	745:789	After surface decoration, the physicochemical properties of the strontium-coated ACBM (ACBM-Sr) scaffolds were characterized, and their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity were determined in vitro and in vivo.
29519420	3	45	theme	composite-mediated	309:326	arg1	strategy					346:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy	298:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds	298:372	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	3	46	theme	ion	387:389	arg1	ability					401:407	the ion chelating ability	383:407	the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	383:440	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	4	47	theme	coating	507:513	arg1	composite					515:523	The organic coating composite	495:523	The organic coating composite	495:523	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	7	48	theme	good	1096:1099	arg1	cytocompatibility					1101:1117	good cytocompatibility	1096:1117	good cytocompatibility	1096:1117	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	4	49	theme	organic	499:505	arg1	composite					515:523	The organic coating composite	495:523	The organic coating composite	495:523	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	7	50	theme	ACBM-Sr	1015:1021	arg1	scaffolds					1023:1031	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds	1011:1031	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds	1011:1031	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	7	51	theme	osteogenic	1137:1146	arg1	differentiation					1148:1162	the osteogenic differentiation	1133:1162	the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells	1133:1188	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	3	52	theme	surface	450:456	arg1	ability					467:473	the surface adhesion ability	446:473	the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA)	446:492	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	7	53	theme	cells	1184:1188	arg1	differentiation					1148:1162	the osteogenic differentiation	1133:1162	the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells	1133:1188	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	3	54	theme	adhesion	458:465	arg1	ability					467:473	the surface adhesion ability	446:473	the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA)	446:492	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	9	55	theme	ACBM	1408:1411	arg1	scaffolds					1413:1421	ACBM scaffolds	1408:1421	ACBM scaffolds	1408:1421	Taken together, this study provided a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity.
29519420	3	56	theme	organic	301:307	arg1	strategy					346:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy	298:353	an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds	298:372	In this study, we developed an organic composite-mediated strontium coating strategy for ACBM scaffolds by using the ion chelating ability of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and the surface adhesion ability of dopamine (DOPA).
29519420	8	57	theme	nude	1301:1304	arg1	mice					1306:1309	nude mice	1301:1309	nude mice	1301:1309	Furthermore, the ACBM-Sr scaffolds showed good histocompatibility after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice.
29519420	1	58	theme	osteoconductive	131:145	arg1	scaffold					147:154	an osteoconductive scaffold	128:154	an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair	128:170	Acellular bone matrix (ACBM) provides an osteoconductive scaffold for bone repair, but its osteoinductivity is poor.
29519420	8	59	theme	good	1242:1245	arg1	histocompatibility					1247:1264	good histocompatibility	1242:1264	good histocompatibility	1242:1264	Furthermore, the ACBM-Sr scaffolds showed good histocompatibility after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice.
29519420	4	60	theme	mild	584:587	arg1	condition					589:597	a mild condition	582:597	a mild condition	582:597	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	0	61	theme	matrix	67:72	arg1	coating					35:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating	0:41	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium	0:87	Organic composite-mediated surface coating of human acellular bone matrix with strontium.
29519420	9	62	theme	improved	1468:1475	arg1	osteoinductivity					1477:1492	improved osteoinductivity	1468:1492	improved osteoinductivity	1468:1492	Taken together, this study provided a simple and mild strategy to realize strontium coating for ACBM scaffolds, which resulted in good biocompatibility and improved osteoinductivity.
29519420	7	63	theme	stem	1179:1182	arg1	cells					1184:1188	mesenchymal stem cells	1167:1188	mesenchymal stem cells	1167:1188	The ACBM-Sr scaffolds possessed a sustained strontium ion release profile, exhibited good cytocompatibility, and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
29519420	4	64	theme	ion	641:643	arg1	ability					655:661	strontium ion chelating ability	631:661	strontium ion chelating ability	631:661	The organic coating composite, termed the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite, was synthesized under a mild condition, and its chemical structure and strontium ion chelating ability were then determined.
29519420	6	65	theme	ACBM	995:998	arg1	scaffolds					1000:1008	ACBM scaffolds	995:1008	ACBM scaffolds	995:1008	The results showed that the CMC-DOPA-Sr composite facilitated strontium coating on the surface of ACBM scaffolds.
26107507	7	0	theme	=	1181:1181	arg1	P					1179:1179	P	1179:1179	P = 0.02	1179:1186	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	9	1	theme	=	1521:1521	arg1	P					1519:1519	P = 0.007	1519:1527	P = 0.007	1519:1527	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	4	2	with	associations	658:669	arg1	survival					698:705	survival	698:705	survival	698:705	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	4	2	with	associations	658:669	arg1	response					685:692	clinical response	676:692	clinical response	676:692	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	=					1442:1442	=	1442:1442	=	1442:1442	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	0.03					1444:1447	0.03	1444:1447	0.03	1444:1447	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	=					1413:1413	=	1413:1413	=	1413:1413	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	0.03					1415:1418	0.03	1415:1418	0.03	1415:1418	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	BDG+GM					1467:1472	BDG+GM	1467:1472	BDG+GM	1467:1472	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	0.01					1430:1433	0.01	1430:1433	0.01	1430:1433	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	BDG+GM					1403:1408	BDG+GM	1403:1408	BDG+GM	1403:1408	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	3	dep	survival	1382:1389	arg1	=					1428:1428	=	1428:1428	=	1428:1428	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	11	4	theme	first	1679:1683	arg1	weeks					1687:1691	the first 2 weeks	1675:1691	the first 2 weeks	1675:1691	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	6	5	theme	=	1016:1016	arg1	P					1014:1014	P = 0.02	1014:1021	P = 0.02	1014:1021	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	4	6	theme	treatment	630:638	arg1	weeks					621:625	the first 2 and 6 weeks	603:625	the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment	603:638	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	3	7	theme	standard-of-care	531:546	arg1	therapy					559:565	standard-of-care antifungal therapy	531:565	standard-of-care antifungal therapy	531:565	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	7	8	from	weeks	1164:1168	arg1	response					1107:1114	clinical response	1098:1114	clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks	1098:1168	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	10	9	theme	Similar	1531:1537	arg1	correlations					1539:1550	Similar correlations	1531:1550	Similar correlations	1531:1550	Similar correlations occurred for biomarkers measured over 6 weeks.
26107507	4	10	theme	first	607:611	arg1	weeks					621:625	the first 2 and 6 weeks	603:625	the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment	603:638	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	4	11	theme	clinical	676:683	arg1	response					685:692	clinical response	676:692	clinical response	676:692	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	3	12	theme	therapy	559:565	arg1	initiation					517:526	initiation	517:526	initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy	517:565	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	11	13	with	Patients	1599:1606	arg1	GMI					1664:1666	persistently negative GMI	1642:1666	persistently negative GMI	1642:1666	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	11	13	with	Patients	1599:1606	arg1	GMI					1631:1633	negative baseline GMI	1613:1633	negative baseline GMI	1613:1633	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	8	14	from	weeks	1247:1251	arg1	rates					1236:1240	Overall survival rates	1219:1240	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks	1219:1264	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks were 87.2% (41/47) and 79.1% (34/43), respectively.
26107507	2	15	theme	serum	255:259	arg1	GM					276:277	GM	276:277	GM	276:277	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	2	15	theme	serum	255:259	arg1	galactomannan					261:273	serum galactomannan	255:273	serum galactomannan (GM)	255:278	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	6	16	theme	clinical	908:915	arg1	response					917:924	clinical response	908:924	clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks	908:964	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	11	17	theme	negative	1613:1620	arg1	GMI					1631:1633	negative baseline GMI	1613:1633	negative baseline GMI	1613:1633	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	11	18	contain	have	1713:1716	arg1	Patients					1599:1606	Patients	1599:1606	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks	1599:1691	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	11	18	contain	have	1713:1716	arg2	CR					1718:1719	CR	1718:1719	CR	1718:1719	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	11	18	contain	have	1713:1716	arg2	survival					1725:1732	survival	1725:1732	survival	1725:1732	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	5	19	theme	clinical	789:796	arg1	response					798:805	clinical response	789:805	clinical response	789:805	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	5	20	contain	had	785:787	arg1	27/41					778:782	27/41	778:782	27/41	778:782	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	5	20	contain	had	785:787	arg1	25/47					760:764	25/47	760:764	25/47	760:764	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	5	20	contain	had	785:787	arg1	%					757:757	53.2%	753:757	53.2% (25/47)	753:765	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	5	20	contain	had	785:787	arg1	%					775:775	65.9%	771:775	65.9% (27/41)	771:783	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	5	20	contain	had	785:787	arg2	response					798:805	clinical response	789:805	clinical response	789:805	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	7	21	theme	=	1210:1210	arg1	P					1208:1208	P = 0.01	1208:1215	P = 0.01	1208:1215	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	0	22	from	Correlation	0:10	arg1	Aspergillosis					83:95	Invasive Aspergillosis	74:95	Invasive Aspergillosis	74:95	Correlation between Circulating Fungal Biomarkers and Clinical Outcome in Invasive Aspergillosis.
26107507	4	23	from	12	722:723	arg1	survival					698:705	survival	698:705	survival	698:705	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	4	23	from	12	722:723	arg1	response					685:692	clinical response	676:692	clinical response	676:692	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	6	24	theme	first	873:877	arg1	weeks					881:885	the first 2 weeks	869:885	the first 2 weeks	869:885	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	25	dep	associated	892:901	arg1	composite					974:982	GM+BDG composite	967:982	GM+BDG composite	967:982	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	7	26	from	weeks	1121:1125	arg1	response					1107:1114	clinical response	1098:1114	clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks	1098:1168	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	3	27	theme	serial	404:409	arg1	GM					411:412	serial GM and BDG levels	404:427	GM	411:412	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	7	28	dep	BDG+GM	1171:1176	arg1	P					1208:1208	P = 0.01	1208:1215	P = 0.01	1208:1215	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	28	dep	BDG+GM	1171:1176	arg1	GM					1189:1190	GM	1189:1190	GM	1189:1190	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	28	dep	BDG+GM	1171:1176	arg1	GMI					1203:1205	GMI	1203:1205	GMI	1203:1205	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	28	dep	BDG+GM	1171:1176	arg1	P					1179:1179	P	1179:1179	P = 0.02	1179:1186	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	28	dep	BDG+GM	1171:1176	arg1	P					1193:1193	P	1193:1193	P = 0.02	1193:1200	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	3	29	theme	GM	433:434	arg1	density					444:450	GM optical density	433:450	GM optical density indices (GMI)	433:464	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	0	30	theme	Circulating	20:30	arg1	Biomarkers					39:48	Circulating Fungal Biomarkers	20:48	Circulating Fungal Biomarkers	20:48	Correlation between Circulating Fungal Biomarkers and Clinical Outcome in Invasive Aspergillosis.
26107507	6	31	from	weeks	960:964	arg1	response					917:924	clinical response	908:924	clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks	908:964	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	0	32	theme	Clinical	54:61	arg1	Outcome					63:69	Clinical Outcome	54:69	Clinical Outcome	54:69	Correlation between Circulating Fungal Biomarkers and Clinical Outcome in Invasive Aspergillosis.
26107507	6	33	theme	GM+BDG	967:972	arg1	composite					974:982	GM+BDG composite	967:982	GM+BDG composite	967:982	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	34	from	Changes	840:846	arg1	biomarkers					851:860	biomarkers	851:860	biomarkers	851:860	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	3	35	theme	density	444:450	arg1	GMI					461:463	GMI	461:463	GMI	461:463	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	3	35	theme	density	444:450	arg1	indices					452:458	GM optical density indices	433:458	GM optical density indices (GMI)	433:464	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	7	36	theme	=	1149:1149	arg1	P					1147:1147	P = 0.03	1147:1154	P = 0.03	1147:1154	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	9	37	from	biomarkers	1329:1338	arg1	weeks					1355:1359	the first 2 weeks	1343:1359	the first 2 weeks	1343:1359	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	8	38	theme	survival	1227:1234	arg1	rates					1236:1240	Overall survival rates	1219:1240	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks	1219:1264	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks were 87.2% (41/47) and 79.1% (34/43), respectively.
26107507	6	39	dep	composite	974:982	arg1	GM					995:996	GM	995:996	GM	995:996	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	39	dep	composite	974:982	arg1	GMI					1009:1011	GMI	1009:1011	GMI	1009:1011	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	39	dep	composite	974:982	arg1	P					985:985	P	985:985	P = 0.05	985:992	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	39	dep	composite	974:982	arg1	P					1014:1014	P = 0.02	1014:1021	P = 0.02	1014:1021	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	39	dep	composite	974:982	arg1	P					999:999	P	999:999	P = 0.04	999:1006	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	P					1411:1411	P	1411:1411	P	1411:1411	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	GM					1436:1437	GM	1436:1437	GM	1436:1437	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	BDG					1421:1423	BDG	1421:1423	BDG	1421:1423	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	weeks					1460:1464	12 weeks	1457:1464	12 weeks	1457:1464	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	P					1426:1426	P	1426:1426	P	1426:1426	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	survival					1382:1389	survival	1382:1389	survival at 6 weeks	1382:1400	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	40	from	weeks	1396:1400	arg1	P					1440:1440	P	1440:1440	P	1440:1440	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	7	41	from	Changes	1025:1031	arg1	biomarkers					1036:1045	biomarkers	1036:1045	biomarkers	1036:1045	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	42	dep	GM	1128:1129	arg1	GMI					1142:1144	GMI	1142:1144	GMI	1142:1144	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	42	dep	GM	1128:1129	arg1	P					1132:1132	P = 0.05	1132:1139	P = 0.05	1132:1139	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	42	dep	GM	1128:1129	arg1	P					1147:1147	P = 0.03	1147:1154	P = 0.03	1147:1154	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	5	43	with	patients	735:742	arg1	IA					749:750	IA	749:750	IA	749:750	Among 47 patients with IA, 53.2% (25/47) and 65.9% (27/41) had clinical response by weeks 6 and 12, respectively.
26107507	1	44	theme	invasive	189:196	arg1	IA					213:214	IA	213:214	IA	213:214	Objective means are needed to predict and assess clinical response in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA).
26107507	1	44	theme	invasive	189:196	arg1	aspergillosis					198:210	invasive aspergillosis	189:210	invasive aspergillosis (IA)	189:215	Objective means are needed to predict and assess clinical response in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA).
26107507	6	45	theme	=	987:987	arg1	P					985:985	P	985:985	P = 0.05	985:992	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	46	dep	=	987:987	arg1	0.05					989:992	0.05	989:992	0.05	989:992	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	6	47	from	weeks	931:935	arg1	response					917:924	clinical response	908:924	clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks	908:964	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	7	48	theme	first	1058:1062	arg1	weeks					1066:1070	the first 6 weeks	1054:1070	the first 6 weeks	1054:1070	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	12	49	from	response	1828:1835	arg1	patients					1864:1871	patients	1864:1871	patients treated for IA	1864:1886	These results suggest that changes of biomarkers may be informative to predict and/or assess response to therapy and survival in patients treated for IA.
26107507	2	50	theme	early	238:242	arg1	changes					244:250	early changes	238:250	early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG)	238:302	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	BDG					1485:1487	BDG	1485:1487	BDG	1485:1487	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	GM					1500:1501	GM	1500:1501	GM	1500:1501	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	P					1504:1504	P = 0.01	1504:1511	P = 0.01	1504:1511	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	P					1519:1519	P = 0.007	1519:1527	P = 0.007	1519:1527	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	P					1475:1475	P = 0.01	1475:1482	P = 0.01	1475:1482	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	P					1490:1490	P = 0.03	1490:1497	P = 0.03	1490:1497	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	51	dep	BDG+GM	1467:1472	arg1	GMI					1514:1516	GMI	1514:1516	GMI	1514:1516	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	7	52	theme	=	1134:1134	arg1	P					1132:1132	P = 0.05	1132:1139	P = 0.05	1132:1139	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	8	53	from	weeks	1260:1264	arg1	rates					1236:1240	Overall survival rates	1219:1240	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks	1219:1264	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks were 87.2% (41/47) and 79.1% (34/43), respectively.
26107507	3	54	theme	antifungal	548:557	arg1	therapy					559:565	standard-of-care antifungal therapy	531:565	standard-of-care antifungal therapy	531:565	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	6	55	dep	=	1001:1001	arg1	0.04					1003:1006	0.04	1003:1006	0.04	1003:1006	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	9	56	theme	Decreasing	1318:1327	arg1	biomarkers					1329:1338	Decreasing biomarkers	1318:1338	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks	1318:1359	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	0	57	theme	Invasive	74:81	arg1	Aspergillosis					83:95	Invasive Aspergillosis	74:95	Invasive Aspergillosis	74:95	Correlation between Circulating Fungal Biomarkers and Clinical Outcome in Invasive Aspergillosis.
26107507	1	58	theme	clinical	147:154	arg1	response					156:163	clinical response	147:163	clinical response in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA)	147:215	Objective means are needed to predict and assess clinical response in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA).
26107507	11	59	theme	baseline	1622:1629	arg1	GMI					1631:1633	negative baseline GMI	1613:1633	negative baseline GMI	1613:1633	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	6	60	theme	=	1001:1001	arg1	P					999:999	P	999:999	P = 0.04	999:1006	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	11	61	theme	negative	1655:1662	arg1	GMI					1664:1666	persistently negative GMI	1642:1666	persistently negative GMI	1642:1666	Patients with negative baseline GMI and/or persistently negative GMI during the first 2 weeks were more likely to have CR and survival.
26107507	9	62	theme	first	1347:1351	arg1	weeks					1355:1359	the first 2 weeks	1343:1359	the first 2 weeks	1343:1359	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	9	63	theme	=	1477:1477	arg1	P					1475:1475	P = 0.01	1475:1482	P = 0.01	1475:1482	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	4	64	from	Changes	568:574	arg1	biomarkers					585:594	these biomarkers	579:594	these biomarkers	579:594	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	3	65	theme	proven	349:354	arg1	IA					368:369	proven or probable IA	349:369	proven or probable IA	349:369	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	1	66	from	response	156:163	arg1	patients					168:175	patients	168:175	patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA)	168:215	Objective means are needed to predict and assess clinical response in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA).
26107507	6	67	theme	=	945:945	arg1	P					943:943	P = 0.03	943:950	P = 0.03	943:950	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	3	68	theme	BDG	418:420	arg1	levels					422:427	serial GM and BDG levels	404:427	levels	422:427	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	4	69	from	weeks	710:714	arg1	survival					698:705	survival	698:705	survival	698:705	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	4	69	from	weeks	710:714	arg1	response					685:692	clinical response	676:692	clinical response	676:692	Changes in these biomarkers during the first 2 and 6 weeks of treatment were analyzed for associations with clinical response and survival at weeks 6 and 12.
26107507	1	70	theme	Objective	98:106	arg1	means					108:112	Objective means	98:112	Objective means	98:112	Objective means are needed to predict and assess clinical response in patients treated for invasive aspergillosis (IA).
26107507	9	71	theme	=	1492:1492	arg1	P					1490:1490	P = 0.03	1490:1497	P = 0.03	1490:1497	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	6	72	dep	GMI	938:940	arg1	P					943:943	P = 0.03	943:950	P = 0.03	943:950	Changes in biomarkers during the first 2 weeks were associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (GM+BDG composite, P = 0.05; GM, P = 0.04; GMI, P = 0.02).
26107507	0	73	theme	Fungal	32:37	arg1	Biomarkers					39:48	Circulating Fungal Biomarkers	20:48	Circulating Fungal Biomarkers	20:48	Correlation between Circulating Fungal Biomarkers and Clinical Outcome in Invasive Aspergillosis.
26107507	2	74	from	changes	244:250	arg1	BDG					299:301	BDG	299:301	BDG	299:301	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	2	74	from	changes	244:250	arg1	GM					276:277	GM	276:277	GM	276:277	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	2	74	from	changes	244:250	arg1	β-D-glucan					287:296	β-D-glucan	287:296	β-D-glucan (BDG)	287:302	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	2	74	from	changes	244:250	arg1	galactomannan					261:273	serum galactomannan	255:273	serum galactomannan (GM)	255:278	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	3	75	theme	probable	359:366	arg1	IA					368:369	proven or probable IA	349:369	proven or probable IA	349:369	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	3	76	theme	optical	436:442	arg1	density					444:450	GM optical density	433:450	GM optical density indices (GMI)	433:464	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	7	77	dep	=	1181:1181	arg1	0.02					1183:1186	0.02	1183:1186	0.02	1183:1186	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	78	dep	associated	1082:1091	arg1	BDG+GM					1171:1176	BDG+GM	1171:1176	BDG+GM	1171:1176	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	79	theme	clinical	1098:1105	arg1	response					1107:1114	clinical response	1098:1114	clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks	1098:1168	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	7	80	theme	=	1195:1195	arg1	P					1193:1193	P	1193:1193	P = 0.02	1193:1200	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
26107507	8	81	theme	Overall	1219:1225	arg1	rates					1236:1240	Overall survival rates	1219:1240	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks	1219:1264	Overall survival rates at 6 weeks and 12 weeks were 87.2% (41/47) and 79.1% (34/43), respectively.
26107507	9	82	theme	=	1506:1506	arg1	P					1504:1504	P = 0.01	1504:1511	P = 0.01	1504:1511	Decreasing biomarkers in the first 2 weeks were associated with survival at 6 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.03; BDG, P = 0.01; GM, P = 0.03) and at 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.01; BDG, P = 0.03; GM, P = 0.01; GMI, P = 0.007).
26107507	2	83	theme	clinical	316:323	arg1	outcomes					325:332	clinical outcomes	316:332	clinical outcomes	316:332	We examined whether early changes in serum galactomannan (GM) and/or β-D-glucan (BDG) can predict clinical outcomes.
26107507	3	84	with	Patients	335:342	arg1	IA					368:369	proven or probable IA	349:369	proven or probable IA	349:369	Patients with proven or probable IA were prospectively enrolled, and serial GM and BDG levels and GM optical density indices (GMI) were calculated twice weekly for 6 weeks following initiation of standard-of-care antifungal therapy.
26107507	12	85	theme	biomarkers	1773:1782	arg1	changes					1762:1768	changes	1762:1768	changes of biomarkers	1762:1782	These results suggest that changes of biomarkers may be informative to predict and/or assess response to therapy and survival in patients treated for IA.
26107507	7	86	dep	=	1195:1195	arg1	0.02					1197:1200	0.02	1197:1200	0.02	1197:1200	Changes in biomarkers during the first 6 weeks were also associated with clinical response at 6 weeks (GM, P = 0.05; GMI, P = 0.03) and 12 weeks (BDG+GM, P = 0.02; GM, P = 0.02; GMI, P = 0.01).
28282820	0	0	theme	samples	59:65	arg1	analysis					28:35	analysis	28:35	analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy	28:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	10	1	theme	Calais	1192:1197	arg1	Analyzer					1210:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	5	2	with	dilutions	646:654	arg1	water					686:690	distilled water	676:690	distilled water	676:690	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	0	3	theme	milk	54:57	arg1	samples					59:65	diluted human milk samples	40:65	diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy	40:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	4	4	dep	protein	482:488	arg1	E					530:530	E	530:530	E	530:530	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	4	4	dep	protein	482:488	arg1	Energy					522:527	Energy	522:527	Energy (E)	522:531	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	1	5	theme	human	147:151	arg1	HM					159:160	HM	159:160	HM	159:160	OBJECTIVE To determine the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	1	5	theme	human	147:151	arg1	milk					153:156	human milk	147:156	human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy	147:262	OBJECTIVE To determine the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	9	6	dep	differences	1134:1144	arg1	1 					1159:1160	1 	1159:1160	1 	1159:1160	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	9	6	dep	differences	1134:1144	arg1	dilutions					1165:1173	 3 dilutions	1162:1173	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions	1081:1173	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	9	6	dep	differences	1134:1144	arg1	 2					1152:1153	 2	1152:1153	 2	1152:1153	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	0	7	theme	mid-infrared	73:84	arg1	spectroscopy					86:97	mid-infrared spectroscopy	73:97	mid-infrared spectroscopy	73:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	9	8	theme	External	1041:1048	arg1	studies					1061:1067	External validation studies	1041:1067	External validation studies	1041:1067	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	3	9	dep	warmed	348:353	arg1	40°C					356:359	40°C	356:359	40°C	356:359	Milk was thawed and warmed (40°C) prior to analysis.
28282820	10	10	theme	Milk	1205:1208	arg1	Analyzer					1210:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	7	11	dep	RESULTS	766:772	arg1	1 					884:885	1 	884:885	1 	884:885	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	7	11	dep	RESULTS	766:772	arg1	dilutions					890:898	 3 dilutions	887:898	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.	766:899	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	7	11	dep	RESULTS	766:772	arg1	 2					877:878	 2	877:878	 2	877:878	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	7	11	dep	RESULTS	766:772	arg1	showed					798:803	showed	798:803	showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 	798:875	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	8	12	from	dilutions	923:931	arg1	Differences					901:911	Differences	901:911	Differences at higher dilutions	901:931	Differences at higher dilutions were statistically significant and deviated from native values enough to render those dilutions unreliable.
28282820	8	13	theme	native	982:987	arg1	values					989:994	native values	982:994	native values	982:994	Differences at higher dilutions were statistically significant and deviated from native values enough to render those dilutions unreliable.
28282820	13	14	dep	1 	1588:1589	arg1	1 					1598:1599	1 	1598:1599	1 	1598:1599	However, the accuracy and reliability of the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions are questionable.
28282820	13	14	dep	1 	1588:1589	arg1	dilutions					1605:1613	 10 dilutions	1601:1613	the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions	1584:1613	However, the accuracy and reliability of the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions are questionable.
28282820	13	14	dep	1 	1588:1589	arg1	 5					1591:1592	 5	1591:1592	 5	1591:1592	However, the accuracy and reliability of the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions are questionable.
28282820	1	15	theme	milk	153:156	arg1	dilution					135:142	the maximum dilution	123:142	the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy	123:262	OBJECTIVE To determine the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	9	16	from	1 	1149:1150	arg1	differences					1134:1144	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences	1081:1144	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions	1081:1173	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	12	17	dep	1 	1430:1431	arg1	1 					1440:1441	1 	1440:1441	1 	1440:1441	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	12	17	dep	1 	1430:1431	arg1	dilutions					1446:1454	 3 dilutions	1443:1454	the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions	1426:1454	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	12	17	dep	1 	1430:1431	arg1	 2					1433:1434	 2	1433:1434	 2	1433:1434	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	12	18	theme	management	1531:1540	arg1	context					1508:1514	the context	1504:1514	the context of nutritional management	1504:1540	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	4	19	theme	mid-infrared	419:430	arg1	spectroscopy					432:443	mid-infrared spectroscopy	419:443	mid-infrared spectroscopy	419:443	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	5	20	dep	done	605:608	arg1	 5					632:633	 5	632:633	 5	632:633	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	5	20	dep	done	605:608	arg1	 2					618:619	 2	618:619	 2	618:619	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	5	20	dep	done	605:608	arg1	1 					639:640	1 	639:640	1 	639:640	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	5	20	dep	done	605:608	arg1	dilutions					646:654	 10 dilutions	642:654	 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water	642:690	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	6	21	theme	certified	727:735	arg1	lab					737:739	a certified lab	725:739	a certified lab for external validation	725:763	Additional samples were sent to a certified lab for external validation.
28282820	9	22	theme	validation	1050:1059	arg1	studies					1061:1067	External validation studies	1041:1067	External validation studies	1041:1067	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	2	23	theme	De-identified	278:290	arg1	samples					292:298	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples	265:298	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples of frozen HM	265:311	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples of frozen HM were obtained.
28282820	10	24	from	HM	1325:1326	arg1	values					1303:1308	values	1303:1308	values from undiluted HM	1303:1326	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	10	24	from	HM	1325:1326	arg1	%					1298:1298	5%	1297:1298	5% of values from undiluted HM	1297:1326	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	5	25	theme	sample	664:669	arg1	dilutions					646:654	 10 dilutions	642:654	 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water	642:690	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	1	26	theme	mid-infrared	238:249	arg1	spectroscopy					251:262	mid-infrared spectroscopy	238:262	mid-infrared spectroscopy	238:262	OBJECTIVE To determine the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	10	27	theme	HM	1236:1237	arg1	samples					1239:1245	HM samples	1236:1245	HM samples diluted 1 	1236:1256	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	0	28	theme	water	9:13	arg1	Accuracy					16:23	water: Accuracy	9:23	water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy	9:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	6	29	theme	Additional	693:702	arg1	samples					704:710	Additional samples	693:710	Additional samples	693:710	Additional samples were sent to a certified lab for external validation.
28282820	2	30	theme	STUDY	265:269	arg1	DESIGN					271:276	STUDY DESIGN	265:276	STUDY DESIGN	265:276	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples of frozen HM were obtained.
28282820	10	31	used	used	1226:1229	arg2	Analyzer					1210:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	4	32	theme	native	392:397	arg1	HM					400:401	Undiluted (native) HM	381:401	Undiluted (native) HM	381:401	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	10	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1176:1186	arg1	used					1226:1229	used	1226:1229	can be used with HM samples diluted 1 	1219:1256	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	10	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1176:1186	arg1	results					1282:1288	results	1282:1288	results within 5% of values from undiluted HM	1282:1326	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	10	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1176:1186	arg1	1 					1265:1266	1 	1265:1266	1 	1265:1266	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	10	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1176:1186	arg1	 2					1258:1259	 2	1258:1259	 2	1258:1259	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	1	34	theme	reliable	175:182	arg1	results					184:190	reliable results	175:190	reliable results for protein, fat and lactose	175:219	OBJECTIVE To determine the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	5	35	theme	distilled	676:684	arg1	water					686:690	distilled water	676:690	distilled water	676:690	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	11	36	theme	1 	1334:1335	arg1	 5					1337:1338	a 1 : 5	1332:1338	a 1 : 5	1332:1338	At a 1 : 5 or 1 : 10 dilution, however, results vary as much as 10%, especially with P and F.
28282820	8	37	theme	unreliable	1029:1038	arg1	dilutions					1019:1027	those dilutions	1013:1027	those dilutions unreliable	1013:1038	Differences at higher dilutions were statistically significant and deviated from native values enough to render those dilutions unreliable.
28282820	7	38	theme	non-critical	846:857	arg1	differences					859:869	statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences	805:869	statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 	805:875	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	7	39	from	differences	859:869	arg1	1 					874:875	1 	874:875	1 	874:875	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	4	40	theme	total	476:480	arg1	carbohydrate					504:515	carbohydrate	504:515	carbohydrate (C)	504:519	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	4	40	theme	total	476:480	arg1	P					491:491	P	491:491	P	491:491	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	4	40	theme	total	476:480	arg1	fat					495:497	fat	495:497	fat (F)	495:501	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	4	40	theme	total	476:480	arg1	protein					482:488	total protein	476:488	total protein (P)	476:492	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	5	41	dep	 2	618:619	arg1	 3					625:626	 3	625:626	 3	625:626	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	9	42	theme	significant	1095:1105	arg1	differences					1134:1144	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences	1081:1144	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions	1081:1173	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	12	43	theme	nutritional	1519:1529	arg1	management					1531:1540	nutritional management	1519:1540	nutritional management	1519:1540	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	13	44	dep	accuracy	1556:1563	arg1	the					1552:1554	the	1552:1554	the	1552:1554	However, the accuracy and reliability of the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions are questionable.
28282820	12	45	from	context	1508:1514	arg1	insignificant					1487:1499	insignificant	1487:1499	insignificant	1487:1499	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	0	46	theme	analysis	28:35	arg1	Accuracy					16:23	water: Accuracy	9:23	water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy	9:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	8	47	theme	higher	916:921	arg1	dilutions					923:931	higher dilutions	916:931	higher dilutions	916:931	Differences at higher dilutions were statistically significant and deviated from native values enough to render those dilutions unreliable.
28282820	2	48	theme	HM	310:311	arg1	samples					292:298	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples	265:298	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples of frozen HM	265:311	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples of frozen HM were obtained.
28282820	13	49	theme	1 	1588:1589	arg1	reliability					1569:1579	reliability	1569:1579	reliability	1569:1579	However, the accuracy and reliability of the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions are questionable.
28282820	13	49	theme	1 	1588:1589	arg1	accuracy					1556:1563	accuracy	1556:1563	accuracy	1556:1563	However, the accuracy and reliability of the 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions are questionable.
28282820	6	50	theme	external	745:752	arg1	validation					754:763	external validation	745:763	external validation	745:763	Additional samples were sent to a certified lab for external validation.
28282820	10	51	theme	values	1303:1308	arg1	values					1303:1308	values	1303:1308	values from undiluted HM	1303:1326	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	10	51	theme	values	1303:1308	arg1	%					1298:1298	5%	1297:1298	5% of values from undiluted HM	1297:1326	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	2	52	theme	frozen	303:308	arg1	HM					310:311	frozen HM	303:311	frozen HM	303:311	STUDY DESIGN De-identified samples of frozen HM were obtained.
28282820	5	53	theme	Subsequent	580:589	arg1	analyses					591:598	Subsequent analyses	580:598	Subsequent analyses	580:598	Subsequent analyses were done with 1 : 2, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 dilutions of each sample with distilled water.
28282820	9	54	theme	unimportant	1122:1132	arg1	differences					1134:1144	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences	1081:1144	statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions	1081:1173	External validation studies also showed statistically significant but clinically unimportant differences at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	12	55	from	insignificant	1487:1499	arg1	context					1508:1514	the context	1504:1514	the context of nutritional management	1504:1540	At the 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions these differences appear to be insignificant in the context of nutritional management.
28282820	0	56	theme	human	48:52	arg1	samples					59:65	diluted human milk samples	40:65	diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy	40:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	4	57	theme	Undiluted	381:389	arg1	HM					400:401	Undiluted (native) HM	381:401	Undiluted (native) HM	381:401	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	7	58	theme	significant	819:829	arg1	differences					859:869	statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences	805:869	statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 	805:875	RESULTS Quantitatively, F and P showed statistically significant but clinically non-critical differences in 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 dilutions.
28282820	1	59	theme	maximum	127:133	arg1	dilution					135:142	the maximum dilution	123:142	the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy	123:262	OBJECTIVE To determine the maximum dilution of human milk (HM) that yields reliable results for protein, fat and lactose when analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	10	60	from	%	1298:1298	arg1	HM					1325:1326	undiluted HM	1315:1326	undiluted HM	1315:1326	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	0	61	theme	diluted	40:46	arg1	samples					59:65	diluted human milk samples	40:65	diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy	40:97	Just add water: Accuracy of analysis of diluted human milk samples using mid-infrared spectroscopy.
28282820	4	62	theme	macronutrient	449:461	arg1	composition					463:473	macronutrient composition	449:473	macronutrient composition	449:473	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28282820	10	63	theme	Human	1199:1203	arg1	Analyzer					1210:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	The Calais Human Milk Analyzer	1188:1217	CONCLUSIONS The Calais Human Milk Analyzer can be used with HM samples diluted 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 and return results within 5% of values from undiluted HM.
28282820	4	64	theme	macronutrient	557:569	arg1	results					571:577	the macronutrient results	553:577	the macronutrient results	553:577	Undiluted (native) HM was analyzed by mid-infrared spectroscopy for macronutrient composition: total protein (P), fat (F), carbohydrate (C); Energy (E) was calculated from the macronutrient results.
28071030	7	0	dep	58	1221:1222	arg1	to					1218:1219	to	1218:1219	to	1218:1219	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	2	1	theme	high	288:291	arg1	problem					264:270	one problem	260:270	one problem in pâtés	260:279	Unfortunately, one problem in pâtés is the high level of animal fat, about 30%.
28071030	2	1	theme	high	288:291	arg1	level					293:297	the high level	284:297	the high level of animal fat	284:311	Unfortunately, one problem in pâtés is the high level of animal fat, about 30%.
28071030	1	2	theme	vitamin	205:211	arg1	A					213:213	vitamin A	205:213	vitamin A	205:213	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	2	theme	vitamin	205:211	arg1	source					185:190	an important source	172:190	an important source of proteins	172:202	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	0	3	theme	physicochemical	50:64	arg1	quality					78:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality	46:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl	46:99	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	0	4	from	effect	4:9	arg1	quality					78:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality	46:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl	46:99	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	5	5	theme	physicochemical	709:723	arg1	composition					725:735	the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition	685:735	the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition	685:735	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	6	6	theme	texture	1038:1044	arg1	analysis					1054:1061	texture profile analysis	1038:1061	texture profile analysis	1038:1061	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	7	theme	cooking	901:907	arg1	loss					909:912	cooking loss	901:912	place: chemical analysis: cooking loss	875:912	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	8	theme	profile	1046:1052	arg1	analysis					1054:1061	texture profile analysis	1038:1061	texture profile analysis	1038:1061	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	2	9	from	problem	264:270	arg1	pâtés					275:279	pâtés	275:279	pâtés	275:279	Unfortunately, one problem in pâtés is the high level of animal fat, about 30%.
28071030	4	10	dep	pork	571:574	arg1	%					616:616	about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%	594:616	about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%	594:616	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	10	dep	pork	571:574	arg1	content					585:591	fat content	581:591	fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%)	581:617	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	11	theme	guinea	538:543	arg1	fowl					545:548	guinea fowl	538:548	guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute	538:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	12	theme	present	483:489	arg1	study					491:495	the present study	479:495	the present study	479:495	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	0	13	theme	sensory	70:76	arg1	quality					78:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality	46:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl	46:99	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	5	14	theme	sensory	785:791	arg1	properties					793:802	sensory properties	785:802	sensory properties	785:802	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	source					185:190	an important source	172:190	an important source of proteins	172:202	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	food					159:162	a functional food	146:162	a functional food	146:162	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	pâtés					131:135	pâtés	131:135	pâtés	131:135	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	vitamins					226:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	iron					239:242	iron	239:242	iron	239:242	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	A					213:213	vitamin A	205:213	vitamin A	205:213	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	9	16	used	used	1493:1496	arg2	inulin					1479:1484	inulin	1479:1484	inulin	1479:1484	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	1	17	theme	B	216:216	arg1	source					185:190	an important source	172:190	an important source of proteins	172:202	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	17	theme	B	216:216	arg1	vitamins					226:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	0	18	theme	guinea	89:94	arg1	fowl					96:99	guinea fowl	89:99	guinea fowl	89:99	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	9	19	theme	potential	1549:1557	arg1	source					1559:1564	a potential source	1547:1564	a potential source of prebiotic	1547:1577	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	1	20	theme	functional	148:157	arg1	food					159:162	a functional food	146:162	a functional food	146:162	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	20	theme	functional	148:157	arg1	pâtés					131:135	pâtés	131:135	pâtés	131:135	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	3	21	theme	guinea	343:348	arg1	fowl					350:353	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat	335:373	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin	335:394	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	21	theme	guinea	343:348	arg1	meat					355:358	meat	355:358	meat	355:358	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	21	theme	guinea	343:348	arg1	fat					371:373	animal fat	364:373	animal fat	364:373	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	8	22	theme	fat	1244:1246	arg1	reduction					1248:1256	The fat reduction and addition	1240:1269	reduction	1248:1256	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
28071030	4	23	theme	substitute	658:667	arg1	pork					571:574	its pork	567:574	its pork	567:574	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	23	theme	substitute	658:667	arg1	inulin					634:639	the adding inulin	623:639	the adding inulin	623:639	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	23	theme	substitute	658:667	arg1	fat					654:656	a partial fat	644:656	a partial fat substitute	644:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	3	24	with	Pâté	325:328	arg1	fowl					350:353	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat	335:373	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin	335:394	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	24	with	Pâté	325:328	arg1	meat					355:358	meat	355:358	meat	355:358	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	24	with	Pâté	325:328	arg1	fat					371:373	animal fat	364:373	animal fat	364:373	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	6	25	theme	chemical	882:889	arg1	analysis					891:898	chemical analysis	882:898	place: chemical analysis: cooking loss	875:912	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	7	26	dep	reduced	1179:1185	arg1	%					1196:1196	up to 82%	1188:1196	up to 82%	1188:1196	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	6	27	theme	colour	1019:1024	arg1	parameters					1026:1035	colour parameters	1019:1035	colour parameters	1019:1035	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	7	28	dep	decreased	1204:1212	arg1	%					1223:1223	up to 58%	1215:1223	up to 58%	1215:1223	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	6	29	theme	total	945:949	arg1	calories					951:958	total calories	945:958	total calories	945:958	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	29	theme	total	945:949	arg1	production					844:853	production	844:853	production	844:853	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	9	30	theme	prebiotic	1569:1577	arg1	replacer					1534:1541	a total fat replacer	1522:1541	a total fat replacer	1522:1541	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	9	30	theme	prebiotic	1569:1577	arg1	source					1559:1564	a potential source	1547:1564	a potential source of prebiotic	1547:1577	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	2	31	theme	fat	309:311	arg1	problem					264:270	one problem	260:270	one problem in pâtés	260:279	Unfortunately, one problem in pâtés is the high level of animal fat, about 30%.
28071030	2	31	theme	fat	309:311	arg1	level					293:297	the high level	284:297	the high level of animal fat	284:311	Unfortunately, one problem in pâtés is the high level of animal fat, about 30%.
28071030	1	32	theme	complex	218:224	arg1	source					185:190	an important source	172:190	an important source of proteins	172:202	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	32	theme	complex	218:224	arg1	vitamins					226:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	6	33	from	METHODS	819:825	arg1	day					834:836	the day	830:836	the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation	830:983	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	34	dep	place	875:879	arg1	loss					909:912	cooking loss	901:912	place: chemical analysis: cooking loss	875:912	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	34	dep	place	875:879	arg1	analysis					891:898	chemical analysis	882:898	place: chemical analysis: cooking loss	875:912	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	2	35	theme	animal	302:307	arg1	fat					309:311	animal fat	302:311	animal fat	302:311	Unfortunately, one problem in pâtés is the high level of animal fat, about 30%.
28071030	0	36	theme	replacing	14:22	arg1	fat					29:31	replacing pork fat	14:31	replacing pork fat of inulin	14:41	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	4	37	theme	partial	646:652	arg1	pork					571:574	its pork	567:574	its pork	567:574	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	37	theme	partial	646:652	arg1	inulin					634:639	the adding inulin	623:639	the adding inulin	623:639	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	37	theme	partial	646:652	arg1	fat					654:656	a partial fat	644:656	a partial fat substitute	644:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	3	38	theme	pro-health	445:454	arg1	food					456:459	a pro-health food	443:459	a pro-health food	443:459	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	38	theme	pro-health	445:454	arg1	product					415:421	this product	410:421	this product	410:421	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	39	theme	animal	364:369	arg1	fowl					350:353	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat	335:373	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin	335:394	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	39	theme	animal	364:369	arg1	fat					371:373	animal fat	364:373	animal fat	364:373	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	0	40	theme	fowl	96:99	arg1	quality					78:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality	46:84	the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl	46:99	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	6	41	theme	total	934:938	arg1	fat					940:942	total fat	934:942	total fat	934:942	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	41	theme	total	934:938	arg1	production					844:853	production	844:853	production	844:853	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	4	42	from	effect	518:523	arg1	pâté					528:531	pâté	528:531	pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute	528:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	0	43	theme	fat	29:31	arg1	effect					4:9	The effect	0:9	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl	0:99	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	4	44	theme	meat	550:553	arg1	fowl					545:548	guinea fowl	538:548	guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute	538:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	3	45	theme	low-fat	335:341	arg1	fowl					350:353	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat	335:373	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin	335:394	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	45	theme	low-fat	335:341	arg1	meat					355:358	meat	355:358	meat	355:358	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	45	theme	low-fat	335:341	arg1	fat					371:373	animal fat	364:373	animal fat	364:373	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	0	46	theme	pork	24:27	arg1	fat					29:31	replacing pork fat	14:31	replacing pork fat of inulin	14:41	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	8	47	theme	gels	1281:1284	arg1	addition					1262:1269	The fat reduction and addition	1240:1269	addition	1262:1269	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
28071030	8	47	theme	gels	1281:1284	arg1	reduction					1248:1256	The fat reduction and addition	1240:1269	reduction	1248:1256	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
28071030	6	48	theme	physical	1000:1007	arg1	analysis					1009:1016	physical analysis	1000:1016	physical analysis	1000:1016	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	7	49	theme	fat	1147:1149	arg1	replacers					1151:1159	fat replacers	1147:1159	fat replacers	1147:1159	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	1	50	theme	important	175:183	arg1	A					213:213	vitamin A	205:213	vitamin A	205:213	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	50	theme	important	175:183	arg1	source					185:190	an important source	172:190	an important source of proteins	172:202	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	50	theme	important	175:183	arg1	iron					239:242	iron	239:242	iron	239:242	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	50	theme	important	175:183	arg1	vitamins					226:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	0	51	theme	inulin	36:41	arg1	fat					29:31	replacing pork fat	14:31	replacing pork fat of inulin	14:41	The effect of replacing pork fat of inulin on the physicochemical and sensory quality of guinea fowl pate.
28071030	8	52	theme	inulin	1274:1279	arg1	gels					1281:1284	inulin gels	1274:1284	inulin gels	1274:1284	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
28071030	5	53	from	effects	674:680	arg1	composition					725:735	the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition	685:735	the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition	685:735	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	5	53	from	effects	674:680	arg1	characteristics					765:779	its textural characteristics	752:779	its textural characteristics	752:779	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	5	53	from	effects	674:680	arg1	properties					793:802	sensory properties	785:802	sensory properties	785:802	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	4	54	theme	fat	581:583	arg1	%					616:616	about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%	594:616	about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%	594:616	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	54	theme	fat	581:583	arg1	content					585:591	fat content	581:591	fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%)	581:617	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	55	with	pâté	528:531	arg1	fowl					545:548	guinea fowl	538:548	guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute	538:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	3	56	dep	fowl	350:353	arg1	fowl					350:353	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat	335:373	low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin	335:394	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	56	dep	fowl	350:353	arg1	meat					355:358	meat	355:358	meat	355:358	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	3	56	dep	fowl	350:353	arg1	fat					371:373	animal fat	364:373	animal fat	364:373	Pâté with low-fat guinea fowl meat and animal fat replaced with inulin can result in this product being classified as a pro-health food.
28071030	9	57	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1439:1449	arg1	demonstrated					1461:1472	demonstrated	1461:1472	demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic	1461:1577	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	7	58	theme	energy	1226:1231	arg1	value					1233:1237	energy value	1226:1237	energy value	1226:1237	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	7	59	theme	inulin	1132:1137	arg1	gels					1139:1142	inulin gels	1132:1142	inulin gels	1132:1142	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	7	60	dep	RESULTS	1101:1107	arg1	pâté					1113:1116	The pâté	1109:1116	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers	1101:1159	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	5	61	theme	textural	756:763	arg1	characteristics					765:779	its textural characteristics	752:779	its textural characteristics	752:779	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	7	62	theme	fat	1167:1169	arg1	content					1171:1177	a fat content	1165:1177	a fat content	1165:1177	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	6	63	theme	sensory	1067:1073	arg1	evaluation					1075:1084	sensory evaluation	1067:1084	sensory evaluation	1067:1084	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	7	64	dep	82	1194:1195	arg1	to					1191:1192	to	1191:1192	to	1191:1192	RESULTS The pâté prepared with inulin gels as fat replacers had a fat content reduced (up to 82%), and decreased (up to 58%) energy value.
28071030	8	65	theme	overall	1375:1381	arg1	quality					1383:1389	overall quality	1375:1389	overall quality	1375:1389	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
28071030	4	66	theme	study	491:495	arg1	objective					466:474	The objective	462:474	The objective of the present study	462:495	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	6	67	theme	lipid	969:973	arg1	oxidation					975:983	lipid oxidation	969:983	lipid oxidation	969:983	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	6	67	theme	lipid	969:973	arg1	production					844:853	production	844:853	production	844:853	METHODS On the day after production, the following took place: chemical analysis: cooking loss, moisture, protein, total fat, total calories, the pH, lipid oxidation were analysed; physical analysis: colour parameters, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation were analysed.
28071030	9	68	theme	fat	1530:1532	arg1	replacer					1534:1541	a total fat replacer	1522:1541	a total fat replacer	1522:1541	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	5	69	theme	chemical	696:703	arg1	composition					725:735	the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition	685:735	the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition	685:735	The effects on the pâté's chemical and physicochemical composition, as well as on its textural characteristics and sensory properties were analysed.
28071030	9	70	theme	total	1524:1528	arg1	replacer					1534:1541	a total fat replacer	1522:1541	a total fat replacer	1522:1541	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	1	71	theme	proteins	195:202	arg1	source					185:190	an important source	172:190	an important source of proteins	172:202	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	71	theme	proteins	195:202	arg1	food					159:162	a functional food	146:162	a functional food	146:162	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	71	theme	proteins	195:202	arg1	pâtés					131:135	pâtés	131:135	pâtés	131:135	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	71	theme	proteins	195:202	arg1	vitamins					226:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	B complex vitamins	216:233	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	71	theme	proteins	195:202	arg1	iron					239:242	iron	239:242	iron	239:242	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	1	71	theme	proteins	195:202	arg1	A					213:213	vitamin A	205:213	vitamin A	205:213	BACKGROUND Potentially, pâtés could be a functional food and are an important source of proteins, vitamin A, B complex vitamins and iron.
28071030	9	72	theme	guinea	1501:1506	arg1	fowl					1508:1511	guinea fowl	1501:1511	guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic	1501:1577	CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that inulin can be used in guinea fowl pâtés as a total fat replacer and a potential source of prebiotic.
28071030	4	73	theme	adding	627:632	arg1	inulin					634:639	the adding inulin	623:639	the adding inulin	623:639	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	73	theme	adding	627:632	arg1	pork					571:574	its pork	567:574	its pork	567:574	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	4	73	theme	adding	627:632	arg1	fat					654:656	a partial fat	644:656	a partial fat substitute	644:667	The objective of the present study was to determine the effect on pâté with guinea fowl meat of reducing its pork back fat content (about 1/3, 2/3 and 100%) and the adding inulin as a partial fat substitute.
28071030	8	74	theme	full-fat	1420:1427	arg1	control					1411:1417	the control	1407:1417	the control (full-fat samples)	1407:1436	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
28071030	8	74	theme	full-fat	1420:1427	arg1	samples					1429:1435	full-fat samples	1420:1435	full-fat samples	1420:1435	The fat reduction and addition of inulin gels decreased hardness and chewiness, but the pâté's appearance, taste and odour, as well as overall quality were similar to the control (full-fat samples).
26123677	7	0	theme	HEK	1102:1104	arg1	lines					1115:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	6	1	theme	properties	982:991	arg1	range					960:964	a wide range	953:964	a wide range of bulk elastic properties	953:991	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	6	2	theme	cross-linking	910:922	arg1	degree					924:929	the cross-linking degree	906:929	the cross-linking degree	906:929	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	2	3	theme	high	363:366	arg1	porosity					368:375	high porosity	363:375	high porosity	363:375	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	7	4	theme	3T3	1094:1096	arg1	lines					1115:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	2	5	theme	zero-length	289:299	arg1	cross-linking					301:313	EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking	281:313	EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking	281:313	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	3	6	theme	physical	414:421	arg1	properties					423:432	The physical properties	410:432	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties	410:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	6	theme	physical	414:421	arg1	function					551:558	a function	549:558	a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution	549:627	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	7	theme	cryogelation	563:574	arg1	conditions					576:585	cryogelation conditions	563:585	cryogelation conditions	563:585	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	7	8	theme	cell	1227:1230	arg1	interactions					1232:1243	cell interactions	1227:1243	cell interactions	1227:1243	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	2	9	theme	EDC/NHS	281:287	arg1	cross-linking					301:313	EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking	281:313	EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking	281:313	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	6	10	theme	elastic	974:980	arg1	properties					982:991	bulk elastic properties	969:991	bulk elastic properties	969:991	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	4	11	theme	~90	717:719	arg1	%					720:720	~90%	717:720	~90%	717:720	The HA cryogels swell extensively in water, with the average porosities observed being ~90% under all conditions explored.
26123677	4	11	theme	~90	717:719	arg1	porosities					691:700	the average porosities	679:700	the average porosities observed	679:709	The HA cryogels swell extensively in water, with the average porosities observed being ~90% under all conditions explored.
26123677	7	12	with	experiments	1072:1082	arg1	lines					1115:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	3	13	theme	HA	441:442	arg1	elasticity					492:501	elasticity	492:501	elasticity	492:501	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	13	theme	HA	441:442	arg1	porosity					463:470	porosity	463:470	porosity	463:470	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	13	theme	HA	441:442	arg1	cryogels					444:451	the HA cryogels	437:451	the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties	437:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	13	theme	HA	441:442	arg1	properties					516:525	swelling properties	507:525	swelling properties	507:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	13	theme	HA	441:442	arg1	size					486:489	average pore size	473:489	average pore size	473:489	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	7	14	theme	cell	1110:1113	arg1	lines					1115:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines	1090:1119	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	7	15	theme	NIH	1090:1092	arg1	3T3					1094:1096	NIH 3T3	1090:1096	NIH 3T3	1090:1096	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	1	16	theme	hyaluronic	173:182	arg1	acid					184:187	hyaluronic acid	173:187	cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels	136:202	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
26123677	1	16	theme	hyaluronic	173:182	arg1	HA					190:191	HA	190:191	HA	190:191	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
26123677	7	17	theme	modified	1149:1156	arg1	gels					1173:1176	biochemically modified and unmodified gels	1135:1176	biochemically modified and unmodified gels	1135:1176	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	3	18	theme	composition	591:601	arg1	properties					423:432	The physical properties	410:432	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties	410:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	18	theme	composition	591:601	arg1	function					551:558	a function	549:558	a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution	549:627	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	1	19	theme	acid	184:187	arg1	hydrogels					194:202	cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels	136:202	cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels	136:202	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
26123677	6	20	theme	bulk	969:972	arg1	properties					982:991	bulk elastic properties	969:991	bulk elastic properties	969:991	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	2	21	theme	sub-zero	318:325	arg1	temperatures					327:338	sub-zero temperatures	318:338	sub-zero temperatures	318:338	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	2	22	theme	pore	386:389	arg1	interconnectivity					391:407	high pore interconnectivity	381:407	high pore interconnectivity	381:407	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	5	23	theme	average	830:836	arg1	size					843:846	an average pore size	827:846	an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm	827:879	The morphology of the cryogels can be controlled, allowing scaffolds with an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm to be formed.
26123677	7	24	theme	cell	1059:1062	arg1	experiments					1072:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments	1047:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments	1047:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	5	25	dep	87 ± 5 μm	871:879	arg1	to					868:869	to	868:869	to	868:869	The morphology of the cryogels can be controlled, allowing scaffolds with an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm to be formed.
26123677	1	26	theme	facile	101:106	arg1	method					108:113	A facile method	99:113	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation	99:219	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
26123677	3	27	theme	pore	481:484	arg1	size					486:489	average pore size	473:489	average pore size	473:489	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	5	28	theme	pore	838:841	arg1	size					843:846	an average pore size	827:846	an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm	827:879	The morphology of the cryogels can be controlled, allowing scaffolds with an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm to be formed.
26123677	7	29	theme	culture	1064:1070	arg1	experiments					1072:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments	1047:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments	1047:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	1	30	dep	supportive	141:150	arg1	macro-porous					160:171	macro-porous	160:171	macro-porous	160:171	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
26123677	6	31	theme	above	1033:1037	arg1	10 kPa					1039:1044	above 10 kPa	1033:1044	above 10 kPa	1033:1044	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	0	32	theme	modifiable	36:45	arg1	acid					76:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	Formation and characterisation of a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid cryogel platform.
26123677	6	33	theme	wide	955:958	arg1	range					960:964	a wide range	953:964	a wide range of bulk elastic properties	953:991	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	7	34	dep	cell	1204:1207	arg1	proliferation					1209:1221	proliferation	1209:1221	proliferation	1209:1221	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	3	35	theme	solution	620:627	arg1	composition					591:601	composition	591:601	composition	591:601	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	35	theme	solution	620:627	arg1	conditions					576:585	cryogelation conditions	563:585	cryogelation conditions	563:585	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	36	theme	cryogels	444:451	arg1	properties					423:432	The physical properties	410:432	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties	410:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	36	theme	cryogels	444:451	arg1	function					551:558	a function	549:558	a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution	549:627	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	1	37	theme	hydrogels	194:202	arg1	synthesis					123:131	the synthesis	119:131	the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation	119:219	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
26123677	7	38	theme	Preliminary	1047:1057	arg1	experiments					1072:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments	1047:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments	1047:1082	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	3	39	theme	average	473:479	arg1	size					486:489	average pore size	473:489	average pore size	473:489	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	0	40	theme	macro-porous	52:63	arg1	acid					76:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	Formation and characterisation of a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid cryogel platform.
26123677	2	41	with	cryogels	349:356	arg1	porosity					368:375	high porosity	363:375	high porosity	363:375	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	2	41	with	cryogels	349:356	arg1	interconnectivity					391:407	high pore interconnectivity	381:407	high pore interconnectivity	381:407	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	7	42	theme	biomedical	1263:1272	arg1	potential					1274:1282	the biomedical potential	1259:1282	the biomedical potential of the platform	1259:1298	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	0	43	theme	soft	47:50	arg1	acid					76:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	Formation and characterisation of a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid cryogel platform.
26123677	2	44	attach	cross-linked	264:275	arg3	temperatures					327:338	sub-zero temperatures	318:338	sub-zero temperatures	318:338	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	2	44	attach	cross-linked	264:275	arg3	cross-linking					301:313	EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking	281:313	EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking	281:313	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	3	45	theme	precursor	610:618	arg1	solution					620:627	the precursor solution	606:627	the precursor solution	606:627	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	46	theme	swelling	507:514	arg1	properties					516:525	swelling properties	507:525	swelling properties	507:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	5	47	with	scaffolds	812:820	arg1	size					843:846	an average pore size	827:846	an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm	827:879	The morphology of the cryogels can be controlled, allowing scaffolds with an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm to be formed.
26123677	6	48	theme	HA	935:936	arg1	concentration					938:950	HA concentration	935:950	HA concentration	935:950	By varying the cross-linking degree and HA concentration, a wide range of bulk elastic properties can be achieved, ranging from ~1 kPa to above 10 kPa.
26123677	7	49	dep	show	1178:1181	arg1	support					1196:1202	support	1196:1202	support cell proliferation and cell interactions	1196:1243	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	4	50	theme	average	683:689	arg1	%					720:720	~90%	717:720	~90%	717:720	The HA cryogels swell extensively in water, with the average porosities observed being ~90% under all conditions explored.
26123677	4	50	theme	average	683:689	arg1	porosities					691:700	the average porosities	679:700	the average porosities observed	679:709	The HA cryogels swell extensively in water, with the average porosities observed being ~90% under all conditions explored.
26123677	5	51	theme	cryogels	775:782	arg1	morphology					757:766	The morphology	753:766	The morphology of the cryogels	753:782	The morphology of the cryogels can be controlled, allowing scaffolds with an average pore size ranging from 18 ± 2 to 87 ± 5 μm to be formed.
26123677	3	52	theme	conditions	576:585	arg1	properties					423:432	The physical properties	410:432	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties	410:525	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	3	52	theme	conditions	576:585	arg1	function					551:558	a function	549:558	a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution	549:627	The physical properties of the HA cryogels including porosity, average pore size, elasticity and swelling properties were characterised as a function of cryogelation conditions and composition of the precursor solution.
26123677	4	53	theme	HA	634:635	arg1	cryogels					637:644	The HA cryogels	630:644	The HA cryogels	630:644	The HA cryogels swell extensively in water, with the average porosities observed being ~90% under all conditions explored.
26123677	0	54	theme	acid	76:79	arg1	characterisation					14:29	characterisation	14:29	characterisation	14:29	Formation and characterisation of a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid cryogel platform.
26123677	0	54	theme	acid	76:79	arg1	Formation					0:8	Formation	0:8	Formation	0:8	Formation and characterisation of a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid cryogel platform.
26123677	7	55	theme	platform	1291:1298	arg1	potential					1274:1282	the biomedical potential	1259:1282	the biomedical potential of the platform	1259:1298	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	2	56	theme	high	381:384	arg1	interconnectivity					391:407	high pore interconnectivity	381:407	high pore interconnectivity	381:407	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	0	57	theme	hyaluronic	65:74	arg1	acid					76:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid	34:79	Formation and characterisation of a modifiable soft macro-porous hyaluronic acid cryogel platform.
26123677	7	58	theme	unmodified	1162:1171	arg1	gels					1173:1176	biochemically modified and unmodified gels	1135:1176	biochemically modified and unmodified gels	1135:1176	Preliminary cell culture experiments, with NIH 3T3 and HEK 293 cell lines, performed on biochemically modified and unmodified gels show the cryogels support cell proliferation and cell interactions, illustrating the biomedical potential of the platform.
26123677	2	59	theme	Unmodified	235:244	arg1	HA					246:247	Unmodified HA	235:247	Unmodified HA	235:247	Unmodified HA was chemically cross-linked via EDC/NHS zero-length cross-linking at sub-zero temperatures to yield cryogels with high porosity and high pore interconnectivity.
26123677	1	60	theme	supportive	141:150	arg1	hydrogels					194:202	cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels	136:202	cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels	136:202	A facile method for the synthesis of cell supportive, highly macro-porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels via cryogelation is presented.
27152631	0	0	theme	hydrogels	82:90	arg1	behaviors					50:58	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors	0:58	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels	0:90	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	3	1	theme	hydrogels	744:752	arg1	thermo-					699:705	thermo-	699:705	thermo-	699:705	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	3	1	theme	hydrogels	744:752	arg1	pH-sensitivities					711:726	pH-sensitivities	711:726	pH-sensitivities	711:726	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	5	2	theme	release	1163:1169	arg1	carriers					1171:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	1	3	theme	thermo-	179:185	arg1	hydrogels					204:212	thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels	179:212	thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties	179:263	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	7	4	theme	Fickian	1565:1571	arg1	diffusion					1573:1581	Fickian diffusion	1565:1581	Fickian diffusion	1565:1581	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	4	5	theme	hydrogels	959:967	arg1	size					947:950	the pore size	938:950	the pore size of the hydrogels	938:967	The interior morphology observed by SEM exhibited that the pore size of the hydrogels could be tailored by pH of the local medium.
27152631	2	6	theme	different	633:641	arg1	temperatures					643:654	different temperatures	633:654	different temperatures	633:654	The stimulus-responsiveness of the resultant hydrogels has been carried out by measuring the swelling ratio at different temperatures and pH values.
27152631	7	7	from	hydrogels	1481:1489	arg1	MV					1451:1452	MV	1451:1452	MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1451:1489	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	7	7	from	hydrogels	1481:1489	arg1	kinetics					1439:1446	the release kinetics	1427:1446	the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1427:1489	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	3	8	dep	thermo-	699:705	arg1	the					695:697	the	695:697	the	695:697	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	2	9	theme	hydrogels	567:575	arg1	stimulus-responsiveness					526:548	The stimulus-responsiveness	522:548	The stimulus-responsiveness of the resultant hydrogels	522:575	The stimulus-responsiveness of the resultant hydrogels has been carried out by measuring the swelling ratio at different temperatures and pH values.
27152631	5	10	theme	potential	1137:1145	arg1	carriers					1171:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	3	11	theme	reversible	863:872	arg1	process					874:880	good reversible process	858:880	good reversible process	858:880	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	2	12	theme	resultant	557:565	arg1	hydrogels					567:575	the resultant hydrogels	553:575	the resultant hydrogels	553:575	The stimulus-responsiveness of the resultant hydrogels has been carried out by measuring the swelling ratio at different temperatures and pH values.
27152631	7	13	theme	MV	1451:1452	arg1	kinetics					1439:1446	the release kinetics	1427:1446	the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1427:1489	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	1	14	theme	aqueous	459:465	arg1	solution					467:474	aqueous solution	459:474	aqueous solution	459:474	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	7	15	theme	release	1431:1437	arg1	kinetics					1439:1446	the release kinetics	1427:1446	the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1427:1489	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	0	16	theme	β-cyclodextrin	120:133	arg1	methacrylates					151:163	β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates	120:163	β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates	120:163	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	5	17	theme	release	1100:1106	arg1	profiles					1108:1115	MV loading and release profiles	1085:1115	profiles	1108:1115	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	1	18	theme	pH-sensitive	191:202	arg1	hydrogels					204:212	thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels	179:212	thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties	179:263	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	4	19	theme	interior	887:894	arg1	morphology					896:905	The interior morphology	883:905	The interior morphology observed by SEM	883:921	The interior morphology observed by SEM exhibited that the pore size of the hydrogels could be tailored by pH of the local medium.
27152631	7	20	theme	CD-functionalized	1357:1373	arg1	hydrogels					1375:1383	CD-functionalized hydrogels	1357:1383	CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0	1357:1393	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	3	21	theme	hydrogels	810:818	arg1	compositions					790:801	the compositions	786:801	the compositions of the hydrogels	786:818	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	7	22	from	kinetics	1439:1446	arg1	hydrogels					1481:1489	the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1459:1489	the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1459:1489	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	2	23	theme	pH	660:661	arg1	values					663:668	pH values	660:668	pH values	660:668	The stimulus-responsiveness of the resultant hydrogels has been carried out by measuring the swelling ratio at different temperatures and pH values.
27152631	1	24	theme	UV-initiated	480:491	arg1	radical					498:504	UV-initiated free radical	480:504	UV-initiated free radical polymerization	480:519	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	0	25	theme	Stimulus-responsiveness	0:22	arg1	behaviors					50:58	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors	0:58	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels	0:90	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	7	26	theme	sustained	1503:1511	arg1	profile					1521:1527	a sustained release profile	1501:1527	a sustained release profile	1501:1527	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	1	27	theme	free	493:496	arg1	radical					498:504	UV-initiated free radical	480:504	UV-initiated free radical polymerization	480:519	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	7	28	theme	release	1513:1519	arg1	profile					1521:1527	a sustained release profile	1501:1527	a sustained release profile	1501:1527	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	7	29	from	hydrogels	1375:1383	arg1	faster					1399:1404	faster	1399:1404	faster	1399:1404	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	7	29	from	hydrogels	1375:1383	arg1	release					1338:1344	The release	1334:1344	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0	1334:1393	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	0	30	theme	violet	35:40	arg1	release					42:48	methyl violet release	28:48	methyl violet release	28:48	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	6	31	theme	release	1203:1209	arg1	rate					1211:1214	The MV release rate	1196:1214	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels	1196:1247	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	6	31	theme	release	1203:1209	arg1	slower					1258:1263	slower	1258:1263	slower	1258:1263	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	0	32	theme	bearing	143:149	arg1	methacrylates					151:163	β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates	120:163	β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates	120:163	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	1	33	theme	radical	498:504	arg1	polymerization					506:519	UV-initiated free radical polymerization	480:519	UV-initiated free radical polymerization	480:519	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	1	34	theme	β-cyclodextrin	234:247	arg1	moieties					256:263	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties	234:263	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties	234:263	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	0	35	theme	methyl	28:33	arg1	release					42:48	methyl violet release	28:48	methyl violet release	28:48	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	5	36	theme	hydrogels	1124:1132	arg1	profiles					1108:1115	MV loading and release profiles	1085:1115	profiles	1108:1115	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	36	theme	hydrogels	1124:1132	arg1	loading					1088:1094	MV loading and release profiles	1085:1115	loading	1088:1094	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	0	37	theme	polymer	135:141	arg1	methacrylates					151:163	β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates	120:163	β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates	120:163	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	7	38	from	pH 2.0	1388:1393	arg1	hydrogels					1375:1383	CD-functionalized hydrogels	1357:1383	CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0	1357:1393	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	5	39	dep	dye	1045:1047	arg1	violet					1056:1061	methyl violet	1049:1061	a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV)	1020:1066	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	7	40	theme	release	1538:1544	arg1	mechanism					1546:1554	the release mechanism	1534:1554	the release mechanism	1534:1554	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	5	41	theme	methyl	1049:1054	arg1	violet					1056:1061	methyl violet	1049:1061	a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV)	1020:1066	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	1	42	theme	β-CD	250:253	arg1	moieties					256:263	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties	234:263	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties	234:263	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	0	43	theme	release	42:48	arg1	behaviors					50:58	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors	0:58	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels	0:90	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	1	44	theme	reactive	322:329	arg1	crosslinker					346:356	a reactive and functional crosslinker	320:356	a reactive and functional crosslinker	320:356	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	5	45	theme	MV	1085:1086	arg1	loading					1088:1094	MV loading and release profiles	1085:1115	loading	1088:1094	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	0	46	theme	poly	63:66	arg1	hydrogels					82:90	poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels	63:90	poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels	63:90	Stimulus-responsiveness and methyl violet release behaviors of poly(NIPAAm-co-AA) hydrogels chemically crosslinked with β-cyclodextrin polymer bearing methacrylates.
27152631	5	47	theme	drug	1147:1150	arg1	carriers					1171:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	2	48	theme	swelling	615:622	arg1	ratio					624:628	the swelling ratio	611:628	the swelling ratio	611:628	The stimulus-responsiveness of the resultant hydrogels has been carried out by measuring the swelling ratio at different temperatures and pH values.
27152631	6	49	from	pH 7.4	1326:1331	arg1	hydrogel					1284:1291	the hydrogel	1280:1291	the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4	1280:1331	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	7	50	theme	CD-functionalized	1463:1479	arg1	hydrogels					1481:1489	the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1459:1489	the CD-functionalized hydrogels	1459:1489	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	1	51	theme	functional	335:344	arg1	crosslinker					346:356	a reactive and functional crosslinker	320:356	a reactive and functional crosslinker	320:356	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	4	52	theme	pore	942:945	arg1	size					947:950	the pore size	938:950	the pore size of the hydrogels	938:967	The interior morphology observed by SEM exhibited that the pore size of the hydrogels could be tailored by pH of the local medium.
27152631	1	53	theme	acrylic	438:444	arg1	acid					446:449	acrylic acid	438:449	acrylic acid (AA)	438:454	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	1	53	theme	acrylic	438:444	arg1	AA					452:453	AA	452:453	AA	452:453	To fabricate thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogels functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties, β-CD polymer bearing methacrylate (CDP-g-GMA) used as a reactive and functional crosslinker was synthesized, and then copolymerized with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid (AA) in aqueous solution via UV-initiated free radical polymerization.
27152631	6	54	theme	CD-functionalized	1221:1237	arg1	hydrogels					1239:1247	CD-functionalized hydrogels	1221:1247	CD-functionalized hydrogels	1221:1247	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	6	55	from	hydrogels	1239:1247	arg1	rate					1211:1214	The MV release rate	1196:1214	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels	1196:1247	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	6	55	from	hydrogels	1239:1247	arg1	slower					1258:1263	slower	1258:1263	slower	1258:1263	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	6	56	from	pH 2.0	1315:1320	arg1	hydrogel					1284:1291	the hydrogel	1280:1291	the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4	1280:1331	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	7	57	theme	MV	1349:1350	arg1	faster					1399:1404	faster	1399:1404	faster	1399:1404	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	7	57	theme	MV	1349:1350	arg1	release					1338:1344	The release	1334:1344	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0	1334:1393	The release of MV from CD-functionalized hydrogels at pH 2.0 was faster than that at pH 7.4, the release kinetics of MV from the CD-functionalized hydrogels displayed a sustained release profile, and the release mechanism followed Fickian diffusion.
27152631	5	58	theme	water-soluble	1022:1034	arg1	dye					1045:1047	a water-soluble cationic dye	1020:1047	a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV)	1020:1066	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	58	theme	water-soluble	1022:1034	arg1	drug					1079:1082	a model drug	1071:1082	a model drug	1071:1082	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	58	theme	water-soluble	1022:1034	arg1	MV					1064:1065	MV	1064:1065	MV	1064:1065	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	3	59	theme	good	858:861	arg1	process					874:880	good reversible process	858:880	good reversible process	858:880	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	4	60	theme	medium	1006:1011	arg1	pH					990:991	pH	990:991	pH of the local medium	990:1011	The interior morphology observed by SEM exhibited that the pore size of the hydrogels could be tailored by pH of the local medium.
27152631	5	61	theme	model	1073:1077	arg1	dye					1045:1047	a water-soluble cationic dye	1020:1047	a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV)	1020:1066	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	61	theme	model	1073:1077	arg1	drug					1079:1082	a model drug	1071:1082	a model drug	1071:1082	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	62	theme	cationic	1036:1043	arg1	dye					1045:1047	a water-soluble cationic dye	1020:1047	a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV)	1020:1066	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	62	theme	cationic	1036:1043	arg1	drug					1079:1082	a model drug	1071:1082	a model drug	1071:1082	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	5	62	theme	cationic	1036:1043	arg1	MV					1064:1065	MV	1064:1065	MV	1064:1065	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
27152631	3	63	theme	dual	829:832	arg1	sensitivities					834:846	the dual sensitivities	825:846	the dual sensitivities	825:846	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	4	64	theme	local	1000:1004	arg1	medium					1006:1011	the local medium	996:1011	the local medium	996:1011	The interior morphology observed by SEM exhibited that the pore size of the hydrogels could be tailored by pH of the local medium.
27152631	3	65	theme	produced	735:742	arg1	hydrogels					744:752	the produced hydrogels	731:752	the produced hydrogels	731:752	The results showed that the thermo- and pH-sensitivities of the produced hydrogels were significantly dependent on the compositions of the hydrogels, and the dual sensitivities exhibited good reversible process.
27152631	6	66	theme	MV	1200:1201	arg1	rate					1211:1214	The MV release rate	1196:1214	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels	1196:1247	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	6	66	theme	MV	1200:1201	arg1	slower					1258:1263	slower	1258:1263	slower	1258:1263	The MV release rate from CD-functionalized hydrogels was much slower than that from the hydrogel without β-CDs at both pH 2.0 and pH 7.4.
27152631	5	67	theme	controlled	1152:1161	arg1	carriers					1171:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	potential drug controlled release carriers	1137:1178	Using a water-soluble cationic dye methyl violet (MV) as a model drug, MV loading and release profiles of the hydrogels as potential drug controlled release carriers were evaluated.
26279370	5	0	theme	discriminant	811:822	arg1	OPLS-DA					834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	5	0	theme	discriminant	811:822	arg1	analysis					824:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis	778:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	778:841	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	9	1	theme	discriminating	1335:1348	arg1	sinensis					1353:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	7	2	theme	O.	1100:1101	arg1	sinensis					1103:1110	wild O. sinensis	1095:1110	wild O. sinensis	1095:1110	The variation in metabolic profiling among artificial mycelia was greater than that among wild O. sinensis.
26279370	1	3	theme	Chinese	172:178	arg1	sinensis					135:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	1	3	theme	Chinese	172:178	arg1	medicine					180:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	2	4	from	locations	312:320	arg1	profiles					259:266	Metabolic profiles	249:266	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins	249:370	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	4	5	theme	component	597:605	arg1	analysis					607:614	The principle component analysis	583:614	The principle component analysis (PCA)	583:620	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	4	5	theme	component	597:605	arg1	PCA					617:619	PCA	617:619	PCA	617:619	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	8	6	theme	mannitol	1206:1213	arg1	levels					1196:1201	the levels	1192:1201	the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids	1192:1245	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
26279370	9	7	theme	O.	1350:1351	arg1	sinensis					1353:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	6	8	theme	mannitol	866:873	arg1	concentrations					848:861	The concentrations	844:861	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol	844:940	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	6	8	theme	mannitol	866:873	arg1	different					961:969	different	961:969	different	961:969	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	3	9	theme	metabolites	514:524	arg1	total					494:498	A total	492:498	A total of 56 primary metabolites	492:524	A total of 56 primary metabolites were identified and quantified from O. sinensis samples.
26279370	2	10	from	mycelia	337:343	arg1	profiles					259:266	Metabolic profiles	249:266	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins	249:370	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	4	11	theme	principle	587:595	arg1	analysis					607:614	The principle component analysis	583:614	The principle component analysis (PCA)	583:620	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	4	11	theme	principle	587:595	arg1	PCA					617:619	PCA	617:619	PCA	617:619	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	0	12	theme	NMR	103:105	arg1	spectroscopy					107:118	1H NMR spectroscopy	100:118	1H NMR spectroscopy	100:118	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	8	13	theme	acids	1241:1245	arg1	levels					1196:1201	the levels	1192:1201	the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids	1192:1245	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
26279370	2	14	theme	geographical	299:310	arg1	locations					312:320	three geographical locations	293:320	three geographical locations	293:320	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	7	15	theme	artificial	1048:1057	arg1	mycelia					1059:1065	artificial mycelia	1048:1065	artificial mycelia	1048:1065	The variation in metabolic profiling among artificial mycelia was greater than that among wild O. sinensis.
26279370	0	16	theme	1H	100:101	arg1	spectroscopy					107:118	1H NMR spectroscopy	100:118	1H NMR spectroscopy	100:118	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	10	17	theme	chemical	1508:1515	arg1	compositions					1517:1528	chemical compositions	1508:1528	chemical compositions	1508:1528	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	3	18	theme	O.	562:563	arg1	samples					574:580	O. sinensis samples	562:580	O. sinensis samples	562:580	A total of 56 primary metabolites were identified and quantified from O. sinensis samples.
26279370	9	19	theme	strains	1432:1438	arg1	mycelia					1411:1417	cultivated mycelia	1400:1417	cultivated mycelia	1400:1417	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	9	19	theme	strains	1432:1438	arg1	regions					1388:1394	different geographical regions	1365:1394	different geographical regions	1365:1394	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	9	20	dep	useful	1305:1310	arg1	1					1275:1275	1	1275:1275	1	1275:1275	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	5	21	theme	orthogonal	778:787	arg1	OPLS-DA					834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	5	21	theme	orthogonal	778:787	arg1	analysis					824:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis	778:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	778:841	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	9	22	theme	different	1365:1373	arg1	regions					1388:1394	different geographical regions	1365:1394	different geographical regions	1365:1394	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	8	23	theme	amino	1235:1239	arg1	acids					1241:1245	some amino acids	1230:1245	some amino acids	1230:1245	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
26279370	10	24	theme	present	1445:1451	arg1	study					1453:1457	The present study	1441:1457	The present study	1441:1457	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	9	25	theme	geographical	1375:1386	arg1	regions					1388:1394	different geographical regions	1365:1394	different geographical regions	1365:1394	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	2	26	theme	nuclear	401:407	arg1	resonance					418:426	nuclear magnetic resonance	401:426	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis	396:489	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	26	theme	nuclear	401:407	arg1	NMR					429:431	NMR	429:431	NMR	429:431	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	5	27	theme	partial	789:795	arg1	OPLS-DA					834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	5	27	theme	partial	789:795	arg1	analysis					824:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis	778:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	778:841	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	2	28	attach	derived	345:351	arg1	origins					364:370	three origins	358:370	three origins	358:370	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	28	attach	derived	345:351	arg2	locations					312:320	three geographical locations	293:320	three geographical locations	293:320	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	29	theme	sinensis	279:286	arg1	profiles					259:266	Metabolic profiles	249:266	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins	249:370	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	30	theme	H	399:399	arg1	analysis					434:441	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis	396:441	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis	396:489	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	4	31	theme	natural	661:667	arg1	sinensis					672:679	natural O. sinensis	661:679	natural O. sinensis	661:679	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	5	32	theme	least	797:801	arg1	OPLS-DA					834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	5	32	theme	least	797:801	arg1	analysis					824:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis	778:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	778:841	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	0	33	theme	Metabolic	0:8	arg1	characterization					10:25	Metabolic characterization	0:25	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured	0:49	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	10	34	theme	efficient	1471:1479	arg1	approach					1481:1488	an efficient approach	1468:1488	an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis	1468:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	8	35	theme	wild	1126:1129	arg1	samples					1131:1137	wild samples	1126:1137	wild samples from different origins	1126:1160	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
26279370	2	36	theme	cultivated	326:335	arg1	mycelia					337:343	cultivated mycelia	326:343	cultivated mycelia	326:343	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	4	37	theme	fermentation	685:696	arg1	mycelia					698:704	fermentation mycelia	685:704	fermentation mycelia	685:704	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	0	38	theme	natural	30:36	arg1	characterization					10:25	Metabolic characterization	0:25	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured	0:49	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	9	39	theme	cultivated	1400:1409	arg1	mycelia					1411:1417	cultivated mycelia	1400:1417	cultivated mycelia	1400:1417	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	8	40	theme	different	1144:1152	arg1	origins					1154:1160	different origins	1144:1160	different origins	1144:1160	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
26279370	10	41	attach	derived	1585:1591	arg1	sinensis					1601:1608	O. sinensis	1598:1608	O. sinensis	1598:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	10	41	attach	derived	1585:1591	arg2	food					1580:1583	health food	1573:1583	health food derived from O. sinensis	1573:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	3	42	theme	sinensis	565:572	arg1	samples					574:580	O. sinensis samples	562:580	O. sinensis samples	562:580	A total of 56 primary metabolites were identified and quantified from O. sinensis samples.
26279370	7	43	theme	metabolic	1022:1030	arg1	profiling					1032:1040	metabolic profiling	1022:1040	metabolic profiling	1022:1040	The variation in metabolic profiling among artificial mycelia was greater than that among wild O. sinensis.
26279370	9	44	theme	H	1277:1277	arg1	metabolomics					1289:1300	H NMR-based metabolomics	1277:1300	H NMR-based metabolomics	1277:1300	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	9	45	theme	mycelia	1411:1417	arg1	sinensis					1353:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	9	45	theme	mycelia	1411:1417	arg1	fingerprinting					1316:1329	fingerprinting	1316:1329	fingerprinting	1316:1329	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	10	46	theme	food	1580:1583	arg1	quality					1549:1555	the quality	1545:1555	the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis	1545:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	6	47	theme	alanine	921:927	arg1	concentrations					848:861	The concentrations	844:861	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol	844:940	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	6	47	theme	alanine	921:927	arg1	different					961:969	different	961:969	different	961:969	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	7	48	from	variation	1009:1017	arg1	profiling					1032:1040	metabolic profiling	1022:1040	metabolic profiling	1022:1040	The variation in metabolic profiling among artificial mycelia was greater than that among wild O. sinensis.
26279370	0	49	theme	cultured	42:49	arg1	characterization					10:25	Metabolic characterization	0:25	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured	0:49	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	10	50	theme	health	1573:1578	arg1	food					1580:1583	health food	1573:1583	health food derived from O. sinensis	1573:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	0	51	from	origins	89:95	arg1	sinensis					65:72	sinensis	65:72	sinensis from different origins	65:95	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	2	52	theme	Metabolic	249:257	arg1	profiles					259:266	Metabolic profiles	249:266	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins	249:370	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	4	53	theme	O.	669:670	arg1	sinensis					672:679	natural O. sinensis	661:679	natural O. sinensis	661:679	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	9	54	theme	different	1422:1430	arg1	strains					1432:1438	different strains	1422:1438	different strains	1422:1438	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	6	55	theme	trans-4-hydroxyproline	897:918	arg1	concentrations					848:861	The concentrations	844:861	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol	844:940	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	6	55	theme	trans-4-hydroxyproline	897:918	arg1	different					961:969	different	961:969	different	961:969	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	1	56	theme	wild	231:234	arg1	sinensis					239:246	wild O. sinensis	231:246	wild O. sinensis	231:246	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	2	57	theme	statistical	470:480	arg1	analysis					482:489	multivariate statistical analysis	457:489	multivariate statistical analysis	457:489	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	3	58	theme	primary	506:512	arg1	metabolites					514:524	56 primary metabolites	503:524	56 primary metabolites	503:524	A total of 56 primary metabolites were identified and quantified from O. sinensis samples.
26279370	6	59	theme	glucitol	933:940	arg1	concentrations					848:861	The concentrations	844:861	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol	844:940	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	6	59	theme	glucitol	933:940	arg1	different					961:969	different	961:969	different	961:969	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	1	60	theme	Ophicordyceps	121:133	arg1	sinensis					135:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	1	60	theme	Ophicordyceps	121:133	arg1	medicine					180:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	2	61	theme	multivariate	457:468	arg1	analysis					482:489	multivariate statistical analysis	457:489	multivariate statistical analysis	457:489	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	6	62	theme	arginine	887:894	arg1	concentrations					848:861	The concentrations	844:861	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol	844:940	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	6	62	theme	arginine	887:894	arg1	different					961:969	different	961:969	different	961:969	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	9	63	theme	NMR-based	1279:1287	arg1	metabolomics					1289:1300	H NMR-based metabolomics	1277:1300	H NMR-based metabolomics	1277:1300	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	6	64	theme	cultured	988:995	arg1	groups					997:1002	cultured groups	988:1002	cultured groups	988:1002	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	7	65	theme	wild	1095:1098	arg1	sinensis					1103:1110	wild O. sinensis	1095:1110	wild O. sinensis	1095:1110	The variation in metabolic profiling among artificial mycelia was greater than that among wild O. sinensis.
26279370	2	66	theme	O.	276:277	arg1	sinensis					279:286	wild O. sinensis	271:286	wild O. sinensis	271:286	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	1	67	theme	O.	236:237	arg1	sinensis					239:246	wild O. sinensis	231:246	wild O. sinensis	231:246	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	5	68	theme	responsible	725:735	arg1	metabolites					713:723	Seven metabolites	707:723	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation	707:755	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	6	69	theme	trehalose	876:884	arg1	concentrations					848:861	The concentrations	844:861	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol	844:940	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	6	69	theme	trehalose	876:884	arg1	different					961:969	different	961:969	different	961:969	The concentrations of mannitol, trehalose, arginine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, alanine and glucitol were significantly different between wild and cultured groups.
26279370	2	70	theme	wild	271:274	arg1	sinensis					279:286	wild O. sinensis	271:286	wild O. sinensis	271:286	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	10	71	theme	medicine	1560:1567	arg1	quality					1549:1555	the quality	1545:1555	the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis	1545:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	9	72	theme	regions	1388:1394	arg1	sinensis					1353:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	discriminating O. sinensis	1335:1360	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	9	72	theme	regions	1388:1394	arg1	fingerprinting					1316:1329	fingerprinting	1316:1329	fingerprinting	1316:1329	This study indicates that (1)H NMR-based metabolomics is useful for fingerprinting and discriminating O. sinensis of different geographical regions and cultivated mycelia of different strains.
26279370	8	73	from	origins	1154:1160	arg1	samples					1131:1137	wild samples	1126:1137	wild samples from different origins	1126:1160	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
26279370	0	74	theme	different	79:87	arg1	origins					89:95	different origins	79:95	different origins	79:95	Metabolic characterization of natural and cultured Ophicordyceps sinensis from different origins by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
26279370	2	75	theme	magnetic	409:416	arg1	resonance					418:426	nuclear magnetic resonance	401:426	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis	396:489	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	75	theme	magnetic	409:416	arg1	NMR					429:431	NMR	429:431	NMR	429:431	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	1	76	dep	a	214:214	arg1	substitute					216:225	substitute	216:225	substitute	216:225	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	10	77	theme	O.	1598:1599	arg1	sinensis					1601:1608	O. sinensis	1598:1608	O. sinensis	1598:1608	The present study provided an efficient approach for investigating chemical compositions and evaluating the quality of medicine and health food derived from O. sinensis.
26279370	1	78	theme	well-known	149:158	arg1	sinensis					135:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	1	78	theme	well-known	149:158	arg1	medicine					180:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	1	79	theme	cultured	193:200	arg1	mycelium					202:209	cultured mycelium	193:209	cultured mycelium	193:209	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	4	80	theme	significant	629:639	arg1	differences					641:651	significant differences	629:651	significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia	629:704	The principle component analysis (PCA) showed significant differences between natural O. sinensis and fermentation mycelia.
26279370	5	81	theme	squares	803:809	arg1	OPLS-DA					834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	OPLS-DA	834:840	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	5	81	theme	squares	803:809	arg1	analysis					824:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis	778:831	orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)	778:841	Seven metabolites responsible for differentiation were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).
26279370	2	82	dep	H	399:399	arg1	resonance					418:426	nuclear magnetic resonance	401:426	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis	396:489	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	82	dep	H	399:399	arg1	1					397:397	1	397:397	1	397:397	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	2	82	dep	H	399:399	arg1	NMR					429:431	NMR	429:431	NMR	429:431	Metabolic profiles of wild O. sinensis from three geographical locations and cultivated mycelia derived from three origins were investigated using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.
26279370	1	83	theme	traditional	160:170	arg1	sinensis					135:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis	121:142	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	1	83	theme	traditional	160:170	arg1	medicine					180:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	a well-known traditional Chinese medicine	147:187	Ophicordyceps sinensis is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and cultured mycelium is a substitute for wild O. sinensis.
26279370	8	84	theme	trehalose	1216:1224	arg1	levels					1196:1201	the levels	1192:1201	the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids	1192:1245	Furthermore, wild samples from different origins were clearly distinguished by the levels of mannitol, trehalose and some amino acids.
28843960	0	0	theme	mechanical	89:98	arg1	challenge					100:108	mechanical challenge	89:108	mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	89:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	9	1	theme	fracture	1203:1210	arg1	test					1212:1215	fast fracture test	1198:1215	fast fracture test	1198:1215	Specimens were examined for demineralization with micro-CT and load capacity by fast fracture test.
28843960	13	2	theme	Sucrose	1590:1596	arg1	pulsing					1598:1604	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing	1578:1604	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing	1578:1604	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing was required to induce biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface.
28843960	14	3	theme	microbial	1796:1804	arg1	challenge					1806:1814	microbial challenge	1796:1814	microbial challenge	1796:1814	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	11	4	theme	Fracture	1302:1309	arg1	loads					1311:1315	Fracture loads	1302:1315	Fracture loads	1302:1315	Fracture loads were significantly reduced by the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose, regardless of whether cyclic mechanical loading was applied.
28843960	14	5	theme	restorations	1855:1866	arg1	integrity					1835:1843	the interfacial integrity	1819:1843	the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1819:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	13	6	theme	adhesive	1665:1672	arg1	interface					1674:1682	the adhesive interface	1661:1682	the adhesive interface	1661:1682	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing was required to induce biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface.
28843960	1	7	theme	interfacial	262:272	arg1	integrity					274:282	the interfacial integrity	258:282	the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations	258:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	13	8	theme	interface	1674:1682	arg1	degradation					1646:1656	biofilm-mediated degradation	1629:1656	biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface	1629:1682	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing was required to induce biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface.
28843960	10	9	theme	BWS	1291:1293	arg1	teeth					1295:1299	BWS teeth	1291:1299	BWS teeth	1291:1299	RESULTS Demineralization next to the restorations was only detectable in BWS teeth.
28843960	9	10	dep	micro-CT	1168:1175	arg1	capacity					1186:1193	capacity	1186:1193	capacity	1186:1193	Specimens were examined for demineralization with micro-CT and load capacity by fast fracture test.
28843960	12	11	theme	fracture	1480:1487	arg1	loads					1489:1493	fracture loads	1480:1493	fracture loads	1480:1493	Cyclic loading reduced fracture loads under all reactor conditions, but the reduction was not statistically significant.
28843960	11	12	theme	mechanical	1425:1434	arg1	loading					1436:1442	cyclic mechanical loading	1418:1442	cyclic mechanical loading	1418:1442	Fracture loads were significantly reduced by the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose, regardless of whether cyclic mechanical loading was applied.
28843960	7	13	theme	biofilm	1028:1034	arg1	challenges					1036:1045	The biofilm challenges	1024:1045	The biofilm challenges	1024:1045	The biofilm challenges were repeated sequentially for 12 weeks.
28843960	14	14	from	effects	1762:1768	arg1	integrity					1835:1843	the interfacial integrity	1819:1843	the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1819:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	4	15	dep	subgroups	676:684	arg1	biofilm					749:755	no biofilm	746:755	no biofilm (Control)	746:765	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	4	15	dep	subgroups	676:684	arg1	Control					758:764	Control	758:764	Control	758:764	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	0	16	theme	extracted	116:124	arg1	model					132:136	an extracted tooth model	113:136	an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	113:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	4	17	theme	specimens	614:622	arg1	specimens					614:622	specimens	614:622	specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued)	614:650	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	4	17	theme	specimens	614:622	arg1	groups					604:609	both groups	599:609	both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued)	599:650	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	3	18	theme	mechanical	530:539	arg1	loading					541:547	mechanical loading	530:547	mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART)	530:590	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	11	19	theme	biofilm	1375:1381	arg1	presence					1363:1370	the concomitant presence	1347:1370	the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose	1347:1393	Fracture loads were significantly reduced by the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose, regardless of whether cyclic mechanical loading was applied.
28843960	2	20	theme	MOD-class-II	408:419	arg1	restorations					421:432	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations	400:432	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations	400:432	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations were prepared in third molars.
28843960	12	21	theme	reactor	1505:1511	arg1	conditions					1513:1522	all reactor conditions	1501:1522	all reactor conditions	1501:1522	Cyclic loading reduced fracture loads under all reactor conditions, but the reduction was not statistically significant.
28843960	13	22	theme	biofilm-mediated	1629:1644	arg1	degradation					1646:1656	biofilm-mediated degradation	1629:1656	biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface	1629:1682	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing was required to induce biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface.
28843960	3	23	theme	loading	541:547	arg1	cycles					520:525	200,000 cycles	512:525	200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART)	512:590	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	5	24	from	donor	923:927	arg1	inoculum					893:900	a multispecies inoculum	878:900	a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor	878:927	BNS and BWS reactors were incubated with a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor whereas the control reactor was not.
28843960	2	25	theme	METHODS	400:406	arg1	restorations					421:432	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations	400:432	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations	400:432	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations were prepared in third molars.
28843960	14	26	theme	loading	1784:1790	arg1	effects					1762:1768	the effects	1758:1768	the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1758:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	4	27	theme	following	724:732	arg1	conditions					734:743	the following conditions	720:743	the following conditions	720:743	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	1	28	theme	combined	182:189	arg1	effect					191:196	the combined effect	178:196	the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations	178:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	0	29	theme	Interfacial	0:10	arg1	degradation					12:22	Interfacial degradation	0:22	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite	0:44	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	1	30	theme	dental	287:292	arg1	restorations					304:315	dental composite restorations	287:315	dental composite restorations	287:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	0	31	theme	adhesive	27:34	arg1	composite					36:44	adhesive composite	27:44	adhesive composite	27:44	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	1	32	theme	composite	294:302	arg1	restorations					304:315	dental composite restorations	287:315	dental composite restorations	287:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	14	33	theme	dental	1848:1853	arg1	restorations					1855:1866	dental restorations	1848:1866	dental restorations	1848:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	1	34	link	plaque-derived	232:245	arg1	biofilm					247:253	plaque-derived biofilm	232:253	plaque-derived biofilm	232:253	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	3	35	theme	artificial	558:567	arg1	ART					587:589	ART	587:589	ART	587:589	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	3	35	theme	artificial	558:567	arg1	environment					574:584	an artificial oral environment	555:584	an artificial oral environment (ART)	555:590	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	6	36	theme	sucrose	998:1004	arg1	times					1011:1015	sucrose five times	998:1015	sucrose five times a day	998:1021	The BWS reactor was pulsed with sucrose five times a day.
28843960	3	37	theme	specimens	477:485	arg1	Half					465:468	Half	465:468	Half of the specimens (n=27)	465:492	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	2	38	theme	third	451:455	arg1	molars					457:462	third molars	451:462	third molars	451:462	METHODS MOD-class-II restorations were prepared in third molars.
28843960	1	39	theme	restorations	304:315	arg1	integrity					274:282	the interfacial integrity	258:282	the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations	258:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	0	40	theme	tooth	126:130	arg1	model					132:136	an extracted tooth model	113:136	an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	113:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	1	41	theme	sucrose	391:397	arg1	incorporation					374:386	the incorporation	370:386	the incorporation of sucrose	370:397	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	3	42	theme	oral	569:572	arg1	ART					587:589	ART	587:589	ART	587:589	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	3	42	theme	oral	569:572	arg1	environment					574:584	an artificial oral environment	555:584	an artificial oral environment (ART)	555:590	Half of the specimens (n=27) were subjected to 200,000 cycles of mechanical loading using an artificial oral environment (ART).
28843960	1	43	theme	simulated	201:209	arg1	loading					220:226	simulated occlusal loading	201:226	simulated occlusal loading	201:226	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	11	44	theme	sucrose	1387:1393	arg1	presence					1363:1370	the concomitant presence	1347:1370	the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose	1347:1393	Fracture loads were significantly reduced by the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose, regardless of whether cyclic mechanical loading was applied.
28843960	10	45	from	detectable	1277:1286	arg1	teeth					1295:1299	BWS teeth	1291:1299	BWS teeth	1291:1299	RESULTS Demineralization next to the restorations was only detectable in BWS teeth.
28843960	0	46	theme	secondary	141:149	arg1	caries					151:156	secondary caries	141:156	secondary caries	141:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	6	47	theme	BWS	970:972	arg1	reactor					974:980	The BWS reactor	966:980	The BWS reactor	966:980	The BWS reactor was pulsed with sucrose five times a day.
28843960	4	48	theme	sucrose	784:790	arg1	BNS					793:795	no sucrose (BNS)	781:796	no sucrose (BNS)	781:796	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	10	49	theme	RESULTS	1218:1224	arg1	Demineralization					1226:1241	RESULTS Demineralization	1218:1241	RESULTS Demineralization next to the restorations	1218:1266	RESULTS Demineralization next to the restorations was only detectable in BWS teeth.
28843960	1	50	theme	occlusal	211:218	arg1	loading					220:226	simulated occlusal loading	201:226	simulated occlusal loading	201:226	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	0	51	theme	composite	36:44	arg1	degradation					12:22	Interfacial degradation	0:22	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite	0:44	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	4	52	with	biofilm	768:774	arg1	biofilm					802:808	biofilm	802:808	biofilm	802:808	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	4	52	with	biofilm	768:774	arg1	BNS					793:795	no sucrose (BNS)	781:796	no sucrose (BNS)	781:796	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	0	53	from	biofilms	76:83	arg1	model					132:136	an extracted tooth model	113:136	an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	113:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	6	54	dep	times	1011:1015	arg1	day					1019:1021	a day	1017:1021	sucrose five times a day	998:1021	The BWS reactor was pulsed with sucrose five times a day.
28843960	1	55	theme	loading	220:226	arg1	effect					191:196	the combined effect	178:196	the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations	178:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	12	56	theme	Cyclic	1457:1462	arg1	loading					1464:1470	Cyclic loading	1457:1470	Cyclic loading	1457:1470	Cyclic loading reduced fracture loads under all reactor conditions, but the reduction was not statistically significant.
28843960	10	57	from	teeth	1295:1299	arg1	detectable					1277:1286	detectable	1277:1286	detectable	1277:1286	RESULTS Demineralization next to the restorations was only detectable in BWS teeth.
28843960	0	58	dep	restorations	46:57	arg1	mediated					59:66	mediated	59:66	restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	46:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	5	59	theme	BWS	845:847	arg1	reactors					849:856	BWS reactors	845:856	BWS reactors	845:856	BNS and BWS reactors were incubated with a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor whereas the control reactor was not.
28843960	11	60	theme	concomitant	1351:1361	arg1	presence					1363:1370	the concomitant presence	1347:1370	the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose	1347:1393	Fracture loads were significantly reduced by the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose, regardless of whether cyclic mechanical loading was applied.
28843960	0	61	theme	caries	151:156	arg1	model					132:136	an extracted tooth model	113:136	an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	113:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	4	62	dep	specimens	614:622	arg1	fatigued					625:632	fatigued	625:632	fatigued	625:632	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	4	62	dep	specimens	614:622	arg1	non-fatigued					638:649	non-fatigued	638:649	non-fatigued	638:649	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	14	63	theme	mechanical	1773:1782	arg1	loading					1784:1790	mechanical loading	1773:1790	mechanical loading	1773:1790	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	11	64	theme	cyclic	1418:1423	arg1	loading					1436:1442	cyclic mechanical loading	1418:1442	cyclic mechanical loading	1418:1442	Fracture loads were significantly reduced by the concomitant presence of biofilm and sucrose, regardless of whether cyclic mechanical loading was applied.
28843960	13	65	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1578:1588	arg1	pulsing					1598:1604	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing	1578:1604	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing	1578:1604	CONCLUSIONS Sucrose pulsing was required to induce biofilm-mediated degradation of the adhesive interface.
28843960	14	66	theme	interfacial	1823:1833	arg1	integrity					1835:1843	the interfacial integrity	1819:1843	the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1819:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	5	67	theme	multispecies	880:891	arg1	inoculum					893:900	a multispecies inoculum	878:900	a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor	878:927	BNS and BWS reactors were incubated with a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor whereas the control reactor was not.
28843960	14	68	theme	relevant	1734:1741	arg1	model					1743:1747	a comprehensive and clinically relevant model	1703:1747	a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1703:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	5	69	theme	plaque	916:921	arg1	donor					923:927	a single plaque donor	907:927	a single plaque donor	907:927	BNS and BWS reactors were incubated with a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor whereas the control reactor was not.
28843960	5	70	theme	single	909:914	arg1	donor					923:927	a single plaque donor	907:927	a single plaque donor	907:927	BNS and BWS reactors were incubated with a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor whereas the control reactor was not.
28843960	1	71	theme	plaque-derived	232:245	arg1	biofilm					247:253	plaque-derived biofilm	232:253	plaque-derived biofilm	232:253	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	0	72	from	challenge	100:108	arg1	model					132:136	an extracted tooth model	113:136	an extracted tooth model of secondary caries	113:156	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	1	73	from	effect	191:196	arg1	integrity					274:282	the interfacial integrity	258:282	the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations	258:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	4	74	from	testing	690:696	arg1	CDC-reactors					701:712	CDC-reactors	701:712	CDC-reactors under the following conditions	701:743	Then, both groups of specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were divided into three subgroups for testing in CDC-reactors under the following conditions: no biofilm (Control), biofilm with no sucrose (BNS) and biofilm pulsed with sucrose (BWS).
28843960	1	75	theme	biofilm	247:253	arg1	effect					191:196	the combined effect	178:196	the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations	178:315	OBJECTIVE To study the combined effect of simulated occlusal loading and plaque-derived biofilm on the interfacial integrity of dental composite restorations, and to explore whether the effects are modulated by the incorporation of sucrose.
28843960	0	76	theme	oral	71:74	arg1	biofilms					76:83	oral biofilms	71:83	oral biofilms	71:83	Interfacial degradation of adhesive composite restorations mediated by oral biofilms and mechanical challenge in an extracted tooth model of secondary caries.
28843960	9	77	theme	fast	1198:1201	arg1	test					1212:1215	fast fracture test	1198:1215	fast fracture test	1198:1215	Specimens were examined for demineralization with micro-CT and load capacity by fast fracture test.
28843960	5	78	theme	control	941:947	arg1	reactor					949:955	the control reactor	937:955	the control reactor	937:955	BNS and BWS reactors were incubated with a multispecies inoculum from a single plaque donor whereas the control reactor was not.
28843960	14	79	theme	challenge	1806:1814	arg1	effects					1762:1768	the effects	1758:1768	the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1758:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28843960	14	80	theme	comprehensive	1705:1717	arg1	model					1743:1747	a comprehensive and clinically relevant model	1703:1747	a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations	1703:1866	We have presented a comprehensive and clinically relevant model to study the effects of mechanical loading and microbial challenge on the interfacial integrity of dental restorations.
28778526	10	0	theme	promising	1415:1423	arg1	adsorbents					1425:1434	promising adsorbents	1415:1434	promising adsorbents	1415:1434	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	2	1	dep	oxide	513:517	arg1	GO					520:521	GO	520:521	GO	520:521	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	2	1	dep	oxide	513:517	arg1	sheets					529:534	nano sheets	524:534	nano sheets	524:534	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	8	2	theme	adsorption	1178:1187	arg1	capacity					1189:1196	a maximum adsorption capacity	1168:1196	a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye	1168:1219	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	2	3	theme	compositions	356:367	arg1	NHAs					338:341	The NHAs	334:341	The NHAs of different compositions	334:367	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	8	4	theme	297mgg-1	1201:1208	arg1	capacity					1189:1196	a maximum adsorption capacity	1168:1196	a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye	1168:1219	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	2	5	theme	oxide	513:517	arg1	presence					492:499	the presence	488:499	the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	488:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	9	6	theme	excellent	1245:1253	arg1	capacity					1268:1275	an excellent regeneration capacity	1242:1275	an excellent regeneration capacity	1242:1275	The NHA also showed an excellent regeneration capacity after five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption.
28778526	10	7	theme	environment	1390:1400	arg1	NHAs					1376:1379	the prepared NHAs	1363:1379	the prepared NHAs	1363:1379	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	10	7	theme	environment	1390:1400	arg1	friendly					1402:1409	environment friendly	1390:1409	environment friendly	1390:1409	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	6	8	theme	MG	940:941	arg1	process					952:958	MG sorption process	940:958	MG sorption process	940:958	The temperature dependence data also revealed that MG sorption process was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.
28778526	9	9	theme	regeneration	1255:1266	arg1	capacity					1268:1275	an excellent regeneration capacity	1242:1275	an excellent regeneration capacity	1242:1275	The NHA also showed an excellent regeneration capacity after five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption.
28778526	9	10	theme	consecutive	1288:1298	arg1	cycles					1300:1305	five consecutive cycles	1283:1305	five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption	1283:1334	The NHA also showed an excellent regeneration capacity after five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption.
28778526	10	11	theme	cationic	1468:1475	arg1	dyes					1477:1480	different cationic dyes	1458:1480	different cationic dyes from contaminated water	1458:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	1	12	theme	novel	267:271	arg1	hydrogel					308:315	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent	265:325	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA)	265:331	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	1	12	theme	novel	267:271	arg1	NHA					328:330	NHA	328:330	NHA	328:330	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	0	13	theme	green	133:137	arg1	dye					139:141	malachite green dye	123:141	malachite green dye	123:141	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	3	14	dep	morphology	581:590	arg1	The					569:571	The	569:571	The	569:571	The surface morphology and chemical properties of the prepared NHAs were fully examined by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA.
28778526	2	15	theme	radical	405:411	arg1	copolymerization					419:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization	391:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	391:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	0	16	theme	malachite	123:131	arg1	green					133:137	malachite green	123:137	malachite green dye	123:141	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	4	17	theme	water	763:767	arg1	uptake					769:774	water uptake	763:774	water uptake	763:774	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	10	18	from	adsorption	1444:1453	arg1	water					1500:1504	contaminated water	1487:1504	contaminated water	1487:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	1	19	theme	efficient	191:199	arg1	removal					201:207	the efficient removal	187:207	the efficient removal of malachite green (MG)	187:231	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	2	20	theme	monomer	455:461	arg1	copolymerization					419:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization	391:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	391:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	2	21	from	backbones	475:483	arg1	presence					492:499	the presence	488:499	the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	488:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	8	22	theme	adsorption	1093:1102	arg1	data					1113:1116	the adsorption isotherm data	1089:1116	the adsorption isotherm data	1089:1116	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	5	23	theme	dye	884:886	arg1	adsorption					867:876	the adsorption	863:876	the adsorption of MG dye	863:886	The NHA was employed as bioadsorbents for the adsorption of MG dye.
28778526	2	24	theme	simple	393:398	arg1	copolymerization					419:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization	391:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	391:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	8	25	theme	Langmuir	1139:1146	arg1	model					1157:1161	the Langmuir isotherm model	1135:1161	the Langmuir isotherm model	1135:1161	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	1	26	theme	polysaccharide-based	273:292	arg1	hydrogel					308:315	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent	265:325	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA)	265:331	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	1	26	theme	polysaccharide-based	273:292	arg1	NHA					328:330	NHA	328:330	NHA	328:330	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	6	27	theme	sorption	943:950	arg1	process					952:958	MG sorption process	940:958	MG sorption process	940:958	The temperature dependence data also revealed that MG sorption process was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.
28778526	7	28	theme	adsorption	1010:1019	arg1	rates					1021:1025	The MG adsorption rates	1003:1025	The MG adsorption rates	1003:1025	The MG adsorption rates were described by the pseudo-second-order model.
28778526	0	29	theme	/graphene	44:52	arg1	oxide/hydroxyapatite					54:73	starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	15:73	starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	15:73	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	1	30	theme	nanocomposite	294:306	arg1	hydrogel					308:315	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent	265:325	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA)	265:331	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	1	30	theme	nanocomposite	294:306	arg1	NHA					328:330	NHA	328:330	NHA	328:330	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	2	31	theme	nono-hydroxyapatite	540:558	arg1	presence					492:499	the presence	488:499	the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	488:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	10	32	theme	prepared	1367:1374	arg1	NHAs					1376:1379	the prepared NHAs	1363:1379	the prepared NHAs	1363:1379	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	10	32	theme	prepared	1367:1374	arg1	friendly					1402:1409	environment friendly	1390:1409	environment friendly	1390:1409	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	7	33	theme	pseudo-second-order	1049:1067	arg1	model					1069:1073	the pseudo-second-order model	1045:1073	the pseudo-second-order model	1045:1073	The MG adsorption rates were described by the pseudo-second-order model.
28778526	2	34	theme	acrylamide	439:448	arg1	monomer					455:461	acrylamide (AM) monomer	439:461	acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	439:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	0	35	theme	starch-graft-poly	15:31	arg1	oxide/hydroxyapatite					54:73	starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	15:73	starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	15:73	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	0	36	theme	dye	139:141	arg1	removal					112:118	removal	112:118	removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution	112:163	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	8	37	theme	isotherm	1104:1111	arg1	data					1113:1116	the adsorption isotherm data	1089:1116	the adsorption isotherm data	1089:1116	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	1	38	theme	green	222:226	arg1	removal					201:207	the efficient removal	187:207	the efficient removal of malachite green (MG)	187:231	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	8	39	theme	maximum	1170:1176	arg1	capacity					1189:1196	a maximum adsorption capacity	1168:1196	a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye	1168:1219	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	1	40	theme	adsorbent	317:325	arg1	hydrogel					308:315	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent	265:325	a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA)	265:331	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	1	40	theme	adsorbent	317:325	arg1	NHA					328:330	NHA	328:330	NHA	328:330	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	7	41	theme	MG	1007:1008	arg1	rates					1021:1025	The MG adsorption rates	1003:1025	The MG adsorption rates	1003:1025	The MG adsorption rates were described by the pseudo-second-order model.
28778526	10	42	theme	different	1458:1466	arg1	dyes					1477:1480	different cationic dyes	1458:1480	different cationic dyes from contaminated water	1458:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	6	43	theme	dependence	905:914	arg1	data					916:919	The temperature dependence data	889:919	The temperature dependence data	889:919	The temperature dependence data also revealed that MG sorption process was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.
28778526	10	44	from	water	1500:1504	arg1	dyes					1477:1480	different cationic dyes	1458:1480	different cationic dyes from contaminated water	1458:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	10	44	from	water	1500:1504	arg1	adsorption					1444:1453	the adsorption	1440:1453	the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water	1440:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	0	45	theme	acrylamide	33:42	arg1	oxide/hydroxyapatite					54:73	starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	15:73	starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	15:73	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	6	46	theme	temperature	893:903	arg1	data					916:919	The temperature dependence data	889:919	The temperature dependence data	889:919	The temperature dependence data also revealed that MG sorption process was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic.
28778526	0	47	theme	aqueous	148:154	arg1	solution					156:163	aqueous solution	148:163	aqueous solution	148:163	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	3	48	theme	prepared	623:630	arg1	NHAs					632:635	the prepared NHAs	619:635	the prepared NHAs	619:635	The surface morphology and chemical properties of the prepared NHAs were fully examined by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA.
28778526	2	49	theme	graft	413:417	arg1	copolymerization					419:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization	391:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	391:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	2	50	theme	starch	468:473	arg1	backbones					475:483	starch backbones	468:483	starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	468:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	9	51	theme	adsorption-desorption	1314:1334	arg1	cycles					1300:1305	five consecutive cycles	1283:1305	five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption	1283:1334	The NHA also showed an excellent regeneration capacity after five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption.
28778526	3	52	theme	NHAs	632:635	arg1	morphology					581:590	surface morphology	573:590	surface morphology	573:590	The surface morphology and chemical properties of the prepared NHAs were fully examined by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA.
28778526	3	52	theme	NHAs	632:635	arg1	properties					605:614	chemical properties	596:614	chemical properties	596:614	The surface morphology and chemical properties of the prepared NHAs were fully examined by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA.
28778526	4	53	theme	synthesized	783:793	arg1	NHAs					795:798	the synthesized NHAs	779:798	the synthesized NHAs	779:798	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	2	54	theme	different	346:354	arg1	compositions					356:367	different compositions	346:367	different compositions	346:367	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	2	55	theme	nano	524:527	arg1	sheets					529:534	nano sheets	524:534	nano sheets	524:534	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	4	56	theme	NHAs	795:798	arg1	biocompatibility					699:714	biocompatibility	699:714	biocompatibility	699:714	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	4	56	theme	NHAs	795:798	arg1	biodegradability					717:732	biodegradability	717:732	biodegradability	717:732	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	4	56	theme	NHAs	795:798	arg1	porosity					735:742	porosity	735:742	porosity	735:742	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	4	56	theme	NHAs	795:798	arg1	content					751:757	water content	745:757	water content	745:757	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	4	56	theme	NHAs	795:798	arg1	uptake					769:774	water uptake	763:774	water uptake	763:774	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	10	57	theme	dyes	1477:1480	arg1	adsorption					1444:1453	the adsorption	1440:1453	the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water	1440:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	3	58	theme	surface	573:579	arg1	morphology					581:590	surface morphology	573:590	surface morphology	573:590	The surface morphology and chemical properties of the prepared NHAs were fully examined by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA.
28778526	4	59	dep	biocompatibility	699:714	arg1	The					695:697	The	695:697	The	695:697	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	10	60	theme	contaminated	1487:1498	arg1	water					1500:1504	contaminated water	1487:1504	contaminated water	1487:1504	According to the results, the prepared NHAs could be environment friendly and promising adsorbents for the adsorption of different cationic dyes from contaminated water.
28778526	9	61	theme	dye	1310:1312	arg1	adsorption-desorption					1314:1334	dye adsorption-desorption	1310:1334	dye adsorption-desorption	1310:1334	The NHA also showed an excellent regeneration capacity after five consecutive cycles of dye adsorption-desorption.
28778526	8	62	theme	MG	1214:1215	arg1	dye					1217:1219	MG dye	1214:1219	MG dye	1214:1219	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	0	63	from	solution	156:163	arg1	removal					112:118	removal	112:118	removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution	112:163	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	4	64	theme	water	745:749	arg1	content					751:757	water content	745:757	water content	745:757	The biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, water content and water uptake of the synthesized NHAs were also evaluated.
28778526	5	65	theme	MG	881:882	arg1	dye					884:886	MG dye	881:886	MG dye	881:886	The NHA was employed as bioadsorbents for the adsorption of MG dye.
28778526	2	66	theme	graphene	504:511	arg1	oxide					513:517	graphene oxide	504:517	graphene oxide (GO)	504:522	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	3	67	theme	chemical	596:603	arg1	properties					605:614	chemical properties	596:614	chemical properties	596:614	The surface morphology and chemical properties of the prepared NHAs were fully examined by using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD and TGA.
28778526	1	68	theme	malachite	212:220	arg1	green					222:226	malachite green	212:226	malachite green (MG)	212:231	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	1	68	theme	malachite	212:220	arg1	MG					229:230	MG	229:230	MG	229:230	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
28778526	2	69	theme	free	400:403	arg1	copolymerization					419:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization	391:434	a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp)	391:566	The NHAs of different compositions were prepared through a simple free radical graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) monomer onto starch backbones in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) nano sheets and nono-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp).
28778526	0	70	theme	oxide/hydroxyapatite	54:73	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite	0:73	Fabrication of starch-graft-poly(acrylamide)/graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution.
28778526	8	71	theme	isotherm	1148:1155	arg1	model					1157:1161	the Langmuir isotherm model	1135:1161	the Langmuir isotherm model	1135:1161	Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 297mgg-1 for MG dye.
28778526	1	72	theme	aqueous	242:248	arg1	solution					250:257	aqueous solution	242:257	aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA)	242:331	This article reports the efficient removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution using a novel polysaccharide-based nanocomposite hydrogel adsorbent (NHA).
26946019	8	0	theme	Janus	1087:1091	arg1	particles					1093:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	7	1	theme	spatial	926:932	arg1	separation					934:943	spatial separation	926:943	spatial separation between Fe3O4 NPs and QDs	926:969	Moreover, spatial separation between Fe3O4 NPs and QDs prevented the interference of QDs photoluminescence by the magnetic particles.
26946019	8	2	theme	DNA	1139:1141	arg1	assay					1143:1147	DNA assay	1139:1147	DNA assay	1139:1147	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	8	3	theme	magnetic	1078:1085	arg1	particles					1093:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	5	4	from	effects	710:716	arg1	compositions					760:771	magnetic/fluorescent compositions	739:771	magnetic/fluorescent compositions	739:771	The flow conditions were optimized and the effects of the flow rates on magnetic/fluorescent compositions were carefully investigated.
26946019	6	5	theme	magnetic	827:834	arg1	separation					836:845	magnetic separation	827:845	magnetic separation	827:845	Luminescent labeling and magnetic separation were simultaneously realized with the newly designed microparticles.
26946019	8	6	theme	biological	1220:1229	arg1	applications					1231:1242	biological applications	1220:1242	biological applications	1220:1242	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	4	7	theme	Janus	591:595	arg1	microparticles					597:610	the Janus microparticles	587:610	the Janus microparticles with excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	587:657	Thus, the Janus microparticles with excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties formed.
26946019	2	8	theme	flow-focusing	343:355	arg1	channel					357:363	a flow-focusing channel	341:363	a flow-focusing channel	341:363	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	5	9	theme	flow	725:728	arg1	rates					730:734	the flow rates	721:734	the flow rates	721:734	The flow conditions were optimized and the effects of the flow rates on magnetic/fluorescent compositions were carefully investigated.
26946019	2	10	theme	distinct	432:439	arg1	parts					441:445	two distinct parts	428:445	two distinct parts	428:445	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	1	11	theme	Fluorescent	97:107	arg1	microparticles					134:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles	97:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles	97:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles were fabricated by a facile droplet microfluidic strategy.
26946019	5	12	theme	rates	730:734	arg1	effects					710:716	the effects	706:716	the effects of the flow rates on magnetic/fluorescent compositions	706:771	The flow conditions were optimized and the effects of the flow rates on magnetic/fluorescent compositions were carefully investigated.
26946019	6	13	theme	Luminescent	802:812	arg1	labeling					814:821	Luminescent labeling	802:821	Luminescent labeling	802:821	Luminescent labeling and magnetic separation were simultaneously realized with the newly designed microparticles.
26946019	1	14	theme	magnetic	109:116	arg1	microparticles					134:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles	97:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles	97:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles were fabricated by a facile droplet microfluidic strategy.
26946019	4	15	theme	magnetic/fluorescent	627:646	arg1	properties					648:657	excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	617:657	excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	617:657	Thus, the Janus microparticles with excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties formed.
26946019	3	16	theme	oil	499:501	arg1	phase					503:507	the oil phase	495:507	the oil phase	495:507	Then, at the serpentine channel, the Ca(2+) in the oil phase diffused into the droplets, causing the solidification of the droplets.
26946019	3	17	from	Ca	485:486	arg1	phase					503:507	the oil phase	495:507	the oil phase	495:507	Then, at the serpentine channel, the Ca(2+) in the oil phase diffused into the droplets, causing the solidification of the droplets.
26946019	1	18	theme	multifunctional	118:132	arg1	microparticles					134:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles	97:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles	97:147	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles were fabricated by a facile droplet microfluidic strategy.
26946019	0	19	theme	Microfluidic	0:11	arg1	generation					13:22	Microfluidic generation	0:22	Microfluidic generation of magnetic-fluorescent Janus	0:52	Microfluidic generation of magnetic-fluorescent Janus microparticles for biomolecular detection.
26946019	8	20	theme	fluorescent	1066:1076	arg1	particles					1093:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	2	21	contain	containing	417:426	arg2	parts					441:445	two distinct parts	428:445	two distinct parts	428:445	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	21	contain	containing	417:426	arg1	droplets					408:415	droplets	408:415	droplets containing two distinct parts	408:445	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	22	theme	flow	395:398	arg1	streams					228:234	Two sodium alginate streams	208:234	Two sodium alginate streams	208:234	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	22	theme	flow	395:398	arg1	type					370:373	a type	368:373	a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts	368:445	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	0	23	theme	magnetic-fluorescent	27:46	arg1	Janus					48:52	magnetic-fluorescent Janus	27:52	magnetic-fluorescent Janus	27:52	Microfluidic generation of magnetic-fluorescent Janus microparticles for biomolecular detection.
26946019	8	24	theme	as-prepared	1054:1064	arg1	particles					1093:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles	1050:1101	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	2	25	theme	quantum	306:312	arg1	dots					314:317	CdSe/ZnS quantum dots	297:317	CdSe/ZnS quantum dots	297:317	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	8	26	theme	microbeads	1206:1215	arg1	potential					1173:1181	the potential	1169:1181	the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications	1169:1242	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	1	27	theme	microfluidic	185:196	arg1	strategy					198:205	a facile droplet microfluidic strategy	168:205	a facile droplet microfluidic strategy	168:205	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles were fabricated by a facile droplet microfluidic strategy.
26946019	6	28	theme	designed	891:898	arg1	microparticles					900:913	the newly designed microparticles	881:913	the newly designed microparticles	881:913	Luminescent labeling and magnetic separation were simultaneously realized with the newly designed microparticles.
26946019	4	29	theme	excellent	617:625	arg1	properties					648:657	excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	617:657	excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	617:657	Thus, the Janus microparticles with excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties formed.
26946019	0	30	theme	Janus	48:52	arg1	generation					13:22	Microfluidic generation	0:22	Microfluidic generation of magnetic-fluorescent Janus	0:52	Microfluidic generation of magnetic-fluorescent Janus microparticles for biomolecular detection.
26946019	8	31	from	potential	1173:1181	arg1	applications					1231:1242	biological applications	1220:1242	biological applications	1220:1242	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	2	32	theme	alginate	219:226	arg1	streams					228:234	Two sodium alginate streams	208:234	Two sodium alginate streams	208:234	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	32	theme	alginate	219:226	arg1	other					286:290	other	286:290	other	286:290	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	32	theme	alginate	219:226	arg1	type					370:373	a type	368:373	a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts	368:445	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	32	theme	alginate	219:226	arg1	one					237:239	one	237:239	one	237:239	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	3	33	theme	droplets	571:578	arg1	solidification					549:562	the solidification	545:562	the solidification of the droplets	545:578	Then, at the serpentine channel, the Ca(2+) in the oil phase diffused into the droplets, causing the solidification of the droplets.
26946019	3	34	theme	serpentine	461:470	arg1	channel					472:478	the serpentine channel	457:478	the serpentine channel	457:478	Then, at the serpentine channel, the Ca(2+) in the oil phase diffused into the droplets, causing the solidification of the droplets.
26946019	0	35	theme	biomolecular	73:84	arg1	detection					86:94	biomolecular detection	73:94	biomolecular detection	73:94	Microfluidic generation of magnetic-fluorescent Janus microparticles for biomolecular detection.
26946019	2	36	theme	sodium	212:217	arg1	streams					228:234	Two sodium alginate streams	208:234	Two sodium alginate streams	208:234	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	36	theme	sodium	212:217	arg1	other					286:290	other	286:290	other	286:290	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	36	theme	sodium	212:217	arg1	type					370:373	a type	368:373	a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts	368:445	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	36	theme	sodium	212:217	arg1	one					237:239	one	237:239	one	237:239	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	5	37	theme	flow	671:674	arg1	conditions					676:685	The flow conditions	667:685	The flow conditions	667:685	The flow conditions were optimized and the effects of the flow rates on magnetic/fluorescent compositions were carefully investigated.
26946019	2	38	theme	Fe3O4	252:256	arg1	NPs					273:275	NPs	273:275	NPs	273:275	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	2	38	theme	Fe3O4	252:256	arg1	nanoparticles					258:270	Fe3O4 nanoparticles	252:270	Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs)	252:276	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	7	39	theme	Fe3O4	953:957	arg1	NPs					959:961	Fe3O4 NPs	953:961	Fe3O4 NPs	953:961	Moreover, spatial separation between Fe3O4 NPs and QDs prevented the interference of QDs photoluminescence by the magnetic particles.
26946019	2	40	with	other	286:290	arg1	dots					314:317	CdSe/ZnS quantum dots	297:317	CdSe/ZnS quantum dots	297:317	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	7	41	theme	photoluminescence	1005:1021	arg1	interference					985:996	the interference	981:996	the interference of QDs photoluminescence by the magnetic particles	981:1047	Moreover, spatial separation between Fe3O4 NPs and QDs prevented the interference of QDs photoluminescence by the magnetic particles.
26946019	1	42	theme	facile	170:175	arg1	strategy					198:205	a facile droplet microfluidic strategy	168:205	a facile droplet microfluidic strategy	168:205	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles were fabricated by a facile droplet microfluidic strategy.
26946019	2	43	theme	CdSe/ZnS	297:304	arg1	dots					314:317	CdSe/ZnS quantum dots	297:317	CdSe/ZnS quantum dots	297:317	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	4	44	with	microparticles	597:610	arg1	properties					648:657	excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	617:657	excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties	617:657	Thus, the Janus microparticles with excellent magnetic/fluorescent properties formed.
26946019	7	45	theme	magnetic	1030:1037	arg1	particles					1039:1047	the magnetic particles	1026:1047	the magnetic particles	1026:1047	Moreover, spatial separation between Fe3O4 NPs and QDs prevented the interference of QDs photoluminescence by the magnetic particles.
26946019	1	46	theme	droplet	177:183	arg1	strategy					198:205	a facile droplet microfluidic strategy	168:205	a facile droplet microfluidic strategy	168:205	Fluorescent magnetic multifunctional microparticles were fabricated by a facile droplet microfluidic strategy.
26946019	8	47	theme	multifunctional	1190:1204	arg1	microbeads					1206:1215	the multifunctional microbeads	1186:1215	the multifunctional microbeads	1186:1215	The as-prepared fluorescent magnetic Janus particles were also successfully employed for DNA assay, which demonstrated the potential of the multifunctional microbeads in biological applications.
26946019	2	48	theme	laminar	387:393	arg1	flow					395:398	parallel laminar flow	378:398	parallel laminar flow	378:398	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
26946019	5	49	theme	magnetic/fluorescent	739:758	arg1	compositions					760:771	magnetic/fluorescent compositions	739:771	magnetic/fluorescent compositions	739:771	The flow conditions were optimized and the effects of the flow rates on magnetic/fluorescent compositions were carefully investigated.
26946019	2	50	theme	parallel	378:385	arg1	flow					395:398	parallel laminar flow	378:398	parallel laminar flow	378:398	Two sodium alginate streams, one doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and the other with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots, were introduced into a flow-focusing channel as a type of parallel laminar flow to form droplets containing two distinct parts.
29109961	8	0	theme	robust	1104:1109	arg1	effect					1111:1116	a robust effect	1102:1116	a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells	1102:1180	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	7	1	theme	sustained	986:994	arg1	release					999:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	0	2	theme	Titanium	63:70	arg1	Surfaces					72:79	Titanium Surfaces	63:79	Titanium Surfaces	63:79	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	0	3	from	Incorporation	4:16	arg1	Coating					52:58	a Sodium Alginate Coating	34:58	a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties	34:114	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	0	3	from	Incorporation	4:16	arg1	Surfaces					72:79	Titanium Surfaces	63:79	Titanium Surfaces	63:79	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	5	4	dep	Fourier	766:772	arg1	transform					774:782	transform	774:782	transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	774:812	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	8	5	theme	MG63	1171:1174	arg1	cells					1176:1180	MG63 cells	1171:1180	MG63 cells	1171:1180	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	8	6	from	cytotoxicity	1085:1096	arg1	adhesion					1145:1152	adhesion	1145:1152	adhesion	1145:1152	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	8	6	from	cytotoxicity	1085:1096	arg1	spreading					1158:1166	spreading	1158:1166	spreading	1158:1166	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	4	7	theme	sodium	543:548	arg1	SA					560:561	SA	560:561	SA	560:561	In this study, a titanium (Ti) surface was successively functionalized by covalently grafting dopamine, sodium alginate (SA), and Sr2+ via the electrostatic immobilization method.
29109961	4	7	theme	sodium	543:548	arg1	alginate					550:557	sodium alginate	543:557	sodium alginate (SA)	543:562	In this study, a titanium (Ti) surface was successively functionalized by covalently grafting dopamine, sodium alginate (SA), and Sr2+ via the electrostatic immobilization method.
29109961	0	8	theme	Improved	85:92	arg1	Properties					105:114	Improved Biological Properties	85:114	Improved Biological Properties	85:114	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	8	9	from	effect	1111:1116	arg1	adhesion					1145:1152	adhesion	1145:1152	adhesion	1145:1152	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	8	9	from	effect	1111:1116	arg1	spreading					1158:1166	spreading	1158:1166	spreading	1158:1166	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	9	10	theme	MG63	1244:1247	arg1	cells					1249:1253	MG63 cells	1244:1253	MG63 cells	1244:1253	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	5	11	theme	scanning	690:697	arg1	SEM					720:722	SEM	720:722	SEM	720:722	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	5	11	theme	scanning	690:697	arg1	microscopy					708:717	scanning electron microscopy	690:717	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	690:723	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	9	12	theme	cells	1249:1253	arg1	proliferation					1187:1199	proliferation	1187:1199	proliferation	1187:1199	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	9	12	theme	cells	1249:1253	arg1	activity					1232:1239	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1205:1239	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1205:1239	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	5	13	theme	as-prepared	623:633	arg1	coatings					635:642	The as-prepared coatings	619:642	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface	619:660	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	5	14	theme	electron	699:706	arg1	SEM					720:722	SEM	720:722	SEM	720:722	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	5	14	theme	electron	699:706	arg1	microscopy					708:717	scanning electron microscopy	690:717	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	690:723	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	8	15	theme	incorporation	1124:1136	arg1	cytotoxicity					1085:1096	little cytotoxicity	1078:1096	little cytotoxicity	1078:1096	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	8	15	theme	incorporation	1124:1136	arg1	effect					1111:1116	a robust effect	1102:1116	a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells	1102:1180	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	10	16	theme	Sr-containing	1316:1328	arg1	coatings					1330:1337	The Sr-containing coatings	1312:1337	The Sr-containing coatings	1312:1337	The Sr-containing coatings, which displayed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, may provide a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants.
29109961	0	17	theme	Biological	94:103	arg1	Properties					105:114	Improved Biological Properties	85:114	Improved Biological Properties	85:114	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	4	18	theme	titanium	456:463	arg1	surface					470:476	a titanium (Ti) surface	454:476	a titanium (Ti) surface	454:476	In this study, a titanium (Ti) surface was successively functionalized by covalently grafting dopamine, sodium alginate (SA), and Sr2+ via the electrostatic immobilization method.
29109961	5	19	theme	X-ray	726:730	arg1	spectroscopy					746:757	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	726:757	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	726:763	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	5	19	theme	X-ray	726:730	arg1	XPS					760:762	XPS	760:762	XPS	760:762	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	2	20	theme	implant	254:260	arg1	failure					262:268	the implant failure	250:268	the implant failure	250:268	An effective approach to minimize the implant failure would be modifying the surface of the implant.
29109961	1	21	theme	poor	172:175	arg1	bonding					177:183	the poor bonding	168:183	the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue	168:213	Orthopedic implant failure is mainly attributed to the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue.
29109961	7	22	theme	Sr2+	1028:1031	arg1	studies					1041:1047	Sr2+ release studies	1028:1047	Sr2+ release studies	1028:1047	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	10	23	theme	osteogenic	1387:1396	arg1	activity					1398:1405	osteogenic activity	1387:1405	osteogenic activity	1387:1405	The Sr-containing coatings, which displayed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, may provide a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants.
29109961	10	24	theme	implants	1481:1488	arg1	integration					1466:1476	the tissue integration	1455:1476	the tissue integration of implants	1455:1488	The Sr-containing coatings, which displayed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, may provide a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants.
29109961	7	25	theme	release	1033:1039	arg1	studies					1041:1047	Sr2+ release studies	1028:1047	Sr2+ release studies	1028:1047	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	10	26	theme	excellent	1356:1364	arg1	biocompatibility					1366:1381	excellent biocompatibility	1356:1381	excellent biocompatibility	1356:1381	The Sr-containing coatings, which displayed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, may provide a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants.
29109961	0	27	theme	Strontium	21:29	arg1	Incorporation					4:16	The Incorporation	0:16	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.	0:115	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	8	28	theme	Sr	1121:1122	arg1	incorporation					1124:1136	Sr incorporation	1121:1136	Sr incorporation	1121:1136	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	10	29	theme	tissue	1459:1464	arg1	integration					1466:1476	the tissue integration	1455:1476	the tissue integration of implants	1455:1488	The Sr-containing coatings, which displayed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, may provide a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants.
29109961	7	30	located	observed	1016:1023	arg1	studies					1041:1047	Sr2+ release studies	1028:1047	Sr2+ release studies	1028:1047	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	7	30	located	observed	1016:1023	arg2	release					999:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	0	31	from	Surfaces	72:79	arg1	Incorporation					4:16	The Incorporation	0:16	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.	0:115	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	1	32	theme	implant	192:198	arg1	bonding					177:183	the poor bonding	168:183	the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue	168:213	Orthopedic implant failure is mainly attributed to the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue.
29109961	3	33	theme	osteoblasts	387:397	arg1	proliferation					350:362	proliferation	350:362	proliferation	350:362	Strontium (Sr) can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and reduce the activity of osteoclasts.
29109961	3	33	theme	osteoblasts	387:397	arg1	differentiation					368:382	differentiation	368:382	differentiation	368:382	Strontium (Sr) can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and reduce the activity of osteoclasts.
29109961	4	34	theme	immobilization	596:609	arg1	method					611:616	the electrostatic immobilization method	578:616	the electrostatic immobilization method	578:616	In this study, a titanium (Ti) surface was successively functionalized by covalently grafting dopamine, sodium alginate (SA), and Sr2+ via the electrostatic immobilization method.
29109961	2	35	theme	effective	219:227	arg1	approach					229:236	An effective approach	216:236	An effective approach to minimize the implant failure	216:268	An effective approach to minimize the implant failure would be modifying the surface of the implant.
29109961	3	36	theme	osteoclasts	426:436	arg1	activity					414:421	the activity	410:421	the activity of osteoclasts	410:436	Strontium (Sr) can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and reduce the activity of osteoclasts.
29109961	5	37	theme	photoelectron	732:744	arg1	spectroscopy					746:757	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	726:757	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	726:763	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	5	37	theme	photoelectron	732:744	arg1	XPS					760:762	XPS	760:762	XPS	760:762	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	9	38	theme	SA-grafted	1297:1306	arg1	Ti					1308:1309	the SA-grafted Ti	1293:1309	the SA-grafted Ti	1293:1309	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	1	39	theme	bone	203:206	arg1	tissue					208:213	bone tissue	203:213	bone tissue	203:213	Orthopedic implant failure is mainly attributed to the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue.
29109961	0	40	theme	Alginate	43:50	arg1	Coating					52:58	a Sodium Alginate Coating	34:58	a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties	34:114	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	7	41	theme	Sr	996:997	arg1	release					999:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	0	42	from	Coating	52:58	arg1	Surfaces					72:79	Titanium Surfaces	63:79	Titanium Surfaces	63:79	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	7	43	theme	long-lasting	969:980	arg1	release					999:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release	967:1005	A long-lasting and sustained Sr release had been observed in Sr2+ release studies.
29109961	0	44	theme	Sodium	36:41	arg1	Coating					52:58	a Sodium Alginate Coating	34:58	a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties	34:114	The Incorporation of Strontium in a Sodium Alginate Coating on Titanium Surfaces for Improved Biological Properties.
29109961	8	45	dep	adhesion	1145:1152	arg1	the					1141:1143	the	1141:1143	the	1141:1143	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	9	46	theme	alkaline	1205:1212	arg1	phosphatase					1214:1224	alkaline phosphatase	1205:1224	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1205:1239	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	9	46	theme	alkaline	1205:1212	arg1	ALP					1227:1229	ALP	1227:1229	ALP	1227:1229	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	10	47	theme	promising	1422:1430	arg1	solution					1432:1439	a promising solution	1420:1439	a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants	1420:1488	The Sr-containing coatings, which displayed excellent biocompatibility and osteogenic activity, may provide a promising solution for promoting the tissue integration of implants.
29109961	1	48	theme	Orthopedic	117:126	arg1	failure					136:142	Orthopedic implant failure	117:142	Orthopedic implant failure	117:142	Orthopedic implant failure is mainly attributed to the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue.
29109961	6	49	theme	Sr-incorporated	865:879	arg1	coatings					881:888	the Sr-incorporated coatings	861:888	the Sr-incorporated coatings	861:888	The results indicated that the Sr-incorporated coatings were successfully prepared and that Sr distributed uniformly on the surface.
29109961	8	50	theme	little	1078:1083	arg1	cytotoxicity					1085:1096	little cytotoxicity	1078:1096	little cytotoxicity	1078:1096	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	9	51	theme	phosphatase	1214:1224	arg1	activity					1232:1239	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1205:1239	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	1205:1239	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	2	52	theme	implant	308:314	arg1	surface					293:299	the surface	289:299	the surface of the implant	289:314	An effective approach to minimize the implant failure would be modifying the surface of the implant.
29109961	9	53	dep	proliferation	1187:1199	arg1	The					1183:1185	The	1183:1185	The	1183:1185	The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MG63 cells were enhanced by immobilizing Sr2+ on the SA-grafted Ti.
29109961	5	54	theme	Ti	651:652	arg1	surface					654:660	the Ti surface	647:660	the Ti surface	647:660	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	1	55	theme	implant	128:134	arg1	failure					136:142	Orthopedic implant failure	117:142	Orthopedic implant failure	117:142	Orthopedic implant failure is mainly attributed to the poor bonding of the implant to bone tissue.
29109961	4	56	theme	electrostatic	582:594	arg1	method					611:616	the electrostatic immobilization method	578:616	the electrostatic immobilization method	578:616	In this study, a titanium (Ti) surface was successively functionalized by covalently grafting dopamine, sodium alginate (SA), and Sr2+ via the electrostatic immobilization method.
29109961	5	57	dep	transform	774:782	arg1	infrared					784:791	infrared	784:791	transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	774:812	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	5	58	theme	contact	819:825	arg1	angle					827:831	contact angle	819:831	contact angle	819:831	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	2	59	dep	approach	229:236	arg1	minimize					241:248	minimize	241:248	to minimize the implant failure	238:268	An effective approach to minimize the implant failure would be modifying the surface of the implant.
29109961	5	60	from	coatings	635:642	arg1	surface					654:660	the Ti surface	647:660	the Ti surface	647:660	The as-prepared coatings on the Ti surface were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle.
29109961	8	61	theme	cells	1176:1180	arg1	adhesion					1145:1152	adhesion	1145:1152	adhesion	1145:1152	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	8	61	theme	cells	1176:1180	arg1	spreading					1158:1166	spreading	1158:1166	spreading	1158:1166	The Ti/DOPA/SA/Sr exhibited little cytotoxicity and a robust effect of Sr incorporation on the adhesion and spreading of MG63 cells.
29109961	4	62	theme	Ti	466:467	arg1	surface					470:476	a titanium (Ti) surface	454:476	a titanium (Ti) surface	454:476	In this study, a titanium (Ti) surface was successively functionalized by covalently grafting dopamine, sodium alginate (SA), and Sr2+ via the electrostatic immobilization method.
26230155	10	0	theme	important	1130:1138	arg1	role					1140:1143	an important role	1127:1143	an important role	1127:1143	Naturally drug carriers play an important role in drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity.
26230155	11	1	theme	porous	1325:1330	arg1	microspheres					1346:1357	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1325:1357	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1325:1357	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	5	2	theme	equilibrium	590:600	arg1	content					608:614	equilibrium water content	590:614	equilibrium water content	590:614	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	15	3	theme	delivery	1828:1835	arg1	system					1837:1842	an effective delivery system	1815:1842	an effective delivery system in drug controlled release	1815:1869	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	11	4	theme	microspheres	1346:1357	arg1	capacity					1313:1320	the drug-loading capacity	1296:1320	the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1296:1357	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	8	5	theme	octyl	1018:1022	arg1	content					1024:1030	the octyl content	1014:1030	the octyl content	1014:1030	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	8	5	theme	octyl	1018:1022	arg1	mmol/g					1041:1046	2.25 mmol/g	1036:1046	2.25 mmol/g	1036:1046	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	11	6	used	used	1264:1267	arg2	model					1279:1283	a drug model	1272:1283	a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1272:1357	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	11	6	used	used	1264:1267	arg2	DOX					1255:1257	DOX	1255:1257	DOX	1255:1257	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	11	6	used	used	1264:1267	arg2	Doxorubicin					1242:1252	Doxorubicin	1242:1252	Doxorubicin (DOX)	1242:1258	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	3	7	theme	freezing-drying	402:416	arg1	method					418:423	freezing-drying method	402:423	freezing-drying method	402:423	Secondly, octyl-dextran microspheres were prepared by the reaction between dextran microspheres and ethylhexyl glycidyl ether and freezing-drying method.
26230155	4	8	theme	microspheres	446:457	arg1	structure					433:441	Porous structure	426:441	Porous structure of microspheres	426:457	Porous structure of microspheres was formed through the interaction between octyl groups and organic solvents.
26230155	14	9	theme	DOX	1647:1649	arg1	rate					1639:1642	The release rate	1627:1642	The release rate of DOX	1627:1649	The release rate of DOX increased as drug content and porosity increased.
26230155	14	10	theme	drug	1664:1667	arg1	content					1669:1675	drug content	1664:1675	drug content	1664:1675	The release rate of DOX increased as drug content and porosity increased.
26230155	14	11	theme	release	1631:1637	arg1	rate					1639:1642	The release rate	1627:1642	The release rate of DOX	1627:1649	The release rate of DOX increased as drug content and porosity increased.
26230155	9	12	theme	high	1083:1086	arg1	capacity					1088:1095	high capacity	1083:1095	high capacity	1083:1095	Octyl-dextran microspheres showed high capacity.
26230155	9	13	theme	Octyl-dextran	1049:1061	arg1	microspheres					1063:1074	Octyl-dextran microspheres	1049:1074	Octyl-dextran microspheres	1049:1074	Octyl-dextran microspheres showed high capacity.
26230155	10	14	theme	drug-delivery	1148:1160	arg1	systems					1162:1168	drug-delivery systems	1148:1168	drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity	1148:1239	Naturally drug carriers play an important role in drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity.
26230155	3	15	theme	octyl-dextran	282:294	arg1	microspheres					296:307	octyl-dextran microspheres	282:307	octyl-dextran microspheres	282:307	Secondly, octyl-dextran microspheres were prepared by the reaction between dextran microspheres and ethylhexyl glycidyl ether and freezing-drying method.
26230155	4	16	theme	Porous	426:431	arg1	structure					433:441	Porous structure	426:441	Porous structure of microspheres	426:457	Porous structure of microspheres was formed through the interaction between octyl groups and organic solvents.
26230155	15	17	theme	controlled	1852:1861	arg1	release					1863:1869	drug controlled release	1847:1869	drug controlled release	1847:1869	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	5	18	theme	dry	564:566	arg1	density					568:574	dry density	564:574	dry density	564:574	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	6	19	theme	octyl	691:695	arg1	content					697:703	The octyl content	687:703	The octyl content	687:703	The octyl content affected the properties of microspheres.
26230155	1	20	with	microspheres	113:124	arg1	properties					141:150	excellent properties	131:150	excellent properties	131:150	In this work, porous octyl-dextran microspheres with excellent properties were prepared by two steps.
26230155	5	21	theme	microspheres	640:651	arg1	structure					541:549	structure	541:549	structure	541:549	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	5	21	theme	microspheres	640:651	arg1	content					608:614	equilibrium water content	590:614	equilibrium water content	590:614	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	5	21	theme	microspheres	640:651	arg1	porosity					577:584	porosity	577:584	porosity	577:584	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	5	21	theme	microspheres	640:651	arg1	morphology					552:561	morphology	552:561	morphology	552:561	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	5	21	theme	microspheres	640:651	arg1	density					568:574	dry density	564:574	dry density	564:574	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	15	22	from	system	1837:1842	arg1	release					1863:1869	drug controlled release	1847:1869	drug controlled release	1847:1869	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	11	23	theme	drug-loading	1300:1311	arg1	capacity					1313:1320	the drug-loading capacity	1296:1320	the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1296:1357	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	12	24	theme	drug-loading	1364:1375	arg1	efficiency					1377:1386	The drug-loading efficiency	1360:1386	The drug-loading efficiency	1360:1386	The drug-loading efficiency increased with the increase in microspheres/drug ratio, while the encapsulation efficiency decreased.
26230155	10	25	theme	wide	1198:1201	arg1	sources					1217:1223	wide raw materials sources	1198:1223	wide raw materials sources	1198:1223	Naturally drug carriers play an important role in drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity.
26230155	8	26	theme	water	963:967	arg1	content					969:975	the equilibrium water content	947:975	the equilibrium water content	947:975	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	8	26	theme	water	963:967	arg1	Meanwhile					936:944	Meanwhile	936:944	Meanwhile	936:944	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	11	27	theme	octyl-dextran	1332:1344	arg1	microspheres					1346:1357	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1325:1357	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1325:1357	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	15	28	contain	have	1784:1787	arg2	potential					1793:1801	the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release	1789:1869	the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release	1789:1869	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	15	28	contain	have	1784:1787	arg1	microspheres					1737:1748	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1716:1748	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1716:1748	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	11	29	theme	drug	1274:1277	arg1	Doxorubicin					1242:1252	Doxorubicin	1242:1252	Doxorubicin (DOX)	1242:1258	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	11	29	theme	drug	1274:1277	arg1	model					1279:1283	a drug model	1272:1283	a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1272:1357	Doxorubicin (DOX) was used as a drug model to examine the drug-loading capacity of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	12	30	theme	microspheres/drug	1419:1435	arg1	ratio					1437:1441	microspheres/drug ratio	1419:1441	microspheres/drug ratio	1419:1441	The drug-loading efficiency increased with the increase in microspheres/drug ratio, while the encapsulation efficiency decreased.
26230155	1	31	theme	porous	92:97	arg1	microspheres					113:124	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	92:124	porous octyl-dextran microspheres with excellent properties	92:150	In this work, porous octyl-dextran microspheres with excellent properties were prepared by two steps.
26230155	8	32	theme	equilibrium	951:961	arg1	content					969:975	the equilibrium water content	947:975	the equilibrium water content	947:975	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	8	32	theme	equilibrium	951:961	arg1	Meanwhile					936:944	Meanwhile	936:944	Meanwhile	936:944	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	15	33	theme	porous	1716:1721	arg1	microspheres					1737:1748	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1716:1748	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1716:1748	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	7	34	dep	1.21	825:828	arg1	to					822:823	to	822:823	to	822:823	The results showed that the dry density of microspheres decreased from 2.35 to 1.21 g/ml, porosity increased from 80.68 to 95.05% with the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g.
26230155	1	35	theme	octyl-dextran	99:111	arg1	microspheres					113:124	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	92:124	porous octyl-dextran microspheres with excellent properties	92:150	In this work, porous octyl-dextran microspheres with excellent properties were prepared by two steps.
26230155	7	36	theme	octyl	885:889	arg1	content					891:897	the octyl content	881:897	the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g	881:933	The results showed that the dry density of microspheres decreased from 2.35 to 1.21 g/ml, porosity increased from 80.68 to 95.05% with the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g.
26230155	0	37	theme	microspheres	64:75	arg1	release					32:38	release	32:38	release of porous octyl-dextran microspheres	32:75	Preparation and drug controlled release of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	7	38	theme	microspheres	789:800	arg1	density					778:784	the dry density	770:784	the dry density of microspheres	770:800	The results showed that the dry density of microspheres decreased from 2.35 to 1.21 g/ml, porosity increased from 80.68 to 95.05% with the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g.
26230155	13	39	theme	encapsulation	1565:1577	arg1	efficiency					1579:1588	encapsulation efficiency	1565:1588	encapsulation efficiency	1565:1588	When microspheres/drug mass ratio was 4/1, the drug-loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were 10.20 and 51.00%, respectively.
26230155	7	40	theme	dry	774:776	arg1	density					778:784	the dry density	770:784	the dry density of microspheres	770:800	The results showed that the dry density of microspheres decreased from 2.35 to 1.21 g/ml, porosity increased from 80.68 to 95.05% with the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g.
26230155	2	41	theme	suspension	245:254	arg1	polymerization					256:269	reversed-phase suspension polymerization	230:269	reversed-phase suspension polymerization	230:269	Firstly, dextran microspheres were synthesized by reversed-phase suspension polymerization.
26230155	5	42	theme	water	602:606	arg1	content					608:614	equilibrium water content	590:614	equilibrium water content	590:614	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	0	43	theme	octyl-dextran	50:62	arg1	microspheres					64:75	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	43:75	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	43:75	Preparation and drug controlled release of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	4	44	theme	organic	519:525	arg1	solvents					527:534	organic solvents	519:534	organic solvents	519:534	Porous structure of microspheres was formed through the interaction between octyl groups and organic solvents.
26230155	2	45	theme	reversed-phase	230:243	arg1	polymerization					256:269	reversed-phase suspension polymerization	230:269	reversed-phase suspension polymerization	230:269	Firstly, dextran microspheres were synthesized by reversed-phase suspension polymerization.
26230155	0	46	theme	porous	43:48	arg1	microspheres					64:75	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	43:75	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	43:75	Preparation and drug controlled release of porous octyl-dextran microspheres.
26230155	10	47	theme	materials	1207:1215	arg1	sources					1217:1223	wide raw materials sources	1198:1223	wide raw materials sources	1198:1223	Naturally drug carriers play an important role in drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity.
26230155	3	48	theme	dextran	347:353	arg1	microspheres					355:366	dextran microspheres	347:366	dextran microspheres	347:366	Secondly, octyl-dextran microspheres were prepared by the reaction between dextran microspheres and ethylhexyl glycidyl ether and freezing-drying method.
26230155	10	49	theme	drug	1108:1111	arg1	carriers					1113:1120	Naturally drug carriers	1098:1120	Naturally drug carriers	1098:1120	Naturally drug carriers play an important role in drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity.
26230155	7	50	dep	2.28	923:926	arg1	to					920:921	to	920:921	to	920:921	The results showed that the dry density of microspheres decreased from 2.35 to 1.21 g/ml, porosity increased from 80.68 to 95.05% with the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g.
26230155	15	51	theme	drug	1847:1850	arg1	release					1863:1869	drug controlled release	1847:1869	drug controlled release	1847:1869	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	10	52	theme	raw	1203:1205	arg1	sources					1217:1223	wide raw materials sources	1198:1223	wide raw materials sources	1198:1223	Naturally drug carriers play an important role in drug-delivery systems for their biodegradability, wide raw materials sources and nontoxicity.
26230155	5	53	theme	octyl-dextran	626:638	arg1	microspheres					640:651	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	619:651	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	619:651	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	5	54	theme	porous	619:624	arg1	microspheres					640:651	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	619:651	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	619:651	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	1	55	theme	excellent	131:139	arg1	properties					141:150	excellent properties	131:150	excellent properties	131:150	In this work, porous octyl-dextran microspheres with excellent properties were prepared by two steps.
26230155	12	56	theme	encapsulation	1454:1466	arg1	efficiency					1468:1477	the encapsulation efficiency	1450:1477	the encapsulation efficiency	1450:1477	The drug-loading efficiency increased with the increase in microspheres/drug ratio, while the encapsulation efficiency decreased.
26230155	15	57	theme	octyl-dextran	1723:1735	arg1	microspheres					1737:1748	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1716:1748	porous octyl-dextran microspheres	1716:1748	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
26230155	4	58	theme	octyl	502:506	arg1	groups					508:513	octyl groups	502:513	octyl groups	502:513	Porous structure of microspheres was formed through the interaction between octyl groups and organic solvents.
26230155	8	59	theme	peak	989:992	arg1	value					994:998	a peak value	987:998	a peak value (90.18%)	987:1007	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	8	59	theme	peak	989:992	arg1	%					1006:1006	90.18%	1001:1006	90.18%	1001:1006	Meanwhile, the equilibrium water content presented a peak value (90.18%) when the octyl content was 2.25 mmol/g.
26230155	5	60	dep	structure	541:549	arg1	The					537:539	The	537:539	The	537:539	The structure, morphology, dry density, porosity and equilibrium water content of porous octyl-dextran microspheres were systematically investigated.
26230155	13	61	theme	drug-loading	1537:1548	arg1	efficiency					1550:1559	the drug-loading efficiency	1533:1559	the drug-loading efficiency	1533:1559	When microspheres/drug mass ratio was 4/1, the drug-loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were 10.20 and 51.00%, respectively.
26230155	13	61	theme	drug-loading	1537:1548	arg1	%					1610:1610	10.20 and 51.00%	1595:1610	10.20 and 51.00%	1595:1610	When microspheres/drug mass ratio was 4/1, the drug-loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were 10.20 and 51.00%, respectively.
26230155	6	62	theme	microspheres	732:743	arg1	properties					718:727	the properties	714:727	the properties of microspheres	714:743	The octyl content affected the properties of microspheres.
26230155	3	63	theme	ethylhexyl	372:381	arg1	ether					392:396	ethylhexyl glycidyl ether	372:396	ethylhexyl glycidyl ether	372:396	Secondly, octyl-dextran microspheres were prepared by the reaction between dextran microspheres and ethylhexyl glycidyl ether and freezing-drying method.
26230155	2	64	theme	dextran	189:195	arg1	microspheres					197:208	dextran microspheres	189:208	dextran microspheres	189:208	Firstly, dextran microspheres were synthesized by reversed-phase suspension polymerization.
26230155	13	65	theme	microspheres/drug	1495:1511	arg1	ratio					1518:1522	microspheres/drug mass ratio	1495:1522	microspheres/drug mass ratio	1495:1522	When microspheres/drug mass ratio was 4/1, the drug-loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were 10.20 and 51.00%, respectively.
26230155	12	66	from	increase	1407:1414	arg1	ratio					1437:1441	microspheres/drug ratio	1419:1441	microspheres/drug ratio	1419:1441	The drug-loading efficiency increased with the increase in microspheres/drug ratio, while the encapsulation efficiency decreased.
26230155	3	67	theme	glycidyl	383:390	arg1	ether					392:396	ethylhexyl glycidyl ether	372:396	ethylhexyl glycidyl ether	372:396	Secondly, octyl-dextran microspheres were prepared by the reaction between dextran microspheres and ethylhexyl glycidyl ether and freezing-drying method.
26230155	7	68	dep	95.05	869:873	arg1	to					866:867	to	866:867	to	866:867	The results showed that the dry density of microspheres decreased from 2.35 to 1.21 g/ml, porosity increased from 80.68 to 95.05% with the octyl content increasing from 0.49 to 2.28 mmol/g.
26230155	13	69	theme	mass	1513:1516	arg1	ratio					1518:1522	microspheres/drug mass ratio	1495:1522	microspheres/drug mass ratio	1495:1522	When microspheres/drug mass ratio was 4/1, the drug-loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency were 10.20 and 51.00%, respectively.
26230155	15	70	theme	effective	1818:1826	arg1	system					1837:1842	an effective delivery system	1815:1842	an effective delivery system in drug controlled release	1815:1869	In conclusion, porous octyl-dextran microspheres were synthesized successfully and have the potential to serve as an effective delivery system in drug controlled release.
24652712	11	0	theme	modified	1633:1640	arg1	candidate					1688:1696	an attractive candidate	1674:1696	an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1674:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	11	0	theme	modified	1633:1640	arg1	microcarriers					1652:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	5	1	theme	AMC-CS	687:692	arg1	morphology					673:682	morphology	673:682	morphology	673:682	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	5	1	theme	AMC-CS	687:692	arg1	characteristics					653:667	surface chemical characteristics	636:667	surface chemical characteristics	636:667	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	9	2	theme	cell	1414:1417	arg1	expansion					1419:1427	cell expansion	1414:1427	cell expansion	1414:1427	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	8	3	theme	pore	1181:1184	arg1	size					1186:1189	the pore size	1177:1189	the pore size	1177:1189	Micropore structures of AMC-CS were relatively disordered and the pore size ranged between 20 μm and 100 μm.
24652712	7	4	theme	size	1096:1099	arg1	distribution					1101:1112	a narrow size distribution	1087:1112	a narrow size distribution	1087:1112	Our data suggested that the size of AMC can be accurately modulated from 90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution.
24652712	4	5	theme	dispersant	602:611	arg1	concentration					565:577	the concentration	561:577	the concentration of alginate	561:589	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	5	theme	dispersant	602:611	arg1	dispersant					602:611	dispersant	602:611	dispersant	602:611	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	5	theme	dispersant	602:611	arg1	rate					626:629	stirring rate	617:629	stirring rate	617:629	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	5	theme	dispersant	602:611	arg1	amount					592:597	amount	592:597	amount of dispersant	592:611	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	5	theme	dispersant	602:611	arg1	alginate					582:589	alginate	582:589	alginate	582:589	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	0	6	theme	hepatocellular	109:122	arg1	cells					134:138	human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	103:138	human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	103:138	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	5	7	theme	surface	636:642	arg1	characteristics					653:667	surface chemical characteristics	636:667	surface chemical characteristics	636:667	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	11	8	theme	therapeutic	1734:1744	arg1	cells					1746:1750	therapeutic cells	1734:1750	therapeutic cells	1734:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	0	9	theme	human	103:107	arg1	cells					134:138	human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	103:138	human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	103:138	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	0	10	link	crosslinked	11:21	arg1	microcarriers					39:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	4	11	theme	stirring	617:624	arg1	rate					626:629	stirring rate	617:629	stirring rate	617:629	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	0	12	theme	cells	134:138	arg1	expansion					90:98	expansion	90:98	expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	90:138	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	6	13	theme	layer-by-layer	933:946	arg1	technology					948:957	layer-by-layer technology	933:957	layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility	933:990	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	5	14	theme	chemical	644:651	arg1	characteristics					653:667	surface chemical characteristics	636:667	surface chemical characteristics	636:667	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	7	15	with	μm	1079:1080	arg1	distribution					1101:1112	a narrow size distribution	1087:1112	a narrow size distribution	1087:1112	Our data suggested that the size of AMC can be accurately modulated from 90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution.
24652712	1	16	theme	large-scale	185:195	arg1	culture					197:203	the large-scale culture	181:203	the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells	181:232	Microcarrier is an essential matrix for the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells.
24652712	0	17	theme	carcinoma	124:132	arg1	cells					134:138	human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	103:138	human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	103:138	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	4	18	theme	AMC	522:524	arg1	size					514:517	The size	510:517	The size of AMC	510:524	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	6	19	theme	fibroblast	844:853	arg1	factor					862:867	heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor	830:867	heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	830:874	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	6	19	theme	fibroblast	844:853	arg1	bFGF					870:873	bFGF	870:873	bFGF	870:873	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	5	20	theme	electron	789:796	arg1	microscope					798:807	scanning electron microscope	780:807	scanning electron microscope	780:807	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	0	21	theme	crosslinked	11:21	arg1	microcarriers					39:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	6	22	theme	microcarriers	915:927	arg1	surface					904:910	the surface	900:910	the surface of microcarriers	900:927	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	6	23	theme	heparin/basic	830:842	arg1	factor					862:867	heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor	830:867	heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	830:874	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	6	23	theme	heparin/basic	830:842	arg1	bFGF					870:873	bFGF	870:873	bFGF	870:873	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	2	24	theme	freeze-drying	346:358	arg1	technology					360:369	microemulsion and freeze-drying technology	328:369	technology	360:369	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	8	25	theme	Micropore	1115:1123	arg1	structures					1125:1134	Micropore structures	1115:1134	Micropore structures of AMC-CS	1115:1144	Micropore structures of AMC-CS were relatively disordered and the pore size ranged between 20 μm and 100 μm.
24652712	3	26	theme	electrostatic	447:459	arg1	interactions					461:472	electrostatic interactions	447:472	electrostatic interactions	447:472	Moreover, chitosan was coated on the surface of microcarriers (AMC-CS) via electrostatic interactions to improve the mechanical strength.
24652712	3	27	theme	microcarriers	420:432	arg1	surface					409:415	the surface	405:415	the surface of microcarriers (AMC-CS)	405:441	Moreover, chitosan was coated on the surface of microcarriers (AMC-CS) via electrostatic interactions to improve the mechanical strength.
24652712	8	28	theme	AMC-CS	1139:1144	arg1	structures					1125:1134	Micropore structures	1115:1134	Micropore structures of AMC-CS	1115:1144	Micropore structures of AMC-CS were relatively disordered and the pore size ranged between 20 μm and 100 μm.
24652712	11	29	theme	large-scale	1706:1716	arg1	culture					1723:1729	the large-scale cell culture	1702:1729	the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1702:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	1	30	theme	anchorage-dependent	208:226	arg1	cells					228:232	anchorage-dependent cells	208:232	anchorage-dependent cells	208:232	Microcarrier is an essential matrix for the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells.
24652712	0	31	theme	porous	32:37	arg1	microcarriers					39:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	4	32	theme	alginate	582:589	arg1	concentration					565:577	the concentration	561:577	the concentration of alginate	561:589	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	32	theme	alginate	582:589	arg1	dispersant					602:611	dispersant	602:611	dispersant	602:611	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	32	theme	alginate	582:589	arg1	rate					626:629	stirring rate	617:629	stirring rate	617:629	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	32	theme	alginate	582:589	arg1	amount					592:597	amount	592:597	amount of dispersant	592:611	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	4	32	theme	alginate	582:589	arg1	alginate					582:589	alginate	582:589	alginate	582:589	The size of AMC can be modulated through adjusting the concentration of alginate, amount of dispersant and stirring rate.
24652712	5	33	theme	X-ray	742:746	arg1	spectroscopy					762:773	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	742:773	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	742:773	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	6	34	theme	growth	855:860	arg1	factor					862:867	heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor	830:867	heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	830:874	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	6	34	theme	growth	855:860	arg1	bFGF					870:873	bFGF	870:873	bFGF	870:873	Fibronectin (Fn) or heparin/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was then immobilized on the surface of microcarriers via layer-by-layer technology to improve the cytocompatibility.
24652712	2	35	theme	microemulsion	328:340	arg1	technology					360:369	microemulsion and freeze-drying technology	328:369	technology	360:369	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	1	36	theme	cells	228:232	arg1	culture					197:203	the large-scale culture	181:203	the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells	181:232	Microcarrier is an essential matrix for the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells.
24652712	0	37	theme	alginate	23:30	arg1	microcarriers					39:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers	0:51	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	9	38	theme	cells	1350:1354	arg1	rates					1335:1339	the proliferation rates	1317:1339	the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells	1317:1354	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	5	39	theme	photoelectron	748:760	arg1	spectroscopy					762:773	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	742:773	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	742:773	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	9	40	theme	minor	1460:1464	arg1	damage					1475:1480	minor cellular damage	1460:1480	minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers	1460:1508	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	10	41	theme	AMC	1525:1527	arg1	microcarriers					1529:1541	the AMC microcarriers	1521:1541	the AMC microcarriers modified with Fn or bFGF	1521:1566	Moreover, the AMC microcarriers modified with Fn or bFGF can increase albumin secretion of HepG2.
24652712	11	42	theme	AMC-based	1642:1650	arg1	candidate					1688:1696	an attractive candidate	1674:1696	an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1674:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	11	42	theme	AMC-based	1642:1650	arg1	microcarriers					1652:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	2	43	theme	cross-linked	259:270	arg1	AMC					303:305	AMC	303:305	AMC	303:305	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	2	43	theme	cross-linked	259:270	arg1	microcarriers					288:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers	250:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC)	250:306	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	10	44	theme	albumin	1581:1587	arg1	secretion					1589:1597	albumin secretion	1581:1597	albumin secretion of HepG2	1581:1606	Moreover, the AMC microcarriers modified with Fn or bFGF can increase albumin secretion of HepG2.
24652712	9	45	theme	cellular	1466:1473	arg1	damage					1475:1480	minor cellular damage	1460:1480	minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers	1460:1508	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	7	46	theme	narrow	1089:1094	arg1	distribution					1101:1112	a narrow size distribution	1087:1112	a narrow size distribution	1087:1112	Our data suggested that the size of AMC can be accurately modulated from 90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution.
24652712	2	47	theme	chemical	250:257	arg1	AMC					303:305	AMC	303:305	AMC	303:305	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	2	47	theme	chemical	250:257	arg1	microcarriers					288:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers	250:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC)	250:306	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	3	48	theme	mechanical	489:498	arg1	strength					500:507	the mechanical strength	485:507	the mechanical strength	485:507	Moreover, chitosan was coated on the surface of microcarriers (AMC-CS) via electrostatic interactions to improve the mechanical strength.
24652712	0	49	theme	bioactive	67:75	arg1	molecule					77:84	bioactive molecule	67:84	bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells	67:138	Chemically crosslinked alginate porous microcarriers modified with bioactive molecule for expansion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
24652712	7	50	dep	μm	1079:1080	arg1	to					1072:1073	to	1072:1073	to	1072:1073	Our data suggested that the size of AMC can be accurately modulated from 90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution.
24652712	9	51	theme	HepG2	1344:1348	arg1	cells					1350:1354	HepG2 cells	1344:1354	HepG2 cells	1344:1354	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	7	52	theme	μm	1069:1070	arg1	μm					1079:1080	90 μm to 900 μm	1066:1080	90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution	1066:1112	Our data suggested that the size of AMC can be accurately modulated from 90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution.
24652712	10	53	theme	HepG2	1602:1606	arg1	secretion					1589:1597	albumin secretion	1581:1597	albumin secretion of HepG2	1581:1606	Moreover, the AMC microcarriers modified with Fn or bFGF can increase albumin secretion of HepG2.
24652712	5	54	theme	transformed	720:730	arg1	Fourier					712:718	Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope	712:807	Fourier	712:718	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	11	55	theme	cell	1718:1721	arg1	culture					1723:1729	the large-scale cell culture	1702:1729	the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1702:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	9	56	theme	proliferation	1321:1333	arg1	rates					1335:1339	the proliferation rates	1317:1339	the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells	1317:1354	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	5	57	theme	infrared	732:739	arg1	Fourier					712:718	Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope	712:807	Fourier	712:718	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	11	58	theme	cells	1746:1750	arg1	culture					1723:1729	the large-scale cell culture	1702:1729	the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1702:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	9	59	theme	cell	1272:1275	arg1	AMC					1230:1232	AMC	1230:1232	AMC	1230:1232	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	9	59	theme	cell	1272:1275	arg1	microcarriers					1287:1299	the cell expansion microcarriers	1268:1299	the cell expansion microcarriers	1268:1299	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	9	60	theme	culture	1446:1452	arg1	days					1438:1441	10 days	1435:1441	10 days of culture	1435:1452	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	9	61	theme	expansion	1277:1285	arg1	AMC					1230:1232	AMC	1230:1232	AMC	1230:1232	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	9	61	theme	expansion	1277:1285	arg1	microcarriers					1287:1299	the cell expansion microcarriers	1268:1299	the cell expansion microcarriers	1268:1299	Using AMC after modified with Fn or bFGF as the cell expansion microcarriers, we showed that the proliferation rates of HepG2 cells increased significantly, reaching to more than 30-fold of cell expansion after 10 days of culture, with minor cellular damage caused by the microcarriers.
24652712	2	62	theme	porous	281:286	arg1	AMC					303:305	AMC	303:305	AMC	303:305	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	2	62	theme	porous	281:286	arg1	microcarriers					288:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers	250:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC)	250:306	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	1	63	theme	essential	160:168	arg1	matrix					170:175	an essential matrix	157:175	an essential matrix for the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells	157:232	Microcarrier is an essential matrix for the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells.
24652712	1	63	theme	essential	160:168	arg1	Microcarrier					141:152	Microcarrier	141:152	Microcarrier	141:152	Microcarrier is an essential matrix for the large-scale culture of anchorage-dependent cells.
24652712	2	64	link	cross-linked	259:270	arg1	AMC					303:305	AMC	303:305	AMC	303:305	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	2	64	link	cross-linked	259:270	arg1	microcarriers					288:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers	250:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC)	250:306	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	5	65	dep	characteristics	653:667	arg1	The					632:634	The	632:634	The	632:634	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24652712	11	66	theme	new	1629:1631	arg1	candidate					1688:1696	an attractive candidate	1674:1696	an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1674:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	11	66	theme	new	1629:1631	arg1	microcarriers					1652:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	2	67	theme	alginate	272:279	arg1	AMC					303:305	AMC	303:305	AMC	303:305	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	2	67	theme	alginate	272:279	arg1	microcarriers					288:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers	250:300	chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC)	250:306	In this study, chemical cross-linked alginate porous microcarriers (AMC) were prepared using microemulsion and freeze-drying technology.
24652712	7	68	theme	AMC	1029:1031	arg1	size					1021:1024	the size	1017:1024	the size of AMC	1017:1031	Our data suggested that the size of AMC can be accurately modulated from 90 μm to 900 μm with a narrow size distribution.
24652712	11	69	theme	attractive	1677:1686	arg1	candidate					1688:1696	an attractive candidate	1674:1696	an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells	1674:1750	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	11	69	theme	attractive	1677:1686	arg1	microcarriers					1652:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	our new modified AMC-based microcarriers	1625:1664	We suggest that our new modified AMC-based microcarriers will be an attractive candidate for the large-scale cell culture of therapeutic cells.
24652712	5	70	theme	scanning	780:787	arg1	microscope					798:807	scanning electron microscope	780:807	scanning electron microscope	780:807	The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of AMC-CS were evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope.
24632738	8	0	theme	Langerin	1709:1716	arg1	mice					1735:1738	Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice	1709:1738	Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice	1709:1738	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	8	1	theme	E-GFP	1718:1722	arg1	mice					1735:1738	Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice	1709:1738	Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice	1709:1738	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	6	2	theme	GP-containing	1121:1133	arg1	DCs					1135:1137	the GP-containing DCs	1117:1137	the GP-containing DCs	1117:1137	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	3	3	theme	CD11c+	640:645	arg1	DCs					647:649	CD11c+ DCs	640:649	CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	640:709	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	8	4	theme	transgenic	1724:1733	arg1	mice					1735:1738	Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice	1709:1738	Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice	1709:1738	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	6	5	dep	negative	1225:1232	arg1	DN					1235:1236	DN	1235:1236	DN	1235:1236	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	1	6	theme	hollow	156:161	arg1	particles					129:137	Glucan particles	122:137	Glucan particles (GPs)	122:143	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	6	theme	hollow	156:161	arg1	shells					171:176	2-4 μm hollow, porous shells	149:176	2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	149:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	6	7	theme	Phenotypic	1086:1095	arg1	analysis					1097:1104	Phenotypic analysis	1086:1104	Phenotypic analysis	1086:1104	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	10	8	theme	antigen	2079:2085	arg1	presentation					2087:2098	antigen presentation	2079:2098	antigen presentation	2079:2098	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	2	9	theme	GPs	481:483	arg1	fate					469:472	the fate	465:472	the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)	465:533	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	7	10	theme	receptors	1286:1294	arg1	survey					1262:1267	A survey	1260:1267	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa	1260:1366	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	10	11	theme	Future	1993:1998	arg1	studies					2000:2006	Future studies	1993:2006	Future studies	1993:2006	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	5	12	with	administration	845:858	arg1	nanoparticles					932:944	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	12	with	administration	845:858	arg1	GPs					895:897	differentially labeled GPs	872:897	differentially labeled GPs	872:897	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	3	13	theme	situated	651:658	arg1	DCs					647:649	CD11c+ DCs	640:649	CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	640:709	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	1	14	theme	protein	336:342	arg1	antigens					344:351	protein antigens	336:351	protein antigens	336:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	7	15	theme	C-type	1272:1277	arg1	CLRs					1297:1300	CLRs	1297:1300	CLRs	1297:1300	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	15	theme	C-type	1272:1277	arg1	receptors					1286:1294	C-type lectin receptors	1272:1294	C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa	1272:1366	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	8	16	dep	SED	1649:1651	arg1	determined					1656:1665	determined	1656:1665	determined by immunofluorescence	1656:1687	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	3	17	theme	dome	692:695	arg1	regions					703:709	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	663:709	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	663:709	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	2	18	theme	lymphoid	512:519	arg1	GALT					529:532	GALT	529:532	GALT	529:532	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	2	18	theme	lymphoid	512:519	arg1	tissue					521:526	gut-associated lymphoid tissue	497:526	gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)	497:533	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	3	19	theme	patch	671:675	arg1	SED					698:700	SED	698:700	SED	698:700	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	3	19	theme	patch	671:675	arg1	dome					692:695	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome	663:695	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	663:709	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	1	20	theme	Glucan	122:127	arg1	particles					129:137	Glucan particles	122:137	Glucan particles (GPs)	122:143	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	20	theme	Glucan	122:127	arg1	shells					171:176	2-4 μm hollow, porous shells	149:176	2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	149:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	20	theme	Glucan	122:127	arg1	GPs					140:142	GPs	140:142	GPs	140:142	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	5	21	theme	SED	968:970	arg1	capable					1005:1011	capable	1005:1011	capable	1005:1011	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	21	theme	SED	968:970	arg1	subpopulation					975:987	the SED DC subpopulation	964:987	the SED DC subpopulation in question	964:999	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	7	22	with	CLR	1442:1444	arg1	specificity					1451:1461	specificity	1451:1461	specificity for β-D-glucan	1451:1476	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	2	23	theme	patch	450:454	arg1	cells					458:462	Peyer's patch M cells	442:462	Peyer's patch M cells	442:462	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	9	24	theme	other	1844:1848	arg1	micro/nanoparticles					1850:1868	other micro/nanoparticles	1844:1868	other micro/nanoparticles	1844:1868	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	1	25	theme	small	303:307	arg1	molecules					309:317	small molecules	303:317	small molecules	303:317	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	9	26	theme	Langerin	1983:1990	arg1	expression					1969:1978	their expression	1963:1978	their expression of Langerin	1963:1990	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	5	27	theme	sizes	1053:1057	arg1	particles					1030:1038	internalizing particles	1016:1038	internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions	1016:1083	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	6	28	theme	myeloid	1203:1209	arg1	s					1246:1246	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s)	1189:1247	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs	1189:1257	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	6	28	theme	myeloid	1203:1209	arg1	they					1180:1183	they	1180:1183	they	1180:1183	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	7	29	theme	pathogens	1562:1570	arg1	range					1543:1547	a wide range	1536:1547	a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi	1536:1609	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	29	theme	pathogens	1562:1570	arg1	bacteria					1583:1590	bacteria	1583:1590	bacteria	1583:1590	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	29	theme	pathogens	1562:1570	arg1	fungi					1605:1609	fungi	1605:1609	fungi	1605:1609	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	29	theme	pathogens	1562:1570	arg1	viruses					1593:1599	viruses	1593:1599	viruses	1593:1599	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	10	30	theme	antigen	2058:2064	arg1	sampling					2066:2073	antigen sampling	2058:2073	antigen sampling	2058:2073	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	5	31	dep	co-administration	813:829	arg1	The					809:811	The	809:811	The	809:811	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	8	32	theme	DCs	1638:1640	arg1	presence					1616:1623	The presence	1612:1623	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence	1612:1687	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	3	33	from	situated	651:658	arg1	regions					703:709	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	663:709	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	663:709	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	10	34	theme	Langerin	2046:2053	arg1	role					2038:2041	the role	2034:2041	the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation	2034:2098	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	0	35	theme	β-glucan	97:104	arg1	microparticles					106:119	sampling β-glucan microparticles	88:119	sampling β-glucan microparticles	88:119	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches involved in sampling β-glucan microparticles.
24632738	5	36	theme	internalizing	1016:1028	arg1	particles					1030:1038	internalizing particles	1016:1038	internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions	1016:1083	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	7	37	theme	wide	1538:1541	arg1	range					1543:1547	a wide range	1536:1547	a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi	1536:1609	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	37	theme	wide	1538:1541	arg1	bacteria					1583:1590	bacteria	1583:1590	bacteria	1583:1590	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	37	theme	wide	1538:1541	arg1	fungi					1605:1609	fungi	1605:1609	fungi	1605:1609	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	37	theme	wide	1538:1541	arg1	viruses					1593:1599	viruses	1593:1599	viruses	1593:1599	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	9	38	theme	DCs	1906:1908	arg1	population					1888:1897	a population	1886:1897	a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin	1886:1990	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	1	39	theme	wide	269:272	arg1	DNA					327:329	DNA	327:329	DNA	327:329	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	39	theme	wide	269:272	arg1	range					274:278	a wide range	267:278	a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	267:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	39	theme	wide	269:272	arg1	siRNA					320:324	siRNA	320:324	siRNA	320:324	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	39	theme	wide	269:272	arg1	molecules					309:317	small molecules	303:317	small molecules	303:317	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	39	theme	wide	269:272	arg1	antigens					344:351	protein antigens	336:351	protein antigens	336:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	5	40	theme	GPs	863:865	arg1	co-administration					813:829	co-administration	813:829	co-administration	813:829	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	40	theme	GPs	863:865	arg1	administration					845:858	sequential administration	834:858	sequential administration	834:858	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	0	41	theme	dendritic	34:42	arg1	cells					44:48	Langerin-positive dendritic cells	16:48	Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches	16:74	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches involved in sampling β-glucan microparticles.
24632738	5	42	theme	material	1063:1070	arg1	compositions					1072:1083	material compositions	1063:1083	material compositions	1063:1083	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	2	43	theme	GPs	423:425	arg1	transport					410:418	the transepithelial transport	390:418	the transepithelial transport of GPs	390:425	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	3	44	from	regions	703:709	arg1	situated					651:658	situated	651:658	situated	651:658	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	9	45	theme	patch	1943:1947	arg1	subsets					1952:1958	other Peyer's patch DC subsets	1929:1958	other Peyer's patch DC subsets	1929:1958	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	7	46	theme	GP-containing	1382:1394	arg1	DCs					1400:1402	GP-containing SED DCs	1382:1402	GP-containing SED DCs	1382:1402	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	5	47	theme	poly	902:905	arg1	nanoparticles					932:944	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	3	48	theme	labeled	583:589	arg1	GPs					591:593	fluorescently labeled GPs	569:593	fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage	569:624	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	5	49	theme	lactic-co-glycolic	907:924	arg1	poly					902:905	poly	902:905	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	49	theme	lactic-co-glycolic	907:924	arg1	acid					926:929	lactic-co-glycolic acid	907:929	lactic-co-glycolic acid	907:929	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	50	theme	compositions	1072:1083	arg1	particles					1030:1038	internalizing particles	1016:1038	internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions	1016:1083	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	6	51	theme	negative	1225:1232	arg1	s					1246:1246	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s)	1189:1247	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs	1189:1257	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	6	51	theme	negative	1225:1232	arg1	they					1180:1183	they	1180:1183	they	1180:1183	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	7	52	theme	intestinal	1350:1359	arg1	mucosa					1361:1366	the intestinal mucosa	1346:1366	the intestinal mucosa	1346:1366	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	1	53	theme	oral	241:244	arg1	targeted-delivery					246:262	oral targeted-delivery	241:262	oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	241:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	6	54	theme	so-called	1193:1201	arg1	s					1246:1246	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s)	1189:1247	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs	1189:1257	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	6	54	theme	so-called	1193:1201	arg1	they					1180:1183	they	1180:1183	they	1180:1183	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	1	55	theme	μm	153:154	arg1	particles					129:137	Glucan particles	122:137	Glucan particles (GPs)	122:143	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	55	theme	μm	153:154	arg1	shells					171:176	2-4 μm hollow, porous shells	149:176	2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	149:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	8	56	from	presence	1616:1623	arg1	SED					1649:1651	SED	1649:1651	SED	1649:1651	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	10	57	theme	GALT	2126:2129	arg1	context					2111:2117	the context	2107:2117	the context of the GALT	2107:2129	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	9	58	theme	cell-mediated	1794:1806	arg1	transport					1824:1832	M cell-mediated transepithelial transport	1792:1832	M cell-mediated transepithelial transport	1792:1832	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	7	59	theme	lectin	1279:1284	arg1	CLRs					1297:1300	CLRs	1297:1300	CLRs	1297:1300	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	59	theme	lectin	1279:1284	arg1	receptors					1286:1294	C-type lectin receptors	1272:1294	C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa	1272:1366	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	10	60	from	role	2038:2041	arg1	sampling					2066:2073	antigen sampling	2058:2073	antigen sampling	2058:2073	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	10	60	from	role	2038:2041	arg1	presentation					2087:2098	antigen presentation	2079:2098	antigen presentation	2079:2098	Future studies will be aimed at defining the role of Langerin in antigen sampling and antigen presentation within the context of the GALT.
24632738	6	61	theme	subset	1239:1244	arg1	s					1246:1246	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s)	1189:1247	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs	1189:1257	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	6	61	theme	subset	1239:1244	arg1	they					1180:1183	they	1180:1183	they	1180:1183	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	2	62	theme	gut-associated	497:510	arg1	GALT					529:532	GALT	529:532	GALT	529:532	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	2	62	theme	gut-associated	497:510	arg1	tissue					521:526	gut-associated lymphoid tissue	497:526	gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)	497:533	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	3	63	theme	sub-epithelial	677:690	arg1	SED					698:700	SED	698:700	SED	698:700	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	3	63	theme	sub-epithelial	677:690	arg1	dome					692:695	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome	663:695	Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions	663:709	Here we report that fluorescently labeled GPs administered to mice by gavage accumulate in CD11c+ DCs situated in Peyer's patch sub-epithelial dome (SED) regions.
24632738	5	64	theme	DC	972:973	arg1	capable					1005:1011	capable	1005:1011	capable	1005:1011	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	64	theme	DC	972:973	arg1	subpopulation					975:987	the SED DC subpopulation	964:987	the SED DC subpopulation in question	964:999	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	8	65	theme	Langerin+	1628:1636	arg1	DCs					1638:1640	Langerin+ DCs	1628:1640	Langerin+ DCs	1628:1640	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	5	66	theme	different	1043:1051	arg1	sizes					1053:1057	different sizes	1043:1057	different sizes	1043:1057	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	0	67	theme	sampling	88:95	arg1	microparticles					106:119	sampling β-glucan microparticles	88:119	sampling β-glucan microparticles	88:119	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches involved in sampling β-glucan microparticles.
24632738	6	68	theme	DCs	1255:1257	arg1	s					1246:1246	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s)	1189:1247	the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs	1189:1257	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	6	68	theme	DCs	1255:1257	arg1	they					1180:1183	they	1180:1183	they	1180:1183	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	5	69	theme	labeled	887:893	arg1	GPs					895:897	differentially labeled GPs	872:897	differentially labeled GPs	872:897	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	7	70	theme	microbial	1552:1560	arg1	viruses					1593:1599	viruses	1593:1599	viruses	1593:1599	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	70	theme	microbial	1552:1560	arg1	pathogens					1562:1570	microbial pathogens	1552:1570	microbial pathogens	1552:1570	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	70	theme	microbial	1552:1560	arg1	bacteria					1583:1590	bacteria	1583:1590	bacteria	1583:1590	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	7	70	theme	microbial	1552:1560	arg1	fungi					1605:1609	fungi	1605:1609	fungi	1605:1609	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	2	71	theme	M	456:456	arg1	cells					458:462	Peyer's patch M cells	442:462	Peyer's patch M cells	442:462	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	5	72	from	subpopulation	975:987	arg1	question					992:999	question	992:999	question	992:999	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	73	theme	particles	1030:1038	arg1	capable					1005:1011	capable	1005:1011	capable	1005:1011	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	73	theme	particles	1030:1038	arg1	subpopulation					975:987	the SED DC subpopulation	964:987	the SED DC subpopulation in question	964:999	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	74	theme	sequential	834:843	arg1	administration					845:858	sequential administration	834:858	sequential administration	834:858	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	7	75	theme	range	1543:1547	arg1	internalization					1517:1531	the internalization	1513:1531	the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi	1513:1609	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
24632738	2	76	theme	transepithelial	394:408	arg1	transport					410:418	the transepithelial transport	390:418	the transepithelial transport of GPs	390:425	While it has been demonstrated that the transepithelial transport of GPs is mediated by Peyer's patch M cells, the fate of the GPs once within gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is not known.
24632738	9	77	theme	SED	1902:1904	arg1	DCs					1906:1908	SED DCs	1902:1908	SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin	1902:1990	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	5	78	with	co-administration	813:829	arg1	nanoparticles					932:944	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles	902:944	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	5	78	with	co-administration	813:829	arg1	GPs					895:897	differentially labeled GPs	872:897	differentially labeled GPs	872:897	The co-administration or sequential administration of GPs with differentially labeled GPs or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles demonstrated that the SED DC subpopulation in question was capable of internalizing particles of different sizes and material compositions.
24632738	0	79	theme	Langerin-positive	16:32	arg1	cells					44:48	Langerin-positive dendritic cells	16:48	Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches	16:74	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches involved in sampling β-glucan microparticles.
24632738	8	80	attach	presence	1616:1623	arg2	DCs					1638:1640	Langerin+ DCs	1628:1640	Langerin+ DCs	1628:1640	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	8	80	attach	presence	1616:1623	arg1	SED					1649:1651	SED	1649:1651	SED	1649:1651	The presence of Langerin+ DCs in the SED as determined by immunofluorescence was confirmed using Langerin E-GFP transgenic mice.
24632738	9	81	theme	transepithelial	1808:1822	arg1	transport					1824:1832	M cell-mediated transepithelial transport	1792:1832	M cell-mediated transepithelial transport	1792:1832	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	0	82	theme	cells	44:48	arg1	population					2:11	A population	0:11	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches	0:74	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches involved in sampling β-glucan microparticles.
24632738	1	83	theme	range	274:278	arg1	targeted-delivery					246:262	oral targeted-delivery	241:262	oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	241:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	9	84	theme	other	1929:1933	arg1	subsets					1952:1958	other Peyer's patch DC subsets	1929:1958	other Peyer's patch DC subsets	1929:1958	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	6	85	theme	PP	1252:1253	arg1	DCs					1255:1257	PP DCs	1252:1257	PP DCs	1252:1257	Phenotypic analysis identified the GP-containing DCs as being CD8α- and CD11blo/-, suggesting they are the so-called myeloid and/or double negative (DN) subset(s) of PP DCs.
24632738	0	86	theme	murine	53:58	arg1	patches					68:74	murine Peyer's patches	53:74	murine Peyer's patches	53:74	A population of Langerin-positive dendritic cells in murine Peyer's patches involved in sampling β-glucan microparticles.
24632738	1	87	theme	payloads	283:290	arg1	DNA					327:329	DNA	327:329	DNA	327:329	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	87	theme	payloads	283:290	arg1	range					274:278	a wide range	267:278	a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	267:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	87	theme	payloads	283:290	arg1	siRNA					320:324	siRNA	320:324	siRNA	320:324	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	87	theme	payloads	283:290	arg1	molecules					309:317	small molecules	303:317	small molecules	303:317	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	87	theme	payloads	283:290	arg1	antigens					344:351	protein antigens	336:351	protein antigens	336:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	88	used	used	232:235	arg2	1,3-β-D-glucan					190:203	1,3-β-D-glucan	190:203	1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens	190:351	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	1	89	dep	hollow	156:161	arg1	porous					164:169	porous	164:169	porous	164:169	Glucan particles (GPs) are 2-4 μm hollow, porous shells composed of 1,3-β-D-glucan that have been effectively used for oral targeted-delivery of a wide range of payloads, including small molecules, siRNA, DNA, and protein antigens.
24632738	9	90	theme	DC	1949:1950	arg1	subsets					1952:1958	other Peyer's patch DC subsets	1929:1958	other Peyer's patch DC subsets	1929:1958	In summary, our results demonstrate that following M cell-mediated transepithelial transport, GPs (and other micro/nanoparticles) are sampled by a population of SED DCs distinguished from other Peyer's patch DC subsets by their expression of Langerin.
24632738	7	91	theme	SED	1396:1398	arg1	DCs					1400:1402	GP-containing SED DCs	1382:1402	GP-containing SED DCs	1382:1402	A survey of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) known to be expressed by leukocytes within the intestinal mucosa revealed that GP-containing SED DCs were positive for Langerin (CD207), a CLR with specificity for β-D-glucan and that has been shown to mediate the internalization of a wide range of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi.
26354242	0	0	theme	quantum	89:95	arg1	dots					97:100	quantum dots	89:100	quantum dots	89:100	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	1	1	theme	carboxylated	351:362	arg1	film					417:420	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	2	2	theme	FTIR	634:637	arg1	spectroscopy					640:651	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	623:651	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	623:651	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	3	3	theme	stripping	750:758	arg1	response					760:767	optimum anodic stripping response	735:767	optimum anodic stripping response	735:767	The sensor showed optimum anodic stripping response within 90s at an accumulation potential of 0.75V.
26354242	1	4	theme	warfarin	267:274	arg1	sensor					276:281	a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor	243:281	a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode	243:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	2	5	theme	field-emission	511:524	arg1	FE-SEM					556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	5	theme	field-emission	511:524	arg1	microscopy					544:553	field-emission scanning electron microscopy	511:553	field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)	511:562	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	1	6	theme	multiwalled	364:374	arg1	CS					403:404	CS	403:404	CS	403:404	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	6	theme	multiwalled	364:374	arg1	nanotubes/chitosan					383:400	multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan	364:400	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	7	theme	carbon	449:454	arg1	electrode					456:464	a glassy carbon electrode	440:464	a glassy carbon electrode	440:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	8	theme	sensor	276:281	arg1	construction					227:238	the construction	223:238	the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode	223:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	9	theme	carbon	376:381	arg1	CS					403:404	CS	403:404	CS	403:404	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	9	theme	carbon	376:381	arg1	nanotubes/chitosan					383:400	multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan	364:400	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	2	10	theme	infra-red	623:631	arg1	spectroscopy					640:651	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	623:651	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	623:651	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	1	11	theme	electrode	456:464	arg1	surface					429:435	the surface	425:435	the surface of a glassy carbon electrode	425:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	2	12	theme	scanning	526:533	arg1	FE-SEM					556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	12	theme	scanning	526:533	arg1	microscopy					544:553	field-emission scanning electron microscopy	511:553	field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)	511:562	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	0	13	theme	dots	97:100	arg1	immobilization					71:84	covalent immobilization	62:84	covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film	62:175	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	1	14	theme	nanotubes/chitosan	383:400	arg1	film					417:420	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	4	15	theme	wide	898:901	arg1	range					910:914	a wide linear range	896:914	a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM	896:968	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	0	16	theme	multiwalled	120:130	arg1	nanotubes					139:147	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes	107:147	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes	107:147	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	2	17	theme	XRD	654:656	arg1	analysis					658:665	XRD analysis	654:665	XRD analysis	654:665	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	5	18	contain	has	991:993	arg2	repeatability					1019:1031	repeatability	1019:1031	repeatability	1019:1031	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	5	18	contain	has	991:993	arg2	stability					1008:1016	good storage stability	995:1016	good storage stability	995:1016	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	5	18	contain	has	991:993	arg1	sensor					984:989	The proposed sensor	971:989	The proposed sensor	971:989	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	5	18	contain	has	991:993	arg2	reproducibility					1037:1051	reproducibility	1037:1051	reproducibility	1037:1051	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	0	19	theme	carboxylated	107:118	arg1	nanotubes					139:147	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes	107:147	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes	107:147	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	3	20	theme	optimum	735:741	arg1	response					760:767	optimum anodic stripping response	735:767	optimum anodic stripping response	735:767	The sensor showed optimum anodic stripping response within 90s at an accumulation potential of 0.75V.
26354242	2	21	dep	Fourier	605:611	arg1	transform					613:621	transform	613:621	transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy	613:651	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	4	22	theme	limit	946:950	arg1	range					910:914	a wide linear range	896:914	a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM	896:968	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	0	23	theme	electrochemical	3:17	arg1	sensor					19:24	An electrochemical sensor	0:24	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film	0:175	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	3	24	theme	anodic	743:748	arg1	response					760:767	optimum anodic stripping response	735:767	optimum anodic stripping response	735:767	The sensor showed optimum anodic stripping response within 90s at an accumulation potential of 0.75V.
26354242	4	25	theme	warfarin	882:889	arg1	concentration					865:877	the concentration	861:877	the concentration of warfarin	861:889	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	5	26	dep	such	1132:1135	arg1	as					1137:1138	as	1137:1138	as	1137:1138	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	4	27	used	used	846:849	arg2	electrode					832:840	The modified electrode	819:840	The modified electrode	819:840	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	2	28	theme	electron	578:585	arg1	microscopy					587:596	transmission electron microscopy	565:596	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	565:602	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	28	theme	electron	578:585	arg1	TEM					599:601	TEM	599:601	TEM	599:601	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	1	29	theme	covalent	292:299	arg1	immobilization					301:314	covalent immobilization	292:314	covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	292:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	2	30	theme	impedance	687:695	arg1	EIS					711:713	EIS	711:713	EIS	711:713	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	30	theme	impedance	687:695	arg1	spectroscopy					697:708	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	671:708	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	671:714	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	0	31	theme	carbon	132:137	arg1	nanotubes					139:147	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes	107:147	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes	107:147	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	1	32	theme	composite	407:415	arg1	film					417:420	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	351:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	33	theme	CdS-quantum	319:329	arg1	CdS-QDs					337:343	CdS-QDs	337:343	CdS-QDs	337:343	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	33	theme	CdS-quantum	319:329	arg1	dots					331:334	CdS-quantum dots	319:334	CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs)	319:344	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	0	34	theme	chitosan	153:160	arg1	film					172:175	chitosan composite film	153:175	chitosan composite film	153:175	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	5	35	theme	storage	1000:1006	arg1	stability					1008:1016	good storage stability	995:1016	good storage stability	995:1016	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	0	36	theme	warfarin	30:37	arg1	determination					39:51	warfarin determination	30:51	warfarin determination	30:51	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	1	37	theme	dots	331:334	arg1	immobilization					301:314	covalent immobilization	292:314	covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film	292:420	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	2	38	theme	transmission	565:576	arg1	microscopy					587:596	transmission electron microscopy	565:596	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	565:602	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	38	theme	transmission	565:576	arg1	TEM					599:601	TEM	599:601	TEM	599:601	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	3	39	theme	0.75V	812:816	arg1	potential					799:807	an accumulation potential	783:807	an accumulation potential of 0.75V	783:816	The sensor showed optimum anodic stripping response within 90s at an accumulation potential of 0.75V.
26354242	2	40	theme	electron	535:542	arg1	FE-SEM					556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	40	theme	electron	535:542	arg1	microscopy					544:553	field-emission scanning electron microscopy	511:553	field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)	511:562	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	5	41	theme	warfarin	1107:1114	arg1	determination					1090:1102	the determination	1086:1102	the determination of warfarin	1086:1114	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	4	42	theme	detection	936:944	arg1	S/N=3					953:957	S/N=3	953:957	S/N=3	953:957	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	4	42	theme	detection	936:944	arg1	limit					946:950	a detection limit	934:950	a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM	934:968	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	3	43	theme	accumulation	786:797	arg1	potential					799:807	an accumulation potential	783:807	an accumulation potential of 0.75V	783:816	The sensor showed optimum anodic stripping response within 90s at an accumulation potential of 0.75V.
26354242	0	44	theme	composite	162:170	arg1	film					172:175	chitosan composite film	153:175	chitosan composite film	153:175	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	4	45	theme	linear	903:908	arg1	range					910:914	a wide linear range	896:914	a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM	896:968	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	5	46	theme	good	995:998	arg1	stability					1008:1016	good storage stability	995:1016	good storage stability	995:1016	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	4	47	theme	μM	927:928	arg1	range					910:914	a wide linear range	896:914	a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM	896:968	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	5	48	theme	proposed	975:982	arg1	sensor					984:989	The proposed sensor	971:989	The proposed sensor	971:989	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	2	49	theme	electrochemical	671:685	arg1	EIS					711:713	EIS	711:713	EIS	711:713	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	2	49	theme	electrochemical	671:685	arg1	spectroscopy					697:708	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	671:708	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	671:714	The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26354242	4	50	theme	nM	967:968	arg1	μM					927:928	0.05-80 μM	919:928	0.05-80 μM	919:928	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	4	50	theme	nM	967:968	arg1	S/N=3					953:957	S/N=3	953:957	S/N=3	953:957	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	4	50	theme	nM	967:968	arg1	limit					946:950	a detection limit	934:950	a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM	934:968	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	1	51	theme	glassy	442:447	arg1	electrode					456:464	a glassy carbon electrode	440:464	a glassy carbon electrode	440:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	1	52	theme	novel	245:249	arg1	sensor					276:281	a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor	243:281	a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode	243:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
26354242	0	53	theme	covalent	62:69	arg1	immobilization					71:84	covalent immobilization	62:84	covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film	62:175	An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode.
26354242	5	54	theme	real	1119:1122	arg1	samples					1124:1130	real samples	1119:1130	real samples such as urine, serum and milk	1119:1160	The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.
26354242	4	55	theme	modified	823:830	arg1	electrode					832:840	The modified electrode	819:840	The modified electrode	819:840	The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM.
26354242	1	56	theme	electrochemical	251:265	arg1	sensor					276:281	a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor	243:281	a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode	243:464	A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode.
28079170	8	0	theme	morbidity	1422:1430	arg1	protective					1408:1417	protective	1408:1417	protective	1408:1417	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	5	1	theme	infant	823:828	arg1	health					830:835	infant health	823:835	infant health	823:835	Because HMOs, gut microbiota, and infant health are interrelated, the relationship between infant health and their microbiome were analyzed.
28079170	1	2	theme	beneficial	218:227	arg1	bacteria					233:240	beneficial gut bacteria	218:240	beneficial gut bacteria	218:240	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	0	3	theme	Milk	67:70	arg1	Oligosaccharides					72:87	Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides	58:87	Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides	58:87	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	1	4	theme	gut	229:231	arg1	bacteria					233:240	beneficial gut bacteria	218:240	beneficial gut bacteria	218:240	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	0	5	theme	Infant	93:98	arg1	Microbiota					104:113	Infant Gut Microbiota	93:113	Infant Gut Microbiota	93:113	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	7	6	theme	dry	1269:1271	arg1	season					1273:1278	the dry season	1265:1278	the dry season (November to June)	1265:1297	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	6	7	from	genus	969:973	arg1	gut					989:991	the infant gut	978:991	the infant gut overall	978:999	While bifidobacteria were the dominant genus in the infant gut overall, Dialister and Prevotella were negatively correlated with morbidity, and Bacteroides was increased in infants with abnormal calprotectin.
28079170	6	8	theme	abnormal	1116:1123	arg1	calprotectin					1125:1136	abnormal calprotectin	1116:1136	abnormal calprotectin	1116:1136	While bifidobacteria were the dominant genus in the infant gut overall, Dialister and Prevotella were negatively correlated with morbidity, and Bacteroides was increased in infants with abnormal calprotectin.
28079170	3	9	theme	infant	432:437	arg1	microbiota					443:452	infant gut microbiota	432:452	infant gut microbiota	432:452	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	3	10	theme	gut	439:441	arg1	microbiota					443:452	infant gut microbiota	432:452	infant gut microbiota	432:452	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	4	11	theme	weight-for-age	773:786	arg1	indicator					753:761	a good indicator	746:761	a good indicator of infant weight-for-age	746:786	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	4	11	theme	weight-for-age	773:786	arg1	3'-sialyllactose					713:728	3'-sialyllactose	713:728	3'-sialyllactose	713:728	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	7	12	dep	November	1281:1288	arg1	to					1290:1291	to	1290:1291	to	1290:1291	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	7	12	dep	November	1281:1288	arg1	June					1293:1296	June	1293:1296	June	1293:1296	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	2	13	theme	infants	352:358	arg1	outcomes					340:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes	315:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates	315:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	0	14	theme	Gut	100:102	arg1	Microbiota					104:113	Infant Gut Microbiota	93:113	Infant Gut Microbiota	93:113	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	4	15	theme	infant	766:771	arg1	weight-for-age					773:786	infant weight-for-age	766:786	infant weight-for-age	766:786	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	1	16	theme	important	159:167	arg1	role					169:172	an important role	156:172	an important role	156:172	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	2	17	with	areas	370:374	arg1	rates					396:400	high infection rates	381:400	high infection rates	381:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	7	18	theme	wet	1162:1164	arg1	season					1166:1171	the wet season	1158:1171	the wet season (July to October)	1158:1189	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	2	19	theme	HMO	280:282	arg1	composition					284:294	HMO composition	280:294	HMO composition	280:294	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	8	20	theme	growth	1447:1452	arg1	predictive					1433:1442	predictive	1433:1442	predictive	1433:1442	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	5	21	theme	gut	803:805	arg1	microbiota					807:816	gut microbiota	803:816	gut microbiota	803:816	Because HMOs, gut microbiota, and infant health are interrelated, the relationship between infant health and their microbiome were analyzed.
28079170	8	22	theme	specific	1475:1482	arg1	microbiota					1484:1493	specific microbiota	1475:1493	specific microbiota	1475:1493	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	2	23	theme	growth	333:338	arg1	outcomes					340:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes	315:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates	315:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	2	24	theme	infection	386:394	arg1	rates					396:400	high infection rates	381:400	high infection rates	381:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	6	25	with	infants	1103:1109	arg1	calprotectin					1125:1136	abnormal calprotectin	1116:1136	abnormal calprotectin	1116:1136	While bifidobacteria were the dominant genus in the infant gut overall, Dialister and Prevotella were negatively correlated with morbidity, and Bacteroides was increased in infants with abnormal calprotectin.
28079170	8	26	theme	specific	1327:1334	arg1	types					1336:1340	types	1336:1340	types	1336:1340	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	4	27	theme	infant	691:696	arg1	morbidity					698:706	decreased infant morbidity	681:706	decreased infant morbidity	681:706	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	3	28	from	postpartum	513:522	arg1	pairs					484:488	33 Gambian mother/infant pairs	459:488	33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum	459:522	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	3	29	theme	HMO	412:414	arg1	composition					416:426	Mother's HMO composition	403:426	Mother's HMO composition	403:426	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	2	30	theme	high	381:384	arg1	rates					396:400	high infection rates	381:400	high infection rates	381:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	4	31	theme	decreased	681:689	arg1	morbidity					698:706	decreased infant morbidity	681:706	decreased infant morbidity	681:706	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	6	32	theme	infant	982:987	arg1	gut					989:991	the infant gut	978:991	the infant gut overall	978:999	While bifidobacteria were the dominant genus in the infant gut overall, Dialister and Prevotella were negatively correlated with morbidity, and Bacteroides was increased in infants with abnormal calprotectin.
28079170	0	33	theme	Infants	32:38	arg1	Morbidity					11:19	Morbidity	11:19	Morbidity	11:19	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	0	33	theme	Infants	32:38	arg1	Growth					0:5	Growth	0:5	Growth	0:5	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	7	34	dep	season	1166:1171	arg1	July					1174:1177	July	1174:1177	July	1174:1177	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	4	35	theme	good	748:751	arg1	indicator					753:761	a good indicator	746:761	a good indicator of infant weight-for-age	746:786	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	4	35	theme	good	748:751	arg1	3'-sialyllactose					713:728	3'-sialyllactose	713:728	3'-sialyllactose	713:728	The data indicate that lacto-N-fucopentaose I was associated with decreased infant morbidity, and 3'-sialyllactose was found to be a good indicator of infant weight-for-age.
28079170	0	36	theme	Gambian	24:30	arg1	Infants					32:38	Gambian Infants	24:38	Gambian Infants	24:38	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	8	37	theme	environmental	1382:1394	arg1	conditions					1396:1405	environmental conditions	1382:1405	environmental conditions	1382:1405	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	3	38	theme	weeks	507:511	arg1	postpartum					513:522	4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum	493:522	4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum	493:522	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	2	39	theme	changes	304:310	arg1	effects					269:275	the effects	265:275	the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates	265:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	7	40	dep	season	1273:1278	arg1	November					1281:1288	November	1281:1288	November	1281:1288	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	7	41	theme	less	1214:1217	arg1	oligosaccharides					1219:1234	significantly less oligosaccharides	1200:1234	significantly less oligosaccharides	1200:1234	Mothers nursing in the wet season (July to October) produced significantly less oligosaccharides compared to those nursing in the dry season (November to June).
28079170	1	42	theme	Human	116:120	arg1	HMOs					145:148	HMOs	145:148	HMOs	145:148	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	1	42	theme	Human	116:120	arg1	oligosaccharides					127:142	Human milk oligosaccharides	116:142	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)	116:149	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	1	43	theme	milk	122:125	arg1	HMOs					145:148	HMOs	145:148	HMOs	145:148	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	1	43	theme	milk	122:125	arg1	oligosaccharides					127:142	Human milk oligosaccharides	116:142	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)	116:149	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	5	44	theme	infant	880:885	arg1	health					887:892	infant health	880:892	infant health	880:892	Because HMOs, gut microbiota, and infant health are interrelated, the relationship between infant health and their microbiome were analyzed.
28079170	1	45	theme	infant	194:199	arg1	health					181:186	the health	177:186	the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria	177:240	Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria.
28079170	3	46	theme	infant	586:591	arg1	morbidity					593:601	infant morbidity	586:601	infant morbidity	586:601	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	2	47	theme	composition	284:294	arg1	effects					269:275	the effects	265:275	the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates	265:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	6	48	theme	dominant	960:967	arg1	bifidobacteria					936:949	bifidobacteria	936:949	bifidobacteria	936:949	While bifidobacteria were the dominant genus in the infant gut overall, Dialister and Prevotella were negatively correlated with morbidity, and Bacteroides was increased in infants with abnormal calprotectin.
28079170	6	48	theme	dominant	960:967	arg1	genus					969:973	the dominant genus	956:973	the dominant genus in the infant gut overall	956:999	While bifidobacteria were the dominant genus in the infant gut overall, Dialister and Prevotella were negatively correlated with morbidity, and Bacteroides was increased in infants with abnormal calprotectin.
28079170	0	49	theme	Maternal	58:65	arg1	Oligosaccharides					72:87	Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides	58:87	Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides	58:87	Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota.
28079170	8	50	theme	HMOs	1360:1363	arg1	structures					1346:1355	structures	1346:1355	structures	1346:1355	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	8	50	theme	HMOs	1360:1363	arg1	types					1336:1340	types	1336:1340	types	1336:1340	These results suggest that specific types and structures of HMOs are sensitive to environmental conditions, protective of morbidity, predictive of growth, and correlated with specific microbiota.
28079170	3	51	from	pairs	484:488	arg1	microbiota					443:452	infant gut microbiota	432:452	infant gut microbiota	432:452	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	3	51	from	pairs	484:488	arg1	composition					416:426	Mother's HMO composition	403:426	Mother's HMO composition	403:426	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	3	52	theme	Gambian	462:468	arg1	pairs					484:488	33 Gambian mother/infant pairs	459:488	33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum	459:522	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	3	53	theme	mother/infant	470:482	arg1	pairs					484:488	33 Gambian mother/infant pairs	459:488	33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum	459:522	Mother's HMO composition and infant gut microbiota from 33 Gambian mother/infant pairs at 4, 16, and 20 weeks postpartum were analyzed for relationships between HMOs, microbiota, and infant morbidity and growth.
28079170	2	54	theme	morbidity	319:327	arg1	outcomes					340:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes	315:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates	315:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
28079170	2	55	from	effects	269:275	arg1	outcomes					340:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes	315:347	the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates	315:400	Little is known about the effects of HMO composition and its changes on the morbidity and growth outcomes of infants living in areas with high infection rates.
24958776	8	0	theme	sensory	1151:1157	arg1	acceptance					1159:1168	the best sensory acceptance	1142:1168	the best sensory acceptance	1142:1168	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	3	1	theme	formulations	456:467	arg1	microorganism					410:422	the microorganism	406:422	the microorganism	406:422	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	3	1	theme	formulations	456:467	arg1	pH					429:430	the pH	425:430	the pH	425:430	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	3	1	theme	formulations	456:467	arg1	acidity					441:447	the acidity	437:447	the acidity of all formulations	437:467	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	1	2	theme	aqueous	228:234	arg1	extracts					236:243	aqueous extracts	228:243	aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	228:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	0	3	theme	Chenopodium	74:84	arg1	quinoa					66:71	quinoa	66:71	quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)	66:98	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	0	3	theme	Chenopodium	74:84	arg1	quinoa					86:91	Chenopodium quinoa Willd	74:97	Chenopodium quinoa Willd	74:97	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	2	4	theme	differing	327:335	arg1	proportions					337:347	differing proportions	327:347	differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts	327:374	Five formulations with differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts were tested.
24958776	5	5	from	increase	669:676	arg1	pH					707:708	pH	707:708	pH	707:708	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	5	5	from	increase	669:676	arg1	acidity					681:687	acidity	681:687	acidity	681:687	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	9	6	theme	similar	1362:1368	arg1	beverages					1380:1388	similar fermented beverages	1362:1388	similar fermented beverages	1362:1388	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	0	7	theme	Willd	93:97	arg1	quinoa					66:71	quinoa	66:71	quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)	66:98	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	0	7	theme	Willd	93:97	arg1	quinoa					86:91	Chenopodium quinoa Willd	74:97	Chenopodium quinoa Willd	74:97	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	9	8	dep	%	1300:1300	arg1	extracts					1309:1316	quinoa extracts	1302:1316	quinoa extracts	1302:1316	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	8	9	from	group	1232:1236	arg1	purchase					1216:1223	purchase	1216:1223	purchase	1216:1223	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	1	10	theme	soy	248:250	arg1	extracts					236:243	aqueous extracts	228:243	aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	228:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	0	11	theme	soy	104:106	arg1	extracts					54:61	aqueous extracts	46:61	aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy	46:106	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	6	12	theme	quinoa	985:990	arg1	concentrations					967:980	higher concentrations	960:980	higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2)	960:1002	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	2	13	dep	soy	352:354	arg1	extracts					367:374	extracts	367:374	extracts	367:374	Five formulations with differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts were tested.
24958776	10	14	theme	best	1429:1432	arg1	beverage					1434:1441	the best beverage	1425:1441	the best beverage	1425:1441	The formulation F4 was considered the best beverage overall.
24958776	3	15	theme	microorganism	410:422	arg1	viability					393:401	The viability	389:401	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations	389:467	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	7	16	theme	quinoa	1050:1055	arg1	extracts					1057:1064	quinoa extracts	1050:1064	quinoa extracts	1050:1064	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	4	17	theme	chemical	526:533	arg1	composition					535:545	The chemical composition	522:545	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages	522:575	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	3	18	theme	28th	494:497	arg1	day					499:501	the 28th day	490:501	the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃	490:519	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	4	19	theme	sensory	601:607	arg1	properties					609:618	the rheological and sensory properties	581:618	the rheological and sensory properties of the final products	581:640	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	0	20	theme	synbiotic	12:20	arg1	beverage					32:39	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage	0:39	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.	0:107	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	6	21	from	increase	897:904	arg1	formulations					942:953	the formulations	938:953	the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2)	938:1002	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	6	21	from	increase	897:904	arg1	viscosity					909:917	viscosity	909:917	viscosity	909:917	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	6	21	from	increase	897:904	arg1	consistency					923:933	consistency	923:933	consistency	923:933	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	9	22	theme	best	1337:1340	arg1	results					1342:1348	the best results	1333:1348	the best results	1333:1348	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	8	23	theme	highest	1195:1201	arg1	intention					1203:1211	the highest intention	1191:1211	the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers	1191:1253	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	2	24	theme	quinoa	360:365	arg1	proportions					337:347	differing proportions	327:347	differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts	327:374	Five formulations with differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts were tested.
24958776	6	25	with	formulations	942:953	arg1	concentrations					967:980	higher concentrations	960:980	higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2)	960:1002	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	1	26	theme	synbiotic	160:168	arg1	beverage					170:177	a potentially synbiotic beverage	146:177	a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	146:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	5	27	theme	storage	746:752	arg1	days					738:741	the 28 days	731:741	the 28 days of storage	731:752	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	1	28	theme	quinoa	256:261	arg1	extracts					236:243	aqueous extracts	228:243	aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	228:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	1	29	with	quinoa	256:261	arg1	FOS					298:300	FOS	298:300	FOS	298:300	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	1	29	with	quinoa	256:261	arg1	fructooligosaccharides					274:295	added fructooligosaccharides	268:295	added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	268:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	3	30	theme	storage	506:512	arg1	day					499:501	the 28th day	490:501	the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃	490:519	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	0	31	theme	fermented	22:30	arg1	beverage					32:39	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage	0:39	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.	0:107	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	9	32	theme	%	1288:1288	arg1	%					1300:1300	50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts	1286:1316	%	1300:1300	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	9	32	theme	%	1288:1288	arg1	F3					1282:1283	F3	1282:1283	F3	1282:1283	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	5	33	theme	formulated	842:851	arg1	beverages					853:861	all formulated beverages	838:861	all formulated beverages	838:861	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	4	34	theme	products	633:640	arg1	composition					535:545	The chemical composition	522:545	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages	522:575	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	4	34	theme	products	633:640	arg1	properties					609:618	the rheological and sensory properties	581:618	the rheological and sensory properties of the final products	581:640	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	0	35	theme	aqueous	46:52	arg1	extracts					54:61	aqueous extracts	46:61	aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy	46:106	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	1	36	theme	added	268:272	arg1	FOS					298:300	FOS	298:300	FOS	298:300	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	1	36	theme	added	268:272	arg1	fructooligosaccharides					274:295	added fructooligosaccharides	268:295	added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	268:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	9	37	theme	fermented	1370:1378	arg1	beverages					1380:1388	similar fermented beverages	1362:1388	similar fermented beverages	1362:1388	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	6	38	theme	higher	960:965	arg1	concentrations					967:980	higher concentrations	960:980	higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2)	960:1002	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	8	39	theme	%	1123:1123	arg1	extract					1129:1135	100% soy extract	1120:1135	100% soy extract	1120:1135	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	39	theme	%	1123:1123	arg1	Formulations					1096:1107	Formulations	1096:1107	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract)	1096:1136	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	5	40	theme	probiotic	776:784	arg1	microorganism					786:798	the probiotic microorganism	772:798	the probiotic microorganism	772:798	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	1	41	dep	casei	208:212	arg1	LC-1					214:217	LC-1	214:217	Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	194:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	7	42	theme	%	1036:1036	arg1	%					1048:1048	70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts	1034:1064	%	1048:1048	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	7	42	theme	%	1036:1036	arg1	F4					1030:1031	Formulation F4	1018:1031	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts)	1018:1065	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	0	43	with	beverage	32:39	arg1	extracts					54:61	aqueous extracts	46:61	aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy	46:106	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	3	44	theme	pH	429:430	arg1	viability					393:401	The viability	389:401	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations	389:467	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	7	45	theme	Formulation	1018:1028	arg1	%					1048:1048	70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts	1034:1064	%	1048:1048	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	7	45	theme	Formulation	1018:1028	arg1	F4					1030:1031	Formulation F4	1018:1031	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts)	1018:1065	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	7	45	theme	Formulation	1018:1028	arg1	30					1046:1047	30	1046:1047	30	1046:1047	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	9	46	theme	chemical	1260:1267	arg1	composition					1269:1279	chemical composition	1260:1279	chemical composition	1260:1279	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	7	47	dep	%	1048:1048	arg1	extracts					1057:1064	quinoa extracts	1050:1064	quinoa extracts	1050:1064	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	2	48	with	formulations	309:320	arg1	proportions					337:347	differing proportions	327:347	differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts	327:374	Five formulations with differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts were tested.
24958776	1	49	with	soy	248:250	arg1	FOS					298:300	FOS	298:300	FOS	298:300	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	1	49	with	soy	248:250	arg1	fructooligosaccharides					274:295	added fructooligosaccharides	268:295	added fructooligosaccharides (FOS)	268:301	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
24958776	9	50	theme	soy	1290:1292	arg1	%					1300:1300	50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts	1286:1316	%	1300:1300	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	9	50	theme	soy	1290:1292	arg1	F3					1282:1283	F3	1282:1283	F3	1282:1283	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	10	51	theme	formulation	1395:1405	arg1	F4					1407:1408	The formulation F4	1391:1408	The formulation F4	1391:1408	The formulation F4 was considered the best beverage overall.
24958776	8	52	contain	had	1138:1140	arg2	acceptance					1159:1168	the best sensory acceptance	1142:1168	the best sensory acceptance	1142:1168	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	52	contain	had	1138:1140	arg1	F4					1109:1110	F4	1109:1110	F4	1109:1110	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	52	contain	had	1138:1140	arg1	Formulations					1096:1107	Formulations	1096:1107	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract)	1096:1136	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	52	contain	had	1138:1140	arg1	F5					1116:1117	F5	1116:1117	F5	1116:1117	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	52	contain	had	1138:1140	arg1	extract					1129:1135	100% soy extract	1120:1135	100% soy extract	1120:1135	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	53	theme	volunteers	1244:1253	arg1	group					1232:1236	a group	1230:1236	a group of 80 volunteers	1230:1253	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	53	theme	volunteers	1244:1253	arg1	volunteers					1244:1253	80 volunteers	1241:1253	80 volunteers	1241:1253	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	54	theme	soy	1125:1127	arg1	extract					1129:1135	100% soy extract	1120:1135	100% soy extract	1120:1135	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	54	theme	soy	1125:1127	arg1	Formulations					1096:1107	Formulations	1096:1107	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract)	1096:1136	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	5	55	from	CFU·mL	824:829	arg1	beverages					853:861	all formulated beverages	838:861	all formulated beverages	838:861	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	4	56	theme	final	627:631	arg1	products					633:640	the final products	623:640	the final products	623:640	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	6	57	dep	quinoa	985:990	arg1	F2					1000:1001	F2	1000:1001	F2	1000:1001	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	6	57	dep	quinoa	985:990	arg1	F1					993:994	F1	993:994	F1	993:994	An increase in viscosity and consistency in the formulations with higher concentrations of quinoa (F1 and F2) was observed.
24958776	4	58	theme	extracts	554:561	arg1	composition					535:545	The chemical composition	522:545	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages	522:575	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	4	58	theme	extracts	554:561	arg1	properties					609:618	the rheological and sensory properties	581:618	the rheological and sensory properties of the final products	581:640	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	5	59	theme	storage	878:884	arg1	period					886:891	the storage period	874:891	the storage period	874:891	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	5	60	from	decrease	695:702	arg1	pH					707:708	pH	707:708	pH	707:708	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	5	60	from	decrease	695:702	arg1	acidity					681:687	acidity	681:687	acidity	681:687	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	8	61	theme	best	1146:1149	arg1	acceptance					1159:1168	the best sensory acceptance	1142:1168	the best sensory acceptance	1142:1168	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	3	62	theme	acidity	441:447	arg1	viability					393:401	The viability	389:401	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations	389:467	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	3	63	from	5 ℃	517:519	arg1	day					499:501	the 28th day	490:501	the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃	490:519	The viability of the microorganism, the pH, and the acidity of all formulations were monitored until the 28th day of storage at 5 ℃.
24958776	7	64	theme	least	1078:1082	arg1	hysteresis					1084:1093	the least hysteresis	1074:1093	the least hysteresis	1074:1093	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	4	65	theme	rheological	585:595	arg1	properties					609:618	the rheological and sensory properties	581:618	the rheological and sensory properties of the final products	581:640	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	9	66	theme	quinoa	1302:1307	arg1	extracts					1309:1316	quinoa extracts	1302:1316	quinoa extracts	1302:1316	For chemical composition, F3 (50% soy and 50% quinoa extracts) and F4 showed the best results compared to similar fermented beverages.
24958776	2	67	theme	soy	352:354	arg1	proportions					337:347	differing proportions	327:347	differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts	327:374	Five formulations with differing proportions of soy and quinoa extracts were tested.
24958776	5	68	theme	microorganism	786:798	arg1	viability					759:767	the viability	755:767	the viability of the probiotic microorganism	755:798	Although an increase in acidity and a decrease in pH were observed during the 28 days of storage, the viability of the probiotic microorganism was maintained at 10(8) CFU·mL(-1) in all formulated beverages throughout the storage period.
24958776	4	69	theme	beverages	567:575	arg1	composition					535:545	The chemical composition	522:545	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages	522:575	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	4	69	theme	beverages	567:575	arg1	properties					609:618	the rheological and sensory properties	581:618	the rheological and sensory properties of the final products	581:640	The chemical composition of the extracts and beverages and the rheological and sensory properties of the final products were analyzed.
24958776	0	70	theme	quinoa	66:71	arg1	extracts					54:61	aqueous extracts	46:61	aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy	46:106	Potentially synbiotic fermented beverage with aqueous extracts of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and soy.
24958776	7	71	theme	soy	1038:1040	arg1	%					1048:1048	70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts	1034:1064	%	1048:1048	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	7	71	theme	soy	1038:1040	arg1	F4					1030:1031	Formulation F4	1018:1031	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts)	1018:1065	Formulation F4 (70% soy and 30% quinoa extracts) showed the least hysteresis.
24958776	8	72	dep	Formulations	1096:1107	arg1	F4					1109:1110	F4	1109:1110	F4	1109:1110	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	72	dep	Formulations	1096:1107	arg1	Formulations					1096:1107	Formulations	1096:1107	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract)	1096:1136	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	8	72	dep	Formulations	1096:1107	arg1	F5					1116:1117	F5	1116:1117	F5	1116:1117	Formulations F4 and F5 (100% soy extract) had the best sensory acceptance while F4 resulted in the highest intention to purchase from a group of 80 volunteers.
24958776	1	73	theme	study	125:129	arg1	aim					113:115	The aim	109:115	The aim of this study	109:129	The aim of this study was to develop a potentially synbiotic beverage fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC-1 based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa with added fructooligosaccharides (FOS).
26895630	8	0	theme	composition	1192:1202	arg1	Analysis					1170:1177	Analysis	1170:1177	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage	1170:1235	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	10	1	theme	direct	1669:1674	arg1	role					1676:1679	a direct role	1667:1679	a direct role	1667:1679	In conclusion, PME58 is the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure.
26895630	9	2	theme	adherent	1507:1514	arg1	mucilage					1516:1523	the adherent mucilage	1503:1523	the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants	1503:1540	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	1	3	theme	primary	155:161	arg1	walls					168:172	plant primary cell walls	149:172	plant primary cell walls	149:172	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
26895630	8	4	dep	EDTA	1269:1272	arg1	the					1253:1255	the	1253:1255	the	1253:1255	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	8	4	dep	EDTA	1269:1272	arg1	presence					1257:1264	presence	1257:1264	presence	1257:1264	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	4	5	theme	PME	542:544	arg1	genes					546:550	seven PME genes	536:550	seven PME genes	536:550	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	1	6	theme	cell	163:166	arg1	walls					168:172	plant primary cell walls	149:172	plant primary cell walls	149:172	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
26895630	0	7	theme	homogalacturonan	86:101	arg1	modification					103:114	homogalacturonan modification	86:114	homogalacturonan modification	86:114	PME58 plays a role in pectin distribution during seed coat mucilage extrusion through homogalacturonan modification.
26895630	6	8	theme	adherent	853:860	arg1	mucilage					862:869	their adherent mucilage	847:869	their adherent mucilage	847:869	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	9	9	with	Immunolabelling	1349:1363	arg1	LM19					1370:1373	LM19	1370:1373	LM19	1370:1373	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	9	9	with	Immunolabelling	1349:1363	arg1	antibody					1379:1386	an antibody	1376:1386	an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs	1376:1434	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	9	10	theme	unesterified	1419:1430	arg1	HGs					1432:1434	unesterified HGs	1419:1434	unesterified HGs	1419:1434	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	9	11	from	role	1556:1559	arg1	structure					1582:1590	mucilage structure	1573:1590	mucilage structure	1573:1590	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	9	11	from	role	1556:1559	arg1	organization					1596:1607	organization	1596:1607	organization	1596:1607	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	7	12	theme	increase	1079:1086	arg1	phenotypes					1042:1051	These phenotypes	1036:1051	These phenotypes	1036:1051	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	7	12	theme	increase	1079:1086	arg1	consequence					1061:1071	the consequence	1057:1071	the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity	1057:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	8	13	theme	soluble	1207:1213	arg1	mucilage					1228:1235	soluble and adherent mucilage	1207:1235	soluble and adherent mucilage	1207:1235	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	7	14	theme	HG	1105:1106	arg1	methylesterification					1108:1127	HG methylesterification	1105:1127	HG methylesterification	1105:1127	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	3	15	theme	mucilage	459:466	arg1	MSCs					485:488	MSCs	485:488	MSCs	485:488	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	3	15	theme	mucilage	459:466	arg1	cells					478:482	mucilage secretory cells	459:482	mucilage secretory cells (MSCs)	459:489	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	5	16	theme	expression	703:712	arg1	level					694:698	the highest level	682:698	the highest level of expression	682:712	Of these, PME58 presented the highest level of expression and was specifically expressed in MSCs at the early stages of seed development.
26895630	4	17	dep	data	530:533	arg1	basis					499:503	basis	499:503	basis	499:503	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	4	17	dep	data	530:533	arg1	the					495:497	the	495:497	the	495:497	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	9	18	theme	mutants	1534:1540	arg1	mucilage					1516:1523	the adherent mucilage	1503:1523	the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants	1503:1540	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	7	19	from	decrease	1144:1151	arg1	activity					1160:1167	PME activity	1156:1167	PME activity	1156:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	10	20	from	PME	1644:1646	arg1	conclusion					1613:1622	conclusion	1613:1622	conclusion	1613:1622	In conclusion, PME58 is the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure.
26895630	1	21	theme	walls	168:172	arg1	Pectins					117:123	Pectins	117:123	Pectins	117:123	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
26895630	1	21	theme	walls	168:172	arg1	components					135:144	major components	129:144	major components of plant primary cell walls	129:172	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
26895630	9	22	with	interactions	1464:1475	arg1	HGs					1482:1484	HGs	1482:1484	HGs	1482:1484	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	10	23	theme	seed	1684:1687	arg1	structure					1698:1706	seed mucilage structure	1684:1706	seed mucilage structure	1684:1706	In conclusion, PME58 is the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure.
26895630	8	24	theme	adherent	1219:1226	arg1	mucilage					1228:1235	soluble and adherent mucilage	1207:1235	soluble and adherent mucilage	1207:1235	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	4	25	theme	quantitative	616:627	arg1	PCR					651:653	quantitative reverse transcription PCR	616:653	quantitative reverse transcription PCR	616:653	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	6	26	theme	wild-type	922:930	arg1	seeds					932:936	wild-type seeds	922:936	wild-type seeds	922:936	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	10	27	theme	first	1638:1642	arg1	PME					1644:1646	the first PME	1634:1646	the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure	1634:1706	In conclusion, PME58 is the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure.
26895630	10	27	theme	first	1638:1642	arg1	PME58					1625:1629	PME58	1625:1629	PME58	1625:1629	In conclusion, PME58 is the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure.
26895630	6	28	theme	2+	978:979	arg1	ruthenium					891:899	ruthenium	891:899	ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA	891:970	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	6	28	theme	2+	978:979	arg1	chelator					981:988	a Ca(2+)chelator	973:988	a Ca(2+)chelator	973:988	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	3	29	theme	Several	374:380	arg1	PMEs					382:385	Several PMEs	374:385	Several PMEs	374:385	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	4	30	theme	transcriptomic	515:528	arg1	data					530:533	public transcriptomic data	508:533	public transcriptomic data	508:533	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	8	31	theme	pme58	1334:1338	arg1	mutants					1340:1346	pme58 mutants	1334:1346	pme58 mutants	1334:1346	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	2	32	theme	enzymes	284:290	arg1	target					263:268	the target	259:268	the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level	259:371	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	2	32	theme	enzymes	284:290	arg1	pectin					241:246	the most abundant pectin	223:246	the most abundant pectin	223:246	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	2	32	theme	enzymes	284:290	arg1	homogalacturonans					188:204	homogalacturonans	188:204	homogalacturonans (HGs)	188:210	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	3	33	theme	seed	408:411	arg1	coat					413:416	the seed coat	404:416	the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana	404:440	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	5	34	theme	seed	776:779	arg1	development					781:791	seed development	776:791	seed development	776:791	Of these, PME58 presented the highest level of expression and was specifically expressed in MSCs at the early stages of seed development.
26895630	4	35	theme	public	508:513	arg1	data					530:533	public transcriptomic data	508:533	public transcriptomic data	508:533	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	2	36	theme	apoplastic	273:282	arg1	enzymes					284:290	apoplastic enzymes	273:290	apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level	273:371	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	4	37	theme	seed-specific	588:600	arg1	expression					602:611	their seed-specific expression	582:611	their seed-specific expression	582:611	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	5	38	theme	development	781:791	arg1	stages					766:771	the early stages	756:771	the early stages of seed development	756:791	Of these, PME58 presented the highest level of expression and was specifically expressed in MSCs at the early stages of seed development.
26895630	6	39	dep	presented	808:816	arg1	decreased					1025:1033	decreased	1025:1033	was decreased	1021:1033	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	6	39	dep	presented	808:816	arg1	stained					880:886	stained	880:886	was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator	871:988	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	6	39	dep	presented	808:816	arg1	i					844:844	i	844:844	i	844:844	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	8	40	theme	mucilage	1228:1235	arg1	composition					1192:1202	the sugar composition	1182:1202	the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage	1182:1235	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	7	41	from	consequence	1061:1071	arg1	degree					1095:1100	the degree	1091:1100	the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity	1091:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	7	42	theme	methylesterification	1108:1127	arg1	degree					1095:1100	the degree	1091:1100	the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity	1091:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	8	43	theme	adherent	1285:1292	arg1	mucilage					1294:1301	adherent mucilage	1285:1301	adherent mucilage	1285:1301	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	0	44	theme	pectin	22:27	arg1	distribution					29:40	pectin distribution	22:40	pectin distribution	22:40	PME58 plays a role in pectin distribution during seed coat mucilage extrusion through homogalacturonan modification.
26895630	6	45	theme	MSC	1004:1006	arg1	area					1016:1019	the MSC surface area	1000:1019	the MSC surface area	1000:1019	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	9	46	theme	PME58	1564:1568	arg1	role					1556:1559	a role	1554:1559	a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization	1554:1607	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	8	47	theme	mucilage	1294:1301	arg1	sugars					1275:1280	sugars	1275:1280	sugars of adherent mucilage	1275:1301	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	9	48	theme	molecular	1454:1462	arg1	interactions					1464:1475	molecular interactions	1454:1475	molecular interactions with HGs	1454:1484	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	2	49	theme	methylesterification	346:365	arg1	level					367:371	their methylesterification level	340:371	their methylesterification level	340:371	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	3	50	theme	Arabidopsis	421:431	arg1	thaliana					433:440	Arabidopsis thaliana	421:440	Arabidopsis thaliana	421:440	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	4	51	theme	reverse	629:635	arg1	PCR					651:653	quantitative reverse transcription PCR	616:653	quantitative reverse transcription PCR	616:653	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	6	52	theme	red	901:903	arg1	ruthenium					891:899	ruthenium	891:899	ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA	891:970	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	6	52	theme	red	901:903	arg1	chelator					981:988	a Ca(2+)chelator	973:988	a Ca(2+)chelator	973:988	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	5	53	theme	highest	686:692	arg1	level					694:698	the highest level	682:698	the highest level of expression	682:712	Of these, PME58 presented the highest level of expression and was specifically expressed in MSCs at the early stages of seed development.
26895630	6	54	theme	discrete	822:829	arg1	phenotypes					831:840	two discrete phenotypes	818:840	two discrete phenotypes	818:840	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	3	55	theme	thaliana	433:440	arg1	coat					413:416	the seed coat	404:416	the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana	404:440	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	9	56	theme	mucilage	1573:1580	arg1	structure					1582:1590	mucilage structure	1573:1590	mucilage structure	1573:1590	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	7	57	from	increase	1079:1086	arg1	degree					1095:1100	the degree	1091:1100	the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity	1091:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	3	58	theme	secretory	468:476	arg1	MSCs					485:488	MSCs	485:488	MSCs	485:488	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	3	58	theme	secretory	468:476	arg1	cells					478:482	mucilage secretory cells	459:482	mucilage secretory cells (MSCs)	459:489	Several PMEs are expressed in the seed coat of Arabidopsis thaliana, particularly in mucilage secretory cells (MSCs).
26895630	5	59	theme	early	760:764	arg1	stages					766:771	the early stages	756:771	the early stages of seed development	756:791	Of these, PME58 presented the highest level of expression and was specifically expressed in MSCs at the early stages of seed development.
26895630	9	60	theme	pme58	1528:1532	arg1	mutants					1534:1540	pme58 mutants	1528:1540	pme58 mutants	1528:1540	Immunolabelling with LM19, an antibody that preferentially recognizes unesterified HGs, also showed that molecular interactions with HGs were modified in the adherent mucilage of pme58 mutants, suggesting a role of PME58 in mucilage structure and organization.
26895630	4	61	theme	transcription	637:649	arg1	PCR					651:653	quantitative reverse transcription PCR	616:653	quantitative reverse transcription PCR	616:653	On the basis of public transcriptomic data, seven PME genes were selected and checked for their seed-specific expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR.
26895630	1	62	theme	major	129:133	arg1	Pectins					117:123	Pectins	117:123	Pectins	117:123	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
26895630	1	62	theme	major	129:133	arg1	components					135:144	major components	129:144	major components of plant primary cell walls	129:172	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
26895630	7	63	from	degree	1095:1100	arg1	phenotypes					1042:1051	These phenotypes	1036:1051	These phenotypes	1036:1051	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	7	63	from	degree	1095:1100	arg1	consequence					1061:1071	the consequence	1057:1071	the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity	1057:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	10	64	theme	mucilage	1689:1696	arg1	structure					1698:1706	seed mucilage structure	1684:1706	seed mucilage structure	1684:1706	In conclusion, PME58 is the first PME identified to play a direct role in seed mucilage structure.
26895630	2	65	theme	pectin	297:302	arg1	PMEs					321:324	PMEs	321:324	PMEs	321:324	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	2	65	theme	pectin	297:302	arg1	methylesterases					304:318	pectin methylesterases	297:318	pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level	297:371	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	6	66	theme	surface	1008:1014	arg1	area					1016:1019	the MSC surface area	1000:1019	the MSC surface area	1000:1019	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	0	67	theme	coat	54:57	arg1	mucilage					59:66	seed coat mucilage	49:66	seed coat mucilage	49:66	PME58 plays a role in pectin distribution during seed coat mucilage extrusion through homogalacturonan modification.
26895630	6	68	theme	EDTA	967:970	arg1	presence					955:962	the presence	951:962	the presence of EDTA	951:970	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	2	69	theme	abundant	232:239	arg1	pectin					241:246	the most abundant pectin	223:246	the most abundant pectin	223:246	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	2	69	theme	abundant	232:239	arg1	homogalacturonans					188:204	homogalacturonans	188:204	homogalacturonans (HGs)	188:210	They include homogalacturonans (HGs), which are the most abundant pectin and can be the target of apoplastic enzymes like pectin methylesterases (PMEs) that control their methylesterification level.
26895630	6	70	theme	Ca	975:976	arg1	ruthenium					891:899	ruthenium	891:899	ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA	891:970	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	6	70	theme	Ca	975:976	arg1	chelator					981:988	a Ca(2+)chelator	973:988	a Ca(2+)chelator	973:988	pme58 mutants presented two discrete phenotypes: (i) their adherent mucilage was less stained by ruthenium red when compared to wild-type seeds, but only in the presence of EDTA, a Ca(2+)chelator; and (ii) the MSC surface area was decreased.
26895630	8	71	theme	sugar	1186:1190	arg1	composition					1192:1202	the sugar composition	1182:1202	the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage	1182:1235	Analysis of the sugar composition of soluble and adherent mucilage showed that, in the presence of EDTA, sugars of adherent mucilage were more readily extracted in pme58 mutants.
26895630	0	72	theme	seed	49:52	arg1	mucilage					59:66	seed coat mucilage	49:66	seed coat mucilage	49:66	PME58 plays a role in pectin distribution during seed coat mucilage extrusion through homogalacturonan modification.
26895630	0	73	from	role	14:17	arg1	distribution					29:40	pectin distribution	22:40	pectin distribution	22:40	PME58 plays a role in pectin distribution during seed coat mucilage extrusion through homogalacturonan modification.
26895630	7	74	theme	PME	1156:1158	arg1	activity					1160:1167	PME activity	1156:1167	PME activity	1156:1167	These phenotypes are the consequence of an increase in the degree of HG methylesterification connected to a decrease in PME activity.
26895630	1	75	theme	plant	149:153	arg1	walls					168:172	plant primary cell walls	149:172	plant primary cell walls	149:172	Pectins are major components of plant primary cell walls.
25651533	7	0	dep	0.22	1152:1155	arg1	to					1149:1150	to	1149:1150	to	1149:1150	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	8	1	theme	novel	1228:1232	arg1	point					1243:1247	a novel starting point	1226:1247	a novel starting point for improving lignocellulosic conversion by yeast	1226:1297	This pathway provides a novel starting point for improving lignocellulosic conversion by yeast.
25651533	7	2	theme	engineering	1072:1082	arg1	efforts					1084:1090	engineering efforts	1072:1090	engineering efforts	1072:1090	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	8	3	theme	starting	1234:1241	arg1	point					1243:1247	a novel starting point	1226:1247	a novel starting point for improving lignocellulosic conversion by yeast	1226:1297	This pathway provides a novel starting point for improving lignocellulosic conversion by yeast.
25651533	2	4	with	unable	343:348	arg1	pathways					316:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	1	5	theme	lignocellulosic	175:189	arg1	biomass					191:197	lignocellulosic biomass	175:197	lignocellulosic biomass	175:197	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	3	6	used	used	562:565	arg2	engineering					514:524	pathway engineering	506:524	pathway engineering	506:524	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	3	6	used	used	562:565	arg2	approach					486:493	a blended bioprospecting approach	461:493	a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering	461:553	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	8	7	theme	lignocellulosic	1263:1277	arg1	conversion					1279:1288	lignocellulosic conversion	1263:1288	lignocellulosic conversion	1263:1288	This pathway provides a novel starting point for improving lignocellulosic conversion by yeast.
25651533	2	8	from	xylose	361:366	arg1	biomass					387:393	lignocellulosic biomass	371:393	lignocellulosic biomass	371:393	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	4	9	theme	sequencing-based	651:666	arg1	bioprospecting					668:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting	638:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	638:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	0	10	theme	Saccharomyces	93:105	arg1	cerevisiae					107:116	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	93:116	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	93:116	Xylan catabolism is improved by blending bioprospecting and metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	6	11	theme	evolution	977:985	arg1	combination					925:935	A combination	923:935	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	923:985	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution demonstrated that the xylan catabolic pathway could be further improved.
25651533	4	12	theme	genome	644:649	arg1	bioprospecting					668:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting	638:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	638:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	4	13	theme	Ustilago	766:773	arg1	bevomyces					775:783	Ustilago bevomyces	766:783	Ustilago bevomyces	766:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	0	14	from	bioprospecting	41:54	arg1	cerevisiae					107:116	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	93:116	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	93:116	Xylan catabolism is improved by blending bioprospecting and metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	7	15	theme	medium	1172:1177	arg1	compositions					1179:1190	minimal medium compositions	1164:1190	minimal medium compositions with xylan	1164:1201	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	5	16	theme	genes	833:837	arg1	expression					803:812	The heterologous expression	786:812	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes	786:837	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	6	17	theme	metabolic	959:967	arg1	evolution					977:985	bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	940:985	bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	940:985	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution demonstrated that the xylan catabolic pathway could be further improved.
25651533	4	18	theme	whole	638:642	arg1	bioprospecting					668:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting	638:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	638:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	5	19	theme	single	883:888	arg1	source					897:902	a single carbon source	881:902	a single carbon source in minimal medium	881:920	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	5	20	theme	catabolic	823:831	arg1	genes					833:837	xylan catabolic genes	817:837	xylan catabolic genes	817:837	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	3	21	theme	xylan	578:582	arg1	catabolism					584:593	xylan catabolism	578:593	xylan catabolism	578:593	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	6	22	theme	pathway	969:975	arg1	evolution					977:985	bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	940:985	bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	940:985	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution demonstrated that the xylan catabolic pathway could be further improved.
25651533	5	23	from	source	897:902	arg1	medium					915:920	minimal medium	907:920	minimal medium	907:920	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	3	24	theme	blended	463:469	arg1	approach					486:493	a blended bioprospecting approach	461:493	a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering	461:553	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	0	25	theme	Xylan	0:4	arg1	catabolism					6:15	Xylan catabolism	0:15	Xylan catabolism	0:15	Xylan catabolism is improved by blending bioprospecting and metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	7	26	theme	minimal	1164:1170	arg1	compositions					1179:1190	minimal medium compositions	1164:1190	minimal medium compositions with xylan	1164:1201	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	1	27	from	utilization	128:138	arg1	biomass					191:197	lignocellulosic biomass	175:197	lignocellulosic biomass	175:197	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	3	28	theme	bioprospecting	471:484	arg1	approach					486:493	a blended bioprospecting approach	461:493	a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering	461:553	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	5	29	theme	carbon	890:895	arg1	source					897:902	a single carbon source	881:902	a single carbon source in minimal medium	881:920	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	4	30	with	bioprospecting	668:681	arg1	potential					729:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential	700:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	700:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	4	31	theme	remarkable	700:709	arg1	potential					729:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential	700:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	700:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	7	32	with	compositions	1179:1190	arg1	xylan					1197:1201	xylan	1197:1201	xylan	1197:1201	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	7	33	theme	g/L	1157:1159	arg1	conversion					1119:1128	xylan conversion	1113:1128	xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L	1113:1159	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	6	34	theme	bioprospecting	940:953	arg1	evolution					977:985	bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	940:985	bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution	940:985	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution demonstrated that the xylan catabolic pathway could be further improved.
25651533	1	35	theme	Complete	119:126	arg1	utilization					128:138	Complete utilization	119:138	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass	119:197	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	5	36	theme	minimal	907:913	arg1	medium					915:920	minimal medium	907:920	minimal medium	907:920	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	5	37	theme	heterologous	790:801	arg1	expression					803:812	The heterologous expression	786:812	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes	786:837	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
25651533	0	38	from	engineering	78:88	arg1	cerevisiae					107:116	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	93:116	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	93:116	Xylan catabolism is improved by blending bioprospecting and metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	4	39	theme	pentose	711:717	arg1	potential					729:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential	700:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	700:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	1	40	theme	engineering	228:238	arg1	cerevisiae					254:263	engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae	228:263	engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae	228:263	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	1	41	theme	Saccharomyces	240:252	arg1	cerevisiae					254:263	engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae	228:263	engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae	228:263	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	4	42	theme	catabolic	719:727	arg1	potential					729:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential	700:737	remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	700:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	7	43	theme	xylan	1113:1117	arg1	conversion					1119:1128	xylan conversion	1113:1128	xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L	1113:1159	Ultimately, engineering efforts were able to achieve xylan conversion into ethanol of up to 0.22 g/L on minimal medium compositions with xylan.
25651533	3	44	dep	along	495:499	arg1	with					501:504	with	501:504	with	501:504	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	1	45	from	challenge	215:223	arg1	cerevisiae					254:263	engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae	228:263	engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae	228:263	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	2	46	theme	lignocellulosic	371:385	arg1	biomass					387:393	lignocellulosic biomass	371:393	lignocellulosic biomass	371:393	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	6	47	theme	catabolic	1015:1023	arg1	pathway					1025:1031	the xylan catabolic pathway	1005:1031	the xylan catabolic pathway	1005:1031	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution demonstrated that the xylan catabolic pathway could be further improved.
25651533	2	48	theme	catabolic	306:314	arg1	pathways					316:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	3	49	theme	evolutionary	530:541	arg1	engineering					543:553	evolutionary engineering	530:553	evolutionary engineering	530:553	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	2	50	theme	xylose	299:304	arg1	pathways					316:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	1	51	theme	available	147:155	arg1	sources					164:170	all available carbon sources	143:170	all available carbon sources	143:170	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	0	52	theme	pathway	70:76	arg1	engineering					78:88	metabolic pathway engineering	60:88	metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae	60:116	Xylan catabolism is improved by blending bioprospecting and metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	3	53	theme	pathway	506:512	arg1	engineering					514:524	pathway engineering	506:524	pathway engineering	506:524	Here we demonstrate that a blended bioprospecting approach along with pathway engineering and evolutionary engineering can be used to improve xylan catabolism in S. cerevisiae.
25651533	2	54	theme	heterologous	286:297	arg1	pathways					316:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	1	55	theme	carbon	157:162	arg1	sources					164:170	all available carbon sources	143:170	all available carbon sources	143:170	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	4	56	theme	strain	688:693	arg1	bioprospecting					668:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting	638:681	whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces	638:783	Specifically, we perform whole genome sequencing-based bioprospecting of a strain with remarkable pentose catabolic potential that we isolated and named Ustilago bevomyces.
25651533	0	57	theme	metabolic	60:68	arg1	engineering					78:88	metabolic pathway engineering	60:88	metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae	60:116	Xylan catabolism is improved by blending bioprospecting and metabolic pathway engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	6	58	theme	xylan	1009:1013	arg1	pathway					1025:1031	the xylan catabolic pathway	1005:1031	the xylan catabolic pathway	1005:1031	A combination of bioprospecting and metabolic pathway evolution demonstrated that the xylan catabolic pathway could be further improved.
25651533	2	59	theme	efficient	276:284	arg1	pathways					316:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways	276:323	Even with efficient heterologous xylose catabolic pathways, S. cerevisiae is unable to utilize xylose in lignocellulosic biomass unless xylan is depolymerized to xylose.
25651533	1	60	theme	sources	164:170	arg1	utilization					128:138	Complete utilization	119:138	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass	119:197	Complete utilization of all available carbon sources in lignocellulosic biomass still remains a challenge in engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
25651533	5	61	theme	xylan	817:821	arg1	genes					833:837	xylan catabolic genes	817:837	xylan catabolic genes	817:837	The heterologous expression of xylan catabolic genes enabled S. cerevisiae to grow on xylan as a single carbon source in minimal medium.
27268480	1	0	theme	galactose	238:246	arg1	modifications					254:266	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	7	1	theme	genetic	1077:1083	arg1	disruption					1085:1094	genetic disruption	1077:1094	genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen	1077:1176	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	6	2	from	strength	1039:1046	arg1	tissues					1005:1011	the tissues	1001:1011	the tissues	1001:1011	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	6	2	from	strength	1039:1046	arg1	equivalent					1017:1026	equivalent	1017:1026	equivalent	1017:1026	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	9	3	theme	fixed	1641:1645	arg1	tissues					1654:1660	glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1626:1660	glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1626:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	7	4	theme	heart	1387:1391	arg1	valves					1393:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	11	5	theme	anti-Gal	2060:2067	arg1	antibody					2069:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	6	theme	present	2002:2008	arg1	antigen					1994:2000	a dominant xenogeneic antigen	1972:2000	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	5	7	theme	pig	830:832	arg1	tissue					834:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	2	8	theme	Gal	274:276	arg1	antigen					278:284	This Gal antigen	269:284	This Gal antigen	269:284	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	1	9	theme	antibody	182:189	arg1	levels					172:177	high levels	167:177	high levels of antibody	167:189	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	9	10	theme	durable	1679:1685	arg1	valves					1603:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves	1583:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1583:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	10	theme	durable	1679:1685	arg1	therapy					1687:1693	an effective durable therapy	1666:1693	an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years)	1666:1722	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	8	11	theme	Surgical	1427:1434	arg1	replacement					1448:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	11	12	dep	galactose	1956:1964	arg1	antigen					1994:2000	a dominant xenogeneic antigen	1972:2000	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	13	theme	human	2054:2058	arg1	antibody					2069:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	8	14	theme	valve	1442:1446	arg1	replacement					1448:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	4	15	theme	glutaraldehyde	675:688	arg1	pericardium					704:714	glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium	675:714	glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium	675:714	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	0	16	theme	heart	130:134	arg1	valves					136:141	bioprosthetic heart valves	116:141	bioprosthetic heart valves	116:141	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	17	theme	pig	864:866	arg1	tissue					868:873	standard pig tissue	855:873	standard pig tissue	855:873	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	7	18	theme	pig	1327:1329	arg1	pericardium					1331:1341	standard pig pericardium	1318:1341	standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves	1318:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	4	19	theme	porcine	696:702	arg1	pericardium					704:714	glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium	675:714	glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium	675:714	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	11	20	theme	galactose	1956:1964	arg1	interaction					1925:1935	the interaction	1921:1935	the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1921:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	6	21	theme	retention	974:982	arg1	testing					984:990	suture retention testing	967:990	suture retention testing	967:990	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	8	22	theme	proven	1465:1470	arg1	STATEMENT					1401:1409	STATEMENT	1401:1409	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1401:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	8	22	theme	proven	1465:1470	arg1	therapy					1484:1490	a proven life saving therapy	1463:1490	a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging	1463:1580	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	11	23	theme	age-dependent	1895:1907	arg1	SVD					1909:1911	age-dependent SVD	1895:1911	age-dependent SVD	1895:1911	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	0	24	theme	1,3	50:52	arg1	pericardium					77:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	3	25	theme	anti-Gal	564:571	arg1	antibody					573:580	anti-Gal antibody	564:580	anti-Gal antibody mediated injury	564:596	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	5	26	from	present	810:816	arg1	tissue					834:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	8	27	theme	saving	1477:1482	arg1	STATEMENT					1401:1409	STATEMENT	1401:1409	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1401:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	8	27	theme	saving	1477:1482	arg1	therapy					1484:1490	a proven life saving therapy	1463:1490	a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging	1463:1580	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	3	28	from	pigs	510:513	arg1	tissues					484:490	Gal-free animal tissues	468:490	Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO)	468:520	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	3	28	from	pigs	510:513	arg1	tissues					531:537	these tissues	525:537	these tissues	525:537	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	0	29	theme	free	64:67	arg1	pericardium					77:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	1	30	theme	UNLABELLED	144:153	arg1	Humans					155:160	UNLABELLED Humans	144:160	UNLABELLED Humans	144:160	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	6	31	theme	stress	948:953	arg1	testing					955:961	uniaxial stress testing	939:961	uniaxial stress testing	939:961	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	9	32	theme	age-dependent	1736:1748	arg1	SVD					1781:1783	SVD	1781:1783	SVD	1781:1783	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	32	theme	age-dependent	1736:1748	arg1	degeneration					1767:1778	age-dependent structural valve degeneration	1736:1778	age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years)	1736:1815	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	12	33	theme	first	2216:2220	arg1	step					2222:2225	a first step	2214:2225	a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs	2214:2254	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	0	34	theme	pericardium	77:87	arg1	equivalency					9:19	Physical equivalency	0:19	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.	0:142	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	35	from	tissue	834:839	arg1	antigen					788:794	the Gal antigen	780:794	the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue	780:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	35	from	tissue	834:839	arg1	present					810:816	present	810:816	present	810:816	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	36	theme	collagen	912:919	arg1	content					921:927	collagen content	912:927	collagen content	912:927	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	9	37	theme	valve	1761:1765	arg1	SVD					1781:1783	SVD	1781:1783	SVD	1781:1783	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	37	theme	valve	1761:1765	arg1	degeneration					1767:1778	age-dependent structural valve degeneration	1736:1778	age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years)	1736:1815	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	8	38	theme	heart	1501:1505	arg1	dysfunction					1513:1523	heart valve dysfunction	1501:1523	heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects	1501:1544	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	3	39	theme	growing	442:448	arg1	interest					450:457	growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury	442:596	growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury	442:596	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	2	40	theme	current	353:359	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	40	theme	current	353:359	arg1	devices					387:393	current animal derived biomedical devices	353:393	current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	353:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	4	41	dep	composition	628:638	arg1	the					624:626	the	624:626	the	624:626	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	6	42	theme	tensile	1031:1037	arg1	strength					1039:1046	tensile strength	1031:1046	tensile strength	1031:1046	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	0	43	theme	galactose	54:62	arg1	pericardium					77:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	12	44	theme	modified	2197:2204	arg1	pigs					2206:2209	genetically modified pigs	2185:2209	genetically modified pigs	2185:2209	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	0	45	theme	Physical	0:7	arg1	equivalency					9:19	Physical equivalency	0:19	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.	0:142	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	46	theme	same	884:887	arg1	morphology					897:906	the same general morphology	880:906	the same general morphology	880:906	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	9	47	from	degeneration	1767:1778	arg1	patients					1797:1804	younger patients	1789:1804	younger patients (<60years)	1789:1815	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	47	from	degeneration	1767:1778	arg1	<60years					1807:1814	<60years	1807:1814	<60years	1807:1814	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	2	48	theme	bioprosthetic	405:417	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	49	theme	devices	387:393	arg1	array					344:348	an array	341:348	an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	341:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	50	theme	Gal	784:786	arg1	antigen					788:794	the Gal antigen	780:794	the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue	780:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	50	theme	Gal	784:786	arg1	present					810:816	present	810:816	present	810:816	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	1	51	with	carbohydrates	194:206	arg1	modifications					254:266	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	9	52	theme	younger	1789:1795	arg1	patients					1797:1804	younger patients	1789:1804	younger patients (<60years)	1789:1815	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	52	theme	younger	1789:1795	arg1	<60years					1807:1814	<60years	1807:1814	<60years	1807:1814	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	12	53	theme	Gal-free	2159:2166	arg1	pericardium					2168:2178	Gal-free pericardium	2159:2178	Gal-free pericardium	2159:2178	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	2	54	theme	derived	368:374	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	54	theme	derived	368:374	arg1	devices					387:393	current animal derived biomedical devices	353:393	current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	353:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	0	55	theme	type	29:32	arg1	equivalency					9:19	Physical equivalency	0:19	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.	0:142	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	56	theme	α-galactosyltransferase	1103:1125	arg1	disruption					1085:1094	genetic disruption	1077:1094	genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen	1077:1176	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	9	57	theme	Bioprosthetic	1583:1595	arg1	valves					1603:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves	1583:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1583:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	57	theme	Bioprosthetic	1583:1595	arg1	therapy					1687:1693	an effective durable therapy	1666:1693	an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years)	1666:1722	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	57	theme	Bioprosthetic	1583:1595	arg1	BHV					1611:1613	BHV	1611:1613	BHV	1611:1613	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	11	58	theme	α	1950:1950	arg1	Gal					1967:1969	Gal	1967:1969	Gal	1967:1969	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	58	theme	α	1950:1950	arg1	galactose					1956:1964	galactose α 1,3 galactose	1940:1964	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	12	59	theme	standard	2130:2137	arg1	pericardium					2143:2153	standard pig pericardium	2130:2153	standard pig pericardium	2130:2153	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	7	60	theme	porcine	1235:1241	arg1	pericardium					1243:1253	porcine pericardium	1235:1253	porcine pericardium	1235:1253	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	8	61	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1414:1425	arg1	replacement					1448:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	7	62	contain	has	1178:1180	arg2	impact					1197:1202	no significant impact	1182:1202	no significant impact	1182:1202	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	62	contain	has	1178:1180	arg1	disruption					1085:1094	genetic disruption	1077:1094	genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen	1077:1176	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	1	63	theme	galactose	222:230	arg1	galactose					238:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose	213:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	1	63	theme	galactose	222:230	arg1	Gal					249:251	Gal	249:251	Gal	249:251	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	2	64	attach	present	330:336	arg2	antigen					278:284	This Gal antigen	269:284	This Gal antigen	269:284	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	64	attach	present	330:336	arg1	array					344:348	an array	341:348	an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	341:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	3	65	theme	animal	477:482	arg1	tissues					484:490	Gal-free animal tissues	468:490	Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO)	468:520	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	3	65	theme	animal	477:482	arg1	tissues					531:537	these tissues	525:537	these tissues	525:537	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	1	66	theme	1,3	234:236	arg1	galactose					238:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose	213:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	1	66	theme	1,3	234:236	arg1	Gal					249:251	Gal	249:251	Gal	249:251	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	6	67	from	equivalent	1017:1026	arg1	strength					1039:1046	tensile strength	1031:1046	tensile strength	1031:1046	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	9	68	theme	glutaraldehyde	1626:1639	arg1	tissues					1654:1660	glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1626:1660	glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1626:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	3	69	theme	knockout	501:508	arg1	GTKO					516:519	GTKO	516:519	GTKO	516:519	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	3	69	theme	knockout	501:508	arg1	pigs					510:513	Gal knockout pigs	497:513	Gal knockout pigs (GTKO)	497:520	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	1	70	theme	high	167:170	arg1	levels					172:177	high levels	167:177	high levels of antibody	167:189	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	0	71	theme	galactose	38:46	arg1	pericardium					77:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	9	72	theme	animal	1647:1652	arg1	tissues					1654:1660	glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1626:1660	glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1626:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	5	73	theme	standard	821:828	arg1	tissue					834:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	10	74	theme	BHV	1847:1849	arg1	calcification					1851:1863	BHV calcification	1847:1863	BHV calcification	1847:1863	SVD is principally caused by BHV calcification.
27268480	12	75	theme	tissue	2103:2108	arg1	equivalency					2110:2120	the tissue equivalency	2099:2120	the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs	2099:2209	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	0	76	theme	material	103:110	arg1	source					96:101	a new source	90:101	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.	0:142	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	11	77	theme	dominant	1974:1981	arg1	antigen					1994:2000	a dominant xenogeneic antigen	1972:2000	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	12	78	from	pigs	2206:2209	arg1	pericardium					2143:2153	standard pig pericardium	2130:2153	standard pig pericardium	2130:2153	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	12	78	from	pigs	2206:2209	arg1	pericardium					2168:2178	Gal-free pericardium	2159:2178	Gal-free pericardium	2159:2178	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	5	79	theme	antigen	788:794	arg1	exception					767:775	the exception	763:775	the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue	763:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	9	80	theme	effective	1669:1677	arg1	valves					1603:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves	1583:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1583:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	80	theme	effective	1669:1677	arg1	therapy					1687:1693	an effective durable therapy	1666:1693	an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years)	1666:1722	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	8	81	theme	heart	1436:1440	arg1	replacement					1448:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1414:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	7	82	theme	bioprosthetic	1373:1385	arg1	valves					1393:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	83	theme	other	309:313	arg1	mammals					315:321	other mammals	309:321	other mammals	309:321	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	0	84	theme	bioprosthetic	116:128	arg1	valves					136:141	bioprosthetic heart valves	116:141	bioprosthetic heart valves	116:141	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	85	located	present	810:816	arg2	antigen					788:794	the Gal antigen	780:794	the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue	780:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	85	located	present	810:816	arg1	tissue					834:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	85	located	present	810:816	arg2	present					810:816	present	810:816	present	810:816	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	9	86	from	therapy	1687:1693	arg1	>60years					1714:1721	>60years	1714:1721	>60years	1714:1721	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	86	from	therapy	1687:1693	arg1	patients					1704:1711	older patients	1698:1711	older patients (>60years)	1698:1722	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	8	87	theme	replacement	1448:1458	arg1	STATEMENT					1401:1409	STATEMENT	1401:1409	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1401:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	8	87	theme	replacement	1448:1458	arg1	therapy					1484:1490	a proven life saving therapy	1463:1490	a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging	1463:1580	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	5	88	contain	have	875:878	arg1	GTKO					846:849	GTKO	846:849	GTKO	846:849	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	88	contain	have	875:878	arg1	tissue					868:873	standard pig tissue	855:873	standard pig tissue	855:873	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	88	contain	have	875:878	arg2	content					921:927	collagen content	912:927	collagen content	912:927	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	88	contain	have	875:878	arg2	morphology					897:906	the same general morphology	880:906	the same general morphology	880:906	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	89	theme	standard	855:862	arg1	tissue					868:873	standard pig tissue	855:873	standard pig tissue	855:873	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	9	90	theme	older	1698:1702	arg1	>60years					1714:1721	>60years	1714:1721	>60years	1714:1721	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	90	theme	older	1698:1702	arg1	patients					1704:1711	older patients	1698:1711	older patients (>60years)	1698:1722	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	7	91	theme	biomedical	1346:1355	arg1	valves					1393:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	91	theme	biomedical	1346:1355	arg1	devices					1357:1363	biomedical devices	1346:1363	biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves	1346:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	11	92	theme	1,3	1952:1954	arg1	Gal					1967:1969	Gal	1967:1969	Gal	1967:1969	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	92	theme	1,3	1952:1954	arg1	galactose					1956:1964	galactose α 1,3 galactose	1940:1964	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	93	theme	abundant	2045:2052	arg1	antibody					2069:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	8	94	theme	life	1472:1475	arg1	STATEMENT					1401:1409	STATEMENT	1401:1409	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement	1401:1458	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	8	94	theme	life	1472:1475	arg1	therapy					1484:1490	a proven life saving therapy	1463:1490	a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging	1463:1580	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	4	95	theme	fixed	690:694	arg1	pericardium					704:714	glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium	675:714	glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium	675:714	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	7	96	theme	significant	1185:1195	arg1	impact					1197:1202	no significant impact	1182:1202	no significant impact	1182:1202	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	11	97	theme	galactose	1940:1948	arg1	Gal					1967:1969	Gal	1967:1969	Gal	1967:1969	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	97	theme	galactose	1940:1948	arg1	galactose					1956:1964	galactose α 1,3 galactose	1940:1964	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	6	98	theme	suture	967:972	arg1	testing					984:990	suture retention testing	967:990	suture retention testing	967:990	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	2	99	located	present	330:336	arg2	antigen					278:284	This Gal antigen	269:284	This Gal antigen	269:284	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	99	located	present	330:336	arg1	array					344:348	an array	341:348	an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	341:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	100	theme	standard	1318:1325	arg1	pericardium					1331:1341	standard pig pericardium	1318:1341	standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves	1318:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	101	theme	antigen	1170:1176	arg1	synthesis					1149:1157	synthesis	1149:1157	synthesis of the Gal antigen	1149:1176	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	0	102	theme	porcine	69:75	arg1	pericardium					77:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	12	103	theme	Gal-free	2242:2249	arg1	BHVs					2251:2254	Gal-free BHVs	2242:2254	Gal-free BHVs	2242:2254	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	4	104	theme	biophysical	644:654	arg1	characteristics					656:670	biophysical characteristics	644:670	biophysical characteristics	644:670	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	7	105	theme	Gal	1166:1168	arg1	antigen					1170:1176	the Gal antigen	1162:1176	the Gal antigen	1162:1176	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	4	106	from	pigs	739:742	arg1	composition					628:638	composition	628:638	composition	628:638	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	4	106	from	pigs	739:742	arg1	characteristics					656:670	biophysical characteristics	644:670	biophysical characteristics	644:670	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	11	107	theme	xenogeneic	1983:1992	arg1	antigen					1994:2000	a dominant xenogeneic antigen	1972:2000	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	6	108	theme	uniaxial	939:946	arg1	testing					955:961	uniaxial stress testing	939:961	uniaxial stress testing	939:961	Moreover uniaxial stress testing and suture retention testing indicate the tissues are equivalent in tensile strength.
27268480	9	109	theme	structural	1750:1759	arg1	SVD					1781:1783	SVD	1781:1783	SVD	1781:1783	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	109	theme	structural	1750:1759	arg1	degeneration					1767:1778	age-dependent structural valve degeneration	1736:1778	age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years)	1736:1815	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	8	110	theme	valve	1507:1511	arg1	dysfunction					1513:1523	heart valve dysfunction	1501:1523	heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects	1501:1544	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	4	111	theme	GTKO	734:737	arg1	pigs					739:742	standard and GTKO pigs	721:742	pigs	739:742	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	0	112	theme	new	92:94	arg1	source					96:101	a new source	90:101	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.	0:142	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	11	113	attach	present	2002:2008	arg1	BHVs					2024:2027	commercial BHVs	2013:2027	commercial BHVs	2013:2027	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	113	attach	present	2002:2008	arg1	antibody					2069:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	2033:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	11	113	attach	present	2002:2008	arg2	antigen					1994:2000	a dominant xenogeneic antigen	1972:2000	galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody	1940:2076	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	7	114	from	pericardium	1331:1341	arg1	valves					1393:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	bioprosthetic heart valves	1373:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	114	from	pericardium	1331:1341	arg1	devices					1357:1363	biomedical devices	1346:1363	biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves	1346:1398	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	115	theme	heart	419:423	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	8	116	theme	birth	1532:1536	arg1	defects					1538:1544	birth defects	1532:1544	birth defects	1532:1544	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	4	117	theme	pericardium	704:714	arg1	composition					628:638	composition	628:638	composition	628:638	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	4	117	theme	pericardium	704:714	arg1	characteristics					656:670	biophysical characteristics	644:670	biophysical characteristics	644:670	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	0	118	theme	wild	24:27	arg1	type					29:32	wild type	24:32	wild type	24:32	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	119	theme	general	889:895	arg1	morphology					897:906	the same general morphology	880:906	the same general morphology	880:906	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	4	120	theme	standard	721:728	arg1	pigs					739:742	standard and GTKO pigs	721:742	pigs	739:742	In this study we compare the composition and biophysical characteristics of glutaraldehyde fixed porcine pericardium from standard and GTKO pigs.
27268480	2	121	theme	biomedical	376:385	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	121	theme	biomedical	376:385	arg1	devices					387:393	current animal derived biomedical devices	353:393	current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	353:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	5	122	attach	present	810:816	arg2	antigen					788:794	the Gal antigen	780:794	the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue	780:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	122	attach	present	810:816	arg1	tissue					834:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	standard pig tissue	821:839	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	5	122	attach	present	810:816	arg2	present					810:816	present	810:816	present	810:816	We show that with the exception of the Gal antigen which is only present in standard pig tissue both GTKO and standard pig tissue have the same general morphology and collagen content.
27268480	11	123	theme	Immune	1866:1871	arg1	injury					1873:1878	Immune injury	1866:1878	Immune injury	1866:1878	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	2	124	theme	animal	361:366	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	124	theme	animal	361:366	arg1	devices					387:393	current animal derived biomedical devices	353:393	current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	353:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	0	125	theme	α	48:48	arg1	pericardium					77:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium	38:87	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	126	theme	pericardium	1243:1253	arg1	integrity					1222:1230	the structural integrity	1207:1230	the structural integrity of porcine pericardium	1207:1253	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	11	127	theme	commercial	2013:2022	arg1	BHVs					2024:2027	commercial BHVs	2013:2027	commercial BHVs	2013:2027	Immune injury contributes to age-dependent SVD through the interaction of galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) a dominant xenogeneic antigen present on commercial BHVs and universally abundant human anti-Gal antibody.
27268480	2	128	link	derived	368:374	arg1	valves					425:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	bioprosthetic heart valves	405:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	2	128	link	derived	368:374	arg1	devices					387:393	current animal derived biomedical devices	353:393	current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves	353:430	This Gal antigen is widely expressed in other mammals and is present on an array of current animal derived biomedical devices including bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	3	129	theme	Gal-free	468:475	arg1	tissues					484:490	Gal-free animal tissues	468:490	Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO)	468:520	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	3	129	theme	Gal-free	468:475	arg1	tissues					531:537	these tissues	525:537	these tissues	525:537	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	9	130	theme	heart	1597:1601	arg1	valves					1603:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves	1583:1608	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues	1583:1660	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	130	theme	heart	1597:1601	arg1	therapy					1687:1693	an effective durable therapy	1666:1693	an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years)	1666:1722	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	9	130	theme	heart	1597:1601	arg1	BHV					1611:1613	BHV	1611:1613	BHV	1611:1613	Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) made from glutaraldehyde fixed animal tissues are an effective durable therapy in older patients (>60years) but exhibit age-dependent structural valve degeneration (SVD) in younger patients (<60years).
27268480	8	131	theme	aging	1576:1580	arg1	dysfunction					1513:1523	heart valve dysfunction	1501:1523	heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects	1501:1544	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	8	131	theme	aging	1576:1580	arg1	infection					1547:1555	infection	1547:1555	infection	1547:1555	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	8	131	theme	aging	1576:1580	arg1	effects					1565:1571	the effects	1561:1571	the effects of aging	1561:1580	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Surgical heart valve replacement is a proven life saving therapy to treat heart valve dysfunction due to birth defects, infection and the effects of aging.
27268480	1	132	theme	terminal	213:220	arg1	galactose					238:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose	213:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	1	132	theme	terminal	213:220	arg1	Gal					249:251	Gal	249:251	Gal	249:251	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	0	133	dep	equivalency	9:19	arg1	source					96:101	a new source	90:101	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.	0:142	Physical equivalency of wild type and galactose α 1,3 galactose free porcine pericardium; a new source material for bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	7	134	theme	structural	1211:1220	arg1	integrity					1222:1230	the structural integrity	1207:1230	the structural integrity of porcine pericardium	1207:1253	These studies indicate that genetic disruption of the α-galactosyltransferase (GGTA-1) which blocks synthesis of the Gal antigen has no significant impact on the structural integrity of porcine pericardium and suggest that this tissue could be directly substituted for standard pig pericardium in biomedical devices such as bioprosthetic heart valves.
27268480	12	135	theme	pig	2139:2141	arg1	pericardium					2143:2153	standard pig pericardium	2130:2153	standard pig pericardium	2130:2153	This study measures the tissue equivalency between standard pig pericardium and Gal-free pericardium from genetically modified pigs as a first step towards making Gal-free BHVs.
27268480	3	136	theme	Gal	497:499	arg1	GTKO					516:519	GTKO	516:519	GTKO	516:519	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	3	136	theme	Gal	497:499	arg1	pigs					510:513	Gal knockout pigs	497:513	Gal knockout pigs (GTKO)	497:520	There is growing interest in using Gal-free animal tissues from Gal knockout pigs (GTKO) as these tissues would not be affected by anti-Gal antibody mediated injury.
27268480	1	137	theme	α	232:232	arg1	galactose					238:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose	213:246	terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications	213:266	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
27268480	1	137	theme	α	232:232	arg1	Gal					249:251	Gal	249:251	Gal	249:251	UNLABELLED Humans make high levels of antibody to carbohydrates with terminal galactose α 1,3 galactose (Gal) modifications.
26654967	9	0	from	ratio	1648:1652	arg1	meat					1668:1671	the breast meat	1657:1671	the breast meat	1657:1671	Moreover, the PUFA/SFA ratio in the breast meat was linearly increased when synbiotic was included in the CO-containing diets.
26654967	1	1	from	meat	380:383	arg1	broilers					388:395	broilers	388:395	broilers	388:395	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	10	2	theme	meat	1879:1882	arg1	quality					1884:1890	meat quality	1879:1890	meat quality	1879:1890	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	8	3	theme	fatty	1447:1451	arg1	acids					1453:1457	monounsaturated fatty acids	1431:1457	monounsaturated fatty acids	1431:1457	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	1	4	theme	meat	380:383	arg1	composition					324:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	4	theme	meat	380:383	arg1	stability					350:358	oxidative stability	340:358	oxidative stability	340:358	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	4	theme	meat	380:383	arg1	performance					278:288	performance	278:288	performance	278:288	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	4	theme	meat	380:383	arg1	lipids					297:302	blood lipids	291:302	blood lipids	291:302	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	5	5	theme	substances	1010:1019	arg1	content					1029:1035	2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content	979:1035	2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat	979:1060	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	7	6	theme	storage	1276:1282	arg1	30 d					1268:1271	30 d	1268:1271	30 d of storage at 4°C	1268:1289	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	2	7	theme	birds	515:519	arg1	4					496:496	4	496:496	4	496:496	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	2	7	theme	birds	515:519	arg1	birds					515:519	25 birds	512:519	25 birds per treatment	512:533	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	0	8	theme	broiler	63:69	arg1	performance					71:81	broiler performance	63:81	broiler performance	63:81	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	5	9	from	composition	963:973	arg1	thigh					1051:1055	thigh	1051:1055	thigh	1051:1055	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	5	9	from	composition	963:973	arg1	breast					1040:1045	breast	1040:1045	breast	1040:1045	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	9	10	theme	CO-containing	1731:1743	arg1	diets					1745:1749	the CO-containing diets	1727:1749	the CO-containing diets	1727:1749	Moreover, the PUFA/SFA ratio in the breast meat was linearly increased when synbiotic was included in the CO-containing diets.
26654967	0	11	theme	fatty	105:109	arg1	profile					116:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	8	12	theme	FA	1552:1553	arg1	profile					1555:1561	the FA profile	1548:1561	the FA profile of breast meat	1548:1576	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	11	13	theme	PUFA/SFA	1992:1999	arg1	ratio					2001:2005	PUFA/SFA ratio	1992:2005	PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers	1992:2032	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	4	14	theme	Dietary	774:780	arg1	type					786:789	Dietary fat type	774:789	Dietary fat type	774:789	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	5	15	dep	breast	1040:1045	arg1	meat					1057:1060	meat	1057:1060	meat	1057:1060	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	5	16	from	profile	948:954	arg1	thigh					1051:1055	thigh	1051:1055	thigh	1051:1055	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	5	16	from	profile	948:954	arg1	breast					1040:1045	breast	1040:1045	breast	1040:1045	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	1	17	theme	oxidative	340:348	arg1	stability					350:358	oxidative stability	340:358	oxidative stability	340:358	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	3	18	from	synbiotic	638:646	arg1	rate					752:755	an inclusion rate	739:755	an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	739:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	0	19	theme	meat	128:131	arg1	quality					133:139	meat quality	128:139	meat quality	128:139	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	3	20	dep	oil	707:709	arg1	SO					712:713	SO	712:713	SO	712:713	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	8	21	theme	meat	1573:1576	arg1	profile					1555:1561	the FA profile	1548:1561	the FA profile of breast meat	1548:1576	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	3	22	theme	oil	726:728	arg1	types					683:687	2 types	681:687	2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	681:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	22	theme	oil	726:728	arg1	synbiotic					638:646	synbiotic	638:646	synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet)	638:675	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	22	theme	oil	726:728	arg1	diet					671:674	0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet	649:674	0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet	649:674	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	23	theme	fat	692:694	arg1	oil					707:709	fat [sunflower oil	692:709	fat [sunflower oil (SO)	692:714	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	5	24	from	content	1029:1035	arg1	thigh					1051:1055	thigh	1051:1055	thigh	1051:1055	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	5	24	from	content	1029:1035	arg1	breast					1040:1045	breast	1040:1045	breast	1040:1045	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	2	25	theme	chickens	436:443	arg1	total					400:404	A total	398:404	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	398:443	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	3	26	from	rate	752:755	arg1	diet					671:674	0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet	649:674	0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet	649:674	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	26	from	rate	752:755	arg1	oil					726:728	canola oil	719:728	canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	719:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	26	from	rate	752:755	arg1	oil					707:709	fat [sunflower oil	692:709	fat [sunflower oil (SO)	692:714	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	26	from	rate	752:755	arg1	synbiotic					638:646	synbiotic	638:646	synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet)	638:675	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	26	from	rate	752:755	arg1	CO					731:732	CO	731:732	CO	731:732	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	26	from	rate	752:755	arg1	types					683:687	2 types	681:687	2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	681:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	27	theme	types	683:687	arg1	concentrations					620:633	4 concentrations	618:633	4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	618:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	1	28	theme	blood	291:295	arg1	lipids					297:302	blood lipids	291:302	blood lipids	291:302	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	2	29	theme	male	423:426	arg1	chickens					436:443	800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	409:443	800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	409:443	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	10	30	theme	growth	1835:1840	arg1	performance					1842:1852	growth performance	1835:1852	growth performance	1835:1852	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	1	31	from	breast	363:368	arg1	broilers					388:395	broilers	388:395	broilers	388:395	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	7	32	from	value	1242:1246	arg1	meat					1257:1260	thigh meat	1251:1260	thigh meat	1251:1260	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	11	33	theme	meat	2017:2020	arg1	ratio					2001:2005	PUFA/SFA ratio	1992:2005	PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers	1992:2032	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	0	34	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	profile					116:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	0	34	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	quality					133:139	meat quality	128:139	meat quality	128:139	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	0	34	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	performance					71:81	broiler performance	63:81	broiler performance	63:81	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	0	34	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	lipids					90:95	serum lipids	84:95	serum lipids	84:95	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	3	35	theme	oil	707:709	arg1	types					683:687	2 types	681:687	2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	681:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	35	theme	oil	707:709	arg1	synbiotic					638:646	synbiotic	638:646	synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet)	638:675	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	35	theme	oil	707:709	arg1	diet					671:674	0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet	649:674	0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet	649:674	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	0	36	theme	serum	84:88	arg1	lipids					90:95	serum lipids	84:95	serum lipids	84:95	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	1	37	theme	acid	314:317	arg1	composition					324:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	4	38	theme	conversion	837:846	arg1	FCR					855:857	FCR	855:857	FCR	855:857	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	38	theme	conversion	837:846	arg1	ratio					848:852	feed conversion ratio	832:852	feed conversion ratio (FCR)	832:858	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	39	theme	body	806:809	arg1	BWG					824:826	BWG	824:826	BWG	824:826	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	39	theme	body	806:809	arg1	gain					818:821	body weight gain	806:821	body weight gain (BWG)	806:827	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	5	40	theme	FA	960:961	arg1	composition					963:973	FA composition	960:973	FA composition	960:973	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	11	41	theme	synbiotic	1929:1937	arg1	use					1922:1924	the use	1918:1924	the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers	1918:2032	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	0	42	theme	synbiotic	10:18	arg1	supplementation					20:34	synbiotic supplementation	10:34	synbiotic supplementation	10:34	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	7	43	theme	inclusion	1331:1339	arg1	concentrations					1341:1354	the synbiotic inclusion concentrations	1317:1354	the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets	1317:1367	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	3	44	theme	50 g/kg	760:766	arg1	diet					768:771	50 g/kg diet	760:771	50 g/kg diet	760:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	11	45	theme	canola	1967:1972	arg1	oil					1974:1976	canola oil	1967:1976	canola oil	1967:1976	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	3	46	theme	factorial	572:580	arg1	arrangement					582:592	a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement	564:592	a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	564:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	1	47	theme	fat	271:273	arg1	types					262:266	two different types	248:266	two different types of fat	248:273	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	7	48	from	concentrations	1341:1354	arg1	diets					1363:1367	the diets	1359:1367	the diets	1359:1367	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	9	49	theme	PUFA/SFA	1639:1646	arg1	ratio					1648:1652	the PUFA/SFA ratio	1635:1652	the PUFA/SFA ratio in the breast meat	1635:1671	Moreover, the PUFA/SFA ratio in the breast meat was linearly increased when synbiotic was included in the CO-containing diets.
26654967	5	50	theme	serum	936:940	arg1	profile					948:954	serum lipid profile	936:954	serum lipid profile	936:954	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	3	51	from	types	683:687	arg1	rate					752:755	an inclusion rate	739:755	an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	739:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	6	52	theme	lipoprotein	1192:1202	arg1	cholesterol					1204:1214	low-density lipoprotein cholesterol	1180:1214	low-density lipoprotein cholesterol	1180:1214	The addition of synbiotic to the diet linearly improved overall BWG and FCR and also decreased serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
26654967	4	53	theme	experimental	879:890	arg1	0-42 d					900:905	0-42 d	900:905	0-42 d	900:905	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	53	theme	experimental	879:890	arg1	period					892:897	the overall experimental period	867:897	the overall experimental period (0-42 d)	867:906	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	9	54	theme	breast	1661:1666	arg1	meat					1668:1671	the breast meat	1657:1671	the breast meat	1657:1671	Moreover, the PUFA/SFA ratio in the breast meat was linearly increased when synbiotic was included in the CO-containing diets.
26654967	11	55	from	ratio	2001:2005	arg1	broilers					2025:2032	broilers	2025:2032	broilers	2025:2032	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	8	56	theme	polyunsaturated	1477:1491	arg1	PUFA					1505:1508	PUFA	1505:1508	PUFA	1505:1508	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	8	56	theme	polyunsaturated	1477:1491	arg1	acid					1499:1502	n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid	1473:1502	n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat	1473:1537	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	10	57	theme	broiler	1796:1802	arg1	diets					1804:1808	broiler diets	1796:1808	broiler diets	1796:1808	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	3	58	theme	synbiotic	638:646	arg1	concentrations					620:633	4 concentrations	618:633	4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	618:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	1	59	from	performance	278:288	arg1	broilers					388:395	broilers	388:395	broilers	388:395	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	8	60	theme	acid	1499:1502	arg1	concentration					1511:1523	n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration	1473:1523	n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat	1473:1537	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	5	61	theme	acid-reactive	996:1008	arg1	TBARS					1022:1026	TBARS	1022:1026	TBARS	1022:1026	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	5	61	theme	acid-reactive	996:1008	arg1	substances					1010:1019	2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances	979:1019	2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat	979:1060	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	8	62	theme	monounsaturated	1431:1445	arg1	acids					1453:1457	monounsaturated fatty acids	1431:1457	monounsaturated fatty acids	1431:1457	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	4	63	theme	weight	811:816	arg1	BWG					824:826	BWG	824:826	BWG	824:826	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	63	theme	weight	811:816	arg1	gain					818:821	body weight gain	806:821	body weight gain (BWG)	806:827	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	8	64	theme	acids	1453:1457	arg1	proportion					1417:1426	the proportion	1413:1426	the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids	1413:1457	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	1	65	theme	42-d	144:147	arg1	trial					149:153	A 42-d trial	142:153	A 42-d trial	142:153	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	0	66	theme	fat	48:50	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.	0:140	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	7	67	theme	thigh	1251:1255	arg1	meat					1257:1260	thigh meat	1251:1260	thigh meat	1251:1260	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	7	68	theme	TBARS	1236:1240	arg1	value					1242:1246	The TBARS value	1232:1246	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C	1232:1289	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	6	69	theme	serum	1158:1162	arg1	cholesterol					1164:1174	serum cholesterol	1158:1174	serum cholesterol	1158:1174	The addition of synbiotic to the diet linearly improved overall BWG and FCR and also decreased serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
26654967	8	70	theme	thigh	1528:1532	arg1	meat					1534:1537	thigh meat	1528:1537	thigh meat	1528:1537	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	1	71	from	lipids	297:302	arg1	broilers					388:395	broilers	388:395	broilers	388:395	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	0	72	theme	acid	111:114	arg1	profile					116:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	6	73	theme	overall	1119:1125	arg1	BWG					1127:1129	overall BWG	1119:1129	overall BWG	1119:1129	The addition of synbiotic to the diet linearly improved overall BWG and FCR and also decreased serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
26654967	6	74	theme	synbiotic	1079:1087	arg1	addition					1067:1074	The addition	1063:1074	The addition of synbiotic to the diet	1063:1099	The addition of synbiotic to the diet linearly improved overall BWG and FCR and also decreased serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
26654967	10	75	theme	lipid	1861:1865	arg1	profile					1867:1873	blood lipid profile	1855:1873	blood lipid profile	1855:1873	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	10	76	theme	synbiotic	1783:1791	arg1	addition					1771:1778	the addition	1767:1778	the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets	1767:1808	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	1	77	from	effect	188:193	arg1	composition					324:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	77	from	effect	188:193	arg1	performance					278:288	performance	278:288	performance	278:288	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	77	from	effect	188:193	arg1	lipids					297:302	blood lipids	291:302	blood lipids	291:302	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	7	78	from	4°C	1287:1289	arg1	30 d					1268:1271	30 d	1268:1271	30 d of storage at 4°C	1268:1289	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	1	79	theme	breast	363:368	arg1	composition					324:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	79	theme	breast	363:368	arg1	stability					350:358	oxidative stability	340:358	oxidative stability	340:358	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	79	theme	breast	363:368	arg1	performance					278:288	performance	278:288	performance	278:288	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	79	theme	breast	363:368	arg1	lipids					297:302	blood lipids	291:302	blood lipids	291:302	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	80	contain	containing	237:246	arg1	diets					231:235	diets	231:235	diets containing two different types of fat	231:273	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	80	contain	containing	237:246	arg2	types					262:266	two different types	248:266	two different types of fat	248:273	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	8	81	theme	breast	1566:1571	arg1	meat					1573:1576	breast meat	1566:1576	breast meat	1566:1576	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	3	82	theme	[sunflower	696:705	arg1	oil					707:709	fat [sunflower oil	692:709	fat [sunflower oil (SO)	692:714	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	6	83	theme	low-density	1180:1190	arg1	lipoprotein					1192:1202	low-density lipoprotein	1180:1202	low-density lipoprotein cholesterol	1180:1214	The addition of synbiotic to the diet linearly improved overall BWG and FCR and also decreased serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
26654967	1	84	theme	thigh	374:378	arg1	meat					380:383	thigh meat	374:383	thigh meat	374:383	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	3	85	theme	canola	719:724	arg1	oil					726:728	canola oil	719:728	canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	719:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	3	85	theme	canola	719:724	arg1	CO					731:732	CO	731:732	CO	731:732	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	2	86	theme	broiler	428:434	arg1	chickens					436:443	800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	409:443	800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	409:443	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	1	87	from	stability	350:358	arg1	broilers					388:395	broilers	388:395	broilers	388:395	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	5	88	theme	fat	918:920	arg1	type					922:925	fat type	918:925	fat type	918:925	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	2	89	theme	one-d-old	413:421	arg1	chickens					436:443	800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	409:443	800 one-d-old male broiler chickens	409:443	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	1	90	theme	fatty	308:312	arg1	FA					320:321	FA	320:321	FA	320:321	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	90	theme	fatty	308:312	arg1	acid					314:317	fatty acid	308:317	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	8	91	theme	synbiotic	1598:1606	arg1	supplementation					1608:1622	synbiotic supplementation	1598:1622	synbiotic supplementation	1598:1622	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	10	92	theme	blood	1855:1859	arg1	profile					1867:1873	blood lipid profile	1855:1873	blood lipid profile	1855:1873	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	4	93	theme	fat	782:784	arg1	type					786:789	Dietary fat type	774:789	Dietary fat type	774:789	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	10	94	contain	had	1810:1812	arg2	effect					1825:1830	a positive effect	1814:1830	a positive effect	1814:1830	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	10	94	contain	had	1810:1812	arg1	addition					1771:1778	the addition	1767:1778	the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets	1767:1808	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	10	95	theme	positive	1816:1823	arg1	effect					1825:1830	a positive effect	1814:1830	a positive effect	1814:1830	In conclusion, the addition of synbiotic to broiler diets had a positive effect on growth performance, blood lipid profile and meat quality.
26654967	0	96	theme	muscle	98:103	arg1	profile					116:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	muscle fatty acid profile	98:122	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	6	97	dep	cholesterol	1164:1174	arg1	concentrations					1216:1229	concentrations	1216:1229	concentrations	1216:1229	The addition of synbiotic to the diet linearly improved overall BWG and FCR and also decreased serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
26654967	8	98	theme	fatty	1493:1497	arg1	PUFA					1505:1508	PUFA	1505:1508	PUFA	1505:1508	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	8	98	theme	fatty	1493:1497	arg1	acid					1499:1502	n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid	1473:1502	n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat	1473:1537	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	11	99	theme	breast	2010:2015	arg1	meat					2017:2020	breast meat	2010:2020	breast meat	2010:2020	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	1	100	from	composition	324:334	arg1	broilers					388:395	broilers	388:395	broilers	388:395	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	8	101	dep	decreased	1403:1411	arg1	whereas					1540:1546	whereas	1540:1546	whereas	1540:1546	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	3	102	theme	inclusion	742:750	arg1	rate					752:755	an inclusion rate	739:755	an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	739:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	4	103	theme	feed	832:835	arg1	FCR					855:857	FCR	855:857	FCR	855:857	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	103	theme	feed	832:835	arg1	ratio					848:852	feed conversion ratio	832:852	feed conversion ratio (FCR)	832:858	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	0	104	theme	supplementation	20:34	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.	0:140	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	1	105	theme	different	252:260	arg1	types					262:266	two different types	248:266	two different types of fat	248:273	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	3	106	theme	4 × 2	566:570	arg1	arrangement					582:592	a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement	564:592	a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	564:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	0	107	theme	dietary	40:46	arg1	fat					48:50	dietary fat	40:50	dietary fat	40:50	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	5	108	theme	2-thiobarbituric	979:994	arg1	TBARS					1022:1026	TBARS	1022:1026	TBARS	1022:1026	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	5	108	theme	2-thiobarbituric	979:994	arg1	substances					1010:1019	2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances	979:1019	2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat	979:1060	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	3	109	theme	diet	768:771	arg1	rate					752:755	an inclusion rate	739:755	an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	739:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	11	110	theme	oil	1974:1976	arg1	capacity					1955:1962	the capacity	1951:1962	the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers	1951:2032	The results also support the use of synbiotic to increase the capacity of canola oil for enhancing PUFA/SFA ratio of breast meat in broilers.
26654967	8	111	theme	Dietary	1380:1386	arg1	synbiotic					1388:1396	Dietary synbiotic	1380:1396	Dietary synbiotic	1380:1396	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	5	112	theme	lipid	942:946	arg1	profile					948:954	serum lipid profile	936:954	serum lipid profile	936:954	However, fat type modified serum lipid profile and FA composition and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content in breast and thigh meat.
26654967	7	113	theme	synbiotic	1321:1329	arg1	concentrations					1341:1354	the synbiotic inclusion concentrations	1317:1354	the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets	1317:1367	The TBARS value in thigh meat after 30 d of storage at 4°C was linearly decreased as the synbiotic inclusion concentrations in the diets increased.
26654967	3	114	theme	treatments	597:606	arg1	arrangement					582:592	a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement	564:592	a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet	564:771	The experiment consisted of a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments including 4 concentrations of synbiotic (0, 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/kg diet) and 2 types of fat [sunflower oil (SO) or canola oil (CO)] at an inclusion rate of 50 g/kg diet.
26654967	8	115	from	concentration	1511:1523	arg1	meat					1534:1537	thigh meat	1528:1537	thigh meat	1528:1537	Dietary synbiotic also decreased the proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids and increased n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration in thigh meat, whereas the FA profile of breast meat was not affected by synbiotic supplementation.
26654967	0	116	dep	supplementation	20:34	arg1	sources					52:58	sources	52:58	sources	52:58	Effect of synbiotic supplementation and dietary fat sources on broiler performance, serum lipids, muscle fatty acid profile and meat quality.
26654967	4	117	theme	overall	871:877	arg1	0-42 d					900:905	0-42 d	900:905	0-42 d	900:905	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	4	117	theme	overall	871:877	arg1	period					892:897	the overall experimental period	867:897	the overall experimental period (0-42 d)	867:906	Dietary fat type did not affect body weight gain (BWG) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the overall experimental period (0-42 d).
26654967	2	118	with	treatments	480:489	arg1	4					496:496	4	496:496	4	496:496	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	2	118	with	treatments	480:489	arg1	birds					515:519	25 birds	512:519	25 birds per treatment	512:533	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	2	119	dep	4	496:496	arg1	replicates					498:507	replicates	498:507	replicates	498:507	A total of 800 one-d-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned into 1 of 8 treatments with 4 replicates of 25 birds per treatment.
26654967	1	120	from	broilers	388:395	arg1	composition					324:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	fatty acid (FA) composition	308:334	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	120	from	broilers	388:395	arg1	stability					350:358	oxidative stability	340:358	oxidative stability	340:358	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	120	from	broilers	388:395	arg1	performance					278:288	performance	278:288	performance	278:288	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	120	from	broilers	388:395	arg1	lipids					297:302	blood lipids	291:302	blood lipids	291:302	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
26654967	1	121	theme	synbiotic	207:215	arg1	supplement					217:226	a synbiotic supplement	205:226	a synbiotic supplement	205:226	A 42-d trial was conducted to investigate the effect of adding a synbiotic supplement to diets containing two different types of fat on performance, blood lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative stability of breast and thigh meat in broilers.
24801597	2	0	theme	µm	422:423	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	0	theme	µm	422:423	arg1	gaps					411:414	4 gaps	409:414	4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm	409:450	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	0	theme	µm	422:423	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	3	1	theme	sucrose	557:563	arg1	solution					565:572	a 20% sucrose solution	551:572	a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes	551:587	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes.
24801597	4	2	theme	lesion	719:724	arg1	LD					733:734	LD	733:734	LD	733:734	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	4	2	theme	lesion	719:724	arg1	depth					726:730	lesion depth	719:730	lesion depth (LD)	719:735	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	1	3	from	size	132:135	arg1	dentin					168:173	dentin	168:173	dentin next to 2 composite materials	168:203	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	7	4	theme	lesion	1087:1092	arg1	depth					1094:1098	lesion depth	1087:1098	lesion depth for the different gap sizes	1087:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	2	5	theme	µm	438:439	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	5	theme	µm	438:439	arg1	gaps					411:414	4 gaps	409:414	4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm	409:450	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	5	theme	µm	438:439	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	3	6	theme	20	553:554	arg1	%					555:555	%	555:555	%	555:555	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes.
24801597	8	7	theme	mineral	1279:1285	arg1	loss					1287:1290	mineral loss	1279:1290	mineral loss	1279:1290	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	9	8	theme	non-bonded	1353:1362	arg1	interface					1364:1372	a non-bonded interface	1351:1372	a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap	1351:1397	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	4	9	theme	caries	607:612	arg1	development					614:624	caries development	607:624	caries development	607:624	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	1	10	theme	relevant	231:238	arg1	threshold					240:248	a clinically relevant threshold	218:248	a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size	218:265	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	4	11	theme	different	784:792	arg1	interfaces					794:803	the 5 different interfaces	778:803	the 5 different interfaces	778:803	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	3	12	dep	times	500:504	arg1	splint					517:522	the splint	513:522	the splint with samples	513:535	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes.
24801597	3	12	dep	times	500:504	arg1	day					508:510	a day	506:510	a day	506:510	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes.
24801597	7	13	theme	different	1108:1116	arg1	sizes					1122:1126	the different gap sizes	1104:1126	the different gap sizes	1104:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	1	14	theme	wall	141:144	arg1	development					153:163	wall lesion development	141:163	wall lesion development	141:163	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	2	15	theme	µm	430:431	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	15	theme	µm	430:431	arg1	gaps					411:414	4 gaps	409:414	4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm	409:450	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	15	theme	µm	430:431	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	1	16	theme	in	61:62	arg1	study					69:73	This in situ study	56:73	This in situ study	56:73	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	1	17	theme	lesion	146:151	arg1	development					153:163	wall lesion development	141:163	wall lesion development	141:163	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	2	18	dep	interfaces	397:406	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	18	dep	interfaces	397:406	arg1	gaps					411:414	4 gaps	409:414	4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm	409:450	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	18	dep	interfaces	397:406	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	19	theme	modified	323:330	arg1	splint					341:346	a modified occlusal splint	321:346	a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples	321:378	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	0	20	theme	Gap	0:2	arg1	size					4:7	Gap size	0:7	Gap size	0:7	Gap size and wall lesion development next to composite.
24801597	6	21	theme	gap	1050:1052	arg1	size					1054:1057	the gap size	1046:1057	the gap size	1046:1057	Results showed no trend for a relationship between the corrected lesion depth and the gap size.
24801597	7	22	from	differences	1072:1082	arg1	depth					1094:1098	lesion depth	1087:1098	lesion depth for the different gap sizes	1087:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	5	23	dep	location	842:849	arg1	distal					867:872	distal	867:872	distal	867:872	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	5	23	dep	location	842:849	arg1	mesial					857:862	mesial	857:862	mesial	857:862	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	7	24	theme	gap	1118:1120	arg1	sizes					1122:1126	the different gap sizes	1104:1126	the different gap sizes	1104:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	0	25	theme	wall	13:16	arg1	development					25:35	wall lesion development	13:35	wall lesion development	13:35	Gap size and wall lesion development next to composite.
24801597	5	26	theme	confounder	831:840	arg1	location					842:849	the confounder location	827:849	the confounder location (more mesial or distal)	827:873	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	2	27	theme	µm	449:450	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	27	theme	µm	449:450	arg1	gaps					411:414	4 gaps	409:414	4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm	409:450	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	27	theme	µm	449:450	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	7	28	from	None	1060:1063	arg1	depth					1094:1098	lesion depth	1087:1098	lesion depth for the different gap sizes	1087:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	2	29	theme	different	387:395	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	29	theme	different	387:395	arg1	gaps					411:414	4 gaps	409:414	4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm	409:450	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	29	theme	different	387:395	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	5	30	theme	paired	878:883	arg1	test					887:890	a paired t test	876:890	a paired t test clustered within volunteers	876:918	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	8	31	theme	composite	1169:1177	arg1	material					1179:1186	the composite material	1165:1186	the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme)	1165:1211	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	3	32	with	splint	517:522	arg1	samples					529:535	samples	529:535	samples	529:535	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes.
24801597	2	33	theme	dentin	365:370	arg1	samples					372:378	human dentin samples	359:378	human dentin samples	359:378	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	1	34	theme	gap	258:260	arg1	size					262:265	the gap size	254:265	the gap size	254:265	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	5	35	theme	t	885:885	arg1	test					887:890	a paired t test	876:890	a paired t test clustered within volunteers	876:918	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	8	36	dep	material	1179:1186	arg1	AP-X					1189:1192	AP-X	1189:1192	AP-X	1189:1192	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	8	36	dep	material	1179:1186	arg1	Supreme					1204:1210	Filtek Supreme	1197:1210	Filtek Supreme	1197:1210	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	2	37	theme	human	359:363	arg1	samples					372:378	human dentin samples	359:378	human dentin samples	359:378	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	0	38	theme	lesion	18:23	arg1	development					25:35	wall lesion development	13:35	wall lesion development	13:35	Gap size and wall lesion development next to composite.
24801597	5	39	theme	widths	956:961	arg1	comparison					938:947	comparison	938:947	comparison of gap widths	938:961	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	4	40	theme	wavelength-independent	666:687	arg1	microradiography					689:704	transversal wavelength-independent microradiography	654:704	transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM)	654:712	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	4	40	theme	wavelength-independent	666:687	arg1	T-WIM					707:711	T-WIM	707:711	T-WIM	707:711	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	9	41	theme	wall	1400:1403	arg1	development					1412:1422	wall lesion development	1400:1422	wall lesion development	1400:1422	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	4	42	theme	mineral	741:747	arg1	loss					749:752	mineral loss	741:752	mineral loss (ML)	741:757	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	4	42	theme	mineral	741:747	arg1	ML					755:756	ML	755:756	ML	755:756	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	8	43	theme	Filtek	1197:1202	arg1	Supreme					1204:1210	Filtek Supreme	1197:1210	Filtek Supreme	1197:1210	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	7	44	from	depth	1094:1098	arg1	None					1060:1063	None	1060:1063	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes	1060:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	7	45	theme	differences	1072:1082	arg1	None					1060:1063	None	1060:1063	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes	1060:1126	None of the differences in lesion depth for the different gap sizes was statistically significant.
24801597	5	46	theme	gap	952:954	arg1	widths					956:961	gap widths	952:961	gap widths	952:961	After correction for the confounder location (more mesial or distal), a paired t test clustered within volunteers was performed for comparison of gap widths.
24801597	2	47	theme	non-bonded	458:467	arg1	interfaces					397:406	5 different interfaces	385:406	5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface	385:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	47	theme	non-bonded	458:467	arg1	interface					469:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	1 non-bonded interface	456:477	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	48	contain	containing	348:357	arg2	samples					372:378	human dentin samples	359:378	human dentin samples	359:378	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	2	48	contain	containing	348:357	arg1	splint					341:346	a modified occlusal splint	321:346	a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples	321:378	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	6	49	theme	lesion	1029:1034	arg1	depth					1036:1040	the corrected lesion depth	1015:1040	the corrected lesion depth	1015:1040	Results showed no trend for a relationship between the corrected lesion depth and the gap size.
24801597	1	50	dep	in	61:62	arg1	situ					64:67	situ	64:67	situ	64:67	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	8	51	theme	lesion	1262:1267	arg1	depth					1269:1273	lesion depth	1262:1273	lesion depth	1262:1273	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	6	52	theme	corrected	1019:1027	arg1	depth					1036:1040	the corrected lesion depth	1015:1040	the corrected lesion depth	1015:1040	Results showed no trend for a relationship between the corrected lesion depth and the gap size.
24801597	1	53	theme	composite	185:193	arg1	materials					195:203	2 composite materials	183:203	2 composite materials	183:203	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	8	54	theme	significant	1235:1245	arg1	differences					1247:1257	no statistically significant differences	1218:1257	no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss	1218:1290	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	1	55	from	development	153:163	arg1	dentin					168:173	dentin	168:173	dentin next to 2 composite materials	168:203	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	9	56	theme	minimum	1295:1301	arg1	size					1307:1310	A minimum gap size	1293:1310	A minimum gap size	1293:1310	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	4	57	theme	transversal	654:664	arg1	microradiography					689:704	transversal wavelength-independent microradiography	654:704	transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM)	654:712	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	4	57	theme	transversal	654:664	arg1	T-WIM					707:711	T-WIM	707:711	T-WIM	707:711	Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength-independent microradiography (T-WIM), and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated at the 5 different interfaces.
24801597	9	58	theme	gap	1303:1305	arg1	size					1307:1310	A minimum gap size	1293:1310	A minimum gap size	1293:1310	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	2	59	theme	occlusal	332:339	arg1	splint					341:346	a modified occlusal splint	321:346	a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples	321:378	For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with 5 different interfaces: 4 gaps of 50 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, or 400 µm and 1 non-bonded interface without a gap.
24801597	8	60	from	differences	1247:1257	arg1	depth					1269:1273	lesion depth	1262:1273	lesion depth	1262:1273	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	8	60	from	differences	1247:1257	arg1	loss					1287:1290	mineral loss	1279:1290	mineral loss	1279:1290	Also, the composite material (AP-X or Filtek Supreme) gave no statistically significant differences in lesion depth and mineral loss.
24801597	3	61	theme	%	555:555	arg1	solution					565:572	a 20% sucrose solution	551:572	a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes	551:587	Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 minutes.
24801597	9	62	theme	lesion	1405:1410	arg1	development					1412:1422	wall lesion development	1400:1422	wall lesion development	1400:1422	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	1	63	theme	gap	128:130	arg1	size					132:135	gap size	128:135	gap size	128:135	This in situ study investigated whether there is a relationship between gap size and wall lesion development in dentin next to 2 composite materials, and whether a clinically relevant threshold for the gap size could be established.
24801597	9	64	theme	measurable	1384:1393	arg1	gap					1395:1397	a measurable gap	1382:1397	a measurable gap	1382:1397	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	9	65	located	observed	1434:1441	arg2	development					1412:1422	wall lesion development	1400:1422	wall lesion development	1400:1422	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
24801597	9	65	located	observed	1434:1441	arg1	interface					1364:1372	a non-bonded interface	1351:1372	a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap	1351:1397	A minimum gap size could not be established, although, in a non-bonded interface without a measurable gap, wall lesion development was never observed.
25784160	4	0	theme	silicon	803:809	arg1	dioxide					811:817	silicon dioxide	803:817	silicon dioxide	803:817	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	5	1	theme	continuous-flow	868:882	arg1	MBRs					884:887	continuous-flow MBRs	868:887	continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater	868:907	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	5	2	theme	control	1013:1019	arg1	test					1021:1024	the control test	1009:1024	the control test	1009:1024	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	0	3	theme	electric	104:111	arg1	field					113:117	an external electric field	92:117	an external electric field in membrane bioreactors	92:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	4	4	theme	particles	819:827	arg1	filtration					735:744	filtration	735:744	filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants	735:845	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	7	5	theme	sustainable	1424:1434	arg1	operation					1436:1444	a sustainable operation	1422:1444	a sustainable operation of MBRs	1422:1452	The results of this study shed light on the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs.
25784160	6	6	theme	soluble	1214:1220	arg1	products					1232:1239	soluble microbial products	1214:1239	soluble microbial products	1214:1239	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	3	7	theme	voltammetry	539:549	arg1	analyses					594:601	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses	526:601	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses	526:601	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	3	8	theme	impedance	571:579	arg1	spectroscopy					581:592	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	555:592	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	555:592	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	0	9	theme	external	95:102	arg1	field					113:117	an external electric field	92:117	an external electric field in membrane bioreactors	92:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	6	10	theme	products	1232:1239	arg1	production					1200:1209	decreased production	1190:1209	decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances	1190:1278	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	6	10	theme	products	1232:1239	arg1	cleaning					1136:1143	in-situ cleaning	1128:1143	in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction	1128:1183	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	6	10	theme	products	1232:1239	arg1	force					1091:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force	1054:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane	1054:1125	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	0	11	with	performance	75:85	arg1	field					113:117	an external electric field	92:117	an external electric field in membrane bioreactors	92:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	4	12	theme	acid	794:797	arg1	particles					819:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles	749:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants	749:845	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	4	13	theme	albumin	762:768	arg1	particles					819:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles	749:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants	749:845	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	2	14	theme	electric	510:517	arg1	field					519:523	an external electric field	498:523	an external electric field	498:523	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	2	15	dep	method	309:314	arg1	control					466:472	control	466:472	to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field	451:523	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	2	15	dep	method	309:314	arg1	prepare					319:325	prepare	319:325	to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane	316:445	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	5	16	theme	2 V/cm	975:980	arg1	field					991:995	2 V/cm electric field	975:995	2 V/cm electric field	975:995	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	4	17	theme	alginate	778:785	arg1	particles					819:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles	749:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants	749:845	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	3	18	theme	Linear	526:531	arg1	voltammetry					539:549	Linear sweep voltammetry	526:549	Linear sweep voltammetry	526:549	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	7	19	theme	control	1371:1377	arg1	strategy					1379:1386	the control strategy	1367:1386	the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs	1367:1452	The results of this study shed light on the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs.
25784160	2	20	theme	stainless	397:405	arg1	mesh					413:416	a stainless steel mesh	395:416	a stainless steel mesh	395:416	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	2	21	theme	external	501:508	arg1	field					519:523	an external electric field	498:523	an external electric field	498:523	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	6	22	theme	oxygen	1168:1173	arg1	reduction					1175:1183	oxygen reduction	1168:1183	oxygen reduction	1168:1183	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	6	23	theme	decreased	1190:1198	arg1	production					1200:1209	decreased production	1190:1209	decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances	1190:1278	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	3	24	theme	sweep	533:537	arg1	voltammetry					539:549	Linear sweep voltammetry	526:549	Linear sweep voltammetry	526:549	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	1	25	theme	wide-spread	184:194	arg1	applications					196:207	wide-spread applications	184:207	wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs)	184:238	Membrane fouling remains an obstacle to wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment and reclamation.
25784160	0	26	theme	novel	2:6	arg1	membrane					45:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	6	27	theme	in-situ	1128:1134	arg1	cleaning					1136:1143	in-situ cleaning	1128:1143	in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction	1128:1183	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	3	28	theme	spectroscopy	581:592	arg1	analyses					594:601	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses	526:601	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses	526:601	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	5	29	from	rate	860:863	arg1	MBRs					884:887	continuous-flow MBRs	868:887	continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater	868:907	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	4	30	theme	anti-fouling	711:722	arg1	ability					724:730	its anti-fouling ability	707:730	its anti-fouling ability	707:730	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	6	31	theme	enhanced	1058:1065	arg1	force					1091:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force	1054:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane	1054:1125	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	4	32	theme	sodium	771:776	arg1	alginate					778:785	sodium alginate	771:785	sodium alginate	771:785	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	0	33	theme	conductive	18:27	arg1	membrane					45:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	6	34	theme	polymeric	1259:1267	arg1	substances					1269:1278	extracellular polymeric substances	1245:1278	extracellular polymeric substances	1245:1278	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	6	35	from	mitigation	1303:1312	arg1	MBR					1322:1324	this MBR	1317:1324	this MBR	1317:1324	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	3	36	theme	electrochemical	555:569	arg1	spectroscopy					581:592	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	555:592	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	555:592	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	1	37	theme	membrane	212:219	arg1	bioreactors					221:231	membrane bioreactors	212:231	membrane bioreactors (MBRs)	212:238	Membrane fouling remains an obstacle to wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment and reclamation.
25784160	1	37	theme	membrane	212:219	arg1	MBRs					234:237	MBRs	234:237	MBRs	234:237	Membrane fouling remains an obstacle to wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment and reclamation.
25784160	0	38	theme	composite	8:16	arg1	membrane					45:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	0	39	theme	membrane	122:129	arg1	bioreactors					131:141	membrane bioreactors	122:141	membrane bioreactors	122:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	2	40	theme	simple	302:307	arg1	method					309:314	a simple method	300:314	a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field	300:523	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	1	41	theme	bioreactors	221:231	arg1	applications					196:207	wide-spread applications	184:207	wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs)	184:238	Membrane fouling remains an obstacle to wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment and reclamation.
25784160	4	42	theme	bovine	749:754	arg1	albumin					762:768	bovine serum albumin	749:768	bovine serum albumin	749:768	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	6	43	theme	extracellular	1245:1257	arg1	substances					1269:1278	extracellular polymeric substances	1245:1278	extracellular polymeric substances	1245:1278	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	4	44	theme	Batch	682:686	arg1	tests					688:692	Batch tests	682:692	Batch tests	682:692	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	0	45	theme	microfiltration	29:43	arg1	membrane					45:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane	0:52	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	3	46	theme	electrochemical	654:668	arg1	properties					670:679	very good electrochemical properties	644:679	very good electrochemical properties	644:679	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	2	47	theme	MF	435:436	arg1	membrane					438:445	a polymeric MF membrane	423:445	a polymeric MF membrane	423:445	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	2	48	theme	steel	407:411	arg1	mesh					413:416	a stainless steel mesh	395:416	a stainless steel mesh	395:416	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	7	49	theme	fouling	1400:1406	arg1	strategy					1379:1386	the control strategy	1367:1386	the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs	1367:1452	The results of this study shed light on the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs.
25784160	6	50	theme	fouling	1295:1301	arg1	mitigation					1303:1312	fouling mitigation	1295:1312	fouling mitigation in this MBR	1295:1324	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	2	51	theme	microfiltration	350:364	arg1	membrane					371:378	a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane	327:378	a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane	327:378	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	5	52	theme	electric	982:989	arg1	field					991:995	2 V/cm electric field	975:995	2 V/cm electric field	975:995	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	5	53	theme	fouling	852:858	arg1	rate					860:863	The fouling rate	848:863	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater	848:907	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	7	54	theme	membrane	1391:1398	arg1	fouling					1400:1406	membrane fouling	1391:1406	membrane fouling	1391:1406	The results of this study shed light on the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs.
25784160	2	55	theme	conductive	339:348	arg1	MF					367:368	MF	367:368	MF	367:368	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	2	55	theme	conductive	339:348	arg1	microfiltration					350:364	conductive microfiltration	339:364	a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane	327:378	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	4	56	theme	model	832:836	arg1	foulants					838:845	model foulants	832:845	model foulants	832:845	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	4	57	theme	serum	756:760	arg1	albumin					762:768	bovine serum albumin	749:768	bovine serum albumin	749:768	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	0	58	from	field	113:117	arg1	bioreactors					131:141	membrane bioreactors	122:141	membrane bioreactors	122:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	3	59	theme	conductive	620:629	arg1	membrane					631:638	this conductive membrane	615:638	this conductive membrane	615:638	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	2	60	theme	composite	329:337	arg1	membrane					371:378	a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane	327:378	a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane	327:378	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	4	61	theme	humic	788:792	arg1	acid					794:797	humic acid	788:797	humic acid	788:797	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	3	62	contain	had	640:642	arg2	properties					670:679	very good electrochemical properties	644:679	very good electrochemical properties	644:679	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	3	62	contain	had	640:642	arg1	membrane					631:638	this conductive membrane	615:638	this conductive membrane	615:638	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	4	63	theme	dioxide	811:817	arg1	particles					819:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles	749:827	bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants	749:845	Batch tests demonstrated its anti-fouling ability in filtration of bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid and silicon dioxide particles as model foulants.
25784160	7	64	theme	study	1347:1351	arg1	results					1331:1337	The results	1327:1337	The results of this study	1327:1351	The results of this study shed light on the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs.
25784160	3	65	theme	good	649:652	arg1	properties					670:679	very good electrochemical properties	644:679	very good electrochemical properties	644:679	Linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed that this conductive membrane had very good electrochemical properties.
25784160	1	66	theme	Membrane	144:151	arg1	fouling					153:159	Membrane fouling	144:159	Membrane fouling	144:159	Membrane fouling remains an obstacle to wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment and reclamation.
25784160	6	67	theme	substances	1269:1278	arg1	production					1200:1209	decreased production	1190:1209	decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances	1190:1278	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	6	67	theme	substances	1269:1278	arg1	cleaning					1136:1143	in-situ cleaning	1128:1143	in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction	1128:1183	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	6	67	theme	substances	1269:1278	arg1	force					1091:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force	1054:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane	1054:1125	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	5	68	theme	conductive	950:959	arg1	membrane					961:968	this conductive membrane	945:968	this conductive membrane	945:968	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	6	69	theme	repulsive	1081:1089	arg1	force					1091:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force	1054:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane	1054:1125	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	5	70	theme	long-term	1033:1041	arg1	operation					1043:1051	long-term operation	1033:1051	long-term operation	1033:1051	The fouling rate in continuous-flow MBRs treating wastewater was also decreased by about 50% for this conductive membrane with 2 V/cm electric field compared to the control test during long-term operation.
25784160	6	71	theme	microbial	1222:1230	arg1	products					1232:1239	soluble microbial products	1214:1239	soluble microbial products	1214:1239	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	1	72	theme	wastewater	244:253	arg1	treatment					255:263	wastewater treatment	244:263	wastewater treatment	244:263	Membrane fouling remains an obstacle to wide-spread applications of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment and reclamation.
25784160	0	73	theme	anti-fouling	62:73	arg1	performance					75:85	its anti-fouling performance	58:85	its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors	58:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	2	74	theme	polymeric	425:433	arg1	membrane					438:445	a polymeric MF membrane	423:445	a polymeric MF membrane	423:445	Herein, we report a simple method to prepare a composite conductive microfiltration (MF) membrane by introducing a stainless steel mesh into a polymeric MF membrane and to effectively control its fouling by applying an external electric field.
25784160	0	75	with	membrane	45:52	arg1	field					113:117	an external electric field	92:117	an external electric field in membrane bioreactors	92:141	A novel composite conductive microfiltration membrane and its anti-fouling performance with an external electric field in membrane bioreactors.
25784160	6	76	theme	electrostatic	1067:1079	arg1	force					1091:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force	1054:1095	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane	1054:1125	The enhanced electrostatic repulsive force between foulants and membrane, in-situ cleaning by H2O2 generated from oxygen reduction, and decreased production of soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contributed to fouling mitigation in this MBR.
25784160	7	77	theme	MBRs	1449:1452	arg1	operation					1436:1444	a sustainable operation	1422:1444	a sustainable operation of MBRs	1422:1452	The results of this study shed light on the control strategy of membrane fouling for achieving a sustainable operation of MBRs.
27060832	4	0	theme	nonpregnant	751:761	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	6	1	theme	milk	991:994	arg1	quality					996:1002	milk quality	991:1002	milk quality	991:1002	Milk production decreased and milk quality improved from the fourth month of pregnancy onward.
27060832	5	2	theme	cell	949:952	arg1	score					954:958	somatic cell score	941:958	somatic cell score	941:958	Gestation stage significantly influenced all studied traits with the exception of somatic cell score.
27060832	0	3	theme	composition	57:67	arg1	traits					69:74	composition traits	57:74	composition traits	57:74	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	3	4	theme	somatic	520:526	arg1	score					533:537	somatic cell score	520:537	somatic cell score	520:537	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	5	5	theme	score	954:958	arg1	exception					928:936	the exception	924:936	the exception of somatic cell score	924:958	Gestation stage significantly influenced all studied traits with the exception of somatic cell score.
27060832	1	6	theme	composition	208:218	arg1	traits					220:225	composition traits	208:225	composition traits	208:225	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	4	7	theme	pregnancy	730:738	arg1	stage					740:744	pregnancy stage	730:744	pregnancy stage	730:744	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	3	8	theme	cell	528:531	arg1	score					533:537	somatic cell score	520:537	somatic cell score	520:537	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	5	9	theme	Gestation	859:867	arg1	stage					869:873	Gestation stage	859:873	Gestation stage	859:873	Gestation stage significantly influenced all studied traits with the exception of somatic cell score.
27060832	5	10	theme	studied	904:910	arg1	traits					912:917	all studied traits	900:917	all studied traits	900:917	Gestation stage significantly influenced all studied traits with the exception of somatic cell score.
27060832	8	11	theme	better	1290:1295	arg1	characteristics					1309:1323	better coagulation characteristics	1290:1323	better coagulation characteristics	1290:1323	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	4	12	dep	traits	662:667	arg1	assigned					686:693	assigned	686:693	was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	682:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	6	13	theme	Milk	961:964	arg1	production					966:975	Milk production	961:975	Milk production	961:975	Milk production decreased and milk quality improved from the fourth month of pregnancy onward.
27060832	6	14	theme	fourth	1022:1027	arg1	month					1029:1033	the fourth month	1018:1033	the fourth month of pregnancy onward	1018:1053	Milk production decreased and milk quality improved from the fourth month of pregnancy onward.
27060832	8	15	theme	genetic	1397:1403	arg1	evaluation					1405:1414	genetic evaluation	1397:1414	genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties	1397:1445	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	7	16	theme	gestation	1145:1153	arg1	period					1135:1140	the first period	1125:1140	the first period of gestation	1125:1153	For all traits, nonpregnant cows performed very similarly to cows in the first period of gestation.
27060832	4	17	from	121	811:813	arg1	pregnant					797:804	pregnant	797:804	pregnant	797:804	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	1	18	theme	study	138:142	arg1	aim					126:128	The aim	122:128	The aim of this study	122:142	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	0	19	theme	coagulation	81:91	arg1	properties					93:102	coagulation properties	81:102	coagulation properties	81:102	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	3	20	theme	rennet	540:545	arg1	min					565:567	min	565:567	min	565:567	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	3	20	theme	rennet	540:545	arg1	time					559:562	rennet coagulation time	540:562	rennet coagulation time (min)	540:568	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	1	21	from	properties	249:258	arg1	cattle					280:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	8	22	contain	had	1286:1288	arg2	characteristics					1309:1323	better coagulation characteristics	1290:1323	better coagulation characteristics	1290:1323	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	8	22	contain	had	1286:1288	arg1	milk					1281:1284	milk	1281:1284	milk	1281:1284	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	3	23	dep	yield	442:446	arg1	mm					590:591	mm	590:591	mm	590:591	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	4	24	theme	pregnant	832:839	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	3	25	theme	curd	575:578	arg1	firmness					580:587	curd firmness	575:587	curd firmness	575:587	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	2	26	theme	167	401:403	arg1	herds					405:409	167 herds	401:409	167 herds	401:409	The data set included 25,729 records from 3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds.
27060832	3	27	theme	coagulation	547:557	arg1	min					565:567	min	565:567	min	565:567	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	3	27	theme	coagulation	547:557	arg1	time					559:562	rennet coagulation time	540:562	rennet coagulation time (min)	540:568	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	4	28	theme	aforementioned	647:660	arg1	traits					662:667	the aforementioned traits	643:667	the aforementioned traits	643:667	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	1	29	from	yield	201:205	arg1	cattle					280:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	2	30	theme	first-parity	336:347	arg1	cows					349:352	3,995 first-parity cows	330:352	3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds	330:409	The data set included 25,729 records from 3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds.
27060832	0	31	theme	Short	0:4	arg1	communication					6:18	Short communication	0:18	Short communication	0:18	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	4	32	theme	pregnant	768:775	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	8	33	theme	milk	1419:1422	arg1	properties					1436:1445	milk coagulation properties	1419:1445	milk coagulation properties	1419:1445	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	7	34	theme	first	1129:1133	arg1	period					1135:1140	the first period	1125:1140	the first period of gestation	1125:1153	For all traits, nonpregnant cows performed very similarly to cows in the first period of gestation.
27060832	1	35	theme	milk	232:235	arg1	properties					249:258	milk coagulation properties	232:258	milk coagulation properties	232:258	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	0	36	theme	Holstein	107:114	arg1	cows					116:119	Holstein cows	107:119	Holstein cows	107:119	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	6	37	theme	pregnancy	1038:1046	arg1	month					1029:1033	the fourth month	1018:1033	the fourth month of pregnancy onward	1018:1053	Milk production decreased and milk quality improved from the fourth month of pregnancy onward.
27060832	8	38	theme	gestation	1266:1274	arg1	weeks					1257:1261	the last weeks	1248:1261	the last weeks of gestation	1248:1274	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	8	39	theme	curd	1184:1187	arg1	firmness					1189:1196	curd firmness	1184:1196	curd firmness	1184:1196	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	1	40	theme	coagulation	237:247	arg1	properties					249:258	milk coagulation properties	232:258	milk coagulation properties	232:258	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	3	41	theme	%	503:503	arg1	contents					506:513	lactose (%) contents	494:513	lactose (%) contents	494:513	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	8	42	theme	properties	1436:1445	arg1	evaluation					1405:1414	genetic evaluation	1397:1414	genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties	1397:1445	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	0	43	theme	pregnancy	32:40	arg1	Effects					21:27	Effects	21:27	Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows	21:119	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	4	44	theme	classes	719:725	arg1	one					698:700	one	698:700	one	698:700	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	4	44	theme	classes	719:725	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	8	45	theme	test-day	1377:1384	arg1	records					1386:1392	test-day records	1377:1392	test-day records	1377:1392	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	2	46	dep	August	370:375	arg1	2010					377:380	2010	377:380	August 2010	370:380	The data set included 25,729 records from 3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds.
27060832	2	46	dep	August	370:375	arg1	2013					393:396	2013	393:396	2013	393:396	The data set included 25,729 records from 3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds.
27060832	8	47	theme	coagulation	1424:1434	arg1	properties					1436:1445	milk coagulation properties	1419:1445	milk coagulation properties	1419:1445	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	0	48	theme	cows	116:119	arg1	yield					50:54	milk yield	45:54	milk yield	45:54	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	0	48	theme	cows	116:119	arg1	traits					69:74	composition traits	57:74	composition traits	57:74	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	0	48	theme	cows	116:119	arg1	properties					93:102	coagulation properties	81:102	coagulation properties	81:102	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	3	49	theme	lactose	494:500	arg1	contents					506:513	lactose (%) contents	494:513	lactose (%) contents	494:513	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	7	50	theme	nonpregnant	1072:1082	arg1	cows					1084:1087	nonpregnant cows	1072:1087	nonpregnant cows	1072:1087	For all traits, nonpregnant cows performed very similarly to cows in the first period of gestation.
27060832	1	51	theme	pregnancy	177:185	arg1	stage					187:191	pregnancy stage	177:191	pregnancy stage	177:191	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	0	52	theme	milk	45:48	arg1	yield					50:54	milk yield	45:54	milk yield	45:54	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	1	53	theme	Italian	263:269	arg1	cattle					280:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	4	54	from	1	782:782	arg1	pregnant					768:775	pregnant	768:775	pregnant	768:775	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	4	55	from	effect	620:625	arg1	traits					662:667	the aforementioned traits	643:667	the aforementioned traits	643:667	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	3	56	theme	milk	437:440	arg1	kg/d					449:452	kg/d	449:452	kg/d	449:452	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	3	56	theme	milk	437:440	arg1	yield					442:446	milk yield	437:446	milk yield (kg/d)	437:453	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	3	56	theme	milk	437:440	arg1	traits					416:421	The traits	412:421	The traits analyzed	412:430	The traits analyzed were milk yield (kg/d), fat (%), protein (%), casein (%), and lactose (%) contents, pH, somatic cell score, rennet coagulation time (min), and curd firmness (mm).
27060832	4	57	theme	following	709:717	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	1	58	theme	Holstein	271:278	arg1	cattle					280:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	1	59	from	traits	220:225	arg1	cattle					280:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	Italian Holstein cattle	263:285	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	8	60	theme	Rennet	1156:1161	arg1	time					1175:1178	Rennet coagulation time	1156:1178	Rennet coagulation time	1156:1178	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	4	61	theme	gestation	630:638	arg1	effect					620:625	the effect	616:625	the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	616:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	4	62	theme	pregnant	797:804	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	8	63	theme	coagulation	1297:1307	arg1	characteristics					1309:1323	better coagulation characteristics	1290:1323	better coagulation characteristics	1290:1323	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	0	64	dep	Effects	21:27	arg1	communication					6:18	Short communication	0:18	Short communication	0:18	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	1	65	from	effect	167:172	arg1	properties					249:258	milk coagulation properties	232:258	milk coagulation properties	232:258	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	1	65	from	effect	167:172	arg1	yield					201:205	milk yield	196:205	milk yield	196:205	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	1	65	from	effect	167:172	arg1	traits					220:225	composition traits	208:225	composition traits	208:225	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	1	66	theme	stage	187:191	arg1	effect					167:172	the effect	163:172	the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle	163:285	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	2	67	from	cows	349:352	arg1	records					317:323	25,729 records	310:323	25,729 records from 3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds	310:409	The data set included 25,729 records from 3,995 first-parity cows calving between August 2010 and August 2013 in 167 herds.
27060832	8	68	theme	coagulation	1163:1173	arg1	time					1175:1178	Rennet coagulation time	1156:1178	Rennet coagulation time	1156:1178	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	4	69	from	211	846:848	arg1	pregnant					832:839	pregnant	832:839	pregnant	832:839	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	8	70	theme	pregnancy	1217:1225	arg1	stage					1227:1231	pregnancy stage	1217:1231	pregnancy stage	1217:1231	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27060832	1	71	theme	milk	196:199	arg1	yield					201:205	milk yield	196:205	milk yield	196:205	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy stage on milk yield, composition traits, and milk coagulation properties in Italian Holstein cattle.
27060832	0	72	from	Effects	21:27	arg1	yield					50:54	milk yield	45:54	milk yield	45:54	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	0	72	from	Effects	21:27	arg1	traits					69:74	composition traits	57:74	composition traits	57:74	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	0	72	from	Effects	21:27	arg1	properties					93:102	coagulation properties	81:102	coagulation properties	81:102	Short communication: Effects of pregnancy on milk yield, composition traits, and coagulation properties of Holstein cows.
27060832	4	73	theme	stage	740:744	arg1	classes					719:725	the following classes	705:725	the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d	705:856	To better understand the effect of gestation on the aforementioned traits, each record was assigned to one of the following classes of pregnancy stage: (1) nonpregnant, (2) pregnant from 1 to 120d, (3) pregnant from 121 to 210d, and (4) pregnant from 211 to 310d.
27060832	5	74	theme	somatic	941:947	arg1	score					954:958	somatic cell score	941:958	somatic cell score	941:958	Gestation stage significantly influenced all studied traits with the exception of somatic cell score.
27060832	8	75	theme	last	1252:1255	arg1	weeks					1257:1261	the last weeks	1248:1261	the last weeks of gestation	1248:1274	Rennet coagulation time and curd firmness were influenced by pregnancy stage, especially in the last weeks of gestation when milk had better coagulation characteristics; this information should be accounted for to adjust test-day records in genetic evaluation of milk coagulation properties.
27287115	5	0	theme	Higuchi	768:774	arg1	model					776:780	the Higuchi model	764:780	the Higuchi model	764:780	The results showed that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres exhibit sustained DOX delivery, and their release mechanism is controlled by Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model.
27287115	6	1	theme	Sm	907:908	arg1	concentration					890:902	the doping concentration	879:902	the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment	879:946	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	5	2	theme	Sm/MBG/alginate	630:644	arg1	microspheres					646:657	the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	626:657	the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	626:657	The results showed that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres exhibit sustained DOX delivery, and their release mechanism is controlled by Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model.
27287115	2	3	theme	body	353:356	arg1	fluid					358:362	simulated body fluid	343:362	simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods	343:388	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	2	3	theme	body	353:356	arg1	SBF					365:367	SBF	365:367	SBF	365:367	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	7	4	theme	bone	1031:1034	arg1	cancer					1036:1041	bone cancer	1031:1041	bone cancer	1031:1041	These all revealed that this material is a promising candidate for the therapy of bone cancer.
27287115	2	5	theme	simulated	343:351	arg1	fluid					358:362	simulated body fluid	343:362	simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods	343:388	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	2	5	theme	simulated	343:351	arg1	SBF					365:367	SBF	365:367	SBF	365:367	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	3	6	theme	Sm/MBG/alginate	422:436	arg1	microspheres					438:449	the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	418:449	the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	418:449	The results indicated that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres have a faster apatite formation rate on the surface.
27287115	5	7	theme	Fickian	736:742	arg1	diffusion					744:752	Fickian diffusion	736:752	Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model	736:780	The results showed that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres exhibit sustained DOX delivery, and their release mechanism is controlled by Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model.
27287115	2	8	theme	in	259:260	arg1	bioactivities					268:280	The in vitro bioactivities	255:280	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	255:312	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	2	9	theme	various	374:380	arg1	periods					382:388	various periods	374:388	various periods	374:388	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	0	10	theme	doxorubicin	2:12	arg1	system					23:28	A doxorubicin delivery system	0:28	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	6	11	theme	doping	883:888	arg1	concentration					890:902	the doping concentration	879:902	the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment	879:946	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	7	12	theme	cancer	1036:1041	arg1	therapy					1020:1026	the therapy	1016:1026	the therapy of bone cancer	1016:1041	These all revealed that this material is a promising candidate for the therapy of bone cancer.
27287115	6	13	from	microspheres	837:848	arg1	delivery					800:807	the delivery	796:807	the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	796:848	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	2	14	theme	microspheres	301:312	arg1	bioactivities					268:280	The in vitro bioactivities	255:280	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	255:312	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	3	15	theme	faster	458:463	arg1	rate					483:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	The results indicated that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres have a faster apatite formation rate on the surface.
27287115	0	16	theme	delivery	14:21	arg1	system					23:28	A doxorubicin delivery system	0:28	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	1	17	with	cross-linking	223:235	arg1	ions					249:252	Ca(2+) ions	242:252	Ca(2+) ions	242:252	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	2	18	theme	Sm/MBG/alginate	285:299	arg1	microspheres					301:312	Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	285:312	Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	285:312	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
27287115	3	19	theme	apatite	465:471	arg1	rate					483:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	The results indicated that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres have a faster apatite formation rate on the surface.
27287115	0	20	theme	Samarium/mesoporous	31:49	arg1	microspheres					86:97	Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres	31:97	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	5	21	theme	release	701:707	arg1	mechanism					709:717	their release mechanism	695:717	their release mechanism	695:717	The results showed that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres exhibit sustained DOX delivery, and their release mechanism is controlled by Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model.
27287115	3	22	contain	have	451:454	arg1	microspheres					438:449	the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	418:449	the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	418:449	The results indicated that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres have a faster apatite formation rate on the surface.
27287115	3	22	contain	have	451:454	arg2	rate					483:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	The results indicated that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres have a faster apatite formation rate on the surface.
27287115	1	23	theme	alginate	214:221	arg1	cross-linking					223:235	alginate cross-linking	214:235	alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions	214:252	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	4	24	theme	delivery	525:532	arg1	properties					534:543	their delivery properties	519:543	their delivery properties	519:543	To investigate their delivery properties further, doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as a model drug.
27287115	1	25	theme	cross-linking	223:235	arg1	method					204:209	the method	200:209	the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions	200:252	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	0	26	theme	glass/alginate	61:74	arg1	microspheres					86:97	Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres	31:97	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	6	27	theme	pH	928:929	arg1	microenvironment					931:946	pH microenvironment	928:946	pH microenvironment	928:946	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	5	28	theme	sustained	667:675	arg1	delivery					681:688	sustained DOX delivery	667:688	sustained DOX delivery	667:688	The results showed that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres exhibit sustained DOX delivery, and their release mechanism is controlled by Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model.
27287115	1	29	theme	mesoporous	127:136	arg1	glasses					148:154	mesoporous bioactive glasses	127:154	mesoporous bioactive glasses	127:154	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	0	30	theme	bioactive	51:59	arg1	microspheres					86:97	Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres	31:97	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	5	31	theme	DOX	677:679	arg1	delivery					681:688	sustained DOX delivery	667:688	sustained DOX delivery	667:688	The results showed that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres exhibit sustained DOX delivery, and their release mechanism is controlled by Fickian diffusion according the Higuchi model.
27287115	1	32	theme	bioactive	138:146	arg1	glasses					148:154	mesoporous bioactive glasses	127:154	mesoporous bioactive glasses	127:154	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	6	33	theme	values	918:923	arg1	concentration					890:902	the doping concentration	879:902	the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment	879:946	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	6	34	theme	microenvironment	931:946	arg1	Sm					907:908	Sm	907:908	Sm	907:908	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	6	34	theme	microenvironment	931:946	arg1	values					918:923	the values	914:923	the values of pH microenvironment	914:946	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	6	35	theme	Sm/MBG/alginate	821:835	arg1	microspheres					837:848	Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	821:848	Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	821:848	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	0	36	dep	system	23:28	arg1	microspheres					86:97	Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres	31:97	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	7	37	theme	promising	992:1000	arg1	material					978:985	this material	973:985	this material	973:985	These all revealed that this material is a promising candidate for the therapy of bone cancer.
27287115	7	37	theme	promising	992:1000	arg1	candidate					1002:1010	a promising candidate	990:1010	a promising candidate for the therapy of bone cancer	990:1041	These all revealed that this material is a promising candidate for the therapy of bone cancer.
27287115	3	38	theme	formation	473:481	arg1	rate					483:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	a faster apatite formation rate	456:486	The results indicated that the Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres have a faster apatite formation rate on the surface.
27287115	4	39	theme	model	590:594	arg1	doxorubicin					554:564	doxorubicin	554:564	doxorubicin (DOX)	554:570	To investigate their delivery properties further, doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as a model drug.
27287115	4	39	theme	model	590:594	arg1	drug					596:599	a model drug	588:599	a model drug	588:599	To investigate their delivery properties further, doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as a model drug.
27287115	1	40	theme	Samarium	100:107	arg1	microspheres					162:173	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres	100:173	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres	100:173	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	1	41	theme	Ca	242:243	arg1	ions					249:252	Ca(2+) ions	242:252	Ca(2+) ions	242:252	Samarium (Sm) incorporated mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) microspheres have been prepared using the method of alginate cross-linking with Ca(2+) ions.
27287115	6	42	theme	DOX	812:814	arg1	delivery					800:807	the delivery	796:807	the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres	796:848	In addition, the delivery of DOX from Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres can be dominated by changing the doping concentration of Sm and the values of pH microenvironment.
27287115	0	43	theme	composite	76:84	arg1	microspheres					86:97	Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres	31:97	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.	0:98	A doxorubicin delivery system: Samarium/mesoporous bioactive glass/alginate composite microspheres.
27287115	2	44	dep	in	259:260	arg1	vitro					262:266	vitro	262:266	vitro	262:266	The in vitro bioactivities of Sm/MBG/alginate microspheres were studied by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various periods.
24599800	2	0	theme	tissue	440:445	arg1	type					432:435	each type	427:435	each type of tissue	427:445	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	4	1	theme	novel	588:592	arg1	methodology					594:604	a novel methodology	586:604	a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig	586:719	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	9	2	attach	linked	1368:1373	arg2	separation					1340:1349	the separation	1336:1349	the separation	1336:1349	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	9	2	attach	linked	1368:1373	arg1	improvement					1382:1392	the improvement	1378:1392	the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper	1378:1449	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	1	3	theme	tissue	253:258	arg1	regeneration					260:271	tissue regeneration	253:271	tissue regeneration	253:271	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	7	4	from	similar	1067:1073	arg1	species					1086:1092	the two species	1078:1092	the two species	1078:1092	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	9	5	theme	new	1458:1460	arg1	avenues					1462:1468	new avenues	1458:1468	new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs	1458:1540	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	8	6	theme	cells	1294:1298	arg1	rates					1238:1242	proliferation rates	1224:1242	proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts	1224:1321	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	5	7	theme	WJ	777:778	arg1	steps					839:843	purification steps	826:843	purification steps	826:843	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	7	theme	WJ	777:778	arg1	precipitation					781:793	precipitation	781:793	precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents	781:823	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	7	theme	WJ	777:778	arg1	separation					865:874	chromatographic separation	849:874	chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns	849:909	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	7	theme	WJ	777:778	arg1	digestion					764:772	enzymatic digestion	754:772	enzymatic digestion of WJ	754:778	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	9	8	from	improvement	1382:1392	arg1	method					1420:1425	the GAG quantification method	1397:1425	the GAG quantification method described in this paper	1397:1449	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	9	9	theme	natural	1493:1499	arg1	biomaterials					1501:1512	natural biomaterials	1493:1512	natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs	1493:1540	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	4	10	from	UC	667:668	arg1	extraction					614:623	extraction	614:623	extraction	614:623	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	10	from	UC	667:668	arg1	separation					643:652	separation	643:652	separation	643:652	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	10	from	UC	667:668	arg1	purification					626:637	purification	626:637	purification	626:637	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	5	11	theme	chromatographic	849:863	arg1	separation					865:874	chromatographic separation	849:874	chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns	849:909	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	10	12	dep	&	1642:1642	arg1	Sons					1644:1647	Sons	1644:1647	Sons	1644:1647	Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
24599800	5	13	theme	organic	808:814	arg1	solvents					816:823	organic solvents	808:823	organic solvents	808:823	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	7	14	theme	HA	1054:1055	arg1	similar					1067:1073	similar	1067:1073	similar	1067:1073	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	7	14	theme	HA	1054:1055	arg1	weight					1044:1049	molecular weight	1034:1049	molecular weight of HA	1034:1055	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	7	14	theme	HA	1054:1055	arg1	composition					1009:1019	The composition	1005:1019	The composition of sGAGs	1005:1028	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	5	15	theme	new	726:728	arg1	methodology					730:740	The new methodology	722:740	The new methodology	722:740	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	2	16	theme	sulphated	380:388	arg1	sGAGs					396:400	sGAGs	396:400	sGAGs	396:400	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	16	theme	sulphated	380:388	arg1	GAGs					390:393	sulphated GAGs	380:393	sulphated GAGs (sGAGs)	380:401	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	8	17	theme	significant	1179:1189	arg1	properties					1201:1210	significant bioactive properties	1179:1210	significant bioactive properties	1179:1210	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	2	18	dep	GAGs	353:356	arg1	sGAGs					396:400	sGAGs	396:400	sGAGs	396:400	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	18	dep	GAGs	353:356	arg1	GAGs					390:393	sulphated GAGs	380:393	sulphated GAGs (sGAGs)	380:401	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	9	19	theme	various	1519:1525	arg1	ratios					1527:1532	various ratios	1519:1532	various ratios of GAGs	1519:1540	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	9	20	theme	different	1571:1579	arg1	applications					1600:1611	different tissue-engineering applications	1571:1611	different tissue-engineering applications	1571:1611	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	9	21	theme	GAG	1401:1403	arg1	method					1420:1425	the GAG quantification method	1397:1425	the GAG quantification method described in this paper	1397:1449	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	5	22	theme	enzymatic	754:762	arg1	digestion					764:772	enzymatic digestion	754:772	enzymatic digestion of WJ	754:778	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	23	with	GAGs	798:801	arg1	solvents					816:823	organic solvents	808:823	organic solvents	808:823	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	9	24	theme	quantification	1405:1418	arg1	method					1420:1425	the GAG quantification method	1397:1425	the GAG quantification method described in this paper	1397:1449	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	2	25	theme	hyaluronic	359:368	arg1	HA					376:377	HA	376:377	HA	376:377	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	25	theme	hyaluronic	359:368	arg1	GAGs					353:356	GAGs	353:356	GAGs	353:356	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	25	theme	hyaluronic	359:368	arg1	acid					370:373	hyaluronic acid	359:373	hyaluronic acid (HA)	359:378	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	0	26	theme	glycosaminoglycan	22:38	arg1	hydrogels					40:48	tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels	14:48	tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels	14:48	Generation of tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels to mimic extracellular matrices.
24599800	5	27	theme	ion	890:892	arg1	columns					903:909	ion exchange columns	890:909	ion exchange columns	890:909	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	8	28	theme	fibroblasts	1311:1321	arg1	rates					1238:1242	proliferation rates	1224:1242	proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts	1224:1321	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	4	29	theme	GAGs	657:660	arg1	extraction					614:623	extraction	614:623	extraction	614:623	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	29	theme	GAGs	657:660	arg1	separation					643:652	separation	643:652	separation	643:652	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	29	theme	GAGs	657:660	arg1	purification					626:637	purification	626:637	purification	626:637	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	6	30	theme	purified	945:952	arg1	HA					954:955	highly purified HA	938:955	highly purified HA	938:955	This novel process allows highly purified HA and sGAGs to be obtained from human and pig WJ.
24599800	0	31	theme	tunable	14:20	arg1	hydrogels					40:48	tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels	14:48	tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels	14:48	Generation of tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels to mimic extracellular matrices.
24599800	9	32	theme	GAGs	1537:1540	arg1	ratios					1527:1532	various ratios	1519:1532	various ratios of GAGs	1519:1540	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	9	33	with	biomaterials	1501:1512	arg1	ratios					1527:1532	various ratios	1519:1532	various ratios of GAGs	1519:1540	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	8	34	theme	cell	1251:1254	arg1	lines					1256:1260	two cell lines	1247:1260	two cell lines	1247:1260	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	1	35	theme	environmental	195:207	arg1	structures					209:218	in vivo environmental structures	187:218	in vivo environmental structures	187:218	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	2	36	theme	type	432:435	arg1	ratio					344:348	the ratio	340:348	the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs)	340:401	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	36	theme	type	432:435	arg1	characteristic					409:422	characteristic	409:422	characteristic	409:422	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	5	37	theme	GAGs	798:801	arg1	steps					839:843	purification steps	826:843	purification steps	826:843	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	37	theme	GAGs	798:801	arg1	precipitation					781:793	precipitation	781:793	precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents	781:823	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	37	theme	GAGs	798:801	arg1	separation					865:874	chromatographic separation	849:874	chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns	849:909	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	37	theme	GAGs	798:801	arg1	digestion					764:772	enzymatic digestion	754:772	enzymatic digestion of WJ	754:778	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	8	38	contain	have	1174:1177	arg2	properties					1201:1210	significant bioactive properties	1179:1210	significant bioactive properties	1179:1210	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	38	contain	have	1174:1177	arg1	biomaterials					1161:1172	these new biomaterials	1151:1172	these new biomaterials	1151:1172	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	39	theme	human	1263:1267	arg1	cells					1294:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells	1263:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)	1263:1305	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	39	theme	human	1263:1267	arg1	ASCs					1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	1	40	theme	in	187:188	arg1	structures					209:218	in vivo environmental structures	187:218	in vivo environmental structures	187:218	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	0	41	theme	hydrogels	40:48	arg1	Generation					0:9	Generation	0:9	Generation of tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels	0:48	Generation of tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels to mimic extracellular matrices.
24599800	7	42	theme	sGAGs	1024:1028	arg1	similar					1067:1073	similar	1067:1073	similar	1067:1073	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	7	42	theme	sGAGs	1024:1028	arg1	weight					1044:1049	molecular weight	1034:1049	molecular weight of HA	1034:1055	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	7	42	theme	sGAGs	1024:1028	arg1	composition					1009:1019	The composition	1005:1019	The composition of sGAGs	1005:1028	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	1	43	dep	in	187:188	arg1	vivo					190:193	vivo	190:193	vivo	190:193	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	8	44	theme	new	1157:1159	arg1	biomaterials					1161:1172	these new biomaterials	1151:1172	these new biomaterials	1151:1172	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	0	45	theme	extracellular	59:71	arg1	matrices					73:80	extracellular matrices	59:80	extracellular matrices	59:80	Generation of tunable glycosaminoglycan hydrogels to mimic extracellular matrices.
24599800	9	46	theme	tissue	1553:1558	arg1	matrix					1560:1565	tissue matrix	1553:1565	tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications	1553:1611	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	4	47	attach	present	578:584	arg2	we					575:576	we	575:576	we	575:576	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	47	attach	present	578:584	arg1	work					569:572	this work	564:572	this work	564:572	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	6	48	dep	human	987:991	arg1	WJ					1001:1002	WJ	1001:1002	WJ	1001:1002	This novel process allows highly purified HA and sGAGs to be obtained from human and pig WJ.
24599800	5	49	theme	purification	826:837	arg1	steps					839:843	purification steps	826:843	purification steps	826:843	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	8	50	theme	mesenchymal	1277:1287	arg1	cells					1294:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells	1263:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)	1263:1305	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	50	theme	mesenchymal	1277:1287	arg1	ASCs					1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	2	51	dep	composed	281:288	arg1	ratio					344:348	the ratio	340:348	the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs)	340:401	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	51	dep	composed	281:288	arg1	characteristic					409:422	characteristic	409:422	characteristic	409:422	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	8	52	theme	bioactive	1191:1199	arg1	properties					1201:1210	significant bioactive properties	1179:1210	significant bioactive properties	1179:1210	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	53	theme	adipose	1269:1275	arg1	cells					1294:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells	1263:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)	1263:1305	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	53	theme	adipose	1269:1275	arg1	ASCs					1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	7	54	theme	molecular	1034:1042	arg1	weight					1044:1049	molecular weight	1034:1049	molecular weight of HA	1034:1055	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	3	55	theme	Umbilical	448:456	arg1	sources					533:539	good sources	528:539	good sources for obtaining GAGs	528:558	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	3	55	theme	Umbilical	448:456	arg1	UC					464:465	UC	464:465	UC	464:465	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	3	55	theme	Umbilical	448:456	arg1	jelly					495:499	Wharton's jelly	485:499	Wharton's jelly (WJ)	485:504	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	3	55	theme	Umbilical	448:456	arg1	cord					458:461	Umbilical cord	448:461	Umbilical cord (UC)	448:466	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	5	56	theme	GAGs	879:882	arg1	steps					839:843	purification steps	826:843	purification steps	826:843	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	56	theme	GAGs	879:882	arg1	precipitation					781:793	precipitation	781:793	precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents	781:823	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	56	theme	GAGs	879:882	arg1	separation					865:874	chromatographic separation	849:874	chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns	849:909	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	5	56	theme	GAGs	879:882	arg1	digestion					764:772	enzymatic digestion	754:772	enzymatic digestion of WJ	754:778	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	4	57	theme	different	688:696	arg1	species					698:704	two different species	684:704	two different species	684:704	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	57	theme	different	688:696	arg1	pig					717:719	pig	717:719	pig	717:719	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	4	57	theme	different	688:696	arg1	human					707:711	human	707:711	human	707:711	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	9	58	theme	HA	1354:1355	arg1	separation					1340:1349	the separation	1336:1349	the separation	1336:1349	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	4	59	dep	extraction	614:623	arg1	the					610:612	the	610:612	the	610:612	In this work, we present a novel methodology for the extraction, purification and separation of GAGs from UC obtained from two different species, human and pig.
24599800	6	60	theme	novel	917:921	arg1	process					923:929	This novel process	912:929	This novel process	912:929	This novel process allows highly purified HA and sGAGs to be obtained from human and pig WJ.
24599800	8	61	theme	proliferation	1224:1236	arg1	rates					1238:1242	proliferation rates	1224:1242	proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts	1224:1321	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	62	theme	stem	1289:1292	arg1	cells					1294:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells	1263:1298	human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs)	1263:1305	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	8	62	theme	stem	1289:1292	arg1	ASCs					1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	ASCs	1301:1304	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	1	63	theme	temporary	139:147	arg1	matrix					163:168	temporary extracellular matrix	139:168	temporary extracellular matrix (ECM)	139:174	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	1	63	theme	temporary	139:147	arg1	ECM					171:173	ECM	171:173	ECM	171:173	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	1	64	theme	cell	237:240	arg1	growth					242:247	cell growth	237:247	cell growth	237:247	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	9	65	theme	tissue-engineering	1581:1598	arg1	applications					1600:1611	different tissue-engineering applications	1571:1611	different tissue-engineering applications	1571:1611	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	7	66	from	species	1086:1092	arg1	similar					1067:1073	similar	1067:1073	similar	1067:1073	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	7	66	from	species	1086:1092	arg1	composition					1009:1019	The composition	1005:1019	The composition of sGAGs	1005:1028	The composition of sGAGs and molecular weight of HA were very similar in the two species and GAGs are haemocompatible and non-cytotoxic.
24599800	3	67	theme	good	528:531	arg1	sources					533:539	good sources	528:539	good sources for obtaining GAGs	528:558	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	3	67	theme	good	528:531	arg1	jelly					495:499	Wharton's jelly	485:499	Wharton's jelly (WJ)	485:504	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	3	67	theme	good	528:531	arg1	cord					458:461	Umbilical cord	448:461	Umbilical cord (UC)	448:466	Umbilical cord (UC) and particularly Wharton's jelly (WJ) have been proposed as good sources for obtaining GAGs.
24599800	9	68	theme	sGAGs	1361:1365	arg1	separation					1340:1349	the separation	1336:1349	the separation	1336:1349	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	1	69	theme	extracellular	149:161	arg1	matrix					163:168	temporary extracellular matrix	139:168	temporary extracellular matrix (ECM)	139:174	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	1	69	theme	extracellular	149:161	arg1	ECM					171:173	ECM	171:173	ECM	171:173	Biomaterials and, especially, scaffolds may function as temporary extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking in vivo environmental structures and facilitating cell growth and tissue regeneration.
24599800	8	70	theme	lines	1256:1260	arg1	rates					1238:1242	proliferation rates	1224:1242	proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts	1224:1321	Finally, these new biomaterials have significant bioactive properties, increasing proliferation rates of two cell lines, human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and fibroblasts.
24599800	9	71	theme	biomaterials	1501:1512	arg1	formulation					1478:1488	the formulation	1474:1488	the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs	1474:1540	In summary, the separation of HA and sGAGs, linked to the improvement in the GAG quantification method described in this paper, opens new avenues for the formulation of natural biomaterials with various ratios of GAGs, mimicking tissue matrix for different tissue-engineering applications.
24599800	5	72	theme	exchange	894:901	arg1	columns					903:909	ion exchange columns	890:909	ion exchange columns	890:909	The new methodology is based on enzymatic digestion of WJ, precipitation of GAGs with organic solvents, purification steps and chromatographic separation of GAGs using ion exchange columns.
24599800	2	73	theme	GAGs	353:356	arg1	characteristic					409:422	characteristic	409:422	characteristic	409:422	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24599800	2	73	theme	GAGs	353:356	arg1	ratio					344:348	the ratio	340:348	the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs)	340:401	ECM is composed mostly of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteins, the ratio of GAGs, hyaluronic acid (HA):sulphated GAGs (sGAGs) being characteristic of each type of tissue.
24395774	4	0	theme	production	857:866	arg1	signs					843:847	the first signs	833:847	the first signs of food production	833:866	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	4	0	theme	production	857:866	arg1	populations					817:827	other high caries populations	799:827	other high caries populations	799:827	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	8	1	theme	wild	1625:1628	arg1	plants					1630:1635	wild plants	1625:1635	wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates	1625:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	2	2	from	prevalence	188:197	arg1	humans					226:231	recent humans	219:231	recent humans	219:231	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	4	3	theme	several	871:877	arg1	years					888:892	several thousand years	871:892	several thousand years	871:892	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	2	4	from	carbohydrates	311:323	arg1	rich					291:294	rich	291:294	rich	291:294	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	2	4	from	carbohydrates	311:323	arg1	societies					343:351	food-producing societies	328:351	food-producing societies	328:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	6	5	theme	occupational	1191:1202	arg1	deposits					1204:1211	occupational deposits	1191:1211	occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P.	1191:1252	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	8	6	theme	rich	1637:1640	arg1	plants					1630:1635	wild plants	1625:1635	wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates	1625:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	3	7	theme	demographic	538:548	arg1	agent					597:601	a causative agent	585:601	a causative agent of human dental caries	585:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	3	7	theme	demographic	538:548	arg1	expansion					550:558	a demographic expansion	536:558	a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans	536:582	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	7	8	theme	adult	1464:1468	arg1	dentitions					1470:1479	adult dentitions	1464:1479	adult dentitions	1464:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	4	9	theme	first	837:841	arg1	signs					843:847	the first signs	833:847	the first signs of food production	833:866	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	7	10	theme	caries	1438:1443	arg1	prevalence					1424:1433	an exceptionally high prevalence	1402:1433	an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions)	1402:1480	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	2	11	theme	frequent	255:262	arg1	consumption					264:274	more frequent consumption	250:274	more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies	250:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	7	12	theme	teeth	1455:1459	arg1	teeth					1455:1459	teeth	1455:1459	teeth in adult dentitions	1455:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	7	12	theme	teeth	1455:1459	arg1	%					1450:1450	51.2%	1446:1450	51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions	1446:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	4	13	theme	high	662:665	arg1	prevalence					667:676	a high prevalence	660:676	a high prevalence of caries	660:686	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	7	14	dep	caries	1438:1443	arg1	teeth					1455:1459	teeth	1455:1459	teeth in adult dentitions	1455:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	7	14	dep	caries	1438:1443	arg1	%					1450:1450	51.2%	1446:1450	51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions	1446:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	2	15	theme	foods	285:289	arg1	consumption					264:274	more frequent consumption	250:274	more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies	250:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	8	16	theme	oral	1752:1755	arg1	microbiota					1757:1766	a disease-associated oral microbiota	1731:1766	a disease-associated oral microbiota	1731:1766	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	7	17	from	dentitions	1470:1479	arg1	teeth					1455:1459	teeth	1455:1459	teeth in adult dentitions	1455:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	7	17	from	dentitions	1470:1479	arg1	%					1450:1450	51.2%	1446:1450	51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions	1446:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	2	18	theme	recent	219:224	arg1	humans					226:231	recent humans	219:231	recent humans	219:231	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	7	19	theme	oral	1379:1382	arg1	pathology					1384:1392	oral pathology	1379:1392	oral pathology	1379:1392	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	6	20	theme	plants	1327:1332	arg1	processing					1301:1310	processing	1301:1310	processing	1301:1310	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	6	20	theme	plants	1327:1332	arg1	harvesting					1286:1295	systematic harvesting	1275:1295	systematic harvesting	1275:1295	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	5	21	theme	Stone	1039:1043	arg1	Age					1045:1047	Later Stone Age	1033:1047	Later Stone Age	1033:1047	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	2	22	theme	caries	209:214	arg1	prevalence					188:197	The high prevalence	179:197	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans	179:231	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	0	23	from	Morocco	106:112	arg1	exploitation					33:44	exploitation	33:44	exploitation	33:44	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	0	23	from	Morocco	106:112	arg1	caries					22:27	caries	22:27	caries	22:27	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	0	23	from	Morocco	106:112	arg1	hunter-gatherers					84:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	72:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco	72:112	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	4	24	theme	cariogenic	710:719	arg1	foods					732:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	6	25	theme	edible	1315:1320	arg1	plants					1327:1332	edible wild plants	1315:1332	edible wild plants	1315:1332	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	6	25	theme	edible	1315:1320	arg1	acorns					1345:1350	acorns	1345:1350	acorns	1345:1350	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	6	25	theme	edible	1315:1320	arg1	nuts					1361:1364	pine nuts	1356:1364	pine nuts	1356:1364	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	3	26	theme	caries	619:624	arg1	agent					597:601	a causative agent	585:601	a causative agent of human dental caries	585:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	3	26	theme	caries	619:624	arg1	expansion					550:558	a demographic expansion	536:558	a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans	536:582	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	5	27	theme	des	929:931	arg1	Pigeons					933:939	Grotte des Pigeons	922:939	Grotte des Pigeons	922:939	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	8	28	theme	food	1686:1689	arg1	processing					1691:1700	food processing	1686:1700	food processing	1686:1700	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	3	29	from	mutans	577:582	arg1	timing					526:531	the estimated timing	512:531	the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries	512:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	0	30	theme	plant	57:61	arg1	foods					63:67	starchy plant foods	49:67	starchy plant foods	49:67	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	3	31	theme	human	606:610	arg1	caries					619:624	human dental caries	606:624	human dental caries	606:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	2	32	from	rich	291:294	arg1	carbohydrates					311:323	fermentable carbohydrates	299:323	fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies	299:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	6	33	from	deposits	1204:1211	arg1	Macrobotanical					1163:1176	Macrobotanical	1163:1176	Macrobotanical	1163:1176	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	5	34	theme	known	1132:1136	arg1	cemetery					1138:1145	the earliest known cemetery	1119:1145	the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb	1119:1160	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	5	35	theme	Archaeological	895:908	arg1	deposits					910:917	Archaeological deposits	895:917	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco	895:950	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	5	36	theme	numerous	1083:1090	arg1	burials					1098:1104	numerous human burials	1083:1104	numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb	1083:1160	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	7	37	theme	refined	1551:1557	arg1	sugars					1559:1564	refined sugars	1551:1564	refined sugars	1551:1564	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	5	38	theme	human	984:988	arg1	occupation					990:999	human occupation	984:999	human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian)	984:1064	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	4	39	theme	plant	726:730	arg1	foods					732:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	0	40	theme	Earliest	0:7	arg1	evidence					9:16	Earliest evidence	0:16	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.	0:113	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	5	41	from	deposits	910:917	arg1	Morocco					944:950	Morocco	944:950	Morocco	944:950	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	8	42	from	shift	1718:1722	arg1	population					1776:1785	this population	1771:1785	this population	1771:1785	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	4	43	theme	caries	810:815	arg1	populations					817:827	other high caries populations	799:827	other high caries populations	799:827	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	5	44	from	cemetery	1138:1145	arg1	Maghreb					1154:1160	the Maghreb	1150:1160	the Maghreb	1150:1160	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	3	45	theme	food	399:402	arg1	production					404:413	food production	399:413	food production	399:413	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	7	46	from	cereals	1580:1586	arg1	high					1543:1546	high	1543:1546	high	1543:1546	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	7	47	theme	industrialized	1504:1517	arg1	populations					1519:1529	modern industrialized populations	1497:1529	modern industrialized populations	1497:1529	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	5	48	theme	Later	1033:1037	arg1	Age					1045:1047	Later Stone Age	1033:1047	Later Stone Age	1033:1047	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	3	49	theme	oral	469:472	arg1	microbiota					474:483	the oral microbiota	465:483	the oral microbiota	465:483	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	4	50	attach	present	635:641	arg1	hunter-gatherers					753:768	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	741:768	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa	741:786	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	4	50	attach	present	635:641	arg2	we					632:633	we	632:633	we	632:633	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	4	51	theme	other	799:803	arg1	populations					817:827	other high caries populations	799:827	other high caries populations	799:827	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	4	52	from	reliance	691:698	arg1	foods					732:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	5	53	theme	Middle	1012:1017	arg1	Age					1025:1027	Middle Stone Age	1012:1027	Middle Stone Age	1012:1027	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	5	53	theme	Middle	1012:1017	arg1	Iberomaurusian					1050:1063	Iberomaurusian	1050:1063	Iberomaurusian	1050:1063	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	8	54	theme	increased	1603:1611	arg1	reliance					1613:1620	increased reliance	1603:1620	increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates	1603:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	4	55	theme	food	852:855	arg1	production					857:866	food production	852:866	food production	852:866	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	2	56	theme	plant	279:283	arg1	foods					285:289	plant foods	279:289	plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies	279:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	7	57	with	comparable	1483:1492	arg1	diet					1538:1541	a diet	1536:1541	a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals	1536:1586	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	2	58	theme	fermentable	299:309	arg1	carbohydrates					311:323	fermentable carbohydrates	299:323	fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies	299:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	6	59	theme	systematic	1275:1284	arg1	harvesting					1286:1295	systematic harvesting	1275:1295	systematic harvesting	1275:1295	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	1	60	theme	tooth	166:170	arg1	decay					172:176	tooth decay	166:176	tooth decay	166:176	Dental caries is an infectious disease that causes tooth decay.
24395774	7	61	from	high	1543:1546	arg1	sugars					1559:1564	refined sugars	1551:1564	refined sugars	1551:1564	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	7	61	from	high	1543:1546	arg1	cereals					1580:1586	processed cereals	1570:1586	processed cereals	1570:1586	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	3	62	theme	Streptococcus	563:575	arg1	mutans					577:582	Streptococcus mutans	563:582	Streptococcus mutans	563:582	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	8	63	theme	early	1712:1716	arg1	shift					1718:1722	an early shift	1709:1722	an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population	1709:1785	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	7	64	from	teeth	1455:1459	arg1	dentitions					1470:1479	adult dentitions	1464:1479	adult dentitions	1464:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	8	65	from	reliance	1613:1620	arg1	plants					1630:1635	wild plants	1625:1635	wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates	1625:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	8	65	from	reliance	1613:1620	arg1	processing					1691:1700	food processing	1686:1700	food processing	1686:1700	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	5	66	dep	Age	1025:1027	arg1	the					1008:1010	the	1008:1010	the	1008:1010	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	6	67	theme	pine	1356:1359	arg1	nuts					1361:1364	pine nuts	1356:1364	pine nuts	1356:1364	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	2	68	theme	rich	291:294	arg1	foods					285:289	plant foods	279:289	plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies	279:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	7	69	theme	high	1419:1422	arg1	prevalence					1424:1433	an exceptionally high prevalence	1402:1433	an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions)	1402:1480	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	6	70	dep	Macrobotanical	1163:1176	arg1	remains					1178:1184	remains	1178:1184	remains	1178:1184	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	3	71	theme	causative	587:595	arg1	agent					597:601	a causative agent	585:601	a causative agent of human dental caries	585:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	3	71	theme	causative	587:595	arg1	expansion					550:558	a demographic expansion	536:558	a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans	536:582	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	8	72	theme	disease-associated	1733:1750	arg1	microbiota					1757:1766	a disease-associated oral microbiota	1731:1766	a disease-associated oral microbiota	1731:1766	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	8	73	from	rich	1637:1640	arg1	carbohydrates					1657:1669	fermentable carbohydrates	1645:1669	fermentable carbohydrates	1645:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	1	74	theme	Dental	115:120	arg1	disease					146:152	an infectious disease	132:152	an infectious disease that causes tooth decay	132:176	Dental caries is an infectious disease that causes tooth decay.
24395774	1	74	theme	Dental	115:120	arg1	caries					122:127	Dental caries	115:127	Dental caries	115:127	Dental caries is an infectious disease that causes tooth decay.
24395774	4	75	theme	thousand	879:886	arg1	years					888:892	several thousand years	871:892	several thousand years	871:892	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	7	76	theme	pathology	1384:1392	arg1	Analysis					1367:1374	Analysis	1367:1374	Analysis of oral pathology	1367:1392	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	3	77	from	expansion	550:558	arg1	mutans					577:582	Streptococcus mutans	563:582	Streptococcus mutans	563:582	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	6	78	theme	wild	1322:1325	arg1	plants					1327:1332	edible wild plants	1315:1332	edible wild plants	1315:1332	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	6	78	theme	wild	1322:1325	arg1	acorns					1345:1350	acorns	1345:1350	acorns	1345:1350	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	6	78	theme	wild	1322:1325	arg1	nuts					1361:1364	pine nuts	1356:1364	pine nuts	1356:1364	Macrobotanical remains from occupational deposits dated between 15,000 and 13,700 cal B.P. provide evidence for systematic harvesting and processing of edible wild plants, including acorns and pine nuts.
24395774	3	79	theme	dental	612:617	arg1	caries					619:624	human dental caries	606:624	human dental caries	606:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	5	80	theme	Grotte	922:927	arg1	Pigeons					933:939	Grotte des Pigeons	922:939	Grotte des Pigeons	922:939	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	3	81	theme	expansion	550:558	arg1	timing					526:531	the estimated timing	512:531	the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries	512:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	0	82	theme	foods	63:67	arg1	exploitation					33:44	exploitation	33:44	exploitation	33:44	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	0	82	theme	foods	63:67	arg1	caries					22:27	caries	22:27	caries	22:27	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	1	83	theme	infectious	135:144	arg1	disease					146:152	an infectious disease	132:152	an infectious disease that causes tooth decay	132:176	Dental caries is an infectious disease that causes tooth decay.
24395774	1	83	theme	infectious	135:144	arg1	caries					122:127	Dental caries	115:127	Dental caries	115:127	Dental caries is an infectious disease that causes tooth decay.
24395774	7	84	theme	processed	1570:1578	arg1	cereals					1580:1586	processed cereals	1570:1586	processed cereals	1570:1586	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	0	85	from	caries	22:27	arg1	Morocco					106:112	Morocco	106:112	Morocco	106:112	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	0	85	from	caries	22:27	arg1	hunter-gatherers					84:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	72:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco	72:112	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	3	86	from	timing	526:531	arg1	mutans					577:582	Streptococcus mutans	563:582	Streptococcus mutans	563:582	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	0	87	theme	Pleistocene	72:82	arg1	hunter-gatherers					84:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	72:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco	72:112	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	5	88	theme	earliest	1123:1130	arg1	cemetery					1138:1145	the earliest known cemetery	1119:1145	the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb	1119:1160	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	4	89	from	Africa	781:786	arg1	hunter-gatherers					753:768	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	741:768	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa	741:786	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	4	90	theme	caries	681:686	arg1	prevalence					667:676	a high prevalence	660:676	a high prevalence of caries	660:686	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	5	91	theme	extensive	961:969	arg1	evidence					971:978	extensive evidence	961:978	extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian)	961:1064	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	7	92	from	%	1450:1450	arg1	dentitions					1470:1479	adult dentitions	1464:1479	adult dentitions	1464:1479	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	8	93	from	carbohydrates	1657:1669	arg1	rich					1637:1640	rich	1637:1640	rich	1637:1640	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	4	94	theme	Pleistocene	741:751	arg1	hunter-gatherers					753:768	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	741:768	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa	741:786	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	5	95	theme	human	1092:1096	arg1	burials					1098:1104	numerous human burials	1083:1104	numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb	1083:1160	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	0	96	from	exploitation	33:44	arg1	Morocco					106:112	Morocco	106:112	Morocco	106:112	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	0	96	from	exploitation	33:44	arg1	hunter-gatherers					84:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers	72:99	Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco	72:112	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	2	97	theme	high	183:186	arg1	prevalence					188:197	The high prevalence	179:197	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans	179:231	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	4	98	theme	wild	721:724	arg1	foods					732:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	highly cariogenic wild plant foods	703:736	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	8	99	from	changes	1675:1681	arg1	plants					1630:1635	wild plants	1625:1635	wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates	1625:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	8	99	from	changes	1675:1681	arg1	processing					1691:1700	food processing	1686:1700	food processing	1686:1700	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	7	100	from	sugars	1559:1564	arg1	high					1543:1546	high	1543:1546	high	1543:1546	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	7	101	theme	high	1543:1546	arg1	diet					1538:1541	a diet	1536:1541	a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals	1536:1586	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	5	102	theme	Stone	1019:1023	arg1	Age					1025:1027	Middle Stone Age	1012:1027	Middle Stone Age	1012:1027	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	5	102	theme	Stone	1019:1023	arg1	Iberomaurusian					1050:1063	Iberomaurusian	1050:1063	Iberomaurusian	1050:1063	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	4	103	theme	high	805:808	arg1	populations					817:827	other high caries populations	799:827	other high caries populations	799:827	Here we present evidence linking a high prevalence of caries to reliance on highly cariogenic wild plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from North Africa, predating other high caries populations and the first signs of food production by several thousand years.
24395774	0	104	theme	starchy	49:55	arg1	foods					63:67	starchy plant foods	49:67	starchy plant foods	49:67	Earliest evidence for caries and exploitation of starchy plant foods in Pleistocene hunter-gatherers from Morocco.
24395774	2	105	theme	dental	202:207	arg1	caries					209:214	dental caries	202:214	dental caries	202:214	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	2	106	theme	food-producing	328:341	arg1	societies					343:351	food-producing societies	328:351	food-producing societies	328:351	The high prevalence of dental caries in recent humans is attributed to more frequent consumption of plant foods rich in fermentable carbohydrates in food-producing societies.
24395774	8	107	theme	fermentable	1645:1655	arg1	carbohydrates					1657:1669	fermentable carbohydrates	1645:1669	fermentable carbohydrates	1645:1669	We infer that increased reliance on wild plants rich in fermentable carbohydrates and changes in food processing caused an early shift toward a disease-associated oral microbiota in this population.
24395774	3	108	theme	microbiota	474:483	arg1	composition					450:460	the composition	446:460	the composition of the oral microbiota	446:483	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	5	109	from	Pigeons	933:939	arg1	deposits					910:917	Archaeological deposits	895:917	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco	895:950	Archaeological deposits at Grotte des Pigeons in Morocco document extensive evidence for human occupation during the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age (Iberomaurusian), and incorporate numerous human burials representing the earliest known cemetery in the Maghreb.
24395774	7	110	theme	modern	1497:1502	arg1	populations					1519:1529	modern industrialized populations	1497:1529	modern industrialized populations	1497:1529	Analysis of oral pathology reveals an exceptionally high prevalence of caries (51.2% of teeth in adult dentitions), comparable to modern industrialized populations with a diet high in refined sugars and processed cereals.
24395774	3	111	from	change	436:441	arg1	composition					450:460	the composition	446:460	the composition of the oral microbiota	446:483	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
24395774	3	112	theme	estimated	516:524	arg1	timing					526:531	the estimated timing	512:531	the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries	512:624	The transition from hunting and gathering to food production is associated with a change in the composition of the oral microbiota and broadly coincides with the estimated timing of a demographic expansion in Streptococcus mutans, a causative agent of human dental caries.
27050114	5	0	theme	foxtail	1383:1389	arg1	millet					1398:1403	foxtail (FOXM) millet	1383:1403	foxtail (FOXM) millet	1383:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	4	1	theme	millet	721:726	arg1	HCA-AXs					728:734	millet HCA-AXs	721:734	millet HCA-AXs	721:734	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	5	2	theme	substituted	1315:1325	arg1	HCA-AXs					1327:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	3	theme	higher	1251:1256	arg1	activity					1270:1277	relatively higher antioxidant activity	1240:1277	relatively higher antioxidant activity	1240:1277	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	4	theme	detailed	1161:1168	arg1	analysis					1181:1188	the detailed structural analysis	1157:1188	the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	1157:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	4	theme	detailed	1161:1168	arg1	potential					1146:1154	their antioxidant potential	1128:1154	their antioxidant potential	1128:1154	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	3	5	theme	Xylp	685:688	arg1	residues					690:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	2	6	dep	condition	307:315	arg1	obtain					320:325	obtain	320:325	to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs	317:357	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	1	7	theme	extraction	272:281	arg1	conditions					283:292	the extraction conditions	268:292	the extraction conditions	268:292	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	4	8	theme	acids	817:821	arg1	content					772:778	the content	768:778	the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid)	768:860	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	2	9	dep	follows	377:383	arg1	61min					391:395	time 61min	386:395	time 61min	386:395	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	3	10	theme	branched	580:587	arg1	arabinoxylan					589:600	comparatively low branched arabinoxylan	562:600	comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	562:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	0	11	from	features	70:77	arg1	arabinoxylans					27:39	arabinoxylans	27:39	arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity	27:102	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity.
27050114	3	12	theme	low	576:578	arg1	arabinoxylan					589:600	comparatively low branched arabinoxylan	562:600	comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	562:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	5	13	theme	β-carotene	972:981	arg1	assays					1002:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	4	14	theme	significant	743:753	arg1	variation					755:763	significant variation	743:763	significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid)	743:860	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	5	15	from	millet	1398:1403	arg1	HCA-AXs					1327:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	15	from	millet	1398:1403	arg1	medium					1297:1302	other medium	1291:1302	other medium	1291:1302	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	2	16	theme	optimal	299:305	arg1	condition					307:315	The optimal condition	295:315	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs	295:357	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	2	16	theme	optimal	299:305	arg1	follows					377:383	follows	377:383	follows	377:383	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	5	17	theme	millet	891:896	arg1	HCA-AXs					898:904	millet HCA-AXs	891:904	millet HCA-AXs	891:904	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	18	from	barnyard	1365:1372	arg1	HCA-AXs					1327:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	18	from	barnyard	1365:1372	arg1	medium					1297:1302	other medium	1291:1302	other medium	1291:1302	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	19	from	finger	1340:1345	arg1	HCA-AXs					1327:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	19	from	finger	1340:1345	arg1	medium					1297:1302	other medium	1291:1302	other medium	1291:1302	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	20	theme	antioxidant	1134:1144	arg1	analysis					1181:1188	the detailed structural analysis	1157:1188	the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	1157:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	20	theme	antioxidant	1134:1144	arg1	potential					1146:1154	their antioxidant potential	1128:1154	their antioxidant potential	1128:1154	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	4	21	theme	bound	795:799	arg1	acids					817:821	three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids	783:821	three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid)	783:860	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	5	22	dep	suggested	1016:1024	arg1	correlated					1114:1123	correlated	1114:1123	suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	1016:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	2	23	theme	temperature	398:408	arg1	follows					377:383	follows	377:383	follows	377:383	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	2	23	theme	temperature	398:408	arg1	66°C					410:413	temperature 66°C	398:413	temperature 66°C	398:413	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	3	24	theme	un-substituted	670:683	arg1	residues					690:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	5	25	theme	substituted	1208:1218	arg1	KM-HCA-AX					1220:1228	low substituted KM-HCA-AX	1204:1228	low substituted KM-HCA-AX	1204:1228	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	1	26	theme	Hydroxycinnamic	105:119	arg1	HCA-AXs					147:153	HCA-AXs	147:153	HCA-AXs	147:153	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	1	26	theme	Hydroxycinnamic	105:119	arg1	arabinoxylans					132:144	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans	105:144	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs)	105:154	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	5	27	theme	low	1204:1206	arg1	KM-HCA-AX					1220:1228	low substituted KM-HCA-AX	1204:1228	low substituted KM-HCA-AX	1204:1228	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	1	28	theme	millet	197:202	arg1	varieties					204:212	five Indian millet varieties	185:212	five Indian millet varieties	185:212	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	0	29	theme	Hydroxycinnamic	0:14	arg1	acid					16:19	Hydroxycinnamic acid	0:19	Hydroxycinnamic acid	0:19	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity.
27050114	5	30	theme	emulsion	993:1000	arg1	assays					1002:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	31	theme	structural	1170:1179	arg1	analysis					1181:1188	the detailed structural analysis	1157:1188	the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	1157:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	31	theme	structural	1170:1179	arg1	potential					1146:1154	their antioxidant potential	1128:1154	their antioxidant potential	1128:1154	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	1	32	theme	acid	121:124	arg1	HCA-AXs					147:153	HCA-AXs	147:153	HCA-AXs	147:153	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	1	32	theme	acid	121:124	arg1	arabinoxylans					132:144	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans	105:144	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs)	105:154	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	4	33	theme	major	789:793	arg1	acids					817:821	three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids	783:821	three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid)	783:860	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	1	34	theme	varieties	204:212	arg1	brans					176:180	brans	176:180	brans of five Indian millet varieties	176:212	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	2	35	theme	sample	436:441	arg1	12ml/g					443:448	sample 12ml/g	436:448	sample 12ml/g	436:448	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	5	36	from	proso	1353:1357	arg1	HCA-AXs					1327:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	highly substituted HCA-AXs	1308:1333	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	36	from	proso	1353:1357	arg1	medium					1297:1302	other medium	1291:1302	other medium	1291:1302	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	1	37	theme	bound	126:130	arg1	HCA-AXs					147:153	HCA-AXs	147:153	HCA-AXs	147:153	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	1	37	theme	bound	126:130	arg1	arabinoxylans					132:144	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans	105:144	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs)	105:154	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	2	38	theme	solvent	425:431	arg1	ratio					416:420	ratio	416:420	ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g	416:448	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	2	38	theme	solvent	425:431	arg1	follows					377:383	follows	377:383	follows	377:383	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	4	39	theme	hydroxycinnamic	801:815	arg1	acids					817:821	three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids	783:821	three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid)	783:860	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	3	40	theme	%	668:668	arg1	residues					690:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	3	41	theme	kodo	528:531	arg1	KM-HCA-AX					541:549	KM-HCA-AX	541:549	KM-HCA-AX	541:549	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	3	41	theme	kodo	528:531	arg1	millet					533:538	kodo millet	528:538	kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX)	528:550	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	1	42	theme	response	218:225	arg1	methodology					235:245	response surface methodology	218:245	response surface methodology	218:245	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	0	43	theme	millet	46:51	arg1	features					70:77	millet brans-structural features	46:77	millet brans-structural features	46:77	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity.
27050114	0	44	from	activity	95:102	arg1	arabinoxylans					27:39	arabinoxylans	27:39	arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity	27:102	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity.
27050114	3	45	theme	%	620:620	arg1	residues					690:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	4	46	dep	acids	817:821	arg1	caffeic					824:830	caffeic	824:830	caffeic	824:830	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	4	46	dep	acids	817:821	arg1	p-coumaric					833:842	p-coumaric	833:842	p-coumaric	833:842	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	4	46	dep	acids	817:821	arg1	acid					856:859	ferulic acid	848:859	ferulic acid	848:859	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	1	47	theme	surface	227:233	arg1	methodology					235:245	response surface methodology	218:245	response surface methodology	218:245	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	5	48	dep	in	933:934	arg1	vitro					936:940	vitro	936:940	vitro	936:940	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	49	theme	antioxidant	1258:1268	arg1	activity					1270:1277	relatively higher antioxidant activity	1240:1277	relatively higher antioxidant activity	1240:1277	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	3	50	theme	mono-substituted	622:637	arg1	%					620:620	14.6% mono-substituted	616:637	14.6% mono-substituted	616:637	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	5	51	theme	antioxidant	867:877	arg1	activity					879:886	The antioxidant activity	863:886	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs	863:904	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	52	theme	arabinoxylans	1091:1103	arg1	characteristics					1072:1086	structural characteristics	1061:1086	structural characteristics of arabinoxylans	1061:1103	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	52	theme	arabinoxylans	1091:1103	arg1	composition					1045:1055	phenolic acid composition	1031:1055	phenolic acid composition	1031:1055	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	53	theme	structural	1061:1070	arg1	characteristics					1072:1086	structural characteristics	1061:1086	structural characteristics of arabinoxylans	1061:1103	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	54	theme	acid	1040:1043	arg1	composition					1045:1055	phenolic acid composition	1031:1055	phenolic acid composition	1031:1055	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	55	theme	FOXM	1392:1395	arg1	millet					1398:1403	foxtail (FOXM) millet	1383:1403	foxtail (FOXM) millet	1383:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	56	theme	in	933:934	arg1	FRAP					963:966	FRAP	963:966	FRAP	963:966	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	56	theme	in	933:934	arg1	DPPH					957:960	DPPH	957:960	DPPH	957:960	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	56	theme	in	933:934	arg1	methods					948:954	three in vitro assay methods	927:954	three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	927:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	0	57	theme	brans-structural	53:68	arg1	features					70:77	millet brans-structural features	46:77	millet brans-structural features	46:77	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity.
27050114	4	58	theme	ferulic	848:854	arg1	acid					856:859	ferulic acid	848:859	ferulic acid	848:859	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	4	59	theme	HCA-AXs	728:734	arg1	analysis					709:716	The HPLC analysis	700:716	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs	700:734	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	4	60	from	variation	755:763	arg1	content					772:778	the content	768:778	the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid)	768:860	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
27050114	3	61	contain	contained	552:560	arg1	KM-HCA-AX					541:549	KM-HCA-AX	541:549	KM-HCA-AX	541:549	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	3	61	contain	contained	552:560	arg2	arabinoxylan					589:600	comparatively low branched arabinoxylan	562:600	comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	562:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	3	61	contain	contained	552:560	arg1	millet					533:538	kodo millet	528:538	kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX)	528:550	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	5	62	theme	HCA-AXs	898:904	arg1	activity					879:886	The antioxidant activity	863:886	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs	863:904	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	3	63	theme	%	643:643	arg1	residues					690:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues	616:697	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	5	64	theme	phenolic	1031:1038	arg1	composition					1045:1055	phenolic acid composition	1031:1055	phenolic acid composition	1031:1055	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	2	65	theme	HCA-AXs	351:357	arg1	yield					335:339	highest yield	327:339	highest yield of millet HCA-AXs	327:357	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	2	66	theme	highest	327:333	arg1	yield					335:339	highest yield	327:339	highest yield of millet HCA-AXs	327:357	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	5	67	theme	assay	942:946	arg1	FRAP					963:966	FRAP	963:966	FRAP	963:966	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	67	theme	assay	942:946	arg1	DPPH					957:960	DPPH	957:960	DPPH	957:960	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	67	theme	assay	942:946	arg1	methods					948:954	three in vitro assay methods	927:954	three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	927:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	1	68	used	used	251:254	arg2	methodology					235:245	response surface methodology	218:245	response surface methodology	218:245	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	3	69	theme	di-substituted	645:658	arg1	%					643:643	1.2% di-substituted	640:658	1.2% di-substituted	640:658	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	2	70	theme	millet	344:349	arg1	HCA-AXs					351:357	millet HCA-AXs	344:357	millet HCA-AXs	344:357	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	5	71	dep	methods	948:954	arg1	assays					1002:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	71	dep	methods	948:954	arg1	FRAP					963:966	FRAP	963:966	FRAP	963:966	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	71	dep	methods	948:954	arg1	DPPH					957:960	DPPH	957:960	DPPH	957:960	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	5	71	dep	methods	948:954	arg1	methods					948:954	three in vitro assay methods	927:954	three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet	927:1403	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	3	72	theme	hydroxycinnamic	483:497	arg1	acid					499:502	hydroxycinnamic acid	483:502	hydroxycinnamic acid	483:502	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	0	73	theme	antioxidant	83:93	arg1	activity					95:102	antioxidant activity	83:102	antioxidant activity	83:102	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans from millet brans-structural features and antioxidant activity.
27050114	5	74	theme	linoleate	983:991	arg1	assays					1002:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays	972:1007	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	3	75	theme	Linkage	451:457	arg1	analysis					459:466	Linkage analysis	451:466	Linkage analysis	451:466	Linkage analysis indicated that hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylan from kodo millet (KM-HCA-AX) contained comparatively low branched arabinoxylan consisting of 14.6% mono-substituted, 1.2% di-substituted and 41.2% un-substituted Xylp residues.
27050114	2	76	theme	time	386:389	arg1	61min					391:395	time 61min	386:395	time 61min	386:395	The optimal condition to obtain highest yield of millet HCA-AXs was determined as follows: time 61min, temperature 66°C, ratio of solvent to sample 12ml/g.
27050114	1	77	theme	Indian	190:195	arg1	varieties					204:212	five Indian millet varieties	185:212	five Indian millet varieties	185:212	Hydroxycinnamic acid bound arabinoxylans (HCA-AXs) were extracted from brans of five Indian millet varieties and response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction conditions.
27050114	5	78	theme	other	1291:1295	arg1	medium					1297:1302	other medium	1291:1302	other medium	1291:1302	The antioxidant activity of millet HCA-AXs were evaluated using three in vitro assay methods (DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene linoleate emulsion assays) which suggested both phenolic acid composition and structural characteristics of arabinoxylans could be correlated to their antioxidant potential, the detailed structural analysis revealed that low substituted KM-HCA-AX exhibited relatively higher antioxidant activity compared to other medium and highly substituted HCA-AXs from finger (FM), proso (PM), barnyard (BM) and foxtail (FOXM) millet.
27050114	4	79	theme	HPLC	704:707	arg1	analysis					709:716	The HPLC analysis	700:716	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs	700:734	The HPLC analysis of millet HCA-AXs showed significant variation in the content of three major bound hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid).
29170114	2	0	theme	complexes	490:498	arg1	diameter					454:461	average diameter	446:461	average diameter	446:461	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	0	theme	complexes	490:498	arg1	potential					473:481	zeta potential	468:481	zeta potential	468:481	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	0	theme	complexes	490:498	arg1	properties					414:423	physical properties	405:423	physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed	405:505	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	0	theme	complexes	490:498	arg1	composition					433:443	composition	433:443	composition	433:443	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	5	1	theme	multivariate	879:890	arg1	analysis					904:911	a multivariate statistical analysis	877:911	a multivariate statistical analysis method	877:918	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	7	2	theme	net	1358:1360	arg1	charge					1362:1367	the protein net charge	1346:1367	the protein net charge	1346:1367	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	2	3	theme	model	358:362	arg1	proteins					364:371	model proteins	358:371	model proteins	358:371	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	3	theme	model	358:362	arg1	myoglobin					295:303	myoglobin	295:303	myoglobin	295:303	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	3	theme	model	358:362	arg1	albumin					337:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	3	theme	model	358:362	arg1	chymotrypsin					306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	3	theme	model	358:362	arg1	C					282:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	3	theme	model	358:362	arg1	lysozyme					285:292	lysozyme	285:292	lysozyme	285:292	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	5	4	theme	influencing	1022:1032	arg1	variables					1034:1042	the influencing variables	1018:1042	the influencing variables	1018:1042	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	3	5	theme	release	543:549	arg1	kinetics					551:558	protein release kinetics	535:558	protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength	535:625	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	6	6	theme	low	1143:1145	arg1	thresholds					1153:1162	low error thresholds	1143:1162	low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model	1143:1226	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	6	7	theme	indicative	1164:1173	arg1	thresholds					1153:1162	low error thresholds	1143:1162	low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model	1143:1226	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	7	8	theme	delivery	1462:1469	arg1	systems					1471:1477	ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1444:1477	ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1444:1477	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	7	9	theme	complexes	1431:1439	arg1	use					1418:1420	the potential use	1404:1420	the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1404:1477	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	6	10	theme	fit	1183:1185	arg1	indicative					1164:1173	indicative	1164:1173	indicative	1164:1173	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	5	11	theme	Latent	844:849	arg1	Structures					851:860	Latent Structures	844:860	Latent Structures	844:860	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	12	theme	protein	976:982	arg1	properties					957:966	the final properties	947:966	the final properties	947:966	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	12	theme	protein	976:982	arg1	kinetics					992:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	12	theme	protein	976:982	arg1	function					1006:1013	a function	1004:1013	a function of the influencing variables	1004:1042	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	7	13	theme	protein	1350:1356	arg1	charge					1362:1367	the protein net charge	1346:1367	the protein net charge	1346:1367	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	1	14	theme	protein	185:191	arg1	characteristics					193:207	protein characteristics	185:207	protein characteristics	185:207	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	1	15	from	influence	149:157	arg1	rates					264:268	their dissociation rates	245:268	their dissociation rates	245:268	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	1	15	from	influence	149:157	arg1	properties					230:239	the final complex properties	212:239	the final complex properties	212:239	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	3	16	theme	protein	535:541	arg1	kinetics					551:558	protein release kinetics	535:558	protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength	535:625	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	6	17	theme	physical	1067:1074	arg1	characteristics					1076:1090	the physical characteristics	1063:1090	the physical characteristics of the complexes	1063:1107	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	7	18	theme	ion-/pH-sensitive	1444:1460	arg1	systems					1471:1477	ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1444:1477	ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1444:1477	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	2	19	theme	serum	331:335	arg1	proteins					364:371	model proteins	358:371	model proteins	358:371	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	19	theme	serum	331:335	arg1	myoglobin					295:303	myoglobin	295:303	myoglobin	295:303	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	19	theme	serum	331:335	arg1	albumin					337:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	19	theme	serum	331:335	arg1	chymotrypsin					306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	19	theme	serum	331:335	arg1	C					282:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	19	theme	serum	331:335	arg1	lysozyme					285:292	lysozyme	285:292	lysozyme	285:292	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	7	20	theme	kinetics	1278:1285	arg1	parameters					1287:1296	the release kinetics parameters	1266:1296	the release kinetics parameters	1266:1296	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	7	20	theme	kinetics	1278:1285	arg1	dependent					1310:1318	dependent	1310:1318	dependent	1310:1318	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	7	21	theme	ionic	1327:1331	arg1	strength					1333:1340	the ionic strength	1323:1340	the ionic strength	1323:1340	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	2	22	used	used	350:353	arg2	C					282:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	22	used	used	350:353	arg2	chymotrypsin					306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	22	used	used	350:353	arg2	lysozyme					285:292	lysozyme	285:292	lysozyme	285:292	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	22	used	used	350:353	arg2	albumin					337:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	22	used	used	350:353	arg2	proteins					364:371	model proteins	358:371	model proteins	358:371	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	22	used	used	350:353	arg2	myoglobin					295:303	myoglobin	295:303	myoglobin	295:303	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	23	theme	bovine	324:329	arg1	proteins					364:371	model proteins	358:371	model proteins	358:371	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	23	theme	bovine	324:329	arg1	myoglobin					295:303	myoglobin	295:303	myoglobin	295:303	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	23	theme	bovine	324:329	arg1	albumin					337:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	23	theme	bovine	324:329	arg1	chymotrypsin					306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	23	theme	bovine	324:329	arg1	C					282:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	23	theme	bovine	324:329	arg1	lysozyme					285:292	lysozyme	285:292	lysozyme	285:292	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	0	24	theme	pH-/ion-sensitive	30:46	arg1	carriers					48:55	pH-/ion-sensitive carriers	30:55	pH-/ion-sensitive carriers of proteins	30:67	Protein-alginate complexes as pH-/ion-sensitive carriers of proteins.
29170114	6	25	theme	capabilities	1202:1213	arg1	indicative					1164:1173	indicative	1164:1173	indicative	1164:1173	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	6	26	theme	model	1222:1226	arg1	fit					1183:1185	good fit	1178:1185	good fit	1178:1185	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	6	26	theme	model	1222:1226	arg1	capabilities					1202:1213	prediction capabilities	1191:1213	prediction capabilities of the model	1191:1226	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	5	27	theme	final	951:955	arg1	kinetics					992:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	27	theme	final	951:955	arg1	properties					957:966	the final properties	947:966	the final properties	947:966	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	27	theme	final	951:955	arg1	function					1006:1013	a function	1004:1013	a function of the influencing variables	1004:1042	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	1	28	theme	final	216:220	arg1	properties					230:239	the final complex properties	212:239	the final complex properties	212:239	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	7	29	theme	potential	1408:1416	arg1	use					1418:1420	the potential use	1404:1420	the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1404:1477	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	6	30	theme	good	1178:1181	arg1	fit					1183:1185	good fit	1178:1185	good fit	1178:1185	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	5	31	theme	statistical	892:902	arg1	analysis					904:911	a multivariate statistical analysis	877:911	a multivariate statistical analysis method	877:918	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	3	32	from	changes	594:600	arg1	pH					605:606	pH	605:606	pH	605:606	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	3	32	from	changes	594:600	arg1	strength					618:625	ionic strength	612:625	ionic strength	612:625	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	1	33	theme	complex	222:228	arg1	properties					230:239	the final complex properties	212:239	the final complex properties	212:239	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	6	34	theme	prediction	1191:1200	arg1	capabilities					1202:1213	prediction capabilities	1191:1213	prediction capabilities of the model	1191:1226	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	2	35	theme	physical	405:412	arg1	diameter					454:461	average diameter	446:461	average diameter	446:461	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	35	theme	physical	405:412	arg1	potential					473:481	zeta potential	468:481	zeta potential	468:481	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	35	theme	physical	405:412	arg1	properties					414:423	physical properties	405:423	physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed	405:505	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	35	theme	physical	405:412	arg1	composition					433:443	composition	433:443	composition	433:443	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	36	theme	average	446:452	arg1	diameter					454:461	average diameter	446:461	average diameter	446:461	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	37	theme	zeta	468:471	arg1	potential					473:481	zeta potential	468:481	zeta potential	468:481	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	4	38	theme	appropriate	806:816	arg1	conditions					818:827	the appropriate conditions	802:827	the appropriate conditions	802:827	The results clearly demonstrated that, even in the absence of a cation, proteins could be complexed with alginate and showed a decreased release rate under the appropriate conditions.
29170114	5	39	theme	analysis	904:911	arg1	Projection					830:839	Projection	830:839	Projection to Latent Structures	830:860	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	39	theme	analysis	904:911	arg1	method					913:918	a multivariate statistical analysis method	877:918	a multivariate statistical analysis method	877:918	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	0	40	theme	proteins	60:67	arg1	carriers					48:55	pH-/ion-sensitive carriers	30:55	pH-/ion-sensitive carriers of proteins	30:67	Protein-alginate complexes as pH-/ion-sensitive carriers of proteins.
29170114	5	41	theme	variables	1034:1042	arg1	properties					957:966	the final properties	947:966	the final properties	947:966	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	41	theme	variables	1034:1042	arg1	kinetics					992:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	41	theme	variables	1034:1042	arg1	function					1006:1013	a function	1004:1013	a function of the influencing variables	1004:1042	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	4	42	theme	decreased	773:781	arg1	rate					791:794	a decreased release rate	771:794	a decreased release rate	771:794	The results clearly demonstrated that, even in the absence of a cation, proteins could be complexed with alginate and showed a decreased release rate under the appropriate conditions.
29170114	3	43	theme	ionic	612:616	arg1	strength					618:625	ionic strength	612:625	ionic strength	612:625	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	7	44	theme	pH	1386:1387	arg1	function					1374:1381	a function	1372:1381	a function of pH	1372:1387	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	4	45	theme	cation	710:715	arg1	absence					697:703	the absence	693:703	the absence of a cation	693:715	The results clearly demonstrated that, even in the absence of a cation, proteins could be complexed with alginate and showed a decreased release rate under the appropriate conditions.
29170114	6	46	theme	error	1147:1151	arg1	thresholds					1153:1162	low error thresholds	1143:1162	low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model	1143:1226	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	5	47	theme	release	984:990	arg1	properties					957:966	the final properties	947:966	the final properties	947:966	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	47	theme	release	984:990	arg1	kinetics					992:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	the protein release kinetics	972:999	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	5	47	theme	release	984:990	arg1	function					1006:1013	a function	1004:1013	a function of the influencing variables	1004:1042	Projection to Latent Structures was applied as a multivariate statistical analysis method to mathematically describe the final properties and the protein release kinetics as a function of the influencing variables.
29170114	1	48	theme	Protein-alginate	70:85	arg1	complexes					87:95	Protein-alginate complexes	70:95	Protein-alginate complexes	70:95	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	6	49	theme	complexes	1099:1107	arg1	characteristics					1076:1090	the physical characteristics	1063:1090	the physical characteristics of the complexes	1063:1107	It was found that the physical characteristics of the complexes could be accurately modelled with low error thresholds indicative of good fit and prediction capabilities of the model.
29170114	3	50	from	complexes	569:577	arg1	response					582:589	response	582:589	response to changes in pH and ionic strength	582:625	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	3	50	from	complexes	569:577	arg1	kinetics					551:558	protein release kinetics	535:558	protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength	535:625	In addition, protein release kinetics from the complexes in response to changes in pH and ionic strength were investigated.
29170114	1	51	theme	dissociation	251:262	arg1	rates					264:268	their dissociation rates	245:268	their dissociation rates	245:268	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	4	52	theme	release	783:789	arg1	rate					791:794	a decreased release rate	771:794	a decreased release rate	771:794	The results clearly demonstrated that, even in the absence of a cation, proteins could be complexed with alginate and showed a decreased release rate under the appropriate conditions.
29170114	7	53	theme	statistical	1233:1243	arg1	model					1245:1249	The statistical model	1229:1249	The statistical model	1229:1249	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	2	54	theme	Cytochrome	271:280	arg1	proteins					364:371	model proteins	358:371	model proteins	358:371	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	54	theme	Cytochrome	271:280	arg1	myoglobin					295:303	myoglobin	295:303	myoglobin	295:303	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	54	theme	Cytochrome	271:280	arg1	albumin					337:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	bovine serum albumin	324:343	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	54	theme	Cytochrome	271:280	arg1	chymotrypsin					306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	chymotrypsin	306:317	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	54	theme	Cytochrome	271:280	arg1	C					282:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C	271:282	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	2	54	theme	Cytochrome	271:280	arg1	lysozyme					285:292	lysozyme	285:292	lysozyme	285:292	Cytochrome C, lysozyme, myoglobin, chymotrypsin, and bovine serum albumin were used as model proteins for preparing the complexes and physical properties such as composition, average diameter, and zeta potential of the complexes formed were measured.
29170114	7	55	theme	release	1270:1276	arg1	parameters					1287:1296	the release kinetics parameters	1266:1296	the release kinetics parameters	1266:1296	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	7	55	theme	release	1270:1276	arg1	dependent					1310:1318	dependent	1310:1318	dependent	1310:1318	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
29170114	1	56	theme	parameters	166:175	arg1	influence					149:157	the influence	145:157	the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates	145:268	Protein-alginate complexes were prepared with the objective of quantifying the influence of the parameters such as protein characteristics on the final complex properties and their dissociation rates.
29170114	7	57	from	use	1418:1420	arg1	systems					1471:1477	ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1444:1477	ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems	1444:1477	The statistical model indicated that the release kinetics parameters were highly dependent on the ionic strength and the protein net charge as a function of pH, demonstrating the potential use of these complexes in ion-/pH-sensitive delivery systems.
27035476	0	0	theme	softwood	91:98	arg1	characteristics					59:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics	28:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus	28:118	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	6	1	from	variations	962:971	arg1	composition					1072:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition	1052:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species	1052:1103	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	6	1	from	variations	962:971	arg1	properties					985:994	chemical properties	976:994	chemical properties of hydrogen bonding	976:1014	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	6	2	from	changes	1041:1047	arg1	composition					1072:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition	1052:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species	1052:1103	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	6	2	from	changes	1041:1047	arg1	properties					985:994	chemical properties	976:994	chemical properties of hydrogen bonding	976:1014	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	3	3	theme	activation	515:524	arg1	energy					526:531	The mean activation energy	506:531	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples	506:565	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	2	4	theme	pyrolysis	495:503	arg1	temperatures					445:456	the initiation temperatures	430:456	the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis	430:503	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	3	5	theme	conversion	665:674	arg1	rate					676:679	the conversion rate	661:679	the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7	661:695	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	4	6	theme	pyrolysis	818:826	arg1	rates					828:832	the pyrolysis rates	814:832	the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose	814:863	After the bio-pretreatment, the required temperatures were lower (4-7°C) for the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose in Mp reaching maximum and termination.
27035476	3	7	theme	energy	526:531	arg1	values					533:538	The mean activation energy values	506:538	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples	506:565	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	1	8	theme	brown-rot	260:268	arg1	trabeum					290:296	brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	260:296	brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	260:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	0	9	theme	brown-rot	103:111	arg1	fungus					113:118	brown-rot fungus	103:118	brown-rot fungus	103:118	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	0	10	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	characteristics					59:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics	28:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus	28:118	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	4	11	theme	hemicellulose	837:849	arg1	rates					828:832	the pyrolysis rates	814:832	the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose	814:863	After the bio-pretreatment, the required temperatures were lower (4-7°C) for the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose in Mp reaching maximum and termination.
27035476	3	12	theme	samples	559:565	arg1	values					533:538	The mean activation energy values	506:538	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples	506:565	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	6	13	theme	wood	1092:1095	arg1	species					1097:1103	both wood species	1087:1103	both wood species	1087:1103	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	1	14	theme	fungus	270:275	arg1	trabeum					290:296	brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	260:296	brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	260:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	6	15	theme	relative	1032:1039	arg1	changes					1041:1047	the relative changes	1028:1047	the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species	1028:1103	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	1	16	theme	Gloeophyllum	277:288	arg1	trabeum					290:296	brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	260:296	brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	260:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	6	17	theme	hydrogen	999:1006	arg1	bonding					1008:1014	hydrogen bonding	999:1014	hydrogen bonding	999:1014	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	1	18	theme	urophylla	196:204	arg1	characterization					156:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization	121:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	121:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	3	19	theme	bio-treated	547:557	arg1	samples					559:565	the bio-treated samples	543:565	the bio-treated samples	543:565	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	3	20	from	0.7	693:695	arg1	rate					676:679	the conversion rate	661:679	the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7	661:695	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	3	21	theme	FWO	724:726	arg1	method					729:734	Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method	706:734	Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method	706:734	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	6	22	theme	species	1097:1103	arg1	composition					1072:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition	1052:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species	1052:1103	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	6	23	theme	bonding	1008:1014	arg1	properties					985:994	chemical properties	976:994	chemical properties of hydrogen bonding	976:1014	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	0	24	theme	biodegradation	10:23	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.	0:119	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	3	25	theme	Flynn-Wall-Ozawa	706:721	arg1	method					729:734	Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method	706:734	Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method	706:734	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	3	26	theme	mean	510:513	arg1	energy					526:531	The mean activation energy	506:531	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples	506:565	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	4	27	dep	lower	796:800	arg1	4-7°C					803:807	4-7°C	803:807	4-7°C	803:807	After the bio-pretreatment, the required temperatures were lower (4-7°C) for the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose in Mp reaching maximum and termination.
27035476	2	28	theme	Mp	492:493	arg1	pyrolysis					495:503	Mp pyrolysis	492:503	Mp pyrolysis	492:503	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	2	29	theme	fungus	358:363	arg1	pretreatment					365:376	the brown-rot fungus pretreatment	344:376	the brown-rot fungus pretreatment	344:376	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	2	30	dep	temperatures	445:456	arg1	8-11°C					459:464	8-11°C	459:464	8-11°C	459:464	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	1	31	theme	Pinus	224:228	arg1	characterization					156:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization	121:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	121:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	0	32	theme	thermogravimetric	28:44	arg1	characteristics					59:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics	28:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus	28:118	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	2	33	theme	initiation	434:443	arg1	temperatures					445:456	the initiation temperatures	430:456	the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis	430:503	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	2	34	theme	Ep	485:486	arg1	temperatures					445:456	the initiation temperatures	430:456	the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis	430:503	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	3	35	dep	0.7	693:695	arg1	to					690:691	to	690:691	to	690:691	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	4	36	theme	cellulose	855:863	arg1	rates					828:832	the pyrolysis rates	814:832	the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose	814:863	After the bio-pretreatment, the required temperatures were lower (4-7°C) for the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose in Mp reaching maximum and termination.
27035476	2	37	dep	8-11°C	459:464	arg1	lower					466:470	lower	466:470	lower	466:470	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	0	38	theme	chemical	50:57	arg1	characteristics					59:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics	28:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus	28:118	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	1	39	theme	thermogravimetric	125:141	arg1	characterization					156:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization	121:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	121:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	1	40	dep	Pinus	224:228	arg1	massoniana					230:239	softwood Pinus massoniana	215:239	softwood Pinus massoniana	215:239	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	2	41	theme	brown-rot	348:356	arg1	pretreatment					365:376	the brown-rot fungus pretreatment	344:376	the brown-rot fungus pretreatment	344:376	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
27035476	6	42	theme	lignin/carbohydrate	1052:1070	arg1	composition					1072:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition	1052:1082	lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species	1052:1103	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	6	43	theme	chemical	976:983	arg1	properties					985:994	chemical properties	976:994	chemical properties of hydrogen bonding	976:1014	The variations in chemical properties of hydrogen bonding, as well as the relative changes in lignin/carbohydrate composition of both wood species were also examined.
27035476	3	44	theme	un-treated	639:648	arg1	samples					650:656	the un-treated samples	635:656	the un-treated samples	635:656	The mean activation energy values of the bio-treated samples were 29.7kJ/mol (for Ep) and 42.3kJ/mol (for Mp) lower than that of the un-treated samples at the conversion rate from 0.1 to 0.7 based on Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) method.
27035476	1	45	theme	chemical	147:154	arg1	characterization					156:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization	121:171	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum	121:296	The thermogravimetric and chemical characterization of hardwood Eucalyptus urophylla (Ep) and softwood Pinus massoniana (Mp) pretreated by brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum were investigated.
27035476	0	46	theme	hardwood	78:85	arg1	characteristics					59:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics	28:73	thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus	28:118	Effect of biodegradation on thermogravimetric and chemical characteristics of hardwood and softwood by brown-rot fungus.
27035476	4	47	theme	required	769:776	arg1	lower					796:800	lower	796:800	lower	796:800	After the bio-pretreatment, the required temperatures were lower (4-7°C) for the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose in Mp reaching maximum and termination.
27035476	4	47	theme	required	769:776	arg1	temperatures					778:789	the required temperatures	765:789	the required temperatures	765:789	After the bio-pretreatment, the required temperatures were lower (4-7°C) for the pyrolysis rates of hemicellulose and cellulose in Mp reaching maximum and termination.
27035476	2	48	theme	thermal	395:401	arg1	decomposition					403:415	the thermal decomposition	391:415	the thermal decomposition	391:415	The results indicated that the brown-rot fungus pretreatment can optimize the thermal decomposition and decrease the initiation temperatures (8-11°C lower) of both the Ep and Mp pyrolysis.
24907730	1	0	theme	ethylene	150:157	arg1	poly					145:148	poly	145:148	poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film	145:183	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	1	0	theme	ethylene	150:157	arg1	terephthalate					159:171	ethylene terephthalate	150:171	ethylene terephthalate	150:171	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	4	1	theme	amphiphilic	941:951	arg1	surface					953:959	an amphiphilic surface	938:959	an amphiphilic surface	938:959	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	3	2	theme	photoelectron	687:699	arg1	XPS					715:717	XPS	715:717	XPS	715:717	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	2	theme	photoelectron	687:699	arg1	spectroscopy					701:712	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	681:712	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	681:718	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	5	3	theme	SGC-7901	1040:1047	arg1	A549					1049:1052	SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells	1040:1071	A549	1049:1052	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	0	4	theme	films	105:109	arg1	surface					90:96	the surface	86:96	the surface of PET films	86:109	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	4	5	theme	thick	854:858	arg1	layer					879:883	a thick targeted copolymer layer	852:883	a thick targeted copolymer layer	852:883	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	0	6	theme	PET	101:103	arg1	films					105:109	PET films	101:109	PET films	101:109	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	3	7	theme	contact	721:727	arg1	measurement					735:745	contact angle measurement	721:745	contact angle measurement	721:745	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	8	theme	angle	729:733	arg1	measurement					735:745	contact angle measurement	721:745	contact angle measurement	721:745	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	4	9	theme	PET	827:829	arg1	films					831:835	PET films	827:835	PET films	827:835	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	2	10	theme	styrene	384:390	arg1	surfaces					400:407	styrene grafted surfaces	384:407	styrene grafted surfaces	384:407	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	0	11	theme	β-cyclodextrin	55:68	arg1	copolymers					70:79	grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers	36:79	grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers	36:79	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	5	12	theme	PET	1160:1162	arg1	alternative					1191:1201	a promising alternative	1179:1201	a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering	1179:1251	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	5	12	theme	PET	1160:1162	arg1	films					1164:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	2	13	theme	transfer	449:456	arg1	polymerization					466:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	426:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	426:489	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	13	theme	transfer	449:456	arg1	SI-ATRP					482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	4	14	theme	PET	917:919	arg1	surface					906:912	the hydrophobic surface	890:912	the hydrophobic surface of PET	890:919	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	2	15	theme	derivatives	368:378	arg1	copolymer					329:337	the copolymer	325:337	the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces	325:407	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	16	theme	atom	444:447	arg1	polymerization					466:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	426:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	426:489	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	16	theme	atom	444:447	arg1	SI-ATRP					482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	4	17	theme	films	831:835	arg1	surface					816:822	the surface	812:822	the surface of PET films	812:835	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	2	18	theme	β-cyclodextrin	353:366	arg1	derivatives					368:378	functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives	342:378	functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives	342:378	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	19	theme	surface-initiated	426:442	arg1	polymerization					466:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	426:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	426:489	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	19	theme	surface-initiated	426:442	arg1	SI-ATRP					482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	3	20	theme	scanning	752:759	arg1	microscopy					772:781	scanning electronic microscopy	752:781	scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)	752:787	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	20	theme	scanning	752:759	arg1	SEM					784:786	SEM	784:786	SEM	784:786	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	5	21	theme	good	1009:1012	arg1	biocompatibility					1014:1029	good biocompatibility	1009:1029	good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering	1009:1251	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	1	22	theme	film	180:183	arg1	surface					134:140	The hydrophobic inert surface	112:140	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film	112:183	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	3	23	theme	surface	566:572	arg1	morphology					574:583	surface morphology	566:583	surface morphology	566:583	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	1	24	theme	poly	145:148	arg1	film					180:183	poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film	145:183	poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film	145:183	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	0	25	theme	functional	44:53	arg1	copolymers					70:79	grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers	36:79	grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers	36:79	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	5	26	theme	promising	1181:1189	arg1	alternative					1191:1201	a promising alternative	1179:1201	a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering	1179:1251	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	5	26	theme	promising	1181:1189	arg1	films					1164:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	0	27	from	surface	90:96	arg1	biocompatibility					16:31	biocompatibility	16:31	biocompatibility	16:31	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	0	27	from	surface	90:96	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	3	28	theme	PET	601:603	arg1	films					605:609	the modified PET films	588:609	the modified PET films	588:609	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	2	29	theme	surfaces	400:407	arg1	copolymer					329:337	the copolymer	325:337	the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces	325:407	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	0	30	theme	grafted	36:42	arg1	copolymers					70:79	grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers	36:79	grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers	36:79	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	5	31	theme	functional	1131:1140	arg1	alternative					1191:1201	a promising alternative	1179:1201	a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering	1179:1251	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	5	31	theme	functional	1131:1140	arg1	films					1164:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	4	32	theme	hydrophobic	894:904	arg1	surface					906:912	the hydrophobic surface	890:912	the hydrophobic surface of PET	890:919	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	5	33	theme	A549/DDP	1058:1065	arg1	cells					1067:1071	SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells	1040:1071	cells	1067:1071	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	3	34	theme	films	605:609	arg1	properties					550:559	properties	550:559	properties	550:559	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	34	theme	films	605:609	arg1	morphology					574:583	surface morphology	566:583	surface morphology	566:583	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	34	theme	films	605:609	arg1	composition					537:547	composition	537:547	composition	537:547	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	34	theme	films	605:609	arg1	structures					525:534	The structures	521:534	The structures	521:534	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	2	35	theme	grafted	392:398	arg1	surfaces					400:407	styrene grafted surfaces	384:407	styrene grafted surfaces	384:407	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	0	36	theme	copolymers	70:79	arg1	biocompatibility					16:31	biocompatibility	16:31	biocompatibility	16:31	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	0	36	theme	copolymers	70:79	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation and biocompatibility of grafted functional β-cyclodextrin copolymers from the surface of PET films.
24907730	1	37	theme	surface	289:295	arg1	modification					297:308	surface modification	289:308	surface modification	289:308	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	4	38	theme	copolymer	869:877	arg1	layer					879:883	a thick targeted copolymer layer	852:883	a thick targeted copolymer layer	852:883	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	3	39	theme	infrared	651:658	arg1	spectroscopy					660:671	infrared spectroscopy	651:671	infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	651:678	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	39	theme	infrared	651:658	arg1	FTIR					674:677	FTIR	674:677	FTIR	674:677	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	1	40	theme	hydrophobic	116:126	arg1	surface					134:140	The hydrophobic inert surface	112:140	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film	112:183	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	2	41	theme	radical	458:464	arg1	polymerization					466:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization	426:479	surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP)	426:489	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	41	theme	radical	458:464	arg1	SI-ATRP					482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	SI-ATRP	482:488	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	3	42	theme	electronic	761:770	arg1	microscopy					772:781	scanning electronic microscopy	752:781	scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)	752:787	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	42	theme	electronic	761:770	arg1	SEM					784:786	SEM	784:786	SEM	784:786	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	4	43	theme	targeted	860:867	arg1	layer					879:883	a thick targeted copolymer layer	852:883	a thick targeted copolymer layer	852:883	The results show that the surface of PET films was covered by a thick targeted copolymer layer, and the hydrophobic surface of PET was changed into an amphiphilic surface.
24907730	3	44	theme	modified	592:599	arg1	films					605:609	the modified PET films	588:609	the modified PET films	588:609	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	1	45	theme	inert	128:132	arg1	surface					134:140	The hydrophobic inert surface	112:140	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film	112:183	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	3	46	theme	X-ray	681:685	arg1	XPS					715:717	XPS	715:717	XPS	715:717	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	3	46	theme	X-ray	681:685	arg1	spectroscopy					701:712	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	681:712	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	681:718	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	1	47	theme	practical	201:209	arg1	bioapplications					211:225	its practical bioapplications	197:225	its practical bioapplications	197:225	The hydrophobic inert surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film has limited its practical bioapplications, in which case, better biocompatibility should be achieved by surface modification.
24907730	5	48	theme	tissue	1234:1239	arg1	engineering					1241:1251	tissue engineering	1234:1251	tissue engineering	1234:1251	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	3	49	dep	fourier	633:639	arg1	transform					641:649	transform	641:649	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)	641:787	The structures, composition, properties, and surface morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
24907730	5	50	theme	copolymer-grafted	966:982	arg1	surfaces					984:991	The copolymer-grafted surfaces	962:991	The copolymer-grafted surfaces	962:991	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	2	51	theme	functional	342:351	arg1	derivatives					368:378	functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives	342:378	functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives	342:378	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	2	52	theme	initiator-immobilized	494:514	arg1	PET					516:518	initiator-immobilized PET	494:518	initiator-immobilized PET	494:518	In this work, the copolymer of functional β-cyclodextrin derivatives and styrene grafted surfaces was prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) on initiator-immobilized PET.
24907730	5	53	theme	copolymer-grafted	1142:1158	arg1	alternative					1191:1201	a promising alternative	1179:1201	a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering	1179:1251	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
24907730	5	53	theme	copolymer-grafted	1142:1158	arg1	films					1164:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	the functional copolymer-grafted PET films	1127:1168	The copolymer-grafted surfaces were also shown good biocompatibility on which SGC-7901 A549 and A549/DDP cells readily attached and proliferated, demonstrating that the functional copolymer-grafted PET films could be a promising alternative to biomaterials especially for tissue engineering.
27440070	2	0	theme	physiological	331:343	arg1	stimuli					357:363	physiological or external stimuli	331:363	physiological or external stimuli	331:363	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	8	1	theme	injectable	1499:1508	arg1	material					1518:1525	injectable gelling material	1499:1525	injectable gelling material	1499:1525	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	0	2	theme	Structural	85:94	arg1	Investigation					96:108	Structural Investigation	85:108	Structural Investigation	85:108	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	5	3	theme	physiological	967:979	arg1	temperature					981:991	the physiological temperature	963:991	the physiological temperature	963:991	We then found the "optimized composition", namely, the one in which the Tgel is equal to the physiological temperature.
27440070	1	4	theme	small	246:250	arg1	siRNA					282:286	siRNA	282:286	siRNA	282:286	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	1	4	theme	small	246:250	arg1	acid					276:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid	246:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	246:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	4	5	from	effect	809:814	arg1	temperature					861:871	the gelation temperature	848:871	the gelation temperature	848:871	To this aim, we first analyzed the effect of acetic acid concentration on the gelation temperature.
27440070	4	6	theme	acid	826:829	arg1	concentration					831:843	acetic acid concentration	819:843	acetic acid concentration	819:843	To this aim, we first analyzed the effect of acetic acid concentration on the gelation temperature.
27440070	5	7	theme	composition	903:913	arg1	"					914:914	the "optimized composition"	888:914	the "optimized composition"	888:914	We then found the "optimized composition", namely, the one in which the Tgel is equal to the physiological temperature.
27440070	5	8	theme	optimized	893:901	arg1	"					914:914	the "optimized composition"	888:914	the "optimized composition"	888:914	We then found the "optimized composition", namely, the one in which the Tgel is equal to the physiological temperature.
27440070	1	9	theme	interfering	252:262	arg1	siRNA					282:286	siRNA	282:286	siRNA	282:286	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	1	9	theme	interfering	252:262	arg1	acid					276:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid	246:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	246:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	2	10	theme	biomedical	496:505	arg1	applications					507:518	pharmacological and biomedical applications	476:518	pharmacological and biomedical applications	476:518	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	3	11	dep	modulate	721:728	arg1	ii					717:718	ii	717:718	ii	717:718	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	4	12	theme	acetic	819:824	arg1	concentration					831:843	acetic acid concentration	819:843	acetic acid concentration	819:843	To this aim, we first analyzed the effect of acetic acid concentration on the gelation temperature.
27440070	5	13	from	one	929:931	arg1	"					914:914	the "optimized composition"	888:914	the "optimized composition"	888:914	We then found the "optimized composition", namely, the one in which the Tgel is equal to the physiological temperature.
27440070	1	14	theme	ribonucleic	264:274	arg1	siRNA					282:286	siRNA	282:286	siRNA	282:286	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	1	14	theme	ribonucleic	264:274	arg1	acid					276:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid	246:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	246:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	8	15	theme	sustained	1533:1541	arg1	release					1543:1549	a sustained release	1531:1549	a sustained release	1531:1549	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	6	16	theme	drug	1153:1156	arg1	kinetics					1134:1141	release kinetics	1126:1141	release kinetics of loaded drug	1126:1156	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	6	17	theme	resulting	998:1006	arg1	gel					1008:1010	The resulting gel	994:1010	The resulting gel	994:1010	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	1	18	theme	drugs	184:188	arg1	systems					173:179	reliable delivery systems	155:179	reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	155:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	0	19	theme	Erosion	115:121	arg1	Tests					123:127	Erosion Tests	115:127	Erosion Tests	115:127	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	3	20	theme	physiological	679:691	arg1	pH					693:694	physiological pH	679:694	physiological pH	679:694	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	6	21	theme	loaded	1146:1151	arg1	drug					1153:1156	loaded drug	1146:1156	loaded drug	1146:1156	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	7	22	dep	environment	1378:1388	arg1	solution					1398:1405	buffer solution	1391:1405	buffer solution at pH 7.4	1391:1415	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	7	23	theme	model	1208:1212	arg1	drug					1214:1217	a model drug	1206:1217	a model drug	1206:1217	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	0	24	theme	Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate	11:37	arg1	System					39:44	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System	0:44	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release	0:66	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	3	25	theme	thermo-gelling	538:551	arg1	system					582:587	a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system	536:587	a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system	536:587	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	0	26	theme	Injectable	0:9	arg1	System					39:44	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System	0:44	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release	0:66	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	3	27	theme	able	656:659	arg1	system					649:654	injectable system	638:654	injectable system able to	638:662	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	3	28	theme	chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate	553:580	arg1	system					582:587	a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system	536:587	a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system	536:587	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	7	29	theme	buffer	1391:1396	arg1	solution					1398:1405	buffer solution	1391:1405	buffer solution at pH 7.4	1391:1415	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	2	30	theme	molecules	428:436	arg1	mechanisms					397:406	the delivery mechanisms	384:406	the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules	384:436	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	2	31	theme	entrapped	411:419	arg1	molecules					428:436	entrapped active molecules	411:436	entrapped active molecules	411:436	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	2	32	theme	active	421:426	arg1	molecules					428:436	entrapped active molecules	411:436	entrapped active molecules	411:436	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	3	33	dep	gelling	668:674	arg1	i					665:665	i	665:665	i	665:665	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	0	34	dep	Study	78:82	arg1	System					39:44	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System	0:44	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release	0:66	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	1	35	theme	reliable	155:162	arg1	systems					173:179	reliable delivery systems	155:179	reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	155:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	7	36	theme	gelled	1177:1182	arg1	chitosan					1184:1191	gelled chitosan	1177:1191	gelled chitosan	1177:1191	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	7	37	from	pH	1410:1411	arg1	solution					1398:1405	buffer solution	1391:1405	buffer solution at pH 7.4	1391:1415	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	3	38	theme	injectable	638:647	arg1	system					649:654	injectable system	638:654	injectable system able to	638:662	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	6	39	theme	release	1126:1132	arg1	kinetics					1134:1141	release kinetics	1126:1141	release kinetics of loaded drug	1126:1156	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	1	40	theme	nucleic	216:222	arg1	acid					276:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid	246:279	small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	246:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	1	40	theme	nucleic	216:222	arg1	NABDs					231:235	NABDs	231:235	NABDs	231:235	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	1	40	theme	nucleic	216:222	arg1	acids					224:228	nucleic acids	216:228	nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	216:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	0	41	theme	Sustained	50:58	arg1	Release					60:66	Sustained Release	50:66	Sustained Release	50:66	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	7	42	theme	physiological	1364:1376	arg1	environment					1378:1388	a physiological environment	1362:1388	a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4)	1362:1416	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	2	43	theme	pharmacological	476:490	arg1	applications					507:518	pharmacological and biomedical applications	476:518	pharmacological and biomedical applications	476:518	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	0	44	theme	Gelation	69:76	arg1	Study					78:82	Gelation Study	69:82	Gelation Study	69:82	Injectable Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate System for Sustained Release: Gelation Study, Structural Investigation, and Erosion Tests.
27440070	7	45	theme	erosion	1304:1310	arg1	time					1312:1315	erosion time	1304:1315	erosion time	1304:1315	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	6	46	theme	nuclear	1037:1043	arg1	LF-NMR					1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	6	46	theme	nuclear	1037:1043	arg1	resonance					1054:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance	1027:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR)	1027:1071	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	7	47	theme	characteristic	1263:1276	arg1	times					1278:1282	their characteristic times	1257:1282	their characteristic times	1257:1282	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	4	48	theme	concentration	831:843	arg1	effect					809:814	the effect	805:814	the effect of acetic acid concentration on the gelation temperature	805:871	To this aim, we first analyzed the effect of acetic acid concentration on the gelation temperature.
27440070	6	49	theme	field	1031:1035	arg1	LF-NMR					1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	6	49	theme	field	1031:1035	arg1	resonance					1054:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance	1027:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR)	1027:1071	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	8	50	theme	ideal	1480:1484	arg1	candidate					1486:1494	an ideal candidate	1477:1494	an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release	1477:1549	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	8	50	theme	ideal	1480:1484	arg1	system					1454:1459	the optimized system	1440:1459	the optimized system	1440:1459	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	4	51	theme	gelation	852:859	arg1	temperature					861:871	the gelation temperature	848:871	the gelation temperature	848:871	To this aim, we first analyzed the effect of acetic acid concentration on the gelation temperature.
27440070	6	52	theme	low	1027:1029	arg1	LF-NMR					1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	6	52	theme	low	1027:1029	arg1	resonance					1054:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance	1027:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR)	1027:1071	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	3	53	theme	ingredients	761:771	arg1	release					734:740	the release	730:740	the release of included active ingredients	730:771	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	7	54	dep	diffusion	1290:1298	arg1	i.e.					1285:1288	i.e.	1285:1288	i.e.	1285:1288	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	2	55	theme	delivery	388:395	arg1	mechanisms					397:406	the delivery mechanisms	384:406	the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules	384:436	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	6	56	theme	average	1090:1096	arg1	mesh-size					1098:1106	its average mesh-size	1086:1106	its average mesh-size	1086:1106	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	7	57	theme	chitosan	1184:1191	arg1	films					1168:1172	films	1168:1172	films	1168:1172	Finally, films of gelled chitosan, loaded with a model drug, have been tested in vitro to monitor their characteristic times, i.e. diffusion and erosion time, when they are exposed to a medium mimicking a physiological environment (buffer solution at pH 7.4).
27440070	2	58	theme	external	348:355	arg1	stimuli					357:363	physiological or external stimuli	331:363	physiological or external stimuli	331:363	Their nature, structure, and response to physiological or external stimuli strongly influence the delivery mechanisms of entrapped active molecules, and, in turn, their possible uses in pharmacological and biomedical applications.
27440070	3	59	theme	included	745:752	arg1	ingredients					761:771	included active ingredients	745:771	included active ingredients	745:771	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27440070	6	60	theme	magnetic	1045:1052	arg1	LF-NMR					1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	LF-NMR	1065:1070	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	6	60	theme	magnetic	1045:1052	arg1	resonance					1054:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance	1027:1062	low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR)	1027:1071	The resulting gel was tested, by low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR), to evaluate its average mesh-size, which can affect release kinetics of loaded drug.
27440070	8	61	theme	optimized	1444:1452	arg1	candidate					1486:1494	an ideal candidate	1477:1494	an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release	1477:1549	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	8	61	theme	optimized	1444:1452	arg1	system					1454:1459	the optimized system	1440:1459	the optimized system	1440:1459	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	1	62	theme	delivery	164:171	arg1	systems					173:179	reliable delivery systems	155:179	reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)	155:287	Hydrogels can constitute reliable delivery systems of drugs, including those based on nucleic acids (NABDs) such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA).
27440070	8	63	theme	gelling	1510:1516	arg1	material					1518:1525	injectable gelling material	1499:1525	injectable gelling material	1499:1525	Results display that the optimized system is deemed to be an ideal candidate as injectable gelling material for a sustained release.
27440070	3	64	theme	active	754:759	arg1	ingredients					761:771	included active ingredients	745:771	included active ingredients	745:771	In this study, a thermo-gelling chitosan/β-glycero-phosphate system has been optimized in order to assess its use as injectable system able to: i) gelling at physiological pH and temperature, and ii) modulate the release of included active ingredients.
27178958	6	0	theme	cells	1216:1220	arg1	cryopreservation					1196:1211	long term cryopreservation	1186:1211	long term cryopreservation of cells	1186:1220	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	3	1	theme	reflectance-Fourier	597:615	arg1	spectroscopy					636:647	infrared spectroscopy	627:647	attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	580:658	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	6	2	theme	engineering	1153:1163	arg1	applications					1165:1176	tissue engineering applications	1146:1176	tissue engineering applications	1146:1176	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	4	3	with	compatible	726:735	arg1	hemoglobin					742:751	hemoglobin	742:751	hemoglobin	742:751	The prepared scaffolds were found to be biodegradable and highly compatible with hemoglobin.
27178958	2	4	theme	respective	442:451	arg1	scaffolds					453:461	their respective scaffolds	436:461	their respective scaffolds	436:461	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	5	5	theme	fluorescence	990:1001	arg1	microscopy					1003:1012	fluorescence microscopy	990:1012	fluorescence microscopy	990:1012	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	5	6	theme	3days	936:940	arg1	interval					924:931	regular interval	916:931	regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days)	916:966	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	1	7	theme	scaffolds	242:250	arg1	fabrication					158:168	the fabrication	154:168	the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique	154:282	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	4	8	theme	prepared	665:672	arg1	scaffolds					674:682	The prepared scaffolds	661:682	The prepared scaffolds	661:682	The prepared scaffolds were found to be biodegradable and highly compatible with hemoglobin.
27178958	4	8	theme	prepared	665:672	arg1	biodegradable					701:713	biodegradable	701:713	biodegradable	701:713	The prepared scaffolds were found to be biodegradable and highly compatible with hemoglobin.
27178958	3	9	theme	PVA-Car	468:474	arg1	scaffolds					476:484	The PVA-Car scaffolds	464:484	The PVA-Car scaffolds	464:484	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	6	10	with	constructs	1069:1078	arg1	ratios					1105:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	6	11	theme	PVA-Car	1097:1103	arg1	ratios					1105:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	6	12	theme	collective	1028:1037	arg1	results					1039:1045	the collective results	1024:1045	the collective results	1024:1045	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	0	13	theme	composition	89:99	arg1	Effect					79:84	Effect	79:84	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.	0:118	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	6	14	theme	ideal	1120:1124	arg1	characteristics					1126:1140	ideal characteristics	1120:1140	ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells	1120:1220	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	2	15	theme	different	313:321	arg1	ratios					323:328	different ratios	313:328	different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car)	313:408	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	5	16	theme	osteosarcoma	795:806	arg1	cells					817:821	normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells	763:821	cells	817:821	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	5	16	theme	osteosarcoma	795:806	arg1	Saos-2					809:814	Saos-2	809:814	Saos-2	809:814	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	1	17	theme	freeze-gelation	258:272	arg1	technique					274:282	freeze-gelation technique	258:282	freeze-gelation technique	258:282	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	2	18	dep	ratios	323:328	arg1	9:1					354:356	9:1	354:356	9:1	354:356	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	2	18	dep	ratios	323:328	arg1	5:5					331:333	5:5	331:333	5:5	331:333	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	2	18	dep	ratios	323:328	arg1	8:2					346:348	8:2	346:348	8:2	346:348	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	2	18	dep	ratios	323:328	arg1	7:3					341:343	7:3	341:343	7:3	341:343	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	2	18	dep	ratios	323:328	arg1	6:4					336:338	6:4	336:338	6:4	336:338	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	1	19	theme	dimensional	179:189	arg1	scaffolds					242:250	three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds	173:250	three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique	173:282	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	6	20	dep	term	1191:1194	arg1	long					1186:1189	long	1186:1189	long	1186:1189	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	6	21	theme	7:3	1085:1087	arg1	ratios					1105:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	3	22	theme	electron	525:532	arg1	SEM					546:548	SEM	546:548	SEM	546:548	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	3	22	theme	electron	525:532	arg1	microscopy					534:543	scanning electron microscopy	516:543	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	516:549	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	2	23	theme	vinyl	367:371	arg1	poly					362:365	poly	362:365	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)	362:386	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	2	23	theme	vinyl	367:371	arg1	alcohol					373:379	vinyl alcohol	367:379	vinyl alcohol	367:379	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	0	24	theme	cell	104:107	arg1	viability					109:117	cell viability	104:117	cell viability	104:117	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	5	25	theme	keratinocyte	770:781	arg1	HaCaT					784:788	normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells	763:821	HaCaT	784:788	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	3	26	dep	spectroscopy	636:647	arg1	ATR-FTIR					650:657	ATR-FTIR	650:657	ATR-FTIR	650:657	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	3	26	dep	spectroscopy	636:647	arg1	transform					617:625	transform	617:625	transform	617:625	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	0	27	dep	-Carrageenan	34:45	arg1	alcohol					26:32	vinyl alcohol	20:32	vinyl alcohol	20:32	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	2	28	theme	poly	362:365	arg1	ratios					323:328	different ratios	313:328	different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car)	313:408	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	0	29	theme	vinyl	20:24	arg1	alcohol					26:32	vinyl alcohol	20:32	vinyl alcohol	20:32	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	2	30	theme	Carrageenan	392:402	arg1	ratios					323:328	different ratios	313:328	different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car)	313:408	The hydrogels prepared with different ratios (5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2 and 9:1) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Carrageenan (Car) was lyophilized to obtain their respective scaffolds.
27178958	3	31	theme	X-ray	552:556	arg1	XRD					571:573	XRD	571:573	XRD	571:573	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	3	31	theme	X-ray	552:556	arg1	diffraction					558:568	X-ray diffraction	552:568	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	552:574	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	1	32	dep	dimensional	179:189	arg1	biodegradable					228:240	biodegradable	228:240	biodegradable	228:240	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	1	32	dep	dimensional	179:189	arg1	interconnected					197:210	interconnected	197:210	interconnected	197:210	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	1	32	dep	dimensional	179:189	arg1	porous					220:225	porous	220:225	porous	220:225	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	1	32	dep	dimensional	179:189	arg1	3D					192:193	3D	192:193	3D	192:193	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	0	33	theme	-Carrageenan	34:45	arg1	scaffolds					47:55	poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds	15:55	poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds	15:55	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	6	34	theme	term	1191:1194	arg1	cryopreservation					1196:1211	long term cryopreservation	1186:1211	long term cryopreservation of cells	1186:1220	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	5	35	theme	MTT	976:978	arg1	assay					980:984	MTT assay	976:984	MTT assay	976:984	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	3	36	theme	attenuated	580:589	arg1	spectroscopy					636:647	infrared spectroscopy	627:647	attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	580:658	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	3	37	theme	scanning	516:523	arg1	SEM					546:548	SEM	546:548	SEM	546:548	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	3	37	theme	scanning	516:523	arg1	microscopy					534:543	scanning electron microscopy	516:543	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	516:549	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	5	38	theme	PVA-Car	833:839	arg1	scaffolds					841:849	PVA-Car scaffolds	833:849	PVA-Car scaffolds	833:849	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	3	39	theme	total	591:595	arg1	spectroscopy					636:647	infrared spectroscopy	627:647	attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	580:658	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	6	40	theme	8:2	1093:1095	arg1	ratios					1105:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1085:1110	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	5	41	theme	regular	916:922	arg1	interval					924:931	regular interval	916:931	regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days)	916:966	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	6	42	contain	possess	1112:1118	arg1	constructs					1069:1078	the scaffold constructs	1056:1078	the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1056:1110	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	6	42	contain	possess	1112:1118	arg2	characteristics					1126:1140	ideal characteristics	1120:1140	ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells	1120:1220	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	0	43	from	Effect	79:84	arg1	viability					109:117	cell viability	104:117	cell viability	104:117	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	6	44	theme	scaffold	1060:1067	arg1	constructs					1069:1078	the scaffold constructs	1056:1078	the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios	1056:1110	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
27178958	5	45	theme	normal	763:768	arg1	HaCaT					784:788	normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells	763:821	HaCaT	784:788	Further, normal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells seeded on PVA-Car scaffolds were cryopreserved for 15days and their viability was checked at regular interval of 3days (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 days) through MTT assay and fluorescence microscopy.
27178958	1	46	theme	present	124:130	arg1	investigation					132:144	The present investigation	120:144	The present investigation	120:144	The present investigation reports the fabrication of three dimensional (3D), interconnected, highly porous, biodegradable scaffolds using freeze-gelation technique.
27178958	0	47	theme	scaffolds	47:55	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.	0:118	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	3	48	theme	infrared	627:634	arg1	spectroscopy					636:647	infrared spectroscopy	627:647	attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	580:658	The PVA-Car scaffolds were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
27178958	0	49	dep	Fabrication	0:10	arg1	Effect					79:84	Effect	79:84	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.	0:118	Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Carrageenan scaffolds for cryopreservation: Effect of composition on cell viability.
27178958	6	50	theme	tissue	1146:1151	arg1	applications					1165:1176	tissue engineering applications	1146:1176	tissue engineering applications	1146:1176	Overall, the collective results indicate the scaffold constructs with 7:3 and 8:2 PVA-Car ratios possess ideal characteristics for tissue engineering applications and for long term cryopreservation of cells.
25586554	2	0	theme	gelling	524:530	arg1	agent					532:536	a gelling agent	522:536	(Capsule 3) a gelling agent	510:536	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	7	1	theme	independent	1307:1317	arg1	dissolution					1238:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution	1225:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1	1225:1263	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	7	1	theme	independent	1307:1317	arg1	pH					1332:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	8	2	theme	capsules	1463:1470	arg1	shells					1472:1477	hypromellose capsules shells	1450:1477	hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products	1450:1548	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	0	3	theme	hypromellose	72:83	arg1	indicators					58:67	the performance indicators	42:67	the performance indicators of hypromellose	42:83	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	3	4	theme	Shell	591:595	arg1	variability					604:614	Shell weight variability	591:614	Shell weight variability	591:614	Shell weight variability was relatively low for all tested capsules shells.
25586554	1	5	theme	powder	390:395	arg1	conditions					329:338	different humidity conditions	310:338	different humidity conditions	310:338	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	5	theme	powder	390:395	arg1	leakage					397:403	powder leakage	390:403	powder leakage	390:403	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	6	theme	study	153:157	arg1	purpose					137:143	The purpose	133:143	The purpose of this study	133:157	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	6	7	theme	temperature	1160:1170	arg1	significant					1180:1190	significant	1180:1190	significant	1180:1190	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	6	7	theme	temperature	1160:1170	arg1	effect					1150:1155	the effect	1146:1155	the effect of temperature	1146:1170	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	4	8	theme	surrounding	865:875	arg1	humidity					877:884	surrounding humidity	865:884	surrounding humidity	865:884	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	1	9	theme	different	310:318	arg1	resistance					341:350	resistance	341:350	resistance to stress in the absence of moisture	341:387	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	9	theme	different	310:318	arg1	conditions					329:338	different humidity conditions	310:338	different humidity conditions	310:338	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	9	theme	different	310:318	arg1	disintegration					406:419	disintegration	406:419	disintegration	406:419	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	9	theme	different	310:318	arg1	leakage					397:403	powder leakage	390:403	powder leakage	390:403	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	9	theme	different	310:318	arg1	dissolution					425:435	dissolution	425:435	dissolution	425:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	8	10	theme	capsule	1713:1719	arg1	shells					1721:1726	the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1688:1726	the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1688:1726	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	1	11	theme	humidity	320:327	arg1	resistance					341:350	resistance	341:350	resistance to stress in the absence of moisture	341:387	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	11	theme	humidity	320:327	arg1	conditions					329:338	different humidity conditions	310:338	different humidity conditions	310:338	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	11	theme	humidity	320:327	arg1	disintegration					406:419	disintegration	406:419	disintegration	406:419	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	11	theme	humidity	320:327	arg1	leakage					397:403	powder leakage	390:403	powder leakage	390:403	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	11	theme	humidity	320:327	arg1	dissolution					425:435	dissolution	425:435	dissolution	425:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	8	12	theme	gelatin	1705:1711	arg1	shells					1721:1726	the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1688:1726	the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1688:1726	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	5	13	theme	initial	891:897	arg1	disintegration					899:912	The initial disintegration	887:912	The initial disintegration for all Capsule 1	887:930	The initial disintegration for all Capsule 1 occurred within 3 min, but for other types of capsules within 6 min (n = 18).
25586554	8	14	theme	products	1541:1548	arg1	lines					1517:1521	new lines	1513:1521	new lines of pharmaceutical products	1513:1548	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	1	15	theme	hard	240:243	arg1	capsules					253:260	hard gelatin capsules	240:260	hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution	240:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	2	16	theme	gelatin	547:553	arg1	Capsule					565:571	Capsule 1	565:573	Capsule 1	565:573	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	2	16	theme	gelatin	547:553	arg1	capsules					555:562	hard gelatin capsules	542:562	hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1)	542:574	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	7	17	from	%	1290:1290	arg1	10 min					1295:1300	10 min	1295:1300	10 min	1295:1300	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	8	18	theme	manufacturing	1597:1609	arg1	companies					1611:1619	manufacturing companies	1597:1619	manufacturing companies	1597:1619	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	6	19	theme	capsules	1215:1222	arg1	types					1206:1210	the other types	1196:1210	the other types of capsules	1196:1222	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	2	20	theme	hard	542:545	arg1	Capsule					565:571	Capsule 1	565:573	Capsule 1	565:573	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	2	20	theme	hard	542:545	arg1	capsules					555:562	hard gelatin capsules	542:562	hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1)	542:574	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	8	21	theme	capsules	1670:1677	arg1	dissolution					1636:1646	the dissolution	1632:1646	the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1632:1726	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	2	22	dep	agent	532:536	arg1	3					519:519	3	519:519	3	519:519	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	8	23	theme	hypromellose	1450:1461	arg1	shells					1472:1477	hypromellose capsules shells	1450:1477	hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products	1450:1548	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	8	24	theme	hypromellose	1657:1668	arg1	capsules					1670:1677	their hypromellose capsules	1651:1677	their hypromellose capsules	1651:1677	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	6	25	theme	water	1069:1073	arg1	temperature					1081:1091	the deionized water (DIW) temperature	1055:1091	the deionized water (DIW) temperature	1055:1091	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	3	26	theme	weight	597:602	arg1	variability					604:614	Shell weight variability	591:614	Shell weight variability	591:614	Shell weight variability was relatively low for all tested capsules shells.
25586554	1	27	from	resistance	341:350	arg1	absence					369:375	the absence	365:375	the absence of moisture	365:387	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	28	theme	gelatin	245:251	arg1	capsules					253:260	hard gelatin capsules	240:260	hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution	240:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	29	from	capsules	253:260	arg1	terms					265:269	terms	265:269	terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution	265:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	6	30	theme	deionized	1059:1067	arg1	temperature					1081:1091	the deionized water (DIW) temperature	1055:1091	the deionized water (DIW) temperature	1055:1091	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	0	31	theme	shell	21:25	arg1	composition					27:37	capsule shell composition	13:37	capsule shell composition	13:37	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	7	32	from	Capsule	1255:1261	arg1	dissolution					1238:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution	1225:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1	1225:1263	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	7	32	from	Capsule	1255:1261	arg1	pH					1332:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	1	33	theme	in	177:178	arg1	performances					186:197	the in vitro performances	173:197	the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules	173:221	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	0	34	theme	capsule	13:19	arg1	composition					27:37	capsule shell composition	13:37	capsule shell composition	13:37	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	3	35	theme	tested	643:648	arg1	shells					659:664	all tested capsules shells	639:664	all tested capsules shells	639:664	Shell weight variability was relatively low for all tested capsules shells.
25586554	0	36	theme	gelatin	115:121	arg1	capsules					123:130	gelatin capsules	115:130	gelatin capsules	115:130	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	5	37	theme	capsules	978:985	arg1	types					969:973	other types	963:973	other types of capsules within 6 min (n = 18)	963:1007	The initial disintegration for all Capsule 1 occurred within 3 min, but for other types of capsules within 6 min (n = 18).
25586554	7	38	theme	fastest	1273:1279	arg1	dissolution					1238:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution	1225:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1	1225:1263	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	7	38	theme	fastest	1273:1279	arg1	pH					1332:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	3	39	theme	capsules	650:657	arg1	shells					659:664	all tested capsules shells	639:664	all tested capsules shells	639:664	Shell weight variability was relatively low for all tested capsules shells.
25586554	6	40	theme	other	1200:1204	arg1	types					1206:1210	the other types	1196:1210	the other types of capsules	1196:1222	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	4	41	theme	different	725:733	arg1	conditions					744:753	different humidity conditions	725:753	different humidity conditions	725:753	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	0	42	theme	composition	27:37	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose	0:83	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	2	43	dep	3	519:519	arg1	Capsule					511:517	Capsule	511:517	Capsule	511:517	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	7	44	theme	medium	1411:1416	arg1	contents					1418:1425	medium contents	1411:1425	medium contents	1411:1425	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	0	45	theme	performance	46:56	arg1	indicators					58:67	the performance indicators	42:67	the performance indicators of hypromellose	42:83	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	1	46	theme	shell	274:278	arg1	reaction					298:305	reaction	298:305	reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution	298:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	46	theme	shell	274:278	arg1	variation					287:295	shell weight variation	274:295	shell weight variation	274:295	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	4	47	theme	encapsulated	801:812	arg1	powder					853:858	the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder	797:858	the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder	797:858	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	5	48	theme	other	963:967	arg1	types					969:973	other types	963:973	other types of capsules within 6 min (n = 18)	963:1007	The initial disintegration for all Capsule 1 occurred within 3 min, but for other types of capsules within 6 min (n = 18).
25586554	4	49	theme	capsule	760:766	arg1	types					768:772	all capsule types	756:772	all capsule types	756:772	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	0	50	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	indicators					58:67	the performance indicators	42:67	the performance indicators of hypromellose	42:83	Influence of capsule shell composition on the performance indicators of hypromellose capsule in comparison to hard gelatin capsules.
25586554	1	51	theme	weight	280:285	arg1	reaction					298:305	reaction	298:305	reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution	298:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	51	theme	weight	280:285	arg1	variation					287:295	shell weight variation	274:295	shell weight variation	274:295	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	4	52	theme	humidity	735:742	arg1	conditions					744:753	different humidity conditions	725:753	different humidity conditions	725:753	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	7	53	dep	%	1290:1290	arg1	i.e.					1282:1285	i.e.	1282:1285	i.e.	1282:1285	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	7	54	theme	media	1326:1330	arg1	independent					1307:1317	independent	1307:1317	independent	1307:1317	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	1	55	theme	variation	287:295	arg1	terms					265:269	terms	265:269	terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution	265:435	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	4	56	theme	polyvinylpyrrolidone	826:845	arg1	powder					853:858	the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder	797:858	the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder	797:858	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	4	57	theme	highest	694:700	arg1	content					711:717	the highest moisture content	690:717	the highest moisture content	690:717	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	4	58	contain	had	686:688	arg1	Capsule					676:682	Capsule 1	676:684	Capsule 1	676:684	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	4	58	contain	had	686:688	arg2	content					711:717	the highest moisture content	690:717	the highest moisture content	690:717	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	8	59	theme	capsule	1582:1588	arg1	shells					1590:1595	capsule shells	1582:1595	capsule shells	1582:1595	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	6	60	theme	acetaminophen	1025:1037	arg1	Dissolution					1010:1020	Dissolution	1010:1020	Dissolution of acetaminophen	1010:1037	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	4	61	theme	hygroscopic	814:824	arg1	PVP					848:850	PVP	848:850	PVP	848:850	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	4	61	theme	hygroscopic	814:824	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					826:845	hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone	814:845	the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder	797:858	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	1	62	theme	moisture	380:387	arg1	absence					369:375	the absence	365:375	the absence of moisture	365:387	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	7	63	theme	Acetaminphen	1225:1236	arg1	dissolution					1238:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution	1225:1248	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1	1225:1263	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	7	63	theme	Acetaminphen	1225:1236	arg1	pH					1332:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH	1269:1333	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	7	64	dep	fastest	1273:1279	arg1	%					1290:1290	>90%	1287:1290	>90%	1287:1290	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	8	65	theme	pharmaceutical	1526:1539	arg1	products					1541:1548	pharmaceutical products	1526:1548	pharmaceutical products	1526:1548	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	1	66	theme	vegetable	203:211	arg1	capsules					214:221	"vegetable" capsules	202:221	"vegetable" capsules	202:221	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	1	67	dep	in	177:178	arg1	vitro					180:184	vitro	180:184	vitro	180:184	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	7	68	dep	pH	1392:1393	arg1	contents					1418:1425	medium contents	1411:1425	medium contents	1411:1425	Acetaminphen dissolution from Capsule 1 was the fastest (i.e. >90% in 10 min) and independent of the media pH or contents unlike Capsule 2 which was influenced by the pH and dissolution medium contents.
25586554	8	69	theme	gelling	1495:1501	arg1	agent					1503:1507	gelling agent	1495:1507	gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products	1495:1548	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	1	70	theme	"	212:212	arg1	capsules					214:221	"vegetable" capsules	202:221	"vegetable" capsules	202:221	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
25586554	2	71	theme	capsules	451:458	arg1	types					442:446	Two types	438:446	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1)	438:574	Two types of capsules made of HPMC produced with (Capsule 2) or without (Capsule 3) a gelling agent and hard gelatin capsules (Capsule 1) were assessed.
25586554	8	72	theme	conventional	1692:1703	arg1	shells					1721:1726	the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1688:1726	the conventional gelatin capsule shells	1688:1726	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	4	73	theme	moisture	702:709	arg1	content					711:717	the highest moisture content	690:717	the highest moisture content	690:717	Although Capsule 1 had the highest moisture content under different humidity conditions, all capsule types were unable to protect the encapsulated hygroscopic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) powder from surrounding humidity.
25586554	6	74	dep	42 °C	1114:1118	arg1	to					1111:1112	to	1111:1112	to	1111:1112	Dissolution of acetaminophen was better when the deionized water (DIW) temperature increased from 32 to 42 °C in case of Capsule 1, but the effect of temperature was not significant for the other types of capsules.
25586554	8	75	theme	new	1513:1515	arg1	lines					1517:1521	new lines	1513:1521	new lines of pharmaceutical products	1513:1548	It is feasible to use hypromellose capsules shells with or without gelling agent for new lines of pharmaceutical products, however, there is a window for capsule shells manufacturing companies to improve the dissolution of their hypromellose capsules to match the conventional gelatin capsule shells and eventually replace them.
25586554	1	76	theme	capsules	214:221	arg1	performances					186:197	the in vitro performances	173:197	the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules	173:221	The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro performances of "vegetable" capsules in comparison to hard gelatin capsules in terms of shell weight variation, reaction to different humidity conditions, resistance to stress in the absence of moisture, powder leakage, disintegration and dissolution.
28889291	4	0	theme	macrocolonies	1012:1024	arg1	sectioning					998:1007	thin sectioning	993:1007	thin sectioning	993:1007	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	3	1	theme	curli	725:729	arg1	ability					714:720	the ability	710:720	the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	710:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	2	2	dep	production	529:538	arg1	the					525:527	the	525:527	the	525:527	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	1	3	theme	extracellular	176:188	arg1	composition					197:207	their extracellular matrix composition	170:207	their extracellular matrix composition	170:207	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	4	4	theme	amyloid	1064:1070	arg1	curli					1072:1076	amyloid curli	1064:1076	amyloid curli	1064:1076	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	5	5	theme	current	1230:1236	arg1	use					1238:1240	their current use	1224:1240	their current use with E. coli and related curli	1224:1271	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	0	6	from	Detection	13:21	arg1	Biofilms					84:91	Macrocolony Biofilms	72:91	Macrocolony Biofilms	72:91	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	2	7	theme	biofilms	636:643	arg1	elements					613:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements	574:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms	574:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	2	7	theme	biofilms	636:643	arg1	curli					564:568	amyloid curli	556:568	amyloid curli	556:568	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	1	8	theme	matrix	190:195	arg1	composition					197:207	their extracellular matrix composition	170:207	their extracellular matrix composition	170:207	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	4	9	theme	cellulose	1082:1090	arg1	imaging					1108:1114	microscopic imaging	1096:1114	microscopic imaging	1096:1114	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	4	9	theme	cellulose	1082:1090	arg1	staining					1052:1059	in situ staining	1044:1059	in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose	1044:1090	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	2	10	theme	curli	564:568	arg1	production					529:538	production	529:538	production	529:538	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	2	10	theme	curli	564:568	arg1	assembly					544:551	assembly	544:551	assembly	544:551	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	2	11	theme	coli-in	628:634	arg1	biofilms					636:643	E. coli-in biofilms	625:643	E. coli-in biofilms	625:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	3	12	theme	direct	897:902	arg1	macrocolonies					854:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	12	theme	direct	897:902	arg1	readout					911:917	a direct visual readout	895:917	a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	895:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	1	13	theme	specific	292:299	arg1	components					308:317	specific matrix components	292:317	specific matrix components	292:317	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	2	14	theme	amyloid	556:562	arg1	curli					564:568	amyloid curli	556:568	amyloid curli	556:568	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	2	15	theme	E.	625:626	arg1	biofilms					636:643	E. coli-in biofilms	625:643	E. coli-in biofilms	625:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	4	16	theme	spatial	1151:1157	arg1	arrangement					1159:1169	the spatial arrangement	1147:1169	the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies	1147:1214	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	1	17	theme	matrix	301:306	arg1	components					308:317	specific matrix components	292:317	specific matrix components	292:317	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	5	18	theme	cellulose-producing	1277:1295	arg1	Enterobacteriaceae					1297:1314	cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae	1277:1314	cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae	1277:1314	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	2	19	theme	macrocolonies	490:502	arg1	organization					474:485	structural organization	463:485	structural organization of macrocolonies	463:502	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	0	20	theme	Experimental	0:11	arg1	Detection					13:21	Detection	13:21	Detection	13:21	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	5	21	theme	other	1371:1375	arg1	species					1387:1393	other bacterial species	1371:1393	other bacterial species	1371:1393	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	5	22	with	Enterobacteriaceae	1297:1314	arg1	coli					1250:1253	E. coli	1247:1253	E. coli	1247:1253	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	5	22	with	Enterobacteriaceae	1297:1314	arg1	curli					1267:1271	related curli	1259:1271	related curli	1259:1271	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	3	23	theme	cellulose-either	735:750	arg1	ability					714:720	the ability	710:720	the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	710:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	5	24	theme	bacterial	1377:1385	arg1	species					1387:1393	other bacterial species	1371:1393	other bacterial species	1371:1393	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	4	25	theme	second	970:975	arg1	method					977:982	The second method	966:982	The second method	966:982	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	4	26	theme	arrangement	1159:1169	arg1	details					1136:1142	fine details	1131:1142	fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies	1131:1214	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	1	27	theme	macrocolony	210:220	arg1	biofilms					222:229	macrocolony biofilms	210:229	macrocolony biofilms	210:229	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	2	28	theme	organization	474:485	arg1	morphology					430:439	morphology	430:439	morphology	430:439	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	2	28	theme	organization	474:485	arg1	level					454:458	the high level	445:458	the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies	445:502	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	1	29	theme	components	308:317	arg1	roles					283:287	the roles	279:287	the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture	279:349	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	4	30	dep	in	1044:1045	arg1	situ					1047:1050	situ	1047:1050	situ	1047:1050	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	4	31	theme	in	1044:1045	arg1	staining					1052:1059	in situ staining	1044:1059	in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose	1044:1090	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	3	32	theme	components	954:963	arg1	production					927:936	the production	923:936	the production of these matrix components	923:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	2	33	theme	cellulose-the	574:586	arg1	elements					613:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements	574:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms	574:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	3	34	theme	specific	788:795	arg1	patterns					834:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	2	35	theme	major	592:596	arg1	elements					613:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements	574:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms	574:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	1	36	theme	shaping	322:328	arg1	architecture					338:349	shaping biofilm architecture	322:349	shaping biofilm architecture	322:349	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	3	37	theme	morphology	680:689	arg1	assay					691:695	the macrocolony morphology assay	664:695	the macrocolony morphology assay	664:695	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	37	theme	morphology	680:689	arg1	method					656:661	The first method	646:661	The first method	646:661	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	1	38	theme	three-dimensional	116:132	arg1	morphologies					134:145	three-dimensional morphologies	116:145	three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition	116:207	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	4	39	theme	elements	1186:1193	arg1	arrangement					1159:1169	the spatial arrangement	1147:1169	the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies	1147:1214	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	2	40	theme	high	449:452	arg1	level					454:458	the high level	445:458	the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies	445:502	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	1	41	theme	biofilm	330:336	arg1	architecture					338:349	shaping biofilm architecture	322:349	shaping biofilm architecture	322:349	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	1	42	from	roles	283:287	arg1	architecture					338:349	shaping biofilm architecture	322:349	shaping biofilm architecture	322:349	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	3	43	theme	matrix	947:952	arg1	components					954:963	these matrix components	941:963	these matrix components	941:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	1	44	theme	unique	239:244	arg1	opportunity					246:256	a unique opportunity	237:256	a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture	237:349	By adopting elaborate three-dimensional morphologies that vary according to their extracellular matrix composition, macrocolony biofilms offer a unique opportunity to interrogate about the roles of specific matrix components in shaping biofilm architecture.
28889291	3	45	theme	Congo	815:819	arg1	patterns					834:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	2	46	theme	structural	463:472	arg1	organization					474:485	structural organization	463:485	structural organization of macrocolonies	463:502	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	0	47	theme	Matrix	62:67	arg1	Visualization					27:39	Visualization	27:39	Visualization	27:39	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	0	47	theme	Matrix	62:67	arg1	Detection					13:21	Detection	13:21	Detection	13:21	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	3	48	theme	Red-staining	821:832	arg1	patterns					834:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	49	theme	macrocolony	668:678	arg1	assay					691:695	the macrocolony morphology assay	664:695	the macrocolony morphology assay	664:695	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	49	theme	macrocolony	668:678	arg1	method					656:661	The first method	646:661	The first method	646:661	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	0	50	theme	Extracellular	48:60	arg1	Matrix					62:67	the Extracellular Matrix	44:67	the Extracellular Matrix	44:67	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	3	51	theme	morphological	797:809	arg1	patterns					834:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns	788:841	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	2	52	theme	elements	613:620	arg1	production					529:538	production	529:538	production	529:538	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	2	52	theme	elements	613:620	arg1	assembly					544:551	assembly	544:551	assembly	544:551	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	5	53	with	use	1238:1240	arg1	coli					1250:1253	E. coli	1247:1253	E. coli	1247:1253	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	5	53	with	use	1238:1240	arg1	curli					1267:1271	related curli	1259:1271	related curli	1259:1271	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	4	54	theme	fine	1131:1134	arg1	details					1136:1142	fine details	1131:1142	fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies	1131:1214	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	4	55	theme	microscopic	1096:1106	arg1	imaging					1108:1114	microscopic imaging	1096:1114	microscopic imaging	1096:1114	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	2	56	theme	matrix	606:611	arg1	elements					613:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements	574:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms	574:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	3	57	used	used	887:890	arg2	readout					911:917	a direct visual readout	895:917	a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	895:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	57	used	used	887:890	arg2	macrocolonies					854:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	58	theme	E.	846:847	arg1	macrocolonies					854:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	58	theme	E.	846:847	arg1	readout					911:917	a direct visual readout	895:917	a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	895:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	2	59	theme	biofilm	598:604	arg1	elements					613:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements	574:620	cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms	574:643	Here, we describe two methods optimized for Escherichia coli that profit from morphology and the high level of structural organization of macrocolonies to gain insight into the production and assembly of amyloid curli and cellulose-the two major biofilm matrix elements of E. coli-in biofilms.
28889291	3	60	dep	ability	714:720	arg1	generate					779:786	generate	779:786	generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	779:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	4	61	theme	matrix	1179:1184	arg1	elements					1186:1193	both matrix elements	1174:1193	both matrix elements	1174:1193	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	3	62	theme	coli	849:852	arg1	macrocolonies					854:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	62	theme	coli	849:852	arg1	readout					911:917	a direct visual readout	895:917	a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	895:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	0	63	theme	Macrocolony	72:82	arg1	Biofilms					84:91	Macrocolony Biofilms	72:91	Macrocolony Biofilms	72:91	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	4	64	theme	curli	1072:1076	arg1	imaging					1108:1114	microscopic imaging	1096:1114	microscopic imaging	1096:1114	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	4	64	theme	curli	1072:1076	arg1	staining					1052:1059	in situ staining	1044:1059	in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose	1044:1090	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	5	65	theme	related	1259:1265	arg1	curli					1267:1271	related curli	1259:1271	related curli	1259:1271	Beyond their current use with E. coli and related curli and cellulose-producing Enterobacteriaceae, both the methods offer the potential to be adapted to other bacterial species.
28889291	4	66	theme	thin	993:996	arg1	sectioning					998:1007	thin sectioning	993:1007	thin sectioning	993:1007	The second method involves thin sectioning of macrocolonies, which along with in situ staining of amyloid curli and cellulose and microscopic imaging allows gaining fine details of the spatial arrangement of both matrix elements inside macrocolonies.
28889291	0	67	from	Visualization	27:39	arg1	Biofilms					84:91	Macrocolony Biofilms	72:91	Macrocolony Biofilms	72:91	Experimental Detection and Visualization of the Extracellular Matrix in Macrocolony Biofilms.
28889291	3	68	theme	first	650:654	arg1	assay					691:695	the macrocolony morphology assay	664:695	the macrocolony morphology assay	664:695	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	68	theme	first	650:654	arg1	method					656:661	The first method	646:661	The first method	646:661	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	69	theme	visual	904:909	arg1	macrocolonies					854:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	E. coli macrocolonies	846:866	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
28889291	3	69	theme	visual	904:909	arg1	readout					911:917	a direct visual readout	895:917	a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components	895:963	The first method, the macrocolony morphology assay, is based on the ability of curli and cellulose-either alone or in combination-to generate specific morphological and Congo Red-staining patterns in E. coli macrocolonies, which can then be used as a direct visual readout for the production of these matrix components.
26079194	8	0	with	contact	962:968	arg1	fractones					975:983	fractones	975:983	fractones	975:983	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	4	1	theme	binding	561:567	arg1	mechanism					569:577	a heparin binding mechanism	551:577	a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis	551:611	We have previously shown that fractones can capture growth factors and promote growth factor activity through a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis.
26079194	11	2	dep	fractones	1221:1229	arg1	structure					1231:1239	structure	1231:1239	structure	1231:1239	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	2	dep	fractones	1221:1229	arg1	fractones					1221:1229	fractones structure and composition	1221:1255	fractones structure and composition	1221:1255	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	2	dep	fractones	1221:1229	arg1	composition					1245:1255	composition	1245:1255	composition	1245:1255	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	4	3	theme	growth	493:498	arg1	factors					500:506	growth factors	493:506	growth factors	493:506	We have previously shown that fractones can capture growth factors and promote growth factor activity through a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis.
26079194	8	4	theme	direct	955:960	arg1	contact					962:968	direct contact	955:968	direct contact with fractones	955:983	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	2	5	theme	contact	266:272	arg1	cells					286:290	contact neural stem cells	266:290	contact neural stem cells	266:290	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	6	6	from	effect	674:679	arg1	fractones					693:701	fractones structure and composition	693:727	fractones structure and composition	693:727	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	6	6	from	effect	674:679	arg1	composition					717:727	composition	717:727	composition	717:727	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	6	6	from	effect	674:679	arg1	structure					703:711	structure	703:711	structure	703:711	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	11	7	located	observed	1209:1216	arg1	structure					1231:1239	structure	1231:1239	structure	1231:1239	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	7	located	observed	1209:1216	arg2	related					1272:1278	related	1272:1278	related	1272:1278	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	7	located	observed	1209:1216	arg2	changes					1201:1207	the changes	1197:1207	the changes observed in fractones structure and composition	1197:1255	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	7	located	observed	1209:1216	arg1	fractones					1221:1229	fractones structure and composition	1221:1255	fractones structure and composition	1221:1255	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	7	located	observed	1209:1216	arg1	composition					1245:1255	composition	1245:1255	composition	1245:1255	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	1	8	from	one	115:117	arg1	adulthood					71:79	adulthood	71:79	adulthood	71:79	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	6	9	theme	aging	684:688	arg1	effect					674:679	the effect	670:679	the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition	670:727	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	1	10	theme	restricted	126:135	arg1	places					137:142	the restricted places	122:142	the restricted places where neurogenesis persists	122:170	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	11	11	theme	SVZ	1296:1298	arg1	niche					1311:1315	the SVZ neurogenic niche	1292:1315	the SVZ neurogenic niche	1292:1315	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	1	12	theme	places	137:142	arg1	one					115:117	one	115:117	one	115:117	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	1	12	theme	places	137:142	arg1	zone					101:104	the subventricular zone	82:104	the subventricular zone (SVZ)	82:110	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	1	12	theme	places	137:142	arg1	places					137:142	the restricted places	122:142	the restricted places where neurogenesis persists	122:170	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	3	13	theme	ECM	358:360	arg1	components					362:371	ubiquitous ECM components	347:371	ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin	347:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	3	13	theme	ECM	358:360	arg1	proteoglycans					399:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans	383:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin	383:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	7	14	theme	fractone	774:781	arg1	number					783:788	fractone number	774:788	fractone number	774:788	Here, we report that, while fractone number decreased, fractone size dramatically increased with aging.
26079194	2	15	theme	stem	281:284	arg1	cells					286:290	contact neural stem cells	266:290	contact neural stem cells	266:290	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	7	16	theme	fractone	801:808	arg1	size					810:813	fractone size	801:813	fractone size	801:813	Here, we report that, while fractone number decreased, fractone size dramatically increased with aging.
26079194	11	17	theme	neurogenic	1300:1309	arg1	niche					1311:1315	the SVZ neurogenic niche	1292:1315	the SVZ neurogenic niche	1292:1315	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	11	18	theme	niche	1311:1315	arg1	aging					1283:1287	aging	1283:1287	aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche	1283:1315	Together, our results suggest that the changes observed in fractones structure and composition are critically related to aging of the SVZ neurogenic niche.
26079194	2	19	theme	neural	274:279	arg1	cells					286:290	contact neural stem cells	266:290	contact neural stem cells	266:290	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	8	20	from	changes	862:868	arg1	morphology					883:892	fractones morphology	873:892	fractones morphology	873:892	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	3	21	theme	ubiquitous	347:356	arg1	components					362:371	ubiquitous ECM components	347:371	ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin	347:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	3	21	theme	ubiquitous	347:356	arg1	proteoglycans					399:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans	383:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin	383:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	4	22	theme	heparin	553:559	arg1	mechanism					569:577	a heparin binding mechanism	551:577	a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis	551:611	We have previously shown that fractones can capture growth factors and promote growth factor activity through a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis.
26079194	1	23	theme	subventricular	86:99	arg1	SVZ					107:109	SVZ	107:109	SVZ	107:109	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	1	23	theme	subventricular	86:99	arg1	one					115:117	one	115:117	one	115:117	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	1	23	theme	subventricular	86:99	arg1	zone					101:104	the subventricular zone	82:104	the subventricular zone (SVZ)	82:110	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	1	23	theme	subventricular	86:99	arg1	places					137:142	the restricted places	122:142	the restricted places where neurogenesis persists	122:170	In adulthood, the subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of the restricted places where neurogenesis persists.
26079194	8	24	theme	fractones	873:881	arg1	morphology					883:892	fractones morphology	873:892	fractones morphology	873:892	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	3	25	theme	sulfate	391:397	arg1	perlecan					421:428	perlecan	421:428	perlecan	421:428	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	3	25	theme	sulfate	391:397	arg1	agrin					434:438	agrin	434:438	agrin	434:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	3	25	theme	sulfate	391:397	arg1	proteoglycans					399:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans	383:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin	383:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	2	26	theme	specialized	199:209	arg1	structures					238:247	specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures	199:247	specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed	199:254	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	9	27	theme	heparan	1021:1027	arg1	chains					1037:1042	heparan sulfate chains	1021:1042	heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones	1021:1065	Furthermore, we have observed that heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones were modified with aging.
26079194	0	28	theme	subventricular	22:35	arg1	zone					37:40	the subventricular zone	18:40	the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle	18:65	Fractone aging in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle.
26079194	10	29	theme	heparan	1144:1150	arg1	sulfates					1152:1159	heparan sulfates	1144:1159	heparan sulfates	1144:1159	However, FGF-2 was still captured by fractones via heparan sulfates.
26079194	8	30	theme	niche	895:899	arg1	cells					901:905	niche cells	895:905	niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein	895:948	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	3	31	theme	heparan	383:389	arg1	perlecan					421:428	perlecan	421:428	perlecan	421:428	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	3	31	theme	heparan	383:389	arg1	agrin					434:438	agrin	434:438	agrin	434:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	3	31	theme	heparan	383:389	arg1	proteoglycans					399:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans	383:411	heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin	383:438	Fractones are composed of ubiquitous ECM components including heparan sulfate proteoglycans such as perlecan and agrin.
26079194	4	32	theme	factor	527:532	arg1	activity					534:541	growth factor activity	520:541	growth factor activity	520:541	We have previously shown that fractones can capture growth factors and promote growth factor activity through a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis.
26079194	2	33	theme	neurogenic	181:190	arg1	niche					192:196	this neurogenic niche	176:196	this neurogenic niche	176:196	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	8	34	theme	glial	918:922	arg1	protein					942:948	glial fibrillary acidic protein	918:948	glial fibrillary acidic protein	918:948	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	2	35	theme	immediate	302:310	arg1	progeny					312:318	their immediate progeny	296:318	their immediate progeny	296:318	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	4	36	theme	growth	520:525	arg1	activity					534:541	growth factor activity	520:541	growth factor activity	520:541	We have previously shown that fractones can capture growth factors and promote growth factor activity through a heparin binding mechanism in order to regulate neurogenesis.
26079194	6	37	dep	fractones	693:701	arg1	fractones					693:701	fractones structure and composition	693:727	fractones structure and composition	693:727	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	6	37	dep	fractones	693:701	arg1	composition					717:727	composition	717:727	composition	717:727	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	6	37	dep	fractones	693:701	arg1	structure					703:711	structure	703:711	structure	703:711	However, the effect of aging on fractones structure and composition remains unknown.
26079194	8	38	theme	acidic	935:940	arg1	protein					942:948	glial fibrillary acidic protein	918:948	glial fibrillary acidic protein	918:948	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	0	39	theme	ventricle	57:65	arg1	zone					37:40	the subventricular zone	18:40	the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle	18:65	Fractone aging in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle.
26079194	2	40	theme	matrix	225:230	arg1	structures					238:247	specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures	199:247	specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed	199:254	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	8	41	theme	fibrillary	924:933	arg1	protein					942:948	glial fibrillary acidic protein	918:948	glial fibrillary acidic protein	918:948	Despite the changes in fractones morphology, niche cells expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein kept direct contact with fractones.
26079194	9	42	mod	modified	1072:1079	arg1	chains					1037:1042	heparan sulfate chains	1021:1042	heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones	1021:1065	Furthermore, we have observed that heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones were modified with aging.
26079194	9	42	mod	modified	1072:1079	arg3	aging					1086:1090	aging	1086:1090	aging	1086:1090	Furthermore, we have observed that heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones were modified with aging.
26079194	0	43	theme	lateral	49:55	arg1	ventricle					57:65	the lateral ventricle	45:65	the lateral ventricle	45:65	Fractone aging in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle.
26079194	2	44	theme	extracellular	211:223	arg1	matrix					225:230	extracellular matrix	211:230	specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed	199:254	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	2	44	theme	extracellular	211:223	arg1	ECM					233:235	ECM	233:235	ECM	233:235	In this neurogenic niche, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures termed fractones contact neural stem cells and their immediate progeny.
26079194	9	45	theme	sulfate	1029:1035	arg1	chains					1037:1042	heparan sulfate chains	1021:1042	heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones	1021:1065	Furthermore, we have observed that heparan sulfate chains contained in fractones were modified with aging.
26497505	0	0	theme	Time	60:63	arg1	Marker					30:35	a Marker	28:35	a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.)	28:93	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	1	1	theme	disposal	269:276	arg1	problem					278:284	serious disposal problem	261:284	serious disposal problem	261:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	7	2	theme	successful	1435:1444	arg1	models					1446:1451	successful models	1435:1451	successful models for further prediction	1435:1474	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	0	3	theme	Ripening	51:58	arg1	Time					60:63	Ripening Time	51:63	Ripening Time	51:63	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	1	4	theme	problem	278:284	arg1	waste					230:234	a potential waste	218:234	a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	218:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	4	theme	problem	278:284	arg1	industries					198:207	producing industries	188:207	producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	188:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	5	5	theme	other	1029:1033	arg1	representatives					1035:1049	other representatives	1029:1049	other representatives of the Rosaceae family	1029:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	1	6	theme	producing	188:196	arg1	waste					230:234	a potential waste	218:234	a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	218:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	6	theme	producing	188:196	arg1	industries					198:207	producing industries	188:207	producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	188:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	0	7	theme	Peach	68:72	arg1	Origin					40:45	Origin	40:45	Origin	40:45	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	0	7	theme	Peach	68:72	arg1	Time					60:63	Ripening Time	51:63	Ripening Time	51:63	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	2	8	from	companies	370:378	arg1	seeds					317:321	peach seeds	311:321	peach seeds	311:321	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	2	8	from	companies	370:378	arg1	byproduct					344:352	a byproduct	342:352	a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required	342:506	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	2	9	dep	greater	409:415	arg1	required					499:506	required	499:506	is required	496:506	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	5	10	theme	peach	1004:1008	arg1	kernels					1010:1016	peach kernels	1004:1016	peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family	1004:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	6	11	theme	conventional	1155:1166	arg1	programs					1177:1184	conventional breeding programs	1155:1184	conventional breeding programs	1155:1184	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	6	12	with	kernels	1192:1198	arg1	content					1216:1222	high sugar content	1205:1222	high sugar content	1205:1222	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	3	13	from	germplasm	561:569	arg1	kernels					534:540	kernels	534:540	kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions)	534:653	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	3	13	from	germplasm	561:569	arg1	samples					523:529	25 samples	520:529	25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time	520:691	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	6	14	theme	peach	1186:1190	arg1	kernels					1192:1198	peach kernels	1186:1198	peach kernels with high sugar content	1186:1222	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	7	15	theme	different	1387:1395	arg1	stage					1397:1401	different stage	1387:1401	different stage	1387:1401	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	0	16	theme	Prunus	75:80	arg1	L					91:91	Prunus persicae L	75:91	Prunus persicae L.	75:92	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	4	17	theme	sugar	794:798	arg1	alcohols					800:807	sugar alcohols	794:807	sugar alcohols	794:807	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	0	18	dep	Peach	68:72	arg1	L					91:91	Prunus persicae L	75:91	Prunus persicae L.	75:92	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	8	19	theme	such	1637:1640	arg1	discrimination					1642:1655	such discrimination	1637:1655	such discrimination	1637:1655	Sugars such as ribose, trehalose, arabinose, galactitol, fructose, maltose, sorbitol, sucrose, iso-maltotriose were marked as most important for such discrimination.
26497505	1	20	theme	fruit	113:117	arg1	seeds					119:123	fruit seeds	113:123	fruit seeds	113:123	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	7	21	theme	maturity	1406:1413	arg1	germplasm					1373:1381	diverse germplasm	1365:1381	diverse germplasm	1365:1381	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	7	21	theme	maturity	1406:1413	arg1	stage					1397:1401	different stage	1387:1401	different stage	1387:1401	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	1	22	theme	seeds	119:123	arg1	amounts					102:108	Large amounts	96:108	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach,	96:142	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	22	theme	seeds	119:123	arg1	seeds					119:123	fruit seeds	113:123	fruit seeds	113:123	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	6	23	theme	hybrids	1126:1132	arg1	seeds					1107:1111	seeds	1107:1111	seeds of promising hybrids	1107:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	6	24	theme	sugar	1210:1214	arg1	content					1216:1222	high sugar content	1205:1222	high sugar content	1205:1222	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	4	25	theme	high-performance	846:861	arg1	chromatography					878:891	high-performance anion-exchange chromatography	846:891	high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD)	846:938	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	7	26	theme	pattern	1278:1284	arg1	methods					1298:1304	several pattern recognition methods	1270:1304	several pattern recognition methods	1270:1304	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	0	27	theme	Sugar	0:4	arg1	Profile					6:12	Sugar Profile	0:12	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).	0:94	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	3	28	theme	ripening	679:686	arg1	time					688:691	ripening time	679:691	ripening time	679:691	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	6	29	theme	promising	1116:1124	arg1	hybrids					1126:1132	promising hybrids	1116:1132	promising hybrids	1116:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	7	30	theme	peach	1338:1342	arg1	kernels					1344:1350	peach kernels	1338:1350	peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity	1338:1413	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	2	31	theme	peach	311:315	arg1	seeds					317:321	peach seeds	311:321	peach seeds	311:321	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	2	31	theme	peach	311:315	arg1	byproduct					344:352	a byproduct	342:352	a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required	342:506	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	0	32	theme	Kernels	17:23	arg1	Profile					6:12	Sugar Profile	0:12	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).	0:94	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	4	33	theme	amperometric	905:916	arg1	HPAEC/PAD					929:937	HPAEC/PAD	929:937	HPAEC/PAD	929:937	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	4	33	theme	amperometric	905:916	arg1	detection					918:926	pulsed amperometric detection	898:926	pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD)	898:938	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	7	34	theme	recognition	1286:1296	arg1	methods					1298:1304	several pattern recognition methods	1270:1304	several pattern recognition methods	1270:1304	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	4	35	with	chromatography	878:891	arg1	HPAEC/PAD					929:937	HPAEC/PAD	929:937	HPAEC/PAD	929:937	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	4	35	with	chromatography	878:891	arg1	detection					918:926	pulsed amperometric detection	898:926	pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD)	898:938	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	1	36	theme	peach	137:141	arg1	seeds					119:123	fruit seeds	113:123	fruit seeds	113:123	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	37	theme	potential	220:228	arg1	waste					230:234	a potential waste	218:234	a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	218:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	37	theme	potential	220:228	arg1	industries					198:207	producing industries	188:207	producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	188:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	0	38	theme	persicae	82:89	arg1	L					91:91	Prunus persicae L	75:91	Prunus persicae L.	75:92	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	6	39	theme	breeding	1168:1175	arg1	programs					1177:1184	conventional breeding programs	1155:1184	conventional breeding programs	1155:1184	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	5	40	from	sugars	994:999	arg1	kernels					1010:1016	peach kernels	1004:1016	peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family	1004:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	7	41	theme	several	1270:1276	arg1	methods					1298:1304	several pattern recognition methods	1270:1304	several pattern recognition methods	1270:1304	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	6	42	theme	sugars	1097:1102	arg1	sugars					1097:1102	sugars	1097:1102	sugars in seeds of promising hybrids	1097:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	6	42	theme	sugars	1097:1102	arg1	amounts					1086:1092	high amounts	1081:1092	high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids	1081:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	6	43	theme	high	1205:1208	arg1	content					1216:1222	high sugar content	1205:1222	high sugar content	1205:1222	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	3	44	from	samples	523:529	arg1	germplasm					561:569	various peach germplasm	547:569	various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions)	547:653	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	7	45	theme	methods	1298:1304	arg1	means					1261:1265	the means	1257:1265	the means of several pattern recognition methods	1257:1304	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	7	46	theme	further	1457:1463	arg1	prediction					1465:1474	further prediction	1457:1474	further prediction	1457:1474	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
26497505	3	47	theme	peach	555:559	arg1	germplasm					561:569	various peach germplasm	547:569	various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions)	547:653	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	2	48	theme	processing	359:368	arg1	companies					370:378	processing companies	359:378	processing companies	359:378	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	1	49	theme	valuable	239:246	arg1	resource					248:255	valuable resource	239:255	valuable resource	239:255	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	4	50	theme	anion-exchange	863:876	arg1	chromatography					878:891	high-performance anion-exchange chromatography	846:891	high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD)	846:938	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	5	51	theme	family	1067:1072	arg1	representatives					1035:1049	other representatives	1029:1049	other representatives of the Rosaceae family	1029:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	2	52	dep	byproduct	344:352	arg1	greater					409:415	greater	409:415	greater	409:415	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	6	53	from	amounts	1086:1092	arg1	seeds					1107:1111	seeds	1107:1111	seeds of promising hybrids	1107:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	1	54	theme	resource	248:255	arg1	waste					230:234	a potential waste	218:234	a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	218:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	54	theme	resource	248:255	arg1	industries					198:207	producing industries	188:207	producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem	188:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	3	55	theme	vineyard	628:635	arg1	accessions					643:652	vineyard peach accessions	628:652	vineyard peach accessions	628:652	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	5	56	theme	similar	1018:1024	arg1	kernels					1010:1016	peach kernels	1004:1016	peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family	1004:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	4	57	theme	characteristic	761:774	arg1	carbohydrates					776:788	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates	754:788	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates	754:788	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	5	58	theme	Rosaceae	1058:1065	arg1	family					1067:1072	the Rosaceae family	1054:1072	the Rosaceae family	1054:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	5	59	theme	important	984:992	arg1	glucose					950:956	glucose	950:956	glucose	950:956	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	5	59	theme	important	984:992	arg1	Sucrose					941:947	Sucrose	941:947	Sucrose	941:947	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	5	59	theme	important	984:992	arg1	sugars					994:999	the most important sugars	975:999	the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family	975:1072	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	5	59	theme	important	984:992	arg1	fructose					962:969	fructose	962:969	fructose	962:969	Sucrose, glucose and fructose are the most important sugars in peach kernels similar to other representatives of the Rosaceae family.
26497505	3	60	theme	perspective	604:614	arg1	hybrids					616:622	perspective hybrids	604:622	perspective hybrids	604:622	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	3	61	theme	samples	523:529	arg1	total					511:515	A total	509:515	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time	509:691	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	3	62	theme	sugar	735:739	arg1	composition					741:751	their sugar composition	729:751	their sugar composition	729:751	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	6	63	from	sugars	1097:1102	arg1	seeds					1107:1111	seeds	1107:1111	seeds of promising hybrids	1107:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	3	64	theme	commercial	582:591	arg1	cultivars					593:601	commercial cultivars	582:601	commercial cultivars	582:601	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	3	65	theme	various	547:553	arg1	germplasm					561:569	various peach germplasm	547:569	various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions)	547:653	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	6	66	from	seeds	1107:1111	arg1	sugars					1097:1102	sugars	1097:1102	sugars in seeds of promising hybrids	1097:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	6	66	from	seeds	1107:1111	arg1	amounts					1086:1092	high amounts	1081:1092	high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids	1081:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	4	67	theme	pulsed	898:903	arg1	HPAEC/PAD					929:937	HPAEC/PAD	929:937	HPAEC/PAD	929:937	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	4	67	theme	pulsed	898:903	arg1	detection					918:926	pulsed amperometric detection	898:926	pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD)	898:938	Twenty characteristic carbohydrates and sugar alcohols were determined and quantified using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC/PAD).
26497505	3	68	theme	composition	741:751	arg1	evaluation					715:724	evaluation	715:724	evaluation of their sugar composition	715:751	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	2	69	theme	more	435:438	arg1	information					440:450	consequently more information	422:450	consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition	422:494	Regarding the fact that peach seeds can be obtained as a byproduct from processing companies their exploitation should be greater and, consequently more information of cultivars' kernels and their composition is required.
26497505	6	70	theme	high	1081:1084	arg1	sugars					1097:1102	sugars	1097:1102	sugars in seeds of promising hybrids	1097:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	6	70	theme	high	1081:1084	arg1	amounts					1086:1092	high amounts	1081:1092	high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids	1081:1132	Also, high amounts of sugars in seeds of promising hybrids implies that through conventional breeding programs peach kernels with high sugar content can be obtained.
26497505	0	71	theme	Origin	40:45	arg1	Marker					30:35	a Marker	28:35	a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.)	28:93	Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.).
26497505	1	72	theme	serious	261:267	arg1	problem					278:284	serious disposal problem	261:284	serious disposal problem	261:284	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	3	73	theme	kernels	534:540	arg1	samples					523:529	25 samples	520:529	25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time	520:691	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	3	74	theme	peach	637:641	arg1	accessions					643:652	vineyard peach accessions	628:652	vineyard peach accessions	628:652	A total of 25 samples of kernels from various peach germplasm (including commercial cultivars, perspective hybrids and vineyard peach accessions) differing in origin and ripening time were characterized by evaluation of their sugar composition.
26497505	1	75	theme	Large	96:100	arg1	amounts					102:108	Large amounts	96:108	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach,	96:142	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	1	75	theme	Large	96:100	arg1	seeds					119:123	fruit seeds	113:123	fruit seeds	113:123	Large amounts of fruit seeds, especially peach, are discarded annually in juice or conserve producing industries which is a potential waste of valuable resource and serious disposal problem.
26497505	7	76	theme	diverse	1365:1371	arg1	germplasm					1373:1381	diverse germplasm	1365:1381	diverse germplasm	1365:1381	In addition, by the means of several pattern recognition methods the variables that discriminate peach kernels arising from diverse germplasm and different stage of maturity were identified and successful models for further prediction were developed.
24405047	7	0	theme	optimal	1098:1104	arg1	%					1130:1130	0.98%	1126:1130	0.98% (w/w) carvacrol	1126:1146	To attain the desirable responses, the optimal concentrations were 0.98% (w/w) carvacrol and 1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate.
24405047	7	0	theme	optimal	1098:1104	arg1	concentrations					1106:1119	the optimal concentrations	1094:1119	the optimal concentrations	1094:1119	To attain the desirable responses, the optimal concentrations were 0.98% (w/w) carvacrol and 1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate.
24405047	3	1	dep	properties	574:583	arg1	viscosity					597:605	viscosity	597:605	viscosity	597:605	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	1	dep	properties	574:583	arg1	properties					574:583	several physical properties	557:583	several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index)	557:625	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	1	dep	properties	574:583	arg1	turbidity					586:594	turbidity	586:594	turbidity	586:594	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	1	dep	properties	574:583	arg1	index					620:624	whitish index	612:624	whitish index	612:624	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	7	2	theme	methyl	1164:1169	arg1	cinnamate					1171:1179	methyl cinnamate	1164:1179	1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate	1152:1179	To attain the desirable responses, the optimal concentrations were 0.98% (w/w) carvacrol and 1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate.
24405047	6	3	theme	variance	978:985	arg1	analysis					966:973	analysis	966:973	analysis of variance	966:985	The results from analysis of variance showed the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model.
24405047	5	4	from	effects/interactions	870:889	arg1	characteristics					932:946	the coating characteristics	920:946	the coating characteristics	920:946	A central composite design was then performed to evaluate the effects/interactions of the two antimicrobials on the coating characteristics.
24405047	2	5	theme	effective	302:310	arg1	technique					324:332	an effective postharvest technique	299:332	an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits	299:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	2	5	theme	effective	302:310	arg1	coating					282:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	3	6	theme	physical	565:572	arg1	viscosity					597:605	viscosity	597:605	viscosity	597:605	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	6	theme	physical	565:572	arg1	index					620:624	whitish index	612:624	whitish index	612:624	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	6	theme	physical	565:572	arg1	turbidity					586:594	turbidity	586:594	turbidity	586:594	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	6	theme	physical	565:572	arg1	properties					574:583	several physical properties	557:583	several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index)	557:625	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	0	7	theme	methyl	100:105	arg1	cinnamate					107:115	methyl cinnamate	100:115	methyl cinnamate	100:115	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	5	8	theme	antimicrobials	902:915	arg1	effects/interactions					870:889	the effects/interactions	866:889	the effects/interactions of the two antimicrobials on the coating characteristics	866:946	A central composite design was then performed to evaluate the effects/interactions of the two antimicrobials on the coating characteristics.
24405047	2	9	theme	microbial	344:352	arg1	safety					354:359	microbial safety	344:359	microbial safety	344:359	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	0	10	theme	strawberry	121:130	arg1	application					132:142	strawberry application	121:142	strawberry application	121:142	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	7	11	theme	desirable	1073:1081	arg1	responses					1083:1091	the desirable responses	1069:1091	the desirable responses	1069:1091	To attain the desirable responses, the optimal concentrations were 0.98% (w/w) carvacrol and 1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate.
24405047	3	12	theme	Response	422:429	arg1	methodology					439:449	Response surface methodology	422:449	Response surface methodology	422:449	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	6	13	theme	quadratic	1042:1050	arg1	model					1052:1056	the quadratic model	1038:1056	the quadratic model	1038:1056	The results from analysis of variance showed the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model.
24405047	6	14	from	analysis	966:973	arg1	results					953:959	The results	949:959	The results from analysis of variance	949:985	The results from analysis of variance showed the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model.
24405047	4	15	used	used	679:682	arg2	design					668:673	A full factorial design	651:673	A full factorial design	651:673	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	3	16	theme	Botrytis	536:543	arg1	cinerea					545:551	Botrytis cinerea	536:551	Botrytis cinerea	536:551	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	1	17	theme	growing	192:198	arg1	concern					207:213	a growing safety concern	190:213	a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest	190:255	Increasing strawberry consumption has led to a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest.
24405047	7	18	dep	%	1130:1130	arg1	carvacrol					1138:1146	carvacrol	1138:1146	0.98% (w/w) carvacrol	1126:1146	To attain the desirable responses, the optimal concentrations were 0.98% (w/w) carvacrol and 1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate.
24405047	7	19	dep	%	1156:1156	arg1	cinnamate					1171:1179	methyl cinnamate	1164:1179	1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate	1152:1179	To attain the desirable responses, the optimal concentrations were 0.98% (w/w) carvacrol and 1.45% (w/w) methyl cinnamate.
24405047	1	20	theme	safety	200:205	arg1	concern					207:213	a growing safety concern	190:213	a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest	190:255	Increasing strawberry consumption has led to a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest.
24405047	3	21	used	used	455:458	arg2	methodology					439:449	Response surface methodology	422:449	Response surface methodology	422:449	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	22	theme	surface	431:437	arg1	methodology					439:449	Response surface methodology	422:449	Response surface methodology	422:449	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	4	23	theme	carvacrol	716:724	arg1	concentrations					698:711	the concentrations	694:711	the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate	694:745	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	4	24	theme	B.	796:797	arg1	cinerea					799:805	B. cinerea	796:805	B. cinerea	796:805	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	3	25	theme	several	557:563	arg1	viscosity					597:605	viscosity	597:605	viscosity	597:605	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	25	theme	several	557:563	arg1	index					620:624	whitish index	612:624	whitish index	612:624	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	25	theme	several	557:563	arg1	turbidity					586:594	turbidity	586:594	turbidity	586:594	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	25	theme	several	557:563	arg1	properties					574:583	several physical properties	557:583	several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index)	557:625	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	0	26	theme	antimicrobial	16:28	arg1	properties					43:52	antimicrobial and physical properties	16:52	properties	43:52	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	3	27	theme	alginate	633:640	arg1	coating					642:648	an alginate coating	630:648	an alginate coating	630:648	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	2	28	theme	postharvest	312:322	arg1	technique					324:332	an effective postharvest technique	299:332	an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits	299:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	2	28	theme	postharvest	312:322	arg1	coating					282:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	2	29	theme	fruits	414:419	arg1	quality					399:405	overall quality	391:405	overall quality of the fruits	391:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	0	30	theme	properties	43:52	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings	0:73	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	4	31	theme	factorial	658:666	arg1	design					668:673	A full factorial design	651:673	A full factorial design	651:673	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	3	32	theme	coating	642:648	arg1	activity					490:497	the antimicrobial activity	472:497	the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating	472:648	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	4	33	theme	full	653:656	arg1	design					668:673	A full factorial design	651:673	A full factorial design	651:673	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	5	34	theme	central	810:816	arg1	design					828:833	A central composite design	808:833	A central composite design	808:833	A central composite design was then performed to evaluate the effects/interactions of the two antimicrobials on the coating characteristics.
24405047	0	35	theme	physical	34:41	arg1	properties					43:52	antimicrobial and physical properties	16:52	properties	43:52	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	1	36	dep	concern	207:213	arg1	washed					236:241	washed	236:241	are not washed after harvest	228:255	Increasing strawberry consumption has led to a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest.
24405047	5	37	theme	composite	818:826	arg1	design					828:833	A central composite design	808:833	A central composite design	808:833	A central composite design was then performed to evaluate the effects/interactions of the two antimicrobials on the coating characteristics.
24405047	0	38	theme	alginate	57:64	arg1	coatings					66:73	alginate coatings	57:73	alginate coatings	57:73	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	2	39	dep	technique	324:332	arg1	ensure					337:342	ensure	337:342	to ensure microbial safety	334:359	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	5	40	theme	coating	924:930	arg1	characteristics					932:946	the coating characteristics	920:946	the coating characteristics	920:946	A central composite design was then performed to evaluate the effects/interactions of the two antimicrobials on the coating characteristics.
24405047	3	41	theme	antimicrobial	476:488	arg1	activity					490:497	the antimicrobial activity	472:497	the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating	472:648	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	42	dep	O157	524:527	arg1	cinerea					545:551	Botrytis cinerea	536:551	Botrytis cinerea	536:551	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	42	dep	O157	524:527	arg1	coli					519:522	Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea	507:551	Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea	507:551	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	42	dep	O157	524:527	arg1	H7					529:530	H7	529:530	H7	529:530	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	43	theme	Escherichia	507:517	arg1	O157					524:527	O157	524:527	Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea	507:551	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	4	44	theme	effect	769:774	arg1	basis					754:758	the basis	750:758	the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea	750:805	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	2	45	dep	ensure	337:342	arg1	retain					384:389	retain	384:389	retain overall quality of the fruits	384:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	4	46	theme	cinnamate	737:745	arg1	concentrations					698:711	the concentrations	694:711	the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate	694:745	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	2	47	theme	edible	275:280	arg1	technique					324:332	an effective postharvest technique	299:332	an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits	299:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	2	47	theme	edible	275:280	arg1	coating					282:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	4	48	theme	methyl	730:735	arg1	cinnamate					737:745	methyl cinnamate	730:745	methyl cinnamate	730:745	A full factorial design was used to select the concentrations of carvacrol and methyl cinnamate on the basis of their effect against E. coli and B. cinerea.
24405047	1	49	theme	strawberry	156:165	arg1	consumption					167:177	Increasing strawberry consumption	145:177	Increasing strawberry consumption	145:177	Increasing strawberry consumption has led to a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest.
24405047	1	50	theme	Increasing	145:154	arg1	consumption					167:177	Increasing strawberry consumption	145:177	Increasing strawberry consumption	145:177	Increasing strawberry consumption has led to a growing safety concern because they are not washed after harvest.
24405047	2	51	theme	antimicrobial	261:273	arg1	technique					324:332	an effective postharvest technique	299:332	an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits	299:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	2	51	theme	antimicrobial	261:273	arg1	coating					282:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating	258:288	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	2	52	theme	overall	391:397	arg1	quality					399:405	overall quality	391:405	overall quality of the fruits	391:419	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	6	53	theme	significant	998:1008	arg1	fitting					1010:1016	the significant fitting	994:1016	the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model	994:1056	The results from analysis of variance showed the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model.
24405047	0	54	theme	coatings	66:73	arg1	properties					43:52	antimicrobial and physical properties	16:52	properties	43:52	Optimization of antimicrobial and physical properties of alginate coatings containing carvacrol and methyl cinnamate for strawberry application.
24405047	3	55	theme	whitish	612:618	arg1	properties					574:583	several physical properties	557:583	several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index)	557:625	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	3	55	theme	whitish	612:618	arg1	index					620:624	whitish index	612:624	whitish index	612:624	Response surface methodology was used to optimize the antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Botrytis cinerea and several physical properties (turbidity, viscosity, and whitish index) of an alginate coating.
24405047	2	56	theme	same	373:376	arg1	time					378:381	the same time	369:381	the same time	369:381	An antimicrobial edible coating could be an effective postharvest technique to ensure microbial safety and, at the same time, retain overall quality of the fruits.
24405047	6	57	theme	responses	1025:1033	arg1	fitting					1010:1016	the significant fitting	994:1016	the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model	994:1056	The results from analysis of variance showed the significant fitting of all responses to the quadratic model.
27914333	12	0	theme	first-order	1644:1654	arg1	kinetics					1656:1663	first-order kinetics	1644:1663	first-order kinetics	1644:1663	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	6	1	theme	XRD	1015:1017	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	11	2	theme	Sips	1487:1490	arg1	model					1521:1525	the best fitted model	1505:1525	the best fitted model	1505:1525	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	11	2	theme	Sips	1487:1490	arg1	isotherm					1492:1499	Sips isotherm	1487:1499	Sips isotherm	1487:1499	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	1	3	theme	zinc	265:268	arg1	oxide					270:274	nano zinc oxide	260:274	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	13	4	theme	ZnO-GO/NC	1807:1815	arg1	reusability					1792:1802	The reusability	1788:1802	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles	1788:1845	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	7	5	theme	volume	1118:1123	arg1	values					1089:1094	The values	1085:1094	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius	1085:1139	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	7	5	theme	volume	1118:1123	arg1	12.68m2/g					1158:1166	12.68m2/g	1158:1166	12.68m2/g	1158:1166	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	1	6	theme	incorporated	276:287	arg1	catalyst					250:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	6	theme	incorporated	276:287	arg1	ZnO-GO/NC					319:327	ZnO-GO/NC	319:327	ZnO-GO/NC	319:327	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	6	theme	incorporated	276:287	arg1	oxide/nanocellulose					298:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose	260:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	6	7	theme	adsorption	1053:1062	arg1	isotherm					1064:1071	BET N2 adsorption isotherm	1046:1071	BET N2 adsorption isotherm	1046:1071	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	11	8	theme	best	1509:1512	arg1	model					1521:1525	the best fitted model	1505:1525	the best fitted model	1505:1525	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	11	8	theme	best	1509:1512	arg1	isotherm					1492:1499	Sips isotherm	1487:1499	Sips isotherm	1487:1499	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	3	9	dep	oxide	650:654	arg1	GO					657:658	GO	657:658	GO	657:658	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	9	10	theme	optimum	1311:1317	arg1	pH					1319:1320	The optimum pH	1307:1320	The optimum pH	1307:1320	The optimum pH was found to be 5.5 and dose of the ZnO-GO/NC was optimized as 2.0g/L.
27914333	9	10	theme	optimum	1311:1317	arg1	5.5					1338:1340	5.5	1338:1340	5.5	1338:1340	The optimum pH was found to be 5.5 and dose of the ZnO-GO/NC was optimized as 2.0g/L.
27914333	6	11	theme	BET	1046:1048	arg1	isotherm					1064:1071	BET N2 adsorption isotherm	1046:1071	BET N2 adsorption isotherm	1046:1071	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	6	12	theme	DRS-UV	1035:1040	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	12	13	theme	%	1785:1785	arg1	efficiency					1767:1776	a maximum degradation efficiency	1745:1776	a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%	1745:1785	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	2	14	theme	graphene	552:559	arg1	oxide					561:565	graphene oxide	552:565	graphene oxide	552:565	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	13	15	theme	CF	1923:1924	arg1	degradation					1908:1918	degradation	1908:1918	degradation	1908:1918	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	13	15	theme	CF	1923:1924	arg1	removal					1896:1902	removal	1896:1902	removal	1896:1902	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	4	16	theme	CF	833:834	arg1	degradation					814:824	the degradation	810:824	the degradation of the CF	810:834	Thus the degradation of the CF was achieved under the visible light.
27914333	13	17	theme	aquatic	1931:1937	arg1	environment					1939:1949	aquatic environment	1931:1949	aquatic environment	1931:1949	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	6	18	theme	wise	939:942	arg1	modification					944:955	The step wise modification	930:955	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC	930:982	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	7	19	theme	pore	1113:1116	arg1	volume					1118:1123	pore volume	1113:1123	pore volume	1113:1123	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	3	20	theme	zinc	621:624	arg1	ZnO					633:635	ZnO	633:635	ZnO	633:635	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	3	20	theme	zinc	621:624	arg1	oxide					626:630	nano zinc oxide	616:630	nano zinc oxide (ZnO)	616:636	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	13	21	dep	removal	1896:1902	arg1	the					1892:1894	the	1892:1894	the	1892:1894	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	0	22	theme	photo	91:95	arg1	degradation					107:117	the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation	72:117	degradation	107:117	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	1	23	theme	subsequent	363:372	arg1	degradation					380:390	subsequent photo degradation	363:390	subsequent photo degradation	363:390	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	12	24	theme	maximum	1747:1753	arg1	efficiency					1767:1776	a maximum degradation efficiency	1745:1776	a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%	1745:1785	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	3	25	with	formation	719:727	arg1	NC					734:735	NC	734:735	NC	734:735	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	1	26	theme	study	190:194	arg1	Purpose					174:180	Purpose	174:180	Purpose of this study	174:194	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	6	27	from	modification	944:955	arg1	ZnO-GO/NC					974:982	the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC	960:982	the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC	960:982	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	13	28	theme	potential	1868:1876	arg1	candidate					1878:1886	a potential candidate	1866:1886	a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment	1866:1949	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	13	28	theme	potential	1868:1876	arg1	it					1857:1858	it	1857:1858	it	1857:1858	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	2	29	theme	nano	523:526	arg1	oxide					533:537	a nano zinc oxide	521:537	a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide	521:565	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	8	30	theme	adsorption	1223:1232	arg1	process					1234:1240	the adsorption process	1219:1240	the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC	1219:1261	Efficiency in the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC was verified by batch adsorption technique.
27914333	0	31	theme	ciprofloxacin	122:134	arg1	hydrochloride					136:148	ciprofloxacin hydrochloride	122:148	ciprofloxacin hydrochloride	122:148	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	1	32	theme	ciprofloxacin	395:407	arg1	adsorption					348:357	effective adsorption	338:357	effective adsorption	338:357	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	32	theme	ciprofloxacin	395:407	arg1	degradation					380:390	subsequent photo degradation	363:390	subsequent photo degradation	363:390	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	2	33	theme	Self	457:460	arg1	property					471:478	Self cleaning property	457:478	Self cleaning property in cellulose	457:491	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	0	34	theme	Nano-zinc	0:8	arg1	oxide					10:14	Nano-zinc oxide	0:14	Nano-zinc oxide	0:14	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	1	35	theme	graphene	289:296	arg1	catalyst					250:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	35	theme	graphene	289:296	arg1	ZnO-GO/NC					319:327	ZnO-GO/NC	319:327	ZnO-GO/NC	319:327	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	35	theme	graphene	289:296	arg1	oxide/nanocellulose					298:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose	260:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	5	36	theme	Photo	874:878	arg1	degradation					880:890	Photo degradation	874:890	Photo degradation	874:890	Photo degradation was due to electron hole interaction.
27914333	6	37	theme	synthesis	964:972	arg1	ZnO-GO/NC					974:982	the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC	960:982	the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC	960:982	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	3	38	theme	graphene	641:648	arg1	oxide					650:654	graphene oxide	641:654	graphene oxide (GO)	641:659	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	0	39	theme	oxide/nanocellulose	38:56	arg1	composite					58:66	graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite	29:66	graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride	29:148	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	11	40	theme	CF	1574:1575	arg1	interaction					1559:1569	interaction	1559:1569	interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC	1559:1590	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	8	41	theme	adsorption	1285:1294	arg1	technique					1296:1304	batch adsorption technique	1279:1304	batch adsorption technique	1279:1304	Efficiency in the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC was verified by batch adsorption technique.
27914333	1	42	theme	novel	238:242	arg1	catalyst					250:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	42	theme	novel	238:242	arg1	oxide/nanocellulose					298:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose	260:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	12	43	theme	degradation	1692:1702	arg1	process					1704:1710	the degradation process	1688:1710	the degradation process	1688:1710	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	5	44	theme	hole	912:915	arg1	interaction					917:927	electron hole interaction	903:927	electron hole interaction	903:927	Photo degradation was due to electron hole interaction.
27914333	11	45	theme	interaction	1559:1569	arg1	nature					1549:1554	the nature	1545:1554	the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC	1545:1590	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	13	46	theme	consecutive	1828:1838	arg1	cycles					1840:1845	five consecutive cycles	1823:1845	five consecutive cycles	1823:1845	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	8	47	from	Efficiency	1205:1214	arg1	process					1234:1240	the adsorption process	1219:1240	the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC	1219:1261	Efficiency in the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC was verified by batch adsorption technique.
27914333	1	48	theme	catalyst	250:257	arg1	procedure					223:231	the synthetic procedure	209:231	the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry	209:454	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	3	49	theme	band	742:745	arg1	gap					747:749	the band gap	738:749	the band gap	738:749	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	7	50	theme	radius	1134:1139	arg1	values					1089:1094	The values	1085:1094	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius	1085:1139	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	7	50	theme	radius	1134:1139	arg1	12.68m2/g					1158:1166	12.68m2/g	1158:1166	12.68m2/g	1158:1166	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	7	51	theme	surface	1099:1105	arg1	area					1107:1110	surface area	1099:1110	surface area	1099:1110	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	1	52	theme	nano	260:263	arg1	oxide					270:274	nano zinc oxide	260:274	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	3	53	theme	band	662:665	arg1	gap					667:669	band gap	662:669	band gap	662:669	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	1	54	theme	oxide	270:274	arg1	catalyst					250:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	54	theme	oxide	270:274	arg1	ZnO-GO/NC					319:327	ZnO-GO/NC	319:327	ZnO-GO/NC	319:327	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	54	theme	oxide	270:274	arg1	oxide/nanocellulose					298:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose	260:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	6	55	theme	isotherm	1064:1071	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	11	56	with	interaction	1559:1569	arg1	ZnO-GO/NC					1582:1590	ZnO-GO/NC	1582:1590	ZnO-GO/NC	1582:1590	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	6	57	theme	N2	1050:1051	arg1	isotherm					1064:1071	BET N2 adsorption isotherm	1046:1071	BET N2 adsorption isotherm	1046:1071	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	10	58	theme	drug	1450:1453	arg1	adsorption					1436:1445	the adsorption	1432:1445	the adsorption of drug	1432:1453	Equilibrium was attained at 120min and the adsorption of drug followed second-order kinetics.
27914333	11	59	theme	fitted	1514:1519	arg1	model					1521:1525	the best fitted model	1505:1525	the best fitted model	1505:1525	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	11	59	theme	fitted	1514:1519	arg1	isotherm					1492:1499	Sips isotherm	1487:1499	Sips isotherm	1487:1499	Sips isotherm was the best fitted model and could explain the nature of interaction of CF with ZnO-GO/NC.
27914333	7	60	theme	area	1107:1110	arg1	values					1089:1094	The values	1085:1094	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius	1085:1139	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	7	60	theme	area	1107:1110	arg1	12.68m2/g					1158:1166	12.68m2/g	1158:1166	12.68m2/g	1158:1166	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	3	61	theme	composite	709:717	arg1	formation					719:727	the composite formation	705:727	the composite formation with NC	705:735	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	0	62	theme	aqueous	155:161	arg1	solutions					163:171	aqueous solutions	155:171	aqueous solutions	155:171	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	1	63	theme	synthetic	213:221	arg1	procedure					223:231	the synthetic procedure	209:231	the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry	209:454	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	10	64	theme	second-order	1464:1475	arg1	kinetics					1477:1484	second-order kinetics	1464:1484	second-order kinetics	1464:1484	Equilibrium was attained at 120min and the adsorption of drug followed second-order kinetics.
27914333	2	65	theme	NC	587:588	arg1	matrix					591:596	nanocellulose (NC) matrix	572:596	nanocellulose (NC) matrix	572:596	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	3	66	theme	visible	789:795	arg1	region					797:802	the visible region	785:802	the visible region	785:802	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	2	67	theme	nanocellulose	572:584	arg1	matrix					591:596	nanocellulose (NC) matrix	572:596	nanocellulose (NC) matrix	572:596	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	3	68	theme	nano	616:619	arg1	ZnO					633:635	ZnO	633:635	ZnO	633:635	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	3	68	theme	nano	616:619	arg1	oxide					626:630	nano zinc oxide	616:630	nano zinc oxide (ZnO)	616:636	By incorporating nano zinc oxide (ZnO) in graphene oxide (GO), band gap could be tuned to 2.4eV and after the composite formation with NC, the band gap was enhanced to 2.8eV which is in the visible region.
27914333	9	69	theme	ZnO-GO/NC	1358:1366	arg1	2.0g/L					1385:1390	2.0g/L	1385:1390	2.0g/L	1385:1390	The optimum pH was found to be 5.5 and dose of the ZnO-GO/NC was optimized as 2.0g/L.
27914333	9	69	theme	ZnO-GO/NC	1358:1366	arg1	dose					1346:1349	dose	1346:1349	dose of the ZnO-GO/NC	1346:1366	The optimum pH was found to be 5.5 and dose of the ZnO-GO/NC was optimized as 2.0g/L.
27914333	6	70	theme	step	934:937	arg1	modification					944:955	The step wise modification	930:955	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC	930:982	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	4	71	theme	visible	859:865	arg1	light					867:871	the visible light	855:871	the visible light	855:871	Thus the degradation of the CF was achieved under the visible light.
27914333	0	72	theme	catalytic	97:105	arg1	degradation					107:117	the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation	72:117	degradation	107:117	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	12	73	theme	degradation	1755:1765	arg1	efficiency					1767:1776	a maximum degradation efficiency	1745:1776	a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%	1745:1785	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	1	74	theme	photo	374:378	arg1	degradation					380:390	subsequent photo degradation	363:390	subsequent photo degradation	363:390	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	2	75	theme	zinc	528:531	arg1	oxide					533:537	a nano zinc oxide	521:537	a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide	521:565	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	2	76	from	property	471:478	arg1	cellulose					483:491	cellulose	483:491	cellulose	483:491	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	0	77	theme	hydrochloride	136:148	arg1	adsorption					76:85	the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation	72:117	adsorption	76:85	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	0	77	theme	hydrochloride	136:148	arg1	degradation					107:117	the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation	72:117	degradation	107:117	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	6	78	theme	FT-IR	1008:1012	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	0	79	theme	graphene	29:36	arg1	composite					58:66	graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite	29:66	graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride	29:148	Nano-zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose composite for the adsorption and photo catalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solutions.
27914333	1	80	dep	adsorption	348:357	arg1	the					334:336	the	334:336	the	334:336	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	8	81	theme	CF	1245:1246	arg1	process					1234:1240	the adsorption process	1219:1240	the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC	1219:1261	Efficiency in the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC was verified by batch adsorption technique.
27914333	6	82	theme	SEM	1020:1022	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	6	83	theme	AFM	1030:1032	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	2	84	theme	cleaning	462:469	arg1	property					471:478	Self cleaning property	457:478	Self cleaning property in cellulose	457:491	Self cleaning property in cellulose was achieved by introducing a nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide into nanocellulose (NC) matrix.
27914333	1	85	theme	effective	338:346	arg1	adsorption					348:357	effective adsorption	338:357	effective adsorption	338:357	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	5	86	theme	electron	903:910	arg1	interaction					917:927	electron hole interaction	903:927	electron hole interaction	903:927	Photo degradation was due to electron hole interaction.
27914333	12	87	theme	optimum	1673:1679	arg1	6.0					1728:1730	6.0	1728:1730	6.0	1728:1730	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	12	87	theme	optimum	1673:1679	arg1	pH					1681:1682	the optimum pH	1669:1682	the optimum pH for the degradation process	1669:1710	The studies revealed that the degradation followed first-order kinetics and the optimum pH for the degradation process was found to be 6.0 and achieved a maximum degradation efficiency of 98.0%.
27914333	6	88	theme	EDS	1025:1027	arg1	techniques					1073:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques	1008:1082	The step wise modification in the synthesis ZnO-GO/NC was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM, DRS-UV and BET N2 adsorption isotherm techniques.
27914333	8	89	theme	batch	1279:1283	arg1	technique					1296:1304	batch adsorption technique	1279:1304	batch adsorption technique	1279:1304	Efficiency in the adsorption process of CF onto ZnO-GO/NC was verified by batch adsorption technique.
27914333	1	90	theme	photo	244:248	arg1	catalyst					250:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	a novel photo catalyst	236:257	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	1	90	theme	photo	244:248	arg1	oxide/nanocellulose					298:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose	260:316	nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC)	260:328	Purpose of this study is to report the synthetic procedure of a novel photo catalyst, nano zinc oxide incorporated graphene oxide/nanocellulose (ZnO-GO/NC) for the effective adsorption and subsequent photo degradation of ciprofloxacin (CF), an antibiotic widely used in the poultry.
27914333	7	91	theme	pore	1129:1132	arg1	radius					1134:1139	pore radius	1129:1139	pore radius	1129:1139	The values of surface area, pore volume and pore radius were found to be 12.68m2/g, 0.026mL/g and 12.5nm, respectively.
27914333	13	92	from	environment	1939:1949	arg1	degradation					1908:1918	degradation	1908:1918	degradation	1908:1918	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
27914333	13	92	from	environment	1939:1949	arg1	removal					1896:1902	removal	1896:1902	removal	1896:1902	The reusability of ZnO-GO/NC after five consecutive cycles indicated it to be a potential candidate for the removal and degradation of CF from aquatic environment.
26017178	2	0	theme	swelling	453:460	arg1	properties					462:471	structural, morphological and swelling properties	423:471	structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media	423:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	6	1	theme	diseases	899:906	arg1	treatment					882:890	the treatment	878:890	the treatment of eye diseases	878:906	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	0	2	with	chitosan	35:42	arg1	applications					94:105	potential ophthalmic applications	73:105	potential ophthalmic applications	73:105	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	5	3	theme	pilocarpine	674:684	arg1	capacity					694:701	The pilocarpine loading capacity	670:701	The pilocarpine loading capacity	670:701	The pilocarpine loading capacity is high as well as the release efficiency which increases up to 72 and 82% after 6 h.
26017178	5	3	theme	pilocarpine	674:684	arg1	high					706:709	high	706:709	high	706:709	The pilocarpine loading capacity is high as well as the release efficiency which increases up to 72 and 82% after 6 h.
26017178	1	4	theme	poly	309:312	arg1	blend					329:333	poly(vinyl alcohol) blend	309:333	poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion	309:360	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	6	5	theme	obtained	793:800	arg1	results					802:808	The obtained results	789:808	The obtained results	789:808	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	2	6	from	properties	462:471	arg1	media					484:488	aqueous media	476:488	aqueous media	476:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	1	7	dep	crosslinking	259:270	arg1	covalent					283:290	covalent	283:290	covalent	283:290	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	7	dep	crosslinking	259:270	arg1	ionic					273:277	ionic	273:277	ionic	273:277	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	3	8	theme	chitosan	507:514	arg1	presence					495:502	The presence	491:502	The presence of chitosan in particles composition	491:539	The presence of chitosan in particles composition confers them a pH-sensitive character.
26017178	0	9	theme	potential	73:81	arg1	applications					94:105	potential ophthalmic applications	73:105	potential ophthalmic applications	73:105	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	1	10	theme	vinyl	314:318	arg1	poly					309:312	poly	309:312	poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion	309:360	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	10	theme	vinyl	314:318	arg1	alcohol					320:326	vinyl alcohol	314:326	vinyl alcohol	314:326	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	0	11	theme	Microparticulated	0:16	arg1	systems					18:24	Microparticulated systems	0:24	Microparticulated systems	0:24	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	4	12	theme	microparticles	654:667	arg1	character					641:649	the biocompatible character	623:649	the biocompatible character of microparticles	623:667	Toxicity and hemocompatibility tests prove the biocompatible character of microparticles.
26017178	2	13	theme	aqueous	476:482	arg1	media					484:488	aqueous media	476:488	aqueous media	476:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	0	14	dep	potential	73:81	arg1	ophthalmic					83:92	ophthalmic	83:92	ophthalmic	83:92	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	6	15	theme	eye	895:897	arg1	diseases					899:906	eye diseases	895:906	eye diseases	895:906	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	1	16	theme	diseases	181:188	arg1	treatment					168:176	the treatment	164:176	the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm,	164:233	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	17	from	blend	329:333	arg1	emulsion					353:360	a water-in-oil emulsion	338:360	a water-in-oil emulsion	338:360	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	18	theme	double	252:257	arg1	crosslinking					259:270	double crosslinking	252:270	double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan	252:303	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	19	from	crosslinking	259:270	arg1	emulsion					353:360	a water-in-oil emulsion	338:360	a water-in-oil emulsion	338:360	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	3	20	theme	particles	519:527	arg1	composition					529:539	particles composition	519:539	particles composition	519:539	The presence of chitosan in particles composition confers them a pH-sensitive character.
26017178	6	21	theme	drug	860:863	arg1	carriers					865:872	sustained release drug carriers	842:872	sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases	842:906	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	6	21	theme	drug	860:863	arg1	microparticles					824:837	the microparticles	820:837	the microparticles	820:837	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	2	22	theme	morphological	435:447	arg1	properties					462:471	structural, morphological and swelling properties	423:471	structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media	423:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	6	23	theme	release	852:858	arg1	carriers					865:872	sustained release drug carriers	842:872	sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases	842:906	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	6	23	theme	release	852:858	arg1	microparticles					824:837	the microparticles	820:837	the microparticles	820:837	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	3	24	attach	presence	495:502	arg1	composition					529:539	particles composition	519:539	particles composition	519:539	The presence of chitosan in particles composition confers them a pH-sensitive character.
26017178	3	24	attach	presence	495:502	arg2	chitosan					507:514	chitosan	507:514	chitosan	507:514	The presence of chitosan in particles composition confers them a pH-sensitive character.
26017178	2	25	theme	Microparticles	363:376	arg1	characterisation					378:393	Microparticles characterisation	363:393	Microparticles characterisation	363:393	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	1	26	theme	water-in-oil	340:351	arg1	emulsion					353:360	a water-in-oil emulsion	338:360	a water-in-oil emulsion	338:360	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	4	27	theme	biocompatible	627:639	arg1	character					641:649	the biocompatible character	623:649	the biocompatible character of microparticles	623:667	Toxicity and hemocompatibility tests prove the biocompatible character of microparticles.
26017178	2	28	theme	structural	423:432	arg1	properties					462:471	structural, morphological and swelling properties	423:471	structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media	423:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	1	29	with	diseases	181:188	arg1	diameter					198:205	a diameter	196:205	a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm	196:232	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	0	30	theme	vinyl	53:57	arg1	alcohol					59:65	vinyl alcohol	53:65	vinyl alcohol	53:65	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	0	30	theme	vinyl	53:57	arg1	chitosan					35:42	chitosan	35:42	chitosan	35:42	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	1	31	theme	Spherical	108:116	arg1	microparticles					118:131	Spherical microparticles	108:131	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm,	108:233	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	5	32	theme	loading	686:692	arg1	capacity					694:701	The pilocarpine loading capacity	670:701	The pilocarpine loading capacity	670:701	The pilocarpine loading capacity is high as well as the release efficiency which increases up to 72 and 82% after 6 h.
26017178	5	32	theme	loading	686:692	arg1	high					706:709	high	706:709	high	706:709	The pilocarpine loading capacity is high as well as the release efficiency which increases up to 72 and 82% after 6 h.
26017178	2	33	from	media	484:488	arg1	terms					414:418	terms	414:418	terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media	414:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	3	34	theme	pH-sensitive	556:567	arg1	character					569:577	a pH-sensitive character	554:577	a pH-sensitive character	554:577	The presence of chitosan in particles composition confers them a pH-sensitive character.
26017178	6	35	theme	sustained	842:850	arg1	carriers					865:872	sustained release drug carriers	842:872	sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases	842:906	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	6	35	theme	sustained	842:850	arg1	microparticles					824:837	the microparticles	820:837	the microparticles	820:837	The obtained results recommend the microparticles as sustained release drug carriers for the treatment of eye diseases.
26017178	5	36	theme	release	726:732	arg1	efficiency					734:743	the release efficiency	722:743	the release efficiency which increases up to 72 and 82% after 6 h	722:786	The pilocarpine loading capacity is high as well as the release efficiency which increases up to 72 and 82% after 6 h.
26017178	2	37	from	terms	414:418	arg1	media					484:488	aqueous media	476:488	aqueous media	476:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	0	38	with	poly	48:51	arg1	applications					94:105	potential ophthalmic applications	73:105	potential ophthalmic applications	73:105	Microparticulated systems based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) with potential ophthalmic applications.
26017178	2	39	theme	properties	462:471	arg1	terms					414:418	terms	414:418	terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media	414:488	Microparticles characterisation was carried out in terms of structural, morphological and swelling properties in aqueous media.
26017178	1	40	theme	chitosan	296:303	arg1	crosslinking					259:270	double crosslinking	252:270	double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan	252:303	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	40	theme	chitosan	296:303	arg1	blend					329:333	poly(vinyl alcohol) blend	309:333	poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion	309:360	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	1	41	theme	drugs	154:158	arg1	encapsulation					137:149	encapsulation	137:149	encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm,	137:233	Spherical microparticles for encapsulation of drugs for the treatment of diseases, with a diameter ranging between 2 and 4 µm, were obtained by double crosslinking (ionic and covalent) of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) blend in a water-in-oil emulsion.
26017178	3	42	from	presence	495:502	arg1	composition					529:539	particles composition	519:539	particles composition	519:539	The presence of chitosan in particles composition confers them a pH-sensitive character.
26017178	4	43	theme	hemocompatibility	593:609	arg1	tests					611:615	hemocompatibility tests	593:615	hemocompatibility tests	593:615	Toxicity and hemocompatibility tests prove the biocompatible character of microparticles.
26492847	7	0	theme	high-intensity	1341:1354	arg1	HGS					1369:1371	HGS	1369:1371	HGS	1369:1371	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	0	theme	high-intensity	1341:1354	arg1	symptoms					1359:1366	high-intensity GI symptoms	1341:1366	high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39)	1341:1380	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	1	1	dep	nutrient	288:295	arg1	challenge					311:319	challenge	311:319	challenge	311:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	11	2	theme	patient	2029:2035	arg1	symptoms					2037:2044	patient symptoms	2029:2044	patient symptoms	2029:2044	The intensity of patient symptoms did not correlate with the composition of the fecal microbiota.
26492847	1	3	from	lactulose	301:309	arg1	results					264:270	results	264:270	results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	264:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	7	4	with	patients	1426:1433	arg1	HGS					1440:1442	HGS	1440:1442	HGS	1440:1442	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	5	theme	<	1537:1537	arg1	.05-.01					1539:1545	P < .05-.01	1535:1545	P < .05-.01	1535:1545	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	5	theme	<	1537:1537	arg1	life					1529:1532	life	1529:1532	life (P < .05-.01)	1529:1546	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	9	6	theme	oro-anal	1829:1836	arg1	time					1846:1849	oro-anal transit time	1829:1849	oro-anal transit time	1829:1849	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	1	7	from	nutrient	288:295	arg1	results					264:270	results	264:270	results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	264:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	7	8	dep	HGS	1369:1371	arg1	n					1374:1374	n = 39	1374:1379	n = 39	1374:1379	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	1	9	theme	BACKGROUND	120:129	arg1	AIMS					133:136	BACKGROUND & AIMS	120:136	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.	120:320	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	8	10	dep	compared	1683:1690	arg1	.05-.001					1673:1680	P < .05-.001	1669:1680	P < .05-.001	1669:1680	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	7	11	theme	comfort	1273:1279	arg1	patients					1303:1310	patients	1303:1310	patients	1303:1310	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	11	theme	comfort	1273:1279	arg1	level					1254:1258	level	1254:1258	level of digestive comfort	1254:1279	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	11	theme	comfort	1273:1279	arg1	symptoms					1241:1248	8 GI symptoms	1236:1248	8 GI symptoms	1236:1248	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	3	12	theme	care	663:666	arg1	center					668:673	a secondary or tertiary care center	639:673	a secondary or tertiary care center	639:673	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	amount					1087:1092	the amount	1083:1092	the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath	1083:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	comfort					1070:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	H2					1105:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	symptoms					1037:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	CH4					1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	level					1051:1055	the level	1047:1055	the level of digestive comfort	1047:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	13	from	breath	1119:1124	arg1	intensity					1019:1027	The intensity	1015:1027	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms	1015:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	4	14	theme	g	779:779	arg1	lactulose					781:789	25 g lactulose	776:789	25 g lactulose	776:789	After an overnight fast, subjects were given a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose.
26492847	7	15	theme	lower	1512:1516	arg1	quality					1518:1524	lower quality	1512:1524	lower quality of life (P < .05-.01)	1512:1546	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	8	16	with	patients	1697:1704	arg1	LGS					1711:1713	LGS	1711:1713	LGS	1711:1713	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	8	17	contain	had	1595:1597	arg1	Patients					1572:1579	Patients	1572:1579	Patients with HGS	1572:1588	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	8	17	contain	had	1595:1597	arg2	sensitivity					1627:1637	significantly higher rectal sensitivity	1599:1637	significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions	1599:1666	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	12	18	with	patients	2168:2175	arg1	IBS					2182:2184	IBS	2182:2184	IBS	2182:2184	The lactulose challenge test may help better characterize patients with IBS and evaluate the efficacy of new treatments.
26492847	8	19	theme	rectal	1620:1625	arg1	sensitivity					1627:1637	significantly higher rectal sensitivity	1599:1637	significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions	1599:1666	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	7	20	theme	GI	1238:1239	arg1	patients					1303:1310	patients	1303:1310	patients	1303:1310	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	20	theme	GI	1238:1239	arg1	symptoms					1241:1248	8 GI symptoms	1236:1248	8 GI symptoms	1236:1248	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	6	21	theme	liquid	1184:1189	arg1	breakfast					1191:1199	the liquid breakfast	1180:1199	the liquid breakfast	1180:1199	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	5	22	theme	IBS	980:982	arg1	severity					984:991	IBS severity	980:991	IBS severity	980:991	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	4	23	dep	mL	745:746	arg1	Nutridrink					749:758	Nutridrink	749:758	400 mL; Nutridrink	741:758	After an overnight fast, subjects were given a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	amount					1087:1092	the amount	1083:1092	the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath	1083:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	comfort					1070:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	H2					1105:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	symptoms					1037:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	CH4					1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	level					1051:1055	the level	1047:1055	the level of digestive comfort	1047:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	24	theme	H2	1105:1106	arg1	intensity					1019:1027	The intensity	1015:1027	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms	1015:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	8	25	theme	phasic	1649:1654	arg1	distensions					1656:1666	random phasic distensions	1642:1666	random phasic distensions	1642:1666	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	5	26	theme	RNA	945:947	arg1	pyrosequencing					949:962	16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing	931:962	16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing	931:962	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	1	27	theme	&	131:131	arg1	AIMS					133:136	BACKGROUND & AIMS	120:136	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.	120:320	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	7	28	theme	=	1419:1419	arg1	n					1417:1417	n = 61	1417:1422	n = 61	1417:1422	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	11	29	theme	fecal	2092:2096	arg1	microbiota					2098:2107	the fecal microbiota	2088:2107	the fecal microbiota	2088:2107	The intensity of patient symptoms did not correlate with the composition of the fecal microbiota.
26492847	6	30	theme	4-hour	1160:1165	arg1	period					1167:1172	a 4-hour period	1158:1172	a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast	1158:1199	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	5	31	theme	visceral	826:833	arg1	sensitivity					835:845	visceral sensitivity	826:845	visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat)	826:867	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	10	32	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1852:1862	arg1	found					1867:1871	found	1867:1871	found	1867:1871	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	10	33	theme	challenge	1928:1936	arg1	test					1938:1941	a lactulose challenge test	1916:1941	a lactulose challenge test	1916:1941	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	10	34	theme	prospective	1879:1889	arg1	study					1891:1895	a prospective study	1877:1895	a prospective study	1877:1895	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	0	35	theme	Symptoms	68:75	arg1	Severity					56:63	Severity	56:63	Severity	56:63	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	0	35	theme	Symptoms	68:75	arg1	Sensitivity					40:50	Visceral Sensitivity	31:50	Visceral Sensitivity	31:50	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	1	36	theme	irritable	152:160	arg1	IBS					178:180	IBS	178:180	IBS	178:180	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	1	36	theme	irritable	152:160	arg1	syndrome					168:175	irritable bowel syndrome	152:175	irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)	152:181	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	7	37	theme	higher	1477:1482	arg1	somatization					1484:1495	higher somatization	1477:1495	higher somatization (P < .01)	1477:1505	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	37	theme	higher	1477:1482	arg1	<					1500:1500	P < .01	1498:1504	P < .01	1498:1504	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	2	38	theme	visceral	462:469	arg1	sensitivity					471:481	visceral sensitivity	462:481	visceral sensitivity	462:481	We aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes to this challenge and to determine whether this can be used in noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS.
26492847	10	39	from	test	1938:1941	arg1	results					1903:1909	results	1903:1909	results from a lactulose challenge test	1903:1941	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	1	40	with	groups	202:207	arg1	symptoms					246:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms	214:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	214:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	13	41	theme	ClinicalTrial.gov	2231:2247	arg1	no					2249:2250	ClinicalTrial.gov no	2231:2250	ClinicalTrial.gov no: NCT01252550.	2231:2264	ClinicalTrial.gov no: NCT01252550.
26492847	7	42	theme	GI	1399:1400	arg1	LGS					1412:1414	LGS	1412:1414	LGS	1412:1414	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	42	theme	GI	1399:1400	arg1	symptoms					1402:1409	low-intensity GI symptoms	1385:1409	low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61)	1385:1423	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	1	43	dep	AIMS	133:136	arg1	assigned					190:197	assigned	190:197	can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	183:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	6	44	from	amount	1087:1092	arg1	breath					1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	0	45	theme	Irritable	94:102	arg1	Syndrome					110:117	Irritable Bowel Syndrome	94:117	Irritable Bowel Syndrome	94:117	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	5	46	theme	transit	879:885	arg1	time					887:890	oro-anal transit time	870:890	oro-anal transit time	870:890	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	7	47	theme	<	1467:1467	arg1	P					1465:1465	P < .0001	1465:1473	P < .0001	1465:1473	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	47	theme	<	1467:1467	arg1	IBS					1460:1462	more severe IBS	1448:1462	more severe IBS (P < .0001)	1448:1474	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	0	48	from	Severity	56:63	arg1	Patients					80:87	Patients	80:87	Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome	80:117	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	1	49	with	Patients	138:145	arg1	IBS					178:180	IBS	178:180	IBS	178:180	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	1	49	with	Patients	138:145	arg1	syndrome					168:175	irritable bowel syndrome	152:175	irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)	152:181	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	0	50	from	Sensitivity	40:50	arg1	Patients					80:87	Patients	80:87	Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome	80:117	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	9	51	theme	significant	1731:1741	arg1	differences					1743:1753	no significant differences	1728:1753	no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time	1728:1849	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	0	52	theme	Lactulose	0:8	arg1	Challenge					10:18	Lactulose Challenge	0:18	Lactulose Challenge	0:18	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	7	53	theme	severe	1453:1458	arg1	P					1465:1465	P < .0001	1465:1473	P < .0001	1465:1473	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	53	theme	severe	1453:1458	arg1	IBS					1460:1462	more severe IBS	1448:1462	more severe IBS (P < .0001)	1448:1474	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	6	54	theme	digestive	1060:1068	arg1	comfort					1070:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	7	55	theme	=	1376:1376	arg1	n					1374:1374	n = 39	1374:1379	n = 39	1374:1379	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	12	56	theme	challenge	2124:2132	arg1	test					2134:2137	The lactulose challenge test	2110:2137	The lactulose challenge test	2110:2137	The lactulose challenge test may help better characterize patients with IBS and evaluate the efficacy of new treatments.
26492847	4	57	contain	contained	766:774	arg1	breakfast					730:738	a liquid breakfast	721:738	a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose	721:789	After an overnight fast, subjects were given a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose.
26492847	4	57	contain	contained	766:774	arg2	lactulose					781:789	25 g lactulose	776:789	25 g lactulose	776:789	After an overnight fast, subjects were given a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose.
26492847	1	58	theme	combined	279:286	arg1	nutrient					288:295	a combined nutrient	277:295	a combined nutrient	277:295	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	8	59	theme	<	1671:1671	arg1	.05-.001					1673:1680	P < .05-.001	1669:1680	P < .05-.001	1669:1680	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	6	60	from	intensity	1019:1027	arg1	breath					1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	5	61	theme	ribosomal	935:943	arg1	pyrosequencing					949:962	16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing	931:962	16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing	931:962	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	12	62	theme	treatments	2219:2228	arg1	efficacy					2203:2210	the efficacy	2199:2210	the efficacy of new treatments	2199:2228	The lactulose challenge test may help better characterize patients with IBS and evaluate the efficacy of new treatments.
26492847	13	63	dep	no	2249:2250	arg1	NCT01252550					2253:2263	NCT01252550	2253:2263	ClinicalTrial.gov no: NCT01252550.	2231:2264	ClinicalTrial.gov no: NCT01252550.
26492847	7	64	theme	GI	1356:1357	arg1	HGS					1369:1371	HGS	1369:1371	HGS	1369:1371	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	64	theme	GI	1356:1357	arg1	symptoms					1359:1366	high-intensity GI symptoms	1341:1366	high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39)	1341:1380	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	5	65	theme	fecal	897:901	arg1	composition					914:924	fecal microbiota composition	897:924	fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing)	897:963	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	1	66	theme	gastrointestinal	224:239	arg1	symptoms					246:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms	214:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	214:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	7	67	theme	P	1535:1535	arg1	.05-.01					1539:1545	P < .05-.01	1535:1545	P < .05-.01	1535:1545	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	67	theme	P	1535:1535	arg1	life					1529:1532	life	1529:1532	life (P < .05-.01)	1529:1546	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	3	68	theme	tertiary	654:661	arg1	center					668:673	a secondary or tertiary care center	639:673	a secondary or tertiary care center	639:673	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	7	69	with	groups	1329:1334	arg1	HGS					1369:1371	HGS	1369:1371	HGS	1369:1371	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	69	with	groups	1329:1334	arg1	LGS					1412:1414	LGS	1412:1414	LGS	1412:1414	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	69	with	groups	1329:1334	arg1	symptoms					1359:1366	high-intensity GI symptoms	1341:1366	high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39)	1341:1380	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	69	with	groups	1329:1334	arg1	symptoms					1402:1409	low-intensity GI symptoms	1385:1409	low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61)	1385:1423	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	1	70	theme	GI	242:243	arg1	symptoms					246:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms	214:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	214:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	10	71	theme	visceral	1970:1977	arg1	sensitivity					1979:1989	visceral sensitivity	1970:1989	visceral sensitivity	1970:1989	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	7	72	theme	life	1529:1532	arg1	P					1465:1465	P < .0001	1465:1473	P < .0001	1465:1473	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	72	theme	life	1529:1532	arg1	IBS					1460:1462	more severe IBS	1448:1462	more severe IBS (P < .0001)	1448:1474	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	72	theme	life	1529:1532	arg1	<					1500:1500	P < .01	1498:1504	P < .01	1498:1504	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	72	theme	life	1529:1532	arg1	somatization					1484:1495	higher somatization	1477:1495	higher somatization (P < .01)	1477:1505	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	72	theme	life	1529:1532	arg1	quality					1518:1524	lower quality	1512:1524	lower quality of life (P < .05-.01)	1512:1546	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	9	73	theme	microbiota	1779:1788	arg1	composition					1790:1800	fecal microbiota composition	1773:1800	fecal microbiota composition	1773:1800	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	7	74	with	patients	1553:1560	arg1	LGS					1567:1569	LGS	1567:1569	LGS	1567:1569	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	3	75	theme	secondary	641:649	arg1	center					668:673	a secondary or tertiary care center	639:673	a secondary or tertiary care center	639:673	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	0	76	with	Patients	80:87	arg1	Syndrome					110:117	Irritable Bowel Syndrome	94:117	Irritable Bowel Syndrome	94:117	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	amount					1087:1092	the amount	1083:1092	the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath	1083:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	comfort					1070:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	H2					1105:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	symptoms					1037:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	CH4					1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	level					1051:1055	the level	1047:1055	the level of digestive comfort	1047:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	77	theme	comfort	1070:1076	arg1	intensity					1019:1027	The intensity	1015:1027	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms	1015:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	10	78	used	used	1952:1955	arg2	results					1903:1909	results	1903:1909	results from a lactulose challenge test	1903:1941	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	9	79	theme	transit	1838:1844	arg1	time					1846:1849	oro-anal transit time	1829:1849	oro-anal transit time	1829:1849	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	8	80	theme	higher	1613:1618	arg1	sensitivity					1627:1637	significantly higher rectal sensitivity	1599:1637	significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions	1599:1666	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	4	81	dep	breakfast	730:738	arg1	mL					745:746	400 mL	741:746	400 mL; Nutridrink	741:758	After an overnight fast, subjects were given a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose.
26492847	7	82	theme	digestive	1263:1271	arg1	comfort					1273:1279	digestive comfort	1263:1279	digestive comfort	1263:1279	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	3	83	theme	prospective	528:538	arg1	study					540:544	a prospective study	526:544	a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes)	526:625	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	7	84	contain	had	1444:1446	arg2	P					1465:1465	P < .0001	1465:1473	P < .0001	1465:1473	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	84	contain	had	1444:1446	arg2	somatization					1484:1495	higher somatization	1477:1495	higher somatization (P < .01)	1477:1505	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	84	contain	had	1444:1446	arg1	patients					1426:1433	patients	1426:1433	patients with HGS	1426:1442	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	84	contain	had	1444:1446	arg2	<					1500:1500	P < .01	1498:1504	P < .01	1498:1504	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	84	contain	had	1444:1446	arg2	quality					1518:1524	lower quality	1512:1524	lower quality of life (P < .05-.01)	1512:1546	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	84	contain	had	1444:1446	arg2	IBS					1460:1462	more severe IBS	1448:1462	more severe IBS (P < .0001)	1448:1474	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	amount					1087:1092	the amount	1083:1092	the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath	1083:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	comfort					1070:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	H2					1105:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	symptoms					1037:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	CH4					1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	level					1051:1055	the level	1047:1055	the level of digestive comfort	1047:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	85	theme	symptoms	1037:1044	arg1	intensity					1019:1027	The intensity	1015:1027	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms	1015:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	8	86	theme	random	1642:1647	arg1	distensions					1656:1666	random phasic distensions	1642:1666	random phasic distensions	1642:1666	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	7	87	theme	symptoms	1241:1248	arg1	intensity					1223:1231	the intensity	1219:1231	the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients	1219:1310	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	11	88	theme	microbiota	2098:2107	arg1	composition					2073:2083	the composition	2069:2083	the composition of the fecal microbiota	2069:2107	The intensity of patient symptoms did not correlate with the composition of the fecal microbiota.
26492847	3	89	with	patients	553:560	arg1	IBS					567:569	IBS	567:569	IBS	567:569	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	3	90	theme	patients	553:560	arg1	study					540:544	a prospective study	526:544	a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes)	526:625	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	3	91	dep	METHODS	505:511	arg1	performed					516:524	performed	516:524	performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes)	516:625	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	3	91	dep	METHODS	505:511	arg1	seen					631:634	seen	631:634	seen at a secondary or tertiary care center	631:673	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	6	92	theme	exhaled	1097:1103	arg1	H2					1105:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	93	from	H2	1105:1106	arg1	breath					1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	8	94	theme	P	1669:1669	arg1	.05-.001					1673:1680	P < .05-.001	1669:1680	P < .05-.001	1669:1680	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	3	95	theme	Rome	594:597	arg1	criteria					603:610	Rome III criteria	594:610	Rome III criteria (all subtypes)	594:625	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	3	95	theme	Rome	594:597	arg1	subtypes					617:624	all subtypes	613:624	all subtypes	613:624	METHODS We performed a prospective study of 100 patients with IBS diagnosed according to Rome III criteria (all subtypes) and seen at a secondary or tertiary care center.
26492847	6	96	from	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	breath					1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	7	97	theme	P	1498:1498	arg1	somatization					1484:1495	higher somatization	1477:1495	higher somatization (P < .01)	1477:1505	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	97	theme	P	1498:1498	arg1	<					1500:1500	P < .01	1498:1504	P < .01	1498:1504	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	2	98	theme	sensitivity	471:481	arg1	assessment					448:457	noninvasive assessment	436:457	noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS	436:502	We aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes to this challenge and to determine whether this can be used in noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS.
26492847	9	99	from	composition	1790:1800	arg1	breath					1818:1823	breath	1818:1823	breath	1818:1823	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	1	100	theme	bowel	162:166	arg1	IBS					178:180	IBS	178:180	IBS	178:180	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	1	100	theme	bowel	162:166	arg1	syndrome					168:175	irritable bowel syndrome	152:175	irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)	152:181	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	7	101	theme	low-intensity	1385:1397	arg1	LGS					1412:1414	LGS	1412:1414	LGS	1412:1414	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	7	101	theme	low-intensity	1385:1397	arg1	symptoms					1402:1409	low-intensity GI symptoms	1385:1409	low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61)	1385:1423	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	10	102	theme	IBS	2007:2009	arg1	severity					1995:2002	severity	1995:2002	severity of IBS	1995:2009	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	10	102	theme	IBS	2007:2009	arg1	sensitivity					1979:1989	visceral sensitivity	1970:1989	visceral sensitivity	1970:1989	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	0	103	theme	Bowel	104:108	arg1	Syndrome					110:117	Irritable Bowel Syndrome	94:117	Irritable Bowel Syndrome	94:117	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	5	104	theme	oro-anal	870:877	arg1	time					887:890	oro-anal transit time	870:890	oro-anal transit time	870:890	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	7	105	theme	level	1254:1258	arg1	intensity					1223:1231	the intensity	1219:1231	the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients	1219:1310	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	9	106	from	gas	1811:1813	arg1	breath					1818:1823	breath	1818:1823	breath	1818:1823	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	11	107	theme	symptoms	2037:2044	arg1	intensity					2016:2024	The intensity	2012:2024	The intensity of patient symptoms	2012:2044	The intensity of patient symptoms did not correlate with the composition of the fecal microbiota.
26492847	9	108	from	groups	1763:1768	arg1	time					1846:1849	oro-anal transit time	1829:1849	oro-anal transit time	1829:1849	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	9	108	from	groups	1763:1768	arg1	composition					1790:1800	fecal microbiota composition	1773:1800	fecal microbiota composition	1773:1800	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	9	108	from	groups	1763:1768	arg1	gas					1811:1813	exhaled gas	1803:1813	exhaled gas in breath	1803:1823	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	2	109	from	assessment	448:457	arg1	patients					486:493	patients	486:493	patients with IBS	486:502	We aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes to this challenge and to determine whether this can be used in noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS.
26492847	8	110	with	Patients	1572:1579	arg1	HGS					1586:1588	HGS	1586:1588	HGS	1586:1588	Patients with HGS also had significantly higher rectal sensitivity to random phasic distensions (P < .05-.001, compared with patients with LGS).
26492847	9	111	from	time	1846:1849	arg1	breath					1818:1823	breath	1818:1823	breath	1818:1823	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	2	112	with	patients	486:493	arg1	IBS					500:502	IBS	500:502	IBS	500:502	We aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes to this challenge and to determine whether this can be used in noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS.
26492847	5	113	theme	rectal	852:857	arg1	barostat					859:866	rectal barostat	852:866	rectal barostat	852:866	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	12	114	theme	lactulose	2114:2122	arg1	test					2134:2137	The lactulose challenge test	2110:2137	The lactulose challenge test	2110:2137	The lactulose challenge test may help better characterize patients with IBS and evaluate the efficacy of new treatments.
26492847	10	115	theme	lactulose	1918:1926	arg1	test					1938:1941	a lactulose challenge test	1916:1941	a lactulose challenge test	1916:1941	CONCLUSIONS We found, in a prospective study, that results from a lactulose challenge test could be used to determine visceral sensitivity and severity of IBS.
26492847	0	116	theme	Visceral	31:38	arg1	Sensitivity					40:50	Visceral Sensitivity	31:50	Visceral Sensitivity	31:50	Lactulose Challenge Determines Visceral Sensitivity and Severity of Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	amount					1087:1092	the amount	1083:1092	the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath	1083:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	comfort					1070:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	digestive comfort	1060:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	H2					1105:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	exhaled H2	1097:1106	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	symptoms					1037:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	CH4					1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	CH4	1112:1114	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	level					1051:1055	the level	1047:1055	the level of digestive comfort	1047:1076	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	117	theme	CH4	1112:1114	arg1	intensity					1019:1027	The intensity	1015:1027	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms	1015:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	6	118	from	level	1051:1055	arg1	breath					1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	breath	1119:1124	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	2	119	theme	noninvasive	436:446	arg1	assessment					448:457	noninvasive assessment	436:457	noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS	436:502	We aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes to this challenge and to determine whether this can be used in noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS.
26492847	9	120	theme	fecal	1773:1777	arg1	composition					1790:1800	fecal microbiota composition	1773:1800	fecal microbiota composition	1773:1800	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	5	121	theme	16S	931:933	arg1	pyrosequencing					949:962	16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing	931:962	16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing	931:962	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	6	122	theme	GI	1034:1035	arg1	symptoms					1037:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	8 GI symptoms	1032:1044	The intensity of 8 GI symptoms, the level of digestive comfort, and the amount of exhaled H2 and CH4 in breath were measured before and during a 4-hour period after the liquid breakfast.
26492847	7	123	dep	LGS	1412:1414	arg1	n					1417:1417	n = 61	1417:1422	n = 61	1417:1422	RESULTS Based on the intensity of 8 GI symptoms and level of digestive comfort during the challenge, patients were assigned to groups with high-intensity GI symptoms (HGS; n = 39) or low-intensity GI symptoms (LGS; n = 61); patients with HGS had more severe IBS (P < .0001), higher somatization (P < .01), and lower quality of life (P < .05-.01) than patients with LGS.
26492847	12	124	theme	new	2215:2217	arg1	treatments					2219:2228	new treatments	2215:2228	new treatments	2215:2228	The lactulose challenge test may help better characterize patients with IBS and evaluate the efficacy of new treatments.
26492847	9	125	theme	exhaled	1803:1809	arg1	gas					1811:1813	exhaled gas	1803:1813	exhaled gas in breath	1803:1823	There were no significant differences between groups in fecal microbiota composition, exhaled gas in breath, or oro-anal transit time.
26492847	4	126	theme	liquid	723:728	arg1	breakfast					730:738	a liquid breakfast	721:738	a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose	721:789	After an overnight fast, subjects were given a liquid breakfast (400 mL; Nutridrink) that contained 25 g lactulose.
26492847	1	127	theme	different	214:222	arg1	symptoms					246:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms	214:253	different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge	214:319	BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can be assigned to groups with different gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms based on results from a combined nutrient and lactulose challenge.
26492847	5	128	theme	microbiota	903:912	arg1	composition					914:924	fecal microbiota composition	897:924	fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing)	897:963	Before the challenge, we assessed visceral sensitivity (via rectal barostat), oro-anal transit time, and fecal microbiota composition (via 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing); we determined IBS severity using questionnaires.
26492847	2	129	used	used	428:431	arg2	this					416:419	this	416:419	this	416:419	We aimed to identify factors that predict outcomes to this challenge and to determine whether this can be used in noninvasive assessment of visceral sensitivity in patients with IBS.
26193345	11	0	theme	high-throughput	2111:2125	arg1	analysis					2127:2134	high-throughput analysis	2111:2134	high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2111:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	9	1	theme	bilayer	1698:1704	arg1	membranes					1706:1714	hybrid bilayer membranes	1691:1714	hybrid bilayer membranes	1691:1714	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	6	2	theme	imaging	1157:1163	arg1	studies					1165:1171	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies	1124:1171	studies	1165:1171	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies show that the individual SLBs stay localized at the area of deposition, without any encapsulating matrix, confining coral, or boundaries.
26193345	3	3	theme	defined	679:685	arg1	manner					687:692	a spatially defined manner	667:692	a spatially defined manner	667:692	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	6	4	theme	deposition	1233:1242	arg1	area					1225:1228	the area	1221:1228	the area of deposition	1221:1242	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies show that the individual SLBs stay localized at the area of deposition, without any encapsulating matrix, confining coral, or boundaries.
26193345	4	5	theme	in	841:842	arg1	hydration					849:857	in situ hydration	841:857	in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell	841:902	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	2	6	theme	SPR	571:573	arg1	SPRi					584:587	SPRi	584:587	SPRi	584:587	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	2	6	theme	SPR	571:573	arg1	imaging					575:581	SPR imaging	571:581	SPR imaging (SPRi)	571:588	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	11	7	contain	has	2004:2006	arg1	nature					1983:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature	1942:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method	1942:2002	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	11	7	contain	has	2004:2006	arg2	potential					2012:2020	the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2008:2171	the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2008:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	4	8	theme	flow	894:897	arg1	cell					899:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	6	9	theme	Independent	1124:1134	arg1	fluorescence					1136:1147	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies	1124:1171	fluorescence	1136:1147	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies show that the individual SLBs stay localized at the area of deposition, without any encapsulating matrix, confining coral, or boundaries.
26193345	8	10	from	sensorgrams	1626:1636	arg1	discrimination					1566:1579	discrimination	1566:1579	discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1566:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	5	11	theme	cell	1056:1059	arg1	receptors					1070:1078	embedded cell membrane receptors	1047:1078	embedded cell membrane receptors	1047:1078	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	1	12	theme	arduous	212:218	arg1	task					232:235	an arduous and complex task	209:235	an arduous and complex task	209:235	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	1	12	theme	arduous	212:218	arg1	fabrication					115:125	The fabrication	111:125	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	111:184	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	7	13	theme	addressable	1358:1368	arg1	arrays					1374:1379	individually addressable SLB arrays	1345:1379	individually addressable SLB arrays	1345:1379	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	4	14	theme	SPR	879:881	arg1	cell					899:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	11	15	theme	method	1997:2002	arg1	nature					1983:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature	1942:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method	1942:2002	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	5	16	theme	biological	1024:1033	arg1	function					1035:1042	the biological function	1020:1042	the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors	1020:1078	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	8	17	theme	protein-ganglioside	1482:1500	arg1	system					1545:1550	a model system	1537:1550	a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1537:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	8	17	theme	protein-ganglioside	1482:1500	arg1	interactions					1502:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions	1474:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions	1474:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	7	18	theme	introduced	1315:1324	arg1	methodology					1326:1336	The introduced methodology	1311:1336	The introduced methodology	1311:1336	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	3	19	theme	SPR	762:764	arg1	substrates					766:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	0	20	theme	Trehalose-Assisted	58:75	arg1	Delivery					85:92	Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery	58:92	Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging	58:108	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	10	21	theme	arrays	1861:1866	arg1	stability					1833:1841	The stability	1829:1841	The stability	1829:1841	The stability of the fabricated arrays, over medium to long storage periods, was evaluated and found to be good.
26193345	10	21	theme	arrays	1861:1866	arg1	good					1936:1939	good	1936:1939	good	1936:1939	The stability of the fabricated arrays, over medium to long storage periods, was evaluated and found to be good.
26193345	1	22	theme	lipid	159:163	arg1	SLB					174:176	SLB	174:176	SLB	174:176	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	1	22	theme	lipid	159:163	arg1	bilayer					165:171	lipid bilayer	159:171	large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	130:184	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	2	23	theme	unique	471:476	arg1	composition					478:488	a unique composition	469:488	each element a unique composition	456:488	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	11	24	theme	lipid	2091:2095	arg1	membranes					2097:2105	lipid membranes	2091:2105	lipid membranes	2091:2105	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	4	25	from	hydration	849:857	arg1	cell					899:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	9	26	theme	membrane	1808:1815	arg1	geometries					1817:1826	membrane geometries	1808:1826	membrane geometries	1808:1826	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	1	27	dep	large-scale	130:140	arg1	solid-supported					143:157	solid-supported	143:157	solid-supported	143:157	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	0	28	theme	SPR	98:100	arg1	Imaging					102:108	SPR Imaging	98:108	SPR Imaging	98:108	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	5	29	theme	receptors	1070:1078	arg1	function					1035:1042	the biological function	1020:1042	the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors	1020:1078	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	5	30	theme	lateral	937:943	arg1	mobility					945:952	high lateral mobility	932:952	high lateral mobility	932:952	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	2	31	theme	vitrified	362:370	arg1	vesicles					385:392	trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles	352:392	trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays	352:444	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	2	32	theme	microarrays	434:444	arg1	generation					420:429	on-demand generation	410:429	on-demand generation of microarrays	410:444	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	3	33	from	vitrifying	714:723	arg1	substrates					766:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	0	34	theme	On-Demand	0:8	arg1	Formation					10:18	On-Demand Formation	0:18	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.	0:109	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	5	35	theme	resulting	909:917	arg1	SLBs					919:922	The resulting SLBs	905:922	The resulting SLBs	905:922	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	7	36	theme	label-free	1411:1420	arg1	sensitivity					1422:1432	excellent label-free sensitivity	1401:1432	excellent label-free sensitivity	1401:1432	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	10	37	theme	storage	1889:1895	arg1	periods					1897:1903	long storage periods	1884:1903	long storage periods	1884:1903	The stability of the fabricated arrays, over medium to long storage periods, was evaluated and found to be good.
26193345	2	38	theme	vesicles	385:392	arg1	use					345:347	the use	341:347	the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays	341:444	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	0	39	theme	Lipid	33:37	arg1	Arrays					48:53	Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays	23:53	Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays	23:53	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	7	40	dep	real-time	1439:1447	arg1	high-throughput					1450:1464	high-throughput	1450:1464	high-throughput	1450:1464	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	5	41	theme	membranes	996:1004	arg1	characteristic					955:968	characteristic	955:968	characteristic	955:968	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	0	42	theme	Arrays	48:53	arg1	Formation					10:18	On-Demand Formation	0:18	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.	0:109	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	1	43	theme	aqueous	291:297	arg1	environment					299:309	an aqueous environment	288:309	an aqueous environment	288:309	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	8	44	theme	binding	1600:1606	arg1	responses					1608:1616	strong and weak binding responses	1584:1616	strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1584:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	5	45	theme	cellular	981:988	arg1	membranes					996:1004	fluidic cellular lipid membranes	973:1004	fluidic cellular lipid membranes	973:1004	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	9	46	theme	surfaces	1795:1802	arg1	range					1786:1790	a range	1784:1790	a range of surfaces and membrane geometries	1784:1826	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	2	47	theme	biomolecular	542:553	arg1	interactions					555:566	biomolecular interactions	542:566	biomolecular interactions	542:566	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	11	48	theme	properties	2145:2154	arg1	analysis					2127:2134	high-throughput analysis	2111:2134	high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2111:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	11	49	theme	constituents	2160:2171	arg1	analysis					2127:2134	high-throughput analysis	2111:2134	high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2111:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	8	50	from	discrimination	1566:1579	arg1	sensorgrams					1626:1636	SPRi sensorgrams	1621:1636	SPRi sensorgrams	1621:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	9	51	theme	hybrid	1691:1696	arg1	membranes					1706:1714	hybrid bilayer membranes	1691:1714	hybrid bilayer membranes	1691:1714	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	8	52	from	responses	1608:1616	arg1	sensorgrams					1626:1636	SPRi sensorgrams	1621:1636	SPRi sensorgrams	1621:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	7	53	theme	real-time	1439:1447	arg1	manner					1466:1471	a real-time, high-throughput manner	1437:1471	a real-time, high-throughput manner	1437:1471	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	6	54	theme	SPR	1153:1155	arg1	studies					1165:1171	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies	1124:1171	studies	1165:1171	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies show that the individual SLBs stay localized at the area of deposition, without any encapsulating matrix, confining coral, or boundaries.
26193345	1	55	theme	arrays	179:184	arg1	task					232:235	an arduous and complex task	209:235	an arduous and complex task	209:235	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	1	55	theme	arrays	179:184	arg1	fabrication					115:125	The fabrication	111:125	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	111:184	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	5	56	theme	affinity	1101:1108	arg1	measurements					1110:1121	SPR affinity measurements	1097:1121	SPR affinity measurements	1097:1121	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	9	57	theme	hydrophobic	1719:1729	arg1	substrates					1735:1744	hydrophobic SPR substrates	1719:1744	hydrophobic SPR substrates	1719:1744	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	7	58	theme	excellent	1401:1409	arg1	sensitivity					1422:1432	excellent label-free sensitivity	1401:1432	excellent label-free sensitivity	1401:1432	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	4	59	theme	instrument	883:892	arg1	cell					899:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	the SPR instrument flow cell	875:902	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	3	60	theme	trehalose	704:712	arg1	vitrifying					714:723	the trehalose vitrifying	700:723	the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	700:775	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	5	61	theme	embedded	1047:1054	arg1	receptors					1070:1078	embedded cell membrane receptors	1047:1078	embedded cell membrane receptors	1047:1078	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	10	62	theme	fabricated	1850:1859	arg1	arrays					1861:1866	the fabricated arrays	1846:1866	the fabricated arrays	1846:1866	The stability of the fabricated arrays, over medium to long storage periods, was evaluated and found to be good.
26193345	2	63	theme	high-throughput	514:528	arg1	analysis					530:537	the label-free and high-throughput analysis	495:537	the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi)	495:588	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	3	64	theme	hydrophobic	750:760	arg1	substrates					766:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	5	65	theme	membrane	1061:1068	arg1	receptors					1070:1078	embedded cell membrane receptors	1047:1078	embedded cell membrane receptors	1047:1078	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	4	66	theme	array	866:870	arg1	hydration					849:857	in situ hydration	841:857	in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell	841:902	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	8	67	theme	Various	1474:1480	arg1	system					1545:1550	a model system	1537:1550	a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1537:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	8	67	theme	Various	1474:1480	arg1	interactions					1502:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions	1474:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions	1474:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	7	68	theme	SLB	1370:1372	arg1	arrays					1374:1379	individually addressable SLB arrays	1345:1379	individually addressable SLB arrays	1345:1379	The introduced methodology allows individually addressable SLB arrays to be analyzed with excellent label-free sensitivity in a real-time, high-throughput manner.
26193345	3	69	theme	hydrophilic	735:745	arg1	substrates					766:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates	728:775	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	6	70	theme	confining	1279:1287	arg1	coral					1289:1293	confining coral	1279:1293	confining coral	1279:1293	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies show that the individual SLBs stay localized at the area of deposition, without any encapsulating matrix, confining coral, or boundaries.
26193345	3	71	theme	unilamellar	598:608	arg1	SUVs					620:623	SUVs	620:623	SUVs	620:623	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	3	71	theme	unilamellar	598:608	arg1	vesicles					610:617	Small, unilamellar vesicles	591:617	vesicles	610:617	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	1	72	theme	large-scale	130:140	arg1	arrays					179:184	large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	130:184	large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	130:184	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	2	73	theme	interactions	555:566	arg1	analysis					530:537	the label-free and high-throughput analysis	495:537	the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi)	495:588	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	6	74	theme	individual	1187:1196	arg1	SLBs					1198:1201	the individual SLBs	1183:1201	the individual SLBs	1183:1201	Independent fluorescence and SPR imaging studies show that the individual SLBs stay localized at the area of deposition, without any encapsulating matrix, confining coral, or boundaries.
26193345	0	75	theme	Vesicle	77:83	arg1	Delivery					85:92	Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery	58:92	Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging	58:108	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	11	76	theme	sensing	2063:2069	arg1	platforms					2071:2079	label-free sensing platforms	2052:2079	label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2052:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	3	77	theme	Small	591:595	arg1	SUVs					620:623	SUVs	620:623	SUVs	620:623	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	3	77	theme	Small	591:595	arg1	vesicles					610:617	Small, unilamellar vesicles	591:617	vesicles	610:617	Small, unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) are suspended in trehalose, deposited in a spatially defined manner, with the trehalose vitrifying on either hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPR substrates.
26193345	9	78	theme	geometries	1817:1826	arg1	range					1786:1790	a range	1784:1790	a range of surfaces and membrane geometries	1784:1826	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	5	79	theme	SPR	1097:1099	arg1	measurements					1110:1121	SPR affinity measurements	1097:1121	SPR affinity measurements	1097:1121	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	1	80	theme	bilayer	165:171	arg1	arrays					179:184	large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	130:184	large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	130:184	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	11	81	theme	platforms	2071:2079	arg1	platforms					2071:2079	label-free sensing platforms	2052:2079	label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2052:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	11	81	theme	platforms	2071:2079	arg1	variety					2041:2047	a variety	2039:2047	a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2039:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	2	82	dep	element	461:467	arg1	composition					478:488	a unique composition	469:488	each element a unique composition	456:488	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	5	83	theme	high	932:935	arg1	mobility					945:952	high lateral mobility	932:952	high lateral mobility	932:952	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	2	84	theme	label-free	499:508	arg1	analysis					530:537	the label-free and high-throughput analysis	495:537	the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi)	495:588	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	8	85	theme	model	1539:1543	arg1	system					1545:1550	a model system	1537:1550	a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1537:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	8	85	theme	model	1539:1543	arg1	interactions					1502:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions	1474:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions	1474:1513	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	2	86	theme	trehalose	352:360	arg1	vesicles					385:392	trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles	352:392	trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays	352:444	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	4	87	dep	in	841:842	arg1	situ					844:847	situ	844:847	situ	844:847	SLBs are subsequently spontaneously formed on-demand simply by in situ hydration of the array in the SPR instrument flow cell.
26193345	0	88	theme	Supported	23:31	arg1	Arrays					48:53	Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays	23:53	Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays	23:53	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	11	89	theme	scalable	1974:1981	arg1	nature					1983:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature	1942:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method	1942:2002	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	2	90	theme	on-demand	410:418	arg1	generation					420:429	on-demand generation	410:429	on-demand generation of microarrays	410:444	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	8	91	theme	strong	1584:1589	arg1	responses					1608:1616	strong and weak binding responses	1584:1616	strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1584:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	11	92	theme	efficient	1953:1961	arg1	nature					1983:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature	1942:1988	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method	1942:2002	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	0	93	theme	Membrane	39:46	arg1	Arrays					48:53	Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays	23:53	Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays	23:53	On-Demand Formation of Supported Lipid Membrane Arrays by Trehalose-Assisted Vesicle Delivery for SPR Imaging.
26193345	5	94	theme	lipid	990:994	arg1	membranes					996:1004	fluidic cellular lipid membranes	973:1004	fluidic cellular lipid membranes	973:1004	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	8	95	theme	weak	1595:1598	arg1	responses					1608:1616	strong and weak binding responses	1584:1616	strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1584:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	10	96	theme	long	1884:1887	arg1	periods					1897:1903	long storage periods	1884:1903	long storage periods	1884:1903	The stability of the fabricated arrays, over medium to long storage periods, was evaluated and found to be good.
26193345	2	97	theme	phospholipid	372:383	arg1	vesicles					385:392	trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles	352:392	trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays	352:444	In this work, we demonstrate the use of trehalose vitrified phospholipid vesicles that facilitate on-demand generation of microarrays, allowing each element a unique composition, for the label-free and high-throughput analysis of biomolecular interactions by SPR imaging (SPRi).
26193345	11	98	theme	label-free	2052:2061	arg1	platforms					2071:2079	label-free sensing platforms	2052:2079	label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents	2052:2171	The highly efficient and easily scalable nature of the method has the potential to be applied to a variety of label-free sensing platforms requiring lipid membranes for high-throughput analysis of their properties and constituents.
26193345	8	99	theme	responses	1608:1616	arg1	discrimination					1566:1579	discrimination	1566:1579	discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams	1566:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	9	100	theme	SPR	1731:1733	arg1	substrates					1735:1744	hydrophobic SPR substrates	1719:1744	hydrophobic SPR substrates	1719:1744	This methodology has been applied toward generating hybrid bilayer membranes on hydrophobic SPR substrates, demonstrating its versatility toward a range of surfaces and membrane geometries.
26193345	5	101	theme	characteristic	955:968	arg1	mobility					945:952	high lateral mobility	932:952	high lateral mobility	932:952	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
26193345	8	102	theme	SPRi	1621:1624	arg1	sensorgrams					1626:1636	SPRi sensorgrams	1621:1636	SPRi sensorgrams	1621:1636	Various protein-ganglioside interactions have been selected as a model system to illustrate discrimination of strong and weak binding responses in SPRi sensorgrams.
26193345	1	103	theme	complex	224:230	arg1	task					232:235	an arduous and complex task	209:235	an arduous and complex task	209:235	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	1	103	theme	complex	224:230	arg1	fabrication					115:125	The fabrication	111:125	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays	111:184	The fabrication of large-scale, solid-supported lipid bilayer (SLB) arrays has traditionally been an arduous and complex task, primarily due to the need to maintain SLBs within an aqueous environment.
26193345	5	104	theme	fluidic	973:979	arg1	membranes					996:1004	fluidic cellular lipid membranes	973:1004	fluidic cellular lipid membranes	973:1004	The resulting SLBs exhibit high lateral mobility, characteristic of fluidic cellular lipid membranes, and preserve the biological function of embedded cell membrane receptors, as indicated by SPR affinity measurements.
25769603	11	0	theme	normal	1563:1568	arg1	functions					1570:1578	the normal functions	1559:1578	the normal functions of these tissues	1559:1595	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	2	1	theme	green	489:493	arg1	water					503:507	green coconut water	489:507	green coconut water	489:507	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	1	theme	green	489:493	arg1	group					480:484	group 4	480:486	group 4	480:486	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	2	theme	mature	458:463	arg1	water					473:477	mature coconut water	458:477	mature coconut water	458:477	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	2	theme	mature	458:463	arg1	group					449:453	group 3	449:455	group 3	449:455	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	1	3	theme	study	128:132	arg1	purpose					112:118	The purpose	108:118	The purpose of this study	108:132	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	11	4	theme	coconut	1466:1472	arg1	water					1474:1478	coconut water	1466:1478	coconut water	1466:1478	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	2	5	theme	modified	523:530	arg1	group					514:518	group 5	514:520	group 5	514:520	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	5	theme	modified	523:530	arg1	water					546:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	1	6	theme	ovary	211:215	arg1	autotransplantations					227:246	spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations	203:246	spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations	203:246	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	7	7	theme	immunoglobulin	1014:1027	arg1	levels					1031:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	7	8	located	observed	1043:1050	arg1	animals					1090:1096	the animals	1086:1096	the animals of group 1	1086:1107	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	7	8	located	observed	1043:1050	arg2	levels					1031:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	7	8	located	observed	1043:1050	arg1	animals					1059:1065	the animals	1055:1065	the animals of group 5	1055:1076	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	11	9	theme	spleen	1516:1521	arg1	preservation					1496:1507	the preservation	1492:1507	the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours	1492:1552	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	9	10	theme	spleen	1286:1291	arg1	results					1306:1312	The spleen scintigraphy results	1282:1312	The spleen scintigraphy results	1282:1312	The spleen scintigraphy results did not differ among the groups.
25769603	0	11	theme	skin	67:70	arg1	preservation					32:43	the preservation	28:43	the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin	28:70	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplants in rats.
25769603	3	12	theme	coconut	575:581	arg1	solution					589:596	the green coconut water solution	565:596	the green coconut water solution	565:596	In group 5, the green coconut water solution was modified to obtain the same electrolyte composition as Belzer's solution.
25769603	8	13	theme	hormone	1146:1152	arg1	levels					1154:1159	follicle-stimulating hormone levels	1125:1159	follicle-stimulating hormone levels	1125:1159	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	10	14	theme	water	1409:1413	arg1	group					1415:1419	the mature coconut water group	1390:1419	the mature coconut water group (P < .007)	1390:1430	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	10	14	theme	water	1409:1413	arg1	<					1424:1424	P < .007	1422:1429	P < .007	1422:1429	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	3	15	theme	water	583:587	arg1	solution					589:596	the green coconut water solution	565:596	the green coconut water solution	565:596	In group 5, the green coconut water solution was modified to obtain the same electrolyte composition as Belzer's solution.
25769603	1	16	theme	coconut	166:172	arg1	water					174:178	coconut water	166:178	coconut water	166:178	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	6	17	theme	histological	976:987	arg1	analyses					989:996	histological analyses	976:996	histological analyses	976:996	The implanted tissues were collected for histological analyses.
25769603	4	18	theme	skin	703:706	arg1	fragment					708:715	a skin fragment	701:715	a skin fragment	701:715	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	7	19	theme	Higher	1007:1012	arg1	levels					1031:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	8	20	from	Differences	1110:1120	arg1	levels					1154:1159	follicle-stimulating hormone levels	1125:1159	follicle-stimulating hormone levels	1125:1159	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	1	21	dep	BACKGROUND	97:106	arg1	was					134:136	was	134:136	was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats	134:254	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	10	22	theme	ovarian	1351:1357	arg1	tissue					1359:1364	The ovarian tissue	1347:1364	The ovarian tissue	1347:1364	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	0	23	theme	water	8:12	arg1	solutions					14:22	Coconut water solutions	0:22	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin	0:70	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplants in rats.
25769603	3	24	theme	green	569:573	arg1	solution					589:596	the green coconut water solution	565:596	the green coconut water solution	565:596	In group 5, the green coconut water solution was modified to obtain the same electrolyte composition as Belzer's solution.
25769603	11	25	theme	ovaries	1524:1530	arg1	preservation					1496:1507	the preservation	1492:1507	the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours	1492:1552	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	4	26	theme	solutions	781:789	arg1	one					770:772	one	770:772	one	770:772	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	4	26	theme	solutions	781:789	arg1	solutions					781:789	the solutions	777:789	the solutions	777:789	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	2	27	theme	female	271:276	arg1	rats					285:288	Fifty female Wistar rats	265:288	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats	257:288	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	5	28	theme	spleen	898:903	arg1	scintigraphy					905:916	spleen scintigraphy	898:916	spleen scintigraphy	898:916	The recoveries of tissue functions were assessed 90 days after surgery by means of spleen scintigraphy and blood tests.
25769603	0	29	theme	Coconut	0:6	arg1	solutions					14:22	Coconut water solutions	0:22	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin	0:70	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplants in rats.
25769603	1	30	theme	skin	222:225	arg1	autotransplantations					227:246	spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations	203:246	spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations	203:246	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	2	31	theme	coconut	495:501	arg1	water					503:507	green coconut water	489:507	green coconut water	489:507	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	31	theme	coconut	495:501	arg1	group					480:484	group 4	480:486	group 4	480:486	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	32	theme	coconut	538:544	arg1	group					514:518	group 5	514:520	group 5	514:520	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	32	theme	coconut	538:544	arg1	water					546:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	4	33	attach	removed	722:728	arg2	spleen					680:685	The spleen	676:685	The spleen	676:685	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	4	33	attach	removed	722:728	arg1	animal					740:745	each animal	735:745	each animal	735:745	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	4	33	attach	removed	722:728	arg2	fragment					708:715	a skin fragment	701:715	a skin fragment	701:715	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	4	33	attach	removed	722:728	arg2	ovaries					688:694	ovaries	688:694	ovaries	688:694	The spleen, ovaries, and a skin fragment were removed from each animal, stored for 6 hours in one of the solutions, and then re-implanted.
25769603	2	34	theme	solutions	382:390	arg1	basis					333:337	the basis	329:337	the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions	329:390	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	1	35	theme	autotransplantations	227:246	arg1	preservation					187:198	the preservation	183:198	the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats	183:254	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	2	36	theme	green	532:536	arg1	group					514:518	group 5	514:520	group 5	514:520	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	36	theme	green	532:536	arg1	water					546:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	group					514:518	group 5	514:520	group 5	514:520	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	solution					439:446	Belzer's solution	430:446	Belzer's solution	430:446	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	group					393:397	group 1	393:399	group 1	393:399	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	water					473:477	mature coconut water	458:477	mature coconut water	458:477	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	group					421:425	group 2	421:427	group 2	421:427	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	water					503:507	green coconut water	489:507	green coconut water	489:507	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	group					449:453	group 3	449:455	group 3	449:455	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	group					480:484	group 4	480:486	group 4	480:486	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	water					546:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	modified green coconut water	523:550	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	37	dep	divided	295:301	arg1	Ringer					411:416	lactated Ringer's	402:418	lactated Ringer's	402:418	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	11	38	contain	containing	1455:1464	arg2	water					1474:1478	coconut water	1466:1478	coconut water	1466:1478	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	11	38	contain	containing	1455:1464	arg1	Solutions					1445:1453	CONCLUSIONS Solutions	1433:1453	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water	1433:1478	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	2	39	theme	graft	363:367	arg1	solutions					382:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	40	theme	preservation	369:380	arg1	solutions					382:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	11	41	theme	tissues	1589:1595	arg1	functions					1570:1578	the normal functions	1559:1578	the normal functions of these tissues	1559:1595	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	6	42	theme	implanted	939:947	arg1	tissues					949:955	The implanted tissues	935:955	The implanted tissues	935:955	The implanted tissues were collected for histological analyses.
25769603	2	43	theme	tissue	356:361	arg1	solutions					382:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	8	44	theme	=	1274:1274	arg1	P					1272:1272	P = .01	1272:1278	P = .01	1272:1278	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	8	44	theme	=	1274:1274	arg1	groups					1256:1261	groups 5 and 2	1256:1269	groups	1256:1261	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	2	45	theme	following	346:354	arg1	solutions					382:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	the following tissue graft preservation solutions	342:390	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	9	46	theme	scintigraphy	1293:1304	arg1	results					1306:1312	The spleen scintigraphy results	1282:1312	The spleen scintigraphy results	1282:1312	The spleen scintigraphy results did not differ among the groups.
25769603	1	47	theme	water	174:178	arg1	efficacy					154:161	the efficacy	150:161	the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats	150:254	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	2	48	theme	lactated	402:409	arg1	Ringer					411:416	lactated Ringer's	402:418	lactated Ringer's	402:418	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	3	49	theme	same	625:628	arg1	composition					642:652	the same electrolyte composition	621:652	the same electrolyte composition	621:652	In group 5, the green coconut water solution was modified to obtain the same electrolyte composition as Belzer's solution.
25769603	5	50	dep	days	867:870	arg1	surgery					878:884	surgery	878:884	surgery	878:884	The recoveries of tissue functions were assessed 90 days after surgery by means of spleen scintigraphy and blood tests.
25769603	0	51	theme	spleen	48:53	arg1	preservation					32:43	the preservation	28:43	the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin	28:70	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplants in rats.
25769603	3	52	theme	electrolyte	630:640	arg1	composition					642:652	the same electrolyte composition	621:652	the same electrolyte composition	621:652	In group 5, the green coconut water solution was modified to obtain the same electrolyte composition as Belzer's solution.
25769603	5	53	theme	tissue	833:838	arg1	functions					840:848	tissue functions	833:848	tissue functions	833:848	The recoveries of tissue functions were assessed 90 days after surgery by means of spleen scintigraphy and blood tests.
25769603	2	54	dep	METHODS	257:263	arg1	rats					285:288	Fifty female Wistar rats	265:288	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats	257:288	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	10	55	theme	P	1422:1422	arg1	group					1415:1419	the mature coconut water group	1390:1419	the mature coconut water group (P < .007)	1390:1430	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	10	55	theme	P	1422:1422	arg1	<					1424:1424	P < .007	1422:1429	P < .007	1422:1429	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	5	56	theme	functions	840:848	arg1	recoveries					819:828	The recoveries	815:828	The recoveries of tissue functions	815:848	The recoveries of tissue functions were assessed 90 days after surgery by means of spleen scintigraphy and blood tests.
25769603	7	57	theme	G	1029:1029	arg1	levels					1031:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels	999:1036	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	10	58	theme	coconut	1401:1407	arg1	group					1415:1419	the mature coconut water group	1390:1419	the mature coconut water group (P < .007)	1390:1430	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	10	58	theme	coconut	1401:1407	arg1	<					1424:1424	P < .007	1422:1429	P < .007	1422:1429	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	11	59	theme	skin	1537:1540	arg1	preservation					1496:1507	the preservation	1492:1507	the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours	1492:1552	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	2	60	theme	coconut	465:471	arg1	water					473:477	mature coconut water	458:477	mature coconut water	458:477	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	2	60	theme	coconut	465:471	arg1	group					449:453	group 3	449:455	group 3	449:455	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	10	61	theme	mature	1394:1399	arg1	group					1415:1419	the mature coconut water group	1390:1419	the mature coconut water group (P < .007)	1390:1430	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	10	61	theme	mature	1394:1399	arg1	<					1424:1424	P < .007	1422:1429	P < .007	1422:1429	The ovarian tissue was better preserved in the mature coconut water group (P < .007).
25769603	1	62	from	preservation	187:198	arg1	rats					251:254	rats	251:254	rats	251:254	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	2	63	theme	Wistar	278:283	arg1	rats					285:288	Fifty female Wistar rats	265:288	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats	257:288	METHODS Fifty female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups on the basis of the following tissue graft preservation solutions: group 1, lactated Ringer's; group 2, Belzer's solution; group 3, mature coconut water; group 4, green coconut water; and group 5, modified green coconut water.
25769603	8	64	theme	follicle-stimulating	1125:1144	arg1	levels					1154:1159	follicle-stimulating hormone levels	1125:1159	follicle-stimulating hormone levels	1125:1159	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	11	65	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1433:1443	arg1	Solutions					1445:1453	CONCLUSIONS Solutions	1433:1453	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water	1433:1478	CONCLUSIONS Solutions containing coconut water allowed for the preservation of the spleen, ovaries, and skin for 6 hours, and the normal functions of these tissues were maintained in rats.
25769603	0	66	theme	ovary	56:60	arg1	preservation					32:43	the preservation	28:43	the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin	28:70	Coconut water solutions for the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplants in rats.
25769603	8	67	theme	=	1236:1236	arg1	P					1234:1234	P = .03	1234:1240	P = .03	1234:1240	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	8	67	theme	=	1236:1236	arg1	groups					1218:1223	groups 4 and 2	1218:1231	groups	1218:1223	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	1	68	from	efficacy	154:161	arg1	preservation					187:198	the preservation	183:198	the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats	183:254	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
25769603	8	69	theme	P	1199:1199	arg1	groups					1183:1188	groups 1 and 2	1183:1196	groups	1183:1188	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	8	69	theme	P	1199:1199	arg1	<					1201:1201	P < .001	1199:1206	P < .001	1199:1206	Differences in follicle-stimulating hormone levels were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P < .001), between groups 4 and 2 (P = .03), and between groups 5 and 2 (P = .01).
25769603	7	70	theme	group	1101:1105	arg1	animals					1090:1096	the animals	1086:1096	the animals of group 1	1086:1107	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	5	71	theme	blood	922:926	arg1	tests					928:932	blood tests	922:932	blood tests	922:932	The recoveries of tissue functions were assessed 90 days after surgery by means of spleen scintigraphy and blood tests.
25769603	7	72	theme	group	1070:1074	arg1	animals					1059:1065	the animals	1055:1065	the animals of group 5	1055:1076	RESULTS Higher immunoglobulin G levels were observed in the animals of group 5 than in the animals of group 1.
25769603	1	73	theme	spleen	203:208	arg1	autotransplantations					227:246	spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations	203:246	spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations	203:246	BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coconut water in the preservation of spleen, ovary, and skin autotransplantations in rats.
27216494	4	0	theme	liver	588:592	arg1	metabolism					594:603	liver metabolism	588:603	liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding	588:681	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	10	1	theme	HP-St	1723:1727	arg1	diet					1729:1732	HP-St diet	1723:1732	HP-St diet	1723:1732	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	2	2	theme	mechanisms	348:357	arg1	activation					292:301	the activation	288:301	the activation of behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	288:357	Adaptation to starvation is possible through the activation of behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms.
27216494	5	3	theme	corresponding	1027:1039	arg1	diet					1041:1044	the corresponding diet	1023:1044	the corresponding diet	1023:1044	Four groups of fish were fed 3 weeks to satiety with the corresponding diet, starved for 2 weeks and then refeed 5 weeks to satiety on the same diet.
27216494	4	4	theme	10 	831:833	arg1	%					834:834	%	834:834	%	834:834	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	5	5	from	5 weeks	1083:1089	arg1	diet					1114:1117	the same diet	1105:1117	the same diet	1105:1117	Four groups of fish were fed 3 weeks to satiety with the corresponding diet, starved for 2 weeks and then refeed 5 weeks to satiety on the same diet.
27216494	4	6	theme	%	927:927	arg1	protein					929:935	44 % protein	924:935	44 % protein	924:935	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	6	theme	%	927:927	arg1	carbohydrate					955:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	6	theme	%	927:927	arg1	lipid					943:947	16 % lipid	938:947	16 % lipid	938:947	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	10	7	theme	dietary	1756:1762	arg1	carbohydrates					1764:1776	dietary carbohydrates	1756:1776	dietary carbohydrates	1756:1776	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	10	8	from	refeeding	1710:1718	arg1	diet					1729:1732	HP-St diet	1723:1732	HP-St diet	1723:1732	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	7	9	theme	protein	1287:1293	arg1	LP-L					1312:1315	LP-L	1312:1315	LP-L	1312:1315	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	7	9	theme	protein	1287:1293	arg1	LP-St					1302:1306	LP-St	1302:1306	LP-St	1302:1306	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	7	9	theme	protein	1287:1293	arg1	diets					1295:1299	low protein diets	1283:1299	low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L)	1283:1316	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	10	10	theme	diet	1551:1554	arg1	composition					1556:1566	diet composition	1551:1566	diet composition	1551:1566	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	4	11	theme	44 	817:819	arg1	%					820:820	%	820:820	%	820:820	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	7	12	theme	dismutase	1232:1240	arg1	activity					1242:1249	superoxide dismutase activity	1221:1249	superoxide dismutase activity	1221:1249	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	9	13	theme	greatest	1464:1471	arg1	performance					1480:1490	the greatest growth performance	1460:1490	the greatest growth performance	1460:1490	Refeeding the starved fish on the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance.
27216494	10	14	from	effect	1541:1546	arg1	growth					1571:1576	growth	1571:1576	growth	1571:1576	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	10	14	from	effect	1541:1546	arg1	composition					1585:1595	liver composition	1579:1595	liver composition	1579:1595	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	10	14	from	effect	1541:1546	arg1	activities					1613:1622	antioxidant activities	1601:1622	antioxidant activities	1601:1622	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	6	15	theme	lipid	1153:1157	arg1	store					1159:1163	the hepatic lipid store	1141:1163	the hepatic lipid store	1141:1163	Starvation mobilized the hepatic lipid store to a greater extent than glycogen.
27216494	4	16	dep	LP-St	757:761	arg1	lipid					783:787	12 % lipid	778:787	12 % lipid	778:787	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	16	dep	LP-St	757:761	arg1	carbohydrate					795:806	36 % carbohydrate	790:806	36 % carbohydrate	790:806	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	16	dep	LP-St	757:761	arg1	protein					769:775	38 % protein	764:775	38 % protein	764:775	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	17	theme	%	953:953	arg1	carbohydrate					955:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	17	theme	%	953:953	arg1	protein					929:935	44 % protein	924:935	44 % protein	924:935	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	18	dep	LP-L	863:866	arg1	lipid					888:892	18 % lipid	883:892	18 % lipid	883:892	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	18	dep	LP-L	863:866	arg1	carbohydrate					900:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	18	dep	LP-L	863:866	arg1	protein					874:880	38 % protein	869:880	38 % protein	869:880	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	3	19	from	Knowledge	360:368	arg1	metabolism					425:434	the intermediary metabolism	408:434	the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding	408:466	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	0	20	theme	composition	15:25	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)	0:148	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	1	21	theme	fish	194:197	arg1	species					199:205	Many fish species	189:205	Many fish species	189:205	Many fish species undergo natural starvation periods.
27216494	10	22	theme	first	1526:1530	arg1	time					1532:1535	the first time	1522:1535	the first time	1522:1535	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	4	23	theme	nutrient	721:728	arg1	composition					730:740	nutrient composition	721:740	nutrient composition	721:740	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	10	24	theme	sparing	1800:1806	arg1	effect					1808:1813	a protein sparing effect	1790:1813	a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon	1790:1834	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	10	25	theme	antioxidant	1601:1611	arg1	activities					1613:1622	antioxidant activities	1601:1622	antioxidant activities	1601:1622	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	9	26	theme	growth	1473:1478	arg1	performance					1480:1490	the greatest growth performance	1460:1490	the greatest growth performance	1460:1490	Refeeding the starved fish on the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance.
27216494	4	27	theme	30 	843:845	arg1	%					846:846	%	846:846	%	846:846	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	28	dep	designed	747:754	arg1	LP-St					757:761	LP-St	757:761	LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate)	757:807	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	28	dep	designed	747:754	arg1	LP-L					863:866	LP-L	863:866	LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate)	863:912	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	28	dep	designed	747:754	arg1	HP-St					810:814	HP-St	810:814	HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate)	810:860	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	28	dep	designed	747:754	arg1	HP-L					918:921	HP-L	918:921	HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate)	918:967	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	10	29	from	growth	1571:1576	arg1	sturgeon					1636:1643	Siberian sturgeon	1627:1643	Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding	1627:1681	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	0	30	from	activities	85:94	arg1	sturgeon					108:115	Siberian sturgeon	99:115	Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)	99:148	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	4	31	theme	isoenergetic	689:700	arg1	diets					702:706	four isoenergetic diets	684:706	four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition	684:740	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	5	32	theme	same	1109:1112	arg1	diet					1114:1117	the same diet	1105:1117	the same diet	1105:1117	Four groups of fish were fed 3 weeks to satiety with the corresponding diet, starved for 2 weeks and then refeed 5 weeks to satiety on the same diet.
27216494	0	33	theme	hepatic	50:56	arg1	metabolism					58:67	hepatic metabolism	50:67	hepatic metabolism	50:67	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	34	theme	diet	10:13	arg1	composition					15:25	diet composition	10:25	diet composition	10:25	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	4	35	theme	%	886:886	arg1	lipid					888:892	18 % lipid	883:892	18 % lipid	883:892	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	35	theme	%	886:886	arg1	protein					874:880	38 % protein	869:880	38 % protein	869:880	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	0	36	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	performance					37:47	growth performance	30:47	growth performance	30:47	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	36	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	metabolism					58:67	hepatic metabolism	50:67	hepatic metabolism	50:67	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	36	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	activities					85:94	antioxidant activities	73:94	antioxidant activities	73:94	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	4	37	theme	%	767:767	arg1	lipid					783:787	12 % lipid	778:787	12 % lipid	778:787	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	37	theme	%	767:767	arg1	carbohydrate					795:806	36 % carbohydrate	790:806	36 % carbohydrate	790:806	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	37	theme	%	767:767	arg1	protein					769:775	38 % protein	764:775	38 % protein	764:775	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	6	38	theme	greater	1170:1176	arg1	extent					1178:1183	a greater extent	1168:1183	a greater extent than glycogen	1168:1197	Starvation mobilized the hepatic lipid store to a greater extent than glycogen.
27216494	10	39	from	activities	1613:1622	arg1	sturgeon					1636:1643	Siberian sturgeon	1627:1643	Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding	1627:1681	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	4	40	theme	%	872:872	arg1	lipid					888:892	18 % lipid	883:892	18 % lipid	883:892	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	40	theme	%	872:872	arg1	carbohydrate					900:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	40	theme	%	872:872	arg1	protein					874:880	38 % protein	869:880	38 % protein	869:880	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	0	41	from	performance	37:47	arg1	sturgeon					108:115	Siberian sturgeon	99:115	Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)	99:148	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	42	theme	Siberian	99:106	arg1	sturgeon					108:115	Siberian sturgeon	99:115	Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)	99:148	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	7	43	dep	diets	1295:1299	arg1	LP-L					1312:1315	LP-L	1312:1315	LP-L	1312:1315	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	7	43	dep	diets	1295:1299	arg1	LP-St					1302:1306	LP-St	1302:1306	LP-St	1302:1306	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	7	43	dep	diets	1295:1299	arg1	diets					1295:1299	low protein diets	1283:1299	low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L)	1283:1316	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	10	44	from	effect	1808:1813	arg1	sturgeon					1827:1834	Siberian sturgeon	1818:1834	Siberian sturgeon	1818:1834	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	9	45	from	fish	1428:1431	arg1	diet					1446:1449	the HP-St diet	1436:1449	the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance	1436:1490	Refeeding the starved fish on the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance.
27216494	4	46	from	effect	557:562	arg1	metabolism					594:603	liver metabolism	588:603	liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding	588:681	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	47	theme	dietary	567:573	arg1	nutrients					575:583	dietary nutrients	567:583	dietary nutrients	567:583	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	48	theme	%	793:793	arg1	protein					769:775	38 % protein	764:775	38 % protein	764:775	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	48	theme	%	793:793	arg1	carbohydrate					795:806	36 % carbohydrate	790:806	36 % carbohydrate	790:806	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	9	49	theme	starved	1420:1426	arg1	fish					1428:1431	the starved fish	1416:1431	the starved fish on the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance	1416:1490	Refeeding the starved fish on the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance.
27216494	4	50	theme	%	898:898	arg1	protein					874:880	38 % protein	869:880	38 % protein	869:880	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	50	theme	%	898:898	arg1	carbohydrate					900:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	2	51	theme	physiological	334:346	arg1	mechanisms					348:357	behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	306:357	behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	306:357	Adaptation to starvation is possible through the activation of behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms.
27216494	4	52	theme	16 	938:940	arg1	%					941:941	%	941:941	%	941:941	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	53	theme	%	781:781	arg1	lipid					783:787	12 % lipid	778:787	12 % lipid	778:787	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	53	theme	%	781:781	arg1	protein					769:775	38 % protein	764:775	38 % protein	764:775	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	2	54	theme	biochemical	318:328	arg1	mechanisms					348:357	behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	306:357	behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	306:357	Adaptation to starvation is possible through the activation of behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms.
27216494	9	55	theme	HP-St	1440:1444	arg1	diet					1446:1449	the HP-St diet	1436:1449	the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance	1436:1490	Refeeding the starved fish on the HP-St diet promoted the greatest growth performance.
27216494	4	56	theme	Siberian	608:615	arg1	sturgeon					617:624	Siberian sturgeon	608:624	Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding	608:681	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	56	theme	Siberian	608:615	arg1	baerii					637:642	Acipenser baerii	627:642	Acipenser baerii	627:642	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	3	57	theme	aquaculture	518:528	arg1	production					530:539	aquaculture production	518:539	aquaculture production	518:539	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	1	58	theme	natural	215:221	arg1	periods					234:240	natural starvation periods	215:240	natural starvation periods	215:240	Many fish species undergo natural starvation periods.
27216494	3	59	theme	nutrients	395:403	arg1	effect					377:382	the effect	373:382	the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding	373:466	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	4	60	theme	44 	924:926	arg1	protein					929:935	44 % protein	924:935	44 % protein	924:935	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	60	theme	44 	924:926	arg1	carbohydrate					955:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	60	theme	44 	924:926	arg1	lipid					943:947	16 % lipid	938:947	16 % lipid	938:947	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	61	theme	%	820:820	arg1	protein					822:828	44 % protein	817:828	44 % protein	817:828	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	61	theme	%	820:820	arg1	lipid					836:840	10 % lipid	831:840	10 % lipid	831:840	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	61	theme	%	820:820	arg1	carbohydrate					848:859	30 % carbohydrate	843:859	30 % carbohydrate	843:859	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	7	62	theme	low	1283:1285	arg1	LP-L					1312:1315	LP-L	1312:1315	LP-L	1312:1315	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	7	62	theme	low	1283:1285	arg1	LP-St					1302:1306	LP-St	1302:1306	LP-St	1302:1306	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	7	62	theme	low	1283:1285	arg1	diets					1295:1299	low protein diets	1283:1299	low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L)	1283:1316	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	3	63	theme	fish	493:496	arg1	health					498:503	fish health	493:503	fish health	493:503	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	4	64	dep	HP-L	918:921	arg1	protein					929:935	44 % protein	924:935	44 % protein	924:935	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	64	dep	HP-L	918:921	arg1	carbohydrate					955:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	22 % carbohydrate	950:966	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	64	dep	HP-L	918:921	arg1	lipid					943:947	16 % lipid	938:947	16 % lipid	938:947	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	10	65	theme	composition	1556:1566	arg1	effect					1541:1546	the effect	1537:1546	the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding	1537:1681	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	2	66	theme	behavioral	306:315	arg1	mechanisms					348:357	behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	306:357	behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms	306:357	Adaptation to starvation is possible through the activation of behavioral, biochemical and physiological mechanisms.
27216494	4	67	theme	22 	950:952	arg1	%					953:953	%	953:953	%	953:953	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	0	68	theme	Acipenser	118:126	arg1	baerii					128:133	Acipenser baerii	118:133	Acipenser baerii	118:133	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	68	theme	Acipenser	118:126	arg1	1869					144:147	1869	144:147	1869	144:147	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	68	theme	Acipenser	118:126	arg1	Brandt					136:141	Brandt	136:141	Brandt	136:141	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	10	69	theme	liver	1579:1583	arg1	composition					1585:1595	liver composition	1579:1595	liver composition	1579:1595	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	4	70	theme	%	846:846	arg1	carbohydrate					848:859	30 % carbohydrate	843:859	30 % carbohydrate	843:859	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	70	theme	%	846:846	arg1	protein					822:828	44 % protein	817:828	44 % protein	817:828	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	7	71	theme	superoxide	1221:1230	arg1	dismutase					1232:1240	superoxide dismutase	1221:1240	superoxide dismutase activity	1221:1249	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	10	72	theme	carbohydrates	1764:1776	arg1	use					1749:1751	the use	1745:1751	the use of dietary carbohydrates	1745:1776	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	6	73	theme	hepatic	1145:1151	arg1	store					1159:1163	the hepatic lipid store	1141:1163	the hepatic lipid store	1141:1163	Starvation mobilized the hepatic lipid store to a greater extent than glycogen.
27216494	10	74	theme	Siberian	1627:1634	arg1	sturgeon					1636:1643	Siberian sturgeon	1627:1643	Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding	1627:1681	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	1	75	theme	Many	189:192	arg1	species					199:205	Many fish species	189:205	Many fish species	189:205	Many fish species undergo natural starvation periods.
27216494	0	76	from	metabolism	58:67	arg1	sturgeon					108:115	Siberian sturgeon	99:115	Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869)	99:148	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	4	77	theme	%	834:834	arg1	protein					822:828	44 % protein	817:828	44 % protein	817:828	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	77	theme	%	834:834	arg1	lipid					836:840	10 % lipid	831:840	10 % lipid	831:840	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	10	78	theme	protein	1792:1798	arg1	effect					1808:1813	a protein sparing effect	1790:1813	a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon	1790:1834	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	10	79	theme	Siberian	1818:1825	arg1	sturgeon					1827:1834	Siberian sturgeon	1818:1834	Siberian sturgeon	1818:1834	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	0	80	theme	antioxidant	73:83	arg1	activities					85:94	antioxidant activities	73:94	antioxidant activities	73:94	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	4	81	theme	18 	883:885	arg1	%					886:886	%	886:886	%	886:886	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	0	82	dep	sturgeon	108:115	arg1	baerii					128:133	Acipenser baerii	118:133	Acipenser baerii	118:133	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	82	dep	sturgeon	108:115	arg1	1869					144:147	1869	144:147	1869	144:147	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	0	82	dep	sturgeon	108:115	arg1	Brandt					136:141	Brandt	136:141	Brandt	136:141	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	10	83	from	composition	1585:1595	arg1	sturgeon					1636:1643	Siberian sturgeon	1627:1643	Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding	1627:1681	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	4	84	theme	38 	764:766	arg1	%					767:767	%	767:767	%	767:767	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	3	85	from	effect	377:382	arg1	metabolism					425:434	the intermediary metabolism	408:434	the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding	408:466	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	4	86	theme	38 	869:871	arg1	lipid					888:892	18 % lipid	883:892	18 % lipid	883:892	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	86	theme	38 	869:871	arg1	carbohydrate					900:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	25 % carbohydrate	895:911	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	86	theme	38 	869:871	arg1	protein					874:880	38 % protein	869:880	38 % protein	869:880	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	8	87	theme	oxidative	1351:1359	arg1	damage					1361:1366	The oxidative damage	1347:1366	The oxidative damage	1347:1366	The oxidative damage decreased after 5 weeks of refeeding.
27216494	3	88	theme	dietary	387:393	arg1	nutrients					395:403	dietary nutrients	387:403	dietary nutrients	387:403	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	10	89	dep	reporting	1508:1516	arg1	addition					1496:1503	addition	1496:1503	addition	1496:1503	In addition to reporting for the first time the effect of diet composition on growth, liver composition and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon submitted to starvation and refeeding, our findings suggest that refeeding on HP-St diet stimulated the use of dietary carbohydrates and allowed a protein sparing effect in Siberian sturgeon.
27216494	4	90	dep	HP-St	810:814	arg1	protein					822:828	44 % protein	817:828	44 % protein	817:828	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	90	dep	HP-St	810:814	arg1	lipid					836:840	10 % lipid	831:840	10 % lipid	831:840	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	90	dep	HP-St	810:814	arg1	carbohydrate					848:859	30 % carbohydrate	843:859	30 % carbohydrate	843:859	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	3	91	theme	effect	377:382	arg1	Knowledge					360:368	Knowledge	360:368	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding	360:466	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	4	92	theme	nutrients	575:583	arg1	effect					557:562	the effect	553:562	the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding	553:681	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	0	93	theme	growth	30:35	arg1	performance					37:47	growth performance	30:47	growth performance	30:47	Effect of diet composition on growth performance, hepatic metabolism and antioxidant activities in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) submitted to starvation and refeeding.
27216494	3	94	theme	intermediary	412:423	arg1	metabolism					425:434	the intermediary metabolism	408:434	the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding	408:466	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	8	95	theme	refeeding	1395:1403	arg1	5 weeks					1384:1390	5 weeks	1384:1390	5 weeks of refeeding	1384:1403	The oxidative damage decreased after 5 weeks of refeeding.
27216494	4	96	theme	36 	790:792	arg1	%					793:793	%	793:793	%	793:793	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	5	97	theme	fish	985:988	arg1	fish					985:988	fish	985:988	fish	985:988	Four groups of fish were fed 3 weeks to satiety with the corresponding diet, starved for 2 weeks and then refeed 5 weeks to satiety on the same diet.
27216494	5	97	theme	fish	985:988	arg1	groups					975:980	Four groups	970:980	Four groups of fish	970:988	Four groups of fish were fed 3 weeks to satiety with the corresponding diet, starved for 2 weeks and then refeed 5 weeks to satiety on the same diet.
27216494	4	98	theme	25 	895:897	arg1	%					898:898	%	898:898	%	898:898	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	7	99	theme	catalase	1328:1335	arg1	activity					1337:1344	catalase activity	1328:1344	catalase activity	1328:1344	Starvation increased superoxide dismutase activity irrespective of the diet, while low protein diets (LP-St and LP-L) increased catalase activity.
27216494	4	100	theme	sturgeon	617:624	arg1	metabolism					594:603	liver metabolism	588:603	liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding	588:681	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	101	theme	12 	778:780	arg1	%					781:781	%	781:781	%	781:781	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	3	102	from	metabolism	425:434	arg1	Knowledge					360:368	Knowledge	360:368	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding	360:466	Knowledge of the effect of dietary nutrients on the intermediary metabolism during starvation and refeeding can be useful to improve fish health and optimize aquaculture production.
27216494	4	103	theme	%	941:941	arg1	protein					929:935	44 % protein	924:935	44 % protein	924:935	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	103	theme	%	941:941	arg1	lipid					943:947	16 % lipid	938:947	16 % lipid	938:947	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	104	theme	Acipenser	627:635	arg1	sturgeon					617:624	Siberian sturgeon	608:624	Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding	608:681	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	4	104	theme	Acipenser	627:635	arg1	baerii					637:642	Acipenser baerii	627:642	Acipenser baerii	627:642	To analyze the effect of dietary nutrients on liver metabolism of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) submitted to starvation and refeeding, four isoenergetic diets differing in nutrient composition were designed: LP-St (38 % protein, 12 % lipid, 36 % carbohydrate), HP-St (44 % protein, 10 % lipid, 30 % carbohydrate), LP-L (38 % protein, 18 % lipid, 25 % carbohydrate) and HP-L (44 % protein, 16 % lipid, 22 % carbohydrate).
27216494	1	105	theme	starvation	223:232	arg1	periods					234:240	natural starvation periods	215:240	natural starvation periods	215:240	Many fish species undergo natural starvation periods.
25662060	8	0	theme	BARC	1454:1457	arg1	events					1468:1473	major BARC bleeding events	1448:1473	major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups	1448:1502	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	10	1	theme	LMWH-bridging	1730:1742	arg1	therapy					1744:1750	LMWH-bridging therapy	1730:1750	LMWH-bridging therapy	1730:1750	LMWH-bridging therapy appeared harmful in this subset of patient on oral anticoagulation.
25662060	1	2	from	fibrillation	348:359	arg1	anticoagulation					374:388	oral anticoagulation	369:388	oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	369:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	4	3	theme	events	836:841	arg1	events					836:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events	808:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	808:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	3	theme	events	836:841	arg1	composite					795:803	a composite	793:803	: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	700:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	4	theme	primary	678:684	arg1	endpoints					686:694	The primary endpoints	674:694	The primary endpoints	674:694	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	4	theme	primary	678:684	arg1	complications					714:726	bleeding complications	705:726	: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	700:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	0	5	with	intervention	121:132	arg1	implantation					145:156	stent implantation	139:156	stent implantation	139:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	1	6	theme	Recent	187:192	arg1	reports					194:200	BACKGROUND Recent reports	176:200	BACKGROUND Recent reports	176:200	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	7	7	dep	%	1238:1238	arg1	p=0.006					1250:1256	p=0.006	1250:1256	p=0.006	1250:1256	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	9	8	from	CONCLUSIONS	1505:1515	arg1	population					1556:1565	this large, prospective, real-world population	1520:1565	this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT	1520:1631	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	1	9	theme	coronary	414:421	arg1	PCI					437:439	PCI	437:439	PCI	437:439	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	1	9	theme	coronary	414:421	arg1	intervention					423:434	percutaneous coronary intervention	401:434	percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	401:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	3	10	theme	METHODS	578:584	arg1	AFCAS					586:590	METHODS AFCAS	578:590	METHODS AFCAS	578:590	METHODS AFCAS is a multicenter, prospective registry enrolling patients with AF undergoing PCI.
25662060	3	10	theme	METHODS	578:584	arg1	multicenter					597:607	a multicenter	595:607	a multicenter	595:607	METHODS AFCAS is a multicenter, prospective registry enrolling patients with AF undergoing PCI.
25662060	9	11	theme	large	1525:1529	arg1	population					1556:1565	this large, prospective, real-world population	1520:1565	this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT	1520:1631	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	2	12	from	patients	510:517	arg1	bleeding					472:479	bleeding	472:479	bleeding	472:479	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	5	13	theme	bridging	1015:1022	arg1	n=165					1033:1037	n=165	1033:1037	n=165	1033:1037	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	13	theme	bridging	1015:1022	arg1	LMWH-TT					1024:1030	bridging LMWH-TT	1015:1030	bridging LMWH-TT (n=165)	1015:1038	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	3	14	theme	prospective	610:620	arg1	multicenter					597:607	a multicenter	595:607	a multicenter	595:607	METHODS AFCAS is a multicenter, prospective registry enrolling patients with AF undergoing PCI.
25662060	3	14	theme	prospective	610:620	arg1	registry					622:629	prospective registry	610:629	prospective registry enrolling patients with AF undergoing PCI	610:671	METHODS AFCAS is a multicenter, prospective registry enrolling patients with AF undergoing PCI.
25662060	1	15	theme	bridging	230:237	arg1	therapy					239:245	bridging therapy	230:245	bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)	230:286	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	6	16	contain	had	1061:1063	arg2	hypertension					1105:1116	hypertension	1105:1116	hypertension	1105:1116	Patients on LMWH-TT had more often diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension compared to those on VKA-TT.
25662060	6	16	contain	had	1061:1063	arg2	failure					1092:1098	heart failure	1086:1098	heart failure	1086:1098	Patients on LMWH-TT had more often diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension compared to those on VKA-TT.
25662060	6	16	contain	had	1061:1063	arg1	Patients					1041:1048	Patients	1041:1048	Patients on LMWH-TT	1041:1059	Patients on LMWH-TT had more often diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension compared to those on VKA-TT.
25662060	6	16	contain	had	1061:1063	arg2	diabetes					1076:1083	diabetes	1076:1083	diabetes	1076:1083	Patients on LMWH-TT had more often diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension compared to those on VKA-TT.
25662060	7	17	theme	MACCE	1227:1231	arg1	rates					1151:1155	The rates	1147:1155	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006)	1147:1257	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	17	theme	MACCE	1227:1231	arg1	higher					1264:1269	higher	1264:1269	higher	1264:1269	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	2	18	from	registry	534:541	arg1	patients					510:517	patients	510:517	patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT)	510:575	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	8	19	dep	month	1487:1491	arg1	12					1484:1485	12	1484:1485	12	1484:1485	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	8	19	dep	month	1487:1491	arg1	3					1478:1478	3	1478:1478	3	1478:1478	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	20	theme	research	764:771	arg1	BARC					783:786	BARC	783:786	BARC	783:786	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	20	theme	research	764:771	arg1	criteria					773:780	the bleeding academic research criteria	742:780	the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC)	742:787	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	2	21	theme	AFCAS	528:532	arg1	registry					534:541	the AFCAS registry	524:541	the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT)	524:575	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	4	22	dep	follow-ups	869:878	arg1	month					863:867	month	863:867	month	863:867	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	9	23	with	patients	1570:1577	arg1	AF					1584:1585	AF	1584:1585	AF	1584:1585	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	4	24	theme	bleeding	705:712	arg1	endpoints					686:694	The primary endpoints	674:694	The primary endpoints	674:694	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	24	theme	bleeding	705:712	arg1	complications					714:726	bleeding complications	705:726	: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	700:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	0	25	theme	atrial	68:73	arg1	fibrillation					75:86	atrial fibrillation	68:86	atrial fibrillation	68:86	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	10	26	from	subset	1777:1782	arg1	anticoagulation					1803:1817	oral anticoagulation	1798:1817	oral anticoagulation	1798:1817	LMWH-bridging therapy appeared harmful in this subset of patient on oral anticoagulation.
25662060	2	27	theme	triple	557:562	arg1	TT					573:574	TT	573:574	TT	573:574	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	2	27	theme	triple	557:562	arg1	therapy					564:570	triple therapy	557:570	triple therapy (TT)	557:575	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	1	28	theme	oral	369:372	arg1	anticoagulation					374:388	oral anticoagulation	369:388	oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	369:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	0	29	from	heparin	43:49	arg1	patients					54:61	patients	54:61	patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation	54:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	5	30	dep	RESULTS	881:887	arg1	patients					927:934	Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients	889:934	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients	881:934	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	0	31	theme	coronary	112:119	arg1	intervention					121:132	percutaneous coronary intervention	99:132	percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation	99:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	4	32	theme	bleeding	746:753	arg1	BARC					783:786	BARC	783:786	BARC	783:786	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	32	theme	bleeding	746:753	arg1	criteria					773:780	the bleeding academic research criteria	742:780	the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC)	742:787	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	8	33	theme	multivariate	1349:1360	arg1	model					1373:1377	a Cox multivariate regression model	1343:1377	a Cox multivariate regression model	1343:1377	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	8	34	from	follow-ups	1493:1502	arg1	events					1468:1473	major BARC bleeding events	1448:1473	major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups	1448:1502	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	35	dep	complications	714:726	arg1	defined					731:737	defined	731:737	defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC)	731:787	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	35	dep	complications	714:726	arg1	1					702:702	1	702:702	1	702:702	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	35	dep	complications	714:726	arg1	composite					795:803	a composite	793:803	: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	700:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	35	dep	complications	714:726	arg1	events					836:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events	808:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	808:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	0	36	theme	molecular	26:34	arg1	heparin					43:49	low molecular weight heparin	22:49	low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation	22:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	5	37	theme	K	982:982	arg1	VKA-TT					996:1001	VKA-TT	996:1001	VKA-TT	996:1001	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	37	theme	K	982:982	arg1	n=498					1005:1009	n=498	1005:1009	n=498	1005:1009	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	37	theme	K	982:982	arg1	antagonist					984:993	oral vitamin K antagonist	969:993	oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498)	969:1010	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	2	38	theme	thromboembolic	485:498	arg1	events					500:505	thromboembolic events	485:505	thromboembolic events	485:505	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	6	39	from	Patients	1041:1048	arg1	LMWH-TT					1053:1059	LMWH-TT	1053:1059	LMWH-TT	1053:1059	Patients on LMWH-TT had more often diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension compared to those on VKA-TT.
25662060	1	40	theme	atrial	341:346	arg1	AF					362:363	AF	362:363	AF	362:363	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	1	40	theme	atrial	341:346	arg1	fibrillation					348:359	atrial fibrillation	341:359	atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	341:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	7	41	theme	months	1322:1327	arg1	follow-up					1329:1337	3 months follow-up	1320:1337	3 months follow-up	1320:1337	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	9	42	theme	major	1669:1673	arg1	bleeds					1675:1680	major bleeds	1669:1680	major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT	1669:1727	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	8	43	theme	analysis	1408:1415	arg1	LMWH-TT					1417:1423	matched analysis LMWH-TT	1400:1423	matched analysis LMWH-TT	1400:1423	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	1	44	theme	low-molecular-weight	252:271	arg1	LMWH					282:285	LMWH	282:285	LMWH	282:285	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	1	44	theme	low-molecular-weight	252:271	arg1	heparin					273:279	low-molecular-weight heparin	252:279	low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)	252:286	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	7	45	theme	VKA-TT	1304:1309	arg1	group					1311:1315	VKA-TT group	1304:1315	VKA-TT group	1304:1315	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	5	46	theme	oral	969:972	arg1	VKA-TT					996:1001	VKA-TT	996:1001	VKA-TT	996:1001	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	46	theme	oral	969:972	arg1	n=498					1005:1009	n=498	1005:1009	n=498	1005:1009	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	46	theme	oral	969:972	arg1	antagonist					984:993	oral vitamin K antagonist	969:993	oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498)	969:1010	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	1	47	with	therapy	239:245	arg1	LMWH					282:285	LMWH	282:285	LMWH	282:285	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	1	47	with	therapy	239:245	arg1	heparin					273:279	low-molecular-weight heparin	252:279	low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)	252:286	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	7	48	theme	bleeding	1166:1173	arg1	%					1196:1196	11.5%	1192:1196	11.5%	1192:1196	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	48	theme	bleeding	1166:1173	arg1	%					1205:1205	6.0%	1202:1205	6.0%	1202:1205	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	48	theme	bleeding	1166:1173	arg1	BARC≥3					1183:1188	BARC≥3	1183:1188	BARC≥3	1183:1188	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	48	theme	bleeding	1166:1173	arg1	events					1175:1180	major bleeding events	1160:1180	major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006)	1160:1257	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	4	49	dep	month	863:867	arg1	12					860:861	12	860:861	12	860:861	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	49	dep	month	863:867	arg1	3					854:854	3	854:854	3	854:854	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	8	50	theme	major	1448:1452	arg1	events					1468:1473	major BARC bleeding events	1448:1473	major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups	1448:1502	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	7	51	theme	LMWH-TT	1278:1284	arg1	group					1286:1290	the LMWH-TT group	1274:1290	the LMWH-TT group	1274:1290	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	1	52	with	patients	327:334	arg1	AF					362:363	AF	362:363	AF	362:363	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	1	52	with	patients	327:334	arg1	fibrillation					348:359	atrial fibrillation	341:359	atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	341:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	8	53	theme	bleeding	1459:1466	arg1	events					1468:1473	major BARC bleeding events	1448:1473	major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups	1448:1502	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	1	54	from	complications	310:322	arg1	patients					327:334	patients	327:334	patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	327:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	0	55	with	patients	54:61	arg1	fibrillation					75:86	atrial fibrillation	68:86	atrial fibrillation	68:86	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	1	56	theme	BACKGROUND	176:185	arg1	reports					194:200	BACKGROUND Recent reports	176:200	BACKGROUND Recent reports	176:200	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	4	57	theme	cerebrovascular	820:834	arg1	MACCE					844:848	MACCE	844:848	MACCE	844:848	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	57	theme	cerebrovascular	820:834	arg1	events					836:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events	808:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	808:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	6	58	theme	heart	1086:1090	arg1	failure					1092:1098	heart failure	1086:1098	heart failure	1086:1098	Patients on LMWH-TT had more often diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension compared to those on VKA-TT.
25662060	10	59	theme	patient	1787:1793	arg1	subset					1777:1782	this subset	1772:1782	this subset of patient on oral anticoagulation	1772:1817	LMWH-bridging therapy appeared harmful in this subset of patient on oral anticoagulation.
25662060	0	60	theme	stent	139:143	arg1	implantation					145:156	stent implantation	139:156	stent implantation	139:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	9	61	from	bleeds	1675:1680	arg1	comparison					1685:1694	comparison	1685:1694	comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT	1685:1727	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	0	62	theme	AFCAS	163:167	arg1	study					169:173	the AFCAS study	159:173	the AFCAS study	159:173	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	8	63	dep	follow-ups	1493:1502	arg1	month					1487:1491	month	1487:1491	month	1487:1491	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	5	64	dep	TT	955:956	arg1	either					959:964	either	959:964	either	959:964	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	10	65	theme	oral	1798:1801	arg1	anticoagulation					1803:1817	oral anticoagulation	1798:1817	oral anticoagulation	1798:1817	LMWH-bridging therapy appeared harmful in this subset of patient on oral anticoagulation.
25662060	4	66	from	follow-ups	869:878	arg1	endpoints					686:694	The primary endpoints	674:694	The primary endpoints	674:694	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	66	from	follow-ups	869:878	arg1	complications					714:726	bleeding complications	705:726	: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	700:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	9	67	dep	large	1525:1529	arg1	real-world					1545:1554	real-world	1545:1554	real-world	1545:1554	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	9	67	dep	large	1525:1529	arg1	prospective					1532:1542	prospective	1532:1542	prospective	1532:1542	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	9	68	theme	patients	1570:1577	arg1	population					1556:1565	this large, prospective, real-world population	1520:1565	this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT	1520:1631	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	3	69	with	patients	641:648	arg1	AF					655:656	AF	655:656	AF undergoing PCI	655:671	METHODS AFCAS is a multicenter, prospective registry enrolling patients with AF undergoing PCI.
25662060	2	70	from	bleeding	472:479	arg1	patients					510:517	patients	510:517	patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT)	510:575	We sought to assess mid-term bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients from the AFCAS registry discharged on triple therapy (TT).
25662060	0	71	theme	percutaneous	99:110	arg1	intervention					121:132	percutaneous coronary intervention	99:132	percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation	99:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	9	72	theme	PCI	1598:1600	arg1	patients					1602:1609	PCI patients	1598:1609	PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT	1598:1631	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	8	73	theme	Cox	1345:1347	arg1	model					1373:1377	a Cox multivariate regression model	1343:1377	a Cox multivariate regression model	1343:1377	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	1	74	theme	percutaneous	401:412	arg1	PCI					437:439	PCI	437:439	PCI	437:439	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	1	74	theme	percutaneous	401:412	arg1	intervention					423:434	percutaneous coronary intervention	401:434	percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	401:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	8	75	theme	regression	1362:1371	arg1	model					1373:1377	a Cox multivariate regression model	1343:1377	a Cox multivariate regression model	1343:1377	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	0	76	theme	low	22:24	arg1	heparin					43:49	low molecular weight heparin	22:49	low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation	22:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	1	77	theme	bleeding	301:308	arg1	complications					310:322	bleeding complications	301:322	bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	301:440	BACKGROUND Recent reports have provided evidence that bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may increase bleeding complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
25662060	5	78	theme	consecutive	915:925	arg1	patients					927:934	Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients	889:934	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients	881:934	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	4	79	theme	academic	755:762	arg1	BARC					783:786	BARC	783:786	BARC	783:786	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	79	theme	academic	755:762	arg1	criteria					773:780	the bleeding academic research criteria	742:780	the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC)	742:787	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	0	80	theme	weight	36:41	arg1	heparin					43:49	low molecular weight heparin	22:49	low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation	22:156	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	5	81	theme	vitamin	974:980	arg1	VKA-TT					996:1001	VKA-TT	996:1001	VKA-TT	996:1001	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	81	theme	vitamin	974:980	arg1	n=498					1005:1009	n=498	1005:1009	n=498	1005:1009	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	5	81	theme	vitamin	974:980	arg1	antagonist					984:993	oral vitamin K antagonist	969:993	oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498)	969:1010	RESULTS Altogether 663 out of 929 consecutive patients were discharged on TT, either on oral vitamin K antagonist (VKA-TT) (n=498) or bridging LMWH-TT (n=165).
25662060	9	82	theme	higher	1653:1658	arg1	risk					1660:1663	a significantly higher risk	1637:1663	a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT	1637:1727	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	8	83	theme	matched	1400:1406	arg1	LMWH-TT					1417:1423	matched analysis LMWH-TT	1400:1423	matched analysis LMWH-TT	1400:1423	In a Cox multivariate regression model and propensity-score matched analysis LMWH-TT increased the risk for major BARC bleeding events at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	84	theme	cardiac	808:814	arg1	MACCE					844:848	MACCE	844:848	MACCE	844:848	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	4	84	theme	cardiac	808:814	arg1	events					836:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events	808:841	cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	808:849	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	0	85	dep	Bridging	0:7	arg1	study					169:173	the AFCAS study	159:173	the AFCAS study	159:173	Bridging therapy with low molecular weight heparin in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation: the AFCAS study.
25662060	9	86	contain	had	1633:1635	arg2	risk					1660:1663	a significantly higher risk	1637:1663	a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT	1637:1727	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	9	86	contain	had	1633:1635	arg1	CONCLUSIONS					1505:1515	CONCLUSIONS	1505:1515	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT	1505:1631	CONCLUSIONS In this large, prospective, real-world population of patients with AF undergoing PCI patients discharged on LMWH-TT had a significantly higher risk for major bleeds in comparison to patients discharged on VKA-TT.
25662060	7	87	theme	events	1175:1180	arg1	rates					1151:1155	The rates	1147:1155	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006)	1147:1257	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	87	theme	events	1175:1180	arg1	higher					1264:1269	higher	1264:1269	higher	1264:1269	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	4	88	dep	composite	795:803	arg1	2					790:790	2	790:790	2	790:790	The primary endpoints were: 1) bleeding complications as defined by the bleeding academic research criteria (BARC); 2) a composite of cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 3 and 12 month follow-ups.
25662060	7	89	dep	%	1196:1196	arg1	p=0.03					1208:1213	p=0.03	1208:1213	p=0.03	1208:1213	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	90	theme	major	1160:1164	arg1	%					1196:1196	11.5%	1192:1196	11.5%	1192:1196	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	90	theme	major	1160:1164	arg1	%					1205:1205	6.0%	1202:1205	6.0%	1202:1205	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	90	theme	major	1160:1164	arg1	BARC≥3					1183:1188	BARC≥3	1183:1188	BARC≥3	1183:1188	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
25662060	7	90	theme	major	1160:1164	arg1	events					1175:1180	major bleeding events	1160:1180	major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006)	1160:1257	The rates of major bleeding events (BARC≥3) (11.5% vs. 6.0%, p=0.03) as well as MACCE (11.5% vs. 5.0%, p=0.006) were higher in the LMWH-TT group compared to VKA-TT group at 3 months follow-up.
27713989	0	0	theme	human	65:69	arg1	ecosystem					82:90	the human intestinal ecosystem	61:90	the human intestinal ecosystem	61:90	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	5	1	dep	Roseburia	1083:1091	arg1	intestinalis					1093:1104	Roseburia intestinalis	1083:1104	Roseburia intestinalis	1083:1104	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	4	2	theme	dynamic	632:638	arg1	populations					650:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	1	3	theme	multiple	211:218	arg1	benefits					220:227	multiple benefits	211:227	multiple benefits	211:227	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	4	4	from	variations	554:563	arg1	production					602:611	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	4	from	variations	554:563	arg1	changes					617:623	changes	617:623	changes in the dynamic bacterial populations	617:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	4	from	variations	554:563	arg1	pH					568:569	pH	568:569	pH	568:569	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	5	from	effects	454:460	arg1	composition					480:490	the microbiota composition	465:490	the microbiota composition	465:490	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	5	from	effects	454:460	arg1	products					512:519	their metabolic products	496:519	their metabolic products	496:519	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	5	6	from	mM	786:787	arg1	line					806:809	line	806:809	line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups	806:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	2	7	theme	prebiotic	300:308	arg1	effect					310:315	a prebiotic effect	298:315	a prebiotic effect	298:315	In this work, we explored the possibility of these foods exhibiting a prebiotic effect.
27713989	0	8	from	Assessment	0:9	arg1	ecosystem					82:90	the human intestinal ecosystem	61:90	the human intestinal ecosystem	61:90	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	3	9	used	used	382:385	arg2	pseudocereals					324:336	These pseudocereals	318:336	These pseudocereals	318:336	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	3	9	used	used	382:385	arg2	sources					397:403	carbon sources	390:403	carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula	390:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	4	10	from	changes	617:623	arg1	assessment					540:549	assessment	540:549	assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations	540:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	10	from	changes	617:623	arg1	populations					650:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	0	11	theme	intestinal	71:80	arg1	ecosystem					82:90	the human intestinal ecosystem	61:90	the human intestinal ecosystem	61:90	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	5	12	theme	p	862:862	arg1	differences					849:859	pH. Considerable differences	832:859	pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05)	832:870	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	12	theme	p	862:862	arg1	<					864:864	p < 0.05	862:869	p < 0.05	862:869	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	4	13	dep	in	678:679	arg1	situ					681:684	situ	681:684	situ	681:684	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	14	from	production	602:611	arg1	assessment					540:549	assessment	540:549	assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations	540:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	14	from	production	602:611	arg1	populations					650:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	0	15	theme	quinoa	38:43	arg1	effect					28:33	the prebiotic effect	14:33	the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth	14:56	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	5	16	theme	Clostridium	1007:1017	arg1	rectale					1041:1047	Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale	1007:1047	Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale	1007:1047	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	3	17	dep	in	359:360	arg1	vitro					362:366	vitro	362:366	vitro	362:366	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	4	18	theme	variations	554:563	arg1	assessment					540:549	assessment	540:549	assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations	540:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	1	19	theme	called	143:148	arg1	"					161:161	the so called "superfoods"	136:161	the so called "superfoods"	136:161	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	5	20	theme	coccoides-Eubacterium	1019:1039	arg1	rectale					1041:1047	Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale	1007:1047	Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale	1007:1047	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	21	with	line	806:809	arg1	decrease					820:827	the decrease	816:827	the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups	816:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	4	22	theme	metabolic	502:510	arg1	products					512:519	their metabolic products	496:519	their metabolic products	496:519	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	23	theme	in	678:679	arg1	hybridization					686:698	fluorescence in situ hybridization	665:698	fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	665:705	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	23	theme	in	678:679	arg1	FISH					701:704	FISH	701:704	FISH	701:704	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	1	24	theme	superfoods	151:160	arg1	"					161:161	the so called "superfoods"	136:161	the so called "superfoods"	136:161	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	0	25	theme	prebiotic	18:26	arg1	effect					28:33	the prebiotic effect	14:33	the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth	14:56	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	5	26	theme	Considerable	836:847	arg1	differences					849:859	pH. Considerable differences	832:859	pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05)	832:870	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	26	theme	Considerable	836:847	arg1	<					864:864	p < 0.05	862:869	p < 0.05	862:869	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	1	27	theme	"	161:161	arg1	group					127:131	the group	123:131	the group of the so called "superfoods"	123:161	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	1	27	theme	"	161:161	arg1	"					161:161	the so called "superfoods"	136:161	the so called "superfoods"	136:161	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	5	28	theme	pH.	832:834	arg1	differences					849:859	pH. Considerable differences	832:859	pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05)	832:870	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	28	theme	pH.	832:834	arg1	<					864:864	p < 0.05	862:869	p < 0.05	862:869	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	29	located	found	877:881	arg2	decrease					820:827	the decrease	816:827	the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups	816:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	29	located	found	877:881	arg2	differences					849:859	pH. Considerable differences	832:859	pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05)	832:870	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	29	located	found	877:881	arg2	<					864:864	p < 0.05	862:869	p < 0.05	862:869	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	29	located	found	877:881	arg1	groups					904:909	certain microbial groups	886:909	certain microbial groups	886:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	6	30	theme	intestinal	1290:1299	arg1	microbiota					1301:1310	a balanced intestinal microbiota	1279:1310	a balanced intestinal microbiota	1279:1310	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	5	31	theme	total	738:742	arg1	mM					761:762	106.5 mM	755:762	106.5 mM for quinoa	755:773	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	5	31	theme	total	738:742	arg1	SCFAs					744:748	the total SCFAs	734:748	the total SCFAs	734:748	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	4	32	theme	short-chain	572:582	arg1	acid					590:593	short-chain fatty acid	572:593	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	32	theme	short-chain	572:582	arg1	SCFA					596:599	SCFA	596:599	SCFA	596:599	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	6	33	theme	balanced	1281:1288	arg1	microbiota					1301:1310	a balanced intestinal microbiota	1279:1310	a balanced intestinal microbiota	1279:1310	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	5	34	theme	certain	886:892	arg1	groups					904:909	certain microbial groups	886:909	certain microbial groups	886:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	0	35	theme	effect	28:33	arg1	Assessment					0:9	Assessment	0:9	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.	0:91	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	4	36	theme	microbiota	469:478	arg1	composition					480:490	the microbiota composition	465:490	the microbiota composition	465:490	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	3	37	with	cultures	414:421	arg1	inocula					441:447	faecal human inocula	428:447	faecal human inocula	428:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	5	38	theme	microbial	894:902	arg1	groups					904:909	certain microbial groups	886:909	certain microbial groups	886:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	3	39	from	sources	397:403	arg1	cultures					414:421	batch cultures	408:421	batch cultures with faecal human inocula	408:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	4	40	theme	acid	590:593	arg1	production					602:611	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	5	41	theme	incubation	722:731	arg1	h					717:717	48 h	714:717	48 h of incubation	714:731	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	4	42	from	pH	568:569	arg1	assessment					540:549	assessment	540:549	assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations	540:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	42	from	pH	568:569	arg1	populations					650:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	6	43	theme	prebiotic	1167:1175	arg1	potential					1177:1185	the prebiotic potential	1163:1185	the prebiotic potential	1163:1185	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	3	44	theme	human	435:439	arg1	inocula					441:447	faecal human inocula	428:447	faecal human inocula	428:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	3	45	theme	in	359:360	arg1	digestion					368:376	an in vitro digestion	356:376	an in vitro digestion	356:376	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	4	46	theme	bacterial	640:648	arg1	populations					650:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	the dynamic bacterial populations	628:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	6	47	contain	have	1158:1161	arg2	potential					1177:1185	the prebiotic potential	1163:1185	the prebiotic potential	1163:1185	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	6	47	contain	have	1158:1161	arg1	pseudocereals					1140:1152	these pseudocereals	1134:1152	these pseudocereals	1134:1152	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	6	48	theme	gastrointestinal	1247:1262	arg1	health					1264:1269	the gastrointestinal health	1243:1269	the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota	1243:1310	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	1	49	contain	have	167:170	arg2	composition					186:196	a nutritional composition	172:196	a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits	172:227	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	1	49	contain	have	167:170	arg1	Quinoa					93:98	Quinoa	93:98	Quinoa	93:98	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	2	50	theme	foods	281:285	arg1	possibility					260:270	the possibility	256:270	the possibility of these foods	256:285	In this work, we explored the possibility of these foods exhibiting a prebiotic effect.
27713989	1	51	theme	nutritional	174:184	arg1	composition					186:196	a nutritional composition	172:196	a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits	172:227	Quinoa and amaranth belong to the group of the so called "superfoods" and have a nutritional composition that confers multiple benefits.
27713989	5	52	from	mM	761:762	arg1	line					806:809	line	806:809	line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups	806:909	After 48 h of incubation, the total SCFAs were 106.5 mM for quinoa and 108.83 mM for amaranth, in line with the decrease in pH. Considerable differences (p < 0.05) were found in certain microbial groups, including Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus-Enterococcus, Atopobium, Bacteroides-Prevotella, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis.
27713989	3	53	theme	faecal	428:433	arg1	inocula					441:447	faecal human inocula	428:447	faecal human inocula	428:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	6	54	theme	additional	1322:1331	arg1	studies					1333:1339	additional studies	1322:1339	additional studies	1322:1339	Our research suggests that these pseudocereals can have the prebiotic potential and that their intake may improve dysbiosis or maintain the gastrointestinal health through a balanced intestinal microbiota, although additional studies are necessary.
27713989	4	55	theme	fluorescence	665:676	arg1	hybridization					686:698	fluorescence in situ hybridization	665:698	fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)	665:705	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	55	theme	fluorescence	665:676	arg1	FISH					701:704	FISH	701:704	FISH	701:704	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	3	56	theme	batch	408:412	arg1	cultures					414:421	batch cultures	408:421	batch cultures with faecal human inocula	408:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	3	57	theme	carbon	390:395	arg1	pseudocereals					324:336	These pseudocereals	318:336	These pseudocereals	318:336	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	3	57	theme	carbon	390:395	arg1	sources					397:403	carbon sources	390:403	carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula	390:447	These pseudocereals were subjected to an in vitro digestion and used as carbon sources in batch cultures with faecal human inocula.
27713989	0	58	theme	amaranth	49:56	arg1	effect					28:33	the prebiotic effect	14:33	the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth	14:56	Assessment of the prebiotic effect of quinoa and amaranth in the human intestinal ecosystem.
27713989	4	59	theme	fatty	584:588	arg1	acid					590:593	short-chain fatty acid	572:593	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	59	theme	fatty	584:588	arg1	SCFA					596:599	SCFA	596:599	SCFA	596:599	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	60	from	assessment	540:549	arg1	production					602:611	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production	572:611	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	60	from	assessment	540:549	arg1	changes					617:623	changes	617:623	changes in the dynamic bacterial populations	617:660	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
27713989	4	60	from	assessment	540:549	arg1	pH					568:569	pH	568:569	pH	568:569	The effects on the microbiota composition and their metabolic products were determined by assessment of variations in pH, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and changes in the dynamic bacterial populations by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
24799227	4	0	theme	present	601:607	arg1	NS					609:610	the most present NS	592:610	the most present NS	592:610	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	4	0	theme	present	601:607	arg1	xylose					580:585	xylose	580:585	xylose	580:585	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	4	0	theme	present	601:607	arg1	Arabinose					566:574	Arabinose	566:574	Arabinose	566:574	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	7	1	dep	extracted	1018:1026	arg1	based					1029:1033	based	1029:1033	based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g)	1029:1154	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	6	2	theme	intermediate	781:792	arg1	values					794:799	intermediate values	781:799	intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g	781:867	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	1	3	from	peels	152:156	arg1	cultivars					209:217	12 cultivars	206:217	12 cultivars	206:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	3	4	dep	was	487:489	arg1	13.98-23.31					518:528	13.98-23.31	518:528	13.98-23.31	518:528	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	4	dep	was	487:489	arg1	20.59-41.86					505:515	20.59-41.86	505:515	20.59-41.86	505:515	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	4	dep	was	487:489	arg1	16.53-22.71					492:502	16.53-22.71	492:502	16.53-22.71	492:502	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	4	dep	was	487:489	arg1	16.88-19.66/100g					534:549	16.88-19.66/100g	534:549	16.88-19.66/100g	534:549	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	0	5	theme	antioxidant	79:89	arg1	capacity					91:98	antioxidant capacity	79:98	antioxidant capacity	79:98	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	6	6	theme	PomP	762:765	arg1	powder					767:772	PomP powder	762:772	PomP powder	762:772	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	0	7	theme	functional	104:113	arg1	properties					115:124	functional properties	104:124	functional properties	104:124	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	1	8	theme	functional	302:311	arg1	properties					329:338	their functional and antioxidant properties	296:338	their functional and antioxidant properties	296:338	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	4	9	theme	total	634:638	arg1	content					643:649	total NS content	634:649	total NS content	634:649	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	6	10	theme	glucose	933:939	arg1	dialysis					921:928	the dialysis	917:928	the dialysis of glucose	917:939	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	1	11	theme	pomegranate	161:171	arg1	peels					152:156	The dried powdered fruit peels	127:156	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	127:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	12	theme	antioxidant	317:327	arg1	properties					329:338	their functional and antioxidant properties	296:338	their functional and antioxidant properties	296:338	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	7	13	theme	strong	1042:1047	arg1	activity					1069:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity	1038:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g)	1038:1102	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	13	theme	strong	1042:1047	arg1	Trolox/g					1094:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	6	14	from	effect	907:912	arg1	dialysis					921:928	the dialysis	917:928	the dialysis of glucose	917:939	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	3	15	theme	DF	484:485	arg1	composition					469:479	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition	397:479	composition	469:479	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	0	16	from	cultivars	41:49	arg1	Valorization					0:11	Valorization	0:11	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.	0:125	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	1	17	theme	Punica	174:179	arg1	pomegranate					161:171	pomegranate	161:171	pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	161:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	17	theme	Punica	174:179	arg1	L					190:190	Punica granatum L.	174:191	Punica granatum L.	174:191	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	2	18	theme	62/100	387:392	arg1	g					394:394	62/100 g	387:394	62/100 g	387:394	The total DF content varied between 33.10 and 62/100 g.
24799227	1	19	theme	granatum	181:188	arg1	pomegranate					161:171	pomegranate	161:171	pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	161:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	19	theme	granatum	181:188	arg1	L					190:190	Punica granatum L.	174:191	Punica granatum L.	174:191	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	0	20	theme	peel	28:31	arg1	Valorization					0:11	Valorization	0:11	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.	0:125	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	4	21	theme	content	643:649	arg1	content					643:649	total NS content	634:649	total NS content	634:649	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	4	21	theme	content	643:649	arg1	%					629:629	more than 60%	617:629	more than 60% of total NS content	617:649	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	3	22	theme	cellulose	401:409	arg1	composition					469:479	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition	397:479	composition	469:479	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	0	23	theme	pomegranate	16:26	arg1	peel					28:31	pomegranate peel	16:31	pomegranate peel	16:31	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	4	24	theme	NS	640:641	arg1	content					643:649	total NS content	634:649	total NS content	634:649	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	3	25	theme	total	443:447	arg1	sugars					457:462	total neutral sugars	443:462	total neutral sugars	443:462	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	5	26	theme	insoluble	665:673	arg1	ratio					656:660	The ratio	652:660	The ratio of insoluble to soluble DF	652:687	The ratio of insoluble to soluble DF was around 1, reflecting the balanced composition of PomP's DF.
24799227	1	27	from	cultivars	209:217	arg1	pomegranate					161:171	pomegranate	161:171	pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	161:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	27	from	cultivars	209:217	arg1	peels					152:156	The dried powdered fruit peels	127:156	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	127:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	27	from	cultivars	209:217	arg1	PomP					195:198	PomP	195:198	PomP	195:198	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	27	from	cultivars	209:217	arg1	L					190:190	Punica granatum L.	174:191	Punica granatum L.	174:191	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	1	28	used	used	224:227	arg2	peels					152:156	The dried powdered fruit peels	127:156	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	127:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	5	29	theme	DF	749:750	arg1	composition					727:737	the balanced composition	714:737	the balanced composition of PomP's DF	714:750	The ratio of insoluble to soluble DF was around 1, reflecting the balanced composition of PomP's DF.
24799227	5	30	theme	balanced	718:725	arg1	composition					727:737	the balanced composition	714:737	the balanced composition of PomP's DF	714:750	The ratio of insoluble to soluble DF was around 1, reflecting the balanced composition of PomP's DF.
24799227	2	31	theme	total	345:349	arg1	content					354:360	The total DF content	341:360	The total DF content	341:360	The total DF content varied between 33.10 and 62/100 g.
24799227	6	32	theme	oil-holding	816:826	arg1	capacities					828:837	water- and oil-holding capacities	805:837	water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g	805:867	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	2	33	theme	DF	351:352	arg1	content					354:360	The total DF content	341:360	The total DF content	341:360	The total DF content varied between 33.10 and 62/100 g.
24799227	5	34	theme	soluble	678:684	arg1	DF					686:687	soluble DF	678:687	soluble DF	678:687	The ratio of insoluble to soluble DF was around 1, reflecting the balanced composition of PomP's DF.
24799227	7	35	theme	soluble	1049:1055	arg1	activity					1069:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity	1038:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g)	1038:1102	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	35	theme	soluble	1049:1055	arg1	Trolox/g					1094:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	36	theme	antioxidant	1057:1067	arg1	activity					1069:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity	1038:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g)	1038:1102	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	36	theme	antioxidant	1057:1067	arg1	Trolox/g					1094:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	6	37	theme	water-	805:810	arg1	capacities					828:837	water- and oil-holding capacities	805:837	water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g	805:867	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	7	38	theme	μmol	1141:1144	arg1	one					1130:1132	the insoluble one	1116:1132	the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g)	1116:1154	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	38	theme	μmol	1141:1144	arg1	Trolox/g					1146:1153	13-23 μmol Trolox/g	1135:1153	13-23 μmol Trolox/g	1135:1153	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	3	39	theme	uronic	427:432	arg1	acid					434:437	uronic acid	427:437	uronic acid	427:437	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	7	40	theme	μmol	1089:1092	arg1	activity					1069:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity	1038:1076	the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g)	1038:1102	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	40	theme	μmol	1089:1092	arg1	Trolox/g					1094:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g	1079:1101	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	41	dep	based	1029:1033	arg1	compared					1104:1111	compared	1104:1111	compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g)	1104:1154	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	6	42	dep	capacities	828:837	arg1	mL/g					864:867	2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g	840:867	water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g	805:867	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	3	43	theme	Klason	412:417	arg1	NS					465:466	NS	465:466	NS	465:466	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	43	theme	Klason	412:417	arg1	lignin					419:424	Klason lignin	412:424	Klason lignin	412:424	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	6	44	theme	retardation	895:905	arg1	effect					907:912	strong retardation effect	888:912	strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose	888:939	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	1	45	theme	dried	131:135	arg1	peels					152:156	The dried powdered fruit peels	127:156	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	127:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	6	46	theme	strong	888:893	arg1	retardation					895:905	strong retardation	888:905	strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose	888:939	Besides, PomP powder showed intermediate values for water- and oil-holding capacities: 2.31-3.53 and 2.80-4.05 mL/g, respectively, and strong retardation effect on the dialysis of glucose, reaching ∼60%.
24799227	0	47	theme	fibre	60:64	arg1	composition					66:76	dietary fibre composition	52:76	dietary fibre composition	52:76	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	7	48	theme	insoluble	1120:1128	arg1	one					1130:1132	the insoluble one	1116:1132	the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g)	1116:1154	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	7	48	theme	insoluble	1120:1128	arg1	Trolox/g					1146:1153	13-23 μmol Trolox/g	1135:1153	13-23 μmol Trolox/g	1135:1153	Also, it has been shown that most of the antioxidants can be extracted, based on the strong soluble antioxidant activity (2018-2649 μmol Trolox/g) compared to the insoluble one (13-23 μmol Trolox/g).
24799227	4	49	with	NS	609:610	arg1	content					643:649	total NS content	634:649	total NS content	634:649	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	4	49	with	NS	609:610	arg1	%					629:629	more than 60%	617:629	more than 60% of total NS content	617:649	Arabinose and xylose were the most present NS with more than 60% of total NS content.
24799227	3	50	dep	composition	469:479	arg1	NS					465:466	NS	465:466	NS	465:466	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	50	dep	composition	469:479	arg1	sugars					457:462	total neutral sugars	443:462	total neutral sugars	443:462	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	50	dep	composition	469:479	arg1	lignin					419:424	Klason lignin	412:424	Klason lignin	412:424	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	3	50	dep	composition	469:479	arg1	acid					434:437	uronic acid	427:437	uronic acid	427:437	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	1	51	theme	powdered	137:144	arg1	peels					152:156	The dried powdered fruit peels	127:156	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	127:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
24799227	3	52	theme	neutral	449:455	arg1	sugars					457:462	total neutral sugars	443:462	total neutral sugars	443:462	The cellulose, Klason lignin, uronic acid and total neutral sugars (NS) composition of DF was: 16.53-22.71, 20.59-41.86, 13.98-23.31 and 16.88-19.66/100g, respectively.
24799227	0	53	theme	dietary	52:58	arg1	composition					66:76	dietary fibre composition	52:76	dietary fibre composition	52:76	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	0	54	dep	Valorization	0:11	arg1	composition					66:76	dietary fibre composition	52:76	dietary fibre composition	52:76	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	0	54	dep	Valorization	0:11	arg1	capacity					91:98	antioxidant capacity	79:98	antioxidant capacity	79:98	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	0	54	dep	Valorization	0:11	arg1	properties					115:124	functional properties	104:124	functional properties	104:124	Valorization of pomegranate peel from 12 cultivars: dietary fibre composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties.
24799227	1	55	theme	fruit	146:150	arg1	peels					152:156	The dried powdered fruit peels	127:156	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars	127:217	The dried powdered fruit peels of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PomP) from 12 cultivars were used to extract and characterise their dietary fibre (DF) and to assess their functional and antioxidant properties.
28381523	11	0	theme	developing	1566:1575	arg1	NEC					1577:1579	developing NEC	1566:1579	developing NEC	1566:1579	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	5	1	theme	preterm	615:621	arg1	infants					623:629	human preterm infants	609:629	human preterm infants	609:629	However, it is unknown if DSLNT also protects human preterm infants.
28381523	7	2	theme	logistic	937:944	arg1	regression					946:955	logistic regression	937:955	logistic regression	937:955	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	7	3	used	used	932:935	arg2	We					793:794	We	793:794	We	793:794	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	0	4	theme	preterm	85:91	arg1	infants					93:99	preterm infants	85:99	preterm infants	85:99	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	11	5	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1459:1469	arg1	marker					1528:1533	a potential non-invasive marker	1503:1533	a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk	1503:1612	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	11	5	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1459:1469	arg1	content					1477:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content	1459:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk	1459:1498	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	11	6	theme	donor	1603:1607	arg1	milk					1609:1612	high-risk donor milk	1593:1612	high-risk donor milk	1593:1612	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	9	7	theme	prior	1335:1339	arg1	cases					1329:1333	NEC cases	1325:1333	NEC cases prior to onset	1325:1348	DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset.
28381523	3	8	theme	NEC	342:344	arg1	incidence					346:354	NEC incidence	342:354	NEC incidence	342:354	NEC incidence is significantly lower in breast-fed compared with formula-fed infants.
28381523	10	9	theme	NEC	1427:1429	arg1	cases					1431:1435	NEC cases	1427:1435	NEC cases	1427:1435	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	8	10	dep	RESULTS	1111:1117	arg1	developed					1147:1155	developed	1147:1155	developed NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3)	1147:1179	RESULTS Eight infants in the cohort developed NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3).
28381523	11	11	theme	DSLNT	1471:1475	arg1	marker					1528:1533	a potential non-invasive marker	1503:1533	a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk	1503:1612	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	11	11	theme	DSLNT	1471:1475	arg1	content					1477:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content	1459:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk	1459:1498	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	9	12	theme	all	1238:1240	arg1	samples					1247:1253	almost all milk samples	1231:1253	almost all milk samples	1231:1253	DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset.
28381523	11	13	theme	non-invasive	1515:1526	arg1	content					1477:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content	1459:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk	1459:1498	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	11	13	theme	non-invasive	1515:1526	arg1	marker					1528:1533	a potential non-invasive marker	1503:1533	a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk	1503:1612	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	11	14	theme	breast	1488:1493	arg1	milk					1495:1498	breast milk	1488:1498	breast milk	1488:1498	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	9	15	theme	milk	1242:1245	arg1	samples					1247:1253	almost all milk samples	1231:1253	almost all milk samples	1231:1253	DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset.
28381523	7	16	theme	first	860:864	arg1	28 days					866:872	the first 28 days	856:872	the first 28 days post partum	856:884	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	1	17	theme	common	163:168	arg1	disorders					197:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders	154:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants	154:224	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	0	18	from	risk	48:51	arg1	infants					93:99	preterm infants	85:99	preterm infants	85:99	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	10	19	theme	multiple	1386:1393	arg1	days					1395:1398	multiple days	1386:1398	multiple days	1386:1398	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	7	20	theme	NEC	900:902	arg1	case					904:907	each NEC case	895:907	each NEC case	895:907	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	6	21	theme	cohort	675:680	arg1	study					682:686	a multicentre clinical cohort study	652:686	a multicentre clinical cohort study	652:686	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	0	22	theme	milk	6:9	arg1	composition					27:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition	0:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition	0:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	10	23	theme	subjects	1449:1456	arg1	separation					1413:1422	the separation	1409:1422	the separation of NEC cases and control subjects	1409:1456	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	12	24	theme	devastating	1711:1721	arg1	disorder					1723:1730	this devastating disorder	1706:1730	this devastating disorder	1706:1730	In addition, DSLNT could serve as a natural template to develop novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder.
28381523	6	25	theme	clinical	666:673	arg1	study					682:686	a multicentre clinical cohort study	652:686	a multicentre clinical cohort study	652:686	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	0	26	theme	Human	0:4	arg1	composition					27:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition	0:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition	0:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	9	27	theme	NEC	1258:1260	arg1	cases					1262:1266	NEC cases	1258:1266	NEC cases	1258:1266	DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset.
28381523	5	28	theme	human	609:613	arg1	infants					623:629	human preterm infants	609:629	human preterm infants	609:629	However, it is unknown if DSLNT also protects human preterm infants.
28381523	1	29	theme	OBJECTIVE	102:110	arg1	NEC					139:141	NEC	139:141	NEC	139:141	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	1	29	theme	OBJECTIVE	102:110	arg1	enterocolitis					124:136	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis	102:136	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC)	102:142	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	6	30	theme	multicentre	654:664	arg1	study					682:686	a multicentre clinical cohort study	652:686	a multicentre clinical cohort study	652:686	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	1	31	theme	fatal	180:184	arg1	disorders					197:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders	154:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants	154:224	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	4	32	from	NEC	541:543	arg1	rats					557:560	neonatal rats	548:560	neonatal rats	548:560	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	1	33	theme	Necrotising	112:122	arg1	NEC					139:141	NEC	139:141	NEC	139:141	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	1	33	theme	Necrotising	112:122	arg1	enterocolitis					124:136	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis	102:136	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC)	102:142	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	10	34	theme	DSLNT	1375:1379	arg1	assessment					1361:1370	Aggregate assessment	1351:1370	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days	1351:1398	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	1	35	theme	intestinal	186:195	arg1	disorders					197:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders	154:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants	154:224	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	0	36	theme	oligosaccharide	11:25	arg1	composition					27:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition	0:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition	0:37	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	4	37	theme	neonatal	548:555	arg1	rats					557:560	neonatal rats	548:560	neonatal rats	548:560	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	4	38	theme	human	449:453	arg1	disialyllacto-N-tetraose					492:515	disialyllacto-N-tetraose	492:515	disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT)	492:523	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	4	38	theme	human	449:453	arg1	HMO					478:480	HMO	478:480	HMO	478:480	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	4	38	theme	human	449:453	arg1	oligosaccharides					460:475	human milk oligosaccharides	449:475	human milk oligosaccharides (HMO)	449:481	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	1	39	theme	disorders	197:205	arg1	disorders					197:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders	154:205	the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants	154:224	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	1	39	theme	disorders	197:205	arg1	one					147:149	one	147:149	one	147:149	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	11	40	theme	NEC	1577:1579	arg1	risk					1558:1561	risk	1558:1561	risk of developing NEC	1558:1579	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	7	41	theme	HMO	805:807	arg1	composition					809:819	HMO composition	805:819	HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants	805:849	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	11	42	from	content	1477:1483	arg1	milk					1495:1498	breast milk	1488:1498	breast milk	1488:1498	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	3	43	theme	formula-fed	407:417	arg1	infants					419:425	formula-fed infants	407:425	formula-fed infants	407:425	NEC incidence is significantly lower in breast-fed compared with formula-fed infants.
28381523	11	44	theme	high-risk	1593:1601	arg1	milk					1609:1612	high-risk donor milk	1593:1612	high-risk donor milk	1593:1612	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	6	45	theme	birthweight	733:743	arg1	infants					745:751	their very low birthweight infants	718:751	their very low birthweight infants	718:751	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	1	46	theme	preterm	210:216	arg1	infants					218:224	preterm infants	210:224	preterm infants	210:224	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	0	47	theme	necrotising	56:66	arg1	enterocolitis					68:80	necrotising enterocolitis	56:80	necrotising enterocolitis	56:80	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	10	48	theme	control	1441:1447	arg1	subjects					1449:1456	control subjects	1441:1456	control subjects	1441:1456	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	4	49	theme	milk	455:458	arg1	disialyllacto-N-tetraose					492:515	disialyllacto-N-tetraose	492:515	disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT)	492:523	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	4	49	theme	milk	455:458	arg1	HMO					478:480	HMO	478:480	HMO	478:480	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	4	49	theme	milk	455:458	arg1	oligosaccharides					460:475	human milk oligosaccharides	449:475	human milk oligosaccharides (HMO)	449:481	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	7	50	from	composition	809:819	arg1	milk					831:834	breast milk	824:834	breast milk fed to infants	824:849	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	6	51	theme	low	729:731	arg1	infants					745:751	their very low birthweight infants	718:751	their very low birthweight infants	718:751	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	2	52	dep	Markers	227:233	arg1	identify					238:245	identify	238:245	to identify at-risk infants as well as therapies to prevent and treat NEC	235:307	Markers to identify at-risk infants as well as therapies to prevent and treat NEC are limited and urgently needed.
28381523	8	53	theme	Bell	1162:1165	arg1	NEC					1157:1159	NEC	1157:1159	NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3)	1157:1179	RESULTS Eight infants in the cohort developed NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3).
28381523	8	53	theme	Bell	1162:1165	arg1	stage					1167:1171	Bell stage 2 or 3	1162:1178	stage	1167:1171	RESULTS Eight infants in the cohort developed NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3).
28381523	8	54	from	infants	1125:1131	arg1	cohort					1140:1145	the cohort	1136:1145	the cohort	1136:1145	RESULTS Eight infants in the cohort developed NEC (Bell stage 2 or 3).
28381523	7	55	theme	generalised	961:971	arg1	equation					984:991	generalised estimating equation	961:991	generalised estimating equation	961:991	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	10	56	theme	Aggregate	1351:1359	arg1	assessment					1361:1370	Aggregate assessment	1351:1370	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days	1351:1398	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	10	57	theme	cases	1431:1435	arg1	separation					1413:1422	the separation	1409:1422	the separation of NEC cases and control subjects	1409:1456	Aggregate assessment of DSLNT over multiple days enhanced the separation of NEC cases and control subjects.
28381523	9	58	theme	DSLNT	1182:1186	arg1	concentrations					1188:1201	DSLNT concentrations	1182:1201	DSLNT concentrations	1182:1201	DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset.
28381523	1	59	from	disorders	197:205	arg1	infants					218:224	preterm infants	210:224	preterm infants	210:224	OBJECTIVE Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and often fatal intestinal disorders in preterm infants.
28381523	7	60	theme	estimating	973:982	arg1	equation					984:991	generalised estimating equation	961:991	generalised estimating equation	961:991	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	11	61	theme	potential	1505:1513	arg1	content					1477:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content	1459:1483	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk	1459:1498	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	11	61	theme	potential	1505:1513	arg1	marker					1528:1533	a potential non-invasive marker	1503:1533	a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk	1503:1612	CONCLUSIONS DSLNT content in breast milk is a potential non-invasive marker to identify infants at risk of developing NEC, and screen high-risk donor milk.
28381523	7	62	theme	breast	824:829	arg1	milk					831:834	breast milk	824:834	breast milk fed to infants	824:849	We analysed HMO composition in breast milk fed to infants over the first 28 days post partum, matched each NEC case with five controls and used logistic regression and generalised estimating equation to test the hypothesis that infants who develop NEC receive milk with less DSLNT than infants who do not develop NEC.
28381523	4	63	theme	Infant	428:433	arg1	formula					435:441	Infant formula	428:441	Infant formula	428:441	Infant formula lacks human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), which prevents NEC in neonatal rats.
28381523	2	64	theme	at-risk	247:253	arg1	infants					255:261	at-risk infants	247:261	at-risk infants as well as therapies	247:282	Markers to identify at-risk infants as well as therapies to prevent and treat NEC are limited and urgently needed.
28381523	12	65	theme	novel	1679:1683	arg1	therapeutics					1685:1696	novel therapeutics	1679:1696	novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder	1679:1730	In addition, DSLNT could serve as a natural template to develop novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder.
28381523	0	66	theme	enterocolitis	68:80	arg1	risk					48:51	risk	48:51	risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants	48:99	Human milk oligosaccharide composition predicts risk of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.
28381523	12	67	theme	natural	1651:1657	arg1	template					1659:1666	a natural template	1649:1666	a natural template to develop novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder	1649:1730	In addition, DSLNT could serve as a natural template to develop novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder.
28381523	12	67	theme	natural	1651:1657	arg1	DSLNT					1628:1632	DSLNT	1628:1632	DSLNT	1628:1632	In addition, DSLNT could serve as a natural template to develop novel therapeutics against this devastating disorder.
28381523	6	68	dep	DESIGN	632:637	arg1	recruited					692:700	recruited	692:700	recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed	692:790	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	6	68	dep	DESIGN	632:637	arg1	conducted					642:650	conducted	642:650	conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study	642:686	DESIGN We conducted a multicentre clinical cohort study and recruited 200 mothers and their very low birthweight infants that were predominantly human milk-fed.
28381523	9	69	theme	NEC	1325:1327	arg1	cases					1329:1333	NEC cases	1325:1333	NEC cases prior to onset	1325:1348	DSLNT concentrations were significantly lower in almost all milk samples in NEC cases compared with controls, and its abundance could identify NEC cases prior to onset.
28634008	8	0	theme	native	1196:1201	arg1	fibers					1225:1230	native and modified collagen fibers	1196:1230	native and modified collagen fibers	1196:1230	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	11	1	theme	matrix	1736:1741	arg1	pathology					1743:1751	extracellular matrix pathology	1722:1751	extracellular matrix pathology	1722:1751	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	8	2	theme	MMP	1133:1135	arg1	digestion					1137:1145	MMP digestion	1133:1145	MMP digestion	1133:1145	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	10	3	theme	non-collagenolytic	1444:1461	arg1	V					1492:1492	cathepsin V	1482:1492	cathepsin V (CatV)	1482:1499	In contrast, MMP-generated fragments were not or only poorly cleaved by non-collagenolytic cathepsins such as cathepsin V (CatV).
28634008	10	3	theme	non-collagenolytic	1444:1461	arg1	cathepsins					1463:1472	non-collagenolytic cathepsins	1444:1472	non-collagenolytic cathepsins such as cathepsin V (CatV)	1444:1499	In contrast, MMP-generated fragments were not or only poorly cleaved by non-collagenolytic cathepsins such as cathepsin V (CatV).
28634008	3	4	theme	cardiovascular	538:551	arg1	malfunctions					569:580	cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions	538:580	cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions	538:580	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	9	5	theme	cysteine-dependent	1280:1297	arg1	collagenase					1299:1309	the cysteine-dependent collagenase	1276:1309	the cysteine-dependent collagenase	1276:1309	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	9	5	theme	cysteine-dependent	1280:1297	arg1	K					1322:1322	cathepsin K	1312:1322	cathepsin K (CatK)	1312:1329	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	3	6	theme	structural	385:394	arg1	changes					396:402	The structural changes	381:402	The structural changes of collagens	381:415	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	6	7	theme	reduced	946:952	arg1	collagenolysis					954:967	a reduced collagenolysis	944:967	a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	944:1015	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28634008	9	8	theme	fiber	1244:1248	arg1	degradation					1250:1260	Successive fiber degradation	1233:1260	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK),	1233:1330	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	8	9	theme	modified	1207:1214	arg1	fibers					1225:1230	native and modified collagen fibers	1196:1230	native and modified collagen fibers	1196:1230	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	7	10	contain	had	1066:1068	arg1	GAGs					1061:1064	GAGs	1061:1064	GAGs	1061:1064	GAGs had no effect on MMP-mediated degradation of collagen.
28634008	7	10	contain	had	1066:1068	arg2	effect					1073:1078	no effect	1070:1078	no effect	1070:1078	GAGs had no effect on MMP-mediated degradation of collagen.
28634008	9	11	theme	complete	1350:1357	arg1	degradation					1359:1369	their complete degradation	1344:1369	their complete degradation	1344:1369	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	11	12	theme	mechanic	1657:1664	arg1	integrity					1666:1674	the structural and mechanic integrity	1638:1674	the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers	1638:1693	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	1	13	from	alterations	161:171	arg1	composition					180:190	the composition	176:190	the composition	176:190	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	4	14	theme	major	626:630	arg1	metalloproteinases					596:613	matrix metalloproteinases	589:613	matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)	589:620	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	4	14	theme	major	626:630	arg1	contributors					632:643	major contributors	626:643	major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation	626:689	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	8	15	theme	fibers	1225:1230	arg1	strength					1184:1191	the mechanical strength	1169:1191	the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers	1169:1230	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	2	16	theme	tissues	372:378	arg1	resilience					358:367	resilience	358:367	resilience	358:367	Collagens represent the most abundant matrix proteins and provide for the overall stiffness and resilience of tissues.
28634008	2	16	theme	tissues	372:378	arg1	stiffness					344:352	overall stiffness	336:352	overall stiffness	336:352	Collagens represent the most abundant matrix proteins and provide for the overall stiffness and resilience of tissues.
28634008	4	17	theme	collagen	670:677	arg1	degradation					679:689	collagen degradation	670:689	collagen degradation	670:689	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	5	18	theme	MMP-mediated	909:920	arg1	degradation					922:932	MMP-mediated degradation	909:932	MMP-mediated degradation	909:932	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	3	19	theme	skin	477:480	arg1	wrinkling					482:490	skin wrinkling	477:490	skin wrinkling	477:490	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	6	20	theme	fibrillar	1041:1049	arg1	collagen					1051:1058	native fibrillar collagen	1034:1058	native fibrillar collagen	1034:1058	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28634008	8	21	from	reduction	1156:1164	arg1	strength					1184:1191	the mechanical strength	1169:1191	the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers	1169:1230	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	11	22	theme	disease-associated	1550:1567	arg1	modifications					1578:1590	disease-associated collagen modifications	1550:1590	disease-associated collagen modifications	1550:1590	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	10	23	theme	cathepsin	1482:1490	arg1	CatV					1495:1498	CatV	1495:1498	CatV	1495:1498	In contrast, MMP-generated fragments were not or only poorly cleaved by non-collagenolytic cathepsins such as cathepsin V (CatV).
28634008	10	23	theme	cathepsin	1482:1490	arg1	V					1492:1492	cathepsin V	1482:1492	cathepsin V (CatV)	1482:1499	In contrast, MMP-generated fragments were not or only poorly cleaved by non-collagenolytic cathepsins such as cathepsin V (CatV).
28634008	2	24	theme	matrix	300:305	arg1	proteins					307:314	the most abundant matrix proteins	282:314	the most abundant matrix proteins	282:314	Collagens represent the most abundant matrix proteins and provide for the overall stiffness and resilience of tissues.
28634008	11	25	theme	extracellular	1722:1734	arg1	pathology					1743:1751	extracellular matrix pathology	1722:1751	extracellular matrix pathology	1722:1751	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	2	26	theme	overall	336:342	arg1	stiffness					344:352	overall stiffness	336:352	overall stiffness	336:352	Collagens represent the most abundant matrix proteins and provide for the overall stiffness and resilience of tissues.
28634008	1	27	theme	natural	100:106	arg1	process					114:120	The natural aging process	96:120	The natural aging process	96:120	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	11	28	theme	structural	1642:1651	arg1	integrity					1666:1674	the structural and mechanic integrity	1638:1674	the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers	1638:1693	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	1	29	theme	structural	200:209	arg1	integrity					226:234	the structural and mechanical integrity	196:234	the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue	196:259	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	0	30	theme	Aging-associated	0:15	arg1	modifications					17:29	Aging-associated modifications	0:29	Aging-associated modifications of collagen	0:41	Aging-associated modifications of collagen affect its degradation by matrix metalloproteinases.
28634008	6	31	theme	native	1034:1039	arg1	collagen					1051:1058	native fibrillar collagen	1034:1058	native fibrillar collagen	1034:1058	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28634008	1	32	theme	aging	108:112	arg1	process					114:120	The natural aging process	96:120	The natural aging process	96:120	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	0	33	theme	collagen	34:41	arg1	modifications					17:29	Aging-associated modifications	0:29	Aging-associated modifications of collagen	0:41	Aging-associated modifications of collagen affect its degradation by matrix metalloproteinases.
28634008	4	34	theme	matrix	589:594	arg1	metalloproteinases					596:613	matrix metalloproteinases	589:613	matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)	589:620	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	4	34	theme	matrix	589:594	arg1	contributors					632:643	major contributors	626:643	major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation	626:689	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	4	34	theme	matrix	589:594	arg1	MMPs					616:619	MMPs	616:619	MMPs	616:619	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	9	35	theme	Successive	1233:1242	arg1	degradation					1250:1260	Successive fiber degradation	1233:1260	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK),	1233:1330	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	11	36	theme	tissue	1599:1604	arg1	remodeling					1606:1615	tissue remodeling	1599:1615	tissue remodeling by MMPs	1599:1623	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	1	37	theme	mechanical	215:224	arg1	integrity					226:234	the structural and mechanical integrity	196:234	the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue	196:259	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	3	38	theme	collagens	407:415	arg1	susceptibility					427:440	their susceptibility	421:440	their susceptibility to degradation	421:455	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	3	38	theme	collagens	407:415	arg1	changes					396:402	The structural changes	381:402	The structural changes of collagens	381:415	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	11	39	theme	collagen	1569:1576	arg1	modifications					1578:1590	disease-associated collagen modifications	1550:1590	disease-associated collagen modifications	1550:1590	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	4	40	theme	tissue	648:653	arg1	remodeling					655:664	tissue remodeling	648:664	tissue remodeling	648:664	Here, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are major contributors to tissue remodeling and collagen degradation.
28634008	9	41	theme	cathepsin	1312:1320	arg1	CatK					1325:1328	CatK	1325:1328	CatK	1325:1328	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	9	41	theme	cathepsin	1312:1320	arg1	collagenase					1299:1309	the cysteine-dependent collagenase	1276:1309	the cysteine-dependent collagenase	1276:1309	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	9	41	theme	cathepsin	1312:1320	arg1	K					1322:1322	cathepsin K	1312:1322	cathepsin K (CatK)	1312:1329	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	3	42	theme	cartilage	502:510	arg1	deterioration					512:524	cartilage deterioration	502:524	cartilage deterioration	502:524	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	5	43	theme	advanced	764:771	arg1	AGEs					797:800	AGEs	797:800	AGEs	797:800	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	43	theme	advanced	764:771	arg1	end-products					783:794	advanced glycation end-products	764:794	advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	764:801	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	44	theme	glycosaminoglycans	825:842	arg1	mineralization					732:745	mineralization	732:745	mineralization	732:745	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	44	theme	glycosaminoglycans	825:842	arg1	accumulation					748:759	accumulation	748:759	accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	748:801	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	44	theme	glycosaminoglycans	825:842	arg1	depletion					812:820	the depletion	808:820	the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation	808:932	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	45	theme	glycation	773:781	arg1	AGEs					797:800	AGEs	797:800	AGEs	797:800	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	45	theme	glycation	773:781	arg1	end-products					783:794	advanced glycation end-products	764:794	advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	764:801	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	8	46	theme	collagen	1216:1223	arg1	fibers					1225:1230	native and modified collagen fibers	1196:1230	native and modified collagen fibers	1196:1230	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	5	47	theme	end-products	783:794	arg1	mineralization					732:745	mineralization	732:745	mineralization	732:745	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	47	theme	end-products	783:794	arg1	accumulation					748:759	accumulation	748:759	accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	748:801	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	47	theme	end-products	783:794	arg1	depletion					812:820	the depletion	808:820	the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation	808:932	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	8	48	theme	mechanical	1173:1182	arg1	strength					1184:1191	the mechanical strength	1169:1191	the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers	1169:1230	In general, MMP digestion led to a reduction in the mechanical strength of native and modified collagen fibers.
28634008	10	49	theme	MMP-generated	1385:1397	arg1	fragments					1399:1407	MMP-generated fragments	1385:1407	MMP-generated fragments	1385:1407	In contrast, MMP-generated fragments were not or only poorly cleaved by non-collagenolytic cathepsins such as cathepsin V (CatV).
28634008	1	50	theme	various	126:132	arg1	pathologies					134:144	various pathologies	126:144	various pathologies	126:144	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	6	51	theme	AGE-modified	988:999	arg1	fibers					1010:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28634008	7	52	theme	collagen	1111:1118	arg1	degradation					1096:1106	MMP-mediated degradation	1083:1106	MMP-mediated degradation of collagen	1083:1118	GAGs had no effect on MMP-mediated degradation of collagen.
28634008	11	53	theme	fibers	1688:1693	arg1	integrity					1666:1674	the structural and mechanic integrity	1638:1674	the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers	1638:1693	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	7	54	theme	MMP-mediated	1083:1094	arg1	degradation					1096:1106	MMP-mediated degradation	1083:1106	MMP-mediated degradation of collagen	1083:1118	GAGs had no effect on MMP-mediated degradation of collagen.
28634008	2	55	theme	abundant	291:298	arg1	proteins					307:314	the most abundant matrix proteins	282:314	the most abundant matrix proteins	282:314	Collagens represent the most abundant matrix proteins and provide for the overall stiffness and resilience of tissues.
28634008	1	56	from	integrity	226:234	arg1	composition					180:190	the composition	176:190	the composition	176:190	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	2	57	dep	stiffness	344:352	arg1	the					332:334	the	332:334	the	332:334	Collagens represent the most abundant matrix proteins and provide for the overall stiffness and resilience of tissues.
28634008	1	58	theme	connective	243:252	arg1	tissue					254:259	the connective tissue	239:259	the connective tissue	239:259	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	5	59	mod	modified	720:727	arg3	depletion					812:820	the depletion	808:820	the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation	808:932	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	59	mod	modified	720:727	arg3	mineralization					732:745	mineralization	732:745	mineralization	732:745	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	59	mod	modified	720:727	arg1	collagens					706:714	collagens	706:714	collagens	706:714	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	5	59	mod	modified	720:727	arg3	accumulation					748:759	accumulation	748:759	accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	748:801	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	11	60	theme	collagen	1679:1686	arg1	fibers					1688:1693	collagen fibers	1679:1693	collagen fibers	1679:1693	In conclusion, our data indicate that aging and disease-associated collagen modifications reduce tissue remodeling by MMPs and decrease the structural and mechanic integrity of collagen fibers, which both may exacerbate extracellular matrix pathology.
28634008	1	61	theme	tissue	254:259	arg1	integrity					226:234	the structural and mechanical integrity	196:234	the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue	196:259	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	1	61	theme	tissue	254:259	arg1	alterations					161:171	alterations	161:171	alterations in the composition	161:190	The natural aging process and various pathologies correlate with alterations in the composition and the structural and mechanical integrity of the connective tissue.
28634008	6	62	from	collagenolysis	954:967	arg1	fibers					1010:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28634008	5	63	theme	fiber	865:869	arg1	stability					871:879	fiber stability	865:879	fiber stability	865:879	During aging, collagens are modified by mineralization, accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the depletion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which affect fiber stability and their susceptibility to MMP-mediated degradation.
28634008	0	64	theme	matrix	69:74	arg1	metalloproteinases					76:93	matrix metalloproteinases	69:93	matrix metalloproteinases	69:93	Aging-associated modifications of collagen affect its degradation by matrix metalloproteinases.
28634008	6	65	theme	mineralized	972:982	arg1	fibers					1010:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28634008	3	66	theme	respiratory	557:567	arg1	malfunctions					569:580	cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions	538:580	cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions	538:580	The structural changes of collagens and their susceptibility to degradation are associated with skin wrinkling, bone and cartilage deterioration, as well as cardiovascular and respiratory malfunctions.
28634008	9	67	with	degradation	1250:1260	arg1	MMPs					1267:1270	MMPs	1267:1270	MMPs	1267:1270	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	9	67	with	degradation	1250:1260	arg1	collagenase					1299:1309	the cysteine-dependent collagenase	1276:1309	the cysteine-dependent collagenase	1276:1309	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	9	67	with	degradation	1250:1260	arg1	K					1322:1322	cathepsin K	1312:1322	cathepsin K (CatK)	1312:1329	Successive fiber degradation with MMPs and the cysteine-dependent collagenase, cathepsin K (CatK), resulted in their complete degradation.
28634008	6	68	theme	collagen	1001:1008	arg1	fibers					1010:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers	972:1015	We found a reduced collagenolysis in mineralized and AGE-modified collagen fibers when compared to native fibrillar collagen.
28192727	6	0	theme	growth	1024:1029	arg1	rate					1031:1034	growth rate	1024:1034	growth rate	1024:1034	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	11	1	theme	first	2091:2095	arg1	study					2097:2101	the first study	2087:2101	the first study	2087:2101	To our knowledge, this was the first study to show aquatic plants can uptake and metabolize sucralose as a carbon source.
28192727	1	2	theme	many	250:253	arg1	compounds					255:263	many compounds	250:263	many compounds	250:263	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	1	3	theme	personal	118:125	arg1	products					132:139	personal care products	118:139	personal care products (PPCP)	118:146	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	1	3	theme	personal	118:125	arg1	PPCP					142:145	PPCP	142:145	PPCP	142:145	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	7	4	theme	L.	1363:1364	arg1	13C					1356:1358	δ 13C	1354:1358	δ 13C	1354:1358	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	7	4	theme	L.	1363:1364	arg1	area					1319:1322	green leaf area	1308:1322	green leaf area	1308:1322	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	7	4	theme	L.	1363:1364	arg1	capacity					1340:1347	photosynthetic capacity	1325:1347	photosynthetic capacity	1325:1347	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	8	5	from	amendments	1453:1462	arg1	increase					1420:1427	The increase	1416:1427	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model	1416:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	8	5	from	amendments	1453:1462	arg1	13C					1434:1436	δ 13C	1432:1436	δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model	1432:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	1	6	theme	aquatic	165:171	arg1	systems					173:179	aquatic systems	165:179	aquatic systems	165:179	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	4	7	theme	studies	778:784	arg1	lack					761:764	lack	761:764	lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants	761:816	A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants.
28192727	10	8	theme	responsible	1952:1962	arg1	mechanisms					1941:1950	the mechanisms	1937:1950	the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment	1937:2057	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	9	9	theme	mixotrophic	1655:1665	arg1	plant-can					1667:1675	L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can	1644:1675	L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can	1644:1675	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	6	10	theme	carbon	1072:1077	arg1	discrimination					1101:1114	discrimination	1101:1114	discrimination relative to a standard	1101:1137	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	6	10	theme	carbon	1072:1077	arg1	composition					1088:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition	1066:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C)	1066:1144	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	6	11	dep	discrimination	1101:1114	arg1	δ13C					1140:1143	δ13C	1140:1143	δ13C	1140:1143	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	11	12	theme	aquatic	2111:2117	arg1	plants					2119:2124	aquatic plants	2111:2124	aquatic plants can uptake	2111:2135	To our knowledge, this was the first study to show aquatic plants can uptake and metabolize sucralose as a carbon source.
28192727	1	13	theme	care	127:130	arg1	products					132:139	personal care products	118:139	personal care products (PPCP)	118:146	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	1	13	theme	care	127:130	arg1	PPCP					142:145	PPCP	142:145	PPCP	142:145	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	11	14	dep	plants	2119:2124	arg1	can					2126:2128	can	2126:2128	can	2126:2128	To our knowledge, this was the first study to show aquatic plants can uptake and metabolize sucralose as a carbon source.
28192727	1	15	from	fate	190:193	arg1	plants					218:223	aquatic plants	210:223	aquatic plants	210:223	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	5	16	theme	ecotoxicological	843:858	arg1	assessments					860:870	laboratory ecotoxicological assessments	832:870	laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function	832:985	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	12	17	theme	PPCP	2277:2280	arg1	bioremediation					2259:2272	bioremediation	2259:2272	bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters	2259:2297	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	7	18	theme	leaf	1314:1317	arg1	area					1319:1322	green leaf area	1308:1322	green leaf area	1308:1322	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	10	19	theme	unprecedented	2018:2030	arg1	mechanisms					1941:1950	the mechanisms	1937:1950	the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment	1937:2057	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	10	20	theme	minor	1812:1816	arg1	growth					1823:1828	L. minor root growth	1809:1828	L. minor root growth	1809:1828	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	1	21	from	systems	173:179	arg1	prevalent					152:160	prevalent	152:160	prevalent	152:160	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	8	22	theme	δ	1432:1432	arg1	13C					1434:1436	δ 13C	1432:1436	δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model	1432:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	10	23	theme	extreme	1995:2001	arg1	concentrations					2003:2016	these extreme concentrations	1989:2016	these extreme concentrations	1989:2016	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	0	24	theme	aquatic	70:76	arg1	Lemna					85:89	the aquatic plant, Lemna minor	66:95	Lemna	85:89	Ecotoxicological assessments show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor.
28192727	12	25	dep	notion	2221:2226	arg1	useful					2249:2254	useful	2249:2254	useful	2249:2254	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	2	26	theme	minor	424:428	arg1	Lemna					418:422	Lemna minor	418:428	Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies)	418:500	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	12	27	from	useful	2249:2254	arg1	bioremediation					2259:2272	bioremediation	2259:2272	bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters	2259:2297	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	9	28	theme	leaf	1735:1738	arg1	area					1740:1743	its green leaf area	1725:1743	its green leaf area	1725:1743	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	2	29	dep	fluoxetine	328:337	arg1	antidepressant					343:356	antidepressant	343:356	antidepressant	343:356	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	0	30	theme	minor	91:95	arg1	Lemna					85:89	the aquatic plant, Lemna minor	66:95	Lemna	85:89	Ecotoxicological assessments show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor.
28192727	4	31	theme	priori	704:709	arg1	hypotheses					711:720	A priori hypotheses	702:720	A priori hypotheses	702:720	A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants.
28192727	8	32	from	increase	1420:1427	arg1	amendments					1453:1462	sucralose amendments	1443:1462	sucralose amendments	1443:1462	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	8	32	from	increase	1420:1427	arg1	model					1486:1490	an isotope-mixing model	1468:1490	an isotope-mixing model	1468:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	5	33	from	assessments	860:870	arg1	physiology					948:957	L. minor physiology	939:957	L. minor physiology	939:957	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	5	33	from	assessments	860:870	arg1	function					978:985	photosynthetic function	963:985	photosynthetic function	963:985	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	6	34	theme	root	1011:1014	arg1	length					1016:1021	root length	1011:1021	root length	1011:1021	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	0	35	theme	Ecotoxicological	0:15	arg1	assessments					17:27	Ecotoxicological assessments	0:27	Ecotoxicological assessments	0:27	Ecotoxicological assessments show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor.
28192727	5	36	theme	large	878:882	arg1	range					884:888	a large range	876:888	a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine	876:934	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	8	37	theme	substantial	1502:1512	arg1	uptake					1524:1529	substantial sucralose uptake	1502:1529	substantial sucralose uptake	1502:1529	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	12	38	dep	minor	2236:2240	arg1	L.					2233:2234	L. minor	2233:2240	L. minor	2233:2240	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	6	39	theme	green	994:998	arg1	area					1005:1008	Frond green leaf area	988:1008	Frond green leaf area	988:1008	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	10	40	theme	daily	1831:1835	arg1	rate					1844:1847	daily growth rate	1831:1847	daily growth rate	1831:1847	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	8	41	from	model	1486:1490	arg1	increase					1420:1427	The increase	1416:1427	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model	1416:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	8	41	from	model	1486:1490	arg1	13C					1434:1436	δ 13C	1432:1436	δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model	1432:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	12	42	from	wastewaters	2287:2297	arg1	PPCP					2277:2280	PPCP	2277:2280	PPCP from wastewaters	2277:2297	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	12	42	from	wastewaters	2287:2297	arg1	bioremediation					2259:2272	bioremediation	2259:2272	bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters	2259:2297	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	12	43	from	bioremediation	2259:2272	arg1	wastewaters					2287:2297	wastewaters	2287:2297	wastewaters	2287:2297	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	12	43	from	bioremediation	2259:2272	arg1	useful					2249:2254	useful	2249:2254	useful	2249:2254	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	2	44	dep	Lemna	418:422	arg1	plant					442:446	an aquatic plant	431:446	an aquatic plant in the environment	431:465	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	1	45	dep	fate	190:193	arg1	the					186:188	the	186:188	the	186:188	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	2	46	theme	artificial	305:314	arg1	sweetener					316:324	an artificial sweetener	302:324	an artificial sweetener	302:324	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	2	46	theme	artificial	305:314	arg1	sucralose					291:299	sucralose	291:299	sucralose (an artificial sweetener)	291:325	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	9	47	theme	break	1591:1595	arg1	down					1597:1600	break down	1591:1600	break down	1591:1600	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	6	48	theme	photosynthetic	1037:1050	arg1	capacity					1052:1059	photosynthetic capacity	1037:1059	photosynthetic capacity	1037:1059	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	3	49	theme	minor	600:604	arg1	L.					597:598	L. minor	597:604	L. minor	597:604	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
28192727	1	50	theme	aquatic	210:216	arg1	plants					218:223	aquatic plants	210:223	aquatic plants	210:223	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	5	51	theme	minor	942:946	arg1	physiology					948:957	L. minor physiology	939:957	L. minor physiology	939:957	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	9	52	theme	L.	1644:1645	arg1	plant-can					1667:1675	L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can	1644:1675	L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can	1644:1675	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	6	53	theme	relative	1116:1123	arg1	discrimination					1101:1114	discrimination	1101:1114	discrimination relative to a standard	1101:1137	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	6	53	theme	relative	1116:1123	arg1	composition					1088:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition	1066:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C)	1066:1144	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	7	54	theme	relevant	1391:1398	arg1	concentrations					1400:1413	environmentally relevant concentrations	1375:1413	environmentally relevant concentrations	1375:1413	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	7	55	theme	minor	1366:1370	arg1	L.					1363:1364	L. minor	1363:1370	L. minor	1363:1370	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	4	56	theme	previous	769:776	arg1	studies					778:784	previous studies	769:784	previous studies examining its impacts on plants	769:816	A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants.
28192727	6	57	theme	isotopic	1079:1086	arg1	discrimination					1101:1114	discrimination	1101:1114	discrimination relative to a standard	1101:1137	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	6	57	theme	isotopic	1079:1086	arg1	composition					1088:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition	1066:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C)	1066:1144	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	3	58	theme	plant	684:688	arg1	metabolism					690:699	plant metabolism	684:699	plant metabolism	684:699	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
28192727	7	59	theme	δ	1354:1354	arg1	13C					1356:1358	δ 13C	1354:1358	δ 13C	1354:1358	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	9	60	theme	minor-a	1647:1653	arg1	plant-can					1667:1675	L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can	1644:1675	L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can	1644:1675	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	5	61	theme	laboratory	832:841	arg1	assessments					860:870	laboratory ecotoxicological assessments	832:870	laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function	832:985	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	2	62	from	plant	442:446	arg1	environment					455:465	the environment	451:465	the environment	451:465	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	7	63	theme	photosynthetic	1325:1338	arg1	capacity					1340:1347	photosynthetic capacity	1325:1347	photosynthetic capacity	1325:1347	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	1	64	from	impacts	199:205	arg1	plants					218:223	aquatic plants	210:223	aquatic plants	210:223	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	10	65	theme	root	1818:1821	arg1	growth					1823:1828	L. minor root growth	1809:1828	L. minor root growth	1809:1828	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	2	66	theme	ecotoxicology	479:491	arg1	studies					493:499	ecotoxicology studies	479:499	ecotoxicology studies	479:499	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	8	67	theme	13C	1434:1436	arg1	increase					1420:1427	The increase	1416:1427	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model	1416:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	12	68	theme	common	2214:2219	arg1	notion					2221:2226	the common notion	2210:2226	the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters	2210:2297	This study further supports the common notion that L. minor can be useful in bioremediation of PPCP from wastewaters.
28192727	10	69	theme	concentrations	2003:2016	arg1	applicability					1972:1984	the applicability	1968:1984	the applicability of these extreme concentrations	1968:2016	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	0	70	theme	plant	78:82	arg1	Lemna					85:89	the aquatic plant, Lemna minor	66:95	Lemna	85:89	Ecotoxicological assessments show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor.
28192727	10	71	theme	L.	1809:1810	arg1	growth					1823:1828	L. minor root growth	1809:1828	L. minor root growth	1809:1828	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	8	72	theme	sucralose	1443:1451	arg1	amendments					1453:1462	sucralose amendments	1443:1462	sucralose amendments	1443:1462	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	7	73	theme	green	1308:1312	arg1	area					1319:1322	green leaf area	1308:1322	green leaf area	1308:1322	Contrary to our predictions, sucralose significantly increased green leaf area, photosynthetic capacity, and δ 13C of L. minor at environmentally relevant concentrations.
28192727	4	74	from	impacts	800:806	arg1	plants					811:816	plants	811:816	plants	811:816	A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants.
28192727	9	75	theme	green	1729:1733	arg1	area					1740:1743	its green leaf area	1725:1743	its green leaf area	1725:1743	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	10	76	theme	natural	2039:2045	arg1	environment					2047:2057	the natural environment	2035:2057	the natural environment	2035:2057	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	0	77	dep	show	29:32	arg1	affect					59:64	affect	59:64	show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor	29:95	Ecotoxicological assessments show sucralose and fluoxetine affect the aquatic plant, Lemna minor.
28192727	1	78	from	prevalent	152:160	arg1	systems					173:179	aquatic systems	165:179	aquatic systems	165:179	Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP) are prevalent in aquatic systems, yet the fate and impacts on aquatic plants needs quantification for many compounds.
28192727	5	79	theme	concentrations	893:906	arg1	range					884:888	a large range	876:888	a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine	876:934	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	6	80	theme	plant	1066:1070	arg1	discrimination					1101:1114	discrimination	1101:1114	discrimination relative to a standard	1101:1137	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	6	80	theme	plant	1066:1070	arg1	composition					1088:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition	1066:1098	plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C)	1066:1144	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	8	81	theme	isotope-mixing	1471:1484	arg1	model					1486:1490	an isotope-mixing model	1468:1490	an isotope-mixing model	1468:1490	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	5	82	theme	sucralose	911:919	arg1	concentrations					893:906	concentrations	893:906	concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine	893:934	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	2	83	theme	aquatic	434:440	arg1	plant					442:446	an aquatic plant	431:446	an aquatic plant in the environment	431:465	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	4	84	theme	A	702:702	arg1	hypotheses					711:720	A priori hypotheses	702:720	A priori hypotheses	702:720	A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants.
28192727	8	85	theme	sucralose	1514:1522	arg1	uptake					1524:1529	substantial sucralose uptake	1502:1529	substantial sucralose uptake	1502:1529	The increase of δ 13C from sucralose amendments and an isotope-mixing model indicated substantial sucralose uptake and assimilation within the plant.
28192727	6	86	theme	leaf	1000:1003	arg1	area					1005:1008	Frond green leaf area	988:1008	Frond green leaf area	988:1008	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	10	87	theme	growth	1837:1842	arg1	rate					1844:1847	daily growth rate	1831:1847	daily growth rate	1831:1847	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	10	88	from	unprecedented	2018:2030	arg1	environment					2047:2057	the natural environment	2035:2057	the natural environment	2035:2057	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	6	89	theme	Frond	988:992	arg1	area					1005:1008	Frond green leaf area	988:1008	Frond green leaf area	988:1008	Frond green leaf area, root length, growth rate, photosynthetic capacity, and plant carbon isotopic composition (discrimination relative to a standard; δ13C) were measured among treatments ranging from 0 to 15000nmol/L-sucralose and 0-323nmol/L-fluoxetine.
28192727	2	90	theme	other	364:368	arg1	PPCP					370:373	other PPCP	364:373	other PPCP	364:373	We measured and detected sucralose (an artificial sweetener), fluoxetine (an antidepressant), and other PPCP in the Portneuf River in Idaho, USA, where Lemna minor (an aquatic plant in the environment and used in ecotoxicology studies) naturally occurs.
28192727	5	91	theme	photosynthetic	963:976	arg1	function					978:985	photosynthetic function	963:985	photosynthetic function	963:985	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	11	92	theme	carbon	2167:2172	arg1	sucralose					2152:2160	sucralose	2152:2160	sucralose	2152:2160	To our knowledge, this was the first study to show aquatic plants can uptake and metabolize sucralose as a carbon source.
28192727	11	92	theme	carbon	2167:2172	arg1	source					2174:2179	a carbon source	2165:2179	a carbon source	2165:2179	To our knowledge, this was the first study to show aquatic plants can uptake and metabolize sucralose as a carbon source.
28192727	10	93	theme	asexual	1854:1860	arg1	reproduction					1862:1873	asexual reproduction	1854:1873	asexual reproduction	1854:1873	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	4	94	theme	due	754:756	arg1	fluoxetine					743:752	fluoxetine	743:752	fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants	743:816	A priori hypotheses were not created for fluoxetine due to lack of previous studies examining its impacts on plants.
28192727	9	95	theme	photosynthetic	1749:1762	arg1	capacity					1764:1771	photosynthetic capacity	1749:1771	photosynthetic capacity	1749:1771	Unlike humans who cannot break down and utilize sucralose, we documented that L. minor-a mixotrophic plant-can use sucralose as a sugar substitute to increase its green leaf area and photosynthetic capacity.
28192727	10	96	from	environment	2047:2057	arg1	unprecedented					2018:2030	unprecedented	2018:2030	unprecedented	2018:2030	Fluoxetine significantly decreased L. minor root growth, daily growth rate, and asexual reproduction at 323nmol/L-fluoxetine; however, ambiguity remains regarding the mechanisms responsible and the applicability of these extreme concentrations unprecedented in the natural environment.
28192727	5	97	theme	fluoxetine	925:934	arg1	concentrations					893:906	concentrations	893:906	concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine	893:934	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	3	98	theme	L.	597:598	arg1	growth					587:592	growth	587:592	growth	587:592	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
28192727	3	98	theme	L.	597:598	arg1	photosynthesis					568:581	photosynthesis	568:581	photosynthesis	568:581	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
28192727	5	99	theme	L.	939:940	arg1	physiology					948:957	L. minor physiology	939:957	L. minor physiology	939:957	We conducted laboratory ecotoxicological assessments for a large range of concentrations of sucralose and fluoxetine on L. minor physiology and photosynthetic function.
28192727	3	100	theme	chlorinated	629:639	arg1	sucralose					614:622	sucralose	614:622	sucralose	614:622	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
28192727	3	100	theme	chlorinated	629:639	arg1	molecule					641:648	a chlorinated molecule	627:648	a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism	627:699	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
28192727	3	100	theme	chlorinated	629:639	arg1	toxic					662:666	toxic	662:666	toxic	662:666	Sucralose was hypothesized to negatively affect photosynthesis and growth of L. minor because sucralose is a chlorinated molecule that may be toxic or unusable for plant metabolism.
27981449	0	0	theme	Protein	77:83	arg1	Stability					85:93	Protein Stability	77:93	Protein Stability	77:93	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	4	1	from	trehalose	584:592	arg1	solutions					604:612	frozen solutions	597:612	frozen solutions	597:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	3	2	theme	mannitol	476:483	arg1	crystallinity					459:471	the crystallinity	455:471	the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	455:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	5	3	theme	BSA	742:744	arg1	structure					729:737	The secondary structure	715:737	The secondary structure of BSA	715:744	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	6	4	theme	BSA	914:916	arg1	unfolding					901:909	unfolding	901:909	unfolding of BSA	901:916	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization was accompanied by unfolding of BSA.
27981449	1	5	from	formulations	153:164	arg1	PURPOSE					96:102	PURPOSE	96:102	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations	96:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	2	6	theme	composition	341:351	arg1	function					329:336	a function	327:336	a function of composition	327:351	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	2	6	theme	composition	341:351	arg1	Crystallization					244:258	Crystallization	244:258	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions	244:304	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	9	7	theme	mass	1181:1184	arg1	ratio					1186:1190	trehalose mass ratio	1171:1190	trehalose mass ratio	1171:1190	At high BSA to trehalose mass ratio, the protein could stabilize itself in the frozen state, but unfolded upon thawing.
27981449	5	8	theme	secondary	719:727	arg1	structure					729:737	The secondary structure	715:737	The secondary structure of BSA	715:744	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	0	9	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	State					41:45	the State	37:45	the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability	37:93	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	3	10	theme	trehalose	489:497	arg1	crystallinity					459:471	the crystallinity	455:471	the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	455:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	4	11	theme	mannitol	571:578	arg1	trehalose					584:592	trehalose	584:592	trehalose in frozen solutions	584:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	4	11	theme	mannitol	571:578	arg1	crystallinity					554:566	The crystallinity	550:566	The crystallinity of mannitol	550:578	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	4	11	theme	mannitol	571:578	arg1	METHODS					542:548	METHODS	542:548	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	542:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	0	12	theme	Stability	85:93	arg1	State					41:45	the State	37:45	the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability	37:93	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	4	13	dep	METHODS	542:548	arg1	trehalose					584:592	trehalose	584:592	trehalose in frozen solutions	584:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	4	13	dep	METHODS	542:548	arg1	crystallinity					554:566	The crystallinity	550:566	The crystallinity of mannitol	550:578	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	4	13	dep	METHODS	542:548	arg1	METHODS					542:548	METHODS	542:548	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	542:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	10	14	theme	physical	1370:1377	arg1	state					1379:1383	the physical state	1366:1383	the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API	1366:1445	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	6	15	theme	Trehalose	856:864	arg1	crystallization					866:880	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization	848:880	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization	848:880	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization was accompanied by unfolding of BSA.
27981449	2	16	theme	frozen	289:294	arg1	solutions					296:304	frozen solutions	289:304	frozen solutions	289:304	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	4	17	from	crystallinity	554:566	arg1	solutions					604:612	frozen solutions	597:612	frozen solutions	597:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	8	18	theme	w/w	1048:1050	arg1	D2O					1039:1041	D2O	1039:1041	D2O (≥5% w/w)	1039:1051	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	18	theme	w/w	1048:1050	arg1	%					1046:1046	≥5% w/w	1044:1050	≥5% w/w	1044:1050	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	3	19	theme	excipients	441:450	arg1	concentrations					405:418	concentrations	405:418	concentrations of the API and other excipients	405:450	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	3	20	theme	frozen	502:507	arg1	solutions					509:517	frozen solutions	502:517	frozen solutions	502:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	4	21	theme	Scanning	648:655	arg1	Calorimetry					657:667	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	635:667	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	635:667	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	5	22	theme	Dichroism	779:787	arg1	spectroscopy					789:800	FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy	760:800	spectroscopy	789:800	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	5	23	from	spectroscopy	789:800	arg1	solutions					823:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	9	24	theme	high	1159:1162	arg1	BSA					1164:1166	high BSA	1159:1166	high BSA to trehalose mass ratio	1159:1190	At high BSA to trehalose mass ratio, the protein could stabilize itself in the frozen state, but unfolded upon thawing.
27981449	2	25	theme	mannitol	277:284	arg1	function					329:336	a function	327:336	a function of composition	327:351	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	2	25	theme	mannitol	277:284	arg1	Crystallization					244:258	Crystallization	244:258	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions	244:304	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	4	26	theme	Differential	635:646	arg1	Calorimetry					657:667	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	635:667	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	635:667	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	8	27	theme	native	1135:1140	arg1	conformation					1142:1153	its native conformation	1131:1153	its native conformation	1131:1153	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	10	28	theme	concentrate	1399:1409	arg1	stability					1426:1434	the stability	1422:1434	the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API	1366:1445	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	10	28	theme	concentrate	1399:1409	arg1	state					1379:1383	the physical state	1366:1383	the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API	1366:1445	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	1	29	from	excipients	126:135	arg1	formulations					153:164	freeze-dried formulations	140:164	freeze-dried formulations	140:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	3	30	theme	detailed	373:380	arg1	study					382:386	a detailed study	371:386	a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	371:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	10	31	theme	freeze	1392:1397	arg1	concentrate					1399:1409	the freeze concentrate	1388:1409	the freeze concentrate	1388:1409	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	3	32	from	crystallinity	459:471	arg1	solutions					509:517	frozen solutions	502:517	frozen solutions	502:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	3	32	from	crystallinity	459:471	arg1	study					382:386	a detailed study	371:386	a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	371:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	3	33	theme	concentrations	405:418	arg1	effect					395:400	the effect	391:400	the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	391:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	0	34	theme	Interactions	21:32	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability	0:93	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	9	35	theme	trehalose	1171:1179	arg1	ratio					1186:1190	trehalose mass ratio	1171:1190	trehalose mass ratio	1171:1190	At high BSA to trehalose mass ratio, the protein could stabilize itself in the frozen state, but unfolded upon thawing.
27981449	0	36	dep	Freeze-Concentrate	54:71	arg1	the					50:52	the	50:52	the	50:52	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	2	37	from	Crystallization	244:258	arg1	solutions					296:304	frozen solutions	289:304	frozen solutions	289:304	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	3	38	theme	other	435:439	arg1	excipients					441:450	other excipients	435:450	other excipients	435:450	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	0	39	theme	Excipient	11:19	arg1	Interactions					21:32	Excipient Interactions	11:32	Excipient Interactions	11:32	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	8	40	theme	low	1057:1059	arg1	concentrations					1061:1074	low concentrations	1057:1074	low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w)	1057:1104	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	40	theme	low	1057:1059	arg1	%					1099:1099	≤0.2% w/w	1095:1103	≤0.2% w/w	1095:1103	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	41	from	retention	1111:1119	arg1	conformation					1142:1153	its native conformation	1131:1153	its native conformation	1131:1153	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	1	42	theme	active	204:209	arg1	API					238:240	API	238:240	API	238:240	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	1	42	theme	active	204:209	arg1	ingredient					226:235	the active pharmaceutical ingredient	200:235	the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)	200:241	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	10	43	theme	concentration-dependent	1323:1345	arg1	manner					1347:1352	a concentration-dependent manner	1321:1352	a concentration-dependent manner	1321:1352	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	8	44	theme	polysorbate	1079:1089	arg1	%					1099:1099	≤0.2% w/w	1095:1103	≤0.2% w/w	1095:1103	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	44	theme	polysorbate	1079:1089	arg1	D2O					1039:1041	D2O	1039:1041	D2O (≥5% w/w)	1039:1051	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	44	theme	polysorbate	1079:1089	arg1	%					1046:1046	≥5% w/w	1044:1050	≥5% w/w	1044:1050	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	44	theme	polysorbate	1079:1089	arg1	concentrations					1061:1074	low concentrations	1057:1074	low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w)	1057:1104	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	3	45	theme	API	427:429	arg1	concentrations					405:418	concentrations	405:418	concentrations of the API and other excipients	405:450	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	1	46	theme	pharmaceutical	211:224	arg1	API					238:240	API	238:240	API	238:240	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	1	46	theme	pharmaceutical	211:224	arg1	ingredient					226:235	the active pharmaceutical ingredient	200:235	the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)	200:241	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	3	47	theme	effect	395:400	arg1	study					382:386	a detailed study	371:386	a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	371:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	8	48	theme	Similar	997:1003	arg1	effects					1005:1011	Similar effects	997:1011	Similar effects	997:1011	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	6	49	theme	RESULTS	848:854	arg1	crystallization					866:880	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization	848:880	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization	848:880	RESULTS Trehalose crystallization was accompanied by unfolding of BSA.
27981449	5	50	theme	frozen	805:810	arg1	solutions					823:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	1	51	theme	ingredient	226:235	arg1	stability					187:195	the stability	183:195	the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)	183:241	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	5	52	theme	Circular	770:777	arg1	spectroscopy					789:800	FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy	760:800	spectroscopy	789:800	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	8	53	theme	BSA	1124:1126	arg1	retention					1111:1119	retention	1111:1119	retention of BSA in its native conformation	1111:1153	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	10	54	from	excipients	1306:1315	arg1	manner					1347:1352	a concentration-dependent manner	1321:1352	a concentration-dependent manner	1321:1352	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	1	55	theme	physical	108:115	arg1	state					117:121	The physical state	104:121	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations	96:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	3	56	from	effect	395:400	arg1	crystallinity					459:471	the crystallinity	455:471	the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	455:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	7	57	theme	mannitol	957:964	arg1	extent					947:952	the extent	943:952	the extent of mannitol and trehalose crystallization	943:994	BSA delayed and reduced the extent of mannitol and trehalose crystallization.
27981449	4	58	theme	FTIR	696:699	arg1	spectroscopy					701:712	FTIR spectroscopy	696:712	FTIR spectroscopy	696:712	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	1	59	from	PURPOSE	96:102	arg1	formulations					153:164	freeze-dried formulations	140:164	freeze-dried formulations	140:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	10	60	theme	API	1443:1445	arg1	stability					1426:1434	the stability	1422:1434	the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API	1366:1445	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	10	60	theme	API	1443:1445	arg1	state					1379:1383	the physical state	1366:1383	the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API	1366:1445	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	5	61	from	FTIR	760:763	arg1	solutions					823:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	3	62	dep	API	427:429	arg1	the					423:425	the	423:425	the	423:425	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	4	63	theme	X-ray	670:674	arg1	diffractometry					676:689	X-ray diffractometry	670:689	X-ray diffractometry	670:689	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	2	64	theme	trehalose	263:271	arg1	function					329:336	a function	327:336	a function of composition	327:351	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	2	64	theme	trehalose	263:271	arg1	Crystallization					244:258	Crystallization	244:258	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions	244:304	Crystallization of trehalose and mannitol in frozen solutions has been shown to be a function of composition.
27981449	1	65	theme	excipients	126:135	arg1	PURPOSE					96:102	PURPOSE	96:102	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations	96:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	7	66	dep	mannitol	957:964	arg1	crystallization					980:994	crystallization	980:994	crystallization	980:994	BSA delayed and reduced the extent of mannitol and trehalose crystallization.
27981449	0	67	theme	Freeze-Concentrate	54:71	arg1	State					41:45	the State	37:45	the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability	37:93	Effects of Excipient Interactions on the State of the Freeze-Concentrate and Protein Stability.
27981449	10	68	theme	other	1300:1304	arg1	excipients					1306:1315	other excipients	1300:1315	other excipients	1300:1315	CONCLUSIONS The API and other excipients, in a concentration-dependent manner, influenced the physical state of the freeze concentrate as well as the stability of the API.
27981449	5	69	theme	thawed	816:821	arg1	solutions					823:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	frozen and thawed solutions	805:831	The secondary structure of BSA was probed by FTIR, and Circular Dichroism spectroscopy in frozen and thawed solutions, respectively.
27981449	1	70	dep	PURPOSE	96:102	arg1	state					117:121	The physical state	104:121	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations	96:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
27981449	9	71	theme	frozen	1235:1240	arg1	state					1242:1246	the frozen state	1231:1246	the frozen state	1231:1246	At high BSA to trehalose mass ratio, the protein could stabilize itself in the frozen state, but unfolded upon thawing.
27981449	4	72	theme	frozen	597:602	arg1	solutions					604:612	frozen solutions	597:612	frozen solutions	597:612	METHODS The crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectroscopy.
27981449	8	73	theme	w/w	1101:1103	arg1	concentrations					1061:1074	low concentrations	1057:1074	low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w)	1057:1104	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	8	73	theme	w/w	1101:1103	arg1	%					1099:1099	≤0.2% w/w	1095:1103	≤0.2% w/w	1095:1103	Similar effects were observed upon adding D2O (≥5% w/w) and low concentrations of polysorbate 20 (≤0.2% w/w) with retention of BSA in its native conformation.
27981449	3	74	from	study	382:386	arg1	crystallinity					459:471	the crystallinity	455:471	the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions	455:517	However, to date a detailed study of the effect of concentrations of the API and other excipients on the crystallinity of mannitol and trehalose in frozen solutions has not been reported.
27981449	7	75	theme	trehalose	970:978	arg1	extent					947:952	the extent	943:952	the extent of mannitol and trehalose crystallization	943:994	BSA delayed and reduced the extent of mannitol and trehalose crystallization.
27981449	1	76	theme	freeze-dried	140:151	arg1	formulations					153:164	freeze-dried formulations	140:164	freeze-dried formulations	140:164	PURPOSE The physical state of excipients in freeze-dried formulations directly affects the stability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
26826551	4	0	theme	wide	933:936	arg1	range					941:945	a wide pH range	931:945	a wide pH range	931:945	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	8	1	theme	FTIR	1528:1531	arg1	method					1533:1538	the FTIR method	1524:1538	the FTIR method	1524:1538	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	0	2	with	complexes	69:77	arg1	biomacromolecules					84:100	biomacromolecules	84:100	biomacromolecules	84:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	7	3	theme	non-covalent	1337:1348	arg1	complexes					1350:1358	non-covalent complexes	1337:1358	non-covalent complexes	1337:1358	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	8	4	theme	-20	1754:1756	arg1	mV					1758:1759	mV	1758:1759	mV	1758:1759	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	0	5	with	conjugates	54:63	arg1	biomacromolecules					84:100	biomacromolecules	84:100	biomacromolecules	84:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	2	6	theme	COC	266:268	arg1	peak					270:273	the PEG COC peak	258:273	the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1))	258:290	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	6	theme	COC	266:268	arg1	band					326:329	the main analytically valuable band	295:329	the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	295:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	5	7	theme	covalent	1102:1109	arg1	conjugates					1111:1120	PEG-containing covalent conjugates	1087:1120	PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan	1087:1134	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	7	8	theme	PEG	1370:1372	arg1	content					1374:1380	PEG content	1370:1380	PEG content	1370:1380	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	3	9	from	characteristics	772:786	arg1	spectrum					824:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	4	10	theme	unreliable	1000:1009	arg1	methods					1011:1017	laborious and unreliable methods	986:1017	laborious and unreliable methods	986:1017	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	8	11	theme	complex	1630:1636	arg1	formation					1603:1611	the formation	1599:1611	the formation of electrostatic complex	1599:1636	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	4	12	dep	polymerization	874:887	arg1	degree					889:894	degree	889:894	degree	889:894	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	3	13	theme	reagent-free	644:655	arg1	"					656:656	"reagent-free"	643:656	"reagent-free"	643:656	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	3	13	theme	reagent-free	644:655	arg1	method					623:628	The proposed method	610:628	The proposed method	610:628	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	2	14	theme	groups	482:487	arg1	bands					446:450	absorption bands	435:450	absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	435:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	9	15	theme	results	1798:1804	arg1	comparison					1780:1789	Direct comparison	1773:1789	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods	1773:1864	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	0	16	theme	FTIR	111:114	arg1	spectroscopy					116:127	FTIR spectroscopy	111:127	FTIR spectroscopy	111:127	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	2	17	theme	principal	461:469	arg1	proteins					492:499	proteins	492:499	proteins	492:499	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	17	theme	principal	461:469	arg1	biopolymers					511:521	other biopolymers	505:521	other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	505:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	17	theme	principal	461:469	arg1	groups					482:487	other principal functional groups	455:487	other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	455:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	4	18	theme	laborious	986:994	arg1	methods					1011:1017	laborious and unreliable methods	986:1017	laborious and unreliable methods	986:1017	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	2	19	theme	other	505:509	arg1	biopolymers					511:521	other biopolymers	505:521	other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	505:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	8	20	from	nm	1710:1711	arg1	increase					1659:1666	the increase	1655:1666	the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV)	1655:1770	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	20	from	nm	1710:1711	arg1	radius					1684:1689	the particle radius	1671:1689	the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm)	1671:1712	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	20	from	nm	1710:1711	arg1	neutralization					1733:1746	zeta-potential neutralization	1718:1746	zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV)	1718:1770	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	6	21	theme	conjugates	1219:1228	arg1	composition					1191:1201	The composition	1187:1201	The composition of PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability	1187:1263	The composition of PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability was determined by the method based on FTIR-spectroscopy.
26826551	8	22	theme	particle	1675:1682	arg1	radius					1684:1689	the particle radius	1671:1689	the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm)	1671:1712	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	2	23	theme	proteins	492:499	arg1	proteins					492:499	proteins	492:499	proteins	492:499	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	23	theme	proteins	492:499	arg1	biopolymers					511:521	other biopolymers	505:521	other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	505:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	23	theme	proteins	492:499	arg1	groups					482:487	other principal functional groups	455:487	other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	455:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	7	24	dep	complexes	1350:1358	arg1	only					1365:1368	only	1365:1368	only	1365:1368	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	3	25	theme	biomolecules	733:744	arg1	characteristics					772:786	the structural characteristics	757:786	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	3	25	theme	biomolecules	733:744	arg1	degree					723:728	the PEGylation degree	708:728	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	4	26	theme	PEG	870:872	arg1	polymerization					874:887	PEG polymerization degree or branching	870:907	polymerization	874:887	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	8	27	theme	80	1697:1698	arg1	nm					1700:1701	nm	1700:1701	nm	1700:1701	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	3	28	theme	characteristics	772:786	arg1	determination					691:703	fast and accurate determination	673:703	fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	673:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	9	29	theme	titration	1848:1856	arg1	methods					1858:1864	OPA titration methods	1844:1864	OPA titration methods	1844:1864	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	5	30	theme	complexes	1153:1161	arg1	range					1078:1082	the range	1074:1082	the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes	1074:1184	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	3	31	theme	degree	723:728	arg1	determination					691:703	fast and accurate determination	673:703	fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	673:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	1	32	theme	new	147:149	arg1	approach					151:158	a new approach	145:158	a new approach based on FTIR-spectroscopy for determining the degree of PEGylation in biomolecules	145:242	Here we report a new approach based on FTIR-spectroscopy for determining the degree of PEGylation in biomolecules.
26826551	2	33	from	cm	284:285	arg1	peak					270:273	the PEG COC peak	258:273	the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1))	258:290	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	33	from	cm	284:285	arg1	band					326:329	the main analytically valuable band	295:329	the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	295:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	8	34	dep	mV	1758:1759	arg1	to					1761:1762	to	1761:1762	to	1761:1762	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	5	35	theme	anionic	1168:1174	arg1	liposomes					1176:1184	anionic liposomes	1168:1184	anionic liposomes	1168:1184	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	2	36	theme	absorption	435:444	arg1	bands					446:450	absorption bands	435:450	absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	435:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	9	37	theme	good	1877:1880	arg1	agreement					1882:1890	very good agreement	1872:1890	very good agreement between the measurements	1872:1915	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	2	38	theme	IR	334:335	arg1	spectra					337:343	IR spectra	334:343	IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	334:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	6	39	theme	stability	1255:1263	arg1	composition					1191:1201	The composition	1187:1201	The composition of PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability	1187:1263	The composition of PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability was determined by the method based on FTIR-spectroscopy.
26826551	3	40	theme	bioconjugates	791:803	arg1	characteristics					772:786	the structural characteristics	757:786	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	3	40	theme	bioconjugates	791:803	arg1	degree					723:728	the PEGylation degree	708:728	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	0	41	from	analysis	27:34	arg1	complexes					69:77	complexes	69:77	complexes	69:77	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	0	41	from	analysis	27:34	arg1	conjugates					54:63	conjugates	54:63	conjugates	54:63	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	0	42	theme	New	0:2	arg1	approach					14:21	New versatile approach	0:21	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules	0:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	4	43	dep	it	955:956	arg1	replacement					971:981	a convenient replacement	958:981	it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods	955:1017	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	2	44	theme	systems	363:369	arg1	spectra					337:343	IR spectra	334:343	IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	334:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	3	45	theme	FTIR	819:822	arg1	spectrum					824:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	9	46	theme	Direct	1773:1778	arg1	comparison					1780:1789	Direct comparison	1773:1789	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods	1773:1864	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	3	47	from	degree	723:728	arg1	spectrum					824:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	5	48	theme	developed	1024:1032	arg1	approach					1034:1041	The developed approach	1020:1041	The developed approach	1020:1041	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	7	49	theme	PEG-containing	1417:1430	arg1	ligands					1432:1438	PEG-containing ligands	1417:1438	PEG-containing ligands	1417:1438	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	2	50	from	band	326:329	arg1	spectra					337:343	IR spectra	334:343	IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	334:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	8	51	from	mV	1768:1769	arg1	increase					1659:1666	the increase	1655:1666	the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV)	1655:1770	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	51	from	mV	1768:1769	arg1	radius					1684:1689	the particle radius	1671:1689	the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm)	1671:1712	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	51	from	mV	1768:1769	arg1	neutralization					1733:1746	zeta-potential neutralization	1718:1746	zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV)	1718:1770	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	9	52	theme	FTIR	1927:1930	arg1	method					1932:1937	the FTIR method	1923:1937	the FTIR method showing much lower deviation	1923:1966	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	0	53	theme	PEG	39:41	arg1	content					43:49	PEG content	39:49	PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules	39:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	5	54	theme	conjugates	1111:1120	arg1	range					1078:1082	the range	1074:1082	the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes	1074:1184	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	4	55	theme	convenient	960:969	arg1	replacement					971:981	a convenient replacement	958:981	it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods	955:1017	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	5	56	used	used	1060:1063	arg2	approach					1034:1041	The developed approach	1020:1041	The developed approach	1020:1041	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	4	57	theme	pH	938:939	arg1	range					941:945	a wide pH range	931:945	a wide pH range	931:945	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	8	58	theme	zeta-potential	1566:1579	arg1	experiments					1581:1591	zeta-potential experiments	1566:1591	zeta-potential experiments	1566:1591	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	5	59	theme	PEG-containing	1087:1100	arg1	conjugates					1111:1120	PEG-containing covalent conjugates	1087:1120	PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan	1087:1134	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	2	60	theme	biopolymers	511:521	arg1	proteins					492:499	proteins	492:499	proteins	492:499	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	60	theme	biopolymers	511:521	arg1	biopolymers					511:521	other biopolymers	505:521	other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	505:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	60	theme	biopolymers	511:521	arg1	groups					482:487	other principal functional groups	455:487	other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	455:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	7	61	theme	complexes	1350:1358	arg1	case					1329:1332	the case	1325:1332	the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content	1325:1380	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	4	62	theme	methods	1011:1017	arg1	replacement					971:981	a convenient replacement	958:981	it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods	955:1017	The measurement is not dependent on PEG polymerization degree or branching and can be applied in a wide pH range, making it a convenient replacement of laborious and unreliable methods.
26826551	8	63	theme	-12	1764:1766	arg1	mV					1758:1759	mV	1758:1759	mV	1758:1759	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	2	64	theme	PEG	262:264	arg1	peak					270:273	the PEG COC peak	258:273	the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1))	258:290	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	64	theme	PEG	262:264	arg1	band					326:329	the main analytically valuable band	295:329	the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	295:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	65	theme	hydroxyl	541:548	arg1	carbonyl					524:531	carbonyl	524:531	carbonyl	524:531	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	65	theme	hydroxyl	541:548	arg1	etc					550:552	hydroxyl etc	541:552	hydroxyl etc	541:552	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	3	66	theme	proposed	614:621	arg1	"					656:656	"reagent-free"	643:656	"reagent-free"	643:656	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	3	66	theme	proposed	614:621	arg1	method					623:628	The proposed method	610:628	The proposed method	610:628	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	8	67	theme	electrostatic	1616:1628	arg1	complex					1630:1636	electrostatic complex	1616:1636	electrostatic complex	1616:1636	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	68	from	increase	1659:1666	arg1	nm					1710:1711	80 nm to 105 nm	1697:1711	80 nm to 105 nm	1697:1711	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	68	from	increase	1659:1666	arg1	mV					1768:1769	-20 mV to -12 mV	1754:1769	-20 mV to -12 mV	1754:1769	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	68	from	increase	1659:1666	arg1	radius					1684:1689	the particle radius	1671:1689	the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm)	1671:1712	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	68	from	increase	1659:1666	arg1	neutralization					1733:1746	zeta-potential neutralization	1718:1746	zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV)	1718:1770	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	6	69	theme	storage	1247:1253	arg1	stability					1255:1263	their storage stability	1241:1263	PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability	1206:1263	The composition of PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability was determined by the method based on FTIR-spectroscopy.
26826551	2	70	theme	functional	471:480	arg1	proteins					492:499	proteins	492:499	proteins	492:499	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	70	theme	functional	471:480	arg1	biopolymers					511:521	other biopolymers	505:521	other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	505:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	70	theme	functional	471:480	arg1	groups					482:487	other principal functional groups	455:487	other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	455:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	0	71	from	complexes	69:77	arg1	analysis					27:34	analysis	27:34	analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules	27:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	2	72	dep	biopolymers	511:521	arg1	carbonyl					524:531	carbonyl	524:531	carbonyl	524:531	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	72	dep	biopolymers	511:521	arg1	amide					534:538	amide	534:538	amide	534:538	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	72	dep	biopolymers	511:521	arg1	etc					550:552	hydroxyl etc	541:552	hydroxyl etc	541:552	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	73	theme	other	455:459	arg1	proteins					492:499	proteins	492:499	proteins	492:499	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	73	theme	other	455:459	arg1	biopolymers					511:521	other biopolymers	505:521	other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	505:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	73	theme	other	455:459	arg1	groups					482:487	other principal functional groups	455:487	other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc)	455:553	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	0	74	from	conjugates	54:63	arg1	analysis					27:34	analysis	27:34	analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules	27:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	3	75	from	spectrum	824:831	arg1	characteristics					772:786	the structural characteristics	757:786	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	3	75	from	spectrum	824:831	arg1	bioconjugates					791:803	bioconjugates	791:803	bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	791:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	3	75	from	spectrum	824:831	arg1	degree					723:728	the PEGylation degree	708:728	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	9	76	theme	approach	1814:1821	arg1	results					1798:1804	the results	1794:1804	the results of FTIR approach	1794:1821	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	3	77	theme	fast	673:676	arg1	determination					691:703	fast and accurate determination	673:703	fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	673:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	1	78	from	degree	207:212	arg1	biomolecules					231:242	biomolecules	231:242	biomolecules	231:242	Here we report a new approach based on FTIR-spectroscopy for determining the degree of PEGylation in biomolecules.
26826551	2	79	theme	IR	598:599	arg1	spectra					601:607	the IR spectra	594:607	the IR spectra	594:607	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	9	80	theme	FTIR	1809:1812	arg1	approach					1814:1821	FTIR approach	1809:1821	FTIR approach	1809:1821	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	6	81	theme	PEG-chitosan	1206:1217	arg1	conjugates					1219:1228	PEG-chitosan conjugates	1206:1228	PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability	1206:1263	The composition of PEG-chitosan conjugates as well as their storage stability was determined by the method based on FTIR-spectroscopy.
26826551	9	82	theme	OPA	1844:1846	arg1	methods					1858:1864	OPA titration methods	1844:1864	OPA titration methods	1844:1864	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	5	83	theme	non-covalent	1140:1151	arg1	complexes					1153:1161	non-covalent complexes	1140:1161	non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes	1140:1184	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	3	84	theme	accurate	682:689	arg1	determination					691:703	fast and accurate determination	673:703	fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	673:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	5	85	with	complexes	1153:1161	arg1	chitosan					1127:1134	chitosan	1127:1134	chitosan	1127:1134	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	5	85	with	complexes	1153:1161	arg1	liposomes					1176:1184	anionic liposomes	1168:1184	anionic liposomes	1168:1184	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	3	86	theme	structural	761:770	arg1	characteristics					772:786	the structural characteristics	757:786	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	7	87	theme	liposome	1447:1454	arg1	membrane					1456:1463	the liposome membrane	1443:1463	the liposome membrane	1443:1463	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	0	88	from	content	43:49	arg1	complexes					69:77	complexes	69:77	complexes	69:77	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	0	88	from	content	43:49	arg1	conjugates					54:63	conjugates	54:63	conjugates	54:63	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	3	89	theme	PEGylation	712:721	arg1	degree					723:728	the PEGylation degree	708:728	the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum	708:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	8	90	theme	105	1706:1708	arg1	nm					1700:1701	nm	1700:1701	nm	1700:1701	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	3	91	theme	single	812:817	arg1	spectrum					824:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	a single FTIR spectrum	810:831	The proposed method is therefore "reagent-free" and allows for fast and accurate determination of the PEGylation degree of biomolecules as well as the structural characteristics of bioconjugates from a single FTIR spectrum.
26826551	0	92	theme	versatile	4:12	arg1	approach					14:21	New versatile approach	0:21	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules	0:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	2	93	dep	narrow	378:383	arg1	intense					396:402	intense	396:402	intense	396:402	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	9	94	theme	lower	1952:1956	arg1	deviation					1958:1966	much lower deviation	1947:1966	much lower deviation	1947:1966	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	2	95	theme	valuable	317:324	arg1	peak					270:273	the PEG COC peak	258:273	the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1))	258:290	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	95	theme	valuable	317:324	arg1	band					326:329	the main analytically valuable band	295:329	the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	295:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	8	96	theme	zeta-potential	1718:1731	arg1	neutralization					1733:1746	zeta-potential neutralization	1718:1746	zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV)	1718:1770	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	8	97	dep	nm	1700:1701	arg1	to					1703:1704	to	1703:1704	to	1703:1704	The results obtained by the FTIR method were confirmed by DLS and zeta-potential experiments where the formation of electrostatic complex was monitored by the increase in the particle radius (from 80 nm to 105 nm) and zeta-potential neutralization (from -20 mV to -12 mV).
26826551	2	98	theme	PEG-containing	348:361	arg1	systems					363:369	PEG-containing systems	348:369	PEG-containing systems	348:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	0	99	theme	content	43:49	arg1	analysis					27:34	analysis	27:34	analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules	27:100	New versatile approach for analysis of PEG content in conjugates and complexes with biomacromolecules based on FTIR spectroscopy.
26826551	7	100	theme	ligands	1432:1438	arg1	constants					1404:1412	the binding constants	1392:1412	but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane	1383:1463	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	9	101	with	comparison	1780:1789	arg1	that					1828:1831	that	1828:1831	that	1828:1831	Direct comparison of the results of FTIR approach with that of TNBS or OPA titration methods shows very good agreement between the measurements, with the FTIR method showing much lower deviation.
26826551	1	102	theme	PEGylation	217:226	arg1	degree					207:212	the degree	203:212	the degree of PEGylation in biomolecules	203:242	Here we report a new approach based on FTIR-spectroscopy for determining the degree of PEGylation in biomolecules.
26826551	7	103	theme	binding	1396:1402	arg1	constants					1404:1412	the binding constants	1392:1412	but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane	1383:1463	In the case of non-covalent complexes, not only PEG content, but also the binding constants of PEG-containing ligands to the liposome membrane were evaluated with this approach.
26826551	5	104	with	conjugates	1111:1120	arg1	chitosan					1127:1134	chitosan	1127:1134	chitosan	1127:1134	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	5	104	with	conjugates	1111:1120	arg1	liposomes					1176:1184	anionic liposomes	1168:1184	anionic liposomes	1168:1184	The developed approach was successfully used to study the range of PEG-containing covalent conjugates with chitosan and non-covalent complexes with anionic liposomes.
26826551	2	105	theme	main	299:302	arg1	peak					270:273	the PEG COC peak	258:273	the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1))	258:290	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26826551	2	105	theme	main	299:302	arg1	band					326:329	the main analytically valuable band	295:329	the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems	295:369	We show that the PEG COC peak (at 1089 cm(-1)) is the main analytically valuable band in IR spectra of PEG-containing systems: it is narrow and highly intense, it is well distinguished from absorption bands of other principal functional groups of proteins and other biopolymers (carbonyl, amide, hydroxyl etc), and therefore is easily identified in the IR spectra.
26125612	3	0	theme	cellulose	689:697	arg1	conversion					675:684	the subsequent enzymatic conversion	650:684	the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose	650:708	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	4	1	theme	enzymatic	866:874	arg1	digestibility					876:888	the enzymatic digestibility	862:888	the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples	862:907	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	5	2	theme	sugar	983:987	arg1	yields					989:994	total sugar yields	977:994	total sugar yields	977:994	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	1	3	theme	Combined	153:160	arg1	pretreatment					162:173	Combined pretreatment	153:173	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling	153:220	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	5	4	theme	bunch	1036:1040	arg1	samples					1067:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	3	5	theme	enzymatic	665:673	arg1	conversion					675:684	the subsequent enzymatic conversion	650:684	the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose	650:708	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	1	6	with	pretreatment	162:173	arg1	water					195:199	hot compressed water	180:199	hot compressed water	180:199	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	1	6	with	pretreatment	162:173	arg1	milling					214:220	wet disk milling	205:220	wet disk milling	205:220	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	5	7	theme	palm	1050:1053	arg1	samples					1067:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	0	8	theme	palm	83:86	arg1	structure					96:104	oil palm biomass structure	79:104	oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility	79:150	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	5	9	theme	yields	989:994	arg1	%					961:961	approximately 88.5%	943:961	approximately 88.5%	943:961	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	5	9	theme	yields	989:994	arg1	%					972:972	100.0%	967:972	100.0%	967:972	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	5	9	theme	yields	989:994	arg1	yields					989:994	total sugar yields	977:994	total sugar yields	977:994	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	5	10	theme	palm	1019:1022	arg1	bunch					1036:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	3	11	theme	wet	520:522	arg1	milling					529:535	wet disk milling	520:535	wet disk milling	520:535	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	0	12	theme	oil	79:81	arg1	structure					96:104	oil palm biomass structure	79:104	oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility	79:150	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	1	13	theme	maximal	342:348	arg1	access					350:355	maximal access	342:355	maximal access to cellulase attack	342:375	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	4	14	theme	pretreatments	745:757	arg1	effectiveness					715:727	The effectiveness	711:727	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments	711:757	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	3	15	theme	disk	524:527	arg1	milling					529:535	wet disk milling	520:535	wet disk milling	520:535	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	2	16	theme	palm	382:385	arg1	bunch					399:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	0	17	theme	biomass	88:94	arg1	structure					96:104	oil palm biomass structure	79:104	oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility	79:150	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	2	18	theme	frond	418:422	arg1	fiber					424:428	oil palm frond fiber	409:428	oil palm frond fiber	409:428	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	1	19	theme	hot	180:182	arg1	water					195:199	hot compressed water	180:199	hot compressed water	180:199	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	5	20	theme	oil	1015:1017	arg1	bunch					1036:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	1	21	theme	cellulase	360:368	arg1	attack					370:375	cellulase attack	360:375	cellulase attack	360:375	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	5	22	theme	fiber	1061:1065	arg1	samples					1067:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	1	23	theme	compressed	184:193	arg1	water					195:199	hot compressed water	180:199	hot compressed water	180:199	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	0	24	theme	Combined	0:7	arg1	pretreatment					9:20	Combined pretreatment	0:20	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling	0:67	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	1	25	theme	natural	263:269	arg1	recalcitrance					271:283	the natural recalcitrance	259:283	the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass	259:303	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	5	26	theme	frond	1055:1059	arg1	samples					1067:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples	1015:1073	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	0	27	theme	hot	27:29	arg1	water					42:46	hot compressed water	27:46	hot compressed water	27:46	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	5	28	theme	empty	1024:1028	arg1	bunch					1036:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	4	29	theme	combined	736:743	arg1	pretreatments					745:757	the combined pretreatments	732:757	the combined pretreatments	732:757	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	2	30	theme	oil	409:411	arg1	fiber					424:428	oil palm frond fiber	409:428	oil palm frond fiber	409:428	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	3	31	theme	structure	623:631	arg1	loosening					592:600	the loosening	588:600	the loosening of the tight biomass structure	588:631	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	1	32	theme	wet	205:207	arg1	milling					214:220	wet disk milling	205:220	wet disk milling	205:220	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	3	33	with	treatment	505:513	arg1	milling					529:535	wet disk milling	520:535	wet disk milling	520:535	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	1	34	theme	oil	288:290	arg1	biomass					297:303	oil palm biomass	288:303	oil palm biomass	288:303	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	0	35	theme	enzymatic	128:136	arg1	digestibility					138:150	enhanced enzymatic digestibility	119:150	enhanced enzymatic digestibility	119:150	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	2	36	theme	fruit	393:397	arg1	bunch					399:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	1	37	theme	disk	209:212	arg1	milling					214:220	wet disk milling	205:220	wet disk milling	205:220	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	0	38	theme	compressed	31:40	arg1	water					42:46	hot compressed water	27:46	hot compressed water	27:46	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	1	39	theme	palm	292:295	arg1	biomass					297:303	oil palm biomass	288:303	oil palm biomass	288:303	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	0	40	theme	enhanced	119:126	arg1	digestibility					138:150	enhanced enzymatic digestibility	119:150	enhanced enzymatic digestibility	119:150	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	3	41	theme	tight	609:613	arg1	structure					623:631	the tight biomass structure	605:631	the tight biomass structure	605:631	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	2	42	theme	palm	413:416	arg1	fiber					424:428	oil palm frond fiber	409:428	oil palm frond fiber	409:428	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	2	43	theme	empty	387:391	arg1	bunch					399:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	0	44	theme	wet	52:54	arg1	milling					61:67	wet disk milling	52:67	wet disk milling	52:67	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	1	45	theme	biomass	297:303	arg1	recalcitrance					271:283	the natural recalcitrance	259:283	the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass	259:303	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling was performed with the aim to reduce the natural recalcitrance of oil palm biomass by opening its structure and provide maximal access to cellulase attack.
26125612	4	46	theme	samples	901:907	arg1	changes					797:803	chemical composition changes	776:803	chemical composition changes	776:803	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	4	46	theme	samples	901:907	arg1	consumption					812:822	power consumption	806:822	power consumption	806:822	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	4	46	theme	samples	901:907	arg1	alterations					839:849	morphological alterations	825:849	morphological alterations by SEM	825:856	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	4	46	theme	samples	901:907	arg1	digestibility					876:888	the enzymatic digestibility	862:888	the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples	862:907	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	3	47	theme	biomass	615:621	arg1	structure					623:631	the tight biomass structure	605:631	the tight biomass structure	605:631	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	4	48	theme	morphological	825:837	arg1	alterations					839:849	morphological alterations	825:849	morphological alterations by SEM	825:856	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	5	49	theme	optimal	913:919	arg1	process					934:940	optimal pretreatment process	913:940	optimal pretreatment process	913:940	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	5	50	theme	biomass	1125:1131	arg1	MJ/kg					1116:1120	15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg	1102:1120	15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass	1102:1131	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	4	51	theme	treated	893:899	arg1	samples					901:907	treated samples	893:907	treated samples	893:907	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	5	52	theme	fruit	1030:1034	arg1	bunch					1036:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	oil palm empty fruit bunch	1015:1040	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	3	53	theme	fiber	569:573	arg1	nanofibrillation					549:564	nanofibrillation	549:564	nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose	549:708	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	0	54	with	pretreatment	9:20	arg1	water					42:46	hot compressed water	27:46	hot compressed water	27:46	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	0	54	with	pretreatment	9:20	arg1	milling					61:67	wet disk milling	52:67	wet disk milling	52:67	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	5	55	theme	pretreatment	921:932	arg1	process					934:940	optimal pretreatment process	913:940	optimal pretreatment process	913:940	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	3	56	theme	subsequent	654:663	arg1	conversion					675:684	the subsequent enzymatic conversion	650:684	the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose	650:708	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
26125612	4	57	theme	composition	785:795	arg1	changes					797:803	chemical composition changes	776:803	chemical composition changes	776:803	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	4	58	theme	power	806:810	arg1	consumption					812:822	power consumption	806:822	power consumption	806:822	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	5	59	theme	total	977:981	arg1	yields					989:994	total sugar yields	977:994	total sugar yields	977:994	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	4	60	theme	chemical	776:783	arg1	changes					797:803	chemical composition changes	776:803	chemical composition changes	776:803	The effectiveness of the combined pretreatments was evaluated by chemical composition changes, power consumption, morphological alterations by SEM and the enzymatic digestibility of treated samples.
26125612	5	61	theme	oil	1046:1048	arg1	palm					1050:1053	oil palm	1046:1053	oil palm	1046:1053	At optimal pretreatment process, approximately 88.5% and 100.0% of total sugar yields were obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber samples, which only consumed about 15.1 and 23.5 MJ/kg of biomass, respectively.
26125612	2	62	theme	Oil	378:380	arg1	bunch					399:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch	378:403	Oil palm empty fruit bunch and oil palm frond fiber were first hydrothermally pretreated at 150-190° C and 10-240 min.
26125612	0	63	theme	disk	56:59	arg1	milling					61:67	wet disk milling	52:67	wet disk milling	52:67	Combined pretreatment with hot compressed water and wet disk milling opened up oil palm biomass structure resulting in enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
26125612	3	64	theme	Further	497:503	arg1	treatment					505:513	Further treatment	497:513	Further treatment with wet disk milling	497:535	Further treatment with wet disk milling resulted in nanofibrillation of fiber which caused the loosening of the tight biomass structure, thus increasing the subsequent enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose.
24582238	7	0	theme	pore	1175:1178	arg1	distribution					1185:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	6	1	theme	preliminary	1052:1062	arg1	test					1081:1084	A preliminary biocompatibility test	1050:1084	A preliminary biocompatibility test	1050:1084	A preliminary biocompatibility test verified the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel.
24582238	7	2	theme	electrical	1246:1255	arg1	properties					1257:1266	its electrical properties	1242:1266	its electrical properties	1242:1266	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	1	3	theme	novel	228:232	arg1	methodology					234:244	a novel methodology	226:244	a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template	226:291	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	7	4	theme	large	1147:1151	arg1	area					1161:1164	The large surface area	1143:1164	The large surface area	1143:1164	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	1	5	theme	organic	150:156	arg1	material					180:187	an organic conducting mesoporous material	147:187	an organic conducting mesoporous material	147:187	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	0	6	theme	chronic	89:95	arg1	electrodes					106:115	chronic invasive electrodes	89:115	chronic invasive electrodes	89:115	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	3	7	theme	Raman	676:680	arg1	spectroscopy					682:693	Raman spectroscopy	676:693	Raman spectroscopy	676:693	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
24582238	2	8	theme	CO2	579:581	arg1	drying					583:588	supercritical CO2 drying	565:588	supercritical CO2 drying	565:588	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	4	9	theme	material	761:768	arg1	morphology					700:709	morphology	700:709	morphology	700:709	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	9	theme	material	761:768	arg1	properties					723:732	surface properties	715:732	surface properties	715:732	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	7	10	theme	aerogel	1222:1228	arg1	distribution					1185:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	10	theme	aerogel	1222:1228	arg1	area					1161:1164	The large surface area	1143:1164	The large surface area	1143:1164	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	10	theme	aerogel	1222:1228	arg1	properties					1257:1266	its electrical properties	1242:1266	its electrical properties	1242:1266	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	2	11	theme	supercritical	565:577	arg1	drying					583:588	supercritical CO2 drying	565:588	supercritical CO2 drying	565:588	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	4	12	theme	nanoporous	750:759	arg1	material					761:768	the obtained nanoporous material	737:768	the obtained nanoporous material	737:768	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	13	theme	computed	833:840	arg1	tomography					842:851	micro computed tomography	827:851	micro computed tomography (μCT)	827:857	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	13	theme	computed	833:840	arg1	μCT					854:856	μCT	854:856	μCT	854:856	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	6	14	theme	non-cytotoxic	1099:1111	arg1	effects					1113:1119	the non-cytotoxic effects	1095:1119	the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel	1095:1140	A preliminary biocompatibility test verified the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel.
24582238	5	15	theme	thermal	926:932	arg1	behaviour					934:942	thermal behaviour	926:942	thermal behaviour	926:942	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	1	16	theme	conducting	158:167	arg1	material					180:187	an organic conducting mesoporous material	147:187	an organic conducting mesoporous material	147:187	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	0	17	theme	invasive	97:104	arg1	electrodes					106:115	chronic invasive electrodes	89:115	chronic invasive electrodes	89:115	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	4	18	theme	micro	827:831	arg1	tomography					842:851	micro computed tomography	827:851	micro computed tomography (μCT)	827:857	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	18	theme	micro	827:831	arg1	μCT					854:856	μCT	854:856	μCT	854:856	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	7	19	theme	surface	1153:1159	arg1	area					1161:1164	The large surface area	1143:1164	The large surface area	1143:1164	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	20	theme	conductive	1211:1220	arg1	aerogel					1222:1228	the PEDOT conductive aerogel	1201:1228	the PEDOT conductive aerogel	1201:1228	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	1	21	theme	mesoporous	169:178	arg1	material					180:187	an organic conducting mesoporous material	147:187	an organic conducting mesoporous material	147:187	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	1	22	theme	material	180:187	arg1	development					132:142	the development	128:142	the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material	128:187	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	2	23	theme	starch	430:435	arg1	aerogel					437:443	a saturated starch aerogel	418:443	a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	418:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	7	24	theme	biomedical	1327:1336	arg1	applications					1338:1349	biomedical applications	1327:1349	biomedical applications	1327:1349	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	0	25	theme	organic	16:22	arg1	material					42:49	an organic conductive porous material	13:49	an organic conductive porous material	13:49	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	2	26	theme	polysaccharide	528:541	arg1	template					543:550	the polysaccharide template	524:550	the polysaccharide template	524:550	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	4	27	theme	obtained	741:748	arg1	material					761:768	the obtained nanoporous material	737:768	the obtained nanoporous material	737:768	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	6	28	theme	biocompatibility	1064:1079	arg1	test					1081:1084	A preliminary biocompatibility test	1050:1084	A preliminary biocompatibility test	1050:1084	A preliminary biocompatibility test verified the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel.
24582238	7	29	theme	size	1180:1183	arg1	distribution					1185:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	30	dep	along	1231:1235	arg1	with					1237:1240	with	1237:1240	with	1237:1240	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	5	31	theme	energy	962:967	arg1	spectroscopy					980:991	energy dispersive spectroscopy	962:991	energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)	962:997	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	5	31	theme	energy	962:967	arg1	EDS					994:996	EDS	994:996	EDS	994:996	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	2	32	theme	3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene	384:409	arg1	removal					513:519	subsequent removal	502:519	subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template	502:550	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	2	32	theme	3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene	384:409	arg1	polymerization					366:379	polymerization	366:379	polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	366:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	0	33	theme	porous	35:40	arg1	material					42:49	an organic conductive porous material	13:49	an organic conductive porous material	13:49	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	1	34	theme	starch	266:271	arg1	aerogel					273:279	starch aerogel	266:279	starch aerogel	266:279	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	7	35	theme	PEDOT	1205:1209	arg1	aerogel					1222:1228	the PEDOT conductive aerogel	1201:1228	the PEDOT conductive aerogel	1201:1228	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	36	theme	extracellular	1293:1305	arg1	scaffold					1314:1321	extracellular matrix scaffold	1293:1321	extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications	1293:1349	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	36	theme	extracellular	1293:1305	arg1	it					1276:1277	it	1276:1277	it	1276:1277	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	3	37	dep	structure	604:612	arg1	The					591:593	The	591:593	The	591:593	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
24582238	0	38	theme	conductive	24:33	arg1	material					42:49	an organic conductive porous material	13:49	an organic conductive porous material	13:49	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	1	39	theme	aerogel	273:279	arg1	use					259:261	the use	255:261	the use of starch aerogel as template	255:291	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	7	40	theme	wide	1170:1173	arg1	distribution					1185:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	wide pore size distribution	1170:1196	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	3	41	theme	oxidation	618:626	arg1	state					628:632	oxidation state	618:632	oxidation state	618:632	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
24582238	2	42	theme	saturated	420:428	arg1	aerogel					437:443	a saturated starch aerogel	418:443	a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	418:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	1	43	theme	invasive	202:209	arg1	electrodes					211:220	invasive electrodes	202:220	invasive electrodes	202:220	We report the development of an organic conducting mesoporous material, as coat for invasive electrodes, by a novel methodology based on the use of starch aerogel as template.
24582238	2	44	theme	iron	450:453	arg1	p-toluenesulfonate					461:478	iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate	450:478	iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	450:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	2	44	theme	iron	450:453	arg1	agent					491:495	oxidizing agent	481:495	oxidizing agent	481:495	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	2	45	theme	subsequent	502:511	arg1	removal					513:519	subsequent removal	502:519	subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template	502:550	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	7	46	used	used	1285:1288	arg2	scaffold					1314:1321	extracellular matrix scaffold	1293:1321	extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications	1293:1349	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	46	used	used	1285:1288	arg2	it					1276:1277	it	1276:1277	it	1276:1277	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	0	47	theme	material	42:49	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.	0:116	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	4	48	theme	adsorption-desorption	872:892	arg1	techniques					894:903	nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques	863:903	nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques	863:903	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	2	49	with	aerogel	437:443	arg1	p-toluenesulfonate					461:478	iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate	450:478	iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	450:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	2	49	with	aerogel	437:443	arg1	agent					491:495	oxidizing agent	481:495	oxidizing agent	481:495	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	4	50	theme	nitrogen	863:870	arg1	techniques					894:903	nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques	863:903	nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques	863:903	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	51	theme	electron	800:807	arg1	SEM					821:823	SEM	821:823	SEM	821:823	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	51	theme	electron	800:807	arg1	microscopy					809:818	scanning electron microscopy	791:818	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	791:824	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	52	theme	scanning	791:798	arg1	SEM					821:823	SEM	821:823	SEM	821:823	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	4	52	theme	scanning	791:798	arg1	microscopy					809:818	scanning electron microscopy	791:818	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	791:824	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	2	53	theme	poly	298:301	arg1	aerogel					339:345	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel	294:345	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel	294:345	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	4	54	dep	morphology	700:709	arg1	The					696:698	The	696:698	The	696:698	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	2	55	theme	template	543:550	arg1	removal					513:519	subsequent removal	502:519	subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template	502:550	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	2	55	theme	template	543:550	arg1	polymerization					366:379	polymerization	366:379	polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	366:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	3	56	theme	resulting	641:649	arg1	material					651:658	the resulting material	637:658	the resulting material	637:658	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
24582238	5	57	theme	dispersive	969:978	arg1	spectroscopy					980:991	energy dispersive spectroscopy	962:991	energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)	962:997	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	5	57	theme	dispersive	969:978	arg1	EDS					994:996	EDS	994:996	EDS	994:996	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	6	58	theme	aerogel	1134:1140	arg1	effects					1113:1119	the non-cytotoxic effects	1095:1119	the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel	1095:1140	A preliminary biocompatibility test verified the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel.
24582238	4	59	theme	surface	715:721	arg1	properties					723:732	surface properties	715:732	surface properties	715:732	The morphology and surface properties of the obtained nanoporous material were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro computed tomography (μCT) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques.
24582238	2	60	theme	oxidizing	481:489	arg1	p-toluenesulfonate					461:478	iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate	450:478	iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent)	450:496	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	2	60	theme	oxidizing	481:489	arg1	agent					491:495	oxidizing agent	481:495	oxidizing agent	481:495	The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aerogel was synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene within a saturated starch aerogel with iron (III) p-toluenesulfonate (oxidizing agent) and subsequent removal of the polysaccharide template, followed by supercritical CO2 drying.
24582238	3	61	theme	material	651:658	arg1	structure					604:612	chemical structure	595:612	chemical structure	595:612	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
24582238	3	61	theme	material	651:658	arg1	state					628:632	oxidation state	618:632	oxidation state	618:632	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
24582238	5	62	theme	thermogravimetric	1003:1019	arg1	TGA					1031:1033	TGA	1031:1033	TGA	1031:1033	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	5	62	theme	thermogravimetric	1003:1019	arg1	analysis					1021:1028	thermogravimetric analysis	1003:1028	thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)	1003:1034	The composition and thermal behaviour were evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively.
24582238	7	63	theme	matrix	1307:1312	arg1	scaffold					1314:1321	extracellular matrix scaffold	1293:1321	extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications	1293:1349	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	7	63	theme	matrix	1307:1312	arg1	it					1276:1277	it	1276:1277	it	1276:1277	The large surface area and wide pore size distribution of the PEDOT conductive aerogel, along with its electrical properties, enable it to be used as extracellular matrix scaffold for biomedical applications.
24582238	6	64	theme	PEDOT	1128:1132	arg1	aerogel					1134:1140	the PEDOT aerogel	1124:1140	the PEDOT aerogel	1124:1140	A preliminary biocompatibility test verified the non-cytotoxic effects of the PEDOT aerogel.
24582238	0	65	theme	starch	57:62	arg1	aerogels					64:71	starch aerogels	57:71	starch aerogels	57:71	Synthesis of an organic conductive porous material using starch aerogels as template for chronic invasive electrodes.
24582238	3	66	theme	chemical	595:602	arg1	structure					604:612	chemical structure	595:612	chemical structure	595:612	The chemical structure and oxidation state of the resulting material were studied by Raman spectroscopy.
28174079	3	0	theme	incorporation	541:553	arg1	degree					526:531	different degree	516:531	different degree of TiO2 incorporation	516:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	2	1	dep	survival	347:354	arg1	the					343:345	the	343:345	the	343:345	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	6	2	theme	CS/TiO2	1316:1322	arg1	membrane					1332:1339	CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1316:1339	CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1316:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	2	3	theme	dressing	282:289	arg1	membranes					291:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes	256:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes	256:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	4	4	theme	composite	888:896	arg1	membranes					898:906	the composite membranes	884:906	the composite membranes	884:906	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	6	5	theme	L929	1293:1296	arg1	cells					1298:1302	L929 cells	1293:1302	L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1293:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	3	6	theme	ultrastructure	607:620	arg1	terms					586:590	terms	586:590	terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	586:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	7	theme	morphology	595:604	arg1	terms					586:590	terms	586:590	terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	586:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	1	8	theme	critical	206:213	arg1	infection					162:170	The microbial infection	148:170	The microbial infection	148:170	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	1	8	theme	critical	206:213	arg1	growth					176:181	growth	176:181	growth of fibroblasts	176:196	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	1	8	theme	critical	206:213	arg1	factors					215:221	the critical factors	202:221	the critical factors for the effective wound healing	202:253	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	3	9	with	membranes	501:509	arg1	degree					526:531	different degree	516:531	different degree of TiO2 incorporation	516:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	10	dep	SEM	671:673	arg1	analyses					707:714	analyses	707:714	analyses	707:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	7	11	theme	antibacterial	1408:1420	arg1	activity					1422:1429	a superior antibacterial activity	1397:1429	a superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	1397:1459	Furthermore, the CS/TiO2 composite membranes exhibited a superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
28174079	3	12	theme	thermal	623:629	arg1	behavior					631:638	thermal behavior	623:638	thermal behavior	623:638	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	5	13	theme	oxidative	957:965	arg1	stress					967:972	oxidative stress	957:972	oxidative stress	957:972	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	4	14	theme	strong	756:761	arg1	bonding					770:776	strong O-Ti-O bonding	756:776	strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes	756:906	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	6	15	from	expression	1257:1266	arg1	cells					1298:1302	L929 cells	1293:1302	L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1293:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	5	16	theme	oxidative	1102:1110	arg1	stress					1112:1117	oxidative stress	1102:1117	oxidative stress	1102:1117	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	2	17	theme	natural	260:266	arg1	membranes					291:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes	256:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes	256:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	0	18	from	Application	95:105	arg1	regeneration					134:145	skin regeneration	129:145	skin regeneration	129:145	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	0	18	from	Application	95:105	arg1	dressing					116:123	wound dressing	110:123	wound dressing	110:123	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	6	19	from	fibroblast-markers	1271:1288	arg1	cells					1298:1302	L929 cells	1293:1302	L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1293:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	5	20	from	stress	1112:1117	arg1	cells					1141:1145	L929 cells	1136:1145	L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2	1136:1199	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	3	21	theme	properties	655:664	arg1	terms					586:590	terms	586:590	terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	586:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	5	22	theme	cyto-compatibility	922:939	arg1	analyses					1000:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses	918:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells	918:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	3	23	from	characterization	566:581	arg1	terms					586:590	terms	586:590	terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	586:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	0	24	theme	cells	88:92	arg1	survival					60:67	survival	60:67	survival	60:67	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	0	24	theme	cells	88:92	arg1	proliferation					42:54	proliferation	42:54	proliferation	42:54	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	5	25	theme	proliferation	942:954	arg1	analyses					1000:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses	918:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells	918:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	3	26	theme	dioxide	473:479	arg1	membranes					501:509	chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes	455:509	chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation	455:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	5	27	from	apoptosis	1123:1131	arg1	cells					1141:1145	L929 cells	1136:1145	L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2	1136:1199	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	5	28	theme	L929	1023:1026	arg1	cells					1028:1032	fibroblast L929 cells	1012:1032	fibroblast L929 cells	1012:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	7	29	theme	composite	1367:1375	arg1	membranes					1377:1385	the CS/TiO2 composite membranes	1355:1385	the CS/TiO2 composite membranes	1355:1385	Furthermore, the CS/TiO2 composite membranes exhibited a superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
28174079	3	30	theme	present	411:417	arg1	study					419:423	The present study	407:423	The present study	407:423	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	4	31	theme	bonding	770:776	arg1	formation					743:751	the formation	739:751	the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes	739:906	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	0	32	theme	Chitosan/TiO2	0:12	arg1	membrane					24:31	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane	0:31	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane	0:31	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	5	33	theme	cycle	980:984	arg1	analyses					1000:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses	918:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells	918:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	8	34	theme	fibroblasts	1585:1595	arg1	survival					1548:1555	survival	1548:1555	survival	1548:1555	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	34	theme	fibroblasts	1585:1595	arg1	integrity					1572:1580	functional integrity	1561:1580	functional integrity	1561:1580	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	34	theme	fibroblasts	1585:1595	arg1	growth					1540:1545	growth	1540:1545	growth	1540:1545	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	3	35	theme	composite	491:499	arg1	membranes					501:509	chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes	455:509	chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation	455:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	36	with	ultrastructure	607:620	arg1	XRD					682:684	XRD	682:684	XRD	682:684	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	36	with	ultrastructure	607:620	arg1	strength					698:705	tensile strength	690:705	tensile strength	690:705	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	36	with	ultrastructure	607:620	arg1	FTIR					676:679	FTIR	676:679	FTIR	676:679	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	36	with	ultrastructure	607:620	arg1	SEM					671:673	SEM	671:673	SEM	671:673	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	5	37	theme	apoptosis	990:998	arg1	analyses					1000:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses	918:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells	918:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	0	38	theme	L929	72:75	arg1	cells					88:92	L929 fibroblast cells	72:92	L929 fibroblast cells	72:92	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	3	39	with	morphology	595:604	arg1	XRD					682:684	XRD	682:684	XRD	682:684	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	39	with	morphology	595:604	arg1	strength					698:705	tensile strength	690:705	tensile strength	690:705	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	39	with	morphology	595:604	arg1	FTIR					676:679	FTIR	676:679	FTIR	676:679	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	39	with	morphology	595:604	arg1	SEM					671:673	SEM	671:673	SEM	671:673	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	5	40	theme	%	1194:1194	arg1	TiO2					1196:1199	025% TiO2	1191:1199	025% TiO2	1191:1199	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	8	41	theme	antibacterial	1610:1622	arg1	activity					1624:1631	antibacterial activity	1610:1631	antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials	1610:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	41	theme	antibacterial	1610:1622	arg1	materials					1677:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	3	42	with	properties	655:664	arg1	XRD					682:684	XRD	682:684	XRD	682:684	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	42	with	properties	655:664	arg1	strength					698:705	tensile strength	690:705	tensile strength	690:705	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	42	with	properties	655:664	arg1	FTIR					676:679	FTIR	676:679	FTIR	676:679	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	42	with	properties	655:664	arg1	SEM					671:673	SEM	671:673	SEM	671:673	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	1	43	theme	microbial	152:160	arg1	factors					215:221	the critical factors	202:221	the critical factors for the effective wound healing	202:253	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	1	43	theme	microbial	152:160	arg1	growth					176:181	growth	176:181	growth of fibroblasts	176:196	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	1	43	theme	microbial	152:160	arg1	infection					162:170	The microbial infection	148:170	The microbial infection	148:170	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	3	44	theme	tensile	690:696	arg1	strength					698:705	tensile strength	690:705	tensile strength	690:705	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	4	45	theme	mechanical	830:839	arg1	strength					841:848	mechanical strength	830:848	mechanical strength	830:848	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	2	46	theme	fibroblasts	394:404	arg1	differentiation					375:389	differentiation	375:389	differentiation	375:389	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	2	46	theme	fibroblasts	394:404	arg1	proliferation					357:369	proliferation	357:369	proliferation	357:369	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	2	46	theme	fibroblasts	394:404	arg1	survival					347:354	survival	347:354	survival	347:354	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	1	47	theme	wound	241:245	arg1	healing					247:253	the effective wound healing	227:253	the effective wound healing	227:253	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	5	48	theme	enhanced	1051:1058	arg1	proliferation					1060:1072	proliferation	1060:1072	proliferation	1060:1072	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	3	49	theme	TiO2	536:539	arg1	incorporation					541:553	TiO2 incorporation	536:553	TiO2 incorporation	536:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	6	50	from	cells	1298:1302	arg1	expression					1257:1266	the expression	1253:1266	the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1253:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	4	51	theme	membranes	898:906	arg1	flexibility					869:879	flexibility	869:879	flexibility	869:879	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	4	51	theme	membranes	898:906	arg1	crystallinity					851:863	crystallinity	851:863	crystallinity	851:863	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	4	51	theme	membranes	898:906	arg1	porosity					820:827	superior porosity	811:827	superior porosity	811:827	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	4	51	theme	membranes	898:906	arg1	strength					841:848	mechanical strength	830:848	mechanical strength	830:848	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	8	52	theme	dressing	1668:1675	arg1	materials					1677:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	52	theme	dressing	1668:1675	arg1	activity					1624:1631	antibacterial activity	1610:1631	antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials	1610:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	53	used	utilized	1646:1653	arg2	activity					1624:1631	antibacterial activity	1610:1631	antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials	1610:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	53	used	utilized	1646:1653	arg2	materials					1677:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	1	54	theme	fibroblasts	186:196	arg1	factors					215:221	the critical factors	202:221	the critical factors for the effective wound healing	202:253	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	1	54	theme	fibroblasts	186:196	arg1	growth					176:181	growth	176:181	growth of fibroblasts	176:196	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	1	54	theme	fibroblasts	186:196	arg1	infection					162:170	The microbial infection	148:170	The microbial infection	148:170	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	0	55	theme	skin	129:132	arg1	regeneration					134:145	skin regeneration	129:145	skin regeneration	129:145	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	8	56	theme	CS/TiO2	1502:1508	arg1	membrane					1518:1525	CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1502:1525	CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1502:1525	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	3	57	theme	behavior	631:638	arg1	terms					586:590	terms	586:590	terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	586:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	6	58	theme	fibroblast-markers	1271:1288	arg1	expression					1257:1266	the expression	1253:1266	the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1253:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	5	59	theme	L929	1136:1139	arg1	cells					1141:1145	L929 cells	1136:1145	L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2	1136:1199	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	5	60	theme	025	1191:1193	arg1	TiO2					1196:1199	025% TiO2	1191:1199	025% TiO2	1191:1199	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	0	61	dep	improves	33:40	arg1	Application					95:105	Application	95:105	Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration	95:145	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	2	62	theme	polymer-based	268:280	arg1	membranes					291:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes	256:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes	256:299	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	5	63	theme	stress	967:972	arg1	analyses					1000:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses	918:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells	918:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	7	64	theme	superior	1399:1406	arg1	activity					1422:1429	a superior antibacterial activity	1397:1429	a superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	1397:1459	Furthermore, the CS/TiO2 composite membranes exhibited a superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
28174079	0	65	theme	fibroblast	77:86	arg1	cells					88:92	L929 fibroblast cells	72:92	L929 fibroblast cells	72:92	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	3	66	theme	mechanical	644:653	arg1	properties					655:664	mechanical properties	644:664	mechanical properties	644:664	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	6	67	theme	significant	1224:1234	arg1	up-regulation					1236:1248	the significant up-regulation	1220:1248	the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1220:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	6	68	from	up-regulation	1236:1248	arg1	expression					1257:1266	the expression	1253:1266	the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane	1253:1339	Next, we measured the significant up-regulation in the expression of fibroblast-markers in L929 cells cultured on CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane.
28174079	3	69	from	preparation	440:450	arg1	terms					586:590	terms	586:590	terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	586:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	2	70	theme	extracellular	311:323	arg1	matrix					325:330	extracellular matrix	311:330	extracellular matrix	311:330	The natural polymer-based dressing membranes may mimic extracellular matrix to support the survival, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts.
28174079	8	71	theme	functional	1561:1570	arg1	integrity					1572:1580	functional integrity	1561:1580	functional integrity	1561:1580	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	3	72	with	behavior	631:638	arg1	XRD					682:684	XRD	682:684	XRD	682:684	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	72	with	behavior	631:638	arg1	strength					698:705	tensile strength	690:705	tensile strength	690:705	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	72	with	behavior	631:638	arg1	FTIR					676:679	FTIR	676:679	FTIR	676:679	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	72	with	behavior	631:638	arg1	SEM					671:673	SEM	671:673	SEM	671:673	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	5	73	theme	fibroblast	1012:1021	arg1	cells					1028:1032	fibroblast L929 cells	1012:1032	fibroblast L929 cells	1012:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	7	74	theme	CS/TiO2	1359:1365	arg1	membranes					1377:1385	the CS/TiO2 composite membranes	1355:1385	the CS/TiO2 composite membranes	1355:1385	Furthermore, the CS/TiO2 composite membranes exhibited a superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
28174079	0	75	theme	composite	14:22	arg1	membrane					24:31	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane	0:31	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane	0:31	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	5	76	theme	CS/TiO2	1156:1162	arg1	membrane					1164:1171	CS/TiO2 membrane	1156:1171	CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2	1156:1199	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	5	77	theme	cell	975:978	arg1	cycle					980:984	cell cycle	975:984	cell cycle	975:984	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	4	78	theme	O-Ti-O	763:768	arg1	bonding					770:776	strong O-Ti-O bonding	756:776	strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes	756:906	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	3	79	theme	chitosan/titanium	455:471	arg1	dioxide					473:479	chitosan/titanium dioxide	455:479	chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation	455:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	79	theme	chitosan/titanium	455:471	arg1	CS/TiO2					482:488	CS/TiO2	482:488	CS/TiO2	482:488	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	80	theme	membranes	501:509	arg1	characterization					566:581	their characterization	560:581	their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses	560:714	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	3	80	theme	membranes	501:509	arg1	preparation					440:450	the preparation	436:450	the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation	436:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	0	81	theme	wound	110:114	arg1	dressing					116:123	wound dressing	110:123	wound dressing	110:123	Chitosan/TiO2 composite membrane improves proliferation and survival of L929 fibroblast cells: Application in wound dressing and skin regeneration.
28174079	5	82	theme	cells	1028:1032	arg1	analyses					1000:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses	918:1007	the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells	918:1032	Further, the cyto-compatibility, proliferation, oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis analyses of fibroblast L929 cells demonstrated the enhanced proliferation and survival, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in L929 cells grown on CS/TiO2 membrane incorporated with 025% TiO2.
28174079	4	83	theme	superior	811:818	arg1	porosity					820:827	superior porosity	811:827	superior porosity	811:827	The data demonstrated the formation of strong O-Ti-O bonding between TiO2 and CS resulting in superior porosity, mechanical strength, crystallinity and flexibility of the composite membranes.
28174079	3	84	theme	different	516:524	arg1	degree					526:531	different degree	516:531	different degree of TiO2 incorporation	516:553	The present study deals with the preparation of chitosan/titanium dioxide (CS/TiO2) composite membranes with different degree of TiO2 incorporation, and their characterization in terms of morphology, ultrastructure, thermal behavior and mechanical properties with SEM, FTIR, XRD and tensile strength analyses.
28174079	1	85	theme	effective	231:239	arg1	healing					247:253	the effective wound healing	227:253	the effective wound healing	227:253	The microbial infection and growth of fibroblasts are the critical factors for the effective wound healing.
28174079	8	86	theme	potential	1658:1666	arg1	materials					1677:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	potential dressing materials	1658:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
28174079	8	86	theme	potential	1658:1666	arg1	activity					1624:1631	antibacterial activity	1610:1631	antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials	1610:1685	Taken together, the data confirmed that CS/TiO2 (0.25%) membrane improved the growth, survival and functional integrity of fibroblasts, and exerted antibacterial activity which may be utilized as potential dressing materials.
26590273	11	0	theme	mannitol	1353:1360	arg1	dehydrogenase					1374:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1338:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1338:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	6	1	dep	suggested	657:665	arg1	represented					679:689	represented	679:689	suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	657:781	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	6	2	theme	novel	693:697	arg1	species					699:705	a novel species	691:705	a novel species	691:705	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	6	3	theme	Defluviitalea	720:732	arg1	species					699:705	a novel species	691:705	a novel species	691:705	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	12	4	theme	ethanologenic	1713:1725	arg1	Alg1					1734:1737	the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1	1701:1737	the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1	1701:1737	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	3	5	theme	thermophilic	297:308	arg1	microorganisms					310:323	thermophilic microorganisms	297:323	thermophilic microorganisms	297:323	However, the mechanism for brown alga assimilation remains largely unknown in thermophilic microorganisms.
26590273	12	6	theme	hostile	1774:1780	arg1	habitats					1782:1789	hostile habitats	1774:1789	hostile habitats	1774:1789	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	2	7	theme	oceanic	139:145	arg1	producers					155:163	oceanic primary producers	139:163	oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	139:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	12	8	theme	natural	1705:1711	arg1	Alg1					1734:1737	the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1	1701:1737	the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1	1701:1737	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	11	9	from	1-phosphate	1435:1445	arg1	presence					1454:1461	the presence	1450:1461	the presence of NAD(+)	1450:1471	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	12	10	theme	1-phosphate	1660:1670	arg1	dehydrogenase					1672:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	5	11	theme	Defluviitalea	563:575	arg1	T					600:600	T	600:600	T	600:600	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	5	11	theme	Defluviitalea	563:575	arg1	LIND6LT2					591:598	Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2	563:598	Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T)	563:601	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	1	12	theme	Thermophilic	44:55	arg1	Bacterium					57:65	a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium	36:65	a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae	36:91	nov., a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae.
26590273	1	12	theme	Thermophilic	44:55	arg1	nov.					30:33	nov.	30:33	nov.	30:33	nov., a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae.
26590273	8	13	theme	intriguing	820:829	arg1	ability					831:837	an intriguing ability	817:837	an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid	817:950	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	1	14	theme	Brown	81:85	arg1	Algae					87:91	Brown Algae	81:91	Brown Algae	81:91	nov., a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae.
26590273	4	15	theme	bacterial	463:471	arg1	strain					473:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	12	16	contain	containing	1583:1592	arg1	system					1576:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system	1538:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1538:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	12	16	contain	containing	1583:1592	arg2	lyases					1631:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	12	16	contain	containing	1583:1592	arg2	dehydrogenase					1672:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	4	17	theme	coastal	395:401	arg1	sediment					403:410	coastal sediment	395:410	coastal sediment	395:410	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	10	18	theme	2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate	1276:1301	arg1	kinases					1309:1315	two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases	1272:1315	two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases	1272:1315	Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate.
26590273	5	19	theme	saccharophila	577:589	arg1	T					600:600	T	600:600	T	600:600	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	5	19	theme	saccharophila	577:589	arg1	LIND6LT2					591:598	Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2	563:598	Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T)	563:601	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	6	20	theme	strain	667:672	arg1	Alg1					674:677	strain Alg1	667:677	strain Alg1	667:677	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	2	21	theme	groups	129:134	arg1	one					110:112	one	110:112	one	110:112	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	2	21	theme	groups	129:134	arg1	producers					155:163	oceanic primary producers	139:163	oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	139:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	2	21	theme	groups	129:134	arg1	groups					129:134	the largest groups	117:134	the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	117:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	6	22	theme	phaphyphila	768:778	arg1	sp					780:781	the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	745:781	the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	745:781	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	12	23	theme	thermophilic	1540:1551	arg1	system					1576:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system	1538:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1538:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	12	24	theme	mannitol	1651:1658	arg1	dehydrogenase					1672:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	11	25	theme	D-mannitol	1400:1409	arg1	1-phosphate					1411:1421	D-mannitol 1-phosphate	1400:1421	D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+)	1400:1471	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	2	26	theme	largest	121:127	arg1	producers					155:163	oceanic primary producers	139:163	oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	139:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	2	26	theme	largest	121:127	arg1	groups					129:134	the largest groups	117:134	the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	117:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	4	27	theme	thermophilic	342:353	arg1	community					367:375	a thermophilic alginolytic community	340:375	a thermophilic alginolytic community	340:375	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	10	28	theme	acid	1253:1256	arg1	reductase					1258:1266	one uronic acid reductase	1242:1266	one uronic acid reductase	1242:1266	Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate.
26590273	12	29	from	habitats	1782:1789	arg1	process					1750:1756	the process	1746:1756	the process of evolution in hostile habitats	1746:1789	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	0	30	theme	phaphyphila	14:24	arg1	sp					26:27	Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	0:27	Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.	0:28	Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	11	31	theme	1-phosphate	1362:1372	arg1	dehydrogenase					1374:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1338:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1338:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	6	32	theme	name	749:752	arg1	sp					780:781	the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	745:781	the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	745:781	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	4	33	attach	isolated	502:509	arg1	which					418:422	which	418:422	which	418:422	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	4	33	attach	isolated	502:509	arg2	strain					473:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	4	34	theme	thermophilic	450:461	arg1	strain					473:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	0	35	theme	Defluviitalea	0:12	arg1	sp					26:27	Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	0:27	Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.	0:28	Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	12	36	theme	novel	1603:1607	arg1	lyases					1631:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	12	37	theme	evolution	1761:1769	arg1	process					1750:1756	the process	1746:1756	the process of evolution in hostile habitats	1746:1789	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	8	38	theme	algae	873:877	arg1	carbohydrates					850:862	carbohydrates	850:862	carbohydrates	850:862	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	8	38	theme	algae	873:877	arg1	laminarin					900:908	laminarin	900:908	laminarin	900:908	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	8	38	theme	algae	873:877	arg1	alginate					890:897	alginate	890:897	alginate	890:897	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	8	38	theme	algae	873:877	arg1	mannitol					915:922	mannitol	915:922	mannitol	915:922	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	10	39	theme	unsaturated	1202:1212	arg1	monosaccharide					1214:1227	unsaturated monosaccharide	1202:1227	unsaturated monosaccharide	1202:1227	Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate.
26590273	12	40	theme	numerous	1594:1601	arg1	lyases					1631:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	3	41	theme	brown	246:250	arg1	assimilation					257:268	brown alga assimilation	246:268	brown alga assimilation	246:268	However, the mechanism for brown alga assimilation remains largely unknown in thermophilic microorganisms.
26590273	4	42	theme	alginolytic	355:365	arg1	community					367:375	a thermophilic alginolytic community	340:375	a thermophilic alginolytic community	340:375	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	8	43	theme	brown	867:871	arg1	algae					873:877	brown algae	867:877	brown algae	867:877	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	12	44	from	evolution	1761:1769	arg1	habitats					1782:1789	hostile habitats	1774:1789	hostile habitats	1774:1789	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	12	45	theme	alginate	1622:1629	arg1	lyases					1631:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	3	46	theme	alga	252:255	arg1	assimilation					257:268	brown alga assimilation	246:268	brown alga assimilation	246:268	However, the mechanism for brown alga assimilation remains largely unknown in thermophilic microorganisms.
26590273	4	47	theme	obligate	427:434	arg1	strain					473:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	6	48	theme	phylogenetic	636:647	arg1	studies					649:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies	604:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies	604:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	10	49	theme	KDG	1304:1306	arg1	kinases					1309:1315	two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases	1272:1315	two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases	1272:1315	Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate.
26590273	12	50	theme	thermophilic	1609:1620	arg1	lyases					1631:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases	1594:1636	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	2	51	theme	producers	155:163	arg1	producers					155:163	oceanic primary producers	139:163	oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	139:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	2	51	theme	producers	155:163	arg1	groups					129:134	the largest groups	117:134	the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	117:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	12	52	theme	unique	1644:1649	arg1	dehydrogenase					1672:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1642:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	12	53	from	process	1750:1756	arg1	habitats					1782:1789	hostile habitats	1774:1789	hostile habitats	1774:1789	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	11	54	theme	nonclassical	1340:1351	arg1	dehydrogenase					1374:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1338:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1338:1386	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	2	55	theme	Brown	94:98	arg1	algae					100:104	Brown algae	94:104	Brown algae	94:104	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	2	56	theme	primary	147:153	arg1	producers					155:163	oceanic primary producers	139:163	oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions	139:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	2	57	theme	coastal	202:208	arg1	regions					210:216	coastal regions	202:216	coastal regions	202:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	9	58	theme	gene	959:962	arg1	clusters					964:971	Three gene clusters	953:971	Three gene clusters participating in this process	953:1001	Three gene clusters participating in this process were predicted to be in the genome, and candidate enzymes were successfully expressed, purified, and characterized.
26590273	12	59	theme	brown	1553:1557	arg1	system					1576:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system	1538:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1538:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	4	60	theme	anaerobic	436:444	arg1	strain					473:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain	424:478	In this work, a thermophilic alginolytic community was enriched from coastal sediment, from which an obligate anaerobic and thermophilic bacterial strain, designated Alg1, was isolated.
26590273	12	61	theme	alga-decomposing	1559:1574	arg1	system					1576:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system	1538:1581	a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase	1538:1684	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	5	62	theme	16S	526:528	arg1	rRNA					530:533	16S rRNA	526:533	a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6%	524:556	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	2	63	theme	carbon	185:190	arg1	sinks					192:196	carbon sinks	185:196	carbon sinks for coastal regions	185:216	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	5	64	theme	rRNA	530:533	arg1	identity					540:547	a 16S rRNA gene identity	524:547	a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6%	524:556	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	12	65	theme	strain	1727:1732	arg1	Alg1					1734:1737	the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1	1701:1737	the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1	1701:1737	This work revealed that a thermophilic brown alga-decomposing system containing numerous novel thermophilic alginate lyases and a unique mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase was adopted by the natural ethanologenic strain Alg1 during the process of evolution in hostile habitats.
26590273	5	66	theme	%	556:556	arg1	identity					540:547	a 16S rRNA gene identity	524:547	a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6%	524:556	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	6	67	theme	Defluviitalea	754:766	arg1	sp					780:781	the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	745:781	the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp	745:781	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	5	68	theme	gene	535:538	arg1	identity					540:547	a 16S rRNA gene identity	524:547	a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6%	524:556	Alg1 shared a 16S rRNA gene identity of 94.6% with Defluviitalea saccharophila LIND6LT2(T).
26590273	8	69	theme	acetic	940:945	arg1	acid					947:950	acetic acid	940:950	acetic acid	940:950	Alg1 exhibited an intriguing ability to convert carbohydrates of brown algae, including alginate, laminarin, and mannitol, to ethanol and acetic acid.
26590273	6	70	theme	chemotaxonomic	616:629	arg1	studies					649:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies	604:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies	604:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	6	71	theme	genus	714:718	arg1	Defluviitalea					720:732	the genus Defluviitalea	710:732	the genus Defluviitalea	710:732	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	3	72	from	microorganisms	310:323	arg1	unknown					286:292	unknown	286:292	unknown	286:292	However, the mechanism for brown alga assimilation remains largely unknown in thermophilic microorganisms.
26590273	10	73	theme	uronic	1246:1251	arg1	reductase					1258:1266	one uronic acid reductase	1242:1266	one uronic acid reductase	1242:1266	Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate.
26590273	9	74	theme	candidate	1043:1051	arg1	enzymes					1053:1059	candidate enzymes	1043:1059	candidate enzymes	1043:1059	Three gene clusters participating in this process were predicted to be in the genome, and candidate enzymes were successfully expressed, purified, and characterized.
26590273	11	75	theme	fructose	1426:1433	arg1	1-phosphate					1435:1445	fructose 1-phosphate	1426:1445	fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+)	1426:1471	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	2	76	theme	CO2	169:171	arg1	removal					173:179	CO2 removal	169:179	CO2 removal	169:179	Brown algae are one of the largest groups of oceanic primary producers for CO2 removal and carbon sinks for coastal regions.
26590273	6	77	theme	Phenotypic	604:613	arg1	studies					649:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies	604:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies	604:655	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic studies suggested strain Alg1 represented a novel species of the genus Defluviitalea, for which the name Defluviitalea phaphyphila sp.
26590273	10	78	theme	alginate	1123:1130	arg1	lyases					1132:1137	Six alginate lyases	1119:1137	Six alginate lyases	1119:1137	Six alginate lyases were demonstrated to synergistically deconstruct alginate into unsaturated monosaccharide, followed by one uronic acid reductase and two 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate (KDG) kinases to produce pyruvate.
26590273	1	79	theme	Novel	38:42	arg1	Bacterium					57:65	a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium	36:65	a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae	36:91	nov., a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae.
26590273	1	79	theme	Novel	38:42	arg1	nov.					30:33	nov.	30:33	nov.	30:33	nov., a Novel Thermophilic Bacterium That Degrades Brown Algae.
26590273	11	80	theme	NAD	1466:1468	arg1	presence					1454:1461	the presence	1450:1461	the presence of NAD(+)	1450:1471	A nonclassical mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalyzing D-mannitol 1-phosphate to fructose 1-phosphate in the presence of NAD(+), and one laminarase also were disclosed.
26590273	3	81	from	unknown	286:292	arg1	microorganisms					310:323	thermophilic microorganisms	297:323	thermophilic microorganisms	297:323	However, the mechanism for brown alga assimilation remains largely unknown in thermophilic microorganisms.
28614672	9	0	theme	retort	1609:1614	arg1	sterilization					1616:1628	retort sterilization	1609:1628	retort sterilization	1609:1628	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	3	1	theme	immune-protective	450:466	arg1	protein					468:474	immune-protective protein	450:474	immune-protective protein	450:474	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	7	2	theme	vat	1319:1321	arg1	samples					1349:1355	vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples	1319:1355	vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples	1319:1355	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	0	3	from	Banks	143:147	arg1	Variation					16:24	Variation	16:24	Variation	16:24	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	3	from	Banks	143:147	arg1	Composition					0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	3	from	Banks	143:147	arg1	Milk					103:106	Human Milk	97:106	Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	97:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	6	4	theme	pasteurized	1149:1159	arg1	samples					1161:1167	the Holder and vat pasteurized samples	1130:1167	samples	1161:1167	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	3	5	theme	oligosaccharide	492:506	arg1	content					514:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	6	6	theme	p	1077:1077	arg1	<					1079:1079	p < .05	1077:1083	p < .05	1077:1083	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	10	7	theme	retort	1838:1843	arg1	sterilization					1845:1857	retort sterilization	1838:1857	retort sterilization	1838:1857	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	3	8	theme	human	481:485	arg1	content					514:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	1	9	theme	human	166:170	arg1	milk					172:175	human milk	166:175	human milk	166:175	BACKGROUND When human milk is unavailable, banked milk is recommended for feeding premature infants.
28614672	7	10	theme	pasteurized	1337:1347	arg1	samples					1349:1355	vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples	1319:1355	vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples	1319:1355	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	4	11	theme	macronutrient	766:778	arg1	concentrations					780:793	macronutrient concentrations	766:793	macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	766:865	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	7	12	theme	sterilized	1286:1295	arg1	samples					1297:1303	the retort sterilized samples	1275:1303	the retort sterilized samples	1275:1303	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	10	13	from	effect	1828:1833	arg1	components					1873:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	6	14	theme	fat	1052:1054	arg1	concentrations					1022:1035	The concentrations	1018:1035	The concentrations of protein and fat	1018:1054	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	6	14	theme	fat	1052:1054	arg1	less					1086:1089	less	1086:1089	less	1086:1089	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	4	15	theme	human	673:677	arg1	samples					684:690	human milk samples	673:690	human milk samples	673:690	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	10	16	theme	milk	1868:1871	arg1	components					1873:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	5	17	theme	HMO	970:972	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	3	18	theme	HMO	509:511	arg1	content					514:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	10	19	theme	widespread	1903:1912	arg1	adoption					1914:1921	widespread adoption	1903:1921	widespread adoption of this process	1903:1937	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	4	20	theme	mid-infrared	821:832	arg1	spectroscopy					834:845	mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	821:865	mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	821:865	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	6	21	dep	less	1086:1089	arg1	<					1079:1079	p < .05	1077:1083	p < .05	1077:1083	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	0	22	theme	Milk	138:141	arg1	Banks					143:147	Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	113:147	Banks	143:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	3	23	theme	human	525:529	arg1	milk					531:534	human milk	525:534	human milk	525:534	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	4	24	theme	human	847:851	arg1	analyzer					858:865	human milk analyzer	847:865	mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	821:865	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	2	25	theme	Milk	251:254	arg1	banks					256:260	Milk banks	251:260	Milk banks	251:260	Milk banks use processes to eliminate pathogens; however, variability among methods exists.
28614672	7	26	theme	p	1258:1258	arg1	<					1260:1260	p < .05	1258:1264	p < .05	1258:1264	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	10	27	theme	process	1931:1937	arg1	adoption					1914:1921	widespread adoption	1903:1921	widespread adoption of this process	1903:1937	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	8	28	theme	HMO	1368:1370	arg1	less					1491:1494	less	1491:1494	less	1491:1494	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	8	28	theme	HMO	1368:1370	arg1	concentration					1372:1384	The total HMO concentration	1358:1384	The total HMO concentration	1358:1384	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	4	29	dep	spectroscopy	834:845	arg1	analyzer					858:865	human milk analyzer	847:865	mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	821:865	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	3	30	theme	independent	547:557	arg1	banks					564:568	three independent milk banks	541:568	three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization	541:644	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	0	31	from	Variation	16:24	arg1	Banks					143:147	Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	113:147	Banks	143:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	31	from	Variation	16:24	arg1	Milk					103:106	Human Milk	97:106	Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	97:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	32	theme	Human	66:70	arg1	Oligosaccharides					77:92	Human Milk Oligosaccharides	66:92	Human Milk Oligosaccharides	66:92	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	3	33	theme	Research	343:350	arg1	aim					352:354	Research aim	343:354	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.	343:645	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	0	34	from	Composition	0:10	arg1	Banks					143:147	Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	113:147	Banks	143:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	34	from	Composition	0:10	arg1	Milk					103:106	Human Milk	97:106	Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	97:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	4	35	theme	different	703:711	arg1	banks					718:722	three different milk banks	697:722	three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank)	697:746	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	0	36	theme	Oligosaccharides	77:92	arg1	Variation					16:24	Variation	16:24	Variation	16:24	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	36	theme	Oligosaccharides	77:92	arg1	Composition					0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	5	37	theme	mass	991:994	arg1	spectrometry					996:1007	mass spectrometry	991:1007	mass spectrometry	991:1007	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	10	38	from	components	1873:1882	arg1	analysis					1812:1819	further analysis	1804:1819	further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components	1804:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	8	39	gly	nonfucosylated	1431:1444	arg1	sugars					1454:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	9	40	theme	specific	1694:1701	arg1	HMOs					1703:1706	total and specific HMOs	1684:1706	total and specific HMOs	1684:1706	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	0	41	theme	Human	97:101	arg1	Milk					103:106	Human Milk	97:106	Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	97:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	4	42	theme	milk	679:682	arg1	samples					684:690	human milk samples	673:690	human milk samples	673:690	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	3	43	from	banks	564:568	arg1	macronutrient					398:410	the macronutrient	394:410	the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy)	394:447	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	43	from	banks	564:568	arg1	protein					468:474	immune-protective protein	450:474	immune-protective protein	450:474	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	43	from	banks	564:568	arg1	content					514:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	7	44	theme	immune-modulating	1210:1226	arg1	proteins					1228:1235	all immune-modulating proteins	1206:1235	all immune-modulating proteins	1206:1235	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	8	45	theme	neutral	1446:1452	arg1	sugars					1454:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	0	46	theme	Macronutrients	29:42	arg1	Variation					16:24	Variation	16:24	Variation	16:24	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	46	theme	Macronutrients	29:42	arg1	Composition					0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	6	47	dep	RESULTS	1010:1016	arg1	concentrations					1022:1035	The concentrations	1018:1035	The concentrations of protein and fat	1018:1054	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	6	47	dep	RESULTS	1010:1016	arg1	less					1086:1089	less	1086:1089	less	1086:1089	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	0	48	theme	Immune	45:50	arg1	Proteins					52:59	Immune Proteins	45:59	Immune Proteins	45:59	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	5	49	theme	antitrypsin	945:955	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	9	50	theme	vat	1760:1762	arg1	pasteurization					1764:1777	vat pasteurization	1760:1777	vat pasteurization	1760:1777	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	8	51	theme	pasteurized	1538:1548	arg1	samples					1550:1556	Holder pasteurized samples	1531:1556	Holder pasteurized samples	1531:1556	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	3	52	dep	pasteurization	579:592	arg1	Holder					595:600	Holder	595:600	Holder	595:600	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	52	dep	pasteurization	579:592	arg1	techniques					610:619	vat techniques	606:619	vat techniques	606:619	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	1	53	theme	premature	232:240	arg1	infants					242:248	feeding premature infants	224:248	feeding premature infants	224:248	BACKGROUND When human milk is unavailable, banked milk is recommended for feeding premature infants.
28614672	9	54	theme	Random	1570:1575	arg1	samples					1582:1588	Random milk samples	1570:1588	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.	1559:1778	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	3	55	dep	macronutrient	398:410	arg1	energy					441:446	energy	441:446	energy	441:446	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	55	dep	macronutrient	398:410	arg1	fat					436:438	fat	436:438	fat	436:438	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	55	dep	macronutrient	398:410	arg1	carbohydrate					422:433	carbohydrate	422:433	carbohydrate	422:433	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	55	dep	macronutrient	398:410	arg1	protein					413:419	protein	413:419	protein	413:419	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	56	theme	milk	487:490	arg1	content					514:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	8	57	theme	sterilized	1506:1515	arg1	retort					1499:1504	retort sterilized	1499:1515	retort sterilized	1499:1515	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	10	58	theme	sterilization	1845:1857	arg1	effect					1828:1833	the effect	1824:1833	the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components	1824:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	6	59	theme	vat	1145:1147	arg1	samples					1161:1167	the Holder and vat pasteurized samples	1130:1167	samples	1161:1167	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	9	60	dep	CONCLUSION	1559:1568	arg1	samples					1582:1588	Random milk samples	1570:1588	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.	1559:1778	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	7	61	theme	Holder	1330:1335	arg1	samples					1349:1355	vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples	1319:1355	vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples	1319:1355	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	7	62	dep	less	1267:1270	arg1	<					1260:1260	p < .05	1258:1264	p < .05	1258:1264	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	10	63	from	analysis	1812:1819	arg1	components					1873:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	9	64	theme	milk	1577:1580	arg1	samples					1582:1588	Random milk samples	1570:1588	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.	1559:1778	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	10	65	theme	further	1804:1810	arg1	analysis					1812:1819	further analysis	1804:1819	further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components	1804:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	8	66	contain	containing	1395:1404	arg2	fucose					1406:1411	fucose	1406:1411	fucose	1406:1411	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	8	66	contain	containing	1395:1404	arg2	acid					1421:1424	sialic acid	1414:1424	sialic acid	1414:1424	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	8	66	contain	containing	1395:1404	arg2	sugars					1454:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	8	66	contain	containing	1395:1404	arg1	HMOs					1390:1393	HMOs	1390:1393	HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1390:1459	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	0	67	theme	Nonprofit	113:121	arg1	Banks					143:147	Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	113:147	Banks	143:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	4	68	theme	milk	853:856	arg1	analyzer					858:865	human milk analyzer	847:865	mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	821:865	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	7	69	theme	retort	1279:1284	arg1	samples					1297:1303	the retort sterilized samples	1275:1303	the retort sterilized samples	1275:1303	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	10	70	theme	human	1862:1866	arg1	components					1873:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	human milk components	1862:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	0	71	theme	Commercial	127:136	arg1	Banks					143:147	Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks	113:147	Banks	143:147	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	3	72	theme	milk	531:534	arg1	macronutrient					398:410	the macronutrient	394:410	the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy)	394:447	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	72	theme	milk	531:534	arg1	protein					468:474	immune-protective protein	450:474	immune-protective protein	450:474	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	3	72	theme	milk	531:534	arg1	content					514:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content	481:520	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	1	73	theme	banked	193:198	arg1	milk					200:203	banked milk	193:203	banked milk	193:203	BACKGROUND When human milk is unavailable, banked milk is recommended for feeding premature infants.
28614672	9	74	theme	total	1684:1688	arg1	HMOs					1703:1706	total and specific HMOs	1684:1706	total and specific HMOs	1684:1706	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	4	75	from	bank	742:745	arg1	n					726:726	n = 3	726:730	n = 3	726:730	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	8	76	theme	total	1362:1366	arg1	less					1491:1494	less	1491:1494	less	1491:1494	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	8	76	theme	total	1362:1366	arg1	concentration					1372:1384	The total HMO concentration	1358:1384	The total HMO concentration	1358:1384	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	5	77	theme	casein	958:963	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	3	78	theme	milk	559:562	arg1	banks					564:568	three independent milk banks	541:568	three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization	541:644	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	4	79	dep	banks	718:722	arg1	n					726:726	n = 3	726:730	n = 3	726:730	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	9	80	theme	immune-protective	1653:1669	arg1	proteins					1671:1678	significantly less immune-protective proteins	1634:1678	significantly less immune-protective proteins	1634:1678	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	0	81	theme	Milk	72:75	arg1	Oligosaccharides					77:92	Human Milk Oligosaccharides	66:92	Human Milk Oligosaccharides	66:92	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	8	82	dep	less	1491:1494	arg1	<					1484:1484	p < .05	1482:1488	p < .05	1482:1488	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	5	83	theme	IgM	895:897	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	8	84	theme	sialic	1414:1419	arg1	acid					1421:1424	sialic acid	1414:1424	sialic acid	1414:1424	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	5	85	theme	IgG	900:902	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	7	86	theme	proteins	1228:1235	arg1	concentrations					1188:1201	The concentrations	1184:1201	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins	1184:1235	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	7	86	theme	proteins	1228:1235	arg1	less					1267:1270	less	1267:1270	less	1267:1270	The concentrations of all immune-modulating proteins were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized samples compared with vat and/or Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	4	87	theme	milk	713:716	arg1	banks					718:722	three different milk banks	697:722	three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank)	697:746	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	8	88	theme	nonfucosylated	1431:1444	arg1	sugars					1454:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	nonfucosylated neutral sugars	1431:1459	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	1	89	dep	BACKGROUND	150:159	arg1	recommended					208:218	recommended	208:218	is recommended for feeding premature infants	205:248	BACKGROUND When human milk is unavailable, banked milk is recommended for feeding premature infants.
28614672	5	90	theme	IgA	890:892	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	4	91	dep	Fourier	803:809	arg1	transform					811:819	transform	811:819	transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer	811:865	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	5	92	theme	α-lactalbumin	928:940	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	0	93	theme	Proteins	52:59	arg1	Variation					16:24	Variation	16:24	Variation	16:24	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	0	93	theme	Proteins	52:59	arg1	Composition					0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition and Variation of Macronutrients, Immune Proteins, and Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Human Milk From Nonprofit and Commercial Milk Banks.
28614672	5	94	theme	α	943:943	arg1	antitrypsin					945:955	α antitrypsin	943:955	α antitrypsin	943:955	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	6	95	theme	protein	1040:1046	arg1	concentrations					1022:1035	The concentrations	1018:1035	The concentrations of protein and fat	1018:1054	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	6	95	theme	protein	1040:1046	arg1	less					1086:1089	less	1086:1089	less	1086:1089	RESULTS The concentrations of protein and fat were significantly ( p < .05) less in the retort sterilized compared with the Holder and vat pasteurized samples, respectively.
28614672	3	96	theme	study	373:377	arg1	aim					361:363	The aim	357:363	The aim of this study	357:377	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	8	97	theme	p	1482:1482	arg1	<					1484:1484	p < .05	1482:1488	p < .05	1482:1488	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	10	98	theme	effect	1828:1833	arg1	analysis					1812:1819	further analysis	1804:1819	further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components	1804:1882	These data suggest that further analysis of the effect of retort sterilization on human milk components is needed prior to widespread adoption of this process.
28614672	3	99	theme	vat	606:608	arg1	techniques					610:619	vat techniques	606:619	vat techniques	606:619	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	8	100	theme	Holder	1531:1536	arg1	samples					1550:1556	Holder pasteurized samples	1531:1556	Holder pasteurized samples	1531:1556	The total HMO concentration and HMOs containing fucose, sialic acid, and nonfucosylated neutral sugars were significantly ( p < .05) less in retort sterilized compared with Holder pasteurized samples.
28614672	5	101	theme	lactoferrin	905:915	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	3	102	dep	aim	352:354	arg1	was					379:381	was	379:381	was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization	379:644	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	5	103	theme	lysozyme	918:925	arg1	concentrations					872:885	The concentrations	868:885	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO	868:972	The concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin, α antitrypsin, casein, and HMO were analyzed by mass spectrometry.
28614672	3	104	theme	retort	625:630	arg1	sterilization					632:644	retort sterilization	625:644	retort sterilization	625:644	Research aim: The aim of this study was to compare the macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, fat, energy), immune-protective protein, and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) content of human milk from three independent milk banks that use pasteurization (Holder vs. vat techniques) or retort sterilization.
28614672	4	105	theme	=	728:728	arg1	n					726:726	n = 3	726:730	n = 3	726:730	METHODS Randomly acquired human milk samples from three different milk banks ( n = 3 from each bank) were analyzed for macronutrient concentrations using a Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy human milk analyzer.
28614672	9	106	contain	had	1630:1632	arg2	HMOs					1703:1706	total and specific HMOs	1684:1706	total and specific HMOs	1684:1706	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	9	106	contain	had	1630:1632	arg1	sterilization					1616:1628	retort sterilization	1609:1628	retort sterilization	1609:1628	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	9	106	contain	had	1630:1632	arg2	proteins					1671:1678	significantly less immune-protective proteins	1634:1678	significantly less immune-protective proteins	1634:1678	CONCLUSION Random milk samples that had undergone retort sterilization had significantly less immune-protective proteins and total and specific HMOs compared with samples that had undergone Holder and vat pasteurization.
28614672	1	107	theme	feeding	224:230	arg1	infants					242:248	feeding premature infants	224:248	feeding premature infants	224:248	BACKGROUND When human milk is unavailable, banked milk is recommended for feeding premature infants.
28486750	12	0	theme	remodeling	1525:1534	arg1	mediator					1492:1499	a stromal mediator	1482:1499	a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells	1482:1596	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	7	1	theme	protein	904:910	arg1	function					887:894	the function	883:894	the function of this protein	883:910	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	9	2	theme	SPOCK1	983:988	arg1	Expression					969:978	Expression	969:978	Expression of SPOCK1	969:988	Expression of SPOCK1 was associated with poor disease outcome.
28486750	13	3	theme	microenvironment	1703:1718	arg1	remodeling					1679:1688	the protumorigenic remodeling	1660:1688	the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment	1660:1718	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	6	4	from	mechanisms	729:738	arg1	PDAC					764:767	PDAC	764:767	PDAC	764:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	5	5	from	effort	549:554	arg1	PDAC					559:562	PDAC	559:562	PDAC	559:562	One possible candidate is SPOCK1 that we previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC.
28486750	12	6	theme	extracellular	1504:1516	arg1	remodeling					1525:1534	extracellular matrix remodeling	1504:1534	extracellular matrix remodeling	1504:1534	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	7	7	used	used	854:857	arg2	models					801:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models	770:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells	770:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	9	8	theme	poor	1010:1013	arg1	outcome					1023:1029	poor disease outcome	1010:1029	poor disease outcome	1010:1029	Expression of SPOCK1 was associated with poor disease outcome.
28486750	5	9	theme	possible	475:482	arg1	candidate					484:492	One possible candidate	471:492	One possible candidate	471:492	One possible candidate is SPOCK1 that we previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC.
28486750	3	10	theme	stroma	286:291	arg1	targeting					293:301	stroma targeting	286:301	stroma targeting	286:301	This is underscored by the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies.
28486750	6	11	theme	expression	596:605	arg1	datasets					607:614	PDAC gene expression datasets	586:614	PDAC gene expression datasets	586:614	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	6	12	theme	PDAC	586:589	arg1	datasets					607:614	PDAC gene expression datasets	586:614	PDAC gene expression datasets	586:614	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	4	13	theme	stromal	414:420	arg1	tumor-promoting					454:468	tumor-promoting	454:468	tumor-promoting	454:468	Given the complexity of tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC, there is a need to identify the stromal proteins that are predominantly tumor-promoting.
28486750	4	13	theme	stromal	414:420	arg1	proteins					422:429	the stromal proteins	410:429	the stromal proteins that are predominantly tumor-promoting	410:468	Given the complexity of tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC, there is a need to identify the stromal proteins that are predominantly tumor-promoting.
28486750	5	14	dep	we	509:510	arg1	SPOCK1					497:502	SPOCK1	497:502	SPOCK1 that we previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC	497:562	One possible candidate is SPOCK1 that we previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC.
28486750	5	14	dep	we	509:510	arg1	identified					523:532	identified	523:532	previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC	512:562	One possible candidate is SPOCK1 that we previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC.
28486750	1	15	theme	stromal	124:130	arg1	deposition					132:141	an abundant stromal deposition	112:141	an abundant stromal deposition	112:141	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is marked by an abundant stromal deposition.
28486750	10	16	link	cell-derived	1132:1143	arg1	factor-beta					1165:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	Coculture and ligand stimulation experiments revealed that SPOCK1 is expressed in response to tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta.
28486750	12	17	theme	functional	1409:1418	arg1	properties					1420:1429	functional properties	1409:1429	functional properties	1409:1429	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	10	18	theme	cell-derived	1132:1143	arg1	factor-beta					1165:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	Coculture and ligand stimulation experiments revealed that SPOCK1 is expressed in response to tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta.
28486750	5	19	theme	screening	539:547	arg1	effort					549:554	a screening effort	537:554	a screening effort in PDAC	537:562	One possible candidate is SPOCK1 that we previously identified in a screening effort in PDAC.
28486750	6	20	theme	transcript	643:652	arg1	analysis					654:661	species-specific transcript analysis	626:661	species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC	626:694	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	12	21	from	pattern	1397:1403	arg1	cancer					1455:1460	pancreatic cancer	1444:1460	pancreatic cancer	1444:1460	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	4	22	from	complexity	334:343	arg1	PDAC					376:379	PDAC	376:379	PDAC	376:379	Given the complexity of tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC, there is a need to identify the stromal proteins that are predominantly tumor-promoting.
28486750	11	23	theme	cell	1349:1352	arg1	growth					1354:1359	invasive tumor cell growth	1334:1359	invasive tumor cell growth	1334:1359	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	1	24	theme	ductal	70:75	arg1	adenocarcinoma					77:90	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	59:90	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	59:97	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is marked by an abundant stromal deposition.
28486750	1	24	theme	ductal	70:75	arg1	PDAC					93:96	PDAC	93:96	PDAC	93:96	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is marked by an abundant stromal deposition.
28486750	13	25	theme	specific	1779:1786	arg1	targets					1796:1802	specific stromal targets	1779:1802	specific stromal targets	1779:1802	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	6	26	theme	driver	722:727	arg1	mechanisms					729:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms	705:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC	705:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	10	27	theme	growth	1158:1163	arg1	factor-beta					1165:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	Coculture and ligand stimulation experiments revealed that SPOCK1 is expressed in response to tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta.
28486750	6	28	theme	patterns	709:716	arg1	mechanisms					729:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms	705:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC	705:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	12	29	dep	pattern	1397:1403	arg1	the					1382:1384	the	1382:1384	the	1382:1384	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	0	30	theme	Stromal	0:6	arg1	SPOCK1					8:13	Stromal SPOCK1	0:13	Stromal SPOCK1	0:13	Stromal SPOCK1 supports invasive pancreatic cancer growth.
28486750	11	31	theme	matrix	1302:1307	arg1	composition					1260:1270	the composition	1256:1270	the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix	1256:1307	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	6	32	from	analysis	654:661	arg1	models					680:685	mixed-species models	666:685	mixed-species models for PDAC	666:694	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	13	33	theme	clinical	1752:1759	arg1	studies					1761:1767	future clinical studies	1745:1767	future clinical studies	1745:1767	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	11	34	from	assessment	1189:1198	arg1	cocultures					1203:1212	cocultures	1203:1212	cocultures	1203:1212	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	7	35	theme	patient-derived	821:835	arg1	cells					843:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	12	36	theme	stromal	1484:1490	arg1	mediator					1492:1499	a stromal mediator	1482:1499	a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells	1482:1596	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	12	37	theme	cells	1592:1596	arg1	behavior					1575:1582	the aggressive behavior	1560:1582	the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells	1560:1596	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	11	38	theme	extracellular	1279:1291	arg1	matrix					1302:1307	the extracellular collagen matrix	1275:1307	the extracellular collagen matrix	1275:1307	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	0	39	theme	pancreatic	33:42	arg1	growth					51:56	invasive pancreatic cancer growth	24:56	invasive pancreatic cancer growth	24:56	Stromal SPOCK1 supports invasive pancreatic cancer growth.
28486750	4	40	theme	interaction	361:371	arg1	complexity					334:343	the complexity	330:343	the complexity of tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC	330:379	Given the complexity of tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC, there is a need to identify the stromal proteins that are predominantly tumor-promoting.
28486750	11	41	theme	invasive	1334:1341	arg1	growth					1354:1359	invasive tumor cell growth	1334:1359	invasive tumor cell growth	1334:1359	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	11	42	dep	affects	1248:1254	arg1	enables					1326:1332	enables	1326:1332	enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC	1326:1367	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	7	43	theme	coculture	791:799	arg1	models					801:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models	770:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells	770:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	12	44	theme	aggressive	1564:1573	arg1	behavior					1575:1582	the aggressive behavior	1560:1582	the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells	1560:1596	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	6	45	from	PDAC	764:767	arg1	mechanisms					729:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms	705:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC	705:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	7	46	theme	Advanced	770:777	arg1	models					801:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models	770:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells	770:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	7	47	link	patient-derived	821:835	arg1	cells					843:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	6	48	theme	expression	750:759	arg1	mechanisms					729:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms	705:738	the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC	705:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	3	49	from	results	275:281	arg1	studies					315:321	clinical studies	306:321	clinical studies	306:321	This is underscored by the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies.
28486750	6	50	from	expression	750:759	arg1	PDAC					764:767	PDAC	764:767	PDAC	764:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	7	51	with	models	801:806	arg1	cells					843:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	13	52	theme	tumor	1697:1701	arg1	microenvironment					1703:1718	the tumor microenvironment	1693:1718	the tumor microenvironment	1693:1718	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	12	53	theme	matrix	1518:1523	arg1	remodeling					1525:1534	extracellular matrix remodeling	1504:1534	extracellular matrix remodeling	1504:1534	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	3	54	theme	disappointing	261:273	arg1	results					275:281	the disappointing results	257:281	the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies	257:321	This is underscored by the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies.
28486750	13	55	theme	protumorigenic	1664:1677	arg1	remodeling					1679:1688	the protumorigenic remodeling	1660:1688	the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment	1660:1718	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	12	56	theme	pancreatic	1444:1453	arg1	cancer					1455:1460	pancreatic cancer	1444:1460	pancreatic cancer	1444:1460	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	9	57	theme	disease	1015:1021	arg1	outcome					1023:1029	poor disease outcome	1010:1029	poor disease outcome	1010:1029	Expression of SPOCK1 was associated with poor disease outcome.
28486750	3	58	theme	targeting	293:301	arg1	results					275:281	the disappointing results	257:281	the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies	257:321	This is underscored by the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies.
28486750	6	59	theme	gene	591:594	arg1	datasets					607:614	PDAC gene expression datasets	586:614	PDAC gene expression datasets	586:614	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	10	60	theme	stimulation	1053:1063	arg1	experiments					1065:1075	ligand stimulation experiments	1046:1075	ligand stimulation experiments	1046:1075	Coculture and ligand stimulation experiments revealed that SPOCK1 is expressed in response to tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta.
28486750	12	61	theme	SPOCK1	1434:1439	arg1	pattern					1397:1403	expression pattern	1386:1403	expression pattern	1386:1403	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	12	61	theme	SPOCK1	1434:1439	arg1	properties					1420:1429	functional properties	1409:1429	functional properties	1409:1429	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	1	62	theme	abundant	115:122	arg1	deposition					132:141	an abundant stromal deposition	112:141	an abundant stromal deposition	112:141	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is marked by an abundant stromal deposition.
28486750	3	63	theme	clinical	306:313	arg1	studies					315:321	clinical studies	306:321	clinical studies	306:321	This is underscored by the disappointing results of stroma targeting in clinical studies.
28486750	12	64	theme	expression	1386:1395	arg1	pattern					1397:1403	expression pattern	1386:1403	expression pattern	1386:1403	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	6	65	theme	mixed-species	666:678	arg1	models					680:685	mixed-species models	666:685	mixed-species models for PDAC	666:694	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	13	66	theme	stromal	1620:1626	arg1	proteins					1628:1635	stromal proteins	1620:1635	stromal proteins	1620:1635	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	12	67	from	properties	1420:1429	arg1	cancer					1455:1460	pancreatic cancer	1444:1460	pancreatic cancer	1444:1460	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	6	68	theme	species-specific	626:641	arg1	analysis					654:661	species-specific transcript analysis	626:661	species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC	626:694	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	1	69	theme	Pancreatic	59:68	arg1	adenocarcinoma					77:90	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	59:90	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)	59:97	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is marked by an abundant stromal deposition.
28486750	1	69	theme	Pancreatic	59:68	arg1	PDAC					93:96	PDAC	93:96	PDAC	93:96	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is marked by an abundant stromal deposition.
28486750	13	70	theme	stromal	1788:1794	arg1	targets					1796:1802	specific stromal targets	1779:1802	specific stromal targets	1779:1802	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	10	71	theme	transforming	1145:1156	arg1	factor-beta					1165:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta	1126:1175	Coculture and ligand stimulation experiments revealed that SPOCK1 is expressed in response to tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta.
28486750	11	72	theme	collagen	1293:1300	arg1	matrix					1302:1307	the extracellular collagen matrix	1275:1307	the extracellular collagen matrix	1275:1307	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	0	73	theme	invasive	24:31	arg1	growth					51:56	invasive pancreatic cancer growth	24:56	invasive pancreatic cancer growth	24:56	Stromal SPOCK1 supports invasive pancreatic cancer growth.
28486750	8	74	theme	SPOCK1	922:927	arg1	expression					929:938	SPOCK1 expression	922:938	SPOCK1 expression	922:938	We found SPOCK1 expression to be predominantly stromal.
28486750	13	75	theme	studies	1761:1767	arg1	design					1735:1740	the design	1731:1740	the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets	1731:1802	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	0	76	theme	cancer	44:49	arg1	growth					51:56	invasive pancreatic cancer growth	24:56	invasive pancreatic cancer growth	24:56	Stromal SPOCK1 supports invasive pancreatic cancer growth.
28486750	7	77	theme	tumor	837:841	arg1	cells					843:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	12	78	theme	PDAC	1587:1590	arg1	cells					1592:1596	PDAC cells	1587:1596	PDAC cells	1587:1596	By defining the expression pattern and functional properties of SPOCK1 in pancreatic cancer, we have identified a stromal mediator of extracellular matrix remodeling that indirectly affects the aggressive behavior of PDAC cells.
28486750	6	79	used	used	621:624	arg2	We					565:566	We	565:566	We	565:566	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
28486750	7	80	theme	primary	813:819	arg1	cells					843:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	primary patient-derived tumor cells	813:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	11	81	theme	Functional	1178:1187	arg1	assessment					1189:1198	Functional assessment	1178:1198	Functional assessment in cocultures	1178:1212	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	4	82	theme	tumor-stroma	348:359	arg1	interaction					361:371	tumor-stroma interaction	348:371	tumor-stroma interaction	348:371	Given the complexity of tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC, there is a need to identify the stromal proteins that are predominantly tumor-promoting.
28486750	11	83	theme	tumor	1343:1347	arg1	growth					1354:1359	invasive tumor cell growth	1334:1359	invasive tumor cell growth	1334:1359	Functional assessment in cocultures demonstrated that SPOCK1 strongly affects the composition of the extracellular collagen matrix and by doing so, enables invasive tumor cell growth in PDAC.
28486750	2	84	theme	tumor-suppressing	204:220	arg1	properties					222:231	both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing properties	179:231	both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing properties	179:231	This stroma is suspected to harbor both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing properties.
28486750	10	85	theme	ligand	1046:1051	arg1	experiments					1065:1075	ligand stimulation experiments	1046:1075	ligand stimulation experiments	1046:1075	Coculture and ligand stimulation experiments revealed that SPOCK1 is expressed in response to tumor cell-derived transforming growth factor-beta.
28486750	13	86	theme	future	1745:1750	arg1	studies					1761:1767	future clinical studies	1745:1767	future clinical studies	1745:1767	The recognition that stromal proteins actively contribute to the protumorigenic remodeling of the tumor microenvironment should aid the design of future clinical studies to target specific stromal targets.
28486750	2	87	theme	tumor-promoting	184:198	arg1	properties					222:231	both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing properties	179:231	both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing properties	179:231	This stroma is suspected to harbor both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing properties.
28486750	7	88	theme	organotypic	779:789	arg1	models					801:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models	770:806	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells	770:847	Advanced organotypic coculture models with primary patient-derived tumor cells were used to further characterize the function of this protein.
28486750	6	89	theme	SPOCK1	743:748	arg1	expression					750:759	SPOCK1 expression	743:759	SPOCK1 expression in PDAC	743:767	We extensively mined PDAC gene expression datasets, and used species-specific transcript analysis in mixed-species models for PDAC to study the patterns and driver mechanisms of SPOCK1 expression in PDAC.
27040350	7	0	theme	72 h	810:813	arg1	post-partum					815:825	the first 72 h post-partum	800:825	the first 72 h post-partum	800:825	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	1	1	theme	secretory	241:249	arg1	activation					251:260	secretory activation	241:260	secretory activation	241:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	8	2	theme	K+	1021:1022	arg1	levels					1024:1029	K+ levels	1021:1029	K+ levels	1021:1029	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	6	3	theme	mixed	776:780	arg1	models					789:794	linear mixed effect models	769:794	linear mixed effect models	769:794	Data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models.
27040350	1	4	theme	activation	251:260	arg1	timing					231:236	the timing	227:236	the timing of secretory activation	227:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	0	5	from	Changes	0:6	arg1	composition					16:26	milk composition	11:26	milk composition	11:26	Changes in milk composition associated with pethidine-PCEA usage after Caesarean section.
27040350	13	6	theme	pethidine-PCEA	1478:1491	arg1	effects					1467:1473	effects	1467:1473	effects of pethidine-PCEA	1467:1491	This suggests that effects of pethidine-PCEA are diminished by 72 h post-partum and undetected by 165 h.
27040350	7	7	from	difference	837:846	arg1	concentration					859:871	lactose concentration	851:871	lactose concentration	851:871	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	8	8	theme	protein	942:948	arg1	concentrations					958:971	protein and Na+ concentrations	942:971	protein and Na+ concentrations	942:971	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	5	9	theme	time	663:666	arg1	periods					668:674	three time periods	657:674	three time periods: 0-72, >72-165 and >165-265 h post-partum for statistical analyses	657:741	Samples were assigned to three time periods: 0-72, >72-165 and >165-265 h post-partum for statistical analyses.
27040350	3	10	theme	Several	450:456	arg1	samples					463:469	Several milk samples	450:469	Several milk samples	450:469	Several milk samples were collected daily from 36 mothers (17 V, 19 CBP) for the first 265 h post-partum.
27040350	8	11	theme	group	1046:1050	arg1	P < 0.001					1055:1063	P < 0.001	1055:1063	P < 0.001	1055:1063	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	8	11	theme	group	1046:1050	arg1	V					1052:1052	group V	1046:1052	group V (P < 0.001)	1046:1064	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	1	12	theme	specific	165:172	arg1	components					186:195	specific biochemical components	165:195	specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation	165:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	11	13	theme	biochemical	1281:1291	arg1	components					1293:1302	measured biochemical components	1272:1302	measured biochemical components observed within group CBP	1272:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	8	14	theme	Na+	954:956	arg1	concentrations					958:971	protein and Na+ concentrations	942:971	protein and Na+ concentrations	942:971	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	7	15	theme	lactose	851:857	arg1	concentration					859:871	lactose concentration	851:871	lactose concentration	851:871	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	12	16	from	differences	1386:1396	arg1	components					1417:1426	the biochemical components	1401:1426	the biochemical components	1401:1426	However, by 165 h post-partum, there were no differences in the biochemical components between the groups.
27040350	1	17	theme	biochemical	174:184	arg1	components					186:195	specific biochemical components	165:195	specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation	165:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	5	18	theme	statistical	722:732	arg1	analyses					734:741	statistical analyses	722:741	statistical analyses	722:741	Samples were assigned to three time periods: 0-72, >72-165 and >165-265 h post-partum for statistical analyses.
27040350	11	19	theme	greater	1250:1256	arg1	variations					1258:1267	greater variations	1250:1267	greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP	1250:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	2	20	theme	study	304:308	arg1	aim					292:294	The aim	288:294	The aim of this study	288:308	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	11	21	theme	group	1320:1324	arg1	CBP					1326:1328	group CBP	1320:1328	group CBP	1320:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	4	22	theme	K+	603:604	arg1	levels					610:615	Na+ and K+ ion levels	595:615	Na+ and K+ ion levels	595:615	Protein and lactose concentrations and Na+ and K+ ion levels were measured.
27040350	2	23	theme	Caesarean	407:415	arg1	birth					417:421	a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth	390:421	birth	417:421	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	8	24	theme	>72-165 h	919:927	arg1	post-partum					929:939	>72-165 h post-partum	919:939	>72-165 h post-partum	919:939	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	9	25	theme	significant	1110:1120	arg1	differences					1122:1132	no significant differences	1107:1132	no significant differences between the groups	1107:1151	From >165-265 h post-partum, there were no significant differences between the groups.
27040350	11	26	theme	measured	1272:1279	arg1	components					1293:1302	measured biochemical components	1272:1302	measured biochemical components observed within group CBP	1272:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	9	27	theme	>165-265 h	1072:1081	arg1	post-partum					1083:1093	>165-265 h post-partum	1072:1093	>165-265 h post-partum	1072:1093	From >165-265 h post-partum, there were no significant differences between the groups.
27040350	8	28	theme	group	987:991	arg1	V					993:993	group V	987:993	group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02)	987:1014	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	8	28	theme	group	987:991	arg1	P = 0.02					1006:1013	P = 0.02	1006:1013	P = 0.02	1006:1013	From >72-165 h post-partum, protein and Na+ concentrations were lower in group V (P = 0.05, P = 0.02), and K+ levels were higher in group V (P < 0.001).
27040350	1	29	theme	breast	200:205	arg1	milk					207:210	breast milk	200:210	breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation	200:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	0	30	theme	milk	11:14	arg1	composition					16:26	milk composition	11:26	milk composition	11:26	Changes in milk composition associated with pethidine-PCEA usage after Caesarean section.
27040350	1	31	theme	pethidine	104:112	arg1	effect					94:99	The effect	90:99	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation	90:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	4	32	theme	Protein	556:562	arg1	concentrations					576:589	Protein and lactose concentrations	556:589	Protein and lactose concentrations	556:589	Protein and lactose concentrations and Na+ and K+ ion levels were measured.
27040350	12	33	theme	biochemical	1405:1415	arg1	components					1417:1426	the biochemical components	1401:1426	the biochemical components	1401:1426	However, by 165 h post-partum, there were no differences in the biochemical components between the groups.
27040350	3	34	theme	milk	458:461	arg1	samples					463:469	Several milk samples	450:469	Several milk samples	450:469	Several milk samples were collected daily from 36 mothers (17 V, 19 CBP) for the first 265 h post-partum.
27040350	11	35	located	observed	1304:1311	arg1	CBP					1326:1328	group CBP	1320:1328	group CBP	1320:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	11	35	located	observed	1304:1311	arg2	components					1293:1302	measured biochemical components	1272:1302	measured biochemical components observed within group CBP	1272:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	10	36	theme	secretory	1169:1177	arg1	activation					1179:1188	secretory activation	1169:1188	secretory activation	1169:1188	Biochemically, secretory activation had occurred by 72 h post-partum in both groups.
27040350	4	37	theme	Na+	595:597	arg1	levels					610:615	Na+ and K+ ion levels	595:615	Na+ and K+ ion levels	595:615	Protein and lactose concentrations and Na+ and K+ ion levels were measured.
27040350	6	38	theme	effect	782:787	arg1	models					789:794	linear mixed effect models	769:794	linear mixed effect models	769:794	Data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models.
27040350	4	39	theme	lactose	568:574	arg1	concentrations					576:589	Protein and lactose concentrations	556:589	Protein and lactose concentrations	556:589	Protein and lactose concentrations and Na+ and K+ ion levels were measured.
27040350	13	40	theme	72 h	1511:1514	arg1	post-partum					1516:1526	72 h post-partum	1511:1526	72 h post-partum	1511:1526	This suggests that effects of pethidine-PCEA are diminished by 72 h post-partum and undetected by 165 h.
27040350	2	41	contain	had	386:388	arg2	V					401:401	V	401:401	V	401:401	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	2	41	contain	had	386:388	arg2	vaginal					392:398	vaginal	392:398	vaginal	392:398	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	2	41	contain	had	386:388	arg2	birth					417:421	a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth	390:421	birth	417:421	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	2	41	contain	had	386:388	arg1	women					376:380	women	376:380	women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP)	376:447	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	2	42	theme	biochemical	325:335	arg1	timing					337:342	biochemical timing	325:342	biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP)	325:447	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	0	43	theme	pethidine-PCEA	44:57	arg1	usage					59:63	pethidine-PCEA usage	44:63	pethidine-PCEA usage	44:63	Changes in milk composition associated with pethidine-PCEA usage after Caesarean section.
27040350	5	44	dep	periods	668:674	arg1	post-partum					706:716	>165-265 h post-partum	695:716	>165-265 h post-partum	695:716	Samples were assigned to three time periods: 0-72, >72-165 and >165-265 h post-partum for statistical analyses.
27040350	5	44	dep	periods	668:674	arg1	0-72					677:680	0-72	677:680	0-72	677:680	Samples were assigned to three time periods: 0-72, >72-165 and >165-265 h post-partum for statistical analyses.
27040350	5	44	dep	periods	668:674	arg1	>72-165					683:689	>72-165	683:689	>72-165	683:689	Samples were assigned to three time periods: 0-72, >72-165 and >165-265 h post-partum for statistical analyses.
27040350	6	45	theme	linear	769:774	arg1	models					789:794	linear mixed effect models	769:794	linear mixed effect models	769:794	Data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models.
27040350	1	46	theme	patient-controlled	117:134	arg1	PCEA					156:159	PCEA	156:159	PCEA	156:159	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	1	46	theme	patient-controlled	117:134	arg1	analgesia					145:153	patient-controlled epidural analgesia	117:153	patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA)	117:160	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	1	47	from	milk	207:210	arg1	relation					215:222	relation	215:222	relation to the timing of secretory activation	215:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	1	48	theme	epidural	136:143	arg1	PCEA					156:159	PCEA	156:159	PCEA	156:159	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	1	48	theme	epidural	136:143	arg1	analgesia					145:153	patient-controlled epidural analgesia	117:153	patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA)	117:160	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	7	49	theme	mean	832:835	arg1	difference					837:846	the mean difference	828:846	the mean difference in lactose concentration	828:871	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	7	49	theme	mean	832:835	arg1	higher					884:889	higher	884:889	higher	884:889	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	11	50	from	variations	1258:1267	arg1	components					1293:1302	measured biochemical components	1272:1302	measured biochemical components observed within group CBP	1272:1328	There were greater variations in measured biochemical components observed within group CBP initially.
27040350	1	51	from	components	186:195	arg1	milk					207:210	breast milk	200:210	breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation	200:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	4	52	theme	ion	606:608	arg1	levels					610:615	Na+ and K+ ion levels	595:615	Na+ and K+ ion levels	595:615	Protein and lactose concentrations and Na+ and K+ ion levels were measured.
27040350	3	53	dep	mothers	500:506	arg1	V					512:512	17 V	509:512	17 V	509:512	Several milk samples were collected daily from 36 mothers (17 V, 19 CBP) for the first 265 h post-partum.
27040350	3	53	dep	mothers	500:506	arg1	CBP					518:520	19 CBP	515:520	19 CBP	515:520	Several milk samples were collected daily from 36 mothers (17 V, 19 CBP) for the first 265 h post-partum.
27040350	0	54	theme	Caesarean	71:79	arg1	section					81:87	Caesarean section	71:87	Caesarean section	71:87	Changes in milk composition associated with pethidine-PCEA usage after Caesarean section.
27040350	3	55	theme	first	531:535	arg1	post-partum					543:553	the first 265 h post-partum	527:553	the first 265 h post-partum	527:553	Several milk samples were collected daily from 36 mothers (17 V, 19 CBP) for the first 265 h post-partum.
27040350	2	56	theme	activation	357:366	arg1	timing					337:342	biochemical timing	325:342	biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP)	325:447	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	1	57	from	effect	94:99	arg1	components					186:195	specific biochemical components	165:195	specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation	165:260	The effect of pethidine as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on specific biochemical components in breast milk in relation to the timing of secretory activation is not well investigated.
27040350	3	58	theme	265 h	537:541	arg1	post-partum					543:553	the first 265 h post-partum	527:553	the first 265 h post-partum	527:553	Several milk samples were collected daily from 36 mothers (17 V, 19 CBP) for the first 265 h post-partum.
27040350	7	59	theme	group	894:898	arg1	P < 0.05					903:910	P < 0.05	903:910	P < 0.05	903:910	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	7	59	theme	group	894:898	arg1	V					900:900	group V	894:900	group V (P < 0.05)	894:911	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
27040350	2	60	theme	secretory	347:355	arg1	activation					357:366	secretory activation	347:366	secretory activation	347:366	The aim of this study was to compare biochemical timing of secretory activation between women who had a vaginal (V) or Caesarean birth with pethidine-PCEA (CBP).
27040350	7	61	theme	first	804:808	arg1	post-partum					815:825	the first 72 h post-partum	800:825	the first 72 h post-partum	800:825	In the first 72 h post-partum, the mean difference in lactose concentration was 5 gL-1 higher in group V (P < 0.05).
24859415	7	0	theme	cell	1422:1425	arg1	numbers					1427:1433	NP and AF cell numbers	1412:1433	NP and AF cell numbers	1412:1433	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	9	1	theme	molecular	1852:1860	arg1	weight					1862:1867	PEG molecular weight	1848:1867	PEG molecular weight	1848:1867	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	3	2	theme	nucleus	661:667	arg1	NP					679:680	NP	679:680	NP	679:680	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	2	theme	nucleus	661:667	arg1	pulposus					669:676	nucleus pulposus	661:676	nucleus pulposus (NP)	661:681	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	3	from	effect	617:622	arg1	behaviors					648:656	behaviors	648:656	behaviors	648:656	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	3	from	effect	617:622	arg1	synthesis					634:642	matrix synthesis	627:642	matrix synthesis	627:642	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	4	theme	annulus	687:693	arg1	AF					705:706	AF	705:706	AF	705:706	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	4	theme	annulus	687:693	arg1	fibrosus					695:702	annulus fibrosus	687:702	annulus fibrosus (AF)	687:707	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	8	5	theme	composite	1689:1697	arg1	hydrogel					1699:1706	any HA-PEG composite hydrogel	1678:1706	any HA-PEG composite hydrogel	1678:1706	All cells formed more multi-cell clusters upon any HA-PEG composite hydrogel as compared to gelatin substrates.
24859415	4	6	theme	neural	795:800	arg1	network					802:808	artificial neural network	784:808	artificial neural network analysis	784:817	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	1	7	theme	-poly	182:186	arg1	hydrogels					221:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	7	8	theme	composite	1615:1623	arg1	gels					1625:1628	lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels	1589:1628	lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels	1589:1628	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	4	9	theme	formulation	879:889	arg1	parameters					891:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	2	10	theme	metabolism	500:509	arg1	"					471:471	cellular "outcomes"	453:471	cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism	453:509	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	6	11	theme	matrix	1255:1260	arg1	synthesis					1262:1270	matrix synthesis	1255:1270	matrix synthesis	1255:1270	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	5	12	theme	HA	1037:1038	arg1	preparations					1011:1022	preparations	1011:1022	preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1011:1086	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	3	13	theme	study	534:538	arg1	objective					516:524	The objective	512:524	The objective of this study	512:538	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	1	14	theme	ethylene	188:195	arg1	-poly					182:186	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly	162:186	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	1	14	theme	ethylene	188:195	arg1	glycol					197:202	ethylene glycol	188:202	ethylene glycol	188:202	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	3	15	theme	intervertebral	722:735	arg1	IVD					743:745	IVD	743:745	IVD	743:745	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	15	theme	intervertebral	722:735	arg1	disc					737:740	the intervertebral disc	718:740	the intervertebral disc (IVD)	718:746	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	0	16	theme	neural	137:142	arg1	analysis					152:159	artificial neural network analysis	126:159	artificial neural network analysis	126:159	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	3	17	theme	HA-PEG	571:576	arg1	formulations					597:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	7	18	theme	production	1568:1577	arg1	evidence					1522:1529	evidence	1522:1529	evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1522:1577	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	6	19	theme	Hydrogel	1149:1156	arg1	properties					1169:1178	Hydrogel mechanical properties	1149:1178	Hydrogel mechanical properties	1149:1178	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	7	20	theme	sulfated	1541:1548	arg1	production					1568:1577	higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1534:1577	higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1534:1577	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	4	21	theme	composite	860:868	arg1	parameters					891:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	6	22	theme	molecular	1221:1229	arg1	weight					1231:1236	HA molecular weight	1218:1236	HA molecular weight	1218:1236	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	9	23	located	observed	1869:1876	arg1	parameters					1894:1903	any measured parameters	1881:1903	any measured parameters	1881:1903	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	9	23	located	observed	1869:1876	arg2	effects					1837:1843	few effects	1833:1843	few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters	1833:1903	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	4	24	theme	cell	943:946	arg1	type					948:951	each cell type	938:951	each cell type of the IVD	938:962	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	6	25	theme	cell	1315:1318	arg1	morphology					1320:1329	cell morphology	1315:1329	cell morphology	1315:1329	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	5	26	theme	PEG-VS	1070:1075	arg1	macromers					1078:1086	PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1052:1086	PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1052:1086	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	3	27	theme	hydrogel	588:595	arg1	formulations					597:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	6	28	theme	production	1300:1309	arg1	measures					1243:1250	measures	1243:1250	measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology	1243:1329	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	5	29	theme	macromers	1078:1086	arg1	preparations					1011:1022	preparations	1011:1022	preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1011:1086	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	1	30	theme	acid	173:176	arg1	-poly					182:186	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly	162:186	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	1	30	theme	acid	173:176	arg1	glycol					197:202	ethylene glycol	188:202	ethylene glycol	188:202	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	1	30	theme	acid	173:176	arg1	PEG					206:208	PEG	206:208	PEG	206:208	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	4	31	theme	outcome	917:923	arg1	measures					925:932	biological outcome measures	906:932	biological outcome measures	906:932	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	0	32	theme	intervertebral	82:95	arg1	biosynthesis					107:118	intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	82:118	intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	82:118	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	2	33	theme	synthesis	486:494	arg1	"					471:471	cellular "outcomes"	453:471	cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism	453:509	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	2	34	theme	properties	368:377	arg1	range					335:339	A very broad range	322:339	A very broad range of physical and biological properties	322:377	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	0	35	theme	cell	102:105	arg1	biosynthesis					107:118	intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	82:118	intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	82:118	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	5	36	theme	vinylsulfone	1056:1067	arg1	macromers					1078:1086	PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1052:1086	PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1052:1086	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	9	37	theme	HA	1807:1808	arg1	weight					1820:1825	their HA molecular weight	1801:1825	their HA molecular weight	1801:1825	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	1	38	theme	cell	265:268	arg1	delivery					270:277	cell delivery	265:277	cell delivery	265:277	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	2	39	theme	survival	476:483	arg1	"					471:471	cellular "outcomes"	453:471	cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism	453:509	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	6	40	theme	hydrogel	1371:1378	arg1	parameters					1380:1389	hydrogel parameters	1371:1389	hydrogel parameters	1371:1389	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	0	41	theme	hyaluronic	13:22	arg1	acid-poly					24:32	hyaluronic acid-poly	13:32	hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels	13:69	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	0	41	theme	hyaluronic	13:22	arg1	glycol					43:48	ethylene glycol	34:48	ethylene glycol	34:48	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	4	42	theme	IVD	960:962	arg1	type					948:951	each cell type	938:951	each cell type of the IVD	938:962	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	3	43	theme	matrix	627:632	arg1	synthesis					634:642	matrix synthesis	627:642	matrix synthesis	627:642	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	4	44	theme	secondary	751:759	arg1	objective					761:769	A secondary objective	749:769	A secondary objective	749:769	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	9	45	theme	molecular	1810:1818	arg1	weight					1820:1825	their HA molecular weight	1801:1825	their HA molecular weight	1801:1825	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	0	46	theme	composite	51:59	arg1	hydrogels					61:69	hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels	13:69	hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels	13:69	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	1	47	theme	soft	283:286	arg1	applications					308:319	soft tissue regeneration applications	283:319	soft tissue regeneration applications	283:319	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	1	48	theme	regeneration	295:306	arg1	applications					308:319	soft tissue regeneration applications	283:319	soft tissue regeneration applications	283:319	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	7	49	theme	AF	1419:1420	arg1	numbers					1427:1433	NP and AF cell numbers	1412:1433	NP and AF cell numbers	1412:1433	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	9	50	theme	PEG	1848:1850	arg1	weight					1862:1867	PEG molecular weight	1848:1867	PEG molecular weight	1848:1867	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	6	51	theme	HA	1218:1219	arg1	weight					1231:1236	HA molecular weight	1218:1236	HA molecular weight	1218:1236	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	2	52	theme	broad	329:333	arg1	range					335:339	A very broad range	322:339	A very broad range of physical and biological properties	322:377	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	5	53	theme	cell	1126:1129	arg1	culture					1131:1137	AF cell culture	1123:1137	AF cell culture	1123:1137	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	7	54	theme	NP	1412:1413	arg1	numbers					1427:1433	NP and AF cell numbers	1412:1433	NP and AF cell numbers	1412:1433	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	4	55	theme	network	802:808	arg1	analysis					810:817	artificial neural network analysis	784:817	artificial neural network analysis	784:817	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	9	56	theme	weight	1862:1867	arg1	effects					1837:1843	few effects	1833:1843	few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters	1833:1903	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	3	57	theme	pulposus	669:676	arg1	cells					709:713	nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells	661:713	nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD)	661:746	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	8	58	theme	multi-cell	1653:1662	arg1	clusters					1664:1671	more multi-cell clusters	1648:1671	more multi-cell clusters	1648:1671	All cells formed more multi-cell clusters upon any HA-PEG composite hydrogel as compared to gelatin substrates.
24859415	6	59	dep	489kPa	1198:1203	arg1	to					1195:1196	to	1195:1196	to	1195:1196	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	3	60	theme	fibrosus	695:702	arg1	cells					709:713	nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells	661:713	nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD)	661:746	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	9	61	theme	measured	1885:1892	arg1	parameters					1894:1903	any measured parameters	1881:1903	any measured parameters	1881:1903	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	8	62	theme	HA-PEG	1682:1687	arg1	hydrogel					1699:1706	any HA-PEG composite hydrogel	1678:1706	any HA-PEG composite hydrogel	1678:1706	All cells formed more multi-cell clusters upon any HA-PEG composite hydrogel as compared to gelatin substrates.
24859415	7	63	theme	lower-HA-molecular-weight	1589:1613	arg1	gels					1625:1628	lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels	1589:1628	lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels	1589:1628	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	4	64	theme	artificial	784:793	arg1	network					802:808	artificial neural network	784:808	artificial neural network analysis	784:817	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	3	65	theme	cells	709:713	arg1	behaviors					648:656	behaviors	648:656	behaviors	648:656	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	3	65	theme	cells	709:713	arg1	synthesis					634:642	matrix synthesis	627:642	matrix synthesis	627:642	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	6	66	theme	synthesis	1262:1270	arg1	measures					1243:1250	measures	1243:1250	measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology	1243:1329	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	4	67	theme	hydrogel	870:877	arg1	parameters					891:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	0	68	theme	network	144:150	arg1	analysis					152:159	artificial neural network analysis	126:159	artificial neural network analysis	126:159	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	3	69	theme	multiple	562:569	arg1	formulations					597:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	7	70	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1550:1566	arg1	production					1568:1577	higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1534:1577	higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1534:1577	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	6	71	theme	mechanical	1158:1167	arg1	properties					1169:1178	Hydrogel mechanical properties	1149:1178	Hydrogel mechanical properties	1149:1178	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	3	72	theme	disc	737:740	arg1	cells					709:713	nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells	661:713	nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD)	661:746	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	8	73	theme	gelatin	1723:1729	arg1	substrates					1731:1740	gelatin substrates	1723:1740	gelatin substrates	1723:1740	All cells formed more multi-cell clusters upon any HA-PEG composite hydrogel as compared to gelatin substrates.
24859415	7	74	theme	higher	1534:1539	arg1	production					1568:1577	higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1534:1577	higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1534:1577	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	0	75	theme	artificial	126:135	arg1	analysis					152:159	artificial neural network analysis	126:159	artificial neural network analysis	126:159	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	7	76	with	HA	1513:1514	arg1	evidence					1522:1529	evidence	1522:1529	evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1522:1577	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	4	77	theme	HA-PEG	853:858	arg1	parameters					891:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters	853:900	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	0	78	theme	hydrogels	61:69	arg1	Screening					0:8	Screening	0:8	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	0:118	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	5	79	theme	thiolated	1027:1035	arg1	HA-SH					1041:1045	HA-SH	1041:1045	HA-SH	1041:1045	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	5	79	theme	thiolated	1027:1035	arg1	HA					1037:1038	thiolated HA	1027:1038	thiolated HA (HA-SH)	1027:1046	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	3	80	theme	composite	578:586	arg1	formulations					597:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations	562:608	The objective of this study was to rapidly screen multiple HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulations for an effect on matrix synthesis and behaviors of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of the intervertebral disc (IVD).
24859415	6	81	theme	consumption	1284:1294	arg1	measures					1243:1250	measures	1243:1250	measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology	1243:1329	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	1	82	theme	Hyaluronic	162:171	arg1	HA					179:180	HA	179:180	HA	179:180	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	1	82	theme	Hyaluronic	162:171	arg1	acid					173:176	Hyaluronic acid	162:176	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	7	83	theme	lower-molecular-weight	1490:1511	arg1	HA					1513:1514	the lower-molecular-weight HA	1486:1514	the lower-molecular-weight HA	1486:1514	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	2	84	theme	outcomes	463:470	arg1	"					471:471	cellular "outcomes"	453:471	cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism	453:509	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	0	85	theme	disc	97:100	arg1	biosynthesis					107:118	intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	82:118	intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis	82:118	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	4	86	theme	biological	906:915	arg1	measures					925:932	biological outcome measures	906:932	biological outcome measures	906:932	A secondary objective was to apply artificial neural network analysis to identify relationships between HA-PEG composite hydrogel formulation parameters and biological outcome measures for each cell type of the IVD.
24859415	6	87	theme	metabolite	1273:1282	arg1	consumption					1284:1294	metabolite consumption	1273:1294	metabolite consumption	1273:1294	Hydrogel mechanical properties ranged from 70 to 489kPa depending on HA molecular weight, and measures of matrix synthesis, metabolite consumption and production and cell morphology were obtained to study relationships to hydrogel parameters.
24859415	5	88	theme	PEG	1052:1054	arg1	macromers					1078:1086	PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1052:1086	PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers	1052:1086	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	2	89	theme	biological	357:366	arg1	properties					368:377	physical and biological properties	344:377	physical and biological properties	344:377	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	2	90	theme	physical	344:351	arg1	properties					368:377	physical and biological properties	344:377	physical and biological properties	344:377	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	0	91	theme	acid-poly	24:32	arg1	hydrogels					61:69	hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels	13:69	hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels	13:69	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	2	92	theme	HA-PEG	405:410	arg1	hydrogels					412:420	HA-PEG hydrogels	405:420	HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism	405:509	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	0	93	theme	ethylene	34:41	arg1	acid-poly					24:32	hyaluronic acid-poly	13:32	hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels	13:69	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	0	93	theme	ethylene	34:41	arg1	glycol					43:48	ethylene glycol	34:48	ethylene glycol	34:48	Screening of hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylene glycol) composite hydrogels to support intervertebral disc cell biosynthesis using artificial neural network analysis.
24859415	5	94	theme	AF	1123:1124	arg1	culture					1131:1137	AF cell culture	1123:1137	AF cell culture	1123:1137	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	5	95	theme	different	971:979	arg1	hydrogels					981:989	Eight different hydrogels	965:989	Eight different hydrogels	965:989	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	5	95	theme	different	971:979	arg1	substrates					1101:1110	substrates	1101:1110	substrates for NP and AF cell culture	1101:1137	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	2	96	theme	cellular	453:460	arg1	"					471:471	cellular "outcomes"	453:471	cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism	453:509	A very broad range of physical and biological properties have been engineered into HA-PEG hydrogels that may differentially affect cellular "outcomes" of survival, synthesis and metabolism.
24859415	5	97	used	used	1093:1096	arg2	hydrogels					981:989	Eight different hydrogels	965:989	Eight different hydrogels	965:989	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	5	97	used	used	1093:1096	arg2	substrates					1101:1110	substrates	1101:1110	substrates for NP and AF cell culture	1101:1137	Eight different hydrogels were developed from preparations of thiolated HA (HA-SH) and PEG vinylsulfone (PEG-VS) macromers, and used as substrates for NP and AF cell culture in vitro.
24859415	7	98	theme	HA-PEG	1457:1462	arg1	hydrogels					1464:1472	the HA-PEG hydrogels	1453:1472	the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production	1453:1577	Results showed that NP and AF cell numbers were highest upon the HA-PEG hydrogels formed from the lower-molecular-weight HA, with evidence of higher sulfated glycosaminoglycan production also upon lower-HA-molecular-weight composite gels.
24859415	1	99	theme	tissue	288:293	arg1	applications					308:319	soft tissue regeneration applications	283:319	soft tissue regeneration applications	283:319	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
24859415	9	100	theme	few	1833:1835	arg1	effects					1837:1843	few effects	1833:1843	few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters	1833:1903	Formulations were clustered into neurons based largely on their HA molecular weight, with few effects of PEG molecular weight observed on any measured parameters.
24859415	1	101	theme	composite	211:219	arg1	hydrogels					221:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels	162:229	Hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) composite hydrogels have been widely studied for both cell delivery and soft tissue regeneration applications.
28257099	1	0	theme	signal-enhanced	166:180	arg1	immunosensor					198:209	a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor	164:209	a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label	164:223	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	1	1	theme	electrochemical	182:196	arg1	immunosensor					198:209	a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor	164:209	a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label	164:223	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	3	2	theme	numerous	550:557	arg1	sites					566:570	the numerous active sites	546:570	the numerous active sites	546:570	We showed that the sensitivity of the immunosensor designed in this report was remarkably enhanced because of the numerous active sites in the sensor provided by the AuNP-RGO nanostructure.
28257099	4	3	theme	linear	695:700	arg1	relationship					702:713	a positive linear relationship	684:713	a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL	684:819	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	2	4	theme	stabilizing	417:427	arg1	agent					429:433	reducing and stabilizing agent	404:433	agent	429:433	Furthermore, an environmentally-friendly method was developed to prepare AuNP-RGO by employing chitosan (CS), which served as reducing and stabilizing agent.
28257099	2	5	theme	environmentally-friendly	294:317	arg1	method					319:324	an environmentally-friendly method	291:324	an environmentally-friendly method	291:324	Furthermore, an environmentally-friendly method was developed to prepare AuNP-RGO by employing chitosan (CS), which served as reducing and stabilizing agent.
28257099	0	6	theme	Detecting	16:24	arg1	Antigen					49:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen Based on Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite.
28257099	4	7	with	relationship	702:713	arg1	concentration					724:736	the concentration	720:736	the concentration	720:736	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	1	8	theme	Au	103:104	arg1	AuNP-RGO					153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	1	8	theme	Au	103:104	arg1	composite					142:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite	101:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO)	101:161	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	2	9	theme	reducing	404:411	arg1	agent					429:433	reducing and stabilizing agent	404:433	agent	429:433	Furthermore, an environmentally-friendly method was developed to prepare AuNP-RGO by employing chitosan (CS), which served as reducing and stabilizing agent.
28257099	0	10	theme	Electrochemical	0:14	arg1	Antigen					49:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen Based on Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite.
28257099	1	11	theme	nanoparticle/reduced	106:125	arg1	AuNP-RGO					153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	1	11	theme	nanoparticle/reduced	106:125	arg1	composite					142:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite	101:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO)	101:161	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	4	12	theme	positive	686:693	arg1	relationship					702:713	a positive linear relationship	684:713	a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL	684:819	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	0	13	theme	Cancer-Associated	31:47	arg1	Antigen					49:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen Based on Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite.
28257099	4	14	theme	ng/mL	766:770	arg1	range					745:749	the range	741:749	the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL	741:770	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	0	15	theme	Lung	26:29	arg1	Antigen					49:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen	0:55	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen Based on Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite.
28257099	1	16	theme	oxide	136:140	arg1	AuNP-RGO					153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	1	16	theme	oxide	136:140	arg1	composite					142:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite	101:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO)	101:161	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	4	17	theme	NSE	652:654	arg1	quantification					634:647	the quantification	630:647	the quantification of NSE	630:654	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	4	18	theme	0.05	810:813	arg1	ng/mL					815:819	ng/mL	815:819	ng/mL	815:819	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	4	18	theme	0.05	810:813	arg1	limit					783:787	the limit	779:787	the limit of the detection	779:804	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	1	19	theme	neuron-specific	247:261	arg1	NSE					272:274	NSE	272:274	NSE	272:274	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	1	19	theme	neuron-specific	247:261	arg1	enolase					263:269	neuron-specific enolase	247:269	neuron-specific enolase (NSE)	247:275	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	0	20	theme	Graphene-Gold	66:78	arg1	Nanocomposite					80:92	Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite	66:92	Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite	66:92	Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen Based on Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite.
28257099	3	21	theme	AuNP-RGO	602:609	arg1	nanostructure					611:623	the AuNP-RGO nanostructure	598:623	the AuNP-RGO nanostructure	598:623	We showed that the sensitivity of the immunosensor designed in this report was remarkably enhanced because of the numerous active sites in the sensor provided by the AuNP-RGO nanostructure.
28257099	4	22	dep	2000	761:764	arg1	to					758:759	to	758:759	to	758:759	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	1	23	theme	graphene	127:134	arg1	AuNP-RGO					153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	AuNP-RGO	153:160	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	1	23	theme	graphene	127:134	arg1	composite					142:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite	101:150	a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO)	101:161	Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE).
28257099	3	24	theme	active	559:564	arg1	sites					566:570	the numerous active sites	546:570	the numerous active sites	546:570	We showed that the sensitivity of the immunosensor designed in this report was remarkably enhanced because of the numerous active sites in the sensor provided by the AuNP-RGO nanostructure.
28257099	3	25	theme	immunosensor	474:485	arg1	sensitivity					455:465	the sensitivity	451:465	the sensitivity of the immunosensor designed in this report	451:509	We showed that the sensitivity of the immunosensor designed in this report was remarkably enhanced because of the numerous active sites in the sensor provided by the AuNP-RGO nanostructure.
28257099	4	26	theme	detection	796:804	arg1	ng/mL					815:819	ng/mL	815:819	ng/mL	815:819	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	4	26	theme	detection	796:804	arg1	limit					783:787	the limit	779:787	the limit of the detection	779:804	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
28257099	4	27	from	concentration	724:736	arg1	range					745:749	the range	741:749	the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL	741:770	For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
27188244	15	0	theme	significant	3163:3173	arg1	remodeling					3175:3184	significant remodeling	3163:3184	significant remodeling of terminal layers	3163:3203	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	3	1	theme	Significant	630:640	arg1	fibrils					659:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	1	theme	Significant	630:640	arg1	amounts					642:648	Significant amounts	630:648	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils	630:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	14	2	theme	multilayers	3011:3021	arg1	properties					2997:3006	properties	2997:3006	properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs	2997:3062	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	15	3	theme	ECM-like	3262:3269	arg1	environment					3271:3281	an ECM-like environment	3259:3281	an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage	3259:3332	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	13	4	link	derived	2781:2787	arg1	polyelectrolytes					2789:2804	ECM derived polyelectrolytes	2777:2804	ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs	2777:2839	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	1	5	theme	hyaluronic	262:271	arg1	HA					279:280	HA	279:280	HA	279:280	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	5	theme	hyaluronic	262:271	arg1	acid					273:276	hyaluronic acid	262:276	hyaluronic acid (HA)	262:281	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	16	6	theme	layer	3428:3432	arg1	technique					3440:3448	layer (LbL) technique	3428:3448	layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	3428:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	10	7	theme	human	2249:2253	arg1	cells					2276:2280	human adipose derived stem cells	2249:2280	human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2249:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	7	theme	human	2249:2253	arg1	hADSCs					2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	8	8	theme	biogenic	1772:1779	arg1	polyelectrolytes					1781:1796	biogenic polyelectrolytes	1772:1796	biogenic polyelectrolytes	1772:1796	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	8	9	theme	extracellular	1909:1921	arg1	environment					1935:1945	a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1893:1945	a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1893:1945	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	13	10	theme	polyelectrolytes	2789:2804	arg1	cross-linking					2760:2772	intrinsic cross-linking	2750:2772	intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs	2750:2839	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	2	11	theme	oxidized	599:606	arg1	oHA					612:614	oHA	612:614	oHA	612:614	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	2	11	theme	oxidized	599:606	arg1	HA					608:609	oxidized HA	599:609	oxidized HA (oHA)	599:615	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	5	12	from	system	1215:1220	arg1	quantity					1178:1185	the higher quantity	1167:1185	the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system	1167:1220	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	4	13	theme	proteolytic	1074:1084	arg1	degradation					1086:1096	pericellular proteolytic degradation	1061:1096	pericellular proteolytic degradation	1061:1096	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	16	14	theme	LbL	3435:3437	arg1	technique					3440:3448	layer (LbL) technique	3428:3448	layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	3428:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	15	15	theme	biogenic	3129:3136	arg1	polyelectrolytes					3138:3153	biogenic polyelectrolytes	3129:3153	biogenic polyelectrolytes	3129:3153	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	3	16	theme	native	686:691	arg1	PEMs					715:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	6	17	theme	cell	1434:1437	arg1	growth					1439:1444	cell growth	1434:1444	cell growth	1434:1444	Both CS-based PEMs caused also an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion and cell growth.
27188244	12	18	theme	added	2652:2656	arg1	value					2658:2662	an added value	2649:2662	an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation	2649:2704	Furthermore, there is no knowledge whether the ability of cells to remodel PEM components may provide an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation.
27188244	10	19	theme	derived	2263:2269	arg1	cells					2276:2280	human adipose derived stem cells	2249:2280	human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2249:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	19	theme	derived	2263:2269	arg1	hADSCs					2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	4	20	theme	PEMs	1023:1026	arg1	layers					1013:1018	the terminal layers	1000:1018	the terminal layers of PEMs	1000:1026	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	0	21	theme	stem	140:143	arg1	cells					145:149	adipose-derived stem cells	124:149	adipose-derived stem cells	124:149	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	2	22	theme	intrinsic	515:523	arg1	cross-linking					525:537	additional intrinsic cross-linking	504:537	additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I	504:577	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	5	23	dep	quantity	1178:1185	arg1	accompanied					1223:1233	accompanied	1223:1233	accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs	1223:1356	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	7	24	from	hADSCs	1560:1565	arg1	PEMs					1579:1582	CS-based PEMs	1570:1582	CS-based PEMs	1570:1582	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	4	25	theme	mechanical	1031:1040	arg1	reorganization					1042:1055	mechanical reorganization	1031:1055	mechanical reorganization	1031:1055	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	16	26	theme	tissue	3453:3458	arg1	engineering					3460:3470	tissue engineering	3453:3470	tissue engineering	3453:3470	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	13	27	dep	derived	2781:2787	arg1	ECM					2777:2779	ECM	2777:2779	ECM	2777:2779	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	8	28	theme	terminal	1832:1839	arg1	layers					1849:1854	terminal protein layers	1832:1854	terminal protein layers	1832:1854	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	1	29	theme	human	376:380	arg1	cells					403:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells	367:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	367:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	29	theme	human	376:380	arg1	hADSCs					410:415	hADSCs	410:415	hADSCs	410:415	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	30	theme	I	231:231	arg1	Col					243:245	Col I	243:247	Col I	243:247	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	30	theme	I	231:231	arg1	collagen					233:240	type I collagen	226:240	type I collagen (Col I)	226:248	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	7	31	theme	Runx2	1526:1530	arg1	expression					1532:1541	Runx2 expression	1526:1541	Runx2 expression	1526:1541	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	11	32	theme	PEMs	2450:2453	arg1	remodeling					2436:2445	a potential cell-dependent remodeling	2409:2445	a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	2409:2544	In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
27188244	14	33	theme	current	2898:2904	arg1	work					2906:2909	The current work	2894:2909	The current work	2894:2909	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	10	34	theme	cells	2276:2280	arg1	multilayers					2164:2174	multilayers	2164:2174	multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response	2164:2223	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	34	theme	cells	2276:2280	arg1	fate					2241:2244	the fate	2237:2244	the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2237:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	16	35	theme	application	3384:3394	arg1	avenues					3373:3379	new avenues	3369:3379	new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	3369:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	3	36	theme	oxidized	697:704	arg1	PEMs					715:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	5	37	from	quantity	1178:1185	arg1	system					1215:1220	this system	1210:1220	this system	1210:1220	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	1	38	theme	stem	398:401	arg1	cells					403:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells	367:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	367:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	38	theme	stem	398:401	arg1	hADSCs					410:415	hADSCs	410:415	hADSCs	410:415	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	8	39	theme	cell-matrix	1675:1685	arg1	interactions					1687:1698	cell-matrix interactions	1675:1698	cell-matrix interactions	1675:1698	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	4	40	from	layers	1013:1018	arg1	Col					991:993	Col I	991:995	Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs	991:1026	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	3	41	theme	physiological	790:802	arg1	condition					804:812	physiological condition	790:812	physiological condition	790:812	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	10	42	theme	multilayers	2164:2174	arg1	composition					2149:2159	molecular composition	2139:2159	molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2139:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	2	43	theme	bond	553:556	arg1	formation					558:566	imine bond formation	547:566	imine bond formation	547:566	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	11	44	theme	ECM	2485:2487	arg1	components					2490:2499	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	2463:2499	extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	2463:2544	In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
27188244	16	45	theme	PEM	3399:3401	arg1	systems					3403:3409	PEM systems	3399:3409	PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	3399:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	3	46	theme	higher	734:739	arg1	angles					755:760	higher water contact angles	734:760	higher water contact angles	734:760	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	1	47	theme	UNLABELLED	152:161	arg1	effect					167:172	UNLABELLED The effect	152:172	UNLABELLED The effect	152:172	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	15	48	theme	osteogenic	3315:3324	arg1	lineage					3326:3332	osteogenic lineage	3315:3332	osteogenic lineage	3315:3332	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	11	49	theme	matrix	2477:2482	arg1	components					2490:2499	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	2463:2499	extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	2463:2544	In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
27188244	7	50	theme	enhanced	1502:1509	arg1	ALP					1511:1513	enhanced ALP	1502:1513	enhanced ALP	1502:1513	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	16	51	theme	work	3355:3358	arg1	finding					3339:3345	The finding	3335:3345	The finding of this work	3335:3358	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	10	52	theme	stem	2271:2274	arg1	cells					2276:2280	human adipose derived stem cells	2249:2280	human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2249:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	52	theme	stem	2271:2274	arg1	hADSCs					2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	1	53	link	adipose-derived	382:396	arg1	cells					403:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells	367:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	367:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	53	link	adipose-derived	382:396	arg1	hADSCs					410:415	hADSCs	410:415	hADSCs	410:415	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	0	54	theme	layers	83:88	arg1	differentiation					105:119	osteogenic differentiation	94:119	osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells	94:149	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	0	54	theme	layers	83:88	arg1	remodeling					60:69	remodeling	60:69	remodeling of terminal layers	60:88	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	8	55	theme	cell	1716:1719	arg1	fates					1721:1725	stem cell fates	1711:1725	stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1711:1945	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	1	56	theme	molecular	177:185	arg1	composition					187:197	molecular composition	177:197	molecular composition of multilayers	177:212	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	10	57	theme	composition	2149:2159	arg1	effect					2129:2134	the effect	2125:2134	the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation	2125:2321	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	5	58	theme	deposition	1196:1205	arg1	quantity					1178:1185	the higher quantity	1167:1185	the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system	1167:1220	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	3	59	theme	contact	747:753	arg1	angles					755:760	higher water contact angles	734:760	higher water contact angles	734:760	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	0	60	theme	osteogenic	94:103	arg1	differentiation					105:119	osteogenic differentiation	94:119	osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells	94:149	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	7	61	theme	calcium	1472:1478	arg1	deposition					1490:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	1	62	theme	osteogenic	337:346	arg1	differentiation					348:362	the osteogenic differentiation	333:362	the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	333:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	12	63	dep	cell	2674:2677	arg1	differentiation					2690:2704	differentiation	2690:2704	differentiation	2690:2704	Furthermore, there is no knowledge whether the ability of cells to remodel PEM components may provide an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation.
27188244	12	63	dep	cell	2674:2677	arg1	growth					2679:2684	growth	2679:2684	growth	2679:2684	Furthermore, there is no knowledge whether the ability of cells to remodel PEM components may provide an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation.
27188244	3	64	located	detected	851:858	arg1	multilayers					879:889	either HA-based multilayers	863:889	either HA-based multilayers	863:889	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	64	located	detected	851:858	arg2	I					845:845	much less organized Col I	821:845	much less organized Col I	821:845	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	65	theme	organized	831:839	arg1	I					845:845	much less organized Col I	821:845	much less organized Col I	821:845	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	2	66	theme	multilayer	435:444	arg1	formation					452:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation	419:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation	419:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	11	67	theme	potential	2411:2419	arg1	remodeling					2436:2445	a potential cell-dependent remodeling	2409:2445	a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	2409:2544	In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
27188244	0	68	theme	terminal	74:81	arg1	layers					83:88	terminal layers	74:88	terminal layers	74:88	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	5	69	theme	adhesions	1265:1273	arg1	formation					1280:1288	focal adhesions (FA) formation	1259:1288	focal adhesions (FA) formation	1259:1288	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	0	70	theme	Molecular	0:8	arg1	composition					10:20	Molecular composition	0:20	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers	0:50	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	7	71	located	observed	1548:1555	arg2	Col					1516:1518	Col	1516:1518	Col	1516:1518	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	7	71	located	observed	1548:1555	arg1	hADSCs					1560:1565	hADSCs	1560:1565	hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one	1560:1618	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	7	71	located	observed	1548:1555	arg2	ALP					1511:1513	enhanced ALP	1502:1513	enhanced ALP	1502:1513	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	7	71	located	observed	1548:1555	arg2	deposition					1490:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	7	71	located	observed	1548:1555	arg2	expression					1532:1541	Runx2 expression	1526:1541	Runx2 expression	1526:1541	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	7	72	theme	CS-based	1570:1577	arg1	PEMs					1579:1582	CS-based PEMs	1570:1582	CS-based PEMs	1570:1582	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	10	73	from	properties	2192:2201	arg1	composition					2149:2159	molecular composition	2139:2159	molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2139:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	9	74	theme	Natural	1974:1980	arg1	polymer					1982:1988	SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer	1961:1988	SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer	1961:1988	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	15	75	theme	first	3100:3104	arg1	time					3106:3109	the first time	3096:3109	the first time	3096:3109	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	9	76	theme	derived	1990:1996	arg1	PEMs					2027:2030	PEMs	2027:2030	PEMs	2027:2030	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	9	76	theme	derived	1990:1996	arg1	multilayers					2014:2024	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers	1948:2024	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs)	1948:2031	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	5	77	theme	cell	1243:1246	arg1	spreading					1248:1256	more cell spreading	1238:1256	more cell spreading	1238:1256	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	0	78	theme	I	38:38	arg1	multilayers					40:50	GAG-collagen I multilayers	25:50	GAG-collagen I multilayers	25:50	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	8	79	theme	layers	1849:1854	arg1	remodeling					1818:1827	significant remodeling	1806:1827	significant remodeling	1806:1827	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	15	80	theme	new	3219:3221	arg1	finding					3223:3229	completely new finding	3208:3229	completely new finding	3208:3229	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	2	81	theme	PEM	447:449	arg1	formation					452:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation	419:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation	419:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	13	82	theme	intrinsic	2750:2758	arg1	cross-linking					2760:2772	intrinsic cross-linking	2750:2772	intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs	2750:2839	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	5	83	theme	significant	1294:1304	arg1	recruitment					1320:1330	significant α2β1 integrin recruitment	1294:1330	significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs	1294:1356	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	4	84	theme	terminal	1004:1011	arg1	layers					1013:1018	the terminal layers	1000:1018	the terminal layers of PEMs	1000:1026	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	16	85	theme	new	3369:3371	arg1	avenues					3373:3379	new avenues	3369:3379	new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	3369:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	5	86	theme	integrin	1311:1318	arg1	recruitment					1320:1330	significant α2β1 integrin recruitment	1294:1330	significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs	1294:1356	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	0	87	link	adipose-derived	124:138	arg1	cells					145:149	adipose-derived stem cells	124:149	adipose-derived stem cells	124:149	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	16	88	theme	systems	3403:3409	arg1	application					3384:3394	application	3384:3394	application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	3384:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	6	89	theme	increased	1393:1401	arg1	secretion					1420:1428	an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion	1390:1428	an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion	1390:1428	Both CS-based PEMs caused also an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion and cell growth.
27188244	5	90	theme	higher	1171:1176	arg1	quantity					1178:1185	the higher quantity	1167:1185	the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system	1167:1220	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	4	91	theme	important	947:955	arg1	finding					957:963	An important finding	944:963	An important finding	944:963	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	16	92	from	technique	3440:3448	arg1	engineering					3460:3470	tissue engineering	3453:3470	tissue engineering	3453:3470	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	16	92	from	technique	3440:3448	arg1	medicine					3489:3496	regenerative medicine	3476:3496	regenerative medicine	3476:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	3	93	theme	Col	653:655	arg1	fibrils					659:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	14	94	theme	osteogenic	3027:3036	arg1	differentiation					3038:3052	osteogenic differentiation	3027:3052	osteogenic differentiation	3027:3052	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	12	95	theme	PEM	2622:2624	arg1	components					2626:2635	PEM components	2622:2635	PEM components	2622:2635	Furthermore, there is no knowledge whether the ability of cells to remodel PEM components may provide an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation.
27188244	10	96	theme	cellular	2207:2214	arg1	response					2216:2223	cellular response	2207:2223	cellular response	2207:2223	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	9	97	link	derived	1990:1996	arg1	PEMs					2027:2030	PEMs	2027:2030	PEMs	2027:2030	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	9	97	link	derived	1990:1996	arg1	multilayers					2014:2024	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers	1948:2024	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs)	1948:2031	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	14	98	contain	has	2974:2976	arg1	type					2962:2965	the type	2958:2965	the type of GAG	2958:2972	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	14	98	contain	has	2974:2976	arg2	effect					2987:2992	a strong effect	2978:2992	a strong effect	2978:2992	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	5	99	from	deposition	1196:1205	arg1	system					1215:1220	this system	1210:1220	this system	1210:1220	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	4	100	theme	pericellular	1061:1072	arg1	degradation					1086:1096	pericellular proteolytic degradation	1061:1096	pericellular proteolytic degradation	1061:1096	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	5	101	theme	Col	1190:1192	arg1	deposition					1196:1205	Col I deposition	1190:1205	Col I deposition in this system	1190:1220	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	1	102	theme	composition	187:197	arg1	effect					167:172	UNLABELLED The effect	152:172	UNLABELLED The effect	152:172	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	13	103	theme	derived	2781:2787	arg1	polyelectrolytes					2789:2804	ECM derived polyelectrolytes	2777:2804	ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs	2777:2839	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	13	104	theme	hADSCs	2886:2891	arg1	potential					2873:2881	the differentiation potential	2853:2881	the differentiation potential of hADSCs	2853:2891	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	10	105	link	derived	2263:2269	arg1	cells					2276:2280	human adipose derived stem cells	2249:2280	human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2249:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	105	link	derived	2263:2269	arg1	hADSCs					2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	3	106	theme	fibrils	659:665	arg1	fibrils					659:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	106	theme	fibrils	659:665	arg1	amounts					642:648	Significant amounts	630:648	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils	630:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	8	107	theme	significant	1806:1816	arg1	remodeling					1818:1827	significant remodeling	1806:1827	significant remodeling	1806:1827	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	9	108	theme	specific	2091:2098	arg1	demands					2107:2113	specific tissue demands	2091:2113	specific tissue demands	2091:2113	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	1	109	theme	multilayers	202:212	arg1	composition					187:197	molecular composition	177:197	molecular composition of multilayers	177:212	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	9	110	theme	tissue	2100:2105	arg1	demands					2107:2113	specific tissue demands	2091:2113	specific tissue demands	2091:2113	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	0	111	theme	cells	145:149	arg1	differentiation					105:119	osteogenic differentiation	94:119	osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells	94:149	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	0	111	theme	cells	145:149	arg1	remodeling					60:69	remodeling	60:69	remodeling of terminal layers	60:88	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	5	112	theme	HA-based	1344:1351	arg1	PEMs					1353:1356	HA-based PEMs	1344:1356	HA-based PEMs	1344:1356	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	8	113	theme	multilayer	1630:1639	arg1	composition					1641:1651	multilayer composition	1630:1651	multilayer composition	1630:1651	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	10	114	theme	adipose	2255:2261	arg1	cells					2276:2280	human adipose derived stem cells	2249:2280	human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2249:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	114	theme	adipose	2255:2261	arg1	hADSCs					2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	hADSCs	2283:2288	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	14	115	theme	strong	2980:2985	arg1	effect					2987:2992	a strong effect	2978:2992	a strong effect	2978:2992	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	8	116	theme	protein	1841:1847	arg1	layers					1849:1854	terminal protein layers	1832:1854	terminal protein layers	1832:1854	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	1	117	theme	adhering	367:374	arg1	cells					403:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells	367:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	367:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	117	theme	adhering	367:374	arg1	hADSCs					410:415	hADSCs	410:415	hADSCs	410:415	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	14	118	theme	GAG	2970:2972	arg1	type					2962:2965	the type	2958:2965	the type of GAG	2958:2972	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	1	119	theme	type	226:229	arg1	Col					243:245	Col I	243:247	Col I	243:247	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	119	theme	type	226:229	arg1	collagen					233:240	type I collagen	226:240	type I collagen (Col I)	226:248	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	2	120	theme	additional	504:513	arg1	cross-linking					525:537	additional intrinsic cross-linking	504:537	additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I	504:577	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	4	121	theme	CS-based	1124:1131	arg1	PEMs					1133:1136	CS-based PEMs	1124:1136	CS-based PEMs	1124:1136	An important finding was that hADSCs remodeled Col I at the terminal layers of PEMs by mechanical reorganization and pericellular proteolytic degradation, being more pronounced on CS-based PEMs.
27188244	1	122	theme	adipose-derived	382:396	arg1	cells					403:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells	367:407	adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	367:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	122	theme	adipose-derived	382:396	arg1	hADSCs					410:415	hADSCs	410:415	hADSCs	410:415	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	7	123	from	PEMs	1579:1582	arg1	oCS-containing					1601:1614	oCS-containing one	1601:1618	oCS-containing one	1601:1618	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	3	124	theme	CS-based	706:713	arg1	PEMs					715:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	1	125	theme	cells	403:407	arg1	differentiation					348:362	the osteogenic differentiation	333:362	the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs)	333:416	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	2	126	theme	imine	547:551	arg1	formation					558:566	imine bond formation	547:566	imine bond formation	547:566	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	11	127	theme	extracellular	2463:2475	arg1	components					2490:2499	extracellular matrix (ECM) components	2463:2499	extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	2463:2544	In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
27188244	10	128	from	composition	2149:2159	arg1	properties					2192:2201	surface properties	2184:2201	surface properties	2184:2201	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	128	from	composition	2149:2159	arg1	response					2216:2223	cellular response	2207:2223	cellular response	2207:2223	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	8	129	used	used	1660:1663	arg2	composition					1641:1651	multilayer composition	1630:1651	multilayer composition	1630:1651	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	3	130	theme	water	741:745	arg1	angles					755:760	higher water contact angles	734:760	higher water contact angles	734:760	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	131	located	found	672:676	arg2	fibrils					659:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Col I fibrils	653:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	131	located	found	672:676	arg1	PEMs					715:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs	681:718	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	3	131	located	found	672:676	arg2	amounts					642:648	Significant amounts	630:648	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils	630:665	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	10	132	theme	osteogenic	2296:2305	arg1	differentiation					2307:2321	osteogenic differentiation	2296:2321	osteogenic differentiation	2296:2321	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	133	from	multilayers	2164:2174	arg1	properties					2192:2201	surface properties	2184:2201	surface properties	2184:2201	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	10	133	from	multilayers	2164:2174	arg1	response					2216:2223	cellular response	2207:2223	cellular response	2207:2223	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	7	134	theme	phosphate	1480:1488	arg1	deposition					1490:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	12	135	theme	cells	2605:2609	arg1	ability					2594:2600	the ability	2590:2600	the ability of cells to remodel PEM components	2590:2635	Furthermore, there is no knowledge whether the ability of cells to remodel PEM components may provide an added value regarding cell growth and differentiation.
27188244	3	136	theme	surface	766:772	arg1	potential					774:782	surface potential	766:782	surface potential	766:782	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	8	137	theme	stem	1711:1714	arg1	fates					1721:1725	stem cell fates	1711:1725	stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1711:1945	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	7	138	theme	significant	1460:1470	arg1	deposition					1490:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	significant calcium phosphate deposition	1460:1499	Furthermore, significant calcium phosphate deposition, enhanced ALP, Col I and Runx2 expression were observed in hADSCs on CS-based PEMs, particularly on oCS-containing one.
27188244	15	139	theme	terminal	3189:3196	arg1	layers					3198:3203	terminal layers	3189:3203	terminal layers	3189:3203	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	11	140	theme	cell-dependent	2421:2434	arg1	remodeling					2436:2445	a potential cell-dependent remodeling	2409:2445	a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	2409:2544	In addition, no studies exist that investigate a potential cell-dependent remodeling of PEMs made of extracellular matrix (ECM) components like collagens and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).
27188244	10	141	theme	molecular	2139:2147	arg1	composition					2149:2159	molecular composition	2139:2159	molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2139:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	0	142	theme	adipose-derived	124:138	arg1	cells					145:149	adipose-derived stem cells	124:149	adipose-derived stem cells	124:149	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	14	143	theme	hADSCs	3057:3062	arg1	multilayers					3011:3021	multilayers	3011:3021	multilayers	3011:3021	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	14	143	theme	hADSCs	3057:3062	arg1	differentiation					3038:3052	osteogenic differentiation	3027:3052	osteogenic differentiation	3027:3052	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
27188244	2	144	theme	ion	485:487	arg1	pairing					489:495	ion pairing	485:495	ion pairing	485:495	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	10	145	theme	surface	2184:2190	arg1	properties					2192:2201	surface properties	2184:2201	surface properties	2184:2201	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	5	146	theme	focal	1259:1263	arg1	FA					1276:1277	FA	1276:1277	FA	1276:1277	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	5	146	theme	focal	1259:1263	arg1	adhesions					1265:1273	focal adhesions	1259:1273	focal adhesions (FA) formation	1259:1288	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	8	147	theme	adequate	1900:1907	arg1	environment					1935:1945	a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1893:1945	a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1893:1945	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	6	148	theme	CS-based	1364:1371	arg1	PEMs					1373:1376	Both CS-based PEMs	1359:1376	Both CS-based PEMs	1359:1376	Both CS-based PEMs caused also an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion and cell growth.
27188244	3	149	theme	Col	841:843	arg1	I					845:845	much less organized Col I	821:845	much less organized Col I	821:845	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	2	150	theme	Polyelectrolyte	419:433	arg1	formation					452:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation	419:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation	419:460	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	9	151	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1961:1972	arg1	polymer					1982:1988	SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer	1961:1988	SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer	1961:1988	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	0	152	theme	GAG-collagen	25:36	arg1	multilayers					40:50	GAG-collagen I multilayers	25:50	GAG-collagen I multilayers	25:50	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	8	153	theme	first	1743:1747	arg1	time					1749:1752	the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1739:1945	the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1739:1945	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	3	154	theme	HA-based	870:877	arg1	multilayers					879:889	either HA-based multilayers	863:889	either HA-based multilayers	863:889	Significant amounts of Col I fibrils were found on both native and oxidized CS-based PEMs, resulting in higher water contact angles and surface potential under physiological condition, while much less organized Col I was detected in either HA-based multilayers, which were more hydrophilic and negatively charged.
27188244	10	155	from	response	2216:2223	arg1	composition					2149:2159	molecular composition	2139:2159	molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs)	2139:2289	However, the effect of molecular composition of multilayers on both surface properties and cellular response, especially the fate of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) upon osteogenic differentiation has not been studied extensively, yet.
27188244	9	156	theme	polymer	1982:1988	arg1	STATEMENT					1948:1956	STATEMENT	1948:1956	STATEMENT	1948:1956	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	0	157	theme	multilayers	40:50	arg1	composition					10:20	Molecular composition	0:20	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers	0:50	Molecular composition of GAG-collagen I multilayers affects remodeling of terminal layers and osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.
27188244	13	158	theme	differentiation	2857:2871	arg1	potential					2873:2881	the differentiation potential	2853:2881	the differentiation potential of hADSCs	2853:2891	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	2	159	with	cross-linking	525:537	arg1	Col					573:575	Col I	573:577	Col I	573:577	Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) formation was based primarily on ion pairing and on additional intrinsic cross-linking through imine bond formation with Col I replacing native by oxidized HA (oHA) or CS (oCS).
27188244	9	160	theme	polyelectrolyte	1998:2012	arg1	PEMs					2027:2030	PEMs	2027:2030	PEMs	2027:2030	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	9	160	theme	polyelectrolyte	1998:2012	arg1	multilayers					2014:2024	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers	1948:2024	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs)	1948:2031	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Natural polymer derived polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) have been recently applied to adjust biomaterials to meet specific tissue demands.
27188244	1	161	theme	chondroitin	286:296	arg1	CS					307:308	CS	307:308	CS	307:308	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	1	161	theme	chondroitin	286:296	arg1	sulfate					298:304	chondroitin sulfate	286:304	chondroitin sulfate (CS)	286:309	UNLABELLED The effect of molecular composition of multilayers, by pairing type I collagen (Col I) with either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) was studied regarding the osteogenic differentiation of adhering human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs).
27188244	16	162	theme	regenerative	3476:3487	arg1	medicine					3489:3496	regenerative medicine	3476:3496	regenerative medicine	3476:3496	The finding of this work may open new avenues of application of PEM systems made by layer by layer (LbL) technique in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
27188244	5	163	theme	α2β1	1306:1309	arg1	recruitment					1320:1330	significant α2β1 integrin recruitment	1294:1330	significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs	1294:1356	This was in accordance with the higher quantity of Col I deposition in this system, accompanied by more cell spreading, focal adhesions (FA) formation and significant α2β1 integrin recruitment compared to HA-based PEMs.
27188244	13	164	theme	PEMs	2836:2839	arg1	stability					2823:2831	the stability	2819:2831	the stability of PEMs	2819:2839	Finally, it has not been explored yet, how intrinsic cross-linking of ECM derived polyelectrolytes that improve the stability of PEMs will affect the differentiation potential of hADSCs.
27188244	6	165	theme	fibronectin	1403:1413	arg1	secretion					1420:1428	an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion	1390:1428	an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion	1390:1428	Both CS-based PEMs caused also an increased fibronectin (FN) secretion and cell growth.
27188244	15	166	theme	layers	3198:3203	arg1	remodeling					3175:3184	significant remodeling	3163:3184	significant remodeling of terminal layers	3163:3203	Additionally, we also show for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal layers as completely new finding, which allows cells to form an ECM-like environment supporting differentiation upon osteogenic lineage.
27188244	8	167	theme	matrix-like	1923:1933	arg1	environment					1935:1945	a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1893:1945	a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment	1893:1945	Overall, multilayer composition can be used to direct cell-matrix interactions, and hence stem cell fates showing for the first time that PEMs made of biogenic polyelectrolytes undergo significant remodeling of terminal protein layers, which seems to enable cells to form a more adequate extracellular matrix-like environment.
27188244	14	168	theme	differentiation	3038:3052	arg1	properties					2997:3006	properties	2997:3006	properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs	2997:3062	The current work aims to address these questions and found that the type of GAG has a strong effect on properties of multilayers and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs.
26673244	8	0	theme	spheroid	1083:1090	arg1	culture					1092:1098	spheroid culture	1083:1098	spheroid culture	1083:1098	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	10	1	from	assays	1487:1492	arg1	superior					1409:1416	superior	1409:1416	superior	1409:1416	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	3	2	theme	molecular	473:481	arg1	composition					483:493	its molecular composition	469:493	its molecular composition	469:493	However, since Matrigel® is non-human in origin, its molecular composition does not accurately simulate human TME.
26673244	4	3	theme	solid	566:570	arg1	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	10	4	theme	capillary	1467:1475	arg1	assays					1487:1492	in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays	1434:1492	assays	1487:1492	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	3	5	theme	human	524:528	arg1	TME					530:532	human TME	524:532	human TME	524:532	However, since Matrigel® is non-human in origin, its molecular composition does not accurately simulate human TME.
26673244	8	6	theme	formation	1111:1119	arg1	experiments					1121:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	8	7	theme	drop	1161:1164	arg1	analysis					1178:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	11	8	theme	TME	1555:1557	arg1	matrix					1559:1564	a novel Myogel TME matrix	1540:1564	a novel Myogel TME matrix	1540:1564	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	3	9	from	non-human	448:456	arg1	origin					461:466	origin	461:466	origin	461:466	However, since Matrigel® is non-human in origin, its molecular composition does not accurately simulate human TME.
26673244	2	10	theme	Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm	246:266	arg1	products					290:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	10	theme	Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm	246:266	arg1	microenvironment					352:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment	323:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies	323:417	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	10	theme	Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm	246:266	arg1	Matrigel®					308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	1	11	theme	culture	153:159	arg1	experiments					161:171	in vitro cell culture experiments	139:171	in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation	139:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	8	12	theme	image	1172:1176	arg1	analysis					1178:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	11	13	theme	solid	1692:1696	arg1	cancers					1698:1704	solid cancers	1692:1704	solid cancers	1692:1704	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	3	14	from	origin	461:466	arg1	non-human					448:456	non-human	448:456	non-human	448:456	However, since Matrigel® is non-human in origin, its molecular composition does not accurately simulate human TME.
26673244	2	15	theme	sarcoma-derived	274:288	arg1	products					290:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	15	theme	sarcoma-derived	274:288	arg1	microenvironment					352:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment	323:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies	323:417	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	15	theme	sarcoma-derived	274:288	arg1	Matrigel®					308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	1	16	theme	human	181:185	arg1	invasion					194:201	e.g. human cancer invasion	176:201	e.g. human cancer invasion	176:201	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	1	17	theme	invasion	194:201	arg1	experiments					161:171	in vitro cell culture experiments	139:171	in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation	139:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	8	18	theme	3D	1150:1151	arg1	analysis					1178:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	5	19	dep	preparation	695:705	arg1	the					691:693	the	691:693	the	691:693	Here, we describe the preparation and analyses of a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix, named Myogel.
26673244	7	20	theme	commercial	948:957	arg1	Matrigel®					965:973	a commercial mouse Matrigel®	946:973	a commercial mouse Matrigel®	946:973	The protein contents of Myogel were characterized and its composition and properties compared with a commercial mouse Matrigel®.
26673244	1	21	theme	matrix	106:111	arg1	molecules					113:121	the matrix molecules	102:121	the matrix molecules	102:121	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	1	22	from	experiments	161:171	arg1	composition					87:97	The composition	83:97	The composition of the matrix molecules	83:121	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	1	22	from	experiments	161:171	arg1	important					126:134	important	126:134	important	126:134	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	4	23	theme	benign	649:654	arg1	tumor					666:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	0	24	theme	cell	50:53	arg1	studies					63:69	cell culture studies	50:69	cell culture studies	50:69	A novel human leiomyoma tissue derived matrix for cell culture studies.
26673244	1	25	dep	BACKGROUND	72:81	arg1	composition					87:97	The composition	83:97	The composition of the matrix molecules	83:121	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	1	25	dep	BACKGROUND	72:81	arg1	important					126:134	important	126:134	important	126:134	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	11	26	theme	human	1660:1664	arg1	microenvironment					1672:1687	the human tumor microenvironment	1656:1687	the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers	1656:1704	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	5	27	theme	processed	725:733	arg1	matrix					757:762	a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix	723:762	a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix	723:762	Here, we describe the preparation and analyses of a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix, named Myogel.
26673244	1	28	from	important	126:134	arg1	experiments					161:171	in vitro cell culture experiments	139:171	in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation	139:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	1	29	dep	in	139:140	arg1	vitro					142:146	vitro	142:146	vitro	142:146	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	9	30	theme	molecular	1238:1246	arg1	content					1248:1254	Myogel's molecular content	1229:1254	Myogel's molecular content	1229:1254	RESULTS We demonstrated that only 34% of Myogel's molecular content was similar to Matrigel®.
26673244	11	31	theme	in	1592:1593	arg1	experiments					1620:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	6	32	dep	METHODS	779:785	arg1	Myogel					812:817	Myogel	812:817	Myogel	812:817	METHODS A total protein extract, Myogel, was formulated from myoma.
26673244	6	32	dep	METHODS	779:785	arg1	extract					803:809	A total protein extract	787:809	A total protein extract	787:809	METHODS A total protein extract, Myogel, was formulated from myoma.
26673244	0	33	theme	human	8:12	arg1	tissue					24:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue	0:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue	0:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue derived matrix for cell culture studies.
26673244	8	34	theme	human	1023:1027	arg1	adhesion					1034:1041	human cell adhesion	1023:1041	human cell adhesion	1023:1041	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	4	35	attach	derived	623:629	arg1	tumor					666:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	4	35	attach	derived	623:629	arg2	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	8	36	theme	adhesion	1034:1041	arg1	experiments					1121:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	10	37	with	comparable	1322:1331	arg1	Matrigel®					1338:1346	Matrigel®	1338:1346	Matrigel®	1338:1346	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	5	38	theme	matrix	757:762	arg1	preparation					695:705	preparation	695:705	preparation	695:705	Here, we describe the preparation and analyses of a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix, named Myogel.
26673244	5	38	theme	matrix	757:762	arg1	analyses					711:718	analyses	711:718	analyses	711:718	Here, we describe the preparation and analyses of a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix, named Myogel.
26673244	8	39	theme	migration	1044:1052	arg1	experiments					1121:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	6	40	theme	protein	795:801	arg1	Myogel					812:817	Myogel	812:817	Myogel	812:817	METHODS A total protein extract, Myogel, was formulated from myoma.
26673244	6	40	theme	protein	795:801	arg1	extract					803:809	A total protein extract	787:809	A total protein extract	787:809	METHODS A total protein extract, Myogel, was formulated from myoma.
26673244	11	41	theme	culture	1612:1618	arg1	experiments					1620:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	8	42	theme	invasion	1055:1062	arg1	experiments					1121:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	4	43	theme	3D	572:573	arg1	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	10	44	theme	Transwell®	1443:1452	arg1	invasion					1454:1461	in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays	1434:1492	invasion	1454:1461	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	11	45	theme	human	1601:1605	arg1	experiments					1620:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	2	46	theme	used	341:344	arg1	products					290:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	46	theme	used	341:344	arg1	TME					370:372	TME	370:372	TME	370:372	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	46	theme	used	341:344	arg1	microenvironment					352:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment	323:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies	323:417	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	46	theme	used	341:344	arg1	Matrigel®					308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	1	47	theme	formation	214:222	arg1	experiments					161:171	in vitro cell culture experiments	139:171	in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation	139:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	8	48	theme	colony	1065:1070	arg1	formation					1072:1080	colony formation	1065:1080	colony formation	1065:1080	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	4	49	theme	myoma	587:591	arg1	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	10	50	theme	in	1434:1435	arg1	invasion					1454:1461	in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays	1434:1492	invasion	1454:1461	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	11	51	theme	Myogel	1548:1553	arg1	matrix					1559:1564	a novel Myogel TME matrix	1540:1564	a novel Myogel TME matrix	1540:1564	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	10	52	theme	formation	1477:1485	arg1	assays					1487:1492	in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays	1434:1492	assays	1487:1492	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	8	53	theme	culture	1092:1098	arg1	experiments					1121:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	10	54	theme	test	1286:1289	arg1	results					1291:1297	All test results	1282:1297	All test results	1282:1297	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	4	55	theme	human	636:640	arg1	tumor					666:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	1	56	theme	cell	148:151	arg1	experiments					161:171	in vitro cell culture experiments	139:171	in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation	139:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	8	57	theme	vessel	1104:1109	arg1	formation					1111:1119	vessel formation	1104:1119	vessel formation	1104:1119	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	11	58	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1495:1505	arg1	developed					1530:1538	developed	1530:1538	have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers	1525:1704	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	8	59	theme	hanging	1153:1159	arg1	analysis					1178:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	8	60	theme	video	1166:1170	arg1	analysis					1178:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	a 3D hanging drop video image analysis	1148:1185	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	11	61	theme	cancers	1698:1704	arg1	microenvironment					1672:1687	the human tumor microenvironment	1656:1687	the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers	1656:1704	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	1	62	theme	e.g.	176:179	arg1	invasion					194:201	e.g. human cancer invasion	176:201	e.g. human cancer invasion	176:201	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	5	63	dep	processed	725:733	arg1	gelatinous					736:745	gelatinous	736:745	gelatinous	736:745	Here, we describe the preparation and analyses of a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix, named Myogel.
26673244	4	64	theme	invasion	598:605	arg1	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	1	65	theme	cancer	187:192	arg1	invasion					194:201	e.g. human cancer invasion	176:201	e.g. human cancer invasion	176:201	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	2	66	link	sarcoma-derived	274:288	arg1	products					290:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	66	link	sarcoma-derived	274:288	arg1	microenvironment					352:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment	323:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies	323:417	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	66	link	sarcoma-derived	274:288	arg1	Matrigel®					308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	10	67	dep	in	1434:1435	arg1	vitro					1437:1441	vitro	1437:1441	vitro	1437:1441	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	6	68	theme	total	789:793	arg1	Myogel					812:817	Myogel	812:817	Myogel	812:817	METHODS A total protein extract, Myogel, was formulated from myoma.
26673244	6	68	theme	total	789:793	arg1	extract					803:809	A total protein extract	787:809	A total protein extract	787:809	METHODS A total protein extract, Myogel, was formulated from myoma.
26673244	2	69	theme	mouse	240:244	arg1	EHS					269:271	EHS	269:271	EHS	269:271	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	69	theme	mouse	240:244	arg1	Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm					246:266	mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm	240:266	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	7	70	theme	mouse	959:963	arg1	Matrigel®					965:973	a commercial mouse Matrigel®	946:973	a commercial mouse Matrigel®	946:973	The protein contents of Myogel were characterized and its composition and properties compared with a commercial mouse Matrigel®.
26673244	1	71	theme	molecules	113:121	arg1	composition					87:97	The composition	83:97	The composition of the matrix molecules	83:121	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	1	71	theme	molecules	113:121	arg1	important					126:134	important	126:134	important	126:134	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	0	72	theme	culture	55:61	arg1	studies					63:69	cell culture studies	50:69	cell culture studies	50:69	A novel human leiomyoma tissue derived matrix for cell culture studies.
26673244	4	73	theme	uterus	642:647	arg1	tumor					666:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	1	74	theme	in	139:140	arg1	experiments					161:171	in vitro cell culture experiments	139:171	in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation	139:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	10	75	from	superior	1409:1416	arg1	assays					1487:1492	in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays	1434:1492	assays	1487:1492	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	10	75	from	superior	1409:1416	arg1	invasion					1454:1461	in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays	1434:1492	invasion	1454:1461	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	4	76	theme	leiomyoma	656:664	arg1	tumor					666:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor	636:670	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	11	77	theme	tumor	1666:1670	arg1	microenvironment					1672:1687	the human tumor microenvironment	1656:1687	the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers	1656:1704	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	10	78	theme	low-melting	1369:1379	arg1	Myogel-LMA					1390:1399	Myogel-LMA	1390:1399	Myogel-LMA	1390:1399	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	10	78	theme	low-melting	1369:1379	arg1	agarose					1381:1387	low-melting agarose	1369:1387	low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA)	1369:1400	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	0	79	theme	novel	2:6	arg1	tissue					24:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue	0:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue	0:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue derived matrix for cell culture studies.
26673244	2	80	theme	tumor	346:350	arg1	products					290:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products	236:297	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	80	theme	tumor	346:350	arg1	TME					370:372	TME	370:372	TME	370:372	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	80	theme	tumor	346:350	arg1	microenvironment					352:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment	323:367	the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies	323:417	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	2	80	theme	tumor	346:350	arg1	Matrigel®					308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Matrigel®	308:316	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	0	81	theme	leiomyoma	14:22	arg1	tissue					24:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue	0:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue	0:29	A novel human leiomyoma tissue derived matrix for cell culture studies.
26673244	9	82	theme	content	1248:1254	arg1	content					1248:1254	Myogel's molecular content	1229:1254	Myogel's molecular content	1229:1254	RESULTS We demonstrated that only 34% of Myogel's molecular content was similar to Matrigel®.
26673244	9	82	theme	content	1248:1254	arg1	%					1224:1224	only 34%	1217:1224	only 34% of Myogel's molecular content	1217:1254	RESULTS We demonstrated that only 34% of Myogel's molecular content was similar to Matrigel®.
26673244	8	83	theme	cell	1029:1032	arg1	adhesion					1034:1041	human cell adhesion	1023:1041	human cell adhesion	1023:1041	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	7	84	theme	Myogel	871:876	arg1	contents					859:866	The protein contents	847:866	The protein contents of Myogel	847:876	The protein contents of Myogel were characterized and its composition and properties compared with a commercial mouse Matrigel®.
26673244	2	85	theme	experimental	398:409	arg1	studies					411:417	experimental studies	398:417	experimental studies	398:417	Currently, the mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) sarcoma-derived products, such as Matrigel®, are the most commonly used tumor microenvironment (TME) mimicking matrices for experimental studies.
26673244	9	86	dep	demonstrated	1199:1210	arg1	RESULTS					1188:1194	RESULTS	1188:1194	RESULTS	1188:1194	RESULTS We demonstrated that only 34% of Myogel's molecular content was similar to Matrigel®.
26673244	5	87	theme	leiomyoma	747:755	arg1	matrix					757:762	a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix	723:762	a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix	723:762	Here, we describe the preparation and analyses of a processed, gelatinous leiomyoma matrix, named Myogel.
26673244	11	88	theme	cell	1607:1610	arg1	experiments					1620:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	in vitro human cell culture experiments	1592:1630	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	7	89	theme	protein	851:857	arg1	contents					859:866	The protein contents	847:866	The protein contents of Myogel	847:876	The protein contents of Myogel were characterized and its composition and properties compared with a commercial mouse Matrigel®.
26673244	10	90	from	invasion	1454:1461	arg1	superior					1409:1416	superior	1409:1416	superior	1409:1416	All test results showed that Myogel was comparable with Matrigel®, and when mixed with low-melting agarose (Myogel-LMA) it was superior to Matrigel® in in vitro Transwell® invasion and capillary formation assays.
26673244	4	91	theme	organotypic	575:585	arg1	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	1	92	theme	vessel	207:212	arg1	formation					214:222	vessel formation	207:222	vessel formation	207:222	BACKGROUND The composition of the matrix molecules is important in in vitro cell culture experiments of e.g. human cancer invasion and vessel formation.
26673244	8	93	theme	formation	1072:1080	arg1	experiments					1121:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments	1023:1131	Myogel was tested and compared to Matrigel® in human cell adhesion, migration, invasion, colony formation, spheroid culture and vessel formation experiments, as well as in a 3D hanging drop video image analysis.
26673244	4	94	theme	disc	593:596	arg1	assay					607:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay	564:611	We have previously described a solid 3D organotypic myoma disc invasion assay, which is derived from human uterus benign leiomyoma tumor.
26673244	11	95	theme	novel	1542:1546	arg1	matrix					1559:1564	a novel Myogel TME matrix	1540:1564	a novel Myogel TME matrix	1540:1564	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26673244	11	96	dep	in	1592:1593	arg1	vitro					1595:1599	vitro	1595:1599	vitro	1595:1599	CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have developed a novel Myogel TME matrix, which is recommended for in vitro human cell culture experiments since it closely mimics the human tumor microenvironment of solid cancers.
26632447	8	0	theme	translucent	1369:1379	arg1	structures					1409:1418	translucent and superior cartilage-like structures	1369:1418	translucent and superior cartilage-like structures	1369:1418	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	7	1	theme	differentiation	1177:1191	arg1	ability					1193:1199	chondrogenic differentiation ability	1164:1199	chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs	1164:1209	Meanwhile, the DBM-E7/CS scaffold increased matrix production and improved chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs in vitro.
26632447	6	2	theme	content	941:947	arg1	analysis					949:956	DNA content analysis	937:956	DNA content analysis	937:956	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	4	3	theme	mesenchymal	603:613	arg1	MSCs					627:630	MSCs	627:630	MSCs	627:630	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	4	3	theme	mesenchymal	603:613	arg1	cells					620:624	mesenchymal stem cells	603:624	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	3	4	theme	cartilage	347:355	arg1	defects					357:363	cartilage defects	347:363	cartilage defects	347:363	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	9	5	theme	composite	1541:1549	arg1	scaffold					1551:1558	the functional composite scaffold	1526:1558	the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS	1526:1571	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	9	5	theme	composite	1541:1549	arg1	option					1588:1593	a promising option	1576:1593	a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1576:1644	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	4	6	theme	chitosan	708:715	arg1	hydrogel					722:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel	603:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	8	7	theme	staining	1507:1514	arg1	observation					1443:1453	gross observation	1437:1453	gross observation	1437:1453	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	8	7	theme	staining	1507:1514	arg1	examination					1469:1479	histological examination	1456:1479	histological examination	1456:1479	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	8	7	theme	staining	1507:1514	arg1	assessment					1486:1495	assessment	1486:1495	assessment of matrix staining	1486:1514	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	0	8	theme	hydrogel	103:110	arg1	scaffold					12:19	A composite scaffold	0:19	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.	0:138	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	9	9	theme	promising	1578:1586	arg1	scaffold					1551:1558	the functional composite scaffold	1526:1558	the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS	1526:1571	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	9	9	theme	promising	1578:1586	arg1	option					1588:1593	a promising option	1576:1593	a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1576:1644	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	8	10	theme	DBM-E7/CS	1343:1351	arg1	group					1353:1357	the DBM-E7/CS group	1339:1357	the DBM-E7/CS group	1339:1357	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	8	11	theme	cartilage-like	1394:1407	arg1	structures					1409:1418	translucent and superior cartilage-like structures	1369:1418	translucent and superior cartilage-like structures	1369:1418	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	4	12	theme	cells	620:624	arg1	hydrogel					722:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel	603:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	0	13	theme	chitosan	94:101	arg1	hydrogel					103:110	chitosan hydrogel	94:110	chitosan hydrogel	94:110	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	3	14	from	settings	399:406	arg1	irregular					377:385	irregular	377:385	irregular	377:385	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	7	15	theme	chondrogenic	1164:1175	arg1	differentiation					1177:1191	chondrogenic differentiation	1164:1191	chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs	1164:1209	Meanwhile, the DBM-E7/CS scaffold increased matrix production and improved chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs in vitro.
26632447	8	16	theme	gross	1437:1441	arg1	observation					1443:1453	gross observation	1437:1453	gross observation	1437:1453	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	2	17	theme	promising	302:310	arg1	technique					312:320	a promising technique	300:320	a promising technique for cartilage repair	300:341	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	2	17	theme	promising	302:310	arg1	engineering					285:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering	262:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering	262:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	4	18	theme	stem	615:618	arg1	MSCs					627:630	MSCs	627:630	MSCs	627:630	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	4	18	theme	stem	615:618	arg1	cells					620:624	mesenchymal stem cells	603:624	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	0	19	theme	cartilage	116:124	arg1	regeneration					126:137	cartilage regeneration	116:137	cartilage regeneration	116:137	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	6	20	theme	DNA	937:939	arg1	analysis					949:956	DNA content analysis	937:956	DNA content analysis	937:956	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	4	21	theme	affinity	636:643	arg1	hydrogel					722:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel	603:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	9	22	theme	shaped	1621:1626	arg1	defects					1638:1644	irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1609:1644	irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1609:1644	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	8	23	theme	control	1298:1304	arg1	groups					1306:1311	control groups	1298:1311	control groups	1298:1311	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	1	24	theme	significant	178:188	arg1	challenge					190:198	a significant challenge	176:198	a significant challenge	176:198	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	1	24	theme	significant	178:188	arg1	injury					160:165	Articular cartilage injury	140:165	Articular cartilage injury	140:165	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	7	25	theme	BMMSCs	1204:1209	arg1	ability					1193:1199	chondrogenic differentiation ability	1164:1199	chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs	1164:1209	Meanwhile, the DBM-E7/CS scaffold increased matrix production and improved chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs in vitro.
26632447	5	26	theme	appropriate	808:818	arg1	porosity					820:827	appropriate porosity	808:827	appropriate porosity	808:827	This solid-supported composite scaffold exhibited appropriate porosity, which provided a 3D microenvironment that supports cell adhesion and proliferation.
26632447	9	27	theme	cartilage	1628:1636	arg1	defects					1638:1644	irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1609:1644	irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1609:1644	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	3	28	theme	cartilage	463:471	arg1	defects					473:479	cartilage defects	463:479	cartilage defects	463:479	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	0	29	theme	composite	2:10	arg1	scaffold					12:19	A composite scaffold	0:19	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.	0:138	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	6	30	theme	rat	1012:1014	arg1	BMMSCs					1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	6	30	theme	rat	1012:1014	arg1	MSCs					1036:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs	1012:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs)	1012:1048	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	5	31	theme	solid-supported	763:777	arg1	scaffold					789:796	This solid-supported composite scaffold	758:796	This solid-supported composite scaffold	758:796	This solid-supported composite scaffold exhibited appropriate porosity, which provided a 3D microenvironment that supports cell adhesion and proliferation.
26632447	4	32	theme	bone	676:679	arg1	particles					694:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	7	33	theme	matrix	1133:1138	arg1	production					1140:1149	matrix production	1133:1149	matrix production	1133:1149	Meanwhile, the DBM-E7/CS scaffold increased matrix production and improved chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs in vitro.
26632447	4	34	theme	cartilage	735:743	arg1	engineering					745:755	cartilage engineering	735:755	cartilage engineering	735:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	3	35	from	irregular	377:385	arg1	settings					399:406	clinical settings	390:406	clinical settings	390:406	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	5	36	theme	cell	881:884	arg1	adhesion					886:893	cell adhesion	881:893	cell adhesion	881:893	This solid-supported composite scaffold exhibited appropriate porosity, which provided a 3D microenvironment that supports cell adhesion and proliferation.
26632447	6	37	theme	marrow-derived	1021:1034	arg1	BMMSCs					1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	6	37	theme	marrow-derived	1021:1034	arg1	MSCs					1036:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs	1012:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs)	1012:1048	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	7	38	theme	DBM-E7/CS	1104:1112	arg1	Meanwhile					1089:1097	Meanwhile	1089:1097	Meanwhile	1089:1097	Meanwhile, the DBM-E7/CS scaffold increased matrix production and improved chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs in vitro.
26632447	7	38	theme	DBM-E7/CS	1104:1112	arg1	scaffold					1114:1121	the DBM-E7/CS scaffold	1100:1121	the DBM-E7/CS scaffold	1100:1121	Meanwhile, the DBM-E7/CS scaffold increased matrix production and improved chondrogenic differentiation ability of BMMSCs in vitro.
26632447	8	39	theme	histological	1456:1467	arg1	examination					1469:1479	histological examination	1456:1479	histological examination	1456:1479	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	2	40	theme	cartilage	326:334	arg1	repair					336:341	cartilage repair	326:341	cartilage repair	326:341	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	4	41	theme	peptide-modified	645:660	arg1	hydrogel					722:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel	603:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	6	42	theme	bone	1016:1019	arg1	BMMSCs					1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	6	42	theme	bone	1016:1019	arg1	MSCs					1036:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs	1012:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs)	1012:1048	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	9	43	theme	DBM-E7/CS	1563:1571	arg1	scaffold					1551:1558	the functional composite scaffold	1526:1558	the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS	1526:1571	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	9	43	theme	DBM-E7/CS	1563:1571	arg1	option					1588:1593	a promising option	1576:1593	a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1576:1644	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	6	44	theme	Cell	914:917	arg1	proliferation					919:931	Cell proliferation	914:931	Cell proliferation	914:931	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	5	45	theme	3D	847:848	arg1	microenvironment					850:865	a 3D microenvironment	845:865	a 3D microenvironment that supports cell adhesion and proliferation	845:911	This solid-supported composite scaffold exhibited appropriate porosity, which provided a 3D microenvironment that supports cell adhesion and proliferation.
26632447	1	46	theme	poor	215:218	arg1	potential					238:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential	211:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage	211:259	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	0	47	theme	affinity	28:35	arg1	matrix					73:78	MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel	24:110	matrix	73:78	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	4	48	theme	composite	574:582	arg1	scaffold					584:591	a composite scaffold	572:591	a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	572:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	8	49	from	issue	1330:1334	arg1	group					1353:1357	the DBM-E7/CS group	1339:1357	the DBM-E7/CS group	1339:1357	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	3	50	theme	defects	473:479	arg1	shape					454:458	any shape	450:458	any shape of cartilage defects	450:479	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	4	51	theme	DBM	689:691	arg1	particles					694:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	1	52	theme	intrinsic	220:228	arg1	potential					238:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential	211:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage	211:259	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	0	53	theme	MSC	24:26	arg1	matrix					73:78	MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel	24:110	matrix	73:78	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	6	54	theme	better	1005:1010	arg1	survival					1050:1057	better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival	1005:1057	better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups	1005:1086	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	3	55	with	scaffolds	409:417	arg1	moldability					424:434	moldability	424:434	moldability	424:434	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	6	56	dep	better	1005:1010	arg1	BMMSCs					1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	6	56	dep	better	1005:1010	arg1	MSCs					1036:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs	1012:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs)	1012:1048	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	4	57	theme	E7	633:634	arg1	hydrogel					722:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel	603:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	1	58	theme	healing	230:236	arg1	potential					238:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential	211:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage	211:259	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	0	59	theme	demineralized	54:66	arg1	matrix					73:78	MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel	24:110	matrix	73:78	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	6	60	theme	DBM/CS	1074:1079	arg1	groups					1081:1086	the CS or DBM/CS groups	1064:1086	the CS or DBM/CS groups	1064:1086	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	5	61	theme	composite	779:787	arg1	scaffold					789:796	This solid-supported composite scaffold	758:796	This solid-supported composite scaffold	758:796	This solid-supported composite scaffold exhibited appropriate porosity, which provided a 3D microenvironment that supports cell adhesion and proliferation.
26632447	9	62	theme	functional	1530:1539	arg1	scaffold					1551:1558	the functional composite scaffold	1526:1558	the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS	1526:1571	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	9	62	theme	functional	1530:1539	arg1	option					1588:1593	a promising option	1576:1593	a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects	1576:1644	Overall, the functional composite scaffold of DBM-E7/CS is a promising option for repairing irregularly shaped cartilage defects.
26632447	3	63	theme	host	512:515	arg1	cartilage					517:525	the host cartilage	508:525	the host cartilage	508:525	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
26632447	0	64	theme	peptide-modified	37:52	arg1	matrix					73:78	MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel	24:110	matrix	73:78	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	6	65	link	marrow-derived	1021:1034	arg1	BMMSCs					1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	BMMSCs	1042:1047	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	6	65	link	marrow-derived	1021:1034	arg1	MSCs					1036:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs	1012:1039	rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs)	1012:1048	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	8	66	theme	matrix	1500:1505	arg1	staining					1507:1514	matrix staining	1500:1514	matrix staining	1500:1514	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	6	67	theme	DBM-E7/CS	977:985	arg1	scaffold					987:994	the DBM-E7/CS scaffold	973:994	the DBM-E7/CS scaffold	973:994	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	8	68	theme	regenerated	1318:1328	arg1	issue					1330:1334	the regenerated issue	1314:1334	the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group	1314:1357	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	1	69	theme	Articular	140:148	arg1	challenge					190:198	a significant challenge	176:198	a significant challenge	176:198	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	1	69	theme	Articular	140:148	arg1	injury					160:165	Articular cartilage injury	140:165	Articular cartilage injury	140:165	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	0	70	dep	matrix	73:78	arg1	particles					80:88	particles	80:88	particles	80:88	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	2	71	theme	tissue	278:283	arg1	technique					312:320	a promising technique	300:320	a promising technique for cartilage repair	300:341	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	2	71	theme	tissue	278:283	arg1	engineering					285:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering	262:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering	262:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	1	72	theme	cartilage	150:158	arg1	challenge					190:198	a significant challenge	176:198	a significant challenge	176:198	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	1	72	theme	cartilage	150:158	arg1	injury					160:165	Articular cartilage injury	140:165	Articular cartilage injury	140:165	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	8	73	theme	superior	1385:1392	arg1	structures					1409:1418	translucent and superior cartilage-like structures	1369:1418	translucent and superior cartilage-like structures	1369:1418	Furthermore, after implantation in vivo for four weeks, compared to those in control groups, the regenerated issue in the DBM-E7/CS group exhibited translucent and superior cartilage-like structures, as indicated by gross observation, histological examination, and assessment of matrix staining.
26632447	6	74	theme	CS	1068:1069	arg1	groups					1081:1086	the CS or DBM/CS groups	1064:1086	the CS or DBM/CS groups	1064:1086	Cell proliferation and DNA content analysis indicated that the DBM-E7/CS scaffold promoted better rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) survival than the CS or DBM/CS groups.
26632447	0	75	theme	matrix	73:78	arg1	scaffold					12:19	A composite scaffold	0:19	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.	0:138	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	4	76	theme	demineralized	662:674	arg1	particles					694:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	2	77	theme	cell-based	267:276	arg1	technique					312:320	a promising technique	300:320	a promising technique for cartilage repair	300:341	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	2	77	theme	cell-based	267:276	arg1	engineering					285:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering	262:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering	262:295	Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising technique for cartilage repair.
26632447	4	78	theme	matrix	681:686	arg1	particles					694:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles	662:702	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	1	79	theme	cartilage	251:259	arg1	potential					238:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential	211:246	the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage	211:259	Articular cartilage injury is still a significant challenge because of the poor intrinsic healing potential of cartilage.
26632447	0	80	theme	bone	68:71	arg1	matrix					73:78	MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel	24:110	matrix	73:78	A composite scaffold of MSC affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix particles and chitosan hydrogel for cartilage regeneration.
26632447	4	81	theme	particles	694:702	arg1	hydrogel					722:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel	603:729	mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering	603:755	In this study, we constructed a composite scaffold combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) E7 affinity peptide-modified demineralized bone matrix (DBM) particles and chitosan (CS) hydrogel for cartilage engineering.
26632447	3	82	theme	clinical	390:397	arg1	settings					399:406	clinical settings	390:406	clinical settings	390:406	As cartilage defects are usually irregular in clinical settings, scaffolds with moldability that can fill any shape of cartilage defects and closely integrate with the host cartilage are desirable.
25207917	4	0	theme	architecture	1059:1070	arg1	details					1032:1038	previously unseen details	1014:1038	previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture	1014:1070	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	2	1	theme	composition	364:374	arg1	knowledge					335:343	In-depth knowledge	326:343	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition	326:374	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	9	2	theme	type	2193:2196	arg1	cells					2231:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	5	3	theme	cryo-immobilized	1215:1230	arg1	samples					1232:1238	cryo-immobilized samples	1215:1238	cryo-immobilized samples	1215:1238	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	9	4	theme	cellulose	2355:2363	arg1	microfibrils					2365:2376	cellulose microfibrils	2355:2376	cellulose microfibrils	2355:2376	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	5	theme	hypocotyl	2210:2218	arg1	cells					2231:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	5	6	theme	wall	1194:1197	arg1	organization					1199:1210	wall organization	1194:1210	wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples	1194:1238	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	3	7	theme	cell	558:561	arg1	walls					563:567	plant cell walls	552:567	plant cell walls	552:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	3	8	theme	walls	771:775	arg1	isolation					726:734	isolation	726:734	isolation	726:734	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	3	8	theme	walls	771:775	arg1	extraction					748:757	chemical extraction	739:757	chemical extraction	739:757	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	2	9	theme	In-depth	326:333	arg1	knowledge					335:343	In-depth knowledge	326:343	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition	326:374	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	8	10	theme	tissue	1819:1824	arg1	sections					1826:1833	vitreous tissue sections	1810:1833	vitreous tissue sections	1810:1833	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	1	11	theme	biofuel	195:201	arg1	production					165:174	Cost-effective production	150:174	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel	150:201	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	4	12	theme	temperature	945:955	arg1	tomography					971:980	cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography	931:980	cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography	931:980	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	1	13	attach	present	246:252	arg1	biomass					263:269	plant biomass	257:269	plant biomass	257:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	1	13	attach	present	246:252	arg2	walls					240:244	cell walls	235:244	cell walls present in plant biomass	235:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	4	14	theme	∼	1109:1109	arg1	nm					1113:1114	∼ 2 nm	1109:1114	∼ 2 nm	1109:1114	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	4	14	theme	∼	1109:1109	arg1	resolution					1097:1106	macromolecular resolution	1082:1106	macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm)	1082:1115	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	0	15	theme	mature	117:122	arg1	walls					135:139	mature plant cell walls	117:139	mature plant cell walls	117:139	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	1	16	theme	efficient	212:220	arg1	breakdown					222:230	efficient breakdown	212:230	efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass	212:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	7	17	theme	macromolecular	1694:1707	arg1	features					1709:1716	their macromolecular features	1688:1716	their macromolecular features	1688:1716	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	9	18	theme	microfibrils	2365:2376	arg1	organization					2339:2350	spatial organization	2331:2350	spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils	2331:2376	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	19	theme	HPF-FS-resin	2257:2268	arg1	sections					2270:2277	HPF-FS-resin sections	2257:2277	HPF-FS-resin sections	2257:2277	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	0	20	theme	cell	130:133	arg1	walls					135:139	mature plant cell walls	117:139	mature plant cell walls	117:139	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	6	21	theme	Lignin-less	1346:1356	arg1	walls					1371:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls	1346:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls	1346:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	3	22	theme	microscopy	603:612	arg1	techniques					614:623	the microscopy techniques	599:623	the microscopy techniques used so far	599:635	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	7	23	from	details	1755:1761	arg1	cryo-sections					1770:1782	our cryo-sections	1766:1782	our cryo-sections	1766:1782	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	7	24	theme	poor	1660:1663	arg1	penetration					1671:1681	poor stain penetration	1660:1681	poor stain penetration	1660:1681	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	5	25	theme	substantial	1322:1332	arg1	extraction					1334:1343	substantial extraction	1322:1343	substantial extraction	1322:1343	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	9	26	theme	small	2295:2299	arg1	difference					2317:2326	a small but significant difference	2293:2326	a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils	2293:2376	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	0	27	theme	novel	56:60	arg1	approach					62:69	a novel approach	54:69	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.	0:148	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	8	28	theme	3D	1889:1890	arg1	models					1892:1897	3D models	1889:1897	3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1889:1933	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	6	29	theme	primary	1358:1364	arg1	walls					1371:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls	1346:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls	1346:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	9	30	theme	significant	2305:2315	arg1	difference					2317:2326	a small but significant difference	2293:2326	a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils	2293:2376	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	1	31	theme	Cost-effective	150:163	arg1	production					165:174	Cost-effective production	150:174	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel	150:201	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	4	32	theme	electron	962:969	arg1	tomography					971:980	cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography	931:980	cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography	931:980	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	5	33	theme	prepared	1293:1300	arg1	samples					1302:1308	conventionally prepared samples	1278:1308	conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction	1278:1343	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	0	34	theme	3D	83:84	arg1	architecture					101:112	3D macromolecular architecture	83:112	3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls	83:139	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	8	35	theme	secondary	1914:1922	arg1	walls					1929:1933	lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1902:1933	lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1902:1933	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	2	36	theme	fuel	417:420	arg1	process					433:439	the fuel production process	413:439	the fuel production process	413:439	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	8	37	theme	walls	2092:2096	arg1	study					2067:2071	routine study	2059:2071	routine study of low-lignin cell walls	2059:2096	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	8	38	theme	walls	1929:1933	arg1	models					1892:1897	3D models	1889:1897	3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1889:1933	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	4	39	theme	plant	1043:1047	arg1	architecture					1059:1070	plant cell wall architecture	1043:1070	plant cell wall architecture	1043:1070	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	9	40	theme	Arabidopsis	2198:2208	arg1	cells					2231:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	3	41	theme	precise	446:452	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	0	42	theme	Electron	0:7	arg1	tomography					9:18	Electron tomography	0:18	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.	0:148	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	5	43	theme	quantitative	1160:1171	arg1	analyses					1173:1180	Qualitative and quantitative analyses	1144:1180	Qualitative and quantitative analyses	1144:1180	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	4	44	theme	wall	1054:1057	arg1	architecture					1059:1070	plant cell wall architecture	1043:1070	plant cell wall architecture	1043:1070	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	9	45	theme	mutant	2385:2390	arg1	walls					2392:2396	the mutant walls	2381:2396	the mutant walls	2381:2396	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	46	theme	primary	2145:2151	arg1	proof					2104:2108	a proof	2102:2108	a proof of principle	2102:2121	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	46	theme	primary	2145:2151	arg1	walls					2158:2162	the primary cell walls	2141:2162	the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2141:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	3	47	theme	3D	481:482	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	0	48	theme	plant	40:44	arg1	tissue					46:51	cryo-immobilized plant tissue	23:51	cryo-immobilized plant tissue	23:51	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	7	49	theme	secondary	1575:1583	arg1	walls					1590:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1563:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1563:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	3	50	theme	hemicellulose	512:524	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	5	51	theme	Qualitative	1144:1154	arg1	analyses					1173:1180	Qualitative and quantitative analyses	1144:1180	Qualitative and quantitative analyses	1144:1180	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	4	52	theme	macromolecular	1082:1095	arg1	nm					1113:1114	∼ 2 nm	1109:1114	∼ 2 nm	1109:1114	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	4	52	theme	macromolecular	1082:1095	arg1	resolution					1097:1106	macromolecular resolution	1082:1106	macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm)	1082:1115	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	3	53	theme	cellulose	501:509	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	1	54	theme	cell	235:238	arg1	walls					240:244	cell walls	235:244	cell walls present in plant biomass	235:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	3	55	theme	lignin	538:543	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	6	56	theme	resin	1524:1528	arg1	samples					1554:1560	high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1479:1560	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	1	57	theme	present	246:252	arg1	walls					240:244	cell walls	235:244	cell walls present in plant biomass	235:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	9	58	theme	parenchyma	2220:2229	arg1	cells					2231:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	3	59	theme	pectin	527:532	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	6	60	theme	freeze-substituted	1501:1518	arg1	samples					1554:1560	high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1479:1560	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	1	61	theme	plant	257:261	arg1	biomass					263:269	plant biomass	257:269	plant biomass	257:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	9	62	theme	wild	2188:2191	arg1	cells					2231:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2188:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	6	63	theme	frozen	1493:1498	arg1	samples					1554:1560	high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1479:1560	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	2	64	theme	wall	359:362	arg1	composition					364:374	plant cell wall composition	348:374	plant cell wall composition	348:374	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	8	65	theme	easier	1973:1978	arg1	method					1980:1985	the technically easier method	1957:1985	the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections	1957:2027	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	3	66	theme	plant	552:556	arg1	walls					563:567	plant cell walls	552:567	plant cell walls	552:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	4	67	dep	cryo-immobilizing	815:831	arg1	followed					919:926	followed	919:926	followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively	919:994	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	4	68	theme	near-native	1125:1135	arg1	state					1137:1141	near-native state	1125:1141	near-native state	1125:1141	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	1	69	from	biomass	263:269	arg1	present					246:252	present	246:252	present	246:252	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	3	70	theme	chemical	739:746	arg1	extraction					748:757	chemical extraction	739:757	chemical extraction	739:757	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	9	71	theme	cells	2231:2235	arg1	proof					2104:2108	a proof	2102:2108	a proof of principle	2102:2121	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	71	theme	cells	2231:2235	arg1	walls					2158:2162	the primary cell walls	2141:2162	the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2141:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	1	72	theme	lignocellulosic	179:193	arg1	biofuel					195:201	lignocellulosic biofuel	179:201	lignocellulosic biofuel	179:201	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	0	73	theme	plant	124:128	arg1	walls					135:139	mature plant cell walls	117:139	mature plant cell walls	117:139	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	8	74	theme	vitreous	1810:1817	arg1	sections					1826:1833	vitreous tissue sections	1810:1833	vitreous tissue sections	1810:1833	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	4	75	theme	room	940:943	arg1	temperature					945:955	room temperature	940:955	room temperature	940:955	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	8	76	used	used	2038:2041	arg2	method					1980:1985	the technically easier method	1957:1985	the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections	1957:2027	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	3	77	theme	cell	766:769	arg1	walls					771:775	the cell walls	762:775	the cell walls	762:775	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	0	78	theme	walls	135:139	arg1	architecture					101:112	3D macromolecular architecture	83:112	3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls	83:139	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	8	79	theme	sections	1826:1833	arg1	cryo-tomography					1791:1805	cryo-tomography	1791:1805	cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections	1791:1833	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	6	80	theme	self-pressurized	1405:1420	arg1	samples					1460:1466	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples	1400:1466	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	1	81	from	present	246:252	arg1	biomass					263:269	plant biomass	257:269	plant biomass	257:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	7	82	theme	stain	1665:1669	arg1	penetration					1671:1681	poor stain penetration	1660:1681	poor stain penetration	1660:1681	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	4	83	theme	cryo-	931:935	arg1	tomography					971:980	cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography	931:980	cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography	931:980	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	2	84	theme	plant	348:352	arg1	composition					364:374	plant cell wall composition	348:374	plant cell wall composition	348:374	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	8	85	theme	routine	2059:2065	arg1	study					2067:2071	routine study	2059:2071	routine study of low-lignin cell walls	2059:2096	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	5	86	theme	samples	1232:1238	arg1	organization					1199:1210	wall organization	1194:1210	wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples	1194:1238	Qualitative and quantitative analyses showed that wall organization of cryo-immobilized samples were preserved remarkably better than conventionally prepared samples that suffer substantial extraction.
25207917	8	87	theme	low-lignin	2076:2085	arg1	walls					2092:2096	low-lignin cell walls	2076:2096	low-lignin cell walls	2076:2096	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	6	88	theme	frozen	1430:1435	arg1	samples					1460:1466	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples	1400:1466	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	8	89	theme	cell	2087:2090	arg1	walls					2092:2096	low-lignin cell walls	2076:2096	low-lignin cell walls	2076:2096	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	7	90	theme	HPF-FS-resin	1620:1631	arg1	sections					1633:1640	HPF-FS-resin sections	1620:1640	HPF-FS-resin sections	1620:1640	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	8	91	theme	RT-tomography	1990:2002	arg1	method					1980:1985	the technically easier method	1957:1985	the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections	1957:2027	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	9	92	theme	mutant	2169:2174	arg1	proof					2104:2108	a proof	2102:2108	a proof of principle	2102:2121	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	92	theme	mutant	2169:2174	arg1	walls					2158:2162	the primary cell walls	2141:2162	the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2141:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	0	93	theme	macromolecular	86:99	arg1	architecture					101:112	3D macromolecular architecture	83:112	3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls	83:139	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	8	94	theme	HPF-FS-resin	2007:2018	arg1	sections					2020:2027	HPF-FS-resin sections	2007:2027	HPF-FS-resin sections	2007:2027	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	9	95	theme	spatial	2331:2337	arg1	organization					2339:2350	spatial organization	2331:2350	spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils	2331:2376	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	6	96	dep	frozen	1430:1435	arg1	cryo-sectioned					1445:1458	cryo-sectioned	1445:1458	cryo-sectioned	1445:1458	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	6	96	dep	frozen	1430:1435	arg1	SPRF					1438:1441	SPRF	1438:1441	SPRF	1438:1441	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	8	97	theme	lignin-rich	1902:1912	arg1	walls					1929:1933	lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1902:1933	lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1902:1933	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	9	98	theme	principle	2113:2121	arg1	proof					2104:2108	a proof	2102:2108	a proof of principle	2102:2121	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	98	theme	principle	2113:2121	arg1	walls					2158:2162	the primary cell walls	2141:2162	the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2141:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	6	99	theme	high-pressure	1479:1491	arg1	samples					1554:1560	high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1479:1560	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	8	100	theme	cell	1924:1927	arg1	walls					1929:1933	lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1902:1933	lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1902:1933	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	8	101	theme	sections	2020:2027	arg1	RT-tomography					1990:2002	RT-tomography	1990:2002	RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections	1990:2027	While cryo-tomography of vitreous tissue sections is currently proving to be instrumental in developing 3D models of lignin-rich secondary cell walls, here we confirm that the technically easier method of RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections could be used immediately for routine study of low-lignin cell walls.
25207917	3	102	theme	spatial	454:460	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	0	103	theme	cryo-immobilized	23:38	arg1	tissue					46:51	cryo-immobilized plant tissue	23:51	cryo-immobilized plant tissue	23:51	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	1	104	theme	wall	287:290	arg1	polysaccharides					292:306	the wall polysaccharides	283:306	the wall polysaccharides for fermentation	283:323	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	0	105	dep	approach	62:69	arg1	studying					74:81	studying	74:81	to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ	71:147	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	7	106	theme	unprecedented	1741:1753	arg1	details					1755:1761	unprecedented details	1741:1761	unprecedented details in our cryo-sections	1741:1782	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	4	107	theme	cell	1049:1052	arg1	architecture					1059:1070	plant cell wall architecture	1043:1070	plant cell wall architecture	1043:1070	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	3	108	theme	two-dimensional	658:672	arg1	imaging					705:711	two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging	658:711	two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging	658:711	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	0	109	theme	tissue	46:51	arg1	tomography					9:18	Electron tomography	0:18	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.	0:148	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	3	110	theme	three-dimensional	462:478	arg1	organization					485:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization	442:496	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls	442:567	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	9	111	theme	cell	2153:2156	arg1	proof					2104:2108	a proof	2102:2108	a proof of principle	2102:2121	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	111	theme	cell	2153:2156	arg1	walls					2158:2162	the primary cell walls	2141:2162	the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells	2141:2235	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	4	112	theme	fresh	833:837	arg1	tissue					839:844	fresh tissue	833:844	fresh tissue	833:844	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	2	113	theme	production	422:431	arg1	process					433:439	the fuel production process	413:439	the fuel production process	413:439	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	7	114	theme	cell	1585:1588	arg1	walls					1590:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1563:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1563:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	4	115	theme	unseen	1025:1030	arg1	details					1032:1038	previously unseen details	1014:1038	previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture	1014:1070	In this paper we demonstrate that by cryo-immobilizing fresh tissue, then either cryo-sectioning or freeze-substituting and resin embedding, followed by cryo- or room temperature (RT) electron tomography, respectively, we can visualize previously unseen details of plant cell wall architecture in 3D, at macromolecular resolution (∼ 2 nm), and in near-native state.
25207917	3	116	theme	low-resolution	690:703	arg1	imaging					705:711	two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging	658:711	two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging	658:711	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	2	117	theme	cell	354:357	arg1	composition					364:374	plant cell wall composition	348:374	plant cell wall composition	348:374	In-depth knowledge of plant cell wall composition is therefore essential for improving the fuel production process.
25207917	6	118	theme	HPF-FS-resin	1540:1551	arg1	samples					1554:1560	high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1479:1560	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	7	119	theme	Lignin-rich	1563:1573	arg1	walls					1590:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1563:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls	1563:1594	Lignin-rich secondary cell walls appeared featureless in HPF-FS-resin sections presumably due to poor stain penetration, but their macromolecular features could be visualized in unprecedented details in our cryo-sections.
25207917	6	120	theme	cell	1366:1369	arg1	walls					1371:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls	1346:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls	1346:1375	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	3	121	theme	topographic	675:685	arg1	imaging					705:711	two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging	658:711	two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging	658:711	The precise spatial three-dimensional (3D) organization of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and lignin within plant cell walls remains unclear to date since the microscopy techniques used so far have been limited to two-dimensional, topographic or low-resolution imaging, or required isolation or chemical extraction of the cell walls.
25207917	6	122	theme	embedded	1530:1537	arg1	samples					1554:1560	high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1479:1560	both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples	1400:1560	Lignin-less primary cell walls were well preserved in both self-pressurized rapidly frozen (SPRF), cryo-sectioned samples as well as high-pressure frozen, freeze-substituted and resin embedded (HPF-FS-resin) samples.
25207917	1	123	theme	walls	240:244	arg1	breakdown					222:230	efficient breakdown	212:230	efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass	212:269	Cost-effective production of lignocellulosic biofuel requires efficient breakdown of cell walls present in plant biomass to retrieve the wall polysaccharides for fermentation.
25207917	0	124	dep	tomography	9:18	arg1	approach					62:69	a novel approach	54:69	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.	0:148	Electron tomography of cryo-immobilized plant tissue: a novel approach to studying 3D macromolecular architecture of mature plant cell walls in situ.
25207917	9	125	from	difference	2317:2326	arg1	organization					2339:2350	spatial organization	2331:2350	spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils	2331:2376	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
25207917	9	126	theme	sections	2270:2277	arg1	RT-tomography					2240:2252	RT-tomography	2240:2252	RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections	2240:2277	As a proof of principle, we characterized the primary cell walls of a mutant (cob-6) and wild type Arabidopsis hypocotyl parenchyma cells by RT-tomography of HPF-FS-resin sections, and detected a small but significant difference in spatial organization of cellulose microfibrils in the mutant walls.
28544761	0	0	theme	Gram-Negative	95:107	arg1	Wounds					127:132	Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds	95:132	Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds	95:132	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	3	1	theme	mechanical	790:799	arg1	strain					801:806	mechanical strain	790:806	mechanical strain	790:806	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	4	2	theme	wound	990:994	arg1	repair					996:1001	wound repair	990:1001	wound repair	990:1001	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	3	3	theme	uptake	771:776	arg1	capability					778:787	water uptake capability	765:787	water uptake capability	765:787	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	2	4	theme	Au-DAPT	389:395	arg1	nanoparticles					374:386	gold nanoparticles	369:386	4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs)	323:400	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	2	4	theme	Au-DAPT	389:395	arg1	NPs					397:399	Au-DAPT NPs	389:399	Au-DAPT NPs	389:399	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	4	5	theme	full-thickness	887:900	arg1	wounds					907:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds	834:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats	834:920	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	3	6	theme	inhibition	584:593	arg1	concentration					595:607	reduced minimum inhibition concentration	568:607	reduced minimum inhibition concentration	568:607	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	0	7	theme	Bacteria-Infected	109:125	arg1	Wounds					127:132	Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds	95:132	Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds	95:132	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	3	8	theme	concentration	595:607	arg1	terms					559:563	terms	559:563	terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration	559:607	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	1	9	theme	multidrug-resistant	168:186	arg1	infections					198:207	multidrug-resistant bacterial infections	168:207	especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections	157:207	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	1	9	theme	multidrug-resistant	168:186	arg1	infections					145:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	3	10	contain	have	525:528	arg2	efficacy					537:544	better efficacy	530:544	better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration)	530:608	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	10	contain	have	525:528	arg1	nanocomposites					510:523	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites	499:523	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites	499:523	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	4	11	theme	bacterial	961:969	arg1	growth					971:976	bacterial growth	961:976	bacterial growth	961:976	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	3	12	theme	reduced	568:574	arg1	concentration					595:607	reduced minimum inhibition concentration	568:607	reduced minimum inhibition concentration	568:607	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	5	13	theme	BC-Au-DAPT	1014:1023	arg1	system					1039:1044	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system	1010:1044	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system	1010:1044	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	5	13	theme	BC-Au-DAPT	1014:1023	arg1	platform					1061:1068	a promising platform	1049:1068	a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds	1049:1106	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	3	14	theme	minimum	576:582	arg1	concentration					595:607	reduced minimum inhibition concentration	568:607	reduced minimum inhibition concentration	568:607	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	2	15	theme	infected	482:489	arg1	wounds					491:496	bacterially infected wounds	470:496	bacterially infected wounds	470:496	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	5	16	theme	promising	1051:1059	arg1	system					1039:1044	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system	1010:1044	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system	1010:1044	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	5	16	theme	promising	1051:1059	arg1	platform					1061:1068	a promising platform	1049:1068	a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds	1049:1106	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	1	17	theme	serious	230:236	arg1	infections					145:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	1	17	theme	serious	230:236	arg1	problem					238:244	an increasingly serious problem	214:244	an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing	214:274	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	0	18	theme	Cellulose	24:32	arg1	Nanoparticles					68:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	5	19	theme	nanocomposite	1025:1037	arg1	system					1039:1044	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system	1010:1044	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system	1010:1044	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	5	19	theme	nanocomposite	1025:1037	arg1	platform					1061:1068	a promising platform	1049:1068	a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds	1049:1106	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	4	20	theme	coli-	846:850	arg1	wounds					907:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds	834:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats	834:920	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	3	21	theme	BC-Au-DAPT	499:508	arg1	nanocomposites					510:523	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites	499:523	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites	499:523	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	0	22	theme	Bacterial	14:22	arg1	Nanoparticles					68:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	3	23	dep	efficacy	537:544	arg1	measured					547:554	measured	547:554	measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration	547:607	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	1	24	theme	Bacterial	135:143	arg1	infections					198:207	multidrug-resistant bacterial infections	168:207	especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections	157:207	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	1	24	theme	Bacterial	135:143	arg1	infections					145:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	1	24	theme	Bacterial	135:143	arg1	problem					238:244	an increasingly serious problem	214:244	an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing	214:274	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	0	25	theme	Small	38:42	arg1	Nanoparticles					68:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	5	26	theme	superbug-infected	1083:1099	arg1	wounds					1101:1106	superbug-infected wounds	1083:1106	superbug-infected wounds	1083:1106	Thus, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposite system is a promising platform for treating superbug-infected wounds.
28544761	3	27	theme	excellent	718:726	arg1	properties					744:753	excellent physicochemical properties	718:753	excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility	718:828	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	27	theme	excellent	718:726	arg1	capability					778:787	water uptake capability	765:787	water uptake capability	765:787	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	27	theme	excellent	718:726	arg1	strain					801:806	mechanical strain	790:806	mechanical strain	790:806	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	27	theme	excellent	718:726	arg1	biocompatibility					813:828	biocompatibility	813:828	biocompatibility	813:828	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	0	28	theme	Gold	63:66	arg1	Nanoparticles					68:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	4	29	dep	coli-	846:850	arg1	Escherichia					834:844	Escherichia	834:844	Escherichia	834:844	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	0	30	theme	Molecule-Decorated	44:61	arg1	Nanoparticles					68:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	4	31	theme	BC-Au-DAPT	927:936	arg1	nanocomposites					938:951	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites	923:951	the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites	923:951	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	3	32	theme	water	765:769	arg1	capability					778:787	water uptake capability	765:787	water uptake capability	765:787	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	33	theme	Gram-negative	676:688	arg1	bacteria					690:697	Gram-negative bacteria	676:697	Gram-negative bacteria	676:697	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	2	34	theme	gold	369:372	arg1	nanoparticles					374:386	gold nanoparticles	369:386	4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs)	323:400	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	2	34	theme	gold	369:372	arg1	NPs					397:399	Au-DAPT NPs	389:399	Au-DAPT NPs	389:399	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	1	35	theme	wound	262:266	arg1	healing					268:274	wound healing	262:274	wound healing	262:274	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	4	36	theme	aeruginosa-infected	867:885	arg1	wounds					907:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds	834:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats	834:920	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	3	37	theme	physicochemical	728:742	arg1	properties					744:753	excellent physicochemical properties	718:753	excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility	718:828	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	37	theme	physicochemical	728:742	arg1	capability					778:787	water uptake capability	765:787	water uptake capability	765:787	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	37	theme	physicochemical	728:742	arg1	strain					801:806	mechanical strain	790:806	mechanical strain	790:806	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	3	37	theme	physicochemical	728:742	arg1	biocompatibility					813:828	biocompatibility	813:828	biocompatibility	813:828	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	4	38	theme	skin	902:905	arg1	wounds					907:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds	834:912	Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats	834:920	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	2	39	theme	-modified	359:367	arg1	nanoparticles					374:386	gold nanoparticles	369:386	4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs)	323:400	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	2	39	theme	-modified	359:367	arg1	NPs					397:399	Au-DAPT NPs	389:399	Au-DAPT NPs	389:399	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	1	40	theme	healing	268:274	arg1	field					253:257	the field	249:257	the field of wound healing	249:274	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	2	41	theme	bacterial	285:293	arg1	BC					306:307	BC	306:307	BC	306:307	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	2	41	theme	bacterial	285:293	arg1	dressing					420:427	a dressing	418:427	a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds	418:496	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	2	41	theme	bacterial	285:293	arg1	cellulose					295:303	bacterial cellulose	285:303	bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs)	285:400	Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) decorated by 4,6-diamino-2-pyrimidinethiol (DAPT)-modified gold nanoparticles (Au-DAPT NPs) is presented as a dressing (BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites) for treating bacterially infected wounds.
28544761	1	42	from	problem	238:244	arg1	field					253:257	the field	249:257	the field of wound healing	249:274	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	1	43	theme	bacterial	188:196	arg1	infections					198:207	multidrug-resistant bacterial infections	168:207	especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections	157:207	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	1	43	theme	bacterial	188:196	arg1	infections					145:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections	135:154	Bacterial infections, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, are an increasingly serious problem in the field of wound healing.
28544761	3	44	theme	better	530:535	arg1	efficacy					537:544	better efficacy	530:544	better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration)	530:608	BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites have better efficacy (measured in terms of reduced minimum inhibition concentration) than most of the antibiotics (cefazolin/sulfamethoxazole) against Gram-negative bacteria, while maintaining excellent physicochemical properties including water uptake capability, mechanical strain, and biocompatibility.
28544761	0	45	theme	Nanoparticles	68:80	arg1	Composites					0:9	Composites	0:9	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.	0:133	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	0	45	theme	Nanoparticles	68:80	arg1	Nanoparticles					68:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles	14:80	Composites of Bacterial Cellulose and Small Molecule-Decorated Gold Nanoparticles for Treating Gram-Negative Bacteria-Infected Wounds.
28544761	4	46	from	wounds	907:912	arg1	rats					917:920	rats	917:920	rats	917:920	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28544761	4	47	dep	aeruginosa-infected	867:885	arg1	Pseudomonas					855:865	Pseudomonas	855:865	Pseudomonas	855:865	On Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected full-thickness skin wounds on rats, the BC-Au-DAPT nanocomposites inhibit bacterial growth and promote wound repair.
28935000	9	0	theme	mucus	1482:1486	arg1	reduction					1488:1496	mucus reduction	1482:1496	mucus reduction	1482:1496	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	2	1	theme	dextran	318:324	arg1	sulfate					326:332	low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	309:345	low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	309:345	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	4	2	theme	disease	550:556	arg1	incidence					558:566	disease incidence	550:566	disease incidence	550:566	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	0	3	theme	NOD	70:72	arg1	Mice					74:77	NOD Mice	70:77	NOD Mice	70:77	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal Compromise on Disease Progression in NOD Mice.
28935000	9	4	theme	subsequent	1502:1511	arg1	contact					1538:1544	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	1502:1544	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	1502:1544	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	9	5	theme	disease	1569:1575	arg1	progression					1577:1587	overall disease progression	1561:1587	overall disease progression in NOD mice	1561:1599	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	2	6	theme	low-dose	309:316	arg1	sulfate					326:332	low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	309:345	low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	309:345	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	8	7	theme	increased	1426:1434	arg1	leakage					1436:1442	increased leakage	1426:1442	increased leakage of LPS to the blood	1426:1462	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	5	8	theme	DSS-treated	861:871	arg1	mice					873:876	DSS-treated mice	861:876	DSS-treated mice	861:876	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	6	9	theme	significant	1022:1032	arg1	increase					1044:1051	a significant transient increase	1020:1051	a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4	1020:1078	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	6	10	theme	DSS-treated	992:1002	arg1	mice					1004:1007	DSS-treated mice	992:1007	DSS-treated mice	992:1007	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	8	11	from	reduction	1251:1259	arg1	diversity					1268:1276	the diversity	1264:1276	the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6	1264:1319	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	3	12	theme	enhanced	516:523	arg1	tolerance					530:538	enhanced oral tolerance	516:538	enhanced oral tolerance	516:538	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	3	13	theme	disease	472:478	arg1	onset					480:484	disease onset	472:484	disease onset	472:484	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	6	14	from	%	987:987	arg1	mice					1004:1007	DSS-treated mice	992:1007	DSS-treated mice	992:1007	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	6	15	theme	mmol/L	944:949	arg1	glucose					930:936	a blood glucose	922:936	a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L	922:949	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	9	16	theme	increased	1513:1521	arg1	contact					1538:1544	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	1502:1544	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	1502:1544	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	8	17	theme	microbiota	1285:1294	arg1	diversity					1268:1276	the diversity	1264:1276	the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6	1264:1319	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	2	18	theme	brief	245:249	arg1	intervention					267:278	a brief, early-life gut intervention	243:278	a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	243:345	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	6	19	theme	mice	909:912	arg1	%					896:896	62.5%	892:896	62.5% of control mice	892:912	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	6	19	theme	mice	909:912	arg1	mice					909:912	control mice	901:912	control mice	901:912	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	4	20	theme	time	625:628	arg1	point					630:634	time point	625:634	time point when 50% of the mice are still alive	625:671	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	6	21	from	insulin	1062:1068	arg1	week					1073:1076	week 4	1073:1078	week 4	1073:1078	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	2	22	dep	sulfate	326:332	arg1	DSS					342:344	DSS	342:344	DSS	342:344	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	2	22	dep	sulfate	326:332	arg1	sodium					334:339	sodium	334:339	low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	309:345	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	6	23	theme	blood	924:928	arg1	glucose					930:936	a blood glucose	922:936	a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L	922:949	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	1	24	theme	environmental	154:166	arg1	stimuli					168:174	environmental stimuli	154:174	environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition	154:227	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	1	24	theme	environmental	154:166	arg1	stress					184:189	stress	184:189	stress	184:189	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	1	24	theme	environmental	154:166	arg1	gut					202:204	gut	202:204	gut	202:204	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	1	24	theme	environmental	154:166	arg1	diet					192:195	diet	192:195	diet	192:195	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	6	25	theme	serum	1056:1060	arg1	insulin					1062:1068	serum insulin	1056:1068	serum insulin in week 4	1056:1078	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	8	26	theme	LPS	1447:1449	arg1	leakage					1436:1442	increased leakage	1426:1442	increased leakage of LPS to the blood	1426:1462	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	3	27	theme	mucus-reducing	373:386	arg1	effect					388:393	the mucus-reducing effect	369:393	the mucus-reducing effect of this compound	369:410	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	7	28	theme	immune	1106:1111	arg1	cells					1113:1117	immune cells	1106:1117	immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes	1106:1191	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	1	29	theme	Disease	80:86	arg1	expression					88:97	Disease expression	80:97	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	80:141	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	6	30	theme	control	901:907	arg1	mice					909:912	control mice	901:912	control mice	901:912	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	0	31	theme	Gut	21:23	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal	0:31	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal Compromise on Disease Progression in NOD Mice.
28935000	8	32	theme	low	1219:1221	arg1	dose					1223:1226	a low dose	1217:1226	a low dose of DSS	1217:1233	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	8	33	theme	DSS	1231:1233	arg1	dose					1223:1226	a low dose	1217:1226	a low dose of DSS	1217:1233	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	8	34	theme	increased	1328:1336	arg1	length					1344:1349	increased cecal length	1328:1349	increased cecal length	1328:1349	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	3	35	theme	oral	525:528	arg1	tolerance					530:538	enhanced oral tolerance	516:538	enhanced oral tolerance	516:538	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	4	36	dep	survival	615:622	arg1	point					630:634	time point	625:634	time point when 50% of the mice are still alive	625:671	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	3	37	theme	subsequent	416:425	arg1	contact					452:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	0	38	theme	Early-life	10:19	arg1	Gut					21:23	Early-life Gut Mucosal	10:31	Early-life Gut Mucosal	10:31	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal Compromise on Disease Progression in NOD Mice.
28935000	2	39	theme	gut	263:265	arg1	intervention					267:278	a brief, early-life gut intervention	243:278	a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)	243:345	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	3	40	theme	increased	427:435	arg1	contact					452:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	9	41	theme	overall	1561:1567	arg1	progression					1577:1587	overall disease progression	1561:1587	overall disease progression in NOD mice	1561:1599	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	4	42	theme	mice	652:655	arg1	%					643:643	50%	641:643	50% of the mice	641:655	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	4	42	theme	mice	652:655	arg1	mice					652:655	the mice	648:655	the mice	648:655	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	7	43	located	found	1097:1101	arg1	cells					1113:1117	immune cells	1106:1117	immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes	1106:1191	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	7	43	located	found	1097:1101	arg2	changes					1084:1090	No changes	1081:1090	No changes	1081:1090	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	4	44	theme	DSS-treated	729:739	arg1	mice					741:744	DSS-treated mice	729:744	DSS-treated mice	729:744	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	3	45	theme	compound	403:410	arg1	effect					388:393	the mucus-reducing effect	369:393	the mucus-reducing effect of this compound	369:410	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	3	45	theme	compound	403:410	arg1	contact					452:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	0	46	theme	Mucosal	25:31	arg1	Gut					21:23	Early-life Gut Mucosal	10:31	Early-life Gut Mucosal	10:31	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal Compromise on Disease Progression in NOD Mice.
28935000	8	47	theme	cecal	1338:1342	arg1	length					1344:1349	increased cecal length	1328:1349	increased cecal length	1328:1349	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	7	48	theme	lymph	1181:1185	arg1	nodes					1187:1191	mesenteric lymph nodes	1170:1191	mesenteric lymph nodes	1170:1191	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	4	49	theme	group	689:693	arg1	survival					615:622	median survival	608:622	median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group	608:693	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	6	50	theme	transient	1034:1042	arg1	increase					1044:1051	a significant transient increase	1020:1051	a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4	1020:1078	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	4	51	theme	median	608:613	arg1	survival					615:622	median survival	608:622	median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group	608:693	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	0	52	theme	Disease	47:53	arg1	Progression					55:65	Disease Progression	47:65	Disease Progression in NOD Mice	47:77	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal Compromise on Disease Progression in NOD Mice.
28935000	6	53	contain	had	1016:1018	arg2	increase					1044:1051	a significant transient increase	1020:1051	a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4	1020:1078	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	6	53	contain	had	1016:1018	arg1	mice					1004:1007	DSS-treated mice	992:1007	DSS-treated mice	992:1007	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	0	54	from	Progression	55:65	arg1	Mice					74:77	NOD Mice	70:77	NOD Mice	70:77	Effect of Early-life Gut Mucosal Compromise on Disease Progression in NOD Mice.
28935000	5	55	theme	control	834:840	arg1	mice					842:845	control mice	834:845	control mice	834:845	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	9	56	theme	NOD	1592:1594	arg1	mice					1596:1599	NOD mice	1592:1599	NOD mice	1592:1599	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	1	57	theme	spontaneous	102:112	arg1	diabetic					123:130	spontaneous nonobese diabetic	102:130	spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	102:141	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	1	57	theme	spontaneous	102:112	arg1	NOD					133:135	NOD	133:135	NOD	133:135	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	8	58	theme	subsequent	1240:1249	arg1	reduction					1251:1259	the subsequent reduction	1236:1259	the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6	1236:1319	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	6	59	theme	age	967:969	arg1	wk					961:962	30 wk	958:962	30 wk of age	958:969	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	9	60	theme	host-bacterial	1523:1536	arg1	contact					1538:1544	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	1502:1544	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	1502:1544	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	1	61	theme	nonobese	114:121	arg1	diabetic					123:130	spontaneous nonobese diabetic	102:130	spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	102:141	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	1	61	theme	nonobese	114:121	arg1	NOD					133:135	NOD	133:135	NOD	133:135	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	1	62	from	expression	88:97	arg1	mice					138:141	spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	102:141	spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	102:141	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	4	63	theme	205	719:721	arg1	d					723:723	205 d	719:723	205 d for DSS-treated mice	719:744	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	7	64	theme	pancreatic	1142:1151	arg1	nodes					1159:1163	pancreatic lymph nodes	1142:1163	pancreatic lymph nodes	1142:1163	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	7	65	theme	mesenteric	1170:1179	arg1	nodes					1187:1191	mesenteric lymph nodes	1170:1191	mesenteric lymph nodes	1170:1191	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	1	66	theme	diabetic	123:130	arg1	mice					138:141	spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	102:141	spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice	102:141	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	4	67	theme	control	681:687	arg1	group					689:693	the control group	677:693	the control group	677:693	However, disease incidence did not differ between groups, although median survival (time point when 50% of the mice are still alive) of the control group was 184 d compared with 205 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	3	68	theme	due	509:511	arg1	insulitis					499:507	insulitis	499:507	insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance	499:538	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	7	69	theme	lymph	1153:1157	arg1	nodes					1159:1163	pancreatic lymph nodes	1142:1163	pancreatic lymph nodes	1142:1163	No changes were found in immune cells collected from spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes, and mesenteric lymph nodes.
28935000	5	70	theme	mmol/L	812:817	arg1	glucose					789:795	blood glucose	783:795	blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L	783:817	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	6	71	from	increase	1044:1051	arg1	insulin					1062:1068	serum insulin	1056:1068	serum insulin in week 4	1056:1078	In addition, 62.5% of control mice reached a blood glucose of 12 mmol/L before 30 wk of age compared with 59% in DSS-treated mice, which had a significant transient increase in serum insulin in week 4.
28935000	3	72	theme	host-bacterial	437:450	arg1	contact					452:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	subsequent increased host-bacterial contact	416:458	We hypothesized that the mucus-reducing effect of this compound and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact would delay disease onset and decrease insulitis due to enhanced oral tolerance.
28935000	5	73	theme	disease	759:765	arg1	onset					767:771	disease onset	759:771	disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L)	759:818	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	8	74	theme	colon	1407:1411	arg1	length					1413:1418	decreased colon length	1397:1418	decreased colon length	1397:1418	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	5	75	theme	Mean	747:750	arg1	age					752:754	Mean age	747:754	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L)	747:818	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	2	76	dep	brief	245:249	arg1	early-life					252:261	early-life	252:261	early-life	252:261	We evaluated a brief, early-life gut intervention in which pups were weaned to low-dose dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
28935000	8	77	theme	decreased	1397:1405	arg1	length					1413:1418	decreased colon length	1397:1418	decreased colon length	1397:1418	Although mice received a low dose of DSS, the subsequent reduction in the diversity of the microbiota during weeks 4 through 6 led to increased cecal length and weight and, in week 13, a tendency toward decreased colon length, with increased leakage of LPS to the blood.
28935000	9	78	from	progression	1577:1587	arg1	mice					1596:1599	NOD mice	1592:1599	NOD mice	1592:1599	We conclude that mucus reduction and subsequent increased host-bacterial contact did not affect overall disease progression in NOD mice.
28935000	1	79	dep	stress	184:189	arg1	composition					217:227	microbiota composition	206:227	microbiota composition	206:227	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
28935000	5	80	from	onset	767:771	arg1	age					752:754	Mean age	747:754	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L)	747:818	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	5	81	theme	blood	783:787	arg1	glucose					789:795	blood glucose	783:795	blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L	783:817	Mean age at disease onset (that is, blood glucose of at least 12 mmol/L) was 164 d for control mice and 159 d for DSS-treated mice.
28935000	1	82	theme	microbiota	206:215	arg1	composition					217:227	microbiota composition	206:227	microbiota composition	206:227	Disease expression in spontaneous nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice depends on environmental stimuli such as stress, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
27770219	3	0	theme	study	519:523	arg1	objective					494:502	The objective	490:502	The objective of the present study	490:523	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	5	1	theme	in	914:915	arg1	model					923:927	the in vitro model	910:927	the in vitro model	910:927	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	6	2	theme	mass	1101:1104	arg1	transport					1106:1114	mass transport	1101:1114	mass transport	1101:1114	Results showed that advection and diffusion played a complementary role in mass transport.
27770219	7	3	theme	blood	1174:1178	arg1	vessels					1180:1186	embedded blood vessels	1165:1186	embedded blood vessels	1165:1186	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	4	4	theme	ECM	778:780	arg1	hydrogel					782:789	an ECM hydrogel	775:789	an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels	775:820	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	4	5	theme	macromolecule	754:766	arg1	transport					739:747	the mass transport	730:747	the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels	730:820	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	8	6	theme	platform	1333:1340	arg1	development					1296:1306	development	1296:1306	development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture	1296:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	4	7	with	hydrogel	782:789	arg1	through-channels					805:820	embedded through-channels	796:820	embedded through-channels	796:820	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	4	8	theme	mass	734:737	arg1	transport					739:747	the mass transport	730:747	the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels	730:820	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	3	9	theme	computational	553:565	arg1	models					567:572	in vitro and computational models	540:572	in vitro and computational models	540:572	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	3	10	from	system	617:622	arg1	transport					590:598	mass transport	585:598	mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)	585:659	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	5	11	dep	simulation	1014:1023	arg1	dynamics					999:1006	the computational fluid dynamics	975:1006	the computational fluid dynamics (CFD)	975:1012	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	11	dep	simulation	1014:1023	arg1	CFD					1009:1011	CFD	1009:1011	CFD	1009:1011	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	3	12	dep	in	540:541	arg1	vitro					543:547	vitro	543:547	vitro	543:547	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	2	13	theme	in	301:302	arg1	model					310:314	an in vitro model	298:314	an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition	298:424	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	7	14	theme	embedded	1165:1172	arg1	vessels					1180:1186	embedded blood vessels	1165:1186	embedded blood vessels	1165:1186	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	5	15	dep	in	914:915	arg1	vitro					917:921	vitro	917:921	vitro	917:921	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	2	16	theme	mass	459:462	arg1	transport					464:472	the mass transport	455:472	the mass transport	455:472	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	7	17	theme	cancer	1192:1197	arg1	cells					1199:1203	cancer cells	1192:1203	cancer cells	1192:1203	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	7	18	theme	breast	1252:1257	arg1	cancers					1259:1265	in vivo breast cancers	1244:1265	in vivo breast cancers	1244:1265	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	4	19	used	used	701:704	arg2	system					690:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system	662:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system	662:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	2	20	dep	in	345:346	arg1	vivo					348:351	vivo	348:351	vivo	348:351	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	4	21	theme	perfusion-flow	664:677	arg1	system					690:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system	662:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system	662:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	0	22	theme	Computational	0:12	arg1	Analysis					31:38	Computational and Experimental Analysis	0:38	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.	0:112	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.
27770219	2	23	theme	cancer	326:331	arg1	model					310:314	an in vitro model	298:314	an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition	298:424	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	2	24	theme	physiological	387:399	arg1	size					401:404	physiological size	387:404	physiological size	387:404	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	8	25	theme	cell	1428:1431	arg1	culture					1433:1439	two-dimensional cell culture	1412:1439	two-dimensional cell culture	1412:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	2	26	theme	breast	319:324	arg1	cancer					326:331	breast cancer	319:331	breast cancer	319:331	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	7	27	dep	in	1244:1245	arg1	vivo					1247:1250	vivo	1247:1250	vivo	1247:1250	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	1	28	theme	preclinical	116:126	arg1	model					136:140	A preclinical testing model	114:140	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology	114:199	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
27770219	3	29	theme	in	540:541	arg1	models					567:572	in vitro and computational models	540:572	in vitro and computational models	540:572	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	1	30	dep	in	182:183	arg1	vivo					185:188	vivo	185:188	vivo	185:188	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
27770219	8	31	theme	testing	1325:1331	arg1	predictive					1360:1369	predictive	1360:1369	predictive	1360:1369	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	8	31	theme	testing	1325:1331	arg1	platform					1333:1340	a preclinical testing platform	1311:1340	a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture	1311:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	1	32	theme	drug	234:237	arg1	delivery					239:246	drug delivery	234:246	drug delivery	234:246	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
27770219	0	33	theme	Fluid	43:47	arg1	Transport					49:57	Fluid Transport	43:57	Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels	43:111	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.
27770219	3	34	theme	present	511:517	arg1	study					519:523	the present study	507:523	the present study	507:523	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	5	35	theme	fluid	848:852	arg1	mechanics					854:862	fluid mechanics	848:862	fluid mechanics	848:862	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	36	theme	fluid	993:997	arg1	dynamics					999:1006	the computational fluid dynamics	975:1006	the computational fluid dynamics (CFD)	975:1012	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	36	theme	fluid	993:997	arg1	CFD					1009:1011	CFD	1009:1011	CFD	1009:1011	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	3	37	theme	mass	585:588	arg1	transport					590:598	mass transport	585:598	mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)	585:659	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	7	38	theme	CFD	1124:1126	arg1	simulation					1128:1137	the CFD simulation	1120:1137	the CFD simulation	1120:1137	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	3	39	theme	extracellular	634:646	arg1	ECM					656:658	ECM	656:658	ECM	656:658	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	3	39	theme	extracellular	634:646	arg1	matrix					648:653	a 3D extracellular matrix	629:653	a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)	629:659	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	3	40	theme	perfusion	607:615	arg1	system					617:622	a perfusion system	605:622	a perfusion system	605:622	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	7	41	theme	cancers	1259:1265	arg1	recapitulative					1226:1239	recapitulative	1226:1239	recapitulative	1226:1239	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	5	42	theme	material	827:834	arg1	properties					836:845	The material properties	823:845	The material properties	823:845	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	42	theme	material	827:834	arg1	input					934:938	input	934:938	input	934:938	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	8	43	theme	two-dimensional	1412:1426	arg1	culture					1433:1439	two-dimensional cell culture	1412:1439	two-dimensional cell culture	1412:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	6	44	theme	complementary	1079:1091	arg1	role					1093:1096	a complementary role	1077:1096	a complementary role	1077:1096	Results showed that advection and diffusion played a complementary role in mass transport.
27770219	2	45	theme	drug/nutrient	353:365	arg1	delivery					367:374	in vivo drug/nutrient delivery	345:374	in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition	345:424	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	0	46	theme	Transport	49:57	arg1	Analysis					31:38	Computational and Experimental Analysis	0:38	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.	0:112	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.
27770219	8	47	theme	response	1382:1389	arg1	predictive					1360:1369	predictive	1360:1369	predictive	1360:1369	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	8	47	theme	response	1382:1389	arg1	platform					1333:1340	a preclinical testing platform	1311:1340	a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture	1311:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	7	48	theme	in	1244:1245	arg1	cancers					1259:1265	in vivo breast cancers	1244:1265	in vivo breast cancers	1244:1265	As the CFD simulation becomes more complex with embedded blood vessels and cancer cells, it will become more recapitulative of in vivo breast cancers.
27770219	1	49	theme	cancer	146:151	arg1	therapeutics					153:164	cancer therapeutics	146:164	cancer therapeutics	146:164	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
27770219	5	50	theme	computational	979:991	arg1	dynamics					999:1006	the computational fluid dynamics	975:1006	the computational fluid dynamics (CFD)	975:1012	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	50	theme	computational	979:991	arg1	CFD					1009:1011	CFD	1009:1011	CFD	1009:1011	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	51	theme	simulation	1014:1023	arg1	validation					960:969	validation	960:969	validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation	960:1023	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	8	52	theme	patient	1374:1380	arg1	response					1382:1389	patient response	1374:1389	patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture	1374:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	2	53	theme	in	345:346	arg1	delivery					367:374	in vivo drug/nutrient delivery	345:374	in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition	345:424	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	1	54	theme	testing	128:134	arg1	model					136:140	A preclinical testing model	114:140	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology	114:199	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
27770219	3	55	theme	3D	631:632	arg1	ECM					656:658	ECM	656:658	ECM	656:658	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	3	55	theme	3D	631:632	arg1	matrix					648:653	a 3D extracellular matrix	629:653	a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM)	629:659	The objective of the present study was to develop in vitro and computational models to measure mass transport from a perfusion system into a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM).
27770219	4	56	theme	bioreactor	679:688	arg1	system					690:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system	662:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system	662:695	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	8	57	theme	preclinical	1313:1323	arg1	predictive					1360:1369	predictive	1360:1369	predictive	1360:1369	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	8	57	theme	preclinical	1313:1323	arg1	platform					1333:1340	a preclinical testing platform	1311:1340	a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture	1311:1439	This study is a step toward development of a preclinical testing platform that will be more predictive of patient response to therapeutics than two-dimensional cell culture.
27770219	0	58	theme	Collagen-Matrigel	85:101	arg1	Hydrogels					103:111	Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels	67:111	Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels	67:111	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.
27770219	5	59	theme	construct	886:894	arg1	properties					836:845	The material properties	823:845	The material properties	823:845	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	59	theme	construct	886:894	arg1	mechanics					854:862	fluid mechanics	848:862	fluid mechanics	848:862	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	59	theme	construct	886:894	arg1	structure					869:877	structure	869:877	structure	869:877	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	5	59	theme	construct	886:894	arg1	input					934:938	input	934:938	input	934:938	The material properties, fluid mechanics, and structure of the construct quantified in the in vitro model were input into, and served as validation of, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.
27770219	4	60	theme	embedded	796:803	arg1	through-channels					805:820	embedded through-channels	796:820	embedded through-channels	796:820	A perfusion-flow bioreactor system was used to control and quantify the mass transport of a macromolecule within an ECM hydrogel with embedded through-channels.
27770219	2	61	dep	in	301:302	arg1	vitro					304:308	vitro	304:308	vitro	304:308	To develop an in vitro model of breast cancer that mimics in vivo drug/nutrient delivery as well as physiological size and bio-composition, it is essential to describe the mass transport quantitatively.
27770219	0	62	theme	Three-Dimensional	67:83	arg1	Hydrogels					103:111	Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels	67:111	Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels	67:111	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.
27770219	0	63	theme	Experimental	18:29	arg1	Analysis					31:38	Computational and Experimental Analysis	0:38	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.	0:112	Computational and Experimental Analysis of Fluid Transport Through Three-Dimensional Collagen-Matrigel Hydrogels.
27770219	1	64	theme	in	182:183	arg1	physiology					190:199	in vivo physiology	182:199	in vivo physiology	182:199	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
27770219	1	65	theme	clinical	270:277	arg1	trials					279:284	clinical trials	270:284	clinical trials	270:284	A preclinical testing model for cancer therapeutics that replicates in vivo physiology is needed to accurately describe drug delivery and efficacy prior to clinical trials.
25466788	3	0	from	application	593:603	arg1	surgery					615:621	spinal surgery	608:621	spinal surgery	608:621	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	1	1	theme	new	141:143	arg1	treatments					145:154	new treatments	141:154	new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD)	141:194	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	9	2	theme	composition	1350:1360	arg1	preservation					1325:1336	the preservation	1321:1336	the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties	1321:1386	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	10	3	theme	clinical	1478:1485	arg1	application					1487:1497	clinical application	1478:1497	clinical application in spinal surgery	1478:1515	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	3	4	theme	spinal	608:613	arg1	surgery					615:621	spinal surgery	608:621	spinal surgery	608:621	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	5	5	theme	H	815:815	arg1	Hematoxylin					792:802	Hematoxylin	792:802	Hematoxylin	792:802	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	5	5	theme	H	815:815	arg1	E					819:819	H & E	815:819	H & E	815:819	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	5	6	theme	&	817:817	arg1	Hematoxylin					792:802	Hematoxylin	792:802	Hematoxylin	792:802	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	5	6	theme	&	817:817	arg1	E					819:819	H & E	815:819	H & E	815:819	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	9	7	theme	biologic	1341:1348	arg1	composition					1350:1360	biologic composition	1341:1360	biologic composition	1341:1360	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	7	8	theme	appreciable	1103:1113	arg1	cytotoxicity					1115:1126	no appreciable cytotoxicity	1100:1126	no appreciable cytotoxicity of the acellular AF	1100:1146	There was no appreciable cytotoxicity of the acellular AF.
25466788	6	9	dep	%	980:980	arg1	15.9					976:979	15.9	976:979	15.9	976:979	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	10	10	theme	spinal	1502:1507	arg1	surgery					1509:1515	spinal surgery	1502:1515	spinal surgery	1502:1515	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	6	11	from	reduction	982:990	arg1	content					1019:1025	glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	995:1025	glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	995:1025	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	6	12	theme	significant	1036:1046	arg1	difference					1048:1057	no significant difference	1033:1057	no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content	1033:1087	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	6	13	theme	Biochemical	915:925	arg1	analyses					927:934	Biochemical analyses	915:934	Biochemical analyses	915:934	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	0	14	theme	spine	90:94	arg1	surgery					96:102	spine surgery	90:102	spine surgery	90:102	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	6	15	from	reduction	949:957	arg1	DNA					962:964	DNA	962:964	DNA	962:964	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	4	16	theme	METHODS	624:630	arg1	AFs					640:642	METHODS Porcine AFs	624:642	METHODS Porcine AFs	624:642	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	17	with	treatments	719:728	arg1	SDS					764:766	SDS	764:766	SDS	764:766	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	17	with	treatments	719:728	arg1	nucleases					773:781	nucleases	773:781	nucleases	773:781	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	17	with	treatments	719:728	arg1	sulfate					755:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate	735:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)	735:767	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	2	18	contain	have	318:321	arg2	success					331:337	limited success	323:337	limited success	323:337	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	2	18	contain	have	318:321	arg1	techniques					293:302	these techniques	287:302	these techniques	287:302	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	10	19	theme	acellular	1420:1428	arg1	candidate					1464:1472	a potential candidate	1452:1472	a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery	1452:1515	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	10	19	theme	acellular	1420:1428	arg1	scaffolds					1433:1441	acellular AF scaffolds	1420:1441	acellular AF scaffolds	1420:1441	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	4	20	theme	freeze-thaw	670:680	arg1	cycles					682:687	freeze-thaw cycles	670:687	freeze-thaw cycles	670:687	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	21	theme	combined	710:717	arg1	treatments					719:728	various combined treatments	702:728	various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases	702:781	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	2	22	theme	due	340:342	arg1	success					331:337	limited success	323:337	limited success	323:337	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	8	23	theme	Biomechanical	1149:1161	arg1	testing					1163:1169	Biomechanical testing	1149:1169	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF	1149:1189	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF found no significant decline in stiffness or Young's modulus.
25466788	4	24	theme	various	702:708	arg1	treatments					719:728	various combined treatments	702:728	various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases	702:781	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	6	25	theme	glycosaminoglycan	995:1011	arg1	content					1019:1025	glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	995:1025	glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	995:1025	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	5	26	theme	RESULTS	784:790	arg1	staining					822:829	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining	784:829	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining	784:829	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	3	27	theme	bioprocess	449:458	arg1	method					460:465	a bioprocess method	447:465	a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue	447:515	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	7	28	theme	acellular	1135:1143	arg1	AF					1145:1146	the acellular AF	1131:1146	the acellular AF	1131:1146	There was no appreciable cytotoxicity of the acellular AF.
25466788	3	29	theme	AF	507:508	arg1	tissue					510:515	the xenogeneic AF tissue	492:515	the xenogeneic AF tissue	492:515	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	1	30	theme	damaged	162:168	arg1	IVD					191:193	IVD	191:193	IVD	191:193	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	1	30	theme	damaged	162:168	arg1	disc					185:188	a damaged intervertebral disc	160:188	a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD)	160:194	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	2	31	theme	anulus	401:406	arg1	AF					418:419	AF	418:419	AF	418:419	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	2	31	theme	anulus	401:406	arg1	fibrosus					408:415	the damaged anulus fibrosus	389:415	the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF)	389:420	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	3	32	theme	tissue	510:515	arg1	decellularization					471:487	decellularization	471:487	decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue	471:515	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	6	33	from	difference	1048:1057	arg1	content					1081:1087	the hydroxyproline content	1062:1087	the hydroxyproline content	1062:1087	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	1	34	theme	intervertebral	170:183	arg1	IVD					191:193	IVD	191:193	IVD	191:193	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	1	34	theme	intervertebral	170:183	arg1	disc					185:188	a damaged intervertebral disc	160:188	a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD)	160:194	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	2	35	theme	damaged	393:399	arg1	AF					418:419	AF	418:419	AF	418:419	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	2	35	theme	damaged	393:399	arg1	fibrosus					408:415	the damaged anulus fibrosus	389:415	the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF)	389:420	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	5	36	dep	RESULTS	784:790	arg1	RESULTS					784:790	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E)	784:820	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining	784:829	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	5	36	dep	RESULTS	784:790	arg1	eosin					808:812	eosin	808:812	eosin	808:812	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	5	36	dep	RESULTS	784:790	arg1	Hematoxylin					792:802	Hematoxylin	792:802	Hematoxylin	792:802	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	5	36	dep	RESULTS	784:790	arg1	E					819:819	H & E	815:819	H & E	815:819	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	8	37	theme	Young	1236:1240	arg1	modulus					1244:1250	Young's modulus	1236:1250	Young's modulus	1236:1250	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF found no significant decline in stiffness or Young's modulus.
25466788	8	38	theme	acellular	1178:1186	arg1	AF					1188:1189	the acellular AF	1174:1189	the acellular AF	1174:1189	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF found no significant decline in stiffness or Young's modulus.
25466788	9	39	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1253:1263	arg1	tissues					1276:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues	1253:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues	1253:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	5	40	theme	decellularization	886:902	arg1	protocols					904:912	the decellularization protocols	882:912	the decellularization protocols	882:912	RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed that decellularization was achieved through the decellularization protocols.
25466788	3	41	theme	potential	560:568	arg1	candidate					570:578	a potential candidate	558:578	a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery	558:621	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	3	41	theme	potential	560:568	arg1	scaffold					546:553	a scaffold	544:553	a scaffold	544:553	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	3	42	theme	xenogeneic	496:505	arg1	tissue					510:515	the xenogeneic AF tissue	492:515	the xenogeneic AF tissue	492:515	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	10	43	from	application	1487:1497	arg1	surgery					1509:1515	spinal surgery	1502:1515	spinal surgery	1502:1515	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	0	44	theme	porcine	40:46	arg1	fibrosus					55:62	acellular porcine anulus fibrosus	30:62	acellular porcine anulus fibrosus	30:62	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	1	45	theme	degenerative	259:270	arg1	disc					272:275	the degenerative disc	255:275	the degenerative disc	255:275	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	0	46	from	engineering	75:85	arg1	surgery					96:102	spine surgery	90:102	spine surgery	90:102	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	4	47	theme	dodecyl	747:753	arg1	SDS					764:766	SDS	764:766	SDS	764:766	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	47	theme	dodecyl	747:753	arg1	sulfate					755:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate	735:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)	735:767	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	0	48	theme	acellular	30:38	arg1	fibrosus					55:62	acellular porcine anulus fibrosus	30:62	acellular porcine anulus fibrosus	30:62	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	9	49	theme	AF	1273:1274	arg1	tissues					1276:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues	1253:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues	1253:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	10	50	theme	AF	1430:1431	arg1	candidate					1464:1472	a potential candidate	1452:1472	a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery	1452:1515	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	10	50	theme	AF	1430:1431	arg1	scaffolds					1433:1441	acellular AF scaffolds	1420:1441	acellular AF scaffolds	1420:1441	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	4	51	theme	sodium	740:745	arg1	SDS					764:766	SDS	764:766	SDS	764:766	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	51	theme	sodium	740:745	arg1	sulfate					755:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate	735:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)	735:767	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	2	52	theme	effective	362:370	arg1	means					372:376	insufficiently effective means	347:376	insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF)	347:420	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	0	53	theme	fibrosus	55:62	arg1	properties					16:25	properties	16:25	properties	16:25	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	0	53	theme	fibrosus	55:62	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	1	54	dep	BACKGROUND	105:114	arg1	have					196:199	have	196:199	have included strategies to repair	196:229	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	1	54	dep	BACKGROUND	105:114	arg1	replace					232:238	replace	232:238	replace	232:238	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	1	54	dep	BACKGROUND	105:114	arg1	regenerate					244:253	regenerate	244:253	regenerate the degenerative disc	244:275	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	9	55	theme	mechanical	1366:1375	arg1	properties					1377:1386	mechanical properties	1366:1386	mechanical properties	1366:1386	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	8	56	theme	significant	1200:1210	arg1	decline					1212:1218	no significant decline	1197:1218	no significant decline	1197:1218	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF found no significant decline in stiffness or Young's modulus.
25466788	0	57	theme	anulus	48:53	arg1	fibrosus					55:62	acellular porcine anulus fibrosus	30:62	acellular porcine anulus fibrosus	30:62	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	6	58	dep	reduction	982:990	arg1	%					980:980	%	980:980	%	980:980	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	1	59	contain	have	196:199	arg2	strategies					210:219	included strategies	201:219	included strategies	201:219	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	1	59	contain	have	196:199	arg1	treatments					145:154	new treatments	141:154	new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD)	141:194	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	4	60	theme	Porcine	632:638	arg1	AFs					640:642	METHODS Porcine AFs	624:642	METHODS Porcine AFs	624:642	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	10	61	theme	potential	1454:1462	arg1	candidate					1464:1472	a potential candidate	1452:1472	a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery	1452:1515	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	10	61	theme	potential	1454:1462	arg1	scaffolds					1433:1441	acellular AF scaffolds	1420:1441	acellular AF scaffolds	1420:1441	These results demonstrate that acellular AF scaffolds would be a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	9	62	theme	Porcine	1265:1271	arg1	tissues					1276:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues	1253:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues	1253:1282	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	1	63	theme	last	125:128	arg1	years					134:138	the last few years	121:138	the last few years	121:138	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	8	64	theme	AF	1188:1189	arg1	testing					1163:1169	Biomechanical testing	1149:1169	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF	1149:1189	Biomechanical testing of the acellular AF found no significant decline in stiffness or Young's modulus.
25466788	6	65	theme	hydroxyproline	1066:1079	arg1	content					1081:1087	the hydroxyproline content	1062:1087	the hydroxyproline content	1062:1087	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	1	66	theme	few	130:132	arg1	years					134:138	the last few years	121:138	the last few years	121:138	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	1	67	theme	included	201:208	arg1	strategies					210:219	included strategies	201:219	included strategies	201:219	BACKGROUND Over the last few years, new treatments for a damaged intervertebral disc (IVD) have included strategies to repair, replace, or regenerate the degenerative disc.
25466788	0	68	theme	tissue	68:73	arg1	engineering					75:85	tissue engineering	68:85	tissue engineering in spine surgery	68:102	Fabrication and properties of acellular porcine anulus fibrosus for tissue engineering in spine surgery.
25466788	3	69	theme	clinical	584:591	arg1	application					593:603	clinical application	584:603	clinical application in spinal surgery	584:621	Here, we try to develop a bioprocess method for decellularization of the xenogeneic AF tissue, with a view to developing a scaffold as a potential candidate for clinical application in spinal surgery.
25466788	4	70	theme	%	738:738	arg1	SDS					764:766	SDS	764:766	SDS	764:766	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	4	70	theme	%	738:738	arg1	sulfate					755:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate	735:761	0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)	735:767	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	9	71	theme	properties	1377:1386	arg1	preservation					1325:1336	the preservation	1321:1336	the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties	1321:1386	CONCLUSIONS Porcine AF tissues were effectively decellularized with the preservation of biologic composition and mechanical properties.
25466788	6	72	theme	%	947:947	arg1	reduction					949:957	86% reduction	945:957	86% reduction in DNA	945:964	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25466788	7	73	theme	AF	1145:1146	arg1	cytotoxicity					1115:1126	no appreciable cytotoxicity	1100:1126	no appreciable cytotoxicity of the acellular AF	1100:1146	There was no appreciable cytotoxicity of the acellular AF.
25466788	4	74	theme	0.1	735:737	arg1	%					738:738	%	738:738	%	738:738	METHODS Porcine AFs were decellularized using freeze-thaw cycles, followed by various combined treatments with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nucleases.
25466788	2	75	theme	limited	323:329	arg1	success					331:337	limited success	323:337	limited success	323:337	However, these techniques are likely to have limited success, due to insufficiently effective means to address the damaged anulus fibrosus (AF).
25466788	6	76	theme	86	945:946	arg1	%					947:947	%	947:947	%	947:947	Biochemical analyses revealed 86% reduction in DNA, but only 15.9% reduction in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, with no significant difference in the hydroxyproline content.
25667421	1	0	theme	cecal	319:323	arg1	profile					338:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	1	dep	performance	265:275	arg1	the					261:263	the	261:263	the	261:263	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	2	2	theme	43.77±1.29	405:414	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	2	theme	43.77±1.29	405:414	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	4	3	dep	d	797:797	arg1	to					801:802	to	801:802	to	801:802	From d 1 to 42, the ADG of broilers fed 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg of polymannuronate was increased by 2.58, 4.33, 4.20, and 3.47%, respectively.
25667421	6	4	from	concentrations	1248:1261	arg1	cecum					1301:1305	the cecum	1297:1305	the cecum	1297:1305	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	6	5	theme	acid	1273:1276	arg1	concentrations					1248:1261	the concentrations	1244:1261	the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum	1244:1305	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	5	6	theme	immune	965:970	arg1	status					972:977	immune status	965:977	immune status	965:977	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	1	7	theme	immune	300:305	arg1	status					307:312	immune status	300:312	immune status	300:312	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	4	8	dep	fed	828:830	arg1	increased					874:882	increased	874:882	increased	874:882	From d 1 to 42, the ADG of broilers fed 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg of polymannuronate was increased by 2.58, 4.33, 4.20, and 3.47%, respectively.
25667421	2	9	theme	meal	551:554	arg1	diet					568:571	a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet	532:571	diet	568:571	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	5	10	theme	cecal	1025:1029	arg1	microflora					1031:1040	the cecal microflora	1021:1040	the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	1021:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	7	11	contain	has	1382:1384	arg1	polymannuronate					1366:1380	polymannuronate	1366:1380	polymannuronate	1366:1380	The results indicate that polymannuronate has the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance.
25667421	7	11	contain	has	1382:1384	arg2	potential					1390:1398	the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance	1386:1478	the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance	1386:1478	The results indicate that polymannuronate has the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance.
25667421	0	12	theme	cecal	80:84	arg1	microflora					86:95	cecal microflora	80:95	cecal microflora	80:95	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	0	13	from	capacity	55:62	arg1	chickens					134:141	broiler chickens	126:141	broiler chickens	126:141	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	2	14	theme	soybean	543:549	arg1	diet					568:571	a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet	532:571	diet	568:571	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	5	15	theme	polymannuronate-containing	1070:1095	arg1	diets					1097:1101	the polymannuronate-containing diets	1066:1101	the polymannuronate-containing diets	1066:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	16	from	status	972:977	arg1	chickens					1053:1060	broiler chickens	1045:1060	broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	1045:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	2	17	theme	Acres	433:437	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	17	theme	Acres	433:437	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	3	18	theme	feed	739:742	arg1	conversion					744:753	feed conversion	739:753	feed conversion	739:753	Adding polymannuronate to the broiler chickens' diets resulted in a significantly increased ADG and improved feed conversion compared with the control treatment.
25667421	5	19	from	composition	1006:1016	arg1	chickens					1053:1060	broiler chickens	1045:1060	broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	1045:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	2	20	dep	treatments	482:491	arg1	fed					528:530	fed	528:530	fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate	528:627	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	20	dep	treatments	482:491	arg1	replicates					500:509	replicates	500:509	replicates of 18 chicks	500:522	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	0	21	theme	antioxidant	43:53	arg1	capacity					55:62	antioxidant capacity	43:62	antioxidant capacity	43:62	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	3	22	theme	broiler	660:666	arg1	diets					678:682	the broiler chickens' diets	656:682	the broiler chickens' diets	656:682	Adding polymannuronate to the broiler chickens' diets resulted in a significantly increased ADG and improved feed conversion compared with the control treatment.
25667421	0	23	from	performance	30:40	arg1	chickens					134:141	broiler chickens	126:141	broiler chickens	126:141	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	2	24	theme	-based	561:566	arg1	diet					568:571	a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet	532:571	diet	568:571	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	5	25	from	chickens	1053:1060	arg1	status					972:977	immune status	965:977	immune status	965:977	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	25	from	chickens	1053:1060	arg1	capacity					992:999	antioxidant capacity	980:999	antioxidant capacity	980:999	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	25	from	chickens	1053:1060	arg1	composition					1006:1016	composition	1006:1016	composition	1006:1016	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	6	26	theme	control	1325:1331	arg1	group					1333:1337	the control group	1321:1337	the control group	1321:1337	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	1	27	theme	study	160:164	arg1	aim					148:150	The aim	144:150	The aim of this study	144:164	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	2	28	theme	d	375:375	arg1	experiment					377:386	a 42 d experiment	370:386	a 42 d experiment	370:386	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	1	29	theme	marine	239:244	arg1	algae					252:256	marine brown algae	239:256	marine brown algae	239:256	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	0	30	theme	fatty	111:115	arg1	acids					117:121	volatile fatty acids	102:121	volatile fatty acids	102:121	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	2	31	theme	SBM	557:559	arg1	diet					568:571	a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet	532:571	diet	568:571	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	5	32	from	microflora	1031:1040	arg1	chickens					1053:1060	broiler chickens	1045:1060	broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	1045:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	0	33	theme	polymannuronate	11:25	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.	0:142	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	1	34	theme	brown	246:250	arg1	algae					252:256	marine brown algae	239:256	marine brown algae	239:256	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	0	35	theme	volatile	102:109	arg1	acids					117:121	volatile fatty acids	102:121	volatile fatty acids	102:121	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	1	36	theme	fermentation	325:336	arg1	profile					338:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	3	37	theme	control	773:779	arg1	treatment					781:789	the control treatment	769:789	the control treatment	769:789	Adding polymannuronate to the broiler chickens' diets resulted in a significantly increased ADG and improved feed conversion compared with the control treatment.
25667421	2	38	theme	BW	402:403	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	38	theme	BW	402:403	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	5	39	theme	related	954:960	arg1	parameters					943:952	parameters	943:952	parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	943:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	0	40	from	status	72:77	arg1	chickens					134:141	broiler chickens	126:141	broiler chickens	126:141	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	2	41	theme	g/kg	608:611	arg1	polymannuronate					613:627	0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate	591:627	0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate	591:627	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	42	theme	average	394:400	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	42	theme	average	394:400	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	7	43	theme	immune	1427:1432	arg1	status					1434:1439	broiler chicken immune status	1411:1439	broiler chicken immune status	1411:1439	The results indicate that polymannuronate has the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance.
25667421	4	44	theme	broilers	819:826	arg1	ADG					812:814	the ADG	808:814	the ADG of broilers	808:826	From d 1 to 42, the ADG of broilers fed 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg of polymannuronate was increased by 2.58, 4.33, 4.20, and 3.47%, respectively.
25667421	2	45	theme	Arbor	427:431	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	45	theme	Arbor	427:431	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	46	theme	1-d-old	419:425	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	46	theme	1-d-old	419:425	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	1	47	theme	broiler	349:355	arg1	chickens					357:364	broiler chickens	349:364	broiler chickens	349:364	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	2	48	theme	male	439:442	arg1	g					416:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	average BW 43.77±1.29 g	394:416	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	2	48	theme	male	439:442	arg1	broilers					444:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers	389:451	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	0	49	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	acids					117:121	volatile fatty acids	102:121	volatile fatty acids	102:121	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	0	49	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	status					72:77	immune status	65:77	immune status	65:77	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	0	49	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	microflora					86:95	cecal microflora	80:95	cecal microflora	80:95	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	0	49	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	performance					30:40	performance	30:40	performance	30:40	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	0	49	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	capacity					55:62	antioxidant capacity	43:62	antioxidant capacity	43:62	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	7	50	theme	broiler	1411:1417	arg1	status					1434:1439	broiler chicken immune status	1411:1439	broiler chicken immune status	1411:1439	The results indicate that polymannuronate has the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance.
25667421	0	51	theme	broiler	126:132	arg1	chickens					134:141	broiler chickens	126:141	broiler chickens	126:141	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	1	52	theme	chickens	357:364	arg1	performance					265:275	performance	265:275	performance	265:275	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	52	theme	chickens	357:364	arg1	capacity					290:297	antioxidant capacity	278:297	antioxidant capacity	278:297	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	52	theme	chickens	357:364	arg1	status					307:312	immune status	300:312	immune status	300:312	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	52	theme	chickens	357:364	arg1	profile					338:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	6	53	theme	acid	1289:1292	arg1	concentrations					1248:1261	the concentrations	1244:1261	the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum	1244:1305	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	5	54	theme	microflora	1031:1040	arg1	status					972:977	immune status	965:977	immune status	965:977	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	54	theme	microflora	1031:1040	arg1	capacity					992:999	antioxidant capacity	980:999	antioxidant capacity	980:999	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	54	theme	microflora	1031:1040	arg1	composition					1006:1016	composition	1006:1016	composition	1006:1016	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	7	55	theme	chicken	1419:1425	arg1	status					1434:1439	broiler chicken immune status	1411:1439	broiler chicken immune status	1411:1439	The results indicate that polymannuronate has the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance.
25667421	1	56	from	effects	184:190	arg1	performance					265:275	performance	265:275	performance	265:275	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	56	from	effects	184:190	arg1	profile					338:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	cecal fermentation profile	319:344	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	56	from	effects	184:190	arg1	status					307:312	immune status	300:312	immune status	300:312	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	56	from	effects	184:190	arg1	capacity					290:297	antioxidant capacity	278:297	antioxidant capacity	278:297	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	7	57	theme	antioxidant	1442:1452	arg1	capacity					1454:1461	antioxidant capacity	1442:1461	antioxidant capacity	1442:1461	The results indicate that polymannuronate has the potential to improve broiler chicken immune status, antioxidant capacity, and performance.
25667421	6	58	with	Supplementation	1183:1197	arg1	polymannuronate					1204:1218	polymannuronate	1204:1218	polymannuronate	1204:1218	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	3	59	theme	increased	712:720	arg1	ADG					722:724	a significantly increased ADG	696:724	a significantly increased ADG	696:724	Adding polymannuronate to the broiler chickens' diets resulted in a significantly increased ADG and improved feed conversion compared with the control treatment.
25667421	5	60	theme	antioxidant	980:990	arg1	capacity					992:999	antioxidant capacity	980:999	antioxidant capacity	980:999	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	61	from	capacity	992:999	arg1	chickens					1053:1060	broiler chickens	1045:1060	broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	1045:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	0	62	from	microflora	86:95	arg1	chickens					134:141	broiler chickens	126:141	broiler chickens	126:141	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	5	63	theme	broiler	1130:1136	arg1	chickens					1138:1145	broiler chickens	1130:1145	broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate	1130:1180	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	5	64	theme	broiler	1045:1051	arg1	chickens					1053:1060	broiler chickens	1045:1060	broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets	1045:1101	Furthermore, parameters related to immune status, antioxidant capacity, and composition of the cecal microflora in broiler chickens fed the polymannuronate-containing diets were altered compared with broiler chickens fed a diet without polymannuronate.
25667421	0	65	from	acids	117:121	arg1	chickens					134:141	broiler chickens	126:141	broiler chickens	126:141	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	0	66	theme	immune	65:70	arg1	status					72:77	immune status	65:77	immune status	65:77	Effects of polymannuronate on performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, cecal microflora, and volatile fatty acids in broiler chickens.
25667421	6	67	theme	lactic	1266:1271	arg1	acid					1273:1276	lactic acid	1266:1276	lactic acid	1266:1276	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	6	68	theme	acetic	1282:1287	arg1	acid					1289:1292	acetic acid	1282:1292	acetic acid	1282:1292	Supplementation with polymannuronate significantly increased the concentrations of lactic acid and acetic acid in the cecum compared with the control group.
25667421	4	69	theme	polymannuronate	854:868	arg1	g/kg					846:849	1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg	832:849	1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg of polymannuronate	832:868	From d 1 to 42, the ADG of broilers fed 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg of polymannuronate was increased by 2.58, 4.33, 4.20, and 3.47%, respectively.
25667421	1	70	theme	purified	195:202	arg1	PM					221:222	PM	221:222	PM	221:222	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	70	theme	purified	195:202	arg1	polymannuronate					204:218	purified polymannuronate	195:218	purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae	195:256	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	1	71	theme	antioxidant	278:288	arg1	capacity					290:297	antioxidant capacity	278:297	antioxidant capacity	278:297	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
25667421	2	72	with	treatments	482:491	arg1	6					498:498	6	498:498	6	498:498	In a 42 d experiment, 540 (average BW 43.77±1.29 g) 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 18 chicks and fed a corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 g/kg polymannuronate.
25667421	1	73	theme	polymannuronate	204:218	arg1	effects					184:190	the effects	180:190	the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens	180:364	The aim of this study was to assess the effects of purified polymannuronate (PM) obtained from marine brown algae on the performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and cecal fermentation profile of broiler chickens.
28556515	6	0	theme	greater	1065:1071	arg1	result					1055:1060	a result	1053:1060	a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function	1053:1130	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	3	1	theme	mineral	503:509	arg1	vBMD					520:523	vBMD	520:523	vBMD	520:523	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	3	1	theme	mineral	503:509	arg1	density					511:517	volumetric bone mineral density	487:517	volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD)	487:524	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	4	2	theme	contractile	619:629	arg1	measures					631:638	In vitro contractile measures	610:638	In vitro contractile measures	610:638	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	4	3	theme	isolated	658:665	arg1	muscles					710:716	isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles	658:716	isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group	658:731	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	0	4	from	structure	16:24	arg1	response					42:49	response	42:49	response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice	42:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	2	5	dep	BSL	363:365	arg1	n					368:368	n = 12	368:373	n = 12	368:373	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	5	6	dep	similar	759:765	arg1	declines					767:774	declines	767:774	declines in trabecular bone structure	767:803	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	4	7	theme	extensor	678:685	arg1	EDL					705:707	EDL	705:707	EDL	705:707	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	4	7	theme	extensor	678:685	arg1	longus					697:702	extensor digitorum longus	678:702	extensor digitorum longus (EDL)	678:708	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	0	8	theme	diet	91:94	arg1	effect					67:72	the combined effect	54:72	the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice	54:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	3	9	theme	volumetric	487:496	arg1	vBMD					520:523	vBMD	520:523	vBMD	520:523	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	3	9	theme	volumetric	487:496	arg1	density					511:517	volumetric bone mineral density	487:517	volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD)	487:524	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	6	10	theme	bone	986:989	arg1	outcomes					974:981	outcomes	974:981	outcomes of bone	974:989	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	0	11	theme	obesogenic	80:89	arg1	diet					91:94	an obesogenic diet	77:94	an obesogenic diet	77:94	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	5	12	theme	increased	832:840	arg1	CSA					871:873	CSA	871:873	CSA	871:873	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	5	12	theme	increased	832:840	arg1	area					865:868	increased soleus cross-sectional area	832:868	increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA)	832:874	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	2	13	theme	HFS	419:421	arg1	HFS-AGE					424:430	HFS-AGE	424:430	HFS-AGE	424:430	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	2	13	theme	HFS	419:421	arg1	diet					441:444	a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet	392:444	diet	441:444	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	7	14	theme	CONCLUSION	1133:1142	arg1	Consumption					1144:1154	CONCLUSION Consumption	1133:1154	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age	1133:1195	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	6	15	dep	greater	1065:1071	arg1	declines					1073:1080	declines	1073:1080	declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function	1073:1130	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	0	16	theme	age	100:102	arg1	effect					67:72	the combined effect	54:72	the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice	54:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	5	17	theme	soleus	842:847	arg1	CSA					871:873	CSA	871:873	CSA	871:873	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	5	17	theme	soleus	842:847	arg1	area					865:868	increased soleus cross-sectional area	832:868	increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA)	832:874	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	6	18	theme	outcomes	974:981	arg1	ratio					965:969	The ratio	961:969	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle	961:999	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	6	19	theme	trabecular	1085:1094	arg1	structure					1101:1109	trabecular bone structure	1085:1109	trabecular bone structure	1085:1109	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	5	20	theme	cross-sectional	849:863	arg1	CSA					871:873	CSA	871:873	CSA	871:873	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	5	20	theme	cross-sectional	849:863	arg1	area					865:868	increased soleus cross-sectional area	832:868	increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA)	832:874	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	2	21	dep	groups	345:350	arg1	baseline					353:360	baseline	353:360	1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12)	338:374	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	2	21	dep	groups	345:350	arg1	BSL					363:365	BSL	363:365	BSL	363:365	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	7	22	from	age-related	1216:1226	arg1	muscle					1248:1253	muscle	1248:1253	muscle	1248:1253	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	7	22	from	age-related	1216:1226	arg1	bone					1240:1243	bone	1240:1243	bone	1240:1243	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	4	23	dep	In	610:611	arg1	vitro					613:617	vitro	613:617	vitro	613:617	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	2	24	theme	=	435:435	arg1	n					433:433	n = 11	433:438	n = 11	433:438	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	7	25	theme	13-week	1161:1167	arg1	diet					1173:1176	a 13-week HFS diet	1159:1176	a 13-week HFS diet	1159:1176	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	1	26	theme	long-term	150:158	arg1	fat					165:167	a long-term high fat	148:167	a long-term high fat	148:167	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	0	27	theme	Musculoskeletal	0:14	arg1	structure					16:24	Musculoskeletal structure	0:24	Musculoskeletal structure	0:24	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	3	28	theme	body	531:534	arg1	composition					536:546	body composition	531:546	body composition	531:546	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	7	29	from	muscle	1248:1253	arg1	age-related					1216:1226	age-related	1216:1226	age-related	1216:1226	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	7	30	with	manner	1305:1310	arg1	greater					1317:1323	greater	1317:1323	greater	1317:1323	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	5	31	theme	trabecular	779:788	arg1	structure					795:803	trabecular bone structure	779:803	trabecular bone structure	779:803	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	1	32	theme	high	160:163	arg1	fat					165:167	a long-term high fat	148:167	a long-term high fat	148:167	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	1	33	theme	muscle	228:233	arg1	structure					235:243	muscle structure	228:243	muscle structure	228:243	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	0	34	theme	male	107:110	arg1	mice					121:124	male C57BL/6J mice	107:124	male C57BL/6J mice	107:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	2	35	dep	mice	296:299	arg1	weeks					305:309	20 weeks	302:309	20 weeks of age	302:316	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	1	36	theme	fat	165:167	arg1	effects					137:143	The effects	133:143	The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function	133:259	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	4	37	theme	In	610:611	arg1	measures					631:638	In vitro contractile measures	610:638	In vitro contractile measures	610:638	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	7	38	from	bone	1240:1243	arg1	age-related					1216:1226	age-related	1216:1226	age-related	1216:1226	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	4	39	theme	digitorum	687:695	arg1	EDL					705:707	EDL	705:707	EDL	705:707	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	4	39	theme	digitorum	687:695	arg1	longus					697:702	extensor digitorum longus	678:702	extensor digitorum longus (EDL)	678:708	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	2	40	theme	=	370:370	arg1	n					368:368	n = 12	368:373	n = 12	368:373	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	7	41	theme	coordinate	1294:1303	arg1	manner					1305:1310	a coordinate manner	1292:1310	a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle	1292:1352	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	4	42	theme	longus	697:702	arg1	muscles					710:716	isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles	658:716	isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group	658:731	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	2	43	theme	age	314:316	arg1	weeks					305:309	20 weeks	302:309	20 weeks of age	302:316	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	1	44	theme	sucrose	173:179	arg1	HFS					187:189	HFS	187:189	HFS	187:189	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	1	44	theme	sucrose	173:179	arg1	diet					181:184	sucrose diet	173:184	sucrose diet (HFS)	173:190	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	7	45	theme	HFS	1169:1171	arg1	diet					1173:1176	a 13-week HFS diet	1159:1176	a 13-week HFS diet	1159:1176	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	0	46	theme	C57BL/6J	112:119	arg1	mice					121:124	male C57BL/6J mice	107:124	male C57BL/6J mice	107:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	0	47	from	effect	67:72	arg1	mice					121:124	male C57BL/6J mice	107:124	male C57BL/6J mice	107:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	1	48	theme	diet	181:184	arg1	effects					137:143	The effects	133:143	The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function	133:259	SCOPE The effects of a long-term high fat and sucrose diet (HFS) superimposed with aging on bone and muscle structure and/or function.
28556515	6	49	theme	bone	1096:1099	arg1	structure					1101:1109	trabecular bone structure	1085:1109	trabecular bone structure	1085:1109	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	2	50	dep	AGE	403:405	arg1	n					408:408	n = 12	408:413	n = 12	408:413	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	2	51	dep	HFS-AGE	424:430	arg1	n					433:433	n = 11	433:438	n = 11	433:438	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	3	52	theme	bone	498:501	arg1	vBMD					520:523	vBMD	520:523	vBMD	520:523	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	3	52	theme	bone	498:501	arg1	density					511:517	volumetric bone mineral density	487:517	volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD)	487:524	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	3	53	theme	bone	471:474	arg1	structure					476:484	Trabecular bone structure	460:484	Trabecular bone structure	460:484	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	2	54	theme	C57BL/6J	287:294	arg1	mice					296:299	Male C57BL/6J mice	282:299	Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age)	282:317	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	7	55	theme	diet	1173:1176	arg1	Consumption					1144:1154	CONCLUSION Consumption	1133:1154	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age	1133:1195	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	4	56	theme	soleus	667:672	arg1	muscles					710:716	isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles	658:716	isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group	658:731	In vitro contractile measures were performed on isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles for each group.
28556515	5	57	theme	bone	790:793	arg1	structure					795:803	trabecular bone structure	779:803	trabecular bone structure	779:803	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	7	58	theme	age	1193:1195	arg1	weeks					1184:1188	20 weeks	1181:1188	20 weeks of age	1181:1195	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	2	59	theme	Male	282:285	arg1	mice					296:299	Male C57BL/6J mice	282:299	Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age)	282:317	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	5	60	theme	tetanic	941:947	arg1	force					954:958	tetanic peak force	941:958	tetanic peak force	941:958	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	2	61	theme	=	410:410	arg1	n					408:408	n = 12	408:413	n = 12	408:413	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	7	62	dep	greater	1317:1323	arg1	declines					1325:1332	declines	1325:1332	declines in bone than muscle	1325:1352	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	2	63	dep	METHODS	262:268	arg1	randomized					324:333	randomized	324:333	randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12)	324:374	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	2	63	dep	METHODS	262:268	arg1	assigned					380:387	assigned	380:387	assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks	380:457	METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6J mice (20 weeks of age) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: baseline (BSL, n = 12), or assigned to a control (AGE, n = 12) or HFS (HFS-AGE, n = 11) diet for 13 weeks.
28556515	5	64	theme	peak	949:952	arg1	force					954:958	tetanic peak force	941:958	tetanic peak force	941:958	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	7	65	from	weeks	1184:1188	arg1	Consumption					1144:1154	CONCLUSION Consumption	1133:1154	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age	1133:1195	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	3	66	theme	Trabecular	460:469	arg1	structure					476:484	Trabecular bone structure	460:484	Trabecular bone structure	460:484	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	3	67	theme	age	605:607	arg1	weeks					596:600	20, 24, and 32 weeks	581:600	20, 24, and 32 weeks of age	581:607	Trabecular bone structure, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and body composition, were measured longitudinally at 20, 24, and 32 weeks of age.
28556515	7	68	dep	age-related	1216:1226	arg1	declines					1228:1235	declines	1228:1235	declines	1228:1235	CONCLUSION Consumption of a 13-week HFS diet at 20 weeks of age did not exacerbate age-related declines in bone or muscle, but these tissues do not decline in a coordinate manner with greater declines in bone than muscle.
28556515	0	69	theme	combined	58:65	arg1	effect					67:72	the combined effect	54:72	the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice	54:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	0	70	from	function	30:37	arg1	response					42:49	response	42:49	response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice	42:124	Musculoskeletal structure and function in response to the combined effect of an obesogenic diet and age in male C57BL/6J mice.
28556515	6	71	theme	muscle	1116:1121	arg1	function					1123:1130	muscle function	1116:1130	muscle function	1116:1130	The ratio of outcomes of bone to muscle declined in both AGE and HFS-AGE compared to BSL as a result of greater declines in trabecular bone structure than muscle function.
28556515	5	72	dep	resulted	820:827	arg1	compared					876:883	compared	876:883	compared to AGE	876:890	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
28556515	5	73	theme	greater	923:929	arg1	twitch					931:936	greater twitch	923:936	greater twitch	923:936	Both AGE and HFS-AGE had similar declines in trabecular bone structure, while HFS-AGE resulted in increased soleus cross-sectional area (CSA) compared to AGE, but this did not translate to greater twitch or tetanic peak force.
24283537	4	0	theme	lesion	498:503	arg1	tissue					505:510	lesion tissue	498:510	lesion tissue	498:510	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	7	1	theme	transcripts	1029:1039	arg1	abundance					1012:1020	the abundance	1008:1020	the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1008:1145	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	1	2	theme	trees	169:173	arg1	disease					146:152	a significant global disease	125:152	a significant global disease of stone fruit trees	125:173	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	1	2	theme	trees	169:173	arg1	disease					187:193	a major disease	179:193	a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	179:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	1	3	theme	River	245:249	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	7	4	theme	L-galactose	1178:1188	arg1	synthesis					1165:1173	the synthesis	1161:1173	the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose	1161:1226	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	5	5	theme	Soluble	597:603	arg1	sugars					605:610	Soluble sugars	597:610	Soluble sugars	597:610	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	5	5	theme	Soluble	597:603	arg1	arabinose					631:639	arabinose	631:639	arabinose	631:639	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	5	5	theme	Soluble	597:603	arg1	xylose					646:651	xylose	646:651	xylose	646:651	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	5	5	theme	Soluble	597:603	arg1	mannose					622:628	mannose	622:628	mannose	622:628	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	5	5	theme	Soluble	597:603	arg1	glucose					613:619	glucose	613:619	glucose	613:619	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	6	6	theme	acid	869:872	arg1	staining					891:898	periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining	860:898	periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining	860:898	Accumulation of polysaccharides was also observed by section observation and periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining during infection.
24283537	4	7	theme	shoots	575:580	arg1	tissue					490:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	4	7	theme	shoots	575:580	arg1	tissue					505:510	lesion tissue	498:510	lesion tissue	498:510	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	4	7	theme	shoots	575:580	arg1	tissue					559:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	8	8	theme	transport-related	1294:1310	arg1	UGT					1346:1348	UGT	1346:1348	UGT	1346:1348	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	8	theme	transport-related	1294:1310	arg1	SOT					1332:1334	SOT	1332:1334	SOT	1332:1334	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	8	theme	transport-related	1294:1310	arg1	GMT					1337:1339	GMT	1337:1339	GMT	1337:1339	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	8	theme	transport-related	1294:1310	arg1	SUT					1327:1329	SUT	1327:1329	SUT	1327:1329	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	8	theme	transport-related	1294:1310	arg1	genes					1312:1316	sugar transport-related genes	1288:1316	sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT)	1288:1349	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	1	9	theme	China	254:258	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	5	10	theme	control	729:735	arg1	tissues					737:743	control tissues	729:743	control tissues	729:743	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	4	11	theme	noninoculated	476:488	arg1	tissue					490:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	7	12	theme	diphosphate-L-galactose	1204:1226	arg1	synthesis					1165:1173	the synthesis	1161:1173	the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose	1161:1226	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	2	13	theme	Lasiodiplodia	341:353	arg1	theobromae					355:364	Lasiodiplodia theobromae	341:364	Lasiodiplodia theobromae	341:364	In this study, the carbohydrate composition of peach shoots during infection by Lasiodiplodia theobromae was examined.
24283537	9	14	theme	gummosis	1529:1536	arg1	symptoms					1511:1518	the symptoms	1507:1518	the symptoms of peach gummosis	1507:1536	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	7	15	theme	guanosine	1194:1202	arg1	diphosphate-L-galactose					1204:1226	guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose	1194:1226	guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose	1194:1226	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	3	16	theme	related	404:410	arg1	genes					398:402	genes	398:402	genes related to metabolic enzymes	398:431	The expression of genes related to metabolic enzymes was also investigated.
24283537	1	17	from	disease	146:152	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	1	18	theme	major	181:185	arg1	disease					187:193	a major disease	179:193	a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	179:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	9	19	from	changes	1370:1376	arg1	content					1387:1393	sugar content	1381:1393	sugar content	1381:1393	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	9	19	from	changes	1370:1376	arg1	expression					1404:1413	gene expression	1399:1413	gene expression	1399:1413	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	5	20	theme	different	748:756	arg1	times					758:762	different times	748:762	different times after inoculation	748:780	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	1	21	theme	Peach	99:103	arg1	gummosis					105:112	Peach gummosis	99:112	Peach gummosis	99:112	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	3	22	theme	metabolic	415:423	arg1	enzymes					425:431	metabolic enzymes	415:431	metabolic enzymes	415:431	The expression of genes related to metabolic enzymes was also investigated.
24283537	0	23	theme	Carbohydrate	0:11	arg1	metabolism					13:22	Carbohydrate metabolism	0:22	Carbohydrate metabolism	0:22	Carbohydrate metabolism changes in Prunus persica gummosis infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
24283537	7	24	from	abundance	1012:1020	arg1	pathway					1058:1064	the synthesis pathway	1044:1064	the synthesis pathway	1044:1064	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	7	25	theme	UDP-D-arabinose	1131:1145	arg1	abundance					1012:1020	the abundance	1008:1020	the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1008:1145	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	7	26	theme	polymerase	968:977	arg1	reaction					985:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	9	27	theme	peach	1445:1449	arg1	formation					1470:1478	peach gum polysaccharide formation	1445:1478	peach gum polysaccharide formation	1445:1478	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	4	28	theme	lesion	552:557	arg1	tissue					559:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	7	29	theme	UDP-D-galactose	1110:1124	arg1	abundance					1012:1020	the abundance	1008:1020	the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1008:1145	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	7	30	theme	chain	979:983	arg1	reaction					985:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	2	31	theme	carbohydrate	280:291	arg1	composition					293:303	the carbohydrate composition	276:303	the carbohydrate composition of peach shoots during infection by Lasiodiplodia theobromae	276:364	In this study, the carbohydrate composition of peach shoots during infection by Lasiodiplodia theobromae was examined.
24283537	8	32	theme	transcript	1267:1276	arg1	levels					1278:1283	the transcript levels	1263:1283	the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT)	1263:1349	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	4	33	theme	peach	569:573	arg1	shoots					575:580	peach shoots	569:580	peach shoots	569:580	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	5	34	theme	peach	702:706	arg1	shoots					708:713	peach shoots	702:713	peach shoots	702:713	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	6	35	theme	reagent	883:889	arg1	staining					891:898	periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining	860:898	periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining	860:898	Accumulation of polysaccharides was also observed by section observation and periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining during infection.
24283537	1	36	theme	south	202:206	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	0	37	theme	persica	42:48	arg1	gummosis					50:57	Prunus persica gummosis	35:57	Prunus persica gummosis infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae	35:96	Carbohydrate metabolism changes in Prunus persica gummosis infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
24283537	5	38	theme	shoots	708:713	arg1	tissues					691:697	inoculated tissues	680:697	inoculated tissues of peach shoots	680:713	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	1	39	theme	peach	208:212	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	0	40	theme	Prunus	35:40	arg1	gummosis					50:57	Prunus persica gummosis	35:57	Prunus persica gummosis infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae	35:96	Carbohydrate metabolism changes in Prunus persica gummosis infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
24283537	9	41	theme	polysaccharide	1455:1468	arg1	formation					1470:1478	peach gum polysaccharide formation	1445:1478	peach gum polysaccharide formation	1445:1478	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	4	42	theme	wounded	464:470	arg1	tissue					490:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	9	43	theme	gum	1451:1453	arg1	formation					1470:1478	peach gum polysaccharide formation	1445:1478	peach gum polysaccharide formation	1445:1478	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	1	44	theme	production	214:223	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	8	45	theme	genes	1312:1316	arg1	levels					1278:1283	the transcript levels	1263:1283	the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT)	1263:1349	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	4	46	theme	wounded	517:523	arg1	tissue					559:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	7	47	theme	UDP	1090:1092	arg1	abundance					1012:1020	the abundance	1008:1020	the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1008:1145	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	4	48	theme	Control	456:462	arg1	tissue					490:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue	456:495	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	7	49	theme	uridine	1069:1075	arg1	UDP					1090:1092	uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1069:1145	UDP	1090:1092	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	1	50	theme	significant	127:137	arg1	disease					146:152	a significant global disease	125:152	a significant global disease of stone fruit trees	125:173	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	3	51	theme	genes	398:402	arg1	expression					384:393	The expression	380:393	The expression of genes related to metabolic enzymes	380:431	The expression of genes related to metabolic enzymes was also investigated.
24283537	4	52	theme	surrounding	540:550	arg1	tissue					559:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	8	53	dep	genes	1312:1316	arg1	UGT					1346:1348	UGT	1346:1348	UGT	1346:1348	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	53	dep	genes	1312:1316	arg1	SOT					1332:1334	SOT	1332:1334	SOT	1332:1334	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	53	dep	genes	1312:1316	arg1	SUT					1327:1329	SUT	1327:1329	SUT	1327:1329	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	53	dep	genes	1312:1316	arg1	genes					1312:1316	sugar transport-related genes	1288:1316	sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT)	1288:1349	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	53	dep	genes	1312:1316	arg1	GMT					1337:1339	GMT	1337:1339	GMT	1337:1339	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	6	54	theme	periodic	860:867	arg1	staining					891:898	periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining	860:898	periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining	860:898	Accumulation of polysaccharides was also observed by section observation and periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining during infection.
24283537	7	55	theme	diphosphate	1077:1087	arg1	UDP					1090:1092	uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1069:1145	UDP	1090:1092	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	7	56	theme	synthesis	1048:1056	arg1	pathway					1058:1064	the synthesis pathway	1044:1064	the synthesis pathway	1044:1064	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	1	57	theme	global	139:144	arg1	disease					146:152	a significant global disease	125:152	a significant global disease of stone fruit trees	125:173	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	7	58	theme	quantitative	933:944	arg1	reaction					985:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	4	59	theme	inoculated	529:538	arg1	tissue					559:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue	517:564	Control wounded and noninoculated tissue, lesion tissue, and wounded and inoculated surrounding lesion tissue of peach shoots were analyzed.
24283537	5	60	theme	inoculated	680:689	arg1	tissues					691:697	inoculated tissues	680:697	inoculated tissues of peach shoots	680:713	Soluble sugars, glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose significantly increased in inoculated tissues of peach shoots compared with control tissues at different times after inoculation.
24283537	6	61	theme	polysaccharides	799:813	arg1	Accumulation					783:794	Accumulation	783:794	Accumulation of polysaccharides	783:813	Accumulation of polysaccharides was also observed by section observation and periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining during infection.
24283537	9	62	theme	sugar	1381:1385	arg1	content					1387:1393	sugar content	1381:1393	sugar content	1381:1393	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	2	63	theme	shoots	314:319	arg1	composition					293:303	the carbohydrate composition	276:303	the carbohydrate composition of peach shoots during infection by Lasiodiplodia theobromae	276:364	In this study, the carbohydrate composition of peach shoots during infection by Lasiodiplodia theobromae was examined.
24283537	7	64	theme	reverse-transcription	946:966	arg1	reaction					985:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction	933:992	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	8	65	theme	sugar	1288:1292	arg1	UGT					1346:1348	UGT	1346:1348	UGT	1346:1348	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	65	theme	sugar	1288:1292	arg1	SOT					1332:1334	SOT	1332:1334	SOT	1332:1334	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	65	theme	sugar	1288:1292	arg1	GMT					1337:1339	GMT	1337:1339	GMT	1337:1339	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	65	theme	sugar	1288:1292	arg1	SUT					1327:1329	SUT	1327:1329	SUT	1327:1329	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	8	65	theme	sugar	1288:1292	arg1	genes					1312:1316	sugar transport-related genes	1288:1316	sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT)	1288:1349	After inoculation, the transcript levels of sugar transport-related genes (namely, SUT, SOT, GMT, and UGT) was induced.
24283537	1	66	from	disease	187:193	arg1	area					225:228	the south peach production area	198:228	the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China	198:258	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	2	67	theme	peach	308:312	arg1	shoots					314:319	peach shoots	308:319	peach shoots	308:319	In this study, the carbohydrate composition of peach shoots during infection by Lasiodiplodia theobromae was examined.
24283537	0	68	theme	Lasiodiplodia	73:85	arg1	theobromae					87:96	Lasiodiplodia theobromae	73:96	Lasiodiplodia theobromae	73:96	Carbohydrate metabolism changes in Prunus persica gummosis infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
24283537	6	69	theme	section	836:842	arg1	observation					844:854	section observation	836:854	section observation	836:854	Accumulation of polysaccharides was also observed by section observation and periodic acid Schiff's reagent staining during infection.
24283537	1	70	theme	stone	157:161	arg1	trees					169:173	stone fruit trees	157:173	stone fruit trees	157:173	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	9	71	theme	peach	1523:1527	arg1	gummosis					1529:1536	peach gummosis	1523:1536	peach gummosis	1523:1536	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
24283537	7	72	theme	-D-glucuronate	1094:1107	arg1	UDP					1090:1092	uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose	1069:1145	UDP	1090:1092	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	7	73	theme	key	1025:1027	arg1	transcripts					1029:1039	key transcripts	1025:1039	key transcripts	1025:1039	Analysis using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that the abundance of key transcripts on the synthesis pathway of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-D-glucuronate, UDP-D-galactose, and UDP-D-arabinose increased but the synthesis of L-galactose and guanosine diphosphate-L-galactose were inhibited.
24283537	1	74	theme	fruit	163:167	arg1	trees					169:173	stone fruit trees	157:173	stone fruit trees	157:173	Peach gummosis represents a significant global disease of stone fruit trees and a major disease in the south peach production area of the Yangtze River of China.
24283537	9	75	theme	gene	1399:1402	arg1	expression					1404:1413	gene expression	1399:1413	gene expression	1399:1413	These changes in sugar content and gene expression were directly associated with peach gum polysaccharide formation and may be responsible for the symptoms of peach gummosis.
25190361	0	0	theme	drug	104:107	arg1	formulation					76:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation	24:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug	24:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	8	1	theme	regulated	1414:1422	arg1	release					1424:1430	disintegration regulated release	1399:1430	diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release	1377:1430	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	9	2	theme	stability	1566:1574	arg1	studies					1576:1582	stability studies	1566:1582	stability studies	1566:1582	The optimized composition was evaluated for disintegration, dissolution, XRD, and stability studies.
25190361	2	3	theme	controlled	354:363	arg1	system					373:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	1	4	theme	controlled	238:247	arg1	system					257:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system	213:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water	213:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	0	5	theme	insoluble	94:102	arg1	drug					104:107	an insoluble drug	91:107	an insoluble drug	91:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	1	6	from	water	311:315	arg1	soluble					300:306	soluble	300:306	soluble	300:306	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	2	7	theme	mediated	345:352	arg1	system					373:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	1	8	theme	release	249:255	arg1	system					257:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system	213:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water	213:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	5	9	used	used	695:698	arg2	Povidone					682:689	Povidone	682:689	Povidone	682:689	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	9	used	used	695:698	arg2	carrier					703:709	carrier	703:709	carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC)	703:854	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	9	used	used	695:698	arg2	disintegrant					861:872	a disintegrant	859:872	a disintegrant	859:872	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	10	theme	sodium	817:822	arg1	NaCMC					849:853	NaCMC	849:853	NaCMC	849:853	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	10	theme	sodium	817:822	arg1	cellulose					838:846	sodium carboxymethyl cellulose	817:846	sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC)	817:854	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	1	11	from	soluble	300:306	arg1	water					311:315	water	311:315	water	311:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	5	12	theme	carboxymethyl	824:836	arg1	NaCMC					849:853	NaCMC	849:853	NaCMC	849:853	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	12	theme	carboxymethyl	824:836	arg1	cellulose					838:846	sodium carboxymethyl cellulose	817:846	sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC)	817:854	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	10	13	theme	amorphous	1607:1615	arg1	state					1617:1621	the amorphous state	1603:1621	the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL	1603:1663	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	7	14	theme	dissolution	1019:1029	arg1	pattern					1031:1037	a dissolution pattern	1017:1037	a dissolution pattern which was equivalent to the predicted curve, ascertaining that the optimal formulation could be accomplished with EVMD	1017:1156	The optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern which was equivalent to the predicted curve, ascertaining that the optimal formulation could be accomplished with EVMD.
25190361	7	14	theme	dissolution	1019:1029	arg1	equivalent					1049:1058	equivalent	1049:1058	equivalent	1049:1058	The optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern which was equivalent to the predicted curve, ascertaining that the optimal formulation could be accomplished with EVMD.
25190361	6	15	theme	developed	959:967	arg1	composition					969:979	the designed and developed composition	942:979	the designed and developed composition	942:979	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	10	16	theme	CIL	1661:1663	arg1	state					1617:1621	the amorphous state	1603:1621	the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL	1603:1663	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	10	16	theme	CIL	1661:1663	arg1	profile					1650:1656	the dissolution profile	1634:1656	the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL	1603:1663	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	8	17	theme	CIL	1182:1184	arg1	profile					1171:1177	The release profile	1159:1177	The release profile of CIL	1159:1184	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	5	18	theme	drying	739:744	arg1	technique					746:754	spray drying technique	733:754	spray drying technique	733:754	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	18	theme	drying	739:744	arg1	dispersion					721:730	solid dispersion	715:730	solid dispersion (spray drying technique)	715:755	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	7	19	theme	predicted	1067:1075	arg1	curve					1077:1081	the predicted curve	1063:1081	the predicted curve	1063:1081	The optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern which was equivalent to the predicted curve, ascertaining that the optimal formulation could be accomplished with EVMD.
25190361	5	20	theme	spray	733:737	arg1	technique					746:754	spray drying technique	733:754	spray drying technique	733:754	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	20	theme	spray	733:737	arg1	dispersion					721:730	solid dispersion	715:730	solid dispersion (spray drying technique)	715:755	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	7	21	theme	optimal	1106:1112	arg1	formulation					1114:1124	the optimal formulation	1102:1124	the optimal formulation	1102:1124	The optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern which was equivalent to the predicted curve, ascertaining that the optimal formulation could be accomplished with EVMD.
25190361	8	22	theme	release	1163:1169	arg1	profile					1171:1177	The release profile	1159:1177	The release profile of CIL	1159:1184	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	6	23	theme	extreme	879:885	arg1	EVMD					912:915	EVMD	912:915	EVMD	912:915	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	6	23	theme	extreme	879:885	arg1	design					904:909	The extreme vertices mixture design	875:909	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD)	875:916	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	9	24	theme	optimized	1488:1496	arg1	composition					1498:1508	The optimized composition	1484:1508	The optimized composition	1484:1508	The optimized composition was evaluated for disintegration, dissolution, XRD, and stability studies.
25190361	5	25	theme	former	805:810	arg1	wax					794:796	wax	794:796	wax matrix former	794:810	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	26	theme	hydrogenated	758:769	arg1	HVO					786:788	HVO	786:788	HVO	786:788	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	26	theme	hydrogenated	758:769	arg1	oil					781:783	hydrogenated vegetable oil	758:783	hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former	758:810	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	1	27	theme	drug	268:271	arg1	substances					273:282	drug substances	268:282	drug substances that are poorly soluble in water	268:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	10	28	theme	accelerated	1690:1700	arg1	conditions					1702:1711	the accelerated conditions	1686:1711	the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months	1686:1739	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	0	29	theme	release	35:41	arg1	formulation					76:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation	24:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug	24:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	3	30	theme	aqueous	566:572	arg1	solubility					574:583	poor aqueous solubility	561:583	poor aqueous solubility	561:583	For this study, cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, as it exhibits poor aqueous solubility.
25190361	7	31	theme	optimized	986:994	arg1	formulation					996:1006	The optimized formulation	982:1006	The optimized formulation	982:1006	The optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern which was equivalent to the predicted curve, ascertaining that the optimal formulation could be accomplished with EVMD.
25190361	1	32	theme	study	192:196	arg1	objective					174:182	The objective	170:182	The objective of this study	170:196	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	0	33	theme	controlled	24:33	arg1	formulation					76:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation	24:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug	24:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	6	34	theme	vertices	887:894	arg1	EVMD					912:915	EVMD	912:915	EVMD	912:915	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	6	34	theme	vertices	887:894	arg1	design					904:909	The extreme vertices mixture design	875:909	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD)	875:916	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	8	35	theme	drug	1361:1364	arg1	release					1366:1372	drug release	1361:1372	drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release	1361:1430	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	3	36	theme	model	534:538	arg1	cilostazol					497:506	cilostazol	497:506	cilostazol (CIL)	497:512	For this study, cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, as it exhibits poor aqueous solubility.
25190361	3	36	theme	model	534:538	arg1	drug					540:543	the model drug	530:543	the model drug	530:543	For this study, cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, as it exhibits poor aqueous solubility.
25190361	4	37	theme	amorphous	589:597	arg1	dispersion					605:614	An amorphous solid dispersion	586:614	An amorphous solid dispersion	586:614	An amorphous solid dispersion was prepared to assist the drug to attain a supersaturated state.
25190361	0	38	theme	solid	59:63	arg1	formulation					76:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation	24:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug	24:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	4	39	theme	supersaturated	660:673	arg1	state					675:679	a supersaturated state	658:679	a supersaturated state	658:679	An amorphous solid dispersion was prepared to assist the drug to attain a supersaturated state.
25190361	10	40	theme	RH	1725:1726	arg1	conditions					1702:1711	the accelerated conditions	1686:1711	the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months	1686:1739	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	2	41	theme	hydrophilic	459:469	arg1	matrices					471:478	hydrophilic matrices	459:478	hydrophilic matrices	459:478	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	0	42	theme	supersaturating	43:57	arg1	formulation					76:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation	24:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug	24:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	3	43	theme	poor	561:564	arg1	solubility					574:583	poor aqueous solubility	561:583	poor aqueous solubility	561:583	For this study, cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, as it exhibits poor aqueous solubility.
25190361	5	44	theme	vegetable	771:779	arg1	HVO					786:788	HVO	786:788	HVO	786:788	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	44	theme	vegetable	771:779	arg1	oil					781:783	hydrogenated vegetable oil	758:783	hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former	758:810	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	10	45	theme	dissolution	1638:1648	arg1	profile					1650:1656	the dissolution profile	1634:1656	the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL	1603:1663	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	6	46	theme	mixture	896:902	arg1	EVMD					912:915	EVMD	912:915	EVMD	912:915	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	6	46	theme	mixture	896:902	arg1	design					904:909	The extreme vertices mixture design	875:909	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD)	875:916	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	10	47	theme	40°C/75	1716:1722	arg1	%					1723:1723	%	1723:1723	%	1723:1723	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	2	48	theme	disintegration	330:343	arg1	system					373:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	0	49	theme	dispersion	65:74	arg1	formulation					76:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation	24:86	controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug	24:107	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	0	50	theme	in	149:150	arg1	evaluation					158:167	in vitro evaluation	149:167	in vitro evaluation	149:167	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	8	51	theme	supersaturation	1313:1327	arg1	state					1329:1333	the supersaturation state	1309:1333	the supersaturation state of CIL	1309:1340	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	2	52	theme	wax-based	320:328	arg1	system					373:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	8	53	theme	CIL	1338:1340	arg1	state					1329:1333	the supersaturation state	1309:1333	the supersaturation state of CIL	1309:1340	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	10	54	theme	%	1723:1723	arg1	RH					1725:1726	40°C/75% RH	1716:1726	40°C/75% RH	1716:1726	It was found that the amorphous state as well as the dissolution profile of CIL was maintained under the accelerated conditions of 40°C/75% RH for 6 months.
25190361	8	55	theme	better	1223:1228	arg1	model					1217:1221	the Higuchi's model	1203:1221	the Higuchi's model better than zero-order	1203:1244	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	8	56	theme	disintegration	1399:1412	arg1	release					1424:1430	disintegration regulated release	1399:1430	diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release	1377:1430	The release profile of CIL was described by the Higuchi's model better than zero-order, first-order, and Hixson-Crowell's model, which indicated that the supersaturation state of CIL dominated to allow drug release by diffusion rather than disintegration regulated release as is generally observed by Hixson-Crowell's model.
25190361	0	57	dep	in	149:150	arg1	vitro					152:156	vitro	152:156	vitro	152:156	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	1	58	theme	solid	215:219	arg1	system					257:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system	213:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water	213:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	6	59	theme	designed	946:953	arg1	composition					969:979	the designed and developed composition	942:979	the designed and developed composition	942:979	The extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) was applied to optimize the designed and developed composition.
25190361	0	60	dep	mediated	15:22	arg1	design					110:115	design	110:115	design	110:115	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	0	60	dep	mediated	15:22	arg1	evaluation					158:167	in vitro evaluation	149:167	in vitro evaluation	149:167	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	0	60	dep	mediated	15:22	arg1	optimization					131:142	optimization	131:142	optimization	131:142	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	0	60	dep	mediated	15:22	arg1	development					118:128	development	118:128	development	118:128	Disintegration mediated controlled release supersaturating solid dispersion formulation of an insoluble drug: design, development, optimization, and in vitro evaluation.
25190361	4	61	theme	solid	599:603	arg1	dispersion					605:614	An amorphous solid dispersion	586:614	An amorphous solid dispersion	586:614	An amorphous solid dispersion was prepared to assist the drug to attain a supersaturated state.
25190361	1	62	theme	dispersion	221:230	arg1	system					257:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system	213:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water	213:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25190361	5	63	theme	solid	715:719	arg1	technique					746:754	spray drying technique	733:754	spray drying technique	733:754	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	5	63	theme	solid	715:719	arg1	dispersion					721:730	solid dispersion	715:730	solid dispersion (spray drying technique)	715:755	Povidone was used as carrier for solid dispersion (spray drying technique), hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) as wax matrix former, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) as a disintegrant.
25190361	2	64	theme	amorphous	419:427	arg1	drug					429:432	an amorphous drug	416:432	an amorphous drug	416:432	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	2	65	theme	release	365:371	arg1	system					373:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system	318:378	A wax-based disintegration mediated controlled release system was designed based on the fact that an amorphous drug can crystallize out from hydrophilic matrices.
25190361	1	66	theme	based	232:236	arg1	system					257:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system	213:262	a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water	213:315	The objective of this study was to develop a solid dispersion based controlled release system for drug substances that are poorly soluble in water.
25959107	4	0	theme	Sartorius	842:850	arg1	muscle					852:857	Sartorius muscle	842:857	Sartorius muscle	842:857	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	5	1	theme	PM	969:970	arg1	muscle					973:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	13	2	theme	abdominal	2054:2062	arg1	fat					2064:2066	abdominal fat	2054:2066	abdominal fat	2054:2066	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	7	3	theme	acids	1229:1233	arg1	higher					1274:1279	higher	1274:1279	higher	1274:1279	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	3	theme	acids	1229:1233	arg1	percentages					1172:1182	the percentages	1168:1182	the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids	1168:1257	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	2	4	theme	fiber	525:529	arg1	HL					551:552	HL	551:552	HL	551:552	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	4	theme	fiber	525:529	arg1	contents					541:548	high fiber (64 g/kg) contents	520:548	high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL)	520:553	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	7	5	theme	saturated	1187:1195	arg1	acids					1229:1233	saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids	1187:1233	saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	1187:1240	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	5	theme	saturated	1187:1195	arg1	MUFA					1236:1239	MUFA	1236:1239	MUFA	1236:1239	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	12	6	theme	chickens	1975:1982	arg1	muscle					1961:1966	the PM muscle	1954:1966	the PM muscle of fat chickens	1954:1982	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	8	7	theme	feed	1408:1411	arg1	intake					1413:1418	a greater feed intake	1398:1418	a greater feed intake	1398:1418	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	7	8	theme	monounsaturated	1207:1221	arg1	acids					1229:1233	saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids	1187:1233	saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	1187:1240	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	8	theme	monounsaturated	1207:1221	arg1	MUFA					1236:1239	MUFA	1236:1239	MUFA	1236:1239	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	11	9	theme	lean	1762:1765	arg1	line					1767:1770	the lean line	1758:1770	the lean line	1758:1770	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	9	10	theme	lean	1550:1553	arg1	chickens					1555:1562	lean chickens	1550:1562	lean chickens	1550:1562	Fat chickens were heavier than lean chickens at 63 days of age.
25959107	4	11	theme	LL	905:906	arg1	diet					908:911	LL diet	905:911	LL diet	905:911	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	2	12	dep	63	625:626	arg1	to					622:623	to	622:623	to	622:623	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	9	13	theme	age	1578:1580	arg1	days					1570:1573	63 days	1567:1573	63 days of age	1567:1580	Fat chickens were heavier than lean chickens at 63 days of age.
25959107	11	14	theme	oxidative	1682:1690	arg1	lower					1728:1732	lower	1728:1732	lower	1728:1732	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	11	14	theme	oxidative	1682:1690	arg1	activities					1699:1708	The oxidative enzyme activities	1678:1708	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver	1678:1721	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	8	15	theme	daily	1432:1436	arg1	gain					1438:1441	average daily gain	1424:1441	average daily gain	1424:1441	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	1	16	theme	unconventional	159:172	arg1	feedstuffs					174:183	unconventional feedstuffs	159:183	unconventional feedstuffs	159:183	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	14	17	theme	fatty	2210:2214	arg1	composition					2221:2231	the fatty acid composition	2206:2231	the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat	2206:2258	Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed.
25959107	5	18	from	different	1030:1038	arg1	muscle					973:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	6	19	theme	lipid	1103:1107	arg1	contents					1109:1116	lipid contents	1103:1116	lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	1103:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	8	20	contain	had	1394:1396	arg1	line					1389:1392	The fat line	1381:1392	The fat line	1381:1392	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	8	20	contain	had	1394:1396	arg2	gain					1438:1441	average daily gain	1424:1441	average daily gain	1424:1441	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	8	20	contain	had	1394:1396	arg2	intake					1413:1418	a greater feed intake	1398:1418	a greater feed intake	1398:1418	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	2	21	theme	high	498:501	arg1	lipid					503:507	either high lipid	491:507	either high lipid (80 g/kg)	491:517	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	21	theme	high	498:501	arg1	g/kg					513:516	80 g/kg	510:516	80 g/kg	510:516	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	0	22	theme	energy	122:127	arg1	source					129:134	the dietary energy source	110:134	the dietary energy source	110:134	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source.
25959107	8	23	theme	feed	1456:1459	arg1	ratio					1461:1465	feed ratio	1456:1465	feed ratio	1456:1465	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	10	24	theme	lean	1663:1666	arg1	chickens					1668:1675	lean chickens	1663:1675	lean chickens	1663:1675	Their carcass fatness was higher and their muscle yield was lower than those of lean chickens.
25959107	4	25	from	days	865:868	arg1	metabolisms					783:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms	751:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age	751:875	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	4	26	theme	energy	776:781	arg1	metabolisms					783:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms	751:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age	751:875	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	15	27	theme	energy	2438:2443	arg1	source					2445:2450	the dietary energy source	2426:2450	the dietary energy source	2426:2450	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
25959107	4	28	theme	chicken	927:933	arg1	diet					942:945	chicken fed HL diet	927:945	chicken fed HL diet	927:945	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	6	29	theme	abdominal	1144:1152	arg1	fat					1154:1156	abdominal fat	1144:1156	abdominal fat	1144:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	7	30	from	percentages	1172:1182	arg1	lipids					1252:1257	tissue lipids	1245:1257	tissue lipids	1245:1257	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	31	theme	acids	1327:1331	arg1	percentages					1290:1300	percentages	1290:1300	percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)	1290:1338	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	12	32	dep	different	1864:1872	arg1	whereas					1889:1895	whereas	1889:1895	whereas	1889:1895	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	32	dep	different	1864:1872	arg1	content					1848:1854	The hepatic glycogen content	1827:1854	The hepatic glycogen content	1827:1854	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	32	dep	different	1864:1872	arg1	different					1864:1872	different	1864:1872	different	1864:1872	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	2	33	theme	fiber	584:588	arg1	LL					610:611	LL	610:611	LL	610:611	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	33	theme	fiber	584:588	arg1	diets					480:484	isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets	453:484	isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg)	453:577	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	33	theme	fiber	584:588	arg1	contents					600:607	low fiber (21 g/kg) contents	580:607	low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL)	580:612	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	6	34	theme	muscles	1132:1138	arg1	contents					1109:1116	lipid contents	1103:1116	lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	1103:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	11	35	theme	fat	1741:1743	arg1	line					1745:1748	the fat line	1737:1748	the fat line	1737:1748	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	7	36	theme	polyunsaturated	1305:1319	arg1	acids					1327:1331	polyunsaturated fatty acids	1305:1331	polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)	1305:1338	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	36	theme	polyunsaturated	1305:1319	arg1	PUFA					1334:1337	PUFA	1334:1337	PUFA	1334:1337	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	12	37	theme	glycogen	1897:1904	arg1	content					1906:1912	glycogen content	1897:1912	glycogen content	1897:1912	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	38	theme	glycogen	1839:1846	arg1	whereas					1889:1895	whereas	1889:1895	whereas	1889:1895	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	38	theme	glycogen	1839:1846	arg1	content					1848:1854	The hepatic glycogen content	1827:1854	The hepatic glycogen content	1827:1854	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	38	theme	glycogen	1839:1846	arg1	different					1864:1872	different	1864:1872	different	1864:1872	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	6	39	theme	liver	1125:1129	arg1	contents					1109:1116	lipid contents	1103:1116	lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	1103:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	11	40	theme	energy	1797:1802	arg1	metabolism					1804:1813	energy metabolism	1797:1813	energy metabolism in muscles	1797:1824	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	8	41	theme	lean	1508:1511	arg1	line					1513:1516	the lean line	1504:1516	the lean line	1504:1516	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	11	42	theme	enzyme	1692:1697	arg1	lower					1728:1732	lower	1728:1732	lower	1728:1732	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	11	42	theme	enzyme	1692:1697	arg1	activities					1699:1708	The oxidative enzyme activities	1678:1708	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver	1678:1721	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	5	43	theme	major	962:966	arg1	muscle					973:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	2	44	theme	isocaloric	453:462	arg1	diets					480:484	isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets	453:484	isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg)	453:577	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	44	theme	isocaloric	453:462	arg1	contents					600:607	low fiber (21 g/kg) contents	580:607	low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL)	580:612	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	45	theme	chickens	340:347	arg1	responses					303:311	the responses	299:311	the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets	299:362	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	13	46	theme	Lipid	2013:2017	arg1	contents					2019:2026	Lipid contents	2013:2026	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	2013:2066	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	2	47	theme	experimental	378:389	arg1	lines					391:395	two experimental lines	374:395	two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content	374:442	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	48	theme	low	559:561	arg1	lipid					563:567	low lipid	559:567	low lipid (20 g/kg)	559:577	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	48	theme	low	559:561	arg1	g/kg					573:576	20 g/kg	570:576	20 g/kg	570:576	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	5	49	theme	Pectoralis	951:960	arg1	muscle					973:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	Pectoralis major (PM) muscle	951:978	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	7	50	theme	diet	1372:1375	arg1	HL					1377:1378	diet HL	1372:1378	diet HL	1372:1378	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	2	51	theme	fat	432:434	arg1	content					436:442	abdominal fat content	422:442	abdominal fat content	422:442	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	0	52	theme	lean	27:30	arg1	chickens					52:59	genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens	15:59	genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens	15:59	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source.
25959107	1	53	theme	dietary	264:270	arg1	source					279:284	the main dietary energy source	255:284	the main dietary energy source	255:284	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	4	54	theme	glycogen	812:819	arg1	storage					821:827	glycogen storage	812:827	glycogen storage	812:827	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	0	55	theme	chickens	52:59	arg1	ability					4:10	The ability	0:10	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids	0:90	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source.
25959107	3	56	contain	had	650:652	arg1	diet					645:648	The diet	641:648	The diet	641:648	The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age.
25959107	3	56	contain	had	650:652	arg2	effect					657:662	no effect	654:662	no effect	654:662	The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age.
25959107	0	57	theme	fat	35:37	arg1	chickens					52:59	genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens	15:59	genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens	15:59	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source.
25959107	4	58	from	liver	802:806	arg1	liver					832:836	liver	832:836	liver	832:836	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	4	58	from	liver	802:806	arg1	muscle					852:857	Sartorius muscle	842:857	Sartorius muscle	842:857	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	7	59	theme	tissue	1245:1250	arg1	lipids					1252:1257	tissue lipids	1245:1257	tissue lipids	1245:1257	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	3	60	theme	age	746:748	arg1	days					738:741	63 days	735:741	63 days of age	735:748	The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age.
25959107	9	61	theme	Fat	1519:1521	arg1	chickens					1523:1530	Fat chickens	1519:1530	Fat chickens	1519:1530	Fat chickens were heavier than lean chickens at 63 days of age.
25959107	14	62	theme	abdominal	2246:2254	arg1	fat					2256:2258	abdominal fat	2246:2258	abdominal fat	2246:2258	Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed.
25959107	14	63	theme	liver	2236:2240	arg1	composition					2221:2231	the fatty acid composition	2206:2231	the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat	2206:2258	Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed.
25959107	12	64	theme	lean	1998:2001	arg1	chickens					2003:2010	lean chickens	1998:2010	lean chickens	1998:2010	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	15	65	theme	lipids	2341:2346	arg1	lipids					2341:2346	lipids	2341:2346	lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens	2341:2406	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
25959107	15	65	theme	lipids	2341:2346	arg1	amount					2331:2336	the amount	2327:2336	the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens	2327:2406	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
25959107	8	66	theme	fat	1385:1387	arg1	line					1389:1392	The fat line	1381:1392	The fat line	1381:1392	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	7	67	theme	fatty	1223:1227	arg1	acids					1229:1233	saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids	1187:1233	saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA)	1187:1240	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	67	theme	fatty	1223:1227	arg1	MUFA					1236:1239	MUFA	1236:1239	MUFA	1236:1239	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	11	68	from	metabolism	1804:1813	arg1	muscles					1818:1824	muscles	1818:1824	muscles	1818:1824	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	4	69	theme	HL	939:940	arg1	diet					942:945	chicken fed HL diet	927:945	chicken fed HL diet	927:945	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	1	70	theme	starch	235:240	arg1	substitution					219:230	the substitution	215:230	the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source	215:284	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	2	71	theme	high	520:523	arg1	fiber					525:529	high fiber	520:529	high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL)	520:553	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	71	theme	high	520:523	arg1	g/kg					535:538	64 g/kg	532:538	64 g/kg	532:538	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	15	72	theme	dietary	2430:2436	arg1	source					2445:2450	the dietary energy source	2426:2450	the dietary energy source	2426:2450	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
25959107	12	73	theme	fat	1971:1973	arg1	chickens					1975:1982	fat chickens	1971:1982	fat chickens	1971:1982	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	10	74	theme	carcass	1589:1595	arg1	fatness					1597:1603	Their carcass fatness	1583:1603	Their carcass fatness	1583:1603	Their carcass fatness was higher and their muscle yield was lower than those of lean chickens.
25959107	8	75	theme	greater	1400:1406	arg1	intake					1413:1418	a greater feed intake	1398:1418	a greater feed intake	1398:1418	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	1	76	theme	increasing	141:150	arg1	use					152:154	The increasing use	137:154	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets	137:202	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	13	77	theme	abdominal	2149:2157	arg1	fat					2159:2161	abdominal fat	2149:2161	abdominal fat	2149:2161	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	13	78	theme	fat	2102:2104	arg1	chickens					2106:2113	fat chickens	2102:2113	fat chickens	2102:2113	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	14	79	theme	acid	2216:2219	arg1	composition					2221:2231	the fatty acid composition	2206:2231	the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat	2206:2258	Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed.
25959107	15	80	theme	lean	2387:2390	arg1	chickens					2399:2406	lean or fat chickens	2387:2406	lean or fat chickens	2387:2406	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
25959107	8	81	theme	average	1424:1430	arg1	gain					1438:1441	average daily gain	1424:1441	average daily gain	1424:1441	The fat line had a greater feed intake and average daily gain, but gain to feed ratio was lower in that line compared with the lean line.
25959107	1	82	theme	feedstuffs	174:183	arg1	use					152:154	The increasing use	137:154	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets	137:202	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	15	83	theme	fat	2395:2397	arg1	chickens					2399:2406	lean or fat chickens	2387:2406	lean or fat chickens	2387:2406	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
25959107	7	84	theme	diet	1355:1358	arg1	LL					1360:1361	diet LL	1355:1361	diet LL	1355:1361	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	0	85	theme	dietary	114:120	arg1	source					129:134	the dietary energy source	110:134	the dietary energy source	110:134	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source.
25959107	2	86	theme	age	636:638	arg1	days					628:631	22 to 63 days	619:631	22 to 63 days of age	619:638	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	12	87	theme	PM	1958:1959	arg1	muscle					1961:1966	the PM muscle	1954:1966	the PM muscle of fat chickens	1954:1982	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	2	88	theme	low	580:582	arg1	fiber					584:588	low fiber	580:588	low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL)	580:612	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	88	theme	low	580:582	arg1	g/kg					594:597	21 g/kg	591:597	21 g/kg	591:597	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	6	89	theme	dietary-associated	1069:1086	arg1	differences					1088:1098	no dietary-associated differences	1066:1098	no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	1066:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	12	90	theme	glycolytic	1918:1927	arg1	potential					1929:1937	glycolytic potential	1918:1937	glycolytic potential	1918:1937	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	13	91	from	contents	2019:2026	arg1	fat					2064:2066	abdominal fat	2054:2066	abdominal fat	2054:2066	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	13	91	from	contents	2019:2026	arg1	liver					2035:2039	liver	2035:2039	liver	2035:2039	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	13	91	from	contents	2019:2026	arg1	muscles					2042:2048	muscles	2042:2048	muscles	2042:2048	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	10	92	theme	muscle	1626:1631	arg1	yield					1633:1637	their muscle yield	1620:1637	their muscle yield	1620:1637	Their carcass fatness was higher and their muscle yield was lower than those of lean chickens.
25959107	7	93	dep	saturated	1187:1195	arg1	SFA					1198:1200	SFA	1198:1200	SFA	1198:1200	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	3	94	theme	growth	667:672	arg1	performance					674:684	growth performance	667:684	growth performance	667:684	The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age.
25959107	4	95	theme	fed	935:937	arg1	diet					942:945	chicken fed HL diet	927:945	chicken fed HL diet	927:945	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	6	96	theme	fat	1154:1156	arg1	contents					1109:1116	lipid contents	1103:1116	lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	1103:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	7	97	theme	fatty	1321:1325	arg1	acids					1327:1331	polyunsaturated fatty acids	1305:1331	polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)	1305:1338	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	7	97	theme	fatty	1321:1325	arg1	PUFA					1334:1337	PUFA	1334:1337	PUFA	1334:1337	However, the percentages of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in tissue lipids were generally higher, whereas percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lower for diet LL than for diet HL.
25959107	4	98	theme	oxidative	766:774	arg1	metabolisms					783:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms	751:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age	751:875	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	5	99	theme	glycogen	1004:1011	arg1	content					1013:1019	glycogen content	1004:1019	glycogen content	1004:1019	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	5	100	from	muscle	973:978	arg1	different					1030:1038	different	1030:1038	different	1030:1038	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	11	101	from	activities	1699:1708	arg1	liver					1717:1721	the liver	1713:1721	the liver	1713:1721	The oxidative enzyme activities in the liver were lower in the fat line than in the lean line, but line did not affect energy metabolism in muscles.
25959107	13	102	theme	lean	2180:2183	arg1	chickens					2185:2192	lean chickens	2180:2192	lean chickens	2180:2192	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	12	103	theme	hepatic	1831:1837	arg1	whereas					1889:1895	whereas	1889:1895	whereas	1889:1895	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	103	theme	hepatic	1831:1837	arg1	content					1848:1854	The hepatic glycogen content	1827:1854	The hepatic glycogen content	1827:1854	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	12	103	theme	hepatic	1831:1837	arg1	different					1864:1872	different	1864:1872	different	1864:1872	The hepatic glycogen content was not different between lines, whereas glycogen content and glycolytic potential were higher in the PM muscle of fat chickens compared with lean chickens.
25959107	4	104	theme	Glycolytic	751:760	arg1	metabolisms					783:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms	751:793	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age	751:875	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	4	105	from	metabolisms	783:793	arg1	liver					802:806	liver	802:806	liver	802:806	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	4	105	from	metabolisms	783:793	arg1	storage					821:827	glycogen storage	812:827	glycogen storage	812:827	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	3	106	theme	body	705:708	arg1	composition					710:720	body composition	705:720	body composition evaluated at 63 days of age	705:748	The diet had no effect on growth performance and did not affect body composition evaluated at 63 days of age.
25959107	2	107	theme	lines	391:395	arg1	males					365:369	males	365:369	males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content	365:442	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	1	108	theme	main	259:262	arg1	source					279:284	the main dietary energy source	255:284	the main dietary energy source	255:284	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	2	109	theme	lean	335:338	arg1	chickens					340:347	genetically fat or lean chickens	316:347	genetically fat or lean chickens	316:347	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	6	110	from	differences	1088:1098	arg1	contents					1109:1116	lipid contents	1103:1116	lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat	1103:1156	There were no dietary-associated differences in lipid contents of the liver, muscles and abdominal fat.
25959107	2	111	with	diets	480:484	arg1	HL					551:552	HL	551:552	HL	551:552	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	111	with	diets	480:484	arg1	g/kg					513:516	80 g/kg	510:516	80 g/kg	510:516	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	111	with	diets	480:484	arg1	g/kg					573:576	20 g/kg	570:576	20 g/kg	570:576	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	111	with	diets	480:484	arg1	contents					541:548	high fiber (64 g/kg) contents	520:548	high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL)	520:553	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	111	with	diets	480:484	arg1	lipid					503:507	either high lipid	491:507	either high lipid (80 g/kg)	491:517	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	2	111	with	diets	480:484	arg1	lipid					563:567	low lipid	559:567	low lipid (20 g/kg)	559:577	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	13	112	dep	less	2122:2125	arg1	PUFA					2141:2144	MUFA and more PUFA	2127:2144	MUFA and more PUFA	2127:2144	Lipid contents in the liver, muscles and abdominal fat did not differ between lines, but fat chickens stored less MUFA and more PUFA in abdominal fat and muscles than lean chickens.
25959107	4	113	from	storage	821:827	arg1	liver					832:836	liver	832:836	liver	832:836	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	4	113	from	storage	821:827	arg1	muscle					852:857	Sartorius muscle	842:857	Sartorius muscle	842:857	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	2	114	theme	abdominal	422:430	arg1	content					436:442	abdominal fat content	422:442	abdominal fat content	422:442	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	0	115	theme	slow-growing	39:50	arg1	chickens					52:59	genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens	15:59	genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens	15:59	The ability of genetically lean or fat slow-growing chickens to synthesize and store lipids is not altered by the dietary energy source.
25959107	1	116	theme	energy	272:277	arg1	source					279:284	the main dietary energy source	255:284	the main dietary energy source	255:284	The increasing use of unconventional feedstuffs in chicken's diets results in the substitution of starch by lipids as the main dietary energy source.
25959107	2	117	dep	isocaloric	453:462	arg1	isonitrogenous					465:478	isonitrogenous	465:478	isonitrogenous	465:478	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	14	118	theme	fat	2256:2258	arg1	composition					2221:2231	the fatty acid composition	2206:2231	the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat	2206:2258	Except for the fatty acid composition of liver and abdominal fat, no interaction between line and diet was observed.
25959107	5	119	theme	energy	981:986	arg1	metabolisms					988:998	energy metabolisms	981:998	energy metabolisms	981:998	In Pectoralis major (PM) muscle, energy metabolisms and glycogen content were not different between diets.
25959107	4	120	theme	age	873:875	arg1	days					865:868	63 days	862:868	63 days of age	862:875	Glycolytic and oxidative energy metabolisms in the liver and glycogen storage in liver and Sartorius muscle at 63 days of age were greater in chicken fed LL diet compared with chicken fed HL diet.
25959107	2	121	theme	fat	328:330	arg1	chickens					340:347	genetically fat or lean chickens	316:347	genetically fat or lean chickens	316:347	To evaluate the responses of genetically fat or lean chickens to these diets, males of two experimental lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content were fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets with either high lipid (80 g/kg), high fiber (64 g/kg) contents (HL), or low lipid (20 g/kg), low fiber (21 g/kg) contents (LL) from 22 to 63 days of age.
25959107	15	122	theme	fatty	2370:2374	arg1	tissues					2376:2382	fatty tissues	2370:2382	fatty tissues	2370:2382	In conclusion, the amount of lipids stored in muscles and fatty tissues by lean or fat chickens did not depend on the dietary energy source.
24368301	8	0	theme	novel	1129:1133	arg1	binders					1148:1154	novel carbohydrate binders	1129:1154	novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology	1129:1196	We were able to identify novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology.
24368301	6	1	theme	secondary	993:1001	arg1	antibody					1003:1010	a secondary antibody	991:1010	a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore	991:1040	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	10	2	theme	cell	1358:1361	arg1	assay					1374:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	9	3	attach	attached	1252:1259	arg2	carbohydrates					1217:1229	These CLR-binding carbohydrates	1199:1229	These CLR-binding carbohydrates	1199:1229	These CLR-binding carbohydrates were then covalently attached to the model antigen ovalbumin.
24368301	9	3	attach	attached	1252:1259	arg1	ovalbumin					1282:1290	the model antigen ovalbumin	1264:1290	the model antigen ovalbumin	1264:1290	These CLR-binding carbohydrates were then covalently attached to the model antigen ovalbumin.
24368301	4	4	theme	glycan	599:604	arg1	arrays					606:611	glycan arrays	599:611	glycan arrays	599:611	We have developed a screening platform based on glycan arrays to identify immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs.
24368301	1	5	from	structures	284:293	arg1	self-antigens					312:324	self-antigens	312:324	self-antigens	312:324	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	1	5	from	structures	284:293	arg1	pathogens					298:306	pathogens	298:306	pathogens	298:306	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	12	6	theme	Th1	1586:1588	arg1	production					1599:1608	an increased Th1 cytokine production	1573:1608	an increased Th1 cytokine production	1573:1608	The CLR ligands induced an increased Th1 cytokine production in vitro and modulated the humoral response in vivo.
24368301	5	7	theme	comprehensive	675:687	arg1	library					689:695	A comprehensive library	673:695	A comprehensive library of CLRs	673:703	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	1	8	from	receptors	163:171	arg1	immunity					190:197	innate immunity	183:197	innate immunity	183:197	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	12	9	theme	CLR	1553:1555	arg1	ligands					1557:1563	The CLR ligands	1549:1563	The CLR ligands	1549:1563	The CLR ligands induced an increased Th1 cytokine production in vitro and modulated the humoral response in vivo.
24368301	11	10	theme	modulatory	1499:1508	arg1	properties					1510:1519	the immune modulatory properties	1488:1519	the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands	1488:1538	In addition, mice were immunized with these conjugates to analyze the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands in vivo.
24368301	0	11	theme	cell-specific	94:106	arg1	targeting					108:116	cell-specific targeting	94:116	cell-specific targeting	94:116	A platform to screen for C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates and their potential for cell-specific targeting and immune modulation.
24368301	10	12	theme	T	1404:1404	arg1	cells					1406:1410	transgenic T cells	1393:1410	transgenic T cells	1393:1410	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	1	13	theme	carbohydrate	271:282	arg1	structures					284:293	carbohydrate structures	271:293	carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens	271:324	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	8	14	theme	carbohydrate	1135:1146	arg1	binders					1148:1154	novel carbohydrate binders	1129:1154	novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology	1129:1196	We were able to identify novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology.
24368301	10	15	theme	dendritic	1341:1349	arg1	assay					1374:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	10	16	theme	transgenic	1393:1402	arg1	cells					1406:1410	transgenic T cells	1393:1410	transgenic T cells	1393:1410	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	13	17	theme	properties	1826:1835	arg1	evaluation					1752:1761	the evaluation	1748:1761	the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties	1748:1835	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	13	17	theme	properties	1826:1835	arg1	identification					1706:1719	the identification	1702:1719	the identification of CLR ligands	1702:1734	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	5	18	theme	human	861:865	arg1	molecules					872:880	human IgG1 molecules	861:880	human IgG1 molecules	861:880	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	19	theme	respective	760:769	arg1	CLR					771:773	each respective CLR	755:773	each respective CLR	755:773	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	19	theme	respective	760:769	arg1	part					780:783	the part	776:783	the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD)	776:836	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	8	20	theme	CLRs	1159:1162	arg1	binders					1148:1154	novel carbohydrate binders	1129:1154	novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology	1129:1196	We were able to identify novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology.
24368301	5	21	theme	IgG1	867:870	arg1	molecules					872:880	human IgG1 molecules	861:880	human IgG1 molecules	861:880	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	22	theme	molecules	872:880	arg1	fragment					849:856	the Fc fragment	842:856	the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules	842:880	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	3	23	theme	CLR	467:469	arg1	ligands					471:477	CLR ligands	467:477	CLR ligands that can either enhance or modulate the immune response	467:533	Therefore, the identification of CLR ligands that can either enhance or modulate the immune response is of interest.
24368301	5	24	theme	CLR	771:773	arg1	part					747:750	the extracellular part	729:750	the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD),	729:837	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	6	25	theme	fusion	890:895	arg1	proteins					897:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins	883:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins	883:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	7	26	theme	high-throughput	1077:1091	arg1	screening					1093:1101	high-throughput screening	1077:1101	high-throughput screening	1077:1101	Thus, they are valuable tools for high-throughput screening.
24368301	2	27	theme	immune	417:422	arg1	response					424:431	the following immune response	403:431	the following immune response	403:431	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen shapes the following immune response.
24368301	6	28	theme	CLR-Fc	883:888	arg1	proteins					897:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins	883:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins	883:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	7	29	theme	valuable	1058:1065	arg1	they					1049:1052	they	1049:1052	they	1049:1052	Thus, they are valuable tools for high-throughput screening.
24368301	7	29	theme	valuable	1058:1065	arg1	tools					1067:1071	valuable tools	1058:1071	valuable tools for high-throughput screening	1058:1101	Thus, they are valuable tools for high-throughput screening.
24368301	13	30	theme	targeting	1794:1802	arg1	evaluation					1752:1761	the evaluation	1748:1761	the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties	1748:1835	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	13	30	theme	targeting	1794:1802	arg1	identification					1706:1719	the identification	1702:1719	the identification of CLR ligands	1702:1734	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	2	31	theme	following	407:415	arg1	response					424:431	the following immune response	403:431	the following immune response	403:431	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen shapes the following immune response.
24368301	4	32	theme	screening	571:579	arg1	platform					581:588	a screening platform	569:588	a screening platform based on glycan arrays	569:611	We have developed a screening platform based on glycan arrays to identify immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs.
24368301	2	33	theme	primary	331:337	arg1	interaction					339:349	The primary interaction	327:349	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen	327:394	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen shapes the following immune response.
24368301	13	34	theme	immune	1808:1813	arg1	properties					1826:1835	immune modulatory properties	1808:1835	immune modulatory properties	1808:1835	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	1	35	theme	innate	183:188	arg1	immunity					190:197	innate immunity	183:197	innate immunity	183:197	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	8	36	theme	array	1181:1185	arg1	technology					1187:1196	the glycan array technology	1170:1196	the glycan array technology	1170:1196	We were able to identify novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology.
24368301	12	37	theme	cytokine	1590:1597	arg1	production					1599:1608	an increased Th1 cytokine production	1573:1608	an increased Th1 cytokine production	1573:1608	The CLR ligands induced an increased Th1 cytokine production in vitro and modulated the humoral response in vivo.
24368301	6	38	gly	glycosylated	954:965	arg1	proteins					897:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins	883:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins	883:904	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	13	39	theme	modulatory	1815:1824	arg1	properties					1826:1835	immune modulatory properties	1808:1835	immune modulatory properties	1808:1835	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	8	40	theme	glycan	1174:1179	arg1	technology					1187:1196	the glycan array technology	1170:1196	the glycan array technology	1170:1196	We were able to identify novel carbohydrate binders of CLRs using the glycan array technology.
24368301	0	41	theme	immune	122:127	arg1	modulation					129:138	immune modulation	122:138	immune modulation	122:138	A platform to screen for C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates and their potential for cell-specific targeting and immune modulation.
24368301	6	42	with	antibody	1003:1010	arg1	fluorophore					1030:1040	a conjugated fluorophore	1017:1040	a conjugated fluorophore	1017:1040	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	12	43	theme	humoral	1637:1643	arg1	response					1645:1652	the humoral response	1633:1652	the humoral response	1633:1652	The CLR ligands induced an increased Th1 cytokine production in vitro and modulated the humoral response in vivo.
24368301	5	44	theme	Fc	846:847	arg1	fragment					849:856	the Fc fragment	842:856	the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules	842:880	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	0	45	theme	C-type	25:30	arg1	carbohydrates					56:68	C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates	25:68	C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates	25:68	A platform to screen for C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates and their potential for cell-specific targeting and immune modulation.
24368301	3	46	theme	immune	519:524	arg1	response					526:533	the immune response	515:533	the immune response	515:533	Therefore, the identification of CLR ligands that can either enhance or modulate the immune response is of interest.
24368301	5	47	theme	extracellular	733:745	arg1	part					747:750	the extracellular part	729:750	the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD),	729:837	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	10	48	theme	ovalbumin	1297:1305	arg1	neoglycoconjugates					1307:1324	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates	1293:1324	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates	1293:1324	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	6	49	theme	conjugated	1019:1028	arg1	fluorophore					1030:1040	a conjugated fluorophore	1017:1040	a conjugated fluorophore	1017:1040	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	5	50	theme	carbohydrate-recognition	800:823	arg1	domain					825:830	the carbohydrate-recognition domain	796:830	the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD)	796:836	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	50	theme	carbohydrate-recognition	800:823	arg1	CRD					833:835	CRD	833:835	CRD	833:835	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	13	51	theme	CLR	1724:1726	arg1	ligands					1728:1734	CLR ligands	1724:1734	CLR ligands	1724:1734	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	11	52	theme	ligands	1532:1538	arg1	properties					1510:1519	the immune modulatory properties	1488:1519	the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands	1488:1538	In addition, mice were immunized with these conjugates to analyze the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands in vivo.
24368301	4	53	theme	carbohydrate	643:654	arg1	ligands					656:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands	625:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs	625:670	We have developed a screening platform based on glycan arrays to identify immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs.
24368301	10	54	theme	cell/T	1351:1356	arg1	assay					1374:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	4	55	theme	CLRs	667:670	arg1	ligands					656:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands	625:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs	625:670	We have developed a screening platform based on glycan arrays to identify immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs.
24368301	0	56	theme	receptor-binding	39:54	arg1	carbohydrates					56:68	C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates	25:68	C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates	25:68	A platform to screen for C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates and their potential for cell-specific targeting and immune modulation.
24368301	5	57	theme	CLRs	700:703	arg1	library					689:695	A comprehensive library	673:695	A comprehensive library of CLRs	673:703	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	13	58	theme	cell-specific	1780:1792	arg1	targeting					1794:1802	each ligand's cell-specific targeting	1766:1802	each ligand's cell-specific targeting	1766:1802	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	9	59	theme	CLR-binding	1205:1215	arg1	carbohydrates					1217:1229	These CLR-binding carbohydrates	1199:1229	These CLR-binding carbohydrates	1199:1229	These CLR-binding carbohydrates were then covalently attached to the model antigen ovalbumin.
24368301	2	60	theme	cell	376:379	arg1	interaction					339:349	The primary interaction	327:349	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen	327:394	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen shapes the following immune response.
24368301	0	61	theme	lectin	32:37	arg1	carbohydrates					56:68	C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates	25:68	C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates	25:68	A platform to screen for C-type lectin receptor-binding carbohydrates and their potential for cell-specific targeting and immune modulation.
24368301	10	62	used	used	1331:1334	arg2	neoglycoconjugates					1307:1324	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates	1293:1324	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates	1293:1324	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	9	63	theme	antigen	1274:1280	arg1	ovalbumin					1282:1290	the model antigen ovalbumin	1264:1290	the model antigen ovalbumin	1264:1290	These CLR-binding carbohydrates were then covalently attached to the model antigen ovalbumin.
24368301	1	64	theme	lectin	156:161	arg1	CLRs					174:177	CLRs	174:177	CLRs	174:177	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	1	64	theme	lectin	156:161	arg1	receptors					163:171	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors	141:171	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity	141:197	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	2	65	theme	antigen-presenting	357:374	arg1	cell					376:379	an antigen-presenting cell	354:379	an antigen-presenting cell	354:379	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen shapes the following immune response.
24368301	6	66	theme	dimeric	927:933	arg1	form					935:938	a dimeric form	925:938	a dimeric form	925:938	CLR-Fc fusion proteins display the CRD in a dimeric form, are properly glycosylated, and can be detected by a secondary antibody with a conjugated fluorophore.
24368301	11	67	theme	CLR	1528:1530	arg1	ligands					1532:1538	the CLR ligands	1524:1538	the CLR ligands	1524:1538	In addition, mice were immunized with these conjugates to analyze the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands in vivo.
24368301	11	68	theme	immune	1492:1497	arg1	properties					1510:1519	the immune modulatory properties	1488:1519	the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands	1488:1538	In addition, mice were immunized with these conjugates to analyze the immune modulatory properties of the CLR ligands in vivo.
24368301	4	69	theme	immune	625:630	arg1	ligands					656:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands	625:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs	625:670	We have developed a screening platform based on glycan arrays to identify immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs.
24368301	1	70	theme	Myeloid	141:147	arg1	CLRs					174:177	CLRs	174:177	CLRs	174:177	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	1	70	theme	Myeloid	141:147	arg1	receptors					163:171	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors	141:171	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity	141:197	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	12	71	theme	increased	1576:1584	arg1	production					1599:1608	an increased Th1 cytokine production	1573:1608	an increased Th1 cytokine production	1573:1608	The CLR ligands induced an increased Th1 cytokine production in vitro and modulated the humoral response in vivo.
24368301	1	72	theme	pattern	226:232	arg1	receptors					246:254	pattern recognition receptors	226:254	pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens	226:324	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	9	73	theme	model	1268:1272	arg1	ovalbumin					1282:1290	the model antigen ovalbumin	1264:1290	the model antigen ovalbumin	1264:1290	These CLR-binding carbohydrates were then covalently attached to the model antigen ovalbumin.
24368301	1	74	theme	C-type	149:154	arg1	CLRs					174:177	CLRs	174:177	CLRs	174:177	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	1	74	theme	C-type	149:154	arg1	receptors					163:171	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors	141:171	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity	141:197	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	3	75	theme	ligands	471:477	arg1	identification					449:462	the identification	445:462	the identification of CLR ligands that can either enhance or modulate the immune response	445:533	Therefore, the identification of CLR ligands that can either enhance or modulate the immune response is of interest.
24368301	1	76	theme	recognition	234:244	arg1	receptors					246:254	pattern recognition receptors	226:254	pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens	226:324	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
24368301	13	77	theme	ligands	1728:1734	arg1	evaluation					1752:1761	the evaluation	1748:1761	the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties	1748:1835	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	13	77	theme	ligands	1728:1734	arg1	identification					1706:1719	the identification	1702:1719	the identification of CLR ligands	1702:1734	The platform described here allows for the identification of CLR ligands, as well as the evaluation of each ligand's cell-specific targeting and immune modulatory properties.
24368301	5	78	contain	containing	785:794	arg1	CLR					771:773	each respective CLR	755:773	each respective CLR	755:773	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	78	contain	containing	785:794	arg1	part					780:783	the part	776:783	the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD)	776:836	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	78	contain	containing	785:794	arg2	CRD					833:835	CRD	833:835	CRD	833:835	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	5	78	contain	containing	785:794	arg2	domain					825:830	the carbohydrate-recognition domain	796:830	the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD)	796:836	A comprehensive library of CLRs was expressed by fusing the extracellular part of each respective CLR, the part containing the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD), to the Fc fragment of human IgG1 molecules.
24368301	4	79	theme	modulatory	632:641	arg1	ligands					656:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands	625:662	immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs	625:670	We have developed a screening platform based on glycan arrays to identify immune modulatory carbohydrate ligands of CLRs.
24368301	10	80	theme	co-culture	1363:1372	arg1	assay					1374:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay	1339:1378	The ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates were used in a dendritic cell/T cell co-culture assay to stimulate transgenic T cells in vitro.
24368301	2	81	theme	pathogen	387:394	arg1	interaction					339:349	The primary interaction	327:349	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen	327:394	The primary interaction of an antigen-presenting cell and a pathogen shapes the following immune response.
24368301	1	82	theme	receptors	246:254	arg1	superfamily					211:221	a superfamily	209:221	a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens	209:324	Myeloid C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) in innate immunity represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that recognize carbohydrate structures on pathogens and self-antigens.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	2+					575:576	2+	575:576	2+	575:576	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	Cd					552:553	Cd	552:553	Cd(2+)	552:557	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	2+					555:556	2+	555:556	2+	555:556	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	Hg					572:573	Hg	572:573	Hg(2+)	572:577	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	amounts					541:547	trace amounts	535:547	trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions	535:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	Pb					560:561	Pb	560:561	Pb(2+)	560:565	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	0	theme	Hg	572:573	arg1	2+					563:564	2+	563:564	2+	563:564	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	2	1	used	used	328:331	arg2	ITO					319:321	ITO	319:321	ITO	319:321	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	1	used	used	328:331	arg2	oxide					312:316	indium tin oxide	301:316	indium tin oxide (ITO)	301:322	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	1	used	used	328:331	arg2	metal					291:295	Silver (Ag) metal	279:295	Silver (Ag) metal	279:295	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	1	2	theme	Optical	147:153	arg1	sensor					199:204	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor	147:204	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	147:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	6	3	theme	ions	1110:1113	arg1	concentration					1081:1093	the increasing concentration	1066:1093	the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions	1066:1113	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	1	4	theme	heavy	227:231	arg1	ions					239:242	heavy metal ions	227:242	heavy metal ions	227:242	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	5	theme	plasmon	63:69	arg1	resonance					71:79	surface plasmon resonance	55:79	surface plasmon resonance	55:79	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	6	6	theme	increasing	1070:1079	arg1	concentration					1081:1093	the increasing concentration	1066:1093	the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions	1066:1113	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	1	7	theme	fibre	155:159	arg1	resonance					177:185	fibre surface plasmon resonance	155:185	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	147:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	1	7	theme	fibre	155:159	arg1	SPR					188:190	SPR	188:190	SPR	188:190	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	1	8	theme	metal	233:237	arg1	ions					239:242	heavy metal ions	227:242	heavy metal ions	227:242	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	9	theme	optical	87:93	arg1	sensor					101:106	optical fibre sensor	87:106	optical fibre sensor	87:106	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	0	10	from	Detection	0:8	arg1	water					46:50	contaminated water	33:50	contaminated water	33:50	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	3	11	theme	wavelength	472:481	arg1	technique					497:505	the wavelength interrogation technique	468:505	the wavelength interrogation technique	468:505	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	1	12	theme	ions	239:242	arg1	detection					214:222	the detection	210:222	the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	210:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	13	from	water	46:50	arg1	Detection					0:8	Detection	0:8	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance	0:79	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	2	14	theme	tin	308:310	arg1	ITO					319:321	ITO	319:321	ITO	319:321	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	14	theme	tin	308:310	arg1	oxide					312:316	indium tin oxide	301:316	indium tin oxide (ITO)	301:322	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	15	theme	chitosan	428:435	arg1	coating					405:411	the coating	401:411	the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite	401:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	3	16	theme	heavy	579:583	arg1	ions					591:594	heavy metal ions	579:594	heavy metal ions	579:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	4	17	theme	metal	691:695	arg1	ions					697:700	heavy metal ions	685:700	heavy metal ions	685:700	Four types of sensing probes are fabricated and characterised for heavy metal ions out of these pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag coated probe is found to be highly sensitive among all other probes.
25053095	1	18	theme	surface	161:167	arg1	resonance					177:185	fibre surface plasmon resonance	155:185	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	147:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	1	18	theme	surface	161:167	arg1	SPR					188:190	SPR	188:190	SPR	188:190	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	19	theme	fibre	95:99	arg1	sensor					101:106	optical fibre sensor	87:106	optical fibre sensor	87:106	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	4	20	theme	heavy	685:689	arg1	ions					697:700	heavy metal ions	685:700	heavy metal ions	685:700	Four types of sensing probes are fabricated and characterised for heavy metal ions out of these pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag coated probe is found to be highly sensitive among all other probes.
25053095	5	21	theme	cadmium	821:827	arg1	ions					829:832	the cadmium ions	817:832	the cadmium ions	817:832	Further, the cadmium ions bind strongly to the sensing surface than other ions and due to this the sensor is highly sensitive for Cd(2+) ions.
25053095	1	22	theme	plasmon	169:175	arg1	resonance					177:185	fibre surface plasmon resonance	155:185	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	147:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	1	22	theme	plasmon	169:175	arg1	SPR					188:190	SPR	188:190	SPR	188:190	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	23	from	ions	25:28	arg1	water					46:50	contaminated water	33:50	contaminated water	33:50	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	2	24	theme	pyrrole	416:422	arg1	coating					405:411	the coating	401:411	the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite	401:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	3	25	theme	interrogation	483:495	arg1	technique					497:505	the wavelength interrogation technique	468:505	the wavelength interrogation technique	468:505	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	1	26	theme	resonance	177:185	arg1	sensor					199:204	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor	147:204	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	147:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	2	27	theme	probe	364:368	arg1	fabrication					341:351	the fabrication	337:351	the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite	337:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	28	theme	Silver	279:284	arg1	metal					291:295	Silver (Ag) metal	279:295	Silver (Ag) metal	279:295	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	0	29	theme	metal	19:23	arg1	ions					25:28	heavy metal ions	13:28	heavy metal ions in contaminated water	13:50	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	1	30	theme	drinking	251:258	arg1	water					260:264	the drinking water	247:264	the drinking water	247:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	31	theme	conducting	114:123	arg1	polymer					125:131	conducting polymer	114:131	conducting polymer	114:131	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	0	32	theme	heavy	13:17	arg1	ions					25:28	heavy metal ions	13:28	heavy metal ions in contaminated water	13:50	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	3	33	theme	metal	585:589	arg1	ions					591:594	heavy metal ions	579:594	heavy metal ions	579:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	2	34	theme	indium	301:306	arg1	ITO					319:321	ITO	319:321	ITO	319:321	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	34	theme	indium	301:306	arg1	oxide					312:316	indium tin oxide	301:316	indium tin oxide (ITO)	301:322	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	6	35	theme	metal	1020:1024	arg1	ions					1026:1029	heavy metal ions	1014:1029	heavy metal ions	1014:1029	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	6	36	theme	ions	1026:1029	arg1	concentrations					996:1009	the low concentrations	988:1009	the low concentrations of heavy metal ions	988:1029	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	1	37	theme	based	193:197	arg1	sensor					199:204	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor	147:204	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water	147:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	0	38	theme	ions	25:28	arg1	Detection					0:8	Detection	0:8	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance	0:79	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	4	39	dep	pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag	715:737	arg1	out					702:704	out	702:704	out	702:704	Four types of sensing probes are fabricated and characterised for heavy metal ions out of these pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag coated probe is found to be highly sensitive among all other probes.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	2+					575:576	2+	575:576	2+	575:576	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	Cd					552:553	Cd	552:553	Cd(2+)	552:557	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	2+					555:556	2+	555:556	2+	555:556	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	Hg					572:573	Hg	572:573	Hg(2+)	572:577	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	amounts					541:547	trace amounts	535:547	trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions	535:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	Pb					560:561	Pb	560:561	Pb(2+)	560:565	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	40	theme	Cd	552:553	arg1	2+					563:564	2+	563:564	2+	563:564	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	2	41	theme	SPR	360:362	arg1	probe					364:368	the SPR probe	356:368	the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite	356:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	5	42	dep	bind	834:837	arg1	sensitive					924:932	sensitive	924:932	sensitive	924:932	Further, the cadmium ions bind strongly to the sensing surface than other ions and due to this the sensor is highly sensitive for Cd(2+) ions.
25053095	4	43	theme	other	794:798	arg1	probes					800:805	all other probes	790:805	all other probes	790:805	Four types of sensing probes are fabricated and characterised for heavy metal ions out of these pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag coated probe is found to be highly sensitive among all other probes.
25053095	1	44	from	detection	214:222	arg1	water					260:264	the drinking water	247:264	the drinking water	247:264	Optical fibre surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in the drinking water is designed.
25053095	3	45	theme	contaminated	599:610	arg1	water					612:616	contaminated water	599:616	contaminated water	599:616	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	6	46	theme	heavy	1014:1018	arg1	ions					1026:1029	heavy metal ions	1014:1029	heavy metal ions	1014:1029	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	6	47	theme	heavy	1098:1102	arg1	ions					1110:1113	heavy metal ions	1098:1113	heavy metal ions	1098:1113	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	0	48	theme	contaminated	33:44	arg1	water					46:50	contaminated water	33:50	contaminated water	33:50	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	2	49	mod	modified	387:394	arg1	probe					364:368	the SPR probe	356:368	the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite	356:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	2	49	mod	modified	387:394	arg3	coating					405:411	the coating	401:411	the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite	401:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	6	50	theme	metal	1104:1108	arg1	ions					1110:1113	heavy metal ions	1098:1113	heavy metal ions	1098:1113	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	5	51	theme	other	876:880	arg1	ions					882:885	other ions	876:885	other ions	876:885	Further, the cadmium ions bind strongly to the sensing surface than other ions and due to this the sensor is highly sensitive for Cd(2+) ions.
25053095	4	52	theme	probes	641:646	arg1	types					624:628	Four types	619:628	Four types of sensing probes	619:646	Four types of sensing probes are fabricated and characterised for heavy metal ions out of these pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag coated probe is found to be highly sensitive among all other probes.
25053095	2	53	dep	pyrrole	416:422	arg1	composite					437:445	composite	437:445	composite	437:445	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	4	54	theme	sensing	633:639	arg1	probes					641:646	sensing probes	633:646	sensing probes	633:646	Four types of sensing probes are fabricated and characterised for heavy metal ions out of these pyrrole/chitosan/ITO/Ag coated probe is found to be highly sensitive among all other probes.
25053095	5	55	theme	sensing	855:861	arg1	surface					863:869	the sensing surface	851:869	the sensing surface than other ions	851:885	Further, the cadmium ions bind strongly to the sensing surface than other ions and due to this the sensor is highly sensitive for Cd(2+) ions.
25053095	3	56	dep	Cd	552:553	arg1	ions					591:594	heavy metal ions	579:594	heavy metal ions	579:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	6	57	theme	low	992:994	arg1	concentrations					996:1009	the low concentrations	988:1009	the low concentrations of heavy metal ions	988:1029	The sensor's performance is best for the low concentrations of heavy metal ions and its sensitivity decreases with the increasing concentration of heavy metal ions.
25053095	2	58	theme	Ag	287:288	arg1	metal					291:295	Silver (Ag) metal	279:295	Silver (Ag) metal	279:295	Silver (Ag) metal and indium tin oxide (ITO) are used for the fabrication of the SPR probe which is further modified with the coating of pyrrole and chitosan composite.
25053095	0	59	theme	surface	55:61	arg1	resonance					71:79	surface plasmon resonance	55:79	surface plasmon resonance	55:79	Detection of heavy metal ions in contaminated water by surface plasmon resonance based optical fibre sensor using conducting polymer and chitosan.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	2+					575:576	2+	575:576	2+	575:576	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	Cd					552:553	Cd	552:553	Cd(2+)	552:557	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	2+					555:556	2+	555:556	2+	555:556	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	Hg					572:573	Hg	572:573	Hg(2+)	572:577	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	amounts					541:547	trace amounts	535:547	trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions	535:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	Pb					560:561	Pb	560:561	Pb(2+)	560:565	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	60	theme	Pb	560:561	arg1	2+					563:564	2+	563:564	2+	563:564	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	5	61	theme	Cd	938:939	arg1	ions					945:948	Cd(2+) ions	938:948	Cd(2+) ions	938:948	Further, the cadmium ions bind strongly to the sensing surface than other ions and due to this the sensor is highly sensitive for Cd(2+) ions.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	2+					575:576	2+	575:576	2+	575:576	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	Cd					552:553	Cd	552:553	Cd(2+)	552:557	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	2+					555:556	2+	555:556	2+	555:556	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	Hg					572:573	Hg	572:573	Hg(2+)	572:577	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	amounts					541:547	trace amounts	535:547	trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions	535:594	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	Pb					560:561	Pb	560:561	Pb(2+)	560:565	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
25053095	3	62	theme	trace	535:539	arg1	2+					563:564	2+	563:564	2+	563:564	The sensor works on the wavelength interrogation technique and is capable of detecting trace amounts of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), and Hg(2+) heavy metal ions in contaminated water.
24758832	0	0	theme	cell	69:72	arg1	behavior					74:81	cell behavior	69:81	cell behavior	69:81	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	0	1	from	study	14:18	arg1	type					32:35	collagen type I	23:37	collagen type I	23:37	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	6	2	theme	hydrogel	1262:1269	arg1	materials					1271:1279	hydrogel materials	1262:1279	hydrogel materials	1262:1279	These results suggest that with proper choice of hydrogel materials, bioprinting-based approaches can be successfully applied for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
24758832	6	3	theme	materials	1271:1279	arg1	choice					1252:1257	proper choice	1245:1257	proper choice of hydrogel materials	1245:1279	These results suggest that with proper choice of hydrogel materials, bioprinting-based approaches can be successfully applied for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
24758832	2	4	theme	chondrocytes	358:369	arg1	step					250:253	a first step	242:253	a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	242:312	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	4	theme	chondrocytes	358:369	arg1	behavior					346:353	the behavior	342:353	the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels	342:447	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	3	5	theme	HA	795:796	arg1	hydrogels					798:806	HA hydrogels	795:806	HA hydrogels	795:806	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	6	from	cells	478:482	arg1	hydrogels					487:495	hydrogels	487:495	hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	487:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	7	from	chondrocytes	744:755	arg1	hydrogels					766:774	Col-1 hydrogels	760:774	Col-1 hydrogels	760:774	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	7	from	chondrocytes	744:755	arg1	hydrogels					798:806	HA hydrogels	795:806	HA hydrogels	795:806	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	8	theme	better	659:664	arg1	proliferation					666:678	better proliferation	659:678	better proliferation	659:678	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	2	9	theme	osteochondral	280:292	arg1	regeneration					301:312	bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	262:312	bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	262:312	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	3	10	theme	tissue	533:538	arg1	components					567:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components	520:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	520:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	6	11	theme	tissue	1357:1362	arg1	regeneration					1364:1375	osteochondral tissue regeneration	1343:1375	osteochondral tissue regeneration	1343:1375	These results suggest that with proper choice of hydrogel materials, bioprinting-based approaches can be successfully applied for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
24758832	3	12	theme	major	520:524	arg1	components					567:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components	520:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	520:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	6	13	theme	proper	1245:1250	arg1	choice					1252:1257	proper choice	1245:1257	proper choice of hydrogel materials	1245:1279	These results suggest that with proper choice of hydrogel materials, bioprinting-based approaches can be successfully applied for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
24758832	2	14	theme	bioprinting-based	262:278	arg1	regeneration					301:312	bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	262:312	bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	262:312	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	0	15	theme	tissue	101:106	arg1	bioprinting					108:118	osteochondral tissue bioprinting	87:118	osteochondral tissue bioprinting	87:118	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	5	16	theme	tissue-mimetic	952:965	arg1	structures					967:976	three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures	915:976	three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	915:1088	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	0	17	theme	osteochondral	87:99	arg1	bioprinting					108:118	osteochondral tissue bioprinting	87:118	osteochondral tissue bioprinting	87:118	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	3	18	theme	cell	684:687	arg1	function					689:696	cell function	684:696	cell function	684:696	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	19	from	chondrocytes	584:595	arg1	hydrogels					638:646	Col-1 hydrogels	632:646	Col-1 hydrogels	632:646	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	19	from	chondrocytes	584:595	arg1	hydrogels					603:611	HA hydrogels	600:611	HA hydrogels	600:611	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	1	20	theme	composite	174:182	arg1	tissues					184:190	composite tissues	174:190	composite tissues	174:190	Bioprinting is a promising technique for engineering composite tissues, such as osteochondral tissues.
24758832	1	20	theme	composite	174:182	arg1	tissues					215:221	osteochondral tissues	201:221	osteochondral tissues	201:221	Bioprinting is a promising technique for engineering composite tissues, such as osteochondral tissues.
24758832	0	21	theme	comparative	2:12	arg1	study					14:18	A comparative study	0:18	A comparative study on collagen type I	0:37	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	3	22	dep	chondrocytes	744:755	arg1	i.e.					738:741	i.e.	738:741	i.e.	738:741	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	23	dep	exhibited	649:657	arg1	osteoblasts					780:790	osteoblasts	780:790	osteoblasts	780:790	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	23	dep	exhibited	649:657	arg1	chondrocytes					744:755	chondrocytes	744:755	chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels	744:774	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	24	theme	extracellular	540:552	arg1	components					567:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components	520:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	520:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	2	25	theme	hyaluronic	390:399	arg1	acid					401:404	hyaluronic acid	390:404	hyaluronic acid (HA)	390:409	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	25	theme	hyaluronic	390:399	arg1	HA					407:408	HA	407:408	HA	407:408	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	3	26	theme	ECM	723:725	arg1	hydrogels					727:735	non-native ECM hydrogels	712:735	non-native ECM hydrogels	712:735	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	27	theme	matrix	554:559	arg1	components					567:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components	520:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	520:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	28	dep	components	567:576	arg1	osteoblasts					617:627	osteoblasts	617:627	osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels	617:646	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	28	dep	components	567:576	arg1	chondrocytes					584:595	chondrocytes	584:595	chondrocytes on HA hydrogels	584:611	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	29	from	osteoblasts	780:790	arg1	hydrogels					766:774	Col-1 hydrogels	760:774	Col-1 hydrogels	760:774	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	29	from	osteoblasts	780:790	arg1	hydrogels					798:806	HA hydrogels	795:806	HA hydrogels	795:806	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	30	theme	native	526:531	arg1	components					567:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components	520:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	520:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	2	31	theme	type	415:418	arg1	Col-1					432:436	Col-1	432:436	Col-1	432:436	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	31	theme	type	415:418	arg1	collagen					422:429	type I collagen	415:429	type I collagen (Col-1)	415:437	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	32	theme	I	420:420	arg1	Col-1					432:436	Col-1	432:436	Col-1	432:436	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	32	theme	I	420:420	arg1	collagen					422:429	type I collagen	415:429	type I collagen (Col-1)	415:437	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	5	33	theme	3D	1175:1176	arg1	structures					1178:1187	the 3D structures	1171:1187	the 3D structures	1171:1187	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	5	34	theme	chondrocyte-encapsulated	1052:1075	arg1	hydrogels					1080:1088	chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	1052:1088	chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	1052:1088	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	2	35	theme	tissue	294:299	arg1	regeneration					301:312	bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	262:312	bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	262:312	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	6	36	theme	osteochondral	1343:1355	arg1	regeneration					1364:1375	osteochondral tissue regeneration	1343:1375	osteochondral tissue regeneration	1343:1375	These results suggest that with proper choice of hydrogel materials, bioprinting-based approaches can be successfully applied for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
24758832	3	37	theme	non-native	712:721	arg1	hydrogels					727:735	non-native ECM hydrogels	712:735	non-native ECM hydrogels	712:735	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	38	from	cells	703:707	arg1	hydrogels					727:735	non-native ECM hydrogels	712:735	non-native ECM hydrogels	712:735	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	1	39	theme	osteochondral	201:213	arg1	tissues					215:221	osteochondral tissues	201:221	osteochondral tissues	201:221	Bioprinting is a promising technique for engineering composite tissues, such as osteochondral tissues.
24758832	0	40	theme	collagen	23:30	arg1	type					32:35	collagen type I	23:37	collagen type I	23:37	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	5	41	theme	type	1138:1141	arg1	viability					1101:1109	viability	1101:1109	viability	1101:1109	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	5	41	theme	type	1138:1141	arg1	functions					1115:1123	functions	1115:1123	functions	1115:1123	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	0	42	from	acid	54:57	arg1	type					32:35	collagen type I	23:37	collagen type I	23:37	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	3	43	from	osteoblasts	617:627	arg1	hydrogels					638:646	Col-1 hydrogels	632:646	Col-1 hydrogels	632:646	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	43	from	osteoblasts	617:627	arg1	hydrogels					603:611	HA hydrogels	600:611	HA hydrogels	600:611	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	4	44	theme	native	848:853	arg1	hydrogels					859:867	their native ECM hydrogels	842:867	their native ECM hydrogels	842:867	In addition, cells located near their native ECM hydrogels migrated towards them.
24758832	5	45	theme	Col-1	1032:1036	arg1	hydrogels					1038:1046	osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels	1008:1046	osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels	1008:1046	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	3	46	dep	chondrocytes	584:595	arg1	i.e.					579:582	i.e.	579:582	i.e.	579:582	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	5	47	theme	cell	1133:1136	arg1	type					1138:1141	each cell type	1128:1141	each cell type	1128:1141	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	6	48	theme	bioprinting-based	1282:1298	arg1	approaches					1300:1309	bioprinting-based approaches	1282:1309	bioprinting-based approaches	1282:1309	These results suggest that with proper choice of hydrogel materials, bioprinting-based approaches can be successfully applied for osteochondral tissue regeneration.
24758832	5	49	theme	osteoblast-encapsulated	1008:1030	arg1	hydrogels					1038:1046	osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels	1008:1046	osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels	1008:1046	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	3	50	theme	ECM	562:564	arg1	components					567:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components	520:576	major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels)	520:647	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	3	51	theme	HA	600:601	arg1	hydrogels					603:611	HA hydrogels	600:611	HA hydrogels	600:611	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	5	52	theme	osteochondral	938:950	arg1	structures					967:976	three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures	915:976	three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	915:1088	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	2	53	theme	first	244:248	arg1	step					250:253	a first step	242:253	a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	242:312	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	53	theme	first	244:248	arg1	behavior					346:353	the behavior	342:353	the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels	342:447	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	5	54	dep	three-dimensional	915:931	arg1	3D					934:935	3D	934:935	3D	934:935	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	4	55	theme	ECM	855:857	arg1	hydrogels					859:867	their native ECM hydrogels	842:867	their native ECM hydrogels	842:867	In addition, cells located near their native ECM hydrogels migrated towards them.
24758832	5	56	theme	three-dimensional	915:931	arg1	structures					967:976	three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures	915:976	three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	915:1088	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	5	57	theme	HA	1077:1078	arg1	hydrogels					1080:1088	chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	1052:1088	chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels	1052:1088	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	5	58	dep	days	1198:1201	arg1	up					1189:1190	up	1189:1190	up	1189:1190	Finally, we bioprinted three-dimensional (3D) osteochondral tissue-mimetic structures composed of two compartments, osteoblast-encapsulated Col-1 hydrogels and chondrocyte-encapsulated HA hydrogels, and found viability and functions of each cell type were well maintained within the 3D structures up to 14 days in vitro.
24758832	4	59	theme	located	829:835	arg1	cells					823:827	cells	823:827	cells located near their native ECM hydrogels	823:867	In addition, cells located near their native ECM hydrogels migrated towards them.
24758832	3	60	theme	Col-1	632:636	arg1	hydrogels					638:646	Col-1 hydrogels	632:646	Col-1 hydrogels	632:646	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
24758832	2	61	theme	osteoblasts	375:385	arg1	step					250:253	a first step	242:253	a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration	242:312	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	2	61	theme	osteoblasts	375:385	arg1	behavior					346:353	the behavior	342:353	the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels	342:447	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	0	62	theme	hyaluronic	43:52	arg1	acid					54:57	hyaluronic acid	43:57	hyaluronic acid	43:57	A comparative study on collagen type I and hyaluronic acid dependent cell behavior for osteochondral tissue bioprinting.
24758832	2	63	dep	acid	401:404	arg1	hydrogels					439:447	hydrogels	439:447	hydrogels	439:447	In this study, as a first step toward bioprinting-based osteochondral tissue regeneration, we systematically examined the behavior of chondrocytes and osteoblasts to hyaluronic acid (HA) and type I collagen (Col-1) hydrogels.
24758832	1	64	theme	promising	138:146	arg1	Bioprinting					121:131	Bioprinting	121:131	Bioprinting	121:131	Bioprinting is a promising technique for engineering composite tissues, such as osteochondral tissues.
24758832	1	64	theme	promising	138:146	arg1	technique					148:156	a promising technique	136:156	a promising technique for engineering composite tissues, such as osteochondral tissues	136:221	Bioprinting is a promising technique for engineering composite tissues, such as osteochondral tissues.
24758832	3	65	theme	Col-1	760:764	arg1	hydrogels					766:774	Col-1 hydrogels	760:774	Col-1 hydrogels	760:774	First, we demonstrated that cells on hydrogels that were comprised of major native tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. chondrocytes on HA hydrogels and osteoblasts on Col-1 hydrogels) exhibited better proliferation and cell function than cells on non-native ECM hydrogels (i.e., chondrocytes on Col-1 hydrogels and osteoblasts on HA hydrogels).
28844660	7	0	theme	DPT	1066:1068	arg1	absence					1055:1061	the absence	1051:1061	the absence of DPT	1051:1068	There are likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT.
28844660	2	1	theme	non-collagenous	343:357	arg1	dermatopontin					314:326	dermatopontin	314:326	dermatopontin (DPT)	314:332	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	2	1	theme	non-collagenous	343:357	arg1	protein					363:369	a small non-collagenous ECM protein	335:369	a small non-collagenous ECM protein	335:369	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	5	2	theme	LSK	751:753	arg1	frequencies					815:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	2	3	theme	small	337:341	arg1	dermatopontin					314:326	dermatopontin	314:326	dermatopontin (DPT)	314:332	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	2	3	theme	small	337:341	arg1	protein					363:369	a small non-collagenous ECM protein	335:369	a small non-collagenous ECM protein	335:369	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	4	4	theme	DPT-/-	558:563	arg1	mice					565:568	constitutional DPT-/- mice	543:568	constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	543:642	We generated constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities.
28844660	0	5	theme	Hematopoietic	100:112	arg1	Maintenance					119:129	Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance	93:129	Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance	93:129	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	0	6	from	Dermatopontin	0:12	arg1	Matrix					43:48	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	3	7	theme	stromal	515:521	arg1	cells					523:527	OP9 stromal cells	511:527	OP9 stromal cells	511:527	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	0	8	theme	Murine	93:98	arg1	Maintenance					119:129	Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance	93:129	Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance	93:129	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	7	9	theme	cellular	963:970	arg1	mechanisms					981:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms	944:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT	944:1068	There are likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT.
28844660	2	10	theme	mass	286:289	arg1	spectrometry					291:302	mass spectrometry	286:302	mass spectrometry	286:302	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	3	11	theme	cell	465:468	arg1	in vitro					480:487	hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro	451:487	hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells	451:527	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	5	12	theme	LSK-SLAM	785:792	arg1	frequencies					815:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	1	13	theme	multiple	189:196	arg1	types					203:207	multiple cell types	189:207	multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM)	189:249	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	0	14	theme	Cell	114:117	arg1	Maintenance					119:129	Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance	93:129	Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance	93:129	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	3	15	theme	OP9	511:513	arg1	cells					523:527	OP9 stromal cells	511:527	OP9 stromal cells	511:527	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	1	16	theme	cell	198:201	arg1	types					203:207	multiple cell types	189:207	multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM)	189:249	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	7	17	theme	hematopoietic	1028:1040	arg1	niche					1042:1046	the hematopoietic niche	1024:1046	the hematopoietic niche	1024:1046	There are likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT.
28844660	5	18	dep	LSK	751:753	arg1	KIT+					774:777	KIT+	774:777	KIT+	774:777	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	18	dep	LSK	751:753	arg1	SCA-1+					766:771	SCA-1+	766:771	SCA-1+	766:771	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	18	dep	LSK	751:753	arg1	Lineage-					756:763	Lineage-	756:763	Lineage-	756:763	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	6	19	theme	steady-state	898:909	arg1	hematopoiesis					911:923	steady-state hematopoiesis in vivo	898:931	steady-state hematopoiesis in vivo	898:931	These data suggest that DPT fosters adherence but is not required for steady-state hematopoiesis in vivo.
28844660	1	20	theme	embedded	209:216	arg1	types					203:207	multiple cell types	189:207	multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM)	189:249	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	0	21	theme	Marrow	22:27	arg1	Matrix					43:48	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	5	22	theme	DPT-/-	692:697	arg1	mice					699:702	wild-type and DPT-/- mice	678:702	wild-type and DPT-/- mice	678:702	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	3	23	from	in vitro	480:487	arg1	plastic					492:498	plastic	492:498	plastic	492:498	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	3	23	from	in vitro	480:487	arg1	cells					523:527	OP9 stromal cells	511:527	OP9 stromal cells	511:527	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	4	24	theme	lympho-hematopoietic	609:628	arg1	abnormalities					630:642	no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	595:642	no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	595:642	We generated constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities.
28844660	0	25	theme	Bone	17:20	arg1	Marrow					22:27	Bone Marrow	17:27	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	4	26	theme	constitutional	543:556	arg1	mice					565:568	constitutional DPT-/- mice	543:568	constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	543:642	We generated constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities.
28844660	5	27	theme	mice	699:702	arg1	marrow					668:673	the marrow	664:673	the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice	664:702	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	4	28	theme	peripheral	598:607	arg1	abnormalities					630:642	no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	595:642	no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	595:642	We generated constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities.
28844660	3	29	theme	ECM	427:429	arg1	proteins					431:438	other ECM proteins	421:438	other ECM proteins	421:438	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	1	30	theme	extracellular	224:236	arg1	ECM					246:248	ECM	246:248	ECM	246:248	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	1	30	theme	extracellular	224:236	arg1	matrix					238:243	an extracellular matrix	221:243	an extracellular matrix (ECM)	221:249	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	0	31	theme	Extracellular	29:41	arg1	Matrix					43:48	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix	17:48	Dermatopontin in Bone Marrow Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adherence but Is Dispensable for Murine Hematopoietic Cell Maintenance.
28844660	5	32	from	equivalent	708:717	arg1	terms					722:726	terms	722:726	terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	722:825	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	7	33	theme	overlapping	951:961	arg1	mechanisms					981:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms	944:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT	944:1068	There are likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT.
28844660	5	34	theme	cellularity	731:741	arg1	frequencies					815:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	35	theme	marrow	668:673	arg1	composition					649:659	The composition	645:659	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice	645:702	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	35	theme	marrow	668:673	arg1	equivalent					708:717	equivalent	708:717	equivalent	708:717	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	36	from	terms	722:726	arg1	composition					649:659	The composition	645:659	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice	645:702	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	36	from	terms	722:726	arg1	equivalent					708:717	equivalent	708:717	equivalent	708:717	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	1	37	from	matrix	238:243	arg1	embedded					209:216	embedded	209:216	embedded	209:216	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	3	38	theme	adherence	470:478	arg1	in vitro					480:487	hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro	451:487	hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells	451:527	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	7	39	theme	adhesion	972:979	arg1	mechanisms					981:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms	944:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT	944:1068	There are likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT.
28844660	5	40	theme	wild-type	678:686	arg1	mice					699:702	wild-type and DPT-/- mice	678:702	wild-type and DPT-/- mice	678:702	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	4	41	contain	had	591:593	arg1	mice					565:568	constitutional DPT-/- mice	543:568	constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	543:642	We generated constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities.
28844660	4	41	contain	had	591:593	arg2	abnormalities					630:642	no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	595:642	no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities	595:642	We generated constitutional DPT-/- mice that were viable and had no peripheral lympho-hematopoietic abnormalities.
28844660	2	42	theme	marrow	269:274	arg1	ECM					276:278	marrow ECM	269:278	marrow ECM	269:278	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	7	43	theme	likely	944:949	arg1	mechanisms					981:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms	944:990	likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT	944:1068	There are likely overlapping cellular adhesion mechanisms that can compensate to maintain the hematopoietic niche in the absence of DPT.
28844660	1	44	theme	hematopoietic	136:148	arg1	microenvironment					157:172	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment	132:172	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment	132:172	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	1	45	theme	marrow	150:155	arg1	microenvironment					157:172	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment	132:172	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment	132:172	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	3	46	theme	hematopoietic	451:463	arg1	in vitro					480:487	hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro	451:487	hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells	451:527	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	1	47	from	embedded	209:216	arg1	ECM					246:248	ECM	246:248	ECM	246:248	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	1	47	from	embedded	209:216	arg1	matrix					238:243	an extracellular matrix	221:243	an extracellular matrix (ECM)	221:249	The hematopoietic marrow microenvironment is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM).
28844660	5	48	theme	frequencies	815:825	arg1	terms					722:726	terms	722:726	terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	722:825	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	3	49	theme	other	421:425	arg1	proteins					431:438	other ECM proteins	421:438	other ECM proteins	421:438	We found that DPT cooperates with other ECM proteins to promote hematopoietic cell adherence in vitro on plastic as well as OP9 stromal cells.
28844660	5	50	theme	CFU-C	744:748	arg1	frequencies					815:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies	731:825	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	51	dep	LSK-SLAM	785:792	arg1	CD48-					800:804	CD48-	800:804	CD48-	800:804	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	51	dep	LSK-SLAM	785:792	arg1	LSK					795:797	LSK	795:797	LSK	795:797	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	5	51	dep	LSK-SLAM	785:792	arg1	CD150+					807:812	CD150+	807:812	CD150+	807:812	The composition of the marrow of wild-type and DPT-/- mice was equivalent in terms of cellularity, CFU-C, LSK (Lineage-, SCA-1+, KIT+), and LSK-SLAM (LSK, CD48-, CD150+) frequencies.
28844660	2	52	theme	ECM	359:361	arg1	dermatopontin					314:326	dermatopontin	314:326	dermatopontin (DPT)	314:332	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28844660	2	52	theme	ECM	359:361	arg1	protein					363:369	a small non-collagenous ECM protein	335:369	a small non-collagenous ECM protein	335:369	We have explored marrow ECM using mass spectrometry and found dermatopontin (DPT), a small non-collagenous ECM protein, to be present.
28387965	9	0	from	fragments	1440:1448	arg1	pH					1468:1469	a pH	1466:1469	a pH of 10	1466:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	5	1	theme	Parametric	915:924	arg1	Model					926:930	semiempirical Parametric Model 3	901:932	semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3)	901:938	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	5	1	theme	Parametric	915:924	arg1	PM3					935:937	PM3	935:937	PM3	935:937	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	5	2	used	used	882:885	arg2	methodology					866:876	a sequential methodology	853:876	a sequential methodology	853:876	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	1	3	theme	effective	181:189	arg1	technique					191:199	an extremely effective technique	168:199	an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers	168:265	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	3	theme	effective	181:189	arg1	electrophoresis					144:158	Capillary electrophoresis	134:158	Capillary electrophoresis (CE)	134:163	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	9	4	theme	10	1474:1475	arg1	pH					1468:1469	a pH	1466:1469	a pH of 10	1466:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	6	5	theme	best	1015:1018	arg1	selector					1123:1130	chiral selector	1116:1130	chiral selector	1116:1130	The best results were obtained with sulfated-β-CD (s-β-CD) and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (cm-β-CD) as chiral selector.
28387965	6	5	theme	best	1015:1018	arg1	results					1020:1026	The best results	1011:1026	The best results	1011:1026	The best results were obtained with sulfated-β-CD (s-β-CD) and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (cm-β-CD) as chiral selector.
28387965	6	6	theme	chiral	1116:1121	arg1	selector					1123:1130	chiral selector	1116:1130	chiral selector	1116:1130	The best results were obtained with sulfated-β-CD (s-β-CD) and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (cm-β-CD) as chiral selector.
28387965	6	6	theme	chiral	1116:1121	arg1	results					1020:1026	The best results	1011:1026	The best results	1011:1026	The best results were obtained with sulfated-β-CD (s-β-CD) and carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (cm-β-CD) as chiral selector.
28387965	10	7	theme	system	1787:1792	arg1	sense					1774:1778	a sense	1772:1778	a sense of the system at a molecular level	1772:1813	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	3	8	theme	tramadol	559:566	arg1	mixture					517:523	racemic mixture	509:523	racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM)	509:572	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	9	9	theme	process	1534:1540	arg1	fragments					1440:1448	the fragments	1436:1448	the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10	1436:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	9	9	theme	process	1534:1540	arg1	analysis					1497:1504	a thermodynamic analysis	1481:1504	a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1481:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	0	10	theme	modified	108:115	arg1	β-cyclodextrins					117:131	modified β-cyclodextrins	108:131	modified β-cyclodextrins	108:131	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order using modified β-cyclodextrins.
28387965	9	11	theme	thermodynamic	1483:1495	arg1	analysis					1497:1504	a thermodynamic analysis	1481:1504	a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1481:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	9	12	theme	formation	1524:1532	arg1	process					1534:1540	the complexes' formation process	1509:1540	the complexes' formation process	1509:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	9	13	from	analysis	1497:1504	arg1	pH					1468:1469	a pH	1466:1469	a pH of 10	1466:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	5	14	theme	density	984:990	arg1	theory					1003:1008	density functional theory	984:1008	density functional theory	984:1008	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	8	15	theme	recognition	1289:1299	arg1	process					1301:1307	the chiral recognition process	1278:1307	the chiral recognition process	1278:1307	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	7	16	theme	due	1203:1205	arg1	inclusion					1160:1168	the inclusion	1156:1168	the inclusion of TRM	1156:1175	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	7	16	theme	due	1203:1205	arg1	process					1195:1201	a probable process	1184:1201	a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities	1184:1264	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	4	17	theme	background	741:750	arg1	BGE					765:767	BGE	765:767	BGE	765:767	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	17	theme	background	741:750	arg1	electrolyte					752:762	background electrolyte	741:762	background electrolyte (BGE)	741:768	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	3	18	with	enantioseparation	488:504	arg1	mechanisms					654:663	the responsible mechanisms	638:663	the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction	638:686	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	3	18	with	enantioseparation	488:504	arg1	contribution					595:606	a computational contribution	579:606	a computational contribution for the EMO determination	579:632	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	3	19	theme	S-stereoisomers	540:554	arg1	mixture					517:523	racemic mixture	509:523	racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM)	509:572	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	1	20	theme	many	204:207	arg1	separation					241:250	separation	241:250	separation of enantiomers	241:265	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	20	theme	many	204:207	arg1	kinds					209:213	many kinds	204:213	many kinds	204:213	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	10	21	theme	developed	1651:1659	arg1	adequate					1671:1678	adequate	1671:1678	adequate	1671:1678	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	10	21	theme	developed	1651:1659	arg1	method					1661:1666	the developed method	1647:1666	the developed method	1647:1666	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	7	22	theme	TRM	1173:1175	arg1	inclusion					1160:1168	the inclusion	1156:1168	the inclusion of TRM	1156:1175	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	7	22	theme	TRM	1173:1175	arg1	process					1195:1201	a probable process	1184:1201	a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities	1184:1264	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	8	23	theme	complexes	1348:1356	arg1	formation					1323:1331	the formation	1319:1331	the formation of association complexes	1319:1356	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	9	24	theme	fragments	1440:1448	arg1	analysis					1424:1431	The structural analysis	1409:1431	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1409:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	7	25	theme	probable	1186:1193	arg1	inclusion					1160:1168	the inclusion	1156:1168	the inclusion of TRM	1156:1175	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	7	25	theme	probable	1186:1193	arg1	process					1195:1201	a probable process	1184:1201	a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities	1184:1264	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	7	26	theme	TRM	1227:1229	arg1	molecule					1231:1238	the TRM molecule	1223:1238	the TRM molecule	1223:1238	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	2	27	theme	chiral	397:402	arg1	recognition					404:414	chiral recognition	397:414	chiral recognition	397:414	Some additional techniques may be necessary to determine the enantiomer migration order (EMO) and also the mechanism involved in chiral recognition.
28387965	0	28	theme	Computational	0:12	arg1	contribution					14:25	Computational contribution	0:25	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order	0:100	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order using modified β-cyclodextrins.
28387965	2	29	theme	migration	340:348	arg1	EMO					357:359	EMO	357:359	EMO	357:359	Some additional techniques may be necessary to determine the enantiomer migration order (EMO) and also the mechanism involved in chiral recognition.
28387965	2	29	theme	migration	340:348	arg1	order					350:354	the enantiomer migration order	325:354	the enantiomer migration order (EMO)	325:360	Some additional techniques may be necessary to determine the enantiomer migration order (EMO) and also the mechanism involved in chiral recognition.
28387965	10	30	from	level	1809:1813	arg1	sense					1774:1778	a sense	1772:1778	a sense of the system at a molecular level	1772:1813	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	9	31	theme	complexes	1453:1461	arg1	fragments					1440:1448	the fragments	1436:1448	the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10	1436:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	9	31	theme	complexes	1453:1461	arg1	analysis					1497:1504	a thermodynamic analysis	1481:1504	a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1481:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	3	32	theme	EMO	616:618	arg1	determination					620:632	the EMO determination	612:632	the EMO determination	612:632	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	2	33	theme	enantiomer	329:338	arg1	EMO					357:359	EMO	357:359	EMO	357:359	Some additional techniques may be necessary to determine the enantiomer migration order (EMO) and also the mechanism involved in chiral recognition.
28387965	2	33	theme	enantiomer	329:338	arg1	order					350:354	the enantiomer migration order	325:354	the enantiomer migration order (EMO)	325:360	Some additional techniques may be necessary to determine the enantiomer migration order (EMO) and also the mechanism involved in chiral recognition.
28387965	8	34	theme	TRM	1394:1396	arg1	molecules					1398:1406	TRM molecules	1394:1406	TRM molecules	1394:1406	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	3	35	theme	method	477:482	arg1	optimization					456:467	optimization	456:467	optimization	456:467	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	3	35	theme	method	477:482	arg1	development					440:450	development	440:450	development	440:450	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	8	36	theme	modified	1366:1373	arg1	β-CD					1375:1378	modified β-CD and groups	1366:1389	β-CD	1375:1378	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	4	37	theme	cyclodextrins	800:812	arg1	concentration					783:795	concentration	783:795	concentration	783:795	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	37	theme	cyclodextrins	800:812	arg1	BGE					765:767	BGE	765:767	BGE	765:767	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	37	theme	cyclodextrins	800:812	arg1	type					774:777	type	774:777	type	774:777	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	37	theme	cyclodextrins	800:812	arg1	electrolyte					752:762	background electrolyte	741:762	background electrolyte (BGE)	741:768	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	37	theme	cyclodextrins	800:812	arg1	CD					815:816	CD	815:816	CD	815:816	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	1	38	theme	Capillary	134:142	arg1	CE					161:162	CE	161:162	CE	161:162	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	38	theme	Capillary	134:142	arg1	electrophoresis					144:158	Capillary electrophoresis	134:158	Capillary electrophoresis (CE)	134:163	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	38	theme	Capillary	134:142	arg1	technique					191:199	an extremely effective technique	168:199	an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers	168:265	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	39	theme	separations	218:228	arg1	separation					241:250	separation	241:250	separation of enantiomers	241:265	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	39	theme	separations	218:228	arg1	kinds					209:213	many kinds	204:213	many kinds	204:213	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	0	40	theme	enantiomer	50:59	arg1	mechanism					72:80	the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism	30:80	the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism	30:80	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order using modified β-cyclodextrins.
28387965	10	41	theme	TRM	1698:1700	arg1	enantiomers					1702:1712	TRM enantiomers	1698:1712	TRM enantiomers	1698:1712	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	3	42	theme	chiral	669:674	arg1	distinction					676:686	chiral distinction	669:686	chiral distinction	669:686	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	3	43	dep	development	440:450	arg1	the					436:438	the	436:438	the	436:438	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	5	44	theme	sequential	855:864	arg1	methodology					866:876	a sequential methodology	853:876	a sequential methodology	853:876	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	0	45	theme	electrophoretic	34:48	arg1	mechanism					72:80	the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism	30:80	the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism	30:80	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order using modified β-cyclodextrins.
28387965	9	46	theme	structural	1413:1422	arg1	analysis					1424:1431	The structural analysis	1409:1431	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1409:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	3	47	theme	responsible	642:652	arg1	mechanisms					654:663	the responsible mechanisms	638:663	the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction	638:686	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	5	48	dep	resorting	888:896	arg1	followed					940:947	followed	940:947	followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory	940:1008	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	9	49	from	pH	1468:1469	arg1	complexes					1453:1461	complexes	1453:1461	complexes at a pH of 10	1453:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	9	49	from	pH	1468:1469	arg1	fragments					1440:1448	the fragments	1436:1448	the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10	1436:1475	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	9	49	from	pH	1468:1469	arg1	analysis					1497:1504	a thermodynamic analysis	1481:1504	a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1481:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	3	50	theme	CE	474:475	arg1	method					477:482	a CE method	472:482	a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction	472:686	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	8	51	theme	chiral	1282:1287	arg1	process					1301:1307	the chiral recognition process	1278:1307	the chiral recognition process	1278:1307	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	10	52	theme	computational	1722:1734	arg1	adequate					1756:1763	adequate	1756:1763	adequate	1756:1763	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	10	52	theme	computational	1722:1734	arg1	methodology					1736:1746	the computational methodology	1718:1746	the computational methodology	1718:1746	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	3	53	theme	computational	581:593	arg1	contribution					595:606	a computational contribution	579:606	a computational contribution for the EMO determination	579:632	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	3	54	theme	racemic	509:515	arg1	mixture					517:523	racemic mixture	509:523	racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM)	509:572	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	0	55	theme	separation	61:70	arg1	mechanism					72:80	the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism	30:80	the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism	30:80	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order using modified β-cyclodextrins.
28387965	8	56	theme	molecules	1398:1406	arg1	molecules					1398:1406	TRM molecules	1394:1406	TRM molecules	1394:1406	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	8	56	theme	molecules	1398:1406	arg1	β-CD					1375:1378	modified β-CD and groups	1366:1389	β-CD	1375:1378	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	8	56	theme	molecules	1398:1406	arg1	groups					1384:1389	modified β-CD and groups	1366:1389	groups	1384:1389	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	3	57	theme	mixture	517:523	arg1	enantioseparation					488:504	enantioseparation	488:504	enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction	488:686	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	7	58	theme	CDs	1253:1255	arg1	cavities					1257:1264	CDs cavities	1253:1264	CDs cavities	1253:1264	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	4	59	theme	type	774:777	arg1	concentration					724:736	concentration	724:736	concentration	724:736	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	59	theme	type	774:777	arg1	composition					708:718	composition	708:718	composition	708:718	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	7	60	dep	shape	1214:1218	arg1	cavities					1257:1264	CDs cavities	1253:1264	CDs cavities	1253:1264	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	8	61	theme	association	1336:1346	arg1	complexes					1348:1356	association complexes	1336:1356	association complexes	1336:1356	Therefore, the chiral recognition process occurs by the formation of association complexes between modified β-CD and groups of TRM molecules.
28387965	4	62	theme	electrolyte	752:762	arg1	concentration					724:736	concentration	724:736	concentration	724:736	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	4	62	theme	electrolyte	752:762	arg1	composition					708:718	composition	708:718	composition	708:718	Parameters such as composition and concentration of background electrolyte (BGE) and type and concentration of cyclodextrins (CD) were evaluated.
28387965	0	63	theme	migration	86:94	arg1	order					96:100	migration order	86:100	migration order	86:100	Computational contribution to the electrophoretic enantiomer separation mechanism and migration order using modified β-cyclodextrins.
28387965	5	64	theme	functional	992:1001	arg1	theory					1003:1008	density functional theory	984:1008	density functional theory	984:1008	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	2	65	theme	additional	273:282	arg1	techniques					284:293	Some additional techniques	268:293	Some additional techniques	268:293	Some additional techniques may be necessary to determine the enantiomer migration order (EMO) and also the mechanism involved in chiral recognition.
28387965	9	66	theme	analysis	1497:1504	arg1	analysis					1424:1431	The structural analysis	1409:1431	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process	1409:1540	The structural analysis of the fragments of complexes at a pH of 10 and a thermodynamic analysis of the complexes' formation process allows determining the EMO.
28387965	3	67	theme	R-	533:534	arg1	mixture					517:523	racemic mixture	509:523	racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM)	509:572	This paper reports the development and optimization of a CE method for enantioseparation of racemic mixture of both R- and S-stereoisomers of tramadol (TRM) with a computational contribution for the EMO determination and the responsible mechanisms for chiral distinction.
28387965	1	68	theme	enantiomers	255:265	arg1	separation					241:250	separation	241:250	separation of enantiomers	241:265	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	7	69	theme	molecule	1231:1238	arg1	size					1248:1251	the size	1244:1251	the size	1244:1251	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	7	69	theme	molecule	1231:1238	arg1	shape					1214:1218	the shape	1210:1218	the shape of the TRM molecule	1210:1238	Calculations show that the inclusion of TRM is not a probable process due to the shape of the TRM molecule and the size CDs cavities.
28387965	10	70	theme	molecular	1799:1807	arg1	level					1809:1813	a molecular level	1797:1813	a molecular level	1797:1813	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28387965	1	71	from	technique	191:199	arg1	separation					241:250	separation	241:250	separation of enantiomers	241:265	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	1	71	from	technique	191:199	arg1	kinds					209:213	many kinds	204:213	many kinds	204:213	Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an extremely effective technique in many kinds of separations, including separation of enantiomers.
28387965	5	72	theme	semiempirical	901:913	arg1	Model					926:930	semiempirical Parametric Model 3	901:932	semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3)	901:938	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	5	72	theme	semiempirical	901:913	arg1	PM3					935:937	PM3	935:937	PM3	935:937	For calculations, a sequential methodology was used, resorting to semiempirical Parametric Model 3 (PM3) followed by calculations accomplished using density functional theory.
28387965	10	73	theme	enantiomers	1702:1712	arg1	separation					1684:1693	separation	1684:1693	separation of TRM enantiomers	1684:1712	Comparing results obtained experimentally and computationally, it seems that the developed method is adequate for separation of TRM enantiomers and the computational methodology is also adequate to get a sense of the system at a molecular level.
28163124	5	0	theme	exclusion	874:882	arg1	chromatography					884:897	size exclusion chromatography	869:897	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments	865:977	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	6	1	from	superior	1119:1126	arg1	pre-purification					1131:1146	pre-purification	1131:1146	pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium	1131:1207	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	1	2	theme	complex	167:173	arg1	samples					186:192	complex biological samples	167:192	complex biological samples	167:192	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	5	3	theme	mannan-BSA	916:925	arg1	samples					927:933	model mannan-BSA samples	910:933	model mannan-BSA samples	910:933	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	1	4	theme	biological	175:184	arg1	samples					186:192	complex biological samples	167:192	complex biological samples	167:192	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	2	5	theme	mixtures	327:334	arg1	separation					298:307	An effective separation	285:307	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	285:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	3	6	from	%	578:578	arg1	values					564:569	values	564:569	values from 95%	564:578	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	5	7	theme	A-TBC	962:966	arg1	treatments					968:977	both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments	941:977	treatments	968:977	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	4	8	theme	affinity	728:735	arg1	purification					737:748	lectin affinity purification	721:748	lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	721:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	3	9	dep	%	516:516	arg1	to					511:512	to	511:512	to	511:512	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	2	10	theme	mannan-protein	312:325	arg1	mixtures					327:334	mannan-protein mixtures	312:334	mannan-protein mixtures	312:334	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	0	11	theme	affinity	113:120	arg1	purification					122:133	lectin affinity purification	106:133	lectin affinity purification	106:133	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	6	12	theme	mannan	1177:1182	arg1	pre-purification					1131:1146	pre-purification	1131:1146	pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium	1131:1207	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	5	13	with	consistent	984:993	arg1	analysis					1033:1040	the spectrophotometric component analysis	1000:1040	the spectrophotometric component analysis	1000:1040	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	6	14	theme	ionic	1081:1085	arg1	superior					1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	6	14	theme	ionic	1081:1085	arg1	technique					1105:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	6	15	theme	separation	1094:1103	arg1	superior					1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	6	15	theme	separation	1094:1103	arg1	technique					1105:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	0	16	theme	lectin	106:111	arg1	purification					122:133	lectin affinity purification	106:133	lectin affinity purification	106:133	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	1	17	from	Analysis	136:143	arg1	samples					186:192	complex biological samples	167:192	complex biological samples	167:192	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	4	18	theme	bead	779:782	arg1	A-TBC					799:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	18	theme	bead	779:782	arg1	cellulose					784:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose	755:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	755:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	19	theme	lower	663:667	arg1	efficiency					669:678	lower efficiency	663:678	lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%)	663:702	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	3	20	theme	Extraction	443:452	arg1	efficiency					454:463	Extraction efficiency	443:463	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA)	443:493	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	2	21	theme	ionic	382:386	arg1	IL-APTS					421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	2	21	theme	ionic	382:386	arg1	system					413:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	339:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	339:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	4	22	theme	BSA	683:685	arg1	removal					687:693	BSA removal	683:693	BSA removal (73-84%)	683:702	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	22	theme	BSA	683:685	arg1	%					701:701	73-84%	696:701	73-84%	696:701	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	0	23	theme	Efficient	0:8	arg1	separation					10:19	Efficient separation	0:19	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	0:87	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	0	23	theme	Efficient	0:8	arg1	comparison					90:99	comparison	90:99	comparison with lectin affinity purification	90:133	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	4	24	theme	limiting	843:850	arg1	capacity					830:837	the low mannan-binding capacity	807:837	the low mannan-binding capacity	807:837	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	24	theme	limiting	843:850	arg1	factor					852:857	limiting factor	843:857	limiting factor	843:857	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	25	theme	lectin	721:726	arg1	purification					737:748	lectin affinity purification	721:748	lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	721:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	5	26	theme	size	869:872	arg1	chromatography					884:897	size exclusion chromatography	869:897	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments	865:977	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	0	27	theme	mannan-protein	24:37	arg1	mixtures					39:46	mannan-protein mixtures	24:46	mannan-protein mixtures	24:46	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	5	28	theme	spectrophotometric	1004:1021	arg1	analysis					1033:1040	the spectrophotometric component analysis	1000:1040	the spectrophotometric component analysis	1000:1040	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	0	29	with	comparison	90:99	arg1	purification					122:133	lectin affinity purification	106:133	lectin affinity purification	106:133	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	2	30	theme	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium	339:365	arg1	IL-APTS					421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	2	30	theme	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium	339:365	arg1	system					413:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	339:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	339:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	3	31	theme	%	509:509	arg1	%					516:516	92% to 97%	507:516	92% to 97%	507:516	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	6	32	theme	culture	1194:1200	arg1	medium					1202:1207	cell culture medium	1189:1207	cell culture medium	1189:1207	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	5	33	theme	Con	958:960	arg1	treatments					968:977	both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments	941:977	treatments	968:977	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	6	34	from	medium	1202:1207	arg1	pre-purification					1131:1146	pre-purification	1131:1146	pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium	1131:1207	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	3	35	theme	mannan	549:554	arg1	efficiency					535:544	extraction efficiency	524:544	extraction efficiency of mannan	524:554	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	3	36	theme	serum	475:479	arg1	BSA					490:492	BSA	490:492	BSA	490:492	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	3	36	theme	serum	475:479	arg1	albumin					481:487	bovine serum albumin	468:487	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	468:493	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	3	37	theme	extraction	524:533	arg1	efficiency					535:544	extraction efficiency	524:544	extraction efficiency of mannan	524:554	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	6	38	theme	2-aminobenzamide-labelled	1151:1175	arg1	mannan					1177:1182	2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan	1151:1182	2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan	1151:1182	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	6	39	theme	biological	1054:1063	arg1	experiment					1065:1074	biological experiment	1054:1074	biological experiment	1054:1074	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	0	40	theme	mixtures	39:46	arg1	separation					10:19	Efficient separation	0:19	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	0:87	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	0	40	theme	mixtures	39:46	arg1	comparison					90:99	comparison	90:99	comparison with lectin affinity purification	90:133	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	3	41	theme	albumin	481:487	arg1	efficiency					454:463	Extraction efficiency	443:463	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA)	443:493	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	4	42	theme	concanavalin	755:766	arg1	A-TBC					799:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	42	theme	concanavalin	755:766	arg1	cellulose					784:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose	755:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	755:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	1	43	from	proteins	230:237	arg1	isolation					215:223	their isolation	209:223	their isolation from proteins and other contaminants	209:260	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	0	44	theme	liquid	57:62	arg1	system					82:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	4	45	with	purification	737:748	arg1	A-TBC					799:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	45	with	purification	737:748	arg1	cellulose					784:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose	755:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	755:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	46	theme	low	811:813	arg1	capacity					830:837	the low mannan-binding capacity	807:837	the low mannan-binding capacity	807:837	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	46	theme	low	811:813	arg1	factor					852:857	limiting factor	843:857	limiting factor	843:857	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	47	theme	mannan-binding	815:828	arg1	capacity					830:837	the low mannan-binding capacity	807:837	the low mannan-binding capacity	807:837	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	47	theme	mannan-binding	815:828	arg1	factor					852:857	limiting factor	843:857	limiting factor	843:857	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	6	48	from	pre-purification	1131:1146	arg1	superior					1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	6	48	from	pre-purification	1131:1146	arg1	technique					1105:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	5	49	theme	model	910:914	arg1	samples					927:933	model mannan-BSA samples	910:933	model mannan-BSA samples	910:933	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	0	50	theme	ionic	51:55	arg1	system					82:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	6	51	theme	HPLC-FLD	1218:1225	arg1	analysis					1227:1234	HPLC-FLD analysis	1218:1234	HPLC-FLD analysis	1218:1234	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	3	52	theme	bovine	468:473	arg1	BSA					490:492	BSA	490:492	BSA	490:492	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	3	52	theme	bovine	468:473	arg1	albumin					481:487	bovine serum albumin	468:487	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	468:493	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	2	53	theme	two-phase	403:411	arg1	IL-APTS					421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	2	53	theme	two-phase	403:411	arg1	system					413:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	339:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	339:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	5	54	theme	component	1023:1031	arg1	analysis					1033:1040	the spectrophotometric component analysis	1000:1040	the spectrophotometric component analysis	1000:1040	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	4	55	theme	Con	795:797	arg1	A-TBC					799:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	55	theme	Con	795:797	arg1	cellulose					784:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose	755:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	755:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	2	56	theme	effective	288:296	arg1	separation					298:307	An effective separation	285:307	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	285:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	2	57	theme	aqueous	395:401	arg1	IL-APTS					421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	2	57	theme	aqueous	395:401	arg1	system					413:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	339:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	339:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	6	58	theme	cell	1189:1192	arg1	medium					1202:1207	cell culture medium	1189:1207	cell culture medium	1189:1207	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	1	59	theme	other	243:247	arg1	contaminants					249:260	other contaminants	243:260	other contaminants	243:260	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	1	60	from	contaminants	249:260	arg1	isolation					215:223	their isolation	209:223	their isolation from proteins and other contaminants	209:260	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	4	61	theme	A-triazine	768:777	arg1	A-TBC					799:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	Con A-TBC	795:803	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	4	61	theme	A-triazine	768:777	arg1	cellulose					784:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose	755:792	concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC)	755:804	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
28163124	2	62	theme	liquid	388:393	arg1	IL-APTS					421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	IL-APTS	421:427	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	2	62	theme	liquid	388:393	arg1	system					413:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	339:418	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS)	339:428	An effective separation of mannan-protein mixtures by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/K2HPO4 ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system (IL-APTS) is reported.
28163124	5	63	theme	samples	927:933	arg1	pattern					899:905	The size exclusion chromatography pattern	865:905	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments	865:977	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	5	63	theme	samples	927:933	arg1	consistent					984:993	consistent	984:993	consistent	984:993	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	0	64	theme	two-phase	72:80	arg1	system					82:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	5	65	theme	chromatography	884:897	arg1	pattern					899:905	The size exclusion chromatography pattern	865:905	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments	865:977	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	5	65	theme	chromatography	884:897	arg1	consistent					984:993	consistent	984:993	consistent	984:993	The size exclusion chromatography pattern of model mannan-BSA samples after both IL-APTS and Con A-TBC treatments were consistent with the spectrophotometric component analysis.
28163124	3	66	theme	model	620:624	arg1	composition					633:643	model sample composition	620:643	model sample composition	620:643	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	1	67	theme	carbohydrates	148:160	arg1	Analysis					136:143	Analysis	136:143	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples	136:192	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	6	68	theme	liquid	1087:1092	arg1	superior					1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	superior	1119:1126	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	6	68	theme	liquid	1087:1092	arg1	technique					1105:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	the ionic liquid separation technique	1077:1113	In case of biological experiment, the ionic liquid separation technique was superior in pre-purification of 2-aminobenzamide-labelled mannan from cell culture medium prior to HPLC-FLD analysis.
28163124	0	69	theme	aqueous	64:70	arg1	system					82:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system	51:87	Efficient separation of mannan-protein mixtures by ionic liquid aqueous two-phase system, comparison with lectin affinity purification.
28163124	3	70	theme	sample	626:631	arg1	composition					633:643	model sample composition	620:643	model sample composition	620:643	Extraction efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA) ranged from 92% to 97% while extraction efficiency of mannan reached values from 95% to about 100% depending on phase and/or model sample composition.
28163124	1	71	from	samples	186:192	arg1	Analysis					136:143	Analysis	136:143	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples	136:192	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	1	71	from	samples	186:192	arg1	carbohydrates					148:160	carbohydrates	148:160	carbohydrates from complex biological samples	148:192	Analysis of carbohydrates from complex biological samples often requires their isolation from proteins and other contaminants to avoid interference.
28163124	4	72	theme	removal	687:693	arg1	efficiency					669:678	lower efficiency	663:678	lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%)	663:702	On the contrary, lower efficiency of BSA removal (73-84%) was recorded for lectin affinity purification with concanavalin A-triazine bead cellulose (Con A-TBC); the low mannan-binding capacity was limiting factor here.
25555089	6	0	from	hydrogels	1062:1070	arg1	systems					1164:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	4	1	link	crosslinked	677:687	arg1	hydrogels					689:697	oxime crosslinked hydrogels	671:697	oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	671:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	1	2	theme	tissue	246:251	arg1	scaffolds					253:261	injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds	220:261	injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities	220:306	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	4	3	theme	analogous	809:817	arg1	values					802:807	values	802:807	values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	802:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	4	theme	soft	822:825	arg1	those					843:847	those	843:847	those	843:847	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	4	theme	soft	822:825	arg1	tissues					827:833	soft tissues	822:833	soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	822:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	5	theme	nervous	884:890	arg1	system					892:897	the central or peripheral nervous system	858:897	system	892:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	5	6	theme	cells	979:983	arg1	adhesion					944:951	the adhesion	940:951	the adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells	940:983	Gels incorporating collagen-1 supported the adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells.
25555089	0	7	theme	hyaluronic	77:86	arg1	acid					88:91	hyaluronic acid	77:91	hyaluronic acid	77:91	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	0	7	theme	hyaluronic	77:86	arg1	poly					54:57	poly	54:57	poly(ethylene glycol)	54:74	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	4	8	theme	mechanical	704:713	arg1	properties					728:737	mechanical and swelling properties	704:737	mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	704:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	9	theme	PEG	643:645	arg1	derivatives					654:664	The PEG and HA derivatives	639:664	The PEG and HA derivatives	639:664	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	10	theme	oxime	671:675	arg1	hydrogels					689:697	oxime crosslinked hydrogels	671:697	oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	671:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	11	theme	hydrogels	789:797	arg1	composition					770:780	the composition	766:780	the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	766:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	6	12	theme	injectable	1051:1060	arg1	hydrogels					1062:1070	clinically relevant injectable hydrogels	1031:1070	clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems	1031:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	6	13	theme	peripheral	1145:1154	arg1	systems					1164:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	3	14	dep	acid	540:543	arg1	HA					546:547	HA	546:547	HA	546:547	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	14	dep	acid	540:543	arg1	MDa					555:557	Mn 2 MDa	550:557	Mn 2 MDa	550:557	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	6	15	contain	has	1001:1003	arg1	chemistry					991:999	Such chemistry	986:999	Such chemistry	986:999	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	6	15	contain	has	1001:1003	arg2	potential					1009:1017	the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems	1005:1170	the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems	1005:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	4	16	theme	swelling	719:726	arg1	properties					728:737	mechanical and swelling properties	704:737	mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	704:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	6	17	theme	relevant	1042:1049	arg1	hydrogels					1062:1070	clinically relevant injectable hydrogels	1031:1070	clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems	1031:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	1	18	theme	In	155:156	arg1	hydrogels					176:184	In situ crosslinking hydrogels	155:184	In situ crosslinking hydrogels	155:184	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	6	19	theme	central	1134:1140	arg1	systems					1164:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	2	20	used	used	335:338	arg2	chemistry					321:329	Oxime click chemistry	309:329	Oxime click chemistry	309:329	Oxime click chemistry was used to crosslink hydrogels that were biodegradable, soft and supportive of cell adhesion.
25555089	4	21	theme	crosslinked	677:687	arg1	hydrogels					689:697	oxime crosslinked hydrogels	671:697	oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	671:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	3	22	theme	Linear	426:431	arg1	poly					433:436	Linear poly	426:436	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	426:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	22	theme	Linear	426:431	arg1	glycol					447:452	ethylene glycol	438:452	ethylene glycol	438:452	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	0	23	theme	Biodegradable	0:12	arg1	hydrogels					14:22	Biodegradable hydrogels	0:22	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime	0:40	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	2	24	theme	click	315:319	arg1	chemistry					321:329	Oxime click chemistry	309:329	Oxime click chemistry	309:329	Oxime click chemistry was used to crosslink hydrogels that were biodegradable, soft and supportive of cell adhesion.
25555089	1	25	theme	crosslinking	163:174	arg1	hydrogels					176:184	In situ crosslinking hydrogels	155:184	In situ crosslinking hydrogels	155:184	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	1	26	theme	fill	277:280	arg1	cavities					299:306	fill patient-specific cavities	277:306	fill patient-specific cavities	277:306	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	2	27	theme	Oxime	309:313	arg1	chemistry					321:329	Oxime click chemistry	309:329	Oxime click chemistry	309:329	Oxime click chemistry was used to crosslink hydrogels that were biodegradable, soft and supportive of cell adhesion.
25555089	3	28	theme	hyaluronic	529:538	arg1	acid					540:543	hyaluronic acid	529:543	hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	529:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	1	29	theme	patient-specific	282:297	arg1	cavities					299:306	fill patient-specific cavities	277:306	fill patient-specific cavities	277:306	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	4	30	located	found	849:853	arg1	system					892:897	the central or peripheral nervous system	858:897	system	892:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	30	located	found	849:853	arg1	central					862:868	central	862:868	central	862:868	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	4	30	located	found	849:853	arg2	those					843:847	those	843:847	those	843:847	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	2	31	theme	adhesion	416:423	arg1	biodegradable					373:385	biodegradable	373:385	biodegradable	373:385	Oxime click chemistry was used to crosslink hydrogels that were biodegradable, soft and supportive of cell adhesion.
25555089	4	32	theme	peripheral	873:882	arg1	system					892:897	the central or peripheral nervous system	858:897	system	892:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	5	33	theme	mesenchymal	962:972	arg1	cells					979:983	human mesenchymal stem cells	956:983	human mesenchymal stem cells	956:983	Gels incorporating collagen-1 supported the adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells.
25555089	3	34	theme	poly	433:436	arg1	Mn					463:464	Mn 2	463:466	Mn 2	463:466	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	34	theme	poly	433:436	arg1	4 kDa					471:475	4 kDa	471:475	4 kDa	471:475	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	34	theme	poly	433:436	arg1	PEGs					457:460	PEGs	457:460	PEGs	457:460	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	34	theme	poly	433:436	arg1	s					454:454	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s	426:454	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	426:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	2	35	theme	cell	411:414	arg1	adhesion					416:423	cell adhesion	411:423	cell adhesion	411:423	Oxime click chemistry was used to crosslink hydrogels that were biodegradable, soft and supportive of cell adhesion.
25555089	3	36	dep	s	454:454	arg1	Mn					463:464	Mn 2	463:466	Mn 2	463:466	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	36	dep	s	454:454	arg1	4 kDa					471:475	4 kDa	471:475	4 kDa	471:475	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	36	dep	s	454:454	arg1	PEGs					457:460	PEGs	457:460	PEGs	457:460	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	36	dep	s	454:454	arg1	s					454:454	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s	426:454	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	426:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	0	37	theme	tunable	109:115	arg1	platform					117:124	a tunable platform	107:124	a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering	107:152	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	0	38	dep	poly	54:57	arg1	platform					117:124	a tunable platform	107:124	a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering	107:152	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	6	39	theme	Such	986:989	arg1	chemistry					991:999	Such chemistry	986:999	Such chemistry	986:999	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	3	40	with	ends	497:500	arg1	moieties					516:523	aminooxy moieties	507:523	aminooxy moieties	507:523	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	40	with	ends	497:500	arg1	derivatives					560:570	hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives	529:570	hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	529:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	4	41	with	hydrogels	689:697	arg1	properties					728:737	mechanical and swelling properties	704:737	mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system	704:897	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	0	42	theme	soft	130:133	arg1	engineering					142:152	soft tissue engineering	130:152	soft tissue engineering	130:152	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	3	43	theme	acid	540:543	arg1	derivatives					560:570	hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives	529:570	hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	529:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	4	44	theme	HA	651:652	arg1	derivatives					654:664	The PEG and HA derivatives	639:664	The PEG and HA derivatives	639:664	The PEG and HA derivatives form oxime crosslinked hydrogels with mechanical and swelling properties that were tunable based on the composition of the hydrogels to values analogous to soft tissues such as those found in the central or peripheral nervous system.
25555089	6	45	theme	nervous	1156:1162	arg1	systems					1164:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	the central or peripheral nervous systems	1130:1170	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	3	46	theme	primary	616:622	arg1	cells					632:636	primary Schwann cells	616:636	primary Schwann cells	616:636	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	1	47	dep	In	155:156	arg1	situ					158:161	situ	158:161	situ	158:161	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	6	48	theme	personalized	1095:1106	arg1	procedures					1116:1125	minimally invasive personalized medical procedures	1076:1125	minimally invasive personalized medical procedures	1076:1125	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	3	49	theme	Schwann	624:630	arg1	cells					632:636	primary Schwann cells	616:636	primary Schwann cells	616:636	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	5	50	theme	stem	974:977	arg1	cells					979:983	human mesenchymal stem cells	956:983	human mesenchymal stem cells	956:983	Gels incorporating collagen-1 supported the adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells.
25555089	6	51	theme	invasive	1086:1093	arg1	procedures					1116:1125	minimally invasive personalized medical procedures	1076:1125	minimally invasive personalized medical procedures	1076:1125	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	3	52	theme	aminooxy	507:514	arg1	moieties					516:523	aminooxy moieties	507:523	aminooxy moieties	507:523	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	0	53	theme	tissue	135:140	arg1	engineering					142:152	soft tissue engineering	130:152	soft tissue engineering	130:152	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	6	54	theme	medical	1108:1114	arg1	procedures					1116:1125	minimally invasive personalized medical procedures	1076:1125	minimally invasive personalized medical procedures	1076:1125	Such chemistry has the potential to generate clinically relevant injectable hydrogels for minimally invasive personalized medical procedures in the central or peripheral nervous systems.
25555089	3	55	theme	Mn	550:551	arg1	HA					546:547	HA	546:547	HA	546:547	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	55	theme	Mn	550:551	arg1	MDa					555:557	Mn 2 MDa	550:557	Mn 2 MDa	550:557	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	56	theme	ethylene	438:445	arg1	poly					433:436	Linear poly	426:436	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes	426:591	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	3	56	theme	ethylene	438:445	arg1	glycol					447:452	ethylene glycol	438:452	ethylene glycol	438:452	Linear poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs, Mn 2 or 4 kDa) terminated at both ends with aminooxy moieties and hyaluronic acid (HA, Mn 2 MDa) derivatives displaying aldehydes were non-toxic towards primary Schwann cells.
25555089	1	57	theme	injectable	220:229	arg1	scaffolds					253:261	injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds	220:261	injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities	220:306	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
25555089	0	58	theme	ethylene	59:66	arg1	poly					54:57	poly	54:57	poly(ethylene glycol)	54:74	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	0	58	theme	ethylene	59:66	arg1	glycol					68:73	ethylene glycol	59:73	ethylene glycol	59:73	Biodegradable hydrogels composed of oxime crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol), hyaluronic acid and collagen: a tunable platform for soft tissue engineering.
25555089	5	59	theme	human	956:960	arg1	cells					979:983	human mesenchymal stem cells	956:983	human mesenchymal stem cells	956:983	Gels incorporating collagen-1 supported the adhesion of human mesenchymal stem cells.
25555089	1	60	theme	hydrogel-based	231:244	arg1	scaffolds					253:261	injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds	220:261	injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities	220:306	In situ crosslinking hydrogels are attractive for application as injectable hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds that adapt to fill patient-specific cavities.
28431965	7	0	theme	proteated	1120:1128	arg1	form					1130:1133	deuterated and proteated form	1105:1133	deuterated and proteated form of the drug	1105:1145	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	4	1	theme	E5	680:681	arg1	LV					691:692	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	LV	691:692	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	1	2	theme	amorphous	230:238	arg1	nanodroplets					240:251	drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets	220:251	drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets	220:251	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	0	3	theme	Dispersion	71:80	arg1	Dissolution					37:47	Dissolution	37:47	Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion	37:80	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	7	4	theme	form	1130:1133	arg1	distribution					1089:1100	the distribution	1085:1100	the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug	1085:1145	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	1	5	theme	certain	149:155	arg1	dispersions					173:183	certain amorphous solid dispersions	149:183	certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs)	149:190	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	1	5	theme	certain	149:155	arg1	ASDs					186:189	ASDs	186:189	ASDs	186:189	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	0	6	theme	Mechanistic	85:95	arg1	Study					116:120	A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study	83:120	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.	0:121	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	7	7	theme	deuterated	1105:1114	arg1	form					1130:1133	deuterated and proteated form	1105:1133	deuterated and proteated form of the drug	1105:1145	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	10	8	theme	homogenous	1545:1554	arg1	ASDs					1556:1559	these homogenous ASDs	1539:1559	these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions	1539:1620	Thus, nanodroplets of NFD are formed due to dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions.
28431965	9	9	theme	Subsequent	1310:1319	arg1	precipitation					1321:1333	Subsequent precipitation	1310:1333	Subsequent precipitation of the drug	1310:1345	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	9	9	theme	Subsequent	1310:1319	arg1	process					1350:1356	a process	1348:1356	a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD	1348:1402	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	2	10	theme	present	274:280	arg1	nanodroplets					260:271	These nanodroplets	254:271	These nanodroplets	254:271	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	6	11	theme	magnetic	989:996	arg1	resonance					998:1006	nuclear magnetic resonance	981:1006	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	981:1019	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	0	12	theme	Scrambling	105:114	arg1	Study					116:120	A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study	83:120	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.	0:121	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	8	13	from	concentration	1249:1261	arg1	solution					1266:1273	solution	1266:1273	solution	1266:1273	Thus, as the H-NFD was brought into the aqueous solution via ASD dissolution, the drug concentration in solution exceeded the amorphous solubility.
28431965	3	14	theme	study	515:519	arg1	purpose					499:505	The purpose	495:505	The purpose of this study	495:519	The purpose of this study is to probe the formation mechanism of the nanodroplets.
28431965	1	15	theme	amorphous	157:165	arg1	dispersions					173:183	certain amorphous solid dispersions	149:183	certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs)	149:190	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	1	15	theme	amorphous	157:165	arg1	ASDs					186:189	ASDs	186:189	ASDs	186:189	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	0	16	theme	Isotope	97:103	arg1	Study					116:120	A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study	83:120	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.	0:121	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	5	17	theme	amorphous	876:884	arg1	solubility					886:895	the amorphous solubility	872:895	the amorphous solubility	872:895	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	6	18	theme	nuclear	981:987	arg1	resonance					998:1006	nuclear magnetic resonance	981:1006	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	981:1019	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	7	19	from	equilibrium	1070:1080	arg1	distribution					1089:1100	the distribution	1085:1100	the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug	1085:1145	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	1	20	theme	solid	167:171	arg1	dispersions					173:183	certain amorphous solid dispersions	149:183	certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs)	149:190	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	1	20	theme	solid	167:171	arg1	ASDs					186:189	ASDs	186:189	ASDs	186:189	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
28431965	2	21	theme	continuous	431:440	arg1	phase					459:463	the continuous aqueous solution phase	427:463	the continuous aqueous solution phase	427:463	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	5	22	theme	proteated	767:775	arg1	H-NFD					789:793	H-NFD	789:793	H-NFD	789:793	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	5	22	theme	proteated	767:775	arg1	nifedipine					777:786	proteated nifedipine	767:786	proteated nifedipine (H-NFD)	767:794	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	5	23	theme	ASDs	748:751	arg1	Dissolution					733:743	Dissolution	733:743	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD)	733:794	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	8	24	theme	ASD	1223:1225	arg1	dissolution					1227:1237	ASD dissolution	1223:1237	ASD dissolution	1223:1237	Thus, as the H-NFD was brought into the aqueous solution via ASD dissolution, the drug concentration in solution exceeded the amorphous solubility.
28431965	6	25	theme	solution	951:958	arg1	composition					924:934	the H/D composition	916:934	the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution	916:958	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	5	26	from	solubility	886:895	arg1	saturated					824:832	saturated	824:832	saturated	824:832	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	2	27	theme	drugs	367:371	arg1	bioavailability					333:347	oral bioavailability	328:347	oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs	328:371	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	0	28	theme	Formation	22:30	arg1	Origin					0:5	Origin	0:5	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.	0:121	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	6	29	theme	aqueous	943:949	arg1	solution					951:958	NFD aqueous solution	939:958	NFD aqueous solution	939:958	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	5	30	with	saturated	824:832	arg1	nifedipine					850:859	deuterated nifedipine	839:859	deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD)	839:867	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	5	30	with	saturated	824:832	arg1	D-NFD					862:866	D-NFD	862:866	D-NFD	862:866	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	2	31	theme	dispersed	287:295	arg1	phase					297:301	a dispersed phase	285:301	a dispersed phase	285:301	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	0	32	theme	Nanodroplet	10:20	arg1	Formation					22:30	Nanodroplet Formation	10:30	Nanodroplet Formation	10:30	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	6	33	theme	NFD	939:941	arg1	solution					951:958	NFD aqueous solution	939:958	NFD aqueous solution	939:958	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	4	34	with	ASD	641:643	arg1	LV					691:692	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	LV	691:692	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	4	34	with	ASD	641:643	arg1	acetate					724:730	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	acetate	724:730	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	3	35	theme	formation	537:545	arg1	mechanism					547:555	the formation mechanism	533:555	the formation mechanism of the nanodroplets	533:575	The purpose of this study is to probe the formation mechanism of the nanodroplets.
28431965	4	36	theme	hydroxypropyl	650:662	arg1	LV					691:692	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	LV	691:692	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	7	37	theme	drug	1142:1145	arg1	form					1130:1133	deuterated and proteated form	1105:1133	deuterated and proteated form of the drug	1105:1145	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	9	38	theme	isotopes	1470:1477	arg1	redistribution					1448:1461	redistribution	1448:1461	redistribution of the isotopes	1448:1477	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	7	39	theme	isotopic	1049:1056	arg1	scrambling					1058:1067	isotopic scrambling	1049:1067	isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug)	1049:1146	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	5	40	theme	saturated	824:832	arg1	medium					817:822	a medium	815:822	a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility	815:895	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	10	41	theme	aqueous	1604:1610	arg1	solutions					1612:1620	aqueous solutions	1604:1620	aqueous solutions	1604:1620	Thus, nanodroplets of NFD are formed due to dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions.
28431965	2	42	theme	drug	389:392	arg1	reservoir					394:402	a drug reservoir	387:402	a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug	387:492	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	5	43	theme	deuterated	839:848	arg1	nifedipine					850:859	deuterated nifedipine	839:859	deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD)	839:867	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	5	43	theme	deuterated	839:848	arg1	D-NFD					862:866	D-NFD	862:866	D-NFD	862:866	Dissolution of ASDs prepared with proteated nifedipine (H-NFD) was carried out in a medium saturated with deuterated nifedipine (D-NFD) at the amorphous solubility.
28431965	9	44	theme	drug	1342:1345	arg1	precipitation					1321:1333	Subsequent precipitation	1310:1333	Subsequent precipitation of the drug	1310:1345	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	9	44	theme	drug	1342:1345	arg1	process					1350:1356	a process	1348:1356	a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD	1348:1402	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	10	45	theme	drug	1594:1597	arg1	precipitation					1573:1585	precipitation	1573:1585	precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions	1573:1620	Thus, nanodroplets of NFD are formed due to dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions.
28431965	8	46	theme	drug	1244:1247	arg1	concentration					1249:1261	the drug concentration	1240:1261	the drug concentration in solution	1240:1273	Thus, as the H-NFD was brought into the aqueous solution via ASD dissolution, the drug concentration in solution exceeded the amorphous solubility.
28431965	10	47	from	solutions	1612:1620	arg1	precipitation					1573:1585	precipitation	1573:1585	precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions	1573:1620	Thus, nanodroplets of NFD are formed due to dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions.
28431965	7	48	dep	scrambling	1058:1067	arg1	equilibrium					1070:1080	equilibrium	1070:1080	equilibrium	1070:1080	The results suggested that isotopic scrambling (equilibrium in the distribution of deuterated and proteated form of the drug) had occurred.
28431965	2	49	theme	solution	450:457	arg1	phase					459:463	the continuous aqueous solution phase	427:463	the continuous aqueous solution phase	427:463	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	6	50	theme	H/D	920:922	arg1	composition					924:934	the H/D composition	916:934	the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution	916:958	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	10	51	theme	NFD	1502:1504	arg1	nanodroplets					1486:1497	nanodroplets	1486:1497	nanodroplets of NFD	1486:1504	Thus, nanodroplets of NFD are formed due to dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions.
28431965	0	52	theme	Amorphous	55:63	arg1	Dispersion					71:80	an Amorphous Solid Dispersion	52:80	an Amorphous Solid Dispersion	52:80	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	2	53	theme	oral	328:331	arg1	bioavailability					333:347	oral bioavailability	328:347	oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs	328:371	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	2	54	theme	aqueous	442:448	arg1	phase					459:463	the continuous aqueous solution phase	427:463	the continuous aqueous solution phase	427:463	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	9	55	from	D-NFD	1398:1402	arg1	H-NFD					1387:1391	H-NFD	1387:1391	H-NFD from D-NFD	1387:1402	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	3	56	theme	nanodroplets	564:575	arg1	mechanism					547:555	the formation mechanism	533:555	the formation mechanism of the nanodroplets	533:575	The purpose of this study is to probe the formation mechanism of the nanodroplets.
28431965	4	57	theme	Premium	683:689	arg1	LV					691:692	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	LV	691:692	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	4	58	theme	polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl	697:722	arg1	acetate					724:730	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	acetate	724:730	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	4	59	theme	methylcellulose	664:678	arg1	LV					691:692	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	650:730	LV	691:692	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	9	60	theme	NFD	1415:1417	arg1	nanodroplets					1419:1430	NFD nanodroplets	1415:1430	NFD nanodroplets	1415:1430	Subsequent precipitation of the drug, a process which does not differentiate H-NFD from D-NFD, generated NFD nanodroplets and resulted in redistribution of the isotopes.
28431965	8	61	theme	amorphous	1288:1296	arg1	solubility					1298:1307	the amorphous solubility	1284:1307	the amorphous solubility	1284:1307	Thus, as the H-NFD was brought into the aqueous solution via ASD dissolution, the drug concentration in solution exceeded the amorphous solubility.
28431965	4	62	theme	model	582:586	arg1	system					588:593	The model system	578:593	The model system studied	578:601	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	4	62	theme	model	582:586	arg1	nifedipine					607:616	nifedipine	607:616	nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate	607:730	The model system studied was nifedipine (NFD) formulated as an ASD with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 Premium LV or polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate.
28431965	0	63	theme	Solid	65:69	arg1	Dispersion					71:80	an Amorphous Solid Dispersion	52:80	an Amorphous Solid Dispersion	52:80	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	2	64	theme	soluble	359:365	arg1	drugs					367:371	poorly soluble drugs	352:371	poorly soluble drugs	352:371	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	8	65	theme	aqueous	1202:1208	arg1	solution					1210:1217	the aqueous solution	1198:1217	the aqueous solution	1198:1217	Thus, as the H-NFD was brought into the aqueous solution via ASD dissolution, the drug concentration in solution exceeded the amorphous solubility.
28431965	6	66	theme	resonance	998:1006	arg1	spectroscopy					1008:1019	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	981:1019	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	981:1019	Upon dissolution, the H/D composition of NFD aqueous solution was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
28431965	2	67	theme	drug	489:492	arg1	absorption					475:484	absorption	475:484	absorption of drug	475:492	These nanodroplets, present as a dispersed phase, can potentially enhance oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by serving as a drug reservoir that efficiently feeds the continuous aqueous solution phase following absorption of drug.
28431965	0	68	dep	Origin	0:5	arg1	Study					116:120	A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study	83:120	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.	0:121	Origin of Nanodroplet Formation Upon Dissolution of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion: A Mechanistic Isotope Scrambling Study.
28431965	10	69	theme	ASDs	1556:1559	arg1	dissolution					1524:1534	dissolution	1524:1534	dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions	1524:1620	Thus, nanodroplets of NFD are formed due to dissolution of these homogenous ASDs followed by precipitation of the drug from aqueous solutions.
28431965	1	70	theme	drug-rich	220:228	arg1	nanodroplets					240:251	drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets	220:251	drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets	220:251	It has been observed that certain amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), upon dissolution, generate drug-rich amorphous nanodroplets.
27734566	3	0	theme	collagen	546:553	arg1	macromolecules					555:568	proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules	529:568	proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules	529:568	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	1	1	theme	endochondral	277:288	arg1	ossification					290:301	endochondral ossification	277:301	endochondral ossification	277:301	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	4	2	theme	dynamic	638:644	arg1	changes					646:652	major dynamic changes	632:652	major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure	632:758	The matrix undergoes major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure.
27734566	10	3	theme	focal	1674:1678	arg1	regions					1680:1686	focal regions	1674:1686	focal regions	1674:1686	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	9	4	theme	second-harmonic	1505:1519	arg1	microscopy					1521:1530	second-harmonic microscopy	1505:1530	second-harmonic microscopy	1505:1530	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	1	5	theme	ischemic	188:195	arg1	chondronecrosis					197:211	an ischemic chondronecrosis	185:211	an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	185:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	1	5	theme	ischemic	188:195	arg1	Osteochondrosis					166:180	Osteochondrosis	166:180	Osteochondrosis	166:180	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	0	6	theme	findings	156:163	arg1	osteochondrosis					76:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	6	theme	findings	156:163	arg1	MRI					106:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	6	theme	findings	156:163	arg1	microscopy					127:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	6	theme	findings	156:163	arg1	findings					156:163	histological findings	143:163	histological findings	143:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	6	theme	findings	156:163	arg1	sites					60:64	predilection sites	47:64	predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings	47:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	7	theme	microscopy	127:136	arg1	osteochondrosis					76:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	7	theme	microscopy	127:136	arg1	MRI					106:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	7	theme	microscopy	127:136	arg1	microscopy					127:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	7	theme	microscopy	127:136	arg1	findings					156:163	histological findings	143:163	histological findings	143:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	7	theme	microscopy	127:136	arg1	sites					60:64	predilection sites	47:64	predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings	47:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	1	8	theme	growth	227:232	arg1	cartilage					234:242	epiphyseal growth cartilage	216:242	epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	216:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	5	9	dep	epiphyses	797:805	arg1	control					850:856	n = 6 control	844:856	n = 6 control	844:856	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	10	10	theme	vascular	1718:1725	arg1	failure					1727:1733	vascular failure	1718:1733	vascular failure	1718:1733	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	5	11	from	Subregions	761:770	arg1	epiphyses					797:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses	775:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control)	775:857	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	6	12	theme	Site-matched	979:990	arg1	validations					992:1002	Site-matched validations	979:1002	Site-matched validations	979:1002	Site-matched validations were made with histology, immunohistochemistry, and second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	7	13	theme	T2	1109:1110	arg1	times					1123:1127	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times	1084:1127	times	1123:1127	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	12	14	from	trajectory	1949:1958	arg1	animals					1963:1969	animals	1963:1969	animals	1963:1969	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	12	14	from	trajectory	1949:1958	arg1	humans					1975:1980	humans	1975:1980	humans	1975:1980	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	7	15	dep	increased	1148:1156	arg1	p < 0.002					1159:1167	p < 0.002	1159:1167	p < 0.002	1159:1167	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	4	16	theme	focal	726:730	arg1	trauma					732:737	focal trauma	726:737	focal trauma	726:737	The matrix undergoes major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure.
27734566	6	17	theme	second-harmonic	1056:1070	arg1	microscopy					1072:1081	second-harmonic microscopy	1056:1081	second-harmonic microscopy	1056:1081	Site-matched validations were made with histology, immunohistochemistry, and second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	0	18	theme	osteochondrosis	76:90	arg1	osteochondrosis					76:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	18	theme	osteochondrosis	76:90	arg1	MRI					106:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	18	theme	osteochondrosis	76:90	arg1	microscopy					127:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	18	theme	osteochondrosis	76:90	arg1	findings					156:163	histological findings	143:163	histological findings	143:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	18	theme	osteochondrosis	76:90	arg1	sites					60:64	predilection sites	47:64	predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings	47:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	3	19	from	tree	595:598	arg1	canals					603:608	canals	603:608	canals	603:608	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	0	20	theme	Quantitative	93:104	arg1	MRI					106:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	9	21	from	area	1432:1435	arg1	microscopy					1521:1530	second-harmonic microscopy	1505:1530	second-harmonic microscopy	1505:1530	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	8	22	dep	both	1316:1319	arg1	control					1321:1327	control	1321:1327	control	1321:1327	However, this was observed in both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens.
27734566	5	23	theme	femoral	789:795	arg1	epiphyses					797:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses	775:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control)	775:857	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	5	24	dep	qMRI	955:958	arg1	maps					972:975	T1ρ and T2 maps	961:975	3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps	952:975	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	2	25	theme	upstream	413:420	arg1	events					422:427	The upstream events	409:427	The upstream events leading to the focal ischemia	409:457	The upstream events leading to the focal ischemia remain unknown.
27734566	0	26	theme	Femoral	0:6	arg1	matrix					29:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix	0:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix	0:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	1	27	theme	osteochondritis	307:321	arg1	dissecans					323:331	focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans	260:331	focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	260:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	3	28	theme	cartilage	497:505	arg1	matrix					507:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix	475:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix	475:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	0	29	theme	cartilage	19:27	arg1	matrix					29:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix	0:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix	0:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	3	30	theme	epiphyseal	479:488	arg1	matrix					507:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix	475:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix	475:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	9	31	theme	expansive	1422:1430	arg1	area					1432:1435	an expansive area	1419:1435	an expansive area with low proteoglycan content	1419:1465	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	9	32	from	appearance	1491:1500	arg1	microscopy					1521:1530	second-harmonic microscopy	1505:1530	second-harmonic microscopy	1505:1530	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	0	33	theme	predilection	47:58	arg1	osteochondrosis					76:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	33	theme	predilection	47:58	arg1	MRI					106:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	33	theme	predilection	47:58	arg1	microscopy					127:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	33	theme	predilection	47:58	arg1	findings					156:163	histological findings	143:163	histological findings	143:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	33	theme	predilection	47:58	arg1	sites					60:64	predilection sites	47:64	predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings	47:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	12	34	theme	disease	1941:1947	arg1	trajectory					1949:1958	the osteochondrosis disease trajectory	1921:1958	the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans	1921:1980	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	9	35	with	appearance	1491:1500	arg1	content					1459:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	9	36	theme	proteoglycan	1446:1457	arg1	content					1459:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	12	37	theme	longitudinal	1891:1902	arg1	studies					1904:1910	future non-invasive longitudinal studies	1871:1910	future non-invasive longitudinal studies	1871:1910	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	5	38	theme	3T	931:932	arg1	MRI					947:949	3T quantitative MRI	931:949	3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps)	931:976	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	1	39	theme	focal	260:264	arg1	failure					266:272	focal failure	260:272	focal failure of endochondral ossification	260:301	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	4	40	theme	early	657:661	arg1	life					663:666	early life	657:666	early life	657:666	The matrix undergoes major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure.
27734566	10	41	theme	epiphyseal	1627:1636	arg1	cartilage					1645:1653	the epiphyseal growth cartilage	1623:1653	the epiphyseal growth cartilage	1623:1653	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	9	42	theme	hypertrophic-like	1473:1489	arg1	appearance					1491:1500	a hypertrophic-like appearance	1471:1500	a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy	1471:1530	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	1	43	from	sites	345:349	arg1	dissecans					323:331	focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans	260:331	focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	260:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	1	43	from	sites	345:349	arg1	epiphyses					358:366	the epiphyses	354:366	the epiphyses of humans and animals	354:388	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	3	44	theme	vascular	586:593	arg1	tree					595:598	its vascular tree	582:598	its vascular tree in canals	582:608	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	1	45	theme	ossification	290:301	arg1	osteochondritis					307:321	osteochondritis	307:321	osteochondritis	307:321	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	1	45	theme	ossification	290:301	arg1	failure					266:272	focal failure	260:272	focal failure of endochondral ossification	260:301	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	12	46	theme	future	1871:1876	arg1	studies					1904:1910	future non-invasive longitudinal studies	1871:1910	future non-invasive longitudinal studies	1871:1910	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	4	47	theme	major	632:636	arg1	changes					646:652	major dynamic changes	632:652	major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure	632:758	The matrix undergoes major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure.
27734566	9	48	with	area	1432:1435	arg1	content					1459:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	5	49	dep	control	850:856	arg1	predisposed					831:841	predisposed	831:841	predisposed	831:841	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	12	50	theme	3T	1844:1845	arg1	qMRI					1847:1850	3T qMRI	1844:1850	3T qMRI	1844:1850	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	4	51	from	changes	646:652	arg1	life					663:666	early life	657:666	early life	657:666	The matrix undergoes major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure.
27734566	7	52	theme	other	1271:1275	arg1	regions					1277:1283	other regions	1271:1283	other regions	1271:1283	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	5	53	theme	quantitative	934:945	arg1	MRI					947:949	3T quantitative MRI	931:949	3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps)	931:976	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	5	54	theme	proteoglycan	877:888	arg1	structure/content					903:919	proteoglycan and collagen structure/content	877:919	proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps)	877:976	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	10	55	theme	failure	1727:1733	arg1	risk					1710:1713	the risk	1706:1713	the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis	1706:1772	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	7	56	theme	relaxation	1112:1121	arg1	times					1123:1127	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times	1084:1127	times	1123:1127	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	5	57	theme	collagen	894:901	arg1	structure/content					903:919	proteoglycan and collagen structure/content	877:919	proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps)	877:976	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	7	58	theme	Growth	1084:1089	arg1	T1ρ					1101:1103	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times	1084:1127	T1ρ	1101:1103	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	5	59	theme	T1ρ	961:963	arg1	maps					972:975	T1ρ and T2 maps	961:975	3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps	952:975	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	4	60	theme	vascular	743:750	arg1	failure					752:758	vascular failure	743:758	vascular failure	743:758	The matrix undergoes major dynamic changes in early life that could weaken it biomechanically and predispose it to focal trauma and vascular failure.
27734566	7	61	theme	cartilage	1091:1099	arg1	T1ρ					1101:1103	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times	1084:1127	T1ρ	1101:1103	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	5	62	theme	T2	969:970	arg1	maps					972:975	T1ρ and T2 maps	961:975	3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps	952:975	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	0	63	theme	equine	69:74	arg1	osteochondrosis					76:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	1	64	theme	epiphyseal	216:225	arg1	cartilage					234:242	epiphyseal growth cartilage	216:242	epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	216:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	13	65	theme	Orthopaedic	1990:2000	arg1	Research					2002:2009	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research	1983:2009	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.	1983:2018	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.
27734566	5	66	theme	neonatal	775:782	arg1	epiphyses					797:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses	775:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control)	775:857	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	1	67	theme	humans	371:376	arg1	epiphyses					358:366	the epiphyses	354:366	the epiphyses of humans and animals	354:388	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	0	68	theme	MRI	106:108	arg1	osteochondrosis					76:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	equine osteochondrosis	69:90	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	68	theme	MRI	106:108	arg1	MRI					106:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Quantitative MRI	93:108	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	68	theme	MRI	106:108	arg1	microscopy					127:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	68	theme	MRI	106:108	arg1	findings					156:163	histological findings	143:163	histological findings	143:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	68	theme	MRI	106:108	arg1	sites					60:64	predilection sites	47:64	predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings	47:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	1	69	theme	animals	382:388	arg1	epiphyses					358:366	the epiphyses	354:366	the epiphyses of humans and animals	354:388	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	0	70	theme	second-harmonic	111:125	arg1	microscopy					127:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	second-harmonic microscopy	111:136	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	9	71	theme	Microscopic	1372:1382	arg1	evaluation					1384:1393	Microscopic evaluation	1372:1393	Microscopic evaluation of this region	1372:1408	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	8	72	located	observed	1304:1311	arg1	specimens					1361:1369	both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens	1316:1369	both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens	1316:1369	However, this was observed in both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens.
27734566	8	72	located	observed	1304:1311	arg2	this					1295:1298	this	1295:1298	this	1295:1298	However, this was observed in both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens.
27734566	10	73	theme	matrix	1556:1561	arg1	structure					1563:1571	matrix structure	1556:1571	matrix structure	1556:1571	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	13	74	theme	©	1983:1983	arg1	Research					2002:2009	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research	1983:2009	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.	1983:2018	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.
27734566	5	75	theme	foal	784:787	arg1	epiphyses					797:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses	775:805	neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control)	775:857	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	0	76	theme	epiphyseal	8:17	arg1	matrix					29:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix	0:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix	0:34	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	0	77	theme	histological	143:154	arg1	findings					156:163	histological findings	143:163	histological findings	143:163	Femoral epiphyseal cartilage matrix changes at predilection sites of equine osteochondrosis: Quantitative MRI, second-harmonic microscopy, and histological findings.
27734566	10	78	dep	structure	1563:1571	arg1	this					1551:1554	this	1551:1554	this	1551:1554	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	10	78	dep	structure	1563:1571	arg1	physiological					1597:1609	physiological	1597:1609	physiological	1597:1609	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	9	79	theme	region	1403:1408	arg1	evaluation					1384:1393	Microscopic evaluation	1372:1393	Microscopic evaluation of this region	1372:1408	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	12	80	theme	non-invasive	1878:1889	arg1	studies					1904:1910	future non-invasive longitudinal studies	1871:1910	future non-invasive longitudinal studies	1871:1910	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	2	81	theme	focal	444:448	arg1	ischemia					450:457	the focal ischemia	440:457	the focal ischemia	440:457	The upstream events leading to the focal ischemia remain unknown.
27734566	7	82	theme	trochlea	1203:1210	arg1	third					1190:1194	third	1190:1194	third	1190:1194	Growth cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were significantly increased (p < 0.002) within the proximal third of the trochlea, a site predisposed to osteochondrosis, when compared with other regions.
27734566	1	83	theme	specific	336:343	arg1	horses					401:406	horses	401:406	horses	401:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	1	83	theme	specific	336:343	arg1	sites					345:349	specific sites	336:349	specific sites	336:349	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	1	84	theme	cartilage	234:242	arg1	chondronecrosis					197:211	an ischemic chondronecrosis	185:211	an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	185:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	1	84	theme	cartilage	234:242	arg1	Osteochondrosis					166:180	Osteochondrosis	166:180	Osteochondrosis	166:180	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
27734566	11	85	theme	additional	1784:1793	arg1	investigations					1795:1808	additional investigations	1784:1808	additional investigations	1784:1808	However, additional investigations are now required to confirm this.
27734566	5	86	dep	MRI	947:949	arg1	qMRI					955:958	3T qMRI	952:958	3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps	952:975	Subregions in neonatal foal femoral epiphyses (n = 10 osteochondrosis predisposed; n = 6 control) were assessed for proteoglycan and collagen structure/content employing 3T quantitative MRI (3T qMRI: T1ρ and T2 maps).
27734566	3	87	theme	growth	490:495	arg1	matrix					507:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix	475:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix	475:512	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	3	88	theme	proteoglycan	529:540	arg1	macromolecules					555:568	proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules	529:568	proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules	529:568	The epiphyseal growth cartilage matrix is composed of proteoglycan and collagen macromolecules and encases its vascular tree in canals.
27734566	9	89	theme	low	1442:1444	arg1	content					1459:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	low proteoglycan content	1442:1465	Microscopic evaluation of this region revealed an expansive area with low proteoglycan content and a hypertrophic-like appearance on second-harmonic microscopy.
27734566	8	90	dep	specimens	1361:1369	arg1	predisposed					1349:1359	predisposed	1349:1359	predisposed	1349:1359	However, this was observed in both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens.
27734566	8	90	dep	specimens	1361:1369	arg1	both					1316:1319	both	1316:1319	both	1316:1319	However, this was observed in both control and osteochondrosis predisposed specimens.
27734566	12	91	theme	osteochondrosis	1925:1939	arg1	trajectory					1949:1958	the osteochondrosis disease trajectory	1921:1958	the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans	1921:1980	3T qMRI will be useful for future non-invasive longitudinal studies to track the osteochondrosis disease trajectory in animals and humans.
27734566	10	92	with	risk	1710:1713	arg1	trauma					1740:1745	trauma	1740:1745	trauma leading to osteochondrosis	1740:1772	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	10	93	theme	growth	1638:1643	arg1	cartilage					1645:1653	the epiphyseal growth cartilage	1623:1653	the epiphyseal growth cartilage	1623:1653	We speculate that this matrix structure and composition, though physiological, may weaken the epiphyseal growth cartilage biomechanically in focal regions and could enhance the risk of vascular failure with trauma leading to osteochondrosis.
27734566	1	94	theme	failure	266:272	arg1	dissecans					323:331	focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans	260:331	focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses	260:406	Osteochondrosis is an ischemic chondronecrosis of epiphyseal growth cartilage that results in focal failure of endochondral ossification and osteochondritis dissecans at specific sites in the epiphyses of humans and animals, including horses.
26523399	4	0	theme	bioinks	919:925	arg1	viscoelasticity					886:900	the viscoelasticity	882:900	the viscoelasticity of gelatin-based bioinks	882:925	Rheological measurements were utilized to characterize the viscoelasticity of gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	6	1	theme	printing	1172:1179	arg1	process					1181:1187	3D cell printing process	1164:1187	3D cell printing process	1164:1187	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	3	2	theme	temperature	701:711	arg1	concentration					668:680	concentration	668:680	concentration	668:680	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	2	theme	temperature	701:711	arg1	composition					652:662	composition	652:662	composition	652:662	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	0	3	from	rate	54:57	arg1	technology					117:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	7	4	theme	similar	1338:1344	arg1	characteristics					1358:1372	the similar rheological characteristics	1334:1372	the similar rheological characteristics	1334:1372	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	4	5	used	utilized	857:864	arg2	measurements					839:850	Rheological measurements	827:850	Rheological measurements	827:850	Rheological measurements were utilized to characterize the viscoelasticity of gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	6	6	theme	rate	1153:1156	arg1	decline					1128:1134	The decline	1124:1134	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process	1124:1187	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	10	7	theme	referable	1861:1869	arg1	template					1871:1878	a referable template	1859:1878	a referable template for designing new bioinks	1859:1904	This research would be useful for biofabrication researchers to adjust the 3D bioprinting process parameters quickly and as a referable template for designing new bioinks.
26523399	6	8	theme	gelatin-based	1245:1257	arg1	bioinks					1259:1265	the gelatin-based bioinks	1241:1265	the gelatin-based bioinks	1241:1265	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	3	9	theme	survival	760:767	arg1	rate					769:772	cell survival rate	755:772	cell survival rate	755:772	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	10	from	printability	738:749	arg1	technology					815:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	6	11	theme	cell	1167:1170	arg1	process					1181:1187	3D cell printing process	1164:1187	3D cell printing process	1164:1187	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	0	12	from	printability	63:74	arg1	technology					117:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	13	theme	3D	798:799	arg1	technology					815:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	14	theme	3D	618:619	arg1	parameters					635:644	3D cell printing parameters	618:644	3D cell printing parameters	618:644	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	1	15	theme	tissue	305:310	arg1	engineering					312:322	tissue engineering	305:322	tissue engineering	305:322	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	9	16	theme	cell	1693:1696	arg1	rate					1707:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	3	17	theme	printing	806:813	arg1	technology					815:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	18	theme	printing	626:633	arg1	parameters					635:644	3D cell printing parameters	618:644	3D cell printing parameters	618:644	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	1	19	theme	printing	157:164	arg1	technology					166:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology	129:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology	129:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	1	20	dep	Three-dimensional	129:145	arg1	3D					148:149	3D	148:149	3D	148:149	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	0	21	theme	microextrusion-based	79:98	arg1	technology					117:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	9	22	theme	hydrogel	1661:1668	arg1	bioinks					1670:1676	temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks	1625:1676	temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks	1625:1676	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	10	23	theme	biofabrication	1769:1782	arg1	researchers					1784:1794	biofabrication researchers	1769:1794	biofabrication researchers	1769:1794	This research would be useful for biofabrication researchers to adjust the 3D bioprinting process parameters quickly and as a referable template for designing new bioinks.
26523399	0	24	theme	cell	103:106	arg1	technology					117:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	9	25	theme	high	1688:1691	arg1	rate					1707:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	6	26	theme	survival	1144:1151	arg1	rate					1153:1156	cell survival rate	1139:1156	cell survival rate	1139:1156	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	2	27	theme	long-term	458:466	arg1	structure					475:483	long-term stable structure	458:483	long-term stable structure	458:483	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	3	28	from	influence	605:613	arg1	rate					769:772	cell survival rate	755:772	cell survival rate	755:772	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	28	from	influence	605:613	arg1	printability					738:749	printability	738:749	printability	738:749	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	9	29	theme	survival	1698:1705	arg1	rate					1707:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	7	30	theme	3D	1423:1424	arg1	process					1438:1444	3D bioprinting process	1423:1444	3D bioprinting process	1423:1444	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	2	31	theme	cell	503:506	arg1	rate					517:520	high cell survival rate	498:520	high cell survival rate after printing	498:535	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	2	32	theme	high	426:429	arg1	viscoelasticity					431:445	high viscoelasticity	426:445	high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time	426:552	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	0	33	theme	parameters	26:35	arg1	influence					4:12	The influence	0:12	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.	0:127	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	1	34	theme	drug	325:328	arg1	testing					330:336	drug testing	325:336	drug testing	325:336	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	5	35	theme	gelation	1102:1109	arg1	temperature					1111:1121	gelation temperature	1102:1121	gelation temperature	1102:1121	Results demonstrated that the bioink viscoelasticity was increased when increasing the bioink concentration, increasing holding time and decreasing holding temperature below gelation temperature.
26523399	0	36	theme	cell	40:43	arg1	rate					54:57	cell survival rate	40:57	cell survival rate	40:57	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	7	37	theme	cell	1398:1401	arg1	rate					1412:1415	similar cell survival rate	1390:1415	similar cell survival rate	1390:1415	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	3	38	theme	holding	693:699	arg1	temperature					701:711	holding temperature	693:711	holding temperature	693:711	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	10	39	theme	bioprinting	1813:1823	arg1	parameters					1833:1842	the 3D bioprinting process parameters	1806:1842	the 3D bioprinting process parameters	1806:1842	This research would be useful for biofabrication researchers to adjust the 3D bioprinting process parameters quickly and as a referable template for designing new bioinks.
26523399	1	40	theme	cell-laden	227:236	arg1	constructs					250:259	cell-laden tissue-like constructs	227:259	cell-laden tissue-like constructs	227:259	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	3	41	theme	bioink	685:690	arg1	concentration					668:680	concentration	668:680	concentration	668:680	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	41	theme	bioink	685:690	arg1	composition					652:662	composition	652:662	composition	652:662	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	8	42	theme	printability	1538:1549	arg1	fidelity					1561:1568	good printability and shape fidelity	1533:1568	good printability and shape fidelity	1533:1568	On the other hand, bioink viscoelasticity should also reach a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity.
26523399	7	43	theme	different	1277:1285	arg1	combinations					1305:1316	different process parameter combinations	1277:1316	different process parameter combinations	1277:1316	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	3	44	theme	time	725:728	arg1	concentration					668:680	concentration	668:680	concentration	668:680	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	44	theme	time	725:728	arg1	composition					652:662	composition	652:662	composition	652:662	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	1	45	theme	in	265:266	arg1	models					294:299	in vitro tissue/pathological models	265:299	in vitro tissue/pathological models	265:299	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	2	46	with	bioinks	413:419	arg1	viscoelasticity					431:445	high viscoelasticity	426:445	high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time	426:552	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	4	47	theme	gelatin-based	905:917	arg1	bioinks					919:925	gelatin-based bioinks	905:925	gelatin-based bioinks	905:925	Rheological measurements were utilized to characterize the viscoelasticity of gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	7	48	theme	rheological	1346:1356	arg1	characteristics					1358:1372	the similar rheological characteristics	1334:1372	the similar rheological characteristics	1334:1372	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	1	49	theme	tissue/pathological	274:292	arg1	models					294:299	in vitro tissue/pathological models	265:299	in vitro tissue/pathological models	265:299	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	6	50	theme	bioinks	1259:1265	arg1	viscoelasticity					1222:1236	the viscoelasticity	1218:1236	the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks	1218:1265	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	1	51	theme	versatile	192:200	arg1	methodology					202:212	a versatile methodology	190:212	a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications	190:363	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	8	52	theme	shape	1555:1559	arg1	fidelity					1561:1568	good printability and shape fidelity	1533:1568	good printability and shape fidelity	1533:1568	On the other hand, bioink viscoelasticity should also reach a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity.
26523399	5	53	theme	bioink	958:963	arg1	viscoelasticity					965:979	the bioink viscoelasticity	954:979	the bioink viscoelasticity	954:979	Results demonstrated that the bioink viscoelasticity was increased when increasing the bioink concentration, increasing holding time and decreasing holding temperature below gelation temperature.
26523399	9	54	theme	temperature-sensitive	1625:1645	arg1	bioinks					1670:1676	temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks	1625:1676	temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks	1625:1676	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	3	55	theme	cell	755:758	arg1	rate					769:772	cell survival rate	755:772	cell survival rate	755:772	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	1	56	theme	screening	342:350	arg1	applications					352:363	screening applications	342:363	screening applications	342:363	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	7	57	theme	parameter	1295:1303	arg1	combinations					1305:1316	different process parameter combinations	1277:1316	different process parameter combinations	1277:1316	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	3	58	theme	microextrusion-based	777:796	arg1	technology					815:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	3	59	theme	parameters	635:644	arg1	influence					605:613	the influence	601:613	the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	601:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	1	60	theme	Three-dimensional	129:145	arg1	technology					166:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology	129:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology	129:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	1	61	dep	in	265:266	arg1	vitro					268:272	vitro	268:272	vitro	268:272	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	8	62	theme	other	1454:1458	arg1	hand					1460:1463	the other hand	1450:1463	the other hand	1450:1463	On the other hand, bioink viscoelasticity should also reach a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity.
26523399	3	63	theme	cell	621:624	arg1	parameters					635:644	3D cell printing parameters	618:644	3D cell printing parameters	618:644	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	9	64	theme	3D	1607:1608	arg1	bioprinting					1610:1620	3D bioprinting	1607:1620	3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability	1607:1732	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	1	65	theme	cell	152:155	arg1	technology					166:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology	129:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology	129:175	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	2	66	theme	survival	508:515	arg1	rate					517:520	high cell survival rate	498:520	high cell survival rate after printing	498:535	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	0	67	from	influence	4:12	arg1	printability					63:74	printability	63:74	printability	63:74	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	0	67	from	influence	4:12	arg1	rate					54:57	cell survival rate	40:57	cell survival rate	40:57	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	0	68	theme	3D	100:101	arg1	technology					117:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	9	69	theme	gelatin-based	1647:1659	arg1	bioinks					1670:1676	temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks	1625:1676	temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks	1625:1676	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	10	70	theme	new	1894:1896	arg1	bioinks					1898:1904	new bioinks	1894:1904	new bioinks	1894:1904	This research would be useful for biofabrication researchers to adjust the 3D bioprinting process parameters quickly and as a referable template for designing new bioinks.
26523399	2	71	theme	same	544:547	arg1	time					549:552	the same time	540:552	the same time	540:552	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	9	72	with	bioprinting	1610:1620	arg1	rate					1707:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	high cell survival rate	1688:1710	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	9	72	with	bioprinting	1610:1620	arg1	printability					1721:1732	good printability	1716:1732	good printability	1716:1732	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	0	73	theme	printing	108:115	arg1	technology					117:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	79:126	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	5	74	theme	holding	1048:1054	arg1	time					1056:1059	holding time	1048:1059	holding time	1048:1059	Results demonstrated that the bioink viscoelasticity was increased when increasing the bioink concentration, increasing holding time and decreasing holding temperature below gelation temperature.
26523399	6	75	theme	3D	1164:1165	arg1	process					1181:1187	3D cell printing process	1164:1187	3D cell printing process	1164:1187	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	1	76	theme	tissue-like	238:248	arg1	constructs					250:259	cell-laden tissue-like constructs	227:259	cell-laden tissue-like constructs	227:259	Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technology has provided a versatile methodology to fabricate cell-laden tissue-like constructs and in vitro tissue/pathological models for tissue engineering, drug testing and screening applications.
26523399	2	77	theme	print	407:411	arg1	bioinks					413:419	print bioinks	407:419	print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time	407:552	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	7	78	theme	bioprinting	1426:1436	arg1	process					1438:1444	3D bioprinting process	1423:1444	3D bioprinting process	1423:1444	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	2	79	theme	stable	468:473	arg1	structure					475:483	long-term stable structure	458:483	long-term stable structure	458:483	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	3	80	from	rate	769:772	arg1	technology					815:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	8	81	theme	bioink	1466:1471	arg1	viscoelasticity					1473:1487	bioink viscoelasticity	1466:1487	bioink viscoelasticity	1466:1487	On the other hand, bioink viscoelasticity should also reach a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity.
26523399	0	82	theme	printing	17:24	arg1	parameters					26:35	printing parameters	17:35	printing parameters	17:35	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	4	83	theme	Rheological	827:837	arg1	measurements					839:850	Rheological measurements	827:850	Rheological measurements	827:850	Rheological measurements were utilized to characterize the viscoelasticity of gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	5	84	theme	bioink	1015:1020	arg1	concentration					1022:1034	the bioink concentration	1011:1034	the bioink concentration	1011:1034	Results demonstrated that the bioink viscoelasticity was increased when increasing the bioink concentration, increasing holding time and decreasing holding temperature below gelation temperature.
26523399	6	85	theme	cell	1139:1142	arg1	rate					1153:1156	cell survival rate	1139:1156	cell survival rate	1139:1156	The decline of cell survival rate after 3D cell printing process was observed when increasing the viscoelasticity of the gelatin-based bioinks.
26523399	9	86	theme	bioinks	1670:1676	arg1	bioprinting					1610:1620	3D bioprinting	1607:1620	3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability	1607:1732	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	7	87	theme	survival	1403:1410	arg1	rate					1412:1415	similar cell survival rate	1390:1415	similar cell survival rate	1390:1415	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	2	88	theme	high	498:501	arg1	rate					517:520	high cell survival rate	498:520	high cell survival rate after printing	498:535	However, it still remains a challenge to print bioinks with high viscoelasticity to achieve long-term stable structure and maintain high cell survival rate after printing at the same time.
26523399	7	89	theme	process	1287:1293	arg1	combinations					1305:1316	different process parameter combinations	1277:1316	different process parameter combinations	1277:1316	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	0	90	theme	survival	45:52	arg1	rate					54:57	cell survival rate	40:57	cell survival rate	40:57	The influence of printing parameters on cell survival rate and printability in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	9	91	theme	good	1716:1719	arg1	printability					1721:1732	good printability	1716:1732	good printability	1716:1732	At last, we proposed a protocol for 3D bioprinting of temperature-sensitive gelatin-based hydrogel bioinks with both high cell survival rate and good printability.
26523399	7	92	theme	similar	1390:1396	arg1	rate					1412:1415	similar cell survival rate	1390:1415	similar cell survival rate	1390:1415	However, different process parameter combinations would result in the similar rheological characteristics and thus showed similar cell survival rate after 3D bioprinting process.
26523399	8	93	theme	certain	1509:1515	arg1	point					1517:1521	a certain point	1507:1521	a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity	1507:1568	On the other hand, bioink viscoelasticity should also reach a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity.
26523399	10	94	theme	process	1825:1831	arg1	parameters					1833:1842	the 3D bioprinting process parameters	1806:1842	the 3D bioprinting process parameters	1806:1842	This research would be useful for biofabrication researchers to adjust the 3D bioprinting process parameters quickly and as a referable template for designing new bioinks.
26523399	3	95	dep	printability	738:749	arg1	the					734:736	the	734:736	the	734:736	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	10	96	theme	3D	1810:1811	arg1	parameters					1833:1842	the 3D bioprinting process parameters	1806:1842	the 3D bioprinting process parameters	1806:1842	This research would be useful for biofabrication researchers to adjust the 3D bioprinting process parameters quickly and as a referable template for designing new bioinks.
26523399	3	97	dep	composition	652:662	arg1	i.e.					647:650	i.e.	647:650	i.e.	647:650	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	5	98	theme	holding	1076:1082	arg1	temperature					1084:1094	holding temperature	1076:1094	holding temperature below gelation temperature	1076:1121	Results demonstrated that the bioink viscoelasticity was increased when increasing the bioink concentration, increasing holding time and decreasing holding temperature below gelation temperature.
26523399	3	99	theme	holding	717:723	arg1	time					725:728	holding time	717:728	holding time	717:728	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
26523399	8	100	theme	good	1533:1536	arg1	fidelity					1561:1568	good printability and shape fidelity	1533:1568	good printability and shape fidelity	1533:1568	On the other hand, bioink viscoelasticity should also reach a certain point to ensure good printability and shape fidelity.
26523399	3	101	theme	cell	801:804	arg1	technology					815:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology	777:824	In this study, we systematically investigated the influence of 3D cell printing parameters, i.e. composition and concentration of bioink, holding temperature and holding time, on the printability and cell survival rate in microextrusion-based 3D cell printing technology.
24858307	5	0	theme	transport	1027:1035	arg1	system					1037:1042	the electron transport system	1014:1042	the electron transport system	1014:1042	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	5	1	theme	phosphorus	897:906	arg1	treatment					908:916	low phosphorus treatment	893:916	low phosphorus treatment	893:916	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	7	2	theme	many	1163:1166	arg1	mechanisms					1219:1228	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	8	3	theme	utilization	1446:1456	arg1	efficiency					1458:1467	its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency	1422:1467	its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency	1422:1467	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	4	4	theme	protein	768:774	arg1	synthesis					776:784	protein synthesis	768:784	protein synthesis	768:784	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	8	5	theme	phosphorus	1365:1374	arg1	stress					1376:1381	phosphorus stress	1365:1381	phosphorus stress	1365:1381	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	7	6	theme	different	1168:1176	arg1	ROS					1203:1205	ROS	1203:1205	ROS	1203:1205	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	7	6	theme	different	1168:1176	arg1	species					1194:1200	different reactive oxygen species	1168:1200	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	5	7	theme	low	893:895	arg1	treatment					908:916	low phosphorus treatment	893:916	low phosphorus treatment	893:916	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	8	8	theme	phosphorus	1435:1444	arg1	efficiency					1458:1467	its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency	1422:1467	its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency	1422:1467	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	9	9	theme	phosphorus	1615:1624	arg1	stress					1626:1631	low phosphorus stress	1611:1631	low phosphorus stress	1611:1631	These results provide important information about how maize responds to low phosphorus stress.
24858307	7	10	theme	antioxidant	1294:1304	arg1	content					1306:1312	its antioxidant content	1290:1312	up-regulating its antioxidant content	1276:1312	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	6	11	theme	peroxides	1132:1140	arg1	accumulation					1116:1127	a large accumulation	1108:1127	a large accumulation of peroxides	1108:1140	Electron transport and photosynthesis restrictions resulted in a large accumulation of peroxides.
24858307	2	12	theme	groups	297:302	arg1	results					282:288	the proteome analysis results	260:288	the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days	260:431	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	13	dep	mechanisms	190:199	arg1	behind					201:206	behind	201:206	behind how maize responds to phosphate stress	201:245	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	14	dep	µM	360:361	arg1	control					364:370	control	364:370	control	364:370	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	5	15	theme	Calvin	997:1002	arg1	cycle					1004:1008	the Calvin cycle	993:1008	the Calvin cycle	993:1008	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	4	16	theme	cell	787:790	arg1	rescue					792:797	cell rescue	787:797	cell rescue	787:797	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	0	17	theme	Comparative	0:10	arg1	analyses					22:29	Comparative proteomic analyses	0:29	Comparative proteomic analyses	0:29	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	7	18	theme	up-regulating	1276:1288	arg1	content					1306:1312	its antioxidant content	1290:1312	up-regulating its antioxidant content	1276:1312	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	4	19	theme	carbohydrate	681:692	arg1	metabolism					694:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	7	20	theme	phosphorus	1247:1256	arg1	stress					1258:1263	low phosphorus stress	1243:1263	low phosphorus stress	1243:1263	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	4	21	theme	signal	747:752	arg1	transduction					754:765	signal transduction	747:765	signal transduction	747:765	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	0	22	dep	maize	92:96	arg1	leaves					98:103	leaves	98:103	leaves	98:103	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	0	23	theme	proteomic	12:20	arg1	analyses					22:29	Comparative proteomic analyses	0:29	Comparative proteomic analyses	0:29	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	6	24	theme	photosynthesis	1068:1081	arg1	restrictions					1083:1094	photosynthesis restrictions	1068:1094	photosynthesis restrictions	1068:1094	Electron transport and photosynthesis restrictions resulted in a large accumulation of peroxides.
24858307	2	25	dep	group	410:414	arg1	-P					417:418	-P	417:418	-P	417:418	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	7	26	theme	oxygen	1187:1192	arg1	ROS					1203:1205	ROS	1203:1205	ROS	1203:1205	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	7	26	theme	oxygen	1187:1192	arg1	species					1194:1200	different reactive oxygen species	1168:1200	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	metabolism					713:722	energy metabolism	706:722	energy metabolism	706:722	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	transduction					754:765	signal transduction	747:765	signal transduction	747:765	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	photosynthesis					665:678	photosynthesis	665:678	photosynthesis	665:678	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	metabolism					735:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	synthesis					776:784	protein synthesis	768:784	protein synthesis	768:784	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	pathways					645:652	several major metabolic pathways	621:652	several major metabolic pathways	621:652	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	metabolism					694:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	virulence					820:828	virulence	820:828	virulence	820:828	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	27	theme	metabolic	635:643	arg1	rescue					792:797	cell rescue	787:797	cell rescue	787:797	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	3	28	dep	changed	506:512	arg1	P<0.05					515:520	P<0.05	515:520	P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold	515:531	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	2	29	theme	intervention	397:408	arg1	group					410:414	intervention group	397:414	intervention group	397:414	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	29	theme	intervention	397:408	arg1	µM					383:384	5 µM	381:384	5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P)	381:419	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	8	30	theme	starch	1499:1504	arg1	synthesis					1506:1514	starch synthesis	1499:1514	starch synthesis	1499:1514	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	2	31	theme	maize	307:311	arg1	maize					307:311	maize leaves	307:318	maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days	307:431	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	31	theme	maize	307:311	arg1	groups					297:302	two groups	293:302	two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days	293:431	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	7	32	theme	low	1243:1245	arg1	stress					1258:1263	low phosphorus stress	1243:1263	low phosphorus stress	1243:1263	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	metabolism					713:722	energy metabolism	706:722	energy metabolism	706:722	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	transduction					754:765	signal transduction	747:765	signal transduction	747:765	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	photosynthesis					665:678	photosynthesis	665:678	photosynthesis	665:678	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	metabolism					735:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	synthesis					776:784	protein synthesis	768:784	protein synthesis	768:784	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	pathways					645:652	several major metabolic pathways	621:652	several major metabolic pathways	621:652	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	metabolism					694:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	virulence					820:828	virulence	820:828	virulence	820:828	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	33	theme	major	629:633	arg1	rescue					792:797	cell rescue	787:797	cell rescue	787:797	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	6	34	theme	Electron	1045:1052	arg1	transport					1054:1062	Electron transport	1045:1062	Electron transport	1045:1062	Electron transport and photosynthesis restrictions resulted in a large accumulation of peroxides.
24858307	3	35	theme	2-DE	481:484	arg1	maps					486:489	2-DE maps	481:489	2-DE maps	481:489	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	3	36	located	detected	469:476	arg2	spots					458:462	1,342 protein spots	444:462	1,342 protein spots	444:462	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	3	36	located	detected	469:476	arg1	total					437:441	total	437:441	total	437:441	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	3	36	located	detected	469:476	arg1	maps					486:489	2-DE maps	481:489	2-DE maps	481:489	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	3	37	dep	P<0.05	515:520	arg1	≥1.5-fold					523:531	≥1.5-fold	523:531	P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold	515:531	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	2	38	theme	KH2PO4	389:394	arg1	µM					383:384	5 µM	381:384	5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P)	381:419	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	38	theme	KH2PO4	389:394	arg1	group					410:414	intervention group	397:414	intervention group	397:414	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	38	theme	KH2PO4	389:394	arg1	µM					360:361	1,000 µM	354:361	1,000 µM (control, +P)	354:375	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	5	39	theme	CO2	977:979	arg1	enrichment					981:990	CO2 enrichment	977:990	CO2 enrichment	977:990	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	1	40	theme	Phosphorus	106:115	arg1	deficiency					117:126	Phosphorus deficiency	106:126	Phosphorus deficiency	106:126	Phosphorus deficiency limits plant growth and development.
24858307	0	41	from	responses	79:87	arg1	maize					92:96	maize leaves	92:103	maize leaves	92:103	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	4	42	theme	secondary	725:733	arg1	metabolism					735:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	7	43	theme	scavenging	1208:1217	arg1	mechanisms					1219:1228	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	0	44	theme	new	39:41	arg1	insights					43:50	new insights	39:50	new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves	39:103	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	7	45	theme	antioxidase	1318:1328	arg1	activity					1330:1337	antioxidase activity	1318:1337	antioxidase activity	1318:1337	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	0	46	theme	low	57:59	arg1	responses					79:87	low phosphorus stress responses	57:87	low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves	57:103	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	8	47	theme	lipid	1520:1524	arg1	composition					1526:1536	lipid composition	1520:1536	lipid composition	1520:1536	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	4	48	theme	cell	803:806	arg1	defense					808:814	cell defense	803:814	cell defense	803:814	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	8	49	theme	long	1390:1393	arg1	period					1395:1400	a long period	1388:1400	a long period	1388:1400	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	2	50	theme	phosphate	230:238	arg1	stress					240:245	phosphate stress	230:245	phosphate stress	230:245	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	8	51	theme	internal	1426:1433	arg1	efficiency					1458:1467	its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency	1422:1467	its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency	1422:1467	After being subjected to phosphorus stress over a long period, maize may increase its internal phosphorus utilization efficiency by altering photorespiration, starch synthesis and lipid composition.
24858307	5	52	theme	proteins	956:963	arg1	down-regulation					933:947	the down-regulation	929:947	the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system	929:1042	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	9	53	theme	low	1611:1613	arg1	stress					1626:1631	low phosphorus stress	1611:1631	low phosphorus stress	1611:1631	These results provide important information about how maize responds to low phosphorus stress.
24858307	6	54	theme	large	1110:1114	arg1	accumulation					1116:1127	a large accumulation	1108:1127	a large accumulation of peroxides	1108:1140	Electron transport and photosynthesis restrictions resulted in a large accumulation of peroxides.
24858307	9	55	theme	important	1561:1569	arg1	information					1571:1581	important information	1561:1581	important information about how maize responds to low phosphorus stress	1561:1631	These results provide important information about how maize responds to low phosphorus stress.
24858307	3	56	theme	-P	579:580	arg1	groups					582:587	the +P and -P groups	568:587	the +P and -P groups	568:587	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	2	57	theme	proteome	264:271	arg1	results					282:288	the proteome analysis results	260:288	the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days	260:431	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	1	58	theme	plant	135:139	arg1	growth					141:146	plant growth	135:146	plant growth	135:146	Phosphorus deficiency limits plant growth and development.
24858307	5	59	from	reduction	859:867	arg1	photosynthesis					872:885	photosynthesis	872:885	photosynthesis	872:885	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	2	60	theme	analysis	273:280	arg1	results					282:288	the proteome analysis results	260:288	the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days	260:431	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	61	dep	control	364:370	arg1	+P					373:374	+P	373:374	+P	373:374	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	2	62	dep	maize	307:311	arg1	leaves					313:318	leaves	313:318	leaves	313:318	To better understand the mechanisms behind how maize responds to phosphate stress, we compared the proteome analysis results of two groups of maize leaves that were treated separately with 1,000 µM (control, +P) and 5 µM of KH2PO4 (intervention group, -P) for 25 days.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	metabolism					713:722	energy metabolism	706:722	energy metabolism	706:722	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	transduction					754:765	signal transduction	747:765	signal transduction	747:765	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	photosynthesis					665:678	photosynthesis	665:678	photosynthesis	665:678	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	metabolism					735:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	secondary metabolism	725:744	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	synthesis					776:784	protein synthesis	768:784	protein synthesis	768:784	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	pathways					645:652	several major metabolic pathways	621:652	several major metabolic pathways	621:652	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	metabolism					694:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	carbohydrate metabolism	681:703	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	virulence					820:828	virulence	820:828	virulence	820:828	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	4	63	theme	several	621:627	arg1	rescue					792:797	cell rescue	787:797	cell rescue	787:797	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	0	64	theme	stress	72:77	arg1	responses					79:87	low phosphorus stress responses	57:87	low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves	57:103	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	3	65	theme	+P	572:573	arg1	groups					582:587	the +P and -P groups	568:587	the +P and -P groups	568:587	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
24858307	7	66	theme	reactive	1178:1185	arg1	ROS					1203:1205	ROS	1203:1205	ROS	1203:1205	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	7	66	theme	reactive	1178:1185	arg1	species					1194:1200	different reactive oxygen species	1168:1200	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	0	67	theme	phosphorus	61:70	arg1	responses					79:87	low phosphorus stress responses	57:87	low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves	57:103	Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves.
24858307	5	68	theme	electron	1018:1025	arg1	system					1037:1042	the electron transport system	1014:1042	the electron transport system	1014:1042	The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis under low phosphorus treatment was due to the down-regulation of the proteins involved in CO2 enrichment, the Calvin cycle and the electron transport system.
24858307	4	69	theme	energy	706:711	arg1	metabolism					713:722	energy metabolism	706:722	energy metabolism	706:722	These proteins are involved in several major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis, cell rescue and cell defense and virulence.
24858307	7	70	theme	species	1194:1200	arg1	mechanisms					1219:1228	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms	1163:1228	Maize has developed many different reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low phosphorus stress, including up-regulating its antioxidant content and antioxidase activity.
24858307	3	71	theme	protein	450:456	arg1	spots					458:462	1,342 protein spots	444:462	1,342 protein spots	444:462	In total, 1,342 protein spots were detected on 2-DE maps and 15.43% had changed (P<0.05; ≥1.5-fold) significantly in quantity between the +P and -P groups.
29244868	2	0	theme	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD	471:484	arg1	copolymers					486:495	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers	471:495	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers	471:495	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	6	1	theme	equilibrium	939:949	arg1	ratio					960:964	the equilibrium swelling ratio	935:964	the equilibrium swelling ratio	935:964	Administering β-CD via hydrogels increased the equilibrium swelling ratio, elastic modulus and tensile strength.
29244868	1	2	theme	cataract	162:169	arg1	surgery					171:177	cataract surgery	162:177	cataract surgery	162:177	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	4	3	with	transmittance	627:639	arg1	fibroblasts					719:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	2	4	theme	β-CD	528:531	arg1	ratios					518:523	different ratios	508:523	different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt	508:556	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	1	5	theme	intraocular	344:354	arg1	IOLs					362:365	IOLs	362:365	IOLs	362:365	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	5	theme	intraocular	344:354	arg1	lens					356:359	intraocular lens	344:359	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone	344:456	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	7	6	theme	cellular	1122:1129	arg1	adhesion					1131:1138	higher cellular adhesion	1115:1138	higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels	1115:1155	In addition, β-CD increased the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels.
29244868	1	7	theme	sustained	423:431	arg1	release					433:439	the sustained release	419:439	the sustained release of dexamethasone	419:456	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	5	8	theme	Drug	732:735	arg1	loading					737:743	Drug loading and release studies	732:763	loading	737:743	Drug loading and release studies demonstrated that introducing β-CD into hydrogels increased loading efficiency and achieved the sustained release of the drug.
29244868	1	9	theme	lens	356:359	arg1	hydrogels					254:262	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels	180:262	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD)	180:312	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	9	theme	lens	356:359	arg1	biomaterials					368:379	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials	344:379	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone	344:456	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	4	10	from	wavelengths	652:662	arg1	biocompatibility					673:688	good biocompatibility	668:688	good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	668:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	4	10	from	wavelengths	652:662	arg1	transmittance					627:639	high transmittance	622:639	high transmittance at visible wavelengths	622:662	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	4	11	theme	connective	701:710	arg1	fibroblasts					719:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	8	12	theme	sustained	1272:1280	arg1	release					1282:1288	the sustained release	1268:1288	the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs	1268:1315	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	2	13	theme	different	508:516	arg1	ratios					518:523	different ratios	508:523	different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt	508:556	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	7	14	theme	higher	1115:1120	arg1	adhesion					1131:1138	higher cellular adhesion	1115:1138	higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels	1115:1155	In addition, β-CD increased the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels.
29244868	1	15	theme	dexamethasone	444:456	arg1	release					433:439	the sustained release	419:439	the sustained release of dexamethasone	419:456	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	8	16	theme	great	1200:1204	arg1	potential					1206:1214	great potential	1200:1214	great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery	1200:1338	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	1	17	theme	poly	180:183	arg1	hydrogels					254:262	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels	180:262	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD)	180:312	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	17	theme	poly	180:183	arg1	biomaterials					368:379	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials	344:379	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone	344:456	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	7	18	theme	contact	1097:1103	arg1	angle					1105:1109	a lower water contact angle	1083:1109	a lower water contact angle	1083:1109	In addition, β-CD increased the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels.
29244868	5	19	theme	release	749:755	arg1	studies					757:763	Drug loading and release studies	732:763	studies	757:763	Drug loading and release studies demonstrated that introducing β-CD into hydrogels increased loading efficiency and achieved the sustained release of the drug.
29244868	4	20	with	biocompatibility	673:688	arg1	fibroblasts					719:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	5	21	theme	drug	886:889	arg1	release					871:877	the sustained release	857:877	the sustained release of the drug	857:889	Drug loading and release studies demonstrated that introducing β-CD into hydrogels increased loading efficiency and achieved the sustained release of the drug.
29244868	5	22	theme	loading	825:831	arg1	efficiency					833:842	loading efficiency	825:842	loading efficiency	825:842	Drug loading and release studies demonstrated that introducing β-CD into hydrogels increased loading efficiency and achieved the sustained release of the drug.
29244868	1	23	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	185:198	arg1	methacrylate					223:234	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate	185:234	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate	185:234	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	23	theme	2-hydroxyethyl	185:198	arg1	poly					180:183	poly	180:183	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD)	180:312	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	8	24	theme	IOL	1219:1221	arg1	biomaterials					1223:1234	IOL biomaterials	1219:1234	IOL biomaterials	1219:1234	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	2	25	dep	ratios	518:523	arg1	wt					555:556	2.77 to 10.24 wt	541:556	2.77 to 10.24 wt	541:556	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	2	25	dep	ratios	518:523	arg1	range					534:538	range	534:538	range	534:538	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	8	26	theme	cataract	1323:1330	arg1	surgery					1332:1338	cataract surgery	1323:1338	cataract surgery	1323:1338	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	1	27	theme	methacrylate-co-methyl	200:221	arg1	methacrylate					223:234	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate	185:234	2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate	185:234	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	27	theme	methacrylate-co-methyl	200:221	arg1	poly					180:183	poly	180:183	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD)	180:312	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	6	28	theme	tensile	987:993	arg1	strength					995:1002	tensile strength	987:1002	tensile strength	987:1002	Administering β-CD via hydrogels increased the equilibrium swelling ratio, elastic modulus and tensile strength.
29244868	7	29	theme	water	1091:1095	arg1	angle					1105:1109	a lower water contact angle	1083:1109	a lower water contact angle	1083:1109	In addition, β-CD increased the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels.
29244868	4	30	contain	had	618:620	arg2	biocompatibility					673:688	good biocompatibility	668:688	good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	668:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	4	30	contain	had	618:620	arg1	polymers					609:616	The polymers	605:616	The polymers	605:616	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	4	30	contain	had	618:620	arg2	transmittance					627:639	high transmittance	622:639	high transmittance at visible wavelengths	622:662	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	4	31	theme	mouse	695:699	arg1	fibroblasts					719:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	5	32	theme	sustained	861:869	arg1	release					871:877	the sustained release	857:877	the sustained release of the drug	857:889	Drug loading and release studies demonstrated that introducing β-CD into hydrogels increased loading efficiency and achieved the sustained release of the drug.
29244868	4	33	theme	visible	644:650	arg1	wavelengths					652:662	visible wavelengths	644:662	visible wavelengths	644:662	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	4	34	theme	high	622:625	arg1	transmittance					627:639	high transmittance	622:639	high transmittance at visible wavelengths	622:662	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	0	35	theme	intraocular	40:50	arg1	lens					52:55	an intraocular lens	37:55	an intraocular lens for sustained drug release	37:82	Cyclodextrin-containing hydrogels as an intraocular lens for sustained drug release.
29244868	8	36	theme	drugs	1311:1315	arg1	release					1282:1288	the sustained release	1268:1288	the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs	1268:1315	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	8	37	theme	anti-inflammatory	1293:1309	arg1	drugs					1311:1315	anti-inflammatory drugs	1293:1315	anti-inflammatory drugs	1293:1315	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	0	38	theme	sustained	61:69	arg1	release					76:82	sustained drug release	61:82	sustained drug release	61:82	Cyclodextrin-containing hydrogels as an intraocular lens for sustained drug release.
29244868	6	39	theme	elastic	967:973	arg1	modulus					975:981	elastic modulus	967:981	elastic modulus	967:981	Administering β-CD via hydrogels increased the equilibrium swelling ratio, elastic modulus and tensile strength.
29244868	2	40	theme	copolymers	486:495	arg1	series					461:466	A series	459:466	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers	459:495	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	1	41	theme	anti-inflammatory	112:128	arg1	factors					130:136	anti-inflammatory factors	112:136	anti-inflammatory factors	112:136	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	7	42	theme	lower	1085:1089	arg1	angle					1105:1109	a lower water contact angle	1083:1109	a lower water contact angle	1083:1109	In addition, β-CD increased the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels.
29244868	1	43	dep	poly	180:183	arg1	HEMA-co-MMA					240:250	HEMA-co-MMA	240:250	HEMA-co-MMA	240:250	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	43	dep	poly	180:183	arg1	p					238:238	p	238:238	p(HEMA-co-MMA)	238:251	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	44	theme	factors	130:136	arg1	efficacy					100:107	the efficacy	96:107	the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery	96:177	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	45	from	efficacy	100:107	arg1	patients					141:148	patients	141:148	patients who undergo cataract surgery	141:177	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	8	46	theme	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD	1170:1183	arg1	hydrogels					1185:1193	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels	1170:1193	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels	1170:1193	In summary, pHEMA/MMA/β-CD hydrogels show great potential as IOL biomaterials that are capable of maintaining the sustained release of anti-inflammatory drugs after cataract surgery.
29244868	7	47	theme	hydrogels	1059:1067	arg1	hydrophilicity					1037:1050	the hydrophilicity	1033:1050	the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels	1033:1067	In addition, β-CD increased the hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and higher cellular adhesion to the hydrogels.
29244868	1	48	contain	containing	264:273	arg2	β-cyclodextrin					275:288	β-cyclodextrin	275:288	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD)	275:312	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	48	contain	containing	264:273	arg1	hydrogels					254:262	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels	180:262	poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD)	180:312	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	48	contain	containing	264:273	arg1	biomaterials					368:379	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials	344:379	intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone	344:456	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	48	contain	containing	264:273	arg2	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD					298:311	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD	298:311	pHEMA/MMA/β-CD	298:311	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	1	48	contain	containing	264:273	arg2	β-CD					291:294	β-CD	291:294	β-CD	291:294	To improve the efficacy of anti-inflammatory factors in patients who undergo cataract surgery, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-MMA)) hydrogels containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (pHEMA/MMA/β-CD) were designed and prepared as intraocular lens (IOLs) biomaterials that could be loaded with and achieve the sustained release of dexamethasone.
29244868	4	49	theme	tissue	712:717	arg1	fibroblasts					719:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	695:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	2	50	dep	10.24	549:553	arg1	to					546:547	to	546:547	to	546:547	A series of pHEMA/MMA/β-CD copolymers containing different ratios of β-CD (range, 2.77 to 10.24 wt.
29244868	4	51	theme	good	668:671	arg1	biocompatibility					673:688	good biocompatibility	668:688	good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts	668:729	The polymers had high transmittance at visible wavelengths and good biocompatibility with mouse connective tissue fibroblasts.
29244868	0	52	theme	drug	71:74	arg1	release					76:82	sustained drug release	61:82	sustained drug release	61:82	Cyclodextrin-containing hydrogels as an intraocular lens for sustained drug release.
29244868	6	53	theme	swelling	951:958	arg1	ratio					960:964	the equilibrium swelling ratio	935:964	the equilibrium swelling ratio	935:964	Administering β-CD via hydrogels increased the equilibrium swelling ratio, elastic modulus and tensile strength.
29244868	3	54	theme	thermal	581:587	arg1	polymerization					589:602	thermal polymerization	581:602	thermal polymerization	581:602	%) were obtained using thermal polymerization.
28259463	8	0	used	used	1199:1202	arg2	staining					1186:1193	Safranin-O staining	1175:1193	Safranin-O staining	1175:1193	Safranin-O staining was used to quantify proteoglycan content.
28259463	9	1	from	%	1254:1254	arg1	specimens					1292:1300	Cam specimens	1288:1300	Cam specimens compared to controls	1288:1321	ES and ν were 71% and 37% lower, respectively, in Cam specimens compared to controls, and k0 was approximately triple that of Control specimens (p<0.05).
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	ES					963:964	ES	963:964	ES	963:964	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	ν					985:985	ν	985:985	ν	985:985	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	permeability					992:1003	permeability	992:1003	permeability (k0)	992:1008	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	moduli					1092:1097	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	moduli	1092:1097	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	E0					1068:1069	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	E0	1068:1069	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	ratio					978:982	Poisson's ratio	968:982	Poisson's ratio (ν)	968:986	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	modulus					954:960	the modulus	950:960	the modulus (ES)	950:965	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	2	theme	fibril-reinforcement	1106:1125	arg1	k0					1006:1007	k0	1006:1007	k0	1006:1007	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	1	3	theme	cartilage	157:165	arg1	damage					167:172	significant acetabular cartilage damage	134:172	significant acetabular cartilage damage	134:172	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with significant acetabular cartilage damage and degenerative arthritis.
28259463	12	4	theme	cam	1615:1617	arg1	deformity					1619:1627	the cam deformity	1611:1627	the cam deformity	1611:1627	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	4	5	theme	FAI	609:611	arg1	deformity					613:621	a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	591:621	a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	591:621	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	12	6	with	consistent	1727:1736	arg1	osteoarthritis					1743:1756	osteoarthritis	1743:1756	osteoarthritis	1743:1756	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	12	7	theme	changes	1711:1717	arg1	terms					1661:1665	terms	1661:1665	terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes	1661:1717	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	12	8	theme	severe	1638:1643	arg1	degeneration					1645:1656	severe degeneration	1638:1656	severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes	1638:1717	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	4	9	theme	cam	605:607	arg1	deformity					613:621	a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	591:621	a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	591:621	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	10	10	theme	significant	1395:1405	arg1	differences					1407:1417	No significant differences	1392:1417	No significant differences	1392:1417	No significant differences were seen in the fibrillar components, E0 and Eε.
28259463	12	11	theme	composition	1699:1709	arg1	changes					1711:1717	composition changes	1699:1717	composition changes	1699:1717	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	12	12	from	degeneration	1645:1656	arg1	terms					1661:1665	terms	1661:1665	terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes	1661:1717	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	5	13	theme	Osteochondral	688:700	arg1	specimens					702:710	Osteochondral specimens	688:710	Osteochondral specimens	688:710	Osteochondral specimens were retrieved from the deformity during surgery using a trephine.
28259463	4	14	theme	deformity	613:621	arg1	treatment					578:586	surgical treatment	569:586	surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	569:621	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	9	15	theme	Cam	1288:1290	arg1	specimens					1292:1300	Cam specimens	1288:1300	Cam specimens compared to controls	1288:1321	ES and ν were 71% and 37% lower, respectively, in Cam specimens compared to controls, and k0 was approximately triple that of Control specimens (p<0.05).
28259463	10	16	theme	fibrillar	1436:1444	arg1	E0					1458:1459	E0	1458:1459	E0	1458:1459	No significant differences were seen in the fibrillar components, E0 and Eε.
28259463	10	16	theme	fibrillar	1436:1444	arg1	components					1446:1455	the fibrillar components	1432:1455	the fibrillar components	1432:1455	No significant differences were seen in the fibrillar components, E0 and Eε.
28259463	10	16	theme	fibrillar	1436:1444	arg1	Eε					1465:1466	Eε	1465:1466	Eε	1465:1466	No significant differences were seen in the fibrillar components, E0 and Eε.
28259463	13	17	theme	osteoarthritis	1823:1836	arg1	FAI					1801:1803	FAI	1801:1803	FAI	1801:1803	This further supports the hypothesis that FAI is a cause of hip osteoarthritis.
28259463	13	17	theme	osteoarthritis	1823:1836	arg1	cause					1810:1814	a cause	1808:1814	a cause of hip osteoarthritis	1808:1836	This further supports the hypothesis that FAI is a cause of hip osteoarthritis.
28259463	4	18	theme	authors	679:685	arg1	one					668:670	one	668:670	one	668:670	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	4	18	theme	authors	679:685	arg1	authors					679:685	the authors	675:685	the authors	675:685	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	7	19	theme	finite	1133:1138	arg1	analysis					1148:1155	finite element analysis	1133:1155	finite element analysis	1133:1155	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	6	20	theme	femoral	830:836	arg1	head					838:841	the anterior femoral head	817:841	the anterior femoral head bearing surface during autopsy procedures	817:883	Control specimens were retrieved from the anterior femoral head bearing surface during autopsy procedures.
28259463	7	21	theme	stress-relaxation	898:914	arg1	tests					916:920	Indentation stress-relaxation tests	886:920	Indentation stress-relaxation tests	886:920	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	1	22	theme	degenerative	178:189	arg1	arthritis					191:199	degenerative arthritis	178:199	degenerative arthritis	178:199	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with significant acetabular cartilage damage and degenerative arthritis.
28259463	6	23	theme	anterior	821:828	arg1	head					838:841	the anterior femoral head	817:841	the anterior femoral head bearing surface during autopsy procedures	817:883	Control specimens were retrieved from the anterior femoral head bearing surface during autopsy procedures.
28259463	1	24	theme	Femoro-acetabular	79:95	arg1	impingement					97:107	Femoro-acetabular impingement	79:107	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI)	79:113	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with significant acetabular cartilage damage and degenerative arthritis.
28259463	1	24	theme	Femoro-acetabular	79:95	arg1	FAI					110:112	FAI	110:112	FAI	110:112	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with significant acetabular cartilage damage and degenerative arthritis.
28259463	7	25	theme	Eε	1088:1089	arg1	moduli					1092:1097	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	moduli	1092:1097	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	11	26	theme	Cam	1520:1522	arg1	specimens					1524:1532	Cam specimens	1520:1532	Cam specimens	1520:1532	Proteoglycan content was substantially depleted in Cam specimens, and was correlated with ES, ν and k0.
28259463	0	27	theme	cartilage	18:26	arg1	layer					28:32	the cartilage layer	14:32	the cartilage layer	14:32	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.
28259463	8	28	theme	Safranin-O	1175:1184	arg1	staining					1186:1193	Safranin-O staining	1175:1193	Safranin-O staining	1175:1193	Safranin-O staining was used to quantify proteoglycan content.
28259463	12	29	theme	behaviour	1685:1693	arg1	terms					1661:1665	terms	1661:1665	terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes	1661:1717	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	3	30	dep	properties	443:452	arg1	the					409:411	the	409:411	the	409:411	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	3	31	theme	cam	488:490	arg1	deformities					492:502	cam deformities	488:502	cam deformities	488:502	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	3	32	theme	study	387:391	arg1	objective					369:377	The objective	365:377	The objective of this study	365:391	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	4	33	theme	symptomatic	593:603	arg1	deformity					613:621	a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	591:621	a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	591:621	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	7	34	theme	-dependent	1076:1085	arg1	moduli					1092:1097	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	moduli	1092:1097	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	35	theme	poroelastic	1017:1027	arg1	component					1029:1037	the poroelastic component	1013:1037	the poroelastic component	1013:1037	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	2	36	theme	material	310:317	arg1	behaviour					319:327	the material behaviour	306:327	the material behaviour of the cartilage layer	306:350	To understand the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration, the material behaviour of the cartilage layer is required.
28259463	3	37	theme	normal	531:536	arg1	cartilage					538:546	normal cartilage	531:546	normal cartilage	531:546	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	3	38	theme	fibril-reinforced	413:429	arg1	properties					443:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	0	39	from	deformity	68:76	arg1	Properties					0:9	Properties	0:9	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.	0:77	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.
28259463	2	40	theme	biomechanical	244:256	arg1	mechanisms					258:267	the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms	216:267	the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration	216:303	To understand the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration, the material behaviour of the cartilage layer is required.
28259463	3	41	theme	cartilage	473:481	arg1	composition					458:468	composition	458:468	composition	458:468	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	3	41	theme	cartilage	473:481	arg1	properties					443:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	0	42	theme	layer	28:32	arg1	Properties					0:9	Properties	0:9	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.	0:77	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.
28259463	3	43	theme	poroelastic	431:441	arg1	properties					443:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	9	44	theme	Control	1364:1370	arg1	p<0.05					1383:1388	p<0.05	1383:1388	p<0.05	1383:1388	ES and ν were 71% and 37% lower, respectively, in Cam specimens compared to controls, and k0 was approximately triple that of Control specimens (p<0.05).
28259463	9	44	theme	Control	1364:1370	arg1	specimens					1372:1380	Control specimens	1364:1380	Control specimens (p<0.05)	1364:1389	ES and ν were 71% and 37% lower, respectively, in Cam specimens compared to controls, and k0 was approximately triple that of Control specimens (p<0.05).
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	ES					963:964	ES	963:964	ES	963:964	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	ν					985:985	ν	985:985	ν	985:985	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	permeability					992:1003	permeability	992:1003	permeability (k0)	992:1008	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	moduli					1092:1097	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	moduli	1092:1097	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	E0					1068:1069	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	E0	1068:1069	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	ratio					978:982	Poisson's ratio	968:982	Poisson's ratio (ν)	968:986	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	modulus					954:960	the modulus	950:960	the modulus (ES)	950:965	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	45	theme	component	1029:1037	arg1	k0					1006:1007	k0	1006:1007	k0	1006:1007	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	4	46	theme	one	668:670	arg1	practice					656:663	the clinical practice	643:663	the clinical practice of one of the authors	643:685	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	0	47	theme	cam-type	43:50	arg1	deformity					68:76	the cam-type hip impingement deformity	39:76	the cam-type hip impingement deformity	39:76	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.
28259463	7	48	theme	Indentation	886:896	arg1	tests					916:920	Indentation stress-relaxation tests	886:920	Indentation stress-relaxation tests	886:920	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	7	49	theme	strain-independent	1048:1065	arg1	E0					1068:1069	the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli	1044:1097	E0	1068:1069	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	9	50	from	%	1262:1262	arg1	specimens					1292:1300	Cam specimens	1288:1300	Cam specimens compared to controls	1288:1321	ES and ν were 71% and 37% lower, respectively, in Cam specimens compared to controls, and k0 was approximately triple that of Control specimens (p<0.05).
28259463	7	51	theme	element	1140:1146	arg1	analysis					1148:1155	finite element analysis	1133:1155	finite element analysis	1133:1155	Indentation stress-relaxation tests were performed to determine the modulus (ES), Poisson's ratio (ν) and permeability (k0) of the poroelastic component, and the strain-independent (E0) and -dependent (Eε) moduli of the fibril-reinforcement using finite element analysis and optimization.
28259463	4	52	theme	surgical	569:576	arg1	treatment					578:586	surgical treatment	569:586	surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity	569:621	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	2	53	theme	contact	220:226	arg1	mechanisms					258:267	the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms	216:267	the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration	216:303	To understand the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration, the material behaviour of the cartilage layer is required.
28259463	2	54	theme	stress	228:233	arg1	mechanisms					258:267	the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms	216:267	the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration	216:303	To understand the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration, the material behaviour of the cartilage layer is required.
28259463	12	55	theme	mechanical	1674:1683	arg1	behaviour					1685:1693	the mechanical behaviour	1670:1693	the mechanical behaviour	1670:1693	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	3	56	from	deformities	492:502	arg1	composition					458:468	composition	458:468	composition	458:468	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	3	56	from	deformities	492:502	arg1	properties					443:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties	413:452	The objective of this study is to determine the fibril-reinforced poroelastic properties and composition of cartilage from cam deformities and to compare to those of normal cartilage.
28259463	2	57	theme	layer	346:350	arg1	behaviour					319:327	the material behaviour	306:327	the material behaviour of the cartilage layer	306:350	To understand the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration, the material behaviour of the cartilage layer is required.
28259463	6	58	theme	Control	779:785	arg1	specimens					787:795	Control specimens	779:795	Control specimens	779:795	Control specimens were retrieved from the anterior femoral head bearing surface during autopsy procedures.
28259463	2	59	theme	cartilage	336:344	arg1	layer					346:350	the cartilage layer	332:350	the cartilage layer	332:350	To understand the contact stress and thus biomechanical mechanisms that may contribute to degeneration, the material behaviour of the cartilage layer is required.
28259463	8	60	theme	proteoglycan	1216:1227	arg1	content					1229:1235	proteoglycan content	1216:1235	proteoglycan content	1216:1235	Safranin-O staining was used to quantify proteoglycan content.
28259463	0	61	theme	impingement	56:66	arg1	deformity					68:76	the cam-type hip impingement deformity	39:76	the cam-type hip impingement deformity	39:76	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.
28259463	6	62	theme	autopsy	866:872	arg1	procedures					874:883	autopsy procedures	866:883	autopsy procedures	866:883	Control specimens were retrieved from the anterior femoral head bearing surface during autopsy procedures.
28259463	12	63	from	deformity	1619:1627	arg1	cartilage					1596:1604	cartilage	1596:1604	cartilage from the cam deformity	1596:1627	This study showed that cartilage from the cam deformity exhibits severe degeneration in terms of the mechanical behaviour and composition changes, and is consistent with osteoarthritis.
28259463	13	64	theme	hip	1819:1821	arg1	osteoarthritis					1823:1836	hip osteoarthritis	1819:1836	hip osteoarthritis	1819:1836	This further supports the hypothesis that FAI is a cause of hip osteoarthritis.
28259463	1	65	theme	significant	134:144	arg1	damage					167:172	significant acetabular cartilage damage	134:172	significant acetabular cartilage damage	134:172	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with significant acetabular cartilage damage and degenerative arthritis.
28259463	4	66	theme	clinical	647:654	arg1	practice					656:663	the clinical practice	643:663	the clinical practice of one of the authors	643:685	Patients undergoing surgical treatment of a symptomatic cam FAI deformity were recruited from the clinical practice of one of the authors.
28259463	0	67	theme	hip	52:54	arg1	deformity					68:76	the cam-type hip impingement deformity	39:76	the cam-type hip impingement deformity	39:76	Properties of the cartilage layer from the cam-type hip impingement deformity.
28259463	1	68	theme	acetabular	146:155	arg1	damage					167:172	significant acetabular cartilage damage	134:172	significant acetabular cartilage damage	134:172	Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI) is associated with significant acetabular cartilage damage and degenerative arthritis.
28259463	11	69	theme	Proteoglycan	1469:1480	arg1	content					1482:1488	Proteoglycan content	1469:1488	Proteoglycan content	1469:1488	Proteoglycan content was substantially depleted in Cam specimens, and was correlated with ES, ν and k0.
28259463	9	70	theme	specimens	1372:1380	arg1	triple					1349:1354	triple	1349:1354	triple	1349:1354	ES and ν were 71% and 37% lower, respectively, in Cam specimens compared to controls, and k0 was approximately triple that of Control specimens (p<0.05).
24865131	11	0	theme	Fat	1282:1284	arg1	percentage					1286:1295	Fat percentage	1282:1295	Fat percentage	1282:1295	Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1.
24865131	14	1	theme	proteins	1852:1859	arg1	intensities					1776:1786	the intensities	1772:1786	the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg)	1772:1872	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	5	2	from	day	797:799	arg1	weeks					809:813	weeks 1 and 5	809:821	weeks	809:813	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	5	2	from	day	797:799	arg1	5					821:821	5	821:821	5	821:821	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	1	3	theme	most	200:203	arg1	countries					205:213	most countries	200:213	most countries with high technology on farms	200:243	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	14	4	theme	major	1841:1845	arg1	α-La					1862:1865	α-La	1862:1865	α-La	1862:1865	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	4	theme	major	1841:1845	arg1	proteins					1852:1859	major whey proteins	1841:1859	major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg)	1841:1872	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	3	5	from	yield	556:560	arg1	goats					640:644	dairy goats	634:644	dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	634:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	6	6	theme	experimental	959:970	arg1	week					972:975	each experimental week	954:975	each experimental week	954:975	Milk recording and sampling were done on the last day of each experimental week.
24865131	1	7	theme	Canary	142:147	arg1	Islands					149:155	Canary Islands	142:155	Canary Islands	142:155	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	14	8	dep	bands	1798:1802	arg1	κ-CN					1831:1834	κ-CN	1831:1834	κ-CN	1831:1834	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	8	dep	bands	1798:1802	arg1	-CN					1810:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	8	dep	bands	1798:1802	arg1	-CN					1820:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	8	dep	bands	1798:1802	arg1	β-CN					1825:1828	β-CN	1825:1828	β-CN	1825:1828	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	9	theme	protein	1739:1745	arg1	bands					1747:1751	milk protein bands	1734:1751	milk protein bands from X1 to X2	1734:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	1	10	from	technology	225:234	arg1	farms					239:243	farms	239:243	farms	239:243	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	3	11	theme	protein	615:621	arg1	profile					623:629	milk protein profile	610:629	milk protein profile	610:629	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	0	12	theme	milk	96:99	arg1	profile					109:115	milk protein profile	96:115	milk protein profile	96:115	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	3	13	theme	study	471:475	arg1	objective					453:461	The objective	449:461	The objective of this study	449:475	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	0	14	from	composition	60:70	arg1	goats					126:130	dairy goats	120:130	dairy goats	120:130	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	3	15	theme	term	506:509	arg1	effects					511:517	the short term effects	496:517	the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	496:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	9	16	theme	production	1133:1142	arg1	level					1144:1148	the production level	1129:1148	the production level	1129:1148	The goats recovered the production level when they returned to X1.
24865131	11	17	theme	significant	1409:1419	arg1	differences					1421:1431	significant differences	1409:1431	significant differences from X2 to X1	1409:1445	Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1.
24865131	0	18	theme	dairy	120:124	arg1	goats					126:130	dairy goats	120:130	dairy goats	120:130	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	4	19	from	goats	695:699	arg1	lactation					710:718	early lactation	704:718	early lactation (48±4 d in milk)	704:735	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	0	20	from	count	86:90	arg1	goats					126:130	dairy goats	120:130	dairy goats	120:130	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	5	21	dep	day	797:799	arg1	X2					837:838	X2	837:838	X2	837:838	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	5	21	dep	day	797:799	arg1	day					832:834	a day	830:834	a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4	830:856	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	5	21	dep	day	797:799	arg1	day					877:879	a day	875:879	a day	875:879	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	3	22	theme	milking	528:534	arg1	frequencies					536:546	three milking frequencies	522:546	three milking frequencies	522:546	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	14	23	theme	S2	1817:1818	arg1	-CN					1810:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	23	theme	S2	1817:1818	arg1	-CN					1820:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	24	theme	α	1815:1815	arg1	-CN					1810:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	24	theme	α	1815:1815	arg1	-CN					1820:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	25	theme	quantitative	1675:1686	arg1	analysis					1688:1695	quantitative analysis	1675:1695	quantitative analysis	1675:1695	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	0	26	theme	somatic	73:79	arg1	count					86:90	somatic cell count	73:90	somatic cell count	73:90	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	4	27	from	d	726:726	arg1	milk					731:734	milk	731:734	milk	731:734	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	14	28	theme	S1	1807:1808	arg1	κ-CN					1831:1834	κ-CN	1831:1834	κ-CN	1831:1834	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	28	theme	S1	1807:1808	arg1	-CN					1810:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	28	theme	S1	1807:1808	arg1	-CN					1820:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	28	theme	S1	1807:1808	arg1	β-CN					1825:1828	β-CN	1825:1828	β-CN	1825:1828	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	13	29	theme	milking	1621:1627	arg1	frequency					1629:1637	milking frequency	1621:1637	milking frequency	1621:1637	SCC values were unaffected when goats were milked X1, X2 and X3, but then they increased slightly when milking frequency was returned to X2 and X1.
24865131	14	30	theme	α	1805:1805	arg1	κ-CN					1831:1834	κ-CN	1831:1834	κ-CN	1831:1834	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	30	theme	α	1805:1805	arg1	-CN					1810:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	α(S1)-CN	1805:1812	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	30	theme	α	1805:1805	arg1	-CN					1820:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	α(S2)-CN	1815:1822	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	30	theme	α	1805:1805	arg1	β-CN					1825:1828	β-CN	1825:1828	β-CN	1825:1828	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	0	31	theme	Short-term	0:9	arg1	effects					11:17	Short-term effects	0:17	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.	0:131	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	1	32	theme	high	220:223	arg1	technology					225:234	high technology	220:234	high technology on farms	220:243	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	14	33	theme	bands	1798:1802	arg1	intensities					1776:1786	the intensities	1772:1786	the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg)	1772:1872	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	4	34	dep	lactation	710:718	arg1	d					726:726	48±4 d	721:726	48±4 d in milk	721:734	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	11	35	dep	increased	1297:1305	arg1	decreased					1341:1349	decreased	1341:1349	decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2	1341:1382	Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1.
24865131	11	35	dep	increased	1297:1305	arg1	whereas					1385:1391	whereas	1385:1391	whereas	1385:1391	Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1.
24865131	2	36	theme	frequency	380:388	arg1	increase					360:367	the increase	356:367	the increase of milking frequency	356:388	Therefore it is important to know whether the increase of milking frequency can improve the production without impairing milk quality.
24865131	0	37	theme	frequency	30:38	arg1	effects					11:17	Short-term effects	0:17	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.	0:131	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	1	38	with	countries	205:213	arg1	technology					225:234	high technology	220:234	high technology on farms	220:243	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	10	39	theme	Different	1176:1184	arg1	patterns					1186:1193	Different patterns	1176:1193	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1176:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	4	40	theme	early	704:708	arg1	lactation					710:718	early lactation	704:718	early lactation (48±4 d in milk)	704:735	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	0	41	theme	milk	43:46	arg1	yield					48:52	milk yield	43:52	milk yield	43:52	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	3	42	theme	somatic	581:587	arg1	count					594:598	somatic cell count	581:598	somatic cell count (SCC)	581:604	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	3	42	theme	somatic	581:587	arg1	SCC					601:603	SCC	601:603	SCC	601:603	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	7	43	theme	Milk	978:981	arg1	yield					983:987	Milk yield	978:987	Milk yield	978:987	Milk yield increased by 26% from X1 to X2.
24865131	0	44	from	profile	109:115	arg1	goats					126:130	dairy goats	120:130	dairy goats	120:130	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	3	45	theme	milk	563:566	arg1	composition					568:578	milk composition	563:578	milk composition	563:578	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	14	46	theme	bands	1747:1751	arg1	intensities					1719:1729	intensities	1719:1729	intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2	1719:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	3	47	from	composition	568:578	arg1	goats					640:644	dairy goats	634:644	dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	634:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	10	48	theme	due	1231:1233	arg1	constituents					1218:1229	the milk constituents	1209:1229	the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1209:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	3	49	theme	cell	589:592	arg1	count					594:598	somatic cell count	581:598	somatic cell count (SCC)	581:604	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	3	49	theme	cell	589:592	arg1	SCC					601:603	SCC	601:603	SCC	601:603	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	14	50	theme	whey	1847:1850	arg1	α-La					1862:1865	α-La	1862:1865	α-La	1862:1865	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	50	theme	whey	1847:1850	arg1	proteins					1852:1859	major whey proteins	1841:1859	major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg)	1841:1872	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	4	51	used	used	742:745	arg2	goats					695:699	Twelve Majorera goats	679:699	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk)	679:735	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	11	52	from	X2	1438:1439	arg1	differences					1421:1431	significant differences	1409:1431	significant differences from X2 to X1	1409:1445	Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1.
24865131	6	53	theme	Milk	897:900	arg1	recording					902:910	Milk recording	897:910	Milk recording	897:910	Milk recording and sampling were done on the last day of each experimental week.
24865131	10	54	theme	milk	1213:1216	arg1	constituents					1218:1229	the milk constituents	1209:1229	the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1209:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	3	55	theme	milk	610:613	arg1	profile					623:629	milk protein profile	610:629	milk protein profile	610:629	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	6	56	theme	week	972:975	arg1	day					947:949	the last day	938:949	the last day of each experimental week	938:975	Milk recording and sampling were done on the last day of each experimental week.
24865131	10	57	theme	milking	1242:1248	arg1	effect					1260:1265	the milking frequency effect	1238:1265	the milking frequency effect	1238:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	10	58	theme	frequency	1250:1258	arg1	effect					1260:1265	the milking frequency effect	1238:1265	the milking frequency effect	1238:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	4	59	theme	48±4	721:724	arg1	d					726:726	48±4 d	721:726	48±4 d in milk	721:734	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	14	60	theme	milk	1734:1737	arg1	bands					1747:1751	milk protein bands	1734:1751	milk protein bands from X1 to X2	1734:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	3	61	theme	dairy	634:638	arg1	goats					640:644	dairy goats	634:644	dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	634:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	0	62	theme	protein	101:107	arg1	profile					109:115	milk protein profile	96:115	milk protein profile	96:115	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	1	63	theme	milk	302:305	arg1	yield					307:311	milk yield	302:311	milk yield	302:311	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	3	64	theme	short	500:504	arg1	effects					511:517	the short term effects	496:517	the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	496:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	14	65	from	increase	1707:1714	arg1	intensities					1719:1729	intensities	1719:1729	intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2	1719:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	6	66	theme	last	942:945	arg1	day					947:949	the last day	938:949	the last day of each experimental week	938:975	Milk recording and sampling were done on the last day of each experimental week.
24865131	14	67	dep	α-La	1862:1865	arg1	β-Lg					1868:1871	β-Lg	1868:1871	β-Lg	1868:1871	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	3	68	from	count	594:598	arg1	goats					640:644	dairy goats	634:644	dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	634:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	5	69	theme	5-week	757:762	arg1	period					764:769	a 5-week period	755:769	a 5-week period	755:769	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	14	70	from	intensities	1719:1729	arg1	X1					1758:1759	X1	1758:1759	X1 to X2	1758:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	13	71	theme	SCC	1518:1520	arg1	values					1522:1527	SCC values	1518:1527	SCC values	1518:1527	SCC values were unaffected when goats were milked X1, X2 and X3, but then they increased slightly when milking frequency was returned to X2 and X1.
24865131	0	72	theme	milk	55:58	arg1	composition					60:70	milk composition	55:70	milk composition	55:70	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	14	73	dep	X3	1895:1896	arg1	X2					1889:1890	X2	1889:1890	X2	1889:1890	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	5	74	from	day	832:834	arg1	weeks					844:848	weeks 2 and 4	844:856	weeks	844:848	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	5	74	from	day	832:834	arg1	4					856:856	4	856:856	4	856:856	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	14	75	from	X1	1758:1759	arg1	intensities					1719:1729	intensities	1719:1729	intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2	1719:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	14	75	from	X1	1758:1759	arg1	bands					1747:1751	milk protein bands	1734:1751	milk protein bands from X1 to X2	1734:1765	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	0	76	from	effects	11:17	arg1	profile					109:115	milk protein profile	96:115	milk protein profile	96:115	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	0	76	from	effects	11:17	arg1	composition					60:70	milk composition	55:70	milk composition	55:70	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	0	76	from	effects	11:17	arg1	count					86:90	somatic cell count	73:90	somatic cell count	73:90	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	0	76	from	effects	11:17	arg1	yield					48:52	milk yield	43:52	milk yield	43:52	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	0	77	theme	cell	81:84	arg1	count					86:90	somatic cell count	73:90	somatic cell count	73:90	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	1	78	from	Goats	133:137	arg1	Islands					149:155	Canary Islands	142:155	Canary Islands	142:155	Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield.
24865131	2	79	theme	milk	435:438	arg1	quality					440:446	milk quality	435:446	milk quality	435:446	Therefore it is important to know whether the increase of milking frequency can improve the production without impairing milk quality.
24865131	0	80	from	yield	48:52	arg1	goats					126:130	dairy goats	120:130	dairy goats	120:130	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	3	81	from	effects	511:517	arg1	count					594:598	somatic cell count	581:598	somatic cell count (SCC)	581:604	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	3	81	from	effects	511:517	arg1	yield					556:560	milk yield	551:560	milk yield	551:560	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	3	81	from	effects	511:517	arg1	composition					568:578	milk composition	563:578	milk composition	563:578	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	3	81	from	effects	511:517	arg1	profile					623:629	milk protein profile	610:629	milk protein profile	610:629	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	3	81	from	effects	511:517	arg1	SCC					601:603	SCC	601:603	SCC	601:603	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	12	82	theme	protein	1485:1491	arg1	percentages					1505:1515	the protein and lactose percentages	1481:1515	the protein and lactose percentages	1481:1515	Milking frequency did not affect the protein and lactose percentages.
24865131	3	83	from	profile	623:629	arg1	goats					640:644	dairy goats	634:644	dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	634:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	12	84	theme	lactose	1497:1503	arg1	percentages					1505:1515	the protein and lactose percentages	1481:1515	the protein and lactose percentages	1481:1515	Milking frequency did not affect the protein and lactose percentages.
24865131	0	85	theme	milking	22:28	arg1	frequency					30:38	milking frequency	22:38	milking frequency	22:38	Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats.
24865131	3	86	theme	milk	551:554	arg1	yield					556:560	milk yield	551:560	milk yield	551:560	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	14	87	theme	casein	1791:1796	arg1	bands					1798:1802	casein bands	1791:1802	casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN)	1791:1835	Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (α(S1)-CN, α(S2)-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.
24865131	10	88	from	patterns	1186:1193	arg1	constituents					1218:1229	the milk constituents	1209:1229	the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1209:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	2	89	theme	milking	372:378	arg1	frequency					380:388	milking frequency	372:388	milking frequency	372:388	Therefore it is important to know whether the increase of milking frequency can improve the production without impairing milk quality.
24865131	3	90	theme	frequencies	536:546	arg1	effects					511:517	the short term effects	496:517	the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day	496:676	The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day.
24865131	4	91	theme	Majorera	686:693	arg1	goats					695:699	Twelve Majorera goats	679:699	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk)	679:735	Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used.
24865131	5	92	from	times	869:873	arg1	weeks					809:813	weeks 1 and 5	809:821	weeks	809:813	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	5	92	from	times	869:873	arg1	5					821:821	5	821:821	5	821:821	During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3.
24865131	10	93	from	changes	1198:1204	arg1	constituents					1218:1229	the milk constituents	1209:1229	the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1209:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	12	94	theme	Milking	1448:1454	arg1	frequency					1456:1464	Milking frequency	1448:1464	Milking frequency	1448:1464	Milking frequency did not affect the protein and lactose percentages.
24865131	10	95	from	constituents	1218:1229	arg1	patterns					1186:1193	Different patterns	1176:1193	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1176:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24865131	10	96	theme	changes	1198:1204	arg1	patterns					1186:1193	Different patterns	1176:1193	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect	1176:1265	Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed.
24448668	2	0	used	used	263:266	arg2	2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine					228:257	2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine	228:257	2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine	228:257	2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine was used as a cross-linker.
24448668	2	0	used	used	263:266	arg2	cross-linker					273:284	a cross-linker	271:284	a cross-linker	271:284	2,4,6-Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine was used as a cross-linker.
24448668	8	1	theme	chromatographic	760:774	arg1	results					776:782	The chromatographic results	756:782	The chromatographic results	756:782	The chromatographic results were compared with that on β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP.
24448668	0	2	theme	β-cyclodextrin-bonded	64:84	arg1	silica					86:91	β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	64:91	β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	64:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	5	3	theme	composite	598:606	arg1	CSP					608:610	the composite CSP	594:610	the composite CSP	594:610	Tryptophan and hydrobenzoin achieved excellent resolution on the composite CSP.
24448668	1	4	theme	bovine	149:154	arg1	BSA					171:173	BSA	171:173	BSA	171:173	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	4	theme	bovine	149:154	arg1	albumin					162:168	bovine serum albumin	149:168	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	149:174	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	4	5	theme	value	431:435	arg1	influences					407:416	The influences	403:416	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation	403:515	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	0	6	from	Development	0:10	arg1	BSA					56:58	BSA	56:58	BSA	56:58	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	0	6	from	Development	0:10	arg1	silica					86:91	β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	64:91	β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	64:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	8	7	theme	BSA-immobilized	826:840	arg1	CSP					842:844	β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP	811:844	β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP	811:844	The chromatographic results were compared with that on β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP.
24448668	3	8	theme	tryptophan	344:353	arg1	enantioseparation					323:339	the enantioseparation	319:339	the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid	319:400	The obtained CSP was applied to the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid.
24448668	1	9	attach	derived	136:142	arg1	silica					207:212	β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	180:212	β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	180:212	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	9	attach	derived	136:142	arg2	CSP					131:133	CSP	131:133	CSP	131:133	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	9	attach	derived	136:142	arg1	albumin					162:168	bovine serum albumin	149:168	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	149:174	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	9	attach	derived	136:142	arg2	phase					124:128	A composite chiral stationary phase	94:128	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	94:212	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	9	attach	derived	136:142	arg1	BSA					171:173	BSA	171:173	BSA	171:173	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	6	10	from	%	679:679	arg1	pH					696:697	pH 8.0	696:701	pH 8.0	696:701	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24448668	4	11	theme	modifier	446:453	arg1	influences					407:416	The influences	403:416	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation	403:515	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	8	12	theme	β-CD-bonded	811:821	arg1	CSP					842:844	β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP	811:844	β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP	811:844	The chromatographic results were compared with that on β-CD-bonded or BSA-immobilized CSP.
24448668	6	13	theme	methanol	684:691	arg1	methanol					684:691	methanol	684:691	methanol at pH 8.0	684:701	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24448668	6	13	theme	methanol	684:691	arg1	%					679:679	1%	678:679	1% of methanol at pH 8.0	678:701	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24448668	1	14	theme	serum	156:160	arg1	BSA					171:173	BSA	171:173	BSA	171:173	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	14	theme	serum	156:160	arg1	albumin					162:168	bovine serum albumin	149:168	bovine serum albumin (BSA)	149:174	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	0	15	theme	phase	45:49	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.	0:92	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	4	16	theme	temperature	466:476	arg1	influences					407:416	The influences	403:416	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation	403:515	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	0	17	theme	stationary	34:43	arg1	phase					45:49	a composite chiral stationary phase	15:49	a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	15:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	5	18	theme	excellent	570:578	arg1	resolution					580:589	excellent resolution	570:589	excellent resolution	570:589	Tryptophan and hydrobenzoin achieved excellent resolution on the composite CSP.
24448668	4	19	theme	column	459:464	arg1	temperature					466:476	column temperature	459:476	column temperature	459:476	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	3	20	theme	phenylalanine	370:382	arg1	enantioseparation					323:339	the enantioseparation	319:339	the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid	319:400	The obtained CSP was applied to the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid.
24448668	0	21	theme	composite	17:25	arg1	phase					45:49	a composite chiral stationary phase	15:49	a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	15:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	1	22	theme	composite	96:104	arg1	CSP					131:133	CSP	131:133	CSP	131:133	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	22	theme	composite	96:104	arg1	phase					124:128	A composite chiral stationary phase	94:128	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	94:212	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	3	23	theme	hydrobenzoin	356:367	arg1	enantioseparation					323:339	the enantioseparation	319:339	the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid	319:400	The obtained CSP was applied to the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid.
24448668	0	24	from	silica	86:91	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.	0:92	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	0	24	from	silica	86:91	arg1	phase					45:49	a composite chiral stationary phase	15:49	a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	15:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	1	25	theme	chiral	106:111	arg1	CSP					131:133	CSP	131:133	CSP	131:133	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	25	theme	chiral	106:111	arg1	phase					124:128	A composite chiral stationary phase	94:128	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	94:212	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	3	26	theme	acid	397:400	arg1	enantioseparation					323:339	the enantioseparation	319:339	the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid	319:400	The obtained CSP was applied to the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid.
24448668	4	27	theme	pH	428:429	arg1	value					431:435	eluent pH value	421:435	eluent pH value	421:435	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	0	28	theme	chiral	27:32	arg1	phase					45:49	a composite chiral stationary phase	15:49	a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	15:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	4	29	theme	organic	438:444	arg1	modifier					446:453	organic modifier	438:453	organic modifier	438:453	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	4	30	dep	retention	485:493	arg1	the					481:483	the	481:483	the	481:483	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	0	31	from	BSA	56:58	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.	0:92	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	0	31	from	BSA	56:58	arg1	phase					45:49	a composite chiral stationary phase	15:49	a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica	15:91	Development of a composite chiral stationary phase from BSA and β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica.
24448668	1	32	theme	stationary	113:122	arg1	CSP					131:133	CSP	131:133	CSP	131:133	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	1	32	theme	stationary	113:122	arg1	phase					124:128	A composite chiral stationary phase	94:128	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	94:212	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	3	33	theme	mandelic	388:395	arg1	acid					397:400	mandelic acid	388:400	mandelic acid	388:400	The obtained CSP was applied to the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid.
24448668	3	34	theme	obtained	291:298	arg1	CSP					300:302	The obtained CSP	287:302	The obtained CSP	287:302	The obtained CSP was applied to the enantioseparation of tryptophan, hydrobenzoin, phenylalanine and mandelic acid.
24448668	4	35	from	influences	407:416	arg1	enantioseparation					499:515	enantioseparation	499:515	enantioseparation	499:515	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	4	35	from	influences	407:416	arg1	retention					485:493	retention	485:493	retention	485:493	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	6	36	theme	2.79	654:657	arg1	selectivity					641:651	the highest selectivity	629:651	the highest selectivity	629:651	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24448668	4	37	theme	eluent	421:426	arg1	value					431:435	eluent pH value	421:435	eluent pH value	421:435	The influences of eluent pH value, organic modifier and column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were discussed.
24448668	1	38	theme	-bonded	199:205	arg1	silica					207:212	β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	180:212	β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica	180:212	A composite chiral stationary phase (CSP) derived from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-cyclodextrin (CD)-bonded silica was prepared.
24448668	6	39	from	pH	696:697	arg1	methanol					684:691	methanol	684:691	methanol at pH 8.0	684:701	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24448668	6	39	from	pH	696:697	arg1	%					679:679	1%	678:679	1% of methanol at pH 8.0	678:701	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24448668	6	40	theme	highest	633:639	arg1	selectivity					641:651	the highest selectivity	629:651	the highest selectivity	629:651	For tryptophan, the highest selectivity, 2.79, was achieved with 1% of methanol at pH 8.0.
24783512	8	0	theme	succinic	931:938	arg1	taurine					970:976	taurine	970:976	taurine	970:976	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	0	theme	succinic	931:938	arg1	acid					940:943	succinic acid	931:943	succinic acid	931:943	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	0	theme	succinic	931:938	arg1	acid					953:956	citric acid	946:956	citric acid	946:956	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	0	theme	succinic	931:938	arg1	aspartate					982:990	aspartate	982:990	aspartate	982:990	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	0	theme	succinic	931:938	arg1	choline					922:928	more choline	917:928	more choline	917:928	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	0	theme	succinic	931:938	arg1	glutamate					959:967	glutamate	959:967	glutamate	959:967	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	11	1	theme	AR	1369:1370	arg1	quality					1358:1364	the quality	1354:1364	the quality of AR	1354:1370	Thus, the cultivation way is important to the quality of AR.
24783512	3	2	theme	Chinese	378:384	arg1	pharmacopoeia					386:398	Chinese pharmacopoeia	378:398	Chinese pharmacopoeia	378:398	The WSEs of two types of AR were determined according to the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia.
24783512	9	3	theme	apparent	1164:1171	arg1	differences					1173:1183	apparent differences	1164:1183	apparent differences	1164:1183	In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences.
24783512	6	4	theme	WSE	672:674	arg1	content					676:682	the WSE content	668:682	the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%)	668:700	The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%).
24783512	6	4	theme	WSE	672:674	arg1	higher					706:711	higher	706:711	higher	706:711	The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%).
24783512	2	5	theme	AR	262:263	arg1	WSE					198:200	the WSE	194:200	the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	194:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	4	6	theme	microarray	508:517	arg1	analysis					519:526	microarray analysis	508:526	microarray analysis	508:526	Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis.
24783512	5	7	theme	Pearson	574:580	arg1	correlation					582:592	the Pearson correlation	570:592	the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites	570:620	In addition, the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites were also calculated.
24783512	2	8	theme	AR	214:215	arg1	WSE					198:200	the WSE	194:200	the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	194:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	4	9	theme	obtained	455:462	arg1	data					464:467	the obtained data	451:467	the obtained data	451:467	Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis.
24783512	4	10	theme	rank	542:545	arg1	analysis					547:554	Spearman rank analysis	533:554	Spearman rank analysis	533:554	Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis.
24783512	8	11	contain	contained	1010:1018	arg2	arginine					1034:1041	arginine	1034:1041	arginine	1034:1041	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	11	contain	contained	1010:1018	arg1	samples					1002:1008	GS samples	999:1008	GS samples	999:1008	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	11	contain	contained	1010:1018	arg2	acid					1055:1058	fumaric acid	1047:1058	fumaric acid	1047:1058	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	11	contain	contained	1010:1018	arg2	sucrose					1025:1031	sucrose	1025:1031	sucrose	1025:1031	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	12	theme	more	917:920	arg1	choline					922:928	more choline	917:928	more choline	917:928	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	12	theme	more	917:920	arg1	acid					940:943	succinic acid	931:943	succinic acid	931:943	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	2	13	theme	wild	209:212	arg1	AR					214:215	the wild AR	205:215	the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX)	205:241	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	1	14	theme	quality	135:141	arg1	evaluation					143:152	the quality evaluation	131:152	the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR)	131:176	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	8	15	theme	citric	946:951	arg1	acid					940:943	succinic acid	931:943	succinic acid	931:943	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	15	theme	citric	946:951	arg1	acid					953:956	citric acid	946:956	citric acid	946:956	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	12	16	theme	herbal	1439:1444	arg1	drugs					1446:1450	herbal drugs	1439:1450	herbal drugs	1439:1450	This study supplied a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs.
24783512	9	17	theme	AR	1149:1150	arg1	types					1140:1144	the two types	1132:1144	the two types of AR	1132:1150	In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences.
24783512	8	18	theme	GS	999:1000	arg1	samples					1002:1008	GS samples	999:1008	GS samples	999:1008	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	9	19	theme	Pearson	1078:1084	arg1	correlations					1086:1097	the Pearson correlations	1074:1097	the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR	1074:1150	In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences.
24783512	7	20	theme	main	746:749	arg1	sucrose					774:780	sucrose	774:780	sucrose	774:780	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	7	20	theme	main	746:749	arg1	constituent					751:761	The main constituent	742:761	The main constituent of WSE	742:768	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	1	21	theme	Water	77:81	arg1	index					121:125	an important index	108:125	an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR)	108:176	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	21	theme	Water	77:81	arg1	WSE					100:102	WSE	100:102	WSE	100:102	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	21	theme	Water	77:81	arg1	extract					91:97	Water soluble extract	77:97	Water soluble extract (WSE)	77:103	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	0	22	theme	[NMR-based	0:9	arg1	analysis					11:18	[NMR-based analysis	0:18	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali	0:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	4	23	theme	NMR	433:435	arg1	analysis					437:444	NMR analysis	433:444	NMR analysis	433:444	Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis.
24783512	2	24	from	Province	276:283	arg1	AR					214:215	the wild AR	205:215	the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX)	205:241	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	24	from	Province	276:283	arg1	WSE					198:200	the WSE	194:200	the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	194:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	24	from	Province	276:283	arg1	AR					262:263	the cultivated AR	247:263	the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	247:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	1	25	theme	soluble	83:89	arg1	index					121:125	an important index	108:125	an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR)	108:176	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	25	theme	soluble	83:89	arg1	WSE					100:102	WSE	100:102	WSE	100:102	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	25	theme	soluble	83:89	arg1	extract					91:97	Water soluble extract	77:97	Water soluble extract (WSE)	77:103	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	26	theme	Astragali	157:165	arg1	AR					174:175	AR	174:175	AR	174:175	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	26	theme	Astragali	157:165	arg1	Radix					167:171	Astragali Radix	157:171	Astragali Radix (AR)	157:176	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	0	27	theme	water	23:27	arg1	extracts					37:44	water soluble extracts	23:44	water soluble extracts of different Astragali	23:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	12	28	theme	drugs	1446:1450	arg1	extract					1428:1434	extract	1428:1434	extract of herbal drugs	1428:1450	This study supplied a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs.
24783512	0	29	dep	Radix	69:73	arg1	analysis					11:18	[NMR-based analysis	0:18	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali	0:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	7	30	theme	WSE	766:768	arg1	sucrose					774:780	sucrose	774:780	sucrose	774:780	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	7	30	theme	WSE	766:768	arg1	constituent					751:761	The main constituent	742:761	The main constituent of WSE	742:768	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	1	31	theme	Radix	167:171	arg1	evaluation					143:152	the quality evaluation	131:152	the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR)	131:176	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	9	32	theme	different	1107:1115	arg1	metabolites					1117:1127	different metabolites	1107:1127	different metabolites of the two types of AR	1107:1150	In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences.
24783512	2	33	theme	Shanxi	222:227	arg1	province					229:236	Shanxi province	222:236	Shanxi province (SX)	222:241	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	33	theme	Shanxi	222:227	arg1	SX					239:240	SX	239:240	SX	239:240	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	4	34	theme	Spearman	533:540	arg1	analysis					547:554	Spearman rank analysis	533:554	Spearman rank analysis	533:554	Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis.
24783512	0	35	theme	extracts	37:44	arg1	analysis					11:18	[NMR-based analysis	0:18	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali	0:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	8	36	theme	fumaric	1047:1053	arg1	acid					1055:1058	fumaric acid	1047:1058	fumaric acid	1047:1058	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	10	37	theme	AR	1237:1238	arg1	types					1228:1232	two types	1224:1232	two types of AR	1224:1238	The results suggested that the WSE of two types of AR differs not only in the content, but also in the chemical compositions.
24783512	12	38	theme	new	1395:1397	arg1	method					1399:1404	a new method	1393:1404	a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs	1393:1450	This study supplied a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs.
24783512	2	39	from	WSE	198:200	arg1	province					229:236	Shanxi province	222:236	Shanxi province (SX)	222:241	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	39	from	WSE	198:200	arg1	SX					239:240	SX	239:240	SX	239:240	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	39	from	WSE	198:200	arg1	GS					286:287	GS	286:287	GS	286:287	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	39	from	WSE	198:200	arg1	Province					276:283	Gansu Province	270:283	Gansu Province (GS)	270:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	3	40	theme	AR	330:331	arg1	types					321:325	two types	317:325	two types of AR	317:331	The WSEs of two types of AR were determined according to the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia.
24783512	0	41	theme	soluble	29:35	arg1	extracts					37:44	water soluble extracts	23:44	water soluble extracts of different Astragali	23:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	8	42	theme	Multivariate	865:876	arg1	analysis					878:885	Multivariate analysis	865:885	Multivariate analysis	865:885	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	0	43	theme	different	49:57	arg1	Astragali					59:67	different Astragali	49:67	different Astragali	49:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	3	44	theme	types	321:325	arg1	WSEs					309:312	The WSEs	305:312	The WSEs of two types of AR	305:331	The WSEs of two types of AR were determined according to the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia.
24783512	11	45	theme	cultivation	1322:1332	arg1	important					1341:1349	important	1341:1349	important	1341:1349	Thus, the cultivation way is important to the quality of AR.
24783512	11	45	theme	cultivation	1322:1332	arg1	way					1334:1336	the cultivation way	1318:1336	the cultivation way	1318:1336	Thus, the cultivation way is important to the quality of AR.
24783512	2	46	theme	cultivated	251:260	arg1	AR					262:263	the cultivated AR	247:263	the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	247:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	7	47	theme	organic	830:836	arg1	acids					823:827	amino acids	817:827	amino acids	817:827	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	7	47	theme	organic	830:836	arg1	acids					838:842	organic acids	830:842	organic acids	830:842	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	3	48	theme	pharmacopoeia	386:398	arg1	appendix					366:373	the appendix	362:373	the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia	362:398	The WSEs of two types of AR were determined according to the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia.
24783512	8	49	contain	contained	907:915	arg1	SX-AR					901:905	SX-AR	901:905	SX-AR	901:905	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	49	contain	contained	907:915	arg2	acid					940:943	succinic acid	931:943	succinic acid	931:943	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	8	49	contain	contained	907:915	arg2	choline					922:928	more choline	917:928	more choline	917:928	Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid.
24783512	9	50	theme	types	1140:1144	arg1	metabolites					1117:1127	different metabolites	1107:1127	different metabolites of the two types of AR	1107:1150	In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences.
24783512	7	51	theme	amino	817:821	arg1	acids					823:827	amino acids	817:827	amino acids	817:827	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	7	51	theme	amino	817:821	arg1	acids					838:842	organic acids	830:842	organic acids	830:842	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	6	52	theme	GS-AR	687:691	arg1	content					676:682	the WSE content	668:682	the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%)	668:700	The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%).
24783512	6	52	theme	GS-AR	687:691	arg1	higher					706:711	higher	706:711	higher	706:711	The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%).
24783512	5	53	theme	metabolites	610:620	arg1	correlation					582:592	the Pearson correlation	570:592	the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites	570:620	In addition, the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites were also calculated.
24783512	10	54	theme	types	1228:1232	arg1	WSE					1217:1219	the WSE	1213:1219	the WSE of two types of AR	1213:1238	The results suggested that the WSE of two types of AR differs not only in the content, but also in the chemical compositions.
24783512	12	55	theme	extract	1428:1434	arg1	comparison					1414:1423	the comparison	1410:1423	the comparison of extract of herbal drugs	1410:1450	This study supplied a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs.
24783512	6	56	dep	higher	706:711	arg1	%					738:738	32.13%	733:738	32.13%	733:738	The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%).
24783512	5	57	theme	differential	597:608	arg1	metabolites					610:620	differential metabolites	597:620	differential metabolites	597:620	In addition, the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites were also calculated.
24783512	7	58	theme	other	787:791	arg1	compounds					796:804	other 18 compounds	787:804	other 18 compounds	787:804	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	7	58	theme	other	787:791	arg1	acids					823:827	amino acids	817:827	amino acids	817:827	The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected.
24783512	1	59	theme	important	111:119	arg1	index					121:125	an important index	108:125	an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR)	108:176	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	1	59	theme	important	111:119	arg1	extract					91:97	Water soluble extract	77:97	Water soluble extract (WSE)	77:103	Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR).
24783512	0	60	theme	Astragali	59:67	arg1	extracts					37:44	water soluble extracts	23:44	water soluble extracts of different Astragali	23:67	[NMR-based analysis of water soluble extracts of different Astragali Radix].
24783512	10	61	theme	chemical	1289:1296	arg1	compositions					1298:1309	the chemical compositions	1285:1309	the chemical compositions	1285:1309	The results suggested that the WSE of two types of AR differs not only in the content, but also in the chemical compositions.
24783512	2	62	theme	Gansu	270:274	arg1	GS					286:287	GS	286:287	GS	286:287	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	62	theme	Gansu	270:274	arg1	Province					276:283	Gansu Province	270:283	Gansu Province (GS)	270:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	63	from	province	229:236	arg1	AR					214:215	the wild AR	205:215	the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX)	205:241	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	63	from	province	229:236	arg1	WSE					198:200	the WSE	194:200	the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	194:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
24783512	2	63	from	province	229:236	arg1	AR					262:263	the cultivated AR	247:263	the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS)	247:288	In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared.
26473918	10	0	theme	dietary	1739:1745	arg1	guidelines					1747:1756	dietary guidelines	1739:1756	dietary guidelines	1739:1756	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	12	1	theme	health	2064:2069	arg1	complaints					2082:2091	self-reported health and health complaints	2050:2091	self-reported health and health complaints	2050:2091	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	4	2	theme	healthy	553:559	arg1	eating					561:566	healthy eating	553:566	healthy eating	553:566	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	7	3	theme	health	1084:1089	arg1	complaints					1091:1100	health complaints	1084:1100	health complaints	1084:1100	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	12	4	theme	health	2075:2080	arg1	complaints					2082:2091	self-reported health and health complaints	2050:2091	self-reported health and health complaints	2050:2091	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	6	5	theme	Factor	843:848	arg1	analysis					850:857	Factor analysis	843:857	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints	843:885	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	12	6	dep	indicators	1913:1922	arg1	we					1924:1925	we	1924:1925	we	1924:1925	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	9	7	theme	psychological	1447:1459	arg1	symptoms					1461:1468	psychological symptoms	1447:1468	psychological symptoms	1447:1468	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	12	8	theme	consistent	2021:2030	arg1	associations					2032:2043	the most consistent associations	2012:2043	the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints	2012:2091	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	8	9	theme	subjective	1228:1237	arg1	importance					1239:1248	subjective importance	1228:1248	subjective importance	1228:1248	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	4	10	theme	intake	407:412	arg1	scores					422:427	two composite food intake pattern scores	388:427	two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables)	388:481	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	11	theme	vegetable	1167:1175	arg1	consumption					1177:1187	raw and cooked vegetable consumption	1152:1187	consumption	1177:1187	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	11	12	theme	self-reported	1832:1844	arg1	health					1846:1851	better self-reported health	1825:1851	better self-reported health	1825:1851	More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints.
26473918	5	13	theme	self-reported	680:692	arg1	health					694:699	self-reported health	680:699	self-reported health	680:699	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	14	theme	moderate	797:804	arg1	activity					815:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	14	theme	moderate	797:804	arg1	confounders					733:743	many potential confounders	718:743	many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI)	718:840	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	living					756:761	living	756:761	living	756:761	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	confounders					733:743	many potential confounders	718:743	many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI)	718:840	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	activity					815:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	age					746:748	age	746:748	age	746:748	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	situation					786:794	economic situation	777:794	economic situation	777:794	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	Faculty					825:831	Faculty	825:831	Faculty	825:831	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	sex					751:753	sex	751:753	sex	751:753	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	15	dep	confounders	733:743	arg1	BMI					837:839	BMI	837:839	BMI	837:839	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	8	16	theme	eating	1261:1266	arg1	Fruits					1141:1146	Fruits	1141:1146	Fruits	1141:1146	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	8	16	theme	eating	1261:1266	arg1	importance					1239:1248	subjective importance	1228:1248	subjective importance	1228:1248	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	8	16	theme	eating	1261:1266	arg1	consumption					1177:1187	raw and cooked vegetable consumption	1152:1187	consumption	1177:1187	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	8	16	theme	eating	1261:1266	arg1	index					1218:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	7	17	theme	linear	987:992	arg1	regression					994:1003	Multiple linear regression	978:1003	Multiple linear regression	978:1003	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	8	18	theme	guideline	1198:1206	arg1	index					1218:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	11	19	theme	health	1862:1867	arg1	complaints					1869:1878	less health complaints	1857:1878	less health complaints	1857:1878	More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints.
26473918	2	20	theme	undergraduates	217:230	arg1	health					182:187	self-reported health	168:187	self-reported health	168:187	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	2	20	theme	undergraduates	217:230	arg1	complaints					203:212	20 health complaints	193:212	20 health complaints	193:212	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	2	20	theme	undergraduates	217:230	arg1	behaviour					157:165	nutrition behaviour	147:165	nutrition behaviour	147:165	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	9	21	theme	fruits	1516:1521	arg1	adherence					1562:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	21	theme	fruits	1516:1521	arg1	importance					1592:1601	less subjective importance	1576:1601	less subjective importance of healthy eating	1576:1619	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	21	theme	fruits	1516:1521	arg1	consumption					1501:1511	decreased consumption	1491:1511	decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables	1491:1536	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	6	22	theme	complaints	876:885	arg1	analysis					850:857	Factor analysis	843:857	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints	843:885	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	4	23	theme	food	402:405	arg1	scores					422:427	two composite food intake pattern scores	388:427	two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables)	388:481	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	24	theme	vegetables	1527:1536	arg1	adherence					1562:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	24	theme	vegetables	1527:1536	arg1	importance					1592:1601	less subjective importance	1576:1601	less subjective importance of healthy eating	1576:1619	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	24	theme	vegetables	1527:1536	arg1	consumption					1501:1511	decreased consumption	1491:1511	decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables	1491:1536	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	4	25	theme	pattern	414:420	arg1	scores					422:427	two composite food intake pattern scores	388:427	two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables)	388:481	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	26	theme	excellent/very	1301:1314	arg1	health					1335:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	11	27	theme	healthy	1764:1770	arg1	behaviour					1782:1790	More healthy nutrition behaviour	1759:1790	More healthy nutrition behaviour	1759:1790	More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints.
26473918	4	28	dep	sweets	430:435	arg1	vegetables					471:480	vegetables	471:480	vegetables	471:480	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	4	28	dep	sweets	430:435	arg1	fruits					460:465	fruits	460:465	fruits	460:465	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	3	29	theme	online	325:330	arg1	N					340:340	N = 1189	340:347	N = 1189	340:347	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	3	29	theme	online	325:330	arg1	survey					332:337	a cross-sectional online survey	307:337	a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189)	307:348	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	8	30	theme	self-reported	1321:1333	arg1	health					1335:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	5	31	theme	nutrition	639:647	arg1	behaviour					649:657	students' nutrition behaviour	629:657	students' nutrition behaviour	629:657	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	32	theme	Multinomial	569:579	arg1	regression					590:599	Multinomial logistic regression	569:599	Multinomial logistic regression	569:599	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	3	33	theme	=	342:342	arg1	N					340:340	N = 1189	340:347	N = 1189	340:347	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	3	33	theme	=	342:342	arg1	survey					332:337	a cross-sectional online survey	307:337	a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189)	307:348	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	confounders					733:743	many potential confounders	718:743	many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI)	718:840	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	activity					815:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	age					746:748	age	746:748	age	746:748	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	situation					786:794	economic situation	777:794	economic situation	777:794	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	Faculty					825:831	Faculty	825:831	Faculty	825:831	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	sex					751:753	sex	751:753	sex	751:753	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	34	theme	potential	723:731	arg1	BMI					837:839	BMI	837:839	BMI	837:839	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	1	35	from	Finland	126:132	arg1	Evidence					105:112	Evidence	105:112	Evidence from Turku, Finland.	105:133	Evidence from Turku, Finland.
26473918	9	36	theme	subjective	1581:1590	arg1	importance					1592:1601	less subjective importance	1576:1601	less subjective importance of healthy eating	1576:1619	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	3	37	from	Students	244:251	arg1	Finland					283:289	Finland	283:289	Finland	283:289	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	12	38	theme	guideline	1949:1957	arg1	indicator					1988:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	12	38	theme	guideline	1949:1957	arg1	index					1969:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	4	39	theme	adherence	504:512	arg1	index					514:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	0	40	theme	Nutrition	13:21	arg1	Behaviour					23:31	Healthier Nutrition Behaviour	3:31	Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints	3:102	Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints?
26473918	12	41	theme	indicators	1913:1922	arg1	indicator					1988:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	12	41	theme	indicators	1913:1922	arg1	index					1969:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	9	42	theme	eating	1614:1619	arg1	adherence					1562:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	42	theme	eating	1614:1619	arg1	importance					1592:1601	less subjective importance	1576:1601	less subjective importance of healthy eating	1576:1619	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	42	theme	eating	1614:1619	arg1	consumption					1501:1511	decreased consumption	1491:1511	decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables	1491:1536	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	7	43	theme	same	1123:1126	arg1	confounders					1128:1138	the same confounders	1119:1138	the same confounders	1119:1138	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	8	44	theme	self-reported	1410:1422	arg1	health					1424:1429	poor/fair self-reported health	1400:1429	poor/fair self-reported health	1400:1429	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	0	45	theme	Better	49:54	arg1	Health					70:75	Better Self-Reported Health	49:75	Better Self-Reported Health	49:75	Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints?
26473918	5	46	with	association	614:624	arg1	levels					670:675	three levels	664:675	three levels of self-reported health	664:699	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	4	47	theme	dietary	486:492	arg1	index					514:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	10	48	theme	lower	1720:1724	arg1	adherence					1726:1734	a lower adherence	1718:1734	a lower adherence to dietary guidelines	1718:1756	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	4	49	dep	scores	422:427	arg1	sweets					430:435	sweets	430:435	sweets	430:435	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	4	49	dep	scores	422:427	arg1	snacks					448:453	snacks	448:453	snacks	448:453	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	4	49	dep	scores	422:427	arg1	cakes					438:442	cakes	438:442	cakes	438:442	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	12	50	theme	nutrition	1893:1901	arg1	indicators					1913:1922	the four nutrition behaviour indicators	1884:1922	the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed	1884:1934	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	4	51	theme	eating	561:566	arg1	index					514:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	4	51	theme	eating	561:566	arg1	scores					422:427	two composite food intake pattern scores	388:427	two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables)	388:481	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	4	51	theme	eating	561:566	arg1	importance					539:548	the subjective importance	524:548	the subjective importance of healthy eating	524:566	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	6	52	theme	health	869:874	arg1	complaints					876:885	the 20 health complaints	862:885	the 20 health complaints	862:885	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	7	53	theme	complaints	1091:1100	arg1	components					1070:1079	the three components	1060:1079	the three components	1060:1079	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	2	54	from	health	182:187	arg1	Finland					235:241	Finland	235:241	Finland	235:241	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	4	55	theme	subjective	528:537	arg1	importance					539:548	the subjective importance	524:548	the subjective importance of healthy eating	524:566	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	9	56	theme	High	1432:1435	arg1	levels					1437:1442	High levels	1432:1442	High levels of psychological symptoms	1432:1468	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	12	57	theme	self-reported	2050:2062	arg1	health					2064:2069	self-reported health	2050:2069	self-reported health	2050:2069	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	4	58	theme	composite	392:400	arg1	scores					422:427	two composite food intake pattern scores	388:427	two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables)	388:481	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	2	59	theme	nutrition	147:155	arg1	behaviour					157:165	nutrition behaviour	147:165	nutrition behaviour	147:165	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	2	60	from	complaints	203:212	arg1	Finland					235:241	Finland	235:241	Finland	235:241	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	4	61	theme	nutrition	355:363	arg1	behaviour					365:373	nutrition behaviour	355:373	nutrition behaviour	355:373	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	62	theme	adherence	1208:1216	arg1	index					1218:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	9	63	theme	symptoms	1461:1468	arg1	levels					1437:1442	High levels	1432:1442	High levels of psychological symptoms	1432:1468	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	64	theme	raw	1152:1154	arg1	consumption					1177:1187	raw and cooked vegetable consumption	1152:1187	consumption	1177:1187	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	10	65	theme	Pain/aches	1622:1631	arg1	symptoms					1633:1640	Pain/aches symptoms	1622:1640	Pain/aches symptoms	1622:1640	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	7	66	theme	eating	1041:1046	arg1	habits					1048:1053	students' eating habits	1031:1053	students' eating habits	1031:1053	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	8	67	theme	cooked	1160:1165	arg1	consumption					1177:1187	raw and cooked vegetable consumption	1152:1187	consumption	1177:1187	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	9	68	theme	guideline	1552:1560	arg1	adherence					1562:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	10	69	theme	higher	1665:1670	arg1	consumption					1672:1682	a higher consumption	1663:1682	a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks	1663:1712	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	8	70	with	individuals	1383:1393	arg1	health					1424:1429	poor/fair self-reported health	1400:1429	poor/fair self-reported health	1400:1429	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	5	71	theme	health	694:699	arg1	levels					670:675	three levels	664:675	three levels of self-reported health	664:699	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	9	72	theme	decreased	1491:1499	arg1	consumption					1501:1511	decreased consumption	1491:1511	decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables	1491:1536	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	6	73	dep	components	902:911	arg1	psychological					914:926	psychological	914:926	psychological	914:926	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	8	74	theme	healthy	1253:1259	arg1	eating					1261:1266	healthy eating	1253:1266	healthy eating	1253:1266	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	5	75	theme	behaviour	649:657	arg1	association					614:624	the association	610:624	the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health	610:699	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	8	76	theme	dietary	1190:1196	arg1	index					1218:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	dietary guideline adherence index	1190:1222	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	3	77	theme	cross-sectional	309:323	arg1	N					340:340	N = 1189	340:347	N = 1189	340:347	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	3	77	theme	cross-sectional	309:323	arg1	survey					332:337	a cross-sectional online survey	307:337	a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189)	307:348	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	6	78	dep	psychological	914:926	arg1	symptoms					967:974	circulatory/breathing symptoms	945:974	circulatory/breathing symptoms	945:974	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	6	78	dep	psychological	914:926	arg1	pains/aches					929:939	pains/aches	929:939	pains/aches	929:939	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	7	79	theme	Multiple	978:985	arg1	regression					994:1003	Multiple linear regression	978:1003	Multiple linear regression	978:1003	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	11	80	theme	nutrition	1772:1780	arg1	behaviour					1782:1790	More healthy nutrition behaviour	1759:1790	More healthy nutrition behaviour	1759:1790	More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints.
26473918	0	81	theme	Health	86:91	arg1	Complaints					93:102	Less Health Complaints	81:102	Less Health Complaints	81:102	Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints?
26473918	12	82	with	associations	2032:2043	arg1	complaints					2082:2091	self-reported health and health complaints	2050:2091	self-reported health and health complaints	2050:2091	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	9	83	theme	dietary	1544:1550	arg1	adherence					1562:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	less dietary guideline adherence	1539:1570	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	84	theme	good	1316:1319	arg1	health					1335:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	11	85	theme	better	1825:1830	arg1	health					1846:1851	better self-reported health	1825:1851	better self-reported health	1825:1851	More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints.
26473918	12	86	theme	best	1983:1986	arg1	indicator					1988:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	12	86	theme	best	1983:1986	arg1	index					1969:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	6	87	theme	circulatory/breathing	945:965	arg1	symptoms					967:974	circulatory/breathing symptoms	945:974	circulatory/breathing symptoms	945:974	Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	confounders					733:743	many potential confounders	718:743	many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI)	718:840	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	activity					815:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	age					746:748	age	746:748	age	746:748	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	situation					786:794	economic situation	777:794	economic situation	777:794	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	Faculty					825:831	Faculty	825:831	Faculty	825:831	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	sex					751:753	sex	751:753	sex	751:753	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	88	theme	many	718:721	arg1	BMI					837:839	BMI	837:839	BMI	837:839	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	12	89	theme	dietary	1941:1947	arg1	indicator					1988:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	12	89	theme	dietary	1941:1947	arg1	index					1969:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	5	90	theme	logistic	581:588	arg1	regression					590:599	Multinomial logistic regression	569:599	Multinomial logistic regression	569:599	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	10	91	theme	sweets	1687:1692	arg1	adherence					1726:1734	a lower adherence	1718:1734	a lower adherence to dietary guidelines	1718:1756	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	10	91	theme	sweets	1687:1692	arg1	consumption					1672:1682	a higher consumption	1663:1682	a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks	1663:1712	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	0	92	theme	Healthier	3:11	arg1	Behaviour					23:31	Healthier Nutrition Behaviour	3:31	Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints	3:102	Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints?
26473918	12	93	theme	adherence	1959:1967	arg1	indicator					1988:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	the best indicator	1979:1996	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	12	93	theme	adherence	1959:1967	arg1	index					1969:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	the dietary guideline adherence index	1937:1973	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	7	94	with	association	1016:1026	arg1	components					1070:1079	the three components	1060:1079	the three components	1060:1079	Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders.
26473918	8	95	theme	decreasing	1356:1365	arg1	trend					1367:1371	a decreasing trend	1354:1371	a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health	1354:1429	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	5	96	theme	economic	777:784	arg1	confounders					733:743	many potential confounders	718:743	many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI)	718:840	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	96	theme	economic	777:784	arg1	situation					786:794	economic situation	777:794	economic situation	777:794	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	9	97	theme	healthy	1606:1612	arg1	eating					1614:1619	healthy eating	1606:1619	healthy eating	1606:1619	High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	98	with	students	1287:1294	arg1	health					1335:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	excellent/very good self-reported health	1301:1340	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	10	99	theme	snacks	1707:1712	arg1	adherence					1726:1734	a lower adherence	1718:1734	a lower adherence to dietary guidelines	1718:1756	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	10	99	theme	snacks	1707:1712	arg1	consumption					1672:1682	a higher consumption	1663:1682	a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks	1663:1712	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	3	100	from	University	260:269	arg1	Students					244:251	Students	244:251	Students at the University of Turku in Finland	244:289	Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189).
26473918	5	101	theme	physical	806:813	arg1	activity					815:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	moderate physical activity	797:822	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	5	101	theme	physical	806:813	arg1	confounders					733:743	many potential confounders	718:743	many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI)	718:840	Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI).
26473918	2	102	theme	self-reported	168:180	arg1	health					182:187	self-reported health	168:187	self-reported health	168:187	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	10	103	theme	cookies	1695:1701	arg1	adherence					1726:1734	a lower adherence	1718:1734	a lower adherence to dietary guidelines	1718:1756	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	10	103	theme	cookies	1695:1701	arg1	consumption					1672:1682	a higher consumption	1663:1682	a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks	1663:1712	Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines.
26473918	0	104	theme	Self-Reported	56:68	arg1	Health					70:75	Better Self-Reported Health	49:75	Better Self-Reported Health	49:75	Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints?
26473918	4	105	theme	guideline	494:502	arg1	index					514:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	a dietary guideline adherence index	484:518	For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating.
26473918	8	106	theme	poor/fair	1400:1408	arg1	health					1424:1429	poor/fair self-reported health	1400:1429	poor/fair self-reported health	1400:1429	Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health.
26473918	12	107	theme	behaviour	1903:1911	arg1	indicators					1913:1922	the four nutrition behaviour indicators	1884:1922	the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed	1884:1934	Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.
26473918	2	108	theme	health	196:201	arg1	complaints					203:212	20 health complaints	193:212	20 health complaints	193:212	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26473918	2	109	from	behaviour	157:165	arg1	Finland					235:241	Finland	235:241	Finland	235:241	We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland.
26382071	5	0	theme	nutritional	1177:1187	arg1	status					1189:1194	the nutritional status	1173:1194	the nutritional status of the animal host	1173:1213	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	4	1	theme	nutrient	912:919	arg1	content					921:927	food nutrient content	907:927	food nutrient content	907:927	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	1	2	theme	animals	150:156	arg1	health					135:140	the nutritional health	119:140	the nutritional health of many animals	119:156	Gut microorganisms are essential for the nutritional health of many animals, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
26382071	5	3	theme	food	1144:1147	arg1	balance					1133:1139	the nutritional balance	1117:1139	the nutritional balance of food	1117:1147	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	4	4	theme	food	907:910	arg1	content					921:927	food nutrient content	907:927	food nutrient content	907:927	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	3	5	theme	bacterial-mediated	561:578	arg1	reduction					580:588	a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction	550:588	a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content	550:612	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	6	from	reduction	580:588	arg1	content					606:612	food glucose content	593:612	food glucose content	593:612	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	5	7	theme	host	1210:1213	arg1	status					1189:1194	the nutritional status	1173:1194	the nutritional status of the animal host	1173:1213	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	3	8	theme	glucose	598:604	arg1	content					606:612	food glucose content	593:612	food glucose content	593:612	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	4	9	theme	content	921:927	arg1	quantification					889:902	empirical quantification	879:902	empirical quantification of food nutrient content	879:927	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	3	10	theme	relative	503:510	arg1	flies					497:501	A. tropicalis-colonized flies	473:501	A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies	473:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	4	11	theme	empirical	879:887	arg1	quantification					889:902	empirical quantification	879:902	empirical quantification of food nutrient content	879:927	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	3	12	theme	lower	450:454	arg1	content					462:468	the lower lipid content	446:468	the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies	446:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	5	13	dep	alter	1111:1115	arg1	influence					1163:1171	influence	1163:1171	influence the nutritional status of the animal host	1163:1213	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	3	14	dep	tropicalis-colonized	791:810	arg1	A.					788:789	A.	788:789	A.	788:789	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	15	theme	parallel	552:559	arg1	reduction					580:588	a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction	550:588	a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content	550:612	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	16	theme	lipid	456:460	arg1	content					462:468	the lower lipid content	446:468	the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies	446:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	17	theme	feeding	726:732	arg1	rate					734:737	feeding rate	726:737	feeding rate	726:737	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	1	18	theme	Gut	82:84	arg1	microorganisms					86:99	Gut microorganisms	82:99	Gut microorganisms	82:99	Gut microorganisms are essential for the nutritional health of many animals, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
26382071	1	19	theme	underlying	167:176	arg1	mechanisms					178:187	the underlying mechanisms	163:187	the underlying mechanisms	163:187	Gut microorganisms are essential for the nutritional health of many animals, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
26382071	0	20	theme	sugar	23:27	arg1	Consumption					0:10	Consumption	0:10	Consumption of dietary sugar by gut bacteria	0:43	Consumption of dietary sugar by gut bacteria determines Drosophila lipid content.
26382071	3	21	theme	bacteria-free	770:782	arg1	flies					812:816	bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies	770:816	bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies	770:816	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	22	theme	A.	473:474	arg1	flies					497:501	A. tropicalis-colonized flies	473:501	A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies	473:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	0	23	theme	dietary	15:21	arg1	sugar					23:27	dietary sugar	15:27	dietary sugar	15:27	Consumption of dietary sugar by gut bacteria determines Drosophila lipid content.
26382071	3	24	theme	assimilation	743:754	arg1	efficiency					756:765	assimilation efficiency	743:765	assimilation efficiency	743:765	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	4	25	theme	microbial-mediated	952:969	arg1	effects					971:977	likely microbial-mediated effects	945:977	likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition	945:997	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	3	26	theme	food	593:596	arg1	content					606:612	food glucose content	593:612	food glucose content	593:612	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	27	theme	tropicalis-colonized	476:495	arg1	flies					497:501	A. tropicalis-colonized flies	473:501	A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies	473:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	0	28	theme	gut	32:34	arg1	bacteria					36:43	gut bacteria	32:43	gut bacteria	32:43	Consumption of dietary sugar by gut bacteria determines Drosophila lipid content.
26382071	3	29	theme	bacteria-free	515:527	arg1	flies					529:533	bacteria-free flies	515:533	bacteria-free flies	515:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	4	30	theme	diet	982:985	arg1	composition					987:997	diet composition	982:997	diet composition	982:997	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	3	31	theme	glucose	672:678	arg1	glucose					672:678	glucose	672:678	glucose acquired by the flies	672:700	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	31	theme	glucose	672:678	arg1	amount					662:667	the amount	658:667	the amount of glucose acquired by the flies	658:700	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	5	32	theme	dietary	1068:1074	arg1	constituents					1076:1087	dietary constituents	1068:1087	dietary constituents	1068:1087	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	3	33	theme	tropicalis-colonized	791:810	arg1	flies					812:816	bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies	770:816	bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies	770:816	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	4	34	from	effects	971:977	arg1	composition					987:997	diet composition	982:997	diet composition	982:997	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	4	35	theme	nutritional	837:847	arg1	studies					849:855	nutritional studies	837:855	nutritional studies on Drosophila	837:869	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	3	36	theme	flies	812:816	arg1	rate					734:737	feeding rate	726:737	feeding rate	726:737	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	36	theme	flies	812:816	arg1	efficiency					756:765	assimilation efficiency	743:765	assimilation efficiency	743:765	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	37	dep	rate	734:737	arg1	the					722:724	the	722:724	the	722:724	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	3	38	theme	flies	497:501	arg1	content					462:468	the lower lipid content	446:468	the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies	446:533	We demonstrate that the lower lipid content of A. tropicalis-colonized flies relative to bacteria-free flies is linked with a parallel bacterial-mediated reduction in food glucose content; and can be accounted for quantitatively by the amount of glucose acquired by the flies, as determined from the feeding rate and assimilation efficiency of bacteria-free and A. tropicalis-colonized flies.
26382071	4	39	from	studies	849:855	arg1	Drosophila					860:869	Drosophila	860:869	Drosophila	860:869	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	2	40	theme	Acetobacter	342:352	arg1	tropicalis					354:363	the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis	328:363	the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food	328:423	This study investigated how lipid accumulation by adult Drosophila melanogaster is reduced in flies associated with the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food.
26382071	2	41	theme	lipid	240:244	arg1	accumulation					246:257	lipid accumulation	240:257	lipid accumulation by adult Drosophila melanogaster	240:290	This study investigated how lipid accumulation by adult Drosophila melanogaster is reduced in flies associated with the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food.
26382071	4	42	theme	likely	945:950	arg1	effects					971:977	likely microbial-mediated effects	945:977	likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition	945:997	We recommend that nutritional studies on Drosophila include empirical quantification of food nutrient content, to account for likely microbial-mediated effects on diet composition.
26382071	5	43	theme	constituents	1076:1087	arg1	consumption					1053:1063	selective consumption	1043:1063	selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms	1043:1105	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	1	44	theme	nutritional	123:133	arg1	health					135:140	the nutritional health	119:140	the nutritional health of many animals	119:156	Gut microorganisms are essential for the nutritional health of many animals, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
26382071	5	45	theme	selective	1043:1051	arg1	consumption					1053:1063	selective consumption	1043:1063	selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms	1043:1105	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	1	46	theme	many	145:148	arg1	animals					150:156	many animals	145:156	many animals	145:156	Gut microorganisms are essential for the nutritional health of many animals, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.
26382071	2	47	theme	bacterium	332:340	arg1	tropicalis					354:363	the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis	328:363	the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food	328:423	This study investigated how lipid accumulation by adult Drosophila melanogaster is reduced in flies associated with the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food.
26382071	0	48	theme	lipid	67:71	arg1	content					73:79	Drosophila lipid content	56:79	Drosophila lipid content	56:79	Consumption of dietary sugar by gut bacteria determines Drosophila lipid content.
26382071	5	49	theme	nutritional	1121:1131	arg1	balance					1133:1139	the nutritional balance	1117:1139	the nutritional balance of food	1117:1147	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
26382071	0	50	theme	Drosophila	56:65	arg1	content					73:79	Drosophila lipid content	56:79	Drosophila lipid content	56:79	Consumption of dietary sugar by gut bacteria determines Drosophila lipid content.
26382071	2	51	dep	gut	412:414	arg1	the					408:410	the	408:410	the	408:410	This study investigated how lipid accumulation by adult Drosophila melanogaster is reduced in flies associated with the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food.
26382071	2	52	theme	oral-faecal	380:390	arg1	cycling					392:398	oral-faecal cycling	380:398	oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food	380:423	This study investigated how lipid accumulation by adult Drosophila melanogaster is reduced in flies associated with the bacterium Acetobacter tropicalis which displays oral-faecal cycling between the gut and food.
26382071	5	53	theme	animal	1203:1208	arg1	host					1210:1213	the animal host	1199:1213	the animal host	1199:1213	More broadly, this study demonstrates that selective consumption of dietary constituents by microorganisms can alter the nutritional balance of food and, thereby, influence the nutritional status of the animal host.
27770934	4	0	theme	composition	631:641	arg1	self-assembly					578:590	The electrostatic self-assembly	560:590	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain	560:670	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	10	1	theme	thixotropic	1593:1603	arg1	behavior					1605:1612	a strong thixotropic behavior	1584:1612	a strong thixotropic behavior	1584:1612	The upward-downward rheograms showed that all of the systems evaluated in this study displayed a hysteresis loop, indicating a strong thixotropic behavior, and the thixotropic of mid-Mw Ugi-Alg was the strongest.
27770934	4	2	theme	M/G	644:646	arg1	composition					631:641	composition	631:641	composition (M/G ratio)	631:653	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	4	2	theme	M/G	644:646	arg1	ratio					648:652	M/G ratio	644:652	M/G ratio	644:652	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	7	3	theme	rheological	1186:1196	arg1	behavior					1198:1205	the rheological behavior	1182:1205	the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio	1182:1268	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	8	4	theme	non-Newtonian	1302:1314	arg1	behavior					1331:1338	a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior	1300:1338	a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2)	1300:1373	All of the samples exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2).
27770934	11	5	theme	oscillatory	1732:1742	arg1	sweep					1754:1758	oscillatory frequency sweep	1732:1758	oscillatory frequency sweep	1732:1758	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	0	6	theme	Structural	0:9	arg1	characterizations					27:43	Structural and rheological characterizations	0:43	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	0:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	10	7	theme	Ugi-Alg	1645:1651	arg1	thixotropic					1623:1633	thixotropic	1623:1633	thixotropic	1623:1633	The upward-downward rheograms showed that all of the systems evaluated in this study displayed a hysteresis loop, indicating a strong thixotropic behavior, and the thixotropic of mid-Mw Ugi-Alg was the strongest.
27770934	10	7	theme	Ugi-Alg	1645:1651	arg1	strongest					1661:1669	strongest	1661:1669	strongest	1661:1669	The upward-downward rheograms showed that all of the systems evaluated in this study displayed a hysteresis loop, indicating a strong thixotropic behavior, and the thixotropic of mid-Mw Ugi-Alg was the strongest.
27770934	5	8	theme	mid-Mw	881:886	arg1	Ugi-Alg					888:894	the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg	877:894	the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol)	877:912	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	5	8	theme	mid-Mw	881:886	arg1	Mw~2.8×105g/mol					897:911	Mw~2.8×105g/mol	897:911	Mw~2.8×105g/mol	897:911	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	6	9	theme	G/M	1006:1008	arg1	values					1010:1015	G/M values	1006:1015	G/M values	1006:1015	However, G/M values exerted no obvious effect on nanoparticles structure.
27770934	8	10	theme	shear	1357:1361	arg1	γ̇c2					1369:1372	γ̇c2	1369:1372	γ̇c2	1369:1372	All of the samples exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2).
27770934	8	10	theme	shear	1357:1361	arg1	rate					1363:1366	a critical shear rate	1346:1366	a critical shear rate (γ̇c2)	1346:1373	All of the samples exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2).
27770934	7	11	theme	dynamical	1119:1127	arg1	viscoelasticity					1129:1143	dynamical viscoelasticity	1119:1143	dynamical viscoelasticity	1119:1143	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	4	12	theme	electron	752:759	arg1	resonance					766:774	electron spin resonance	752:774	electron spin resonance experiments	752:786	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	7	13	theme	thixotropy	1104:1113	arg1	tests					1145:1149	steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests	1085:1149	steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests	1085:1149	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	5	14	theme	low	965:967	arg1	solution					987:994	low Na+ concentration solution	965:994	low Na+ concentration solution	965:994	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	1	15	used	used	230:233	arg2	polymers					141:148	Amphiphilic polymers	129:148	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media	129:201	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	4	16	theme	resonance	766:774	arg1	experiments					776:786	electron spin resonance experiments	752:786	electron spin resonance experiments	752:786	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	11	17	theme	fluid-like	1833:1842	arg1	behavior					1857:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior	1829:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg	1829:1883	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	7	18	theme	flow	1098:1101	arg1	tests					1145:1149	steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests	1085:1149	steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests	1085:1149	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	5	19	theme	concentration	973:985	arg1	solution					987:994	low Na+ concentration solution	965:994	low Na+ concentration solution	965:994	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	1	20	theme	self-assembled	160:173	arg1	structures					175:184	self-assembled structures	160:184	self-assembled structures	160:184	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	0	21	from	solution	119:126	arg1	nanoparticles					48:60	nanoparticles	48:60	nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	48:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	4	22	theme	dynamic	726:732	arg1	scattering					740:749	dynamic light scattering	726:749	dynamic light scattering	726:749	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	0	23	theme	hydrophobic	87:97	arg1	alginate					99:106	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate	65:106	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	65:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	1	24	theme	aqueous	189:195	arg1	media					197:201	aqueous media	189:201	aqueous media	189:201	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	11	25	theme	high-Mw	1869:1875	arg1	Ugi-Alg					1877:1883	high-Mw Ugi-Alg	1869:1883	high-Mw Ugi-Alg	1869:1883	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	6	26	theme	obvious	1028:1034	arg1	effect					1036:1041	no obvious effect	1025:1041	no obvious effect	1025:1041	However, G/M values exerted no obvious effect on nanoparticles structure.
27770934	0	27	theme	nanoparticles	48:60	arg1	characterizations					27:43	Structural and rheological characterizations	0:43	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	0:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	2	28	theme	mass	421:424	arg1	values					426:431	various weight-average molecular mass values	388:431	various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	388:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	2	28	theme	mass	421:424	arg1	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol					434:456	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol	434:456	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol	434:456	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	5	29	theme	other	862:866	arg1	Ugi-Alg					868:874	other Ugi-Alg	862:874	other Ugi-Alg	862:874	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	2	30	theme	Ugi	480:482	arg1	reaction					484:491	Ugi reaction	480:491	Ugi reaction	480:491	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	4	31	theme	weight	615:620	arg1	self-assembly					578:590	The electrostatic self-assembly	560:590	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain	560:670	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	4	32	theme	transmission	793:804	arg1	microscopy					815:824	transmission electron microscopy	793:824	transmission electron microscopy	793:824	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	0	33	theme	rheological	15:25	arg1	characterizations					27:43	Structural and rheological characterizations	0:43	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	0:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	2	34	with	alginates	363:371	arg1	values					426:431	various weight-average molecular mass values	388:431	various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	388:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	2	34	with	alginates	363:371	arg1	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol					434:456	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol	434:456	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol	434:456	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	11	35	theme	viscoelastic	1784:1795	arg1	behavior					1797:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior	1771:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg	1771:1823	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	9	36	theme	sensitive	1405:1413	arg1	greater					1380:1386	greater	1380:1386	greater	1380:1386	The greater the Mw, the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior will be.
27770934	9	36	theme	sensitive	1405:1413	arg1	behavior					1441:1448	the temperature-dependent behavior	1415:1448	the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior	1396:1448	The greater the Mw, the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior will be.
27770934	10	37	theme	strong	1586:1591	arg1	behavior					1605:1612	a strong thixotropic behavior	1584:1612	a strong thixotropic behavior	1584:1612	The upward-downward rheograms showed that all of the systems evaluated in this study displayed a hysteresis loop, indicating a strong thixotropic behavior, and the thixotropic of mid-Mw Ugi-Alg was the strongest.
27770934	7	38	theme	aqueous	1218:1224	arg1	solutions					1226:1234	Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions	1210:1234	Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio	1210:1268	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	9	39	theme	temperature-dependent	1419:1439	arg1	greater					1380:1386	greater	1380:1386	greater	1380:1386	The greater the Mw, the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior will be.
27770934	9	39	theme	temperature-dependent	1419:1439	arg1	behavior					1441:1448	the temperature-dependent behavior	1415:1448	the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior	1396:1448	The greater the Mw, the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior will be.
27770934	4	40	theme	different	595:603	arg1	Mw					623:624	Mw	623:624	Mw	623:624	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	4	40	theme	different	595:603	arg1	weight					615:620	different molecular weight	595:620	different molecular weight (Mw)	595:625	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	11	41	theme	Ugi-Alg	1817:1823	arg1	behavior					1857:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior	1829:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg	1829:1883	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	11	41	theme	Ugi-Alg	1817:1823	arg1	behavior					1797:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior	1771:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg	1771:1823	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	1	42	dep	diagnosis	243:251	arg1	the					239:241	the	239:241	the	239:241	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	2	43	theme	alginates	363:371	arg1	series					319:324	a series	317:324	a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	317:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	11	44	theme	viscoelastic	1686:1697	arg1	properties					1699:1708	The dynamical viscoelastic properties	1672:1708	The dynamical viscoelastic properties	1672:1708	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	2	45	theme	weight-average	396:409	arg1	mass					421:424	weight-average molecular mass	396:424	various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	388:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	1	46	theme	various	268:274	arg1	diseases					276:283	various diseases	268:283	various diseases	268:283	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	1	46	theme	various	268:274	arg1	cancer					296:301	cancer	296:301	cancer	296:301	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	0	47	theme	environment-sensitive	65:85	arg1	alginate					99:106	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate	65:106	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	65:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	11	48	theme	frequency	1744:1752	arg1	sweep					1754:1758	oscillatory frequency sweep	1732:1758	oscillatory frequency sweep	1732:1758	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	2	49	theme	environment-sensitive	329:349	arg1	Ugi-Alg					374:380	Ugi-Alg	374:380	Ugi-Alg	374:380	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	2	49	theme	environment-sensitive	329:349	arg1	alginates					363:371	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates	329:371	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	329:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	8	50	theme	shear-thinning	1316:1329	arg1	behavior					1331:1338	a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior	1300:1338	a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2)	1300:1373	All of the samples exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2).
27770934	7	51	theme	viscoelasticity	1129:1143	arg1	tests					1145:1149	steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests	1085:1149	steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests	1085:1149	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	10	52	theme	upward-downward	1463:1477	arg1	rheograms					1479:1487	The upward-downward rheograms	1459:1487	The upward-downward rheograms	1459:1487	The upward-downward rheograms showed that all of the systems evaluated in this study displayed a hysteresis loop, indicating a strong thixotropic behavior, and the thixotropic of mid-Mw Ugi-Alg was the strongest.
27770934	4	53	theme	chain	666:670	arg1	self-assembly					578:590	The electrostatic self-assembly	560:590	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain	560:670	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	0	54	from	alginate	99:106	arg1	solution					119:126	aqueous solution	111:126	aqueous solution	111:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	4	55	theme	various	678:684	arg1	concentrations					690:703	various Na+ concentrations	678:703	various Na+ concentrations	678:703	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	7	56	theme	steady-shear	1085:1096	arg1	flow					1098:1101	steady-shear flow	1085:1101	steady-shear flow	1085:1101	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	5	57	theme	Na+	969:971	arg1	solution					987:994	low Na+ concentration solution	965:994	low Na+ concentration solution	965:994	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	4	58	theme	spin	761:764	arg1	resonance					766:774	electron spin resonance	752:774	electron spin resonance experiments	752:786	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	11	59	theme	viscoelastic	1844:1855	arg1	behavior					1857:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior	1829:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg	1829:1883	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	0	60	theme	alginate	99:106	arg1	nanoparticles					48:60	nanoparticles	48:60	nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution	48:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	5	61	theme	stable	925:930	arg1	nanoparticles					948:960	stable and homogeneous nanoparticles	925:960	stable and homogeneous nanoparticles	925:960	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	0	62	theme	aqueous	111:117	arg1	solution					119:126	aqueous solution	111:126	aqueous solution	111:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	5	63	theme	homogeneous	936:946	arg1	nanoparticles					948:960	stable and homogeneous nanoparticles	925:960	stable and homogeneous nanoparticles	925:960	Result showed that by comparing to other Ugi-Alg, the mid-Mw Ugi-Alg (Mw~2.8×105g/mol) could form stable and homogeneous nanoparticles in low Na+ concentration solution.
27770934	6	64	theme	nanoparticles	1046:1058	arg1	structure					1060:1068	nanoparticles structure	1046:1068	nanoparticles structure	1046:1068	However, G/M values exerted no obvious effect on nanoparticles structure.
27770934	4	65	theme	electrostatic	564:576	arg1	self-assembly					578:590	The electrostatic self-assembly	560:590	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain	560:670	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	4	66	theme	light	734:738	arg1	scattering					740:749	dynamic light scattering	726:749	dynamic light scattering	726:749	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	11	67	theme	Ugi-Alg	1877:1883	arg1	behavior					1857:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior	1829:1864	the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg	1829:1883	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	11	67	theme	Ugi-Alg	1877:1883	arg1	behavior					1797:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior	1771:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg	1771:1823	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	4	68	theme	electron	806:813	arg1	microscopy					815:824	transmission electron microscopy	793:824	transmission electron microscopy	793:824	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	7	69	theme	M/G	1260:1262	arg1	ratio					1264:1268	M/G ratio	1260:1268	M/G ratio	1260:1268	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	0	70	from	nanoparticles	48:60	arg1	solution					119:126	aqueous solution	111:126	aqueous solution	111:126	Structural and rheological characterizations of nanoparticles of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginate in aqueous solution.
27770934	2	71	theme	molecular	411:419	arg1	mass					421:424	weight-average molecular mass	396:424	various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	388:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	1	72	theme	Amphiphilic	129:139	arg1	polymers					141:148	Amphiphilic polymers	129:148	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media	129:201	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	10	73	theme	hysteresis	1556:1565	arg1	loop					1567:1570	a hysteresis loop	1554:1570	a hysteresis loop	1554:1570	The upward-downward rheograms showed that all of the systems evaluated in this study displayed a hysteresis loop, indicating a strong thixotropic behavior, and the thixotropic of mid-Mw Ugi-Alg was the strongest.
27770934	11	74	theme	gel-like	1775:1782	arg1	behavior					1797:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior	1771:1804	the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg	1771:1823	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	3	75	theme	Ugi-Alg	511:517	arg1	structure					498:506	The structure	494:506	The structure of Ugi-Alg	494:517	The structure of Ugi-Alg was characterized by 1HNMR spectrometer.
27770934	7	76	theme	solutions	1226:1234	arg1	behavior					1198:1205	the rheological behavior	1182:1205	the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio	1182:1268	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	4	77	theme	Na+	686:688	arg1	concentrations					690:703	various Na+ concentrations	678:703	various Na+ concentrations	678:703	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	9	78	dep	greater	1380:1386	arg1	Mw					1392:1393	the Mw	1388:1393	The greater the Mw	1376:1393	The greater the Mw, the more sensitive the temperature-dependent behavior will be.
27770934	7	79	theme	Ugi-Alg	1210:1216	arg1	solutions					1226:1234	Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions	1210:1234	Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio	1210:1268	Additionally, steady-shear flow, thixotropy and dynamical viscoelasticity tests were performed to characterize the rheological behavior of Ugi-Alg aqueous solutions as influenced by Mw and M/G ratio.
27770934	4	80	theme	molecular	605:613	arg1	Mw					623:624	Mw	623:624	Mw	623:624	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	4	80	theme	molecular	605:613	arg1	weight					615:620	different molecular weight	595:620	different molecular weight (Mw)	595:625	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	11	81	theme	mid-low	1809:1815	arg1	Ugi-Alg					1817:1823	mid-low Ugi-Alg	1809:1823	mid-low Ugi-Alg	1809:1823	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	3	82	theme	1HNMR	540:544	arg1	spectrometer					546:557	1HNMR spectrometer	540:557	1HNMR spectrometer	540:557	The structure of Ugi-Alg was characterized by 1HNMR spectrometer.
27770934	11	83	theme	dynamical	1676:1684	arg1	properties					1699:1708	The dynamical viscoelastic properties	1672:1708	The dynamical viscoelastic properties	1672:1708	The dynamical viscoelastic properties were characterized by oscillatory frequency sweep, revealing the gel-like viscoelastic behavior of mid-low Ugi-Alg and the fluid-like viscoelastic behavior of high-Mw Ugi-Alg.
27770934	2	84	theme	hydrophobic	351:361	arg1	Ugi-Alg					374:380	Ugi-Alg	374:380	Ugi-Alg	374:380	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	2	84	theme	hydrophobic	351:361	arg1	alginates					363:371	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates	329:371	environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	329:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	8	85	theme	critical	1348:1355	arg1	γ̇c2					1369:1372	γ̇c2	1369:1372	γ̇c2	1369:1372	All of the samples exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2).
27770934	8	85	theme	critical	1348:1355	arg1	rate					1363:1366	a critical shear rate	1346:1366	a critical shear rate (γ̇c2)	1346:1373	All of the samples exhibited a non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior above a critical shear rate (γ̇c2).
27770934	4	86	theme	Ugi-Alg	658:664	arg1	chain					666:670	Ugi-Alg chain	658:670	Ugi-Alg chain	658:670	The electrostatic self-assembly of different molecular weight (Mw) and composition (M/G ratio) of Ugi-Alg chain under various Na+ concentrations, was investigated by dynamic light scattering, electron spin resonance experiments, and transmission electron microscopy.
27770934	2	87	theme	various	388:394	arg1	values					426:431	various weight-average molecular mass values	388:431	various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol)	388:457	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	2	87	theme	various	388:394	arg1	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol					434:456	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol	434:456	Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol	434:456	In our work, a series of environment-sensitive hydrophobic alginates (Ugi-Alg) with various weight-average molecular mass values (Mw~6.7×105-6.7×104g/mol) were synthesized via Ugi reaction.
27770934	1	88	theme	diseases	276:283	arg1	therapy					257:263	therapy	257:263	therapy	257:263	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
27770934	1	88	theme	diseases	276:283	arg1	diagnosis					243:251	diagnosis	243:251	diagnosis	243:251	Amphiphilic polymers that form self-assembled structures in aqueous media have been investigated and used for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.
25843859	0	0	theme	starch	87:92	arg1	Morphology					0:9	Morphology	0:9	Morphology	0:9	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	0	0	theme	starch	87:92	arg1	properties					26:35	mechanical properties	15:35	mechanical properties	15:35	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	7	1	from	extrusion	1121:1129	arg1	presence					1146:1153	the presence	1142:1153	the presence of a chain extender	1142:1173	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	10	2	dep	strength	1531:1538	arg1	the					1519:1521	the	1519:1521	the	1519:1521	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	8	3	from	TPS	1201:1203	arg1	PBAT					1208:1211	PBAT	1208:1211	PBAT	1208:1211	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	8	4	theme	higher	1274:1279	arg1	strength					1289:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	0	5	theme	/potato	79:85	arg1	starch					87:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	0	6	theme	butylene	173:180	arg1	poly					168:171	modified poly	159:171	modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)	159:206	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	0	6	theme	butylene	173:180	arg1	adipate-co-terephthalate					182:205	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	173:205	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	173:205	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	10	7	theme	biodegradable	1585:1597	arg1	blends					1615:1620	the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends	1571:1620	the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%)	1571:1632	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	7	theme	biodegradable	1585:1597	arg1	%					1631:1631	TPS=40wt%	1623:1631	TPS=40wt%	1623:1631	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	3	8	theme	PBAT/TPS	653:660	arg1	blends					662:667	PBAT/TPS blends	653:667	PBAT/TPS blends	653:667	In this work, two approaches were developed to improve the mechanical properties of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	8	9	from	break	1316:1320	arg1	elongation					1302:1311	elongation	1302:1311	elongation	1302:1311	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	8	9	from	break	1316:1320	arg1	strength					1289:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	3	10	theme	blends	662:667	arg1	properties					639:648	the mechanical properties	624:648	the mechanical properties of PBAT/TPS blends	624:667	In this work, two approaches were developed to improve the mechanical properties of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	7	11	theme	extender	1166:1173	arg1	presence					1146:1153	the presence	1142:1153	the presence of a chain extender	1142:1173	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	5	12	dep	NMR	938:940	arg1	1					934:934	1	934:934	1	934:934	The chemical structures of SMG were analyzed with (1)H NMR and FT-IR.
25843859	9	13	theme	higher	1502:1507	arg1	level					1484:1488	a similar level	1474:1488	a similar level or slightly higher	1474:1507	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	1	14	theme	/thermoplastic	272:285	arg1	composite					300:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	10	15	theme	various	1700:1706	arg1	films					1768:1772	agricultural mulching films	1746:1772	agricultural mulching films	1746:1772	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	15	theme	various	1700:1706	arg1	applications					1708:1719	various applications	1700:1719	various applications	1700:1719	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	15	theme	various	1700:1706	arg1	packaging					1732:1740	packaging	1732:1740	packaging	1732:1740	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	8	16	theme	tensile	1281:1287	arg1	strength					1289:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	4	17	theme	methacrylate	798:809	arg1	terpolymer					817:826	the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer	720:826	the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer	720:826	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	1	18	theme	starch	287:292	arg1	composite					300:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	7	19	with	M-PBATs	1057:1063	arg1	weight					1087:1092	higher molecular weight	1070:1092	higher molecular weight	1070:1092	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	7	20	theme	higher	1070:1075	arg1	weight					1087:1092	higher molecular weight	1070:1092	higher molecular weight	1070:1092	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	6	21	theme	PBAT	1028:1031	arg1	part					1020:1023	part	1020:1023	part of PBAT	1020:1031	The other approach is to use the modified PBAT (M-PBAT) to replace part of PBAT in the PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	6	22	theme	PBAT/TPS	1040:1047	arg1	blends					1049:1054	the PBAT/TPS blends	1036:1054	the PBAT/TPS blends	1036:1054	The other approach is to use the modified PBAT (M-PBAT) to replace part of PBAT in the PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	7	23	theme	chain	1160:1164	arg1	extender					1166:1173	a chain extender	1158:1173	a chain extender	1158:1173	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	2	24	theme	mechanical	488:497	arg1	properties					499:508	the poor mechanical properties	479:508	the poor mechanical properties originating from the incompatibility between PBAT and TPS	479:566	However, the application of PBAT/TPS blends was limited due to the poor mechanical properties originating from the incompatibility between PBAT and TPS.
25843859	2	25	theme	poor	483:486	arg1	properties					499:508	the poor mechanical properties	479:508	the poor mechanical properties originating from the incompatibility between PBAT and TPS	479:566	However, the application of PBAT/TPS blends was limited due to the poor mechanical properties originating from the incompatibility between PBAT and TPS.
25843859	7	26	theme	reactive	1112:1119	arg1	extrusion					1121:1129	reactive extrusion	1112:1129	reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender	1112:1173	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	9	27	theme	similar	1476:1482	arg1	level					1484:1488	a similar level	1474:1488	a similar level or slightly higher	1474:1507	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	8	28	theme	TPS	1201:1203	arg1	dispersion					1187:1196	The better dispersion	1176:1196	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT	1176:1211	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	9	29	theme	tensile	1445:1451	arg1	strength					1453:1460	the tensile strength	1441:1460	the tensile strength	1441:1460	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	1	30	theme	solid	394:398	arg1	disposal					406:413	solid waste disposal	394:413	solid waste disposal	394:413	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	8	31	from	dispersion	1187:1196	arg1	PBAT					1208:1211	PBAT	1208:1211	PBAT	1208:1211	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	5	32	theme	SMG	910:912	arg1	structures					896:905	The chemical structures	883:905	The chemical structures of SMG	883:912	The chemical structures of SMG were analyzed with (1)H NMR and FT-IR.
25843859	8	33	theme	better	1180:1185	arg1	dispersion					1187:1196	The better dispersion	1176:1196	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT	1176:1211	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	10	34	theme	blends	1615:1620	arg1	strength					1531:1538	tensile strength	1523:1538	tensile strength	1523:1538	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	34	theme	blends	1615:1620	arg1	elongation					1548:1557	the elongation	1544:1557	the elongation at break	1544:1566	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	34	theme	blends	1615:1620	arg1	27.0MPa					1645:1651	27.0MPa	1645:1651	27.0MPa	1645:1651	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	8	35	located	observed	1217:1224	arg2	dispersion					1187:1196	The better dispersion	1176:1196	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT	1176:1211	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	8	35	located	observed	1217:1224	arg1	images					1233:1238	SEM images	1229:1238	SEM images	1229:1238	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	2	36	theme	blends	453:458	arg1	application					429:439	the application	425:439	the application of PBAT/TPS blends	425:458	However, the application of PBAT/TPS blends was limited due to the poor mechanical properties originating from the incompatibility between PBAT and TPS.
25843859	1	37	theme	TPS	295:297	arg1	composite					300:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	0	38	theme	synthesized	120:130	arg1	compatibilizer					141:154	synthesized reactive compatibilizer	120:154	synthesized reactive compatibilizer	120:154	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	4	39	theme	anhydride-glycidyl	779:796	arg1	SMG					812:814	SMG	812:814	SMG	812:814	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	4	39	theme	anhydride-glycidyl	779:796	arg1	methacrylate					798:809	a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate	762:809	a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG)	762:815	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	7	40	theme	molecular	1077:1085	arg1	weight					1087:1092	higher molecular weight	1070:1092	higher molecular weight	1070:1092	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	9	41	theme	compatibilizer	1404:1417	arg1	presence					1392:1399	the presence	1388:1399	the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368)	1388:1431	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	0	42	theme	mechanical	15:24	arg1	properties					26:35	mechanical properties	15:35	mechanical properties	15:35	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	9	43	from	break	1369:1373	arg1	elongation					1355:1364	the elongation	1351:1364	the elongation at break	1351:1373	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	1	44	theme	waste	400:404	arg1	disposal					406:413	solid waste disposal	394:413	solid waste disposal	394:413	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	4	45	theme	styrene-maleic	764:777	arg1	SMG					812:814	SMG	812:814	SMG	812:814	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	4	45	theme	styrene-maleic	764:777	arg1	methacrylate					798:809	a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate	762:809	a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG)	762:815	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	1	46	theme	biodegradable	213:225	arg1	poly					227:230	The biodegradable poly	209:230	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	1	46	theme	biodegradable	213:225	arg1	adipate-co-terephthalate					241:264	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	232:264	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	232:264	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	1	46	theme	biodegradable	213:225	arg1	PBAT					267:270	PBAT	267:270	PBAT	267:270	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	0	47	theme	poly	40:43	arg1	starch					87:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	0	48	theme	compatibilizer	141:154	arg1	presence					108:115	the presence	104:115	the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)	104:206	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	8	49	dep	strength	1289:1296	arg1	the					1270:1272	the	1270:1272	the	1270:1272	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	1	50	theme	poly	227:230	arg1	composite					300:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	7	51	theme	PBAT	1134:1137	arg1	extrusion					1121:1129	reactive extrusion	1112:1129	reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender	1112:1173	M-PBATs with higher molecular weight were obtained via reactive extrusion of PBAT in the presence of a chain extender.
25843859	6	52	theme	other	957:961	arg1	approach					963:970	The other approach	953:970	The other approach	953:970	The other approach is to use the modified PBAT (M-PBAT) to replace part of PBAT in the PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	0	53	theme	reactive	132:139	arg1	compatibilizer					141:154	synthesized reactive compatibilizer	120:154	synthesized reactive compatibilizer	120:154	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	10	54	theme	mulching	1759:1766	arg1	films					1768:1772	agricultural mulching films	1746:1772	agricultural mulching films	1746:1772	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	4	55	theme	commercial	837:846	arg1	compatibilizer					848:861	the commercial compatibilizer	833:861	the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368)	833:880	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	4	55	theme	commercial	837:846	arg1	Joncryl-ADR-4368					864:879	Joncryl-ADR-4368	864:879	Joncryl-ADR-4368	864:879	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	5	56	theme	chemical	887:894	arg1	structures					896:905	The chemical structures	883:905	The chemical structures of SMG	883:912	The chemical structures of SMG were analyzed with (1)H NMR and FT-IR.
25843859	0	57	theme	butylene	45:52	arg1	starch					87:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	0	58	theme	modified	159:166	arg1	poly					168:171	modified poly	159:171	modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)	159:206	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	0	58	theme	modified	159:166	arg1	adipate-co-terephthalate					182:205	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	173:205	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	173:205	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	1	59	dep	environmental	361:373	arg1	concerns					375:382	concerns	375:382	concerns	375:382	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	8	60	from	PBAT	1208:1211	arg1	dispersion					1187:1196	The better dispersion	1176:1196	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT	1176:1211	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	4	61	theme	synthesized	724:734	arg1	terpolymer					817:826	the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer	720:826	the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer	720:826	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	10	62	theme	tensile	1523:1529	arg1	strength					1531:1538	tensile strength	1523:1538	tensile strength	1523:1538	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	1	63	theme	considerable	323:334	arg1	attention					336:344	considerable attention	323:344	considerable attention	323:344	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	10	64	theme	resulting	1575:1583	arg1	blends					1615:1620	the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends	1571:1620	the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%)	1571:1632	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	64	theme	resulting	1575:1583	arg1	%					1631:1631	TPS=40wt%	1623:1631	TPS=40wt%	1623:1631	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	6	65	theme	modified	986:993	arg1	PBAT					995:998	the modified PBAT	982:998	the modified PBAT (M-PBAT)	982:1007	The other approach is to use the modified PBAT (M-PBAT) to replace part of PBAT in the PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	6	65	theme	modified	986:993	arg1	M-PBAT					1001:1006	M-PBAT	1001:1006	M-PBAT	1001:1006	The other approach is to use the modified PBAT (M-PBAT) to replace part of PBAT in the PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	5	66	theme	H	936:936	arg1	NMR					938:940	(1)H NMR	933:940	(1)H NMR	933:940	The chemical structures of SMG were analyzed with (1)H NMR and FT-IR.
25843859	9	67	dep	compatibilizer	1404:1417	arg1	4368					1427:1430	4368	1427:1430	4368	1427:1430	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	9	67	dep	compatibilizer	1404:1417	arg1	SMG					1420:1422	SMG	1420:1422	SMG	1420:1422	However, the elongation at break decreased in the presence of compatibilizer (SMG or 4368), though the tensile strength remained in a similar level or slightly higher.
25843859	3	68	theme	mechanical	628:637	arg1	properties					639:648	the mechanical properties	624:648	the mechanical properties of PBAT/TPS blends	624:667	In this work, two approaches were developed to improve the mechanical properties of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	8	69	theme	blends	1334:1339	arg1	elongation					1302:1311	elongation	1302:1311	elongation	1302:1311	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	8	69	theme	blends	1334:1339	arg1	strength					1289:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	higher tensile strength	1274:1296	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	4	70	theme	compatibilizer	745:758	arg1	terpolymer					817:826	the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer	720:826	the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer	720:826	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	8	71	theme	PBAT/TPS	1325:1332	arg1	blends					1334:1339	PBAT/TPS blends	1325:1339	PBAT/TPS blends	1325:1339	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	1	72	theme	butylene	232:239	arg1	poly					227:230	The biodegradable poly	209:230	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite	209:308	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	1	72	theme	butylene	232:239	arg1	adipate-co-terephthalate					241:264	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	232:264	butylene adipate-co-terephthalate	232:264	The biodegradable poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) composite has received considerable attention because of the environmental concerns raised by solid waste disposal.
25843859	0	73	theme	poly	168:171	arg1	presence					108:115	the presence	104:115	the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)	104:206	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	4	74	theme	reactive	736:743	arg1	compatibilizer					745:758	reactive compatibilizer	736:758	reactive compatibilizer	736:758	One approach is to use compatibilizers, including the synthesized reactive compatibilizer - a styrene-maleic anhydride-glycidyl methacrylate (SMG) terpolymer, and the commercial compatibilizer (Joncryl-ADR-4368).
25843859	8	75	theme	SEM	1229:1231	arg1	images					1233:1238	SEM images	1229:1238	SEM images	1229:1238	The better dispersion of TPS in PBAT was observed in SEM images when using M-PBAT, leading to the higher tensile strength and elongation at break of PBAT/TPS blends.
25843859	10	76	theme	PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS	1599:1613	arg1	blends					1615:1620	the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends	1571:1620	the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%)	1571:1632	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	76	theme	PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS	1599:1613	arg1	%					1631:1631	TPS=40wt%	1623:1631	TPS=40wt%	1623:1631	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	77	from	break	1562:1566	arg1	strength					1531:1538	tensile strength	1523:1538	tensile strength	1523:1538	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	77	from	break	1562:1566	arg1	elongation					1548:1557	the elongation	1544:1557	the elongation at break	1544:1566	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	10	77	from	break	1562:1566	arg1	27.0MPa					1645:1651	27.0MPa	1645:1651	27.0MPa	1645:1651	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
25843859	0	78	theme	adipate-co-terephthalate	54:77	arg1	starch					87:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch	40:92	Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/potato starch blends in the presence of synthesized reactive compatibilizer or modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate).
25843859	2	79	theme	PBAT/TPS	444:451	arg1	blends					453:458	PBAT/TPS blends	444:458	PBAT/TPS blends	444:458	However, the application of PBAT/TPS blends was limited due to the poor mechanical properties originating from the incompatibility between PBAT and TPS.
25843859	10	80	theme	agricultural	1746:1757	arg1	films					1768:1772	agricultural mulching films	1746:1772	agricultural mulching films	1746:1772	Overall, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the resulting biodegradable PBAT/M-PBAT/TPS blends (TPS=40wt%) were above 27.0MPa and 500%, respectively, which is promising for various applications, including packaging and agricultural mulching films.
24460696	0	0	theme	calcium	73:79	arg1	phosphate					81:89	calcium phosphate	73:89	calcium phosphate	73:89	Effects of calcium phosphate/chitosan composite on bone healing in rats: calcium phosphate induces osteon formation.
24460696	4	1	theme	lamellar	966:973	arg1	structures					985:994	lamellar osteocyte structures	966:994	lamellar osteocyte structures	966:994	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	7	2	theme	rate	1428:1431	arg1	control					1405:1411	control	1405:1411	control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones	1405:1471	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	7	3	theme	degradation	1416:1426	arg1	rate					1428:1431	degradation rate	1416:1431	degradation rate	1416:1431	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	2	4	theme	calcium	373:379	arg1	CaP					392:394	CaP	392:394	CaP	392:394	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	2	4	theme	calcium	373:379	arg1	phosphate					381:389	osteoinductive calcium phosphate	358:389	osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models	358:425	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	3	5	theme	growth	715:720	arg1	rates					722:726	normal bone growth rates	703:726	normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day)	703:755	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	7	6	theme	bone	1389:1392	arg1	formation					1354:1362	formation	1354:1362	formation of vascularized cortical bone	1354:1392	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	6	7	theme	bone	1215:1218	arg1	regeneration					1220:1231	the bone regeneration	1211:1231	the bone regeneration	1211:1231	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	2	8	theme	osteoinductive	358:371	arg1	CaP					392:394	CaP	392:394	CaP	392:394	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	2	8	theme	osteoinductive	358:371	arg1	phosphate					381:389	osteoinductive calcium phosphate	358:389	osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models	358:425	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	7	9	theme	Further	1288:1294	arg1	investigation					1296:1308	Further investigation	1288:1308	Further investigation	1288:1308	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	5	10	theme	calvarial	1082:1090	arg1	bone					1092:1095	calvarial bone	1082:1095	calvarial bone	1082:1095	These were later fully replaced by compact bone, indicating complete regeneration of calvarial bone.
24460696	7	11	theme	use	1438:1440	arg1	control					1405:1411	control	1405:1411	control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones	1405:1471	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	4	12	theme	osteon	863:868	arg1	formation					870:878	primary osteon formation	855:878	primary osteon formation	855:878	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	3	13	theme	woven	585:589	arg1	bone					591:594	new woven bone	581:594	new woven bone	581:594	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	14	theme	age	794:796	arg1	controls					773:780	implant-free controls	760:780	implant-free controls of the same age	760:796	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	4	15	theme	fibrous	924:930	arg1	tissue					932:937	early-region fibrous tissue	911:937	early-region fibrous tissue	911:937	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	0	16	from	healing	56:62	arg1	rats					67:70	rats	67:70	rats	67:70	Effects of calcium phosphate/chitosan composite on bone healing in rats: calcium phosphate induces osteon formation.
24460696	4	17	theme	primary	855:861	arg1	formation					870:878	primary osteon formation	855:878	primary osteon formation	855:878	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	7	18	theme	cortical	1380:1387	arg1	bone					1389:1392	vascularized cortical bone	1367:1392	vascularized cortical bone	1367:1392	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	5	19	theme	bone	1092:1095	arg1	regeneration					1066:1077	complete regeneration	1057:1077	complete regeneration of calvarial bone	1057:1095	These were later fully replaced by compact bone, indicating complete regeneration of calvarial bone.
24460696	6	20	theme	CaP	1108:1110	arg1	osteoinductive					1146:1159	osteoinductive	1146:1159	osteoinductive	1146:1159	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	6	20	theme	CaP	1108:1110	arg1	biomaterial					1112:1122	the CaP biomaterial	1104:1122	the CaP biomaterial used here	1104:1132	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	0	21	theme	osteon	99:104	arg1	formation					106:114	osteon formation	99:114	osteon formation	99:114	Effects of calcium phosphate/chitosan composite on bone healing in rats: calcium phosphate induces osteon formation.
24460696	3	22	theme	normal	703:708	arg1	rates					722:726	normal bone growth rates	703:726	normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day)	703:755	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	23	theme	same	789:792	arg1	age					794:796	the same age	785:796	the same age	785:796	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	24	theme	bone	710:713	arg1	rates					722:726	normal bone growth rates	703:726	normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day)	703:755	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	4	25	theme	histological	830:841	arg1	evidence					843:850	histological evidence	830:850	histological evidence of primary osteon formation	830:878	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	3	26	theme	bone	591:594	arg1	mineralization					563:576	mineralization	563:576	mineralization	563:576	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	26	theme	bone	591:594	arg1	formation					549:557	formation	549:557	formation	549:557	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	6	27	theme	normal	1267:1272	arg1	calvaria					1278:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	7	28	theme	models	1445:1450	arg1	rate					1428:1431	degradation rate	1416:1431	degradation rate	1416:1431	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	7	28	theme	models	1445:1450	arg1	use					1438:1440	use	1438:1440	use of models of long, dense bones	1438:1471	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	3	29	dep	showed	519:524	arg1	accelerated					537:547	accelerated	537:547	accelerated	537:547	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	30	from	defects	599:605	arg1	stages					622:627	the initial stages	610:627	the initial stages	610:627	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	1	31	theme	significant	183:193	arg1	challenges					195:204	the most significant challenges	174:204	the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering	174:248	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	6	32	from	calvaria	1278:1285	arg1	absence					1245:1251	an absence	1242:1251	an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria	1242:1285	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	2	33	theme	artificial	299:308	arg1	scaffolds					310:318	artificial scaffolds	299:318	artificial scaffolds	299:318	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	1	34	theme	challenges	195:204	arg1	challenges					195:204	the most significant challenges	174:204	the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering	174:248	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	1	34	theme	challenges	195:204	arg1	one					167:169	one	167:169	one	167:169	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	0	35	theme	calcium	11:17	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of calcium	0:17	Effects of calcium phosphate/chitosan composite on bone healing in rats: calcium phosphate induces osteon formation.
24460696	4	36	theme	blood	894:898	arg1	vessels					900:906	blood vessels	894:906	blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures	894:994	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	3	37	theme	∼60 μm/day	643:652	arg1	rate					635:638	a rate	633:638	a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age	633:796	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	2	38	dep	strategies	273:282	arg1	vascularize					287:297	vascularize	287:297	to vascularize artificial scaffolds	284:318	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	3	39	theme	several	729:735	arg1	μm/day					737:742	several μm/day	729:742	several μm/day	729:742	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	39	theme	several	729:735	arg1	0.1 mg/day					745:754	0.1 mg/day	745:754	0.1 mg/day	745:754	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	4	40	theme	early-region	911:922	arg1	tissue					932:937	early-region fibrous tissue	911:937	early-region fibrous tissue	911:937	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	5	41	theme	complete	1057:1064	arg1	regeneration					1066:1077	complete regeneration	1057:1077	complete regeneration of calvarial bone	1057:1095	These were later fully replaced by compact bone, indicating complete regeneration of calvarial bone.
24460696	7	42	theme	dense	1461:1465	arg1	bones					1467:1471	long, dense bones	1455:1471	bones	1467:1471	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	4	43	theme	osteocyte	975:983	arg1	structures					985:994	lamellar osteocyte structures	966:994	lamellar osteocyte structures	966:994	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	7	44	theme	cortical	1518:1525	arg1	bone					1527:1530	human cortical bone	1512:1530	human cortical bone	1512:1530	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	4	45	from	vessels	900:906	arg1	tissue					932:937	early-region fibrous tissue	911:937	early-region fibrous tissue	911:937	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	3	46	theme	initial	614:620	arg1	stages					622:627	the initial stages	610:627	the initial stages	610:627	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	2	47	theme	animal	413:418	arg1	models					420:425	animal models	413:425	animal models	413:425	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	3	48	theme	implant-free	760:771	arg1	controls					773:780	implant-free controls	760:780	implant-free controls of the same age	760:796	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	6	49	theme	rat	1274:1276	arg1	calvaria					1278:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	3	50	theme	rat	497:499	arg1	defects					511:517	rat calvarial defects	497:517	rat calvarial defects	497:517	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	0	51	theme	bone	51:54	arg1	healing					56:62	bone healing	51:62	bone healing in rats	51:70	Effects of calcium phosphate/chitosan composite on bone healing in rats: calcium phosphate induces osteon formation.
24460696	4	52	theme	formation	870:878	arg1	evidence					843:850	histological evidence	830:850	histological evidence of primary osteon formation	830:878	Surprisingly, we also observed histological evidence of primary osteon formation, indicated by blood vessels in early-region fibrous tissue, which was encapsulated by lamellar osteocyte structures.
24460696	7	53	theme	vascularized	1367:1378	arg1	bone					1389:1392	vascularized cortical bone	1367:1392	vascularized cortical bone	1367:1392	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	3	54	theme	calvarial	501:509	arg1	defects					511:517	rat calvarial defects	497:517	rat calvarial defects	497:517	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	6	55	from	osteons	1256:1262	arg1	calvaria					1278:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	3	56	dep	rates	722:726	arg1	μm/day					737:742	several μm/day	729:742	several μm/day	729:742	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	3	56	dep	rates	722:726	arg1	0.1 mg/day					745:754	0.1 mg/day	745:754	0.1 mg/day	745:754	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	7	57	theme	human	1512:1516	arg1	bone					1527:1530	human cortical bone	1512:1530	human cortical bone	1512:1530	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	5	58	theme	compact	1032:1038	arg1	bone					1040:1043	compact bone	1032:1043	compact bone	1032:1043	These were later fully replaced by compact bone, indicating complete regeneration of calvarial bone.
24460696	2	59	theme	past	260:263	arg1	decade					265:270	the past decade	256:270	the past decade	256:270	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	2	60	from	biomaterials	397:408	arg1	models					420:425	animal models	413:425	animal models	413:425	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	3	61	theme	new	581:583	arg1	bone					591:594	new woven bone	581:594	new woven bone	581:594	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	7	62	theme	bone	1527:1530	arg1	repair					1502:1507	approximate repair	1490:1507	approximate repair of human cortical bone	1490:1530	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	6	63	theme	osteons	1256:1262	arg1	absence					1245:1251	an absence	1242:1251	an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria	1242:1285	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	1	64	theme	graft	150:154	arg1	Vascularization					117:131	Vascularization	117:131	Vascularization of an artificial graft	117:154	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	1	65	theme	bone	226:229	arg1	engineering					238:248	bone tissue engineering	226:248	bone tissue engineering	226:248	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	7	66	theme	long	1455:1458	arg1	bones					1467:1471	long, dense bones	1455:1471	bones	1467:1471	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	7	67	theme	approximate	1490:1500	arg1	repair					1502:1507	approximate repair	1490:1507	approximate repair of human cortical bone	1490:1530	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	3	68	theme	CaP-based	459:467	arg1	biomaterials					469:480	CaP-based biomaterials	459:480	CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects	459:517	In this work, we observed that CaP-based biomaterials implanted into rat calvarial defects showed remarkably accelerated formation and mineralization of new woven bone in defects in the initial stages, at a rate of ∼60 μm/day (0.8 mg/day), which was considerably higher than normal bone growth rates (several μm/day, 0.1 mg/day) in implant-free controls of the same age.
24460696	1	69	theme	artificial	139:148	arg1	graft					150:154	an artificial graft	136:154	an artificial graft	136:154	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	1	70	theme	tissue	231:236	arg1	engineering					238:248	bone tissue engineering	226:248	bone tissue engineering	226:248	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24460696	6	71	from	absence	1245:1251	arg1	calvaria					1278:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	normal rat calvaria	1267:1285	Thus, the CaP biomaterial used here is not only osteoinductive, but vasculogenic, and it may have contributed to the bone regeneration, despite an absence of osteons in normal rat calvaria.
24460696	7	72	theme	bones	1467:1471	arg1	models					1445:1450	models	1445:1450	models of long, dense bones	1445:1471	Further investigation will involve how this strategy can regulate formation of vascularized cortical bone such as by control of degradation rate, and use of models of long, dense bones, to more closely approximate repair of human cortical bone.
24460696	2	73	theme	phosphate	381:389	arg1	biomaterials					397:408	osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials	358:408	osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models	358:425	Over the past decade, strategies to vascularize artificial scaffolds have been intensively evaluated using osteoinductive calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials in animal models.
24460696	1	74	theme	engineering	238:248	arg1	field					217:221	the field	213:221	the field of bone tissue engineering	213:248	Vascularization of an artificial graft represents one of the most significant challenges facing the field of bone tissue engineering.
24813679	3	0	theme	Fe3O4	651:655	arg1	property					639:646	the magnetic property	626:646	the magnetic property of Fe3O4	626:655	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	6	1	dep	kinetic	1151:1157	arg1	adsorption					1175:1184	adsorption	1175:1184	adsorption	1175:1184	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	3	2	theme	magnetic	815:822	arg1	attraction					824:833	magnetic attraction	815:833	magnetic attraction	815:833	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	4	3	theme	contact	907:913	arg1	time					915:918	120min contact time	900:918	120min contact time	900:918	The maximum absorption capacity was reached at initial pH 3 and 120min contact time.
24813679	3	4	theme	magnetic	630:637	arg1	property					639:646	the magnetic property	626:646	the magnetic property of Fe3O4	626:655	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	6	5	theme	pseudo-first	1209:1220	arg1	order					1222:1226	pseudo-first order	1209:1226	pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model	1209:1262	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	2	6	theme	full	319:322	arg1	characterization					324:339	the full characterization	315:339	the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM)	315:389	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	1	7	theme	Acid	247:250	arg1	removal					267:273	Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal	247:273	Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal	247:273	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	0	8	theme	promising	83:91	arg1	nano-adsorbent					93:106	a promising nano-adsorbent	81:106	a promising nano-adsorbent	81:106	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	3	9	theme	hydroxyl	577:584	arg1	chitosan					607:614	chitosan	607:614	chitosan	607:614	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	9	theme	hydroxyl	577:584	arg1	groups					597:602	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	groups	597:602	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	9	theme	hydroxyl	577:584	arg1	oxide					547:551	graphene oxide	538:551	graphene oxide	538:551	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	1	10	theme	Orange	252:257	arg1	removal					267:273	Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal	247:273	Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal	247:273	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	0	11	from	solution	38:45	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan	0:78	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	8	12	from	solution	1475:1482	arg1	removal					1434:1440	removal	1434:1440	removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution	1434:1482	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	0	13	dep	nano-adsorbent	93:106	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan	0:78	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	8	14	theme	azo	1453:1455	arg1	dyes					1457:1460	anionic azo dyes	1445:1460	anionic azo dyes	1445:1460	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	6	15	theme	adsorption	1078:1087	arg1	kinetics					1089:1096	The adsorption kinetics	1074:1096	The adsorption kinetics	1074:1096	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	5	16	theme	milieu	1027:1032	arg1	time					1068:1071	contact time	1060:1071	contact time	1060:1071	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	16	theme	milieu	1027:1032	arg1	milieu					1027:1032	milieu	1027:1032	milieu	1027:1032	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	16	theme	milieu	1027:1032	arg1	pH					1021:1022	pH	1021:1022	pH of milieu	1021:1032	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	16	theme	milieu	1027:1032	arg1	adsorbent					1045:1053	adsorbent	1045:1053	adsorbent	1045:1053	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	16	theme	milieu	1027:1032	arg1	amount					1035:1040	amount	1035:1040	amount of adsorbent	1035:1053	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	8	17	theme	dyes	1457:1460	arg1	removal					1434:1440	removal	1434:1440	removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution	1434:1482	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	2	18	theme	system	465:470	arg1	interactions/forces					428:446	many possible interactions/forces	414:446	many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system	414:470	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	1	19	theme	facile	182:187	arg1	route					198:202	a facile chemical route	180:202	a facile chemical route	180:202	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	5	20	theme	adsorbent	1045:1053	arg1	time					1068:1071	contact time	1060:1071	contact time	1060:1071	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	20	theme	adsorbent	1045:1053	arg1	milieu					1027:1032	milieu	1027:1032	milieu	1027:1032	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	20	theme	adsorbent	1045:1053	arg1	pH					1021:1022	pH	1021:1022	pH of milieu	1021:1032	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	20	theme	adsorbent	1045:1053	arg1	adsorbent					1045:1053	adsorbent	1045:1053	adsorbent	1045:1053	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	20	theme	adsorbent	1045:1053	arg1	amount					1035:1040	amount	1035:1040	amount of adsorbent	1035:1053	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	3	21	theme	good	690:693	arg1	capacity					720:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	8	22	theme	promising	1405:1413	arg1	MGCh					1395:1398	the MGCh	1391:1398	the MGCh	1391:1398	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	8	22	theme	promising	1405:1413	arg1	nano					1415:1418	a promising nano	1403:1418	a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution	1403:1482	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	1	23	theme	chemical	189:196	arg1	route					198:202	a facile chemical route	180:202	a facile chemical route	180:202	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	0	24	theme	Orange	16:21	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan	0:78	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	1	25	theme	AO7	262:264	arg1	removal					267:273	Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal	247:273	Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal	247:273	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	5	26	theme	batch	925:929	arg1	experiments					942:952	The batch adsorption experiments	921:952	The batch adsorption experiments	921:952	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	7	27	theme	adsorption	1283:1292	arg1	behavior					1294:1301	The adsorption behavior	1279:1301	The adsorption behavior	1279:1301	The adsorption behavior suggested that the adsorbent surface was homogeneous in nature.
24813679	0	28	theme	Acid	11:14	arg1	Orange					16:21	Acid Orange 7	11:23	Acid Orange 7	11:23	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	4	29	theme	absorption	848:857	arg1	capacity					859:866	The maximum absorption capacity	836:866	The maximum absorption capacity	836:866	The maximum absorption capacity was reached at initial pH 3 and 120min contact time.
24813679	3	30	theme	surface	518:524	arg1	property					526:533	the surface property	514:533	the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan,	514:615	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	4	31	theme	120min	900:905	arg1	time					915:918	120min contact time	900:918	120min contact time	900:918	The maximum absorption capacity was reached at initial pH 3 and 120min contact time.
24813679	2	32	theme	possible	419:426	arg1	interactions/forces					428:446	many possible interactions/forces	414:446	many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system	414:470	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	3	33	theme	chitosan	607:614	arg1	amino					567:571	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	amino	567:571	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	33	theme	chitosan	607:614	arg1	chitosan					607:614	chitosan	607:614	chitosan	607:614	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	33	theme	chitosan	607:614	arg1	groups					597:602	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	groups	597:602	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	33	theme	chitosan	607:614	arg1	oxide					547:551	graphene oxide	538:551	graphene oxide	538:551	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	7	34	theme	adsorbent	1322:1330	arg1	homogeneous					1344:1354	homogeneous	1344:1354	homogeneous	1344:1354	The adsorption behavior suggested that the adsorbent surface was homogeneous in nature.
24813679	7	34	theme	adsorbent	1322:1330	arg1	surface					1332:1338	the adsorbent surface	1318:1338	the adsorbent surface	1318:1338	The adsorption behavior suggested that the adsorbent surface was homogeneous in nature.
24813679	2	35	theme	many	414:417	arg1	interactions/forces					428:446	many possible interactions/forces	414:446	many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system	414:470	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	6	36	theme	model	1258:1262	arg1	order					1222:1226	pseudo-first order	1209:1226	pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model	1209:1262	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	3	37	theme	functional	586:595	arg1	chitosan					607:614	chitosan	607:614	chitosan	607:614	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	37	theme	functional	586:595	arg1	groups					597:602	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	groups	597:602	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	37	theme	functional	586:595	arg1	oxide					547:551	graphene oxide	538:551	graphene oxide	538:551	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	4	38	theme	initial	883:889	arg1	pH					891:892	initial pH 3	883:894	initial pH 3	883:894	The maximum absorption capacity was reached at initial pH 3 and 120min contact time.
24813679	6	39	theme	isotherm	1249:1256	arg1	model					1258:1262	Langmuir isotherm model	1240:1262	Langmuir isotherm model	1240:1262	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	3	40	theme	graphene	538:545	arg1	amino					567:571	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	amino	567:571	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	40	theme	graphene	538:545	arg1	chitosan					607:614	chitosan	607:614	chitosan	607:614	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	40	theme	graphene	538:545	arg1	oxide					547:551	graphene oxide	538:551	graphene oxide	538:551	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	40	theme	graphene	538:545	arg1	groups					597:602	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	groups	597:602	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	8	41	theme	aqueous	1467:1473	arg1	solution					1475:1482	aqueous solution	1467:1482	aqueous solution	1467:1482	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	1	42	theme	Magnetic	109:116	arg1	MGCh					137:140	MGCh	137:140	MGCh	137:140	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	1	42	theme	Magnetic	109:116	arg1	graphene/chitosan					118:134	Magnetic graphene/chitosan	109:134	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite	109:155	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	0	43	theme	aqueous	30:36	arg1	solution					38:45	aqueous solution	30:45	aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan	30:78	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	3	44	theme	versatile	699:707	arg1	capacity					720:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	6	45	theme	Langmuir	1240:1247	arg1	model					1258:1262	Langmuir isotherm model	1240:1262	Langmuir isotherm model	1240:1262	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	2	46	with	characterization	324:339	arg1	FTIR					366:369	FTIR	366:369	FTIR	366:369	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	46	with	characterization	324:339	arg1	techniques					354:363	various techniques	346:363	various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM)	346:389	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	46	with	characterization	324:339	arg1	VSM					377:379	VSM	377:379	VSM	377:379	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	46	with	characterization	324:339	arg1	SEM					386:388	SEM	386:388	SEM	386:388	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	46	with	characterization	324:339	arg1	XRD					372:374	XRD	372:374	XRD	372:374	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	3	47	theme	oxide	547:551	arg1	property					526:533	the surface property	514:533	the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan,	514:615	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	1	48	theme	graphene/chitosan	118:134	arg1	nanocomposite					143:155	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite	109:155	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite	109:155	Magnetic graphene/chitosan (MGCh) nanocomposite was fabricated through a facile chemical route and its application as a new adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) removal was also investigated.
24813679	3	49	theme	adsorption	709:718	arg1	capacity					720:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	4	50	theme	maximum	840:846	arg1	capacity					859:866	The maximum absorption capacity	836:866	The maximum absorption capacity	836:866	The maximum absorption capacity was reached at initial pH 3 and 120min contact time.
24813679	3	51	contain	possesses	672:680	arg2	capacity					720:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity	682:727	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	51	contain	possesses	672:680	arg1	adsorbent					662:670	adsorbent	662:670	adsorbent	662:670	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	7	52	from	homogeneous	1344:1354	arg1	nature					1359:1364	nature	1359:1364	nature	1359:1364	The adsorption behavior suggested that the adsorbent surface was homogeneous in nature.
24813679	6	53	theme	kinetic	1228:1234	arg1	order					1222:1226	pseudo-first order	1209:1226	pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model	1209:1262	The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated to indicate that the kinetic and equilibrium adsorption were well-described by pseudo-first order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.
24813679	8	54	theme	adsorbent	1420:1428	arg1	MGCh					1395:1398	the MGCh	1391:1398	the MGCh	1391:1398	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	8	54	theme	adsorbent	1420:1428	arg1	nano					1415:1418	a promising nano	1403:1418	a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution	1403:1482	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	2	55	dep	techniques	354:363	arg1	FTIR					366:369	FTIR	366:369	FTIR	366:369	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	55	dep	techniques	354:363	arg1	techniques					354:363	various techniques	346:363	various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM)	346:389	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	55	dep	techniques	354:363	arg1	VSM					377:379	VSM	377:379	VSM	377:379	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	55	dep	techniques	354:363	arg1	SEM					386:388	SEM	386:388	SEM	386:388	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	55	dep	techniques	354:363	arg1	XRD					372:374	XRD	372:374	XRD	372:374	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	0	56	theme	magnetic	53:60	arg1	graphene/chitosan					62:78	magnetic graphene/chitosan	53:78	magnetic graphene/chitosan	53:78	Removal of Acid Orange 7 from aqueous solution using magnetic graphene/chitosan: a promising nano-adsorbent.
24813679	5	57	theme	AO7	988:990	arg1	adsorption					970:979	the adsorption	966:979	the adsorption of the AO7	966:990	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	5	57	theme	AO7	988:990	arg1	dependent					1008:1016	dependent	1008:1016	dependent	1008:1016	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	3	58	theme	abundant	558:565	arg1	amino					567:571	the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups	554:602	amino	567:571	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	3	58	theme	abundant	558:565	arg1	oxide					547:551	graphene oxide	538:551	graphene oxide	538:551	The results showed that, benefiting from the surface property of graphene oxide, the abundant amino and hydroxyl functional groups of chitosan, and from the magnetic property of Fe3O4, the adsorbent possesses quite a good and versatile adsorption capacity to the dye under investigation, and can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic attraction.
24813679	2	59	theme	various	346:352	arg1	FTIR					366:369	FTIR	366:369	FTIR	366:369	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	59	theme	various	346:352	arg1	techniques					354:363	various techniques	346:363	various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM)	346:389	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	59	theme	various	346:352	arg1	VSM					377:379	VSM	377:379	VSM	377:379	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	59	theme	various	346:352	arg1	SEM					386:388	SEM	386:388	SEM	386:388	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	2	59	theme	various	346:352	arg1	XRD					372:374	XRD	372:374	XRD	372:374	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	7	60	from	nature	1359:1364	arg1	homogeneous					1344:1354	homogeneous	1344:1354	homogeneous	1344:1354	The adsorption behavior suggested that the adsorbent surface was homogeneous in nature.
24813679	7	60	from	nature	1359:1364	arg1	surface					1332:1338	the adsorbent surface	1318:1338	the adsorbent surface	1318:1338	The adsorption behavior suggested that the adsorbent surface was homogeneous in nature.
24813679	2	61	theme	dye-composite	451:463	arg1	system					465:470	dye-composite system	451:470	dye-composite system	451:470	After synthesis, the full characterization with various techniques (FTIR, XRD, VSM, and SEM) was achieved revealing many possible interactions/forces of dye-composite system.
24813679	5	62	theme	adsorption	931:940	arg1	experiments					942:952	The batch adsorption experiments	921:952	The batch adsorption experiments	921:952	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
24813679	8	63	theme	anionic	1445:1451	arg1	dyes					1457:1460	anionic azo dyes	1445:1460	anionic azo dyes	1445:1460	The study suggests that the MGCh is a promising nano adsorbent for removal of anionic azo dyes from aqueous solution.
24813679	5	64	theme	contact	1060:1066	arg1	time					1068:1071	contact time	1060:1071	contact time	1060:1071	The batch adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption of the AO7 is considerably dependent on pH of milieu, amount of adsorbent, and contact time.
27133054	2	0	theme	drug	436:439	arg1	molecule					441:448	model drug molecule	430:448	model drug molecule	430:448	The 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) was chosen as model drug molecule.
27133054	2	0	theme	drug	436:439	arg1	Fluorouracil					396:407	The 5- Fluorouracil	389:407	The 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU)	389:414	The 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) was chosen as model drug molecule.
27133054	5	1	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD	1097:1106	arg1	nanoparticles					1147:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	0	2	theme	5-Fluorouracil	162:175	arg1	drug					177:180	releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug	152:180	releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug	152:180	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	5	3	theme	loading	1017:1023	arg1	LC					1035:1036	LC	1035:1036	LC	1035:1036	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	3	theme	loading	1017:1023	arg1	capacity					1025:1032	loading capacity	1017:1032	loading capacity (LC)	1017:1037	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	4	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	1109:1122	arg1	nanoparticles					1147:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	2	5	theme	model	430:434	arg1	molecule					441:448	model drug molecule	430:448	model drug molecule	430:448	The 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) was chosen as model drug molecule.
27133054	2	5	theme	model	430:434	arg1	Fluorouracil					396:407	The 5- Fluorouracil	389:407	The 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU)	389:414	The 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) was chosen as model drug molecule.
27133054	3	6	theme	electron	631:638	arg1	SEM					652:654	SEM	652:654	SEM	652:654	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	6	theme	electron	631:638	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	6	theme	electron	631:638	arg1	microscopy					640:649	Scanning electron microscopy	622:649	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	622:655	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	6	theme	electron	631:638	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	0	7	theme	releasing	152:160	arg1	drug					177:180	releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug	152:180	releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug	152:180	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	1	8	theme	drug	361:364	arg1	applications					375:386	drug delivery applications	361:386	drug delivery applications	361:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	5	9	dep	efficiency	1000:1009	arg1	nanoparticles					1147:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	4	10	theme	potential	882:890	arg1	value					892:896	zeta potential value	877:896	zeta potential value of nanoparticles	877:913	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	5	11	theme	drug	1052:1055	arg1	performance					1065:1075	in-vitro drug release performance	1043:1075	in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug	1043:1088	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	4	12	dep	-20mV	934:938	arg1	-43mV					925:929	-43mV	925:929	-43mV	925:929	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	5	13	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	1128:1145	arg1	nanoparticles					1147:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	4	14	theme	zeta	877:880	arg1	value					892:896	zeta potential value	877:896	zeta potential value of nanoparticles	877:913	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	3	15	theme	transmission	658:669	arg1	TEM					692:694	TEM	692:694	TEM	692:694	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	15	theme	transmission	658:669	arg1	microscopy					680:689	transmission electron microscopy	658:689	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	658:695	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	15	theme	transmission	658:669	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	15	theme	transmission	658:669	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	7	16	theme	5-FU	1403:1406	arg1	behavior					1391:1398	The in-vitro release behavior	1370:1398	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature	1370:1498	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	7	17	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	1432:1449	arg1	composite					1451:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite	1425:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values	1425:1482	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	9	18	theme	promising	1709:1717	arg1	capability					1729:1738	a promising potential capability	1707:1738	a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery	1707:1767	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	3	19	theme	electron	671:678	arg1	TEM					692:694	TEM	692:694	TEM	692:694	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	19	theme	electron	671:678	arg1	microscopy					680:689	transmission electron microscopy	658:689	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	658:695	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	19	theme	electron	671:678	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	19	theme	electron	671:678	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	6	20	theme	cytotoxicity	1208:1219	arg1	tests					1221:1225	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests	1199:1225	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay	1199:1251	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	7	21	theme	release	1383:1389	arg1	behavior					1391:1398	The in-vitro release behavior	1370:1398	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature	1370:1498	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	7	22	dep	drug	1413:1416	arg1	composite					1451:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite	1425:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values	1425:1482	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	9	23	theme	potential	1719:1727	arg1	capability					1729:1738	a promising potential capability	1707:1738	a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery	1707:1767	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	6	24	theme	In-vitro	1199:1206	arg1	tests					1221:1225	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests	1199:1225	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay	1199:1251	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	7	25	from	drug	1413:1416	arg1	behavior					1391:1398	The in-vitro release behavior	1370:1398	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature	1370:1498	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	3	26	dep	Fourier	549:555	arg1	transform					557:565	transform	557:565	transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	557:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	6	27	theme	MTT	1243:1245	arg1	assay					1247:1251	MTT assay	1243:1251	MTT assay	1243:1251	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	5	28	theme	5-FU	1080:1083	arg1	drug					1085:1088	5-FU drug	1080:1088	5-FU drug	1080:1088	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	29	theme	in-vitro	1043:1050	arg1	performance					1065:1075	in-vitro drug release performance	1043:1075	in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug	1043:1088	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	30	theme	drug	1085:1088	arg1	EE					1012:1013	EE	1012:1013	EE	1012:1013	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	30	theme	drug	1085:1088	arg1	efficiency					1000:1009	encapsulation efficiency	986:1009	encapsulation efficiency (EE)	986:1014	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	30	theme	drug	1085:1088	arg1	capacity					1025:1032	loading capacity	1017:1032	loading capacity (LC)	1017:1037	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	30	theme	drug	1085:1088	arg1	LC					1035:1036	LC	1035:1036	LC	1035:1036	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	30	theme	drug	1085:1088	arg1	performance					1065:1075	in-vitro drug release performance	1043:1075	in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug	1043:1088	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	4	31	theme	5-FU	774:777	arg1	particles					750:758	The average particles	738:758	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	738:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	31	theme	5-FU	774:777	arg1	range					765:769	size range	760:769	size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD	760:795	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	31	theme	5-FU	774:777	arg1	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG					798:811	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	798:811	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	798:811	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	31	theme	5-FU	774:777	arg1	nanoparticles					836:848	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	817:848	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	817:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	7	32	theme	pH	1474:1475	arg1	values					1477:1482	different pH values	1464:1482	different pH values	1464:1482	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	3	33	dep	infrared	567:574	arg1	FTIR					577:580	FTIR	577:580	FTIR	577:580	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	9	34	theme	anticancer	1744:1753	arg1	delivery					1760:1767	anticancer drug delivery	1744:1767	anticancer drug delivery	1744:1767	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	5	35	theme	loaded	1090:1095	arg1	nanoparticles					1147:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1090:1159	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	7	36	from	values	1477:1482	arg1	composite					1451:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite	1425:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values	1425:1482	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	7	37	theme	in-vitro	1374:1381	arg1	behavior					1391:1398	The in-vitro release behavior	1370:1398	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature	1370:1498	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	1	38	theme	polyethyleneimine	248:264	arg1	polyethyleneglycol					221:238	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	polyethyleneglycol	221:238	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	38	theme	polyethyleneimine	248:264	arg1	β-cyclodextrin					197:210	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	β-cyclodextrin	197:210	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	38	theme	polyethyleneimine	248:264	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	nanoparticles	290:302	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	38	theme	polyethyleneimine	248:264	arg1	PEI					267:269	PEI	267:269	PEI	267:269	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	38	theme	polyethyleneimine	248:264	arg1	carriers					348:355	drug carriers	343:355	drug carriers for drug delivery applications	343:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	39	theme	drug	343:346	arg1	polyethyleneglycol					221:238	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	polyethyleneglycol	221:238	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	39	theme	drug	343:346	arg1	β-cyclodextrin					197:210	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	β-cyclodextrin	197:210	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	39	theme	drug	343:346	arg1	carriers					348:355	drug carriers	343:355	drug carriers for drug delivery applications	343:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	39	theme	drug	343:346	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	nanoparticles	290:302	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	3	40	theme	various	522:528	arg1	diffraction					603:613	X-ray diffraction	597:613	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	597:619	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	40	theme	various	522:528	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	40	theme	various	522:528	arg1	microscopy					640:649	Scanning electron microscopy	622:649	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	622:655	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	40	theme	various	522:528	arg1	magnetometry					718:729	vibrating sample magnetometry	701:729	vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM)	701:735	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	40	theme	various	522:528	arg1	microscopy					680:689	transmission electron microscopy	658:689	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	658:695	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	40	theme	various	522:528	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	4	41	dep	particles	750:758	arg1	particles					750:758	The average particles	738:758	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	738:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	41	dep	particles	750:758	arg1	range					765:769	size range	760:769	size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD	760:795	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	41	dep	particles	750:758	arg1	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG					798:811	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	798:811	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	798:811	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	41	dep	particles	750:758	arg1	nanoparticles					836:848	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	817:848	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	817:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	8	42	theme	released	1611:1618	arg1	higher					1633:1638	higher	1633:1638	higher	1633:1638	It was found that 5-FU was released faster in pH 6.8 than in the acidic mediums (pH 1.2), and the released quantity was higher.
27133054	8	42	theme	released	1611:1618	arg1	quantity					1620:1627	the released quantity	1607:1627	the released quantity	1607:1627	It was found that 5-FU was released faster in pH 6.8 than in the acidic mediums (pH 1.2), and the released quantity was higher.
27133054	0	43	theme	Fe3O4	116:120	arg1	nanoparticles					122:134	Fe3O4 nanoparticles	116:134	Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug	116:180	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	4	44	theme	average	742:748	arg1	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG					798:811	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	798:811	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG	798:811	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	44	theme	average	742:748	arg1	range					765:769	size range	760:769	size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD	760:795	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	44	theme	average	742:748	arg1	particles					750:758	The average particles	738:758	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	738:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	0	45	theme	β-cyclodextrin	34:47	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	0	45	theme	β-cyclodextrin	34:47	arg1	Formation					0:8	Formation	0:8	Formation	0:8	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	3	46	theme	sample	711:716	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	46	theme	sample	711:716	arg1	VSM					732:734	VSM	732:734	VSM	732:734	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	46	theme	sample	711:716	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	46	theme	sample	711:716	arg1	magnetometry					718:729	vibrating sample magnetometry	701:729	vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM)	701:735	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	6	47	theme	loaded	1272:1277	arg1	nanoparticles					1298:1310	5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1267:1310	5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1267:1310	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	6	48	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	1279:1296	arg1	nanoparticles					1298:1310	5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1267:1310	5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1267:1310	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	3	49	theme	infrared	567:574	arg1	spectroscopy					583:594	infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	567:594	infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	567:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	50	theme	vibrating	701:709	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	50	theme	vibrating	701:709	arg1	VSM					732:734	VSM	732:734	VSM	732:734	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	50	theme	vibrating	701:709	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	50	theme	vibrating	701:709	arg1	magnetometry					718:729	vibrating sample magnetometry	701:729	vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM)	701:735	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	9	51	theme	tumor	1772:1776	arg1	therapy					1778:1784	tumor therapy	1772:1784	tumor therapy	1772:1784	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	5	52	theme	release	1057:1063	arg1	performance					1065:1075	in-vitro drug release performance	1043:1075	in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug	1043:1088	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	6	53	theme	5-FU	1267:1270	arg1	nanoparticles					1298:1310	5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1267:1310	5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	1267:1310	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	3	54	theme	X-ray	597:601	arg1	diffraction					603:613	X-ray diffraction	597:613	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	597:619	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	54	theme	X-ray	597:601	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	54	theme	X-ray	597:601	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	54	theme	X-ray	597:601	arg1	XRD					616:618	XRD	616:618	XRD	616:618	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	4	55	theme	size	760:763	arg1	range					765:769	size range	760:769	size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD	760:795	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	4	55	theme	size	760:763	arg1	particles					750:758	The average particles	738:758	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	738:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	7	56	theme	loaded	1425:1430	arg1	composite					1451:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite	1425:1459	loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values	1425:1482	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	1	57	theme	coated	272:277	arg1	polyethyleneglycol					221:238	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	polyethyleneglycol	221:238	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	57	theme	coated	272:277	arg1	β-cyclodextrin					197:210	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	β-cyclodextrin	197:210	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	57	theme	coated	272:277	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	nanoparticles	290:302	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	57	theme	coated	272:277	arg1	PEI					267:269	PEI	267:269	PEI	267:269	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	57	theme	coated	272:277	arg1	carriers					348:355	drug carriers	343:355	drug carriers for drug delivery applications	343:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	4	58	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	817:834	arg1	nanoparticles					836:848	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	817:848	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles	817:848	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	1	59	theme	delivery	366:373	arg1	applications					375:386	drug delivery applications	361:386	drug delivery applications	361:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	0	60	dep	β-cyclodextrin	34:47	arg1	PEI					104:106	PEI	104:106	PEI	104:106	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	0	60	dep	β-cyclodextrin	34:47	arg1	PEG					78:80	PEG	78:80	PEG	78:80	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	0	60	dep	β-cyclodextrin	34:47	arg1	polyethyleneimine					85:101	polyethyleneimine	85:101	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI)	34:107	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	0	60	dep	β-cyclodextrin	34:47	arg1	polyethyleneglycol					58:75	polyethyleneglycol	58:75	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI)	34:107	Formation and characterization of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles for loading and releasing 5-Fluorouracil drug.
27133054	3	61	theme	developed	455:463	arg1	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI					480:497	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	480:497	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	480:497	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	61	theme	developed	455:463	arg1	nanoparticles					465:477	The developed nanoparticles	451:477	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI)	451:498	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	9	62	theme	drug	1755:1758	arg1	delivery					1760:1767	anticancer drug delivery	1744:1767	anticancer drug delivery	1744:1767	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	1	63	theme	iron	279:282	arg1	polyethyleneglycol					221:238	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	polyethyleneglycol	221:238	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	63	theme	iron	279:282	arg1	β-cyclodextrin					197:210	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	β-cyclodextrin	197:210	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	63	theme	iron	279:282	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	nanoparticles	290:302	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	63	theme	iron	279:282	arg1	PEI					267:269	PEI	267:269	PEI	267:269	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	63	theme	iron	279:282	arg1	carriers					348:355	drug carriers	343:355	drug carriers for drug delivery applications	343:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	3	64	theme	Scanning	622:629	arg1	SEM					652:654	SEM	652:654	SEM	652:654	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	64	theme	Scanning	622:629	arg1	techniques					530:539	various techniques	522:539	various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	522:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	64	theme	Scanning	622:629	arg1	microscopy					640:649	Scanning electron microscopy	622:649	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	622:655	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	3	64	theme	Scanning	622:629	arg1	Fourier					549:555	Fourier	549:555	Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy	549:594	The developed nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were characterized by various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).
27133054	9	65	theme	Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI	1671:1688	arg1	carrier					1690:1696	the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier	1652:1696	the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier	1652:1696	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	5	66	theme	encapsulation	986:998	arg1	EE					1012:1013	EE	1012:1013	EE	1012:1013	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	5	66	theme	encapsulation	986:998	arg1	efficiency					1000:1009	encapsulation efficiency	986:1009	encapsulation efficiency (EE)	986:1014	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	6	67	theme	cancer	1326:1331	arg1	cells					1333:1337	cancer cells	1326:1337	cancer cells	1326:1337	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	6	68	theme	normal	1356:1361	arg1	cells					1363:1367	normal cells	1356:1367	normal cells	1356:1367	In-vitro cytotoxicity tests investigated by MTT assay indicate that 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were toxic to cancer cells and non-toxic to normal cells.
27133054	7	69	theme	different	1464:1472	arg1	values					1477:1482	different pH values	1464:1482	different pH values	1464:1482	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	9	70	theme	prepared	1662:1669	arg1	carrier					1690:1696	the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier	1652:1696	the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier	1652:1696	Therefore, the newly prepared Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI carrier exhibits a promising potential capability for anticancer drug delivery in tumor therapy.
27133054	4	71	theme	nanoparticles	901:913	arg1	value					892:896	zeta potential value	877:896	zeta potential value of nanoparticles	877:913	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
27133054	1	72	theme	oxide	284:288	arg1	polyethyleneglycol					221:238	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	polyethyleneglycol	221:238	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	72	theme	oxide	284:288	arg1	β-cyclodextrin					197:210	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	β-cyclodextrin	197:210	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	72	theme	oxide	284:288	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles	197:302	nanoparticles	290:302	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	72	theme	oxide	284:288	arg1	PEI					267:269	PEI	267:269	PEI	267:269	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	1	72	theme	oxide	284:288	arg1	carriers					348:355	drug carriers	343:355	drug carriers for drug delivery applications	343:386	In this work, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) - polyethyleneglycol (PEG) - polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI) were developed as drug carriers for drug delivery applications.
27133054	5	73	theme	UV-vis	1178:1183	arg1	spectroscopy					1185:1196	UV-vis spectroscopy	1178:1196	UV-vis spectroscopy	1178:1196	Finally, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading capacity (LC) and in-vitro drug release performance of 5-FU drug loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy.
27133054	7	74	from	temperature	1488:1498	arg1	behavior					1391:1398	The in-vitro release behavior	1370:1398	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature	1370:1498	The in-vitro release behavior of 5-FU from drug (5-FU) loaded Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI composite at different pH values and temperature was studied.
27133054	8	75	theme	acidic	1578:1583	arg1	pH					1594:1595	pH 1.2	1594:1599	pH 1.2	1594:1599	It was found that 5-FU was released faster in pH 6.8 than in the acidic mediums (pH 1.2), and the released quantity was higher.
27133054	8	75	theme	acidic	1578:1583	arg1	mediums					1585:1591	the acidic mediums	1574:1591	the acidic mediums (pH 1.2)	1574:1600	It was found that 5-FU was released faster in pH 6.8 than in the acidic mediums (pH 1.2), and the released quantity was higher.
27133054	4	76	dep	300nm	867:871	arg1	to					864:865	to	864:865	to	864:865	The average particles size range of 5-FU loaded Fe3O4-β-CD, Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG and Fe3O4-β-CD-PEG-PEI nanoparticles were from 151 to 300nm and zeta potential value of nanoparticles were from -43mV to -20mV as measured using Malvern Zetasizer.
25524207	2	0	theme	spatial	521:527	arg1	proximity					529:537	spatial proximity	521:537	spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A	521:571	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	3	1	theme	upper	734:738	arg1	region					746:751	upper hinge region	734:751	upper hinge region	734:751	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	1	theme	upper	734:738	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	2	2	theme	anti-FIXa/FX	398:409	arg1	ACE910					437:442	ACE910	437:442	ACE910	437:442	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	2	2	theme	anti-FIXa/FX	398:409	arg1	antibody					427:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	6	3	theme	portion	1459:1465	arg1	structure					1467:1475	the Fc portion structure	1452:1475	the Fc portion structure	1452:1475	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	5	4	from	Cys131	1092:1097	arg1	chain					1112:1116	the heavy chain	1102:1116	the heavy chain	1102:1116	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	5	theme	disulfide	717:725	arg1	glycan					781:786	Fc glycan	778:786	Fc glycan	778:786	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	5	theme	disulfide	717:725	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	5	theme	disulfide	717:725	arg1	region					746:751	upper hinge region	734:751	upper hinge region	734:751	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	5	theme	disulfide	717:725	arg1	region					766:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	7	6	theme	identical	1806:1814	arg1	antigens					1829:1836	two identical or different antigens	1802:1836	two identical or different antigens on the same cell	1802:1853	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	2	7	theme	asymmetric	387:396	arg1	ACE910					437:442	ACE910	437:442	ACE910	437:442	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	2	7	theme	asymmetric	387:396	arg1	antibody					427:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	6	8	theme	Fc	1456:1457	arg1	portion					1459:1465	the Fc portion	1452:1465	the Fc portion structure	1452:1475	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	5	9	theme	hinge	1205:1209	arg1	region					1211:1216	the hinge region	1201:1216	the hinge region	1201:1216	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	0	10	theme	VIII-mimetic	113:124	arg1	activity					126:133	factor VIII-mimetic activity	106:133	factor VIII-mimetic activity	106:133	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	11	theme	proline	1284:1290	arg1	mutations					1292:1300	proline mutations	1284:1300	proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan	1284:1355	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	7	12	from	antigens	1829:1836	arg1	cell					1850:1853	the same cell	1841:1853	the same cell	1841:1853	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	7	13	theme	spatial	1724:1730	arg1	proximity					1732:1740	spatial proximity	1724:1740	spatial proximity	1724:1740	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	7	14	theme	non-antigen-contacting	1554:1575	arg1	regions					1577:1583	these non-antigen-contacting regions	1548:1583	these non-antigen-contacting regions	1548:1583	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	0	15	theme	factor	106:111	arg1	activity					126:133	factor VIII-mimetic activity	106:133	factor VIII-mimetic activity	106:133	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	16	theme	structure	1467:1475	arg1	flexibility					1410:1420	flexibility	1410:1420	flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure	1410:1475	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	17	theme	glycan	1350:1355	arg1	removal					1332:1338	removal	1332:1338	removal of the Fc glycan	1332:1355	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	17	theme	glycan	1350:1355	arg1	region					1321:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	18	theme	elbow	754:758	arg1	region					766:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	18	theme	elbow	754:758	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	6	19	theme	hinge	1315:1319	arg1	region					1321:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	7	20	theme	antibodies	1645:1654	arg1	activity					1629:1636	the biological activity	1614:1636	the biological activity of IgG antibodies	1614:1654	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	7	21	theme	retargeting	1743:1753	arg1	cells					1764:1768	retargeting effector cells	1743:1768	retargeting effector cells	1743:1768	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	1	22	theme	antibodies	202:211	arg1	properties					176:185	the properties	172:185	the properties of therapeutic antibodies	172:211	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	4	23	theme	disulfide	970:978	arg1	bonds					980:984	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	954:984	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	954:984	Of these non-antigen-contacting regions, the tertiary structure determined by the inter-chain disulfide bonds was found to strongly affect the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	24	theme	hinge	740:744	arg1	region					746:751	upper hinge region	734:751	upper hinge region	734:751	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	24	theme	hinge	740:744	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	5	25	theme	light	1136:1140	arg1	chain					1142:1146	the light chain	1132:1146	the light chain	1132:1146	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	0	26	theme	Non-antigen-contacting	0:21	arg1	region					23:28	Non-antigen-contacting region	0:28	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X	0:82	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	27	theme	Fc	778:779	arg1	glycan					781:786	Fc glycan	778:786	Fc glycan	778:786	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	27	theme	Fc	778:779	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	5	28	theme	heavy	1106:1110	arg1	chain					1112:1116	the heavy chain	1102:1116	the heavy chain	1102:1116	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	29	theme	FVIII-mimetic	1370:1382	arg1	activity					1384:1391	the FVIII-mimetic activity	1366:1391	the FVIII-mimetic activity	1366:1391	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	4	30	theme	inter-chain	958:968	arg1	bonds					980:984	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	954:984	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	954:984	Of these non-antigen-contacting regions, the tertiary structure determined by the inter-chain disulfide bonds was found to strongly affect the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	31	with	contact	849:855	arg1	antigens					866:873	the antigens	862:873	the antigens	862:873	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	2	32	theme	FVIII	483:487	arg1	function					471:478	the cofactor function	458:478	the cofactor function of FVIII	458:487	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	7	33	theme	effector	1755:1762	arg1	cells					1764:1768	retargeting effector cells	1743:1768	retargeting effector cells	1743:1768	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	6	34	theme	hinge	1435:1439	arg1	region					1441:1446	the upper hinge region	1425:1446	the upper hinge region	1425:1446	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	1	35	theme	effector	308:315	arg1	functions					317:325	effector functions	308:325	effector functions	308:325	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	5	36	from	region	1211:1216	arg1	chains					1191:1196	the two heavy chains	1177:1196	the two heavy chains at the hinge region	1177:1216	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	37	theme	optimization	585:596	arg1	process					598:604	the optimization process	581:604	the optimization process	581:604	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	7	38	theme	same	1845:1848	arg1	cell					1850:1853	the same cell	1841:1853	the same cell	1841:1853	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	2	39	theme	cofactor	462:469	arg1	function					471:478	the cofactor function	458:478	the cofactor function of FVIII	458:487	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	5	40	from	Cys114	1122:1127	arg1	chain					1142:1146	the light chain	1132:1146	the light chain	1132:1146	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	41	theme	hinge	760:764	arg1	region					766:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	41	theme	hinge	760:764	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	4	42	theme	tertiary	921:928	arg1	structure					930:938	the tertiary structure	917:938	the tertiary structure determined by the inter-chain disulfide bonds	917:984	Of these non-antigen-contacting regions, the tertiary structure determined by the inter-chain disulfide bonds was found to strongly affect the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	1	43	theme	therapeutic	190:200	arg1	antibodies					202:211	therapeutic antibodies	190:211	therapeutic antibodies	190:211	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	0	44	theme	bispecific	47:56	arg1	antibody					58:65	an asymmetric bispecific antibody	33:65	an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X	33:82	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	7	45	theme	similar	1671:1677	arg1	functions					1661:1669	functions	1661:1669	functions similar to ACE910	1661:1687	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	6	46	theme	FVIII-mimetic	1499:1511	arg1	activity					1513:1520	the FVIII-mimetic activity	1495:1520	the FVIII-mimetic activity	1495:1520	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	0	47	theme	asymmetric	36:45	arg1	antibody					58:65	an asymmetric bispecific antibody	33:65	an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X	33:82	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	4	48	theme	FVIII-mimetic	1019:1031	arg1	activity					1033:1040	the FVIII-mimetic activity	1015:1040	the FVIII-mimetic activity	1015:1040	Of these non-antigen-contacting regions, the tertiary structure determined by the inter-chain disulfide bonds was found to strongly affect the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	2	49	theme	A	571:571	arg1	treatment					547:555	the treatment	543:555	the treatment of hemophilia A	543:571	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	3	50	theme	IgG	664:666	arg1	subclass					668:675	IgG subclass	664:675	IgG subclass	664:675	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	6	51	theme	Fc	1347:1348	arg1	glycan					1350:1355	the Fc glycan	1343:1355	the Fc glycan	1343:1355	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	2	52	theme	hemophilia	560:569	arg1	A					571:571	hemophilia A	560:571	hemophilia A	560:571	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	5	53	theme	heavy	1185:1189	arg1	chains					1191:1196	the two heavy chains	1177:1196	the two heavy chains at the hinge region	1177:1216	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	54	theme	region	1441:1446	arg1	flexibility					1410:1420	flexibility	1410:1420	flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure	1410:1475	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	0	55	theme	antibody	58:65	arg1	region					23:28	Non-antigen-contacting region	0:28	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X	0:82	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	1	56	theme	antibodies	351:360	arg1	functions					317:325	effector functions	308:325	effector functions	308:325	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	1	56	theme	antibodies	351:360	arg1	pharmacokinetics					331:346	pharmacokinetics	331:346	pharmacokinetics	331:346	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	4	57	theme	non-antigen-contacting	885:906	arg1	regions					908:914	these non-antigen-contacting regions	879:914	these non-antigen-contacting regions	879:914	Of these non-antigen-contacting regions, the tertiary structure determined by the inter-chain disulfide bonds was found to strongly affect the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	5	58	theme	disulfide	1068:1076	arg1	bonds					1078:1082	IgG4-like disulfide bonds	1058:1082	IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain	1058:1146	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	5	59	theme	IgG4-like	1058:1066	arg1	bonds					1078:1082	IgG4-like disulfide bonds	1058:1082	IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain	1058:1146	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	5	60	theme	disulfide	1153:1161	arg1	bonds					1163:1167	disulfide bonds	1153:1167	disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region	1153:1216	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	1	61	theme	antibody	142:149	arg1	engineering					151:161	antibody engineering	142:161	antibody engineering	142:161	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	6	62	theme	upper	1309:1313	arg1	region					1321:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	3	63	theme	inter-chain	705:715	arg1	glycan					781:786	Fc glycan	778:786	Fc glycan	778:786	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	63	theme	inter-chain	705:715	arg1	bonds					727:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	the inter-chain disulfide bonds	701:731	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	63	theme	inter-chain	705:715	arg1	region					746:751	upper hinge region	734:751	upper hinge region	734:751	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	3	63	theme	inter-chain	705:715	arg1	region					766:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	elbow hinge region	754:771	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	1	64	theme	contact	250:256	arg1	antigens					258:265	contact antigens	250:265	contact antigens	250:265	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	7	65	theme	biological	1618:1627	arg1	activity					1629:1636	the biological activity	1614:1636	the biological activity of IgG antibodies	1614:1654	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	7	66	theme	IgG	1641:1643	arg1	antibodies					1645:1654	IgG antibodies	1641:1654	IgG antibodies	1641:1654	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	3	67	theme	direct	842:847	arg1	contact					849:855	direct contact	842:855	direct contact with the antigens	842:873	During the optimization process, we found that the activity was significantly affected by IgG subclass and by modifications to the inter-chain disulfide bonds, upper hinge region, elbow hinge region, and Fc glycan, even though these regions were unlikely to come into direct contact with the antigens.
25524207	1	68	theme	regions	230:236	arg1	optimization					214:225	optimization	214:225	optimization of regions that do not contact antigens	214:265	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	2	69	theme	IgG4	422:425	arg1	ACE910					437:442	ACE910	437:442	ACE910	437:442	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	2	69	theme	IgG4	422:425	arg1	antibody					427:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	6	70	from	mutations	1292:1300	arg1	removal					1332:1338	removal	1332:1338	removal of the Fc glycan	1332:1355	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	6	70	from	mutations	1292:1300	arg1	region					1321:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	the upper hinge region	1305:1326	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	0	71	theme	factors	70:76	arg1	IXa/X					78:82	factors IXa/X	70:82	factors IXa/X	70:82	Non-antigen-contacting region of an asymmetric bispecific antibody to factors IXa/X significantly affects factor VIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	1	72	dep	functions	317:325	arg1	the					304:306	the	304:306	the	304:306	While antibody engineering improves the properties of therapeutic antibodies, optimization of regions that do not contact antigens has been mainly focused on modifying the effector functions and pharmacokinetics of antibodies.
25524207	6	73	theme	upper	1429:1433	arg1	region					1441:1446	the upper hinge region	1425:1446	the upper hinge region	1425:1446	Moreover, proline mutations in the upper hinge region and removal of the Fc glycan enhanced the FVIII-mimetic activity, suggesting that flexibility of the upper hinge region and the Fc portion structure are important for the FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	7	74	theme	different	1819:1827	arg1	antigens					1829:1836	two identical or different antigens	1802:1836	two identical or different antigens on the same cell	1802:1853	This study suggests that these non-antigen-contacting regions can be engineered to improve the biological activity of IgG antibodies with functions similar to ACE910, such as placing two antigens into spatial proximity, retargeting effector cells to target cells, or co-ligating two identical or different antigens on the same cell.
25524207	2	75	theme	bispecific	411:420	arg1	ACE910					437:442	ACE910	437:442	ACE910	437:442	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	2	75	theme	bispecific	411:420	arg1	antibody					427:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody	384:434	We recently reported an asymmetric anti-FIXa/FX bispecific IgG4 antibody, ACE910, which mimics the cofactor function of FVIII by placing the two factors into spatial proximity for the treatment of hemophilia A.
25524207	5	76	theme	FVIII-mimetic	1250:1262	arg1	activity					1264:1271	the high FVIII-mimetic activity	1241:1271	the high FVIII-mimetic activity	1241:1271	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
25524207	5	77	theme	high	1245:1248	arg1	activity					1264:1271	the high FVIII-mimetic activity	1241:1271	the high FVIII-mimetic activity	1241:1271	Interestingly, IgG4-like disulfide bonds between Cys131 in the heavy chain and Cys114 in the light chain, and disulfide bonds between the two heavy chains at the hinge region were indispensable for the high FVIII-mimetic activity.
27614195	1	0	theme	cellulose	137:145	arg1	CCN-Fe3O4					170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	0	theme	cellulose	137:145	arg1	composite					159:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite	107:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4)	107:179	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	0	theme	cellulose	137:145	arg1	adsorbent					200:208	adsorbent	200:208	adsorbent	200:208	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	0	1	theme	Pb	77:78	arg1	removal					66:72	the removal	62:72	the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution	62:104	Magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	5	2	theme	equilibrium	724:734	arg1	data					736:739	The equilibrium data	720:739	The equilibrium data	720:739	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	5	3	dep	better	776:781	arg1	than					783:786	than	783:786	than	783:786	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	3	4	from	effects	499:505	arg1	capacity					574:581	adsorption capacity	563:581	adsorption capacity	563:581	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	2	5	theme	electron	314:321	arg1	microscopy					323:332	transmission electron microscopy	301:332	transmission electron microscopy	301:332	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	1	6	theme	Pb	232:233	arg1	adsorption					218:227	the adsorption	214:227	the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution	214:259	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	6	7	from	spontaneous	972:982	arg1	nature					1003:1008	nature	1003:1008	nature	1003:1008	Thermodynamics studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4 was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
27614195	3	8	theme	dose	534:537	arg1	effects					499:505	the effects	495:505	the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity	495:581	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	4	9	from	298.2K	712:717	arg1	63.78mgg-1					698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	4	9	from	298.2K	712:717	arg1	capacity					675:682	the maximum adsorption capacity	652:682	the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II)	652:692	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	4	10	theme	adsorption	664:673	arg1	63.78mgg-1					698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	4	10	theme	adsorption	664:673	arg1	capacity					675:682	the maximum adsorption capacity	652:682	the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II)	652:692	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	4	11	theme	Pb	687:688	arg1	63.78mgg-1					698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	4	11	theme	Pb	687:688	arg1	capacity					675:682	the maximum adsorption capacity	652:682	the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II)	652:692	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	0	12	theme	aqueous	89:95	arg1	solution					97:104	aqueous solution	89:104	aqueous solution	89:104	Magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	2	13	theme	Fourier-transform	366:382	arg1	spectroscopy					393:404	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	366:404	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	366:404	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	6	14	theme	Pb	946:947	arg1	adsorption					932:941	the adsorption	928:941	the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4	928:966	Thermodynamics studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4 was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
27614195	6	14	theme	Pb	946:947	arg1	spontaneous					972:982	spontaneous	972:982	spontaneous	972:982	Thermodynamics studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4 was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
27614195	1	15	from	solution	252:259	arg1	adsorption					218:227	the adsorption	214:227	the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution	214:259	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	3	16	theme	adsorbent	524:532	arg1	dose					534:537	adsorbent dose	524:537	adsorbent dose	524:537	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	5	17	theme	Langmuir	752:759	arg1	model					770:774	the Langmuir isotherm model	748:774	the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model	748:816	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	3	18	theme	time	518:521	arg1	effects					499:505	the effects	495:505	the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity	495:581	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	5	19	theme	isotherm	761:768	arg1	model					770:774	the Langmuir isotherm model	748:774	the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model	748:816	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	6	20	from	nature	1003:1008	arg1	adsorption					932:941	the adsorption	928:941	the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4	928:966	Thermodynamics studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4 was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
27614195	6	20	from	nature	1003:1008	arg1	spontaneous					972:982	spontaneous	972:982	spontaneous	972:982	Thermodynamics studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4 was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
27614195	3	21	theme	temperature	548:558	arg1	effects					499:505	the effects	495:505	the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity	495:581	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	2	22	theme	sample	345:350	arg1	magnetometry					352:363	vibrating sample magnetometry	335:363	vibrating sample magnetometry	335:363	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	2	23	theme	photoelectron	417:429	arg1	spectroscopy					431:442	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	411:442	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	411:442	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	5	24	theme	kinetics	880:887	arg1	terms					851:855	terms	851:855	terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics	851:887	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	3	25	theme	pH	540:541	arg1	effects					499:505	the effects	495:505	the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity	495:581	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	2	26	theme	X-ray	411:415	arg1	spectroscopy					431:442	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	411:442	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	411:442	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	1	27	theme	aqueous	244:250	arg1	solution					252:259	aqueous solution	244:259	aqueous solution	244:259	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	28	theme	nanocrystal	147:157	arg1	CCN-Fe3O4					170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	28	theme	nanocrystal	147:157	arg1	composite					159:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite	107:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4)	107:179	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	28	theme	nanocrystal	147:157	arg1	adsorbent					200:208	adsorbent	200:208	adsorbent	200:208	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	3	29	theme	contact	510:516	arg1	time					518:521	contact time	510:521	contact time	510:521	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	0	30	theme	adsorbent	48:56	arg1	nanocrystals					32:43	cellulose nanocrystals	22:43	cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution	22:104	Magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	5	31	theme	Freundlich	792:801	arg1	model					812:816	the Freundlich isotherm model	788:816	the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model	748:816	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	3	32	theme	Batch	445:449	arg1	experiments					451:461	Batch experiments	445:461	Batch experiments	445:461	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	2	33	theme	infrared	384:391	arg1	spectroscopy					393:404	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	366:404	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	366:404	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	2	34	theme	transmission	301:312	arg1	microscopy					323:332	transmission electron microscopy	301:332	transmission electron microscopy	301:332	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	6	35	theme	Thermodynamics	890:903	arg1	studies					905:911	Thermodynamics studies	890:911	Thermodynamics studies	890:911	Thermodynamics studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto CCN-Fe3O4 was spontaneous and endothermic in nature.
27614195	3	36	theme	adsorption	563:572	arg1	capacity					574:581	adsorption capacity	563:581	adsorption capacity	563:581	Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
27614195	7	37	theme	acid	1056:1059	arg1	treatment					1061:1069	acid treatment	1056:1069	acid treatment	1056:1069	The adsorbent could also be regenerated with acid treatment and successfully reapplied.
27614195	1	38	theme	magnetic	115:122	arg1	CCN-Fe3O4					170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	38	theme	magnetic	115:122	arg1	composite					159:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite	107:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4)	107:179	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	38	theme	magnetic	115:122	arg1	adsorbent					200:208	adsorbent	200:208	adsorbent	200:208	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	5	39	theme	pseudo-second-order	860:878	arg1	kinetics					880:887	pseudo-second-order kinetics	860:887	pseudo-second-order kinetics	860:887	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	4	40	theme	maximum	656:662	arg1	63.78mgg-1					698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	63.78mgg-1	698:707	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	4	40	theme	maximum	656:662	arg1	capacity					675:682	the maximum adsorption capacity	652:682	the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II)	652:692	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	1	41	theme	novel	109:113	arg1	CCN-Fe3O4					170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	41	theme	novel	109:113	arg1	composite					159:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite	107:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4)	107:179	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	41	theme	novel	109:113	arg1	adsorbent					200:208	adsorbent	200:208	adsorbent	200:208	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	4	42	theme	Pb	584:585	arg1	adsorption					591:600	Pb(II) adsorption	584:600	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4	584:615	Pb(II) adsorption onto CCN-Fe3O4 reached equilibrium in 240min, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) was 63.78mgg-1 at 298.2K.
27614195	5	43	theme	isotherm	803:810	arg1	model					812:816	the Freundlich isotherm model	788:816	the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model	748:816	The equilibrium data fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model, and they were well explained in terms of pseudo-second-order kinetics.
27614195	2	44	theme	vibrating	335:343	arg1	magnetometry					352:363	vibrating sample magnetometry	335:363	vibrating sample magnetometry	335:363	The new adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
27614195	0	45	theme	cellulose	22:30	arg1	nanocrystals					32:43	cellulose nanocrystals	22:43	cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution	22:104	Magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	46	theme	carboxylated	124:135	arg1	CCN-Fe3O4					170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	CCN-Fe3O4	170:178	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	46	theme	carboxylated	124:135	arg1	composite					159:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite	107:167	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4)	107:179	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	1	46	theme	carboxylated	124:135	arg1	adsorbent					200:208	adsorbent	200:208	adsorbent	200:208	A novel magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal composite (CCN-Fe3O4) was prepared as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
27614195	0	47	from	solution	97:104	arg1	removal					66:72	the removal	62:72	the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution	62:104	Magnetic carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals as adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution.
28238143	7	0	theme	cellular	1519:1526	arg1	attachment					1528:1537	cellular attachment	1519:1537	cellular attachment	1519:1537	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	8	1	theme	electrospinning	1745:1759	arg1	technique					1761:1769	the electrospinning technique	1741:1769	the electrospinning technique	1741:1769	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	skin					718:721	skin	718:721	skin	718:721	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	tissue					814:819	neural tissue	807:819	neural tissue	807:819	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	tissues					701:707	connective tissues	690:707	connective tissues	690:707	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	vascular					785:792	vascular	785:792	vascular	785:792	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	ligament					724:731	ligament	724:731	ligament	724:731	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	muscle					795:800	muscle	795:800	muscle	795:800	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	tendon					738:743	tendon	738:743	tendon	738:743	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	2	theme	soft	666:669	arg1	tissues					671:677	various soft tissues	658:677	various soft tissues	658:677	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	5	3	theme	Electrospun	822:832	arg1	matrices					844:851	Electrospun nanofiber matrices	822:851	Electrospun nanofiber matrices	822:851	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	7	4	theme	scaffolds	1483:1491	arg1	topographies					1462:1473	the topographies	1458:1473	the topographies of such scaffolds	1458:1491	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	9	5	theme	confocal	1980:1987	arg1	microscopy					1989:1998	scanning electron and confocal microscopy	1958:1998	microscopy	1989:1998	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	6	6	theme	biological	1272:1281	arg1	performance					1283:1293	improved biological performance	1263:1293	improved biological performance over bulk materials	1263:1313	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	8	7	theme	polymer	1793:1799	arg1	scaffolds					1811:1819	polymer nanofiber scaffolds	1793:1819	polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues	1793:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	6	8	dep	in	1355:1356	arg1	vivo					1358:1361	vivo	1358:1361	vivo	1358:1361	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	6	9	theme	electrospinning	1146:1160	arg1	parameters					1162:1171	electrospinning parameters	1146:1171	electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1146:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	8	10	theme	scaffolds	1811:1819	arg1	fabrication					1778:1788	the fabrication	1774:1788	the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues	1774:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	7	11	theme	functional	1683:1692	arg1	performance					1694:1704	functional performance	1683:1704	functional performance	1683:1704	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	6	12	theme	improved	1263:1270	arg1	performance					1283:1293	improved biological performance	1263:1293	improved biological performance over bulk materials	1263:1313	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	3	13	theme	transmission	601:612	arg1	risks					584:588	risks	584:588	risks of disease transmission	584:612	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	6	14	theme	implants	1249:1256	arg1	requirements					1195:1206	the requirements	1191:1206	the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1191:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	5	15	theme	natural	892:898	arg1	ECM					922:924	ECM	922:924	ECM	922:924	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	5	15	theme	natural	892:898	arg1	matrix					914:919	the natural extracellular matrix	888:919	the natural extracellular matrix (ECM)	888:925	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	6	16	theme	specific	1213:1220	arg1	implants					1249:1256	a specific application.Nanostructured implants	1211:1256	a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1211:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	9	17	theme	mechanical	2030:2039	arg1	properties					2041:2050	their mechanical properties	2024:2050	their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation	2024:2150	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	3	18	from	supply	567:572	arg1	short					558:562	short	558:562	short	558:562	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	6	19	theme	cellular	1329:1336	arg1	infiltration					1338:1349	cellular infiltration	1329:1349	cellular infiltration	1329:1349	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	5	20	theme	variable	1026:1033	arg1	distributions					1045:1057	variable pore-size distributions	1026:1057	variable pore-size distributions	1026:1057	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	8	21	theme	soft	1854:1857	arg1	tissues					1859:1865	soft tissues	1854:1865	soft tissues	1854:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	7	22	theme	functional	1629:1638	arg1	tissues					1640:1646	complex functional tissues	1621:1646	complex functional tissues	1621:1646	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	6	23	dep	implants	1249:1256	arg1	show					1258:1261	show	1258:1261	show	1258:1261	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	5	24	theme	morphological	858:870	arg1	similarities					872:883	morphological similarities	858:883	morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions	858:1057	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	1	25	theme	elegant	157:163	arg1	technique					179:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique	147:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers	147:238	Electrospinning has emerged as a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers.
28238143	3	26	from	short	558:562	arg1	supply					567:572	supply	567:572	supply	567:572	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	6	27	theme	unique	1396:1401	arg1	quantum					1403:1409	unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1396:1442	quantum	1403:1409	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	2	28	theme	many	386:389	arg1	applications					402:413	many biomedical applications	386:413	many biomedical applications	386:413	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	0	29	theme	Tissues	107:113	arg1	Regeneration					86:97	Regeneration	86:97	Regeneration	86:97	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	0	29	theme	Tissues	107:113	arg1	Engineering					70:80	Engineering	70:80	Engineering	70:80	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	5	30	theme	continuous	955:964	arg1	fibers					966:971	ultrafine continuous fibers	945:971	ultrafine continuous fibers	945:971	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	9	31	theme	Selected	1868:1875	arg1	scaffolds					1877:1885	Selected scaffolds	1868:1885	Selected scaffolds	1868:1885	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	3	32	theme	medical	434:440	arg1	alternatives					505:516	potential alternatives	495:516	potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission	495:612	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	32	theme	medical	434:440	arg1	implants					442:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants	416:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants	416:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	32	theme	medical	434:440	arg1	scaffolds					480:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	0	33	theme	Electrospun	0:10	arg1	Scaffolds					22:30	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds	0:30	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds	0:30	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	3	34	theme	nanofiber	470:478	arg1	scaffolds					480:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	7	35	dep	dictate	1511:1517	arg1	critical					1597:1604	critical	1597:1604	critical	1597:1604	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	4	36	theme	connective	690:699	arg1	tissues					701:707	connective tissues	690:707	connective tissues	690:707	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	5	37	theme	nanofiber	834:842	arg1	matrices					844:851	Electrospun nanofiber matrices	822:851	Electrospun nanofiber matrices	822:851	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	9	38	theme	human	1907:1911	arg1	hMSCs					1937:1941	hMSCs	1937:1941	hMSCs	1937:1941	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	9	38	theme	human	1907:1911	arg1	cells					1930:1934	human mesenchymal stem cells	1907:1934	human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)	1907:1942	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	3	39	theme	potential	495:503	arg1	alternatives					505:516	potential alternatives	495:516	potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission	495:612	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	39	theme	potential	495:503	arg1	implants					442:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants	416:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants	416:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	39	theme	potential	495:503	arg1	scaffolds					480:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	6	40	theme	atomic	1426:1431	arg1	properties					1433:1442	unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1396:1442	properties	1433:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	9	41	theme	stem	1925:1928	arg1	hMSCs					1937:1941	hMSCs	1937:1941	hMSCs	1937:1941	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	9	41	theme	stem	1925:1928	arg1	cells					1930:1934	human mesenchymal stem cells	1907:1934	human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)	1907:1942	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	2	42	theme	synthetic	308:316	arg1	ones					318:321	both natural and synthetic ones	291:321	both natural and synthetic ones	291:321	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	1	43	theme	simple	149:154	arg1	technique					179:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique	147:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers	147:238	Electrospinning has emerged as a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers.
28238143	3	44	theme	polymeric	460:468	arg1	scaffolds					480:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	1	45	theme	polymeric	219:227	arg1	nanofibers					229:238	polymeric nanofibers	219:238	polymeric nanofibers	219:238	Electrospinning has emerged as a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers.
28238143	5	46	theme	surface-to-volume	979:995	arg1	ratios					997:1002	high surface-to-volume ratios	974:1002	high surface-to-volume ratios	974:1002	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	6	47	theme	nanofiber	1093:1101	arg1	matrices					1103:1110	nanofiber matrices	1093:1110	nanofiber matrices	1093:1110	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	8	48	theme	tissues	1859:1865	arg1	regeneration					1838:1849	the regeneration	1834:1849	the regeneration of soft tissues	1834:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	9	49	theme	scanning	1958:1965	arg1	electron					1967:1974	scanning electron and confocal microscopy	1958:1998	electron	1967:1974	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	6	50	theme	bulk	1300:1303	arg1	materials					1305:1313	bulk materials	1300:1313	bulk materials	1300:1313	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	8	51	theme	technique	1761:1769	arg1	use					1734:1736	the use	1730:1736	the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues	1730:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	7	52	theme	such	1478:1481	arg1	scaffolds					1483:1491	such scaffolds	1478:1491	such scaffolds	1478:1491	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	skin					718:721	skin	718:721	skin	718:721	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	tissue					814:819	neural tissue	807:819	neural tissue	807:819	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	tissues					701:707	connective tissues	690:707	connective tissues	690:707	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	vascular					785:792	vascular	785:792	vascular	785:792	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	ligament					724:731	ligament	724:731	ligament	724:731	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	muscle					795:800	muscle	795:800	muscle	795:800	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	tendon					738:743	tendon	738:743	tendon	738:743	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	4	53	theme	various	658:664	arg1	tissues					671:677	various soft tissues	658:677	various soft tissues	658:677	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	2	54	theme	natural	296:302	arg1	ones					318:321	both natural and synthetic ones	291:321	both natural and synthetic ones	291:321	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	1	55	theme	scalable	170:177	arg1	technique					179:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique	147:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers	147:238	Electrospinning has emerged as a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers.
28238143	4	56	theme	neural	807:812	arg1	tissue					814:819	neural tissue	807:819	neural tissue	807:819	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	6	57	theme	integration	1363:1373	arg1	aspects					1318:1324	aspects	1318:1324	aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration	1318:1373	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	3	58	theme	disease	593:599	arg1	transmission					601:612	disease transmission	593:612	disease transmission	593:612	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	8	59	theme	nanofiber	1801:1809	arg1	scaffolds					1811:1819	polymer nanofiber scaffolds	1793:1819	polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues	1793:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	7	60	theme	improved	1653:1660	arg1	biocompatibility					1662:1677	improved biocompatibility	1653:1677	improved biocompatibility	1653:1677	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	6	61	theme	quantum	1403:1409	arg1	advantage					1383:1391	advantage	1383:1391	advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1383:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	6	62	theme	in	1355:1356	arg1	integration					1363:1373	in vivo integration	1355:1373	in vivo integration	1355:1373	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	6	63	theme	application.Nanostructured	1222:1247	arg1	implants					1249:1256	a specific application.Nanostructured implants	1211:1256	a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1211:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	6	64	theme	infiltration	1338:1349	arg1	aspects					1318:1324	aspects	1318:1324	aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration	1318:1373	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	5	65	theme	extracellular	900:912	arg1	ECM					922:924	ECM	922:924	ECM	922:924	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	5	65	theme	extracellular	900:912	arg1	matrix					914:919	the natural extracellular matrix	888:919	the natural extracellular matrix (ECM)	888:925	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	7	66	theme	complex	1621:1627	arg1	tissues					1640:1646	complex functional tissues	1621:1646	complex functional tissues	1621:1646	Furthermore, the topographies of such scaffolds has been shown to dictate cellular attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, which are critical in engineering complex functional tissues with improved biocompatibility and functional performance.
28238143	5	67	theme	pore-size	1035:1043	arg1	distributions					1045:1057	variable pore-size distributions	1026:1057	variable pore-size distributions	1026:1057	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	2	68	theme	Pure	241:244	arg1	polymers					246:253	Pure polymers	241:253	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones	241:321	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	6	69	theme	physical	1412:1419	arg1	quantum					1403:1409	unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1396:1442	quantum	1403:1409	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	4	70	used	used	641:644	arg2	scaffolds					621:629	These scaffolds	615:629	These scaffolds	615:629	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	0	71	theme	Soft	102:105	arg1	Tissues					107:113	Soft Tissues	102:113	Soft Tissues	102:113	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	5	72	theme	ultrafine	945:953	arg1	fibers					966:971	ultrafine continuous fibers	945:971	ultrafine continuous fibers	945:971	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	6	73	theme	physiochemical	1064:1077	arg1	properties					1079:1088	The physiochemical properties	1060:1088	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices	1060:1110	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	9	74	theme	cell	2090:2093	arg1	adhesion					2095:2102	cell adhesion	2090:2102	cell adhesion	2090:2102	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	0	75	theme	Nanofiber	12:20	arg1	Scaffolds					22:30	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds	0:30	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds	0:30	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	2	76	theme	nanofiber	363:371	arg1	matrices					373:380	nanofiber matrices	363:380	nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications	363:413	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	0	77	dep	Engineering	70:80	arg1	the					66:68	the	66:68	the	66:68	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	1	78	used	used	201:204	arg2	technique					179:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique	147:187	a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers	147:238	Electrospinning has emerged as a simple, elegant, and scalable technique that can be used to fabricate polymeric nanofibers.
28238143	3	79	contain	carry	578:582	arg1	autografts					521:530	autografts	521:530	autografts	521:530	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	79	contain	carry	578:582	arg2	risks					584:588	risks	584:588	risks of disease transmission	584:612	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	8	80	from	use	1734:1736	arg1	fabrication					1778:1788	the fabrication	1774:1788	the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues	1774:1865	This chapter discusses the use of the electrospinning technique in the fabrication of polymer nanofiber scaffolds utilized for the regeneration of soft tissues.
28238143	0	81	theme	Hydrogel	42:49	arg1	Composites					51:60	Their Hydrogel Composites	36:60	Their Hydrogel Composites	36:60	Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds and Their Hydrogel Composites for the Engineering and Regeneration of Soft Tissues.
28238143	3	82	theme	Tissue-engineered	416:432	arg1	alternatives					505:516	potential alternatives	495:516	potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission	495:612	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	82	theme	Tissue-engineered	416:432	arg1	implants					442:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants	416:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants	416:449	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	3	82	theme	Tissue-engineered	416:432	arg1	scaffolds					480:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	polymeric nanofiber scaffolds	460:488	Tissue-engineered medical implants, such as polymeric nanofiber scaffolds, are potential alternatives to autografts and allografts, which are short in supply and carry risks of disease transmission.
28238143	2	83	theme	biomedical	391:400	arg1	applications					402:413	many biomedical applications	386:413	many biomedical applications	386:413	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	6	84	theme	properties	1433:1442	arg1	advantage					1383:1391	advantage	1383:1391	advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties	1383:1442	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
28238143	5	85	theme	high	1005:1008	arg1	porosities					1010:1019	high porosities	1005:1019	high porosities	1005:1019	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	9	86	theme	mesenchymal	1913:1923	arg1	hMSCs					1937:1941	hMSCs	1937:1941	hMSCs	1937:1941	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	9	86	theme	mesenchymal	1913:1923	arg1	cells					1930:1934	human mesenchymal stem cells	1907:1934	human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs)	1907:1942	Selected scaffolds will be seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), imaged using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, and then evaluated for their mechanical properties as well as their abilities to promote cell adhesion, proliferation , migration, and differentiation.
28238143	2	87	theme	ones	318:321	arg1	blends					266:271	blends	266:271	blends	266:271	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	2	87	theme	ones	318:321	arg1	ones					318:321	both natural and synthetic ones	291:321	both natural and synthetic ones	291:321	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	2	87	theme	ones	318:321	arg1	polymers					246:253	Pure polymers	241:253	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones	241:321	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	2	87	theme	ones	318:321	arg1	composites					277:286	composites	277:286	composites	277:286	Pure polymers as well as blends and composites of both natural and synthetic ones have been successfully electrospun into nanofiber matrices for many biomedical applications.
28238143	4	88	theme	nonconnective	757:769	arg1	ones					771:774	nonconnective ones	757:774	nonconnective ones	757:774	These scaffolds have been used to engineer various soft tissues, including connective tissues, such as skin, ligament, and tendon, as well as nonconnective ones, such as vascular, muscle, and neural tissue.
28238143	5	89	theme	high	974:977	arg1	ratios					997:1002	high surface-to-volume ratios	974:1002	high surface-to-volume ratios	974:1002	Electrospun nanofiber matrices show morphological similarities to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), characterized by ultrafine continuous fibers, high surface-to-volume ratios, high porosities, and variable pore-size distributions.
28238143	6	90	theme	matrices	1103:1110	arg1	properties					1079:1088	The physiochemical properties	1060:1088	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices	1060:1110	The physiochemical properties of nanofiber matrices can be controlled by manipulating electrospinning parameters so that they meet the requirements of a specific application.Nanostructured implants show improved biological performance over bulk materials in aspects of cellular infiltration and in vivo integration, taking advantage of unique quantum, physical, and atomic properties.
26998555	1	0	theme	release	284:290	arg1	terms					245:249	terms	245:249	terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	245:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	6	1	from	loading	1092:1098	arg1	superior					1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	6	1	from	loading	1092:1098	arg1	nanoparticles					1024:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	5	2	theme	chitosan	915:922	arg1	higher					951:956	higher	951:956	higher	951:956	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	5	2	theme	chitosan	915:922	arg1	fractions					891:899	The fine particle fractions	873:899	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug	873:944	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	6	3	theme	conjugate	1014:1022	arg1	superior					1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	6	3	theme	conjugate	1014:1022	arg1	nanoparticles					1024:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	3	4	theme	light	610:614	arg1	scattering					616:625	dynamic light scattering	602:625	dynamic light scattering for particle size	602:643	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	8	5	theme	chitosan	1354:1361	arg1	nanoparticles					1363:1375	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles	1339:1375	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles	1339:1375	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	8	5	theme	chitosan	1354:1361	arg1	useful					1386:1391	useful	1386:1391	useful	1386:1391	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	0	6	theme	Dry	129:131	arg1	Powder					133:138	a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	111:138	a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	111:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	3	7	theme	X-ray	646:650	arg1	spectroscopy					666:677	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	646:677	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition	646:701	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	5	8	theme	particle	882:889	arg1	higher					951:956	higher	951:956	higher	951:956	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	5	8	theme	particle	882:889	arg1	fractions					891:899	The fine particle fractions	873:899	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug	873:944	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	8	9	theme	drug	1547:1550	arg1	release					1552:1558	prolonged drug release	1537:1558	prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI	1537:1583	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	3	10	theme	surface	683:689	arg1	composition					691:701	surface composition	683:701	surface composition	683:701	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	0	11	from	Release	90:96	arg1	Dispersibility					60:73	Dispersibility	60:73	Dispersibility	60:73	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	2	12	theme	water-in-oil	496:507	arg1	emulsification					509:522	water-in-oil emulsification	496:522	water-in-oil emulsification followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking	496:563	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate were prepared by water-in-oil emulsification followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking.
26998555	4	13	theme	controlled	757:766	arg1	release					768:774	The controlled release	753:774	The controlled release of DH	753:780	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	0	14	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Dispersibility					60:73	Dispersibility	60:73	Dispersibility	60:73	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	4	15	theme	pH	824:825	arg1	7.3					827:829	pH 7.3	824:829	pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C	824:842	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	8	16	from	DPI	1581:1583	arg1	release					1552:1558	prolonged drug release	1537:1558	prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI	1537:1583	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	8	16	from	DPI	1581:1583	arg1	aerosolization					1518:1531	aerosolization	1518:1531	aerosolization	1518:1531	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	2	17	theme	glutaraldehyde	536:549	arg1	cross-linking					551:563	glutaraldehyde cross-linking	536:563	glutaraldehyde cross-linking	536:563	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate were prepared by water-in-oil emulsification followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking.
26998555	6	18	from	superior	1043:1050	arg1	profile					1147:1153	controlled release profile	1128:1153	controlled release profile	1128:1153	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	6	18	from	superior	1043:1050	arg1	efficiency					1112:1121	entrapment efficiency	1101:1121	entrapment efficiency	1101:1121	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	6	18	from	superior	1043:1050	arg1	loading					1092:1098	drug loading	1087:1098	drug loading	1087:1098	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	4	19	theme	±	831:831	arg1	7.3					827:829	pH 7.3	824:829	pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C	824:842	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	7	20	theme	hydrophobic	1259:1269	arg1	cross-links					1271:1281	hydrophobic cross-links	1259:1281	hydrophobic cross-links	1259:1281	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	1	21	theme	diltiazem	381:389	arg1	drug					423:426	the model drug	413:426	the model drug	413:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	21	theme	diltiazem	381:389	arg1	DH					406:407	DH	406:407	DH	406:407	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	21	theme	diltiazem	381:389	arg1	hydrochloride					391:403	diltiazem hydrochloride	381:403	diltiazem hydrochloride (DH)	381:408	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	0	22	theme	l-Leucine	35:43	arg1	Conjugation					20:30	Chemical Conjugation	11:30	Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan	11:55	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	2	23	theme	chitosan	456:463	arg1	nanoparticles					439:451	DH-loaded nanoparticles	429:451	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate	429:477	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate were prepared by water-in-oil emulsification followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking.
26998555	7	24	theme	conjugate	1245:1253	arg1	environment					1216:1226	the amphiphilic environment	1200:1226	the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links	1200:1281	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	5	25	theme	nonconjugated	972:984	arg1	nanoparticles					995:1007	nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles	972:1007	nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles	972:1007	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	8	26	theme	alternative	1461:1471	arg1	carrier					1473:1479	an alternative carrier	1458:1479	an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1458:1596	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	0	27	theme	Chemical	11:18	arg1	Conjugation					20:30	Chemical Conjugation	11:30	Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan	11:55	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	1	28	theme	nanoparticulate	299:313	arg1	formulation					340:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation	297:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	297:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	3	29	theme	twin	708:711	arg1	impinger					719:726	twin stage impinger	708:726	twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility	708:750	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	1	30	theme	powder	319:324	arg1	formulation					340:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation	297:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	297:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	6	31	theme	drug	1087:1090	arg1	loading					1092:1098	drug loading	1087:1098	drug loading	1087:1098	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	2	32	theme	conjugate	469:477	arg1	nanoparticles					439:451	DH-loaded nanoparticles	429:451	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate	429:477	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate were prepared by water-in-oil emulsification followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking.
26998555	8	33	theme	drug	1490:1493	arg1	delivery					1495:1502	lung drug delivery	1485:1502	lung drug delivery	1485:1502	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	1	34	from	formulation	340:350	arg1	terms					245:249	terms	245:249	terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	245:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	34	from	formulation	340:350	arg1	dispersibility					254:267	dispersibility	254:267	dispersibility	254:267	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	34	from	formulation	340:350	arg1	release					284:290	controlled release	273:290	controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	273:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	3	35	theme	drug	732:735	arg1	dispersibility					737:750	drug dispersibility	732:750	drug dispersibility	732:750	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	8	36	theme	aerosolization	1518:1531	arg1	formulations					1585:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	1	37	theme	dispersibility	254:267	arg1	terms					245:249	terms	245:249	terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	245:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	6	38	theme	release	1139:1145	arg1	profile					1147:1153	controlled release profile	1128:1153	controlled release profile	1128:1153	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	7	39	theme	higher	1160:1165	arg1	dispersibility					1167:1180	The higher dispersibility	1156:1180	The higher dispersibility	1156:1180	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	6	40	from	efficiency	1112:1121	arg1	superior					1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	6	40	from	efficiency	1112:1121	arg1	nanoparticles					1024:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	1	41	theme	controlled	273:282	arg1	release					284:290	controlled release	273:290	controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	273:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	42	theme	l-leucine-conjugated	185:204	arg1	vehicle					234:240	a drug delivery vehicle	218:240	a drug delivery vehicle	218:240	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	42	theme	l-leucine-conjugated	185:204	arg1	chitosan					206:213	l-leucine-conjugated chitosan	185:213	l-leucine-conjugated chitosan	185:213	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	5	43	theme	conjugated	904:913	arg1	chitosan					915:922	conjugated chitosan	904:922	conjugated chitosan	904:922	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	0	44	theme	Nanoparticulate	113:127	arg1	Powder					133:138	a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	111:138	a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	111:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	8	45	theme	lung	1485:1488	arg1	delivery					1495:1502	lung drug delivery	1485:1502	lung drug delivery	1485:1502	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	3	46	theme	dynamic	602:608	arg1	scattering					616:625	dynamic light scattering	602:625	dynamic light scattering for particle size	602:643	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	8	47	theme	prolonged	1537:1545	arg1	release					1552:1558	prolonged drug release	1537:1558	prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI	1537:1583	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	8	48	with	carrier	1473:1479	arg1	formulations					1585:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	5	49	theme	fine	877:880	arg1	higher					951:956	higher	951:956	higher	951:956	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	5	49	theme	fine	877:880	arg1	fractions					891:899	The fine particle fractions	873:899	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug	873:944	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	8	50	theme	release	1552:1558	arg1	formulations					1585:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	8	51	theme	conjugated	1343:1352	arg1	nanoparticles					1363:1375	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles	1339:1375	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles	1339:1375	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	8	51	theme	conjugated	1343:1352	arg1	useful					1386:1391	useful	1386:1391	useful	1386:1391	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	1	52	from	terms	245:249	arg1	formulation					340:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation	297:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	297:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	3	53	theme	particle	631:638	arg1	size					640:643	particle size	631:643	particle size	631:643	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	4	54	dep	saline	816:821	arg1	7.3					827:829	pH 7.3	824:829	pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C	824:842	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	8	55	theme	nanoparticulate	1565:1579	arg1	DPI					1581:1583	nanoparticulate DPI	1565:1583	nanoparticulate DPI	1565:1583	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	1	56	theme	model	417:421	arg1	drug					423:426	the model drug	413:426	the model drug	413:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	56	theme	model	417:421	arg1	hydrochloride					391:403	diltiazem hydrochloride	381:403	diltiazem hydrochloride (DH)	381:408	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	0	57	dep	Formulation	148:158	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility	0:73	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	0	57	dep	Formulation	148:158	arg1	Release					90:96	Controlled Release	79:96	Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	79:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	4	58	theme	DH	779:780	arg1	release					768:774	The controlled release	753:774	The controlled release of DH	753:780	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	7	59	theme	release	1292:1298	arg1	profile					1300:1306	the release profile	1288:1306	the release profile	1288:1306	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	3	60	theme	photoelectron	652:664	arg1	spectroscopy					666:677	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	646:677	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition	646:701	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	4	61	dep	±	831:831	arg1	°C					841:842	0.2, 37 °C	833:842	°C	841:842	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	6	62	theme	unmodified	1064:1073	arg1	chitosan					1075:1082	unmodified chitosan	1064:1082	unmodified chitosan	1064:1082	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	0	63	theme	Controlled	79:88	arg1	Release					90:96	Controlled Release	79:96	Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	79:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	8	64	theme	appropriate	1400:1410	arg1	testing					1412:1418	appropriate testing	1400:1418	appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity	1400:1452	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
26998555	7	65	theme	cross-links	1271:1281	arg1	environment					1216:1226	the amphiphilic environment	1200:1226	the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links	1200:1281	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	1	66	theme	pulmonary	356:364	arg1	delivery					366:373	pulmonary delivery	356:373	pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	356:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	6	67	theme	controlled	1128:1137	arg1	profile					1147:1153	controlled release profile	1128:1153	controlled release profile	1128:1153	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	7	68	theme	l-leucine	1235:1243	arg1	conjugate					1245:1253	the l-leucine conjugate	1231:1253	the l-leucine conjugate	1231:1253	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	0	69	theme	Conjugation	20:30	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility	0:73	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	0	69	theme	Conjugation	20:30	arg1	Release					90:96	Controlled Release	79:96	Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	79:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	5	70	theme	chitosan	986:993	arg1	nanoparticles					995:1007	nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles	972:1007	nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles	972:1007	The fine particle fractions of conjugated chitosan with and without drug were higher than those of nonconjugated chitosan nanoparticles.
26998555	6	71	theme	entrapment	1101:1110	arg1	efficiency					1112:1121	entrapment efficiency	1101:1121	entrapment efficiency	1101:1121	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	2	72	theme	DH-loaded	429:437	arg1	nanoparticles					439:451	DH-loaded nanoparticles	429:451	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate	429:477	DH-loaded nanoparticles of chitosan and conjugate were prepared by water-in-oil emulsification followed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking.
26998555	4	73	theme	phosphate-buffered	797:814	arg1	saline					816:821	phosphate-buffered saline	797:821	phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C)	797:843	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	7	74	theme	amphiphilic	1204:1214	arg1	environment					1216:1226	the amphiphilic environment	1200:1226	the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links	1200:1281	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	1	75	theme	dry	315:317	arg1	formulation					340:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation	297:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	297:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	76	theme	drug	220:223	arg1	vehicle					234:240	a drug delivery vehicle	218:240	a drug delivery vehicle	218:240	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	76	theme	drug	220:223	arg1	chitosan					206:213	l-leucine-conjugated chitosan	185:213	l-leucine-conjugated chitosan	185:213	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	0	77	theme	Drug	101:104	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility	0:73	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	0	77	theme	Drug	101:104	arg1	Release					90:96	Controlled Release	79:96	Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	79:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	1	78	theme	inhaler	326:332	arg1	formulation					340:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation	297:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	297:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	4	79	theme	UV	851:852	arg1	spectrophotometry					854:870	UV spectrophotometry	851:870	UV spectrophotometry	851:870	The controlled release of DH was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.3 ± 0.2, 37 °C) using UV spectrophotometry.
26998555	1	80	theme	DPI	335:337	arg1	formulation					340:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation	297:350	a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug	297:426	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	0	81	from	Powder	133:138	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility	0:73	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	0	81	from	Powder	133:138	arg1	Release					90:96	Controlled Release	79:96	Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder	79:138	Effects of Chemical Conjugation of l-Leucine to Chitosan on Dispersibility and Controlled Release of Drug from a Nanoparticulate Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation.
26998555	3	82	theme	stage	713:717	arg1	impinger					719:726	twin stage impinger	708:726	twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility	708:750	Nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering for particle size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface composition, and twin stage impinger for drug dispersibility.
26998555	6	83	from	profile	1147:1153	arg1	superior					1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	superior	1043:1050	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	6	83	from	profile	1147:1153	arg1	nanoparticles					1024:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles	1010:1036	The conjugate nanoparticles were superior to those of unmodified chitosan in drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and controlled release profile.
26998555	1	84	theme	delivery	225:232	arg1	vehicle					234:240	a drug delivery vehicle	218:240	a drug delivery vehicle	218:240	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	1	84	theme	delivery	225:232	arg1	chitosan					206:213	l-leucine-conjugated chitosan	185:213	l-leucine-conjugated chitosan	185:213	This study investigated l-leucine-conjugated chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle in terms of dispersibility and controlled release from a nanoparticulate dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation for pulmonary delivery using diltiazem hydrochloride (DH) as the model drug.
26998555	7	85	theme	greater	1321:1327	arg1	swelling					1329:1336	the greater swelling	1317:1336	the greater swelling	1317:1336	The higher dispersibility was attributed to the amphiphilic environment of the l-leucine conjugate and hydrophobic cross-links, and the release profile reflects the greater swelling.
26998555	8	86	theme	enhanced	1509:1516	arg1	formulations					1585:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations	1509:1596	The conjugated chitosan nanoparticles could be useful, after appropriate testing for biodegradability and toxicity, as an alternative carrier for lung drug delivery with enhanced aerosolization and prolonged drug release from nanoparticulate DPI formulations.
28293293	0	0	theme	diverse	99:105	arg1	glycans					130:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	6	1	theme	oxidative	1087:1095	arg1	cleavage					1097:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage	1084:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans	1084:1129	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	2	2	theme	large	382:386	arg1	number					388:393	a large number	380:393	a large number of fungal saprotrophs	380:415	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	5	3	dep	RESULTS	822:828	arg1	investigated					848:859	investigated	848:859	investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry	848:1003	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	8	4	theme	optimized	1623:1631	arg1	cocktails					1640:1648	optimized enzyme cocktails	1623:1648	optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries	1623:1665	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	5	5	theme	tandem	945:950	arg1	spectrometry					957:968	tandem mass spectrometry	945:968	tandem mass spectrometry	945:968	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	1	6	theme	plant	178:182	arg1	biomass					184:190	plant biomass	178:190	plant biomass	178:190	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	0	7	theme	cell	113:116	arg1	glycans					130:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	1	8	dep	BACKGROUND	139:148	arg1	revolutionized					210:223	revolutionized	210:223	has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides	192:338	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	0	9	theme	plant	107:111	arg1	glycans					130:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	8	10	theme	cocktails	1640:1648	arg1	development					1608:1618	the development	1604:1618	the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries	1604:1665	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	7	11	theme	products	1325:1332	arg1	extremity					1308:1316	the reducing extremity	1295:1316	the reducing extremity of the products	1295:1332	Gem-diols and ketones were produced at the non-reducing end, while aldonic acids were produced at the reducing extremity of the products.
28293293	3	12	theme	anserina	575:582	arg1	genome					555:560	the genome	551:560	the genome of Podospora anserina	551:582	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	6	13	theme	C4	1084:1085	arg1	cleavage					1097:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage	1084:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans	1084:1129	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	0	14	theme	matrix	123:128	arg1	glycans					130:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	5	15	from	activity	865:872	arg1	glucomannan					927:937	glucomannan	927:937	glucomannan	927:937	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	5	15	from	activity	865:872	arg1	xyloglucan					912:921	xyloglucan	912:921	xyloglucan	912:921	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	5	15	from	activity	865:872	arg1	glucans					903:909	mixed-linkage glucans	889:909	mixed-linkage glucans	889:909	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	4	16	theme	cleavage	786:793	arg1	regioselectivity					762:777	the regioselectivity	758:777	the regioselectivity of the cleavage	758:793	Activity of PaLPMO9H on several hemicelluloses has been suggested, but the regioselectivity of the cleavage remained to be determined.
28293293	8	17	theme	glycosidic	1441:1450	arg1	linkages					1431:1438	their linkages	1425:1438	their linkages	1425:1438	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	8	17	theme	glycosidic	1441:1450	arg1	composition					1452:1462	glycosidic composition	1441:1462	glycosidic composition	1441:1462	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	6	18	theme	oxidative	1147:1155	arg1	cleavage					1157:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	1135:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan	1135:1194	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	1	19	theme	biomass	184:190	arg1	conversion					164:173	The enzymatic conversion	150:173	The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass	150:190	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	0	20	theme	wall	118:121	arg1	glycans					130:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	99:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	8	21	from	biorefineries	1653:1665	arg1	development					1608:1618	the development	1604:1618	the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries	1604:1665	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	6	22	theme	glucomannan	1169:1179	arg1	cleavage					1157:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	1135:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan	1135:1194	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	6	22	theme	glucomannan	1169:1179	arg1	cleavage					1097:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage	1084:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans	1084:1129	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	4	23	theme	PaLPMO9H	699:706	arg1	Activity					687:694	Activity	687:694	Activity of PaLPMO9H on several hemicelluloses	687:732	Activity of PaLPMO9H on several hemicelluloses has been suggested, but the regioselectivity of the cleavage remained to be determined.
28293293	0	24	theme	Podospora	4:12	arg1	anserina					14:21	Podospora anserina	4:21	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	7	25	theme	reducing	1299:1306	arg1	extremity					1308:1316	the reducing extremity	1295:1316	the reducing extremity of the products	1295:1332	Gem-diols and ketones were produced at the non-reducing end, while aldonic acids were produced at the reducing extremity of the products.
28293293	2	26	theme	powerful	347:354	arg1	enzymes					356:362	These powerful enzymes	341:362	These powerful enzymes	341:362	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	8	27	theme	enzyme	1633:1638	arg1	cocktails					1640:1648	optimized enzyme cocktails	1623:1648	optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries	1623:1665	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	2	28	theme	saprotrophs	405:415	arg1	number					388:393	a large number	380:393	a large number of fungal saprotrophs	380:415	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	7	29	theme	aldonic	1264:1270	arg1	acids					1272:1276	aldonic acids	1264:1276	aldonic acids	1264:1276	Gem-diols and ketones were produced at the non-reducing end, while aldonic acids were produced at the reducing extremity of the products.
28293293	6	30	theme	products	1042:1049	arg1	analysis					1017:1024	Structural analysis	1006:1024	Structural analysis of the released products	1006:1049	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	8	31	dep	CONCLUSION	1335:1344	arg1	ability					1350:1356	The ability	1346:1356	The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains,	1346:1493	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	8	31	dep	CONCLUSION	1335:1344	arg1	advantageous					1504:1515	advantageous	1504:1515	advantageous	1504:1515	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	2	32	theme	fungal	398:403	arg1	saprotrophs					405:415	fungal saprotrophs	398:415	fungal saprotrophs	398:415	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	0	33	theme	lytic	23:27	arg1	PaLPMO9H					58:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	1	34	theme	oxidative	302:310	arg1	cleavage					312:319	oxidative cleavage	302:319	oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides	302:338	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	8	35	theme	catabolizing	1551:1562	arg1	polysaccharides					1580:1594	catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides	1551:1594	catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides	1551:1594	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	4	36	from	Activity	687:694	arg1	hemicelluloses					719:732	several hemicelluloses	711:732	several hemicelluloses	711:732	Activity of PaLPMO9H on several hemicelluloses has been suggested, but the regioselectivity of the cleavage remained to be determined.
28293293	2	37	theme	commercial	449:458	arg1	cocktails					467:475	commercial enzyme cocktails	449:475	commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion	449:514	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	2	38	theme	enzyme	460:465	arg1	cocktails					467:475	commercial enzyme cocktails	449:475	commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion	449:514	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	0	39	theme	glycans	130:136	arg1	cleavage					87:94	oxidative cleavage	77:94	oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	77:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	8	40	theme	sidechains	1483:1492	arg1	presence					1471:1478	presence	1471:1478	presence of sidechains	1471:1492	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	8	40	theme	sidechains	1483:1492	arg1	linkages					1431:1438	their linkages	1425:1438	their linkages	1425:1438	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	5	41	theme	mass	952:955	arg1	spectrometry					957:968	tandem mass spectrometry	945:968	tandem mass spectrometry	945:968	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	5	42	theme	PaLPMO9H	877:884	arg1	activity					865:872	the activity	861:872	the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan	861:937	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	0	43	theme	monooxygenase	44:56	arg1	PaLPMO9H					58:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	8	44	theme	PaLPMO9H	1361:1368	arg1	ability					1350:1356	The ability	1346:1356	The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains,	1346:1493	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	8	44	theme	PaLPMO9H	1361:1368	arg1	advantageous					1504:1515	advantageous	1504:1515	advantageous	1504:1515	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	3	45	theme	C1/C4	621:625	arg1	cleavage					637:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	615:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides	615:684	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	4	46	theme	several	711:717	arg1	hemicelluloses					719:732	several hemicelluloses	711:732	several hemicelluloses	711:732	Activity of PaLPMO9H on several hemicelluloses has been suggested, but the regioselectivity of the cleavage remained to be determined.
28293293	6	47	theme	glucans	1123:1129	arg1	cleavage					1157:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	1135:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan	1135:1194	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	6	47	theme	glucans	1123:1129	arg1	cleavage					1097:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage	1084:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans	1084:1129	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	0	48	theme	polysaccharide	29:42	arg1	PaLPMO9H					58:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	1	49	theme	polysaccharides	324:338	arg1	cleavage					312:319	oxidative cleavage	302:319	oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides	302:338	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	7	50	theme	non-reducing	1240:1251	arg1	end					1253:1255	the non-reducing end	1236:1255	the non-reducing end	1236:1255	Gem-diols and ketones were produced at the non-reducing end, while aldonic acids were produced at the reducing extremity of the products.
28293293	3	51	theme	cello-oligosaccharides	663:684	arg1	cleavage					637:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	615:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides	615:684	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	2	52	theme	cocktails	467:475	arg1	components					435:444	important components	425:444	important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion	425:514	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	2	53	theme	important	425:433	arg1	components					435:444	important components	425:444	important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion	425:514	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	2	54	theme	biomass	497:503	arg1	conversion					505:514	industrial biomass conversion	486:514	industrial biomass conversion	486:514	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	6	55	theme	Structural	1006:1015	arg1	analysis					1017:1024	Structural analysis	1006:1024	Structural analysis of the released products	1006:1049	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	6	56	theme	mixed-linkage	1109:1121	arg1	glucans					1123:1129	mixed-linkage glucans	1109:1129	mixed-linkage glucans	1109:1129	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	6	57	theme	released	1033:1040	arg1	products					1042:1049	the released products	1029:1049	the released products	1029:1049	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	8	58	theme	target	1373:1378	arg1	polysaccharides					1380:1394	target polysaccharides	1373:1394	target polysaccharides	1373:1394	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	2	59	theme	industrial	486:495	arg1	conversion					505:514	industrial biomass conversion	486:514	industrial biomass conversion	486:514	These powerful enzymes are secreted by a large number of fungal saprotrophs and are important components of commercial enzyme cocktails used for industrial biomass conversion.
28293293	8	60	from	cocktails	1640:1648	arg1	biorefineries					1653:1665	biorefineries	1653:1665	biorefineries	1653:1665	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	6	61	theme	C1/C4	1141:1145	arg1	cleavage					1157:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	1135:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan	1135:1194	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	3	62	theme	mixed	615:619	arg1	cleavage					637:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	615:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides	615:684	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	3	63	theme	AA9	530:532	arg1	LPMOs					534:538	the 33 AA9 LPMOs	523:538	the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina	523:582	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	3	64	theme	PaLPMO9H	589:596	arg1	enzyme					598:603	the PaLPMO9H enzyme	585:603	the PaLPMO9H enzyme	585:603	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	8	65	theme	variable	1571:1578	arg1	polysaccharides					1580:1594	catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides	1551:1594	catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides	1551:1594	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	3	66	theme	cellulose	649:657	arg1	cleavage					637:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	615:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides	615:684	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	3	67	theme	oxidative	627:635	arg1	cleavage					637:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	615:644	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides	615:684	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	5	68	theme	ion	974:976	arg1	spectrometry					992:1003	ion mobility-mass spectrometry	974:1003	ion mobility-mass spectrometry	974:1003	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	3	69	theme	Podospora	565:573	arg1	anserina					575:582	Podospora anserina	565:582	Podospora anserina	565:582	Among the 33 AA9 LPMOs encoded by the genome of Podospora anserina, the PaLPMO9H enzyme catalyzes mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of cellulose and cello-oligosaccharides.
28293293	8	70	from	development	1608:1618	arg1	biorefineries					1653:1665	biorefineries	1653:1665	biorefineries	1653:1665	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	5	71	theme	mobility-mass	978:990	arg1	spectrometry					992:1003	ion mobility-mass spectrometry	974:1003	ion mobility-mass spectrometry	974:1003	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	1	72	theme	lytic	245:249	arg1	LPMO					282:285	LPMO	282:285	LPMO	282:285	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	1	72	theme	lytic	245:249	arg1	monooxygenases					266:279	lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	245:279	lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides	245:338	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	5	73	theme	mixed-linkage	889:901	arg1	glucomannan					927:937	glucomannan	927:937	glucomannan	927:937	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	5	73	theme	mixed-linkage	889:901	arg1	xyloglucan					912:921	xyloglucan	912:921	xyloglucan	912:921	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	5	73	theme	mixed-linkage	889:901	arg1	glucans					903:909	mixed-linkage glucans	889:909	mixed-linkage glucans	889:909	RESULTS In this study, we investigated the activity of PaLPMO9H on mixed-linkage glucans, xyloglucan and glucomannan using tandem mass spectrometry and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
28293293	8	74	theme	coprophilous	1526:1537	arg1	fungus					1539:1544	this coprophilous fungus	1521:1544	this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides	1521:1594	CONCLUSION The ability of PaLPMO9H to target polysaccharides, differing from cellulose by their linkages, glycosidic composition and/or presence of sidechains, could be advantageous for this coprophilous fungus when catabolizing highly variable polysaccharides and for the development of optimized enzyme cocktails in biorefineries.
28293293	6	75	theme	mixed	1135:1139	arg1	cleavage					1157:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	1135:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan	1135:1194	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	1	76	theme	enzymatic	154:162	arg1	conversion					164:173	The enzymatic conversion	150:173	The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass	150:190	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	1	77	theme	polysaccharide	251:264	arg1	LPMO					282:285	LPMO	282:285	LPMO	282:285	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	1	77	theme	polysaccharide	251:264	arg1	monooxygenases					266:279	lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	245:279	lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides	245:338	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
28293293	0	78	theme	oxidative	77:85	arg1	cleavage					87:94	oxidative cleavage	77:94	oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans	77:136	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	0	79	theme	anserina	14:21	arg1	PaLPMO9H					58:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H	0:65	The Podospora anserina lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase PaLPMO9H catalyzes oxidative cleavage of diverse plant cell wall matrix glycans.
28293293	6	80	theme	xyloglucan	1185:1194	arg1	cleavage					1157:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage	1135:1164	mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan	1135:1194	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	6	80	theme	xyloglucan	1185:1194	arg1	cleavage					1097:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage	1084:1104	C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans	1084:1129	Structural analysis of the released products revealed that PaLPMO9H catalyzes C4 oxidative cleavage of mixed-linkage glucans and mixed C1/C4 oxidative cleavage of glucomannan and xyloglucan.
28293293	1	81	theme	monooxygenases	266:279	arg1	discovery					232:240	the discovery	228:240	the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides	228:338	BACKGROUND The enzymatic conversion of plant biomass has been recently revolutionized by the discovery of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) that catalyze oxidative cleavage of polysaccharides.
29129632	0	0	theme	activity	92:99	arg1	characterization					11:26	characterization	11:26	characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites	11:57	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	0	0	theme	activity	92:99	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	0	0	theme	activity	92:99	arg1	evaluation					63:72	evaluation	63:72	evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans	63:135	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	2	1	theme	various	495:501	arg1	methods					516:522	various contemporary methods	495:522	various contemporary methods	495:522	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	6	2	theme	membrane	1307:1314	arg1	damage					1316:1321	the fungal cell membrane damage	1291:1321	the fungal cell membrane damage	1291:1321	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	1	3	theme	Candida	261:267	arg1	albicans					269:276	Candida albicans	261:276	Candida albicans	261:276	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	0	4	theme	antifungal	81:90	arg1	activity					92:99	its antifungal activity	77:99	its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans	77:135	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	3	5	theme	spherical	724:732	arg1	morphology					753:762	spherical shaped particulate morphology	724:762	spherical shaped particulate morphology	724:762	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	6	6	theme	cell	1302:1305	arg1	damage					1316:1321	the fungal cell membrane damage	1291:1321	the fungal cell membrane damage	1291:1321	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	4	7	theme	lower	840:844	arg1	wavelength					846:855	lower wavelength	840:855	lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs	840:869	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	8	8	theme	potential	1538:1546	arg1	effects					1530:1536	synergistic effects	1518:1536	synergistic effects potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications	1518:1592	It is expected that ZnO and chitosan complement each other and exhibit synergistic effects potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications.
29129632	0	9	theme	pathogenic	109:118	arg1	albicans					128:135	pathogenic Candida albicans	109:135	pathogenic Candida albicans	109:135	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	3	10	theme	shaped	734:739	arg1	morphology					753:762	spherical shaped particulate morphology	724:762	spherical shaped particulate morphology	724:762	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	6	11	theme	fungal	1295:1300	arg1	damage					1316:1321	the fungal cell membrane damage	1291:1321	the fungal cell membrane damage	1291:1321	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	7	12	theme	good	1394:1397	arg1	cytocompatibility					1399:1415	the good cytocompatibility	1390:1415	the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1390:1444	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	4	13	theme	optical	813:819	arg1	absorption					821:830	the optical absorption	809:830	the optical absorption	809:830	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	5	14	theme	ZnO-C	1031:1035	arg1	NCs					1037:1039	ZnO-C NCs	1031:1039	ZnO-C NCs	1031:1039	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	15	theme	ZnO-C	1130:1134	arg1	NCs					1136:1138	ZnO-C NCs	1130:1138	ZnO-C NCs	1130:1138	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	3	16	theme	characteristic	571:584	arg1	peaks					598:602	characteristic diffraction peaks	571:602	characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan	571:641	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	1	17	theme	human	282:286	arg1	type					299:302	human epithelial type 2	282:304	human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells	282:317	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	1	17	theme	human	282:286	arg1	HEp2					307:310	HEp2	307:310	HEp2	307:310	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	4	18	theme	UV-vis	765:770	arg1	spectra					783:789	UV-vis absorption spectra	765:789	UV-vis absorption spectra	765:789	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	1	19	theme	ZnO-chitosan	213:224	arg1	nanocomposites					226:239	ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites	213:239	ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs)	213:251	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	1	19	theme	ZnO-chitosan	213:224	arg1	NCs					248:250	ZnO-C NCs	242:250	ZnO-C NCs	242:250	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	3	20	theme	analysis	547:554	arg1	results					556:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results	525:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results	525:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	7	21	theme	HEp2	1368:1371	arg1	cells					1373:1377	HEp2 cells	1368:1377	HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1368:1444	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	1	22	theme	antifungal	173:182	arg1	activity					184:191	antifungal activity	173:191	antifungal activity	173:191	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	0	23	theme	Candida	120:126	arg1	albicans					128:135	pathogenic Candida albicans	109:135	pathogenic Candida albicans	109:135	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	4	24	theme	ZnO	888:890	arg1	NPs					907:909	NPs	907:909	NPs	907:909	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	4	24	theme	ZnO	888:890	arg1	nanoparticles					892:904	ZnO nanoparticles	888:904	ZnO nanoparticles (NPs)	888:910	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	5	25	theme	NPs	1023:1025	arg1	200μg/mL					1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	25	theme	NPs	1023:1025	arg1	concentration					1002:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration	979:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs	979:1039	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	2	26	theme	particle	382:389	arg1	size					391:394	particle size	382:394	particle size	382:394	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	2	27	theme	ZnO-C	449:453	arg1	NCs					455:457	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	433:457	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	433:457	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	8	28	theme	biomedical	1570:1579	arg1	applications					1581:1592	antimicrobial and biomedical applications	1552:1592	antimicrobial and biomedical applications	1552:1592	It is expected that ZnO and chitosan complement each other and exhibit synergistic effects potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications.
29129632	4	29	from	shift	800:804	arg1	absorption					821:830	the optical absorption	809:830	the optical absorption	809:830	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	7	30	theme	NCs	1442:1444	arg1	cytocompatibility					1399:1415	the good cytocompatibility	1390:1415	the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1390:1444	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	31	theme	NCs	1136:1138	arg1	potential					1117:1125	the greater therapeutic potential	1093:1125	the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs	1093:1138	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	2	32	theme	synthesized	437:447	arg1	NCs					455:457	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	433:457	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	433:457	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	1	33	theme	epithelial	288:297	arg1	type					299:302	human epithelial type 2	282:304	human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells	282:317	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	1	33	theme	epithelial	288:297	arg1	HEp2					307:310	HEp2	307:310	HEp2	307:310	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	6	34	theme	ZnO-C	1274:1278	arg1	NCs					1280:1282	ZnO-C NCs	1274:1282	ZnO-C NCs	1274:1282	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	6	35	from	change	1187:1192	arg1	morphology					1210:1219	the external morphology	1197:1219	the external morphology of C. albicans	1197:1234	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	5	36	theme	therapeutic	1105:1115	arg1	potential					1117:1125	the greater therapeutic potential	1093:1125	the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs	1093:1138	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	1	37	theme	type	299:302	arg1	cells					313:317	human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells	282:317	human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells	282:317	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	5	38	theme	NCs	1037:1039	arg1	200μg/mL					1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	38	theme	NCs	1037:1039	arg1	concentration					1002:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration	979:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs	979:1039	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	6	39	theme	substantial	1175:1185	arg1	change					1187:1192	the substantial change	1171:1192	the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans	1171:1234	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	3	40	theme	diffraction	586:596	arg1	peaks					598:602	characteristic diffraction peaks	571:602	characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan	571:641	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	7	41	theme	ZnO-C	1324:1328	arg1	NCs					1330:1332	ZnO-C NCs	1324:1332	ZnO-C NCs	1324:1332	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	6	42	theme	analysis	1147:1154	arg1	results					1156:1162	FESEM analysis results	1141:1162	FESEM analysis results	1141:1162	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	6	43	theme	C.	1224:1225	arg1	albicans					1227:1234	C. albicans	1224:1234	C. albicans	1224:1234	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	5	44	theme	ZnO	1019:1021	arg1	NPs					1023:1025	ZnO NPs	1019:1025	ZnO NPs	1019:1025	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	45	theme	greater	1097:1103	arg1	potential					1117:1125	the greater therapeutic potential	1093:1125	the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs	1093:1138	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	46	theme	inhibitory	991:1000	arg1	200μg/mL					1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	46	theme	inhibitory	991:1000	arg1	concentration					1002:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration	979:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs	979:1039	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	2	47	theme	absorption	408:417	arg1	properties					419:428	optical absorption properties	400:428	optical absorption properties	400:428	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	0	48	theme	nanocomposites	44:57	arg1	characterization					11:26	characterization	11:26	characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites	11:57	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	0	48	theme	nanocomposites	44:57	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	0	48	theme	nanocomposites	44:57	arg1	evaluation					63:72	evaluation	63:72	evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans	63:135	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	2	49	theme	optical	400:406	arg1	properties					419:428	optical absorption properties	400:428	optical absorption properties	400:428	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	5	50	theme	antifungal	917:926	arg1	results					937:943	The antifungal activity results	913:943	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans)	913:965	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	1	51	theme	nanocomposites	226:239	arg1	cytotoxicity					197:208	cytotoxicity	197:208	cytotoxicity	197:208	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	1	51	theme	nanocomposites	226:239	arg1	activity					184:191	antifungal activity	173:191	antifungal activity	173:191	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	0	52	theme	ZnO-chitosan	31:42	arg1	nanocomposites					44:57	ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites	31:57	ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites	31:57	Synthesis, characterization of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites and evaluation of its antifungal activity against pathogenic Candida albicans.
29129632	7	53	theme	synthesized	1424:1434	arg1	NCs					1442:1444	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1420:1444	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1420:1444	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	3	54	theme	electron	674:681	arg1	FESEM					695:699	FESEM	695:699	FESEM	695:699	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	3	54	theme	electron	674:681	arg1	microscopy					683:692	field-emission scanning electron microscopy	650:692	field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	650:700	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	5	55	theme	activity	928:935	arg1	results					937:943	The antifungal activity results	913:943	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans)	913:965	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	6	56	theme	ZnO	1262:1264	arg1	NPs					1266:1268	ZnO NPs	1262:1268	ZnO NPs	1262:1268	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	6	57	theme	FESEM	1141:1145	arg1	results					1156:1162	FESEM analysis results	1141:1162	FESEM analysis results	1141:1162	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	2	58	theme	crystalline	338:348	arg1	phase					350:354	The crystalline phase	334:354	The crystalline phase	334:354	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	2	59	theme	NCs	455:457	arg1	composition					369:379	composition	369:379	composition	369:379	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	2	59	theme	NCs	455:457	arg1	size					391:394	particle size	382:394	particle size	382:394	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	2	59	theme	NCs	455:457	arg1	morphology					357:366	morphology	357:366	morphology	357:366	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	2	59	theme	NCs	455:457	arg1	phase					350:354	The crystalline phase	334:354	The crystalline phase	334:354	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	2	59	theme	NCs	455:457	arg1	properties					419:428	optical absorption properties	400:428	optical absorption properties	400:428	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	8	60	theme	antimicrobial	1552:1564	arg1	applications					1581:1592	antimicrobial and biomedical applications	1552:1592	antimicrobial and biomedical applications	1552:1592	It is expected that ZnO and chitosan complement each other and exhibit synergistic effects potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications.
29129632	7	61	theme	lower	1344:1348	arg1	cytotoxicity					1350:1361	lower cytotoxicity	1344:1361	lower cytotoxicity	1344:1361	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	1	62	dep	activity	184:191	arg1	the					169:171	the	169:171	the	169:171	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	6	63	with	treatment	1242:1250	arg1	NPs					1266:1268	ZnO NPs	1262:1268	ZnO NPs	1262:1268	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	6	63	with	treatment	1242:1250	arg1	NCs					1280:1282	ZnO-C NCs	1274:1282	ZnO-C NCs	1274:1282	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	3	64	theme	field-emission	650:663	arg1	FESEM					695:699	FESEM	695:699	FESEM	695:699	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	3	64	theme	field-emission	650:663	arg1	microscopy					683:692	field-emission scanning electron microscopy	650:692	field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	650:700	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	5	65	theme	minimum	983:989	arg1	200μg/mL					1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	200μg/mL	1046:1053	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	5	65	theme	minimum	983:989	arg1	concentration					1002:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration	979:1014	the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs	979:1039	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	1	66	theme	ZnO-C	242:246	arg1	nanocomposites					226:239	ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites	213:239	ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs)	213:251	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	1	66	theme	ZnO-C	242:246	arg1	NCs					248:250	ZnO-C NCs	242:250	ZnO-C NCs	242:250	In this study, we investigated the antifungal activity and cytotoxicity of ZnO-chitosan nanocomposites (ZnO-C NCs) against Candida albicans and human epithelial type 2 (HEp2) cells, respectively.
29129632	6	67	theme	external	1201:1208	arg1	morphology					1210:1219	the external morphology	1197:1219	the external morphology of C. albicans	1197:1234	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	5	68	theme	C.	954:955	arg1	albicans					957:964	C. albicans	954:964	C. albicans	954:964	The antifungal activity results (against C. albicans) showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs were 200μg/mL and 75μg/mL, respectively, suggesting the greater therapeutic potential of ZnO-C NCs.
29129632	3	69	theme	scanning	665:672	arg1	FESEM					695:699	FESEM	695:699	FESEM	695:699	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	3	69	theme	scanning	665:672	arg1	microscopy					683:692	field-emission scanning electron microscopy	650:692	field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	650:700	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	8	70	theme	synergistic	1518:1528	arg1	effects					1530:1536	synergistic effects	1518:1536	synergistic effects potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications	1518:1592	It is expected that ZnO and chitosan complement each other and exhibit synergistic effects potential for antimicrobial and biomedical applications.
29129632	4	71	theme	absorption	772:781	arg1	spectra					783:789	UV-vis absorption spectra	765:789	UV-vis absorption spectra	765:789	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	4	72	theme	ZnO-C	861:865	arg1	NCs					867:869	ZnO-C NCs	861:869	ZnO-C NCs	861:869	UV-vis absorption spectra showed a shift in the optical absorption towards lower wavelength for ZnO-C NCs when compared to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs).
29129632	3	73	theme	X-ray	529:533	arg1	diffraction					535:545	X-ray diffraction	529:545	The X-ray diffraction analysis results	525:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	2	74	theme	contemporary	503:514	arg1	methods					516:522	various contemporary methods	495:522	various contemporary methods	495:522	The crystalline phase, morphology, composition, particle size and optical absorption properties of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs were systematically investigated by various contemporary methods.
29129632	3	75	theme	particulate	741:751	arg1	morphology					753:762	spherical shaped particulate morphology	724:762	spherical shaped particulate morphology	724:762	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	6	76	theme	albicans	1227:1234	arg1	morphology					1210:1219	the external morphology	1197:1219	the external morphology of C. albicans	1197:1234	FESEM analysis results showed the substantial change in the external morphology of C. albicans after treatment with both ZnO NPs and ZnO-C NCs due to the fungal cell membrane damage.
29129632	3	77	theme	morphology	753:762	arg1	clusters					712:719	clusters	712:719	clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology	712:762	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	3	78	theme	diffraction	535:545	arg1	results					556:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results	525:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results	525:562	The X-ray diffraction analysis results showed characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and chitosan, while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) displayed clusters of spherical shaped particulate morphology.
29129632	7	79	theme	ZnO-C	1436:1440	arg1	NCs					1442:1444	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1420:1444	the synthesized ZnO-C NCs	1420:1444	ZnO-C NCs displayed lower cytotoxicity with HEp2 cells indicating the good cytocompatibility of the synthesized ZnO-C NCs.
28126645	4	0	from	model	842:846	arg1	films					861:865	the oxide films	851:865	the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	851:912	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	2	1	theme	hyaluronic	566:575	arg1	acid					577:580	0.3% hyaluronic acid	561:580	0.3% hyaluronic acid	561:580	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	1	2	theme	physiological	142:154	arg1	medium					156:161	the physiological medium	138:161	the physiological medium	138:161	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	3	3	from	surface	653:659	arg1	film					674:677	the oxide film	664:677	the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	664:704	Nanopores of 10-50nm diameter are homogeneously distributed along the surface in the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	2	4	theme	%	564:564	arg1	acid					577:580	0.3% hyaluronic acid	561:580	0.3% hyaluronic acid	561:580	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	1	5	theme	medium	156:161	arg1	interaction					123:133	The interaction	119:133	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments	119:233	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	6	theme	oxide	345:349	arg1	film					351:354	the oxide film	341:354	the oxide film	341:354	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	2	7	theme	0.3	561:563	arg1	%					564:564	%	564:564	%	564:564	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	0	8	theme	CoCr	77:80	arg1	alloy					82:86	CoCr alloy	77:86	CoCr alloy	77:86	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	1	9	theme	film	351:354	arg1	thickness					328:336	thickness	328:336	thickness	328:336	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	9	theme	film	351:354	arg1	structure					314:322	structure	314:322	structure	314:322	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	9	theme	film	351:354	arg1	composition					301:311	the chemical composition	288:311	the chemical composition	288:311	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	0	10	theme	biological	94:103	arg1	environments					105:116	biological environments	94:116	biological environments	94:116	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	5	11	theme	surface	1013:1019	arg1	inhomogeneities					1021:1035	surface inhomogeneities	1013:1035	surface inhomogeneities	1013:1035	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	2	12	theme	CoCr	392:395	arg1	alloys					397:402	CoCr alloys	392:402	CoCr alloys	392:402	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	4	13	theme	Constant	731:738	arg1	Element					746:752	the Constant Phase Element	727:752	the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	727:808	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	5	14	from	noticeable	944:953	arg1	films					964:968	oxide films	958:968	oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	958:994	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	1	15	with	interaction	123:133	arg1	surfaces					199:206	the implant surfaces	187:206	the implant surfaces in biological environments	187:233	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	16	theme	living	167:172	arg1	tissues					174:180	living tissues	167:180	living tissues	167:180	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	5	17	theme	film	1115:1118	arg1	growth					1095:1100	the potentiostatic growth	1076:1100	the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film	1076:1118	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	1	18	from	changes	277:283	arg1	thickness					328:336	thickness	328:336	thickness	328:336	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	18	from	changes	277:283	arg1	structure					314:322	structure	314:322	structure	314:322	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	18	from	changes	277:283	arg1	composition					301:311	the chemical composition	288:311	the chemical composition	288:311	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	1	19	theme	tissues	174:180	arg1	interaction					123:133	The interaction	119:133	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments	119:233	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	4	20	dep	three-dimensional	819:835	arg1	3D					838:839	3D	838:839	3D	838:839	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	4	21	theme	three-dimensional	819:835	arg1	model					842:846	a three-dimensional (3D) model	817:846	a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	817:912	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	5	22	from	films	964:968	arg1	noticeable					944:953	noticeable	944:953	noticeable	944:953	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	0	23	theme	overall	9:15	arg1	responses					43:51	overall and local electrochemical responses	9:51	overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments	9:116	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	5	24	theme	oxide	1109:1113	arg1	film					1115:1118	the oxide film	1105:1118	the oxide film	1105:1118	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	1	25	theme	implant	191:197	arg1	surfaces					199:206	the implant surfaces	187:206	the implant surfaces in biological environments	187:233	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	0	26	theme	electrochemical	27:41	arg1	responses					43:51	overall and local electrochemical responses	9:51	overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments	9:116	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	1	27	theme	chemical	292:299	arg1	composition					301:311	the chemical composition	288:311	the chemical composition	288:311	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	2	28	theme	electrochemical	499:513	arg1	techniques					515:524	overall and localized electrochemical techniques	477:524	overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid	477:580	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	4	29	theme	electrochemical	771:785	arg1	spectroscopy					797:808	local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	765:808	local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	765:808	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	0	30	theme	local	21:25	arg1	responses					43:51	overall and local electrochemical responses	9:51	overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments	9:116	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	2	31	theme	localized	489:497	arg1	techniques					515:524	overall and localized electrochemical techniques	477:524	overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid	477:580	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	3	32	theme	10-50nm	596:602	arg1	diameter					604:611	10-50nm diameter	596:611	10-50nm diameter	596:611	Nanopores of 10-50nm diameter are homogeneously distributed along the surface in the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	4	33	theme	local	765:769	arg1	spectroscopy					797:808	local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	765:808	local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	765:808	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	1	34	from	surfaces	199:206	arg1	environments					222:233	biological environments	211:233	biological environments	211:233	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	5	35	theme	resistive	1042:1050	arg1	properties					1052:1061	resistive properties	1042:1061	resistive properties	1042:1061	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	4	36	theme	oxide	855:859	arg1	films					861:865	the oxide films	851:865	the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	851:912	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	3	37	theme	diameter	604:611	arg1	Nanopores					583:591	Nanopores	583:591	Nanopores of 10-50nm diameter	583:611	Nanopores of 10-50nm diameter are homogeneously distributed along the surface in the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	0	38	theme	responses	43:51	arg1	Study					0:4	Study	0:4	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.	0:117	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	5	39	theme	potentiostatic	1080:1093	arg1	growth					1095:1100	the potentiostatic growth	1076:1100	the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film	1076:1118	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	2	40	theme	buffer	541:546	arg1	solution					548:555	a phosphate buffer solution	529:555	a phosphate buffer solution	529:555	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	4	41	theme	impedance	787:795	arg1	spectroscopy					797:808	local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	765:808	local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	765:808	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	2	42	theme	phosphate	531:539	arg1	solution					548:555	a phosphate buffer solution	529:555	a phosphate buffer solution	529:555	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	4	43	theme	Element	746:752	arg1	distribution					711:722	The distribution	707:722	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	707:808	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	5	44	theme	oxide	958:962	arg1	films					964:968	oxide films	958:968	oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	958:994	This behaviour is especially noticeable in oxide films grown at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl, probably due to surface inhomogeneities, and resistive properties generated by the potentiostatic growth of the oxide film.
28126645	1	45	theme	biological	211:220	arg1	environments					222:233	biological environments	211:233	biological environments	211:233	The interaction of the physiological medium and living tissues with the implant surfaces in biological environments is regulated by biopotentials that induce changes in the chemical composition, structure and thickness of the oxide film.
28126645	4	46	theme	Phase	740:744	arg1	Element					746:752	the Constant Phase Element	727:752	the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	727:808	The distribution of the Constant Phase Element studied by local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a three-dimensional (3D) model on the oxide films grown at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	0	47	theme	films	62:66	arg1	responses					43:51	overall and local electrochemical responses	9:51	overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments	9:116	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	2	48	theme	oxide	371:375	arg1	films					377:381	oxide films	371:381	oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	371:443	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	0	49	theme	oxide	56:60	arg1	films					62:66	oxide films	56:66	oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments	56:116	Study of overall and local electrochemical responses of oxide films grown on CoCr alloy under biological environments.
28126645	3	50	theme	oxide	668:672	arg1	film					674:677	the oxide film	664:677	the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl	664:704	Nanopores of 10-50nm diameter are homogeneously distributed along the surface in the oxide film formed at 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl.
28126645	2	51	from	techniques	515:524	arg1	acid					577:580	0.3% hyaluronic acid	561:580	0.3% hyaluronic acid	561:580	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	2	51	from	techniques	515:524	arg1	solution					548:555	a phosphate buffer solution	529:555	a phosphate buffer solution	529:555	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
28126645	2	52	theme	overall	477:483	arg1	techniques					515:524	overall and localized electrochemical techniques	477:524	overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid	477:580	In this work, oxide films grown on CoCr alloys at 0.5 V vs Ag/AgCl and 0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl have been characterized through overall and localized electrochemical techniques in a phosphate buffer solution and 0.3% hyaluronic acid.
26952403	8	0	theme	thin	1044:1047	arg1	film					1049:1052	a thin film	1042:1052	a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH)	1042:1099	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes were further covered by a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH).
26952403	1	1	theme	implant	170:176	arg1	failure					178:184	orthopaedic implant failure	158:184	orthopaedic implant failure	158:184	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	10	2	theme	bacterial	1254:1262	arg1	adherence					1264:1272	initial bacterial adherence	1246:1272	initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties	1246:1317	Moreover, such a film was shown to not only inhibit initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties but also enhance cell viability.
26952403	1	3	theme	failure	178:184	arg1	cause					149:153	the main cause	140:153	the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure	140:184	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	1	3	theme	failure	178:184	arg1	infections					105:114	Bacterial infections	95:114	Bacterial infections	95:114	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	10	4	theme	antibacterial	1294:1306	arg1	properties					1308:1317	its strong antibacterial properties	1283:1317	its strong antibacterial properties	1283:1317	Moreover, such a film was shown to not only inhibit initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties but also enhance cell viability.
26952403	10	5	theme	initial	1246:1252	arg1	adherence					1264:1272	initial bacterial adherence	1246:1272	initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties	1246:1317	Moreover, such a film was shown to not only inhibit initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties but also enhance cell viability.
26952403	4	6	theme	certain	544:550	arg1	extent					552:557	a certain extent	542:557	a certain extent	542:557	Although sealing the nanotubes with a polymer solution provides sustained release effects to a certain extent, it inevitably influences their initial antibacterial activity.
26952403	6	7	theme	physical	885:892	arg1	adsorption					894:903	physical adsorption	885:903	physical adsorption	885:903	Titania nanotubes were fabricated via electrochemical anodization and loaded with GS through physical adsorption.
26952403	2	8	theme	promising	308:316	arg1	strategies					318:327	the most promising strategies	299:327	the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections	299:364	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	10	9	theme	strong	1287:1292	arg1	properties					1308:1317	its strong antibacterial properties	1283:1317	its strong antibacterial properties	1283:1317	Moreover, such a film was shown to not only inhibit initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties but also enhance cell viability.
26952403	11	10	theme	peri-implant	1482:1493	arg1	infection					1495:1503	peri-implant infection	1482:1503	peri-implant infection	1482:1503	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	4	11	theme	sustained	513:521	arg1	effects					531:537	sustained release effects	513:537	sustained release effects	513:537	Although sealing the nanotubes with a polymer solution provides sustained release effects to a certain extent, it inevitably influences their initial antibacterial activity.
26952403	5	12	theme	titania	701:707	arg1	surfaces					718:725	titania nanotube surfaces	701:725	titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected	701:789	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	5	13	theme	controlled	649:658	arg1	release					660:666	the controlled release	645:666	the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected	645:789	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	7	14	theme	loading	944:950	arg1	method					952:957	this loading method	939:957	this loading method	939:957	Experimental results showed that this loading method is feasible and efficient.
26952403	11	15	theme	initial	1462:1468	arg1	release					1470:1476	initial release	1462:1476	initial release	1462:1476	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	9	16	theme	drug	1142:1145	arg1	release					1147:1153	the drug release	1138:1153	the drug release	1138:1153	The release kinetics confirmed that the drug release could be controlled by this thin film.
26952403	5	17	theme	gentamicin	671:680	arg1	sulphate					682:689	gentamicin sulphate	671:689	gentamicin sulphate (GS)	671:694	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	5	17	theme	gentamicin	671:680	arg1	GS					692:693	GS	692:693	GS	692:693	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	1	18	theme	Bacterial	95:103	arg1	cause					149:153	the main cause	140:153	the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure	140:184	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	1	18	theme	Bacterial	95:103	arg1	infections					105:114	Bacterial infections	95:114	Bacterial infections	95:114	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	8	19	theme	GS-loaded	990:998	arg1	nanotubes					1008:1016	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes	986:1016	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes	986:1016	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes were further covered by a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH).
26952403	0	20	theme	release	11:17	arg1	behaviour					19:27	Controlled release behaviour	0:27	Controlled release behaviour	0:27	Controlled release behaviour and antibacterial effects of antibiotic-loaded titania nanotubes.
26952403	4	21	theme	release	523:529	arg1	effects					531:537	sustained release effects	513:537	sustained release effects	513:537	Although sealing the nanotubes with a polymer solution provides sustained release effects to a certain extent, it inevitably influences their initial antibacterial activity.
26952403	5	22	theme	sulphate	682:689	arg1	release					660:666	the controlled release	645:666	the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected	645:789	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	8	23	theme	GS	1078:1079	arg1	mixture					1067:1073	a mixture	1065:1073	a mixture of GS	1065:1079	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes were further covered by a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH).
26952403	8	23	theme	GS	1078:1079	arg1	GSCH					1095:1098	GSCH	1095:1098	GSCH	1095:1098	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes were further covered by a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH).
26952403	8	23	theme	GS	1078:1079	arg1	chitosan					1085:1092	chitosan	1085:1092	chitosan (GSCH)	1085:1099	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes were further covered by a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH).
26952403	2	24	theme	bacterial	345:353	arg1	infections					355:364	suppressing bacterial infections	333:364	suppressing bacterial infections	333:364	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	0	25	theme	Controlled	0:9	arg1	behaviour					19:27	Controlled release behaviour	0:27	Controlled release behaviour	0:27	Controlled release behaviour and antibacterial effects of antibiotic-loaded titania nanotubes.
26952403	4	26	theme	initial	591:597	arg1	activity					613:620	their initial antibacterial activity	585:620	their initial antibacterial activity	585:620	Although sealing the nanotubes with a polymer solution provides sustained release effects to a certain extent, it inevitably influences their initial antibacterial activity.
26952403	2	27	theme	suppressing	333:343	arg1	infections					355:364	suppressing bacterial infections	333:364	suppressing bacterial infections	333:364	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	11	28	theme	titania	1368:1374	arg1	nanotubes					1376:1384	GS-loaded titania nanotubes	1358:1384	GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH	1358:1401	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	10	29	theme	cell	1336:1339	arg1	viability					1341:1349	cell viability	1336:1349	cell viability	1336:1349	Moreover, such a film was shown to not only inhibit initial bacterial adherence owing to its strong antibacterial properties but also enhance cell viability.
26952403	5	30	theme	initial	741:747	arg1	activity					763:770	their initial antibacterial activity	735:770	their initial antibacterial activity	735:770	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	11	31	theme	orthopaedics	1521:1532	arg1	field					1512:1516	the field	1508:1516	the field of orthopaedics	1508:1532	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	5	32	theme	antibacterial	749:761	arg1	activity					763:770	their initial antibacterial activity	735:770	their initial antibacterial activity	735:770	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	2	33	theme	strategies	318:327	arg1	strategies					318:327	the most promising strategies	299:327	the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections	299:364	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	2	33	theme	strategies	318:327	arg1	one					292:294	one	292:294	one	292:294	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	8	34	theme	titania	1000:1006	arg1	nanotubes					1008:1016	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes	986:1016	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes	986:1016	The GS-loaded titania nanotubes were further covered by a thin film comprising a mixture of GS and chitosan (GSCH).
26952403	3	35	theme	nanotubes	438:446	arg1	behaviour					420:428	the drug-release behaviour	403:428	the drug-release behaviour of such nanotubes	403:446	However, it is difficult to control the drug-release behaviour of such nanotubes.
26952403	4	36	theme	antibacterial	599:611	arg1	activity					613:620	their initial antibacterial activity	585:620	their initial antibacterial activity	585:620	Although sealing the nanotubes with a polymer solution provides sustained release effects to a certain extent, it inevitably influences their initial antibacterial activity.
26952403	11	37	contain	have	1403:1406	arg2	potential					1421:1429	considerable potential	1408:1429	considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics	1408:1532	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	11	37	contain	have	1403:1406	arg1	nanotubes					1376:1384	GS-loaded titania nanotubes	1358:1384	GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH	1358:1401	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	7	38	theme	Experimental	906:917	arg1	results					919:925	Experimental results	906:925	Experimental results	906:925	Experimental results showed that this loading method is feasible and efficient.
26952403	0	39	theme	antibacterial	33:45	arg1	effects					47:53	antibacterial effects	33:53	antibacterial effects	33:53	Controlled release behaviour and antibacterial effects of antibiotic-loaded titania nanotubes.
26952403	6	40	theme	electrochemical	830:844	arg1	anodization					846:856	electrochemical anodization	830:856	electrochemical anodization	830:856	Titania nanotubes were fabricated via electrochemical anodization and loaded with GS through physical adsorption.
26952403	0	41	theme	antibiotic-loaded	58:74	arg1	titania					76:82	antibiotic-loaded titania	58:82	antibiotic-loaded titania	58:82	Controlled release behaviour and antibacterial effects of antibiotic-loaded titania nanotubes.
26952403	5	42	theme	nanotube	709:716	arg1	surfaces					718:725	titania nanotube surfaces	701:725	titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected	701:789	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26952403	4	43	theme	polymer	487:493	arg1	solution					495:502	a polymer solution	485:502	a polymer solution	485:502	Although sealing the nanotubes with a polymer solution provides sustained release effects to a certain extent, it inevitably influences their initial antibacterial activity.
26952403	2	44	theme	titania	239:245	arg1	nanotubes					247:255	titania nanotubes	239:255	titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics	239:279	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	3	45	theme	such	433:436	arg1	nanotubes					438:446	such nanotubes	433:446	such nanotubes	433:446	However, it is difficult to control the drug-release behaviour of such nanotubes.
26952403	11	46	theme	GS-loaded	1358:1366	arg1	nanotubes					1376:1384	GS-loaded titania nanotubes	1358:1384	GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH	1358:1401	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	2	47	theme	delivery	218:225	arg1	efficiency					227:236	their high antibiotic delivery efficiency	196:236	their high antibiotic delivery efficiency	196:236	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	1	48	theme	main	144:147	arg1	cause					149:153	the main cause	140:153	the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure	140:184	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	1	48	theme	main	144:147	arg1	infections					105:114	Bacterial infections	95:114	Bacterial infections	95:114	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	11	49	theme	considerable	1408:1419	arg1	potential					1421:1429	considerable potential	1408:1429	considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics	1408:1532	Thus, GS-loaded titania nanotubes coated with GSCH have considerable potential as biomaterials for preventing initial release and peri-implant infection in the field of orthopaedics.
26952403	2	50	theme	antibiotic	207:216	arg1	efficiency					227:236	their high antibiotic delivery efficiency	196:236	their high antibiotic delivery efficiency	196:236	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	9	51	theme	thin	1183:1186	arg1	film					1188:1191	this thin film	1178:1191	this thin film	1178:1191	The release kinetics confirmed that the drug release could be controlled by this thin film.
26952403	1	52	theme	orthopaedic	158:168	arg1	failure					178:184	orthopaedic implant failure	158:184	orthopaedic implant failure	158:184	Bacterial infections have been identified as the main cause of orthopaedic implant failure.
26952403	2	53	theme	high	202:205	arg1	efficiency					227:236	their high antibiotic delivery efficiency	196:236	their high antibiotic delivery efficiency	196:236	Owing to their high antibiotic delivery efficiency, titania nanotubes loaded with antibiotics constitute one of the most promising strategies for suppressing bacterial infections.
26952403	6	54	theme	Titania	792:798	arg1	nanotubes					800:808	Titania nanotubes	792:808	Titania nanotubes	792:808	Titania nanotubes were fabricated via electrochemical anodization and loaded with GS through physical adsorption.
26952403	0	55	theme	titania	76:82	arg1	behaviour					19:27	Controlled release behaviour	0:27	Controlled release behaviour	0:27	Controlled release behaviour and antibacterial effects of antibiotic-loaded titania nanotubes.
26952403	0	55	theme	titania	76:82	arg1	effects					47:53	antibacterial effects	33:53	antibacterial effects	33:53	Controlled release behaviour and antibacterial effects of antibiotic-loaded titania nanotubes.
26952403	3	56	theme	drug-release	407:418	arg1	behaviour					420:428	the drug-release behaviour	403:428	the drug-release behaviour of such nanotubes	403:446	However, it is difficult to control the drug-release behaviour of such nanotubes.
26952403	9	57	theme	release	1106:1112	arg1	kinetics					1114:1121	The release kinetics	1102:1121	The release kinetics	1102:1121	The release kinetics confirmed that the drug release could be controlled by this thin film.
26952403	5	58	from	surfaces	718:725	arg1	release					660:666	the controlled release	645:666	the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected	645:789	This study reports on the controlled release of gentamicin sulphate (GS) from titania nanotube surfaces whereby their initial antibacterial activity remains unaffected.
26317326	0	0	theme	Guided	127:132	arg1	Regeneration					146:157	Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration	127:157	Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration	127:157	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	4	1	theme	bioactive	1063:1071	arg1	membranes					1210:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	1	theme	bioactive	1063:1071	arg1	membranes					1082:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes	1049:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1049:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	2	2	theme	CS	433:434	arg1	membranes					436:444	CS membranes	433:444	CS membranes	433:444	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	3	3	theme	cell	919:922	arg1	proliferation					924:936	cell proliferation	919:936	cell proliferation	919:936	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	4	4	theme	developed	1053:1061	arg1	membranes					1210:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	4	theme	developed	1053:1061	arg1	membranes					1082:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes	1049:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1049:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	3	5	theme	physicochemical	712:726	arg1	properties					728:737	different physicochemical properties	702:737	different physicochemical properties	702:737	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	6	theme	guided	344:349	arg1	GTR/GBR					377:383	GTR/GBR	377:383	GTR/GBR	377:383	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	6	theme	guided	344:349	arg1	regeneration					363:374	guided tissue/bone regeneration	344:374	guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR)	344:384	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	4	7	theme	promising	1190:1198	arg1	membranes					1210:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	7	theme	promising	1190:1198	arg1	membranes					1082:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes	1049:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1049:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	3	8	theme	sustained	759:767	arg1	manner					769:774	a controlled and sustained manner	742:774	a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes	742:1035	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	9	theme	tissue/bone	351:361	arg1	GTR/GBR					377:383	GTR/GBR	377:383	GTR/GBR	377:383	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	9	theme	tissue/bone	351:361	arg1	regeneration					363:374	guided tissue/bone regeneration	344:374	guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR)	344:384	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	0	10	theme	Tissue/Bone	134:144	arg1	Regeneration					146:157	Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration	127:157	Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration	127:157	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	2	11	theme	MS	425:426	arg1	incorporation					391:403	The incorporation	387:403	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes	387:444	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	4	12	dep	antibacterial	1124:1136	arg1	drugs					1159:1163	drugs	1159:1163	drugs	1159:1163	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	12	dep	antibacterial	1124:1136	arg1	e.g.					1118:1121	e.g.	1118:1121	e.g.	1118:1121	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	3	13	theme	CS	603:604	arg1	membranes					606:614	the CS membranes	599:614	the CS membranes	599:614	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	14	theme	CS-BG-MS	992:999	arg1	membranes					1001:1009	CS-BG-MS membranes	992:1009	CS-BG-MS membranes	992:1009	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	4	15	theme	multidrug	1107:1115	arg1	capability					1175:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	0	16	theme	Chitosan-45S5	16:28	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	3	17	theme	PHBV	797:800	arg1	addition					785:792	the addition	781:792	the addition of PHBV	781:800	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	2	18	theme	45S5	408:411	arg1	BG					413:414	45S5 BG	408:414	45S5 BG	408:414	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	3	19	theme	Cell	806:809	arg1	tests					819:823	Cell culture tests	806:823	Cell culture tests	806:823	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	0	20	theme	Multifunctional	0:14	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	4	21	theme	potential	1097:1105	arg1	capability					1175:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	22	theme	candidate	1200:1208	arg1	membranes					1210:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	22	theme	candidate	1200:1208	arg1	membranes					1082:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes	1049:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1049:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	0	23	theme	Glass-Poly	40:49	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	4	24	with	membranes	1082:1090	arg1	capability					1175:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	0	25	dep	Membranes	113:121	arg1	Regeneration					146:157	Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration	127:157	Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration	127:157	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	3	26	theme	neat	1019:1022	arg1	membranes					1027:1035	neat CS membranes	1019:1035	neat CS membranes	1019:1035	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	0	27	theme	Bioactive	30:38	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	3	28	theme	culture	811:817	arg1	tests					819:823	Cell culture tests	806:823	Cell culture tests	806:823	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	29	theme	properties	728:737	arg1	drugs					693:697	drugs	693:697	drugs of different physicochemical properties	693:737	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	30	theme	Novel	160:164	arg1	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate					217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	30	theme	Novel	160:164	arg1	glass-poly					206:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly	160:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)	160:255	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	2	31	theme	surface	493:499	arg1	roughness					501:509	favorable surface roughness	483:509	favorable surface roughness	483:509	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	0	32	theme	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	51:88	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	2	33	theme	PHBV	420:423	arg1	MS					425:426	PHBV MS	420:426	PHBV MS	420:426	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	2	34	theme	favorable	483:491	arg1	roughness					501:509	favorable surface roughness	483:509	favorable surface roughness	483:509	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	1	35	theme	composite	287:295	arg1	membranes					297:305	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes	160:305	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes	160:305	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	4	36	theme	GTR/GBR	1224:1230	arg1	applications					1232:1243	GTR/GBR applications	1224:1243	GTR/GBR applications	1224:1243	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	3	37	theme	human	859:863	arg1	cells					878:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	4	38	theme	CS-BG-MS	1073:1080	arg1	membranes					1210:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	promising candidate membranes	1190:1218	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	4	38	theme	CS-BG-MS	1073:1080	arg1	membranes					1082:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes	1049:1090	the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1049:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	3	39	theme	different	702:710	arg1	properties					728:737	different physicochemical properties	702:737	different physicochemical properties	702:737	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	40	theme	capable	672:678	arg1	incorporation					643:655	the incorporation	639:655	the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes	639:1035	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	0	41	theme	Microsphere	91:101	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	3	42	theme	osteosarcoma	865:876	arg1	cells					878:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	0	43	theme	Composite	103:111	arg1	Membranes					113:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes	0:121	Multifunctional Chitosan-45S5 Bioactive Glass-Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Microsphere Composite Membranes for Guided Tissue/Bone Regeneration.
26317326	3	44	theme	45S5	660:663	arg1	BG					665:666	45S5 BG	660:666	45S5 BG	660:666	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	45	theme	multifunctional	166:180	arg1	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate					217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	45	theme	multifunctional	166:180	arg1	glass-poly					206:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly	160:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)	160:255	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	3	46	theme	osteoblast-like	837:851	arg1	cells					878:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	47	from	applicability	327:339	arg1	GTR/GBR					377:383	GTR/GBR	377:383	GTR/GBR	377:383	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	47	from	applicability	327:339	arg1	regeneration					363:374	guided tissue/bone regeneration	344:374	guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR)	344:384	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	4	48	theme	delivery	1166:1173	arg1	capability					1175:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability	1097:1184	Therefore, the developed bioactive CS-BG-MS membranes with potential multidrug (e.g., antibacterial and antiosteoporosis drugs) delivery capability are promising candidate membranes for GTR/GBR applications.
26317326	3	49	theme	BG	665:666	arg1	incorporation					643:655	the incorporation	639:655	the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes	639:1035	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	50	theme	CS	1024:1025	arg1	membranes					1027:1035	neat CS membranes	1019:1035	neat CS membranes	1019:1035	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	51	theme	chitosan-45S5	182:194	arg1	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate					217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	51	theme	chitosan-45S5	182:194	arg1	glass-poly					206:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly	160:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)	160:255	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	3	52	theme	alkaline	943:950	arg1	ALP					965:967	ALP	965:967	ALP	965:967	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	52	theme	alkaline	943:950	arg1	phosphatase					952:962	alkaline phosphatase	943:962	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	943:977	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	53	theme	MG-63	853:857	arg1	cells					878:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	54	contain	had	884:886	arg2	proliferation					924:936	cell proliferation	919:936	cell proliferation	919:936	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	54	contain	had	884:886	arg2	activity					970:977	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	943:977	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	943:977	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	54	contain	had	884:886	arg1	cells					878:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells	837:882	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	54	contain	had	884:886	arg2	adhesion					909:916	significantly higher adhesion	888:916	significantly higher adhesion	888:916	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	1	55	dep	composite	287:295	arg1	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate					217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	55	dep	composite	287:295	arg1	glass-poly					206:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly	160:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)	160:255	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	56	theme	bioactive	196:204	arg1	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate					217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	217:254	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	1	56	theme	bioactive	196:204	arg1	glass-poly					206:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly	160:215	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)	160:255	Novel multifunctional chitosan-45S5 bioactive glass-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) microsphere (CS-BG-MS) composite membranes were developed with applicability in guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR).
26317326	3	57	theme	phosphatase	952:962	arg1	activity					970:977	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	943:977	alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity	943:977	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	2	58	theme	BG	413:414	arg1	incorporation					391:403	The incorporation	387:403	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes	387:444	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	3	59	theme	higher	902:907	arg1	adhesion					909:916	significantly higher adhesion	888:916	significantly higher adhesion	888:916	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	3	60	theme	controlled	744:753	arg1	manner					769:774	a controlled and sustained manner	742:774	a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes	742:1035	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
26317326	2	61	theme	degradation	571:581	arg1	rate					583:586	their degradation rate	565:586	their degradation rate	565:586	The incorporation of 45S5 BG and PHBV MS into CS membranes not only provided the membranes with favorable surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and flexibility but also slowed down their degradation rate.
26317326	3	62	with	manner	769:774	arg1	addition					785:792	the addition	781:792	the addition of PHBV	781:800	Moreover, the CS membranes became bioactive after the incorporation of 45S5 BG and capable of releasing drugs of different physicochemical properties in a controlled and sustained manner with the addition of PHBV MS. Cell culture tests showed that osteoblast-like MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells had significantly higher adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on CS-BG and CS-BG-MS membranes than on neat CS membranes.
27325550	0	0	theme	tubular	105:111	arg1	implants					113:120	tubular implants	105:120	tubular implants	105:120	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	5	1	dep	in	742:743	arg1	vivo					745:748	vivo	745:748	vivo	745:748	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	5	2	theme	in	683:684	arg1	studies					704:710	in vitro degradation studies	683:710	in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time	683:789	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	9	3	theme	inflammation	1266:1277	arg1	symptoms					1248:1255	No symptoms	1245:1255	No symptoms of acute inflammation	1245:1277	No symptoms of acute inflammation are noticed at any point in time.
27325550	4	4	theme	hippocampal	563:573	arg1	mHippoE-18					586:595	mHippoE-18	586:595	mHippoE-18	586:595	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	4	4	theme	hippocampal	563:573	arg1	line					580:583	mouse hippocampal cell line	557:583	a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18)	555:596	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	4	5	theme	in	482:483	arg1	biocompatibility					491:506	The in vitro biocompatibility	478:506	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures	478:535	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	5	6	theme	significant	630:640	arg1	cytotoxicity					642:653	significant cytotoxicity	630:653	significant cytotoxicity	630:653	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	5	7	theme	specified	765:773	arg1	periods					775:781	specified periods	765:781	specified periods of time	765:789	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	4	8	theme	mouse	557:561	arg1	mHippoE-18					586:595	mHippoE-18	586:595	mHippoE-18	586:595	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	4	8	theme	mouse	557:561	arg1	line					580:583	mouse hippocampal cell line	557:583	a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18)	555:596	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	5	9	theme	degradation	692:702	arg1	studies					704:710	in vitro degradation studies	683:710	in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time	683:789	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	6	10	theme	mass	816:819	arg1	loss					821:824	The mass loss	812:824	The mass loss of implants	812:836	The mass loss of implants indicates their stability at the tested time period; therefore, the materials are subcutaneously implanted in Sprague Dawley rats.
27325550	8	11	theme	surrounding	1133:1143	arg1	thickness					1152:1160	surrounding tissue thickness	1133:1160	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	4	12	theme	structures	526:535	arg1	biocompatibility					491:506	The in vitro biocompatibility	478:506	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures	478:535	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	10	13	theme	chitosan-carbon	1391:1405	arg1	implants					1424:1431	chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants	1391:1431	chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants	1391:1431	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	8	14	theme	blood	1187:1191	arg1	vessels					1193:1199	blood vessels	1187:1199	blood vessels	1187:1199	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	3	15	theme	electrodeposition	365:381	arg1	phenomenon					383:392	an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	362:475	an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	362:475	Aiming at this problem, we use an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants.
27325550	4	16	theme	fabricated	515:524	arg1	structures					526:535	the fabricated structures	511:535	the fabricated structures	511:535	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	10	17	theme	high	1456:1459	arg1	potential					1473:1481	high application potential	1456:1481	high application potential in tissue engineering	1456:1503	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	10	18	theme	healing	1334:1340	arg1	process					1342:1348	The observed regular healing process	1313:1348	The observed regular healing process	1313:1348	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	2	19	theme	tissue	311:316	arg1	engineering					318:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	2	19	theme	tissue	311:316	arg1	engineering					270:280	tissue engineering	263:280	tissue engineering	263:280	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	1	20	theme	challenging	197:207	arg1	task					209:212	still a challenging task	189:212	still a challenging task	189:212	Designing three-dimensional tubular materials made of chitosan is still a challenging task.
27325550	0	21	theme	electrodeposited	50:65	arg1	chitosan					67:74	chitosan	67:74	chitosan	67:74	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	9	22	theme	acute	1260:1264	arg1	inflammation					1266:1277	acute inflammation	1260:1277	acute inflammation	1260:1277	No symptoms of acute inflammation are noticed at any point in time.
27325550	11	23	dep	©	1506:1506	arg1	Inc.					1532:1535	Inc.	1532:1535	Inc.	1532:1535	© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
27325550	2	24	theme	nerve	305:309	arg1	engineering					318:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	2	24	theme	nerve	305:309	arg1	engineering					270:280	tissue engineering	263:280	tissue engineering	263:280	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	3	25	theme	chitosan	413:420	arg1	implants					468:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	Aiming at this problem, we use an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants.
27325550	6	26	theme	time	878:881	arg1	period					883:888	the tested time period	867:888	the tested time period	867:888	The mass loss of implants indicates their stability at the tested time period; therefore, the materials are subcutaneously implanted in Sprague Dawley rats.
27325550	8	27	theme	composition	1040:1050	arg1	assessment					1026:1035	The assessment	1022:1035	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials	1022:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	10	28	from	potential	1473:1481	arg1	engineering					1493:1503	tissue engineering	1486:1503	tissue engineering	1486:1503	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	8	29	theme	lymphocytes	1215:1225	arg1	number					1177:1182	the number	1173:1182	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	8	29	theme	lymphocytes	1215:1225	arg1	thickness					1152:1160	surrounding tissue thickness	1133:1160	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	8	30	theme	macrophages	1202:1212	arg1	number					1177:1182	the number	1173:1182	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	8	30	theme	macrophages	1202:1212	arg1	thickness					1152:1160	surrounding tissue thickness	1133:1160	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	10	31	theme	observed	1317:1324	arg1	process					1342:1348	The observed regular healing process	1313:1348	The observed regular healing process	1313:1348	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	10	32	with	biocompatible	1437:1449	arg1	potential					1473:1481	high application potential	1456:1481	high application potential in tissue engineering	1456:1503	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	10	33	theme	tubular	1416:1422	arg1	implants					1424:1431	chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants	1391:1431	chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants	1391:1431	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	5	34	dep	in	683:684	arg1	vitro					686:690	vitro	686:690	vitro	686:690	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	8	35	theme	tissue	1145:1150	arg1	thickness					1152:1160	surrounding tissue thickness	1133:1160	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	5	36	theme	in	742:743	arg1	conditions					750:759	in vivo conditions	742:759	in vivo conditions	742:759	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	12	37	theme	Part	1556:1559	arg1	A					1561:1561	Part A	1556:1561	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2701-2711, 2016.	1537:1585	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2701-2711, 2016.
27325550	0	38	theme	degradation	14:24	arg1	Assessment					0:9	Assessment	0:9	Assessment of degradation	0:24	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	0	38	theme	degradation	14:24	arg1	biocompatibility					30:45	biocompatibility	30:45	biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon	30:94	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	6	39	theme	tested	871:876	arg1	period					883:888	the tested time period	867:888	the tested time period	867:888	The mass loss of implants indicates their stability at the tested time period; therefore, the materials are subcutaneously implanted in Sprague Dawley rats.
27325550	1	40	theme	three-dimensional	133:149	arg1	materials					159:167	three-dimensional tubular materials	133:167	three-dimensional tubular materials made of chitosan	133:184	Designing three-dimensional tubular materials made of chitosan is still a challenging task.
27325550	3	41	theme	hydrogel	451:458	arg1	implants					468:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	Aiming at this problem, we use an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants.
27325550	6	42	theme	Dawley	956:961	arg1	rats					963:966	Sprague Dawley rats	948:966	Sprague Dawley rats	948:966	The mass loss of implants indicates their stability at the tested time period; therefore, the materials are subcutaneously implanted in Sprague Dawley rats.
27325550	2	43	theme	tissue	263:268	arg1	engineering					318:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	2	43	theme	tissue	263:268	arg1	engineering					270:280	tissue engineering	263:280	tissue engineering	263:280	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	3	44	theme	tubular	460:466	arg1	implants					468:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	Aiming at this problem, we use an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants.
27325550	8	45	from	composition	1040:1050	arg1	tissues					1067:1073	tissues	1067:1073	tissues surrounding the implanted materials	1067:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	10	46	theme	application	1461:1471	arg1	potential					1473:1481	high application potential	1456:1481	high application potential in tissue engineering	1456:1503	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	9	47	from	point	1298:1302	arg1	time					1307:1310	time	1307:1310	time	1307:1310	No symptoms of acute inflammation are noticed at any point in time.
27325550	5	48	theme	time	786:789	arg1	periods					775:781	specified periods	765:781	specified periods of time	765:789	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
27325550	0	49	theme	chitosan	67:74	arg1	Assessment					0:9	Assessment	0:9	Assessment of degradation	0:24	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	0	49	theme	chitosan	67:74	arg1	biocompatibility					30:45	biocompatibility	30:45	biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon	30:94	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	4	50	theme	cell	575:578	arg1	mHippoE-18					586:595	mHippoE-18	586:595	mHippoE-18	586:595	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	4	50	theme	cell	575:578	arg1	line					580:583	mouse hippocampal cell line	557:583	a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18)	555:596	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	10	51	theme	tissue	1486:1491	arg1	engineering					1493:1503	tissue engineering	1486:1503	tissue engineering	1486:1503	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	1	52	theme	tubular	151:157	arg1	materials					159:167	three-dimensional tubular materials	133:167	three-dimensional tubular materials made of chitosan	133:184	Designing three-dimensional tubular materials made of chitosan is still a challenging task.
27325550	3	53	theme	nanotube	442:449	arg1	implants					468:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	Aiming at this problem, we use an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants.
27325550	8	54	from	assessment	1026:1035	arg1	tissues					1067:1073	tissues	1067:1073	tissues surrounding the implanted materials	1067:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	8	55	theme	changes	1056:1062	arg1	assessment					1026:1035	The assessment	1022:1035	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials	1022:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	12	56	dep	Res	1552:1554	arg1	104A					1564:1567	104A	1564:1567	104A	1564:1567	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2701-2711, 2016.
27325550	12	56	dep	Res	1552:1554	arg1	A					1561:1561	Part A	1556:1561	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2701-2711, 2016.	1537:1585	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2701-2711, 2016.
27325550	10	57	theme	hydrogel	1407:1414	arg1	implants					1424:1431	chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants	1391:1431	chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants	1391:1431	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	2	58	theme	forms	236:240	arg1	Availability					215:226	Availability	215:226	Availability of such forms	215:240	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	2	59	theme	peripheral	294:303	arg1	engineering					318:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	294:328	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	2	59	theme	peripheral	294:303	arg1	engineering					270:280	tissue engineering	263:280	tissue engineering	263:280	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	4	60	dep	in	482:483	arg1	vitro					485:489	vitro	485:489	vitro	485:489	The in vitro biocompatibility of the fabricated structures is assessed using a mouse hippocampal cell line (mHippoE-18).
27325550	8	61	theme	implanted	1091:1099	arg1	materials					1101:1109	the implanted materials	1087:1109	the implanted materials	1087:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	2	62	theme	such	231:234	arg1	forms					236:240	such forms	231:240	such forms	231:240	Availability of such forms is highly desired by tissue engineering, especially peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27325550	10	63	theme	regular	1326:1332	arg1	process					1342:1348	The observed regular healing process	1313:1348	The observed regular healing process	1313:1348	The observed regular healing process allows concluding that both chitosan and chitosan-carbon hydrogel tubular implants are biocompatible with high application potential in tissue engineering.
27325550	8	64	theme	vessels	1193:1199	arg1	number					1177:1182	the number	1173:1182	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	8	64	theme	vessels	1193:1199	arg1	thickness					1152:1160	surrounding tissue thickness	1133:1160	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	0	65	theme	chitosan-carbon	80:94	arg1	Assessment					0:9	Assessment	0:9	Assessment of degradation	0:24	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	0	65	theme	chitosan-carbon	80:94	arg1	biocompatibility					30:45	biocompatibility	30:45	biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon	30:94	Assessment of degradation and biocompatibility of electrodeposited chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube tubular implants.
27325550	8	66	theme	neutrophils	1232:1242	arg1	number					1177:1182	the number	1173:1182	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	8	66	theme	neutrophils	1232:1242	arg1	thickness					1152:1160	surrounding tissue thickness	1133:1160	surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils	1133:1242	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	6	67	theme	implants	829:836	arg1	loss					821:824	The mass loss	812:824	The mass loss of implants	812:836	The mass loss of implants indicates their stability at the tested time period; therefore, the materials are subcutaneously implanted in Sprague Dawley rats.
27325550	8	68	from	changes	1056:1062	arg1	tissues					1067:1073	tissues	1067:1073	tissues surrounding the implanted materials	1067:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	3	69	theme	chitosan-carbon	426:440	arg1	implants					468:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants	413:475	Aiming at this problem, we use an electrodeposition phenomenon in order to obtain chitosan and chitosan-carbon nanotube hydrogel tubular implants.
27325550	12	70	dep	104A	1564:1567	arg1	2701-2711					1570:1578	2701-2711	1570:1578	2701-2711	1570:1578	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2701-2711, 2016.
27325550	8	71	from	tissues	1067:1073	arg1	assessment					1026:1035	The assessment	1022:1035	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials	1022:1109	The assessment of composition and changes in tissues surrounding the implanted materials is made in respect to surrounding tissue thickness as well as the number of blood vessels, macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.
27325550	5	72	from	studies	704:710	arg1	environment					719:729	the environment	715:729	the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time	715:789	As both implants do not induce significant cytotoxicity, they are next subjected to in vitro degradation studies in the environment simulating in vivo conditions for specified periods of time: 7, 14, and 28 days.
25827219	6	0	theme	Postprandial	927:938	arg1	glucose					940:946	Postprandial glucose	927:946	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion	927:983	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion was increased in the HF/HS group within 2 weeks, and its elevation gradually returned close to that of the control group until day 50.
25827219	10	1	theme	meal	1486:1489	arg1	ingestion					1491:1499	meal ingestion	1486:1499	meal ingestion	1486:1499	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	11	2	theme	chronic	1637:1643	arg1	treatment					1656:1664	chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1637:1664	chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1637:1664	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	3	3	theme	meal	580:583	arg1	test					595:598	a meal tolerance test	578:598	a meal tolerance test	578:598	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	9	4	theme	mucosal	1375:1381	arg1	levels					1400:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	5	5	theme	intestinal	865:874	arg1	mucosa					876:881	intestinal mucosa	865:881	intestinal mucosa	865:881	After 8 weeks of HF/HS treatment, portal vein and intestinal mucosa were collected to examine GLP-1 production.
25827219	1	6	theme	anorexigenic	298:309	arg1	effects					311:317	insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects	279:317	insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects	279:317	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	8	7	theme	GLP-1	1224:1228	arg1	responses					1242:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses	1211:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses	1211:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses were increased in the HF/HS group at 7 weeks.
25827219	10	8	theme	intolerance	1560:1570	arg1	progression					1524:1534	the progression	1520:1534	the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats	1520:1590	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	7	9	located	observed	1161:1168	arg2	emptying					1148:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	7	9	located	observed	1161:1168	arg1	group					1183:1187	the HF/HS group	1173:1187	the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34	1173:1208	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	1	10	theme	distal	205:210	arg1	cells					228:232	distal enteroendocrine cells	205:232	distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients	205:265	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	8	11	theme	insulin	1234:1240	arg1	responses					1242:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses	1211:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses	1211:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses were increased in the HF/HS group at 7 weeks.
25827219	10	12	theme	diet-induced	1539:1550	arg1	intolerance					1560:1570	diet-induced glucose intolerance	1539:1570	diet-induced glucose intolerance	1539:1570	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	0	13	theme	diet-fed	143:150	arg1	rats					152:155	high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	121:155	high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	121:155	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	2	14	theme	GLP-1	329:333	arg1	responses					345:353	GLP-1 secretory responses	329:353	GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions	329:400	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	6	15	theme	meal	970:973	arg1	ingestion					975:983	normal meal ingestion	963:983	normal meal ingestion	963:983	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion was increased in the HF/HS group within 2 weeks, and its elevation gradually returned close to that of the control group until day 50.
25827219	7	16	from	group	1183:1187	arg1	days					1192:1195	days 6, 13 and 34	1192:1208	days 6, 13 and 34	1192:1208	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	11	17	theme	obesity	1793:1799	arg1	establishment					1752:1764	the establishment	1748:1764	the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity	1748:1799	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	0	18	from	progression	71:81	arg1	rats					152:155	high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	121:155	high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	121:155	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	10	19	theme	obesity	1576:1582	arg1	progression					1524:1534	the progression	1520:1534	the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats	1520:1590	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	11	20	theme	intolerance	1777:1787	arg1	establishment					1752:1764	the establishment	1748:1764	the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity	1748:1799	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	8	21	theme	HF/HS	1274:1278	arg1	group					1280:1284	the HF/HS group	1270:1284	the HF/HS group	1270:1284	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses were increased in the HF/HS group at 7 weeks.
25827219	1	22	theme	Glucagon-like	158:170	arg1	GLP-1					183:187	GLP-1	183:187	GLP-1	183:187	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	1	22	theme	Glucagon-like	158:170	arg1	peptide-1					172:180	Glucagon-like peptide-1	158:180	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)	158:188	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	11	23	from	sensitivity	1685:1695	arg1	gut					1725:1727	the gut	1721:1727	the gut	1721:1727	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	5	24	theme	HF/HS	832:836	arg1	treatment					838:846	HF/HS treatment	832:846	HF/HS treatment	832:846	After 8 weeks of HF/HS treatment, portal vein and intestinal mucosa were collected to examine GLP-1 production.
25827219	0	25	theme	glucose	86:92	arg1	intolerance					94:104	glucose intolerance	86:104	glucose intolerance	86:104	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	5	26	theme	GLP-1	909:913	arg1	production					915:924	GLP-1 production	909:924	GLP-1 production	909:924	After 8 weeks of HF/HS treatment, portal vein and intestinal mucosa were collected to examine GLP-1 production.
25827219	6	27	theme	HF/HS	1006:1010	arg1	group					1012:1016	the HF/HS group	1002:1016	the HF/HS group	1002:1016	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion was increased in the HF/HS group within 2 weeks, and its elevation gradually returned close to that of the control group until day 50.
25827219	9	28	located	observed	1342:1349	arg2	levels					1330:1335	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels	1298:1335	levels	1330:1335	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	9	28	located	observed	1342:1349	arg2	GLP-1					1312:1316	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels	1298:1335	GLP-1	1312:1316	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	9	28	located	observed	1342:1349	arg1	group					1364:1368	the HF/HS group	1354:1368	the HF/HS group	1354:1368	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	2	29	theme	obesity	547:553	arg1	progression					519:529	the progression	515:529	the progression of diet-induced obesity	515:553	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	0	30	theme	Postprandial	0:11	arg1	secretion					37:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion	0:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion	0:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	3	31	dep	glycaemic	703:711	arg1	responses					732:740	responses	732:740	responses	732:740	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	2	32	theme	postprandial	465:476	arg1	responses					484:492	postprandial GLP-1 responses	465:492	postprandial GLP-1 responses	465:492	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	0	33	theme	peptide-1	27:35	arg1	secretion					37:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion	0:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion	0:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	9	34	theme	portal	1305:1310	arg1	GLP-1					1312:1316	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels	1298:1335	GLP-1	1312:1316	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	11	35	theme	increased	1675:1683	arg1	sensitivity					1685:1695	increased sensitivity	1675:1695	increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut	1675:1727	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	2	36	dep	investigated	437:448	arg1	whether					450:456	whether	450:456	whether	450:456	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	2	37	theme	diabetic	382:389	arg1	conditions					391:400	established obese or diabetic conditions	361:400	established obese or diabetic conditions	361:400	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	7	38	theme	postprandial	1127:1138	arg1	emptying					1148:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	11	39	theme	diet	1651:1654	arg1	treatment					1656:1664	chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1637:1664	chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1637:1664	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	10	40	theme	GLP-1	1468:1472	arg1	response					1474:1481	the postprandial GLP-1 response	1451:1481	the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion	1451:1499	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	3	41	theme	postprandial	690:701	arg1	glycaemic					703:711	postprandial glycaemic	690:711	postprandial glycaemic	690:711	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	2	42	theme	obese	373:377	arg1	conditions					391:400	established obese or diabetic conditions	361:400	established obese or diabetic conditions	361:400	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	9	43	theme	hormone	1387:1393	arg1	levels					1400:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	6	44	theme	control	1092:1098	arg1	group					1100:1104	the control group	1088:1104	the control group	1088:1104	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion was increased in the HF/HS group within 2 weeks, and its elevation gradually returned close to that of the control group until day 50.
25827219	6	45	from	glucose	940:946	arg1	response					951:958	response	951:958	response to normal meal ingestion	951:983	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion was increased in the HF/HS group within 2 weeks, and its elevation gradually returned close to that of the control group until day 50.
25827219	11	46	theme	GLP-1	1618:1622	arg1	secretion					1624:1632	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion	1593:1632	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1593:1664	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	11	47	theme	boosted	1597:1603	arg1	secretion					1624:1632	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion	1593:1632	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1593:1664	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	1	48	theme	insulinotropic	279:292	arg1	effects					311:317	insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects	279:317	insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects	279:317	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	11	49	theme	HF/HS	1645:1649	arg1	treatment					1656:1664	chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1637:1664	chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1637:1664	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	9	50	theme	gut	1383:1385	arg1	levels					1400:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	9	51	theme	mRNA	1395:1398	arg1	levels					1400:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels	1375:1405	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	8	52	theme	Postprandial	1211:1222	arg1	responses					1242:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses	1211:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses	1211:1250	Postprandial GLP-1 and insulin responses were increased in the HF/HS group at 7 weeks.
25827219	10	53	theme	glucose	1552:1558	arg1	intolerance					1560:1570	diet-induced glucose intolerance	1539:1570	diet-induced glucose intolerance	1539:1570	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	11	54	theme	glucose	1769:1775	arg1	intolerance					1777:1787	glucose intolerance	1769:1787	glucose intolerance	1769:1787	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	2	55	theme	secretory	335:343	arg1	responses					345:353	GLP-1 secretory responses	329:353	GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions	329:400	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	1	56	theme	enteroendocrine	212:226	arg1	cells					228:232	distal enteroendocrine cells	205:232	distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients	205:265	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	5	57	theme	portal	849:854	arg1	vein					856:859	portal vein	849:859	portal vein	849:859	After 8 weeks of HF/HS treatment, portal vein and intestinal mucosa were collected to examine GLP-1 production.
25827219	6	58	theme	normal	963:968	arg1	ingestion					975:983	normal meal ingestion	963:983	normal meal ingestion	963:983	Postprandial glucose in response to normal meal ingestion was increased in the HF/HS group within 2 weeks, and its elevation gradually returned close to that of the control group until day 50.
25827219	3	59	theme	high-fat	639:646	arg1	diet					673:676	a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet	637:676	a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses	637:740	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	1	60	from	cells	228:232	arg1	response					237:244	response	237:244	response to luminal nutrients	237:265	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	3	61	theme	tolerance	585:593	arg1	test					595:598	a meal tolerance test	578:598	a meal tolerance test	578:598	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	5	62	theme	treatment	838:846	arg1	weeks					823:827	8 weeks	821:827	8 weeks of HF/HS treatment	821:846	After 8 weeks of HF/HS treatment, portal vein and intestinal mucosa were collected to examine GLP-1 production.
25827219	2	63	theme	diet-induced	534:545	arg1	obesity					547:553	diet-induced obesity	534:553	diet-induced obesity	534:553	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	0	64	theme	intolerance	94:104	arg1	progression					71:81	the progression	67:81	the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	67:155	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	0	65	theme	obesity	110:116	arg1	progression					71:81	the progression	67:81	the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	67:155	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	0	66	theme	high-fat/high-sucrose	121:141	arg1	rats					152:155	high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	121:155	high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats	121:155	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	7	67	theme	HF/HS	1177:1181	arg1	group					1183:1187	the HF/HS group	1173:1187	the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34	1173:1208	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	0	68	theme	glucagon-like	13:25	arg1	secretion					37:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion	0:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion	0:45	Postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion is increased during the progression of glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
25827219	2	69	theme	GLP-1	478:482	arg1	responses					484:492	postprandial GLP-1 responses	465:492	postprandial GLP-1 responses	465:492	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	9	70	theme	Higher	1298:1303	arg1	GLP-1					1312:1316	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels	1298:1335	GLP-1	1312:1316	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	4	71	theme	gastric	756:762	arg1	emptying					764:771	gastric emptying	756:771	gastric emptying	756:771	In addition, gastric emptying was assessed by the acetaminophen method.
25827219	7	72	theme	gastric	1140:1146	arg1	emptying					1148:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	3	73	theme	high-sucrose	652:663	arg1	diet					673:676	a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet	637:676	a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses	637:740	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	7	74	theme	Slower	1120:1125	arg1	emptying					1148:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying	1120:1155	Slower postprandial gastric emptying was observed in the HF/HS group on days 6, 13 and 34.
25827219	9	75	theme	insulin	1322:1328	arg1	levels					1330:1335	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels	1298:1335	levels	1330:1335	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25827219	11	76	theme	luminal	1700:1706	arg1	nutrients					1708:1716	luminal nutrients	1700:1716	luminal nutrients	1700:1716	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	2	77	dep	whether	450:456	arg1	affected					499:506	affected	499:506	were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity	494:553	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	10	78	theme	postprandial	1455:1466	arg1	response					1474:1481	the postprandial GLP-1 response	1451:1481	the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion	1451:1499	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	4	79	theme	acetaminophen	793:805	arg1	method					807:812	the acetaminophen method	789:812	the acetaminophen method	789:812	In addition, gastric emptying was assessed by the acetaminophen method.
25827219	2	80	theme	established	361:371	arg1	conditions					391:400	established obese or diabetic conditions	361:400	established obese or diabetic conditions	361:400	Although GLP-1 secretory responses under established obese or diabetic conditions have been studied, it has not been investigated whether or how postprandial GLP-1 responses were affected during the progression of diet-induced obesity.
25827219	1	81	theme	luminal	249:255	arg1	nutrients					257:265	luminal nutrients	249:265	luminal nutrients	249:265	Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by distal enteroendocrine cells in response to luminal nutrients, and exerts insulinotropic and anorexigenic effects.
25827219	10	82	from	progression	1524:1534	arg1	rats					1587:1590	rats	1587:1590	rats	1587:1590	These results revealed that the postprandial GLP-1 response to meal ingestion is enhanced during the progression of diet-induced glucose intolerance and obesity in rats.
25827219	11	83	theme	postprandial	1605:1616	arg1	secretion					1624:1632	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion	1593:1632	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment	1593:1664	The boosted postprandial GLP-1 secretion by chronic HF/HS diet treatment suggests increased sensitivity to luminal nutrients in the gut, and this may slow the establishment of glucose intolerance and obesity.
25827219	3	84	theme	present	563:569	arg1	study					571:575	the present study	559:575	the present study	559:575	In the present study, a meal tolerance test was performed every week in rats fed a high-fat and high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet to evaluate postprandial glycaemic, insulin and GLP-1 responses.
25827219	9	85	theme	HF/HS	1358:1362	arg1	group					1364:1368	the HF/HS group	1354:1368	the HF/HS group	1354:1368	Higher portal GLP-1 and insulin levels were observed in the HF/HS group, but mucosal gut hormone mRNA levels were unchanged.
25369019	8	0	from	contents	1228:1235	arg1	chow					1252:1255	rat chow	1248:1255	rat chow	1248:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	10	1	theme	r	1579:1579	arg1	≥					1581:1581	r ≥ 0.4	1579:1585	r ≥ 0.4	1579:1585	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	3	2	theme	treatment	710:718	arg1	groups					720:725	6 treatment groups	708:725	6 treatment groups	708:725	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	10	3	theme	SCFA	1447:1450	arg1	concentration					1491:1503	the relative concentration	1478:1503	particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1465:1546	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	10	3	theme	SCFA	1447:1450	arg1	composition					1452:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	12	4	theme	specific	1786:1793	arg1	microbiota					1801:1810	specific cecal microbiota	1786:1810	specific cecal microbiota	1786:1810	Although diets modified specific cecal microbiota, our study indicates that these changes were not associated with colitis reduction.
25369019	10	5	theme	colitis	1603:1609	arg1	concentration					1622:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration	1593:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa	1593:1654	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	3	6	theme	HLA-B27	601:607	arg1	rats					620:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	3	6	theme	HLA-B27	601:607	arg1	model					638:642	a validated model	626:642	a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	626:678	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	1	7	theme	colitis-modulating	303:320	arg1	effects					322:328	their colitis-modulating effects	297:328	their colitis-modulating effects	297:328	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects.
25369019	13	8	from	fermentation	2014:2025	arg1	intestine					2040:2048	the large intestine	2030:2048	the large intestine	2030:2048	Intestinal inflammation was positively correlated to protein fermentation and negatively correlated with carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine.
25369019	8	9	theme	cecal	1222:1226	arg1	contents					1228:1235	cecal contents	1222:1235	cecal contents of rats on rat chow	1222:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	8	10	from	rats	1240:1243	arg1	chow					1252:1255	rat chow	1248:1255	rat chow	1248:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	1	11	theme	experimental	217:228	arg1	colitis					230:236	experimental colitis	217:236	experimental colitis	217:236	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects.
25369019	10	12	theme	IL-1	1615:1618	arg1	β					1620:1620	IL-1 β	1615:1620	IL-1 β	1615:1620	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	6	13	theme	microbiota	985:994	arg1	changes					996:1002	specific but divergent microbiota changes	962:1002	specific but divergent microbiota changes	962:1002	Both NDO induced specific but divergent microbiota changes.
25369019	10	14	theme	mucosa	1649:1654	arg1	concentration					1622:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration	1593:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa	1593:1654	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	3	15	theme	inflammatory	647:658	arg1	disease					666:672	inflammatory bowel disease	647:672	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	647:678	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	3	15	theme	inflammatory	647:658	arg1	IBD					675:677	IBD	675:677	IBD	675:677	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	7	16	theme	Clostridium	1091:1101	arg1	cluster					1103:1109	Clostridium cluster IV	1091:1112	Clostridium cluster IV	1091:1112	Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were stimulated by FOS, whereas copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV were decreased.
25369019	2	17	theme	isomalto-oligosaccharides	553:577	arg1	weight					510:515	8 g/kg body weight	498:515	8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO)	498:583	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	0	18	theme	fructo-oligosaccharides	60:82	arg1	properties					46:55	the protective properties	31:55	the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats	31:139	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	3	19	theme	disease	666:672	arg1	rats					620:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	3	19	theme	disease	666:672	arg1	model					638:642	a validated model	626:642	a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	626:678	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	10	20	theme	iso-butyrate	1508:1519	arg1	concentration					1491:1503	the relative concentration	1478:1503	particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1465:1546	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	10	20	theme	iso-butyrate	1508:1519	arg1	composition					1452:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	4	21	theme	Intestinal	728:737	arg1	inflammation					739:750	Intestinal inflammation	728:750	Intestinal inflammation	728:750	Intestinal inflammation and intestinal microbiota were analysed after 12 weeks of treatment.
25369019	0	22	theme	isomalto-oligosaccharides	88:112	arg1	properties					46:55	the protective properties	31:55	the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats	31:139	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	9	23	theme	relative	1320:1327	arg1	proportions					1329:1339	the relative proportions	1316:1339	the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1316:1394	AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment.
25369019	5	24	theme	AIN-76A	930:936	arg1	diets					938:942	AIN-76A diets	930:942	AIN-76A diets	930:942	FOS and IMO reduced colitis in animals fed rat chow, but exhibited no anti-inflammatory effect when added to AIN-76A diets.
25369019	13	25	theme	protein	1949:1955	arg1	fermentation					1957:1968	protein fermentation	1949:1968	protein fermentation	1949:1968	Intestinal inflammation was positively correlated to protein fermentation and negatively correlated with carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine.
25369019	0	26	theme	HLA-B27	117:123	arg1	rats					136:139	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	117:139	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	117:139	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	0	27	from	properties	46:55	arg1	rats					136:139	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	117:139	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	117:139	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	10	28	theme	iso-valerate	1535:1546	arg1	concentration					1491:1503	the relative concentration	1478:1503	particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1465:1546	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	10	28	theme	iso-valerate	1535:1546	arg1	composition					1452:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	13	29	theme	Intestinal	1896:1905	arg1	inflammation					1907:1918	Intestinal inflammation	1896:1918	Intestinal inflammation	1896:1918	Intestinal inflammation was positively correlated to protein fermentation and negatively correlated with carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine.
25369019	10	30	dep	associated	1553:1562	arg1	0.004					1569:1573	P ≤ 0.004	1565:1573	P ≤ 0.004	1565:1573	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	10	30	dep	associated	1553:1562	arg1	≥					1581:1581	r ≥ 0.4	1579:1585	r ≥ 0.4	1579:1585	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	2	31	theme	body	505:508	arg1	weight					510:515	8 g/kg body weight	498:515	8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO)	498:583	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	10	32	theme	valerate	1522:1529	arg1	concentration					1491:1503	the relative concentration	1478:1503	particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1465:1546	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	10	32	theme	valerate	1522:1529	arg1	composition					1452:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	2	33	theme	chow	449:452	arg1	diets					454:458	chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets	415:458	diets	454:458	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	11	34	from	effects	1701:1707	arg1	development					1730:1740	colitis development	1722:1740	colitis development	1722:1740	This study demonstrated that the protective effects of fibres on colitis development depend on the diet.
25369019	7	35	dep	stimulated	1048:1057	arg1	whereas					1067:1073	whereas	1067:1073	whereas	1067:1073	Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were stimulated by FOS, whereas copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV were decreased.
25369019	8	36	theme	higher	1143:1148	arg1	concentrations					1150:1163	higher concentrations	1143:1163	higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1143:1203	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	10	37	theme	≤	1567:1567	arg1	0.004					1569:1573	P ≤ 0.004	1565:1573	P ≤ 0.004	1565:1573	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	12	38	theme	colitis	1877:1883	arg1	reduction					1885:1893	colitis reduction	1877:1893	colitis reduction	1877:1893	Although diets modified specific cecal microbiota, our study indicates that these changes were not associated with colitis reduction.
25369019	8	39	theme	short-chain	1174:1184	arg1	acids					1192:1196	total short-chain fatty acids	1168:1196	total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1168:1203	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	8	39	theme	short-chain	1174:1184	arg1	SCFA					1199:1202	SCFA	1199:1202	SCFA	1199:1202	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	2	40	theme	defined	426:432	arg1	AIN-76A					434:440	chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets	415:458	AIN-76A	434:440	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	8	41	theme	acids	1192:1196	arg1	concentrations					1150:1163	higher concentrations	1143:1163	higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1143:1203	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	12	42	theme	cecal	1795:1799	arg1	microbiota					1801:1810	specific cecal microbiota	1786:1810	specific cecal microbiota	1786:1810	Although diets modified specific cecal microbiota, our study indicates that these changes were not associated with colitis reduction.
25369019	13	43	theme	large	2034:2038	arg1	intestine					2040:2048	the large intestine	2030:2048	the large intestine	2030:2048	Intestinal inflammation was positively correlated to protein fermentation and negatively correlated with carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine.
25369019	8	44	from	chow	1252:1255	arg1	contents					1228:1235	cecal contents	1222:1235	cecal contents of rats on rat chow	1222:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	10	45	theme	increased	1593:1601	arg1	concentration					1622:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration	1593:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa	1593:1654	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	3	46	with	design	696:701	arg1	groups					720:725	6 treatment groups	708:725	6 treatment groups	708:725	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	2	47	with	supplementation	477:491	arg1	weight					510:515	8 g/kg body weight	498:515	8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO)	498:583	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	11	48	theme	protective	1690:1699	arg1	effects					1701:1707	the protective effects	1686:1707	the protective effects of fibres on colitis development	1686:1740	This study demonstrated that the protective effects of fibres on colitis development depend on the diet.
25369019	13	49	theme	carbohydrate	2001:2012	arg1	fermentation					2014:2025	carbohydrate fermentation	2001:2025	carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine	2001:2048	Intestinal inflammation was positively correlated to protein fermentation and negatively correlated with carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine.
25369019	5	50	theme	anti-inflammatory	891:907	arg1	effect					909:914	no anti-inflammatory effect	888:914	no anti-inflammatory effect	888:914	FOS and IMO reduced colitis in animals fed rat chow, but exhibited no anti-inflammatory effect when added to AIN-76A diets.
25369019	3	51	used	used	596:599	arg2	study					590:594	The study	586:594	The study	586:594	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	10	52	theme	β	1620:1620	arg1	concentration					1622:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration	1593:1634	increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa	1593:1654	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	2	53	theme	intestinal	351:360	arg1	microbiota					362:371	intestinal microbiota	351:371	intestinal microbiota	351:371	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	5	54	theme	rat	864:866	arg1	chow					868:871	rat chow	864:871	rat chow	864:871	FOS and IMO reduced colitis in animals fed rat chow, but exhibited no anti-inflammatory effect when added to AIN-76A diets.
25369019	8	55	theme	defined	1284:1290	arg1	diet					1292:1295	the chemically defined diet	1269:1295	the chemically defined diet	1269:1295	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	7	56	theme	cluster	1103:1109	arg1	numbers					1080:1086	copy numbers	1075:1086	copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV	1075:1112	Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were stimulated by FOS, whereas copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV were decreased.
25369019	8	57	theme	rats	1240:1243	arg1	contents					1228:1235	cecal contents	1222:1235	cecal contents of rats on rat chow	1222:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	6	58	theme	divergent	975:983	arg1	changes					996:1002	specific but divergent microbiota changes	962:1002	specific but divergent microbiota changes	962:1002	Both NDO induced specific but divergent microbiota changes.
25369019	10	59	theme	cecal	1643:1647	arg1	mucosa					1649:1654	the cecal mucosa	1639:1654	the cecal mucosa	1639:1654	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	3	60	theme	validated	628:636	arg1	rats					620:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	3	60	theme	validated	628:636	arg1	model					638:642	a validated model	626:642	a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	626:678	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	1	61	theme	Non-digestible	142:155	arg1	NDO					175:177	NDO	175:177	NDO	175:177	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects.
25369019	1	61	theme	Non-digestible	142:155	arg1	oligosaccharides					157:172	Non-digestible oligosaccharides	142:172	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO)	142:178	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects.
25369019	8	62	theme	rat	1248:1250	arg1	chow					1252:1255	rat chow	1248:1255	rat chow	1248:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	6	63	theme	specific	962:969	arg1	changes					996:1002	specific but divergent microbiota changes	962:1002	specific but divergent microbiota changes	962:1002	Both NDO induced specific but divergent microbiota changes.
25369019	7	64	theme	copy	1075:1078	arg1	numbers					1080:1086	copy numbers	1075:1086	copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV	1075:1112	Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were stimulated by FOS, whereas copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV were decreased.
25369019	3	65	theme	transgenic	609:618	arg1	rats					620:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	601:623	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	3	65	theme	transgenic	609:618	arg1	model					638:642	a validated model	626:642	a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	626:678	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	4	66	theme	intestinal	756:765	arg1	microbiota					767:776	intestinal microbiota	756:776	intestinal microbiota	756:776	Intestinal inflammation and intestinal microbiota were analysed after 12 weeks of treatment.
25369019	3	67	theme	bowel	660:664	arg1	disease					666:672	inflammatory bowel disease	647:672	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	647:678	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	3	67	theme	bowel	660:664	arg1	IBD					675:677	IBD	675:677	IBD	675:677	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	1	68	from	inflammation	201:212	arg1	colitis					230:236	experimental colitis	217:236	experimental colitis	217:236	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects.
25369019	0	69	theme	transgenic	125:134	arg1	rats					136:139	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	117:139	HLA-B27 transgenic rats	117:139	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	10	70	theme	relative	1482:1489	arg1	concentration					1491:1503	the relative concentration	1478:1503	particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1465:1546	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	10	70	theme	relative	1482:1489	arg1	composition					1452:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition	1443:1462	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	9	71	theme	propionate	1344:1353	arg1	proportions					1329:1339	the relative proportions	1316:1339	the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1316:1394	AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment.
25369019	4	72	theme	treatment	810:818	arg1	weeks					801:805	12 weeks	798:805	12 weeks of treatment	798:818	Intestinal inflammation and intestinal microbiota were analysed after 12 weeks of treatment.
25369019	0	73	theme	defined	11:17	arg1	diet					19:22	Chemically defined diet	0:22	Chemically defined diet	0:22	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	9	74	theme	iso-butyrate	1356:1367	arg1	proportions					1329:1339	the relative proportions	1316:1339	the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1316:1394	AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment.
25369019	2	75	theme	g/kg	500:503	arg1	weight					510:515	8 g/kg body weight	498:515	8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO)	498:583	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	2	76	theme	rat	445:447	arg1	diets					454:458	chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets	415:458	diets	454:458	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	9	77	theme	valerate	1370:1377	arg1	proportions					1329:1339	the relative proportions	1316:1339	the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1316:1394	AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment.
25369019	11	78	theme	colitis	1722:1728	arg1	development					1730:1740	colitis development	1722:1740	colitis development	1722:1740	This study demonstrated that the protective effects of fibres on colitis development depend on the diet.
25369019	8	79	located	observed	1210:1217	arg1	addition					1133:1140	addition	1133:1140	addition	1133:1140	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	8	79	located	observed	1210:1217	arg1	contents					1228:1235	cecal contents	1222:1235	cecal contents of rats on rat chow	1222:1255	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	8	79	located	observed	1210:1217	arg2	concentrations					1150:1163	higher concentrations	1143:1163	higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1143:1203	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	0	80	theme	protective	35:44	arg1	properties					46:55	the protective properties	31:55	the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats	31:139	Chemically defined diet alters the protective properties of fructo-oligosaccharides and isomalto-oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 transgenic rats.
25369019	9	81	theme	iso-valerate	1383:1394	arg1	proportions					1329:1339	the relative proportions	1316:1339	the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate	1316:1394	AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment.
25369019	2	82	theme	fructo-oligosaccharides	520:542	arg1	weight					510:515	8 g/kg body weight	498:515	8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO)	498:583	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	11	83	theme	fibres	1712:1717	arg1	effects					1701:1707	the protective effects	1686:1707	the protective effects of fibres on colitis development	1686:1740	This study demonstrated that the protective effects of fibres on colitis development depend on the diet.
25369019	9	84	theme	oligosaccharide	1416:1430	arg1	treatment					1432:1440	the oligosaccharide treatment	1412:1440	the oligosaccharide treatment	1412:1440	AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment.
25369019	8	85	theme	total	1168:1172	arg1	acids					1192:1196	total short-chain fatty acids	1168:1196	total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1168:1203	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	8	85	theme	total	1168:1172	arg1	SCFA					1199:1202	SCFA	1199:1202	SCFA	1199:1202	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	10	86	theme	P	1565:1565	arg1	0.004					1569:1573	P ≤ 0.004	1565:1573	P ≤ 0.004	1565:1573	The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P ≤ 0.004 and r ≥ 0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa.
25369019	3	87	theme	factorial	686:694	arg1	design					696:701	a factorial design	684:701	a factorial design with 6 treatment groups	684:725	The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups.
25369019	2	88	theme	intestinal	377:386	arg1	inflammation					388:399	intestinal inflammation	377:399	intestinal inflammation	377:399	This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO).
25369019	8	89	theme	fatty	1186:1190	arg1	acids					1192:1196	total short-chain fatty acids	1168:1196	total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1168:1203	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	8	89	theme	fatty	1186:1190	arg1	SCFA					1199:1202	SCFA	1199:1202	SCFA	1199:1202	In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet.
25369019	1	90	theme	microbiota	270:279	arg1	changes					281:287	microbiota changes	270:287	microbiota changes	270:287	Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects.
28034824	7	0	from	comparison	988:997	arg1	fastest					969:975	fastest	969:975	fastest	969:975	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules was fastest at pH 4 in comparison to pH 7 and pH 10.
28034824	2	1	contain	carrying	262:269	arg2	hexaconazole					284:295	hexaconazole	284:295	hexaconazole	284:295	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP).
28034824	2	1	contain	carrying	262:269	arg1	nanocapsules					249:260	Polymer nanocapsules	241:260	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole	241:295	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP).
28034824	2	1	contain	carrying	262:269	arg2	fungicide					273:281	a fungicide	271:281	a fungicide	271:281	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP).
28034824	3	2	theme	infra-red	534:542	arg1	spectroscope					551:562	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope	534:562	infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope	534:562	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	9	3	theme	hexaconazole	1250:1261	arg1	formulation					1235:1245	commercial formulation	1224:1245	commercial formulation of hexaconazole	1224:1261	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation was evaluated against R. solani and was compared with commercial formulation of hexaconazole.
28034824	5	4	theme	encapsulation	687:699	arg1	%					751:751	73%	749:751	73%	749:751	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole was 73% as assessed by gas chromatography (GC).
28034824	5	4	theme	encapsulation	687:699	arg1	efficiency					701:710	The encapsulation efficiency	683:710	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole	683:743	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole was 73% as assessed by gas chromatography (GC).
28034824	6	5	theme	commercial	838:847	arg1	formulation					849:859	commercial formulation	838:859	commercial formulation for controlled release	838:882	Nanocapsules were analysed and compared with commercial formulation for controlled release in vitro at three different pH values.
28034824	7	6	from	nanocapsules	952:963	arg1	Release					923:929	Release	923:929	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules	923:963	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules was fastest at pH 4 in comparison to pH 7 and pH 10.
28034824	1	7	theme	smart	162:166	arg1	nanoformulations					168:183	smart nanoformulations	162:183	smart nanoformulations	162:183	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	10	8	theme	MTT	1319:1321	arg1	assay					1386:1390	MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay	1319:1390	MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay	1319:1390	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	4	9	theme	encapsulation	611:623	arg1	efficiency					625:634	high encapsulation efficiency	606:634	high encapsulation efficiency	606:634	Nanocapsules were optimized for size and high encapsulation efficiency using central composite design (CCD) software.
28034824	5	10	theme	gas	768:770	arg1	GC					788:789	GC	788:789	GC	788:789	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole was 73% as assessed by gas chromatography (GC).
28034824	5	10	theme	gas	768:770	arg1	chromatography					772:785	gas chromatography	768:785	gas chromatography (GC)	768:790	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole was 73% as assessed by gas chromatography (GC).
28034824	0	11	theme	controlled	45:54	arg1	release					56:62	the controlled release	41:62	the controlled release of hexaconazole	41:78	Development of chitosan nanocapsules for the controlled release of hexaconazole.
28034824	4	12	theme	high	606:609	arg1	efficiency					625:634	high encapsulation efficiency	606:634	high encapsulation efficiency	606:634	Nanocapsules were optimized for size and high encapsulation efficiency using central composite design (CCD) software.
28034824	10	13	theme	pesticide	1468:1476	arg1	formulation					1453:1463	commercial formulation	1442:1463	commercial formulation of pesticide	1442:1476	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	1	14	theme	Accelerated	81:91	arg1	use					93:95	Accelerated use	81:95	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture	81:137	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	3	15	theme	transmission	472:483	arg1	microscope					494:503	transmission electron microscope	472:503	transmission electron microscope (TEM)	472:509	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	3	15	theme	transmission	472:483	arg1	TEM					506:508	TEM	506:508	TEM	506:508	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	10	16	theme	-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium	1352:1375	arg1	Bromide					1377:1383	3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide	1324:1383	3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide	1324:1383	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	10	16	theme	-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium	1352:1375	arg1	MTT					1319:1321	MTT	1319:1321	MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay	1319:1390	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	6	17	theme	pH	912:913	arg1	values					915:920	three different pH values	896:920	three different pH values	896:920	Nanocapsules were analysed and compared with commercial formulation for controlled release in vitro at three different pH values.
28034824	9	18	theme	commercial	1224:1233	arg1	formulation					1235:1245	commercial formulation	1224:1245	commercial formulation of hexaconazole	1224:1261	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation was evaluated against R. solani and was compared with commercial formulation of hexaconazole.
28034824	10	19	theme	cell	1305:1308	arg1	lines					1310:1314	vero cell lines	1300:1314	vero cell lines	1300:1314	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	3	20	dep	infra-red	534:542	arg1	FTIR					545:548	FTIR	545:548	FTIR	545:548	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	10	21	theme	4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl	1327:1350	arg1	Bromide					1377:1383	3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide	1324:1383	3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide	1324:1383	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	10	21	theme	4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl	1327:1350	arg1	MTT					1319:1321	MTT	1319:1321	MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay	1319:1390	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	8	22	theme	Release	1018:1024	arg1	study					1026:1030	Release study	1018:1030	Release study in soil	1018:1038	Release study in soil was also conducted and revealed a controlled pattern for nanoformulation.
28034824	2	23	theme	gelation	331:338	arg1	method					340:345	ionotropic gelation method	320:345	ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP)	320:391	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP).
28034824	0	24	theme	chitosan	15:22	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of chitosan	0:22	Development of chitosan nanocapsules for the controlled release of hexaconazole.
28034824	8	25	theme	controlled	1074:1083	arg1	pattern					1085:1091	a controlled pattern	1072:1091	a controlled pattern for nanoformulation	1072:1111	Release study in soil was also conducted and revealed a controlled pattern for nanoformulation.
28034824	6	26	theme	different	902:910	arg1	values					915:920	three different pH values	896:920	three different pH values	896:920	Nanocapsules were analysed and compared with commercial formulation for controlled release in vitro at three different pH values.
28034824	2	27	theme	ionotropic	320:329	arg1	method					340:345	ionotropic gelation method	320:345	ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP)	320:391	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP).
28034824	9	28	theme	fungicidal	1118:1127	arg1	activity					1129:1136	The fungicidal activity	1114:1136	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation	1114:1168	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation was evaluated against R. solani and was compared with commercial formulation of hexaconazole.
28034824	7	29	from	fastest	969:975	arg1	comparison					988:997	comparison	988:997	comparison to pH 7 and pH 10	988:1015	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules was fastest at pH 4 in comparison to pH 7 and pH 10.
28034824	3	30	theme	electron	485:492	arg1	microscope					494:503	transmission electron microscope	472:503	transmission electron microscope (TEM)	472:509	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	3	30	theme	electron	485:492	arg1	TEM					506:508	TEM	506:508	TEM	506:508	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	2	31	theme	Polymer	241:247	arg1	nanocapsules					249:260	Polymer nanocapsules	241:260	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole	241:295	Polymer nanocapsules carrying a fungicide, hexaconazole were developed through ionotropic gelation method utilizing chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP).
28034824	1	32	theme	perilous	221:228	arg1	chemicals					230:238	these perilous chemicals	215:238	these perilous chemicals	215:238	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	3	33	theme	photon	433:438	arg1	PCS					466:468	PCS	466:468	PCS	466:468	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	3	33	theme	photon	433:438	arg1	spectroscope					452:463	photon correlation spectroscope	433:463	photon correlation spectroscope (PCS)	433:469	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	1	34	theme	cutting	114:120	arg1	edge					122:125	cutting edge	114:125	cutting edge agriculture	114:137	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	3	35	theme	correlation	440:450	arg1	PCS					466:468	PCS	466:468	PCS	466:468	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	3	35	theme	correlation	440:450	arg1	spectroscope					452:463	photon correlation spectroscope	433:463	photon correlation spectroscope (PCS)	433:469	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	5	36	theme	nanocapsules	715:726	arg1	%					751:751	73%	749:751	73%	749:751	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole was 73% as assessed by gas chromatography (GC).
28034824	5	36	theme	nanocapsules	715:726	arg1	efficiency					701:710	The encapsulation efficiency	683:710	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole	683:743	The encapsulation efficiency of nanocapsules for hexaconazole was 73% as assessed by gas chromatography (GC).
28034824	9	37	theme	prepared	1145:1152	arg1	nanoformulation					1154:1168	the prepared nanoformulation	1141:1168	the prepared nanoformulation	1141:1168	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation was evaluated against R. solani and was compared with commercial formulation of hexaconazole.
28034824	1	38	theme	edge	122:125	arg1	agriculture					127:137	cutting edge agriculture	114:137	cutting edge agriculture	114:137	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	10	39	theme	cytotoxicity	1268:1279	arg1	assay					1281:1285	The cytotoxicity assay	1264:1285	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay	1264:1390	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	10	40	theme	commercial	1442:1451	arg1	formulation					1453:1463	commercial formulation	1442:1463	commercial formulation of pesticide	1442:1476	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	9	41	theme	nanoformulation	1154:1168	arg1	activity					1129:1136	The fungicidal activity	1114:1136	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation	1114:1168	The fungicidal activity of the prepared nanoformulation was evaluated against R. solani and was compared with commercial formulation of hexaconazole.
28034824	1	42	theme	pesticides	100:109	arg1	use					93:95	Accelerated use	81:95	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture	81:137	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	1	43	theme	chemicals	230:238	arg1	consumption					200:210	the consumption	196:210	the consumption of these perilous chemicals	196:238	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	3	44	dep	Fourier	516:522	arg1	transform					524:532	transform	524:532	transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope	524:562	The nanocapsules were characterized by photon correlation spectroscope (PCS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscope.
28034824	6	45	theme	controlled	865:874	arg1	release					876:882	controlled release	865:882	controlled release	865:882	Nanocapsules were analysed and compared with commercial formulation for controlled release in vitro at three different pH values.
28034824	7	46	from	pH	980:981	arg1	fastest					969:975	fastest	969:975	fastest	969:975	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules was fastest at pH 4 in comparison to pH 7 and pH 10.
28034824	1	47	from	use	93:95	arg1	agriculture					127:137	cutting edge agriculture	114:137	cutting edge agriculture	114:137	Accelerated use of pesticides in cutting edge agriculture prompted us to explore smart nanoformulations to subside the consumption of these perilous chemicals.
28034824	0	48	theme	hexaconazole	67:78	arg1	release					56:62	the controlled release	41:62	the controlled release of hexaconazole	41:78	Development of chitosan nanocapsules for the controlled release of hexaconazole.
28034824	8	49	from	study	1026:1030	arg1	soil					1035:1038	soil	1035:1038	soil	1035:1038	Release study in soil was also conducted and revealed a controlled pattern for nanoformulation.
28034824	7	50	theme	hexaconazole	934:945	arg1	Release					923:929	Release	923:929	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules	923:963	Release of hexaconazole from nanocapsules was fastest at pH 4 in comparison to pH 7 and pH 10.
28034824	4	51	theme	design	660:665	arg1	software					673:680	central composite design (CCD) software	642:680	central composite design (CCD) software	642:680	Nanocapsules were optimized for size and high encapsulation efficiency using central composite design (CCD) software.
28034824	4	52	theme	central	642:648	arg1	software					673:680	central composite design (CCD) software	642:680	central composite design (CCD) software	642:680	Nanocapsules were optimized for size and high encapsulation efficiency using central composite design (CCD) software.
28034824	10	53	theme	vero	1300:1303	arg1	lines					1310:1314	vero cell lines	1300:1314	vero cell lines	1300:1314	The cytotoxicity assay performed on vero cell lines by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay confirmed that nanoformulation is less toxic than commercial formulation of pesticide.
28034824	4	54	theme	composite	650:658	arg1	CCD					668:670	CCD	668:670	CCD	668:670	Nanocapsules were optimized for size and high encapsulation efficiency using central composite design (CCD) software.
28034824	4	54	theme	composite	650:658	arg1	design					660:665	composite design	650:665	central composite design (CCD) software	642:680	Nanocapsules were optimized for size and high encapsulation efficiency using central composite design (CCD) software.
26949374	6	0	theme	different	880:888	arg1	weights					900:906	different molecular weights	880:906	different molecular weights	880:906	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	11	1	theme	urinary	1503:1509	arg1	isoforms					1516:1523	the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1495:1523	the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1495:1523	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	7	2	located	detected	1114:1121	arg1	liver					1144:1148	liver	1144:1148	liver	1144:1148	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	2	located	detected	1114:1121	arg2	isoform					1049:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	2	located	detected	1114:1121	arg1	serum					1130:1134	serum	1130:1134	serum	1130:1134	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	2	located	detected	1114:1121	arg1	kidney					1154:1159	kidney	1154:1159	kidney	1154:1159	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	2	located	detected	1114:1121	arg2	isoform					1095:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	2	located	detected	1114:1121	arg1	urine					1137:1141	urine	1137:1141	urine	1137:1141	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	3	3	theme	male	514:517	arg1	mice					519:522	male mice	514:522	male mice	514:522	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	7	4	theme	22-kDa	1088:1093	arg1	isoform					1049:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	4	theme	22-kDa	1088:1093	arg1	isoform					1095:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	6	5	theme	LCN2	870:873	arg1	isoforms					850:857	Two isoforms	846:857	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights	838:906	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	17	6	theme	urinary	2301:2307	arg1	analyses					2314:2321	urinary LCN2 analyses	2301:2321	urinary LCN2 analyses	2301:2321	These findings are useful for widening the clinical applicability of urinary LCN2 analyses.
26949374	7	7	theme	weight	1081:1086	arg1	isoform					1049:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	7	theme	weight	1081:1086	arg1	isoform					1095:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	4	8	from	levels	656:661	arg1	urine					680:684	bladder urine	672:684	bladder urine	672:684	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	4	8	from	levels	656:661	arg1	urine					700:704	renal pelvic urine	687:704	renal pelvic urine	687:704	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	4	8	from	levels	656:661	arg1	sera					666:669	sera	666:669	sera	666:669	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	4	8	from	levels	656:661	arg1	samples					718:724	tissue samples	711:724	tissue samples	711:724	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	1	9	theme	proximal	277:284	arg1	tubules					286:292	the proximal tubules	273:292	the proximal tubules	273:292	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	12	10	theme	endoglycosidase	1642:1656	arg1	H					1666:1666	Endo H	1661:1666	Endo H	1661:1666	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	12	10	theme	endoglycosidase	1642:1656	arg1	H					1658:1658	endoglycosidase H	1642:1658	endoglycosidase H (Endo H)	1642:1667	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	7	11	theme	lower	1065:1069	arg1	weight					1081:1086	the lower molecular weight	1061:1086	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	16	12	theme	types	2144:2148	arg1	presence					2128:2135	the presence	2124:2135	the presence of two types of carbohydrate moieties	2124:2173	Furthermore, the sensitivity to Endo H identified the presence of two types of carbohydrate moieties, depending on the tissue in which the LCN2 was produced.
26949374	3	13	theme	intraperitoneal	533:547	arg1	injection					549:557	an intraperitoneal injection	530:557	an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	530:585	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	5	14	theme	LCN2	832:835	arg1	patterns					820:827	the different N-glycan patterns	797:827	the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2	797:835	Endo- and exoglycosidases were used to investigate the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2.
26949374	8	15	theme	LCN2	1186:1189	arg1	isoform					1191:1197	the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform	1175:1197	the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform	1175:1197	In contrast, the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform was detected only in urine.
26949374	16	16	theme	carbohydrate	2153:2164	arg1	moieties					2166:2173	carbohydrate moieties	2153:2173	carbohydrate moieties	2153:2173	Furthermore, the sensitivity to Endo H identified the presence of two types of carbohydrate moieties, depending on the tissue in which the LCN2 was produced.
26949374	13	17	from	ureter	1794:1799	arg1	liver					1780:1784	the liver	1776:1784	the liver	1776:1784	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	7	18	theme	LCN2	1044:1047	arg1	isoform					1049:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	18	theme	LCN2	1044:1047	arg1	isoform					1095:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	5	19	theme	different	801:809	arg1	patterns					820:827	the different N-glycan patterns	797:827	the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2	797:835	Endo- and exoglycosidases were used to investigate the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2.
26949374	3	20	theme	mouse	595:599	arg1	model					601:605	a mouse model	593:605	a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO)	593:644	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	1	21	theme	kidney	225:230	arg1	injury					232:237	kidney injury	225:237	kidney injury	225:237	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	13	22	from	LCN2	1674:1677	arg1	kidney					1702:1707	kidney	1702:1707	kidney	1702:1707	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	13	22	from	LCN2	1674:1677	arg1	lung					1693:1696	lung	1693:1696	lung	1693:1696	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	13	22	from	LCN2	1674:1677	arg1	serum					1686:1690	the serum	1682:1690	the serum	1682:1690	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	13	23	from	LCN2	1768:1771	arg1	liver					1780:1784	the liver	1776:1784	the liver	1776:1784	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	12	24	theme	LCN2	1579:1582	arg1	sensitive					1598:1606	sensitive	1598:1606	sensitive	1598:1606	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	12	24	theme	LCN2	1579:1582	arg1	proteins					1584:1591	the two urinary LCN2 proteins	1563:1591	the two urinary LCN2 proteins	1563:1591	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	4	25	theme	pelvic	693:698	arg1	urine					700:704	renal pelvic urine	687:704	renal pelvic urine	687:704	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	3	26	theme	ureter	621:626	arg1	UUO					641:643	UUO	641:643	UUO	641:643	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	3	26	theme	ureter	621:626	arg1	obstruction					628:638	unilateral ureter obstruction	610:638	unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO)	610:644	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	1	27	theme	glycoprotein	160:171	arg1	lipocalin					173:181	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2	152:183	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2)	152:190	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	1	27	theme	glycoprotein	160:171	arg1	LCN2					186:189	LCN2	186:189	LCN2	186:189	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	1	28	dep	BACKGROUND	127:136	arg1	known					201:205	known	201:205	has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues	192:333	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	4	29	theme	bladder	672:678	arg1	urine					680:684	bladder urine	672:684	bladder urine	672:684	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	13	30	theme	Endo	1726:1729	arg1	H					1731:1731	Endo H	1726:1731	Endo H	1726:1731	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	0	31	theme	glycosylated	101:112	arg1	Lipocalin					114:122	glycosylated Lipocalin 2	101:124	glycosylated Lipocalin 2	101:124	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	14	32	theme	LCN2	1917:1920	arg1	proteins					1922:1929	the LCN2 proteins	1913:1929	the LCN2 proteins	1913:1929	CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure.
26949374	17	33	theme	analyses	2314:2321	arg1	applicability					2284:2296	the clinical applicability	2271:2296	the clinical applicability of urinary LCN2 analyses	2271:2321	These findings are useful for widening the clinical applicability of urinary LCN2 analyses.
26949374	16	34	theme	Endo	2106:2109	arg1	H					2111:2111	Endo H	2106:2111	Endo H	2106:2111	Furthermore, the sensitivity to Endo H identified the presence of two types of carbohydrate moieties, depending on the tissue in which the LCN2 was produced.
26949374	14	35	theme	molecular	1892:1900	arg1	weights					1902:1908	the molecular weights	1888:1908	the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins	1888:1929	CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure.
26949374	0	36	theme	Lipopolysaccharide-induced	0:25	arg1	inflammation					27:38	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation	0:38	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation	0:38	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	10	37	theme	22-kDa	1386:1391	arg1	LCN2					1393:1396	The 22-kDa LCN2	1382:1396	The 22-kDa LCN2	1382:1396	The 22-kDa LCN2 was identified in the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice.
26949374	4	38	theme	tissue	711:716	arg1	samples					718:724	tissue samples	711:724	tissue samples	711:724	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	1	39	theme	direct	297:302	arg1	secretion					304:312	direct secretion	297:312	direct secretion from injured tissues	297:333	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	6	40	theme	LPS	1012:1014	arg1	administration					1016:1029	LPS administration	1012:1029	LPS administration	1012:1029	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	2	41	theme	LCN2	425:428	arg1	diversity					412:420	the isoform diversity	400:420	the isoform diversity of LCN2	400:428	However, the relationship between urinary tract obstruction and the isoform diversity of LCN2 has not been examined.
26949374	2	41	theme	LCN2	425:428	arg1	obstruction					384:394	urinary tract obstruction	370:394	urinary tract obstruction	370:394	However, the relationship between urinary tract obstruction and the isoform diversity of LCN2 has not been examined.
26949374	0	42	theme	ureteral	54:61	arg1	obstruction					63:73	unilateral ureteral obstruction	43:73	unilateral ureteral obstruction	43:73	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	9	43	theme	24-kDa	1269:1274	arg1	LCN2					1276:1279	the 24-kDa LCN2	1265:1279	the 24-kDa LCN2	1265:1279	In the UUO experiments, the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2 were increased in the bladder urine but not in the urine accumulated in the renal pelvis due to UUO.
26949374	15	44	theme	inflammatory	2036:2047	arg1	response					2049:2056	the inflammatory response	2032:2056	the inflammatory response to LPS and UUO	2032:2071	The high molecular weight LCN2 in urine could be detected after the inflammatory response to LPS and UUO.
26949374	11	45	theme	F	1480:1480	arg1	digestion					1482:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion	1454:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1454:1523	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	3	46	dep	METHODS	453:459	arg1	levels					473:478	The urinary levels	461:478	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms	453:495	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	6	47	with	LCN2	870:873	arg1	weights					900:906	different molecular weights	880:906	different molecular weights	880:906	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	11	48	theme	peptide-N	1458:1466	arg1	digestion					1482:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion	1454:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1454:1523	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	3	49	theme	LCN2	483:486	arg1	isoforms					488:495	LCN2 isoforms	483:495	LCN2 isoforms	483:495	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	12	50	theme	Endo	1661:1664	arg1	H					1666:1666	Endo H	1661:1666	Endo H	1661:1666	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	12	50	theme	Endo	1661:1664	arg1	H					1658:1658	endoglycosidase H	1642:1658	endoglycosidase H (Endo H)	1642:1667	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	15	51	theme	high	1972:1975	arg1	weight					1987:1992	The high molecular weight	1968:1992	The high molecular weight LCN2 in urine	1968:2006	The high molecular weight LCN2 in urine could be detected after the inflammatory response to LPS and UUO.
26949374	9	52	theme	bladder	1303:1309	arg1	urine					1311:1315	the bladder urine	1299:1315	the bladder urine	1299:1315	In the UUO experiments, the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2 were increased in the bladder urine but not in the urine accumulated in the renal pelvis due to UUO.
26949374	6	53	theme	molecular	890:898	arg1	weights					900:906	different molecular weights	880:906	different molecular weights	880:906	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	17	54	theme	clinical	2275:2282	arg1	applicability					2284:2296	the clinical applicability	2271:2296	the clinical applicability of urinary LCN2 analyses	2271:2321	These findings are useful for widening the clinical applicability of urinary LCN2 analyses.
26949374	1	55	theme	injured	319:325	arg1	tissues					327:333	injured tissues	319:333	injured tissues	319:333	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	10	56	theme	renal	1420:1424	arg1	urine					1433:1437	the renal pelvic urine	1416:1437	the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice	1416:1451	The 22-kDa LCN2 was identified in the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice.
26949374	1	57	from	tissues	327:333	arg1	secretion					304:312	direct secretion	297:312	direct secretion from injured tissues	297:333	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	1	57	from	tissues	327:333	arg1	reabsorption					257:268	failed reabsorption	250:268	failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules	250:292	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	2	58	theme	urinary	370:376	arg1	obstruction					384:394	urinary tract obstruction	370:394	urinary tract obstruction	370:394	However, the relationship between urinary tract obstruction and the isoform diversity of LCN2 has not been examined.
26949374	11	59	theme	LCN2	1511:1514	arg1	isoforms					1516:1523	the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1495:1523	the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1495:1523	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	7	60	theme	molecular	1071:1079	arg1	weight					1081:1086	the lower molecular weight	1061:1086	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	6	61	theme	urinary	862:868	arg1	LCN2					870:873	urinary LCN2	862:873	urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights	862:906	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	16	62	theme	moieties	2166:2173	arg1	types					2144:2148	two types	2140:2148	two types of carbohydrate moieties	2140:2173	Furthermore, the sensitivity to Endo H identified the presence of two types of carbohydrate moieties, depending on the tissue in which the LCN2 was produced.
26949374	10	63	theme	UUO	1444:1446	arg1	mice					1448:1451	UUO mice	1444:1451	UUO mice	1444:1451	The 22-kDa LCN2 was identified in the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice.
26949374	11	64	theme	single	1537:1542	arg1	protein					1544:1550	a single protein	1535:1550	a single protein	1535:1550	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	4	65	theme	LCN2	651:654	arg1	levels					656:661	The LCN2 levels	647:661	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples	647:724	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	7	66	theme	primary	1036:1042	arg1	isoform					1049:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform	1032:1055	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	7	66	theme	primary	1036:1042	arg1	isoform					1095:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform	1061:1101	The primary LCN2 isoform was the lower molecular weight 22-kDa isoform, which was detected in the serum, urine, liver and kidney.
26949374	3	67	theme	lipopolysaccharide	562:579	arg1	injection					549:557	an intraperitoneal injection	530:557	an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	530:585	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	9	68	theme	renal	1357:1361	arg1	pelvis					1363:1368	the renal pelvis	1353:1368	the renal pelvis due to UUO	1353:1379	In the UUO experiments, the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2 were increased in the bladder urine but not in the urine accumulated in the renal pelvis due to UUO.
26949374	6	69	theme	immunoblotting	930:943	arg1	analysis					945:952	an immunoblotting analysis	927:952	an immunoblotting analysis	927:952	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	14	70	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1831:1841	arg1	suggest					1857:1863	suggest	1857:1863	suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure	1857:1965	CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure.
26949374	14	71	theme	N-glycan	1948:1955	arg1	structure					1957:1965	their N-glycan structure	1942:1965	their N-glycan structure	1942:1965	CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure.
26949374	1	72	gly	glycoprotein	160:171	arg1	glycoprotein					160:171	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2	152:183	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2)	152:190	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	8	73	theme	24-kDa	1179:1184	arg1	isoform					1191:1197	the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform	1175:1197	the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform	1175:1197	In contrast, the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform was detected only in urine.
26949374	5	74	theme	N-glycan	811:818	arg1	patterns					820:827	the different N-glycan patterns	797:827	the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2	797:835	Endo- and exoglycosidases were used to investigate the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2.
26949374	3	75	theme	unilateral	610:619	arg1	UUO					641:643	UUO	641:643	UUO	641:643	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	3	75	theme	unilateral	610:619	arg1	obstruction					628:638	unilateral ureter obstruction	610:638	unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO)	610:644	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	1	76	theme	urinary	152:158	arg1	lipocalin					173:181	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2	152:183	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2)	152:190	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	1	76	theme	urinary	152:158	arg1	LCN2					186:189	LCN2	186:189	LCN2	186:189	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	12	77	theme	urinary	1571:1577	arg1	sensitive					1598:1606	sensitive	1598:1606	sensitive	1598:1606	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	12	77	theme	urinary	1571:1577	arg1	proteins					1584:1591	the two urinary LCN2 proteins	1563:1591	the two urinary LCN2 proteins	1563:1591	Moreover, the two urinary LCN2 proteins were sensitive to neuraminidase and resistant to endoglycosidase H (Endo H).
26949374	4	78	theme	renal	687:691	arg1	urine					700:704	renal pelvic urine	687:704	renal pelvic urine	687:704	The LCN2 levels in sera, bladder urine, renal pelvic urine, and tissue samples were also analyzed.
26949374	1	79	theme	lipocalin	173:181	arg1	amount					142:147	The amount	138:147	The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2)	138:190	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	1	79	theme	lipocalin	173:181	arg1	lipocalin					173:181	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2	152:183	urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2)	152:190	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	1	79	theme	lipocalin	173:181	arg1	LCN2					186:189	LCN2	186:189	LCN2	186:189	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26949374	6	80	theme	isoforms	978:985	arg1	levels					963:968	the levels	959:968	the levels of both isoforms	959:985	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	0	81	theme	Lipocalin	114:122	arg1	types					92:96	multiple types	83:96	multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2	83:124	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	15	82	theme	molecular	1977:1985	arg1	weight					1987:1992	The high molecular weight	1968:1992	The high molecular weight LCN2 in urine	1968:2006	The high molecular weight LCN2 in urine could be detected after the inflammatory response to LPS and UUO.
26949374	14	83	theme	proteins	1922:1929	arg1	weights					1902:1908	the molecular weights	1888:1908	the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins	1888:1929	CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure.
26949374	17	84	theme	LCN2	2309:2312	arg1	analyses					2314:2321	urinary LCN2 analyses	2301:2321	urinary LCN2 analyses	2301:2321	These findings are useful for widening the clinical applicability of urinary LCN2 analyses.
26949374	9	85	theme	UUO	1234:1236	arg1	experiments					1238:1248	the UUO experiments	1230:1248	the UUO experiments	1230:1248	In the UUO experiments, the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2 were increased in the bladder urine but not in the urine accumulated in the renal pelvis due to UUO.
26949374	0	86	gly	glycosylated	101:112	arg1	Lipocalin					114:122	glycosylated Lipocalin 2	101:124	glycosylated Lipocalin 2	101:124	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	2	87	theme	isoform	404:410	arg1	diversity					412:420	the isoform diversity	400:420	the isoform diversity of LCN2	400:428	However, the relationship between urinary tract obstruction and the isoform diversity of LCN2 has not been examined.
26949374	8	88	located	detected	1203:1210	arg1	urine					1220:1224	urine	1220:1224	urine	1220:1224	In contrast, the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform was detected only in urine.
26949374	8	88	located	detected	1203:1210	arg2	isoform					1191:1197	the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform	1175:1197	the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform	1175:1197	In contrast, the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform was detected only in urine.
26949374	8	88	located	detected	1203:1210	arg1	contrast					1165:1172	contrast	1165:1172	contrast	1165:1172	In contrast, the 24-kDa LCN2 isoform was detected only in urine.
26949374	0	89	theme	unilateral	43:52	arg1	obstruction					63:73	unilateral ureteral obstruction	43:73	unilateral ureteral obstruction	43:73	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	9	90	theme	due	1370:1372	arg1	pelvis					1363:1368	the renal pelvis	1353:1368	the renal pelvis due to UUO	1353:1379	In the UUO experiments, the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2 were increased in the bladder urine but not in the urine accumulated in the renal pelvis due to UUO.
26949374	3	91	theme	obstruction	628:638	arg1	model					601:605	a mouse model	593:605	a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO)	593:644	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	11	92	theme	glycosidase	1468:1478	arg1	digestion					1482:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion	1454:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1454:1523	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	3	93	theme	urinary	465:471	arg1	levels					473:478	The urinary levels	461:478	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms	453:495	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	0	94	theme	multiple	83:90	arg1	types					92:96	multiple types	83:96	multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2	83:124	Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation or unilateral ureteral obstruction yielded multiple types of glycosylated Lipocalin 2.
26949374	9	95	theme	LCN2	1276:1279	arg1	levels					1255:1260	the levels	1251:1260	the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2	1251:1279	In the UUO experiments, the levels of the 24-kDa LCN2 were increased in the bladder urine but not in the urine accumulated in the renal pelvis due to UUO.
26949374	14	96	from	difference	1874:1883	arg1	weights					1902:1908	the molecular weights	1888:1908	the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins	1888:1929	CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the difference in the molecular weights of the LCN2 proteins was due to their N-glycan structure.
26949374	13	97	dep	resistant	1713:1721	arg1	LCN2					1674:1677	The LCN2	1670:1677	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney	1670:1707	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	13	97	dep	resistant	1713:1721	arg1	whereas					1756:1762	whereas	1756:1762	whereas	1756:1762	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	13	97	dep	resistant	1713:1721	arg1	resistant					1713:1721	resistant	1713:1721	resistant	1713:1721	The LCN2 in the serum, lung and kidney was resistant to Endo H, as observed in urine, whereas the LCN2 in the liver and the ureter were degraded by this enzyme.
26949374	6	98	dep	RESULTS	838:844	arg1	isoforms					850:857	Two isoforms	846:857	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights	838:906	RESULTS Two isoforms of urinary LCN2 with different molecular weights were identified in an immunoblotting analysis, and the levels of both isoforms were increased 6 h after LPS administration.
26949374	5	99	used	used	777:780	arg2	exoglycosidases					756:770	exoglycosidases	756:770	exoglycosidases	756:770	Endo- and exoglycosidases were used to investigate the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2.
26949374	5	99	used	used	777:780	arg2	Endo-					746:750	Endo-	746:750	Endo-	746:750	Endo- and exoglycosidases were used to investigate the different N-glycan patterns of LCN2.
26949374	3	100	theme	isoforms	488:495	arg1	levels					473:478	The urinary levels	461:478	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms	453:495	METHODS The urinary levels of LCN2 isoforms were examined in male mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or in a mouse model of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO).
26949374	10	101	from	mice	1448:1451	arg1	urine					1433:1437	the renal pelvic urine	1416:1437	the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice	1416:1451	The 22-kDa LCN2 was identified in the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice.
26949374	10	102	theme	pelvic	1426:1431	arg1	urine					1433:1437	the renal pelvic urine	1416:1437	the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice	1416:1451	The 22-kDa LCN2 was identified in the renal pelvic urine from UUO mice.
26949374	11	103	theme	isoforms	1516:1523	arg1	digestion					1482:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion	1454:1490	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms	1454:1523	The peptide-N glycosidase F digestion of the two urinary LCN2 isoforms generated a single protein.
26949374	2	104	theme	tract	378:382	arg1	obstruction					384:394	urinary tract obstruction	370:394	urinary tract obstruction	370:394	However, the relationship between urinary tract obstruction and the isoform diversity of LCN2 has not been examined.
26949374	1	105	theme	failed	250:255	arg1	reabsorption					257:268	failed reabsorption	250:268	failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules	250:292	BACKGROUND The amount of urinary glycoprotein lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been known to increase after kidney injury because of failed reabsorption by the proximal tubules or direct secretion from injured tissues.
26485061	4	0	theme	breaking	511:518	arg1	yard					520:523	ship breaking yard	506:523	ship breaking yard	506:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	5	1	theme	·h	610:611	arg1	-1					621:622	-1	621:622	-1	621:622	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	5	1	theme	·h	610:611	arg1	·bar					616:619	>600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar	598:619	>600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1)	598:623	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	5	2	theme	>99	545:547	arg1	%					548:548	%	548:548	%	548:548	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	1	3	theme	aerogel	156:162	arg1	membrane					164:171	aerogel membrane	156:171	aerogel membrane	156:171	Here, we demonstrate direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane.
26485061	5	4	theme	flux	585:588	arg1	rate					590:593	a flux rate	583:593	a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1)	583:623	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	0	5	dep	Membrane	23:30	arg1	Separation					65:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane for Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation.
26485061	6	6	theme	disposal	688:695	arg1	possibilities					697:709	greener disposal possibilities	680:709	greener disposal possibilities	680:709	After repeated use, aerogel membranes were tested for greener disposal possibilities by biodegrading membrane in soil.
26485061	1	7	from	waste	144:148	arg1	recovery					105:112	direct recovery	98:112	direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane	98:171	Here, we demonstrate direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane.
26485061	5	8	theme	L·m	603:605	arg1	-1					621:622	-1	621:622	-1	621:622	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	5	8	theme	L·m	603:605	arg1	·bar					616:619	>600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar	598:619	>600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1)	598:623	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	6	9	theme	repeated	632:639	arg1	use					641:643	repeated use	632:643	repeated use	632:643	After repeated use, aerogel membranes were tested for greener disposal possibilities by biodegrading membrane in soil.
26485061	4	10	theme	ship	506:509	arg1	yard					520:523	ship breaking yard	506:523	ship breaking yard	506:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	0	11	theme	Aerogel	15:21	arg1	Membrane					23:30	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane	0:30	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane	0:30	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane for Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation.
26485061	5	12	theme	High	526:529	arg1	quality					531:537	High quality	526:537	High quality (with >99% purity) water	526:562	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	0	13	theme	Chitosan-Based	0:13	arg1	Membrane					23:30	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane	0:30	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane	0:30	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane for Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation.
26485061	4	14	from	sample	484:489	arg1	recovery					438:445	recovery	438:445	recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	438:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	4	14	from	sample	484:489	arg1	water					463:467	high quality water	450:467	high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	450:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	1	15	theme	direct	98:103	arg1	recovery					105:112	direct recovery	98:112	direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane	98:171	Here, we demonstrate direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane.
26485061	0	16	theme	Oil-in-Water	43:54	arg1	Separation					65:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane for Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation.
26485061	4	17	theme	water	463:467	arg1	recovery					438:445	recovery	438:445	recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	438:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	2	18	theme	bio-origin	251:260	arg1	genipin					262:268	bio-origin genipin	251:268	bio-origin genipin	251:268	Chitosan-based gel was transformed into highly porous aerogel membrane using bio-origin genipin as cross-linking agent.
26485061	0	19	theme	Robust	36:41	arg1	Separation					65:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane for Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation.
26485061	3	20	theme	Aerogel	294:300	arg1	membranes					302:310	Aerogel membranes	294:310	Aerogel membranes	294:310	Aerogel membranes were characterized for their morphology using SEM, chemical composition by FTIR and solid-UV.
26485061	4	21	theme	spill	478:482	arg1	sample					484:489	oil spill sample	474:489	oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	474:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	5	22	theme	%	548:548	arg1	purity					550:555	>99% purity	545:555	>99% purity	545:555	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	5	23	theme	·bar	616:619	arg1	rate					590:593	a flux rate	583:593	a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1)	583:623	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	4	24	theme	oil	474:476	arg1	sample					484:489	oil spill sample	474:489	oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	474:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	6	25	theme	greener	680:686	arg1	possibilities					697:709	greener disposal possibilities	680:709	greener disposal possibilities	680:709	After repeated use, aerogel membranes were tested for greener disposal possibilities by biodegrading membrane in soil.
26485061	1	26	theme	water	117:121	arg1	recovery					105:112	direct recovery	98:112	direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane	98:171	Here, we demonstrate direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane.
26485061	0	27	theme	Emulsion	56:63	arg1	Separation					65:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation	36:74	Chitosan-Based Aerogel Membrane for Robust Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation.
26485061	2	28	theme	porous	221:226	arg1	membrane					236:243	highly porous aerogel membrane	214:243	highly porous aerogel membrane	214:243	Chitosan-based gel was transformed into highly porous aerogel membrane using bio-origin genipin as cross-linking agent.
26485061	2	29	theme	aerogel	228:234	arg1	membrane					236:243	highly porous aerogel membrane	214:243	highly porous aerogel membrane	214:243	Chitosan-based gel was transformed into highly porous aerogel membrane using bio-origin genipin as cross-linking agent.
26485061	2	30	theme	Chitosan-based	174:187	arg1	gel					189:191	Chitosan-based gel	174:191	Chitosan-based gel	174:191	Chitosan-based gel was transformed into highly porous aerogel membrane using bio-origin genipin as cross-linking agent.
26485061	1	31	theme	stable	128:133	arg1	waste					144:148	stable emulsion waste	128:148	stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane	128:171	Here, we demonstrate direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane.
26485061	4	32	from	recovery	438:445	arg1	sample					484:489	oil spill sample	474:489	oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	474:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	4	33	theme	quality	455:461	arg1	water					463:467	high quality water	450:467	high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	450:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	2	34	theme	cross-linking	273:285	arg1	agent					287:291	cross-linking agent	273:291	cross-linking agent	273:291	Chitosan-based gel was transformed into highly porous aerogel membrane using bio-origin genipin as cross-linking agent.
26485061	5	35	theme	quality	531:537	arg1	water					558:562	High quality (with >99% purity) water	526:562	High quality (with >99% purity) water	526:562	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	1	36	theme	emulsion	135:142	arg1	waste					144:148	stable emulsion waste	128:148	stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane	128:171	Here, we demonstrate direct recovery of water from stable emulsion waste using aerogel membrane.
26485061	4	37	theme	high	450:453	arg1	water					463:467	high quality water	450:467	high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard	450:523	Further, aerogel was tested for recovery of high quality water from oil spill sample collected from ship breaking yard.
26485061	5	38	with	quality	531:537	arg1	purity					550:555	>99% purity	545:555	>99% purity	545:555	High quality (with >99% purity) water was recovered with a flux rate of >600 L·m(-2)·h(-1)·bar(-1).
26485061	3	39	theme	chemical	363:370	arg1	SEM					358:360	SEM	358:360	SEM	358:360	Aerogel membranes were characterized for their morphology using SEM, chemical composition by FTIR and solid-UV.
26485061	3	39	theme	chemical	363:370	arg1	composition					372:382	chemical composition	363:382	chemical composition	363:382	Aerogel membranes were characterized for their morphology using SEM, chemical composition by FTIR and solid-UV.
26485061	6	40	theme	aerogel	646:652	arg1	membranes					654:662	aerogel membranes	646:662	aerogel membranes	646:662	After repeated use, aerogel membranes were tested for greener disposal possibilities by biodegrading membrane in soil.
26882962	4	0	theme	pH	448:449	arg1	values					451:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	9	1	theme	P	1366:1366	arg1	metabolism					1354:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism	1325:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05)	1325:1374	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	9	1	theme	P	1366:1366	arg1	<					1368:1368	P < 0.05	1366:1373	P < 0.05	1366:1373	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	2	2	from	effect	255:260	arg1	microbiota					292:301	fecal microbiota	286:301	fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides	286:328	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plant polyphenols on fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides.
26882962	12	3	theme	dietary	1692:1698	arg1	fibers					1700:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers	1653:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols	1653:1749	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	0	4	theme	fecal	69:73	arg1	Bacteroidetes					75:87	fecal Bacteroidetes	69:87	fecal Bacteroidetes	69:87	Plant polyphenols alter a pathway of energy metabolism by inhibiting fecal Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in vitro.
26882962	6	5	theme	same	943:946	arg1	time					948:951	the same time	939:951	the same time	939:951	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	6	6	theme	P	894:894	arg1	Bacteroidetes					879:891	Bacteroidetes	879:891	Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01)	879:902	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	6	6	theme	P	894:894	arg1	<					896:896	P < 0.01	894:901	P < 0.01	894:901	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	12	7	theme	plant	1733:1737	arg1	polyphenols					1739:1749	plant polyphenols	1733:1749	plant polyphenols	1733:1749	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	8	8	theme	intense	1180:1186	arg1	activity					1199:1206	the most intense inhibitory activity	1171:1206	the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes	1171:1257	Among the tested polyphenols, catechin presented the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and quercetin was the second.
26882962	11	9	theme	plant	1565:1569	arg1	polyphenols					1571:1581	plant polyphenols	1565:1581	plant polyphenols	1565:1581	It may be one of the mechanisms in which plant polyphenols can lead to body weight loss.
26882962	3	10	theme	plant	337:341	arg1	quercetin					356:364	quercetin	356:364	quercetin	356:364	Three plant polyphenols, quercetin, catechin and puerarin, were added into liquid media for fermenting for 24 h.
26882962	3	10	theme	plant	337:341	arg1	polyphenols					343:353	Three plant polyphenols	331:353	Three plant polyphenols	331:353	Three plant polyphenols, quercetin, catechin and puerarin, were added into liquid media for fermenting for 24 h.
26882962	3	10	theme	plant	337:341	arg1	puerarin					380:387	puerarin	380:387	puerarin	380:387	Three plant polyphenols, quercetin, catechin and puerarin, were added into liquid media for fermenting for 24 h.
26882962	3	10	theme	plant	337:341	arg1	catechin					367:374	catechin	367:374	catechin	367:374	Three plant polyphenols, quercetin, catechin and puerarin, were added into liquid media for fermenting for 24 h.
26882962	9	11	theme	energy	1347:1352	arg1	metabolism					1354:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism	1325:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05)	1325:1374	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	9	11	theme	energy	1347:1352	arg1	<					1368:1368	P < 0.05	1366:1373	P < 0.05	1366:1373	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	12	12	theme	gastrointestinal	1653:1668	arg1	fibers					1700:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers	1653:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols	1653:1749	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	5	13	theme	Quantitative	737:748	arg1	Insights					750:757	the software Quantitative Insights	724:757	the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology	724:780	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	9	14	contain	had	1321:1323	arg2	<					1368:1368	P < 0.05	1366:1373	P < 0.05	1366:1373	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	9	14	contain	had	1321:1323	arg2	metabolism					1354:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism	1325:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05)	1325:1374	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	9	14	contain	had	1321:1323	arg1	samples					1299:1305	Only the samples	1290:1305	Only the samples with catechin	1290:1319	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	6	15	theme	Firmicutes	908:917	arg1	growth					869:874	the growth	865:874	the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01)	865:928	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	12	16	theme	fermenting	1681:1690	arg1	fibers					1700:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers	1653:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols	1653:1749	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	1	17	theme	body	163:166	arg1	weight					168:173	body weight	163:173	body weight	163:173	The function of plant polyphenols in controlling body weight has been in focus for a long time.
26882962	6	18	theme	Bacteroidetes	879:891	arg1	growth					869:874	the growth	865:874	the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01)	865:928	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	12	19	theme	microbiota	1670:1679	arg1	fibers					1700:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers	1653:1705	gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols	1653:1749	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	8	20	theme	inhibitory	1188:1197	arg1	activity					1199:1206	the most intense inhibitory activity	1171:1206	the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes	1171:1257	Among the tested polyphenols, catechin presented the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and quercetin was the second.
26882962	5	21	theme	bacterial	683:691	arg1	composition					693:703	the bacterial composition	679:703	the bacterial composition	679:703	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	3	22	theme	liquid	406:411	arg1	media					413:417	liquid media	406:417	liquid media for fermenting for 24 h	406:441	Three plant polyphenols, quercetin, catechin and puerarin, were added into liquid media for fermenting for 24 h.
26882962	10	23	theme	plant	1392:1396	arg1	polyphenols					1398:1408	plant polyphenols	1392:1408	plant polyphenols	1392:1408	In conclusion, plant polyphenols can change the pathway of degrading FOS or even energy metabolism in vivo by altering gut microbiota composition.
26882962	2	24	theme	polyphenols	271:281	arg1	effect					255:260	the effect	251:260	the effect of plant polyphenols on fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides	251:328	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plant polyphenols on fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides.
26882962	4	25	from	h	541:541	arg1	values					451:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	4	25	from	h	541:541	arg1	OD600					459:463	OD600	459:463	OD600 of the cultures	459:479	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	4	25	from	h	541:541	arg1	content					489:495	the content	485:495	the content of carbohydrates	485:512	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	10	26	theme	energy	1458:1463	arg1	metabolism					1465:1474	energy metabolism	1458:1474	energy metabolism	1458:1474	In conclusion, plant polyphenols can change the pathway of degrading FOS or even energy metabolism in vivo by altering gut microbiota composition.
26882962	0	27	theme	Plant	0:4	arg1	polyphenols					6:16	Plant polyphenols	0:16	Plant polyphenols	0:16	Plant polyphenols alter a pathway of energy metabolism by inhibiting fecal Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in vitro.
26882962	11	28	theme	weight	1600:1605	arg1	loss					1607:1610	body weight loss	1595:1610	body weight loss	1595:1610	It may be one of the mechanisms in which plant polyphenols can lead to body weight loss.
26882962	6	29	theme	plant	819:823	arg1	polyphenols					825:835	all three plant polyphenols	809:835	all three plant polyphenols	809:835	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	10	30	theme	microbiota	1500:1509	arg1	composition					1511:1521	gut microbiota composition	1496:1521	gut microbiota composition	1496:1521	In conclusion, plant polyphenols can change the pathway of degrading FOS or even energy metabolism in vivo by altering gut microbiota composition.
26882962	2	31	theme	plant	265:269	arg1	polyphenols					271:281	plant polyphenols	265:281	plant polyphenols	265:281	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plant polyphenols on fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides.
26882962	5	32	theme	Microbial	764:772	arg1	Ecology					774:780	Microbial Ecology	764:780	Microbial Ecology	764:780	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	10	33	theme	gut	1496:1498	arg1	composition					1511:1521	gut microbiota composition	1496:1521	gut microbiota composition	1496:1521	In conclusion, plant polyphenols can change the pathway of degrading FOS or even energy metabolism in vivo by altering gut microbiota composition.
26882962	6	34	theme	P	1009:1009	arg1	Firmicutes					997:1006	Firmicutes	997:1006	Firmicutes (P < 0.01)	997:1017	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	6	34	theme	P	1009:1009	arg1	<					1011:1011	P < 0.01	1009:1016	P < 0.01	1009:1016	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	4	35	theme	carbohydrates	500:512	arg1	values					451:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	4	35	theme	carbohydrates	500:512	arg1	OD600					459:463	OD600	459:463	OD600 of the cultures	459:479	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	4	35	theme	carbohydrates	500:512	arg1	content					489:495	the content	485:495	the content of carbohydrates	485:512	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	5	36	theme	Firmicutes	595:604	arg1	abundance					564:572	The abundance	560:572	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture	560:620	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	11	37	theme	body	1595:1598	arg1	loss					1607:1610	body weight loss	1595:1610	body weight loss	1595:1610	It may be one of the mechanisms in which plant polyphenols can lead to body weight loss.
26882962	9	38	with	samples	1299:1305	arg1	catechin					1312:1319	catechin	1312:1319	catechin	1312:1319	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	6	39	theme	P	920:920	arg1	<					922:922	P < 0.01	920:927	P < 0.01	920:927	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	6	39	theme	P	920:920	arg1	Bacteroidetes					879:891	Bacteroidetes	879:891	Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01)	879:902	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	5	40	theme	fermentation	661:672	arg1	h					656:656	10 h	653:656	10 h of fermentation	653:672	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	12	41	theme	polyphenols	1739:1749	arg1	intervention					1717:1728	the intervention	1713:1728	the intervention of plant polyphenols	1713:1749	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	8	42	theme	Bacteroidetes	1230:1242	arg1	growth					1220:1225	the growth	1216:1225	the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes	1216:1257	Among the tested polyphenols, catechin presented the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and quercetin was the second.
26882962	5	43	theme	software	728:735	arg1	Insights					750:757	the software Quantitative Insights	724:757	the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology	724:780	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	0	44	theme	metabolism	44:53	arg1	pathway					26:32	a pathway	24:32	a pathway of energy metabolism	24:53	Plant polyphenols alter a pathway of energy metabolism by inhibiting fecal Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in vitro.
26882962	0	45	theme	energy	37:42	arg1	metabolism					44:53	energy metabolism	37:53	energy metabolism	37:53	Plant polyphenols alter a pathway of energy metabolism by inhibiting fecal Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in vitro.
26882962	7	46	theme	fecal	1028:1032	arg1	bacteria					1034:1041	the fecal bacteria	1024:1041	the fecal bacteria	1024:1041	But the fecal bacteria could maintain the ability to hydrolyze fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) in vitro.
26882962	8	47	theme	Firmicutes	1248:1257	arg1	growth					1220:1225	the growth	1216:1225	the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes	1216:1257	Among the tested polyphenols, catechin presented the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and quercetin was the second.
26882962	6	48	theme	Bacteroidetes	980:992	arg1	ratio					971:975	the ratio	967:975	the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01)	967:1017	The results revealed that all three plant polyphenols could significantly inhibit the growth of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.01) and Firmicutes (P < 0.01) while at the same time down-regulate the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes (P < 0.01).
26882962	4	49	theme	cultures	472:479	arg1	values					451:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values	444:456	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	4	49	theme	cultures	472:479	arg1	OD600					459:463	OD600	459:463	OD600 of the cultures	459:479	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	4	49	theme	cultures	472:479	arg1	content					489:495	the content	485:495	the content of carbohydrates	485:512	The pH values, OD600 of the cultures and the content of carbohydrates at 0, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 24 h were determined.
26882962	2	50	theme	study	226:230	arg1	aim					214:216	The aim	210:216	The aim of this study	210:230	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plant polyphenols on fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides.
26882962	2	51	theme	fecal	286:290	arg1	microbiota					292:301	fecal microbiota	286:301	fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides	286:328	The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plant polyphenols on fecal microbiota utilizing oligosaccharides.
26882962	1	52	theme	long	199:202	arg1	time					204:207	a long time	197:207	a long time	197:207	The function of plant polyphenols in controlling body weight has been in focus for a long time.
26882962	5	53	theme	Bacteroidetes	577:589	arg1	abundance					564:572	The abundance	560:572	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture	560:620	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
26882962	8	54	theme	tested	1132:1137	arg1	polyphenols					1139:1149	the tested polyphenols	1128:1149	the tested polyphenols	1128:1149	Among the tested polyphenols, catechin presented the most intense inhibitory activity towards the growth of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and quercetin was the second.
26882962	9	55	theme	lower	1341:1345	arg1	metabolism					1354:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism	1325:1363	a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05)	1325:1374	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	9	55	theme	lower	1341:1345	arg1	<					1368:1368	P < 0.05	1366:1373	P < 0.05	1366:1373	Only the samples with catechin had a significantly lower energy metabolism (P < 0.05).
26882962	12	56	theme	first	1622:1626	arg1	report					1628:1633	the first report	1618:1633	the first report	1618:1633	It's the first report to study in vitro gastrointestinal microbiota fermenting dietary fibers under the intervention of plant polyphenols.
26882962	1	57	theme	plant	130:134	arg1	polyphenols					136:146	plant polyphenols	130:146	plant polyphenols	130:146	The function of plant polyphenols in controlling body weight has been in focus for a long time.
26882962	11	58	theme	mechanisms	1545:1554	arg1	one					1534:1536	one	1534:1536	one	1534:1536	It may be one of the mechanisms in which plant polyphenols can lead to body weight loss.
26882962	11	58	theme	mechanisms	1545:1554	arg1	mechanisms					1545:1554	the mechanisms	1541:1554	the mechanisms in which plant polyphenols can lead to body weight loss	1541:1610	It may be one of the mechanisms in which plant polyphenols can lead to body weight loss.
26882962	1	59	theme	polyphenols	136:146	arg1	function					118:125	The function	114:125	The function of plant polyphenols in controlling body weight	114:173	The function of plant polyphenols in controlling body weight has been in focus for a long time.
26882962	5	60	from	abundance	564:572	arg1	culture					614:620	each culture	609:620	each culture	609:620	The abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in each culture was quantified with qPCR after 10 h of fermentation, and the bacterial composition was analyzed using the software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology.
27919544	1	0	from	biomass	323:329	arg1	effect					281:286	the effect	277:286	the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively	277:426	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	6	1	theme	materials	965:973	arg1	effects					946:952	The dual effects	937:952	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation	937:1014	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	0	2	from	effect	5:10	arg1	saccharification					78:93	simultaneous saccharification	65:93	simultaneous saccharification	65:93	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	0	2	from	effect	5:10	arg1	co-fermentation					99:113	co-fermentation	99:113	co-fermentation	99:113	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	0	2	from	effect	5:10	arg1	lignocellulose					47:60	pretreated lignocellulose	36:60	pretreated lignocellulose	36:60	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	1	3	theme	wash	169:172	arg1	liquors					174:180	wash liquors	169:180	wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	169:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	4	theme	ethanol	395:401	arg1	production					403:412	ethanol production	395:412	ethanol production	395:412	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	4	5	dep	stimulated	743:752	arg1	Whereas					624:630	Whereas	624:630	Whereas	624:630	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	6	6	theme	soluble	1062:1068	arg1	materials					1070:1078	soluble materials	1062:1078	soluble materials	1062:1078	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	6	7	from	effects	946:952	arg1	fermentation					1003:1014	fermentation	1003:1014	fermentation	1003:1014	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	6	7	from	effects	946:952	arg1	hydrolysis					988:997	enzymatic hydrolysis	978:997	enzymatic hydrolysis	978:997	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	0	8	from	lignocellulose	47:60	arg1	effect					5:10	Dual effect	0:10	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation	0:113	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	5	9	dep	sugars	867:872	arg1	sugars					867:872	sugars utilization and cell viability	867:903	sugars utilization and cell viability	867:903	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	9	dep	sugars	867:872	arg1	utilization					874:884	utilization	874:884	utilization	874:884	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	9	dep	sugars	867:872	arg1	viability					895:903	cell viability	890:903	cell viability	890:903	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	2	10	contain	had	454:456	arg1	Both					429:432	Both	429:432	Both	429:432	Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
27919544	2	10	contain	had	454:456	arg2	impacts					468:474	different impacts	458:474	different impacts	458:474	Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
27919544	2	10	contain	had	454:456	arg1	liquors					446:452	the wash liquors	437:452	the wash liquors	437:452	Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
27919544	6	11	theme	soluble	957:963	arg1	materials					965:973	soluble materials	957:973	soluble materials	957:973	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	3	12	theme	xylan	554:558	arg1	conversions					528:538	Enzymatic conversions	518:538	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan	518:558	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan monotonically decreased as wash liquor concentration increased.
27919544	4	13	theme	cell	695:698	arg1	viability					700:708	cell viability	695:708	cell viability	695:708	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	14	theme	Soluble	802:808	arg1	composition					840:850	the key composition	832:850	the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary	832:934	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	14	theme	Soluble	802:808	arg1	lignins					810:816	Soluble lignins	802:816	Soluble lignins	802:816	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	1	15	from	materials	299:307	arg1	biomass					323:329	pretreated biomass	312:329	pretreated biomass	312:329	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	4	16	theme	low	638:640	arg1	concentrations					654:667	low wash liquor concentrations	638:667	low wash liquor concentrations	638:667	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	4	17	theme	wash	642:645	arg1	concentrations					654:667	low wash liquor concentrations	638:667	low wash liquor concentrations	638:667	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	2	18	theme	different	458:466	arg1	impacts					468:474	different impacts	458:474	different impacts	458:474	Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
27919544	0	19	from	materials	23:31	arg1	lignocellulose					47:60	pretreated lignocellulose	36:60	pretreated lignocellulose	36:60	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	1	20	from	effect	281:286	arg1	SSCF					385:388	SSCF	385:388	SSCF	385:388	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	20	from	effect	281:286	arg1	co-fermentation					368:382	co-fermentation	368:382	co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production	368:412	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	20	from	effect	281:286	arg1	biomass					323:329	pretreated biomass	312:329	pretreated biomass	312:329	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	20	from	effect	281:286	arg1	saccharification					347:362	simultaneous saccharification	334:362	simultaneous saccharification	334:362	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	0	21	theme	Dual	0:3	arg1	effect					5:10	Dual effect	0:10	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation	0:113	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	6	22	theme	yield	1053:1057	arg1	reduction					1032:1040	the reduction	1028:1040	the reduction of ethanol yield	1028:1057	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	4	23	theme	nutrient	778:785	arg1	supplementary					787:799	nutrient supplementary	778:799	nutrient supplementary	778:799	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	0	24	theme	soluble	15:21	arg1	materials					23:31	soluble materials	15:31	soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose	15:60	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	6	25	theme	ethanol	1045:1051	arg1	yield					1053:1057	ethanol yield	1045:1057	ethanol yield	1045:1057	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	3	26	theme	wash	587:590	arg1	concentration					599:611	wash liquor concentration	587:611	wash liquor concentration	587:611	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan monotonically decreased as wash liquor concentration increased.
27919544	4	27	theme	xylose	670:675	arg1	rate					689:692	xylose consumption rate	670:692	xylose consumption rate	670:692	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	2	28	theme	wash	441:444	arg1	liquors					446:452	the wash liquors	437:452	the wash liquors	437:452	Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
27919544	1	29	theme	soluble	291:297	arg1	materials					299:307	soluble materials	291:307	soluble materials in pretreated biomass	291:329	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	0	30	theme	bioethanol	131:140	arg1	production					142:151	the bioethanol production	127:151	the bioethanol production	127:151	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	1	31	attach	isolated	182:189	arg1	stover					248:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	31	attach	isolated	182:189	arg2	liquors					174:180	wash liquors	169:180	wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	169:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	31	attach	isolated	182:189	arg1	ethylenediamine					196:210	ethylenediamine	196:210	ethylenediamine	196:210	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	3	32	theme	liquor	592:597	arg1	concentration					599:611	wash liquor concentration	587:611	wash liquor concentration	587:611	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan monotonically decreased as wash liquor concentration increased.
27919544	1	33	theme	dry	216:218	arg1	stover					248:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	34	theme	materials	299:307	arg1	effect					281:286	the effect	277:286	the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively	277:426	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	35	theme	dilute	220:225	arg1	stover					248:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	0	36	theme	materials	23:31	arg1	effect					5:10	Dual effect	0:10	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation	0:113	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	2	37	theme	enzymatic	479:487	arg1	hydrolysis					489:498	enzymatic hydrolysis	479:498	enzymatic hydrolysis	479:498	Both of the wash liquors had different impacts on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation.
27919544	5	38	theme	nutrient	913:920	arg1	supplementary					922:934	nutrient supplementary	913:934	nutrient supplementary	913:934	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	1	39	theme	acid	227:230	arg1	stover					248:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	40	theme	pretreated	312:321	arg1	biomass					323:329	pretreated biomass	312:329	pretreated biomass	312:329	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	41	used	used	260:263	arg2	liquors					174:180	wash liquors	169:180	wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	169:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	6	42	theme	dual	941:944	arg1	effects					946:952	The dual effects	937:952	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation	937:1014	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	0	43	theme	pretreated	36:45	arg1	lignocellulose					47:60	pretreated lignocellulose	36:60	pretreated lignocellulose	36:60	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	6	44	theme	enzymatic	978:986	arg1	hydrolysis					988:997	enzymatic hydrolysis	978:997	enzymatic hydrolysis	978:997	The dual effects of soluble materials on enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation resulted in the reduction of ethanol yield as soluble materials increased in SSCF.
27919544	3	45	theme	Enzymatic	518:526	arg1	conversions					528:538	Enzymatic conversions	518:538	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan	518:558	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan monotonically decreased as wash liquor concentration increased.
27919544	1	46	theme	pretreated	232:241	arg1	stover					248:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	1	47	theme	corn	243:246	arg1	stover					248:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover	216:253	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	0	48	theme	simultaneous	65:76	arg1	saccharification					78:93	simultaneous saccharification	65:93	simultaneous saccharification	65:93	Dual effect of soluble materials in pretreated lignocellulose on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation process for the bioethanol production.
27919544	4	49	theme	consumption	677:687	arg1	rate					689:692	xylose consumption rate	670:692	xylose consumption rate	670:692	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	50	theme	cell	890:893	arg1	sugars					867:872	sugars utilization and cell viability	867:903	sugars utilization and cell viability	867:903	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	50	theme	cell	890:893	arg1	viability					895:903	cell viability	890:903	cell viability	890:903	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	3	51	theme	glucan	543:548	arg1	conversions					528:538	Enzymatic conversions	518:538	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan	518:558	Enzymatic conversions of glucan and xylan monotonically decreased as wash liquor concentration increased.
27919544	1	52	theme	simultaneous	334:345	arg1	saccharification					347:362	simultaneous saccharification	334:362	simultaneous saccharification	334:362	In this study, wash liquors isolated from ethylenediamine and dry dilute acid pretreated corn stover were used to evaluate the effect of soluble materials in pretreated biomass on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) for ethanol production, respectively.
27919544	5	53	theme	key	836:838	arg1	composition					840:850	the key composition	832:850	the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary	832:934	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	5	53	theme	key	836:838	arg1	lignins					810:816	Soluble lignins	802:816	Soluble lignins	802:816	Soluble lignins were found as the key composition which promoted sugars utilization and cell viability without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	4	54	theme	ethanol	714:720	arg1	yield					722:726	ethanol yield	714:726	ethanol yield	714:726	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
27919544	4	55	theme	liquor	647:652	arg1	concentrations					654:667	low wash liquor concentrations	638:667	low wash liquor concentrations	638:667	Whereas, with low wash liquor concentrations, xylose consumption rate, cell viability and ethanol yield were maximally stimulated in fermentation without nutrient supplementary.
26318648	12	0	from	pressure	1608:1615	arg1	beneficial					1656:1665	beneficial	1656:1665	beneficial	1656:1665	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	12	0	from	pressure	1608:1615	arg1	mode					1584:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode	1555:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1555:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	12	0	from	pressure	1608:1615	arg1	reactors					1543:1550	the reactors	1539:1550	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1529:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	8	1	from	%	1046:1046	arg1	R1					1020:1021	R1	1020:1021	R1	1020:1021	After 52 d of operation, the fraction of granules reached only 21% in R2, while in R1 this fraction was of 54%.
26318648	4	2	theme	granular	573:580	arg1	reactor					595:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	11	3	theme	high	1356:1359	arg1	fraction					1361:1368	A high fraction	1354:1368	A high fraction of granules	1354:1380	A high fraction of granules was obtained in both reactors after an increase of the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass, but the quality of the effluent remained low.
26318648	13	4	theme	±	1886:1886	arg1	%					1890:1890	72 ± 12%	1883:1890	72 ± 12%	1883:1890	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	6	5	theme	operating	794:802	arg1	conditions					804:813	Different operating conditions	784:813	Different operating conditions	784:813	Different operating conditions were evaluated.
26318648	10	6	theme	anaerobic	1254:1262	arg1	phase					1264:1268	the anaerobic phase	1250:1268	the anaerobic phase	1250:1268	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	1	7	theme	real	189:192	arg1	wastewaters					194:204	real wastewaters	189:204	real wastewaters	189:204	The formation and application of aerobic granules for the treatment of real wastewaters still remains challenging.
26318648	12	8	theme	simultaneous	1557:1568	arg1	mode					1584:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode	1555:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1555:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	9	9	theme	XS	1083:1084	arg1	presence					1071:1078	presence	1071:1078	presence of XS	1071:1084	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	5	10	theme	starch	760:765	arg1	R2					753:754	R2	753:754	R2	753:754	Two reactors fed with synthetic wastewaters were operated in absence (R1) or presence (R2) of starch as proxy for XS.
26318648	5	10	theme	starch	760:765	arg1	R1					736:737	R1	736:737	R1	736:737	Two reactors fed with synthetic wastewaters were operated in absence (R1) or presence (R2) of starch as proxy for XS.
26318648	5	10	theme	starch	760:765	arg1	presence					743:750	presence	743:750	presence (R2)	743:755	Two reactors fed with synthetic wastewaters were operated in absence (R1) or presence (R2) of starch as proxy for XS.
26318648	5	10	theme	starch	760:765	arg1	absence					727:733	absence	727:733	absence (R1)	727:738	Two reactors fed with synthetic wastewaters were operated in absence (R1) or presence (R2) of starch as proxy for XS.
26318648	12	11	from	reactors	1543:1550	arg1	pressure					1608:1615	a low selection pressure	1592:1615	a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1592:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	12	11	from	reactors	1543:1550	arg1	mode					1584:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode	1555:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1555:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	9	12	theme	irregular	1090:1098	arg1	outgrowths					1116:1125	irregular and filamentous outgrowths	1090:1125	irregular and filamentous outgrowths	1090:1125	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	2	13	theme	high	237:240	arg1	fraction					242:249	The high fraction	233:249	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters	233:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	14	attach	present	286:292	arg2	matter					274:279	particulate organic matter	254:279	particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters	254:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	14	attach	present	286:292	arg1	wastewaters					302:312	real wastewaters	297:312	real wastewaters	297:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	14	attach	present	286:292	arg2	XS					282:283	XS	282:283	XS	282:283	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	9	15	theme	filamentous	1104:1114	arg1	outgrowths					1116:1125	irregular and filamentous outgrowths	1090:1125	irregular and filamentous outgrowths	1090:1125	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	7	16	theme	granule	918:924	arg1	formation					926:934	granule formation	918:934	granule formation	918:934	Our results indicated that the presence of XS in the wastewater reduces the kinetic of granule formation.
26318648	12	17	theme	Operating	1529:1537	arg1	beneficial					1656:1665	beneficial	1656:1665	beneficial	1656:1665	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	12	17	theme	Operating	1529:1537	arg1	reactors					1543:1550	the reactors	1539:1550	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1529:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	7	18	from	presence	862:869	arg1	wastewater					884:893	the wastewater	880:893	the wastewater	880:893	Our results indicated that the presence of XS in the wastewater reduces the kinetic of granule formation.
26318648	2	19	theme	organic	266:272	arg1	XS					282:283	XS	282:283	XS	282:283	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	19	theme	organic	266:272	arg1	matter					274:279	particulate organic matter	254:279	particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters	254:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	20	from	present	286:292	arg1	wastewaters					302:312	real wastewaters	297:312	real wastewaters	297:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	13	21	theme	total	1777:1781	arg1	COD					1783:1785	total COD	1777:1785	total COD	1777:1785	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	1	22	theme	aerobic	151:157	arg1	granules					159:166	aerobic granules	151:166	aerobic granules	151:166	The formation and application of aerobic granules for the treatment of real wastewaters still remains challenging.
26318648	13	23	theme	±	1919:1919	arg1	%					1923:1923	77 ± 11%	1916:1923	77 ± 11%	1916:1923	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	3	24	theme	present	354:360	arg1	study					362:366	The present study	350:366	The present study	350:366	The present study aims at understanding to what extent the presence of XS affects the granule formation and the quality of the treated effluent.
26318648	0	25	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	conditions					77:86	aerobic granulation and operating conditions	43:86	conditions	77:86	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	0	25	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	granulation					51:61	aerobic granulation and operating conditions	43:86	granulation	51:61	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	14	26	theme	reactors	2015:2022	arg1	conditions					1997:2006	the operating conditions	1983:2006	the operating conditions of AGS reactors	1983:2022	Overall our study demonstrates that the operating conditions of AGS reactors must be adapted according to the wastewater composition.
26318648	13	27	theme	Average	1744:1750	arg1	efficiencies					1760:1771	Average removal efficiencies	1744:1771	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate	1744:1823	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	0	28	theme	sequencing	91:100	arg1	reactors					108:115	sequencing batch reactors	91:115	sequencing batch reactors	91:115	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	13	29	theme	±	1842:1842	arg1	%					1845:1845	95 ± 1%	1839:1845	95 ± 1%	1839:1845	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	7	30	theme	XS	874:875	arg1	presence					862:869	the presence	858:869	the presence of XS in the wastewater	858:893	Our results indicated that the presence of XS in the wastewater reduces the kinetic of granule formation.
26318648	8	31	from	%	1002:1002	arg1	R2					1007:1008	R2	1007:1008	R2	1007:1008	After 52 d of operation, the fraction of granules reached only 21% in R2, while in R1 this fraction was of 54%.
26318648	10	32	theme	compact	1305:1311	arg1	granules					1313:1320	more compact granules	1300:1320	more compact granules	1300:1320	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	0	33	theme	reactors	108:115	arg1	conditions					77:86	aerobic granulation and operating conditions	43:86	conditions	77:86	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	0	33	theme	reactors	108:115	arg1	granulation					51:61	aerobic granulation and operating conditions	43:86	granulation	51:61	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	12	34	theme	filamentous	1720:1730	arg1	overgrowth					1732:1741	filamentous overgrowth	1720:1741	filamentous overgrowth	1720:1741	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	9	35	theme	biomass	1183:1189	arg1	settleability					1162:1174	the settleability	1158:1174	the settleability of the biomass	1158:1189	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	10	36	theme	better	1329:1334	arg1	ability					1345:1351	a better settling ability	1327:1351	a better settling ability	1327:1351	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	0	37	theme	particulate	10:20	arg1	substrate					30:38	particulate organic substrate	10:38	particulate organic substrate	10:38	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	8	38	theme	granules	978:985	arg1	fraction					966:973	the fraction	962:973	the fraction of granules	962:985	After 52 d of operation, the fraction of granules reached only 21% in R2, while in R1 this fraction was of 54%.
26318648	6	39	theme	Different	784:792	arg1	conditions					804:813	Different operating conditions	784:813	Different operating conditions	784:813	Different operating conditions were evaluated.
26318648	4	40	theme	operating	538:546	arg1	conditions					548:557	the operating conditions	534:557	the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	534:601	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	3	41	theme	granule	436:442	arg1	formation					444:452	the granule formation	432:452	the granule formation	432:452	The present study aims at understanding to what extent the presence of XS affects the granule formation and the quality of the treated effluent.
26318648	0	42	theme	substrate	30:38	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.	0:116	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	13	43	theme	±	1896:1896	arg1	%					1899:1899	86 ± 5%	1893:1899	86 ± 5%	1893:1899	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	11	44	theme	effluent	1506:1513	arg1	quality					1491:1497	the quality	1487:1497	the quality of the effluent	1487:1513	A high fraction of granules was obtained in both reactors after an increase of the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass, but the quality of the effluent remained low.
26318648	0	45	theme	aerobic	43:49	arg1	granulation					51:61	aerobic granulation and operating conditions	43:86	granulation	51:61	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	14	46	theme	wastewater	2057:2066	arg1	composition					2068:2078	the wastewater composition	2053:2078	the wastewater composition	2053:2078	Overall our study demonstrates that the operating conditions of AGS reactors must be adapted according to the wastewater composition.
26318648	12	47	theme	substrate	1671:1679	arg1	efficiency					1689:1698	substrate removal efficiency	1671:1698	substrate removal efficiency	1671:1698	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	10	48	from	extension	1237:1245	arg1	R2					1273:1274	R2	1273:1274	R2	1273:1274	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	4	49	theme	sludge	582:587	arg1	reactor					595:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	11	50	theme	pressure	1447:1454	arg1	increase					1421:1428	an increase	1418:1428	an increase of the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1418:1480	A high fraction of granules was obtained in both reactors after an increase of the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass, but the quality of the effluent remained low.
26318648	12	51	theme	fast-settling	1621:1633	arg1	biomass					1635:1641	fast-settling biomass	1621:1641	fast-settling biomass	1621:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	4	52	theme	AGS	590:592	arg1	reactor					595:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	15	53	contain	contain	2110:2116	arg1	effluents					2095:2103	effluents	2095:2103	effluents that contain XS	2095:2119	When treating effluents that contain XS, the selection pressure should be significantly reduced.
26318648	15	53	contain	contain	2110:2116	arg2	XS					2118:2119	XS	2118:2119	XS	2118:2119	When treating effluents that contain XS, the selection pressure should be significantly reduced.
26318648	13	54	theme	±	1833:1833	arg1	%					1836:1836	87 ± 4%	1830:1836	87 ± 4%	1830:1836	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	3	55	theme	effluent	485:492	arg1	formation					444:452	the granule formation	432:452	the granule formation	432:452	The present study aims at understanding to what extent the presence of XS affects the granule formation and the quality of the treated effluent.
26318648	3	55	theme	effluent	485:492	arg1	quality					462:468	the quality	458:468	the quality of the treated effluent	458:492	The present study aims at understanding to what extent the presence of XS affects the granule formation and the quality of the treated effluent.
26318648	11	56	theme	granules	1373:1380	arg1	fraction					1361:1368	A high fraction	1354:1368	A high fraction of granules	1354:1380	A high fraction of granules was obtained in both reactors after an increase of the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass, but the quality of the effluent remained low.
26318648	2	57	theme	present	286:292	arg1	XS					282:283	XS	282:283	XS	282:283	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	57	theme	present	286:292	arg1	matter					274:279	particulate organic matter	254:279	particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters	254:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	12	58	theme	low	1594:1596	arg1	pressure					1608:1615	a low selection pressure	1592:1615	a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1592:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	4	59	theme	aerobic	565:571	arg1	reactor					595:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	562:601	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	14	60	theme	AGS	2011:2013	arg1	reactors					2015:2022	AGS reactors	2011:2022	AGS reactors	2011:2022	Overall our study demonstrates that the operating conditions of AGS reactors must be adapted according to the wastewater composition.
26318648	10	61	theme	phase	1264:1268	arg1	extension					1237:1245	An extension	1234:1245	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2	1234:1274	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	12	62	theme	fill-and-draw	1570:1582	arg1	mode					1584:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode	1555:1587	a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1555:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	13	63	theme	soluble	1788:1794	arg1	COD					1796:1798	soluble COD	1788:1798	soluble COD	1788:1798	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	2	64	theme	real	297:300	arg1	wastewaters					302:312	real wastewaters	297:312	real wastewaters	297:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	1	65	theme	wastewaters	194:204	arg1	treatment					176:184	the treatment	172:184	the treatment of real wastewaters	172:204	The formation and application of aerobic granules for the treatment of real wastewaters still remains challenging.
26318648	4	66	theme	reactor	595:601	arg1	conditions					548:557	the operating conditions	534:557	the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor	534:601	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	2	67	theme	granulation	329:339	arg1	process					341:347	the granulation process	325:347	the granulation process	325:347	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	15	68	theme	selection	2126:2134	arg1	pressure					2136:2143	the selection pressure	2122:2143	the selection pressure	2122:2143	When treating effluents that contain XS, the selection pressure should be significantly reduced.
26318648	4	69	theme	XS	662:663	arg1	presence					650:657	the presence	646:657	the presence of XS	646:663	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	13	70	theme	removal	1752:1758	arg1	efficiencies					1760:1771	Average removal efficiencies	1744:1771	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate	1744:1823	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	2	71	theme	matter	274:279	arg1	fraction					242:249	The high fraction	233:249	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters	233:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	7	72	theme	formation	926:934	arg1	kinetic					907:913	kinetic	907:913	kinetic	907:913	Our results indicated that the presence of XS in the wastewater reduces the kinetic of granule formation.
26318648	9	73	contain	had	1086:1088	arg2	outgrowths					1116:1125	irregular and filamentous outgrowths	1090:1125	irregular and filamentous outgrowths	1090:1125	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	9	73	contain	had	1086:1088	arg1	granules					1053:1060	The granules	1049:1060	The granules grown in presence of XS	1049:1084	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	0	74	theme	operating	67:75	arg1	conditions					77:86	aerobic granulation and operating conditions	43:86	conditions	77:86	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	13	75	theme	±	1865:1865	arg1	%					1869:1869	87 ± 12%	1862:1869	87 ± 12%	1862:1869	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	2	76	theme	particulate	254:264	arg1	XS					282:283	XS	282:283	XS	282:283	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	2	76	theme	particulate	254:264	arg1	matter					274:279	particulate organic matter	254:279	particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters	254:312	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	13	77	theme	±	1851:1851	arg1	%					1855:1855	92 ± 10%	1848:1855	92 ± 10%	1848:1855	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	1	78	theme	granules	159:166	arg1	application					136:146	application	136:146	application	136:146	The formation and application of aerobic granules for the treatment of real wastewaters still remains challenging.
26318648	1	78	theme	granules	159:166	arg1	formation					122:130	formation	122:130	formation	122:130	The formation and application of aerobic granules for the treatment of real wastewaters still remains challenging.
26318648	4	79	theme	second	497:502	arg1	objective					504:512	A second objective	495:512	A second objective	495:512	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	4	80	theme	presence	650:657	arg1	effects					635:641	the effects	631:641	the effects of the presence of XS	631:663	A second objective was to evaluate how the operating conditions of an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor must be adapted to overcome the effects of the presence of XS.
26318648	0	81	theme	batch	102:106	arg1	reactors					108:115	sequencing batch reactors	91:115	sequencing batch reactors	91:115	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	8	82	theme	operation	951:959	arg1	d					946:946	52 d	943:946	52 d of operation	943:959	After 52 d of operation, the fraction of granules reached only 21% in R2, while in R1 this fraction was of 54%.
26318648	2	83	from	wastewaters	302:312	arg1	present					286:292	present	286:292	present	286:292	The high fraction of particulate organic matter (XS) present in real wastewaters can affect the granulation process.
26318648	5	84	theme	synthetic	688:696	arg1	wastewaters					698:708	synthetic wastewaters	688:708	synthetic wastewaters	688:708	Two reactors fed with synthetic wastewaters were operated in absence (R1) or presence (R2) of starch as proxy for XS.
26318648	1	85	dep	formation	122:130	arg1	The					118:120	The	118:120	The	118:120	The formation and application of aerobic granules for the treatment of real wastewaters still remains challenging.
26318648	7	86	attach	presence	862:869	arg2	XS					874:875	XS	874:875	XS	874:875	Our results indicated that the presence of XS in the wastewater reduces the kinetic of granule formation.
26318648	7	86	attach	presence	862:869	arg1	wastewater					884:893	the wastewater	880:893	the wastewater	880:893	Our results indicated that the presence of XS in the wastewater reduces the kinetic of granule formation.
26318648	3	87	theme	XS	421:422	arg1	presence					409:416	the presence	405:416	the presence of XS	405:422	The present study aims at understanding to what extent the presence of XS affects the granule formation and the quality of the treated effluent.
26318648	0	88	theme	organic	22:28	arg1	substrate					30:38	particulate organic substrate	10:38	particulate organic substrate	10:38	Effect of particulate organic substrate on aerobic granulation and operating conditions of sequencing batch reactors.
26318648	13	89	theme	±	1905:1905	arg1	%					1909:1909	71 ± 12%	1902:1909	71 ± 12%	1902:1909	Average removal efficiencies for total COD, soluble COD, ammonium, and phosphate were 87 ± 4%, 95 ± 1%, 92 ± 10%, and 87 ± 12% for R1, and 72 ± 12%, 86 ± 5%, 71 ± 12%, and 77 ± 11% for R2, respectively.
26318648	10	90	with	formation	1287:1295	arg1	ability					1345:1351	a better settling ability	1327:1351	a better settling ability	1327:1351	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	10	91	theme	granules	1313:1320	arg1	formation					1287:1295	the formation	1283:1295	the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability	1283:1351	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	3	92	theme	treated	477:483	arg1	effluent					485:492	the treated effluent	473:492	the treated effluent	473:492	The present study aims at understanding to what extent the presence of XS affects the granule formation and the quality of the treated effluent.
26318648	9	93	theme	effluent	1224:1231	arg1	quality					1209:1215	the quality	1205:1215	the quality of the effluent	1205:1231	The granules grown in presence of XS had irregular and filamentous outgrowths in the surface, which affected the settleability of the biomass and therefore the quality of the effluent.
26318648	12	94	theme	removal	1681:1687	arg1	efficiency					1689:1698	substrate removal efficiency	1671:1698	substrate removal efficiency	1671:1698	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
26318648	10	95	theme	settling	1336:1343	arg1	ability					1345:1351	a better settling ability	1327:1351	a better settling ability	1327:1351	An extension of the anaerobic phase in R2 led to the formation of more compact granules with a better settling ability.
26318648	11	96	theme	selection	1437:1445	arg1	pressure					1447:1454	the selection pressure	1433:1454	the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1433:1480	A high fraction of granules was obtained in both reactors after an increase of the selection pressure for fast-settling biomass, but the quality of the effluent remained low.
26318648	14	97	theme	operating	1987:1995	arg1	conditions					1997:2006	the operating conditions	1983:2006	the operating conditions of AGS reactors	1983:2022	Overall our study demonstrates that the operating conditions of AGS reactors must be adapted according to the wastewater composition.
26318648	12	98	theme	selection	1598:1606	arg1	pressure					1608:1615	a low selection pressure	1592:1615	a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass	1592:1641	Operating the reactors in a simultaneous fill-and-draw mode at a low selection pressure for fast-settling biomass showed to be beneficial for substrate removal efficiency and for suppressing filamentous overgrowth.
24248522	6	0	from	sense	907:911	arg1	unique					893:898	unique	893:898	unique	893:898	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	12	1	theme	younger	2032:2038	arg1	infants					2040:2046	the younger infants	2028:2046	the younger infants	2028:2046	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition may contribute to bitter taste acceptance in the younger infants.
24248522	2	2	theme	possible	274:281	arg1	link					283:286	a possible link	272:286	a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants	272:355	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	8	3	theme	best	1150:1153	arg1	predictors					1155:1164	the best predictors	1146:1164	the best predictors for bitterness acceptance	1146:1190	The six bands considered as the best predictors for bitterness acceptance were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
24248522	2	4	from	acceptance	335:344	arg1	infants					349:355	infants	349:355	infants	349:355	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	3	5	theme	solution	520:527	arg1	acceptance					498:507	acceptance	498:507	acceptance of a taste solution relative to water	498:545	Intake ratios, reflecting acceptance of a taste solution relative to water were calculated for the five basic tastes.
24248522	9	6	theme	protein	1474:1480	arg1	cystatins					1493:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	12	7	theme	taste	2008:2012	arg1	acceptance					2014:2023	bitter taste acceptance	2001:2023	bitter taste acceptance	2001:2023	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition may contribute to bitter taste acceptance in the younger infants.
24248522	6	8	theme	younger	873:879	arg1	infants					881:887	the younger infants	869:887	the younger infants	869:887	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	9	9	contain	containing	1426:1435	arg2	cystatins					1493:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	9	contain	containing	1426:1435	arg1	bands					1420:1424	bands	1420:1424	bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1420:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	2	10	theme	protein	305:311	arg1	composition					313:323	salivary protein composition	296:323	salivary protein composition	296:323	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	9	11	theme	S-type	1486:1491	arg1	cystatins					1493:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	6	12	theme	bitter	965:970	arg1	acceptance					978:987	bitter taste acceptance	965:987	bitter taste acceptance	965:987	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	7	13	from	age	998:1000	arg1	indifferent					1027:1037	indifferent	1027:1037	indifferent	1027:1037	At that age, infants were on average indifferent to the 0.18-M urea solution, but great variability in acceptance was observed.
24248522	10	14	theme	Western	1614:1620	arg1	blotting					1622:1629	Western blotting	1614:1629	Western blotting	1614:1629	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	5	15	theme	band	826:829	arg1	intensities					831:841	band intensities	826:841	band intensities	826:841	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	11	16	theme	cystatin	1849:1856	arg1	abundance					1858:1866	cystatin abundance	1849:1866	cystatin abundance	1849:1866	Although not reaching statistical significance, probably due to a relatively small sample size, it was again observed that cystatin abundance was higher in infants accepting more readily the bitter solution over water.
24248522	7	17	theme	0.18-M	1046:1051	arg1	solution					1058:1065	the 0.18-M urea solution	1042:1065	the 0.18-M urea solution	1042:1065	At that age, infants were on average indifferent to the 0.18-M urea solution, but great variability in acceptance was observed.
24248522	8	18	theme	MALDI-TOF	1211:1219	arg1	spectrometry					1226:1237	MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry	1211:1237	MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry	1211:1237	The six bands considered as the best predictors for bitterness acceptance were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
24248522	0	19	from	acceptance	53:62	arg1	infants					67:73	infants	67:73	infants	67:73	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	9	20	theme	higher	1523:1528	arg1	acceptance					1541:1550	a higher bitterness acceptance	1521:1550	a higher bitterness acceptance	1521:1550	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	6	21	theme	salivary	918:925	arg1	profiles					935:942	salivary protein profiles	918:942	salivary protein profiles	918:942	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	9	22	gly	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	arg1	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein					1298:1318	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	22	gly	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	arg1	component					1287:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	23	theme	bands	1260:1264	arg1	abundance					1247:1255	Higher abundance	1240:1255	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6	1240:1343	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	1	24	theme	adult	114:118	arg1	subjects					120:127	adult subjects	114:127	adult subjects	114:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	5	25	dep	square	722:727	arg1	PLS					730:732	PLS	730:732	PLS	730:732	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	4	26	theme	image	692:696	arg1	analysis					698:705	image analysis	692:705	image analysis	692:705	Salivary proteins were separated by one-dimensional electrophoresis and bands were semi-quantified by image analysis.
24248522	9	27	theme	secretory	1277:1285	arg1	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein					1298:1318	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	27	theme	secretory	1277:1285	arg1	anhydrase					1333:1341	carbonic anhydrase 6	1324:1343	carbonic anhydrase 6	1324:1343	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	27	theme	secretory	1277:1285	arg1	component					1287:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	1	28	theme	saliva	130:135	arg1	factor					195:200	a physiological factor	179:200	a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance	179:248	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	1	28	theme	saliva	130:135	arg1	composition					137:147	saliva composition	130:147	saliva composition	130:147	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	1	28	theme	saliva	130:135	arg1	Based					87:91	UNLABELLED Based	76:91	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects	76:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	11	29	theme	sample	1809:1814	arg1	size					1816:1819	a relatively small sample size	1790:1819	a relatively small sample size	1790:1819	Although not reaching statistical significance, probably due to a relatively small sample size, it was again observed that cystatin abundance was higher in infants accepting more readily the bitter solution over water.
24248522	2	30	from	composition	313:323	arg1	infants					349:355	infants	349:355	infants	349:355	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	12	31	theme	saliva	1956:1961	arg1	composition					1971:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition	1945:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition	1945:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition may contribute to bitter taste acceptance in the younger infants.
24248522	2	32	theme	taste	400:404	arg1	tests					417:421	taste acceptance tests	400:421	taste acceptance tests	400:421	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	11	33	theme	bitter	1917:1922	arg1	solution					1924:1931	the bitter solution	1913:1931	the bitter solution over water	1913:1942	Although not reaching statistical significance, probably due to a relatively small sample size, it was again observed that cystatin abundance was higher in infants accepting more readily the bitter solution over water.
24248522	0	34	theme	Salivary	0:7	arg1	profiles					17:24	Salivary protein profiles	0:24	Salivary protein profiles	0:24	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	1	35	from	studies	103:109	arg1	subjects					120:127	adult subjects	114:127	adult subjects	114:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	2	36	theme	donated	427:433	arg1	saliva					435:440	donated saliva	427:440	donated saliva	427:440	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	1	37	theme	recent	96:101	arg1	studies					103:109	recent studies	96:109	recent studies in adult subjects	96:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	7	38	from	variability	1078:1088	arg1	acceptance					1093:1102	acceptance	1093:1102	acceptance	1093:1102	At that age, infants were on average indifferent to the 0.18-M urea solution, but great variability in acceptance was observed.
24248522	9	39	theme	lower	1365:1369	arg1	acceptance					1382:1391	a lower bitterness acceptance	1363:1391	a lower bitterness acceptance	1363:1391	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	10	40	theme	second	1558:1563	arg1	stage					1565:1569	a second stage	1556:1569	a second stage	1556:1569	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	0	41	theme	bitter	40:45	arg1	acceptance					53:62	bitter taste acceptance	40:62	bitter taste acceptance in infants	40:73	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	2	42	theme	taste	329:333	arg1	acceptance					335:344	taste acceptance	329:344	taste acceptance	329:344	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	1	43	theme	taste	218:222	arg1	sensitivity					224:234	taste sensitivity	218:234	taste sensitivity	218:234	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	10	44	theme	cystatin	1579:1586	arg1	abundance					1588:1596	S-type cystatin abundance	1572:1596	S-type cystatin abundance	1572:1596	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	10	45	theme	independent	1693:1703	arg1	group					1705:1709	an independent group	1690:1709	an independent group of 22 infants	1690:1723	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	10	45	theme	independent	1693:1703	arg1	infants					1717:1723	22 infants	1714:1723	22 infants	1714:1723	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	1	46	from	Based	87:91	arg1	studies					103:109	recent studies	96:109	recent studies in adult subjects	96:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	9	47	theme	bands	1420:1424	arg1	abundance					1407:1415	higher abundance	1400:1415	higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1400:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	3	48	theme	relative	529:536	arg1	solution					520:527	a taste solution	512:527	a taste solution relative to water	512:545	Intake ratios, reflecting acceptance of a taste solution relative to water were calculated for the five basic tastes.
24248522	9	49	theme	lactoperoxidase	1437:1451	arg1	cystatins					1493:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1437:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	6	50	from	unique	893:898	arg1	sense					907:911	the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance	903:987	the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance	903:987	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	7	51	theme	great	1072:1076	arg1	variability					1078:1088	great variability	1072:1088	great variability in acceptance	1072:1102	At that age, infants were on average indifferent to the 0.18-M urea solution, but great variability in acceptance was observed.
24248522	3	52	theme	taste	514:518	arg1	solution					520:527	a taste solution	512:527	a taste solution relative to water	512:545	Intake ratios, reflecting acceptance of a taste solution relative to water were calculated for the five basic tastes.
24248522	9	53	theme	prolactin-inducible	1454:1472	arg1	protein					1474:1480	prolactin-inducible protein	1454:1480	prolactin-inducible protein	1454:1480	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	0	54	attach	linked	30:35	arg1	acceptance					53:62	bitter taste acceptance	40:62	bitter taste acceptance in infants	40:73	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	0	54	attach	linked	30:35	arg2	profiles					17:24	Salivary protein profiles	0:24	Salivary protein profiles	0:24	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	8	55	theme	mass	1221:1224	arg1	spectrometry					1226:1237	MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry	1211:1237	MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry	1211:1237	The six bands considered as the best predictors for bitterness acceptance were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
24248522	6	56	from	acceptance	855:864	arg1	infants					881:887	the younger infants	869:887	the younger infants	869:887	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	12	57	theme	bitter	2001:2006	arg1	acceptance					2014:2023	bitter taste acceptance	2001:2023	bitter taste acceptance	2001:2023	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition may contribute to bitter taste acceptance in the younger infants.
24248522	6	58	theme	taste	972:976	arg1	acceptance					978:987	bitter taste acceptance	965:987	bitter taste acceptance	965:987	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	5	59	theme	Partial	708:714	arg1	analyses					746:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses	708:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses	708:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	2	60	theme	salivary	296:303	arg1	composition					313:323	salivary protein composition	296:323	salivary protein composition	296:323	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	1	61	theme	physiological	181:193	arg1	factor					195:200	a physiological factor	179:200	a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance	179:248	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	1	61	theme	physiological	181:193	arg1	composition					137:147	saliva composition	130:147	saliva composition	130:147	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	1	61	theme	physiological	181:193	arg1	Based					87:91	UNLABELLED Based	76:91	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects	76:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	8	62	theme	bitterness	1170:1179	arg1	acceptance					1181:1190	bitterness acceptance	1170:1190	bitterness acceptance	1170:1190	The six bands considered as the best predictors for bitterness acceptance were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
24248522	5	63	theme	square	722:727	arg1	analyses					746:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses	708:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses	708:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	3	64	theme	basic	576:580	arg1	tastes					582:587	the five basic tastes	567:587	the five basic tastes	567:587	Intake ratios, reflecting acceptance of a taste solution relative to water were calculated for the five basic tastes.
24248522	4	65	theme	one-dimensional	626:640	arg1	electrophoresis					642:656	one-dimensional electrophoresis	626:656	one-dimensional electrophoresis	626:656	Salivary proteins were separated by one-dimensional electrophoresis and bands were semi-quantified by image analysis.
24248522	9	66	theme	Higher	1240:1245	arg1	abundance					1247:1255	Higher abundance	1240:1255	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6	1240:1343	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	6	67	theme	protein	927:933	arg1	profiles					935:942	salivary protein profiles	918:942	salivary protein profiles	918:942	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	7	68	theme	urea	1053:1056	arg1	solution					1058:1065	the 0.18-M urea solution	1042:1065	the 0.18-M urea solution	1042:1065	At that age, infants were on average indifferent to the 0.18-M urea solution, but great variability in acceptance was observed.
24248522	9	69	theme	bitterness	1530:1539	arg1	acceptance					1541:1550	a higher bitterness acceptance	1521:1550	a higher bitterness acceptance	1521:1550	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	3	70	theme	Intake	472:477	arg1	ratios					479:484	Intake ratios	472:484	Intake ratios	472:484	Intake ratios, reflecting acceptance of a taste solution relative to water were calculated for the five basic tastes.
24248522	9	71	contain	containing	1266:1275	arg2	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein					1298:1318	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	zinc-α-2-glycoprotein	1298:1318	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	71	contain	containing	1266:1275	arg2	anhydrase					1333:1341	carbonic anhydrase 6	1324:1343	carbonic anhydrase 6	1324:1343	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	71	contain	containing	1266:1275	arg1	bands					1260:1264	bands	1260:1264	bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6	1260:1343	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	71	contain	containing	1266:1275	arg2	component					1287:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	5	72	from	ages	793:796	arg1	taste					779:783	each taste	774:783	each taste at both ages	774:796	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	12	73	theme	CONCLUSION	1945:1954	arg1	composition					1971:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition	1945:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition	1945:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition may contribute to bitter taste acceptance in the younger infants.
24248522	12	74	theme	protein	1963:1969	arg1	composition					1971:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition	1945:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition	1945:1981	CONCLUSION saliva protein composition may contribute to bitter taste acceptance in the younger infants.
24248522	2	75	from	3	456:456	arg1	age					449:451	the age	445:451	the age at 3 and 6 months	445:469	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	11	76	theme	small	1803:1807	arg1	size					1816:1819	a relatively small sample size	1790:1819	a relatively small sample size	1790:1819	Although not reaching statistical significance, probably due to a relatively small sample size, it was again observed that cystatin abundance was higher in infants accepting more readily the bitter solution over water.
24248522	5	77	theme	regression	735:744	arg1	analyses					746:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses	708:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses	708:753	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	9	78	theme	carbonic	1324:1331	arg1	anhydrase					1333:1341	carbonic anhydrase 6	1324:1343	carbonic anhydrase 6	1324:1343	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	9	78	theme	carbonic	1324:1331	arg1	component					1287:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	secretory component	1277:1295	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	2	79	from	6 months	462:469	arg1	age					449:451	the age	445:451	the age at 3 and 6 months	445:469	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	0	80	theme	protein	9:15	arg1	profiles					17:24	Salivary protein profiles	0:24	Salivary protein profiles	0:24	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	1	81	theme	UNLABELLED	76:85	arg1	Based					87:91	UNLABELLED Based	76:91	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects	76:127	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	1	81	theme	UNLABELLED	76:85	arg1	composition					137:147	saliva composition	130:147	saliva composition	130:147	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	1	81	theme	UNLABELLED	76:85	arg1	factor					195:200	a physiological factor	179:200	a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance	179:248	UNLABELLED Based on recent studies in adult subjects, saliva composition is increasingly considered as a physiological factor contributing to taste sensitivity or acceptance.
24248522	11	82	theme	statistical	1748:1758	arg1	significance					1760:1771	statistical significance	1748:1771	statistical significance	1748:1771	Although not reaching statistical significance, probably due to a relatively small sample size, it was again observed that cystatin abundance was higher in infants accepting more readily the bitter solution over water.
24248522	10	83	theme	particular	1668:1677	arg1	finding					1679:1685	this particular finding	1663:1685	this particular finding	1663:1685	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	5	84	theme	intake	809:814	arg1	ratios					816:821	intake ratios	809:821	intake ratios	809:821	Partial least square (PLS) regression analyses were performed for each taste at both ages to explain intake ratios by band intensities.
24248522	2	85	theme	acceptance	406:415	arg1	tests					417:421	taste acceptance tests	400:421	taste acceptance tests	400:421	In order to evaluate a possible link between salivary protein composition and taste acceptance in infants, 73 infants participated longitudinally in taste acceptance tests and donated saliva at the age at 3 and 6 months.
24248522	0	86	theme	taste	47:51	arg1	acceptance					53:62	bitter taste acceptance	40:62	bitter taste acceptance in infants	40:73	Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants.
24248522	9	87	theme	bitterness	1371:1380	arg1	acceptance					1382:1391	a lower bitterness acceptance	1363:1391	a lower bitterness acceptance	1363:1391	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	6	88	theme	Bitterness	844:853	arg1	acceptance					855:864	Bitterness acceptance	844:864	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants	844:887	Bitterness acceptance in the younger infants was unique in the sense that salivary protein profiles could partly predict bitter taste acceptance.
24248522	4	89	theme	Salivary	590:597	arg1	proteins					599:606	Salivary proteins	590:606	Salivary proteins	590:606	Salivary proteins were separated by one-dimensional electrophoresis and bands were semi-quantified by image analysis.
24248522	10	90	theme	infants	1717:1723	arg1	group					1705:1709	an independent group	1690:1709	an independent group of 22 infants	1690:1723	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	10	90	theme	infants	1717:1723	arg1	infants					1717:1723	22 infants	1714:1723	22 infants	1714:1723	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
24248522	9	91	theme	higher	1400:1405	arg1	abundance					1407:1415	higher abundance	1400:1415	higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins	1400:1501	Higher abundance of bands containing secretory component, zinc-α-2-glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase 6 was associated to a lower bitterness acceptance, while higher abundance of bands containing lactoperoxidase, prolactin-inducible protein and S-type cystatins was associated to a higher bitterness acceptance.
24248522	10	92	theme	S-type	1572:1577	arg1	abundance					1588:1596	S-type cystatin abundance	1572:1596	S-type cystatin abundance	1572:1596	In a second stage, S-type cystatin abundance was measured by Western blotting in order to tentatively confirm this particular finding in an independent group of 22 infants.
28490244	6	0	theme	high	849:852	arg1	risk					854:857	high risk	849:857	high risk from 31 to 21	849:871	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	3	1	theme	1	497:497	arg1	year					499:502	year	499:502	year	499:502	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	6	2	dep	21	870:871	arg1	to					867:868	to	867:868	to	867:868	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	0	3	theme	bowel	83:87	arg1	disease					89:95	inflammatory bowel disease	70:95	inflammatory bowel disease	70:95	[Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease].
28490244	5	4	theme	parenteral	736:745	arg1	nutrition					747:755	home parenteral nutrition	731:755	home parenteral nutrition	731:755	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	2	5	theme	therapy	351:357	arg1	efficacy					329:336	the efficacy	325:336	the efficacy of nutrition therapy	325:357	AIM Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy.
28490244	5	6	theme	oral	686:689	arg1	supplements					703:713	oral nutritional supplements	686:713	oral nutritional supplements	686:713	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	4	7	dep	RESULTS	512:518	arg1	patients					524:531	205 patients	520:531	RESULTS 205 patients	512:531	RESULTS 205 patients were screened, 82 were malnourished.
28490244	3	8	dep	screening	394:402	arg1	analysis					441:448	body composition analysis	424:448	body composition analysis	424:448	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	3	8	dep	screening	394:402	arg1	questionnaires					405:418	questionnaires	405:418	questionnaires	405:418	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	5	9	theme	44	581:582	arg1	total					572:576	A total	570:576	A total of 44	570:582	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	6	10	dep	increased	874:882	arg1	i.e.					950:953	i.e.	950:953	i.e.	950:953	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	5	11	theme	nutritional	691:701	arg1	supplements					703:713	oral nutritional supplements	686:713	oral nutritional supplements	686:713	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	5	12	theme	%	636:636	arg1	management					646:655	45% dietary management	634:655	45% dietary management	634:655	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	2	13	theme	nutrition	341:349	arg1	therapy					351:357	nutrition therapy	341:357	nutrition therapy	341:357	AIM Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy.
28490244	5	14	theme	nutritional	593:603	arg1	intervention					605:616	nutritional intervention	593:616	nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory	593:672	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	8	15	theme	due	1300:1302	arg1	disease					1292:1298	inflammatory bowel disease	1273:1298	inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1273:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	8	16	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1189:1199	arg1	recommend					1204:1212	recommend	1204:1212	recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy	1204:1430	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	1	17	theme	inflammatory	171:182	arg1	production					193:202	inflammatory cytokine production	171:202	inflammatory cytokine production	171:202	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	8	18	theme	malnourished	1359:1370	arg1	patients					1372:1379	the malnourished patients	1355:1379	the malnourished patients	1355:1379	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	0	19	theme	therapy	41:47	arg1	efficacy					19:26	the efficacy	15:26	the efficacy of nutrition therapy for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease	15:95	[Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease].
28490244	8	20	theme	therapy	1424:1430	arg1	efficacy					1396:1403	the efficacy	1392:1403	the efficacy of their nutrition therapy	1392:1430	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	1	21	theme	cytokine	184:191	arg1	production					193:202	inflammatory cytokine production	171:202	inflammatory cytokine production	171:202	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	5	22	theme	home	731:734	arg1	nutrition					747:755	home parenteral nutrition	731:755	home parenteral nutrition	731:755	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	8	23	theme	nutrition	1414:1422	arg1	therapy					1424:1430	their nutrition therapy	1408:1430	their nutrition therapy	1408:1430	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	6	24	from	21	870:871	arg1	risk					854:857	high risk	849:857	high risk from 31 to 21	849:871	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	6	25	theme	=	1031:1031	arg1	0.035					1033:1037	p = 0.035	1029:1037	p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI	1029:1047	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	7	26	theme	low	1135:1137	arg1	number					1139:1144	the relatively low number	1120:1144	the relatively low number of cases	1120:1153	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	7	26	theme	low	1135:1137	arg1	limitations					1088:1098	The main limitations	1079:1098	The main limitations of our research	1079:1114	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	6	27	theme	p	1029:1029	arg1	0.035					1033:1037	p = 0.035	1029:1037	p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI	1029:1047	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	8	28	theme	inflammatory	1273:1284	arg1	disease					1292:1298	inflammatory bowel disease	1273:1298	inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1273:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	3	29	theme	malnutrition	376:387	arg1	screening					394:402	malnutrition risk screening	376:402	malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis)	376:449	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	8	30	theme	patients	1372:1379	arg1	screening					1241:1249	malnutrition risk screening	1223:1249	malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1223:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	8	30	theme	patients	1372:1379	arg1	follow-up					1342:1350	follow-up	1342:1350	follow-up of the malnourished patients	1342:1379	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	5	31	dep	year	624:627	arg1	satisfactory					661:672	satisfactory	661:672	satisfactory	661:672	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	1	32	dep	malnutrition	150:161	arg1	diet					248:251	restricted diet	237:251	restricted diet	237:251	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	1	32	dep	malnutrition	150:161	arg1	states					215:220	catabolic states	205:220	catabolic states after surgery	205:234	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	1	32	dep	malnutrition	150:161	arg1	due					164:166	due	164:166	due	164:166	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	8	33	theme	malnutrition	1223:1234	arg1	screening					1241:1249	malnutrition risk screening	1223:1249	malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1223:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	1	34	theme	catabolic	205:213	arg1	states					215:220	catabolic states	205:220	catabolic states after surgery	205:234	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	1	34	theme	catabolic	205:213	arg1	due					164:166	due	164:166	due	164:166	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	3	35	theme	risk	389:392	arg1	screening					394:402	malnutrition risk screening	376:402	malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis)	376:449	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	8	36	theme	bowel	1286:1290	arg1	disease					1292:1298	inflammatory bowel disease	1273:1298	inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1273:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	1	37	theme	Inflammatory	112:123	arg1	diseases					131:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases	99:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases	99:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	3	38	theme	body	424:427	arg1	analysis					441:448	body composition analysis	424:448	body composition analysis	424:448	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	1	39	theme	nutritional	286:296	arg1	therapy					298:304	nutritional therapy	286:304	nutritional therapy	286:304	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	7	40	theme	research	1107:1114	arg1	limitations					1088:1098	The main limitations	1079:1098	The main limitations of our research	1079:1114	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	7	40	theme	research	1107:1114	arg1	number					1139:1144	the relatively low number	1120:1144	the relatively low number of cases	1120:1153	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	6	41	theme	fat-free	904:911	arg1	mass					913:916	fat-free mass	904:916	fat-free mass	904:916	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	8	42	dep	recommend	1204:1212	arg1	combined					1214:1221	combined	1214:1221	recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy	1204:1430	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	6	43	dep	ΔFFMI	1043:1047	arg1	s.					1039:1040	s.	1039:1040	s.	1039:1040	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	0	44	theme	nutrition	31:39	arg1	therapy					41:47	nutrition therapy	31:47	nutrition therapy	31:47	[Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease].
28490244	3	45	theme	composition	429:439	arg1	analysis					441:448	body composition analysis	424:448	body composition analysis	424:448	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	6	46	theme	measuring	828:836	arg1	methods					838:844	both measuring methods	823:844	both measuring methods	823:844	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	10	47	dep	731-739	1459:1465	arg1	2017					1444:1447	2017	1444:1447	2017	1444:1447	2017; 158(19): 731-739.
28490244	8	48	with	patients	1259:1266	arg1	disease					1292:1298	inflammatory bowel disease	1273:1298	inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1273:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	5	49	theme	dietary	638:644	arg1	management					646:655	45% dietary management	634:655	45% dietary management	634:655	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	6	50	dep	well	1005:1008	arg1	=					1064:1064	=	1064:1064	=	1064:1064	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	1	51	theme	bowel	125:129	arg1	diseases					131:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases	99:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases	99:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	6	52	theme	body	888:891	arg1	weight					893:898	the body weight	884:898	the body weight	884:898	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	6	53	from	mass	913:916	arg1	cases					929:933	8 and 9 cases	921:933	8 and 9 cases	921:933	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	8	54	theme	risk	1236:1239	arg1	screening					1241:1249	malnutrition risk screening	1223:1249	malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition	1223:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	3	55	theme	year	499:502	arg1	period					504:509	a 1 year period	495:509	a 1 year period	495:509	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	5	56	theme	45	634:635	arg1	%					636:636	%	636:636	%	636:636	A total of 44 received nutritional intervention for 1 year, for 45% dietary management was satisfactory, 50% needed oral nutritional supplements and 5% received home parenteral nutrition.
28490244	7	57	theme	mono-centric	1163:1174	arg1	involvement					1176:1186	the mono-centric involvement	1159:1186	the mono-centric involvement	1159:1186	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	3	58	theme	research	476:483	arg1	beginning					459:467	the beginning	455:467	the beginning of the research	455:483	METHOD Combined malnutrition risk screening (questionnaires and body composition analysis), at the beginning of the research and after a 1 year period.
28490244	1	59	theme	INTRODUCTION	99:110	arg1	diseases					131:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases	99:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases	99:138	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	6	60	from	weight	893:898	arg1	cases					929:933	8 and 9 cases	921:933	8 and 9 cases	921:933	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	6	61	theme	patients	800:807	arg1	number					790:795	the number	786:795	the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21	786:871	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	0	62	with	outpatients	53:63	arg1	disease					89:95	inflammatory bowel disease	70:95	inflammatory bowel disease	70:95	[Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease].
28490244	1	63	theme	restricted	237:246	arg1	diet					248:251	restricted diet	237:251	restricted diet	237:251	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	1	63	theme	restricted	237:246	arg1	due					164:166	due	164:166	due	164:166	INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel diseases can cause malnutrition (due to inflammatory cytokine production, catabolic states after surgery, restricted diet), which is difficult to treat by nutritional therapy.
28490244	0	64	theme	inflammatory	70:81	arg1	disease					89:95	inflammatory bowel disease	70:95	inflammatory bowel disease	70:95	[Investigating the efficacy of nutrition therapy for outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease].
28490244	8	65	theme	high	1311:1314	arg1	risk					1316:1319	the high risk	1307:1319	the high risk of malnutrition	1307:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	6	66	dep	=	1064:1064	arg1	kg/m2					1055:1059	+0.5 kg/m2	1050:1059	+0.5 kg/m2	1050:1059	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	6	66	dep	=	1064:1064	arg1	ΔBMI					1011:1014	ΔBMI	1011:1014	ΔBMI	1011:1014	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	6	66	dep	=	1064:1064	arg1	kg/m2					1022:1026	+1.3 kg/m2	1017:1026	+1.3 kg/m2	1017:1026	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	6	66	dep	=	1064:1064	arg1	0.035					1033:1037	p = 0.035	1029:1037	p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI	1029:1047	These interventions reduced the number of patients considered by both measuring methods in high risk from 31 to 21, increased the body weight and fat-free mass in 8 and 9 cases significantly (i.e., with more than 10%), and improved the indices as well (ΔBMI: +1.3 kg/m2, p = 0.035 s., ΔFFMI: +0.5 kg/m2, p = 0.296 n.s.).
28490244	7	67	theme	cases	1149:1153	arg1	number					1139:1144	the relatively low number	1120:1144	the relatively low number of cases	1120:1153	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	7	67	theme	cases	1149:1153	arg1	involvement					1176:1186	the mono-centric involvement	1159:1186	the mono-centric involvement	1159:1186	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	7	67	theme	cases	1149:1153	arg1	limitations					1088:1098	The main limitations	1079:1098	The main limitations of our research	1079:1114	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	8	68	theme	malnutrition	1324:1335	arg1	risk					1316:1319	the high risk	1307:1319	the high risk of malnutrition	1307:1335	CONCLUSIONS We recommend combined malnutrition risk screening for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease due to the high risk of malnutrition, and follow-up of the malnourished patients to monitor the efficacy of their nutrition therapy.
28490244	7	69	theme	main	1083:1086	arg1	limitations					1088:1098	The main limitations	1079:1098	The main limitations of our research	1079:1114	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
28490244	7	69	theme	main	1083:1086	arg1	number					1139:1144	the relatively low number	1120:1144	the relatively low number of cases	1120:1153	The main limitations of our research are the relatively low number of cases and the mono-centric involvement.
26400058	0	0	theme	aestivum	89:96	arg1	visualization					63:75	spectral visualization	54:75	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	7	1	theme	diurnal	1507:1513	arg1	period					1515:1520	a diurnal period	1505:1520	a diurnal period	1505:1520	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	1	2	with	tool	174:177	arg1	functionality					254:266	functionality	254:266	functionality of plants	254:276	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	1	2	with	tool	174:177	arg1	potential					184:192	potential	184:192	potential for studies of the microstructure	184:226	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	1	2	with	tool	174:177	arg1	composition					238:248	chemical composition	229:248	chemical composition	229:248	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	3	3	theme	whole	530:534	arg1	kernels					542:548	whole wheat kernels	530:548	whole wheat kernels	530:548	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	7	4	from	accumulation	1465:1476	arg1	leaves					1491:1496	leaves	1491:1496	leaves	1491:1496	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	1	5	theme	plants	271:276	arg1	functionality					254:266	functionality	254:266	functionality of plants	254:276	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	1	5	theme	plants	271:276	arg1	potential					184:192	potential	184:192	potential for studies of the microstructure	184:226	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	1	5	theme	plants	271:276	arg1	composition					238:248	chemical composition	229:248	chemical composition	229:248	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	0	6	theme	Triticum	80:87	arg1	aestivum					89:96	Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure	80:139	aestivum	89:96	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	5	7	theme	hyperspectral	920:932	arg1	cubes					940:944	the hyperspectral image cubes	916:944	the hyperspectral image cubes	916:944	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	2	8	theme	microspectroscopy	370:386	arg1	kernels					454:460	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels	329:460	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels	329:460	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	6	9	theme	clear	1097:1101	arg1	view					1103:1106	a clear view	1095:1106	a clear view of the sample microstructure	1095:1135	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	6	10	theme	microstructure	1122:1135	arg1	view					1103:1106	a clear view	1095:1106	a clear view of the sample microstructure	1095:1135	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	7	11	theme	starch	1401:1406	arg1	loss					1393:1396	the loss	1389:1396	the loss of starch during wheat digestion	1389:1429	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	5	12	theme	analysis	1004:1011	arg1	overlays					1019:1026	either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays	977:1026	either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays	977:1026	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	5	13	theme	component	994:1002	arg1	PCA					1014:1016	PCA	1014:1016	PCA	1014:1016	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	5	13	theme	component	994:1002	arg1	analysis					1004:1011	principal component analysis	984:1011	either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays	977:1026	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	3	14	theme	duodenal	610:617	arg1	digestion					619:627	simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	588:627	simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	588:627	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	7	15	theme	starch	1481:1486	arg1	accumulation					1465:1476	the accumulation	1461:1476	the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period	1461:1520	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	6	16	theme	different	1207:1215	arg1	structures					1228:1237	different anatomical structures	1207:1237	different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components	1207:1280	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	3	17	theme	simulated	588:596	arg1	digestion					619:627	simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	588:627	simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	588:627	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	6	18	used	used	1175:1178	arg2	analysis					1162:1169	the correlation analysis	1146:1169	the correlation analysis	1146:1169	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	1	19	theme	subcellular	283:293	arg1	level					295:299	a subcellular level	281:299	a subcellular level	281:299	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	0	20	theme	leaf	121:124	arg1	microstructure					126:139	leaf microstructure	121:139	leaf microstructure	121:139	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	3	21	theme	tissues	518:524	arg1	Images					486:491	Images	486:491	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	486:627	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	3	22	theme	isolated	496:503	arg1	tissues					518:524	isolated wheat kernel tissues	496:524	isolated wheat kernel tissues	496:524	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	3	23	theme	hydrothermal	560:571	arg1	processing					573:582	hydrothermal processing	560:582	hydrothermal processing	560:582	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	5	24	theme	false-colour	951:962	arg1	images					964:969	false-colour images	951:969	false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays	951:1026	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	2	25	theme	aestivum L	434:443	arg1	microstructure					407:420	the microstructure	403:420	the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L	403:443	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	0	26	theme	Arabidopsis	109:119	arg1	visualization					63:75	spectral visualization	54:75	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	5	27	theme	image	934:938	arg1	cubes					940:944	the hyperspectral image cubes	916:944	the hyperspectral image cubes	916:944	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	6	28	theme	correlation	1150:1160	arg1	analysis					1162:1169	the correlation analysis	1146:1169	the correlation analysis	1146:1169	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	2	29	theme	Arabidopsis	466:476	arg1	use					322:324	the use	318:324	the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves	318:483	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	6	30	theme	sample	1115:1120	arg1	microstructure					1122:1135	the sample microstructure	1111:1135	the sample microstructure	1111:1135	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	2	31	theme	Triticum	425:432	arg1	aestivum L					434:443	Triticum aestivum L	425:443	Triticum aestivum L	425:443	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	0	32	theme	microspectroscopic	9:26	arg1	imaging					28:34	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging	0:34	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	1	33	from	level	295:299	arg1	microspectroscopy					151:167	Infrared microspectroscopy	142:167	Infrared microspectroscopy	142:167	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	1	33	from	level	295:299	arg1	tool					174:177	a tool	172:177	a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants	172:276	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	0	34	dep	aestivum	89:96	arg1	microstructure					126:139	leaf microstructure	121:139	leaf microstructure	121:139	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	0	34	dep	aestivum	89:96	arg1	kernel					98:103	kernel	98:103	kernel	98:103	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	7	35	theme	gelatinized	1313:1323	arg1	starch					1336:1341	gelatinized and native starch	1313:1341	gelatinized and native starch within cells	1313:1354	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	0	36	theme	Infrared	0:7	arg1	imaging					28:34	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging	0:34	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	2	37	dep	Arabidopsis	466:476	arg1	leaves					478:483	leaves	478:483	leaves	478:483	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	4	38	theme	Individual	729:738	arg1	cells					740:744	Individual cells	729:744	Individual cells	729:744	Individual cells and cell walls were resolved, and large structures within cells, such as starch granules and protein bodies, were clearly identified.
26400058	6	39	from	components	1271:1280	arg1	spectra					1249:1255	the spectra	1245:1255	the spectra from isolated components	1245:1280	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	3	40	theme	gastric	598:604	arg1	digestion					619:627	simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	588:627	simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	588:627	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	7	41	theme	wheat	1415:1419	arg1	digestion					1421:1429	wheat digestion	1415:1429	wheat digestion	1415:1429	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	2	42	theme	kernels	454:460	arg1	use					322:324	the use	318:324	the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves	318:483	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	6	43	theme	anatomical	1217:1226	arg1	structures					1228:1237	different anatomical structures	1207:1237	different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components	1207:1280	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	3	44	theme	wheat	536:540	arg1	kernels					542:548	whole wheat kernels	530:548	whole wheat kernels	530:548	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	1	45	theme	microstructure	213:226	arg1	studies					198:204	studies	198:204	studies of the microstructure	198:226	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	0	46	theme	tissues	45:51	arg1	imaging					28:34	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging	0:34	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	7	47	theme	native	1329:1334	arg1	starch					1336:1341	gelatinized and native starch	1313:1341	gelatinized and native starch within cells	1313:1354	It was then demonstrated that gelatinized and native starch within cells could be distinguished, and that the loss of starch during wheat digestion could be observed, as well as the accumulation of starch in leaves during a diurnal period.
26400058	3	48	theme	different	688:696	arg1	points					698:703	different points	688:703	different points during a diurnal cycle	688:726	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	4	49	theme	protein	839:845	arg1	bodies					847:852	protein bodies	839:852	protein bodies	839:852	Individual cells and cell walls were resolved, and large structures within cells, such as starch granules and protein bodies, were clearly identified.
26400058	6	50	theme	structures	1228:1237	arg1	identity					1195:1202	the identity	1191:1202	the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components	1191:1280	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	0	51	theme	plant	39:43	arg1	tissues					45:51	plant tissues	39:51	plant tissues	39:51	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	3	52	theme	Arabidopsis	666:676	arg1	images					656:661	images	656:661	images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle	656:726	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	1	53	theme	chemical	229:236	arg1	composition					238:248	chemical composition	229:248	chemical composition	229:248	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	0	54	theme	spectral	54:61	arg1	visualization					63:75	spectral visualization	54:75	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	6	55	theme	isolated	1262:1269	arg1	components					1271:1280	isolated components	1262:1280	isolated components	1262:1280	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	2	56	theme	infrared	361:368	arg1	wheat					447:451	wheat	447:451	wheat	447:451	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	2	56	theme	infrared	361:368	arg1	microspectroscopy					370:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy	329:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels	329:460	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	5	57	theme	principal	984:992	arg1	PCA					1014:1016	PCA	1014:1016	PCA	1014:1016	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	5	57	theme	principal	984:992	arg1	analysis					1004:1011	principal component analysis	984:1011	either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays	977:1026	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	3	58	theme	wheat	505:509	arg1	tissues					518:524	isolated wheat kernel tissues	496:524	isolated wheat kernel tissues	496:524	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	2	59	theme	top-based	351:359	arg1	wheat					447:451	wheat	447:451	wheat	447:451	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	2	59	theme	top-based	351:359	arg1	microspectroscopy					370:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy	329:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels	329:460	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	5	60	theme	correlation	1034:1044	arg1	analysis					1046:1053	correlation analysis	1034:1053	correlation analysis	1034:1053	Contrast was provided by converting the hyperspectral image cubes into false-colour images using either principal component analysis (PCA) overlays or by correlation analysis.
26400058	4	61	theme	cell	750:753	arg1	walls					755:759	cell walls	750:759	cell walls	750:759	Individual cells and cell walls were resolved, and large structures within cells, such as starch granules and protein bodies, were clearly identified.
26400058	3	62	theme	diurnal	714:720	arg1	cycle					722:726	a diurnal cycle	712:726	a diurnal cycle	712:726	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	1	63	theme	Infrared	142:149	arg1	microspectroscopy					151:167	Infrared microspectroscopy	142:167	Infrared microspectroscopy	142:167	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	1	63	theme	Infrared	142:149	arg1	tool					174:177	a tool	172:177	a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants	172:276	Infrared microspectroscopy is a tool with potential for studies of the microstructure, chemical composition and functionality of plants at a subcellular level.
26400058	4	64	theme	large	780:784	arg1	structures					786:795	large structures	780:795	large structures within cells, such as starch granules and protein bodies,	780:853	Individual cells and cell walls were resolved, and large structures within cells, such as starch granules and protein bodies, were clearly identified.
26400058	3	65	dep	Arabidopsis	666:676	arg1	leaves					678:683	leaves	678:683	leaves	678:683	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	6	66	dep	provided	1086:1093	arg1	whereas					1138:1144	whereas	1138:1144	whereas	1138:1144	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	0	67	dep	imaging	28:34	arg1	visualization					63:75	spectral visualization	54:75	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.	0:140	Infrared microspectroscopic imaging of plant tissues: spectral visualization of Triticum aestivum kernel and Arabidopsis leaf microstructure.
26400058	2	68	theme	high-resolution	329:343	arg1	wheat					447:451	wheat	447:451	wheat	447:451	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	2	68	theme	high-resolution	329:343	arg1	microspectroscopy					370:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy	329:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels	329:460	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	2	69	theme	bench	345:349	arg1	wheat					447:451	wheat	447:451	wheat	447:451	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	2	69	theme	bench	345:349	arg1	microspectroscopy					370:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy	329:386	high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels	329:460	Here we present the use of high-resolution bench top-based infrared microspectroscopy to investigate the microstructure of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) kernels and Arabidopsis leaves.
26400058	3	70	from	points	698:703	arg1	images					656:661	images	656:661	images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle	656:726	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	6	71	theme	PCA	1073:1075	arg1	approach					1077:1084	The unsupervised PCA approach	1056:1084	The unsupervised PCA approach	1056:1084	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26400058	3	72	theme	kernels	542:548	arg1	Images					486:491	Images	486:491	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion	486:627	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	3	73	theme	kernel	511:516	arg1	tissues					518:524	isolated wheat kernel tissues	496:524	isolated wheat kernel tissues	496:524	Images of isolated wheat kernel tissues and whole wheat kernels following hydrothermal processing and simulated gastric and duodenal digestion were generated, as well as images of Arabidopsis leaves at different points during a diurnal cycle.
26400058	4	74	theme	starch	819:824	arg1	granules					826:833	starch granules	819:833	starch granules	819:833	Individual cells and cell walls were resolved, and large structures within cells, such as starch granules and protein bodies, were clearly identified.
26400058	6	75	theme	unsupervised	1060:1071	arg1	approach					1077:1084	The unsupervised PCA approach	1056:1084	The unsupervised PCA approach	1056:1084	The unsupervised PCA approach provided a clear view of the sample microstructure, whereas the correlation analysis was used to confirm the identity of different anatomical structures using the spectra from isolated components.
26204839	0	0	theme	Chitosan	61:68	arg1	Production					82:91	Chitosan and Ethanol Production	61:91	Chitosan and Ethanol Production	61:91	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	7	1	theme	glucosamine	805:815	arg1	sum					773:775	The sum	769:775	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan)	769:837	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan) was noticeably enhanced in the presence of the hormones.
26204839	3	2	theme	mg/L	403:406	arg1	addition					389:396	addition	389:396	addition of 1 mg/L of each hormone	389:422	By addition of 1 mg/L of each hormone, the biomass and ethanol yields were increased and decreased, respectively.
26204839	1	3	theme	Mucor	204:208	arg1	growth					218:223	Mucor indicus growth	204:223	Mucor indicus growth	204:223	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	5	4	theme	wall	595:598	arg1	fraction					574:581	The glucosamine fraction	558:581	The glucosamine fraction	558:581	The glucosamine fraction of the cell wall, as a representative for chitosan, followed similar but sharper changes, compared to the biomass.
26204839	0	5	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Production					82:91	Chitosan and Ethanol Production	61:91	Chitosan and Ethanol Production	61:91	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	0	5	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Growth					50:55	Mucor indicus Growth	36:55	Mucor indicus Growth	36:55	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	1	6	theme	indicus	210:216	arg1	growth					218:223	Mucor indicus growth	204:223	Mucor indicus growth	204:223	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	0	7	theme	Ethanol	74:80	arg1	Production					82:91	Chitosan and Ethanol Production	61:91	Chitosan and Ethanol Production	61:91	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	4	8	located	observed	548:555	arg1	levels					510:515	higher levels	503:515	higher levels	503:515	At higher levels, however, an inverse trend was observed.
26204839	4	8	located	observed	548:555	arg2	trend					538:542	an inverse trend	527:542	an inverse trend	527:542	At higher levels, however, an inverse trend was observed.
26204839	10	9	contain	have	1303:1306	arg1	hormones					1294:1301	plant growth hormones	1281:1301	plant growth hormones	1281:1301	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	10	9	contain	have	1303:1306	arg2	potential					1315:1323	a high potential	1308:1323	a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus	1308:1387	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	3	10	theme	biomass	429:435	arg1	yields					449:454	the biomass and ethanol yields	425:454	the biomass and ethanol yields	425:454	By addition of 1 mg/L of each hormone, the biomass and ethanol yields were increased and decreased, respectively.
26204839	10	11	theme	production	1364:1373	arg1	improvement					1333:1343	the improvement	1329:1343	the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus	1329:1387	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	7	12	theme	N-acetyl	796:803	arg1	glucosamine					805:815	N-acetyl glucosamine	796:815	N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan)	796:837	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan) was noticeably enhanced in the presence of the hormones.
26204839	3	13	theme	hormone	416:422	arg1	mg/L					403:406	1 mg/L	401:406	1 mg/L of each hormone	401:422	By addition of 1 mg/L of each hormone, the biomass and ethanol yields were increased and decreased, respectively.
26204839	8	14	theme	cell	1009:1012	arg1	wall					1014:1017	0.01 g/g cell wall	1000:1017	0.01 g/g cell wall	1000:1017	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	8	14	theme	cell	1009:1012	arg1	phosphate					989:997	the lowest phosphate	978:997	the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall)	978:1018	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	4	15	theme	inverse	530:536	arg1	trend					538:542	an inverse trend	527:542	an inverse trend	527:542	At higher levels, however, an inverse trend was observed.
26204839	5	16	theme	sharper	656:662	arg1	changes					664:670	similar but sharper changes	644:670	similar but sharper changes	644:670	The glucosamine fraction of the cell wall, as a representative for chitosan, followed similar but sharper changes, compared to the biomass.
26204839	8	17	from	decrease	938:945	arg1	content					964:970	the phosphate content	950:970	the phosphate content	950:970	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	9	18	theme	M.	1148:1149	arg1	growth					1159:1164	M. indicus growth	1148:1164	M. indicus growth	1148:1164	In conclusion, IAA and KIN significantly enhanced the M. indicus growth and chitosan production, while at the same time decreasing the ethanol yield to some extent.
26204839	8	19	theme	g/g	1005:1007	arg1	wall					1014:1017	0.01 g/g cell wall	1000:1017	0.01 g/g cell wall	1000:1017	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	8	19	theme	g/g	1005:1007	arg1	phosphate					989:997	the lowest phosphate	978:997	the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall)	978:1018	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	7	20	theme	glucosamine	780:790	arg1	sum					773:775	The sum	769:775	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan)	769:837	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan) was noticeably enhanced in the presence of the hormones.
26204839	10	21	theme	fungal	1348:1353	arg1	production					1364:1373	fungal chitosan production	1348:1373	fungal chitosan production by M. indicus	1348:1387	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	1	22	theme	indole-3-acetic	156:170	arg1	IAA					178:180	IAA	178:180	IAA	178:180	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	1	22	theme	indole-3-acetic	156:170	arg1	acid					172:175	indole-3-acetic acid	156:175	indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)	156:181	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	10	23	theme	chitosan	1355:1362	arg1	production					1364:1373	fungal chitosan production	1348:1373	fungal chitosan production by M. indicus	1348:1387	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	1	24	theme	acid	172:175	arg1	effects					145:151	the effects	141:151	the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production	141:270	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	0	25	theme	Growth	17:22	arg1	Hormones					24:31	Plant Growth Hormones	11:31	Plant Growth Hormones	11:31	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	1	26	theme	cell	226:229	arg1	composition					236:246	cell wall composition	226:246	cell wall composition	226:246	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	9	27	theme	same	1204:1207	arg1	time					1209:1212	the same time	1200:1212	the same time	1200:1212	In conclusion, IAA and KIN significantly enhanced the M. indicus growth and chitosan production, while at the same time decreasing the ethanol yield to some extent.
26204839	9	28	theme	ethanol	1229:1235	arg1	yield					1237:1241	the ethanol yield	1225:1241	the ethanol yield to some extent	1225:1256	In conclusion, IAA and KIN significantly enhanced the M. indicus growth and chitosan production, while at the same time decreasing the ethanol yield to some extent.
26204839	0	29	theme	Plant	11:15	arg1	Hormones					24:31	Plant Growth Hormones	11:31	Plant Growth Hormones	11:31	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	1	30	theme	wall	231:234	arg1	composition					236:246	cell wall composition	226:246	cell wall composition	226:246	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	8	31	theme	chitosan	908:915	arg1	Increase					896:903	Increase	896:903	Increase of chitosan	896:915	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	3	32	theme	ethanol	441:447	arg1	yields					449:454	the biomass and ethanol yields	425:454	the biomass and ethanol yields	425:454	By addition of 1 mg/L of each hormone, the biomass and ethanol yields were increased and decreased, respectively.
26204839	8	33	theme	g/g	1078:1080	arg1	wall					1087:1090	0.45 g/g cell wall	1073:1090	0.45 g/g cell wall	1073:1090	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	8	33	theme	g/g	1078:1080	arg1	maximum					1064:1070	the maximum	1060:1070	the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall)	1060:1091	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	7	34	theme	hormones	886:893	arg1	presence					870:877	the presence	866:877	the presence of the hormones	866:893	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan) was noticeably enhanced in the presence of the hormones.
26204839	2	35	theme	mg/L	320:323	arg1	hormones					325:332	0-5 mg/L hormones	316:332	0-5 mg/L hormones	316:332	A semi-synthetic medium, supplemented with 0-5 mg/L hormones, was used for the cultivations (at 32 °C for 48 h).
26204839	8	36	theme	0.45	1073:1076	arg1	wall					1087:1090	0.45 g/g cell wall	1073:1090	0.45 g/g cell wall	1073:1090	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	8	36	theme	0.45	1073:1076	arg1	maximum					1064:1070	the maximum	1060:1070	the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall)	1060:1091	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	0	37	theme	Hormones	24:31	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.	0:92	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	5	38	theme	cell	590:593	arg1	wall					595:598	the cell wall	586:598	the cell wall	586:598	The glucosamine fraction of the cell wall, as a representative for chitosan, followed similar but sharper changes, compared to the biomass.
26204839	9	39	theme	chitosan	1170:1177	arg1	production					1179:1188	the M. indicus growth and chitosan production	1144:1188	the M. indicus growth and chitosan production	1144:1188	In conclusion, IAA and KIN significantly enhanced the M. indicus growth and chitosan production, while at the same time decreasing the ethanol yield to some extent.
26204839	2	40	used	used	339:342	arg2	medium					290:295	A semi-synthetic medium	273:295	A semi-synthetic medium	273:295	A semi-synthetic medium, supplemented with 0-5 mg/L hormones, was used for the cultivations (at 32 °C for 48 h).
26204839	0	41	theme	indicus	42:48	arg1	Growth					50:55	Mucor indicus Growth	36:55	Mucor indicus Growth	36:55	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	8	42	theme	lowest	982:987	arg1	wall					1014:1017	0.01 g/g cell wall	1000:1017	0.01 g/g cell wall	1000:1017	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	8	42	theme	lowest	982:987	arg1	phosphate					989:997	the lowest phosphate	978:997	the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall)	978:1018	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	10	43	theme	growth	1287:1292	arg1	hormones					1294:1301	plant growth hormones	1281:1301	plant growth hormones	1281:1301	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	6	44	theme	highest	702:708	arg1	level					710:714	The highest level	698:714	The highest level	698:714	The highest level was 221% higher than that obtained without hormones.
26204839	6	44	theme	highest	702:708	arg1	higher					725:730	higher	725:730	higher	725:730	The highest level was 221% higher than that obtained without hormones.
26204839	2	45	dep	cultivations	352:363	arg1	°C					372:373	at 32 °C	366:373	at 32 °C	366:373	A semi-synthetic medium, supplemented with 0-5 mg/L hormones, was used for the cultivations (at 32 °C for 48 h).
26204839	8	46	theme	cell	1082:1085	arg1	wall					1087:1090	0.45 g/g cell wall	1073:1090	0.45 g/g cell wall	1073:1090	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	8	46	theme	cell	1082:1085	arg1	maximum					1064:1070	the maximum	1060:1070	the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall)	1060:1091	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	0	47	theme	Mucor	36:40	arg1	Growth					50:55	Mucor indicus Growth	36:55	Mucor indicus Growth	36:55	Effects of Plant Growth Hormones on Mucor indicus Growth and Chitosan and Ethanol Production.
26204839	1	48	theme	ethanol	253:259	arg1	production					261:270	ethanol production	253:270	ethanol production	253:270	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	10	49	theme	plant	1281:1285	arg1	hormones					1294:1301	plant growth hormones	1281:1301	plant growth hormones	1281:1301	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	2	50	theme	semi-synthetic	275:288	arg1	medium					290:295	A semi-synthetic medium	273:295	A semi-synthetic medium	273:295	A semi-synthetic medium, supplemented with 0-5 mg/L hormones, was used for the cultivations (at 32 °C for 48 h).
26204839	9	51	theme	indicus	1151:1157	arg1	growth					1159:1164	M. indicus growth	1148:1164	M. indicus growth	1148:1164	In conclusion, IAA and KIN significantly enhanced the M. indicus growth and chitosan production, while at the same time decreasing the ethanol yield to some extent.
26204839	1	52	theme	kinetin	187:193	arg1	effects					145:151	the effects	141:151	the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production	141:270	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	5	53	theme	glucosamine	562:572	arg1	fraction					574:581	The glucosamine fraction	558:581	The glucosamine fraction	558:581	The glucosamine fraction of the cell wall, as a representative for chitosan, followed similar but sharper changes, compared to the biomass.
26204839	1	54	theme	study	116:120	arg1	objective					98:106	The objective	94:106	The objective of this study	94:120	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	7	55	dep	glucosamine	805:815	arg1	chitosan					829:836	chitosan	829:836	chitosan	829:836	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan) was noticeably enhanced in the presence of the hormones.
26204839	7	55	dep	glucosamine	805:815	arg1	chitin					818:823	chitin	818:823	chitin	818:823	The sum of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine (chitin and chitosan) was noticeably enhanced in the presence of the hormones.
26204839	10	56	theme	high	1310:1313	arg1	potential					1315:1323	a high potential	1308:1323	a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus	1308:1387	This study shows that plant growth hormones have a high potential for the improvement of fungal chitosan production by M. indicus.
26204839	2	57	theme	0-5	316:318	arg1	hormones					325:332	0-5 mg/L hormones	316:332	0-5 mg/L hormones	316:332	A semi-synthetic medium, supplemented with 0-5 mg/L hormones, was used for the cultivations (at 32 °C for 48 h).
26204839	4	58	theme	higher	503:508	arg1	levels					510:515	higher levels	503:515	higher levels	503:515	At higher levels, however, an inverse trend was observed.
26204839	8	59	theme	phosphate	954:962	arg1	content					964:970	the phosphate content	950:970	the phosphate content	950:970	Increase of chitosan was accompanied by a decrease in the phosphate content, with the lowest phosphate (0.01 g/g cell wall) being obtained when the chitosan was at the maximum (0.45 g/g cell wall).
26204839	5	60	theme	similar	644:650	arg1	changes					664:670	similar but sharper changes	644:670	similar but sharper changes	644:670	The glucosamine fraction of the cell wall, as a representative for chitosan, followed similar but sharper changes, compared to the biomass.
26204839	1	61	from	effects	145:151	arg1	composition					236:246	cell wall composition	226:246	cell wall composition	226:246	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	1	61	from	effects	145:151	arg1	growth					218:223	Mucor indicus growth	204:223	Mucor indicus growth	204:223	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	1	61	from	effects	145:151	arg1	production					261:270	ethanol production	253:270	ethanol production	253:270	The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KIN) on Mucor indicus growth, cell wall composition, and ethanol production.
26204839	9	62	theme	growth	1159:1164	arg1	production					1179:1188	the M. indicus growth and chitosan production	1144:1188	the M. indicus growth and chitosan production	1144:1188	In conclusion, IAA and KIN significantly enhanced the M. indicus growth and chitosan production, while at the same time decreasing the ethanol yield to some extent.
29214176	1	0	dep	OBJECTIVE	82:90	arg1	investigate					95:105	investigate	95:105	To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children	92:154	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	4	1	theme	glycan	857:862	arg1	biosynthesis					864:875	glycan biosynthesis	857:875	glycan biosynthesis	857:875	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	2	from	samples	922:928	arg1	underrepresented					897:912	underrepresented	897:912	underrepresented	897:912	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	1	3	theme	obesity	252:258	arg1	development					260:270	obesity development	252:270	obesity development	252:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	2	4	theme	obese	501:505	arg1	children					507:514	obese children	501:514	obese children	501:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	7	5	theme	auxiliary	1427:1435	arg1	treatment					1437:1445	an auxiliary treatment	1424:1445	an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1424:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	3	6	theme	present	532:538	arg1	study					540:544	the present study	528:544	the present study	528:544	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	1	7	theme	development	260:270	arg1	mechanism					239:247	the mechanism	235:247	the mechanism of obesity development	235:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	4	8	theme	functional	688:697	arg1	chemotaxis					818:827	bacterial chemotaxis	808:827	bacterial chemotaxis	808:827	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	8	theme	functional	688:697	arg1	transporters					770:781	ATP-binding cassette transporters	749:781	ATP-binding cassette transporters	749:781	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	8	theme	functional	688:697	arg1	assembly					794:801	flagellar assembly	784:801	flagellar assembly	784:801	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	8	theme	functional	688:697	arg1	system					741:746	the phosphotransferase system	718:746	the phosphotransferase system	718:746	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	8	theme	functional	688:697	arg1	changes					699:705	functional changes	688:705	functional changes	688:705	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	2	9	theme	reduction	488:496	arg1	process					470:476	the process	466:476	the process of weight reduction in obese children	466:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	7	10	theme	obese	1334:1338	arg1	children					1340:1347	obese children	1334:1347	obese children	1334:1347	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	4	11	theme	cassette	761:768	arg1	transporters					770:781	ATP-binding cassette transporters	749:781	ATP-binding cassette transporters	749:781	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	7	12	from	diet	1413:1416	arg1	kind					1363:1366	a kind	1361:1366	a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1361:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	12	from	diet	1413:1416	arg1	conditions					1317:1326	healthy conditions	1309:1326	healthy conditions among obese children	1309:1347	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	2	13	theme	weight	481:486	arg1	reduction					488:496	weight reduction	481:496	weight reduction in obese children	481:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	0	14	from	Obesity	37:43	arg1	Adolescents					69:79	Adolescents	69:79	Adolescents	69:79	Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
29214176	0	14	from	Obesity	37:43	arg1	Children					56:63	Chinese Children	48:63	Chinese Children	48:63	Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
29214176	6	15	theme	gut	1137:1139	arg1	microbiota					1141:1150	gut microbiota	1137:1150	gut microbiota	1137:1150	CONCLUSION Our results might enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity and further provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity.
29214176	4	16	theme	ATP-binding	749:759	arg1	transporters					770:781	ATP-binding cassette transporters	749:781	ATP-binding cassette transporters	749:781	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	7	17	from	kind	1363:1366	arg1	diet					1413:1416	the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1409:1457	the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1409:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	2	18	theme	obese	371:375	arg1	children					377:384	obese children	371:384	obese children	371:384	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	0	19	theme	Gut	6:8	arg1	Microbiota					10:19	Human Gut Microbiota	0:19	Human Gut Microbiota	0:19	Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
29214176	6	20	dep	CONCLUSION	1080:1089	arg1	provide					1176:1182	provide	1176:1182	provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity	1176:1223	CONCLUSION Our results might enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity and further provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity.
29214176	6	20	dep	CONCLUSION	1080:1089	arg1	enrich					1109:1114	enrich	1109:1114	enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity	1109:1162	CONCLUSION Our results might enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity and further provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity.
29214176	1	21	theme	healthy	182:188	arg1	cohort					190:195	the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development	170:270	the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development	170:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	0	22	theme	Human	0:4	arg1	Microbiota					10:19	Human Gut Microbiota	0:19	Human Gut Microbiota	0:19	Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
29214176	2	23	theme	microbiota	354:363	arg1	gene					307:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	23	theme	microbiota	354:363	arg1	enterotypes					317:327	the enterotypes	313:327	the enterotypes	313:327	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	23	theme	microbiota	354:363	arg1	quantity					334:341	quantity	334:341	quantity	334:341	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	4	24	theme	bacterial	808:816	arg1	chemotaxis					818:827	bacterial chemotaxis	808:827	bacterial chemotaxis	808:827	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	2	25	theme	rRNA	302:305	arg1	gene					307:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	7	26	theme	probiotic	1385:1393	arg1	supplement					1395:1404	prebiotic and probiotic supplement	1371:1404	prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1371:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	2	27	theme	cohort	402:407	arg1	gene					307:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	27	theme	cohort	402:407	arg1	enterotypes					317:327	the enterotypes	313:327	the enterotypes	313:327	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	27	theme	cohort	402:407	arg1	quantity					334:341	quantity	334:341	quantity	334:341	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	5	28	theme	Bifidobacterium	971:985	arg1	Lactobacillus					991:1003	Lactobacillus	991:1003	Lactobacillus	991:1003	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	5	28	theme	Bifidobacterium	971:985	arg1	Bifidobacterium					971:985	Bifidobacterium	971:985	Bifidobacterium	971:985	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	5	28	theme	Bifidobacterium	971:985	arg1	amount					961:966	the amount	957:966	the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus	957:1003	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	2	29	theme	16S	298:300	arg1	gene					307:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	the 16S rRNA gene	294:310	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	30	theme	control	394:400	arg1	cohort					402:407	the control cohort	390:407	the control cohort	390:407	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	31	theme	microbiota	448:457	arg1	differences					425:435	the differences	421:435	the differences of the gut microbiota	421:457	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	7	32	theme	conditions	1317:1326	arg1	indicators					1295:1304	indicators	1295:1304	indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1295:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	32	theme	conditions	1317:1326	arg1	Lactobacillus					1264:1276	Lactobacillus	1264:1276	Lactobacillus	1264:1276	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	32	theme	conditions	1317:1326	arg1	Bifidobacterium					1244:1258	Bifidobacterium	1244:1258	Bifidobacterium	1244:1258	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	3	33	theme	obese	630:634	arg1	children					636:643	obese children	630:643	obese children	630:643	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	5	34	theme	obese	1025:1029	arg1	children					1031:1038	the obese children	1021:1038	the obese children	1021:1038	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	7	35	from	supplement	1395:1404	arg1	diet					1413:1416	the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1409:1457	the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1409:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	36	theme	healthy	1309:1315	arg1	conditions					1317:1326	healthy conditions	1309:1326	healthy conditions among obese children	1309:1347	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	2	37	theme	gut	444:446	arg1	microbiota					448:457	the gut microbiota	440:457	the gut microbiota	440:457	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	7	38	used	used	1287:1290	arg2	Bifidobacterium					1244:1258	Bifidobacterium	1244:1258	Bifidobacterium	1244:1258	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	38	used	used	1287:1290	arg2	indicators					1295:1304	indicators	1295:1304	indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1295:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	38	used	used	1287:1290	arg2	Lactobacillus					1264:1276	Lactobacillus	1264:1276	Lactobacillus	1264:1276	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	1	39	theme	further	210:216	arg1	understanding					218:230	further understanding	210:230	further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development	210:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	0	40	theme	Chinese	48:54	arg1	Children					56:63	Chinese Children	48:63	Chinese Children	48:63	Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
29214176	2	41	from	process	470:476	arg1	children					507:514	obese children	501:514	obese children	501:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	7	42	theme	prebiotic	1371:1379	arg1	supplement					1395:1404	prebiotic and probiotic supplement	1371:1404	prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1371:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	43	from	conditions	1317:1326	arg1	diet					1413:1416	the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1409:1457	the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1409:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	1	44	theme	gut	111:113	arg1	differences					126:136	the gut microbiota differences	107:136	the gut microbiota differences of obese children	107:154	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	2	45	from	reduction	488:496	arg1	children					507:514	obese children	501:514	obese children	501:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	3	46	theme	healthy	653:659	arg1	cohort					661:666	the healthy cohort	649:666	the healthy cohort	649:666	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	1	47	theme	microbiota	115:124	arg1	differences					126:136	the gut microbiota differences	107:136	the gut microbiota differences of obese children	107:154	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	4	48	theme	flagellar	784:792	arg1	assembly					794:801	flagellar assembly	784:801	flagellar assembly	784:801	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	49	theme	case	917:920	arg1	samples					922:928	case samples	917:928	case samples	917:928	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	1	50	theme	obese	141:145	arg1	children					147:154	obese children	141:154	obese children	141:154	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	5	51	theme	Lactobacillus	991:1003	arg1	Lactobacillus					991:1003	Lactobacillus	991:1003	Lactobacillus	991:1003	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	5	51	theme	Lactobacillus	991:1003	arg1	Bifidobacterium					971:985	Bifidobacterium	971:985	Bifidobacterium	971:985	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	5	51	theme	Lactobacillus	991:1003	arg1	amount					961:966	the amount	957:966	the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus	957:1003	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	7	52	theme	supplement	1395:1404	arg1	kind					1363:1366	a kind	1361:1366	a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1361:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	52	theme	supplement	1395:1404	arg1	conditions					1317:1326	healthy conditions	1309:1326	healthy conditions among obese children	1309:1347	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	3	53	dep	RESULTS	517:523	arg1	learned					550:556	learned	550:556	learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort	550:666	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	4	54	theme	phosphotransferase	722:739	arg1	system					741:746	the phosphotransferase system	718:746	the phosphotransferase system	718:746	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	4	55	from	underrepresented	897:912	arg1	samples					922:928	case samples	917:928	case samples	917:928	Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples.
29214176	7	56	theme	kind	1363:1366	arg1	indicators					1295:1304	indicators	1295:1304	indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity	1295:1457	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	56	theme	kind	1363:1366	arg1	Lactobacillus					1264:1276	Lactobacillus	1264:1276	Lactobacillus	1264:1276	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	7	56	theme	kind	1363:1366	arg1	Bifidobacterium					1244:1258	Bifidobacterium	1244:1258	Bifidobacterium	1244:1258	We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.
29214176	2	57	dep	METHODS	273:279	arg1	evaluated					284:292	evaluated	284:292	evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort	284:407	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	2	57	dep	METHODS	273:279	arg1	learned					413:419	learned	413:419	learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children	413:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	5	58	theme	weight	1062:1067	arg1	reduction					1069:1077	weight reduction	1062:1077	weight reduction	1062:1077	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	2	59	from	children	507:514	arg1	process					470:476	the process	466:476	the process of weight reduction in obese children	466:514	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	5	60	theme	reduction	1069:1077	arg1	process					1051:1057	the process	1047:1057	the process of weight reduction	1047:1077	Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.
29214176	3	61	theme	gut	567:569	arg1	composition					582:592	the gut microbiota composition	563:592	the gut microbiota composition	563:592	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	3	61	theme	gut	567:569	arg1	different					612:620	different	612:620	different	612:620	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	2	62	theme	gut	350:352	arg1	microbiota					354:363	the gut microbiota	346:363	the gut microbiota among obese children	346:384	METHODS We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.
29214176	6	63	theme	clinical	1186:1193	arg1	basis					1195:1199	a clinical basis	1184:1199	a clinical basis for therapy for obesity	1184:1223	CONCLUSION Our results might enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity and further provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity.
29214176	3	64	theme	microbiota	571:580	arg1	composition					582:592	the gut microbiota composition	563:592	the gut microbiota composition	563:592	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	3	64	theme	microbiota	571:580	arg1	different					612:620	different	612:620	different	612:620	RESULTS In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort.
29214176	1	65	theme	children	147:154	arg1	differences					126:136	the gut microbiota differences	107:136	the gut microbiota differences of obese children	107:154	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
29214176	1	66	theme	mechanism	239:247	arg1	understanding					218:230	further understanding	210:230	further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development	210:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.
26249617	5	0	theme	cell	762:765	arg1	viability					767:775	cell viability	762:775	cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	762:813	The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin.
26249617	10	1	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	1502:1512	arg1	scaffolds					1514:1522	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds	1498:1522	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds	1498:1522	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	3	2	theme	cross-linked	580:591	arg1	CS-PVP					593:598	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	572:598	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	572:598	Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP.
26249617	10	3	contain	possess	1524:1530	arg2	properties					1558:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	3	contain	possess	1524:1530	arg2	capability					1593:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	3	contain	possess	1524:1530	arg1	scaffolds					1514:1522	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds	1498:1522	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds	1498:1522	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	3	contain	possess	1524:1530	arg2	biocompatibility					1613:1628	good biocompatibility	1608:1628	good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion	1608:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	7	4	dep	adhesion	1032:1039	arg1	the					1023:1025	the	1023:1025	the	1023:1025	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	3	5	theme	genipin	572:578	arg1	CS-PVP					593:598	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	572:598	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	572:598	Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP.
26249617	7	6	theme	SEM	976:978	arg1	results					980:986	SEM results	976:986	SEM results	976:986	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	8	7	theme	drug	1111:1114	arg1	performance					1124:1134	The drug release performance	1107:1134	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold	1107:1165	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	2	8	theme	structure	439:447	arg1	terms					399:403	terms	399:403	terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively	399:475	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	10	9	theme	physicochemical	1542:1556	arg1	capability					1593:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	9	theme	physicochemical	1542:1556	arg1	properties					1558:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	9	theme	physicochemical	1542:1556	arg1	biocompatibility					1613:1628	good biocompatibility	1608:1628	good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion	1608:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	2	10	theme	cross-linked	314:325	arg1	scaffolds					351:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	1	11	theme	replication	217:227	arg1	techniques					256:265	foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques	212:265	foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques	212:265	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	10	12	theme	cell	1744:1747	arg1	stimulation					1749:1759	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	1735:1759	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	1735:1759	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	1	13	theme	chemical	233:240	arg1	cross-linking					242:254	chemical cross-linking	233:254	chemical cross-linking	233:254	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	5	14	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	794:804	arg1	scaffold					806:813	the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	780:813	the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	780:813	The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin.
26249617	10	15	theme	tissue	1770:1775	arg1	engineering					1777:1787	bone tissue engineering	1765:1787	bone tissue engineering	1765:1787	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	2	16	theme	pristine	272:279	arg1	BG					281:282	The pristine BG	268:282	The pristine BG	268:282	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	5	17	theme	genipin	860:866	arg1	cross-linking					843:855	cross-linking	843:855	cross-linking of genipin	843:866	The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin.
26249617	2	18	theme	coated	292:297	arg1	BG					299:300	CS-PVP coated BG	285:300	CS-PVP coated BG	285:300	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	10	19	theme	drug	1580:1583	arg1	release					1585:1591	sustained drug release	1570:1591	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	0	20	theme	drug	106:109	arg1	release					111:117	drug release	106:117	drug release	106:117	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release.
26249617	7	21	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	1085:1095	arg1	scaffold					1097:1104	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1081:1104	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1081:1104	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	6	22	theme	F-actin	918:924	arg1	bundles					926:932	well-stretched F-actin bundles	903:932	well-stretched F-actin bundles	903:932	Cell skeleton images exhibit that well-stretched F-actin bundles are obtained on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	10	23	theme	good	1608:1611	arg1	biocompatibility					1613:1628	good biocompatibility	1608:1628	good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion	1608:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	23	theme	good	1608:1611	arg1	properties					1558:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	2	24	theme	morphology	453:462	arg1	terms					399:403	terms	399:403	terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively	399:475	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	9	25	theme	drug	1420:1423	arg1	properties					1433:1442	improved drug release properties	1411:1442	improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1411:1470	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	9	26	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	1451:1461	arg1	scaffold					1463:1470	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1447:1470	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1447:1470	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	3	27	theme	enzymatic	492:500	arg1	degradation					502:512	enzymatic degradation	492:512	enzymatic degradation of the scaffold	492:528	Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP.
26249617	0	28	theme	Multifunctional	0:14	arg1	Bioglass®					52:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	0:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	0:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release.
26249617	8	29	theme	buffered	1194:1201	arg1	PBS					1211:1213	PBS	1211:1213	PBS	1211:1213	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	8	29	theme	buffered	1194:1201	arg1	saline					1203:1208	phosphate buffered saline	1184:1208	a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution	1182:1223	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	1	30	theme	Novel	120:124	arg1	scaffolds					184:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	120:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	120:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	9	31	theme	BG	1307:1308	arg1	scaffold					1310:1317	the pristine BG scaffold	1294:1317	the pristine BG scaffold	1294:1317	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	0	32	theme	pyrrolidone/45S5	35:50	arg1	Bioglass®					52:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	0:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	0:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release.
26249617	1	33	theme	pyrrolidone/45S5	145:160	arg1	CS-PVP/BG					173:181	CS-PVP/BG	173:181	CS-PVP/BG	173:181	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	1	33	theme	pyrrolidone/45S5	145:160	arg1	Bioglass®					162:170	chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	126:170	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	120:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	4	34	theme	osteoblast-like	642:656	arg1	cells					658:662	MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	633:662	MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	633:662	The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by studying cell viability, adhesion and proliferation.
26249617	3	35	theme	scaffold	521:528	arg1	degradation					502:512	enzymatic degradation	492:512	enzymatic degradation of the scaffold	492:528	Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP.
26249617	9	36	theme	scaffold	1463:1470	arg1	properties					1433:1442	improved drug release properties	1411:1442	improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1411:1470	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	0	37	theme	MC3T3-E1	76:83	arg1	stimulation					90:100	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	76:100	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	76:100	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release.
26249617	6	38	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	954:964	arg1	scaffold					966:973	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	950:973	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	950:973	Cell skeleton images exhibit that well-stretched F-actin bundles are obtained on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	4	39	theme	cell	691:694	arg1	viability					696:704	cell viability	691:704	cell viability	691:704	The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by studying cell viability, adhesion and proliferation.
26249617	10	40	theme	potential	1695:1703	arg1	applications					1705:1716	their potential applications	1689:1716	their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering	1689:1787	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	3	41	theme	CS-PVP	593:598	arg1	use					565:567	the use	561:567	the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	561:598	Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP.
26249617	7	42	theme	cell	1027:1030	arg1	adhesion					1032:1039	cell adhesion	1027:1039	cell adhesion	1027:1039	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	4	43	from	bio-effects	605:615	arg1	cells					658:662	MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	633:662	MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	633:662	The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by studying cell viability, adhesion and proliferation.
26249617	5	44	theme	CCK-8	739:743	arg1	assay					745:749	The CCK-8 assay	735:749	The CCK-8 assay	735:749	The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin.
26249617	2	45	theme	chemical	408:415	arg1	composition					417:427	chemical composition	408:427	chemical composition	408:427	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	8	46	from	performance	1124:1134	arg1	scaffold					1158:1165	the as-synthesized scaffold	1139:1165	the as-synthesized scaffold	1139:1165	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	2	47	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	338:348	arg1	scaffolds					351:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	7	48	theme	significant	996:1006	arg1	improvement					1008:1018	significant improvement	996:1018	significant improvement	996:1018	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	7	49	attach	present	988:994	arg2	results					980:986	SEM results	976:986	SEM results	976:986	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	7	49	attach	present	988:994	arg1	proliferation					1045:1057	proliferation	1045:1057	proliferation	1045:1057	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	7	49	attach	present	988:994	arg1	adhesion					1032:1039	cell adhesion	1027:1039	cell adhesion	1027:1039	SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	8	50	theme	release	1116:1122	arg1	performance					1124:1134	The drug release performance	1107:1134	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold	1107:1165	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	6	51	theme	well-stretched	903:916	arg1	bundles					926:932	well-stretched F-actin bundles	903:932	well-stretched F-actin bundles	903:932	Cell skeleton images exhibit that well-stretched F-actin bundles are obtained on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	2	52	theme	CS-PVP/BG	327:335	arg1	scaffolds					351:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	1	53	theme	foam	212:215	arg1	replication					217:227	foam replication	212:227	foam replication	212:227	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	10	54	theme	promising	1532:1540	arg1	capability					1593:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	54	theme	promising	1532:1540	arg1	properties					1558:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	54	theme	promising	1532:1540	arg1	biocompatibility					1613:1628	good biocompatibility	1608:1628	good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion	1608:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	8	55	theme	as-synthesized	1143:1156	arg1	scaffold					1158:1165	the as-synthesized scaffold	1139:1165	the as-synthesized scaffold	1139:1165	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	10	56	theme	MC3T3-E1	1735:1742	arg1	stimulation					1749:1759	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	1735:1759	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	1735:1759	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	2	57	link	cross-linked	314:325	arg1	scaffolds					351:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	5	58	theme	resulting	784:792	arg1	scaffold					806:813	the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	780:813	the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	780:813	The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin.
26249617	6	59	theme	skeleton	874:881	arg1	images					883:888	Cell skeleton images	869:888	Cell skeleton images	869:888	Cell skeleton images exhibit that well-stretched F-actin bundles are obtained on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	1	60	theme	cross-linking	242:254	arg1	techniques					256:265	foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques	212:265	foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques	212:265	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	3	61	link	cross-linked	580:591	arg1	CS-PVP					593:598	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	572:598	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP	572:598	Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP.
26249617	9	62	theme	release	1333:1339	arg1	period					1341:1346	the release period	1329:1346	the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1329:1376	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	2	63	theme	CS-PVP	285:290	arg1	BG					299:300	CS-PVP coated BG	285:300	CS-PVP coated BG	285:300	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	10	64	theme	bone	1765:1768	arg1	engineering					1777:1787	bone tissue engineering	1765:1787	bone tissue engineering	1765:1787	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	9	65	theme	pristine	1298:1305	arg1	scaffold					1310:1317	the pristine BG scaffold	1294:1317	the pristine BG scaffold	1294:1317	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	1	66	theme	Bioglass®	162:170	arg1	scaffolds					184:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	120:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	120:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	9	67	theme	G-CS-PVP/BG	1357:1367	arg1	scaffold					1369:1376	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1353:1376	the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1353:1376	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	2	68	theme	genipin	306:312	arg1	scaffolds					351:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	306:359	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	10	69	theme	sustained	1570:1578	arg1	release					1585:1591	sustained drug release	1570:1591	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	70	dep	cells	1643:1647	arg1	proliferation					1650:1662	proliferation	1650:1662	proliferation	1650:1662	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	70	dep	cells	1643:1647	arg1	cells					1643:1647	MC3T3-E1 cells	1634:1647	MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion	1634:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	70	dep	cells	1643:1647	arg1	adhesion					1668:1675	adhesion	1668:1675	adhesion	1668:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	9	71	theme	improved	1411:1418	arg1	properties					1433:1442	improved drug release properties	1411:1442	improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1411:1470	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	8	72	theme	phosphate	1184:1192	arg1	PBS					1211:1213	PBS	1211:1213	PBS	1211:1213	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	8	72	theme	phosphate	1184:1192	arg1	saline					1203:1208	phosphate buffered saline	1184:1208	a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution	1182:1223	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	0	73	theme	chitosan/polyvinyl	16:33	arg1	Bioglass®					52:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	0:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	0:60	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release.
26249617	9	74	theme	release	1425:1431	arg1	properties					1433:1442	improved drug release properties	1411:1442	improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1411:1470	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	8	75	theme	saline	1203:1208	arg1	solution					1216:1223	a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution	1182:1223	a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution	1182:1223	The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution.
26249617	4	76	theme	MC3T3-E1	633:640	arg1	cells					658:662	MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	633:662	MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	633:662	The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by studying cell viability, adhesion and proliferation.
26249617	10	77	theme	release	1585:1591	arg1	capability					1593:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	sustained drug release capability	1570:1602	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	77	theme	release	1585:1591	arg1	properties					1558:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	promising physicochemical properties	1532:1567	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	2	78	theme	physical	430:437	arg1	structure					439:447	physical structure	430:447	physical structure	430:447	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	1	79	theme	chitosan-polyvinyl	126:143	arg1	CS-PVP/BG					173:181	CS-PVP/BG	173:181	CS-PVP/BG	173:181	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	1	79	theme	chitosan-polyvinyl	126:143	arg1	Bioglass®					162:170	chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass®	126:170	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds	120:192	Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques.
26249617	10	80	theme	MC3T3-E1	1634:1641	arg1	proliferation					1650:1662	proliferation	1650:1662	proliferation	1650:1662	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	80	theme	MC3T3-E1	1634:1641	arg1	cells					1643:1647	MC3T3-E1 cells	1634:1647	MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion	1634:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	80	theme	MC3T3-E1	1634:1641	arg1	adhesion					1668:1675	adhesion	1668:1675	adhesion	1668:1675	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	9	81	attach	released	1252:1259	arg2	Vancomycin					1226:1235	Vancomycin	1226:1235	Vancomycin	1226:1235	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	9	81	attach	released	1252:1259	arg1	scaffold					1310:1317	the pristine BG scaffold	1294:1317	the pristine BG scaffold	1294:1317	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	6	82	theme	Cell	869:872	arg1	images					883:888	Cell skeleton images	869:888	Cell skeleton images	869:888	Cell skeleton images exhibit that well-stretched F-actin bundles are obtained on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	0	83	theme	cell	85:88	arg1	stimulation					90:100	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	76:100	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	76:100	Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release.
26249617	4	84	theme	scaffolds	620:628	arg1	bio-effects					605:615	The bio-effects	601:615	The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells	601:662	The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by studying cell viability, adhesion and proliferation.
26249617	10	85	from	applications	1705:1716	arg1	stimulation					1749:1759	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	1735:1759	MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation	1735:1759	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	85	from	applications	1705:1716	arg1	areas					1721:1725	areas	1721:1725	areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering	1721:1787	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	10	85	from	applications	1705:1716	arg1	engineering					1777:1787	bone tissue engineering	1765:1787	bone tissue engineering	1765:1787	Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.
26249617	9	86	theme	burst	1264:1268	arg1	fashion					1270:1276	burst fashion	1264:1276	burst fashion	1264:1276	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	9	87	from	scaffold	1369:1376	arg1	period					1341:1346	the release period	1329:1346	the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	1329:1376	Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold.
26249617	2	88	theme	composition	417:427	arg1	terms					399:403	terms	399:403	terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively	399:475	The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively.
26249617	5	89	from	viability	767:775	arg1	scaffold					806:813	the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	780:813	the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold	780:813	The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin.
26154421	1	0	theme	watery	313:318	arg1	diarrhea					320:327	a severe watery diarrhea	304:327	a severe watery diarrhea	304:327	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	1	0	theme	watery	313:318	arg1	cholera					295:301	cholera	295:301	cholera	295:301	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	11	1	theme	survival	1714:1721	arg1	model					1741:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	6	2	theme	IgG	1014:1016	arg1	responses					1018:1026	prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses	977:1026	responses	1018:1026	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	4	3	theme	V.	604:605	arg1	strain					625:630	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	10	4	dep	presence	1595:1602	arg1	the					1591:1593	the	1591:1593	the	1591:1593	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	9	5	theme	immune	1318:1323	arg1	responses					1325:1333	comparable immune responses	1307:1333	comparable immune responses	1307:1333	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	6	6	theme	anti-TT	1000:1006	arg1	responses					1018:1026	prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses	977:1026	responses	1018:1026	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	4	7	theme	O1	616:617	arg1	strain					625:630	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	12	8	dep	CONCLUSION	1748:1757	arg1	vaccine					1813:1819	rTTHc conjugate vaccine	1797:1819	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.	1748:1889	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	12	8	dep	CONCLUSION	1748:1757	arg1	report					1762:1767	report	1762:1767	report development of an Inaba OSP	1762:1795	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	6	9	theme	cell	1074:1077	arg1	responses					1079:1087	vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses	1040:1087	responses	1079:1087	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	4	10	from	OSP	597:599	arg1	chemistry					578:586	squaric acid chemistry	565:586	squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	565:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	11	theme	Recombinant	99:109	arg1	Fragment					111:118	Recombinant Fragment	99:118	Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	99:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	5	12	theme	adjuvant	896:903	arg1	rTTHc					859:863	rTTHc	859:863	rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1)	859:880	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	12	theme	adjuvant	896:903	arg1	effect					883:888	effect	883:888	effect of an adjuvant	883:903	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	12	theme	adjuvant	896:903	arg1	route					910:914	route	910:914	route of immunization	910:930	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	10	13	theme	immunoadjuvant	1618:1631	arg1	alum					1633:1636	immunoadjuvant alum	1618:1636	immunoadjuvant alum	1618:1636	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	12	14	theme	OSP	1793:1795	arg1	development					1769:1779	development	1769:1779	development of an Inaba OSP	1769:1795	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	6	15	theme	B	1072:1072	arg1	responses					1079:1087	vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses	1040:1087	responses	1079:1087	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	5	16	dep	rTTHc	859:863	arg1	3:1					866:868	3:1	866:868	3:1	866:868	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	16	dep	rTTHc	859:863	arg1	10:1					876:879	10:1	876:879	10:1	876:879	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	16	dep	rTTHc	859:863	arg1	5:1					871:873	5:1	871:873	5:1	871:873	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	11	17	theme	55	1679:1680	arg1	%					1681:1681	%	1681:1681	%	1681:1681	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	13	18	theme	immune	1983:1988	arg1	responses					1990:1998	long-term immune responses	1973:1998	long-term immune responses	1973:1998	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	0	19	dep	OSP	150:152	arg1	rTTHc					154:158	rTTHc	154:158	OSP:rTTHc	150:158	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	12	20	theme	rTTHc	1797:1801	arg1	vaccine					1813:1819	rTTHc conjugate vaccine	1797:1819	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.	1748:1889	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	4	21	theme	recombinant	645:655	arg1	fragment					669:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment	643:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	643:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	22	theme	Toxin	131:135	arg1	OSP					150:152	OSP	150:152	OSP:rTTHc	150:158	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	22	theme	Toxin	131:135	arg1	Chain					143:147	Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain	123:147	Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	123:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	6	23	theme	vibriocidal	1040:1050	arg1	antibody					1052:1059	vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses	1040:1087	antibody	1052:1059	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	4	24	theme	chain	663:667	arg1	fragment					669:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment	643:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	643:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	25	theme	Chain	143:147	arg1	OSP					66:68	OSP	66:68	OSP	66:68	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	25	theme	Chain	143:147	arg1	Polysaccharide					50:63	O-specific Polysaccharide	39:63	O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba	39:93	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	25	theme	Chain	143:147	arg1	Fragment					111:118	Recombinant Fragment	99:118	Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	99:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	13	26	theme	high	1958:1961	arg1	level					1963:1967	high level	1958:1967	high level	1958:1967	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	9	27	theme	memory	1385:1390	arg1	cell					1394:1397	memory B cell and vibriocidal responses	1385:1423	cell	1394:1397	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	4	28	theme	strain	625:630	arg1	fragment					669:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment	643:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	643:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	4	28	theme	strain	625:630	arg1	OSP					597:599	the OSP	593:599	the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	593:637	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	13	29	theme	effective	1909:1917	arg1	vaccine					1937:1943	an effective cholera conjugate vaccine	1906:1943	an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP	1906:2010	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	5	30	theme	vaccine	731:737	arg1	doses					739:743	vaccine doses	731:743	vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions	731:816	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	8	31	theme	Intestinal	1187:1196	arg1	responses					1218:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses	1187:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP	1187:1240	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP occurred following intradermal vaccination.
26154421	13	32	theme	conjugate	1927:1935	arg1	vaccine					1937:1943	an effective cholera conjugate vaccine	1906:1943	an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP	1906:2010	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	0	33	theme	Lamina	187:192	arg1	Responses					203:211	Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses	169:211	Responses	203:211	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	9	34	theme	vibriocidal	1403:1413	arg1	responses					1415:1423	memory B cell and vibriocidal responses	1385:1423	responses	1415:1423	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	8	35	theme	proprial	1205:1212	arg1	responses					1218:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses	1187:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP	1187:1240	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP occurred following intradermal vaccination.
26154421	9	36	theme	highest	1460:1466	arg1	dose					1468:1471	the highest dose	1456:1471	the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg)	1456:1490	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	3	37	theme	O-specific	420:429	arg1	OSP					447:449	OSP	447:449	OSP	447:449	Serogroup specificity is defined by the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
26154421	3	37	theme	O-specific	420:429	arg1	polysaccharide					431:444	O-specific polysaccharide	420:444	the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	416:488	Serogroup specificity is defined by the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
26154421	10	38	theme	appreciable	1505:1515	arg1	change					1517:1522	no appreciable change	1502:1522	no appreciable change	1502:1522	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	0	39	theme	Inaba	89:93	arg1	OSP					66:68	OSP	66:68	OSP	66:68	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	39	theme	Inaba	89:93	arg1	Polysaccharide					50:63	O-specific Polysaccharide	39:63	O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba	39:93	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	39	theme	Inaba	89:93	arg1	Fragment					111:118	Recombinant Fragment	99:118	Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	99:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	1	40	theme	severe	306:311	arg1	diarrhea					320:327	a severe watery diarrhea	304:327	a severe watery diarrhea	304:327	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	1	40	theme	severe	306:311	arg1	cholera					295:301	cholera	295:301	cholera	295:301	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	11	41	from	efficacy	1694:1701	arg1	model					1741:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	6	42	theme	intramuscular	1099:1111	arg1	vaccination					1128:1138	intramuscular or intradermal vaccination	1099:1138	intramuscular or intradermal vaccination	1099:1138	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	4	43	theme	toxin	689:693	arg1	fragment					669:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment	643:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	643:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	4	43	theme	toxin	689:693	arg1	OSP					597:599	the OSP	593:599	the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	593:637	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	44	theme	Conjugate	10:18	arg1	Protective					232:241	Protective	232:241	Protective	232:241	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	44	theme	Conjugate	10:18	arg1	Vaccine					20:26	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine	0:26	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	0:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	13	45	theme	polysaccharide	2084:2097	arg1	antigens					2099:2106	polysaccharide antigens	2084:2106	polysaccharide antigens	2084:2106	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	5	46	theme	loading	835:841	arg1	ratio					843:847	molar loading ratio	829:847	molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization	829:930	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	9	47	theme	B	1392:1392	arg1	cell					1394:1397	memory B cell and vibriocidal responses	1385:1423	cell	1394:1397	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	9	48	theme	comparable	1307:1316	arg1	responses					1325:1333	comparable immune responses	1307:1333	comparable immune responses	1307:1333	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	1	49	theme	BACKGROUND	252:261	arg1	cholerae					270:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae	252:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae	252:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	1	49	theme	BACKGROUND	252:261	arg1	cause					286:290	the cause	282:290	the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea	282:327	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	13	50	theme	young	2047:2051	arg1	children					2053:2060	young children	2047:2060	young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens	2047:2106	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	13	51	from	beneficial	2021:2030	arg1	children					2053:2060	young children	2047:2060	young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens	2047:2106	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	3	52	theme	polysaccharide	431:444	arg1	component					452:460	the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component	416:460	the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	416:488	Serogroup specificity is defined by the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
26154421	6	53	theme	FINDINGS	943:950	arg1	mice					962:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice	933:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice	933:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	3	54	theme	lipopolysaccharide	465:482	arg1	component					452:460	the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component	416:460	the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	416:488	Serogroup specificity is defined by the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
26154421	4	55	theme	squaric	565:571	arg1	chemistry					578:586	squaric acid chemistry	565:586	squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	565:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	11	56	theme	mouse	1708:1712	arg1	model					1741:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	4	57	theme	conjugate	522:530	arg1	vaccine					532:538	a conjugate vaccine	520:538	a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	520:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	6	58	theme	intradermal	1116:1126	arg1	vaccination					1128:1138	intramuscular or intradermal vaccination	1099:1138	intramuscular or intradermal vaccination	1099:1138	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	12	59	theme	memory	1834:1839	arg1	responses					1841:1849	memory responses	1834:1849	memory responses	1834:1849	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	0	60	theme	Serum	169:173	arg1	Responses					203:211	Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses	169:211	Responses	203:211	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	5	61	theme	OSP	758:760	arg1	content					762:768	the OSP content	754:768	the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions	754:816	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	6	62	theme	serum	1008:1012	arg1	responses					1018:1026	prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses	977:1026	responses	1018:1026	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	0	63	from	Mice	246:249	arg1	Protective					232:241	Protective	232:241	Protective	232:241	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	63	from	Mice	246:249	arg1	Vaccine					20:26	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine	0:26	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	0:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	64	theme	Memory	176:181	arg1	Responses					203:211	Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses	169:211	Responses	203:211	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	12	65	theme	conjugate	1803:1811	arg1	vaccine					1813:1819	rTTHc conjugate vaccine	1797:1819	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.	1748:1889	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	0	66	from	Protective	232:241	arg1	Mice					246:249	Mice	246:249	Mice	246:249	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	11	67	theme	rTTHc	1661:1665	arg1	Administration					1639:1652	Administration	1639:1652	Administration of OSP:rTTHc	1639:1665	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	10	68	theme	alum	1633:1636	arg1	absence					1607:1613	absence	1607:1613	absence	1607:1613	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	10	68	theme	alum	1633:1636	arg1	presence					1595:1602	presence	1595:1602	presence	1595:1602	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	5	69	theme	doses	739:743	arg1	range					722:726	a range	720:726	a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions	720:816	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	6	70	theme	prominent	977:985	arg1	anti-OSP					987:994	prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses	977:1026	anti-OSP	987:994	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	11	71	theme	OSP	1657:1659	arg1	rTTHc					1661:1665	OSP:rTTHc	1657:1665	OSP:rTTHc	1657:1665	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	0	72	theme	Tetanus	123:129	arg1	OSP					150:152	OSP	150:152	OSP:rTTHc	150:158	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	72	theme	Tetanus	123:129	arg1	Chain					143:147	Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain	123:147	Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	123:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	13	73	theme	long-term	1973:1981	arg1	responses					1990:1998	long-term immune responses	1973:1998	long-term immune responses	1973:1998	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	4	74	theme	cholerae	607:614	arg1	strain					625:630	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	12	75	theme	Inaba	1787:1791	arg1	OSP					1793:1795	an Inaba OSP	1784:1795	an Inaba OSP	1784:1795	CONCLUSION We report development of an Inaba OSP:rTTHc conjugate vaccine that induces memory responses and protection against cholera in mice.
26154421	6	76	theme	memory	1065:1070	arg1	responses					1079:1087	vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses	1040:1087	responses	1079:1087	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	11	77	theme	%	1681:1681	arg1	efficacy					1694:1701	55% protective efficacy	1679:1701	55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1679:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	0	78	theme	Heavy	137:141	arg1	OSP					150:152	OSP	150:152	OSP:rTTHc	150:158	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	78	theme	Heavy	137:141	arg1	Chain					143:147	Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain	123:147	Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	123:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	13	79	theme	vaccine	1937:1943	arg1	Development					1891:1901	Development	1891:1901	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP	1891:2010	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	5	80	theme	vaccine	797:803	arg1	vaccine					777:783	the vaccine	773:783	the vaccine (10-50 μg)	773:794	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	80	theme	vaccine	797:803	arg1	compositions					805:816	vaccine compositions	797:816	vaccine compositions	797:816	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	4	81	theme	heavy	657:661	arg1	fragment					669:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment	643:676	a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	643:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	11	82	theme	protective	1683:1692	arg1	efficacy					1694:1701	55% protective efficacy	1679:1701	55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1679:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	5	83	theme	vaccine	777:783	arg1	content					762:768	the OSP content	754:768	the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions	754:816	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	4	84	theme	Inaba	619:623	arg1	strain					625:630	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018	604:637	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	85	theme	V.	74:75	arg1	Inaba					89:93	V. cholerae O1 Inaba	74:93	V. cholerae O1 Inaba	74:93	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	13	86	theme	cholera	1919:1925	arg1	vaccine					1937:1943	an effective cholera conjugate vaccine	1906:1943	an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP	1906:2010	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	4	87	dep	OSP	696:698	arg1	rTTHc					700:704	rTTHc	700:704	OSP:rTTHc	696:704	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	88	theme	O1	86:87	arg1	Inaba					89:93	V. cholerae O1 Inaba	74:93	V. cholerae O1 Inaba	74:93	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	1	89	theme	cholera	295:301	arg1	cholerae					270:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae	252:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae	252:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	1	89	theme	cholera	295:301	arg1	cause					286:290	the cause	282:290	the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea	282:327	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	13	90	from	children	2053:2060	arg1	beneficial					2021:2030	beneficial	2021:2030	beneficial	2021:2030	Development of an effective cholera conjugate vaccine that induces high level and long-term immune responses against OSP would be beneficial, especially in young children who respond poorly to polysaccharide antigens.
26154421	8	91	theme	lamina	1198:1203	arg1	responses					1218:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses	1187:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP	1187:1240	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP occurred following intradermal vaccination.
26154421	5	92	theme	immunization	919:930	arg1	rTTHc					859:863	rTTHc	859:863	rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1)	859:880	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	92	theme	immunization	919:930	arg1	effect					883:888	effect	883:888	effect of an adjuvant	883:903	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	5	92	theme	immunization	919:930	arg1	route					910:914	route	910:914	route of immunization	910:930	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	0	93	theme	Proprial	194:201	arg1	Responses					203:211	Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses	169:211	Responses	203:211	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	5	94	theme	OSP	852:854	arg1	ratio					843:847	molar loading ratio	829:847	molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization	829:930	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	8	95	theme	IgA	1214:1216	arg1	responses					1218:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses	1187:1226	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP	1187:1240	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP occurred following intradermal vaccination.
26154421	0	96	theme	Cholera	2:8	arg1	Protective					232:241	Protective	232:241	Protective	232:241	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	96	theme	Cholera	2:8	arg1	Vaccine					20:26	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine	0:26	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc)	0:159	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	4	97	dep	Here	503:506	arg1	METHODOLOGY					491:501	METHODOLOGY	491:501	METHODOLOGY	491:501	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	0	98	dep	V.	74:75	arg1	cholerae					77:84	cholerae	77:84	cholerae	77:84	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	7	99	theme	anti-squarate	1162:1174	arg1	responses					1176:1184	anti-squarate responses	1162:1184	anti-squarate responses	1162:1184	Mice did not develop anti-squarate responses.
26154421	11	100	theme	cholera	1723:1729	arg1	model					1741:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
26154421	3	101	theme	Serogroup	380:388	arg1	specificity					390:400	Serogroup specificity	380:400	Serogroup specificity	380:400	Serogroup specificity is defined by the O-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
26154421	4	102	from	fragment	669:676	arg1	chemistry					578:586	squaric acid chemistry	565:586	squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	565:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	5	103	theme	molar	829:833	arg1	ratio					843:847	molar loading ratio	829:847	molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization	829:930	We assessed a range of vaccine doses based on the OSP content of the vaccine (10-50 μg), vaccine compositions varying by molar loading ratio of OSP to rTTHc (3:1, 5:1, 10:1), effect of an adjuvant, and route of immunization.
26154421	4	104	theme	tetanus	681:687	arg1	OSP					696:698	OSP	696:698	OSP:rTTHc	696:704	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	4	104	theme	tetanus	681:687	arg1	toxin					689:693	tetanus toxin	681:693	tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	681:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	10	105	theme	immune	1527:1532	arg1	responses					1534:1542	immune responses	1527:1542	immune responses	1527:1542	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	0	106	theme	O-specific	39:48	arg1	OSP					66:68	OSP	66:68	OSP	66:68	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	0	106	theme	O-specific	39:48	arg1	Polysaccharide					50:63	O-specific Polysaccharide	39:63	O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba	39:93	A Cholera Conjugate Vaccine Containing O-specific Polysaccharide (OSP) of V. cholerae O1 Inaba and Recombinant Fragment of Tetanus Toxin Heavy Chain (OSP:rTTHc) Induces Serum, Memory and Lamina Proprial Responses against OSP and Is Protective in Mice.
26154421	8	107	theme	intradermal	1261:1271	arg1	vaccination					1273:1283	intradermal vaccination	1261:1283	intradermal vaccination	1261:1283	Intestinal lamina proprial IgA responses targeting OSP occurred following intradermal vaccination.
26154421	1	108	theme	Vibrio	263:268	arg1	cholerae					270:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae	252:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae	252:277	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	1	108	theme	Vibrio	263:268	arg1	cause					286:290	the cause	282:290	the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea	282:327	BACKGROUND Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a severe watery diarrhea.
26154421	9	109	theme	vaccine	1476:1482	arg1	dose					1468:1471	the highest dose	1456:1471	the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg)	1456:1490	In general, we found comparable immune responses in mice immunized with these variations, although memory B cell and vibriocidal responses were blunted in mice receiving the highest dose of vaccine (50 μg).
26154421	10	110	theme	conjugate	1553:1561	arg1	vaccine					1563:1569	the conjugate vaccine	1549:1569	the conjugate vaccine	1549:1569	We found no appreciable change in immune responses when the conjugate vaccine was administered in the presence or absence of immunoadjuvant alum.
26154421	6	111	theme	Immunized	952:960	arg1	mice					962:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice	933:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice	933:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	6	112	theme	PRINCIPLE	933:941	arg1	FINDINGS					943:950	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS	933:950	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice	933:965	PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Immunized mice developed prominent anti-OSP and anti-TT serum IgG responses, as well as vibriocidal antibody and memory B cell responses following intramuscular or intradermal vaccination.
26154421	4	113	theme	acid	573:576	arg1	chemistry					578:586	squaric acid chemistry	565:586	squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc)	565:705	METHODOLOGY Here we describe a conjugate vaccine for cholera prepared via squaric acid chemistry from the OSP of V. cholerae O1 Inaba strain PIC018 and a recombinant heavy chain fragment of tetanus toxin (OSP:rTTHc).
26154421	11	114	theme	challenge	1731:1739	arg1	model					1741:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	a mouse survival cholera challenge model	1706:1745	Administration of OSP:rTTHc resulted in 55% protective efficacy in a mouse survival cholera challenge model.
25196293	1	0	theme	fast	199:202	arg1	properties					248:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	2	1	theme	maximal	348:354	arg1	IC50					382:385	IC50	382:385	IC50	382:385	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	2	1	theme	maximal	348:354	arg1	concentration					367:379	The half maximal inhibitory concentration	339:379	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles	339:407	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	0	2	theme	composite	49:57	arg1	nanomedicine					59:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine	0:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy	0:103	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy.
25196293	1	3	theme	targeted	314:321	arg1	therapy					330:336	targeted cancer therapy	314:336	targeted cancer therapy	314:336	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	1	4	theme	-loaded	142:148	arg1	nanoparticles					172:184	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles	106:184	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	106:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	1	5	theme	NIR-sensitivity	204:218	arg1	properties					248:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	0	6	theme	NIR-responsive	3:16	arg1	nanomedicine					59:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine	0:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy	0:103	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy.
25196293	1	7	theme	tunable	224:230	arg1	properties					248:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	2	8	theme	non-targeted	450:461	arg1	counterparts					481:492	non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts	450:492	non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts	450:492	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	0	9	theme	polypeptide	37:47	arg1	nanomedicine					59:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine	0:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy	0:103	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy.
25196293	2	10	theme	inhibitory	356:365	arg1	IC50					382:385	IC50	382:385	IC50	382:385	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	2	10	theme	inhibitory	356:365	arg1	concentration					367:379	The half maximal inhibitory concentration	339:379	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles	339:407	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	1	11	theme	polypeptide	150:160	arg1	nanoparticles					172:184	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles	106:184	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	106:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	0	12	theme	cancer	90:95	arg1	therapy					97:103	intracellular cancer therapy	76:103	intracellular cancer therapy	76:103	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy.
25196293	2	13	theme	non-irradiated	466:479	arg1	counterparts					481:492	non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts	450:492	non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts	450:492	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	1	14	theme	composite	162:170	arg1	nanoparticles					172:184	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles	106:184	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	106:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	1	15	theme	cancer	323:328	arg1	therapy					330:336	targeted cancer therapy	314:336	targeted cancer therapy	314:336	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	0	16	theme	sugar-targeted	22:35	arg1	nanomedicine					59:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine	0:70	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy	0:103	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy.
25196293	0	17	theme	intracellular	76:88	arg1	therapy					97:103	intracellular cancer therapy	76:103	intracellular cancer therapy	76:103	An NIR-responsive and sugar-targeted polypeptide composite nanomedicine for intracellular cancer therapy.
25196293	2	18	theme	nanoparticles	395:407	arg1	IC50					382:385	IC50	382:385	IC50	382:385	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	2	18	theme	nanoparticles	395:407	arg1	concentration					367:379	The half maximal inhibitory concentration	339:379	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles	339:407	The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the nanoparticles dropped 4.7-fold or 3.1-fold compared to non-targeted or non-irradiated counterparts.
25196293	1	19	theme	sugar-targeting	232:246	arg1	properties					248:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties	199:257	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
25196293	1	20	theme	new	285:287	arg1	avenue					289:294	a new avenue	283:294	a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy	283:336	The upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-loaded polypeptide composite nanoparticles that present fast NIR-sensitivity and tunable sugar-targeting properties are fabricated, opening a new avenue for on-demand and targeted cancer therapy.
27591910	14	0	theme	Sorin	1463:1467	arg1	reinfusates					1485:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	3	1	dep	uncertainty	312:322	arg1	"					383:383	"	383:383	"	383:383	Furthermore, there is uncertainty about the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates."
27591910	17	2	theme	quality	1913:1919	arg1	control					1921:1927	Periodic quality control	1904:1927	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition	1904:1953	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition is recommended.
27591910	11	3	from	%	1122:1122	arg1	present					1109:1115	present	1109:1115	present	1109:1115	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	13	4	theme	heparin	1407:1413	arg1	concentrations					1415:1428	heparin concentrations	1407:1428	heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL	1407:1448	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	16	5	used	used	1898:1901	arg2	modification					1874:1885	such a modification	1867:1885	such a modification	1867:1885	Studies explicitly should confirm that such a modification was indeed used.
27591910	1	6	theme	low	131:133	arg1	concentrations					169:182	low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	131:182	low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	131:182	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	4	7	theme	independent	422:432	arg1	investigation					434:446	the authors' independent investigation	409:446	the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution	409:520	These concerns prompted the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution.
27591910	11	8	located	present	1109:1115	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	8	located	present	1109:1115	arg2	concentrations					1073:1086	Heparin concentrations	1065:1086	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL	1065:1102	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	8	located	present	1109:1115	arg1	%					1122:1122	56%	1120:1122	56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1120:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	8	located	present	1109:1115	arg1	interval					1140:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	10	9	dep	MEASUREMENTS	923:934	arg1	concentrations					992:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	8	10	theme	patients	785:792	arg1	total					766:770	A total	764:770	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery	751:820	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	17	11	theme	composition	1943:1953	arg1	control					1921:1927	Periodic quality control	1904:1927	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition	1904:1953	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition is recommended.
27591910	13	12	dep	%	1394:1394	arg1	to					1389:1390	to	1389:1390	to	1389:1390	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	8	13	theme	on-pump	798:804	arg1	surgery					814:820	on-pump cardiac surgery	798:820	on-pump cardiac surgery	798:820	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	14	14	theme	cases	1707:1711	arg1	%					1702:1702	56%	1700:1702	56% of cases	1700:1711	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	14	theme	cases	1707:1711	arg1	cases					1707:1711	cases	1707:1711	cases	1707:1711	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	6	15	theme	prospective	639:649	arg1	studies					704:710	Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies	635:710	Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies	635:710	DESIGN Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies.
27591910	1	16	contain	contain	123:129	arg2	concentrations					169:182	low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	131:182	low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	131:182	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	1	16	contain	contain	123:129	arg1	OBJECTIVES					75:84	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate	75:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate	75:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	11	17	dep	interval	1140:1147	arg1	%					1159:1159	35% to 68%	1150:1159	35% to 68%	1150:1159	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	5	18	theme	insignificant	590:602	arg1	concentrations					612:625	clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	579:625	clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	579:625	It was hypothesized that cell saver reinfusates contain clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	13	19	theme	confidence	1364:1373	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	19	theme	confidence	1364:1373	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	8	20	theme	Xtra	875:878	arg1	studies					880:886	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies	839:886	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies	839:886	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	15	21	theme	concentrations	1759:1772	arg1	Measurement					1714:1724	Measurement	1714:1724	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1714:1772	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	5	22	theme	saver	553:557	arg1	reinfusates					559:569	cell saver reinfusates	548:569	cell saver reinfusates	548:569	It was hypothesized that cell saver reinfusates contain clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	4	23	theme	heparin	462:468	arg1	concentrations					470:483	reinfusate heparin concentrations	451:483	reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution	451:520	These concerns prompted the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution.
27591910	14	24	theme	recommended	1576:1586	arg1	threshold					1588:1596	Blood Banks recommended threshold	1564:1596	Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1564:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	4	25	dep	These	385:389	arg1	concerns					391:398	concerns	391:398	concerns	391:398	These concerns prompted the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution.
27591910	13	26	theme	%	1357:1357	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	26	theme	%	1357:1357	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	12	27	theme	Dideco	1226:1231	arg1	reinfusates					1241:1251	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1215:1251	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1215:1251	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates were lower than recommended in 29 of 32 reinfusates.
27591910	11	28	dep	%	1159:1159	arg1	to					1154:1155	to	1154:1155	to	1154:1155	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	10	29	theme	surgery	965:971	arg1	concentrations					992:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	3	30	theme	cell	345:348	arg1	rates					377:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	Furthermore, there is uncertainty about the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates."
27591910	14	31	theme	Blood	1564:1568	arg1	threshold					1588:1596	Blood Banks recommended threshold	1564:1596	Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1564:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	15	32	theme	cell	1729:1732	arg1	concentrations					1759:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	14	33	theme	reinfusate	1634:1643	arg1	concentrations					1653:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	8	34	dep	PARTICIPANTS	751:762	arg1	total					766:770	A total	764:770	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery	751:820	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	13	35	theme	Electa	1334:1339	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	35	theme	Electa	1334:1339	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	14	36	theme	Sorin	1623:1627	arg1	concentrations					1653:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	3	37	theme	elimination	365:375	arg1	rates					377:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	Furthermore, there is uncertainty about the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates."
27591910	14	38	contain	contained	1497:1505	arg2	concentrations					1515:1528	heparin concentrations	1507:1528	heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1507:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	38	contain	contained	1497:1505	arg1	reinfusates					1485:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	1	39	dep	low	131:133	arg1	insignificant					147:159	insignificant	147:159	insignificant	147:159	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	15	40	theme	assay	1821:1825	arg1	use					1791:1793	the use	1787:1793	the use of a modified chromogenic assay	1787:1825	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	17	41	theme	Periodic	1904:1911	arg1	control					1921:1927	Periodic quality control	1904:1927	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition	1904:1953	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition is recommended.
27591910	1	42	theme	saver	91:95	arg1	reinfusate					97:106	Cell saver reinfusate	86:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate	75:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	15	43	theme	modified	1800:1807	arg1	assay					1821:1825	a modified chromogenic assay	1798:1825	a modified chromogenic assay	1798:1825	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	0	44	theme	Reinfusate	0:9	arg1	Concentrations					19:32	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations	0:32	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations	0:32	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations Produced by Two Autotransfusion Systems.
27591910	10	45	theme	modified	1029:1036	arg1	assay					1058:1062	a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay	1027:1062	a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay	1027:1062	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	12	46	theme	Heparin	1189:1195	arg1	concentrations					1197:1210	Heparin concentrations	1189:1210	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1189:1251	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates were lower than recommended in 29 of 32 reinfusates.
27591910	12	47	theme	reinfusates	1293:1303	arg1	29					1284:1285	29	1284:1285	29	1284:1285	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates were lower than recommended in 29 of 32 reinfusates.
27591910	12	47	theme	reinfusates	1293:1303	arg1	reinfusates					1293:1303	32 reinfusates	1290:1303	32 reinfusates	1290:1303	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates were lower than recommended in 29 of 32 reinfusates.
27591910	15	48	theme	reinfusate	1740:1749	arg1	concentrations					1759:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	11	49	theme	Xtra	1171:1174	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	2	50	theme	American	189:196	arg1	Association					198:208	The American Association	185:208	The American Association of Blood Banks	185:223	The American Association of Blood Banks has defined the clinically insignificant threshold as 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	0	51	theme	Autotransfusion	50:64	arg1	Systems					66:72	Two Autotransfusion Systems	46:72	Two Autotransfusion Systems	46:72	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations Produced by Two Autotransfusion Systems.
27591910	10	52	theme	chromogenic	1046:1056	arg1	assay					1058:1062	a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay	1027:1062	a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay	1027:1062	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	11	53	theme	%	1127:1127	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	53	theme	%	1127:1127	arg1	interval					1140:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	53	theme	%	1127:1127	arg1	%					1122:1122	56%	1120:1122	56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1120:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	2	54	theme	Banks	219:223	arg1	Association					198:208	The American Association	185:208	The American Association of Blood Banks	185:223	The American Association of Blood Banks has defined the clinically insignificant threshold as 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	14	55	from	threshold	1588:1596	arg1	cases					1610:1614	cases	1610:1614	cases	1610:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	55	from	threshold	1588:1596	arg1	%					1605:1605	90.6%	1601:1605	90.6% of cases	1601:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	56	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1451:1461	arg1	reinfusates					1485:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	11	57	from	present	1109:1115	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	57	from	present	1109:1115	arg1	%					1122:1122	56%	1120:1122	56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1120:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	57	from	present	1109:1115	arg1	interval					1140:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	5	58	theme	cell	548:551	arg1	reinfusates					559:569	cell saver reinfusates	548:569	cell saver reinfusates	548:569	It was hypothesized that cell saver reinfusates contain clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	11	59	theme	confidence	1129:1138	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	59	theme	confidence	1129:1138	arg1	interval					1140:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	59	theme	confidence	1129:1138	arg1	%					1122:1122	56%	1120:1122	56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1120:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	17	60	theme	reinfusate	1932:1941	arg1	composition					1943:1953	reinfusate composition	1932:1953	reinfusate composition	1932:1953	Periodic quality control of reinfusate composition is recommended.
27591910	13	61	theme	%	1387:1387	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	61	theme	%	1387:1387	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	4	62	theme	devices	488:494	arg1	concentrations					470:483	reinfusate heparin concentrations	451:483	reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution	451:520	These concerns prompted the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution.
27591910	1	63	theme	heparin	161:167	arg1	concentrations					169:182	low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	131:182	low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	131:182	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	11	64	theme	%	1152:1152	arg1	%					1159:1159	35% to 68%	1150:1159	35% to 68%	1150:1159	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	9	65	dep	None	917:920	arg1	INTERVENTIONS					903:915	INTERVENTIONS	903:915	INTERVENTIONS	903:915	INTERVENTIONS None.
27591910	6	66	dep	prospective	639:649	arg1	single-center					690:702	single-center	690:702	single-center	690:702	DESIGN Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies.
27591910	6	66	dep	prospective	639:649	arg1	observational					675:687	observational	675:687	observational	675:687	DESIGN Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies.
27591910	6	66	dep	prospective	639:649	arg1	sequential					663:672	sequential	663:672	sequential	663:672	DESIGN Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies.
27591910	6	66	dep	prospective	639:649	arg1	pragmatic					652:660	pragmatic	652:660	pragmatic	652:660	DESIGN Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies.
27591910	8	67	theme	cardiac	806:812	arg1	surgery					814:820	on-pump cardiac surgery	798:820	on-pump cardiac surgery	798:820	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	2	68	theme	insignificant	252:264	arg1	threshold					266:274	the clinically insignificant threshold	237:274	the clinically insignificant threshold	237:274	The American Association of Blood Banks has defined the clinically insignificant threshold as 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	5	69	theme	heparin	604:610	arg1	concentrations					612:625	clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	579:625	clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	579:625	It was hypothesized that cell saver reinfusates contain clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	10	70	theme	MAIN	940:943	arg1	RESULTS					945:951	MAIN RESULTS	940:951	MAIN RESULTS	940:951	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	4	71	theme	reinfusate	451:460	arg1	concentrations					470:483	reinfusate heparin concentrations	451:483	reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution	451:520	These concerns prompted the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution.
27591910	6	72	dep	studies	704:710	arg1	DESIGN					628:633	DESIGN	628:633	DESIGN	628:633	DESIGN Two prospective, pragmatic, sequential, observational, single-center studies.
27591910	15	73	theme	heparin	1751:1757	arg1	concentrations					1759:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	13	74	theme	interval	1375:1382	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	74	theme	interval	1375:1382	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	12	75	dep	Dideco	1226:1231	arg1	Electa					1234:1239	Electa	1234:1239	Electa	1234:1239	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates were lower than recommended in 29 of 32 reinfusates.
27591910	4	76	theme	concentrations	470:483	arg1	investigation					434:446	the authors' independent investigation	409:446	the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution	409:520	These concerns prompted the authors' independent investigation of reinfusate heparin concentrations of devices used in their institution.
27591910	14	77	theme	threshold	1588:1596	arg1	Association					1549:1559	the American Association	1536:1559	the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1536:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	1	78	dep	OBJECTIVES	75:84	arg1	reinfusate					97:106	Cell saver reinfusate	86:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate	75:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	15	79	theme	saver	1734:1738	arg1	concentrations					1759:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations	1729:1772	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	10	80	theme	reinfusate	973:982	arg1	concentrations					992:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	3	81	theme	heparin	357:363	arg1	rates					377:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	Furthermore, there is uncertainty about the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates."
27591910	14	82	theme	Banks	1570:1574	arg1	threshold					1588:1596	Blood Banks recommended threshold	1564:1596	Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1564:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	5	83	contain	contain	571:577	arg2	concentrations					612:625	clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	579:625	clinically insignificant heparin concentrations	579:625	It was hypothesized that cell saver reinfusates contain clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	5	83	contain	contain	571:577	arg1	reinfusates					559:569	cell saver reinfusates	548:569	cell saver reinfusates	548:569	It was hypothesized that cell saver reinfusates contain clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	14	84	theme	heparin	1645:1651	arg1	concentrations					1653:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	10	85	theme	Postcardiac	953:963	arg1	concentrations					992:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	3	86	theme	saver	350:354	arg1	rates					377:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	cell saver "heparin elimination rates	345:381	Furthermore, there is uncertainty about the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates."
27591910	8	87	theme	Dideco	850:855	arg1	studies					880:886	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies	839:886	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies	839:886	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	14	88	theme	Xtra	1629:1632	arg1	concentrations					1653:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations	1623:1666	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	89	theme	American	1540:1547	arg1	Association					1549:1559	the American Association	1536:1559	the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1536:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	15	90	theme	chromogenic	1809:1819	arg1	assay					1821:1825	a modified chromogenic assay	1798:1825	a modified chromogenic assay	1798:1825	Measurement of cell saver reinfusate heparin concentrations necessitates the use of a modified chromogenic assay.
27591910	8	91	theme	Electa	858:863	arg1	studies					880:886	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies	839:886	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies	839:886	PARTICIPANTS A total of 32 and 31 patients for on-pump cardiac surgery were enrolled in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa and Sorin Xtra studies, respectively.
27591910	1	92	theme	Cell	86:89	arg1	reinfusate					97:106	Cell saver reinfusate	86:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate	75:106	OBJECTIVES Cell saver reinfusate ideally should contain low, clinically insignificant heparin concentrations.
27591910	3	93	theme	rates	377:381	arg1	meaning					334:340	the meaning	330:340	the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates	330:381	Furthermore, there is uncertainty about the meaning of cell saver "heparin elimination rates."
27591910	14	94	from	Association	1549:1559	arg1	cases					1610:1614	cases	1610:1614	cases	1610:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	94	from	Association	1549:1559	arg1	%					1605:1605	90.6%	1601:1605	90.6% of cases	1601:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	0	95	theme	Heparin	11:17	arg1	Concentrations					19:32	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations	0:32	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations	0:32	Reinfusate Heparin Concentrations Produced by Two Autotransfusion Systems.
27591910	14	96	theme	cases	1610:1614	arg1	cases					1610:1614	cases	1610:1614	cases	1610:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	96	theme	cases	1610:1614	arg1	%					1605:1605	90.6%	1601:1605	90.6% of cases	1601:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	11	97	attach	present	1109:1115	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	97	attach	present	1109:1115	arg2	concentrations					1073:1086	Heparin concentrations	1065:1086	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL	1065:1102	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	97	attach	present	1109:1115	arg1	%					1122:1122	56%	1120:1122	56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1120:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	97	attach	present	1109:1115	arg1	interval					1140:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	10	98	theme	anti-Xa	1038:1044	arg1	assay					1058:1062	a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay	1027:1062	a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay	1027:1062	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	14	99	theme	heparin	1507:1513	arg1	concentrations					1515:1528	heparin concentrations	1507:1528	heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1507:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	11	100	theme	Heparin	1065:1071	arg1	concentrations					1073:1086	Heparin concentrations	1065:1086	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL	1065:1102	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	2	101	theme	Blood	213:217	arg1	Banks					219:223	Blood Banks	213:223	Blood Banks	213:223	The American Association of Blood Banks has defined the clinically insignificant threshold as 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	102	theme	Sorin	1319:1323	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	102	theme	Sorin	1319:1323	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	14	103	from	%	1605:1605	arg1	Association					1549:1559	the American Association	1536:1559	the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases	1536:1614	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	14	104	theme	Electa	1478:1483	arg1	reinfusates					1485:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	10	105	theme	heparin	984:990	arg1	concentrations					992:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations	953:1005	MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Postcardiac surgery reinfusate heparin concentrations were measured using a modified anti-Xa chromogenic assay.
27591910	12	106	from	concentrations	1197:1210	arg1	reinfusates					1241:1251	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1215:1251	the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1215:1251	Heparin concentrations in the Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates were lower than recommended in 29 of 32 reinfusates.
27591910	11	107	theme	reinfusates	1176:1186	arg1	reinfusates					1176:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1165:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	107	theme	reinfusates	1176:1186	arg1	%					1122:1122	56%	1120:1122	56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates	1120:1186	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	11	107	theme	reinfusates	1176:1186	arg1	interval					1140:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	95% confidence interval	1125:1147	Heparin concentrations above 0.5 IU/mL were present in 56% (95% confidence interval, 35% to 68%) of Sorin Xtra reinfusates.
27591910	14	108	theme	Dideco	1470:1475	arg1	reinfusates					1485:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1451:1495	CONCLUSIONS Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates contained heparin concentrations below the American Association of Blood Banks recommended threshold in 90.6% of cases, while Sorin Xtra reinfusate heparin concentrations exceeded this recommendation in 56% of cases.
27591910	13	109	theme	%	1362:1362	arg1	%					1394:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%	1354:1394	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27591910	13	109	theme	%	1362:1362	arg1	reinfusates					1341:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates	1306:1351	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%)	1306:1395	Only 3 of 32 Sorin (Dideco) Electa reinfusates (9.4%; 95% confidence interval 3.2% to 24%) exhibited heparin concentrations exceeding 0.5 IU/mL.
27279456	7	0	theme	molecular	1628:1636	arg1	modeling					1638:1645	molecular modeling	1628:1645	molecular modeling	1628:1645	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	2	1	theme	modifier	670:677	arg1	effects					603:609	the effects	599:609	the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation	599:698	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	1	2	with	chromatography	261:274	arg1	method					299:304	mass spectrometry method	281:304	mass spectrometry method	281:304	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	4	3	theme	fragmentor	1099:1108	arg1	voltage					1110:1116	100 V fragmentor voltage	1093:1116	100 V fragmentor voltage	1093:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	3	4	theme	resolution	766:775	arg1	±					784:784	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	4	theme	resolution	766:775	arg1	separation					754:763	offering baseline separation	736:763	offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02)	736:790	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	5	5	theme	elution	1255:1261	arg1	order					1263:1267	elution order	1255:1267	elution order	1255:1267	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	7	6	theme	magnetic	1592:1599	arg1	resonance					1601:1609	nuclear magnetic resonance	1584:1609	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	1584:1622	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	7	7	theme	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin	1514:1540	arg1	complex					1552:1558	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex	1514:1558	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex	1514:1558	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	3	8	theme	β-cyclodextrin	812:825	arg1	phase					838:842	β-cyclodextrin stationary phase	812:842	β-cyclodextrin stationary phase	812:842	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	1	9	theme	sensitive	230:238	arg1	chromatography					261:274	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography	228:274	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method	228:304	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	4	10	theme	optimized	981:989	arg1	parameter					991:999	the optimized parameter	977:999	the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage	977:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	3	11	theme	thermostatted	845:857	arg1	15°C					862:865	thermostatted at 15°C	845:865	thermostatted at 15°C	845:865	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	0	12	theme	chiral	154:159	arg1	mechanisms					173:182	the chiral recognition mechanisms	150:182	the chiral recognition mechanisms	150:182	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	1	13	theme	β-cyclodextrin-bonded	442:462	arg1	phases					475:480	β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases	442:480	β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases	442:480	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	1	14	theme	validated	244:252	arg1	chromatography					261:274	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography	228:274	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method	228:304	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	2	15	theme	temperature	645:655	arg1	effects					603:609	the effects	599:609	the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation	599:698	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	0	16	theme	mechanisms	173:182	arg1	phases					120:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	0	16	theme	mechanisms	173:182	arg1	elucidation					135:145	the elucidation	131:145	the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling	131:225	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	2	17	theme	rate	639:642	arg1	effects					603:609	the effects	599:609	the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation	599:698	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	0	18	theme	NMR	187:189	arg1	spectroscopy					191:202	NMR spectroscopy	187:202	NMR spectroscopy	187:202	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	3	19	theme	%	911:911	arg1	acid					920:923	methanol/0.1% acetic acid	899:923	methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v	899:933	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	4	20	theme	mode	1033:1036	arg1	transition					1050:1059	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition	1004:1059	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage	1004:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	5	21	theme	pomalidomide	1351:1362	arg1	enantiomers					1364:1374	the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1337:1374	the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1337:1374	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	1	22	theme	pomalidomide	372:383	arg1	mixture					361:367	the racemic mixture	349:367	the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	349:433	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	5	23	theme	circular	1307:1314	arg1	signals					1326:1332	the circular dichroism signals	1303:1332	the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1303:1374	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	0	24	theme	chiral	102:107	arg1	phases					120:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	3	25	theme	v/v	931:933	arg1	acid					920:923	methanol/0.1% acetic acid	899:923	methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v	899:933	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	5	26	theme	signals	1326:1332	arg1	comparison					1289:1298	comparison	1289:1298	comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide	1289:1411	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	3	27	theme	flow	962:965	arg1	rate					967:970	0.8 mL/min flow rate	951:970	0.8 mL/min flow rate	951:970	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	4	28	theme	reaction	1013:1020	arg1	mode					1033:1036	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0	1004:1048	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage	1004:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	1	29	theme	immunomodulatory	413:428	arg1	pomalidomide					372:383	pomalidomide	372:383	pomalidomide	372:383	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	1	29	theme	immunomodulatory	413:428	arg1	drug					430:433	a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	386:433	a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	386:433	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	2	30	dep	columns	501:507	arg1	β-					510:511	β-	510:511	β-	510:511	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	2	30	dep	columns	501:507	arg1	carboxymethyl-β-					532:547	carboxymethyl-β-	532:547	carboxymethyl-β-	532:547	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	2	30	dep	columns	501:507	arg1	sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin					554:578	sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin	554:578	sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin	554:578	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	2	30	dep	columns	501:507	arg1	hydroxypropyl-β-					514:529	hydroxypropyl-β-	514:529	hydroxypropyl-β-	514:529	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	3	31	theme	0.8	951:953	arg1	mL/min					955:960	mL/min	955:960	mL/min	955:960	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	8	32	theme	chiral	1677:1682	arg1	separation					1684:1693	chiral separation	1677:1693	chiral separation	1677:1693	The thermodynamic aspects of chiral separation were also studied.
27279456	0	33	theme	Liquid	0:5	arg1	chromatography					7:20	Liquid chromatography	0:20	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.	0:226	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	4	34	theme	V	1097:1097	arg1	voltage					1110:1116	100 V fragmentor voltage	1093:1116	100 V fragmentor voltage	1093:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	1	35	dep	novel	388:392	arg1	second-generation					395:411	second-generation	395:411	second-generation	395:411	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	2	36	theme	cyclodextrin	488:499	arg1	columns					501:507	Four cyclodextrin columns	483:507	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin)	483:579	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	4	37	theme	20	1066:1067	arg1	eV					1069:1070	eV	1069:1070	eV	1069:1070	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	0	38	theme	spectrometry	32:43	arg1	enantioseparation					45:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation	27:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide	27:77	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	4	39	with	transition	1050:1059	arg1	voltage					1110:1116	100 V fragmentor voltage	1093:1116	100 V fragmentor voltage	1093:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	39	with	transition	1050:1059	arg1	energy					1082:1087	20 eV collision energy	1066:1087	20 eV collision energy	1066:1087	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	40	theme	collision	1072:1080	arg1	energy					1082:1087	20 eV collision energy	1066:1087	20 eV collision energy	1066:1087	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	3	41	from	15°C	862:865	arg1	at					859:860	thermostatted at 15°C	845:865	thermostatted at 15°C	845:865	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	42	theme	Optimized	714:722	arg1	parameters					724:733	Optimized parameters	714:733	Optimized parameters	714:733	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	42	theme	Optimized	714:722	arg1	following					801:809	the following	797:809	the following	797:809	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	42	theme	Optimized	714:722	arg1	separation					754:763	offering baseline separation	736:763	offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02)	736:790	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	1	43	theme	mixture	361:367	arg1	enantioseparation					328:344	the enantioseparation	324:344	the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	324:433	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	4	44	theme	detection	1131:1139	arg1	limit					1122:1126	the limit	1118:1126	the limit of detection and limit of quantitation	1118:1165	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	44	theme	detection	1131:1139	arg1	ng/mL					1186:1190	0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL	1172:1190	0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL	1172:1190	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	45	from	transition	1050:1059	arg1	parameter					991:999	the optimized parameter	977:999	the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage	977:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	46	theme	limit	1145:1149	arg1	limit					1122:1126	the limit	1118:1126	the limit of detection and limit of quantitation	1118:1165	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	46	theme	limit	1145:1149	arg1	ng/mL					1186:1190	0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL	1172:1190	0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL	1172:1190	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	3	47	theme	baseline	745:752	arg1	parameters					724:733	Optimized parameters	714:733	Optimized parameters	714:733	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	47	theme	baseline	745:752	arg1	±					784:784	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	47	theme	baseline	745:752	arg1	separation					754:763	offering baseline separation	736:763	offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02)	736:790	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	0	48	theme	molecular	208:216	arg1	modeling					218:225	molecular modeling	208:225	molecular modeling	208:225	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	1	49	theme	spectrometry	286:297	arg1	method					299:304	mass spectrometry method	281:304	mass spectrometry method	281:304	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	7	50	theme	resonance	1601:1609	arg1	spectroscopy					1611:1622	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	1584:1622	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	1584:1622	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	2	51	theme	organic	662:668	arg1	modifier					670:677	organic modifier	662:677	organic modifier	662:677	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	3	52	theme	=	777:777	arg1	±					784:784	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	52	theme	=	777:777	arg1	separation					754:763	offering baseline separation	736:763	offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02)	736:790	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	7	53	theme	nuclear	1584:1590	arg1	resonance					1601:1609	nuclear magnetic resonance	1584:1609	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy	1584:1622	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	7	54	theme	inclusion	1542:1550	arg1	complex					1552:1558	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex	1514:1558	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex	1514:1558	Pomalidomide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	8	55	theme	thermodynamic	1652:1664	arg1	aspects					1666:1672	The thermodynamic aspects	1648:1672	The thermodynamic aspects of chiral separation	1648:1693	The thermodynamic aspects of chiral separation were also studied.
27279456	4	56	theme	quantitation	1154:1165	arg1	detection					1131:1139	detection and limit	1131:1149	detection	1131:1139	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	4	56	theme	quantitation	1154:1165	arg1	limit					1145:1149	detection and limit	1131:1149	limit	1145:1149	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	3	57	theme	stationary	827:836	arg1	phase					838:842	β-cyclodextrin stationary phase	812:842	β-cyclodextrin stationary phase	812:842	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	2	58	theme	composition	621:631	arg1	effects					603:609	the effects	599:609	the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation	599:698	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	0	59	theme	recognition	161:171	arg1	mechanisms					173:182	the chiral recognition mechanisms	150:182	the chiral recognition mechanisms	150:182	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	3	60	theme	at	859:860	arg1	15°C					862:865	thermostatted at 15°C	845:865	thermostatted at 15°C	845:865	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	1	61	theme	stationary	464:473	arg1	phases					475:480	β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases	442:480	β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases	442:480	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	3	62	theme	10:90	925:929	arg1	v/v					931:933	v/v	931:933	v/v	931:933	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	2	63	theme	flow	634:637	arg1	rate					639:642	flow rate	634:642	flow rate	634:642	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	2	64	from	effects	603:609	arg1	enantioseparation					682:698	enantioseparation	682:698	enantioseparation	682:698	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	5	65	theme	separated	1341:1349	arg1	enantiomers					1364:1374	the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1337:1374	the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1337:1374	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	3	66	theme	mobile	872:877	arg1	phase					879:883	mobile phase	872:883	mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v	872:933	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	0	67	theme	cyclodextrin-bonded	82:100	arg1	phases					120:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	3	68	theme	acetic	913:918	arg1	acid					920:923	methanol/0.1% acetic acid	899:923	methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v	899:933	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	4	69	theme	monitoring	1022:1031	arg1	mode					1033:1036	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0	1004:1048	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage	1004:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	1	70	theme	liquid	254:259	arg1	chromatography					261:274	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography	228:274	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method	228:304	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	0	71	theme	stationary	109:118	arg1	phases					120:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	0	72	from	chromatography	7:20	arg1	phases					120:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases	82:125	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	0	72	from	chromatography	7:20	arg1	elucidation					135:145	the elucidation	131:145	the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling	131:225	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	5	73	theme	dichroism	1316:1324	arg1	signals					1326:1332	the circular dichroism signals	1303:1332	the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1303:1374	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	3	74	theme	methanol/0.1	899:910	arg1	%					911:911	%	911:911	%	911:911	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	6	75	theme	chiral	1444:1449	arg1	discrimination					1451:1464	the chiral discrimination	1440:1464	the chiral discrimination between the enantiomers	1440:1488	The mechanisms underlying the chiral discrimination between the enantiomers were also investigated.
27279456	1	76	theme	novel	388:392	arg1	pomalidomide					372:383	pomalidomide	372:383	pomalidomide	372:383	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	1	76	theme	novel	388:392	arg1	drug					430:433	a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	386:433	a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	386:433	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	5	77	theme	enantiopure	1389:1399	arg1	thalidomide					1401:1411	enantiopure thalidomide	1389:1411	enantiopure thalidomide	1389:1411	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	4	78	theme	multiple	1004:1011	arg1	mode					1033:1036	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0	1004:1048	multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage	1004:1116	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	8	79	theme	separation	1684:1693	arg1	aspects					1666:1672	The thermodynamic aspects	1648:1672	The thermodynamic aspects of chiral separation	1648:1693	The thermodynamic aspects of chiral separation were also studied.
27279456	3	80	theme	mL/min	955:960	arg1	rate					967:970	0.8 mL/min flow rate	951:970	0.8 mL/min flow rate	951:970	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	2	81	theme	eluent	614:619	arg1	composition					621:631	eluent composition	614:631	eluent composition	614:631	Four cyclodextrin columns (β-, hydroxypropyl-β-, carboxymethyl-β-, and sulfobutyl-β-cyclodextrin) were screened and the effects of eluent composition, flow rate, temperature, and organic modifier on enantioseparation were studied.
27279456	5	82	theme	enantiomers	1364:1374	arg1	signals					1326:1332	the circular dichroism signals	1303:1332	the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers	1303:1374	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	0	83	theme	mass	27:30	arg1	enantioseparation					45:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation	27:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide	27:77	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	4	84	theme	100	1093:1095	arg1	V					1097:1097	V	1097:1097	V	1097:1097	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	0	85	theme	pomalidomide	66:77	arg1	enantioseparation					45:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation	27:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide	27:77	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	1	86	theme	racemic	353:359	arg1	mixture					361:367	the racemic mixture	349:367	the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug	349:433	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27279456	4	87	theme	eV	1069:1070	arg1	energy					1082:1087	20 eV collision energy	1066:1087	20 eV collision energy	1066:1087	For the optimized parameter at multiple reaction monitoring mode 274.1-201.0 transition with 20 eV collision energy and 100 V fragmentor voltage the limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.75 and 2.00 ng/mL, respectively.
27279456	0	88	with	chromatography	7:20	arg1	enantioseparation					45:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation	27:61	mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide	27:77	Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry enantioseparation of pomalidomide on cyclodextrin-bonded chiral stationary phases and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanisms by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling.
27279456	5	89	theme	enantiopure	1213:1223	arg1	standards					1225:1233	enantiopure standards	1213:1233	enantiopure standards	1213:1233	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	3	90	theme	offering	736:743	arg1	parameters					724:733	Optimized parameters	714:733	Optimized parameters	714:733	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	90	theme	offering	736:743	arg1	±					784:784	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02	766:789	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	3	90	theme	offering	736:743	arg1	separation					754:763	offering baseline separation	736:763	offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02)	736:790	Optimized parameters, offering baseline separation (resolution = 2.70 ± 0.02) were the following: β-cyclodextrin stationary phase, thermostatted at 15°C, and mobile phase consisting of methanol/0.1% acetic acid 10:90 v/v, delivered with 0.8 mL/min flow rate.
27279456	5	91	with	comparison	1289:1298	arg1	that					1381:1384	that	1381:1384	that	1381:1384	Since enantiopure standards were not available, elution order was determined upon comparison of the circular dichroism signals of the separated pomalidomide enantiomers with that of enantiopure thalidomide.
27279456	1	92	theme	mass	281:284	arg1	spectrometry					286:297	mass spectrometry	281:297	mass spectrometry method	281:304	A sensitive and validated liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method was developed for the enantioseparation of the racemic mixture of pomalidomide, a novel, second-generation immunomodulatory drug, using β-cyclodextrin-bonded stationary phases.
27789331	4	0	from	40°C	766:769	arg1	151.51					675:680	151.51	675:680	151.51	675:680	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	0	from	40°C	766:769	arg1	capacities					649:658	The maximum adsorption capacities	626:658	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C	626:668	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	2	1	theme	acid	484:487	arg1	adsorption					446:455	batch adsorption	440:455	batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	440:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	0	2	dep	blue	120:123	arg1	dyes					142:145	29 dyes	139:145	29 dyes	139:145	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	2	3	theme	concentration	371:383	arg1	effects					348:354	The effects	344:354	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	344:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	3	4	theme	isotherm	610:617	arg1	model					619:623	Freundlich isotherm model	599:623	Freundlich isotherm model	599:623	Adsorption of both dyes was better described by Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model.
27789331	4	5	from	50°C	776:779	arg1	151.51					675:680	151.51	675:680	151.51	675:680	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	5	from	50°C	776:779	arg1	capacities					649:658	The maximum adsorption capacities	626:658	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C	626:668	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	6	from	30°C	760:763	arg1	151.51					675:680	151.51	675:680	151.51	675:680	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	6	from	30°C	760:763	arg1	capacities					649:658	The maximum adsorption capacities	626:658	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C	626:668	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	2	7	theme	blue	470:473	arg1	methylene					460:468	methylene blue	460:473	methylene blue (MB)	460:478	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	2	7	theme	blue	470:473	arg1	MB					476:477	MB	476:477	MB	476:477	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	2	8	theme	methylene	460:468	arg1	adsorption					446:455	batch adsorption	440:455	batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	440:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	0	9	link	Cross-linked	0:11	arg1	beads					13:17	Cross-linked beads	0:17	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash	0:43	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	1	10	theme	Cross-linked	148:159	arg1	beads					161:165	Cross-linked beads	148:165	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	148:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	2	11	theme	dye	367:369	arg1	50-400mg/L					386:395	50-400mg/L	386:395	50-400mg/L	386:395	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	2	11	theme	dye	367:369	arg1	concentration					371:383	initial dye concentration	359:383	initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L)	359:396	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	1	12	link	Cross-linked	148:159	arg1	beads					161:165	Cross-linked beads	148:165	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	148:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	2	13	theme	initial	359:365	arg1	50-400mg/L					386:395	50-400mg/L	386:395	50-400mg/L	386:395	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	2	13	theme	initial	359:365	arg1	concentration					371:383	initial dye concentration	359:383	initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L)	359:396	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	0	14	theme	Cross-linked	0:11	arg1	beads					13:17	Cross-linked beads	0:17	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash	0:43	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	1	15	theme	hydrothermal	255:266	arg1	treatment					268:276	the hydrothermal treatment	251:276	the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan	251:341	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	2	16	from	effects	348:354	arg1	adsorption					446:455	batch adsorption	440:455	batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	440:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	4	17	theme	Z-AC/C	663:668	arg1	151.51					675:680	151.51	675:680	151.51	675:680	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	17	theme	Z-AC/C	663:668	arg1	capacities					649:658	The maximum adsorption capacities	626:658	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C	626:668	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	1	18	theme	activated	170:178	arg1	ash					189:191	activated oil palm ash	170:191	activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	170:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	0	19	theme	activated	22:30	arg1	ash					41:43	activated oil palm ash	22:43	activated oil palm ash	22:43	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	0	20	theme	blue	120:123	arg1	removal					99:105	the removal	95:105	the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes	95:145	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	1	21	theme	oil	180:182	arg1	ash					189:191	activated oil palm ash	170:191	activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	170:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	2	22	theme	temperature	399:409	arg1	effects					348:354	The effects	344:354	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	344:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	1	23	theme	palm	184:187	arg1	ash					189:191	activated oil palm ash	170:191	activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	170:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	0	24	theme	palm	36:39	arg1	ash					41:43	activated oil palm ash	22:43	activated oil palm ash	22:43	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	1	25	theme	NaOH	281:284	arg1	ash					305:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash	281:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan	281:341	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	1	26	theme	ash	189:191	arg1	beads					161:165	Cross-linked beads	148:165	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	148:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	0	27	theme	oil	32:34	arg1	ash					41:43	activated oil palm ash	22:43	activated oil palm ash	22:43	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	1	28	theme	activated	286:294	arg1	ash					305:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash	281:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan	281:341	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	2	29	theme	pH	427:428	arg1	effects					348:354	The effects	344:354	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	344:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	1	30	theme	oil	296:298	arg1	ash					305:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash	281:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan	281:341	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	4	31	theme	adsorption	638:647	arg1	151.51					675:680	151.51	675:680	151.51	675:680	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	31	theme	adsorption	638:647	arg1	capacities					649:658	The maximum adsorption capacities	626:658	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C	626:668	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	0	32	theme	ash	41:43	arg1	beads					13:17	Cross-linked beads	0:17	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash	0:43	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	1	33	theme	palm	300:303	arg1	ash					305:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash	281:307	NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan	281:341	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	0	34	theme	blue	134:137	arg1	removal					99:105	the removal	95:105	the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes	95:145	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan composite as a bio-adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes.
27789331	4	35	theme	maximum	630:636	arg1	151.51					675:680	151.51	675:680	151.51	675:680	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	4	35	theme	maximum	630:636	arg1	capacities					649:658	The maximum adsorption capacities	626:658	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C	626:668	The maximum adsorption capacities of Z-AC/C were 151.51, 169.49, and 199.20mg/g for MB and 212.76, 238.09, and 270.27mg/g for AB29 at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, respectively.
27789331	1	36	theme	ash	305:307	arg1	treatment					268:276	the hydrothermal treatment	251:276	the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan	251:341	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
27789331	3	37	theme	Freundlich	599:608	arg1	model					619:623	Freundlich isotherm model	599:623	Freundlich isotherm model	599:623	Adsorption of both dyes was better described by Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model.
27789331	2	38	theme	blue	489:492	arg1	acid					484:487	acid blue 29	484:495	acid blue 29 (AB29)	484:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	2	38	theme	blue	489:492	arg1	AB29					498:501	AB29	498:501	AB29	498:501	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	3	39	theme	Pseudo-second-order	566:584	arg1	kinetics					586:593	Pseudo-second-order kinetics	566:593	Pseudo-second-order kinetics	566:593	Adsorption of both dyes was better described by Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model.
27789331	3	40	theme	dyes	537:540	arg1	Adsorption					518:527	Adsorption	518:527	Adsorption of both dyes	518:540	Adsorption of both dyes was better described by Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model.
27789331	2	41	theme	batch	440:444	arg1	adsorption					446:455	batch adsorption	440:455	batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29)	440:502	The effects of initial dye concentration (50-400mg/L), temperature (30°C-50°C) and pH (3-13) on batch adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and acid blue 29 (AB29) were studied.
27789331	1	42	theme	composite	219:227	arg1	ash					189:191	activated oil palm ash	170:191	activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite	170:227	Cross-linked beads of activated oil palm ash zeolite/chitosan (Z-AC/C) composite were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of NaOH activated oil palm ash followed by beading with chitosan.
24869646	4	0	theme	unloading	1004:1012	arg1	solutions					1014:1022	3) varying unloading solutions	993:1022	3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose)	993:1048	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	1	dep	rates	962:966	arg1	2					933:933	2	933:933	2	933:933	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	2	theme	10-year	637:643	arg1	akane					668:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane	637:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	3	theme	higher	2007:2012	arg1	recovery					2036:2043	higher post-cryopreservation recovery	2007:2043	higher post-cryopreservation recovery	2007:2043	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	3	4	theme	hairy	518:522	arg1	roots					524:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	3	4	theme	hairy	518:522	arg1	material					548:555	a very sensitive material	531:555	a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions	531:598	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	1	5	theme	changing-solutions	182:199	arg1	protocol					144:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	1	5	theme	changing-solutions	182:199	arg1	process					158:164	a process	156:164	a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure	156:324	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	8	6	theme	osmotic	1778:1784	arg1	stress					1786:1791	osmotic stress	1778:1791	osmotic stress	1778:1791	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	7	theme	unloading	1662:1670	arg1	procedure					1672:1680	the unloading procedure	1658:1680	the unloading procedure	1658:1680	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	4	8	dep	effect	803:808	arg1	1					786:786	1	786:786	1	786:786	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	9	theme	%	1039:1039	arg1	sucrose					1041:1047	45% sucrose	1037:1047	45% sucrose	1037:1047	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	3	10	theme	vitrification	576:588	arg1	solutions					590:598	vitrification solutions	576:598	vitrification solutions	576:598	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	7	11	theme	warming	1551:1557	arg1	temperature					1559:1569	the warming temperature	1547:1569	the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C)	1547:1606	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	8	12	with	duration	1692:1699	arg1	solution					1732:1739	a higher sucrose solution	1715:1739	a higher sucrose solution (S-45%)	1715:1747	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	12	with	duration	1692:1699	arg1	%					1746:1746	S-45%	1742:1746	S-45%	1742:1746	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	13	theme	longer	1685:1690	arg1	harmful					1753:1759	harmful	1753:1759	harmful	1753:1759	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	13	theme	longer	1685:1690	arg1	duration					1692:1699	a longer duration	1683:1699	a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%)	1683:1747	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	13	theme	longer	1685:1690	arg1	min					1705:1707	30 min	1702:1707	30 min	1702:1707	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	4	14	theme	established	697:707	arg1	sets					751:754	the following sets	737:754	the following sets of experiments	737:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	14	theme	established	697:707	arg1	protocols					726:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	14	theme	established	697:707	arg1	experiments					759:769	experiments	759:769	experiments	759:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	1	15	theme	solution-based	115:128	arg1	protocol					144:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	1	15	theme	solution-based	115:128	arg1	process					158:164	a process	156:164	a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure	156:324	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	4	16	theme	R.	665:666	arg1	akane					668:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane	637:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	5	17	theme	cytotoxicity	1208:1219	arg1	tolerance					1221:1229	cytotoxicity tolerance	1208:1229	cytotoxicity tolerance	1208:1229	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	7	18	dep	temperature	1559:1569	arg1	C					1605:1605	40 degree C	1595:1605	40 degree C	1595:1605	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	7	18	dep	temperature	1559:1569	arg1	C					1589:1589	20 degree C	1579:1589	20 degree C	1579:1589	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	6	19	theme	osmoprotection	1353:1366	arg1	treatment					1368:1376	A sequential osmoprotection treatment	1340:1376	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%)	1340:1433	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
24869646	6	19	theme	osmoprotection	1353:1366	arg1	%					1385:1385	C10-50%	1379:1385	C10-50%	1379:1385	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
24869646	7	20	theme	post-cryopreservation	1623:1643	arg1	recovery					1645:1652	post-cryopreservation recovery	1623:1652	post-cryopreservation recovery	1623:1652	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	21	dep	process	1923:1929	arg1	osmoprotection					1944:1957	osmoprotection	1944:1957	osmoprotection	1944:1957	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	21	dep	process	1923:1929	arg1	preculture					1932:1941	preculture	1932:1941	preculture	1932:1941	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	21	dep	process	1923:1929	arg1	unloading					1979:1987	unloading	1979:1987	unloading	1979:1987	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	21	dep	process	1923:1929	arg1	cryoprotection					1960:1973	cryoprotection	1960:1973	cryoprotection	1960:1973	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	22	theme	cooling/warming	946:960	arg1	rates					962:966	different cooling/warming rates	936:966	different cooling/warming rates	936:966	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	23	theme	osmotic	1867:1873	arg1	stress					1875:1880	osmotic stress	1867:1880	osmotic stress	1867:1880	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	24	theme	hairy	674:678	arg1	roots					680:684	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	5	25	theme	osmoprotection	1156:1169	arg1	treatments					1171:1180	osmoprotection treatments	1156:1180	osmoprotection treatments	1156:1180	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	0	26	theme	hairy	61:65	arg1	roots					67:71	Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots	41:71	Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach	41:99	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.
24869646	4	27	theme	vitrification	908:920	arg1	solutions					922:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	0	28	from	Development	0:10	arg1	roots					67:71	Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots	41:71	Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach	41:99	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.
24869646	8	29	theme	higher	1717:1722	arg1	solution					1732:1739	a higher sucrose solution	1715:1739	a higher sucrose solution (S-45%)	1715:1747	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	29	theme	higher	1717:1722	arg1	%					1746:1746	S-45%	1742:1746	S-45%	1742:1746	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	7	30	theme	Aluminum	1494:1501	arg1	strips					1508:1513	Aluminum foil strips	1494:1513	Aluminum foil strips	1494:1513	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	2	31	theme	solutions	415:423	arg1	/composition					380:391	the concentration /composition	362:391	the concentration /composition of the cryoprotectant solutions	362:423	Hence, we need to properly control the concentration /composition of the cryoprotectant solutions.
24869646	4	32	theme	experiments	759:769	arg1	sets					751:754	the following sets	737:754	the following sets of experiments	737:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	32	theme	experiments	759:769	arg1	protocols					726:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	32	theme	experiments	759:769	arg1	experiments					759:769	experiments	759:769	experiments	759:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	0	33	theme	systematic	81:90	arg1	approach					92:99	a systematic approach	79:99	a systematic approach	79:99	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.
24869646	0	34	theme	Rubia	41:45	arg1	roots					67:71	Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots	41:71	Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach	41:99	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.
24869646	7	35	theme	degree	1598:1603	arg1	C					1605:1605	40 degree C	1595:1605	40 degree C	1595:1605	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	5	36	from	critical	1308:1315	arg1	%					1337:1337	B5-80%	1332:1337	B5-80%	1332:1337	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	5	37	theme	osmoprotection	1274:1287	arg1	treatment					1289:1297	osmoprotection treatment	1274:1297	osmoprotection treatment	1274:1297	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	2	38	theme	concentration	366:378	arg1	/composition					380:391	the concentration /composition	362:391	the concentration /composition of the cryoprotectant solutions	362:423	Hence, we need to properly control the concentration /composition of the cryoprotectant solutions.
24869646	1	39	theme	water	267:271	arg1	efflux					257:262	efflux	257:262	efflux of water (dehydration)	257:285	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	1	39	theme	water	267:271	arg1	influx					217:222	influx	217:222	influx of cryoprotectants (loading)	217:251	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	4	40	theme	varying	996:1002	arg1	solutions					1014:1022	3) varying unloading solutions	993:1022	3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose)	993:1048	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	0	41	theme	vitrification	15:27	arg1	protocol					29:36	vitrification protocol	15:36	vitrification protocol	15:36	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.
24869646	7	42	theme	degree	1582:1587	arg1	C					1589:1589	20 degree C	1579:1589	20 degree C	1579:1589	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	43	theme	combinational	789:801	arg1	effect					803:808	1) combinational effect	786:808	1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	786:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	5	44	theme	vitrification	1239:1251	arg1	solutions					1253:1261	both vitrification solutions	1234:1261	both vitrification solutions tested	1234:1268	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	2	45	theme	cryoprotectant	400:413	arg1	solutions					415:423	the cryoprotectant solutions	396:423	the cryoprotectant solutions	396:423	Hence, we need to properly control the concentration /composition of the cryoprotectant solutions.
24869646	4	46	dep	PVS2-based	864:873	arg1	%					881:881	A3-70%	876:881	A3-70%	876:881	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	46	dep	PVS2-based	864:873	arg1	%					905:905	B5-80%	900:905	B5-80%	900:905	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	47	dep	in	645:646	arg1	vitro					648:652	vitro	648:652	vitro	648:652	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	48	theme	cryoprotection	844:857	arg1	effect					803:808	1) combinational effect	786:808	1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	786:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	49	theme	PVS2-based	864:873	arg1	solutions					922:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	3	50	theme	akane	512:516	arg1	roots					524:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	3	50	theme	akane	512:516	arg1	material					548:555	a very sensitive material	531:555	a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions	531:598	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	6	51	theme	post-cryopreservation	1462:1482	arg1	regrowth					1484:1491	the post-cryopreservation regrowth	1458:1491	the post-cryopreservation regrowth	1458:1491	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
24869646	4	52	theme	preculture	813:822	arg1	effect					803:808	1) combinational effect	786:808	1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	786:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	53	theme	post-cryopreservation	2014:2034	arg1	recovery					2036:2043	higher post-cryopreservation recovery	2007:2043	higher post-cryopreservation recovery	2007:2043	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	3	54	theme	sensitive	538:546	arg1	roots					524:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	3	54	theme	sensitive	538:546	arg1	material					548:555	a very sensitive material	531:555	a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions	531:598	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	temperature					980:990	warming temperature	972:990	warming temperature	972:990	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	durations					1054:1062	durations	1054:1062	durations (7 min and 30 min)	1054:1081	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	solutions					1014:1022	3) varying unloading solutions	993:1022	3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose)	993:1048	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	min					1078:1080	30 min	1075:1080	30 min	1075:1080	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	effect					803:808	1) combinational effect	786:808	1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	786:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	min					1067:1069	7 min	1065:1069	7 min	1065:1069	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	55	dep	designed	776:783	arg1	rates					962:966	different cooling/warming rates	936:966	different cooling/warming rates	936:966	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	56	theme	osmoprotection	825:838	arg1	effect					803:808	1) combinational effect	786:808	1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	786:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	57	theme	45	1037:1038	arg1	%					1039:1039	%	1039:1039	%	1039:1039	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	8	58	from	procedure	1672:1680	arg1	harmful					1753:1759	harmful	1753:1759	harmful	1753:1759	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	58	from	procedure	1672:1680	arg1	duration					1692:1699	a longer duration	1683:1699	a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%)	1683:1747	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	4	59	theme	PVS3-based	888:897	arg1	solutions					922:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	5	60	dep	RESULTS	1133:1139	arg1	treatments					1171:1180	osmoprotection treatments	1156:1180	osmoprotection treatments	1156:1180	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	5	60	dep	RESULTS	1133:1139	arg1	Preculture					1141:1150	Preculture	1141:1150	Preculture	1141:1150	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	9	61	theme	hairy	1814:1818	arg1	roots					1820:1824	R. akane hairy roots	1805:1824	R. akane hairy roots	1805:1824	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	62	theme	R.	1805:1806	arg1	roots					1820:1824	R. akane hairy roots	1805:1824	R. akane hairy roots	1805:1824	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	63	theme	in	645:646	arg1	akane					668:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane	637:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	64	theme	poor	620:623	arg1	response					625:632	the poor response	616:632	the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments	616:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	65	dep	CONCLUSION	1794:1803	arg1	sensitive					1835:1843	sensitive	1835:1843	sensitive	1835:1843	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	65	dep	CONCLUSION	1794:1803	arg1	process					1923:1929	a proper process	1914:1929	a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading)	1914:1988	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	65	dep	CONCLUSION	1794:1803	arg1	necessary					1993:2001	necessary	1993:2001	necessary	1993:2001	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	66	theme	roots	680:684	arg1	response					625:632	the poor response	616:632	the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments	616:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	67	with	effect	803:808	arg1	solutions					922:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions	864:930	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	3	68	theme	solutions	590:598	arg1	cytotoxicity					560:571	cytotoxicity	560:571	cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions	560:598	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	4	69	dep	durations	1054:1062	arg1	durations					1054:1062	durations	1054:1062	durations (7 min and 30 min)	1054:1081	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	69	dep	durations	1054:1062	arg1	min					1067:1069	7 min	1065:1069	7 min	1065:1069	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	69	dep	durations	1054:1062	arg1	min					1078:1080	30 min	1075:1080	30 min	1075:1080	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	1	70	theme	vitrification	130:142	arg1	protocol					144:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	1	70	theme	vitrification	130:142	arg1	process					158:164	a process	156:164	a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure	156:324	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	4	71	theme	maintained	654:663	arg1	akane					668:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane	637:672	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	7	72	theme	foil	1503:1506	arg1	strips					1508:1513	Aluminum foil strips	1494:1513	Aluminum foil strips	1494:1513	Aluminum foil strips were superior to cryovials, but the warming temperature tested (20 degree C and 40 degree C) did not affect post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	73	theme	different	936:944	arg1	rates					962:966	different cooling/warming rates	936:966	different cooling/warming rates	936:966	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	74	theme	akane	668:672	arg1	roots					680:684	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots	637:684	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	75	dep	solutions	1014:1022	arg1	3					993:993	3	993:993	3	993:993	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	75	dep	solutions	1014:1022	arg1	%					1027:1027	25%	1025:1027	25%	1025:1027	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	76	theme	chemical	1886:1893	arg1	toxicity					1895:1902	chemical toxicity	1886:1902	chemical toxicity	1886:1902	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	4	77	theme	following	741:749	arg1	sets					751:754	the following sets	737:754	the following sets of experiments	737:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	77	theme	following	741:749	arg1	protocols					726:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	77	theme	following	741:749	arg1	experiments					759:769	experiments	759:769	experiments	759:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	78	dep	cytotoxicity	1848:1859	arg1	stress					1875:1880	osmotic stress	1867:1880	osmotic stress	1867:1880	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	78	dep	cytotoxicity	1848:1859	arg1	toxicity					1895:1902	chemical toxicity	1886:1902	chemical toxicity	1886:1902	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	1	79	dep	BACKGROUND	102:111	arg1	protocol					144:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	A solution-based vitrification protocol	113:151	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	1	79	dep	BACKGROUND	102:111	arg1	process					158:164	a process	156:164	a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure	156:324	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	8	80	theme	sucrose	1724:1730	arg1	solution					1732:1739	a higher sucrose solution	1715:1739	a higher sucrose solution (S-45%)	1715:1747	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	80	theme	sucrose	1724:1730	arg1	%					1746:1746	S-45%	1742:1746	S-45%	1742:1746	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	8	81	from	harmful	1753:1759	arg1	procedure					1672:1680	the unloading procedure	1658:1680	the unloading procedure	1658:1680	In the unloading procedure, a longer duration (30 min) with a higher sucrose solution (S-45%) was harmful, possibly due to osmotic stress.
24869646	4	82	theme	unloading	1112:1120	arg1	solutions					1122:1130	the unloading solutions	1108:1130	the unloading solutions	1108:1130	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	83	theme	cryopreservation	709:724	arg1	sets					751:754	the following sets	737:754	the following sets of experiments	737:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	83	theme	cryopreservation	709:724	arg1	protocols					726:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	already established cryopreservation protocols	689:734	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	83	theme	cryopreservation	709:724	arg1	experiments					759:769	experiments	759:769	experiments	759:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	0	84	theme	protocol	29:36	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.	0:100	Development of vitrification protocol in Rubia akane (nakai) hairy roots using a systematic approach.
24869646	4	85	dep	%	1027:1027	arg1	sucrose					1041:1047	45% sucrose	1037:1047	45% sucrose	1037:1047	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	4	85	dep	%	1027:1027	arg1	%					1032:1032	35%	1030:1032	35%	1030:1032	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	9	86	theme	proper	1916:1921	arg1	process					1923:1929	a proper process	1914:1929	a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading)	1914:1988	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	9	86	theme	proper	1916:1921	arg1	necessary					1993:2001	necessary	1993:2001	necessary	1993:2001	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	3	87	theme	systematic	459:468	arg1	approach					470:477	a systematic approach	457:477	a systematic approach	457:477	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	6	88	theme	sequential	1342:1351	arg1	treatment					1368:1376	A sequential osmoprotection treatment	1340:1376	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%)	1340:1433	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
24869646	6	88	theme	sequential	1342:1351	arg1	%					1385:1385	C10-50%	1379:1385	C10-50%	1379:1385	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
24869646	3	89	dep	OBJECTIVE	426:434	arg1	was					446:448	was	446:448	was	446:448	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	4	90	theme	warming	972:978	arg1	temperature					980:990	warming temperature	972:990	warming temperature	972:990	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	5	91	from	%	1337:1337	arg1	critical					1308:1315	critical	1308:1315	critical	1308:1315	RESULTS Preculture and osmoprotection treatments were necessary to acquire cytotoxicity tolerance in both vitrification solutions tested and osmoprotection treatment was more critical, especially in B5-80%.
24869646	9	92	dep	stress	1875:1880	arg1	both					1862:1865	both	1862:1865	both	1862:1865	CONCLUSION R. akane hairy roots are very sensitive to cytotoxicity (both osmotic stress and chemical toxicity) and thus a proper process (preculture, osmoprotection, cryoprotection and unloading) is necessary for higher post-cryopreservation recovery.
24869646	1	93	theme	cryoprotectants	227:241	arg1	efflux					257:262	efflux	257:262	efflux of water (dehydration)	257:285	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	1	93	theme	cryoprotectants	227:241	arg1	influx					217:222	influx	217:222	influx of cryoprotectants (loading)	217:251	BACKGROUND A solution-based vitrification protocol is a process of sequentially changing-solutions from which both influx of cryoprotectants (loading) and efflux of water (dehydration) were accomplished before cryo-exposure.
24869646	4	94	theme	Due	609:611	arg1	METHODS					601:607	METHODS	601:607	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments	601:769	METHODS Due to the poor response of 10-year in vitro maintained R. akane hairy roots to already established cryopreservation protocols, the following sets of experiments were designed: 1) combinational effect of preculture, osmoprotection and cryoprotection with PVS2-based (A3-70%) and PVS3-based (B5-80%) vitrification solutions; 2) different cooling/warming rates and warming temperature; 3) varying unloading solutions (25%, 35%and 45% sucrose) and durations (7 min and 30 min) with or without changing the unloading solutions.
24869646	3	95	theme	Rubia	506:510	arg1	roots					524:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	Rubia akane hairy roots	506:528	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	3	95	theme	Rubia	506:510	arg1	material					548:555	a very sensitive material	531:555	a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions	531:598	OBJECTIVE The study was, using a systematic approach, to develop a protocol for Rubia akane hairy roots, a very sensitive material to cytotoxicity of vitrification solutions.
24869646	6	96	theme	conventional	1398:1409	arg1	osmoprotection					1411:1424	conventional osmoprotection	1398:1424	conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%)	1398:1433	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
24869646	6	96	theme	conventional	1398:1409	arg1	%					1432:1432	C4-35%	1427:1432	C4-35%	1427:1432	A sequential osmoprotection treatment (C10-50%) following conventional osmoprotection (C4-35%) was needed to increase the post-cryopreservation regrowth.
26990890	5	0	theme	particular	760:769	arg1	interest					771:778	particular interest	760:778	particular interest	760:778	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	6	1	theme	35 days	1038:1044	arg1	period					1028:1033	a time period	1021:1033	a time period of 35 days	1021:1044	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes were cultivated in vitro and observed microscopically over a time period of 35 days.
26990890	2	2	theme	collagen	348:355	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	7	3	theme	type	1091:1094	arg1	expression					1051:1060	The expression	1047:1060	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan	1047:1110	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	10	4	theme	chondrocyte	1453:1463	arg1	isolation					1465:1473	chondrocyte isolation	1453:1473	chondrocyte isolation	1453:1473	The results indicate that chondrocyte isolation and in vitro cultivation lead to a dedifferentiation at least to the stage of chondroprogenitor cells.
26990890	3	5	from	proteoglycans	474:486	arg1	low					467:469	low	467:469	low	467:469	After any injury, the hyaline cartilage is replaced by fibrocartilage, which is low in proteoglycans and contains collagen type I predominantly.
26990890	6	6	theme	time	1023:1026	arg1	period					1028:1033	a time period	1021:1033	a time period of 35 days	1021:1044	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes were cultivated in vitro and observed microscopically over a time period of 35 days.
26990890	3	7	contain	contains	492:499	arg2	type					510:513	collagen type I	501:515	collagen type I	501:515	After any injury, the hyaline cartilage is replaced by fibrocartilage, which is low in proteoglycans and contains collagen type I predominantly.
26990890	3	7	contain	contains	492:499	arg1	fibrocartilage					442:455	fibrocartilage	442:455	fibrocartilage	442:455	After any injury, the hyaline cartilage is replaced by fibrocartilage, which is low in proteoglycans and contains collagen type I predominantly.
26990890	2	8	from	amount	305:310	arg1	particular					375:384	particular	375:384	particular	375:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	4	9	theme	procedures	576:585	arg1	results					553:559	long-term results	543:559	long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	543:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	2	10	theme	high	300:303	arg1	amount					305:310	a high amount	298:310	a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular	298:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	10	theme	high	300:303	arg1	proteoglycans					330:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	10	theme	high	300:303	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	9	11	theme	first	1324:1328	arg1	days					1330:1333	the first days	1320:1333	the first days	1320:1333	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	9	12	from	increase	1373:1380	arg1	type					1394:1397	collagen type II	1385:1400	collagen type II	1385:1400	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	2	13	from	proteoglycans	330:342	arg1	particular					375:384	particular	375:384	particular	375:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	1	14	theme	subchondral	253:263	arg1	bone					265:268	the subchondral bone	249:268	the subchondral bone	249:268	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	5	15	theme	ECM	907:909	arg1	components					911:920	ECM components	907:920	ECM components	907:920	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	5	16	theme	in vitro	829:836	arg1	cultivation					838:848	in vitro cultivation	829:848	in vitro cultivation	829:848	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	4	17	theme	autologous	623:632	arg1	transplantation					646:660	autologous chondrocyte transplantation	623:660	autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	623:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	5	18	theme	chondrocytes	853:864	arg1	cultivation					838:848	in vitro cultivation	829:848	in vitro cultivation	829:848	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	5	18	theme	chondrocytes	853:864	arg1	isolation					815:823	isolation	815:823	isolation	815:823	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	4	19	theme	therapeutic	564:574	arg1	procedures					576:585	therapeutic procedures	564:585	therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	564:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	4	19	theme	therapeutic	564:574	arg1	therapies					608:616	cell-based therapies	597:616	cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	597:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	3	20	theme	hyaline	409:415	arg1	cartilage					417:425	the hyaline cartilage	405:425	the hyaline cartilage	405:425	After any injury, the hyaline cartilage is replaced by fibrocartilage, which is low in proteoglycans and contains collagen type I predominantly.
26990890	8	21	theme	cultivation	1247:1257	arg1	period					1259:1264	the entire cultivation period	1236:1264	the entire cultivation period	1236:1264	Chondrocytes presented a longitudinal shape for the entire cultivation period.
26990890	7	22	theme	cultivation	1175:1185	arg1	days					1167:1170	several days	1159:1170	several days of cultivation	1159:1185	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	3	23	theme	collagen	501:508	arg1	type					510:513	collagen type I	501:515	collagen type I	501:515	After any injury, the hyaline cartilage is replaced by fibrocartilage, which is low in proteoglycans and contains collagen type I predominantly.
26990890	10	24	theme	in vitro	1479:1486	arg1	cultivation					1488:1498	in vitro cultivation	1479:1498	in vitro cultivation	1479:1498	The results indicate that chondrocyte isolation and in vitro cultivation lead to a dedifferentiation at least to the stage of chondroprogenitor cells.
26990890	0	25	dep	Types	78:82	arg1	Types					78:82	Types I and II	78:91	Types I and II	78:91	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	0	25	dep	Types	78:82	arg1	II					90:91	II	90:91	II	90:91	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	0	25	dep	Types	78:82	arg1	I					84:84	I	84:84	I	84:84	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	7	26	theme	type	1074:1077	arg1	expression					1051:1060	The expression	1047:1060	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan	1047:1110	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	0	27	theme	In	0:1	arg1	Expression					9:18	In Vitro Expression	0:18	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.	0:136	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	9	28	theme	prolonged	1341:1349	arg1	cultivation					1351:1361	only prolonged cultivation	1336:1361	only prolonged cultivation	1336:1361	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	3	29	from	low	467:469	arg1	proteoglycans					474:486	proteoglycans	474:486	proteoglycans	474:486	After any injury, the hyaline cartilage is replaced by fibrocartilage, which is low in proteoglycans and contains collagen type I predominantly.
26990890	7	30	theme	aggrecan	1103:1110	arg1	expression					1051:1060	The expression	1047:1060	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan	1047:1110	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	1	31	theme	hyaline	172:178	arg1	cartilage					180:188	hyaline cartilage	172:188	hyaline cartilage	172:188	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	8	32	theme	longitudinal	1213:1224	arg1	shape					1226:1230	a longitudinal shape	1211:1230	a longitudinal shape for the entire cultivation period	1211:1264	Chondrocytes presented a longitudinal shape for the entire cultivation period.
26990890	0	33	theme	Cartilage-Derived	106:122	arg1	Chondrocytes					124:135	Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes	96:135	Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes	96:135	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	1	34	theme	cartilage	180:188	arg1	ECM					164:166	ECM	164:166	ECM	164:166	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	1	34	theme	cartilage	180:188	arg1	matrix					156:161	The extracellular matrix	138:161	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage	138:188	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	4	35	theme	long-term	543:551	arg1	results					553:559	long-term results	543:559	long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	543:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	0	36	theme	Articular	96:104	arg1	Chondrocytes					124:135	Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes	96:135	Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes	96:135	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	0	37	dep	Aggrecan	59:66	arg1	Types					78:82	Types I and II	78:91	Types I and II	78:91	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	0	37	dep	Aggrecan	59:66	arg1	II					90:91	II	90:91	II	90:91	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	0	37	dep	Aggrecan	59:66	arg1	I					84:84	I	84:84	I	84:84	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	4	38	theme	replacement	678:688	arg1	tissue					690:695	a replacement tissue	676:695	a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage	676:737	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	0	39	theme	Extracellular	27:39	arg1	Components					48:57	the Extracellular Matrix Components	23:57	the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II	23:91	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	5	40	theme	components	911:920	arg1	expression					893:902	their expression	887:902	their expression of ECM components	887:920	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	5	40	theme	components	911:920	arg1	cells					877:881	the cells	873:881	the cells	873:881	Therefore, it is of particular interest to discover how and to what extent isolation and in vitro cultivation of chondrocytes affect the cells and their expression of ECM components.
26990890	9	41	from	expression	1415:1424	arg1	type					1394:1397	collagen type II	1385:1400	collagen type II	1385:1400	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	0	42	dep	Components	48:57	arg1	Collagen					69:76	Collagen	69:76	Collagen	69:76	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	0	42	dep	Components	48:57	arg1	Aggrecan					59:66	Aggrecan	59:66	Aggrecan	59:66	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	2	43	theme	fibres	365:370	arg1	amount					305:310	a high amount	298:310	a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular	298:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	43	theme	fibres	365:370	arg1	proteoglycans					330:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	43	theme	fibres	365:370	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	7	44	theme	several	1159:1165	arg1	days					1167:1170	several days	1159:1170	several days of cultivation	1159:1185	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	4	45	dep	transplantation	646:660	arg1	ACT					663:665	ACT	663:665	ACT	663:665	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	9	46	theme	collagen	1385:1392	arg1	type					1394:1397	collagen type II	1385:1400	collagen type II	1385:1400	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	0	47	theme	Components	48:57	arg1	Expression					9:18	In Vitro Expression	0:18	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.	0:136	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	7	48	theme	collagen	1065:1072	arg1	type					1074:1077	collagen type I	1065:1079	collagen type I	1065:1079	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	10	49	theme	cells	1571:1575	arg1	stage					1544:1548	the stage	1540:1548	the stage of chondroprogenitor cells	1540:1575	The results indicate that chondrocyte isolation and in vitro cultivation lead to a dedifferentiation at least to the stage of chondroprogenitor cells.
26990890	2	50	from	fibres	365:370	arg1	particular					375:384	particular	375:384	particular	375:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	51	theme	proteoglycans	330:342	arg1	amount					305:310	a high amount	298:310	a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular	298:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	51	theme	proteoglycans	330:342	arg1	proteoglycans					330:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	51	theme	proteoglycans	330:342	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	0	52	theme	Matrix	41:46	arg1	Components					48:57	the Extracellular Matrix Components	23:57	the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II	23:91	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	7	53	theme	collagen	1082:1089	arg1	type					1091:1094	collagen type II	1082:1097	collagen type II	1082:1097	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	10	54	theme	chondroprogenitor	1553:1569	arg1	cells					1571:1575	chondroprogenitor cells	1553:1575	chondroprogenitor cells	1553:1575	The results indicate that chondrocyte isolation and in vitro cultivation lead to a dedifferentiation at least to the stage of chondroprogenitor cells.
26990890	2	55	theme	aggrecan-based	315:328	arg1	proteoglycans					330:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	6	56	theme	cartilage-derived	931:947	arg1	chondrocytes					949:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes	923:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes	923:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes were cultivated in vitro and observed microscopically over a time period of 35 days.
26990890	2	57	from	particular	375:384	arg1	amount					305:310	a high amount	298:310	a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular	298:384	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	57	from	particular	375:384	arg1	proteoglycans					330:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	aggrecan-based proteoglycans	315:342	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	2	57	from	particular	375:384	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	4	58	theme	fibrocartilage	724:737	arg1	composition					709:719	the composition	705:719	the composition of fibrocartilage	705:737	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	4	59	theme	cell-based	597:606	arg1	therapies					608:616	cell-based therapies	597:616	cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	597:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	9	60	theme	collagen	1287:1294	arg1	type					1296:1299	collagen type I	1287:1301	collagen type I	1287:1301	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	6	61	link	cartilage-derived	931:947	arg1	chondrocytes					949:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes	923:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes	923:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes were cultivated in vitro and observed microscopically over a time period of 35 days.
26990890	1	62	theme	extracellular	142:154	arg1	ECM					164:166	ECM	164:166	ECM	164:166	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	1	62	theme	extracellular	142:154	arg1	matrix					156:161	The extracellular matrix	138:161	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage	138:188	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	8	63	theme	entire	1240:1245	arg1	period					1259:1264	the entire cultivation period	1236:1264	the entire cultivation period	1236:1264	Chondrocytes presented a longitudinal shape for the entire cultivation period.
26990890	9	64	theme	type	1296:1299	arg1	expression					1273:1282	expression	1273:1282	expression of collagen type I	1273:1301	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	4	65	theme	chondrocyte	634:644	arg1	transplantation					646:660	autologous chondrocyte transplantation	623:660	autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT)	623:666	Until now, long-term results of therapeutic procedures including cell-based therapies like autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) lead to a replacement tissue meeting the composition of fibrocartilage.
26990890	2	66	theme	II	362:363	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	1	67	theme	articular	222:230	arg1	load					241:244	articular pressure load	222:244	articular pressure load	222:244	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
26990890	7	68	theme	Western	1143:1149	arg1	blot					1151:1154	Western blot	1143:1154	Western blot	1143:1154	The expression of collagen type I, collagen type II and aggrecan was analysed using RT-qPCR and Western blot at several days of cultivation.
26990890	6	69	theme	Hyaline	923:929	arg1	chondrocytes					949:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes	923:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes	923:960	Hyaline cartilage-derived chondrocytes were cultivated in vitro and observed microscopically over a time period of 35 days.
26990890	0	70	dep	In	0:1	arg1	Vitro					3:7	Vitro	3:7	Vitro	3:7	In Vitro Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes.
26990890	2	71	theme	type	357:360	arg1	fibres					365:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	collagen type II fibres	348:370	Pressure is transferred by a high amount of aggrecan-based proteoglycans and collagen type II fibres in particular.
26990890	9	72	theme	aggrecan	1406:1413	arg1	expression					1415:1424	aggrecan expression	1406:1424	aggrecan expression	1406:1424	While expression of collagen type I prevailed within the first days, only prolonged cultivation led to an increase in collagen type II and aggrecan expression.
26990890	1	73	theme	pressure	232:239	arg1	load					241:244	articular pressure load	222:244	articular pressure load	222:244	The extracellular matrix (ECM) of hyaline cartilage is perfectly suited to transmit articular pressure load to the subchondral bone.
25526179	6	0	theme	Free	908:911	arg1	antibody					913:920	Free antibody	908:920	Free antibody	908:920	Free antibody retarded macrophage infiltration in the periphery but not at the surface, while the conjugated antibody was able to hinder macrophage infiltration at both the periphery and the surface.
25526179	7	1	theme	image	1199:1203	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	3	2	theme	quantitative	654:665	arg1	Metrics					571:577	Metrics	571:577	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis	571:623	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	2	theme	quantitative	654:665	arg1	analysis					667:674	the quantitative analysis	650:674	the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization	650:715	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	9	3	theme	inflammatory	1420:1431	arg1	markers					1433:1439	inflammatory markers	1420:1439	inflammatory markers	1420:1439	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	7	4	from	analysis	1205:1212	arg1	day					1242:1244	day 14	1242:1247	day 14	1242:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	4	from	analysis	1205:1212	arg1	days					1164:1167	days 4, 7, and 14	1164:1180	days 4, 7, and 14	1164:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	3	5	theme	organization	704:715	arg1	Metrics					571:577	Metrics	571:577	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis	571:623	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	5	theme	organization	704:715	arg1	analysis					667:674	the quantitative analysis	650:674	the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization	650:715	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	8	6	located	observed	1369:1376	arg2	re-epithelialization					1348:1367	re-epithelialization	1348:1367	re-epithelialization observed in conjugate-treated sites	1348:1403	This correlated with increases in re-epithelialization observed in conjugate-treated sites.
25526179	8	6	located	observed	1369:1376	arg1	sites					1399:1403	conjugate-treated sites	1381:1403	conjugate-treated sites	1381:1403	This correlated with increases in re-epithelialization observed in conjugate-treated sites.
25526179	9	7	from	differences	1535:1545	arg1	transport					1559:1567	antibody transport	1550:1567	antibody transport	1550:1567	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	3	8	theme	composition	688:698	arg1	Metrics					571:577	Metrics	571:577	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis	571:623	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	8	theme	composition	688:698	arg1	analysis					667:674	the quantitative analysis	650:674	the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization	650:715	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	9	9	theme	tissue	1455:1460	arg1	necrosis					1462:1469	secondary tissue necrosis	1445:1469	secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates	1445:1505	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	9	10	from	terms	1526:1530	arg1	transport					1559:1567	antibody transport	1550:1567	antibody transport	1550:1567	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	11	11	theme	secondary	1864:1872	arg1	necrosis					1874:1881	secondary necrosis	1864:1881	secondary necrosis	1864:1881	These results indicate anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid can be an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns.
25526179	1	12	theme	healing	430:436	arg1	responses					381:389	inflammatory responses	368:389	inflammatory responses	368:389	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	12	theme	healing	430:436	arg1	progression					397:407	burn progression	392:407	burn progression	392:407	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	12	theme	healing	430:436	arg1	stages					420:425	early stages	414:425	early stages of healing	414:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	10	13	theme	collagen	1620:1627	arg1	composition					1629:1639	collagen composition	1620:1639	collagen composition	1620:1639	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	0	14	theme	healing	114:120	arg1	effects					122:128	early healing effects	108:128	early healing effects	108:128	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	7	15	theme	conjugate	1293:1301	arg1	treatment					1303:1311	saline and conjugate treatment	1282:1311	treatment	1303:1311	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	11	16	theme	healing	1897:1903	arg1	outcomes					1905:1912	healing outcomes	1897:1912	healing outcomes in burns	1897:1921	These results indicate anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid can be an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns.
25526179	7	17	theme	staining	1145:1152	arg1	ratios					1154:1159	III staining ratios	1141:1159	III staining ratios	1141:1159	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	5	18	theme	Nonviable	828:836	arg1	thicknesses					845:855	Nonviable tissue thicknesses	828:855	Nonviable tissue thicknesses	828:855	Nonviable tissue thicknesses decreased with increasing dose and dose frequency.
25526179	2	19	theme	partial-thickness	541:557	arg1	model					564:568	a rat partial-thickness burn model	535:568	a rat partial-thickness burn model	535:568	Monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α were conjugated to hyaluronic acid and applied topically in a rat partial-thickness burn model.
25526179	0	20	theme	rat	135:137	arg1	model					144:148	a rat burn model	133:148	a rat burn model	133:148	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	1	21	theme	inflammatory	368:379	arg1	responses					381:389	inflammatory responses	368:389	inflammatory responses	368:389	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	6	22	theme	conjugated	1006:1015	arg1	able					1030:1033	able	1030:1033	able	1030:1033	Free antibody retarded macrophage infiltration in the periphery but not at the surface, while the conjugated antibody was able to hinder macrophage infiltration at both the periphery and the surface.
25526179	6	22	theme	conjugated	1006:1015	arg1	antibody					1017:1024	the conjugated antibody	1002:1024	the conjugated antibody	1002:1024	Free antibody retarded macrophage infiltration in the periphery but not at the surface, while the conjugated antibody was able to hinder macrophage infiltration at both the periphery and the surface.
25526179	7	23	theme	quantitative	1186:1197	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	3	24	theme	inflammatory	582:593	arg1	responses					595:603	inflammatory responses	582:603	inflammatory responses	582:603	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	9	25	theme	differences	1535:1545	arg1	terms					1526:1530	terms	1526:1530	terms of differences in antibody transport	1526:1567	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	4	26	with	μg	785:786	arg1	applications					799:810	three applications	793:810	three applications	793:810	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	9	27	theme	antibody	1550:1557	arg1	transport					1559:1567	antibody transport	1550:1567	antibody transport	1550:1567	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	9	28	from	transport	1559:1567	arg1	terms					1526:1530	terms	1526:1530	terms of differences in antibody transport	1526:1567	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	2	29	theme	hyaluronic	494:503	arg1	acid					505:508	hyaluronic acid	494:508	hyaluronic acid	494:508	Monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α were conjugated to hyaluronic acid and applied topically in a rat partial-thickness burn model.
25526179	4	30	theme	effective	730:738	arg1	dose					760:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	4	30	theme	effective	730:738	arg1	μg					785:786	100 μg	781:786	100 μg with three applications	781:810	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	0	31	theme	dosing	86:91	arg1	strategies					93:102	dosing strategies	86:102	dosing strategies	86:102	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	11	32	from	outcomes	1905:1912	arg1	burns					1917:1921	burns	1917:1921	burns	1917:1921	These results indicate anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid can be an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns.
25526179	1	33	theme	burn	333:336	arg1	model					338:342	a rat burn model	327:342	a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing	327:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	0	34	theme	factor-α	37:44	arg1	delivery					6:13	Local delivery	0:13	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.	0:149	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	9	35	theme	nonconjugated	1581:1593	arg1	antibody					1595:1602	nonconjugated antibody	1581:1602	nonconjugated antibody	1581:1602	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	7	36	from	days	1164:1167	arg1	ratios					1154:1159	III staining ratios	1141:1159	III staining ratios	1141:1159	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	36	from	days	1164:1167	arg1	collagen					1126:1133	collagen I	1126:1135	collagen I	1126:1135	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	36	from	days	1164:1167	arg1	Quantification					1108:1121	Quantification	1108:1121	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14	1108:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	36	from	days	1164:1167	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	4	37	theme	minimum	722:728	arg1	dose					760:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	4	37	theme	minimum	722:728	arg1	μg					785:786	100 μg	781:786	100 μg with three applications	781:810	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	0	38	theme	Local	0:4	arg1	delivery					6:13	Local delivery	0:13	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.	0:149	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	1	39	theme	tumor	253:257	arg1	factor-α					268:275	tumor necrosis factor-α	253:275	tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	253:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	39	theme	tumor	253:257	arg1	TNF-α					278:282	TNF-α	278:282	TNF-α	278:282	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	6	40	theme	macrophage	1045:1054	arg1	infiltration					1056:1067	macrophage infiltration	1045:1067	macrophage infiltration	1045:1067	Free antibody retarded macrophage infiltration in the periphery but not at the surface, while the conjugated antibody was able to hinder macrophage infiltration at both the periphery and the surface.
25526179	4	41	theme	conjugated	740:749	arg1	dose					760:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	4	41	theme	conjugated	740:749	arg1	μg					785:786	100 μg	781:786	100 μg with three applications	781:810	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	10	42	theme	early	1732:1736	arg1	responses					1746:1754	early healing responses	1732:1754	early healing responses	1732:1754	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	7	43	theme	ratios	1154:1159	arg1	Quantification					1108:1121	Quantification	1108:1121	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14	1108:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	43	theme	ratios	1154:1159	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	1	44	theme	factor-α	268:275	arg1	inhibitors					239:248	inhibitors	239:248	inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	239:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	7	45	theme	saline	1282:1287	arg1	treatment					1303:1311	saline and conjugate treatment	1282:1311	treatment	1303:1311	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	9	46	with	treatment	1477:1485	arg1	conjugates					1496:1505	the conjugates	1492:1505	the conjugates	1492:1505	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	9	47	theme	secondary	1445:1453	arg1	necrosis					1462:1469	secondary tissue necrosis	1445:1469	secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates	1445:1505	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	0	48	theme	necrosis	28:35	arg1	factor-α					37:44	antitumor necrosis factor-α	18:44	antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation	18:64	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	3	49	theme	necrosis	616:623	arg1	well					642:645	well	642:645	well	642:645	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	49	theme	necrosis	616:623	arg1	Metrics					571:577	Metrics	571:577	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis	571:623	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	49	theme	necrosis	616:623	arg1	analysis					667:674	the quantitative analysis	650:674	the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization	650:715	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	9	50	from	Reductions	1406:1415	arg1	markers					1433:1439	inflammatory markers	1420:1439	inflammatory markers	1420:1439	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	1	51	theme	dose-response	194:206	arg1	effects					208:214	dose-response effects	194:214	dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	194:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	9	52	from	necrosis	1462:1469	arg1	markers					1433:1439	inflammatory markers	1420:1439	inflammatory markers	1420:1439	Reductions in inflammatory markers and secondary tissue necrosis under treatment with the conjugates were understood in terms of differences in antibody transport compared to nonconjugated antibody.
25526179	7	53	theme	collagen	1217:1224	arg1	organization					1226:1237	collagen organization	1217:1237	collagen organization at day 14	1217:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	3	54	theme	collagen	679:686	arg1	composition					688:698	collagen composition	679:698	collagen composition	679:698	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	1	55	theme	delivery	227:234	arg1	effects					208:214	dose-response effects	194:214	dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	194:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	56	theme	inhibitors	239:248	arg1	delivery					227:234	topical delivery	219:234	topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	219:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	10	57	from	Day	1661:1663	arg1	Differences					1605:1615	Differences	1605:1615	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14	1605:1666	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	2	58	theme	burn	559:562	arg1	model					564:568	a rat partial-thickness burn model	535:568	a rat partial-thickness burn model	535:568	Monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α were conjugated to hyaluronic acid and applied topically in a rat partial-thickness burn model.
25526179	1	59	theme	early	414:418	arg1	stages					420:425	early stages	414:425	early stages of healing	414:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	5	60	theme	tissue	838:843	arg1	thicknesses					845:855	Nonviable tissue thicknesses	828:855	Nonviable tissue thicknesses	828:855	Nonviable tissue thicknesses decreased with increasing dose and dose frequency.
25526179	11	61	theme	effective	1831:1839	arg1	anti-TNF-α					1780:1789	anti-TNF-α	1780:1789	anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid	1780:1819	These results indicate anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid can be an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns.
25526179	11	61	theme	effective	1831:1839	arg1	treatment					1841:1849	an effective treatment	1828:1849	an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns	1828:1921	These results indicate anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid can be an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns.
25526179	7	62	from	day	1242:1244	arg1	Quantification					1108:1121	Quantification	1108:1121	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14	1108:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	62	from	day	1242:1244	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	62	from	day	1242:1244	arg1	organization					1226:1237	collagen organization	1217:1237	collagen organization at day 14	1217:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	1	63	theme	study	173:177	arg1	objective					155:163	The objective	151:163	The objective of this study	151:177	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	0	64	theme	burn	139:142	arg1	model					144:148	a rat burn model	133:148	a rat burn model	133:148	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	6	65	theme	macrophage	931:940	arg1	infiltration					942:953	macrophage infiltration	931:953	macrophage infiltration	931:953	Free antibody retarded macrophage infiltration in the periphery but not at the surface, while the conjugated antibody was able to hinder macrophage infiltration at both the periphery and the surface.
25526179	2	66	theme	rat	537:539	arg1	model					564:568	a rat partial-thickness burn model	535:568	a rat partial-thickness burn model	535:568	Monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α were conjugated to hyaluronic acid and applied topically in a rat partial-thickness burn model.
25526179	3	67	theme	responses	595:603	arg1	well					642:645	well	642:645	well	642:645	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	67	theme	responses	595:603	arg1	Metrics					571:577	Metrics	571:577	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis	571:623	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	3	67	theme	responses	595:603	arg1	analysis					667:674	the quantitative analysis	650:674	the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization	650:715	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	0	68	from	strategies	93:102	arg1	model					144:148	a rat burn model	133:148	a rat burn model	133:148	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	0	69	theme	hyaluronic	69:78	arg1	acid					80:83	hyaluronic acid	69:83	hyaluronic acid	69:83	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	1	70	theme	burn	392:395	arg1	progression					397:407	burn progression	392:407	burn progression	392:407	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	11	71	theme	hyaluronic	1805:1814	arg1	acid					1816:1819	hyaluronic acid	1805:1819	hyaluronic acid	1805:1819	These results indicate anti-TNF-α conjugated to hyaluronic acid can be an effective treatment for reducing secondary necrosis and improving healing outcomes in burns.
25526179	1	72	theme	hyaluronic	308:317	arg1	acid					319:322	hyaluronic acid	308:322	hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing	308:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	2	73	theme	Monoclonal	439:448	arg1	antibodies					450:459	Monoclonal antibodies	439:459	Monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α	439:473	Monoclonal antibodies against TNF-α were conjugated to hyaluronic acid and applied topically in a rat partial-thickness burn model.
25526179	1	74	from	effects	357:363	arg1	responses					381:389	inflammatory responses	368:389	inflammatory responses	368:389	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	74	from	effects	357:363	arg1	progression					397:407	burn progression	392:407	burn progression	392:407	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	74	from	effects	357:363	arg1	stages					420:425	early stages	414:425	early stages of healing	414:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	4	75	theme	antibody	751:758	arg1	dose					760:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose	718:763	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	4	75	theme	antibody	751:758	arg1	μg					785:786	100 μg	781:786	100 μg with three applications	781:810	The minimum effective conjugated antibody dose was found to be 100 μg with three applications 48 hours apart.
25526179	0	76	theme	early	108:112	arg1	effects					122:128	early healing effects	108:128	early healing effects	108:128	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	1	77	theme	rat	329:331	arg1	model					338:342	a rat burn model	327:342	a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing	327:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	0	78	theme	antitumor	18:26	arg1	factor-α					37:44	antitumor necrosis factor-α	18:44	antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation	18:64	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	1	79	theme	necrosis	259:266	arg1	factor-α					268:275	tumor necrosis factor-α	253:275	tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	253:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	1	79	theme	necrosis	259:266	arg1	TNF-α					278:282	TNF-α	278:282	TNF-α	278:282	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	5	80	dep	dose	883:886	arg1	frequency					897:905	frequency	897:905	frequency	897:905	Nonviable tissue thicknesses decreased with increasing dose and dose frequency.
25526179	1	81	from	acid	319:322	arg1	model					338:342	a rat burn model	327:342	a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing	327:436	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
25526179	3	82	theme	tissue	609:614	arg1	necrosis					616:623	tissue necrosis	609:623	tissue necrosis	609:623	Metrics of inflammatory responses and tissue necrosis were measured as well as the quantitative analysis of collagen composition and organization.
25526179	8	83	theme	conjugate-treated	1381:1397	arg1	sites					1399:1403	conjugate-treated sites	1381:1403	conjugate-treated sites	1381:1403	This correlated with increases in re-epithelialization observed in conjugate-treated sites.
25526179	10	84	theme	inflammatory	1701:1712	arg1	responses					1714:1722	inflammatory responses	1701:1722	inflammatory responses	1701:1722	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	7	85	theme	collagen	1126:1133	arg1	Quantification					1108:1121	Quantification	1108:1121	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14	1108:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	85	theme	collagen	1126:1133	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	86	from	Quantification	1108:1121	arg1	day					1242:1244	day 14	1242:1247	day 14	1242:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	86	from	Quantification	1108:1121	arg1	days					1164:1167	days 4, 7, and 14	1164:1180	days 4, 7, and 14	1164:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	8	87	from	increases	1335:1343	arg1	re-epithelialization					1348:1367	re-epithelialization	1348:1367	re-epithelialization observed in conjugate-treated sites	1348:1403	This correlated with increases in re-epithelialization observed in conjugate-treated sites.
25526179	10	88	from	reductions	1687:1696	arg1	responses					1714:1722	inflammatory responses	1701:1722	inflammatory responses	1701:1722	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	7	89	theme	organization	1226:1237	arg1	Quantification					1108:1121	Quantification	1108:1121	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14	1108:1180	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	7	89	theme	organization	1226:1237	arg1	analysis					1205:1212	quantitative image analysis	1186:1212	quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14	1186:1247	Quantification of collagen I and III staining ratios at days 4, 7, and 14 and quantitative image analysis of collagen organization at day 14 demonstrated differences between saline and conjugate treatment.
25526179	10	90	theme	healing	1738:1744	arg1	responses					1746:1754	early healing responses	1732:1754	early healing responses	1732:1754	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	10	91	from	Differences	1605:1615	arg1	organization					1645:1656	organization	1645:1656	organization	1645:1656	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	10	91	from	Differences	1605:1615	arg1	composition					1629:1639	collagen composition	1620:1639	collagen composition	1620:1639	Differences in collagen composition and organization at Day 14 suggested that the reductions in inflammatory responses altered early healing responses.
25526179	0	92	dep	delivery	6:13	arg1	strategies					93:102	dosing strategies	86:102	dosing strategies	86:102	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	0	92	dep	delivery	6:13	arg1	effects					122:128	early healing effects	108:128	early healing effects	108:128	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	0	93	from	effects	122:128	arg1	model					144:148	a rat burn model	133:148	a rat burn model	133:148	Local delivery of antitumor necrosis factor-α through conjugation to hyaluronic acid: dosing strategies and early healing effects in a rat burn model.
25526179	1	94	theme	topical	219:225	arg1	delivery					227:234	topical delivery	219:234	topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	219:283	The objective of this study was to measure dose-response effects of topical delivery of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through conjugation to hyaluronic acid in a rat burn model to determine effects on inflammatory responses, burn progression, and early stages of healing.
24424275	4	0	from	study	616:620	arg1	isolation					676:684	isolation	676:684	isolation from the host bacterium	676:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	1	theme	biomolecules	580:591	arg1	class					571:575	this important class	556:575	this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	556:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	2	from	bacterium	700:708	arg1	isolation					676:684	isolation	676:684	isolation from the host bacterium	676:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	2	from	bacterium	700:708	arg1	effects					646:652	the immunomodulatory effects	625:652	the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	625:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	6	3	theme	fundamental	899:909	arg1	insight					911:917	a fundamental insight	897:917	a fundamental insight into the effect of these glycans on the immune response	897:973	This study offers a fundamental insight into the effect of these glycans on the immune response.
24424275	4	4	theme	in	607:608	arg1	study					616:620	the first in vitro study	597:620	the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	597:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	5	5	theme	stimulatory	737:747	arg1	properties					749:758	stimulatory properties	737:758	stimulatory properties	737:758	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	4	6	theme	first	601:605	arg1	study					616:620	the first in vitro study	597:620	the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	597:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	7	theme	immunomodulatory	629:644	arg1	effects					646:652	the immunomodulatory effects	625:652	the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	625:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	8	from	isolation	676:684	arg1	study					616:620	the first in vitro study	597:620	the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	597:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	8	from	isolation	676:684	arg1	biomolecules					580:591	biomolecules	580:591	biomolecules	580:591	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	2	9	theme	immunomodulatory	407:422	arg1	compounds					336:344	glycosylated compounds	323:344	glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	323:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	9	theme	immunomodulatory	407:422	arg1	molecules					424:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	4	10	theme	effects	646:652	arg1	study					616:620	the first in vitro study	597:620	the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	597:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	10	theme	effects	646:652	arg1	biomolecules					580:591	biomolecules	580:591	biomolecules	580:591	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	3	11	theme	these	465:469	arg1	important					452:460	important	452:460	important	452:460	Amongst the most important of these are the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	0	12	theme	synthesis	4:12	arg1	evaluation					29:38	The synthesis and biological evaluation	0:38	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	0:99	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	5	13	contain	have	732:735	arg1	compounds					715:723	The compounds	711:723	The compounds	711:723	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	5	13	contain	have	732:735	arg2	properties					749:758	stimulatory properties	737:758	stimulatory properties	737:758	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	6	14	theme	immune	959:964	arg1	response					966:973	the immune response	955:973	the immune response	955:973	This study offers a fundamental insight into the effect of these glycans on the immune response.
24424275	2	15	theme	glycosylated	323:334	arg1	compounds					336:344	glycosylated compounds	323:344	glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	323:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	15	theme	glycosylated	323:334	arg1	molecules					424:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	5	16	theme	inflammatory	808:819	arg1	cytokines					821:829	inflammatory cytokines	808:829	inflammatory cytokines	808:829	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	5	16	theme	inflammatory	808:819	arg1	interferon-γ					845:856	interferon-γ	845:856	particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ)	832:864	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	4	17	theme	class	571:575	arg1	synthesis					543:551	the synthesis	539:551	the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	539:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	0	18	theme	biological	18:27	arg1	evaluation					29:38	The synthesis and biological evaluation	0:38	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	0:99	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	4	19	theme	important	561:569	arg1	class					571:575	this important class	556:575	this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	556:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	1	20	theme	Mycobacterium	102:114	arg1	tuberculosis					116:127	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	102:127	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	102:127	Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response.
24424275	3	21	theme	p-hydroxybenzoic	479:494	arg1	p-HBADs					514:520	p-HBADs	514:520	p-HBADs	514:520	Amongst the most important of these are the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	3	21	theme	p-hydroxybenzoic	479:494	arg1	derivatives					501:511	the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives	475:511	the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	475:521	Amongst the most important of these are the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	2	22	contain	contains	296:303	arg1	wall					269:272	The bacterial cell wall	250:272	The bacterial cell wall	250:272	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	22	contain	contains	296:303	arg2	variety					312:318	a rich variety	305:318	a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	305:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	22	contain	contains	296:303	arg1	complex					284:290	complex	284:290	complex	284:290	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	22	contain	contains	296:303	arg2	molecules					424:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	22	contain	contains	296:303	arg2	compounds					336:344	glycosylated compounds	323:344	glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	323:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	4	23	dep	in	607:608	arg1	vitro					610:614	vitro	610:614	vitro	610:614	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	2	24	theme	rich	307:310	arg1	variety					312:318	a rich variety	305:318	a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	305:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	24	theme	rich	307:310	arg1	compounds					336:344	glycosylated compounds	323:344	glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	323:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	24	theme	rich	307:310	arg1	molecules					424:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	4	25	from	effects	646:652	arg1	bacterium					700:708	the host bacterium	691:708	the host bacterium	691:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	25	from	effects	646:652	arg1	isolation					676:684	isolation	676:684	isolation from the host bacterium	676:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	3	26	theme	acid	496:499	arg1	p-HBADs					514:520	p-HBADs	514:520	p-HBADs	514:520	Amongst the most important of these are the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	3	26	theme	acid	496:499	arg1	derivatives					501:511	the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives	475:511	the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	475:521	Amongst the most important of these are the p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	6	27	theme	glycans	944:950	arg1	effect					928:933	the effect	924:933	the effect of these glycans on the immune response	924:973	This study offers a fundamental insight into the effect of these glycans on the immune response.
24424275	2	28	theme	bacterial	254:262	arg1	wall					269:272	The bacterial cell wall	250:272	The bacterial cell wall	250:272	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	28	theme	bacterial	254:262	arg1	complex					284:290	complex	284:290	complex	284:290	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	1	29	theme	adaptive	224:231	arg1	response					240:247	the host's innate and adaptive immune response	202:247	the host's innate and adaptive immune response	202:247	Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response.
24424275	5	30	theme	cytokines	821:829	arg1	production					794:803	the production	790:803	the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells	790:876	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	1	31	theme	immune	233:238	arg1	response					240:247	the host's innate and adaptive immune response	202:247	the host's innate and adaptive immune response	202:247	Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response.
24424275	0	32	theme	p-hydroxybenzoic	57:72	arg1	p-HBADs					92:98	p-HBADs	92:98	p-HBADs	92:98	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	0	32	theme	p-hydroxybenzoic	57:72	arg1	derivatives					79:89	mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives	43:89	mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	43:99	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	6	33	from	effect	928:933	arg1	response					966:973	the immune response	955:973	the immune response	955:973	This study offers a fundamental insight into the effect of these glycans on the immune response.
24424275	0	34	theme	acid	74:77	arg1	p-HBADs					92:98	p-HBADs	92:98	p-HBADs	92:98	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	0	34	theme	acid	74:77	arg1	derivatives					79:89	mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives	43:89	mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	43:99	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	0	35	theme	mycobacterial	43:55	arg1	p-HBADs					92:98	p-HBADs	92:98	p-HBADs	92:98	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	0	35	theme	mycobacterial	43:55	arg1	derivatives					79:89	mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives	43:89	mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	43:99	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	4	36	from	biomolecules	580:591	arg1	isolation					676:684	isolation	676:684	isolation from the host bacterium	676:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	1	37	theme	chronic	141:147	arg1	infection					149:157	chronic infection	141:157	chronic infection	141:157	Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response.
24424275	5	38	dep	have	732:735	arg1	inhibit					782:788	inhibit	782:788	can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells	778:876	The compounds do not have stimulatory properties but, in contrast, can inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interferon-γ (IFN-γ), by T-cells.
24424275	1	39	theme	response	240:247	arg1	manipulation					186:197	manipulation	186:197	manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response	186:247	Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response.
24424275	2	40	theme	compounds	336:344	arg1	variety					312:318	a rich variety	305:318	a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	305:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	40	theme	compounds	336:344	arg1	compounds					336:344	glycosylated compounds	323:344	glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	323:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	40	theme	compounds	336:344	arg1	molecules					424:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	0	41	theme	derivatives	79:89	arg1	evaluation					29:38	The synthesis and biological evaluation	0:38	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs)	0:99	The synthesis and biological evaluation of mycobacterial p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (p-HBADs).
24424275	1	42	theme	innate	213:218	arg1	response					240:247	the host's innate and adaptive immune response	202:247	the host's innate and adaptive immune response	202:247	Mycobacterium tuberculosis establishes chronic infection and causes disease through manipulation of the host's innate and adaptive immune response.
24424275	4	43	theme	host	695:698	arg1	bacterium					700:708	the host bacterium	691:708	the host bacterium	691:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	4	44	theme	compounds	663:671	arg1	effects					646:652	the immunomodulatory effects	625:652	the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	625:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
24424275	2	45	gly	glycosylated	323:334	arg1	compounds					336:344	glycosylated compounds	323:344	glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules	323:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	45	gly	glycosylated	323:334	arg1	molecules					424:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	immunomodulatory molecules	407:432	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	46	theme	cell	264:267	arg1	wall					269:272	The bacterial cell wall	250:272	The bacterial cell wall	250:272	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	2	46	theme	cell	264:267	arg1	complex					284:290	complex	284:290	complex	284:290	The bacterial cell wall is highly complex and contains a rich variety of glycosylated compounds that are secreted during infection and have been proposed as immunomodulatory molecules.
24424275	4	47	theme	study	616:620	arg1	class					571:575	this important class	556:575	this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium	556:708	Here we report the synthesis of this important class of biomolecules and the first in vitro study of the immunomodulatory effects of these compounds in isolation from the host bacterium.
25550121	2	0	theme	Photosan	572:579	arg1	photoactivity					555:567	the photoactivity	551:567	the photoactivity of Photosan	551:579	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	3	1	theme	oxygen	789:794	arg1	species					796:802	reactive oxygen species	780:802	reactive oxygen species	780:802	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	1	2	theme	Photosan-DA-Chit	219:234	arg1	micelles					237:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles	157:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity	157:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	4	3	from	cells	961:965	arg1	levels					927:932	significant levels	915:932	significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells	915:965	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	0	4	theme	phototoxicity	104:116	arg1	enhancement					89:99	enhancement	89:99	enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells	89:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	4	theme	phototoxicity	104:116	arg1	photoactivity					71:83	photoactivity	71:83	photoactivity	71:83	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	4	theme	phototoxicity	104:116	arg1	micelles					61:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles	0:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.	0:155	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	2	5	theme	fluorescence	405:416	arg1	lifetime					418:425	fluorescence lifetime	405:425	fluorescence lifetime	405:425	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	0	6	theme	pancreatic	132:141	arg1	cells					150:154	human pancreatic cancer cells	126:154	human pancreatic cancer cells	126:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	3	7	with	incubation	596:605	arg1	cells					656:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	7	with	incubation	596:605	arg1	cells					636:640	human pancreatic cancer cells	612:640	human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells)	612:661	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	8	theme	cancer	629:634	arg1	cells					656:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	8	theme	cancer	629:634	arg1	cells					636:640	human pancreatic cancer cells	612:640	human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells)	612:661	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	5	9	dep	light	986:990	arg1	the					971:973	the	971:973	the	971:973	In the absence of light, however, the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed no cytotoxicity.
25550121	5	9	dep	light	986:990	arg1	absence					975:981	absence	975:981	absence	975:981	In the absence of light, however, the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed no cytotoxicity.
25550121	0	10	theme	human	126:130	arg1	cells					150:154	human pancreatic cancer cells	126:154	human pancreatic cancer cells	126:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	3	11	theme	laser	810:814	arg1	illumination					816:827	laser illumination	810:827	laser illumination	810:827	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	6	12	used	used	1099:1102	arg2	they					1085:1088	they	1085:1088	they	1085:1088	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	6	12	used	used	1099:1102	arg2	therapy					1132:1138	a potential photodynamic therapy	1107:1138	a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer	1107:1159	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	2	13	theme	Photosan-DA-Chit	434:449	arg1	micelles					451:458	the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	430:458	the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	430:458	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	3	14	theme	human	612:616	arg1	cells					656:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	14	theme	human	612:616	arg1	cells					636:640	human pancreatic cancer cells	612:640	human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells)	612:661	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	5	15	theme	Photosan-DA-Chit	1006:1021	arg1	micelles					1023:1030	the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	1002:1030	the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	1002:1030	In the absence of light, however, the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed no cytotoxicity.
25550121	3	16	dep	cells	656:660	arg1	i.e.					643:646	i.e.	643:646	i.e.	643:646	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	0	17	theme	cancer	143:148	arg1	cells					150:154	human pancreatic cancer cells	126:154	human pancreatic cancer cells	126:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	3	18	theme	species	796:802	arg1	levels					770:775	higher levels	763:775	higher levels of reactive oxygen species	763:802	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	19	theme	pancreatic	618:627	arg1	cells					656:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	19	theme	pancreatic	618:627	arg1	cells					636:640	human pancreatic cancer cells	612:640	human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells)	612:661	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	0	20	theme	amphiphilic	29:39	arg1	enhancement					89:99	enhancement	89:99	enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells	89:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	20	theme	amphiphilic	29:39	arg1	photoactivity					71:83	photoactivity	71:83	photoactivity	71:83	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	20	theme	amphiphilic	29:39	arg1	micelles					61:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles	0:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.	0:155	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	6	21	from	therapy	1132:1138	arg1	cancer					1154:1159	pancreatic cancer	1143:1159	pancreatic cancer	1143:1159	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	1	22	theme	controlled	251:260	arg1	photoactivity					262:274	controlled photoactivity	251:274	controlled photoactivity	251:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	0	23	theme	Photosensitizer-encapsulated	0:27	arg1	enhancement					89:99	enhancement	89:99	enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells	89:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	23	theme	Photosensitizer-encapsulated	0:27	arg1	photoactivity					71:83	photoactivity	71:83	photoactivity	71:83	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	23	theme	Photosensitizer-encapsulated	0:27	arg1	micelles					61:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles	0:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.	0:155	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	4	24	theme	Panc-1	954:959	arg1	cells					961:965	the Panc-1 cells	950:965	the Panc-1 cells	950:965	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	2	25	theme	quantum	387:393	arg1	lower					465:469	lower	465:469	lower	465:469	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	2	25	theme	quantum	387:393	arg1	yield					395:399	The fluorescence quantum yield	370:399	The fluorescence quantum yield	370:399	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	0	26	theme	derivative	50:59	arg1	enhancement					89:99	enhancement	89:99	enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells	89:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	26	theme	derivative	50:59	arg1	photoactivity					71:83	photoactivity	71:83	photoactivity	71:83	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	26	theme	derivative	50:59	arg1	micelles					61:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles	0:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.	0:155	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	2	27	theme	fluorescence	374:385	arg1	lower					465:469	lower	465:469	lower	465:469	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	2	27	theme	fluorescence	374:385	arg1	yield					395:399	The fluorescence quantum yield	370:399	The fluorescence quantum yield	370:399	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	0	28	theme	chitosan	41:48	arg1	enhancement					89:99	enhancement	89:99	enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells	89:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	28	theme	chitosan	41:48	arg1	photoactivity					71:83	photoactivity	71:83	photoactivity	71:83	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	28	theme	chitosan	41:48	arg1	micelles					61:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles	0:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.	0:155	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	4	29	theme	Photosan-DA-Chit	834:849	arg1	micelles					851:858	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	830:858	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	830:858	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	6	30	theme	pancreatic	1143:1152	arg1	cancer					1154:1159	pancreatic cancer	1143:1159	pancreatic cancer	1143:1159	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	3	31	theme	free	735:738	arg1	Photosan					740:747	free Photosan	735:747	free Photosan	735:747	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	32	theme	Panc-1	649:654	arg1	cells					656:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	Panc-1 cells	649:660	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	3	32	theme	Panc-1	649:654	arg1	cells					636:640	human pancreatic cancer cells	612:640	human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells)	612:661	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	1	33	theme	phosphate-buffered	334:351	arg1	pH					361:362	pH 6.2	361:366	pH 6.2	361:366	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	1	33	theme	phosphate-buffered	334:351	arg1	saline					353:358	phosphate-buffered saline	334:358	phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2)	334:367	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	3	34	theme	fluorescence	708:719	arg1	activity					721:728	higher fluorescence activity	701:728	higher fluorescence activity	701:728	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	4	35	theme	significant	915:925	arg1	levels					927:932	significant levels	915:932	significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells	915:965	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	4	36	from	apoptosis	937:945	arg1	cells					961:965	the Panc-1 cells	950:965	the Panc-1 cells	950:965	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	2	37	theme	free	485:488	arg1	Photosan					490:497	free Photosan	485:497	free Photosan	485:497	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	4	38	theme	apoptosis	937:945	arg1	levels					927:932	significant levels	915:932	significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells	915:965	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	0	39	dep	micelles	61:68	arg1	enhancement					89:99	enhancement	89:99	enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells	89:154	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	39	dep	micelles	61:68	arg1	photoactivity					71:83	photoactivity	71:83	photoactivity	71:83	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	0	39	dep	micelles	61:68	arg1	micelles					61:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles	0:68	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.	0:155	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative micelles: photoactivity and enhancement of phototoxicity against human pancreatic cancer cells.
25550121	4	40	from	levels	927:932	arg1	cells					961:965	the Panc-1 cells	950:965	the Panc-1 cells	950:965	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	1	41	theme	Photosensitizer-encapsulated	157:184	arg1	micelles					237:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles	157:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity	157:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	1	42	with	micelles	237:244	arg1	photoactivity					262:274	controlled photoactivity	251:274	controlled photoactivity	251:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	3	43	theme	higher	763:768	arg1	levels					770:775	higher levels	763:775	higher levels of reactive oxygen species	763:802	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	6	44	theme	potential	1109:1117	arg1	therapy					1132:1138	a potential photodynamic therapy	1107:1138	a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer	1107:1159	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	6	44	theme	potential	1109:1117	arg1	they					1085:1088	they	1085:1088	they	1085:1088	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	1	45	theme	amphiphilic	186:196	arg1	micelles					237:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles	157:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity	157:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	6	46	theme	photodynamic	1119:1130	arg1	therapy					1132:1138	a potential photodynamic therapy	1107:1138	a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer	1107:1159	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	6	46	theme	photodynamic	1119:1130	arg1	they					1085:1088	they	1085:1088	they	1085:1088	These results indicated that they could be used as a potential photodynamic therapy in pancreatic cancer.
25550121	4	47	theme	strong	880:885	arg1	phototoxicity					887:899	strong phototoxicity	880:899	strong phototoxicity	880:899	The Photosan-DA-Chit micelles therefore exhibited strong phototoxicity, which led to significant levels of apoptosis in the Panc-1 cells.
25550121	3	48	theme	higher	701:706	arg1	activity					721:728	higher fluorescence activity	701:728	higher fluorescence activity	701:728	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	1	49	theme	chitosan	198:205	arg1	micelles					237:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles	157:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity	157:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	1	50	theme	simple	303:308	arg1	method					324:329	a simple self-assembly method	301:329	a simple self-assembly method	301:329	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	3	51	theme	Photosan-DA-Chit	668:683	arg1	micelles					685:692	the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	664:692	the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles	664:692	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	1	52	theme	derivative	207:216	arg1	micelles					237:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles	157:244	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity	157:274	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	1	53	theme	self-assembly	310:322	arg1	method					324:329	a simple self-assembly method	301:329	a simple self-assembly method	301:329	Photosensitizer-encapsulated amphiphilic chitosan derivative (Photosan-DA-Chit) micelles with controlled photoactivity have been prepared using a simple self-assembly method in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 6.2).
25550121	3	54	theme	reactive	780:787	arg1	species					796:802	reactive oxygen species	780:802	reactive oxygen species	780:802	However, upon incubation with human pancreatic cancer cells (i.e., Panc-1 cells), the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles showed higher fluorescence activity than free Photosan and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species under laser illumination.
25550121	2	55	theme	micelles	451:458	arg1	lifetime					418:425	fluorescence lifetime	405:425	fluorescence lifetime	405:425	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	2	55	theme	micelles	451:458	arg1	lower					465:469	lower	465:469	lower	465:469	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
25550121	2	55	theme	micelles	451:458	arg1	yield					395:399	The fluorescence quantum yield	370:399	The fluorescence quantum yield	370:399	The fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the Photosan-DA-Chit micelles were lower than those of free Photosan, which indicated that the micelles were suppressing the photoactivity of Photosan.
27126171	5	0	theme	scaffolds	755:763	arg1	size					736:739	The pore size	727:739	The pore size of the porous scaffolds	727:763	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	5	1	theme	70-80	811:815	arg1	%					816:816	%	816:816	%	816:816	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	7	2	theme	biological	984:993	arg1	properties					995:1004	the physical and biological properties	967:1004	the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds	967:1036	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	7	2	theme	biological	984:993	arg1	biomaterial					1057:1067	a promising biomaterial	1045:1067	a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration	1045:1096	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	0	3	theme	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium	72:98	arg1	phosphate					100:108	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate	72:108	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering	72:136	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27126171	3	4	theme	mechanical	503:512	arg1	properties					514:523	the mechanical properties	499:523	the mechanical properties	499:523	To enhance the mechanical properties, the bio-scaffolds were cross-linked using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	1	5	theme	crab	258:261	arg1	sources					229:235	different sources	219:235	different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) -	219:274	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	5	theme	crab	258:261	arg1	RC					270:271	RC	270:271	RC	270:271	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	5	theme	crab	258:261	arg1	shell					263:267	crab shell	258:267	crab shell (RC)	258:272	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	0	6	theme	bone-tissue	114:124	arg1	engineering					126:136	bone-tissue engineering	114:136	bone-tissue engineering	114:136	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27126171	1	7	theme	chitosan/HA/β-TCP	335:351	arg1	ratio					353:357	a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio	333:357	a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20	333:369	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	6	8	theme	%	937:937	arg1	range					923:927	the range	919:927	the range of 30-40%	919:937	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	5	9	theme	pore	731:734	arg1	size					736:739	The pore size	727:739	The pore size of the porous scaffolds	727:763	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	7	10	theme	bone-tissue	1073:1083	arg1	regeneration					1085:1096	bone-tissue regeneration	1073:1096	bone-tissue regeneration	1073:1096	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	5	11	theme	%	816:816	arg1	porosity					818:825	70-80% porosity	811:825	70-80% porosity	811:825	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	0	12	with	chitosan	58:65	arg1	phosphate					100:108	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate	72:108	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering	72:136	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27126171	6	13	from	ratio	861:865	arg1	range					923:927	the range	919:927	the range of 30-40%	919:937	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	1	14	theme	50/30/20	362:369	arg1	ratio					353:357	a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio	333:357	a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20	333:369	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	2	15	dep	temperature	430:440	arg1	-20°C					443:447	-20°C	443:447	-20°C	443:447	The bio-scaffolds were prepared at two different freezing temperature (-20°C and -80°C) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	2	15	dep	temperature	430:440	arg1	-80°C					453:457	-80°C	453:457	-80°C	453:457	The bio-scaffolds were prepared at two different freezing temperature (-20°C and -80°C) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	1	16	theme	irradiated	194:203	arg1	chitosan					205:212	irradiated chitosan	194:212	irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP)	194:328	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	6	17	theme	water	848:852	arg1	ratio					861:865	a water uptake ratio	846:865	a water uptake ratio of more than 10	846:881	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	7	18	theme	promising	1047:1055	arg1	biomaterial					1057:1067	a promising biomaterial	1045:1067	a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration	1045:1096	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	7	18	theme	promising	1047:1055	arg1	properties					995:1004	the physical and biological properties	967:1004	the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds	967:1036	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	0	19	theme	irradiated	28:37	arg1	pen					45:47	irradiated squid pen	28:47	irradiated squid pen	28:47	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27126171	7	20	theme	bio-scaffolds	1024:1036	arg1	properties					995:1004	the physical and biological properties	967:1004	the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds	967:1036	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	7	20	theme	bio-scaffolds	1024:1036	arg1	biomaterial					1057:1067	a promising biomaterial	1045:1067	a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration	1045:1096	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	2	21	theme	freezing	421:428	arg1	temperature					430:440	two different freezing temperature	407:440	two different freezing temperature (-20°C and -80°C) followed by lyophilisation	407:485	The bio-scaffolds were prepared at two different freezing temperature (-20°C and -80°C) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	7	22	theme	physical	971:978	arg1	properties					995:1004	the physical and biological properties	967:1004	the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds	967:1036	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	7	22	theme	physical	971:978	arg1	biomaterial					1057:1067	a promising biomaterial	1045:1067	a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration	1045:1096	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	5	23	contain	had	807:809	arg1	scaffolds					797:805	the scaffolds	793:805	the scaffolds	793:805	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	5	23	contain	had	807:809	arg2	porosity					818:825	70-80% porosity	811:825	70-80% porosity	811:825	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	3	24	theme	sodium	568:573	arg1	TPP					593:595	TPP	593:595	TPP	593:595	To enhance the mechanical properties, the bio-scaffolds were cross-linked using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	3	24	theme	sodium	568:573	arg1	tripolyphosphate					575:590	sodium tripolyphosphate	568:590	sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) followed by lyophilisation	568:623	To enhance the mechanical properties, the bio-scaffolds were cross-linked using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	2	25	theme	different	411:419	arg1	temperature					430:440	two different freezing temperature	407:440	two different freezing temperature (-20°C and -80°C) followed by lyophilisation	407:485	The bio-scaffolds were prepared at two different freezing temperature (-20°C and -80°C) followed by lyophilisation.
27126171	0	26	theme	squid	39:43	arg1	pen					45:47	irradiated squid pen	28:47	irradiated squid pen	28:47	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27126171	1	27	theme	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium	281:307	arg1	phosphate					309:317	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate	281:317	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP)	281:328	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	27	theme	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium	281:307	arg1	HA/β-TCP					320:327	HA/β-TCP	320:327	HA/β-TCP	320:327	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	7	28	theme	chitosan-based	1009:1022	arg1	bio-scaffolds					1024:1036	chitosan-based bio-scaffolds	1009:1036	chitosan-based bio-scaffolds	1009:1036	These results suggest that the physical and biological properties of chitosan-based bio-scaffolds can be a promising biomaterial for bone-tissue regeneration.
27126171	1	29	theme	squid	239:243	arg1	RS					250:251	RS	250:251	RS	250:251	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	29	theme	squid	239:243	arg1	sources					229:235	different sources	219:235	different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) -	219:274	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	29	theme	squid	239:243	arg1	pen					245:247	squid pen	239:247	squid pen (RS)	239:252	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	0	30	theme	crab	53:56	arg1	chitosan					58:65	crab chitosan	53:65	crab chitosan	53:65	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27126171	6	31	theme	controlled	890:899	arg1	biodegradation					901:914	a controlled biodegradation	888:914	a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%	888:937	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	1	32	with	chitosan	205:212	arg1	phosphate					309:317	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate	281:317	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP)	281:328	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	32	with	chitosan	205:212	arg1	HA/β-TCP					320:327	HA/β-TCP	320:327	HA/β-TCP	320:327	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	6	33	theme	uptake	854:859	arg1	ratio					861:865	a water uptake ratio	846:865	a water uptake ratio of more than 10	846:881	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	6	34	theme	more	870:873	arg1	ratio					861:865	a water uptake ratio	846:865	a water uptake ratio of more than 10	846:881	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	6	34	theme	more	870:873	arg1	biodegradation					901:914	a controlled biodegradation	888:914	a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%	888:937	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	4	35	dep	composition	630:640	arg1	The					626:628	The	626:628	The	626:628	The composition and morphology of the bio-scaffolds were characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM and μ-CT.
27126171	5	36	dep	220μm	783:787	arg1	to					780:781	to	780:781	to	780:781	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	6	37	from	biodegradation	901:914	arg1	range					923:927	the range	919:927	the range of 30-40%	919:937	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	1	38	from	sources	229:235	arg1	chitosan					205:212	irradiated chitosan	194:212	irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP)	194:328	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	6	39	contain	had	842:844	arg1	scaffolds					832:840	The scaffolds	828:840	The scaffolds	828:840	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	6	39	contain	had	842:844	arg2	biodegradation					901:914	a controlled biodegradation	888:914	a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%	888:937	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	6	39	contain	had	842:844	arg2	ratio					861:865	a water uptake ratio	846:865	a water uptake ratio of more than 10	846:881	The scaffolds had a water uptake ratio of more than 10, and a controlled biodegradation in the range of 30-40%.
27126171	1	40	theme	different	219:227	arg1	sources					229:235	different sources	219:235	different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) -	219:274	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	40	theme	different	219:227	arg1	pen					245:247	squid pen	239:247	squid pen (RS)	239:252	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	40	theme	different	219:227	arg1	shell					263:267	crab shell	258:267	crab shell (RC)	258:272	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	4	41	theme	bio-scaffolds	664:676	arg1	morphology					646:655	morphology	646:655	morphology	646:655	The composition and morphology of the bio-scaffolds were characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM and μ-CT.
27126171	4	41	theme	bio-scaffolds	664:676	arg1	composition					630:640	composition	630:640	composition	630:640	The composition and morphology of the bio-scaffolds were characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM and μ-CT.
27126171	5	42	theme	porous	748:753	arg1	scaffolds					755:763	the porous scaffolds	744:763	the porous scaffolds	744:763	The pore size of the porous scaffolds ranged from 90 to 220μm and the scaffolds had 70-80% porosity.
27126171	1	43	dep	sources	229:235	arg1	RS					250:251	RS	250:251	RS	250:251	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	43	dep	sources	229:235	arg1	sources					229:235	different sources	219:235	different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) -	219:274	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	43	dep	sources	229:235	arg1	pen					245:247	squid pen	239:247	squid pen (RS)	239:252	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	43	dep	sources	229:235	arg1	shell					263:267	crab shell	258:267	crab shell (RC)	258:272	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	1	43	dep	sources	229:235	arg1	RC					270:271	RC	270:271	RC	270:271	In this study, bio-scaffolds have been developed using irradiated chitosan from different sources - squid pen (RS) and crab shell (RC) - with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) at a chitosan/HA/β-TCP ratio of 50/30/20.
27126171	0	44	with	pen	45:47	arg1	phosphate					100:108	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate	72:108	hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering	72:136	Bio-scaffolds produced from irradiated squid pen and crab chitosan with hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate for bone-tissue engineering.
27035479	0	0	theme	sugarcane	93:101	arg1	bagasse					103:109	sugarcane bagasse	93:109	sugarcane bagasse	93:109	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	1	1	theme	sodium	229:234	arg1	ethoxide					236:243	sodium ethoxide	229:243	sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa)	229:253	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	1	theme	sodium	229:234	arg1	alcoholates					157:167	alcoholates	157:167	alcoholates	157:167	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	1	theme	sodium	229:234	arg1	C2H5ONa					246:252	C2H5ONa	246:252	C2H5ONa	246:252	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	0	2	theme	bagasse	103:109	arg1	hydrolysis					79:88	enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis	60:88	enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse	60:109	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	5	3	theme	SCB	1033:1035	arg1	saccharification					998:1013	enzymatic saccharification	988:1013	enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB	988:1035	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	5	4	theme	pretreat	897:904	arg1	SCB					906:908	pretreat SCB	897:908	pretreat SCB	897:908	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	2	5	theme	saccharification	327:342	arg1	Analyses					274:281	Analyses	274:281	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification	274:342	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	4	6	theme	xylan	788:792	arg1	rates					765:769	conversion rates	754:769	conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively	754:832	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	4	6	theme	xylan	788:792	arg1	production					730:739	sugar production	724:739	sugar production of 21g/L	724:748	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	3	7	theme	C2H5ONa	520:526	arg1	121°C					529:533	121°C	529:533	121°C	529:533	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	7	theme	C2H5ONa	520:526	arg1	C2H5ONa					520:526	C2H5ONa	520:526	C2H5ONa	520:526	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	7	theme	C2H5ONa	520:526	arg1	%					515:515	4%	514:515	4% of C2H5ONa	514:526	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	7	theme	C2H5ONa	520:526	arg1	1h					536:537	1h	536:537	1h	536:537	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	4	8	theme	SCB	628:630	arg1	Hydrolysis					614:623	Hydrolysis	614:623	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1	614:677	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	1	9	theme	sodium	170:175	arg1	CH3ONa					188:193	CH3ONa	188:193	CH3ONa	188:193	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	9	theme	sodium	170:175	arg1	alcoholates					157:167	alcoholates	157:167	alcoholates	157:167	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	9	theme	sodium	170:175	arg1	methoxide					177:185	sodium methoxide	170:185	sodium methoxide (CH3ONa)	170:194	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	3	10	dep	conditions	502:511	arg1	121°C					529:533	121°C	529:533	121°C	529:533	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	10	dep	conditions	502:511	arg1	C2H5ONa					520:526	C2H5ONa	520:526	C2H5ONa	520:526	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	10	dep	conditions	502:511	arg1	%					515:515	4%	514:515	4% of C2H5ONa	514:526	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	10	dep	conditions	502:511	arg1	1h					536:537	1h	536:537	1h	536:537	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	11	theme	optimal	494:500	arg1	conditions					502:511	optimal conditions	494:511	optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h)	494:538	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	2	12	theme	enzymatic	386:394	arg1	efficiency					396:405	the highest enzymatic efficiency	374:405	the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%	374:415	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	1	13	with	Pretreatment	112:123	arg1	ethoxide					236:243	sodium ethoxide	229:243	sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa)	229:253	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	13	with	Pretreatment	112:123	arg1	alcoholates					157:167	alcoholates	157:167	alcoholates	157:167	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	13	with	Pretreatment	112:123	arg1	methoxide					177:185	sodium methoxide	170:185	sodium methoxide (CH3ONa)	170:194	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	13	with	Pretreatment	112:123	arg1	methoxide					207:215	potassium methoxide	197:215	potassium methoxide (CH3OK)	197:223	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	2	14	theme	lignocellulose	286:299	arg1	composition					301:311	lignocellulose composition	286:311	lignocellulose composition	286:311	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	2	15	theme	highest	378:384	arg1	efficiency					396:405	the highest enzymatic efficiency	374:405	the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%	374:415	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	0	16	theme	Comparative	0:10	arg1	study					12:16	Comparative study	0:16	Comparative study of different alcoholate	0:40	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	4	17	theme	4:1	675:677	arg1	ratio					666:670	a ratio	664:670	a ratio of 4:1	664:677	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	3	18	theme	response	422:429	arg1	optimization					439:450	The response surface optimization	418:450	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment	418:474	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	0	19	theme	different	21:29	arg1	alcoholate					31:40	different alcoholate	21:40	different alcoholate	21:40	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	4	20	theme	strongest	690:698	arg1	synergism					700:708	the strongest synergism	686:708	the strongest synergism	686:708	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	3	21	theme	pretreatment	463:474	arg1	optimization					439:450	The response surface optimization	418:450	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment	418:474	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	4	22	theme	sugar	724:728	arg1	production					730:739	sugar production	724:739	sugar production of 21g/L	724:748	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	4	23	with	SCB	628:630	arg1	xylanase					652:659	xylanase	652:659	xylanase	652:659	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	4	23	with	SCB	628:630	arg1	cellulases					637:646	cellulases	637:646	cellulases	637:646	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	2	24	theme	%	415:415	arg1	efficiency					396:405	the highest enzymatic efficiency	374:405	the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%	374:415	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	2	25	theme	enzymatic	317:325	arg1	saccharification					327:342	enzymatic saccharification	317:342	enzymatic saccharification	317:342	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	3	26	theme	lignin	550:555	arg1	lignin					550:555	lignin	550:555	lignin	550:555	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	3	26	theme	lignin	550:555	arg1	%					545:545	65.4%	541:545	65.4% of lignin	541:555	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	1	27	theme	potassium	197:205	arg1	alcoholates					157:167	alcoholates	157:167	alcoholates	157:167	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	27	theme	potassium	197:205	arg1	CH3OK					218:222	CH3OK	218:222	CH3OK	218:222	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	27	theme	potassium	197:205	arg1	methoxide					207:215	potassium methoxide	197:215	potassium methoxide (CH3OK)	197:223	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	3	28	theme	surface	431:437	arg1	optimization					439:450	The response surface optimization	418:450	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment	418:474	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	0	29	theme	alcoholate	31:40	arg1	study					12:16	Comparative study	0:16	Comparative study of different alcoholate	0:40	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	4	30	theme	conversion	754:763	arg1	rates					765:769	conversion rates	754:769	conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively	754:832	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	3	31	theme	C2H5ONa	455:461	arg1	pretreatment					463:474	C2H5ONa pretreatment	455:474	C2H5ONa pretreatment	455:474	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	0	32	theme	enhanced	60:67	arg1	hydrolysis					79:88	enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis	60:88	enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse	60:109	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	5	33	theme	pretreated	1022:1031	arg1	SCB					1033:1035	the pretreated SCB	1018:1035	the pretreated SCB	1018:1035	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	4	34	theme	cellulose	774:782	arg1	rates					765:769	conversion rates	754:769	conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively	754:832	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	4	34	theme	cellulose	774:782	arg1	production					730:739	sugar production	724:739	sugar production of 21g/L	724:748	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	1	35	theme	sugarcane	128:136	arg1	SCB					147:149	SCB	147:149	SCB	147:149	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	1	35	theme	sugarcane	128:136	arg1	bagasse					138:144	sugarcane bagasse	128:144	sugarcane bagasse (SCB)	128:150	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	5	36	theme	promising	877:885	arg1	alkali					887:892	a promising alkali	875:892	a promising alkali to pretreat SCB	875:908	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	5	36	theme	promising	877:885	arg1	C2H5ONa					864:870	C2H5ONa	864:870	C2H5ONa	864:870	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	5	37	theme	significant	966:976	arg1	effect					978:983	a significant effect	964:983	a significant effect	964:983	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	1	38	theme	bagasse	138:144	arg1	Pretreatment					112:123	Pretreatment	112:123	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa),	112:254	Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with alcoholates, sodium methoxide (CH3ONa), potassium methoxide (CH3OK) and sodium ethoxide (C2H5ONa), was investigated.
27035479	4	39	from	ratio	666:670	arg1	Hydrolysis					614:623	Hydrolysis	614:623	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1	614:677	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	3	40	theme	enzymatic	577:585	arg1	efficiency					587:596	the enzymatic efficiency	573:596	the enzymatic efficiency	573:596	The response surface optimization of C2H5ONa pretreatment showed that under optimal conditions (4% of C2H5ONa, 121°C, 1h), 65.4% of lignin was removed and the enzymatic efficiency reached 105.2%.
27035479	2	41	theme	composition	301:311	arg1	Analyses					274:281	Analyses	274:281	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification	274:342	Analyses of lignocellulose composition and enzymatic saccharification indicated that C2H5ONa showed the highest enzymatic efficiency of 102.1%.
27035479	5	42	theme	enzymatic	988:996	arg1	saccharification					998:1013	enzymatic saccharification	988:1013	enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB	988:1035	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	5	43	contain	has	960:962	arg1	synergism					918:926	the synergism	914:926	the synergism between cellulases and xylanase	914:958	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	5	43	contain	has	960:962	arg2	effect					978:983	a significant effect	964:983	a significant effect	964:983	These results indicated that C2H5ONa is a promising alkali to pretreat SCB and the synergism between cellulases and xylanase has a significant effect on enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated SCB.
27035479	0	44	theme	enzymatic	69:77	arg1	hydrolysis					79:88	enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis	60:88	enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse	60:109	Comparative study of different alcoholate pretreatments for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.
27035479	4	45	theme	21g/L	744:748	arg1	rates					765:769	conversion rates	754:769	conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively	754:832	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
27035479	4	45	theme	21g/L	744:748	arg1	production					730:739	sugar production	724:739	sugar production of 21g/L	724:748	Hydrolysis of SCB with cellulases and xylanase at a ratio of 4:1 showed the strongest synergism with reducing sugar production of 21g/L and conversion rates of cellulose and xylan reaching 110.4% and 94.5%, respectively.
26638483	1	0	theme	agar	199:202	arg1	media					204:208	7 agar media	197:208	7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar)	197:281	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	9	1	theme	different	1480:1488	arg1	species					1490:1496	different species	1480:1496	different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation	1480:1539	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	6	2	theme	growth	1092:1097	arg1	rate					1099:1102	High growth rate	1087:1102	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.	1087:1205	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	7	3	theme	plants	1247:1252	arg1	colonization					1231:1242	the rapid colonization	1221:1242	the rapid colonization of plants	1221:1252	provides them the rapid colonization of plants.
26638483	1	4	theme	apple	373:377	arg1	polymers					313:320	plant polymers	307:320	plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin)	307:385	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	4	theme	apple	373:377	arg1	pectin					379:384	apple pectin	373:384	apple pectin	373:384	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	4	5	theme	plant	937:941	arg1	ones					952:955	plant polymers ones	937:955	plant polymers ones	937:955	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	6	6	theme	Alternaria	1165:1174	arg1	alternata					1176:1184	Alternaria alternata	1165:1184	Alternaria alternata	1165:1184	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	5	7	theme	agar	1044:1047	arg1	media					1049:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	1	8	theme	ecological	164:173	arg1	niches					175:180	different ecological niches	154:180	different ecological niches	154:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	9	from	niches	175:180	arg1	species					125:131	6 species	123:131	(K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches	104:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	9	from	niches	175:180	arg1	micromycetes					136:147	micromycetes	136:147	micromycetes from different ecological niches	136:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	10	theme	plant	307:311	arg1	polymers					313:320	plant polymers	307:320	plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin)	307:385	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	10	theme	plant	307:311	arg1	pectin					379:384	apple pectin	373:384	apple pectin	373:384	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	10	theme	plant	307:311	arg1	xylan					347:351	xylan	347:351	xylan	347:351	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	10	theme	plant	307:311	arg1	starch					362:367	soluble starch	354:367	soluble starch	354:367	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	10	theme	plant	307:311	arg1	carboxymethylcellulose					323:344	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	2	11	theme	species	455:461	arg1	biotrophs					429:437	biotrophs	429:437	biotrophs	429:437	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	11	theme	species	455:461	arg1	strains					420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	388:426	strains	420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	9	12	theme	endophytic	1397:1406	arg1	sterilia					1431:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	6	13	theme	pathogenic	1128:1137	arg1	strains					1139:1145	endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	1107:1145	endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	1107:1145	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	1	14	from	species	125:131	arg1	niches					175:180	different ecological niches	154:180	different ecological niches	154:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	2	15	dep	K	579:579	arg1	groups					598:603	these two groups	588:603	these two groups	588:603	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	15	dep	K	579:579	arg1	same					614:617	same	614:617	same	614:617	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	0	16	theme	AGAR	60:63	arg1	MEDIA					74:78	AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	60:78	AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	60:78	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	5	17	theme	Growth	958:963	arg1	parameters					965:974	Growth parameters	958:974	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media	958:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	9	18	theme	wide	1365:1368	arg1	range					1370:1374	A wide range	1363:1374	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1363:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	8	19	theme	endophytic	1335:1344	arg1	symbionts					1352:1360	endophytic plant symbionts	1335:1360	endophytic plant symbionts	1335:1360	Penicillium funiculosum strains equally can exist as saprophytes in soil and as endophytic plant symbionts.
26638483	3	20	theme	average	717:723	arg1	0,169					738:742	0,169 mm/h	738:747	0,169 mm/h	738:747	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	3	20	theme	average	717:723	arg1	rate					732:735	the lowest average growth rate	706:735	the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h)	706:748	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	0	21	from	[GROWTH	0:6	arg1	MEDIA					74:78	AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	60:78	AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	60:78	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	0	21	from	[GROWTH	0:6	arg1	NICHES					50:55	DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	29:55	DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	29:55	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	6	22	theme	sp	1203:1204	arg1	rate					1099:1102	High growth rate	1087:1102	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.	1087:1205	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	2	23	theme	pathogenic	409:418	arg1	biotrophs					429:437	biotrophs	429:437	biotrophs	429:437	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	23	theme	pathogenic	409:418	arg1	strains					420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	388:426	strains	420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	0	24	from	NICHES	50:55	arg1	MICROMYCETES					11:22	MICROMYCETES	11:22	MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	11:55	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	0	24	from	NICHES	50:55	arg1	[GROWTH					0:6	[GROWTH	0:6	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	0:78	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	2	25	theme	nutrient	520:527	arg1	media					529:533	nutrient media	520:533	nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively)	520:654	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	4	26	theme	studied	862:868	arg1	fungi					882:886	studied microscopic fungi	862:886	studied microscopic fungi	862:886	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	1	27	theme	Radial	82:87	arg1	rate					96:99	Radial growth rate	82:99	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches	82:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	28	with	media	296:300	arg1	polymers					313:320	plant polymers	307:320	plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin)	307:385	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	28	with	media	296:300	arg1	pectin					379:384	apple pectin	373:384	apple pectin	373:384	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	28	with	media	296:300	arg1	xylan					347:351	xylan	347:351	xylan	347:351	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	28	with	media	296:300	arg1	starch					362:367	soluble starch	354:367	soluble starch	354:367	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	28	with	media	296:300	arg1	carboxymethylcellulose					323:344	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	4	29	theme	fungi	882:886	arg1	rates					853:857	the radial growth rates	835:857	the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi	835:886	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	2	30	theme	composition--average	548:567	arg1	values					569:574	different composition--average values	538:574	different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively)	538:654	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	0	31	theme	MICROMYCETES	11:22	arg1	[GROWTH					0:6	[GROWTH	0:6	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	0:78	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	5	32	theme	species	1025:1031	arg1	pathogens					1000:1008	plant pathogens	994:1008	plant pathogens	994:1008	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	5	32	theme	species	1025:1031	arg1	endophytes					979:988	endophytes	979:988	endophytes	979:988	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	9	33	theme	dark	1408:1411	arg1	sterilia					1431:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	4	34	theme	radial	839:844	arg1	rates					853:857	the radial growth rates	835:857	the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi	835:886	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	5	35	from	endophytes	979:988	arg1	media					1049:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	1	36	theme	extract	232:238	arg1	agar					240:243	malt extract agar	227:243	malt extract agar	227:243	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	36	theme	extract	232:238	arg1	agar					262:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	36	theme	extract	232:238	arg1	agar					277:280	Czapek's agar	268:280	Czapek's agar	268:280	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	0	37	theme	DIFFERENT	29:37	arg1	NICHES					50:55	DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	29:55	DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	29:55	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	9	38	theme	Mycelia	1423:1429	arg1	sterilia					1431:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	3	39	theme	plant	801:805	arg1	ones					818:821	the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones	782:821	ones	818:821	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	4	40	theme	rates	853:857	arg1	Average					824:830	Average	824:830	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi	824:886	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	1	41	dep	strains	115:121	arg1	K					105:105	K	105:105	K(r)	105:108	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	41	dep	strains	115:121	arg1	species					125:131	6 species	123:131	(K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches	104:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	41	dep	strains	115:121	arg1	r					107:107	r	107:107	r	107:107	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	5	42	from	parameters	965:974	arg1	media					1049:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	5	43	theme	pathogens	1000:1008	arg1	parameters					965:974	Growth parameters	958:974	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media	958:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	8	44	theme	funiculosum	1267:1277	arg1	strains					1279:1285	Penicillium funiculosum strains	1255:1285	Penicillium funiculosum strains	1255:1285	Penicillium funiculosum strains equally can exist as saprophytes in soil and as endophytic plant symbionts.
26638483	2	45	dep	same	614:617	arg1	0,199					630:634	0,199	630:634	0,199	630:634	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	45	dep	same	614:617	arg1	0,200					620:624	0,200	620:624	0,200	620:624	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	5	46	theme	soil	1073:1076	arg1	strains					1078:1084	the soil strains	1069:1084	the soil strains	1069:1084	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	2	47	dep	0,200	620:624	arg1	mm/h					636:639	mm/h	636:639	mm/h	636:639	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	5	48	from	pathogens	1000:1008	arg1	media					1049:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	5	49	theme	various	1036:1042	arg1	media					1049:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	various agar media	1036:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	4	50	theme	standard	903:910	arg1	media					921:925	standard nutrient media	903:925	standard nutrient media	903:925	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	6	51	theme	endophytic	1107:1116	arg1	strains					1139:1145	endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	1107:1145	endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	1107:1145	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	9	52	theme	species	1490:1496	arg1	presence					1454:1461	the presence	1450:1461	the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation	1450:1539	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	1	53	dep	polymers	313:320	arg1	polymers					313:320	plant polymers	307:320	plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin)	307:385	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	53	dep	polymers	313:320	arg1	pectin					379:384	apple pectin	373:384	apple pectin	373:384	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	53	dep	polymers	313:320	arg1	xylan					347:351	xylan	347:351	xylan	347:351	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	53	dep	polymers	313:320	arg1	starch					362:367	soluble starch	354:367	soluble starch	354:367	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	53	dep	polymers	313:320	arg1	carboxymethylcellulose					323:344	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	carboxymethylcellulose	323:344	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	54	theme	soluble	354:360	arg1	polymers					313:320	plant polymers	307:320	plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin)	307:385	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	54	theme	soluble	354:360	arg1	starch					362:367	soluble starch	354:367	soluble starch	354:367	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	55	theme	strains	115:121	arg1	rate					96:99	Radial growth rate	82:99	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches	82:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	9	56	theme	micromycetes	1501:1512	arg1	species					1490:1496	different species	1480:1496	different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation	1480:1539	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	6	57	theme	High	1087:1090	arg1	rate					1099:1102	High growth rate	1087:1102	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.	1087:1205	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	4	58	theme	polymers	943:950	arg1	ones					952:955	plant polymers ones	937:955	plant polymers ones	937:955	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	5	59	from	media	1049:1053	arg1	parameters					965:974	Growth parameters	958:974	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media	958:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	1	60	theme	micromycetes	136:147	arg1	species					125:131	6 species	123:131	(K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches	104:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	9	61	attach	presence	1454:1461	arg1	group					1471:1475	this group	1466:1475	this group	1466:1475	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	9	61	attach	presence	1454:1461	arg2	species					1490:1496	different species	1480:1496	different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation	1480:1539	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	1	62	theme	agar	291:294	arg1	media					296:300	agar media	291:300	agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin)	291:385	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	6	63	theme	plant	1122:1126	arg1	strains					1139:1145	endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	1107:1145	endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	1107:1145	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	1	64	theme	different	154:162	arg1	niches					175:180	different ecological niches	154:180	different ecological niches	154:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	7	65	theme	rapid	1225:1229	arg1	colonization					1231:1242	the rapid colonization	1221:1242	the rapid colonization of plants	1221:1252	provides them the rapid colonization of plants.
26638483	6	66	theme	Fusarium	1150:1157	arg1	poae					1159:1162	Fusarium poae	1150:1162	Fusarium poae	1150:1162	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	1	67	dep	standard	217:224	arg1	agar					240:243	malt extract agar	227:243	malt extract agar	227:243	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	67	dep	standard	217:224	arg1	agar					262:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	67	dep	standard	217:224	arg1	agar					277:280	Czapek's agar	268:280	Czapek's agar	268:280	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	6	68	theme	alternata	1176:1184	arg1	rate					1099:1102	High growth rate	1087:1102	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.	1087:1205	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	1	69	dep	media	204:208	arg1	standard					217:224	standard	217:224	standard	217:224	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	6	70	theme	strains	1139:1145	arg1	rate					1099:1102	High growth rate	1087:1102	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.	1087:1205	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	3	71	theme	lowest	710:715	arg1	0,169					738:742	0,169 mm/h	738:747	0,169 mm/h	738:747	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	3	71	theme	lowest	710:715	arg1	rate					732:735	the lowest average growth rate	706:735	the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h)	706:748	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	2	72	theme	studied	447:453	arg1	species					455:461	all studied species	443:461	all studied species	443:461	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	3	73	theme	Soil	657:660	arg1	saprophytes					676:686	saprophytes	676:686	saprophytes	676:686	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	3	73	theme	Soil	657:660	arg1	micromycetes					662:673	Soil micromycetes	657:673	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h)	657:748	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	0	74	theme	NUTRIENT	65:72	arg1	MEDIA					74:78	AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	60:78	AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA	60:78	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	2	75	theme	Endophytic	388:397	arg1	biotrophs					429:437	biotrophs	429:437	biotrophs	429:437	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	75	theme	Endophytic	388:397	arg1	strains					420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	388:426	strains	420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	8	76	theme	plant	1346:1350	arg1	symbionts					1352:1360	endophytic plant symbionts	1335:1360	endophytic plant symbionts	1335:1360	Penicillium funiculosum strains equally can exist as saprophytes in soil and as endophytic plant symbionts.
26638483	2	77	theme	different	538:546	arg1	values					569:574	different composition--average values	538:574	different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively)	538:654	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	5	78	theme	endophytes	979:988	arg1	parameters					965:974	Growth parameters	958:974	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media	958:1053	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	9	79	theme	K	1379:1379	arg1	variation					1384:1392	K(r) variation	1379:1392	K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1379:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	3	80	theme	growth	725:730	arg1	0,169					738:742	0,169 mm/h	738:747	0,169 mm/h	738:747	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	3	80	theme	growth	725:730	arg1	rate					732:735	the lowest average growth rate	706:735	the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h)	706:748	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	6	81	theme	Ceratocystis	1190:1201	arg1	sp					1203:1204	Ceratocystis sp	1190:1204	Ceratocystis sp	1190:1204	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	2	82	theme	plant	403:407	arg1	biotrophs					429:437	biotrophs	429:437	biotrophs	429:437	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	82	theme	plant	403:407	arg1	strains					420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains	388:426	strains	420:426	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	2	83	theme	K	579:579	arg1	values					569:574	different composition--average values	538:574	different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively)	538:654	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	9	84	theme	variation	1384:1392	arg1	range					1370:1374	A wide range	1363:1374	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1363:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	9	85	from	presence	1454:1461	arg1	group					1471:1475	this group	1466:1475	this group	1466:1475	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	2	86	theme	values	569:574	arg1	media					529:533	nutrient media	520:533	nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively)	520:654	Endophytic and plant pathogenic strains (biotrophs) of all studied species did not differ significantly in their ability to grow on nutrient media of different composition--average values of K(r) for these two groups were the same (0,200 and 0,199 mm/h, respectively).
26638483	5	87	theme	studied	1017:1023	arg1	species					1025:1031	all studied species	1013:1031	all studied species	1013:1031	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	1	88	theme	growth	89:94	arg1	rate					96:99	Radial growth rate	82:99	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches	82:180	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	4	89	theme	microscopic	870:880	arg1	fungi					882:886	studied microscopic fungi	862:886	studied microscopic fungi	862:886	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	0	90	theme	ECOLOGICAL	39:48	arg1	NICHES					50:55	DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	29:55	DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES	29:55	[GROWTH OF MICROMYCETES FROM DIFFERENT ECOLOGICAL NICHES ON AGAR NUTRIENT MEDIA].
26638483	1	91	theme	malt	227:230	arg1	agar					240:243	malt extract agar	227:243	malt extract agar	227:243	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	91	theme	malt	227:230	arg1	agar					262:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	91	theme	malt	227:230	arg1	agar					277:280	Czapek's agar	268:280	Czapek's agar	268:280	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	9	92	theme	pigmented	1413:1421	arg1	sterilia					1431:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1397:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	5	93	theme	plant	994:998	arg1	pathogens					1000:1008	plant pathogens	994:1008	plant pathogens	994:1008	Growth parameters of endophytes and plant pathogens of all studied species on various agar media differed from the soil strains.
26638483	9	94	theme	sterilia	1431:1438	arg1	variation					1384:1392	K(r) variation	1379:1392	K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia	1379:1438	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	3	95	theme	pathogenic	807:816	arg1	ones					818:821	the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones	782:821	ones	818:821	Soil micromycetes (saprophytes) characterized by the lowest average growth rate (0,169 mm/h) and significantly differed from the endophytic and plant pathogenic ones.
26638483	4	96	theme	growth	846:851	arg1	rates					853:857	the radial growth rates	835:857	the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi	835:886	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	1	97	theme	potato-dextrose	246:260	arg1	agar					240:243	malt extract agar	227:243	malt extract agar	227:243	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	1	97	theme	potato-dextrose	246:260	arg1	agar					262:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	potato-dextrose agar	246:265	Radial growth rate of (K(r)) 153 strains 6 species of micromycetes from different ecological niches was studied on 7 agar media: three standard (malt extract agar, potato-dextrose agar, Czapek's agar), and on agar media with plant polymers (carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, soluble starch and apple pectin).
26638483	4	98	theme	nutrient	912:919	arg1	media					921:925	standard nutrient media	903:925	standard nutrient media	903:925	Average of the radial growth rates of studied microscopic fungi were higher on standard nutrient media than with plant polymers ones.
26638483	6	99	theme	poae	1159:1162	arg1	rate					1099:1102	High growth rate	1087:1102	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.	1087:1205	High growth rate of endophytic and plant pathogenic strains of Fusarium poae, Alternaria alternata and Ceratocystis sp.
26638483	8	100	theme	Penicillium	1255:1265	arg1	strains					1279:1285	Penicillium funiculosum strains	1255:1285	Penicillium funiculosum strains	1255:1285	Penicillium funiculosum strains equally can exist as saprophytes in soil and as endophytic plant symbionts.
26638483	9	101	contain	have	1521:1524	arg1	micromycetes					1501:1512	micromycetes	1501:1512	micromycetes	1501:1512	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26638483	9	101	contain	have	1521:1524	arg2	sporulation					1529:1539	no sporulation	1526:1539	no sporulation	1526:1539	A wide range of K(r) variation of endophytic dark pigmented Mycelia sterilia indicates the presence in this group of different species of micromycetes, which have no sporulation.
26220184	6	0	theme	particle	871:878	arg1	fraction					880:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	1	1	theme	capsule-based	145:157	arg1	inhalers					170:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	6	2	theme	fine	866:869	arg1	fraction					880:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	1	3	theme	dry	159:161	arg1	inhalers					170:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	8	4	theme	interpretative	1337:1350	arg1	value					1352:1356	the interpretative value	1333:1356	the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1333:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	0	5	theme	Sulphate	95:102	arg1	Powders					108:114	Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders	84:114	Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders	84:114	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	6	6	theme	greater	858:864	arg1	fraction					880:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	7	7	theme	SS	1045:1046	arg1	formulations					1048:1059	'matched' SX and SS formulations	1028:1059	formulations	1048:1059	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	8	8	theme	data	1392:1395	arg1	value					1352:1356	the interpretative value	1333:1356	the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1333:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	3	9	theme	different	499:507	arg1	levels					509:514	different levels	499:514	different levels of fine lactose	499:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	3	10	theme	fine	519:522	arg1	lactose					524:530	fine lactose	519:530	fine lactose	519:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	0	11	theme	Salbutamol	84:93	arg1	Powders					108:114	Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders	84:114	Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders	84:114	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	7	12	theme	formulations	1048:1059	arg1	comparison					1014:1023	A head-to-head comparison	999:1023	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices	999:1104	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	7	13	theme	same	1087:1090	arg1	devices					1098:1104	the same three devices	1083:1104	the same three devices	1083:1104	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	3	14	used	used	384:387	arg2	design					373:378	A 3(2) factorial design	356:378	A 3(2) factorial design	356:378	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	8	15	dep	force	1463:1467	arg1	even					1429:1432	even	1429:1432	even	1429:1432	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	0	16	theme	Powders	108:114	arg1	Performance					69:79	the In Vitro Performance	56:79	the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation	56:129	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	7	17	theme	SX	1038:1039	arg1	comparison					1014:1023	A head-to-head comparison	999:1023	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices	999:1104	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	7	18	theme	pharmaceutical	1264:1277	arg1	ingredient					1279:1288	the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1253:1288	the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1253:1288	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	1	19	theme	powder	163:168	arg1	inhalers					170:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	0	20	theme	Dry	104:106	arg1	Powders					108:114	Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders	84:114	Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders	84:114	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	5	21	theme	lactose	751:757	arg1	grade					742:746	the grade	738:746	the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX	738:846	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	4	22	dep	Handihaler	641:650	arg1	devices					666:672	devices	666:672	devices	666:672	These formulations were tested for homogeneity and evaluated for their in vitro deposition using Aeroliser, Handihaler and Rotahaler devices.
26220184	1	23	theme	inhalers	170:177	arg1	inhalers					170:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	1	23	theme	inhalers	170:177	arg1	variety					134:140	A variety	132:140	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers	132:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	5	24	theme	fine	773:776	arg1	lactose					778:784	fine lactose	773:784	fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX	773:846	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	8	25	theme	performance	1380:1390	arg1	data					1392:1395	published in vitro performance data	1361:1395	published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1361:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	8	25	theme	performance	1380:1390	arg1	force					1463:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	7	26	theme	matched	1029:1035	arg1	SX					1038:1039	'matched' SX and SS formulations	1028:1059	SX	1038:1039	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	8	27	dep	in	1371:1372	arg1	vitro					1374:1378	vitro	1374:1378	vitro	1374:1378	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	2	28	theme	published	310:318	arg1	data					320:323	published data	310:323	published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX)	310:353	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	7	29	theme	ingredient	1279:1288	arg1	deposition					1200:1209	the in vitro deposition	1187:1209	the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends	1187:1232	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	7	29	theme	ingredient	1279:1288	arg1	identity					1241:1248	the identity	1237:1248	the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1237:1288	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	5	30	theme	lactose	778:784	arg1	amount					763:768	amount	763:768	amount	763:768	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	5	30	theme	lactose	778:784	arg1	lactose					778:784	fine lactose	773:784	fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX	773:846	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	5	30	theme	lactose	778:784	arg1	lactose					751:757	lactose	751:757	lactose	751:757	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	8	31	theme	equivalent	1437:1446	arg1	data					1392:1395	published in vitro performance data	1361:1395	published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1361:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	8	31	theme	equivalent	1437:1446	arg1	force					1463:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	7	32	dep	in	1191:1192	arg1	vitro					1194:1198	vitro	1194:1198	vitro	1194:1198	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	6	33	theme	comparable	913:922	arg1	formulations					924:935	the comparable formulations	909:935	the comparable formulations	909:935	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	8	34	theme	different	1505:1513	arg1	device					1515:1520	a different device	1503:1520	a different device	1503:1520	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	6	35	theme	drugs	992:996	arg1	cohesiveness					972:983	the different cohesiveness	958:983	the different cohesiveness of the drugs	958:996	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	3	36	theme	SS	413:414	arg1	formulations					416:427	SS formulations	413:427	SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	413:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	0	37	theme	Formulation	15:25	arg1	Interaction					0:10	Interaction	0:10	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors	0:44	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	8	38	theme	single	1414:1419	arg1	device					1421:1426	a single device	1412:1426	a single device	1412:1426	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	0	39	dep	In	60:61	arg1	Vitro					63:67	Vitro	63:67	Vitro	63:67	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	3	40	theme	formulations	416:427	arg1	effect					403:408	the effect	399:408	the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	399:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	0	41	theme	Factors	38:44	arg1	Interaction					0:10	Interaction	0:10	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors	0:44	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	8	42	dep	generated	1397:1405	arg1	data					1392:1395	published in vitro performance data	1361:1395	published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1361:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	8	42	dep	generated	1397:1405	arg1	force					1463:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	7	43	theme	head-to-head	1001:1012	arg1	comparison					1014:1023	A head-to-head comparison	999:1023	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices	999:1104	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	5	44	theme	same	807:810	arg1	compositions					819:830	the same powder compositions	803:830	the same powder compositions blended with SX	803:846	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	8	45	theme	published	1361:1369	arg1	data					1392:1395	published in vitro performance data	1361:1395	published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1361:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	8	45	theme	published	1361:1369	arg1	force					1463:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	1	46	theme	formulation-device	201:218	arg1	interaction					220:230	formulation-device interaction	201:230	formulation-device interaction	201:230	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	0	47	theme	Device	31:36	arg1	Factors					38:44	Device Factors	31:44	Device Factors	31:44	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	3	48	with	formulations	416:427	arg1	blends					440:445	three blends	434:445	three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	434:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	6	49	contain	had	852:854	arg2	fraction					880:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	a greater fine particle fraction	856:887	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	6	49	contain	had	852:854	arg1	SX					849:850	SX	849:850	SX	849:850	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	2	50	theme	in	237:238	arg1	deposition					246:255	The in vitro deposition	233:255	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS)	233:283	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	5	51	theme	powder	812:817	arg1	compositions					819:830	the same powder compositions	803:830	the same powder compositions blended with SX	803:846	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	2	52	dep	in	237:238	arg1	vitro					240:244	vitro	240:244	vitro	240:244	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	5	53	theme	amount	763:768	arg1	grade					742:746	the grade	738:746	the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX	738:846	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	3	54	theme	different	450:458	arg1	lactose					473:479	different grade coarse lactose	450:479	different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	450:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	7	55	theme	in	1191:1192	arg1	deposition					1200:1209	the in vitro deposition	1187:1209	the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends	1187:1232	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	7	55	theme	in	1191:1192	arg1	identity					1241:1248	the identity	1237:1248	the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1237:1288	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	3	56	theme	factorial	363:371	arg1	design					373:378	A 3(2) factorial design	356:378	A 3(2) factorial design	356:378	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	8	57	theme	in	1371:1372	arg1	data					1392:1395	published in vitro performance data	1361:1395	published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1361:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	8	57	theme	in	1371:1372	arg1	force					1463:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	3	58	theme	grade	460:464	arg1	lactose					473:479	different grade coarse lactose	450:479	different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	450:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	2	59	theme	salmeterol	329:338	arg1	SX					351:352	SX	351:352	SX	351:352	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	2	59	theme	salmeterol	329:338	arg1	xinafoate					340:348	salmeterol xinafoate	329:348	salmeterol xinafoate (SX)	329:353	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	3	60	theme	lactose	524:530	arg1	levels					509:514	different levels	499:514	different levels of fine lactose	499:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	2	61	theme	sulphate	271:278	arg1	deposition					246:255	The in vitro deposition	233:255	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS)	233:283	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	1	62	used	used	184:187	arg2	variety					134:140	A variety	132:140	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers	132:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	1	62	used	used	184:187	arg2	inhalers					170:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	capsule-based dry powder inhalers	145:177	A variety of capsule-based dry powder inhalers were used to evaluate formulation-device interaction.
26220184	4	63	dep	in	604:605	arg1	vitro					607:611	vitro	607:611	vitro	607:611	These formulations were tested for homogeneity and evaluated for their in vitro deposition using Aeroliser, Handihaler and Rotahaler devices.
26220184	7	64	theme	blends	1227:1232	arg1	deposition					1200:1209	the in vitro deposition	1187:1209	the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends	1187:1232	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	7	64	theme	blends	1227:1232	arg1	identity					1241:1248	the identity	1237:1248	the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1237:1288	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	8	65	theme	value	1352:1356	arg1	limitations					1318:1328	the limitations	1314:1328	the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1314:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	5	66	theme	formulations	709:720	arg1	performance					679:689	The performance	675:689	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations	675:720	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
26220184	8	67	theme	aerosolisation	1448:1461	arg1	data					1392:1395	published in vitro performance data	1361:1395	published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force)	1361:1468	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	8	67	theme	aerosolisation	1448:1461	arg1	force					1463:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	equivalent aerosolisation force	1437:1467	This work has revealed the limitations of the interpretative value of published in vitro performance data generated with a single device (even at equivalent aerosolisation force), when designing formulations for a different device.
26220184	2	68	theme	salbutamol	260:269	arg1	SS					281:282	SS	281:282	SS	281:282	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	2	68	theme	salbutamol	260:269	arg1	sulphate					271:278	salbutamol sulphate	260:278	salbutamol sulphate (SS)	260:283	The in vitro deposition of salbutamol sulphate (SS) was compared directly to published data for salmeterol xinafoate (SX).
26220184	7	69	theme	drug-lactose	1214:1225	arg1	blends					1227:1232	drug-lactose blends	1214:1232	drug-lactose blends	1214:1232	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	4	70	theme	in	604:605	arg1	deposition					613:622	their in vitro deposition	598:622	their in vitro deposition using Aeroliser, Handihaler and Rotahaler devices	598:672	These formulations were tested for homogeneity and evaluated for their in vitro deposition using Aeroliser, Handihaler and Rotahaler devices.
26220184	7	71	theme	active	1257:1262	arg1	ingredient					1279:1288	the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1253:1288	the active pharmaceutical ingredient	1253:1288	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	3	72	theme	coarse	466:471	arg1	lactose					473:479	different grade coarse lactose	450:479	different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	450:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	6	73	theme	different	962:970	arg1	cohesiveness					972:983	the different cohesiveness	958:983	the different cohesiveness of the drugs	958:996	SX had a greater fine particle fraction than SS for most of the comparable formulations, probably because of the different cohesiveness of the drugs.
26220184	0	74	theme	In	60:61	arg1	Performance					69:79	the In Vitro Performance	56:79	the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation	56:129	Interaction of Formulation and Device Factors Determine the In Vitro Performance of Salbutamol Sulphate Dry Powders for Inhalation.
26220184	3	75	theme	lactose	473:479	arg1	blends					440:445	three blends	434:445	three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose	434:530	A 3(2) factorial design was used to assess the effect of SS formulations with three blends of different grade coarse lactose supplemented with different levels of fine lactose.
26220184	7	76	theme	formulation-device	1124:1141	arg1	interactions					1143:1154	formulation-device interactions	1124:1154	formulation-device interactions	1124:1154	A head-to-head comparison of 'matched' SX and SS formulations when aerosolised from the same three devices demonstrated that formulation-device interactions are as critical in determining the in vitro deposition of drug-lactose blends as the identity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient.
26220184	5	77	theme	SS-lactose	698:707	arg1	formulations					709:720	the SS-lactose formulations	694:720	the SS-lactose formulations	694:720	The performance of the SS-lactose formulations differed across the grade of lactose and amount of fine lactose used compared to the same powder compositions blended with SX.
25364253	0	0	theme	pEGFP-loaded	72:83	arg1	particles					132:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	5	1	theme	in	816:817	arg1	transfection					824:835	in vivo transfection	816:835	in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP	816:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	1	2	theme	complex	303:309	arg1	coacervation					311:322	complex coacervation	303:322	complex coacervation method	303:329	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	8	3	theme	gene	1226:1229	arg1	particles					1185:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	8	3	theme	gene	1226:1229	arg1	vector					1231:1236	a gene vector	1224:1236	a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection	1224:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	5	4	from	transfection	824:835	arg1	cells					805:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	5	4	from	transfection	824:835	arg1	muscle					854:859	mice skeletal muscle	840:859	mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP	840:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	8	5	theme	in	1242:1243	arg1	transfection					1266:1277	in vivo controlled gene transfection	1242:1277	in vivo controlled gene transfection	1242:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	3	6	theme	TACS-HBC	487:494	arg1	particles					506:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	1	7	theme	coacervation	311:322	arg1	method					324:329	complex coacervation method	303:329	complex coacervation method	303:329	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	0	8	theme	chitosan-based	107:120	arg1	particles					132:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	2	9	theme	pEGFP-loaded	345:356	arg1	TACS					390:393	TACS	390:393	TACS	390:393	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	9	theme	pEGFP-loaded	345:356	arg1	chitosan					380:387	pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan	345:387	pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS)	345:394	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	9	theme	pEGFP-loaded	345:356	arg1	core					336:339	The core	332:339	The core	332:339	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	0	10	theme	core-shell-structured	85:105	arg1	particles					132:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	6	11	theme	pEGFP	942:946	arg1	slow					980:983	slow	980:983	slow	980:983	Results showed that the expression of loaded pEGFP, both in vitro and in vivo, was slow but could be sustained over a long period.
25364253	6	11	theme	pEGFP	942:946	arg1	expression					921:930	the expression	917:930	the expression of loaded pEGFP	917:946	Results showed that the expression of loaded pEGFP, both in vitro and in vivo, was slow but could be sustained over a long period.
25364253	5	12	theme	in	724:725	arg1	transfection					733:744	in vitro transfection	724:744	in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	724:809	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	3	13	theme	transmission	596:607	arg1	microscopy					618:627	transmission electron microscopy	596:627	transmission electron microscopy	596:627	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	3	14	theme	mean	542:545	arg1	diameter					547:554	a mean diameter	540:554	a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm	540:578	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	0	15	theme	particles	132:140	arg1	behavior					22:29	The sustained-release behavior	0:29	The sustained-release behavior	0:29	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	0	15	theme	particles	132:140	arg1	transfection					56:67	in vitro and in vivo transfection	35:67	in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	35:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	6	16	theme	loaded	935:940	arg1	pEGFP					942:946	loaded pEGFP	935:946	loaded pEGFP	935:946	Results showed that the expression of loaded pEGFP, both in vitro and in vivo, was slow but could be sustained over a long period.
25364253	1	17	theme	green	243:247	arg1	protein					261:267	enhanced green fluorescent protein	234:267	enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	234:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	8	18	theme	gene	1261:1264	arg1	transfection					1266:1277	in vivo controlled gene transfection	1242:1277	in vivo controlled gene transfection	1242:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	0	19	theme	composite	122:130	arg1	particles					132:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	72:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	3	20	theme	composite	496:504	arg1	particles					506:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	1	21	theme	enhanced	234:241	arg1	protein					261:267	enhanced green fluorescent protein	234:267	enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	234:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	0	22	theme	sustained-release	4:20	arg1	behavior					22:29	The sustained-release behavior	0:29	The sustained-release behavior	0:29	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	8	23	theme	chitosan-based	1160:1173	arg1	vector					1231:1236	a gene vector	1224:1236	a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection	1224:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	8	23	theme	chitosan-based	1160:1173	arg1	particles					1185:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	7	24	theme	skeletal	1053:1060	arg1	muscle					1062:1067	mice skeletal muscle	1048:1067	mice skeletal muscle	1048:1067	pEGFP expression in mice skeletal muscle was sustained for >60 days.
25364253	2	25	theme	hydroxybutyl	445:456	arg1	chitosan					458:465	temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan	422:465	temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC)	422:471	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	25	theme	hydroxybutyl	445:456	arg1	HBC					468:470	HBC	468:470	HBC	468:470	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	5	26	dep	in	724:725	arg1	vitro					727:731	vitro	727:731	vitro	727:731	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	3	27	theme	particle	633:640	arg1	analyzer					647:654	particle size analyzer	633:654	particle size analyzer	633:654	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	8	28	theme	composite	1175:1183	arg1	vector					1231:1236	a gene vector	1224:1236	a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection	1224:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	8	28	theme	composite	1175:1183	arg1	particles					1185:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	1	29	theme	fluorescent	249:259	arg1	protein					261:267	enhanced green fluorescent protein	234:267	enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	234:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	5	30	theme	loaded	864:869	arg1	pEGFP					871:875	loaded pEGFP	864:875	loaded pEGFP	864:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	5	31	theme	embryonic	755:763	arg1	kidney					765:770	human embryonic kidney 293T	749:775	human embryonic kidney 293T	749:775	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	2	32	theme	N-alkylated	368:378	arg1	TACS					390:393	TACS	390:393	TACS	390:393	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	32	theme	N-alkylated	368:378	arg1	chitosan					380:387	pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan	345:387	pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS)	345:394	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	32	theme	N-alkylated	368:378	arg1	core					336:339	The core	332:339	The core	332:339	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	1	33	theme	protein	261:267	arg1	plasmids					269:276	enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids	234:276	enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	234:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	1	33	theme	protein	261:267	arg1	pEGFP					279:283	pEGFP	279:283	pEGFP	279:283	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	5	34	theme	pEGFP	871:875	arg1	muscle					854:859	mice skeletal muscle	840:859	mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP	840:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	5	35	theme	kidney	765:770	arg1	cells					805:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	2	36	theme	thiolated	358:366	arg1	TACS					390:393	TACS	390:393	TACS	390:393	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	36	theme	thiolated	358:366	arg1	chitosan					380:387	pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan	345:387	pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS)	345:394	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	36	theme	thiolated	358:366	arg1	core					336:339	The core	332:339	The core	332:339	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	3	37	theme	nm	577:578	arg1	diameter					547:554	a mean diameter	540:554	a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm	540:578	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	8	38	used	used	1216:1219	arg2	particles					1185:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	8	38	used	used	1216:1219	arg2	vector					1231:1236	a gene vector	1224:1236	a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection	1224:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	0	39	dep	in	48:49	arg1	vivo					51:54	vivo	51:54	vivo	51:54	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	2	40	theme	temperature-responsive	422:443	arg1	chitosan					458:465	temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan	422:465	temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC)	422:471	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	2	40	theme	temperature-responsive	422:443	arg1	HBC					468:470	HBC	468:470	HBC	468:470	The core was pEGFP-loaded thiolated N-alkylated chitosan (TACS) and the shell was pH- and temperature-responsive hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC).
25364253	0	41	theme	in	35:36	arg1	transfection					56:67	in vitro and in vivo transfection	35:67	in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	35:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	3	42	theme	pEGFP-loaded	474:485	arg1	particles					506:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	3	43	contain	had	536:538	arg1	particles					506:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles	474:514	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	3	43	contain	had	536:538	arg2	diameter					547:554	a mean diameter	540:554	a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm	540:578	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	6	44	theme	long	1015:1018	arg1	period					1020:1025	a long period	1013:1025	a long period	1013:1025	Results showed that the expression of loaded pEGFP, both in vitro and in vivo, was slow but could be sustained over a long period.
25364253	0	45	theme	in	48:49	arg1	transfection					56:67	in vitro and in vivo transfection	35:67	in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	35:140	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	5	46	theme	human	781:785	arg1	cervix					787:792	human cervix	781:792	human cervix	781:792	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	7	47	theme	mice	1048:1051	arg1	muscle					1062:1067	mice skeletal muscle	1048:1067	mice skeletal muscle	1048:1067	pEGFP expression in mice skeletal muscle was sustained for >60 days.
25364253	8	48	theme	submicron	1128:1136	arg1	vector					1231:1236	a gene vector	1224:1236	a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection	1224:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	8	48	theme	submicron	1128:1136	arg1	particles					1185:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	3	49	theme	size	642:645	arg1	analyzer					647:654	particle size analyzer	633:654	particle size analyzer	633:654	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	7	50	theme	pEGFP	1028:1032	arg1	expression					1034:1043	pEGFP expression	1028:1043	pEGFP expression in mice skeletal muscle	1028:1067	pEGFP expression in mice skeletal muscle was sustained for >60 days.
25364253	5	51	theme	skeletal	845:852	arg1	muscle					854:859	mice skeletal muscle	840:859	mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP	840:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	5	52	dep	in	816:817	arg1	vivo					819:822	vivo	819:822	vivo	819:822	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	0	53	dep	in	35:36	arg1	vitro					38:42	vitro	38:42	vitro	38:42	The sustained-release behavior and in vitro and in vivo transfection of pEGFP-loaded core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles.
25364253	1	54	theme	Novel	143:147	arg1	particles					206:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	143:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	143:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	8	55	dep	in	1242:1243	arg1	vivo					1245:1248	vivo	1245:1248	vivo	1245:1248	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	1	56	theme	submicron	149:157	arg1	particles					206:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	143:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	143:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	3	57	theme	electron	609:616	arg1	microscopy					618:627	transmission electron microscopy	596:627	transmission electron microscopy	596:627	pEGFP-loaded TACS-HBC composite particles were spherical, and had a mean diameter of approximately 120 nm, as measured by transmission electron microscopy and particle size analyzer.
25364253	4	58	theme	sustained	670:678	arg1	release					680:686	sustained release	670:686	sustained release	670:686	pEGFP showed sustained release in vitro for >15 days.
25364253	5	59	theme	human	749:753	arg1	kidney					765:770	human embryonic kidney 293T	749:775	human embryonic kidney 293T	749:775	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	1	60	theme	core-shell-structured	159:179	arg1	particles					206:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	143:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	143:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	7	61	from	expression	1034:1043	arg1	muscle					1062:1067	mice skeletal muscle	1048:1067	mice skeletal muscle	1048:1067	pEGFP expression in mice skeletal muscle was sustained for >60 days.
25364253	8	62	theme	core-shell-structured	1138:1158	arg1	vector					1231:1236	a gene vector	1224:1236	a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection	1224:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	8	62	theme	core-shell-structured	1138:1158	arg1	particles					1185:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	1122:1193	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	5	63	theme	epithelial	794:803	arg1	cells					805:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	1	64	theme	chitosan-based	181:194	arg1	particles					206:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	143:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	143:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	8	65	theme	controlled	1250:1259	arg1	transfection					1266:1277	in vivo controlled gene transfection	1242:1277	in vivo controlled gene transfection	1242:1277	This work indicates that these submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles could potentially be used as a gene vector for in vivo controlled gene transfection.
25364253	5	66	theme	mice	840:843	arg1	muscle					854:859	mice skeletal muscle	840:859	mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP	840:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	5	67	from	transfection	733:744	arg1	cells					805:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	5	67	from	transfection	733:744	arg1	muscle					854:859	mice skeletal muscle	840:859	mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP	840:875	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
25364253	1	68	theme	composite	196:204	arg1	particles					206:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles	143:214	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP)	143:284	Novel submicron core-shell-structured chitosan-based composite particles encapsulated with enhanced green fluorescent protein plasmids (pEGFP) were prepared by complex coacervation method.
25364253	5	69	theme	cervix	787:792	arg1	cells					805:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells	749:809	Furthermore, in vitro transfection in human embryonic kidney 293T and human cervix epithelial cells, and in vivo transfection in mice skeletal muscle of loaded pEGFP, were investigated.
29174147	1	0	dep	starch	253:258	arg1	NDFD					266:269	NDFD	266:269	NDFD	266:269	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	0	dep	starch	253:258	arg1	StarchD					276:282	StarchD	276:282	StarchD	276:282	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	0	dep	starch	253:258	arg1	DMD					261:263	DMD	261:263	DMD	261:263	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	3	1	theme	±	526:526	arg1	kg					531:532	38 ± 10 kg	523:532	38 ± 10 kg of milk/d	523:542	On average, cows ate 23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d, weighed 669 ± 79 kg, and produced 38 ± 10 kg of milk/d.
29174147	15	2	theme	%	2058:2058	arg1	DM					2059:2060	53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2040:2060	DM	2059:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	3	theme	dry	212:214	arg1	matter					216:221	dry matter	212:221	dry matter	212:221	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	4	4	theme	±	636:636	arg1	%					641:641	17 ± 1.4%	633:641	17 ± 1.4% crude protein	633:655	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	15	5	theme	=	2217:2217	arg1	PC					2214:2215	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	5	theme	=	2217:2217	arg1	BW					2210:2211	1.13 × DMI%BW	2199:2211	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	8	6	theme	dry	1019:1021	arg1	matter					1023:1028	dry matter	1019:1028	dry matter	1019:1028	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	1	7	from	starch	253:258	arg1	cows					323:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	8	theme	dry	110:112	arg1	intake					121:126	dry matter intake	110:126	dry matter intake (DMI)	110:132	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	8	theme	dry	110:112	arg1	DMI					129:131	DMI	129:131	DMI	129:131	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	8	9	theme	effects	904:910	arg1	model					912:916	a mixed effects model	896:916	a mixed effects model	896:916	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	8	9	theme	effects	904:910	arg1	percentage					1070:1079	percentage	1070:1079	percentage of BW (DMI%BW)	1070:1094	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	3	10	theme	milk/d	537:542	arg1	kg					531:532	38 ± 10 kg	523:532	38 ± 10 kg of milk/d	523:542	On average, cows ate 23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d, weighed 669 ± 79 kg, and produced 38 ± 10 kg of milk/d.
29174147	15	11	theme	%	2094:2094	arg1	BW					2095:2096	3.06 × DMI%BW	2084:2096	3.06 × DMI%BW	2084:2096	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	12	12	theme	root	1564:1567	arg1	error					1581:1585	root mean square error	1564:1585	root mean square error	1564:1585	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	15	13	theme	%	2209:2209	arg1	PC					2214:2215	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	13	theme	%	2209:2209	arg1	BW					2210:2211	1.13 × DMI%BW	2199:2211	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	14	theme	starch	2186:2191	arg1	DM					2194:2195	0.12 × starch %DM	2179:2195	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	16	15	theme	Research	2432:2439	arg1	Council					2441:2447	National Research Council	2423:2447	National Research Council	2423:2447	Our results confirm that digestibility is reduced as DMI increases, albeit at a lower rate than that reported in National Research Council.
29174147	2	16	from	Ohio	420:423	arg1	cows					386:389	662 cows	382:389	662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	382:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	16	from	Ohio	420:423	arg1	studies					397:403	54 studies	394:403	54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	394:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	15	17	theme	×	2089:2089	arg1	BW					2095:2096	3.06 × DMI%BW	2084:2096	3.06 × DMI%BW	2084:2096	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	12	18	theme	square	1574:1579	arg1	error					1581:1585	root mean square error	1564:1585	root mean square error	1564:1585	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	15	19	theme	×	2204:2204	arg1	PC					2214:2215	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	19	theme	×	2204:2204	arg1	BW					2210:2211	1.13 × DMI%BW	2199:2211	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	8	20	theme	diet	929:932	arg1	composition					943:953	diet chemical composition	929:953	diet chemical composition	929:953	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	1	21	theme	matter	114:119	arg1	intake					121:126	dry matter intake	110:126	dry matter intake (DMI)	110:132	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	21	theme	matter	114:119	arg1	DMI					129:131	DMI	129:131	DMI	129:131	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	16	22	theme	National	2423:2430	arg1	Council					2441:2447	National Research Council	2423:2447	National Research Council	2423:2447	Our results confirm that digestibility is reduced as DMI increases, albeit at a lower rate than that reported in National Research Council.
29174147	9	23	theme	random	1207:1212	arg1	study					1184:1188	study	1184:1188	study	1184:1188	Cow, block, period, treatment, and study were included as random effects.
29174147	9	23	theme	random	1207:1212	arg1	period					1161:1166	period	1161:1166	period	1161:1166	Cow, block, period, treatment, and study were included as random effects.
29174147	9	23	theme	random	1207:1212	arg1	treatment					1169:1177	treatment	1169:1177	treatment	1169:1177	Cow, block, period, treatment, and study were included as random effects.
29174147	9	23	theme	random	1207:1212	arg1	Cow					1149:1151	Cow	1149:1151	Cow	1149:1151	Cow, block, period, treatment, and study were included as random effects.
29174147	9	23	theme	random	1207:1212	arg1	effects					1214:1220	random effects	1207:1220	random effects	1207:1220	Cow, block, period, treatment, and study were included as random effects.
29174147	9	23	theme	random	1207:1212	arg1	block					1154:1158	block	1154:1158	block	1154:1158	Cow, block, period, treatment, and study were included as random effects.
29174147	1	24	theme	dairy	317:321	arg1	cows					323:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	25	theme	characteristics	162:176	arg1	effects					99:105	the effects	95:105	the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	95:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	8	26	theme	BW	1084:1085	arg1	model					912:916	a mixed effects model	896:916	a mixed effects model	896:916	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	8	26	theme	BW	1084:1085	arg1	percentage					1070:1079	percentage	1070:1079	percentage of BW (DMI%BW)	1070:1094	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	1	27	from	digestibilities	193:207	arg1	cows					323:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	13	28	theme	digestibility	1657:1669	arg1	model					1764:1768	the best fitting model	1747:1768	the best fitting model	1747:1768	For each nutrient, the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP was determined to be the best fitting model.
29174147	13	28	theme	digestibility	1657:1669	arg1	model					1671:1675	the digestibility model	1653:1675	the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP	1653:1724	For each nutrient, the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP was determined to be the best fitting model.
29174147	5	29	theme	Digestibility	658:670	arg1	means					672:676	Digestibility means	658:676	Digestibility means	658:676	Digestibility means were 66 ± 6, 42 ± 11, and 93 ± 5% for DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively.
29174147	18	30	theme	best	2546:2549	arg1	predictions					2551:2561	the best predictions	2542:2561	the best predictions for NDFD and StarchD	2542:2582	Whereas DMD can be predicted based on DMI only, the best predictions for NDFD and StarchD require diet characteristics in addition to DMI.
29174147	8	31	theme	DMI	1088:1090	arg1	BW					1084:1085	BW	1084:1085	BW (DMI%BW)	1084:1094	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	8	31	theme	DMI	1088:1090	arg1	BW					1092:1093	DMI%BW	1088:1093	DMI%BW	1088:1093	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	15	32	theme	=	2231:2231	arg1	RMSEP					2225:2229	RMSEP = 4.77	2225:2236	RMSEP = 4.77	2225:2236	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	8	33	theme	corn	975:978	arg1	source					980:985	corn source	975:985	corn source	975:985	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	3	34	theme	matter/d	479:486	arg1	kg					469:470	23 ± 4.5 kg	460:470	23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d	460:486	On average, cows ate 23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d, weighed 669 ± 79 kg, and produced 38 ± 10 kg of milk/d.
29174147	15	35	theme	PC	2007:2008	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	35	theme	PC	2007:2008	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	0	36	from	digestibility	20:32	arg1	cows					58:61	high-producing dairy cows	37:61	high-producing dairy cows	37:61	Predicting nutrient digestibility in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	37	theme	DMI	1999:2001	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	37	theme	DMI	1999:2001	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	12	38	theme	predictive	1504:1513	arg1	coefficients					1527:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients	1490:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP)	1490:1607	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	15	39	theme	×	2050:2050	arg1	DM					2059:2060	53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2040:2060	DM	2059:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	40	theme	body	135:138	arg1	BW					148:149	BW	148:149	BW	148:149	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	1	40	theme	body	135:138	arg1	weight					140:145	body weight	135:145	body weight (BW)	135:150	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	4	41	theme	detergent	572:580	arg1	fiber					582:586	neutral detergent fiber	564:586	31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber	556:586	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	14	42	theme	location	1866:1873	arg1	factors					1875:1881	specific location factors	1857:1881	specific location factors	1857:1881	We observed heterogeneous coefficients among the different locations, suggesting that specific location factors influenced digestibilities.
29174147	1	43	from	cows	323:326	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	10	44	theme	candidate	1236:1244	arg1	models					1246:1251	Best fitting candidate models	1223:1251	Best fitting candidate models	1223:1251	Best fitting candidate models were generated using backward and stepwise regression methods.
29174147	15	45	theme	DMI	2107:2109	arg1	PC					2116:2117	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	45	theme	DMI	2107:2109	arg1	BW2					2111:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2	2100:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70)	2100:2139	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	0	46	theme	dairy	52:56	arg1	cows					58:61	high-producing dairy cows	37:61	high-producing dairy cows	37:61	Predicting nutrient digestibility in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	47	theme	=	2038:2038	arg1	NDFD					2033:2036	NDFD	2033:2036	NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2033:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	2	48	from	cows	386:389	arg1	Ohio					420:423	Ohio	420:423	Ohio	420:423	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	48	from	cows	386:389	arg1	Georgia					430:436	Georgia	430:436	Georgia	430:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	48	from	cows	386:389	arg1	observations					364:375	1,942 observations	358:375	1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	358:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	48	from	cows	386:389	arg1	studies					397:403	54 studies	394:403	54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	394:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	48	from	cows	386:389	arg1	Michigan					410:417	Michigan	410:417	Michigan	410:417	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	4	49	theme	±	559:559	arg1	%					562:562	31 ± 5%	556:562	31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber	556:586	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	10	50	theme	Best	1223:1226	arg1	models					1246:1251	Best fitting candidate models	1223:1251	Best fitting candidate models	1223:1251	Best fitting candidate models were generated using backward and stepwise regression methods.
29174147	1	51	theme	neutral	224:230	arg1	fiber					242:246	neutral detergent fiber	224:246	neutral detergent fiber	224:246	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	14	52	theme	different	1820:1828	arg1	locations					1830:1838	the different locations	1816:1838	the different locations	1816:1838	We observed heterogeneous coefficients among the different locations, suggesting that specific location factors influenced digestibilities.
29174147	1	53	theme	fiber	242:246	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	54	theme	highly-fermentable	2258:2275	arg1	source					2282:2287	highly-fermentable corn source	2258:2287	highly-fermentable corn source	2258:2287	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	18	55	theme	diet	2592:2595	arg1	characteristics					2597:2611	diet characteristics	2592:2611	diet characteristics in addition to DMI	2592:2630	Whereas DMD can be predicted based on DMI only, the best predictions for NDFD and StarchD require diet characteristics in addition to DMI.
29174147	0	56	theme	high-producing	37:50	arg1	cows					58:61	high-producing dairy cows	37:61	high-producing dairy cows	37:61	Predicting nutrient digestibility in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	4	57	theme	±	609:609	arg1	%					614:614	2.6 ± 1.2%	605:614	2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids	605:626	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	10	58	theme	regression	1296:1305	arg1	methods					1307:1313	stepwise regression methods	1287:1313	stepwise regression methods	1287:1313	Best fitting candidate models were generated using backward and stepwise regression methods.
29174147	15	59	theme	location-averaged	1923:1939	arg1	equations					1965:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	4	60	theme	±	592:592	arg1	%					595:595	27 ± 6% starch	589:602	27 ± 6% starch	589:602	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	6	61	dep	sources	761:767	arg1	Forage					754:759	Forage	754:759	Forage	754:759	Forage sources included corn silage, alfalfa, and grasses.
29174147	15	62	theme	overall	1915:1921	arg1	equations					1965:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	12	63	theme	Candidate	1432:1440	arg1	models					1442:1447	Candidate models	1432:1447	Candidate models	1432:1447	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	8	64	dep	source	963:968	arg1	forage					956:961	forage	956:961	forage	956:961	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	2	65	from	Georgia	430:436	arg1	cows					386:389	662 cows	382:389	662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	382:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	65	from	Georgia	430:436	arg1	studies					397:403	54 studies	394:403	54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	394:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	15	66	theme	starch	2071:2076	arg1	DM					2079:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	67	theme	tract	187:191	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	6	68	theme	corn	778:781	arg1	silage					783:788	corn silage	778:788	corn silage	778:788	Forage sources included corn silage, alfalfa, and grasses.
29174147	13	69	theme	fitting	1756:1762	arg1	model					1764:1768	the best fitting model	1747:1768	the best fitting model	1747:1768	For each nutrient, the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP was determined to be the best fitting model.
29174147	13	69	theme	fitting	1756:1762	arg1	model					1671:1675	the digestibility model	1653:1675	the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP	1653:1724	For each nutrient, the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP was determined to be the best fitting model.
29174147	15	70	theme	%	2173:2173	arg1	DM					2174:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	71	theme	=	2133:2133	arg1	RMSEP					2127:2131	RMSEP = 9.70	2127:2138	RMSEP = 9.70	2127:2138	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	72	theme	DM	2306:2307	arg1	percentage					2292:2301	percentage	2292:2301	percentage of DM	2292:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	73	theme	×	2166:2166	arg1	DM					2174:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	74	theme	matter	216:221	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	13	75	theme	highest	1698:1704	arg1	PC					1706:1707	PC	1706:1707	the highest PC	1694:1707	For each nutrient, the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP was determined to be the best fitting model.
29174147	1	76	from	fiber	242:246	arg1	cows					323:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	16	77	theme	lower	2390:2394	arg1	rate					2396:2399	a lower rate	2388:2399	a lower rate than that reported in National Research Council	2388:2447	Our results confirm that digestibility is reduced as DMI increases, albeit at a lower rate than that reported in National Research Council.
29174147	1	78	theme	weight	140:145	arg1	effects					99:105	the effects	95:105	the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	95:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	12	79	theme	prediction	1590:1599	arg1	coefficients					1527:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients	1490:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP)	1490:1607	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	16	80	theme	DMI	2363:2365	arg1	increases					2367:2375	DMI increases	2363:2375	DMI increases	2363:2375	Our results confirm that digestibility is reduced as DMI increases, albeit at a lower rate than that reported in National Research Council.
29174147	16	80	theme	DMI	2363:2365	arg1	digestibility					2335:2347	digestibility	2335:2347	digestibility	2335:2347	Our results confirm that digestibility is reduced as DMI increases, albeit at a lower rate than that reported in National Research Council.
29174147	8	81	theme	mixed	898:902	arg1	model					912:916	a mixed effects model	896:916	a mixed effects model	896:916	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	8	81	theme	mixed	898:902	arg1	percentage					1070:1079	percentage	1070:1079	percentage of BW (DMI%BW)	1070:1094	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	15	82	theme	=	2154:2154	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	82	theme	=	2154:2154	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	4	83	theme	fatty	616:620	arg1	acids					622:626	fatty acids	616:626	2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids	605:626	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	15	84	dep	PC	2214:2215	arg1	RMSEP					2225:2229	RMSEP = 4.77	2225:2236	RMSEP = 4.77	2225:2236	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	11	85	theme	fixed	1394:1398	arg1	location					1382:1389	location	1382:1389	location	1382:1389	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	11	85	theme	fixed	1394:1398	arg1	effects					1400:1406	fixed effects	1394:1406	fixed effects	1394:1406	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	11	85	theme	fixed	1394:1398	arg1	DMI					1374:1376	DMI	1374:1376	DMI	1374:1376	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	1	86	from	matter	216:221	arg1	cows					323:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	87	theme	DMI	2091:2093	arg1	BW					2095:2096	3.06 × DMI%BW	2084:2096	3.06 × DMI%BW	2084:2096	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	12	88	theme	mean	1569:1572	arg1	error					1581:1585	root mean square error	1564:1585	root mean square error	1564:1585	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	15	89	theme	DMI	2206:2208	arg1	PC					2214:2215	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	89	theme	DMI	2206:2208	arg1	BW					2210:2211	1.13 × DMI%BW	2199:2211	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	90	theme	prediction	1954:1963	arg1	equations					1965:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	91	theme	%	2193:2193	arg1	DM					2194:2195	0.12 × starch %DM	2179:2195	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	92	theme	high-producing	302:315	arg1	cows					323:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	high-producing dairy cows	302:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	93	theme	3.06	2084:2087	arg1	×					2089:2089	×	2089:2089	×	2089:2089	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	94	theme	diet	157:160	arg1	characteristics					162:176	diet characteristics	157:176	diet characteristics	157:176	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	95	theme	%	2078:2078	arg1	DM					2079:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	BW					2210:2211	1.13 × DMI%BW	2199:2211	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	StarchD					2146:2152	StarchD	2146:2152	StarchD	2146:2152	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	BW2					2111:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2	2100:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70)	2100:2139	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	NDFD					2033:2036	NDFD	2033:2036	NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2033:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	DM					2079:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	DM					2194:2195	0.12 × starch %DM	2179:2195	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	PC					2214:2215	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	PC = 0.34	2214:2222	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	96	dep	69	1987:1988	arg1	PC					2116:2117	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	2	97	from	Michigan	410:417	arg1	cows					386:389	662 cows	382:389	662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	382:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	2	97	from	Michigan	410:417	arg1	studies					397:403	54 studies	394:403	54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia	394:436	Our database was composed of 1,942 observations from 662 cows in 54 studies from Michigan, Ohio, and Georgia.
29174147	15	98	theme	HFERM	2246:2250	arg1	DM					2252:2253	HFERM%DM	2246:2253	HFERM%DM	2246:2253	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	8	99	theme	chemical	934:941	arg1	composition					943:953	diet chemical composition	929:953	diet chemical composition	929:953	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	11	100	theme	random	1416:1421	arg1	effects					1423:1429	all random effects	1412:1429	all random effects	1412:1429	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	11	100	theme	random	1416:1421	arg1	location					1382:1389	location	1382:1389	location	1382:1389	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	11	100	theme	random	1416:1421	arg1	DMI					1374:1376	DMI	1374:1376	DMI	1374:1376	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	15	101	theme	×	2184:2184	arg1	DM					2194:2195	0.12 × starch %DM	2179:2195	69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM	1987:2307	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	4	102	dep	%	562:562	arg1	fiber					582:586	neutral detergent fiber	564:586	31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber	556:586	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	8	103	theme	%	1091:1091	arg1	BW					1084:1085	BW	1084:1085	BW (DMI%BW)	1084:1094	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	8	103	theme	%	1091:1091	arg1	BW					1092:1093	DMI%BW	1088:1093	DMI%BW	1088:1093	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	15	104	theme	=	2024:2024	arg1	RMSEP					2018:2022	RMSEP = 5.39	2018:2029	RMSEP = 5.39	2018:2029	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	105	theme	intake	121:126	arg1	effects					99:105	the effects	95:105	the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	95:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	106	theme	×	2105:2105	arg1	PC					2116:2117	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	106	theme	×	2105:2105	arg1	BW2					2111:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2	2100:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70)	2100:2139	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	4	107	theme	crude	643:647	arg1	protein					649:655	crude protein	643:655	17 ± 1.4% crude protein	633:655	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	15	108	theme	=	2119:2119	arg1	PC					2116:2117	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	108	theme	=	2119:2119	arg1	BW2					2111:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2	2100:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70)	2100:2139	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	109	theme	fitting	1946:1952	arg1	equations					1965:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations	1911:1973	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	3	110	theme	dry	475:477	arg1	matter/d					479:486	dry matter/d	475:486	dry matter/d	475:486	On average, cows ate 23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d, weighed 669 ± 79 kg, and produced 38 ± 10 kg of milk/d.
29174147	8	111	theme	fixed	1134:1138	arg1	effects					1140:1146	fixed effects	1134:1146	fixed effects	1134:1146	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	8	112	theme	location	1097:1104	arg1	interactions					1116:1127	location and 2-way interactions	1097:1127	location and 2-way interactions	1097:1127	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	11	113	theme	simplest	1334:1341	arg1	model					1343:1347	the simplest model	1330:1347	the simplest model	1330:1347	Additionally, the simplest model was generated using only DMI and location as fixed effects and all random effects.
29174147	4	114	dep	%	641:641	arg1	protein					649:655	crude protein	643:655	17 ± 1.4% crude protein	633:655	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	12	115	theme	correlation	1515:1525	arg1	coefficients					1527:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients	1490:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP)	1490:1607	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	15	116	theme	=	2010:2010	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	116	theme	=	2010:2010	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	8	117	theme	2-way	1110:1114	arg1	interactions					1116:1127	location and 2-way interactions	1097:1127	location and 2-way interactions	1097:1127	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	15	118	dep	=	2038:2038	arg1	DM					2059:2060	53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2040:2060	DM	2059:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	17	119	theme	dietary	2463:2469	arg1	starch					2471:2476	dietary starch	2463:2476	dietary starch	2463:2476	Furthermore, dietary starch depresses NDFD.
29174147	15	120	theme	%	2110:2110	arg1	PC					2116:2117	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	PC = 0.53	2116:2124	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	120	theme	%	2110:2110	arg1	BW2					2111:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2	2100:2113	0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70)	2100:2139	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	121	theme	%	2002:2002	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	121	theme	%	2002:2002	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	122	theme	grass	2052:2056	arg1	DM					2059:2060	53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2040:2060	DM	2059:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	4	123	theme	neutral	564:570	arg1	fiber					582:586	neutral detergent fiber	564:586	31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber	556:586	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	14	124	theme	specific	1857:1864	arg1	factors					1875:1881	specific location factors	1857:1881	specific location factors	1857:1881	We observed heterogeneous coefficients among the different locations, suggesting that specific location factors influenced digestibilities.
29174147	7	125	theme	ruminal	847:853	arg1	fermentability					855:868	its ruminal fermentability	843:868	its ruminal fermentability	843:868	Corn source was classified by its ruminal fermentability.
29174147	15	126	theme	×	1997:1997	arg1	0.22					2012:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	PC = 0.22	2007:2015	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	126	theme	×	1997:1997	arg1	BW					2003:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW	1992:2004	0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39)	1992:2030	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	127	theme	0.26	2045:2048	arg1	DM					2059:2060	53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2040:2060	DM	2059:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	128	dep	=	2154:2154	arg1	DM					2174:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	13	129	dep	PC	1706:1707	arg1	RMSEP					1720:1724	RMSEP	1720:1724	RMSEP	1720:1724	For each nutrient, the digestibility model that resulted in the highest PC and lowest RMSEP was determined to be the best fitting model.
29174147	10	130	theme	fitting	1228:1234	arg1	models					1246:1251	Best fitting candidate models	1223:1251	Best fitting candidate models	1223:1251	Best fitting candidate models were generated using backward and stepwise regression methods.
29174147	0	131	theme	nutrient	11:18	arg1	digestibility					20:32	nutrient digestibility	11:32	nutrient digestibility in high-producing dairy cows	11:61	Predicting nutrient digestibility in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	12	132	theme	resulting	1494:1502	arg1	coefficients					1527:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients	1490:1538	the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP)	1490:1607	Candidate models were cross-validated across studies, and the resulting predictive correlation coefficients across studies (PC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared by t-test.
29174147	15	133	theme	53	2040:2041	arg1	DM					2059:2060	53 + 0.26 × grass %DM	2040:2060	DM	2059:2060	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	15	134	theme	corn	2277:2280	arg1	source					2282:2287	highly-fermentable corn source	2258:2287	highly-fermentable corn source	2258:2287	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	4	135	dep	%	614:614	arg1	acids					622:626	fatty acids	616:626	2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids	605:626	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	1	136	theme	detergent	232:240	arg1	fiber					242:246	neutral detergent fiber	224:246	neutral detergent fiber	224:246	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	137	dep	PC	2116:2117	arg1	RMSEP					2127:2131	RMSEP = 9.70	2127:2138	RMSEP = 9.70	2127:2138	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	3	138	theme	79	503:504	arg1	±					501:501	±	501:501	±	501:501	On average, cows ate 23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d, weighed 669 ± 79 kg, and produced 38 ± 10 kg of milk/d.
29174147	8	139	theme	matter	1023:1028	arg1	percentage					1005:1014	percentage	1005:1014	percentage of dry matter	1005:1028	Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model, including diet chemical composition, forage source, and corn source, all expressed as percentage of dry matter, except for DMI, which was expressed as percentage of BW (DMI%BW); location and 2-way interactions were fixed effects.
29174147	15	140	dep	0.22	2012:2015	arg1	RMSEP					2018:2022	RMSEP = 5.39	2018:2029	RMSEP = 5.39	2018:2029	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	7	141	theme	Corn	813:816	arg1	source					818:823	Corn source	813:823	Corn source	813:823	Corn source was classified by its ruminal fermentability.
29174147	15	142	theme	%	2251:2251	arg1	DM					2252:2253	HFERM%DM	2246:2253	HFERM%DM	2246:2253	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	3	143	theme	669	497:499	arg1	±					501:501	±	501:501	±	501:501	On average, cows ate 23 ± 4.5 kg of dry matter/d, weighed 669 ± 79 kg, and produced 38 ± 10 kg of milk/d.
29174147	4	144	theme	starch	597:602	arg1	%					595:595	27 ± 6% starch	589:602	27 ± 6% starch	589:602	Diets were 31 ± 5% neutral detergent fiber, 27 ± 6% starch, 2.6 ± 1.2% fatty acids, and 17 ± 1.4% crude protein.
29174147	1	145	theme	starch	253:258	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	10	146	theme	stepwise	1287:1294	arg1	methods					1307:1313	stepwise regression methods	1287:1313	stepwise regression methods	1287:1313	Best fitting candidate models were generated using backward and stepwise regression methods.
29174147	1	147	from	effects	99:105	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	15	148	theme	×	2069:2069	arg1	DM					2079:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	0.59 × starch %DM	2064:2080	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	1	149	theme	total	181:185	arg1	digestibilities					193:207	total tract digestibilities	181:207	total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows	181:326	Our objective was to determine the effects of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight (BW), and diet characteristics on total tract digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and starch (DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively) in high-producing dairy cows.
29174147	5	150	theme	±	707:707	arg1	%					710:710	93 ± 5%	704:710	93 ± 5% for DMD, NDFD, and StarchD	704:737	Digestibility means were 66 ± 6, 42 ± 11, and 93 ± 5% for DMD, NDFD, and StarchD, respectively.
29174147	15	151	theme	HFERM	2168:2172	arg1	DM					2174:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM	2156:2175	The overall location-averaged best fitting prediction equations were: DMD = 69 - 0.83 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.22, RMSEP = 5.39); NDFD = 53 + 0.26 × grass %DM - 0.59 × starch %DM + 3.06 × DMI%BW - 0.46 × DMI%BW2 (PC = 0.53, RMSEP = 9.70); and StarchD = 96 + 0.19 × HFERM%DM - 0.12 × starch %DM - 1.13 × DMI%BW (PC = 0.34, RMSEP = 4.77); where HFERM%DM is highly-fermentable corn source as percentage of DM.
29174147	14	152	theme	heterogeneous	1783:1795	arg1	coefficients					1797:1808	heterogeneous coefficients	1783:1808	heterogeneous coefficients among the different locations	1783:1838	We observed heterogeneous coefficients among the different locations, suggesting that specific location factors influenced digestibilities.
26859894	12	0	theme	communities	1967:1977	arg1	evenness					1926:1933	evenness	1926:1933	evenness	1926:1933	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	6	1	theme	fecal	922:926	arg1	samples					928:934	fecal samples	922:934	fecal samples	922:934	Forty-four healthy adults underwent un-prepped sigmoidoscopy, during which mucosal biopsies and fecal samples were collected.
26859894	11	2	theme	diversity	1824:1832	arg1	indicators					1834:1843	diversity indicators	1824:1843	diversity indicators	1824:1843	In these models neighborhood socioeconomic-status continued to explain 11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators.
26859894	10	3	theme	associations	1524:1535	arg1	strength					1506:1513	The strength	1502:1513	The strength of these associations	1502:1535	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	2	4	theme	person-level	290:301	arg1	socioeconomic-status					303:322	person-level socioeconomic-status	290:322	person-level socioeconomic-status	290:322	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	8	5	theme	microbiota	1299:1308	arg1	alpha-diversity					1272:1286	alpha-diversity	1272:1286	alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota	1272:1308	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	14	6	from	presence	2294:2301	arg1	diversity					2353:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	11	7	theme	variability	1809:1819	arg1	percent					1794:1800	11-22 percent	1788:1800	11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators	1788:1843	In these models neighborhood socioeconomic-status continued to explain 11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators.
26859894	10	8	dep	demographic	1616:1626	arg1	race/ethnicity					1642:1655	race/ethnicity	1642:1655	race/ethnicity	1642:1655	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	10	8	dep	demographic	1616:1626	arg1	gender					1634:1639	gender	1634:1639	gender	1634:1639	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	10	8	dep	demographic	1616:1626	arg1	age					1629:1631	age	1629:1631	age	1629:1631	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	1	9	theme	widening	166:173	arg1	gaps					189:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps	151:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases	151:241	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	13	10	theme	Bacteroides	2136:2146	arg1	abundance					2123:2131	a greater abundance	2113:2131	a greater abundance of Bacteroides	2113:2146	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	13	10	theme	Bacteroides	2136:2146	arg1	abundance					2160:2168	a lower abundance	2152:2168	a lower abundance of Prevotella	2152:2182	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	12	11	dep	suggested	1863:1871	arg1	reflected					1888:1896	reflected	1888:1896	suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid	1863:2001	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	13	12	from	differences	2228:2238	arg1	composition					2254:2264	microbiota composition	2243:2264	microbiota composition	2243:2264	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	4	13	theme	microbiota	702:711	arg1	composition					651:661	composition	651:661	composition	651:661	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	4	13	theme	microbiota	702:711	arg1	diversity					664:672	diversity	664:672	diversity	664:672	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	15	14	theme	Future	2364:2369	arg1	research					2371:2378	Future research	2364:2378	Future research	2364:2378	Future research should explore whether these variations contribute to disparities in chronic disease outcomes.
26859894	9	15	theme	neighborhood	1377:1388	arg1	socioeconomic-status					1390:1409	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1377:1409	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1377:1409	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	2	16	theme	disparities	258:268	arg1	research					270:277	most disparities research	253:277	most disparities research	253:277	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	7	17	theme	household	1091:1099	arg1	income					1101:1106	household income	1091:1106	household income	1091:1106	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	15	18	theme	disease	2457:2463	arg1	outcomes					2465:2472	chronic disease outcomes	2449:2472	chronic disease outcomes	2449:2472	Future research should explore whether these variations contribute to disparities in chronic disease outcomes.
26859894	12	19	theme	socioeconomic	1898:1910	arg1	variations					1912:1921	socioeconomic variations	1898:1921	socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid	1898:2001	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	15	20	theme	chronic	2449:2455	arg1	outcomes					2465:2472	chronic disease outcomes	2449:2472	chronic disease outcomes	2449:2472	Future research should explore whether these variations contribute to disparities in chronic disease outcomes.
26859894	13	21	theme	greater	2115:2121	arg1	abundance					2123:2131	a greater abundance	2113:2131	a greater abundance of Bacteroides	2113:2146	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	12	22	theme	Further	1846:1852	arg1	analyses					1854:1861	Further analyses	1846:1861	Further analyses	1846:1861	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	4	23	theme	chronic	559:565	arg1	diseases					567:574	chronic diseases	559:574	chronic diseases	559:574	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	10	24	theme	potential	1606:1614	arg1	demographic					1616:1626	potential demographic	1606:1626	potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity)	1606:1656	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	13	25	theme	higher	2065:2070	arg1	socioeconomic-status					2072:2091	higher socioeconomic-status	2065:2091	higher socioeconomic-status	2065:2091	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	0	26	theme	Colonic	81:87	arg1	Microbiota					89:98	the Colonic Microbiota	77:98	the Colonic Microbiota	77:98	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	7	27	theme	neighborhood	1045:1056	arg1	socioeconomic-status					1058:1077	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1045:1077	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1045:1077	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	1	28	theme	persistent	151:160	arg1	gaps					189:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps	151:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases	151:241	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	14	29	theme	colonic	2334:2340	arg1	diversity					2353:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	5	30	theme	microbiota	814:823	arg1	alpha-diversity					783:797	alpha-diversity	783:797	alpha-diversity of the colonic microbiota	783:823	This study examined whether socioeconomic-status was associated with alpha-diversity of the colonic microbiota.
26859894	14	31	theme	variations	2320:2329	arg1	presence					2294:2301	the presence	2290:2301	the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity	2290:2361	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	9	32	theme	colonic	1457:1463	arg1	mucosa					1473:1478	the colonic sigmoid mucosa	1453:1478	the colonic sigmoid mucosa	1453:1478	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	11	33	from	variability	1809:1819	arg1	indicators					1834:1843	diversity indicators	1824:1843	diversity indicators	1824:1843	In these models neighborhood socioeconomic-status continued to explain 11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators.
26859894	0	34	theme	Lower	0:4	arg1	Status					33:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status	0:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status	0:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	9	35	theme	mucosa	1473:1478	arg1	alpha-diversity					1429:1443	alpha-diversity	1429:1443	alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota	1429:1499	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	0	36	theme	Socioeconomic	19:31	arg1	Status					33:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status	0:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status	0:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	9	37	theme	fecal	1484:1488	arg1	microbiota					1490:1499	fecal microbiota	1484:1499	fecal microbiota	1484:1499	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	8	38	theme	unadjusted	1171:1180	arg1	analyses					1182:1189	unadjusted analyses	1171:1189	unadjusted analyses	1171:1189	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	3	39	theme	biological	447:456	arg1	mechanisms					458:467	the biological mechanisms	443:467	the biological mechanisms underlying these associations	443:497	Yet the biological mechanisms underlying these associations are poorly understood.
26859894	9	40	dep	did	1425:1427	arg1	so					1422:1423	so	1422:1423	so	1422:1423	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	12	41	from	variations	1912:1921	arg1	evenness					1926:1933	evenness	1926:1933	evenness	1926:1933	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	12	41	from	variations	1912:1921	arg1	richness					1944:1951	richness	1944:1951	richness	1944:1951	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	4	42	theme	pathogenic	589:598	arg1	features					600:607	common pathogenic features	582:607	common pathogenic features	582:607	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	11	43	theme	neighborhood	1733:1744	arg1	socioeconomic-status					1746:1765	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1733:1765	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1733:1765	In these models neighborhood socioeconomic-status continued to explain 11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators.
26859894	0	44	theme	Reduced	56:62	arg1	Diversity					64:72	Reduced Diversity	56:72	Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults	56:116	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	7	45	used	used	1007:1010	arg2	data					998:1001	census data	991:1001	census data	991:1001	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	10	46	theme	lifestyle	1662:1670	arg1	confounds					1706:1714	potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds	1606:1714	potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds	1606:1714	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	6	47	theme	healthy	837:843	arg1	adults					845:850	Forty-four healthy adults	826:850	Forty-four healthy adults	826:850	Forty-four healthy adults underwent un-prepped sigmoidoscopy, during which mucosal biopsies and fecal samples were collected.
26859894	2	48	theme	chronic	356:362	arg1	diseases					364:371	chronic diseases	356:371	chronic diseases	356:371	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	12	49	theme	microbial	1957:1965	arg1	communities					1967:1977	microbial communities	1957:1977	microbial communities residing in the sigmoid	1957:2001	Further analyses suggested these patterns reflected socioeconomic variations in evenness, but not richness, of microbial communities residing in the sigmoid.
26859894	2	50	theme	demographic	393:403	arg1	characteristics					405:419	the demographic characteristics	389:419	the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods	389:436	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	13	51	from	residence	2035:2043	arg1	neighborhoods					2048:2060	neighborhoods	2048:2060	neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status	2048:2091	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	10	52	theme	alcohol	1684:1690	arg1	use					1692:1694	alcohol use	1684:1694	alcohol use	1684:1694	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	10	52	theme	alcohol	1684:1690	arg1	adiposity					1673:1681	adiposity	1673:1681	adiposity	1673:1681	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	8	53	theme	variability	1257:1267	arg1	percent					1242:1248	12-18 percent	1236:1248	12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota	1236:1308	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	13	54	theme	lower	2154:2158	arg1	abundance					2160:2168	a lower abundance	2152:2168	a lower abundance of Prevotella	2152:2182	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	14	55	attach	presence	2294:2301	arg2	variations					2320:2329	socioeconomic variations	2306:2329	socioeconomic variations	2306:2329	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	14	55	attach	presence	2294:2301	arg1	diversity					2353:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	6	56	theme	mucosal	901:907	arg1	biopsies					909:916	mucosal biopsies	901:916	mucosal biopsies	901:916	Forty-four healthy adults underwent un-prepped sigmoidoscopy, during which mucosal biopsies and fecal samples were collected.
26859894	8	57	theme	colonic	1291:1297	arg1	microbiota					1299:1308	colonic microbiota	1291:1308	colonic microbiota	1291:1308	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	9	58	theme	associations	1334:1345	arg1	direction					1315:1323	The direction	1311:1323	The direction of these associations	1311:1345	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	9	58	theme	associations	1334:1345	arg1	meaning					1361:1367	positive, meaning	1351:1367	meaning	1361:1367	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	1	59	theme	socioeconomic	175:187	arg1	gaps					189:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps	151:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases	151:241	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	9	60	theme	positive	1351:1358	arg1	direction					1315:1323	The direction	1311:1323	The direction of these associations	1311:1345	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	9	60	theme	positive	1351:1358	arg1	meaning					1361:1367	positive, meaning	1351:1367	meaning	1361:1367	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	2	61	theme	mounting	325:332	arg1	evidence					334:341	mounting evidence	325:341	mounting evidence	325:341	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	7	62	theme	home	1156:1159	arg1	value					1161:1165	home value	1156:1165	home value	1156:1165	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	4	63	dep	composition	651:661	arg1	the					647:649	the	647:649	the	647:649	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	4	64	theme	gut	698:700	arg1	microbiota					702:711	the gut microbiota	694:711	the gut microbiota	694:711	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	5	65	theme	colonic	806:812	arg1	microbiota					814:823	the colonic microbiota	802:823	the colonic microbiota	802:823	This study examined whether socioeconomic-status was associated with alpha-diversity of the colonic microbiota.
26859894	1	66	from	diseases	234:241	arg1	morbidity					197:205	morbidity	197:205	morbidity	197:205	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	1	66	from	diseases	234:241	arg1	gaps					189:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps	151:192	persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases	151:241	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	1	66	from	diseases	234:241	arg1	mortality					211:219	mortality	211:219	mortality	211:219	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	7	67	theme	employment	1133:1142	arg1	status					1144:1149	employment status	1133:1149	employment status	1133:1149	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	7	68	theme	educational	1109:1119	arg1	attainment					1121:1130	educational attainment	1109:1130	educational attainment	1109:1130	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	1	69	theme	United	126:131	arg1	States					133:138	the United States	122:138	the United States	122:138	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	10	70	dep	lifestyle	1662:1670	arg1	use					1692:1694	alcohol use	1684:1694	alcohol use	1684:1694	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	10	70	dep	lifestyle	1662:1670	arg1	smoking					1697:1703	smoking	1697:1703	smoking	1697:1703	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	10	70	dep	lifestyle	1662:1670	arg1	adiposity					1673:1681	adiposity	1673:1681	adiposity	1673:1681	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	2	71	theme	most	253:256	arg1	research					270:277	most disparities research	253:277	most disparities research	253:277	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	1	72	from	gaps	189:192	arg1	diseases					234:241	chronic diseases	226:241	chronic diseases	226:241	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	1	72	from	gaps	189:192	arg1	morbidity					197:205	morbidity	197:205	morbidity	197:205	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	1	72	from	gaps	189:192	arg1	mortality					211:219	mortality	211:219	mortality	211:219	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	0	73	theme	Microbiota	89:98	arg1	Diversity					64:72	Reduced Diversity	56:72	Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults	56:116	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	0	74	from	Diversity	64:72	arg1	Adults					111:116	Healthy Adults	103:116	Healthy Adults	103:116	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	8	75	from	percent	1242:1248	arg1	alpha-diversity					1272:1286	alpha-diversity	1272:1286	alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota	1272:1308	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	4	76	theme	common	582:587	arg1	features					600:607	common pathogenic features	582:607	common pathogenic features	582:607	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	14	77	theme	microbiota	2342:2351	arg1	diversity					2353:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	colonic microbiota diversity	2334:2361	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	13	78	theme	socioeconomic-status	2072:2091	arg1	neighborhoods					2048:2060	neighborhoods	2048:2060	neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status	2048:2091	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	0	79	theme	Healthy	103:109	arg1	Adults					111:116	Healthy Adults	103:116	Healthy Adults	103:116	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	7	80	theme	socioeconomic-status	1058:1077	arg1	indicator					1032:1040	a composite indicator	1020:1040	a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1020:1077	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	13	81	theme	Prevotella	2173:2182	arg1	abundance					2123:2131	a greater abundance	2113:2131	a greater abundance of Bacteroides	2113:2146	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	13	81	theme	Prevotella	2173:2182	arg1	abundance					2160:2168	a lower abundance	2152:2168	a lower abundance of Prevotella	2152:2182	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	4	82	theme	increasing	531:540	arg1	recognition					542:552	increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota	531:711	increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota	531:711	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	15	83	from	disparities	2434:2444	arg1	outcomes					2465:2472	chronic disease outcomes	2449:2472	chronic disease outcomes	2449:2472	Future research should explore whether these variations contribute to disparities in chronic disease outcomes.
26859894	13	84	theme	microbiota	2243:2252	arg1	composition					2254:2264	microbiota composition	2243:2264	microbiota composition	2243:2264	We also found indications that residence in neighborhoods of higher socioeconomic-status was associated with a greater abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of Prevotella, suggesting that diet potentially underlies differences in microbiota composition.
26859894	14	85	theme	socioeconomic	2306:2318	arg1	variations					2320:2329	socioeconomic variations	2306:2329	socioeconomic variations	2306:2329	These findings suggest the presence of socioeconomic variations in colonic microbiota diversity.
26859894	2	86	theme	neighborhoods	424:436	arg1	characteristics					405:419	the demographic characteristics	389:419	the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods	389:436	Although most disparities research focuses on person-level socioeconomic-status, mounting evidence suggest that chronic diseases also pattern by the demographic characteristics of neighborhoods.
26859894	0	87	theme	Neighborhood	6:17	arg1	Status					33:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status	0:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status	0:38	Lower Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Associated with Reduced Diversity of the Colonic Microbiota in Healthy Adults.
26859894	9	88	theme	sigmoid	1465:1471	arg1	mucosa					1473:1478	the colonic sigmoid mucosa	1453:1478	the colonic sigmoid mucosa	1453:1478	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	7	89	theme	composite	1022:1030	arg1	indicator					1032:1040	a composite indicator	1020:1040	a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1020:1077	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	10	90	theme	demographic	1616:1626	arg1	confounds					1706:1714	potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds	1606:1714	potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds	1606:1714	The strength of these associations persisted when models were expanded to include covariates reflecting potential demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and lifestyle (adiposity, alcohol use, smoking) confounds.
26859894	11	91	from	indicators	1834:1843	arg1	percent					1794:1800	11-22 percent	1788:1800	11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators	1788:1843	In these models neighborhood socioeconomic-status continued to explain 11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators.
26859894	9	92	theme	microbiota	1490:1499	arg1	alpha-diversity					1429:1443	alpha-diversity	1429:1443	alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota	1429:1499	The direction of these associations was positive, meaning that as neighborhood socioeconomic-status increased, so did alpha-diversity of both the colonic sigmoid mucosa and fecal microbiota.
26859894	8	93	theme	neighborhood	1192:1203	arg1	socioeconomic-status					1205:1224	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1192:1224	neighborhood socioeconomic-status	1192:1224	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	8	94	from	variability	1257:1267	arg1	alpha-diversity					1272:1286	alpha-diversity	1272:1286	alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota	1272:1308	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	11	95	from	percent	1794:1800	arg1	indicators					1834:1843	diversity indicators	1824:1843	diversity indicators	1824:1843	In these models neighborhood socioeconomic-status continued to explain 11-22 percent of the variability in diversity indicators.
26859894	6	96	theme	un-prepped	862:871	arg1	sigmoidoscopy					873:885	un-prepped sigmoidoscopy	862:885	un-prepped sigmoidoscopy	862:885	Forty-four healthy adults underwent un-prepped sigmoidoscopy, during which mucosal biopsies and fecal samples were collected.
26859894	7	97	dep	zip	962:964	arg1	codes					966:970	codes	966:970	codes	966:970	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	6	98	theme	Forty-four	826:835	arg1	adults					845:850	Forty-four healthy adults	826:850	Forty-four healthy adults	826:850	Forty-four healthy adults underwent un-prepped sigmoidoscopy, during which mucosal biopsies and fecal samples were collected.
26859894	7	99	theme	census	991:996	arg1	data					998:1001	census data	991:1001	census data	991:1001	Subjects' zip codes were geocoded, and census data was used to form a composite indicator of neighborhood socioeconomic-status, reflecting household income, educational attainment, employment status, and home value.
26859894	1	100	theme	chronic	226:232	arg1	diseases					234:241	chronic diseases	226:241	chronic diseases	226:241	In the United States, there are persistent and widening socioeconomic gaps in morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases.
26859894	8	101	from	alpha-diversity	1272:1286	arg1	percent					1242:1248	12-18 percent	1236:1248	12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota	1236:1308	In unadjusted analyses, neighborhood socioeconomic-status explained 12-18 percent of the variability in alpha-diversity of colonic microbiota.
26859894	4	102	from	alterations	632:642	arg1	composition					651:661	composition	651:661	composition	651:661	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	4	102	from	alterations	632:642	arg1	diversity					664:672	diversity	664:672	diversity	664:672	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
26859894	4	102	from	alterations	632:642	arg1	functioning					679:689	functioning	679:689	functioning	679:689	There is increasing recognition that chronic diseases share common pathogenic features, some of which involve alterations in the composition, diversity, and functioning of the gut microbiota.
29029568	3	0	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV	685:704	arg1	NPs					706:708	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs	685:708	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1)	685:788	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	1	1	theme	important	261:269	arg1	disease					213:219	Newcastle disease	203:219	Newcastle disease (ND)	203:224	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	1	theme	important	261:269	arg1	bronchitis					241:250	infectious bronchitis	230:250	infectious bronchitis (IB)	230:255	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	1	theme	important	261:269	arg1	diseases					271:278	important diseases	261:278	important diseases	261:278	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	8	2	theme	chitosan	1663:1670	arg1	derivative					1672:1681	chitosan derivative	1663:1681	chitosan derivative	1663:1681	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	3	3	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV	725:740	arg1	NPs					742:744	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs	725:744	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs	725:744	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	8	4	theme	immune	1727:1732	arg1	responses					1734:1742	humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses	1696:1742	humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses	1696:1742	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	9	5	theme	further	1924:1930	arg1	development					1932:1942	further development	1924:1942	further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs	1924:1972	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	1	6	theme	Newcastle	203:211	arg1	disease					213:219	Newcastle disease	203:219	Newcastle disease (ND)	203:224	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	6	theme	Newcastle	203:211	arg1	bronchitis					241:250	infectious bronchitis	230:250	infectious bronchitis (IB)	230:255	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	6	theme	Newcastle	203:211	arg1	diseases					271:278	important diseases	261:278	important diseases	261:278	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	6	theme	Newcastle	203:211	arg1	ND					222:223	ND	222:223	ND	222:223	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	7	7	theme	live	1486:1489	arg1	vaccine					1491:1497	the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine	1449:1497	the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did	1449:1501	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	3	8	theme	NPs	767:769	arg1	mixing					715:720	the mixing	711:720	the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1	711:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	7	9	theme	interferon-γ	1423:1434	arg1	levels					1381:1386	higher levels	1374:1386	higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)	1374:1442	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	9	10	theme	vaccines	1955:1962	arg1	development					1932:1942	further development	1924:1942	further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs	1924:1972	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	8	11	dep	antigens	1622:1629	arg1	IBV					1640:1642	IBV	1640:1642	IBV	1640:1642	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	11	dep	antigens	1622:1629	arg1	NDV					1632:1634	NDV	1632:1634	NDV	1632:1634	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	11	dep	antigens	1622:1629	arg1	antigens					1622:1629	antigens	1622:1629	antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative	1622:1681	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	7	12	theme	IL-4	1414:1417	arg1	levels					1381:1386	higher levels	1374:1386	higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)	1374:1442	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	9	13	theme	drugs	1968:1972	arg1	development					1932:1942	further development	1924:1942	further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs	1924:1972	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	1	14	theme	infectious	230:239	arg1	IB					253:254	IB	253:254	IB	253:254	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	14	theme	infectious	230:239	arg1	disease					213:219	Newcastle disease	203:219	Newcastle disease (ND)	203:224	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	14	theme	infectious	230:239	arg1	bronchitis					241:250	infectious bronchitis	230:250	infectious bronchitis (IB)	230:255	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	1	14	theme	infectious	230:239	arg1	diseases					271:278	important diseases	261:278	important diseases	261:278	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	4	15	theme	higher	911:916	arg1	stability					918:926	higher stability	911:926	higher stability	911:926	Both nanoparticles exhibited lower cytotoxicity and higher stability.
29029568	2	16	theme	vaccine	562:568	arg1	antigens					570:577	vaccine antigens	562:577	vaccine antigens	562:577	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	0	17	theme	intranasal	176:185	arg1	administration					187:200	intranasal administration	176:200	intranasal administration	176:200	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	8	18	theme	NDV	1808:1810	arg1	infection					1779:1787	the infection	1775:1787	the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV	1775:1818	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	9	19	theme	application	2000:2010	arg1	N-2-HACC-CMC					1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	19	theme	application	2000:2010	arg1	potential					2012:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	19	theme	application	2000:2010	arg1	adjuvant					1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	7	20	theme	higher	1269:1274	arg1	titers					1276:1281	higher titers	1269:1281	higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies	1269:1307	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	8	21	theme	IBV	1816:1818	arg1	infection					1779:1787	the infection	1775:1787	the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV	1775:1818	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	22	theme	first	1516:1520	arg1	This					1504:1507	This	1504:1507	This	1504:1507	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	22	theme	first	1516:1520	arg1	study					1522:1526	the first study	1512:1526	the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV	1512:1818	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	3	23	theme	composite	827:835	arg1	method					837:842	the polyelectrolyte composite method	807:842	the polyelectrolyte composite method	807:842	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	1	24	theme	economic	349:356	arg1	losses					358:363	severely economic losses	340:363	severely economic losses in the poultry industry	340:387	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	6	25	theme	Release	1013:1019	arg1	assay					1021:1025	Release assay	1013:1025	Release assay in vitro	1013:1034	Release assay in vitro showed that both NDV and IBV could be sustainably released from the nanoparticles after an initial burst release.
29029568	7	26	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV	1223:1242	arg1	NPs					1244:1246	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs	1195:1246	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs	1195:1246	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	0	27	theme	infectious	114:123	arg1	bronchitis					125:134	infectious bronchitis	114:134	infectious bronchitis	114:134	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	1	28	theme	poultry	372:378	arg1	industry					380:387	the poultry industry	368:387	the poultry industry	368:387	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	8	29	theme	animal	1544:1549	arg1	vaccines					1551:1558	animal vaccines	1544:1558	animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV	1544:1818	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	3	30	from	NPs	767:769	arg1	ratio					776:780	a ratio	774:780	a ratio of 1:1	774:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	6	31	attach	released	1086:1093	arg1	nanoparticles					1104:1116	the nanoparticles	1100:1116	the nanoparticles	1100:1116	Release assay in vitro showed that both NDV and IBV could be sustainably released from the nanoparticles after an initial burst release.
29029568	6	31	attach	released	1086:1093	arg2	IBV					1061:1063	IBV	1061:1063	IBV	1061:1063	Release assay in vitro showed that both NDV and IBV could be sustainably released from the nanoparticles after an initial burst release.
29029568	6	31	attach	released	1086:1093	arg2	NDV					1053:1055	NDV	1053:1055	NDV	1053:1055	Release assay in vitro showed that both NDV and IBV could be sustainably released from the nanoparticles after an initial burst release.
29029568	0	32	theme	Quaternized	0:10	arg1	nanoparticles					21:33	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles	0:33	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis	0:134	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	9	33	dep	adjuvant	1890:1897	arg1	carrier					1912:1918	carrier	1912:1918	carrier	1912:1918	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	2	34	theme	ammonium	433:440	arg1	chloride					442:449	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	405:449	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC)	405:469	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	7	35	theme	chickens	1174:1181	arg1	immunization					1158:1169	In vivo immunization	1150:1169	In vivo immunization of chickens	1150:1181	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	1	36	theme	respiratory	293:303	arg1	diseases					305:312	respiratory diseases	293:312	respiratory diseases	293:312	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	7	37	theme	lymphocytes	1350:1360	arg1	proliferation					1333:1345	proliferation	1333:1345	proliferation of lymphocytes	1333:1360	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	8	38	theme	intranasal	1579:1588	arg1	administration					1590:1603	intranasal administration	1579:1603	intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative	1579:1681	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	2	39	theme	N-2-hydroxypropyl	405:421	arg1	chloride					442:449	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	405:449	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC)	405:469	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	1	40	from	losses	358:363	arg1	industry					380:387	the poultry industry	368:387	the poultry industry	368:387	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	0	41	theme	live	71:74	arg1	vaccine					76:82	the combined attenuated live vaccine	47:82	the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis	47:134	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	0	42	theme	combined	51:58	arg1	vaccine					76:82	the combined attenuated live vaccine	47:82	the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis	47:134	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	6	43	theme	burst	1135:1139	arg1	release					1141:1147	an initial burst release	1124:1147	an initial burst release	1124:1147	Release assay in vitro showed that both NDV and IBV could be sustainably released from the nanoparticles after an initial burst release.
29029568	7	44	theme	antibodies	1298:1307	arg1	titers					1276:1281	higher titers	1269:1281	higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies	1269:1307	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	0	45	from	response	150:157	arg1	chicken					162:168	chicken	162:168	chicken	162:168	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	3	46	dep	nanoparticles	601:613	arg1	IBV/H120					638:645	IBV/H120	638:645	IBV/H120	638:645	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	46	dep	nanoparticles	601:613	arg1	nanoparticles					601:613	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles	580:613	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs)	580:679	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	46	dep	nanoparticles	601:613	arg1	Sota					629:632	Sota	629:632	Sota	629:632	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	9	47	used	used	1869:1872	arg2	N-2-HACC-CMC					1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	47	used	used	1869:1872	arg2	delivery					1903:1910	delivery	1903:1910	delivery	1903:1910	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	47	used	used	1869:1872	arg2	adjuvant					1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	47	used	used	1869:1872	arg2	potential					2012:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	4	48	theme	lower	888:892	arg1	cytotoxicity					894:905	lower cytotoxicity	888:905	lower cytotoxicity	888:905	Both nanoparticles exhibited lower cytotoxicity and higher stability.
29029568	7	49	theme	combined	1466:1473	arg1	vaccine					1491:1497	the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine	1449:1497	the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did	1449:1501	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	3	50	theme	NPs	742:744	arg1	NPs					767:769	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs	725:769	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1	725:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	7	51	theme	In	1150:1151	arg1	immunization					1158:1169	In vivo immunization	1150:1169	In vivo immunization of chickens	1150:1181	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	7	52	theme	attenuated	1475:1484	arg1	vaccine					1491:1497	the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine	1449:1497	the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did	1449:1501	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	3	53	from	mixing	715:720	arg1	ratio					776:780	a ratio	774:780	a ratio of 1:1	774:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	9	54	theme	mucosal	1947:1953	arg1	vaccines					1955:1962	mucosal vaccines	1947:1962	mucosal vaccines	1947:1962	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg2	adjuvant					1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg1	potential					2012:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg1	N-2-HACC-CMC					1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg1	adjuvant					1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg2	N-2-HACC-CMC					1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg2	potential					2012:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	55	contain	have	1984:1987	arg1	delivery					1903:1910	delivery	1903:1910	delivery	1903:1910	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	0	56	theme	immune	143:148	arg1	response					150:157	immune response	143:157	immune response in chicken	143:168	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	2	57	theme	delivery	541:548	arg1	carrier					550:556	adjuvant and delivery carrier	528:556	carrier	550:556	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	57	theme	delivery	541:548	arg1	N					475:475	N	475:475	N	475:475	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	57	theme	delivery	541:548	arg1	chitosan					451:458	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	405:458	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC)	405:469	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	3	58	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV	750:765	arg1	NPs					767:769	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs	725:769	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1	725:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	2	59	theme	adjuvant	528:535	arg1	carrier					550:556	adjuvant and delivery carrier	528:556	carrier	550:556	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	59	theme	adjuvant	528:535	arg1	N					475:475	N	475:475	N	475:475	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	59	theme	adjuvant	528:535	arg1	chitosan					451:458	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	405:458	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC)	405:469	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	3	60	theme	1:1	785:787	arg1	ratio					776:780	a ratio	774:780	a ratio of 1:1	774:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	61	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV	580:599	arg1	IBV/H120					638:645	IBV/H120	638:645	IBV/H120	638:645	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	61	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV	580:599	arg1	NPs					616:618	NPs	616:618	NPs	616:618	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	61	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV	580:599	arg1	nanoparticles					601:613	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles	580:613	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs)	580:679	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	61	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV	580:599	arg1	Sota					629:632	Sota	629:632	Sota	629:632	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	1	62	dep	diseases	271:278	arg1	cause					287:291	cause	287:291	cause	287:291	Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bronchitis (IB) are important diseases, which cause respiratory diseases in chickens, resulting in severely economic losses in the poultry industry.
29029568	9	63	theme	immense	1992:1998	arg1	N-2-HACC-CMC					1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	N-2-HACC-CMC	1847:1858	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	63	theme	immense	1992:1998	arg1	potential					2012:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	an immense application potential	1989:2020	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	9	63	theme	immense	1992:1998	arg1	adjuvant					1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	adjuvant	1890:1897	This study indicated that N-2-HACC-CMC could be used as an efficient adjuvant and delivery carrier for further development of mucosal vaccines and drugs and could have an immense application potential in medicine.
29029568	6	64	theme	initial	1127:1133	arg1	burst					1135:1139	an initial burst	1124:1139	an initial burst release	1124:1147	Release assay in vitro showed that both NDV and IBV could be sustainably released from the nanoparticles after an initial burst release.
29029568	8	65	with	chickens	1608:1615	arg1	IBV					1640:1642	IBV	1640:1642	IBV	1640:1642	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	65	with	chickens	1608:1615	arg1	NDV					1632:1634	NDV	1632:1634	NDV	1632:1634	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	65	with	chickens	1608:1615	arg1	antigens					1622:1629	antigens	1622:1629	antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative	1622:1681	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	8	66	theme	virulent	1799:1806	arg1	NDV					1808:1810	highly virulent NDV	1792:1810	highly virulent NDV	1792:1810	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	7	67	theme	interleukine-2	1391:1404	arg1	levels					1381:1386	higher levels	1374:1386	higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)	1374:1442	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	0	68	theme	Newcastle	92:100	arg1	disease					102:108	Newcastle disease	92:108	Newcastle disease	92:108	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	2	69	theme	O-carboxymethyl	477:491	arg1	CMC					503:505	CMC	503:505	CMC	503:505	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	69	theme	O-carboxymethyl	477:491	arg1	N					475:475	N	475:475	N	475:475	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	69	theme	O-carboxymethyl	477:491	arg1	chitosan					493:500	O-carboxymethyl chitosan	477:500	O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)	477:506	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	3	70	from	ratio	776:780	arg1	mixing					715:720	the mixing	711:720	the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1	711:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	3	71	theme	polyelectrolyte	811:825	arg1	method					837:842	the polyelectrolyte composite method	807:842	the polyelectrolyte composite method	807:842	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	7	72	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV	1195:1214	arg1	NPs					1216:1218	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs	1195:1218	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs	1195:1218	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	7	73	theme	higher	1374:1379	arg1	levels					1381:1386	higher levels	1374:1386	higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)	1374:1442	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	8	74	theme	vaccines	1551:1558	arg1	field					1535:1539	the field	1531:1539	the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV	1531:1818	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	7	75	dep	In	1150:1151	arg1	vivo					1153:1156	vivo	1153:1156	vivo	1153:1156	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	0	76	theme	chitosan	12:19	arg1	nanoparticles					21:33	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles	0:33	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis	0:134	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	8	77	from	study	1522:1526	arg1	field					1535:1539	the field	1531:1539	the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV	1531:1818	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	3	78	dep	NPs	706:708	arg1	mixing					715:720	the mixing	711:720	the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1	711:787	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	2	79	theme	chloride	442:449	arg1	carrier					550:556	adjuvant and delivery carrier	528:556	carrier	550:556	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	79	theme	chloride	442:449	arg1	N-2-HACC					461:468	N-2-HACC	461:468	N-2-HACC	461:468	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	79	theme	chloride	442:449	arg1	N					475:475	N	475:475	N	475:475	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	79	theme	chloride	442:449	arg1	chitosan					451:458	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	405:458	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC)	405:469	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	2	80	theme	trimethyl	423:431	arg1	chloride					442:449	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	405:449	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC)	405:469	In this study, N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) and N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) were synthesized as adjuvant and delivery carrier for vaccine antigens.
29029568	8	81	theme	chickens	1608:1615	arg1	administration					1590:1603	intranasal administration	1579:1603	intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative	1579:1681	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	7	82	theme	NPs	1216:1218	arg1	NPs					1244:1246	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs	1195:1246	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs	1195:1246	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	0	83	theme	attenuated	60:69	arg1	vaccine					76:82	the combined attenuated live vaccine	47:82	the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis	47:134	Quaternized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with the combined attenuated live vaccine against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis elicit immune response in chicken after intranasal administration.
29029568	7	84	theme	IgA	1294:1296	arg1	antibodies					1298:1307	IgG and IgA antibodies	1286:1307	IgG and IgA antibodies	1286:1307	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	3	85	theme	N-2-HACC-CMC	663:674	arg1	NPs					676:678	N-2-HACC-CMC NPs	663:678	N-2-HACC-CMC NPs	663:678	N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV nanoparticles (NPs) (NDV/La Sota and IBV/H120 encapsulated in N-2-HACC-CMC NPs) and N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs (the mixing of N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV NPs and N-2-HACC-CMC/IBV NPs in a ratio of 1:1) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte composite method, respectively.
29029568	8	86	theme	humoral	1696:1702	arg1	responses					1734:1742	humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses	1696:1742	humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses	1696:1742	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
29029568	7	87	theme	IgG	1286:1288	arg1	antibodies					1298:1307	IgG and IgA antibodies	1286:1307	IgG and IgA antibodies	1286:1307	In vivo immunization of chickens showed that N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV/IBV NPs or N-2-HACC-CMC/NDV-IBV NPs intranasally induced higher titers of IgG and IgA antibodies, significantly promoted proliferation of lymphocytes and induced higher levels of interleukine-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) than the commercially combined attenuated live vaccine did.
29029568	8	88	theme	cellular	1705:1712	arg1	responses					1734:1742	humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses	1696:1742	humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses	1696:1742	This is the first study in the field of animal vaccines demonstrating that intranasal administration of chickens with antigens (NDV and IBV) encapsulated with chitosan derivative could induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immune responses, which protected chickens from the infection of highly virulent NDV and IBV.
28587159	8	0	theme	relative	1037:1044	arg1	concentration					1046:1058	the relative concentration	1033:1058	the relative concentration of butyrate	1033:1070	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	4	1	theme	acesulfame-K	536:547	arg1	ingestion					549:557	acesulfame-K ingestion	536:557	acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight)	536:638	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	1	theme	acesulfame-K	536:547	arg1	weight					632:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	9	2	theme	relative	1317:1324	arg1	XIVa					1360:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	9	2	theme	relative	1317:1324	arg1	amount					1326:1331	the relative amount	1313:1331	the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice	1313:1428	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	7	3	theme	cholic	1010:1015	arg1	acid					1017:1020	cholic acid	1010:1020	cholic acid	1010:1020	Only sucralose intake increased the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid.
28587159	7	4	theme	cholesterol	994:1004	arg1	concentration					969:981	the concentration	965:981	the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid	965:1020	Only sucralose intake increased the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid.
28587159	2	5	theme	blood	256:260	arg1	levels					270:275	blood glucose levels	256:275	blood glucose levels	256:275	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	5	6	theme	XIVa	781:784	arg1	amount					752:757	the relative amount	739:757	the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces	739:793	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	5	6	theme	XIVa	781:784	arg1	XIVa					781:784	XIVa	781:784	XIVa	781:784	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	9	7	from	metabolism	1411:1420	arg1	mice					1425:1428	mice	1425:1428	mice	1425:1428	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	8	8	theme	sucralose	1156:1164	arg1	consumption					1166:1176	sucralose consumption	1156:1176	sucralose consumption	1156:1176	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	9	9	theme	XIVa	1360:1363	arg1	XIVa					1360:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	9	9	theme	XIVa	1360:1363	arg1	amount					1326:1331	the relative amount	1313:1331	the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice	1313:1428	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	8	10	theme	secondary/primary	1089:1105	arg1	acids					1112:1116	secondary/primary bile acids	1089:1116	secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites	1089:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	4	11	theme	daily	591:595	arg1	intake					597:602	acceptable daily intake	580:602	most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	563:615	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	11	theme	daily	591:595	arg1	ADI					605:607	ADI	605:607	ADI	605:607	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	2	12	theme	weight	281:286	arg1	gain					288:291	weight gain	281:291	weight gain	281:291	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	5	13	theme	relative	743:750	arg1	amount					752:757	the relative amount	739:757	the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces	739:793	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	5	13	theme	relative	743:750	arg1	XIVa					781:784	XIVa	781:784	XIVa	781:784	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	8	14	theme	acids	1112:1116	arg1	ratio					1080:1084	the ratio	1076:1084	the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites	1076:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	8	14	theme	acids	1112:1116	arg1	concentration					1046:1058	the relative concentration	1033:1058	the relative concentration of butyrate	1033:1070	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	6	15	theme	body	864:867	arg1	gain					876:879	body weight gain	864:879	body weight gain	864:879	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	8	16	theme	dose-dependent	1183:1196	arg1	manner					1198:1203	a dose-dependent manner	1181:1203	a dose-dependent manner	1181:1203	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	4	17	from	effects	512:518	arg1	microbiome					651:660	the gut microbiome	643:660	the gut microbiome in mice	643:668	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	5	18	from	amount	752:757	arg1	feces					789:793	feces	789:793	feces	789:793	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	8	19	theme	luminal	1121:1127	arg1	metabolites					1129:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	0	20	from	Microbiota	61:70	arg1	Mice					75:78	Mice	75:78	Mice	75:78	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	7	21	theme	Only	933:936	arg1	intake					948:953	Only sucralose intake	933:953	Only sucralose intake	933:953	Only sucralose intake increased the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid.
28587159	9	22	theme	bile	1401:1404	arg1	metabolism					1411:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	4	23	theme	gut	647:649	arg1	microbiome					651:660	the gut microbiome	643:660	the gut microbiome in mice	643:668	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	24	theme	mg/kg	621:625	arg1	ingestion					549:557	acesulfame-K ingestion	536:557	acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight)	536:638	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	24	theme	mg/kg	621:625	arg1	weight					632:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	2	25	theme	alternative	217:227	arg1	sweeteners					229:238	alternative sweeteners	217:238	alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain	217:291	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	2	25	theme	alternative	217:227	arg1	NASs					197:200	NASs	197:200	NASs	197:200	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	1	26	theme	sweet	140:144	arg1	tastes					146:151	sweet tastes	140:151	sweet tastes	140:151	Abstract: Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs) provide sweet tastes to food without adding calories or glucose.
28587159	0	27	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Microbiota					61:70	Gut Microbiota	57:70	Gut Microbiota in Mice	57:78	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	6	28	theme	liver	884:888	arg1	weight					890:895	liver weight	884:895	liver weight	884:895	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	6	29	from	weight	890:895	arg1	cecum					926:930	cecum	926:930	cecum	926:930	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	6	29	from	weight	890:895	arg1	epididymis					912:921	epididymis	912:921	epididymis	912:921	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	9	30	theme	daily	1233:1237	arg1	intake					1239:1244	daily intake	1233:1244	daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K,	1233:1302	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	3	31	theme	past	350:353	arg1	decade					355:360	the past decade	346:360	the past decade in Japan and other countries	346:389	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	0	32	theme	Low-Dose	11:18	arg1	Consumption					42:52	Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption	11:52	Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption	11:52	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	9	33	theme	ADI	1257:1259	arg1	levels					1261:1266	maximum ADI levels	1249:1266	maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K,	1249:1302	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	1	34	theme	artificial	103:112	arg1	NASs					126:129	NASs	126:129	NASs	126:129	Abstract: Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs) provide sweet tastes to food without adding calories or glucose.
28587159	1	34	theme	artificial	103:112	arg1	sweeteners					114:123	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners	91:123	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs)	91:130	Abstract: Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs) provide sweet tastes to food without adding calories or glucose.
28587159	0	35	theme	Sweetener	32:40	arg1	Consumption					42:52	Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption	11:52	Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption	11:52	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	9	36	from	microbiome	1374:1383	arg1	mice					1425:1428	mice	1425:1428	mice	1425:1428	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	3	37	theme	gut	447:449	arg1	microbiome					451:460	the gut microbiome	443:460	the gut microbiome	443:460	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	9	38	theme	Clostridium	1340:1350	arg1	XIVa					1360:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	0	39	theme	Gut	57:59	arg1	Microbiota					61:70	Gut Microbiota	57:70	Gut Microbiota in Mice	57:78	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	7	40	theme	acid	1017:1020	arg1	concentration					969:981	the concentration	965:981	the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid	965:1020	Only sucralose intake increased the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid.
28587159	8	41	from	ratio	1080:1084	arg1	metabolites					1129:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	4	42	theme	ingestion	549:557	arg1	effects					512:518	the effects	508:518	the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice	508:668	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	7	43	theme	hepatic	986:992	arg1	cholesterol					994:1004	hepatic cholesterol	986:1004	hepatic cholesterol	986:1004	Only sucralose intake increased the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid.
28587159	2	44	theme	glucose	262:268	arg1	levels					270:275	blood glucose levels	256:275	blood glucose levels	256:275	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	4	45	from	levels	610:615	arg1	ingestion					549:557	acesulfame-K ingestion	536:557	acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight)	536:638	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	45	from	levels	610:615	arg1	weight					632:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	8	46	theme	butyrate	1063:1070	arg1	ratio					1080:1084	the ratio	1076:1084	the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites	1076:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	8	46	theme	butyrate	1063:1070	arg1	concentration					1046:1058	the relative concentration	1033:1058	the relative concentration of butyrate	1033:1070	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	8	47	from	acids	1112:1116	arg1	metabolites					1129:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	9	48	theme	cluster	1352:1358	arg1	XIVa					1360:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	the Clostridium cluster XIVa	1336:1363	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	6	49	theme	weight	869:874	arg1	gain					876:879	body weight gain	864:879	body weight gain	864:879	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	2	50	used	used	209:212	arg2	NASs					197:200	NASs	197:200	NASs	197:200	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	2	50	used	used	209:212	arg2	sweeteners					229:238	alternative sweeteners	217:238	alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain	217:291	NASs can be used as alternative sweeteners for controlling blood glucose levels and weight gain.
28587159	4	51	theme	acceptable	580:589	arg1	intake					597:602	acceptable daily intake	580:602	most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	563:615	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	51	theme	acceptable	580:589	arg1	ADI					605:607	ADI	605:607	ADI	605:607	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	7	52	theme	sucralose	938:946	arg1	intake					948:953	Only sucralose intake	933:953	Only sucralose intake	933:953	Only sucralose intake increased the concentration of hepatic cholesterol and cholic acid.
28587159	8	53	theme	bile	1107:1110	arg1	acids					1112:1116	secondary/primary bile acids	1089:1116	secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites	1089:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	4	54	theme	intake	597:602	arg1	levels					610:615	the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	568:615	most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	563:615	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	9	55	theme	cholesterol	1389:1399	arg1	metabolism					1411:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	6	56	theme	food	851:854	arg1	intake					856:861	food intake	851:861	food intake	851:861	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	8	57	from	metabolites	1129:1139	arg1	ratio					1080:1084	the ratio	1076:1084	the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites	1076:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	8	57	from	metabolites	1129:1139	arg1	concentration					1046:1058	the relative concentration	1033:1058	the relative concentration of butyrate	1033:1070	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	9	58	theme	acid	1406:1409	arg1	metabolism					1411:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	5	59	from	feces	789:793	arg1	amount					752:757	the relative amount	739:757	the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces	739:793	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	5	59	from	feces	789:793	arg1	XIVa					781:784	XIVa	781:784	XIVa	781:784	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	3	60	theme	NASs	322:325	arg1	consumption					307:317	the consumption	303:317	the consumption of NASs	303:325	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	5	61	theme	sucralose	686:694	arg1	Consumption					671:681	Consumption	671:681	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks	671:729	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	4	62	theme	present	481:487	arg1	study					489:493	the present study	477:493	the present study	477:493	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	6	63	from	fat	901:903	arg1	cecum					926:930	cecum	926:930	cecum	926:930	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	6	63	from	fat	901:903	arg1	epididymis					912:921	epididymis	912:921	epididymis	912:921	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	4	64	theme	body	627:630	arg1	ingestion					549:557	acesulfame-K ingestion	536:557	acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight)	536:638	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	4	64	theme	body	627:630	arg1	weight					632:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	15 mg/kg body weight	618:637	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	3	65	from	decade	355:360	arg1	Japan					365:369	Japan	365:369	Japan	365:369	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	3	65	from	decade	355:360	arg1	countries					381:389	other countries	375:389	other countries	375:389	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	9	66	theme	fecal	1368:1372	arg1	microbiome					1374:1383	fecal microbiome	1368:1383	fecal microbiome	1368:1383	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	6	67	dep	epididymis	912:921	arg1	the					908:910	the	908:910	the	908:910	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	0	68	theme	Non-Caloric	20:30	arg1	Consumption					42:52	Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption	11:52	Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption	11:52	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	9	69	theme	maximum	1249:1255	arg1	levels					1261:1266	maximum ADI levels	1249:1266	maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K,	1249:1302	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	9	70	from	amount	1326:1331	arg1	metabolism					1411:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	cholesterol bile acid metabolism	1389:1420	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	9	70	from	amount	1326:1331	arg1	microbiome					1374:1383	fecal microbiome	1368:1383	fecal microbiome	1368:1383	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	4	71	from	microbiome	651:660	arg1	mice					665:668	mice	665:668	mice	665:668	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	1	72	theme	Non-caloric	91:101	arg1	NASs					126:129	NASs	126:129	NASs	126:129	Abstract: Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs) provide sweet tastes to food without adding calories or glucose.
28587159	1	72	theme	Non-caloric	91:101	arg1	sweeteners					114:123	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners	91:123	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs)	91:130	Abstract: Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NASs) provide sweet tastes to food without adding calories or glucose.
28587159	4	73	theme	sucralose	523:531	arg1	effects					512:518	the effects	508:518	the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice	508:668	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	0	74	theme	Consumption	42:52	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice	0:78	Effects of Low-Dose Non-Caloric Sweetener Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Mice.
28587159	9	75	theme	levels	1261:1266	arg1	intake					1239:1244	daily intake	1233:1244	daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K,	1233:1302	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	6	76	from	gain	876:879	arg1	cecum					926:930	cecum	926:930	cecum	926:930	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	6	76	from	gain	876:879	arg1	epididymis					912:921	epididymis	912:921	epididymis	912:921	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	5	77	theme	acesulfame-K	705:716	arg1	Consumption					671:681	Consumption	671:681	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks	671:729	Consumption of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, for 8 weeks reduced the relative amount of Clostridiumcluster XIVa in feces.
28587159	9	78	theme	sucralose	1271:1279	arg1	levels					1261:1266	maximum ADI levels	1249:1266	maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K,	1249:1302	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	3	79	theme	other	375:379	arg1	countries					381:389	other countries	375:389	other countries	375:389	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	4	80	theme	most	563:566	arg1	levels					610:615	the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	568:615	most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	563:615	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
28587159	6	81	from	intake	856:861	arg1	cecum					926:930	cecum	926:930	cecum	926:930	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	6	81	from	intake	856:861	arg1	epididymis					912:921	epididymis	912:921	epididymis	912:921	Meanwhile, sucralose and acesulfame-K did not increase food intake, body weight gain or liver weight, or fat in the epididymis or cecum.
28587159	3	82	theme	microbiome	451:460	arg1	composition					428:438	the composition	424:438	the composition of the gut microbiome	424:460	Although the consumption of NASs has increased over the past decade in Japan and other countries, whether these sweeteners affect the composition of the gut microbiome is unclear.
28587159	9	83	theme	acesulfame-K	1290:1301	arg1	levels					1261:1266	maximum ADI levels	1249:1266	maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K,	1249:1302	These results suggest that daily intake of maximum ADI levels of sucralose, but not acesulfame-K, affected the relative amount of the Clostridium cluster XIVa in fecal microbiome and cholesterol bile acid metabolism in mice.
28587159	8	84	from	concentration	1046:1058	arg1	metabolites					1129:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	luminal metabolites	1121:1139	Moreover, the relative concentration of butyrate and the ratio of secondary/primary bile acids in luminal metabolites increased with sucralose consumption in a dose-dependent manner.
28587159	4	85	theme	maximum	572:578	arg1	levels					610:615	the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	568:615	most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels	563:615	In the present study, we examined the effects of sucralose or acesulfame-K ingestion (at most the maximum acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels, 15 mg/kg body weight) on the gut microbiome in mice.
24736878	2	0	theme	coronary	692:699	arg1	intervention					701:712	percutaneous coronary intervention	679:712	percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy	679:774	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	6	1	from	increase	1534:1541	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	1	from	increase	1534:1541	arg1	outcomes					1626:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	7	2	theme	%	1935:1935	arg1	%					1950:1950	difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70	1920:1959	%	1950:1950	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	1	3	theme	bivalirudin	281:291	arg1	monotherapy					323:333	bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy	281:333	monotherapy	323:333	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	8	4	theme	unfractionated	2358:2371	arg1	heparin					2373:2379	unfractionated heparin	2358:2379	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2358:2391	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	4	5	theme	in-hospital	1016:1026	arg1	infarction					1045:1054	in-hospital death/myocardial infarction	1016:1054	in-hospital death/myocardial infarction	1016:1054	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	6	6	theme	bivalirudin	1405:1415	arg1	use					1417:1419	bivalirudin use	1405:1419	bivalirudin use	1405:1419	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	0	7	theme	Drug-Eluting	209:220	arg1	Stents					222:227	Drug-Eluting Stents	209:227	Drug-Eluting Stents	209:227	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	0	8	with	patients	80:87	arg1	disease					169:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	0	8	with	patients	80:87	arg1	syndromes					134:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	1	9	theme	unfractionated	300:313	arg1	monotherapy					323:333	bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy	281:333	monotherapy	323:333	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	6	10	dep	%	1489:1489	arg1	P=0.01					1493:1498	P=0.01	1493:1498	P=0.01	1493:1498	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	10	dep	%	1489:1489	arg1	to					1482:1483	to	1482:1483	to	1482:1483	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	10	dep	%	1489:1489	arg1	need					1508:1511	number need	1501:1511	number need to treat=30	1501:1523	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	2	11	theme	unfractionated	726:739	arg1	heparin					741:747	unfractionated heparin	726:747	unfractionated heparin	726:747	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	8	12	theme	non-ST-segment-elevation	2151:2174	arg1	syndromes					2191:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	6	13	theme	%	1473:1473	arg1	lower					1441:1445	lower	1441:1445	lower	1441:1445	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	13	theme	%	1473:1473	arg1	%					1489:1489	difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30	1457:1523	%	1489:1489	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	14	theme	difference	1664:1673	arg1	%					1694:1694	difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00	1664:1703	%	1694:1694	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	14	theme	difference	1664:1673	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	15	theme	coronary	1379:1386	arg1	cohort					1397:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	4	16	theme	death/myocardial	1028:1043	arg1	infarction					1045:1054	in-hospital death/myocardial infarction	1016:1054	in-hospital death/myocardial infarction	1016:1054	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	7	17	theme	heparin	2098:2104	arg1	monotherapy					2106:2116	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2083:2116	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2083:2116	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	0	18	theme	Events	242:247	arg1	Evaluation					195:204	the Evaluation	191:204	the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events	191:247	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	7	19	theme	ischemic	1975:1982	arg1	outcomes					1984:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	19	theme	ischemic	1975:1982	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	20	theme	stable	1725:1730	arg1	disease					1747:1753	the stable ischemic heart disease	1721:1753	the stable ischemic heart disease cohort	1721:1760	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	2	21	theme	stable	634:639	arg1	disease					656:662	stable ischemic heart disease	634:662	stable ischemic heart disease	634:662	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	6	22	theme	non-ST-segment-elevation	1348:1371	arg1	cohort					1397:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	0	23	theme	stable	147:152	arg1	disease					169:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	5	24	theme	coronary	1267:1274	arg1	syndromes					1276:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	7	25	dep	%	2052:2052	arg1	to					2045:2046	to	2045:2046	to	2045:2046	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	6	26	theme	difference	1457:1466	arg1	lower					1441:1445	lower	1441:1445	lower	1441:1445	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	26	theme	difference	1457:1466	arg1	%					1489:1489	difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30	1457:1523	%	1489:1489	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	0	27	theme	heart	163:167	arg1	disease					169:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	1	28	dep	BACKGROUND	259:268	arg1	defined					410:416	defined	410:416	is not well defined	398:416	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	1	29	from	use	274:276	arg1	patients					338:345	patients	338:345	patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction	338:396	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	4	30	dep	bleeding	864:871	arg1	transfusion					990:1000	transfusion	990:1000	transfusion	990:1000	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	4	30	dep	bleeding	864:871	arg1	thrombolysis					927:938	thrombolysis	927:938	thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding	927:984	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	4	30	dep	bleeding	864:871	arg1	bleeding					917:924	bleeding	917:924	bleeding	917:924	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	8	31	theme	ischemic	2460:2467	arg1	outcomes					2469:2476	ischemic outcomes	2460:2476	ischemic outcomes	2460:2476	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	2	32	theme	heart	650:654	arg1	disease					656:662	stable ischemic heart disease	634:662	stable ischemic heart disease	634:662	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	8	33	theme	percutaneous	2245:2256	arg1	use					2293:2295	bivalirudin use	2281:2295	bivalirudin use	2281:2295	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	8	33	theme	percutaneous	2245:2256	arg1	intervention					2267:2278	percutaneous coronary intervention	2245:2278	percutaneous coronary intervention	2245:2278	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	5	34	theme	non-ST-segment-elevation	1236:1259	arg1	syndromes					1276:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	2	35	theme	registry	560:567	arg1	Evaluation					498:507	the Evaluation	494:507	the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry	494:567	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	5	36	theme	heart	1325:1329	arg1	disease					1331:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	8	37	theme	stent	2481:2485	arg1	thrombosis					2487:2496	stent thrombosis	2481:2496	stent thrombosis	2481:2496	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	6	38	dep	%	1694:1694	arg1	to					1687:1688	to	1687:1688	to	1687:1688	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	7	39	theme	%	2043:2043	arg1	%					2052:2052	difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00	2022:2061	%	2052:2052	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	39	theme	%	2043:2043	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	6	40	theme	%	1480:1480	arg1	lower					1441:1445	lower	1441:1445	lower	1441:1445	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	40	theme	%	1480:1480	arg1	%					1489:1489	difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30	1457:1523	%	1489:1489	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	4	41	theme	infarction/unplanned	1107:1126	arg1	revascularization					1135:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization	1090:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months	1090:1164	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	2	42	theme	bivalirudin	752:762	arg1	monotherapy					764:774	bivalirudin monotherapy	752:774	bivalirudin monotherapy	752:774	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	2	43	dep	METHODS	419:425	arg1	consisted					460:468	consisted	460:468	consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy	460:774	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	4	44	dep	outcomes	1080:1087	arg1	revascularization					1135:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization	1090:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months	1090:1164	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	5	45	theme	stable	1309:1314	arg1	disease					1331:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	7	46	theme	stent	2004:2008	arg1	%					2052:2052	difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00	2022:2061	%	2052:2052	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	46	theme	stent	2004:2008	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	2	47	theme	Drug-Eluting	512:523	arg1	Stents					525:530	Drug-Eluting Stents	512:530	Drug-Eluting Stents	512:530	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	2	48	theme	study	443:447	arg1	population					449:458	The study population	439:458	The study population	439:458	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	0	49	theme	Heparin	0:6	arg1	monotherapy					8:18	Heparin monotherapy	0:18	Heparin monotherapy	0:18	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	1	50	theme	heparin	315:321	arg1	monotherapy					323:333	bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy	281:333	monotherapy	323:333	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	8	51	from	increase	2448:2455	arg1	thrombosis					2487:2496	stent thrombosis	2481:2496	stent thrombosis	2481:2496	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	8	51	from	increase	2448:2455	arg1	outcomes					2469:2476	ischemic outcomes	2460:2476	ischemic outcomes	2460:2476	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	7	52	theme	disease	1747:1753	arg1	cohort					1755:1760	the stable ischemic heart disease cohort	1721:1760	the stable ischemic heart disease cohort	1721:1760	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	6	53	theme	%	1583:1583	arg1	%					1592:1592	1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]	1574:1593	1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]	1574:1593	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	8	54	theme	bivalirudin	2281:2291	arg1	use					2293:2295	bivalirudin use	2281:2295	bivalirudin use	2281:2295	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	8	54	theme	bivalirudin	2281:2291	arg1	intervention					2267:2278	percutaneous coronary intervention	2245:2278	percutaneous coronary intervention	2245:2278	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	2	55	theme	non-ST-segment-elevation	581:604	arg1	syndromes					621:629	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	581:629	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	581:629	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	7	56	theme	ischemic	1732:1739	arg1	disease					1747:1753	the stable ischemic heart disease	1721:1753	the stable ischemic heart disease cohort	1721:1760	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	2	57	theme	Events	545:550	arg1	registry					560:567	Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry	536:567	Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry	536:567	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	0	58	from	Evaluation	195:204	arg1	results					178:184	results	178:184	results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events	178:247	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	6	59	theme	%	1577:1577	arg1	%					1592:1592	1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]	1574:1593	1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]	1574:1593	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	7	60	theme	difference	1920:1929	arg1	%					1950:1950	difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70	1920:1959	%	1950:1950	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	4	61	theme	bleeding	977:984	arg1	infarction					954:963	myocardial infarction	943:963	myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding	943:984	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	0	62	theme	coronary	55:62	arg1	intervention					64:75	percutaneous coronary intervention	42:75	percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease	42:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	1	63	theme	myocardial	376:385	arg1	infarction					387:396	ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction	355:396	ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction	355:396	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	7	64	theme	primary	1911:1917	arg1	outcomes					1984:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	64	theme	primary	1911:1917	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	8	65	theme	coronary	2317:2324	arg1	intervention					2326:2337	percutaneous coronary intervention	2304:2337	percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2304:2391	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	6	66	theme	ischemic	1617:1624	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	66	theme	ischemic	1617:1624	arg1	outcomes					1626:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	7	67	theme	number	1859:1864	arg1	need					1866:1869	number need	1859:1869	number need to treat=53	1859:1881	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	3	68	theme	Propensity	777:786	arg1	score					788:792	Propensity score	777:792	Propensity score matching	777:801	Propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline characteristics.
24736878	8	69	with	patients	2137:2144	arg1	disease					2226:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	8	69	with	patients	2137:2144	arg1	syndromes					2191:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	5	70	theme	Propensity	1183:1192	arg1	score					1194:1198	Propensity score	1183:1198	Propensity score matching	1183:1207	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	6	71	theme	primary	1553:1559	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	71	theme	primary	1553:1559	arg1	outcomes					1626:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	8	72	theme	heparin	2373:2379	arg1	monotherapy					2381:2391	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2358:2391	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2358:2391	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	2	73	theme	percutaneous	679:690	arg1	intervention					701:712	percutaneous coronary intervention	679:712	percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy	679:774	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	0	74	theme	Stents	222:227	arg1	Evaluation					195:204	the Evaluation	191:204	the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events	191:247	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	7	75	theme	difference	2022:2031	arg1	%					2052:2052	difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00	2022:2061	%	2052:2052	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	75	theme	difference	2022:2031	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	0	76	theme	Ischemic	233:240	arg1	Events					242:247	Ischemic Events	233:247	Ischemic Events	233:247	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	7	77	theme	%	1838:1838	arg1	lower					1799:1803	lower	1799:1803	lower	1799:1803	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	77	theme	%	1838:1838	arg1	%					1847:1847	difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53	1815:1881	%	1847:1847	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	6	78	theme	syndrome	1388:1395	arg1	cohort					1397:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	3	79	theme	baseline	826:833	arg1	characteristics					835:849	baseline characteristics	826:849	baseline characteristics	826:849	Propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline characteristics.
24736878	7	80	theme	%	1831:1831	arg1	lower					1799:1803	lower	1799:1803	lower	1799:1803	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	80	theme	%	1831:1831	arg1	%					1847:1847	difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53	1815:1881	%	1847:1847	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	6	81	theme	acute	1373:1377	arg1	cohort					1397:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort	1344:1402	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	8	82	theme	coronary	2182:2189	arg1	syndromes					2191:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	0	83	theme	ischemic	154:161	arg1	disease					169:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	stable ischemic heart disease	147:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	2	84	with	intervention	701:712	arg1	heparin					741:747	unfractionated heparin	726:747	unfractionated heparin	726:747	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	2	84	with	intervention	701:712	arg1	monotherapy					764:774	bivalirudin monotherapy	752:774	bivalirudin monotherapy	752:774	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	8	85	theme	acute	2176:2180	arg1	syndromes					2191:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	2151:2199	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	8	86	theme	significant	2436:2446	arg1	increase					2448:2455	significant increase	2436:2455	significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis	2436:2496	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	4	87	theme	secondary	1061:1069	arg1	outcomes					1080:1087	primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes	1007:1087	primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months)	1007:1165	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	7	88	theme	unfractionated	2083:2096	arg1	monotherapy					2106:2116	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2083:2116	unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2083:2116	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	89	theme	secondary	1965:1973	arg1	outcomes					1984:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	89	theme	secondary	1965:1973	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	2	90	theme	coronary	612:619	arg1	syndromes					621:629	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	581:629	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	581:629	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	8	91	theme	stable	2204:2209	arg1	disease					2226:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	2	92	theme	acute	606:610	arg1	syndromes					621:629	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	581:629	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	581:629	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	4	93	theme	ischemic	1071:1078	arg1	outcomes					1080:1087	primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes	1007:1087	primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months)	1007:1165	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	8	94	theme	heart	2220:2224	arg1	disease					2226:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	7	95	from	increase	1892:1899	arg1	outcomes					1984:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1904:1991	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	95	from	increase	1892:1899	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	2	96	theme	ischemic	641:648	arg1	disease					656:662	stable ischemic heart disease	634:662	stable ischemic heart disease	634:662	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	6	97	theme	stent	1646:1650	arg1	%					1694:1694	difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00	1664:1703	%	1694:1694	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	97	theme	stent	1646:1650	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	5	98	with	patients	1295:1302	arg1	disease					1331:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	5	98	with	patients	1295:1302	arg1	syndromes					1276:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	5	99	theme	acute	1261:1265	arg1	syndromes					1276:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	6	100	theme	%	1685:1685	arg1	%					1694:1694	difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00	1664:1703	%	1694:1694	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	100	theme	%	1685:1685	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	7	101	theme	difference	1815:1824	arg1	lower					1799:1803	lower	1799:1803	lower	1799:1803	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	101	theme	difference	1815:1824	arg1	%					1847:1847	difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53	1815:1881	%	1847:1847	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	8	102	theme	coronary	2258:2265	arg1	use					2293:2295	bivalirudin use	2281:2295	bivalirudin use	2281:2295	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	8	102	theme	coronary	2258:2265	arg1	intervention					2267:2278	percutaneous coronary intervention	2245:2278	percutaneous coronary intervention	2245:2278	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	3	103	used	used	807:810	arg2	score					788:792	Propensity score	777:792	Propensity score matching	777:801	Propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline characteristics.
24736878	0	104	theme	acute	119:123	arg1	syndromes					134:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	0	105	theme	non-ST-segment-elevation	94:117	arg1	syndromes					134:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	6	106	theme	%	1679:1679	arg1	%					1694:1694	difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00	1664:1703	%	1694:1694	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	106	theme	%	1679:1679	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	0	107	theme	coronary	125:132	arg1	syndromes					134:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	94:142	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	4	108	theme	death/myocardial	1090:1105	arg1	revascularization					1135:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization	1090:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months	1090:1164	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	0	109	from	intervention	64:75	arg1	patients					80:87	patients	80:87	patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease	80:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	4	110	from	thrombolysis	927:938	arg1	infarction					954:963	myocardial infarction	943:963	myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding	943:984	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	6	111	dep	primary	1553:1559	arg1	difference					1562:1571	difference	1562:1571	difference	1562:1571	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	4	112	theme	primary	1007:1013	arg1	outcomes					1080:1087	primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes	1007:1087	primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months)	1007:1165	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	4	113	theme	repeat	1128:1133	arg1	revascularization					1135:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization	1090:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months	1090:1164	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	5	114	with	patients	1222:1229	arg1	disease					1331:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	5	114	with	patients	1222:1229	arg1	syndromes					1276:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes	1236:1284	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	5	115	theme	ischemic	1316:1323	arg1	disease					1331:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	stable ischemic heart disease	1309:1337	Propensity score matching yielded 1036 patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes and 2062 patients with stable ischemic heart disease.
24736878	6	116	dep	difference	1562:1571	arg1	P=0.45					1596:1601	P=0.45	1596:1601	P=0.45	1596:1601	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	116	dep	difference	1562:1571	arg1	%					1592:1592	1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]	1574:1593	1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]	1574:1593	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	7	117	theme	bivalirudin	1763:1773	arg1	use					1775:1777	bivalirudin use	1763:1777	bivalirudin use	1763:1777	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	118	dep	%	1950:1950	arg1	to					1943:1944	to	1943:1944	to	1943:1944	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	119	theme	%	1941:1941	arg1	%					1950:1950	difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70	1920:1959	%	1950:1950	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	1	120	theme	monotherapy	323:333	arg1	use					274:276	The use	270:276	The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction	270:396	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	8	121	theme	ischemic	2211:2218	arg1	disease					2226:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	stable ischemic heart disease	2204:2232	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	0	122	theme	percutaneous	42:53	arg1	intervention					64:75	percutaneous coronary intervention	42:75	percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease	42:175	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
24736878	7	123	theme	heart	1741:1745	arg1	disease					1747:1753	the stable ischemic heart disease	1721:1753	the stable ischemic heart disease cohort	1721:1760	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	2	124	theme	Ischemic	536:543	arg1	EVENT					553:557	EVENT	553:557	EVENT	553:557	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	2	124	theme	Ischemic	536:543	arg1	Events					545:550	Ischemic Events	536:550	Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry	536:567	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	4	125	theme	myocardial	943:952	arg1	infarction					954:963	myocardial infarction	943:963	myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding	943:984	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	7	126	dep	primary	1911:1917	arg1	%					1950:1950	difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70	1920:1959	%	1950:1950	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	4	127	dep	primary	1007:1013	arg1	infarction					1045:1054	in-hospital death/myocardial infarction	1016:1054	in-hospital death/myocardial infarction	1016:1054	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	1	128	theme	ST-segment-elevation	355:374	arg1	infarction					387:396	ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction	355:396	ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction	355:396	BACKGROUND The use of bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin monotherapy in patients without ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction is not well defined.
24736878	2	129	theme	Stents	525:530	arg1	Evaluation					498:507	the Evaluation	494:507	the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry	494:567	METHODS AND RESULTS The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events (EVENT) registry with either non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either unfractionated heparin or bivalirudin monotherapy.
24736878	6	130	dep	%	1592:1592	arg1	to					1585:1586	to	1585:1586	to	1585:1586	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	8	131	theme	percutaneous	2304:2315	arg1	intervention					2326:2337	percutaneous coronary intervention	2304:2337	percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy	2304:2391	CONCLUSIONS Among patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, bivalirudin use during percutaneous coronary intervention when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy was associated with lower bleeding without significant increase in ischemic outcomes or stent thrombosis.
24736878	7	132	dep	%	1847:1847	arg1	P=0.01					1851:1856	P=0.01	1851:1856	P=0.01	1851:1856	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	132	dep	%	1847:1847	arg1	need					1866:1869	number need	1859:1869	number need to treat=53	1859:1881	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	132	dep	%	1847:1847	arg1	to					1840:1841	to	1840:1841	to	1840:1841	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	6	133	theme	number	1501:1506	arg1	need					1508:1511	number need	1501:1511	number need to treat=30	1501:1523	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	134	theme	secondary	1607:1615	arg1	thrombosis					1652:1661	stent thrombosis	1646:1661	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00)	1646:1704	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	6	134	theme	secondary	1607:1615	arg1	outcomes					1626:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes	1546:1633	For the non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndrome cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -3.3% [-0.8% to -5.8%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=30) without increase in either primary (difference, 1.2% [4.1% to -1.8%]; P=0.45) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [1.3% to -1.3%]; P=1.00).
24736878	4	135	from	months	1159:1164	arg1	revascularization					1135:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization	1090:1151	death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months	1090:1164	The primary bleeding (in-hospital composite bleeding-access site bleeding, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction major/minor bleeding, or transfusion) and primary (in-hospital death/myocardial infarction) and secondary ischemic outcomes (death/myocardial infarction/unplanned repeat revascularization at 12 months) were evaluated.
24736878	7	136	theme	%	2037:2037	arg1	%					2052:2052	difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00	2022:2061	%	2052:2052	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	7	136	theme	%	2037:2037	arg1	thrombosis					2010:2019	stent thrombosis	2004:2019	stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00)	2004:2062	Similarly, in the stable ischemic heart disease cohort, bivalirudin use was associated with lower bleeding (difference, -1.8% [-0.4% to -3.3%]; P=0.01; number need to treat=53) without increase in either primary (difference, 0.4% [2.3% to -1.5%]; P=0.70) or secondary ischemic outcomes, including stent thrombosis (difference, 0.0% [0.7% to -0.7%]; P=1.00) when compared with unfractionated heparin monotherapy.
24736878	0	137	dep	monotherapy	8:18	arg1	registry					249:256	registry	249:256	registry	249:256	Heparin monotherapy or bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes or stable ischemic heart disease: results from the Evaluation of Drug-Eluting Stents and Ischemic Events registry.
27127028	0	0	theme	modified	110:117	arg1	electrode					133:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	6	1	with	sample	1226:1231	arg1	results					1251:1257	satisfactory results	1238:1257	satisfactory results	1238:1257	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	2	2	theme	physical	437:444	arg1	adsorption					446:455	physical adsorption	437:455	physical adsorption	437:455	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	0	3	theme	nanocomposite	96:108	arg1	electrode					133:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	6	4	theme	blood	1214:1218	arg1	sample					1226:1231	human blood serum sample	1208:1231	human blood serum sample with satisfactory results	1208:1257	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	6	5	theme	satisfactory	1238:1249	arg1	results					1251:1257	satisfactory results	1238:1257	satisfactory results	1238:1257	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	5	6	theme	2.0mM	1078:1082	arg1	range					1060:1064	the range	1056:1064	the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM	1056:1082	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	0	7	theme	carbon	126:131	arg1	electrode					133:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	4	8	theme	electrocatalytic	903:918	arg1	activities					920:929	remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities	885:929	remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities	885:929	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	0	9	theme	glassy	119:124	arg1	electrode					133:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	4	10	theme	strong	896:901	arg1	activities					920:929	remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities	885:929	remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities	885:929	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	5	11	dep	2.0mM	1078:1082	arg1	to					1075:1076	to	1075:1076	to	1075:1076	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	3	12	theme	X-ray	684:688	arg1	EDS					704:706	EDS	704:706	EDS	704:706	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	3	12	theme	X-ray	684:688	arg1	spectroscopy					690:701	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	666:701	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)	666:707	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	6	13	theme	human	1208:1212	arg1	sample					1226:1231	human blood serum sample	1208:1231	human blood serum sample with satisfactory results	1208:1257	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	4	14	theme	electrochemical	728:742	arg1	properties					744:753	The electrochemical properties	724:753	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE	724:786	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	3	15	theme	electron	636:643	arg1	SEM					657:659	SEM	657:659	SEM	657:659	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	3	15	theme	electron	636:643	arg1	microscopy					645:654	scanning electron microscopy	627:654	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	627:660	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	4	16	theme	cyclic	809:814	arg1	CV					829:830	CV	829:830	CV	829:830	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	4	16	theme	cyclic	809:814	arg1	voltammetry					816:826	cyclic voltammetry	809:826	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	809:831	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	2	17	theme	nitrate	489:495	arg1	solution					497:504	copper nitrate solution	482:504	copper nitrate solution	482:504	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	18	mod	modified	391:398	arg1	CuNPs					380:384	CuNPs	380:384	CuNPs	380:384	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	18	mod	modified	391:398	arg3	electrodeposition					461:477	electrodeposition	461:477	electrodeposition	461:477	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	18	mod	modified	391:398	arg1	MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL					356:374	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL	352:374	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL	352:374	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	18	mod	modified	391:398	arg3	adsorption					446:455	physical adsorption	437:455	physical adsorption	437:455	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	19	dep	adsorption	446:455	arg1	the					433:435	the	433:435	the	433:435	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	20	theme	copper	482:487	arg1	solution					497:504	copper nitrate solution	482:504	copper nitrate solution	482:504	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	3	21	theme	energy-dispersive	666:682	arg1	EDS					704:706	EDS	704:706	EDS	704:706	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	3	21	theme	energy-dispersive	666:682	arg1	spectroscopy					690:701	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	666:701	energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)	666:707	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	4	22	theme	CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE	758:786	arg1	properties					744:753	The electrochemical properties	724:753	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE	724:786	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	5	23	contain	possess	992:998	arg1	currents					983:990	The peak currents	974:990	The peak currents	974:990	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	5	23	contain	possess	992:998	arg2	relationship					1009:1020	a linear relationship	1000:1020	a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM	1000:1082	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	2	24	theme	carbon	407:412	arg1	GCE					425:427	GCE	425:427	GCE	425:427	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	24	theme	carbon	407:412	arg1	electrode					414:422	glassy carbon electrode	400:422	glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	400:428	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	3	25	theme	physical	525:532	arg1	morphology					534:543	physical morphology	525:543	physical morphology	525:543	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	0	26	theme	amperometric	25:36	arg1	sensor					56:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	6	27	used	used	1168:1171	arg2	electrode					1154:1162	the modified electrode	1141:1162	the modified electrode	1141:1162	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	2	28	theme	glassy	400:405	arg1	GCE					425:427	GCE	425:427	GCE	425:427	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	28	theme	glassy	400:405	arg1	electrode					414:422	glassy carbon electrode	400:422	glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	400:428	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	1	29	theme	copper	213:218	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	0	30	theme	sensitive	15:23	arg1	sensor					56:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	1	31	theme	nanoparticles/methylene	220:242	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	0	32	theme	peroxide	47:54	arg1	sensor					56:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	3	33	theme	electrode	597:605	arg1	surface					577:583	the surface	573:583	the surface of modified electrode	573:605	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	3	34	theme	chemical	549:556	arg1	composition					558:568	chemical composition	549:568	chemical composition	549:568	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	1	35	theme	blue/multiwall	244:257	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	0	36	theme	hydrogen	38:45	arg1	sensor					56:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	15:61	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	4	37	theme	peroxide	964:971	arg1	reduction					942:950	the reduction	938:950	the reduction of hydrogen peroxide	938:971	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	5	38	theme	linear	1002:1007	arg1	relationship					1009:1020	a linear relationship	1000:1020	a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM	1000:1082	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	1	39	theme	carbon	259:264	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	6	40	theme	modified	1145:1152	arg1	electrode					1154:1162	the modified electrode	1141:1162	the modified electrode	1141:1162	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	3	41	dep	morphology	534:543	arg1	The					521:523	The	521:523	The	521:523	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	6	42	theme	serum	1220:1224	arg1	sample					1226:1231	human blood serum sample	1208:1231	human blood serum sample with satisfactory results	1208:1257	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	3	43	theme	modified	588:595	arg1	electrode					597:605	modified electrode	588:605	modified electrode	588:605	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	0	44	theme	sensor	56:61	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor	0:61	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	3	45	theme	surface	577:583	arg1	morphology					534:543	physical morphology	525:543	physical morphology	525:543	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	3	45	theme	surface	577:583	arg1	composition					558:568	chemical composition	549:568	chemical composition	549:568	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	1	46	theme	sensitive	146:154	arg1	H2O2					175:178	H2O2	175:178	H2O2	175:178	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	1	46	theme	sensitive	146:154	arg1	peroxide					165:172	sensitive hydrogen peroxide	146:172	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor	144:186	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	5	47	with	relationship	1009:1020	arg1	concentration					1031:1043	the concentration	1027:1043	the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM	1027:1082	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	1	48	theme	hydrogen	156:163	arg1	H2O2					175:178	H2O2	175:178	H2O2	175:178	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	1	48	theme	hydrogen	156:163	arg1	peroxide					165:172	sensitive hydrogen peroxide	146:172	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor	144:186	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	1	49	theme	nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic	266:299	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	4	50	dep	voltammetry	816:826	arg1	techniques					849:858	techniques	849:858	techniques	849:858	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	5	51	theme	detection	1093:1101	arg1	limit					1103:1107	the detection limit	1089:1107	the detection limit	1089:1107	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	5	51	theme	detection	1093:1101	arg1	55.0nM					1112:1117	55.0nM	1112:1117	55.0nM (S/N=3)	1112:1125	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	1	52	theme	peroxide	165:172	arg1	sensor					181:186	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor	144:186	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor	144:186	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	1	53	theme	liquid	301:306	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
27127028	0	54	theme	CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL	71:94	arg1	electrode					133:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode	69:141	Development of sensitive amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor using a CuNPs/MB/MWCNT-C60-Cs-IL nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode.
27127028	2	55	theme	solution	497:504	arg1	electrodeposition					461:477	electrodeposition	461:477	electrodeposition	461:477	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	2	55	theme	solution	497:504	arg1	adsorption					446:455	physical adsorption	437:455	physical adsorption	437:455	The MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL and CuNPs were modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the physical adsorption and electrodeposition of copper nitrate solution, respectively.
27127028	4	56	theme	hydrogen	955:962	arg1	peroxide					964:971	hydrogen peroxide	955:971	hydrogen peroxide	955:971	The electrochemical properties of CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL/GCE were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques and the sensor exhibited remarkably strong electrocatalytic activities toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
27127028	5	57	from	concentration	1031:1043	arg1	range					1060:1064	the range	1056:1064	the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM	1056:1082	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	5	58	theme	H2O2	1048:1051	arg1	concentration					1031:1043	the concentration	1027:1043	the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM	1027:1082	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	6	59	theme	H2O2	1186:1189	arg1	concentration					1191:1203	H2O2 concentration	1186:1203	H2O2 concentration	1186:1203	In addition, the modified electrode was used to determine H2O2 concentration in human blood serum sample with satisfactory results.
27127028	5	60	theme	peak	978:981	arg1	currents					983:990	The peak currents	974:990	The peak currents	974:990	The peak currents possess a linear relationship with the concentration of H2O2 in the range of 0.2μM to 2.0mM, and the detection limit is 55.0nM (S/N=3).
27127028	3	61	theme	scanning	627:634	arg1	SEM					657:659	SEM	657:659	SEM	657:659	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	3	61	theme	scanning	627:634	arg1	microscopy					645:654	scanning electron microscopy	627:654	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	627:660	The physical morphology and chemical composition of the surface of modified electrode was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively.
27127028	1	62	theme	CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL	309:333	arg1	nanocomposites					336:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites	213:349	A sensitive hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was constructed based on copper nanoparticles/methylene blue/multiwall carbon nanotubes-fullerene-chitosan-ionic liquid (CuNPs/MB/MWCNTs-C60-Cs-IL) nanocomposites.
25817398	0	0	from	yeast	19:23	arg1	form					36:39	hyphal form	29:39	hyphal form of Candida albicans	29:59	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	0	0	from	yeast	19:23	arg1	Mannoproteins					0:12	Mannoproteins	0:12	Mannoproteins from yeast	0:23	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	7	1	theme	-linked	961:967	arg1	units					984:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units	952:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety	952:1010	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	6	2	theme	serotype	873:880	arg1	B					882:882	serotype B	873:882	66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B	849:882	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	3	theme	mannose	778:784	arg1	mannose					778:784	mannose	778:784	mannose	778:784	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	3	theme	mannose	778:784	arg1	amounts					767:773	higher amounts	760:773	higher amounts of mannose	760:784	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	1	4	theme	mannoproteins	167:179	arg1	composition					152:162	carbohydrate composition	139:162	carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	139:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	2	5	from	serotypes	305:313	arg1	mannoproteins					281:293	Yeast mannoproteins	275:293	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes	275:313	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	5	6	theme	yeast	655:659	arg1	mannoproteins					672:684	yeast and hyphal mannoproteins	655:684	yeast and hyphal mannoproteins using cetavlon fractionation	655:713	Subsequently, mannans were prepared from yeast and hyphal mannoproteins using cetavlon fractionation.
25817398	7	7	from	A	940:940	arg1	mannans					918:924	mannans	918:924	mannans from serotype A	918:940	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	6	8	theme	higher	760:765	arg1	mannose					778:784	mannose	778:784	mannose	778:784	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	8	theme	higher	760:765	arg1	amounts					767:773	higher amounts	760:773	higher amounts of mannose	760:784	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	2	9	theme	Yeast	275:279	arg1	mannoproteins					281:293	Yeast mannoproteins	275:293	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes	275:313	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	4	10	theme	HPLC	525:528	arg1	profiles					530:537	HPLC profiles	525:537	HPLC profiles of yeast mannoproteins	525:560	Moreover, HPLC profiles of yeast mannoproteins were more complex compared to those of hyphal form.
25817398	9	11	from	yeast	1091:1095	arg1	shift					1080:1084	The shift	1076:1084	The shift from yeast to hyphal form	1076:1110	The shift from yeast to hyphal form probably led to simplification of mannan structure.
25817398	9	12	theme	mannan	1146:1151	arg1	structure					1153:1161	mannan structure	1146:1161	mannan structure	1146:1161	The shift from yeast to hyphal form probably led to simplification of mannan structure.
25817398	3	13	from	%	468:468	arg1	content					454:460	protein content	446:460	protein content	446:460	Another difference was in protein content, 47-53% for yeasts, 3-4.5% for hyphae, respectively.
25817398	5	14	theme	hyphal	665:670	arg1	mannoproteins					672:684	yeast and hyphal mannoproteins	655:684	yeast and hyphal mannoproteins using cetavlon fractionation	655:713	Subsequently, mannans were prepared from yeast and hyphal mannoproteins using cetavlon fractionation.
25817398	6	15	theme	serotype	811:818	arg1	B					820:820	serotype B	811:820	91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B	787:820	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	8	16	theme	hyphal	1022:1027	arg1	mannans					1029:1035	hyphal mannans	1022:1035	hyphal mannans	1022:1035	Further, hyphal mannans were less branched than yeast mannans.
25817398	4	17	theme	hyphal	601:606	arg1	form					608:611	hyphal form	601:611	hyphal form	601:611	Moreover, HPLC profiles of yeast mannoproteins were more complex compared to those of hyphal form.
25817398	0	18	theme	protein	95:101	arg1	content					103:109	protein content	95:109	protein content	95:109	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	8	19	theme	yeast	1061:1065	arg1	mannans					1067:1073	yeast mannans	1061:1073	yeast mannans	1061:1073	Further, hyphal mannans were less branched than yeast mannans.
25817398	1	20	from	differences	124:134	arg1	composition					152:162	carbohydrate composition	139:162	carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	139:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	7	21	from	B	915:915	arg1	mannans					893:899	mannans	893:899	mannans from serotype B	893:915	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	6	22	dep	%	871:871	arg1	B					882:882	serotype B	873:882	66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B	849:882	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	23	from	serotypes	740:748	arg1	Mannans					716:722	Mannans	716:722	Mannans from both yeast serotypes	716:748	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	9	24	theme	structure	1153:1161	arg1	simplification					1128:1141	simplification	1128:1141	simplification of mannan structure	1128:1161	The shift from yeast to hyphal form probably led to simplification of mannan structure.
25817398	2	25	theme	same	355:358	arg1	parts					360:364	the same parts	351:364	the same parts from hyphal cells	351:382	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	6	26	dep	%	809:809	arg1	B					820:820	serotype B	811:820	91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B	787:820	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	27	dep	contained	750:758	arg1	%					853:853	66.4%	849:853	66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B	849:882	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	27	dep	contained	750:758	arg1	%					791:791	91.4%	787:791	91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B	787:820	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	7	28	theme	mannopyranosyl	969:982	arg1	units					984:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units	952:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety	952:1010	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	7	29	dep	-linked	961:967	arg1	→					957:957	1 → 2	955:959	1 → 2	955:959	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	2	30	dep	46	331:332	arg1	to					328:329	to	328:329	to	328:329	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	1	31	theme	hyphal	205:210	arg1	walls					217:221	hyphal cell walls	205:221	hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	205:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	7	32	contain	contained	942:950	arg2	units					984:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units	952:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety	952:1010	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	7	32	contain	contained	942:950	arg1	mannans					918:924	mannans	918:924	mannans from serotype A	918:940	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	1	33	theme	cell	212:215	arg1	walls					217:221	hyphal cell walls	205:221	hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	205:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	7	34	theme	acid-stable	993:1003	arg1	moiety					1005:1010	acid-stable moiety	993:1010	acid-stable moiety	993:1010	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	6	35	theme	serotype	855:862	arg1	A					864:864	serotype A	855:864	66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B	849:882	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	1	36	dep	serotypes	244:252	arg1	serotypes					244:252	serotypes A and B	244:260	serotypes A and B	244:260	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	1	36	dep	serotypes	244:252	arg1	B					260:260	B	260:260	B	260:260	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	1	36	dep	serotypes	244:252	arg1	A					254:254	A	254:254	A	254:254	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	7	37	link	-linked	961:967	arg1	units					984:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units	952:988	β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety	952:1010	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	0	38	theme	hyphal	29:34	arg1	form					36:39	hyphal form	29:39	hyphal form of Candida albicans	29:59	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	7	39	theme	serotype	931:938	arg1	A					940:940	serotype A	931:940	serotype A	931:940	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	6	40	theme	serotype	793:800	arg1	A					802:802	serotype A	793:802	91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B	787:820	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	2	41	theme	hyphal	371:376	arg1	cells					378:382	hyphal cells	371:382	hyphal cells	371:382	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	0	42	theme	Candida	44:50	arg1	albicans					52:59	Candida albicans	44:59	Candida albicans	44:59	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	6	43	dep	%	791:791	arg1	A					802:802	serotype A	793:802	91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B	787:820	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	43	dep	%	791:791	arg1	%					809:809	92.8%	805:809	91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B	787:820	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	5	44	theme	cetavlon	692:699	arg1	fractionation					701:713	cetavlon fractionation	692:713	cetavlon fractionation	692:713	Subsequently, mannans were prepared from yeast and hyphal mannoproteins using cetavlon fractionation.
25817398	3	45	theme	protein	446:452	arg1	content					454:460	protein content	446:460	protein content	446:460	Another difference was in protein content, 47-53% for yeasts, 3-4.5% for hyphae, respectively.
25817398	2	46	theme	mannan	412:417	arg1	%					407:407	only about 14%	394:407	only about 14% of mannan	394:417	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	2	46	theme	mannan	412:417	arg1	mannan					412:417	mannan	412:417	mannan	412:417	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	6	47	from	hyphae	841:846	arg1	mannans					828:834	mannans	828:834	mannans from hyphae	828:846	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	9	48	theme	hyphal	1100:1105	arg1	form					1107:1110	hyphal form	1100:1110	hyphal form	1100:1110	The shift from yeast to hyphal form probably led to simplification of mannan structure.
25817398	1	49	theme	Significant	112:122	arg1	differences					124:134	Significant differences	112:134	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	112:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	7	50	theme	serotype	906:913	arg1	B					915:915	serotype B	906:915	serotype B	906:915	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	6	51	theme	yeast	734:738	arg1	serotypes					740:748	both yeast serotypes	729:748	both yeast serotypes	729:748	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	1	52	theme	Candida	226:232	arg1	serotypes					244:252	serotypes A and B	244:260	serotypes A and B	244:260	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	1	52	theme	Candida	226:232	arg1	albicans					234:241	Candida albicans	226:241	Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	226:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	2	53	contain	contained	384:392	arg1	parts					360:364	the same parts	351:364	the same parts from hyphal cells	351:382	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	2	53	contain	contained	384:392	arg2	mannan					412:417	mannan	412:417	mannan	412:417	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	2	53	contain	contained	384:392	arg2	%					407:407	only about 14%	394:407	only about 14% of mannan	394:417	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	2	54	from	cells	378:382	arg1	parts					360:364	the same parts	351:364	the same parts from hyphal cells	351:382	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	6	55	dep	%	853:853	arg1	A					864:864	serotype A	855:864	66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B	849:882	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	55	dep	%	853:853	arg1	%					871:871	76.3%	867:871	66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B	849:882	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	1	56	theme	albicans	234:241	arg1	yeast					195:199	yeast	195:199	yeast	195:199	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	1	56	theme	albicans	234:241	arg1	walls					217:221	hyphal cell walls	205:221	hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	205:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	6	57	contain	contained	750:758	arg2	amounts					767:773	higher amounts	760:773	higher amounts of mannose	760:784	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	57	contain	contained	750:758	arg1	Mannans					716:722	Mannans	716:722	Mannans from both yeast serotypes	716:748	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	6	57	contain	contained	750:758	arg2	mannose					778:784	mannose	778:784	mannose	778:784	Mannans from both yeast serotypes contained higher amounts of mannose (91.4% serotype A; 92.8% serotype B) than mannans from hyphae (66.4% serotype A; 76.3% serotype B).
25817398	1	58	theme	carbohydrate	139:150	arg1	composition					152:162	carbohydrate composition	139:162	carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B)	139:261	Significant differences in carbohydrate composition of mannoproteins obtained from yeast and hyphal cell walls of Candida albicans (serotypes A and B) were found.
25817398	4	59	theme	mannoproteins	548:560	arg1	profiles					530:537	HPLC profiles	525:537	HPLC profiles of yeast mannoproteins	525:560	Moreover, HPLC profiles of yeast mannoproteins were more complex compared to those of hyphal form.
25817398	0	60	theme	albicans	52:59	arg1	form					36:39	hyphal form	29:39	hyphal form of Candida albicans	29:59	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	0	60	theme	albicans	52:59	arg1	Mannoproteins					0:12	Mannoproteins	0:12	Mannoproteins from yeast	0:23	Mannoproteins from yeast and hyphal form of Candida albicans considerably differ in mannan and protein content.
25817398	7	61	from	units	984:988	arg1	moiety					1005:1010	acid-stable moiety	993:1010	acid-stable moiety	993:1010	Unlike mannans from serotype B, mannans from serotype A contained β-(1 → 2)-linked mannopyranosyl units in acid-stable moiety.
25817398	2	62	theme	mannan	338:343	arg1	mannan					338:343	mannan	338:343	mannan	338:343	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	2	62	theme	mannan	338:343	arg1	%					333:333	up to 46%	325:333	up to 46% of mannan	325:343	Yeast mannoproteins from both serotypes consisted up to 46% of mannan while the same parts from hyphal cells contained only about 14% of mannan.
25817398	4	63	theme	yeast	542:546	arg1	mannoproteins					548:560	yeast mannoproteins	542:560	yeast mannoproteins	542:560	Moreover, HPLC profiles of yeast mannoproteins were more complex compared to those of hyphal form.
25370993	0	0	theme	zofingiensis	93:104	arg1	recovery					50:57	recovery	50:57	recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	50:104	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.
25370993	7	1	theme	nitrogen	1495:1502	arg1	resupply					1504:1511	nitrogen resupply	1495:1511	nitrogen resupply	1495:1511	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	4	2	theme	consumption	703:713	arg1	rate					715:718	the nitrogen consumption rate	690:718	the nitrogen consumption rate	690:718	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	1	3	theme	secondary	163:171	arg1	carotenoids					173:183	secondary carotenoids	163:183	secondary carotenoids	163:183	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	4	theme	nitrogen-starved	251:266	arg1	Chlorophyta					296:306	Chlorophyta	296:306	Chlorophyta	296:306	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	4	theme	nitrogen-starved	251:266	arg1	zofingiensis					282:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	251:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta)	251:307	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	4	theme	nitrogen-starved	251:266	arg1	microalga					342:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	0	5	theme	Chromochloris	79:91	arg1	zofingiensis					93:104	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	62:104	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	62:104	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.
25370993	8	6	theme	observed	1518:1525	arg1	recovery					1533:1540	The observed rapid recovery	1514:1540	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis	1514:1559	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	4	7	theme	culture	870:876	arg1	recovery					878:885	culture recovery	870:885	culture recovery	870:885	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	1	8	theme	carotenoids	173:183	arg1	kinetics					151:158	the kinetics	147:158	the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components	147:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	9	theme	Chromochloris	268:280	arg1	Chlorophyta					296:306	Chlorophyta	296:306	Chlorophyta	296:306	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	9	theme	Chromochloris	268:280	arg1	zofingiensis					282:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	251:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta)	251:307	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	9	theme	Chromochloris	268:280	arg1	microalga					342:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	2	10	from	rate	458:461	arg1	culture					502:508	an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture	471:508	an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture	471:508	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	5	11	theme	energy	1042:1047	arg1	source					1049:1054	carbon and energy source	1031:1054	source	1049:1054	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	5	12	theme	starch	979:984	arg1	degradation					956:966	rapid degradation	950:966	rapid degradation of TAG and starch	950:984	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	8	13	theme	cultivations	1741:1752	arg1	series					1708:1713	a series	1706:1713	a series of classical single batch cultivations	1706:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	6	14	theme	main	1229:1232	arg1	carotenoid					1244:1253	the main secondary carotenoid	1225:1253	the main secondary carotenoid	1225:1253	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	14	theme	main	1229:1232	arg1	astaxanthin					1212:1222	astaxanthin	1212:1222	astaxanthin	1212:1222	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	3	15	theme	membrane	569:576	arg1	lipids					579:584	polar (membrane) lipids	562:584	polar (membrane) lipids	562:584	Simultaneously, chlorophylls, primary carotenoids, polar (membrane) lipids and proteins were rapidly produced.
25370993	8	16	theme	classical	1718:1726	arg1	cultivations					1741:1752	classical single batch cultivations	1718:1752	classical single batch cultivations	1718:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	8	17	theme	rapid	1527:1531	arg1	recovery					1533:1540	The observed rapid recovery	1514:1540	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis	1514:1559	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	7	18	theme	first	1349:1353	arg1	This					1337:1340	This	1337:1340	This	1337:1340	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	7	18	theme	first	1349:1353	arg1	time					1355:1358	the first time	1345:1358	the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply	1345:1511	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	19	dep	2 days	1305:1310	arg1	resupply					1327:1334	nitrogen resupply	1318:1334	nitrogen resupply	1318:1334	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	2	20	theme	nitrogen-replete	485:500	arg1	culture					502:508	an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture	471:508	an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture	471:508	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	3	21	theme	polar	562:566	arg1	lipids					579:584	polar (membrane) lipids	562:584	polar (membrane) lipids	562:584	Simultaneously, chlorophylls, primary carotenoids, polar (membrane) lipids and proteins were rapidly produced.
25370993	6	22	theme	secondary	1092:1100	arg1	canthaxanthin					1114:1126	canthaxanthin	1114:1126	canthaxanthin	1114:1126	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	22	theme	secondary	1092:1100	arg1	carotenoids					1102:1112	the secondary carotenoids	1088:1112	the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein	1088:1141	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	22	theme	secondary	1092:1100	arg1	ketolutein					1132:1141	ketolutein	1132:1141	ketolutein	1132:1141	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	1	23	theme	triacylglycerol	186:200	arg1	kinetics					151:158	the kinetics	147:158	the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components	147:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	4	24	theme	production	744:753	arg1	rate					755:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	8	25	theme	single	1728:1733	arg1	cultivations					1741:1752	classical single batch cultivations	1718:1752	classical single batch cultivations	1718:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	7	26	dep	described	1396:1404	arg1	found					1452:1456	found	1452:1456	was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply	1448:1511	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	2	27	dep	rate	458:461	arg1	times					445:449	times	445:449	times	445:449	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	4	28	theme	biomass	736:742	arg1	rate					755:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	0	29	theme	composition	20:30	arg1	Dynamics					0:7	Dynamics	0:7	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.	0:105	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.
25370993	8	30	theme	zofingiensis	1548:1559	arg1	recovery					1533:1540	The observed rapid recovery	1514:1540	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis	1514:1559	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	8	30	theme	zofingiensis	1548:1559	arg1	delay					1569:1573	the delay	1565:1573	the delay in astaxanthin degradation	1565:1600	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	7	31	dep	time	1355:1358	arg1	described					1396:1404	described	1396:1404	has been described in detail	1387:1414	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	5	32	theme	TAG	971:973	arg1	degradation					956:966	rapid degradation	950:966	rapid degradation of TAG and starch	950:984	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	6	33	dep	carotenoids	1102:1112	arg1	canthaxanthin					1114:1126	canthaxanthin	1114:1126	canthaxanthin	1114:1126	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	33	dep	carotenoids	1102:1112	arg1	carotenoids					1102:1112	the secondary carotenoids	1088:1112	the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein	1088:1141	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	33	dep	carotenoids	1102:1112	arg1	ketolutein					1132:1141	ketolutein	1132:1141	ketolutein	1132:1141	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	2	34	theme	four	440:443	arg1	times					445:449	times	445:449	times	445:449	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	0	35	theme	biomass	12:18	arg1	composition					20:30	biomass composition	12:30	biomass composition	12:30	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.
25370993	8	36	theme	higher	1660:1665	arg1	productivity					1688:1699	a higher secondary carotenoid productivity	1658:1699	a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations	1658:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	6	37	theme	astaxanthin	1212:1222	arg1	degradation					1197:1207	degradation	1197:1207	degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid,	1197:1254	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	4	38	theme	nitrogen	694:701	arg1	rate					715:718	the nitrogen consumption rate	690:718	the nitrogen consumption rate	690:718	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	3	39	theme	primary	541:547	arg1	carotenoids					549:559	primary carotenoids	541:559	primary carotenoids	541:559	Simultaneously, chlorophylls, primary carotenoids, polar (membrane) lipids and proteins were rapidly produced.
25370993	0	40	theme	growth	36:41	arg1	Dynamics					0:7	Dynamics	0:7	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.	0:105	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.
25370993	4	41	theme	primary	658:664	arg1	metabolites					666:676	these primary metabolites	652:676	these primary metabolites	652:676	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	5	42	theme	carbon	1031:1036	arg1	source					1049:1054	carbon and energy source	1031:1054	source	1049:1054	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	8	43	theme	secondary	1667:1675	arg1	productivity					1688:1699	a higher secondary carotenoid productivity	1658:1699	a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations	1658:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	1	44	theme	primary	212:218	arg1	components					225:234	primary cell components	212:234	primary cell components	212:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	2	45	theme	equivalent	474:483	arg1	culture					502:508	an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture	471:508	an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture	471:508	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	1	46	theme	oleaginous	313:322	arg1	zofingiensis					282:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	251:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta)	251:307	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	46	theme	oleaginous	313:322	arg1	microalga					342:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	47	theme	cell	220:223	arg1	components					225:234	primary cell components	212:234	primary cell components	212:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	8	48	from	recovery	1533:1540	arg1	degradation					1590:1600	astaxanthin degradation	1578:1600	astaxanthin degradation	1578:1600	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	8	49	theme	astaxanthin	1578:1588	arg1	degradation					1590:1600	astaxanthin degradation	1578:1600	astaxanthin degradation	1578:1600	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	8	50	from	delay	1569:1573	arg1	degradation					1590:1600	astaxanthin degradation	1578:1600	astaxanthin degradation	1578:1600	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	4	51	theme	nitrogen-replete	825:840	arg1	conditions					842:851	nitrogen-replete conditions	825:851	nitrogen-replete conditions	825:851	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	1	52	theme	nitrogen	121:128	arg1	replenishment					130:142	nitrogen replenishment	121:142	nitrogen replenishment	121:142	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	53	theme	carotenogenic	328:340	arg1	zofingiensis					282:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	251:293	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta)	251:307	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	53	theme	carotenogenic	328:340	arg1	microalga					342:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga	310:350	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	2	54	dep	times	445:449	arg1	higher					451:456	higher	451:456	higher	451:456	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	1	55	theme	replenishment	130:142	arg1	effect					111:116	The effect	107:116	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components	107:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	1	56	from	effect	111:116	arg1	kinetics					151:158	the kinetics	147:158	the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components	147:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	7	57	theme	culture	1370:1376	arg1	recovery					1378:1385	such culture recovery	1365:1385	such culture recovery	1365:1385	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	58	theme	secondary	1234:1242	arg1	carotenoid					1244:1253	the main secondary carotenoid	1225:1253	the main secondary carotenoid	1225:1253	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	6	58	theme	secondary	1234:1242	arg1	astaxanthin					1212:1222	astaxanthin	1212:1222	astaxanthin	1212:1222	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	4	59	theme	overall	728:734	arg1	rate					755:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	6	60	theme	nitrogen	1170:1177	arg1	resupply					1179:1186	nitrogen resupply	1170:1186	nitrogen resupply	1170:1186	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	1	61	theme	components	225:234	arg1	kinetics					151:158	the kinetics	147:158	the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components	147:234	The effect of nitrogen replenishment on the kinetics of secondary carotenoids, triacylglycerol (TAG) and primary cell components was studied in nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyta), an oleaginous and carotenogenic microalga.
25370993	6	62	theme	nitrogen	1318:1325	arg1	resupply					1327:1334	nitrogen resupply	1318:1334	nitrogen resupply	1318:1334	Also, the secondary carotenoids canthaxanthin and ketolutein were rapidly degraded upon nitrogen resupply, whereas degradation of astaxanthin, the main secondary carotenoid, started only when the cells were fully recovered 2 days after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	5	63	theme	recovery	1064:1071	arg1	process					1073:1079	the recovery process	1060:1079	the recovery process	1060:1079	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	4	64	theme	equivalent	784:793	arg1	values					777:782	values	777:782	values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions	777:851	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	5	65	theme	rapid	950:954	arg1	degradation					956:966	rapid degradation	950:966	rapid degradation of TAG and starch	950:984	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	8	66	theme	carotenoid	1677:1686	arg1	productivity					1688:1699	a higher secondary carotenoid productivity	1658:1699	a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations	1658:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	8	67	theme	batch	1735:1739	arg1	cultivations					1741:1752	classical single batch cultivations	1718:1752	classical single batch cultivations	1718:1752	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	0	68	theme	nitrogen-starved	62:77	arg1	zofingiensis					93:104	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	62:104	nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis	62:104	Dynamics of biomass composition and growth during recovery of nitrogen-starved Chromochloris zofingiensis.
25370993	2	69	theme	starvation	391:400	arg1	period					381:386	a period	379:386	a period of starvation	379:400	Nitrogen resupplied after a period of starvation was initially consumed at a more than four times higher rate than in an equivalent nitrogen-replete culture.
25370993	4	70	theme	metabolites	666:676	arg1	rate					755:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	the overall biomass production rate	724:758	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	4	70	theme	metabolites	666:676	arg1	contents					640:647	the contents	636:647	the contents of these primary metabolites	636:676	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	4	70	theme	metabolites	666:676	arg1	rate					715:718	the nitrogen consumption rate	690:718	the nitrogen consumption rate	690:718	After 2 days, the contents of these primary metabolites, as well as the nitrogen consumption rate and the overall biomass production rate, had returned to values equivalent to those of cells grown under nitrogen-replete conditions, indicating that culture recovery required 2 days.
25370993	8	71	theme	batch	1626:1630	arg1	cultivation					1632:1642	a repeated batch cultivation	1615:1642	a repeated batch cultivation	1615:1642	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25370993	7	72	theme	such	1365:1368	arg1	recovery					1378:1385	such culture recovery	1365:1385	such culture recovery	1365:1385	This is the first time that such culture recovery has been described in detail and, moreover, that astaxanthin was found to be not immediately degraded after nitrogen resupply.
25370993	5	73	theme	Nitrogen	904:911	arg1	resupply					913:920	Nitrogen resupply	904:920	Nitrogen resupply	904:920	Nitrogen resupply was immediately followed by rapid degradation of TAG and starch, suggesting that these metabolites served as carbon and energy source for the recovery process.
25370993	8	74	theme	repeated	1617:1624	arg1	cultivation					1632:1642	a repeated batch cultivation	1615:1642	a repeated batch cultivation	1615:1642	The observed rapid recovery of C. zofingiensis and the delay in astaxanthin degradation suggest that a repeated batch cultivation may result in a higher secondary carotenoid productivity than a series of classical single batch cultivations.
25117250	0	0	theme	cell	71:74	arg1	surface					76:82	cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	71:158	cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	71:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	3	1	theme	adsorption	730:739	arg1	ligation					644:651	the chemical ligation	631:651	the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds	631:686	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	3	1	theme	adsorption	730:739	arg1	prevention					696:705	the prevention	692:705	the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently	692:752	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	8	2	theme	hydrodynamic	1862:1873	arg1	diameter					1875:1882	hydrodynamic diameter	1862:1882	hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1862:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	3	3	theme	thiol	521:525	arg1	derivative					527:536	an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative	498:536	an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative	498:536	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	7	4	from	residues	1422:1429	arg1	oligosaccharides					1456:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	5	theme	sialic	1578:1583	arg1	lectins					1602:1608	sialic acid-recognizing lectins	1578:1608	sialic acid-recognizing lectins	1578:1608	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	2	6	gly	glycosylated	382:393	arg1	derivatives					395:405	glycosylated derivatives	382:405	glycosylated derivatives	382:405	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	0	7	from	usage	10:14	arg1	animals					53:59	live animals	48:59	live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	48:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	1	8	gly	glycosylated	171:182	arg1	derivatives					184:194	glycosylated derivatives	171:194	glycosylated derivatives	171:194	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	1	8	gly	glycosylated	171:182	arg1	tag					201:203	a tag	199:203	a tag	199:203	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	3	9	theme	derivative	527:536	arg1	use					491:493	Combined use	482:493	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative	482:576	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	5	10	theme	distinct	986:993	arg1	delocalization					1005:1018	distinct long-term delocalization	986:1018	distinct long-term delocalization over 2 h	986:1027	It has revealed that distinct long-term delocalization over 2 h can be observed depending on the species of glycans ligated to PC-QDs at least in the liver.
25117250	0	11	theme	mimetic	84:90	arg1	dots					146:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots	113:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	113:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	0	11	theme	mimetic	84:90	arg1	glyco-nanoparticles					92:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	3	12	theme	nonspecific	710:720	arg1	adsorption					730:739	nonspecific protein adsorption	710:739	nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently	710:752	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	6	13	theme	live	1152:1155	arg1	imaging					1164:1170	live animal imaging	1152:1170	live animal imaging	1152:1170	Until today we have performed live animal imaging utilizing various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs.
25117250	7	14	dep	different	1307:1315	arg1	in					1317:1318	in	1317:1318	in	1317:1318	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	8	15	theme	fluorescence	1728:1739	arg1	photometry					1741:1750	versatile NIR fluorescence photometry	1714:1750	versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1714:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	1	16	theme	endogenous	255:264	arg1	lectins					266:272	endogenous lectins	255:272	endogenous lectins	255:272	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	5	17	theme	long-term	995:1003	arg1	delocalization					1005:1018	distinct long-term delocalization	986:1018	distinct long-term delocalization over 2 h	986:1027	It has revealed that distinct long-term delocalization over 2 h can be observed depending on the species of glycans ligated to PC-QDs at least in the liver.
25117250	7	18	theme	acid-recognizing	1585:1600	arg1	lectins					1602:1608	sialic acid-recognizing lectins	1578:1608	sialic acid-recognizing lectins	1578:1608	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	1	19	theme	lectins	266:272	arg1	counter-receptor					235:250	novel counter-receptor	229:250	novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules	229:297	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	4	20	theme	simple	865:870	arg1	sugars					872:877	various simple sugars	857:877	various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs)	857:892	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	4	20	theme	simple	865:870	arg1	glyco-PC-QDs					880:891	glyco-PC-QDs	880:891	glyco-PC-QDs	880:891	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	8	21	theme	versatile	1714:1722	arg1	photometry					1741:1750	versatile NIR fluorescence photometry	1714:1750	versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1714:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	3	22	theme	phosphorylcholine	544:560	arg1	derivative					567:576	a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative	542:576	a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative	542:576	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	8	23	theme	pathway	1811:1817	arg1	influence					1760:1768	influence	1760:1768	influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1760:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	1	24	theme	glycosylated	171:182	arg1	derivatives					184:194	glycosylated derivatives	171:194	glycosylated derivatives	171:194	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	1	24	theme	glycosylated	171:182	arg1	tag					201:203	a tag	199:203	a tag	199:203	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	7	25	theme	individual	1438:1447	arg1	oligosaccharides					1456:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	4	26	theme	fluorescence	818:829	arg1	imaging					831:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging	798:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse	798:945	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	0	27	dep	surface	76:82	arg1	dots					146:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots	113:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	113:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	0	27	dep	surface	76:82	arg1	glyco-nanoparticles					92:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	8	28	theme	size-dependent	1773:1786	arg1	pathway					1811:1817	size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway	1773:1817	size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1773:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	7	29	theme	sialyl	1449:1454	arg1	oligosaccharides					1456:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	3	30	theme	quantum	587:593	arg1	QDs					601:603	QDs	601:603	QDs	601:603	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	3	30	theme	quantum	587:593	arg1	dots					595:598	quantum dots	587:598	quantum dots (QDs)	587:604	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	8	31	theme	standardized	1630:1641	arg1	protocol					1643:1650	a standardized protocol	1628:1650	a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1628:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	0	32	theme	Potential	0:8	arg1	usage					10:14	Potential usage	0:14	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).	0:159	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	7	33	theme	organ-specific	1499:1512	arg1	equivalent					1544:1553	equivalent	1544:1553	equivalent	1544:1553	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	33	theme	organ-specific	1499:1512	arg1	distribution					1514:1525	the final organ-specific distribution	1489:1525	the final organ-specific distribution	1489:1525	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	34	theme	neighboring	1404:1414	arg1	residues					1422:1429	the neighboring sugar residues	1400:1429	the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1400:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	35	theme	tissue	1341:1346	arg1	distribution					1348:1359	the tissue distribution	1337:1359	the tissue distribution	1337:1359	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	2	36	theme	derivatives	395:405	arg1	construction					411:422	construction	411:422	construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first	411:479	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	2	36	theme	derivatives	395:405	arg1	preparation					367:377	preparation	367:377	preparation of glycosylated derivatives	367:405	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	0	37	theme	in	20:21	arg1	screening					35:43	in vivo lectin screening	20:43	in vivo lectin screening	20:43	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	1	38	theme	lectin-like	277:287	arg1	molecules					289:297	lectin-like molecules	277:297	lectin-like molecules	277:297	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	0	39	theme	quantum	138:144	arg1	dots					146:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots	113:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	113:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	0	39	theme	quantum	138:144	arg1	glyco-nanoparticles					92:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	0	39	theme	quantum	138:144	arg1	PC-QDs					152:157	PC-QDs	152:157	PC-QDs	152:157	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	6	40	theme	glyco-PC-QDs	1206:1217	arg1	kinds					1190:1194	various kinds	1182:1194	various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs	1182:1217	Until today we have performed live animal imaging utilizing various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs.
25117250	3	41	theme	derivative	567:576	arg1	use					491:493	Combined use	482:493	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative	482:576	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	8	42	theme	accumulation/excretion	1788:1809	arg1	pathway					1811:1817	size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway	1773:1817	size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1773:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	1	43	theme	molecules	289:297	arg1	counter-receptor					235:250	novel counter-receptor	229:250	novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules	229:297	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
25117250	0	44	theme	phosphorylcholine-coated	113:136	arg1	dots					146:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots	113:149	phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	113:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	0	44	theme	phosphorylcholine-coated	113:136	arg1	glyco-nanoparticles					92:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	mimetic glyco-nanoparticles	84:110	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	0	44	theme	phosphorylcholine-coated	113:136	arg1	PC-QDs					152:157	PC-QDs	152:157	PC-QDs	152:157	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	3	45	theme	Combined	482:489	arg1	use					491:493	Combined use	482:493	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative	482:576	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	0	46	theme	lectin	28:33	arg1	screening					35:43	in vivo lectin screening	20:43	in vivo lectin screening	20:43	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	3	47	theme	aminooxy-terminated	501:519	arg1	derivative					527:536	an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative	498:536	an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative	498:536	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	3	48	theme	ketone-functionalized	656:676	arg1	compounds					678:686	ketone-functionalized compounds	656:686	ketone-functionalized compounds	656:686	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	8	49	theme	ligand-displayed	1658:1673	arg1	PC-QDs					1675:1680	ligand-displayed PC-QDs	1658:1680	ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1658:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	7	50	theme	different	1307:1315	arg1	dynamics					1325:1332	significantly different in vivo dynamics	1293:1332	significantly different in vivo dynamics	1293:1332	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	2	51	theme	platform	429:436	arg1	construction					411:422	construction	411:422	construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first	411:479	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	2	51	theme	platform	429:436	arg1	preparation					367:377	preparation	367:377	preparation of glycosylated derivatives	367:405	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	8	52	theme	cell/animal	1691:1701	arg1	imaging					1703:1709	live cell/animal imaging	1686:1709	live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1686:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	4	53	theme	mouse	941:945	arg1	vein					929:932	the tail vein	920:932	the tail vein of the mouse	920:945	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	3	54	theme	chemical	635:642	arg1	ligation					644:651	the chemical ligation	631:651	the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds	631:686	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	7	55	from	oligosaccharides	1456:1471	arg1	structure/sequence					1378:1395	structure/sequence	1378:1395	structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1378:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	56	dep	in	1317:1318	arg1	vivo					1320:1323	vivo	1320:1323	vivo	1320:1323	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	8	57	from	nm	1856:1857	arg1	diameter					1875:1882	hydrodynamic diameter	1862:1882	hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1862:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	4	58	theme	various	857:863	arg1	sugars					872:877	various simple sugars	857:877	various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs)	857:892	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	4	58	theme	various	857:863	arg1	glyco-PC-QDs					880:891	glyco-PC-QDs	880:891	glyco-PC-QDs	880:891	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	7	59	theme	final	1493:1497	arg1	equivalent					1544:1553	equivalent	1544:1553	equivalent	1544:1553	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	59	theme	final	1493:1497	arg1	distribution					1514:1525	the final organ-specific distribution	1489:1525	the final organ-specific distribution	1489:1525	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	4	60	theme	QDs	842:844	arg1	imaging					831:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging	798:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse	798:945	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	2	61	theme	standardized	332:343	arg1	methodology					345:355	the standardized methodology	328:355	the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first	328:479	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	7	62	from	structure/sequence	1378:1395	arg1	oligosaccharides					1456:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1434:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	63	theme	residues	1422:1429	arg1	structure/sequence					1378:1395	structure/sequence	1378:1395	structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1378:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	4	64	theme	NIR	813:815	arg1	imaging					831:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging	798:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse	798:945	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	0	65	dep	in	20:21	arg1	vivo					23:26	vivo	23:26	vivo	23:26	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	7	66	theme	sugar	1416:1420	arg1	residues					1422:1429	the neighboring sugar residues	1400:1429	the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides	1400:1471	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	7	67	theme	whole	1254:1258	arg1	body					1260:1263	whole body	1254:1263	whole body	1254:1263	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	8	68	theme	live	1686:1689	arg1	imaging					1703:1709	live cell/animal imaging	1686:1709	live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1686:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	4	69	theme	tail	924:927	arg1	vein					929:932	the tail vein	920:932	the tail vein of the mouse	920:945	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	3	70	theme	compounds	678:686	arg1	ligation					644:651	the chemical ligation	631:651	the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds	631:686	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	3	70	theme	compounds	678:686	arg1	prevention					696:705	the prevention	692:705	the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently	692:752	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	4	71	theme	near-infrared	798:810	arg1	imaging					831:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging	798:837	near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse	798:945	In order to track the derivatives in vivo, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of QDs displaying various simple sugars (glyco-PC-QDs) after administration into the tail vein of the mouse can be performed.
25117250	5	72	theme	glycans	1073:1079	arg1	species					1062:1068	the species	1058:1068	the species of glycans ligated to PC-QDs at least in the liver	1058:1119	It has revealed that distinct long-term delocalization over 2 h can be observed depending on the species of glycans ligated to PC-QDs at least in the liver.
25117250	3	73	theme	novel	611:615	arg1	functions					617:625	novel functions	611:625	novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently	611:752	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	8	74	dep	viruses	1844:1850	arg1	e.g.					1838:1841	e.g.	1838:1841	e.g.	1838:1841	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	2	75	theme	glycosylated	382:393	arg1	derivatives					395:405	glycosylated derivatives	382:405	glycosylated derivatives	382:405	We have established the standardized methodology including preparation of glycosylated derivatives and construction of a platform for tracing the molecules in vivo at first.
25117250	6	76	theme	animal	1157:1162	arg1	imaging					1164:1170	live animal imaging	1152:1170	live animal imaging	1152:1170	Until today we have performed live animal imaging utilizing various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs.
25117250	7	77	theme	lectins	1602:1608	arg1	distribution					1562:1573	the distribution	1558:1573	the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins	1558:1608	They are still retained stably in whole body after 2 h while they showed significantly different in vivo dynamics in the tissue distribution, suggesting that structure/sequence of the neighboring sugar residues in the individual sialyl oligosaccharides might influence the final organ-specific distribution, which should be equivalent to the distribution of sialic acid-recognizing lectins.
25117250	0	78	theme	live	48:51	arg1	animals					53:59	live animals	48:59	live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs)	48:158	Potential usage for in vivo lectin screening in live animals utilizing cell surface mimetic glyco-nanoparticles, phosphorylcholine-coated quantum dots (PC-QDs).
25117250	3	79	theme	protein	722:728	arg1	adsorption					730:739	nonspecific protein adsorption	710:739	nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently	710:752	Combined use of an aminooxy-terminated thiol derivative and a phosphorylcholine (PC) derivative provides quantum dots (QDs) with novel functions for the chemical ligation of ketone-functionalized compounds and the prevention of nonspecific protein adsorption concurrently.
25117250	6	80	theme	various	1182:1188	arg1	kinds					1190:1194	various kinds	1182:1194	various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs	1182:1217	Until today we have performed live animal imaging utilizing various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs.
25117250	6	81	theme	sialyl	1199:1204	arg1	glyco-PC-QDs					1206:1217	sialyl glyco-PC-QDs	1199:1217	sialyl glyco-PC-QDs	1199:1217	Until today we have performed live animal imaging utilizing various kinds of sialyl glyco-PC-QDs.
25117250	8	82	theme	NIR	1724:1726	arg1	photometry					1741:1750	versatile NIR fluorescence photometry	1714:1750	versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver	1714:1895	Here we describe a standardized protocol using ligand-displayed PC-QDs for live cell/animal imaging by versatile NIR fluorescence photometry without influence of size-dependent accumulation/excretion pathway for nanoparticles (e.g., viruses)>10 nm in hydrodynamic diameter by the liver.
25117250	1	83	theme	novel	229:233	arg1	counter-receptor					235:250	novel counter-receptor	229:250	novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules	229:297	Utilizing glycosylated derivatives as a tag, we are able to explore novel counter-receptor of endogenous lectins or lectin-like molecules in vivo.
24981201	0	0	theme	multistress	96:106	arg1	tolerance					108:116	multistress tolerance	96:116	multistress tolerance	96:116	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	3	1	theme	nitrogen	733:740	arg1	sources					742:748	altered carbon or nitrogen sources	715:748	sources	742:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	1	2	from	fungi	348:352	arg1	elongation					254:263	the elongation	250:263	the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	250:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	2	3	theme	traits	574:579	arg1	mediators					545:553	positive, but differential, mediators	517:553	positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits	517:579	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	5	4	theme	More	903:906	arg1	damage					918:923	More cell wall damage	903:923	More cell wall damage	903:923	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	9	5	theme	biocontrol	1719:1728	arg1	potential					1730:1738	the biocontrol potential	1715:1738	the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1	1715:1763	Our results indicate that Ktr4 and Kre2 contribute more to the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1 although all of them are significant contributors.
24981201	1	6	theme	mannose	276:282	arg1	residues					284:291	Ser/Thr mannose residues	268:291	Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	268:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	1	7	from	yeasts	296:301	arg1	elongation					254:263	the elongation	250:263	the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	250:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	3	8	theme	growth	681:686	arg1	defects					688:694	growth defects	681:694	growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	681:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	1	9	theme	Ktr	193:195	arg1	family					198:203	α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family	166:203	α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family	166:203	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	6	10	from	difference	1338:1347	arg1	sensitivities					1358:1370	their sensitivities	1352:1370	their sensitivities to two osmotic agents	1352:1392	Consequently, Δktr4 and Δkre2 became more sensitive to oxidation and cell wall perturbation than Δktr1 during colony growth or conidial germination despite less difference in their sensitivities to two osmotic agents.
24981201	1	11	theme	residues	284:291	arg1	elongation					254:263	the elongation	250:263	the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	250:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	8	12	theme	phenotypical	1552:1563	arg1	changes					1565:1571	All the phenotypical changes	1544:1571	All the phenotypical changes	1544:1571	All the phenotypical changes were well restored to wild-type levels by the complementation of each target gene.
24981201	5	13	theme	conidial	1128:1135	arg1	hydrophobicity					1137:1150	much lower conidial hydrophobicity	1117:1150	much lower conidial hydrophobicity	1117:1150	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	1	14	from	most	331:334	arg1	unknown					320:326	unknown	320:326	unknown	320:326	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	5	15	theme	components	1012:1021	arg1	chitin					1052:1057	chitin	1052:1057	chitin	1052:1057	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	15	theme	components	1012:1021	arg1	α-glucans					1038:1046	α-glucans	1038:1046	α-glucans	1038:1046	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	15	theme	components	1012:1021	arg1	mannoproteins					1023:1035	the cell wall components mannoproteins	998:1035	the cell wall components mannoproteins	998:1035	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	3	16	with	substrates	699:708	arg1	carbon					723:728	altered carbon or nitrogen sources	715:748	carbon	723:728	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	16	with	substrates	699:708	arg1	sources					742:748	altered carbon or nitrogen sources	715:748	sources	742:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	8	17	theme	gene	1650:1653	arg1	complementation					1619:1633	the complementation	1615:1633	the complementation of each target gene	1615:1653	All the phenotypical changes were well restored to wild-type levels by the complementation of each target gene.
24981201	2	18	theme	differential	531:542	arg1	mediators					545:553	positive, but differential, mediators	517:553	positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits	517:579	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	8	19	theme	target	1643:1648	arg1	gene					1650:1653	each target gene	1638:1653	each target gene	1638:1653	All the phenotypical changes were well restored to wild-type levels by the complementation of each target gene.
24981201	1	20	from	unknown	320:326	arg1	most					331:334	most	331:334	most	331:334	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	4	21	theme	fungal	872:877	arg1	growth					879:884	growth	879:884	growth	879:884	This contrasts to the dispensability of Ktr1 for fungal growth and conidiation.
24981201	5	22	theme	conidial	1098:1105	arg1	surfaces					1107:1114	conidial surfaces	1098:1114	conidial surfaces	1098:1114	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	6	23	theme	cell	1246:1249	arg1	perturbation					1256:1267	cell wall perturbation	1246:1267	cell wall perturbation	1246:1267	Consequently, Δktr4 and Δkre2 became more sensitive to oxidation and cell wall perturbation than Δktr1 during colony growth or conidial germination despite less difference in their sensitivities to two osmotic agents.
24981201	1	24	theme	family	198:203	arg1	Members					155:161	Members	155:161	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family	155:203	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	2	25	theme	filamentous	464:474	arg1	bassiana					452:459	Beauveria bassiana	442:459	Beauveria bassiana	442:459	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	25	theme	filamentous	464:474	arg1	enotmopathogen					476:489	a filamentous enotmopathogen	462:489	a filamentous enotmopathogen	462:489	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	3	26	theme	altered	715:721	arg1	carbon					723:728	altered carbon or nitrogen sources	715:748	carbon	723:728	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	4	27	theme	Ktr1	863:866	arg1	dispensability					845:858	the dispensability	841:858	the dispensability of Ktr1 for fungal growth and conidiation	841:900	This contrasts to the dispensability of Ktr1 for fungal growth and conidiation.
24981201	2	28	from	functions	381:389	arg1	bassiana					452:459	Beauveria bassiana	442:459	Beauveria bassiana	442:459	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	28	from	functions	381:389	arg1	enotmopathogen					476:489	a filamentous enotmopathogen	462:489	a filamentous enotmopathogen	462:489	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	3	29	from	medium	670:675	arg1	substrates					699:708	substrates	699:708	substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	699:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	30	from	reduction	628:636	arg1	medium					670:675	a standard medium	659:675	a standard medium	659:675	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	30	from	reduction	628:636	arg1	defects					688:694	growth defects	681:694	growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	681:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	5	31	theme	lower	1122:1126	arg1	hydrophobicity					1137:1150	much lower conidial hydrophobicity	1117:1150	much lower conidial hydrophobicity	1117:1150	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	32	theme	cell	1165:1168	arg1	walls					1170:1174	thinner cell walls	1157:1174	thinner cell walls	1157:1174	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	3	33	from	availability	754:765	arg1	medium					670:675	a standard medium	659:675	a standard medium	659:675	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	33	from	availability	754:765	arg1	defects					688:694	growth defects	681:694	growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	681:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	6	34	theme	wall	1251:1254	arg1	perturbation					1256:1267	cell wall perturbation	1246:1267	cell wall perturbation	1246:1267	Consequently, Δktr4 and Δkre2 became more sensitive to oxidation and cell wall perturbation than Δktr1 during colony growth or conidial germination despite less difference in their sensitivities to two osmotic agents.
24981201	3	35	theme	reduced	785:791	arg1	size					802:805	reduced conidial size	785:805	reduced conidial size	785:805	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	2	36	theme	orthologues	402:412	arg1	functions					381:389	the functions	377:389	the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen,	377:490	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	6	37	theme	osmotic	1379:1385	arg1	agents					1387:1392	two osmotic agents	1375:1392	two osmotic agents	1375:1392	Consequently, Δktr4 and Δkre2 became more sensitive to oxidation and cell wall perturbation than Δktr1 during colony growth or conidial germination despite less difference in their sensitivities to two osmotic agents.
24981201	0	38	theme	bassiana	145:152	arg1	conidiation					62:72	conidiation	62:72	conidiation	62:72	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	0	38	theme	bassiana	145:152	arg1	virulence					122:130	virulence	122:130	virulence	122:130	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	0	38	theme	bassiana	145:152	arg1	integrity					85:93	cell wall integrity	75:93	cell wall integrity	75:93	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	0	38	theme	bassiana	145:152	arg1	tolerance					108:116	multistress tolerance	96:116	multistress tolerance	96:116	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	7	39	theme	Conidial	1395:1402	arg1	thermotolerance					1404:1418	Conidial thermotolerance	1395:1418	Conidial thermotolerance	1395:1418	Conidial thermotolerance, UV-B resistance and virulence were all lowered greatly in Δktr4 and Δkre2 but only the thermotolerance decreased in Δktr1.
24981201	5	40	theme	cell	1002:1005	arg1	chitin					1052:1057	chitin	1052:1057	chitin	1052:1057	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	40	theme	cell	1002:1005	arg1	α-glucans					1038:1046	α-glucans	1038:1046	α-glucans	1038:1046	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	40	theme	cell	1002:1005	arg1	mannoproteins					1023:1035	the cell wall components mannoproteins	998:1035	the cell wall components mannoproteins	998:1035	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	2	41	theme	Beauveria	442:450	arg1	bassiana					452:459	Beauveria bassiana	442:459	Beauveria bassiana	442:459	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	41	theme	Beauveria	442:450	arg1	enotmopathogen					476:489	a filamentous enotmopathogen	462:489	a filamentous enotmopathogen	462:489	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	7	42	theme	UV-B	1421:1424	arg1	resistance					1426:1435	UV-B resistance	1421:1435	UV-B resistance	1421:1435	Conidial thermotolerance, UV-B resistance and virulence were all lowered greatly in Δktr4 and Δkre2 but only the thermotolerance decreased in Δktr1.
24981201	1	43	theme	unknown	320:326	arg1	fungi					348:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	0	44	theme	Beauveria	135:143	arg1	bassiana					145:152	Beauveria bassiana	135:152	Beauveria bassiana	135:152	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	3	45	theme	yield	650:654	arg1	availability					754:765	availability	754:765	availability	754:765	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	45	theme	yield	650:654	arg1	reduction					628:636	92% reduction	624:636	92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	624:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	5	46	theme	cell	908:911	arg1	damage					918:923	More cell wall damage	903:923	More cell wall damage	903:923	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	1	47	theme	protein	222:228	arg1	O-mannosylation					230:244	protein O-mannosylation	222:244	protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	222:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	5	48	theme	more	1060:1063	arg1	epitopes					1078:1085	more carbohydrate epitopes	1060:1085	more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces	1060:1114	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	3	49	theme	Kre2	607:610	arg1	Inactivation					582:593	Inactivation	582:593	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2	582:610	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	50	dep	resulted	612:619	arg1	accompanied					768:778	accompanied	768:778	accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity	768:820	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	2	51	theme	many	558:561	arg1	traits					574:579	many biological traits	558:579	many biological traits	558:579	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	3	52	from	defects	688:694	arg1	substrates					699:708	substrates	699:708	substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	699:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	1	53	from	residues	284:291	arg1	fungi					348:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	1	53	from	residues	284:291	arg1	yeasts					296:301	yeasts	296:301	yeasts	296:301	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	5	54	theme	carbohydrate	1065:1076	arg1	epitopes					1078:1085	more carbohydrate epitopes	1060:1085	more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces	1060:1114	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	55	theme	wall	1007:1010	arg1	chitin					1052:1057	chitin	1052:1057	chitin	1052:1057	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	55	theme	wall	1007:1010	arg1	α-glucans					1038:1046	α-glucans	1038:1046	α-glucans	1038:1046	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	55	theme	wall	1007:1010	arg1	mannoproteins					1023:1035	the cell wall components mannoproteins	998:1035	the cell wall components mannoproteins	998:1035	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	6	56	theme	colony	1287:1292	arg1	growth					1294:1299	colony growth	1287:1299	colony growth	1287:1299	Consequently, Δktr4 and Δkre2 became more sensitive to oxidation and cell wall perturbation than Δktr1 during colony growth or conidial germination despite less difference in their sensitivities to two osmotic agents.
24981201	0	57	theme	cell	75:78	arg1	integrity					85:93	cell wall integrity	75:93	cell wall integrity	75:93	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	1	58	theme	filamentous	336:346	arg1	fungi					348:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	6	59	theme	conidial	1304:1311	arg1	germination					1313:1323	conidial germination	1304:1323	conidial germination	1304:1323	Consequently, Δktr4 and Δkre2 became more sensitive to oxidation and cell wall perturbation than Δktr1 during colony growth or conidial germination despite less difference in their sensitivities to two osmotic agents.
24981201	3	60	theme	conidial	641:648	arg1	yield					650:654	conidial yield	641:654	conidial yield	641:654	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	3	61	theme	Ktr4	598:601	arg1	Inactivation					582:593	Inactivation	582:593	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2	582:610	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	5	62	theme	wall	913:916	arg1	damage					918:923	More cell wall damage	903:923	More cell wall damage	903:923	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	8	63	theme	wild-type	1595:1603	arg1	levels					1605:1610	wild-type levels	1595:1610	wild-type levels	1595:1610	All the phenotypical changes were well restored to wild-type levels by the complementation of each target gene.
24981201	2	64	theme	biological	563:572	arg1	traits					574:579	many biological traits	558:579	many biological traits	558:579	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	5	65	theme	mannoproteins	1023:1035	arg1	walls					1170:1174	thinner cell walls	1157:1174	thinner cell walls	1157:1174	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	65	theme	mannoproteins	1023:1035	arg1	hydrophobicity					1137:1150	much lower conidial hydrophobicity	1117:1150	much lower conidial hydrophobicity	1117:1150	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	65	theme	mannoproteins	1023:1035	arg1	contents					986:993	altered contents	978:993	altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin	978:1057	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	65	theme	mannoproteins	1023:1035	arg1	epitopes					1078:1085	more carbohydrate epitopes	1060:1085	more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces	1060:1114	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	5	66	theme	thinner	1157:1163	arg1	walls					1170:1174	thinner cell walls	1157:1174	thinner cell walls	1157:1174	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	9	67	theme	bassiana	1746:1753	arg1	potential					1730:1738	the biocontrol potential	1715:1738	the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1	1715:1763	Our results indicate that Ktr4 and Kre2 contribute more to the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1 although all of them are significant contributors.
24981201	5	68	theme	altered	978:984	arg1	contents					986:993	altered contents	978:993	altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin	978:1057	More cell wall damage occurred in Δktr4 and Δkre2 than in Δktr1, including altered contents of the cell wall components mannoproteins, α-glucans and chitin, more carbohydrate epitopes changed on conidial surfaces, much lower conidial hydrophobicity, and thinner cell walls.
24981201	3	69	theme	%	626:626	arg1	reduction					628:636	92% reduction	624:636	92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources	624:748	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	1	70	from	elongation	254:263	arg1	fungi					348:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	307:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	1	70	from	elongation	254:263	arg1	yeasts					296:301	yeasts	296:301	yeasts	296:301	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	2	71	dep	orthologues	402:412	arg1	Kre2/Mnt1					429:437	Kre2/Mnt1	429:437	Kre2/Mnt1	429:437	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	71	dep	orthologues	402:412	arg1	orthologues					402:412	the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1	394:437	the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1	394:437	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	71	dep	orthologues	402:412	arg1	Ktr4					420:423	Ktr4	420:423	Ktr4	420:423	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	71	dep	orthologues	402:412	arg1	Ktr1					414:417	Ktr1	414:417	Ktr1	414:417	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	9	72	theme	significant	1790:1800	arg1	them					1781:1784	them	1781:1784	them	1781:1784	Our results indicate that Ktr4 and Kre2 contribute more to the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1 although all of them are significant contributors.
24981201	9	72	theme	significant	1790:1800	arg1	contributors					1802:1813	significant contributors	1790:1813	significant contributors	1790:1813	Our results indicate that Ktr4 and Kre2 contribute more to the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1 although all of them are significant contributors.
24981201	9	72	theme	significant	1790:1800	arg1	all					1774:1776	all	1774:1776	all	1774:1776	Our results indicate that Ktr4 and Kre2 contribute more to the biocontrol potential of B. bassiana than Ktr1 although all of them are significant contributors.
24981201	2	73	theme	positive	517:524	arg1	mediators					545:553	positive, but differential, mediators	517:553	positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits	517:579	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	3	74	theme	standard	661:668	arg1	medium					670:675	a standard medium	659:675	a standard medium	659:675	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	2	75	theme	Ktr	398:400	arg1	Kre2/Mnt1					429:437	Kre2/Mnt1	429:437	Kre2/Mnt1	429:437	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	75	theme	Ktr	398:400	arg1	orthologues					402:412	the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1	394:437	the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1	394:437	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	75	theme	Ktr	398:400	arg1	Ktr4					420:423	Ktr4	420:423	Ktr4	420:423	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	2	75	theme	Ktr	398:400	arg1	Ktr1					414:417	Ktr1	414:417	Ktr1	414:417	Here we characterized the functions of the Ktr orthologues Ktr1, Ktr4 and Kre2/Mnt1 in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous enotmopathogen, and found that they were positive, but differential, mediators of many biological traits.
24981201	3	76	theme	conidial	793:800	arg1	size					802:805	reduced conidial size	785:805	reduced conidial size	785:805	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	0	77	theme	wall	80:83	arg1	integrity					85:93	cell wall integrity	75:93	cell wall integrity	75:93	Three α-1,2-mannosyltransferases contribute differentially to conidiation, cell wall integrity, multistress tolerance and virulence of Beauveria bassiana.
24981201	3	78	theme	92	624:625	arg1	%					626:626	%	626:626	%	626:626	Inactivation of Ktr4 and Kre2 resulted in 92% reduction of conidial yield on a standard medium and growth defects on substrates with altered carbon or nitrogen sources and availability, accompanied with reduced conidial size and complexity.
24981201	1	79	theme	α-1,2-mannosyltransferase	166:190	arg1	family					198:203	α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family	166:203	α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family	166:203	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
24981201	1	80	theme	Ser/Thr	268:274	arg1	residues					284:291	Ser/Thr mannose residues	268:291	Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi	268:352	Members of α-1,2-mannosyltransferase (Ktr) family are required for protein O-mannosylation for the elongation of Ser/Thr mannose residues in yeasts but functionally unknown in most filamentous fungi.
26029229	1	0	theme	polymerization	252:265	arg1	degrees					241:247	different degrees	231:247	different degrees of polymerization (DP)	231:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	2	1	theme	Falster	594:600	arg1	"					601:601	ecotype "Falster"	585:601	ecotype "Falster"	585:601	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	7	2	theme	abiotic	1617:1623	arg1	stresses					1625:1632	abiotic stresses	1617:1632	abiotic stresses	1617:1632	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	5	3	theme	fructan	1263:1269	arg1	synthesis					1271:1279	fructan synthesis	1263:1279	fructan synthesis	1263:1279	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	1	4	theme	fructans	164:171	arg1	mixture					178:184	a mixture	176:184	a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP)	176:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	1	4	theme	fructans	164:171	arg1	levels					154:159	high levels	149:159	high levels of fructans	149:171	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	2	5	theme	ecotype	585:591	arg1	"					601:601	ecotype "Falster"	585:601	ecotype "Falster"	585:601	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	6	from	induction	686:694	arg1	composition					670:680	fructan composition	662:680	fructan composition	662:680	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	6	7	theme	total	1387:1391	arg1	content					1401:1407	total fructan content	1387:1407	total fructan content	1387:1407	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	2	8	theme	cold	527:530	arg1	acclimation					532:542	cold acclimation	527:542	cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	527:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	9	theme	fructans	706:713	arg1	induction					686:694	induction	686:694	induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4	686:732	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	3	9	theme	fructans	706:713	arg1	changes					651:657	changes	651:657	changes in fructan composition	651:680	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	4	10	theme	DP	848:849	arg1	fructans					856:863	DP > 50 fructans	848:863	DP > 50 fructans	848:863	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	5	11	theme	different	1070:1078	arg1	DP					1080:1081	different DP	1070:1081	different DP	1070:1081	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	4	12	from	"	976:976	arg1	apparent					874:881	apparent	874:881	apparent	874:881	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	12	from	"	976:976	arg1	accumulation					832:843	The accumulation	828:843	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans	828:863	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	2	13	theme	ryegrass	557:564	arg1	"					579:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	14	from	transcription	456:468	arg1	spectrum					355:362	the full spectrum	346:362	the full spectrum of fructans	346:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	15	theme	=	730:730	arg1	fructans					706:713	low-DP fructans	699:713	low-DP fructans	699:713	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	3	15	theme	=	730:730	arg1	DP					727:728	DP	727:728	DP = 4	727:732	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	5	16	from	induction	1102:1110	arg1	"					1191:1191	"Veyo"	1186:1191	"Veyo"	1186:1191	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	5	16	from	induction	1102:1110	arg1	"					1205:1205	"Falster"	1197:1205	"Falster"	1197:1205	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	5	17	theme	fructan	1156:1162	arg1	exohydrolases					1164:1176	fructan exohydrolases	1156:1176	fructan exohydrolases	1156:1176	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	3	18	theme	Veyo	769:772	arg1	"					773:773	"Veyo"	768:773	"Veyo"	768:773	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	0	19	theme	cold	61:64	arg1	acclimation					66:76	cold acclimation	61:76	cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass	61:98	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	6	20	theme	DP	1427:1428	arg1	fructans					1434:1441	more DP > 7 fructans	1422:1441	more DP > 7 fructans	1422:1441	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	5	21	theme	genes	1115:1119	arg1	induction					1102:1110	the induction	1098:1110	the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster"	1098:1205	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	2	22	from	analysis	305:312	arg1	spectrum					355:362	the full spectrum	346:362	the full spectrum of fructans	346:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	23	theme	distinct	608:615	arg1	origins					630:636	distinct geographical origins	608:636	distinct geographical origins	608:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	24	dep	=	730:730	arg1	4					732:732	4	732:732	4	732:732	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	2	25	theme	genes	483:487	arg1	transcription					456:468	the transcription	452:468	the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	452:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	25	theme	genes	483:487	arg1	changes					335:341	the compositional changes	317:341	the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans	317:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	25	theme	genes	483:487	arg1	distribution					385:396	fructan distribution	377:396	fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots	377:445	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	5	26	dep	accumulation	1019:1030	arg1	the					1015:1017	the	1015:1017	the	1015:1017	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	2	27	theme	fructan	377:383	arg1	distribution					385:396	fructan distribution	377:396	fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots	377:445	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	28	theme	fructans	367:374	arg1	spectrum					355:362	the full spectrum	346:362	the full spectrum of fructans	346:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	0	29	theme	Fructan	0:6	arg1	metabolism					8:17	Fructan metabolism	0:17	Fructan metabolism	0:17	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	2	30	theme	ground	412:417	arg1	top					428:430	above ground biomass (top)	406:431	above ground biomass (top)	406:431	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	31	theme	changes	335:341	arg1	analysis					305:312	the analysis	301:312	the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	301:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	4	32	from	tissues	894:900	arg1	apparent					874:881	apparent	874:881	apparent	874:881	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	32	from	tissues	894:900	arg1	accumulation					832:843	The accumulation	828:843	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans	828:863	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	3	33	from	top	747:749	arg1	response					792:799	response	792:799	response to low-temperature stress	792:825	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	1	34	theme	polysaccharides	210:224	arg1	mixture					178:184	a mixture	176:184	a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP)	176:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	1	34	theme	polysaccharides	210:224	arg1	levels					154:159	high levels	149:159	high levels of fructans	149:171	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	4	35	theme	Veyo	972:975	arg1	"					976:976	"Veyo"	971:976	"Veyo"	971:976	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	2	36	theme	distribution	385:396	arg1	analysis					305:312	the analysis	301:312	the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	301:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	5	37	theme	cold	1214:1217	arg1	acclimation					1219:1229	cold acclimation	1214:1229	cold acclimation	1214:1229	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	4	38	from	apparent	874:881	arg1	"					991:991	"Falster."	982:991	"Falster."	982:991	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	38	from	apparent	874:881	arg1	"					976:976	"Veyo"	971:976	"Veyo"	971:976	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	38	from	apparent	874:881	arg1	tissues					894:900	the top tissues	886:900	the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher	886:939	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	1	39	with	polysaccharides	210:224	arg1	degrees					241:247	different degrees	231:247	different degrees of polymerization (DP)	231:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	2	40	theme	Veyo	575:578	arg1	"					579:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	41	from	acclimation	532:542	arg1	"					601:601	ecotype "Falster"	585:601	ecotype "Falster"	585:601	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	41	from	acclimation	532:542	arg1	"					579:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	42	theme	present	277:283	arg1	study					285:289	The present study	273:289	The present study	273:289	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	6	43	theme	ecotype	1332:1338	arg1	Falster					1341:1347	The ecotype "Falster	1328:1347	The ecotype "Falster	1328:1347	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	2	44	theme	variety	566:572	arg1	"					579:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	2	45	from	changes	335:341	arg1	spectrum					355:362	the full spectrum	346:362	the full spectrum of fructans	346:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	7	46	from	accumulation	1545:1556	arg1	roots					1561:1565	roots	1561:1565	roots	1561:1565	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	3	47	theme	low-DP	699:704	arg1	fructans					706:713	low-DP fructans	699:713	low-DP fructans	699:713	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	3	47	theme	low-DP	699:704	arg1	DP					727:728	DP	727:728	DP = 4	727:732	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	7	48	theme	plant	1596:1600	arg1	recovery					1602:1609	plant recovery	1596:1609	plant recovery after abiotic stresses	1596:1632	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	5	49	with	fructans	1056:1063	arg1	DP					1080:1081	different DP	1070:1081	different DP	1070:1081	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	6	50	theme	fructan	1393:1399	arg1	content					1401:1407	total fructan content	1387:1407	total fructan content	1387:1407	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	4	51	from	"	991:991	arg1	apparent					874:881	apparent	874:881	apparent	874:881	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	51	from	"	991:991	arg1	accumulation					832:843	The accumulation	828:843	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans	828:863	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	2	52	from	spectrum	355:362	arg1	analysis					305:312	the analysis	301:312	the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	301:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	4	53	theme	Falster	983:989	arg1	"					991:991	"Falster."	982:991	"Falster."	982:991	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	3	54	from	changes	651:657	arg1	composition					670:680	fructan composition	662:680	fructan composition	662:680	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	2	55	theme	compositional	321:333	arg1	changes					335:341	the compositional changes	317:341	the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans	317:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	56	theme	Falster	780:786	arg1	"					787:787	"Falster"	779:787	"Falster"	779:787	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	1	57	theme	oligosaccharides	189:204	arg1	mixture					178:184	a mixture	176:184	a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP)	176:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	1	57	theme	oligosaccharides	189:204	arg1	levels					154:159	high levels	149:159	high levels of fructans	149:171	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	2	58	theme	fructan	501:507	arg1	metabolism					509:518	fructan metabolism	501:518	fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	501:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	5	59	dep	together	1084:1091	arg1	with					1093:1096	with	1093:1096	with	1093:1096	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	2	60	theme	perennial	547:555	arg1	"					579:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo"	547:579	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	7	61	theme	adaptive	1577:1584	arg1	trait					1586:1590	an adaptive trait	1574:1590	an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses	1574:1632	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	7	61	theme	adaptive	1577:1584	arg1	accumulation					1545:1556	high-DP fructan accumulation	1529:1556	high-DP fructan accumulation in roots	1529:1565	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	6	62	theme	warmer	1492:1497	arg1	climates					1499:1506	warmer climates	1492:1506	warmer climates	1492:1506	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	6	63	theme	>	1430:1430	arg1	fructans					1434:1441	more DP > 7 fructans	1422:1441	more DP > 7 fructans	1422:1441	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	3	64	theme	"	773:773	arg1	top					747:749	the top	743:749	the top	743:749	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	3	64	theme	"	773:773	arg1	roots					759:763	the roots	755:763	the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress	755:825	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	2	65	theme	transcription	456:468	arg1	analysis					305:312	the analysis	301:312	the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	301:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	0	66	from	changes	23:29	arg1	composition					42:52	fructan composition	34:52	fructan composition	34:52	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	2	67	from	origins	630:636	arg1	acclimation					532:542	cold acclimation	527:542	cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	527:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	0	68	theme	perennial	81:89	arg1	ryegrass					91:98	perennial ryegrass	81:98	perennial ryegrass	81:98	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	7	69	theme	fructan	1537:1543	arg1	trait					1586:1590	an adaptive trait	1574:1590	an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses	1574:1632	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	7	69	theme	fructan	1537:1543	arg1	accumulation					1545:1556	high-DP fructan accumulation	1529:1556	high-DP fructan accumulation in roots	1529:1565	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	6	70	theme	more	1422:1425	arg1	fructans					1434:1441	more DP > 7 fructans	1422:1441	more DP > 7 fructans	1422:1441	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	1	71	theme	high	149:152	arg1	mixture					178:184	a mixture	176:184	a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP)	176:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	1	71	theme	high	149:152	arg1	levels					154:159	high levels	149:159	high levels of fructans	149:171	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	0	72	from	metabolism	8:17	arg1	composition					42:52	fructan composition	34:52	fructan composition	34:52	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	2	73	theme	geographical	617:628	arg1	origins					630:636	distinct geographical origins	608:636	distinct geographical origins	608:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	74	theme	"	787:787	arg1	top					747:749	the top	743:749	the top	743:749	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	3	74	theme	"	787:787	arg1	roots					759:763	the roots	755:763	the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress	755:825	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	4	75	theme	>	851:851	arg1	fructans					856:863	DP > 50 fructans	848:863	DP > 50 fructans	848:863	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	7	76	theme	high-DP	1529:1535	arg1	trait					1586:1590	an adaptive trait	1574:1590	an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses	1574:1632	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	7	76	theme	high-DP	1529:1535	arg1	accumulation					1545:1556	high-DP fructan accumulation	1529:1556	high-DP fructan accumulation in roots	1529:1565	This indicates that high-DP fructan accumulation in roots may be an adaptive trait for plant recovery after abiotic stresses.
26029229	4	77	theme	fructans	856:863	arg1	accumulation					832:843	The accumulation	828:843	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans	828:863	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	77	theme	fructans	856:863	arg1	apparent					874:881	apparent	874:881	apparent	874:881	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	5	78	theme	Falster	1198:1204	arg1	"					1205:1205	"Falster"	1197:1205	"Falster"	1197:1205	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	6	79	theme	variety	1465:1471	arg1	Veyo					1474:1477	the variety "Veyo	1461:1477	the variety "Veyo	1461:1477	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	3	80	theme	low-temperature	804:818	arg1	stress					820:825	low-temperature stress	804:825	low-temperature stress	804:825	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	4	81	theme	Lp1-FFT	912:918	arg1	expression					920:929	the Lp1-FFT expression	908:929	the Lp1-FFT expression	908:929	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	4	81	theme	Lp1-FFT	912:918	arg1	higher					934:939	higher	934:939	higher	934:939	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	1	82	with	oligosaccharides	189:204	arg1	degrees					241:247	different degrees	231:247	different degrees of polymerization (DP)	231:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	1	83	theme	Perennial	101:109	arg1	L.					136:137	L.	136:137	L.	136:137	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	1	83	theme	Perennial	101:109	arg1	ryegrass					111:118	Perennial ryegrass	101:118	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)	101:138	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	2	84	theme	biomass	419:425	arg1	top					428:430	above ground biomass (top)	406:431	above ground biomass (top)	406:431	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	85	from	roots	759:763	arg1	response					792:799	response	792:799	response to low-temperature stress	792:825	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	5	86	theme	Veyo	1187:1190	arg1	"					1191:1191	"Veyo"	1186:1191	"Veyo"	1186:1191	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	2	87	theme	above	406:410	arg1	top					428:430	above ground biomass (top)	406:431	above ground biomass (top)	406:431	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	0	88	theme	fructan	34:40	arg1	composition					42:52	fructan composition	34:52	fructan composition	34:52	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	5	89	theme	fructans	1056:1063	arg1	depolymerization					1036:1051	depolymerization	1036:1051	depolymerization	1036:1051	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	5	89	theme	fructans	1056:1063	arg1	accumulation					1019:1030	accumulation	1019:1030	accumulation	1019:1030	Our results also show the accumulation and depolymerization of fructans with different DP, together with the induction of genes encoding fructosyltransferases and fructan exohydrolases in both "Veyo" and "Falster" during cold acclimation, supporting the hypothesis that fructan synthesis and depolymerization occurring simultaneously.
26029229	4	90	theme	top	890:892	arg1	tissues					894:900	the top tissues	886:900	the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher	886:939	The accumulation of DP > 50 fructans was only apparent in the top tissues where the Lp1-FFT expression is higher compared to the roots in both "Veyo" and "Falster."
26029229	1	91	theme	different	231:239	arg1	degrees					241:247	different degrees	231:247	different degrees of polymerization (DP)	231:270	Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) produces high levels of fructans as a mixture of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DP).
26029229	2	92	theme	candidate	473:481	arg1	genes					483:487	candidate genes	473:487	candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins	473:636	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	0	93	from	acclimation	66:76	arg1	ryegrass					91:98	perennial ryegrass	81:98	perennial ryegrass	81:98	Fructan metabolism and changes in fructan composition during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.
26029229	6	94	theme	cold	1362:1365	arg1	climates					1367:1374	cold climates	1362:1374	cold climates	1362:1374	The ecotype "Falster," adapted to cold climates, increased total fructan content and produced more DP > 7 fructans in the roots than the variety "Veyo," adapted to warmer climates.
26029229	2	95	from	distribution	385:396	arg1	spectrum					355:362	the full spectrum	346:362	the full spectrum of fructans	346:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26029229	3	96	theme	fructan	662:668	arg1	composition					670:680	fructan composition	662:680	fructan composition	662:680	We observed changes in fructan composition and induction of low-DP fructans, especially DP = 4, in both the top and the roots of "Veyo" and "Falster" in response to low-temperature stress.
26029229	2	97	theme	full	350:353	arg1	spectrum					355:362	the full spectrum	346:362	the full spectrum of fructans	346:374	The present study describes the analysis of the compositional changes in the full spectrum of fructans, fructan distribution between above ground biomass (top) and the roots, and the transcription of candidate genes involved in fructan metabolism during cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass variety "Veyo" and ecotype "Falster" from distinct geographical origins.
26876999	1	0	dep	transform	313:321	arg1	infrared					323:330	infrared	323:330	transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction	313:369	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	3	1	theme	mechanical	545:554	arg1	strength					556:563	good mechanical strength	540:563	good mechanical strength	540:563	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	1	2	theme	human	259:263	arg1	cells					278:282	human osteoblastic cells	259:282	human osteoblastic cells	259:282	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	0	3	theme	osteoblastic	80:91	arg1	cells					93:97	human osteoblastic cells	74:97	human osteoblastic cells	74:97	Development of biomimetic nanocomposites as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells.
26876999	2	4	theme	electron	381:388	arg1	microscopy					390:399	Scanning electron microscopy	372:399	Scanning electron microscopy images	372:406	Scanning electron microscopy images revealed interconnected macroporous structures.
26876999	1	5	theme	osteoblastic	265:276	arg1	cells					278:282	human osteoblastic cells	259:282	human osteoblastic cells	259:282	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	3	6	theme	porous	518:523	arg1	composite					525:533	a porous composite	516:533	a porous composite with good mechanical strength	516:563	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	2	7	dep	microscopy	390:399	arg1	images					401:406	images	401:406	images	401:406	Scanning electron microscopy images revealed interconnected macroporous structures.
26876999	3	8	theme	5wt	600:602	arg1	%					603:603	5wt%	600:603	5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	600:637	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	8	theme	5wt	600:602	arg1	oxide					633:637	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	608:637	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	608:637	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	5	9	theme	water	885:889	arg1	uptake					891:896	superior water uptake	876:896	superior water uptake	876:896	These nanocomposites also showed superior water uptake, antimicrobial and biodegradable properties than the previously reported results.
26876999	5	10	theme	biodegradable	917:929	arg1	properties					931:940	biodegradable properties	917:940	biodegradable properties	917:940	These nanocomposites also showed superior water uptake, antimicrobial and biodegradable properties than the previously reported results.
26876999	7	11	theme	negative	1206:1213	arg1	effect					1215:1220	any negative effect	1202:1220	any negative effect	1202:1220	Moreover, proliferation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells onto the nanocomposites was also observed without having any negative effect.
26876999	3	12	theme	appreciable	761:771	arg1	porosity					773:780	appreciable porosity	761:780	appreciable porosity (65.25%)	761:789	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	12	theme	appreciable	761:771	arg1	%					788:788	65.25%	783:788	65.25%	783:788	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	13	with	composite	525:533	arg1	strength					556:563	good mechanical strength	540:563	good mechanical strength	540:563	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	6	14	theme	human	1081:1085	arg1	body					1087:1090	the human body	1077:1090	the human body	1077:1090	Compatibility with human blood and pH was observed, indicating nontoxicity of these materials to the human body.
26876999	1	15	theme	vinyl	176:180	arg1	alcohol					182:188	vinyl alcohol	176:188	vinyl alcohol	176:188	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	15	theme	vinyl	176:180	arg1	poly					171:174	poly	171:174	poly(vinyl alcohol)	171:189	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	16	contain	containing	150:159	arg2	poly					171:174	poly	171:174	poly(vinyl alcohol)	171:189	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	16	contain	containing	150:159	arg2	oxide					220:224	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	195:224	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	195:224	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	16	contain	containing	150:159	arg2	chitosan					161:168	chitosan	161:168	chitosan	161:168	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	16	contain	containing	150:159	arg1	nanocomposites					135:148	biomimetic nanocomposites	124:148	biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells	124:282	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	16	contain	containing	150:159	arg2	alcohol					182:188	vinyl alcohol	176:188	vinyl alcohol	176:188	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	3	17	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc	608:631	arg1	oxide					633:637	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	608:637	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	608:637	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	2	18	theme	macroporous	432:442	arg1	structures					444:453	interconnected macroporous structures	417:453	interconnected macroporous structures	417:453	Scanning electron microscopy images revealed interconnected macroporous structures.
26876999	3	19	theme	oxide	633:637	arg1	%					603:603	5wt%	600:603	5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	600:637	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	19	theme	oxide	633:637	arg1	oxide					633:637	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	608:637	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	608:637	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	6	20	theme	materials	1064:1072	arg1	nontoxicity					1043:1053	nontoxicity	1043:1053	nontoxicity of these materials to the human body	1043:1090	Compatibility with human blood and pH was observed, indicating nontoxicity of these materials to the human body.
26876999	2	21	theme	interconnected	417:430	arg1	structures					444:453	interconnected macroporous structures	417:453	interconnected macroporous structures	417:453	Scanning electron microscopy images revealed interconnected macroporous structures.
26876999	7	22	theme	MG-63	1133:1137	arg1	cells					1139:1143	osteoblastic MG-63 cells	1120:1143	osteoblastic MG-63 cells	1120:1143	Moreover, proliferation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells onto the nanocomposites was also observed without having any negative effect.
26876999	5	23	theme	superior	876:883	arg1	uptake					891:896	superior water uptake	876:896	superior water uptake	876:896	These nanocomposites also showed superior water uptake, antimicrobial and biodegradable properties than the previously reported results.
26876999	0	24	theme	biomimetic	15:24	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of biomimetic	0:24	Development of biomimetic nanocomposites as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells.
26876999	7	25	theme	cells	1139:1143	arg1	proliferation					1103:1115	proliferation	1103:1115	proliferation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells onto the nanocomposites	1103:1167	Moreover, proliferation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells onto the nanocomposites was also observed without having any negative effect.
26876999	5	26	theme	reported	962:969	arg1	results					971:977	the previously reported results	947:977	the previously reported results	947:977	These nanocomposites also showed superior water uptake, antimicrobial and biodegradable properties than the previously reported results.
26876999	1	27	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc	195:218	arg1	oxide					220:224	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	195:224	nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide	195:224	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	0	28	theme	bone	44:47	arg1	matrix					63:68	bone extracellular matrix	44:68	bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells	44:97	Development of biomimetic nanocomposites as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells.
26876999	3	29	theme	related	493:499	arg1	problem					485:491	the problem	481:491	the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength	481:563	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	7	30	theme	osteoblastic	1120:1131	arg1	cells					1139:1143	osteoblastic MG-63 cells	1120:1143	osteoblastic MG-63 cells	1120:1143	Moreover, proliferation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells onto the nanocomposites was also observed without having any negative effect.
26876999	3	31	theme	vinyl	658:662	arg1	alcohol					664:670	vinyl alcohol	658:670	vinyl alcohol	658:670	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	6	32	theme	human	999:1003	arg1	blood					1005:1009	human blood	999:1009	human blood	999:1009	Compatibility with human blood and pH was observed, indicating nontoxicity of these materials to the human body.
26876999	3	33	theme	present	685:691	arg1	composite					693:701	the present composite	681:701	the present composite	681:701	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	2	34	theme	Scanning	372:379	arg1	microscopy					390:399	Scanning electron microscopy	372:399	Scanning electron microscopy images	372:406	Scanning electron microscopy images revealed interconnected macroporous structures.
26876999	0	35	theme	extracellular	49:61	arg1	matrix					63:68	bone extracellular matrix	44:68	bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells	44:97	Development of biomimetic nanocomposites as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells.
26876999	1	36	dep	Fourier	305:311	arg1	transform					313:321	transform	313:321	transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction	313:369	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	3	37	theme	chitosan-poly	644:656	arg1	matrix					673:678	chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix	644:678	chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix	644:678	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	38	theme	good	540:543	arg1	strength					556:563	good mechanical strength	540:563	good mechanical strength	540:563	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	1	39	theme	powder	346:351	arg1	spectroscopy					332:343	spectroscopy	332:343	spectroscopy	332:343	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	39	theme	powder	346:351	arg1	diffraction					359:369	powder X-ray diffraction	346:369	powder X-ray diffraction	346:369	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	4	40	theme	cancellous	826:835	arg1	bone					837:840	human cancellous bone	820:840	human cancellous bone	820:840	These values are similar to human cancellous bone.
26876999	1	41	theme	biomimetic	124:133	arg1	nanocomposites					135:148	biomimetic nanocomposites	124:148	biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells	124:282	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	42	theme	bone	229:232	arg1	matrix					248:253	bone extracellular matrix	229:253	bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells	229:282	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	3	43	theme	high	710:713	arg1	20.25MPa					733:740	20.25MPa	733:740	20.25MPa	733:740	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	43	theme	high	710:713	arg1	strength					723:730	high tensile strength	710:730	high tensile strength (20.25MPa)	710:741	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	4	44	theme	human	820:824	arg1	bone					837:840	human cancellous bone	820:840	human cancellous bone	820:840	These values are similar to human cancellous bone.
26876999	6	45	with	Compatibility	980:992	arg1	pH					1015:1016	pH	1015:1016	pH	1015:1016	Compatibility with human blood and pH was observed, indicating nontoxicity of these materials to the human body.
26876999	6	45	with	Compatibility	980:992	arg1	blood					1005:1009	human blood	999:1009	human blood	999:1009	Compatibility with human blood and pH was observed, indicating nontoxicity of these materials to the human body.
26876999	1	46	theme	extracellular	234:246	arg1	matrix					248:253	bone extracellular matrix	229:253	bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells	229:282	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	0	47	theme	human	74:78	arg1	cells					93:97	human osteoblastic cells	74:97	human osteoblastic cells	74:97	Development of biomimetic nanocomposites as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells.
26876999	3	48	theme	tensile	715:721	arg1	20.25MPa					733:740	20.25MPa	733:740	20.25MPa	733:740	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	48	theme	tensile	715:721	arg1	strength					723:730	high tensile strength	710:730	high tensile strength (20.25MPa)	710:741	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	3	49	dep	chitosan-poly	644:656	arg1	alcohol					664:670	vinyl alcohol	658:670	vinyl alcohol	658:670	Moreover, in this study, the problem related to fabricating a porous composite with good mechanical strength has been resolved by incorporating 5wt% of nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide into chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix; the present composite showed high tensile strength (20.25MPa) while maintaining appreciable porosity (65.25%).
26876999	1	50	theme	X-ray	353:357	arg1	spectroscopy					332:343	spectroscopy	332:343	spectroscopy	332:343	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
26876999	1	50	theme	X-ray	353:357	arg1	diffraction					359:369	powder X-ray diffraction	346:369	powder X-ray diffraction	346:369	Here, we have developed biomimetic nanocomposites containing chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) and nano-hydroxyapatite-zinc oxide as bone extracellular matrix for human osteoblastic cells and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction.
27106636	6	0	theme	highest	1415:1421	arg1	%					1463:1463	95, 93, and 93%	1449:1463	95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC	1449:1479	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	6	0	theme	highest	1415:1421	arg1	viabilities					1423:1433	the highest viabilities	1411:1433	the highest viabilities achieved	1411:1442	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	2	1	theme	photoinitiator	387:400	arg1	concentration					402:414	photoinitiator concentration	387:414	photoinitiator concentration	387:414	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	1	theme	photoinitiator	387:400	arg1	hydrogels					355:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels	337:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity)	337:436	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	7	2	theme	3D	1596:1597	arg1	printing					1599:1606	3D printing	1596:1606	3D printing for multiple cell types	1596:1630	These results identify parameter combinations that optimize cell viability during 3D printing for multiple cell types.
27106636	7	3	theme	parameter	1537:1545	arg1	combinations					1547:1558	parameter combinations	1537:1558	parameter combinations that optimize cell viability during 3D printing for multiple cell types	1537:1630	These results identify parameter combinations that optimize cell viability during 3D printing for multiple cell types.
27106636	6	4	dep	MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate	1296:1315	arg1	2-136 mW/cm2					1396:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	6	4	dep	MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate	1296:1315	arg1	w/v					1328:1330	0.25-1.0% w/v VA086	1318:1336	0.25-1.0% w/v VA086	1318:1336	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	6	4	dep	MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate	1296:1315	arg1	2959					1363:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	3	5	theme	fabrication	613:623	arg1	conditions					625:634	The fabrication conditions	609:634	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties	609:687	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	1	6	theme	tissues	205:211	arg1	biofabrication					167:180	the biofabrication	163:180	the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues	163:211	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	9	7	theme	oxidative	1819:1827	arg1	stress					1829:1834	intracellular oxidative stress	1805:1834	intracellular oxidative stress	1805:1834	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	6	8	theme	light	1380:1384	arg1	2-136 mW/cm2					1396:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	2	9	theme	photocrosslinking	337:353	arg1	type					381:384	photoinitiator type	366:384	photoinitiator type	366:384	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	9	theme	photocrosslinking	337:353	arg1	concentration					402:414	photoinitiator concentration	387:414	photoinitiator concentration	387:414	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	9	theme	photocrosslinking	337:353	arg1	intensity					427:435	light intensity	421:435	light intensity	421:435	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	9	theme	photocrosslinking	337:353	arg1	hydrogels					355:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels	337:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity)	337:436	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	5	10	theme	mesenchymal	1000:1010	arg1	HADMSC					1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	10	theme	mesenchymal	1000:1010	arg1	cells					1017:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells	978:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC)	978:1030	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	3	11	theme	desired	650:656	arg1	properties					678:687	desired hydrogel mechanical properties	650:687	desired hydrogel mechanical properties	650:687	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	1	12	theme	printing	221:228	arg1	success					230:236	3D printing success	218:236	3D printing success	218:236	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	6	13	theme	365 nm	1373:1378	arg1	2-136 mW/cm2					1396:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	9	14	from	increase	1793:1800	arg1	stress					1829:1834	intracellular oxidative stress	1805:1834	intracellular oxidative stress	1805:1834	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	5	15	theme	sinus	1185:1189	arg1	HASSMC					1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	15	theme	sinus	1185:1189	arg1	cells					1205:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells	1172:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC)	1172:1218	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	6	16	theme	Irgacure	1354:1361	arg1	2959					1363:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	2	17	dep	hydrogels	355:363	arg1	type					381:384	photoinitiator type	366:384	photoinitiator type	366:384	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	17	dep	hydrogels	355:363	arg1	concentration					402:414	photoinitiator concentration	387:414	photoinitiator concentration	387:414	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	17	dep	hydrogels	355:363	arg1	intensity					427:435	light intensity	421:435	light intensity	421:435	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	17	dep	hydrogels	355:363	arg1	hydrogels					355:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels	337:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity)	337:436	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	5	18	theme	photo-encapsulation	1085:1103	arg1	conditions					1105:1114	photo-encapsulation conditions	1085:1114	photo-encapsulation conditions	1085:1114	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	19	theme	muscle	1198:1203	arg1	HASSMC					1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	19	theme	muscle	1198:1203	arg1	cells					1205:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells	1172:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC)	1172:1218	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	3	20	theme	aortic	731:736	arg1	valve					738:742	aortic valve	731:742	aortic valve	731:742	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	4	21	from	decrease	919:926	arg1	viability					949:957	encapsulated cell viability	931:957	encapsulated cell viability	931:957	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	5	22	theme	photoinitiator	1052:1065	arg1	concentrations					1067:1080	increasing photoinitiator concentrations	1041:1080	increasing photoinitiator concentrations	1041:1080	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	2	23	theme	diacrylate/alginate	561:579	arg1	mixture					507:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture	481:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	481:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	6	24	theme	%	1348:1348	arg1	2959					1363:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	4	25	theme	3D	787:788	arg1	environment					807:817	3D hydrogel culture environment	787:817	3D hydrogel culture environment	787:817	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	2	26	theme	gelatin/poly-ethylene	532:552	arg1	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate					582:605	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate	582:605	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate	582:605	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	26	theme	gelatin/poly-ethylene	532:552	arg1	diacrylate/alginate					561:579	methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate	518:579	methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	518:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	0	27	from	Viability	31:39	arg1	Hydrogels					93:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	4	28	theme	culture	799:805	arg1	environment					807:817	3D hydrogel culture environment	787:817	3D hydrogel culture environment	787:817	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	0	29	theme	Printable	73:81	arg1	Hydrogels					93:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	1	30	theme	cardiovascular	185:198	arg1	tissues					205:211	cardiovascular soft tissues	185:211	cardiovascular soft tissues	185:211	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	4	31	theme	hydrogel	874:881	arg1	stiffness					883:891	hydrogel stiffness	874:891	hydrogel stiffness	874:891	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	1	32	theme	hydrogel	122:129	arg1	technologies					131:142	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies	104:142	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies	104:142	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	5	33	theme	valve	1135:1139	arg1	HAVIC					1161:1165	HAVIC	1161:1165	HAVIC	1161:1165	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	33	theme	valve	1135:1139	arg1	cells					1154:1158	aortic valve interstitial cells	1128:1158	aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC)	1128:1166	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	2	34	theme	extrusion	484:492	arg1	mixture					507:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture	481:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	481:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	35	theme	encapsulated	459:470	arg1	cells					472:476	encapsulated cells	459:476	encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	459:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	4	36	dep	environment	807:817	arg1	the					783:785	the	783:785	the	783:785	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	4	36	dep	environment	807:817	arg1	setting					835:841	setting	835:841	setting	835:841	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	8	37	theme	oxidative	1674:1682	arg1	stress					1684:1689	general oxidative stress	1666:1689	general oxidative stress	1666:1689	These results also indicate that general oxidative stress is higher in photocrosslinking conditions that induce lower cell viability.
27106636	3	38	theme	stem	759:762	arg1	viability					769:777	mesenchymal stem cell viability	747:777	mesenchymal stem cell viability	747:777	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	4	39	theme	encapsulated	931:942	arg1	viability					949:957	encapsulated cell viability	931:957	encapsulated cell viability	931:957	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	1	40	theme	soft	200:203	arg1	tissues					205:211	cardiovascular soft tissues	185:211	cardiovascular soft tissues	185:211	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	0	41	theme	Heart	44:48	arg1	Types					61:65	Heart Valve Cell Types	44:65	Heart Valve Cell Types	44:65	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	2	42	theme	printable	497:505	arg1	mixture					507:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture	481:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	481:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	9	43	theme	other	1888:1892	arg1	mechanisms					1901:1910	other stress mechanisms	1888:1910	other stress mechanisms	1888:1910	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	0	44	theme	Cell	56:59	arg1	Types					61:65	Heart Valve Cell Types	44:65	Heart Valve Cell Types	44:65	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	5	45	theme	valve	1179:1183	arg1	HASSMC					1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	45	theme	valve	1179:1183	arg1	cells					1205:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells	1172:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC)	1172:1218	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	6	46	theme	conditions	1273:1282	arg1	range					1232:1236	the range	1228:1236	the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2)	1228:1408	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	2	47	theme	photoinitiator	366:379	arg1	type					381:384	photoinitiator type	366:384	photoinitiator type	366:384	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	47	theme	photoinitiator	366:379	arg1	hydrogels					355:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels	337:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity)	337:436	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	7	48	theme	multiple	1612:1619	arg1	types					1626:1630	multiple cell types	1612:1630	multiple cell types	1612:1630	These results identify parameter combinations that optimize cell viability during 3D printing for multiple cell types.
27106636	2	49	from	effects	448:454	arg1	cells					472:476	encapsulated cells	459:476	encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	459:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	6	50	theme	photo-encapsulation	1241:1259	arg1	conditions					1273:1282	photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions	1241:1282	photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2)	1241:1408	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	5	51	theme	adipose	984:990	arg1	HADMSC					1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	51	theme	adipose	984:990	arg1	cells					1017:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells	978:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC)	978:1030	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	1	52	theme	multiple	254:261	arg1	variables					263:271	multiple variables	254:271	multiple variables	254:271	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	9	53	theme	stress	1894:1899	arg1	mechanisms					1901:1910	other stress mechanisms	1888:1910	other stress mechanisms	1888:1910	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	2	54	from	cells	472:476	arg1	mixture					507:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture	481:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	481:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	9	55	theme	suppressing	1776:1786	arg1	increase					1793:1800	this increase	1788:1800	suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress	1776:1834	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	8	56	theme	cell	1751:1754	arg1	viability					1756:1764	lower cell viability	1745:1764	lower cell viability	1745:1764	These results also indicate that general oxidative stress is higher in photocrosslinking conditions that induce lower cell viability.
27106636	7	57	theme	cell	1574:1577	arg1	viability					1579:1587	cell viability	1574:1587	cell viability	1574:1587	These results identify parameter combinations that optimize cell viability during 3D printing for multiple cell types.
27106636	5	58	theme	Human	978:982	arg1	HADMSC					1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	58	theme	Human	978:982	arg1	cells					1017:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells	978:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC)	978:1030	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	9	59	theme	intracellular	1805:1817	arg1	stress					1829:1834	intracellular oxidative stress	1805:1834	intracellular oxidative stress	1805:1834	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	6	60	theme	%	1326:1326	arg1	w/v					1328:1330	0.25-1.0% w/v VA086	1318:1336	0.25-1.0% w/v VA086	1318:1336	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	6	61	theme	intensity	1386:1394	arg1	2-136 mW/cm2					1396:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2	1373:1407	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	3	62	theme	hydrogel	658:665	arg1	properties					678:687	desired hydrogel mechanical properties	650:687	desired hydrogel mechanical properties	650:687	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	5	63	theme	derived	992:998	arg1	HADMSC					1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	63	theme	derived	992:998	arg1	cells					1017:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells	978:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC)	978:1030	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	1	64	theme	3D	218:219	arg1	success					230:236	3D printing success	218:236	3D printing success	218:236	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	3	65	theme	mechanical	667:676	arg1	properties					678:687	desired hydrogel mechanical properties	650:687	desired hydrogel mechanical properties	650:687	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	9	66	theme	cell	1852:1855	arg1	viability					1857:1865	cell viability	1852:1865	cell viability	1852:1865	However, suppressing this increase in intracellular oxidative stress did not improve cell viability, which suggests that other stress mechanisms also contribute.
27106636	5	67	theme	smooth	1191:1196	arg1	HASSMC					1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	67	theme	smooth	1191:1196	arg1	cells					1205:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells	1172:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC)	1172:1218	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	68	theme	increasing	1041:1050	arg1	concentrations					1067:1080	increasing photoinitiator concentrations	1041:1080	increasing photoinitiator concentrations	1041:1080	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	6	69	theme	w/v	1350:1352	arg1	2959					1363:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959	1339:1366	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	0	70	theme	3D	70:71	arg1	Hydrogels					93:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	5	71	theme	stem	1012:1015	arg1	HADMSC					1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	71	theme	stem	1012:1015	arg1	cells					1017:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells	978:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC)	978:1030	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	2	72	theme	glycol	554:559	arg1	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate					582:605	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate	582:605	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate	582:605	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	72	theme	glycol	554:559	arg1	diacrylate/alginate					561:579	methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate	518:579	methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	518:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	6	73	theme	0.025-0.1	1339:1347	arg1	%					1348:1348	%	1348:1348	%	1348:1348	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	0	74	theme	Composite	83:91	arg1	Hydrogels					93:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	70:101	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	2	75	theme	methacrylated	518:530	arg1	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate					582:605	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate	582:605	MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate	582:605	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	75	theme	methacrylated	518:530	arg1	diacrylate/alginate					561:579	methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate	518:579	methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	518:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	4	76	theme	hydrogel	790:797	arg1	environment					807:817	3D hydrogel culture environment	787:817	3D hydrogel culture environment	787:817	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	6	77	theme	live	1465:1468	arg1	%					1463:1463	95, 93, and 93%	1449:1463	95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC	1449:1479	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	6	77	theme	live	1465:1468	arg1	viabilities					1423:1433	the highest viabilities	1411:1433	the highest viabilities achieved	1411:1442	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	5	78	link	derived	992:998	arg1	HADMSC					1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	HADMSC	1024:1029	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	78	link	derived	992:998	arg1	cells					1017:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells	978:1021	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC)	978:1030	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	79	theme	aortic	1128:1133	arg1	HAVIC					1161:1165	HAVIC	1161:1165	HAVIC	1161:1165	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	79	theme	aortic	1128:1133	arg1	cells					1154:1158	aortic valve interstitial cells	1128:1158	aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC)	1128:1166	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	0	80	theme	Photo-Encapsulation	11:29	arg1	Viability					31:39	Photo-Encapsulation Viability	11:39	Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	11:101	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	8	81	theme	general	1666:1672	arg1	stress					1684:1689	general oxidative stress	1666:1689	general oxidative stress	1666:1689	These results also indicate that general oxidative stress is higher in photocrosslinking conditions that induce lower cell viability.
27106636	2	82	theme	light	421:425	arg1	intensity					427:435	light intensity	421:435	light intensity	421:435	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	2	82	theme	light	421:425	arg1	hydrogels					355:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels	337:363	photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity)	337:436	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	1	83	theme	Photocrosslinking	104:120	arg1	technologies					131:142	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies	104:142	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies	104:142	Photocrosslinking hydrogel technologies are attractive for the biofabrication of cardiovascular soft tissues, but 3D printing success is dependent on multiple variables.
27106636	3	84	theme	mesenchymal	747:757	arg1	viability					769:777	mesenchymal stem cell viability	747:777	mesenchymal stem cell viability	747:777	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	0	85	theme	Valve	50:54	arg1	Types					61:65	Heart Valve Cell Types	44:65	Heart Valve Cell Types	44:65	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	0	86	theme	Types	61:65	arg1	Viability					31:39	Photo-Encapsulation Viability	11:39	Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels	11:101	Optimizing Photo-Encapsulation Viability of Heart Valve Cell Types in 3D Printable Composite Hydrogels.
27106636	5	87	theme	aortic	1172:1177	arg1	HASSMC					1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	HASSMC	1212:1217	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	87	theme	aortic	1172:1177	arg1	cells					1205:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells	1172:1209	aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC)	1172:1218	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	2	88	theme	3D	494:495	arg1	mixture					507:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture	481:513	an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate)	481:606	In this study we systematically test variables associated with photocrosslinking hydrogels (photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration, and light intensity) for their effects on encapsulated cells in an extrusion 3D printable mixture of methacrylated gelatin/poly-ethylene glycol diacrylate/alginate (MEGEL/PEGDA3350/alginate).
27106636	8	89	theme	photocrosslinking	1704:1720	arg1	conditions					1722:1731	photocrosslinking conditions	1704:1731	photocrosslinking conditions that induce lower cell viability	1704:1764	These results also indicate that general oxidative stress is higher in photocrosslinking conditions that induce lower cell viability.
27106636	4	90	theme	cell	944:947	arg1	viability					949:957	encapsulated cell viability	931:957	encapsulated cell viability	931:957	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
27106636	5	91	theme	interstitial	1141:1152	arg1	HAVIC					1161:1165	HAVIC	1161:1165	HAVIC	1161:1165	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	5	91	theme	interstitial	1141:1152	arg1	cells					1154:1158	aortic valve interstitial cells	1128:1158	aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC)	1128:1166	Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC) survived increasing photoinitiator concentrations in photo-encapsulation conditions better than aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVIC) and aortic valve sinus smooth muscle cells (HASSMC).
27106636	6	92	theme	fabrication	1261:1271	arg1	conditions					1273:1282	photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions	1241:1282	photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2)	1241:1408	Within the range of photo-encapsulation fabrication conditions tested with MEGEL/PEGDA/alginate (0.25-1.0% w/v VA086, 0.025-0.1% w/v Irgacure 2959, and 365 nm light intensity 2-136 mW/cm2), the highest viabilities achieved were 95, 93, and 93% live for HASSMC, HAVIC, and HADMSC respectively.
27106636	3	93	theme	cell	764:767	arg1	viability					769:777	mesenchymal stem cell viability	747:777	mesenchymal stem cell viability	747:777	The fabrication conditions that produced desired hydrogel mechanical properties were compared against those that optimize aortic valve or mesenchymal stem cell viability.
27106636	7	94	theme	cell	1621:1624	arg1	types					1626:1630	multiple cell types	1612:1630	multiple cell types	1612:1630	These results identify parameter combinations that optimize cell viability during 3D printing for multiple cell types.
27106636	8	95	theme	lower	1745:1749	arg1	viability					1756:1764	lower cell viability	1745:1764	lower cell viability	1745:1764	These results also indicate that general oxidative stress is higher in photocrosslinking conditions that induce lower cell viability.
27106636	4	96	theme	proportional	906:917	arg1	decrease					919:926	a lower proportional decrease	898:926	a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086	898:975	In the 3D hydrogel culture environment and fabrication setting studied, Irgacure can increase hydrogel stiffness with a lower proportional decrease in encapsulated cell viability compared to VA086.
26232670	7	0	theme	mineral	1398:1404	arg1	deposition					1406:1415	the mineral deposition	1394:1415	the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20	1394:1442	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	6	1	theme	phosphatase	1196:1206	arg1	activity					1208:1215	alkaline phosphatase activity	1187:1215	alkaline phosphatase activity	1187:1215	Cell maturation identified by alkaline phosphatase activity on day 20 was significantly higher on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold than that on PHBV scaffold.
26232670	2	2	theme	chitosan	560:567	arg1	blend					499:503	a blend	497:503	a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	497:597	We fabricated bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) during this study.
26232670	7	3	theme	higher	1354:1359	arg1	deposition					1369:1378	higher mineral deposition	1354:1378	higher mineral deposition (25.79%)	1354:1387	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	7	3	theme	higher	1354:1359	arg1	%					1386:1386	25.79%	1381:1386	25.79%	1381:1386	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	8	4	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA8	1528:1539	arg1	scaffolds					1541:1549	the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	1512:1549	the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	1512:1549	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	8	5	theme	bone	1603:1606	arg1	tissue					1608:1613	bone tissue	1603:1613	bone tissue	1603:1613	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	1	6	theme	essential	306:314	arg1	demands					316:322	essential demands	306:322	essential demands	306:322	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	3	7	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA8	730:741	arg1	diameters					663:671	the fiber diameters	653:671	the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10)	653:751	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	1	8	from	challenges	336:345	arg1	therapies					367:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	1	9	theme	tissue	217:222	arg1	regeneration					224:235	bone tissue regeneration	212:235	bone tissue regeneration	212:235	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	8	10	theme	chelating	1734:1742	arg1	agent					1744:1748	a chelating agent	1732:1748	a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization	1732:1795	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	8	10	theme	chelating	1734:1742	arg1	HA					1720:1721	HA	1720:1721	HA	1720:1721	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	2	11	theme	hydroxyapatite	579:592	arg1	blend					499:503	a blend	497:503	a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	497:597	We fabricated bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) during this study.
26232670	4	12	theme	MPa	1018:1020	arg1	strength					974:981	ultimate tensile strength	957:981	ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	957:1020	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	1	13	theme	exploding	243:251	arg1	scaffolds					198:206	Bio-engineered scaffolds	183:206	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration	183:235	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	1	13	theme	exploding	243:251	arg1	area					253:256	an exploding area	240:256	an exploding area of research	240:268	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	4	14	theme	enduring	887:894	arg1	culture					910:916	enduring the long term culture	887:916	enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB)	887:950	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	3	15	theme	334	769:771	arg1	±					773:773	±	773:773	±	773:773	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	8	16	theme	chitosan	1648:1655	arg1	effect					1638:1643	the synergistic effect	1622:1643	the synergistic effect	1622:1643	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	1	17	theme	bone	436:439	arg1	matrix					409:414	the extracellular matrix	391:414	the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone	391:439	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	1	17	theme	bone	436:439	arg1	ECM					417:419	ECM	417:419	ECM	417:419	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	3	18	theme	Morphological	618:630	arg1	evaluation					632:641	Morphological evaluation	618:641	Morphological evaluation	618:641	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	8	19	theme	HA	1661:1662	arg1	effect					1638:1643	the synergistic effect	1622:1643	the synergistic effect	1622:1643	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	7	20	from	cells	1309:1313	arg1	scaffold					1331:1338	PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1318:1338	PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1318:1338	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	4	21	theme	human	921:925	arg1	hFOB					946:949	hFOB	946:949	hFOB	946:949	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	21	theme	human	921:925	arg1	osteoblasts					933:943	human fetal osteoblasts	921:943	human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB)	921:950	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	3	22	theme	82	775:776	arg1	±					773:773	±	773:773	±	773:773	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	0	23	theme	chitosan	54:61	arg1	Role					46:49	Role	46:49	Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation	46:180	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	3	24	theme	fiber	657:661	arg1	diameters					663:671	the fiber diameters	653:671	the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10)	653:751	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	1	25	theme	Bio-engineered	183:196	arg1	area					253:256	an exploding area	240:256	an exploding area of research	240:268	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	1	25	theme	Bio-engineered	183:196	arg1	scaffolds					198:206	Bio-engineered scaffolds	183:206	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration	183:235	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	4	26	theme	osteoblasts	933:943	arg1	culture					910:916	enduring the long term culture	887:916	enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB)	887:950	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	0	27	theme	hydroxyapatite	67:80	arg1	Role					46:49	Role	46:49	Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation	46:180	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	8	28	theme	recognition	1696:1706	arg1	sites					1708:1712	cell recognition sites	1691:1712	cell recognition sites	1691:1712	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	4	29	theme	long	900:903	arg1	term					905:908	the long term	896:908	enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB)	887:950	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	3	30	dep	nm	765:766	arg1	nm					809:810	110 nm	805:810	110 nm	805:810	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	4	31	theme	culture	910:916	arg1	capable					876:882	capable	876:882	capable	876:882	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	31	theme	culture	910:916	arg1	scaffolds					861:869	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	827:869	scaffolds	861:869	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	0	32	from	Role	46:49	arg1	evaluation					171:180	in vitro evaluation	162:180	in vitro evaluation	162:180	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	0	32	from	Role	46:49	arg1	properties					147:156	mechanical properties	136:156	mechanical properties	136:156	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	5	33	theme	PHBV	1132:1135	arg1	scaffold					1137:1144	PHBV scaffold	1132:1144	PHBV scaffold on day 20	1132:1154	The proliferation of osteoblasts on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold was found 34.10% higher than that on PHBV scaffold on day 20.
26232670	4	34	with	capable	876:882	arg1	strength					974:981	ultimate tensile strength	957:981	ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	957:1020	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	35	theme	tensile	966:972	arg1	strength					974:981	ultimate tensile strength	957:981	ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	957:1020	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	2	36	theme	nanofibrous	470:480	arg1	scaffolds					482:490	bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds	456:490	bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	456:597	We fabricated bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) during this study.
26232670	1	37	theme	current	328:334	arg1	challenges					336:345	current challenges	328:345	current challenges	328:345	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	2	38	theme	poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate	508:550	arg1	blend					499:503	a blend	497:503	a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	497:597	We fabricated bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) during this study.
26232670	5	39	from	proliferation	1041:1053	arg1	scaffold					1086:1093	PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1073:1093	PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1073:1093	The proliferation of osteoblasts on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold was found 34.10% higher than that on PHBV scaffold on day 20.
26232670	1	40	theme	replacement	355:365	arg1	therapies					367:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	7	41	theme	PHBV	1420:1423	arg1	scaffold					1425:1432	PHBV scaffold	1420:1432	PHBV scaffold	1420:1432	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	3	42	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA4	700:711	arg1	diameters					663:671	the fiber diameters	653:671	the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10)	653:751	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	1	43	theme	research	261:268	arg1	scaffolds					198:206	Bio-engineered scaffolds	183:206	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration	183:235	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	1	43	theme	research	261:268	arg1	area					253:256	an exploding area	240:256	an exploding area of research	240:268	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	8	44	theme	great	1556:1560	arg1	potential					1562:1570	great potential	1556:1570	great potential	1556:1570	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	4	45	theme	±	991:991	arg1	MPa					998:1000	3.55 ± 0.22 MPa	986:1000	3.55 ± 0.22 MPa	986:1000	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	5	46	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA8	1073:1084	arg1	scaffold					1086:1093	PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1073:1093	PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1073:1093	The proliferation of osteoblasts on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold was found 34.10% higher than that on PHBV scaffold on day 20.
26232670	1	47	from	demands	316:322	arg1	therapies					367:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	4	48	theme	MPa	998:1000	arg1	strength					974:981	ultimate tensile strength	957:981	ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	957:1020	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	6	49	theme	alkaline	1187:1194	arg1	phosphatase					1196:1206	alkaline phosphatase	1187:1206	alkaline phosphatase activity	1187:1215	Cell maturation identified by alkaline phosphatase activity on day 20 was significantly higher on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold than that on PHBV scaffold.
26232670	7	50	theme	mineral	1361:1367	arg1	deposition					1369:1378	higher mineral deposition	1354:1378	higher mineral deposition (25.79%)	1354:1387	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	7	50	theme	mineral	1361:1367	arg1	%					1386:1386	25.79%	1381:1386	25.79%	1381:1386	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	8	51	theme	electrospun	1516:1526	arg1	scaffolds					1541:1549	the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	1512:1549	the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	1512:1549	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	8	52	theme	apatite-like	1769:1780	arg1	mineralization					1782:1795	the apatite-like mineralization	1765:1795	the apatite-like mineralization	1765:1795	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	1	53	theme	bone	212:215	arg1	regeneration					224:235	bone tissue regeneration	212:235	bone tissue regeneration	212:235	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	6	54	theme	PHBV	1290:1293	arg1	scaffold					1295:1302	PHBV scaffold	1290:1302	PHBV scaffold	1290:1302	Cell maturation identified by alkaline phosphatase activity on day 20 was significantly higher on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold than that on PHBV scaffold.
26232670	6	55	theme	Cell	1157:1160	arg1	maturation					1162:1171	Cell maturation	1157:1171	Cell maturation identified by alkaline phosphatase activity on day 20	1157:1225	Cell maturation identified by alkaline phosphatase activity on day 20 was significantly higher on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold than that on PHBV scaffold.
26232670	8	56	theme	tissue	1608:1613	arg1	regeneration					1587:1598	the regeneration	1583:1598	the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization	1583:1795	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	3	57	theme	74	762:763	arg1	±					760:760	±	760:760	±	760:760	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	0	58	theme	in	162:163	arg1	evaluation					171:180	in vitro evaluation	162:180	in vitro evaluation	162:180	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	3	59	theme	405	756:758	arg1	±					760:760	±	760:760	±	760:760	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	8	60	theme	synergistic	1626:1636	arg1	effect					1638:1643	the synergistic effect	1622:1643	the synergistic effect	1622:1643	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	1	61	theme	native	429:434	arg1	bone					436:439	the native bone	425:439	the native bone	425:439	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	4	62	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA4	831:842	arg1	capable					876:882	capable	876:882	capable	876:882	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	62	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA4	831:842	arg1	scaffolds					861:869	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	827:869	scaffolds	861:869	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	5	63	from	scaffold	1137:1144	arg1	day					1149:1151	day 20	1149:1154	day 20	1149:1154	The proliferation of osteoblasts on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold was found 34.10% higher than that on PHBV scaffold on day 20.
26232670	2	64	with	scaffolds	482:490	arg1	blend					499:503	a blend	497:503	a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	497:597	We fabricated bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) during this study.
26232670	4	65	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA8	848:859	arg1	capable					876:882	capable	876:882	capable	876:882	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	65	theme	PHBV/CTS/HA8	848:859	arg1	scaffolds					861:869	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds	827:869	scaffolds	861:869	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	3	66	theme	316	782:784	arg1	±					786:786	±	786:786	±	786:786	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	0	67	dep	in	162:163	arg1	vitro					165:169	vitro	165:169	vitro	165:169	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	1	68	theme	extracellular	395:407	arg1	matrix					409:414	the extracellular matrix	391:414	the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone	391:439	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	1	68	theme	extracellular	395:407	arg1	ECM					417:419	ECM	417:419	ECM	417:419	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	7	69	theme	EDX	1458:1460	arg1	analysis					1462:1469	EDX analysis	1458:1469	EDX analysis	1458:1469	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	4	70	theme	fetal	927:931	arg1	hFOB					946:949	hFOB	946:949	hFOB	946:949	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	70	theme	fetal	927:931	arg1	osteoblasts					933:943	human fetal osteoblasts	921:943	human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB)	921:950	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	1	71	dep	demands	316:322	arg1	the					302:304	the	302:304	the	302:304	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	5	72	theme	osteoblasts	1058:1068	arg1	proliferation					1041:1053	The proliferation	1037:1053	The proliferation of osteoblasts on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold	1037:1093	The proliferation of osteoblasts on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold was found 34.10% higher than that on PHBV scaffold on day 20.
26232670	8	73	theme	cell	1691:1694	arg1	sites					1708:1712	cell recognition sites	1691:1712	cell recognition sites	1691:1712	Based on the results, we concluded that the electrospun PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds hold great potential to promote the regeneration of bone tissue due to the synergistic effect of chitosan and HA, whereby chitosan provided cell recognition sites while HA acted as a chelating agent for organizing the apatite-like mineralization.
26232670	3	74	theme	103	788:790	arg1	±					786:786	±	786:786	±	786:786	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	4	75	theme	term	905:908	arg1	culture					910:916	enduring the long term culture	887:916	enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB)	887:950	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	4	76	theme	ultimate	957:964	arg1	strength					974:981	ultimate tensile strength	957:981	ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	957:1020	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26232670	0	77	theme	bone	27:30	arg1	regeneration					32:43	bone regeneration	27:43	bone regeneration	27:43	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	2	78	theme	bio-composite	456:468	arg1	scaffolds					482:490	bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds	456:490	bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	456:597	We fabricated bio-composite nanofibrous scaffolds with a blend of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), chitosan (CTS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) during this study.
26232670	3	79	theme	PHBV/CTS	682:689	arg1	diameters					663:671	the fiber diameters	653:671	the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10)	653:751	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	3	80	theme	PHBV	676:679	arg1	diameters					663:671	the fiber diameters	653:671	the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10)	653:751	Morphological evaluation confirmed the fiber diameters of PHBV, PHBV/CTS (90:10), PHBV/CTS/HA4 (85.5:9.5:5) and PHBV/CTS/HA8 (81:9:10) as 405 ± 74 nm, 334 ± 82 nm, 316 ± 103 nm and 256 ± 110 nm, respectively.
26232670	0	81	theme	mechanical	136:145	arg1	properties					147:156	mechanical properties	136:156	mechanical properties	136:156	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	1	82	theme	bone	350:353	arg1	therapies					367:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	bone replacement therapies	350:375	Bio-engineered scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration is an exploding area of research mainly because they can satisfy the essential demands and current challenges in bone replacement therapies, by imitating the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the native bone.
26232670	7	83	from	deposition	1406:1415	arg1	scaffold					1425:1432	PHBV scaffold	1420:1432	PHBV scaffold	1420:1432	The cells on PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffold also acquired higher mineral deposition (25.79%) than the mineral deposition on PHBV scaffold by day 20, confirmed by EDX analysis.
26232670	0	84	dep	scaffolds	13:21	arg1	Role					46:49	Role	46:49	Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation	46:180	Biocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration: Role of chitosan and hydroxyapatite within poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate on mechanical properties and in vitro evaluation.
26232670	4	85	theme	±	1011:1011	arg1	MPa					1018:1020	4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	1006:1020	4.19 ± 0.19 MPa	1006:1020	The PHBV/CTS/HA4 and PHBV/CTS/HA8 scaffolds were capable of enduring the long term culture of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) with ultimate tensile strength of 3.55 ± 0.22 MPa and 4.19 ± 0.19 MPa, respectively.
26905582	11	0	theme	CRC	1846:1848	arg1	risk					1827:1830	an increased risk	1814:1830	an increased risk of developing CRC	1814:1848	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	3	1	theme	weekly	607:612	arg1	10mg/kg					645:651	10mg/kg	645:651	10mg/kg	645:651	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	3	1	theme	weekly	607:612	arg1	injections					633:642	2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections	605:642	2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate	605:691	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	6	2	theme	control	1130:1136	arg1	diet					1138:1141	the control diet	1126:1141	the control diet	1126:1141	RS and RS + GTE (but not GTE) diets significantly (P< 0.05) decreased tumour multiplicity and adenocarcinoma formation, relative to the control diet.
26905582	9	3	theme	IL-1β	1562:1566	arg1	mRNA					1568:1571	IL-1β mRNA	1562:1571	IL-1β mRNA	1562:1571	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	4	theme	cell	1578:1581	arg1	proliferation					1583:1595	cell proliferation	1578:1595	cell proliferation	1578:1595	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	8	5	from	increases	1273:1281	arg1	Bifidobacterium					1349:1363	Bifidobacterium	1349:1363	Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift	1349:1400	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	8	5	from	increases	1273:1281	arg1	Marvinbryantia					1330:1343	Marvinbryantia	1330:1343	Marvinbryantia	1330:1343	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	8	5	from	increases	1273:1281	arg1	Ruminococcus					1316:1327	Ruminococcus	1316:1327	Ruminococcus	1316:1327	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	8	5	from	increases	1273:1281	arg1	Barnesiella					1303:1313	Barnesiella	1303:1313	Barnesiella	1303:1313	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	9	6	theme	receptor	1491:1498	arg1	mRNA					1506:1509	the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1482:1509	the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1482:1509	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	1	7	theme	dietary	171:177	arg1	RS					197:198	RS	197:198	RS	197:198	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	7	theme	dietary	171:177	arg1	starch					189:194	dietary resistant starch	171:194	dietary resistant starch (RS)	171:199	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	8	8	theme	RS	1198:1199	arg1	diet					1201:1204	RS diet	1198:1204	RS diet	1198:1204	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	9	9	theme	SCFA	1486:1489	arg1	mRNA					1506:1509	the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1482:1509	the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1482:1509	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	0	10	theme	colitis-associated	96:113	arg1	cancer					126:131	colitis-associated colorectal cancer	96:131	colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats	96:139	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch is associated with protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats.
26905582	7	11	theme	GTE	1160:1162	arg1	Effects					1144:1150	Effects	1144:1150	Effects of RS + GTE	1144:1162	Effects of RS + GTE were not different from RS alone.
26905582	9	12	theme	GPR43	1500:1504	arg1	mRNA					1506:1509	the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1482:1509	the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1482:1509	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	1	13	theme	agents	422:427	arg1	action					406:411	action	406:411	action of these agents	406:427	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	5	14	theme	fermentation	944:955	arg1	products					957:964	fermentation products	944:964	fermentation products	944:964	Colon tissues and tumours were examined for histopathology by H&E, gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry and digesta for analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations.
26905582	2	15	theme	control	492:498	arg1	diet					500:503	a control diet	490:503	a control diet	490:503	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	5	16	theme	products	957:964	arg1	analyses					932:939	analyses	932:939	analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations	932:991	Colon tissues and tumours were examined for histopathology by H&E, gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry and digesta for analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations.
26905582	2	17	theme	%	536:536	arg1	GTE					538:540	0.5% GTE	533:540	0.5% GTE	533:540	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	11	18	theme	chemopreventive	1667:1681	arg1	effects					1683:1689	chemopreventive effects	1667:1689	chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE)	1667:1709	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	1	19	theme	anti-inflammatory	241:257	arg1	properties					274:283	anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties	241:283	anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties	241:283	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	8	20	theme	primary	1368:1374	arg1	contributors					1376:1387	primary contributors	1368:1387	primary contributors to the shift	1368:1400	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	2	21	theme	two	566:568	arg1	RS					529:530	10% RS	525:530	10% RS	525:530	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	2	21	theme	two	566:568	arg1	GTE					538:540	0.5% GTE	533:540	0.5% GTE	533:540	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	2	21	theme	two	566:568	arg1	combination					547:557	a combination	545:557	a combination of the two (RS + GTE)	545:579	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	9	22	theme	fatty	1445:1449	arg1	SCFA					1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	22	theme	fatty	1445:1449	arg1	acids					1451:1455	short chain fatty acids	1433:1455	short chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1433:1462	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	8	23	from	shifts	1225:1230	arg1	composition/diversity					1245:1265	microbial composition/diversity	1235:1265	microbial composition/diversity	1235:1265	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	1	24	theme	resistant	179:187	arg1	RS					197:198	RS	197:198	RS	197:198	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	24	theme	resistant	179:187	arg1	starch					189:194	dietary resistant starch	171:194	dietary resistant starch (RS)	171:199	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	0	25	theme	colorectal	115:124	arg1	cancer					126:131	colitis-associated colorectal cancer	96:131	colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats	96:139	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch is associated with protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats.
26905582	1	26	theme	rat	353:355	arg1	model					357:361	a rat model	351:361	a rat model	351:361	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	2	27	contain	containing	514:523	arg2	RS					529:530	10% RS	525:530	10% RS	525:530	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	2	27	contain	containing	514:523	arg2	combination					547:557	a combination	545:557	a combination of the two (RS + GTE)	545:579	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	2	27	contain	containing	514:523	arg2	GTE					538:540	0.5% GTE	533:540	0.5% GTE	533:540	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	2	27	contain	containing	514:523	arg1	diet					500:503	a control diet	490:503	a control diet	490:503	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	5	28	theme	populations	981:991	arg1	analyses					932:939	analyses	932:939	analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations	932:991	Colon tissues and tumours were examined for histopathology by H&E, gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry and digesta for analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations.
26905582	6	29	theme	adenocarcinoma	1088:1101	arg1	formation					1103:1111	adenocarcinoma formation	1088:1111	adenocarcinoma formation	1088:1111	RS and RS + GTE (but not GTE) diets significantly (P< 0.05) decreased tumour multiplicity and adenocarcinoma formation, relative to the control diet.
26905582	7	30	from	RS	1188:1189	arg1	different					1173:1181	different	1173:1181	different	1173:1181	Effects of RS + GTE were not different from RS alone.
26905582	7	31	theme	RS	1155:1156	arg1	Effects					1144:1150	Effects	1144:1150	Effects of RS + GTE	1144:1162	Effects of RS + GTE were not different from RS alone.
26905582	10	32	contain	had	1610:1612	arg1	GTE					1606:1608	GTE	1606:1608	GTE	1606:1608	GTE had no effect.
26905582	10	32	contain	had	1610:1612	arg2	effect					1617:1622	no effect	1614:1622	no effect	1614:1622	GTE had no effect.
26905582	11	33	theme	ulcerative	1784:1793	arg1	colitis					1795:1801	ulcerative colitis	1784:1801	ulcerative colitis	1784:1801	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	5	34	theme	Colon	793:797	arg1	tissues					799:805	Colon tissues	793:805	Colon tissues	793:805	Colon tissues and tumours were examined for histopathology by H&E, gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry and digesta for analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations.
26905582	11	35	dep	suggesting	1734:1743	arg1	have					1754:1757	have	1754:1757	suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC	1734:1848	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	0	36	theme	gut	20:22	arg1	microbiota					24:33	the gut microbiota	16:33	the gut microbiota using resistant starch	16:56	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch is associated with protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats.
26905582	1	37	theme	anticancer	263:272	arg1	properties					274:283	anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties	241:283	anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties	241:283	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	2	38	theme	10	525:526	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	1	39	theme	gut	460:462	arg1	microbiota					464:473	the gut microbiota	456:473	the gut microbiota	456:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	9	40	theme	chain	1439:1443	arg1	SCFA					1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	40	theme	chain	1439:1443	arg1	acids					1451:1455	short chain fatty acids	1433:1455	short chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1433:1462	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	8	41	theme	significant	1213:1223	arg1	shifts					1225:1230	significant shifts	1213:1230	significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity	1213:1265	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	9	42	theme	short	1433:1437	arg1	SCFA					1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	42	theme	short	1433:1437	arg1	acids					1451:1455	short chain fatty acids	1433:1455	short chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1433:1462	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	43	theme	RS-containing	1403:1415	arg1	diets					1417:1421	RS-containing diets	1403:1421	RS-containing diets	1403:1421	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	11	44	theme	increased	1817:1825	arg1	risk					1827:1830	an increased risk	1814:1830	an increased risk of developing CRC	1814:1848	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	3	45	from	weeks	730:734	arg1	diets					739:743	diets	739:743	diets	739:743	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	11	46	theme	rodent	1716:1721	arg1	model					1727:1731	a rodent CAC model	1714:1731	a rodent CAC model	1714:1731	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	5	47	theme	gene/protein	860:871	arg1	expression					873:882	gene/protein expression	860:882	gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry	860:914	Colon tissues and tumours were examined for histopathology by H&E, gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry and digesta for analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations.
26905582	1	48	theme	green	205:209	arg1	GTE					224:226	GTE	224:226	GTE	224:226	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	48	theme	green	205:209	arg1	extract					215:221	green tea extract	205:221	green tea extract (GTE)	205:227	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	0	49	theme	microbiota	24:33	arg1	Manipulation					0:11	Manipulation	0:11	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch	0:56	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch is associated with protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats.
26905582	3	50	theme	2	666:666	arg1	%					667:667	%	667:667	%	667:667	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	4	51	theme	first	782:786	arg1	AOM					788:790	the first AOM	778:790	the first AOM	778:790	Rats were killed 20 weeks after the first AOM.
26905582	2	52	dep	two	566:568	arg1	GTE					576:578	GTE	576:578	GTE	576:578	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	2	52	dep	two	566:568	arg1	RS					571:572	RS	571:572	RS	571:572	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	11	53	with	patients	1770:1777	arg1	colitis					1795:1801	ulcerative colitis	1784:1801	ulcerative colitis	1784:1801	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	1	54	theme	tea	211:213	arg1	GTE					224:226	GTE	224:226	GTE	224:226	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	54	theme	tea	211:213	arg1	extract					215:221	green tea extract	205:221	green tea extract (GTE)	205:227	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	3	55	theme	%	667:667	arg1	sulphate					684:691	2% dextran sodium sulphate	666:691	2% dextran sodium sulphate	666:691	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	2	56	theme	0.5	533:535	arg1	%					536:536	%	536:536	%	536:536	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	1	57	theme	potential	382:390	arg1	effects					445:451	their effects	439:451	their effects on the gut microbiota	439:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	57	theme	potential	382:390	arg1	mechanisms					392:401	potential mechanisms	382:401	potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota	382:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	11	58	theme	CAC	1723:1725	arg1	model					1727:1731	a rodent CAC model	1714:1731	a rodent CAC model	1714:1731	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	1	59	dep	protect	286:292	arg1	investigated					369:380	investigated	369:380	investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota	369:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	0	60	theme	resistant	41:49	arg1	starch					51:56	resistant starch	41:56	resistant starch	41:56	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch is associated with protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats.
26905582	1	61	theme	colitis-associated	302:319	arg1	CAC					340:342	CAC	340:342	CAC	340:342	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	61	theme	colitis-associated	302:319	arg1	cancer					332:337	colitis-associated colorectal cancer	302:337	colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model	302:361	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	0	62	from	cancer	126:131	arg1	rats					136:139	rats	136:139	rats	136:139	Manipulation of the gut microbiota using resistant starch is associated with protection against colitis-associated colorectal cancer in rats.
26905582	9	63	theme	mRNA	1506:1509	arg1	SCFA					1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	SCFA	1458:1461	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	63	theme	mRNA	1506:1509	arg1	expression					1468:1477	expression	1468:1477	expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA	1468:1509	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	63	theme	mRNA	1506:1509	arg1	acids					1451:1455	short chain fatty acids	1433:1455	short chain fatty acids (SCFA)	1433:1462	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	6	64	dep	significantly	1030:1042	arg1	P<					1045:1046	P<	1045:1046	P<	1045:1046	RS and RS + GTE (but not GTE) diets significantly (P< 0.05) decreased tumour multiplicity and adenocarcinoma formation, relative to the control diet.
26905582	9	65	dep	inflammation	1524:1535	arg1	P<					1597:1598	P<	1597:1598	P<	1597:1598	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	65	dep	inflammation	1524:1535	arg1	mRNA					1568:1571	IL-1β mRNA	1562:1571	IL-1β mRNA	1562:1571	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	65	dep	inflammation	1524:1535	arg1	NF-kB					1545:1549	NF-kB	1545:1549	NF-kB	1545:1549	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	65	dep	inflammation	1524:1535	arg1	COX-2					1538:1542	COX-2	1538:1542	COX-2	1538:1542	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	9	65	dep	inflammation	1524:1535	arg1	TNF-α					1552:1556	TNF-α	1552:1556	TNF-α	1552:1556	RS-containing diets increased short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and expression of the SCFA receptor GPR43 mRNA, and reduced inflammation (COX-2, NF-kB, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA) and cell proliferation P< 0.05.
26905582	1	66	theme	colorectal	321:330	arg1	CAC					340:342	CAC	340:342	CAC	340:342	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	66	theme	colorectal	321:330	arg1	cancer					332:337	colitis-associated colorectal cancer	302:337	colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model	302:361	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	11	67	theme	developing	1835:1844	arg1	CRC					1846:1848	developing CRC	1835:1848	developing CRC	1835:1848	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	6	68	dep	RS	994:995	arg1	diets					1024:1028	diets	1024:1028	diets	1024:1028	RS and RS + GTE (but not GTE) diets significantly (P< 0.05) decreased tumour multiplicity and adenocarcinoma formation, relative to the control diet.
26905582	6	69	theme	tumour	1064:1069	arg1	multiplicity					1071:1082	tumour multiplicity	1064:1082	tumour multiplicity	1064:1082	RS and RS + GTE (but not GTE) diets significantly (P< 0.05) decreased tumour multiplicity and adenocarcinoma formation, relative to the control diet.
26905582	1	70	from	effects	445:451	arg1	microbiota					464:473	the gut microbiota	456:473	the gut microbiota	456:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	2	71	theme	%	527:527	arg1	RS					529:530	10% RS	525:530	10% RS	525:530	Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing 10% RS, 0.5% GTE or a combination of the two (RS + GTE).
26905582	1	72	theme	action	406:411	arg1	effects					445:451	their effects	439:451	their effects on the gut microbiota	439:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	72	theme	action	406:411	arg1	mechanisms					392:401	potential mechanisms	382:401	potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota	382:473	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	73	contain	have	236:239	arg1	GTE					224:226	GTE	224:226	GTE	224:226	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	73	contain	have	236:239	arg1	extract					215:221	green tea extract	205:221	green tea extract (GTE)	205:227	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	73	contain	have	236:239	arg1	RS					197:198	RS	197:198	RS	197:198	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	73	contain	have	236:239	arg1	starch					189:194	dietary resistant starch	171:194	dietary resistant starch (RS)	171:199	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	1	73	contain	have	236:239	arg2	properties					274:283	anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties	241:283	anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties	241:283	This study evaluated whether dietary resistant starch (RS) and green tea extract (GTE), which have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, protect against colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) using a rat model, also investigated potential mechanisms of action of these agents including their effects on the gut microbiota.
26905582	11	74	theme	first	1637:1641	arg1	This					1625:1628	This	1625:1628	This	1625:1628	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	11	74	theme	first	1637:1641	arg1	study					1643:1647	the first study	1633:1647	the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC	1633:1848	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	8	75	theme	microbial	1235:1243	arg1	composition/diversity					1245:1265	microbial composition/diversity	1235:1265	microbial composition/diversity	1235:1265	RS diet caused significant shifts in microbial composition/diversity, with increases in Parabacteroides, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Marvinbryantia and Bifidobacterium as primary contributors to the shift.
26905582	3	76	theme	dextran	669:675	arg1	sulphate					684:691	2% dextran sodium sulphate	666:691	2% dextran sodium sulphate	666:691	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	3	77	theme	sodium	677:682	arg1	sulphate					684:691	2% dextran sodium sulphate	666:691	2% dextran sodium sulphate	666:691	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	5	78	theme	microbiota	970:979	arg1	populations					981:991	microbiota populations	970:991	microbiota populations	970:991	Colon tissues and tumours were examined for histopathology by H&E, gene/protein expression by PCR and immunohistochemistry and digesta for analyses of fermentation products and microbiota populations.
26905582	11	79	theme	RS	1694:1695	arg1	effects					1683:1689	chemopreventive effects	1667:1689	chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE)	1667:1709	This is the first study that demonstrates chemopreventive effects of RS (but not GTE) in a rodent CAC model, suggesting RS might have benefit to patients with ulcerative colitis who are at an increased risk of developing CRC.
26905582	3	80	theme	azoxymethane	614:625	arg1	10mg/kg					645:651	10mg/kg	645:651	10mg/kg	645:651	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26905582	3	80	theme	azoxymethane	614:625	arg1	injections					633:642	2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections	605:642	2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate	605:691	CAC was initiated with 2 weekly azoxymethane (AOM) injections (10mg/kg) followed by 2% dextran sodium sulphate in drinking water for 7 days after 2 weeks on diets.
26560133	8	0	dep	RESULTS	904:910	arg1	decreases					927:935	The respective decreases	912:935	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity	904:979	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity were 13.4 and 14.8% for group A and 30.4 and 32.6% for group B.
26560133	10	1	theme	total	1158:1162	arg1	content					1173:1179	The total collagen content	1154:1179	The total collagen content	1154:1179	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	1	theme	total	1158:1162	arg1	lower					1199:1203	lower	1199:1203	lower	1199:1203	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	5	2	theme	group	716:720	arg1	autografts					704:713	autografts	704:713	autografts (group A)	704:723	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	5	2	theme	group	716:720	arg1	A					722:722	group A	716:722	group A	716:722	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	11	3	theme	1.1	1474:1476	arg1	%					1477:1477	%	1477:1477	%	1477:1477	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	10	4	theme	collagen	1164:1171	arg1	content					1173:1179	The total collagen content	1154:1179	The total collagen content	1154:1179	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	4	theme	collagen	1164:1171	arg1	lower					1199:1203	lower	1199:1203	lower	1199:1203	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	5	from	properties	290:299	arg1	Knowledge					170:178	BACKGROUND Knowledge	159:178	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	159:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	10	6	theme	biomechanical	1349:1361	arg1	properties					1363:1372	biomechanical properties	1349:1372	biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1349:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	13	7	theme	cartilage	1703:1711	arg1	disorder					1687:1694	irreversible ECM disorder	1670:1694	irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage	1670:1711	The viable allograft causes irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage.
26560133	0	8	theme	biomechanical	102:114	arg1	properties					116:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties	82:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage	82:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	14	9	theme	chondroprotective	1816:1832	arg1	properties					1834:1843	their chondroprotective properties	1810:1843	their chondroprotective properties	1810:1843	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	12	10	theme	elasticity	1556:1565	arg1	decrease					1534:1541	decrease	1534:1541	decrease of cartilage elasticity	1534:1565	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	1	11	theme	medial	204:209	arg1	allograft					220:228	viable medial meniscus allograft	197:228	viable medial meniscus allograft	197:228	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	12	12	theme	average	1517:1523	arg1	0.77					1595:1598	0.77	1595:1598	0.77	1595:1598	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	12	12	theme	average	1517:1523	arg1	ratio					1525:1529	The average ratio	1513:1529	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus	1513:1589	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	13	13	theme	ECM	1683:1685	arg1	disorder					1687:1694	irreversible ECM disorder	1670:1694	irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage	1670:1711	The viable allograft causes irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage.
26560133	0	14	theme	rabbit	134:139	arg1	cartilage					148:156	the rabbit tibial cartilage	130:156	the rabbit tibial cartilage	130:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	15	from	impact	187:192	arg1	properties					290:299	biochemical and mechanical properties	263:299	biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	263:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	11	16	theme	content	1445:1451	arg1	decrease					1415:1422	A 1% decrease	1410:1422	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content	1410:1451	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	0	17	theme	cartilage	148:156	arg1	properties					116:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties	82:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage	82:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	5	18	theme	group	750:754	arg1	allografts					738:747	seven as allografts	729:747	seven as allografts (group B)	729:757	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	5	18	theme	group	750:754	arg1	B					756:756	group B	750:756	group B	750:756	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	14	19	theme	grafts	1775:1780	arg1	composition					1743:1753	the biochemical composition	1727:1753	the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts	1727:1780	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	0	20	from	evaluation	17:26	arg1	properties					116:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties	82:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage	82:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	21	theme	cartilage	1399:1407	arg1	properties					1363:1372	biomechanical properties	1349:1372	biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1349:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	21	theme	cartilage	1399:1407	arg1	composition					1299:1309	the biochemical composition	1283:1309	the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	1283:1343	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	0	22	theme	graft	68:72	arg1	type					74:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	8	23	theme	group	1005:1009	arg1	A					1011:1011	group A	1005:1011	group A	1005:1011	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity were 13.4 and 14.8% for group A and 30.4 and 32.6% for group B.
26560133	10	24	dep	group	1208:1212	arg1	B.					1214:1215	group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1208:1407	group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1208:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	24	dep	group	1208:1212	arg1	CONCLUSIONS					1217:1227	CONCLUSIONS	1217:1227	group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1208:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	14	25	theme	ECM	1762:1764	arg1	grafts					1775:1780	the ECM meniscal grafts	1758:1780	the ECM meniscal grafts	1758:1780	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	12	26	theme	meniscus	1626:1633	arg1	graft					1635:1639	meniscus graft	1626:1639	meniscus graft	1626:1639	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	10	27	theme	underlying	1381:1390	arg1	cartilage					1399:1407	the underlying tibial cartilage	1377:1407	the underlying tibial cartilage	1377:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	28	theme	osteoarthritis	363:376	arg1	development					342:352	the development	338:352	the development of joint osteoarthritis	338:376	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	10	29	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1217:1227	arg1	has					1263:1265	has	1263:1265	has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1263:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	30	theme	graft	1257:1261	arg1	type					1233:1236	The type	1229:1236	The type of viable meniscal graft	1229:1261	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	0	31	theme	biochemical	86:96	arg1	properties					116:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties	82:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage	82:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	32	contain	has	1263:1265	arg2	influence					1270:1278	an influence	1267:1278	an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1267:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	32	contain	has	1263:1265	arg1	type					1233:1236	The type	1229:1236	The type of viable meniscal graft	1229:1261	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	33	from	influence	1270:1278	arg1	properties					1363:1372	biomechanical properties	1349:1372	biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1349:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	33	from	influence	1270:1278	arg1	composition					1299:1309	the biochemical composition	1283:1309	the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	1283:1343	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	2	34	theme	viable	454:459	arg1	autograft					477:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	2	34	theme	viable	454:459	arg1	months					441:446	6 months	439:446	6 months	439:446	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	14	35	theme	biochemical	1731:1741	arg1	composition					1743:1753	the biochemical composition	1727:1753	the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts	1727:1780	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	1	36	theme	mechanical	279:288	arg1	properties					290:299	biochemical and mechanical properties	263:299	biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	263:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	11	37	theme	%	1477:1477	arg1	decrease					1479:1486	a 1.1% decrease	1472:1486	a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity	1472:1510	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	11	38	theme	%	1413:1413	arg1	decrease					1415:1422	A 1% decrease	1410:1422	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content	1410:1451	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	14	39	theme	composition	1743:1753	arg1	Knowledge					1714:1722	Knowledge	1714:1722	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts	1714:1780	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	14	39	theme	composition	1743:1753	arg1	predictor					1797:1805	a predictor	1795:1805	a predictor of their chondroprotective properties	1795:1843	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	8	40	theme	group	1036:1040	arg1	B					1042:1042	group B	1036:1042	group B	1036:1042	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity were 13.4 and 14.8% for group A and 30.4 and 32.6% for group B.
26560133	10	41	theme	meniscal	1248:1255	arg1	graft					1257:1261	viable meniscal graft	1241:1261	viable meniscal graft	1241:1261	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	8	42	theme	respective	916:925	arg1	decreases					927:935	The respective decreases	912:935	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity	904:979	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity were 13.4 and 14.8% for group A and 30.4 and 32.6% for group B.
26560133	2	43	theme	meniscal	468:475	arg1	autograft					477:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	2	43	theme	meniscal	468:475	arg1	months					441:446	6 months	439:446	6 months	439:446	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	0	44	theme	medial	52:57	arg1	type					74:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	45	theme	meniscus	211:218	arg1	allograft					220:228	viable medial meniscus allograft	197:228	viable medial meniscus allograft	197:228	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	1	46	theme	transplantation	244:258	arg1	impact					187:192	the impact	183:192	the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	183:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	8	47	theme	elasticity	970:979	arg1	decreases					927:935	The respective decreases	912:935	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity	904:979	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity were 13.4 and 14.8% for group A and 30.4 and 32.6% for group B.
26560133	1	48	theme	biochemical	263:273	arg1	properties					290:299	biochemical and mechanical properties	263:299	biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	263:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	10	49	theme	matrix	1332:1337	arg1	properties					1363:1372	biomechanical properties	1349:1372	biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage	1349:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	49	theme	matrix	1332:1337	arg1	composition					1299:1309	the biochemical composition	1283:1309	the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	1283:1343	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	50	theme	BACKGROUND	159:168	arg1	Knowledge					170:178	BACKGROUND Knowledge	159:178	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	159:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	6	51	theme	control	764:770	arg1	group					772:776	The control group	760:776	The control group	760:776	The control group consisted of six animals which underwent arthrotomy.
26560133	7	52	theme	tibial	835:840	arg1	cartilage					842:850	The tibial cartilage	831:850	The tibial cartilage	831:850	The tibial cartilage was used for mechanical and biochemical evaluation.
26560133	12	53	theme	cartilage	1546:1554	arg1	elasticity					1556:1565	cartilage elasticity	1546:1565	cartilage elasticity	1546:1565	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	11	54	theme	cartilage	1491:1499	arg1	elasticity					1501:1510	cartilage elasticity	1491:1510	cartilage elasticity	1491:1510	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	11	55	theme	elasticity	1501:1510	arg1	decrease					1479:1486	a 1.1% decrease	1472:1486	a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity	1472:1510	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	1	56	theme	impact	187:192	arg1	Knowledge					170:178	BACKGROUND Knowledge	159:178	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	159:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	4	57	theme	culture	640:646	arg1	conditions					648:657	tissue culture conditions	633:657	tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks	633:669	The medial menisci were excised from 14 animals and stored under tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks.
26560133	1	58	theme	viable	197:202	arg1	allograft					220:228	viable medial meniscus allograft	197:228	viable medial meniscus allograft	197:228	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	13	59	theme	irreversible	1670:1681	arg1	disorder					1687:1694	irreversible ECM disorder	1670:1694	irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage	1670:1711	The viable allograft causes irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage.
26560133	0	60	theme	tibial	141:146	arg1	cartilage					148:156	the rabbit tibial cartilage	130:156	the rabbit tibial cartilage	130:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	12	61	theme	decrease	1534:1541	arg1	0.77					1595:1598	0.77	1595:1598	0.77	1595:1598	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	12	61	theme	decrease	1534:1541	arg1	ratio					1525:1529	The average ratio	1513:1529	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus	1513:1589	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	11	62	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1427:1443	arg1	content					1445:1451	glycosaminoglycan content	1427:1451	glycosaminoglycan content	1427:1451	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	12	63	theme	graft	1635:1639	arg1	type					1618:1621	the type	1614:1621	the type of meniscus graft	1614:1639	The average ratio of decrease of cartilage elasticity to that of the meniscus was 0.77 regardless of the type of meniscus graft.
26560133	0	64	theme	meniscus	59:66	arg1	type					74:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	14	65	theme	properties	1834:1843	arg1	Knowledge					1714:1722	Knowledge	1714:1722	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts	1714:1780	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	14	65	theme	properties	1834:1843	arg1	predictor					1797:1805	a predictor	1795:1805	a predictor of their chondroprotective properties	1795:1843	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	0	66	theme	type	74:77	arg1	impact					35:40	the impact	31:40	the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage	31:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	67	from	Knowledge	170:178	arg1	properties					290:299	biochemical and mechanical properties	263:299	biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	263:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	14	68	theme	meniscal	1766:1773	arg1	grafts					1775:1780	the ECM meniscal grafts	1758:1780	the ECM meniscal grafts	1758:1780	Knowledge of the biochemical composition of the ECM meniscal grafts may serve as a predictor of their chondroprotective properties.
26560133	2	69	theme	allograft	491:499	arg1	transplantation					501:515	allograft transplantation	491:515	allograft transplantation	491:515	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	2	69	theme	allograft	491:499	arg1	months					441:446	6 months	439:446	6 months	439:446	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	10	70	theme	tibial	1392:1397	arg1	cartilage					1399:1407	the underlying tibial cartilage	1377:1407	the underlying tibial cartilage	1377:1407	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	71	theme	joint	357:361	arg1	osteoarthritis					363:376	joint osteoarthritis	357:376	joint osteoarthritis	357:376	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	13	72	theme	viable	1646:1651	arg1	allograft					1653:1661	The viable allograft	1642:1661	The viable allograft	1642:1661	The viable allograft causes irreversible ECM disorder of the cartilage.
26560133	10	73	theme	viable	1241:1246	arg1	graft					1257:1261	viable meniscal graft	1241:1261	viable meniscal graft	1241:1261	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	5	74	theme	as	735:736	arg1	allografts					738:747	seven as allografts	729:747	seven as allografts (group B)	729:757	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	5	74	theme	as	735:736	arg1	B					756:756	group B	750:756	group B	750:756	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	5	74	theme	as	735:736	arg1	menisci					678:684	Seven menisci	672:684	Seven menisci	672:684	Seven menisci were implanted as autografts (group A) and seven as allografts (group B).
26560133	2	75	dep	months	441:446	arg1	autograft					477:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	2	75	dep	months	441:446	arg1	transplantation					501:515	allograft transplantation	491:515	allograft transplantation	491:515	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	2	75	dep	months	441:446	arg1	months					441:446	6 months	439:446	6 months	439:446	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	0	76	from	impact	35:40	arg1	properties					116:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties	82:125	the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage	82:156	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	2	77	theme	study	399:403	arg1	purpose					383:389	The purpose	379:389	The purpose of this study	379:403	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	0	78	theme	quantitative	4:15	arg1	evaluation					17:26	The quantitative evaluation	0:26	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.	0:157	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	4	79	theme	medial	572:577	arg1	menisci					579:585	The medial menisci	568:585	The medial menisci	568:585	The medial menisci were excised from 14 animals and stored under tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks.
26560133	11	80	theme	1	1412:1412	arg1	%					1413:1413	%	1413:1413	%	1413:1413	A 1% decrease of glycosaminoglycan content is associated with a 1.1% decrease of cartilage elasticity.
26560133	7	81	used	used	856:859	arg2	cartilage					842:850	The tibial cartilage	831:850	The tibial cartilage	831:850	The tibial cartilage was used for mechanical and biochemical evaluation.
26560133	9	82	theme	group	1069:1073	arg1	A					1075:1075	group A	1069:1075	group A	1069:1075	The differences between group A and B and between each group and the control were statistically significant.
26560133	0	83	theme	impact	35:40	arg1	evaluation					17:26	The quantitative evaluation	0:26	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.	0:157	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	1	84	theme	cartilage	304:312	arg1	properties					290:299	biochemical and mechanical properties	263:299	biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	263:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	0	85	from	properties	116:125	arg1	evaluation					17:26	The quantitative evaluation	0:26	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.	0:157	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	86	theme	biochemical	1287:1297	arg1	composition					1299:1309	the biochemical composition	1283:1309	the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	1283:1343	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	0	87	theme	viable	45:50	arg1	type					74:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	viable medial meniscus graft type	45:77	The quantitative evaluation of the impact of viable medial meniscus graft type on the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the rabbit tibial cartilage.
26560133	2	88	theme	medial	461:466	arg1	autograft					477:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	viable medial meniscal autograft	454:485	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	2	88	theme	medial	461:466	arg1	months					441:446	6 months	439:446	6 months	439:446	The purpose of this study was to evaluate this relationship 6 months after viable medial meniscal autograft and allograft transplantation.
26560133	3	89	theme	METHODS	518:524	arg1	rabbits					533:539	METHODS Twenty rabbits	518:539	METHODS Twenty rabbits	518:539	METHODS Twenty rabbits were chosen for the study.
26560133	10	90	theme	extracellular	1318:1330	arg1	ECM					1340:1342	ECM	1340:1342	ECM	1340:1342	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	10	90	theme	extracellular	1318:1330	arg1	matrix					1332:1337	the extracellular matrix	1314:1337	the extracellular matrix (ECM)	1314:1343	The total collagen content was significantly lower in group B. CONCLUSIONS The type of viable meniscal graft has an influence on the biochemical composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and biomechanical properties of the underlying tibial cartilage.
26560133	7	91	theme	biochemical	880:890	arg1	evaluation					892:901	mechanical and biochemical evaluation	865:901	mechanical and biochemical evaluation	865:901	The tibial cartilage was used for mechanical and biochemical evaluation.
26560133	1	92	theme	allograft	220:228	arg1	impact					187:192	the impact	183:192	the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage	183:312	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
26560133	8	93	theme	glycosaminoglycans	940:957	arg1	decreases					927:935	The respective decreases	912:935	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity	904:979	RESULTS The respective decreases of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and elasticity were 13.4 and 14.8% for group A and 30.4 and 32.6% for group B.
26560133	4	94	theme	tissue	633:638	arg1	conditions					648:657	tissue culture conditions	633:657	tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks	633:669	The medial menisci were excised from 14 animals and stored under tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks.
26560133	7	95	theme	mechanical	865:874	arg1	evaluation					892:901	mechanical and biochemical evaluation	865:901	mechanical and biochemical evaluation	865:901	The tibial cartilage was used for mechanical and biochemical evaluation.
26560133	1	96	theme	autograft	234:242	arg1	transplantation					244:258	autograft transplantation	234:258	autograft transplantation	234:258	BACKGROUND Knowledge of the impact of viable medial meniscus allograft and autograft transplantation on biochemical and mechanical properties of cartilage is needed to understand the development of joint osteoarthritis.
27615441	6	0	dep	active	1430:1435	arg1	contractility					1452:1464	smooth muscle contractility	1438:1464	smooth muscle contractility	1438:1464	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	12	1	theme	similar	2518:2524	arg1	content					2541:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	5	2	dep	DESIGN	1041:1046	arg1	compared					1245:1252	compared	1245:1252	compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method	1245:1364	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	2	dep	DESIGN	1041:1046	arg1	implanted					1171:1179	implanted	1171:1179	implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy	1171:1239	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	8	3	theme	appropriate	1849:1859	arg1	tests					1870:1874	appropriate post-hoc tests	1849:1874	appropriate post-hoc tests	1849:1874	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	13	4	theme	overall	2739:2745	arg1	values					2758:2763	overall comparable values	2739:2763	overall comparable values	2739:2763	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	4	5	theme	sacrocolpopexy	878:891	arg1	model					893:897	a primate sacrocolpopexy model	868:897	a primate sacrocolpopexy model	868:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	14	6	theme	increased	2868:2876	arg1	consistent					2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	14	6	theme	increased	2868:2876	arg1	III/I					2901:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I	2864:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2864:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	9	7	theme	inflammatory	1894:1905	arg1	response					1907:1914	The host inflammatory response	1885:1914	The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1885:1953	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	8	8	theme	tests	1870:1874	arg1	analysis					1807:1814	1-way analysis	1801:1814	1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests	1801:1874	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	13	9	theme	Multilayered	2686:2697	arg1	graft					2720:2724	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft	2686:2724	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone	2686:2730	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	5	10	theme	middle-aged	1187:1197	arg1	macaques					1213:1220	17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques	1184:1220	17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques	1184:1220	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	4	11	theme	matrix	839:844	arg1	graft					859:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft	822:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model	822:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	5	12	theme	same	1354:1357	arg1	method					1359:1364	the same method	1350:1364	the same method	1350:1364	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	14	13	theme	active	3007:3012	arg1	response					3025:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	13	14	theme	matrix	2713:2718	arg1	graft					2720:2724	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft	2686:2724	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone	2686:2730	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	1	15	theme	mesh	189:192	arg1	use					146:148	The use	142:148	The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse	142:258	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	7	16	theme	glycosaminoglycans	1751:1768	arg1	measurement					1658:1668	measurement	1658:1668	measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1658:1768	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	16	theme	glycosaminoglycans	1751:1768	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	13	17	from	sham	2768:2771	arg1	aspects					2776:2782	aspects	2776:2782	aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina	2776:2861	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	9	18	theme	composite	1923:1931	arg1	vagina					1948:1953	the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1919:1953	the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1919:1953	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	2	19	theme	prototype	312:320	arg1	meshes					331:336	the prototype prolapse meshes	308:336	the prototype prolapse meshes	308:336	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	7	20	theme	apoptotic	1641:1649	arg1	cells					1651:1655	apoptotic cells	1641:1655	apoptotic cells	1641:1655	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	14	21	theme	extracellular	2916:2928	arg1	matrix					2930:2935	the extracellular matrix	2912:2935	the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2912:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	5	22	theme	polypropylene-extracellular	1050:1076	arg1	n =					1102:1104	n = 9	1102:1106	n = 9	1102:1106	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	22	theme	polypropylene-extracellular	1050:1076	arg1	graft					1095:1099	A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft	1048:1099	A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9)	1048:1107	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	6	23	theme	muscle	1445:1450	arg1	contractility					1452:1464	smooth muscle contractility	1438:1464	smooth muscle contractility	1438:1464	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	7	24	theme	actin	1631:1635	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	24	theme	actin	1631:1635	arg1	labeling					1603:1610	immunofluorescent labeling	1585:1610	immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells	1585:1655	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	12	25	theme	sulfated	2550:2557	arg1	content					2577:2583	sulfated glycosaminoglycan content	2550:2583	sulfated glycosaminoglycan content	2550:2583	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	16	26	theme	graft	3219:3223	arg1	Application					3179:3189	Application	3179:3189	Application of the extracellular matrix graft	3179:3223	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	10	27	theme	P	2149:2149	arg1	<					2151:2151	overall P < .001	2141:2156	overall P < .001	2141:2156	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	10	27	theme	P	2149:2149	arg1	composite					2130:2138	the composite	2126:2138	the composite (overall P < .001)	2126:2157	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	5	28	theme	composite	1085:1093	arg1	n =					1102:1104	n = 9	1102:1106	n = 9	1102:1106	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	28	theme	composite	1085:1093	arg1	graft					1095:1099	A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft	1048:1099	A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9)	1048:1107	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	14	29	theme	ongoing	2999:3005	arg1	response					3025:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	13	30	theme	vagina	2856:2861	arg1	endpoints					2839:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints	2787:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina	2787:2861	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	7	31	theme	α-smooth	1615:1622	arg1	actin					1631:1635	α-smooth muscle actin	1615:1635	α-smooth muscle actin	1615:1635	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	14	32	theme	ratio	2895:2899	arg1	consistent					2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	14	32	theme	ratio	2895:2899	arg1	III/I					2901:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I	2864:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2864:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	7	33	theme	mature	1722:1727	arg1	elastin					1729:1735	mature elastin	1722:1735	mature elastin	1722:1735	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	15	34	theme	matrix	3098:3103	arg1	graft					3105:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	16	35	theme	measurable	3238:3247	arg1	effects					3258:3264	no measurable negative effects	3235:3264	no measurable negative effects	3235:3264	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	14	36	theme	collagen	2878:2885	arg1	consistent					2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	14	36	theme	collagen	2878:2885	arg1	III/I					2901:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I	2864:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2864:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	8	37	theme	Statistical	1771:1781	arg1	analyses					1783:1790	Statistical analyses	1771:1790	Statistical analyses	1771:1790	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	12	38	theme	elastin	2533:2539	arg1	content					2541:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	9	39	from	response	1907:1914	arg1	vagina					1948:1953	the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1919:1953	the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1919:1953	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	11	40	theme	polypropylene	2459:2471	arg1	mesh					2473:2476	polypropylene mesh	2459:2476	polypropylene mesh alone	2459:2482	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	17	41	theme	Future	3376:3381	arg1	studies					3383:3389	Future studies	3376:3389	Future studies	3376:3389	Future studies will focus on understanding mechanisms.
27615441	16	42	contain	had	3231:3233	arg1	Application					3179:3189	Application	3179:3189	Application of the extracellular matrix graft	3179:3223	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	16	42	contain	had	3231:3233	arg2	effects					3258:3264	no measurable negative effects	3235:3264	no measurable negative effects	3235:3264	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	4	43	dep	define	756:761	arg1	1					753:753	1	753:753	1	753:753	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	7	44	theme	ratio	1708:1712	arg1	subtypes					1698:1705	collagen subtypes	1689:1705	collagen subtypes (ratio III/I)	1689:1719	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	44	theme	ratio	1708:1712	arg1	III/I					1714:1718	ratio III/I	1708:1718	ratio III/I	1708:1718	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	45	theme	trichrome	1565:1573	arg1	measurement					1658:1668	measurement	1658:1668	measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1658:1768	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	45	theme	trichrome	1565:1573	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	45	theme	trichrome	1565:1573	arg1	labeling					1603:1610	immunofluorescent labeling	1585:1610	immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells	1585:1655	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	2	46	theme	proteins	488:495	arg1	degradation					458:468	the degradation	454:468	the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin)	454:518	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	46	theme	proteins	488:495	arg1	decrease					399:406	a decrease	397:406	a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility	397:448	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	16	47	theme	extracellular	3303:3315	arg1	graft					3324:3328	this extracellular matrix graft	3298:3328	this extracellular matrix graft	3298:3328	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	9	48	theme	polypropylene	2016:2028	arg1	mesh					2030:2033	the polypropylene mesh	2012:2033	the polypropylene mesh alone	2012:2039	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	0	49	theme	prolapse	88:95	arg1	mesh					97:100	polypropylene prolapse mesh	74:100	polypropylene prolapse mesh	74:100	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	5	50	theme	6-layered	1115:1123	arg1	graft					1146:1150	a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft	1113:1150	a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8)	1113:1164	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	50	theme	6-layered	1115:1123	arg1	n =					1159:1161	n = 8	1159:1163	n = 8	1159:1163	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	14	51	dep	graft	2937:2941	arg1	P =					2950:2952	P =	2950:2952	P =	2950:2952	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	16	52	theme	extracellular	3198:3210	arg1	graft					3219:3223	the extracellular matrix graft	3194:3223	the extracellular matrix graft	3194:3223	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	1	53	theme	lightweight	163:173	arg1	mesh					189:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	7	54	theme	subtypes	1698:1705	arg1	measurement					1658:1668	measurement	1658:1668	measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1658:1768	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	54	theme	subtypes	1698:1705	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	16	55	theme	graft	3324:3328	arg1	benefits					3286:3293	the benefits	3282:3293	the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft	3282:3328	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	13	56	theme	histomorphologic	2806:2821	arg1	endpoints					2839:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints	2787:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina	2787:2861	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	11	57	theme	similar	2390:2396	arg1	value					2384:2388	a value	2382:2388	a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone	2382:2482	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	13	58	theme	biochemical	2827:2837	arg1	endpoints					2839:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints	2787:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina	2787:2861	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	4	59	from	graft	859:863	arg1	model					893:897	a primate sacrocolpopexy model	868:897	a primate sacrocolpopexy model	868:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	8	60	theme	variance	1819:1826	arg1	analysis					1807:1814	1-way analysis	1801:1814	1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests	1801:1874	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	15	61	theme	mesh	3159:3162	arg1	impact					3135:3140	the negative impact	3122:3140	the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina	3122:3176	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	12	62	contain	had	2514:2516	arg2	content					2577:2583	sulfated glycosaminoglycan content	2550:2583	sulfated glycosaminoglycan content	2550:2583	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	12	62	contain	had	2514:2516	arg2	content					2541:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	12	62	contain	had	2514:2516	arg2	ratio					2613:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	12	62	contain	had	2514:2516	arg1	composite					2504:2512	the composite	2500:2512	the composite	2500:2512	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	12	62	contain	had	2514:2516	arg2	content					2644:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	11	63	dep	showed	2187:2192	arg1	compared					2266:2273	compared	2266:2273	showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone	2187:2482	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	11	64	from	decreases	2435:2443	arg1	distinct					2417:2424	distinct	2417:2424	distinct	2417:2424	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	2	65	theme	key	473:475	arg1	elastin					511:517	elastin	511:517	elastin	511:517	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	65	theme	key	473:475	arg1	collagen					498:505	collagen	498:505	collagen	498:505	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	65	theme	key	473:475	arg1	proteins					488:495	key structural proteins	473:495	key structural proteins (collagen and elastin)	473:518	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	8	66	theme	Kruskal-Wallis	1829:1842	arg1	analysis					1807:1814	1-way analysis	1801:1814	1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests	1801:1874	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	7	67	theme	total	1673:1677	arg1	collagen					1679:1686	total collagen	1673:1686	total collagen	1673:1686	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	11	68	theme	mechanical	2168:2177	arg1	testing					2179:2185	Passive mechanical testing	2160:2185	Passive mechanical testing	2160:2185	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	5	69	theme	polypropylene	1309:1321	arg1	n =					1329:1331	n = 12	1329:1334	n = 12	1329:1334	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	69	theme	polypropylene	1309:1321	arg1	mesh					1323:1326	the polypropylene mesh	1305:1326	the polypropylene mesh (n = 12)	1305:1335	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	0	70	theme	Extracellular	0:12	arg1	graft					34:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft	0:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft	0:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	1	71	theme	mesh	281:284	arg1	complications					286:298	mesh complications	281:298	mesh complications	281:298	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	9	72	dep	RESULTS	1877:1883	arg1	reduced					1959:1965	reduced	1959:1965	was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone	1955:2039	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	12	73	theme	collagen	2590:2597	arg1	ratio					2613:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	0	74	theme	regenerative	21:32	arg1	graft					34:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft	0:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft	0:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	7	75	theme	cells	1651:1655	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	75	theme	cells	1651:1655	arg1	labeling					1603:1610	immunofluorescent labeling	1585:1610	immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells	1585:1655	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	12	76	theme	total	2629:2633	arg1	content					2644:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	4	77	theme	matrix	990:995	arg1	graft					997:1001	the extracellular matrix graft	972:1001	the extracellular matrix graft	972:1001	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	4	78	theme	mesh	812:815	arg1	augmentation					771:782	augmentation	771:782	augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model	771:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	5	79	theme	matrix	1139:1144	arg1	graft					1146:1150	a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft	1113:1150	a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8)	1113:1164	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	79	theme	matrix	1139:1144	arg1	n =					1159:1161	n = 8	1159:1163	n = 8	1159:1163	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	3	80	theme	tissue	639:644	arg1	regeneration					646:657	tissue regeneration	639:657	tissue regeneration	639:657	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	2	81	dep	muscle	418:423	arg1	volume					425:430	volume	425:430	volume	425:430	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	0	82	theme	negative	55:62	arg1	impact					64:69	the negative impact	51:69	the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque	51:128	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	10	83	from	increase	2046:2053	arg1	cells					2068:2072	apoptotic cells	2058:2072	apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh	2058:2109	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	15	84	theme	regenerative	3071:3082	arg1	graft					3105:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	10	85	theme	polypropylene	2092:2104	arg1	mesh					2106:2109	the polypropylene mesh	2088:2109	the polypropylene mesh	2088:2109	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	14	86	with	III/I	2901:2905	arg1	graft					2937:2941	the extracellular matrix graft	2912:2941	the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2912:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	6	87	theme	active	1430:1435	arg1	tests					1478:1482	passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests	1400:1482	passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests	1400:1482	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	5	88	theme	parous	1199:1204	arg1	macaques					1213:1220	17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques	1184:1220	17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques	1184:1220	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	1	89	theme	wide	153:156	arg1	mesh					189:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	11	90	theme	smooth	2326:2331	arg1	layer					2340:2344	smooth muscle layer	2326:2344	smooth muscle layer	2326:2344	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	4	91	theme	polypropylene	789:801	arg1	mesh					812:815	a polypropylene prolapse mesh	787:815	a polypropylene prolapse mesh	787:815	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	4	92	from	impact	962:967	arg1	vagina					1006:1011	vagina	1006:1011	vagina	1006:1011	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	15	93	theme	Mesh	3046:3049	arg1	augmentation					3051:3062	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation	3035:3062	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3035:3109	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	12	94	theme	mature	2526:2531	arg1	content					2541:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	similar mature elastin content	2518:2547	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	8	95	theme	post-hoc	1861:1868	arg1	tests					1870:1874	appropriate post-hoc tests	1849:1874	appropriate post-hoc tests	1849:1874	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	6	96	theme	ball-burst	1409:1418	arg1	test					1420:1423	ball-burst test	1409:1423	ball-burst test	1409:1423	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	9	97	theme	host	1889:1892	arg1	response					1907:1914	The host inflammatory response	1885:1914	The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1885:1953	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	3	98	theme	tissue	691:696	arg1	applications					710:721	tissue engineering applications	691:721	tissue engineering applications	691:721	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	6	99	theme	passive	1400:1406	arg1	tests					1478:1482	passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests	1400:1482	passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests	1400:1482	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	4	100	theme	primate	870:876	arg1	model					893:897	a primate sacrocolpopexy model	868:897	a primate sacrocolpopexy model	868:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	10	101	theme	overall	2141:2147	arg1	<					2151:2151	overall P < .001	2141:2156	overall P < .001	2141:2156	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	10	101	theme	overall	2141:2147	arg1	composite					2130:2138	the composite	2126:2138	the composite (overall P < .001)	2126:2157	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	15	102	with	augmentation	3051:3062	arg1	graft					3105:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	13	103	theme	extracellular	2699:2711	arg1	graft					2720:2724	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft	2686:2724	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone	2686:2730	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	1	104	theme	polypropylene	175:187	arg1	mesh					189:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	11	105	theme	inferior	2194:2201	arg1	parameters					2203:2212	inferior parameters	2194:2212	inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite	2194:2264	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	4	106	theme	extracellular	825:837	arg1	graft					859:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft	822:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model	822:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	7	107	theme	sulfated	1742:1749	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					1751:1768	sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1742:1768	sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1742:1768	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	11	108	theme	polypropylene	2223:2235	arg1	mesh					2237:2240	polypropylene mesh	2223:2240	polypropylene mesh alone	2223:2246	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	2	109	theme	prolapse	322:329	arg1	meshes					331:336	the prototype prolapse meshes	308:336	the prototype prolapse meshes	308:336	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	6	110	theme	mechanical	1467:1476	arg1	tests					1478:1482	passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests	1400:1482	passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests	1400:1482	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	4	111	theme	regenerative	846:857	arg1	graft					859:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft	822:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model	822:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	9	112	theme	mesh-implanted	1933:1946	arg1	vagina					1948:1953	the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1919:1953	the composite mesh-implanted vagina	1919:1953	RESULTS The host inflammatory response in the composite mesh-implanted vagina was reduced compared to that following implantation with the polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	4	113	dep	determine	948:956	arg1	2					945:945	2	945:945	2	945:945	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	1	114	theme	anatomical	205:214	arg1	outcomes					216:223	anatomical outcomes	205:223	anatomical outcomes	205:223	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	7	115	theme	muscle	1624:1629	arg1	actin					1631:1635	α-smooth muscle actin	1615:1635	α-smooth muscle actin	1615:1635	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	4	116	theme	degenerative	918:929	arg1	changes					931:937	the degenerative changes	914:937	the degenerative changes	914:937	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	5	117	theme	matrix	1078:1083	arg1	n =					1102:1104	n = 9	1102:1106	n = 9	1102:1106	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	117	theme	matrix	1078:1083	arg1	graft					1095:1099	A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft	1048:1099	A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9)	1048:1107	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	3	118	theme	extracellular	592:604	arg1	matrix					606:611	extracellular matrix	592:611	extracellular matrix	592:611	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	6	119	theme	smooth	1438:1443	arg1	contractility					1452:1464	smooth muscle contractility	1438:1464	smooth muscle contractility	1438:1464	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	11	120	theme	layer	2340:2344	arg1	thickness					2313:2321	thickness	2313:2321	thickness	2313:2321	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	11	120	theme	layer	2340:2344	arg1	contractility					2295:2307	contractility	2295:2307	contractility	2295:2307	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	11	121	from	thickness	2313:2321	arg1	composite					2353:2361	the composite	2349:2361	the composite	2349:2361	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	16	122	theme	negative	3249:3256	arg1	effects					3258:3264	no measurable negative effects	3235:3264	no measurable negative effects	3235:3264	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	7	123	theme	immunofluorescent	1585:1601	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	123	theme	immunofluorescent	1585:1601	arg1	labeling					1603:1610	immunofluorescent labeling	1585:1610	immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells	1585:1655	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	14	124	theme	matrix	2930:2935	arg1	graft					2937:2941	the extracellular matrix graft	2912:2941	the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2912:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	5	125	theme	historical	1257:1266	arg1	data					1268:1271	historical data	1257:1271	historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method	1257:1364	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	14	126	theme	subtype	2887:2893	arg1	consistent					2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	consistent	2980:2989	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	14	126	theme	subtype	2887:2893	arg1	III/I					2901:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I	2864:2905	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham)	2864:2975	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	5	127	theme	STUDY	1035:1039	arg1	DESIGN					1041:1046	STUDY DESIGN	1035:1046	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.	1035:1365	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	12	128	theme	III/I	2607:2611	arg1	ratio					2613:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	7	129	theme	elastin	1729:1735	arg1	measurement					1658:1668	measurement	1658:1668	measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1658:1768	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	129	theme	elastin	1729:1735	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	12	130	theme	collagen	2635:2642	arg1	content					2644:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	0	131	theme	polypropylene	74:86	arg1	mesh					97:100	polypropylene prolapse mesh	74:100	polypropylene prolapse mesh	74:100	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	13	132	theme	endpoints	2839:2847	arg1	aspects					2776:2782	aspects	2776:2782	aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina	2776:2861	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	15	133	theme	polypropylene	3145:3157	arg1	mesh					3159:3162	polypropylene mesh	3145:3162	polypropylene mesh	3145:3162	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	16	134	theme	matrix	3317:3322	arg1	graft					3324:3328	this extracellular matrix graft	3298:3328	this extracellular matrix graft	3298:3328	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	1	135	theme	surgical	232:239	arg1	repair					241:246	the surgical repair	228:246	the surgical repair of prolapse	228:258	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	0	136	theme	mesh	97:100	arg1	impact					64:69	the negative impact	51:69	the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque	51:128	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	1	137	theme	pore	158:161	arg1	mesh					189:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh	153:192	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	0	138	from	impact	64:69	arg1	macaque					122:128	macaque	122:128	macaque	122:128	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	2	139	theme	structural	477:486	arg1	elastin					511:517	elastin	511:517	elastin	511:517	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	139	theme	structural	477:486	arg1	collagen					498:505	collagen	498:505	collagen	498:505	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	139	theme	structural	477:486	arg1	proteins					488:495	key structural proteins	473:495	key structural proteins (collagen and elastin)	473:518	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	3	140	used	used	623:626	arg2	bioscaffolds					566:577	bioscaffolds	566:577	bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix	566:611	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	10	141	theme	apoptotic	2058:2066	arg1	cells					2068:2072	apoptotic cells	2058:2072	apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh	2058:2109	The increase in apoptotic cells observed with the polypropylene mesh was blunted in the composite (overall P < .001).
27615441	5	142	theme	extracellular	1125:1137	arg1	graft					1146:1150	a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft	1113:1150	a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8)	1113:1164	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	5	142	theme	extracellular	1125:1137	arg1	n =					1159:1161	n = 8	1159:1163	n = 8	1159:1163	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	8	143	theme	1-way	1801:1805	arg1	analysis					1807:1814	1-way analysis	1801:1814	1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests	1801:1874	Statistical analyses included 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post-hoc tests.
27615441	3	144	attach	derived	579:585	arg2	bioscaffolds					566:577	bioscaffolds	566:577	bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix	566:611	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	3	144	attach	derived	579:585	arg1	matrix					606:611	extracellular matrix	592:611	extracellular matrix	592:611	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	7	145	theme	histomorphologic/biochemical	1493:1520	arg1	assessments					1522:1532	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments	1485:1532	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments	1485:1532	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	2	146	from	degradation	458:468	arg1	contractility					436:448	contractility	436:448	contractility	436:448	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	146	from	degradation	458:468	arg1	muscle					418:423	smooth muscle volume and contractility	411:448	muscle	418:423	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	12	147	theme	lower	2623:2627	arg1	content					2644:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	lower total collagen content	2623:2650	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	4	148	with	augmentation	771:782	arg1	graft					859:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft	822:863	an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model	822:897	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	2	149	theme	vaginal	534:540	arg1	degeneration					542:553	vaginal degeneration	534:553	vaginal degeneration	534:553	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	16	150	theme	matrix	3212:3217	arg1	graft					3219:3223	the extracellular matrix graft	3194:3223	the extracellular matrix graft	3194:3223	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	7	151	theme	collagen	1689:1696	arg1	subtypes					1698:1705	collagen subtypes	1689:1705	collagen subtypes (ratio III/I)	1689:1719	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	151	theme	collagen	1689:1696	arg1	III/I					1714:1718	ratio III/I	1708:1718	ratio III/I	1708:1718	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	1	152	dep	BACKGROUND	131:140	arg1	hampered					269:276	hampered	269:276	has been hampered by mesh complications	260:298	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27615441	0	153	theme	matrix	14:19	arg1	graft					34:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft	0:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft	0:38	Extracellular matrix regenerative graft attenuates the negative impact of polypropylene prolapse mesh on vagina in rhesus macaque.
27615441	15	154	theme	negative	3126:3133	arg1	impact					3135:3140	the negative impact	3122:3140	the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina	3122:3176	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	15	155	from	impact	3135:3140	arg1	vagina					3171:3176	the vagina	3167:3176	the vagina	3167:3176	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	7	156	theme	collagen	1679:1686	arg1	measurement					1658:1668	measurement	1658:1668	measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans	1658:1768	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	7	156	theme	collagen	1679:1686	arg1	staining					1575:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	trichrome staining	1565:1582	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	12	157	theme	subtype	2599:2605	arg1	ratio					2613:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	collagen subtype III/I ratio	2590:2617	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	16	158	theme	permanent	3356:3364	arg1	material					3366:3373	a permanent material	3354:3373	a permanent material	3354:3373	Application of the extracellular matrix graft alone had no measurable negative effects suggesting that the benefits of this extracellular matrix graft occur when used without a permanent material.
27615441	13	159	theme	comparable	2747:2756	arg1	values					2758:2763	overall comparable values	2739:2763	overall comparable values	2739:2763	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	13	160	theme	biomechanical	2791:2803	arg1	endpoints					2839:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints	2787:2847	the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina	2787:2861	Multilayered extracellular matrix graft alone showed overall comparable values to sham in aspects of the biomechanical, histomorphologic, or biochemical endpoints of the vagina.
27615441	11	161	from	contractility	2295:2307	arg1	composite					2353:2361	the composite	2349:2361	the composite	2349:2361	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	11	162	theme	Passive	2160:2166	arg1	testing					2179:2185	Passive mechanical testing	2160:2185	Passive mechanical testing	2160:2185	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	12	163	dep	compared	2657:2664	arg1	P =					2675:2677	P =	2675:2677	P =	2675:2677	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	2	164	theme	smooth	411:416	arg1	muscle					418:423	smooth muscle volume and contractility	411:448	muscle	418:423	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	6	165	theme	Vaginal	1367:1373	arg1	function					1375:1382	Vaginal function	1367:1382	Vaginal function	1367:1382	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	7	166	theme	Vaginal	1485:1491	arg1	assessments					1522:1532	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments	1485:1532	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments	1485:1532	Vaginal histomorphologic/biochemical assessments included hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, immunofluorescent labeling of α-smooth muscle actin and apoptotic cells, measurement of total collagen, collagen subtypes (ratio III/I), mature elastin, and sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
27615441	12	167	theme	glycosaminoglycan	2559:2575	arg1	content					2577:2583	sulfated glycosaminoglycan content	2550:2583	sulfated glycosaminoglycan content	2550:2583	Biochemically, the composite had similar mature elastin content, sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, and collagen subtype III/I ratio but lower total collagen content when compared to sham (P = .011).
27615441	4	168	theme	extracellular	976:988	arg1	graft					997:1001	the extracellular matrix graft	972:1001	the extracellular matrix graft	972:1001	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	4	169	theme	prolapse	803:810	arg1	mesh					812:815	a polypropylene prolapse mesh	787:815	a polypropylene prolapse mesh	787:815	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	2	170	dep	proteins	488:495	arg1	elastin					511:517	elastin	511:517	elastin	511:517	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	170	dep	proteins	488:495	arg1	collagen					498:505	collagen	498:505	collagen	498:505	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	170	dep	proteins	488:495	arg1	proteins					488:495	key structural proteins	473:495	key structural proteins (collagen and elastin)	473:518	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	6	171	dep	passive	1400:1406	arg1	test					1420:1423	ball-burst test	1409:1423	ball-burst test	1409:1423	Vaginal function was measured in passive (ball-burst test) and active (smooth muscle contractility) mechanical tests.
27615441	14	172	with	consistent	2980:2989	arg1	response					3025:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	4	173	theme	graft	997:1001	arg1	impact					962:967	the impact	958:967	the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina	958:1011	OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to: (1) define whether augmentation of a polypropylene prolapse mesh with an extracellular matrix regenerative graft in a primate sacrocolpopexy model could mitigate the degenerative changes; and (2) determine the impact of the extracellular matrix graft on vagina when implanted alone.
27615441	11	174	dep	contractility	2295:2307	arg1	the					2291:2293	the	2291:2293	the	2291:2293	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	2	175	theme	meshes	331:336	arg1	meshes					331:336	the prototype prolapse meshes	308:336	the prototype prolapse meshes	308:336	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	175	theme	meshes	331:336	arg1	One					301:303	One	301:303	One	301:303	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	5	176	theme	rhesus	1206:1211	arg1	macaques					1213:1220	17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques	1184:1220	17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques	1184:1220	STUDY DESIGN A polypropylene-extracellular matrix composite graft (n = 9) and a 6-layered extracellular matrix graft alone (n = 8) were implanted in 17 middle-aged parous rhesus macaques via sacrocolpopexy and compared to historical data obtained from sham (n = 12) and the polypropylene mesh (n = 12) implanted by the same method.
27615441	2	177	from	decrease	399:406	arg1	contractility					436:448	contractility	436:448	contractility	436:448	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	2	177	from	decrease	399:406	arg1	muscle					418:423	smooth muscle volume and contractility	411:448	muscle	418:423	One of the prototype prolapse meshes has been found to negatively impact the vagina by inducing a decrease in smooth muscle volume and contractility and the degradation of key structural proteins (collagen and elastin), resulting in vaginal degeneration.
27615441	15	178	theme	CONCLUSION	3035:3044	arg1	augmentation					3051:3062	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation	3035:3062	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3035:3109	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	11	179	theme	muscle	2333:2338	arg1	layer					2340:2344	smooth muscle layer	2326:2344	smooth muscle layer	2326:2344	Passive mechanical testing showed inferior parameters for both polypropylene mesh alone and the composite compared to sham whereas the contractility and thickness of smooth muscle layer in the composite were improved with a value similar to sham, which was distinct from the decreases observed with polypropylene mesh alone.
27615441	15	180	theme	extracellular	3084:3096	arg1	graft					3105:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	a regenerative extracellular matrix graft	3069:3109	CONCLUSION Mesh augmentation with a regenerative extracellular matrix graft attenuated the negative impact of polypropylene mesh on the vagina.
27615441	3	181	theme	engineering	698:708	arg1	applications					710:721	tissue engineering applications	691:721	tissue engineering applications	691:721	Recently, bioscaffolds derived from extracellular matrix have been used to mediate tissue regeneration and have been widely adopted in tissue engineering applications.
27615441	14	182	theme	remodeling	3014:3023	arg1	response					3025:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	an ongoing active remodeling response	2996:3032	The increased collagen subtype ratio III/I with the extracellular matrix graft alone (P = .033 compared to sham) is consistent with an ongoing active remodeling response.
27615441	1	183	theme	prolapse	251:258	arg1	repair					241:246	the surgical repair	228:246	the surgical repair of prolapse	228:258	BACKGROUND The use of wide pore lightweight polypropylene mesh to improve anatomical outcomes in the surgical repair of prolapse has been hampered by mesh complications.
27484403	5	0	theme	clusters	919:926	arg1	morphology					894:903	morphology	894:903	morphology	894:903	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	5	0	theme	clusters	919:926	arg1	growth					883:888	growth	883:888	growth	883:888	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	5	1	theme	healthy	1053:1059	arg1	tissue					1061:1066	healthy tissue	1053:1066	healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa)	1053:1082	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	5	1	theme	healthy	1053:1059	arg1	E = 0.4-2 kpa					1069:1081	E = 0.4-2 kpa	1069:1081	E = 0.4-2 kpa	1069:1081	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	1	2	theme	cell	168:171	arg1	behavior					173:180	cell behavior	168:180	cell behavior	168:180	The mechanics of the cellular microenvironment can be as critical as biochemistry in directing cell behavior.
27484403	7	3	theme	cell	1367:1370	arg1	proliferation					1372:1384	cell proliferation	1367:1384	cell proliferation	1367:1384	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	2	4	from	effects	355:361	arg1	environments					383:394	3D environments	380:394	3D environments	380:394	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	5	5	theme	rigid	969:973	arg1	environments					975:986	the more rigid environments	960:986	the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa)	960:1036	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	3	6	theme	RGD	598:600	arg1	sites					610:614	RGD binding sites	598:614	RGD binding sites	598:614	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	3	7	theme	binding	602:608	arg1	sites					610:614	RGD binding sites	598:614	RGD binding sites	598:614	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	3	8	dep	5.29 kPa	570:577	arg1	to					567:568	to	567:568	to	567:568	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	6	9	theme	MCA	1182:1184	arg1	sizes					1186:1190	maximum MCA sizes	1174:1190	maximum MCA sizes	1174:1190	Adding binding factors from collagen and RGD peptides increases growth rates, and change maximum MCA sizes.
27484403	7	10	theme	tunable	1255:1261	arg1	gels					1287:1290	these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels	1235:1290	these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels	1235:1290	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	4	11	theme	hydrogels	788:796	arg1	moduli					778:783	different elastic moduli	760:783	different elastic moduli of hydrogels	760:796	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	7	12	theme	stiffer	1328:1334	arg1	microenvironments					1336:1352	stiffer microenvironments	1328:1352	stiffer microenvironments	1328:1352	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	4	13	theme	metastatic	736:745	arg1	potential					747:755	metastatic potential	736:755	metastatic potential	736:755	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	4	14	theme	elastic	770:776	arg1	moduli					778:783	different elastic moduli	760:783	different elastic moduli of hydrogels	760:796	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	5	15	theme	similar	988:994	arg1	environments					975:986	the more rigid environments	960:986	the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa)	960:1036	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	2	16	attach	derived	216:222	arg2	materials					206:214	Many commonly utilized materials	183:214	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix	183:249	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	2	16	attach	derived	216:222	arg1	extra-cellular-matrix					229:249	extra-cellular-matrix	229:249	extra-cellular-matrix	229:249	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	6	17	theme	binding	1092:1098	arg1	factors					1100:1106	binding factors	1092:1106	binding factors	1092:1106	Adding binding factors from collagen and RGD peptides increases growth rates, and change maximum MCA sizes.
27484403	2	18	theme	used	429:432	arg1	matrices					445:452	frequently used biopolymer matrices	418:452	frequently used biopolymer matrices	418:452	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	0	19	theme	alginate	10:17	arg1	gels					19:22	Composite alginate gels	0:22	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.	0:71	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.
27484403	2	20	theme	biochemical	343:353	arg1	effects					355:361	the relative mechanical and biochemical effects	315:361	the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments	315:394	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	0	21	theme	Composite	0:8	arg1	gels					19:22	Composite alginate gels	0:22	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.	0:71	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.
27484403	2	22	from	difficult	405:413	arg1	matrices					445:452	frequently used biopolymer matrices	418:452	frequently used biopolymer matrices	418:452	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	1	23	theme	cellular	94:101	arg1	microenvironment					103:118	the cellular microenvironment	90:118	the cellular microenvironment	90:118	The mechanics of the cellular microenvironment can be as critical as biochemistry in directing cell behavior.
27484403	3	24	theme	3D	471:472	arg1	microenvironments					499:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments	471:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	471:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	2	25	theme	mechanical	328:337	arg1	effects					355:361	the relative mechanical and biochemical effects	315:361	the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments	315:394	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	5	26	theme	hydrogel	850:857	arg1	stiffness					859:867	the hydrogel stiffness	846:867	the hydrogel stiffness	846:867	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	4	27	theme	different	760:768	arg1	moduli					778:783	different elastic moduli	760:783	different elastic moduli of hydrogels	760:796	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	6	28	theme	maximum	1174:1180	arg1	sizes					1186:1190	maximum MCA sizes	1174:1190	maximum MCA sizes	1174:1190	Adding binding factors from collagen and RGD peptides increases growth rates, and change maximum MCA sizes.
27484403	2	29	theme	relative	319:326	arg1	effects					355:361	the relative mechanical and biochemical effects	315:361	the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments	315:394	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	0	30	theme	cellular	36:43	arg1	mechanics					62:70	tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics	28:70	tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics	28:70	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.
27484403	7	31	theme	mechanical	1302:1311	arg1	confinement					1313:1323	that mechanical confinement	1297:1323	that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments	1297:1352	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	2	32	theme	Many	183:186	arg1	materials					206:214	Many commonly utilized materials	183:214	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix	183:249	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	4	33	theme	aggregates	703:712	arg1	growth					678:683	the growth	674:683	the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs)	674:719	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	3	34	theme	hydrogel	490:497	arg1	microenvironments					499:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments	471:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	471:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	2	35	theme	biopolymer	434:443	arg1	matrices					445:452	frequently used biopolymer matrices	418:452	frequently used biopolymer matrices	418:452	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	0	36	theme	tunable	28:34	arg1	mechanics					62:70	tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics	28:70	tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics	28:70	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.
27484403	2	37	theme	excellent	258:266	arg1	scaffolds					268:276	excellent scaffolds	258:276	excellent scaffolds for cell growth	258:292	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	7	38	from	confinement	1313:1323	arg1	microenvironments					1336:1352	stiffer microenvironments	1328:1352	stiffer microenvironments	1328:1352	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	3	39	theme	sodium	474:479	arg1	microenvironments					499:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments	471:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	471:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	5	40	dep	growth	883:888	arg1	the					879:881	the	879:881	the	879:881	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	2	41	theme	3D	380:381	arg1	environments					383:394	3D environments	380:394	3D environments	380:394	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	0	42	theme	microenvironment	45:60	arg1	mechanics					62:70	tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics	28:70	tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics	28:70	Composite alginate gels for tunable cellular microenvironment mechanics.
27484403	3	43	theme	collagen	619:626	arg1	fibers					628:633	collagen fibers	619:633	collagen fibers	619:633	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	3	44	theme	E = 1.85	558:565	arg1	stiffness					547:555	stiffness	547:555	stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	547:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	3	44	theme	E = 1.85	558:565	arg1	5.29 kPa					570:577	E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa	558:577	E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa	558:577	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	3	45	theme	stiffness	547:555	arg1	range					538:542	a physiological range	522:542	a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	522:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	7	46	theme	gels	1287:1290	arg1	utility					1224:1230	the utility	1220:1230	the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels	1220:1290	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	5	47	theme	cancerous	999:1007	arg1	tissue					1016:1021	cancerous breast tissue	999:1021	cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa)	999:1036	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	5	47	theme	cancerous	999:1007	arg1	E = 4-12 kPa					1024:1035	E = 4-12 kPa	1024:1035	E = 4-12 kPa	1024:1035	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	4	48	theme	binding	816:822	arg1	factors					824:830	binding factors	816:830	binding factors	816:830	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	3	49	theme	physiological	524:536	arg1	range					538:542	a physiological range	522:542	a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	522:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	1	50	theme	microenvironment	103:118	arg1	mechanics					77:85	The mechanics	73:85	The mechanics of the cellular microenvironment	73:118	The mechanics of the cellular microenvironment can be as critical as biochemistry in directing cell behavior.
27484403	1	50	theme	microenvironment	103:118	arg1	critical					130:137	critical	130:137	critical	130:137	The mechanics of the cellular microenvironment can be as critical as biochemistry in directing cell behavior.
27484403	5	51	theme	breast	1009:1014	arg1	tissue					1016:1021	cancerous breast tissue	999:1021	cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa)	999:1036	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	5	51	theme	breast	1009:1014	arg1	E = 4-12 kPa					1024:1035	E = 4-12 kPa	1024:1035	E = 4-12 kPa	1024:1035	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	4	52	theme	multi-cellular	688:701	arg1	MCAs					715:718	MCAs	715:718	MCAs	715:718	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	4	52	theme	multi-cellular	688:701	arg1	aggregates					703:712	multi-cellular aggregates	688:712	multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs)	688:719	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27484403	6	53	theme	RGD	1126:1128	arg1	peptides					1130:1137	RGD peptides	1126:1137	RGD peptides	1126:1137	Adding binding factors from collagen and RGD peptides increases growth rates, and change maximum MCA sizes.
27484403	2	54	theme	utilized	197:204	arg1	materials					206:214	Many commonly utilized materials	183:214	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix	183:249	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	2	55	theme	cell	282:285	arg1	growth					287:292	cell growth	282:292	cell growth	282:292	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	2	56	from	matrices	445:452	arg1	difficult					405:413	difficult	405:413	difficult	405:413	Many commonly utilized materials derived from extra-cellular-matrix create excellent scaffolds for cell growth, however, evaluating the relative mechanical and biochemical effects independently in 3D environments has been difficult in frequently used biopolymer matrices.
27484403	7	57	theme	mechanical/biochemistry	1263:1285	arg1	gels					1287:1290	these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels	1235:1290	these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels	1235:1290	These findings demonstrate the utility of these independently tunable mechanical/biochemistry gels, and that mechanical confinement in stiffer microenvironments may increase cell proliferation.
27484403	3	58	theme	alginate	481:488	arg1	microenvironments					499:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments	471:515	3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa)	471:578	Here we present 3D sodium alginate hydrogel microenvironments over a physiological range of stiffness (E = 1.85 to 5.29 kPa), with and without RGD binding sites or collagen fibers.
27484403	6	59	theme	growth	1149:1154	arg1	rates					1156:1160	growth rates	1149:1160	growth rates	1149:1160	Adding binding factors from collagen and RGD peptides increases growth rates, and change maximum MCA sizes.
27484403	5	60	theme	cell	914:917	arg1	clusters					919:926	these cell clusters	908:926	these cell clusters	908:926	We find that the hydrogel stiffness regulates the growth and morphology of these cell clusters; MCAs grow larger and faster in the more rigid environments similar to cancerous breast tissue (E = 4-12 kPa) as compared to healthy tissue (E = 0.4-2 kpa).
27484403	4	61	theme	confocal	643:650	arg1	microscopy					652:661	confocal microscopy	643:661	confocal microscopy	643:661	We use confocal microscopy to measure the growth of multi-cellular aggregates (MCAs), of increasing metastatic potential in different elastic moduli of hydrogels, with and without binding factors.
27008813	1	0	theme	captopril	410:418	arg1	delivery					398:405	controlled release drug delivery	374:405	controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug	374:454	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	8	1	theme	network	1124:1130	arg1	formation					1095:1103	The formation	1091:1103	The formation of new copolymeric network	1091:1130	The formation of new copolymeric network was determined by FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC analysis.
27008813	1	2	theme	super-absorbent	201:215	arg1	hydrogel					217:224	A super-absorbent hydrogel	199:224	A super-absorbent hydrogel	199:224	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	8	3	theme	copolymeric	1112:1122	arg1	network					1124:1130	new copolymeric network	1108:1130	new copolymeric network	1108:1130	The formation of new copolymeric network was determined by FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC analysis.
27008813	1	4	theme	acid	323:326	arg1	crosslinking					243:254	crosslinking	243:254	crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)	243:368	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	0	5	theme	ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC	93:136	arg1	ACID					138:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	5	theme	ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC	93:136	arg1	NETWORK					154:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK	43:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	43:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	6	6	theme	pH	949:950	arg1	responsiveness					952:965	the pH responsiveness	945:965	the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel	945:988	Equilibrium swelling ratio was determined at pH 2, 4.5 and 7.4 to evaluate the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel.
27008813	6	7	theme	swelling	882:889	arg1	ratio					891:895	Equilibrium swelling ratio	870:895	Equilibrium swelling ratio	870:895	Equilibrium swelling ratio was determined at pH 2, 4.5 and 7.4 to evaluate the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel.
27008813	10	8	theme	copolymer	1428:1436	arg1	capacity					1416:1423	more swelling capacity	1402:1423	more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium	1402:1477	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	12	9	theme	pH	1632:1633	arg1	behav-ior					1645:1653	pH sensitive behav-ior	1632:1653	pH sensitive behav-ior	1632:1653	The prepared hydrogels exhibited pH sensitive behav-ior.
27008813	0	10	theme	POLYMERIC	144:152	arg1	ACID					138:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	10	theme	POLYMERIC	144:152	arg1	NETWORK					154:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK	43:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	43:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	11	11	theme	acrylic	1576:1582	arg1	acid					1584:1587	acrylic acid	1576:1587	acrylic acid	1576:1587	The present research work confirms the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS.
27008813	10	12	theme	captopril	1344:1352	arg1	rate					1336:1339	higher release rate	1321:1339	higher release rate of captopril	1321:1352	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	6	13	theme	Equilibrium	870:880	arg1	ratio					891:895	Equilibrium swelling ratio	870:895	Equilibrium swelling ratio	870:895	Equilibrium swelling ratio was determined at pH 2, 4.5 and 7.4 to evaluate the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel.
27008813	10	14	theme	higher	1321:1326	arg1	rate					1336:1339	higher release rate	1321:1339	higher release rate of captopril	1321:1352	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	1	15	theme	hydroxypropyl	333:345	arg1	HPMC					364:367	HPMC	364:367	HPMC	364:367	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	1	15	theme	hydroxypropyl	333:345	arg1	methylcellulose					347:361	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	333:361	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)	333:368	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	9	16	theme	crosslinker	1271:1281	arg1	amounts					1260:1266	lower amounts	1254:1266	lower amounts of crosslinker	1254:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	9	16	theme	crosslinker	1271:1281	arg1	crosslinker					1271:1281	crosslinker	1271:1281	crosslinker	1271:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	13	17	theme	superabsorbent	1661:1674	arg1	composite					1676:1684	This superabsorbent composite	1656:1684	This superabsorbent composite prepared	1656:1693	This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.
27008813	13	17	theme	superabsorbent	1661:1674	arg1	carrier					1722:1728	a successful drug carrier	1704:1728	a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension	1704:1754	This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.
27008813	7	18	dep	analysis	1067:1074	arg1	TGA					1085:1087	TGA	1085:1087	TGA	1085:1087	The super-absorbent hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and thermal analysis (DSC and TGA).
27008813	7	18	dep	analysis	1067:1074	arg1	DSC					1077:1079	DSC	1077:1079	DSC	1077:1079	The super-absorbent hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and thermal analysis (DSC and TGA).
27008813	1	19	theme	known	428:432	arg1	captopril					410:418	captopril	410:418	captopril	410:418	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	1	19	theme	known	428:432	arg1	drug					451:454	a well known antihypertensive drug	421:454	a well known antihypertensive drug	421:454	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	7	20	theme	super-absorbent	995:1009	arg1	hydrogels					1011:1019	The super-absorbent hydrogels	991:1019	The super-absorbent hydrogels	991:1019	The super-absorbent hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and thermal analysis (DSC and TGA).
27008813	4	21	theme	hydrogel	723:730	arg1	formulation					732:742	The hydrogel formulation	719:742	The hydrogel formulation	719:742	The hydrogel formulation was loaded with captopril (as model drug).
27008813	0	22	theme	NETWORK	154:160	arg1	SYNTHESIS					0:8	SYNTHESIS	0:8	SYNTHESIS	0:8	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	22	theme	NETWORK	154:160	arg1	CHARACTERIZATION					23:38	IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION	14:38	IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	14:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	1	23	theme	antihypertensive	434:449	arg1	captopril					410:418	captopril	410:418	captopril	410:418	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	1	23	theme	antihypertensive	434:449	arg1	drug					451:454	a well known antihypertensive drug	421:454	a well known antihypertensive drug	421:454	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	10	24	located	observed	1358:1365	arg1	pH					1385:1386	pH 2	1385:1388	pH 2	1385:1388	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	10	24	located	observed	1358:1365	arg2	rate					1336:1339	higher release rate	1321:1339	higher release rate of captopril	1321:1352	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	10	24	located	observed	1358:1365	arg1	pH					1370:1371	pH 7.4	1370:1375	pH 7.4	1370:1375	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	9	25	theme	hydrogel	1187:1194	arg1	formulations					1196:1207	The hydrogel formulations	1183:1207	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker	1183:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	4	26	dep	loaded	748:753	arg1	drug					780:783	model drug	774:783	model drug	774:783	The hydrogel formulation was loaded with captopril (as model drug).
27008813	12	27	theme	prepared	1603:1610	arg1	hydrogels					1612:1620	The prepared hydrogels	1599:1620	The prepared hydrogels	1599:1620	The prepared hydrogels exhibited pH sensitive behav-ior.
27008813	6	28	theme	formed	974:979	arg1	hydrogel					981:988	the formed hydrogel	970:988	the formed hydrogel	970:988	Equilibrium swelling ratio was determined at pH 2, 4.5 and 7.4 to evaluate the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel.
27008813	9	29	theme	maximum	1293:1299	arg1	swelling					1301:1308	maximum swelling	1293:1308	maximum swelling	1293:1308	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	2	30	theme	chemical	568:575	arg1	method					590:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	2	30	theme	chemical	568:575	arg1	polymerization					538:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	3	31	theme	potassium	636:644	arg1	initiator					694:702	initiator	694:702	initiator	694:702	N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively.
27008813	3	31	theme	potassium	636:644	arg1	N					598:598	N	598:598	N	598:598	N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively.
27008813	3	31	theme	potassium	636:644	arg1	persulfate					646:655	potassium persulfate	636:655	potassium persulfate (KPS)	636:661	N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively.
27008813	3	31	theme	potassium	636:644	arg1	cross-linker					677:688	cross-linker	677:688	cross-linker	677:688	N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively.
27008813	3	31	theme	potassium	636:644	arg1	N'-methylenebisacrylamide					600:624	N'-methylenebisacrylamide	600:624	N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA)	600:630	N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively.
27008813	3	31	theme	potassium	636:644	arg1	KPS					658:660	KPS	658:660	KPS	658:660	N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were added as cross-linker and initiator, respectively.
27008813	8	32	theme	new	1108:1110	arg1	network					1124:1130	new copolymeric network	1108:1130	new copolymeric network	1108:1130	The formation of new copolymeric network was determined by FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC analysis.
27008813	2	33	theme	Acrylic	457:463	arg1	acid					465:468	Acrylic acid	457:468	Acrylic acid	457:468	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	8	34	theme	DSC	1169:1171	arg1	analysis					1173:1180	DSC analysis	1169:1180	DSC analysis	1169:1180	The formation of new copolymeric network was determined by FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC analysis.
27008813	11	35	theme	research	1492:1499	arg1	work					1501:1504	The present research work	1480:1504	The present research work	1480:1504	The present research work confirms the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS.
27008813	13	36	theme	drug	1717:1720	arg1	composite					1676:1684	This superabsorbent composite	1656:1684	This superabsorbent composite prepared	1656:1693	This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.
27008813	13	36	theme	drug	1717:1720	arg1	carrier					1722:1728	a successful drug carrier	1704:1728	a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension	1704:1754	This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.
27008813	9	37	theme	acrylic	1214:1220	arg1	acid					1222:1225	acrylic acid	1214:1225	acrylic acid	1214:1225	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	0	38	theme	IN	14:15	arg1	CHARACTERIZATION					23:38	IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION	14:38	IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	14:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	10	39	theme	aqueous	1464:1470	arg1	medium					1472:1477	the aqueous medium	1460:1477	the aqueous medium	1460:1477	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	0	40	theme	CONTROLLED	166:175	arg1	RELEASE					177:183	CONTROLLED RELEASE	166:183	CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	166:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	1	41	theme	2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic	259:297	arg1	AMPS					305:308	AMPS	305:308	AMPS	305:308	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	1	41	theme	2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic	259:297	arg1	acid					299:302	2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid	259:302	2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS)	259:309	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	9	42	with	formulations	1196:1207	arg1	acid					1222:1225	acrylic acid	1214:1225	acrylic acid	1214:1225	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	9	42	with	formulations	1196:1207	arg1	ratio					1236:1240	AMPS ratio	1231:1240	AMPS ratio	1231:1240	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	0	43	theme	CAPTOPRIL	188:196	arg1	RELEASE					177:183	CONTROLLED RELEASE	166:183	CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	166:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	12	44	theme	sensitive	1635:1643	arg1	behav-ior					1645:1653	pH sensitive behav-ior	1632:1653	pH sensitive behav-ior	1632:1653	The prepared hydrogels exhibited pH sensitive behav-ior.
27008813	1	45	theme	acid	299:302	arg1	crosslinking					243:254	crosslinking	243:254	crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)	243:368	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	5	46	theme	captopril	808:816	arg1	concentration					791:803	The concentration	787:803	The concentration of captopril	787:816	The concentration of captopril was monitored at 205 nm using UV spectrophotometer.
27008813	1	47	theme	controlled	374:383	arg1	delivery					398:405	controlled release drug delivery	374:405	controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug	374:454	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	9	48	theme	AMPS	1231:1234	arg1	ratio					1236:1240	AMPS ratio	1231:1240	AMPS ratio	1231:1240	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	2	49	theme	crosslinking	577:588	arg1	method					590:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	2	49	theme	crosslinking	577:588	arg1	polymerization					538:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	0	50	theme	METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY	57:82	arg1	ACID					138:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	50	theme	METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY	57:82	arg1	NETWORK					154:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK	43:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	43:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	1	51	theme	release	385:391	arg1	delivery					398:405	controlled release drug delivery	374:405	controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug	374:454	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	5	52	theme	UV	848:849	arg1	spectrophotometer					851:867	UV spectrophotometer	848:867	UV spectrophotometer	848:867	The concentration of captopril was monitored at 205 nm using UV spectrophotometer.
27008813	2	53	theme	used	563:566	arg1	method					590:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	2	53	theme	used	563:566	arg1	polymerization					538:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	11	54	theme	stable	1536:1541	arg1	hydrogel					1543:1550	a stable hydrogel	1534:1550	a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS	1534:1596	The present research work confirms the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS.
27008813	4	55	theme	model	774:778	arg1	drug					780:783	model drug	774:783	model drug	774:783	The hydrogel formulation was loaded with captopril (as model drug).
27008813	0	56	theme	HYDROXYPROPYL	43:55	arg1	ACID					138:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	56	theme	HYDROXYPROPYL	43:55	arg1	NETWORK					154:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK	43:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	43:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	1	57	theme	drug	393:396	arg1	delivery					398:405	controlled release drug delivery	374:405	controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug	374:454	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	1	58	with	crosslinking	243:254	arg1	HPMC					364:367	HPMC	364:367	HPMC	364:367	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	1	58	with	crosslinking	243:254	arg1	methylcellulose					347:361	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	333:361	hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)	333:368	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
27008813	2	59	theme	free	525:528	arg1	radical					530:536	free radical	525:536	free radical polymerization	525:551	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	10	60	theme	swelling	1407:1414	arg1	capacity					1416:1423	more swelling capacity	1402:1423	more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium	1402:1477	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	9	61	theme	lower	1254:1258	arg1	amounts					1260:1266	lower amounts	1254:1266	lower amounts of crosslinker	1254:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	9	61	theme	lower	1254:1258	arg1	crosslinker					1271:1281	crosslinker	1271:1281	crosslinker	1271:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	13	62	theme	successful	1706:1715	arg1	composite					1676:1684	This superabsorbent composite	1656:1684	This superabsorbent composite prepared	1656:1693	This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.
27008813	13	62	theme	successful	1706:1715	arg1	carrier					1722:1728	a successful drug carrier	1704:1728	a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension	1704:1754	This superabsorbent composite prepared could be a successful drug carrier for treating hypertension.
27008813	11	63	theme	present	1484:1490	arg1	work					1501:1504	The present research work	1480:1504	The present research work	1480:1504	The present research work confirms the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS.
27008813	11	64	theme	hydrogel	1543:1550	arg1	development					1519:1529	the development	1515:1529	the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS	1515:1596	The present research work confirms the development of a stable hydrogel comprising of HPMC with acrylic acid and AMPS.
27008813	7	65	theme	thermal	1059:1065	arg1	analysis					1067:1074	thermal analysis	1059:1074	thermal analysis (DSC and TGA)	1059:1088	The super-absorbent hydrogels were evaluated by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and thermal analysis (DSC and TGA).
27008813	0	66	dep	IN	14:15	arg1	VITRO					17:21	VITRO	17:21	VITRO	17:21	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	67	theme	ACRYLIC	85:91	arg1	ACID					138:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID	85:141	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	0	67	theme	ACRYLIC	85:91	arg1	NETWORK					154:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK	43:160	HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL	43:196	SYNTHESIS AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT-POLY (ACRYLIC ACID/2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CAPTOPRIL.
27008813	9	68	theme	1	1248:1248	arg1	formulations					1196:1207	The hydrogel formulations	1183:1207	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker	1183:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	10	69	theme	medium	1472:1477	arg1	pH					1454:1455	pH	1454:1455	pH of the aqueous medium	1454:1477	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	2	70	theme	radical	530:536	arg1	method					590:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	a widely used chemical crosslinking method	554:595	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	2	70	theme	radical	530:536	arg1	polymerization					538:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	free radical polymerization	525:551	Acrylic acid and AMPS were polymerized and crosslinked with HPMC by free radical polymerization, a widely used chemical crosslinking method.
27008813	9	71	theme	amounts	1260:1266	arg1	formulations					1196:1207	The hydrogel formulations	1183:1207	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker	1183:1281	The hydrogel formulations with acrylic acid and AMPS ratio of 4: 1 and lower amounts of crosslinker had shown maximum swelling.
27008813	10	72	theme	release	1328:1334	arg1	rate					1336:1339	higher release rate	1321:1339	higher release rate of captopril	1321:1352	Moreover, higher release rate of captopril was observed at pH 7.4 than at pH 2, because of more swelling capacity of copolymer with increasing pH of the aqueous medium.
27008813	6	73	theme	hydrogel	981:988	arg1	responsiveness					952:965	the pH responsiveness	945:965	the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel	945:988	Equilibrium swelling ratio was determined at pH 2, 4.5 and 7.4 to evaluate the pH responsiveness of the formed hydrogel.
27008813	1	74	theme	acrylic	315:321	arg1	acid					323:326	acrylic acid	315:326	acrylic acid	315:326	A super-absorbent hydrogel was developed by crosslinking of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylic acid with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for controlled release drug delivery of captopril, a well known antihypertensive drug.
23841857	0	0	theme	Aosta	69:73	arg1	cows					84:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	1	1	theme	dual-purpose	288:299	arg1	cattle					301:306	dual-purpose cattle	288:306	dual-purpose cattle	288:306	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	2	2	theme	Aosta	321:325	arg1	cows					336:339	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows	309:339	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation	309:364	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	1	3	theme	milk	222:225	arg1	yield					227:231	milk yield	222:231	milk yield	222:231	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	0	4	theme	dual-purpose	56:67	arg1	cows					84:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	6	5	theme	FA	1045:1046	arg1	>					1196:1196	P > 0.05	1194:1201	P > 0.05	1194:1201	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	5	theme	FA	1045:1046	arg1	comparable					1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	5	theme	FA	1045:1046	arg1	extent					1142:1147	the extent	1138:1147	the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation	1138:1175	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	5	theme	FA	1045:1046	arg1	concentrations					1027:1040	Milk concentrations	1022:1040	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA)	1022:1132	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	5	theme	FA	1045:1046	arg1	C18:2					1092:1096	C18:2	1092:1096	C18:2	1092:1096	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	5	6	theme	overall	965:971	arg1	profile					981:987	The overall milk FA profile	961:987	The overall milk FA profile	961:987	The overall milk FA profile was very similar between groups.
23841857	5	6	theme	overall	965:971	arg1	similar					998:1004	similar	998:1004	similar	998:1004	The overall milk FA profile was very similar between groups.
23841857	0	7	theme	Pied	79:82	arg1	cows					84:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	3	8	theme	total	586:590	arg1	TMR					606:608	TMR	606:608	TMR	606:608	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	3	8	theme	total	586:590	arg1	ration					598:603	a total mixed ration	584:603	a total mixed ration (TMR)	584:609	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	3	8	theme	total	586:590	arg1	Concentrates					492:503	Concentrates	492:503	Concentrates	492:503	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	6	9	theme	ruminal	1250:1256	arg1	pH					1258:1259	ruminal pH	1250:1259	ruminal pH	1250:1259	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	10	theme	P	1194:1194	arg1	comparable					1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	10	theme	P	1194:1194	arg1	>					1196:1196	P > 0.05	1194:1201	P > 0.05	1194:1201	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	10	theme	P	1194:1194	arg1	extent					1142:1147	the extent	1138:1147	the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation	1138:1175	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	4	11	theme	lactose	811:817	arg1	g/kg					877:880	36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg	829:880	36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg	829:880	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	11	theme	lactose	811:817	arg1	contents					819:826	protein and lactose contents	799:826	contents	819:826	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	0	12	theme	Red	75:77	arg1	cows					84:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows	56:87	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	5	13	theme	FA	978:979	arg1	profile					981:987	The overall milk FA profile	961:987	The overall milk FA profile	961:987	The overall milk FA profile was very similar between groups.
23841857	5	13	theme	FA	978:979	arg1	similar					998:1004	similar	998:1004	similar	998:1004	The overall milk FA profile was very similar between groups.
23841857	2	14	from	hay	402:404	arg1	proportions					430:440	the proportions 0.69 and 0.31	426:454	the proportions 0.69 and 0.31	426:454	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	6	15	theme	Milk	1022:1025	arg1	concentrations					1027:1040	Milk concentrations	1022:1040	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA)	1022:1132	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	15	theme	Milk	1022:1025	arg1	C18:2					1092:1096	C18:2	1092:1096	C18:2	1092:1096	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	4	16	theme	feeding	616:622	arg1	method					624:629	The feeding method	612:629	The feeding method	612:629	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	17	theme	dry	663:665	arg1	g/head/day					948:957	607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day	895:957	607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day	895:957	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	17	theme	dry	663:665	arg1	intake					674:679	dry matter intake	663:679	dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively)	663:746	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	0	18	theme	cows	84:87	arg1	profile					45:51	fatty acid profile	34:51	fatty acid profile	34:51	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	0	18	theme	cows	84:87	arg1	yield					5:9	Milk yield	0:9	Milk yield	0:9	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	0	18	theme	cows	84:87	arg1	composition					18:28	gross composition	12:28	gross composition	12:28	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	4	19	theme	SR-	712:714	arg1	cows					728:731	SR- and TMR-fed cows	712:731	SR- and TMR-fed cows	712:731	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	2	20	from	concentrates	410:421	arg1	proportions					430:440	the proportions 0.69 and 0.31	426:454	the proportions 0.69 and 0.31	426:454	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	4	21	theme	milk	789:792	arg1	fat					794:796	milk fat	789:796	milk fat	789:796	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	22	theme	milk	749:752	arg1	kg/head/day					775:785	17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day	761:785	17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day	761:785	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	22	theme	milk	749:752	arg1	yield					754:758	milk yield	749:758	milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day)	749:786	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	23	dep	intake	674:679	arg1	kg/head/day					696:706	16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day	682:706	16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows	682:731	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	0	24	theme	Milk	0:3	arg1	yield					5:9	Milk yield	0:9	Milk yield	0:9	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	4	25	theme	TMR-fed	720:726	arg1	cows					728:731	SR- and TMR-fed cows	712:731	SR- and TMR-fed cows	712:731	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	6	26	theme	feeding	1311:1317	arg1	strategy					1319:1326	the feeding strategy	1307:1326	the feeding strategy applied	1307:1334	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	0	27	theme	gross	12:16	arg1	composition					18:28	gross composition	12:28	gross composition	12:28	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	1	28	theme	fatty	250:254	arg1	acid					256:259	fatty acid	250:259	fatty acid (FA) profile	250:272	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	1	28	theme	fatty	250:254	arg1	FA					262:263	FA	262:263	FA	262:263	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	6	29	theme	strategy	1319:1326	arg1	consequence					1292:1302	a consequence	1290:1302	a consequence of the feeding strategy applied	1290:1334	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	30	theme	branched-chain	1115:1128	arg1	FA					1130:1131	odd- and branched-chain FA	1106:1131	odd- and branched-chain FA	1106:1131	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	31	theme	biohydrogenation	1160:1175	arg1	>					1196:1196	P > 0.05	1194:1201	P > 0.05	1194:1201	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	31	theme	biohydrogenation	1160:1175	arg1	comparable					1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	31	theme	biohydrogenation	1160:1175	arg1	extent					1142:1147	the extent	1138:1147	the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation	1138:1175	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	31	theme	biohydrogenation	1160:1175	arg1	concentrations					1027:1040	Milk concentrations	1022:1040	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA)	1022:1132	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	31	theme	biohydrogenation	1160:1175	arg1	C18:2					1092:1096	C18:2	1092:1096	C18:2	1092:1096	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	1	32	theme	acid	256:259	arg1	profile					266:272	fatty acid (FA) profile	250:272	fatty acid (FA) profile	250:272	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	0	33	theme	separate	93:100	arg1	concentrate-forage					102:119	separate concentrate-forage	93:119	separate concentrate-forage	93:119	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	3	34	dep	times	544:548	arg1	day					552:554	a day	550:554	forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR)	534:576	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	6	35	theme	ruminal	1152:1158	arg1	biohydrogenation					1160:1175	ruminal biohydrogenation	1152:1175	ruminal biohydrogenation	1152:1175	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	0	36	theme	total	128:132	arg1	ration					140:145	total mixed ration	128:145	total mixed ration	128:145	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	2	37	theme	matter	465:470	arg1	basis					472:476	a dry matter basis	459:476	a dry matter basis for 10 weeks	459:489	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	6	38	theme	function	1082:1089	arg1	markers					1065:1071	indirect markers	1056:1071	indirect markers of rumen function	1056:1089	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	3	39	theme	forages	534:540	arg1	times					544:548	forages 6 times	534:548	forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR)	534:576	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	1	40	from	effects	188:194	arg1	yield					227:231	milk yield	222:231	milk yield	222:231	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	1	40	from	effects	188:194	arg1	profile					266:272	fatty acid (FA) profile	250:272	fatty acid (FA) profile	250:272	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	1	40	from	effects	188:194	arg1	composition					234:244	composition	234:244	composition	234:244	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	2	41	theme	lactation	356:364	arg1	peak					348:351	peak	348:351	peak of lactation	348:364	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	0	42	theme	acid	40:43	arg1	profile					45:51	fatty acid profile	34:51	fatty acid profile	34:51	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	2	43	theme	dry	461:463	arg1	basis					472:476	a dry matter basis	459:476	a dry matter basis for 10 weeks	459:489	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	2	44	dep	proportions	430:440	arg1	0.69					442:445	0.69	442:445	0.69	442:445	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	2	44	dep	proportions	430:440	arg1	0.31					451:454	0.31	451:454	0.31	451:454	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	3	45	theme	separate	557:564	arg1	ration					566:571	separate ration	557:571	separate ration	557:571	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	3	45	theme	separate	557:564	arg1	SR					574:575	SR	574:575	SR	574:575	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	0	46	theme	fatty	34:38	arg1	profile					45:51	fatty acid profile	34:51	fatty acid profile	34:51	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	0	47	theme	mixed	134:138	arg1	ration					140:145	total mixed ration	128:145	total mixed ration	128:145	Milk yield, gross composition and fatty acid profile of dual-purpose Aosta Red Pied cows fed separate concentrate-forage versus total mixed ration.
23841857	6	48	dep	C18:2	1092:1096	arg1	FA					1130:1131	odd- and branched-chain FA	1106:1131	odd- and branched-chain FA	1106:1131	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	49	theme	TMR-fed	1220:1226	arg1	cows					1228:1231	SR- and TMR-fed cows	1212:1231	SR- and TMR-fed cows	1212:1231	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	50	theme	indirect	1056:1063	arg1	markers					1065:1071	indirect markers	1056:1071	indirect markers of rumen function	1056:1089	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	5	51	theme	milk	973:976	arg1	profile					981:987	The overall milk FA profile	961:987	The overall milk FA profile	961:987	The overall milk FA profile was very similar between groups.
23841857	5	51	theme	milk	973:976	arg1	similar					998:1004	similar	998:1004	similar	998:1004	The overall milk FA profile was very similar between groups.
23841857	6	52	theme	rumen	1076:1080	arg1	function					1082:1089	rumen function	1076:1089	rumen function	1076:1089	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	53	dep	comparable	1182:1191	arg1	comparable					1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	comparable	1182:1191	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	53	dep	comparable	1182:1191	arg1	>					1196:1196	P > 0.05	1194:1201	P > 0.05	1194:1201	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	6	53	dep	comparable	1182:1191	arg1	extent					1142:1147	the extent	1138:1147	the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation	1138:1175	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	4	54	theme	matter	667:672	arg1	g/head/day					948:957	607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day	895:957	607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day	895:957	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	54	theme	matter	667:672	arg1	intake					674:679	dry matter intake	663:679	dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively)	663:746	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	6	55	theme	SR-	1212:1214	arg1	cows					1228:1231	SR- and TMR-fed cows	1212:1231	SR- and TMR-fed cows	1212:1231	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
23841857	1	56	theme	feeding	203:209	arg1	methods					211:217	two feeding methods	199:217	two feeding methods	199:217	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	3	57	dep	day	552:554	arg1	ration					566:571	separate ration	557:571	separate ration	557:571	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	3	57	dep	day	552:554	arg1	SR					574:575	SR	574:575	SR	574:575	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	2	58	theme	Pied	331:334	arg1	cows					336:339	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows	309:339	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation	309:364	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	1	59	theme	methods	211:217	arg1	effects					188:194	the effects	184:194	the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle	184:306	This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two feeding methods on milk yield, composition and fatty acid (FA) profile obtained from dual-purpose cattle.
23841857	4	60	theme	protein	799:805	arg1	g/kg					877:880	36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg	829:880	36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg	829:880	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	4	60	theme	protein	799:805	arg1	contents					819:826	protein and lactose contents	799:826	contents	819:826	The feeding method did not significantly influence dry matter intake (16.8 vs. 16.9 kg/head/day for SR- and TMR-fed cows, respectively), milk yield (17.4 vs. 17.5 kg/head/day), milk fat, protein and lactose contents (36.4 vs. 35.2, 33.5 vs. 32.8, and 47.3 vs. 47.4 g/kg) and yields (607.9 vs. 613.4, 567.4 vs. 572.7 and 805.5 vs. 829.7 g/head/day).
23841857	3	61	theme	mixed	592:596	arg1	TMR					606:608	TMR	606:608	TMR	606:608	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	3	61	theme	mixed	592:596	arg1	ration					598:603	a total mixed ration	584:603	a total mixed ration (TMR)	584:609	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	3	61	theme	mixed	592:596	arg1	Concentrates					492:503	Concentrates	492:503	Concentrates	492:503	Concentrates were offered separately from forages 6 times a day (separate ration, SR) or as a total mixed ration (TMR).
23841857	2	62	theme	Red	327:329	arg1	cows					336:339	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows	309:339	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation	309:364	Twenty-four Aosta Red Pied cows beyond peak of lactation were assigned to two groups and fed hay and concentrates in the proportions 0.69 and 0.31 on a dry matter basis for 10 weeks.
23841857	6	63	theme	odd-	1106:1109	arg1	FA					1130:1131	odd- and branched-chain FA	1106:1131	odd- and branched-chain FA	1106:1131	Milk concentrations of FA used as indirect markers of rumen function (C18:2 t10c12, odd- and branched-chain FA) and the extent of ruminal biohydrogenation were comparable (P > 0.05) between SR- and TMR-fed cows, suggesting that ruminal pH did not vary considerably as a consequence of the feeding strategy applied.
24200568	7	0	theme	protein	900:906	arg1	combination					878:888	the combination	874:888	the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w)	874:935	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	3	1	theme	instrumental	447:458	arg1	analysis					468:475	instrumental texture analysis	447:475	instrumental texture analysis	447:475	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	4	2	theme	minced	544:549	arg1	meat					551:554	full-fat minced meat	535:554	full-fat minced meat	535:554	The resulting formulations were compared with full-fat minced meat, as control.
24200568	0	3	theme	plasma	64:69	arg1	proteins					71:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	0	3	theme	plasma	64:69	arg1	replacers					87:95	fat replacers	83:95	fat replacers	83:95	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	5	4	theme	protein	603:609	arg1	contents					611:618	protein contents	603:618	protein contents	603:618	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	3	5	theme	texture	460:466	arg1	analysis					468:475	instrumental texture analysis	447:475	instrumental texture analysis	447:475	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	4	6	theme	full-fat	535:542	arg1	meat					551:554	full-fat minced meat	535:554	full-fat minced meat	535:554	The resulting formulations were compared with full-fat minced meat, as control.
24200568	0	7	theme	fat	83:85	arg1	proteins					71:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	0	7	theme	fat	83:85	arg1	replacers					87:95	fat replacers	83:95	fat replacers	83:95	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	5	8	theme	contents	611:618	arg1	increase					591:598	an increase	588:598	an increase of protein contents	588:618	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	7	9	contain	had	997:999	arg1	combination					878:888	the combination	874:888	the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w)	874:935	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	9	contain	had	997:999	arg2	drain					1013:1017	a lower fat drain	1001:1017	a lower fat drain	1001:1017	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	5	10	theme	%	673:673	arg1	reduction					655:663	a fat reduction	649:663	a fat reduction of 20-35%	649:673	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	1	11	theme	minced	219:224	arg1	meat					226:229	minced meat	219:229	minced meat	219:229	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	3	12	theme	following	300:308	arg1	determinations					310:323	The following determinations	296:323	The following determinations	296:323	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	13	theme	samples	480:486	arg1	stability					433:441	emulsion stability	424:441	emulsion stability	424:441	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	13	theme	samples	480:486	arg1	analysis					375:382	sensorial analysis	365:382	sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency)	365:421	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	13	theme	samples	480:486	arg1	composition					352:362	chemical composition	343:362	chemical composition	343:362	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	13	theme	samples	480:486	arg1	analysis					468:475	instrumental texture analysis	447:475	instrumental texture analysis	447:475	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	8	14	theme	texture	1118:1124	arg1	properties					1126:1135	the control texture properties	1106:1135	the control texture properties	1106:1135	Texture profile analysis revealed that this formulation assimilated the control texture properties, being that this result is required for adequate consumer acceptance.
24200568	1	15	theme	addition	137:144	arg1	effect					123:128	the effect	119:128	the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers	119:198	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	5	16	theme	light	684:688	arg1	ingredient					751:760	the functional ingredient	736:760	the functional ingredient	736:760	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	5	16	theme	light	684:688	arg1	products					690:697	light products	684:697	light products enriched with proteins and inulin	684:731	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	3	17	theme	chemical	343:350	arg1	composition					352:362	chemical composition	343:362	chemical composition	343:362	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	18	dep	analysis	375:382	arg1	flavor					392:397	flavor	392:397	flavor	392:397	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	18	dep	analysis	375:382	arg1	color					385:389	color	385:389	color	385:389	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	18	dep	analysis	375:382	arg1	consistency					410:420	consistency	410:420	consistency	410:420	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	3	18	dep	analysis	375:382	arg1	taste					400:404	taste	400:404	taste	400:404	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	1	19	theme	inulin	149:154	arg1	proteins					174:181	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	149:181	inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers	149:198	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	1	20	theme	meat	226:229	arg1	quality					208:214	the quality	204:214	the quality of minced meat	204:229	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	8	21	theme	control	1110:1116	arg1	properties					1126:1135	the control texture properties	1106:1135	the control texture properties	1106:1135	Texture profile analysis revealed that this formulation assimilated the control texture properties, being that this result is required for adequate consumer acceptance.
24200568	0	22	theme	fat	23:25	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of reduced fat	0:25	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	7	23	theme	sensory	845:851	arg1	analysis					853:860	the sensory analysis	841:860	the sensory analysis	841:860	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	1	24	theme	bovine	160:165	arg1	proteins					174:181	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	149:181	inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers	149:198	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	0	25	theme	reduced	15:21	arg1	fat					23:25	reduced fat	15:25	reduced fat	15:25	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	5	26	theme	fat	651:653	arg1	reduction					655:663	a fat reduction	649:663	a fat reduction of 20-35%	649:673	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	8	27	theme	consumer	1186:1193	arg1	acceptance					1195:1204	adequate consumer acceptance	1177:1204	adequate consumer acceptance	1177:1204	Texture profile analysis revealed that this formulation assimilated the control texture properties, being that this result is required for adequate consumer acceptance.
24200568	1	28	theme	plasma	167:172	arg1	proteins					174:181	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	149:181	inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers	149:198	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	7	29	theme	lower	1003:1007	arg1	drain					1013:1017	a lower fat drain	1001:1017	a lower fat drain	1001:1017	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	30	theme	w/w	932:934	arg1	inulin					922:927	inulin	922:927	inulin (2%w/w)	922:935	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	30	theme	w/w	932:934	arg1	%					931:931	2%w/w	930:934	2%w/w	930:934	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	31	contain	had	937:939	arg1	combination					878:888	the combination	874:888	the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w)	874:935	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	31	contain	had	937:939	arg2	acceptability					950:962	the best acceptability	941:962	the best acceptability	941:962	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	1	32	theme	proteins	174:181	arg1	addition					137:144	the addition	133:144	the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers	133:198	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	7	33	theme	fat	1009:1011	arg1	drain					1013:1017	a lower fat drain	1001:1017	a lower fat drain	1001:1017	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	8	34	theme	Texture	1038:1044	arg1	analysis					1054:1061	Texture profile analysis	1038:1061	Texture profile analysis	1038:1061	Texture profile analysis revealed that this formulation assimilated the control texture properties, being that this result is required for adequate consumer acceptance.
24200568	0	35	theme	inulin	46:51	arg1	proteins					71:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	0	35	theme	inulin	46:51	arg1	replacers					87:95	fat replacers	83:95	fat replacers	83:95	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	5	36	theme	fat	626:628	arg1	replacement					630:640	fat replacement	626:640	fat replacement	626:640	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	7	37	theme	best	945:948	arg1	acceptability					950:962	the best acceptability	941:962	the best acceptability	941:962	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	6	38	located	observed	777:784	arg2	change					766:771	No change	763:771	No change	763:771	No change was observed in color, flavor, or taste among the samples.
24200568	6	38	located	observed	777:784	arg1	flavor					796:801	flavor	796:801	flavor	796:801	No change was observed in color, flavor, or taste among the samples.
24200568	6	38	located	observed	777:784	arg1	taste					807:811	taste	807:811	taste	807:811	No change was observed in color, flavor, or taste among the samples.
24200568	6	38	located	observed	777:784	arg1	color					789:793	color	789:793	color	789:793	No change was observed in color, flavor, or taste among the samples.
24200568	3	39	theme	sensorial	365:373	arg1	analysis					375:382	sensorial analysis	365:382	sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency)	365:421	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	4	40	theme	resulting	493:501	arg1	control					560:566	control	560:566	control	560:566	The resulting formulations were compared with full-fat minced meat, as control.
24200568	4	40	theme	resulting	493:501	arg1	formulations					503:514	The resulting formulations	489:514	The resulting formulations	489:514	The resulting formulations were compared with full-fat minced meat, as control.
24200568	7	41	theme	inulin	922:927	arg1	combination					878:888	the combination	874:888	the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w)	874:935	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	42	theme	w/w	913:915	arg1	protein					900:906	plasma protein	893:906	plasma protein (2.5%w/w)	893:916	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	42	theme	w/w	913:915	arg1	%					912:912	2.5%w/w	909:915	2.5%w/w	909:915	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	1	43	theme	fat	186:188	arg1	replacers					190:198	fat replacers	186:198	fat replacers	186:198	This work deals with the effect of the addition of inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers, on the quality of minced meat.
24200568	3	44	theme	emulsion	424:431	arg1	stability					433:441	emulsion stability	424:441	emulsion stability	424:441	The following determinations were carried out: chemical composition, sensorial analysis (color, flavor, taste and consistency), emulsion stability and instrumental texture analysis of samples.
24200568	0	45	theme	bovine	57:62	arg1	proteins					71:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	inulin and bovine plasma proteins	46:78	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	0	45	theme	bovine	57:62	arg1	replacers					87:95	fat replacers	83:95	fat replacers	83:95	Development of reduced fat minced meats using inulin and bovine plasma proteins as fat replacers.
24200568	8	46	theme	adequate	1177:1184	arg1	acceptance					1195:1204	adequate consumer acceptance	1177:1204	adequate consumer acceptance	1177:1204	Texture profile analysis revealed that this formulation assimilated the control texture properties, being that this result is required for adequate consumer acceptance.
24200568	8	47	theme	profile	1046:1052	arg1	analysis					1054:1061	Texture profile analysis	1038:1061	Texture profile analysis	1038:1061	Texture profile analysis revealed that this formulation assimilated the control texture properties, being that this result is required for adequate consumer acceptance.
24200568	7	48	theme	plasma	893:898	arg1	protein					900:906	plasma protein	893:906	plasma protein (2.5%w/w)	893:916	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	7	48	theme	plasma	893:898	arg1	%					912:912	2.5%w/w	909:915	2.5%w/w	909:915	However, the sensory analysis showed that the combination of plasma protein (2.5%w/w) and inulin (2%w/w) had the best acceptability with respect to consistency, and had a lower fat drain from the emulsion.
24200568	5	49	theme	functional	740:749	arg1	ingredient					751:760	the functional ingredient	736:760	the functional ingredient	736:760	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
24200568	5	49	theme	functional	740:749	arg1	products					690:697	light products	684:697	light products enriched with proteins and inulin	684:731	The results showed an increase of protein contents after fat replacement, while a fat reduction of 20-35% produced light products enriched with proteins and inulin as the functional ingredient.
28053506	3	0	theme	CTNase	712:717	arg1	absence					701:707	absence	701:707	absence	701:707	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	3	0	theme	CTNase	712:717	arg1	presence					689:696	presence	689:696	presence	689:696	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	5	1	dep	releasing	941:949	arg1	%					1000:1000	approximately 40%	984:1000	approximately 40% at 10 hours	984:1012	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	1	dep	releasing	941:949	arg1	%					1020:1020	92%	1018:1020	92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1018:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	2	from	hours	1028:1032	arg1	%					1000:1000	approximately 40%	984:1000	approximately 40% at 10 hours	984:1012	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	2	from	hours	1028:1032	arg1	%					1020:1020	92%	1018:1020	92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1018:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	2	from	hours	1028:1032	arg1	fluid					1075:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	1	3	theme	polymeric	230:238	arg1	subcoating					240:249	polymeric subcoating	230:249	polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification	230:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	0	4	theme	drug	92:95	arg1	delivery					97:104	colon-specific drug delivery	77:104	colon-specific drug delivery	77:104	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	1	5	contain	containing	270:279	arg1	tablet					263:268	the core tablet	254:268	the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification	254:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	5	contain	containing	270:279	arg2	acid					288:291	citric acid	281:291	citric acid for microclimate acidification	281:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	0	6	theme	colon-specific	77:90	arg1	delivery					97:104	colon-specific drug delivery	77:104	colon-specific drug delivery	77:104	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	5	7	from	release	899:905	arg1	intestine					926:934	intestine	926:934	intestine	926:934	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	7	from	release	899:905	arg1	stomach					914:920	stomach	914:920	stomach	914:920	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	4	8	theme	drug	771:774	arg1	release					776:782	drug release	771:782	drug release	771:782	Microflora activation and a stepwise mechanism for drug release were postulated.
28053506	3	9	dep	presence	689:696	arg1	the					685:687	the	685:687	the	685:687	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	1	10	theme	enteric	340:346	arg1	coating					348:354	an enteric coating	337:354	an enteric coating	337:354	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	5	11	theme	optimized	819:827	arg1	DL-CDDS					829:835	the optimized DL-CDDS	815:835	the optimized DL-CDDS	815:835	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	2	12	theme	design	494:499	arg1	method					501:506	a two-level factorial design method	472:506	a two-level factorial design method	472:506	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	2	13	theme	composition	371:381	arg1	ratio					383:387	The polymeric composition ratio	357:387	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating	357:449	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	2	14	theme	amount	430:435	arg1	ratio					383:387	The polymeric composition ratio	357:387	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating	357:449	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	3	15	theme	Drug-release	509:520	arg1	characteristics					522:536	Drug-release characteristics	509:536	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration	509:603	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	3	16	from	fluid	676:680	arg1	absence					701:707	absence	701:707	absence	701:707	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	3	16	from	fluid	676:680	arg1	presence					689:696	presence	689:696	presence	689:696	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	4	17	theme	stepwise	748:755	arg1	mechanism					757:765	a stepwise mechanism	746:765	a stepwise mechanism for drug release	746:782	Microflora activation and a stepwise mechanism for drug release were postulated.
28053506	2	18	theme	polymeric	361:369	arg1	ratio					383:387	The polymeric composition ratio	357:387	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating	357:449	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	3	19	theme	controlled-release	577:594	arg1	duration					596:603	controlled-release duration	577:603	controlled-release duration	577:603	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	5	20	theme	drug	894:897	arg1	release					899:905	drug release	894:905	drug release in the stomach and intestine	894:934	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	0	21	theme	chitosan	17:24	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a chitosan	0:24	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	1	22	theme	core	258:261	arg1	tablet					263:268	the core tablet	254:268	the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification	254:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	3	23	theme	dissolution	550:560	arg1	efficiency					562:571	dissolution efficiency	550:571	dissolution efficiency	550:571	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	2	24	theme	ethyl	410:414	arg1	cellulose					416:424	Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose	392:424	cellulose	416:424	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	1	25	theme	tablet	263:268	arg1	subcoating					240:249	polymeric subcoating	230:249	polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification	230:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	3	26	theme	simulated	658:666	arg1	fluid					676:680	simulated colonic fluid	658:680	simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase	658:717	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	3	27	theme	efficiency	562:571	arg1	terms					541:545	terms	541:545	terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration	541:603	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	2	28	theme	E100	401:404	arg1	ratio					383:387	The polymeric composition ratio	357:387	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating	357:449	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	0	29	theme	double	32:37	arg1	platform					64:71	a platform	62:71	a platform for colon-specific drug delivery	62:104	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	0	29	theme	double	32:37	arg1	tablet					52:57	double layer-coated tablet	32:57	double layer-coated tablet	32:57	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	3	30	theme	colonic	668:674	arg1	fluid					676:680	simulated colonic fluid	658:680	simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase	658:717	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	5	31	from	hours	1008:1012	arg1	%					1000:1000	approximately 40%	984:1000	approximately 40% at 10 hours	984:1012	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	31	from	hours	1008:1012	arg1	%					1020:1020	92%	1018:1020	92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1018:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	2	32	theme	Eudragit	392:399	arg1	E100					401:404	Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose	392:424	E100	401:404	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	1	33	theme	citric	281:286	arg1	acid					288:291	citric acid	281:291	citric acid for microclimate acidification	281:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	5	34	theme	simulated	1057:1065	arg1	fluid					1075:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	2	35	theme	cellulose	416:424	arg1	ratio					383:387	The polymeric composition ratio	357:387	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating	357:449	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	5	36	theme	controlled	862:871	arg1	manner					873:878	a controlled manner	860:878	a controlled manner	860:878	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	2	37	theme	subcoating	440:449	arg1	ratio					383:387	The polymeric composition ratio	357:387	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating	357:449	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	5	38	theme	novel	1115:1119	arg1	feasibility					1098:1108	its feasibility	1094:1108	its feasibility	1094:1108	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	38	theme	novel	1115:1119	arg1	platform					1121:1128	a novel platform	1113:1128	a novel platform for CDD	1113:1136	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	39	theme	colonic	1067:1073	arg1	fluid					1075:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	3	40	theme	duration	596:603	arg1	terms					541:545	terms	541:545	terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration	541:603	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	5	41	dep	stomach	914:920	arg1	the					910:912	the	910:912	the	910:912	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	4	42	theme	Microflora	720:729	arg1	activation					731:740	Microflora activation	720:740	Microflora activation	720:740	Microflora activation and a stepwise mechanism for drug release were postulated.
28053506	0	43	theme	layer-coated	39:50	arg1	platform					64:71	a platform	62:71	a platform for colon-specific drug delivery	62:104	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	0	43	theme	layer-coated	39:50	arg1	tablet					52:57	double layer-coated tablet	32:57	double layer-coated tablet	32:57	Development of a chitosan based double layer-coated tablet as a platform for colon-specific drug delivery.
28053506	1	44	theme	double	109:114	arg1	DL-CDDS					166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	44	theme	double	109:114	arg1	system					158:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system	107:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS)	107:173	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	45	theme	microclimate	297:308	arg1	acidification					310:322	microclimate acidification	297:322	microclimate acidification	297:322	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	46	dep	consisted	196:204	arg1	based					224:228	based	224:228	based	224:228	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	47	theme	layer-coated	116:127	arg1	DL-CDDS					166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	47	theme	layer-coated	116:127	arg1	system					158:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system	107:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS)	107:173	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	5	48	theme	drug	844:847	arg1	release					849:855	drug release	844:855	drug release	844:855	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	5	49	theme	CTNase-supplemented	1037:1055	arg1	fluid					1075:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid	1037:1079	Consequently, the optimized DL-CDDS showed drug release in a controlled manner by inhibiting drug release in the stomach and intestine, but releasing the drug gradually in the colon (approximately 40% at 10 hours and 92% at 24 hours in CTNase-supplemented simulated colonic fluid), indicating its feasibility as a novel platform for CDD.
28053506	1	50	theme	colon-specific	129:142	arg1	DL-CDDS					166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	50	theme	colon-specific	129:142	arg1	system					158:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system	107:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS)	107:173	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	2	51	theme	factorial	484:492	arg1	method					501:506	a two-level factorial design method	472:506	a two-level factorial design method	472:506	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	3	52	theme	various	623:629	arg1	media					643:647	various dissolution media	623:647	various dissolution media	623:647	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	3	52	theme	various	623:629	arg1	fluid					676:680	simulated colonic fluid	658:680	simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase	658:717	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	1	53	theme	drug	144:147	arg1	DL-CDDS					166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	53	theme	drug	144:147	arg1	system					158:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system	107:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS)	107:173	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	2	54	theme	two-level	474:482	arg1	method					501:506	a two-level factorial design method	472:506	a two-level factorial design method	472:506	The polymeric composition ratio of Eudragit E100 and ethyl cellulose and amount of subcoating were optimized using a two-level factorial design method.
28053506	3	55	theme	dissolution	631:641	arg1	media					643:647	various dissolution media	623:647	various dissolution media	623:647	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	3	55	theme	dissolution	631:641	arg1	fluid					676:680	simulated colonic fluid	658:680	simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase	658:717	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
28053506	1	56	theme	delivery	149:156	arg1	DL-CDDS					166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	DL-CDDS	166:172	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	1	56	theme	delivery	149:156	arg1	system					158:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system	107:163	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS)	107:173	A double layer-coated colon-specific drug delivery system (DL-CDDS) was developed, which consisted of chitosan (CTN) based polymeric subcoating of the core tablet containing citric acid for microclimate acidification, followed by an enteric coating.
28053506	3	57	from	characteristics	522:536	arg1	terms					541:545	terms	541:545	terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration	541:603	Drug-release characteristics in terms of dissolution efficiency and controlled-release duration were evaluated in various dissolution media, such as simulated colonic fluid in the presence or absence of CTNase.
26726562	2	0	theme	methacrylate	487:498	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	6	1	theme	β-cyclodextrin	1050:1063	arg1	combination					1035:1045	a combination	1033:1045	a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties	1033:1083	The HNTs-g-βCD shows promiseas potential multi-functional materials by a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties.
26726562	2	2	mod	modified	355:362	arg1	surface					312:318	the surface	308:318	the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)	308:349	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	2	mod	modified	355:362	arg3	methacrylate					383:394	glycidyl methacrylate	374:394	glycidyl methacrylate	374:394	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	2	mod	modified	355:362	arg3	poly					369:372	poly	369:372	poly(glycidyl methacrylate)	369:395	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	3	theme	glycidyl	478:485	arg1	methacrylate					487:498	glycidyl methacrylate	478:498	glycidyl methacrylate	478:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	5	4	theme	alcohol	905:911	arg1	reaction					886:893	the oxidation reaction	872:893	the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	872:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	0	5	theme	Dye	103:105	arg1	Removal					107:113	Dye Removal	103:113	Dye Removal	103:113	Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite Nanotubes as a Catalyst and Nanoadsorbent for Dye Removal.
26726562	5	6	from	methylene	839:847	arg1	reaction					886:893	the oxidation reaction	872:893	the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	872:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	2	7	theme	nanotubes	334:342	arg1	surface					312:318	the surface	308:318	the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)	308:349	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	8	theme	reversible	404:413	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	5	9	theme	β-cyclodextrin	946:959	arg1	structure					933:941	the unique structure	922:941	the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	922:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	10	theme	oxidation	876:884	arg1	reaction					886:893	the oxidation reaction	872:893	the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	872:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	11	theme	adsorbent	825:833	arg1	composites					790:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites	775:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites	775:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	11	theme	adsorbent	825:833	arg1	nano					820:823	a nano	818:823	a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	818:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	6	12	dep	β-cyclodextrin	1050:1063	arg1	properties					1074:1083	properties	1074:1083	properties	1074:1083	The HNTs-g-βCD shows promiseas potential multi-functional materials by a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties.
26726562	5	13	theme	HNTs-g-βCD	779:788	arg1	composites					790:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites	775:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites	775:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	13	theme	HNTs-g-βCD	779:788	arg1	nano					820:823	a nano	818:823	a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	818:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	2	14	theme	halloysite	323:332	arg1	HNTs					345:348	HNTs	345:348	HNTs	345:348	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	14	theme	halloysite	323:332	arg1	nanotubes					334:342	halloysite nanotubes	323:342	halloysite nanotubes (HNTs)	323:349	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	15	theme	glycidyl	374:381	arg1	methacrylate					383:394	glycidyl methacrylate	374:394	glycidyl methacrylate	374:394	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	15	theme	glycidyl	374:381	arg1	poly					369:372	poly	369:372	poly(glycidyl methacrylate)	369:395	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	16	theme	transfer	444:451	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	6	17	theme	multi-functional	1003:1018	arg1	materials					1020:1028	promiseas potential multi-functional materials	983:1028	promiseas potential multi-functional materials	983:1028	The HNTs-g-βCD shows promiseas potential multi-functional materials by a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties.
26726562	0	18	theme	Multi-Decorated	30:44	arg1	Halloysite					46:55	β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite	15:55	β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite	15:55	Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite Nanotubes as a Catalyst and Nanoadsorbent for Dye Removal.
26726562	6	19	theme	potential	993:1001	arg1	materials					1020:1028	promiseas potential multi-functional materials	983:1028	promiseas potential multi-functional materials	983:1028	The HNTs-g-βCD shows promiseas potential multi-functional materials by a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties.
26726562	2	20	theme	addition	415:422	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	21	theme	fragmentation	424:436	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	6	22	theme	promiseas	983:991	arg1	materials					1020:1028	promiseas potential multi-functional materials	983:1028	promiseas potential multi-functional materials	983:1028	The HNTs-g-βCD shows promiseas potential multi-functional materials by a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties.
26726562	1	23	theme	Hybrid	116:121	arg1	materials					123:131	Hybrid materials	116:131	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD)	116:199	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	1	24	theme	facile	220:225	arg1	route					227:231	a facile route	218:231	a facile route	218:231	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	3	25	theme	mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin	663:705	arg1	reaction					651:658	the epoxide ring-opening reaction	626:658	the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin	626:705	Subsequently, β-cyclodextrin was conjugated with the modified HNTs to produce HNTs-g-βCD by the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	0	26	theme	Halloysite	46:55	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite	0:55	Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite Nanotubes as a Catalyst and Nanoadsorbent for Dye Removal.
26726562	5	27	used	used	810:813	arg2	composites					790:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites	775:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites	775:799	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	27	used	used	810:813	arg2	nano					820:823	a nano	818:823	a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	818:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	3	28	theme	ring-opening	638:649	arg1	reaction					651:658	the epoxide ring-opening reaction	626:658	the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin	626:705	Subsequently, β-cyclodextrin was conjugated with the modified HNTs to produce HNTs-g-βCD by the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	2	29	theme	chain	438:442	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	5	30	from	catalyst	860:867	arg1	reaction					886:893	the oxidation reaction	872:893	the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	872:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	31	theme	benzyl	898:903	arg1	alcohol					905:911	benzyl alcohol	898:911	benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	898:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	5	32	theme	blue	849:852	arg1	methylene					839:847	methylene blue	839:852	methylene blue	839:852	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	3	33	theme	modified	587:594	arg1	HNTs					596:599	the modified HNTs to produce HNTs-g-βCD by the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin	583:705	the modified HNTs to produce HNTs-g-βCD by the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin	583:705	Subsequently, β-cyclodextrin was conjugated with the modified HNTs to produce HNTs-g-βCD by the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	2	34	theme	RAFT	454:457	arg1	polymerization					460:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization	400:473	the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate	400:498	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	5	35	theme	unique	926:931	arg1	structure					933:941	the unique structure	922:941	the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin	922:959	The HNTs-g-βCD composites could be used as a nano adsorbent for methylene blue and a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol owing to the unique structure of β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	1	36	theme	β-cyclodextrin	136:149	arg1	nanotubes					178:186	β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes	136:186	β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD)	136:199	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	1	36	theme	β-cyclodextrin	136:149	arg1	HNTs-g-βCD					189:198	HNTs-g-βCD	189:198	HNTs-g-βCD	189:198	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	6	37	theme	HNTs	1069:1072	arg1	combination					1035:1045	a combination	1033:1045	a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties	1033:1083	The HNTs-g-βCD shows promiseas potential multi-functional materials by a combination of β-cyclodextrin and HNTs properties.
26726562	3	38	theme	epoxide	630:636	arg1	reaction					651:658	the epoxide ring-opening reaction	626:658	the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin	626:705	Subsequently, β-cyclodextrin was conjugated with the modified HNTs to produce HNTs-g-βCD by the epoxide ring-opening reaction of mono-6-deoxy-6-hexanediamine-β-cyclodextrin.
26726562	1	39	theme	multi-decorated	151:165	arg1	nanotubes					178:186	β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes	136:186	β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD)	136:199	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	1	39	theme	multi-decorated	151:165	arg1	HNTs-g-βCD					189:198	HNTs-g-βCD	189:198	HNTs-g-βCD	189:198	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	2	40	theme	epoxy	507:511	arg1	groups					513:518	epoxy groups	507:518	epoxy groups	507:518	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	2	40	theme	epoxy	507:511	arg1	monomer					525:531	a monomer	523:531	a monomer	523:531	Initially, the surface of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) by the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate having epoxy groups as a monomer.
26726562	1	41	dep	catalysis	267:275	arg1	adsorption					285:294	adsorption	285:294	adsorption	285:294	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	1	42	theme	halloysite	167:176	arg1	nanotubes					178:186	β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes	136:186	β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD)	136:199	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	1	42	theme	halloysite	167:176	arg1	HNTs-g-βCD					189:198	HNTs-g-βCD	189:198	HNTs-g-βCD	189:198	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	1	43	theme	high	247:250	arg1	efficiency					252:261	high efficiency	247:261	high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption	247:294	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
26726562	0	44	theme	β-Cyclodextrin	15:28	arg1	Halloysite					46:55	β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite	15:55	β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite	15:55	Preparation of β-Cyclodextrin Multi-Decorated Halloysite Nanotubes as a Catalyst and Nanoadsorbent for Dye Removal.
26726562	1	45	theme	nanotubes	178:186	arg1	materials					123:131	Hybrid materials	116:131	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD)	116:199	Hybrid materials of β-cyclodextrin multi-decorated halloysite nanotubes (HNTs-g-βCD) were prepared by a facile route, which showed high efficiency for catalysis and dye adsorption.
28527996	4	0	theme	substrate	938:946	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	0	theme	substrate	938:946	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	0	theme	substrate	938:946	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	3	1	used	used	764:767	arg2	outcome					701:707	The outcome	697:707	The outcome	697:707	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	3	2	theme	fibers	838:843	arg1	saccharification					795:810	the enzymatic saccharification	781:810	the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF)	781:849	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	1	3	dep	waste	425:429	arg1	bran					438:441	wheat bran	432:441	wheat bran supplemented with lactose	432:467	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	2	4	theme	carbon	475:480	arg1	source					482:487	The carbon source	471:487	The carbon source	471:487	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	1	5	theme	wheat	432:436	arg1	bran					438:441	wheat bran	432:441	wheat bran supplemented with lactose	432:467	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	2	6	theme	optimal	518:524	arg1	values					526:531	the optimal values	514:531	the optimal values of three other parameters	514:557	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	0	7	dep	Talaromyces	105:115	arg1	thermophilus					117:128	Talaromyces thermophilus	105:128	Talaromyces thermophilus	105:128	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	3	8	theme	alkali-pretreated	815:831	arg1	PAF					846:848	PAF	846:848	PAF	846:848	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	3	8	theme	alkali-pretreated	815:831	arg1	fibers					838:843	alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers	815:843	alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF)	815:849	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	3	9	theme	reesei	753:758	arg1	cellulases					736:745	cellulases	736:745	cellulases of T. reesei	736:758	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	4	10	theme	xylanase	1056:1063	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	10	theme	xylanase	1056:1063	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	10	theme	xylanase	1056:1063	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	2	11	theme	substrate	576:584	arg1	10g					595:597	10g	595:597	10g	595:597	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	11	theme	substrate	576:584	arg1	loading					586:592	substrate loading	576:592	substrate loading (10g)	576:598	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	4	12	theme	60U	1027:1029	arg1	β-d-glucosidase					1031:1045	60U β-d-glucosidase	1027:1045	60U β-d-glucosidase	1027:1045	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	13	theme	β-d-glucosidase	1031:1045	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	13	theme	β-d-glucosidase	1031:1045	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	13	theme	β-d-glucosidase	1031:1045	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	0	14	theme	Talaromyces	105:115	arg1	xylanase					93:100	xylanase	93:100	xylanase	93:100	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	0	14	theme	Talaromyces	105:115	arg1	β-d-glucosidase					73:87	β-d-glucosidase	73:87	β-d-glucosidase	73:87	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	5	15	theme	enzymatic	1108:1116	arg1	saccharification					1118:1133	enzymatic saccharification	1108:1133	enzymatic saccharification	1108:1133	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	5	16	theme	composition	1192:1202	arg1	changes					1156:1162	the changes	1152:1162	the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis	1152:1271	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	4	17	theme	%	895:895	arg1	yield					881:885	The maximum saccharification yield	852:885	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23%	852:895	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	1	18	dep	Talaromyces	298:308	arg1	thermophilus					310:321	thermophilus	310:321	thermophilus	310:321	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	2	19	theme	moisture	601:608	arg1	%					621:621	85%	619:621	85%	619:621	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	19	theme	moisture	601:608	arg1	content					610:616	moisture content	601:616	moisture content (85%)	601:622	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	4	20	theme	%	965:965	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	20	theme	%	965:965	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	20	theme	%	965:965	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	5	21	theme	X-Ray	1258:1262	arg1	analysis					1264:1271	X-Ray analysis	1258:1271	X-Ray analysis	1258:1271	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	1	22	theme	solid	370:374	arg1	process					395:401	a solid state fermentation process	368:401	a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose)	368:468	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	2	23	theme	time	639:642	arg1	10days					645:650	production time (10days);	628:652	production time (10days);	628:652	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	24	theme	enzymatic	680:688	arg1	juice					690:694	an optimized enzymatic juice	667:694	an optimized enzymatic juice	667:694	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	0	25	theme	Enzymatic	0:8	arg1	hydrolysis					10:19	Enzymatic hydrolysis	0:19	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	0:65	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	5	26	theme	PAF	1097:1099	arg1	modification					1081:1092	The structural modification	1066:1092	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification	1066:1133	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	4	27	dep	%	965:965	arg1	w/v					968:970	w/v	968:970	w/v	968:970	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	2	28	theme	production	628:637	arg1	10days					645:650	production time (10days);	628:652	production time (10days);	628:652	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	1	29	theme	optimal	192:198	arg1	hydrolysis					200:209	an optimal hydrolysis	189:209	an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	189:255	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	0	30	theme	pretreated	24:33	arg1	fibers					40:45	pretreated Alfa fibers	24:45	pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	24:65	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	0	30	theme	pretreated	24:33	arg1	tenacissima					54:64	Stipa tenacissima	48:64	Stipa tenacissima	48:64	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	1	31	theme	enzymes	276:282	arg1	use					269:271	the use	265:271	the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose)	265:468	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	2	32	theme	other	542:546	arg1	parameters					548:557	three other parameters	536:557	three other parameters	536:557	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	4	33	theme	FPU	1010:1012	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	33	theme	FPU	1010:1012	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	33	theme	FPU	1010:1012	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	34	theme	125U	1051:1054	arg1	xylanase					1056:1063	125U xylanase	1051:1063	125U xylanase	1051:1063	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	2	35	dep	selected	501:508	arg1	%					621:621	85%	619:621	85%	619:621	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	35	dep	selected	501:508	arg1	10days					645:650	production time (10days);	628:652	production time (10days);	628:652	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	35	dep	selected	501:508	arg1	10g					595:597	10g	595:597	10g	595:597	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	35	dep	selected	501:508	arg1	loading					586:592	substrate loading	576:592	substrate loading (10g)	576:598	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	2	35	dep	selected	501:508	arg1	content					610:616	moisture content	601:616	moisture content (85%)	601:622	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	1	36	theme	state	376:380	arg1	process					395:401	a solid state fermentation process	368:401	a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose)	368:468	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	4	37	theme	CMCase	1019:1024	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	37	theme	CMCase	1019:1024	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	37	theme	CMCase	1019:1024	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	0	38	theme	fibers	40:45	arg1	hydrolysis					10:19	Enzymatic hydrolysis	0:19	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	0:65	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	1	39	theme	fermentation	382:393	arg1	process					395:401	a solid state fermentation process	368:401	a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose)	368:468	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	4	40	theme	15U	1015:1017	arg1	CMCase					1019:1024	15U CMCase	1015:1024	15U CMCase	1015:1024	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	1	41	theme	pretreated	214:223	arg1	fibers					230:235	pretreated Alfa fibers	214:235	pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	214:255	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	1	41	theme	pretreated	214:223	arg1	tenacissima					244:254	Stipa tenacissima	238:254	Stipa tenacissima	238:254	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	0	42	theme	Alfa	35:38	arg1	fibers					40:45	pretreated Alfa fibers	24:45	pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	24:65	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	0	42	theme	Alfa	35:38	arg1	tenacissima					54:64	Stipa tenacissima	48:64	Stipa tenacissima	48:64	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	1	43	theme	Talaromyces	298:308	arg1	xylanase					355:362	xylanase	355:362	xylanase	355:362	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	1	43	theme	Talaromyces	298:308	arg1	AX4					323:325	Talaromyces thermophilus AX4	298:325	Talaromyces thermophilus AX4	298:325	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	1	43	theme	Talaromyces	298:308	arg1	β-d-glucosidase					335:349	β-d-glucosidase	335:349	β-d-glucosidase	335:349	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	0	44	theme	solid-state	135:145	arg1	fermentation					147:158	solid-state fermentation	135:158	solid-state fermentation	135:158	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	1	45	theme	Alfa	225:228	arg1	fibers					230:235	pretreated Alfa fibers	214:235	pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	214:255	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	1	45	theme	Alfa	225:228	arg1	tenacissima					244:254	Stipa tenacissima	238:254	Stipa tenacissima	238:254	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	0	46	theme	Stipa	48:52	arg1	fibers					40:45	pretreated Alfa fibers	24:45	pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	24:65	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	0	46	theme	Stipa	48:52	arg1	tenacissima					54:64	Stipa tenacissima	48:64	Stipa tenacissima	48:64	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	4	47	dep	conditions	926:935	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	47	dep	conditions	926:935	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	47	dep	conditions	926:935	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	5	48	theme	structural	1070:1079	arg1	modification					1081:1092	The structural modification	1066:1092	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification	1066:1133	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	4	49	theme	saccharification	864:879	arg1	yield					881:885	The maximum saccharification yield	852:885	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23%	852:895	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	50	theme	maximum	856:862	arg1	yield					881:885	The maximum saccharification yield	852:885	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23%	852:895	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	3	51	theme	enzymatic	785:793	arg1	saccharification					795:810	the enzymatic saccharification	781:810	the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF)	781:849	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	1	52	theme	agro-industrial	409:423	arg1	waste					425:429	an agro-industrial waste	406:429	an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose)	406:468	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	4	53	theme	enzyme	988:993	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	53	theme	enzyme	988:993	arg1	loading					995:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	enzyme loading	988:1001	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	0	54	from	fermentation	147:158	arg1	xylanase					93:100	xylanase	93:100	xylanase	93:100	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	0	54	from	fermentation	147:158	arg1	β-d-glucosidase					73:87	β-d-glucosidase	73:87	β-d-glucosidase	73:87	Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) using β-d-glucosidase and xylanase of Talaromyces thermophilus from solid-state fermentation.
28527996	2	55	theme	parameters	548:557	arg1	values					526:531	the optimal values	514:531	the optimal values of three other parameters	514:557	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	1	56	theme	waste	425:429	arg1	process					395:401	a solid state fermentation process	368:401	a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose)	368:468	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	2	57	theme	optimized	670:678	arg1	juice					690:694	an optimized enzymatic juice	667:694	an optimized enzymatic juice	667:694	The carbon source was firstly selected and the optimal values of three other parameters were determined: substrate loading (10g), moisture content (85%) and production time (10days); which led to an optimized enzymatic juice.
28527996	5	58	theme	macroscopic	1221:1231	arg1	representation					1233:1246	macroscopic representation	1221:1246	macroscopic representation	1221:1246	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	4	59	theme	optimized	916:924	arg1	conditions					926:935	optimized conditions	916:935	optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase)	916:1064	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	5	60	theme	morphologic	1167:1177	arg1	composition					1192:1202	morphologic and chemical composition	1167:1202	morphologic and chemical composition	1167:1202	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	4	61	theme	time	974:977	arg1	144h					979:982	time 144h	974:982	time 144h	974:982	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	4	61	theme	time	974:977	arg1	concentration					948:960	substrate concentration	938:960	substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v)	938:971	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	5	62	theme	chemical	1183:1190	arg1	composition					1192:1202	morphologic and chemical composition	1167:1202	morphologic and chemical composition	1167:1202	The structural modification of PAF due to enzymatic saccharification was supported by the changes of morphologic and chemical composition observed through macroscopic representation, FTIR and X-Ray analysis.
28527996	1	63	theme	Stipa	238:242	arg1	fibers					230:235	pretreated Alfa fibers	214:235	pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	214:255	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	1	63	theme	Stipa	238:242	arg1	tenacissima					244:254	Stipa tenacissima	238:254	Stipa tenacissima	238:254	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	4	64	theme	3.7	962:964	arg1	%					965:965	%	965:965	%	965:965	The maximum saccharification yield of 83.23% was achieved under optimized conditions (substrate concentration 3.7% (w/v), time 144h and enzyme loading of 0.8 FPU, 15U CMCase, 60U β-d-glucosidase and 125U xylanase).
28527996	1	65	theme	fibers	230:235	arg1	hydrolysis					200:209	an optimal hydrolysis	189:209	an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima)	189:255	This work aims at realizing an optimal hydrolysis of pretreated Alfa fibers (Stipa tenacissima) through the use of enzymes produced from Talaromyces thermophilus AX4, namely β-d-glucosidase and xylanase, by a solid state fermentation process of an agro-industrial waste (wheat bran supplemented with lactose).
28527996	3	66	theme	Alfa	833:836	arg1	PAF					846:848	PAF	846:848	PAF	846:848	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
28527996	3	66	theme	Alfa	833:836	arg1	fibers					838:843	alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers	815:843	alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF)	815:849	The outcome was then supplemented with cellulases of T. reesei and used to optimize the enzymatic saccharification of alkali-pretreated Alfa fibers (PAF).
27665169	0	0	theme	serotype	90:97	arg1	A					99:99	botulinum neurotoxin serotype A	69:99	botulinum neurotoxin serotype A	69:99	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	4	1	theme	CN	991:992	arg1	64-/3-					994:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	5	2	from	serum	1153:1157	arg1	specific					1071:1078	specific	1071:1078	specific	1071:1078	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	2	3	theme	BoNT/A	381:386	arg1	antibody					388:395	BoNT/A antibody	381:395	BoNT/A antibody	381:395	BoNT/A antibody was immobilized on glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification.
27665169	0	4	theme	neurotoxin	79:88	arg1	A					99:99	botulinum neurotoxin serotype A	69:99	botulinum neurotoxin serotype A	69:99	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	1	5	theme	novel	169:173	arg1	film					189:192	a novel nanocomposite film	167:192	a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan	167:245	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	1	6	theme	impedimetric	281:292	arg1	immunosensor					294:305	an impedimetric immunosensor	278:305	an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)	278:378	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	0	7	theme	A	99:99	arg1	detection					56:64	the label-free and direct detection	30:64	detection	56:64	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	4	8	theme	specific	866:873	arg1	immuno-interactions					875:893	the specific immuno-interactions	862:893	the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	862:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	5	9	theme	detection	1211:1219	arg1	limit					1221:1225	a detection limit	1209:1225	a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1	1209:1239	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	0	10	theme	nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan	110:140	arg1	composite					142:150	Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite	107:150	Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite	107:150	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	4	11	used	utilized	1006:1013	arg2	changes					846:852	The impedance changes	832:852	The impedance changes	832:852	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	3	12	theme	electron	603:610	arg1	TEM					624:626	TEM	624:626	TEM	624:626	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	12	theme	electron	603:610	arg1	microscopy					612:621	transmission electron microscopy	590:621	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	590:627	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	1	13	theme	nanocomposite	175:187	arg1	film					189:192	a novel nanocomposite film	167:192	a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan	167:245	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	0	14	theme	Au	107:108	arg1	composite					142:150	Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite	107:150	Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite	107:150	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	5	15	theme	BoNT/A	1108:1113	arg1	concentrations					1115:1128	logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations	1096:1128	logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations	1096:1128	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	4	16	theme	impedance	836:844	arg1	changes					846:852	The impedance changes	832:852	The impedance changes	832:852	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	2	17	theme	glassy	416:421	arg1	electrode					430:438	glassy carbon electrode	416:438	glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification	416:516	BoNT/A antibody was immobilized on glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification.
27665169	2	18	theme	signal	497:502	arg1	amplification					504:516	the signal amplification	493:516	the signal amplification	493:516	BoNT/A antibody was immobilized on glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification.
27665169	3	19	theme	cyclic	757:762	arg1	voltammetry					764:774	cyclic voltammetry	757:774	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	757:779	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	19	theme	cyclic	757:762	arg1	CV					777:778	CV	777:778	CV	777:778	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	4	20	theme	due	855:857	arg1	changes					846:852	The impedance changes	832:852	The impedance changes	832:852	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	4	21	theme	Fe	988:989	arg1	64-/3-					994:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	3	22	theme	scanning	630:637	arg1	SEM					660:662	SEM	660:662	SEM	660:662	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	22	theme	scanning	630:637	arg1	microscopy					648:657	scanning electron microscopy	630:657	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	630:663	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	5	23	theme	logarithmic	1096:1106	arg1	concentrations					1115:1128	logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations	1096:1128	logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations	1096:1128	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	0	24	theme	Impedimetric	0:11	arg1	immunosensor					13:24	Impedimetric immunosensor	0:24	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.	0:151	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	3	25	theme	electron	639:646	arg1	SEM					660:662	SEM	660:662	SEM	660:662	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	25	theme	electron	639:646	arg1	microscopy					648:657	scanning electron microscopy	630:657	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	630:663	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	2	26	theme	carbon	423:428	arg1	electrode					430:438	glassy carbon electrode	416:438	glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification	416:516	BoNT/A antibody was immobilized on glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification.
27665169	1	27	theme	rapid	313:317	arg1	immunoassay					333:343	a rapid and sensitive immunoassay	311:343	a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)	311:378	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	2	28	theme	Au	454:455	arg1	nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan					457:487	Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan	454:487	Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification	454:516	BoNT/A antibody was immobilized on glassy carbon electrode modified with Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan for the signal amplification.
27665169	3	29	dep	Fourier	722:728	arg1	transform					730:738	transform	730:738	transform infrared (FTIR)	730:754	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	1	30	theme	Au	212:213	arg1	nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan					215:245	the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan	208:245	the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan	208:245	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	4	31	theme	64-/3-	994:999	arg1	transfer					964:971	the electron transfer	951:971	the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	951:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	1	32	theme	sensitive	323:331	arg1	immunoassay					333:343	a rapid and sensitive immunoassay	311:343	a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)	311:378	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	4	33	theme	electron	955:962	arg1	transfer					964:971	the electron transfer	951:971	the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	951:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	5	34	with	specific	1071:1078	arg1	concentrations					1115:1128	logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations	1096:1128	logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations	1096:1128	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	0	35	theme	label-free	34:43	arg1	detection					56:64	the label-free and direct detection	30:64	detection	56:64	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	3	36	dep	infrared	740:747	arg1	FTIR					750:753	FTIR	750:753	FTIR	750:753	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	5	37	from	milk	1138:1141	arg1	specific					1071:1078	specific	1071:1078	specific	1071:1078	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	5	38	theme	0.11pgmL-1	1230:1239	arg1	limit					1221:1225	a detection limit	1209:1225	a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1	1209:1239	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	5	39	from	specific	1071:1078	arg1	serum					1153:1157	human serum	1147:1157	human serum	1147:1157	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	5	39	from	specific	1071:1078	arg1	PBS					1133:1135	PBS	1133:1135	PBS	1133:1135	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	5	39	from	specific	1071:1078	arg1	milk					1138:1141	milk	1138:1141	milk	1138:1141	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	5	40	theme	human	1147:1151	arg1	serum					1153:1157	human serum	1147:1157	human serum	1147:1157	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	5	41	theme	0.27-268pgmL-1	1168:1181	arg1	range					1183:1187	a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range	1166:1187	a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range	1166:1187	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	0	42	theme	direct	49:54	arg1	detection					56:64	the label-free and direct detection	30:64	detection	56:64	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	1	43	theme	botulinum	348:356	arg1	BoNT/A					372:377	BoNT/A	372:377	BoNT/A	372:377	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	1	43	theme	botulinum	348:356	arg1	A					369:369	botulinum neurotoxin A	348:369	botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)	348:378	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	4	44	from	surface	915:921	arg1	immuno-interactions					875:893	the specific immuno-interactions	862:893	the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	862:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	4	45	theme	redox	976:980	arg1	64-/3-					994:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	1	46	theme	neurotoxin	358:367	arg1	BoNT/A					372:377	BoNT/A	372:377	BoNT/A	372:377	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	1	46	theme	neurotoxin	358:367	arg1	A					369:369	botulinum neurotoxin A	348:369	botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)	348:378	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	3	47	theme	force	673:677	arg1	AFM					691:693	AFM	691:693	AFM	691:693	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	47	theme	force	673:677	arg1	microscopy					679:688	atomic force microscopy	666:688	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	666:694	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	4	48	theme	immunosensor	902:913	arg1	surface					915:921	the immunosensor surface	898:921	the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	898:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	3	49	theme	X-ray	697:701	arg1	diffraction					703:713	X-ray diffraction	697:713	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	697:719	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	49	theme	X-ray	697:701	arg1	XRD					716:718	XRD	716:718	XRD	716:718	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	50	theme	immunosensor	538:549	arg1	fabrication					523:533	The fabrication	519:533	The fabrication of immunosensor	519:549	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	0	51	theme	botulinum	69:77	arg1	A					99:99	botulinum neurotoxin serotype A	69:99	botulinum neurotoxin serotype A	69:99	Impedimetric immunosensor for the label-free and direct detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A using Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan composite.
27665169	5	52	from	PBS	1133:1135	arg1	specific					1071:1078	specific	1071:1078	specific	1071:1078	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	3	53	theme	electrochemical	786:800	arg1	spectroscopy					812:823	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	786:823	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	786:829	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	53	theme	electrochemical	786:800	arg1	EIS					826:828	EIS	826:828	EIS	826:828	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	4	54	theme	probe	982:986	arg1	64-/3-					994:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3-	976:999	The impedance changes, due to the specific immuno-interactions at the immunosensor surface that efficiently restricted the electron transfer of redox probe Fe(CN)64-/3- were utilized to detect BoNT/A.
27665169	1	55	theme	A	369:369	arg1	immunoassay					333:343	a rapid and sensitive immunoassay	311:343	a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A)	311:378	In this work, a novel nanocomposite film consisting of the Au nanoparticles/graphene-chitosan has been designed to construct an impedimetric immunosensor for a rapid and sensitive immunoassay of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A).
27665169	3	56	theme	atomic	666:671	arg1	AFM					691:693	AFM	691:693	AFM	691:693	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	56	theme	atomic	666:671	arg1	microscopy					679:688	atomic force microscopy	666:688	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	666:694	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	57	theme	transmission	590:601	arg1	TEM					624:626	TEM	624:626	TEM	624:626	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	57	theme	transmission	590:601	arg1	microscopy					612:621	transmission electron microscopy	590:621	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	590:627	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	5	58	dep	specific	1071:1078	arg1	targeted					1062:1069	targeted	1062:1069	targeted	1062:1069	The measurements were highly targeted specific and linear with logarithmic BoNT/A concentrations in PBS, milk and human serum across a 0.27-268pgmL-1 range and associated with a detection limit of 0.11pgmL-1.
27665169	3	59	theme	impedance	802:810	arg1	spectroscopy					812:823	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	786:823	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	786:829	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
27665169	3	59	theme	impedance	802:810	arg1	EIS					826:828	EIS	826:828	EIS	826:828	The fabrication of immunosensor was extensively characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26333548	6	0	theme	elastic	1175:1181	arg1	modulus					1183:1189	a higher elastic modulus	1166:1189	a higher elastic modulus	1166:1189	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	1	theme	excellent	1219:1227	arg1	biocompatibility					1229:1244	excellent biocompatibility	1219:1244	excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR))	1219:1470	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	1	2	theme	reduced	173:179	arg1	oxide					209:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	2	3	theme	building	453:460	arg1	product					355:361	The product	351:361	The product	351:361	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	3	theme	building	453:460	arg1	block					462:466	a reinforcing building block	439:466	a reinforcing building block	439:466	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	6	4	dep	proliferation	1291:1303	arg1	the					1287:1289	the	1287:1289	the	1287:1289	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	1	5	theme	tea	279:281	arg1	TP					295:296	TP	295:296	TP	295:296	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	1	5	theme	tea	279:281	arg1	polyphenol					283:292	tea polyphenol	279:292	tea polyphenol (TP)	279:297	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	7	6	from	TPG	1606:1608	arg1	fields					1624:1629	biological fields	1613:1629	biological fields	1613:1629	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	1	7	dep	water-soluble	142:154	arg1	one-step					157:164	one-step	157:164	one-step	157:164	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	6	8	theme	Runx2	1395:1399	arg1	expression					1373:1382	the expression	1369:1382	the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR))	1369:1470	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	5	9	theme	Runt-related	1020:1031	arg1	factor					1047:1052	Runt-related transcription factor	1020:1052	Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	1020:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	9	theme	Runt-related	1020:1031	arg1	Runx2					1055:1059	Runx2	1055:1059	Runx2	1055:1059	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	4	10	dep	strength	669:676	arg1	The					657:659	The	657:659	The	657:659	The tensile strength and elastic modulus of CS were greatly improved by TPG, as compared to the findings for GO incorporation.
26333548	5	11	theme	transcription	1033:1045	arg1	factor					1047:1052	Runt-related transcription factor	1020:1052	Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	1020:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	11	theme	transcription	1033:1045	arg1	Runx2					1055:1059	Runx2	1055:1059	Runx2	1055:1059	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	6	12	theme	better	1192:1197	arg1	hydrophilicity					1199:1212	better hydrophilicity	1192:1212	better hydrophilicity	1192:1212	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	5	13	theme	cell	916:919	arg1	cytotoxicity					921:932	cell cytotoxicity	916:932	cell cytotoxicity	916:932	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	14	theme	functions	869:877	arg1	analysis					842:849	an in-depth analysis	830:849	an in-depth analysis	830:849	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	14	theme	functions	869:877	arg1	study					821:825	this study	816:825	this study	816:825	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	1	15	theme	functionalized	185:198	arg1	oxide					209:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	7	16	theme	TPG	1528:1530	arg1	use					1521:1523	the use	1517:1523	the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials	1517:1566	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	5	17	theme	factor	1047:1052	arg1	functions					869:877	the osteoblast functions	854:877	the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	854:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	0	18	theme	Experimental	54:65	arg1	Platform					67:74	an Experimental Platform	51:74	an Experimental Platform with Improved Mechanical Behavior and Bioactivity	51:124	Tea Polyphenol-Functionalized Graphene/Chitosan as an Experimental Platform with Improved Mechanical Behavior and Bioactivity.
26333548	1	19	theme	graphene	200:207	arg1	oxide					209:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	6	20	theme	osteoblasts	1328:1338	arg1	differentiation					1309:1323	differentiation	1309:1323	differentiation	1309:1323	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	20	theme	osteoblasts	1328:1338	arg1	proliferation					1291:1303	proliferation	1291:1303	proliferation	1291:1303	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	7	21	from	application	1591:1601	arg1	fields					1624:1629	biological fields	1613:1629	biological fields	1613:1629	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	5	22	theme	CS/TPG	882:887	arg1	functions					869:877	the osteoblast functions	854:877	the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	854:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	7	23	theme	TPG	1606:1608	arg1	application					1591:1601	the application	1587:1601	the application of TPG in biological fields	1587:1629	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	6	24	theme	ALP	1387:1389	arg1	expression					1373:1382	the expression	1369:1382	the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR))	1369:1470	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	7	25	theme	biomaterials	1555:1566	arg1	modification					1539:1550	the modification	1535:1550	the modification of biomaterials	1535:1566	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	3	26	theme	various	630:636	arg1	characterizations					638:654	various characterizations	630:654	various characterizations	630:654	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite were examined by various characterizations.
26333548	7	27	from	fields	1624:1629	arg1	application					1591:1601	the application	1587:1601	the application of TPG in biological fields	1587:1629	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	5	28	theme	cellular	1111:1118	arg1	activity					1120:1127	cellular activity	1111:1127	cellular activity	1111:1127	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	29	theme	genes	981:985	arg1	proliferation					935:947	proliferation	935:947	proliferation	935:947	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	29	theme	genes	981:985	arg1	expression					954:963	expression	954:963	expression	954:963	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	29	theme	genes	981:985	arg1	cytotoxicity					921:932	cell cytotoxicity	916:932	cell cytotoxicity	916:932	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	30	theme	including	890:898	arg1	aspects					900:906	including aspects	890:906	including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes	890:985	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	30	theme	including	890:898	arg1	proliferation					935:947	proliferation	935:947	proliferation	935:947	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	30	theme	including	890:898	arg1	expression					954:963	expression	954:963	expression	954:963	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	30	theme	including	890:898	arg1	cytotoxicity					921:932	cell cytotoxicity	916:932	cell cytotoxicity	916:932	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	7	31	theme	new	1499:1501	arg1	prospects					1503:1511	new prospects	1499:1511	new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields	1499:1629	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	6	32	theme	accelerating	1356:1367	arg1	differentiation					1309:1323	differentiation	1309:1323	differentiation	1309:1323	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	32	theme	accelerating	1356:1367	arg1	proliferation					1291:1303	proliferation	1291:1303	proliferation	1291:1303	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	5	33	theme	aspects	900:906	arg1	functions					869:877	the osteoblast functions	854:877	the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	854:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	2	34	theme	reinforcing	441:451	arg1	product					355:361	The product	351:361	The product	351:361	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	34	theme	reinforcing	441:451	arg1	block					462:466	a reinforcing building block	439:466	a reinforcing building block	439:466	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	5	35	theme	osteoblast	858:867	arg1	functions					869:877	the osteoblast functions	854:877	the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	854:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	2	36	theme	chitosan	512:519	arg1	modification					476:487	the modification	472:487	the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS	472:532	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	4	37	dep	incorporation	769:781	arg1	GO					766:767	GO	766:767	GO	766:767	The tensile strength and elastic modulus of CS were greatly improved by TPG, as compared to the findings for GO incorporation.
26333548	6	38	theme	higher	1168:1173	arg1	modulus					1183:1189	a higher elastic modulus	1166:1189	a higher elastic modulus	1166:1189	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	39	theme	chain	1447:1451	arg1	RT-PCR					1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	39	theme	chain	1447:1451	arg1	reaction					1453:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1414:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1414:1469	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	2	40	theme	graphene	405:412	arg1	product					355:361	The product	351:361	The product	351:361	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	40	theme	graphene	405:412	arg1	TPG					421:423	TPG	421:423	TPG	421:423	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	40	theme	graphene	405:412	arg1	oxide					414:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide	382:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG)	382:424	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	41	theme	tea	382:384	arg1	product					355:361	The product	351:361	The product	351:361	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	41	theme	tea	382:384	arg1	TPG					421:423	TPG	421:423	TPG	421:423	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	41	theme	tea	382:384	arg1	oxide					414:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide	382:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG)	382:424	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	42	theme	weak	507:510	arg1	CS					522:523	CS	522:523	CS	522:523	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	42	theme	weak	507:510	arg1	TPG/CS					527:532	TPG/CS	527:532	TPG/CS	527:532	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	42	theme	weak	507:510	arg1	chitosan					512:519	a mechanically weak chitosan	492:519	a mechanically weak chitosan (CS)	492:524	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	3	43	theme	physicochemical	554:568	arg1	properties					585:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties	535:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite	535:611	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite were examined by various characterizations.
26333548	2	44	theme	polyphenol-reduced	386:403	arg1	product					355:361	The product	351:361	The product	351:361	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	44	theme	polyphenol-reduced	386:403	arg1	TPG					421:423	TPG	421:423	TPG	421:423	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	44	theme	polyphenol-reduced	386:403	arg1	oxide					414:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide	382:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG)	382:424	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	6	45	theme	pristine	1255:1262	arg1	chitosan					1264:1271	the pristine chitosan	1251:1271	the pristine chitosan	1251:1271	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	3	46	theme	composite	603:611	arg1	properties					585:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties	535:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite	535:611	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite were examined by various characterizations.
26333548	5	47	theme	ossification	968:979	arg1	genes					981:985	ossification genes	968:985	ossification genes	968:985	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	7	48	theme	biological	1613:1622	arg1	fields					1624:1629	biological fields	1613:1629	biological fields	1613:1629	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	6	49	dep	expression	1373:1382	arg1	shown					1405:1409	shown	1405:1409	shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1405:1469	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	3	50	theme	morphology	539:548	arg1	properties					585:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties	535:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite	535:611	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite were examined by various characterizations.
26333548	4	51	theme	elastic	682:688	arg1	modulus					690:696	elastic modulus	682:696	elastic modulus	682:696	The tensile strength and elastic modulus of CS were greatly improved by TPG, as compared to the findings for GO incorporation.
26333548	6	52	theme	polymerase	1436:1445	arg1	RT-PCR					1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	52	theme	polymerase	1436:1445	arg1	reaction					1453:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1414:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1414:1469	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	1	53	theme	reducing	320:327	arg1	agent					329:333	reducing agent	320:333	reducing agent	320:333	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	5	54	theme	alkaline	988:995	arg1	phosphatase					997:1007	alkaline phosphatase	988:1007	alkaline phosphatase (ALP)	988:1013	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	54	theme	alkaline	988:995	arg1	ALP					1010:1012	ALP	1010:1012	ALP	1010:1012	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	1	55	theme	water-soluble	142:154	arg1	oxide					209:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide	142:213	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	6	56	theme	transcription	1422:1434	arg1	RT-PCR					1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	56	theme	transcription	1422:1434	arg1	reaction					1453:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1414:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1414:1469	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	7	57	from	use	1521:1523	arg1	modification					1539:1550	the modification	1535:1550	the modification of biomaterials	1535:1566	These results may provide new prospects for the use of TPG in the modification of biomaterials and for broadening the application of TPG in biological fields.
26333548	5	58	theme	phosphatase	997:1007	arg1	functions					869:877	the osteoblast functions	854:877	the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2)	854:1060	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	1	59	dep	facile	234:239	arg1	environment-friendly					242:261	environment-friendly	242:261	environment-friendly	242:261	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	6	60	theme	reverse	1414:1420	arg1	RT-PCR					1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	RT-PCR	1463:1468	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	6	60	theme	reverse	1414:1420	arg1	reaction					1453:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction	1414:1460	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	1414:1469	It was concluded that TPG/CS showed a higher elastic modulus, better hydrophilicity, and excellent biocompatibility than the pristine chitosan for promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, as well as for accelerating the expression of ALP and Runx2 (as shown by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)).
26333548	4	61	theme	CS	701:702	arg1	strength					669:676	tensile strength	661:676	tensile strength	661:676	The tensile strength and elastic modulus of CS were greatly improved by TPG, as compared to the findings for GO incorporation.
26333548	4	61	theme	CS	701:702	arg1	modulus					690:696	elastic modulus	682:696	elastic modulus	682:696	The tensile strength and elastic modulus of CS were greatly improved by TPG, as compared to the findings for GO incorporation.
26333548	0	62	theme	Mechanical	90:99	arg1	Behavior					101:108	Improved Mechanical Behavior	81:108	Improved Mechanical Behavior	81:108	Tea Polyphenol-Functionalized Graphene/Chitosan as an Experimental Platform with Improved Mechanical Behavior and Bioactivity.
26333548	1	63	theme	facile	234:239	arg1	method					263:268	a facile, environment-friendly method	232:268	a facile, environment-friendly method	232:268	In this study, water-soluble, one-step highly reduced and functionalized graphene oxide was prepared via a facile, environment-friendly method by using tea polyphenol (TP), which acted as both reducing agent and stabilizer.
26333548	0	64	with	Platform	67:74	arg1	Behavior					101:108	Improved Mechanical Behavior	81:108	Improved Mechanical Behavior	81:108	Tea Polyphenol-Functionalized Graphene/Chitosan as an Experimental Platform with Improved Mechanical Behavior and Bioactivity.
26333548	0	64	with	Platform	67:74	arg1	Bioactivity					114:124	Bioactivity	114:124	Bioactivity	114:124	Tea Polyphenol-Functionalized Graphene/Chitosan as an Experimental Platform with Improved Mechanical Behavior and Bioactivity.
26333548	4	65	theme	tensile	661:667	arg1	strength					669:676	tensile strength	661:676	tensile strength	661:676	The tensile strength and elastic modulus of CS were greatly improved by TPG, as compared to the findings for GO incorporation.
26333548	0	66	theme	Improved	81:88	arg1	Behavior					101:108	Improved Mechanical Behavior	81:108	Improved Mechanical Behavior	81:108	Tea Polyphenol-Functionalized Graphene/Chitosan as an Experimental Platform with Improved Mechanical Behavior and Bioactivity.
26333548	2	67	used	used	431:434	arg2	product					355:361	The product	351:361	The product	351:361	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	67	used	used	431:434	arg2	oxide					414:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide	382:418	tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG)	382:424	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	2	67	used	used	431:434	arg2	block					462:466	a reinforcing building block	439:466	a reinforcing building block	439:466	The product obtained, that is, tea polyphenol-reduced graphene oxide (TPG), was used as a reinforcing building block for the modification of a mechanically weak chitosan (CS), TPG/CS.
26333548	3	68	theme	mechanical	574:583	arg1	properties					585:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties	535:594	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite	535:611	The morphology and physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite were examined by various characterizations.
26333548	5	69	theme	in-depth	833:840	arg1	analysis					842:849	an in-depth analysis	830:849	an in-depth analysis	830:849	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
26333548	5	69	theme	in-depth	833:840	arg1	study					821:825	this study	816:825	this study	816:825	Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is an in-depth analysis of the osteoblast functions of CS/TPG, including aspects such as cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, and expression of ossification genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), which showed advantages in favorably modulating cellular activity.
25565815	10	0	theme	studied	1565:1571	arg1	bacteria					1573:1580	the studied bacteria	1561:1580	the studied bacteria	1561:1580	The results indicated that the synthesized BNC is effective against all of the studied bacteria, and its effectiveness is higher for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
25565815	2	1	theme	ZnO	574:576	arg1	NPs					578:580	ZnO NPs	574:580	ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite	574:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	3	2	theme	electron	695:702	arg1	microscopy					704:713	scanning electron microscopy	686:713	scanning electron microscopy	686:713	The morphology of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.
25565815	1	3	theme	BNC	189:191	arg1	film					194:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film	139:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS)	139:286	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	7	4	theme	antioxidant	1113:1123	arg1	activity					1125:1132	the antioxidant activity	1109:1132	the antioxidant activity of nanocomposites	1109:1150	The results demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of nanocomposites increased remarkably by addition of ZnO NPs.
25565815	9	5	theme	antibacterial	1413:1425	arg1	activity					1427:1434	antibacterial activity	1413:1434	antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	1413:1483	The nanocomposites were analyzed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
25565815	8	6	theme	films	1228:1232	arg1	conductivity					1212:1223	The electrical conductivity	1197:1223	The electrical conductivity of films	1197:1232	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	3	7	theme	BNC	661:663	arg1	morphology					636:645	The morphology	632:645	The morphology of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC	632:663	The morphology of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.
25565815	1	8	theme	pyrrole	393:399	arg1	electrooxidation					367:382	electrooxidation	367:382	electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole	367:399	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	6	9	theme	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl	1042:1070	arg1	assay					1072:1076	the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay	1038:1076	the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay	1038:1076	The prepared nanocomposites were analyzed for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay.
25565815	0	10	theme	antibacterial	113:125	arg1	activities					127:136	antibacterial activities	113:136	antibacterial activities	113:136	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan bionanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.
25565815	1	11	theme	indium	325:330	arg1	substrate					354:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	7	12	theme	NPs	1192:1194	arg1	addition					1176:1183	addition	1176:1183	addition of ZnO NPs	1176:1194	The results demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of nanocomposites increased remarkably by addition of ZnO NPs.
25565815	2	13	theme	Ppy/CS	614:619	arg1	composite					621:629	the growing Ppy/CS composite	602:629	the growing Ppy/CS composite	602:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	11	14	theme	novel	1774:1778	arg1	applications					1780:1791	promising novel applications	1764:1791	promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1764:1859	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	14	theme	novel	1774:1778	arg1	NPs					1759:1761	ZnO NPs	1755:1761	ZnO NPs	1755:1761	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	1	15	theme	tin	332:334	arg1	substrate					354:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	2	16	theme	film	555:558	arg1	electrosynthesis					531:546	the room temperature electrosynthesis	510:546	the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite	510:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	1	17	theme	aqueous	404:410	arg1	solution					412:419	aqueous solution	404:419	aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	404:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	8	18	theme	higher	1340:1345	arg1	ratios					1347:1352	higher ratios	1340:1352	higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%)	1340:1373	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	8	18	theme	higher	1340:1345	arg1	%					1372:1372	10, 15, and 20 wt%	1355:1372	10, 15, and 20 wt%	1355:1372	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	11	19	from	increase	1723:1730	arg1	ratio					1746:1750	the weight ratio	1735:1750	the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1735:1940	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	1	20	theme	oxide	336:340	arg1	substrate					354:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	4	21	theme	thermogravimetric	850:866	arg1	analysis					868:875	thermogravimetric analysis	850:875	thermogravimetric analysis	850:875	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.
25565815	2	22	theme	growing	606:612	arg1	composite					621:629	the growing Ppy/CS composite	602:629	the growing Ppy/CS composite	602:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	8	23	theme	wt	1370:1371	arg1	ratios					1347:1352	higher ratios	1340:1352	higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%)	1340:1373	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	8	23	theme	wt	1370:1371	arg1	%					1372:1372	10, 15, and 20 wt%	1355:1372	10, 15, and 20 wt%	1355:1372	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	11	24	theme	conductive	1814:1823	arg1	nanocomposites					1846:1859	the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1797:1859	the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1797:1859	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	9	25	theme	Gram-positive	1444:1456	arg1	bacteria					1476:1483	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	1444:1483	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	1444:1483	The nanocomposites were analyzed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
25565815	3	26	theme	scanning	686:693	arg1	microscopy					704:713	scanning electron microscopy	686:713	scanning electron microscopy	686:713	The morphology of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.
25565815	7	27	theme	ZnO	1188:1190	arg1	NPs					1192:1194	ZnO NPs	1188:1194	ZnO NPs	1188:1194	The results demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of nanocomposites increased remarkably by addition of ZnO NPs.
25565815	8	28	theme	lower	1263:1267	arg1	ratios					1276:1281	lower weight ratios	1263:1281	lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%)	1263:1300	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	5	29	theme	electrical	882:891	arg1	conductivity					893:904	The electrical conductivity	878:904	The electrical conductivity of nanocomposites	878:922	The electrical conductivity of nanocomposites was investigated by a four-probe method.
25565815	0	30	theme	conductive	6:15	arg1	oxide/chitosan					34:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan	0:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan	0:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan bionanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.
25565815	1	31	theme	ITO	343:345	arg1	substrate					354:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	32	theme	appropriate	432:442	arg1	amounts					444:450	appropriate amounts	432:450	appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	432:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	32	theme	appropriate	432:442	arg1	NPs					459:461	ZnO NPs	455:461	ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	455:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	4	33	dep	transform	797:805	arg1	infrared					807:814	infrared	807:814	transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis	797:875	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.
25565815	0	34	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	oxide/chitosan					34:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan	0:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan	0:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan bionanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.
25565815	11	35	theme	promising	1764:1772	arg1	applications					1780:1791	promising novel applications	1764:1791	promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1764:1859	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	35	theme	promising	1764:1772	arg1	NPs					1759:1761	ZnO NPs	1755:1761	ZnO NPs	1755:1761	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	36	theme	weight	1739:1744	arg1	ratio					1746:1750	the weight ratio	1735:1750	the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1735:1940	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	4	37	theme	ITO-Ppy/CS	716:725	arg1	bioelectrodes					746:758	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes	716:758	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes	716:758	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.
25565815	4	38	dep	Fourier	789:795	arg1	transform					797:805	transform	797:805	transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis	797:875	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.
25565815	6	39	theme	antioxidant	1011:1021	arg1	activity					1023:1030	antioxidant activity	1011:1030	antioxidant activity	1011:1030	The prepared nanocomposites were analyzed for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay.
25565815	2	40	theme	room	514:517	arg1	temperature					519:529	the room temperature	510:529	the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite	510:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	0	41	theme	polypyrrole/zinc	17:32	arg1	oxide/chitosan					34:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan	0:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan	0:47	Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan bionanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities.
25565815	4	42	theme	ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS	731:744	arg1	bioelectrodes					746:758	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes	716:758	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes	716:758	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.
25565815	5	43	theme	nanocomposites	909:922	arg1	conductivity					893:904	The electrical conductivity	878:904	The electrical conductivity of nanocomposites	878:922	The electrical conductivity of nanocomposites was investigated by a four-probe method.
25565815	8	44	theme	NPs	1290:1292	arg1	ratios					1276:1281	lower weight ratios	1263:1281	lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%)	1263:1300	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	5	45	theme	four-probe	946:955	arg1	method					957:962	a four-probe method	944:962	a four-probe method	944:962	The electrical conductivity of nanocomposites was investigated by a four-probe method.
25565815	10	46	theme	synthesized	1517:1527	arg1	BNC					1529:1531	the synthesized BNC	1513:1531	the synthesized BNC	1513:1531	The results indicated that the synthesized BNC is effective against all of the studied bacteria, and its effectiveness is higher for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
25565815	10	46	theme	synthesized	1517:1527	arg1	effective					1536:1544	effective	1536:1544	effective	1536:1544	The results indicated that the synthesized BNC is effective against all of the studied bacteria, and its effectiveness is higher for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
25565815	1	47	theme	glass	348:352	arg1	substrate					354:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate	325:362	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	4	48	theme	X-ray	827:831	arg1	diffraction					833:843	X-ray diffraction	827:843	X-ray diffraction	827:843	ITO-Ppy/CS and ITO-Ppy/ZnO/CS bioelectrodes were characterized using the Fourier transform infrared technique, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis.
25565815	11	49	theme	BNCs	1937:1940	arg1	nature					1916:1921	the antimicrobial nature	1898:1921	the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1898:1940	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	50	theme	Ppy/ZnO/CS	1926:1935	arg1	BNCs					1937:1940	Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1926:1940	Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1926:1940	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	8	51	theme	ZnO	1286:1288	arg1	NPs					1290:1292	ZnO NPs	1286:1292	ZnO NPs (5 wt%)	1286:1300	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	8	51	theme	ZnO	1286:1288	arg1	%					1299:1299	5 wt%	1295:1299	5 wt%	1295:1299	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	7	52	theme	nanocomposites	1137:1150	arg1	activity					1125:1132	the antioxidant activity	1109:1132	the antioxidant activity of nanocomposites	1109:1150	The results demonstrated that the antioxidant activity of nanocomposites increased remarkably by addition of ZnO NPs.
25565815	11	53	theme	physical	1669:1676	arg1	properties					1678:1687	physical properties	1669:1687	physical properties	1669:1687	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	54	theme	ZnO	1755:1757	arg1	applications					1780:1791	promising novel applications	1764:1791	promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1764:1859	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	54	theme	ZnO	1755:1757	arg1	those					1875:1879	those	1875:1879	those	1875:1879	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	54	theme	ZnO	1755:1757	arg1	NPs					1759:1761	ZnO NPs	1755:1761	ZnO NPs	1755:1761	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	1	55	theme	ZnO	455:457	arg1	NPs					459:461	ZnO NPs	455:461	ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	455:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	11	56	theme	polysaccharide-based	1825:1844	arg1	nanocomposites					1846:1859	the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1797:1859	the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites	1797:1859	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	8	57	theme	sudden	1243:1248	arg1	decrease					1250:1257	a sudden decrease	1241:1257	a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%)	1241:1300	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	2	58	theme	BNC	551:553	arg1	film					555:558	BNC film	551:558	BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite	551:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	11	59	theme	films	1696:1700	arg1	properties					1678:1687	physical properties	1669:1687	physical properties	1669:1687	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	59	theme	films	1696:1700	arg1	stability					1655:1663	thermal stability	1647:1663	thermal stability	1647:1663	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	1	60	theme	NPs	459:461	arg1	amounts					444:450	appropriate amounts	432:450	appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	432:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	60	theme	NPs	459:461	arg1	NPs					459:461	ZnO NPs	455:461	ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	455:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	61	contain	containing	421:430	arg1	solution					412:419	aqueous solution	404:419	aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	404:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	61	contain	containing	421:430	arg2	NPs					459:461	ZnO NPs	455:461	ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	455:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	61	contain	containing	421:430	arg2	amounts					444:450	appropriate amounts	432:450	appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS	432:487	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	6	62	theme	prepared	969:976	arg1	nanocomposites					978:991	The prepared nanocomposites	965:991	The prepared nanocomposites	965:991	The prepared nanocomposites were analyzed for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay.
25565815	1	63	theme	antibacterial	142:154	arg1	film					194:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film	139:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS)	139:286	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	11	64	dep	stability	1655:1663	arg1	The					1643:1645	The	1643:1645	The	1643:1645	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	11	65	theme	antimicrobial	1902:1914	arg1	nature					1916:1921	the antimicrobial nature	1898:1921	the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1898:1940	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	8	66	theme	electrical	1201:1210	arg1	conductivity					1212:1223	The electrical conductivity	1197:1223	The electrical conductivity of films	1197:1232	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	3	67	theme	Ppy/ZnO/CS	650:659	arg1	BNC					661:663	Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC	650:663	Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC	650:663	The morphology of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.
25565815	11	68	theme	BNC	1692:1694	arg1	films					1696:1700	BNC films	1692:1700	BNC films	1692:1700	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	1	69	theme	zinc	232:235	arg1	ZnO					244:246	ZnO	244:246	ZnO	244:246	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	69	theme	zinc	232:235	arg1	oxide					237:241	zinc oxide	232:241	zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs)	232:267	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	2	70	theme	temperature	519:529	arg1	electrosynthesis					531:546	the room temperature electrosynthesis	510:546	the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite	510:629	This method enables the room temperature electrosynthesis of BNC film consisting of ZnO NPs incorporated within the growing Ppy/CS composite.
25565815	1	71	theme	0.1	387:389	arg1	M					391:391	M	391:391	M	391:391	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	11	72	theme	thermal	1647:1653	arg1	stability					1655:1663	thermal stability	1647:1663	thermal stability	1647:1663	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
25565815	1	73	theme	conductive	160:169	arg1	film					194:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film	139:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS)	139:286	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	74	theme	oxide	237:241	arg1	nanoparticles					249:261	zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles	232:261	zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs)	232:267	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	74	theme	oxide	237:241	arg1	NPs					264:266	NPs	264:266	NPs	264:266	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	75	theme	M	391:391	arg1	pyrrole					393:399	0.1 M pyrrole	387:399	0.1 M pyrrole	387:399	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	1	76	theme	bionanocomposite	171:186	arg1	film					194:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film	139:197	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS)	139:286	An antibacterial and conductive bionanocomposite (BNC) film consisting of polypyrrole (Ppy), zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), and chitosan (CS) was electrochemically synthesized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by electrooxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in aqueous solution containing appropriate amounts of ZnO NPs uniformly dispersed in CS.
25565815	8	77	theme	wt	1297:1298	arg1	NPs					1290:1292	ZnO NPs	1286:1292	ZnO NPs (5 wt%)	1286:1300	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	8	77	theme	wt	1297:1298	arg1	%					1299:1299	5 wt%	1295:1299	5 wt%	1295:1299	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	9	78	theme	Gram-negative	1462:1474	arg1	bacteria					1476:1483	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	1444:1483	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	1444:1483	The nanocomposites were analyzed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
25565815	8	79	theme	weight	1269:1274	arg1	ratios					1276:1281	lower weight ratios	1263:1281	lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%)	1263:1300	The electrical conductivity of films showed a sudden decrease for lower weight ratios of ZnO NPs (5 wt%), while it was increased gradually for higher ratios (10, 15, and 20 wt%).
25565815	11	80	theme	NPs	1759:1761	arg1	ratio					1746:1750	the weight ratio	1735:1750	the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs	1735:1940	The thermal stability and physical properties of BNC films were increased by an increase in the weight ratio of ZnO NPs, promising novel applications for the electrically conductive polysaccharide-based nanocomposites, particularly those that may exploit the antimicrobial nature of Ppy/ZnO/CS BNCs.
27481893	5	0	theme	wall	711:714	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	0	theme	wall	711:714	arg1	digestibility					747:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	0	theme	wall	711:714	arg1	epitopes/ligands					793:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	6	1	theme	glycosyltransferases	891:910	arg1	expression					874:883	expression	874:883	expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice	874:1043	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	3	2	dep	characterized	531:543	arg1	Oryza					584:588	Oryza	584:588	Oryza	584:588	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	9	3	theme	grass	1523:1527	arg1	walls					1534:1538	grass cell walls	1523:1538	grass cell walls	1523:1538	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	5	4	theme	chemical	716:723	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	4	theme	chemical	716:723	arg1	digestibility					747:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	4	theme	chemical	716:723	arg1	epitopes/ligands					793:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	4	5	from	points	635:640	arg1	post-germination					651:666	3-100 d post-germination	643:666	3-100 d post-germination	643:666	Kitaake) at 10 developmental time points, 3-100 d post-germination.
27481893	2	6	theme	genes	314:318	arg1	relationships					329:341	the relationships	325:341	the relationships among	325:347	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	2	6	theme	genes	314:318	arg1	functions					276:284	the functions	272:284	the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes	272:318	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	2	6	theme	genes	314:318	arg1	functions					357:365	the functions	353:365	the functions of cell wall components	353:389	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	9	7	from	use	1618:1620	arg1	production					1649:1658	lignocellulosic biofuel production	1625:1658	lignocellulosic biofuel production	1625:1658	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	9	7	from	use	1618:1620	arg1	agriculture					1664:1674	agriculture	1664:1674	agriculture	1664:1674	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	3	8	theme	wall	509:512	arg1	biosynthesis					514:525	grass cell wall biosynthesis	498:525	grass cell wall biosynthesis	498:525	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	9	9	theme	grasses	1606:1612	arg1	development					1570:1580	development	1570:1580	development of genetically improved grasses	1570:1612	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	9	10	theme	cell	1434:1437	arg1	composition					1444:1454	cell wall composition	1434:1454	cell wall composition	1434:1454	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	2	11	theme	wall	299:302	arg1	genes					314:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	9	12	theme	cell	1529:1532	arg1	walls					1534:1538	grass cell walls	1523:1538	grass cell walls	1523:1538	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	8	13	theme	mixed	1346:1350	arg1	glucan					1360:1365	mixed linkage glucan	1346:1365	mixed linkage glucan	1346:1365	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	8	13	theme	mixed	1346:1350	arg1	genes					1316:1320	genes	1316:1320	genes that synthesize xylans	1316:1343	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	4	14	theme	3-100 d	643:649	arg1	post-germination					651:666	3-100 d post-germination	643:666	3-100 d post-germination	643:666	Kitaake) at 10 developmental time points, 3-100 d post-germination.
27481893	3	15	theme	accumulation	454:465	arg1	patterns					432:439	the patterns	428:439	the patterns of cell wall accumulation	428:465	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	3	16	theme	cell	444:447	arg1	accumulation					454:465	cell wall accumulation	444:465	cell wall accumulation	444:465	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	3	17	theme	grass	498:502	arg1	biosynthesis					514:525	grass cell wall biosynthesis	498:525	grass cell wall biosynthesis	498:525	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	8	18	theme	gene	1259:1262	arg1	expression					1264:1273	gene expression	1259:1273	gene expression	1259:1273	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	2	19	theme	cell	370:373	arg1	components					380:389	cell wall components	370:389	cell wall components	370:389	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	9	20	theme	wall	1439:1442	arg1	composition					1444:1454	cell wall composition	1434:1454	cell wall composition	1434:1454	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	3	21	theme	cell	504:507	arg1	biosynthesis					514:525	grass cell wall biosynthesis	498:525	grass cell wall biosynthesis	498:525	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	8	22	theme	wall	1239:1242	arg1	components					1244:1253	cell wall components	1234:1253	cell wall components	1234:1253	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	0	23	theme	Wall	5:8	arg1	Composition					10:20	Cell Wall Composition	0:20	Cell Wall Composition	0:20	Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.
27481893	1	24	theme	Cell	90:93	arg1	walls					95:99	Cell walls	90:99	Cell walls	90:99	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	1	24	theme	Cell	90:93	arg1	crops					130:134	cereal crops	123:134	cereal crops	123:134	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	1	24	theme	Cell	90:93	arg1	grasses					148:154	biofuel grasses	140:154	biofuel grasses	140:154	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	7	25	theme	cell	1172:1175	arg1	walls					1177:1181	cell walls	1172:1181	cell walls	1172:1181	Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls.
27481893	4	26	theme	developmental	616:628	arg1	points					635:640	10 developmental time points	613:640	10 developmental time points	613:640	Kitaake) at 10 developmental time points, 3-100 d post-germination.
27481893	0	27	theme	Cell	0:3	arg1	Composition					10:20	Cell Wall Composition	0:20	Cell Wall Composition	0:20	Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.
27481893	7	28	theme	current	1147:1153	arg1	understanding					1155:1167	current understanding	1147:1167	current understanding of cell walls	1147:1181	Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls.
27481893	2	29	theme	cell	294:297	arg1	genes					314:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	5	30	theme	cell	768:771	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	30	theme	cell	768:771	arg1	epitopes/ligands					793:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	7	31	theme	cell	1051:1054	arg1	components					1061:1070	Most cell wall components	1046:1070	Most cell wall components	1046:1070	Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls.
27481893	9	32	theme	composition	1444:1454	arg1	analysis					1422:1429	an extensive analysis	1409:1429	an extensive analysis of cell wall composition	1409:1454	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	2	33	theme	many	289:292	arg1	genes					314:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	1	34	theme	plant	182:186	arg1	biomass					188:194	plant biomass	182:194	plant biomass	182:194	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	5	35	theme	wall	773:776	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	35	theme	wall	773:776	arg1	epitopes/ligands					793:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	6	36	theme	genes	959:963	arg1	genes					959:963	eight phenylpropanoid genes	937:963	eight phenylpropanoid genes	937:963	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	6	36	theme	genes	959:963	arg1	expression					874:883	expression	874:883	expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice	874:1043	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	6	36	theme	genes	959:963	arg1	many					966:969	many	966:969	many	966:969	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	7	37	theme	wall	1056:1059	arg1	components					1061:1070	Most cell wall components	1046:1070	Most cell wall components	1046:1070	Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls.
27481893	6	38	theme	reverse	837:843	arg1	transcription-PCR					845:861	quantitative reverse transcription-PCR	824:861	quantitative reverse transcription-PCR	824:861	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	1	39	theme	grasses	104:110	arg1	walls					95:99	Cell walls	90:99	Cell walls	90:99	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	1	39	theme	grasses	104:110	arg1	crops					130:134	cereal crops	123:134	cereal crops	123:134	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	1	39	theme	grasses	104:110	arg1	grasses					148:154	biofuel grasses	140:154	biofuel grasses	140:154	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	1	40	theme	biomass	188:194	arg1	majority					170:177	the majority	166:177	the majority of plant biomass	166:194	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	0	41	theme	Biosynthesis	36:47	arg1	Expression					54:63	Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression	26:63	Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression	26:63	Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.
27481893	6	42	theme	phenylpropanoid	943:957	arg1	genes					959:963	eight phenylpropanoid genes	937:963	eight phenylpropanoid genes	937:963	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	6	43	theme	quantitative	824:835	arg1	transcription-PCR					845:861	quantitative reverse transcription-PCR	824:861	quantitative reverse transcription-PCR	824:861	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	3	44	theme	aerial	561:566	arg1	organs					568:573	aerial organs	561:573	aerial organs of rice	561:581	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	3	45	from	organs	568:573	arg1	samples					548:554	30 samples	545:554	30 samples from aerial organs of rice	545:581	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	2	46	theme	components	380:389	arg1	relationships					329:341	the relationships	325:341	the relationships among	325:347	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	2	46	theme	components	380:389	arg1	functions					276:284	the functions	272:284	the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes	272:318	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	2	46	theme	components	380:389	arg1	functions					357:365	the functions	353:365	the functions of cell wall components	353:389	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	0	47	theme	Candidate	26:34	arg1	Expression					54:63	Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression	26:63	Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression	26:63	Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.
27481893	6	48	used	used	819:822	arg2	We					811:812	We	811:812	We	811:812	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	9	49	theme	likely	1502:1507	arg1	genes					1496:1500	genes	1496:1500	genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls	1496:1538	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	2	50	theme	wall	375:378	arg1	components					380:389	cell wall components	370:389	cell wall components	370:389	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	5	51	theme	enzymatic	737:745	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	51	theme	enzymatic	737:745	arg1	digestibility					747:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	8	52	theme	significant	1201:1211	arg1	correlations					1213:1224	92 significant correlations	1198:1224	92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression	1198:1273	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	8	53	theme	pectin	1371:1376	arg1	components					1378:1387	pectin components	1371:1387	pectin components	1371:1387	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	8	53	theme	pectin	1371:1376	arg1	genes					1316:1320	genes	1316:1320	genes that synthesize xylans	1316:1343	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	7	54	theme	Most	1046:1049	arg1	components					1061:1070	Most cell wall components	1046:1070	Most cell wall components	1046:1070	Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls.
27481893	0	55	theme	Gene	49:52	arg1	Expression					54:63	Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression	26:63	Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression	26:63	Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.
27481893	6	56	theme	acyltransferases	916:931	arg1	expression					874:883	expression	874:883	expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice	874:1043	We also used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases and eight phenylpropanoid genes, many of which had previously been identified as being highly expressed in rice.
27481893	3	57	theme	wall	449:452	arg1	accumulation					454:465	cell wall accumulation	444:465	cell wall accumulation	444:465	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	9	58	theme	lignocellulosic	1625:1639	arg1	production					1649:1658	lignocellulosic biofuel production	1625:1658	lignocellulosic biofuel production	1625:1658	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	8	59	theme	strong	1294:1299	arg1	hypotheses					1301:1310	nine strong hypotheses	1289:1310	nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components	1289:1387	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	9	60	theme	biofuel	1641:1647	arg1	production					1649:1658	lignocellulosic biofuel production	1625:1658	lignocellulosic biofuel production	1625:1658	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	4	61	theme	time	630:633	arg1	points					635:640	10 developmental time points	613:640	10 developmental time points	613:640	Kitaake) at 10 developmental time points, 3-100 d post-germination.
27481893	1	62	theme	cereal	123:128	arg1	crops					130:134	cereal crops	123:134	cereal crops	123:134	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	9	63	theme	improved	1597:1604	arg1	grasses					1606:1612	genetically improved grasses	1585:1612	genetically improved grasses	1585:1612	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	8	64	theme	linkage	1352:1358	arg1	glucan					1360:1365	mixed linkage glucan	1346:1365	mixed linkage glucan	1346:1365	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	8	64	theme	linkage	1352:1358	arg1	genes					1316:1320	genes	1316:1320	genes that synthesize xylans	1316:1343	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	2	65	theme	synthesis	304:312	arg1	genes					314:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	many cell wall synthesis genes	289:318	However, the functions of many cell wall synthesis genes, and the relationships among and the functions of cell wall components remain obscure.
27481893	8	66	theme	cell	1234:1237	arg1	components					1244:1253	cell wall components	1234:1253	cell wall components	1234:1253	We identified 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression and establish nine strong hypotheses for genes that synthesize xylans, mixed linkage glucan and pectin components.
27481893	1	67	theme	plant	221:225	arg1	growth					227:232	plant growth	221:232	plant growth	221:232	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	0	68	theme	Rice	72:75	arg1	Development					77:87	Rice Development	72:87	Rice Development	72:87	Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.
27481893	3	69	dep	Oryza	584:588	arg1	sativa					590:595	Oryza sativa	584:595	Oryza sativa cv	584:598	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	3	69	dep	Oryza	584:588	arg1	cv					597:598	cv	597:598	cv	597:598	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	5	70	theme	polysaccharide	778:791	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	70	theme	polysaccharide	778:791	arg1	epitopes/ligands					793:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	71	theme	cell	706:709	arg1	components					725:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	15 cell wall chemical components	703:734	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	71	theme	cell	706:709	arg1	digestibility					747:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	enzymatic digestibility	737:759	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	5	71	theme	cell	706:709	arg1	epitopes/ligands					793:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands	765:808	Within these samples, we measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility and 18 cell wall polysaccharide epitopes/ligands.
27481893	9	72	theme	rice	1467:1470	arg1	development					1472:1482	rice development	1467:1482	rice development	1467:1482	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27481893	3	73	theme	rice	578:581	arg1	organs					568:573	aerial organs	561:573	aerial organs of rice	561:581	To better understand the patterns of cell wall accumulation and identify genes that act in grass cell wall biosynthesis, we characterized 30 samples from aerial organs of rice (Oryza sativa cv.
27481893	1	74	theme	biofuel	140:146	arg1	grasses					148:154	biofuel grasses	140:154	biofuel grasses	140:154	Cell walls of grasses, including cereal crops and biofuel grasses, comprise the majority of plant biomass and intimately influence plant growth, development and physiology.
27481893	7	75	theme	walls	1177:1181	arg1	understanding					1155:1167	current understanding	1147:1167	current understanding of cell walls	1147:1181	Most cell wall components vary significantly during development, and correlations among them support current understanding of cell walls.
27481893	9	76	theme	extensive	1412:1420	arg1	analysis					1422:1429	an extensive analysis	1409:1429	an extensive analysis of cell wall composition	1409:1454	This work provides an extensive analysis of cell wall composition throughout rice development, identifies genes likely to synthesize grass cell walls, and provides a framework for development of genetically improved grasses for use in lignocellulosic biofuel production and agriculture.
27411301	1	0	theme	apical	315:320	arg1	tillers					322:328	apical tillers	315:328	apical tillers	315:328	Biomass accumulated preferentially in leaves of the sweet sorghum Della until floral initiation, then stems until anthesis, followed by panicles until grain maturity, and apical tillers.
27411301	7	1	theme	dry	1202:1204	arg1	weight					1206:1211	the stem's dry weight	1191:1211	the stem's dry weight	1191:1211	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	6	2	theme	CESA	953:956	arg1	genes					958:962	CESA genes	953:962	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	953:1016	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	2	3	theme	stem	339:342	arg1	profiles					366:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	7	4	theme	other	1122:1126	arg1	carbohydrates					1143:1155	other non-structural carbohydrates	1122:1155	other non-structural carbohydrates	1122:1155	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	9	5	theme	cell	1493:1496	arg1	synthesis					1503:1511	stem cell wall synthesis	1488:1511	stem cell wall synthesis	1488:1511	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	0	6	theme	wall	61:64	arg1	biosynthesis					66:77	cell wall biosynthesis	56:77	cell wall biosynthesis	56:77	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	7	7	theme	weight	1206:1211	arg1	%					1186:1186	approximately 50%	1170:1186	approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight	1170:1211	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	7	7	theme	weight	1206:1211	arg1	weight					1206:1211	the stem's dry weight	1191:1211	the stem's dry weight	1191:1211	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	2	8	theme	Sorghum	331:337	arg1	profiles					366:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	9	9	theme	wall	1498:1501	arg1	synthesis					1503:1511	stem cell wall synthesis	1488:1511	stem cell wall synthesis	1488:1511	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	8	10	theme	Stem	1214:1217	arg1	accumulation					1227:1238	Stem sucrose accumulation	1214:1238	Stem sucrose accumulation	1214:1238	Stem sucrose accumulation was inversely correlated with >100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase.
27411301	6	11	theme	primary	976:982	arg1	synthesis					1008:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	9	12	from	sucrose	1633:1639	arg1	UDP-glucose					1616:1626	UDP-glucose	1616:1626	UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1616:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	10	13	theme	linkage	1685:1691	arg1	CSLF					1711:1714	CSLF	1711:1714	CSLF	1711:1714	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	10	13	theme	linkage	1685:1691	arg1	synthesis					1700:1708	mixed linkage glucan synthesis	1679:1708	mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF)	1679:1715	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	9	14	theme	stem	1421:1424	arg1	growth					1426:1431	stem growth	1421:1431	stem growth	1421:1431	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	15	theme	decreased	1446:1454	arg1	expression					1456:1465	decreased expression	1446:1465	decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis	1446:1511	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	5	16	theme	cellulose	797:805	arg1	synthesis					784:792	the synthesis	780:792	the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan	780:840	Genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan were expressed at elevated levels in stems until approximately 7 days before anthesis and then down-regulated.
27411301	4	17	theme	xyloglucan	644:653	arg1	endotransglucosylase/hydrolases					655:685	xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases	644:685	xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases	644:685	Genes encoding expansins and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases were differentially expressed in growing stem internodes.
27411301	8	18	theme	vacuolar	1325:1332	arg1	invertase					1334:1342	a vacuolar invertase	1323:1342	a vacuolar invertase	1323:1342	Stem sucrose accumulation was inversely correlated with >100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase.
27411301	0	19	theme	sucrose	84:90	arg1	accumulation					92:103	sucrose accumulation	84:103	sucrose accumulation	84:103	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	5	20	from	levels	869:874	arg1	stems					879:883	stems	879:883	stems	879:883	Genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan were expressed at elevated levels in stems until approximately 7 days before anthesis and then down-regulated.
27411301	9	21	from	anthesis	1436:1443	arg1	cessation					1399:1407	cessation	1399:1407	cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1399:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	3	22	theme	stem	557:560	arg1	growth					562:567	stem growth	557:567	stem growth	557:567	The analysis identified >200 differentially expressed genes involved in stem growth, cell wall biology, and sucrose accumulation.
27411301	2	23	theme	composition	379:389	arg1	data					391:394	composition data	379:394	composition data	379:394	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	10	24	theme	glucan	1693:1698	arg1	CSLF					1711:1714	CSLF	1711:1714	CSLF	1711:1714	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	10	24	theme	glucan	1693:1698	arg1	synthesis					1700:1708	mixed linkage glucan synthesis	1679:1708	mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF)	1679:1715	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	5	25	theme	glucuronoarabinoxylan	820:840	arg1	synthesis					784:792	the synthesis	780:792	the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan	780:840	Genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan were expressed at elevated levels in stems until approximately 7 days before anthesis and then down-regulated.
27411301	5	26	theme	lignin	808:813	arg1	synthesis					784:792	the synthesis	780:792	the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan	780:840	Genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan were expressed at elevated levels in stems until approximately 7 days before anthesis and then down-regulated.
27411301	9	27	theme	wall	1650:1653	arg1	biosynthesis					1655:1666	cell wall biosynthesis	1645:1666	cell wall biosynthesis	1645:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	7	28	theme	non-structural	1128:1141	arg1	carbohydrates					1143:1155	other non-structural carbohydrates	1122:1155	other non-structural carbohydrates	1122:1155	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	4	29	theme	stem	728:731	arg1	internodes					733:742	growing stem internodes	720:742	growing stem internodes	720:742	Genes encoding expansins and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases were differentially expressed in growing stem internodes.
27411301	2	30	theme	development	441:451	arg1	100 days					429:436	approximately 100 days	415:436	approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation	415:482	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	6	31	theme	expression	1056:1065	arg1	patterns					1044:1051	different temporal patterns	1025:1051	different temporal patterns of expression	1025:1065	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	4	32	theme	growing	720:726	arg1	internodes					733:742	growing stem internodes	720:742	growing stem internodes	720:742	Genes encoding expansins and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases were differentially expressed in growing stem internodes.
27411301	0	33	theme	partitioning	20:31	arg1	Dynamics					0:7	Dynamics	0:7	Dynamics	0:7	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	9	34	theme	growth	1426:1431	arg1	cessation					1399:1407	cessation	1399:1407	cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1399:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	3	35	theme	cell	570:573	arg1	biology					580:586	cell wall biology	570:586	cell wall biology	570:586	The analysis identified >200 differentially expressed genes involved in stem growth, cell wall biology, and sucrose accumulation.
27411301	9	36	from	expression	1456:1465	arg1	cessation					1399:1407	cessation	1399:1407	cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1399:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	0	37	theme	biomass	12:18	arg1	partitioning					20:31	biomass partitioning	12:31	biomass partitioning	12:31	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	7	38	theme	carbohydrates	1143:1155	arg1	level					1101:1105	the level	1097:1105	the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates	1097:1155	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	9	39	from	expression	1546:1555	arg1	cessation					1399:1407	cessation	1399:1407	cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1399:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	3	40	theme	wall	575:578	arg1	biology					580:586	cell wall biology	570:586	cell wall biology	570:586	The analysis identified >200 differentially expressed genes involved in stem growth, cell wall biology, and sucrose accumulation.
27411301	6	41	theme	secondary	988:996	arg1	synthesis					1008:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	1	42	theme	sweet	196:200	arg1	Della					210:214	the sweet sorghum Della	192:214	the sweet sorghum Della	192:214	Biomass accumulated preferentially in leaves of the sweet sorghum Della until floral initiation, then stems until anthesis, followed by panicles until grain maturity, and apical tillers.
27411301	6	43	theme	temporal	1035:1042	arg1	patterns					1044:1051	different temporal patterns	1025:1051	different temporal patterns of expression	1025:1065	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	0	44	theme	Sorghum	127:133	arg1	bicolor					135:141	Sorghum bicolor	127:141	Sorghum bicolor	127:141	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	9	45	theme	SbSUS4	1560:1565	arg1	anthesis					1436:1443	anthesis	1436:1443	anthesis	1436:1443	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	45	theme	SbSUS4	1560:1565	arg1	expression					1456:1465	decreased expression	1446:1465	decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis	1446:1511	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	45	theme	SbSUS4	1560:1565	arg1	expression					1546:1555	approximately 10-fold lower expression	1518:1555	approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1518:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	46	theme	lower	1540:1544	arg1	expression					1546:1555	approximately 10-fold lower expression	1518:1555	approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1518:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	1	47	theme	sorghum	202:208	arg1	Della					210:214	the sweet sorghum Della	192:214	the sweet sorghum Della	192:214	Biomass accumulated preferentially in leaves of the sweet sorghum Della until floral initiation, then stems until anthesis, followed by panicles until grain maturity, and apical tillers.
27411301	6	48	theme	different	1025:1033	arg1	patterns					1044:1051	different temporal patterns	1025:1051	different temporal patterns of expression	1025:1065	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	11	49	theme	regulatory	1860:1869	arg1	dynamics					1871:1878	regulatory dynamics	1860:1878	regulatory dynamics	1860:1878	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	8	50	theme	sucrose	1219:1225	arg1	accumulation					1227:1238	Stem sucrose accumulation	1214:1238	Stem sucrose accumulation	1214:1238	Stem sucrose accumulation was inversely correlated with >100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase.
27411301	8	51	theme	SbVIN1	1299:1304	arg1	down-regulation					1280:1294	>100-fold down-regulation	1270:1294	>100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase	1270:1342	Stem sucrose accumulation was inversely correlated with >100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase.
27411301	2	52	theme	floral	466:471	arg1	initiation					473:482	floral initiation	466:482	floral initiation	466:482	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	1	53	theme	grain	295:299	arg1	maturity					301:308	grain maturity	295:308	grain maturity	295:308	Biomass accumulated preferentially in leaves of the sweet sorghum Della until floral initiation, then stems until anthesis, followed by panicles until grain maturity, and apical tillers.
27411301	5	54	theme	elevated	860:867	arg1	levels					869:874	elevated levels	860:874	elevated levels in stems	860:883	Genes encoding enzymes involved in the synthesis of cellulose, lignin, and glucuronoarabinoxylan were expressed at elevated levels in stems until approximately 7 days before anthesis and then down-regulated.
27411301	11	55	theme	improved	1965:1972	arg1	conversion					1974:1983	improved conversion	1965:1983	improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products	1965:2012	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	9	56	theme	leaf	1412:1415	arg1	cessation					1399:1407	cessation	1399:1407	cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1399:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	11	57	theme	sorghum	1936:1942	arg1	composition					1949:1959	sorghum stem composition	1936:1959	sorghum stem composition	1936:1959	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	0	58	theme	gene	39:42	arg1	expression					44:53	gene expression	39:53	gene expression	39:53	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	0	59	theme	bicolor	135:141	arg1	development					112:122	development	112:122	development of Sorghum bicolor	112:141	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	10	60	theme	high	1748:1751	arg1	levels					1753:1758	high levels	1748:1758	high levels	1748:1758	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	3	61	theme	sucrose	593:599	arg1	accumulation					601:612	sucrose accumulation	593:612	sucrose accumulation	593:612	The analysis identified >200 differentially expressed genes involved in stem growth, cell wall biology, and sucrose accumulation.
27411301	3	62	theme	expressed	529:537	arg1	genes					539:543	>200 differentially expressed genes	509:543	>200 differentially expressed genes involved in stem growth, cell wall biology, and sucrose accumulation	509:612	The analysis identified >200 differentially expressed genes involved in stem growth, cell wall biology, and sucrose accumulation.
27411301	11	63	theme	stem	1944:1947	arg1	composition					1949:1959	sorghum stem composition	1936:1959	sorghum stem composition	1936:1959	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	6	64	theme	wall	1003:1006	arg1	synthesis					1008:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	7	65	theme	sucrose	1110:1116	arg1	level					1101:1105	the level	1097:1105	the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates	1097:1155	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	11	66	theme	stem	1806:1809	arg1	resource					1833:1840	the stem transcription profile resource	1802:1840	the stem transcription profile resource	1802:1840	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	11	66	theme	stem	1806:1809	arg1	useful					1913:1918	useful	1913:1918	useful	1913:1918	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	9	67	theme	genes	1470:1474	arg1	anthesis					1436:1443	anthesis	1436:1443	anthesis	1436:1443	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	67	theme	genes	1470:1474	arg1	expression					1456:1465	decreased expression	1446:1465	decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis	1446:1511	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	67	theme	genes	1470:1474	arg1	expression					1546:1555	approximately 10-fold lower expression	1518:1555	approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1518:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	68	theme	cell	1645:1648	arg1	biosynthesis					1655:1666	cell wall biosynthesis	1645:1666	cell wall biosynthesis	1645:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	9	69	theme	stem	1361:1364	arg1	sucrose					1366:1372	stem sucrose	1361:1372	stem sucrose	1361:1372	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	8	70	theme	>100-fold	1270:1278	arg1	down-regulation					1280:1294	>100-fold down-regulation	1270:1294	>100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase	1270:1342	Stem sucrose accumulation was inversely correlated with >100-fold down-regulation of SbVIN1, a gene encoding a vacuolar invertase.
27411301	7	71	theme	floral	1078:1083	arg1	initiation					1085:1094	floral initiation	1078:1094	floral initiation	1078:1094	Following floral initiation, the level of sucrose and other non-structural carbohydrates increased to approximately 50% of the stem's dry weight.
27411301	9	72	theme	sucrose	1584:1590	arg1	synthase					1592:1599	sucrose synthase	1584:1599	sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis	1584:1666	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	1	73	theme	floral	222:227	arg1	initiation					229:238	floral initiation	222:238	floral initiation	222:238	Biomass accumulated preferentially in leaves of the sweet sorghum Della until floral initiation, then stems until anthesis, followed by panicles until grain maturity, and apical tillers.
27411301	0	74	theme	cell	56:59	arg1	biosynthesis					66:77	cell wall biosynthesis	56:77	cell wall biosynthesis	56:77	Dynamics of biomass partitioning, stem gene expression, cell wall biosynthesis, and sucrose accumulation during development of Sorghum bicolor.
27411301	9	75	theme	sucrose	1366:1372	arg1	Accumulation					1345:1356	Accumulation	1345:1356	Accumulation of stem sucrose	1345:1372	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27411301	10	76	theme	mixed	1679:1683	arg1	CSLF					1711:1714	CSLF	1711:1714	CSLF	1711:1714	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	10	76	theme	mixed	1679:1683	arg1	synthesis					1700:1708	mixed linkage glucan synthesis	1679:1708	mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF)	1679:1715	Genes for mixed linkage glucan synthesis (CSLF) and turnover were expressed at high levels in stems throughout development.
27411301	2	77	theme	transcriptome	352:364	arg1	profiles					366:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	11	78	dep	genes	1850:1854	arg1	the					1846:1848	the	1846:1848	the	1846:1848	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	11	79	theme	transcription	1811:1823	arg1	resource					1833:1840	the stem transcription profile resource	1802:1840	the stem transcription profile resource	1802:1840	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	11	79	theme	transcription	1811:1823	arg1	useful					1913:1918	useful	1913:1918	useful	1913:1918	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	6	80	theme	cell	998:1001	arg1	synthesis					1008:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	primary and secondary cell wall synthesis	976:1016	CESA genes involved in primary and secondary cell wall synthesis showed different temporal patterns of expression.
27411301	11	81	theme	profile	1825:1831	arg1	resource					1833:1840	the stem transcription profile resource	1802:1840	the stem transcription profile resource	1802:1840	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	11	81	theme	profile	1825:1831	arg1	useful					1913:1918	useful	1913:1918	useful	1913:1918	Overall, the stem transcription profile resource and the genes and regulatory dynamics identified in this study will be useful for engineering sorghum stem composition for improved conversion to biofuels and bio-products.
27411301	2	82	theme	RNA-seq	344:350	arg1	profiles					366:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles	331:373	Sorghum stem RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and composition data were collected for approximately 100 days of development beginning at floral initiation.
27411301	9	83	theme	stem	1488:1491	arg1	synthesis					1503:1511	stem cell wall synthesis	1488:1511	stem cell wall synthesis	1488:1511	Accumulation of stem sucrose was also correlated with cessation of leaf and stem growth at anthesis, decreased expression of genes involved in stem cell wall synthesis, and approximately 10-fold lower expression of SbSUS4, a gene encoding sucrose synthase that generates UDP-glucose from sucrose for cell wall biosynthesis.
27577917	0	0	theme	antibacterial	76:88	arg1	properties					90:99	antibacterial properties	76:99	antibacterial properties	76:99	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	1	1	theme	cross-linking	324:336	arg1	agent					338:342	a cross-linking agent	322:342	a cross-linking agent	322:342	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	1	theme	cross-linking	324:336	arg1	gum					220:222	Tragacanth gum	209:222	Tragacanth gum	209:222	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	2	with	fabric	153:158	arg1	hydrogel					165:172	hydrogel	165:172	hydrogel	165:172	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	2	with	fabric	153:158	arg1	properties					192:201	antimicrobial properties	178:201	antimicrobial properties	178:201	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	4	3	theme	nano	714:717	arg1	silver					719:724	nano silver and hydrogel layer	714:743	silver	719:724	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	1	4	theme	hydrogel	250:257	arg1	properties					259:268	hydrogel properties	250:268	hydrogel properties	250:268	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	2	5	dep	moisture	457:464	arg1	regain					466:471	regain	466:471	regain	466:471	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	7	6	theme	water	1087:1091	arg1	properties					1104:1113	good water absorption properties	1082:1113	good water absorption properties	1082:1113	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	5	7	theme	FTIR	900:903	arg1	spectra					905:911	FTIR spectra	900:911	FTIR spectra	900:911	The chemical structure of the fabric samples was identified with FTIR spectra.
27577917	4	8	from	formation	701:709	arg1	surface					759:765	the fabric surface	748:765	the fabric surface	748:765	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	7	9	theme	reasonable	1126:1135	arg1	effectiveness					1151:1163	reasonable antibacterial effectiveness	1126:1163	reasonable antibacterial effectiveness	1126:1163	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	2	10	theme	at	520:521	arg1	condition					528:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	11	theme	fabric	513:518	arg1	condition					528:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	1	12	theme	sodium	348:353	arg1	hypophosphite					355:367	sodium hypophosphite	348:367	sodium hypophosphite	348:367	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	13	theme	silver	271:276	arg1	polymer					237:243	a natural polymer	227:243	a natural polymer with hydrogel properties	227:268	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	13	theme	silver	271:276	arg1	nitrate					278:284	silver nitrate	271:284	silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid	271:317	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	2	14	theme	wetted	506:511	arg1	condition					528:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	7	15	theme	absorption	1093:1102	arg1	properties					1104:1113	good water absorption properties	1082:1113	good water absorption properties	1082:1113	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	5	16	theme	fabric	865:870	arg1	samples					872:878	the fabric samples	861:878	the fabric samples	861:878	The chemical structure of the fabric samples was identified with FTIR spectra.
27577917	2	17	theme	absorption	392:401	arg1	behavior					403:410	The water absorption behavior	382:410	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics	382:433	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	6	18	theme	statistical	962:972	arg1	modelling					974:982	statistical modelling	962:982	statistical modelling	962:982	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	2	19	theme	water	474:478	arg1	retention					480:488	water retention	474:488	water retention	474:488	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	20	theme	water	386:390	arg1	behavior					403:410	The water absorption behavior	382:410	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics	382:433	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	0	21	theme	gum/nano	11:18	arg1	hydrogel					27:34	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel	0:34	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.	0:100	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	7	22	theme	good	1082:1085	arg1	properties					1104:1113	good water absorption properties	1082:1113	good water absorption properties	1082:1113	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	7	23	theme	treated	1052:1058	arg1	fabrics					1067:1073	The treated cotton fabrics	1048:1073	The treated cotton fabrics	1048:1073	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	1	24	theme	antimicrobial	178:190	arg1	properties					192:201	antimicrobial properties	178:201	antimicrobial properties	178:201	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	0	25	theme	Tragacanth	0:9	arg1	hydrogel					27:34	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel	0:34	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.	0:100	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	6	26	theme	composite	926:934	arg1	CCD					944:946	CCD	944:946	CCD	944:946	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	6	26	theme	composite	926:934	arg1	design					936:941	The central composite design	914:941	The central composite design (CCD)	914:947	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	3	27	theme	Antibacterial	566:578	arg1	properties					580:589	Antibacterial properties	566:589	Antibacterial properties of the samples	566:604	Antibacterial properties of the samples were evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcous aureus.
27577917	4	28	theme	SEM	678:680	arg1	pictures					682:689	The SEM pictures	674:689	The SEM pictures	674:689	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	2	29	theme	vertical	542:549	arg1	tests					559:563	vertical wicking tests	542:563	vertical wicking tests	542:563	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	30	theme	treated	419:425	arg1	fabrics					427:433	the treated fabrics	415:433	the treated fabrics	415:433	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	0	31	theme	silver	20:25	arg1	hydrogel					27:34	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel	0:34	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.	0:100	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	1	32	theme	silver	289:294	arg1	precursor					296:304	silver precursor	289:304	silver precursor	289:304	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	32	theme	silver	289:294	arg1	acid					314:317	citric acid	307:317	citric acid	307:317	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	4	33	theme	fabric	752:757	arg1	surface					759:765	the fabric surface	748:765	the fabric surface	748:765	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	1	34	theme	Tragacanth	209:218	arg1	polymer					237:243	a natural polymer	227:243	a natural polymer with hydrogel properties	227:268	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	34	theme	Tragacanth	209:218	arg1	agent					338:342	a cross-linking agent	322:342	a cross-linking agent	322:342	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	34	theme	Tragacanth	209:218	arg1	gum					220:222	Tragacanth gum	209:222	Tragacanth gum	209:222	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	0	35	theme	cotton	39:44	arg1	fabric					46:51	cotton fabric	39:51	cotton fabric	39:51	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	2	36	theme	condition	528:536	arg1	tests					559:563	vertical wicking tests	542:563	vertical wicking tests	542:563	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	36	theme	condition	528:536	arg1	retention					480:488	water retention	474:488	water retention	474:488	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	36	theme	condition	528:536	arg1	time					498:501	drying time	491:501	drying time of wetted fabric at room condition	491:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	36	theme	condition	528:536	arg1	moisture					457:464	moisture regain	457:471	moisture regain	457:471	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	5	37	theme	samples	872:878	arg1	structure					848:856	The chemical structure	835:856	The chemical structure of the fabric samples	835:878	The chemical structure of the fabric samples was identified with FTIR spectra.
27577917	5	38	theme	chemical	839:846	arg1	structure					848:856	The chemical structure	835:856	The chemical structure of the fabric samples	835:878	The chemical structure of the fabric samples was identified with FTIR spectra.
27577917	2	39	theme	room	523:526	arg1	condition					528:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	3	40	theme	samples	598:604	arg1	properties					580:589	Antibacterial properties	566:589	Antibacterial properties of the samples	566:604	Antibacterial properties of the samples were evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcous aureus.
27577917	6	41	theme	optimum	1028:1034	arg1	conditions					1036:1045	optimum conditions	1028:1045	optimum conditions	1028:1045	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	7	42	theme	antibacterial	1137:1149	arg1	effectiveness					1151:1163	reasonable antibacterial effectiveness	1126:1163	reasonable antibacterial effectiveness	1126:1163	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	1	43	theme	citric	307:312	arg1	precursor					296:304	silver precursor	289:304	silver precursor	289:304	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	43	theme	citric	307:312	arg1	acid					314:317	citric acid	307:317	citric acid	307:317	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	2	44	theme	drying	491:496	arg1	time					498:501	drying time	491:501	drying time of wetted fabric at room condition	491:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	4	45	theme	silver	827:832	arg1	size					810:813	the crystal and particle size	785:813	size	810:813	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	7	46	theme	cotton	1060:1065	arg1	fabrics					1067:1073	The treated cotton fabrics	1048:1073	The treated cotton fabrics	1048:1073	The treated cotton fabrics showed good water absorption properties along with reasonable antibacterial effectiveness.
27577917	6	47	theme	central	918:924	arg1	CCD					944:946	CCD	944:946	CCD	944:946	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	6	47	theme	central	918:924	arg1	design					936:941	The central composite design	914:941	The central composite design (CCD)	914:947	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	4	48	theme	nano	822:825	arg1	silver					827:832	the nano silver	818:832	the nano silver	818:832	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	4	49	theme	silver	719:724	arg1	formation					701:709	formation	701:709	formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface	701:765	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	4	50	theme	particle	801:808	arg1	size					810:813	the crystal and particle size	785:813	size	810:813	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	6	51	used	used	953:956	arg2	CCD					944:946	CCD	944:946	CCD	944:946	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	6	51	used	used	953:956	arg2	design					936:941	The central composite design	914:941	The central composite design (CCD)	914:947	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27577917	0	52	dep	hydrogel	27:34	arg1	synthesis					62:70	In-situ synthesis	54:70	In-situ synthesis	54:70	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	0	52	dep	hydrogel	27:34	arg1	properties					90:99	antibacterial properties	76:99	antibacterial properties	76:99	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	4	53	theme	layer	739:743	arg1	formation					701:709	formation	701:709	formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface	701:765	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	2	54	from	condition	528:536	arg1	room					523:526	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	54	from	condition	528:536	arg1	at					520:521	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	wetted fabric at room condition	506:536	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	2	55	theme	wicking	551:557	arg1	tests					559:563	vertical wicking tests	542:563	vertical wicking tests	542:563	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	4	56	theme	crystal	789:795	arg1	size					810:813	the crystal and particle size	785:813	size	810:813	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	1	57	with	polymer	237:243	arg1	properties					259:268	hydrogel properties	250:268	hydrogel properties	250:268	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	4	58	theme	hydrogel	730:737	arg1	layer					739:743	nano silver and hydrogel layer	714:743	layer	739:743	The SEM pictures confirmed formation of nano silver and hydrogel layer on the fabric surface and XRD performed the crystal and particle size of the nano silver.
27577917	1	59	theme	natural	229:235	arg1	polymer					237:243	a natural polymer	227:243	a natural polymer with hydrogel properties	227:268	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	59	theme	natural	229:235	arg1	nitrate					278:284	silver nitrate	271:284	silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid	271:317	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	59	theme	natural	229:235	arg1	gum					220:222	Tragacanth gum	209:222	Tragacanth gum	209:222	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	60	with	hypophosphite	355:367	arg1	hydrogel					165:172	hydrogel	165:172	hydrogel	165:172	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	1	60	with	hypophosphite	355:367	arg1	properties					192:201	antimicrobial properties	178:201	antimicrobial properties	178:201	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	0	61	theme	In-situ	54:60	arg1	synthesis					62:70	In-situ synthesis	54:70	In-situ synthesis	54:70	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	0	62	from	hydrogel	27:34	arg1	fabric					46:51	cotton fabric	39:51	cotton fabric	39:51	Tragacanth gum/nano silver hydrogel on cotton fabric: In-situ synthesis and antibacterial properties.
27577917	2	63	theme	fabrics	427:433	arg1	behavior					403:410	The water absorption behavior	382:410	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics	382:433	The water absorption behavior of the treated fabrics was investigated with moisture regain, water retention, drying time of wetted fabric at room condition and vertical wicking tests.
27577917	1	64	theme	cotton	146:151	arg1	fabric					153:158	cotton fabric	146:158	cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent	146:342	This paper is mainly focused on introducing cotton fabric with hydrogel and antimicrobial properties using Tragacanth gum as a natural polymer with hydrogel properties, silver nitrate as silver precursor, citric acid as a cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst.
27577917	6	65	theme	effective	995:1003	arg1	parameters					1005:1014	effective parameters	995:1014	effective parameters	995:1014	The central composite design (CCD) was used for statistical modelling, evaluated effective parameters and created optimum conditions.
27508969	6	0	from	Preliminary	950:960	arg1	tests					970:974	vivo tests	965:974	vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes)	965:1055	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	9	1	theme	nerve	1688:1692	arg1	regeneration					1700:1711	nerve fiber regeneration	1688:1711	nerve fiber regeneration	1688:1711	On the contrary CS/DSP conduits promoted nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery, leading to an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft.
27508969	9	2	theme	functional	1717:1726	arg1	recovery					1728:1735	functional recovery	1717:1735	functional recovery	1717:1735	On the contrary CS/DSP conduits promoted nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery, leading to an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft.
27508969	9	3	theme	CS/DSP	1663:1668	arg1	conduits					1670:1677	CS/DSP conduits	1663:1677	CS/DSP conduits	1663:1677	On the contrary CS/DSP conduits promoted nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery, leading to an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft.
27508969	1	4	theme	applications	133:144	arg1	variety					111:117	a variety	109:117	a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity	109:285	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	4	theme	applications	133:144	arg1	applications					133:144	biomedical applications	122:144	biomedical applications	122:144	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	4	theme	applications	133:144	arg1	repair					174:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	8	5	theme	12	1566:1567	arg1	week					1569:1572	week	1569:1572	week	1569:1572	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	9	6	theme	fiber	1694:1698	arg1	regeneration					1700:1711	nerve fiber regeneration	1688:1711	nerve fiber regeneration	1688:1711	On the contrary CS/DSP conduits promoted nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery, leading to an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft.
27508969	5	7	theme	dorsal	920:925	arg1	explants					940:947	dorsal root ganglia explants	920:947	dorsal root ganglia explants	920:947	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	4	8	theme	In	690:691	arg1	tests					712:716	In vitro cytotoxicity tests	690:716	In vitro cytotoxicity tests	690:716	In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that both CS membranes allowed cell survival and proliferation.
27508969	6	9	theme	scaffolds	1011:1019	arg1	types					996:1000	both types	991:1000	both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes)	991:1055	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	10	theme	substance	1316:1324	arg1	loss					1326:1329	substance loss	1316:1329	substance loss	1316:1329	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	11	dep	scaffolds	1011:1019	arg1	CS/DSP					1022:1027	CS/DSP	1022:1027	CS/DSP	1022:1027	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	11	dep	scaffolds	1011:1019	arg1	membranes					1046:1054	CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes	1033:1054	CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes	1033:1054	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	3	12	theme	constituent	516:526	arg1	ratio					528:532	The constituent ratio	512:532	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS	512:562	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	3	13	theme	crosslinking	537:548	arg1	agents					550:555	crosslinking agents	537:555	crosslinking agents	537:555	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	6	14	theme	nerve	1005:1009	arg1	scaffolds					1011:1019	nerve scaffolds	1005:1019	nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes)	1005:1055	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	2	15	theme	CS	303:304	arg1	membranes					311:319	CS flat membranes	303:319	CS flat membranes	303:319	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	7	16	theme	CS/GPTMS_DSP	1393:1404	arg1	conduits					1406:1413	CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits	1382:1413	CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits	1382:1413	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	4	17	dep	In	690:691	arg1	vitro					693:697	vitro	693:697	vitro	693:697	In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that both CS membranes allowed cell survival and proliferation.
27508969	8	18	theme	week	1569:1572	arg1	lapse					1589:1593	a 12 week post-operative lapse	1564:1593	a 12 week post-operative lapse of time	1564:1601	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	2	19	theme	dibasic	339:345	arg1	DSP					365:367	DSP	365:367	DSP	365:367	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	2	19	theme	dibasic	339:345	arg1	phosphate					354:362	dibasic sodium phosphate	339:362	dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP)	339:459	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	8	20	theme	nerve	1634:1638	arg1	stump					1640:1644	the distal nerve stump	1623:1644	the distal nerve stump	1623:1644	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	7	21	theme	rat	1346:1348	arg1	nerve					1357:1361	rat median nerve	1346:1361	rat median nerve	1346:1361	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	2	22	theme	solvent	485:491	arg1	technique					501:509	a solvent casting technique	483:509	a solvent casting technique	483:509	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	4	23	theme	CS	735:736	arg1	membranes					738:746	both CS membranes	730:746	both CS membranes	730:746	In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that both CS membranes allowed cell survival and proliferation.
27508969	8	24	theme	distal	1627:1632	arg1	stump					1640:1644	the distal nerve stump	1623:1644	the distal nerve stump	1623:1644	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	5	25	theme	CS/GPTMS_DSP	799:810	arg1	membranes					812:820	CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes	799:820	CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes	799:820	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	5	26	theme	root	927:930	arg1	explants					940:947	dorsal root ganglia explants	920:947	dorsal root ganglia explants	920:947	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	6	27	theme	nerve	1298:1302	arg1	lesion					1304:1309	a severe peripheral nerve lesion	1278:1309	a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss	1278:1329	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	28	dep	demonstrated	1057:1068	arg1	Preliminary					950:960	Preliminary	950:960	Preliminary	950:960	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	1	29	theme	peripheral	157:166	arg1	repair					174:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	6	30	theme	crush	1140:1144	arg1	repair					1149:1154	repair	1149:1154	repair by end-to-end surgery	1149:1176	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	30	theme	crush	1140:1144	arg1	site					1126:1129	the site	1122:1129	the site of nerve crush	1122:1144	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	30	theme	crush	1140:1144	arg1	crush					1140:1144	nerve crush	1134:1144	nerve crush	1134:1144	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	30	theme	crush	1140:1144	arg1	membrane					1112:1119	a membrane	1110:1119	a membrane	1110:1119	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	3	31	theme	agents	550:555	arg1	ratio					528:532	The constituent ratio	512:532	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS	512:562	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	1	32	theme	nerve	168:172	arg1	repair					174:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	33	theme	antibacterial	264:276	arg1	activity					278:285	antibacterial activity	264:285	antibacterial activity	264:285	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	33	theme	antibacterial	264:276	arg1	biocompatibility					203:218	its excellent biocompatibility	189:218	its excellent biocompatibility	189:218	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	6	34	theme	nerve	1134:1138	arg1	crush					1140:1144	nerve crush	1134:1144	nerve crush	1134:1144	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	5	35	theme	neurite	897:903	arg1	outgrowth					905:913	neurite outgrowth	897:913	neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants	897:947	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	5	36	theme	cell	831:834	arg1	adhesion					836:843	cell adhesion	831:843	cell adhesion	831:843	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	7	37	theme	median	1350:1355	arg1	nerve					1357:1361	rat median nerve	1346:1361	rat median nerve	1346:1361	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	6	38	theme	peripheral	1287:1296	arg1	lesion					1304:1309	a severe peripheral nerve lesion	1278:1309	a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss	1278:1329	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	5	39	from	explants	940:947	arg1	outgrowth					905:913	neurite outgrowth	897:913	neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants	897:947	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	3	40	contain	having	620:625	arg2	biocompatibility					672:687	high biocompatibility	667:687	high biocompatibility	667:687	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	3	40	contain	having	620:625	arg1	material					611:618	a composite material	599:618	a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility	599:687	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	3	40	contain	having	620:625	arg2	properties					652:661	adequate mechanical properties	632:661	adequate mechanical properties	632:661	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	0	41	theme	flat	21:24	arg1	scaffolds					26:34	flat scaffolds	21:34	flat scaffolds	21:34	Chitosan crosslinked flat scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration.
27508969	6	42	theme	severe	1280:1285	arg1	lesion					1304:1309	a severe peripheral nerve lesion	1278:1309	a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss	1278:1329	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	43	theme	end-to-end	1159:1168	arg1	surgery					1170:1176	end-to-end surgery	1159:1176	end-to-end surgery	1159:1176	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	1	44	used	used	101:104	arg2	CS					81:82	CS	81:82	CS	81:82	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	44	used	used	101:104	arg2	Chitosan					71:78	Chitosan	71:78	Chitosan (CS)	71:83	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	45	theme	due	182:184	arg1	repair					174:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	0	46	theme	peripheral	40:49	arg1	regeneration					57:68	peripheral nerve regeneration	40:68	peripheral nerve regeneration	40:68	Chitosan crosslinked flat scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration.
27508969	3	47	theme	adequate	632:639	arg1	properties					652:661	adequate mechanical properties	632:661	adequate mechanical properties	632:661	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	6	48	dep	protecting	1095:1104	arg1	bridging					1227:1234	bridging	1227:1234	bridging	1227:1234	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	48	dep	protecting	1095:1104	arg1	ii					1223:1224	ii	1223:1224	ii	1223:1224	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	48	dep	protecting	1095:1104	arg1	i					1092:1092	i	1092:1092	i	1092:1092	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	7	49	theme	nerve	1462:1466	arg1	regeneration					1468:1479	nerve regeneration	1462:1479	nerve regeneration	1462:1479	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	5	50	theme	Schwann	854:860	arg1	morphology					872:881	Schwann cell-like morphology	854:881	Schwann cell-like morphology	854:881	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	7	51	from	gap	1339:1341	arg1	nerve					1357:1361	rat median nerve	1346:1361	rat median nerve	1346:1361	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	9	52	theme	comparable	1760:1769	arg1	outcome					1752:1758	an outcome	1749:1758	an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft	1749:1807	On the contrary CS/DSP conduits promoted nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery, leading to an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft.
27508969	7	53	theme	1 cm	1334:1337	arg1	gap					1339:1341	A 1 cm gap	1332:1341	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve	1332:1361	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	2	54	with	association	391:401	arg1	CS/GPTMS_DSP					447:458	CS/GPTMS_DSP	447:458	CS/GPTMS_DSP	447:458	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	2	54	with	association	391:401	arg1	γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane					412:444	the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane	408:444	the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP)	408:459	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	5	55	theme	cell-like	862:870	arg1	morphology					872:881	Schwann cell-like morphology	854:881	Schwann cell-like morphology	854:881	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	8	56	theme	CS/GPTMS_DSP	1490:1501	arg1	tubes					1503:1507	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes	1490:1507	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes	1490:1507	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	3	57	theme	CS	561:562	arg1	ratio					528:532	The constituent ratio	512:532	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS	512:562	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	7	58	theme	CS/DSP	1382:1387	arg1	conduits					1406:1413	CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits	1382:1413	CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits	1382:1413	A 1 cm gap on rat median nerve was repaired using CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP conduits to further investigate their ability to induce nerve regeneration in vivo.
27508969	5	59	theme	ganglia	932:938	arg1	explants					940:947	dorsal root ganglia explants	920:947	dorsal root ganglia explants	920:947	Moreover, CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes promoted cell adhesion, induced Schwann cell-like morphology and supported neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia explants.
27508969	0	60	theme	nerve	51:55	arg1	regeneration					57:68	peripheral nerve regeneration	40:68	peripheral nerve regeneration	40:68	Chitosan crosslinked flat scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration.
27508969	6	61	theme	vivo	965:968	arg1	tests					970:974	vivo tests	965:974	vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes)	965:1055	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	62	theme	nerve	1259:1263	arg1	stumps					1265:1270	the two nerve stumps	1251:1270	the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss	1251:1329	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	6	62	theme	nerve	1259:1263	arg1	conduit					1242:1248	a conduit	1240:1248	a conduit	1240:1248	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	1	63	theme	biomedical	122:131	arg1	repair					174:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	peripheral nerve repair	157:179	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	63	theme	biomedical	122:131	arg1	applications					133:144	biomedical applications	122:144	biomedical applications	122:144	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	4	64	theme	cytotoxicity	699:710	arg1	tests					712:716	In vitro cytotoxicity tests	690:716	In vitro cytotoxicity tests	690:716	In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that both CS membranes allowed cell survival and proliferation.
27508969	6	65	theme	nerve	1206:1210	arg1	adhesion					1212:1219	post-operative nerve adhesion	1191:1219	post-operative nerve adhesion	1191:1219	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	4	66	dep	cell	756:759	arg1	survival					761:768	survival	761:768	survival	761:768	In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that both CS membranes allowed cell survival and proliferation.
27508969	3	67	theme	high	667:670	arg1	biocompatibility					672:687	high biocompatibility	667:687	high biocompatibility	667:687	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	6	68	theme	post-operative	1191:1204	arg1	adhesion					1212:1219	post-operative nerve adhesion	1191:1219	post-operative nerve adhesion	1191:1219	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	9	69	theme	median	1774:1779	arg1	nerve					1781:1785	median nerve	1774:1785	median nerve repaired by autograft	1774:1807	On the contrary CS/DSP conduits promoted nerve fiber regeneration and functional recovery, leading to an outcome comparable to median nerve repaired by autograft.
27508969	1	70	theme	excellent	193:201	arg1	biodegradability					221:236	biodegradability	221:236	biodegradability	221:236	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	70	theme	excellent	193:201	arg1	availability					247:258	availability	247:258	availability	247:258	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	70	theme	excellent	193:201	arg1	biocompatibility					203:218	its excellent biocompatibility	189:218	its excellent biocompatibility	189:218	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	1	70	theme	excellent	193:201	arg1	activity					278:285	antibacterial activity	264:285	antibacterial activity	264:285	Chitosan (CS) has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications, including peripheral nerve repair, due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, readily availability and antibacterial activity.
27508969	6	71	from	tests	970:974	arg1	Preliminary					950:960	Preliminary	950:960	Preliminary	950:960	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	3	72	theme	mechanical	641:650	arg1	properties					652:661	adequate mechanical properties	632:661	adequate mechanical properties	632:661	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	3	73	theme	composite	601:609	arg1	material					611:618	a composite material	599:618	a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility	599:687	The constituent ratio of crosslinking agents and CS were previously selected to obtain a composite material having both adequate mechanical properties and high biocompatibility.
27508969	6	74	with	lesion	1304:1309	arg1	loss					1326:1329	substance loss	1316:1329	substance loss	1316:1329	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	2	75	theme	flat	306:309	arg1	membranes					311:319	CS flat membranes	303:319	CS flat membranes	303:319	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	6	76	theme	CS/GPTMS_DSP	1033:1044	arg1	membranes					1046:1054	CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes	1033:1054	CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes	1033:1054	Preliminary in vivo tests carried out on both types of nerve scaffolds (CS/DSP and CS/GPTMS_DSP membranes) demonstrated their potential for: (i) protecting, as a membrane, the site of nerve crush or repair by end-to-end surgery and avoiding post-operative nerve adhesion; (ii) bridging, as a conduit, the two nerve stumps after a severe peripheral nerve lesion with substance loss.
27508969	2	77	dep	alone	370:374	arg1	CS/DSP					377:382	CS/DSP	377:382	CS/DSP	377:382	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	8	78	theme	time	1598:1601	arg1	lapse					1589:1593	a 12 week post-operative lapse	1564:1593	a 12 week post-operative lapse of time	1564:1601	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	8	79	theme	post-operative	1574:1587	arg1	lapse					1589:1593	a 12 week post-operative lapse	1564:1593	a 12 week post-operative lapse of time	1564:1601	CS/GPTMS_DSP tubes resulted to be more fragile during suturing and, along a 12 week post-operative lapse of time, they detached from the distal nerve stump.
27508969	2	80	theme	sodium	347:352	arg1	DSP					365:367	DSP	365:367	DSP	365:367	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	2	80	theme	sodium	347:352	arg1	phosphate					354:362	dibasic sodium phosphate	339:362	dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP)	339:459	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27508969	2	81	theme	casting	493:499	arg1	technique					501:509	a solvent casting technique	483:509	a solvent casting technique	483:509	In this study, CS flat membranes, crosslinked with dibasic sodium phosphate (DSP) alone (CS/DSP) or in association with the γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (CS/GPTMS_DSP), were fabricated with a solvent casting technique.
27372121	5	0	theme	drug	692:695	arg1	efficiency					708:717	the drug conversion efficiency	688:717	the drug conversion efficiency	688:717	The reaction temperature significantly affects the drug conversion efficiency.
27372121	6	1	theme	small	845:849	arg1	quantities					851:860	small quantities	845:860	small quantities of hydrogen peroxide	845:881	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	1	2	theme	cyclohexane	255:265	arg1	CDTA					295:298	CDTA	295:298	CDTA	295:298	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	1	2	theme	cyclohexane	255:265	arg1	acid					289:292	cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid	255:292	cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	255:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	8	3	theme	low	1160:1162	arg1	decrease					1164:1171	a relatively low decrease	1147:1171	a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%)	1147:1220	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	10	4	theme	good	1518:1521	arg1	candidate					1523:1531	a good candidate	1516:1531	a good candidate in the water treatment area	1516:1559	It constitutes a good candidate in the water treatment area.
27372121	7	5	theme	optimum	890:896	arg1	conditions					898:907	optimum conditions	890:907	optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2)	890:986	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	1	6	theme	tetraacetic	277:287	arg1	CDTA					295:298	CDTA	295:298	CDTA	295:298	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	1	6	theme	tetraacetic	277:287	arg1	acid					289:292	cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid	255:292	cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	255:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	10	7	theme	water	1540:1544	arg1	area					1556:1559	the water treatment area	1536:1559	the water treatment area	1536:1559	It constitutes a good candidate in the water treatment area.
27372121	5	8	theme	reaction	645:652	arg1	temperature					654:664	The reaction temperature	641:664	The reaction temperature	641:664	The reaction temperature significantly affects the drug conversion efficiency.
27372121	6	9	theme	antibiotic	803:812	arg1	degradation					814:824	the target antibiotic degradation	792:824	the target antibiotic degradation	792:824	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	2	10	theme	characterization	306:321	arg1	tests					323:327	The characterization tests	302:327	The characterization tests	302:327	The characterization tests indicated the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron.
27372121	9	11	theme	liquid	1412:1417	arg1	medium					1419:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	8	12	theme	successive	1196:1205	arg1	%					1219:1219	only 9%	1213:1219	only 9%	1213:1219	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	8	12	theme	successive	1196:1205	arg1	runs					1207:1210	four successive runs	1191:1210	four successive runs (only 9%)	1191:1220	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	9	13	from	efficiency	1444:1453	arg1	presence					1462:1469	the presence	1458:1469	the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1458:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	13	from	efficiency	1444:1453	arg1	medium					1419:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	8	14	theme	iron	1239:1242	arg1	leaching					1244:1251	a negligible iron leaching	1226:1251	a negligible iron leaching (0.8%)	1226:1258	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	8	14	theme	iron	1239:1242	arg1	%					1257:1257	0.8%	1254:1257	0.8%	1254:1257	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	4	15	from	influence	468:476	arg1	performances					613:624	the process performances	601:624	the process performances	601:624	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	9	16	theme	efficiency	1444:1453	arg1	terms					1349:1353	terms	1349:1353	terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1349:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	7	17	theme	94	1020:1021	arg1	%					1022:1022	%	1022:1022	%	1022:1022	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	4	18	dep	parameters	502:511	arg1	i.e.					514:517	i.e.	514:517	i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration	514:595	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	5	19	theme	conversion	697:706	arg1	efficiency					708:717	the drug conversion efficiency	688:717	the drug conversion efficiency	688:717	The reaction temperature significantly affects the drug conversion efficiency.
27372121	1	20	theme	work	113:116	arg1	aim					101:103	The aim	97:103	The aim of this work	97:116	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	1	21	theme	dinitrilo	267:275	arg1	CDTA					295:298	CDTA	295:298	CDTA	295:298	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	1	21	theme	dinitrilo	267:275	arg1	acid					289:292	cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid	255:292	cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	255:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	0	22	theme	alginate	81:88	arg1	beads					90:94	modified alginate beads	72:94	modified alginate beads	72:94	Removal of ofloxacin antibiotic using heterogeneous Fenton process over modified alginate beads.
27372121	9	23	from	terms	1349:1353	arg1	presence					1462:1469	the presence	1458:1469	the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1458:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	1	24	theme	oxidative	148:156	arg1	degradation					158:168	the heterogeneous oxidative degradation	130:168	the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	130:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	4	25	theme	H2O2	520:523	arg1	dose					525:528	H2O2 dose	520:528	H2O2 dose	520:528	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	7	26	theme	10mmol/L	973:980	arg1	H2O2					982:985	10mmol/L H2O2	973:985	10mmol/L H2O2	973:985	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	9	27	theme	oxidant	1492:1498	arg1	quantities					1478:1487	low quantities	1474:1487	low quantities of oxidant	1474:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	4	28	theme	several	481:487	arg1	parameters					502:511	several experimental parameters	481:511	several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration)	481:596	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	4	29	theme	parameters	502:511	arg1	influence					468:476	The influence	464:476	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances	464:624	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	8	30	dep	stability	1136:1144	arg1	observed					1270:1277	observed	1270:1277	have been observed	1260:1277	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	3	31	theme	synthesized	430:440	arg1	mesoporous					452:461	mesoporous	452:461	mesoporous	452:461	It was also demonstrated that the synthesized beads are mesoporous.
27372121	3	31	theme	synthesized	430:440	arg1	beads					442:446	the synthesized beads	426:446	the synthesized beads	426:446	It was also demonstrated that the synthesized beads are mesoporous.
27372121	9	32	theme	synthesized	1284:1294	arg1	material					1306:1313	The synthesized composite material	1280:1313	The synthesized composite material	1280:1313	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	4	33	theme	beads	552:556	arg1	loading					558:564	beads loading	552:564	beads loading	552:564	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	0	34	theme	ofloxacin	11:19	arg1	Removal					0:6	Removal	0:6	Removal of ofloxacin	0:19	Removal of ofloxacin antibiotic using heterogeneous Fenton process over modified alginate beads.
27372121	9	35	theme	interesting	1323:1333	arg1	advantages					1335:1344	interesting advantages	1323:1344	interesting advantages	1323:1344	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	0	36	theme	Fenton	52:57	arg1	process					59:65	heterogeneous Fenton process	38:65	heterogeneous Fenton process	38:65	Removal of ofloxacin antibiotic using heterogeneous Fenton process over modified alginate beads.
27372121	8	37	theme	composite	1097:1105	arg1	material					1107:1114	the composite material	1093:1114	the composite material	1093:1114	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	6	38	theme	peroxide	874:881	arg1	quantities					851:860	small quantities	845:860	small quantities of hydrogen peroxide	845:881	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	9	39	from	medium	1419:1424	arg1	recovery					1394:1401	recovery	1394:1401	recovery from the liquid medium after use	1394:1434	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	39	from	medium	1419:1424	arg1	ease					1386:1389	ease	1386:1389	ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use	1386:1434	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	39	from	medium	1419:1424	arg1	simplicity					1358:1367	simplicity	1358:1367	simplicity	1358:1367	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	39	from	medium	1419:1424	arg1	stability					1375:1383	good stability	1370:1383	good stability	1370:1383	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	39	from	medium	1419:1424	arg1	efficiency					1444:1453	its efficiency	1440:1453	its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1440:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	7	40	dep	conditions	898:907	arg1	g					915:915	0.05 g	910:915	0.05 g of granules	910:927	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	40	dep	conditions	898:907	arg1	25μL					965:968	25μL	965:968	25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2	965:985	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	40	dep	conditions	898:907	arg1	concentration=10mg/L					943:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	41	theme	drug	938:941	arg1	g					915:915	0.05 g	910:915	0.05 g of granules	910:927	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	41	theme	drug	938:941	arg1	concentration=10mg/L					943:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	9	42	from	simplicity	1358:1367	arg1	presence					1462:1469	the presence	1458:1469	the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1458:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	42	from	simplicity	1358:1367	arg1	medium					1419:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	10	43	from	candidate	1523:1531	arg1	area					1556:1559	the water treatment area	1536:1559	the water treatment area	1536:1559	It constitutes a good candidate in the water treatment area.
27372121	6	44	theme	synthesized	750:760	arg1	efficient					775:783	efficient	775:783	efficient	775:783	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	6	44	theme	synthesized	750:760	arg1	material					762:769	the synthesized material	746:769	the synthesized material	746:769	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	1	45	theme	sodium	235:240	arg1	alginate					242:249	sodium alginate	235:249	sodium alginate	235:249	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	8	46	theme	reasonable	1125:1134	arg1	stability					1136:1144	a reasonable stability	1123:1144	a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed	1123:1277	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	2	47	theme	metal	371:375	arg1	chelator					377:384	metal chelator	371:384	metal chelator	371:384	The characterization tests indicated the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron.
27372121	9	48	theme	stability	1375:1383	arg1	terms					1349:1353	terms	1349:1353	terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1349:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	4	49	theme	drug	578:581	arg1	concentration					583:595	initial drug concentration	570:595	initial drug concentration	570:595	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	9	50	theme	ease	1386:1389	arg1	terms					1349:1353	terms	1349:1353	terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1349:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	51	from	presence	1462:1469	arg1	terms					1349:1353	terms	1349:1353	terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1349:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	52	theme	low	1474:1476	arg1	quantities					1478:1487	low quantities	1474:1487	low quantities of oxidant	1474:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	53	theme	recovery	1394:1401	arg1	ease					1386:1389	ease	1386:1389	ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use	1386:1434	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	53	theme	recovery	1394:1401	arg1	simplicity					1358:1367	simplicity	1358:1367	simplicity	1358:1367	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	53	theme	recovery	1394:1401	arg1	stability					1375:1383	good stability	1370:1383	good stability	1370:1383	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	53	theme	recovery	1394:1401	arg1	efficiency					1444:1453	its efficiency	1440:1453	its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1440:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	10	54	theme	treatment	1546:1554	arg1	area					1556:1559	the water treatment area	1536:1559	the water treatment area	1536:1559	It constitutes a good candidate in the water treatment area.
27372121	1	55	theme	ofloxacin	173:181	arg1	degradation					158:168	the heterogeneous oxidative degradation	130:168	the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	130:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	8	56	theme	activity	1176:1183	arg1	leaching					1244:1251	a negligible iron leaching	1226:1251	a negligible iron leaching (0.8%)	1226:1258	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	8	56	theme	activity	1176:1183	arg1	decrease					1164:1171	a relatively low decrease	1147:1171	a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%)	1147:1220	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	8	56	theme	activity	1176:1183	arg1	%					1257:1257	0.8%	1254:1257	0.8%	1254:1257	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	6	57	theme	target	796:801	arg1	degradation					814:824	the target antibiotic degradation	792:824	the target antibiotic degradation	792:824	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	9	58	theme	quantities	1478:1487	arg1	presence					1462:1469	the presence	1458:1469	the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1458:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	8	59	theme	negligible	1228:1237	arg1	leaching					1244:1251	a negligible iron leaching	1226:1251	a negligible iron leaching (0.8%)	1226:1258	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	8	59	theme	negligible	1228:1237	arg1	%					1257:1257	0.8%	1254:1257	0.8%	1254:1257	The results also indicate that the composite material showed a reasonable stability; a relatively low decrease of activity after four successive runs (only 9%) and a negligible iron leaching (0.8%) have been observed.
27372121	1	60	theme	antibiotic	183:192	arg1	ofloxacin					173:181	ofloxacin antibiotic	173:192	ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	173:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	1	61	theme	composite	202:210	arg1	material					212:219	a composite material	200:219	a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	200:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	6	62	dep	quantities	851:860	arg1	presence					833:840	presence	833:840	presence	833:840	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	6	62	dep	quantities	851:860	arg1	the					829:831	the	829:831	the	829:831	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	7	63	theme	ofloxacin	1039:1047	arg1	degradation					1024:1034	94% degradation	1020:1034	94% degradation of ofloxacin	1020:1047	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	64	theme	%	1022:1022	arg1	degradation					1024:1034	94% degradation	1020:1034	94% degradation of ofloxacin	1020:1047	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	0	65	theme	modified	72:79	arg1	beads					90:94	modified alginate beads	72:94	modified alginate beads	72:94	Removal of ofloxacin antibiotic using heterogeneous Fenton process over modified alginate beads.
27372121	7	66	theme	batch	1004:1008	arg1	reaction					1010:1017	a batch reaction	1002:1017	a batch reaction	1002:1017	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	1	67	theme	heterogeneous	134:146	arg1	degradation					158:168	the heterogeneous oxidative degradation	130:168	the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA)	130:299	The aim of this work is to study the heterogeneous oxidative degradation of ofloxacin antibiotic using a composite material prepared from sodium alginate and cyclohexane dinitrilo tetraacetic acid (CDTA).
27372121	4	68	theme	experimental	489:500	arg1	parameters					502:511	several experimental parameters	481:511	several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration)	481:596	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	7	69	theme	H2O2	982:985	arg1	25μL					965:968	25μL	965:968	25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2	965:985	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	69	theme	H2O2	982:985	arg1	g					915:915	0.05 g	910:915	0.05 g of granules	910:927	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	2	70	theme	iron	390:393	arg1	incorporation					354:366	the successful incorporation	339:366	the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron	339:393	The characterization tests indicated the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron.
27372121	9	71	theme	composite	1296:1304	arg1	material					1306:1313	The synthesized composite material	1280:1313	The synthesized composite material	1280:1313	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	72	from	ease	1386:1389	arg1	presence					1462:1469	the presence	1458:1469	the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1458:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	72	from	ease	1386:1389	arg1	medium					1419:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	4	73	theme	initial	570:576	arg1	concentration					583:595	initial drug concentration	570:595	initial drug concentration	570:595	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	0	74	theme	heterogeneous	38:50	arg1	process					59:65	heterogeneous Fenton process	38:65	heterogeneous Fenton process	38:65	Removal of ofloxacin antibiotic using heterogeneous Fenton process over modified alginate beads.
27372121	9	75	from	stability	1375:1383	arg1	presence					1462:1469	the presence	1458:1469	the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1458:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	9	75	from	stability	1375:1383	arg1	medium					1419:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	the liquid medium	1408:1424	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	4	76	theme	working	531:537	arg1	temperature					539:549	working temperature	531:549	working temperature	531:549	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	2	77	theme	successful	343:352	arg1	incorporation					354:366	the successful incorporation	339:366	the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron	339:393	The characterization tests indicated the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron.
27372121	7	78	theme	initial	930:936	arg1	g					915:915	0.05 g	910:915	0.05 g of granules	910:927	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	78	theme	initial	930:936	arg1	concentration=10mg/L					943:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	4	79	dep	i.e.	514:517	arg1	temperature					539:549	working temperature	531:549	working temperature	531:549	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	4	79	dep	i.e.	514:517	arg1	loading					558:564	beads loading	552:564	beads loading	552:564	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	4	79	dep	i.e.	514:517	arg1	concentration					583:595	initial drug concentration	570:595	initial drug concentration	570:595	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	4	79	dep	i.e.	514:517	arg1	dose					525:528	H2O2 dose	520:528	H2O2 dose	520:528	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	6	80	theme	hydrogen	865:872	arg1	peroxide					874:881	hydrogen peroxide	865:881	hydrogen peroxide	865:881	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	4	81	theme	process	605:611	arg1	performances					613:624	the process performances	601:624	the process performances	601:624	The influence of several experimental parameters (i.e.: H2O2 dose, working temperature, beads loading and initial drug concentration) on the process performances was evaluated.
27372121	7	82	theme	granules	920:927	arg1	g					915:915	0.05 g	910:915	0.05 g of granules	910:927	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	82	theme	granules	920:927	arg1	25μL					965:968	25μL	965:968	25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2	965:985	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	7	82	theme	granules	920:927	arg1	concentration=10mg/L					943:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	initial drug concentration=10mg/L	930:962	Under optimum conditions (0.05 g of granules, initial drug concentration=10mg/L, 25μL of 10mmol/L H2O2), conducted in a batch reaction, 94% degradation of ofloxacin was reached.
27372121	9	83	theme	simplicity	1358:1367	arg1	terms					1349:1353	terms	1349:1353	terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant	1349:1498	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
27372121	6	84	theme	quantities	851:860	arg1	efficient					775:783	efficient	775:783	efficient	775:783	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	6	84	theme	quantities	851:860	arg1	material					762:769	the synthesized material	746:769	the synthesized material	746:769	It was also observed that the synthesized material was efficient toward the target antibiotic degradation in the presence of small quantities of hydrogen peroxide.
27372121	2	85	theme	chelator	377:384	arg1	incorporation					354:366	the successful incorporation	339:366	the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron	339:393	The characterization tests indicated the successful incorporation of metal chelator and iron.
27372121	9	86	theme	good	1370:1373	arg1	stability					1375:1383	good stability	1370:1383	good stability	1370:1383	The synthesized composite material offered interesting advantages in terms of simplicity, good stability, ease of recovery from the liquid medium after use and its efficiency in the presence of low quantities of oxidant.
24401855	6	0	theme	host-microbe	1357:1368	arg1	signalling					1370:1379	host-microbe signalling	1357:1379	host-microbe signalling	1357:1379	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	9	1	theme	immune	1767:1772	arg1	system					1774:1779	the immune system	1763:1779	the immune system	1763:1779	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	7	2	theme	flagellin-encoding	1531:1548	arg1	genes					1550:1554	their flagellin-encoding genes	1525:1554	their flagellin-encoding genes	1525:1554	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales was also characterized by a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes.
24401855	1	3	theme	little	294:299	arg1	attention					301:309	little attention	294:309	little attention	294:309	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	7	4	theme	significant	1495:1505	arg1	downregulation					1507:1520	a significant downregulation	1493:1520	a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes	1493:1554	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales was also characterized by a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes.
24401855	3	5	theme	bacterial	766:774	arg1	orders					776:781	the dominant bacterial orders	753:781	the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	753:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	5	theme	bacterial	766:774	arg1	Bacteroidales					801:813	Bacteroidales	801:813	Bacteroidales	801:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	5	theme	bacterial	766:774	arg1	Clostridiales					783:795	Clostridiales	783:795	Clostridiales	783:795	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	9	6	theme	altered	1828:1834	arg1	composition					1854:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	6	7	theme	butyrate	1309:1316	arg1	formation					1318:1326	butyrate formation	1309:1326	butyrate formation	1309:1326	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	1	8	theme	associated	223:232	arg1	changes					245:251	associated functional changes	223:251	associated functional changes	223:251	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	9	9	theme	microbiota	1843:1852	arg1	composition					1854:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	6	10	theme	related	1298:1304	arg1	transcripts					1286:1296	transcripts	1286:1296	transcripts related to butyrate formation	1286:1326	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	3	11	from	alterations	713:723	arg1	composition					738:748	phylotype composition	728:748	phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	728:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	6	12	theme	nutrient	1393:1400	arg1	provision					1402:1410	mucosal nutrient provision	1385:1410	mucosal nutrient provision	1385:1410	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	10	13	theme	specific	1922:1929	arg1	interactions					1931:1942	specific interactions	1922:1942	specific interactions	1922:1942	Despite changes in specific interactions, the host-microbiota homeostasis revealed a remarkable ability for recovery.
24401855	2	14	theme	host	579:582	arg1	markers					584:590	selected host markers	570:590	selected host markers	570:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	3	15	dep	abundant	843:850	arg1	Erysipelotrichales					913:930	Erysipelotrichales	913:930	Erysipelotrichales	913:930	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	15	dep	abundant	843:850	arg1	Verrucomicrobiales					890:907	Verrucomicrobiales	890:907	Verrucomicrobiales	890:907	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	15	dep	abundant	843:850	arg1	Deferribacterales					871:887	Deferribacterales	871:887	Deferribacterales	871:887	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	4	16	theme	original	1004:1011	arg1	composition					1013:1023	its original composition	1000:1023	its original composition	1000:1023	During recovery, the microbiota began to resume, but did not reach its original composition until the end of the experiment.
24401855	7	17	theme	acute	1427:1431	arg1	inflammation					1433:1444	acute inflammation	1427:1444	acute inflammation	1427:1444	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales was also characterized by a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes.
24401855	3	18	theme	host	620:623	arg1	markers					625:631	host markers	620:631	host markers of inflammation	620:647	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	1	19	theme	microbiota	148:157	arg1	composition					159:169	gut microbiota composition	144:169	gut microbiota composition during acute colitis	144:190	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	2	20	theme	selected	570:577	arg1	markers					584:590	selected host markers	570:590	selected host markers	570:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	3	21	theme	abundant	843:850	arg1	increase					823:830	an increase	820:830	an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales	820:930	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	21	theme	abundant	843:850	arg1	abundance					692:700	relative abundance shifts	683:707	relative abundance shifts	683:707	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	21	theme	abundant	843:850	arg1	alterations					713:723	alterations	713:723	alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	713:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	5	22	theme	acute	1190:1194	arg1	colitis					1196:1202	acute colitis	1190:1202	acute colitis	1190:1202	Microbial gene expression was more resilient to disturbance, with pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis.
24401855	2	23	theme	amplicon	532:539	arg1	sequencing					541:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	8	24	theme	Bacteroidales	1602:1614	arg1	members					1587:1593	members	1587:1593	members of the Bacteroidales	1587:1614	In contrast, the abundance of members of the Bacteroidales increased along with an increase in transcripts related to mucin degradation.
24401855	0	25	theme	acute	87:91	arg1	inflammation					93:104	inflammation	93:104	inflammation	93:104	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	5	26	theme	pre-perturbation-type	1124:1144	arg1	profiles					1157:1164	pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles	1124:1164	pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis	1124:1202	Microbial gene expression was more resilient to disturbance, with pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis.
24401855	2	27	theme	rRNA	522:525	arg1	sequencing					541:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	5	28	with	resilient	1093:1101	arg1	profiles					1157:1164	pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles	1124:1164	pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis	1124:1202	Microbial gene expression was more resilient to disturbance, with pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis.
24401855	0	29	theme	activity	40:47	arg1	study					13:17	Longitudinal study	0:17	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.	0:118	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	1	30	from	alterations	129:139	arg1	composition					159:169	gut microbiota composition	144:169	gut microbiota composition during acute colitis	144:190	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	9	31	theme	relevant	1880:1887	arg1	commensals					1801:1810	commensals	1801:1810	commensals	1801:1810	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	2	32	theme	acute	395:399	arg1	inflammation					401:412	acute inflammation	395:412	acute inflammation	395:412	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	0	33	theme	Longitudinal	0:11	arg1	study					13:17	Longitudinal study	0:17	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.	0:118	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	3	34	dep	abundance	692:700	arg1	shifts					702:707	shifts	702:707	shifts	702:707	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	2	35	theme	sulfate	447:453	arg1	model					475:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model	430:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	2	36	theme	dextran	432:438	arg1	DSS					456:458	DSS	456:458	DSS	456:458	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	2	36	theme	dextran	432:438	arg1	sulfate					447:453	a dextran sodium sulfate	430:453	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	8	37	theme	related	1664:1670	arg1	transcripts					1652:1662	transcripts	1652:1662	transcripts related to mucin degradation	1652:1691	In contrast, the abundance of members of the Bacteroidales increased along with an increase in transcripts related to mucin degradation.
24401855	0	38	theme	microbiota	29:38	arg1	activity					40:47	murine microbiota activity	22:47	murine microbiota activity	22:47	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	9	39	dep	commensals	1801:1810	arg1	composition					1854:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	2	40	theme	-colitis	460:467	arg1	model					475:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model	430:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	8	41	theme	mucin	1675:1679	arg1	degradation					1681:1691	mucin degradation	1675:1691	mucin degradation	1675:1691	In contrast, the abundance of members of the Bacteroidales increased along with an increase in transcripts related to mucin degradation.
24401855	10	42	theme	remarkable	1988:1997	arg1	ability					1999:2005	a remarkable ability	1986:2005	a remarkable ability for recovery	1986:2018	Despite changes in specific interactions, the host-microbiota homeostasis revealed a remarkable ability for recovery.
24401855	5	43	theme	gene	1068:1071	arg1	expression					1073:1082	Microbial gene expression	1058:1082	Microbial gene expression	1058:1082	Microbial gene expression was more resilient to disturbance, with pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis.
24401855	10	44	theme	host-microbiota	1949:1963	arg1	homeostasis					1965:1975	the host-microbiota homeostasis	1945:1975	the host-microbiota homeostasis	1945:1975	Despite changes in specific interactions, the host-microbiota homeostasis revealed a remarkable ability for recovery.
24401855	3	45	from	increase	823:830	arg1	composition					738:748	phylotype composition	728:748	phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	728:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	46	theme	relative	683:690	arg1	abundance					692:700	relative abundance shifts	683:707	relative abundance shifts	683:707	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	1	47	theme	functional	234:243	arg1	changes					245:251	associated functional changes	223:251	associated functional changes	223:251	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	2	48	theme	microbiota	377:386	arg1	function					357:364	function	357:364	function	357:364	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	2	48	theme	microbiota	377:386	arg1	structure					343:351	structure	343:351	structure	343:351	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	7	49	from	impact	1417:1422	arg1	Clostridiales					1453:1465	the Clostridiales	1449:1465	the Clostridiales	1449:1465	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales was also characterized by a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes.
24401855	9	50	theme	acute	1710:1714	arg1	inflammation					1716:1727	acute inflammation	1710:1727	acute inflammation	1710:1727	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	9	51	theme	system	1774:1779	arg1	reaction					1751:1758	a selective reaction	1739:1758	a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host	1739:1900	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	7	52	theme	genes	1550:1554	arg1	downregulation					1507:1520	a significant downregulation	1493:1520	a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes	1493:1554	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales was also characterized by a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes.
24401855	1	53	theme	acute	178:182	arg1	colitis					184:190	acute colitis	178:190	acute colitis	178:190	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	6	54	theme	Clostridiales	1221:1233	arg1	decrease					1209:1216	The decrease	1205:1216	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation	1205:1253	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	3	55	theme	phylotype	728:736	arg1	composition					738:748	phylotype composition	728:748	phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	728:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	9	56	theme	commensals	1801:1810	arg1	flagella					1789:1796	flagella	1789:1796	flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host	1789:1900	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	3	57	theme	orders	776:781	arg1	composition					738:748	phylotype composition	728:748	phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	728:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	1	58	from	dysbiosis	275:283	arg1	changes					245:251	associated functional changes	223:251	associated functional changes	223:251	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	1	58	from	dysbiosis	275:283	arg1	recovery					261:268	the recovery	257:268	the recovery from dysbiosis	257:283	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	3	59	from	abundance	692:700	arg1	composition					738:748	phylotype composition	728:748	phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	728:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	60	theme	dominant	757:764	arg1	orders					776:781	the dominant bacterial orders	753:781	the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	753:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	60	theme	dominant	757:764	arg1	Bacteroidales					801:813	Bacteroidales	801:813	Bacteroidales	801:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	60	theme	dominant	757:764	arg1	Clostridiales					783:795	Clostridiales	783:795	Clostridiales	783:795	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	9	61	theme	murine	1836:1841	arg1	composition					1854:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	altered murine microbiota composition	1828:1864	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	2	62	theme	markers	584:590	arg1	monitoring					556:565	monitoring	556:565	monitoring	556:565	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	2	62	theme	markers	584:590	arg1	sequencing					541:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	2	62	theme	markers	584:590	arg1	metatranscriptomics					487:505	metatranscriptomics	487:505	metatranscriptomics	487:505	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	6	63	theme	transcripts	1286:1296	arg1	reduction					1273:1281	a reduction	1271:1281	a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation	1271:1326	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	6	64	theme	mucosal	1385:1391	arg1	provision					1402:1410	mucosal nutrient provision	1385:1410	mucosal nutrient provision	1385:1410	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	3	65	theme	markers	625:631	arg1	increase					608:615	an increase	605:615	an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis	605:668	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	9	66	theme	functions	1870:1878	arg1	flagella					1789:1796	flagella	1789:1796	flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host	1789:1900	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	8	67	theme	members	1587:1593	arg1	abundance					1574:1582	the abundance	1570:1582	the abundance of members of the Bacteroidales	1570:1614	In contrast, the abundance of members of the Bacteroidales increased along with an increase in transcripts related to mucin degradation.
24401855	1	68	theme	gut	144:146	arg1	composition					159:169	gut microbiota composition	144:169	gut microbiota composition during acute colitis	144:190	Although alterations in gut microbiota composition during acute colitis have been repeatedly observed, associated functional changes and the recovery from dysbiosis received little attention.
24401855	7	69	theme	inflammation	1433:1444	arg1	impact					1417:1422	The impact	1413:1422	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales	1413:1465	The impact of acute inflammation on the Clostridiales was also characterized by a significant downregulation of their flagellin-encoding genes.
24401855	3	70	dep	orders	776:781	arg1	orders					776:781	the dominant bacterial orders	753:781	the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales	753:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	70	dep	orders	776:781	arg1	Bacteroidales					801:813	Bacteroidales	801:813	Bacteroidales	801:813	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	3	70	dep	orders	776:781	arg1	Clostridiales					783:795	Clostridiales	783:795	Clostridiales	783:795	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	10	71	from	changes	1911:1917	arg1	interactions					1931:1942	specific interactions	1922:1942	specific interactions	1922:1942	Despite changes in specific interactions, the host-microbiota homeostasis revealed a remarkable ability for recovery.
24401855	2	72	theme	gene	527:530	arg1	sequencing					541:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	5	73	theme	transcript	1146:1155	arg1	profiles					1157:1164	pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles	1124:1164	pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis	1124:1202	Microbial gene expression was more resilient to disturbance, with pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis.
24401855	2	74	theme	16S	518:520	arg1	sequencing					541:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	4	75	theme	experiment	1046:1055	arg1	end					1035:1037	the end	1031:1037	the end of the experiment	1031:1055	During recovery, the microbiota began to resume, but did not reach its original composition until the end of the experiment.
24401855	0	76	theme	murine	22:27	arg1	activity					40:47	murine microbiota activity	22:47	murine microbiota activity	22:47	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	2	77	theme	sodium	440:445	arg1	DSS					456:458	DSS	456:458	DSS	456:458	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	2	77	theme	sodium	440:445	arg1	sulfate					447:453	a dextran sodium sulfate	430:453	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	3	78	theme	acute	656:660	arg1	colitis					662:668	acute colitis	656:668	acute colitis	656:668	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	8	79	from	increase	1640:1647	arg1	transcripts					1652:1662	transcripts	1652:1662	transcripts related to mucin degradation	1652:1691	In contrast, the abundance of members of the Bacteroidales increased along with an increase in transcripts related to mucin degradation.
24401855	2	80	theme	mouse	469:473	arg1	model					475:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model	430:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	3	81	theme	inflammation	636:647	arg1	markers					625:631	host markers	620:631	host markers of inflammation	620:647	Parallel to an increase of host markers of inflammation during acute colitis, we observed relative abundance shifts and alterations in phylotype composition of the dominant bacterial orders Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, and an increase of the low abundant Enterobacteriales, Deferribacterales, Verrucomicrobiales and Erysipelotrichales.
24401855	0	82	theme	interactions	53:64	arg1	study					13:17	Longitudinal study	0:17	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.	0:118	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	2	83	theme	bacterial	508:516	arg1	sequencing					541:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing	508:550	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	5	84	theme	Microbial	1058:1066	arg1	expression					1073:1082	Microbial gene expression	1058:1082	Microbial gene expression	1058:1082	Microbial gene expression was more resilient to disturbance, with pre-perturbation-type transcript profiles appearing quickly after acute colitis.
24401855	2	85	from	inflammation	401:412	arg1	model					475:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model	430:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	0	86	with	interactions	53:64	arg1	host					75:78	the host	71:78	the host	71:78	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	6	87	from	disturbance	1342:1352	arg1	provision					1402:1410	mucosal nutrient provision	1385:1410	mucosal nutrient provision	1385:1410	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	6	87	from	disturbance	1342:1352	arg1	signalling					1370:1379	host-microbe signalling	1357:1379	host-microbe signalling	1357:1379	The decrease of Clostridiales during inflammation correlated with a reduction of transcripts related to butyrate formation, suggesting a disturbance in host-microbe signalling and mucosal nutrient provision.
24401855	9	88	theme	selective	1741:1749	arg1	reaction					1751:1758	a selective reaction	1739:1758	a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host	1739:1900	We propose that acute inflammation triggered a selective reaction of the immune system against flagella of commensals and temporarily altered murine microbiota composition and functions relevant for the host.
24401855	2	89	from	recovery	418:425	arg1	model					475:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model	430:479	a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers	430:590	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24401855	0	90	with	activity	40:47	arg1	host					75:78	the host	71:78	the host	71:78	Longitudinal study of murine microbiota activity and interactions with the host during acute inflammation and recovery.
24401855	2	91	theme	gut	373:375	arg1	microbiota					377:386	the gut microbiota	369:386	the gut microbiota	369:386	In this study, we investigated structure and function of the gut microbiota during acute inflammation and recovery in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-colitis mouse model using metatranscriptomics, bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and monitoring of selected host markers.
24343996	0	0	theme	nitrogen	86:93	arg1	conditions					104:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	7	1	mod	modified	1524:1531	arg1	alterations					1495:1505	ammonium-induced metabolic alterations	1468:1505	ammonium-induced metabolic alterations	1468:1505	However, ammonium-induced metabolic alterations were differently modified by high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	7	1	mod	modified	1524:1531	arg3	concentrations					1541:1554	high concentrations	1536:1554	high concentrations of CO2	1536:1561	However, ammonium-induced metabolic alterations were differently modified by high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	5	2	theme	acid	1246:1249	arg1	content					1251:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	6	3	theme	prominent	1376:1384	arg1	factor					1386:1391	a prominent factor	1374:1391	a prominent factor determining metabolic status	1374:1420	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	6	3	theme	prominent	1376:1384	arg1	ammonium					1362:1369	ammonium	1362:1369	ammonium	1362:1369	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	5	4	theme	glucose	1136:1142	arg1	contents					1124:1131	the contents	1120:1131	the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids	1120:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	8	5	from	increases	1594:1602	arg1	concentration					1611:1623	CO2 concentration	1607:1623	CO2 concentration	1607:1623	Hence, our results imply that increases in CO2 concentration may differently influence plant metabolism depending on the nitrogen nutrient conditions.
24343996	7	6	theme	CO2	1559:1561	arg1	concentrations					1541:1554	high concentrations	1536:1554	high concentrations of CO2	1536:1561	However, ammonium-induced metabolic alterations were differently modified by high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	4	7	contain	has	880:882	arg1	thaliana					871:878	A. thaliana	868:878	A. thaliana	868:878	This suggests that A. thaliana has the potential to utilize effectively very high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	4	7	contain	has	880:882	arg2	potential					888:896	the potential to utilize effectively very high concentrations of CO2	884:951	the potential to utilize effectively very high concentrations of CO2	884:951	This suggests that A. thaliana has the potential to utilize effectively very high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	5	8	from	increases	1107:1115	arg1	content					1251:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	8	from	increases	1107:1115	arg1	contents					1124:1131	the contents	1120:1131	the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids	1120:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	2	9	theme	light	567:571	arg1	intensity					573:581	light intensity	567:581	light intensity	567:581	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	10	theme	elevated	311:318	arg1	concentration					336:348	elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration	311:348	elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration	311:348	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	5	11	theme	tricarboxylic	1199:1211	arg1	TCA					1219:1221	TCA	1219:1221	TCA	1219:1221	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	11	theme	tricarboxylic	1199:1211	arg1	acid					1213:1216	the tricarboxylic acid	1195:1216	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	0	12	theme	nutrient	95:102	arg1	conditions					104:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	3	13	theme	levels	755:760	arg1	range					742:746	a wide range	735:746	a wide range of CO2 levels	735:760	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	1	14	dep	Plant	150:154	arg1	metabolism					167:176	metabolism	167:176	metabolism	167:176	Plant growth and metabolism are regulated in response to various environmental factors.
24343996	1	14	dep	Plant	150:154	arg1	growth					156:161	growth	156:161	growth	156:161	Plant growth and metabolism are regulated in response to various environmental factors.
24343996	3	15	theme	CO2	844:846	arg1	p.p.m.					833:838	3,600 p.p.m.	827:838	3,600 p.p.m.	827:838	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	3	15	theme	CO2	844:846	arg1	concentration					812:824	an extremely high concentration	794:824	an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2	794:846	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	0	16	theme	targeted	119:126	arg1	analysis					140:147	targeted metabolomic analysis	119:147	targeted metabolomic analysis	119:147	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	7	17	theme	ammonium-induced	1468:1483	arg1	alterations					1495:1505	ammonium-induced metabolic alterations	1468:1505	ammonium-induced metabolic alterations	1468:1505	However, ammonium-induced metabolic alterations were differently modified by high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	5	18	theme	acid	1213:1216	arg1	content					1251:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	3	19	dep	concentration	718:730	arg1	proportion					696:705	proportion	696:705	proportion	696:705	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	2	20	theme	thaliana	442:449	arg1	plants					451:456	Arabidopsis thaliana plants	430:456	Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified	430:595	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	21	theme	source	555:560	arg1	concentration					508:520	the CO2 concentration	500:520	the CO2 concentration	500:520	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	21	theme	source	555:560	arg1	intensity					573:581	light intensity	567:581	light intensity	567:581	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	21	theme	source	555:560	arg1	species					535:541	species	535:541	species	535:541	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	21	theme	source	555:560	arg1	source					555:560	nitrogen source	546:560	nitrogen source	546:560	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	21	theme	source	555:560	arg1	amounts					523:529	amounts	523:529	amounts	523:529	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	5	22	from	reductions	1181:1190	arg1	content					1251:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	22	from	reductions	1181:1190	arg1	contents					1124:1131	the contents	1120:1131	the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids	1120:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	2	23	theme	combined	292:299	arg1	action					301:306	the combined action	288:306	the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors	288:378	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	24	theme	Arabidopsis	430:440	arg1	plants					451:456	Arabidopsis thaliana plants	430:456	Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified	430:595	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	8	25	theme	plant	1651:1655	arg1	metabolism					1657:1666	plant metabolism	1651:1666	plant metabolism	1651:1666	Hence, our results imply that increases in CO2 concentration may differently influence plant metabolism depending on the nitrogen nutrient conditions.
24343996	3	26	theme	CO2	751:753	arg1	levels					755:760	CO2 levels	751:760	CO2 levels	751:760	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	8	27	theme	CO2	1607:1609	arg1	concentration					1611:1623	CO2 concentration	1607:1623	CO2 concentration	1607:1623	Hence, our results imply that increases in CO2 concentration may differently influence plant metabolism depending on the nitrogen nutrient conditions.
24343996	0	28	theme	carbon	75:80	arg1	conditions					104:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	5	29	theme	other	961:965	arg1	hand					967:970	the other hand	957:970	the other hand	957:970	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	2	30	from	modulations	253:263	arg1	metabolism					274:283	plant metabolism	268:283	plant metabolism	268:283	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	7	31	theme	high	1536:1539	arg1	concentrations					1541:1554	high concentrations	1536:1554	high concentrations of CO2	1536:1561	However, ammonium-induced metabolic alterations were differently modified by high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	7	32	theme	metabolic	1485:1493	arg1	alterations					1495:1505	ammonium-induced metabolic alterations	1468:1505	ammonium-induced metabolic alterations	1468:1505	However, ammonium-induced metabolic alterations were differently modified by high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	5	33	theme	acids	1170:1174	arg1	contents					1124:1131	the contents	1120:1131	the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids	1120:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	2	34	theme	concentration	336:348	arg1	action					301:306	the combined action	288:306	the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors	288:378	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	0	35	theme	thaliana	52:59	arg1	states					30:35	metabolic states	20:35	metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis	20:147	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	0	36	theme	states	30:35	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.	0:148	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	2	37	theme	CO2	332:334	arg1	concentration					336:348	elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration	311:348	elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration	311:348	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	1	38	theme	various	207:213	arg1	factors					229:235	various environmental factors	207:235	various environmental factors	207:235	Plant growth and metabolism are regulated in response to various environmental factors.
24343996	0	39	theme	metabolic	20:28	arg1	states					30:35	metabolic states	20:35	metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis	20:147	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	0	40	theme	metabolomic	128:138	arg1	analysis					140:147	targeted metabolomic analysis	119:147	targeted metabolomic analysis	119:147	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	2	41	theme	atmospheric	320:330	arg1	concentration					336:348	elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration	311:348	elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration	311:348	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	1	42	theme	environmental	215:227	arg1	factors					229:235	various environmental factors	207:235	various environmental factors	207:235	Plant growth and metabolism are regulated in response to various environmental factors.
24343996	0	43	theme	Arabidopsis	40:50	arg1	thaliana					52:59	Arabidopsis thaliana	40:59	Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis	40:147	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	3	44	theme	ambient	768:774	arg1	concentrations					776:789	ambient concentrations	768:789	ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2	768:846	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	6	45	theme	metabolite	1328:1337	arg1	profiles					1339:1346	the metabolite profiles	1324:1346	the metabolite profiles	1324:1346	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	5	46	theme	metabolite	1073:1082	arg1	composition					1084:1094	metabolite composition	1073:1094	metabolite composition	1073:1094	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	3	47	theme	high	807:810	arg1	p.p.m.					833:838	3,600 p.p.m.	827:838	3,600 p.p.m.	827:838	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	3	47	theme	high	807:810	arg1	concentration					812:824	an extremely high concentration	794:824	an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2	794:846	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	4	48	theme	CO2	949:951	arg1	concentrations					931:944	very high concentrations	921:944	very high concentrations of CO2	921:951	This suggests that A. thaliana has the potential to utilize effectively very high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	5	49	theme	amino	1164:1168	arg1	acids					1170:1174	several amino acids	1156:1174	several amino acids	1156:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	50	theme	starch	1145:1150	arg1	contents					1124:1131	the contents	1120:1131	the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids	1120:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	51	from	alterations	1058:1068	arg1	composition					1084:1094	metabolite composition	1073:1094	metabolite composition	1073:1094	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	52	theme	additional	1015:1024	arg1	source					1035:1040	an additional nitrogen source	1012:1040	an additional nitrogen source	1012:1040	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	6	53	theme	clustering	1298:1307	arg1	analysis					1309:1316	Hierarchical clustering analysis	1285:1316	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles	1285:1346	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	2	54	theme	CO2	504:506	arg1	concentration					508:520	the CO2 concentration	500:520	the CO2 concentration	500:520	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	5	55	theme	several	1156:1162	arg1	acids					1170:1174	several amino acids	1156:1174	several amino acids	1156:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	3	56	theme	CO2	714:716	arg1	concentration					718:730	the CO2 concentration	710:730	the CO2 concentration	710:730	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	5	57	theme	nitrogen	1026:1033	arg1	source					1035:1040	an additional nitrogen source	1012:1040	an additional nitrogen source	1012:1040	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	2	58	theme	factors	372:378	arg1	action					301:306	the combined action	288:306	the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors	288:378	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	8	59	theme	nitrogen	1685:1692	arg1	conditions					1703:1712	the nitrogen nutrient conditions	1681:1712	the nitrogen nutrient conditions	1681:1712	Hence, our results imply that increases in CO2 concentration may differently influence plant metabolism depending on the nitrogen nutrient conditions.
24343996	3	60	theme	metabolites	657:667	arg1	biosynthesis					633:644	the biosynthesis	629:644	the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites	629:667	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	3	60	theme	metabolites	657:667	arg1	growth					673:678	growth	673:678	growth	673:678	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	4	61	theme	high	926:929	arg1	concentrations					931:944	very high concentrations	921:944	very high concentrations of CO2	921:951	This suggests that A. thaliana has the potential to utilize effectively very high concentrations of CO2.
24343996	2	62	theme	nutritional	360:370	arg1	factors					372:378	other nutritional factors	354:378	other nutritional factors	354:378	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	5	63	theme	CO2	1269:1271	arg1	conditions					1273:1282	any CO2 conditions	1265:1282	any CO2 conditions	1265:1282	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	6	64	theme	Hierarchical	1285:1296	arg1	analysis					1309:1316	Hierarchical clustering analysis	1285:1316	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles	1285:1346	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	5	65	theme	drastic	1050:1056	arg1	alterations					1058:1068	drastic alterations	1050:1068	drastic alterations	1050:1068	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	65	theme	drastic	1050:1056	arg1	increases					1107:1115	increases	1107:1115	increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids	1107:1174	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	65	theme	drastic	1050:1056	arg1	reductions					1181:1190	reductions	1181:1190	reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1181:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	6	66	theme	metabolic	1405:1413	arg1	status					1415:1420	metabolic status	1405:1420	metabolic status	1405:1420	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	2	67	theme	other	354:358	arg1	factors					372:378	other nutritional factors	354:378	other nutritional factors	354:378	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	6	68	theme	CO2	1433:1435	arg1	concentration					1437:1449	the CO2 concentration	1429:1449	the CO2 concentration	1429:1449	Hierarchical clustering analysis using the metabolite profiles revealed that ammonium is a prominent factor determining metabolic status, while the CO2 concentration is not.
24343996	2	69	theme	nitrogen	546:553	arg1	source					555:560	nitrogen source	546:560	nitrogen source	546:560	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	3	70	theme	diverse	649:655	arg1	metabolites					657:667	diverse metabolites	649:667	diverse metabolites	649:667	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	2	71	theme	different	473:481	arg1	conditions					483:492	24 different conditions	470:492	24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified	470:595	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	72	theme	metabolomic	403:413	arg1	analysis					415:422	targeted metabolomic analysis	394:422	targeted metabolomic analysis	394:422	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	8	73	theme	nutrient	1694:1701	arg1	conditions					1703:1712	the nitrogen nutrient conditions	1681:1712	the nitrogen nutrient conditions	1681:1712	Hence, our results imply that increases in CO2 concentration may differently influence plant metabolism depending on the nitrogen nutrient conditions.
24343996	0	74	theme	diverse	67:73	arg1	conditions					104:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions	67:113	Characterization of metabolic states of Arabidopsis thaliana under diverse carbon and nitrogen nutrient conditions via targeted metabolomic analysis.
24343996	3	75	theme	wide	737:740	arg1	range					742:746	a wide range	735:746	a wide range of CO2 levels	735:760	Our results indicate that both the biosynthesis of diverse metabolites and growth are promoted in proportion to the CO2 concentration at a wide range of CO2 levels, from ambient concentrations to an extremely high concentration (3,600 p.p.m.) of CO2.
24343996	2	76	theme	plant	268:272	arg1	metabolism					274:283	plant metabolism	268:283	plant metabolism	268:283	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	2	77	theme	targeted	394:401	arg1	analysis					415:422	targeted metabolomic analysis	394:422	targeted metabolomic analysis	394:422	To investigate modulations in plant metabolism by the combined action of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other nutritional factors, we performed targeted metabolomic analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under 24 different conditions where the CO2 concentration, amounts and species of nitrogen source, and light intensity were modified.
24343996	5	78	theme	organic	1238:1244	arg1	content					1251:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
24343996	5	79	theme	cycle-related	1224:1236	arg1	content					1251:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content	1195:1257	On the other hand, ammonium (but not nitrate) supplied as an additional nitrogen source induced drastic alterations in metabolite composition, including increases in the contents of glucose, starch and several amino acids, and reductions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related organic acid content under any CO2 conditions.
26530112	2	0	theme	SF‑CS	487:491	arg1	scaffolds					493:501	SF‑CS scaffolds	487:501	SF‑CS scaffolds	487:501	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	0	1	from	culture	9:15	arg1	scaffolds					80:88	TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds	49:88	TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds	49:88	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	8	2	theme	composite	1319:1327	arg1	material					1329:1336	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material	1302:1336	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material	1302:1336	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	7	3	theme	proliferation	1228:1240	arg1	enhancement					1197:1207	the enhancement	1193:1207	the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1	1193:1263	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	7	4	theme	osteoblast	1148:1157	arg1	cells					1159:1163	the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	1135:1163	the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	1135:1163	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	2	5	theme	SF‑CS	342:346	arg1	scaffold					348:355	the SF‑CS scaffold	338:355	the SF‑CS scaffold	338:355	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	7	6	theme	osteoblast	1212:1221	arg1	proliferation					1228:1240	osteoblast cell proliferation	1212:1240	osteoblast cell proliferation	1212:1240	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	2	7	theme	bone	286:289	arg1	engineering					298:308	bone tissue engineering	286:308	bone tissue engineering	286:308	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	3	8	theme	adhesion	554:561	arg1	rate					563:566	the cell adhesion rate	545:566	the cell adhesion rate	545:566	On the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds, the cell adhesion rate increased in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	7	9	theme	cell	1223:1226	arg1	proliferation					1228:1240	osteoblast cell proliferation	1212:1240	osteoblast cell proliferation	1212:1240	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	4	10	theme	morphological	694:706	arg1	features					708:715	normal morphological features	687:715	normal morphological features	687:715	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
26530112	8	11	theme	ideal	1364:1368	arg1	material					1379:1386	an ideal scaffold material	1361:1386	an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	1361:1414	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	8	11	theme	ideal	1364:1368	arg1	potential					1348:1356	potential	1348:1356	potential	1348:1356	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	6	12	from	growth	927:932	arg1	surfaces					941:948	the surfaces	937:948	the surfaces of the scaffolds	937:965	The cells exhibited attached growth on the surfaces of the scaffolds, however, the growth also extended into the scaffolds.
26530112	6	13	theme	attached	918:925	arg1	growth					927:932	attached growth	918:932	attached growth on the surfaces of the scaffolds	918:965	The cells exhibited attached growth on the surfaces of the scaffolds, however, the growth also extended into the scaffolds.
26530112	8	14	theme	TGF-β1-SF-CS	1306:1317	arg1	material					1329:1336	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material	1302:1336	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material	1302:1336	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	3	15	theme	SF‑CS	528:532	arg1	scaffolds					534:542	the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds	507:542	the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds	507:542	On the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds, the cell adhesion rate increased in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	1	16	theme	transforming	159:170	arg1	scaffolds					226:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	2	17	theme	osteoblast	436:445	arg1	cells					447:451	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	427:451	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	427:451	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	1	18	theme	growth	172:177	arg1	scaffolds					226:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	7	19	theme	activity	1246:1253	arg1	enhancement					1197:1207	the enhancement	1193:1207	the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1	1193:1263	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	8	20	theme	tissue	1397:1402	arg1	engineering					1404:1414	bone tissue engineering	1392:1414	bone tissue engineering	1392:1414	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	1	21	theme	factor-β1-silk	179:192	arg1	scaffolds					226:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	0	22	theme	In	0:1	arg1	culture					9:15	In vitro culture	0:15	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.	0:89	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	4	23	theme	granular	745:752	arg1	substrates					770:779	granular and filamentous substrates	745:779	granular and filamentous substrates	745:779	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
26530112	1	24	theme	fibroin-chitosan	194:209	arg1	scaffolds					226:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	2	25	theme	hFOB1.19	427:434	arg1	cells					447:451	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	427:451	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	427:451	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	3	26	theme	cell	549:552	arg1	rate					563:566	the cell adhesion rate	545:566	the cell adhesion rate	545:566	On the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds, the cell adhesion rate increased in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	8	27	theme	bone	1392:1395	arg1	engineering					1404:1414	bone tissue engineering	1392:1414	bone tissue engineering	1392:1414	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	2	28	theme	tissue	291:296	arg1	engineering					298:308	bone tissue engineering	286:308	bone tissue engineering	286:308	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	1	29	theme	TGF-β1-SF-CS	212:223	arg1	scaffolds					226:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	159:234	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	0	30	theme	osteoblast	29:38	arg1	cells					40:44	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	20:44	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	20:44	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	4	31	theme	multiple	722:729	arg1	fissions					731:738	multiple fissions	722:738	multiple fissions	722:738	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
26530112	3	32	theme	time‑dependent	583:596	arg1	manner					598:603	a time‑dependent manner	581:603	a time‑dependent manner	581:603	On the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds, the cell adhesion rate increased in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	0	33	theme	hFOB1.19	20:27	arg1	cells					40:44	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	20:44	hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells	20:44	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	7	34	theme	SF‑CS	1172:1176	arg1	scaffolds					1178:1186	the SF‑CS scaffolds	1168:1186	the SF‑CS scaffolds	1168:1186	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	5	35	theme	cell	835:838	arg1	microfilaments					840:853	the cell microfilaments	831:853	the cell microfilaments	831:853	In addition, the cell microfilaments were closely connected with the scaffolds.
26530112	7	36	theme	Counting	1027:1034	arg1	Kit‑8					1036:1040	Cell Counting Kit‑8	1022:1040	Cell Counting Kit‑8	1022:1040	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	1	37	theme	scaffolds	226:234	arg1	biocompatibility					139:154	the biocompatibility	135:154	the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds	135:234	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	7	38	theme	cells	1159:1163	arg1	proliferation					1118:1130	proliferation	1118:1130	proliferation	1118:1130	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	7	38	theme	cells	1159:1163	arg1	growth					1107:1112	growth	1107:1112	growth	1107:1112	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	8	39	theme	scaffold	1370:1377	arg1	material					1379:1386	an ideal scaffold material	1361:1386	an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering	1361:1414	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	8	39	theme	scaffold	1370:1377	arg1	potential					1348:1356	potential	1348:1356	potential	1348:1356	The TGF-β1-SF-CS composite material may offer potential as an ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
26530112	7	40	dep	growth	1107:1112	arg1	the					1103:1105	the	1103:1105	the	1103:1105	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	7	41	theme	Kit‑8	1036:1040	arg1	analyses					1050:1057	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses	1022:1057	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses	1022:1057	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	1	42	theme	present	106:112	arg1	study					114:118	the present study	102:118	the present study	102:118	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	0	43	theme	cells	40:44	arg1	culture					9:15	In vitro culture	0:15	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.	0:89	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	6	44	theme	scaffolds	957:965	arg1	surfaces					941:948	the surfaces	937:948	the surfaces of the scaffolds	937:965	The cells exhibited attached growth on the surfaces of the scaffolds, however, the growth also extended into the scaffolds.
26530112	1	45	theme	study	114:118	arg1	aim					95:97	The aim	91:97	The aim of the present study	91:118	The aim of the present study was to examine the biocompatibility of transforming growth factor-β1-silk fibroin-chitosan (TGF-β1-SF-CS) scaffolds.
26530112	2	46	from	use	279:281	arg1	engineering					298:308	bone tissue engineering	286:308	bone tissue engineering	286:308	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	7	47	theme	Cell	1022:1025	arg1	Kit‑8					1036:1040	Cell Counting Kit‑8	1022:1040	Cell Counting Kit‑8	1022:1040	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	7	48	theme	time‑dependent	1279:1292	arg1	manner					1294:1299	a time‑dependent manner	1277:1299	a time‑dependent manner	1277:1299	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	4	49	theme	Scanning	606:613	arg1	microscopy					624:633	Scanning electron microscopy	606:633	Scanning electron microscopy	606:633	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
26530112	7	50	theme	ALP	1046:1048	arg1	analyses					1050:1057	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses	1022:1057	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses	1022:1057	Cell Counting Kit‑8 and ALP analyses revealed that TGF‑β1 significantly promoted the growth and proliferation of the hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells in the SF‑CS scaffolds, and the enhancement of osteoblast cell proliferation and activity by TGF‑β1 occurred in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	2	51	theme	ideal	260:264	arg1	scaffold					266:273	an ideal scaffold	257:273	an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering	257:308	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	4	52	theme	filamentous	758:768	arg1	substrates					770:779	granular and filamentous substrates	745:779	granular and filamentous substrates	745:779	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
26530112	0	53	theme	three-dimensional	62:78	arg1	scaffolds					80:88	TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds	49:88	TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds	49:88	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	2	54	theme	dimensional	389:399	arg1	scaffold					401:408	a three dimensional scaffold	381:408	a three dimensional scaffold	381:408	In order to provide an ideal scaffold for use in bone tissue engineering, TGF-β1 was introduced into the SF‑CS scaffold in order to reconstruct a three dimensional scaffold, following which hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells were seeded onto TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds.
26530112	3	55	theme	TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS	511:522	arg1	scaffolds					534:542	the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds	507:542	the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds	507:542	On the TGF‑β1‑SF‑CS and SF‑CS scaffolds, the cell adhesion rate increased in a time‑dependent manner.
26530112	0	56	theme	TGF-β1-SF-CS	49:60	arg1	scaffolds					80:88	TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds	49:88	TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds	49:88	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	0	57	dep	In	0:1	arg1	vitro					3:7	vitro	3:7	vitro	3:7	In vitro culture of hFOB1.19 osteoblast cells on TGF-β1-SF-CS three-dimensional scaffolds.
26530112	4	58	theme	normal	687:692	arg1	features					708:715	normal morphological features	687:715	normal morphological features	687:715	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
26530112	4	59	theme	electron	615:622	arg1	microscopy					624:633	Scanning electron microscopy	606:633	Scanning electron microscopy	606:633	Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cells grew actively and exhibited normal morphological features with multiple fissions, and granular and filamentous substrates were observed surrounding the cells.
28901896	9	0	theme	family	1173:1178	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					1180:1194	the family Ruminococcaceae	1169:1194	the family Ruminococcaceae	1169:1194	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain NC1253T to be clearly distinguished from genera in the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	10	1	from	species	1303:1309	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					1325:1339	the family Ruminococcaceae	1314:1339	the family Ruminococcaceae	1314:1339	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	6	2	theme	DSM	731:733	arg1	5476T					735:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T	704:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %)	704:748	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	2	theme	DSM	731:733	arg1	%					747:747	90.8 %	742:747	90.8 %	742:747	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	8	3	theme	DNA	1012:1014	arg1	G+C content					1016:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content	1000:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content	1000:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%.
28901896	8	3	theme	DNA	1012:1014	arg1	%					1040:1040	35.4 mol%	1032:1040	35.4 mol%	1032:1040	The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%.
28901896	10	4	theme	family	1318:1323	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					1325:1339	the family Ruminococcaceae	1314:1339	the family Ruminococcaceae	1314:1339	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	9	5	theme	Phenotypic	1043:1052	arg1	characteristics					1087:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics	1043:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics	1043:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain NC1253T to be clearly distinguished from genera in the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	7	6	dep	iso-C14 	941:948	arg1	 0					950:951	 0	950:951	 0	950:951	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	7	6	dep	iso-C14 	941:948	arg1	anteiso-C15 					954:965	anteiso-C15 	954:965	anteiso-C15 	954:965	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	10	7	theme	novel	1297:1301	arg1	species					1303:1309	novel species	1297:1309	novel species	1297:1309	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	6	8	theme	DSM	777:779	arg1	%					794:794	89.8 %	789:794	89.8 %	789:794	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	8	theme	DSM	777:779	arg1	17241T					781:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T	751:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %)	751:795	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	5	9	theme	Phylogenetic	422:433	arg1	analysis					435:442	Phylogenetic analysis	422:442	Phylogenetic analysis	422:442	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	6	10	dep	Acetanaerobacterium	843:861	arg1	elongatum					863:871	elongatum	863:871	elongatum	863:871	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	11	theme	Clostridium	704:714	arg1	5476T					735:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T	704:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %)	704:748	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	11	theme	Clostridium	704:714	arg1	%					747:747	90.8 %	742:747	90.8 %	742:747	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	4	12	theme	only	400:403	arg1	resource					412:419	the only carbon resource	396:419	the only carbon resource	396:419	NC1253T grew at 4-35 °C, at pH 6.0-8.5 and could grow on chitin as the only carbon resource.
28901896	7	13	dep	 0	950:951	arg1	 0					976:977	 0	976:977	 0	976:977	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	7	13	dep	 0	950:951	arg1	C16 					971:974	C16 	971:974	C16 	971:974	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	7	13	dep	 0	950:951	arg1	 0					996:997	 0	996:997	 0	996:997	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	7	13	dep	 0	950:951	arg1	anteiso-C17 					983:994	anteiso-C17 	983:994	anteiso-C17 	983:994	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	6	14	theme	Anaerotruncus	751:763	arg1	%					794:794	89.8 %	789:794	89.8 %	789:794	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	14	theme	Anaerotruncus	751:763	arg1	17241T					781:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T	751:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %)	751:795	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	1	15	theme	novel	50:54	arg1	anaerobe					85:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe	48:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae	48:122	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	15	theme	novel	50:54	arg1	nov.					42:45	nov.	42:45	nov.	42:45	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	6	16	dep	Clostridium	704:714	arg1	methylpentosum					716:729	methylpentosum	716:729	methylpentosum	716:729	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	2	17	theme	chitinolytic	143:154	arg1	bacterium					156:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium	125:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium	125:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
28901896	10	18	theme	taxonomic	1224:1232	arg1	data					1234:1237	polyphasic taxonomic data	1213:1237	polyphasic taxonomic data	1213:1237	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	9	19	theme	phylogenetic	1074:1085	arg1	characteristics					1087:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics	1043:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics	1043:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain NC1253T to be clearly distinguished from genera in the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	20	theme	psychrotolerant	56:70	arg1	anaerobe					85:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe	48:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae	48:122	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	20	theme	psychrotolerant	56:70	arg1	nov.					42:45	nov.	42:45	nov.	42:45	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	2	21	theme	psychrotolerant	127:141	arg1	bacterium					156:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium	125:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium	125:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
28901896	6	22	with	similarity	616:625	arg1	V20-281aT					684:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT	660:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %)	660:701	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	22	with	similarity	616:625	arg1	15702T					822:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T	798:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %)	798:836	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	22	with	similarity	616:625	arg1	5476T					735:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T	704:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %)	704:748	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	22	with	similarity	616:625	arg1	Z7T					873:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T	843:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %)	843:884	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	22	with	similarity	616:625	arg1	17241T					781:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T	751:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %)	751:795	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	22	with	similarity	616:625	arg1	strains					643:649	other type strains	632:649	other type strains	632:649	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	5	23	theme	family	556:561	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					563:577	the family Ruminococcaceae	552:577	the family Ruminococcaceae	552:577	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	24	theme	chitinolytic	72:83	arg1	anaerobe					85:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe	48:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae	48:122	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	24	theme	chitinolytic	72:83	arg1	nov.					42:45	nov.	42:45	nov.	42:45	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	6	25	theme	acetispora	673:682	arg1	V20-281aT					684:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT	660:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %)	660:701	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	25	theme	acetispora	673:682	arg1	%					700:700	90.9 %	695:700	90.9 %	695:700	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	2	26	attach	isolated	191:198	arg2	bacterium					156:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium	125:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium	125:164	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
28901896	2	26	attach	isolated	191:198	arg1	wetland					211:217	Zoige wetland	205:217	Zoige wetland	205:217	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
28901896	6	27	dep	similarity	616:625	arg1	%					614:614	%	614:614	%	614:614	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	7	28	theme	cellular	915:922	arg1	acids					930:934	the cellular fatty acids	911:934	the cellular fatty acids	911:934	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	6	29	theme	Harryflintia	660:671	arg1	V20-281aT					684:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT	660:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %)	660:701	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	29	theme	Harryflintia	660:671	arg1	%					700:700	90.9 %	695:700	90.9 %	695:700	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	12	30	theme	104738T=KCTC	1455:1466	arg1	15582T					1468:1473	DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T	1451:1473	DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T	1451:1473	The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
28901896	12	30	theme	104738T=KCTC	1455:1466	arg1	NC1253T					1442:1448	NC1253T	1442:1448	NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T)	1442:1474	The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
28901896	10	31	theme	gen.	1388:1391	arg1	sp					1399:1400	sp	1399:1400	sp	1399:1400	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	10	31	theme	gen.	1388:1391	arg1	nov.					1393:1396	gen. nov.	1388:1396	gen. nov.	1388:1396	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	9	32	theme	strain	1111:1116	arg1	NC1253T					1118:1124	strain NC1253T	1111:1124	strain NC1253T	1111:1124	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain NC1253T to be clearly distinguished from genera in the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	5	33	theme	16S	458:460	arg1	rRNA					462:465	the 16S rRNA	454:465	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	454:479	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	0	34	theme	gen.	27:30	arg1	sp					38:39	sp	38:39	sp	38:39	Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	0	34	theme	gen.	27:30	arg1	nov.					32:35	gen. nov.	27:35	gen. nov.	27:35	Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	3	35	theme	spore-forming	290:302	arg1	strain					256:261	This strain	251:261	This strain	251:261	This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe.
28901896	3	35	theme	spore-forming	290:302	arg1	anaerobe					319:326	a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe	267:326	a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe	267:326	This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe.
28901896	6	36	theme	DSM	818:820	arg1	15702T					822:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T	798:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %)	798:836	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	36	theme	DSM	818:820	arg1	%					835:835	89.6 %	830:835	89.6 %	830:835	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	10	37	dep	data	1234:1237	arg1	the					1200:1202	the	1200:1202	the	1200:1202	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	10	37	dep	data	1234:1237	arg1	basis					1204:1208	basis	1204:1208	basis	1204:1208	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	5	38	theme	rRNA	462:465	arg1	sequence					472:479	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	454:479	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	454:479	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	10	39	theme	novel	1281:1285	arg1	genus					1287:1291	a novel genus	1279:1291	a novel genus	1279:1291	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	5	40	theme	gene	467:470	arg1	sequence					472:479	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	454:479	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	454:479	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	6	41	dep	Eubacterium	798:808	arg1	siraeum					810:816	siraeum	810:816	siraeum	810:816	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	3	42	theme	Gram-stain-positive	269:287	arg1	strain					256:261	This strain	251:261	This strain	251:261	This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe.
28901896	3	42	theme	Gram-stain-positive	269:287	arg1	anaerobe					319:326	a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe	267:326	a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe	267:326	This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe.
28901896	6	43	theme	Eubacterium	798:808	arg1	15702T					822:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T	798:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %)	798:836	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	43	theme	Eubacterium	798:808	arg1	%					835:835	89.6 %	830:835	89.6 %	830:835	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	2	44	theme	Qinghai-Tibetan	226:240	arg1	Plateau					242:248	the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau	222:248	the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau	222:248	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
28901896	5	45	theme	novel	523:527	arg1	genus					539:543	a novel bacterial genus	521:543	a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae	521:577	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	8	46	theme	35.4 mol	1032:1039	arg1	G+C content					1016:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content	1000:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content	1000:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%.
28901896	8	46	theme	35.4 mol	1032:1039	arg1	%					1040:1040	35.4 mol%	1032:1040	35.4 mol%	1032:1040	The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%.
28901896	9	47	theme	chemotaxonomic	1055:1068	arg1	characteristics					1087:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics	1043:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics	1043:1101	Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain NC1253T to be clearly distinguished from genera in the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	5	48	theme	bacterial	529:537	arg1	genus					539:543	a novel bacterial genus	521:543	a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae	521:577	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	49	theme	family	101:106	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					108:122	the family Ruminococcaceae	97:122	the family Ruminococcaceae	97:122	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	10	50	theme	name	1356:1359	arg1	Paludicola					1361:1370	the name Paludicola	1352:1370	the name Paludicola	1352:1370	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	12	51	theme	DSM	1451:1453	arg1	15582T					1468:1473	DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T	1451:1473	DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T	1451:1473	The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
28901896	12	51	theme	DSM	1451:1453	arg1	NC1253T					1442:1448	NC1253T	1442:1448	NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T)	1442:1474	The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
28901896	4	52	theme	carbon	405:410	arg1	resource					412:419	the only carbon resource	396:419	the only carbon resource	396:419	NC1253T grew at 4-35 °C, at pH 6.0-8.5 and could grow on chitin as the only carbon resource.
28901896	6	53	contain	has	595:597	arg1	NC1253T					587:593	Strain NC1253T	580:593	Strain NC1253T	580:593	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	53	contain	has	595:597	arg2	similarity					616:625	less than 91.0 % similarity	599:625	less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %)	599:884	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	1	54	theme	Ruminococcaceae	108:122	arg1	anaerobe					85:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe	48:92	a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae	48:122	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	1	54	theme	Ruminococcaceae	108:122	arg1	nov.					42:45	nov.	42:45	nov.	42:45	nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	2	55	theme	Zoige	205:209	arg1	wetland					211:217	Zoige wetland	205:217	Zoige wetland	205:217	A psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
28901896	6	56	dep	%	614:614	arg1	91.0 					609:613	91.0 	609:613	91.0 	609:613	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	57	theme	type	638:641	arg1	V20-281aT					684:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT	660:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %)	660:701	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	57	theme	type	638:641	arg1	15702T					822:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T	798:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %)	798:836	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	57	theme	type	638:641	arg1	5476T					735:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T	704:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %)	704:748	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	57	theme	type	638:641	arg1	Z7T					873:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T	843:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %)	843:884	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	57	theme	type	638:641	arg1	17241T					781:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T	751:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %)	751:795	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	57	theme	type	638:641	arg1	strains					643:649	other type strains	632:649	other type strains	632:649	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	3	58	theme	rod-shaped	308:317	arg1	strain					256:261	This strain	251:261	This strain	251:261	This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe.
28901896	3	58	theme	rod-shaped	308:317	arg1	anaerobe					319:326	a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe	267:326	a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe	267:326	This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe.
28901896	7	59	theme	acids	930:934	arg1	iso-C14 					941:948	iso-C14 	941:948	iso-C14 	941:948	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	7	59	theme	acids	930:934	arg1	components					897:906	The major components	887:906	The major components of the cellular fatty acids	887:934	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	5	60	theme	strain	494:499	arg1	NC1253T					501:507	strain NC1253T	494:507	strain NC1253T	494:507	Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae.
28901896	6	61	dep	Anaerotruncus	751:763	arg1	colihominis					765:775	colihominis	765:775	colihominis	765:775	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	62	theme	other	632:636	arg1	V20-281aT					684:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT	660:692	Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %)	660:701	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	62	theme	other	632:636	arg1	15702T					822:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T	798:827	Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %)	798:836	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	62	theme	other	632:636	arg1	5476T					735:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T	704:739	Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %)	704:748	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	62	theme	other	632:636	arg1	Z7T					873:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T	843:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %)	843:884	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	62	theme	other	632:636	arg1	17241T					781:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T	751:786	Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %)	751:795	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	62	theme	other	632:636	arg1	strains					643:649	other type strains	632:649	other type strains	632:649	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	10	63	theme	polyphasic	1213:1222	arg1	data					1234:1237	polyphasic taxonomic data	1213:1237	polyphasic taxonomic data	1213:1237	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	8	64	theme	genomic	1004:1010	arg1	G+C content					1016:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content	1000:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content	1000:1026	The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%.
28901896	8	64	theme	genomic	1004:1010	arg1	%					1040:1040	35.4 mol%	1032:1040	35.4 mol%	1032:1040	The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%.
28901896	7	65	theme	fatty	924:928	arg1	acids					930:934	the cellular fatty acids	911:934	the cellular fatty acids	911:934	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	6	66	theme	Acetanaerobacterium	843:861	arg1	Z7T					873:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T	843:875	Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %)	843:884	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	66	theme	Acetanaerobacterium	843:861	arg1	%					883:883	89.6 %	878:883	89.6 %	878:883	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	6	67	theme	Strain	580:585	arg1	NC1253T					587:593	Strain NC1253T	580:593	Strain NC1253T	580:593	Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %).
28901896	7	68	theme	major	891:895	arg1	iso-C14 					941:948	iso-C14 	941:948	iso-C14 	941:948	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	7	68	theme	major	891:895	arg1	components					897:906	The major components	887:906	The major components of the cellular fatty acids	887:934	The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28901896	10	69	from	genus	1287:1291	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					1325:1339	the family Ruminococcaceae	1314:1339	the family Ruminococcaceae	1314:1339	On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp.
28901896	12	70	theme	type	1426:1429	arg1	NC1253T					1442:1448	NC1253T	1442:1448	NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T)	1442:1474	The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
28901896	12	70	theme	type	1426:1429	arg1	species					1431:1437	The type species	1422:1437	The type species	1422:1437	The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
26905395	5	0	theme	16S	558:560	arg1	comparisons					581:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	10	1	theme	biochemical	1124:1134	arg1	tests					1136:1140	physiological and biochemical tests	1106:1140	physiological and biochemical tests	1106:1140	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	4	2	theme	0-7 	509:512	arg1	%					513:513	%	513:513	%	513:513	Growth occurred at 15-37 °C, pH 6.0-11.0 and in the presence of 0-7 % (w/v) NaCl.
26905395	5	3	theme	rRNA	562:565	arg1	comparisons					581:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	9	4	theme	genus	1027:1031	arg1	Cellulosimicrobium					1033:1050	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1023:1050	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1023:1050	These chemotaxonomic features corresponded to those of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	2	5	theme	stain positive	97:110	arg1	actinobacterium					112:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	5	6	theme	gene	567:570	arg1	comparisons					581:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	10	7	theme	physiological	1106:1118	arg1	tests					1136:1140	physiological and biochemical tests	1106:1140	physiological and biochemical tests	1106:1140	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	13	8	theme	110994	1440:1445	arg1	A726					1457:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726	1434:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)	1434:1463	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	13	8	theme	110994	1440:1445	arg1	T					1462:1462	T	1462:1462	T	1462:1462	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	5	9	theme	sequence	572:579	arg1	comparisons					581:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	558:591	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	7	10	theme	predominant	820:830	arg1	menaquinone					832:842	The predominant menaquinone	816:842	The predominant menaquinone	816:842	The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4), and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0.
26905395	7	10	theme	predominant	820:830	arg1	MK-9					848:851	MK-9	848:851	MK-9(H4)	848:855	The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4), and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0.
26905395	13	11	theme	type	1408:1411	arg1	RS-7-4					1423:1428	RS-7-4	1423:1428	RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T))	1423:1464	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	13	11	theme	type	1408:1411	arg1	strain					1413:1418	The type strain	1404:1418	The type strain	1404:1418	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	4	12	theme	%	513:513	arg1	NaCl					521:524	0-7 % (w/v) NaCl	509:524	0-7 % (w/v) NaCl	509:524	Growth occurred at 15-37 °C, pH 6.0-11.0 and in the presence of 0-7 % (w/v) NaCl.
26905395	11	13	theme	strain	1259:1264	arg1	RS-7-4					1266:1271	strain RS-7-4	1259:1271	strain RS-7-4(T)	1259:1274	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	11	13	theme	strain	1259:1264	arg1	T					1273:1273	T	1273:1273	T	1273:1273	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	5	14	theme	%	731:731	arg1	range					710:714	a similarity range	697:714	a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %	697:731	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	3	15	theme	short	416:420	arg1	rods					422:425	short rods	416:425	short rods to coccoid cells	416:442	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	1	16	theme	sea	70:72	arg1	sediment					74:81	sea sediment	70:81	sea sediment	70:81	nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sea sediment.
26905395	10	17	theme	strain	1156:1161	arg1	T					1170:1170	T	1170:1170	T	1170:1170	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	10	17	theme	strain	1156:1161	arg1	RS-7-4					1163:1168	strain RS-7-4	1156:1168	strain RS-7-4(T)	1156:1171	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	13	18	theme	 =InaCC	1449:1455	arg1	A726					1457:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726	1434:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)	1434:1463	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	13	18	theme	 =InaCC	1449:1455	arg1	T					1462:1462	T	1462:1462	T	1462:1462	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	5	19	theme	similarity	699:708	arg1	range					710:714	a similarity range	697:714	a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %	697:731	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	3	20	theme	hyphae	382:387	arg1	phase					357:361	the early phase	347:361	the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells	347:442	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	0	21	theme	marinum	19:25	arg1	sp					27:28	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	0:28	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.	0:29	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	6	22	theme	RS-7-4	767:772	arg1	type					752:755	The peptidoglycan type	734:755	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T)	734:775	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	6	22	theme	RS-7-4	767:772	arg1	L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp					797:813	A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp	793:813	A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp	793:813	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	11	23	dep	name	1350:1353	arg1	sp					1382:1383	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	1355:1383	the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	1346:1383	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	0	24	theme	Cellulosimicrobium	0:17	arg1	sp					27:28	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	0:28	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.	0:29	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	10	25	from	species	1207:1213	arg1	different					1177:1185	different	1177:1185	different	1177:1185	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	5	26	theme	Phylogenetic	527:538	arg1	analysis					540:547	Phylogenetic analysis	527:547	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons	527:591	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	3	27	theme	vegetative	326:335	arg1	hyphae					337:342	vegetative hyphae	326:342	vegetative hyphae	326:342	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	1	28	attach	isolated	56:63	arg2	actinobacterium					40:54	an actinobacterium	37:54	an actinobacterium isolated from sea sediment	37:81	nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sea sediment.
26905395	1	28	attach	isolated	56:63	arg1	sediment					74:81	sea sediment	70:81	sea sediment	70:81	nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sea sediment.
26905395	8	29	theme	DNA	937:939	arg1	content					945:951	The DNA G+C content	933:951	The DNA G+C content	933:951	The DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%.
26905395	8	29	theme	DNA	937:939	arg1	%					965:965	75.6 mol%	957:965	75.6 mol%	957:965	The DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%.
26905395	10	30	theme	Cellulosimicrobium	1228:1245	arg1	species					1207:1213	the recognized species	1192:1213	the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1192:1245	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	11	31	theme	genus	1310:1314	arg1	Cellulosimicrobium					1316:1333	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1306:1333	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1306:1333	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	2	32	attach	isolated	155:162	arg2	actinobacterium					112:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	2	32	attach	isolated	155:162	arg1	sample					184:189	a sea sediment sample	169:189	a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia	169:212	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	11	33	theme	marinum	1374:1380	arg1	sp					1382:1383	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	1355:1383	the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	1346:1383	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	6	34	theme	strain	760:765	arg1	T					774:774	T	774:774	T	774:774	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	6	34	theme	strain	760:765	arg1	RS-7-4					767:772	strain RS-7-4	760:772	strain RS-7-4(T)	760:775	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	2	35	theme	polyphasic	267:276	arg1	approach					278:285	a polyphasic approach	265:285	a polyphasic approach	265:285	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	1	36	dep	actinobacterium	40:54	arg1	nov.					31:34	nov.	31:34	nov.	31:34	nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sea sediment.
26905395	5	37	theme	genus	666:670	arg1	Cellulosimicrobium					672:689	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	662:689	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	662:689	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	11	38	theme	novel	1289:1293	arg1	species					1295:1301	a novel species	1287:1301	a novel species	1287:1301	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	4	39	dep	%	513:513	arg1	w/v					516:518	w/v	516:518	w/v	516:518	Growth occurred at 15-37 °C, pH 6.0-11.0 and in the presence of 0-7 % (w/v) NaCl.
26905395	5	40	with	related	636:642	arg1	range					710:714	a similarity range	697:714	a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %	697:731	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	3	41	theme	growth	366:371	arg1	phase					357:361	the early phase	347:361	the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells	347:442	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	2	42	theme	Gram	92:95	arg1	actinobacterium					112:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	5	43	theme	Cellulosimicrobium	672:689	arg1	members					651:657	the members	647:657	the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium	647:689	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	7	44	theme	major	866:870	arg1	anteiso-C15:0					889:901	anteiso-C15:0	889:901	anteiso-C15:0	889:901	The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4), and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0.
26905395	7	44	theme	major	866:870	arg1	acids					878:882	the major fatty acids	862:882	the major fatty acids	862:882	The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4), and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0.
26905395	3	45	theme	early	351:355	arg1	phase					357:361	the early phase	347:361	the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells	347:442	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	2	46	theme	novel	86:90	arg1	actinobacterium					112:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium	84:126	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	8	47	theme	75.6 mol	957:964	arg1	content					945:951	The DNA G+C content	933:951	The DNA G+C content	933:951	The DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%.
26905395	8	47	theme	75.6 mol	957:964	arg1	%					965:965	75.6 mol%	957:965	75.6 mol%	957:965	The DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%.
26905395	6	48	theme	peptidoglycan	738:750	arg1	type					752:755	The peptidoglycan type	734:755	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T)	734:775	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	6	48	theme	peptidoglycan	738:750	arg1	L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp					797:813	A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp	793:813	A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp	793:813	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	7	49	theme	fatty	872:876	arg1	anteiso-C15:0					889:901	anteiso-C15:0	889:901	anteiso-C15:0	889:901	The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4), and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0.
26905395	7	49	theme	fatty	872:876	arg1	acids					878:882	the major fatty acids	862:882	the major fatty acids	862:882	The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4), and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0.
26905395	3	50	theme	coccoid	430:436	arg1	cells					438:442	coccoid cells	430:442	coccoid cells	430:442	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	8	51	theme	G+C	941:943	arg1	content					945:951	The DNA G+C content	933:951	The DNA G+C content	933:951	The DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%.
26905395	8	51	theme	G+C	941:943	arg1	%					965:965	75.6 mol%	957:965	75.6 mol%	957:965	The DNA G+C content was 75.6 mol%.
26905395	3	52	theme	Strain	288:293	arg1	T					302:302	T	302:302	T	302:302	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	3	52	theme	Strain	288:293	arg1	RS-7-4					295:300	Strain RS-7-4	288:300	Strain RS-7-4(T)	288:303	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	3	53	dep	hyphae	382:387	arg1	fragmented					400:409	fragmented	400:409	fragmented	400:409	Strain RS-7-4(T) was observed to form vegetative hyphae in the early phase of growth, but the hyphae eventually fragmented into short rods to coccoid cells.
26905395	6	54	theme	A4α	793:795	arg1	type					752:755	The peptidoglycan type	734:755	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T)	734:775	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	6	54	theme	A4α	793:795	arg1	L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp					797:813	A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp	793:813	A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp	793:813	The peptidoglycan type of strain RS-7-4(T) was found to be A4α L-Lys-L-Thr-D-Asp.
26905395	13	55	theme	T	1447:1447	arg1	A726					1457:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726	1434:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)	1434:1463	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	13	55	theme	T	1447:1447	arg1	T					1462:1462	T	1462:1462	T	1462:1462	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	2	56	theme	sediment	175:182	arg1	sample					184:189	a sea sediment sample	169:189	a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia	169:212	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	9	57	theme	chemotaxonomic	974:987	arg1	features					989:996	These chemotaxonomic features	968:996	These chemotaxonomic features	968:996	These chemotaxonomic features corresponded to those of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	5	58	theme	strain	607:612	arg1	T					621:621	T	621:621	T	621:621	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	5	58	theme	strain	607:612	arg1	RS-7-4					614:619	strain RS-7-4	607:619	strain RS-7-4(T)	607:622	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was closely related to the members of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, with a similarity range of 98.08-99.10 %.
26905395	2	59	theme	sea	171:173	arg1	sample					184:189	a sea sediment sample	169:189	a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia	169:212	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	2	60	theme	taxonomic	223:231	arg1	position					233:240	its taxonomic position	219:240	its taxonomic position	219:240	A novel Gram stain positive actinobacterium, designated RS-7-4(T), was isolated from a sea sediment sample collected in Indonesia, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach.
26905395	10	61	theme	genus	1222:1226	arg1	Cellulosimicrobium					1228:1245	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1218:1245	the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1218:1245	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	13	62	theme	=NBRC	1434:1438	arg1	A726					1457:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726	1434:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)	1434:1463	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	13	62	theme	=NBRC	1434:1438	arg1	T					1462:1462	T	1462:1462	T	1462:1462	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	10	63	theme	hybridization	1087:1099	arg1	Meanwhile					1053:1061	Meanwhile	1053:1061	Meanwhile	1053:1061	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	10	63	theme	hybridization	1087:1099	arg1	results					1068:1074	the results	1064:1074	the results of DNA-DNA hybridization	1064:1099	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	10	63	theme	hybridization	1087:1099	arg1	tests					1136:1140	physiological and biochemical tests	1106:1140	physiological and biochemical tests	1106:1140	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	11	64	theme	Cellulosimicrobium	1316:1333	arg1	species					1295:1301	a novel species	1287:1301	a novel species	1287:1301	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	13	65	dep	RS-7-4	1423:1428	arg1	A726					1457:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726	1434:1460	=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)	1434:1463	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	13	65	dep	RS-7-4	1423:1428	arg1	T					1462:1462	T	1462:1462	T	1462:1462	The type strain is RS-7-4(T) (=NBRC 110994(T) =InaCC A726(T)).
26905395	10	66	theme	DNA-DNA	1079:1085	arg1	hybridization					1087:1099	DNA-DNA hybridization	1079:1099	DNA-DNA hybridization	1079:1099	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	10	67	theme	recognized	1196:1205	arg1	species					1207:1213	the recognized species	1192:1213	the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium	1192:1245	Meanwhile, the results of DNA-DNA hybridization, and physiological and biochemical tests revealed that strain RS-7-4(T) was different from the recognized species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium.
26905395	11	68	theme	Cellulosimicrobium	1355:1372	arg1	sp					1382:1383	Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	1355:1383	the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp	1346:1383	Therefore, strain RS-7-4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium marinum sp.
26905395	4	69	theme	NaCl	521:524	arg1	presence					497:504	the presence	493:504	the presence of 0-7 % (w/v) NaCl	493:524	Growth occurred at 15-37 °C, pH 6.0-11.0 and in the presence of 0-7 % (w/v) NaCl.
25834078	1	0	with	patients	161:168	arg1	dysplasia					189:197	developmental dysplasia	175:197	developmental dysplasia of the hip	175:208	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	5	1	contain	had	750:752	arg1	Twenty-eight					712:723	Twenty-eight	712:723	Twenty-eight	712:723	Twenty-eight of the thirty-seven also had two-year scans.
25834078	5	1	contain	had	750:752	arg1	thirty-seven					732:743	the thirty-seven	728:743	the thirty-seven	728:743	Twenty-eight of the thirty-seven also had two-year scans.
25834078	5	1	contain	had	750:752	arg2	scans					763:767	two-year scans	754:767	two-year scans	754:767	Twenty-eight of the thirty-seven also had two-year scans.
25834078	3	2	theme	thirty-seven	487:498	arg1	study					480:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	2	theme	thirty-seven	487:498	arg1	patients					500:507	thirty-seven patients	487:507	thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis	487:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	2	theme	thirty-seven	487:498	arg1	hips					523:526	thirty-seven hips	510:526	thirty-seven hips	510:526	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	7	3	from	years	1170:1174	arg1	ms					1160:1161	529.2 ± 99.1 ms	1147:1161	529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively	1147:1190	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	10	4	from	loading	1741:1747	arg1	hip					1779:1781	the hip	1775:1781	the hip	1775:1781	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	3	5	with	patients	500:507	arg1	no					534:535	no	534:535	no	534:535	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	5	with	patients	500:507	arg1	osteoarthritis					548:561	minimal osteoarthritis	540:561	minimal osteoarthritis	540:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	2	6	theme	cartilage	356:364	arg1	imaging					345:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging	298:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC)	298:374	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	8	7	from	decrease	1351:1358	arg1	loading					1374:1380	mechanical loading	1363:1380	mechanical loading	1363:1380	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	7	8	theme	dGEMRIC	978:984	arg1	deviation					1006:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	8	theme	dGEMRIC	978:984	arg1	ms					1035:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	8	theme	dGEMRIC	978:984	arg1	index					986:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index	956:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation)	956:1015	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	9	theme	standard	997:1004	arg1	deviation					1006:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	9	theme	standard	997:1004	arg1	index					986:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index	956:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation)	956:1015	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	6	10	theme	preoperative	833:844	arg1	visit					846:850	the preoperative visit	829:850	the preoperative visit	829:850	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	6	11	from	changes	774:780	arg1	findings					793:800	dGEMRIC findings	785:800	dGEMRIC findings	785:800	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	6	11	from	changes	774:780	arg1	morphology					810:819	hip morphology	806:819	hip morphology	806:819	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	3	12	theme	minimal	540:546	arg1	osteoarthritis					548:561	minimal osteoarthritis	540:561	minimal osteoarthritis	540:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	5	13	theme	two-year	754:761	arg1	scans					763:767	two-year scans	754:767	two-year scans	754:767	Twenty-eight of the thirty-seven also had two-year scans.
25834078	9	14	theme	postoperative	1595:1607	arg1	visits					1609:1614	the postoperative visits	1591:1614	the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001)	1591:1630	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	14	theme	postoperative	1595:1607	arg1	<					1623:1623	all p < 0.001	1617:1629	all p < 0.001	1617:1629	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	10	15	theme	Periacetabular	1645:1658	arg1	osteotomy					1660:1668	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy	1633:1668	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip	1633:1707	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	10	16	theme	mechanical	1730:1739	arg1	loading					1741:1747	the mechanical loading	1726:1747	the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC	1726:1864	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	2	17	theme	magnetic	326:333	arg1	imaging					345:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging	298:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC)	298:374	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	6	18	theme	periacetabular	908:921	arg1	osteotomy					923:931	the periacetabular osteotomy	904:931	the periacetabular osteotomy	904:931	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	7	19	dep	RESULTS	948:954	arg1	ms					1035:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	19	dep	RESULTS	948:954	arg1	index					986:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index	956:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation)	956:1015	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	10	20	theme	cartilage	1762:1770	arg1	loading					1741:1747	the mechanical loading	1726:1747	the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC	1726:1864	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	8	21	theme	cartilage	1245:1253	arg1	index					1221:1225	the dGEMRIC index	1209:1225	the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage	1209:1253	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	1	22	theme	developmental	175:187	arg1	dysplasia					189:197	developmental dysplasia	175:197	developmental dysplasia of the hip	175:208	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	8	23	theme	dGEMRIC	1213:1219	arg1	index					1221:1225	the dGEMRIC index	1209:1225	the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage	1209:1253	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	7	24	theme	periacetabular	1092:1105	arg1	osteotomy					1107:1115	periacetabular osteotomy	1092:1115	periacetabular osteotomy	1092:1115	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	25	theme	preoperative	965:976	arg1	deviation					1006:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	25	theme	preoperative	965:976	arg1	ms					1035:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	25	theme	preoperative	965:976	arg1	index					986:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index	956:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation)	956:1015	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	2	26	theme	proteoglycan	259:270	arg1	content					272:278	the proteoglycan content	255:278	the proteoglycan content	255:278	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	4	27	theme	preoperative	661:672	arg1	scans					705:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	All patients had preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans.
25834078	0	28	theme	periacetabular	5:18	arg1	osteotomy					20:28	periacetabular osteotomy	5:28	periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia	5:46	Does periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia modulate cartilage biochemistry?
25834078	3	29	theme	thirty-seven	510:521	arg1	patients					500:507	thirty-seven patients	487:507	thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis	487:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	29	theme	thirty-seven	510:521	arg1	hips					523:526	thirty-seven hips	510:526	thirty-seven hips	510:526	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	6	30	theme	hip	806:808	arg1	morphology					810:819	hip morphology	806:819	hip morphology	806:819	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	2	31	theme	gadolinium-enhanced	306:324	arg1	imaging					345:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging	298:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC)	298:374	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	4	32	theme	follow-up	687:695	arg1	scans					705:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	All patients had preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans.
25834078	2	33	theme	joint	425:429	arg1	biomechanics					431:442	the hip joint biomechanics	417:442	the hip joint biomechanics	417:442	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	10	34	theme	hip	1705:1707	arg1	osteotomy					1660:1668	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy	1633:1668	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip	1633:1707	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	2	35	theme	delayed	298:304	arg1	imaging					345:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging	298:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC)	298:374	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	4	36	theme	one-year	678:685	arg1	scans					705:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	All patients had preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans.
25834078	2	37	theme	hip	421:423	arg1	biomechanics					431:442	the hip joint biomechanics	417:442	the hip joint biomechanics	417:442	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	7	38	from	year	1081:1084	arg1	ms					1071:1072	515.2 ± 118.4 ms	1057:1072	515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year	1057:1084	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	39	theme	mean	960:963	arg1	deviation					1006:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	standard deviation	997:1014	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	39	theme	mean	960:963	arg1	ms					1035:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	561.6 ± 117.6 ms	1021:1036	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	7	39	theme	mean	960:963	arg1	index					986:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index	956:990	The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation)	956:1015	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	1	40	theme	periacetabular	103:116	arg1	osteotomy					118:126	periacetabular osteotomy	103:126	periacetabular osteotomy	103:126	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	10	41	theme	cartilage	1809:1817	arg1	composition					1826:1836	the cartilage matrix composition	1805:1836	the cartilage matrix composition	1805:1836	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	1	42	theme	hip	206:208	arg1	dysplasia					189:197	developmental dysplasia	175:197	developmental dysplasia of the hip	175:208	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	7	43	theme	±	1063:1063	arg1	ms					1071:1072	515.2 ± 118.4 ms	1057:1072	515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year	1057:1084	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	9	44	theme	Osteoarthritis	1500:1513	arg1	WOMAC					1522:1526	WOMAC	1522:1526	WOMAC	1522:1526	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	44	theme	Osteoarthritis	1500:1513	arg1	Index					1515:1519	Osteoarthritis Index	1500:1519	Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)	1500:1527	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	1	45	theme	osteotomy	118:126	arg1	aim					96:98	The aim	92:98	The aim of periacetabular osteotomy	92:126	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	8	46	theme	superior	1306:1313	arg1	aspect					1315:1320	the superior aspect	1302:1320	the superior aspect	1302:1320	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	7	47	theme	±	1153:1153	arg1	ms					1160:1161	529.2 ± 99.1 ms	1147:1161	529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively	1147:1190	RESULTS The mean preoperative dGEMRIC index (and standard deviation) was 561.6 ± 117.6 ms; this decreased to 515.2 ± 118.4 ms at one year after periacetabular osteotomy but subsequently recovered to 529.2 ± 99.1 ms at two years postoperatively.
25834078	5	48	theme	thirty-seven	732:743	arg1	Twenty-eight					712:723	Twenty-eight	712:723	Twenty-eight	712:723	Twenty-eight of the thirty-seven also had two-year scans.
25834078	5	48	theme	thirty-seven	732:743	arg1	thirty-seven					732:743	the thirty-seven	728:743	the thirty-seven	728:743	Twenty-eight of the thirty-seven also had two-year scans.
25834078	4	49	contain	had	657:659	arg1	patients					648:655	All patients	644:655	All patients	644:655	All patients had preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans.
25834078	4	49	contain	had	657:659	arg2	scans					705:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	All patients had preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans.
25834078	3	50	theme	periacetabular	581:594	arg1	osteotomy					596:604	periacetabular osteotomy	581:604	periacetabular osteotomy	581:604	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	8	51	theme	acetabular	1234:1243	arg1	cartilage					1245:1253	the acetabular cartilage	1230:1253	the acetabular cartilage	1230:1253	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	9	52	theme	Ontario	1466:1472	arg1	domains					1443:1449	All domains	1439:1449	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)	1439:1527	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	52	theme	Ontario	1466:1472	arg1	Ontario					1466:1472	the Western Ontario	1454:1472	the Western Ontario	1454:1472	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	52	theme	Ontario	1466:1472	arg1	Universities					1487:1498	Universities	1487:1498	Universities	1487:1498	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	0	53	theme	hip	34:36	arg1	dysplasia					38:46	hip dysplasia	34:46	hip dysplasia	34:46	Does periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia modulate cartilage biochemistry?
25834078	8	54	from	aspect	1315:1320	arg1	pronounced					1288:1297	pronounced	1288:1297	pronounced	1288:1297	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	8	54	from	aspect	1315:1320	arg1	decrease					1197:1204	The decrease	1193:1204	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery	1193:1267	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	6	55	from	years	888:892	arg1	examinations					860:871	the examinations	856:871	the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy	856:931	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	6	55	from	years	888:892	arg1	changes					774:780	The changes	770:780	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit	770:850	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	6	56	theme	dGEMRIC	785:791	arg1	findings					793:800	dGEMRIC findings	785:800	dGEMRIC findings	785:800	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	10	57	theme	developmental	1674:1686	arg1	dysplasia					1688:1696	developmental dysplasia	1674:1696	developmental dysplasia	1674:1696	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	0	58	theme	cartilage	57:65	arg1	biochemistry					67:78	cartilage biochemistry	57:78	cartilage biochemistry	57:78	Does periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia modulate cartilage biochemistry?
25834078	10	59	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1633:1643	arg1	osteotomy					1660:1668	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy	1633:1668	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip	1633:1707	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	3	60	from	METHODS	445:451	arg1	study					480:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	60	from	METHODS	445:451	arg1	patients					500:507	thirty-seven patients	487:507	thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis	487:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	1	61	dep	BACKGROUND	81:90	arg1	is					128:129	is	128:129	is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip	128:208	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	6	62	from	examinations	860:871	arg1	findings					793:800	dGEMRIC findings	785:800	dGEMRIC findings	785:800	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	6	62	from	examinations	860:871	arg1	morphology					810:819	hip morphology	806:819	hip morphology	806:819	The changes in dGEMRIC findings and hip morphology between the preoperative visit and the examinations at one and two years following the periacetabular osteotomy were assessed.
25834078	9	63	theme	significant	1542:1552	arg1	improvement					1554:1564	significant improvement	1542:1564	significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001)	1542:1630	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	8	64	theme	periacetabular	1388:1401	arg1	osteotomy					1403:1411	periacetabular osteotomy	1388:1411	periacetabular osteotomy	1388:1411	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	9	65	theme	Western	1458:1464	arg1	Ontario					1466:1472	the Western Ontario	1454:1472	the Western Ontario	1454:1472	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	66	theme	Universities	1487:1498	arg1	domains					1443:1449	All domains	1439:1449	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)	1439:1527	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	66	theme	Universities	1487:1498	arg1	Ontario					1466:1472	the Western Ontario	1454:1472	the Western Ontario	1454:1472	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	66	theme	Universities	1487:1498	arg1	Universities					1487:1498	Universities	1487:1498	Universities	1487:1498	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	10	67	theme	matrix	1819:1824	arg1	composition					1826:1836	the cartilage matrix composition	1805:1836	the cartilage matrix composition	1805:1836	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	9	68	dep	Ontario	1466:1472	arg1	WOMAC					1522:1526	WOMAC	1522:1526	WOMAC	1522:1526	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	68	dep	Ontario	1466:1472	arg1	Index					1515:1519	Osteoarthritis Index	1500:1519	Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)	1500:1527	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	3	69	theme	acetabular	622:631	arg1	dysplasia					633:641	symptomatic acetabular dysplasia	610:641	symptomatic acetabular dysplasia	610:641	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	4	70	theme	dGEMRIC	697:703	arg1	scans					705:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans	661:709	All patients had preoperative and one-year follow-up dGEMRIC scans.
25834078	2	71	theme	resonance	335:343	arg1	imaging					345:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging	298:351	delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC)	298:374	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	8	72	theme	mechanical	1363:1372	arg1	loading					1374:1380	mechanical loading	1363:1380	mechanical loading	1363:1380	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	10	73	theme	articular	1752:1760	arg1	cartilage					1762:1770	articular cartilage	1752:1770	articular cartilage	1752:1770	CONCLUSIONS Periacetabular osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip appears to alter the mechanical loading of articular cartilage in the hip, which in turn alters the cartilage matrix composition, as demonstrated by dGEMRIC.
25834078	8	74	theme	acetabulum	1329:1338	arg1	aspect					1315:1320	the superior aspect	1302:1320	the superior aspect	1302:1320	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	1	75	theme	joint	142:146	arg1	mechanics					148:156	joint mechanics	142:156	joint mechanics	142:156	BACKGROUND The aim of periacetabular osteotomy is to improve joint mechanics in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip.
25834078	9	76	from	preoperative	1575:1586	arg1	improvement					1554:1564	significant improvement	1542:1564	significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001)	1542:1630	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	3	77	theme	prospective	461:471	arg1	study					480:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	77	theme	prospective	461:471	arg1	patients					500:507	thirty-seven patients	487:507	thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis	487:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	2	78	dep	content	272:278	arg1	measured					284:291	measured	284:291	measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC)	284:374	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	3	79	theme	cohort	473:478	arg1	study					480:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	this prospective cohort study	456:484	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	3	79	theme	cohort	473:478	arg1	patients					500:507	thirty-seven patients	487:507	thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis	487:561	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	8	80	from	decrease	1197:1204	arg1	index					1221:1225	the dGEMRIC index	1209:1225	the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage	1209:1253	The decrease in the dGEMRIC index of the acetabular cartilage after surgery appears to be most pronounced at the superior aspect of the acetabulum, where the decrease in mechanical loading after periacetabular osteotomy would be most pronounced.
25834078	3	81	theme	symptomatic	610:620	arg1	dysplasia					633:641	symptomatic acetabular dysplasia	610:641	symptomatic acetabular dysplasia	610:641	METHODS In this prospective cohort study, thirty-seven patients (thirty-seven hips) with no or minimal osteoarthritis were treated with periacetabular osteotomy for symptomatic acetabular dysplasia.
25834078	2	82	theme	biomechanics	431:442	arg1	alteration					403:412	the alteration	399:412	the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics	399:442	In our study, we tried to determine whether the proteoglycan content, as measured with delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC), can be modulated with the alteration of the hip joint biomechanics.
25834078	9	83	theme	p	1621:1621	arg1	visits					1609:1614	the postoperative visits	1591:1614	the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001)	1591:1630	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25834078	9	83	theme	p	1621:1621	arg1	<					1623:1623	all p < 0.001	1617:1629	all p < 0.001	1617:1629	All domains of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) demonstrated significant improvement from the preoperative to the postoperative visits (all p < 0.001).
25582483	6	0	dep	enantioresolution	1230:1246	arg1	time					1261:1264	time	1261:1264	time	1261:1264	The CQAs were represented by enantioresolution and analysis time.
25582483	3	1	used	used	710:713	arg2	method					684:689	the developed method	670:689	the developed method	670:689	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	0	2	theme	cyclodextrin	166:177	arg1	systems					179:185	dual cyclodextrin systems	161:185	dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride	161:219	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	1	3	theme	methods	429:435	arg1	development					403:413	the development	399:413	the development of analytical methods	399:435	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	4	4	theme	process	853:859	arg1	CPPs					873:876	CPPs	873:876	CPPs	873:876	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	4	theme	process	853:859	arg1	parameters					861:870	critical process parameters	844:870	critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability	844:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	5	with	requirements	978:989	arg1	probability					1007:1017	a selected probability	996:1017	a selected probability	996:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	7	6	theme	polarity	1414:1421	arg1	mode					1423:1426	reverse polarity mode	1406:1426	reverse polarity mode	1406:1426	The scouting phase made it possible to select a separation system made by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and a neutral cyclodextrin, operating in reverse polarity mode.
25582483	8	7	theme	screening	1621:1629	arg1	matrix					1631:1636	an asymmetric screening matrix	1607:1636	an asymmetric screening matrix	1607:1636	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	10	8	theme	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin	1909:1931	arg1	3.24-3.50					2032:2040	3.24-3.50	2032:2040	3.24-3.50	2032:2040	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	8	theme	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin	1909:1931	arg1	pH					2028:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	8	theme	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin	1909:1931	arg1	concentration					1933:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	8	theme	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin	1909:1931	arg1	concentration					1979:1991	9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1948:1991	9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1948:1991	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	12	9	theme	pharmaceutical	2334:2347	arg1	forms					2356:2360	pharmaceutical dosage forms	2334:2360	pharmaceutical dosage forms	2334:2360	The method was validated and was finally applied to determine the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
25582483	11	10	theme	Plackett-Burman	2105:2119	arg1	matrix					2121:2126	a Plackett-Burman matrix	2103:2126	a Plackett-Burman matrix	2103:2126	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	4	11	theme	parameters	861:870	arg1	DS					837:838	DS	837:838	DS	837:838	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	11	theme	parameters	861:870	arg1	space					830:834	a design space	821:834	a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability	821:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	10	12	theme	methyl-β-cyclodextrin	1957:1977	arg1	concentration					1933:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	12	theme	methyl-β-cyclodextrin	1957:1977	arg1	concentration					1979:1991	9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1948:1991	9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1948:1991	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	0	13	theme	levosulpiride	207:219	arg1	analysis					195:202	the analysis	191:202	the analysis of levosulpiride	191:219	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	2	14	theme	electrophoresis	530:544	arg1	method					546:551	a capillary electrophoresis method	518:551	a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities	518:593	In this paper QbD principles have been comprehensively applied in the set-up of a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities.
25582483	7	15	theme	neutral	1371:1377	arg1	cyclodextrin					1379:1390	a neutral cyclodextrin	1369:1390	a neutral cyclodextrin	1369:1390	The scouting phase made it possible to select a separation system made by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and a neutral cyclodextrin, operating in reverse polarity mode.
25582483	10	16	theme	mM	1953:1954	arg1	concentration					1933:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	16	theme	mM	1953:1954	arg1	concentration					1979:1991	9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1948:1991	9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1948:1991	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	9	17	theme	Doehlert	1689:1696	arg1	design					1698:1703	a Doehlert design	1687:1703	a Doehlert design	1687:1703	Response surface methodology was carried out by a Doehlert design and allowed the contour plots to be drawn, highlighting significant interactions between some of the CPPs.
25582483	12	18	theme	enantiomeric	2302:2313	arg1	purity					2315:2320	the enantiomeric purity	2298:2320	the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms	2298:2360	The method was validated and was finally applied to determine the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
25582483	10	19	theme	mM	2000:2001	arg1	pH					2028:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	19	theme	mM	2000:2001	arg1	concentration					1933:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	0	20	theme	capillary	119:127	arg1	method					145:150	a capillary electrophoresis method	117:150	a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride	117:219	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	3	21	theme	product	758:764	arg1	analysis					727:734	routine analysis	719:734	routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product	719:764	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	0	22	theme	method	145:150	arg1	development					102:112	development	102:112	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.	0:220	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	9	23	theme	Response	1639:1646	arg1	methodology					1656:1666	Response surface methodology	1639:1666	Response surface methodology	1639:1666	Response surface methodology was carried out by a Doehlert design and allowed the contour plots to be drawn, highlighting significant interactions between some of the CPPs.
25582483	8	24	theme	neutral	1441:1447	arg1	cyclodextrin					1449:1460	neutral cyclodextrin	1441:1460	neutral cyclodextrin	1441:1460	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	3	25	theme	drug	629:632	arg1	S-SUL					659:663	S-SUL	659:663	S-SUL	659:663	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	25	theme	drug	629:632	arg1	compound					605:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	25	theme	drug	629:632	arg1	levosulpiride					644:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride	618:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL)	618:664	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	11	26	theme	method	2080:2085	arg1	Robustness					2062:2071	Robustness	2062:2071	Robustness of the method	2062:2085	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	10	27	theme	Britton-Robinson	2004:2019	arg1	pH					2028:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	27	theme	Britton-Robinson	2004:2019	arg1	concentration					1933:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	5	28	theme	process	1079:1085	arg1	understanding					1040:1052	the understanding	1036:1052	the understanding of the enantioseparation process	1036:1085	QbD can improve the understanding of the enantioseparation process, including both the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers and their separation, therefore enabling its control.
25582483	4	29	theme	critical	844:851	arg1	CPPs					873:876	CPPs	873:876	CPPs	873:876	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	29	theme	critical	844:851	arg1	parameters					861:870	critical process parameters	844:870	critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability	844:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	11	30	theme	control	2218:2224	arg1	strategy					2226:2233	a method control strategy	2209:2233	a method control strategy	2209:2233	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	0	31	from	Quality	0:6	arg1	strategy					43:50	the chiral separation strategy	21:50	the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities	21:99	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	0	32	theme	enantiomeric	77:88	arg1	impurities					90:99	enantiomeric impurities	77:99	enantiomeric impurities	77:99	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	9	33	theme	significant	1761:1771	arg1	interactions					1773:1784	significant interactions	1761:1784	significant interactions between some of the CPPs	1761:1809	Response surface methodology was carried out by a Doehlert design and allowed the contour plots to be drawn, highlighting significant interactions between some of the CPPs.
25582483	12	34	theme	dosage	2349:2354	arg1	forms					2356:2360	pharmaceutical dosage forms	2334:2360	pharmaceutical dosage forms	2334:2360	The method was validated and was finally applied to determine the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
25582483	4	35	theme	desired	970:976	arg1	requirements					978:989	the desired requirements	966:989	the desired requirements with a selected probability	966:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	8	36	theme	electrolyte	1537:1547	arg1	composition					1549:1559	background electrolyte composition	1526:1559	background electrolyte composition	1526:1559	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	5	37	theme	enantiomers	1135:1145	arg1	behavior					1123:1130	the electrophoretic behavior	1103:1130	the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers	1103:1145	QbD can improve the understanding of the enantioseparation process, including both the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers and their separation, therefore enabling its control.
25582483	5	37	theme	enantiomers	1135:1145	arg1	separation					1157:1166	their separation	1151:1166	their separation	1151:1166	QbD can improve the understanding of the enantioseparation process, including both the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers and their separation, therefore enabling its control.
25582483	11	38	theme	obtained	2136:2143	arg1	results					2145:2151	the obtained results	2132:2151	the obtained results	2132:2151	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	11	39	theme	repeatability	2175:2187	arg1	data					2189:2192	system repeatability data	2168:2192	system repeatability data	2168:2192	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	10	40	dep	concentration	1933:1945	arg1	kV					2058:2059	12-14 kV	2052:2059	12-14 kV	2052:2059	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	40	dep	concentration	1933:1945	arg1	voltage					2043:2049	voltage	2043:2049	voltage	2043:2049	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	7	41	theme	scouting	1271:1278	arg1	phase					1280:1284	The scouting phase	1267:1284	The scouting phase	1267:1284	The scouting phase made it possible to select a separation system made by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and a neutral cyclodextrin, operating in reverse polarity mode.
25582483	2	42	theme	QbD	452:454	arg1	principles					456:465	QbD principles	452:465	QbD principles	452:465	In this paper QbD principles have been comprehensively applied in the set-up of a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities.
25582483	0	43	theme	separation	32:41	arg1	strategy					43:50	the chiral separation strategy	21:50	the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities	21:99	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	1	44	theme	Harmonisation	303:315	arg1	Q8					354:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8	303:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2)	303:359	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	44	theme	Harmonisation	303:315	arg1	R2					357:358	R2	357:358	R2	357:358	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	45	theme	Development	332:342	arg1	Q8					354:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8	303:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2)	303:359	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	45	theme	Development	332:342	arg1	R2					357:358	R2	357:358	R2	357:358	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	3	46	theme	developed	674:682	arg1	method					684:689	the developed method	670:689	the developed method	670:689	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	4	47	theme	analytical	781:790	arg1	approach					796:803	analytical QbD approach	781:803	analytical QbD approach	781:803	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	1	48	theme	Quality	222:228	arg1	concepts					246:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	4	49	theme	approach	796:803	arg1	target					771:776	The target	767:776	The target of analytical QbD approach	767:803	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	1	50	theme	design	233:238	arg1	concepts					246:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	0	51	dep	Quality	0:6	arg1	development					102:112	development	102:112	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.	0:220	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	4	52	theme	selected	998:1005	arg1	probability					1007:1017	a selected probability	996:1017	a selected probability	996:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	8	53	theme	screening	1588:1596	arg1	phase					1598:1602	a screening phase	1586:1602	a screening phase	1586:1602	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	10	54	theme	following	1888:1896	arg1	intervals					1898:1906	the following intervals	1884:1906	the following intervals	1884:1906	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	1	55	theme	QbD	241:243	arg1	concepts					246:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	56	from	Conference	289:298	arg1	Q8					354:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8	303:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2)	303:359	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	56	from	Conference	289:298	arg1	R2					357:358	R2	357:358	R2	357:358	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	9	57	theme	surface	1648:1654	arg1	methodology					1656:1666	Response surface methodology	1639:1666	Response surface methodology	1639:1666	Response surface methodology was carried out by a Doehlert design and allowed the contour plots to be drawn, highlighting significant interactions between some of the CPPs.
25582483	8	58	theme	asymmetric	1610:1619	arg1	matrix					1631:1636	an asymmetric screening matrix	1607:1636	an asymmetric screening matrix	1607:1636	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	3	59	theme	routine	719:725	arg1	analysis					727:734	routine analysis	719:734	routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product	719:764	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	11	60	theme	system	2168:2173	arg1	data					2189:2192	system repeatability data	2168:2192	system repeatability data	2168:2192	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	4	61	theme	design	823:828	arg1	DS					837:838	DS	837:838	DS	837:838	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	61	theme	design	823:828	arg1	space					830:834	a design space	821:834	a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability	821:1017	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	7	62	theme	reverse	1406:1412	arg1	mode					1423:1426	reverse polarity mode	1406:1426	reverse polarity mode	1406:1426	The scouting phase made it possible to select a separation system made by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and a neutral cyclodextrin, operating in reverse polarity mode.
25582483	3	63	theme	pharmaceutical	743:756	arg1	product					758:764	the pharmaceutical product	739:764	the pharmaceutical product	739:764	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	2	64	theme	method	546:551	arg1	set-up					508:513	the set-up	504:513	the set-up of a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities	504:593	In this paper QbD principles have been comprehensively applied in the set-up of a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities.
25582483	0	65	theme	electrophoresis	129:143	arg1	method					145:150	a capillary electrophoresis method	117:150	a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride	117:219	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	1	66	theme	innovative	375:384	arg1	strategy					386:393	an innovative strategy	372:393	an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods	372:435	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	3	67	theme	test	600:603	arg1	compound					605:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	67	theme	test	600:603	arg1	levosulpiride					644:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride	618:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL)	618:664	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	4	68	theme	critical	889:896	arg1	CQAs					918:921	CQAs	918:921	CQAs	918:921	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	68	theme	critical	889:896	arg1	attributes					906:915	the critical quality attributes	885:915	the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method	885:936	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	12	69	theme	S-SUL	2325:2329	arg1	purity					2315:2320	the enantiomeric purity	2298:2320	the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms	2298:2360	The method was validated and was finally applied to determine the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
25582483	2	70	theme	enantiomeric	571:582	arg1	impurities					584:593	enantiomeric impurities	571:593	enantiomeric impurities	571:593	In this paper QbD principles have been comprehensively applied in the set-up of a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities.
25582483	8	71	theme	cyclodextrin	1449:1460	arg1	type					1433:1436	The type	1429:1436	The type of neutral cyclodextrin	1429:1460	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	0	72	theme	dual	161:164	arg1	systems					179:185	dual cyclodextrin systems	161:185	dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride	161:219	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	3	73	theme	chiral	622:627	arg1	S-SUL					659:663	S-SUL	659:663	S-SUL	659:663	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	73	theme	chiral	622:627	arg1	compound					605:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	73	theme	chiral	622:627	arg1	levosulpiride					644:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride	618:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL)	618:664	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	9	74	theme	contour	1721:1727	arg1	plots					1729:1733	the contour plots	1717:1733	the contour plots	1717:1733	Response surface methodology was carried out by a Doehlert design and allowed the contour plots to be drawn, highlighting significant interactions between some of the CPPs.
25582483	10	75	theme	buffer	2021:2026	arg1	pH					2028:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH	1994:2029	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	10	75	theme	buffer	2021:2026	arg1	concentration					1933:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration	1909:1945	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	1	76	theme	analytical	418:427	arg1	methods					429:435	analytical methods	418:435	analytical methods	418:435	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	8	77	theme	other	1481:1485	arg1	CPPs					1487:1490	other CPPs	1481:1490	other CPPs	1481:1490	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	7	78	theme	separation	1315:1324	arg1	system					1326:1331	a separation system	1313:1331	a separation system made by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and a neutral cyclodextrin, operating in reverse polarity mode	1313:1426	The scouting phase made it possible to select a separation system made by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin and a neutral cyclodextrin, operating in reverse polarity mode.
25582483	1	79	theme	guideline	344:352	arg1	Q8					354:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8	303:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2)	303:359	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	79	theme	guideline	344:352	arg1	R2					357:358	R2	357:358	R2	357:358	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	4	80	theme	method	931:936	arg1	CQAs					918:921	CQAs	918:921	CQAs	918:921	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	80	theme	method	931:936	arg1	attributes					906:915	the critical quality attributes	885:915	the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method	885:936	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	0	81	theme	impurities	90:99	arg1	determination					60:72	the determination	56:72	the determination of enantiomeric impurities	56:99	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	8	82	theme	instrumental	1498:1509	arg1	CPPs					1487:1490	other CPPs	1481:1490	other CPPs	1481:1490	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	11	83	theme	method	2211:2216	arg1	strategy					2226:2233	a method control strategy	2209:2233	a method control strategy	2209:2233	Robustness of the method was examined by a Plackett-Burman matrix and the obtained results, together with system repeatability data, led to define a method control strategy.
25582483	8	84	theme	related	1515:1521	arg1	CPPs					1487:1490	other CPPs	1481:1490	other CPPs	1481:1490	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	5	85	theme	enantioseparation	1061:1077	arg1	process					1079:1085	the enantioseparation process	1057:1085	the enantioseparation process	1057:1085	QbD can improve the understanding of the enantioseparation process, including both the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers and their separation, therefore enabling its control.
25582483	4	86	theme	quality	898:904	arg1	CQAs					918:921	CQAs	918:921	CQAs	918:921	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	4	86	theme	quality	898:904	arg1	attributes					906:915	the critical quality attributes	885:915	the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method	885:936	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
25582483	8	87	theme	background	1526:1535	arg1	composition					1549:1559	background electrolyte composition	1526:1559	background electrolyte composition	1526:1559	The type of neutral cyclodextrin was included among other CPPs, both instrumental and related to background electrolyte composition, which were evaluated in a screening phase by an asymmetric screening matrix.
25582483	12	88	from	purity	2315:2320	arg1	forms					2356:2360	pharmaceutical dosage forms	2334:2360	pharmaceutical dosage forms	2334:2360	The method was validated and was finally applied to determine the enantiomeric purity of S-SUL in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
25582483	10	89	theme	Monte-Carlo	1839:1849	arg1	simulations					1851:1861	Monte-Carlo simulations	1839:1861	Monte-Carlo simulations	1839:1861	DS was defined by applying Monte-Carlo simulations, and corresponded to the following intervals: sulfated-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 9-12 mM; methyl-β-cyclodextrin concentration, 29-38 mM; Britton-Robinson buffer pH, 3.24-3.50; voltage, 12-14 kV.
25582483	0	90	theme	chiral	25:30	arg1	strategy					43:50	the chiral separation strategy	21:50	the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities	21:99	Quality by design in the chiral separation strategy for the determination of enantiomeric impurities: development of a capillary electrophoresis method based on dual cyclodextrin systems for the analysis of levosulpiride.
25582483	1	91	theme	International	275:287	arg1	Conference					289:298	International Conference	275:298	International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2)	275:359	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	3	92	theme	substance	634:642	arg1	S-SUL					659:663	S-SUL	659:663	S-SUL	659:663	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	92	theme	substance	634:642	arg1	compound					605:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound	596:612	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	3	92	theme	substance	634:642	arg1	levosulpiride					644:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride	618:656	the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL)	618:664	The test compound was the chiral drug substance levosulpiride (S-SUL) and the developed method was intended to be used for routine analysis of the pharmaceutical product.
25582483	5	93	theme	electrophoretic	1107:1121	arg1	behavior					1123:1130	the electrophoretic behavior	1103:1130	the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers	1103:1145	QbD can improve the understanding of the enantioseparation process, including both the electrophoretic behavior of enantiomers and their separation, therefore enabling its control.
25582483	2	94	theme	capillary	520:528	arg1	electrophoresis					530:544	capillary electrophoresis	520:544	a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities	518:593	In this paper QbD principles have been comprehensively applied in the set-up of a capillary electrophoresis method aimed to quantify enantiomeric impurities.
25582483	1	95	theme	Pharmaceutical	317:330	arg1	Q8					354:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8	303:355	Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2)	303:359	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	95	theme	Pharmaceutical	317:330	arg1	R2					357:358	R2	357:358	R2	357:358	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	1	96	theme	by	230:231	arg1	concepts					246:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts	222:253	Quality by design (QbD) concepts, in accordance with International Conference on Harmonisation Pharmaceutical Development guideline Q8(R2), represent an innovative strategy for the development of analytical methods.
25582483	4	97	theme	QbD	792:794	arg1	approach					796:803	analytical QbD approach	781:803	analytical QbD approach	781:803	The target of analytical QbD approach is to establish a design space (DS) of critical process parameters (CPPs) where the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the method have been assured to fulfil the desired requirements with a selected probability.
26039474	4	0	dep	clock	778:782	arg1	6,7					785:787	6,7	785:787	6,7	785:787	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	6	1	from	balance	1122:1128	arg1	basis					1095:1099	the basis	1091:1099	the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition	1091:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	2	2	theme	important	337:345	arg1	element					347:353	an important element	334:353	an important element of the florigen	334:369	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	1	3	dep	changes	220:226	arg1	reaching					178:185	reaching	178:185	reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM)	178:217	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	0	4	from	role	81:84	arg1	signal					114:119	the florigenic signal	99:119	the florigenic signal	99:119	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	4	5	theme	alga	809:812	arg1	reinhardtii					828:838	the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	799:838	the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	799:838	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	4	6	theme	gene	852:855	arg1	CrGBSS					857:862	the homolog gene CrGBSS	840:862	the homolog gene CrGBSS	840:862	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	4	7	theme	green	803:807	arg1	reinhardtii					828:838	the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	799:838	the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	799:838	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	3	8	theme	mobilization	620:631	arg1	role					605:608	the role	601:608	the role of carbon mobilization in this process	601:647	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	2	9	dep	LOCUS	309:313	arg1	T					315:315	T	315:315	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)	287:320	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	2	9	dep	LOCUS	309:313	arg1	FT					318:319	FT	318:319	FT	318:319	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	5	10	theme	GBSS	1037:1040	arg1	expression					1042:1051	GBSS expression	1037:1051	GBSS expression in Arabidopsis	1037:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	0	11	theme	sugars	89:94	arg1	What					69:72	What	69:72	What	69:72	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	0	11	theme	sugars	89:94	arg1	role					81:84	the role	77:84	the role of sugars in the florigenic signal	77:119	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	1	12	dep	reproductive	273:284	arg1	to					270:271	to	270:271	to	270:271	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	4	13	theme	Antirrhinum	669:679	arg1	majus					681:685	Antirrhinum majus	669:685	Antirrhinum majus	669:685	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	1	14	theme	mobile	136:141	arg1	Florigen					122:129	Florigen	122:129	Florigen	122:129	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	1	14	theme	mobile	136:141	arg1	signal					143:148	a mobile signal	134:148	a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive	134:284	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	4	15	theme	Chlamydomonas	814:826	arg1	reinhardtii					828:838	the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	799:838	the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	799:838	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	7	16	theme	florigenic	1254:1263	arg1	signal					1265:1270	the florigenic signal	1250:1270	the florigenic signal	1250:1270	We propose that this regulation may contribute to the florigenic signal and to the increase in sugar transport required during the flowering process.
26039474	0	17	theme	Photoperiodic	0:12	arg1	control					14:20	Photoperiodic control	0:20	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition	0:66	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	3	18	from	transition	543:552	arg1	thaliana					569:576	Arabidopsis thaliana	557:576	Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process	557:647	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	4	19	theme	circadian	897:905	arg1	signals					907:913	circadian signals	897:913	circadian signals	897:913	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	3	20	theme	carbon	613:618	arg1	mobilization					620:631	carbon mobilization	613:631	carbon mobilization	613:631	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	5	21	from	regulation	1023:1032	arg1	Arabidopsis					1056:1066	Arabidopsis	1056:1066	Arabidopsis	1056:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	3	22	dep	accumulation	486:497	arg1	the					482:484	the	482:484	the	482:484	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	2	23	theme	other	376:380	arg1	components					382:391	other components	376:391	other components	376:391	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	2	23	theme	other	376:380	arg1	sugars					401:406	sugars	401:406	sugars	401:406	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	7	24	theme	sugar	1295:1299	arg1	transport					1301:1309	sugar transport	1295:1309	sugar transport required during the flowering process	1295:1347	We propose that this regulation may contribute to the florigenic signal and to the increase in sugar transport required during the flowering process.
26039474	0	25	theme	sugar	25:29	arg1	release					31:37	sugar release	25:37	sugar release	25:37	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	6	26	theme	free	1149:1152	arg1	sugars					1154:1159	starch and free sugars	1138:1159	starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition	1138:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	6	27	theme	floral	1181:1186	arg1	transition					1188:1197	the floral transition	1177:1197	the floral transition	1177:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	2	28	theme	florigen	362:369	arg1	element					347:353	an important element	334:353	an important element of the florigen	334:369	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	1	29	theme	developmental	232:244	arg1	program					246:252	its developmental program	228:252	its developmental program	228:252	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	2	30	theme	signal	452:457	arg1	part					439:442	part	439:442	part of this signal	439:457	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	5	31	theme	recent	927:932	arg1	10					940:941	10	940:941	10	940:941	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	5	31	theme	recent	927:932	arg1	paper					934:938	a recent paper	925:938	a recent paper(10)	925:942	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	0	32	theme	release	31:37	arg1	control					14:20	Photoperiodic control	0:20	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition	0:66	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	5	33	theme	central	973:979	arg1	CO					1012:1013	CO	1012:1013	CO	1012:1013	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	5	33	theme	central	973:979	arg1	CONSTANS					1002:1009	the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS	969:1009	the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO)	969:1014	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	0	34	theme	florigenic	103:112	arg1	signal					114:119	the florigenic signal	99:119	the florigenic signal	99:119	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	6	35	theme	starch	1138:1143	arg1	sugars					1154:1159	starch and free sugars	1138:1159	starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition	1138:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	0	36	theme	floral	50:55	arg1	transition					57:66	the floral transition	46:66	the floral transition	46:66	Photoperiodic control of sugar release during the floral transition: What is the role of sugars in the florigenic signal?
26039474	5	37	theme	photoperiodic	981:993	arg1	CO					1012:1013	CO	1012:1013	CO	1012:1013	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	5	37	theme	photoperiodic	981:993	arg1	CONSTANS					1002:1009	the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS	969:1009	the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO)	969:1014	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	5	38	from	Arabidopsis	1056:1066	arg1	regulation					1023:1032	the regulation	1019:1032	the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis	1019:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	3	39	theme	floral	536:541	arg1	transition					543:552	the floral transition	532:552	the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process	532:647	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	4	40	theme	Starch	725:730	arg1	GBSS					742:745	GBSS	742:745	GBSS	742:745	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	4	40	theme	Starch	725:730	arg1	Synthase					732:739	the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase	707:739	the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS)	707:746	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	2	41	theme	FLOWERING	299:307	arg1	LOCUS					309:313	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)	287:320	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)	287:320	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	3	42	from	role	605:608	arg1	process					641:647	this process	636:647	this process	636:647	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	5	43	theme	factor	995:1000	arg1	CO					1012:1013	CO	1012:1013	CO	1012:1013	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	5	43	theme	factor	995:1000	arg1	CONSTANS					1002:1009	the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS	969:1009	the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO)	969:1014	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	4	44	theme	circadian	768:776	arg1	clock					778:782	the circadian clock	764:782	the circadian clock (6,7)	764:788	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	4	45	theme	Granule-Bound	711:723	arg1	GBSS					742:745	GBSS	742:745	GBSS	742:745	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	4	45	theme	Granule-Bound	711:723	arg1	Synthase					732:739	the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase	707:739	the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS)	707:746	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	2	46	theme	protein	291:297	arg1	LOCUS					309:313	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)	287:320	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)	287:320	The protein FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) constitutes an important element of the florigen, but other components such as sugars, have been also proposed to be part of this signal.
26039474	6	47	from	change	1108:1113	arg1	balance					1122:1128	the balance	1118:1128	the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition	1118:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	5	48	theme	CONSTANS	1002:1009	arg1	role					961:964	the role	957:964	the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis	957:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	5	49	from	expression	1042:1051	arg1	Arabidopsis					1056:1066	Arabidopsis	1056:1066	Arabidopsis	1056:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	3	50	theme	starch	518:523	arg1	accumulation					486:497	accumulation	486:497	accumulation	486:497	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	3	50	theme	starch	518:523	arg1	composition					503:513	composition	503:513	composition	503:513	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	7	51	from	increase	1283:1290	arg1	transport					1301:1309	sugar transport	1295:1309	sugar transport required during the flowering process	1295:1347	We propose that this regulation may contribute to the florigenic signal and to the increase in sugar transport required during the flowering process.
26039474	5	52	theme	expression	1042:1051	arg1	regulation					1023:1032	the regulation	1019:1032	the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis	1019:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	6	53	theme	change	1108:1113	arg1	basis					1095:1099	the basis	1091:1099	the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition	1091:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	3	54	theme	Arabidopsis	557:567	arg1	thaliana					569:576	Arabidopsis thaliana	557:576	Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process	557:647	(1-5) We have studied the accumulation and composition of starch during the floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in order to understand the role of carbon mobilization in this process.
26039474	1	55	theme	shoot	191:195	arg1	SAM					214:216	SAM	214:216	SAM	214:216	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	1	55	theme	shoot	191:195	arg1	meristem					204:211	the shoot apical meristem	187:211	the shoot apical meristem (SAM)	187:217	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	4	56	theme	homolog	844:850	arg1	CrGBSS					857:862	the homolog gene CrGBSS	840:862	the homolog gene CrGBSS	840:862	In A. thaliana and Antirrhinum majus the gene coding for the Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) is regulated by the circadian clock (6,7) while in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii the homolog gene CrGBSS is controlled by photoperiod and circadian signals.
26039474	1	57	dep	the	162:164	arg1	leaves					166:171	leaves	166:171	leaves	166:171	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	5	58	from	role	961:964	arg1	regulation					1023:1032	the regulation	1019:1032	the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis	1019:1066	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
26039474	1	59	theme	apical	197:202	arg1	SAM					214:216	SAM	214:216	SAM	214:216	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	1	59	theme	apical	197:202	arg1	meristem					204:211	the shoot apical meristem	187:211	the shoot apical meristem (SAM)	187:217	Florigen is a mobile signal released by the leaves that reaching the shoot apical meristem (SAM), changes its developmental program from vegetative to reproductive.
26039474	7	60	theme	flowering	1331:1339	arg1	process					1341:1347	the flowering process	1327:1347	the flowering process	1327:1347	We propose that this regulation may contribute to the florigenic signal and to the increase in sugar transport required during the flowering process.
26039474	6	61	from	basis	1095:1099	arg1	balance					1122:1128	the balance	1118:1128	the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition	1118:1197	This regulation is in the basis of the change in the balance between starch and free sugars observed during the floral transition.
26039474	5	62	dep	described	947:955	arg1	8,9					917:919	8,9	917:919	8,9	917:919	(8,9) In a recent paper(10) we described the role of the central photoperiodic factor CONSTANS (CO) in the regulation of GBSS expression in Arabidopsis.
25721554	6	0	theme	new	925:927	arg1	inks					939:942	the new enzymatic inks	921:942	the new enzymatic inks	921:942	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	10	1	theme	biocatalytic	1581:1592	arg1	traces					1605:1610	biocatalytic conducting traces	1581:1610	biocatalytic conducting traces	1581:1610	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	3	2	theme	biocatalytic	676:687	arg1	sensors					689:695	biocatalytic sensors	676:695	biocatalytic sensors	676:695	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	2	3	theme	facile	353:358	arg1	fabrication					360:370	facile fabrication	353:370	facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design	353:439	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	1	4	theme	glucose	262:268	arg1	strips					277:282	renewable glucose sensor strips	252:282	renewable glucose sensor strips	252:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	10	5	from	avenues	1657:1663	arg1	applications					1684:1695	various sensing applications	1668:1695	various sensing applications in low-resource settings	1668:1720	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	8	6	theme	renewable	1234:1242	arg1	testing					1258:1264	renewable blood glucose testing	1234:1264	renewable blood glucose testing	1234:1264	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	10	7	from	applications	1684:1695	arg1	settings					1713:1720	low-resource settings	1700:1720	low-resource settings	1700:1720	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	8	8	theme	on-leaf	1301:1307	arg1	detection					1316:1324	on-leaf phenol detection	1301:1324	on-leaf phenol detection	1301:1324	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	3	9	theme	end	592:594	arg1	user					596:599	the end user	588:599	the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement	588:730	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	9	10	theme	biocatalytic	1503:1514	arg1	surface					1523:1529	a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface	1469:1529	a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test	1469:1549	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	8	11	theme	glucose	1250:1256	arg1	testing					1258:1264	renewable blood glucose testing	1234:1264	renewable blood glucose testing	1234:1264	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	6	12	theme	good	976:979	arg1	activity					994:1001	good biocatalytic activity	976:1001	good biocatalytic activity	976:1001	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	7	13	theme	resulting	1097:1105	arg1	inks					1107:1110	The resulting inks	1093:1110	The resulting inks	1093:1110	The resulting inks are characterized using spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques.
25721554	10	14	theme	low-resource	1700:1711	arg1	settings					1713:1720	low-resource settings	1700:1720	low-resource settings	1700:1720	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	9	15	theme	fresh	1472:1476	arg1	surface					1523:1529	a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface	1469:1529	a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test	1469:1549	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	5	16	theme	bio-active	809:818	arg1	pens					820:823	The bio-active pens	805:823	The bio-active pens	805:823	The bio-active pens produce highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness.
25721554	5	17	theme	biocatalytic	853:864	arg1	traces					866:871	highly reproducible biocatalytic traces	833:871	highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness	833:899	The bio-active pens produce highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness.
25721554	8	18	theme	glucose	1277:1283	arg1	monitoring					1285:1294	epidermal glucose monitoring	1267:1294	epidermal glucose monitoring	1267:1294	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	10	19	theme	various	1668:1674	arg1	applications					1684:1695	various sensing applications	1668:1695	various sensing applications in low-resource settings	1668:1720	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	6	20	theme	inks	939:942	arg1	composition					906:916	The composition	902:916	The composition of the new enzymatic inks	902:942	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	8	21	theme	glucose	1360:1366	arg1	oxidase					1368:1374	glucose oxidase	1360:1374	glucose oxidase	1360:1374	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	3	22	theme	"	631:631	arg1	ability					610:616	the ability	606:616	the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement	606:730	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	2	23	theme	minimal	512:518	arg1	training					525:532	minimal user training	512:532	minimal user training	512:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	9	24	dep	fresh	1472:1476	arg1	low-cost					1494:1501	low-cost	1494:1501	low-cost	1494:1501	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	9	24	dep	fresh	1472:1476	arg1	reproducible					1480:1491	reproducible	1480:1491	reproducible	1480:1491	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	0	25	theme	biocatalytic	58:69	arg1	materials					71:79	biocatalytic materials	58:79	biocatalytic materials	58:79	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	1	26	theme	roller	166:171	arg1	pens					173:176	enzymatic-ink-based roller pens	146:176	enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips	146:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	2	27	from	user	448:451	arg1	surfaces					474:481	surfaces	474:481	surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	474:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	2	27	from	user	448:451	arg1	variety					463:469	a wide variety	456:469	a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	456:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	8	28	theme	carbon	1397:1402	arg1	inks					1404:1407	tyrosinase-based carbon inks	1380:1407	tyrosinase-based carbon inks	1380:1407	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	1	29	from	pens	173:176	arg1	general					225:231	general	225:231	general	225:231	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	6	30	theme	electrical	1004:1013	arg1	conductivity					1015:1026	electrical conductivity	1004:1026	electrical conductivity	1004:1026	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	0	31	theme	do-it-yourself	83:96	arg1	biosensors					115:124	"do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors	82:124	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	0	32	theme	electrochemical	99:113	arg1	biosensors					115:124	"do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors	82:124	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	0	33	theme	direct	40:45	arg1	writing					47:53	direct writing	40:53	direct writing of biocatalytic materials	40:79	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	1	34	from	development	131:141	arg1	general					225:231	general	225:231	general	225:231	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	2	35	theme	wide	458:461	arg1	surfaces					474:481	surfaces	474:481	surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	474:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	2	35	theme	wide	458:461	arg1	variety					463:469	a wide variety	456:469	a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	456:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	4	36	theme	resulting	737:745	arg1	devices					747:753	The resulting devices	733:753	The resulting devices	733:753	The resulting devices are thus referred to as "do-it-yourself" sensors.
25721554	4	36	theme	resulting	737:745	arg1	sensors					796:802	"do-it-yourself" sensors	779:802	"do-it-yourself" sensors	779:802	The resulting devices are thus referred to as "do-it-yourself" sensors.
25721554	2	37	theme	electrochemical	400:414	arg1	biosensors					416:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors	375:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design	375:439	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	0	38	theme	Biocompatible	0:12	arg1	pens					31:34	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens	0:34	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	10	39	theme	diverse	1750:1756	arg1	domains					1797:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	0	40	theme	roller	24:29	arg1	pens					31:34	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens	0:34	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	3	41	theme	"	645:645	arg1	ability					610:616	the ability	606:616	the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement	606:730	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	2	42	theme	design	434:439	arg1	biosensors					416:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors	375:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design	375:439	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	9	43	theme	do-it-yourself	1415:1428	arg1	strips					1456:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	9	44	theme	renewable	1431:1439	arg1	strips					1456:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	5	45	with	traces	866:871	arg1	roughness					891:899	minimal edge roughness	878:899	minimal edge roughness	878:899	The bio-active pens produce highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness.
25721554	4	46	theme	do-it-yourself	780:793	arg1	devices					747:753	The resulting devices	733:753	The resulting devices	733:753	The resulting devices are thus referred to as "do-it-yourself" sensors.
25721554	4	46	theme	do-it-yourself	780:793	arg1	sensors					796:802	"do-it-yourself" sensors	779:802	"do-it-yourself" sensors	779:802	The resulting devices are thus referred to as "do-it-yourself" sensors.
25721554	2	47	theme	enzymatic-ink	328:340	arg1	pen					342:344	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen	314:344	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen	314:344	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	9	48	theme	sensor	1449:1454	arg1	strips					1456:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	2	49	theme	high-quality	375:386	arg1	biosensors					416:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors	375:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design	375:439	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	6	50	theme	enzymatic	929:937	arg1	inks					939:942	the new enzymatic inks	921:942	the new enzymatic inks	921:942	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	10	51	theme	conducting	1594:1603	arg1	traces					1605:1610	biocatalytic conducting traces	1581:1610	biocatalytic conducting traces	1581:1610	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	7	52	theme	viscometric	1151:1161	arg1	techniques					1205:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	The resulting inks are characterized using spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques.
25721554	10	53	theme	defense	1789:1795	arg1	domains					1797:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	1	54	theme	renewable	252:260	arg1	strips					277:282	renewable glucose sensor strips	252:282	renewable glucose sensor strips	252:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	3	55	theme	sensors	689:695	arg1	"					645:645	"on-site"	637:645	"on-site"	637:645	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	3	55	theme	sensors	689:695	arg1	"					631:631	"on-demand"	621:631	"on-demand"	621:631	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	7	56	theme	spectroscopic	1136:1148	arg1	techniques					1205:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	The resulting inks are characterized using spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques.
25721554	1	57	theme	sensor	270:275	arg1	strips					277:282	renewable glucose sensor strips	252:282	renewable glucose sensor strips	252:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	10	58	theme	unconventional	1620:1633	arg1	surfaces					1635:1642	unconventional surfaces	1620:1642	unconventional surfaces	1620:1642	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	3	59	theme	prefabricated	542:554	arg1	sensors					556:562	prefabricated sensors	542:562	prefabricated sensors	542:562	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	1	60	theme	direct	182:187	arg1	drawing					189:195	direct drawing	182:195	direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors	182:219	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	3	61	theme	specific	711:718	arg1	requirement					720:730	their specific requirement	705:730	their specific requirement	705:730	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	5	62	theme	minimal	878:884	arg1	roughness					891:899	minimal edge roughness	878:899	minimal edge roughness	878:899	The bio-active pens produce highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness.
25721554	6	63	theme	biocatalytic	981:992	arg1	activity					994:1001	good biocatalytic activity	976:1001	good biocatalytic activity	976:1001	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	10	64	theme	new	1653:1655	arg1	avenues					1657:1663	new avenues	1653:1663	new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings	1653:1720	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	2	65	contain	having	483:488	arg1	surfaces					474:481	surfaces	474:481	surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	474:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	2	65	contain	having	483:488	arg2	textures					498:505	complex textures	490:505	complex textures with minimal user training	490:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	2	66	with	textures	498:505	arg1	training					525:532	minimal user training	512:532	minimal user training	512:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	9	67	theme	sensor	1516:1521	arg1	surface					1523:1529	a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface	1469:1529	a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test	1469:1549	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	8	68	theme	blood	1244:1248	arg1	testing					1258:1264	renewable blood glucose testing	1234:1264	renewable blood glucose testing	1234:1264	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	8	69	theme	phenol	1309:1314	arg1	detection					1316:1324	on-leaf phenol detection	1301:1324	on-leaf phenol detection	1301:1324	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	1	70	theme	biocatalytic	200:211	arg1	sensors					213:219	biocatalytic sensors	200:219	biocatalytic sensors	200:219	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	5	71	theme	reproducible	840:851	arg1	traces					866:871	highly reproducible biocatalytic traces	833:871	highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness	833:899	The bio-active pens produce highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness.
25721554	10	72	theme	sensing	1676:1682	arg1	applications					1684:1695	various sensing applications	1668:1695	various sensing applications in low-resource settings	1668:1720	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	3	73	with	user	596:599	arg1	ability					610:616	the ability	606:616	the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement	606:730	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	1	74	from	general	225:231	arg1	development					131:141	The development	127:141	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips	127:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	9	75	theme	blood	1540:1544	arg1	test					1546:1549	each blood test	1535:1549	each blood test	1535:1549	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	8	76	theme	epidermal	1267:1275	arg1	monitoring					1285:1294	epidermal glucose monitoring	1267:1294	epidermal glucose monitoring	1267:1294	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	3	77	theme	on-demand	622:630	arg1	"					631:631	"on-demand"	621:631	"on-demand"	621:631	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	5	78	theme	edge	886:889	arg1	roughness					891:899	minimal edge roughness	878:899	minimal edge roughness	878:899	The bio-active pens produce highly reproducible biocatalytic traces with minimal edge roughness.
25721554	6	79	theme	reproducible	1048:1059	arg1	writing					1061:1067	reproducible writing	1048:1067	reproducible writing	1048:1067	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	0	80	theme	materials	71:79	arg1	writing					47:53	direct writing	40:53	direct writing of biocatalytic materials	40:79	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	1	81	theme	sensors	213:219	arg1	drawing					189:195	direct drawing	182:195	direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors	182:219	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	1	82	theme	enzymatic-ink-based	146:164	arg1	pens					173:176	enzymatic-ink-based roller pens	146:176	enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips	146:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	1	83	theme	pens	173:176	arg1	development					131:141	The development	127:141	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips	127:282	The development of enzymatic-ink-based roller pens for direct drawing of biocatalytic sensors, in general, and for realizing renewable glucose sensor strips, in particular, is described.
25721554	2	84	theme	complex	490:496	arg1	textures					498:505	complex textures	490:505	complex textures with minimal user training	490:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	8	85	theme	tyrosinase-based	1380:1395	arg1	inks					1404:1407	tyrosinase-based carbon inks	1380:1407	tyrosinase-based carbon inks	1380:1407	Applicability to renewable blood glucose testing, epidermal glucose monitoring, and on-leaf phenol detection are demonstrated in connection to glucose oxidase and tyrosinase-based carbon inks.
25721554	0	86	theme	"	97:97	arg1	biosensors					115:124	"do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors	82:124	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	10	87	theme	healthcare	1758:1767	arg1	domains					1797:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	2	88	theme	user	520:523	arg1	training					525:532	minimal user training	512:532	minimal user training	512:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	2	89	theme	biosensors	416:425	arg1	fabrication					360:370	facile fabrication	353:370	facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design	353:439	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	0	90	theme	enzymatic	14:22	arg1	pens					31:34	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens	0:34	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	2	91	theme	inexpensive	388:398	arg1	biosensors					416:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors	375:425	high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design	375:439	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	7	92	theme	microscopic	1193:1203	arg1	techniques					1205:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	The resulting inks are characterized using spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques.
25721554	6	93	theme	surface	1074:1080	arg1	adherence					1082:1090	surface adherence	1074:1090	surface adherence	1074:1090	The composition of the new enzymatic inks has been optimized for ensuring good biocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, biocompati-bility, reproducible writing, and surface adherence.
25721554	3	94	theme	on-site	638:644	arg1	"					645:645	"on-site"	637:645	"on-site"	637:645	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	7	95	theme	thermal	1181:1187	arg1	techniques					1205:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	The resulting inks are characterized using spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques.
25721554	2	96	theme	surfaces	474:481	arg1	surfaces					474:481	surfaces	474:481	surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	474:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	2	96	theme	surfaces	474:481	arg1	variety					463:469	a wide variety	456:469	a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training	456:532	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	10	97	theme	great	1732:1736	arg1	promise					1738:1744	great promise	1732:1744	great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1732:1803	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	7	98	theme	electrochemical	1164:1178	arg1	techniques					1205:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques	1136:1214	The resulting inks are characterized using spectroscopic, viscometric, electrochemical, thermal and microscopic techniques.
25721554	9	99	theme	"	1429:1429	arg1	strips					1456:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	3	100	theme	fabricating	661:671	arg1	"					631:631	"on-demand"	621:631	"on-demand"	621:631	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	10	101	theme	environmental	1770:1782	arg1	domains					1797:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains	1750:1803	The ability to directly draw biocatalytic conducting traces even on unconventional surfaces opens up new avenues in various sensing applications in low-resource settings and holds great promise for diverse healthcare, environmental, and defense domains.
25721554	9	102	theme	glucose	1441:1447	arg1	strips					1456:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips	1410:1461	The "do-it-yourself" renewable glucose sensor strips offer a "fresh," reproducible, low-cost biocatalytic sensor surface for each blood test.
25721554	0	103	dep	pens	31:34	arg1	biosensors					115:124	"do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors	82:124	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.	0:125	Biocompatible enzymatic roller pens for direct writing of biocatalytic materials: "do-it-yourself" electrochemical biosensors.
25721554	3	104	theme	designing	647:655	arg1	"					631:631	"on-demand"	621:631	"on-demand"	621:631	Unlike prefabricated sensors, this approach empowers the end user with the ability of "on-demand" and "on-site" designing and fabricating of biocatalytic sensors to suit their specific requirement.
25721554	2	105	theme	resulting	318:326	arg1	pen					342:344	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen	314:344	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen	314:344	The resulting enzymatic-ink pen allows facile fabrication of high-quality inexpensive electrochemical biosensors of any design by the user on a wide variety of surfaces having complex textures with minimal user training.
25721554	4	106	theme	"	794:794	arg1	devices					747:753	The resulting devices	733:753	The resulting devices	733:753	The resulting devices are thus referred to as "do-it-yourself" sensors.
25721554	4	106	theme	"	794:794	arg1	sensors					796:802	"do-it-yourself" sensors	779:802	"do-it-yourself" sensors	779:802	The resulting devices are thus referred to as "do-it-yourself" sensors.
25066771	7	0	theme	additional	1231:1240	arg1	RS					1224:1225	RS	1224:1225	RS	1224:1225	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	7	0	theme	additional	1231:1240	arg1	tools					1242:1246	additional tools	1231:1246	additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination	1231:1290	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	7	0	theme	additional	1231:1240	arg1	RCM					1216:1218	RCM	1216:1218	RCM	1216:1218	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	3	1	dep	ex	487:488	arg1	vivo					490:493	vivo	490:493	vivo	490:493	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	6	2	from	813	1055:1057	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	2	from	813	1055:1057	arg1	peaks					1041:1045	peaks	1041:1045	peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1041:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	1	3	theme	conventional	214:225	arg1	examination					243:253	the conventional histopathologic examination	210:253	the conventional histopathologic examination	210:253	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers are usually identified in the skin using the conventional histopathologic examination.
25066771	4	4	theme	confocal	736:743	arg1	microscopy					745:754	an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy	713:754	an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)	713:760	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	4	4	theme	confocal	736:743	arg1	RCM					757:759	RCM	757:759	RCM	757:759	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	6	5	from	1252	1064:1067	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	5	from	1252	1064:1067	arg1	peaks					1041:1045	peaks	1041:1045	peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1041:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	1	6	theme	histopathologic	227:241	arg1	examination					243:253	the conventional histopathologic examination	210:253	the conventional histopathologic examination	210:253	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers are usually identified in the skin using the conventional histopathologic examination.
25066771	4	7	theme	RS	812:813	arg1	analysis					815:822	a RS analysis	810:822	a RS analysis	810:822	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	7	8	theme	soft	1308:1311	arg1	fillers					1320:1326	soft tissue fillers	1308:1326	soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction	1308:1354	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	6	9	theme	peaks	1041:1045	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	4	10	theme	skin	630:633	arg1	nodule					635:640	a skin nodule suspicious	628:651	a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler	628:693	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	8	11	theme	surgical	1475:1482	arg1	specimen					1484:1491	a fresh surgical specimen	1467:1491	a fresh surgical specimen	1467:1491	RCM has the advantage compared with the histopathologic examination that can be extemporaneously performed on a fresh surgical specimen.
25066771	0	12	theme	Raman	74:78	arg1	spectroscopy					80:91	Raman spectroscopy	74:91	Raman spectroscopy	74:91	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	5	13	theme	suggestive	974:983	arg1	examination					961:971	histopathologic examination	945:971	histopathologic examination	945:971	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	4	14	dep	ex	716:717	arg1	vivo					719:722	vivo	719:722	vivo	719:722	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	8	15	theme	fresh	1469:1473	arg1	specimen					1484:1491	a fresh surgical specimen	1467:1491	a fresh surgical specimen	1467:1491	RCM has the advantage compared with the histopathologic examination that can be extemporaneously performed on a fresh surgical specimen.
25066771	3	16	theme	new	471:473	arg1	RS					503:504	RS	503:504	RS	503:504	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	3	16	theme	new	471:473	arg1	RCM					495:497	ex vivo RCM	487:497	ex vivo RCM	487:497	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	3	16	theme	new	471:473	arg1	techniques					475:484	these new techniques	465:484	both these new techniques	460:484	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	6	17	from	2951 cm	1086:1092	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	17	from	2951 cm	1086:1092	arg1	peaks					1041:1045	peaks	1041:1045	peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1041:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	4	18	theme	ex	716:717	arg1	microscopy					745:754	an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy	713:754	an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)	713:760	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	4	18	theme	ex	716:717	arg1	RCM					757:759	RCM	757:759	RCM	757:759	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	4	19	theme	reaction	664:671	arg1	nodule					635:640	a skin nodule suspicious	628:651	a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler	628:693	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	5	20	from	microspheres	877:888	arg1	dermis					897:902	the dermis	893:902	the dermis	893:902	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	1	21	theme	BACKGROUND	138:147	arg1	fillers					161:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers	138:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers	138:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers are usually identified in the skin using the conventional histopathologic examination.
25066771	6	22	theme	PMMA	1164:1167	arg1	presence					1152:1159	the presence	1148:1159	the presence of PMMA	1148:1167	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	0	23	from	filler	32:37	arg1	case					98:101	a case	96:101	a case of adverse reaction to the filler	96:135	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	9	24	theme	precise	1505:1511	arg1	identification					1522:1535	a precise chemical identification	1503:1535	a precise chemical identification of the filler	1503:1549	RS allow a precise chemical identification of the filler.
25066771	2	25	theme	Ex	256:257	arg1	RCM					264:266	Ex vivo RCM	256:266	Ex vivo RCM	256:266	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	1	26	theme	Soft	149:152	arg1	fillers					161:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers	138:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers	138:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers are usually identified in the skin using the conventional histopathologic examination.
25066771	2	27	theme	bodies	394:399	arg1	identification					363:376	the identification	359:376	the identification of skin foreign bodies	359:399	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	7	28	theme	histopathologic	1264:1278	arg1	examination					1280:1290	conventional histopathologic examination	1251:1290	conventional histopathologic examination	1251:1290	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	4	29	theme	reflectance	724:734	arg1	microscopy					745:754	an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy	713:754	an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM)	713:760	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	4	29	theme	reflectance	724:734	arg1	RCM					757:759	RCM	757:759	RCM	757:759	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	3	30	theme	ex	487:488	arg1	RCM					495:497	ex vivo RCM	487:497	ex vivo RCM	487:497	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	3	30	theme	ex	487:488	arg1	techniques					475:484	these new techniques	465:484	both these new techniques	460:484	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	6	31	from	600	1050:1052	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	31	from	600	1050:1052	arg1	peaks					1041:1045	peaks	1041:1045	peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1041:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	1	32	theme	tissue	154:159	arg1	fillers					161:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers	138:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers	138:167	BACKGROUND Soft tissue fillers are usually identified in the skin using the conventional histopathologic examination.
25066771	2	33	theme	foreign	386:392	arg1	bodies					394:399	skin foreign bodies	381:399	skin foreign bodies	381:399	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	4	34	dep	METHODS	609:615	arg1	We					617:618	We	617:618	We	617:618	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	7	35	theme	conventional	1251:1262	arg1	examination					1280:1290	conventional histopathologic examination	1251:1290	conventional histopathologic examination	1251:1290	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	2	36	theme	skin	381:384	arg1	bodies					394:399	skin foreign bodies	381:399	skin foreign bodies	381:399	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	7	37	dep	ex	1208:1209	arg1	vivo					1211:1214	vivo	1211:1214	vivo	1211:1214	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	9	38	theme	chemical	1513:1520	arg1	identification					1522:1535	a precise chemical identification	1503:1535	a precise chemical identification of the filler	1503:1549	RS allow a precise chemical identification of the filler.
25066771	3	39	theme	techniques	475:484	arg1	use					453:455	the use	449:455	the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition	449:606	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	3	40	theme	reaction	543:550	arg1	diagnosis					522:530	the diagnosis	518:530	the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler	518:574	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	3	41	dep	use	453:455	arg1	identify					583:590	identify	583:590	to identify its composition	580:606	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	3	41	dep	use	453:455	arg1	confirm					510:516	confirm	510:516	to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler	507:574	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	8	42	contain	has	1361:1363	arg1	RCM					1357:1359	RCM	1357:1359	RCM	1357:1359	RCM has the advantage compared with the histopathologic examination that can be extemporaneously performed on a fresh surgical specimen.
25066771	8	42	contain	has	1361:1363	arg2	advantage					1369:1377	the advantage	1365:1377	the advantage	1365:1377	RCM has the advantage compared with the histopathologic examination that can be extemporaneously performed on a fresh surgical specimen.
25066771	0	43	theme	reaction	114:121	arg1	case					98:101	a case	96:101	a case of adverse reaction to the filler	96:135	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	5	44	theme	histopathologic	945:959	arg1	examination					961:971	histopathologic examination	945:971	histopathologic examination	945:971	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	0	45	dep	ex	42:43	arg1	vivo					45:48	vivo	45:48	vivo	45:48	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	6	46	from	series	1031:1036	arg1	1252					1064:1067	970 1252	1060:1067	970 1252	1060:1067	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	46	from	series	1031:1036	arg1	2951 cm					1086:1092	2951 cm(-1)	1086:1096	2951 cm(-1)	1086:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	46	from	series	1031:1036	arg1	600					1050:1052	600	1050:1052	600	1050:1052	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	46	from	series	1031:1036	arg1	1450					1070:1073	1450	1070:1073	1450	1070:1073	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	46	from	series	1031:1036	arg1	1728					1076:1079	1728	1076:1079	1728	1076:1079	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	46	from	series	1031:1036	arg1	813					1055:1057	813	1055:1057	813	1055:1057	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	7	47	dep	CONCLUSION	1170:1179	arg1	suggest					1195:1201	suggest	1195:1201	suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction	1195:1354	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	0	48	theme	tissue	25:30	arg1	Identification					0:13	Identification	0:13	Identification of a soft tissue	0:30	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	8	49	theme	histopathologic	1397:1411	arg1	examination					1413:1423	the histopathologic examination	1393:1423	the histopathologic examination that can be extemporaneously performed on a fresh surgical specimen	1393:1491	RCM has the advantage compared with the histopathologic examination that can be extemporaneously performed on a fresh surgical specimen.
25066771	0	50	theme	adverse	106:112	arg1	reaction					114:121	adverse reaction	106:121	adverse reaction to the filler	106:135	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	0	51	theme	soft	20:23	arg1	tissue					25:30	a soft tissue	18:30	a soft tissue	18:30	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	0	52	theme	ex	42:43	arg1	microscopy					59:68	ex vivo confocal microscopy	42:68	ex vivo confocal microscopy	42:68	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	3	53	theme	adverse	535:541	arg1	reaction					543:550	adverse reaction	535:550	adverse reaction	535:550	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	5	54	theme	Ex	833:834	arg1	RCM					841:843	Ex vivo RCM	833:843	Ex vivo RCM	833:843	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	5	55	theme	polymethylmethacrylate	988:1009	arg1	suggestive					974:983	suggestive	974:983	suggestive	974:983	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	4	56	dep	nodule	635:640	arg1	suspicious					642:651	a skin nodule suspicious	628:651	a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler	628:693	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	3	57	theme	tissue	562:567	arg1	filler					569:574	a soft tissue filler	555:574	a soft tissue filler	555:574	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	2	58	theme	Raman	298:302	arg1	RS					318:319	RS	318:319	RS	318:319	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	2	58	theme	Raman	298:302	arg1	spectroscopy					304:315	Raman spectroscopy	298:315	Raman spectroscopy (RS)	298:320	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	6	59	from	1450	1070:1073	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	59	from	1450	1070:1073	arg1	peaks					1041:1045	peaks	1041:1045	peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1041:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	4	60	theme	histopathologic	769:783	arg1	examination					785:795	an histopathologic examination	766:795	an histopathologic examination	766:795	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	7	61	theme	adverse	1339:1345	arg1	reaction					1347:1354	adverse reaction	1339:1354	adverse reaction	1339:1354	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	4	62	theme	soft	676:679	arg1	filler					688:693	soft tissue filler	676:693	soft tissue filler	676:693	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	7	63	theme	ex	1208:1209	arg1	RS					1224:1225	RS	1224:1225	RS	1224:1225	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	7	63	theme	ex	1208:1209	arg1	tools					1242:1246	additional tools	1231:1246	additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination	1231:1290	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	7	63	theme	ex	1208:1209	arg1	RCM					1216:1218	RCM	1216:1218	RCM	1216:1218	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	5	64	dep	RESULTS	825:831	arg1	showed					845:850	showed	845:850	showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)	845:1016	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	2	65	used	used	277:280	arg2	RCM					264:266	Ex vivo RCM	256:266	Ex vivo RCM	256:266	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	4	66	theme	adverse	656:662	arg1	reaction					664:671	adverse reaction	656:671	adverse reaction	656:671	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	5	67	theme	rounded	925:931	arg1	vacuoles					933:940	rounded vacuoles	925:940	rounded vacuoles	925:940	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	5	68	theme	numerous	852:859	arg1	microspheres					877:888	numerous hypo-reflective microspheres	852:888	numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)	852:1016	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	5	69	dep	Ex	833:834	arg1	vivo					836:839	vivo	836:839	vivo	836:839	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	6	70	from	1728	1076:1079	arg1	series					1031:1036	a series	1029:1036	a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1029:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	6	70	from	1728	1076:1079	arg1	peaks					1041:1045	peaks	1041:1045	peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1)	1041:1096	RS showed a series of peaks at 600, 813, 970 1252, 1450, 1728, and 2951 cm(-1) in correspondence to the microspheres, confirming the presence of PMMA.
25066771	0	71	theme	confocal	50:57	arg1	microscopy					59:68	ex vivo confocal microscopy	42:68	ex vivo confocal microscopy	42:68	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25066771	3	72	theme	soft	557:560	arg1	filler					569:574	a soft tissue filler	555:574	a soft tissue filler	555:574	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	5	73	theme	hypo-reflective	861:875	arg1	microspheres					877:888	numerous hypo-reflective microspheres	852:888	numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)	852:1016	RESULTS Ex vivo RCM showed numerous hypo-reflective microspheres in the dermis that corresponded to rounded vacuoles at histopathologic examination, suggestive of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).
25066771	3	74	dep	techniques	475:484	arg1	both					460:463	both	460:463	both	460:463	We report the use of both these new techniques, ex vivo RCM and RS, to confirm the diagnosis of adverse reaction to a soft tissue filler and to identify its composition.
25066771	7	75	theme	tissue	1313:1318	arg1	fillers					1320:1326	soft tissue fillers	1308:1326	soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction	1308:1354	CONCLUSION These results suggest that ex vivo RCM and RS are additional tools to conventional histopathologic examination to characterize soft tissue fillers in case of adverse reaction.
25066771	4	76	theme	tissue	681:686	arg1	filler					688:693	soft tissue filler	676:693	soft tissue filler	676:693	METHODS We excised a skin nodule suspicious of adverse reaction to soft tissue filler, and we performed an ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and an histopathologic examination, followed by a RS analysis.
25066771	2	77	dep	Ex	256:257	arg1	vivo					259:262	vivo	259:262	vivo	259:262	Ex vivo RCM has been used in one case and Raman spectroscopy (RS), which has been recently applied for the identification of skin foreign bodies, has never been employed for fillers.
25066771	9	78	theme	filler	1544:1549	arg1	identification					1522:1535	a precise chemical identification	1503:1535	a precise chemical identification of the filler	1503:1549	RS allow a precise chemical identification of the filler.
25066771	0	79	from	case	98:101	arg1	filler					32:37	filler	32:37	filler	32:37	Identification of a soft tissue filler by ex vivo confocal microscopy and Raman spectroscopy in a case of adverse reaction to the filler.
25047068	4	0	theme	starch	770:775	arg1	digestibility					777:789	in vitro starch digestibility	761:789	in vitro starch digestibility	761:789	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	7	1	theme	pasta	1127:1131	arg1	adhesiveness					1199:1210	adhesiveness	1199:1210	adhesiveness	1199:1210	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	1	theme	pasta	1127:1131	arg1	attributes					1141:1150	the pasta quality attributes	1123:1150	the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness)	1123:1242	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	1	theme	pasta	1127:1131	arg1	index					1180:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	1	theme	pasta	1127:1131	arg1	matter					1191:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	1	theme	pasta	1127:1131	arg1	springiness					1231:1241	springiness	1231:1241	springiness	1231:1241	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	1	theme	pasta	1127:1131	arg1	absorption					1159:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	2	2	theme	nondurum	329:336	arg1	materials					344:352	nondurum wheat materials	329:352	nondurum wheat materials	329:352	However, incorporating nondurum wheat materials into pasta provides a challenge in terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	8	3	dep	%	1378:1378	arg1	WSF					1387:1389	WSF	1387:1389	WSF	1387:1389	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	8	3	dep	%	1378:1378	arg1	RSF					1380:1382	RSF	1380:1382	RSF	1380:1382	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	3	4	theme	%	632:632	arg1	levels					657:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	5	theme	durum	483:487	arg1	DWS					505:507	DWS	505:507	DWS	505:507	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	5	theme	durum	483:487	arg1	semolina					495:502	100% durum wheat semolina	478:502	100% durum wheat semolina (DWS)	478:508	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	1	6	theme	staple	246:251	arg1	food					253:256	staple food	246:256	staple food	246:256	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	9	7	theme	wholegrain	1523:1532	arg1	flour					1542:1546	wholegrain sorghum flour	1523:1546	wholegrain sorghum flour	1523:1546	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	4	8	theme	in	761:762	arg1	digestibility					777:789	in vitro starch digestibility	761:789	in vitro starch digestibility	761:789	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	3	9	theme	%	641:641	arg1	levels					657:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	1	10	theme	valuable	158:165	arg1	sorghum					145:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	1	10	theme	valuable	158:165	arg1	source					167:172	a valuable source	156:172	a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants	156:222	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	6	11	theme	sorghum-containing	1029:1046	arg1	pastas					1048:1053	all the sorghum-containing pastas	1021:1053	all the sorghum-containing pastas	1021:1053	The rapidly digestible starch was lowered in all the sorghum-containing pastas compared to the control pasta.
25047068	5	12	dep	in	892:893	arg1	vitro					895:899	vitro	895:899	vitro	895:899	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	3	13	theme	wheat	489:493	arg1	DWS					505:507	DWS	505:507	DWS	505:507	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	13	theme	wheat	489:493	arg1	semolina					495:502	100% durum wheat semolina	478:502	100% durum wheat semolina (DWS)	478:508	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	9	14	theme	30	1560:1561	arg1	%					1562:1562	%	1562:1562	%	1562:1562	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	0	15	theme	durum	114:118	arg1	pasta					126:130	durum wheat pasta	114:130	durum wheat pasta	114:130	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	3	16	theme	red	564:566	arg1	flour					576:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour	553:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF)	553:586	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	16	theme	red	564:566	arg1	RSF					583:585	RSF	583:585	RSF	583:585	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	1	17	theme	starch	187:192	arg1	sorghum					145:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	1	17	theme	starch	187:192	arg1	source					167:172	a valuable source	156:172	a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants	156:222	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	9	18	theme	incorporation	1564:1576	arg1	level					1578:1582	30% incorporation level	1560:1582	30% incorporation level	1560:1582	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	0	19	theme	pasta	126:130	arg1	acceptability					97:109	consumer acceptability	88:109	consumer acceptability	88:109	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	0	19	theme	pasta	126:130	arg1	digestibility					52:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	0	19	theme	pasta	126:130	arg1	quality					75:81	cooking quality	67:81	cooking quality	67:81	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	5	20	theme	substitution	925:936	arg1	levels					938:943	all substitution levels	921:943	all substitution levels	921:943	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	3	21	theme	laboratory-scale	677:692	arg1	procedure					694:702	a laboratory-scale procedure	675:702	a laboratory-scale procedure	675:702	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	0	22	theme	starch	45:50	arg1	digestibility					52:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	9	23	theme	consumer	1675:1682	arg1	acceptability					1684:1696	consumer acceptability	1675:1696	consumer acceptability	1675:1696	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	3	24	with	DWS	537:539	arg1	flour					576:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour	553:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF)	553:586	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	24	with	DWS	537:539	arg1	WSF					612:614	WSF	612:614	WSF	612:614	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	24	with	DWS	537:539	arg1	flour					605:609	white sorghum flour	591:609	white sorghum flour (WSF)	591:615	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	24	with	DWS	537:539	arg1	RSF					583:585	RSF	583:585	RSF	583:585	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	9	25	from	level	1578:1582	arg1	pasta					1551:1555	pasta	1551:1555	pasta at 30% incorporation level	1551:1582	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	9	26	theme	starch	1606:1611	arg1	digestibility					1613:1625	starch digestibility	1606:1625	starch digestibility	1606:1625	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	1	27	theme	grain	139:143	arg1	sorghum					145:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	1	27	theme	grain	139:143	arg1	source					167:172	a valuable source	156:172	a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants	156:222	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	0	28	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	acceptability					97:109	consumer acceptability	88:109	consumer acceptability	88:109	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	0	28	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	digestibility					52:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	0	28	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	quality					75:81	cooking quality	67:81	cooking quality	67:81	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	7	29	theme	WSF	1101:1103	arg1	addition					1105:1112	WSF addition	1101:1112	WSF addition	1101:1112	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	5	30	theme	WSF	866:868	arg1	addition					841:848	The addition	837:848	The addition of both RSF and WSF	837:868	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	9	31	theme	cooking	1655:1661	arg1	quality					1663:1669	adequate cooking quality	1646:1669	adequate cooking quality	1646:1669	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	0	32	theme	sorghum	10:16	arg1	addition					24:31	sorghum flour addition	10:31	sorghum flour addition	10:31	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	5	33	theme	RSF	858:860	arg1	addition					841:848	The addition	837:848	The addition of both RSF and WSF	837:868	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	3	34	theme	sorghum	597:603	arg1	WSF					612:614	WSF	612:614	WSF	612:614	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	34	theme	sorghum	597:603	arg1	flour					605:609	white sorghum flour	591:609	white sorghum flour (WSF)	591:615	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	0	35	theme	addition	24:31	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.	0:131	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	0	36	dep	in	36:37	arg1	vitro					39:43	vitro	39:43	vitro	39:43	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	3	37	theme	100	478:480	arg1	%					481:481	%	481:481	%	481:481	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	0	38	theme	in	36:37	arg1	digestibility					52:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	in vitro starch digestibility	36:64	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	1	39	theme	starch	284:289	arg1	digestibility					291:303	the starch digestibility	280:303	the starch digestibility	280:303	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	9	40	theme	sorghum	1534:1540	arg1	flour					1542:1546	wholegrain sorghum flour	1523:1546	wholegrain sorghum flour	1523:1546	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	2	41	from	challenge	376:384	arg1	terms					389:393	terms	389:393	terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability	389:451	However, incorporating nondurum wheat materials into pasta provides a challenge in terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	7	42	theme	swelling	1171:1178	arg1	attributes					1141:1150	the pasta quality attributes	1123:1150	the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness)	1123:1242	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	42	theme	swelling	1171:1178	arg1	index					1180:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	5	43	theme	digestion	908:916	arg1	extent					882:887	the extent	878:887	the extent of in vitro starch digestion	878:916	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	4	44	theme	Pasta	705:709	arg1	samples					711:717	Pasta samples	705:717	Pasta samples	705:717	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	1	45	theme	antioxidants	211:222	arg1	sorghum					145:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	1	45	theme	antioxidants	211:222	arg1	source					167:172	a valuable source	156:172	a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants	156:222	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	6	46	theme	digestible	988:997	arg1	starch					999:1004	The rapidly digestible starch	976:1004	The rapidly digestible starch	976:1004	The rapidly digestible starch was lowered in all the sorghum-containing pastas compared to the control pasta.
25047068	8	47	theme	acceptability	1462:1474	arg1	criteria					1476:1483	the preset acceptability criteria	1451:1483	the preset acceptability criteria	1451:1483	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	3	48	theme	%	627:627	arg1	levels					657:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	2	49	theme	wheat	338:342	arg1	materials					344:352	nondurum wheat materials	329:352	nondurum wheat materials	329:352	However, incorporating nondurum wheat materials into pasta provides a challenge in terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	9	50	theme	flour	1542:1546	arg1	addition					1511:1518	the addition	1507:1518	the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level	1507:1582	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	9	50	theme	flour	1542:1546	arg1	possible					1587:1594	possible	1587:1594	possible	1587:1594	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	7	51	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	adhesiveness					1199:1210	adhesiveness	1199:1210	adhesiveness	1199:1210	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	51	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	attributes					1141:1150	the pasta quality attributes	1123:1150	the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness)	1123:1242	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	51	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	index					1180:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	51	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	matter					1191:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	51	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	springiness					1231:1241	springiness	1231:1241	springiness	1231:1241	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	51	theme	quality	1133:1139	arg1	absorption					1159:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	6	52	theme	control	1071:1077	arg1	pasta					1079:1083	the control pasta	1067:1083	the control pasta	1067:1083	The rapidly digestible starch was lowered in all the sorghum-containing pastas compared to the control pasta.
25047068	8	53	contain	had	1391:1393	arg2	palatability					1406:1417	acceptable palatability	1395:1417	acceptable palatability	1395:1417	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	8	53	contain	had	1391:1393	arg1	samples					1349:1355	pasta samples	1343:1355	pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF	1343:1389	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	4	54	theme	proximate	738:746	arg1	composition					748:758	proximate composition	738:758	proximate composition	738:758	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	3	55	theme	30	630:631	arg1	%					632:632	%	632:632	%	632:632	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	56	theme	incorporation	643:655	arg1	levels					657:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels	625:662	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	4	57	theme	consumer	813:820	arg1	acceptability					822:834	consumer acceptability	813:834	consumer acceptability	813:834	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	3	58	dep	DWS	537:539	arg1	each					617:620	each	617:620	each	617:620	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	59	theme	40	639:640	arg1	%					641:641	%	641:641	%	641:641	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	0	60	theme	wheat	120:124	arg1	pasta					126:130	durum wheat pasta	114:130	durum wheat pasta	114:130	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	5	61	theme	control	961:967	arg1	pasta					969:973	the control pasta	957:973	the control pasta	957:973	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	3	62	theme	wholegrain	553:562	arg1	flour					576:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour	553:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF)	553:586	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	62	theme	wholegrain	553:562	arg1	RSF					583:585	RSF	583:585	RSF	583:585	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	1	63	theme	resistant	177:185	arg1	starch					187:192	resistant starch	177:192	resistant starch	177:192	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	9	64	theme	%	1562:1562	arg1	level					1578:1582	30% incorporation level	1560:1582	30% incorporation level	1560:1582	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	8	65	theme	pasta	1343:1347	arg1	samples					1349:1355	pasta samples	1343:1355	pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF	1343:1389	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	4	66	theme	cooking	792:798	arg1	quality					800:806	cooking quality	792:806	cooking quality	792:806	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	3	67	theme	sorghum	568:574	arg1	flour					576:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour	553:580	wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF)	553:586	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	67	theme	sorghum	568:574	arg1	RSF					583:585	RSF	583:585	RSF	583:585	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	0	68	theme	cooking	67:73	arg1	quality					75:81	cooking quality	67:81	cooking quality	67:81	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	1	69	theme	Whole	133:137	arg1	sorghum					145:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum	133:151	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	1	69	theme	Whole	133:137	arg1	source					167:172	a valuable source	156:172	a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants	156:222	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	0	70	theme	consumer	88:95	arg1	acceptability					97:109	consumer acceptability	88:109	consumer acceptability	88:109	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	9	71	theme	adequate	1646:1653	arg1	quality					1663:1669	adequate cooking quality	1646:1669	adequate cooking quality	1646:1669	It is concluded that the addition of wholegrain sorghum flour to pasta at 30% incorporation level is possible to reduce starch digestibility, while maintaining adequate cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	8	72	theme	acceptable	1395:1404	arg1	palatability					1406:1417	acceptable palatability	1395:1417	acceptable palatability	1395:1417	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	4	73	dep	in	761:762	arg1	vitro					764:768	vitro	764:768	vitro	764:768	Pasta samples were evaluated for proximate composition, in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability.
25047068	0	74	theme	flour	18:22	arg1	addition					24:31	sorghum flour addition	10:31	sorghum flour addition	10:31	Effect of sorghum flour addition on in vitro starch digestibility, cooking quality, and consumer acceptability of durum wheat pasta.
25047068	8	75	theme	sensory	1312:1318	arg1	results					1320:1326	Consumer sensory results	1303:1326	Consumer sensory results	1303:1326	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	adhesiveness					1199:1210	adhesiveness	1199:1210	adhesiveness	1199:1210	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	cohesiveness					1213:1224	cohesiveness	1213:1224	cohesiveness	1213:1224	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	attributes					1141:1150	the pasta quality attributes	1123:1150	the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness)	1123:1242	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	index					1180:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	swelling index	1171:1184	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	matter					1191:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	springiness					1231:1241	springiness	1231:1241	springiness	1231:1241	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	76	dep	attributes	1141:1150	arg1	absorption					1159:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	77	theme	dry	1187:1189	arg1	attributes					1141:1150	the pasta quality attributes	1123:1150	the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness)	1123:1242	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	77	theme	dry	1187:1189	arg1	matter					1191:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	dry matter	1187:1196	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	2	78	theme	cooking	410:416	arg1	quality					418:424	cooking quality	410:424	cooking quality	410:424	However, incorporating nondurum wheat materials into pasta provides a challenge in terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
25047068	3	79	theme	white	591:595	arg1	WSF					612:614	WSF	612:614	WSF	612:614	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	79	theme	white	591:595	arg1	flour					605:609	white sorghum flour	591:609	white sorghum flour (WSF)	591:615	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	5	80	theme	starch	901:906	arg1	digestion					908:916	in vitro starch digestion	892:916	in vitro starch digestion	892:916	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	3	81	theme	%	481:481	arg1	DWS					505:507	DWS	505:507	DWS	505:507	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	3	81	theme	%	481:481	arg1	semolina					495:502	100% durum wheat semolina	478:502	100% durum wheat semolina (DWS)	478:508	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	7	82	theme	water	1153:1157	arg1	attributes					1141:1150	the pasta quality attributes	1123:1150	the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness)	1123:1242	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	7	82	theme	water	1153:1157	arg1	absorption					1159:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	water absorption	1153:1168	Neither RSF or WSF addition affected the pasta quality attributes (water absorption, swelling index, dry matter, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and springiness), except color and hardness which were negatively affected.
25047068	8	83	theme	preset	1455:1460	arg1	criteria					1476:1483	the preset acceptability criteria	1451:1483	the preset acceptability criteria	1451:1483	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	1	84	theme	polyphenolic	198:209	arg1	antioxidants					211:222	polyphenolic antioxidants	198:222	polyphenolic antioxidants	198:222	Whole grain sorghum is a valuable source of resistant starch and polyphenolic antioxidants and its addition into staple food like pasta may reduce the starch digestibility.
25047068	5	85	theme	in	892:893	arg1	digestion					908:916	in vitro starch digestion	892:916	in vitro starch digestion	892:916	The addition of both RSF and WSF lowered the extent of in vitro starch digestion at all substitution levels compared to the control pasta.
25047068	8	86	contain	containing	1357:1366	arg2	%					1370:1370	20%	1368:1370	20%	1368:1370	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	8	86	contain	containing	1357:1366	arg1	samples					1349:1355	pasta samples	1343:1355	pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF	1343:1389	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	8	86	contain	containing	1357:1366	arg2	%					1378:1378	30% RSF or WSF	1376:1389	30% RSF or WSF	1376:1389	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	8	87	theme	criteria	1476:1483	arg1	criteria					1476:1483	the preset acceptability criteria	1451:1483	the preset acceptability criteria	1451:1483	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	8	87	theme	criteria	1476:1483	arg1	one					1436:1438	one	1436:1438	one	1436:1438	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	3	88	theme	20	625:626	arg1	%					627:627	%	627:627	%	627:627	Pasta was prepared from 100% durum wheat semolina (DWS) as control or by replacing DWS with either wholegrain red sorghum flour (RSF) or white sorghum flour (WSF) each at 20%, 30%, and 40% incorporation levels, following a laboratory-scale procedure.
25047068	8	89	theme	Consumer	1303:1310	arg1	results					1320:1326	Consumer sensory results	1303:1326	Consumer sensory results	1303:1326	Consumer sensory results indicated that pasta samples containing 20% and 30% RSF or WSF had acceptable palatability based on meeting one or both of the preset acceptability criteria.
25047068	2	90	theme	consumer	430:437	arg1	acceptability					439:451	consumer acceptability	430:451	consumer acceptability	430:451	However, incorporating nondurum wheat materials into pasta provides a challenge in terms of maintaining cooking quality and consumer acceptability.
24724989	11	0	theme	clone	1377:1381	arg1	29i4					1383:1386	fosmid clone 29i4	1370:1386	fosmid clone 29i4	1370:1386	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	0	1	from	growth	28:33	arg1	microcosms					83:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	1	2	theme	acidic	175:180	arg1	soils					182:186	acidic soils	175:186	acidic soils	175:186	Accumulating evidence suggests that Thaumarchaeota may control nitrification in acidic soils.
24724989	9	3	theme	16S	1078:1080	arg1	sequences					1092:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences	1058:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil	1058:1116	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	0	4	theme	soil	78:81	arg1	microcosms					83:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	8	5	theme	ammonia	1039:1045	arg1	oxidation					1047:1055	ammonia oxidation	1039:1055	ammonia oxidation	1039:1055	These results indicated that growth of Thaumarchaeota was dependent on ammonia oxidation.
24724989	9	6	theme	rRNA	1082:1085	arg1	sequences					1092:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences	1058:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil	1058:1116	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	4	7	theme	local	590:594	arg1	farming					596:602	local farming	590:602	local farming	590:602	Cellulose was selected to simulate the input of crop residues used to increase soil fertility by local farming.
24724989	3	8	theme	Thaumarchaeota	379:392	arg1	abundance					350:358	abundance	350:358	abundance	350:358	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	8	theme	Thaumarchaeota	379:392	arg1	composition					364:374	composition	364:374	composition	364:374	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	7	9	theme	heterotrophic	940:952	arg1	assimilation					954:965	enhanced heterotrophic assimilation	931:965	enhanced heterotrophic assimilation	931:965	They were also inhibited by cellulose amendment, possibly due to the depletion of ammonium by enhanced heterotrophic assimilation.
24724989	5	10	theme	NO3-	621:624	arg1	Accumulation					605:616	Accumulation	605:616	Accumulation of NO3-(-N)	605:628	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	9	11	theme	gene	1087:1090	arg1	sequences					1092:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences	1058:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil	1058:1116	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	5	12	theme	monooxygenase	725:737	arg1	qPCR					696:699	qPCR	696:699	qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes	696:750	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	5	13	theme	Thaumarchaeota	664:677	arg1	growth					654:659	the growth	650:659	the growth of Thaumarchaeota	650:677	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	1	14	from	nitrification	158:170	arg1	soils					182:186	acidic soils	175:186	acidic soils	175:186	Accumulating evidence suggests that Thaumarchaeota may control nitrification in acidic soils.
24724989	10	15	theme	amoA	1265:1268	arg1	sequences					1270:1278	The archaeal amoA sequences	1252:1278	The archaeal amoA sequences	1252:1278	The archaeal amoA sequences were mainly related to the Nitrososphaera sister cluster.
24724989	10	15	theme	amoA	1265:1268	arg1	related					1292:1298	related	1292:1298	related	1292:1298	The archaeal amoA sequences were mainly related to the Nitrososphaera sister cluster.
24724989	11	16	theme	sister	1407:1412	arg1	cluster					1414:1420	Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1392:1420	Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1392:1420	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	8	17	theme	Thaumarchaeota	1007:1020	arg1	growth					997:1002	growth	997:1002	growth of Thaumarchaeota	997:1020	These results indicated that growth of Thaumarchaeota was dependent on ammonia oxidation.
24724989	7	18	theme	cellulose	865:873	arg1	amendment					875:883	cellulose amendment	865:883	cellulose amendment	865:883	They were also inhibited by cellulose amendment, possibly due to the depletion of ammonium by enhanced heterotrophic assimilation.
24724989	6	19	theme	thaumarchaeotal	785:799	arg1	growth					801:806	thaumarchaeotal growth	785:806	thaumarchaeotal growth	785:806	Both nitrification activity and thaumarchaeotal growth were inhibited by acetylene.
24724989	11	20	theme	same	1436:1439	arg1	Thaumarchaeota					1450:1463	Thaumarchaeota	1450:1463	Thaumarchaeota	1450:1463	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	11	20	theme	same	1436:1439	arg1	group					1441:1445	the same group	1432:1445	the same group of Thaumarchaeota	1432:1463	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	0	21	theme	oxidation-dependent	8:26	arg1	growth					28:33	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth	0:33	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.	0:93	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	5	22	dep	rRNA	708:711	arg1	genes					746:750	genes	746:750	genes	746:750	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	9	23	theme	red	1109:1111	arg1	soil					1113:1116	the red soil	1105:1116	the red soil	1105:1116	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	0	24	theme	Ammonia	0:6	arg1	growth					28:33	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth	0:33	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.	0:93	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	4	25	theme	soil	572:575	arg1	fertility					577:585	soil fertility	572:585	soil fertility	572:585	Cellulose was selected to simulate the input of crop residues used to increase soil fertility by local farming.
24724989	7	26	theme	ammonium	919:926	arg1	depletion					906:914	the depletion	902:914	the depletion of ammonium by enhanced heterotrophic assimilation	902:965	They were also inhibited by cellulose amendment, possibly due to the depletion of ammonium by enhanced heterotrophic assimilation.
24724989	1	27	theme	Accumulating	95:106	arg1	evidence					108:115	Accumulating evidence	95:115	Accumulating evidence	95:115	Accumulating evidence suggests that Thaumarchaeota may control nitrification in acidic soils.
24724989	5	28	theme	ammonia	717:723	arg1	amoA					740:743	amoA	740:743	amoA	740:743	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	5	28	theme	ammonia	717:723	arg1	monooxygenase					725:737	ammonia monooxygenase	717:737	ammonia monooxygenase (amoA)	717:744	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	6	29	theme	nitrification	758:770	arg1	activity					772:779	nitrification activity	758:779	nitrification activity	758:779	Both nitrification activity and thaumarchaeotal growth were inhibited by acetylene.
24724989	3	30	theme	acidic	400:405	arg1	soil					411:414	an acidic red soil	397:414	an acidic red soil from China	397:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	5	31	theme	16S	704:706	arg1	rRNA					708:711	16S rRNA	704:711	16S rRNA	704:711	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	3	32	from	composition	364:374	arg1	China					421:425	China	421:425	China	421:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	32	from	composition	364:374	arg1	soil					411:414	an acidic red soil	397:414	an acidic red soil from China	397:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	10	33	theme	Nitrososphaera	1307:1320	arg1	cluster					1329:1335	the Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1303:1335	the Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1303:1335	The archaeal amoA sequences were mainly related to the Nitrososphaera sister cluster.
24724989	0	34	theme	I.1b	44:47	arg1	Thaumarchaeota					49:62	group I.1b Thaumarchaeota	38:62	group I.1b Thaumarchaeota	38:62	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	11	35	theme	Thaumarchaeota	1450:1463	arg1	Thaumarchaeota					1450:1463	Thaumarchaeota	1450:1463	Thaumarchaeota	1450:1463	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	11	35	theme	Thaumarchaeota	1450:1463	arg1	group					1441:1445	the same group	1432:1445	the same group of Thaumarchaeota	1432:1463	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	5	36	theme	rRNA	708:711	arg1	qPCR					696:699	qPCR	696:699	qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes	696:750	Accumulation of NO3-(-N) was correlated with the growth of Thaumarchaeota as determined by qPCR of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes.
24724989	2	37	theme	functioning	259:269	arg1	composition					202:212	the composition	198:212	the composition of the thaumarchaeotal communities and their functioning	198:269	However, the composition of the thaumarchaeotal communities and their functioning is not well known.
24724989	11	38	theme	acidic	1499:1504	arg1	soil					1510:1513	acidic red soil	1499:1513	acidic red soil	1499:1513	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	0	39	theme	group	38:42	arg1	Thaumarchaeota					49:62	group I.1b Thaumarchaeota	38:62	group I.1b Thaumarchaeota	38:62	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	4	40	theme	residues	546:553	arg1	input					532:536	the input	528:536	the input of crop residues used to increase soil fertility by local farming	528:602	Cellulose was selected to simulate the input of crop residues used to increase soil fertility by local farming.
24724989	11	41	theme	fosmid	1370:1375	arg1	29i4					1383:1386	fosmid clone 29i4	1370:1386	fosmid clone 29i4	1370:1386	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	3	42	from	China	421:425	arg1	abundance					350:358	abundance	350:358	abundance	350:358	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	42	from	China	421:425	arg1	soil					411:414	an acidic red soil	397:414	an acidic red soil from China	397:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	42	from	China	421:425	arg1	composition					364:374	composition	364:374	composition	364:374	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	43	theme	cellulose	472:480	arg1	amendment					482:490	cellulose amendment	472:490	cellulose amendment	472:490	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	4	44	theme	crop	541:544	arg1	residues					546:553	crop residues	541:553	crop residues	541:553	Cellulose was selected to simulate the input of crop residues used to increase soil fertility by local farming.
24724989	9	45	theme	group	1189:1193	arg1	I.1b					1195:1198	the group I.1b	1185:1198	the group I.1b	1185:1198	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	11	46	theme	Nitrososphaera	1392:1405	arg1	cluster					1414:1420	Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1392:1420	Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1392:1420	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	0	47	theme	Thaumarchaeota	49:62	arg1	growth					28:33	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth	0:33	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.	0:93	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	2	48	theme	thaumarchaeotal	221:235	arg1	communities					237:247	the thaumarchaeotal communities	217:247	the thaumarchaeotal communities	217:247	However, the composition of the thaumarchaeotal communities and their functioning is not well known.
24724989	2	49	theme	communities	237:247	arg1	composition					202:212	the composition	198:212	the composition of the thaumarchaeotal communities and their functioning	198:269	However, the composition of the thaumarchaeotal communities and their functioning is not well known.
24724989	9	50	theme	related	1144:1150	arg1	clade					1138:1142	a clade	1136:1142	a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured	1136:1249	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	11	51	theme	red	1506:1508	arg1	soil					1510:1513	acidic red soil	1499:1513	acidic red soil	1499:1513	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	7	52	theme	enhanced	931:938	arg1	assimilation					954:965	enhanced heterotrophic assimilation	931:965	enhanced heterotrophic assimilation	931:965	They were also inhibited by cellulose amendment, possibly due to the depletion of ammonium by enhanced heterotrophic assimilation.
24724989	10	53	theme	sister	1322:1327	arg1	cluster					1329:1335	the Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1303:1335	the Nitrososphaera sister cluster	1303:1335	The archaeal amoA sequences were mainly related to the Nitrososphaera sister cluster.
24724989	10	54	theme	archaeal	1256:1263	arg1	sequences					1270:1278	The archaeal amoA sequences	1252:1278	The archaeal amoA sequences	1252:1278	The archaeal amoA sequences were mainly related to the Nitrososphaera sister cluster.
24724989	10	54	theme	archaeal	1256:1263	arg1	related					1292:1298	related	1292:1298	related	1292:1298	The archaeal amoA sequences were mainly related to the Nitrososphaera sister cluster.
24724989	3	55	theme	nitrification	312:324	arg1	activity					326:333	nitrification activity	312:333	nitrification activity	312:333	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	56	from	abundance	350:358	arg1	China					421:425	China	421:425	China	421:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	3	56	from	abundance	350:358	arg1	soil					411:414	an acidic red soil	397:414	an acidic red soil from China	397:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	9	57	theme	soil	1155:1158	arg1	29i4					1173:1176	soil fosmid clone 29i4	1155:1176	soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured	1155:1249	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	0	58	theme	red	74:76	arg1	microcosms					83:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	9	59	from	sequences	1092:1100	arg1	soil					1113:1116	the red soil	1105:1116	the red soil	1105:1116	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	9	60	theme	fosmid	1160:1165	arg1	29i4					1173:1176	soil fosmid clone 29i4	1155:1176	soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured	1155:1249	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	11	61	theme	ammonia	1478:1484	arg1	oxidation					1486:1494	ammonia oxidation	1478:1494	ammonia oxidation	1478:1494	These observations suggest that fosmid clone 29i4 and Nitrososphaera sister cluster represent the same group of Thaumarchaeota and dominate ammonia oxidation in acidic red soil.
24724989	0	62	theme	acidic	67:72	arg1	microcosms					83:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	acidic red soil microcosms	67:92	Ammonia oxidation-dependent growth of group I.1b Thaumarchaeota in acidic red soil microcosms.
24724989	9	63	theme	clone	1167:1171	arg1	29i4					1173:1176	soil fosmid clone 29i4	1155:1176	soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured	1155:1249	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24724989	3	64	theme	red	407:409	arg1	soil					411:414	an acidic red soil	397:414	an acidic red soil from China	397:425	Therefore, we studied nitrification activity in relation to abundance and composition of Thaumarchaeota in an acidic red soil from China, using microcosms incubated with and without cellulose amendment.
24724989	9	65	theme	thaumarchaeotal	1062:1076	arg1	sequences					1092:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences	1058:1100	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil	1058:1116	The thaumarchaeotal 16S rRNA gene sequences in the red soil were dominated by a clade related to soil fosmid clone 29i4 within the group I.1b, which is widely distributed but so far uncultured.
24684476	0	0	theme	acid	103:106	arg1	bacteria					108:115	lactic acid bacteria	96:115	lactic acid bacteria	96:115	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	6	1	theme	encapsulated	1379:1390	arg1	casei					1406:1410	the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1375:1410	the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1375:1410	However, when they come to the small intestine, where there is a neutral environment, the carriers dissolve rapidly because of the cooperation between protamine and trypsin; consequently, the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei can be quickly released.
24684476	5	2	theme	Lactobacillus	1121:1133	arg1	casei					1135:1139	thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1099:1139	thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1099:1139	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	1	3	theme	lactic	186:191	arg1	bacteria					198:205	lactic acid bacteria	186:205	lactic acid bacteria	186:205	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	7	4	theme	drug	1602:1605	arg1	systems					1616:1622	intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1582:1622	intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1582:1622	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	0	5	theme	lactic	96:101	arg1	bacteria					108:115	lactic acid bacteria	96:115	lactic acid bacteria	96:115	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	4	6	theme	composite	554:562	arg1	shell					564:568	The CAP composite shell	546:568	The CAP composite shell	546:568	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	5	7	theme	composite	939:947	arg1	shell					949:953	the CAP composite shell	931:953	the CAP composite shell of the carriers	931:969	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	1	8	theme	acid	193:196	arg1	bacteria					198:205	lactic acid bacteria	186:205	lactic acid bacteria	186:205	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	7	9	theme	delivery	1607:1614	arg1	systems					1616:1622	intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1582:1622	intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1582:1622	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	4	10	theme	CAP	550:552	arg1	shell					564:568	The CAP composite shell	546:568	The CAP composite shell	546:568	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	2	11	theme	composite	372:380	arg1	shell					382:386	a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell	342:386	a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell	342:386	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	7	12	theme	proposed	1441:1448	arg1	carrier					1464:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier	1437:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier	1437:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	4	13	theme	intestinal-targeted	707:725	arg1	characteristics					727:741	satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	694:741	the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	673:741	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	0	14	theme	bacteria	108:115	arg1	release					85:91	release	85:91	release of lactic acid bacteria	85:115	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	0	14	theme	bacteria	108:115	arg1	carrier					44:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier	0:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection	0:79	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	7	15	theme	controlled-release	1550:1567	arg1	systems					1569:1575	responsive controlled-release systems	1539:1575	responsive controlled-release systems	1539:1575	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	7	16	theme	CAP	1450:1452	arg1	carrier					1464:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier	1437:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier	1437:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	2	17	theme	proposed	310:317	arg1	carrier					319:325	The proposed carrier	306:325	The proposed carrier	306:325	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	2	18	theme	Ca-alginate/protamine	344:364	arg1	shell					382:386	a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell	342:386	a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell	342:386	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	4	19	theme	rapid	760:764	arg1	release					766:772	the rapid release	756:772	the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine	756:818	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	3	20	theme	adsorption	527:536	arg1	method					538:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	The carriers are prepared simply by a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method.
24684476	5	21	theme	acidic	855:860	arg1	environment					862:872	an acidic environment	852:872	an acidic environment	852:872	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	1	22	theme	bacteria	198:205	arg1	protection					172:181	pH-responsive protection	158:181	pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria	158:205	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	7	23	theme	intestinal-targeted	1582:1600	arg1	systems					1616:1622	intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1582:1622	intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1582:1622	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	5	24	theme	encapsulated	1108:1119	arg1	casei					1135:1139	thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1099:1139	thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1099:1139	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	5	25	theme	diffusion	879:887	arg1	channels					889:896	the diffusion channels	875:896	the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers	875:969	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	4	26	theme	satisfactory	694:705	arg1	characteristics					727:741	satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	694:741	the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	673:741	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	0	27	theme	intestinal-targeted	6:24	arg1	carrier					44:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier	0:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection	0:79	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	4	28	from	endurance	647:655	arg1	characteristics					727:741	satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	694:741	the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	673:741	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	4	28	from	endurance	647:655	arg1	stomach					677:683	the stomach	673:683	the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	673:741	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	4	29	theme	small	804:808	arg1	intestine					810:818	the small intestine	800:818	the small intestine	800:818	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	2	30	theme	Ca-alginate	427:437	arg1	core					444:447	a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core	392:447	a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core	392:447	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	0	31	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	carrier					44:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier	0:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection	0:79	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	4	32	theme	casei	791:795	arg1	release					766:772	the rapid release	756:772	the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine	756:818	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	5	33	theme	CA	916:917	arg1	networks					919:926	the CA networks	912:926	the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers	912:969	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	2	34	theme	Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated	394:425	arg1	core					444:447	a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core	392:447	a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core	392:447	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	4	35	theme	improved	586:593	arg1	protection					595:604	improved protection	586:604	improved protection for Lactobacillus casei	586:628	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	1	36	from	carrier	146:152	arg1	stomach					210:216	stomach	210:216	stomach	210:216	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	1	36	from	carrier	146:152	arg1	release					228:234	rapid release	222:234	rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine	222:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	5	37	theme	protamine	987:995	arg1	molecules					997:1005	protamine molecules	987:1005	protamine molecules	987:1005	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	1	38	theme	rapid	222:226	arg1	release					228:234	rapid release	222:234	rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine	222:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	0	39	theme	Ca-alginate-based	26:42	arg1	carrier					44:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier	0:50	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection	0:79	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	4	40	theme	Lactobacillus	610:622	arg1	casei					624:628	Lactobacillus casei	610:628	Lactobacillus casei	610:628	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	5	41	theme	CAP	1075:1077	arg1	shell					1089:1093	the CAP composite shell	1071:1093	the CAP composite shell	1071:1093	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	1	42	theme	novel	120:124	arg1	carrier					146:152	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier	118:152	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine	118:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	3	43	theme	minifluidic	500:510	arg1	method					538:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	The carriers are prepared simply by a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method.
24684476	0	44	theme	pH-responsive	56:68	arg1	protection					70:79	pH-responsive protection	56:79	pH-responsive protection	56:79	Novel intestinal-targeted Ca-alginate-based carrier for pH-responsive protection and release of lactic acid bacteria.
24684476	5	45	from	networks	919:926	arg1	shell					949:953	the CAP composite shell	931:953	the CAP composite shell of the carriers	931:969	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	5	46	theme	composite	1079:1087	arg1	shell					1089:1093	the CAP composite shell	1071:1093	the CAP composite shell	1071:1093	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	2	47	theme	CA	440:441	arg1	core					444:447	a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core	392:447	a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core	392:447	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	7	48	theme	novel	1483:1487	arg1	mode					1489:1492	a novel mode	1481:1492	a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems	1481:1622	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	7	49	theme	responsive	1539:1548	arg1	systems					1569:1575	responsive controlled-release systems	1539:1575	responsive controlled-release systems	1539:1575	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	1	50	theme	lactic	239:244	arg1	bacteria					251:258	lactic acid bacteria	239:258	lactic acid bacteria	239:258	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	6	51	theme	Lactobacillus	1392:1404	arg1	casei					1406:1410	the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1375:1410	the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei	1375:1410	However, when they come to the small intestine, where there is a neutral environment, the carriers dissolve rapidly because of the cooperation between protamine and trypsin; consequently, the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei can be quickly released.
24684476	5	52	theme	gastric	1040:1046	arg1	acid					1048:1051	the gastric acid	1036:1051	the gastric acid	1036:1051	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	7	53	theme	composite	1454:1462	arg1	carrier					1464:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier	1437:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier	1437:1470	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	1	54	theme	intestinal-targeted	126:144	arg1	carrier					146:152	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier	118:152	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine	118:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	6	55	theme	neutral	1252:1258	arg1	environment					1260:1270	a neutral environment	1250:1270	a neutral environment	1250:1270	However, when they come to the small intestine, where there is a neutral environment, the carriers dissolve rapidly because of the cooperation between protamine and trypsin; consequently, the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei can be quickly released.
24684476	2	56	theme	CAP	367:369	arg1	shell					382:386	a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell	342:386	a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell	342:386	The proposed carrier is composed of a Ca-alginate/protamine (CAP) composite shell and a Lactobacillus-casei-encapsulated Ca-alginate (CA) core.
24684476	4	57	theme	Lactobacillus	777:789	arg1	casei					791:795	Lactobacillus casei	777:795	Lactobacillus casei	777:795	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	6	58	theme	small	1218:1222	arg1	intestine					1224:1232	the small intestine	1214:1232	the small intestine	1214:1232	However, when they come to the small intestine, where there is a neutral environment, the carriers dissolve rapidly because of the cooperation between protamine and trypsin; consequently, the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei can be quickly released.
24684476	1	59	from	release	228:234	arg1	intestine					269:277	small intestine	263:277	small intestine	263:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	5	60	theme	carriers	962:969	arg1	shell					949:953	the CAP composite shell	931:953	the CAP composite shell of the carriers	931:969	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	1	61	theme	acid	246:249	arg1	bacteria					251:258	lactic acid bacteria	239:258	lactic acid bacteria	239:258	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	7	62	theme	efficient	1509:1517	arg1	systems					1530:1536	efficient protection systems	1509:1536	efficient protection systems	1509:1536	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	1	63	from	stomach	210:216	arg1	intestine					269:277	small intestine	263:277	small intestine	263:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	1	64	theme	pH-responsive	158:170	arg1	protection					172:181	pH-responsive protection	158:181	pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria	158:205	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	1	65	theme	bacteria	251:258	arg1	stomach					210:216	stomach	210:216	stomach	210:216	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	1	65	theme	bacteria	251:258	arg1	release					228:234	rapid release	222:234	rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine	222:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24684476	7	66	theme	protection	1519:1528	arg1	systems					1530:1536	efficient protection systems	1509:1536	efficient protection systems	1509:1536	The proposed CAP composite carrier provides a novel mode for developing efficient protection systems, responsive controlled-release systems, and intestinal-targeted drug delivery systems.
24684476	3	67	theme	coextrusion	488:498	arg1	method					538:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	The carriers are prepared simply by a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method.
24684476	3	68	theme	subsequent	516:525	arg1	method					538:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method	486:543	The carriers are prepared simply by a coextrusion minifluidic and subsequent adsorption method.
24684476	4	69	from	survival	661:668	arg1	characteristics					727:741	satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	694:741	the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	673:741	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	4	69	from	survival	661:668	arg1	stomach					677:683	the stomach	673:683	the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics	673:741	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	5	70	theme	CAP	935:937	arg1	shell					949:953	the CAP composite shell	931:953	the CAP composite shell of the carriers	931:969	In the stomach, where there is an acidic environment, the diffusion channels delineated by the CA networks in the CAP composite shell of the carriers are choked with protamine molecules; as a result, it is hard for the gastric acid to diffuse across the CAP composite shell and thus the encapsulated Lactobacillus casei inside carriers can be efficiently protected.
24684476	4	71	from	release	766:772	arg1	intestine					810:818	the small intestine	800:818	the small intestine	800:818	The CAP composite shell offers not only improved protection for Lactobacillus casei to guarantee the endurance and survival in the stomach but also satisfactory intestinal-targeted characteristics to guarantee the rapid release of Lactobacillus casei in the small intestine.
24684476	1	72	theme	small	263:267	arg1	intestine					269:277	small intestine	263:277	small intestine	263:277	A novel intestinal-targeted carrier for pH-responsive protection of lactic acid bacteria in stomach and rapid release of lactic acid bacteria in small intestine is successfully developed.
24931276	4	0	dep	electrostatics	881:894	arg1	i.e.					875:878	i.e.	875:878	i.e.	875:878	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	5	1	theme	LPS	1079:1081	arg1	region					1065:1070	the lipid A region	1053:1070	the lipid A region of the LPS	1053:1081	(2) The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS seem to be predominantly with the lipid A region of the LPS.
24931276	4	2	theme	chains	867:872	arg1	density					835:841	positive charge density	819:841	positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	819:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	7	3	theme	conformers	1390:1399	arg1	number					1380:1385	the number	1376:1385	the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium	1376:1457	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	5	4	dep	seem	1023:1026	arg1	2					974:974	2	974:974	2	974:974	(2) The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS seem to be predominantly with the lipid A region of the LPS.
24931276	0	5	theme	membrane	90:97	arg1	models					99:104	membrane models	90:104	membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae	90:156	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	2	6	theme	membranes	619:627	arg1	regions					604:610	different regions	594:610	different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria	594:649	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	1	7	theme	bacteria	459:466	arg1	strains					434:440	these two strains	424:440	these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	424:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	4	8	theme	flexibility	908:918	arg1	complementarity					782:796	the complementarity	778:796	the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity	778:970	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	2	9	theme	physicochemical	549:563	arg1	properties					565:574	key physicochemical properties	545:574	key physicochemical properties of an AMP	545:584	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	1	10	theme	approximate	367:377	arg1	composition					392:402	the chemical composition	379:402	better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	360:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	6	11	theme	AMPs	1224:1227	arg1	equilibrium					1199:1209	the conformational equilibrium	1180:1209	the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs	1180:1227	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	4	12	theme	density	835:841	arg1	hydrophobicity					957:970	overall hydrophobicity	949:970	overall hydrophobicity	949:970	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	12	theme	density	835:841	arg1	delocalization					801:814	delocalization	801:814	delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	801:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	12	theme	density	835:841	arg1	flexibility					908:918	molecular flexibility	898:918	molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone	898:942	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	6	13	theme	LPS	1128:1130	arg1	SUVs					1143:1146	the LPS containing SUVs	1124:1146	the LPS containing SUVs	1124:1146	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	2	14	theme	key	545:547	arg1	properties					565:574	key physicochemical properties	545:574	key physicochemical properties of an AMP	545:584	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	5	15	theme	lipid	1057:1061	arg1	region					1065:1070	the lipid A region	1053:1070	the lipid A region of the LPS	1053:1081	(2) The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS seem to be predominantly with the lipid A region of the LPS.
24931276	6	16	theme	bound	1218:1222	arg1	AMPs					1224:1227	the bound AMPs	1214:1227	the bound AMPs	1214:1227	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	1	17	used	used	179:182	arg2	spectroscopy					162:173	CD spectroscopy	159:173	CD spectroscopy	159:173	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	1	18	theme	chemical	383:390	arg1	composition					392:402	the chemical composition	379:402	better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	360:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	6	19	theme	conformational	1184:1197	arg1	equilibrium					1199:1209	the conformational equilibrium	1180:1209	the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs	1180:1227	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	0	20	theme	aeruginosa	121:130	arg1	peptides					77:84	antimicrobial peptides	63:84	antimicrobial peptides	63:84	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	0	20	theme	aeruginosa	121:130	arg1	models					99:104	membrane models	90:104	membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae	90:156	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	2	21	theme	bacteria	642:649	arg1	membranes					619:627	the membranes	615:627	the membranes of these two bacteria	615:649	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	6	22	theme	phospholipids	1105:1117	arg1	Incorporation					1088:1100	(3) Incorporation	1084:1100	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs	1084:1146	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	5	23	theme	A	1063:1063	arg1	region					1065:1070	the lipid A region	1053:1070	the lipid A region of the LPS	1053:1081	(2) The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS seem to be predominantly with the lipid A region of the LPS.
24931276	4	24	theme	amino	856:860	arg1	chains					867:872	the basic amino side chains	846:872	the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	846:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	24	theme	amino	856:860	arg1	electrostatics					881:894	electrostatics	881:894	electrostatics	881:894	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	25	theme	hydrophobicity	957:970	arg1	complementarity					782:796	the complementarity	778:796	the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity	778:970	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	2	26	theme	different	594:602	arg1	regions					604:610	different regions	594:610	different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria	594:649	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	7	27	theme	LPS-phospholipid	1242:1257	arg1	models					1259:1264	the LPS-phospholipid models	1238:1264	the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1238:1290	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	0	28	theme	Spectroscopic	0:12	arg1	investigations					14:27	Spectroscopic investigations	0:27	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	0:157	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	4	29	theme	basic	850:854	arg1	chains					867:872	the basic amino side chains	846:872	the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	846:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	29	theme	basic	850:854	arg1	electrostatics					881:894	electrostatics	881:894	electrostatics	881:894	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	7	30	theme	binding	1424:1430	arg1	equilibrium					1447:1457	the binding conformational equilibrium	1420:1457	the binding conformational equilibrium	1420:1457	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	7	31	theme	major	1350:1354	arg1	role					1356:1359	a major role	1348:1359	a major role	1348:1359	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	4	32	theme	side	862:865	arg1	chains					867:872	the basic amino side chains	846:872	the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	846:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	32	theme	side	862:865	arg1	electrostatics					881:894	electrostatics	881:894	electrostatics	881:894	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	8	33	theme	Klebsiella	1546:1555	arg1	pneumoniae					1557:1566	Klebsiella pneumoniae	1546:1566	Klebsiella pneumoniae	1546:1566	This relationship was not observed for the models of the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	7	34	theme	aeruginosa	1281:1290	arg1	models					1259:1264	the LPS-phospholipid models	1238:1264	the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1238:1290	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	0	35	theme	pneumoniae	147:156	arg1	peptides					77:84	antimicrobial peptides	63:84	antimicrobial peptides	63:84	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	0	35	theme	pneumoniae	147:156	arg1	models					99:104	membrane models	90:104	membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae	90:156	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	5	36	theme	AMPs	1011:1014	arg1	interactions					989:1000	The binding interactions	977:1000	The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS	977:1021	(2) The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS seem to be predominantly with the lipid A region of the LPS.
24931276	7	37	theme	charge	1335:1340	arg1	delocalization					1293:1306	delocalization	1293:1306	delocalization of the side chain positive charge	1293:1340	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	7	38	theme	chain	1320:1324	arg1	charge					1335:1340	the side chain positive charge	1311:1340	the side chain positive charge	1311:1340	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	7	39	dep	plays	1342:1346	arg1	4					1231:1231	4	1231:1231	4	1231:1231	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	4	40	theme	molecular	898:906	arg1	flexibility					908:918	molecular flexibility	898:918	molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone	898:942	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	1	41	theme	series	221:226	arg1	interactions					203:214	the interactions	199:214	the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	199:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	0	42	theme	mechanisms	44:53	arg1	investigations					14:27	Spectroscopic investigations	0:27	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.	0:157	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	1	43	theme	membranes	411:419	arg1	composition					392:402	the chemical composition	379:402	better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	360:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	4	44	theme	positive	819:826	arg1	density					835:841	positive charge density	819:841	positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	819:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	6	45	theme	containing	1132:1141	arg1	SUVs					1143:1146	the LPS containing SUVs	1124:1146	the LPS containing SUVs	1124:1146	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	0	46	theme	binding	36:42	arg1	mechanisms					44:53	the binding mechanisms	32:53	the binding mechanisms	32:53	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	8	47	theme	outer	1517:1521	arg1	membranes					1533:1541	the outer and inner membranes	1513:1541	the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae	1513:1566	This relationship was not observed for the models of the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	2	48	theme	properties	565:574	arg1	contributions					528:540	the contributions	524:540	the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP	524:584	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	6	49	dep	Incorporation	1088:1100	arg1	3					1085:1085	3	1085:1085	3	1085:1085	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	7	50	theme	side	1315:1318	arg1	chain					1320:1324	the side chain	1311:1324	the side chain positive charge	1311:1340	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	1	51	theme	synthetic	231:239	arg1	AMPs					241:244	synthetic AMPs	231:244	synthetic AMPs	231:244	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	0	52	theme	antimicrobial	63:75	arg1	peptides					77:84	antimicrobial peptides	63:84	antimicrobial peptides	63:84	Spectroscopic investigations of the binding mechanisms between antimicrobial peptides and membrane models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	4	53	theme	backbone	935:942	arg1	hydrophobicity					957:970	overall hydrophobicity	949:970	overall hydrophobicity	949:970	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	53	theme	backbone	935:942	arg1	delocalization					801:814	delocalization	801:814	delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	801:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	53	theme	backbone	935:942	arg1	flexibility					908:918	molecular flexibility	898:918	molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone	898:942	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	1	54	with	interactions	203:214	arg1	LPS					251:253	LPS	251:253	LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae	251:316	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	1	54	with	interactions	203:214	arg1	phospholipids					343:355	various phospholipids	335:355	various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	335:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	1	55	attach	isolated	255:262	arg1	aeruginosa					281:290	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	269:290	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	269:290	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	1	55	attach	isolated	255:262	arg1	pneumoniae					307:316	Klebsiella pneumoniae	296:316	Klebsiella pneumoniae	296:316	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	1	55	attach	isolated	255:262	arg2	LPS					251:253	LPS	251:253	LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae	251:316	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	4	56	theme	binding	708:714	arg1	interactions					716:727	The binding interactions	704:727	The binding interactions between the AMP	704:743	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	8	57	theme	inner	1527:1531	arg1	membranes					1533:1541	the outer and inner membranes	1513:1541	the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae	1513:1566	This relationship was not observed for the models of the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	2	58	theme	AMP	582:584	arg1	properties					565:574	key physicochemical properties	545:574	key physicochemical properties of an AMP	545:584	This investigation was conducted in order to probe how the contributions of key physicochemical properties of an AMP vary in different regions of the membranes of these two bacteria.
24931276	4	59	theme	charge	828:833	arg1	density					835:841	positive charge density	819:841	positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics)	819:895	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	6	60	theme	dramatic	1160:1167	arg1	changes					1169:1175	dramatic changes	1160:1175	dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs	1160:1227	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	1	61	theme	various	335:341	arg1	phospholipids					343:355	various phospholipids	335:355	various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	335:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	1	62	theme	strains	434:440	arg1	membranes					411:419	the membranes	407:419	the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria	407:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	7	63	theme	positive	1326:1333	arg1	charge					1335:1340	the side chain positive charge	1311:1340	the side chain positive charge	1311:1340	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	1	64	theme	AMPs	241:244	arg1	series					221:226	a series	219:226	a series of synthetic AMPs	219:244	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	7	65	theme	conformational	1432:1445	arg1	equilibrium					1447:1457	the binding conformational equilibrium	1420:1457	the binding conformational equilibrium	1420:1457	(4) For the LPS-phospholipid models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, delocalization of the side chain positive charge plays a major role in determining the number of conformers that contribute to the binding conformational equilibrium.
24931276	6	66	from	changes	1169:1175	arg1	equilibrium					1199:1209	the conformational equilibrium	1180:1209	the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs	1180:1227	(3) Incorporation of phospholipids into the LPS containing SUVs resulted in dramatic changes in the conformational equilibrium of the bound AMPs.
24931276	1	67	theme	CD	159:160	arg1	spectroscopy					162:173	CD spectroscopy	159:173	CD spectroscopy	159:173	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	8	68	theme	membranes	1533:1541	arg1	models					1503:1508	the models	1499:1508	the models of the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae	1499:1566	This relationship was not observed for the models of the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	3	69	from	study	678:682	arg1	conclusions					656:666	The conclusions	652:666	The conclusions from this study	652:682	The conclusions from this study are as follows.
24931276	1	70	theme	Gram-negative	445:457	arg1	bacteria					459:466	Gram-negative bacteria	445:466	Gram-negative bacteria	445:466	CD spectroscopy was used to investigate the interactions of a series of synthetic AMPs with LPS isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as with various phospholipids to better approximate the chemical composition of the membranes of these two strains of Gram-negative bacteria.
24931276	4	71	theme	delocalization	801:814	arg1	complementarity					782:796	the complementarity	778:796	the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity	778:970	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	8	72	theme	pneumoniae	1557:1566	arg1	membranes					1533:1541	the outer and inner membranes	1513:1541	the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae	1513:1566	This relationship was not observed for the models of the outer and inner membranes of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
24931276	4	73	theme	overall	949:955	arg1	hydrophobicity					957:970	overall hydrophobicity	949:970	overall hydrophobicity	949:970	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	5	74	theme	binding	981:987	arg1	interactions					989:1000	The binding interactions	977:1000	The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS	977:1021	(2) The binding interactions of these AMPs to LPS seem to be predominantly with the lipid A region of the LPS.
24931276	4	75	dep	defined	767:773	arg1	1					701:701	1	701:701	1	701:701	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
24931276	4	76	theme	peptide	927:933	arg1	backbone					935:942	the peptide backbone	923:942	the peptide backbone	923:942	(1) The binding interactions between the AMP and the membranes are defined by the complementarity of delocalization of positive charge density of the basic amino side chains (i.e., electrostatics), molecular flexibility of the peptide backbone, and overall hydrophobicity.
25378684	7	0	theme	transcellular	1804:1816	arg1	permeability					1818:1829	intestinal transcellular permeability	1793:1829	intestinal transcellular permeability	1793:1829	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	8	1	theme	CB	2047:2048	arg1	groups					2050:2055	the AX and CB groups	2036:2055	the AX and CB groups	2036:2055	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	1	2	with	interaction	220:230	arg1	bacteria					248:255	intestinal bacteria	237:255	intestinal bacteria	237:255	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	9	3	theme	barrier	2311:2317	arg1	function					2319:2326	the intestinal barrier function	2296:2326	the intestinal barrier function	2296:2326	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	4	4	theme	basal	838:842	arg1	CON					858:860	CON	858:860	CON	858:860	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	4	theme	basal	838:842	arg1	diet					852:855	a basal control diet	836:855	a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components	836:886	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	4	theme	basal	838:842	arg1	diet					902:905	a wheat bran diet	889:905	a wheat bran diet (WB)	889:910	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	1	5	from	bacteria	303:310	arg1	host					319:322	the host	315:322	the host	315:322	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	2	6	theme	weaned	625:630	arg1	piglets					632:638	weaned piglets	625:638	weaned piglets	625:638	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	5	7	theme	reduced	1380:1386	arg1	concentrations					1414:1427	reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations	1380:1427	reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations	1380:1427	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	3	8	theme	dietary	703:709	arg1	n					729:729	n = 6	729:733	n = 6	729:733	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	3	8	theme	dietary	703:709	arg1	groups					721:726	5 dietary treatment groups	701:726	5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6)	701:734	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	5	9	theme	WB	1217:1218	arg1	groups					1232:1237	the WB, AX, and CB groups	1213:1237	the WB, AX, and CB groups	1213:1237	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	1	10	theme	intestinal	165:174	arg1	function					176:183	intestinal function	165:183	intestinal function	165:183	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	7	11	theme	alkaline	1749:1756	arg1	phosphatase					1758:1768	intestinal alkaline phosphatase	1738:1768	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	2	12	theme	changes	614:620	arg1	involvement					588:598	the involvement	584:598	the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets	584:638	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	8	13	theme	cecal	1923:1927	arg1	populations					1966:1976	cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations	1923:1976	cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations	1923:1976	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	6	14	theme	small	1653:1657	arg1	intestine					1659:1667	the distal small intestine	1642:1667	the distal small intestine	1642:1667	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	15	theme	AX	1221:1222	arg1	groups					1232:1237	the WB, AX, and CB groups	1213:1237	the WB, AX, and CB groups	1213:1237	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	6	16	theme	WB	1479:1480	arg1	group					1482:1486	the WB group	1475:1486	the WB group	1475:1486	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	7	17	theme	increased	1728:1736	arg1	activities					1770:1779	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	2	18	theme	mucosal	542:548	arg1	function					558:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	4	19	dep	diets	799:803	arg1	libitum					808:814	ad libitum	805:814	synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran),	789:946	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	8	20	theme	positive	2091:2098	arg1	effect					2100:2105	no positive effect	2088:2105	no positive effect on intestinal barrier function	2088:2136	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	4	21	theme	components	994:1003	arg1	components					994:1003	fiber components	988:1003	fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	988:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	21	theme	components	994:1003	arg1	amounts					977:983	amounts	977:983	amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	977:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	5	22	theme	pH	1433:1434	arg1	values					1436:1441	pH values	1433:1441	pH values	1433:1441	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	7	23	theme	CB	1709:1710	arg1	groups					1712:1717	The AX and CB groups	1698:1717	The AX and CB groups	1698:1717	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	24	dep	groups	1232:1237	arg1	i.e.					1207:1210	i.e.	1207:1210	i.e.	1207:1210	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	8	25	theme	barrier	2121:2127	arg1	function					2129:2136	intestinal barrier function	2110:2136	intestinal barrier function	2110:2136	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	7	26	dep	reduced	1785:1791	arg1	%					1839:1839	77.3%	1835:1839	77.3%	1835:1839	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	7	26	dep	reduced	1785:1791	arg1	%					1849:1849	67.2%	1845:1849	67.2%	1845:1849	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	1	27	from	interaction	220:230	arg1	hindgut					264:270	the hindgut	260:270	the hindgut	260:270	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	9	28	theme	function	2319:2326	arg1	components					2282:2291	various functional components	2263:2291	various functional components of the intestinal barrier function	2263:2326	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	9	28	theme	function	2319:2326	arg1	involvement					2336:2346	the involvement	2332:2346	the involvement of microbiota changes	2332:2368	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	2	29	theme	components	471:480	arg1	contribution					439:450	the contribution	435:450	the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function	435:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	5	30	theme	immunoglobulin	1275:1288	arg1	concentrations					1292:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	6	31	from	%	1543:1543	arg1	current					1579:1585	short-circuit current	1565:1585	short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol	1565:1622	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	0	32	theme	intestinal	71:80	arg1	function					90:97	intestinal barrier function	71:97	intestinal barrier function	71:97	Arabinoxylan in wheat is more responsible than cellulose for promoting intestinal barrier function in weaned male piglets.
25378684	1	33	theme	fiber	156:160	arg1	effect					138:143	The effect	134:143	The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function	134:183	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	3	34	theme	METHODS	641:647	arg1	piglets					676:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets	641:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets	641:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	2	35	theme	wheat	517:521	arg1	bran					523:526	wheat bran	517:526	wheat bran	517:526	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	0	36	from	Arabinoxylan	0:11	arg1	wheat					16:20	wheat	16:20	wheat	16:20	Arabinoxylan in wheat is more responsible than cellulose for promoting intestinal barrier function in weaned male piglets.
25378684	4	37	theme	cellulose	1071:1079	arg1	diet					1081:1084	a cellulose diet	1069:1084	a cellulose diet (CEL)	1069:1090	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	37	theme	cellulose	1071:1079	arg1	CEL					1087:1089	CEL	1087:1089	CEL	1087:1089	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	1	38	dep	BACKGROUND	123:132	arg1	ascribed					204:211	ascribed	204:211	been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut	199:270	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	1	39	from	effect	138:143	arg1	function					176:183	intestinal function	165:183	intestinal function	165:183	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	4	40	theme	bran	897:900	arg1	WB					908:909	WB	908:909	WB	908:909	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	40	theme	bran	897:900	arg1	diet					852:855	a basal control diet	836:855	a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components	836:886	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	40	theme	bran	897:900	arg1	diet					902:905	a wheat bran diet	889:905	a wheat bran diet (WB)	889:910	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	6	41	theme	Cl	1517:1518	arg1	secretion					1504:1512	the stimulated secretion	1489:1512	the stimulated secretion of Cl(-)	1489:1521	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	0	42	theme	weaned	102:107	arg1	piglets					114:120	weaned male piglets	102:120	weaned male piglets	102:120	Arabinoxylan in wheat is more responsible than cellulose for promoting intestinal barrier function in weaned male piglets.
25378684	2	43	theme	major	459:463	arg1	components					471:480	the major fiber components	455:480	the major fiber components	455:480	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	4	44	theme	%	933:933	arg1	diet					925:928	reference diet	915:928	reference diet (10% wheat bran)	915:945	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	44	theme	%	933:933	arg1	bran					941:944	10% wheat bran	931:944	10% wheat bran	931:944	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	5	45	theme	intestinal	1254:1263	arg1	concentrations					1292:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	46	theme	cecal	1331:1335	arg1	acid					1355:1358	cecal short-chain fatty acid	1331:1358	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	2	47	theme	study	411:415	arg1	objectives					392:401	The objectives	388:401	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study	377:415	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	8	48	theme	Lactobacillus	2008:2020	arg1	higher					2026:2031	higher	2026:2031	higher	2026:2031	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	8	48	theme	Lactobacillus	2008:2020	arg1	growth					1998:2003	the growth	1994:2003	the growth of Lactobacillus	1994:2020	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	4	49	theme	reference	915:923	arg1	diet					925:928	reference diet	915:928	reference diet (10% wheat bran)	915:945	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	49	theme	reference	915:923	arg1	bran					941:944	10% wheat bran	931:944	10% wheat bran	931:944	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	2	50	from	involvement	588:598	arg1	piglets					632:638	weaned piglets	625:638	weaned piglets	625:638	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	5	51	theme	fatty	1349:1353	arg1	acid					1355:1358	cecal short-chain fatty acid	1331:1358	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	52	theme	combined	1099:1106	arg1	arabinoxylan					1108:1119	a combined arabinoxylan	1097:1119	a combined arabinoxylan	1097:1119	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	53	theme	synthetic	789:797	arg1	diets					799:803	synthetic diets	789:803	synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran),	789:946	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	1	54	theme	intestinal	292:301	arg1	bacteria					303:310	intestinal bacteria	292:310	intestinal bacteria in the host	292:322	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	5	55	theme	goblet	1308:1313	arg1	number					1320:1325	goblet cell number	1308:1325	goblet cell number	1308:1325	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	56	theme	ad	805:806	arg1	libitum					808:814	ad libitum	805:814	synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran),	789:946	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	9	57	from	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	arg1	bran					2202:2205	wheat bran	2196:2205	wheat bran	2196:2205	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	9	57	from	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	arg1	cellulose					2216:2224	cellulose	2216:2224	cellulose	2216:2224	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	9	58	theme	functional	2271:2280	arg1	components					2282:2291	various functional components	2263:2291	various functional components of the intestinal barrier function	2263:2326	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	5	59	theme	branched-chain	1388:1401	arg1	acid					1409:1412	branched-chain fatty acid	1388:1412	reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations	1380:1427	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	3	60	theme	weaned	664:669	arg1	piglets					676:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets	641:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets	641:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	8	61	theme	CEL	2158:2160	arg1	group					2162:2166	the CEL group	2154:2166	the CEL group	2154:2166	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	5	62	theme	acid	1409:1412	arg1	concentrations					1414:1427	reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations	1380:1427	reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations	1380:1427	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	9	63	theme	intestinal	2300:2309	arg1	function					2319:2326	the intestinal barrier function	2296:2326	the intestinal barrier function	2296:2326	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	8	64	from	effect	2100:2105	arg1	function					2129:2136	intestinal barrier function	2110:2136	intestinal barrier function	2110:2136	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	5	65	theme	CB	1229:1230	arg1	groups					1232:1237	the WB, AX, and CB groups	1213:1237	the WB, AX, and CB groups	1213:1237	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	7	66	theme	intestinal	1793:1802	arg1	permeability					1818:1829	intestinal transcellular permeability	1793:1829	intestinal transcellular permeability	1793:1829	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	8	67	theme	CON	2069:2071	arg1	group					2073:2077	the CON group	2065:2077	the CON group	2065:2077	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	6	68	theme	short-circuit	1565:1577	arg1	current					1579:1585	short-circuit current	1565:1585	short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol	1565:1622	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	69	theme	diet	1135:1138	arg1	diet					1058:1061	an arabinoxylan diet	1042:1061	an arabinoxylan diet (AX)	1042:1066	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	1	70	from	changes	281:287	arg1	bacteria					303:310	intestinal bacteria	292:310	intestinal bacteria in the host	292:322	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	8	71	theme	WB	1913:1914	arg1	group					1916:1920	the WB group	1909:1920	the WB group	1909:1920	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	3	72	theme	treatment	711:719	arg1	n					729:729	n = 6	729:733	n = 6	729:733	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	3	72	theme	treatment	711:719	arg1	groups					721:726	5 dietary treatment groups	701:726	5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6)	701:734	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	7	73	theme	phosphatase	1758:1768	arg1	activities					1770:1779	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	2	74	theme	microbiota	603:612	arg1	changes					614:620	microbiota changes	603:620	microbiota changes	603:620	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	4	75	theme	fiber	988:992	arg1	components					994:1003	fiber components	988:1003	fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	988:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	6	76	theme	distal	1646:1651	arg1	intestine					1659:1667	the distal small intestine	1642:1667	the distal small intestine	1642:1667	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	77	theme	CON	1461:1463	arg1	group					1465:1469	the CON group	1457:1469	the CON group	1457:1469	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	78	dep	diet	1058:1061	arg1	i.e.					1036:1039	i.e.	1036:1039	i.e.	1036:1039	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	78	dep	diet	1058:1061	arg1	AX					1064:1065	AX	1064:1065	AX	1064:1065	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	7	79	theme	intestinal	1738:1747	arg1	phosphatase					1758:1768	intestinal alkaline phosphatase	1738:1768	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	2	80	theme	intestinal	531:540	arg1	function					558:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	6	81	theme	stimulated	1493:1502	arg1	secretion					1504:1512	the stimulated secretion	1489:1512	the stimulated secretion of Cl(-)	1489:1521	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	8	82	theme	Bacteroidetes	1929:1941	arg1	populations					1966:1976	cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations	1923:1976	cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations	1923:1976	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	4	83	theme	equivalent	1005:1014	arg1	components					994:1003	fiber components	988:1003	fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	988:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	7	84	theme	CON	1884:1886	arg1	group					1888:1892	the CON group	1880:1892	the CON group	1880:1892	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	3	85	theme	=	731:731	arg1	n					729:729	n = 6	729:733	n = 6	729:733	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	3	85	theme	=	731:731	arg1	groups					721:726	5 dietary treatment groups	701:726	5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6)	701:734	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	8	86	theme	intestinal	2110:2119	arg1	function					2129:2136	intestinal barrier function	2110:2136	intestinal barrier function	2110:2136	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	2	87	theme	bran	523:526	arg1	effects					506:512	the health-promoting effects	485:512	the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function	485:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	8	88	theme	Enterobacteriaceae	1947:1964	arg1	populations					1966:1976	cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations	1923:1976	cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations	1923:1976	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	4	89	theme	arabinoxylan	1045:1056	arg1	diet					1058:1061	an arabinoxylan diet	1042:1061	an arabinoxylan diet (AX)	1042:1066	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	90	theme	control	844:850	arg1	CON					858:860	CON	858:860	CON	858:860	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	90	theme	control	844:850	arg1	diet					852:855	a basal control diet	836:855	a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components	836:886	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	90	theme	control	844:850	arg1	diet					902:905	a wheat bran diet	889:905	a wheat bran diet (WB)	889:910	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	2	91	from	effects	506:512	arg1	function					558:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	2	92	theme	barrier	550:556	arg1	function					558:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	intestinal mucosal barrier function	531:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	6	93	from	change	1555:1560	arg1	current					1579:1585	short-circuit current	1565:1585	short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol	1565:1622	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	9	94	theme	changes	2362:2368	arg1	components					2282:2291	various functional components	2263:2291	various functional components of the intestinal barrier function	2263:2326	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	9	94	theme	changes	2362:2368	arg1	involvement					2336:2346	the involvement	2332:2346	the involvement of microbiota changes	2332:2368	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	6	95	theme	CON	1687:1689	arg1	group					1691:1695	the CON group	1683:1695	the CON group	1683:1695	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	9	96	theme	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	arg1	CONCLUSION					2169:2178	CONCLUSION	2169:2178	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose,	2169:2225	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	0	97	theme	barrier	82:88	arg1	function					90:97	intestinal barrier function	71:97	intestinal barrier function	71:97	Arabinoxylan in wheat is more responsible than cellulose for promoting intestinal barrier function in weaned male piglets.
25378684	7	98	theme	AX	1702:1703	arg1	groups					1712:1717	The AX and CB groups	1698:1717	The AX and CB groups	1698:1717	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	1	99	theme	dietary	148:154	arg1	fiber					156:160	dietary fiber	148:160	dietary fiber	148:160	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	2	100	theme	fiber	465:469	arg1	components					471:480	the major fiber components	455:480	the major fiber components	455:480	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	5	101	theme	A	1290:1290	arg1	concentrations					1292:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	9	102	theme	wheat	2196:2200	arg1	bran					2202:2205	wheat bran	2196:2205	wheat bran	2196:2205	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	8	103	located	observed	2142:2149	arg1	group					2162:2166	the CEL group	2154:2166	the CEL group	2154:2166	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	8	103	located	observed	2142:2149	arg2	effect					2100:2105	no positive effect	2088:2105	no positive effect on intestinal barrier function	2088:2136	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	6	104	dep	suppressed	1527:1536	arg1	%					1543:1543	60.8%	1539:1543	60.8%	1539:1543	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	6	104	dep	suppressed	1527:1536	arg1	change					1555:1560	47.5% change	1549:1560	47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol	1549:1622	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	7	105	contain	had	1724:1726	arg2	activities					1770:1779	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities	1728:1779	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	7	105	contain	had	1724:1726	arg1	groups					1712:1717	The AX and CB groups	1698:1717	The AX and CB groups	1698:1717	The AX and CB groups also had increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase activities and reduced intestinal transcellular permeability (by 77.3% and 67.2%, respectively) compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	106	contain	had	1240:1242	arg1	RESULTS					1146:1152	RESULTS	1146:1152	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups)	1146:1238	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	106	contain	had	1240:1242	arg2	number					1320:1325	goblet cell number	1308:1325	goblet cell number	1308:1325	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	106	contain	had	1240:1242	arg2	concentrations					1292:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	106	contain	had	1240:1242	arg2	concentrations					1360:1373	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	0	107	theme	male	109:112	arg1	piglets					114:120	weaned male piglets	102:120	weaned male piglets	102:120	Arabinoxylan in wheat is more responsible than cellulose for promoting intestinal barrier function in weaned male piglets.
25378684	4	108	contain	containing	966:975	arg2	amounts					977:983	amounts	977:983	amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	977:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	108	contain	containing	966:975	arg1	diets					960:964	3 other diets	952:964	3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	952:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	108	contain	containing	966:975	arg2	components					994:1003	fiber components	988:1003	fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	988:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	2	109	theme	health-promoting	489:504	arg1	effects					506:512	the health-promoting effects	485:512	the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function	485:565	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	5	110	theme	increased	1244:1252	arg1	concentrations					1292:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	1	111	theme	fiber	358:362	arg1	composition					364:374	fiber composition	358:374	fiber composition	358:374	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
25378684	5	112	theme	secretory	1265:1273	arg1	concentrations					1292:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations	1244:1305	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	9	113	from	cellulose	2216:2224	arg1	Arabinoxylan					2180:2191	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	4	114	theme	wheat	935:939	arg1	diet					925:928	reference diet	915:928	reference diet (10% wheat bran)	915:945	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	114	theme	wheat	935:939	arg1	bran					941:944	10% wheat bran	931:944	10% wheat bran	931:944	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	6	115	theme	%	1553:1553	arg1	change					1555:1560	47.5% change	1549:1560	47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol	1549:1622	In the WB group, the stimulated secretion of Cl(-) was suppressed (60.8% and 47.5% change in short-circuit current caused by theophylline and carbachol, respectively) in the distal small intestine compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	116	theme	short-chain	1337:1347	arg1	acid					1355:1358	cecal short-chain fatty acid	1331:1358	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	117	theme	arabinoxylan	1108:1119	arg1	diet					1058:1061	an arabinoxylan diet	1042:1061	an arabinoxylan diet (AX)	1042:1066	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	5	118	theme	acid	1355:1358	arg1	concentrations					1360:1373	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations	1331:1373	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	119	theme	cellulose	1125:1133	arg1	diet					1135:1138	cellulose diet	1125:1138	cellulose diet	1125:1138	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	120	theme	wheat	891:895	arg1	WB					908:909	WB	908:909	WB	908:909	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	120	theme	wheat	891:895	arg1	diet					852:855	a basal control diet	836:855	a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components	836:886	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	4	120	theme	wheat	891:895	arg1	diet					902:905	a wheat bran diet	889:905	a wheat bran diet (WB)	889:910	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	9	121	from	bran	2202:2205	arg1	Arabinoxylan					2180:2191	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	Arabinoxylan	2180:2191	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	9	122	theme	microbiota	2351:2360	arg1	changes					2362:2368	microbiota changes	2351:2368	microbiota changes	2351:2368	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	4	123	theme	fiber	871:875	arg1	components					877:886	fiber components	871:886	fiber components	871:886	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	5	124	theme	cell	1315:1318	arg1	number					1320:1325	goblet cell number	1308:1325	goblet cell number	1308:1325	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	3	125	theme	male	671:674	arg1	piglets					676:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets	641:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets	641:682	METHODS Thirty freshly weaned male piglets were assigned to 5 dietary treatment groups (n = 6) according to litter and weight.
25378684	9	126	theme	various	2263:2269	arg1	components					2282:2291	various functional components	2263:2291	various functional components of the intestinal barrier function	2263:2326	CONCLUSION Arabinoxylan in wheat bran, and not cellulose, is mainly responsible for improving various functional components of the intestinal barrier function and the involvement of microbiota changes.
25378684	5	127	dep	RESULTS	1146:1152	arg1	groups					1158:1163	The groups	1154:1163	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups)	1146:1238	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	4	128	theme	other	954:958	arg1	diets					960:964	3 other diets	952:964	3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB)	952:1143	The piglets consumed synthetic diets ad libitum for 30 d, including a basal control diet (CON) without fiber components, a wheat bran diet (WB) as reference diet (10% wheat bran), and 3 other diets containing amounts of fiber components equivalent to those in the WB, i.e., an arabinoxylan diet (AX), a cellulose diet (CEL), and a combined arabinoxylan and cellulose diet (CB).
25378684	8	129	theme	AX	2040:2041	arg1	groups					2050:2055	the AX and CB groups	2036:2055	the AX and CB groups	2036:2055	Meanwhile, in the WB group, cecal Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae populations were lower, and the growth of Lactobacillus was higher in the AX and CB groups than in the CON group, whereas no positive effect on intestinal barrier function was observed in the CEL group.
25378684	5	130	theme	fatty	1403:1407	arg1	acid					1409:1412	branched-chain fatty acid	1388:1412	reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations	1380:1427	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	2	131	dep	OBJECTIVES	377:386	arg1	objectives					392:401	The objectives	388:401	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study	377:415	OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the contribution of the major fiber components to the health-promoting effects of wheat bran on intestinal mucosal barrier function and to elucidate the involvement of microbiota changes in weaned piglets.
25378684	5	132	contain	containing	1181:1190	arg2	arabinoxylans					1192:1204	arabinoxylans	1192:1204	arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups)	1192:1238	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	5	132	contain	containing	1181:1190	arg1	diets					1175:1179	diets	1175:1179	diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups)	1175:1238	RESULTS The groups consuming diets containing arabinoxylans (i.e., the WB, AX, and CB groups) had increased intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations, goblet cell number and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and reduced branched-chain fatty acid concentrations and pH values compared with the CON group.
25378684	1	133	theme	intestinal	237:246	arg1	bacteria					248:255	intestinal bacteria	237:255	intestinal bacteria	237:255	BACKGROUND The effect of dietary fiber on intestinal function primarily has been ascribed to its interaction with intestinal bacteria in the hindgut, whereas changes in intestinal bacteria in the host have been considered to depend on fiber composition.
26633761	11	0	from	differences	2065:2075	arg1	sensitivity					2087:2097	bitter sensitivity	2080:2097	bitter sensitivity	2080:2097	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	4	1	theme	gene	822:825	arg1	TAS2R38					827:833	the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38	802:833	the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants)	802:850	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	4	1	theme	gene	822:825	arg1	variants					842:849	three variants	836:849	three variants	836:849	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	10	2	dep	2.0	1817:1819	arg1	p					1822:1822	p = .05	1822:1828	p = .05	1822:1828	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	6	3	theme	sugar	1023:1027	arg1	intake					1029:1034	added sugar intake	1017:1034	added sugar intake	1017:1034	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	11	4	theme	sugar	2128:2132	arg1	intake					2134:2139	childhood dietary sugar intake	2110:2139	childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences	2110:2174	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	1	5	theme	sweet	251:255	arg1	taste					257:261	sweet taste	251:261	sweet taste	251:261	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	10	6	theme	p	1905:1905	arg1	.02					1909:1911	p = .02	1905:1911	p = .02	1905:1911	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	11	7	theme	childhood	2110:2118	arg1	intake					2134:2139	childhood dietary sugar intake	2110:2139	childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences	2110:2174	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	0	8	with	Relationship	71:82	arg1	Genotype					119:126	Bitter Taste Genotype	106:126	Bitter Taste Genotype	106:126	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	0	8	with	Relationship	71:82	arg1	Gender					94:99	Gender	94:99	Gender	94:99	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	0	8	with	Relationship	71:82	arg1	Age					89:91	Age	89:91	Age	89:91	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	7	9	theme	threshold	1160:1168	arg1	%					1187:1187	216/235; 92%	1176:1187	216/235; 92%	1176:1187	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds ranged from 0.23 to 153.8 mM with most of the children completing the threshold task (216/235; 92%).
26633761	7	9	theme	threshold	1160:1168	arg1	task					1170:1173	the threshold task	1156:1173	the threshold task (216/235; 92%)	1156:1188	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds ranged from 0.23 to 153.8 mM with most of the children completing the threshold task (216/235; 92%).
26633761	10	10	theme	fatter	1919:1924	arg1	r					1984:1984	r(84)	1984:1988	r(84) = -.26	1984:1995	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	10	theme	fatter	1919:1924	arg1	children					1974:1981	fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children	1919:1981	fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02)	1919:2005	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	9	11	theme	sensitive	1646:1654	arg1	alleles					1656:1662	less sensitive alleles	1641:1662	less sensitive alleles	1641:1662	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	4	12	theme	bitter	806:811	arg1	TAS2R38					827:833	the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38	802:833	the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants)	802:850	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	4	12	theme	bitter	806:811	arg1	variants					842:849	three variants	836:849	three variants	836:849	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	10	13	theme	p	1998:1998	arg1	.02					2002:2004	p = .02	1998:2004	p = .02	1998:2004	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	14	theme	obesity	1693:1699	arg1	gender					1670:1675	gender	1670:1675	gender	1670:1675	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	14	theme	obesity	1693:1699	arg1	indices					1682:1688	indices	1682:1688	indices of obesity	1682:1699	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	14	theme	obesity	1693:1699	arg1	Age					1665:1667	Age	1665:1667	Age	1665:1667	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	3	15	theme	detection	536:544	arg1	thresholds					546:555	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds	520:555	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children	520:585	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	10	16	theme	=	1907:1907	arg1	.02					1909:1911	p = .02	1905:1911	p = .02	1905:1911	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	17	dep	fatter	1919:1924	arg1	-.22					1935:1938	r(84) = -.22	1927:1938	r(84) = -.22	1927:1938	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	2	18	theme	sugars	512:517	arg1	intake					496:501	dietary intake	488:501	dietary intake	488:501	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	2	18	theme	sugars	512:517	arg1	gender					442:447	gender	442:447	gender	442:447	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	2	18	theme	sugars	512:517	arg1	composition					471:481	body composition	466:481	body composition	466:481	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	2	18	theme	sugars	512:517	arg1	age					434:436	their age	428:436	their age	428:436	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	2	18	theme	sugars	512:517	arg1	genotype					456:463	taste genotype	450:463	taste genotype	450:463	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	0	19	theme	Bitter	106:111	arg1	Genotype					119:126	Bitter Taste Genotype	106:126	Bitter Taste Genotype	106:126	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	3	20	theme	METHODS	520:526	arg1	thresholds					546:555	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds	520:555	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children	520:585	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	9	21	theme	bitter	1337:1342	arg1	genes					1362:1366	the bitter but not the sweet genes	1333:1366	the bitter but not the sweet genes	1333:1366	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	1	22	from	differences	200:210	arg1	sensitivity					236:246	their sensitivity	230:246	their sensitivity to sweet taste	230:261	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	9	23	dep	F	1592:1592	arg1	62					1597:1598	62	1597:1598	62	1597:1598	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	24	theme	sweet	1356:1360	arg1	genes					1362:1366	the bitter but not the sweet genes	1333:1366	the bitter but not the sweet genes	1333:1366	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	10	25	theme	=	1933:1933	arg1	-.22					1935:1938	r(84) = -.22	1927:1938	r(84) = -.22	1927:1938	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	8	26	theme	genetic	1261:1267	arg1	analysis					1269:1276	the genetic analysis	1257:1276	the genetic analysis	1257:1276	Some children were biologically related (i.e., siblings), and for the genetic analysis, one sibling from each family was studied.
26633761	10	27	theme	sucrose	1752:1758	arg1	threshold					1760:1768	sucrose threshold	1752:1768	sucrose threshold	1752:1768	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	9	28	dep	kcal	1586:1589	arg1	p					1609:1609	p = .03	1609:1615	p = .03	1609:1615	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	28	dep	kcal	1586:1589	arg1	F					1592:1592	F	1592:1592	F(2, 62) = 3.64	1592:1606	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	10	29	dep	-.16	1899:1902	arg1	.02					1909:1911	p = .02	1905:1911	p = .02	1905:1911	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	2	30	theme	body	466:469	arg1	composition					471:481	body composition	466:481	body composition	466:481	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	11	31	theme	Inborn	2058:2063	arg1	differences					2065:2075	DISCUSSION Inborn differences	2047:2075	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity	2047:2097	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	1	32	theme	such	304:307	arg1	differences					309:319	such differences	304:319	such differences	304:319	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	4	33	dep	TAS1R3	749:754	arg1	genes					773:777	sweet genes	767:777	sweet genes	767:777	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	10	34	theme	=	1943:1943	arg1	p					1941:1941	p = .05	1941:1947	p = .05	1941:1947	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	12	35	theme	complex	2197:2203	arg1	interplay					2205:2213	a more complex interplay	2190:2213	a more complex interplay between the developing bitter and sweet taste systems	2190:2267	There may be a more complex interplay between the developing bitter and sweet taste systems than previously understood.
26633761	6	36	theme	children	926:933	arg1	subset					910:915	A subset	908:915	A subset of these children	908:933	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	2	37	theme	dietary	488:494	arg1	intake					496:501	dietary intake	488:501	dietary intake	488:501	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	9	38	theme	sugar	1406:1410	arg1	intake					1412:1417	sugar intake	1406:1417	sugar intake	1406:1417	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	4	39	theme	taste	723:727	arg1	genes					729:733	taste genes	723:733	taste genes	723:733	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	0	40	theme	Individual	0:9	arg1	Differences					11:21	Individual Differences	0:21	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds	0:68	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	10	41	dep	r	1984:1984	arg1	.02					2002:2004	p = .02	1998:2004	p = .02	1998:2004	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	5	42	theme	body	884:887	arg1	weight					889:894	body weight	884:894	body weight	884:894	All children were measured for body weight and height.
26633761	6	43	theme	waist	984:988	arg1	circumference					990:1002	waist circumference	984:1002	waist circumference	984:1002	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	2	44	dep	OBJECTIVES	322:331	arg1	was					342:344	was	342:344	was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars	342:517	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	2	45	theme	detection	397:405	arg1	thresholds					407:416	children's sucrose detection thresholds	378:416	children's sucrose detection thresholds	378:416	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	9	46	theme	bitter-sensitive	1438:1453	arg1	alleles					1455:1461	two bitter-sensitive alleles	1434:1461	two bitter-sensitive alleles	1434:1461	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	6	47	theme	fat	976:978	arg1	percentage					957:966	the percentage	953:966	the percentage of body fat and waist circumference	953:1002	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	11	48	theme	long-term	2146:2154	arg1	consequences					2163:2174	long-term health consequences	2146:2174	long-term health consequences	2146:2174	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	3	49	theme	validated	620:628	arg1	forced-choice					648:660	forced-choice	648:660	forced-choice	648:660	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	7	50	theme	Sucrose	1071:1077	arg1	thresholds					1079:1088	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds	1063:1088	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds	1063:1088	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds ranged from 0.23 to 153.8 mM with most of the children completing the threshold task (216/235; 92%).
26633761	4	51	dep	variant	784:790	arg1	each					792:795	each	792:795	each	792:795	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	3	52	theme	forced-choice	648:660	arg1	method					690:695	a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method	618:695	a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method	618:695	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	11	53	with	intake	2134:2139	arg1	consequences					2163:2174	long-term health consequences	2146:2174	long-term health consequences	2146:2174	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	9	54	theme	lower	1487:1491	arg1	F					1509:1509	F	1509:1509	F(2,165) = 4.55	1509:1523	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	54	theme	lower	1487:1491	arg1	concentrations					1493:1506	lower concentrations	1487:1506	lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866)	1487:1544	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	55	from	Variants	1321:1328	arg1	genes					1362:1366	the bitter but not the sweet genes	1333:1366	the bitter but not the sweet genes	1333:1366	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	6	56	theme	24-hour	1039:1045	arg1	recall					1055:1060	24-hour dietary recall	1039:1060	24-hour dietary recall	1039:1060	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	3	57	theme	two-alternative	631:645	arg1	forced-choice					648:660	forced-choice	648:660	forced-choice	648:660	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	10	58	dep	-.22	1935:1938	arg1	p					1941:1941	p = .05	1941:1947	p = .05	1941:1947	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	4	59	theme	receptor	813:820	arg1	TAS2R38					827:833	the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38	802:833	the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants)	802:850	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	4	59	theme	receptor	813:820	arg1	variants					842:849	three variants	836:849	three variants	836:849	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	6	60	theme	added	1017:1021	arg1	intake					1029:1034	added sugar intake	1017:1034	added sugar intake	1017:1034	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	3	61	theme	paired-comparison	663:679	arg1	method					690:695	a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method	618:695	a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method	618:695	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	11	62	theme	dietary	2120:2126	arg1	intake					2134:2139	childhood dietary sugar intake	2110:2139	childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences	2110:2174	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	4	63	dep	genes	773:777	arg1	variant					784:790	one variant	780:790	one variant each	780:795	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	0	64	theme	Detection	49:57	arg1	Thresholds					59:68	Sucrose Detection Thresholds	41:68	Sucrose Detection Thresholds	41:68	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	10	65	theme	=	2000:2000	arg1	.02					2002:2004	p = .02	1998:2004	p = .02	1998:2004	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	3	66	theme	Sucrose	528:534	arg1	thresholds					546:555	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds	520:555	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children	520:585	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	12	67	theme	taste	2255:2259	arg1	systems					2261:2267	taste systems	2255:2267	taste systems	2255:2267	There may be a more complex interplay between the developing bitter and sweet taste systems than previously understood.
26633761	9	68	with	children	1420:1427	arg1	alleles					1455:1461	two bitter-sensitive alleles	1434:1461	two bitter-sensitive alleles	1434:1461	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	0	69	theme	Taste	113:117	arg1	Genotype					119:126	Bitter Taste Genotype	106:126	Bitter Taste Genotype	106:126	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	8	70	from	family	1301:1306	arg1	sibling					1283:1289	one sibling	1279:1289	one sibling from each family	1279:1306	Some children were biologically related (i.e., siblings), and for the genetic analysis, one sibling from each family was studied.
26633761	3	71	dep	14-year-old	566:576	arg1	to					563:564	to	563:564	to	563:564	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	2	72	theme	added	506:510	arg1	sugars					512:517	added sugars	506:517	added sugars	506:517	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	10	73	theme	=	1824:1824	arg1	p					1822:1822	p = .05	1822:1828	p = .05	1822:1828	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	8	74	dep	siblings	1238:1245	arg1	i.e.					1232:1235	i.e.	1232:1235	i.e.	1232:1235	Some children were biologically related (i.e., siblings), and for the genetic analysis, one sibling from each family was studied.
26633761	12	75	theme	developing	2227:2236	arg1	bitter					2238:2243	bitter	2238:2243	bitter	2238:2243	There may be a more complex interplay between the developing bitter and sweet taste systems than previously understood.
26633761	9	76	theme	%	1584:1584	arg1	sugar					1577:1581	eating more added sugar	1559:1581	eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03)	1559:1616	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	76	theme	%	1584:1584	arg1	kcal					1586:1589	% kcal	1584:1589	% kcal	1584:1589	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	77	theme	=	1528:1528	arg1	p					1526:1526	p	1526:1526	p = .01	1526:1532	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	10	78	theme	older	1832:1836	arg1	children					1838:1845	older children	1832:1845	older children	1832:1845	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	9	79	theme	eating	1559:1564	arg1	sugar					1577:1581	eating more added sugar	1559:1581	eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03)	1559:1616	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	79	theme	eating	1559:1564	arg1	kcal					1586:1589	% kcal	1584:1589	% kcal	1584:1589	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	11	80	theme	DISCUSSION	2047:2056	arg1	differences					2065:2075	DISCUSSION Inborn differences	2047:2075	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity	2047:2097	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	10	81	theme	younger	1872:1878	arg1	children					1880:1887	younger children	1872:1887	younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02)	1872:1912	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	81	theme	younger	1872:1878	arg1	-.16					1899:1902	-.16	1899:1902	-.16	1899:1902	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	4	82	theme	genetic	703:709	arg1	variants					711:718	Five genetic variants	698:718	Five genetic variants of taste genes	698:733	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	3	83	theme	14-year-old	566:576	arg1	children					578:585	7- to 14-year-old children	560:585	7- to 14-year-old children	560:585	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	1	84	theme	BACKGROUND	129:138	arg1	research					147:154	BACKGROUND Little research	129:154	BACKGROUND Little research	129:154	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	9	85	theme	added	1571:1575	arg1	sugar					1577:1581	eating more added sugar	1559:1581	eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03)	1559:1616	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	85	theme	added	1571:1575	arg1	kcal					1586:1589	% kcal	1584:1589	% kcal	1584:1589	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	10	86	theme	child-to-child	1722:1735	arg1	differences					1737:1747	child-to-child differences	1722:1747	child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold	1722:1768	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	9	87	dep	=	1528:1528	arg1	.01					1530:1532	.01	1530:1532	.01	1530:1532	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	1	88	theme	differences	309:319	arg1	correlates					290:299	the biological correlates	275:299	the biological correlates of such differences	275:319	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	9	89	theme	sucrose	1384:1390	arg1	threshold					1392:1400	sucrose threshold	1384:1400	sucrose threshold	1384:1400	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	2	90	theme	taste	450:454	arg1	genotype					456:463	taste genotype	450:463	taste genotype	450:463	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	0	91	from	Differences	11:21	arg1	Thresholds					59:68	Sucrose Detection Thresholds	41:68	Sucrose Detection Thresholds	41:68	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	12	92	dep	bitter	2238:2243	arg1	the					2223:2225	the	2223:2225	the	2223:2225	There may be a more complex interplay between the developing bitter and sweet taste systems than previously understood.
26633761	12	92	dep	bitter	2238:2243	arg1	systems					2261:2267	taste systems	2255:2267	taste systems	2255:2267	There may be a more complex interplay between the developing bitter and sweet taste systems than previously understood.
26633761	7	93	dep	153.8	1110:1114	arg1	to					1107:1108	to	1107:1108	to	1107:1108	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds ranged from 0.23 to 153.8 mM with most of the children completing the threshold task (216/235; 92%).
26633761	1	94	theme	individual	189:198	arg1	differences					200:210	individual differences	189:210	individual differences among children	189:225	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	6	95	theme	circumference	990:1002	arg1	percentage					957:966	the percentage	953:966	the percentage of body fat and waist circumference	953:1002	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	11	96	theme	health	2156:2161	arg1	consequences					2163:2174	long-term health consequences	2146:2174	long-term health consequences	2146:2174	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	3	97	from	thresholds	546:555	arg1	children					578:585	7- to 14-year-old children	560:585	7- to 14-year-old children	560:585	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	9	98	dep	F	1509:1509	arg1	rs1726866					1535:1543	rs1726866	1535:1543	rs1726866	1535:1543	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	9	98	dep	F	1509:1509	arg1	p					1526:1526	p	1526:1526	p = .01	1526:1532	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	10	99	from	differences	1737:1747	arg1	threshold					1760:1768	sucrose threshold	1752:1768	sucrose threshold	1752:1768	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	9	100	dep	did	1623:1625	arg1	than					1618:1621	than	1618:1621	than	1618:1621	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	0	101	dep	Relationship	71:82	arg1	Differences					11:21	Individual Differences	0:21	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds	0:68	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	10	102	theme	obese	1968:1972	arg1	r					1984:1984	r(84)	1984:1988	r(84) = -.26	1984:1995	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	10	102	theme	obese	1968:1972	arg1	children					1974:1981	fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children	1919:1981	fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02)	1919:2005	Age, gender, and indices of obesity also were related to child-to-child differences in sucrose threshold; girls were more sensitive than boys (t(214) = 2.0, p = .05), older children were more sensitive than younger children (r(214) = -.16, p = .02), and fatter (r(84) = -.22, p = .05) or more centrally obese children (r(84) = -.26, p = .02) were more sensitive relative to others.
26633761	4	103	theme	genes	729:733	arg1	variants					711:718	Five genetic variants	698:718	Five genetic variants of taste genes	698:733	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
26633761	2	104	theme	sucrose	389:395	arg1	thresholds					407:416	children's sucrose detection thresholds	378:416	children's sucrose detection thresholds	378:416	OBJECTIVES Our goal was to understand how variations in children's sucrose detection thresholds relate to their age and gender, taste genotype, body composition, and dietary intake of added sugars.
26633761	0	105	theme	Sucrose	41:47	arg1	Thresholds					59:68	Sucrose Detection Thresholds	41:68	Sucrose Detection Thresholds	41:68	Individual Differences Among Children in Sucrose Detection Thresholds: Relationship With Age, Gender, and Bitter Taste Genotype.
26633761	6	106	theme	body	971:974	arg1	fat					976:978	body fat	971:978	body fat	971:978	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	7	107	theme	RESULTS	1063:1069	arg1	thresholds					1079:1088	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds	1063:1088	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds	1063:1088	RESULTS Sucrose thresholds ranged from 0.23 to 153.8 mM with most of the children completing the threshold task (216/235; 92%).
26633761	1	108	theme	biological	279:288	arg1	correlates					290:299	the biological correlates	275:299	the biological correlates of such differences	275:319	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	8	109	dep	related	1223:1229	arg1	siblings					1238:1245	siblings	1238:1245	siblings	1238:1245	Some children were biologically related (i.e., siblings), and for the genetic analysis, one sibling from each family was studied.
26633761	3	110	theme	tracking	681:688	arg1	method					690:695	a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method	618:695	a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method	618:695	METHODS Sucrose detection thresholds in 7- to 14-year-old children were tested individually using a validated, two-alternative, forced-choice, paired-comparison tracking method.
26633761	1	111	theme	Little	140:145	arg1	research					147:154	BACKGROUND Little research	129:154	BACKGROUND Little research	129:154	BACKGROUND Little research has focused on whether there are individual differences among children in their sensitivity to sweet taste and, if so, the biological correlates of such differences.
26633761	6	112	theme	dietary	1047:1053	arg1	recall					1055:1060	24-hour dietary recall	1039:1060	24-hour dietary recall	1039:1060	A subset of these children were measured for the percentage of body fat and waist circumference and provided added sugar intake by 24-hour dietary recall.
26633761	9	113	theme	=	1611:1611	arg1	p					1609:1609	p = .03	1609:1615	p = .03	1609:1615	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	11	114	theme	bitter	2080:2085	arg1	sensitivity					2087:2097	bitter sensitivity	2080:2097	bitter sensitivity	2080:2097	DISCUSSION Inborn differences in bitter sensitivity may affect childhood dietary sugar intake with long-term health consequences.
26633761	9	115	with	children	1627:1634	arg1	alleles					1656:1662	less sensitive alleles	1641:1662	less sensitive alleles	1641:1662	Variants in the bitter but not the sweet genes were related to sucrose threshold and sugar intake; children with two bitter-sensitive alleles could detect sucrose at lower concentrations (F(2,165) = 4.55, p = .01; rs1726866) and reported eating more added sugar (% kcal; F(2, 62) = 3.64, p = .03) than did children with less sensitive alleles.
26633761	4	116	theme	sweet	767:771	arg1	genes					773:777	sweet genes	767:777	sweet genes	767:777	Five genetic variants of taste genes were assayed: TAS1R3 and GNAT3 (sweet genes; one variant each) and the bitter receptor gene TAS2R38 (three variants).
29125863	8	0	theme	coelomocyte	1717:1727	arg1	populations					1735:1745	distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations	1694:1745	distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1694:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	2	1	theme	molecular	368:376	arg1	markers					378:384	objective molecular markers	358:384	objective molecular markers	358:384	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	7	2	theme	cells	1547:1551	arg1	subgroup					1535:1542	a subgroup	1533:1542	a subgroup of cells within each cell type	1533:1573	Importantly, almost all lectins bound only to a subgroup of cells within each cell type.
29125863	2	3	theme	reagents	294:301	arg1	lack					286:289	the lack	282:289	the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times	282:461	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	2	3	theme	reagents	294:301	arg1	challenge					236:244	One major challenge	226:244	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology	226:277	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	6	4	theme	esculentum	1268:1277	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	4	theme	esculentum	1268:1277	arg1	lectin					1279:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	5	theme	binding	1351:1357	arg1	patterns					1359:1366	distinct binding patterns	1342:1366	distinct binding patterns	1342:1366	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	1	6	theme	immune	192:197	arg1	responses					199:207	immune responses	192:207	immune responses	192:207	Coelomocytes represent the immune cells of echinoderms, but detailed knowledge about their roles during immune responses is very limited.
29125863	4	7	theme	glycan	728:733	arg1	structures					735:744	distinct glycan structures	719:744	distinct glycan structures	719:744	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	3	8	from	types	534:538	arg1	vertebrates					543:553	vertebrates	543:553	vertebrates	543:553	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	2	9	theme	major	230:234	arg1	lack					286:289	the lack	282:289	the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times	282:461	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	2	9	theme	major	230:234	arg1	challenge					236:244	One major challenge	226:244	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology	226:277	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	6	10	theme	tuberosum	1237:1245	arg1	lectin					1247:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	10	theme	tuberosum	1237:1245	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	5	11	theme	purpuratus	1023:1032	arg1	surface					993:999	the surface	989:999	the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	989:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	6	12	theme	coelomocyte	1407:1417	arg1	classes					1419:1425	three major coelomocyte classes	1395:1425	three major coelomocyte classes	1395:1425	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	5	13	theme	fluorescently-labeled	901:921	arg1	lectins					923:929	fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins	893:929	fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins	893:929	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	0	14	from	purpuratus	76:85	arg1	populations					26:36	distinct populations	17:36	distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	17:85	Lectins identify distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
29125863	6	15	theme	villosa	1319:1325	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	15	theme	villosa	1319:1325	arg1	lectin					1327:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	3	16	theme	activation	627:636	arg1	states					638:643	activation states	627:643	activation states	627:643	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	9	17	theme	routine	1813:1819	arg1	approach					1821:1828	a routine approach	1811:1828	a routine approach	1811:1828	We anticipate that this will become a routine approach in future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity.
29125863	1	18	theme	detailed	148:155	arg1	knowledge					157:165	detailed knowledge	148:165	detailed knowledge about their roles during immune responses	148:207	Coelomocytes represent the immune cells of echinoderms, but detailed knowledge about their roles during immune responses is very limited.
29125863	3	19	theme	given	654:658	arg1	lineage					660:666	a given lineage	652:666	a given lineage	652:666	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	4	20	theme	surface	754:760	arg1	proteins					762:769	cell surface proteins	749:769	cell surface proteins	749:769	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	3	21	dep	stage	617:621	arg1	the					599:601	the	599:601	the	599:601	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	5	22	dep	surface	993:999	arg1	coelomocytes					1034:1045	coelomocytes	1034:1045	coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	1034:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	6	23	theme	red	1446:1448	arg1	cells					1459:1463	red spherule cells	1446:1463	red spherule cells	1446:1463	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	8	24	dep	S.	1703:1704	arg1	purpuratus					1706:1715	purpuratus	1706:1715	purpuratus	1706:1715	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	4	25	theme	vertebrate	835:844	arg1	system					853:858	the vertebrate immune system	831:858	the vertebrate immune system	831:858	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	5	26	from	surface	993:999	arg1	differences					944:954	differences	944:954	differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	944:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	5	27	theme	flow	1078:1081	arg1	cytometry					1083:1091	flow cytometry	1078:1091	flow cytometry	1078:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	2	28	theme	morphology-based	401:416	arg1	classifications					418:432	morphology-based classifications	401:432	morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times	401:461	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	1	29	theme	immune	115:120	arg1	cells					122:126	the immune cells	111:126	the immune cells of echinoderms	111:141	Coelomocytes represent the immune cells of echinoderms, but detailed knowledge about their roles during immune responses is very limited.
29125863	6	30	theme	Len	1152:1154	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	30	theme	Len	1152:1154	arg1	lectin					1166:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	9	31	theme	coelomocytes	1893:1904	arg1	roles					1874:1878	the roles	1870:1878	the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity	1870:1927	We anticipate that this will become a routine approach in future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity.
29125863	8	32	theme	lectin-based	1621:1632	arg1	sorting					1662:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	8	32	theme	lectin-based	1621:1632	arg1	strategy					1675:1682	a strategy	1673:1682	a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1673:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	4	33	theme	cell	811:814	arg1	populations					816:826	discrete cell populations	802:826	discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system	802:858	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	0	34	theme	distinct	17:24	arg1	populations					26:36	distinct populations	17:36	distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	17:85	Lectins identify distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
29125863	9	35	theme	echinoderm	1909:1918	arg1	immunity					1920:1927	echinoderm immunity	1909:1927	echinoderm immunity	1909:1927	We anticipate that this will become a routine approach in future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity.
29125863	8	36	theme	activated	1647:1655	arg1	sorting					1662:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	8	36	theme	activated	1647:1655	arg1	strategy					1675:1682	a strategy	1673:1682	a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1673:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	lectin					1305:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	agglutinin					1217:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	lectin					1279:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	agglutinin					1188:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	lectin					1327:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	lectin					1247:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	37	theme	wheat	1129:1133	arg1	lectin					1166:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	2	38	theme	objective	358:366	arg1	markers					378:384	objective molecular markers	358:384	objective molecular markers	358:384	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	2	39	theme	coelomocyte	259:269	arg1	biology					271:277	coelomocyte biology	259:277	coelomocyte biology	259:277	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	6	40	theme	Lycopersicon	1255:1266	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	40	theme	Lycopersicon	1255:1266	arg1	lectin					1279:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	7	41	theme	cell	1565:1568	arg1	type					1570:1573	each cell type	1560:1573	each cell type	1560:1573	Importantly, almost all lectins bound only to a subgroup of cells within each cell type.
29125863	6	42	theme	Saphora	1200:1206	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	42	theme	Saphora	1200:1206	arg1	agglutinin					1217:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	2	43	from	times	457:461	arg1	subjective					443:452	subjective	443:452	subjective	443:452	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	8	44	theme	distinct	1694:1701	arg1	populations					1735:1745	distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations	1694:1745	distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1694:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	6	45	theme	live	1381:1384	arg1	cells					1386:1390	fixed and live cells	1371:1390	fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes	1371:1425	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	8	46	theme	molecular	1756:1764	arg1	markers					1766:1772	molecular markers	1756:1772	molecular markers	1756:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	6	47	theme	Pisum	1174:1178	arg1	agglutinin					1188:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	47	theme	Pisum	1174:1178	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	48	theme	fixed	1371:1375	arg1	cells					1386:1390	fixed and live cells	1371:1390	fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes	1371:1425	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	3	49	theme	developmental	603:615	arg1	stage					617:621	developmental stage	603:621	developmental stage	603:621	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	5	50	theme	lectins	923:929	arg1	panel					884:888	a panel	882:888	a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins	882:929	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	7	51	theme	all	1507:1509	arg1	lectins					1511:1517	almost all lectins	1500:1517	almost all lectins	1500:1517	Importantly, almost all lectins bound only to a subgroup of cells within each cell type.
29125863	6	52	theme	distinct	1342:1349	arg1	patterns					1359:1366	distinct binding patterns	1342:1366	distinct binding patterns	1342:1366	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	2	53	theme	distinct	326:333	arg1	populations					335:345	distinct populations	326:345	distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times	326:461	One major challenge for studying coelomocyte biology is the lack of reagents to identify and purify distinct populations defined by objective molecular markers rather than by morphology-based classifications that are subjective at times.
29125863	4	54	theme	distinct	719:726	arg1	structures					735:744	distinct glycan structures	719:744	distinct glycan structures	719:744	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	6	55	theme	phagocytic	1428:1437	arg1	cells					1439:1443	phagocytic cells	1428:1443	phagocytic cells	1428:1443	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	56	theme	classes	1419:1425	arg1	cells					1386:1390	fixed and live cells	1371:1390	fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes	1371:1425	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	56	theme	classes	1419:1425	arg1	cells					1480:1484	vibratile cells	1470:1484	vibratile cells	1470:1484	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	56	theme	classes	1419:1425	arg1	cells					1459:1463	red spherule cells	1446:1463	red spherule cells	1446:1463	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	56	theme	classes	1419:1425	arg1	cells					1439:1443	phagocytic cells	1428:1443	phagocytic cells	1428:1443	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	4	57	theme	labeled	688:694	arg1	lectins					696:702	fluorescently labeled lectins	674:702	fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins	674:769	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	6	58	theme	major	1401:1405	arg1	classes					1419:1425	three major coelomocyte classes	1395:1425	three major coelomocyte classes	1395:1425	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	1	59	theme	echinoderms	131:141	arg1	cells					122:126	the immune cells	111:126	the immune cells of echinoderms	111:141	Coelomocytes represent the immune cells of echinoderms, but detailed knowledge about their roles during immune responses is very limited.
29125863	6	60	theme	Vicia	1313:1317	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	60	theme	Vicia	1313:1317	arg1	lectin					1327:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	61	dep	Datura	1287:1292	arg1	stramonium					1294:1303	stramonium	1294:1303	stramonium	1294:1303	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	5	62	from	features	977:984	arg1	surface					993:999	the surface	989:999	the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	989:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	lectin					1305:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	agglutinin					1217:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	lectin					1279:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	agglutinin					1188:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	lectin					1327:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	lectin					1247:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	63	theme	succinylated	1116:1127	arg1	lectin					1166:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	64	theme	vibratile	1470:1478	arg1	cells					1480:1484	vibratile cells	1470:1484	vibratile cells	1470:1484	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	5	65	from	differences	944:954	arg1	features					977:984	the glycosylation features	959:984	the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	959:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	5	65	from	differences	944:954	arg1	surface					993:999	the surface	989:999	the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	989:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	6	66	theme	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	Eight					1094:1098	Eight	1094:1098	Eight	1094:1098	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	66	theme	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	lectins					1107:1113	the lectins	1103:1113	the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin)	1103:1333	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	9	67	theme	future	1833:1838	arg1	studies					1840:1846	future studies	1833:1846	future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity	1833:1927	We anticipate that this will become a routine approach in future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity.
29125863	0	68	from	populations	26:36	arg1	purpuratus					76:85	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	57:85	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	57:85	Lectins identify distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
29125863	6	69	theme	Datura	1287:1292	arg1	lectin					1305:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	69	theme	Datura	1287:1292	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	5	70	theme	glycosylation	963:975	arg1	features					977:984	the glycosylation features	959:984	the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry	959:1091	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	4	71	theme	cell	749:752	arg1	proteins					762:769	cell surface proteins	749:769	cell surface proteins	749:769	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	6	72	theme	spherule	1450:1457	arg1	cells					1459:1463	red spherule cells	1446:1463	red spherule cells	1446:1463	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	4	73	used	used	785:788	arg2	lectins					696:702	fluorescently labeled lectins	674:702	fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins	674:769	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	5	74	theme	fluorescence	1050:1061	arg1	microscopy					1063:1072	fluorescence microscopy	1050:1072	fluorescence microscopy	1050:1072	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	lectin					1305:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	agglutinin					1217:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	lectin					1279:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	agglutinin					1188:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	lectin					1327:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	lectin					1247:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	75	dep	lectins	1107:1113	arg1	lectin					1166:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	4	76	from	populations	816:826	arg1	system					853:858	the vertebrate immune system	831:858	the vertebrate immune system	831:858	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	0	77	from	coelomocytes	41:52	arg1	purpuratus					76:85	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	57:85	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	57:85	Lectins identify distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
29125863	5	78	theme	Strongylocentrotus	1004:1021	arg1	purpuratus					1023:1032	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	1004:1032	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	1004:1032	Here we now employed a panel of fifteen fluorescently-labeled lectins to determine differences in the glycosylation features on the surface of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus coelomocytes by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.
29125863	6	79	theme	culinaris	1156:1164	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	79	theme	culinaris	1156:1164	arg1	lectin					1166:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	9	80	theme	different	1883:1891	arg1	coelomocytes					1893:1904	different coelomocytes	1883:1904	different coelomocytes	1883:1904	We anticipate that this will become a routine approach in future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity.
29125863	8	81	theme	fluorescence	1634:1645	arg1	sorting					1662:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	8	81	theme	fluorescence	1634:1645	arg1	strategy					1675:1682	a strategy	1673:1682	a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1673:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	3	82	theme	Glycosylation	464:476	arg1	patterns					478:485	Glycosylation patterns	464:485	Glycosylation patterns	464:485	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	8	83	theme	cell	1657:1660	arg1	sorting					1662:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	8	83	theme	cell	1657:1660	arg1	strategy					1675:1682	a strategy	1673:1682	a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1673:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	4	84	theme	discrete	802:809	arg1	populations					816:826	discrete cell populations	802:826	discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system	802:858	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	0	85	theme	coelomocytes	41:52	arg1	populations					26:36	distinct populations	17:36	distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	17:85	Lectins identify distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
29125863	9	86	from	roles	1874:1878	arg1	immunity					1920:1927	echinoderm immunity	1909:1927	echinoderm immunity	1909:1927	We anticipate that this will become a routine approach in future studies focused on dissecting the roles of different coelomocytes in echinoderm immunity.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	lectin					1305:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Datura stramonium lectin	1287:1310	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	agglutinin					1217:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	lectin					1279:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Lycopersicon esculentum lectin	1255:1284	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	agglutinin					1188:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Pisum sativum agglutinin	1174:1197	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	lectin					1327:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Vicia villosa lectin	1313:1332	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	lectin					1247:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Solanum tuberosum lectin	1229:1252	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	87	theme	germ	1135:1138	arg1	lectin					1166:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Len culinaris lectin	1152:1171	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	88	dep	Pisum	1174:1178	arg1	sativum					1180:1186	sativum	1180:1186	sativum	1180:1186	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	0	89	theme	Strongylocentrotus	57:74	arg1	purpuratus					76:85	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	57:85	Strongylocentrotus purpuratus	57:85	Lectins identify distinct populations of coelomocytes in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.
29125863	8	90	theme	fluorescently-labeled	1599:1619	arg1	sorting					1662:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting	1599:1668	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	8	90	theme	fluorescently-labeled	1599:1619	arg1	strategy					1675:1682	a strategy	1673:1682	a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1673:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	6	91	theme	japonica	1208:1215	arg1	agglutinin					1140:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	succinylated wheat germ agglutinin	1116:1149	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	6	91	theme	japonica	1208:1215	arg1	agglutinin					1217:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Saphora japonica agglutinin	1200:1226	Eight of the lectins (succinylated wheat germ agglutinin, Len culinaris lectin, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Saphora japonica agglutinin, Solanum tuberosum lectin, Lycopersicon esculentum lectin, Datura stramonium lectin, Vicia villosa lectin) showed distinct binding patterns to fixed and live cells of three major coelomocyte classes: phagocytic cells, red spherule cells, and vibratile cells.
29125863	4	92	theme	immune	846:851	arg1	system					853:858	the vertebrate immune system	831:858	the vertebrate immune system	831:858	Thus fluorescently labeled lectins that recognize distinct glycan structures on cell surface proteins are routinely used to identify discrete cell populations in the vertebrate immune system.
29125863	3	93	theme	cell	529:532	arg1	types					534:538	cell types	529:538	cell types in vertebrates	529:553	Glycosylation patterns are known to differ significantly between cell types in vertebrates, and furthermore they can vary depending on the developmental stage and activation states within a given lineage.
29125863	8	94	theme	S.	1703:1704	arg1	coelomocyte					1717:1727	S. purpuratus coelomocyte	1703:1727	distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers	1694:1772	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
29125863	8	94	theme	S.	1703:1704	arg1	sub-					1730:1733	sub-	1730:1733	sub-	1730:1733	Lastly, we established fluorescently-labeled lectin-based fluorescence activated cell sorting as a strategy to purify distinct S. purpuratus coelomocyte (sub-)populations based on molecular markers.
25306738	5	0	theme	high-density	612:623	arg1	cholesterol					637:647	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol	612:647	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol	612:647	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin did not decrease significantly.
25306738	4	1	theme	circulating	463:473	arg1	volume					482:487	100% circulating plasma volume	458:487	100% circulating plasma volume	458:487	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	5	2	theme	lipoprotein	625:635	arg1	cholesterol					637:647	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol	612:647	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol	612:647	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin did not decrease significantly.
25306738	4	3	theme	significant	525:535	arg1	result					546:551	a significant positive result	523:551	a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	523:595	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	4	4	theme	%	461:461	arg1	volume					482:487	100% circulating plasma volume	458:487	100% circulating plasma volume	458:487	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	5	5	theme	cholesterol	637:647	arg1	levels					602:607	The levels	598:607	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin	598:678	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin did not decrease significantly.
25306738	1	6	theme	discrete	118:125	arg1	PA					143:144	PA	143:144	PA	143:144	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	1	6	theme	discrete	118:125	arg1	plasmapheresis					127:140	discrete plasmapheresis	118:140	discrete plasmapheresis (PA)	118:145	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	6	7	theme	effective	778:786	arg1	PA					743:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	6	7	theme	effective	778:786	arg1	method					788:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method	749:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD	749:822	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	3	8	theme	rheology	397:404	arg1	parameters					341:350	The parameters	337:350	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis	337:423	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis were studied.
25306738	2	9	theme	low-volume	271:280	arg1	PA					294:295	low-volume therapeutic PA	271:295	low-volume therapeutic PA	271:295	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	6	10	from	homeostasis	805:815	arg1	CHD					820:822	CHD	820:822	CHD	820:822	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	0	11	theme	[Discrete	0:8	arg1	plasmapheresis					10:23	[Discrete plasmapheresis	0:23	[Discrete plasmapheresis for coronary heart disease	0:50	[Discrete plasmapheresis for coronary heart disease].
25306738	6	12	theme	sound	768:772	arg1	PA					743:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	6	12	theme	sound	768:772	arg1	method					788:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method	749:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD	749:822	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	3	13	theme	hemocoagulation	380:394	arg1	parameters					341:350	The parameters	337:350	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis	337:423	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis were studied.
25306738	0	14	theme	coronary	29:36	arg1	disease					44:50	coronary heart disease	29:50	coronary heart disease	29:50	[Discrete plasmapheresis for coronary heart disease].
25306738	4	15	dep	RESULTS	439:445	arg1	achieve					515:521	achieve	515:521	could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	509:595	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	5	16	theme	albumin	672:678	arg1	levels					602:607	The levels	598:607	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin	598:678	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin did not decrease significantly.
25306738	1	17	from	efficiency	104:113	arg1	package					154:160	the package	150:160	the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD)	150:217	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	1	18	theme	therapeutic	165:175	arg1	measures					177:184	therapeutic measures	165:184	therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD)	165:217	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	6	19	theme	CONCLUSION	712:721	arg1	PA					743:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	6	19	theme	CONCLUSION	712:721	arg1	method					788:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method	749:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD	749:822	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	4	20	theme	higher	567:572	arg1	parameters					586:595	abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	556:595	abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	556:595	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	1	21	theme	measures	177:184	arg1	package					154:160	the package	150:160	the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD)	150:217	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	3	22	theme	lipid	361:365	arg1	composition					367:377	blood lipid composition	355:377	blood lipid composition	355:377	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis were studied.
25306738	2	23	dep	SUBJECTS	220:227	arg1	sessions					245:252	585 sessions	241:252	585 sessions	241:252	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	2	23	dep	SUBJECTS	220:227	arg1	cycles					261:266	120 cycles	257:266	120 cycles	257:266	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	0	24	theme	heart	38:42	arg1	disease					44:50	coronary heart disease	29:50	coronary heart disease	29:50	[Discrete plasmapheresis for coronary heart disease].
25306738	4	25	theme	volume	482:487	arg1	Removal					447:453	Removal	447:453	Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle	447:507	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	3	26	theme	composition	367:377	arg1	parameters					341:350	The parameters	337:350	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis	337:423	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis were studied.
25306738	1	27	theme	coronary	190:197	arg1	CHD					214:216	CHD	214:216	CHD	214:216	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	1	27	theme	coronary	190:197	arg1	disease					205:211	coronary heart disease	190:211	coronary heart disease (CHD)	190:217	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	4	28	theme	plasma	475:480	arg1	volume					482:487	100% circulating plasma volume	458:487	100% circulating plasma volume	458:487	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	5	29	theme	antithrombin	650:661	arg1	levels					602:607	The levels	598:607	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin	598:678	The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antithrombin III, and albumin did not decrease significantly.
25306738	4	30	dep	significant	525:535	arg1	positive					537:544	positive	537:544	positive	537:544	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	3	31	theme	blood	355:359	arg1	composition					367:377	blood lipid composition	355:377	blood lipid composition	355:377	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis were studied.
25306738	4	32	theme	treatment	493:501	arg1	cycle					503:507	treatment cycle	493:507	treatment cycle	493:507	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	6	33	theme	discrete	734:741	arg1	PA					743:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	6	33	theme	discrete	734:741	arg1	method					788:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method	749:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD	749:822	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	2	34	theme	PA	294:295	arg1	sessions					245:252	585 sessions	241:252	585 sessions	241:252	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	2	34	theme	PA	294:295	arg1	cycles					261:266	120 cycles	257:266	120 cycles	257:266	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	1	35	from	expediency	89:98	arg1	package					154:160	the package	150:160	the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD)	150:217	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	1	36	theme	heart	199:203	arg1	CHD					214:216	CHD	214:216	CHD	214:216	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	1	36	theme	heart	199:203	arg1	disease					205:211	coronary heart disease	190:211	coronary heart disease (CHD)	190:217	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	6	37	theme	Low-volume	723:732	arg1	PA					743:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA	712:744	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	6	37	theme	Low-volume	723:732	arg1	method					788:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method	749:793	a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD	749:822	CONCLUSION Low-volume discrete PA is a pathogenetically sound and effective method to affect homeostasis in CHD.
25306738	2	38	theme	therapeutic	282:292	arg1	PA					294:295	low-volume therapeutic PA	271:295	low-volume therapeutic PA	271:295	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	2	39	with	patients	318:325	arg1	CHD					332:334	CHD	332:334	CHD	332:334	SUBJECTS AND METHODS 585 sessions or 120 cycles of low-volume therapeutic PA were performed in 91 patients with CHD.
25306738	3	40	theme	endotoxicosis	411:423	arg1	parameters					341:350	The parameters	337:350	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis	337:423	The parameters of blood lipid composition, hemocoagulation, rheology, and endotoxicosis were studied.
25306738	1	41	theme	plasmapheresis	127:140	arg1	efficiency					104:113	efficiency	104:113	efficiency	104:113	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	1	41	theme	plasmapheresis	127:140	arg1	expediency					89:98	expediency	89:98	expediency	89:98	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	4	42	theme	parameters	586:595	arg1	result					546:551	a significant positive result	523:551	a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	523:595	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	4	43	theme	100	458:460	arg1	%					461:461	%	461:461	%	461:461	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25306738	1	44	dep	expediency	89:98	arg1	the					85:87	the	85:87	the	85:87	AIM To provide a rationale for the expediency and efficiency of discrete plasmapheresis (PA) in the package of therapeutic measures for coronary heart disease (CHD).
25306738	4	45	theme	homeostatic	574:584	arg1	parameters					586:595	abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	556:595	abnormally higher homeostatic parameters	556:595	RESULTS Removal of 100% circulating plasma volume per treatment cycle could achieve a significant positive result of abnormally higher homeostatic parameters.
25040022	6	0	theme	stability	954:962	arg1	removal					904:910	the removal	900:910	the removal of bulk water	900:924	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	6	0	theme	stability	954:962	arg1	increase					933:940	an increase	930:940	an increase of chemical stability	930:962	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	4	1	theme	stress	600:605	arg1	resistance					607:616	extreme stress resistance	592:616	extreme stress resistance	592:616	This study provides a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy.
25040022	5	2	theme	cultures	676:683	arg1	Ascospores					643:652	Ascospores	643:652	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures	643:683	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	1	3	theme	better	274:279	arg1	stresses					265:272	stresses	265:272	stresses better than vegetative cells	265:301	Fungal propagules survive stresses better than vegetative cells.
25040022	5	4	theme	heat	695:698	arg1	resistance					700:709	heat resistance	695:709	heat resistance	695:709	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	2	5	theme	Neosartorya	304:314	arg1	fischeri					316:323	Neosartorya fischeri	304:323	Neosartorya fischeri	304:323	Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillus teleomorph, forms ascospores that survive high temperatures or drying followed by heat.
25040022	2	5	theme	Neosartorya	304:314	arg1	teleomorph					341:350	an Aspergillus teleomorph	326:350	an Aspergillus teleomorph	326:350	Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillus teleomorph, forms ascospores that survive high temperatures or drying followed by heat.
25040022	1	6	theme	vegetative	286:295	arg1	cells					297:301	vegetative cells	286:301	vegetative cells	286:301	Fungal propagules survive stresses better than vegetative cells.
25040022	11	7	theme	germination	1478:1488	arg1	process					1490:1496	the germination process	1474:1496	the germination process	1474:1496	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	3	8	from	resistance	498:507	arg1	cells					519:523	fungal cells	512:523	fungal cells	512:523	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	6	9	theme	water	920:924	arg1	removal					904:910	the removal	900:910	the removal of bulk water	900:924	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	6	9	theme	water	920:924	arg1	increase					933:940	an increase	930:940	an increase of chemical stability	930:962	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	7	10	theme	heat	1126:1129	arg1	resistance					1131:1140	heat resistance	1126:1140	heat resistance	1126:1140	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	6	11	theme	Electron	818:825	arg1	resonance					832:840	Electron spin resonance	818:840	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy	818:853	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	2	12	theme	Aspergillus	329:339	arg1	fischeri					316:323	Neosartorya fischeri	304:323	Neosartorya fischeri	304:323	Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillus teleomorph, forms ascospores that survive high temperatures or drying followed by heat.
25040022	2	12	theme	Aspergillus	329:339	arg1	teleomorph					341:350	an Aspergillus teleomorph	326:350	an Aspergillus teleomorph	326:350	Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillus teleomorph, forms ascospores that survive high temperatures or drying followed by heat.
25040022	0	13	theme	two-stage	114:122	arg1	process					135:141	a two-stage maturation process	112:141	a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	112:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	8	14	theme	mixture	1243:1249	arg1	composition					1224:1234	the composition	1220:1234	the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes	1220:1271	This stage was also characterized by changes in the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes.
25040022	4	15	theme	extreme	592:598	arg1	resistance					607:616	extreme stress resistance	592:616	extreme stress resistance	592:616	This study provides a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy.
25040022	9	16	theme	Mannitol	1274:1281	arg1	levels					1283:1288	Mannitol levels	1274:1288	Mannitol levels	1274:1288	Mannitol levels decreased and the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides increased.
25040022	8	17	theme	compatible	1254:1263	arg1	solutes					1265:1271	compatible solutes	1254:1271	compatible solutes	1254:1271	This stage was also characterized by changes in the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes.
25040022	0	18	from	accumulation	42:53	arg1	mannitol					29:36	mannitol	29:36	mannitol	29:36	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	18	from	accumulation	42:53	arg1	water					19:23	bulk water	14:23	bulk water	14:23	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	19	theme	extreme	151:157	arg1	resistance					166:175	extreme stress resistance	151:175	extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	151:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	7	20	theme	solute	1046:1051	arg1	content					1053:1059	compatible solute content	1035:1059	compatible solute content	1035:1059	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	7	21	theme	redox	1146:1150	arg1	stability					1152:1160	redox stability	1146:1160	redox stability	1146:1160	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	12	22	theme	redox	1659:1663	arg1	stability					1665:1673	redox stability	1659:1673	redox stability	1659:1673	After 5 h, the hydrated cells enter the vegetative stage and redox stability has decreased notably.
25040022	7	23	dep	50-day-old	994:1003	arg1	to					991:992	to	991:992	to	991:992	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	5	24	from	increase	783:790	arg1	viscosity					807:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	11	25	theme	cellular	1572:1579	arg1	viscosity					1581:1589	the cellular viscosity	1568:1589	the cellular viscosity	1568:1589	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	7	26	from	cultures	1005:1012	arg1	ascospores					971:980	Older ascospores	965:980	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures	965:1012	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	0	27	theme	trehalose	58:66	arg1	accumulation					42:53	accumulation	42:53	accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	42:103	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	27	theme	trehalose	58:66	arg1	decrease					2:9	A decrease	0:9	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol	0:36	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	9	28	theme	trehalose	1331:1339	arg1	oligosaccharides					1361:1376	trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	1331:1376	trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	1331:1376	Mannitol levels decreased and the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides increased.
25040022	0	29	theme	Neosartorya	194:204	arg1	fischeri					206:213	Neosartorya fischeri	194:213	Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	194:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	29	theme	Neosartorya	194:204	arg1	fischeri					228:235	Aspergillus fischeri	216:235	Aspergillus fischeri	216:235	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	30	theme	trehalose-based	72:86	arg1	oligosaccharides					88:103	trehalose-based oligosaccharides	72:103	trehalose-based oligosaccharides	72:103	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	9	31	theme	trehalose-based	1345:1359	arg1	oligosaccharides					1361:1376	trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	1331:1376	trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	1331:1376	Mannitol levels decreased and the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides increased.
25040022	5	32	from	accumulation	736:747	arg1	viscosity					807:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	11	33	theme	stress	1503:1508	arg1	decreases					1521:1529	the stress resistance decreases	1499:1529	the stress resistance decreases	1499:1529	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	11	33	theme	stress	1503:1508	arg1	solutes					1543:1549	compatible solutes	1532:1549	compatible solutes	1532:1549	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	7	34	theme	Older	965:969	arg1	ascospores					971:980	Older ascospores	965:980	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures	965:1012	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	7	35	theme	resistance	1131:1140	arg1	increase					1114:1121	a further increase	1104:1121	a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age	1104:1169	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	3	36	theme	extreme	483:489	arg1	resistance					498:507	extreme stress resistance	483:507	extreme stress resistance in fungal cells	483:523	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	6	37	theme	bulk	915:918	arg1	water					920:924	bulk water	915:924	bulk water	915:924	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	11	38	theme	compatible	1532:1541	arg1	decreases					1521:1529	the stress resistance decreases	1499:1529	the stress resistance decreases	1499:1529	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	11	38	theme	compatible	1532:1541	arg1	solutes					1543:1549	compatible solutes	1532:1549	compatible solutes	1532:1549	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	7	39	with	increase	1114:1121	arg1	age					1167:1169	age	1167:1169	age	1167:1169	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	3	40	theme	fungal	512:517	arg1	cells					519:523	fungal cells	512:523	fungal cells	512:523	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	8	41	from	changes	1209:1215	arg1	composition					1224:1234	the composition	1220:1234	the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes	1220:1271	This stage was also characterized by changes in the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes.
25040022	4	42	theme	two-step	554:561	arg1	model					563:567	a novel two-step model	546:567	a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy	546:640	This study provides a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy.
25040022	6	43	theme	resonance	832:840	arg1	spectroscopy					842:853	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy	818:853	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy	818:853	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	10	44	theme	Dormant	1389:1395	arg1	ascospores					1397:1406	Dormant ascospores	1389:1406	Dormant ascospores of N. fischeri	1389:1421	Dormant ascospores of N. fischeri survive in low-water habitats.
25040022	3	45	theme	resistance	498:507	arg1	maturation					453:462	maturation	453:462	maturation	453:462	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	3	45	theme	resistance	498:507	arg1	development					468:478	development	468:478	development	468:478	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	10	46	theme	N. fischeri	1411:1421	arg1	ascospores					1397:1406	Dormant ascospores	1389:1406	Dormant ascospores of N. fischeri	1389:1421	Dormant ascospores of N. fischeri survive in low-water habitats.
25040022	4	47	theme	entry	622:626	arg1	acquisition					577:587	the acquisition	573:587	the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy	573:640	This study provides a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy.
25040022	10	48	theme	low-water	1434:1442	arg1	habitats					1444:1451	low-water habitats	1434:1451	low-water habitats	1434:1451	Dormant ascospores of N. fischeri survive in low-water habitats.
25040022	5	49	from	resistance	700:709	arg1	viscosity					807:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	5	50	theme	15-day-old	665:674	arg1	cultures					676:683	15-day-old cultures	665:683	15-day-old cultures	665:683	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	2	51	theme	high	383:386	arg1	temperatures					388:399	high temperatures	383:399	high temperatures	383:399	Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillus teleomorph, forms ascospores that survive high temperatures or drying followed by heat.
25040022	6	52	theme	chemical	945:952	arg1	stability					954:962	chemical stability	945:962	chemical stability	945:962	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	0	53	from	resistance	166:175	arg1	ascospores					180:189	ascospores	180:189	ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	180:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	11	54	theme	process	1490:1496	arg1	activation					1460:1469	activation	1460:1469	activation of the germination process	1460:1496	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	0	55	theme	fischeri	206:213	arg1	ascospores					180:189	ascospores	180:189	ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	180:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	4	56	theme	resistance	607:616	arg1	acquisition					577:587	the acquisition	573:587	the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy	573:640	This study provides a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy.
25040022	0	57	theme	Aspergillus	216:226	arg1	fischeri					206:213	Neosartorya fischeri	194:213	Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	194:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	57	theme	Aspergillus	216:226	arg1	fischeri					228:235	Aspergillus fischeri	216:235	Aspergillus fischeri	216:235	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	8	58	theme	solutes	1265:1271	arg1	mixture					1243:1249	the mixture	1239:1249	the mixture of compatible solutes	1239:1271	This stage was also characterized by changes in the composition of the mixture of compatible solutes.
25040022	5	59	theme	11-	657:659	arg1	Ascospores					643:652	Ascospores	643:652	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures	643:683	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	6	60	theme	spin	827:830	arg1	resonance					832:840	Electron spin resonance	818:840	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy	818:853	Electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that this stage is associated with the removal of bulk water and an increase of chemical stability.
25040022	7	61	theme	further	1106:1112	arg1	increase					1114:1121	a further increase	1104:1121	a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age	1104:1169	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	3	62	from	cells	519:523	arg1	maturation					453:462	maturation	453:462	maturation	453:462	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	3	62	from	cells	519:523	arg1	development					468:478	development	468:478	development	468:478	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	5	63	theme	solutes	763:769	arg1	accumulation					736:747	accumulation	736:747	accumulation of compatible solutes	736:769	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	5	63	theme	solutes	763:769	arg1	resistance					700:709	heat resistance	695:709	heat resistance	695:709	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	5	63	theme	solutes	763:769	arg1	activity					726:733	physiological activity	712:733	physiological activity	712:733	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	5	63	theme	solutes	763:769	arg1	increase					783:790	a steep increase	775:790	a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity	775:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	0	64	theme	stress	159:164	arg1	resistance					166:175	extreme stress resistance	151:175	extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	151:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	7	65	theme	cytoplasmic	1065:1075	arg1	viscosity					1077:1085	cytoplasmic viscosity	1065:1085	cytoplasmic viscosity	1065:1085	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	0	66	theme	maturation	124:133	arg1	process					135:141	a two-stage maturation process	112:141	a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri)	112:236	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	5	67	theme	physiological	712:724	arg1	activity					726:733	physiological activity	712:733	physiological activity	712:733	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	9	68	theme	relative	1308:1315	arg1	quantities					1317:1326	the relative quantities	1304:1326	the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	1304:1376	Mannitol levels decreased and the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides increased.
25040022	7	69	theme	compatible	1035:1044	arg1	content					1053:1059	compatible solute content	1035:1059	compatible solute content	1035:1059	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	12	70	theme	vegetative	1638:1647	arg1	stage					1649:1653	the vegetative stage	1634:1653	the vegetative stage	1634:1653	After 5 h, the hydrated cells enter the vegetative stage and redox stability has decreased notably.
25040022	7	71	theme	stability	1152:1160	arg1	increase					1114:1121	a further increase	1104:1121	a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age	1104:1169	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	5	72	theme	cytoplasmic	795:805	arg1	viscosity					807:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	0	73	from	decrease	2:9	arg1	mannitol					29:36	mannitol	29:36	mannitol	29:36	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	73	from	decrease	2:9	arg1	water					19:23	bulk water	14:23	bulk water	14:23	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	74	theme	oligosaccharides	88:103	arg1	accumulation					42:53	accumulation	42:53	accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	42:103	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	0	74	theme	oligosaccharides	88:103	arg1	decrease					2:9	A decrease	0:9	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol	0:36	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	12	75	theme	hydrated	1613:1620	arg1	cells					1622:1626	the hydrated cells	1609:1626	the hydrated cells	1609:1626	After 5 h, the hydrated cells enter the vegetative stage and redox stability has decreased notably.
25040022	11	76	theme	resistance	1510:1519	arg1	decreases					1521:1529	the stress resistance decreases	1499:1529	the stress resistance decreases	1499:1529	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	11	76	theme	resistance	1510:1519	arg1	solutes					1543:1549	compatible solutes	1532:1549	compatible solutes	1532:1549	After activation of the germination process, the stress resistance decreases, compatible solutes are degraded and the cellular viscosity drops.
25040022	9	77	theme	oligosaccharides	1361:1376	arg1	quantities					1317:1326	the relative quantities	1304:1326	the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides	1304:1376	Mannitol levels decreased and the relative quantities of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides increased.
25040022	7	78	theme	50-day-old	994:1003	arg1	cultures					1005:1012	15- to 50-day-old cultures	987:1012	15- to 50-day-old cultures	987:1012	Older ascospores from 15- to 50-day-old cultures showed no changes in compatible solute content and cytoplasmic viscosity, but did exhibit a further increase of heat resistance and redox stability with age.
25040022	1	79	theme	Fungal	239:244	arg1	propagules					246:255	Fungal propagules	239:255	Fungal propagules	239:255	Fungal propagules survive stresses better than vegetative cells.
25040022	0	80	theme	bulk	14:17	arg1	water					19:23	bulk water	14:23	bulk water	14:23	A decrease in bulk water and mannitol and accumulation of trehalose and trehalose-based oligosaccharides define a two-stage maturation process towards extreme stress resistance in ascospores of Neosartorya fischeri (Aspergillus fischeri).
25040022	3	81	theme	stress	491:496	arg1	resistance					498:507	extreme stress resistance	483:507	extreme stress resistance in fungal cells	483:523	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	4	82	theme	novel	548:552	arg1	model					563:567	a novel two-step model	546:567	a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy	546:640	This study provides a novel two-step model for the acquisition of extreme stress resistance and entry into dormancy.
25040022	3	83	from	development	468:478	arg1	cells					519:523	fungal cells	512:523	fungal cells	512:523	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25040022	5	84	theme	steep	777:781	arg1	increase					783:790	a steep increase	775:790	a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity	775:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	5	85	theme	compatible	752:761	arg1	solutes					763:769	compatible solutes	752:769	compatible solutes	752:769	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	5	86	from	activity	726:733	arg1	viscosity					807:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	cytoplasmic viscosity	795:815	Ascospores of 11- and 15-day-old cultures exhibited heat resistance, physiological activity, accumulation of compatible solutes and a steep increase in cytoplasmic viscosity.
25040022	3	87	from	maturation	453:462	arg1	cells					519:523	fungal cells	512:523	fungal cells	512:523	Not much is known about maturation and development of extreme stress resistance in fungal cells.
25709009	6	0	theme	cell	955:958	arg1	spreading					960:968	increased cell spreading	945:968	increased cell spreading	945:968	VEGF and BMP-2 loaded on Gel-Pec-BCP scaffold facilitated increased cell spreading and proliferation compared to Gel-Pec-BCP scaffolds.
25709009	8	1	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2	1109:1125	arg1	scaffolds					1148:1156	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1109:1156	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks	1109:1171	Bone formation was observed in Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks, and was greatest with Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds.
25709009	2	2	theme	growth	318:323	arg1	VEGF					333:336	VEGF	333:336	VEGF	333:336	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	2	2	theme	growth	318:323	arg1	factor					325:330	vascular endothelial growth factor	297:330	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)	297:337	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	6	3	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP	1000:1010	arg1	scaffolds					1012:1020	Gel-Pec-BCP scaffolds	1000:1020	Gel-Pec-BCP scaffolds	1000:1020	VEGF and BMP-2 loaded on Gel-Pec-BCP scaffold facilitated increased cell spreading and proliferation compared to Gel-Pec-BCP scaffolds.
25709009	5	4	theme	MC3T3-E1	749:756	arg1	preosteoblasts					758:771	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	749:771	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts	749:771	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation.
25709009	0	5	from	formation	5:13	arg1	presence					82:89	presence	82:89	presence of BMP-2 and VEGF	82:107	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	2	6	theme	endothelial	306:316	arg1	VEGF					333:336	VEGF	333:336	VEGF	333:336	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	2	6	theme	endothelial	306:316	arg1	factor					325:330	vascular endothelial growth factor	297:330	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)	297:337	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	4	7	dep	Fourier	622:628	arg1	transform					630:638	transform	630:638	transform infrared spectroscopy	630:660	The results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that BMP-2 and VEGF were successfully coated on Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds.
25709009	9	8	dep	In	1225:1226	arg1	vitro					1228:1232	vitro	1228:1232	vitro	1228:1232	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	1	9	theme	successful	217:226	arg1	delivery					228:235	the successful delivery	213:235	the successful delivery of growth factors	213:253	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	0	10	theme	BMP-2	94:98	arg1	presence					82:89	presence	82:89	presence of BMP-2 and VEGF	82:107	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	4	11	theme	hydrogel	729:736	arg1	scaffolds					738:746	Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds	717:746	Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds	717:746	The results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that BMP-2 and VEGF were successfully coated on Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds.
25709009	8	12	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF	1131:1146	arg1	scaffolds					1148:1156	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1109:1156	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks	1109:1171	Bone formation was observed in Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks, and was greatest with Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds.
25709009	3	13	theme	Surface	428:434	arg1	morphology					436:445	Surface morphology	428:445	Surface morphology	428:445	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	2	14	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP	358:368	arg1	surface					370:376	the Gel-Pec-BCP surface	354:376	the Gel-Pec-BCP surface	354:376	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	3	15	theme	electron	476:483	arg1	microscopy					485:494	scanning electron microscopy	467:494	scanning electron microscopy	467:494	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	0	16	theme	VEGF	104:107	arg1	presence					82:89	presence	82:89	presence of BMP-2 and VEGF	82:107	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	9	17	theme	bone	1330:1333	arg1	regeneration					1335:1346	bone regeneration	1330:1346	bone regeneration	1330:1346	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	2	18	theme	bone	414:417	arg1	healing					419:425	bone healing	414:425	bone healing	414:425	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	5	19	theme	VEGF	845:848	arg1	effect					825:830	the effect	821:830	the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation	821:884	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation.
25709009	9	20	theme	In	1225:1226	arg1	results					1246:1252	In vitro and in vivo results	1225:1252	In vitro and in vivo results	1225:1252	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	0	21	theme	Bone	0:3	arg1	formation					5:13	Bone formation	0:13	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.	0:108	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	9	22	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF	1289:1304	arg1	scaffolds					1306:1314	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1267:1314	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1267:1314	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	1	23	theme	growth	240:245	arg1	factors					247:253	growth factors	240:253	growth factors	240:253	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	7	24	theme	rat	1066:1068	arg1	models					1070:1075	rat models	1066:1075	rat models	1066:1075	In vivo, bone formation was examined using rat models.
25709009	2	25	theme	morphogenetic	261:273	arg1	BMP-2					286:290	BMP-2	286:290	BMP-2	286:290	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	2	25	theme	morphogenetic	261:273	arg1	protein-2					275:283	Bone morphogenetic protein-2	256:283	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)	256:291	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	1	26	theme	-biphasic	160:168	arg1	BCP					189:191	BCP	189:191	BCP	189:191	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	1	26	theme	-biphasic	160:168	arg1	phosphate					178:186	gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate	134:186	gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)	134:192	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	8	27	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2	1196:1212	arg1	scaffolds					1214:1222	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds	1196:1222	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds	1196:1222	Bone formation was observed in Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks, and was greatest with Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds.
25709009	1	28	theme	factors	247:253	arg1	delivery					228:235	the successful delivery	213:235	the successful delivery of growth factors	213:253	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	9	29	theme	in	1238:1239	arg1	results					1246:1252	In vitro and in vivo results	1225:1252	In vitro and in vivo results	1225:1252	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	2	30	theme	Bone	256:259	arg1	BMP-2					286:290	BMP-2	286:290	BMP-2	286:290	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	2	30	theme	Bone	256:259	arg1	protein-2					275:283	Bone morphogenetic protein-2	256:283	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)	256:291	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	1	31	theme	calcium	170:176	arg1	BCP					189:191	BCP	189:191	BCP	189:191	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	1	31	theme	calcium	170:176	arg1	phosphate					178:186	gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate	134:186	gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)	134:192	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	0	32	theme	Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic	27:49	arg1	composite					69:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	6	33	theme	increased	945:953	arg1	spreading					960:968	increased cell spreading	945:968	increased cell spreading	945:968	VEGF and BMP-2 loaded on Gel-Pec-BCP scaffold facilitated increased cell spreading and proliferation compared to Gel-Pec-BCP scaffolds.
25709009	1	34	theme	phosphate	178:186	arg1	scaffold					122:129	A composite scaffold	110:129	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)	110:192	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	0	35	theme	porous	20:25	arg1	composite					69:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	5	36	dep	cell	853:856	arg1	viability					858:866	viability	858:866	viability	858:866	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation.
25709009	4	37	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP	717:727	arg1	scaffolds					738:746	Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds	717:746	Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds	717:746	The results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that BMP-2 and VEGF were successfully coated on Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds.
25709009	0	38	theme	phosphate	59:67	arg1	composite					69:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	0	39	theme	composite	69:77	arg1	formation					5:13	Bone formation	0:13	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.	0:108	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	3	40	theme	hydrogel	523:530	arg1	scaffolds					532:540	the hydrogel scaffolds	519:540	the hydrogel scaffolds	519:540	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	2	41	theme	vascular	297:304	arg1	VEGF					333:336	VEGF	333:336	VEGF	333:336	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	2	41	theme	vascular	297:304	arg1	factor					325:330	vascular endothelial growth factor	297:330	vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)	297:337	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	0	42	theme	calcium	51:57	arg1	composite					69:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite	18:77	Bone formation of a porous Gelatin-Pectin-biphasic calcium phosphate composite in presence of BMP-2 and VEGF.
25709009	6	43	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP	912:922	arg1	scaffold					924:931	Gel-Pec-BCP scaffold	912:931	Gel-Pec-BCP scaffold	912:931	VEGF and BMP-2 loaded on Gel-Pec-BCP scaffold facilitated increased cell spreading and proliferation compared to Gel-Pec-BCP scaffolds.
25709009	8	44	theme	Bone	1078:1081	arg1	formation					1083:1091	Bone formation	1078:1091	Bone formation	1078:1091	Bone formation was observed in Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks, and was greatest with Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds.
25709009	1	45	theme	composite	112:120	arg1	scaffold					122:129	A composite scaffold	110:129	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)	110:192	A composite scaffold of gelatin (Gel)-pectin (Pec)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was fabricated for the successful delivery of growth factors.
25709009	9	46	theme	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2	1267:1283	arg1	scaffolds					1306:1314	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1267:1314	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1267:1314	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	3	47	theme	dispersive	565:574	arg1	spectroscopy					582:593	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	558:593	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	558:593	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	5	48	from	effect	825:830	arg1	proliferation					872:884	proliferation	872:884	proliferation	872:884	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation.
25709009	5	48	from	effect	825:830	arg1	cell					853:856	cell viability and proliferation	853:884	cell	853:856	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation.
25709009	3	49	theme	BCP	501:503	arg1	dispersion					505:514	BCP dispersion	501:514	BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds	501:540	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	7	50	theme	bone	1032:1035	arg1	formation					1037:1045	bone formation	1032:1045	bone formation	1032:1045	In vivo, bone formation was examined using rat models.
25709009	3	51	theme	X-ray	576:580	arg1	spectroscopy					582:593	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	558:593	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	558:593	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	4	52	theme	infrared	640:647	arg1	spectroscopy					649:660	infrared spectroscopy	640:660	infrared spectroscopy	640:660	The results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that BMP-2 and VEGF were successfully coated on Gel-Pec-BCP hydrogel scaffolds.
25709009	2	53	from	effect	396:401	arg1	healing					419:425	bone healing	414:425	bone healing	414:425	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	5	54	theme	BMP-2	835:839	arg1	effect					825:830	the effect	821:830	the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation	821:884	MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were cultivated on the scaffolds to investigate the effect of BMP-2 and VEGF on cell viability and proliferation.
25709009	8	55	located	observed	1097:1104	arg1	scaffolds					1148:1156	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds	1109:1156	Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks	1109:1171	Bone formation was observed in Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks, and was greatest with Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds.
25709009	8	55	located	observed	1097:1104	arg2	formation					1083:1091	Bone formation	1078:1091	Bone formation	1078:1091	Bone formation was observed in Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds within 4 weeks, and was greatest with Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 scaffolds.
25709009	3	56	from	dispersion	505:514	arg1	scaffolds					532:540	the hydrogel scaffolds	519:540	the hydrogel scaffolds	519:540	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	9	57	dep	in	1238:1239	arg1	vivo					1241:1244	vivo	1241:1244	vivo	1241:1244	In vitro and in vivo results suggest that Gel-Pec-BCP/BMP-2 and Gel-Pec-BCP/VEGF scaffolds could enhance bone regeneration.
25709009	2	58	theme	them	406:409	arg1	effect					396:401	effect	396:401	effect of them on bone healing	396:425	Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were coated on the Gel-Pec-BCP surface to investigate of effect of them on bone healing.
25709009	3	59	theme	energy	558:563	arg1	spectroscopy					582:593	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	558:593	energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy	558:593	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25709009	3	60	theme	scanning	467:474	arg1	microscopy					485:494	scanning electron microscopy	467:494	scanning electron microscopy	467:494	Surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and BCP dispersion in the hydrogel scaffolds was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.
25211229	5	0	theme	transmission	772:783	arg1	microscopy					794:803	transmission electron microscopy	772:803	transmission electron microscopy	772:803	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	6	1	theme	ibuprofen	917:925	arg1	formulation					904:914	The formulation	900:914	The formulation	900:914	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	1	theme	ibuprofen	917:925	arg1	ILG-5					944:948	ILG-5	944:948	ILG-5	944:948	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	1	theme	ibuprofen	917:925	arg1	gel-5					937:941	ibuprofen liposomal gel-5	917:941	ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5)	917:949	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	12	2	theme	7/3/1	1564:1568	arg1	ratio					1576:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio	1564:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1564:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	12	3	theme	formulation	1482:1492	arg1	superiority					1454:1464	the superiority	1450:1464	the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations	1450:1524	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	6	4	theme	size	981:984	arg1	nanoliposome					956:967	nanoliposome	956:967	nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331)	956:1026	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	12	5	theme	non-vesicular	1499:1511	arg1	formulations					1513:1524	non-vesicular formulations	1499:1524	non-vesicular formulations	1499:1524	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	5	6	theme	photon	739:744	arg1	spectroscopy					758:769	photon correlation spectroscopy	739:769	photon correlation spectroscopy	739:769	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	1	7	theme	non-steroidal	187:199	arg1	Ibuprofen					159:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	1	7	theme	non-steroidal	187:199	arg1	drug					219:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	172:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation	172:261	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	8	8	dep	in	1195:1196	arg1	vitro					1198:1202	vitro	1198:1202	vitro	1198:1202	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	2	9	theme	patient	354:360	arg1	compliance					362:371	patient compliance	354:371	patient compliance	354:371	However, it causes gastrointestinal troubles when administered orally, thereby decreasing patient compliance.
25211229	9	10	theme	skin	1263:1266	arg1	studies					1279:1285	skin permeation studies	1263:1285	skin permeation studies	1263:1285	ILG-5 showed maximum permeation during skin permeation studies.
25211229	12	11	theme	drug	1725:1728	arg1	delivery					1713:1720	controlled delivery	1702:1720	controlled delivery of drug	1702:1728	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	6	12	dep	polydispersity	999:1012	arg1	index					1014:1018	index (0.331)	1014:1026	polydispersity index (0.331)	999:1026	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	12	13	theme	present	1423:1429	arg1	work					1431:1434	The present work	1419:1434	The present work	1419:1434	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	7	14	theme	highest	1085:1091	arg1	encapsulation					1093:1105	the highest encapsulation	1081:1105	the highest encapsulation	1081:1105	This formulation showed moderate zeta potential and the highest encapsulation.
25211229	1	15	theme	general	242:248	arg1	inflammation					250:261	general inflammation	242:261	general inflammation	242:261	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	4	16	theme	constituents	533:544	arg1	compositions					511:522	Six different compositions	497:522	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents	489:544	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
25211229	5	17	theme	in	806:807	arg1	release					820:826	in vitro drug release	806:826	in vitro drug release	806:826	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	6	18	theme	polydispersity	999:1012	arg1	nanoliposome					956:967	nanoliposome	956:967	nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331)	956:1026	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	19	contain	had	952:954	arg2	nanoliposome					956:967	nanoliposome	956:967	nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331)	956:1026	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	19	contain	had	952:954	arg1	RESULTS					892:898	RESULTS	892:898	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5),	892:950	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	5	20	theme	drug	815:818	arg1	release					820:826	in vitro drug release	806:826	in vitro drug release	806:826	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	2	21	theme	gastrointestinal	283:298	arg1	troubles					300:307	gastrointestinal troubles	283:307	gastrointestinal troubles	283:307	However, it causes gastrointestinal troubles when administered orally, thereby decreasing patient compliance.
25211229	7	22	theme	zeta	1062:1065	arg1	potential					1067:1075	moderate zeta potential	1053:1075	moderate zeta potential	1053:1075	This formulation showed moderate zeta potential and the highest encapsulation.
25211229	12	23	theme	nanoliposome	1656:1667	arg1	preparations					1669:1680	nanoliposome preparations	1656:1680	nanoliposome preparations	1656:1680	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	5	24	dep	ex	829:830	arg1	vivo					832:835	vivo	832:835	vivo	832:835	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	4	25	theme	different	501:509	arg1	compositions					511:522	Six different compositions	497:522	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents	489:544	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
25211229	0	26	theme	Physical	64:71	arg1	characterization					73:88	Physical characterization	64:88	Physical characterization	64:88	Development of ibuprofen nanoliposome for transdermal delivery: Physical characterization, in vitro/in vivo studies, and anti-inflammatory activity.
25211229	5	27	theme	in	875:876	arg1	studies					883:889	in vivo studies	875:889	in vivo studies	875:889	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	12	28	theme	phosphate	1631:1639	arg1	ratio					1576:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio	1564:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1564:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	4	29	theme	hydration	601:609	arg1	method					611:616	thin-film hydration method	591:616	thin-film hydration method	591:616	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
25211229	5	30	theme	physicochemical	706:720	arg1	parameters					722:731	physicochemical parameters	706:731	physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies	706:889	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	3	31	theme	vesicular	401:409	arg1	formulation					411:421	vesicular formulation	401:421	vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen	401:434	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen will provide better patient compliance and efficacy.
25211229	11	32	theme	in	1381:1382	arg1	study					1400:1404	in vivo permeation study	1381:1404	in vivo permeation study	1381:1404	ILG-5 has shown the highest Cmax and AUC during in vivo permeation study.
25211229	12	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1407:1417	arg1	optimum					1644:1650	optimum	1644:1650	optimum	1644:1650	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	12	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1407:1417	arg1	shows					1444:1448	shows	1444:1448	shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations	1444:1524	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	5	34	theme	human	859:863	arg1	skin					865:868	human skin	859:868	human skin	859:868	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	12	35	from	optimum	1644:1650	arg1	cases					1690:1694	the cases	1686:1694	the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time	1686:1770	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	10	36	dep	ex	1315:1316	arg1	vivo					1318:1321	vivo	1318:1321	vivo	1318:1321	IG showed no permeation in ex vivo settings.
25211229	3	37	theme	better	449:454	arg1	compliance					464:473	better patient compliance	449:473	better patient compliance	449:473	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen will provide better patient compliance and efficacy.
25211229	0	38	theme	ibuprofen	15:23	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of ibuprofen	0:23	Development of ibuprofen nanoliposome for transdermal delivery: Physical characterization, in vitro/in vivo studies, and anti-inflammatory activity.
25211229	8	39	theme	considerable	1151:1162	arg1	amount					1164:1169	a considerable amount	1149:1169	a considerable amount of drug release	1149:1185	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	8	39	theme	considerable	1151:1162	arg1	release					1179:1185	drug release	1174:1185	drug release	1174:1185	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	12	40	theme	sufficient	1746:1755	arg1	period					1757:1762	a sufficient period	1744:1762	a sufficient period of time	1744:1770	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	12	41	contain	containing	1553:1562	arg2	ratio					1576:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio	1564:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1564:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	12	41	contain	containing	1553:1562	arg1	composition					1541:1551	that lipid composition	1530:1551	that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1530:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	12	42	theme	dicetyl	1623:1629	arg1	phosphate					1631:1639	dicetyl phosphate	1623:1639	dicetyl phosphate	1623:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	11	43	dep	in	1381:1382	arg1	vivo					1384:1387	vivo	1384:1387	vivo	1384:1387	ILG-5 has shown the highest Cmax and AUC during in vivo permeation study.
25211229	12	44	theme	lipid	1535:1539	arg1	composition					1541:1551	that lipid composition	1530:1551	that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1530:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	8	45	theme	release	1179:1185	arg1	amount					1164:1169	a considerable amount	1149:1169	a considerable amount of drug release	1149:1185	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	8	45	theme	release	1179:1185	arg1	release					1179:1185	drug release	1174:1185	drug release	1174:1185	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	8	46	theme	in	1195:1196	arg1	membrane					1214:1221	in vitro synthetic membrane	1195:1221	in vitro synthetic membrane	1195:1221	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	9	47	theme	maximum	1237:1243	arg1	permeation					1245:1254	maximum permeation	1237:1254	maximum permeation	1237:1254	ILG-5 showed maximum permeation during skin permeation studies.
25211229	8	48	theme	synthetic	1204:1212	arg1	membrane					1214:1221	in vitro synthetic membrane	1195:1221	in vitro synthetic membrane	1195:1221	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	12	49	theme	molar	1570:1574	arg1	ratio					1576:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio	1564:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1564:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	5	50	theme	electron	785:792	arg1	microscopy					794:803	transmission electron microscopy	772:803	transmission electron microscopy	772:803	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	9	51	theme	permeation	1268:1277	arg1	studies					1279:1285	skin permeation studies	1263:1285	skin permeation studies	1263:1285	ILG-5 showed maximum permeation during skin permeation studies.
25211229	12	52	theme	nanoliposome	1469:1480	arg1	formulation					1482:1492	nanoliposome formulation	1469:1492	nanoliposome formulation	1469:1492	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	1	53	theme	established	175:185	arg1	Ibuprofen					159:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	1	53	theme	established	175:185	arg1	drug					219:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	172:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation	172:261	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	6	54	theme	smallest	972:979	arg1	size					981:984	smallest size	972:984	smallest size (159 nm)	972:993	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	54	theme	smallest	972:979	arg1	nm					991:992	159 nm	987:992	159 nm	987:992	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	55	dep	RESULTS	892:898	arg1	formulation					904:914	The formulation	900:914	The formulation	900:914	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	55	dep	RESULTS	892:898	arg1	gel-5					937:941	ibuprofen liposomal gel-5	917:941	ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5)	917:949	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	5	56	theme	correlation	746:756	arg1	spectroscopy					758:769	photon correlation spectroscopy	739:769	photon correlation spectroscopy	739:769	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	1	57	theme	anti-inflammatory	201:217	arg1	Ibuprofen					159:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	1	57	theme	anti-inflammatory	201:217	arg1	drug					219:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	172:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation	172:261	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	11	58	theme	permeation	1389:1398	arg1	study					1400:1404	in vivo permeation study	1381:1404	in vivo permeation study	1381:1404	ILG-5 has shown the highest Cmax and AUC during in vivo permeation study.
25211229	0	59	theme	anti-inflammatory	121:137	arg1	activity					139:146	anti-inflammatory activity	121:146	anti-inflammatory activity	121:146	Development of ibuprofen nanoliposome for transdermal delivery: Physical characterization, in vitro/in vivo studies, and anti-inflammatory activity.
25211229	5	60	dep	in	875:876	arg1	vivo					878:881	vivo	878:881	vivo	878:881	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	4	61	theme	lipid	527:531	arg1	constituents					533:544	lipid constituents	527:544	lipid constituents	527:544	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
25211229	5	62	theme	ex	829:830	arg1	permeation					842:851	ex vivo skin permeation	829:851	ex vivo skin permeation using human skin	829:868	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	12	63	theme	controlled	1702:1711	arg1	delivery					1713:1720	controlled delivery	1702:1720	controlled delivery of drug	1702:1728	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	10	64	theme	ex	1315:1316	arg1	settings					1323:1330	ex vivo settings	1315:1330	ex vivo settings	1315:1330	IG showed no permeation in ex vivo settings.
25211229	1	65	theme	OBJECTIVE	149:157	arg1	Ibuprofen					159:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen	149:167	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	1	65	theme	OBJECTIVE	149:157	arg1	drug					219:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug	172:222	an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation	172:261	OBJECTIVE Ibuprofen is an established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for general inflammation.
25211229	4	66	theme	thin-film	591:599	arg1	method					611:616	thin-film hydration method	591:616	thin-film hydration method	591:616	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
25211229	0	67	theme	in	91:92	arg1	studies					108:114	in vitro/in vivo studies	91:114	in vitro/in vivo studies	91:114	Development of ibuprofen nanoliposome for transdermal delivery: Physical characterization, in vitro/in vivo studies, and anti-inflammatory activity.
25211229	7	68	theme	moderate	1053:1060	arg1	potential					1067:1075	moderate zeta potential	1053:1075	moderate zeta potential	1053:1075	This formulation showed moderate zeta potential and the highest encapsulation.
25211229	3	69	theme	Transdermal	374:384	arg1	application					386:396	Transdermal application	374:396	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen	374:434	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen will provide better patient compliance and efficacy.
25211229	5	70	theme	skin	837:840	arg1	permeation					842:851	ex vivo skin permeation	829:851	ex vivo skin permeation using human skin	829:868	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	3	71	theme	Ibuprofen	426:434	arg1	formulation					411:421	vesicular formulation	401:421	vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen	401:434	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen will provide better patient compliance and efficacy.
25211229	11	72	theme	highest	1353:1359	arg1	Cmax					1361:1364	Cmax	1361:1364	Cmax	1361:1364	ILG-5 has shown the highest Cmax and AUC during in vivo permeation study.
25211229	5	73	dep	in	806:807	arg1	vitro					809:813	vitro	809:813	vitro	809:813	The formulations were characterized based on physicochemical parameters using photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation using human skin, and in vivo studies.
25211229	0	74	dep	in	91:92	arg1	vivo					103:106	vivo	103:106	vivo	103:106	Development of ibuprofen nanoliposome for transdermal delivery: Physical characterization, in vitro/in vivo studies, and anti-inflammatory activity.
25211229	12	75	theme	time	1767:1770	arg1	period					1757:1762	a sufficient period	1744:1762	a sufficient period of time	1744:1770	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	3	76	theme	patient	456:462	arg1	compliance					464:473	better patient compliance	449:473	better patient compliance	449:473	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen will provide better patient compliance and efficacy.
25211229	4	77	theme	Carbopol	647:654	arg1	934					656:658	Carbopol 934	647:658	Carbopol 934	647:658	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
25211229	12	78	theme	phosphatidylcholine	1585:1603	arg1	ratio					1576:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio	1564:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1564:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	0	79	theme	transdermal	42:52	arg1	delivery					54:61	transdermal delivery	42:61	transdermal delivery	42:61	Development of ibuprofen nanoliposome for transdermal delivery: Physical characterization, in vitro/in vivo studies, and anti-inflammatory activity.
25211229	8	80	theme	drug	1174:1177	arg1	release					1179:1185	drug release	1174:1185	drug release	1174:1185	All the formulations including IG showed a considerable amount of drug release through in vitro synthetic membrane.
25211229	12	81	theme	cholesterol	1606:1616	arg1	ratio					1576:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio	1564:1580	7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate	1564:1639	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	3	82	theme	formulation	411:421	arg1	application					386:396	Transdermal application	374:396	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen	374:434	Transdermal application of vesicular formulation of Ibuprofen will provide better patient compliance and efficacy.
25211229	12	83	from	cases	1690:1694	arg1	optimum					1644:1650	optimum	1644:1650	optimum	1644:1650	CONCLUSIONS The present work clearly shows the superiority of nanoliposome formulation over non-vesicular formulations and that lipid composition containing 7/3/1 molar ratio of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetyl phosphate is optimum for nanoliposome preparations, in the cases where controlled delivery of drug is needed for a sufficient period of time.
25211229	6	84	theme	liposomal	927:935	arg1	formulation					904:914	The formulation	900:914	The formulation	900:914	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	84	theme	liposomal	927:935	arg1	ILG-5					944:948	ILG-5	944:948	ILG-5	944:948	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	6	84	theme	liposomal	927:935	arg1	gel-5					937:941	ibuprofen liposomal gel-5	917:941	ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5)	917:949	RESULTS The formulation, ibuprofen liposomal gel-5 (ILG-5), had nanoliposome of smallest size (159 nm) and polydispersity index (0.331).
25211229	4	85	dep	METHODS	489:495	arg1	compositions					511:522	Six different compositions	497:522	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents	489:544	METHODS Six different compositions of lipid constituents have been formulated into nanovesicles using thin-film hydration method and dispersed into gel using Carbopol 934.
24035888	4	0	with	formation	880:888	arg1	RANKL					913:917	RANKL	913:917	RANKL	913:917	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL was examined by TRAP staining in vitro.
24035888	1	1	theme	sodium	288:293	arg1	products					218:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	1	theme	sodium	288:293	arg1	derivative					274:283	a chemically modified derivative	252:283	a chemically modified derivative of sodium	252:293	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	4	2	theme	HyAs	860:863	arg1	capacity					844:851	The capacity	840:851	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL	840:917	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL was examined by TRAP staining in vitro.
24035888	6	3	theme	osteoclast	1142:1151	arg1	formation					1153:1161	in vitro osteoclast formation	1133:1161	in vitro osteoclast formation	1133:1161	HyA90 and HyA600 facilitated in vitro osteoclast formation.
24035888	7	4	theme	HyAs-associated	1248:1262	arg1	resorption					1277:1286	the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption	1244:1286	the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP	1244:1293	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	1	5	theme	osteoconductive	351:365	arg1	phosphate					379:387	an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate	348:387	an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP)	348:393	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	5	theme	osteoconductive	351:365	arg1	OCP					390:392	OCP	390:392	OCP	390:392	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	6	used	used	318:321	arg2	derivative					274:283	a chemically modified derivative	252:283	a chemically modified derivative of sodium	252:293	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	6	used	used	318:321	arg2	products					218:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	6	used	used	318:321	arg2	vehicles					335:342	suitable vehicles	326:342	suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP)	326:393	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	6	used	used	318:321	arg2	Artz					228:231	Artz	228:231	Artz	228:231	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	0	7	theme	octacalcium	98:108	arg1	phosphate					110:118	synthetic octacalcium phosphate	88:118	synthetic octacalcium phosphate	88:118	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	biodegradability					68:83	biodegradability	68:83	biodegradability	68:83	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	osteoconductivity					46:62	osteoconductivity	46:62	osteoconductivity	46:62	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	2	9	theme	×	494:494	arg1	weights					480:486	molecular weights	470:486	molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively)	470:621	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	1	10	theme	octacalcium	367:377	arg1	phosphate					379:387	an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate	348:387	an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP)	348:393	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	10	theme	octacalcium	367:377	arg1	OCP					390:392	OCP	390:392	OCP	390:392	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	4	11	from	cells	902:906	arg1	formation					880:888	osteoclast formation	869:888	osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL	869:917	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL was examined by TRAP staining in vitro.
24035888	0	12	theme	synthetic	88:96	arg1	phosphate					110:118	synthetic octacalcium phosphate	88:118	synthetic octacalcium phosphate	88:118	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	6	13	dep	in	1133:1134	arg1	vitro					1136:1140	vitro	1136:1140	vitro	1136:1140	HyA90 and HyA600 facilitated in vitro osteoclast formation.
24035888	2	14	theme	×	546:546	arg1	weights					480:486	molecular weights	470:486	molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively)	470:621	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	4	15	theme	TRAP	935:938	arg1	staining					940:947	TRAP staining	935:947	TRAP staining	935:947	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL was examined by TRAP staining in vitro.
24035888	3	16	theme	OCP-HyA	624:630	arg1	composites					632:641	OCP-HyA composites	624:641	OCP-HyA composites	624:641	OCP-HyA composites were injected using a syringe into a polytetrafluoroethylene ring, placed on the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria for 3 and 6 weeks, and then bone formation was assessed by histomorphometry.
24035888	0	17	theme	phosphate	110:118	arg1	biodegradability					68:83	biodegradability	68:83	biodegradability	68:83	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	0	17	theme	phosphate	110:118	arg1	osteoconductivity					46:62	osteoconductivity	46:62	osteoconductivity	46:62	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	0	18	theme	acids	33:37	arg1	addition					10:17	addition	10:17	addition of hyaluronic acids	10:37	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	3	19	theme	calvaria	754:761	arg1	region					738:743	the subperiosteal region	720:743	the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria	720:761	OCP-HyA composites were injected using a syringe into a polytetrafluoroethylene ring, placed on the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria for 3 and 6 weeks, and then bone formation was assessed by histomorphometry.
24035888	1	20	theme	sodium	181:186	arg1	acid					199:202	sodium hyaluronic acid	181:202	sodium hyaluronic acid	181:202	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	2	21	dep	×	494:494	arg1	®					508:508	®	508:508	®	508:508	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	2	21	dep	×	494:494	arg1	Artz					503:506	Artz	503:506	Artz	503:506	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	2	22	theme	×	517:517	arg1	weights					480:486	molecular weights	470:486	molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively)	470:621	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	7	23	theme	bioactive	1391:1399	arg1	materials					1401:1409	injectable and bioactive materials	1376:1409	injectable and bioactive materials	1376:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	23	theme	bioactive	1391:1399	arg1	bone					1349:1352	attractive bone substitutes	1338:1364	attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials	1338:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	1	24	theme	hyaluronic	188:197	arg1	acid					199:202	sodium hyaluronic acid	181:202	sodium hyaluronic acid	181:202	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	7	25	theme	attractive	1338:1347	arg1	materials					1401:1409	injectable and bioactive materials	1376:1409	injectable and bioactive materials	1376:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	25	theme	attractive	1338:1347	arg1	composites					1323:1332	HyA/OCP composites	1315:1332	HyA/OCP composites	1315:1332	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	25	theme	attractive	1338:1347	arg1	bone					1349:1352	attractive bone substitutes	1338:1364	attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials	1338:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	5	26	theme	OCP	1099:1101	arg1	resorption					1085:1094	enhanced osteoclastic resorption	1063:1094	enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP	1063:1101	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	7	27	theme	osteoconductive	1193:1207	arg1	property					1209:1216	the osteoconductive property	1189:1216	the osteoconductive property of OCP	1189:1223	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	28	theme	injectable	1376:1385	arg1	materials					1401:1409	injectable and bioactive materials	1376:1409	injectable and bioactive materials	1376:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	28	theme	injectable	1376:1385	arg1	bone					1349:1352	attractive bone substitutes	1338:1364	attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials	1338:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	3	29	theme	mouse	748:752	arg1	calvaria					754:761	mouse calvaria	748:761	mouse calvaria	748:761	OCP-HyA composites were injected using a syringe into a polytetrafluoroethylene ring, placed on the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria for 3 and 6 weeks, and then bone formation was assessed by histomorphometry.
24035888	3	30	theme	subperiosteal	724:736	arg1	region					738:743	the subperiosteal region	720:743	the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria	720:761	OCP-HyA composites were injected using a syringe into a polytetrafluoroethylene ring, placed on the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria for 3 and 6 weeks, and then bone formation was assessed by histomorphometry.
24035888	0	31	theme	addition	10:17	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.	0:119	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	5	32	with	composites	998:1007	arg1	HyA600					1024:1029	HyA600	1024:1029	HyA600	1024:1029	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	5	32	with	composites	998:1007	arg1	HyA90					1014:1018	HyA90	1014:1018	HyA90	1014:1018	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	2	33	theme	sodium	453:458	arg1	HyAs					460:463	these sodium HyAs	447:463	these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively)	447:621	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	1	34	dep	Artz	228:231	arg1	Synvisc					299:305	Synvisc	299:305	Synvisc	299:305	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	0	35	dep	osteoconductivity	46:62	arg1	the					42:44	the	42:44	the	42:44	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	2	36	theme	OCP	396:398	arg1	granules					400:407	OCP granules	396:407	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter)	396:429	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	2	36	theme	OCP	396:398	arg1	diameter					421:428	300-500 μm diameter	410:428	300-500 μm diameter	410:428	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	6	37	theme	in	1133:1134	arg1	formation					1153:1161	in vitro osteoclast formation	1133:1161	in vitro osteoclast formation	1133:1161	HyA90 and HyA600 facilitated in vitro osteoclast formation.
24035888	0	38	theme	hyaluronic	22:31	arg1	acids					33:37	hyaluronic acids	22:37	hyaluronic acids	22:37	Effect of addition of hyaluronic acids on the osteoconductivity and biodegradability of synthetic octacalcium phosphate.
24035888	7	39	theme	osteoclastic	1264:1275	arg1	resorption					1277:1286	the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption	1244:1286	the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP	1244:1293	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	1	40	theme	medical	210:216	arg1	Artz					228:231	Artz	228:231	Artz	228:231	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	40	theme	medical	210:216	arg1	vehicles					335:342	suitable vehicles	326:342	suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP)	326:393	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	40	theme	medical	210:216	arg1	products					218:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	40	theme	medical	210:216	arg1	derivative					274:283	a chemically modified derivative	252:283	a chemically modified derivative of sodium	252:293	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	7	41	theme	HyA/OCP	1315:1321	arg1	composites					1323:1332	HyA/OCP composites	1315:1332	HyA/OCP composites	1315:1332	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	41	theme	HyA/OCP	1315:1321	arg1	bone					1349:1352	attractive bone substitutes	1338:1364	attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials	1338:1409	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	7	42	theme	OCP	1221:1223	arg1	property					1209:1216	the osteoconductive property	1189:1216	the osteoconductive property of OCP	1189:1223	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	4	43	theme	osteoclast	869:878	arg1	formation					880:888	osteoclast formation	869:888	osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL	869:917	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL was examined by TRAP staining in vitro.
24035888	7	44	dep	bone	1349:1352	arg1	substitutes					1354:1364	substitutes	1354:1364	substitutes	1354:1364	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	1	45	theme	modified	265:272	arg1	products					218:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	45	theme	modified	265:272	arg1	derivative					274:283	a chemically modified derivative	252:283	a chemically modified derivative of sodium	252:293	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	46	theme	suitable	326:333	arg1	vehicles					335:342	suitable vehicles	326:342	suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP)	326:393	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	1	46	theme	suitable	326:333	arg1	products					218:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products	175:225	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	3	47	theme	bone	791:794	arg1	formation					796:804	bone formation	791:804	bone formation	791:804	OCP-HyA composites were injected using a syringe into a polytetrafluoroethylene ring, placed on the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria for 3 and 6 weeks, and then bone formation was assessed by histomorphometry.
24035888	4	48	theme	RAW264	895:900	arg1	cells					902:906	RAW264 cells	895:906	RAW264 cells	895:906	The capacity of the HyAs for osteoclast formation from RAW264 cells with RANKL was examined by TRAP staining in vitro.
24035888	1	49	theme	present	125:131	arg1	study					133:137	The present study	121:137	The present study	121:137	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	2	50	theme	molecular	470:478	arg1	weights					480:486	molecular weights	470:486	molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively)	470:621	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	5	51	theme	enhanced	1063:1070	arg1	resorption					1085:1094	enhanced osteoclastic resorption	1063:1094	enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP	1063:1101	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	5	52	theme	osteoclastic	1072:1083	arg1	resorption					1085:1094	enhanced osteoclastic resorption	1063:1094	enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP	1063:1101	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	3	53	theme	polytetrafluoroethylene	680:702	arg1	ring					704:707	a polytetrafluoroethylene ring	678:707	a polytetrafluoroethylene ring	678:707	OCP-HyA composites were injected using a syringe into a polytetrafluoroethylene ring, placed on the subperiosteal region of mouse calvaria for 3 and 6 weeks, and then bone formation was assessed by histomorphometry.
24035888	7	54	theme	OCP	1291:1293	arg1	resorption					1277:1286	the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption	1244:1286	the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP	1244:1293	The results suggest that the osteoconductive property of OCP was accelerated by the HyAs-associated osteoclastic resorption of OCP, and therefore that HyA/OCP composites are attractive bone substitutes which are injectable and bioactive materials.
24035888	1	55	dep	medical	210:216	arg1	acid					199:202	sodium hyaluronic acid	181:202	sodium hyaluronic acid	181:202	The present study was designed to investigate whether three sodium hyaluronic acid (HyA) medical products, Artz(®), Suvenyl(®) and a chemically modified derivative of sodium HyA Synvisc(®), can be used as suitable vehicles for an osteoconductive octacalcium phosphate (OCP).
24035888	5	56	theme	OCP	994:996	arg1	composites					998:1007	the OCP composites	990:1007	the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600	990:1029	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	2	57	with	HyAs	460:463	arg1	weights					480:486	molecular weights	470:486	molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively)	470:621	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	2	58	theme	μm	418:419	arg1	granules					400:407	OCP granules	396:407	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter)	396:429	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	2	58	theme	μm	418:419	arg1	diameter					421:428	300-500 μm diameter	410:428	300-500 μm diameter	410:428	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
24035888	5	59	theme	Bone	959:962	arg1	formation					964:972	Bone formation	959:972	Bone formation	959:972	Bone formation was enhanced by the OCP composites with HyA90 and HyA600, compared to OCP alone, through enhanced osteoclastic resorption of OCP.
24035888	2	60	dep	×	546:546	arg1	referred					568:575	referred	568:575	referred	568:575	OCP granules (300-500 μm diameter) were mixed with these sodium HyAs with molecular weights of 90 × 10(4) (Artz(®)), 190 × 10(4) (Suvenyl(®)) and 600 × 10(4) (Synvisc(®)) (referred to as HyA90, HyA190 and HyA600, respectively).
28039572	0	0	theme	Drug	88:91	arg1	Loading					93:99	High Drug Loading	83:99	High Drug Loading	83:99	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	4	1	theme	cellulose	494:502	arg1	level					468:472	level	468:472	level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	468:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	0	2	theme	High	83:86	arg1	Loading					93:99	High Drug Loading	83:99	High Drug Loading	83:99	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	4	3	theme	-X	619:620	arg1	level					468:472	level	468:472	level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	468:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	3	4	theme	drug	348:351	arg1	loading					337:343	high loading	332:343	high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization	332:392	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	6	5	theme	MiniTab	801:807	arg1	software					812:819	MiniTab 17 software	801:819	MiniTab 17 software	801:819	The formulation was optimized based on the batches generated by MiniTab 17 software.
28039572	8	6	theme	batches	927:933	arg1	evaluation					906:915	the evaluation	902:915	the evaluation of design batches	902:933	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	4	7	theme	polacrilin	594:603	arg1	-X					619:620	polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	594:622	polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	594:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	5	8	theme	disintegration	661:674	arg1	time					676:679	disintegration time (DT)-Y 1	661:688	disintegration time (DT)-Y 1	661:688	Dependent variables considered were disintegration time (DT)-Y 1, sphericity-Y 2, and percent drug release-Y 3.
28039572	5	8	theme	disintegration	661:674	arg1	DT					682:683	DT	682:683	DT	682:683	Dependent variables considered were disintegration time (DT)-Y 1, sphericity-Y 2, and percent drug release-Y 3.
28039572	5	9	theme	Dependent	625:633	arg1	variables					635:643	Dependent variables	625:643	Dependent variables considered	625:654	Dependent variables considered were disintegration time (DT)-Y 1, sphericity-Y 2, and percent drug release-Y 3.
28039572	8	10	theme	design	920:925	arg1	batches					927:933	design batches	920:933	design batches	920:933	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	7	11	theme	composite	845:853	arg1	desirability					855:866	maximum composite desirability	837:866	maximum composite desirability (0.98)	837:873	The batch with maximum composite desirability (0.98) proved to be optimum.
28039572	7	11	theme	composite	845:853	arg1	0.98					869:872	0.98	869:872	0.98	869:872	The batch with maximum composite desirability (0.98) proved to be optimum.
28039572	8	12	theme	blend	1037:1041	arg1	property					1021:1028	the pelletization property	1003:1028	the pelletization property of the blend	1003:1041	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	3	13	theme	manufacturing	411:423	arg1	pellets					425:431	manufacturing pellets	411:431	manufacturing pellets	411:431	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	0	14	theme	Delivery	54:61	arg1	Approach					70:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	4	15	theme	microcrystalline	477:492	arg1	MCC					505:507	MCC	505:507	MCC	505:507	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	4	15	theme	microcrystalline	477:492	arg1	cellulose					494:502	microcrystalline cellulose	477:502	microcrystalline cellulose	477:502	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	1	16	theme	multiparticulate	158:173	arg1	viz					187:189	multiparticulate formulation viz	158:189	multiparticulate formulation viz	158:189	The aim of the present work was to develop and optimize multiparticulate formulation viz.
28039572	9	17	theme	QbD	1189:1191	arg1	approach					1193:1200	QbD approach	1189:1200	QbD approach	1189:1200	In conclusion, pellets with high drug loading can be effectively manufactured and optimized systematically using QbD approach.
28039572	7	18	theme	maximum	837:843	arg1	desirability					855:866	maximum composite desirability	837:866	maximum composite desirability (0.98)	837:873	The batch with maximum composite desirability (0.98) proved to be optimum.
28039572	7	18	theme	maximum	837:843	arg1	0.98					869:872	0.98	869:872	0.98	869:872	The batch with maximum composite desirability (0.98) proved to be optimum.
28039572	1	19	theme	formulation	175:185	arg1	viz					187:189	multiparticulate formulation viz	158:189	multiparticulate formulation viz	158:189	The aim of the present work was to develop and optimize multiparticulate formulation viz.
28039572	5	20	theme	percent	711:717	arg1	release-Y					724:732	percent drug release-Y 3	711:734	percent drug release-Y 3	711:734	Dependent variables considered were disintegration time (DT)-Y 1, sphericity-Y 2, and percent drug release-Y 3.
28039572	8	21	theme	pelletization	1007:1019	arg1	property					1021:1028	the pelletization property	1003:1028	the pelletization property of the blend	1003:1041	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	4	22	theme	potassium	605:613	arg1	-X					619:620	polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	594:622	polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	594:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	5	23	theme	drug	719:722	arg1	release-Y					724:732	percent drug release-Y 3	711:734	percent drug release-Y 3	711:734	Dependent variables considered were disintegration time (DT)-Y 1, sphericity-Y 2, and percent drug release-Y 3.
28039572	7	24	with	batch	826:830	arg1	desirability					855:866	maximum composite desirability	837:866	maximum composite desirability (0.98)	837:873	The batch with maximum composite desirability (0.98) proved to be optimum.
28039572	7	24	with	batch	826:830	arg1	0.98					869:872	0.98	869:872	0.98	869:872	The batch with maximum composite desirability (0.98) proved to be optimum.
28039572	3	25	theme	extreme	279:285	arg1	vertices					287:294	extreme vertices	279:294	extreme vertices	279:294	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	4	26	theme	Independent	434:444	arg1	variables					446:454	Independent variables	434:454	Independent variables chosen	434:461	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	3	27	with	design	267:272	arg1	vertices					287:294	extreme vertices	279:294	extreme vertices	279:294	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	0	28	theme	Drug	49:52	arg1	Approach					70:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	9	29	with	pellets	1091:1097	arg1	loading					1114:1120	high drug loading	1104:1120	high drug loading	1104:1120	In conclusion, pellets with high drug loading can be effectively manufactured and optimized systematically using QbD approach.
28039572	3	30	theme	Mixture	259:265	arg1	design					267:272	Mixture design	259:272	Mixture design with extreme vertices	259:294	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	0	31	theme	Multiparticulate	32:47	arg1	Approach					70:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	8	32	theme	drug	1062:1065	arg1	release					1067:1073	the final drug release	1052:1073	the final drug release	1052:1073	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	8	33	theme	final	1056:1060	arg1	release					1067:1073	the final drug release	1052:1073	the final drug release	1052:1073	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	0	34	theme	System	63:68	arg1	Approach					70:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach	32:77	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	4	35	theme	-X	509:510	arg1	level					468:472	level	468:472	level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	468:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	0	36	theme	Approach	70:77	arg1	Optimization					16:27	Optimization	16:27	Optimization	16:27	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	0	36	theme	Approach	70:77	arg1	Formulation					0:10	Formulation	0:10	Formulation	0:10	Formulation and Optimization of Multiparticulate Drug Delivery System Approach for High Drug Loading.
28039572	3	37	theme	extrusion-spheronization	369:392	arg1	loading					337:343	high loading	332:343	high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization	332:392	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	4	38	theme	polyvinylpyrrolidone	515:534	arg1	level					468:472	level	468:472	level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	468:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	8	39	theme	low	966:968	arg1	variation					970:978	low variation	966:978	low variation	966:978	From the evaluation of design batches, it was observed that, even in low variation, the excipients affect the pelletization property of the blend and also the final drug release.
28039572	9	40	theme	high	1104:1107	arg1	loading					1114:1120	high drug loading	1104:1120	high drug loading	1104:1120	In conclusion, pellets with high drug loading can be effectively manufactured and optimized systematically using QbD approach.
28039572	9	41	theme	drug	1109:1112	arg1	loading					1114:1120	high drug loading	1104:1120	high drug loading	1104:1120	In conclusion, pellets with high drug loading can be effectively manufactured and optimized systematically using QbD approach.
28039572	2	42	theme	of	200:201	arg1	pellets					192:198	pellets of	192:201	pellets of	192:201	pellets of naproxen by employing QbD and risk assessment approach.
28039572	1	43	theme	present	117:123	arg1	work					125:128	the present work	113:128	the present work	113:128	The aim of the present work was to develop and optimize multiparticulate formulation viz.
28039572	4	44	theme	sodium	572:577	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					515:534	polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90	515:539	polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90	515:539	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	4	44	theme	sodium	572:577	arg1	-X					584:585	croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3	557:587	croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3	557:587	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	3	45	with	formulation	315:325	arg1	loading					337:343	high loading	332:343	high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization	332:392	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	1	46	theme	work	125:128	arg1	aim					106:108	The aim	102:108	The aim of the present work	102:128	The aim of the present work was to develop and optimize multiparticulate formulation viz.
28039572	4	47	theme	croscarmellose	557:570	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					515:534	polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90	515:539	polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90	515:539	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	4	47	theme	croscarmellose	557:570	arg1	-X					584:585	croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3	557:587	croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3	557:587	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	2	48	theme	assessment	238:247	arg1	approach					249:256	risk assessment approach	233:256	risk assessment approach	233:256	pellets of naproxen by employing QbD and risk assessment approach.
28039572	4	49	theme	CCS	580:582	arg1	polyvinylpyrrolidone					515:534	polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90	515:539	polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90	515:539	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	4	49	theme	CCS	580:582	arg1	-X					584:585	croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3	557:587	croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3	557:587	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	3	50	theme	high	332:335	arg1	loading					337:343	high loading	332:343	high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization	332:392	Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets.
28039572	4	51	dep	polyvinylpyrrolidone	515:534	arg1	-X					551:552	-X 2	551:554	-X 2	551:554	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
28039572	2	52	theme	risk	233:236	arg1	approach					249:256	risk assessment approach	233:256	risk assessment approach	233:256	pellets of naproxen by employing QbD and risk assessment approach.
28039572	4	53	theme	PP	616:617	arg1	-X					619:620	polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	594:622	polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4	594:622	Independent variables chosen were level of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-X 1, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-90 (PVP K-90)-X 2, croscarmellose sodium (CCS)-X 3, and polacrilin potassium (PP)-X 4.
29283294	10	0	theme	hold	1446:1449	arg1	warfarin					1451:1458	hold warfarin	1446:1458	hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing	1446:1524	Remaining components including hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing were not significantly associated with pharmacist-care.
29283294	0	1	from	role	15:18	arg1	management					78:87	pre-procedural anticoagulation management	47:87	pre-procedural anticoagulation management	47:87	Evaluating the role of clinical pharmacists in pre-procedural anticoagulation management.
29283294	5	2	dep	dosing	794:799	arg1	4					778:778	4	778:778	4	778:778	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	11	3	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1582:1592	arg1	Pharmacist-care					1594:1608	CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-care	1582:1608	CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-care	1582:1608	CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-care is associated with better guideline-based anticoagulation management, but this was primarily driven by improved documentation.
29283294	1	4	theme	clinic	181:186	arg1	pharmacists					188:198	clinic pharmacists	181:198	clinic pharmacists	181:198	OBJECTIVES While physicians are typically responsible for managing perioperative warfarin, clinic pharmacists may improve pre-procedural decision-making.
29283294	3	5	theme	METHODS	388:394	arg1	patients					409:416	METHODS 200 warfarin patients	388:416	METHODS 200 warfarin patients who underwent RHC between January 2012 and September 2015	388:474	METHODS 200 warfarin patients who underwent RHC between January 2012 and September 2015 were analyzed.
29283294	12	6	theme	clinical	1805:1812	arg1	outcomes					1814:1821	clinical outcomes	1805:1821	clinical outcomes	1805:1821	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes remains unknown.
29283294	5	7	theme	least	670:674	arg1	5 days					676:681	least 5 days	670:681	least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	670:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	8	theme	anticoagulation	624:638	arg1	plan					640:643	anticoagulation plan	624:643	anticoagulation plan	624:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	6	9	theme	Chi-squared	831:841	arg1	test					843:846	Chi-squared test	831:846	Chi-squared test	831:846	Chi-squared test performed to assess the role of pharmacist.
29283294	5	10	theme	molecular	731:739	arg1	heparin					748:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin	703:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	703:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	10	theme	molecular	731:739	arg1	procedure					692:700	procedure	692:700	procedure	692:700	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	10	theme	molecular	731:739	arg1	LMWH					757:760	LMWH	757:760	LMWH	757:760	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	2	11	theme	warfarin-treated	305:320	arg1	patients					322:329	chronic warfarin-treated patients	297:329	chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC)	297:385	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	5	12	theme	plan	640:643	arg1	documentation					607:619	(1) documentation	603:619	(1) documentation of anticoagulation plan	603:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	12	theme	plan	640:643	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	12	theme	plan	640:643	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	2	13	theme	heart	359:363	arg1	RHC					382:384	RHC	382:384	RHC	382:384	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	2	13	theme	heart	359:363	arg1	catheterization					365:379	outpatient right heart catheterization	342:379	outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC)	342:385	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	7	14	theme	logistic	908:915	arg1	analysis					928:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis	892:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis	892:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to the composite endpoint, adjusted for the month of procedure.
29283294	5	15	theme	weight	741:746	arg1	heparin					748:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin	703:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	703:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	15	theme	weight	741:746	arg1	procedure					692:700	procedure	692:700	procedure	692:700	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	15	theme	weight	741:746	arg1	LMWH					757:760	LMWH	757:760	LMWH	757:760	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	4	16	theme	usual	536:540	arg1	n = 121					554:560	n = 121	554:560	n = 121	554:560	Pharmacist-care (n = 79) was compared to the usual care model (n = 121).
29283294	4	16	theme	usual	536:540	arg1	model					547:551	the usual care model	532:551	the usual care model (n = 121)	532:561	Pharmacist-care (n = 79) was compared to the usual care model (n = 121).
29283294	5	17	theme	prior	683:687	arg1	5 days					676:681	least 5 days	670:681	least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	670:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	2	18	theme	right	353:357	arg1	RHC					382:384	RHC	382:384	RHC	382:384	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	2	18	theme	right	353:357	arg1	catheterization					365:379	outpatient right heart catheterization	342:379	outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC)	342:385	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	8	19	theme	%	1092:1092	arg1	care					1075:1078	pharmacist-driven care	1057:1078	pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002)	1057:1118	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	19	theme	%	1092:1092	arg1	CI					1094:1095	4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002	1084:1117	CI	1094:1095	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	20	theme	usual	1039:1043	arg1	model					1050:1054	the usual care model	1035:1054	the usual care model	1035:1054	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	2	21	theme	outpatient	342:351	arg1	RHC					382:384	RHC	382:384	RHC	382:384	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	2	21	theme	outpatient	342:351	arg1	catheterization					365:379	outpatient right heart catheterization	342:379	outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC)	342:385	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	12	22	theme	managed	1762:1768	arg1	anticoagulation					1786:1800	pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation	1751:1800	pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation	1751:1800	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes remains unknown.
29283294	10	23	theme	LMWH	1514:1517	arg1	dosing					1519:1524	correct LMWH dosing	1506:1524	correct LMWH dosing	1506:1524	Remaining components including hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing were not significantly associated with pharmacist-care.
29283294	9	24	dep	associated	1327:1336	arg1	%					1362:1362	96.2%	1358:1362	96.2%	1358:1362	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	9	24	dep	associated	1327:1336	arg1	%					1372:1372	67.8%	1368:1372	67.8%	1368:1372	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	8	25	theme	%	1164:1164	arg1	procedure					1136:1144	the procedure	1132:1144	the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011)	1132:1189	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	25	theme	%	1164:1164	arg1	CI					1166:1167	1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011	1150:1188	CI	1166:1167	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	5	26	theme	correct	781:787	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	4	27	theme	care	542:545	arg1	n = 121					554:560	n = 121	554:560	n = 121	554:560	Pharmacist-care (n = 79) was compared to the usual care model (n = 121).
29283294	4	27	theme	care	542:545	arg1	model					547:551	the usual care model	532:551	the usual care model (n = 121)	532:561	Pharmacist-care (n = 79) was compared to the usual care model (n = 121).
29283294	5	28	theme	holding	650:656	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	10	29	theme	Remaining	1415:1423	arg1	warfarin					1451:1458	hold warfarin	1446:1458	hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing	1446:1524	Remaining components including hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing were not significantly associated with pharmacist-care.
29283294	10	29	theme	Remaining	1415:1423	arg1	components					1425:1434	Remaining components	1415:1434	Remaining components including hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing	1415:1524	Remaining components including hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing were not significantly associated with pharmacist-care.
29283294	1	30	theme	pre-procedural	212:225	arg1	decision-making					227:241	pre-procedural decision-making	212:241	pre-procedural decision-making	212:241	OBJECTIVES While physicians are typically responsible for managing perioperative warfarin, clinic pharmacists may improve pre-procedural decision-making.
29283294	5	31	theme	LMWH	789:792	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	32	theme	warfarin	658:665	arg1	outcome					576:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	32	theme	warfarin	658:665	arg1	composite					590:598	a composite	588:598	a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing	588:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	32	theme	warfarin	658:665	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	32	theme	warfarin	658:665	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	32	theme	warfarin	658:665	arg1	documentation					607:619	(1) documentation	603:619	(1) documentation of anticoagulation plan	603:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	33	theme	documentation	607:619	arg1	outcome					576:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	33	theme	documentation	607:619	arg1	composite					590:598	a composite	588:598	a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing	588:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	33	theme	documentation	607:619	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	33	theme	documentation	607:619	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	33	theme	documentation	607:619	arg1	documentation					607:619	(1) documentation	603:619	(1) documentation of anticoagulation plan	603:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	34	theme	dosing	794:799	arg1	outcome					576:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	34	theme	dosing	794:799	arg1	composite					590:598	a composite	588:598	a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing	588:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	34	theme	dosing	794:799	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	34	theme	dosing	794:799	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	34	theme	dosing	794:799	arg1	documentation					607:619	(1) documentation	603:619	(1) documentation of anticoagulation plan	603:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	35	dep	bridging	804:811	arg1	deemed					813:818	deemed	813:818	bridging deemed necessary	804:828	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	36	dep	warfarin	658:665	arg1	2					647:647	2	647:647	2	647:647	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	7	37	theme	regression	917:926	arg1	analysis					928:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis	892:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis	892:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to the composite endpoint, adjusted for the month of procedure.
29283294	12	38	from	impact	1741:1746	arg1	outcomes					1814:1821	clinical outcomes	1805:1821	clinical outcomes	1805:1821	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes remains unknown.
29283294	8	39	theme	procedure	1136:1144	arg1	care					1075:1078	pharmacist-driven care	1057:1078	pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002)	1057:1118	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	39	theme	procedure	1136:1144	arg1	date					1124:1127	date	1124:1127	date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011)	1124:1189	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	39	theme	procedure	1136:1144	arg1	CI					1094:1095	4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002	1084:1117	CI	1094:1095	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	39	theme	procedure	1136:1144	arg1	model					1050:1054	the usual care model	1035:1054	the usual care model	1035:1054	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	9	40	theme	outcome	1275:1281	arg1	components					1283:1292	the individual outcome components	1260:1292	the individual outcome components	1260:1292	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	0	41	theme	pharmacists	32:42	arg1	role					15:18	the role	11:18	the role of clinical pharmacists in pre-procedural anticoagulation management	11:87	Evaluating the role of clinical pharmacists in pre-procedural anticoagulation management.
29283294	5	42	theme	guideline-congruent	707:725	arg1	heparin					748:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin	703:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	703:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	42	theme	guideline-congruent	707:725	arg1	procedure					692:700	procedure	692:700	procedure	692:700	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	42	theme	guideline-congruent	707:725	arg1	LMWH					757:760	LMWH	757:760	LMWH	757:760	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	11	43	theme	guideline-based	1636:1650	arg1	management					1668:1677	better guideline-based anticoagulation management	1629:1677	better guideline-based anticoagulation management	1629:1677	CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-care is associated with better guideline-based anticoagulation management, but this was primarily driven by improved documentation.
29283294	2	44	theme	care	288:291	arg1	impact					260:265	the impact	256:265	the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC)	256:385	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	9	45	theme	individual	1264:1273	arg1	components					1283:1292	the individual outcome components	1260:1292	the individual outcome components	1260:1292	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	0	46	theme	clinical	23:30	arg1	pharmacists					32:42	clinical pharmacists	23:42	clinical pharmacists	23:42	Evaluating the role of clinical pharmacists in pre-procedural anticoagulation management.
29283294	5	47	from	5 days	676:681	arg1	documentation					607:619	(1) documentation	603:619	(1) documentation of anticoagulation plan	603:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	47	from	5 days	676:681	arg1	composite					590:598	a composite	588:598	a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing	588:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	47	from	5 days	676:681	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	47	from	5 days	676:681	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	47	from	5 days	676:681	arg1	outcome					576:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	48	theme	low	727:729	arg1	heparin					748:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin	703:754	(3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	703:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	48	theme	low	727:729	arg1	procedure					692:700	procedure	692:700	procedure	692:700	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	48	theme	low	727:729	arg1	LMWH					757:760	LMWH	757:760	LMWH	757:760	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	2	49	theme	pharmacist-driven	270:286	arg1	care					288:291	pharmacist-driven care	270:291	pharmacist-driven care	270:291	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	12	50	theme	peri-procedural	1770:1784	arg1	anticoagulation					1786:1800	pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation	1751:1800	pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation	1751:1800	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes remains unknown.
29283294	5	51	from	composite	590:598	arg1	5 days					676:681	least 5 days	670:681	least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	670:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	0	52	theme	pre-procedural	47:60	arg1	management					78:87	pre-procedural anticoagulation management	47:87	pre-procedural anticoagulation management	47:87	Evaluating the role of clinical pharmacists in pre-procedural anticoagulation management.
29283294	9	53	theme	pharmacist-driven	1295:1311	arg1	care					1313:1316	pharmacist-driven care	1295:1316	pharmacist-driven care	1295:1316	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	0	54	theme	anticoagulation	62:76	arg1	management					78:87	pre-procedural anticoagulation management	47:87	pre-procedural anticoagulation management	47:87	Evaluating the role of clinical pharmacists in pre-procedural anticoagulation management.
29283294	7	55	theme	procedure	1004:1012	arg1	month					995:999	the month	991:999	the month of procedure	991:1012	A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to the composite endpoint, adjusted for the month of procedure.
29283294	6	56	theme	pharmacist	880:889	arg1	role					872:875	the role	868:875	the role of pharmacist	868:889	Chi-squared test performed to assess the role of pharmacist.
29283294	11	57	theme	improved	1713:1720	arg1	documentation					1722:1734	improved documentation	1713:1734	improved documentation	1713:1734	CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-care is associated with better guideline-based anticoagulation management, but this was primarily driven by improved documentation.
29283294	8	58	theme	pharmacist-driven	1057:1073	arg1	care					1075:1078	pharmacist-driven care	1057:1078	pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002)	1057:1118	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	8	58	theme	pharmacist-driven	1057:1073	arg1	CI					1094:1095	4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002	1084:1117	CI	1094:1095	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	9	59	dep	%	1362:1362	arg1	CI					1388:1389	9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002	1378:1411	CI	1388:1389	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	7	60	theme	composite	958:966	arg1	endpoint					968:975	the composite endpoint	954:975	the composite endpoint	954:975	A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to the composite endpoint, adjusted for the month of procedure.
29283294	8	61	theme	primary	1230:1236	arg1	outcome					1248:1254	the primary composite outcome	1226:1254	the primary composite outcome	1226:1254	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	7	62	theme	multivariable	894:906	arg1	analysis					928:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis	892:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis	892:935	A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to the composite endpoint, adjusted for the month of procedure.
29283294	12	63	theme	anticoagulation	1786:1800	arg1	impact					1741:1746	The impact	1737:1746	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes	1737:1821	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes remains unknown.
29283294	11	64	theme	anticoagulation	1652:1666	arg1	management					1668:1677	better guideline-based anticoagulation management	1629:1677	better guideline-based anticoagulation management	1629:1677	CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-care is associated with better guideline-based anticoagulation management, but this was primarily driven by improved documentation.
29283294	1	65	dep	managing	148:155	arg1	improve					204:210	improve	204:210	may improve pre-procedural decision-making	200:241	OBJECTIVES While physicians are typically responsible for managing perioperative warfarin, clinic pharmacists may improve pre-procedural decision-making.
29283294	1	66	theme	perioperative	157:169	arg1	warfarin					171:178	perioperative warfarin	157:178	perioperative warfarin	157:178	OBJECTIVES While physicians are typically responsible for managing perioperative warfarin, clinic pharmacists may improve pre-procedural decision-making.
29283294	8	67	theme	care	1045:1048	arg1	model					1050:1054	the usual care model	1035:1054	the usual care model	1035:1054	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	9	68	theme	%	1386:1386	arg1	CI					1388:1389	9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002	1378:1411	CI	1388:1389	Of the individual outcome components, pharmacist-driven care was only associated with documentation (96.2% vs. 67.8%, OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.19-38.62, p = 0.002).
29283294	2	69	theme	chronic	297:303	arg1	patients					322:329	chronic warfarin-treated patients	297:329	chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC)	297:385	We assessed the impact of pharmacist-driven care for chronic warfarin-treated patients undergoing outpatient right heart catheterization (RHC).
29283294	5	70	theme	primary	568:574	arg1	outcome					576:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome	564:582	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	70	theme	primary	568:574	arg1	composite					590:598	a composite	588:598	a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing	588:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	70	theme	primary	568:574	arg1	dosing					794:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	(4) correct LMWH dosing	777:799	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	70	theme	primary	568:574	arg1	warfarin					658:665	(2) holding warfarin	646:665	(2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging	646:770	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	5	70	theme	primary	568:574	arg1	documentation					607:619	(1) documentation	603:619	(1) documentation of anticoagulation plan	603:643	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
29283294	3	71	theme	warfarin	400:407	arg1	patients					409:416	METHODS 200 warfarin patients	388:416	METHODS 200 warfarin patients who underwent RHC between January 2012 and September 2015	388:474	METHODS 200 warfarin patients who underwent RHC between January 2012 and September 2015 were analyzed.
29283294	10	72	theme	correct	1506:1512	arg1	dosing					1519:1524	correct LMWH dosing	1506:1524	correct LMWH dosing	1506:1524	Remaining components including hold warfarin for at least 5 days, appropriate bridging and correct LMWH dosing were not significantly associated with pharmacist-care.
29283294	12	73	theme	pharmacist	1751:1760	arg1	anticoagulation					1786:1800	pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation	1751:1800	pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation	1751:1800	The impact of pharmacist managed peri-procedural anticoagulation on clinical outcomes remains unknown.
29283294	8	74	theme	composite	1238:1246	arg1	outcome					1248:1254	the primary composite outcome	1226:1254	the primary composite outcome	1226:1254	RESULTS Compared to the usual care model, pharmacist-driven care (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.73-12.71, p = 0.002) and date of the procedure (OR 1.06/month, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.011) were independently associated with the primary composite outcome.
29283294	5	75	dep	documentation	607:619	arg1	1					604:604	1	604:604	1	604:604	The primary outcome was a composite of (1) documentation of anticoagulation plan, (2) holding warfarin at least 5 days prior to procedure, (3) guideline-congruent low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) bridging, and (4) correct LMWH dosing if bridging deemed necessary.
28470936	0	0	theme	nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan	81:108	arg1	scaffolds					117:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	7	1	theme	CO2	1503:1505	arg1	extraction					1507:1516	the supercritical CO2 extraction	1485:1516	the supercritical CO2 extraction	1485:1516	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	1	2	from	particular	182:191	arg1	form					211:214	its nanometric form	196:214	its nanometric form (n-HAp)	196:222	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	2	from	particular	182:191	arg1	n-HAp					217:221	n-HAp	217:221	n-HAp	217:221	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	2	from	particular	182:191	arg1	chitosan					229:236	chitosan	229:236	chitosan (CS)	229:241	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	2	from	particular	182:191	arg1	CS					239:240	CS	239:240	CS	239:240	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	2	3	theme	production	343:352	arg1	constraints					322:332	The main constraints	313:332	The main constraints of their production	313:352	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	8	4	dep	©	1602:1602	arg1	Inc.					1628:1631	Inc.	1628:1631	Inc.	1628:1631	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
28470936	0	5	theme	sterile	73:79	arg1	scaffolds					117:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	5	6	theme	non-load-bearing	1148:1163	arg1	applications					1165:1176	non-load-bearing applications	1148:1176	non-load-bearing applications	1148:1176	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	7	7	theme	neutralization	1580:1593	arg1	steps					1595:1599	neutralization steps	1580:1599	neutralization steps	1580:1599	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	4	8	theme	n-HAp/CS	729:736	arg1	scaffolds					738:746	n-HAp/CS scaffolds	729:746	n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure	729:787	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	5	9	with	compatible	1132:1141	arg1	applications					1165:1176	non-load-bearing applications	1148:1176	non-load-bearing applications	1148:1176	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	0	10	theme	scaffolds	117:125	arg1	production					43:52	the production	39:52	the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	39:125	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	4	11	theme	single	810:815	arg1	step					817:820	an innovative single step	796:820	an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction	796:858	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	0	12	theme	hybrid	110:115	arg1	scaffolds					117:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	5	13	dep	obtained	959:966	arg1	T = 75°C					969:976	T = 75°C	969:976	T = 75°C	969:976	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	4	14	theme	innovative	799:808	arg1	step					817:820	an innovative single step	796:820	an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction	796:858	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	3	15	with	contamination	637:649	arg1	residues					662:669	toxic residues	656:669	toxic residues	656:669	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	4	16	theme	bone	758:761	arg1	composition					763:773	bone composition	758:773	bone composition	758:773	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	3	17	theme	sterilization	560:572	arg1	techniques					574:583	conventional sterilization techniques	547:583	conventional sterilization techniques	547:583	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	7	18	theme	n-HAp/CS	1398:1405	arg1	preparation					1418:1428	n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation	1398:1428	n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation	1398:1428	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	18	theme	n-HAp/CS	1398:1405	arg1	steps					1391:1395	only three steps	1380:1395	only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction)	1380:1478	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	3	19	theme	purification	474:485	arg1	strategies					487:496	the used purification strategies	465:496	the used purification strategies	465:496	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	5	20	theme	storage	1116:1122	arg1	modulus					1124:1130	storage modulus	1116:1130	storage modulus	1116:1130	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	5	21	theme	extraction	994:1003	arg1	cycles					1005:1010	2 extraction cycles	992:1010	2 extraction cycles of 2 h	992:1017	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	5	21	theme	extraction	994:1003	arg1	MPa					987:989	p = 8.0 MPa	979:989	p = 8.0 MPa	979:989	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	7	22	theme	dispersion	1407:1416	arg1	preparation					1418:1428	n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation	1398:1428	n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation	1398:1428	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	22	theme	dispersion	1407:1416	arg1	steps					1391:1395	only three steps	1380:1395	only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction)	1380:1478	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	0	23	theme	CO2	14:16	arg1	process					27:33	Supercritical CO2 assisted process	0:33	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.	0:126	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	5	24	theme	residual	934:941	arg1	acid					950:953	the residual acetic acid	930:953	the residual acetic acid	930:953	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	7	25	theme	main	1332:1335	arg1	advantages					1337:1346	the main advantages	1328:1346	the main advantages	1328:1346	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	6	26	theme	disinfection/sterilization	1283:1308	arg1	procedures					1310:1319	disinfection/sterilization procedures	1283:1319	disinfection/sterilization procedures	1283:1319	Moreover, the obtained scaffolds showed cytocompatibility and osteoconductivity without further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures.
28470936	4	27	used	used	864:867	arg2	step					817:820	an innovative single step	796:820	an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction	796:858	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	0	28	theme	Supercritical	0:12	arg1	process					27:33	Supercritical CO2 assisted process	0:33	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.	0:126	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	1	29	theme	promising	247:255	arg1	scaffolds					135:143	Hybrid scaffolds	128:143	Hybrid scaffolds	128:143	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	29	theme	promising	247:255	arg1	materials					257:265	promising materials	247:265	promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications	247:310	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	5	30	theme	interconnected	1065:1078	arg1	structure					1087:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	1	31	from	scaffolds	135:143	arg1	particular					182:191	particular	182:191	particular	182:191	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	3	32	theme	thermal	610:616	arg1	degradation					618:628	material's thermal degradation	599:628	material's thermal degradation	599:628	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	2	33	theme	successful	366:375	arg1	implementation					377:390	the successful implementation	362:390	the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps	362:455	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	5	34	theme	acetic	943:948	arg1	acid					950:953	the residual acetic acid	930:953	the residual acetic acid	930:953	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	5	35	dep	T = 75°C	969:976	arg1	cycles					1005:1010	2 extraction cycles	992:1010	2 extraction cycles of 2 h	992:1017	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	5	35	dep	T = 75°C	969:976	arg1	MPa					987:989	p = 8.0 MPa	979:989	p = 8.0 MPa	979:989	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	6	36	theme	procedures	1310:1319	arg1	need					1275:1278	further need	1267:1278	further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures	1267:1319	Moreover, the obtained scaffolds showed cytocompatibility and osteoconductivity without further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures.
28470936	2	37	theme	sterilization	437:449	arg1	steps					451:455	the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps	395:455	steps	451:455	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	2	38	theme	steps	451:455	arg1	implementation					377:390	the successful implementation	362:390	the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps	362:455	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	7	39	theme	supercritical	1489:1501	arg1	extraction					1507:1516	the supercritical CO2 extraction	1485:1516	the supercritical CO2 extraction	1485:1516	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	5	40	theme	porous	1080:1085	arg1	structure					1087:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	1	41	theme	Hybrid	128:133	arg1	scaffolds					135:143	Hybrid scaffolds	128:143	Hybrid scaffolds	128:143	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	41	theme	Hybrid	128:133	arg1	materials					257:265	promising materials	247:265	promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications	247:310	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	42	theme	non-load-bearing	271:286	arg1	applications					299:310	non-load-bearing bone graft applications	271:310	non-load-bearing bone graft applications	271:310	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	4	43	attach	presents	699:706	arg2	work					694:697	this work	689:697	this work	689:697	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	4	43	attach	presents	699:706	arg1	context					680:686	this context	675:686	this context	675:686	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	5	44	theme	h	1017:1017	arg1	cycles					1005:1010	2 extraction cycles	992:1010	2 extraction cycles of 2 h	992:1017	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	5	44	theme	h	1017:1017	arg1	MPa					987:989	p = 8.0 MPa	979:989	p = 8.0 MPa	979:989	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	9	45	dep	Biomater	1665:1672	arg1	965-975					1681:1687	965-975	1681:1687	965-975	1681:1687	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.
28470936	2	46	theme	purification/neutralization	405:431	arg1	implementation					377:390	the successful implementation	362:390	the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps	362:455	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	9	47	dep	Res	1648:1650	arg1	106B					1675:1678	106B	1675:1678	106B	1675:1678	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.
28470936	9	47	dep	Res	1648:1650	arg1	B					1657:1657	Part B	1652:1657	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.	1633:1694	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.
28470936	9	47	dep	Res	1648:1650	arg1	Biomater					1665:1672	Biomater	1665:1672	Biomater	1665:1672	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.
28470936	9	47	dep	Res	1648:1650	arg1	2018					1690:1693	2018	1690:1693	2018	1690:1693	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.
28470936	1	48	theme	bone	288:291	arg1	applications					299:310	non-load-bearing bone graft applications	271:310	non-load-bearing bone graft applications	271:310	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	5	49	theme	acid	950:953	arg1	acid					950:953	the residual acetic acid	930:953	the residual acetic acid	930:953	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	5	49	theme	acid	950:953	arg1	%					925:925	80%	923:925	80% of the residual acetic acid	923:953	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	2	50	theme	final	399:403	arg1	purification/neutralization					405:431	the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps	395:455	purification/neutralization	405:431	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	1	51	theme	graft	293:297	arg1	applications					299:310	non-load-bearing bone graft applications	271:310	non-load-bearing bone graft applications	271:310	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	5	52	theme	fast	1098:1101	arg1	swelling					1103:1110	fast swelling	1098:1110	fast swelling	1098:1110	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	7	53	theme	clear	1523:1527	arg1	advantages					1529:1538	clear advantages	1523:1538	clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps	1523:1599	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	3	54	theme	scaffold	513:520	arg1	features					533:540	scaffold structural features	513:540	scaffold structural features	513:540	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	1	55	from	chitosan	229:236	arg1	particular					182:191	particular	182:191	particular	182:191	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	7	56	theme	supercritical	1450:1462	arg1	steps					1391:1395	only three steps	1380:1395	only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction)	1380:1478	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	56	theme	supercritical	1450:1462	arg1	extraction					1468:1477	supercritical CO2 extraction	1450:1477	supercritical CO2 extraction	1450:1477	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	57	dep	steps	1391:1395	arg1	freeze-drying					1431:1443	freeze-drying	1431:1443	freeze-drying	1431:1443	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	57	dep	steps	1391:1395	arg1	preparation					1418:1428	n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation	1398:1428	n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation	1398:1428	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	57	dep	steps	1391:1395	arg1	steps					1391:1395	only three steps	1380:1395	only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction)	1380:1478	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	57	dep	steps	1391:1395	arg1	extraction					1468:1477	supercritical CO2 extraction	1450:1477	supercritical CO2 extraction	1450:1477	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	3	58	theme	structural	522:531	arg1	features					533:540	scaffold structural features	513:540	scaffold structural features	513:540	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	4	59	theme	CO2	845:847	arg1	extraction					849:858	supercritical CO2 extraction	831:858	supercritical CO2 extraction	831:858	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	6	60	theme	further	1267:1273	arg1	need					1275:1278	further need	1267:1278	further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures	1267:1319	Moreover, the obtained scaffolds showed cytocompatibility and osteoconductivity without further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures.
28470936	4	61	theme	supercritical	831:843	arg1	extraction					849:858	supercritical CO2 extraction	831:858	supercritical CO2 extraction	831:858	In this context, this work presents a process to produce n-HAp/CS scaffolds mimicking bone composition and structure, where an innovative single step based on supercritical CO2 extraction was used for both purification and sterilization.
28470936	1	62	from	form	211:214	arg1	particular					182:191	particular	182:191	particular	182:191	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	2	63	theme	main	317:320	arg1	constraints					322:332	The main constraints	313:332	The main constraints of their production	313:352	The main constraints of their production concern the successful implementation of the final purification/neutralization and sterilization steps.
28470936	6	64	theme	obtained	1193:1200	arg1	scaffolds					1202:1210	the obtained scaffolds	1189:1210	the obtained scaffolds	1189:1210	Moreover, the obtained scaffolds showed cytocompatibility and osteoconductivity without further need of disinfection/sterilization procedures.
28470936	5	65	theme	adequate	1056:1063	arg1	structure					1087:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	7	66	theme	CO2	1464:1466	arg1	steps					1391:1395	only three steps	1380:1395	only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction)	1380:1478	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	7	66	theme	CO2	1464:1466	arg1	extraction					1468:1477	supercritical CO2 extraction	1450:1477	supercritical CO2 extraction	1450:1477	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	3	67	theme	used	469:472	arg1	strategies					487:496	the used purification strategies	465:496	the used purification strategies	465:496	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	3	68	theme	toxic	656:660	arg1	residues					662:669	toxic residues	656:669	toxic residues	656:669	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	1	69	theme	nanometric	200:209	arg1	form					211:214	its nanometric form	196:214	its nanometric form (n-HAp)	196:222	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	1	69	theme	nanometric	200:209	arg1	n-HAp					217:221	n-HAp	217:221	n-HAp	217:221	Hybrid scaffolds composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp), in particular in its nanometric form (n-HAp), and chitosan (CS) are promising materials for non-load-bearing bone graft applications.
28470936	5	70	theme	%	925:925	arg1	removal					912:918	A removal	910:918	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid	910:953	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	9	71	theme	Part	1652:1655	arg1	B					1657:1657	Part B	1652:1657	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.	1633:1694	J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 965-975, 2018.
28470936	7	72	theme	used	1555:1558	arg1	procedures					1560:1569	currently used procedures	1545:1569	currently used procedures based on neutralization steps	1545:1599	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
28470936	0	73	theme	high-purity	57:67	arg1	scaffolds					117:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds	57:125	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	5	74	theme	compatible	1132:1141	arg1	structure					1087:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	adequate interconnected porous structure	1056:1095	A removal of 80% of the residual acetic acid was obtained (T = 75°C, p = 8.0 MPa, 2 extraction cycles of 2 h) giving rise to scaffolds exhibiting adequate interconnected porous structure, fast swelling and storage modulus compatible with non-load-bearing applications.
28470936	0	75	theme	assisted	18:25	arg1	process					27:33	Supercritical CO2 assisted process	0:33	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.	0:126	Supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of high-purity and sterile nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan hybrid scaffolds.
28470936	3	76	theme	conventional	547:558	arg1	techniques					574:583	conventional sterilization techniques	547:583	conventional sterilization techniques	547:583	Often, the used purification strategies can compromise scaffold structural features, and conventional sterilization techniques can result in material's thermal degradation and/or contamination with toxic residues.
28470936	7	77	theme	proposed	1353:1360	arg1	process					1362:1368	the proposed process	1349:1368	the proposed process	1349:1368	Among the main advantages, the proposed process comprises only three steps (n-HAp/CS dispersion preparation; freeze-drying; and supercritical CO2 extraction), and the supercritical CO2 extraction show clear advantages over currently used procedures based on neutralization steps.
27908496	4	0	theme	soluble	1194:1200	arg1	piperazinediacrylamide					1215:1236	piperazinediacrylamide	1215:1236	piperazinediacrylamide	1215:1236	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	0	theme	soluble	1194:1200	arg1	crosslinker					1202:1212	a water soluble crosslinker	1186:1212	a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide)	1186:1237	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	1	theme	hydrophobic	778:788	arg1	monomer					790:796	hydrophobic monomer	778:796	hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	778:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	5	2	theme	phase	1708:1712	arg1	composition					1682:1692	the composition	1678:1692	the composition of the mobile phase	1678:1712	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	3	3	theme	strong	822:827	arg1	complex					853:859	an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex	809:859	an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	809:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	4	theme	amphiphilic	640:650	arg1	phases					685:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	640:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	640:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	7	5	theme	alkylphenones	1908:1920	arg1	series					1898:1903	a homologues series	1885:1903	a homologues series of alkylphenones	1885:1920	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	5	6	theme	normal-phase	1560:1571	arg1	mode					1573:1576	the normal-phase mode	1556:1576	the normal-phase mode	1556:1576	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	8	7	theme	formation	2133:2141	arg1	constant					2143:2150	the formation constant	2129:2150	the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2129:2195	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	4	8	theme	neutral	1254:1260	arg1	methacrylamide					1271:1284	methacrylamide	1271:1284	methacrylamide	1271:1284	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	8	theme	neutral	1254:1260	arg1	monomer					1262:1268	a hydrophilic neutral monomer	1240:1268	a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide)	1240:1285	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	9	theme	inclusion	843:851	arg1	complex					853:859	an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex	809:859	an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	809:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	10	theme	monolithic	663:672	arg1	phases					685:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	640:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	640:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	4	11	theme	Mixed-mode	1037:1046	arg1	phases					1070:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	1037:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	1037:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	2	12	theme	morphology	271:280	arg1	understanding					254:266	the understanding	250:266	the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties	250:306	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	6	13	theme	stationary	1808:1817	arg1	phase					1819:1823	stationary phase	1808:1823	stationary phase	1808:1823	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	4	14	theme	vinylsulfonic	1322:1334	arg1	monomer					1313:1319	a negatively charged monomer	1292:1319	a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1292:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	14	theme	vinylsulfonic	1322:1334	arg1	acid					1336:1339	vinylsulfonic acid	1322:1339	vinylsulfonic acid	1322:1339	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	15	theme	capillary	696:704	arg1	electrochromatography					706:726	capillary electrochromatography	696:726	capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	696:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	15	theme	capillary	696:704	arg1	CEC					729:731	CEC	729:731	CEC	729:731	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	6	16	theme	type	1800:1803	arg1	properties					1777:1786	Morphology and retention properties	1752:1786	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase	1752:1823	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	5	17	theme	stationary	1440:1449	arg1	phases					1451:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	3	18	theme	N-	740:741	arg1	Ad-AAm					767:772	Ad-AAm	767:772	Ad-AAm	767:772	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	18	theme	N-	740:741	arg1	acrylamide					755:764	N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide	740:764	N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm)	740:773	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	2	19	theme	phases	602:607	arg1	properties					507:516	the electrochromatographic properties	480:516	the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	480:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	0	20	theme	capillary	74:82	arg1	electrochromatography					84:104	capillary electrochromatography	74:104	capillary electrochromatography	74:104	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	2	21	theme	efficiency	286:295	arg1	understanding					254:266	the understanding	250:266	the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties	250:306	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	2	22	from	impact	343:348	arg1	properties					507:516	the electrochromatographic properties	480:516	the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	480:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	2	23	theme	monolithic	580:589	arg1	phases					602:607	highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	521:607	highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	521:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	5	24	theme	chromatography	1636:1649	arg1	mode					1659:1662	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode	1601:1662	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute)	1601:1749	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	4	25	theme	monomer	1313:1319	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	26	from	work	632:635	arg1	phases					685:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	640:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	640:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	8	27	from	influence	2116:2124	arg1	morphology					2204:2213	the morphology	2200:2213	the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths	2200:2263	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	1	28	theme	Retention	204:212	arg1	properties					214:223	Retention properties	204:223	Retention properties	204:223	Part I: Retention properties.
27908496	4	29	theme	stationary	1059:1068	arg1	phases					1070:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	1037:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	1037:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	5	30	theme	HILIC	1652:1656	arg1	mode					1659:1662	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode	1601:1662	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute)	1601:1749	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	4	31	theme	silane	1368:1373	arg1	capillaries					1400:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	5	32	theme	synthesized	1417:1427	arg1	phases					1451:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	8	33	theme	significant	2104:2114	arg1	influence					2116:2124	a significant influence	2102:2124	a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths	2102:2263	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	7	34	theme	monomer	2065:2071	arg1	type					2045:2048	the type	2041:2048	the type of hydrophobic monomer employed	2041:2080	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	6	35	theme	retention	1767:1775	arg1	properties					1777:1786	Morphology and retention properties	1752:1786	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase	1752:1823	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	4	36	theme	fused	1387:1391	arg1	capillaries					1400:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	0	37	theme	N-tert-butylacrylamide	138:159	arg1	complexation					122:133	complexation	122:133	complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin	122:193	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	3	38	with	complex	965:971	arg1	value					1004:1008	a much lower value	991:1008	a much lower value of the formation constant	991:1034	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	38	with	complex	965:971	arg1	Me-β-CD					978:984	Me-β-CD	978:984	Me-β-CD	978:984	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	8	39	theme	host-guest	2168:2177	arg1	complex					2189:2195	the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2155:2195	the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2155:2195	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	6	40	theme	Morphology	1752:1761	arg1	properties					1777:1786	Morphology and retention properties	1752:1786	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase	1752:1823	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	3	41	theme	lower	998:1002	arg1	value					1004:1008	a much lower value	991:1008	a much lower value of the formation constant	991:1034	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	5	42	theme	interaction	1617:1627	arg1	chromatography					1636:1649	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	1605:1649	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute)	1601:1749	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	4	43	theme	aqueous	1345:1351	arg1	medium					1353:1358	aqueous medium	1345:1358	aqueous medium	1345:1358	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	0	44	theme	Mixed-mode	0:9	arg1	beds					39:42	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds	0:42	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography	0:104	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	2	45	theme	electrochromatographic	484:505	arg1	properties					507:516	the electrochromatographic properties	480:516	the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	480:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	5	46	theme	hydrophobic	1468:1478	arg1	moieties					1496:1503	both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties	1463:1503	both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties	1463:1503	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	0	47	theme	continuous	28:37	arg1	beds					39:42	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds	0:42	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography	0:104	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	3	48	theme	formation	1017:1025	arg1	constant					1027:1034	the formation constant	1013:1034	the formation constant	1013:1034	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	5	49	theme	hydrophilic	1484:1494	arg1	moieties					1496:1503	both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties	1463:1503	both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties	1463:1503	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	8	50	theme	involved	2159:2166	arg1	complex					2189:2195	the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2155:2195	the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2155:2195	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	7	51	theme	selectivity	1973:1983	arg1	hydrophobicity					1947:1960	the hydrophobicity	1943:1960	the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase	1943:2014	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	7	51	theme	selectivity	1973:1983	arg1	αmeth					1985:1989	methylene selectivity αmeth	1963:1989	methylene selectivity αmeth	1963:1989	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	4	52	theme	cyclodextrin-solubilized	1137:1160	arg1	N-tert-butylacrylamide					1162:1183	cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide	1137:1183	cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide	1137:1183	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	53	theme	1-adamantyl	743:753	arg1	Ad-AAm					767:772	Ad-AAm	767:772	Ad-AAm	767:772	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	53	theme	1-adamantyl	743:753	arg1	acrylamide					755:764	N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide	740:764	N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm)	740:773	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	1	54	dep	properties	214:223	arg1	Part					196:199	Part I	196:201	Part I	196:201	Part I: Retention properties.
27908496	8	55	theme	inclusion	2179:2187	arg1	complex					2189:2195	the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2155:2195	the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2155:2195	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	2	56	dep	acrylamide-based	563:578	arg1	crosslinked					528:538	crosslinked	528:538	crosslinked	528:538	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	8	57	dep	size	2233:2236	arg1	i.e.					2216:2219	i.e.	2216:2219	i.e.	2216:2219	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	2	58	theme	formation	365:373	arg1	impact					343:348	the impact	339:348	the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	339:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	4	59	theme	hydrophilic	1242:1252	arg1	methacrylamide					1271:1284	methacrylamide	1271:1284	methacrylamide	1271:1284	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	59	theme	hydrophilic	1242:1252	arg1	monomer					1262:1268	a hydrophilic neutral monomer	1240:1268	a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide)	1240:1285	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	8	60	theme	produced	2246:2253	arg1	monoliths					2255:2263	the produced monoliths	2242:2263	the produced monoliths	2242:2263	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	4	61	theme	crosslinker	1202:1212	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	62	theme	free	1104:1107	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	5	63	theme	reversed-phase	1532:1545	arg1	mode					1547:1550	the reversed-phase mode	1528:1550	the reversed-phase mode	1528:1550	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	2	64	theme	hydrophobic	391:401	arg1	monomer					403:409	the hydrophobic monomer	387:409	the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD)	387:475	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	5	65	theme	mobile	1701:1706	arg1	phase					1708:1712	the mobile phase	1697:1712	the mobile phase	1697:1712	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	3	66	theme	water-soluble	829:841	arg1	complex					853:859	an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex	809:859	an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	809:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	3	67	theme	previous	623:630	arg1	work					632:635	our previous work	619:635	our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	619:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	7	68	theme	homologues	1887:1896	arg1	series					1898:1903	a homologues series	1885:1903	a homologues series of alkylphenones	1885:1920	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	4	69	theme	in-situ	1096:1102	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	70	theme	stationary	674:683	arg1	phases					685:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	640:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	640:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	7	71	theme	stationary	1999:2008	arg1	phase					2010:2014	the stationary phase	1995:2014	the stationary phase	1995:2014	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	4	72	theme	monomer	1262:1268	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	0	73	theme	water-soluble	168:180	arg1	cyclodextrin					182:193	a water-soluble cyclodextrin	166:193	a water-soluble cyclodextrin	166:193	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	0	74	with	complexation	122:133	arg1	cyclodextrin					182:193	a water-soluble cyclodextrin	166:193	a water-soluble cyclodextrin	166:193	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	3	75	theme	mixed-mode	652:661	arg1	phases					685:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	640:690	amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD	640:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	5	76	theme	solute	1743:1748	arg1	properties					1725:1734	the properties	1721:1734	the properties of the solute	1721:1748	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	5	77	contain	have	1458:1461	arg1	phases					1451:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	5	77	contain	have	1458:1461	arg2	moieties					1496:1503	both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties	1463:1503	both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties	1463:1503	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	6	78	theme	phase	1819:1823	arg1	type					1800:1803	this new type	1791:1803	this new type of stationary phase	1791:1823	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	2	79	dep	morphology	271:280	arg1	properties					297:306	properties	297:306	properties	297:306	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	5	80	theme	monolithic	1429:1438	arg1	phases					1451:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases	1413:1456	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	6	81	theme	new	1796:1798	arg1	type					1800:1803	this new type	1791:1803	this new type of stationary phase	1791:1823	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	4	82	theme	charged	1305:1311	arg1	monomer					1313:1319	a negatively charged monomer	1292:1319	a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1292:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	82	theme	charged	1305:1311	arg1	acid					1336:1339	vinylsulfonic acid	1322:1339	vinylsulfonic acid	1322:1339	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	8	83	theme	constant	2143:2150	arg1	influence					2116:2124	a significant influence	2102:2124	a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths	2102:2263	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	3	84	theme	inclusion	955:963	arg1	complex					965:971	an inclusion complex	952:971	an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant	952:1034	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	5	85	from	mode	1659:1662	arg1	properties					1725:1734	the properties	1721:1734	the properties of the solute	1721:1748	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	5	85	from	mode	1659:1662	arg1	composition					1682:1692	the composition	1678:1692	the composition of the mobile phase	1678:1712	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	2	86	theme	stationary	591:600	arg1	phases					602:607	highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	521:607	highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	521:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	2	87	theme	acrylamide-based	563:578	arg1	phases					602:607	highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	521:607	highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases	521:607	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	6	88	theme	previous	1863:1870	arg1	series					1872:1877	our previous series	1859:1877	our previous series	1859:1877	Morphology and retention properties of this new type of stationary phase are compared to those reported in our previous series.
27908496	4	89	theme	pre-treated	1375:1385	arg1	capillaries					1400:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	7	90	theme	hydrophobic	2053:2063	arg1	monomer					2065:2071	hydrophobic monomer	2053:2071	hydrophobic monomer employed	2053:2080	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	4	91	theme	monolithic	1048:1057	arg1	phases					1070:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	1037:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases	1037:1075	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	4	92	theme	silica	1393:1398	arg1	capillaries					1400:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries	1368:1410	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	3	93	theme	hydrophobic	924:934	arg1	monomer					936:942	hydrophobic monomer	924:942	hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant	924:1034	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	5	94	theme	hydrophilic	1605:1615	arg1	chromatography					1636:1649	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	1605:1649	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute)	1601:1749	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	0	95	theme	acrylamide-based	11:26	arg1	beds					39:42	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds	0:42	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography	0:104	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	3	96	with	complex	853:859	arg1	Me-β-CD					866:872	Me-β-CD	866:872	Me-β-CD	866:872	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	4	97	theme	N-tert-butylacrylamide	1162:1183	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	5	98	theme	liquid	1629:1634	arg1	chromatography					1636:1649	hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography	1605:1649	the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute)	1601:1749	The synthesized monolithic stationary phases have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties and can be employed in the reversed-phase mode, in the normal-phase mode, in a mixed-mode or in the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode (depending on the composition of the mobile phase and on the properties of the solute).
27908496	0	99	theme	tert-butyl	52:61	arg1	groups					63:68	tert-butyl groups	52:68	tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography	52:104	Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert-butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N-tert-butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin.
27908496	7	100	theme	phase	2010:2014	arg1	hydrophobicity					1947:1960	the hydrophobicity	1943:1960	the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase	1943:2014	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	7	100	theme	phase	2010:2014	arg1	dependent					2028:2036	dependent	2028:2036	dependent	2028:2036	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	7	100	theme	phase	2010:2014	arg1	αmeth					1985:1989	methylene selectivity αmeth	1963:1989	methylene selectivity αmeth	1963:1989	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	3	101	theme	constant	1027:1034	arg1	value					1004:1008	a much lower value	991:1008	a much lower value of the formation constant	991:1034	Based on our previous work on amphiphilic mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) using N-(1-adamantyl)acrylamide (Ad-AAm) as hydrophobic monomer that forms an extremely strong water-soluble inclusion complex with Me-β-CD, we now selected N-tert-butylacrylamide (NTBA) as hydrophobic monomer forming an inclusion complex with Me-β-CD with a much lower value of the formation constant.
27908496	8	102	theme	domain	2226:2231	arg1	size					2233:2236	the domain size	2222:2236	the domain size	2222:2236	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	4	103	theme	radical	1109:1115	arg1	copolymerization					1117:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization	1096:1132	in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid)	1096:1340	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	8	104	theme	complex	2189:2195	arg1	constant					2143:2150	the formation constant	2129:2150	the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex	2129:2195	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	2	105	theme	constant	375:382	arg1	formation					365:373	the complex formation constant	353:382	the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD)	353:475	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	4	106	dep	bind	1363:1366	arg1	in					1360:1361	in	1360:1361	in	1360:1361	Mixed-mode monolithic stationary phases are synthesized by in-situ free radical copolymerization of cyclodextrin-solubilized N-tert-butylacrylamide, a water soluble crosslinker (piperazinediacrylamide), a hydrophilic neutral monomer (methacrylamide), and a negatively charged monomer (vinylsulfonic acid) in aqueous medium in bind silane pre-treated fused silica capillaries.
27908496	7	107	theme	methylene	1963:1971	arg1	hydrophobicity					1947:1960	the hydrophobicity	1943:1960	the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase	1943:2014	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	7	107	theme	methylene	1963:1971	arg1	αmeth					1985:1989	methylene selectivity αmeth	1963:1989	methylene selectivity αmeth	1963:1989	With a homologues series of alkylphenones it is confirmed that the hydrophobicity (methylene selectivity αmeth) of the stationary phase is strongly dependent on the type of hydrophobic monomer employed.
27908496	2	108	theme	complex	357:363	arg1	formation					365:373	the complex formation constant	353:382	the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD)	353:475	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
27908496	8	109	theme	monoliths	2255:2263	arg1	morphology					2204:2213	the morphology	2200:2213	the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths	2200:2263	The studies reveal a significant influence of the formation constant of the involved host-guest inclusion complex on the morphology (i.e., the domain size) of the produced monoliths.
27908496	2	110	theme	monomer	403:409	arg1	formation					365:373	the complex formation constant	353:382	the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD)	353:475	With the aim to improve the understanding of morphology and efficiency properties, we investigate in this series the impact of the complex formation constant of the hydrophobic monomer with respect to statistically methylated-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) on the electrochromatographic properties of highly crosslinked amphiphilic mixed-mode acrylamide-based monolithic stationary phases.
25495917	0	0	theme	bladder	63:69	arg1	cells					85:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	1	1	theme	tissue	323:328	arg1	regeneration					330:341	bladder tissue regeneration	315:341	bladder tissue regeneration	315:341	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	1	2	theme	Natural	144:150	arg1	collagen					170:177	collagen	170:177	collagen	170:177	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	1	2	theme	Natural	144:150	arg1	hydrogels					152:160	Natural hydrogels	144:160	Natural hydrogels such as collagen	144:177	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	6	3	from	point	1118:1122	arg1	results					1069:1075	results	1069:1075	results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point	1069:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	3	from	point	1118:1122	arg1	testing					1091:1097	mechanical testing	1080:1097	mechanical testing at the 14-day time point	1080:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	1	4	theme	adhesion	245:252	arg1	sites					254:258	cell adhesion sites	240:258	cell adhesion sites	240:258	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	0	5	theme	rat	59:61	arg1	cells					85:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	6	6	theme	elastic	1208:1214	arg1	11.8-42.7 kPa					1225:1237	11.8-42.7 kPa	1225:1237	11.8-42.7 kPa	1225:1237	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	6	theme	elastic	1208:1214	arg1	modulus					1216:1222	elastic modulus	1208:1222	elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa)	1208:1238	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	7	7	from	improvement	1282:1292	arg1	strength					1311:1318	strength	1311:1318	strength	1311:1318	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	7	7	from	improvement	1282:1292	arg1	stiffness					1297:1305	stiffness	1297:1305	stiffness	1297:1305	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	5	8	dep	properties	898:907	arg1	modulus					948:954	elastic modulus	940:954	elastic modulus	940:954	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	8	dep	properties	898:907	arg1	properties					898:907	mechanical properties	887:907	mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels	887:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	8	dep	properties	898:907	arg1	stress					915:920	peak stress	910:920	peak stress	910:920	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	8	dep	properties	898:907	arg1	strain					928:933	peak strain	923:933	peak strain	923:933	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	0	9	theme	muscle	78:83	arg1	cells					85:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	3	10	theme	extracellular	639:651	arg1	moieties					660:667	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid	639:696	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	639:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	10	theme	extracellular	639:651	arg1	collagen					669:676	collagen	669:676	collagen	669:676	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	10	theme	extracellular	639:651	arg1	acid					693:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	6	11	theme	time	1113:1116	arg1	point					1118:1122	the 14-day time point	1102:1122	the 14-day time point	1102:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	7	12	theme	constructs	1336:1345	arg1	strength					1311:1318	strength	1311:1318	strength	1311:1318	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	7	12	theme	constructs	1336:1345	arg1	stiffness					1297:1305	stiffness	1297:1305	stiffness	1297:1305	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	6	13	theme	ultimate	1165:1172	arg1	4.1-11.6 kPa					1190:1201	4.1-11.6 kPa	1190:1201	4.1-11.6 kPa	1190:1201	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	13	theme	ultimate	1165:1172	arg1	stress					1182:1187	ultimate tensile stress	1165:1187	ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa)	1165:1202	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	0	14	theme	smooth	71:76	arg1	cells					85:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	rat bladder smooth muscle cells	59:89	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	3	15	theme	hyaluronic	682:691	arg1	moieties					660:667	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid	639:696	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	639:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	15	theme	hyaluronic	682:691	arg1	acid					693:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	6	16	theme	14-day	1106:1111	arg1	point					1118:1122	the 14-day time point	1102:1122	the 14-day time point	1102:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	5	17	theme	control	856:862	arg1	hydrogels					876:884	the control (acellular) hydrogels	852:884	the control (acellular) hydrogels	852:884	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	2	18	theme	cell	487:490	arg1	adhesion					492:499	cell adhesion	487:499	cell adhesion	487:499	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	8	19	theme	composite	1456:1464	arg1	hydrogel					1466:1473	The composite hydrogel	1452:1473	The composite hydrogel	1452:1473	The composite hydrogel provided a biocompatible scaffold for BSMC to thrive and strengthen the matrix; further, this trend could lead to strengthening the construct to match the mechanical properties of the bladder.
25495917	6	20	theme	7-day	1032:1036	arg1	point					1043:1047	the 7-day time point	1028:1047	the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding	1028:1066	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	5	21	theme	peak	923:926	arg1	properties					898:907	mechanical properties	887:907	mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels	887:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	21	theme	peak	923:926	arg1	strain					928:933	peak strain	923:933	peak strain	923:933	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	7	22	theme	time-dependent	1267:1280	arg1	improvement					1282:1292	The time-dependent improvement	1263:1292	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs	1263:1345	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	7	23	theme	collagen	1383:1390	arg1	deposition					1392:1401	continuous collagen deposition	1372:1401	continuous collagen deposition	1372:1401	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	8	24	theme	biocompatible	1486:1498	arg1	scaffold					1500:1507	a biocompatible scaffold	1484:1507	a biocompatible scaffold for BSMC	1484:1516	The composite hydrogel provided a biocompatible scaffold for BSMC to thrive and strengthen the matrix; further, this trend could lead to strengthening the construct to match the mechanical properties of the bladder.
25495917	2	25	theme	mechanical	424:433	arg1	properties					435:444	mechanical properties	424:444	mechanical properties	424:444	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	6	26	theme	testing	1091:1097	arg1	results					1069:1075	results	1069:1075	results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point	1069:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	5	27	theme	elastic	940:946	arg1	modulus					948:954	elastic modulus	940:954	elastic modulus	940:954	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	27	theme	elastic	940:946	arg1	properties					898:907	mechanical properties	887:907	mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels	887:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	28	theme	mechanical	887:896	arg1	modulus					948:954	elastic modulus	940:954	elastic modulus	940:954	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	28	theme	mechanical	887:896	arg1	properties					898:907	mechanical properties	887:907	mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels	887:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	28	theme	mechanical	887:896	arg1	stress					915:920	peak stress	910:920	peak stress	910:920	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	28	theme	mechanical	887:896	arg1	strain					928:933	peak strain	923:933	peak strain	923:933	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	3	29	with	combination	622:632	arg1	moieties					660:667	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid	639:696	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	639:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	29	with	combination	622:632	arg1	collagen					669:676	collagen	669:676	collagen	669:676	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	29	with	combination	622:632	arg1	acid					693:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	8	30	theme	bladder	1659:1665	arg1	properties					1641:1650	the mechanical properties	1626:1650	the mechanical properties of the bladder	1626:1665	The composite hydrogel provided a biocompatible scaffold for BSMC to thrive and strengthen the matrix; further, this trend could lead to strengthening the construct to match the mechanical properties of the bladder.
25495917	3	31	theme	bladder	710:716	arg1	cells					732:736	bladder smooth muscle cells	710:736	bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	710:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	31	theme	bladder	710:716	arg1	BSMC					739:742	BSMC	739:742	BSMC	739:742	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	6	32	theme	tensile	1174:1180	arg1	4.1-11.6 kPa					1190:1201	4.1-11.6 kPa	1190:1201	4.1-11.6 kPa	1190:1201	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	32	theme	tensile	1174:1180	arg1	stress					1182:1187	ultimate tensile stress	1165:1187	ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa)	1165:1202	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	33	theme	mechanical	1080:1089	arg1	testing					1091:1097	mechanical testing	1080:1097	mechanical testing at the 14-day time point	1080:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	1	34	theme	low	271:273	arg1	strength					286:293	their low mechanical strength	265:293	their low mechanical strength	265:293	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	0	35	theme	bladder	103:109	arg1	applications					130:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	5	36	theme	cellular	964:971	arg1	hydrogels					973:981	the cellular hydrogels	960:981	the cellular hydrogels	960:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	7	37	theme	cellular	1327:1334	arg1	constructs					1336:1345	the cellular constructs	1323:1345	the cellular constructs	1323:1345	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	3	38	theme	hydrogel	552:559	arg1	blends					561:566	composite hydrogel blends	542:566	composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A)	542:617	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	1	39	theme	desirable	185:193	arg1	properties					195:204	desirable properties	185:204	desirable properties	185:204	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	1	39	theme	desirable	185:193	arg1	sites					254:258	cell adhesion sites	240:258	cell adhesion sites	240:258	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	1	40	theme	mechanical	275:284	arg1	strength					286:293	their low mechanical strength	265:293	their low mechanical strength	265:293	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	0	41	theme	urinary	95:101	arg1	applications					130:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	5	42	theme	peak	910:913	arg1	properties					898:907	mechanical properties	887:907	mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels	887:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	42	theme	peak	910:913	arg1	stress					915:920	peak stress	910:920	peak stress	910:920	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	4	43	dep	BSMC	780:783	arg1	distribution					796:807	distribution	796:807	distribution	796:807	This composite hydrogel supported BSMC growth and distribution throughout the construct.
25495917	4	43	dep	BSMC	780:783	arg1	growth					785:790	growth	785:790	growth	785:790	This composite hydrogel supported BSMC growth and distribution throughout the construct.
25495917	0	44	theme	composite	18:26	arg1	hydrogel					28:35	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel	0:35	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel	0:35	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	3	45	dep	moieties	660:667	arg1	moieties					660:667	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid	639:696	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	639:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	45	dep	moieties	660:667	arg1	collagen					669:676	collagen	669:676	collagen	669:676	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	45	dep	moieties	660:667	arg1	acid					693:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	0	46	theme	engineering	118:128	arg1	applications					130:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	0	47	dep	scaffolds	37:45	arg1	seeded					47:52	seeded	47:52	scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	37:141	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	2	48	theme	ethylene	391:398	arg1	poly					385:388	poly	385:388	poly (ethylene glycol)	385:406	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	2	48	theme	ethylene	391:398	arg1	glycol					400:405	ethylene glycol	391:405	ethylene glycol	391:405	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	0	49	theme	-based	11:16	arg1	hydrogel					28:35	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel	0:35	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel	0:35	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	0	50	theme	tissue	111:116	arg1	applications					130:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	urinary bladder tissue engineering applications	95:141	Tetronic(®)-based composite hydrogel scaffolds seeded with rat bladder smooth muscle cells for urinary bladder tissue engineering applications.
25495917	3	51	theme	BASF	590:593	arg1	1107-acrylate					596:608	Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate	580:608	Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A)	580:617	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	51	theme	BASF	590:593	arg1	T1107A					611:616	T1107A	611:616	T1107A	611:616	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	52	theme	blends	561:566	arg1	use					535:537	the use	531:537	the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	531:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	1	53	theme	tissue	210:215	arg1	engineering					217:227	tissue engineering	210:227	tissue engineering	210:227	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	7	54	dep	deposition	1392:1401	arg1	the					1368:1370	the	1368:1370	the	1368:1370	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	3	55	theme	smooth	718:723	arg1	cells					732:736	bladder smooth muscle cells	710:736	bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	710:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	55	theme	smooth	718:723	arg1	BSMC					739:742	BSMC	739:742	BSMC	739:742	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	5	56	theme	acellular	865:873	arg1	hydrogels					876:884	the control (acellular) hydrogels	852:884	the control (acellular) hydrogels	852:884	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	2	57	theme	properties	435:444	arg1	tuning					414:419	tuning	414:419	tuning of mechanical properties	414:444	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	3	58	theme	muscle	725:730	arg1	cells					732:736	bladder smooth muscle cells	710:736	bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	710:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	58	theme	muscle	725:730	arg1	BSMC					739:742	BSMC	739:742	BSMC	739:742	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	59	theme	matrix	653:658	arg1	moieties					660:667	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid	639:696	extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	639:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	59	theme	matrix	653:658	arg1	collagen					669:676	collagen	669:676	collagen	669:676	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	59	theme	matrix	653:658	arg1	acid					693:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	hyaluronic acid	682:696	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	5	60	theme	hydrogels	973:981	arg1	modulus					948:954	elastic modulus	940:954	elastic modulus	940:954	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	60	theme	hydrogels	973:981	arg1	properties					898:907	mechanical properties	887:907	mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels	887:981	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	60	theme	hydrogels	973:981	arg1	stress					915:920	peak stress	910:920	peak stress	910:920	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	5	60	theme	hydrogels	973:981	arg1	strain					928:933	peak strain	923:933	peak strain	923:933	When compared to the control (acellular) hydrogels, mechanical properties (peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus) of the cellular hydrogels were significantly greater.
25495917	3	61	theme	composite	542:550	arg1	blends					561:566	composite hydrogel blends	542:566	composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A)	542:617	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	6	62	theme	significant	1136:1146	arg1	increase					1148:1155	a significant increase	1134:1155	a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels	1134:1260	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	3	63	theme	Tetronic	580:587	arg1	1107-acrylate					596:608	Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate	580:608	Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A)	580:617	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	3	63	theme	Tetronic	580:587	arg1	T1107A					611:616	T1107A	611:616	T1107A	611:616	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	6	64	theme	BSMC	1055:1058	arg1	seeding					1060:1066	BSMC seeding	1055:1066	BSMC seeding	1055:1066	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	65	from	increase	1148:1155	arg1	11.8-42.7 kPa					1225:1237	11.8-42.7 kPa	1225:1237	11.8-42.7 kPa	1225:1237	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	65	from	increase	1148:1155	arg1	hydrogels					1252:1260	cellular hydrogels	1243:1260	cellular hydrogels	1243:1260	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	65	from	increase	1148:1155	arg1	4.1-11.6 kPa					1190:1201	4.1-11.6 kPa	1190:1201	4.1-11.6 kPa	1190:1201	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	65	from	increase	1148:1155	arg1	stress					1182:1187	ultimate tensile stress	1165:1187	ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa)	1165:1202	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	65	from	increase	1148:1155	arg1	modulus					1216:1222	elastic modulus	1208:1222	elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa)	1208:1238	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	66	theme	cellular	1243:1250	arg1	hydrogels					1252:1260	cellular hydrogels	1243:1260	cellular hydrogels	1243:1260	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	6	67	from	results	1069:1075	arg1	point					1118:1122	the 14-day time point	1102:1122	the 14-day time point	1102:1122	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	8	68	theme	mechanical	1630:1639	arg1	properties					1641:1650	the mechanical properties	1626:1650	the mechanical properties of the bladder	1626:1665	The composite hydrogel provided a biocompatible scaffold for BSMC to thrive and strengthen the matrix; further, this trend could lead to strengthening the construct to match the mechanical properties of the bladder.
25495917	7	69	theme	continuous	1372:1381	arg1	deposition					1392:1401	continuous collagen deposition	1372:1401	continuous collagen deposition	1372:1401	The time-dependent improvement in stiffness and strength of the cellular constructs can be attributed to the continuous collagen deposition and reconstruction by BSMC seeded in the matrix.
25495917	4	70	theme	composite	751:759	arg1	hydrogel					761:768	This composite hydrogel	746:768	This composite hydrogel	746:768	This composite hydrogel supported BSMC growth and distribution throughout the construct.
25495917	2	71	theme	synthetic	357:365	arg1	hydrogels					367:375	synthetic hydrogels	357:375	synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol)	357:406	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	2	71	theme	synthetic	357:365	arg1	poly					385:388	poly	385:388	poly (ethylene glycol)	385:406	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	3	72	from	use	535:537	arg1	combination					622:632	combination	622:632	combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC)	622:743	For this reason, we explored the use of composite hydrogel blends composed of Tetronic (BASF) 1107-acrylate (T1107A) in combination with extracellular matrix moieties collagen and hyaluronic acid seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC).
25495917	2	73	theme	protein	465:471	arg1	adsorption					473:482	protein adsorption	465:482	protein adsorption	465:482	In contrast, synthetic hydrogels such as poly (ethylene glycol) allow tuning of mechanical properties, but do not elicit protein adsorption or cell adhesion.
25495917	1	74	theme	bladder	315:321	arg1	regeneration					330:341	bladder tissue regeneration	315:341	bladder tissue regeneration	315:341	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
25495917	6	75	theme	time	1038:1041	arg1	point					1043:1047	the 7-day time point	1028:1047	the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding	1028:1066	When compared to the 7-day time point after BSMC seeding, results of mechanical testing at the 14-day time point indicated a significant increase in both ultimate tensile stress (4.1-11.6 kPa) and elastic modulus (11.8-42.7 kPa) in cellular hydrogels.
25495917	1	76	theme	cell	240:243	arg1	sites					254:258	cell adhesion sites	240:258	cell adhesion sites	240:258	Natural hydrogels such as collagen offer desirable properties for tissue engineering, including cell adhesion sites, but their low mechanical strength is not suitable for bladder tissue regeneration.
28387574	10	0	from	site	1735:1738	arg1	release					1701:1707	the controlled release	1686:1707	the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network	1686:1757	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	0	1	theme	intramuscular	77:89	arg1	immunization					91:102	intramuscular immunization	77:102	intramuscular immunization	77:102	pH Sensitive phosphorylated chitosan hydrogel as vaccine delivery system for intramuscular immunization.
28387574	4	2	theme	novel	527:531	arg1	adjuvants					580:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	4	2	theme	novel	527:531	arg1	adjuvants					540:548	more functional novel immune adjuvants	511:548	more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants	511:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	9	3	theme	IL-4	1487:1490	arg1	cytokines					1492:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	6	4	theme	derivative	835:844	arg1	PCS					871:873	PCS	871:873	PCS	871:873	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	6	4	theme	derivative	835:844	arg1	chitosan					861:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan	810:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS)	810:874	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	1	5	theme	more	170:173	arg1	attention					184:192	more and more attention	170:192	more and more attention	170:192	In the field of immunotherapy, immune vaccinations have received more and more attention for disease prevention and treatment.
28387574	9	6	theme	antigen-specific	1383:1398	arg1	level					1435:1439	higher level	1428:1439	higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1428:1474	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	6	theme	antigen-specific	1383:1398	arg1	IFN-γ					1477:1481	IFN-γ	1477:1481	IFN-γ	1477:1481	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	6	theme	antigen-specific	1383:1398	arg1	cytokines					1492:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	6	theme	antigen-specific	1383:1398	arg1	responses					1407:1415	antigen-specific immune responses	1383:1415	antigen-specific immune responses	1383:1415	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	4	7	theme	functional	516:525	arg1	adjuvants					580:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	4	7	theme	functional	516:525	arg1	adjuvants					540:548	more functional novel immune adjuvants	511:548	more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants	511:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	5	8	theme	immune	674:679	arg1	application					659:669	its application	655:669	its application	655:669	However, chitosan is poorly water soluble, which greatly limits its application as immune adjuvants, regardless of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other biological activities.
28387574	5	8	theme	immune	674:679	arg1	adjuvants					681:689	immune adjuvants	674:689	immune adjuvants	674:689	However, chitosan is poorly water soluble, which greatly limits its application as immune adjuvants, regardless of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other biological activities.
28387574	6	9	theme	chitosan	826:833	arg1	PCS					871:873	PCS	871:873	PCS	871:873	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	6	9	theme	chitosan	826:833	arg1	chitosan					861:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan	810:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS)	810:874	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	10	10	theme	PCS	1743:1745	arg1	network					1751:1757	PCS gel network	1743:1757	PCS gel network	1743:1757	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	10	11	theme	gel	1747:1749	arg1	network					1751:1757	PCS gel network	1743:1757	PCS gel network	1743:1757	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	9	12	theme	immune	1400:1405	arg1	level					1435:1439	higher level	1428:1439	higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1428:1474	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	12	theme	immune	1400:1405	arg1	IFN-γ					1477:1481	IFN-γ	1477:1481	IFN-γ	1477:1481	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	12	theme	immune	1400:1405	arg1	cytokines					1492:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	12	theme	immune	1400:1405	arg1	responses					1407:1415	antigen-specific immune responses	1383:1415	antigen-specific immune responses	1383:1415	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	13	theme	memory	1539:1544	arg1	cells					1562:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	4	14	theme	great	487:491	arg1	effort					493:498	a great effort	485:498	a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants	485:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	6	15	theme	water-soluble	812:824	arg1	PCS					871:873	PCS	871:873	PCS	871:873	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	6	15	theme	water-soluble	812:824	arg1	chitosan					861:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan	810:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS)	810:874	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	1	16	theme	immune	136:141	arg1	vaccinations					143:154	immune vaccinations	136:154	immune vaccinations	136:154	In the field of immunotherapy, immune vaccinations have received more and more attention for disease prevention and treatment.
28387574	3	17	theme	vaccine	358:364	arg1	adjuvants					366:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants	341:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants	341:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants have been widely used but have shown obvious limitations such as poor biosafety.
28387574	9	18	theme	responses	1407:1415	arg1	level					1374:1378	significantly higher level	1353:1378	significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1353:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	19	theme	higher	1428:1433	arg1	level					1435:1439	higher level	1428:1439	higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1428:1474	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	10	20	theme	improved	1634:1641	arg1	efficacy					1656:1663	the improved immunization efficacy	1630:1663	the improved immunization efficacy	1630:1663	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	0	21	theme	vaccine	49:55	arg1	system					66:71	vaccine delivery system	49:71	vaccine delivery system for intramuscular immunization	49:102	pH Sensitive phosphorylated chitosan hydrogel as vaccine delivery system for intramuscular immunization.
28387574	10	22	theme	imaging	1577:1583	arg1	assays					1610:1615	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays	1569:1615	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays	1569:1615	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	10	23	theme	antigen	1779:1785	arg1	stimuli					1787:1793	antigen stimuli	1779:1793	antigen stimuli	1779:1793	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	2	24	from	vaccination	242:252	arg1	necessary					287:295	necessary	287:295	necessary	287:295	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	1	25	theme	more	179:182	arg1	attention					184:192	more and more attention	170:192	more and more attention	170:192	In the field of immunotherapy, immune vaccinations have received more and more attention for disease prevention and treatment.
28387574	10	26	theme	In vivo	1569:1575	arg1	imaging					1577:1583	In vivo imaging	1569:1583	In vivo imaging	1569:1583	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	8	27	dep	ovalbumin	1102:1110	arg1	antigen					1118:1124	antigen	1118:1124	ovalbumin (OVA) antigen	1102:1124	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	9	28	theme	30 mg/mL	1283:1290	arg1	hydrogel					1302:1309	30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel	1283:1309	30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel	1283:1309	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	8	29	theme	OVA	1230:1232	arg1	immunization					1234:1245	OVA immunization	1230:1245	OVA immunization	1230:1245	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	8	30	theme	neutral	1061:1067	arg1	solutions					1081:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions	1061:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen	1061:1124	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	8	31	theme	gel	1214:1216	arg1	network					1218:1224	an OVA-containing gel network	1196:1224	an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization	1196:1245	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	4	32	theme	immune	573:578	arg1	adjuvants					580:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	9	33	theme	CD4+	1546:1549	arg1	cells					1562:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	3	34	theme	poor	441:444	arg1	biosafety					446:454	poor biosafety	441:454	poor biosafety	441:454	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants have been widely used but have shown obvious limitations such as poor biosafety.
28387574	0	35	theme	chitosan	28:35	arg1	hydrogel					37:44	chitosan hydrogel	28:44	chitosan hydrogel	28:44	pH Sensitive phosphorylated chitosan hydrogel as vaccine delivery system for intramuscular immunization.
28387574	4	36	theme	chitosan-based	558:571	arg1	adjuvants					580:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	3	37	used	used	393:396	arg2	adjuvants					366:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants	341:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants	341:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants have been widely used but have shown obvious limitations such as poor biosafety.
28387574	2	38	theme	weak	308:311	arg1	immunogenicity					313:326	the weak immunogenicity	304:326	the weak immunogenicity of vaccines	304:338	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	1	39	theme	disease	198:204	arg1	prevention					206:215	disease prevention	198:215	disease prevention	198:215	In the field of immunotherapy, immune vaccinations have received more and more attention for disease prevention and treatment.
28387574	8	40	theme	test	1160:1163	arg1	mice					1165:1168	test mice	1160:1168	test mice	1160:1168	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	9	41	theme	hydrogel	1302:1309	arg1	use					1276:1278	the use	1272:1278	the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system	1272:1336	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	10	42	theme	injection	1725:1733	arg1	site					1735:1738	injection site	1725:1738	injection site by PCS gel network	1725:1757	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	9	43	theme	CD8+	1555:1558	arg1	cells					1562:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	44	theme	antigen-specific	1444:1459	arg1	antibodies					1465:1474	antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1444:1474	antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1444:1474	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	45	theme	IgG	1461:1463	arg1	antibodies					1465:1474	antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1444:1474	antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1444:1474	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	46	theme	T	1560:1560	arg1	cells					1562:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1539:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	8	47	theme	OVA-containing	1199:1212	arg1	network					1218:1224	an OVA-containing gel network	1196:1224	an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization	1196:1245	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	7	48	from	pH < 7.0	1004:1011	arg1	soluble					993:999	soluble	993:999	soluble	993:999	PCS was found to be pH sensitive: specifically, it was water soluble at pH < 7.0 but began to gel at pH >7.0.
28387574	8	49	dep	this	1055:1058	arg1	virtue					1045:1050	virtue	1045:1050	virtue	1045:1050	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	9	50	theme	vaccine	1314:1320	arg1	system					1331:1336	vaccine delivery system	1314:1336	vaccine delivery system	1314:1336	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	10	51	theme	immunohistochemistry	1589:1608	arg1	assays					1610:1615	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays	1569:1615	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays	1569:1615	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	2	52	theme	immune	235:240	arg1	vaccination					242:252	immune vaccination	235:252	immune vaccination	235:252	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	5	53	theme	biological	761:770	arg1	activities					772:781	other biological activities	755:781	other biological activities	755:781	However, chitosan is poorly water soluble, which greatly limits its application as immune adjuvants, regardless of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other biological activities.
28387574	0	54	theme	delivery	57:64	arg1	system					66:71	vaccine delivery system	49:71	vaccine delivery system for intramuscular immunization	49:102	pH Sensitive phosphorylated chitosan hydrogel as vaccine delivery system for intramuscular immunization.
28387574	4	55	theme	immune	533:538	arg1	adjuvants					580:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	chitosan-based immune adjuvants	558:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	4	55	theme	immune	533:538	arg1	adjuvants					540:548	more functional novel immune adjuvants	511:548	more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants	511:588	Therefore, researchers make a great effort to develop more functional novel immune adjuvants such as chitosan-based immune adjuvants.
28387574	8	56	theme	PCS	1069:1071	arg1	solutions					1081:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions	1061:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen	1061:1124	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	9	57	theme	PCS-based	1292:1300	arg1	hydrogel					1302:1309	30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel	1283:1309	30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel	1283:1309	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	10	58	theme	controlled	1690:1699	arg1	release					1701:1707	the controlled release	1686:1707	the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network	1686:1757	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	3	59	theme	obvious	413:419	arg1	biosafety					446:454	poor biosafety	441:454	poor biosafety	441:454	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants have been widely used but have shown obvious limitations such as poor biosafety.
28387574	3	59	theme	obvious	413:419	arg1	limitations					421:431	obvious limitations	413:431	obvious limitations such as poor biosafety	413:454	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants have been widely used but have shown obvious limitations such as poor biosafety.
28387574	5	60	theme	good	710:713	arg1	biocompatibility					715:730	its good biocompatibility	706:730	its good biocompatibility	706:730	However, chitosan is poorly water soluble, which greatly limits its application as immune adjuvants, regardless of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other biological activities.
28387574	1	61	theme	immunotherapy	121:133	arg1	field					112:116	the field	108:116	the field of immunotherapy	108:133	In the field of immunotherapy, immune vaccinations have received more and more attention for disease prevention and treatment.
28387574	2	62	from	necessary	287:295	arg1	vaccination					242:252	immune vaccination	235:252	immune vaccination	235:252	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	10	63	theme	immune	1802:1807	arg1	system					1809:1814	the immune system	1798:1814	the immune system	1798:1814	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	11	64	theme	vaccine	1873:1879	arg1	PCS					1835:1837	PCS	1835:1837	PCS	1835:1837	From the results, PCS could be developed as a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy.
28387574	11	64	theme	vaccine	1873:1879	arg1	system					1890:1895	a promising vaccine delivery system	1861:1895	a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy	1861:1913	From the results, PCS could be developed as a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy.
28387574	9	65	dep	level	1435:1439	arg1	secretion					1502:1510	secretion	1502:1510	secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1502:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	8	66	contain	containing	1091:1100	arg2	OVA					1113:1115	OVA	1113:1115	OVA	1113:1115	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	8	66	contain	containing	1091:1100	arg2	ovalbumin					1102:1110	ovalbumin	1102:1110	ovalbumin (OVA) antigen	1102:1124	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	8	66	contain	containing	1091:1100	arg1	solutions					1081:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions	1061:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen	1061:1124	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	5	67	theme	other	755:759	arg1	activities					772:781	other biological activities	755:781	other biological activities	755:781	However, chitosan is poorly water soluble, which greatly limits its application as immune adjuvants, regardless of its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and other biological activities.
28387574	8	68	theme	aqueous	1073:1079	arg1	solutions					1081:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions	1061:1089	neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen	1061:1124	By virtue of this, neutral PCS aqueous solutions containing ovalbumin (OVA) antigen was intramuscularly injected into test mice, which would transform to an OVA-containing gel network for OVA immunization.
28387574	2	69	theme	vaccine	265:271	arg1	adjuvants					273:281	efficient vaccine adjuvants	255:281	efficient vaccine adjuvants	255:281	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	10	70	theme	immunization	1643:1654	arg1	efficacy					1656:1663	the improved immunization efficacy	1630:1663	the improved immunization efficacy	1630:1663	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	2	71	theme	vaccines	331:338	arg1	immunogenicity					313:326	the weak immunogenicity	304:326	the weak immunogenicity of vaccines	304:338	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	9	72	theme	antibodies	1465:1474	arg1	level					1435:1439	higher level	1428:1439	higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies	1428:1474	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	72	theme	antibodies	1465:1474	arg1	IFN-γ					1477:1481	IFN-γ	1477:1481	IFN-γ	1477:1481	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	9	72	theme	antibodies	1465:1474	arg1	cytokines					1492:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	IL-4 cytokines	1487:1500	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	6	73	theme	phosphorylated	846:859	arg1	PCS					871:873	PCS	871:873	PCS	871:873	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	6	73	theme	phosphorylated	846:859	arg1	chitosan					861:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan	810:868	a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS)	810:874	In this work, we prepared a water-soluble chitosan derivative phosphorylated chitosan (PCS) and evaluated its potential as a novel immune adjuvant.
28387574	2	74	theme	efficient	255:263	arg1	adjuvants					273:281	efficient vaccine adjuvants	255:281	efficient vaccine adjuvants	255:281	In immune vaccination, efficient vaccine adjuvants are necessary due to the weak immunogenicity of vaccines.
28387574	11	75	theme	delivery	1881:1888	arg1	PCS					1835:1837	PCS	1835:1837	PCS	1835:1837	From the results, PCS could be developed as a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy.
28387574	11	75	theme	delivery	1881:1888	arg1	system					1890:1895	a promising vaccine delivery system	1861:1895	a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy	1861:1913	From the results, PCS could be developed as a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy.
28387574	11	76	theme	promising	1863:1871	arg1	PCS					1835:1837	PCS	1835:1837	PCS	1835:1837	From the results, PCS could be developed as a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy.
28387574	11	76	theme	promising	1863:1871	arg1	system					1890:1895	a promising vaccine delivery system	1861:1895	a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy	1861:1913	From the results, PCS could be developed as a promising vaccine delivery system for immunotherapy.
28387574	9	77	theme	higher	1367:1372	arg1	level					1374:1378	significantly higher level	1353:1378	significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells	1353:1566	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
28387574	3	78	theme	traditional	346:356	arg1	adjuvants					366:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants	341:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants	341:374	Some traditional vaccine adjuvants have been widely used but have shown obvious limitations such as poor biosafety.
28387574	10	79	theme	antigen	1712:1718	arg1	release					1701:1707	the controlled release	1686:1707	the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network	1686:1757	In vivo imaging and immunohistochemistry assays suggest that the improved immunization efficacy may be attributed to the controlled release of antigen from injection site by PCS gel network, and then prolonged antigen stimuli to the immune system.
28387574	9	80	theme	delivery	1322:1329	arg1	system					1331:1336	vaccine delivery system	1314:1336	vaccine delivery system	1314:1336	The results showed that the use of 30 mg/mL PCS-based hydrogel as vaccine delivery system contributed to significantly higher level of antigen-specific immune responses, including higher level of antigen-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines secretion by splenocytes, as well as memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
25172775	0	0	theme	extracellular	85:97	arg1	neutrophil					74:83	neutrophil extracellular traps	74:103	neutrophil extracellular traps	74:103	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	9	1	theme	significant	1287:1297	arg1	release					1299:1305	significant release	1287:1305	significant release of NETs	1287:1313	Interestingly, neutrophils treated with sphingomyelin-degrading sphingomyelinase also showed significant release of NETs.
25172775	8	2	theme	neutrophils	992:1002	arg1	Treatment					979:987	Treatment	979:987	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD	979:1012	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	9	3	theme	NETs	1310:1313	arg1	release					1299:1305	significant release	1287:1305	significant release of NETs	1287:1313	Interestingly, neutrophils treated with sphingomyelin-degrading sphingomyelinase also showed significant release of NETs.
25172775	0	4	theme	neutrophil	74:83	arg1	formation					61:69	formation	61:69	formation of neutrophil extracellular traps	61:103	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	0	5	from	alterations	6:16	arg1	neutrophils					41:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	3	6	theme	methy-β-cyclodetxrin	463:482	arg1	concentrations					445:458	different concentrations	435:458	different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD)	435:489	To this end, primary human neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD) to reduce cholesterol level in the cell.
25172775	8	7	with	Treatment	979:987	arg1	MβCD					1009:1012	MβCD	1009:1012	MβCD	1009:1012	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	6	8	theme	layer	868:872	arg1	chromatography					874:887	high performance thin layer chromatography	846:887	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	846:895	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	6	8	theme	layer	868:872	arg1	HPTLC					890:894	HPTLC	890:894	HPTLC	890:894	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	6	9	theme	MβCD	782:785	arg1	effect					772:777	The effect	768:777	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells	768:823	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	1	10	dep	extracellular	134:146	arg1	traps					148:152	traps	148:152	traps	148:152	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	8	11	from	percentage	1070:1079	arg1	cell					1103:1106	the cell	1099:1106	the cell	1099:1106	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	5	12	theme	NETs	712:715	arg1	release					701:707	a significant release	687:707	a significant release of NETs	687:715	Neutrophils treated with MβCD showed a significant release of NETs in a process that is independent of NADPH-oxidase.
25172775	6	13	theme	thin	863:866	arg1	chromatography					874:887	high performance thin layer chromatography	846:887	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	846:895	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	6	13	theme	thin	863:866	arg1	HPTLC					890:894	HPTLC	890:894	HPTLC	890:894	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	3	14	theme	cholesterol	501:511	arg1	level					513:517	cholesterol level	501:517	cholesterol level	501:517	To this end, primary human neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD) to reduce cholesterol level in the cell.
25172775	1	15	theme	novel	240:244	arg1	process					257:263	a novel cell death process	238:263	a novel cell death process called NETosis	238:278	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	8	16	theme	other	1135:1139	arg1	lipids					1141:1146	other lipids	1135:1146	other lipids as sphingomyelin	1135:1163	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	6	17	theme	performance	851:861	arg1	chromatography					874:887	high performance thin layer chromatography	846:887	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	846:895	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	6	17	theme	performance	851:861	arg1	HPTLC					890:894	HPTLC	890:894	HPTLC	890:894	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	8	18	theme	distinct	1023:1030	arg1	changes					1032:1038	distinct changes	1023:1038	distinct changes in the lipid composition	1023:1063	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	4	19	theme	immunofluorescence	572:589	arg1	microscopy					591:600	immunofluorescence microscopy	572:600	immunofluorescence microscopy	572:600	The formation of NETs was studied using immunofluorescence microscopy and Picogreen-quantification of released dsDNA.
25172775	1	20	theme	innate	171:176	arg1	mechanism					193:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	4	21	theme	released	634:641	arg1	dsDNA					643:647	released dsDNA	634:647	released dsDNA	634:647	The formation of NETs was studied using immunofluorescence microscopy and Picogreen-quantification of released dsDNA.
25172775	6	22	theme	high	846:849	arg1	chromatography					874:887	high performance thin layer chromatography	846:887	high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)	846:895	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	6	22	theme	high	846:849	arg1	HPTLC					890:894	HPTLC	890:894	HPTLC	890:894	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	1	23	dep	neutrophil	123:132	arg1	extracellular					134:146	extracellular	134:146	extracellular	134:146	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	1	23	dep	neutrophil	123:132	arg1	NETs					155:158	NETs	155:158	NETs	155:158	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	1	24	theme	host	166:169	arg1	mechanism					193:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	2	25	theme	cholesterol	340:350	arg1	role					332:335	the role	328:335	the role of cholesterol in the formation of NETs	328:375	The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol in the formation of NETs.
25172775	0	26	theme	Lipid	0:4	arg1	alterations					6:16	Lipid alterations	0:16	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils	0:51	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	1	27	theme	cell	246:249	arg1	process					257:263	a novel cell death process	238:263	a novel cell death process called NETosis	238:278	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	2	28	from	role	332:335	arg1	formation					359:367	the formation	355:367	the formation of NETs	355:375	The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol in the formation of NETs.
25172775	0	29	dep	neutrophil	74:83	arg1	traps					99:103	traps	99:103	traps	99:103	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	1	30	theme	immune	178:183	arg1	mechanism					193:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	0	31	theme	human	21:25	arg1	neutrophils					41:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	1	32	theme	death	251:255	arg1	process					257:263	a novel cell death process	238:263	a novel cell death process called NETosis	238:278	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	8	33	theme	lipid	1047:1051	arg1	composition					1053:1063	the lipid composition	1043:1063	the lipid composition	1043:1063	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	0	34	link	blood-derived	27:39	arg1	neutrophils					41:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	1	35	theme	defence	185:191	arg1	mechanism					193:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	a host innate immune defence mechanism	164:201	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	1	36	theme	process	257:263	arg1	result					228:233	the result	224:233	the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis	224:278	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	1	36	theme	process	257:263	arg1	formation					110:118	The formation	106:118	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism	106:201	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	7	37	theme	lipids	916:921	arg1	identities					902:911	The identities	898:911	The identities of lipids separated by HPTLC	898:940	The identities of lipids separated by HPTLC were confirmed by mass spectrometry.
25172775	2	38	theme	NETs	372:375	arg1	formation					359:367	the formation	355:367	the formation of NETs	355:375	The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol in the formation of NETs.
25172775	1	39	theme	neutrophil	123:132	arg1	result					228:233	the result	224:233	the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis	224:278	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	1	39	theme	neutrophil	123:132	arg1	formation					110:118	The formation	106:118	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism	106:201	The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a host innate immune defence mechanism has been shown to be the result of a novel cell death process called NETosis.
25172775	5	40	theme	significant	689:699	arg1	release					701:707	a significant release	687:707	a significant release of NETs	687:715	Neutrophils treated with MβCD showed a significant release of NETs in a process that is independent of NADPH-oxidase.
25172775	4	41	theme	dsDNA	643:647	arg1	Picogreen-quantification					606:629	Picogreen-quantification	606:629	Picogreen-quantification	606:629	The formation of NETs was studied using immunofluorescence microscopy and Picogreen-quantification of released dsDNA.
25172775	4	41	theme	dsDNA	643:647	arg1	microscopy					591:600	immunofluorescence microscopy	572:600	immunofluorescence microscopy	572:600	The formation of NETs was studied using immunofluorescence microscopy and Picogreen-quantification of released dsDNA.
25172775	3	42	theme	primary	391:397	arg1	neutrophils					405:415	primary human neutrophils	391:415	primary human neutrophils	391:415	To this end, primary human neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD) to reduce cholesterol level in the cell.
25172775	0	43	theme	blood-derived	27:39	arg1	neutrophils					41:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	human blood-derived neutrophils	21:51	Lipid alterations in human blood-derived neutrophils lead to formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
25172775	5	44	theme	NADPH-oxidase	753:765	arg1	process					722:728	a process	720:728	a process that is independent of NADPH-oxidase	720:765	Neutrophils treated with MβCD showed a significant release of NETs in a process that is independent of NADPH-oxidase.
25172775	5	44	theme	NADPH-oxidase	753:765	arg1	independent					738:748	independent	738:748	independent	738:748	Neutrophils treated with MβCD showed a significant release of NETs in a process that is independent of NADPH-oxidase.
25172775	6	45	theme	cells	819:823	arg1	composition					800:810	the lipid composition	790:810	the lipid composition of the cells	790:823	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	3	46	theme	human	399:403	arg1	neutrophils					405:415	primary human neutrophils	391:415	primary human neutrophils	391:415	To this end, primary human neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD) to reduce cholesterol level in the cell.
25172775	8	47	from	changes	1032:1038	arg1	composition					1053:1063	the lipid composition	1043:1063	the lipid composition	1043:1063	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	3	48	theme	different	435:443	arg1	concentrations					445:458	different concentrations	435:458	different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD)	435:489	To this end, primary human neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of methy-β-cyclodetxrin (MβCD) to reduce cholesterol level in the cell.
25172775	7	49	theme	mass	960:963	arg1	spectrometry					965:976	mass spectrometry	960:976	mass spectrometry	960:976	The identities of lipids separated by HPTLC were confirmed by mass spectrometry.
25172775	2	50	theme	study	303:307	arg1	objective					285:293	The objective	281:293	The objective of this study	281:307	The objective of this study was to investigate the role of cholesterol in the formation of NETs.
25172775	8	51	theme	cholesterol	1084:1094	arg1	percentage					1070:1079	The percentage	1066:1079	The percentage of cholesterol in the cell	1066:1106	Treatment of neutrophils with MβCD revealed distinct changes in the lipid composition: The percentage of cholesterol in the cell was significantly reduced; other lipids as sphingomyelin were only slightly affected.
25172775	9	52	theme	sphingomyelin-degrading	1234:1256	arg1	sphingomyelinase					1258:1273	sphingomyelin-degrading sphingomyelinase	1234:1273	sphingomyelin-degrading sphingomyelinase	1234:1273	Interestingly, neutrophils treated with sphingomyelin-degrading sphingomyelinase also showed significant release of NETs.
25172775	10	53	theme	NETs	1395:1398	arg1	formation					1382:1390	formation	1382:1390	formation of NETs	1382:1398	In conclusion, this study shows that lipid alterations facilitate formation of NETs.
25172775	6	54	theme	lipid	794:798	arg1	composition					800:810	the lipid composition	790:810	the lipid composition of the cells	790:823	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	4	55	theme	NETs	549:552	arg1	formation					536:544	The formation	532:544	The formation of NETs	532:552	The formation of NETs was studied using immunofluorescence microscopy and Picogreen-quantification of released dsDNA.
25172775	6	56	from	effect	772:777	arg1	composition					800:810	the lipid composition	790:810	the lipid composition of the cells	790:823	The effect of MβCD on the lipid composition of the cells was determined using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC).
25172775	10	57	theme	lipid	1353:1357	arg1	alterations					1359:1369	lipid alterations	1353:1369	lipid alterations	1353:1369	In conclusion, this study shows that lipid alterations facilitate formation of NETs.
24747005	0	0	theme	starvation	88:97	arg1	conditions					74:83	conditions	74:83	conditions of starvation and stress	74:108	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	2	1	theme	cancer	485:490	arg1	etiology					432:439	the etiology	428:439	the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer	428:490	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	3	2	theme	antibody	497:504	arg1	CTD110.6					506:513	The antibody CTD110.6	493:513	The antibody CTD110.6	493:513	The antibody CTD110.6 is often used to detect changes in the O-GlcNAc modification.
24747005	6	3	theme	cellular	976:983	arg1	stressors					985:993	other cellular stressors	970:993	other cellular stressors	970:993	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	2	4	theme	stress	371:376	arg1	response					378:385	the cellular stress response	358:385	the cellular stress response	358:385	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	6	5	theme	other	970:974	arg1	stressors					985:993	other cellular stressors	970:993	other cellular stressors	970:993	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	0	6	theme	stress	103:108	arg1	conditions					74:83	conditions	74:83	conditions of starvation and stress	74:108	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	9	7	theme	fetal	1635:1639	arg1	serum					1648:1652	fetal bovine serum	1635:1652	fetal bovine serum	1635:1652	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	5	8	theme	N-linked	868:875	arg1	N					877:877	N-linked N	868:877	N-linked N	868:877	In this study, we have addressed two questions: (1) Which other antibodies used to detect O-GlcNAc cross-react with N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose?
24747005	5	8	theme	N-linked	868:875	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					879:899	N'-diacetylchitobiose	879:899	N'-diacetylchitobiose	879:899	In this study, we have addressed two questions: (1) Which other antibodies used to detect O-GlcNAc cross-react with N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose?
24747005	3	9	from	changes	539:545	arg1	modification					563:574	the O-GlcNAc modification	550:574	the O-GlcNAc modification	550:574	The antibody CTD110.6 is often used to detect changes in the O-GlcNAc modification.
24747005	7	10	theme	antibodies	1168:1177	arg1	variety					1139:1145	a variety	1137:1145	a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1137:1177	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	7	10	theme	antibodies	1168:1177	arg1	antibodies					1168:1177	O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1150:1177	O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1150:1177	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	9	11	theme	bovine	1641:1646	arg1	serum					1648:1652	fetal bovine serum	1635:1652	fetal bovine serum	1635:1652	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	12	theme	O-GlcNAc	1505:1512	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	12	theme	O-GlcNAc	1505:1512	arg1	induction					1556:1564	the induction	1552:1564	the induction of N-linked N	1552:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	12	theme	O-GlcNAc	1505:1512	arg1	N					1527:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	7	13	theme	O-GlcNAc-specific	1150:1166	arg1	antibodies					1168:1177	O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1150:1177	O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1150:1177	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	2	14	theme	cellular	362:369	arg1	response					378:385	the cellular stress response	358:385	the cellular stress response	358:385	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	9	15	theme	serum	1648:1652	arg1	removal					1624:1630	the removal	1620:1630	the removal of fetal bovine serum	1620:1652	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	8	16	theme	osmotic	1233:1239	arg1	stress					1241:1246	osmotic stress	1233:1246	osmotic stress	1233:1246	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	1	17	theme	mitochondrial	165:177	arg1	proteins					179:186	nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins	139:186	nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins	139:186	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	2	18	theme	type	463:466	arg1	diabetes					471:478	type II diabetes	463:478	type II diabetes	463:478	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	1	19	link	O-linked	191:198	arg1	O-GlcNAc					226:233	O-GlcNAc	226:233	O-GlcNAc	226:233	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	1	19	link	O-linked	191:198	arg1	β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine					200:223	O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine	191:223	O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc)	191:234	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	1	20	theme	proteins	179:186	arg1	modification					123:134	The dynamic modification	111:134	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc)	111:234	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	7	21	theme	variety	1139:1145	arg1	specificity					1122:1132	the specificity	1118:1132	the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1118:1177	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	9	22	from	induction	1487:1495	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	22	from	induction	1487:1495	arg1	induction					1556:1564	the induction	1552:1564	the induction of N-linked N	1552:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	22	from	induction	1487:1495	arg1	N					1527:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	3	23	theme	O-GlcNAc	554:561	arg1	modification					563:574	the O-GlcNAc modification	550:574	the O-GlcNAc modification	550:574	The antibody CTD110.6 is often used to detect changes in the O-GlcNAc modification.
24747005	2	24	theme	neurodegeneration	444:460	arg1	etiology					432:439	the etiology	428:439	the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer	428:490	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	8	25	theme	heat	1221:1224	arg1	shock					1226:1230	heat shock	1221:1230	heat shock	1221:1230	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	4	26	theme	glucose	731:737	arg1	deprivation					739:749	severe glucose deprivation	724:749	severe glucose deprivation	724:749	Recently, it has been demonstrated that CTD110.6 recognizes N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, which is thought to accumulate in cells experiencing severe glucose deprivation.
24747005	2	27	theme	cell	395:398	arg1	cycle					400:404	the cell cycle	391:404	the cell cycle	391:404	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	0	28	theme	specificity	24:34	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies	0:66	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	8	29	dep	demonstrated	1203:1214	arg1	Using					1180:1184	Using	1180:1184	Using this workflow	1180:1198	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	9	30	link	N-linked	1518:1525	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	30	link	N-linked	1518:1525	arg1	induction					1556:1564	the induction	1552:1564	the induction of N-linked N	1552:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	30	link	N-linked	1518:1525	arg1	N					1527:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	7	31	dep	O-GlcNAc	1017:1024	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1041:1061	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1041:1061	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1041:1061	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	7	31	dep	O-GlcNAc	1017:1024	arg1	N					1039:1039	N	1039:1039	N	1039:1039	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	8	32	theme	ATP	1337:1339	arg1	depletion					1341:1349	ATP depletion	1337:1349	ATP depletion	1337:1349	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	6	33	dep	Does	906:909	arg1	2					903:903	2	903:903	2	903:903	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	8	34	theme	DNA	1297:1299	arg1	damage					1301:1306	DNA damage	1297:1306	DNA damage	1297:1306	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	5	35	theme	other	810:814	arg1	antibodies					816:825	other antibodies	810:825	other antibodies used to detect O-GlcNAc	810:849	In this study, we have addressed two questions: (1) Which other antibodies used to detect O-GlcNAc cross-react with N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose?
24747005	0	36	theme	O-GlcNAc	39:46	arg1	antibodies					57:66	O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies	39:66	O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies	39:66	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	1	37	theme	analogous	294:302	arg1	manner					287:292	a manner	285:292	a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation	285:329	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	9	38	theme	glucose	1453:1459	arg1	deprivation					1461:1471	glucose deprivation	1453:1471	glucose deprivation	1453:1471	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	39	theme	N-linked	1569:1576	arg1	N					1578:1578	N-linked N	1569:1578	N-linked N	1569:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	1	40	theme	O-linked	191:198	arg1	O-GlcNAc					226:233	O-GlcNAc	226:233	O-GlcNAc	226:233	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	1	40	theme	O-linked	191:198	arg1	β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine					200:223	O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine	191:223	O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc)	191:234	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	8	41	theme	endoplasmic	1249:1259	arg1	stress					1271:1276	endoplasmic reticulum stress	1249:1276	endoplasmic reticulum stress	1249:1276	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	2	42	theme	diabetes	471:478	arg1	etiology					432:439	the etiology	428:439	the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer	428:490	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	5	43	link	N-linked	868:875	arg1	N					877:877	N-linked N	868:877	N-linked N	868:877	In this study, we have addressed two questions: (1) Which other antibodies used to detect O-GlcNAc cross-react with N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose?
24747005	5	43	link	N-linked	868:875	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					879:899	N'-diacetylchitobiose	879:899	N'-diacetylchitobiose	879:899	In this study, we have addressed two questions: (1) Which other antibodies used to detect O-GlcNAc cross-react with N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose?
24747005	9	44	theme	N	1578:1578	arg1	induction					1556:1564	the induction	1552:1564	the induction of N-linked N	1552:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	44	theme	N	1578:1578	arg1	N					1527:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	4	45	theme	N-linked	637:644	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					648:668	N'-diacetylchitobiose	648:668	N'-diacetylchitobiose	648:668	Recently, it has been demonstrated that CTD110.6 recognizes N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, which is thought to accumulate in cells experiencing severe glucose deprivation.
24747005	4	45	theme	N-linked	637:644	arg1	N					646:646	N-linked N	637:646	N-linked N	637:646	Recently, it has been demonstrated that CTD110.6 recognizes N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, which is thought to accumulate in cells experiencing severe glucose deprivation.
24747005	0	46	theme	antibodies	57:66	arg1	specificity					24:34	the specificity	20:34	the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies	20:66	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	1	47	theme	protein	307:313	arg1	phosphorylation					315:329	protein phosphorylation	307:329	protein phosphorylation	307:329	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	8	48	theme	proteasomal	1309:1319	arg1	inhibition					1321:1330	proteasomal inhibition	1309:1330	proteasomal inhibition	1309:1330	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	8	49	theme	N-linked	1382:1389	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1393:1413	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1393:1413	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1393:1413	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	8	49	theme	N-linked	1382:1389	arg1	N					1391:1391	N-linked N	1382:1391	N-linked N	1382:1391	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	1	50	theme	dynamic	115:121	arg1	modification					123:134	The dynamic modification	111:134	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc)	111:234	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	0	51	theme	reactive	48:55	arg1	antibodies					57:66	O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies	39:66	O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies	39:66	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	6	52	dep	N'-diacetylchitobiose	922:942	arg1	accumulate					944:953	accumulate	944:953	accumulate in response to other cellular stressors	944:993	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	8	53	theme	reticulum	1261:1269	arg1	stress					1271:1276	endoplasmic reticulum stress	1249:1276	endoplasmic reticulum stress	1249:1276	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	6	54	link	N-linked	911:918	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					922:942	N'-diacetylchitobiose	922:942	N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors	922:993	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	6	54	link	N-linked	911:918	arg1	N					920:920	N-linked N	911:920	N-linked N	911:920	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	2	55	gly	O-GlcNAcylation	332:346	arg1	etiology					432:439	the etiology	428:439	the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer	428:490	O-GlcNAcylation regulates the cellular stress response and the cell cycle, and is implicated in the etiology of neurodegeneration, type II diabetes, and cancer.
24747005	4	56	theme	severe	724:729	arg1	deprivation					739:749	severe glucose deprivation	724:749	severe glucose deprivation	724:749	Recently, it has been demonstrated that CTD110.6 recognizes N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, which is thought to accumulate in cells experiencing severe glucose deprivation.
24747005	8	57	link	N-linked	1382:1389	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1393:1413	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1393:1413	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1393:1413	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	8	57	link	N-linked	1382:1389	arg1	N					1391:1391	N-linked N	1382:1391	N-linked N	1382:1391	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	9	58	theme	N-linked	1518:1525	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	N'-diacetylchitobiose	1529:1549	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	58	theme	N-linked	1518:1525	arg1	induction					1556:1564	the induction	1552:1564	the induction of N-linked N	1552:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	9	58	theme	N-linked	1518:1525	arg1	N					1527:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N	1500:1527	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	4	59	link	N-linked	637:644	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					648:668	N'-diacetylchitobiose	648:668	N'-diacetylchitobiose	648:668	Recently, it has been demonstrated that CTD110.6 recognizes N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, which is thought to accumulate in cells experiencing severe glucose deprivation.
24747005	4	59	link	N-linked	637:644	arg1	N					646:646	N-linked N	637:646	N-linked N	637:646	Recently, it has been demonstrated that CTD110.6 recognizes N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, which is thought to accumulate in cells experiencing severe glucose deprivation.
24747005	1	60	theme	nuclear	139:145	arg1	proteins					179:186	nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins	139:186	nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins	139:186	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	8	61	theme	oxidative	1279:1287	arg1	stress					1289:1294	oxidative stress	1279:1294	oxidative stress	1279:1294	Using this workflow we demonstrated that heat shock, osmotic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage, proteasomal inhibition, and ATP depletion induce O-GlcNAcylation but not N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose.
24747005	7	62	used	used	1102:1105	arg2	workflow					1079:1086	a workflow	1077:1086	a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies	1077:1177	To delineate between O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, we developed a workflow that has been used to confirm the specificity of a variety of O-GlcNAc-specific antibodies.
24747005	3	63	used	used	524:527	arg2	CTD110.6					506:513	The antibody CTD110.6	493:513	The antibody CTD110.6	493:513	The antibody CTD110.6 is often used to detect changes in the O-GlcNAc modification.
24747005	9	64	link	N-linked	1569:1576	arg1	N					1578:1578	N-linked N	1569:1578	N-linked N	1569:1578	Moreover, we demonstrated that while glucose deprivation results in an induction in both O-GlcNAc and N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, the induction of N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is exacerbated by the removal of fetal bovine serum.
24747005	0	65	dep	Characterization	0:15	arg1	conditions					74:83	conditions	74:83	conditions of starvation and stress	74:108	Characterization of the specificity of O-GlcNAc reactive antibodies under conditions of starvation and stress.
24747005	1	66	theme	cytoplasmic	148:158	arg1	proteins					179:186	nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins	139:186	nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins	139:186	The dynamic modification of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has been shown to regulate over 3000 proteins in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation.
24747005	6	67	theme	N-linked	911:918	arg1	N'-diacetylchitobiose					922:942	N'-diacetylchitobiose	922:942	N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors	922:993	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
24747005	6	67	theme	N-linked	911:918	arg1	N					920:920	N-linked N	911:920	N-linked N	911:920	(2) Does N-linked N,N'-diacetylchitobiose accumulate in response to other cellular stressors?
25056822	8	0	dep	HF1	948:950	arg1	offspring					960:968	offspring	960:968	offspring	960:968	HF1 and HP1 offspring had decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide compared with C1.
25056822	11	1	theme	maternal	1240:1247	arg1	diet					1249:1252	maternal diet	1240:1252	maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation	1240:1283	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	11	2	from	protein	1212:1218	arg1	diet					1249:1252	maternal diet	1240:1252	maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation	1240:1283	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	0	3	theme	gut	89:91	arg1	microbiota					93:102	gut microbiota	89:102	gut microbiota	89:102	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	6	4	theme	22	808:809	arg1	weeks					811:815	5 and 22 weeks	802:815	weeks	811:815	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	11	5	from	content	1229:1235	arg1	diet					1249:1252	maternal diet	1240:1252	maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation	1240:1283	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	2	6	from	composition	341:351	arg1	offspring					388:396	offspring	388:396	offspring	388:396	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	2	6	from	composition	341:351	arg1	dams					379:382	rat dams	375:382	rat dams	375:382	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	4	7	theme	age	633:635	arg1	weeks					624:628	14.5 to 22.5 weeks	611:628	14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age	611:635	Pups were challenged with a high-fat/sucrose diet from 14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age.
25056822	11	8	theme	gut	1374:1376	arg1	microbiota					1378:1387	gut microbiota	1374:1387	gut microbiota	1374:1387	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	9	9	theme	age	1092:1094	arg1	weeks					1070:1074	5 weeks	1068:1074	5 weeks	1068:1074	Offspring sex, maternal diet, and time (5 weeks vs. 22 weeks of age) affected the microbial groups examined.
25056822	0	10	theme	rat	107:109	arg1	dams					111:114	rat dams	107:114	rat dams	107:114	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	7	11	theme	Maternal	866:873	arg1	milk					875:878	RESULTS Maternal milk	858:878	RESULTS Maternal milk	858:878	RESULTS Maternal milk differed only in OS content, each diet group being distinguishable.
25056822	4	12	from	weeks	624:628	arg1	diet					601:604	a high-fat/sucrose diet	582:604	a high-fat/sucrose diet from 14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age	582:635	Pups were challenged with a high-fat/sucrose diet from 14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age.
25056822	11	13	theme	milk	1294:1297	arg1	content					1302:1308	milk OS content	1294:1308	milk OS content	1294:1308	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	6	14	theme	5	802:802	arg1	weeks					811:815	5 and 22 weeks	802:815	weeks	811:815	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	10	15	dep	HF	1166:1167	arg1	dams					1169:1172	dams	1169:1172	dams	1169:1172	Bifidobacteria was higher in HF dams and offspring.
25056822	10	15	dep	HF	1166:1167	arg1	HF					1166:1167	HF dams and offspring	1166:1186	HF dams and offspring	1166:1186	Bifidobacteria was higher in HF dams and offspring.
25056822	10	15	dep	HF	1166:1167	arg1	offspring					1178:1186	offspring	1178:1186	offspring	1178:1186	Bifidobacteria was higher in HF dams and offspring.
25056822	7	16	theme	RESULTS	858:864	arg1	milk					875:878	RESULTS Maternal milk	858:878	RESULTS Maternal milk	858:878	RESULTS Maternal milk differed only in OS content, each diet group being distinguishable.
25056822	11	17	theme	fiber	1223:1227	arg1	content					1229:1235	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content	1189:1235	content	1229:1235	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	1	18	theme	OBJECTIVE	137:145	arg1	microbiota					160:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota	137:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota	137:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota and milk composition could modify offspring microbiota and therefore disease susceptibility.
25056822	11	19	theme	gut	1314:1316	arg1	microbiota					1318:1327	gut microbiota	1314:1327	gut microbiota	1314:1327	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	1	20	theme	milk	175:178	arg1	composition					180:190	milk composition	175:190	milk composition	175:190	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota and milk composition could modify offspring microbiota and therefore disease susceptibility.
25056822	3	21	theme	METHODS	412:418	arg1	dams					431:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams	412:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams	412:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	6	22	theme	Fecal	705:709	arg1	microbiota					711:720	Fecal microbiota	705:720	Fecal microbiota	705:720	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	3	23	theme	%	501:501	arg1	wt/wt					503:507	21.6% wt/wt	497:507	21.6% wt/wt	497:507	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	3	23	theme	%	501:501	arg1	high-prebiotic-fiber					475:494	high-prebiotic-fiber	475:494	high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF)	475:513	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	11	24	theme	OS	1299:1300	arg1	content					1302:1308	milk OS content	1294:1308	milk OS content	1294:1308	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	11	25	theme	Increasing	1201:1210	arg1	protein					1212:1218	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content	1189:1235	protein	1212:1218	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	6	26	from	weeks	811:815	arg1	offspring					789:797	offspring	789:797	offspring at 5 and 22 weeks	789:815	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	8	27	contain	had	970:972	arg1	HF1					948:950	HF1	948:950	HF1	948:950	HF1 and HP1 offspring had decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide compared with C1.
25056822	8	27	contain	had	970:972	arg2	lipopolysaccharide					991:1008	decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide	974:1008	decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide	974:1008	HF1 and HP1 offspring had decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide compared with C1.
25056822	8	27	contain	had	970:972	arg1	HP1					956:958	HP1	956:958	HP1	956:958	HF1 and HP1 offspring had decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide compared with C1.
25056822	2	28	from	microbiota	361:370	arg1	offspring					388:396	offspring	388:396	offspring	388:396	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	2	28	from	microbiota	361:370	arg1	dams					379:382	rat dams	375:382	rat dams	375:382	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	2	29	theme	maternal	327:334	arg1	composition					341:351	maternal milk composition	327:351	maternal milk composition	327:351	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	2	30	dep	high-protein	287:298	arg1	diets					318:322	diets	318:322	diets	318:322	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	7	31	dep	differed	880:887	arg1	distinguishable					931:945	distinguishable	931:945	distinguishable	931:945	RESULTS Maternal milk differed only in OS content, each diet group being distinguishable.
25056822	11	32	theme	dams	1332:1335	arg1	content					1302:1308	milk OS content	1294:1308	milk OS content	1294:1308	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	11	32	theme	dams	1332:1335	arg1	microbiota					1318:1327	gut microbiota	1314:1327	gut microbiota	1314:1327	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	0	33	theme	high-prebiotic-fiber	25:44	arg1	diets					46:50	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets	0:50	diets	46:50	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	4	34	dep	22.5	619:622	arg1	to					616:617	to	616:617	to	616:617	Pups were challenged with a high-fat/sucrose diet from 14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age.
25056822	5	35	theme	Dam	638:640	arg1	milk					642:645	Dam milk	638:645	Dam milk	638:645	Dam milk was analyzed for fat, protein, and oligosaccharides (OS).
25056822	2	36	from	effect	268:273	arg1	composition					341:351	maternal milk composition	327:351	maternal milk composition	327:351	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	2	36	from	effect	268:273	arg1	microbiota					361:370	gut microbiota	357:370	gut microbiota	357:370	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	1	37	theme	offspring	205:213	arg1	microbiota					215:224	offspring microbiota	205:224	offspring microbiota	205:224	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota and milk composition could modify offspring microbiota and therefore disease susceptibility.
25056822	11	38	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1189:1199	arg1	protein					1212:1218	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content	1189:1235	protein	1212:1218	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	6	39	from	termination	845:855	arg1	digesta					834:840	cecal digesta	828:840	cecal digesta at termination	828:855	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	0	40	from	microbiota	93:102	arg1	dams					111:114	rat dams	107:114	rat dams	107:114	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	0	40	from	microbiota	93:102	arg1	offspring					126:134	their offspring	120:134	their offspring	120:134	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	2	41	theme	prebiotic	308:316	arg1	effect					268:273	The effect	264:273	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring	264:396	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	3	42	theme	Wistar	420:425	arg1	dams					431:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams	412:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams	412:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	8	43	theme	plasma	984:989	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					991:1008	decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide	974:1008	decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide	974:1008	HF1 and HP1 offspring had decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide compared with C1.
25056822	6	44	theme	post-partum	770:780	arg1	weeks					764:768	2 weeks post-partum	762:780	2 weeks post-partum	762:780	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	3	45	theme	rat	427:429	arg1	dams					431:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams	412:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams	412:434	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	8	46	theme	decreased	974:982	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					991:1008	decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide	974:1008	decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide	974:1008	HF1 and HP1 offspring had decreased plasma lipopolysaccharide compared with C1.
25056822	6	47	from	parturition	746:756	arg1	dams					738:741	dams	738:741	dams at parturition	738:756	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	4	48	theme	high-fat/sucrose	584:599	arg1	diet					601:604	a high-fat/sucrose diet	582:604	a high-fat/sucrose diet from 14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age	582:635	Pups were challenged with a high-fat/sucrose diet from 14.5 to 22.5 weeks of age.
25056822	0	49	theme	milk	68:71	arg1	composition					73:83	maternal milk composition	59:83	maternal milk composition	59:83	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	0	50	from	composition	73:83	arg1	dams					111:114	rat dams	107:114	rat dams	107:114	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	0	50	from	composition	73:83	arg1	offspring					126:134	their offspring	120:134	their offspring	120:134	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	9	51	theme	Offspring	1028:1036	arg1	sex					1038:1040	Offspring sex	1028:1040	Offspring sex	1028:1040	Offspring sex, maternal diet, and time (5 weeks vs. 22 weeks of age) affected the microbial groups examined.
25056822	2	52	theme	gut	357:359	arg1	microbiota					361:370	gut microbiota	357:370	gut microbiota	357:370	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	0	53	theme	maternal	59:66	arg1	composition					73:83	maternal milk composition	59:83	maternal milk composition	59:83	Maternal high-protein or high-prebiotic-fiber diets affect maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and their offspring.
25056822	6	54	theme	cecal	828:832	arg1	digesta					834:840	cecal digesta	828:840	cecal digesta at termination	828:855	Fecal microbiota was analyzed in dams at parturition and 2 weeks post-partum and in offspring at 5 and 22 weeks along with cecal digesta at termination.
25056822	9	55	theme	microbial	1110:1118	arg1	groups					1120:1125	the microbial groups	1106:1125	the microbial groups examined	1106:1134	Offspring sex, maternal diet, and time (5 weeks vs. 22 weeks of age) affected the microbial groups examined.
25056822	1	56	theme	gut	156:158	arg1	microbiota					160:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota	137:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota	137:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota and milk composition could modify offspring microbiota and therefore disease susceptibility.
25056822	7	57	theme	OS	897:898	arg1	content					900:906	OS content	897:906	OS content	897:906	RESULTS Maternal milk differed only in OS content, each diet group being distinguishable.
25056822	7	58	theme	diet	914:917	arg1	group					919:923	each diet group	909:923	each diet group	909:923	RESULTS Maternal milk differed only in OS content, each diet group being distinguishable.
25056822	3	59	dep	control	447:453	arg1	diet					515:518	diet	515:518	diet	515:518	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	2	60	theme	high-protein	287:298	arg1	effect					268:273	The effect	264:273	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring	264:396	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	1	61	theme	disease	240:246	arg1	susceptibility					248:261	disease susceptibility	240:261	disease susceptibility	240:261	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota and milk composition could modify offspring microbiota and therefore disease susceptibility.
25056822	9	62	theme	maternal	1043:1050	arg1	diet					1052:1055	maternal diet	1043:1055	maternal diet	1043:1055	Offspring sex, maternal diet, and time (5 weeks vs. 22 weeks of age) affected the microbial groups examined.
25056822	2	63	theme	milk	336:339	arg1	composition					341:351	maternal milk composition	327:351	maternal milk composition	327:351	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
25056822	9	64	dep	time	1062:1065	arg1	weeks					1070:1074	5 weeks	1068:1074	5 weeks	1068:1074	Offspring sex, maternal diet, and time (5 weeks vs. 22 weeks of age) affected the microbial groups examined.
25056822	9	64	dep	time	1062:1065	arg1	weeks					1083:1087	22 weeks	1080:1087	22 weeks	1080:1087	Offspring sex, maternal diet, and time (5 weeks vs. 22 weeks of age) affected the microbial groups examined.
25056822	11	65	theme	microbiota	1378:1387	arg1	establishment					1357:1369	establishment	1357:1369	establishment of gut microbiota	1357:1387	CONCLUSIONS Increasing protein or fiber content in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation modifies milk OS content and gut microbiota of dams which may influence establishment of gut microbiota in offspring.
25056822	1	66	theme	Maternal	147:154	arg1	microbiota					160:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota	137:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota	137:169	OBJECTIVE Maternal gut microbiota and milk composition could modify offspring microbiota and therefore disease susceptibility.
25056822	3	67	theme	%	462:462	arg1	wt/wt					464:468	40% wt/wt	460:468	40% wt/wt	460:468	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	3	67	theme	%	462:462	arg1	HP					456:457	HP	456:457	HP (40% wt/wt)	456:469	METHODS Wistar rat dams were fed a control, HP (40% wt/wt), or high-prebiotic-fiber (21.6% wt/wt) (HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation.
25056822	2	68	theme	rat	375:377	arg1	dams					379:382	rat dams	375:382	rat dams	375:382	The effect of maternal high-protein (HP) or prebiotic diets on maternal milk composition and gut microbiota in rat dams and offspring was examined.
28327452	2	0	located	observed	395:402	arg2	composition					356:366	composition	356:366	composition	356:366	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	0	located	observed	395:402	arg1	spectroscopy					466:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	0	located	observed	395:402	arg2	morphology					341:350	morphology	341:350	morphology	341:350	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	0	located	observed	395:402	arg1	microscopy					440:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy	407:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	407:457	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	0	located	observed	395:402	arg1	FESEM					452:456	FESEM	452:456	FESEM	452:456	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	0	located	observed	395:402	arg1	fourier					483:489	fourier	483:489	fourier transform infrared	483:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	1	dep	fourier	483:489	arg1	transform					491:499	transform	491:499	transform infrared	491:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	2	theme	film	385:388	arg1	composition					356:366	composition	356:366	composition	356:366	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	2	theme	film	385:388	arg1	morphology					341:350	morphology	341:350	morphology	341:350	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	4	3	theme	low	774:776	arg1	limit					788:792	low detection limit	774:792	low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability	774:895	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	4	theme	optimal	603:609	arg1	conditions					611:620	the optimal conditions	599:620	the optimal conditions	599:620	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	0	5	theme	graphene	90:97	arg1	amplification					99:111	graphene amplification	90:111	graphene amplification	90:111	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan based on molecularly imprinted polymers with graphene amplification.
28327452	1	6	theme	L-5-hydroxytryptophan	184:204	arg1	determination					167:179	the determination	163:179	the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE)	163:334	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	4	7	from	range	697:701	arg1	linear					669:674	linear	669:674	linear	669:674	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	7	from	range	697:701	arg1	currents					632:639	the peak currents	623:639	the peak currents of L-5-HIP	623:650	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	5	8	with	L-5-HTP	1032:1038	arg1	recoveries					1081:1090	a satisfactory recoveries	1066:1090	a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%	1066:1119	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	2	9	theme	imprinted	375:383	arg1	film					385:388	the imprinted film	371:388	the imprinted film	371:388	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	5	10	theme	L-5-HTP	1032:1038	arg1	detection					1019:1027	the detection	1015:1027	the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%	1015:1119	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	4	11	theme	great	751:755	arg1	limit					788:792	low detection limit	774:792	low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability	774:895	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	11	theme	great	751:755	arg1	features					757:764	great features	751:764	great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability	751:962	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	2	12	dep	transform	491:499	arg1	infrared					501:508	infrared	501:508	transform infrared	491:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	4	13	theme	0.05-7.0 μM	706:716	arg1	range					697:701	the concentration range	679:701	the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM	679:716	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	1	14	theme	glassy	299:304	arg1	GR-MIP/GCE					324:333	GR-MIP/GCE	324:333	GR-MIP/GCE	324:333	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	1	14	theme	glassy	299:304	arg1	electrode					313:321	glassy carbon electrode	299:321	glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE)	299:334	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	0	15	with	polymers	76:83	arg1	amplification					99:111	graphene amplification	90:111	graphene amplification	90:111	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan based on molecularly imprinted polymers with graphene amplification.
28327452	3	16	theme	sensor	540:545	arg1	properties					522:531	The properties	518:531	The properties of the sensor	518:545	The properties of the sensor were evaluated by electrochemical techniques.
28327452	2	17	theme	scanning	422:429	arg1	fourier					483:489	fourier	483:489	fourier transform infrared	483:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	17	theme	scanning	422:429	arg1	microscopy					440:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy	407:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	407:457	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	17	theme	scanning	422:429	arg1	spectroscopy					466:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	17	theme	scanning	422:429	arg1	FESEM					452:456	FESEM	452:456	FESEM	452:456	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	18	theme	raman	460:464	arg1	microscopy					440:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy	407:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	407:457	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	18	theme	raman	460:464	arg1	spectroscopy					466:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	18	theme	raman	460:464	arg1	FTIR					511:514	FTIR	511:514	FTIR	511:514	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	4	19	theme	peak	627:630	arg1	linear					669:674	linear	669:674	linear	669:674	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	19	theme	peak	627:630	arg1	currents					632:639	the peak currents	623:639	the peak currents of L-5-HIP	623:650	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	2	20	theme	emission	413:420	arg1	fourier					483:489	fourier	483:489	fourier transform infrared	483:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	20	theme	emission	413:420	arg1	microscopy					440:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy	407:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	407:457	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	20	theme	emission	413:420	arg1	spectroscopy					466:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	20	theme	emission	413:420	arg1	FESEM					452:456	FESEM	452:456	FESEM	452:456	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	4	21	theme	structural	846:855	arg1	analogues					857:865	the structural analogues	842:865	the structural analogues	842:865	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	2	22	theme	field	407:411	arg1	fourier					483:489	fourier	483:489	fourier transform infrared	483:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	22	theme	field	407:411	arg1	microscopy					440:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy	407:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	407:457	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	22	theme	field	407:411	arg1	spectroscopy					466:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	22	theme	field	407:411	arg1	FESEM					452:456	FESEM	452:456	FESEM	452:456	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	0	23	theme	Sensitive	0:8	arg1	detection					10:18	Sensitive detection	0:18	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan	0:43	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan based on molecularly imprinted polymers with graphene amplification.
28327452	1	24	theme	carbon	306:311	arg1	GR-MIP/GCE					324:333	GR-MIP/GCE	324:333	GR-MIP/GCE	324:333	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	1	24	theme	carbon	306:311	arg1	electrode					313:321	glassy carbon electrode	299:321	glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE)	299:334	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	5	25	from	L-5-HTP	1032:1038	arg1	serum					1055:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	0	26	theme	L-5-hydroxytryptophan	23:43	arg1	detection					10:18	Sensitive detection	0:18	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan	0:43	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan based on molecularly imprinted polymers with graphene amplification.
28327452	1	27	theme	electrode	313:321	arg1	surface					288:294	the surface	284:294	the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE)	284:334	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	4	28	theme	excellent	926:934	arg1	repeatability					936:948	excellent repeatability	926:948	excellent repeatability	926:948	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	1	29	theme	novel	116:120	arg1	sensor					138:143	A novel electrochemical sensor	114:143	A novel electrochemical sensor	114:143	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	4	30	theme	detection	778:786	arg1	limit					788:792	low detection limit	774:792	low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability	774:895	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	1	31	theme	electrochemical	122:136	arg1	sensor					138:143	A novel electrochemical sensor	114:143	A novel electrochemical sensor	114:143	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	5	32	from	detection	1019:1027	arg1	serum					1055:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	4	33	theme	L-5-HIP	644:650	arg1	linear					669:674	linear	669:674	linear	669:674	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	33	theme	L-5-HIP	644:650	arg1	currents					632:639	the peak currents	623:639	the peak currents of L-5-HIP	623:650	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	5	34	theme	satisfactory	1068:1079	arg1	recoveries					1081:1090	a satisfactory recoveries	1066:1090	a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%	1066:1119	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	1	35	theme	graphene-chitosan	227:243	arg1	film					267:270	a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film	225:270	a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE)	225:334	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	2	36	theme	electron	431:438	arg1	fourier					483:489	fourier	483:489	fourier transform infrared	483:508	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	36	theme	electron	431:438	arg1	microscopy					440:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy	407:449	field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)	407:457	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	36	theme	electron	431:438	arg1	spectroscopy					466:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	raman spectroscopy	460:477	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	2	36	theme	electron	431:438	arg1	FESEM					452:456	FESEM	452:456	FESEM	452:456	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	0	37	theme	imprinted	66:74	arg1	polymers					76:83	molecularly imprinted polymers	54:83	molecularly imprinted polymers with graphene amplification	54:111	Sensitive detection of L-5-hydroxytryptophan based on molecularly imprinted polymers with graphene amplification.
28327452	4	38	theme	superb	815:820	arg1	6.0 nM 					797:803	6.0 nM 	797:803	6.0 nM (S/N = 3)	797:812	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	38	theme	superb	815:820	arg1	selectivity					822:832	superb selectivity	815:832	superb selectivity against the structural analogues	815:865	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	5	39	theme	human	1043:1047	arg1	serum					1055:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	4	40	theme	antidisturbance	873:887	arg1	6.0 nM 					797:803	6.0 nM 	797:803	6.0 nM (S/N = 3)	797:812	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	40	theme	antidisturbance	873:887	arg1	ability					889:895	good antidisturbance ability	868:895	good antidisturbance ability	868:895	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	5	41	theme	blood	1049:1053	arg1	serum					1055:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	human blood serum	1043:1059	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	2	42	dep	morphology	341:350	arg1	The					337:339	The	337:339	The	337:339	The morphology and composition of the imprinted film were observed in field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), raman spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
28327452	3	43	theme	electrochemical	565:579	arg1	techniques					581:590	electrochemical techniques	565:590	electrochemical techniques	565:590	The properties of the sensor were evaluated by electrochemical techniques.
28327452	1	44	theme	imprinted	257:265	arg1	film					267:270	a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film	225:270	a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE)	225:334	A novel electrochemical sensor was presented for the determination of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) based on a graphene-chitosan molecularly imprinted film modified on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GR-MIP/GCE).
28327452	4	45	theme	coexisting	903:912	arg1	components					914:923	coexisting components	903:923	coexisting components	903:923	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	46	theme	good	868:871	arg1	6.0 nM 					797:803	6.0 nM 	797:803	6.0 nM (S/N = 3)	797:812	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	46	theme	good	868:871	arg1	ability					889:895	good antidisturbance ability	868:895	good antidisturbance ability	868:895	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	47	from	linear	669:674	arg1	range					697:701	the concentration range	679:701	the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM	679:716	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	5	48	from	serum	1055:1059	arg1	detection					1019:1027	the detection	1015:1027	the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%	1015:1119	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	5	49	theme	proposed	979:986	arg1	method					988:993	the proposed method	975:993	the proposed method	975:993	Moreover, the proposed method had been applied to the detection of L-5-HTP in human blood serum with a satisfactory recoveries ranging from 90.6% to 105.6%.
28327452	4	50	theme	6.0 nM 	797:803	arg1	limit					788:792	low detection limit	774:792	low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability	774:895	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
28327452	4	51	theme	concentration	683:695	arg1	range					697:701	the concentration range	679:701	the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM	679:716	Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of L-5-HIP were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.05-7.0 μM, while the sensor also exhibited great features such as low detection limit of 6.0 nM (S/N = 3), superb selectivity against the structural analogues, good antidisturbance ability among coexisting components, excellent repeatability and stability.
24857504	2	0	theme	polymerization/crosslinking	348:374	arg1	technique					376:384	a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique	319:384	a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique	319:384	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	5	1	from	pH7.4	944:948	arg1	solution					926:933	phosphate buffer solution	909:933	phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	909:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	1	from	pH7.4	944:948	arg1	microgels					896:904	synthesized inulin-based microgels	871:904	synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	871:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	1	from	pH7.4	944:948	arg1	PBS					936:938	PBS	936:938	PBS	936:938	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	2	2	theme	microemulsion	334:346	arg1	technique					376:384	a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique	319:384	a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique	319:384	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	5	3	theme	phosphate	909:917	arg1	solution					926:933	phosphate buffer solution	909:933	phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	909:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	3	theme	phosphate	909:917	arg1	PBS					936:938	PBS	936:938	PBS	936:938	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	1	4	theme	Inulin	45:50	arg1	microgels					87:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	1	4	theme	Inulin	45:50	arg1	devices					193:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	4	5	theme	positive	741:748	arg1	charges					750:756	positive charges	741:756	positive charges on the biopolymer	741:774	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	5	6	used	used	817:820	arg2	RA					809:810	RA	809:810	RA	809:810	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	6	used	used	817:820	arg2	acid					803:806	Rosmarinic acid	792:806	Rosmarinic acid (RA)	792:811	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	6	used	used	817:820	arg2	drug					831:834	model drug	825:834	model drug for loading and release studies	825:866	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	2	7	theme	water-in-oil	321:332	arg1	technique					376:384	a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique	319:384	a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique	319:384	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	5	8	theme	Rosmarinic	792:801	arg1	acid					803:806	Rosmarinic acid	792:806	Rosmarinic acid (RA)	792:811	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	8	theme	Rosmarinic	792:801	arg1	drug					831:834	model drug	825:834	model drug for loading and release studies	825:866	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	8	theme	Rosmarinic	792:801	arg1	RA					809:810	RA	809:810	RA	809:810	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	1	9	theme	inulin-silica	53:65	arg1	microgels					87:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	1	9	theme	inulin-silica	53:65	arg1	devices					193:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	6	10	theme	zeta	1019:1022	arg1	potential					1024:1032	zeta potential	1019:1032	zeta potential	1019:1032	It was shown that the absorption and release rate are influenced by zeta potential and porosity of the microgels.
24857504	4	11	theme	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl	646:669	arg1	CHPTMAC					700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	11	theme	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl	646:669	arg1	chloride					690:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	646:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC)	646:707	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	5	12	from	microgels	896:904	arg1	solution					926:933	phosphate buffer solution	909:933	phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	909:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	12	from	microgels	896:904	arg1	PBS					936:938	PBS	936:938	PBS	936:938	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	12	from	microgels	896:904	arg1	pH7.4					944:948	pH7.4	944:948	pH7.4	944:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	0	13	theme	Multifunctional	0:14	arg1	p					24:24	Multifunctional tunable p	0:24	Multifunctional tunable p(inulin)	0:32	Multifunctional tunable p(inulin) microgels.
24857504	0	13	theme	Multifunctional	0:14	arg1	inulin					26:31	inulin	26:31	inulin	26:31	Multifunctional tunable p(inulin) microgels.
24857504	3	14	theme	0.5M	466:469	arg1	solution					476:483	0.5M NaOH solution	466:483	0.5M NaOH solution	466:483	To generate porous inulin particles, inulin-silica particles were treated with 0.5M NaOH solution to dissolve silica particles.
24857504	0	15	theme	tunable	16:22	arg1	p					24:24	Multifunctional tunable p	0:24	Multifunctional tunable p(inulin)	0:32	Multifunctional tunable p(inulin) microgels.
24857504	0	15	theme	tunable	16:22	arg1	inulin					26:31	inulin	26:31	inulin	26:31	Multifunctional tunable p(inulin) microgels.
24857504	4	16	from	charges	750:756	arg1	biopolymer					765:774	the biopolymer	761:774	the biopolymer	761:774	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	1	17	theme	modified	71:78	arg1	inulin					80:85	modified inulin	71:85	modified inulin	71:85	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	4	18	theme	ammonium	681:688	arg1	CHPTMAC					700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	18	theme	ammonium	681:688	arg1	chloride					690:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	646:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC)	646:707	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	3	19	theme	inulin	406:411	arg1	particles					413:421	porous inulin particles	399:421	porous inulin particles	399:421	To generate porous inulin particles, inulin-silica particles were treated with 0.5M NaOH solution to dissolve silica particles.
24857504	1	20	theme	inulin	80:85	arg1	microgels					87:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	1	20	theme	inulin	80:85	arg1	devices					193:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	4	21	theme	trimethyl	671:679	arg1	CHPTMAC					700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	21	theme	trimethyl	671:679	arg1	chloride					690:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	646:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC)	646:707	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	5	22	theme	buffer	919:924	arg1	solution					926:933	phosphate buffer solution	909:933	phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	909:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	22	theme	buffer	919:924	arg1	PBS					936:938	PBS	936:938	PBS	936:938	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	4	23	theme	inulin	565:570	arg1	microgels					572:580	porous inulin microgels	558:580	porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin))	558:596	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	2	24	theme	tetraethyl	283:292	arg1	orthosilicate					294:306	tetraethyl orthosilicate	283:306	tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)	283:313	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	2	24	theme	tetraethyl	283:292	arg1	TEOS					309:312	TEOS	309:312	TEOS	309:312	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	1	25	theme	drug	179:182	arg1	microgels					87:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	1	25	theme	drug	179:182	arg1	devices					193:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	3	26	theme	inulin-silica	424:436	arg1	particles					438:446	inulin-silica particles	424:446	inulin-silica particles	424:446	To generate porous inulin particles, inulin-silica particles were treated with 0.5M NaOH solution to dissolve silica particles.
24857504	4	27	theme	porous	558:563	arg1	microgels					572:580	porous inulin microgels	558:580	porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin))	558:596	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	1	28	theme	delivery	184:191	arg1	microgels					87:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	1	28	theme	delivery	184:191	arg1	devices					193:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	2	29	theme	micro	226:230	arg1	particles					232:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles	202:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles	202:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	5	30	theme	loading	840:846	arg1	studies					860:866	loading and release studies	840:866	loading and release studies	840:866	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	3	31	theme	NaOH	471:474	arg1	solution					476:483	0.5M NaOH solution	466:483	0.5M NaOH solution	466:483	To generate porous inulin particles, inulin-silica particles were treated with 0.5M NaOH solution to dissolve silica particles.
24857504	5	32	theme	model	825:829	arg1	drug					831:834	model drug	825:834	model drug for loading and release studies	825:866	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	5	32	theme	model	825:829	arg1	acid					803:806	Rosmarinic acid	792:806	Rosmarinic acid (RA)	792:811	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	2	33	theme	composite	216:224	arg1	particles					232:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles	202:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles	202:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	6	34	theme	release	988:994	arg1	rate					996:999	release rate	988:999	release rate	988:999	It was shown that the absorption and release rate are influenced by zeta potential and porosity of the microgels.
24857504	4	35	dep	inulin	535:540	arg1	inulin					545:550	inulin	545:550	inulin	545:550	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	35	dep	inulin	535:540	arg1	p					543:543	p	543:543	p(inulin)	543:551	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	36	dep	microgels	572:580	arg1	por-p					583:587	por-p	583:587	por-p(inulin)	583:595	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	36	dep	microgels	572:580	arg1	inulin					589:594	inulin	589:594	inulin	589:594	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	2	37	theme	Inulin-silica	202:214	arg1	particles					232:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles	202:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles	202:240	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	6	38	theme	microgels	1054:1062	arg1	porosity					1038:1045	porosity	1038:1045	porosity	1038:1045	It was shown that the absorption and release rate are influenced by zeta potential and porosity of the microgels.
24857504	6	38	theme	microgels	1054:1062	arg1	potential					1024:1032	zeta potential	1019:1032	zeta potential	1019:1032	It was shown that the absorption and release rate are influenced by zeta potential and porosity of the microgels.
24857504	2	39	dep	orthosilicate	294:306	arg1	presence					271:278	presence	271:278	presence	271:278	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	2	39	dep	orthosilicate	294:306	arg1	the					267:269	the	267:269	the	267:269	Inulin-silica composite micro particles were also synthesized in the presence of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) via a water-in-oil microemulsion polymerization/crosslinking technique.
24857504	4	40	with	treatment	631:639	arg1	CHPTMAC					700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	CHPTMAC	700:706	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	4	40	with	treatment	631:639	arg1	chloride					690:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	646:697	3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC)	646:707	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	5	41	theme	inulin-based	883:894	arg1	microgels					896:904	synthesized inulin-based microgels	871:904	synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	871:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	4	42	theme	aqueous	712:718	arg1	solution					720:727	aqueous solution	712:727	aqueous solution	712:727	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	1	43	used	used	171:174	arg2	devices					193:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	drug delivery devices	179:199	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	1	43	used	used	171:174	arg2	microgels					87:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels	45:95	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	3	44	theme	silica	497:502	arg1	particles					504:512	silica particles	497:512	silica particles	497:512	To generate porous inulin particles, inulin-silica particles were treated with 0.5M NaOH solution to dissolve silica particles.
24857504	5	45	theme	synthesized	871:881	arg1	microgels					896:904	synthesized inulin-based microgels	871:904	synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4	871:948	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	1	46	theme	single	116:121	arg1	step					123:126	a single step	114:126	a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion	114:164	Inulin, inulin-silica and modified inulin microgels were prepared in a single step via crosslinking within microemulsion, and used as drug delivery devices.
24857504	5	47	theme	release	852:858	arg1	studies					860:866	loading and release studies	840:866	loading and release studies	840:866	Rosmarinic acid (RA) was used as model drug for loading and release studies by synthesized inulin-based microgels in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH7.4.
24857504	4	48	theme	virgin	528:533	arg1	inulin					535:540	virgin inulin	528:540	virgin inulin (p(inulin))	528:552	Furthermore, virgin inulin (p(inulin)) and porous inulin microgels (por-p(inulin)) were quaternized successfully by treatment with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTMAC) in aqueous solution, generating positive charges on the biopolymer as q-p(inulin).
24857504	3	49	theme	porous	399:404	arg1	particles					413:421	porous inulin particles	399:421	porous inulin particles	399:421	To generate porous inulin particles, inulin-silica particles were treated with 0.5M NaOH solution to dissolve silica particles.
27925458	5	0	theme	tumor	700:704	arg1	cell					717:720	tumor epithelial cell	700:720	tumor epithelial cell	700:720	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	1	1	theme	new	123:125	arg1	model					127:131	a new model	121:131	a new model of breast cancer	121:148	In this work, a new model of breast cancer is proposed featuring both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip.
27925458	5	2	theme	epithelial	706:715	arg1	cell					717:720	tumor epithelial cell	700:720	tumor epithelial cell	700:720	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	7	3	theme	hyaluronic	1041:1050	arg1	acid					1052:1055	hyaluronic acid	1041:1055	hyaluronic acid	1041:1055	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	3	4	theme	tumor	373:377	arg1	stroma					379:384	tumor stroma	373:384	tumor stroma	373:384	The activation of tumor stroma and its morphological/compositional changes play a key role in tumor progression.
27925458	4	5	theme	stroma	528:533	arg1	activation					508:517	the activation	504:517	the activation of tumor stroma in vitro	504:542	Despite emerging evidences, to date the activation of tumor stroma in vitro has not been achieved yet.
27925458	1	6	theme	microfluidic	222:233	arg1	chip					235:238	a microfluidic chip	220:238	a microfluidic chip	220:238	In this work, a new model of breast cancer is proposed featuring both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip.
27925458	5	7	theme	native	662:667	arg1	counterpart					669:679	its native counterpart	658:679	its native counterpart	658:679	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	8	8	theme	multiphoton	1278:1288	arg1	microscopy					1290:1299	real time multiphoton microscopy	1268:1299	real time multiphoton microscopy	1268:1299	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	2	9	theme	main	245:248	arg1	task					250:253	The main task	241:253	The main task of the work	241:265	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	2	9	theme	main	245:248	arg1	replication					283:293	the in vitro replication	270:293	the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion	270:352	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	6	10	theme	activation	918:927	arg1	process					929:935	an activation process	915:935	an activation process	915:935	During tumor epithelial invasion the stroma displayed an activation process at both cellular and ECM level.
27925458	5	11	theme	counterpart	669:679	arg1	features					646:653	the features	642:653	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	6	12	dep	cellular	945:952	arg1	level					962:966	level	962:966	level	962:966	During tumor epithelial invasion the stroma displayed an activation process at both cellular and ECM level.
27925458	8	13	theme	remodeling	1220:1229	arg1	monitoring					1197:1206	on-line monitoring	1189:1206	on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process	1189:1262	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	1	14	theme	cancer	143:148	arg1	model					127:131	a new model	121:131	a new model of breast cancer	121:148	In this work, a new model of breast cancer is proposed featuring both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip.
27925458	5	15	theme	cell-assembled	786:799	arg1	ECM					823:825	ECM	823:825	ECM	823:825	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	15	theme	cell-assembled	786:799	arg1	matrix					815:820	cell-assembled extracellular matrix	786:820	cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM)	786:826	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	0	16	theme	Tumor	88:92	arg1	Progression					94:104	Tumor Progression	88:104	Tumor Progression	88:104	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip to Replicate ECM-Activation In Vitro during Tumor Progression.
27925458	1	17	theme	breast	136:141	arg1	cancer					143:148	breast cancer	136:148	breast cancer	136:148	In this work, a new model of breast cancer is proposed featuring both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip.
27925458	0	18	theme	Engineered	3:12	arg1	Model					28:32	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model	0:32	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip	0:42	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip to Replicate ECM-Activation In Vitro during Tumor Progression.
27925458	0	19	from	Model	28:32	arg1	Chip					39:42	a Chip	37:42	a Chip	37:42	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip to Replicate ECM-Activation In Vitro during Tumor Progression.
27925458	7	20	theme	ECM	1005:1007	arg1	remodeling					1009:1018	ECM remodeling	1005:1018	ECM remodeling	1005:1018	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	2	21	dep	in	274:275	arg1	vitro					277:281	vitro	277:281	vitro	277:281	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	7	22	theme	stroma	1095:1100	arg1	compartment					1102:1112	the stroma compartment	1091:1112	the stroma compartment	1091:1112	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	2	23	theme	tumor	328:332	arg1	invasion					345:352	tumor epithelial invasion	328:352	tumor epithelial invasion	328:352	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	2	24	theme	work	262:265	arg1	task					250:253	The main task	241:253	The main task of the work	241:265	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	2	24	theme	work	262:265	arg1	replication					283:293	the in vitro replication	270:293	the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion	270:352	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	8	25	theme	on-line	1189:1195	arg1	monitoring					1197:1206	on-line monitoring	1189:1206	on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process	1189:1262	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	3	26	theme	stroma	379:384	arg1	changes					422:428	its morphological/compositional changes	390:428	its morphological/compositional changes	390:428	The activation of tumor stroma and its morphological/compositional changes play a key role in tumor progression.
27925458	3	26	theme	stroma	379:384	arg1	activation					359:368	The activation	355:368	The activation of tumor stroma	355:384	The activation of tumor stroma and its morphological/compositional changes play a key role in tumor progression.
27925458	0	27	theme	Cancer	21:26	arg1	Model					28:32	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model	0:32	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip	0:42	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip to Replicate ECM-Activation In Vitro during Tumor Progression.
27925458	8	28	theme	activation	1245:1254	arg1	process					1256:1262	stroma activation process	1238:1262	stroma activation process	1238:1262	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	9	29	theme	real	1391:1394	arg1	time					1396:1399	real time	1391:1399	real time	1391:1399	Also, trafficking of macromolecules within the stromal compartment has been monitored in real time.
27925458	8	30	theme	real	1268:1271	arg1	microscopy					1290:1299	real time multiphoton microscopy	1268:1299	real time multiphoton microscopy	1268:1299	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	5	31	theme	stroma	755:760	arg1	compartment					762:772	3D engineered stroma compartment	741:772	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	0	32	theme	Breast	14:19	arg1	Model					28:32	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model	0:32	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip	0:42	An Engineered Breast Cancer Model on a Chip to Replicate ECM-Activation In Vitro during Tumor Progression.
27925458	4	33	theme	tumor	522:526	arg1	stroma					528:533	tumor stroma	522:533	tumor stroma	522:533	Despite emerging evidences, to date the activation of tumor stroma in vitro has not been achieved yet.
27925458	5	34	theme	reliable	829:836	arg1	architecture					847:858	reliable 3D tumor architecture	829:858	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	35	theme	extracellular	801:813	arg1	ECM					823:825	ECM	823:825	ECM	823:825	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	35	theme	extracellular	801:813	arg1	matrix					815:820	cell-assembled extracellular matrix	786:820	cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM)	786:826	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	7	36	theme	fibronectin	1061:1071	arg1	overexpression					1073:1086	fibronectin overexpression	1061:1086	fibronectin overexpression	1061:1086	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	5	37	theme	tumor	841:845	arg1	architecture					847:858	reliable 3D tumor architecture	829:858	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	38	dep	multicellularity	682:697	arg1	cell					717:720	tumor epithelial cell	700:720	tumor epithelial cell	700:720	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	38	dep	multicellularity	682:697	arg1	cell					734:737	stromal cell	726:737	stromal cell	726:737	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	8	39	theme	collagen	1211:1218	arg1	remodeling					1220:1229	collagen remodeling	1211:1229	collagen remodeling	1211:1229	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	3	40	theme	morphological/compositional	394:420	arg1	changes					422:428	its morphological/compositional changes	390:428	its morphological/compositional changes	390:428	The activation of tumor stroma and its morphological/compositional changes play a key role in tumor progression.
27925458	7	41	theme	overexpression	1073:1086	arg1	terms					1032:1036	terms	1032:1036	terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression	1032:1086	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	8	42	theme	cell-assembled	1132:1145	arg1	ECM					1147:1149	the cell-assembled ECM	1128:1149	the cell-assembled ECM	1128:1149	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	1	43	theme	epithelial	177:186	arg1	tissues					200:206	both epithelial and stromal tissues	172:206	both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip	172:238	In this work, a new model of breast cancer is proposed featuring both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip.
27925458	5	44	theme	stromal	726:732	arg1	cell					734:737	stromal cell	726:737	stromal cell	726:737	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	6	45	theme	epithelial	874:883	arg1	invasion					885:892	tumor epithelial invasion	868:892	tumor epithelial invasion	868:892	During tumor epithelial invasion the stroma displayed an activation process at both cellular and ECM level.
27925458	5	46	theme	3D	838:839	arg1	architecture					847:858	reliable 3D tumor architecture	829:858	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	6	47	theme	tumor	868:872	arg1	invasion					885:892	tumor epithelial invasion	868:892	tumor epithelial invasion	868:892	During tumor epithelial invasion the stroma displayed an activation process at both cellular and ECM level.
27925458	3	48	theme	key	437:439	arg1	role					441:444	a key role	435:444	a key role	435:444	The activation of tumor stroma and its morphological/compositional changes play a key role in tumor progression.
27925458	3	49	theme	tumor	449:453	arg1	progression					455:465	tumor progression	449:465	tumor progression	449:465	The activation of tumor stroma and its morphological/compositional changes play a key role in tumor progression.
27925458	7	50	located	found	1023:1027	arg1	terms					1032:1036	terms	1032:1036	terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression	1032:1086	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	7	50	located	found	1023:1027	arg2	remodeling					1009:1018	ECM remodeling	1005:1018	ECM remodeling	1005:1018	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	7	50	located	found	1023:1027	arg1	compartment					1102:1112	the stroma compartment	1091:1112	the stroma compartment	1091:1112	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	9	51	theme	macromolecules	1323:1336	arg1	trafficking					1308:1318	trafficking	1308:1318	trafficking of macromolecules within the stromal compartment	1308:1367	Also, trafficking of macromolecules within the stromal compartment has been monitored in real time.
27925458	2	52	theme	in	274:275	arg1	task					250:253	The main task	241:253	The main task of the work	241:265	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	2	52	theme	in	274:275	arg1	replication					283:293	the in vitro replication	270:293	the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion	270:352	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	8	53	theme	stroma	1238:1243	arg1	process					1256:1262	stroma activation process	1238:1262	stroma activation process	1238:1262	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	8	54	theme	time	1273:1276	arg1	microscopy					1290:1299	real time multiphoton microscopy	1268:1299	real time multiphoton microscopy	1268:1299	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	1	55	theme	stromal	192:198	arg1	tissues					200:206	both epithelial and stromal tissues	172:206	both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip	172:238	In this work, a new model of breast cancer is proposed featuring both epithelial and stromal tissues arranged on a microfluidic chip.
27925458	5	56	dep	features	646:653	arg1	architecture					847:858	reliable 3D tumor architecture	829:858	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	56	dep	features	646:653	arg1	compartment					762:772	3D engineered stroma compartment	741:772	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	5	56	dep	features	646:653	arg1	multicellularity					682:697	multicellularity	682:697	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	2	57	theme	activation	310:319	arg1	task					250:253	The main task	241:253	The main task of the work	241:265	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	2	57	theme	activation	310:319	arg1	replication					283:293	the in vitro replication	270:293	the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion	270:352	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	2	58	theme	epithelial	334:343	arg1	invasion					345:352	tumor epithelial invasion	328:352	tumor epithelial invasion	328:352	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
27925458	9	59	theme	stromal	1349:1355	arg1	compartment					1357:1367	the stromal compartment	1345:1367	the stromal compartment	1345:1367	Also, trafficking of macromolecules within the stromal compartment has been monitored in real time.
27925458	7	60	theme	acid	1052:1055	arg1	terms					1032:1036	terms	1032:1036	terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression	1032:1086	Similarly of what repeated in vivo, ECM remodeling is found in terms of hyaluronic acid and fibronectin overexpression in the stroma compartment.
27925458	8	61	theme	stromal	1165:1171	arg1	tissue					1173:1178	the stromal tissue	1161:1178	the stromal tissue	1161:1178	Furthermore, the cell-assembled ECM featuring the stromal tissue, allowed on-line monitoring of collagen remodeling during stroma activation process via real time multiphoton microscopy.
27925458	5	62	theme	engineered	744:753	arg1	compartment					762:772	3D engineered stroma compartment	741:772	the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture	642:858	The tumor-on-chip proposed in this work is built in order to replicate the features of its native counterpart: multicellularity (tumor epithelial cell and stromal cell); 3D engineered stroma compartment composed of cell-assembled extracellular matrix (ECM); reliable 3D tumor architecture.
27925458	2	63	theme	stromal	302:308	arg1	activation					310:319	the stromal activation	298:319	the stromal activation	298:319	The main task of the work is the in vitro replication of the stromal activation during tumor epithelial invasion.
28484806	4	0	theme	solubilised	1053:1063	arg1	wood					1065:1068	the solubilised wood	1049:1068	the solubilised wood	1049:1068	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters were therefore obtained under mild conditions by reacting the solubilised wood with either acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride.
28484806	6	1	theme	gel	1538:1540	arg1	chromatography					1553:1566	gel permeation chromatography	1538:1566	gel permeation chromatography	1538:1566	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	9	2	theme	ship	2139:2142	arg1	wood					2119:2122	the untreated wood	2105:2122	the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship	2105:2142	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	9	3	theme	oxidation	2001:2009	arg1	depletion					1948:1956	High depletion	1943:1956	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation	1943:2009	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	3	4	from	difficulty	864:873	arg1	form					908:911	its native form	897:911	its native form	897:911	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	8	5	theme	comprehensive	1817:1829	arg1	characterisation					1831:1846	a comprehensive characterisation	1815:1846	a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood	1815:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	1	6	theme	gaining	180:186	arg1	information					188:198	gaining information	180:198	gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts	180:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	6	7	theme	structure	1407:1415	arg1	modifications					1348:1360	modifications	1348:1360	modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1348:1448	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	8	8	theme	whole	1855:1859	arg1	wall					1866:1869	the whole cell wall	1851:1869	the whole cell wall of archaeological wood	1851:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	2	9	theme	archaeological	559:572	arg1	wood					574:577	archaeological wood	559:577	archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway)	559:614	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	8	10	theme	combined	1787:1794	arg1	techniques					1796:1805	all these combined techniques	1777:1805	all these combined techniques	1777:1805	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	6	11	theme	molecular	1296:1304	arg1	solvents					1306:1313	molecular solvents	1296:1313	molecular solvents	1296:1313	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	1	12	from	artefacts	254:262	arg1	composition					216:226	the chemical composition	203:226	the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts	203:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	8	13	theme	wall	1866:1869	arg1	characterisation					1831:1846	a comprehensive characterisation	1815:1846	a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood	1815:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	8	13	theme	wall	1866:1869	arg1	evaluation					1902:1911	the evaluation	1898:1911	the evaluation of its state of preservation	1898:1940	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	1	14	theme	chemical	207:214	arg1	composition					216:226	the chemical composition	203:226	the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts	203:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	9	15	theme	good	2067:2070	arg1	preservation					2072:2083	a good preservation	2065:2083	a good preservation state	2065:2089	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	6	16	theme	depolymerisation	1373:1388	arg1	modifications					1348:1360	modifications	1348:1360	modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1348:1448	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	1	17	from	information	188:198	arg1	composition					216:226	the chemical composition	203:226	the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts	203:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	7	18	theme	products	1706:1713	arg1	basis					1681:1685	the basis	1677:1685	the basis of their pyrolysis products	1677:1713	Py-GC-MS was used to investigate the degradation undergone by the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products, without any pre-treatment of the samples.
28484806	2	19	theme	Oseberg	588:594	arg1	Norway					608:613	Norway	608:613	Norway	608:613	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	19	theme	Oseberg	588:594	arg1	collection					596:605	the Oseberg collection	584:605	the Oseberg collection (Norway)	584:614	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	6	20	theme	lignin	1365:1370	arg1	modifications					1348:1360	modifications	1348:1360	modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1348:1448	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	1	21	theme	complex	126:132	arg1	alteration					134:143	complex alteration	126:143	complex alteration	126:143	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	4	22	theme	lignocellulosic	968:982	arg1	esters					984:989	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters	949:989	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters	949:989	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters were therefore obtained under mild conditions by reacting the solubilised wood with either acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride.
28484806	10	23	theme	Graphical	2145:2153	arg1	abstract					2155:2162	Graphical abstract	2145:2162	Graphical abstract	2145:2162	Graphical abstract ᅟ.
28484806	0	24	theme	wood	73:76	arg1	wall					50:53	the whole plant cell wall	29:53	the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood	29:76	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	3	25	theme	native	901:906	arg1	form					908:911	its native form	897:911	its native form	897:911	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	7	26	theme	lignocellulosic	1647:1661	arg1	components					1663:1672	the lignocellulosic components	1643:1672	the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products	1643:1713	Py-GC-MS was used to investigate the degradation undergone by the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products, without any pre-treatment of the samples.
28484806	2	27	theme	chemical	642:649	arg1	state					651:655	the chemical state	638:655	the chemical state of preservation of the wood components	638:694	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	6	28	theme	lignin-carbohydrate	1420:1438	arg1	complexes					1440:1448	lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1420:1448	lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1420:1448	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	3	29	theme	dissolving	878:887	arg1	wood					889:892	dissolving wood	878:892	dissolving wood	878:892	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	2	30	theme	wood	680:683	arg1	components					685:694	the wood components	676:694	the wood components	676:694	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	31	theme	spectroscopy	384:395	arg1	procedures					397:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	31	theme	spectroscopy	384:395	arg1	chromatography					424:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	31	theme	spectroscopy	384:395	arg1	pyrolysis					454:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	0	32	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	characterisation					9:24	Chemical characterisation	0:24	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.	0:101	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	1	33	theme	conservation	287:298	arg1	strategies					300:309	plan conservation strategies	282:309	plan conservation strategies	282:309	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	6	34	dep	spectroscopic	1477:1489	arg1	2D-HSQC-NMR					1492:1502	2D-HSQC-NMR	1492:1502	2D-HSQC-NMR	1492:1502	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	34	dep	spectroscopic	1477:1489	arg1	chromatography					1553:1566	gel permeation chromatography	1538:1566	gel permeation chromatography	1538:1566	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	34	dep	spectroscopic	1477:1489	arg1	31P-NMR					1508:1514	31P-NMR	1508:1514	31P-NMR	1508:1514	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	7	35	theme	samples	1749:1755	arg1	pre-treatment					1728:1740	any pre-treatment	1724:1740	any pre-treatment of the samples	1724:1755	Py-GC-MS was used to investigate the degradation undergone by the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products, without any pre-treatment of the samples.
28484806	2	36	theme	permeation	413:422	arg1	procedures					397:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	36	theme	permeation	413:422	arg1	chromatography					424:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	0	37	theme	whole	33:37	arg1	wall					50:53	the whole plant cell wall	29:53	the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood	29:76	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	4	38	theme	mild	1021:1024	arg1	conditions					1026:1035	mild conditions	1021:1035	mild conditions	1021:1035	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters were therefore obtained under mild conditions by reacting the solubilised wood with either acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride.
28484806	2	39	theme	analytical	340:349	arg1	approach					351:358	an integrated analytical approach	326:358	an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS)	326:523	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	0	40	theme	cell	45:48	arg1	wall					50:53	the whole plant cell wall	29:53	the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood	29:76	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	3	41	theme	molecular	929:937	arg1	solvents					939:946	conventional molecular solvents	916:946	conventional molecular solvents	916:946	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	4	42	theme	benzoyl	1101:1107	arg1	chloride					1109:1116	benzoyl chloride	1101:1116	benzoyl chloride	1101:1116	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters were therefore obtained under mild conditions by reacting the solubilised wood with either acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride.
28484806	2	43	theme	innovative	369:378	arg1	procedures					397:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	43	theme	innovative	369:378	arg1	chromatography					424:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	43	theme	innovative	369:378	arg1	pyrolysis					454:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	1	44	theme	wood	231:234	arg1	composition					216:226	the chemical composition	203:226	the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts	203:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	2	45	theme	chromatography/mass	481:499	arg1	Py-GC-MS					515:522	Py-GC-MS	515:522	Py-GC-MS	515:522	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	45	theme	chromatography/mass	481:499	arg1	spectrometry					501:512	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry	477:512	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS)	477:523	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	9	46	theme	extent	1984:1989	arg1	depletion					1948:1956	High depletion	1943:1956	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation	1943:2009	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	6	47	theme	permeation	1542:1551	arg1	chromatography					1553:1566	gel permeation chromatography	1538:1566	gel permeation chromatography	1538:1566	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	1	48	theme	archaeological	239:252	arg1	artefacts					254:262	archaeological artefacts	239:262	archaeological artefacts	239:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	9	49	theme	lignin	1994:1999	arg1	oxidation					2001:2009	lignin oxidation	1994:2009	lignin oxidation	1994:2009	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	8	50	theme	archaeological	1874:1887	arg1	wood					1889:1892	archaeological wood	1874:1892	archaeological wood	1874:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	2	51	from	collection	596:605	arg1	wood					574:577	archaeological wood	559:577	archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway)	559:614	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	3	52	theme	ionic	733:737	arg1	ILs					748:750	ILs	748:750	ILs	748:750	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	3	52	theme	ionic	733:737	arg1	liquids					739:745	ionic liquids	733:745	ionic liquids (ILs)	733:751	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	3	52	theme	ionic	733:737	arg1	solvents					773:780	non-derivatising solvents	756:780	non-derivatising solvents	756:780	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	8	53	theme	techniques	1796:1805	arg1	application					1762:1772	The application	1758:1772	The application of all these combined techniques	1758:1805	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	6	54	theme	spectroscopic	1477:1489	arg1	techniques					1569:1578	spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques	1477:1578	spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques	1477:1578	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	9	55	theme	High	1943:1946	arg1	depletion					1948:1956	High depletion	1943:1956	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation	1943:2009	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	9	56	theme	alum-treated	2035:2046	arg1	objects					2048:2054	the alum-treated objects	2031:2054	the alum-treated objects	2031:2054	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	9	57	theme	untreated	2109:2117	arg1	wood					2119:2122	the untreated wood	2105:2122	the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship	2105:2142	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	1	58	from	wood	231:234	arg1	artefacts					254:262	archaeological artefacts	239:262	archaeological artefacts	239:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	8	59	theme	cell	1861:1864	arg1	wall					1866:1869	the whole cell wall	1851:1869	the whole cell wall of archaeological wood	1851:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	1	60	theme	Wood	103:106	arg1	artefacts					108:116	Wood artefacts	103:116	Wood artefacts	103:116	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	7	61	theme	pyrolysis	1696:1704	arg1	products					1706:1713	their pyrolysis products	1690:1713	their pyrolysis products	1690:1713	Py-GC-MS was used to investigate the degradation undergone by the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products, without any pre-treatment of the samples.
28484806	6	62	theme	enhanced	1273:1280	arg1	solubility					1282:1291	an enhanced solubility	1270:1291	an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents	1270:1313	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	62	theme	enhanced	1273:1280	arg1	result					1228:1233	a result	1226:1233	a result	1226:1233	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	9	63	theme	preservation	2072:2083	arg1	state					2085:2089	a good preservation state	2065:2089	a good preservation state	2065:2089	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	6	64	from	solubility	1282:1291	arg1	solvents					1306:1313	molecular solvents	1296:1313	molecular solvents	1296:1313	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	3	65	theme	non-derivatising	756:771	arg1	liquids					739:745	ionic liquids	733:745	ionic liquids (ILs)	733:751	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	3	65	theme	non-derivatising	756:771	arg1	solvents					773:780	non-derivatising solvents	756:780	non-derivatising solvents	756:780	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	1	66	from	composition	216:226	arg1	artefacts					254:262	archaeological artefacts	239:262	archaeological artefacts	239:262	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	2	67	from	time	551:554	arg1	wood					574:577	archaeological wood	559:577	archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway)	559:614	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	3	68	theme	efficient	801:809	arg1	dissolution					811:821	an efficient dissolution	798:821	an efficient dissolution of the wood	798:833	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	0	69	theme	archaeological	58:71	arg1	wood					73:76	archaeological wood	58:76	archaeological wood	58:76	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	8	70	theme	wood	1889:1892	arg1	wall					1866:1869	the whole cell wall	1851:1869	the whole cell wall of archaeological wood	1851:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	9	71	theme	carbohydrates	1961:1973	arg1	depletion					1948:1956	High depletion	1943:1956	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation	1943:2009	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	4	72	theme	substituted	956:966	arg1	esters					984:989	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters	949:989	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters	949:989	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters were therefore obtained under mild conditions by reacting the solubilised wood with either acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride.
28484806	6	73	theme	functionalised	1240:1253	arg1	wood					1255:1258	the functionalised wood	1236:1258	the functionalised wood	1236:1258	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	2	74	theme	preservation	660:671	arg1	state					651:655	the chemical state	638:655	the chemical state of preservation of the wood components	638:694	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	3	75	theme	wood	830:833	arg1	dissolution					811:821	an efficient dissolution	798:821	an efficient dissolution of the wood	798:833	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	0	76	theme	integrated	82:91	arg1	approach					93:100	an integrated approach	79:100	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.	0:101	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	2	77	theme	first	545:549	arg1	time					551:554	the first time	541:554	the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway)	541:614	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	6	78	theme	complexes	1440:1448	arg1	depolymerisation					1373:1388	depolymerisation	1373:1388	depolymerisation of cellulose	1373:1401	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	78	theme	complexes	1440:1448	arg1	lignin					1365:1370	lignin	1365:1370	lignin	1365:1370	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	78	theme	complexes	1440:1448	arg1	structure					1407:1415	structure	1407:1415	structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1407:1448	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	8	79	theme	state	1920:1924	arg1	characterisation					1831:1846	a comprehensive characterisation	1815:1846	a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood	1815:1892	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	8	79	theme	state	1920:1924	arg1	evaluation					1902:1911	the evaluation	1898:1911	the evaluation of its state of preservation	1898:1940	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	2	80	theme	components	685:694	arg1	preservation					660:671	preservation	660:671	preservation of the wood components	660:694	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	6	81	theme	chromatographic	1521:1535	arg1	techniques					1569:1578	spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques	1477:1578	spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques	1477:1578	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	5	82	theme	phosphytilation	1121:1135	arg1	reaction					1137:1144	A phosphytilation reaction	1119:1144	A phosphytilation reaction	1119:1144	A phosphytilation reaction was also performed using 2-chloro-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan.
28484806	8	83	theme	preservation	1929:1940	arg1	state					1920:1924	its state	1916:1924	its state of preservation	1916:1940	The application of all these combined techniques enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the whole cell wall of archaeological wood and the evaluation of its state of preservation.
28484806	3	84	theme	wood	889:892	arg1	difficulty					864:873	the difficulty	860:873	the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form	860:911	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	2	85	theme	NMR	380:382	arg1	procedures					397:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	85	theme	NMR	380:382	arg1	chromatography					424:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	85	theme	NMR	380:382	arg1	pyrolysis					454:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	1	86	theme	plan	282:285	arg1	strategies					300:309	plan conservation strategies	282:309	plan conservation strategies	282:309	Wood artefacts undergo complex alteration and degradation during ageing, and gaining information on the chemical composition of wood in archaeological artefacts is fundamental to plan conservation strategies.
28484806	3	87	theme	conventional	916:927	arg1	solvents					939:946	conventional molecular solvents	916:946	conventional molecular solvents	916:946	We adopted ionic liquids (ILs) as non-derivatising solvents, thus obtaining an efficient dissolution of the wood, allowing us to overcome the difficulty of dissolving wood in its native form in conventional molecular solvents.
28484806	2	88	theme	analytical	443:452	arg1	procedures					397:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	88	theme	analytical	443:452	arg1	pyrolysis					454:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	analytical pyrolysis	443:462	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	0	89	theme	plant	39:43	arg1	wall					50:53	the whole plant cell wall	29:53	the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood	29:76	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	7	90	from	components	1663:1672	arg1	basis					1681:1685	the basis	1677:1685	the basis of their pyrolysis products	1677:1713	Py-GC-MS was used to investigate the degradation undergone by the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products, without any pre-treatment of the samples.
28484806	7	91	used	used	1594:1597	arg2	Py-GC-MS					1581:1588	Py-GC-MS	1581:1588	Py-GC-MS	1581:1588	Py-GC-MS was used to investigate the degradation undergone by the lignocellulosic components on the basis of their pyrolysis products, without any pre-treatment of the samples.
28484806	2	92	theme	gel	409:411	arg1	procedures					397:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures	369:406	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	92	theme	gel	409:411	arg1	chromatography					424:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	gel permeation chromatography	409:437	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	0	93	theme	wall	50:53	arg1	characterisation					9:24	Chemical characterisation	0:24	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.	0:101	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	2	94	theme	gas	477:479	arg1	Py-GC-MS					515:522	Py-GC-MS	515:522	Py-GC-MS	515:522	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	94	theme	gas	477:479	arg1	spectrometry					501:512	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry	477:512	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS)	477:523	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	2	95	theme	integrated	329:338	arg1	approach					351:358	an integrated analytical approach	326:358	an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS)	326:523	In this work, an integrated analytical approach based on innovative NMR spectroscopy procedures, gel permeation chromatography and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) was applied for the first time on archaeological wood from the Oseberg collection (Norway), in order to evaluate the chemical state of preservation of the wood components, without separating them.
28484806	9	96	theme	Oseberg	2131:2137	arg1	ship					2139:2142	the Oseberg ship	2127:2142	the Oseberg ship	2127:2142	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
28484806	4	97	theme	acetyl	1082:1087	arg1	chloride					1089:1096	acetyl chloride	1082:1096	acetyl chloride	1082:1096	Highly substituted lignocellulosic esters were therefore obtained under mild conditions by reacting the solubilised wood with either acetyl chloride or benzoyl chloride.
28484806	6	98	theme	cellulose	1393:1401	arg1	depolymerisation					1373:1388	depolymerisation	1373:1388	depolymerisation of cellulose	1373:1401	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	98	theme	cellulose	1393:1401	arg1	lignin					1365:1370	lignin	1365:1370	lignin	1365:1370	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	6	98	theme	cellulose	1393:1401	arg1	structure					1407:1415	structure	1407:1415	structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes	1407:1448	As a result, the functionalised wood developed an enhanced solubility in molecular solvents, thus enabling information about modifications of lignin, depolymerisation of cellulose and structure of lignin-carbohydrate complexes to be obtained by means of spectroscopic (2D-HSQC-NMR and 31P-NMR) and chromatographic (gel permeation chromatography) techniques.
28484806	0	99	dep	characterisation	9:24	arg1	approach					93:100	an integrated approach	79:100	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.	0:101	Chemical characterisation of the whole plant cell wall of archaeological wood: an integrated approach.
28484806	9	100	theme	high	1979:1982	arg1	extent					1984:1989	high extent	1979:1989	high extent	1979:1989	High depletion of carbohydrates and high extent of lignin oxidation were highlighted in the alum-treated objects, whereas a good preservation state was found for the untreated wood of the Oseberg ship.
27612727	9	0	theme	only	1516:1519	arg1	possibility					1521:1531	the only possibility	1512:1531	the only possibility for pure HA systems	1512:1551	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	11	1	theme	in	1782:1783	arg1	degradability					1791:1803	in vitro degradability	1782:1803	in vitro degradability	1782:1803	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	2	2	theme	amide	317:321	arg1	reaction					337:344	amide or ester bond reaction	317:344	reaction	337:344	This reaction was performed via amide or ester bond reaction activated by carbodiimide, in pure water.
27612727	1	3	theme	different	222:230	arg1	ratios					240:245	different polymer ratios	222:245	different polymer ratios	222:245	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	9	4	theme	HA	1542:1543	arg1	systems					1545:1551	pure HA systems	1537:1551	pure HA systems	1537:1551	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	4	5	with	elastic	641:647	arg1	properties					667:676	yield stress properties	654:676	yield stress properties	654:676	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	5	6	theme	low	838:840	arg1	behaviour					852:860	Newtonian low viscosity behaviour	828:860	Newtonian low viscosity behaviour	828:860	Sericin exhibited Newtonian low viscosity behaviour according to its very low molar mass.
27612727	3	7	theme	semi-dilute	510:520	arg1	regime					536:541	a semi-dilute concentration regime	508:541	a semi-dilute concentration regime	508:541	Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime.
27612727	7	8	theme	lesser	1320:1325	arg1	extent					1327:1332	a lesser extent	1318:1332	a lesser extent	1318:1332	During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin).
27612727	4	9	theme	uncrosslinked	687:699	arg1	HA					701:702	uncrosslinked HA	687:702	uncrosslinked HA alone	687:708	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	11	10	theme	hydrogel	1885:1892	arg1	composition					1894:1904	the hydrogel composition	1881:1904	the hydrogel composition	1881:1904	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	7	11	with	sericin	1334:1340	arg1	collagen					1299:1306	added collagen	1293:1306	added collagen	1293:1306	During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin).
27612727	12	12	theme	elaborated	1915:1924	arg1	hydrogels					1926:1934	All the elaborated hydrogels	1907:1934	All the elaborated hydrogels	1907:1934	All the elaborated hydrogels were non-cytotoxic in vitro.
27612727	5	13	theme	molar	888:892	arg1	mass					894:897	its very low molar mass	875:897	its very low molar mass	875:897	Sericin exhibited Newtonian low viscosity behaviour according to its very low molar mass.
27612727	9	14	with	possible	1612:1619	arg1	collagen					1638:1645	collagen	1638:1645	collagen	1638:1645	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	9	14	with	possible	1612:1619	arg1	sericin					1626:1632	sericin	1626:1632	sericin	1626:1632	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	1	15	theme	crosslinked	133:143	arg1	hydrogels					145:153	chemically crosslinked hydrogels	122:153	chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S)	122:215	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	8	16	theme	hydrogels	1383:1391	arg1	network					1372:1378	the final network	1362:1378	the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus)	1362:1419	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	0	17	theme	hyaluronanic	62:73	arg1	acid					75:78	hyaluronanic acid	62:78	hyaluronanic acid	62:78	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronanic acid, collagen and sericin.
27612727	10	18	theme	collagen	1665:1672	arg1	presence					1653:1660	The presence	1649:1660	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix	1649:1689	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network.
27612727	6	19	theme	entangled	994:1002	arg1	concentration					1004:1016	the critical entangled concentration	981:1016	the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks	981:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	6	19	theme	entangled	994:1002	arg1	*					1020:1020	C*	1019:1020	C*	1019:1020	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	6	20	from	concentration	1004:1016	arg1	mixtures					1030:1037	the mixtures	1026:1037	the mixtures	1026:1037	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	4	21	theme	yield	654:658	arg1	properties					667:676	yield stress properties	654:676	yield stress properties	654:676	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	4	22	link	uncrosslinked	591:603	arg1	collagen					605:612	uncrosslinked collagen	591:612	uncrosslinked collagen alone	591:618	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	11	23	theme	selected	1852:1859	arg1	enzyme					1861:1866	the selected enzyme	1848:1866	the selected enzyme	1848:1866	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	4	24	theme	shear	731:735	arg1	thinning					737:744	shear thinning	731:744	shear thinning	731:744	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	0	25	theme	Rheological	0:10	arg1	study					12:16	Rheological study	0:16	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels	0:51	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronanic acid, collagen and sericin.
27612727	1	26	theme	polymer	232:238	arg1	ratios					240:245	different polymer ratios	222:245	different polymer ratios	222:245	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	11	27	dep	in	1782:1783	arg1	vitro					1785:1789	vitro	1785:1789	vitro	1785:1789	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	2	28	theme	pure	376:379	arg1	water					381:385	pure water	376:385	pure water	376:385	This reaction was performed via amide or ester bond reaction activated by carbodiimide, in pure water.
27612727	3	29	theme	molecule	397:404	arg1	crosslinking					406:417	molecule crosslinking	397:417	molecule crosslinking	397:417	Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime.
27612727	0	30	theme	crosslinkable	29:41	arg1	hydrogels					43:51	in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels	21:51	in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels	21:51	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronanic acid, collagen and sericin.
27612727	7	31	theme	HA	1243:1244	arg1	systems					1246:1252	pure HA systems	1238:1252	pure HA systems	1238:1252	During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin).
27612727	8	32	theme	based	1456:1460	arg1	systems					1462:1468	the mixture based systems	1444:1468	the mixture based systems	1444:1468	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	11	33	with	consistent	1818:1827	arg1	effect					1838:1843	the effect	1834:1843	the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition	1834:1904	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	4	34	theme	polymer	791:797	arg1	behaviour					799:807	entangled polymer behaviour	781:807	entangled polymer behaviour	781:807	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	6	35	theme	future	1078:1083	arg1	networks					1097:1104	future crosslinked networks	1078:1104	future crosslinked networks	1078:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	3	36	theme	rheological	424:434	arg1	behaviour					436:444	the rheological behaviour	420:444	the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture)	420:485	Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime.
27612727	4	37	theme	flow	549:552	arg1	measurements					566:577	Both flow and dynamic measurements	544:577	measurements	566:577	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	8	38	theme	same	1351:1354	arg1	time					1356:1359	the same time	1347:1359	the same time	1347:1359	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	11	39	theme	SEM	1724:1726	arg1	studies					1728:1734	SEM studies	1724:1734	SEM studies	1724:1734	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	4	40	theme	dynamic	558:564	arg1	measurements					566:577	Both flow and dynamic measurements	544:577	measurements	566:577	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	3	41	theme	biopolymers	453:463	arg1	behaviour					436:444	the rheological behaviour	420:444	the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture)	420:485	Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime.
27612727	4	42	link	uncrosslinked	687:699	arg1	HA					701:702	uncrosslinked HA	687:702	uncrosslinked HA alone	687:708	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	9	43	theme	pure	1537:1540	arg1	systems					1545:1551	pure HA systems	1537:1551	pure HA systems	1537:1551	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	5	44	theme	Newtonian	828:836	arg1	behaviour					852:860	Newtonian low viscosity behaviour	828:860	Newtonian low viscosity behaviour	828:860	Sericin exhibited Newtonian low viscosity behaviour according to its very low molar mass.
27612727	5	45	theme	viscosity	842:850	arg1	behaviour					852:860	Newtonian low viscosity behaviour	828:860	Newtonian low viscosity behaviour	828:860	Sericin exhibited Newtonian low viscosity behaviour according to its very low molar mass.
27612727	11	46	theme	enzyme	1861:1866	arg1	effect					1838:1843	the effect	1834:1843	the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition	1834:1904	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	1	47	theme	hyaluronanic	178:189	arg1	acid					191:194	hyaluronanic acid	178:194	hyaluronanic acid (HA)	178:199	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	1	47	theme	hyaluronanic	178:189	arg1	HA					197:198	HA	197:198	HA	197:198	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	6	48	theme	viscoelastic	934:945	arg1	behaviour					947:955	viscoelastic behaviour	934:955	viscoelastic behaviour	934:955	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	10	49	attach	presence	1653:1660	arg1	matrix					1684:1689	the HA matrix	1677:1689	the HA matrix	1677:1689	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network.
27612727	10	49	attach	presence	1653:1660	arg2	collagen					1665:1672	collagen	1665:1672	collagen	1665:1672	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network.
27612727	9	50	dep	bonds	1605:1609	arg1	possible					1612:1619	possible	1612:1619	possible	1612:1619	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	8	51	theme	final	1366:1370	arg1	network					1372:1378	the final network	1362:1378	the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus)	1362:1419	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	9	52	dep	bonds	1505:1509	arg1	possibility					1521:1531	the only possibility	1512:1531	the only possibility for pure HA systems	1512:1551	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	3	53	theme	concentration	522:534	arg1	regime					536:541	a semi-dilute concentration regime	508:541	a semi-dilute concentration regime	508:541	Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime.
27612727	5	54	theme	low	884:886	arg1	mass					894:897	its very low molar mass	875:897	its very low molar mass	875:897	Sericin exhibited Newtonian low viscosity behaviour according to its very low molar mass.
27612727	4	55	theme	stress	660:665	arg1	properties					667:676	yield stress properties	654:676	yield stress properties	654:676	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	10	56	theme	HA	1681:1682	arg1	matrix					1684:1689	the HA matrix	1677:1689	the HA matrix	1677:1689	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network.
27612727	4	57	from	agreement	766:774	arg1	viscoelastic					750:761	viscoelastic	750:761	viscoelastic	750:761	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	6	58	theme	C	1019:1019	arg1	concentration					1004:1016	the critical entangled concentration	981:1016	the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks	981:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	6	58	theme	C	1019:1019	arg1	*					1020:1020	C*	1019:1020	C*	1019:1020	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	9	59	theme	amide	1599:1603	arg1	bonds					1605:1609	amide bonds	1599:1609	amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen)	1599:1646	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	7	60	theme	added	1293:1297	arg1	collagen					1299:1306	added collagen	1293:1306	added collagen	1293:1306	During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin).
27612727	4	61	from	viscoelastic	750:761	arg1	agreement					766:774	agreement	766:774	agreement with entangled polymer behaviour	766:807	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	1	62	theme	hydrogels	145:153	arg1	elaboration					107:117	The elaboration	103:117	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios	103:245	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	4	63	with	agreement	766:774	arg1	behaviour					799:807	entangled polymer behaviour	781:807	entangled polymer behaviour	781:807	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	6	64	theme	critical	985:992	arg1	concentration					1004:1016	the critical entangled concentration	981:1016	the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks	981:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	6	64	theme	critical	985:992	arg1	*					1020:1020	C*	1019:1020	C*	1019:1020	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	8	65	theme	elastic	1404:1410	arg1	hydrogels					1383:1391	hydrogels	1383:1391	hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus)	1383:1419	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	8	65	theme	elastic	1404:1410	arg1	modulus					1412:1418	the elastic modulus	1400:1418	the elastic modulus	1400:1418	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	7	66	dep	slower	1227:1232	arg1	i.e.					1282:1285	i.e.	1282:1285	i.e.	1282:1285	During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin).
27612727	1	67	with	elaboration	107:117	arg1	ratios					240:245	different polymer ratios	222:245	different polymer ratios	222:245	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	3	68	dep	biopolymers	453:463	arg1	or					472:473	or	472:473	or	472:473	Prior to molecule crosslinking, the rheological behaviour of the biopolymers (alone or in mixture) was characterized in a semi-dilute concentration regime.
27612727	10	69	from	presence	1653:1660	arg1	matrix					1684:1689	the HA matrix	1677:1689	the HA matrix	1677:1689	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network.
27612727	6	70	dep	mixtures	1030:1037	arg1	shows					1048:1052	shows	1048:1052	shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks	1048:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	2	71	theme	bond	332:335	arg1	reaction					337:344	amide or ester bond reaction	317:344	reaction	337:344	This reaction was performed via amide or ester bond reaction activated by carbodiimide, in pure water.
27612727	0	72	theme	in-situ	21:27	arg1	hydrogels					43:51	in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels	21:51	in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels	21:51	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronanic acid, collagen and sericin.
27612727	8	73	theme	mixture	1448:1454	arg1	systems					1462:1468	the mixture based systems	1444:1468	the mixture based systems	1444:1468	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
27612727	10	74	theme	hydrogel	1706:1713	arg1	network					1715:1721	the hydrogel network	1702:1721	the hydrogel network	1702:1721	The presence of collagen in the HA matrix reinforced the hydrogel network.
27612727	2	75	theme	ester	326:330	arg1	reaction					337:344	amide or ester bond reaction	317:344	reaction	337:344	This reaction was performed via amide or ester bond reaction activated by carbodiimide, in pure water.
27612727	0	76	theme	hydrogels	43:51	arg1	study					12:16	Rheological study	0:16	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels	0:51	Rheological study of in-situ crosslinkable hydrogels based on hyaluronanic acid, collagen and sericin.
27612727	7	77	theme	pure	1238:1241	arg1	systems					1246:1252	pure HA systems	1238:1252	pure HA systems	1238:1252	During the reaction, followed by rheology, the kinetics were slower for pure HA systems compared with the mixtures (i.e., with added collagen and/or to a lesser extent sericin).
27612727	6	78	link	crosslinked	1085:1095	arg1	networks					1097:1104	future crosslinked networks	1078:1104	future crosslinked networks	1078:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	11	79	theme	hydrogels	1767:1775	arg1	structure					1750:1758	the structure	1746:1758	the structure of the hydrogels	1746:1775	SEM studies confirmed the structure of the hydrogels, and in vitro degradability was globally consistent with the effect of the selected enzyme according to the hydrogel composition.
27612727	1	80	theme	in-situ	267:273	arg1	rheology					275:282	in-situ rheology	267:282	in-situ rheology	267:282	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	6	81	theme	crosslinked	1085:1095	arg1	networks					1097:1104	future crosslinked networks	1078:1104	future crosslinked networks	1078:1104	Before crosslinking, HA exhibited viscoelastic behaviour at concentrations above the critical entangled concentration (C*) in the mixtures, thus HA shows promise as a matrix for future crosslinked networks, whereas sericin did not significantly modify the rheology.
27612727	1	82	link	crosslinked	133:143	arg1	hydrogels					145:153	chemically crosslinked hydrogels	122:153	chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S)	122:215	The elaboration of chemically crosslinked hydrogels based on collagen (C), hyaluronanic acid (HA) and sericin (S) with different polymer ratios was investigated by in-situ rheology.
27612727	4	83	theme	entangled	781:789	arg1	behaviour					799:807	entangled polymer behaviour	781:807	entangled polymer behaviour	781:807	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	9	84	theme	ester	1499:1503	arg1	bonds					1505:1509	ester bonds	1499:1509	ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems)	1499:1552	This result is explained by ester bonds (the only possibility for pure HA systems), which are less favourable and reactive than amide bonds (possible with sericin and collagen).
27612727	4	85	theme	uncrosslinked	591:603	arg1	collagen					605:612	uncrosslinked collagen	591:612	uncrosslinked collagen alone	591:618	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	4	86	dep	appears	620:626	arg1	whereas					679:685	whereas	679:685	whereas	679:685	Both flow and dynamic measurements showed that uncrosslinked collagen alone appears to be rather elastic with yield stress properties, whereas uncrosslinked HA alone appears to be rather shear thinning and viscoelastic in agreement with entangled polymer behaviour.
27612727	8	87	dep	modulus	1412:1418	arg1	i.e.					1394:1397	i.e.	1394:1397	i.e.	1394:1397	At the same time, the final network of hydrogels (i.e., the elastic modulus) was more structured in the mixture based systems.
26112373	12	0	theme	HA-Tyr	1807:1812	arg1	hydrogel					1815:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	1762:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	1762:1867	We report an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	6	1	theme	-conditioned	1106:1117	arg1	medium					1119:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	10	2	theme	cultivation	1550:1560	arg1	system					1562:1567	the 3D cultivation system	1543:1567	the 3D cultivation system	1543:1567	In addition, the genetic integrity of the hESCs was unaffected in the 3D cultivation system.
26112373	11	3	theme	3D	1643:1644	arg1	system					1658:1663	a stable 3D cultivation system	1634:1663	a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications	1634:1749	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	3	4	theme	tyramine	517:524	arg1	moieties					526:533	the tyramine moieties	513:533	the tyramine moieties	513:533	HA-Tyr hydrogels were formed by crosslinking the tyramine moieties with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
26112373	13	5	from	effects	1957:1963	arg1	properties					2021:2030	the self-renewal properties	2004:2030	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D	2004:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	1	6	from	applications	303:314	arg1	medicine					332:339	regenerative medicine	319:339	regenerative medicine	319:339	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	12	7	theme	mediated	1772:1779	arg1	hydrogel					1815:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	1762:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	1762:1867	We report an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	12	8	from	hESCs	1857:1861	arg1	3D					1866:1867	3D	1866:1867	3D	1866:1867	We report an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	13	9	theme	mechanical	1968:1977	arg1	strength					1979:1986	mechanical strength	1968:1986	mechanical strength of hydrogels	1968:1999	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	13	10	from	properties	2021:2030	arg1	3D					2044:2045	3D	2044:2045	3D	2044:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	8	11	theme	high	1308:1311	arg1	expression					1313:1322	high expression	1308:1322	high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers	1308:1355	The hESCs cultured in HA-Tyr hydrogels showed high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers.
26112373	6	12	theme	∼350Pa	979:984	arg1	modulus					968:974	a compressive modulus	954:974	a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa	954:984	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	13	13	link	photo-crosslinked	1892:1908	arg1	systems					1919:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems	1877:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported	1877:1934	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	13	14	from	3D	2044:2045	arg1	properties					2021:2030	the self-renewal properties	2004:2030	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D	2004:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	15	15	theme	hESCs	2254:2258	arg1	propagation					2239:2249	the controlled propagation	2224:2249	the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D	2224:2264	Hence, we demonstrated a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	16	16	theme	therapy	2352:2358	arg1	development					2321:2331	the development	2317:2331	the development of stem cell-based therapy towards clinical applications	2317:2388	We believe that such an approach would facilitate the development of stem cell-based therapy towards clinical applications.
26112373	4	17	theme	self-renewal	721:732	arg1	properties					734:743	the self-renewal properties	717:743	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds	717:771	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	1	18	theme	expansion	219:227	arg1	process					229:235	the cell expansion process	210:235	the cell expansion process	210:235	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	1	19	theme	embryonic	133:141	arg1	cells					148:152	human embryonic stem cells	127:152	human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)	127:160	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	1	19	theme	embryonic	133:141	arg1	hESCs					155:159	hESCs	155:159	hESCs	155:159	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	8	20	theme	markers	1349:1355	arg1	expression					1313:1322	high expression	1308:1322	high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers	1308:1355	The hESCs cultured in HA-Tyr hydrogels showed high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers.
26112373	4	21	theme	different	675:683	arg1	strength					696:703	different mechanical strength	675:703	different mechanical strength	675:703	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	0	22	theme	human	74:78	arg1	cells					95:99	human embryonic stem cells	74:99	human embryonic stem cells	74:99	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	7	23	theme	spheroid	1205:1212	arg1	structures					1214:1223	spheroid structures	1205:1223	spheroid structures	1205:1223	Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that hESCs proliferated well and formed spheroid structures in 3D, without undergoing apoptosis.
26112373	1	24	theme	cells	148:152	arg1	propagation					112:122	The propagation	108:122	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	108:196	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	6	25	theme	pluripotent	1030:1040	arg1	state					1042:1046	the pluripotent state	1026:1046	the pluripotent state	1026:1046	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	16	26	theme	clinical	2368:2375	arg1	applications					2377:2388	clinical applications	2368:2388	clinical applications	2368:2388	We believe that such an approach would facilitate the development of stem cell-based therapy towards clinical applications.
26112373	4	27	theme	strength	696:703	arg1	hydrogels					662:670	HA-Tyr hydrogels	655:670	HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength	655:703	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	13	28	theme	hydrogel	1910:1917	arg1	systems					1919:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems	1877:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported	1877:1934	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	0	29	theme	stem	90:93	arg1	cells					95:99	human embryonic stem cells	74:99	human embryonic stem cells	74:99	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	4	30	from	scaffolds	763:771	arg1	properties					734:743	the self-renewal properties	717:743	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds	717:771	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	0	31	from	propagation	59:69	arg1	3D					104:105	3D	104:105	3D	104:105	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	2	32	theme	HA-Tyr	405:410	arg1	hydrogel					413:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	360:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	360:465	Herein, we report an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	14	33	theme	mechanical	2110:2119	arg1	strength					2121:2128	lower mechanical strength	2104:2128	lower mechanical strength	2104:2128	Then, we characterized hESCs cultured in hydrogels with lower mechanical strength that best supported the self-renewal of hESCs.
26112373	15	34	from	propagation	2239:2249	arg1	3D					2263:2264	3D	2263:2264	3D	2263:2264	Hence, we demonstrated a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	13	35	theme	HA-based	1883:1890	arg1	systems					1919:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems	1877:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported	1877:1934	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	2	36	theme	acid-tyramine	390:402	arg1	hydrogel					413:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	360:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	360:465	Herein, we report an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	0	37	theme	Enzyme-mediated	0:14	arg1	acid-tyramine					27:39	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine	0:39	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine	0:39	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	1	38	from	propagation	112:122	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	165:196	three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	165:196	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	6	39	theme	embryonic	1080:1088	arg1	medium					1119:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	15	40	from	hESCs	2254:2258	arg1	3D					2263:2264	3D	2263:2264	3D	2263:2264	Hence, we demonstrated a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	3	41	theme	HA-Tyr	468:473	arg1	hydrogels					475:483	HA-Tyr hydrogels	468:483	HA-Tyr hydrogels	468:483	HA-Tyr hydrogels were formed by crosslinking the tyramine moieties with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
26112373	5	42	theme	mechanical	825:834	arg1	strength					836:843	mechanical strength	825:843	mechanical strength	825:843	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	1	43	theme	quality	276:282	arg1	cells					262:266	pluripotent cells	250:266	pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine	250:339	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	1	44	dep	three-dimensional	165:181	arg1	3D					184:185	3D	184:185	3D	184:185	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	1	45	theme	broad-spectrum	288:301	arg1	applications					303:314	broad-spectrum applications	288:314	broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine	288:339	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	6	46	theme	mTeSR1	1056:1061	arg1	medium					1063:1068	mTeSR1 medium	1056:1068	mTeSR1 medium	1056:1068	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	9	47	theme	cell	1403:1406	arg1	derivatives					1408:1418	cell derivatives	1403:1418	cell derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers	1403:1453	These cells exhibited the capability to form cell derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers in vitro and in vivo.
26112373	10	48	theme	3D	1547:1548	arg1	system					1562:1567	the 3D cultivation system	1543:1567	the 3D cultivation system	1543:1567	In addition, the genetic integrity of the hESCs was unaffected in the 3D cultivation system.
26112373	11	49	theme	stem	1702:1705	arg1	cells					1707:1711	human embryonic stem cells	1686:1711	human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)	1686:1719	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	11	49	theme	stem	1702:1705	arg1	hESCs					1714:1718	hESCs	1714:1718	hESCs	1714:1718	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	11	50	theme	clinical	1729:1736	arg1	applications					1738:1749	clinical applications	1729:1749	clinical applications	1729:1749	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	6	51	with	hydrogel	940:947	arg1	modulus					968:974	a compressive modulus	954:974	a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa	954:984	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	11	52	theme	stable	1636:1641	arg1	system					1658:1663	a stable 3D cultivation system	1634:1663	a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications	1634:1749	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	2	53	theme	enzyme-mediated	363:377	arg1	hydrogel					413:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	360:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	360:465	Herein, we report an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	13	54	from	hESCs	2035:2039	arg1	3D					2044:2045	3D	2044:2045	3D	2044:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	9	55	theme	germ	1443:1446	arg1	layers					1448:1453	all three embryonic germ layers	1423:1453	all three embryonic germ layers	1423:1453	These cells exhibited the capability to form cell derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers in vitro and in vivo.
26112373	13	56	theme	hESCs	2035:2039	arg1	properties					2021:2030	the self-renewal properties	2004:2030	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D	2004:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	6	57	theme	HA-Tyr	933:938	arg1	hydrogel					940:947	The HA-Tyr hydrogel	929:947	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa	929:984	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	15	58	from	3D	2263:2264	arg1	propagation					2239:2249	the controlled propagation	2224:2249	the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D	2224:2264	Hence, we demonstrated a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	12	59	theme	enzyme	1765:1770	arg1	hydrogel					1815:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	1762:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	1762:1867	We report an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	11	60	theme	cultivation	1646:1656	arg1	system					1658:1663	a stable 3D cultivation system	1634:1663	a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications	1634:1749	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	7	61	theme	Immunohistochemical	1127:1145	arg1	analyses					1147:1154	Immunohistochemical analyses	1127:1154	Immunohistochemical analyses	1127:1154	Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that hESCs proliferated well and formed spheroid structures in 3D, without undergoing apoptosis.
26112373	13	62	theme	hydrogels	1991:1999	arg1	strength					1979:1986	mechanical strength	1968:1986	mechanical strength of hydrogels	1968:1999	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	1	63	theme	pluripotent	250:260	arg1	cells					262:266	pluripotent cells	250:266	pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine	250:339	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	5	64	dep	composition	809:819	arg1	the					796:798	the	796:798	the	796:798	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	12	65	theme	hyaluronic	1781:1790	arg1	hydrogel					1815:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	1762:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	1762:1867	We report an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	11	66	theme	human	1686:1690	arg1	cells					1707:1711	human embryonic stem cells	1686:1711	human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)	1686:1719	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	11	66	theme	human	1686:1690	arg1	hESCs					1714:1718	hESCs	1714:1718	hESCs	1714:1718	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	14	67	with	hydrogels	2089:2097	arg1	strength					2121:2128	lower mechanical strength	2104:2128	lower mechanical strength	2104:2128	Then, we characterized hESCs cultured in hydrogels with lower mechanical strength that best supported the self-renewal of hESCs.
26112373	3	68	theme	horseradish	540:550	arg1	HRP					564:566	HRP	564:566	HRP	564:566	HA-Tyr hydrogels were formed by crosslinking the tyramine moieties with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
26112373	3	68	theme	horseradish	540:550	arg1	peroxidase					552:561	horseradish peroxidase	540:561	horseradish peroxidase (HRP)	540:567	HA-Tyr hydrogels were formed by crosslinking the tyramine moieties with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
26112373	15	69	theme	controlled	2228:2237	arg1	propagation					2239:2249	the controlled propagation	2224:2249	the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D	2224:2264	Hence, we demonstrated a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	5	70	theme	important	864:872	arg1	factors					874:880	important factors	864:880	important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency	864:926	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	3	71	theme	hydrogen	573:580	arg1	H2O2					592:595	H2O2	592:595	H2O2	592:595	HA-Tyr hydrogels were formed by crosslinking the tyramine moieties with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
26112373	3	71	theme	hydrogen	573:580	arg1	peroxide					582:589	hydrogen peroxide	573:589	hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)	573:596	HA-Tyr hydrogels were formed by crosslinking the tyramine moieties with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
26112373	1	72	theme	three-dimensional	165:181	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	165:196	three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	165:196	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	8	73	theme	HA-Tyr	1284:1289	arg1	hydrogels					1291:1299	HA-Tyr hydrogels	1284:1299	HA-Tyr hydrogels	1284:1299	The hESCs cultured in HA-Tyr hydrogels showed high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers.
26112373	11	74	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1583:1594	arg1	STATEMENT					1570:1578	STATEMENT	1570:1578	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study	1570:1618	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	4	75	theme	HA-Tyr	655:660	arg1	hydrogels					662:670	HA-Tyr hydrogels	655:670	HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength	655:703	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	5	76	theme	substrates	848:857	arg1	composition					809:819	chemical composition	800:819	chemical composition	800:819	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	5	76	theme	substrates	848:857	arg1	strength					836:843	mechanical strength	825:843	mechanical strength	825:843	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	14	77	theme	hESCs	2170:2174	arg1	self-renewal					2154:2165	self-renewal	2154:2165	self-renewal	2154:2165	Then, we characterized hESCs cultured in hydrogels with lower mechanical strength that best supported the self-renewal of hESCs.
26112373	6	78	theme	compressive	956:966	arg1	modulus					968:974	a compressive modulus	954:974	a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa	954:984	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	8	79	theme	CD44	1327:1330	arg1	expression					1313:1322	high expression	1308:1322	high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers	1308:1355	The hESCs cultured in HA-Tyr hydrogels showed high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers.
26112373	13	80	theme	strength	1979:1986	arg1	effects					1957:1963	the effects	1953:1963	the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D	1953:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	1	81	theme	human	127:131	arg1	cells					148:152	human embryonic stem cells	127:152	human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)	127:160	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	1	81	theme	human	127:131	arg1	hESCs					155:159	hESCs	155:159	hESCs	155:159	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	8	82	theme	pluripotency	1336:1347	arg1	markers					1349:1355	pluripotency markers	1336:1355	pluripotency markers	1336:1355	The hESCs cultured in HA-Tyr hydrogels showed high expression of CD44 and pluripotency markers.
26112373	0	83	theme	embryonic	80:88	arg1	cells					95:99	human embryonic stem cells	74:99	human embryonic stem cells	74:99	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	4	84	theme	H2O2	623:626	arg1	concentration					628:640	the HRP and H2O2 concentration	611:640	concentration	628:640	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	1	85	theme	stem	143:146	arg1	cells					148:152	human embryonic stem cells	127:152	human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)	127:160	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	1	85	theme	stem	143:146	arg1	hESCs					155:159	hESCs	155:159	hESCs	155:159	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	13	86	theme	photo-crosslinked	1892:1908	arg1	systems					1919:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems	1877:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported	1877:1934	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	0	87	theme	cells	95:99	arg1	propagation					59:69	the propagation	55:69	the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D	55:105	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	15	88	theme	reliable	2202:2209	arg1	approach					2211:2218	a reliable approach	2200:2218	a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D	2200:2264	Hence, we demonstrated a reliable approach for the controlled propagation of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	4	89	theme	mechanical	685:694	arg1	strength					696:703	different mechanical strength	675:703	different mechanical strength	675:703	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	16	90	theme	cell-based	2341:2350	arg1	therapy					2352:2358	stem cell-based therapy	2336:2358	stem cell-based therapy	2336:2358	We believe that such an approach would facilitate the development of stem cell-based therapy towards clinical applications.
26112373	6	91	theme	hESCs	1017:1021	arg1	proliferation					1000:1012	the proliferation	996:1012	the proliferation of hESCs	996:1021	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	6	92	theme	MEF	1102:1104	arg1	medium					1119:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	10	93	theme	genetic	1494:1500	arg1	integrity					1502:1510	the genetic integrity	1490:1510	the genetic integrity of the hESCs	1490:1523	In addition, the genetic integrity of the hESCs was unaffected in the 3D cultivation system.
26112373	1	94	theme	cell	214:217	arg1	process					229:235	the cell expansion process	210:235	the cell expansion process	210:235	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	13	95	theme	other	1877:1881	arg1	systems					1919:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems	1877:1925	other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported	1877:1934	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	5	96	theme	chemical	800:807	arg1	composition					809:819	chemical composition	800:819	chemical composition	800:819	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	4	97	from	hESCs	748:752	arg1	scaffolds					763:771	these scaffolds	757:771	these scaffolds	757:771	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	6	98	theme	fibroblast	1090:1099	arg1	medium					1119:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	14	99	theme	lower	2104:2108	arg1	strength					2121:2128	lower mechanical strength	2104:2128	lower mechanical strength	2104:2128	Then, we characterized hESCs cultured in hydrogels with lower mechanical strength that best supported the self-renewal of hESCs.
26112373	2	100	theme	hyaluronic	379:388	arg1	hydrogel					413:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	360:420	an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	360:465	Herein, we report an enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	1	101	theme	high	271:274	arg1	quality					276:282	high quality	271:282	high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine	271:339	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	4	102	from	properties	734:743	arg1	scaffolds					763:771	these scaffolds	757:771	these scaffolds	757:771	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	6	103	theme	mouse	1074:1078	arg1	medium					1119:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium	1074:1124	The HA-Tyr hydrogel with a compressive modulus of ∼350Pa supported the proliferation of hESCs at the pluripotent state in both mTeSR1 medium and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-conditioned medium.
26112373	10	104	theme	hESCs	1519:1523	arg1	integrity					1502:1510	the genetic integrity	1490:1510	the genetic integrity of the hESCs	1490:1523	In addition, the genetic integrity of the hESCs was unaffected in the 3D cultivation system.
26112373	11	105	theme	cells	1707:1711	arg1	expansion					1673:1681	the expansion	1669:1681	the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications	1669:1749	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	4	106	theme	hESCs	748:752	arg1	properties					734:743	the self-renewal properties	717:743	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds	717:771	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	11	107	theme	embryonic	1692:1700	arg1	cells					1707:1711	human embryonic stem cells	1686:1711	human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)	1686:1719	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	11	107	theme	embryonic	1692:1700	arg1	hESCs					1714:1718	hESCs	1714:1718	hESCs	1714:1718	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	5	108	dep	cell	892:895	arg1	proliferation					897:909	proliferation	897:909	proliferation	897:909	We observed that both the chemical composition and mechanical strength of substrates were important factors affecting cell proliferation and pluripotency.
26112373	11	109	theme	study	1614:1618	arg1	scope					1600:1604	The scope	1596:1604	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study	1570:1618	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	1	110	theme	regenerative	319:330	arg1	medicine					332:339	regenerative medicine	319:339	regenerative medicine	319:339	The propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds facilitates the cell expansion process and supplies pluripotent cells of high quality for broad-spectrum applications in regenerative medicine.
26112373	13	111	theme	self-renewal	2008:2019	arg1	properties					2021:2030	the self-renewal properties	2004:2030	the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D	2004:2045	Unlike other HA-based photo-crosslinked hydrogel systems reported, we investigated the effects of mechanical strength of hydrogels on the self-renewal properties of hESCs in 3D.
26112373	9	112	theme	embryonic	1433:1441	arg1	layers					1448:1453	all three embryonic germ layers	1423:1453	all three embryonic germ layers	1423:1453	These cells exhibited the capability to form cell derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers in vitro and in vivo.
26112373	12	113	theme	acid-tyramine	1792:1804	arg1	hydrogel					1815:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel	1762:1822	an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D	1762:1867	We report an enzyme mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) hydrogel that encapsulated and propagated hESCs in 3D.
26112373	11	114	dep	STATEMENT	1570:1578	arg1	scope					1600:1604	The scope	1596:1604	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study	1570:1618	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The scope of this study is to provide a stable 3D cultivation system for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) towards clinical applications.
26112373	4	115	theme	HRP	615:617	arg1	concentration					628:640	the HRP and H2O2 concentration	611:640	concentration	628:640	By changing the HRP and H2O2 concentration, we prepared HA-Tyr hydrogels of different mechanical strength and studied the self-renewal properties of hESCs in these scaffolds.
26112373	0	116	theme	hyaluronic	16:25	arg1	acid-tyramine					27:39	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine	0:39	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine	0:39	Enzyme-mediated hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells in 3D.
26112373	9	117	theme	layers	1448:1453	arg1	derivatives					1408:1418	cell derivatives	1403:1418	cell derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers	1403:1453	These cells exhibited the capability to form cell derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers in vitro and in vivo.
26876829	0	0	theme	catalytic	95:103	arg1	activity					105:112	superior catalytic activity	86:112	superior catalytic activity	86:112	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	5	1	theme	turnover	769:776	arg1	frequency					778:786	the turnover frequency	765:786	the turnover frequency	765:786	The maximum apparent rate constant reached 1.47×10(-2)s(-1), and the turnover frequency reached 641h(-1).
26876829	1	2	theme	environmentally	168:182	arg1	friendly					184:191	environmentally friendly and sustainable resources	168:217	friendly	184:191	The emphasis of science and technology shifts toward environmentally friendly and sustainable resources and processes.
26876829	0	3	theme	superior	86:93	arg1	activity					105:112	superior catalytic activity	86:112	superior catalytic activity	86:112	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	6	4	theme	superior	810:817	arg1	performance					829:839	The superior catalytic performance	806:839	The superior catalytic performance	806:839	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	3	5	theme	nanocrystal	386:396	arg1	AuNPs					414:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs	376:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs	376:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	6	6	theme	AuNPs	897:901	arg1	amount					870:875	the large amount	860:875	the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	860:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	6	6	theme	AuNPs	897:901	arg1	AuNPs					897:901	highly dispersed AuNPs	880:901	highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	880:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	5	7	theme	maximum	704:710	arg1	constant					726:733	The maximum apparent rate constant	700:733	The maximum apparent rate constant	700:733	The maximum apparent rate constant reached 1.47×10(-2)s(-1), and the turnover frequency reached 641h(-1).
26876829	2	8	theme	gold	315:318	arg1	AuNPs					335:339	AuNPs	335:339	AuNPs	335:339	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	2	8	theme	gold	315:318	arg1	nanoparticles					320:332	biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles	293:332	biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)	293:340	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	6	9	theme	dispersed	887:895	arg1	AuNPs					897:901	highly dispersed AuNPs	880:901	highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	880:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	5	10	theme	apparent	712:719	arg1	constant					726:733	The maximum apparent rate constant	700:733	The maximum apparent rate constant	700:733	The maximum apparent rate constant reached 1.47×10(-2)s(-1), and the turnover frequency reached 641h(-1).
26876829	2	11	theme	biomaterial-supported	293:313	arg1	AuNPs					335:339	AuNPs	335:339	AuNPs	335:339	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	2	11	theme	biomaterial-supported	293:313	arg1	nanoparticles					320:332	biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles	293:332	biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)	293:340	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	3	12	theme	glycol	498:503	arg1	mixture					457:463	the aqueous mixture	445:463	the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol	445:503	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	13	theme	Cellulose	376:384	arg1	CNC					399:401	CNC	399:401	CNC	399:401	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	13	theme	Cellulose	376:384	arg1	nanocrystal					386:396	Cellulose nanocrystal	376:396	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs	376:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	8	14	theme	industrial	1134:1143	arg1	applications					1157:1168	industrial and medical applications	1134:1168	industrial and medical applications	1134:1168	The synthesis is eco-friendly, facile and low-cost, thus has great potential for industrial and medical applications.
26876829	1	15	theme	sustainable	197:207	arg1	resources					209:217	environmentally friendly and sustainable resources	168:217	resources	209:217	The emphasis of science and technology shifts toward environmentally friendly and sustainable resources and processes.
26876829	3	16	theme	-supported	403:412	arg1	AuNPs					414:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs	376:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs	376:418	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	4	17	theme	resultant	581:589	arg1	AuNPs					605:609	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs	577:609	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs	577:609	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs exhibited catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride.
26876829	0	18	theme	Facile	0:5	arg1	synthesis					17:25	Facile and green synthesis	0:25	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	0:65	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	7	19	theme	AuNPs	1025:1029	arg1	%					1016:1016	nearly 60%	1007:1016	nearly 60% of the AuNPs	1007:1029	About 90% of the AuNPs are smaller than 10nm, and nearly 60% of the AuNPs are smaller than 5nm.
26876829	7	19	theme	AuNPs	1025:1029	arg1	AuNPs					1025:1029	the AuNPs	1021:1029	the AuNPs	1021:1029	About 90% of the AuNPs are smaller than 10nm, and nearly 60% of the AuNPs are smaller than 5nm.
26876829	3	20	theme	aqueous	449:455	arg1	mixture					457:463	the aqueous mixture	445:463	the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol	445:503	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	21	theme	CNCs	476:479	arg1	mixture					457:463	the aqueous mixture	445:463	the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol	445:503	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	0	22	theme	green	11:15	arg1	synthesis					17:25	Facile and green synthesis	0:25	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	0:65	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	4	23	theme	CNC-supported	591:603	arg1	AuNPs					605:609	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs	577:609	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs	577:609	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs exhibited catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride.
26876829	6	24	theme	large	864:868	arg1	amount					870:875	the large amount	860:875	the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	860:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	6	24	theme	large	864:868	arg1	AuNPs					897:901	highly dispersed AuNPs	880:901	highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	880:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	2	25	theme	nanoparticles	320:332	arg1	synthesis					280:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis	252:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity	252:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	6	26	theme	few	908:910	arg1	nanometers					912:921	few nanometers	908:921	few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	908:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	4	27	theme	4-nitrophenol	663:675	arg1	reduction					650:658	the reduction	646:658	the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride	646:697	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs exhibited catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride.
26876829	0	28	theme	cellulose	30:38	arg1	gold					62:65	cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	30:65	cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	30:65	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	2	29	theme	catalytic	356:364	arg1	activity					366:373	superior catalytic activity	347:373	superior catalytic activity	347:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	2	30	theme	facile	254:259	arg1	synthesis					280:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis	252:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity	252:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	3	31	theme	HAuCl4	468:473	arg1	mixture					457:463	the aqueous mixture	445:463	the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol	445:503	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	4	32	theme	sodium	680:685	arg1	borohydride					687:697	sodium borohydride	680:697	sodium borohydride	680:697	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs exhibited catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride.
26876829	0	33	theme	gold	62:65	arg1	synthesis					17:25	Facile and green synthesis	0:25	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	0:65	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	3	34	theme	toxic	515:519	arg1	chemicals					521:529	toxic chemicals	515:529	toxic chemicals	515:529	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	34	theme	toxic	515:519	arg1	condition					540:548	extreme condition	532:548	extreme condition	532:548	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	34	theme	toxic	515:519	arg1	procedure					566:574	complicated procedure	554:574	complicated procedure	554:574	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	5	35	theme	rate	721:724	arg1	constant					726:733	The maximum apparent rate constant	700:733	The maximum apparent rate constant	700:733	The maximum apparent rate constant reached 1.47×10(-2)s(-1), and the turnover frequency reached 641h(-1).
26876829	0	36	theme	nanocrystal-supported	40:60	arg1	gold					62:65	cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	30:65	cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold	30:65	Facile and green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal-supported gold nanoparticles with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	3	37	theme	polyethylene	485:496	arg1	glycol					498:503	polyethylene glycol	485:503	polyethylene glycol	485:503	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	1	38	theme	science	131:137	arg1	emphasis					119:126	The emphasis	115:126	The emphasis of science and technology	115:152	The emphasis of science and technology shifts toward environmentally friendly and sustainable resources and processes.
26876829	2	39	theme	green	274:278	arg1	synthesis					280:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis	252:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity	252:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	7	40	theme	AuNPs	974:978	arg1	%					965:965	About 90%	957:965	About 90% of the AuNPs	957:978	About 90% of the AuNPs are smaller than 10nm, and nearly 60% of the AuNPs are smaller than 5nm.
26876829	7	40	theme	AuNPs	974:978	arg1	AuNPs					974:978	the AuNPs	970:978	the AuNPs	970:978	About 90% of the AuNPs are smaller than 10nm, and nearly 60% of the AuNPs are smaller than 5nm.
26876829	2	41	theme	superior	347:354	arg1	activity					366:373	superior catalytic activity	347:373	superior catalytic activity	347:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	6	42	with	AuNPs	897:901	arg1	nanometers					912:921	few nanometers	908:921	few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs	908:954	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	3	43	theme	complicated	554:564	arg1	chemicals					521:529	toxic chemicals	515:529	toxic chemicals	515:529	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	43	theme	complicated	554:564	arg1	procedure					566:574	complicated procedure	554:574	complicated procedure	554:574	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	1	44	theme	technology	143:152	arg1	emphasis					119:126	The emphasis	115:126	The emphasis of science and technology	115:152	The emphasis of science and technology shifts toward environmentally friendly and sustainable resources and processes.
26876829	2	45	with	synthesis	280:288	arg1	activity					366:373	superior catalytic activity	347:373	superior catalytic activity	347:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	6	46	theme	catalytic	819:827	arg1	performance					829:839	The superior catalytic performance	806:839	The superior catalytic performance	806:839	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
26876829	2	47	theme	one-pot	262:268	arg1	synthesis					280:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis	252:288	a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity	252:373	Herein, we report a facile, one-pot and green synthesis of biomaterial-supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with superior catalytic activity.
26876829	4	48	theme	catalytic	621:629	arg1	activities					631:640	catalytic activities	621:640	catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride	621:697	The resultant CNC-supported AuNPs exhibited catalytic activities for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride.
26876829	8	49	theme	medical	1149:1155	arg1	applications					1157:1168	industrial and medical applications	1134:1168	industrial and medical applications	1134:1168	The synthesis is eco-friendly, facile and low-cost, thus has great potential for industrial and medical applications.
26876829	8	50	theme	great	1114:1118	arg1	potential					1120:1128	great potential	1114:1128	great potential for industrial and medical applications	1114:1168	The synthesis is eco-friendly, facile and low-cost, thus has great potential for industrial and medical applications.
26876829	3	51	theme	extreme	532:538	arg1	chemicals					521:529	toxic chemicals	515:529	toxic chemicals	515:529	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	3	51	theme	extreme	532:538	arg1	condition					540:548	extreme condition	532:548	extreme condition	532:548	Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-supported AuNPs were prepared by heating the aqueous mixture of HAuCl4, CNCs and polyethylene glycol, avoiding toxic chemicals, extreme condition and complicated procedure.
26876829	6	52	from	nanometers	912:921	arg1	size					926:929	size	926:929	size	926:929	The superior catalytic performance can be ascribed to the large amount of highly dispersed AuNPs with few nanometers in size which are loaded on CNCs.
27055482	4	0	theme	miRNA	799:803	arg1	efficiency					818:827	in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency	790:827	in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency	790:827	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	5	1	theme	REDV	833:836	arg1	modification					838:849	REDV modification	833:849	REDV modification	833:849	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	7	2	theme	miRNA	1326:1330	arg1	carrier					1332:1338	a miRNA carrier	1324:1338	a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1324:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	7	2	theme	miRNA	1326:1330	arg1	polyplex					1286:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	1	3	theme	cancer	239:244	arg1	diseases					246:253	cardiovascular and cancer diseases	220:253	diseases	246:253	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	3	4	theme	ethylene	457:464	arg1	linker					480:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker	437:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	437:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	4	5	dep	morphology	583:592	arg1	The					579:581	The	579:581	The	579:581	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	7	6	theme	artificial	1343:1352	arg1	vessels					1360:1366	artificial blood vessels	1343:1366	artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1343:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	5	7	theme	increased	917:925	arg1	expression					927:936	increased expression	917:936	increased expression of miRNA-126	917:949	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	5	8	theme	enhanced	955:962	arg1	proliferation					968:980	enhanced VEC proliferation	955:980	enhanced VEC proliferation	955:980	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	0	9	theme	PEG-trimethyl	90:102	arg1	chitosan					104:111	PEG-trimethyl chitosan	90:111	PEG-trimethyl chitosan	90:111	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide modified PEG-trimethyl chitosan.
27055482	4	10	theme	transfection	805:816	arg1	efficiency					818:827	in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency	790:827	in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency	790:827	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	4	11	theme	polyplex/miRNA	635:648	arg1	TMC-g-PEG/miRNA					680:694	TMC-g-PEG/miRNA	680:694	TMC-g-PEG/miRNA	680:694	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	4	11	theme	polyplex/miRNA	635:648	arg1	TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA					700:719	TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA	700:719	TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA	700:719	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	4	11	theme	polyplex/miRNA	635:648	arg1	TMC/miRNA					669:677	TMC/miRNA	669:677	TMC/miRNA	669:677	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	4	11	theme	polyplex/miRNA	635:648	arg1	complexes					650:658	the polyplex/miRNA complexes	631:658	the polyplex/miRNA complexes	631:658	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	6	12	theme	targeted	1106:1113	arg1	modification					1128:1139	targeted peptide REDV modification	1106:1139	targeted peptide REDV modification	1106:1139	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	2	13	theme	efficient	270:278	arg1	delivery					280:287	efficient delivery	270:287	efficient delivery of miRNAs to a specific vascular tissue	270:327	Nevertheless, efficient delivery of miRNAs to a specific vascular tissue is limited.
27055482	5	14	theme	TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA	856:875	arg1	complex					877:883	the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex	852:883	the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex	852:883	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	3	15	theme	PEG	475:477	arg1	linker					480:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker	437:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	437:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	7	16	from	carrier	1332:1338	arg1	vessels					1360:1366	artificial blood vessels	1343:1366	artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1343:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	3	17	theme	trimethyl	408:416	arg1	TMC					428:430	TMC	428:430	TMC	428:430	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	17	theme	trimethyl	408:416	arg1	chitosan					418:425	trimethyl chitosan	408:425	trimethyl chitosan (TMC)	408:431	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	18	theme	short	357:361	arg1	peptide					363:369	a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val	355:385	a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV)	355:392	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	18	theme	short	357:361	arg1	REDV					388:391	REDV	388:391	REDV	388:391	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	4	19	theme	in	790:791	arg1	efficiency					818:827	in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency	790:827	in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency	790:827	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	2	20	theme	specific	304:311	arg1	tissue					322:327	a specific vascular tissue	302:327	a specific vascular tissue	302:327	Nevertheless, efficient delivery of miRNAs to a specific vascular tissue is limited.
27055482	0	21	theme	Targeted	0:7	arg1	delivery					9:16	Targeted delivery	0:16	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide	0:79	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide modified PEG-trimethyl chitosan.
27055482	3	22	attach	linked	398:403	arg2	REDV					388:391	REDV	388:391	REDV	388:391	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	22	attach	linked	398:403	arg3	work					349:352	this work	344:352	this work	344:352	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	22	attach	linked	398:403	arg2	peptide					363:369	a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val	355:385	a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV)	355:392	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	22	attach	linked	398:403	arg1	chitosan					418:425	trimethyl chitosan	408:425	trimethyl chitosan (TMC)	408:431	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	22	attach	linked	398:403	arg1	TMC					428:430	TMC	428:430	TMC	428:430	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	22	attach	linked	398:403	arg3	linker					480:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker	437:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	437:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	5	23	theme	negligible	892:901	arg1	cytotoxicity					903:914	negligible cytotoxicity	892:914	negligible cytotoxicity	892:914	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	0	24	theme	microRNA-126	21:32	arg1	delivery					9:16	Targeted delivery	0:16	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide	0:79	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide modified PEG-trimethyl chitosan.
27055482	4	25	theme	cellular	755:762	arg1	uptake					764:769	the cellular uptake	751:769	the cellular uptake	751:769	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	6	26	theme	REDV	1123:1126	arg1	modification					1128:1139	targeted peptide REDV modification	1106:1139	targeted peptide REDV modification	1106:1139	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	6	27	theme	miRNA	1087:1091	arg1	delivery					1093:1100	the miRNA delivery	1083:1100	the miRNA delivery	1083:1100	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	6	28	theme	selective	1153:1161	arg1	uptake					1163:1168	the selective uptake	1149:1168	the selective uptake	1149:1168	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	2	29	theme	miRNAs	292:297	arg1	delivery					280:287	efficient delivery	270:287	efficient delivery of miRNAs to a specific vascular tissue	270:327	Nevertheless, efficient delivery of miRNAs to a specific vascular tissue is limited.
27055482	0	30	theme	vascular	37:44	arg1	cells					58:62	vascular endothelial cells	37:62	vascular endothelial cells	37:62	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide modified PEG-trimethyl chitosan.
27055482	3	31	theme	poly	452:455	arg1	linker					480:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker	437:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	437:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	7	32	theme	peptide-modified	1259:1274	arg1	polyplex					1286:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	7	32	theme	peptide-modified	1259:1274	arg1	carrier					1332:1338	a miRNA carrier	1324:1338	a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1324:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	6	33	theme	muscle	1214:1219	arg1	cells					1221:1225	vascular smooth muscle cells	1198:1225	vascular smooth muscle cells	1198:1225	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	1	34	theme	emerging	191:198	arg1	strategies					200:209	the emerging strategies	187:209	the emerging strategies	187:209	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	6	35	theme	smooth	1207:1212	arg1	cells					1221:1225	vascular smooth muscle cells	1198:1225	vascular smooth muscle cells	1198:1225	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	7	36	theme	blood	1354:1358	arg1	vessels					1360:1366	artificial blood vessels	1343:1366	artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1343:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	1	37	theme	strategies	200:209	arg1	one					180:182	one	180:182	one	180:182	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	1	37	theme	strategies	200:209	arg1	strategies					200:209	the emerging strategies	187:209	the emerging strategies	187:209	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	3	38	theme	Arg-Glu-Asp-Val	371:385	arg1	peptide					363:369	a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val	355:385	a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV)	355:392	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	38	theme	Arg-Glu-Asp-Val	371:385	arg1	REDV					388:391	REDV	388:391	REDV	388:391	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	6	39	theme	vascular	1198:1205	arg1	cells					1221:1225	vascular smooth muscle cells	1198:1225	vascular smooth muscle cells	1198:1225	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	3	40	theme	bifunctional	439:450	arg1	linker					480:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker	437:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	437:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	0	41	theme	endothelial	46:56	arg1	cells					58:62	vascular endothelial cells	37:62	vascular endothelial cells	37:62	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide modified PEG-trimethyl chitosan.
27055482	5	42	theme	TMC/miRNA	1000:1008	arg1	complexes					1030:1038	the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes	996:1038	the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes	996:1038	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	3	43	theme	microRNA-126	516:527	arg1	delivery					504:511	the targeted delivery	491:511	the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	491:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	1	44	theme	gene	130:133	arg1	expression					135:144	gene expression	130:144	gene expression	130:144	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	3	45	theme	targeted	495:502	arg1	delivery					504:511	the targeted delivery	491:511	the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	491:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	5	46	theme	TMC-g-PEG/miRNA	1014:1028	arg1	complexes					1030:1038	the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes	996:1038	the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes	996:1038	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	3	47	theme	vascular	544:551	arg1	VECs					572:575	VECs	572:575	VECs	572:575	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	47	theme	vascular	544:551	arg1	cells					565:569	vascular endothelial cells	544:569	vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	544:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	1	48	theme	expression	135:144	arg1	Manipulation					114:125	Manipulation	114:125	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs)	114:175	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	7	49	theme	rapid	1372:1376	arg1	endothelialization					1378:1395	rapid endothelialization	1372:1395	rapid endothelialization	1372:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	5	50	theme	miRNA-126	941:949	arg1	cytotoxicity					903:914	negligible cytotoxicity	892:914	negligible cytotoxicity	892:914	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	5	50	theme	miRNA-126	941:949	arg1	expression					927:936	increased expression	917:936	increased expression of miRNA-126	917:949	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	5	50	theme	miRNA-126	941:949	arg1	proliferation					968:980	enhanced VEC proliferation	955:980	enhanced VEC proliferation	955:980	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	6	51	theme	VECs	1188:1191	arg1	uptake					1163:1168	the selective uptake	1149:1168	the selective uptake	1149:1168	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	6	51	theme	VECs	1188:1191	arg1	growth					1178:1183	the growth	1174:1183	the growth of VECs	1174:1191	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	3	52	theme	endothelial	553:563	arg1	VECs					572:575	VECs	572:575	VECs	572:575	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	3	52	theme	endothelial	553:563	arg1	cells					565:569	vascular endothelial cells	544:569	vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	544:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	2	53	theme	vascular	313:320	arg1	tissue					322:327	a specific vascular tissue	302:327	a specific vascular tissue	302:327	Nevertheless, efficient delivery of miRNAs to a specific vascular tissue is limited.
27055482	4	54	theme	complexes	650:658	arg1	cytotoxicity					615:626	cytotoxicity	615:626	cytotoxicity	615:626	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	4	54	theme	complexes	650:658	arg1	morphology					583:592	morphology	583:592	morphology	583:592	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	4	54	theme	complexes	650:658	arg1	stability					601:609	serum stability	595:609	serum stability	595:609	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	0	55	theme	REDV	68:71	arg1	peptide					73:79	REDV peptide	68:79	REDV peptide	68:79	Targeted delivery of microRNA-126 to vascular endothelial cells via REDV peptide modified PEG-trimethyl chitosan.
27055482	7	56	theme	TMC-g-PEG	1276:1284	arg1	polyplex					1286:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	7	56	theme	TMC-g-PEG	1276:1284	arg1	carrier					1332:1338	a miRNA carrier	1324:1338	a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1324:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	5	57	theme	VEC	964:966	arg1	proliferation					968:980	enhanced VEC proliferation	955:980	enhanced VEC proliferation	955:980	By REDV modification, the TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA complex showed negligible cytotoxicity, increased expression of miRNA-126 and enhanced VEC proliferation compared with the TMC/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG/miRNA complexes.
27055482	3	58	theme	glycol	466:471	arg1	linker					480:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker	437:485	a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs)	437:576	In this work, a short peptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV) was linked to trimethyl chitosan (TMC) via a bifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linker for the targeted delivery of microRNA-126 (miRNA-126) to vascular endothelial cells (VECs).
27055482	4	59	dep	in	790:791	arg1	vitro					793:797	vitro	793:797	vitro	793:797	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27055482	1	60	theme	cardiovascular	220:233	arg1	diseases					246:253	cardiovascular and cancer diseases	220:253	diseases	246:253	Manipulation of gene expression by means of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the emerging strategies to treat cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
27055482	6	61	theme	peptide	1115:1121	arg1	modification					1128:1139	targeted peptide REDV modification	1106:1139	targeted peptide REDV modification	1106:1139	In particular, the approaches adopted for the miRNA delivery and targeted peptide REDV modification promote the selective uptake and the growth of VECs over vascular smooth muscle cells.
27055482	7	62	theme	REDV	1254:1257	arg1	polyplex					1286:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	7	62	theme	REDV	1254:1257	arg1	carrier					1332:1338	a miRNA carrier	1324:1338	a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1324:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	7	63	used	used	1316:1319	arg2	carrier					1332:1338	a miRNA carrier	1324:1338	a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization	1324:1395	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	7	63	used	used	1316:1319	arg2	polyplex					1286:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex	1250:1293	It was suggested that the REDV peptide-modified TMC-g-PEG polyplex could be potentially used as a miRNA carrier in artificial blood vessels for rapid endothelialization.
27055482	4	64	theme	serum	595:599	arg1	stability					601:609	serum stability	595:609	serum stability	595:609	The morphology, serum stability and cytotoxicity of the polyplex/miRNA complexes, namely, TMC/miRNA, TMC-g-PEG/miRNA and TMC-g-PEG-REDV/miRNA, were investigated along with the cellular uptake, proliferation and in vitro miRNA transfection efficiency.
27423948	8	0	from	concentration	1952:1964	arg1	milk					1990:1993	porcine milk	1982:1993	porcine milk	1982:1993	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	9	1	theme	milk	2266:2269	arg1	composition					2271:2281	porcine milk composition	2258:2281	porcine milk composition	2258:2281	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	0	2	from	level	34:38	arg1	milk					149:152	porcine milk	141:152	porcine milk during lactation	141:169	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	2	3	theme	sialylated	343:352	arg1	glycoconjugates					354:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates	332:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC)	332:377	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	3	theme	sialylated	343:352	arg1	compounds					393:401	bioactive compounds	383:401	bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics	383:428	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	3	theme	sialylated	343:352	arg1	Sia-GC					371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	1	4	theme	human	265:269	arg1	oligosaccharide					287:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide	265:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS)	265:311	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	4	theme	human	265:269	arg1	Sia-MOS					304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	9	5	theme	optimal	2291:2297	arg1	growth					2299:2304	growth	2299:2304	growth	2299:2304	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	8	6	theme	important	2020:2028	arg1	Sia-GC					2009:2014	Sia-GC	2009:2014	Sia-GC	2009:2014	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	8	6	theme	important	2020:2028	arg1	nutrients					2030:2038	important nutrients	2020:2038	important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets	2020:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	4	7	theme	total	641:645	arg1	level					647:651	the total level	637:651	the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk	637:780	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	7	8	theme	following	1152:1160	arg1	findings					1166:1173	The following new findings	1148:1173	The following new findings	1148:1173	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	6	9	theme	fluorescence	1125:1136	arg1	detector					1138:1145	a fluorescence detector	1123:1145	a fluorescence detector	1123:1145	Standard and experimental samples were derivatized using 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxy-benzene and analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector.
27423948	7	10	theme	major	1561:1565	arg1	form					1567:1570	the major form	1557:1570	the major form	1557:1570	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	10	theme	major	1561:1565	arg1	Neu5Ac					1546:1551	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac	1148:1551	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac	1148:1551	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	11	theme	transition	1326:1335	arg1	mg/L					1378:1381	347.2 mg/L	1372:1381	347.2 mg/L	1372:1381	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	11	theme	transition	1326:1335	arg1	milk					1337:1340	transition milk	1326:1340	transition milk (778.3 mg/L)	1326:1353	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	11	theme	transition	1326:1335	arg1	mg/L					1349:1352	778.3 mg/L	1343:1352	778.3 mg/L	1343:1352	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	3	12	theme	Sia	548:550	arg1	content					552:558	the Sia content	544:558	the Sia content of porcine milk	544:574	Only limited data are available on the Sia content of porcine milk.
27423948	1	13	theme	key	195:197	arg1	acids					179:183	Sialic acids	172:183	Sialic acids (Sia)	172:189	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	13	theme	key	195:197	arg1	constituents					214:225	key monosaccharide constituents	195:225	key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides	195:329	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	7	14	theme	ganglioside	1804:1814	arg1	Sia					1816:1818	ganglioside Sia	1804:1818	ganglioside Sia	1804:1818	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	0	15	theme	porcine	141:147	arg1	milk					149:152	porcine milk	141:152	porcine milk during lactation	141:169	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	7	16	theme	lactation	1678:1686	arg1	stage					1669:1673	stage	1669:1673	stage of lactation	1669:1686	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	16	theme	lactation	1678:1686	arg1	fraction					1657:1664	milk fraction	1652:1664	milk fraction	1652:1664	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	8	17	theme	neurodevelopment	2079:2094	arg1	optimization					2063:2074	the optimization	2059:2074	the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets	2059:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	2	18	from	maturation	485:494	arg1	newborns					499:506	newborns	499:506	newborns	499:506	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	3	19	theme	milk	571:574	arg1	content					552:558	the Sia content	544:558	the Sia content of porcine milk	544:574	Only limited data are available on the Sia content of porcine milk.
27423948	8	20	theme	immune	2097:2102	arg1	function					2104:2111	immune function	2097:2111	immune function	2097:2111	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	4	21	theme	N-glycolylneuraminic	694:713	arg1	Neu5Gc					721:726	Neu5Gc	721:726	Neu5Gc	721:726	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	4	21	theme	N-glycolylneuraminic	694:713	arg1	acid					715:718	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	694:718	N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)	694:727	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	4	22	theme	N-acetylneuraminic	660:677	arg1	acid					679:682	Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid	656:682	Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac)	656:691	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	4	22	theme	N-acetylneuraminic	660:677	arg1	Neu5Ac					685:690	Neu5Ac	685:690	Neu5Ac	685:690	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	0	23	theme	N-acetylneuraminic	56:73	arg1	acid					75:78	N-acetylneuraminic acid	56:78	N-acetylneuraminic acid	56:78	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	23	theme	N-acetylneuraminic	56:73	arg1	acids					50:54	sialic acids	43:54	sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	43:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	1	24	theme	gangliosides	318:329	arg1	acids					179:183	Sialic acids	172:183	Sialic acids (Sia)	172:189	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	24	theme	gangliosides	318:329	arg1	constituents					214:225	key monosaccharide constituents	195:225	key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides	195:329	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	8	25	theme	growth	2118:2123	arg1	optimization					2063:2074	the optimization	2059:2074	the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets	2059:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	2	26	theme	gut	481:483	arg1	maturation					485:494	gut maturation	481:494	gut maturation	481:494	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	8	27	from	optimization	2063:2074	arg1	piglets					2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	1	28	gly	sialylated	230:239	arg1	glycoproteins					241:253	sialylated glycoproteins	230:253	sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP)	230:262	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	28	gly	sialylated	230:239	arg1	Sia-GP					256:261	Sia-GP	256:261	Sia-GP	256:261	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	29	theme	Sialic	172:177	arg1	Sia					186:188	Sia	186:188	Sia	186:188	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	29	theme	Sialic	172:177	arg1	acids					179:183	Sialic acids	172:183	Sialic acids (Sia)	172:189	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	29	theme	Sialic	172:177	arg1	constituents					214:225	key monosaccharide constituents	195:225	key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides	195:329	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	9	30	theme	important	2179:2187	arg1	rationale					2189:2197	an important rationale	2176:2197	an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets	2176:2331	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	7	31	from	Sia-MOS	1474:1480	arg1	gangliosides					1519:1530	gangliosides	1519:1530	gangliosides	1519:1530	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	4	32	theme	acid	755:758	arg1	level					647:651	the total level	637:651	the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk	637:780	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	7	33	theme	milk	1652:1655	arg1	fraction					1657:1664	milk fraction	1652:1664	milk fraction	1652:1664	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	5	34	from	gilts	861:865	arg1	Milk					849:852	Milk	849:852	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows	849:877	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	2	35	from	function	467:474	arg1	newborns					499:506	newborns	499:506	newborns	499:506	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	7	36	theme	Sia-GP	1921:1926	arg1	concentration					1904:1916	a significantly higher concentration	1881:1916	a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk	1881:1940	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	0	37	theme	Molecular	0:8	arg1	characterization					10:25	Molecular characterization	0:25	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.	0:170	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	1	38	theme	sialylated	271:280	arg1	oligosaccharide					287:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide	265:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS)	265:311	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	38	theme	sialylated	271:280	arg1	Sia-MOS					304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	8	39	from	neurodevelopment	2079:2094	arg1	piglets					2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	7	40	theme	smaller	1497:1503	arg1	%					1538:1538	12-28%	1533:1538	12-28%	1533:1538	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	40	theme	smaller	1497:1503	arg1	proportion					1505:1514	a smaller proportion	1495:1514	a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%)	1495:1539	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	41	theme	highest	1263:1269	arg1	mg/L					1307:1310	1,238.5 mg/L	1299:1310	1,238.5 mg/L	1299:1310	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	41	theme	highest	1263:1269	arg1	concentration					1271:1283	the highest concentration	1259:1283	the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L)	1259:1311	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	1	42	theme	oligosaccharide	287:301	arg1	acids					179:183	Sialic acids	172:183	Sialic acids (Sia)	172:189	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	42	theme	oligosaccharide	287:301	arg1	constituents					214:225	key monosaccharide constituents	195:225	key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides	195:329	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	8	43	from	growth	2118:2123	arg1	piglets					2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	7	44	from	Sia	1714:1716	arg1	Sia-GP					1721:1726	Sia-GP	1721:1726	Sia-GP	1721:1726	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	44	from	Sia	1714:1716	arg1	Sia-MOS					1732:1738	Sia-MOS	1732:1738	Sia-MOS	1732:1738	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	2	45	gly	sialylated	343:352	arg1	glycoconjugates					354:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates	332:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC)	332:377	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	45	gly	sialylated	343:352	arg1	compounds					393:401	bioactive compounds	383:401	bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics	383:428	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	45	gly	sialylated	343:352	arg1	Sia-GC					371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	0	46	theme	level	34:38	arg1	characterization					10:25	Molecular characterization	0:25	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.	0:170	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	8	47	theme	total	1969:1973	arg1	Sia					1975:1977	total Sia	1969:1977	total Sia	1969:1977	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	7	48	theme	Sia	1249:1251	arg1	levels					1233:1238	significant levels	1221:1238	significant levels of total Sia	1221:1251	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	2	49	theme	immune	460:465	arg1	function					467:474	immune function	460:474	immune function	460:474	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	50	theme	milk	338:341	arg1	glycoconjugates					354:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates	332:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC)	332:377	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	50	theme	milk	338:341	arg1	compounds					393:401	bioactive compounds	383:401	bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics	383:428	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	50	theme	milk	338:341	arg1	Sia-GC					371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	0	51	theme	sialic	43:48	arg1	acid					133:136	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	112:136	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	112:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	51	theme	sialic	43:48	arg1	acid					75:78	N-acetylneuraminic acid	56:78	N-acetylneuraminic acid	56:78	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	51	theme	sialic	43:48	arg1	acid					102:105	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	81:105	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	81:105	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	51	theme	sialic	43:48	arg1	acids					50:54	sialic acids	43:54	sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	43:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	8	52	from	piglets	2144:2150	arg1	optimization					2063:2074	the optimization	2059:2074	the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets	2059:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	5	53	theme	mature	946:951	arg1	milk					953:956	mature milk	946:956	mature milk	946:956	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	6	54	theme	ultra-high-performance	1072:1093	arg1	chromatography					1102:1115	ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography	1072:1115	ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector	1072:1145	Standard and experimental samples were derivatized using 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxy-benzene and analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector.
27423948	7	55	theme	Sia	1423:1425	arg1	majority					1411:1418	the majority	1407:1418	the majority of Sia	1407:1425	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	56	theme	gilt	1861:1864	arg1	milk					1866:1869	(5) mature gilt milk	1850:1869	(5) mature gilt milk	1850:1869	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	57	theme	higher	1897:1902	arg1	concentration					1904:1916	a significantly higher concentration	1881:1916	a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk	1881:1940	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	8	58	from	development	2129:2139	arg1	piglets					2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	7	59	theme	significant	1221:1231	arg1	levels					1233:1238	significant levels	1221:1238	significant levels of total Sia	1221:1251	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	5	60	from	sows	874:877	arg1	Milk					849:852	Milk	849:852	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows	849:877	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	1	61	theme	glycoproteins	241:253	arg1	acids					179:183	Sialic acids	172:183	Sialic acids (Sia)	172:189	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	61	theme	glycoproteins	241:253	arg1	constituents					214:225	key monosaccharide constituents	195:225	key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides	195:329	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	7	62	theme	significant	1749:1759	arg1	decline					1761:1767	a significant decline	1747:1767	a significant decline during lactation	1747:1784	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	63	theme	new	1162:1164	arg1	findings					1166:1173	The following new findings	1148:1173	The following new findings	1148:1173	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	64	from	concentration	1271:1283	arg1	colostrum					1288:1296	colostrum	1288:1296	colostrum	1288:1296	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	65	dep	form	1567:1570	arg1	4					1690:1690	4	1690:1690	4	1690:1690	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	65	dep	form	1567:1570	arg1	concentration					1697:1709	the concentration	1693:1709	the concentration	1693:1709	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	65	dep	form	1567:1570	arg1	of					1711:1712	of	1711:1712	of	1711:1712	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	8	66	theme	high	1947:1950	arg1	concentration					1952:1964	The high concentration	1943:1964	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk	1943:1993	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	9	67	from	inclusion	2207:2215	arg1	replacers					2239:2247	pig milk replacers	2230:2247	pig milk replacers	2230:2247	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	4	68	theme	sow	822:824	arg1	milk					826:829	sow milk	822:829	sow milk	822:829	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	7	69	theme	Sia	1575:1577	arg1	form					1567:1570	the major form	1557:1570	the major form	1557:1570	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	69	theme	Sia	1575:1577	arg1	Neu5Ac					1546:1551	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac	1148:1551	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac	1148:1551	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	70	theme	mature	1359:1364	arg1	milk					1366:1369	mature milk	1359:1369	mature milk	1359:1369	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	4	71	from	level	647:651	arg1	milk					777:780	porcine milk	769:780	porcine milk	769:780	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	9	72	theme	milk	2234:2237	arg1	replacers					2239:2247	pig milk replacers	2230:2247	pig milk replacers	2230:2247	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	2	73	from	neurodevelopment	442:457	arg1	newborns					499:506	newborns	499:506	newborns	499:506	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	9	74	theme	piglets	2325:2331	arg1	development					2310:2320	development	2310:2320	development	2310:2320	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	9	74	theme	piglets	2325:2331	arg1	growth					2299:2304	growth	2299:2304	growth	2299:2304	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	1	75	theme	monosaccharide	199:212	arg1	acids					179:183	Sialic acids	172:183	Sialic acids (Sia)	172:189	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	75	theme	monosaccharide	199:212	arg1	constituents					214:225	key monosaccharide constituents	195:225	key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides	195:329	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	7	76	theme	Sia	1816:1818	arg1	level					1795:1799	the level	1791:1799	the level of ganglioside Sia	1791:1818	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	3	77	theme	porcine	563:569	arg1	milk					571:574	porcine milk	563:574	porcine milk	563:574	Only limited data are available on the Sia content of porcine milk.
27423948	1	78	gly	sialylated	271:280	arg1	oligosaccharide					287:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide	265:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS)	265:311	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	78	gly	sialylated	271:280	arg1	Sia-MOS					304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	8	79	theme	function	2104:2111	arg1	optimization					2063:2074	the optimization	2059:2074	the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets	2059:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	7	80	from	proportion	1505:1514	arg1	gangliosides					1519:1530	gangliosides	1519:1530	gangliosides	1519:1530	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	81	dep	conjugated	1431:1440	arg1	followed					1462:1469	followed	1462:1469	followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%)	1462:1539	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	81	dep	conjugated	1431:1440	arg1	during					1389:1394	during	1389:1394	during	1389:1394	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	81	dep	conjugated	1431:1440	arg1	2					1386:1386	2	1386:1386	2	1386:1386	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	4	82	theme	Sia	656:658	arg1	acid					679:682	Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid	656:682	Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac)	656:691	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	4	82	theme	Sia	656:658	arg1	Neu5Ac					685:690	Neu5Ac	685:690	Neu5Ac	685:690	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	0	83	theme	N-glycolylneuraminic	81:100	arg1	acid					102:105	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	81:105	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	81:105	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	83	theme	N-glycolylneuraminic	81:100	arg1	acids					50:54	sialic acids	43:54	sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	43:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	84	from	characterization	10:25	arg1	milk					149:152	porcine milk	141:152	porcine milk during lactation	141:169	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	4	85	theme	acid	679:682	arg1	level					647:651	the total level	637:651	the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk	637:780	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	7	86	contain	contained	1871:1879	arg2	concentration					1904:1916	a significantly higher concentration	1881:1916	a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk	1881:1940	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	86	contain	contained	1871:1879	arg1	milk					1866:1869	(5) mature gilt milk	1850:1869	(5) mature gilt milk	1850:1869	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	87	dep	contained	1211:1219	arg1	3					1543:1543	3	1543:1543	3	1543:1543	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	88	dep	Neu5Ac	1546:1551	arg1	reported					1179:1186	reported	1179:1186	are reported	1175:1186	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	0	89	theme	ketodeoxynonulosonic	112:131	arg1	acid					133:136	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	112:136	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	112:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	89	theme	ketodeoxynonulosonic	112:131	arg1	acids					50:54	sialic acids	43:54	sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	43:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	4	90	from	levels	803:808	arg1	gilt					813:816	gilt	813:816	gilt	813:816	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	4	90	from	levels	803:808	arg1	milk					826:829	sow milk	822:829	sow milk	822:829	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	8	91	from	function	2104:2111	arg1	piglets					2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	piglets	2144:2150	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	1	92	gly	glycoproteins	241:253	arg1	glycoproteins					241:253	sialylated glycoproteins	230:253	sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP)	230:262	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	92	gly	glycoproteins	241:253	arg1	Sia-GP					256:261	Sia-GP	256:261	Sia-GP	256:261	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	4	93	theme	ketodeoxynonulosonic	734:753	arg1	KDN					761:763	KDN	761:763	KDN	761:763	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	4	93	theme	ketodeoxynonulosonic	734:753	arg1	acid					755:758	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	734:758	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN)	734:764	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	2	94	theme	bioactive	383:391	arg1	glycoconjugates					354:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates	332:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC)	332:377	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	94	theme	bioactive	383:391	arg1	compounds					393:401	bioactive compounds	383:401	bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics	383:428	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	7	95	dep	Gilt	1193:1196	arg1	1					1190:1190	1	1190:1190	1	1190:1190	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	96	contain	contained	1211:1219	arg1	Gilt					1193:1196	(1) Gilt	1189:1196	(1) Gilt	1189:1196	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	96	contain	contained	1211:1219	arg2	levels					1233:1238	significant levels	1221:1238	significant levels of total Sia	1221:1251	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	7	96	contain	contained	1211:1219	arg1	milk					1206:1209	sow milk	1202:1209	sow milk	1202:1209	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	6	97	theme	experimental	973:984	arg1	samples					986:992	Standard and experimental samples	960:992	Standard and experimental samples	960:992	Standard and experimental samples were derivatized using 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxy-benzene and analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector.
27423948	4	98	theme	acid	715:718	arg1	level					647:651	the total level	637:651	the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk	637:780	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	1	99	theme	milk	282:285	arg1	oligosaccharide					287:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide	265:301	human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS)	265:311	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	99	theme	milk	282:285	arg1	Sia-MOS					304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sia-MOS	304:310	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	6	100	theme	Standard	960:967	arg1	samples					986:992	Standard and experimental samples	960:992	Standard and experimental samples	960:992	Standard and experimental samples were derivatized using 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxy-benzene and analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector.
27423948	7	101	theme	sow	1933:1935	arg1	milk					1937:1940	sow milk	1933:1940	sow milk	1933:1940	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	9	102	theme	Sia-GC	2220:2225	arg1	inclusion					2207:2215	the inclusion	2203:2215	the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers	2203:2247	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	5	103	dep	lactation	908:916	arg1	colostrum					919:927	colostrum	919:927	colostrum	919:927	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	5	103	dep	lactation	908:916	arg1	milk					953:956	mature milk	946:956	mature milk	946:956	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	5	103	dep	lactation	908:916	arg1	transition					930:939	transition	930:939	transition	930:939	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	0	104	dep	acids	50:54	arg1	acid					133:136	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	112:136	ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	112:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	104	dep	acids	50:54	arg1	acid					75:78	N-acetylneuraminic acid	56:78	N-acetylneuraminic acid	56:78	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	104	dep	acids	50:54	arg1	acid					102:105	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	81:105	N-glycolylneuraminic acid	81:105	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	0	104	dep	acids	50:54	arg1	acids					50:54	sialic acids	43:54	sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid	43:136	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	7	105	theme	total	1243:1247	arg1	Sia					1249:1251	total Sia	1243:1251	total Sia	1243:1251	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	4	106	theme	porcine	769:775	arg1	milk					777:780	porcine milk	769:780	porcine milk	769:780	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	0	107	theme	acids	50:54	arg1	level					34:38	the level	30:38	the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation	30:169	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	9	108	theme	pig	2230:2232	arg1	replacers					2239:2247	pig milk replacers	2230:2247	pig milk replacers	2230:2247	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	9	109	theme	porcine	2258:2264	arg1	composition					2271:2281	porcine milk composition	2258:2281	porcine milk composition	2258:2281	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	6	110	theme	liquid	1095:1100	arg1	chromatography					1102:1115	ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography	1072:1115	ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector	1072:1145	Standard and experimental samples were derivatized using 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxy-benzene and analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector.
27423948	9	111	dep	growth	2299:2304	arg1	the					2287:2289	the	2287:2289	the	2287:2289	These findings provide an important rationale for the inclusion of Sia-GC in pig milk replacers to mimic porcine milk composition for the optimal growth and development of piglets.
27423948	2	112	theme	Human	332:336	arg1	glycoconjugates					354:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates	332:368	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC)	332:377	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	112	theme	Human	332:336	arg1	compounds					393:401	bioactive compounds	383:401	bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics	383:428	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	2	112	theme	Human	332:336	arg1	Sia-GC					371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Sia-GC	371:376	Human milk sialylated glycoconjugates (Sia-GC) are bioactive compounds known to act as prebiotics and promote neurodevelopment, immune function, and gut maturation in newborns.
27423948	8	113	theme	Sia	1975:1977	arg1	concentration					1952:1964	The high concentration	1943:1964	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk	1943:1993	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	5	114	theme	lactation	908:916	arg1	stages					898:903	3 stages	896:903	3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk)	896:957	Milk from 8 gilts and 22 sows was collected at 3 stages of lactation (colostrum, transition, and mature milk).
27423948	0	115	from	milk	149:152	arg1	characterization					10:25	Molecular characterization	0:25	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.	0:170	Molecular characterization of the level of sialic acids N-acetylneuraminic acid, N-glycolylneuraminic acid, and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid in porcine milk during lactation.
27423948	7	116	dep	reported	1179:1186	arg1	contained					1211:1219	contained	1211:1219	contained	1211:1219	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	1	117	theme	sialylated	230:239	arg1	glycoproteins					241:253	sialylated glycoproteins	230:253	sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP)	230:262	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	1	117	theme	sialylated	230:239	arg1	Sia-GP					256:261	Sia-GP	256:261	Sia-GP	256:261	Sialic acids (Sia) are key monosaccharide constituents of sialylated glycoproteins (Sia-GP), human sialylated milk oligosaccharide (Sia-MOS), and gangliosides.
27423948	8	118	theme	porcine	1982:1988	arg1	milk					1990:1993	porcine milk	1982:1993	porcine milk	1982:1993	The high concentration of total Sia in porcine milk suggests that Sia-GC are important nutrients that contribute to the optimization of neurodevelopment, immune function, and growth and development in piglets.
27423948	7	119	theme	sow	1202:1204	arg1	milk					1206:1209	sow milk	1202:1209	sow milk	1202:1209	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	4	120	theme	study	599:603	arg1	objective					581:589	The objective	577:589	The objective of this study	577:603	The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the total level of Sia N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), and ketodeoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) in porcine milk and to compare these levels in gilt and sow milk during lactation.
27423948	7	121	theme	mature	1854:1859	arg1	milk					1866:1869	(5) mature gilt milk	1850:1869	(5) mature gilt milk	1850:1869	The following new findings are reported: (1) Gilt and sow milk contained significant levels of total Sia, with the highest concentration in colostrum (1,238.5 mg/L), followed by transition milk (778.3 mg/L) and mature milk (347.2 mg/L); (2) during lactation, the majority of Sia was conjugated to Sia-GP (41-46%), followed by Sia-MOS (31-42%) and a smaller proportion in gangliosides (12-28%); (3) Neu5Ac was the major form of Sia (93-96%), followed by Neu5Gc (3-6%) and then KDN (1-2%), irrespective of milk fraction or stage of lactation; (4) the concentration of Sia in Sia-GP and Sia-MOS showed a significant decline during lactation, but the level of ganglioside Sia remained relatively constant; (5) mature gilt milk contained a significantly higher concentration of Sia-GP than sow milk.
27423948	3	122	theme	limited	514:520	arg1	data					522:525	Only limited data	509:525	Only limited data	509:525	Only limited data are available on the Sia content of porcine milk.
26501384	0	0	theme	Fibroblasts	65:75	arg1	Adhesion					32:39	Adhesion	32:39	Adhesion	32:39	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	0	0	theme	Fibroblasts	65:75	arg1	Migration					46:54	Migration	46:54	Migration	46:54	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	0	0	theme	Fibroblasts	65:75	arg1	Viability					21:29	Viability	21:29	Viability	21:29	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	2	1	theme	culture	464:470	arg1	conditions					472:481	2D and 3D culture conditions	454:481	2D and 3D culture conditions	454:481	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	10	2	theme	cell	1386:1389	arg1	adhesion					1391:1398	cell adhesion	1386:1398	cell adhesion	1386:1398	These findings support the hypothesis that HA-Ge MRCH promotes cell adhesion and migration; thereby they constitute a promising biomaterial for vocal fold repair.
26501384	10	3	theme	promising	1441:1449	arg1	biomaterial					1451:1461	a promising biomaterial	1439:1461	a promising biomaterial for vocal fold repair	1439:1483	These findings support the hypothesis that HA-Ge MRCH promotes cell adhesion and migration; thereby they constitute a promising biomaterial for vocal fold repair.
26501384	5	4	theme	migration	836:844	arg1	study					822:826	the study	818:826	the study of cell migration	818:844	The microgels are then encapsulated in a 3D HA hydrogel for the study of cell migration.
26501384	10	5	theme	vocal	1467:1471	arg1	repair					1478:1483	vocal fold repair	1467:1483	vocal fold repair	1467:1483	These findings support the hypothesis that HA-Ge MRCH promotes cell adhesion and migration; thereby they constitute a promising biomaterial for vocal fold repair.
26501384	1	6	theme	hyaluronic	258:267	arg1	acid					269:272	cross-linked hyaluronic acid	245:272	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	1	6	theme	hyaluronic	258:267	arg1	HA					275:276	HA	275:276	HA	275:276	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	0	7	theme	Human	59:63	arg1	Fibroblasts					65:75	Human Fibroblasts	59:75	Human Fibroblasts	59:75	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	4	8	theme	cell	743:746	arg1	membrane					748:755	the cell membrane	739:755	the cell membrane	739:755	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	8	9	theme	lobopodial	1174:1183	arg1	migration					1185:1193	lobopodial migration	1174:1193	lobopodial migration	1174:1193	Average cell speed during lobopodial migration is greater than that during lamellipodial migration.
26501384	1	10	theme	acid	269:272	arg1	microgels					302:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	7	11	theme	lamellipodial	1087:1099	arg1	migration					1106:1114	lamellipodial cell migration	1087:1114	lamellipodial cell migration	1087:1114	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	0	12	from	Investigation	0:12	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	4	13	theme	integrin	727:734	arg1	expression					710:719	the ubiquitous expression	695:719	the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane	695:755	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	6	14	theme	composite	894:902	arg1	scaffold					920:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	6	15	contain	have	929:932	arg1	cells					851:855	The cells	847:855	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	847:927	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	6	15	contain	have	929:932	arg2	speed					954:958	an average motility speed	934:958	an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1)	934:984	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	4	16	theme	β1	724:725	arg1	integrin					727:734	β1 integrin	724:734	β1 integrin	724:734	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	7	17	theme	lobopodial	1072:1081	arg1	modes					1116:1120	lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes	1072:1120	lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold	1072:1145	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	3	18	theme	hVFF	527:530	arg1	cells					533:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	9	19	theme	HA-Ge	1294:1298	arg1	gel					1300:1302	the HA-Ge gel	1290:1302	the HA-Ge gel without microgels	1290:1320	The cells move faster in the MRCH than in the HA-Ge gel without microgels.
26501384	0	20	theme	Acid/Gelatin	93:104	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	1	21	theme	vocal	348:352	arg1	injury					359:364	vocal fold injury	348:364	vocal fold injury	348:364	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	3	22	theme	fold	510:513	arg1	cells					533:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	4	23	theme	hVFF	628:631	arg1	cells					633:637	hVFF cells	628:637	hVFF cells	628:637	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	2	24	theme	Cell	380:383	arg1	integrins					394:402	Cell adhesion integrins	380:402	Cell adhesion integrins	380:402	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	0	25	theme	Hyaluronic	82:91	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	0	26	from	Adhesion	32:39	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	6	27	theme	motility	945:952	arg1	speed					954:958	an average motility speed	934:958	an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1)	934:984	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	7	28	theme	MRCH	1133:1136	arg1	scaffold					1138:1145	the MRCH scaffold	1129:1145	the MRCH scaffold	1129:1145	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	3	29	theme	fibroblast	515:524	arg1	cells					533:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	7	30	theme	migration	1106:1114	arg1	modes					1116:1120	lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes	1072:1120	lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold	1072:1145	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	2	31	theme	3D	461:462	arg1	conditions					472:481	2D and 3D culture conditions	454:481	2D and 3D culture conditions	454:481	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	7	32	theme	recorded	992:999	arg1	images					1013:1018	The recorded microscopic images	988:1018	The recorded microscopic images	988:1018	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	1	33	link	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	acid					269:272	cross-linked hyaluronic acid	245:272	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	1	33	link	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	HA					275:276	HA	275:276	HA	275:276	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	4	34	theme	ubiquitous	699:708	arg1	expression					710:719	the ubiquitous expression	695:719	the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane	695:755	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	1	35	theme	potential	185:193	arg1	use					195:197	The potential use	181:197	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	181:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	2	36	theme	motion	427:432	arg1	integrins					394:402	Cell adhesion integrins	380:402	Cell adhesion integrins	380:402	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	2	36	theme	motion	427:432	arg1	kinematics					408:417	kinematics	408:417	kinematics of cell motion	408:432	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	7	37	theme	microscopic	1001:1011	arg1	images					1013:1018	The recorded microscopic images	988:1018	The recorded microscopic images	988:1018	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	0	38	theme	Viability	21:29	arg1	Investigation					0:12	Investigation	0:12	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.	0:179	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	1	39	theme	-gelatin	278:285	arg1	microgels					302:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	0	40	theme	Composite	126:134	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	8	41	theme	Average	1148:1154	arg1	speed					1161:1165	Average cell speed	1148:1165	Average cell speed during lobopodial migration	1148:1193	Average cell speed during lobopodial migration is greater than that during lamellipodial migration.
26501384	7	42	theme	cell	1101:1104	arg1	migration					1106:1114	lamellipodial cell migration	1087:1114	lamellipodial cell migration	1087:1114	The recorded microscopic images reveal features that are presumably associated with lobopodial and lamellipodial cell migration modes within the MRCH scaffold.
26501384	6	43	theme	MRCH	914:917	arg1	scaffold					920:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	0	44	theme	Microgel-Reinforced	106:124	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	4	45	theme	effective	649:657	arg1	adhesion					659:666	effective adhesion	649:666	effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels	649:685	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	6	46	theme	min	978:980	arg1	speed					954:958	an average motility speed	934:958	an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1)	934:984	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	0	47	theme	Adhesion	32:39	arg1	Investigation					0:12	Investigation	0:12	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.	0:179	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	1	48	theme	Ge	288:289	arg1	microgels					302:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	5	49	theme	3D	799:800	arg1	hydrogel					805:812	a 3D HA hydrogel	797:812	a 3D HA hydrogel for the study of cell migration	797:844	The microgels are then encapsulated in a 3D HA hydrogel for the study of cell migration.
26501384	1	50	theme	novel	204:208	arg1	biomaterial					219:229	a novel scaffold biomaterial	202:229	a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	202:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	2	51	theme	2D	454:455	arg1	conditions					472:481	2D and 3D culture conditions	454:481	2D and 3D culture conditions	454:481	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	6	52	theme	hydrogel	904:911	arg1	scaffold					920:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	6	53	theme	average	937:943	arg1	speed					954:958	an average motility speed	934:958	an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1)	934:984	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	3	54	theme	thin	595:598	arg1	film					600:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	2	55	theme	cell	422:425	arg1	motion					427:432	cell motion	422:432	cell motion	422:432	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	5	56	theme	HA	802:803	arg1	hydrogel					805:812	a 3D HA hydrogel	797:812	a 3D HA hydrogel for the study of cell migration	797:844	The microgels are then encapsulated in a 3D HA hydrogel for the study of cell migration.
26501384	1	57	theme	scaffold	210:217	arg1	biomaterial					219:229	a novel scaffold biomaterial	202:229	a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	202:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	10	58	theme	HA-Ge	1366:1370	arg1	MRCH					1372:1375	HA-Ge MRCH	1366:1375	HA-Ge MRCH	1366:1375	These findings support the hypothesis that HA-Ge MRCH promotes cell adhesion and migration; thereby they constitute a promising biomaterial for vocal fold repair.
26501384	1	59	theme	composite	292:300	arg1	microgels					302:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	0	60	theme	Fold	155:158	arg1	Regeneration					167:178	Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	149:178	Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	149:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	0	61	from	Migration	46:54	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	1	62	theme	fold	354:357	arg1	injury					359:364	vocal fold injury	348:364	vocal fold injury	348:364	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	4	63	theme	HA-Ge	671:675	arg1	microgels					677:685	HA-Ge microgels	671:685	HA-Ge microgels	671:685	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	8	64	theme	cell	1156:1159	arg1	speed					1161:1165	Average cell speed	1148:1165	Average cell speed during lobopodial migration	1148:1193	Average cell speed during lobopodial migration is greater than that during lamellipodial migration.
26501384	6	65	theme	microgel-reinforced	874:892	arg1	scaffold					920:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	0	66	theme	Vocal	149:153	arg1	Regeneration					167:178	Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	149:178	Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	149:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	3	67	theme	HA-Ge	553:557	arg1	microgels					559:567	HA-Ge microgels	553:567	HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film	553:603	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	8	68	theme	lamellipodial	1223:1235	arg1	migration					1237:1245	lamellipodial migration	1223:1245	lamellipodial migration	1223:1245	Average cell speed during lobopodial migration is greater than that during lamellipodial migration.
26501384	6	69	theme	HA-Ge	868:872	arg1	scaffold					920:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold	864:927	The cells within the HA-Ge microgel-reinforced composite hydrogel (MRCH) scaffold have an average motility speed of 0.24 ± 0.08 μm min(-1) .
26501384	3	70	theme	HA	583:584	arg1	film					600:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	4	71	from	expression	710:719	arg1	membrane					748:755	the cell membrane	739:755	the cell membrane	739:755	The results show that hVFF cells establish effective adhesion to HA-Ge microgels through the ubiquitous expression of β1 integrin in the cell membrane.
26501384	1	72	theme	biomaterial	219:229	arg1	use					195:197	The potential use	181:197	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	181:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	0	73	theme	Tissue	160:165	arg1	Regeneration					167:178	Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	149:178	Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	149:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	3	74	theme	hydrogel	586:593	arg1	film					600:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	5	75	theme	cell	831:834	arg1	migration					836:844	cell migration	831:844	cell migration	831:844	The microgels are then encapsulated in a 3D HA hydrogel for the study of cell migration.
26501384	0	76	from	Hydrogel	136:143	arg1	Investigation					0:12	Investigation	0:12	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.	0:179	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	2	77	theme	adhesion	385:392	arg1	integrins					394:402	Cell adhesion integrins	380:402	Cell adhesion integrins	380:402	Cell adhesion integrins and kinematics of cell motion are investigated in 2D and 3D culture conditions, respectively.
26501384	3	78	theme	Human	498:502	arg1	cells					533:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	10	79	theme	fold	1473:1476	arg1	repair					1478:1483	vocal fold repair	1467:1483	vocal fold repair	1467:1483	These findings support the hypothesis that HA-Ge MRCH promotes cell adhesion and migration; thereby they constitute a promising biomaterial for vocal fold repair.
26501384	0	80	theme	Migration	46:54	arg1	Investigation					0:12	Investigation	0:12	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.	0:179	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	0	81	from	Viability	21:29	arg1	Hydrogel					136:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel	80:143	a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration	80:178	Investigation of the Viability, Adhesion, and Migration of Human Fibroblasts in a Hyaluronic Acid/Gelatin Microgel-Reinforced Composite Hydrogel for Vocal Fold Tissue Regeneration.
26501384	3	82	theme	vocal	504:508	arg1	cells					533:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells	498:537	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	3	83	attach	attached	569:576	arg1	film					600:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	a HA hydrogel thin film	581:603	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	3	83	attach	attached	569:576	arg2	microgels					559:567	HA-Ge microgels	553:567	HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film	553:603	Human vocal fold fibroblast (hVFF) cells are seeded on HA-Ge microgels attached to a HA hydrogel thin film.
26501384	1	84	theme	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	acid					269:272	cross-linked hyaluronic acid	245:272	cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels	245:310	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26501384	1	84	theme	cross-linked	245:256	arg1	HA					275:276	HA	275:276	HA	275:276	The potential use of a novel scaffold biomaterial consisting of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-gelatin (Ge) composite microgels is investigated for use in treating vocal fold injury and scarring.
26684897	7	0	theme	metaproteomic	1303:1315	arg1	analysis					1317:1324	deep metaproteomic analysis	1298:1324	deep metaproteomic analysis	1298:1324	This approach provided large quantities of protein, which facilitated deep metaproteomic analysis.
26684897	10	1	theme	relative	1655:1662	arg1	patterns					1674:1681	protein relative abundance patterns	1647:1681	protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism	1647:1782	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	6	2	used	used	1045:1048	arg2	we					1042:1043	we	1042:1043	we	1042:1043	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	6	3	from	differences	1120:1130	arg1	composition					1145:1155	community composition	1135:1155	community composition	1135:1155	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	6	3	from	differences	1120:1130	arg1	absence					1208:1214	absence	1208:1214	absence	1208:1214	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	6	3	from	differences	1120:1130	arg1	abundance					1178:1186	protein relative abundance	1161:1186	protein relative abundance	1161:1186	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	6	3	from	differences	1120:1130	arg1	presence					1195:1202	presence	1195:1202	presence	1195:1202	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	13	4	theme	tooth	2323:2327	arg1	surfaces					2329:2336	at-risk tooth surfaces	2315:2336	at-risk tooth surfaces	2315:2336	It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
26684897	13	5	used	used	2300:2303	arg2	biomarkers					2275:2284	biomarkers	2275:2284	biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions	2275:2384	It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
26684897	11	6	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1879:1889	arg1	support					1904:1910	support	1904:1910	support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis	1904:2011	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	7	theme	dental	196:201	arg1	caries					203:208	dental caries	196:208	dental caries	196:208	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	6	8	theme	sucrose	1219:1225	arg1	absence					1208:1214	absence	1208:1214	absence	1208:1214	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	6	8	theme	sucrose	1219:1225	arg1	presence					1195:1202	presence	1195:1202	presence	1195:1202	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	8	9	theme	Community	1327:1335	arg1	composition					1337:1347	Community composition	1327:1347	Community composition	1327:1347	Community composition was evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomic approaches.
26684897	3	10	theme	oral	638:641	arg1	sites					643:647	healthy oral sites	630:647	healthy oral sites from different people	630:669	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	5	11	theme	better	943:948	arg1	biomarkers					950:959	better biomarkers	943:959	better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone	943:1016	In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone.
26684897	10	12	theme	lactate	1718:1724	arg1	production					1726:1735	lactate production	1718:1735	lactate production	1718:1735	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	11	13	theme	relative	1967:1974	arg1	abundance					1976:1984	protein relative abundance	1959:1984	protein relative abundance	1959:1984	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	5	14	theme	community-wide	887:900	arg1	abundance					919:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone.
26684897	12	15	theme	analysis	2124:2131	arg1	level					2101:2105	the deep level	2092:2105	the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it	2092:2134	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	10	16	theme	ammonia/glutamate	1755:1771	arg1	metabolism					1773:1782	ammonia/glutamate metabolism	1755:1782	ammonia/glutamate metabolism	1755:1782	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	0	17	theme	dental	154:159	arg1	caries					161:166	dental caries	154:166	dental caries	154:166	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	1	18	theme	frequent	233:240	arg1	factor					309:314	a major factor	301:314	a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis	301:381	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	18	theme	frequent	233:240	arg1	consumption					242:252	frequent consumption	233:252	frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose,	233:285	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	8	19	theme	rRNA	1373:1376	arg1	sequencing					1378:1387	16S rRNA sequencing	1369:1387	16S rRNA sequencing	1369:1387	Community composition was evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomic approaches.
26684897	6	20	theme	biofilm	1074:1080	arg1	model					1082:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model	1050:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries	1050:1103	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	2	21	theme	taxonomic	544:552	arg1	diversity					554:562	considerable taxonomic diversity	531:562	considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals	531:582	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	7	22	theme	deep	1298:1301	arg1	analysis					1317:1324	deep metaproteomic analysis	1298:1324	deep metaproteomic analysis	1298:1324	This approach provided large quantities of protein, which facilitated deep metaproteomic analysis.
26684897	1	23	theme	supragingival	328:340	arg1	microbiota					342:351	the supragingival microbiota	324:351	the supragingival microbiota	324:351	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	6	24	theme	oral	1059:1062	arg1	model					1082:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model	1050:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries	1050:1103	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	10	25	theme	functional	1565:1574	arg1	analysis					1576:1583	functional analysis	1565:1583	functional analysis using the SEED ontology	1565:1607	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	12	26	dep	analysis	2124:2131	arg1	it					2133:2134	it	2133:2134	it	2133:2134	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	11	27	theme	function-based	1933:1946	arg1	changes					1948:1954	function-based changes	1933:1954	function-based changes in protein relative abundance	1933:1984	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	11	27	theme	function-based	1933:1946	arg1	indicators					1989:1998	indicators	1989:1998	indicators of dysbiosis	1989:2011	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	0	28	theme	diverse	113:119	arg1	models					144:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models	99:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries	99:166	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	10	29	theme	SEED	1595:1598	arg1	ontology					1600:1607	the SEED ontology	1591:1607	the SEED ontology	1591:1607	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	2	30	theme	caries-associated	429:445	arg1	communities					447:457	caries-associated communities	429:457	caries-associated communities	429:457	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	0	31	theme	microcosm	126:134	arg1	models					144:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models	99:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries	99:166	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	1	32	theme	dysbiosis	373:381	arg1	direction					360:368	the direction	356:368	the direction of dysbiosis	356:381	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	12	33	theme	oral	2070:2073	arg1	environment					2075:2085	the oral environment	2066:2085	the oral environment	2066:2085	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	2	34	theme	16S	391:393	arg1	studies					406:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies	384:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies	384:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	0	35	theme	Protein	0:6	arg1	patterns					27:34	Protein relative abundance patterns	0:34	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis	0:76	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	9	36	theme	taxonomic	1428:1436	arg1	diversity					1438:1446	taxonomic diversity	1428:1446	taxonomic diversity	1428:1446	Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained.
26684897	10	37	theme	oral	1843:1846	arg1	communities					1866:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	0	38	theme	abundance	17:25	arg1	patterns					27:34	Protein relative abundance patterns	0:34	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis	0:76	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	13	39	theme	at-risk	2315:2321	arg1	surfaces					2329:2336	at-risk tooth surfaces	2315:2336	at-risk tooth surfaces	2315:2336	It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
26684897	6	40	theme	caries	1098:1103	arg1	model					1082:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model	1050:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries	1050:1103	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	3	41	from	people	664:669	arg1	sites					643:647	healthy oral sites	630:647	healthy oral sites from different people	630:669	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	10	42	theme	diverse	1825:1831	arg1	communities					1866:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	1	43	theme	major	303:307	arg1	factor					309:314	a major factor	301:314	a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis	301:381	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	43	theme	major	303:307	arg1	consumption					242:252	frequent consumption	233:252	frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose,	233:285	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	2	44	theme	supragingival	490:502	arg1	plaque					504:509	healthy supragingival plaque	482:509	healthy supragingival plaque	482:509	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	13	45	theme	carious	2370:2376	arg1	lesions					2378:2384	overt carious lesions	2364:2384	overt carious lesions	2364:2384	It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
26684897	10	46	theme	protein	1647:1653	arg1	patterns					1674:1681	protein relative abundance patterns	1647:1681	protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism	1647:1782	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	0	47	theme	sucrose-induced	52:66	arg1	dysbiosis					68:76	sucrose-induced dysbiosis	52:76	sucrose-induced dysbiosis	52:76	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	12	48	theme	microcosm	2018:2026	arg1	model					2028:2032	Our microcosm model	2014:2032	Our microcosm model	2014:2032	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	10	49	theme	biofilm	1858:1864	arg1	communities					1866:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	9	50	theme	considerable	1480:1491	arg1	variation					1507:1515	considerable inter-subject variation	1480:1515	considerable inter-subject variation in community composition	1480:1540	Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained.
26684897	6	51	dep	presence	1195:1202	arg1	the					1191:1193	the	1191:1193	the	1191:1193	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	1	52	theme	free	257:260	arg1	sugars					262:267	free sugars	257:267	free sugars	257:267	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	52	theme	free	257:260	arg1	sucrose					278:284	sucrose	278:284	notably sucrose	270:284	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	6	53	theme	protein	1161:1167	arg1	abundance					1178:1186	protein relative abundance	1161:1186	protein relative abundance	1161:1186	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	13	54	theme	lesions	2378:2384	arg1	development					2349:2359	the development	2345:2359	the development of overt carious lesions	2345:2384	It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
26684897	10	55	theme	abundance	1664:1672	arg1	patterns					1674:1681	protein relative abundance patterns	1647:1681	protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism	1647:1782	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	3	56	theme	individual	758:767	arg1	variation					769:777	an extensive individual variation	745:777	an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles	745:805	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	9	57	theme	community	1520:1528	arg1	composition					1530:1540	community composition	1520:1540	community composition	1520:1540	Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained.
26684897	3	58	theme	taxonomic	788:796	arg1	profiles					798:805	their taxonomic profiles	782:805	their taxonomic profiles	782:805	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	3	59	theme	Metagenomic	585:595	arg1	studies					597:603	Metagenomic studies	585:603	Metagenomic studies	585:603	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	10	60	from	changes	1636:1642	arg1	patterns					1674:1681	protein relative abundance patterns	1647:1681	protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism	1647:1782	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	3	61	from	variation	769:777	arg1	profiles					798:805	their taxonomic profiles	782:805	their taxonomic profiles	782:805	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	3	62	theme	healthy	630:636	arg1	sites					643:647	healthy oral sites	630:647	healthy oral sites from different people	630:669	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	1	63	theme	caries	203:208	arg1	multifactorial					213:226	multifactorial	213:226	multifactorial	213:226	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	63	theme	caries	203:208	arg1	etiology					184:191	The etiology	180:191	The etiology of dental caries	180:208	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	11	64	from	changes	1948:1954	arg1	abundance					1976:1984	protein relative abundance	1959:1984	protein relative abundance	1959:1984	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	0	65	theme	caries	161:166	arg1	models					144:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models	99:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries	99:166	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	3	66	theme	different	654:662	arg1	people					664:669	different people	654:669	different people	654:669	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	5	67	theme	protein	902:908	arg1	abundance					919:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone.
26684897	12	68	theme	metaproteomic	2110:2122	arg1	analysis					2124:2131	metaproteomic analysis	2110:2131	metaproteomic analysis it	2110:2134	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	6	69	dep	RESULTS	1019:1025	arg1	used					1045:1048	used	1045:1048	used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose	1045:1225	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	8	70	theme	16S	1369:1371	arg1	sequencing					1378:1387	16S rRNA sequencing	1369:1387	16S rRNA sequencing	1369:1387	Community composition was evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomic approaches.
26684897	11	71	theme	dysbiosis	2003:2011	arg1	changes					1948:1954	function-based changes	1933:1954	function-based changes in protein relative abundance	1933:1984	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	11	71	theme	dysbiosis	2003:2011	arg1	indicators					1989:1998	indicators	1989:1998	indicators of dysbiosis	1989:2011	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	6	72	theme	microcosm	1064:1072	arg1	model					1082:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model	1050:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries	1050:1103	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	2	73	theme	considerable	531:542	arg1	diversity					554:562	considerable taxonomic diversity	531:562	considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals	531:582	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	8	74	theme	metaproteomic	1393:1405	arg1	approaches					1407:1416	metaproteomic approaches	1393:1416	metaproteomic approaches	1393:1416	Community composition was evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomic approaches.
26684897	7	75	theme	protein	1271:1277	arg1	quantities					1257:1266	large quantities	1251:1266	large quantities	1251:1266	This approach provided large quantities of protein, which facilitated deep metaproteomic analysis.
26684897	12	76	theme	deep	2096:2099	arg1	level					2101:2105	the deep level	2092:2105	the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it	2092:2134	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	5	77	theme	dysbiosis	964:972	arg1	biomarkers					950:959	better biomarkers	943:959	better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone	943:1016	In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone.
26684897	6	78	theme	paired	1052:1057	arg1	model					1082:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model	1050:1086	a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries	1050:1103	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	11	79	theme	protein	1959:1965	arg1	abundance					1976:1984	protein relative abundance	1959:1984	protein relative abundance	1959:1984	CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis.
26684897	0	80	theme	oral	121:124	arg1	models					144:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models	99:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries	99:166	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	0	81	theme	biofilm	136:142	arg1	models					144:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models	99:149	taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries	99:166	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	5	82	from	shifts	877:882	arg1	abundance					919:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone.
26684897	12	83	theme	environment	2075:2085	arg1	aspects					2055:2061	all aspects	2051:2061	all aspects of the oral environment	2051:2085	Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis.
26684897	6	84	theme	community	1135:1143	arg1	composition					1145:1155	community composition	1135:1155	community composition	1135:1155	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	7	85	theme	large	1251:1255	arg1	quantities					1257:1266	large quantities	1251:1266	large quantities	1251:1266	This approach provided large quantities of protein, which facilitated deep metaproteomic analysis.
26684897	0	86	theme	relative	8:15	arg1	patterns					27:34	Protein relative abundance patterns	0:34	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis	0:76	Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries.
26684897	2	87	theme	Recent	384:389	arg1	studies					406:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies	384:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies	384:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	3	88	theme	gene	708:711	arg1	function					713:720	gene function	708:720	gene function	708:720	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	1	89	dep	BACKGROUND	169:178	arg1	appears					287:293	appears	287:293	appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis	287:381	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	89	dep	BACKGROUND	169:178	arg1	multifactorial					213:226	multifactorial	213:226	multifactorial	213:226	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	89	dep	BACKGROUND	169:178	arg1	etiology					184:191	The etiology	180:191	The etiology of dental caries	180:208	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	10	90	theme	dysbiotic	1833:1841	arg1	communities					1866:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	6	91	theme	dental	1091:1096	arg1	caries					1098:1103	dental caries	1091:1103	dental caries	1091:1103	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	9	92	theme	sucrose	1463:1469	arg1	pulsing					1471:1477	sucrose pulsing	1463:1477	sucrose pulsing	1463:1477	Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained.
26684897	9	93	from	variation	1507:1515	arg1	composition					1530:1540	community composition	1520:1540	community composition	1520:1540	Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained.
26684897	2	94	theme	healthy	482:488	arg1	plaque					504:509	healthy supragingival plaque	482:509	healthy supragingival plaque	482:509	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	4	95	theme	dysbiotic	840:848	arg1	communities					850:860	dysbiotic communities	840:860	dysbiotic communities	840:860	That pattern may also extend to dysbiotic communities.
26684897	10	96	theme	microcosm	1848:1856	arg1	communities					1866:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities	1811:1876	By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities.
26684897	9	97	theme	inter-subject	1493:1505	arg1	variation					1507:1515	considerable inter-subject variation	1480:1515	considerable inter-subject variation in community composition	1480:1540	Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained.
26684897	5	98	theme	relative	910:917	arg1	abundance					919:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	community-wide protein relative abundance	887:927	In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone.
26684897	6	99	theme	relative	1169:1176	arg1	abundance					1178:1186	protein relative abundance	1161:1186	protein relative abundance	1161:1186	RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose.
26684897	2	100	theme	rRNA-based	395:404	arg1	studies					406:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies	384:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies	384:412	Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals.
26684897	3	101	theme	extensive	748:756	arg1	variation					769:777	an extensive individual variation	745:777	an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles	745:805	Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles.
26684897	13	102	theme	overt	2364:2368	arg1	lesions					2378:2384	overt carious lesions	2364:2384	overt carious lesions	2364:2384	It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
26684897	1	103	theme	sugars	262:267	arg1	factor					309:314	a major factor	301:314	a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis	301:381	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26684897	1	103	theme	sugars	262:267	arg1	consumption					242:252	frequent consumption	233:252	frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose,	233:285	BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis.
26749566	0	0	theme	3D	98:99	arg1	alginate					101:108	3D alginate	98:108	3D alginate	98:108	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	2	1	theme	Varying	370:376	arg1	concentrations					378:391	Varying concentrations	370:391	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%)	370:417	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	4	2	from	cells	685:689	arg1	scaffolds					694:702	scaffolds	694:702	scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm	694:822	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	2	3	theme	pore	469:472	arg1	sizes					474:478	the pore sizes	465:478	the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication	465:512	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	6	4	theme	cell	1239:1242	arg1	differentiation					1244:1258	stem cell differentiation	1234:1258	stem cell differentiation	1234:1258	Overall, this study demonstrates the three-way relationship between 3D scaffolds, ECM composition, and stem cell differentiation.
26749566	1	5	theme	alginate	168:175	arg1	3D					164:165	3D	164:165	3D	164:165	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	5	theme	alginate	168:175	arg1	scaffolds					177:185	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds	145:185	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties	145:235	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	6	theme	%	1035:1035	arg1	scaffolds					1040:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	4	7	with	scaffolds	694:702	arg1	stiffness					709:717	stiffness	709:717	stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm	709:822	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	6	8	theme	stem	1234:1237	arg1	differentiation					1244:1258	stem cell differentiation	1234:1258	stem cell differentiation	1234:1258	Overall, this study demonstrates the three-way relationship between 3D scaffolds, ECM composition, and stem cell differentiation.
26749566	4	9	theme	less	759:762	arg1	stiffness					709:717	stiffness	709:717	stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm	709:822	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	5	10	theme	20	971:972	arg1	%					973:973	%	973:973	%	973:973	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	1	11	theme	scaffold	286:293	arg1	properties					295:304	the scaffold properties	282:304	the scaffold properties	282:304	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	0	12	theme	tunable	125:131	arg1	properties					133:142	tunable properties	125:142	tunable properties	125:142	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	5	13	theme	highest	1059:1065	arg1	secretion					1067:1075	the highest secretion	1055:1075	the highest secretion of collagen	1055:1087	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	3	14	theme	cell	524:527	arg1	proliferation					529:541	Enhanced cell proliferation	515:541	Enhanced cell proliferation	515:541	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	4	15	theme	other	673:677	arg1	hand					679:682	the other hand	669:682	the other hand	669:682	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	2	16	theme	scaffolds	487:495	arg1	post-fabrication					497:512	the scaffolds post-fabrication	483:512	the scaffolds post-fabrication	483:512	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	0	17	from	differentiation	49:63	arg1	alginate					101:108	3D alginate	98:108	3D alginate	98:108	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	0	18	link	adipose-derived	68:82	arg1	cells					89:93	adipose-derived stem cells	68:93	adipose-derived stem cells	68:93	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	5	19	theme	firming	975:981	arg1	FB					991:992	FB	991:992	FB	991:992	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	19	theme	firming	975:981	arg1	buffer					983:988	20% firming buffer	971:988	20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds	971:1003	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	2	20	theme	post-fabrication	497:512	arg1	stiffness					440:448	the stiffness	436:448	the stiffness	436:448	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	2	20	theme	post-fabrication	497:512	arg1	sizes					474:478	the pore sizes	465:478	the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication	465:512	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	2	20	theme	post-fabrication	497:512	arg1	porosity					451:458	porosity	451:458	porosity	451:458	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	0	21	theme	extracellular	14:26	arg1	formation					35:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	6	22	theme	ECM	1213:1215	arg1	composition					1217:1227	ECM composition	1213:1227	ECM composition	1213:1227	Overall, this study demonstrates the three-way relationship between 3D scaffolds, ECM composition, and stem cell differentiation.
26749566	1	23	theme	tunable	192:198	arg1	properties					226:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	0	24	theme	Cell-secreted	0:12	arg1	formation					35:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	1	25	theme	properties	295:304	arg1	effect					272:277	the effect	268:277	the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation	268:367	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	26	from	osteogenesis	1009:1020	arg1	scaffolds					1040:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	1	27	theme	mechanical	200:209	arg1	properties					226:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	3	28	with	scaffolds	569:577	arg1	stiffness					600:608	3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness	584:608	3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness	584:608	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	3	28	with	scaffolds	569:577	arg1	size					660:663	68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size	639:663	68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size	639:663	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	3	28	with	scaffolds	569:577	arg1	porosity					626:633	87.54 ± 18.33% porosity	611:633	87.54 ± 18.33% porosity	611:633	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	4	29	theme	pore	788:791	arg1	size					793:796	pore size	788:796	pore size	788:796	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	5	30	theme	terminal	946:953	arg1	adipogenesis					955:966	terminal adipogenesis	946:966	terminal adipogenesis	946:966	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	0	31	theme	matrix	28:33	arg1	formation					35:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	1	32	theme	stem	309:312	arg1	behavior					319:326	stem cell behavior	309:326	stem cell behavior	309:326	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	33	link	adipose-derived	901:915	arg1	cells					922:926	adipose-derived stem cells	901:926	adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds	901:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	33	link	adipose-derived	901:915	arg1	ASCs					929:932	ASCs	929:932	ASCs	929:932	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	3	34	theme	pore	655:658	arg1	size					660:663	68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size	639:663	68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size	639:663	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	5	35	theme	adipose-derived	901:915	arg1	cells					922:926	adipose-derived stem cells	901:926	adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds	901:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	35	theme	adipose-derived	901:915	arg1	ASCs					929:932	ASCs	929:932	ASCs	929:932	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	36	from	scaffolds	995:1003	arg1	scaffolds					1040:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	1	37	theme	structural	215:224	arg1	properties					226:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	38	theme	cell	314:317	arg1	behavior					319:326	stem cell behavior	309:326	stem cell behavior	309:326	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	39	from	effect	272:277	arg1	ECM					354:356	ECM	354:356	ECM	354:356	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	39	from	effect	272:277	arg1	behavior					319:326	stem cell behavior	309:326	stem cell behavior	309:326	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	39	from	effect	272:277	arg1	matrix					346:351	extracellular matrix	332:351	extracellular matrix (ECM)	332:357	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	40	theme	FB	1037:1038	arg1	scaffolds					1040:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	4	41	theme	less	798:801	arg1	stiffness					709:717	stiffness	709:717	stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm	709:822	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	2	42	theme	crosslinker	396:406	arg1	concentrations					378:391	Varying concentrations	370:391	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%)	370:417	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	5	43	theme	other	1104:1108	arg1	scaffolds					1120:1128	scaffolds	1120:1128	scaffolds	1120:1128	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	43	theme	other	1104:1108	arg1	groups					1110:1115	other groups	1104:1115	other groups of scaffolds	1104:1128	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	3	44	theme	68.33 ± 0.88	639:650	arg1	μm					652:653	μm	652:653	μm	652:653	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	6	45	theme	3D	1199:1200	arg1	scaffolds					1202:1210	3D scaffolds	1199:1210	3D scaffolds	1199:1210	Overall, this study demonstrates the three-way relationship between 3D scaffolds, ECM composition, and stem cell differentiation.
26749566	0	46	theme	adipose-derived	68:82	arg1	cells					89:93	adipose-derived stem cells	68:93	adipose-derived stem cells	68:93	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	3	47	theme	μm	652:653	arg1	size					660:663	68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size	639:663	68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size	639:663	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	3	48	theme	3.52 ± 0.59	584:594	arg1	kPa					596:598	kPa	596:598	kPa	596:598	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	1	49	dep	behavior	319:326	arg1	formation					359:367	formation	359:367	formation	359:367	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	50	theme	stem	917:920	arg1	cells					922:926	adipose-derived stem cells	901:926	adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds	901:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	50	theme	stem	917:920	arg1	ASCs					929:932	ASCs	929:932	ASCs	929:932	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	1	51	theme	extracellular	332:344	arg1	ECM					354:356	ECM	354:356	ECM	354:356	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	51	theme	extracellular	332:344	arg1	matrix					346:351	extracellular matrix	332:351	extracellular matrix (ECM)	332:357	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	52	theme	collagen	1080:1087	arg1	secretion					1067:1075	the highest secretion	1055:1075	the highest secretion of collagen	1055:1087	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	3	53	theme	kPa	596:598	arg1	stiffness					600:608	3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness	584:608	3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness	584:608	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	2	54	used	used	423:426	arg2	concentrations					378:391	Varying concentrations	370:391	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%)	370:417	Varying concentrations of crosslinker (20 - 60%) are used to tune the stiffness, porosity, and the pore sizes of the scaffolds post-fabrication.
26749566	5	55	theme	scaffolds	1120:1128	arg1	scaffolds					1120:1128	scaffolds	1120:1128	scaffolds	1120:1128	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	55	theme	scaffolds	1120:1128	arg1	groups					1110:1115	other groups	1104:1115	other groups of scaffolds	1104:1128	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	1	56	with	scaffolds	177:185	arg1	properties					226:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	tunable mechanical and structural properties	192:235	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	5	57	theme	%	1027:1027	arg1	scaffolds					1040:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	40% and 60% FB scaffolds	1025:1048	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	58	theme	buffer	983:988	arg1	scaffolds					995:1003	20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds	971:1003	20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds	971:1003	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	4	59	theme	greater	719:725	arg1	stiffness					709:717	stiffness	709:717	stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm	709:822	On the other hand, cells in scaffolds with stiffness greater than 11.61 ± 1.74 kPa, porosity less than 71.98 ± 6.25%, and pore size less than 64.15 ± 4.34 μm preferentially undergo osteogenesis.
26749566	6	60	theme	three-way	1168:1176	arg1	relationship					1178:1189	the three-way relationship	1164:1189	the three-way relationship between 3D scaffolds, ECM composition, and stem cell differentiation	1164:1258	Overall, this study demonstrates the three-way relationship between 3D scaffolds, ECM composition, and stem cell differentiation.
26749566	1	61	theme	dimensional	151:161	arg1	3D					164:165	3D	164:165	3D	164:165	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	1	61	theme	dimensional	151:161	arg1	scaffolds					177:185	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds	145:185	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties	145:235	Three dimensional (3D) alginate scaffolds with tunable mechanical and structural properties are explored for investigating the effect of the scaffold properties on stem cell behavior and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.
26749566	0	62	theme	cells	89:93	arg1	differentiation					49:63	differentiation	49:63	differentiation	49:63	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	0	62	theme	cells	89:93	arg1	formation					35:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation	0:43	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	5	63	theme	%	973:973	arg1	FB					991:992	FB	991:992	FB	991:992	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	5	63	theme	%	973:973	arg1	buffer					983:988	20% firming buffer	971:988	20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds	971:1003	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	3	64	theme	87.54 ± 18.33	611:623	arg1	%					624:624	%	624:624	%	624:624	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	5	65	theme	differentiation	878:892	arg1	media					894:898	differentiation media	878:898	differentiation media	878:898	When cultured in differentiation media, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) undergoing terminal adipogenesis in 20% firming buffer (FB) scaffolds and osteogenesis in 40% and 60% FB scaffolds show the highest secretion of collagen as compared to other groups of scaffolds.
26749566	0	66	theme	stem	84:87	arg1	cells					89:93	adipose-derived stem cells	68:93	adipose-derived stem cells	68:93	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	0	67	from	formation	35:43	arg1	alginate					101:108	3D alginate	98:108	3D alginate	98:108	Cell-secreted extracellular matrix formation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D alginate scaffolds with tunable properties.
26749566	3	68	theme	%	624:624	arg1	porosity					626:633	87.54 ± 18.33% porosity	611:633	87.54 ± 18.33% porosity	611:633	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
26749566	3	69	theme	Enhanced	515:522	arg1	proliferation					529:541	Enhanced cell proliferation	515:541	Enhanced cell proliferation	515:541	Enhanced cell proliferation and adipogenesis occur in scaffolds with 3.52 ± 0.59 kPa stiffness, 87.54 ± 18.33% porosity and 68.33 ± 0.88 μm pore size.
25476386	1	0	theme	assisted	230:237	arg1	method					257:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	4	1	theme	HAAs	780:783	arg1	presence					768:775	presence	768:775	presence of HAAs	768:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	2	2	theme	average	326:332	arg1	10nm					334:337	average 10nm	326:337	average 10nm in size	326:345	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	4	3	from	HAAs	631:634	arg1	range					676:680	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range	639:680	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching	639:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	1	4	theme	hydrochloric	239:250	arg1	method					257:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	0	5	theme	aromatic	95:102	arg1	amines					104:109	four heterocyclic aromatic amines	77:109	four heterocyclic aromatic amines	77:109	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	5	6	theme	notorious	902:910	arg1	value					918:922	a notorious added value	900:922	a notorious added value	900:922	Some amino compounds were selected as model for interferences to evaluate the selectivity of this method, showing a notorious added value, with recoveries around 98%.
25476386	3	7	theme	emission	469:476	arg1	maximum					454:460	The maximum	450:460	The maximum of the emission	450:476	The maximum of the emission was centered at 450 nm with a lifetime of 2.1 ns.
25476386	4	8	theme	fluorescence	685:696	arg1	quenching					705:713	fluorescence static quenching	685:713	fluorescence static quenching	685:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	2	9	dep	shape	319:323	arg1	10nm					334:337	average 10nm	326:337	average 10nm in size	326:345	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	1	10	theme	acid	252:255	arg1	method					257:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	0	11	theme	heterocyclic	82:93	arg1	amines					104:109	four heterocyclic aromatic amines	77:109	four heterocyclic aromatic amines	77:109	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	1	12	from	nanoparticles	145:157	arg1	CDs					182:184	CDs	182:184	CDs	182:184	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	1	12	from	nanoparticles	145:157	arg1	dots					176:179	short carbon dots	163:179	short carbon dots (CDs)	163:185	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	5	13	theme	method	884:889	arg1	selectivity					864:874	the selectivity	860:874	the selectivity of this method	860:889	Some amino compounds were selected as model for interferences to evaluate the selectivity of this method, showing a notorious added value, with recoveries around 98%.
25476386	4	14	theme	L	656:656	arg1	range					676:680	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range	639:680	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching	639:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	7	15	theme	chemical	1064:1071	arg1	sensing					1073:1079	chemical sensing	1064:1079	chemical sensing	1064:1079	The results suggest their promising applications in chemical sensing.
25476386	4	16	theme	mg	653:654	arg1	-1					658:659	-1	658:659	-1	658:659	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	4	16	theme	mg	653:654	arg1	L					656:656	the 0.35-0.45 mg L	639:656	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching	639:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	4	17	theme	CDs	569:571	arg1	functionalization					544:560	further functionalization	536:560	further functionalization of the CDs	536:571	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	1	18	theme	carbon	169:174	arg1	CDs					182:184	CDs	182:184	CDs	182:184	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	1	18	theme	carbon	169:174	arg1	dots					176:179	short carbon dots	163:179	short carbon dots (CDs)	163:185	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	0	19	theme	amines	104:109	arg1	analysis					65:72	analysis	65:72	analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines	65:109	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	7	20	from	applications	1048:1059	arg1	sensing					1073:1079	chemical sensing	1064:1079	chemical sensing	1064:1079	The results suggest their promising applications in chemical sensing.
25476386	4	21	theme	CDs	761:763	arg1	analysis					745:752	the lifetime analysis	732:752	the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs	732:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	2	22	from	10nm	334:337	arg1	size					342:345	size	342:345	size	342:345	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	4	23	theme	static	698:703	arg1	quenching					705:713	fluorescence static quenching	685:713	fluorescence static quenching	685:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	4	24	from	CDs	761:763	arg1	presence					768:775	presence	768:775	presence of HAAs	768:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	6	25	theme	method	973:978	arg1	accuracy					957:964	The accuracy	953:964	The accuracy of the method	953:978	The accuracy of the method was in terms of RSD about 2.5%.
25476386	6	25	theme	method	973:978	arg1	%					1009:1009	about 2.5%	1000:1009	about 2.5%	1000:1009	The accuracy of the method was in terms of RSD about 2.5%.
25476386	4	26	from	presence	768:775	arg1	analysis					745:752	the lifetime analysis	732:752	the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs	732:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	0	27	theme	Microwave-assisted	0:17	arg1	synthesis					19:27	Microwave-assisted synthesis	0:27	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots	0:42	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	5	28	theme	amino	791:795	arg1	compounds					797:805	Some amino compounds	786:805	Some amino compounds	786:805	Some amino compounds were selected as model for interferences to evaluate the selectivity of this method, showing a notorious added value, with recoveries around 98%.
25476386	5	28	theme	amino	791:795	arg1	model					824:828	model	824:828	model for interferences to evaluate the selectivity of this method	824:889	Some amino compounds were selected as model for interferences to evaluate the selectivity of this method, showing a notorious added value, with recoveries around 98%.
25476386	0	29	theme	carbon	32:37	arg1	dots					39:42	carbon dots	32:42	carbon dots	32:42	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	6	30	theme	RSD	996:998	arg1	terms					987:991	terms	987:991	terms of RSD	987:998	The accuracy of the method was in terms of RSD about 2.5%.
25476386	6	31	from	%	1009:1009	arg1	terms					987:991	terms	987:991	terms of RSD	987:998	The accuracy of the method was in terms of RSD about 2.5%.
25476386	1	32	theme	short	163:167	arg1	CDs					182:184	CDs	182:184	CDs	182:184	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	1	32	theme	short	163:167	arg1	dots					176:179	short carbon dots	163:179	short carbon dots (CDs)	163:185	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	2	33	theme	surface	372:378	arg1	charge					380:385	a higher negative surface charge	354:385	a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition	354:414	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	2	34	theme	XPS	432:434	arg1	spectroscopy					436:447	XPS spectroscopy	432:447	XPS spectroscopy	432:447	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	2	35	theme	negative	363:370	arg1	charge					380:385	a higher negative surface charge	354:385	a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition	354:414	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	0	36	theme	dots	39:42	arg1	synthesis					19:27	Microwave-assisted synthesis	0:27	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots	0:42	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	0	36	theme	dots	39:42	arg1	potential					52:60	its potential	48:60	its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines	48:109	Microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots and its potential as analysis of four heterocyclic aromatic amines.
25476386	4	37	theme	lifetime	736:743	arg1	analysis					745:752	the lifetime analysis	732:752	the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs	732:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	2	38	theme	higher	356:361	arg1	charge					380:385	a higher negative surface charge	354:385	a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition	354:414	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	1	39	theme	Fluorescent	112:122	arg1	nanoparticles					145:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles	112:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles	112:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	4	40	theme	further	536:542	arg1	functionalization					544:560	further functionalization	536:560	further functionalization of the CDs	536:571	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	3	41	theme	ns	524:525	arg1	lifetime					508:515	a lifetime	506:515	a lifetime of 2.1 ns	506:525	The maximum of the emission was centered at 450 nm with a lifetime of 2.1 ns.
25476386	4	42	from	analysis	745:752	arg1	presence					768:775	presence	768:775	presence of HAAs	768:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	4	43	theme	0.35-0.45	643:651	arg1	-1					658:659	-1	658:659	-1	658:659	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	4	43	theme	0.35-0.45	643:651	arg1	L					656:656	the 0.35-0.45 mg L	639:656	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching	639:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	1	44	theme	soluble	130:136	arg1	nanoparticles					145:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles	112:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles	112:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	4	45	dep	responded	604:612	arg1	demonstrated					716:727	demonstrated	716:727	demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs	716:783	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	4	46	theme	concentration	662:674	arg1	range					676:680	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range	639:680	the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching	639:713	Without further functionalization of the CDs a nanosensor was obtained that responded exponentially to HAAs in the 0.35-0.45 mg L(-1) concentration range by fluorescence static quenching, demonstrated by the lifetime analysis of the CDs in presence of HAAs.
25476386	1	47	theme	carbon	138:143	arg1	nanoparticles					145:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles	112:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles	112:157	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
25476386	2	48	theme	morphology	308:317	arg1	shape					319:323	the morphology shape	304:323	the morphology shape (average 10nm in size)	304:346	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	5	49	theme	added	912:916	arg1	value					918:922	a notorious added value	900:922	a notorious added value	900:922	Some amino compounds were selected as model for interferences to evaluate the selectivity of this method, showing a notorious added value, with recoveries around 98%.
25476386	2	50	dep	Characterized	265:277	arg1	with					349:352	with	349:352	with	349:352	Characterized by TEM and DLS to obtain the morphology shape (average 10nm in size), with a higher negative surface charge supported by the composition was obtained by XPS spectroscopy.
25476386	7	51	theme	promising	1038:1046	arg1	applications					1048:1059	their promising applications	1032:1059	their promising applications in chemical sensing	1032:1079	The results suggest their promising applications in chemical sensing.
25476386	1	52	theme	microwave	220:228	arg1	method					257:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method	220:262	Fluorescent water soluble carbon nanoparticles, in short carbon dots (CDs), was synthesized from lactose by microwave assisted hydrochloric acid method.
27602579	0	0	theme	therapeutic	83:93	arg1	effect					95:100	their therapeutic effect	77:100	their therapeutic effect	77:100	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	6	1	theme	slow	889:892	arg1	rate					902:905	a slow erosion rate	887:905	a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment	887:931	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	8	2	dep	in	1157:1158	arg1	vivo					1160:1163	vivo	1160:1163	vivo	1160:1163	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	7	3	theme	L929	954:957	arg1	cells					959:963	L929 cells	954:963	L929 cells	954:963	When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro.
27602579	1	4	theme	embolization	161:172	arg1	method					216:221	an effective, most widely used method	185:221	an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors	185:249	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	1	4	theme	embolization	161:172	arg1	therapy					174:180	Interventional embolization therapy	146:180	Interventional embolization therapy	146:180	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	5	5	theme	gelation	748:755	arg1	GT					770:771	GT	770:771	GT	770:771	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	5	5	theme	gelation	748:755	arg1	temperature					757:767	a gelation temperature	746:767	a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C	746:782	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	10	6	theme	promising	1435:1443	arg1	agent					1453:1457	a promising embolic agent	1433:1457	a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy	1433:1496	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	10	6	theme	promising	1435:1443	arg1	PSHI-Ca2+					1419:1427	PSHI-Ca2+	1419:1427	PSHI-Ca2+	1419:1427	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	10	7	theme	embolic	1445:1451	arg1	agent					1453:1457	a promising embolic agent	1433:1457	a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy	1433:1496	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	10	7	theme	embolic	1445:1451	arg1	PSHI-Ca2+					1419:1427	PSHI-Ca2+	1419:1427	PSHI-Ca2+	1419:1427	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	8	8	theme	in	1144:1145	arg1	assays					1165:1170	in vitro and in vivo assays	1144:1170	in vitro and in vivo assays	1144:1170	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	9	9	theme	VX2	1285:1287	arg1	rabbits					1303:1309	VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1285:1309	VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1285:1309	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels.
27602579	8	10	dep	in	1144:1145	arg1	vitro					1147:1151	vitro	1147:1151	vitro	1147:1151	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	2	11	theme	transarterial	298:310	arg1	TAE					326:328	TAE	326:328	TAE	326:328	Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE).
27602579	2	11	theme	transarterial	298:310	arg1	embolization					312:323	transarterial embolization	298:323	transarterial embolization (TAE)	298:329	Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE).
27602579	3	12	theme	thermo-sensitive	346:361	arg1	agents					533:538	liquid embolic agents	518:538	liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer	518:570	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	3	12	theme	thermo-sensitive	346:361	arg1	hydrogels					373:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	346:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+)	346:499	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	9	13	theme	tumor-bearing	1289:1301	arg1	rabbits					1303:1309	VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1285:1309	VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1285:1309	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels.
27602579	8	14	theme	in	1157:1158	arg1	assays					1165:1170	in vitro and in vivo assays	1144:1170	in vitro and in vivo assays	1144:1170	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	3	15	theme	liquid	518:523	arg1	agents					533:538	liquid embolic agents	518:538	liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer	518:570	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	3	15	theme	liquid	518:523	arg1	hydrogels					373:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	346:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+)	346:499	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	7	16	contain	had	1007:1009	arg2	cytotoxicity					1015:1026	low cytotoxicity	1011:1026	low cytotoxicity	1011:1026	When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro.
27602579	7	16	contain	had	1007:1009	arg1	hydrogels					997:1005	the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	966:1005	the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	966:1005	When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro.
27602579	4	17	theme	flowing	637:643	arg1	states					627:632	two phase states	617:632	two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel	617:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	4	17	theme	flowing	637:643	arg1	sol					645:647	a flowing sol	635:647	a flowing sol	635:647	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	3	18	theme	composite	363:371	arg1	agents					533:538	liquid embolic agents	518:538	liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer	518:570	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	3	18	theme	composite	363:371	arg1	hydrogels					373:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	346:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+)	346:499	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	0	19	from	poloxamer	46:54	arg1	embolization					105:116	embolization	105:116	embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors	105:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	9	20	theme	Angiography	1245:1255	arg1	studies					1274:1280	Angiography and histological studies	1245:1280	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1245:1309	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels.
27602579	3	21	theme	embolic	525:531	arg1	agents					533:538	liquid embolic agents	518:538	liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer	518:570	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	3	21	theme	embolic	525:531	arg1	hydrogels					373:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	346:381	thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+)	346:499	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	5	22	theme	excellent	709:717	arg1	behavior					732:739	excellent viscoelastic behavior	709:739	excellent viscoelastic behavior	709:739	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	0	23	theme	composite	17:25	arg1	hydrogels					27:35	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	0:35	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	0:35	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	6	24	theme	ion-related	840:850	arg1	characteristics					860:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	6	25	from	rate	902:905	arg1	environment					921:931	an aqueous environment	910:931	an aqueous environment	910:931	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	1	26	theme	effective	188:196	arg1	therapy					174:180	Interventional embolization therapy	146:180	Interventional embolization therapy	146:180	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	1	26	theme	effective	188:196	arg1	method					216:221	an effective, most widely used method	185:221	an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors	185:249	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	0	27	theme	Thermo-sensitive	0:15	arg1	hydrogels					27:35	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	0:35	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	0:35	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	8	28	theme	subtraction	1075:1085	arg1	angiography					1087:1097	the digital subtraction angiography	1063:1097	the digital subtraction angiography	1063:1097	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	8	29	theme	renal	1211:1215	arg1	arteries					1217:1224	the renal arteries	1207:1224	the renal arteries of normal rabbits	1207:1242	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	3	30	theme	liver	559:563	arg1	cancer					565:570	liver cancer	559:570	liver cancer	559:570	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	5	31	theme	26.5°C	777:782	arg1	GT					770:771	GT	770:771	GT	770:771	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	5	31	theme	26.5°C	777:782	arg1	temperature					757:767	a gelation temperature	746:767	a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C	746:782	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	0	32	theme	VX2	128:130	arg1	tumors					138:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	3	33	theme	TAE	544:546	arg1	therapy					548:554	TAE therapy	544:554	TAE therapy to liver cancer	544:570	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	4	34	theme	phase	621:625	arg1	states					627:632	two phase states	617:632	two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel	617:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	4	34	theme	phase	621:625	arg1	gel					664:666	a shrunken gel	653:666	a shrunken gel	653:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	4	34	theme	phase	621:625	arg1	sol					645:647	a flowing sol	635:647	a flowing sol	635:647	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	3	35	theme	poloxamer	392:400	arg1	407					402:404	poloxamer 407	392:404	poloxamer 407	392:404	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	0	36	theme	rabbit	121:126	arg1	tumors					138:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	6	37	theme	calcium	832:838	arg1	characteristics					860:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	9	38	from	studies	1274:1280	arg1	rabbits					1303:1309	VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1285:1309	VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1285:1309	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels.
27602579	8	39	theme	normal	1229:1234	arg1	rabbits					1236:1242	normal rabbits	1229:1242	normal rabbits	1229:1242	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	8	40	theme	embolic	1189:1195	arg1	effect					1197:1202	a good embolic effect	1182:1202	a good embolic effect	1182:1202	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	8	41	theme	digital	1067:1073	arg1	angiography					1087:1097	the digital subtraction angiography	1063:1097	the digital subtraction angiography	1063:1097	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	1	42	dep	effective	188:196	arg1	used					211:214	used	211:214	used	211:214	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	3	43	theme	hydroxymethyl	424:436	arg1	cellulose					438:446	hydroxymethyl cellulose	424:446	hydroxymethyl cellulose	424:446	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	6	44	theme	aqueous	913:919	arg1	environment					921:931	an aqueous environment	910:931	an aqueous environment	910:931	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	0	45	theme	liver	132:136	arg1	tumors					138:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	4	46	dep	states	627:632	arg1	gel					664:666	a shrunken gel	653:666	a shrunken gel	653:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	4	46	dep	states	627:632	arg1	states					627:632	two phase states	617:632	two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel	617:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	4	46	dep	states	627:632	arg1	sol					645:647	a flowing sol	635:647	a flowing sol	635:647	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	7	47	theme	composite	987:995	arg1	hydrogels					997:1005	the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	966:1005	the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	966:1005	When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro.
27602579	5	48	theme	viscoelastic	719:730	arg1	behavior					732:739	excellent viscoelastic behavior	709:739	excellent viscoelastic behavior	709:739	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	3	49	theme	sodium	407:412	arg1	alginate					414:421	sodium alginate	407:421	sodium alginate	407:421	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	10	50	from	agent	1453:1457	arg1	conclusion					1407:1416	conclusion	1407:1416	conclusion	1407:1416	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	8	51	theme	good	1184:1187	arg1	effect					1197:1202	a good embolic effect	1182:1202	a good embolic effect	1182:1202	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	0	52	from	alginate	64:71	arg1	embolization					105:116	embolization	105:116	embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors	105:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	6	53	theme	erosion	852:858	arg1	characteristics					860:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	5	54	theme	good	691:694	arg1	fluidity					696:703	good fluidity	691:703	good fluidity	691:703	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	5	55	theme	Rheology	669:676	arg1	tests					678:682	Rheology tests	669:682	Rheology tests	669:682	Rheology tests showed good fluidity and excellent viscoelastic behavior with a gelation temperature (GT) of 26.5°C.
27602579	6	56	theme	erosion	800:806	arg1	studies					789:795	The studies	785:795	The studies of erosion	785:806	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	9	57	theme	histological	1261:1272	arg1	studies					1274:1280	Angiography and histological studies	1245:1280	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits	1245:1309	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels.
27602579	10	58	theme	transarterial	1463:1475	arg1	therapy					1490:1496	transarterial embolization therapy	1463:1496	transarterial embolization therapy	1463:1496	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	8	59	theme	computed	1103:1110	arg1	images					1123:1128	computed tomography images	1103:1128	computed tomography images	1103:1128	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	0	60	from	embolization	105:116	arg1	tumors					138:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	rabbit VX2 liver tumors	121:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	7	61	theme	thermo-sensitive	970:985	arg1	hydrogels					997:1005	the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	966:1005	the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels	966:1005	When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro.
27602579	6	62	contain	had	828:830	arg1	PSHI					823:826	PSHI	823:826	PSHI	823:826	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	6	62	contain	had	828:830	arg2	characteristics					860:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	calcium ion-related erosion characteristics	832:874	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	2	63	from	essential	285:293	arg1	TAE					326:328	TAE	326:328	TAE	326:328	Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE).
27602579	2	63	from	essential	285:293	arg1	embolization					312:323	transarterial embolization	298:323	transarterial embolization (TAE)	298:329	Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE).
27602579	7	64	theme	low	1011:1013	arg1	cytotoxicity					1015:1026	low cytotoxicity	1011:1026	low cytotoxicity	1011:1026	When incubated with L929 cells, the thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels had low cytotoxicity in vitro.
27602579	9	65	theme	peripheral	1384:1393	arg1	vessels					1395:1401	the peripheral vessels	1380:1401	the peripheral vessels	1380:1401	Angiography and histological studies on VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits indicated that PSHI-Ca2+ successfully occluded the tumors, including the peripheral vessels.
27602579	10	66	theme	embolization	1477:1488	arg1	therapy					1490:1496	transarterial embolization therapy	1463:1496	transarterial embolization therapy	1463:1496	In conclusion, PSHI-Ca2+ was a promising embolic agent for transarterial embolization therapy.
27602579	2	67	from	embolization	312:323	arg1	essential					285:293	essential	285:293	essential	285:293	Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE).
27602579	1	68	theme	inoperable	227:236	arg1	tumors					244:249	inoperable liver tumors	227:249	inoperable liver tumors	227:249	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	0	69	from	effect	95:100	arg1	embolization					105:116	embolization	105:116	embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors	105:143	Thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407 and alginate and their therapeutic effect in embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumors.
27602579	2	70	theme	Blood-vessel-embolic	252:271	arg1	agents					273:278	Blood-vessel-embolic agents	252:278	Blood-vessel-embolic agents	252:278	Blood-vessel-embolic agents were essential in transarterial embolization (TAE).
27602579	8	71	theme	rabbits	1236:1242	arg1	arteries					1217:1224	the renal arteries	1207:1224	the renal arteries of normal rabbits	1207:1242	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	4	72	theme	shrunken	655:662	arg1	gel					664:666	a shrunken gel	653:666	a shrunken gel	653:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	4	72	theme	shrunken	655:662	arg1	states					627:632	two phase states	617:632	two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel	617:666	With increasing temperature, PSHI exhibited two phase states: a flowing sol and a shrunken gel.
27602579	1	73	theme	liver	238:242	arg1	tumors					244:249	inoperable liver tumors	227:249	inoperable liver tumors	227:249	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	8	74	theme	tomography	1112:1121	arg1	images					1123:1128	computed tomography images	1103:1128	computed tomography images	1103:1128	The results of analyzing the digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography images obtained from in vitro and in vivo assays indicated a good embolic effect in the renal arteries of normal rabbits.
27602579	6	75	theme	erosion	894:900	arg1	rate					902:905	a slow erosion rate	887:905	a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment	887:931	The studies of erosion indicated that PSHI had calcium ion-related erosion characteristics and showed a slow erosion rate in an aqueous environment.
27602579	3	76	dep	together	470:477	arg1	with					479:482	with	479:482	with	479:482	In this work, thermo-sensitive composite hydrogels based on poloxamer 407, sodium alginate, hydroxymethyl cellulose and iodixanol (PSHI), together with Ca2+ (PSHI-Ca2+) were prepared as liquid embolic agents for TAE therapy to liver cancer.
27602579	1	77	theme	Interventional	146:159	arg1	method					216:221	an effective, most widely used method	185:221	an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors	185:249	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
27602579	1	77	theme	Interventional	146:159	arg1	therapy					174:180	Interventional embolization therapy	146:180	Interventional embolization therapy	146:180	Interventional embolization therapy is an effective, most widely used method for inoperable liver tumors.
28024571	8	0	dep	in	1784:1785	arg1	vitro					1787:1791	vitro	1787:1791	vitro	1787:1791	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	6	1	theme	tissue	1483:1488	arg1	response					1490:1497	tissue response	1483:1497	tissue response	1483:1497	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	1	2	theme	microcarriers	246:258	arg1	safety					228:233	the safety	224:233	the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications	224:353	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	3	3	theme	2	719:719	arg1	exposure					734:741	2 and 4days of exposure	719:741	exposure	734:741	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	8	4	theme	corneal	1885:1891	arg1	microcarriers					1906:1918	corneal stromal cell microcarriers	1885:1918	corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications	1885:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	4	5	theme	tail	830:833	arg1	lengths					835:841	comet tail lengths	824:841	comet tail lengths	824:841	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	8	6	theme	cell	1901:1904	arg1	microcarriers					1906:1918	corneal stromal cell microcarriers	1885:1918	corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications	1885:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	8	7	theme	coupling	1731:1738	arg1	effect					1721:1726	the effect	1717:1726	the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1717:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	8	8	theme	stromal	1893:1899	arg1	microcarriers					1906:1918	corneal stromal cell microcarriers	1885:1918	corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications	1885:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	6	9	theme	corneal	1259:1265	arg1	topography					1267:1276	corneal topography	1259:1276	corneal topography	1259:1276	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	8	10	theme	aldehyde-functionalized	1743:1765	arg1	HA					1767:1768	aldehyde-functionalized HA	1743:1768	aldehyde-functionalized HA	1743:1768	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	2	11	theme	rabbit	542:547	arg1	model					553:557	the rabbit eye model	538:557	the rabbit eye model	538:557	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	3	12	theme	4days	725:729	arg1	exposure					734:741	2 and 4days of exposure	719:741	exposure	734:741	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	8	13	theme	engineering	1931:1941	arg1	applications					1943:1954	tissue engineering applications	1924:1954	tissue engineering applications	1924:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	7	14	theme	segment	1648:1654	arg1	tissues					1656:1662	ocular anterior segment tissues	1632:1662	ocular anterior segment tissues	1632:1662	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	3	15	theme	different	584:592	arg1	types					594:598	different types	584:598	different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	584:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	3	15	theme	different	584:592	arg1	cells					664:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	7	16	theme	ocular	1632:1637	arg1	tissues					1656:1662	ocular anterior segment tissues	1632:1662	ocular anterior segment tissues	1632:1662	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	6	17	theme	microscopic	1233:1243	arg1	examinations					1245:1256	specular microscopic examinations	1224:1256	specular microscopic examinations	1224:1256	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	2	18	theme	model	553:557	arg1	chamber					527:533	the anterior chamber	514:533	the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model	514:557	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	3	19	theme	test	746:749	arg1	materials					751:759	test materials	746:759	test materials	746:759	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	7	20	dep	level	1574:1578	arg1	%					1589:1589	10.4±0.9%	1581:1589	oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%	1564:1589	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	1	21	theme	groups	131:136	arg1	presence					110:117	the presence	106:117	the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues	106:167	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	4	22	theme	biopolymer	884:893	arg1	microcarriers					895:907	biopolymer microcarriers	884:907	biopolymer microcarriers	884:907	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	3	23	theme	cells	611:615	arg1	types					594:598	different types	584:598	different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	584:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	3	23	theme	cells	611:615	arg1	cells					664:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	8	24	theme	in	1797:1798	arg1	biocompatibility					1805:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility	1784:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1784:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	6	25	theme	Clinical	1192:1199	arg1	observations					1201:1212	Clinical observations	1192:1212	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements	1192:1312	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	6	25	theme	Clinical	1192:1199	arg1	measurements					1301:1312	corneal thickness measurements	1283:1312	corneal thickness measurements	1283:1312	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	6	25	theme	Clinical	1192:1199	arg1	examinations					1245:1256	specular microscopic examinations	1224:1256	specular microscopic examinations	1224:1256	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	6	25	theme	Clinical	1192:1199	arg1	topography					1267:1276	corneal topography	1259:1276	corneal topography	1259:1276	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	6	26	theme	astigmatism	1414:1424	arg1	damage					1449:1454	endothelial damage	1437:1454	no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage	1384:1454	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	6	26	theme	astigmatism	1414:1424	arg1	signs					1387:1391	no signs	1384:1391	no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage	1384:1454	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	1	27	theme	sugar	154:158	arg1	residues					160:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	6	28	theme	edema	1404:1408	arg1	damage					1449:1454	endothelial damage	1437:1454	no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage	1384:1454	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	6	28	theme	edema	1404:1408	arg1	signs					1387:1391	no signs	1384:1391	no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage	1384:1454	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	1	29	theme	potential	321:329	arg1	applications					342:353	potential ophthalmic applications	321:353	potential ophthalmic applications	321:353	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	8	30	theme	biopolymer	1825:1834	arg1	composites					1836:1845	biopolymer composites	1825:1845	biopolymer composites	1825:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	6	31	theme	corneal	1283:1289	arg1	measurements					1301:1312	corneal thickness measurements	1283:1312	corneal thickness measurements	1283:1312	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	2	32	theme	anterior	518:525	arg1	chamber					527:533	the anterior chamber	514:533	the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model	514:557	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	2	33	theme	ocular	375:380	arg1	biocompatibility					382:397	the ocular biocompatibility	371:397	the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers	371:425	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	0	34	theme	Ocular	0:5	arg1	biocompatibility					7:22	Ocular biocompatibility	0:22	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers	0:47	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid.
28024571	8	35	theme	further	1862:1868	arg1	development					1870:1880	further development	1862:1880	further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications	1862:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	8	35	theme	further	1862:1868	arg1	information					1699:1709	The information	1695:1709	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1695:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	2	36	theme	microcarriers	413:425	arg1	biocompatibility					382:397	the ocular biocompatibility	371:397	the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers	371:425	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	5	37	theme	slit-lamp	1167:1175	arg1	biomicroscopy					1177:1189	slit-lamp biomicroscopy	1167:1189	slit-lamp biomicroscopy	1167:1189	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	2	38	theme	corneal	474:480	arg1	cultures					487:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	0	39	theme	hyaluronic	78:87	arg1	acid					89:92	oxidized hyaluronic acid	69:92	oxidized hyaluronic acid	69:92	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid.
28024571	3	40	theme	stromal	639:645	arg1	cells					664:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	4	41	theme	expression	802:811	arg1	levels					813:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	8	42	used	used	1854:1857	arg2	development					1870:1880	further development	1862:1880	further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications	1862:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	8	42	used	used	1854:1857	arg2	information					1699:1709	The information	1695:1709	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1695:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	6	43	theme	endothelial	1437:1447	arg1	damage					1449:1454	endothelial damage	1437:1454	no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage	1384:1454	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	1	44	theme	hyaluronic	295:304	arg1	acid					306:309	oxidized hyaluronic acid	286:309	oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA)	286:315	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	1	44	theme	hyaluronic	295:304	arg1	oHA					312:314	oHA	312:314	oHA	312:314	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	0	45	theme	microcarriers	35:47	arg1	biocompatibility					7:22	Ocular biocompatibility	0:22	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers	0:47	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid.
28024571	2	46	theme	primary	459:465	arg1	cultures					487:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	5	47	theme	ocular	1124:1129	arg1	chamber					1140:1146	the ocular anterior chamber	1120:1146	the ocular anterior chamber	1120:1146	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	3	48	theme	epithelial	627:636	arg1	cells					664:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	8	49	from	effect	1721:1726	arg1	biocompatibility					1805:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility	1784:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1784:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	8	50	dep	in	1797:1798	arg1	vivo					1800:1803	vivo	1800:1803	vivo	1800:1803	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	4	51	theme	interleukin-6	783:795	arg1	levels					813:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	5	52	theme	injection	999:1007	arg1	injection					999:1007	intracameral injection	986:1007	intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes	986:1026	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	5	52	theme	injection	999:1007	arg1	7					970:970	7	970:970	7	970:970	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	6	53	theme	response	1490:1497	arg1	absence					1472:1478	the absence	1468:1478	the absence of tissue response	1468:1497	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	1	54	theme	gelatin	238:244	arg1	microcarriers					246:258	gelatin microcarriers	238:258	gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA)	238:315	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	1	54	theme	gelatin	238:244	arg1	GMC					261:263	GMC	261:263	GMC	261:263	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	6	55	theme	thickness	1291:1299	arg1	measurements					1301:1312	corneal thickness measurements	1283:1312	corneal thickness measurements	1283:1312	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	8	56	theme	microcarriers	1906:1918	arg1	development					1870:1880	further development	1862:1880	further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications	1862:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	8	56	theme	microcarriers	1906:1918	arg1	information					1699:1709	The information	1695:1709	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1695:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	5	57	from	injection	999:1007	arg1	eyes					1023:1026	the rabbit eyes	1012:1026	the rabbit eyes	1012:1026	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	4	58	theme	comet	824:828	arg1	lengths					835:841	comet tail lengths	824:841	comet tail lengths	824:841	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	8	59	theme	tissue	1924:1929	arg1	applications					1943:1954	tissue engineering applications	1924:1954	tissue engineering applications	1924:1954	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	7	60	theme	anterior	1639:1646	arg1	tissues					1656:1662	ocular anterior segment tissues	1632:1662	ocular anterior segment tissues	1632:1662	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	4	61	theme	microcarriers	895:907	arg1	absence					873:879	absence	873:879	absence	873:879	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	4	61	theme	microcarriers	895:907	arg1	presence					860:867	presence	860:867	presence	860:867	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	3	62	theme	of	731:732	arg1	exposure					734:741	2 and 4days of exposure	719:741	exposure	734:741	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	6	63	theme	biopolymer	1351:1360	arg1	microcarriers					1362:1374	biopolymer microcarriers	1351:1374	biopolymer microcarriers	1351:1374	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	8	64	theme	HA	1767:1768	arg1	coupling					1731:1738	coupling	1731:1738	coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin	1731:1779	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	7	65	from	concentration	1669:1681	arg1	materials					1529:1537	the GMC materials	1521:1537	the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%)	1521:1590	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	7	65	from	concentration	1669:1681	arg1	compatible					1596:1605	compatible	1596:1605	compatible	1596:1605	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	1	66	theme	aldehyde	122:129	arg1	groups					131:136	aldehyde groups	122:136	aldehyde groups	122:136	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	7	67	theme	corneal	1614:1620	arg1	cells					1622:1626	corneal cells	1614:1626	corneal cells	1614:1626	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	6	68	theme	specular	1224:1231	arg1	examinations					1245:1256	specular microscopic examinations	1224:1256	specular microscopic examinations	1224:1256	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	1	69	attach	presence	110:117	arg1	residues					160:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	1	69	attach	presence	110:117	arg2	groups					131:136	aldehyde groups	122:136	aldehyde groups	122:136	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	3	70	theme	corneal	603:609	arg1	cells					611:615	corneal cells	603:615	corneal cells	603:615	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	8	71	theme	in	1784:1785	arg1	biocompatibility					1805:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility	1784:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1784:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	2	72	theme	eye	549:551	arg1	model					553:557	the rabbit eye model	538:557	the rabbit eye model	538:557	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	5	73	theme	GMC	1038:1040	arg1	samples					1042:1048	the GMC samples	1034:1048	the GMC samples	1034:1048	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	1	74	theme	oxidized	145:152	arg1	residues					160:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	2	75	theme	cell	482:485	arg1	cultures					487:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	6	76	theme	corneal	1396:1402	arg1	edema					1404:1408	corneal edema	1396:1408	corneal edema	1396:1408	Clinical observations including specular microscopic examinations, corneal topography, and corneal thickness measurements also showed that the rabbits bearing biopolymer microcarriers exhibit no signs of corneal edema and astigmatism as well as endothelial damage, indicating the absence of tissue response.
28024571	4	77	theme	cellular	924:931	arg1	inflammation					933:944	inflammation	933:944	inflammation	933:944	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	8	78	theme	composites	1836:1845	arg1	biocompatibility					1805:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility	1784:1820	in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites	1784:1845	The information about the effect of coupling of aldehyde-functionalized HA to gelatin on in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of biopolymer composites can be used as further development of corneal stromal cell microcarriers for tissue engineering applications.
28024571	1	79	dep	potential	321:329	arg1	ophthalmic					331:340	ophthalmic	331:340	ophthalmic	331:340	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	0	80	theme	gelatin	27:33	arg1	microcarriers					35:47	gelatin microcarriers	27:47	gelatin microcarriers	27:47	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid.
28024571	7	81	theme	10mg/ml	1686:1692	arg1	concentration					1669:1681	a concentration	1667:1681	a concentration of 10mg/ml	1667:1692	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	2	82	theme	biopolymer	402:411	arg1	microcarriers					413:425	biopolymer microcarriers	402:425	biopolymer microcarriers	402:425	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	4	83	dep	presence	860:867	arg1	the					856:858	the	856:858	the	856:858	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	1	84	theme	oxidized	286:293	arg1	acid					306:309	oxidized hyaluronic acid	286:309	oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA)	286:315	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	1	84	theme	oxidized	286:293	arg1	oHA					312:314	oHA	312:314	oHA	312:314	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	7	85	theme	oxidation	1564:1572	arg1	level					1574:1578	oxidation level	1564:1578	oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%	1564:1589	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	2	86	theme	rabbit	467:472	arg1	cultures					487:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	primary rabbit corneal cell cultures	459:494	In this study, the ocular biocompatibility of biopolymer microcarriers was investigated in vitro using primary rabbit corneal cell cultures and in vivo using the anterior chamber of the rabbit eye model.
28024571	4	87	theme	gene	797:800	arg1	levels					813:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
28024571	0	88	theme	oxidized	69:76	arg1	acid					89:92	oxidized hyaluronic acid	69:92	oxidized hyaluronic acid	69:92	Ocular biocompatibility of gelatin microcarriers functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid.
28024571	5	89	theme	anterior	1131:1138	arg1	chamber					1140:1146	the ocular anterior chamber	1120:1146	the ocular anterior chamber	1120:1146	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	5	90	theme	rabbit	1016:1021	arg1	eyes					1023:1026	the rabbit eyes	1012:1026	the rabbit eyes	1012:1026	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	3	91	theme	endothelial	652:662	arg1	cells					664:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells	627:668	Our results showed that different types of corneal cells including epithelial, stromal, and endothelial cells remain viable and actively proliferate following 2 and 4days of exposure to test materials.
28024571	1	92	dep	toxicity	178:185	arg1	concerns					187:194	concerns	187:194	concerns	187:194	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	1	93	from	presence	110:117	arg1	residues					160:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	the oxidized sugar residues	141:167	Given that the presence of aldehyde groups on the oxidized sugar residues may pose toxicity concerns, it is necessary to examine the safety of gelatin microcarriers (GMC) functionalized with oxidized hyaluronic acid (oHA) for potential ophthalmic applications.
28024571	7	94	dep	oHA	1559:1561	arg1	level					1574:1578	oxidation level	1564:1578	oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%	1564:1589	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	7	95	theme	GMC	1525:1527	arg1	materials					1529:1537	the GMC materials	1521:1537	the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%)	1521:1590	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	7	95	theme	GMC	1525:1527	arg1	compatible					1596:1605	compatible	1596:1605	compatible	1596:1605	It is concluded that the GMC materials functionalized with oHA (oxidation level: 10.4±0.9%) are compatible toward corneal cells and ocular anterior segment tissues at a concentration of 10mg/ml.
28024571	5	96	theme	intracameral	986:997	arg1	injection					999:1007	intracameral injection	986:1007	intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes	986:1026	After 7 and 14days of intracameral injection in the rabbit eyes, both the GMC samples and their counterparts functionalized with oHA were well tolerated in the ocular anterior chamber as demonstrated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.
28024571	4	97	theme	similar	775:781	arg1	levels					813:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels	775:818	In addition, similar interleukin-6 gene expression levels and comet tail lengths were seen in the presence and absence of biopolymer microcarriers, suggesting no cellular inflammation and genotoxicity.
25553896	8	0	dep	non-adrenergic	1281:1294	arg1	non-cholinergic					1297:1311	non-cholinergic	1297:1311	non-cholinergic	1297:1311	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	6	1	theme	carbonate	907:915	arg1	Addition					895:902	Addition	895:902	Addition of carbonate to the diet to stimulate gastric acid secretion	895:963	Addition of carbonate to the diet to stimulate gastric acid secretion did not increase the SDA response.
25553896	3	2	theme	major	456:460	arg1	contributors					462:473	major contributors	456:473	major contributors to the SDA	456:484	Gastric work, protein synthesis and organ growth have each been speculated to be major contributors to the SDA.
25553896	7	3	theme	SDA	1070:1072	arg1	response					1074:1081	the SDA response	1066:1081	the SDA response	1066:1081	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	9	4	theme	high	1457:1460	arg1	diet					1470:1473	a high protein diet	1455:1473	a high protein diet	1455:1473	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	8	5	from	regulation	1246:1255	arg1	response					1328:1335	response	1328:1335	response to all diets	1328:1348	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	1	6	theme	large	145:149	arg1	increase					151:158	a large increase	143:158	a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion	143:265	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	9	7	from	intestine	1418:1426	arg1	snakes					1441:1446	snakes	1441:1446	snakes fed on a high protein diet	1441:1473	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	4	8	theme	composition	519:529	arg1	role					506:509	the role	502:509	the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth	502:570	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	0	9	theme	Python	88:93	arg1	regius					95:100	Python regius	88:100	Python regius	88:100	Food composition influences metabolism, heart rate and organ growth during digestion in Python regius.
25553896	9	10	theme	protein	1462:1468	arg1	diet					1470:1473	a high protein diet	1455:1473	a high protein diet	1455:1473	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	4	11	theme	protein	644:650	arg1	meals					614:618	fed meals	610:618	fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate	610:685	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	1	12	theme	visceral	228:235	arg1	organs					237:242	visceral organs	228:242	visceral organs assisting in digestion	228:265	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	7	13	theme	acid	1115:1118	arg1	secretion					1120:1128	increased gastric acid secretion	1097:1128	increased gastric acid secretion	1097:1128	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	5	14	theme	SDA	832:834	arg1	response					836:843	a significantly smaller SDA response	808:843	a significantly smaller SDA response	808:843	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	2	15	from	rise	316:319	arg1	metabolism					324:333	metabolism	324:333	metabolism in snakes	324:343	The processes leading to the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes is subject to opposing views.
25553896	3	16	dep	speculated	439:448	arg1	each					429:432	each	429:432	each	429:432	Gastric work, protein synthesis and organ growth have each been speculated to be major contributors to the SDA.
25553896	8	17	from	tone	1320:1323	arg1	response					1328:1335	response	1328:1335	response to all diets	1328:1348	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	5	18	theme	SDA	773:775	arg1	response					777:784	a large SDA response	765:784	a large SDA response	765:784	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	6	19	theme	acid	950:953	arg1	secretion					955:963	gastric acid secretion	942:963	gastric acid secretion	942:963	Addition of carbonate to the diet to stimulate gastric acid secretion did not increase the SDA response.
25553896	4	20	theme	protein	655:661	arg1	meals					614:618	fed meals	610:618	fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate	610:685	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	2	21	theme	opposing	359:366	arg1	views					368:372	opposing views	359:372	opposing views	359:372	The processes leading to the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes is subject to opposing views.
25553896	7	22	theme	major	1045:1049	arg1	contributor					1051:1061	a major contributor	1043:1061	a major contributor to the SDA response	1043:1081	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	7	22	theme	major	1045:1049	arg1	synthesis					1030:1038	protein synthesis	1022:1038	protein synthesis	1022:1038	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	8	23	theme	lipid	1366:1370	arg1	meal					1372:1375	the lipid meal	1362:1375	the lipid meal	1362:1375	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	3	24	theme	Gastric	375:381	arg1	work					383:386	Gastric work	375:386	Gastric work	375:386	Gastric work, protein synthesis and organ growth have each been speculated to be major contributors to the SDA.
25553896	2	25	from	metabolism	324:333	arg1	snakes					338:343	snakes	338:343	snakes	338:343	The processes leading to the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes is subject to opposing views.
25553896	4	26	theme	heart	539:543	arg1	rate					545:548	heart rate	539:548	heart rate (HR)	539:553	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	4	26	theme	heart	539:543	arg1	HR					551:552	HR	551:552	HR	551:552	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	6	27	theme	gastric	942:948	arg1	secretion					955:963	gastric acid secretion	942:963	gastric acid secretion	942:963	Addition of carbonate to the diet to stimulate gastric acid secretion did not increase the SDA response.
25553896	8	28	from	increase	1166:1173	arg1	metabolism					1178:1187	metabolism	1178:1187	metabolism	1178:1187	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	4	29	theme	fat	630:632	arg1	meals					614:618	fed meals	610:618	fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate	610:685	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	1	30	theme	oxygen	163:168	arg1	SDA					183:185	SDA	183:185	SDA	183:185	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	1	30	theme	oxygen	163:168	arg1	consumption					170:180	oxygen consumption	163:180	oxygen consumption (SDA)	163:186	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	0	31	theme	Food	0:3	arg1	composition					5:15	Food composition	0:15	Food composition	0:15	Food composition influences metabolism, heart rate and organ growth during digestion in Python regius.
25553896	1	32	from	Digestion	103:111	arg1	pythons					116:122	pythons	116:122	pythons	116:122	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	3	33	theme	protein	389:395	arg1	synthesis					397:405	protein synthesis	389:405	protein synthesis	389:405	Gastric work, protein synthesis and organ growth have each been speculated to be major contributors to the SDA.
25553896	4	34	from	role	506:509	arg1	SDA					534:536	SDA	534:536	SDA	534:536	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	4	34	from	role	506:509	arg1	rate					545:548	heart rate	539:548	heart rate (HR)	539:553	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	4	34	from	role	506:509	arg1	growth					565:570	organ growth	559:570	organ growth	559:570	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	4	34	from	role	506:509	arg1	HR					551:552	HR	551:552	HR	551:552	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	8	35	theme	non-adrenergic	1281:1294	arg1	tone					1320:1323	an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone	1268:1323	altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets	1228:1348	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	4	36	theme	glucose	635:641	arg1	meals					614:618	fed meals	610:618	fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate	610:685	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	9	37	from	liver	1432:1436	arg1	snakes					1441:1446	snakes	1441:1446	snakes fed on a high protein diet	1441:1473	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	7	38	theme	metabolic	1146:1154	arg1	cost					1156:1159	a low metabolic cost	1140:1159	a low metabolic cost	1140:1159	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	7	39	theme	protein	1022:1028	arg1	contributor					1051:1061	a major contributor	1043:1061	a major contributor to the SDA response	1043:1081	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	7	39	theme	protein	1022:1028	arg1	synthesis					1030:1038	protein synthesis	1022:1038	protein synthesis	1022:1038	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	4	40	theme	food	514:517	arg1	composition					519:529	food composition	514:529	food composition	514:529	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	9	41	theme	Organ	1378:1382	arg1	growth					1384:1389	Organ growth	1378:1389	Organ growth	1378:1389	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	0	42	from	digestion	75:83	arg1	regius					95:100	Python regius	88:100	Python regius	88:100	Food composition influences metabolism, heart rate and organ growth during digestion in Python regius.
25553896	5	43	theme	large	767:771	arg1	response					777:784	a large SDA response	765:784	a large SDA response	765:784	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	5	44	theme	carbonate	748:756	arg1	presence					736:743	presence	736:743	presence	736:743	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	5	44	theme	carbonate	748:756	arg1	absence					725:731	absence	725:731	absence	725:731	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	0	45	theme	heart	40:44	arg1	rate					46:49	heart rate	40:49	heart rate	40:49	Food composition influences metabolism, heart rate and organ growth during digestion in Python regius.
25553896	1	46	from	growth	218:223	arg1	organs					237:242	visceral organs	228:242	visceral organs assisting in digestion	228:265	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	7	47	theme	increased	1097:1105	arg1	secretion					1120:1128	increased gastric acid secretion	1097:1128	increased gastric acid secretion	1097:1128	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	9	48	theme	small	1412:1416	arg1	intestine					1418:1426	small intestine	1412:1426	small intestine	1412:1426	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	4	49	theme	ball	576:579	arg1	regius					597:602	Python regius	590:602	Python regius	590:602	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	4	49	theme	ball	576:579	arg1	pythons					581:587	48 ball pythons	573:587	48 ball pythons (Python regius)	573:603	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	3	50	theme	organ	411:415	arg1	growth					417:422	organ growth	411:422	organ growth	411:422	Gastric work, protein synthesis and organ growth have each been speculated to be major contributors to the SDA.
25553896	8	51	theme	autonomic	1236:1244	arg1	regulation					1246:1255	altered autonomic regulation	1228:1255	altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets	1228:1348	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	4	52	theme	organ	559:563	arg1	growth					565:570	organ growth	559:570	organ growth	559:570	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	9	53	dep	intestine	1418:1426	arg1	the					1408:1410	the	1408:1410	the	1408:1410	Organ growth only occurred in the small intestine and liver in snakes fed on a high protein diet.
25553896	1	54	from	output	207:212	arg1	organs					237:242	visceral organs	228:242	visceral organs assisting in digestion	228:265	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	5	55	dep	absence	725:731	arg1	the					721:723	the	721:723	the	721:723	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	4	56	theme	fed	610:612	arg1	meals					614:618	fed meals	610:618	fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate	610:685	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	8	57	dep	non-cholinergic	1297:1311	arg1	NANC					1314:1317	NANC	1314:1317	NANC	1314:1317	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	5	58	from	protein	709:715	arg1	presence					736:743	presence	736:743	presence	736:743	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	5	58	from	protein	709:715	arg1	absence					725:731	absence	725:731	absence	725:731	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	2	59	theme	postprandial	303:314	arg1	rise					316:319	the large postprandial rise	293:319	the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes	293:343	The processes leading to the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes is subject to opposing views.
25553896	2	60	theme	large	297:301	arg1	rise					316:319	the large postprandial rise	293:319	the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes	293:343	The processes leading to the large postprandial rise in metabolism in snakes is subject to opposing views.
25553896	8	61	theme	altered	1228:1234	arg1	regulation					1246:1255	altered autonomic regulation	1228:1255	altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets	1228:1348	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	1	62	theme	increased	189:197	arg1	output					207:212	increased cardiac output	189:212	increased cardiac output	189:212	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	5	63	theme	smaller	824:830	arg1	response					836:843	a significantly smaller SDA response	808:843	a significantly smaller SDA response	808:843	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	6	64	theme	SDA	986:988	arg1	response					990:997	the SDA response	982:997	the SDA response	982:997	Addition of carbonate to the diet to stimulate gastric acid secretion did not increase the SDA response.
25553896	1	65	theme	cardiac	199:205	arg1	output					207:212	increased cardiac output	189:212	increased cardiac output	189:212	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	7	66	theme	low	1142:1144	arg1	cost					1156:1159	a low metabolic cost	1140:1159	a low metabolic cost	1140:1159	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
25553896	5	67	theme	fat	862:864	arg1	digestion					849:857	digestion	849:857	digestion of fat	849:864	Our study shows that protein, in the absence or presence of carbonate causes a large SDA response, while glucose caused a significantly smaller SDA response and digestion of fat failed to affect metabolism.
25553896	1	68	from	consumption	170:180	arg1	organs					237:242	visceral organs	228:242	visceral organs assisting in digestion	228:265	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	4	69	theme	Python	590:595	arg1	regius					597:602	Python regius	590:602	Python regius	590:602	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	4	69	theme	Python	590:595	arg1	pythons					581:587	48 ball pythons	573:587	48 ball pythons (Python regius)	573:603	To investigate the role of food composition on SDA, heart rate (HR) and organ growth, 48 ball pythons (Python regius) were fed meals of either fat, glucose, protein or protein combined with carbonate.
25553896	0	70	theme	organ	55:59	arg1	growth					61:66	organ growth	55:66	organ growth	55:66	Food composition influences metabolism, heart rate and organ growth during digestion in Python regius.
25553896	8	71	theme	increased	1271:1279	arg1	tone					1320:1323	an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone	1268:1323	altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets	1228:1348	The increase in metabolism was supported by tachycardia caused by altered autonomic regulation as well as an increased non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) tone in response to all diets, except for the lipid meal.
25553896	1	72	from	increase	151:158	arg1	output					207:212	increased cardiac output	189:212	increased cardiac output	189:212	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	1	72	from	increase	151:158	arg1	SDA					183:185	SDA	183:185	SDA	183:185	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	1	72	from	increase	151:158	arg1	consumption					170:180	oxygen consumption	163:180	oxygen consumption (SDA)	163:186	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	1	72	from	increase	151:158	arg1	growth					218:223	growth	218:223	growth	218:223	Digestion in pythons is associated with a large increase in oxygen consumption (SDA), increased cardiac output and growth in visceral organs assisting in digestion.
25553896	7	73	theme	gastric	1107:1113	arg1	secretion					1120:1128	increased gastric acid secretion	1097:1128	increased gastric acid secretion	1097:1128	These results support protein synthesis as a major contributor to the SDA response and show that increased gastric acid secretion occurs at a low metabolic cost.
29189926	0	0	theme	Rhodobacter	84:94	arg1	sphaeroides					96:106	Rhodobacter sphaeroides	84:106	Rhodobacter sphaeroides	84:106	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	3	1	theme	new	497:499	arg1	inoculum					501:508	new inoculum	497:508	new inoculum	497:508	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	3	2	theme	yeast	566:570	arg1	l-1					580:582	4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1	538:582	l-1	580:582	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	1	3	theme	prolonged	273:281	arg1	period					283:288	prolonged period	273:288	prolonged period	273:288	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	5	4	theme	Clostridium	765:775	arg1	monoculture					777:787	Clostridium monoculture	765:787	Clostridium monoculture	765:787	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	5	5	theme	5.2 mol/mol	716:726	arg1	glucose					728:734	5.2 mol/mol glucose	716:734	5.2 mol/mol glucose	716:734	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	7	6	theme	prolonged	898:906	arg1	co-culture					908:917	prolonged co-culture	898:917	prolonged co-culture	898:917	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	2	7	theme	Rhodobacter	399:409	arg1	sphaeroides					411:421	Rhodobacter sphaeroides	399:421	Rhodobacter sphaeroides	399:421	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	9	8	theme	starch	1153:1158	arg1	photofermentation					1132:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation	1103:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides	1103:1204	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	4	9	theme	acids	643:647	arg1	accumulation					649:660	volatile fatty acids accumulation	628:660	volatile fatty acids accumulation	628:660	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation was shown in this co-culture.
29189926	5	10	theme	glucose	728:734	arg1	yield					707:711	The average H2 yield	692:711	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose	692:734	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	5	10	theme	glucose	728:734	arg1	higher					745:750	higher	745:750	higher	745:750	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	9	11	theme	prolonged	1107:1115	arg1	photofermentation					1132:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation	1103:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides	1103:1204	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	0	12	theme	sphaeroides	96:106	arg1	co-culture					44:53	co-culture	44:53	co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process	44:134	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	9	13	theme	Clostridia	1297:1306	arg1	limitation					1308:1317	Clostridia limitation	1297:1317	Clostridia limitation	1297:1317	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	9	14	theme	C.	1174:1175	arg1	butyricum					1177:1185	co-culture C. butyricum	1163:1185	co-culture C. butyricum	1163:1185	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	9	15	theme	co-culture	1163:1172	arg1	butyricum					1177:1185	co-culture C. butyricum	1163:1185	co-culture C. butyricum	1163:1185	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	0	16	theme	repeated	113:120	arg1	process					128:134	a repeated batch process	111:134	a repeated batch process	111:134	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	0	17	from	co-culture	44:53	arg1	process					128:134	a repeated batch process	111:134	a repeated batch process	111:134	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	7	18	from	concentration	860:872	arg1	co-culture					908:917	prolonged co-culture	898:917	prolonged co-culture	898:917	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	9	19	theme	limitation	1308:1317	arg1	conditions					1283:1292	conditions	1283:1292	conditions of Clostridia limitation	1283:1317	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	2	20	theme	batch	308:312	arg1	photofermentation					314:330	Repeated batch photofermentation	299:330	Repeated batch photofermentation of starch	299:340	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	2	21	dep	RESULTS	291:297	arg1	demonstrated					346:357	demonstrated	346:357	was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions	342:451	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	9	22	theme	repeated	1117:1124	arg1	photofermentation					1132:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation	1103:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides	1103:1204	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	5	23	theme	average	696:702	arg1	yield					707:711	The average H2 yield	692:711	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose	692:734	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	5	23	theme	average	696:702	arg1	higher					745:750	higher	745:750	higher	745:750	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	2	24	theme	Repeated	299:306	arg1	photofermentation					314:330	Repeated batch photofermentation	299:330	Repeated batch photofermentation of starch	299:340	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	1	25	theme	efficient	176:184	arg1	photofermentation					193:209	efficient starch photofermentation	176:209	efficient starch photofermentation	176:209	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	0	26	theme	H2	10:11	arg1	photoproduction					13:27	Long-term H2 photoproduction	0:27	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.	0:135	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	0	27	from	starch	34:39	arg1	photoproduction					13:27	Long-term H2 photoproduction	0:27	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.	0:135	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	5	28	theme	H2	704:705	arg1	yield					707:711	The average H2 yield	692:711	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose	692:734	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	5	28	theme	H2	704:705	arg1	higher					745:750	higher	745:750	higher	745:750	The average H2 yield of 5.2 mol/mol glucose was much higher than that in Clostridium monoculture.
29189926	1	29	theme	starch	186:191	arg1	photofermentation					193:209	efficient starch photofermentation	176:209	efficient starch photofermentation	176:209	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	0	30	theme	Long-term	0:8	arg1	photoproduction					13:27	Long-term H2 photoproduction	0:27	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.	0:135	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	7	31	theme	Clostridium	877:887	arg1	cells					889:893	Clostridium cells	877:893	Clostridium cells	877:893	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	9	32	theme	efficient	1215:1223	arg1	production					1228:1237	efficient H2 production	1215:1237	efficient H2 production	1215:1237	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	1	33	theme	photofermentation	193:209	arg1	possibility					161:171	the possibility	157:171	the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation	157:209	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	4	34	theme	starch	613:618	arg1	degradation					598:608	The complete degradation	585:608	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation	585:660	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation was shown in this co-culture.
29189926	6	35	theme	q-PCR	843:847	arg1	assay					849:853	q-PCR assay	843:853	q-PCR assay	843:853	The species composition of co-culture was studied by q-PCR assay.
29189926	8	36	theme	starch	1056:1061	arg1	hydrolysis					1063:1072	starch hydrolysis	1056:1072	starch hydrolysis	1056:1072	This means that Clostridia growth was significantly limited whereas starch hydrolysis still took place.
29189926	4	37	theme	fatty	637:641	arg1	acids					643:647	volatile fatty acids	628:647	volatile fatty acids accumulation	628:660	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation was shown in this co-culture.
29189926	0	38	theme	batch	122:126	arg1	process					128:134	a repeated batch process	111:134	a repeated batch process	111:134	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	2	39	theme	starch	335:340	arg1	photofermentation					314:330	Repeated batch photofermentation	299:330	Repeated batch photofermentation of starch	299:340	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	3	40	theme	4-5 g	538:542	arg1	l-1					551:553	4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1	538:582	l-1	551:553	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	4	41	theme	volatile	628:635	arg1	acids					643:647	volatile fatty acids	628:647	volatile fatty acids accumulation	628:660	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation was shown in this co-culture.
29189926	3	42	theme	inoculum	501:508	arg1	addition					485:492	addition	485:492	addition of new inoculum or pH regulation	485:525	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	3	43	theme	regulation	516:525	arg1	addition					485:492	addition	485:492	addition of new inoculum or pH regulation	485:525	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	4	44	theme	complete	589:596	arg1	degradation					598:608	The complete degradation	585:608	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation	585:660	The complete degradation of starch without volatile fatty acids accumulation was shown in this co-culture.
29189926	7	45	theme	batch	970:974	arg1	co-culture					976:985	a single batch co-culture	961:985	a single batch co-culture	961:985	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	9	46	theme	H2	1225:1226	arg1	production					1228:1237	efficient H2 production	1215:1237	efficient H2 production	1215:1237	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	1	47	theme	heterotrophic	228:240	arg1	bacteria					259:266	heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria	228:266	bacteria	259:266	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	9	48	dep	R.	1191:1192	arg1	sphaeroides					1194:1204	R. sphaeroides	1191:1204	R. sphaeroides	1191:1204	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	7	49	theme	cells	889:893	arg1	lower					923:927	lower	923:927	lower	923:927	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	7	49	theme	cells	889:893	arg1	concentration					860:872	The concentration	856:872	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture	856:917	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	3	50	theme	starch	544:549	arg1	l-1					551:553	4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1	538:582	l-1	551:553	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	9	51	dep	CONCLUSION	1092:1101	arg1	provided					1206:1213	provided	1206:1213	provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation	1206:1317	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	3	52	theme	extract	572:578	arg1	l-1					580:582	4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1	538:582	l-1	580:582	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	3	53	theme	0.04 g	559:564	arg1	l-1					580:582	4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1	538:582	l-1	580:582	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	6	54	theme	co-culture	817:826	arg1	composition					802:812	The species composition	790:812	The species composition of co-culture	790:826	The species composition of co-culture was studied by q-PCR assay.
29189926	2	55	theme	Clostridium	373:383	arg1	butyricum					385:393	co-culture Clostridium butyricum	362:393	co-culture Clostridium butyricum	362:393	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	9	56	theme	acids	1271:1275	arg1	accumulation					1247:1258	accumulation	1247:1258	accumulation of organic acids	1247:1275	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	2	57	theme	co-culture	362:371	arg1	butyricum					385:393	co-culture Clostridium butyricum	362:393	co-culture Clostridium butyricum	362:393	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	7	58	theme	single	963:968	arg1	co-culture					976:985	a single batch co-culture	961:985	a single batch co-culture	961:985	The concentration of Clostridium cells in prolonged co-culture was lower than in monoculture and even in a single batch co-culture.
29189926	1	59	theme	phototrophic	246:257	arg1	bacteria					259:266	heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria	228:266	bacteria	259:266	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	0	60	theme	butyricum	70:78	arg1	co-culture					44:53	co-culture	44:53	co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process	44:134	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	9	61	theme	organic	1263:1269	arg1	acids					1271:1275	organic acids	1263:1275	organic acids	1263:1275	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	2	62	theme	microaerobic	429:440	arg1	conditions					442:451	microaerobic conditions	429:451	microaerobic conditions	429:451	RESULTS Repeated batch photofermentation of starch was demonstrated in co-culture Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides under microaerobic conditions.
29189926	3	63	theme	pH	513:514	arg1	regulation					516:525	pH regulation	513:525	pH regulation	513:525	It continued 15 months without addition of new inoculum or pH regulation when using 4-5 g starch l-1 and 0.04 g yeast extract l-1.
29189926	1	64	theme	bacteria	259:266	arg1	co-culture					214:223	co-culture	214:223	co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria	214:266	OBJECTIVES To prove the possibility of efficient starch photofermentation in co-culture of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria over prolonged period.
29189926	0	65	theme	Clostridium	58:68	arg1	butyricum					70:78	Clostridium butyricum	58:78	Clostridium butyricum	58:78	Long-term H2 photoproduction from starch by co-culture of Clostridium butyricum and Rhodobacter sphaeroides in a repeated batch process.
29189926	9	66	theme	batch	1126:1130	arg1	photofermentation					1132:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation	1103:1148	The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides	1103:1204	CONCLUSION The prolonged repeated batch photofermentation of starch by co-culture C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides provided efficient H2 production without accumulation of organic acids under conditions of Clostridia limitation.
29189926	6	67	theme	species	794:800	arg1	composition					802:812	The species composition	790:812	The species composition of co-culture	790:826	The species composition of co-culture was studied by q-PCR assay.
29189926	8	68	theme	Clostridia	1004:1013	arg1	growth					1015:1020	Clostridia growth	1004:1020	Clostridia growth	1004:1020	This means that Clostridia growth was significantly limited whereas starch hydrolysis still took place.
27929801	1	0	with	electrospinning	178:192	arg1	poly					221:224	poly	221:224	poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP)	221:249	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	1	0	with	electrospinning	178:192	arg1	pyrrolidone					232:242	vinyl pyrrolidone	226:242	vinyl pyrrolidone	226:242	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	1	0	with	electrospinning	178:192	arg1	PVP					246:248	PVP	246:248	PVP	246:248	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	1	0	with	electrospinning	178:192	arg1	AgNO3					255:259	AgNO3	255:259	AgNO3	255:259	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	2	1	used	used	412:415	arg2	microscopy					299:308	Scanning electron microscopy	281:308	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	281:314	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	1	used	used	412:415	arg2	diffraction					268:278	X-ray diffraction	262:278	X-ray diffraction	262:278	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	1	used	used	412:415	arg2	SEM					311:313	SEM	311:313	SEM	311:313	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	1	used	used	412:415	arg2	spectrometer					335:346	Energy dispersive spectrometer	317:346	Energy dispersive spectrometer	317:346	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	1	used	used	412:415	arg2	analysis					368:375	Thermo-gravimetric analysis	349:375	Thermo-gravimetric analysis	349:375	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	1	used	used	412:415	arg2	Fourier					381:387	Fourier	381:387	Fourier transform infrared	381:406	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	3	2	theme	SEM	532:534	arg1	results					521:527	The results	517:527	The results of SEM	517:534	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	2	3	theme	Thermo-gravimetric	349:366	arg1	analysis					368:375	Thermo-gravimetric analysis	349:375	Thermo-gravimetric analysis	349:375	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	4	dep	transform	389:397	arg1	infrared					399:406	infrared	399:406	transform infrared	389:406	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	6	5	from	size	1035:1038	arg1	matrix					1069:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix	1043:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	1043:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	6	5	from	size	1035:1038	arg1	biomaterials					1111:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	3	6	theme	AgCl	562:565	arg1	size					554:557	the size	550:557	the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix	550:591	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	3	6	theme	AgCl	562:565	arg1	able					596:599	able	596:599	able	596:599	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	5	7	theme	size	952:955	arg1	decrease					935:942	the decrease	931:942	the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix	931:971	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	5	8	theme	fiber	960:964	arg1	matrix					966:971	fiber matrix	960:971	fiber matrix	960:971	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	5	9	contain	have	871:874	arg2	activity					897:904	a good antimicrobial activity	876:904	a good antimicrobial activity	876:904	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	5	9	contain	have	871:874	arg1	nanocomposites					856:869	cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites	841:869	cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites	841:869	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	2	10	theme	electron	290:297	arg1	SEM					311:313	SEM	311:313	SEM	311:313	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	10	theme	electron	290:297	arg1	microscopy					299:308	Scanning electron microscopy	281:308	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	281:314	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	4	11	theme	nanocomposites	697:710	arg1	fiber					712:716	the nanocomposites fiber	693:716	the nanocomposites fiber	693:716	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	6	12	theme	cellulose	1059:1067	arg1	matrix					1069:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix	1043:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	1043:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	6	12	theme	cellulose	1059:1067	arg1	biomaterials					1111:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	2	13	theme	Scanning	281:288	arg1	SEM					311:313	SEM	311:313	SEM	311:313	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	13	theme	Scanning	281:288	arg1	microscopy					299:308	Scanning electron microscopy	281:308	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	281:314	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	1	14	theme	cellulose	197:205	arg1	solution					207:214	cellulose solution	197:214	cellulose solution	197:214	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	4	15	theme	fiber	712:716	arg1	activity					681:688	The antimicrobial activity	663:688	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber	663:716	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	1	16	theme	solution	207:214	arg1	electrospinning					178:192	one-step electrospinning	169:192	one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3	169:259	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	4	17	theme	model	745:749	arg1	microbes					751:758	the model microbes	741:758	the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive)	741:812	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	1	18	theme	native	109:114	arg1	fiber					131:135	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber	105:135	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber	105:135	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	4	19	theme	antimicrobial	667:679	arg1	activity					681:688	The antimicrobial activity	663:688	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber	663:716	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	0	20	theme	cellulose-AgCl	22:35	arg1	fiber					37:41	native cellulose-AgCl fiber	15:41	native cellulose-AgCl fiber	15:41	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning.
27929801	1	21	theme	Cellulose-AgCl	116:129	arg1	fiber					131:135	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber	105:135	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber	105:135	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	2	22	theme	crystal	437:443	arg1	structure					445:453	the crystal structure	433:453	the crystal structure	433:453	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	0	23	theme	native	15:20	arg1	fiber					37:41	native cellulose-AgCl fiber	15:41	native cellulose-AgCl fiber	15:41	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning.
27929801	2	24	dep	Fourier	381:387	arg1	transform					389:397	transform	389:397	transform infrared	389:406	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	5	25	theme	AgCl	947:950	arg1	size					952:955	AgCl size	947:955	AgCl size	947:955	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	3	26	theme	fiber	580:584	arg1	matrix					586:591	cellulose fiber matrix	570:591	cellulose fiber matrix	570:591	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	1	27	theme	vinyl	226:230	arg1	poly					221:224	poly	221:224	poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP)	221:249	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	1	27	theme	vinyl	226:230	arg1	pyrrolidone					232:242	vinyl pyrrolidone	226:242	vinyl pyrrolidone	226:242	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	2	28	theme	nanocomposites	501:514	arg1	morphology					456:465	morphology	456:465	morphology	456:465	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	28	theme	nanocomposites	501:514	arg1	structure					445:453	the crystal structure	433:453	the crystal structure	433:453	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	28	theme	nanocomposites	501:514	arg1	composition					471:481	composition	471:481	composition	471:481	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	6	29	theme	functional	1100:1109	arg1	matrix					1069:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix	1043:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	1043:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	6	29	theme	functional	1100:1109	arg1	biomaterials					1111:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	5	30	theme	good	878:881	arg1	activity					897:904	a good antimicrobial activity	876:904	a good antimicrobial activity	876:904	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	2	31	theme	cellulose-AgCl	486:499	arg1	nanocomposites					501:514	cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites	486:514	cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites	486:514	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	0	32	theme	fiber	37:41	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning	0:102	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning.
27929801	3	33	theme	Polyvinylpyrrolidone	635:654	arg1	addition					623:630	the addition	619:630	the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)	619:660	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	5	34	theme	cellulose-AgCl	841:854	arg1	nanocomposites					856:869	cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites	841:869	cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites	841:869	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	0	35	theme	antimicrobial	48:60	arg1	activity					62:69	antimicrobial activity	48:69	antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning	48:102	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning.
27929801	4	36	dep	microbes	751:758	arg1	aureus					791:796	S. aureus	788:796	S. aureus (Gram-positive)	788:812	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	4	36	dep	microbes	751:758	arg1	Gram-positive					799:811	Gram-positive	799:811	Gram-positive	799:811	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	4	36	dep	microbes	751:758	arg1	coli					763:766	E. coli	760:766	E. coli (Gram-negative)	760:782	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	4	37	dep	coli	763:766	arg1	Gram-negative					769:781	Gram-negative	769:781	Gram-negative	769:781	The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposites fiber is also tested against the model microbes E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive).
27929801	0	38	with	Preparation	0:10	arg1	activity					62:69	antimicrobial activity	48:69	antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning	48:102	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning.
27929801	2	39	theme	dispersive	324:333	arg1	spectrometer					335:346	Energy dispersive spectrometer	317:346	Energy dispersive spectrometer	317:346	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	3	40	theme	cellulose	570:578	arg1	matrix					586:591	cellulose fiber matrix	570:591	cellulose fiber matrix	570:591	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	2	41	theme	X-ray	262:266	arg1	diffraction					268:278	X-ray diffraction	262:278	X-ray diffraction	262:278	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	2	42	theme	Energy	317:322	arg1	spectrometer					335:346	Energy dispersive spectrometer	317:346	Energy dispersive spectrometer	317:346	X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer, Thermo-gravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared are used to characterize the crystal structure, morphology and composition of cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites.
27929801	5	43	from	decrease	935:942	arg1	matrix					966:971	fiber matrix	960:971	fiber matrix	960:971	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	6	44	theme	simple	1005:1010	arg1	way					1012:1014	a novel and simple way	993:1014	a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	993:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	0	45	theme	one-step	79:86	arg1	electrospinning					88:102	one-step electrospinning	79:102	one-step electrospinning	79:102	Preparation of native cellulose-AgCl fiber with antimicrobial activity through one-step electrospinning.
27929801	6	46	theme	AgCl	1030:1033	arg1	size					1035:1038	the AgCl size	1026:1038	the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	1026:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	5	47	theme	antimicrobial	883:895	arg1	activity					897:904	a good antimicrobial activity	876:904	a good antimicrobial activity	876:904	The results indicate that cellulose-AgCl nanocomposites have a good antimicrobial activity, which is improving with the decrease of AgCl size in fiber matrix.
27929801	6	48	theme	electrospinning	1043:1057	arg1	matrix					1069:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix	1043:1074	electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	1043:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	6	48	theme	electrospinning	1043:1057	arg1	biomaterials					1111:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	functional biomaterials	1100:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27929801	1	49	theme	one-step	169:176	arg1	electrospinning					178:192	one-step electrospinning	169:192	one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3	169:259	The native Cellulose-AgCl fiber have been firstly fabricated by one-step electrospinning of cellulose solution with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and AgNO3.
27929801	3	50	from	size	554:557	arg1	matrix					586:591	cellulose fiber matrix	570:591	cellulose fiber matrix	570:591	The results of SEM indicate that the size of AgCl in cellulose fiber matrix is able to be adjusted by the addition of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
27929801	6	51	theme	novel	995:999	arg1	way					1012:1014	a novel and simple way	993:1014	a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials	993:1122	This work provides a novel and simple way to adjust the AgCl size in electrospinning cellulose matrix which can be applied as functional biomaterials.
27773840	2	0	theme	critical	547:554	arg1	LCST					578:581	LCST	578:581	LCST	578:581	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	0	theme	critical	547:554	arg1	temperature					565:575	the lower critical solution temperature	537:575	the lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	537:582	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	8	1	theme	release	1459:1465	arg1	media					1467:1471	the release media	1455:1471	the release media	1455:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	4	2	theme	polymer/drug	756:767	arg1	ratio					769:773	the feed polymer/drug ratio	747:773	the feed polymer/drug ratio	747:773	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	1	3	theme	P-g-pNIPAM	186:195	arg1	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	6	4	theme	size	1001:1004	arg1	distribution					1006:1017	narrower size distribution	992:1017	narrower size distribution	992:1017	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	2	5	theme	lower	541:545	arg1	LCST					578:581	LCST	578:581	LCST	578:581	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	5	theme	lower	541:545	arg1	temperature					565:575	the lower critical solution temperature	537:575	the lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	537:582	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	8	6	from	nanoparticles	1296:1308	arg1	rate					1286:1289	The indomethacin release rate	1261:1289	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles	1261:1308	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	4	7	theme	feed	751:754	arg1	ratio					769:773	the feed polymer/drug ratio	747:773	the feed polymer/drug ratio	747:773	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	6	8	theme	narrower	992:999	arg1	distribution					1006:1017	narrower size distribution	992:1017	narrower size distribution	992:1017	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	7	9	theme	hydrogen	1182:1189	arg1	bonding					1191:1197	the hydrogen bonding	1178:1197	the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin	1178:1218	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	7	9	theme	hydrogen	1182:1189	arg1	force					1148:1152	the main driven force	1132:1152	the main driven force for the aggregation	1132:1172	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	7	10	theme	1H	1105:1106	arg1	spectra					1112:1118	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra	1095:1118	spectra	1112:1118	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	6	11	with	particles	969:977	arg1	distribution					1006:1017	narrower size distribution	992:1017	narrower size distribution	992:1017	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	4	12	theme	drug	797:800	arg1	DLC					819:821	DLC	819:821	DLC	819:821	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	12	theme	drug	797:800	arg1	content					810:816	drug loading content	797:816	drug loading content (DLC)	797:822	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	0	13	theme	indomethacin	95:106	arg1	delivery					83:90	controlled delivery	72:90	controlled delivery of indomethacin	72:106	Smart nanoparticles based on pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for controlled delivery of indomethacin.
27773840	7	14	theme	NMR	1108:1110	arg1	spectra					1112:1118	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra	1095:1118	spectra	1112:1118	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	2	15	from	aggregates	410:419	arg1	solution					432:439	aqueous solution	424:439	aqueous solution	424:439	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	16	theme	aqueous	424:430	arg1	solution					432:439	aqueous solution	424:439	aqueous solution	424:439	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	8	17	from	temperatures	1399:1410	arg1	dissociation					1356:1367	the dissociation	1352:1367	the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media	1352:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	8	18	from	pH	1449:1450	arg1	dissociation					1356:1367	the dissociation	1352:1367	the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media	1352:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	7	19	theme	FT-IR	1095:1099	arg1	spectra					1112:1118	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra	1095:1118	spectra	1112:1118	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	6	20	theme	pNIPAM	1080:1085	arg1	grafts					1087:1092	pNIPAM grafts	1080:1092	pNIPAM grafts	1080:1092	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	2	21	theme	10g/L	463:467	arg1	concentration					446:458	a concentration	444:458	a concentration of 10g/L	444:467	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	3	22	theme	indomethacin	591:602	arg1	loading					604:610	indomethacin loading	591:610	indomethacin loading	591:610	After indomethacin loading, nanoparticles with compact and uniform structure were formed below the LCST.
27773840	6	23	theme	grafts	1087:1092	arg1	weight					1070:1075	a higher molecular weight	1051:1075	a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts	1051:1092	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	4	24	theme	composition	715:725	arg1	effects					694:700	The effects	690:700	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE)	690:853	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	3	25	with	nanoparticles	613:625	arg1	structure					652:660	compact and uniform structure	632:660	compact and uniform structure	632:660	After indomethacin loading, nanoparticles with compact and uniform structure were formed below the LCST.
27773840	6	26	theme	Smaller	961:967	arg1	particles					969:977	Smaller particles	961:977	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution	961:1017	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	6	26	theme	Smaller	961:967	arg1	145nm					980:984	145nm	980:984	145nm	980:984	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	3	27	theme	compact	632:638	arg1	structure					652:660	compact and uniform structure	632:660	compact and uniform structure	632:660	After indomethacin loading, nanoparticles with compact and uniform structure were formed below the LCST.
27773840	1	28	theme	indomethacin-loaded	316:334	arg1	nanoparticles					336:348	indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles	316:348	indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles	316:348	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	1	29	theme	different	218:226	arg1	weight					238:243	two different molecular weight	214:243	two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	214:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	1	30	theme	nanoparticles	336:348	arg1	preparation					301:311	preparation	301:311	preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles	301:348	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	1	31	theme	Double	109:114	arg1	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	8	32	from	degree	1417:1422	arg1	dissociation					1356:1367	the dissociation	1352:1367	the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media	1352:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	1	33	theme	molecular	228:236	arg1	weight					238:243	two different molecular weight	214:243	two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	214:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	2	34	theme	aggregation	491:501	arg1	3.36g/L					518:524	3.36g/L	518:524	3.36g/L	518:524	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	34	theme	aggregation	491:501	arg1	concentration					503:515	their critical aggregation concentration	476:515	their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L)	476:525	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	8	35	theme	loading	1432:1438	arg1	pH					1449:1450	the pH	1445:1450	the pH of the release media	1445:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	8	35	theme	loading	1432:1438	arg1	temperatures					1399:1410	high temperatures	1394:1410	high temperatures	1394:1410	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	8	35	theme	loading	1432:1438	arg1	degree					1417:1422	the degree	1413:1422	the degree of drug loading	1413:1438	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	1	36	theme	hydrophilic	116:126	arg1	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	4	37	from	effects	694:700	arg1	efficiency					839:848	entrapment efficiency	828:848	entrapment efficiency (EE)	828:853	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	37	from	effects	694:700	arg1	size					791:794	the particle size	778:794	the particle size	778:794	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	37	from	effects	694:700	arg1	DLC					819:821	DLC	819:821	DLC	819:821	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	37	from	effects	694:700	arg1	EE					851:852	EE	851:852	EE	851:852	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	37	from	effects	694:700	arg1	content					810:816	drug loading content	797:816	drug loading content (DLC)	797:822	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	7	38	theme	main	1136:1139	arg1	bonding					1191:1197	the hydrogen bonding	1178:1197	the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin	1178:1218	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	7	38	theme	main	1136:1139	arg1	force					1148:1152	the main driven force	1132:1152	the main driven force for the aggregation	1132:1172	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	4	39	theme	ratio	769:773	arg1	effects					694:700	The effects	690:700	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE)	690:853	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	8	40	theme	drug	1427:1430	arg1	loading					1432:1438	drug loading	1427:1438	drug loading	1427:1438	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	4	41	theme	concentration	728:740	arg1	effects					694:700	The effects	690:700	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE)	690:853	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	42	theme	copolymer	705:713	arg1	composition					715:725	copolymer composition	705:725	copolymer composition	705:725	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	5	43	theme	drug	893:896	arg1	feeding					898:904	drug feeding	893:904	drug feeding	893:904	DLC increased with drug feeding, reaching a maximum value of 40% at the ratios of 1/1.
27773840	8	44	theme	release	1278:1284	arg1	rate					1286:1289	The indomethacin release rate	1261:1289	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles	1261:1308	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	7	45	theme	driven	1141:1146	arg1	bonding					1191:1197	the hydrogen bonding	1178:1197	the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin	1178:1218	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	7	45	theme	driven	1141:1146	arg1	force					1148:1152	the main driven force	1132:1152	the main driven force for the aggregation	1132:1172	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	8	46	theme	indomethacin	1265:1276	arg1	rate					1286:1289	The indomethacin release rate	1261:1289	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles	1261:1308	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	5	47	theme	%	937:937	arg1	value					926:930	a maximum value	916:930	a maximum value of 40%	916:937	DLC increased with drug feeding, reaching a maximum value of 40% at the ratios of 1/1.
27773840	1	48	theme	thermosensitive	248:262	arg1	grafts					264:269	thermosensitive grafts	248:269	thermosensitive grafts	248:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	1	49	theme	nanoprecipitation	366:382	arg1	method					384:389	nanoprecipitation method	366:389	nanoprecipitation method	366:389	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	1	50	used	used	292:295	arg2	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	3	51	theme	uniform	644:650	arg1	structure					652:660	compact and uniform structure	632:660	compact and uniform structure	632:660	After indomethacin loading, nanoparticles with compact and uniform structure were formed below the LCST.
27773840	1	52	theme	thermo-responsive	128:144	arg1	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	5	53	theme	1/1	956:958	arg1	ratios					946:951	the ratios	942:951	the ratios of 1/1	942:958	DLC increased with drug feeding, reaching a maximum value of 40% at the ratios of 1/1.
27773840	6	54	theme	molecular	1060:1068	arg1	weight					1070:1075	a higher molecular weight	1051:1075	a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts	1051:1092	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	7	55	theme	side	1235:1238	arg1	chains					1240:1245	the pNIPAM side chains	1224:1245	the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer	1224:1258	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	8	56	theme	high	1394:1397	arg1	temperatures					1399:1410	high temperatures	1394:1410	high temperatures	1394:1410	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	1	57	theme	pullulan-g-poly	146:160	arg1	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	1	58	with	copolymers	198:207	arg1	weight					238:243	two different molecular weight	214:243	two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	214:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	4	59	theme	entrapment	828:837	arg1	efficiency					839:848	entrapment efficiency	828:848	entrapment efficiency (EE)	828:853	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	59	theme	entrapment	828:837	arg1	EE					851:852	EE	851:852	EE	851:852	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	8	60	theme	bonds	1385:1389	arg1	dissociation					1356:1367	the dissociation	1352:1367	the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media	1352:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	4	61	theme	particle	782:789	arg1	size					791:794	the particle size	778:794	the particle size	778:794	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	62	theme	loading	802:808	arg1	DLC					819:821	DLC	819:821	DLC	819:821	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	4	62	theme	loading	802:808	arg1	content					810:816	drug loading content	797:816	drug loading content (DLC)	797:822	The effects of copolymer composition, concentration, and the feed polymer/drug ratio on the particle size, drug loading content (DLC) and entrapment efficiency (EE) were investigated.
27773840	1	63	theme	grafts	264:269	arg1	weight					238:243	two different molecular weight	214:243	two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	214:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	6	64	theme	higher	1053:1058	arg1	weight					1070:1075	a higher molecular weight	1051:1075	a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts	1051:1092	Smaller particles (145nm) with narrower size distribution were obtained from polymer with a higher molecular weight of pNIPAM grafts.
27773840	1	65	theme	N-isopropylacrylamide	162:182	arg1	copolymers					198:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers	109:207	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts	109:269	Double hydrophilic thermo-responsive pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (P-g-pNIPAM) copolymers with two different molecular weight of thermosensitive grafts were synthesized and used for preparation of indomethacin-loaded nanoparticles by dialysis and nanoprecipitation method.
27773840	7	66	theme	copolymer	1250:1258	arg1	chains					1240:1245	the pNIPAM side chains	1224:1245	the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer	1224:1258	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	7	66	theme	copolymer	1250:1258	arg1	bonding					1191:1197	the hydrogen bonding	1178:1197	the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin	1178:1218	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	7	66	theme	copolymer	1250:1258	arg1	force					1148:1152	the main driven force	1132:1152	the main driven force for the aggregation	1132:1172	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27773840	0	67	theme	controlled	72:81	arg1	delivery					83:90	controlled delivery	72:90	controlled delivery of indomethacin	72:106	Smart nanoparticles based on pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for controlled delivery of indomethacin.
27773840	8	68	theme	hydrogen	1376:1383	arg1	bonds					1385:1389	the hydrogen bonds	1372:1389	the hydrogen bonds	1372:1389	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	0	69	dep	nanoparticles	6:18	arg1	based					20:24	based	20:24	nanoparticles based on pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for controlled delivery of indomethacin	6:106	Smart nanoparticles based on pullulan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for controlled delivery of indomethacin.
27773840	2	70	theme	critical	482:489	arg1	3.36g/L					518:524	3.36g/L	518:524	3.36g/L	518:524	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	70	theme	critical	482:489	arg1	concentration					503:515	their critical aggregation concentration	476:515	their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L)	476:525	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	71	theme	solution	556:563	arg1	LCST					578:581	LCST	578:581	LCST	578:581	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	2	71	theme	solution	556:563	arg1	temperature					565:575	the lower critical solution temperature	537:575	the lower critical solution temperature (LCST)	537:582	The polymers form aggregates in aqueous solution at a concentration of 10g/L, above their critical aggregation concentration (3.36g/L) and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST).
27773840	8	72	theme	media	1467:1471	arg1	pH					1449:1450	the pH	1445:1450	the pH of the release media	1445:1471	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	8	72	theme	media	1467:1471	arg1	temperatures					1399:1410	high temperatures	1394:1410	high temperatures	1394:1410	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	8	72	theme	media	1467:1471	arg1	degree					1417:1422	the degree	1413:1422	the degree of drug loading	1413:1438	The indomethacin release rate from nanoparticles was influenced by temperature, because of the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds at high temperatures, the degree of drug loading, and the pH of the release media.
27773840	5	73	theme	maximum	918:924	arg1	value					926:930	a maximum value	916:930	a maximum value of 40%	916:937	DLC increased with drug feeding, reaching a maximum value of 40% at the ratios of 1/1.
27773840	7	74	theme	pNIPAM	1228:1233	arg1	chains					1240:1245	the pNIPAM side chains	1224:1245	the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer	1224:1258	FT-IR and 1H NMR spectra proved that the main driven force for the aggregation was the hydrogen bonding between indomethacin and the pNIPAM side chains of copolymer.
27122297	0	0	theme	carbodiimide	88:99	arg1	cross-linking					101:113	carbodiimide cross-linking	88:113	carbodiimide cross-linking	88:113	Comparison of the properties of collagen-chitosan scaffolds after γ-ray irradiation and carbodiimide cross-linking.
27122297	12	1	link	cross-linked	1493:1504	arg1	choice					1531:1536	the best choice	1522:1536	the best choice for future tissue engineering	1522:1566	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	12	1	link	cross-linked	1493:1504	arg1	scaffold					1506:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	5	2	theme	scaffold	649:656	arg1	morphology					658:667	The scaffold morphology	645:667	The scaffold morphology	645:667	The scaffold morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
27122297	11	3	link	cross-linked	1341:1352	arg1	scaffold					1354:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1337:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan	1337:1385	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	9	4	from	orientation	1137:1147	arg1	CAR					1170:1172	CAR	1170:1172	CAR	1170:1172	Mechanical property determines the orientation in γ-irradiation and CAR scaffold.
27122297	9	4	from	orientation	1137:1147	arg1	γ-irradiation					1152:1164	γ-irradiation	1152:1164	γ-irradiation	1152:1164	Mechanical property determines the orientation in γ-irradiation and CAR scaffold.
27122297	11	5	dep	bio-stability	1422:1434	arg1	the					1418:1420	the	1418:1420	the	1418:1420	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	1	6	theme	cross-linking	186:198	arg1	density					200:206	cross-linking density	186:206	cross-linking density	186:206	The property of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold varies according to cross-linking density and scaffold composition.
27122297	8	7	theme	swelling	946:953	arg1	ratio					955:959	swelling ratio	946:959	swelling ratio	946:959	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	12	8	theme	future	1542:1547	arg1	engineering					1556:1566	future tissue engineering	1542:1566	future tissue engineering	1542:1566	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	8	9	theme	%	1066:1066	arg1	proportion					1068:1077	25% proportion	1064:1077	25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds	1064:1099	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	8	10	theme	porosity	962:969	arg1	factor					971:976	porosity factor	962:976	porosity factor	962:976	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	10	11	theme	degradation	1193:1203	arg1	test					1205:1208	In vitro degradation test	1184:1208	In vitro degradation test	1184:1208	In vitro degradation test indicated that γ-irradiation and CAR cross-linking can elevate the scaffold biocompatibility.
27122297	5	12	theme	electron	698:705	arg1	SEM					719:721	SEM	719:721	SEM	719:721	The scaffold morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
27122297	5	12	theme	electron	698:705	arg1	microscope					707:716	scanning electron microscope	689:716	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	689:722	The scaffold morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
27122297	5	13	theme	scanning	689:696	arg1	SEM					719:721	SEM	719:721	SEM	719:721	The scaffold morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
27122297	5	13	theme	scanning	689:696	arg1	microscope					707:716	scanning electron microscope	689:716	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	689:722	The scaffold morphology was evaluated under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
27122297	3	14	theme	5	493:493	arg1	%					494:494	%	494:494	%	494:494	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	2	15	theme	scaffolds	312:320	arg1	properties					273:282	the properties	269:282	the properties of collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time	269:394	This study was designed to compare the properties of collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time.
27122297	3	16	theme	%	494:494	arg1	gradient					507:514	a 5% increasing gradient	491:514	a 5% increasing gradient	491:514	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	3	17	theme	scaffolds	430:438	arg1	scaffolds					430:438	collagen-chitosan scaffolds	412:438	collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient	412:514	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	3	17	theme	scaffolds	430:438	arg1	sets					404:407	Eleven sets	397:407	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient	397:514	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	10	18	theme	In	1184:1185	arg1	test					1205:1208	In vitro degradation test	1184:1208	In vitro degradation test	1184:1208	In vitro degradation test indicated that γ-irradiation and CAR cross-linking can elevate the scaffold biocompatibility.
27122297	12	19	theme	CAR	1489:1491	arg1	choice					1531:1536	the best choice	1522:1536	the best choice for future tissue engineering	1522:1566	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	12	19	theme	CAR	1489:1491	arg1	scaffold					1506:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	9	20	dep	γ-irradiation	1152:1164	arg1	scaffold					1174:1181	scaffold	1174:1181	scaffold	1174:1181	Mechanical property determines the orientation in γ-irradiation and CAR scaffold.
27122297	11	21	theme	γ-ray	1318:1322	arg1	irradiation					1324:1334	γ-ray irradiation	1318:1334	γ-ray irradiation	1318:1334	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	6	22	theme	indispensable	759:771	arg1	material					773:780	an indispensable material	756:780	an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold	756:830	SEM revealed that chitosan was an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold.
27122297	6	22	theme	indispensable	759:771	arg1	chitosan					743:750	chitosan	743:750	chitosan	743:750	SEM revealed that chitosan was an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold.
27122297	1	23	theme	scaffold	212:219	arg1	composition					221:231	scaffold composition	212:231	scaffold composition	212:231	The property of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold varies according to cross-linking density and scaffold composition.
27122297	10	24	dep	γ-irradiation	1225:1237	arg1	cross-linking					1247:1259	cross-linking	1247:1259	cross-linking	1247:1259	In vitro degradation test indicated that γ-irradiation and CAR cross-linking can elevate the scaffold biocompatibility.
27122297	3	25	contain	containing	440:449	arg1	scaffolds					430:438	collagen-chitosan scaffolds	412:438	collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient	412:514	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	3	25	contain	containing	440:449	arg2	concentrations					461:474	different concentrations	451:474	different concentrations of chitosan	451:486	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	7	26	theme	alternative	912:922	arg1	scaffolds					924:932	alternative scaffolds	912:932	alternative scaffolds	912:932	The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than those of alternative scaffolds.
27122297	8	27	theme	scaffolds	1091:1099	arg1	CAR					1056:1058	CAR	1056:1058	CAR	1056:1058	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	8	27	theme	scaffolds	1091:1099	arg1	proportion					1068:1077	25% proportion	1064:1077	25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds	1064:1099	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	0	28	theme	properties	18:27	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of the properties of collagen-chitosan	0:48	Comparison of the properties of collagen-chitosan scaffolds after γ-ray irradiation and carbodiimide cross-linking.
27122297	4	29	theme	cross-linking	613:625	arg1	success					602:608	the success	598:608	the success of cross-linking in the scaffolds	598:642	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to confirm the success of cross-linking in the scaffolds.
27122297	11	30	theme	cross-linked	1341:1352	arg1	scaffold					1354:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1337:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan	1337:1385	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	8	31	theme	25	1064:1065	arg1	%					1066:1066	%	1066:1066	%	1066:1066	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	3	32	theme	collagen-chitosan	412:428	arg1	scaffolds					430:438	collagen-chitosan scaffolds	412:438	collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient	412:514	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	4	33	dep	Fourier	533:539	arg1	transform					541:549	transform	541:549	transform infrared spectroscopy	541:571	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to confirm the success of cross-linking in the scaffolds.
27122297	12	34	theme	best	1526:1529	arg1	choice					1531:1536	the best choice	1522:1536	the best choice for future tissue engineering	1522:1566	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	12	34	theme	best	1526:1529	arg1	scaffold					1506:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	0	35	theme	collagen-chitosan	32:48	arg1	properties					18:27	the properties	14:27	the properties of collagen-chitosan	14:48	Comparison of the properties of collagen-chitosan scaffolds after γ-ray irradiation and carbodiimide cross-linking.
27122297	11	36	contain	containing	1363:1372	arg2	chitosan					1378:1385	25% chitosan	1374:1385	25% chitosan	1374:1385	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	11	36	contain	containing	1363:1372	arg1	scaffold					1354:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1337:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan	1337:1385	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	12	37	theme	cross-linked	1493:1504	arg1	choice					1531:1536	the best choice	1522:1536	the best choice for future tissue engineering	1522:1566	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	12	37	theme	cross-linked	1493:1504	arg1	scaffold					1506:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1489:1513	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	8	38	theme	collagenase	983:993	arg1	degradation					995:1005	collagenase degradation	983:1005	collagenase degradation	983:1005	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	3	39	theme	increasing	496:505	arg1	gradient					507:514	a 5% increasing gradient	491:514	a 5% increasing gradient	491:514	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	3	40	theme	chitosan	479:486	arg1	concentrations					461:474	different concentrations	451:474	different concentrations of chitosan	451:486	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	7	41	theme	irradiation	861:871	arg1	scaffold					873:880	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	855:880	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	855:880	The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than those of alternative scaffolds.
27122297	4	42	from	success	602:608	arg1	scaffolds					634:642	the scaffolds	630:642	the scaffolds	630:642	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to confirm the success of cross-linking in the scaffolds.
27122297	8	43	theme	chitosan	1082:1089	arg1	scaffolds					1091:1099	chitosan scaffolds	1082:1099	chitosan scaffolds	1082:1099	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	8	44	theme	γ-ray	1008:1012	arg1	scaffold					1026:1033	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	1008:1033	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	1008:1033	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	3	45	theme	different	451:459	arg1	concentrations					461:474	different concentrations	451:474	different concentrations of chitosan	451:486	Eleven sets of collagen-chitosan scaffolds containing different concentrations of chitosan at a 5% increasing gradient were fabricated.
27122297	7	46	theme	scaffold	873:880	arg1	stable					891:896	stable	891:896	stable	891:896	The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than those of alternative scaffolds.
27122297	7	46	theme	scaffold	873:880	arg1	microstructure					837:850	The microstructure	833:850	The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold	833:880	The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than those of alternative scaffolds.
27122297	11	47	theme	%	1376:1376	arg1	chitosan					1378:1385	25% chitosan	1374:1385	25% chitosan	1374:1385	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	4	48	dep	transform	541:549	arg1	infrared					551:558	infrared	551:558	transform infrared spectroscopy	541:571	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to confirm the success of cross-linking in the scaffolds.
27122297	12	49	theme	tissue	1549:1554	arg1	engineering					1556:1566	future tissue engineering	1542:1566	future tissue engineering	1542:1566	CAR cross-linked scaffold may be the best choice for future tissue engineering.
27122297	2	50	theme	first	385:389	arg1	time					391:394	the first time	381:394	the first time	381:394	This study was designed to compare the properties of collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time.
27122297	11	51	theme	CAR	1337:1339	arg1	scaffold					1354:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold	1337:1361	CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan	1337:1385	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	1	52	theme	collagen-chitosan	132:148	arg1	scaffold					157:164	collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	132:164	collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	132:164	The property of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold varies according to cross-linking density and scaffold composition.
27122297	7	53	theme	γ-ray	855:859	arg1	scaffold					873:880	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	855:880	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	855:880	The microstructure of γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than those of alternative scaffolds.
27122297	10	54	dep	In	1184:1185	arg1	vitro					1187:1191	vitro	1187:1191	vitro	1187:1191	In vitro degradation test indicated that γ-irradiation and CAR cross-linking can elevate the scaffold biocompatibility.
27122297	2	55	theme	porous	305:310	arg1	scaffolds					312:320	collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds	287:320	collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time	287:394	This study was designed to compare the properties of collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time.
27122297	6	56	theme	scaffold	823:830	arg1	fabrication					790:800	the fabrication	786:800	the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold	786:830	SEM revealed that chitosan was an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold.
27122297	1	57	theme	porous	150:155	arg1	scaffold					157:164	collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	132:164	collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	132:164	The property of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold varies according to cross-linking density and scaffold composition.
27122297	9	58	theme	Mechanical	1102:1111	arg1	property					1113:1120	Mechanical property	1102:1120	Mechanical property	1102:1120	Mechanical property determines the orientation in γ-irradiation and CAR scaffold.
27122297	8	59	theme	irradiation	1014:1024	arg1	scaffold					1026:1033	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	1008:1033	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	1008:1033	Based upon swelling ratio, porosity factor, and collagenase degradation, γ-ray irradiation scaffold was less stable than CAR and 25% proportion of chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	2	60	theme	collagen-chitosan	287:303	arg1	scaffolds					312:320	collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds	287:320	collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time	287:394	This study was designed to compare the properties of collagen-chitosan porous scaffolds cross-linked with γ-irradiation and carbodiimide (CAR) for the first time.
27122297	6	61	theme	irradiation	811:821	arg1	scaffold					823:830	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	805:830	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	805:830	SEM revealed that chitosan was an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold.
27122297	1	62	theme	scaffold	157:164	arg1	property					120:127	The property	116:127	The property of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold	116:164	The property of collagen-chitosan porous scaffold varies according to cross-linking density and scaffold composition.
27122297	6	63	theme	γ-ray	805:809	arg1	scaffold					823:830	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	805:830	γ-ray irradiation scaffold	805:830	SEM revealed that chitosan was an indispensable material for the fabrication of γ-ray irradiation scaffold.
27122297	10	64	theme	scaffold	1277:1284	arg1	biocompatibility					1286:1301	the scaffold biocompatibility	1273:1301	the scaffold biocompatibility	1273:1301	In vitro degradation test indicated that γ-irradiation and CAR cross-linking can elevate the scaffold biocompatibility.
27122297	0	65	theme	γ-ray	66:70	arg1	irradiation					72:82	γ-ray irradiation	66:82	γ-ray irradiation	66:82	Comparison of the properties of collagen-chitosan scaffolds after γ-ray irradiation and carbodiimide cross-linking.
27122297	11	66	theme	collagen-chitosan	1460:1476	arg1	scaffolds					1478:1486	collagen-chitosan scaffolds	1460:1486	collagen-chitosan scaffolds	1460:1486	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	11	67	theme	scaffolds	1478:1486	arg1	bio-stability					1422:1434	bio-stability	1422:1434	bio-stability	1422:1434	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	11	67	theme	scaffolds	1478:1486	arg1	biocompatibility					1440:1455	biocompatibility	1440:1455	biocompatibility	1440:1455	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
27122297	11	68	theme	25	1374:1375	arg1	%					1376:1376	%	1376:1376	%	1376:1376	Compared with γ-ray irradiation, CAR cross-linked scaffold containing 25% chitosan can more significantly enhance the bio-stability and biocompatibility of collagen-chitosan scaffolds.
25491814	2	0	theme	final	365:369	arg1	aim					371:373	the final aim	361:373	the final aim of developing systems for cell immobilization	361:419	Tunable gelling kinetics and rheological properties are obtained varying the hydrogels' composition, with the final aim of developing systems for cell immobilization.
25491814	4	1	from	G	720:720	arg1	diameters					694:702	diameters	694:702	diameters from 20 G to 30 G	694:720	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	4	2	theme	Texture	603:609	arg1	analysis					611:618	Texture analysis	603:618	Texture analysis	603:618	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	3	3	theme	cells	567:571	arg1	agents					583:588	active agents	576:588	active agents immobilized	576:600	The reversibility by dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels is achieved with saline solutions, to possibly accelerate the release of the cells or active agents immobilized.
25491814	3	3	theme	cells	567:571	arg1	release					552:558	the release	548:558	the release of the cells	548:571	The reversibility by dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels is achieved with saline solutions, to possibly accelerate the release of the cells or active agents immobilized.
25491814	4	4	dep	G	720:720	arg1	to					714:715	to	714:715	to	714:715	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	5	5	theme	L929	876:879	arg1	fibroblasts					881:891	L929 fibroblasts	876:891	L929 fibroblasts entrapped in the hydrogels	876:918	L929 fibroblasts entrapped in the hydrogels survive to the immobilization procedure and exhibit high cell viability.
25491814	4	6	theme	open	862:865	arg1	surgery					867:873	the open surgery	858:873	the open surgery	858:873	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	6	7	theme	regeneration	1097:1108	arg1	applications					1110:1121	tissue regeneration applications	1090:1121	tissue regeneration applications	1090:1121	On the overall, these systems result to be suitable supports for the immobilization of cells for tissue regeneration applications.
25491814	2	8	theme	rheological	284:294	arg1	properties					296:305	rheological properties	284:305	rheological properties	284:305	Tunable gelling kinetics and rheological properties are obtained varying the hydrogels' composition, with the final aim of developing systems for cell immobilization.
25491814	2	9	theme	cell	401:404	arg1	immobilization					406:419	cell immobilization	401:419	cell immobilization	401:419	Tunable gelling kinetics and rheological properties are obtained varying the hydrogels' composition, with the final aim of developing systems for cell immobilization.
25491814	1	10	theme	organic	163:169	arg1	matrix					171:176	organic matrix	163:176	organic matrix	163:176	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	6	11	dep	suitable	1036:1043	arg1	supports					1045:1052	supports	1045:1052	supports for the immobilization of cells for tissue regeneration applications	1045:1121	On the overall, these systems result to be suitable supports for the immobilization of cells for tissue regeneration applications.
25491814	1	12	theme	novel	74:78	arg1	hydrogel					104:111	a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel	72:111	a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel	72:111	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	4	13	theme	G	712:712	arg1	G					720:720	20 G to 30 G	709:720	20 G to 30 G	709:720	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	0	14	theme	Reactive	0:7	arg1	hydroxyapatite					9:22	Reactive hydroxyapatite	0:22	Reactive hydroxyapatite	0:22	Reactive hydroxyapatite fillers for pectin biocomposites.
25491814	4	15	theme	surgery	867:873	arg1	pain					812:815	the pain	808:815	the pain during injection	808:832	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	4	15	theme	surgery	867:873	arg1	effects					847:853	the side effects	838:853	the side effects of the open surgery	838:873	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	1	16	theme	injectable	80:89	arg1	hydrogel					104:111	a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel	72:111	a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel	72:111	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	6	17	theme	cells	1080:1084	arg1	immobilization					1062:1075	the immobilization	1058:1075	the immobilization of cells for tissue regeneration applications	1058:1121	On the overall, these systems result to be suitable supports for the immobilization of cells for tissue regeneration applications.
25491814	6	18	theme	tissue	1090:1095	arg1	applications					1110:1121	tissue regeneration applications	1090:1121	tissue regeneration applications	1090:1121	On the overall, these systems result to be suitable supports for the immobilization of cells for tissue regeneration applications.
25491814	3	19	theme	active	576:581	arg1	agents					583:588	active agents	576:588	active agents immobilized	576:600	The reversibility by dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels is achieved with saline solutions, to possibly accelerate the release of the cells or active agents immobilized.
25491814	4	20	theme	side	842:845	arg1	effects					847:853	the side effects	838:853	the side effects of the open surgery	838:873	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	5	21	theme	high	972:975	arg1	viability					982:990	high cell viability	972:990	high cell viability	972:990	L929 fibroblasts entrapped in the hydrogels survive to the immobilization procedure and exhibit high cell viability.
25491814	4	22	theme	minimally-invasive	766:783	arg1	approaches					785:794	minimally-invasive approaches	766:794	minimally-invasive approaches	766:794	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	4	23	from	needles	681:687	arg1	biocomposites					662:674	the biocomposites	658:674	the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G	658:720	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	1	24	dep	matrix	171:176	arg1	either					197:202	either	197:202	either	197:202	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	3	25	theme	hydrogels	480:488	arg1	dissolution					443:453	dissolution	443:453	dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels	443:488	The reversibility by dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels is achieved with saline solutions, to possibly accelerate the release of the cells or active agents immobilized.
25491814	0	26	theme	pectin	36:41	arg1	biocomposites					43:55	pectin biocomposites	36:55	pectin biocomposites	36:55	Reactive hydroxyapatite fillers for pectin biocomposites.
25491814	1	27	theme	crosslinking	207:218	arg1	agent					220:224	crosslinking agent	207:224	crosslinking agent	207:224	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	5	28	theme	cell	977:980	arg1	viability					982:990	high cell viability	972:990	high cell viability	972:990	L929 fibroblasts entrapped in the hydrogels survive to the immobilization procedure and exhibit high cell viability.
25491814	5	29	theme	immobilization	935:948	arg1	procedure					950:958	the immobilization procedure	931:958	the immobilization procedure	931:958	L929 fibroblasts entrapped in the hydrogels survive to the immobilization procedure and exhibit high cell viability.
25491814	4	30	with	needles	681:687	arg1	diameters					694:702	diameters	694:702	diameters from 20 G to 30 G	694:720	Texture analysis confirms the possibility of extruding the biocomposites from needles with diameters from 20 G to 30 G, indicating that they can be implanted with minimally-invasive approaches, minimizing the pain during injection and the side effects of the open surgery.
25491814	3	31	theme	saline	507:512	arg1	solutions					514:522	saline solutions	507:522	saline solutions	507:522	The reversibility by dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels is achieved with saline solutions, to possibly accelerate the release of the cells or active agents immobilized.
25491814	1	32	theme	biocomposite	91:102	arg1	hydrogel					104:111	a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel	72:111	a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel	72:111	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	2	33	theme	gelling	263:269	arg1	kinetics					271:278	Tunable gelling kinetics	255:278	Tunable gelling kinetics	255:278	Tunable gelling kinetics and rheological properties are obtained varying the hydrogels' composition, with the final aim of developing systems for cell immobilization.
25491814	1	34	theme	internal	128:135	arg1	gelation					137:144	internal gelation	128:144	internal gelation	128:144	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25491814	2	35	theme	Tunable	255:261	arg1	kinetics					271:278	Tunable gelling kinetics	255:278	Tunable gelling kinetics	255:278	Tunable gelling kinetics and rheological properties are obtained varying the hydrogels' composition, with the final aim of developing systems for cell immobilization.
25491814	3	36	theme	pectin-hydroxyapatite	458:478	arg1	hydrogels					480:488	pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels	458:488	pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels	458:488	The reversibility by dissolution of pectin-hydroxyapatite hydrogels is achieved with saline solutions, to possibly accelerate the release of the cells or active agents immobilized.
25491814	1	37	theme	inorganic	230:238	arg1	reinforcement					240:252	inorganic reinforcement	230:252	inorganic reinforcement	230:252	In this work, a novel injectable biocomposite hydrogel is produced by internal gelation, using pectin as organic matrix and hydroxyapatite either as crosslinking agent and inorganic reinforcement.
25672820	8	0	theme	supersaturation	1336:1350	arg1	level					1327:1331	the highest level	1315:1331	the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments	1315:1443	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	8	1	theme	crystallization	1513:1527	arg1	inhibitor					1529:1537	crystallization inhibitor	1513:1537	crystallization inhibitor	1513:1537	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	6	2	theme	CIL	1104:1106	arg1	solutions					1091:1099	the supersaturated solutions	1072:1099	the supersaturated solutions of CIL	1072:1106	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	0	3	theme	Dissolution	77:87	arg1	Rate					89:92	the Enhanced Dissolution Rate	64:92	the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	64:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	9	4	theme	dissolution	1635:1645	arg1	studies					1647:1653	dissolution studies	1635:1653	dissolution studies	1635:1653	The ability of polymers to generate and maintain supersaturated drug solutions was assessed by dissolution studies.
25672820	1	5	theme	amorphous	162:170	arg1	dispersions					178:188	amorphous solid dispersions	162:188	amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials	162:243	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	0	6	theme	Amorphous	98:106	arg1	Dispersion					114:123	Amorphous Solid Dispersion	98:123	Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	98:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	6	7	dep	presence	1115:1122	arg1	the					1111:1113	the	1111:1113	the	1111:1113	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	10	8	theme	dissolution	1772:1782	arg1	rate					1784:1787	enhanced dissolution rate	1763:1787	enhanced dissolution rate	1763:1787	The wetting kinetics was compared against the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate.
25672820	8	9	theme	greatest	1360:1367	arg1	length					1369:1374	the greatest length	1356:1374	the greatest length of time	1356:1382	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	10	10	theme	solid	1702:1706	arg1	composition					1719:1729	the solid dispersion composition	1698:1729	the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate	1698:1787	The wetting kinetics was compared against the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate.
25672820	7	11	theme	solid	1260:1264	arg1	dispersion					1266:1275	the solid dispersion	1256:1275	the solid dispersion	1256:1275	The degree of supersaturation increased significantly with increase in polymer content within the solid dispersion.
25672820	9	12	theme	polymers	1555:1562	arg1	ability					1544:1550	The ability	1540:1550	The ability of polymers to generate and maintain supersaturated drug solutions	1540:1617	The ability of polymers to generate and maintain supersaturated drug solutions was assessed by dissolution studies.
25672820	1	13	theme	dissolution	287:297	arg1	rate					299:302	the dissolution rate	283:302	the dissolution rate	283:302	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	10	14	theme	enhanced	1763:1770	arg1	rate					1784:1787	enhanced dissolution rate	1763:1787	enhanced dissolution rate	1763:1787	The wetting kinetics was compared against the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate.
25672820	8	15	dep	length	1369:1374	arg1	both					1384:1387	both	1384:1387	both	1384:1387	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	4	16	theme	solid	833:837	arg1	dispersion					839:848	amorphous solid dispersion	823:848	amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	823:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	1	17	theme	solid	172:176	arg1	dispersions					178:188	amorphous solid dispersions	162:188	amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials	162:243	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	0	18	theme	Solid	108:112	arg1	Dispersion					114:123	Amorphous Solid Dispersion	98:123	Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	98:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	4	19	theme	amorphous	823:831	arg1	dispersion					839:848	amorphous solid dispersion	823:848	amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	823:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	8	20	theme	solution	1408:1415	arg1	experiments					1433:1443	solution crystallization experiments	1408:1443	solution crystallization experiments	1408:1443	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	6	21	theme	supersaturated	1076:1089	arg1	solutions					1091:1099	the supersaturated solutions	1072:1099	the supersaturated solutions of CIL	1072:1106	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	2	22	theme	dissolution	468:478	arg1	profile					480:486	the dissolution profile	464:486	the dissolution profile	464:486	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	7	23	theme	polymer	1233:1239	arg1	content					1241:1247	polymer content	1233:1247	polymer content within the solid dispersion	1233:1275	The degree of supersaturation increased significantly with increase in polymer content within the solid dispersion.
25672820	9	24	theme	drug	1604:1607	arg1	solutions					1609:1617	supersaturated drug solutions	1589:1617	supersaturated drug solutions	1589:1617	The ability of polymers to generate and maintain supersaturated drug solutions was assessed by dissolution studies.
25672820	2	25	theme	amorphous	583:591	arg1	material					593:600	the amorphous material	579:600	the amorphous material	579:600	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	2	26	theme	selected	335:342	arg1	polymer					344:350	the selected polymer	331:350	the selected polymer	331:350	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	2	27	theme	solid	400:404	arg1	dispersion					406:415	the amorphous solid dispersion	386:415	the amorphous solid dispersion physically	386:426	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	4	28	theme	dissolution	802:812	arg1	rate					814:817	the enhanced dissolution rate	789:817	the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	789:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	4	29	theme	drug	870:873	arg1	dispersion					839:848	amorphous solid dispersion	823:848	amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	823:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	1	30	theme	molecules	209:217	arg1	dispersions					178:188	amorphous solid dispersions	162:188	amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials	162:243	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	6	31	theme	polymers	1152:1159	arg1	absence					1128:1134	absence	1128:1134	absence	1128:1134	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	6	31	theme	polymers	1152:1159	arg1	presence					1115:1122	presence	1115:1122	presence	1115:1122	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	2	32	theme	material	593:600	arg1	dissolution					564:574	dissolution	564:574	dissolution of the amorphous material	564:600	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	10	33	with	correlation	1746:1756	arg1	rate					1784:1787	enhanced dissolution rate	1763:1787	enhanced dissolution rate	1763:1787	The wetting kinetics was compared against the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate.
25672820	4	34	theme	enhanced	793:800	arg1	rate					814:817	the enhanced dissolution rate	789:817	the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	789:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	5	35	theme	model	919:923	arg1	cilostazol					882:891	cilostazol	882:891	cilostazol (CIL)	882:897	While cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, povidone (PVP), copovidone, and hypromellose (HPMC) were the polymers of choice.
25672820	5	35	theme	model	919:923	arg1	drug					925:928	the model drug	915:928	the model drug	915:928	While cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, povidone (PVP), copovidone, and hypromellose (HPMC) were the polymers of choice.
25672820	0	36	theme	Soluble	137:143	arg1	Drug					145:148	a Poorly Soluble Drug	128:148	a Poorly Soluble Drug	128:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	7	37	theme	supersaturation	1176:1190	arg1	degree					1166:1171	The degree	1162:1171	The degree of supersaturation	1162:1190	The degree of supersaturation increased significantly with increase in polymer content within the solid dispersion.
25672820	3	38	theme	dissolution	647:657	arg1	enhancement					664:674	dissolution rate enhancement	647:674	dissolution rate enhancement	647:674	Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of dissolution rate enhancement is of vital importance.
25672820	1	39	theme	water-insoluble	193:207	arg1	molecules					209:217	water-insoluble molecules	193:217	water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials	193:243	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	1	40	theme	polymeric	225:233	arg1	materials					235:243	polymeric materials	225:243	polymeric materials	225:243	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	0	41	theme	Alternative	21:31	arg1	Approach					33:40	an Alternative Approach	18:40	an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	18:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	3	42	theme	rate	659:662	arg1	enhancement					664:674	dissolution rate enhancement	647:674	dissolution rate enhancement	647:674	Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of dissolution rate enhancement is of vital importance.
25672820	6	43	theme	time	1039:1042	arg1	profiles					1044:1051	time profiles	1039:1051	time profiles	1039:1051	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	10	44	theme	wetting	1660:1666	arg1	kinetics					1668:1675	The wetting kinetics	1656:1675	The wetting kinetics	1656:1675	The wetting kinetics was compared against the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate.
25672820	7	45	from	increase	1221:1228	arg1	content					1241:1247	polymer content	1233:1247	polymer content within the solid dispersion	1233:1275	The degree of supersaturation increased significantly with increase in polymer content within the solid dispersion.
25672820	8	46	theme	time	1379:1382	arg1	length					1369:1374	the greatest length	1356:1374	the greatest length of time	1356:1382	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	4	47	theme	alternative	750:760	arg1	approach					762:769	an alternative approach	747:769	an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	747:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	4	47	theme	alternative	750:760	arg1	kinetics					722:729	wetting kinetics	714:729	wetting kinetics	714:729	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	0	48	theme	Drug	145:148	arg1	Dispersion					114:123	Amorphous Solid Dispersion	98:123	Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	98:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	8	49	theme	crystallization	1417:1431	arg1	experiments					1433:1443	solution crystallization experiments	1408:1443	solution crystallization experiments	1408:1443	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	2	50	theme	vital	360:364	arg1	role					366:369	a vital role	358:369	a vital role	358:369	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	5	51	theme	choice	1004:1009	arg1	povidone					931:938	povidone	931:938	povidone (PVP)	931:944	While cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, povidone (PVP), copovidone, and hypromellose (HPMC) were the polymers of choice.
25672820	5	51	theme	choice	1004:1009	arg1	copovidone					947:956	copovidone	947:956	copovidone	947:956	While cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, povidone (PVP), copovidone, and hypromellose (HPMC) were the polymers of choice.
25672820	5	51	theme	choice	1004:1009	arg1	hypromellose					963:974	hypromellose	963:974	hypromellose (HPMC)	963:981	While cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, povidone (PVP), copovidone, and hypromellose (HPMC) were the polymers of choice.
25672820	5	51	theme	choice	1004:1009	arg1	polymers					992:999	the polymers	988:999	the polymers of choice	988:1009	While cilostazol (CIL) was selected as the model drug, povidone (PVP), copovidone, and hypromellose (HPMC) were the polymers of choice.
25672820	4	52	theme	wetting	714:720	arg1	approach					762:769	an alternative approach	747:769	an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug	747:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	4	52	theme	wetting	714:720	arg1	kinetics					722:729	wetting kinetics	714:729	wetting kinetics	714:729	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	4	53	theme	soluble	862:868	arg1	drug					870:873	a poorly soluble drug	853:873	a poorly soluble drug	853:873	In this work, wetting kinetics was taken up as an alternative approach for understanding the enhanced dissolution rate for amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly soluble drug.
25672820	8	54	theme	highest	1319:1325	arg1	level					1327:1331	the highest level	1315:1331	the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments	1315:1443	While povidone was found to maintain the highest level of supersaturation for the greatest length of time both in dissolution and solution crystallization experiments, copovidone and hypromellose were found to be the less effective as crystallization inhibitor.
25672820	6	55	theme	selected	1143:1150	arg1	polymers					1152:1159	the selected polymers	1139:1159	the selected polymers	1139:1159	The concentrations against time profiles were evaluated for the supersaturated solutions of CIL in the presence and absence of the selected polymers.
25672820	9	56	theme	supersaturated	1589:1602	arg1	solutions					1609:1617	supersaturated drug solutions	1589:1617	supersaturated drug solutions	1589:1617	The ability of polymers to generate and maintain supersaturated drug solutions was assessed by dissolution studies.
25672820	3	57	theme	vital	682:686	arg1	importance					688:697	vital importance	682:697	vital importance	682:697	Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of dissolution rate enhancement is of vital importance.
25672820	0	58	theme	Enhanced	68:75	arg1	Rate					89:92	the Enhanced Dissolution Rate	64:92	the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	64:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
25672820	10	59	theme	dispersion	1708:1717	arg1	composition					1719:1729	the solid dispersion composition	1698:1729	the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate	1698:1787	The wetting kinetics was compared against the solid dispersion composition to establish a correlation with enhanced dissolution rate.
25672820	3	60	theme	enhancement	664:674	arg1	mechanism					634:642	the mechanism	630:642	the mechanism of dissolution rate enhancement	630:674	Furthermore, understanding the mechanism of dissolution rate enhancement is of vital importance.
25672820	2	61	theme	amorphous	390:398	arg1	dispersion					406:415	the amorphous solid dispersion	386:415	the amorphous solid dispersion physically	386:426	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	1	62	theme	well-defined	250:261	arg1	approach					263:270	a well-defined approach	248:270	a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability	248:322	Developing amorphous solid dispersions of water-insoluble molecules using polymeric materials is a well-defined approach to improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
25672820	2	63	theme	supersaturated	527:540	arg1	solution					542:549	the supersaturated solution	523:549	the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material	523:600	While the selected polymer plays a vital role in stabilizing the amorphous solid dispersion physically, it is equally important to improve the dissolution profile by inhibiting crystallization from the supersaturated solution generated by dissolution of the amorphous material.
25672820	0	64	dep	Wetting	0:6	arg1	Approach					33:40	an Alternative Approach	18:40	an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug	18:148	Wetting Kinetics: an Alternative Approach Towards Understanding the Enhanced Dissolution Rate for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of a Poorly Soluble Drug.
24447289	0	0	theme	non-Saccharomyces	83:99	arg1	yeasts					106:111	non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts	83:111	non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts	83:111	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	8	1	theme	yeast	1540:1544	arg1	cultures					1554:1561	non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1522:1561	non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1522:1561	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	3	2	with	medium	526:531	arg1	nitrogen					611:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	2	with	medium	526:531	arg1	sugar					547:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar	538:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses)	538:570	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	2	with	medium	526:531	arg1	molasses					562:569	diluted molasses	554:569	diluted molasses	554:569	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	1	3	theme	carbon	162:167	arg1	sources					169:175	different nitrogen and carbon sources	139:175	sources	169:175	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	2	4	theme	shake-flask	502:512	arg1	cultures					514:521	shake-flask cultures	502:521	shake-flask cultures	502:521	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	5	5	theme	l⁻¹	1087:1089	arg1	concentrations					1054:1067	ethanol and biomass concentrations	1034:1067	concentrations	1054:1067	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	8	6	theme	non-Saccharomyces	1522:1538	arg1	cultures					1554:1561	non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1522:1561	non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1522:1561	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	6	7	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1106:1117	arg1	studies					1150:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies	1106:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies	1106:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	1	8	theme	sources	169:175	arg1	impact					129:134	UNLABELLED The impact	114:134	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	114:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	4	9	theme	aerobic	847:853	arg1	cultures					866:873	aerobic bioreactor cultures	847:873	aerobic bioreactor cultures	847:873	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	8	10	theme	yeast	1439:1443	arg1	cultivation					1445:1455	yeast cultivation	1439:1455	yeast cultivation	1439:1455	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	2	11	theme	corn	386:389	arg1	extract					374:380	yeast extract	368:380	yeast extract	368:380	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	11	theme	corn	386:389	arg1	sulphate					424:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	11	theme	corn	386:389	arg1	liquor					397:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	11	theme	corn	386:389	arg1	sources					477:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	11	theme	corn	386:389	arg1	medium					360:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	8	12	theme	cultivation	1445:1455	arg1	methods					1428:1434	methods	1428:1434	methods	1428:1434	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	8	12	theme	cultivation	1445:1455	arg1	media					1418:1422	industrial media	1407:1422	industrial media	1407:1422	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	4	13	theme	I.	764:765	arg1	cultures					733:740	cultures	733:740	cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis	733:776	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	6	14	theme	Recent	1143:1148	arg1	studies					1150:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies	1106:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies	1106:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	0	15	theme	wine	101:104	arg1	yeasts					106:111	non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts	83:111	non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts	83:111	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	8	16	theme	wine	1571:1574	arg1	industry					1576:1583	the wine industry	1567:1583	the wine industry	1567:1583	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	3	17	theme	diluted	554:560	arg1	sugar					547:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar	538:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses)	538:570	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	17	theme	diluted	554:560	arg1	molasses					562:569	diluted molasses	554:569	diluted molasses	554:569	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	2	18	theme	steep	391:395	arg1	extract					374:380	yeast extract	368:380	yeast extract	368:380	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	18	theme	steep	391:395	arg1	sulphate					424:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	18	theme	steep	391:395	arg1	liquor					397:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	18	theme	steep	391:395	arg1	sources					477:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	18	theme	steep	391:395	arg1	medium					360:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	3	19	theme	500	576:578	arg1	mg					580:581	mg	580:581	mg	580:581	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	5	20	theme	ethanol	891:897	arg1	production					899:908	ethanol production	891:908	ethanol production	891:908	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	4	21	theme	g⁻¹	826:828	arg1	yields					802:807	respective biomass yields	783:807	respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹	783:828	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	3	22	theme	l⁻¹	543:545	arg1	sugar					547:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar	538:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses)	538:570	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	22	theme	l⁻¹	543:545	arg1	molasses					562:569	diluted molasses	554:569	diluted molasses	554:569	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	8	23	theme	industrial	1407:1416	arg1	media					1418:1422	industrial media	1407:1422	industrial media	1407:1422	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	4	24	theme	g	824:824	arg1	g⁻¹					826:828	0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹	812:828	0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹	812:828	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	4	25	theme	Invertase	693:701	arg1	pretreatment					703:714	Invertase pretreatment	693:714	Invertase pretreatment	693:714	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	8	26	theme	biomass	1500:1506	arg1	production					1508:1517	biomass production	1500:1517	biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1500:1561	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	1	27	theme	biomass	180:186	arg1	production					188:197	biomass production	180:197	biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	180:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	2	28	theme	nitrogen	468:475	arg1	extract					374:380	yeast extract	368:380	yeast extract	368:380	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	28	theme	nitrogen	468:475	arg1	sulphate					424:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	28	theme	nitrogen	468:475	arg1	liquor					397:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	28	theme	nitrogen	468:475	arg1	sources					477:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	28	theme	nitrogen	468:475	arg1	medium					360:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	7	29	theme	optimal	1270:1276	arg1	conditions					1286:1295	optimal process conditions	1270:1295	optimal process conditions for their biomass production	1270:1324	However, optimal process conditions for their biomass production have not been described, thereby limiting commercial application.
24447289	6	30	theme	wine	1255:1258	arg1	composition					1240:1250	the final composition	1230:1250	the final composition of wine	1230:1258	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	6	31	theme	STUDY	1137:1141	arg1	SIGNIFICANCE					1106:1117	SIGNIFICANCE	1106:1117	SIGNIFICANCE	1106:1117	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	6	31	theme	STUDY	1137:1141	arg1	IMPACT					1123:1128	IMPACT	1123:1128	IMPACT OF THE STUDY	1123:1141	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	2	32	theme	molasses-based	345:358	arg1	extract					374:380	yeast extract	368:380	yeast extract	368:380	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	32	theme	molasses-based	345:358	arg1	sulphate					424:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	32	theme	molasses-based	345:358	arg1	liquor					397:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	32	theme	molasses-based	345:358	arg1	sources					477:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	32	theme	molasses-based	345:358	arg1	medium					360:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	5	33	theme	g	1085:1085	arg1	l⁻¹					1087:1089	5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹	1072:1089	5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹	1072:1089	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	7	34	theme	commercial	1368:1377	arg1	application					1379:1389	commercial application	1368:1389	commercial application	1368:1389	However, optimal process conditions for their biomass production have not been described, thereby limiting commercial application.
24447289	1	35	from	impact	129:134	arg1	production					188:197	biomass production	180:197	biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	180:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	4	36	theme	pulcherrima	748:758	arg1	cultures					733:740	cultures	733:740	cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis	733:776	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	5	37	theme	biomass	1046:1052	arg1	concentrations					1054:1067	ethanol and biomass concentrations	1034:1067	concentrations	1054:1067	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	0	38	theme	carbon	16:21	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.	0:112	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	6	39	theme	positive	1207:1214	arg1	attributes					1216:1225	positive attributes	1207:1225	positive attributes to the final composition of wine	1207:1258	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	5	40	theme	Crabtree-positive	973:989	arg1	behaviour					991:999	Crabtree-positive behaviour	973:999	Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans	973:1020	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	1	41	dep	thermotolerans	253:266	arg1	orientalis					312:321	orientalis	312:321	orientalis	312:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	42	theme	UNLABELLED	114:123	arg1	impact					129:134	UNLABELLED The impact	114:134	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	114:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	43	theme	non-Saccharomyces	206:222	arg1	thermotolerans					253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	43	theme	non-Saccharomyces	206:222	arg1	pulcherrima					283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	43	theme	non-Saccharomyces	206:222	arg1	species					235:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species	202:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	202:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	43	theme	non-Saccharomyces	206:222	arg1	Issatchenkia					299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	0	44	theme	medium	36:41	arg1	components					43:52	medium components	36:52	medium components	36:52	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	5	45	theme	production	899:908	arg1	absence					880:886	The absence	876:886	The absence of ethanol production	876:908	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	2	46	theme	di-ammonium	437:447	arg1	phosphate					449:457	di-ammonium phosphate	437:457	di-ammonium phosphate	437:457	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	3	47	theme	total	587:591	arg1	nitrogen					611:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	1	48	theme	wine	224:227	arg1	thermotolerans					253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	48	theme	wine	224:227	arg1	pulcherrima					283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	48	theme	wine	224:227	arg1	species					235:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species	202:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	202:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	48	theme	wine	224:227	arg1	Issatchenkia					299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	0	49	theme	nitrogen	27:34	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.	0:112	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	1	50	dep	species	235:241	arg1	thermotolerans					253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	50	dep	species	235:241	arg1	pulcherrima					283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	50	dep	species	235:241	arg1	species					235:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species	202:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	202:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	50	dep	species	235:241	arg1	Issatchenkia					299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	3	51	theme	yeast	593:597	arg1	nitrogen					611:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	1	52	theme	yeast	229:233	arg1	thermotolerans					253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	thermotolerans	253:266	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	52	theme	yeast	229:233	arg1	pulcherrima					283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	pulcherrima	283:293	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	52	theme	yeast	229:233	arg1	species					235:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species	202:241	the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	202:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	1	52	theme	yeast	229:233	arg1	Issatchenkia					299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	Issatchenkia	299:310	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	3	53	theme	mg	580:581	arg1	nitrogen					611:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	4	54	dep	pulcherrima	748:758	arg1	orientalis					767:776	orientalis	767:776	orientalis	767:776	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	8	55	theme	cultures	1554:1561	arg1	production					1508:1517	biomass production	1500:1517	biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1500:1561	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	3	56	theme	biomass	658:664	arg1	concentrations					666:679	the highest biomass concentrations	646:679	the highest biomass concentrations	646:679	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	57	theme	l⁻¹	583:585	arg1	nitrogen					611:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	58	theme	yeast	626:630	arg1	extract					632:638	yeast extract	626:638	yeast extract	626:638	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	7	59	theme	process	1278:1284	arg1	conditions					1286:1295	optimal process conditions	1270:1295	optimal process conditions for their biomass production	1270:1324	However, optimal process conditions for their biomass production have not been described, thereby limiting commercial application.
24447289	6	60	theme	final	1234:1238	arg1	composition					1240:1250	the final composition	1230:1250	the final composition of wine	1230:1258	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	4	61	theme	respective	783:792	arg1	yields					802:807	respective biomass yields	783:807	respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹	783:828	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	5	62	theme	ethanol	1034:1040	arg1	concentrations					1054:1067	ethanol and biomass concentrations	1034:1067	concentrations	1054:1067	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	2	63	theme	yeast	368:372	arg1	extract					374:380	yeast extract	368:380	yeast extract	368:380	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	63	theme	yeast	368:372	arg1	sulphate					424:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	63	theme	yeast	368:372	arg1	liquor					397:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	63	theme	yeast	368:372	arg1	sources					477:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	63	theme	yeast	368:372	arg1	medium					360:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	6	64	theme	IMPACT	1123:1128	arg1	studies					1150:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies	1106:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies	1106:1156	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	1	65	theme	species	235:241	arg1	production					188:197	biomass production	180:197	biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	180:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	6	66	theme	non-Saccharomyces	1175:1191	arg1	yeasts					1193:1198	non-Saccharomyces yeasts	1175:1198	non-Saccharomyces yeasts	1175:1198	SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Recent studies demonstrate that non-Saccharomyces yeasts confer positive attributes to the final composition of wine.
24447289	7	67	theme	biomass	1307:1313	arg1	production					1315:1324	their biomass production	1301:1324	their biomass production	1301:1324	However, optimal process conditions for their biomass production have not been described, thereby limiting commercial application.
24447289	0	68	dep	carbon	16:21	arg1	components					43:52	medium components	36:52	medium components	36:52	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	1	69	theme	different	139:147	arg1	nitrogen					149:156	different nitrogen and carbon sources	139:175	nitrogen	149:156	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	4	70	theme	bioreactor	855:864	arg1	cultures					866:873	aerobic bioreactor cultures	847:873	aerobic bioreactor cultures	847:873	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	5	71	theme	Crabtree-negative	920:936	arg1	behaviour					938:946	Crabtree-negative behaviour	920:946	Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts	920:962	The absence of ethanol production suggested Crabtree-negative behaviour by these yeasts, whereas Crabtree-positive behaviour by L. thermotolerans resulted in ethanol and biomass concentrations of 5.5 and 11.1 g l⁻¹, respectively.
24447289	3	72	theme	highest	650:656	arg1	concentrations					666:679	the highest biomass concentrations	646:679	the highest biomass concentrations	646:679	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	73	theme	assimilable	599:609	arg1	nitrogen					611:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen	576:618	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	1	74	theme	nitrogen	149:156	arg1	impact					129:134	UNLABELLED The impact	114:134	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis	114:321	UNLABELLED The impact of different nitrogen and carbon sources on biomass production of the non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Issatchenkia orientalis was assessed.
24447289	2	75	theme	ammonium	415:422	arg1	DAP					460:462	DAP	460:462	DAP	460:462	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	75	theme	ammonium	415:422	arg1	sulphate					424:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	ammonium sulphate	415:431	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	75	theme	ammonium	415:422	arg1	medium					360:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	a molasses-based medium	343:365	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	75	theme	ammonium	415:422	arg1	liquor					397:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	corn steep liquor	386:402	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	75	theme	ammonium	415:422	arg1	sources					477:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	nitrogen sources	468:483	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	2	75	theme	ammonium	415:422	arg1	extract					374:380	yeast extract	368:380	yeast extract	368:380	Using a molasses-based medium, yeast extract and corn steep liquor as well as ammonium sulphate and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) as nitrogen sources were compared in shake-flask cultures.
24447289	0	76	theme	biomass	58:64	arg1	production					66:75	biomass production	58:75	biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts	58:111	Optimization of carbon and nitrogen medium components for biomass production using non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts.
24447289	8	77	theme	starter	1546:1552	arg1	cultures					1554:1561	non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1522:1561	non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures	1522:1561	In this study, industrial media and methods of yeast cultivation were investigated to develop protocols for biomass production of non-Saccharomyces yeast starter cultures for the wine industry.
24447289	4	78	theme	biomass	794:800	arg1	yields					802:807	respective biomass yields	783:807	respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹	783:828	Invertase pretreatment was required for cultures of M. pulcherrima and I. orientalis, and respective biomass yields of 0.7 and 0.8 g g⁻¹ were achieved in aerobic bioreactor cultures.
24447289	3	79	theme	g	541:541	arg1	sugar					547:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar	538:551	20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses)	538:570	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	79	theme	g	541:541	arg1	molasses					562:569	diluted molasses	554:569	diluted molasses	554:569	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
24447289	3	80	from	extract	632:638	arg1	medium					526:531	A medium	524:531	A medium	524:531	A medium with 20 g l⁻¹ sugar (diluted molasses) and 500 mg l⁻¹ total yeast assimilable nitrogen, from yeast extract, gave the highest biomass concentrations and yields.
27900876	0	0	theme	probiotic	77:85	arg1	R0011					111:115	probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	77:115	probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	77:115	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	4	1	contain	had	693:695	arg2	survival					707:714	only 2.5% survival	697:714	only 2.5% survival to air-drying	697:728	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	4	1	contain	had	693:695	arg1	cells					651:655	The cells	647:655	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2	647:691	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	9	2	contain	having	1457:1462	arg2	CFU·g-1					1475:1481	2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1464:1481	2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1464:1481	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1 were obtained.
27900876	9	2	contain	having	1457:1462	arg1	cultures					1448:1455	Dried microencapsulated cultures	1424:1455	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1424:1481	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1 were obtained.
27900876	5	3	theme	production	857:866	arg1	step					868:871	the biomass production step	845:871	the biomass production step	845:871	Allowing the pH to drop to 4.2 during the biomass production step and using a protective medium composed of glycerol, maltodextrin, yeast extract, and ascorbate increased survival to 20%.
27900876	9	4	theme	microencapsulated	1430:1446	arg1	cultures					1448:1455	Dried microencapsulated cultures	1424:1455	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1424:1481	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1 were obtained.
27900876	4	5	theme	6.2	689:691	arg1	pH					683:684	a constant pH	672:684	a constant pH of 6.2	672:691	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	1	6	theme	Lactobacillus	258:270	arg1	R0011					282:286	Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	258:286	Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	258:286	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	0	7	theme	rhamnosus	101:109	arg1	R0011					111:115	probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	77:115	probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	77:115	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	0	8	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	viability					64:72	the viability	60:72	the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads	60:143	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	6	9	from	ingredients	1002:1012	arg1	beginning					1046:1054	the beginning	1042:1054	the beginning of drying	1042:1064	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	1	10	theme	rhamnosus	272:280	arg1	R0011					282:286	Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	258:286	Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	258:286	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	0	11	theme	Lactobacillus	87:99	arg1	R0011					111:115	probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	77:115	probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	77:115	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	6	12	theme	water	1089:1093	arg1	activity					1095:1102	a water activity	1087:1102	a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98	1087:1127	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	3	13	from	effects	505:511	arg1	survival					605:612	subsequent survival	594:612	subsequent survival during air-drying	594:630	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	9	14	theme	×	1468:1468	arg1	CFU·g-1					1475:1481	2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1464:1481	2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1464:1481	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1 were obtained.
27900876	1	15	theme	R0011	282:286	arg1	cultures					246:253	air-dried concentrated cultures	223:253	air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	223:286	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	7	16	theme	traditional	1218:1228	arg1	process					1244:1250	a traditional freeze-drying process	1216:1250	a traditional freeze-drying process	1216:1250	This rate was similar to that of a traditional freeze-drying process.
27900876	3	17	theme	fermentation	516:527	arg1	technology					529:538	fermentation technology	516:538	fermentation technology	516:538	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	7	18	theme	freeze-drying	1230:1242	arg1	process					1244:1250	a traditional freeze-drying process	1216:1250	a traditional freeze-drying process	1216:1250	This rate was similar to that of a traditional freeze-drying process.
27900876	1	19	theme	study	163:167	arg1	goal					150:153	The goal	146:153	The goal of this study	146:167	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	0	20	theme	R0011	111:115	arg1	viability					64:72	the viability	60:72	the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads	60:143	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	2	21	theme	protective	464:473	arg1	solutions					475:483	protective solutions	464:483	protective solutions	464:483	The cultures were microencapsulated in alginate beads, which were added to a growth medium to allow cell multiplication inside the matrix; the beads were recovered, dipped in protective solutions, and air-dried.
27900876	3	22	theme	technology	529:538	arg1	effects					505:511	The effects	501:511	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying	501:630	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	6	23	theme	medium	1032:1037	arg1	ingredients					1002:1012	the ingredients	998:1012	the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying	998:1064	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	2	24	theme	cell	389:392	arg1	multiplication					394:407	cell multiplication	389:407	cell multiplication inside the matrix	389:425	The cultures were microencapsulated in alginate beads, which were added to a growth medium to allow cell multiplication inside the matrix; the beads were recovered, dipped in protective solutions, and air-dried.
27900876	4	25	dep	survival	707:714	arg1	%					705:705	%	705:705	%	705:705	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	4	26	theme	constant	674:681	arg1	pH					683:684	a constant pH	672:684	a constant pH of 6.2	672:691	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	2	27	theme	alginate	328:335	arg1	beads					337:341	alginate beads	328:341	alginate beads	328:341	The cultures were microencapsulated in alginate beads, which were added to a growth medium to allow cell multiplication inside the matrix; the beads were recovered, dipped in protective solutions, and air-dried.
27900876	5	28	theme	yeast	939:943	arg1	extract					945:951	yeast extract	939:951	yeast extract	939:951	Allowing the pH to drop to 4.2 during the biomass production step and using a protective medium composed of glycerol, maltodextrin, yeast extract, and ascorbate increased survival to 20%.
27900876	0	29	theme	methods	22:28	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.	0:144	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	0	30	theme	alginate	130:137	arg1	beads					139:143	air-dried alginate beads	120:143	air-dried alginate beads	120:143	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	5	31	theme	protective	885:894	arg1	medium					896:901	a protective medium	883:901	a protective medium composed of glycerol, maltodextrin, yeast extract, and ascorbate increased survival to 20%	883:992	Allowing the pH to drop to 4.2 during the biomass production step and using a protective medium composed of glycerol, maltodextrin, yeast extract, and ascorbate increased survival to 20%.
27900876	8	32	theme	acid	1303:1306	arg1	combination					1288:1298	a combination	1286:1298	a combination of acid and osmotic stresses	1286:1327	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	0	33	theme	production	11:20	arg1	methods					22:28	production methods	11:28	production methods	11:28	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	0	34	theme	air-dried	120:128	arg1	beads					139:143	air-dried alginate beads	120:143	air-dried alginate beads	120:143	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	3	35	theme	composition	551:561	arg1	effects					505:511	The effects	501:511	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying	501:630	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	9	36	theme	1011	1470:1473	arg1	CFU·g-1					1475:1481	2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1464:1481	2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1464:1481	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1 were obtained.
27900876	1	37	theme	microencapsulation	182:199	arg1	technology					201:210	a microencapsulation technology	180:210	a microencapsulation technology	180:210	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	0	38	theme	protective	34:43	arg1	ingredients					45:55	protective ingredients	34:55	protective ingredients	34:55	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	8	39	theme	osmotic	1312:1318	arg1	stresses					1320:1327	osmotic stresses	1312:1327	osmotic stresses	1312:1327	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	6	40	theme	protective	1021:1030	arg1	medium					1032:1037	the protective medium	1017:1037	the protective medium at the beginning of drying	1017:1064	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	0	41	from	viability	64:72	arg1	beads					139:143	air-dried alginate beads	120:143	air-dried alginate beads	120:143	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	3	42	theme	subsequent	594:603	arg1	survival					605:612	subsequent survival	594:612	subsequent survival during air-drying	594:630	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	8	43	theme	subsequent	1372:1381	arg1	stability					1383:1391	their subsequent stability	1366:1391	their subsequent stability	1366:1391	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	3	44	theme	protective	570:579	arg1	solutions					581:589	the protective solutions	566:589	the protective solutions	566:589	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	0	45	theme	ingredients	45:55	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.	0:144	Effects of production methods and protective ingredients on the viability of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 in air-dried alginate beads.
27900876	3	46	theme	solutions	581:589	arg1	composition					551:561	the composition	547:561	the composition of the protective solutions	547:589	The effects of fermentation technology and of the composition of the protective solutions on subsequent survival during air-drying were examined.
27900876	9	47	theme	Dried	1424:1428	arg1	cultures					1448:1455	Dried microencapsulated cultures	1424:1455	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1	1424:1481	Dried microencapsulated cultures having 2.6 × 1011 CFU·g-1 were obtained.
27900876	8	48	theme	R0011	1345:1349	arg1	cells					1351:1355	L. rhamnosus R0011 cells	1332:1355	L. rhamnosus R0011 cells	1332:1355	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	8	49	theme	rhamnosus	1335:1343	arg1	cells					1351:1355	L. rhamnosus R0011 cells	1332:1355	L. rhamnosus R0011 cells	1332:1355	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	6	50	theme	drying	1059:1064	arg1	beginning					1046:1054	the beginning	1042:1054	the beginning of drying	1042:1064	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	4	51	theme	protective	748:757	arg1	solution					759:766	the protective solution	744:766	the protective solution	744:766	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	8	52	theme	L.	1332:1333	arg1	cells					1351:1355	L. rhamnosus R0011 cells	1332:1355	L. rhamnosus R0011 cells	1332:1355	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	5	53	theme	biomass	849:855	arg1	step					868:871	the biomass production step	845:871	the biomass production step	845:871	Allowing the pH to drop to 4.2 during the biomass production step and using a protective medium composed of glycerol, maltodextrin, yeast extract, and ascorbate increased survival to 20%.
27900876	4	54	dep	%	705:705	arg1	2.5					702:704	2.5	702:704	2.5	702:704	The cells prepared under a constant pH of 6.2 had only 2.5% survival to air-drying at 25 °C when the protective solution was composed of sucrose and phosphate.
27900876	1	55	theme	air-dried	223:231	arg1	cultures					246:253	air-dried concentrated cultures	223:253	air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	223:286	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	8	56	theme	air-drying	1404:1413	arg1	process					1415:1421	the air-drying process	1400:1421	the air-drying process	1400:1421	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	8	57	theme	stresses	1320:1327	arg1	combination					1288:1298	a combination	1286:1298	a combination of acid and osmotic stresses	1286:1327	These data suggest that applying a combination of acid and osmotic stresses to L. rhamnosus R0011 cells improves their subsequent stability during the air-drying process.
27900876	6	58	theme	0.96	1107:1110	arg1	activity					1095:1102	a water activity	1087:1102	a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98	1087:1127	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	1	59	theme	concentrated	233:244	arg1	cultures					246:253	air-dried concentrated cultures	223:253	air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	223:286	The goal of this study was to use a microencapsulation technology to prepare air-dried concentrated cultures of Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011.
27900876	6	60	theme	0.98	1124:1127	arg1	activity					1095:1102	a water activity	1087:1102	a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98	1087:1127	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	6	61	from	beginning	1046:1054	arg1	medium					1032:1037	the protective medium	1017:1037	the protective medium at the beginning of drying	1017:1064	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	6	61	from	beginning	1046:1054	arg1	ingredients					1002:1012	the ingredients	998:1012	the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying	998:1064	If the ingredients of the protective medium at the beginning of drying were concentrated at a water activity of 0.96 rather than 0.98, survival during air-drying increased further to 56%.
27900876	2	62	theme	growth	366:371	arg1	medium					373:378	a growth medium	364:378	a growth medium	364:378	The cultures were microencapsulated in alginate beads, which were added to a growth medium to allow cell multiplication inside the matrix; the beads were recovered, dipped in protective solutions, and air-dried.
27671876	0	0	theme	hematopoietic	81:93	arg1	cells					95:99	hematopoietic cells	81:99	hematopoietic cells	81:99	ECM-based macroporous sponges release essential factors to support the growth of hematopoietic cells.
27671876	8	1	theme	different	1074:1082	arg1	factors					1104:1110	three different hematopoietic niche factors	1068:1110	three different hematopoietic niche factors	1068:1110	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	1	2	theme	transplantation	149:163	arg1	success					106:112	The success	102:112	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation	102:163	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	3	3	theme	natural	314:320	arg1	environment					322:332	The natural environment	310:332	The natural environment in the niche	310:345	The natural environment in the niche is composed of structural proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and soluble factors that control cells fate.
27671876	9	4	theme	scaffolds	1151:1159	arg1	ability					1126:1132	the ability	1122:1132	the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF)	1122:1252	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	6	5	dep	scaffolds	716:724	arg1	porosity					738:745	porosity	738:745	porosity	738:745	The scaffolds' structure, porosity and stability were characterized and optimized.
27671876	6	5	dep	scaffolds	716:724	arg1	structure					727:735	structure	727:735	structure	727:735	The scaffolds' structure, porosity and stability were characterized and optimized.
27671876	6	5	dep	scaffolds	716:724	arg1	scaffolds					716:724	The scaffolds	712:724	The scaffolds' structure, porosity and stability	712:759	The scaffolds' structure, porosity and stability were characterized and optimized.
27671876	6	5	dep	scaffolds	716:724	arg1	stability					751:759	stability	751:759	stability	751:759	The scaffolds' structure, porosity and stability were characterized and optimized.
27671876	0	6	theme	cells	95:99	arg1	growth					71:76	the growth	67:76	the growth of hematopoietic cells	67:99	ECM-based macroporous sponges release essential factors to support the growth of hematopoietic cells.
27671876	8	7	theme	factors	959:965	arg1	interaction					967:977	growth factors interaction	952:977	growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs	952:1000	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	7	8	theme	content	823:829	arg1	Analysis					795:802	Analysis	795:802	Analysis of the biochemical content	795:829	Analysis of the biochemical content revealed that they were composed of collagens and GAGs, including sulfated GAGs.
27671876	2	9	theme	3D	287:288	arg1	bone					304:307	the 3D porous spongy bone	283:307	the 3D porous spongy bone	283:307	In vivo, HSCs reside within a specialized niche inside the 3D porous spongy bone.
27671876	5	10	theme	cell	698:701	arg1	culture					703:709	hematopoietic cell culture	684:709	hematopoietic cell culture	684:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	4	11	theme	HSCs	587:590	arg1	fate					592:595	HSCs fate	587:595	HSCs fate	587:595	However, the designed scaffolds for in vitro culture do not fairly recapitulate this microenvironment and cannot efficiently control HSCs fate.
27671876	8	12	dep	capacity	1036:1043	arg1	the					1019:1021	the	1019:1021	the	1019:1021	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	8	13	with	interaction	967:977	arg1	GAGs					997:1000	the sulfated GAGs	984:1000	the sulfated GAGs	984:1000	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	7	14	theme	sulfated	897:904	arg1	GAGs					906:909	sulfated GAGs	897:909	sulfated GAGs	897:909	Analysis of the biochemical content revealed that they were composed of collagens and GAGs, including sulfated GAGs.
27671876	0	15	theme	macroporous	10:20	arg1	sponges					22:28	ECM-based macroporous sponges	0:28	ECM-based macroporous sponges	0:28	ECM-based macroporous sponges release essential factors to support the growth of hematopoietic cells.
27671876	8	16	theme	loading	1028:1034	arg1	capacity					1036:1043	high loading capacity	1023:1043	high loading capacity	1023:1043	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	7	17	theme	biochemical	811:821	arg1	content					823:829	the biochemical content	807:829	the biochemical content	807:829	Analysis of the biochemical content revealed that they were composed of collagens and GAGs, including sulfated GAGs.
27671876	0	18	theme	ECM-based	0:8	arg1	sponges					22:28	ECM-based macroporous sponges	0:28	ECM-based macroporous sponges	0:28	ECM-based macroporous sponges release essential factors to support the growth of hematopoietic cells.
27671876	8	19	theme	high	1023:1026	arg1	capacity					1036:1043	high loading capacity	1023:1043	high loading capacity	1023:1043	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	8	20	theme	sulfated	988:995	arg1	GAGs					997:1000	the sulfated GAGs	984:1000	the sulfated GAGs	984:1000	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	5	21	theme	ECM-based	647:655	arg1	sponges					672:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges	635:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture	635:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	8	22	theme	growth	952:957	arg1	factors					959:965	growth factors	952:965	growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs	952:1000	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	3	23	theme	soluble	413:419	arg1	factors					421:427	soluble factors	413:427	soluble factors	413:427	The natural environment in the niche is composed of structural proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and soluble factors that control cells fate.
27671876	5	24	theme	3D	657:658	arg1	sponges					672:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges	635:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture	635:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	2	25	theme	specialized	258:268	arg1	niche					270:274	a specialized niche	256:274	a specialized niche inside the 3D porous spongy bone	256:307	In vivo, HSCs reside within a specialized niche inside the 3D porous spongy bone.
27671876	1	26	theme	low	187:189	arg1	number					191:196	the low number	183:196	the low number of HSCs received from donors	183:225	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	3	27	theme	structural	362:371	arg1	proteins					373:380	structural proteins	362:380	structural proteins	362:380	The natural environment in the niche is composed of structural proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and soluble factors that control cells fate.
27671876	2	28	theme	spongy	297:302	arg1	bone					304:307	the 3D porous spongy bone	283:307	the 3D porous spongy bone	283:307	In vivo, HSCs reside within a specialized niche inside the 3D porous spongy bone.
27671876	5	29	theme	macroporous	660:670	arg1	sponges					672:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges	635:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture	635:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	9	30	theme	hematopoietic	1198:1210	arg1	cells					1212:1216	hematopoietic cells	1198:1216	hematopoietic cells	1198:1216	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	0	31	theme	essential	38:46	arg1	factors					48:54	essential factors	38:54	essential factors	38:54	ECM-based macroporous sponges release essential factors to support the growth of hematopoietic cells.
27671876	5	32	theme	sponges	672:678	arg1	development					620:630	the development	616:630	the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture	616:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	9	33	theme	cells	1212:1216	arg1	growth					1188:1193	the growth	1184:1193	the growth of hematopoietic cells	1184:1216	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	4	34	theme	designed	467:474	arg1	scaffolds					476:484	the designed scaffolds	463:484	the designed scaffolds for in vitro culture	463:505	However, the designed scaffolds for in vitro culture do not fairly recapitulate this microenvironment and cannot efficiently control HSCs fate.
27671876	3	35	from	environment	322:332	arg1	niche					341:345	the niche	337:345	the niche	337:345	The natural environment in the niche is composed of structural proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and soluble factors that control cells fate.
27671876	8	36	theme	hematopoietic	1084:1096	arg1	factors					1104:1110	three different hematopoietic niche factors	1068:1110	three different hematopoietic niche factors	1068:1110	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	3	37	theme	cells	442:446	arg1	fate					448:451	cells fate	442:451	cells fate	442:451	The natural environment in the niche is composed of structural proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and soluble factors that control cells fate.
27671876	8	38	theme	release	1049:1055	arg1	profile					1057:1063	release profile	1049:1063	release profile	1049:1063	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	4	39	theme	in	490:491	arg1	culture					499:505	in vitro culture	490:505	in vitro culture	490:505	However, the designed scaffolds for in vitro culture do not fairly recapitulate this microenvironment and cannot efficiently control HSCs fate.
27671876	1	40	theme	hematopoietic	117:129	arg1	HSCs					143:146	HSCs	143:146	HSCs	143:146	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	1	40	theme	hematopoietic	117:129	arg1	cells					136:140	hematopoietic stem cells	117:140	hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation	117:163	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	5	41	theme	new	635:637	arg1	sponges					672:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges	635:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture	635:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	9	42	theme	stem	1231:1234	arg1	SCF					1249:1251	SCF	1249:1251	SCF	1249:1251	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	9	42	theme	stem	1231:1234	arg1	factor					1241:1246	stem cell factor	1231:1246	stem cell factor (SCF)	1231:1252	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	9	43	theme	ECM-based	1141:1149	arg1	scaffolds					1151:1159	the ECM-based scaffolds	1137:1159	the ECM-based scaffolds	1137:1159	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	1	44	theme	stem	131:134	arg1	HSCs					143:146	HSCs	143:146	HSCs	143:146	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	1	44	theme	stem	131:134	arg1	cells					136:140	hematopoietic stem cells	117:140	hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation	117:163	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	1	45	theme	HSCs	201:204	arg1	number					191:196	the low number	183:196	the low number of HSCs received from donors	183:225	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	5	46	theme	omental	639:645	arg1	sponges					672:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges	635:678	new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture	635:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27671876	9	47	theme	cell	1236:1239	arg1	SCF					1249:1251	SCF	1249:1251	SCF	1249:1251	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	9	47	theme	cell	1236:1239	arg1	factor					1241:1246	stem cell factor	1231:1246	stem cell factor (SCF)	1231:1252	Finally, the ability of the ECM-based scaffolds to efficiently support the growth of hematopoietic cells by releasing stem cell factor (SCF) was demonstrated.
27671876	1	48	theme	cells	136:140	arg1	transplantation					149:163	hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation	117:163	hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation	117:163	The success of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transplantation is limited due to the low number of HSCs received from donors.
27671876	2	49	theme	porous	290:295	arg1	bone					304:307	the 3D porous spongy bone	283:307	the 3D porous spongy bone	283:307	In vivo, HSCs reside within a specialized niche inside the 3D porous spongy bone.
27671876	8	50	theme	factors	1104:1110	arg1	capacity					1036:1043	high loading capacity	1023:1043	high loading capacity	1023:1043	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	8	50	theme	factors	1104:1110	arg1	profile					1057:1063	release profile	1049:1063	release profile	1049:1063	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	8	51	theme	niche	1098:1102	arg1	factors					1104:1110	three different hematopoietic niche factors	1068:1110	three different hematopoietic niche factors	1068:1110	This morphology and composition enabled growth factors interaction with the sulfated GAGs, as indicated by the high loading capacity and release profile of three different hematopoietic niche factors.
27671876	4	52	dep	in	490:491	arg1	vitro					493:497	vitro	493:497	vitro	493:497	However, the designed scaffolds for in vitro culture do not fairly recapitulate this microenvironment and cannot efficiently control HSCs fate.
27671876	5	53	theme	hematopoietic	684:696	arg1	culture					703:709	hematopoietic cell culture	684:709	hematopoietic cell culture	684:709	Here we report on the development of new omental ECM-based 3D macroporous sponges for hematopoietic cell culture.
27261725	0	0	theme	bacterial	90:98	arg1	films					110:114	bacterial cellulose films	90:114	bacterial cellulose films	90:114	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	5	1	theme	BC	609:610	arg1	nanofibers					612:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	6	2	theme	vapor	688:692	arg1	permeability					694:705	water vapor permeability	682:705	water vapor permeability	682:705	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	1	3	theme	multilayer	156:165	arg1	films					167:171	Bacterial cellulose (BC) monolayer and multilayer films	117:171	films	167:171	Bacterial cellulose (BC) monolayer and multilayer films, incorporating 5wt.
27261725	3	4	theme	ZnO-BC	293:298	arg1	preparation					315:325	ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation	293:325	ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation	293:325	Ultrasound (US) irradiation (40kHz) was applied during ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation.
27261725	2	5	theme	ZnO	194:196	arg1	NPs					213:215	NPs	213:215	NPs	213:215	% ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been obtained.
27261725	2	5	theme	ZnO	194:196	arg1	nanoparticles					198:210	% ZnO nanoparticles	192:210	% ZnO nanoparticles (NPs)	192:216	% ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been obtained.
27261725	4	6	theme	ZnO	373:375	arg1	NPs					377:379	ZnO NPs	373:379	ZnO NPs	373:379	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that ZnO NPs were crystallized in their pure phase.
27261725	9	7	theme	ZnO	929:931	arg1	release					933:939	The ZnO release	925:939	The ZnO release	925:939	The ZnO release was influenced by films composition; the multilayer and US treated films being promising in order to achieve controlled release of ZnO.
27261725	5	8	theme	nanostructure	557:569	arg1	nanofibers					612:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	9	9	theme	treated	1000:1006	arg1	films					1008:1012	US treated films	997:1012	US treated films	997:1012	The ZnO release was influenced by films composition; the multilayer and US treated films being promising in order to achieve controlled release of ZnO.
27261725	0	10	theme	cellulose	100:108	arg1	films					110:114	bacterial cellulose films	90:114	bacterial cellulose films	90:114	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	6	11	theme	BC	734:735	arg1	films					737:741	BC films	734:741	BC films	734:741	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	9	12	dep	treated	1000:1006	arg1	US					997:998	US	997:998	US	997:998	The ZnO release was influenced by films composition; the multilayer and US treated films being promising in order to achieve controlled release of ZnO.
27261725	6	13	theme	water	682:686	arg1	permeability					694:705	water vapor permeability	682:705	water vapor permeability	682:705	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	9	14	theme	controlled	1050:1059	arg1	release					1061:1067	controlled release	1050:1067	controlled release of ZnO	1050:1074	The ZnO release was influenced by films composition; the multilayer and US treated films being promising in order to achieve controlled release of ZnO.
27261725	3	15	theme	Ultrasound	238:247	arg1	irradiation					254:264	Ultrasound (US) irradiation	238:264	Ultrasound (US) irradiation (40kHz)	238:272	Ultrasound (US) irradiation (40kHz) was applied during ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation.
27261725	3	15	theme	Ultrasound	238:247	arg1	40kHz					267:271	40kHz	267:271	40kHz	267:271	Ultrasound (US) irradiation (40kHz) was applied during ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation.
27261725	8	16	theme	antibacterial	849:861	arg1	activity					863:870	The antibacterial activity	845:870	The antibacterial activity	845:870	The antibacterial activity was enhanced with the utilization of US irradiation.
27261725	5	17	theme	ZnO	594:596	arg1	NPs					598:600	evenly distributed ZnO NPs	575:600	evenly distributed ZnO NPs	575:600	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	9	18	theme	films	959:963	arg1	composition					965:975	films composition	959:975	films composition	959:975	The ZnO release was influenced by films composition; the multilayer and US treated films being promising in order to achieve controlled release of ZnO.
27261725	10	19	theme	ZnO-BC	1098:1103	arg1	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	19	theme	ZnO-BC	1098:1103	arg1	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	5	20	theme	NPs	598:600	arg1	nanofibers					612:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	0	21	theme	ZnO	65:67	arg1	properties					51:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties	0:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO	0:67	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	9	22	theme	ZnO	1072:1074	arg1	release					1061:1067	controlled release	1050:1067	controlled release of ZnO	1050:1074	The ZnO release was influenced by films composition; the multilayer and US treated films being promising in order to achieve controlled release of ZnO.
27261725	0	23	theme	Morphological	0:12	arg1	properties					51:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties	0:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO	0:67	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	5	24	theme	coated	602:607	arg1	nanofibers					612:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers	541:621	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	25	theme	distributed	582:592	arg1	NPs					598:600	evenly distributed ZnO NPs	575:600	evenly distributed ZnO NPs	575:600	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	26	theme	electron	433:440	arg1	SEM					454:456	SEM	454:456	SEM	454:456	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	26	theme	electron	433:440	arg1	microscopy					442:451	SEM scanning electron microscopy	420:451	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	420:465	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	6	27	theme	moisture	711:718	arg1	absorption					720:729	moisture absorption	711:729	moisture absorption	711:729	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	5	28	theme	stable	543:548	arg1	nanostructure					557:569	a stable hybrid nanostructure	541:569	a stable hybrid nanostructure	541:569	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	29	theme	hybrid	550:555	arg1	nanostructure					557:569	a stable hybrid nanostructure	541:569	a stable hybrid nanostructure	541:569	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	0	30	theme	physical	15:22	arg1	properties					51:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties	0:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO	0:67	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	7	31	theme	ZnO-BC	770:775	arg1	films					777:781	ZnO-BC films	770:781	ZnO-BC films	770:781	Antibacterial activity of ZnO-BC films against Staphylococcus aureus was more than Escherichia coli.
27261725	10	32	used	used	1118:1121	arg2	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	32	used	used	1118:1121	arg2	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	1	33	theme	Bacterial	117:125	arg1	BC					138:139	BC	138:139	BC	138:139	Bacterial cellulose (BC) monolayer and multilayer films, incorporating 5wt.
27261725	1	33	theme	Bacterial	117:125	arg1	cellulose					127:135	Bacterial cellulose	117:135	Bacterial cellulose (BC)	117:140	Bacterial cellulose (BC) monolayer and multilayer films, incorporating 5wt.
27261725	6	34	theme	mechanical	645:654	arg1	properties					656:665	the mechanical properties	641:665	the mechanical properties	641:665	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	7	35	theme	films	777:781	arg1	activity					758:765	Antibacterial activity	744:765	Antibacterial activity of ZnO-BC films against Staphylococcus aureus	744:811	Antibacterial activity of ZnO-BC films against Staphylococcus aureus was more than Escherichia coli.
27261725	8	36	theme	irradiation	912:922	arg1	utilization					894:904	the utilization	890:904	the utilization of US irradiation	890:922	The antibacterial activity was enhanced with the utilization of US irradiation.
27261725	8	37	theme	US	909:910	arg1	irradiation					912:922	US irradiation	909:922	US irradiation	909:922	The antibacterial activity was enhanced with the utilization of US irradiation.
27261725	0	38	theme	antimicrobial	25:37	arg1	properties					51:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties	0:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO	0:67	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	10	39	theme	release	1137:1143	arg1	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	39	theme	release	1137:1143	arg1	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	4	40	theme	X-ray	328:332	arg1	XRD					347:349	XRD	347:349	XRD	347:349	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that ZnO NPs were crystallized in their pure phase.
27261725	4	40	theme	X-ray	328:332	arg1	diffraction					334:344	X-ray diffraction	328:344	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns	328:359	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that ZnO NPs were crystallized in their pure phase.
27261725	3	41	dep	Ultrasound	238:247	arg1	US					250:251	US	250:251	US	250:251	Ultrasound (US) irradiation (40kHz) was applied during ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation.
27261725	10	42	theme	controlled	1126:1135	arg1	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	42	theme	controlled	1126:1135	arg1	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	5	43	theme	ZnO	514:516	arg1	size					527:530	ZnO particle size	514:530	ZnO particle size	514:530	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	1	44	theme	cellulose	127:135	arg1	monolayer					142:150	Bacterial cellulose (BC) monolayer and multilayer films	117:171	monolayer	142:150	Bacterial cellulose (BC) monolayer and multilayer films, incorporating 5wt.
27261725	0	45	theme	release	43:49	arg1	properties					51:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties	0:60	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO	0:67	Morphological, physical, antimicrobial and release properties of ZnO nanoparticles-loaded bacterial cellulose films.
27261725	5	46	theme	particle	518:525	arg1	size					527:530	ZnO particle size	514:530	ZnO particle size	514:530	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	6	47	theme	ZnO	624:626	arg1	NPs					628:630	ZnO NPs	624:630	ZnO NPs	624:630	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	7	48	theme	Antibacterial	744:756	arg1	activity					758:765	Antibacterial activity	744:765	Antibacterial activity of ZnO-BC films against Staphylococcus aureus	744:811	Antibacterial activity of ZnO-BC films against Staphylococcus aureus was more than Escherichia coli.
27261725	4	49	theme	diffraction	334:344	arg1	patterns					352:359	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns	328:359	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns	328:359	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that ZnO NPs were crystallized in their pure phase.
27261725	4	50	theme	pure	408:411	arg1	phase					413:417	their pure phase	402:417	their pure phase	402:417	X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that ZnO NPs were crystallized in their pure phase.
27261725	6	51	theme	films	737:741	arg1	permeability					694:705	water vapor permeability	682:705	water vapor permeability	682:705	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	6	51	theme	films	737:741	arg1	absorption					720:729	moisture absorption	711:729	moisture absorption	711:729	ZnO NPs enhanced the mechanical properties and diminished water vapor permeability and moisture absorption of BC films.
27261725	5	52	theme	US	482:483	arg1	treatment					485:493	US treatment	482:493	US treatment	482:493	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	53	theme	microscopy	442:451	arg1	results					459:465	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	420:465	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	420:465	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	54	theme	SEM	420:422	arg1	SEM					454:456	SEM	454:456	SEM	454:456	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	54	theme	SEM	420:422	arg1	microscopy					442:451	SEM scanning electron microscopy	420:451	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	420:465	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	10	55	theme	active	1164:1169	arg1	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	55	theme	active	1164:1169	arg1	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	3	56	theme	nanocomposites	300:313	arg1	preparation					315:325	ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation	293:325	ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation	293:325	Ultrasound (US) irradiation (40kHz) was applied during ZnO-BC nanocomposites preparation.
27261725	2	57	theme	%	192:192	arg1	NPs					213:215	NPs	213:215	NPs	213:215	% ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been obtained.
27261725	2	57	theme	%	192:192	arg1	nanoparticles					198:210	% ZnO nanoparticles	192:210	% ZnO nanoparticles (NPs)	192:216	% ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been obtained.
27261725	5	58	theme	scanning	424:431	arg1	SEM					454:456	SEM	454:456	SEM	454:456	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	5	58	theme	scanning	424:431	arg1	microscopy					442:451	SEM scanning electron microscopy	420:451	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	420:465	SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that US treatment causes to decrease ZnO particle size, forming a stable hybrid nanostructure and evenly distributed ZnO NPs coated BC nanofibers.
27261725	10	59	theme	food	1159:1162	arg1	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	59	theme	food	1159:1162	arg1	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	60	theme	antimicrobial	1145:1157	arg1	packaging					1171:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging	1126:1179	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
27261725	10	60	theme	antimicrobial	1145:1157	arg1	films					1105:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	ZnO-BC films	1098:1109	Results suggest that ZnO-BC films may be used as controlled release antimicrobial food active packaging.
26670811	8	0	theme	potential	1649:1657	arg1	applications					1659:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	0	theme	potential	1649:1657	arg1	engineering					1724:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	3	1	theme	surfaces	677:684	arg1	incompatibility					639:653	incompatibility	639:653	incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth	639:720	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	2	2	theme	physical	326:333	arg1	methods					345:351	chemical or physical reduction methods	314:351	chemical or physical reduction methods	314:351	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	4	3	theme	reduction	858:866	arg1	method					868:873	a bacterial reduction method	846:873	a bacterial reduction method	846:873	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	7	4	theme	culture	1376:1382	arg1	plate					1384:1388	the tissue culture plate	1365:1388	the tissue culture plate	1365:1388	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	6	5	theme	BC-RGO	1172:1177	arg1	film					1179:1182	the BC-RGO film	1168:1182	the BC-RGO film	1168:1182	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	6	6	theme	fibrous	1261:1267	arg1	structure					1269:1277	the nanoscale fibrous structure	1247:1277	the nanoscale fibrous structure	1247:1277	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	5	7	from	reduction	995:1003	arg1	culture					1020:1026	culture	1020:1026	culture	1020:1026	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	1	8	theme	applications	164:175	arg1	series					149:154	a series	147:154	a series of wide applications in the biomedical area	147:198	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	7	9	theme	bacterial	1411:1419	arg1	nanofibers					1431:1440	the bacterial cellulose nanofibers	1407:1440	the bacterial cellulose nanofibers	1407:1440	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	6	10	theme	cell	1146:1149	arg1	proliferation					1151:1163	higher cell proliferation	1139:1163	higher cell proliferation	1139:1163	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	2	11	theme	graphene	290:297	arg1	oxide					299:303	graphene oxide	290:303	graphene oxide (GO)	290:308	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	3	12	theme	practical	581:589	arg1	limitations					591:601	practical limitations	581:601	practical limitations in the biomedical field	581:625	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	6	13	theme	oxide	1228:1232	arg1	film					1234:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film	1197:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure	1197:1277	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	2	14	dep	oxide	299:303	arg1	GO					306:307	GO	306:307	GO	306:307	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	8	15	from	applications	1659:1670	arg1	area					1703:1706	biomedical area	1692:1706	biomedical area	1692:1706	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	3	16	theme	films	568:572	arg1	performance					540:550	the comprehensive performance	522:550	the comprehensive performance of the graphene films	522:572	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	6	17	theme	reduced	1211:1217	arg1	film					1234:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film	1197:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure	1197:1277	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	3	18	theme	biomedical	610:619	arg1	field					621:625	the biomedical field	606:625	the biomedical field	606:625	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	0	19	theme	Nanofibers-Graphene	66:84	arg1	Composite					86:94	Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite	46:94	Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite	46:94	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film Composed of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite.
26670811	8	20	theme	novel	1516:1520	arg1	method					1534:1539	The novel fabrication method	1512:1539	The novel fabrication method	1512:1539	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	1	21	from	series	149:154	arg1	area					195:198	the biomedical area	180:198	the biomedical area	180:198	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	5	22	theme	BC-RGO	890:895	arg1	films					897:901	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films	876:901	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films	876:901	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	7	23	theme	tissue	1369:1374	arg1	plate					1384:1388	the tissue culture plate	1365:1388	the tissue culture plate	1365:1388	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	4	24	theme	novel	750:754	arg1	fabrication					756:766	a novel fabrication	748:766	a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	748:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	5	25	theme	bacterial	985:993	arg1	reduction					995:1003	bacterial reduction	985:1003	bacterial reduction of GO films in culture	985:1026	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	8	26	theme	biochemical	1562:1572	arg1	activity					1574:1581	the biochemical activity	1558:1581	the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc	1558:1758	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	0	27	theme	Biocompatible	0:12	arg1	Film					29:32	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film	0:32	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film	0:32	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film Composed of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite.
26670811	2	28	theme	surface	397:403	arg1	hydrophilicity					405:418	surface hydrophilicity	397:418	surface hydrophilicity	397:418	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	1	29	theme	graphene	114:121	arg1	films					123:127	graphene films	114:127	graphene films	114:127	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	6	30	theme	stem	1054:1057	arg1	hMSCs					1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	6	30	theme	stem	1054:1057	arg1	cells					1059:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1029:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces	1029:1098	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	8	31	theme	cells	1590:1594	arg1	activity					1574:1581	the biochemical activity	1558:1581	the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc	1558:1758	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	6	32	theme	mesenchymal	1042:1052	arg1	hMSCs					1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	6	32	theme	mesenchymal	1042:1052	arg1	cells					1059:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1029:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces	1029:1098	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	4	33	theme	graphene	810:817	arg1	BC-RGO					826:831	BC-RGO	826:831	BC-RGO	826:831	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	4	33	theme	graphene	810:817	arg1	oxide					819:823	cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide	781:823	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	6	34	theme	marrow	1035:1040	arg1	hMSCs					1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	6	34	theme	marrow	1035:1040	arg1	cells					1059:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1029:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces	1029:1098	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	0	35	theme	Bacterial	46:54	arg1	Composite					86:94	Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite	46:94	Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite	46:94	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film Composed of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite.
26670811	3	36	theme	hydrophobic	665:675	arg1	surfaces					677:684	highly hydrophobic surfaces	658:684	highly hydrophobic surfaces	658:684	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	8	37	theme	graphene	1675:1682	arg1	film					1684:1687	graphene film	1675:1687	graphene film in biomedical area	1675:1706	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	2	38	from	decrease	385:392	arg1	hydrophilicity					405:418	surface hydrophilicity	397:418	surface hydrophilicity	397:418	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	6	39	theme	improved	1107:1114	arg1	response					1125:1132	improved cellular response	1107:1132	improved cellular response	1107:1132	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	8	40	theme	bacterial	1737:1745	arg1	engineering					1724:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	40	theme	bacterial	1737:1745	arg1	devices					1747:1753	bacterial devices	1737:1753	bacterial devices	1737:1753	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	4	41	theme	cellulose	781:789	arg1	BC-RGO					826:831	BC-RGO	826:831	BC-RGO	826:831	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	4	41	theme	cellulose	781:789	arg1	oxide					819:823	cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide	781:823	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	1	42	theme	advantageous	220:231	arg1	characteristics					233:247	several advantageous characteristics	212:247	several advantageous characteristics	212:247	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	5	43	theme	films	1011:1015	arg1	reduction					995:1003	bacterial reduction	985:1003	bacterial reduction of GO films in culture	985:1026	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	3	44	theme	cell	697:700	arg1	adhesion					702:709	cell adhesion	697:709	cell adhesion	697:709	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	2	45	theme	reduction	335:343	arg1	methods					345:351	chemical or physical reduction methods	314:351	chemical or physical reduction methods	314:351	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	7	46	theme	cellular	1491:1498	arg1	activities					1500:1509	cellular activities	1491:1509	cellular activities	1491:1509	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	8	47	theme	several	1641:1647	arg1	applications					1659:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	47	theme	several	1641:1647	arg1	engineering					1724:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	1	48	used	used	139:142	arg2	films					123:127	graphene films	114:127	graphene films	114:127	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	4	49	theme	bacterial	848:856	arg1	method					868:873	a bacterial reduction method	846:873	a bacterial reduction method	846:873	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	8	50	theme	tissue	1717:1722	arg1	etc					1756:1758	etc	1756:1758	etc	1756:1758	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	50	theme	tissue	1717:1722	arg1	engineering					1724:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	50	theme	tissue	1717:1722	arg1	devices					1747:1753	bacterial devices	1737:1753	bacterial devices	1737:1753	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	1	51	theme	wide	159:162	arg1	applications					164:175	wide applications	159:175	wide applications in the biomedical area	159:198	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	7	52	theme	contructive	1460:1470	arg1	role					1472:1475	a critically contructive role	1447:1475	a critically contructive role	1447:1475	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	6	53	theme	nanoscale	1251:1259	arg1	structure					1269:1277	the nanoscale fibrous structure	1247:1277	the nanoscale fibrous structure	1247:1277	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	4	54	theme	film	834:837	arg1	fabrication					756:766	a novel fabrication	748:766	a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	748:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	7	55	theme	cellulose	1421:1429	arg1	nanofibers					1431:1440	the bacterial cellulose nanofibers	1407:1440	the bacterial cellulose nanofibers	1407:1440	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	4	56	attach	present	740:746	arg1	work					731:734	this work	726:734	this work	726:734	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	4	56	attach	present	740:746	arg2	we					737:738	we	737:738	we	737:738	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	3	57	theme	comprehensive	526:538	arg1	performance					540:550	the comprehensive performance	522:550	the comprehensive performance of the graphene films	522:572	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	1	58	theme	biomedical	184:193	arg1	area					195:198	the biomedical area	180:198	the biomedical area	180:198	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	6	59	theme	higher	1139:1144	arg1	proliferation					1151:1163	higher cell proliferation	1139:1163	higher cell proliferation	1139:1163	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	5	60	dep	films	1011:1015	arg1	GO					1008:1009	GO	1008:1009	GO	1008:1009	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	2	61	attach	derived	277:283	arg2	films					267:271	these films	261:271	these films	261:271	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	2	61	attach	derived	277:283	arg1	oxide					299:303	graphene oxide	290:303	graphene oxide (GO)	290:308	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	3	62	theme	graphene	559:566	arg1	films					568:572	the graphene films	555:572	the graphene films	555:572	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	6	63	theme	graphene	1219:1226	arg1	film					1234:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film	1197:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure	1197:1277	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	1	64	from	area	195:198	arg1	series					149:154	a series	147:154	a series of wide applications in the biomedical area	147:198	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	5	65	theme	excellent	914:922	arg1	hydrophilicity					924:937	excellent hydrophilicity	914:937	excellent hydrophilicity	914:937	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	6	66	theme	Human	1029:1033	arg1	hMSCs					1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	hMSCs	1066:1070	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	6	66	theme	Human	1029:1033	arg1	cells					1059:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1029:1063	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces	1029:1098	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	6	67	theme	free-standing	1197:1209	arg1	film					1234:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film	1197:1237	free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure	1197:1277	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	8	68	theme	fabrication	1522:1532	arg1	method					1534:1539	The novel fabrication method	1512:1539	The novel fabrication method	1512:1539	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	1	69	from	applications	164:175	arg1	area					195:198	the biomedical area	180:198	the biomedical area	180:198	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	5	70	theme	Thus-prepared	876:888	arg1	films					897:901	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films	876:901	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films	876:901	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	2	71	theme	reduction	496:504	arg1	process					506:512	the reduction process	492:512	the reduction process	492:512	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	3	72	from	limitations	591:601	arg1	field					621:625	the biomedical field	606:625	the biomedical field	606:625	Hence, the comprehensive performance of the graphene films showed practical limitations in the biomedical field, because of incompatibility of highly hydrophobic surfaces to support cell adhesion and growth.
26670811	1	73	theme	recent	100:105	arg1	years					107:111	recent years	100:111	recent years	100:111	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	5	74	theme	electrical	946:955	arg1	properties					957:966	electrical properties	946:966	electrical properties	946:966	Thus-prepared BC-RGO films maintained excellent hydrophilicity, while electrical properties were improved by bacterial reduction of GO films in culture.
26670811	8	75	from	film	1684:1687	arg1	area					1703:1706	biomedical area	1692:1706	biomedical area	1692:1706	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	76	from	area	1703:1706	arg1	applications					1659:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	76	from	area	1703:1706	arg1	engineering					1724:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	77	from	activity	1574:1581	arg1	surface					1603:1609	the surface	1599:1609	the surface	1599:1609	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	7	78	theme	cellular	1297:1304	arg1	comparable					1343:1352	comparable	1343:1352	comparable	1343:1352	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	7	78	theme	cellular	1297:1304	arg1	adhesion					1306:1313	the cellular adhesion	1293:1313	the cellular adhesion	1293:1313	Furthermore, the cellular adhesion and proliferation were even comparable to that on the tissue culture plate, indicating that the bacterial cellulose nanofibers play a critically contructive role in supporting cellular activities.
26670811	4	79	theme	nanofibers/reduced	791:808	arg1	BC-RGO					826:831	BC-RGO	826:831	BC-RGO	826:831	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	4	79	theme	nanofibers/reduced	791:808	arg1	oxide					819:823	cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide	781:823	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	2	80	theme	significant	373:383	arg1	decrease					385:392	a significant decrease	371:392	a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity	371:418	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	0	81	theme	Cellulose	56:64	arg1	Composite					86:94	Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite	46:94	Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite	46:94	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film Composed of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite.
26670811	2	82	theme	electrical	434:443	arg1	property					445:452	the electrical property	430:452	the electrical property	430:452	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	4	83	theme	oxide	819:823	arg1	film					834:837	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
26670811	2	84	theme	chemical	314:321	arg1	methods					345:351	chemical or physical reduction methods	314:351	chemical or physical reduction methods	314:351	Currently, these films are derived from graphene oxide (GO) via chemical or physical reduction methods, which results in a significant decrease in surface hydrophilicity, although the electrical property could be greatly improved, because of the reduction process.
26670811	8	85	theme	film	1684:1687	arg1	applications					1659:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	several potential applications	1641:1670	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	8	85	theme	film	1684:1687	arg1	engineering					1724:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	tissue engineering	1717:1734	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	0	86	dep	Biocompatible	0:12	arg1	Free-Standing					15:27	Free-Standing	15:27	Free-Standing	15:27	Biocompatible, Free-Standing Film Composed of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers-Graphene Composite.
26670811	6	87	theme	cellular	1116:1123	arg1	response					1125:1132	improved cellular response	1107:1132	improved cellular response	1107:1132	Human marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on these surfaces showed improved cellular response with higher cell proliferation on the BC-RGO film, compared to free-standing reduced graphene oxide film without the nanoscale fibrous structure.
26670811	8	88	theme	biomedical	1692:1701	arg1	area					1703:1706	biomedical area	1692:1706	biomedical area	1692:1706	The novel fabrication method greatly enhanced the biochemical activity of the cells on the surface, which could aid in realizing several potential applications of graphene film in biomedical area, such as tissue engineering, bacterial devices, etc.
26670811	1	89	theme	several	212:218	arg1	characteristics					233:247	several advantageous characteristics	212:247	several advantageous characteristics	212:247	In recent years, graphene films have been used in a series of wide applications in the biomedical area, because of several advantageous characteristics.
26670811	4	90	theme	bacterial	771:779	arg1	film					834:837	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film	771:837	In this work, we present a novel fabrication of bacterial cellulose nanofibers/reduced graphene oxide (BC-RGO) film, using a bacterial reduction method.
25498349	6	0	theme	Thermal	565:571	arg1	TGA					585:587	TGA	585:587	TGA	585:587	Thermal properties (TGA) and swelling behavior for water were considered.
25498349	6	0	theme	Thermal	565:571	arg1	properties					573:582	Thermal properties	565:582	Thermal properties (TGA)	565:588	Thermal properties (TGA) and swelling behavior for water were considered.
25498349	8	1	theme	scanning	721:728	arg1	microscope					739:748	scanning electron microscope	721:748	scanning electron microscope	721:748	Morphology of all films was also explored using scanning electron microscope.
25498349	5	2	theme	water	531:535	arg1	angle					545:549	The water contact angle	527:549	The water contact angle	527:549	The water contact angle is inspected.
25498349	5	3	theme	contact	537:543	arg1	angle					545:549	The water contact angle	527:549	The water contact angle	527:549	The water contact angle is inspected.
25498349	2	4	theme	Silver	292:297	arg1	AgNPs					314:318	AgNPs	314:318	AgNPs	314:318	Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), was produced by Honeybee and added to solution.
25498349	2	4	theme	Silver	292:297	arg1	nanoparticles					299:311	Silver nanoparticles	292:311	Silver nanoparticles	292:311	Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), was produced by Honeybee and added to solution.
25498349	13	5	with	Films	1119:1123	arg1	AgNPs					1130:1134	AgNPs	1130:1134	AgNPs	1130:1134	Films with AgNPs showed higher activity against pathogenic fungi compared with the chemical fungicide; fluconazole.
25498349	13	6	theme	higher	1143:1148	arg1	activity					1150:1157	higher activity	1143:1157	higher activity against pathogenic fungi	1143:1182	Films with AgNPs showed higher activity against pathogenic fungi compared with the chemical fungicide; fluconazole.
25498349	9	7	theme	significant	765:775	arg1	hydrophilicity					777:790	significant hydrophilicity	765:790	significant hydrophilicity	765:790	AgNPs induced significant hydrophilicity to KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs.
25498349	8	8	theme	electron	730:737	arg1	microscope					739:748	scanning electron microscope	721:748	scanning electron microscope	721:748	Morphology of all films was also explored using scanning electron microscope.
25498349	1	9	theme	Biopolymer	111:120	arg1	film					132:135	Biopolymer composite film	111:135	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG)	111:225	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	12	10	theme	films	1112:1116	arg1	surface					1101:1107	the surface	1097:1107	the surface of films	1097:1116	Both SEM and EDX proved the deposition of AgNPs on the surface of films.
25498349	11	11	with	Films	971:975	arg1	AgNPs					982:986	AgNPs	982:986	AgNPs	982:986	Films with AgNPs explore lower swelling behavior than other films without.
25498349	1	12	contain	containing	276:285	arg2	PEG					287:289	PEG	287:289	PEG	287:289	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	12	contain	containing	276:285	arg1	water					270:274	water	270:274	water containing PEG	270:289	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	0	13	theme	vinyl	19:23	arg1	glycol/silver					50:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver	0:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver	0:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver nanoparticles film for biomedical application.
25498349	13	14	theme	pathogenic	1167:1176	arg1	fungi					1178:1182	pathogenic fungi	1167:1182	pathogenic fungi	1167:1182	Films with AgNPs showed higher activity against pathogenic fungi compared with the chemical fungicide; fluconazole.
25498349	9	15	theme	KC-PVP-PEG	795:804	arg1	film					806:809	KC-PVP-PEG film	795:809	KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs	795:866	AgNPs induced significant hydrophilicity to KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs.
25498349	10	16	theme	thermal	903:909	arg1	stability					911:919	higher thermal stability	896:919	higher thermal stability	896:919	Films with AgNPs exhibited higher thermal stability and strength properties than other films without.
25498349	1	17	theme	polyethylene	201:212	arg1	PEG					222:224	PEG	222:224	PEG	222:224	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	17	theme	polyethylene	201:212	arg1	glycol					214:219	polyethylene glycol	201:219	polyethylene glycol (PEG)	201:225	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	0	18	theme	k-Carrageenan/poly	0:17	arg1	glycol/silver					50:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver	0:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver	0:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver nanoparticles film for biomedical application.
25498349	4	19	theme	E	508:508	arg1	elongation					496:505	elongation	496:505	elongation (E %)	496:511	Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E %) is evaluated.
25498349	4	19	theme	E	508:508	arg1	%					510:510	E %	508:510	E %	508:510	Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E %) is evaluated.
25498349	10	20	theme	higher	896:901	arg1	stability					911:919	higher thermal stability	896:919	higher thermal stability	896:919	Films with AgNPs exhibited higher thermal stability and strength properties than other films without.
25498349	11	21	theme	other	1025:1029	arg1	films					1031:1035	other films	1025:1035	other films without	1025:1043	Films with AgNPs explore lower swelling behavior than other films without.
25498349	0	22	theme	pyrollidone/polyethylene	25:48	arg1	glycol/silver					50:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver	0:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver	0:62	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver nanoparticles film for biomedical application.
25498349	9	23	theme	contact	816:822	arg1	angle					824:828	contact angle	816:828	contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs	816:866	AgNPs induced significant hydrophilicity to KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs.
25498349	7	24	theme	Fungal	639:644	arg1	activity					646:653	Fungal activity	639:653	Fungal activity	639:653	Fungal activity is also examined.
25498349	6	25	theme	swelling	594:601	arg1	behavior					603:610	swelling behavior	594:610	swelling behavior for water	594:620	Thermal properties (TGA) and swelling behavior for water were considered.
25498349	1	26	from	PVP	263:265	arg1	water					270:274	water	270:274	water containing PEG	270:289	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	10	27	theme	strength	925:932	arg1	properties					934:943	strength properties	925:943	strength properties	925:943	Films with AgNPs exhibited higher thermal stability and strength properties than other films without.
25498349	0	28	theme	biomedical	87:96	arg1	application					98:108	biomedical application	87:108	biomedical application	87:108	k-Carrageenan/poly vinyl pyrollidone/polyethylene glycol/silver nanoparticles film for biomedical application.
25498349	9	29	theme	41.6	833:836	arg1	angle					824:828	contact angle	816:828	contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs	816:866	AgNPs induced significant hydrophilicity to KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs.
25498349	3	30	theme	final	457:461	arg1	films					463:467	the final films	453:467	the final films	453:467	Finally, all solutions were poured onto dishes and dried overnight at 40°C to form the final films.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg2	KC					163:164	KC	163:164	KC	163:164	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg2	k-carrageenan					148:160	k-carrageenan	148:160	k-carrageenan (KC)	148:165	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg2	glycol					214:219	polyethylene glycol	201:219	polyethylene glycol (PEG)	201:225	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg2	pyrrolidone					178:188	polyvinyl pyrrolidone	168:188	polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)	168:194	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg2	PEG					222:224	PEG	222:224	PEG	222:224	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg2	PVP					191:193	PVP	191:193	PVP	191:193	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	31	contain	containing	137:146	arg1	film					132:135	Biopolymer composite film	111:135	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG)	111:225	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	32	from	KC	256:257	arg1	water					270:274	water	270:274	water containing PEG	270:289	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	12	33	from	deposition	1074:1083	arg1	surface					1101:1107	the surface	1097:1107	the surface of films	1097:1116	Both SEM and EDX proved the deposition of AgNPs on the surface of films.
25498349	9	34	with	film	806:809	arg1	angle					824:828	contact angle	816:828	contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs	816:866	AgNPs induced significant hydrophilicity to KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs.
25498349	9	35	theme	34.7	842:845	arg1	angle					824:828	contact angle	816:828	contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs	816:866	AgNPs induced significant hydrophilicity to KC-PVP-PEG film with contact angle of 41.6 and 34.7 for KC-PVP-PEG-AgNPs.
25498349	13	36	theme	fungicide	1211:1219	arg1	fluconazole					1222:1232	the chemical fungicide; fluconazole	1198:1232	the chemical fungicide; fluconazole	1198:1232	Films with AgNPs showed higher activity against pathogenic fungi compared with the chemical fungicide; fluconazole.
25498349	1	37	theme	composite	122:130	arg1	film					132:135	Biopolymer composite film	111:135	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG)	111:225	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	38	theme	polyvinyl	168:176	arg1	PVP					191:193	PVP	191:193	PVP	191:193	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	1	38	theme	polyvinyl	168:176	arg1	pyrrolidone					178:188	polyvinyl pyrrolidone	168:188	polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)	168:194	Biopolymer composite film containing k-carrageenan (KC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was formulated by dissolving KC and PVP in water containing PEG.
25498349	8	39	theme	films	691:695	arg1	Morphology					673:682	Morphology	673:682	Morphology of all films	673:695	Morphology of all films was also explored using scanning electron microscope.
25498349	10	40	theme	other	950:954	arg1	films					956:960	other films	950:960	other films without	950:968	Films with AgNPs exhibited higher thermal stability and strength properties than other films without.
25498349	11	41	theme	swelling	1002:1009	arg1	behavior					1011:1018	lower swelling behavior	996:1018	lower swelling behavior	996:1018	Films with AgNPs explore lower swelling behavior than other films without.
25498349	13	42	theme	chemical	1202:1209	arg1	fluconazole					1222:1232	the chemical fungicide; fluconazole	1198:1232	the chemical fungicide; fluconazole	1198:1232	Films with AgNPs showed higher activity against pathogenic fungi compared with the chemical fungicide; fluconazole.
25498349	4	43	theme	Tensile	470:476	arg1	TS					488:489	TS	488:489	TS	488:489	Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E %) is evaluated.
25498349	4	43	theme	Tensile	470:476	arg1	strength					478:485	Tensile strength	470:485	Tensile strength (TS)	470:490	Tensile strength (TS) and elongation (E %) is evaluated.
25498349	12	44	theme	AgNPs	1088:1092	arg1	deposition					1074:1083	the deposition	1070:1083	the deposition of AgNPs on the surface of films	1070:1116	Both SEM and EDX proved the deposition of AgNPs on the surface of films.
25498349	10	45	with	Films	869:873	arg1	AgNPs					880:884	AgNPs	880:884	AgNPs	880:884	Films with AgNPs exhibited higher thermal stability and strength properties than other films without.
27060488	0	0	theme	nitrogen-starved	88:103	arg1	Chlamydomonas					105:117	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	88:129	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	88:129	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	8	1	theme	starch	1523:1528	arg1	degradation					1508:1518	the degradation	1504:1518	the degradation	1504:1518	We suggest that BGAL1 may be involved in the degradation of starch, which affects TAG accumulation in nitrogen-starved C. reinhardtii.
27060488	6	2	theme	metabolites	1083:1093	arg1	levels					1073:1078	significantly reduced levels	1051:1078	significantly reduced levels of metabolites	1051:1093	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	6	3	theme	substrates	1134:1143	arg1	hydrolysis					1109:1118	the hydrolysis	1105:1118	the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation	1105:1164	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	9	4	dep	Issue	1632:1636	arg1	Biology					1660:1666	Plant Lipid Biology	1648:1666	a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner	1622:1709	This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
27060488	6	5	theme	bgal1	1031:1035	arg1	mutant					1037:1042	the bgal1 mutant	1027:1042	the bgal1 mutant	1027:1042	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	7	6	theme	glucose	1259:1265	arg1	6-phosphate					1267:1277	glucose 6-phosphate	1259:1277	glucose 6-phosphate	1259:1277	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	5	7	theme	reduced	801:807	arg1	flux					809:812	the reduced flux	797:812	the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	797:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	5	8	theme	TAG	923:925	arg1	accumulation					927:938	TAG accumulation	923:938	TAG accumulation	923:938	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	4	9	theme	gene	615:618	arg1	mutant					555:560	a null mutant	548:560	a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type	548:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	9	theme	gene	615:618	arg1	bgal1					538:542	The bgal1	534:542	The bgal1	534:542	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	7	10	theme	other	1344:1348	arg1	metabolites					1350:1360	the other metabolites	1340:1360	the other metabolites in glycolysis	1340:1374	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	5	11	theme	culture	988:994	arg1	media					996:1000	the culture media	984:1000	the culture media	984:1000	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	5	12	theme	decreased	756:764	arg1	accumulation					770:781	decreased TAG accumulation	756:781	decreased TAG accumulation	756:781	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	4	13	theme	β-galactosidase	659:673	arg1	%					686:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40%	653:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type	653:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	13	theme	β-galactosidase	659:673	arg1	type					700:703	the wild type	691:703	the wild type	691:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	5	14	from	TAG	907:909	arg1	unsaturation					865:876	increased unsaturation	855:876	increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	855:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	7	15	theme	fructose	1280:1287	arg1	6-phosphate					1289:1299	fructose 6-phosphate	1280:1299	fructose 6-phosphate	1280:1299	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	5	16	theme	fatty	881:885	arg1	composition					892:902	fatty acid composition	881:902	fatty acid composition in TAG	881:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	5	17	theme	TAG	766:768	arg1	accumulation					770:781	decreased TAG accumulation	756:781	decreased TAG accumulation	756:781	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	0	18	from	defective	43:51	arg1	accumulation					72:83	triacylglycerol accumulation	56:83	triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	56:129	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	5	19	theme	increased	855:863	arg1	unsaturation					865:876	increased unsaturation	855:876	increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	855:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	3	20	theme	granules	488:495	arg1	growth					526:531	defective photosynthetic growth	501:531	defective photosynthetic growth	501:531	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	3	20	theme	granules	488:495	arg1	overaccumulation					461:476	an overaccumulation	458:476	an overaccumulation of starch granules	458:495	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	5	21	theme	composition	892:902	arg1	unsaturation					865:876	increased unsaturation	855:876	increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	855:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	1	22	theme	biodiesel	173:181	arg1	production					183:192	biodiesel production	173:192	biodiesel production	173:192	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	5	23	theme	de	817:818	arg1	biosynthesis					829:840	de novo TAG biosynthesis	817:840	de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	817:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	3	24	theme	mutant	428:433	arg1	bgal1					435:439	mutant bgal1	428:439	mutant bgal1	428:439	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	2	25	theme	conversion	302:311	arg1	pathway					277:283	the metabolic pathway	263:283	the metabolic pathway of starch-to-TAG conversion	263:311	However, the metabolic pathway of starch-to-TAG conversion remains elusive because an enzyme that affects the starch degradation is unknown.
27060488	1	26	theme	production	183:192	arg1	source					163:168	a major source	155:168	a major source of biodiesel production	155:192	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	1	26	theme	production	183:192	arg1	Triacylglycerol					132:146	Triacylglycerol	132:146	Triacylglycerol (TAG)	132:152	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	6	27	theme	starch	1123:1128	arg1	hydrolysis					1109:1118	the hydrolysis	1105:1118	the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation	1105:1164	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	7	28	theme	TAG	1445:1447	arg1	accumulation					1449:1460	TAG accumulation	1445:1460	TAG accumulation	1445:1460	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	8	29	theme	TAG	1545:1547	arg1	accumulation					1549:1560	TAG accumulation	1545:1560	TAG accumulation	1545:1560	We suggest that BGAL1 may be involved in the degradation of starch, which affects TAG accumulation in nitrogen-starved C. reinhardtii.
27060488	4	30	theme	type	700:703	arg1	%					686:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40%	653:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type	653:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	30	theme	type	700:703	arg1	type					700:703	the wild type	691:703	the wild type	691:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	3	31	theme	new	415:417	arg1	class					419:423	a new class	413:423	a new class	413:423	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	6	32	theme	Metabolomic	1003:1013	arg1	analysis					1015:1022	Metabolomic analysis	1003:1022	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant	1003:1042	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	5	33	theme	acetate	973:979	arg1	supplementation					954:968	additional supplementation	943:968	additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media	943:1000	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	4	34	theme	wild	695:698	arg1	type					700:703	the wild type	691:703	the wild type	691:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	5	35	theme	biosynthesis	829:840	arg1	flux					809:812	the reduced flux	797:812	the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	797:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	5	36	theme	TAG	825:827	arg1	biosynthesis					829:840	de novo TAG biosynthesis	817:840	de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG	817:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	9	37	theme	entitled	1638:1645	arg1	Issue					1632:1636	a Special Issue entitled	1622:1645	a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner	1622:1709	This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
27060488	6	38	theme	TCA	1190:1192	arg1	cycle					1194:1198	TCA cycle	1190:1198	TCA cycle	1190:1198	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	3	39	theme	starch	481:486	arg1	granules					488:495	starch granules	481:495	starch granules	481:495	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	4	40	theme	β-galactosidase-like	594:613	arg1	Cre02.g119700					621:633	Cre02.g119700	621:633	Cre02.g119700	621:633	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	40	theme	β-galactosidase-like	594:613	arg1	gene					615:618	a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene	565:618	a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700)	565:634	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	7	41	theme	6-phosphate	1289:1299	arg1	levels					1249:1254	levels	1249:1254	levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA	1249:1314	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	1	42	theme	nitrogen-starved	210:225	arg1	reinhardtii					241:251	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	210:251	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	210:251	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	0	43	theme	mutant	36:41	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	0	43	theme	mutant	36:41	arg1	Isolation					0:8	Isolation	0:8	Isolation	0:8	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	4	44	theme	uncharacterized	578:592	arg1	Cre02.g119700					621:633	Cre02.g119700	621:633	Cre02.g119700	621:633	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	44	theme	uncharacterized	578:592	arg1	gene					615:618	a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene	565:618	a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700)	565:634	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	5	45	theme	bgal1	736:740	arg1	mutant					742:747	the bgal1 mutant	732:747	the bgal1 mutant	732:747	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	7	46	theme	nitrogen	1222:1229	arg1	starvation					1231:1240	nitrogen starvation	1222:1240	nitrogen starvation	1222:1240	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	1	47	theme	Chlamydomonas	227:239	arg1	reinhardtii					241:251	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	210:251	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	210:251	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	3	48	theme	bgal1	435:439	arg1	class					419:423	a new class	413:423	a new class	413:423	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	4	49	theme	null	550:553	arg1	mutant					555:560	a null mutant	548:560	a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type	548:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	49	theme	null	550:553	arg1	bgal1					538:542	The bgal1	534:542	The bgal1	534:542	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	0	50	from	accumulation	72:83	arg1	defective					43:51	defective	43:51	defective	43:51	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	0	50	from	accumulation	72:83	arg1	Chlamydomonas					105:117	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	88:129	nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	88:129	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	9	51	theme	Special	1624:1630	arg1	Issue					1632:1636	a Special Issue entitled	1622:1645	a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner	1622:1709	This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
27060488	5	52	from	unsaturation	865:876	arg1	TAG					907:909	TAG	907:909	TAG	907:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	9	53	theme	Issue	1632:1636	arg1	part					1614:1617	part	1614:1617	part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner	1614:1709	This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
27060488	7	54	theme	TCA	1408:1410	arg1	cycle					1412:1416	the TCA cycle	1404:1416	the TCA cycle	1404:1416	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	3	55	theme	photosynthetic	511:524	arg1	growth					526:531	defective photosynthetic growth	501:531	defective photosynthetic growth	501:531	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	0	56	theme	defective	43:51	arg1	mutant					36:41	a mutant	34:41	a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	34:129	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	5	57	dep	de	817:818	arg1	novo					820:823	novo	820:823	novo	820:823	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	6	58	from	metabolites	1175:1185	arg1	cycle					1194:1198	TCA cycle	1190:1198	TCA cycle	1190:1198	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	7	59	theme	acetyl-CoA	1305:1314	arg1	levels					1249:1254	levels	1249:1254	levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA	1249:1314	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	5	60	theme	nitrogen	711:718	arg1	starvation					720:729	nitrogen starvation	711:729	nitrogen starvation	711:729	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	2	61	theme	starch-to-TAG	288:300	arg1	conversion					302:311	starch-to-TAG conversion	288:311	starch-to-TAG conversion	288:311	However, the metabolic pathway of starch-to-TAG conversion remains elusive because an enzyme that affects the starch degradation is unknown.
27060488	7	62	from	metabolites	1350:1360	arg1	glycolysis					1365:1374	glycolysis	1365:1374	glycolysis	1365:1374	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	2	63	theme	starch	364:369	arg1	degradation					371:381	the starch degradation	360:381	the starch degradation	360:381	However, the metabolic pathway of starch-to-TAG conversion remains elusive because an enzyme that affects the starch degradation is unknown.
27060488	6	64	theme	reduced	1065:1071	arg1	levels					1073:1078	significantly reduced levels	1051:1078	significantly reduced levels of metabolites	1051:1093	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	9	65	theme	Plant	1648:1652	arg1	Biology					1660:1666	Plant Lipid Biology	1648:1666	a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner	1622:1709	This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
27060488	5	66	from	composition	892:902	arg1	TAG					907:909	TAG	907:909	TAG	907:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	3	67	theme	defective	501:509	arg1	growth					526:531	defective photosynthetic growth	501:531	defective photosynthetic growth	501:531	Here, we isolated a new class of mutant bgal1, which expressed an overaccumulation of starch granules and defective photosynthetic growth.
27060488	5	68	theme	additional	943:952	arg1	supplementation					954:968	additional supplementation	943:968	additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media	943:1000	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	7	69	theme	6-phosphate	1267:1277	arg1	levels					1249:1254	levels	1249:1254	levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA	1249:1314	Upon nitrogen starvation, while levels of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and acetyl-CoA remained lower, most of the other metabolites in glycolysis were increased but those in the TCA cycle were decreased, supporting TAG accumulation.
27060488	9	70	theme	Lipid	1654:1658	arg1	Biology					1660:1666	Plant Lipid Biology	1648:1666	a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner	1622:1709	This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Lipid Biology edited by Kent D. Chapman and Ivo Feussner.
27060488	4	71	theme	activity	675:682	arg1	%					686:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40%	653:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type	653:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	71	theme	activity	675:682	arg1	type					700:703	the wild type	691:703	the wild type	691:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	6	72	theme	TAG	1149:1151	arg1	accumulation					1153:1164	TAG accumulation	1149:1164	TAG accumulation	1149:1164	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27060488	5	73	theme	acid	887:890	arg1	composition					892:902	fatty acid composition	881:902	fatty acid composition in TAG	881:909	Upon nitrogen starvation, the bgal1 mutant showed decreased TAG accumulation mainly due to the reduced flux of de novo TAG biosynthesis evidenced by increased unsaturation of fatty acid composition in TAG and reduced TAG accumulation by additional supplementation of acetate to the culture media.
27060488	4	74	theme	total	653:657	arg1	%					686:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40%	653:686	total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type	653:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	4	74	theme	total	653:657	arg1	type					700:703	the wild type	691:703	the wild type	691:703	The bgal1 was a null mutant of a previously uncharacterized β-galactosidase-like gene (Cre02.g119700), which decreased total β-galactosidase activity 40% of the wild type.
27060488	0	75	theme	triacylglycerol	56:70	arg1	accumulation					72:83	triacylglycerol accumulation	56:83	triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	56:129	Isolation and characterization of a mutant defective in triacylglycerol accumulation in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	2	76	theme	metabolic	267:275	arg1	pathway					277:283	the metabolic pathway	263:283	the metabolic pathway of starch-to-TAG conversion	263:311	However, the metabolic pathway of starch-to-TAG conversion remains elusive because an enzyme that affects the starch degradation is unknown.
27060488	1	77	theme	major	157:161	arg1	source					163:168	a major source	155:168	a major source of biodiesel production	155:192	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	1	77	theme	major	157:161	arg1	Triacylglycerol					132:146	Triacylglycerol	132:146	Triacylglycerol (TAG)	132:152	Triacylglycerol (TAG), a major source of biodiesel production, accumulates in nitrogen-starved Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
27060488	6	78	theme	mutant	1037:1042	arg1	analysis					1015:1022	Metabolomic analysis	1003:1022	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant	1003:1042	Metabolomic analysis of the bgal1 mutant showed significantly reduced levels of metabolites following the hydrolysis of starch and substrates for TAG accumulation, whereas metabolites in TCA cycle were unaffected.
27818120	2	0	theme	myocardial	658:667	arg1	STEMI					681:685	STEMI	681:685	STEMI	681:685	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	0	theme	myocardial	658:667	arg1	infarction					669:678	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	637:678	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)	637:686	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	1	from	outcomes	442:449	arg1	patients					601:608	patients	601:608	patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)	601:686	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	3	2	theme	age	730:732	arg1	male					752:755	79.2% male	746:755	79.2% male	746:755	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	3	2	theme	age	730:732	arg1	62.0 years					734:743	median age 62.0 years	723:743	median age 62.0 years	723:743	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	1	3	theme	recent	289:294	arg1	years					296:300	recent years	289:300	recent years	289:300	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	2	4	theme	ST-segment	637:646	arg1	STEMI					681:685	STEMI	681:685	STEMI	681:685	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	4	theme	ST-segment	637:646	arg1	infarction					669:678	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	637:678	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)	637:686	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	5	5	from	enoxaparin	1266:1275	arg1	137 patients					1321:1332	137 patients	1321:1332	137 patients (8.0%)	1321:1339	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	5	5	from	enoxaparin	1266:1275	arg1	%					1338:1338	8.0%	1335:1338	8.0%	1335:1338	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	5	5	from	enoxaparin	1266:1275	arg1	patients					1293:1300	1163 (67.6%) patients	1280:1300	1163 (67.6%) patients	1280:1300	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	5	5	from	enoxaparin	1266:1275	arg1	%					1290:1290	67.6%	1286:1290	67.6%	1286:1290	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	8	6	theme	multivariable	1615:1627	arg1	analysis					1629:1636	multivariable analysis	1615:1636	multivariable analysis	1615:1636	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	4	7	theme	academic	1169:1176	arg1	consortium					1187:1196	Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5	1160:1208	consortium	1187:1196	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	7	theme	academic	1169:1176	arg1	bleeding					1150:1157	bleeding	1150:1157	bleeding	1150:1157	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	9	8	dep	CONCLUSION	1734:1743	arg1	registry					1765:1772	this prospective registry	1748:1772	this prospective registry	1748:1772	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	9	theme	MACE	1841:1844	arg1	rates					1820:1824	the rates	1816:1824	the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH	1816:1898	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	9	theme	MACE	1841:1844	arg1	bivalirudin					1915:1925	bivalirudin	1915:1925	bivalirudin	1915:1925	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	9	theme	MACE	1841:1844	arg1	enoxaparin					1901:1910	enoxaparin	1901:1910	enoxaparin	1901:1910	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	0	10	theme	primary	126:132	arg1	intervention					156:167	primary percutaneous coronary intervention	126:167	primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	126:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	1	11	theme	debate	406:411	arg1	matter					396:401	a matter	394:401	a matter of debate	394:411	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	6	12	theme	significant	1444:1454	arg1	differences					1456:1466	no significant differences	1441:1466	no significant differences between groups (P=0.628)	1441:1491	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	4	13	theme	in-hospital	966:976	arg1	outcomes					952:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	13	theme	in-hospital	966:976	arg1	events					1007:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events	966:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis)	966:1126	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	13	theme	in-hospital	966:976	arg1	MACE					1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	0	14	theme	coronary	147:154	arg1	intervention					156:167	primary percutaneous coronary intervention	126:167	primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	126:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	1	15	from	studies	278:284	arg1	years					296:300	recent years	289:300	recent years	289:300	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	7	16	theme	patients	1541:1548	arg1	%					1584:1584	1.5%	1581:1584	1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851)	1581:1609	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	16	theme	patients	1541:1548	arg1	%					1561:1561	1.4%	1558:1561	1.4% on enoxaparin	1558:1575	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	16	theme	patients	1541:1548	arg1	patients					1541:1548	patients	1541:1548	patients on UFH	1541:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	16	theme	patients	1541:1548	arg1	%					1536:1536	1.7%	1533:1536	1.7% of patients on UFH	1533:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	3	17	theme	injectable	822:831	arg1	anticoagulant					833:845	an injectable anticoagulant	819:845	an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	819:894	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	0	18	theme	elevation	184:192	arg1	infarction					205:214	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	173:214	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	173:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	8	19	theme	independent	1685:1695	arg1	anticoagulant					1655:1667	the prehospital anticoagulant	1639:1667	the prehospital anticoagulant used	1639:1672	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	8	19	theme	independent	1685:1695	arg1	predictor					1697:1705	an independent predictor	1682:1705	an independent predictor of MACE	1682:1713	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	3	20	theme	care	885:888	arg1	units					890:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	9	21	theme	UFH	1896:1898	arg1	initiation					1882:1891	prehospital initiation	1870:1891	prehospital initiation of UFH	1870:1898	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	6	22	theme	MACE	1363:1366	arg1	Rates					1342:1346	Rates	1342:1346	Rates of in-hospital MACE	1342:1366	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	4	23	theme	non-fatal	1058:1066	arg1	infarction					1079:1088	non-fatal myocardial infarction	1058:1088	non-fatal myocardial infarction	1058:1088	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	2	24	theme	±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa	524:545	arg1	inhibitors					547:556	low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	487:556	low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs)	487:563	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	24	theme	±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa	524:545	arg1	GPIs					559:562	GPIs	559:562	GPIs	559:562	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	0	25	from	safety	13:18	arg1	patients					106:113	patients	106:113	patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	106:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	3	26	theme	mobile	868:873	arg1	units					890:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	0	27	theme	enoxaparin	77:86	arg1	administration					35:48	prehospital administration	23:48	prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin	23:101	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	7	28	from	patients	1541:1548	arg1	UFH					1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	4	29	theme	adverse	984:990	arg1	outcomes					952:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	29	theme	adverse	984:990	arg1	events					1007:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events	966:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis)	966:1126	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	29	theme	adverse	984:990	arg1	MACE					1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	0	30	from	Efficacy	0:7	arg1	patients					106:113	patients	106:113	patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	106:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	0	31	theme	bivalirudin	91:101	arg1	administration					35:48	prehospital administration	23:48	prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin	23:101	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	7	32	from	UFH	1553:1555	arg1	%					1584:1584	1.5%	1581:1584	1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851)	1581:1609	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	32	from	UFH	1553:1555	arg1	%					1561:1561	1.4%	1558:1561	1.4% on enoxaparin	1558:1575	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	32	from	UFH	1553:1555	arg1	patients					1541:1548	patients	1541:1548	patients on UFH	1541:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	32	from	UFH	1553:1555	arg1	%					1536:1536	1.7%	1533:1536	1.7% of patients on UFH	1533:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	6	33	with	%	1376:1376	arg1	differences					1456:1466	no significant differences	1441:1466	no significant differences between groups (P=0.628)	1441:1491	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	33	with	%	1376:1376	arg1	bivalirudin					1423:1433	bivalirudin	1423:1433	bivalirudin	1423:1433	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	33	with	%	1376:1376	arg1	enoxaparin					1398:1407	enoxaparin	1398:1407	enoxaparin	1398:1407	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	33	with	%	1376:1376	arg1	UFH					1383:1385	UFH	1383:1385	UFH	1383:1385	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	2	34	theme	low-dose	487:494	arg1	heparin					511:517	low-dose unfractionated heparin	487:517	low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs)	487:563	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	34	theme	low-dose	487:494	arg1	UFH					520:522	UFH	520:522	UFH	520:522	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	4	35	theme	myocardial	1068:1077	arg1	infarction					1079:1088	non-fatal myocardial infarction	1058:1088	non-fatal myocardial infarction	1058:1088	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	5	36	theme	RESULTS	1212:1218	arg1	UFH					1220:1222	RESULTS UFH	1212:1222	RESULTS UFH	1212:1222	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	2	37	theme	in-hospital	430:440	arg1	outcomes					442:449	in-hospital outcomes	430:449	in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)	430:686	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	0	38	theme	prehospital	23:33	arg1	administration					35:48	prehospital administration	23:48	prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin	23:101	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	4	39	theme	all-cause	1037:1045	arg1	mortality					1047:1055	all-cause mortality	1037:1055	all-cause mortality	1037:1055	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	0	40	from	registry	240:247	arg1	Insights					217:224	Insights	217:224	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.	0:248	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	0	41	theme	heparin	68:74	arg1	administration					35:48	prehospital administration	23:48	prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin	23:101	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	1	42	theme	percutaneous	345:356	arg1	PCI					381:383	PCI	381:383	PCI	381:383	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	1	42	theme	percutaneous	345:356	arg1	intervention					367:378	primary percutaneous coronary intervention	337:378	primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	337:384	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	4	43	theme	stent	1110:1114	arg1	thrombosis					1116:1125	definite stent thrombosis	1101:1125	definite stent thrombosis	1101:1125	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	3	44	theme	median	723:728	arg1	male					752:755	79.2% male	746:755	79.2% male	746:755	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	3	44	theme	median	723:728	arg1	62.0 years					734:743	median age 62.0 years	723:743	median age 62.0 years	723:743	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	7	45	from	%	1536:1536	arg1	bivalirudin					1589:1599	bivalirudin	1589:1599	bivalirudin (P=0.851)	1589:1609	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	45	from	%	1536:1536	arg1	enoxaparin					1566:1575	enoxaparin	1566:1575	enoxaparin	1566:1575	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	45	from	%	1536:1536	arg1	UFH					1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	45	from	%	1536:1536	arg1	P=0.851					1602:1608	P=0.851	1602:1608	P=0.851	1602:1608	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	3	46	theme	1720 patients	708:720	arg1	total					699:703	A total	697:703	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI	689:913	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	1	47	theme	numerous	269:276	arg1	studies					278:284	numerous studies	269:284	numerous studies in recent years	269:300	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	2	48	theme	heparin	511:517	arg1	inhibitors					547:556	low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	487:556	low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs)	487:563	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	48	theme	heparin	511:517	arg1	GPIs					559:562	GPIs	559:562	GPIs	559:562	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	0	49	dep	Efficacy	0:7	arg1	Insights					217:224	Insights	217:224	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.	0:248	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	3	50	theme	79.2	746:749	arg1	%					750:750	%	750:750	%	750:750	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	2	51	theme	elevation	648:656	arg1	STEMI					681:685	STEMI	681:685	STEMI	681:685	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	51	theme	elevation	648:656	arg1	infarction					669:678	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	637:678	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)	637:686	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	9	52	theme	significant	1789:1799	arg1	differences					1801:1811	no significant differences	1786:1811	no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI	1786:1970	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	4	53	dep	composite	1024:1032	arg1	stroke					1091:1096	stroke	1091:1096	stroke	1091:1096	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	53	dep	composite	1024:1032	arg1	infarction					1079:1088	non-fatal myocardial infarction	1058:1088	non-fatal myocardial infarction	1058:1088	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	53	dep	composite	1024:1032	arg1	thrombosis					1116:1125	definite stent thrombosis	1101:1125	definite stent thrombosis	1101:1125	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	9	54	from	differences	1801:1811	arg1	rates					1820:1824	the rates	1816:1824	the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH	1816:1898	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	54	from	differences	1801:1811	arg1	patients					1930:1937	patients	1930:1937	patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI	1930:1970	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	54	from	differences	1801:1811	arg1	bivalirudin					1915:1925	bivalirudin	1915:1925	bivalirudin	1915:1925	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	54	from	differences	1801:1811	arg1	enoxaparin					1901:1910	enoxaparin	1901:1910	enoxaparin	1901:1910	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	4	55	theme	Bleeding	1160:1167	arg1	consortium					1187:1196	Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5	1160:1208	consortium	1187:1196	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	55	theme	Bleeding	1160:1167	arg1	bleeding					1150:1157	bleeding	1150:1157	bleeding	1150:1157	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	0	56	theme	ORBI	235:238	arg1	registry					240:247	the ORBI registry	231:247	the ORBI registry	231:247	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	4	57	theme	research	1178:1185	arg1	consortium					1187:1196	Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5	1160:1208	consortium	1187:1196	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	57	theme	research	1178:1185	arg1	bleeding					1150:1157	bleeding	1150:1157	bleeding	1150:1157	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	6	58	with	%	1416:1416	arg1	differences					1456:1466	no significant differences	1441:1466	no significant differences between groups (P=0.628)	1441:1491	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	58	with	%	1416:1416	arg1	bivalirudin					1423:1433	bivalirudin	1423:1433	bivalirudin	1423:1433	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	58	with	%	1416:1416	arg1	enoxaparin					1398:1407	enoxaparin	1398:1407	enoxaparin	1398:1407	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	58	with	%	1416:1416	arg1	UFH					1383:1385	UFH	1383:1385	UFH	1383:1385	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	9	59	theme	in-hospital	1829:1839	arg1	MACE					1841:1844	in-hospital MACE	1829:1844	in-hospital MACE	1829:1844	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	0	60	theme	percutaneous	134:145	arg1	intervention					156:167	primary percutaneous coronary intervention	126:167	primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	126:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	4	61	theme	main	947:950	arg1	outcomes					952:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	61	theme	main	947:950	arg1	events					1007:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events	966:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis)	966:1126	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	9	62	theme	prospective	1753:1763	arg1	registry					1765:1772	this prospective registry	1748:1772	this prospective registry	1748:1772	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	1	63	dep	BACKGROUND	250:259	arg1	studies					278:284	numerous studies	269:284	numerous studies in recent years	269:300	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	5	64	from	bivalirudin	1306:1316	arg1	137 patients					1321:1332	137 patients	1321:1332	137 patients (8.0%)	1321:1339	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	5	64	from	bivalirudin	1306:1316	arg1	%					1338:1338	8.0%	1335:1338	8.0%	1335:1338	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	5	64	from	bivalirudin	1306:1316	arg1	patients					1293:1300	1163 (67.6%) patients	1280:1300	1163 (67.6%) patients	1280:1300	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	5	64	from	bivalirudin	1306:1316	arg1	%					1290:1290	67.6%	1286:1290	67.6%	1286:1290	RESULTS UFH was administered in 420 (24.4%) patients, enoxaparin in 1163 (67.6%) patients and bivalirudin in 137 patients (8.0%).
27818120	9	65	theme	bleeding	1855:1862	arg1	rates					1820:1824	the rates	1816:1824	the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH	1816:1898	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	65	theme	bleeding	1855:1862	arg1	bivalirudin					1915:1925	bivalirudin	1915:1925	bivalirudin	1915:1925	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	9	65	theme	bleeding	1855:1862	arg1	enoxaparin					1901:1910	enoxaparin	1901:1910	enoxaparin	1901:1910	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	0	66	theme	ST-segment	173:182	arg1	infarction					205:214	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	173:214	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	173:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	2	67	theme	primary	621:627	arg1	PCI					629:631	primary PCI	621:631	primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)	621:686	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	7	68	from	%	1584:1584	arg1	bivalirudin					1589:1599	bivalirudin	1589:1599	bivalirudin (P=0.851)	1589:1609	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	68	from	%	1584:1584	arg1	enoxaparin					1566:1575	enoxaparin	1566:1575	enoxaparin	1566:1575	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	68	from	%	1584:1584	arg1	UFH					1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	68	from	%	1584:1584	arg1	P=0.851					1602:1608	P=0.851	1602:1608	P=0.851	1602:1608	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	9	69	theme	prehospital	1870:1880	arg1	initiation					1882:1891	prehospital initiation	1870:1891	prehospital initiation of UFH	1870:1898	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	3	70	theme	prospective	785:795	arg1	registry					797:804	a prospective registry	783:804	a prospective registry	783:804	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	0	71	theme	myocardial	194:203	arg1	infarction					205:214	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	173:214	ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction	173:214	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	3	72	theme	primary	903:909	arg1	PCI					911:913	primary PCI	903:913	primary PCI	903:913	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	2	73	theme	inhibitors	547:556	arg1	bivalirudin					586:596	bivalirudin	586:596	bivalirudin	586:596	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	73	theme	inhibitors	547:556	arg1	administration					469:482	prehospital administration	457:482	prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs)	457:563	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	73	theme	inhibitors	547:556	arg1	enoxaparin±GPIs					566:580	enoxaparin±GPIs	566:580	enoxaparin±GPIs	566:580	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	6	74	theme	in-hospital	1351:1361	arg1	MACE					1363:1366	in-hospital MACE	1351:1366	in-hospital MACE	1351:1366	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	3	75	theme	intensive	875:883	arg1	units					890:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	8	76	theme	MACE	1710:1713	arg1	anticoagulant					1655:1667	the prehospital anticoagulant	1639:1667	the prehospital anticoagulant used	1639:1672	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	8	76	theme	MACE	1710:1713	arg1	predictor					1697:1705	an independent predictor	1682:1705	an independent predictor of MACE	1682:1713	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	4	77	theme	major	978:982	arg1	outcomes					952:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	77	theme	major	978:982	arg1	events					1007:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events	966:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis)	966:1126	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	77	theme	major	978:982	arg1	MACE					1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	8	78	theme	prehospital	1643:1653	arg1	anticoagulant					1655:1667	the prehospital anticoagulant	1639:1667	the prehospital anticoagulant used	1639:1672	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	8	78	theme	prehospital	1643:1653	arg1	predictor					1697:1705	an independent predictor	1682:1705	an independent predictor of MACE	1682:1713	By multivariable analysis, the prehospital anticoagulant used was not an independent predictor of MACE or major bleeding.
27818120	3	79	theme	physician-staffed	850:866	arg1	units					890:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	1	80	theme	anticoagulant	312:324	arg1	option					326:331	the best anticoagulant option	303:331	the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	303:384	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	6	81	with	%	1391:1391	arg1	differences					1456:1466	no significant differences	1441:1466	no significant differences between groups (P=0.628)	1441:1491	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	81	with	%	1391:1391	arg1	bivalirudin					1423:1433	bivalirudin	1423:1433	bivalirudin	1423:1433	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	81	with	%	1391:1391	arg1	enoxaparin					1398:1407	enoxaparin	1398:1407	enoxaparin	1398:1407	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	6	81	with	%	1391:1391	arg1	UFH					1383:1385	UFH	1383:1385	UFH	1383:1385	Rates of in-hospital MACE were 7.4% with UFH, 6.0% with enoxaparin and 6.6% with bivalirudin, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.628).
27818120	4	82	theme	cardiovascular	992:1005	arg1	outcomes					952:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes	943:959	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	82	theme	cardiovascular	992:1005	arg1	events					1007:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events	966:1012	in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis)	966:1126	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	82	theme	cardiovascular	992:1005	arg1	MACE					1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	MACE	1015:1018	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	7	83	from	%	1561:1561	arg1	bivalirudin					1589:1599	bivalirudin	1589:1599	bivalirudin (P=0.851)	1589:1609	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	83	from	%	1561:1561	arg1	enoxaparin					1566:1575	enoxaparin	1566:1575	enoxaparin	1566:1575	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	83	from	%	1561:1561	arg1	UFH					1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	UFH	1553:1555	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	7	83	from	%	1561:1561	arg1	P=0.851					1602:1608	P=0.851	1602:1608	P=0.851	1602:1608	In-hospital major bleeding occurred in 1.7% of patients on UFH, 1.4% on enoxaparin and 1.5% on bivalirudin (P=0.851).
27818120	4	84	theme	mortality	1047:1055	arg1	composite					1024:1032	a composite	1022:1032	a composite of all-cause mortality	1022:1055	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	84	theme	mortality	1047:1055	arg1	mortality					1047:1055	all-cause mortality	1037:1055	all-cause mortality	1037:1055	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	9	85	theme	primary	1950:1956	arg1	PCI					1958:1960	primary PCI	1950:1960	primary PCI for STEMI	1950:1970	CONCLUSION In this prospective registry, there were no significant differences in the rates of in-hospital MACE or major bleeding after prehospital initiation of UFH, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients treated by primary PCI for STEMI.
27818120	1	86	theme	best	307:310	arg1	option					326:331	the best anticoagulant option	303:331	the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	303:384	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	4	87	dep	events	1007:1012	arg1	composite					1024:1032	a composite	1022:1032	a composite of all-cause mortality	1022:1055	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	4	87	dep	events	1007:1012	arg1	mortality					1047:1055	all-cause mortality	1037:1055	all-cause mortality	1037:1055	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	2	88	theme	prehospital	457:467	arg1	administration					469:482	prehospital administration	457:482	prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs)	457:563	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	0	89	theme	administration	35:48	arg1	safety					13:18	safety	13:18	safety	13:18	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	0	89	theme	administration	35:48	arg1	Efficacy					0:7	Efficacy	0:7	Efficacy	0:7	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	0	90	theme	unfractionated	53:66	arg1	heparin					68:74	unfractionated heparin	53:74	unfractionated heparin	53:74	Efficacy and safety of prehospital administration of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from the ORBI registry.
27818120	1	91	theme	primary	337:343	arg1	PCI					381:383	PCI	381:383	PCI	381:383	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	1	91	theme	primary	337:343	arg1	intervention					367:378	primary percutaneous coronary intervention	337:378	primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	337:384	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	2	92	theme	unfractionated	496:509	arg1	heparin					511:517	low-dose unfractionated heparin	487:517	low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs)	487:563	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	2	92	theme	unfractionated	496:509	arg1	UFH					520:522	UFH	520:522	UFH	520:522	AIMS To compare in-hospital outcomes after prehospital administration of low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)±glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs), enoxaparin±GPIs, or bivalirudin in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
27818120	1	93	theme	coronary	358:365	arg1	PCI					381:383	PCI	381:383	PCI	381:383	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	1	93	theme	coronary	358:365	arg1	intervention					367:378	primary percutaneous coronary intervention	337:378	primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	337:384	BACKGROUND Despite numerous studies in recent years, the best anticoagulant option for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a matter of debate.
27818120	4	94	theme	definite	1101:1108	arg1	thrombosis					1116:1125	definite stent thrombosis	1101:1125	definite stent thrombosis	1101:1125	The main outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (a composite of all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or definite stent thrombosis) and in-hospital major bleeding (Bleeding academic research consortium type 3 or 5).
27818120	3	95	from	anticoagulant	833:845	arg1	units					890:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	physician-staffed mobile intensive care units	850:894	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	3	96	dep	1720 patients	708:720	arg1	male					752:755	79.2% male	746:755	79.2% male	746:755	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	3	96	dep	1720 patients	708:720	arg1	62.0 years					734:743	median age 62.0 years	723:743	median age 62.0 years	723:743	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27818120	3	97	dep	METHODS	689:695	arg1	total					699:703	A total	697:703	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI	689:913	METHODS A total of 1720 patients (median age 62.0 years, 79.2% male) who had been enrolled in a prospective registry and received an injectable anticoagulant in physician-staffed mobile intensive care units before primary PCI were included in the study.
27010744	11	0	from	studies	1828:1834	arg1	changes					1852:1858	carbohydrate changes	1839:1858	carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia	1839:1895	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	10	1	theme	cell	1739:1742	arg1	composition					1749:1759	cell wall composition	1739:1759	cell wall composition	1739:1759	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	1	2	theme	climate	248:254	arg1	changes					256:262	climate changes	248:262	climate changes	248:262	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	13	3	from	changes	2182:2188	arg1	apparatus					2212:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	3	4	theme	flooding	552:559	arg1	tolerance					561:569	flooding tolerance	552:569	flooding tolerance	552:569	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	12	5	theme	changes	2035:2041	arg1	different					2097:2105	different	2097:2105	different	2097:2105	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding were different, indicating separate control mechanisms of these responses.
27010744	12	5	theme	changes	2035:2041	arg1	patterns					2023:2030	The patterns	2019:2030	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding	2019:2090	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding were different, indicating separate control mechanisms of these responses.
27010744	0	6	theme	distinct	199:206	arg1	resistances					223:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	8	7	from	metabolism	1523:1532	arg1	leaves					1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	8	dep	activity	1413:1420	arg1	flux					1430:1433	energy flux	1423:1433	energy flux for electron transport	1423:1456	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	4	9	theme	Snow	700:703	arg1	plants					764:769	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants	700:769	plants	764:769	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	0	10	theme	snow	213:216	arg1	resistances					223:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	3	11	theme	mold	580:583	arg1	resistance					585:594	snow mold resistance	575:594	snow mold resistance	575:594	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	0	12	theme	high-temperature	121:136	arg1	flooding					138:145	high-temperature flooding	121:145	high-temperature flooding	121:145	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	7	13	theme	susceptible	1269:1279	arg1	ones					1281:1284	the susceptible ones	1265:1284	the susceptible ones	1265:1284	During flooding, the level of soluble carbohydrates increased in the resistant plants and decreased in the susceptible ones.
27010744	6	14	theme	resistant	985:993	arg1	plants					995:1000	The resistant plants	981:1000	The resistant plants	981:1000	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	8	15	theme	lower	1462:1466	arg1	rate					1468:1471	a lower rate	1460:1471	a lower rate of starch degradation	1460:1493	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	16	theme	resistant	1304:1312	arg1	line					1314:1317	resistant line	1304:1317	resistant line	1304:1317	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	11	17	theme	carbohydrate	1839:1850	arg1	changes					1852:1858	carbohydrate changes	1839:1858	carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia	1839:1895	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	0	18	theme	winter	160:165	arg1	rye					167:169	winter rye	160:169	winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances	160:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	0	18	theme	winter	160:165	arg1	cereale					179:185	Secale cereale	172:185	Secale cereale	172:185	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	5	19	theme	changes	949:955	arg1	role					928:931	a possible role	917:931	a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance	917:978	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	8	20	theme	degradation	1483:1493	arg1	rate					1375:1378	the energy dissipation rate	1352:1378	the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1352:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	20	theme	degradation	1483:1493	arg1	rate					1468:1471	a lower rate	1460:1471	a lower rate of starch degradation	1460:1493	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	20	theme	degradation	1483:1493	arg1	rates					1506:1510	higher rates	1499:1510	higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves	1499:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	12	21	theme	control	2128:2134	arg1	mechanisms					2136:2145	separate control mechanisms	2119:2145	separate control mechanisms of these responses	2119:2164	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding were different, indicating separate control mechanisms of these responses.
27010744	3	22	theme	efficiency	640:649	arg1	regulation					611:620	the regulation	607:620	the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism	607:677	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	5	23	theme	snow	960:963	arg1	tolerance					970:978	snow mold tolerance	960:978	snow mold tolerance	960:978	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	6	24	theme	low	1053:1055	arg1	temperature					1057:1067	low temperature	1053:1067	low temperature	1053:1067	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	8	25	theme	higher	1499:1504	arg1	rates					1506:1510	higher rates	1499:1510	higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves	1499:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	13	26	theme	photosynthetic	2197:2210	arg1	apparatus					2212:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	11	27	theme	wall	1999:2002	arg1	carbohydrates					2004:2016	cell wall carbohydrates	1994:2016	cell wall carbohydrates	1994:2016	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	8	28	from	increase	1292:1299	arg1	line					1314:1317	resistant line	1304:1317	resistant line	1304:1317	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	11	29	from	alterations	1929:1939	arg1	carbohydrates					1970:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	4	30	theme	winter	736:741	arg1	rye					743:745	winter rye	736:745	winter rye (Secale cereale)	736:762	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	4	30	theme	winter	736:741	arg1	cereale					755:761	Secale cereale	748:761	Secale cereale	748:761	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	0	31	theme	partitioning	84:95	arg1	regulation					27:36	the regulation	23:36	the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding	23:145	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	1	32	theme	environmental	336:348	arg1	conditions					350:359	unfavorable environmental conditions	324:359	unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost	324:376	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	9	33	theme	resistant	1549:1557	arg1	lines					1559:1563	The resistant lines	1545:1563	The resistant lines	1545:1563	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	6	34	theme	PSII	1030:1033	arg1	yields					1043:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	8	35	theme	metabolism	1523:1532	arg1	rate					1375:1378	the energy dissipation rate	1352:1378	the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1352:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	35	theme	metabolism	1523:1532	arg1	rate					1468:1471	a lower rate	1460:1471	a lower rate of starch degradation	1460:1493	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	35	theme	metabolism	1523:1532	arg1	rates					1506:1510	higher rates	1499:1510	higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves	1499:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	6	36	from	temperature	1057:1067	arg1	yields					1043:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	8	37	theme	dissipation	1363:1373	arg1	rate					1375:1378	the energy dissipation rate	1352:1378	the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1352:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	7	38	theme	resistant	1231:1239	arg1	plants					1241:1246	the resistant plants	1227:1246	the resistant plants	1227:1246	During flooding, the level of soluble carbohydrates increased in the resistant plants and decreased in the susceptible ones.
27010744	0	39	dep	low-	112:115	arg1	response					100:107	response	100:107	response	100:107	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	12	40	theme	separate	2119:2126	arg1	mechanisms					2136:2145	separate control mechanisms	2119:2145	separate control mechanisms of these responses	2119:2164	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding were different, indicating separate control mechanisms of these responses.
27010744	11	41	theme	storage	1962:1968	arg1	carbohydrates					1970:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	0	42	with	lines	188:192	arg1	resistances					223:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	8	43	theme	photosynthetic	1398:1411	arg1	activity					1413:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity	1383:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1383:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	7	44	theme	carbohydrates	1200:1212	arg1	level					1183:1187	the level	1179:1187	the level of soluble carbohydrates	1179:1212	During flooding, the level of soluble carbohydrates increased in the resistant plants and decreased in the susceptible ones.
27010744	1	45	theme	global	268:273	arg1	warming					275:281	global warming	268:281	global warming	268:281	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	8	46	from	decrease	1340:1347	arg1	rate					1375:1378	the energy dissipation rate	1352:1378	the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1352:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	46	from	decrease	1340:1347	arg1	rate					1468:1471	a lower rate	1460:1471	a lower rate of starch degradation	1460:1493	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	46	from	decrease	1340:1347	arg1	rates					1506:1510	higher rates	1499:1510	higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves	1499:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	9	47	theme	total	1595:1599	arg1	carbohydrates					1609:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	6	48	theme	higher	1089:1094	arg1	flux					1103:1106	much higher energy flux	1084:1106	much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center	1084:1159	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	9	49	theme	carbohydrates	1609:1621	arg1	amounts					1584:1590	larger amounts	1577:1590	larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates	1577:1621	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	9	49	theme	carbohydrates	1609:1621	arg1	carbohydrates					1609:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	2	50	theme	melting	413:419	arg1	snow					421:424	melting snow	413:424	melting snow	413:424	These could include flooding from melting snow and/or rain, coincident with fungal diseases.
27010744	13	51	theme	cell	2247:2250	arg1	wall					2252:2255	cell wall	2247:2255	cell wall	2247:2255	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	13	52	from	accumulation	2230:2241	arg1	apparatus					2212:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	3	53	theme	carbohydrate	655:666	arg1	metabolism					668:677	carbohydrate metabolism	655:677	carbohydrate metabolism	655:677	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	8	54	theme	electron	1439:1446	arg1	transport					1448:1456	electron transport	1439:1456	electron transport	1439:1456	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	55	from	leaves	1537:1542	arg1	rate					1375:1378	the energy dissipation rate	1352:1378	the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1352:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	55	from	leaves	1537:1542	arg1	rate					1468:1471	a lower rate	1460:1471	a lower rate of starch degradation	1460:1493	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	55	from	leaves	1537:1542	arg1	rates					1506:1510	higher rates	1499:1510	higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves	1499:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	13	56	theme	carbohydrate	2257:2268	arg1	accumulation					2270:2281	carbohydrate accumulation	2257:2281	carbohydrate accumulation	2257:2281	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	4	57	theme	response	828:835	arg1	patterns					816:823	considerably different patterns	793:823	considerably different patterns of response to flooding	793:847	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	6	58	from	center	1154:1159	arg1	flux					1103:1106	much higher energy flux	1084:1106	much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center	1084:1159	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	10	59	theme	more	1723:1726	arg1	sugars					1728:1733	more sugars	1723:1733	more sugars	1723:1733	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	8	60	from	rate	1375:1378	arg1	activity					1413:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity	1383:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1383:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	60	from	rate	1375:1378	arg1	leaves					1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	6	61	theme	PSII	1140:1143	arg1	center					1154:1159	the PSII reaction center	1136:1159	the PSII reaction center	1136:1159	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	13	62	dep	changes	2182:2188	arg1	accumulation					2270:2281	carbohydrate accumulation	2257:2281	carbohydrate accumulation	2257:2281	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	10	63	theme	wall	1744:1747	arg1	composition					1749:1759	cell wall composition	1739:1759	cell wall composition	1739:1759	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	6	64	theme	energy	1112:1117	arg1	dissipation					1119:1129	energy dissipation	1112:1129	energy dissipation	1112:1129	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	1	65	theme	changes	256:262	arg1	terms					239:243	terms	239:243	terms of climate changes and global warming	239:281	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	0	66	theme	pink	208:211	arg1	resistances					223:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	3	67	theme	common	531:536	arg1	mechanisms					538:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	0	68	theme	photosynthetic	41:54	arg1	efficiency					56:65	photosynthetic efficiency	41:65	photosynthetic efficiency	41:65	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	11	69	from	carbohydrates	2004:2016	arg1	carbohydrates					1970:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	0	70	theme	mold	218:221	arg1	resistances					223:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	distinct pink snow mold resistances	199:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	3	71	theme	snow	575:578	arg1	resistance					585:594	snow mold resistance	575:594	snow mold resistance	575:594	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	3	72	theme	tolerance	561:569	arg1	mechanisms					538:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	5	73	theme	low	884:886	arg1	temperature					888:898	low temperature	884:898	low temperature	884:898	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	8	74	theme	starch	1476:1481	arg1	degradation					1483:1493	starch degradation	1476:1493	starch degradation	1476:1493	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	9	75	dep	the	1645:1647	arg1	leaves					1649:1654	leaves	1649:1654	leaves	1649:1654	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	0	76	theme	rye	167:169	arg1	lines					188:192	winter rye (Secale cereale) lines	160:192	winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances	160:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	3	77	theme	resistance	585:594	arg1	mechanisms					538:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	5	78	theme	observed	940:947	arg1	changes					949:955	the observed changes	936:955	the observed changes	936:955	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	4	79	theme	rye	743:745	arg1	plants					764:769	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants	700:769	plants	764:769	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	0	80	theme	Secale	172:177	arg1	rye					167:169	winter rye	160:169	winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances	160:233	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	0	80	theme	Secale	172:177	arg1	cereale					179:185	Secale cereale	172:185	Secale cereale	172:185	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	3	81	theme	photosynthetic	625:638	arg1	efficiency					640:649	photosynthetic efficiency	625:649	photosynthetic efficiency	625:649	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	2	82	with	coincident	439:448	arg1	diseases					462:469	fungal diseases	455:469	fungal diseases	455:469	These could include flooding from melting snow and/or rain, coincident with fungal diseases.
27010744	4	83	theme	Secale	748:753	arg1	rye					743:745	winter rye	736:745	winter rye (Secale cereale)	736:762	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	4	83	theme	Secale	748:753	arg1	cereale					755:761	Secale cereale	748:761	Secale cereale	748:761	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	0	84	theme	carbohydrate	71:82	arg1	partitioning					84:95	carbohydrate partitioning	71:95	carbohydrate partitioning	71:95	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	11	85	theme	cell	1994:1997	arg1	carbohydrates					2004:2016	cell wall carbohydrates	1994:2016	cell wall carbohydrates	1994:2016	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	5	86	theme	possible	919:926	arg1	role					928:931	a possible role	917:931	a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance	917:978	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	8	87	theme	sucrose	1515:1521	arg1	metabolism					1523:1532	sucrose metabolism	1515:1532	sucrose metabolism in leaves	1515:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	4	88	theme	mold-resistant	705:718	arg1	plants					764:769	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants	700:769	plants	764:769	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	8	89	from	rate	1468:1471	arg1	activity					1413:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity	1383:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1383:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	89	from	rate	1468:1471	arg1	leaves					1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	1	90	theme	unfavorable	324:334	arg1	conditions					350:359	unfavorable environmental conditions	324:359	unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost	324:376	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	6	91	theme	quantum	1035:1041	arg1	yields					1043:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	10	92	dep	the	1770:1772	arg1	leaves					1774:1779	leaves	1774:1779	leaves	1774:1779	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	8	93	from	rates	1506:1510	arg1	activity					1413:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity	1383:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1383:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	8	93	from	rates	1506:1510	arg1	leaves					1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	leaves	1537:1542	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	6	94	theme	lower	1024:1028	arg1	yields					1043:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	lower PSII quantum yields	1024:1048	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	13	95	from	wall	2252:2255	arg1	apparatus					2212:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	the photosynthetic apparatus	2193:2220	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	8	96	theme	energy	1356:1361	arg1	rate					1375:1378	the energy dissipation rate	1352:1378	the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1352:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	5	97	from	role	928:931	arg1	tolerance					970:978	snow mold tolerance	960:978	snow mold tolerance	960:978	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	9	98	theme	larger	1577:1582	arg1	amounts					1584:1590	larger amounts	1577:1590	larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates	1577:1621	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	9	98	theme	larger	1577:1582	arg1	carbohydrates					1609:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	4	99	theme	different	806:814	arg1	patterns					816:823	considerably different patterns	793:823	considerably different patterns of response to flooding	793:847	Snow mold-resistant and susceptible winter rye (Secale cereale) plants were characterized by considerably different patterns of response to flooding.
27010744	10	100	theme	flooding	1673:1680	arg1	treatment					1682:1690	flooding treatment	1673:1690	flooding treatment	1673:1690	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	7	101	theme	soluble	1192:1198	arg1	carbohydrates					1200:1212	soluble carbohydrates	1192:1212	soluble carbohydrates	1192:1212	During flooding, the level of soluble carbohydrates increased in the resistant plants and decreased in the susceptible ones.
27010744	5	102	theme	mold	965:968	arg1	tolerance					970:978	snow mold tolerance	960:978	snow mold tolerance	960:978	These differences were clearer at low temperature, thus confirming a possible role of the observed changes in snow mold tolerance.
27010744	6	103	theme	energy	1096:1101	arg1	flux					1103:1106	much higher energy flux	1084:1106	much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center	1084:1159	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	11	104	from	temperatures	1867:1878	arg1	changes					1852:1858	carbohydrate changes	1839:1858	carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia	1839:1895	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	8	105	theme	PSII/increased	1383:1396	arg1	activity					1413:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity	1383:1420	PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport)	1383:1457	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	1	106	theme	warming	275:281	arg1	terms					239:243	terms	239:243	terms of climate changes and global warming	239:281	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	9	107	theme	soluble	1601:1607	arg1	carbohydrates					1609:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	total soluble carbohydrates	1595:1621	The resistant lines accumulated larger amounts of total soluble carbohydrates in the crowns than in the leaves.
27010744	3	108	theme	metabolism	668:677	arg1	regulation					611:620	the regulation	607:620	the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism	607:677	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	10	109	theme	resistant	1697:1705	arg1	lines					1707:1711	the resistant lines	1693:1711	the resistant lines	1693:1711	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	1	110	theme	winter	284:289	arg1	hardiness					291:299	winter hardiness	284:299	winter hardiness	284:299	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	12	111	theme	responses	2156:2164	arg1	mechanisms					2136:2145	separate control mechanisms	2119:2145	separate control mechanisms of these responses	2119:2164	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding were different, indicating separate control mechanisms of these responses.
27010744	12	112	theme	high-temperature	2066:2081	arg1	flooding					2083:2090	high-temperature flooding	2066:2090	high-temperature flooding	2066:2090	The patterns of changes observed after low and high-temperature flooding were different, indicating separate control mechanisms of these responses.
27010744	8	113	theme	energy	1423:1428	arg1	flux					1430:1433	energy flux	1423:1433	energy flux for electron transport	1423:1456	Thus increase in resistant line was connected with a decrease in the energy dissipation rate in PSII/increased photosynthetic activity (energy flux for electron transport), a lower rate of starch degradation and higher rates of sucrose metabolism in leaves.
27010744	11	114	theme	water-soluble	1944:1956	arg1	carbohydrates					1970:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	water-soluble and storage carbohydrates	1944:1982	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	0	115	theme	efficiency	56:65	arg1	regulation					27:36	the regulation	23:36	the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding	23:145	Mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate partitioning in response to low- and high-temperature flooding triggered in winter rye (Secale cereale) lines with distinct pink snow mold resistances.
27010744	2	116	theme	fungal	455:460	arg1	diseases					462:469	fungal diseases	455:469	fungal diseases	455:469	These could include flooding from melting snow and/or rain, coincident with fungal diseases.
27010744	1	117	dep	other	361:365	arg1	than					367:370	than	367:370	than	367:370	In terms of climate changes and global warming, winter hardiness could be determined by unfavorable environmental conditions other than frost.
27010744	6	118	theme	reaction	1145:1152	arg1	center					1154:1159	the PSII reaction center	1136:1159	the PSII reaction center	1136:1159	The resistant plants were characterized by lower PSII quantum yields at low temperature, combined with much higher energy flux for energy dissipation from the PSII reaction center.
27010744	10	119	dep	composition	1749:1759	arg1	both					1762:1765	both	1762:1765	both	1762:1765	Irrespective of flooding treatment, the resistant lines allocated more sugars for cell wall composition, both in the leaves and crowns.
27010744	3	120	theme	low	682:684	arg1	temperatures					686:697	low temperatures	682:697	low temperatures	682:697	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
27010744	11	121	theme	low	1863:1865	arg1	temperatures					1867:1878	low temperatures	1863:1878	low temperatures	1863:1878	Our results clearly indicated that studies on carbohydrate changes at low temperatures or during anoxia should investigate not only the alterations in water-soluble and storage carbohydrates, but also cell wall carbohydrates.
27010744	13	122	theme	starch	2223:2228	arg1	accumulation					2230:2241	starch accumulation	2223:2241	starch accumulation	2223:2241	These included changes in the photosynthetic apparatus, starch accumulation and cell wall carbohydrate accumulation.
27010744	3	123	theme	potential	521:529	arg1	mechanisms					538:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	potential common mechanisms	521:547	Therefore, we designed an experiment to identify potential common mechanisms of flooding tolerance and snow mold resistance, involving the regulation of photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate metabolism at low temperatures.
28708852	6	0	theme	starch	892:897	arg1	metabolism					899:908	starch metabolism	892:908	starch metabolism	892:908	Interestingly, starch metabolism was found to be impaired in a tissue-specific manner.
28708852	12	1	from	alterations	1751:1761	arg1	structure/degradation					1773:1793	starch structure/degradation	1766:1793	starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers	1766:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	3	2	theme	transgenic	462:471	arg1	plants					480:485	transgenic potato plants	462:485	transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases	462:551	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	3	3	with	plants	480:485	arg1	expression					517:526	simultaneously decreased expression	492:526	simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases	492:551	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	8	4	theme	starch	1142:1147	arg1	granules					1149:1156	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	4	theme	starch	1142:1147	arg1	content					1185:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	4	theme	starch	1142:1147	arg1	size					1158:1161	size	1158:1161	size	1158:1161	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	5	theme	hexose	1207:1212	arg1	levels					1214:1219	decreased hexose levels	1197:1219	decreased hexose levels	1197:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	11	6	theme	granules	1623:1630	arg1	number					1600:1605	the increased number	1586:1605	the increased number of small starch granules	1586:1630	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	11	7	theme	sucrose	1536:1542	arg1	levels					1544:1549	high sucrose levels	1531:1549	high sucrose levels	1531:1549	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	9	8	theme	length	1288:1293	arg1	composition					1295:1305	chain length composition	1282:1305	chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1282:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	4	9	theme	RNA	654:656	arg1	expression					628:637	Constitutive expression	615:637	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter	615:684	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	3	10	theme	isoamylases	541:551	arg1	expression					517:526	simultaneously decreased expression	492:526	simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases	492:551	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	12	11	with	structure/degradation	1773:1793	arg1	processes					1814:1822	developmental processes	1800:1822	developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers	1800:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	8	12	theme	sucrose	1177:1183	arg1	granules					1149:1156	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	12	theme	sucrose	1177:1183	arg1	content					1185:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	0	13	theme	starch	115:120	arg1	content					122:128	decreased starch content	105:128	decreased starch content	105:128	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	3	14	theme	RNAi	570:573	arg1	construct					575:583	a chimeric RNAi construct	559:583	a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms	559:612	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	5	15	theme	tuber	814:818	arg1	yield					820:824	tuber yield	814:824	tuber yield	814:824	Neither plant growth nor tuber yield was effected in isoamylase-deficient potato lines.
28708852	12	16	from	activation	1838:1847	arg1	tubers					1880:1885	potato tubers	1873:1885	potato tubers	1873:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	7	17	theme	starch	975:980	arg1	content					982:988	leaf starch content	970:988	leaf starch content	970:988	While leaf starch content was unaffected, tuber starch was significantly reduced.
28708852	4	18	theme	efficient	698:706	arg1	silencing					708:716	efficient silencing	698:716	efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers	698:786	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	7	19	theme	tuber	1006:1010	arg1	starch					1012:1017	tuber starch	1006:1017	tuber starch	1006:1017	While leaf starch content was unaffected, tuber starch was significantly reduced.
28708852	9	20	theme	granule	1245:1251	arg1	size					1253:1256	granule size	1245:1256	granule size	1245:1256	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	5	21	theme	potato	863:868	arg1	lines					870:874	isoamylase-deficient potato lines	842:874	isoamylase-deficient potato lines	842:874	Neither plant growth nor tuber yield was effected in isoamylase-deficient potato lines.
28708852	8	22	from	reduction	1050:1058	arg1	content					1076:1082	tuber starch content	1063:1082	tuber starch content in the transgenic plants	1063:1107	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	0	23	theme	early	137:141	arg1	phenotype					153:161	an early sprouting phenotype	134:161	an early sprouting phenotype	134:161	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	4	24	theme	CaMV	672:675	arg1	promoter					677:684	the 35S CaMV promoter	664:684	the 35S CaMV promoter	664:684	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	0	25	theme	multi-target	61:72	arg1	RNAi					74:77	multi-target RNAi	61:77	multi-target RNAi	61:77	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	10	26	theme	sprouting	1405:1413	arg1	phenotype					1415:1423	an early sprouting phenotype	1396:1423	an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1396:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	11	27	theme	sucrose	1719:1725	arg1	synthesis					1706:1714	a more rapid synthesis	1693:1714	a more rapid synthesis of sucrose	1693:1725	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	9	28	theme	little	1264:1269	arg1	changes					1271:1277	only little changes	1259:1277	only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1259:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	8	29	from	content	1076:1082	arg1	plants					1102:1107	the transgenic plants	1087:1107	the transgenic plants	1087:1107	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	2	30	theme	starch	368:373	arg1	synthesis					375:383	starch synthesis	368:383	starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2)	368:399	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	0	31	theme	Simultaneous	0:11	arg1	silencing					13:21	Simultaneous silencing	0:21	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers	0:94	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	1	32	theme	starch	255:260	arg1	formation					270:278	starch granule formation	255:278	starch granule formation	255:278	Isoamylases hydrolyse (1-6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in starch and are involved in both starch granule formation and starch degradation.
28708852	10	33	theme	sucrose	1471:1477	arg1	level					1462:1466	an increased level	1449:1466	an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1449:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	12	34	theme	sprout	1853:1858	arg1	outgrowth					1860:1868	sprout outgrowth	1853:1868	sprout outgrowth	1853:1868	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	11	35	theme	glucan	1669:1674	arg1	chains					1676:1681	glucan chains	1669:1681	glucan chains	1669:1681	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	1	36	theme	starch	284:289	arg1	degradation					291:301	starch degradation	284:301	starch degradation	284:301	Isoamylases hydrolyse (1-6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in starch and are involved in both starch granule formation and starch degradation.
28708852	8	37	theme	tuber	1063:1067	arg1	content					1076:1082	tuber starch content	1063:1082	tuber starch content in the transgenic plants	1063:1107	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	2	38	theme	isoamylase	321:330	arg1	isoforms					332:339	three isoamylase isoforms	315:339	three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3)	315:422	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	9	39	theme	glucose	1332:1338	arg1	polymers					1340:1347	soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1310:1347	soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1310:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	10	40	theme	parenchyma	1482:1491	arg1	cells					1493:1497	parenchyma cells	1482:1497	parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1482:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	8	41	from	decrease	1130:1137	arg1	granules					1149:1156	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	41	from	decrease	1130:1137	arg1	content					1185:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	41	from	decrease	1130:1137	arg1	size					1158:1161	size	1158:1161	size	1158:1161	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	11	42	theme	increased	1590:1598	arg1	number					1600:1605	the increased number	1586:1605	the increased number of small starch granules	1586:1630	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	3	43	theme	potato	473:478	arg1	plants					480:485	transgenic potato plants	462:485	transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases	462:551	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	12	44	theme	starch	1766:1771	arg1	structure/degradation					1773:1793	starch structure/degradation	1766:1793	starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers	1766:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	10	45	theme	outgrowing	1509:1518	arg1	bud					1520:1522	the outgrowing bud	1505:1522	the outgrowing bud	1505:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	11	46	theme	starch	1616:1621	arg1	granules					1623:1630	small starch granules	1610:1630	small starch granules	1610:1630	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	12	47	theme	potato	1873:1878	arg1	tubers					1880:1885	potato tubers	1873:1885	potato tubers	1873:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	3	48	theme	decreased	507:515	arg1	expression					517:526	simultaneously decreased expression	492:526	simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases	492:551	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	8	49	theme	decreased	1197:1205	arg1	levels					1214:1219	decreased hexose levels	1197:1219	decreased hexose levels	1197:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	6	50	theme	tissue-specific	940:954	arg1	manner					956:961	a tissue-specific manner	938:961	a tissue-specific manner	938:961	Interestingly, starch metabolism was found to be impaired in a tissue-specific manner.
28708852	2	51	from	functions	355:363	arg1	synthesis					375:383	starch synthesis	368:383	starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2)	368:399	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	2	51	from	functions	355:363	arg1	ISA3					418:421	ISA3	418:421	ISA3	418:421	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	2	51	from	functions	355:363	arg1	degradation					405:415	degradation	405:415	degradation (ISA3)	405:422	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	4	52	theme	hairpin	646:652	arg1	RNA					654:656	the hairpin RNA	642:656	the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter	642:684	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	0	53	theme	decreased	105:113	arg1	content					122:128	decreased starch content	105:128	decreased starch content	105:128	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	10	54	theme	transgenic	1368:1377	arg1	tubers					1379:1384	The transgenic tubers	1364:1384	The transgenic tubers	1364:1384	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	5	55	theme	plant	797:801	arg1	growth					803:808	plant growth	797:808	plant growth	797:808	Neither plant growth nor tuber yield was effected in isoamylase-deficient potato lines.
28708852	9	56	from	changes	1271:1277	arg1	composition					1295:1305	chain length composition	1282:1305	chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1282:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	12	57	from	outgrowth	1860:1868	arg1	tubers					1880:1885	potato tubers	1873:1885	potato tubers	1873:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	3	58	theme	chimeric	561:568	arg1	construct					575:583	a chimeric RNAi construct	559:583	a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms	559:612	Here, we created transgenic potato plants with simultaneously decreased expression of all three isoamylases using a chimeric RNAi construct targeting all three isoforms.
28708852	8	59	theme	increased	1167:1175	arg1	granules					1149:1156	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	59	theme	increased	1167:1175	arg1	content					1185:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	4	60	theme	Constitutive	615:626	arg1	expression					628:637	Constitutive expression	615:637	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter	615:684	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	11	61	theme	high	1531:1534	arg1	levels					1544:1549	high sucrose levels	1531:1549	high sucrose levels	1531:1549	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	0	62	theme	sprouting	143:151	arg1	phenotype					153:161	an early sprouting phenotype	134:161	an early sprouting phenotype	134:161	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	10	63	from	level	1462:1466	arg1	cells					1493:1497	parenchyma cells	1482:1497	parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1482:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	7	64	theme	leaf	970:973	arg1	content					982:988	leaf starch content	970:988	leaf starch content	970:988	While leaf starch content was unaffected, tuber starch was significantly reduced.
28708852	5	65	theme	isoamylase-deficient	842:861	arg1	lines					870:874	isoamylase-deficient potato lines	842:874	isoamylase-deficient potato lines	842:874	Neither plant growth nor tuber yield was effected in isoamylase-deficient potato lines.
28708852	10	66	from	sucrose	1471:1477	arg1	cells					1493:1497	parenchyma cells	1482:1497	parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1482:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	11	67	theme	rapid	1700:1704	arg1	synthesis					1706:1714	a more rapid synthesis	1693:1714	a more rapid synthesis of sucrose	1693:1725	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	0	68	from	silencing	13:21	arg1	tubers					89:94	potato tubers	82:94	potato tubers	82:94	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	4	69	theme	35S	668:670	arg1	promoter					677:684	the 35S CaMV promoter	664:684	the 35S CaMV promoter	664:684	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	0	70	theme	potato	82:87	arg1	tubers					89:94	potato tubers	82:94	potato tubers	82:94	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	10	71	theme	early	1399:1403	arg1	phenotype					1415:1423	an early sprouting phenotype	1396:1423	an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1396:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	4	72	theme	isoforms	731:738	arg1	silencing					708:716	efficient silencing	698:716	efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers	698:786	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	10	73	from	cells	1493:1497	arg1	level					1462:1466	an increased level	1449:1466	an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1449:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	9	74	theme	chain	1282:1286	arg1	composition					1295:1305	chain length composition	1282:1305	chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1282:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	0	75	theme	isoamylases	26:36	arg1	silencing					13:21	Simultaneous silencing	0:21	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers	0:94	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	1	76	theme	granule	262:268	arg1	formation					270:278	starch granule formation	255:278	starch granule formation	255:278	Isoamylases hydrolyse (1-6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in starch and are involved in both starch granule formation and starch degradation.
28708852	4	77	from	silencing	708:716	arg1	tubers					781:786	sprouting tubers	771:786	sprouting tubers	771:786	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	4	77	from	silencing	708:716	arg1	leaves					743:748	leaves	743:748	leaves	743:748	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	4	77	from	silencing	708:716	arg1	tubers					759:764	growing tubers	751:764	growing tubers	751:764	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	9	78	theme	soluble	1310:1316	arg1	polymers					1340:1347	soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1310:1347	soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1310:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	8	79	theme	starch	1069:1074	arg1	content					1076:1082	tuber starch content	1063:1082	tuber starch content in the transgenic plants	1063:1107	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	10	80	theme	increased	1452:1460	arg1	level					1462:1466	an increased level	1449:1466	an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud	1449:1522	The transgenic tubers displayed an early sprouting phenotype that was accompanied by an increased level of sucrose in parenchyma cells below the outgrowing bud.
28708852	11	81	theme	accelerated	1645:1655	arg1	turnover					1657:1664	an accelerated turnover	1642:1664	an accelerated turnover of glucan chains	1642:1681	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	4	82	theme	sprouting	771:779	arg1	tubers					781:786	sprouting tubers	771:786	sprouting tubers	771:786	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	9	83	theme	insoluble	1322:1330	arg1	polymers					1340:1347	soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1310:1347	soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1310:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	12	84	theme	meristem	1829:1836	arg1	activation					1838:1847	meristem activation	1829:1847	meristem activation	1829:1847	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	9	85	theme	polymers	1340:1347	arg1	composition					1295:1305	chain length composition	1282:1305	chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers	1282:1347	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	8	86	theme	transgenic	1091:1100	arg1	plants					1102:1107	the transgenic plants	1087:1107	the transgenic plants	1087:1107	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	2	87	with	isoforms	332:339	arg1	functions					355:363	distinct functions	346:363	distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3)	346:422	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	0	88	dep	isoamylases	26:36	arg1	ISA3					53:56	ISA3	53:56	ISA3	53:56	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	0	88	dep	isoamylases	26:36	arg1	isoamylases					26:36	isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3	26:56	isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3	26:56	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	0	88	dep	isoamylases	26:36	arg1	ISA2					44:47	ISA2	44:47	ISA2	44:47	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	0	88	dep	isoamylases	26:36	arg1	ISA1					38:41	ISA1	38:41	ISA1	38:41	Simultaneous silencing of isoamylases ISA1, ISA2 and ISA3 by multi-target RNAi in potato tubers leads to decreased starch content and an early sprouting phenotype.
28708852	12	89	theme	developmental	1800:1812	arg1	processes					1814:1822	developmental processes	1800:1822	developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers	1800:1885	This observation links alterations in starch structure/degradation with developmental processes like meristem activation and sprout outgrowth in potato tubers.
28708852	8	90	dep	granules	1149:1156	arg1	levels					1214:1219	decreased hexose levels	1197:1219	decreased hexose levels	1197:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	90	dep	granules	1149:1156	arg1	granules					1149:1156	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels	1142:1219	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	90	dep	granules	1149:1156	arg1	content					1185:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	an increased sucrose content	1164:1191	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	8	90	dep	granules	1149:1156	arg1	size					1158:1161	size	1158:1161	size	1158:1161	The reduction in tuber starch content in the transgenic plants was accompanied by a decrease in starch granules size, an increased sucrose content and decreased hexose levels.
28708852	11	91	theme	chains	1676:1681	arg1	turnover					1657:1664	an accelerated turnover	1642:1664	an accelerated turnover of glucan chains	1642:1681	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	4	92	theme	growing	751:757	arg1	tubers					759:764	growing tubers	751:764	growing tubers	751:764	Constitutive expression of the hairpin RNA using the 35S CaMV promoter resulted in efficient silencing of all three isoforms in leaves, growing tubers, and sprouting tubers.
28708852	9	93	from	effects	1234:1240	arg1	size					1253:1256	granule size	1245:1256	granule size	1245:1256	Despite the effects on granule size, only little changes in chain length composition of soluble and insoluble glucose polymers were detected.
28708852	1	94	theme	-alpha-D-glucosidic	191:209	arg1	linkages					211:218	(1-6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages	186:218	(1-6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages	186:218	Isoamylases hydrolyse (1-6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in starch and are involved in both starch granule formation and starch degradation.
28708852	11	95	theme	small	1610:1614	arg1	granules					1623:1630	small starch granules	1610:1630	small starch granules	1610:1630	Since high sucrose levels promote sprouting, we propose that the increased number of small starch granules may cause an accelerated turnover of glucan chains and hence a more rapid synthesis of sucrose.
28708852	2	96	dep	synthesis	375:383	arg1	ISA2					395:398	ISA2	395:398	ISA2	395:398	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	2	96	dep	synthesis	375:383	arg1	ISA1					386:389	ISA1	386:389	ISA1	386:389	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28708852	2	97	theme	distinct	346:353	arg1	functions					355:363	distinct functions	346:363	distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3)	346:422	In plants, three isoamylase isoforms with distinct functions in starch synthesis (ISA1 and ISA2) and degradation (ISA3) have been described.
28056069	8	0	theme	low	1118:1120	arg1	content					1130:1136	low amylose content	1118:1136	low amylose content	1118:1136	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	7	1	theme	starch	1091:1096	arg1	granules					1098:1105	the blue-stained starch granules	1074:1105	the blue-stained starch granules	1074:1105	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	7	2	theme	transgenic	940:949	arg1	lines					951:955	the transgenic lines	936:955	the transgenic lines of each series	936:970	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	10	3	theme	compensatory	1474:1485	arg1	response					1487:1494	a compensatory response	1472:1494	a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch	1472:1548	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	5	4	theme	starch	744:749	arg1	content					733:739	significantly higher phosphate content	702:739	significantly higher phosphate content of starch	702:749	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	9	5	theme	physico-chemical	1336:1351	arg1	properties					1353:1362	starch physico-chemical properties	1329:1362	starch physico-chemical properties	1329:1362	Principle component and correlation analysis disclosed a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties.
28056069	8	6	theme	red-stained	1199:1209	arg1	starches					1211:1218	these red-stained starches	1193:1218	these red-stained starches	1193:1218	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	6	7	theme	Modified	831:838	arg1	starches					840:847	Modified starches	831:847	Modified starches	831:847	Modified starches exhibited altered granule morphology and size compared to the control.
28056069	9	8	theme	starch	1306:1311	arg1	composition					1313:1323	starch composition	1306:1323	starch composition	1306:1323	Principle component and correlation analysis disclosed a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties.
28056069	10	9	theme	endogenous	1401:1410	arg1	genes					1412:1416	endogenous genes	1401:1416	endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism	1401:1446	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	11	10	theme	new	1573:1575	arg1	perspective					1577:1587	a new perspective	1571:1587	a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself	1571:1702	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	8	11	theme	amylose	1122:1128	arg1	content					1130:1136	low amylose content	1118:1136	low amylose content	1118:1136	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	6	12	theme	granule	867:873	arg1	morphology					875:884	altered granule morphology	859:884	altered granule morphology	859:884	Modified starches exhibited altered granule morphology and size compared to the control.
28056069	7	13	theme	blue-stained	1078:1089	arg1	granules					1098:1105	the blue-stained starch granules	1074:1105	the blue-stained starch granules	1074:1105	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	10	14	theme	genes	1412:1416	arg1	level					1392:1396	the expression level	1377:1396	the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism	1377:1446	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	1	15	theme	Phosphate	59:67	arg1	esters					69:74	Phosphate esters	59:74	Phosphate esters	59:74	Phosphate esters are responsible for valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications.
28056069	3	16	theme	human	314:318	arg1	enzyme					320:325	a human enzyme	312:325	a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain	312:409	Laforin, a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain, is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen.
28056069	3	16	theme	human	314:318	arg1	Laforin					303:309	Laforin	303:309	Laforin	303:309	Laforin, a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain, is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen.
28056069	6	17	theme	altered	859:865	arg1	morphology					875:884	altered granule morphology	859:884	altered granule morphology	859:884	Modified starches exhibited altered granule morphology and size compared to the control.
28056069	5	18	theme	genetic	805:811	arg1	background					813:822	amylose-free potato genetic background	785:822	amylose-free potato genetic background (amf)	785:828	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	5	18	theme	genetic	805:811	arg1	amf					825:827	amf	825:827	amf	825:827	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	9	19	theme	starch	1329:1334	arg1	properties					1353:1362	starch physico-chemical properties	1329:1362	starch physico-chemical properties	1329:1362	Principle component and correlation analysis disclosed a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties.
28056069	0	20	theme	Phosphate	40:48	arg1	Content					50:56	a Higher Phosphate Content	31:56	a Higher Phosphate Content	31:56	Engineering Potato Starch with a Higher Phosphate Content.
28056069	4	21	theme	phosphate	472:480	arg1	content					482:488	phosphate content	472:488	phosphate content	472:488	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	0	22	theme	Higher	33:38	arg1	Content					50:56	a Higher Phosphate Content	31:56	a Higher Phosphate Content	31:56	Engineering Potato Starch with a Higher Phosphate Content.
28056069	8	23	theme	altered	1142:1148	arg1	properties					1165:1174	altered gelatinization properties	1142:1174	altered gelatinization properties	1142:1174	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	0	24	theme	Potato	12:17	arg1	Starch					19:24	Potato Starch	12:24	Potato Starch	12:24	Engineering Potato Starch with a Higher Phosphate Content.
28056069	5	25	dep	laforin	672:678	arg1	engineered					660:669	engineered	660:669	engineered	660:669	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	7	26	theme	higher	1044:1049	arg1	content					1061:1067	higher phosphate content	1044:1067	higher phosphate content	1044:1067	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	11	27	theme	starch	1605:1610	arg1	content					1622:1628	starch phosphate content	1605:1628	starch phosphate content in planta	1605:1638	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	11	28	from	use	1650:1652	arg1	plant					1691:1695	the plant itself	1687:1702	the plant itself	1687:1702	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	7	29	with	incubation	1006:1015	arg1	iodine					1022:1027	iodine	1022:1027	iodine	1022:1027	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	8	30	theme	gelatinization	1150:1163	arg1	properties					1165:1174	altered gelatinization properties	1142:1174	altered gelatinization properties	1142:1174	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	7	31	theme	phosphate	1051:1059	arg1	content					1061:1067	higher phosphate content	1044:1067	higher phosphate content	1044:1067	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	2	32	theme	storage	287:293	arg1	starch					295:300	storage starch	287:300	storage starch	287:300	Also in the cell phosphate esters play a role in starch metabolism, which so far has not been well characterized in storage starch.
28056069	10	33	theme	starch	1430:1435	arg1	metabolism					1437:1446	starch metabolism	1430:1446	starch metabolism	1430:1446	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	1	34	theme	valuable	96:103	arg1	functionalities					116:130	valuable and unique functionalities	96:130	valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications	96:168	Phosphate esters are responsible for valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications.
28056069	4	35	theme	cultivar	609:616	arg1	Kardal					618:623	cultivar Kardal	609:623	cultivar Kardal	609:623	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	4	35	theme	cultivar	609:616	arg1	potato					601:606	potato	601:606	potato (cultivar Kardal)	601:624	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	3	36	theme	carbohydrate-binding	341:360	arg1	module					362:367	a carbohydrate-binding module	339:367	a carbohydrate-binding module	339:367	Laforin, a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain, is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen.
28056069	5	37	theme	laforin	672:678	arg1	expression					642:651	expression	642:651	expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato	642:688	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	2	38	theme	cell	183:186	arg1	esters					198:203	the cell phosphate esters	179:203	the cell phosphate esters	179:203	Also in the cell phosphate esters play a role in starch metabolism, which so far has not been well characterized in storage starch.
28056069	7	39	contain	contained	1034:1042	arg1	lines					951:955	the transgenic lines	936:955	the transgenic lines of each series	936:970	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	7	39	contain	contained	1034:1042	arg1	%					931:931	About 20-30%	920:931	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series	920:970	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	7	39	contain	contained	1034:1042	arg2	content					1061:1067	higher phosphate content	1044:1067	higher phosphate content	1044:1067	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	3	40	theme	glycogen	452:459	arg1	dephosphorylation					431:447	the dephosphorylation	427:447	the dephosphorylation of glycogen	427:459	Laforin, a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain, is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen.
28056069	3	41	theme	phosphatase	392:402	arg1	domain					404:409	a dual-specificity phosphatase domain	373:409	a dual-specificity phosphatase domain	373:409	Laforin, a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain, is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen.
28056069	4	42	theme	storage	542:548	arg1	starch					550:555	storage starch	542:555	storage starch	542:555	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	10	43	theme	phosphate	1515:1523	arg1	content					1525:1531	phosphate content	1515:1531	phosphate content	1515:1531	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	9	44	theme	Principle	1221:1229	arg1	component					1231:1239	Principle component and correlation analysis	1221:1264	component	1231:1239	Principle component and correlation analysis disclosed a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties.
28056069	11	45	theme	compensatory	1661:1672	arg1	mechanism					1674:1682	the compensatory mechanism	1657:1682	the compensatory mechanism	1657:1682	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	2	46	theme	starch	220:225	arg1	metabolism					227:236	starch metabolism	220:236	starch metabolism	220:236	Also in the cell phosphate esters play a role in starch metabolism, which so far has not been well characterized in storage starch.
28056069	5	47	theme	higher	716:721	arg1	content					733:739	significantly higher phosphate content	702:739	significantly higher phosphate content of starch	702:749	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	4	48	theme	starch	512:517	arg1	phosphorylation					523:537	starch (de)phosphorylation	512:537	starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch	512:555	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	7	49	theme	red-staining	979:990	arg1	granules					992:999	red-staining granules	979:999	red-staining granules	979:999	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	1	50	theme	unique	109:114	arg1	functionalities					116:130	valuable and unique functionalities	96:130	valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications	96:168	Phosphate esters are responsible for valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications.
28056069	3	51	theme	dual-specificity	375:390	arg1	domain					404:409	a dual-specificity phosphatase domain	373:409	a dual-specificity phosphatase domain	373:409	Laforin, a human enzyme composed of a carbohydrate-binding module and a dual-specificity phosphatase domain, is involved in the dephosphorylation of glycogen.
28056069	10	52	from	decrease	1503:1510	arg1	starch					1543:1548	potato starch	1536:1548	potato starch	1536:1548	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	11	53	theme	mechanism	1674:1682	arg1	use					1650:1652	use	1650:1652	use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself	1650:1702	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	9	54	theme	correlation	1245:1255	arg1	analysis					1257:1264	Principle component and correlation analysis	1221:1264	analysis	1257:1264	Principle component and correlation analysis disclosed a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties.
28056069	8	55	located	observed	1181:1188	arg2	content					1130:1136	low amylose content	1118:1136	low amylose content	1118:1136	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	8	55	located	observed	1181:1188	arg2	properties					1165:1174	altered gelatinization properties	1142:1174	altered gelatinization properties	1142:1174	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	8	55	located	observed	1181:1188	arg1	starches					1211:1218	these red-stained starches	1193:1218	these red-stained starches	1193:1218	Moreover, low amylose content and altered gelatinization properties were observed in these red-stained starches.
28056069	11	56	theme	phosphate	1612:1620	arg1	content					1622:1628	starch phosphate content	1605:1628	starch phosphate content in planta	1605:1638	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	4	57	theme	de	520:521	arg1	phosphorylation					523:537	starch (de)phosphorylation	512:537	starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch	512:555	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	7	58	theme	series	965:970	arg1	lines					951:955	the transgenic lines	936:955	the transgenic lines of each series	936:970	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	10	59	theme	potato	1536:1541	arg1	starch					1543:1548	potato starch	1536:1548	potato starch	1536:1548	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	5	60	theme	amylose-free	785:796	arg1	background					813:822	amylose-free potato genetic background	785:822	amylose-free potato genetic background (amf)	785:828	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	5	60	theme	amylose-free	785:796	arg1	amf					825:827	amf	825:827	amf	825:827	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	7	61	theme	lines	951:955	arg1	lines					951:955	the transgenic lines	936:955	the transgenic lines of each series	936:970	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	7	61	theme	lines	951:955	arg1	%					931:931	About 20-30%	920:931	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series	920:970	About 20-30% of the transgenic lines of each series showed red-staining granules upon incubation with iodine, and contained higher phosphate content than the blue-stained starch granules.
28056069	1	62	theme	starch	135:140	arg1	functionalities					116:130	valuable and unique functionalities	96:130	valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications	96:168	Phosphate esters are responsible for valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications.
28056069	5	63	theme	phosphate	723:731	arg1	content					733:739	significantly higher phosphate content	702:739	significantly higher phosphate content of starch	702:749	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	2	64	theme	phosphate	188:196	arg1	esters					198:203	the cell phosphate esters	179:203	the cell phosphate esters	179:203	Also in the cell phosphate esters play a role in starch metabolism, which so far has not been well characterized in storage starch.
28056069	5	65	theme	potato	798:803	arg1	background					813:822	amylose-free potato genetic background	785:822	amylose-free potato genetic background (amf)	785:828	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	5	65	theme	potato	798:803	arg1	amf					825:827	amf	825:827	amf	825:827	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
28056069	10	66	theme	content	1525:1531	arg1	decrease					1503:1510	the decrease	1499:1510	the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch	1499:1548	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	9	67	theme	complex	1278:1284	arg1	correlation					1286:1296	a complex correlation	1276:1296	a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties	1276:1362	Principle component and correlation analysis disclosed a complex correlation between starch composition and starch physico-chemical properties.
28056069	4	68	from	phosphorylation	523:537	arg1	starch					550:555	storage starch	542:555	storage starch	542:555	To modify phosphate content and better understand starch (de)phosphorylation in storage starch, laforin was engineered and introduced into potato (cultivar Kardal).
28056069	10	69	theme	expression	1381:1390	arg1	level					1392:1396	the expression level	1377:1396	the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism	1377:1446	Ultimately, the expression level of endogenous genes involved in starch metabolism was analysed, revealing a compensatory response to the decrease of phosphate content in potato starch.
28056069	1	70	theme	industrial	146:155	arg1	applications					157:168	industrial applications	146:168	industrial applications	146:168	Phosphate esters are responsible for valuable and unique functionalities of starch for industrial applications.
28056069	11	71	from	content	1622:1628	arg1	planta					1633:1638	planta	1633:1638	planta	1633:1638	This study provides a new perspective for engineering starch phosphate content in planta by making use of the compensatory mechanism in the plant itself.
28056069	5	72	from	expression	642:651	arg1	potato					683:688	potato	683:688	potato	683:688	Interestingly, expression of an (engineered) laforin in potato resulted in significantly higher phosphate content of starch, and this result was confirmed in amylose-free potato genetic background (amf).
26523755	4	0	theme	peak	731:734	arg1	viscosity					736:744	peak viscosity	731:744	peak viscosity	731:744	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	8	1	from	percentage	1467:1476	arg1	mixture					1498:1504	the mixture	1494:1504	the mixture	1494:1504	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	7	2	theme	peak	1373:1376	arg1	temperature					1378:1388	the peak temperature	1369:1388	the peak temperature	1369:1388	Incorporating either legume affected the product properties by decreasing the lightness and bulk density, while increasing the greenness and yellowness and the peak temperature and transition enthalpy.
26523755	9	3	theme	Amylose-lipid	1560:1572	arg1	complexes					1574:1582	Amylose-lipid complexes	1560:1582	Amylose-lipid complexes formation	1560:1592	Amylose-lipid complexes formation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis results.
26523755	6	4	theme	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl	1046:1074	arg1	scavenging					1084:1093	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging	1046:1093	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity	1046:1102	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	8	5	theme	soybean	1541:1547	arg1	percentage					1527:1536	the percentage	1523:1536	the percentage of soybean	1523:1547	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	1	6	contain	contain	152:158	arg2	protein					160:166	protein	160:166	protein	160:166	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26523755	1	6	contain	contain	152:158	arg2	compounds					199:207	bioactive compounds	189:207	bioactive compounds	189:207	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26523755	1	6	contain	contain	152:158	arg1	Legumes					144:150	Legumes	144:150	Legumes	144:150	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26523755	1	6	contain	contain	152:158	arg2	micronutrients					169:182	micronutrients	169:182	micronutrients	169:182	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26523755	10	7	theme	bean	1675:1678	arg1	Addition					1647:1654	Addition	1647:1654	Addition of soybean or mung bean	1647:1678	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	4	8	theme	selected	553:560	arg1	properties					786:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties	553:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder	553:809	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	9	theme	pasting	722:728	arg1	properties					786:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties	553:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder	553:809	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	7	10	theme	bulk	1305:1308	arg1	density					1310:1316	bulk density	1305:1316	bulk density	1305:1316	Incorporating either legume affected the product properties by decreasing the lightness and bulk density, while increasing the greenness and yellowness and the peak temperature and transition enthalpy.
26523755	0	11	theme	Bean	138:141	arg1	Addition					110:117	the Addition	106:117	the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean	106:141	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	10	12	theme	pasting	1704:1710	arg1	changes					1721:1727	significant pasting property changes	1692:1727	significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder	1692:1750	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	9	13	theme	X-ray	1611:1615	arg1	results					1638:1644	X-ray diffraction analysis results	1611:1644	X-ray diffraction analysis results	1611:1644	Amylose-lipid complexes formation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis results.
26523755	6	14	theme	porridge	1008:1015	arg1	powder					1017:1022	Soybean-blended porridge powder	992:1022	Soybean-blended porridge powder	992:1022	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	3	15	theme	expansion	462:470	arg1	ratio					472:476	the expansion ratio	458:476	the expansion ratio of the extrudates	458:494	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	1	16	theme	bioactive	189:197	arg1	compounds					199:207	bioactive compounds	189:207	bioactive compounds	189:207	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26523755	9	17	theme	analysis	1629:1636	arg1	results					1638:1644	X-ray diffraction analysis results	1611:1644	X-ray diffraction analysis results	1611:1644	Amylose-lipid complexes formation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis results.
26523755	3	18	theme	type	400:403	arg1	effects					385:391	The effects	381:391	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates	381:494	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	5	19	dep	structure	844:852	arg1	The					828:830	The	828:830	The	828:830	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	8	20	from	mixture	1498:1504	arg1	percentage					1467:1476	percentage	1467:1476	percentage of mung bean in the mixture	1467:1504	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	6	21	theme	reducing	1112:1119	arg1	power					1133:1137	ferric reducing antioxidant power	1105:1137	ferric reducing antioxidant power	1105:1137	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	6	22	theme	bean-blended	1183:1194	arg1	powder					1205:1210	the mung bean-blended porridge powder	1174:1210	the mung bean-blended porridge powder	1174:1210	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	5	23	theme	total	903:907	arg1	content					919:925	the total phenolics content	899:925	the total phenolics content (TPC)	899:931	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	23	theme	total	903:907	arg1	TPC					928:930	TPC	928:930	TPC	928:930	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	3	24	theme	extrudates	485:494	arg1	ratio					472:476	the expansion ratio	458:476	the expansion ratio of the extrudates	458:494	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	6	25	theme	scavenging	1084:1093	arg1	capacity					1095:1102	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity	1046:1102	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity	1046:1102	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	0	26	theme	Rice	70:73	arg1	Powder					84:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	10	27	theme	powder	1745:1750	arg1	changes					1721:1727	significant pasting property changes	1692:1727	significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder	1692:1750	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	4	28	theme	water	593:597	arg1	index					610:614	water absorption index	593:614	water absorption index	593:614	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	0	29	theme	Powder	84:89	arg1	Properties					28:37	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties	0:37	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	0:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	3	30	from	effects	385:391	arg1	ratio					472:476	the expansion ratio	458:476	the expansion ratio of the extrudates	458:494	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	4	31	theme	thermal	646:652	arg1	properties					786:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties	553:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder	553:809	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	32	theme	onset	655:659	arg1	temperature					661:671	onset temperature	655:671	onset temperature	655:671	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	5	33	theme	crystalline	832:842	arg1	structure					844:852	crystalline structure	832:852	crystalline structure	832:852	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	4	34	theme	solubility	627:636	arg1	index					638:642	water solubility index	621:642	water solubility index	621:642	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	2	35	theme	legume-rice	352:362	arg1	powder					373:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	0	36	theme	Physicochemical	0:14	arg1	Properties					28:37	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties	0:37	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	0:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	0	37	theme	Thermal	20:26	arg1	Properties					28:37	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties	0:37	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	0:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	7	38	dep	greenness	1340:1348	arg1	the					1336:1338	the	1336:1338	the	1336:1338	Incorporating either legume affected the product properties by decreasing the lightness and bulk density, while increasing the greenness and yellowness and the peak temperature and transition enthalpy.
26523755	3	39	dep	type	400:403	arg1	the					396:398	the	396:398	the	396:398	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	8	40	theme	mung	1481:1484	arg1	bean					1486:1489	mung bean	1481:1489	mung bean in the mixture	1481:1504	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	0	41	theme	Instant	51:57	arg1	Powder					84:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	3	42	dep	percentage	409:418	arg1	%					436:436	30%	434:436	30%	434:436	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	3	42	dep	percentage	409:418	arg1	%					423:423	10%	421:423	10%	421:423	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	3	42	dep	percentage	409:418	arg1	%					428:428	20%	426:428	20%	426:428	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	3	42	dep	percentage	409:418	arg1	w/w					439:441	w/w	439:441	w/w	439:441	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	5	43	theme	complexes	885:893	arg1	content					919:925	the total phenolics content	899:925	the total phenolics content (TPC)	899:931	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	43	theme	complexes	885:893	arg1	formation					858:866	formation	858:866	formation	858:866	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	43	theme	complexes	885:893	arg1	structure					844:852	crystalline structure	832:852	crystalline structure	832:852	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	43	theme	complexes	885:893	arg1	activity					949:956	antioxidant activity	937:956	antioxidant activity	937:956	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	43	theme	complexes	885:893	arg1	TPC					928:930	TPC	928:930	TPC	928:930	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	2	44	theme	rice	298:301	arg1	flour					303:307	rice flour	298:307	rice flour	298:307	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	7	45	theme	transition	1394:1403	arg1	enthalpy					1405:1412	transition enthalpy	1394:1412	transition enthalpy	1394:1412	Incorporating either legume affected the product properties by decreasing the lightness and bulk density, while increasing the greenness and yellowness and the peak temperature and transition enthalpy.
26523755	4	46	dep	physicochemical	562:576	arg1	index					638:642	water solubility index	621:642	water solubility index	621:642	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	46	dep	physicochemical	562:576	arg1	index					610:614	water absorption index	593:614	water absorption index	593:614	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	46	dep	physicochemical	562:576	arg1	density					584:590	bulk density	579:590	bulk density	579:590	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	2	47	theme	instant	333:339	arg1	powder					373:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	1	48	theme	various	224:230	arg1	benefits					239:246	various health benefits	224:246	various health benefits	224:246	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26523755	4	49	theme	Amino	518:522	arg1	composition					529:539	Amino acid composition	518:539	Amino acid composition	518:539	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	8	50	from	bean	1486:1489	arg1	mixture					1498:1504	the mixture	1494:1504	the mixture	1494:1504	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	6	51	theme	fat	1156:1158	arg1	contents					1160:1167	fat contents	1156:1167	fat contents	1156:1167	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	3	52	theme	legumes	447:453	arg1	percentage					409:418	percentage	409:418	percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w)	409:442	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	3	52	theme	legumes	447:453	arg1	type					400:403	type	400:403	type	400:403	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	9	53	theme	complexes	1574:1582	arg1	formation					1584:1592	Amylose-lipid complexes formation	1560:1592	Amylose-lipid complexes formation	1560:1592	Amylose-lipid complexes formation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis results.
26523755	10	54	theme	mung	1670:1673	arg1	bean					1675:1678	mung bean	1670:1678	mung bean	1670:1678	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	6	55	theme	higher	1034:1039	arg1	TPC					1041:1043	higher TPC	1034:1043	higher TPC	1034:1043	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	6	56	theme	amino	1140:1144	arg1	acid					1146:1149	amino acid	1140:1149	amino acid	1140:1149	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	10	57	theme	property	1712:1719	arg1	changes					1721:1727	significant pasting property changes	1692:1727	significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder	1692:1750	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	4	58	theme	physicochemical	562:576	arg1	properties					786:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties	553:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder	553:809	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	0	59	theme	Soybean	122:128	arg1	Addition					110:117	the Addition	106:117	the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean	106:141	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	10	60	theme	significant	1692:1702	arg1	changes					1721:1727	significant pasting property changes	1692:1727	significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder	1692:1750	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	4	61	theme	final	769:773	arg1	viscosity					775:783	final viscosity	769:783	final viscosity	769:783	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	6	62	theme	Soybean-blended	992:1006	arg1	powder					1017:1022	Soybean-blended porridge powder	992:1022	Soybean-blended porridge powder	992:1022	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	0	63	theme	Mung	133:136	arg1	Bean					138:141	Mung Bean	133:141	Mung Bean	133:141	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	10	64	theme	porridge	1736:1743	arg1	powder					1745:1750	the porridge powder	1732:1750	the porridge powder	1732:1750	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	6	65	theme	antioxidant	1121:1131	arg1	power					1133:1137	ferric reducing antioxidant power	1105:1137	ferric reducing antioxidant power	1105:1137	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	6	66	theme	porridge	1196:1203	arg1	powder					1205:1210	the mung bean-blended porridge powder	1174:1210	the mung bean-blended porridge powder	1174:1210	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	5	67	theme	antioxidant	937:947	arg1	activity					949:956	antioxidant activity	937:956	antioxidant activity	937:956	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	4	68	theme	trough	747:752	arg1	viscosity					754:762	trough viscosity	747:762	trough viscosity	747:762	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	6	69	theme	ferric	1105:1110	arg1	power					1133:1137	ferric reducing antioxidant power	1105:1137	ferric reducing antioxidant power	1105:1137	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	4	70	theme	absorption	599:608	arg1	index					610:614	water absorption index	593:614	water absorption index	593:614	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	6	71	theme	mung	1178:1181	arg1	powder					1205:1210	the mung bean-blended porridge powder	1174:1210	the mung bean-blended porridge powder	1174:1210	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	5	72	theme	phenolics	909:917	arg1	content					919:925	the total phenolics content	899:925	the total phenolics content (TPC)	899:931	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	72	theme	phenolics	909:917	arg1	TPC					928:930	TPC	928:930	TPC	928:930	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	7	73	theme	product	1254:1260	arg1	properties					1262:1271	the product properties	1250:1271	the product properties	1250:1271	Incorporating either legume affected the product properties by decreasing the lightness and bulk density, while increasing the greenness and yellowness and the peak temperature and transition enthalpy.
26523755	0	74	theme	Porridge	75:82	arg1	Powder					84:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	6	75	theme	radical	1076:1082	arg1	scavenging					1084:1093	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging	1046:1093	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity	1046:1102	Soybean-blended porridge powder exhibited higher TPC, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, amino acid, and fat contents than the mung bean-blended porridge powder.
26523755	4	76	theme	bulk	579:582	arg1	density					584:590	bulk density	579:590	bulk density	579:590	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	77	dep	thermal	646:652	arg1	temperature					661:671	onset temperature	655:671	onset temperature	655:671	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	77	dep	thermal	646:652	arg1	temperature					679:689	peak temperature	674:689	peak temperature	674:689	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	77	dep	thermal	646:652	arg1	enthalpy					707:714	transition enthalpy	696:714	transition enthalpy	696:714	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	9	78	theme	diffraction	1617:1627	arg1	results					1638:1644	X-ray diffraction analysis results	1611:1644	X-ray diffraction analysis results	1611:1644	Amylose-lipid complexes formation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis results.
26523755	8	79	theme	Expansion	1415:1423	arg1	capacity					1425:1432	Expansion capacity	1415:1432	Expansion capacity of the extrudates	1415:1450	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	2	80	theme	mung	275:278	arg1	bean					280:283	mung bean	275:283	mung bean	275:283	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	4	81	theme	powder	804:809	arg1	color					542:546	color	542:546	color	542:546	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	81	theme	powder	804:809	arg1	composition					529:539	Amino acid composition	518:539	Amino acid composition	518:539	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	81	theme	powder	804:809	arg1	properties					786:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties	553:795	selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder	553:809	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	8	82	theme	extrudates	1441:1450	arg1	capacity					1425:1432	Expansion capacity	1415:1432	Expansion capacity of the extrudates	1415:1450	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	2	83	theme	porridge	364:371	arg1	powder					373:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	4	84	dep	pasting	722:728	arg1	viscosity					775:783	final viscosity	769:783	final viscosity	769:783	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	84	dep	pasting	722:728	arg1	viscosity					736:744	peak viscosity	731:744	peak viscosity	731:744	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	84	dep	pasting	722:728	arg1	viscosity					754:762	trough viscosity	747:762	trough viscosity	747:762	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	5	85	theme	powder	965:970	arg1	content					919:925	the total phenolics content	899:925	the total phenolics content (TPC)	899:931	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	85	theme	powder	965:970	arg1	formation					858:866	formation	858:866	formation	858:866	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	85	theme	powder	965:970	arg1	structure					844:852	crystalline structure	832:852	crystalline structure	832:852	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	85	theme	powder	965:970	arg1	activity					949:956	antioxidant activity	937:956	antioxidant activity	937:956	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	5	85	theme	powder	965:970	arg1	TPC					928:930	TPC	928:930	TPC	928:930	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	4	86	theme	water	621:625	arg1	index					638:642	water solubility index	621:642	water solubility index	621:642	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	2	87	theme	functional	341:350	arg1	powder					373:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	10	88	theme	soybean	1659:1665	arg1	Addition					1647:1654	Addition	1647:1654	Addition of soybean or mung bean	1647:1678	Addition of soybean or mung bean resulted in significant pasting property changes of the porridge powder.
26523755	0	89	theme	Extruded	42:49	arg1	Powder					84:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	5	90	theme	amylose-lipid	871:883	arg1	complexes					885:893	amylose-lipid complexes	871:893	amylose-lipid complexes	871:893	The crystalline structure and formation of amylose-lipid complexes and the total phenolics content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the powder were also measured.
26523755	8	91	theme	bean	1486:1489	arg1	percentage					1467:1476	percentage	1467:1476	percentage of mung bean in the mixture	1467:1504	Expansion capacity of the extrudates increased with percentage of mung bean in the mixture but decreased as the percentage of soybean increased.
26523755	0	92	theme	Functional	59:68	arg1	Powder					84:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder	42:89	Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Extruded Instant Functional Rice Porridge Powder as Affected by the Addition of Soybean or Mung Bean.
26523755	4	93	theme	transition	696:705	arg1	enthalpy					707:714	transition enthalpy	696:714	transition enthalpy	696:714	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	3	94	theme	percentage	409:418	arg1	effects					385:391	The effects	381:391	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates	381:494	The effects of the type and percentage (10%, 20%, or 30%, w/w) of legumes on the expansion ratio of the extrudates were first evaluated.
26523755	4	95	theme	acid	524:527	arg1	composition					529:539	Amino acid composition	518:539	Amino acid composition	518:539	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	4	96	theme	peak	674:677	arg1	temperature					679:689	peak temperature	674:689	peak temperature	674:689	Amino acid composition, color, and selected physicochemical (bulk density, water absorption index, and water solubility index), thermal (onset temperature, peak temperature, and transition enthalpy), and pasting (peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity) properties of the powder were determined.
26523755	2	97	theme	extrusion	323:331	arg1	powder					373:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder	323:378	In this study, soybean or mung bean was mixed in rice flour to produce by extrusion instant functional legume-rice porridge powder.
26523755	1	98	theme	health	232:237	arg1	benefits					239:246	various health benefits	224:246	various health benefits	224:246	Legumes contain protein, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, which provide various health benefits.
26828861	9	0	theme	components	1338:1347	arg1	composition					1314:1324	the composition	1310:1324	the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d	1310:1448	Therefore, Hapln1a maintains the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d.
26828861	10	1	theme	Hapln1a	1471:1477	arg1	ECM					1489:1491	the Hapln1a dependent ECM	1467:1491	the Hapln1a dependent ECM	1467:1491	We propose that the Hapln1a dependent ECM provides the required conditions for Sema3d stabilization and function.
26828861	11	2	theme	Sema3d	1711:1716	arg1	transduction					1725:1736	Sema3d signal transduction	1711:1736	Sema3d signal transduction	1711:1736	Interactions between the ECM and signaling molecules are complex and our study demonstrates the requirement for components of the Hapln1a-ECM for Sema3d signal transduction.
26828861	2	3	theme	cell	371:374	arg1	growth					391:396	growth	391:396	growth	391:396	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	2	3	theme	cell	371:374	arg1	proliferation					376:388	cell proliferation	371:388	cell proliferation (growth)	371:397	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	11	4	theme	signal	1718:1723	arg1	transduction					1725:1736	Sema3d signal transduction	1711:1736	Sema3d signal transduction	1711:1736	Interactions between the ECM and signaling molecules are complex and our study demonstrates the requirement for components of the Hapln1a-ECM for Sema3d signal transduction.
26828861	11	5	theme	Hapln1a-ECM	1695:1705	arg1	components					1677:1686	components	1677:1686	components of the Hapln1a-ECM	1677:1705	Interactions between the ECM and signaling molecules are complex and our study demonstrates the requirement for components of the Hapln1a-ECM for Sema3d signal transduction.
26828861	7	6	theme	hapln1a	1152:1158	arg1	knockdown					1139:1147	Double knockdown	1132:1147	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d	1132:1169	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d reveal synergistic interactions.
26828861	3	7	theme	cellular	517:524	arg1	Hyaluronan					547:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	7	theme	cellular	517:524	arg1	Hapln1a					591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	7	theme	cellular	517:524	arg1	downstream					632:641	downstream	632:641	downstream	632:641	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	0	8	theme	Fin	106:108	arg1	Regeneration					110:121	Fin Regeneration	106:121	Fin Regeneration	106:121	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes Are Mediated by Interactions between the Hapln1a-ECM and Sema3d during Fin Regeneration.
26828861	7	9	theme	Double	1132:1137	arg1	knockdown					1139:1147	Double knockdown	1132:1147	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d	1132:1169	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d reveal synergistic interactions.
26828861	3	10	theme	protein	539:545	arg1	Hyaluronan					547:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	10	theme	protein	539:545	arg1	Hapln1a					591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	10	theme	protein	539:545	arg1	downstream					632:641	downstream	632:641	downstream	632:641	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	6	11	theme	factor	1009:1014	arg1	Semaphorin3d					1016:1027	the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d	989:1027	the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d)	989:1036	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	6	11	theme	factor	1009:1014	arg1	Sema3d					1030:1035	Sema3d	1030:1035	Sema3d	1030:1035	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	9	12	theme	ECM	1356:1358	arg1	components					1338:1347	specific components	1329:1347	specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d	1329:1448	Therefore, Hapln1a maintains the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d.
26828861	4	13	theme	proteoglycan	757:768	arg1	aggrecan					770:777	the proteoglycan aggrecan	753:777	the proteoglycan aggrecan	753:777	Here we find that the proteoglycan aggrecan is similarly reduced following Hapln1a knockdown.
26828861	0	14	theme	Cx43-Dependent	0:13	arg1	Phenotypes					24:33	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes	0:33	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes	0:33	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes Are Mediated by Interactions between the Hapln1a-ECM and Sema3d during Fin Regeneration.
26828861	6	15	theme	growth	1002:1007	arg1	Semaphorin3d					1016:1027	the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d	989:1027	the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d)	989:1036	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	6	15	theme	growth	1002:1007	arg1	Sema3d					1030:1035	Sema3d	1030:1035	Sema3d	1030:1035	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	9	16	theme	growth	1428:1433	arg1	Sema3d					1443:1448	Sema3d	1443:1448	Sema3d	1443:1448	Therefore, Hapln1a maintains the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d.
26828861	9	16	theme	growth	1428:1433	arg1	factor					1435:1440	at least one growth factor	1415:1440	at least one growth factor	1415:1440	Therefore, Hapln1a maintains the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d.
26828861	3	17	theme	ECM	534:536	arg1	Hyaluronan					547:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	17	theme	ECM	534:536	arg1	Hapln1a					591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	17	theme	ECM	534:536	arg1	downstream					632:641	downstream	632:641	downstream	632:641	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	2	18	theme	joint	403:407	arg1	patterning					420:429	patterning	420:429	patterning	420:429	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	2	18	theme	joint	403:407	arg1	formation					409:417	joint formation	403:417	joint formation (patterning)	403:430	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	8	19	theme	Sema3d	1258:1263	arg1	overexpression					1265:1278	Sema3d overexpression	1258:1278	Sema3d overexpression	1258:1278	Further, hapln1a knockdown phenotypes were rescued by Sema3d overexpression.
26828861	3	20	theme	glycosaminoglycan	705:721	arg1	hyaluronan					723:732	the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan	701:732	the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan	701:732	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	10	21	theme	required	1506:1513	arg1	conditions					1515:1524	the required conditions	1502:1524	the required conditions for Sema3d stabilization and function	1502:1562	We propose that the Hapln1a dependent ECM provides the required conditions for Sema3d stabilization and function.
26828861	2	22	theme	mutants	290:296	arg1	Analysis					267:274	Analysis	267:274	Analysis of fin length mutants	267:296	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	1	23	theme	proper	189:194	arg1	communication					196:208	proper communication	189:208	proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information	189:264	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	0	24	theme	Skeletal	15:22	arg1	Phenotypes					24:33	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes	0:33	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes	0:33	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes Are Mediated by Interactions between the Hapln1a-ECM and Sema3d during Fin Regeneration.
26828861	3	25	theme	hyaluronan	723:732	arg1	reduction					688:696	reduction	688:696	reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan	688:732	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	26	theme	Link	575:578	arg1	Protein1a					580:588	Proteoglycan Link Protein1a	562:588	Proteoglycan Link Protein1a	562:588	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	2	27	theme	caudal	449:454	arg1	regeneration					460:471	zebrafish caudal fin regeneration	439:471	zebrafish caudal fin regeneration	439:471	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	6	28	theme	secreted	993:1000	arg1	Semaphorin3d					1016:1027	the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d	989:1027	the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d)	989:1036	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	6	28	theme	secreted	993:1000	arg1	Sema3d					1030:1035	Sema3d	1030:1035	Sema3d	1030:1035	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	10	29	theme	dependent	1479:1487	arg1	ECM					1489:1491	the Hapln1a dependent ECM	1467:1491	the Hapln1a dependent ECM	1467:1491	We propose that the Hapln1a dependent ECM provides the required conditions for Sema3d stabilization and function.
26828861	2	30	theme	junction	324:331	arg1	Cx43					353:356	Cx43	353:356	Cx43	353:356	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	2	30	theme	junction	324:331	arg1	protein					333:339	the gap junction protein Connexin43	316:350	the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43)	316:357	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	2	31	theme	zebrafish	439:447	arg1	regeneration					460:471	zebrafish caudal fin regeneration	439:471	zebrafish caudal fin regeneration	439:471	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	10	32	theme	Sema3d	1530:1535	arg1	stabilization					1537:1549	Sema3d stabilization	1530:1549	Sema3d stabilization	1530:1549	We propose that the Hapln1a dependent ECM provides the required conditions for Sema3d stabilization and function.
26828861	11	33	theme	signaling	1598:1606	arg1	molecules					1608:1616	signaling molecules	1598:1616	signaling molecules	1598:1616	Interactions between the ECM and signaling molecules are complex and our study demonstrates the requirement for components of the Hapln1a-ECM for Sema3d signal transduction.
26828861	2	34	theme	gap	320:322	arg1	Cx43					353:356	Cx43	353:356	Cx43	353:356	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	2	34	theme	gap	320:322	arg1	protein					333:339	the gap junction protein Connexin43	316:350	the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43)	316:357	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	3	35	theme	Previous	474:481	arg1	studies					483:489	Previous studies	474:489	Previous studies	474:489	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	36	theme	Proteoglycan	562:573	arg1	Protein1a					580:588	Proteoglycan Link Protein1a	562:588	Proteoglycan Link Protein1a	562:588	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	37	theme	extra	511:515	arg1	Hyaluronan					547:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	37	theme	extra	511:515	arg1	Hapln1a					591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	37	theme	extra	511:515	arg1	downstream					632:641	downstream	632:641	downstream	632:641	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	6	38	theme	dependent	1090:1098	arg1	phenotypes					1100:1109	Cx43 dependent phenotypes	1085:1109	Cx43 dependent phenotypes	1085:1109	Moreover, we provide evidence that the Hapln1a-ECM stabilizes the secreted growth factor Semaphorin3d (Sema3d), which has been independently shown to mediate Cx43 dependent phenotypes during regeneration.
26828861	7	39	theme	synergistic	1178:1188	arg1	interactions					1190:1201	synergistic interactions	1178:1201	synergistic interactions	1178:1201	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d reveal synergistic interactions.
26828861	8	40	theme	hapln1a	1213:1219	arg1	phenotypes					1231:1240	hapln1a knockdown phenotypes	1213:1240	hapln1a knockdown phenotypes	1213:1240	Further, hapln1a knockdown phenotypes were rescued by Sema3d overexpression.
26828861	1	41	theme	efficient	232:240	arg1	exchange					242:249	efficient exchange	232:249	efficient exchange of information	232:264	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	3	42	theme	Cx43	646:649	arg1	Hyaluronan					547:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	42	theme	Cx43	646:649	arg1	downstream					632:641	downstream	632:641	downstream	632:641	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	1	43	theme	Skeletal	124:131	arg1	process					168:174	a tightly regulated process	148:174	a tightly regulated process	148:174	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	1	43	theme	Skeletal	124:131	arg1	development					133:143	Skeletal development	124:143	Skeletal development	124:143	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	7	44	theme	sema3d	1164:1169	arg1	knockdown					1139:1147	Double knockdown	1132:1147	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d	1132:1169	Double knockdown of hapln1a and sema3d reveal synergistic interactions.
26828861	8	45	theme	knockdown	1221:1229	arg1	phenotypes					1231:1240	hapln1a knockdown phenotypes	1213:1240	hapln1a knockdown phenotypes	1213:1240	Further, hapln1a knockdown phenotypes were rescued by Sema3d overexpression.
26828861	2	46	theme	length	283:288	arg1	mutants					290:296	fin length mutants	279:296	fin length mutants	279:296	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	0	47	dep	Hapln1a-ECM	76:86	arg1	the					72:74	the	72:74	the	72:74	Cx43-Dependent Skeletal Phenotypes Are Mediated by Interactions between the Hapln1a-ECM and Sema3d during Fin Regeneration.
26828861	2	48	theme	fin	279:281	arg1	mutants					290:296	fin length mutants	279:296	fin length mutants	279:296	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	1	49	theme	regulated	158:166	arg1	process					168:174	a tightly regulated process	148:174	a tightly regulated process	148:174	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	1	49	theme	regulated	158:166	arg1	development					133:143	Skeletal development	124:143	Skeletal development	124:143	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	3	50	theme	hapln1a	661:667	arg1	knockdown					669:677	hapln1a knockdown	661:677	hapln1a knockdown	661:677	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	51	theme	matrix	526:531	arg1	Hyaluronan					547:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan	507:556	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	51	theme	matrix	526:531	arg1	Hapln1a					591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Hapln1a	591:597	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	3	51	theme	matrix	526:531	arg1	downstream					632:641	downstream	632:641	downstream	632:641	Previous studies have shown that the extra cellular matrix (ECM) protein Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Link Protein1a (Hapln1a) is molecularly and functionally downstream of Cx43, and that hapln1a knockdown leads to reduction of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan.
26828861	11	52	dep	ECM	1590:1592	arg1	the					1586:1588	the	1586:1588	the	1586:1588	Interactions between the ECM and signaling molecules are complex and our study demonstrates the requirement for components of the Hapln1a-ECM for Sema3d signal transduction.
26828861	1	53	theme	information	254:264	arg1	exchange					242:249	efficient exchange	232:249	efficient exchange of information	232:264	Skeletal development is a tightly regulated process and requires proper communication between the cells for efficient exchange of information.
26828861	9	54	theme	specific	1329:1336	arg1	components					1338:1347	specific components	1329:1347	specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d	1329:1448	Therefore, Hapln1a maintains the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d.
26828861	4	55	theme	Hapln1a	810:816	arg1	knockdown					818:826	Hapln1a knockdown	810:826	Hapln1a knockdown	810:826	Here we find that the proteoglycan aggrecan is similarly reduced following Hapln1a knockdown.
26828861	2	56	theme	fin	456:458	arg1	regeneration					460:471	zebrafish caudal fin regeneration	439:471	zebrafish caudal fin regeneration	439:471	Analysis of fin length mutants has revealed that the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) coordinates cell proliferation (growth) and joint formation (patterning) during zebrafish caudal fin regeneration.
26828861	9	57	theme	factor	1435:1440	arg1	stabilization					1398:1410	the stabilization	1394:1410	the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d	1394:1448	Therefore, Hapln1a maintains the composition of specific components of the ECM, which appears to be required for the stabilization of at least one growth factor, Sema3d.
29196006	2	0	theme	bread	564:568	arg1	crumb					570:574	bread crumb	564:574	bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid	564:612	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	1	1	theme	buckwheat	245:253	arg1	bran					255:258	coarse and fine buckwheat bran	229:258	coarse and fine buckwheat bran	229:258	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	7	2	theme	bran	1437:1440	arg1	fractions					1449:1457	bran volume fractions	1437:1457	bran volume fractions	1437:1457	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	5	3	theme	protein	1171:1177	arg1	index					1202:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	4	4	theme	key	803:805	arg1	transitions					807:817	key transitions	803:817	key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization	803:860	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	4	4	theme	key	803:805	arg1	onset					831:835	the onset	827:835	the onset of starch gelatinization	827:860	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	6	5	theme	gluten	1223:1228	arg1	structure					1230:1238	gluten structure	1223:1238	gluten structure	1223:1238	Variations in gluten structure could be strongly related to dough baking performance, i.e. specific volume.
29196006	1	6	theme	science	175:181	arg1	approach					183:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	7	7	theme	crumb	1369:1373	arg1	texture					1375:1381	crumb texture	1369:1381	crumb texture	1369:1381	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	3	8	theme	phase	697:701	arg1	transitions					703:713	starch phase transitions	690:713	starch phase transitions during heating	690:728	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough was found to be largely related to starch phase transitions during heating.
29196006	6	9	dep	performance	1282:1292	arg1	volume					1309:1314	specific volume	1300:1314	specific volume	1300:1314	Variations in gluten structure could be strongly related to dough baking performance, i.e. specific volume.
29196006	2	10	theme	thermal	526:532	arg1	analysis					534:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	6	11	theme	specific	1300:1307	arg1	volume					1309:1314	specific volume	1300:1314	specific volume	1300:1314	Variations in gluten structure could be strongly related to dough baking performance, i.e. specific volume.
29196006	5	12	theme	structural	1024:1033	arg1	arrangements					1035:1046	gluten solvation and structural arrangements	1003:1046	gluten solvation and structural arrangements	1003:1046	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	2	13	dep	texture	553:559	arg1	iii					548:550	iii	548:550	iii	548:550	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	2	14	theme	dynamic	507:513	arg1	analysis					534:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	6	15	from	Variations	1209:1218	arg1	structure					1230:1238	gluten structure	1223:1238	gluten structure	1223:1238	Variations in gluten structure could be strongly related to dough baking performance, i.e. specific volume.
29196006	4	16	theme	gelatinization	847:860	arg1	onset					831:835	the onset	827:835	the onset of starch gelatinization	827:860	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	1	17	from	influence	216:224	arg1	quality					305:311	bread textural quality	290:311	bread textural quality	290:311	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	1	17	from	influence	216:224	arg1	dough					269:273	wheat dough properties and bread textural quality	263:311	dough	269:273	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	6	18	theme	baking	1275:1280	arg1	performance					1282:1292	dough baking performance	1269:1292	dough baking performance	1269:1292	Variations in gluten structure could be strongly related to dough baking performance, i.e. specific volume.
29196006	4	19	from	function	867:874	arg1	dough					935:939	the dough	931:939	the dough	931:939	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	9	20	theme	main	1694:1697	arg1	components					1709:1718	the main polymeric components	1690:1718	the main polymeric components	1690:1718	These mechanisms strongly pointed at the influence of bran on water partitioning among the main polymeric components.
29196006	5	21	theme	solvation	1010:1018	arg1	arrangements					1035:1046	gluten solvation and structural arrangements	1003:1046	gluten solvation and structural arrangements	1003:1046	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	10	22	theme	bran	1781:1784	arg1	material					1786:1793	bran material	1781:1793	bran material of varying source, composition and structure	1781:1838	In the future, these mechanisms should be investigated with bran material of varying source, composition and structure.
29196006	2	23	theme	thermo-mechanical	445:461	arg1	behavior					463:470	(ii) thermo-mechanical behavior	440:470	(ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid	440:612	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	0	24	from	influence	18:26	arg1	dough					55:59	wheat dough	49:59	wheat dough baking performance	49:78	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	9	25	theme	polymeric	1699:1707	arg1	components					1709:1718	the main polymeric components	1690:1718	the main polymeric components	1690:1718	These mechanisms strongly pointed at the influence of bran on water partitioning among the main polymeric components.
29196006	1	26	dep	dough	269:273	arg1	properties					275:284	properties	275:284	properties	275:284	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	0	27	theme	Mechanistic	81:91	arg1	insights					93:100	Mechanistic insights	81:100	Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches	81:147	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	8	28	dep	dough	1578:1582	arg1	quality					1594:1600	quality	1594:1600	quality	1594:1600	Overall, this study elucidates a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality.
29196006	4	29	theme	volume	911:916	arg1	fractions					918:926	bran volume fractions	906:926	bran volume fractions	906:926	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	5	30	theme	bran	1075:1078	arg1	level					1089:1093	bran addition level	1075:1093	bran addition level	1075:1093	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	0	31	theme	bran	41:44	arg1	influence					18:26	the influence	14:26	the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance	14:78	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	2	32	theme	front-face	415:424	arg1	fluorescence					426:437	front-face fluorescence	415:437	front-face fluorescence	415:437	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	1	33	theme	wheat	263:267	arg1	dough					269:273	wheat dough properties and bread textural quality	263:311	dough	269:273	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	2	34	theme	bran	396:399	arg1	presence					384:391	presence	384:391	presence of bran	384:399	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	8	35	theme	mechanisms	1512:1521	arg1	number					1493:1498	a number	1491:1498	a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality	1491:1600	Overall, this study elucidates a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality.
29196006	4	36	theme	biopolymer	770:779	arg1	melting					781:787	biopolymer melting	770:787	biopolymer melting	770:787	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	0	37	theme	buckwheat	31:39	arg1	bran					41:44	buckwheat bran	31:44	buckwheat bran	31:44	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	1	38	theme	bread	290:294	arg1	quality					305:311	bread textural quality	290:311	bread textural quality	290:311	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	2	39	dep	heating	488:494	arg1	studied					496:502	studied	496:502	heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid	488:612	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	5	40	theme	wheat	977:981	arg1	dough					983:987	wheat dough	977:987	wheat dough	977:987	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	5	41	theme	particle	1112:1119	arg1	size					1121:1124	particle size	1112:1124	particle size	1112:1124	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	5	42	theme	surface	1179:1185	arg1	index					1202:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	2	43	dep	behavior	463:470	arg1	ii					441:442	ii	441:442	ii	441:442	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	5	44	theme	Front-face	942:951	arg1	studies					966:972	Front-face fluorescence studies	942:972	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough	942:987	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	8	45	theme	bran	1561:1564	arg1	addition					1566:1573	buckwheat bran addition	1551:1573	buckwheat bran addition	1551:1573	Overall, this study elucidates a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality.
29196006	4	46	theme	approaches	756:765	arg1	use					735:737	The use	731:737	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting	731:787	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	2	47	theme	gluten	336:341	arg1	solvation					343:351	(i) gluten solvation	332:351	(i) gluten solvation	332:351	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	1	48	theme	coarse	229:234	arg1	bran					255:258	coarse and fine buckwheat bran	229:258	coarse and fine buckwheat bran	229:258	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	5	49	from	level	1089:1093	arg1	size					1121:1124	particle size	1112:1124	particle size	1112:1124	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	7	50	theme	volume	1442:1447	arg1	fractions					1449:1457	bran volume fractions	1437:1457	bran volume fractions	1437:1457	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	0	51	dep	Understanding	0:12	arg1	insights					93:100	Mechanistic insights	81:100	Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches	81:147	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	1	52	theme	fine	240:243	arg1	bran					255:258	coarse and fine buckwheat bran	229:258	coarse and fine buckwheat bran	229:258	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	3	53	theme	dough	649:653	arg1	related					679:685	related	679:685	related	679:685	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough was found to be largely related to starch phase transitions during heating.
29196006	3	53	theme	dough	649:653	arg1	behavior					637:644	The thermo-mechanical behavior	615:644	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough	615:653	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough was found to be largely related to starch phase transitions during heating.
29196006	1	54	theme	bran	255:258	arg1	influence					216:224	the influence	212:224	the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality	212:311	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	5	55	from	studies	966:972	arg1	dough					983:987	wheat dough	977:987	wheat dough	977:987	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	1	56	theme	material	166:173	arg1	approach					183:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	9	57	from	influence	1644:1652	arg1	partitioning					1671:1682	water partitioning	1665:1682	water partitioning among the main polymeric components	1665:1718	These mechanisms strongly pointed at the influence of bran on water partitioning among the main polymeric components.
29196006	2	58	theme	crumb	570:574	arg1	texture					553:559	(iii) texture	547:559	(iii) texture	547:559	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	2	58	theme	crumb	570:574	arg1	analysis					534:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	0	59	theme	material	121:128	arg1	approaches					138:147	molecular and material science approaches	107:147	molecular and material science approaches	107:147	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	2	60	theme	mechanical	515:524	arg1	analysis					534:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	dynamic mechanical thermal analysis	507:541	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	3	61	theme	starch	690:695	arg1	transitions					703:713	starch phase transitions	690:713	starch phase transitions during heating	690:728	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough was found to be largely related to starch phase transitions during heating.
29196006	5	62	from	decrease	1155:1162	arg1	index					1202:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	4	63	theme	interplay	883:891	arg1	function					867:874	function	867:874	function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough	867:939	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	4	64	theme	starch	840:845	arg1	gelatinization					847:860	starch gelatinization	840:860	starch gelatinization	840:860	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	1	65	used	used	195:198	arg2	approach					183:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	6	66	theme	dough	1269:1273	arg1	performance					1282:1292	dough baking performance	1269:1292	dough baking performance	1269:1292	Variations in gluten structure could be strongly related to dough baking performance, i.e. specific volume.
29196006	5	67	theme	gluten	1003:1008	arg1	arrangements					1035:1046	gluten solvation and structural arrangements	1003:1046	gluten solvation and structural arrangements	1003:1046	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	7	68	dep	texture	1333:1339	arg1	regards					1322:1328	regards	1322:1328	regards	1322:1328	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	4	69	theme	fractions	918:926	arg1	interplay					883:891	the interplay	879:891	the interplay of water and bran volume fractions	879:926	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	8	70	theme	addition	1566:1573	arg1	influence					1538:1546	the influence	1534:1546	the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality	1534:1600	Overall, this study elucidates a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality.
29196006	1	71	theme	molecular	152:160	arg1	approach					183:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach	150:190	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	2	72	theme	solid	608:612	arg1	terms					588:592	terms	588:592	terms of a cellular solid	588:612	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	7	73	from	variations	1401:1410	arg1	moisture					1424:1431	moisture	1424:1431	moisture	1424:1431	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	7	73	from	variations	1401:1410	arg1	density					1415:1421	density	1415:1421	density	1415:1421	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	7	73	from	variations	1401:1410	arg1	fractions					1449:1457	bran volume fractions	1437:1457	bran volume fractions	1437:1457	With regards to texture, the approach revealed that crumb texture was controlled by variations in density, moisture and bran volume fractions.
29196006	4	74	theme	water	896:900	arg1	interplay					883:891	the interplay	879:891	the interplay of water and bran volume fractions	879:926	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	0	75	theme	molecular	107:115	arg1	approaches					138:147	molecular and material science approaches	107:147	molecular and material science approaches	107:147	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	2	76	theme	dough	475:479	arg1	behavior					463:470	(ii) thermo-mechanical behavior	440:470	(ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid	440:612	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	2	77	theme	structural	357:366	arg1	arrangements					368:379	structural arrangements	357:379	structural arrangements	357:379	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	5	78	theme	addition	1080:1087	arg1	level					1089:1093	bran addition level	1075:1093	bran addition level	1075:1093	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	9	79	theme	water	1665:1669	arg1	partitioning					1671:1682	water partitioning	1665:1682	water partitioning among the main polymeric components	1665:1718	These mechanisms strongly pointed at the influence of bran on water partitioning among the main polymeric components.
29196006	8	80	theme	physical	1503:1510	arg1	mechanisms					1512:1521	physical mechanisms	1503:1521	physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality	1503:1600	Overall, this study elucidates a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality.
29196006	2	81	dep	given	323:327	arg1	behavior					463:470	(ii) thermo-mechanical behavior	440:470	(ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid	440:612	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	5	82	from	reduction	1099:1107	arg1	size					1121:1124	particle size	1112:1124	particle size	1112:1124	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	5	83	theme	drastic	1147:1153	arg1	decrease					1155:1162	the drastic decrease	1143:1162	the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1143:1206	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	4	84	theme	bran	906:909	arg1	fractions					918:926	bran volume fractions	906:926	bran volume fractions	906:926	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
29196006	0	85	theme	wheat	49:53	arg1	dough					55:59	wheat dough	49:59	wheat dough baking performance	49:78	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	1	86	theme	textural	296:303	arg1	quality					305:311	bread textural quality	290:311	bread textural quality	290:311	A molecular and material science approach is used to describe the influence of coarse and fine buckwheat bran on wheat dough properties and bread textural quality.
29196006	0	87	theme	science	130:136	arg1	approaches					138:147	molecular and material science approaches	107:147	molecular and material science approaches	107:147	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	8	88	theme	buckwheat	1551:1559	arg1	addition					1566:1573	buckwheat bran addition	1551:1573	buckwheat bran addition	1551:1573	Overall, this study elucidates a number of physical mechanisms describing the influence of buckwheat bran addition to dough and bread quality.
29196006	3	89	theme	thermo-mechanical	619:635	arg1	related					679:685	related	679:685	related	679:685	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough was found to be largely related to starch phase transitions during heating.
29196006	3	89	theme	thermo-mechanical	619:635	arg1	behavior					637:644	The thermo-mechanical behavior	615:644	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough	615:653	The thermo-mechanical behavior of dough was found to be largely related to starch phase transitions during heating.
29196006	9	90	theme	bran	1657:1660	arg1	influence					1644:1652	the influence	1640:1652	the influence of bran on water partitioning among the main polymeric components	1640:1718	These mechanisms strongly pointed at the influence of bran on water partitioning among the main polymeric components.
29196006	0	91	from	approaches	138:147	arg1	insights					93:100	Mechanistic insights	81:100	Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches	81:147	Understanding the influence of buckwheat bran on wheat dough baking performance: Mechanistic insights from molecular and material science approaches.
29196006	2	92	dep	solvation	343:351	arg1	i					333:333	i	333:333	i	333:333	Focus is given on (i) gluten solvation and structural arrangements in presence of bran as studied by front-face fluorescence; (ii) thermo-mechanical behavior of dough during heating studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and (iii) texture of bread crumb analyzed in terms of a cellular solid.
29196006	5	93	theme	hydrophobicity	1187:1200	arg1	index					1202:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	the protein surface hydrophobicity index	1167:1206	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	5	94	theme	fluorescence	953:964	arg1	studies					966:972	Front-face fluorescence studies	942:972	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough	942:987	Front-face fluorescence studies in wheat dough revealed that gluten solvation and structural arrangements were delayed by increasing bran addition level and reduction in particle size, as indicated by the drastic decrease in the protein surface hydrophobicity index.
29196006	4	95	theme	thermodynamic	742:754	arg1	approaches					756:765	thermodynamic approaches	742:765	thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting	742:787	The use of thermodynamic approaches to biopolymer melting revealed that key transitions such as the onset of starch gelatinization were function of the interplay of water and bran volume fractions in the dough.
28781020	9	0	theme	0.87	1629:1632	arg1	HR					1625:1626	HR	1625:1626	HR	1625:1626	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	3	1	theme	knee	641:644	arg1	UKA					660:662	UKA	660:662	UKA	660:662	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	1	theme	knee	641:644	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	1	theme	knee	641:644	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	2	2	theme	HA	364:365	arg1	injections					367:376	intra-articular HA injections	348:376	intra-articular HA injections	348:376	The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular HA injections for knee OA management.
28781020	9	3	theme	95	1635:1636	arg1	%					1637:1637	%	1637:1637	%	1637:1637	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	3	4	theme	%	492:492	arg1	sample					501:506	a 10% random sample	488:506	a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015)	488:542	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	4	5	used	used	811:814	arg2	hdPS					801:804	hdPS	801:804	hdPS	801:804	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	4	5	used	used	811:814	arg2	score					794:798	A high-dimensional propensity score	764:798	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS)	764:805	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	6	6	theme	HA	1073:1074	arg1	users					1076:1080	HA users	1073:1080	HA users	1073:1080	RESULTS Among 13,849 patients, 797 were HA users, 5327 were CS users, and 7725 were HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	7	7	theme	interval	1291:1298	arg1	%					1278:1278	0.88; 95%	1270:1278	0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI	1270:1302	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	4	8	theme	propensity	783:792	arg1	hdPS					801:804	hdPS	801:804	hdPS	801:804	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	4	8	theme	propensity	783:792	arg1	score					794:798	A high-dimensional propensity score	764:798	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS)	764:805	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	6	9	theme	HA/CS	1117:1121	arg1	nonusers					1123:1130	HA/CS nonusers	1117:1130	HA/CS nonusers	1117:1130	RESULTS Among 13,849 patients, 797 were HA users, 5327 were CS users, and 7725 were HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	5	10	theme	comparison	964:973	arg1	groups					975:980	the comparison groups	960:980	the comparison groups	960:980	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	3	11	theme	random	494:499	arg1	sample					501:506	a 10% random sample	488:506	a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015)	488:542	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	1	12	theme	knee	208:211	arg1	OA					229:230	OA	229:230	OA	229:230	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	1	12	theme	knee	208:211	arg1	osteoarthritis					213:226	knee osteoarthritis	208:226	knee osteoarthritis (OA)	208:231	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	4	13	theme	CS	839:840	arg1	users					842:846	CS users	839:846	CS users	839:846	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	3	14	theme	composite	567:575	arg1	TKA					669:671	TKA	669:671	TKA	669:671	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	14	theme	composite	567:575	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	14	theme	composite	567:575	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	9	15	theme	sensitivity	1491:1501	arg1	analysis					1503:1510	A sensitivity analysis	1489:1510	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery	1489:1585	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	7	16	theme	HA/CS	1235:1239	arg1	nonusers					1241:1248	HA/CS nonusers	1235:1248	HA/CS nonusers	1235:1248	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	1	17	theme	BACKGROUND	132:141	arg1	Use					143:145	BACKGROUND Use	132:145	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)	132:231	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	3	18	theme	CS	734:735	arg1	users					738:742	corticosteroid (CS) users	718:742	corticosteroid (CS) users	718:742	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	19	theme	knee	583:586	arg1	TKA					669:671	TKA	669:671	TKA	669:671	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	19	theme	knee	583:586	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	19	theme	knee	583:586	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	7	20	dep	%	1278:1278	arg1	[CI					1300:1302	[CI	1300:1302	0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI	1270:1302	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	3	21	theme	corticosteroid	718:731	arg1	users					738:742	corticosteroid (CS) users	718:742	corticosteroid (CS) users	718:742	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	0	22	theme	Injections	80:89	arg1	Effectiveness					12:24	Comparative Effectiveness	0:24	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures	0:129	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	1	23	theme	hyaluronic	166:175	arg1	HA					183:184	HA	183:184	HA	183:184	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	1	23	theme	hyaluronic	166:175	arg1	acid					177:180	hyaluronic acid	166:180	intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections	150:196	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	3	24	theme	HA/CS	748:752	arg1	nonusers					754:761	HA/CS nonusers	748:761	HA/CS nonusers	748:761	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	4	25	theme	HA/CS	857:861	arg1	nonusers					863:870	HA/CS nonusers	857:870	HA/CS nonusers on background covariates	857:895	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	3	26	theme	knee	442:445	arg1	OA					447:448	knee OA	442:448	knee OA seeing a specialist	442:468	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	0	27	theme	Knee	115:118	arg1	Procedures					120:129	Surgical Knee Procedures	106:129	Surgical Knee Procedures	106:129	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	5	28	theme	proportional	1005:1016	arg1	models					1025:1030	Cox proportional hazard models	1001:1030	Cox proportional hazard models	1001:1030	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	4	29	with	users	828:832	arg1	users					842:846	CS users	839:846	CS users	839:846	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	4	29	with	users	828:832	arg1	nonusers					863:870	HA/CS nonusers	857:870	HA/CS nonusers on background covariates	857:895	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	9	30	theme	knee	1574:1577	arg1	surgery					1579:1585	knee surgery	1574:1585	knee surgery	1574:1585	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	3	31	theme	persons	429:435	arg1	cohort					419:424	A nested cohort	410:424	A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist	410:468	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	0	32	theme	Comparative	0:10	arg1	Effectiveness					12:24	Comparative Effectiveness	0:24	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures	0:129	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	1	33	theme	conflicting	275:285	arg1	evidence					287:294	weak and conflicting evidence	266:294	weak and conflicting evidence	266:294	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	10	34	theme	HA	1748:1749	arg1	users					1751:1755	HA users	1748:1755	HA users	1748:1755	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	7	35	theme	surgical	1176:1183	arg1	interventions					1185:1197	composite surgical interventions	1166:1197	composite surgical interventions	1166:1197	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	9	36	theme	lower	1596:1600	arg1	risk					1602:1605	a lower risk	1594:1605	a lower risk of surgery of HA	1594:1622	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	10	37	dep	CONCLUSION	1655:1664	arg1	were					1672:1675	were	1672:1675	were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS	1672:1851	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	3	38	theme	total	612:616	arg1	UKA					660:662	UKA	660:662	UKA	660:662	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	38	theme	total	612:616	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	38	theme	total	612:616	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	0	39	theme	Hyaluronic	45:54	arg1	Acid					56:59	Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid	29:59	Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid	29:59	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	7	40	dep	HR	1331:1332	arg1	0.65-1.12					1349:1357	0.65-1.12	1349:1357	0.65-1.12	1349:1357	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	7	40	dep	HR	1331:1332	arg1	CI					1345:1346	95% CI	1341:1346	95% CI	1341:1346	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	5	41	theme	interventions	919:931	arg1	risk					902:905	The risk	898:905	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups	898:980	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	2	42	theme	intra-articular	348:362	arg1	injections					367:376	intra-articular HA injections	348:376	intra-articular HA injections	348:376	The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular HA injections for knee OA management.
28781020	5	43	theme	HA	939:940	arg1	users					942:946	HA users	939:946	HA users relative to the comparison groups	939:980	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	3	44	theme	/unicompartmental	623:639	arg1	UKA					660:662	UKA	660:662	UKA	660:662	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	44	theme	/unicompartmental	623:639	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	44	theme	/unicompartmental	623:639	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	7	45	theme	CS	1321:1322	arg1	HR					1331:1332	HR	1331:1332	HR	1331:1332	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	7	45	theme	CS	1321:1322	arg1	users					1324:1328	CS users	1321:1328	CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12)	1321:1358	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	3	46	theme	TKA	619:621	arg1	UKA					660:662	UKA	660:662	UKA	660:662	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	46	theme	TKA	619:621	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	46	theme	TKA	619:621	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	2	47	theme	knee	382:385	arg1	management					390:399	knee OA management	382:399	knee OA management	382:399	The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular HA injections for knee OA management.
28781020	10	48	theme	residual	1818:1825	arg1	confounding					1827:1837	residual confounding	1818:1837	residual confounding using an hdPS	1818:1851	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	8	49	theme	sensitivity	1376:1386	arg1	analyses					1388:1395	the 8 sensitivity analyses	1370:1395	the 8 sensitivity analyses	1370:1395	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	9	50	dep	showed	1587:1592	arg1	HR					1625:1626	HR	1625:1626	HR	1625:1626	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	2	51	theme	injections	367:376	arg1	effectiveness					331:343	the effectiveness	327:343	the effectiveness of intra-articular HA injections for knee OA management	327:399	The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular HA injections for knee OA management.
28781020	3	52	theme	claims	525:530	arg1	sample					501:506	a 10% random sample	488:506	a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015)	488:542	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	1	53	theme	weak	266:269	arg1	evidence					287:294	weak and conflicting evidence	266:294	weak and conflicting evidence	266:294	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	9	54	theme	%	1637:1637	arg1	CI					1639:1640	95% CI	1635:1640	95% CI	1635:1640	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	8	55	theme	significant	1413:1423	arg1	benefit					1425:1431	no significant benefit	1410:1431	no significant benefit among HA users	1410:1446	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	56	theme	LifeLink	511:518	arg1	sample					501:506	a 10% random sample	488:506	a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015)	488:542	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	8	57	theme	HA/CS	1473:1477	arg1	nonusers					1479:1486	HA/CS nonusers	1473:1486	HA/CS nonusers	1473:1486	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	9	58	theme	surgery	1610:1616	arg1	risk					1602:1605	a lower risk	1594:1605	a lower risk of surgery of HA	1594:1622	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	10	59	theme	HA/CS	1769:1773	arg1	nonusers					1775:1782	HA/CS nonusers	1769:1782	HA/CS nonusers	1769:1782	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	9	60	contain	have	1569:1572	arg2	surgery					1579:1585	knee surgery	1574:1585	knee surgery	1574:1585	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	9	60	contain	have	1569:1572	arg1	those					1548:1552	those	1548:1552	those	1548:1552	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	1	61	theme	injections	187:196	arg1	Use					143:145	BACKGROUND Use	132:145	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)	132:231	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	4	62	theme	high-dimensional	766:781	arg1	hdPS					801:804	hdPS	801:804	hdPS	801:804	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	4	62	theme	high-dimensional	766:781	arg1	score					794:798	A high-dimensional propensity score	764:798	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS)	764:805	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	10	63	theme	significant	1680:1690	arg1	differences					1692:1702	no significant differences	1677:1702	no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users	1677:1755	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	4	64	theme	HA	825:826	arg1	users					828:832	HA users	825:832	HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates	825:895	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	6	65	theme	13,849	1047:1052	arg1	patients					1054:1061	13,849 patients	1047:1061	13,849 patients	1047:1061	RESULTS Among 13,849 patients, 797 were HA users, 5327 were CS users, and 7725 were HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	1	66	theme	intra-articular	150:164	arg1	injections					187:196	intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections	150:196	intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections	150:196	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	3	67	theme	HA	684:685	arg1	users					687:691	HA users	684:691	HA users	684:691	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	7	68	dep	users	1225:1229	arg1	0.67-1.16					1306:1314	0.67-1.16	1306:1314	0.67-1.16	1306:1314	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	7	69	theme	hazard	1251:1256	arg1	users					1225:1229	HA users	1222:1229	HA users	1222:1229	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	7	69	theme	hazard	1251:1256	arg1	ratio					1258:1262	hazard ratio [HR	1251:1266	hazard ratio [HR	1251:1266	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	3	70	with	persons	429:435	arg1	OA					447:448	knee OA	442:448	knee OA seeing a specialist	442:468	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	71	theme	comparison	699:708	arg1	groups					710:715	2 comparison groups	697:715	2 comparison groups	697:715	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	5	72	theme	relative	948:955	arg1	users					942:946	HA users	939:946	HA users relative to the comparison groups	939:980	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	6	73	theme	CS	1093:1094	arg1	users					1096:1100	CS users	1093:1100	CS users	1093:1100	RESULTS Among 13,849 patients, 797 were HA users, 5327 were CS users, and 7725 were HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	7	74	dep	ratio	1258:1262	arg1	%					1278:1278	0.88; 95%	1270:1278	0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI	1270:1302	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	10	75	theme	CS	1788:1789	arg1	users					1791:1795	CS users	1788:1795	CS users	1788:1795	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	9	76	theme	study	1532:1536	arg1	cohort					1538:1543	the study cohort	1528:1543	the study cohort	1528:1543	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	7	77	theme	HA	1222:1223	arg1	users					1225:1229	HA users	1222:1229	HA users	1222:1229	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	7	77	theme	HA	1222:1223	arg1	ratio					1258:1262	hazard ratio [HR	1251:1266	hazard ratio [HR	1251:1266	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	10	78	theme	surgical	1719:1726	arg1	interventions					1728:1740	surgical interventions	1719:1740	surgical interventions	1719:1740	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	1	79	theme	acid	177:180	arg1	injections					187:196	intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections	150:196	intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections	150:196	BACKGROUND Use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections to manage knee osteoarthritis (OA) remains controversial because of weak and conflicting evidence.
28781020	4	80	theme	background	875:884	arg1	covariates					886:895	background covariates	875:895	background covariates	875:895	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
28781020	0	81	from	Effectiveness	12:24	arg1	Time					98:101	the Time	94:101	the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures	94:129	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	10	82	theme	interventions	1728:1740	arg1	risk					1711:1714	the risk	1707:1714	the risk of surgical interventions among HA users	1707:1755	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	0	83	theme	Surgical	106:113	arg1	Procedures					120:129	Surgical Knee Procedures	106:129	Surgical Knee Procedures	106:129	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	10	84	from	differences	1692:1702	arg1	risk					1711:1714	the risk	1707:1714	the risk of surgical interventions among HA users	1707:1755	CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in the risk of surgical interventions among HA users compared to HA/CS nonusers and CS users after accounting for residual confounding using an hdPS.
28781020	9	85	dep	HR	1625:1626	arg1	0.79-0.95					1643:1651	0.79-0.95	1643:1651	0.79-0.95	1643:1651	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	9	85	dep	HR	1625:1626	arg1	CI					1639:1640	95% CI	1635:1640	95% CI	1635:1640	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	7	86	theme	%	1343:1343	arg1	CI					1345:1346	95% CI	1341:1346	95% CI	1341:1346	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	3	87	dep	METHODS	402:408	arg1	created					474:480	created	474:480	was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers	470:761	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	5	88	theme	Cox	1001:1003	arg1	models					1025:1030	Cox proportional hazard models	1001:1030	Cox proportional hazard models	1001:1030	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	5	89	theme	hazard	1018:1023	arg1	models					1025:1030	Cox proportional hazard models	1001:1030	Cox proportional hazard models	1001:1030	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	7	90	theme	interventions	1185:1197	arg1	risk					1158:1161	the risk	1154:1161	the risk of composite surgical interventions	1154:1197	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	2	91	theme	OA	387:388	arg1	management					390:399	knee OA management	382:399	knee OA management	382:399	The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular HA injections for knee OA management.
28781020	0	92	theme	Intra-Articular	29:43	arg1	Acid					56:59	Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid	29:59	Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid	29:59	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	7	93	theme	composite	1166:1174	arg1	interventions					1185:1197	composite surgical interventions	1166:1197	composite surgical interventions	1166:1197	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	0	94	theme	Acid	56:59	arg1	Effectiveness					12:24	Comparative Effectiveness	0:24	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures	0:129	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	7	95	theme	95	1341:1342	arg1	%					1343:1343	%	1343:1343	%	1343:1343	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	5	96	theme	surgical	910:917	arg1	interventions					919:931	surgical interventions	910:931	surgical interventions	910:931	The risk of surgical interventions among HA users relative to the comparison groups was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models.
28781020	3	97	theme	surgical	588:595	arg1	TKA					669:671	TKA	669:671	TKA	669:671	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	97	theme	surgical	588:595	arg1	interventions					597:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	composite (any) knee surgical interventions	567:609	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	97	theme	surgical	588:595	arg1	arthroplasty					646:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty	612:657	total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA)	612:663	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	0	98	theme	Corticosteroid	65:78	arg1	Injections					80:89	Corticosteroid Injections	65:89	Corticosteroid Injections	65:89	Comparative Effectiveness of Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid and Corticosteroid Injections on the Time to Surgical Knee Procedures.
28781020	7	99	theme	0.89	1335:1338	arg1	HR					1331:1332	HR	1331:1332	HR	1331:1332	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	7	99	theme	0.89	1335:1338	arg1	users					1324:1328	CS users	1321:1328	CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12)	1321:1358	After hdPS matching, the risk of composite surgical interventions did not differ between HA users and HA/CS nonusers (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-1.16) and CS users (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.12).
28781020	3	100	theme	nested	412:417	arg1	cohort					419:424	A nested cohort	410:424	A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist	410:468	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	3	101	theme	10	490:491	arg1	%					492:492	%	492:492	%	492:492	METHODS A nested cohort of persons with knee OA seeing a specialist was created using a 10% random sample of LifeLink Plus claims (2010-2015) to compare the risk of composite (any) knee surgical interventions, total (TKA)/unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and TKA only among HA users and 2 comparison groups: corticosteroid (CS) users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	8	102	theme	HA	1439:1440	arg1	users					1442:1446	HA users	1439:1446	HA users	1439:1446	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	9	103	theme	HA	1621:1622	arg1	risk					1602:1605	a lower risk	1594:1605	a lower risk of surgery of HA	1594:1622	A sensitivity analysis that restricted the study cohort to those who ultimately have knee surgery showed a lower risk of surgery of HA (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95).
28781020	8	104	theme	analyses	1388:1395	arg1	analyses					1388:1395	the 8 sensitivity analyses	1370:1395	the 8 sensitivity analyses	1370:1395	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	8	104	theme	analyses	1388:1395	arg1	Seven					1361:1365	Seven	1361:1365	Seven	1361:1365	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	6	105	dep	RESULTS	1033:1039	arg1	users					1076:1080	HA users	1073:1080	HA users	1073:1080	RESULTS Among 13,849 patients, 797 were HA users, 5327 were CS users, and 7725 were HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	6	105	dep	RESULTS	1033:1039	arg1	nonusers					1123:1130	HA/CS nonusers	1117:1130	HA/CS nonusers	1117:1130	RESULTS Among 13,849 patients, 797 were HA users, 5327 were CS users, and 7725 were HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	8	106	theme	CS	1460:1461	arg1	users					1463:1467	CS users	1460:1467	CS users	1460:1467	Seven of the 8 sensitivity analyses demonstrated no significant benefit among HA users compared to CS users and HA/CS nonusers.
28781020	4	107	from	nonusers	863:870	arg1	covariates					886:895	background covariates	875:895	background covariates	875:895	A high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) was used to match HA users with CS users and with HA/CS nonusers on background covariates.
26159659	8	0	theme	micron	1154:1159	arg1	microcapsules					1161:1173	well-dispersed micron microcapsules	1139:1173	well-dispersed micron microcapsules	1139:1173	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	9	1	theme	agricultural	1362:1373	arg1	industry					1375:1382	the agricultural industry	1358:1382	the agricultural industry	1358:1382	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	0	2	theme	emulsification/internal	98:120	arg1	gelation					122:129	emulsification/internal gelation	98:129	emulsification/internal gelation	98:129	Preparation and characterization of alginate-gelatin microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis SL-13 by emulsification/internal gelation.
26159659	4	3	theme	maximum	606:612	arg1	efficiency					628:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency	602:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency	602:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	4	3	theme	maximum	606:612	arg1	%					648:648	93.44%	643:648	93.44%	643:648	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	5	4	theme	beads	733:737	arg1	swelling					701:708	swelling	701:708	swelling	701:708	Particle size, swelling, and biodegradation of beads increased with gelatin content increase.
26159659	5	4	theme	beads	733:737	arg1	biodegradation					715:728	biodegradation	715:728	biodegradation	715:728	Particle size, swelling, and biodegradation of beads increased with gelatin content increase.
26159659	5	4	theme	beads	733:737	arg1	size					695:698	Particle size	686:698	Particle size	686:698	Particle size, swelling, and biodegradation of beads increased with gelatin content increase.
26159659	2	5	from	spherical	395:403	arg1	shape					408:412	shape	408:412	shape	408:412	Microscopic examination revealed that microcapsules were nearly spherical in shape.
26159659	7	6	theme	cells	925:929	arg1	number					908:913	The number	904:913	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules	904:957	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	9	7	theme	future	1335:1340	arg1	applications					1342:1353	future applications	1335:1353	future applications in the agricultural industry	1335:1382	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	7	8	attach	released	931:938	arg2	cells					925:929	viable cells	918:929	viable cells released from microcapsules	918:957	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	7	8	attach	released	931:938	arg1	microcapsules					945:957	microcapsules	945:957	microcapsules	945:957	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	5	9	theme	Particle	686:693	arg1	size					695:698	Particle size	686:698	Particle size	686:698	Particle size, swelling, and biodegradation of beads increased with gelatin content increase.
26159659	1	10	theme	emulsification/internal	290:312	arg1	method					323:328	emulsification/internal gelation method	290:328	emulsification/internal gelation method	290:328	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	2	11	from	shape	408:412	arg1	spherical					395:403	spherical	395:403	spherical	395:403	Microscopic examination revealed that microcapsules were nearly spherical in shape.
26159659	2	12	theme	Microscopic	331:341	arg1	examination					343:353	Microscopic examination	331:353	Microscopic examination	331:353	Microscopic examination revealed that microcapsules were nearly spherical in shape.
26159659	6	13	dep	10	861:862	arg1	8					864:864	8	864:864	8	864:864	Furthermore, the viability of encapsulated SL-13 could be preserved at more than 10(8) CFU/mL after 120 d storage at 25 °C.
26159659	1	14	theme	gelation	314:321	arg1	method					323:328	emulsification/internal gelation method	290:328	emulsification/internal gelation method	290:328	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	7	15	theme	viable	918:923	arg1	cells					925:929	viable cells	918:929	viable cells released from microcapsules	918:957	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	4	16	from	concentration	663:675	arg1	efficiency					628:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency	602:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency	602:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	4	16	from	concentration	663:675	arg1	%					648:648	93.44%	643:648	93.44%	643:648	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	8	17	theme	emulsification/internal	1188:1210	arg1	gelation					1212:1219	emulsification/internal gelation	1188:1219	emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites	1188:1254	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	1	18	theme	novel	193:197	arg1	fungicide					209:217	a novel microbial fungicide	191:217	a novel microbial fungicide	191:217	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	3	19	theme	differential	456:467	arg1	calorimetry					478:488	differential scanning calorimetry	456:488	differential scanning calorimetry	456:488	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the electrostatic interaction was occurred when gelatin added into NaALG.
26159659	8	20	theme	well-dispersed	1139:1152	arg1	microcapsules					1161:1173	well-dispersed micron microcapsules	1139:1173	well-dispersed micron microcapsules	1139:1173	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	5	21	theme	content	762:768	arg1	increase					770:777	gelatin content increase	754:777	gelatin content increase	754:777	Particle size, swelling, and biodegradation of beads increased with gelatin content increase.
26159659	1	22	theme	microbial	199:207	arg1	fungicide					209:217	a novel microbial fungicide	191:217	a novel microbial fungicide	191:217	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	3	23	theme	scanning	469:476	arg1	calorimetry					478:488	differential scanning calorimetry	456:488	differential scanning calorimetry	456:488	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the electrostatic interaction was occurred when gelatin added into NaALG.
26159659	8	24	theme	SL-13	1178:1182	arg1	microcapsules					1161:1173	well-dispersed micron microcapsules	1139:1173	well-dispersed micron microcapsules	1139:1173	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	8	24	theme	SL-13	1178:1182	arg1	uniform					1111:1117	uniform	1111:1117	uniform	1111:1117	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	8	24	theme	SL-13	1178:1182	arg1	shape					1128:1132	rounded shape	1120:1132	rounded shape	1120:1132	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	9	25	theme	encapsulation	1262:1274	arg1	strategy					1276:1283	This encapsulation strategy	1257:1283	This encapsulation strategy	1257:1283	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	9	25	theme	encapsulation	1262:1274	arg1	alternative					1320:1330	a potential alternative	1308:1330	a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry	1308:1382	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	8	26	theme	NaALG	1227:1231	arg1	composites					1245:1254	NaALG and gelatin composites	1227:1254	NaALG and gelatin composites	1227:1254	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	7	27	theme	gradual	1009:1015	arg1	increase					1017:1024	a gradual increase	1007:1024	a gradual increase	1007:1024	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	6	28	theme	120 d	880:884	arg1	storage					886:892	120 d storage	880:892	120 d storage at 25 °C	880:901	Furthermore, the viability of encapsulated SL-13 could be preserved at more than 10(8) CFU/mL after 120 d storage at 25 °C.
26159659	4	29	theme	gelatin	655:661	arg1	concentration					663:675	a gelatin concentration	653:675	a gelatin concentration of 1.5%	653:683	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	8	30	theme	gelatin	1237:1243	arg1	composites					1245:1254	NaALG and gelatin composites	1227:1254	NaALG and gelatin composites	1227:1254	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	1	31	theme	dispersed	224:232	arg1	microspheres					265:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	3	32	theme	electrostatic	532:544	arg1	interaction					546:556	the electrostatic interaction	528:556	the electrostatic interaction	528:556	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the electrostatic interaction was occurred when gelatin added into NaALG.
26159659	0	33	theme	alginate-gelatin	36:51	arg1	characterization					16:31	characterization	16:31	characterization	16:31	Preparation and characterization of alginate-gelatin microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis SL-13 by emulsification/internal gelation.
26159659	0	33	theme	alginate-gelatin	36:51	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation and characterization of alginate-gelatin microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis SL-13 by emulsification/internal gelation.
26159659	3	34	theme	X-ray	495:499	arg1	diffraction					501:511	X-ray diffraction	495:511	X-ray diffraction	495:511	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the electrostatic interaction was occurred when gelatin added into NaALG.
26159659	1	35	dep	Bacillus	241:248	arg1	subtilis					250:257	subtilis	250:257	subtilis	250:257	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	0	36	dep	Bacillus	71:78	arg1	subtilis					80:87	subtilis	80:87	subtilis	80:87	Preparation and characterization of alginate-gelatin microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis SL-13 by emulsification/internal gelation.
26159659	6	37	from	25 °C	897:901	arg1	storage					886:892	120 d storage	880:892	120 d storage at 25 °C	880:901	Furthermore, the viability of encapsulated SL-13 could be preserved at more than 10(8) CFU/mL after 120 d storage at 25 °C.
26159659	1	38	theme	micron	234:239	arg1	microspheres					265:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	4	39	theme	encapsulation	614:626	arg1	efficiency					628:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency	602:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency	602:637	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	4	39	theme	encapsulation	614:626	arg1	%					648:648	93.44%	643:648	93.44%	643:648	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	5	40	theme	gelatin	754:760	arg1	increase					770:777	gelatin content increase	754:777	gelatin content increase	754:777	Particle size, swelling, and biodegradation of beads increased with gelatin content increase.
26159659	0	41	theme	Bacillus	71:78	arg1	SL-13					89:93	Bacillus subtilis SL-13	71:93	Bacillus subtilis SL-13	71:93	Preparation and characterization of alginate-gelatin microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis SL-13 by emulsification/internal gelation.
26159659	3	42	dep	Fourier	415:421	arg1	transform					423:431	transform	423:431	transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction	423:511	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the electrostatic interaction was occurred when gelatin added into NaALG.
26159659	1	43	theme	sodium	157:162	arg1	alginate					164:171	sodium alginate	157:171	sodium alginate (NaALG)	157:179	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	1	43	theme	sodium	157:162	arg1	NaALG					174:178	NaALG	174:178	NaALG	174:178	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	7	44	theme	initial	972:978	arg1	increase					986:993	an initial rapid increase	969:993	an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase	969:1024	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	3	45	dep	transform	423:431	arg1	infrared					433:440	infrared	433:440	transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction	423:511	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction confirmed that the electrostatic interaction was occurred when gelatin added into NaALG.
26159659	9	46	from	applications	1342:1353	arg1	industry					1375:1382	the agricultural industry	1358:1382	the agricultural industry	1358:1382	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	7	47	theme	rapid	980:984	arg1	increase					986:993	an initial rapid increase	969:993	an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase	969:1024	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26159659	1	48	theme	Bacillus	241:248	arg1	microspheres					265:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	8	49	theme	rounded	1120:1126	arg1	shape					1128:1132	rounded shape	1120:1132	rounded shape	1120:1132	Thus, it is feasible to prepare uniform, rounded shape, and well-dispersed micron microcapsules of SL-13 via emulsification/internal gelation using NaALG and gelatin composites.
26159659	6	50	theme	SL-13	823:827	arg1	viability					797:805	the viability	793:805	the viability of encapsulated SL-13	793:827	Furthermore, the viability of encapsulated SL-13 could be preserved at more than 10(8) CFU/mL after 120 d storage at 25 °C.
26159659	1	51	theme	SL-13	259:263	arg1	microspheres					265:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres	224:276	Gelatin was blended with sodium alginate (NaALG) to obtain a novel microbial fungicide, and dispersed micron Bacillus subtilis SL-13 microspheres prepared by emulsification/internal gelation method.
26159659	4	52	theme	%	683:683	arg1	concentration					663:675	a gelatin concentration	653:675	a gelatin concentration of 1.5%	653:683	The maximum encapsulation efficiency was 93.44% at a gelatin concentration of 1.5%.
26159659	9	53	theme	potential	1310:1318	arg1	strategy					1276:1283	This encapsulation strategy	1257:1283	This encapsulation strategy	1257:1283	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	9	53	theme	potential	1310:1318	arg1	alternative					1320:1330	a potential alternative	1308:1330	a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry	1308:1382	This encapsulation strategy could be considered as a potential alternative to future applications in the agricultural industry.
26159659	6	54	theme	encapsulated	810:821	arg1	SL-13					823:827	encapsulated SL-13	810:827	encapsulated SL-13	810:827	Furthermore, the viability of encapsulated SL-13 could be preserved at more than 10(8) CFU/mL after 120 d storage at 25 °C.
26159659	7	55	from	 CFU/mL	1060:1066	arg1	day					1071:1073	day 35	1071:1076	day 35	1071:1076	The number of viable cells released from microcapsules presented an initial rapid increase followed by a gradual increase, and reached the maximum as 10(10) CFU/mL on day 35.
26478340	5	0	theme	burst	1110:1114	arg1	release					1116:1122	burst release	1110:1122	burst release within the first 2h	1110:1142	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	6	1	theme	antibacterial	1212:1224	arg1	properties					1241:1250	antibacterial and mechanical properties	1212:1250	antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1212:1287	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	6	2	theme	core	1267:1270	arg1	nanofibers					1278:1287	drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1255:1287	drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1255:1287	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	4	3	from	membranes	991:999	arg1	rate					965:968	TCH release rate	953:968	TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes	953:999	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	6	4	dep	loaded	1260:1265	arg1	drug					1255:1258	drug	1255:1258	drug	1255:1258	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	2	5	from	drug	520:523	arg1	compositions					538:549	different compositions	528:549	different compositions	528:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	4	6	theme	blend	883:887	arg1	nanofibers					889:898	blend nanofibers	883:898	blend nanofibers	883:898	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	4	7	theme	release	824:830	arg1	studies					832:838	Drug release studies	819:838	Drug release studies	819:838	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	5	8	theme	core-shell	1031:1040	arg1	nanofibers					1042:1051	core-shell nanofibers	1031:1051	core-shell nanofibers	1031:1051	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	5	9	theme	first	1135:1139	arg1	2h					1141:1142	the first 2h	1131:1142	the first 2h	1131:1142	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	4	10	theme	Drug	819:822	arg1	studies					832:838	Drug release studies	819:838	Drug release studies	819:838	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	5	11	with	days	1088:1091	arg1	%					1105:1105	only 19%	1098:1105	only 19% of burst release within the first 2h	1098:1142	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	5	11	with	days	1088:1091	arg1	release					1116:1122	burst release	1110:1122	burst release within the first 2h	1110:1142	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	4	12	theme	core-shell	908:917	arg1	structure					919:927	the core-shell structure	904:927	the core-shell structure	904:927	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	6	13	theme	shell	1272:1276	arg1	nanofibers					1278:1287	drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1255:1287	drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1255:1287	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	3	14	theme	blend	687:691	arg1	PLGA/GT					693:699	blend PLGA/GT	687:699	blend PLGA/GT	687:699	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	3	15	dep	460	811:813	arg1	to					808:809	to	808:809	to	808:809	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	1	16	theme	drug	190:193	arg1	drug					190:193	drug	190:193	drug	190:193	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	1	16	theme	drug	190:193	arg1	amount					180:185	a predetermined amount	164:185	a predetermined amount of drug	164:193	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	4	17	theme	TCH	953:955	arg1	rate					965:968	TCH release rate	953:968	TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes	953:999	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	3	18	theme	fabricated	670:679	arg1	nanofibers					724:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	19	theme	carrier	583:589	arg1	scaffold					591:598	a drug carrier scaffold	576:598	a drug carrier scaffold	576:598	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	3	20	contain	had	735:737	arg1	nanofibers					724:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	3	20	contain	had	735:737	arg2	morphology					762:771	a smooth and bead-less morphology	739:771	a smooth and bead-less morphology	739:771	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	21	theme	coaxial	376:382	arg1	electrospinning					384:398	coaxial electrospinning	376:398	coaxial electrospinning	376:398	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	3	22	theme	PLGA	681:684	arg1	nanofibers					724:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	23	theme	drug	578:581	arg1	scaffold					591:598	a drug carrier scaffold	576:598	a drug carrier scaffold	576:598	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	0	24	theme	periodontal	92:102	arg1	regeneration					104:115	periodontal regeneration	92:115	periodontal regeneration	92:115	Electrospinning of PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers containing tetracycline hydrochloride for periodontal regeneration.
26478340	1	25	theme	Controlled	118:127	arg1	release					134:140	Controlled drug release	118:140	Controlled drug release	118:140	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	1	25	theme	Controlled	118:127	arg1	process					147:153	a process	145:153	a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner	145:284	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	6	26	theme	periodontal	1360:1370	arg1	diseases					1372:1379	periodontal diseases	1360:1379	periodontal diseases	1360:1379	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	3	27	theme	core	705:708	arg1	PLGA/GT					716:722	core shell PLGA/GT	705:722	core shell PLGA/GT	705:722	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	1	28	theme	drug	129:132	arg1	release					134:140	Controlled drug release	118:140	Controlled drug release	118:140	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	1	28	theme	drug	129:132	arg1	process					147:153	a process	145:153	a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner	145:284	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	5	29	theme	TCH	1022:1024	arg1	incorporation					1005:1017	incorporation	1005:1017	incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers	1005:1051	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	0	30	theme	tragacanth	28:37	arg1	nanofibers					39:48	PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers	19:48	PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers	19:48	Electrospinning of PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers containing tetracycline hydrochloride for periodontal regeneration.
26478340	1	31	theme	controlled	268:277	arg1	manner					279:284	a controlled manner	266:284	a controlled manner	266:284	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	2	32	theme	model	514:518	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	32	theme	model	514:518	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	32	theme	model	514:518	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	32	theme	model	514:518	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	6	33	theme	nanofibers	1278:1287	arg1	properties					1241:1250	antibacterial and mechanical properties	1212:1250	antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1212:1287	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	6	34	theme	promising	1301:1309	arg1	candidate					1311:1319	a promising candidate	1299:1319	a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases	1299:1379	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	1	35	theme	longer	211:216	arg1	period					218:223	longer period	211:223	longer period	211:223	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	0	36	theme	PLGA/gum	19:26	arg1	nanofibers					39:48	PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers	19:48	PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers	19:48	Electrospinning of PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers containing tetracycline hydrochloride for periodontal regeneration.
26478340	3	37	theme	PLGA/GT	693:699	arg1	nanofibers					724:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	38	theme	hydrophilic	502:512	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	38	theme	hydrophilic	502:512	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	38	theme	hydrophilic	502:512	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	38	theme	hydrophilic	502:512	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	6	39	theme	proven	1187:1192	arg1	biocompatibility					1194:1209	proven biocompatibility	1187:1209	proven biocompatibility	1187:1209	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	2	40	theme	lactic	411:416	arg1	PLGA					433:436	PLGA	433:436	PLGA	433:436	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	40	theme	lactic	411:416	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	40	theme	lactic	411:416	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	40	theme	lactic	411:416	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	40	theme	lactic	411:416	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	6	41	theme	delivery	1340:1347	arg1	system					1349:1354	drug delivery system	1335:1354	drug delivery system for periodontal diseases	1335:1379	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	5	42	theme	release	1116:1122	arg1	%					1105:1105	only 19%	1098:1105	only 19% of burst release within the first 2h	1098:1142	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	5	42	theme	release	1116:1122	arg1	release					1116:1122	burst release	1110:1122	burst release within the first 2h	1110:1142	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	4	43	theme	GT	873:874	arg1	fraction					861:868	the fraction	857:868	the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers	857:898	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	4	43	theme	GT	873:874	arg1	structure					919:927	the core-shell structure	904:927	the core-shell structure	904:927	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	3	44	theme	Scanning	615:622	arg1	microscopy					633:642	Scanning electron microscopy	615:642	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	615:656	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	3	44	theme	Scanning	615:622	arg1	SEM					645:647	SEM	645:647	SEM	645:647	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	6	45	theme	drug	1159:1162	arg1	release					1164:1170	The prolonged drug release	1145:1170	The prolonged drug release	1145:1170	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	2	46	theme	poly	406:409	arg1	PLGA					433:436	PLGA	433:436	PLGA	433:436	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	46	theme	poly	406:409	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	46	theme	poly	406:409	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	46	theme	poly	406:409	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	46	theme	poly	406:409	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	0	47	theme	nanofibers	39:48	arg1	Electrospinning					0:14	Electrospinning	0:14	Electrospinning of PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers	0:48	Electrospinning of PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers containing tetracycline hydrochloride for periodontal regeneration.
26478340	6	48	theme	drug	1335:1338	arg1	system					1349:1354	drug delivery system	1335:1354	drug delivery system for periodontal diseases	1335:1379	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	6	49	theme	loaded	1260:1265	arg1	nanofibers					1278:1287	drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1255:1287	drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1255:1287	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	4	50	theme	nanofibrous	979:989	arg1	membranes					991:999	the nanofibrous membranes	975:999	the nanofibrous membranes	975:999	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	1	51	theme	time	228:231	arg1	period					218:223	longer period	211:223	longer period	211:223	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	2	52	theme	gum	440:442	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	52	theme	gum	440:442	arg1	GT					456:457	GT	456:457	GT	456:457	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	52	theme	gum	440:442	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	52	theme	gum	440:442	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	52	theme	gum	440:442	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	3	53	theme	shell	710:714	arg1	PLGA/GT					716:722	core shell PLGA/GT	705:722	core shell PLGA/GT	705:722	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	5	54	theme	drug	1054:1057	arg1	release					1059:1065	drug release	1054:1065	drug release	1054:1065	By incorporation of TCH into core-shell nanofibers, drug release was sustained for 75 days with only 19% of burst release within the first 2h.
26478340	0	55	theme	tetracycline	61:72	arg1	hydrochloride					74:86	tetracycline hydrochloride	61:86	tetracycline hydrochloride for periodontal regeneration	61:115	Electrospinning of PLGA/gum tragacanth nanofibers containing tetracycline hydrochloride for periodontal regeneration.
26478340	3	56	theme	PLGA/GT	716:722	arg1	nanofibers					724:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers	670:733	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	57	theme	different	528:536	arg1	compositions					538:549	different compositions	528:549	different compositions	528:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	58	theme	delivery	313:320	arg1	devices					322:328	novel drug delivery devices	302:328	novel drug delivery devices	302:328	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	6	59	theme	mechanical	1230:1239	arg1	properties					1241:1250	antibacterial and mechanical properties	1212:1250	antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers	1212:1287	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	6	60	theme	prolonged	1149:1157	arg1	release					1164:1170	The prolonged drug release	1145:1170	The prolonged drug release	1145:1170	The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.
26478340	2	61	theme	drug	308:311	arg1	devices					322:328	novel drug delivery devices	302:328	novel drug delivery devices	302:328	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	3	62	theme	bead-less	752:760	arg1	morphology					762:771	a smooth and bead-less morphology	739:771	a smooth and bead-less morphology	739:771	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	3	63	theme	electron	624:631	arg1	microscopy					633:642	Scanning electron microscopy	615:642	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	615:656	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	3	63	theme	electron	624:631	arg1	SEM					645:647	SEM	645:647	SEM	645:647	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	64	theme	novel	302:306	arg1	devices					322:328	novel drug delivery devices	302:328	novel drug delivery devices	302:328	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	65	theme	tetracycline	464:475	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	65	theme	tetracycline	464:475	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	65	theme	tetracycline	464:475	arg1	TCH					492:494	TCH	492:494	TCH	492:494	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	65	theme	tetracycline	464:475	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	65	theme	tetracycline	464:475	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	3	66	theme	microscopy	633:642	arg1	results					650:656	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	615:656	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results	615:656	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	2	67	theme	glycolic	418:425	arg1	PLGA					433:436	PLGA	433:436	PLGA	433:436	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	67	theme	glycolic	418:425	arg1	acid					427:430	poly lactic glycolic acid	406:430	poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA)	406:437	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	67	theme	glycolic	418:425	arg1	tragacanth					444:453	gum tragacanth	440:453	gum tragacanth (GT)	440:458	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	67	theme	glycolic	418:425	arg1	hydrochloride					477:489	tetracycline hydrochloride	464:489	tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)	464:495	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	67	theme	glycolic	418:425	arg1	drug					520:523	a hydrophilic model drug	500:523	a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions	500:549	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	2	68	theme	blend	350:354	arg1	electrospinning					356:370	blend electrospinning	350:370	blend electrospinning	350:370	In this study, novel drug delivery devices were fabricated via blend electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning using poly lactic glycolic acid (PLGA), gum tragacanth (GT) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) as a hydrophilic model drug in different compositions and their performance as a drug carrier scaffold was evaluated.
26478340	3	69	theme	smooth	741:746	arg1	morphology					762:771	a smooth and bead-less morphology	739:771	a smooth and bead-less morphology	739:771	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that fabricated PLGA, blend PLGA/GT and core shell PLGA/GT nanofibers had a smooth and bead-less morphology with the diameter ranging from 180 to 460 nm.
26478340	4	70	theme	release	957:963	arg1	rate					965:968	TCH release rate	953:968	TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes	953:999	Drug release studies showed that both the fraction of GT within blend nanofibers and the core-shell structure can effectively control TCH release rate from the nanofibrous membranes.
26478340	1	71	theme	predetermined	166:178	arg1	drug					190:193	drug	190:193	drug	190:193	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
26478340	1	71	theme	predetermined	166:178	arg1	amount					180:185	a predetermined amount	164:185	a predetermined amount of drug	164:193	Controlled drug release is a process in which a predetermined amount of drug is released for longer period of time, ranging from days to months, in a controlled manner.
24769088	8	0	theme	wound	1061:1065	arg1	applications					1076:1087	wound dressing applications	1061:1087	wound dressing applications	1061:1087	Thus, the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers are promising for wound dressing applications.
24769088	6	1	theme	chitosan/sericin	766:781	arg1	nanofibers					793:802	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	762:802	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	762:802	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	6	1	theme	chitosan/sericin	766:781	arg1	biocompatible					809:821	biocompatible	809:821	biocompatible	809:821	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	7	2	theme	Gram-positive	953:965	arg1	bacteria					985:992	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	953:992	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	953:992	Furthermore, the composite nanofibers showed good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
24769088	4	3	dep	microscopy	471:480	arg1	studies					600:606	studies	600:606	studies	600:606	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	4	4	theme	X-ray	538:542	arg1	diffraction					544:554	X-ray diffraction	538:554	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	538:560	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	4	4	theme	X-ray	538:542	arg1	XRD					557:559	XRD	557:559	XRD	557:559	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	8	5	theme	chitosan/sericin	1005:1020	arg1	nanofibers					1032:1041	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	1001:1041	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	1001:1041	Thus, the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers are promising for wound dressing applications.
24769088	8	5	theme	chitosan/sericin	1005:1020	arg1	promising					1047:1055	promising	1047:1055	promising	1047:1055	Thus, the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers are promising for wound dressing applications.
24769088	7	6	theme	composite	882:890	arg1	nanofibers					892:901	the composite nanofibers	878:901	the composite nanofibers	878:901	Furthermore, the composite nanofibers showed good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
24769088	5	7	theme	composite	613:621	arg1	nanofibers					623:632	The composite nanofibers	609:632	The composite nanofibers	609:632	The composite nanofibers had good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm.
24769088	4	8	theme	electron	462:469	arg1	SEM					483:485	SEM	483:485	SEM	483:485	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	4	8	theme	electron	462:469	arg1	microscopy					471:480	scanning electron microscopy	453:480	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	453:486	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	7	9	theme	good	910:913	arg1	activity					928:935	good bactericidal activity	910:935	good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	910:992	Furthermore, the composite nanofibers showed good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
24769088	6	10	theme	cell	845:848	arg1	proliferation					850:862	the cell proliferation	841:862	the cell proliferation	841:862	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	4	11	theme	scanning	453:460	arg1	SEM					483:485	SEM	483:485	SEM	483:485	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	4	11	theme	scanning	453:460	arg1	microscopy					471:480	scanning electron microscopy	453:480	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	453:486	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	6	12	theme	MTT	732:734	arg1	assays					737:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	0	13	theme	composite	29:37	arg1	dressings					97:105	potential wound dressings	81:105	potential wound dressings	81:105	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	0	13	theme	composite	29:37	arg1	nanofibers					39:48	composite nanofibers	29:48	composite nanofibers with antibacterial property	29:76	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	5	14	contain	had	634:636	arg1	nanofibers					623:632	The composite nanofibers	609:632	The composite nanofibers	609:632	The composite nanofibers had good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm.
24769088	5	14	contain	had	634:636	arg2	morphology					643:652	good morphology	638:652	good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm	638:690	The composite nanofibers had good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm.
24769088	0	15	theme	antibacterial	55:67	arg1	property					69:76	antibacterial property	55:76	antibacterial property	55:76	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	8	16	theme	composite	1022:1030	arg1	nanofibers					1032:1041	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	1001:1041	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	1001:1041	Thus, the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers are promising for wound dressing applications.
24769088	8	16	theme	composite	1022:1030	arg1	promising					1047:1055	promising	1047:1055	promising	1047:1055	Thus, the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers are promising for wound dressing applications.
24769088	6	17	theme	tetrazolium	719:729	arg1	assays					737:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	2	18	theme	good	196:199	arg1	compatibility					201:213	good compatibility	196:213	good compatibility	196:213	Both biomaterials displayed good compatibility to human tissues and antibacterial properties for biomedical application.
24769088	2	19	theme	biomedical	265:274	arg1	application					276:286	biomedical application	265:286	biomedical application	265:286	Both biomaterials displayed good compatibility to human tissues and antibacterial properties for biomedical application.
24769088	0	20	with	nanofibers	39:48	arg1	property					69:76	antibacterial property	55:76	antibacterial property	55:76	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	4	21	theme	thermogravimetric	567:583	arg1	TGA					595:597	TGA	595:597	TGA	595:597	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	4	21	theme	thermogravimetric	567:583	arg1	analysis					585:592	thermogravimetric analysis	567:592	thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)	567:598	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	3	22	theme	composite	353:361	arg1	nanofibers					363:372	chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	336:372	chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	336:372	In this study, we have successfully fabricated chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers by electrospinning.
24769088	7	23	theme	bactericidal	915:926	arg1	activity					928:935	good bactericidal activity	910:935	good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	910:992	Furthermore, the composite nanofibers showed good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
24769088	4	24	theme	obtained	398:405	arg1	nanofibers					417:426	The obtained composite nanofibers	394:426	The obtained composite nanofibers	394:426	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	1	25	theme	natural	133:139	arg1	sericin					121:127	sericin	121:127	sericin	121:127	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	1	25	theme	natural	133:139	arg1	Chitosan					108:115	Chitosan	108:115	Chitosan	108:115	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	1	25	theme	natural	133:139	arg1	biomaterials					154:165	natural and low cost biomaterials	133:165	natural and low cost biomaterials	133:165	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	5	26	with	morphology	643:652	arg1	diameter					659:666	diameter	659:666	diameter	659:666	The composite nanofibers had good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm.
24769088	2	27	theme	antibacterial	236:248	arg1	properties					250:259	antibacterial properties	236:259	antibacterial properties	236:259	Both biomaterials displayed good compatibility to human tissues and antibacterial properties for biomedical application.
24769088	6	28	theme	thiazolyl	709:717	arg1	assays					737:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	5	29	theme	good	638:641	arg1	morphology					643:652	good morphology	638:652	good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm	638:690	The composite nanofibers had good morphology with diameter between 240nm and 380nm.
24769088	8	30	theme	dressing	1067:1074	arg1	applications					1076:1087	wound dressing applications	1061:1087	wound dressing applications	1061:1087	Thus, the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers are promising for wound dressing applications.
24769088	1	31	theme	low	145:147	arg1	sericin					121:127	sericin	121:127	sericin	121:127	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	1	31	theme	low	145:147	arg1	Chitosan					108:115	Chitosan	108:115	Chitosan	108:115	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	1	31	theme	low	145:147	arg1	biomaterials					154:165	natural and low cost biomaterials	133:165	natural and low cost biomaterials	133:165	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	6	32	theme	methyl	702:707	arg1	assays					737:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	3	33	theme	chitosan/sericin	336:351	arg1	nanofibers					363:372	chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	336:372	chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	336:372	In this study, we have successfully fabricated chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers by electrospinning.
24769088	4	34	theme	composite	407:415	arg1	nanofibers					417:426	The obtained composite nanofibers	394:426	The obtained composite nanofibers	394:426	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	1	35	theme	cost	149:152	arg1	sericin					121:127	sericin	121:127	sericin	121:127	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	1	35	theme	cost	149:152	arg1	Chitosan					108:115	Chitosan	108:115	Chitosan	108:115	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	1	35	theme	cost	149:152	arg1	biomaterials					154:165	natural and low cost biomaterials	133:165	natural and low cost biomaterials	133:165	Chitosan and sericin are natural and low cost biomaterials.
24769088	4	36	dep	transform	497:505	arg1	infrared					507:514	infrared	507:514	transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR)	497:535	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	0	37	theme	wound	91:95	arg1	dressings					97:105	potential wound dressings	81:105	potential wound dressings	81:105	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	0	37	theme	wound	91:95	arg1	nanofibers					39:48	composite nanofibers	29:48	composite nanofibers with antibacterial property	29:76	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	2	38	theme	human	218:222	arg1	tissues					224:230	human tissues	218:230	human tissues	218:230	Both biomaterials displayed good compatibility to human tissues and antibacterial properties for biomedical application.
24769088	6	39	dep	In	693:694	arg1	vitro					696:700	vitro	696:700	vitro	696:700	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	6	40	theme	In	693:694	arg1	assays					737:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays	693:742	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	4	41	dep	Fourier	489:495	arg1	transform					497:505	transform	497:505	transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR)	497:535	The obtained composite nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies.
24769088	0	42	theme	potential	81:89	arg1	dressings					97:105	potential wound dressings	81:105	potential wound dressings	81:105	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	0	42	theme	potential	81:89	arg1	nanofibers					39:48	composite nanofibers	29:48	composite nanofibers with antibacterial property	29:76	Electrospun chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers with antibacterial property as potential wound dressings.
24769088	6	43	theme	composite	783:791	arg1	nanofibers					793:802	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	762:802	the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers	762:802	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	6	43	theme	composite	783:791	arg1	biocompatible					809:821	biocompatible	809:821	biocompatible	809:821	In vitro methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays demonstrated that the chitosan/sericin composite nanofibers were biocompatible and could promote the cell proliferation.
24769088	7	44	theme	Gram-negative	971:983	arg1	bacteria					985:992	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	953:992	Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	953:992	Furthermore, the composite nanofibers showed good bactericidal activity against both of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
26130297	9	0	theme	sweetened	1592:1600	arg1	ASBs					1613:1616	ASBs	1613:1616	ASBs	1613:1616	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	9	0	theme	sweetened	1592:1600	arg1	beverages					1602:1610	artificially sweetened beverages	1579:1610	artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs)	1579:1617	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	10	1	theme	ASBs	1792:1795	arg1	changes					1805:1811	the changes	1801:1811	the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012	1801:1859	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	1	theme	ASBs	1792:1795	arg1	consumption					1769:1779	baseline consumption	1760:1779	baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs	1760:1795	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	11	2	dep	dimensions	1981:1990	arg1	either					1951:1956	either	1951:1956	either	1951:1956	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	1	3	theme	sugar-sweetened	178:192	arg1	beverages					194:202	sugar-sweetened beverages	178:202	sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)	178:208	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	1	3	theme	sugar-sweetened	178:192	arg1	SSB					205:207	SSB	205:207	SSB	205:207	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	10	4	theme	SSBs	1784:1787	arg1	changes					1805:1811	the changes	1801:1811	the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012	1801:1859	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	4	theme	SSBs	1784:1787	arg1	consumption					1769:1779	baseline consumption	1760:1779	baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs	1760:1795	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	7	5	from	RESULTS	961:967	arg1	analyses					988:995	cross-sectional analyses	972:995	cross-sectional analyses at baseline	972:1007	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	5	from	RESULTS	961:967	arg1	those					1010:1014	those	1010:1014	those	1010:1014	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	5	from	RESULTS	961:967	arg1	baseline					1000:1007	baseline	1000:1007	baseline	1000:1007	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	3	6	theme	SUBJECTS/METHODS	529:544	arg1	cohort					550:555	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort	529:555	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort	529:555	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	5	7	theme	study	842:846	arg1	participants					848:859	2132 study participants	837:859	2132 study participants in 2012	837:867	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	9	8	theme	composite	1657:1665	arg1	MCS					1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	9	8	theme	composite	1657:1665	arg1	summary					1667:1673	the mental composite summary	1646:1673	the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12	1646:1692	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	10	9	from	2012	1856:1859	arg1	score					1832:1836	score	1832:1836	score	1832:1836	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	9	10	theme	mental	1650:1655	arg1	MCS					1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	9	10	theme	mental	1650:1655	arg1	summary					1667:1673	the mental composite summary	1646:1673	the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12	1646:1692	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	8	11	dep	%	1390:1390	arg1	-0.62					1405:1409	-0.62	1405:1409	-0.62	1405:1409	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	7	12	theme	cross-sectional	972:986	arg1	analyses					988:995	cross-sectional analyses	972:995	cross-sectional analyses at baseline	972:1007	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	12	theme	cross-sectional	972:986	arg1	those					1010:1014	those	1010:1014	those	1010:1014	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	1	13	theme	accumulated	121:131	arg1	evidence					133:140	the accumulated evidence	117:140	the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)	117:208	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	2	14	theme	Spain	522:526	arg1	population					508:517	the adult population	498:517	the adult population of Spain	498:526	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	7	15	theme	<1	1242:1243	arg1	serving/week					1245:1256	<1 serving/week	1242:1256	<1 serving/week	1242:1256	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	16	contain	had	1048:1050	arg1	serving/day					1029:1039	⩾1 serving/day	1026:1039	⩾1 serving/day of SSB	1026:1046	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	16	contain	had	1048:1050	arg2	score					1068:1072	a lower (worse) score	1052:1072	a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54)	1052:1219	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	11	17	theme	No	1874:1875	arg1	evidence					1877:1884	CONCLUSIONS No evidence	1862:1884	CONCLUSIONS No evidence	1862:1884	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	1	18	dep	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES	87:107	arg1	evidence					133:140	the accumulated evidence	117:140	the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)	117:208	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	3	19	with	2008-2010	576:584	arg1	individuals					596:606	8417 individuals	591:606	8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years	591:664	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	5	20	from	subsample	824:832	arg1	2012					864:867	2012	864:867	2012	864:867	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	1	21	theme	health	149:154	arg1	risks					156:160	the health risks	145:160	the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)	145:208	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	4	22	theme	soft	676:679	arg1	consumption					687:697	Habitual soft drink consumption	667:697	Habitual soft drink consumption	667:697	Habitual soft drink consumption was assessed with a validated diet history at baseline.
26130297	7	23	theme	regression	1144:1153	arg1	coefficient					1155:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient	1128:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	5	24	from	2012	864:867	arg1	subsample					824:832	a subsample	822:832	a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012	822:867	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	0	25	from	Consumption	0:10	arg1	population					75:84	the adult population	65:84	the adult population	65:84	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	9	26	theme	SF-12	1688:1692	arg1	MCS					1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	9	26	theme	SF-12	1688:1692	arg1	summary					1667:1673	the mental composite summary	1646:1673	the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12	1646:1692	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	10	27	from	consumption	1769:1779	arg1	MCS					1828:1830	MCS	1828:1830	MCS	1828:1830	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	27	from	consumption	1769:1779	arg1	PCS					1820:1822	PCS	1820:1822	PCS	1820:1822	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	28	theme	prospective	1702:1712	arg1	analyses					1714:1721	the prospective analyses	1698:1721	the prospective analyses	1698:1721	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	7	29	theme	adjusted	1128:1135	arg1	coefficient					1155:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient	1128:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	5	30	from	participants	848:859	arg1	2012					864:867	2012	864:867	2012	864:867	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	0	31	from	quality	46:52	arg1	population					75:84	the adult population	65:84	the adult population	65:84	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	7	32	theme	SF-12	1121:1125	arg1	score					1068:1072	a lower (worse) score	1052:1072	a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54)	1052:1219	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	0	33	theme	health-related	31:44	arg1	quality					46:52	health-related quality	31:52	health-related quality of life	31:60	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	1	34	from	evidence	133:140	arg1	risks					156:160	the health risks	145:160	the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)	145:208	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	10	35	dep	2012	1856:1859	arg1	to					1853:1854	to	1853:1854	to	1853:1854	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	2	36	theme	quality	445:451	arg1	consumption					399:409	consumption	399:409	consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL)	399:466	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	11	37	contain	has	1924:1926	arg2	effect					1941:1946	a beneficial effect	1928:1946	a beneficial effect	1928:1946	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	11	37	contain	has	1924:1926	arg1	consumption					1912:1922	soft drink consumption	1901:1922	soft drink consumption	1901:1922	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	5	38	theme	SF-12	783:787	arg1	questionnaire					789:801	the SF-12 questionnaire	779:801	the SF-12 questionnaire	779:801	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	8	39	dep	-0.32	1345:1349	arg1	to					1342:1343	to	1342:1343	to	1342:1343	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	4	40	theme	diet	729:732	arg1	history					734:740	a validated diet history	717:740	a validated diet history at baseline	717:752	Habitual soft drink consumption was assessed with a validated diet history at baseline.
26130297	2	41	theme	soft	414:417	arg1	drinks					419:424	soft drinks	414:424	soft drinks	414:424	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	0	42	theme	soft	15:18	arg1	drinks					20:25	soft drinks	15:25	soft drinks	15:25	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	1	43	theme	soft	289:292	arg1	drinks					294:299	soft drinks	289:299	soft drinks	289:299	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	1	43	theme	soft	289:292	arg1	SSB					312:314	SSB	312:314	SSB	312:314	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	0	44	theme	life	57:60	arg1	Consumption					0:10	Consumption	0:10	Consumption of soft drinks	0:25	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	0	44	theme	life	57:60	arg1	quality					46:52	health-related quality	31:52	health-related quality of life	31:60	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	7	45	dep	coefficient	1155:1165	arg1	interval					1190:1197	95% confidence interval	1175:1197	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	45	dep	coefficient	1155:1165	arg1	-1.08					1168:1172	-1.08	1168:1172	-1.08	1168:1172	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	45	dep	coefficient	1155:1165	arg1	-0.54					1214:1218	-0.54	1214:1218	-0.54	1214:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	45	dep	coefficient	1155:1165	arg1	CI					1200:1201	CI	1200:1201	CI	1200:1201	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	2	46	theme	life	456:459	arg1	drinks					419:424	soft drinks	414:424	soft drinks	414:424	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	2	46	theme	life	456:459	arg1	quality					445:451	health-related quality	430:451	health-related quality of life (HRQL)	430:466	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	2	46	theme	life	456:459	arg1	HRQL					462:465	HRQL	462:465	HRQL	462:465	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	8	47	theme	CI	1392:1393	arg1	%					1390:1390	-1.21; 95% CI	1381:1393	-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62	1381:1409	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	3	48	theme	representative	608:621	arg1	individuals					596:606	8417 individuals	591:606	8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years	591:664	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	7	49	theme	physical	1081:1088	arg1	PCS					1109:1111	PCS	1109:1111	PCS	1109:1111	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	49	theme	physical	1081:1088	arg1	summary					1100:1106	the physical composite summary	1077:1106	the physical composite summary (PCS)	1077:1112	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	10	50	from	changes	1805:1811	arg1	MCS					1828:1830	MCS	1828:1830	MCS	1828:1830	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	50	from	changes	1805:1811	arg1	PCS					1820:1822	PCS	1820:1822	PCS	1820:1822	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	3	51	theme	population	638:647	arg1	representative					608:621	representative	608:621	representative	608:621	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	7	52	theme	%	1177:1177	arg1	interval					1190:1197	95% confidence interval	1175:1197	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	52	theme	%	1177:1177	arg1	CI					1200:1201	CI	1200:1201	CI	1200:1201	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	11	53	theme	HRQL	1995:1998	arg1	dimensions					1981:1990	either the physical or mental dimensions	1951:1990	dimensions	1981:1990	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	7	54	theme	linear	1137:1142	arg1	coefficient					1155:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient	1128:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	1	55	theme	communication	240:252	arg1	strategies					254:263	mass communication strategies	235:263	mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being	235:352	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	10	56	theme	baseline	1760:1767	arg1	consumption					1769:1779	baseline consumption	1760:1779	baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs	1760:1795	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	7	57	theme	lower	1054:1058	arg1	score					1068:1072	a lower (worse) score	1052:1072	a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54)	1052:1219	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	11	58	theme	drink	1906:1910	arg1	consumption					1912:1922	soft drink consumption	1901:1922	soft drink consumption	1901:1922	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	11	59	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1862:1872	arg1	evidence					1877:1884	CONCLUSIONS No evidence	1862:1884	CONCLUSIONS No evidence	1862:1884	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	5	60	theme	2132	837:840	arg1	participants					848:859	2132 study participants	837:859	2132 study participants in 2012	837:867	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	6	61	theme	main	943:946	arg1	confounders					948:958	the main confounders	939:958	the main confounders	939:958	The analyses were performed using linear regression and adjusted for the main confounders.
26130297	8	62	dep	%	1539:1539	arg1	-0.46					1554:1558	-0.46	1554:1558	-0.46	1554:1558	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	2	63	theme	adult	502:506	arg1	population					508:517	the adult population	498:517	the adult population of Spain	498:526	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	11	64	theme	beneficial	1930:1939	arg1	effect					1941:1946	a beneficial effect	1928:1946	a beneficial effect	1928:1946	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	7	65	theme	⩾1	1026:1027	arg1	serving/day					1029:1039	⩾1 serving/day	1026:1039	⩾1 serving/day of SSB	1026:1046	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	8	66	dep	-0.79	1467:1471	arg1	%					1476:1476	95% CI	1474:1479	-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29	1467:1494	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	8	66	dep	-0.79	1467:1471	arg1	0.29					1491:1494	0.29	1491:1494	0.29	1491:1494	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	7	67	from	baseline	1000:1007	arg1	RESULTS					961:967	RESULTS	961:967	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.	961:1257	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	67	from	baseline	1000:1007	arg1	analyses					988:995	cross-sectional analyses	972:995	cross-sectional analyses at baseline	972:1007	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	67	from	baseline	1000:1007	arg1	those					1010:1014	those	1010:1014	those	1010:1014	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	68	dep	lower	1054:1058	arg1	worse					1061:1065	worse	1061:1065	worse	1061:1065	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	3	69	theme	The	546:548	arg1	cohort					550:555	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort	529:555	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort	529:555	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	8	70	dep	-1.06	1321:1325	arg1	%					1330:1330	95% CI	1328:1333	-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32	1321:1349	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	8	70	dep	-1.06	1321:1325	arg1	-0.32					1345:1349	-0.32	1345:1349	-0.32	1345:1349	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	6	71	theme	linear	904:909	arg1	regression					911:920	linear regression	904:920	linear regression	904:920	The analyses were performed using linear regression and adjusted for the main confounders.
26130297	8	72	dep	years	1460:1464	arg1	-0.79					1467:1471	-0.79	1467:1471	-0.79	1467:1471	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	4	73	theme	drink	681:685	arg1	consumption					687:697	Habitual soft drink consumption	667:697	Habitual soft drink consumption	667:697	Habitual soft drink consumption was assessed with a validated diet history at baseline.
26130297	8	74	dep	years	1314:1318	arg1	-1.06					1321:1325	-1.06	1321:1325	-1.06	1321:1325	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	5	75	theme	participants	848:859	arg1	subsample					824:832	a subsample	822:832	a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012	822:867	HRQL was measured using the SF-12 questionnaire at baseline and in a subsample of 2132 study participants in 2012.
26130297	11	76	theme	soft	1901:1904	arg1	consumption					1912:1922	soft drink consumption	1901:1922	soft drink consumption	1901:1922	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	0	77	theme	adult	69:73	arg1	population					75:84	the adult population	65:84	the adult population	65:84	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	7	78	theme	SSB	1044:1046	arg1	serving/day					1029:1039	⩾1 serving/day	1026:1039	⩾1 serving/day of SSB	1026:1046	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	8	79	dep	0.29	1491:1494	arg1	to					1488:1489	to	1488:1489	to	1488:1489	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	4	80	theme	Habitual	667:674	arg1	consumption					687:697	Habitual soft drink consumption	667:697	Habitual soft drink consumption	667:697	Habitual soft drink consumption was assessed with a validated diet history at baseline.
26130297	4	81	from	baseline	745:752	arg1	history					734:740	a validated diet history	717:740	a validated diet history at baseline	717:752	Habitual soft drink consumption was assessed with a validated diet history at baseline.
26130297	2	82	theme	well-being	483:492	arg1	association					379:389	the association	375:389	the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL)	375:466	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	2	82	theme	well-being	483:492	arg1	proxy					474:478	a proxy	472:478	a proxy of well-being	472:492	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	1	83	theme	well-being	343:352	arg1	source					333:338	a source	331:338	a source of well-being	331:352	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
26130297	8	84	dep	-0.46	1554:1558	arg1	to					1551:1552	to	1551:1552	to	1551:1552	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	8	85	dep	-0.62	1405:1409	arg1	to					1402:1403	to	1402:1403	to	1402:1403	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	2	86	theme	health-related	430:443	arg1	quality					445:451	health-related quality	430:451	health-related quality of life (HRQL)	430:466	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	2	86	theme	health-related	430:443	arg1	HRQL					462:465	HRQL	462:465	HRQL	462:465	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	0	87	theme	drinks	20:25	arg1	Consumption					0:10	Consumption	0:10	Consumption of soft drinks	0:25	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	0	87	theme	drinks	20:25	arg1	quality					46:52	health-related quality	31:52	health-related quality of life	31:60	Consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life in the adult population.
26130297	10	88	dep	PCS	1820:1822	arg1	score					1832:1836	score	1832:1836	score	1832:1836	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	88	dep	PCS	1820:1822	arg1	the					1816:1818	the	1816:1818	the	1816:1818	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	2	89	theme	drinks	419:424	arg1	consumption					399:409	consumption	399:409	consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL)	399:466	This study assessed the association between consumption of soft drinks and health-related quality of life (HRQL), as a proxy of well-being, in the adult population of Spain.
26130297	9	90	with	association	1629:1639	arg1	MCS					1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	MCS	1676:1678	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	9	90	with	association	1629:1639	arg1	summary					1667:1673	the mental composite summary	1646:1673	the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12	1646:1692	Neither SSBs nor artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) showed an association with the mental composite summary (MCS) of the SF-12.
26130297	4	91	theme	validated	719:727	arg1	history					734:740	a validated diet history	717:740	a validated diet history at baseline	717:752	Habitual soft drink consumption was assessed with a validated diet history at baseline.
26130297	7	92	theme	composite	1090:1098	arg1	PCS					1109:1111	PCS	1109:1111	PCS	1109:1111	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	92	theme	composite	1090:1098	arg1	summary					1100:1106	the physical composite summary	1077:1106	the physical composite summary (PCS)	1077:1112	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	93	dep	-0.54	1214:1218	arg1	to					1211:1212	to	1211:1212	to	1211:1212	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	11	94	theme	physical	1962:1969	arg1	dimensions					1981:1990	either the physical or mental dimensions	1951:1990	dimensions	1981:1990	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	7	95	from	score	1068:1072	arg1	PCS					1109:1111	PCS	1109:1111	PCS	1109:1111	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	95	from	score	1068:1072	arg1	summary					1100:1106	the physical composite summary	1077:1106	the physical composite summary (PCS)	1077:1112	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	96	dep	SF-12	1121:1125	arg1	coefficient					1155:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient	1128:1165	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	3	97	theme	aged	649:652	arg1	population					638:647	the Spanish population	626:647	the Spanish population aged 18-60 years	626:664	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	8	98	theme	younger	1298:1304	arg1	individuals					1286:1296	individuals	1286:1296	individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46)	1286:1559	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	10	99	located	observed	1743:1750	arg1	analyses					1714:1721	the prospective analyses	1698:1721	the prospective analyses	1698:1721	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	10	99	located	observed	1743:1750	arg2	association					1727:1737	no association	1724:1737	no association	1724:1737	In the prospective analyses, no association was observed between baseline consumption of SSBs or ASBs and the changes in the PCS and MCS score from 2008/2010 to 2012.
26130297	7	100	theme	confidence	1179:1188	arg1	interval					1190:1197	95% confidence interval	1175:1197	adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54	1128:1218	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	7	100	theme	confidence	1179:1188	arg1	CI					1200:1201	CI	1200:1201	CI	1200:1201	RESULTS In cross-sectional analyses at baseline, those who drank ⩾1 serving/day of SSB had a lower (worse) score on the physical composite summary (PCS) of the SF-12 (adjusted linear regression coefficient: -1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.60 to -0.54) than those who drank <1 serving/week.
26130297	11	101	theme	mental	1974:1979	arg1	dimensions					1981:1990	either the physical or mental dimensions	1951:1990	dimensions	1981:1990	CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found that soft drink consumption has a beneficial effect on either the physical or mental dimensions of HRQL.
26130297	3	102	theme	Spanish	630:636	arg1	population					638:647	the Spanish population	626:647	the Spanish population aged 18-60 years	626:664	SUBJECTS/METHODS The cohort was established in 2008-2010 with 8417 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged 18-60 years.
26130297	8	103	theme	previous	1449:1456	arg1	years					1460:1464	the previous 4 years	1445:1464	the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29)	1445:1495	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	8	104	dep	dieting	1372:1378	arg1	%					1390:1390	-1.21; 95% CI	1381:1393	-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62	1381:1409	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	8	105	dep	those	1505:1509	arg1	%					1539:1539	-1.18; 95% CI	1530:1542	-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46	1530:1558	Results were similar among individuals younger than 35 years (-1.06; 95% CI: -1.79 to -0.32), those who were not dieting (-1.21; 95% CI: -1.80 to -0.62), those who did not lose >5 kg in the previous 4 years (-0.79; 95% CI: -1.87 to 0.29), and in those without morbidity (-1.18; 95% CI: -1.91 to -0.46).
26130297	1	106	theme	mass	235:238	arg1	strategies					254:263	mass communication strategies	235:263	mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being	235:352	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Despite the accumulated evidence on the health risks associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), the industry has funded mass communication strategies promoting the idea that soft drinks, including SSB, may represent a source of well-being.
27046066	8	0	theme	delivery	1186:1193	arg1	potential					1168:1176	potential	1168:1176	potential	1168:1176	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	8	0	theme	delivery	1186:1193	arg1	systems					1195:1201	drug delivery systems	1181:1201	drug delivery systems	1181:1201	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	1	1	theme	poor	305:308	arg1	yield					310:314	their poor yield	299:314	their poor yield	299:314	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	5	2	theme	Central	650:656	arg1	design					668:673	Central composite design	650:673	Central composite design	650:673	Central composite design indicated a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production.
27046066	1	3	theme	food	225:228	arg1	industries					249:258	food and pharmaceutical industries	225:258	food and pharmaceutical industries	225:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	8	4	theme	drug	1181:1184	arg1	potential					1168:1176	potential	1168:1176	potential	1168:1176	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	8	4	theme	drug	1181:1184	arg1	systems					1195:1201	drug delivery systems	1181:1201	drug delivery systems	1181:1201	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	0	5	from	optimization	8:19	arg1	japonicum					105:113	Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120	90:121	Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120	90:121	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	5	6	theme	composite	658:666	arg1	design					668:673	Central composite design	650:673	Central composite design	650:673	Central composite design indicated a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production.
27046066	6	7	theme	2.5L	832:835	arg1	reactor					837:843	a 2.5L reactor	830:843	a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions	830:863	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	3	8	theme	nitrogen	493:500	arg1	source					502:507	best carbon and nitrogen source	477:507	best carbon and nitrogen source respectively	477:520	Initial screening indicated arabinose and peptone as best carbon and nitrogen source respectively, for glucan production.
27046066	0	9	theme	production	74:83	arg1	optimization					8:19	optimization	8:19	optimization	8:19	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	0	9	theme	production	74:83	arg1	modelling					33:41	kinetic modelling	25:41	kinetic modelling	25:41	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	3	10	theme	glucan	527:532	arg1	production					534:543	glucan production	527:543	glucan production	527:543	Initial screening indicated arabinose and peptone as best carbon and nitrogen source respectively, for glucan production.
27046066	7	11	theme	cell	892:895	arg1	growth					897:902	cell growth	892:902	cell growth	892:902	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production could satisfactorily simulate the batch kinetics data.
27046066	1	12	theme	pharmaceutical	234:247	arg1	industries					249:258	food and pharmaceutical industries	225:258	food and pharmaceutical industries	225:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	0	13	theme	-β-glucans	63:72	arg1	production					74:83	cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production	46:83	production	74:83	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	7	14	theme	logistic	870:877	arg1	equation					879:886	The logistic equation	866:886	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production	866:953	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production could satisfactorily simulate the batch kinetics data.
27046066	0	15	theme	Bradyrhizobium	90:103	arg1	japonicum					105:113	Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120	90:121	Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120	90:121	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	7	16	theme	batch	989:993	arg1	data					1004:1007	the batch kinetics data	985:1007	the batch kinetics data	985:1007	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production could satisfactorily simulate the batch kinetics data.
27046066	0	17	dep	production	74:83	arg1	1→6					59:61	cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production	46:83	1→6	59:61	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	2	18	theme	design	363:368	arg1	methodology					370:380	statistical experimental design methodology	338:380	statistical experimental design methodology	338:380	In the present study statistical experimental design methodology was employed to improve their production.
27046066	0	19	from	modelling	33:41	arg1	japonicum					105:113	Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120	90:121	Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120	90:121	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	2	20	theme	experimental	350:361	arg1	methodology					370:380	statistical experimental design methodology	338:380	statistical experimental design methodology	338:380	In the present study statistical experimental design methodology was employed to improve their production.
27046066	6	21	theme	glucan	800:805	arg1	amount					783:788	The maximum amount	771:788	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced	771:814	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	6	21	theme	glucan	800:805	arg1	glucan					800:805	cyclic glucan	793:805	cyclic glucan	793:805	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	6	21	theme	glucan	800:805	arg1	6.7g/L					820:825	6.7g/L	820:825	6.7g/L	820:825	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	2	22	theme	statistical	338:348	arg1	methodology					370:380	statistical experimental design methodology	338:380	statistical experimental design methodology	338:380	In the present study statistical experimental design methodology was employed to improve their production.
27046066	0	23	theme	kinetic	25:31	arg1	modelling					33:41	kinetic modelling	25:41	kinetic modelling	25:41	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	8	24	theme	hydrophobic	1059:1069	arg1	curcumin					1081:1088	curcumin	1081:1088	curcumin	1081:1088	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	8	24	theme	hydrophobic	1059:1069	arg1	molecule					1071:1078	a hydrophobic molecule	1057:1078	a hydrophobic molecule	1057:1078	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	5	25	theme	osmolyte	719:726	arg1	concentration					728:740	osmolyte concentration	719:740	osmolyte concentration	719:740	Central composite design indicated a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production.
27046066	6	26	theme	cyclic	793:798	arg1	glucan					800:805	cyclic glucan	793:805	cyclic glucan	793:805	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	7	27	theme	kinetics	995:1002	arg1	data					1004:1007	the batch kinetics data	985:1007	the batch kinetics data	985:1007	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production could satisfactorily simulate the batch kinetics data.
27046066	1	28	theme	soluble	162:168	arg1	-β-glucans					141:150	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans	124:150	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans	124:150	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	1	28	theme	soluble	162:168	arg1	polymers					185:192	water soluble, biocompatible polymers	156:192	water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries	156:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	4	29	theme	osmolyte	560:567	arg1	concentrations					569:582	osmolyte concentrations	560:582	osmolyte concentrations	560:582	Arabinose and osmolyte concentrations as well as pH significantly contributed to the glucan production.
27046066	1	30	with	polymers	185:192	arg1	applications					209:220	potential applications	199:220	potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries	199:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	8	31	theme	Cyclic	1010:1015	arg1	β-glucans					1017:1025	Cyclic β-glucans	1010:1025	Cyclic β-glucans	1010:1025	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	8	32	contain	have	1163:1166	arg2	potential					1168:1176	potential	1168:1176	potential	1168:1176	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	8	32	contain	have	1163:1166	arg1	glucans					1155:1161	these glucans	1149:1161	these glucans	1149:1161	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	8	32	contain	have	1163:1166	arg2	systems					1195:1201	drug delivery systems	1181:1201	drug delivery systems	1181:1201	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	6	33	from	reactor	837:843	arg1	conditions					854:863	batch conditions	848:863	batch conditions	848:863	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	5	34	theme	glucan	752:757	arg1	production					759:768	glucan production	752:768	glucan production	752:768	Central composite design indicated a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production.
27046066	8	35	from	solubility	1107:1116	arg1	water					1121:1125	water	1121:1125	water	1121:1125	Cyclic β-glucans could efficiently encapsulate a hydrophobic molecule, curcumin and increase its solubility in water, thus indicating that these glucans have potential as drug delivery systems.
27046066	1	36	from	applications	209:220	arg1	industries					249:258	food and pharmaceutical industries	225:258	food and pharmaceutical industries	225:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	3	37	theme	best	477:480	arg1	source					502:507	best carbon and nitrogen source	477:507	best carbon and nitrogen source respectively	477:520	Initial screening indicated arabinose and peptone as best carbon and nitrogen source respectively, for glucan production.
27046066	0	38	theme	cyclic	46:51	arg1	production					74:83	cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production	46:83	production	74:83	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	5	39	theme	significant	687:697	arg1	interaction					699:709	a significant interaction	685:709	a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production	685:768	Central composite design indicated a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production.
27046066	1	40	dep	-β-glucans	141:150	arg1	1→3					132:134	1→3	132:134	1→3	132:134	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	1	40	dep	-β-glucans	141:150	arg1	1→6					137:139	1→6	137:139	1→6	137:139	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	6	41	theme	maximum	775:781	arg1	amount					783:788	The maximum amount	771:788	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced	771:814	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	6	41	theme	maximum	775:781	arg1	glucan					800:805	cyclic glucan	793:805	cyclic glucan	793:805	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	6	41	theme	maximum	775:781	arg1	6.7g/L					820:825	6.7g/L	820:825	6.7g/L	820:825	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	3	42	theme	carbon	482:487	arg1	source					502:507	best carbon and nitrogen source	477:507	best carbon and nitrogen source respectively	477:520	Initial screening indicated arabinose and peptone as best carbon and nitrogen source respectively, for glucan production.
27046066	6	43	theme	batch	848:852	arg1	conditions					854:863	batch conditions	848:863	batch conditions	848:863	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	7	44	theme	glucan	937:942	arg1	production					944:953	glucan production	937:953	glucan production	937:953	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production could satisfactorily simulate the batch kinetics data.
27046066	5	45	from	interaction	699:709	arg1	production					759:768	glucan production	752:768	glucan production	752:768	Central composite design indicated a significant interaction between osmolyte concentration and pH on glucan production.
27046066	1	46	theme	Cyclic	124:129	arg1	-β-glucans					141:150	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans	124:150	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans	124:150	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	1	46	theme	Cyclic	124:129	arg1	polymers					185:192	water soluble, biocompatible polymers	156:192	water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries	156:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	7	47	theme	Luedeking-Piret	908:922	arg1	equation					924:931	Luedeking-Piret equation	908:931	Luedeking-Piret equation	908:931	The logistic equation for cell growth and Luedeking-Piret equation for glucan production could satisfactorily simulate the batch kinetics data.
27046066	1	48	theme	potential	199:207	arg1	applications					209:220	potential applications	199:220	potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries	199:258	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	1	49	dep	soluble	162:168	arg1	biocompatible					171:183	biocompatible	171:183	biocompatible	171:183	Cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans are water soluble, biocompatible polymers with potential applications in food and pharmaceutical industries but have not yet been exploited due to their poor yield.
27046066	4	50	theme	glucan	631:636	arg1	production					638:647	the glucan production	627:647	the glucan production	627:647	Arabinose and osmolyte concentrations as well as pH significantly contributed to the glucan production.
27046066	3	51	theme	Initial	424:430	arg1	screening					432:440	Initial screening	424:440	Initial screening	424:440	Initial screening indicated arabinose and peptone as best carbon and nitrogen source respectively, for glucan production.
27046066	0	52	theme	1→3	54:56	arg1	production					74:83	cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production	46:83	production	74:83	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	6	53	from	6.7g/L	820:825	arg1	reactor					837:843	a 2.5L reactor	830:843	a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions	830:863	The maximum amount of cyclic glucan produced was 6.7g/L in a 2.5L reactor in batch conditions.
27046066	2	54	theme	present	324:330	arg1	study					332:336	the present study	320:336	the present study	320:336	In the present study statistical experimental design methodology was employed to improve their production.
27046066	0	55	from	japonicum	105:113	arg1	production					74:83	cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production	46:83	production	74:83	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	0	55	from	japonicum	105:113	arg1	optimization					8:19	optimization	8:19	optimization	8:19	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
27046066	0	55	from	japonicum	105:113	arg1	modelling					33:41	kinetic modelling	25:41	kinetic modelling	25:41	Process optimization and kinetic modelling of cyclic (1→3, 1→6)-β-glucans production from Bradyrhizobium japonicum MTCC120.
26153451	2	0	theme	bacterial	484:492	arg1	system					505:510	a simple bacterial expression system	475:510	a simple bacterial expression system	475:510	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	1	1	theme	effector	318:325	arg1	functions					327:335	immune effector functions	311:335	immune effector functions	311:335	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	1	2	theme	plasma	149:154	arg1	cells					156:160	human plasma cells	143:160	human plasma cells	143:160	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	3	3	theme	Fc	859:860	arg1	variants					862:869	Fc variants	859:869	Fc variants	859:869	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	2	4	theme	simple	477:482	arg1	system					505:510	a simple bacterial expression system	475:510	a simple bacterial expression system	475:510	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	3	5	theme	conformational	831:844	arg1	variation					846:854	the conformational variation	827:854	the conformational variation of Fc variants	827:869	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	4	6	theme	upper	1063:1067	arg1	region					1073:1078	a highly dynamic upper CH2 region	1046:1078	a highly dynamic upper CH2 region	1046:1078	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	2	7	theme	aglycosylated	542:554	arg1	Fc11					568:571	Fc11	568:571	Fc11 (E382V)	568:579	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	7	theme	aglycosylated	542:554	arg1	antibodies					556:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	7	theme	aglycosylated	542:554	arg1	Fc					585:586	Fc	585:586	Fc (E382V/M428I)	585:600	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	5	8	theme	upper	1244:1248	arg1	region					1254:1259	the upper CH2 region	1240:1259	the upper CH2 region	1240:1259	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	3	9	theme	Fc	794:795	arg1	region					784:789	the upper CH2 region	770:789	the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations	770:824	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	2	10	theme	Fc-engineered	528:540	arg1	Fc11					568:571	Fc11	568:571	Fc11 (E382V)	568:579	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	10	theme	Fc-engineered	528:540	arg1	antibodies					556:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	10	theme	Fc-engineered	528:540	arg1	Fc					585:586	Fc	585:586	Fc (E382V/M428I)	585:600	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	1	11	gly	aglycosylated	167:179	arg1	unable					221:226	unable	221:226	unable	221:226	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	1	11	gly	aglycosylated	167:179	arg1	antibodies					185:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies	163:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria	163:215	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	2	12	gly	aglycosylated	542:554	arg1	Fc11					568:571	Fc11	568:571	Fc11 (E382V)	568:579	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	12	gly	aglycosylated	542:554	arg1	antibodies					556:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	12	gly	aglycosylated	542:554	arg1	Fc					585:586	Fc	585:586	Fc (E382V/M428I)	585:600	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	13	theme	FcγRI-specific	513:526	arg1	Fc11					568:571	Fc11	568:571	Fc11 (E382V)	568:579	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	13	theme	FcγRI-specific	513:526	arg1	antibodies					556:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	13	theme	FcγRI-specific	513:526	arg1	Fc					585:586	Fc	585:586	Fc (E382V/M428I)	585:600	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	3	14	theme	FcγRI	716:720	arg1	affinity					730:737	FcγRI binding affinity	716:737	FcγRI binding affinity	716:737	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	2	15	theme	CH3	631:633	arg1	region					635:640	the CH3 region	627:640	the CH3 region	627:640	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	4	16	theme	dynamic	1055:1061	arg1	region					1073:1078	a highly dynamic upper CH2 region	1046:1078	a highly dynamic upper CH2 region	1046:1078	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	2	17	theme	novel	385:389	arg1	functions					400:408	novel effector functions	385:408	novel effector functions	385:408	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	18	theme	effector	451:458	arg1	function					460:467	effector function	451:467	effector function using a simple bacterial expression system	451:510	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	19	theme	previous	662:669	arg1	study					671:675	a previous study	660:675	a previous study	660:675	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	5	20	theme	conformational	1186:1199	arg1	plasticity					1201:1210	conformational plasticity	1186:1210	conformational plasticity	1186:1210	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	3	21	theme	variants	862:869	arg1	variation					846:854	the conformational variation	827:854	the conformational variation of Fc variants	827:869	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	4	22	theme	sharp	999:1003	arg1	contrast					1005:1012	sharp contrast	999:1012	sharp contrast	999:1012	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	5	23	theme	CH2	1250:1252	arg1	region					1254:1259	the upper CH2 region	1240:1259	the upper CH2 region	1240:1259	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	1	24	theme	aglycosylated	167:179	arg1	unable					221:226	unable	221:226	unable	221:226	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	1	24	theme	aglycosylated	167:179	arg1	antibodies					185:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies	163:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria	163:215	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	0	25	theme	Structural	0:9	arg1	consequences					11:22	Structural consequences	0:22	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	0:55	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	3	26	theme	resonance	911:919	arg1	FRET					938:941	FRET	938:941	FRET	938:941	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	26	theme	resonance	911:919	arg1	transfer					928:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer	887:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX)	887:993	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	1	27	theme	IgG	181:183	arg1	unable					221:226	unable	221:226	unable	221:226	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	1	27	theme	IgG	181:183	arg1	antibodies					185:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies	163:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria	163:215	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	0	28	theme	aglycosylated	27:39	arg1	variants					48:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	5	29	theme	region	1254:1259	arg1	plasticity					1201:1210	conformational plasticity	1186:1210	conformational plasticity	1186:1210	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	5	29	theme	region	1254:1259	arg1	critical					1265:1272	critical	1265:1272	critical	1265:1272	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	5	29	theme	region	1254:1259	arg1	openness					1228:1235	the openness	1224:1235	the openness of the upper CH2 region	1224:1259	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	3	30	theme	energy	921:926	arg1	FRET					938:941	FRET	938:941	FRET	938:941	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	30	theme	energy	921:926	arg1	transfer					928:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer	887:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX)	887:993	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	5	31	theme	therapeutic	1295:1305	arg1	functions					1316:1324	therapeutic effector functions	1295:1324	therapeutic effector functions	1295:1324	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	1	32	theme	immune	270:275	arg1	cells					286:290	immune effector cells	270:290	immune effector cells	270:290	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	1	33	gly	glycosylated	103:114	arg1	antibodies					120:129	the glycosylated IgG antibodies	99:129	the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells	99:160	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	3	34	theme	single-molecule	887:901	arg1	FRET					938:941	FRET	938:941	FRET	938:941	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	34	theme	single-molecule	887:901	arg1	transfer					928:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer	887:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX)	887:993	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	4	35	theme	CH2	1069:1071	arg1	region					1073:1078	a highly dynamic upper CH2 region	1046:1078	a highly dynamic upper CH2 region	1046:1078	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	0	36	theme	Fc	45:46	arg1	variants					48:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	1	37	theme	effector	277:284	arg1	cells					286:290	immune effector cells	270:290	immune effector cells	270:290	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	3	38	theme	Förster	903:909	arg1	FRET					938:941	FRET	938:941	FRET	938:941	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	38	theme	Förster	903:909	arg1	transfer					928:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer	887:935	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX)	887:993	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	0	39	theme	IgG	41:43	arg1	variants					48:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	1	40	theme	cells	286:290	arg1	surface					259:265	the surface	255:265	the surface of immune effector cells	255:290	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	4	41	from	mutations	1085:1093	arg1	region					1106:1111	the CH3 region	1098:1111	the CH3 region	1098:1111	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	2	42	theme	therapeutic	423:433	arg1	antibodies					435:444	therapeutic antibodies	423:444	therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system	423:510	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	4	43	theme	upper	1142:1146	arg1	region					1152:1157	the upper CH2 region	1138:1157	the upper CH2 region	1138:1157	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	2	44	theme	effector	391:398	arg1	functions					400:408	novel effector functions	385:408	novel effector functions	385:408	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	4	45	theme	CH2	1148:1150	arg1	region					1152:1157	the upper CH2 region	1138:1157	the upper CH2 region	1138:1157	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	2	46	from	mutations	614:622	arg1	region					635:640	the CH3 region	627:640	the CH3 region	627:640	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	5	47	theme	IgG	1329:1331	arg1	antibodies					1333:1342	IgG antibodies	1329:1342	IgG antibodies	1329:1342	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	1	48	theme	glycosylated	103:114	arg1	antibodies					120:129	the glycosylated IgG antibodies	99:129	the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells	99:160	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	0	49	theme	variants	48:55	arg1	consequences					11:22	Structural consequences	0:22	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	0:55	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	3	50	theme	structural	747:756	arg1	dynamics					758:765	the structural dynamics	743:765	the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations	743:824	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	0	51	gly	aglycosylated	27:39	arg1	variants					48:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	aglycosylated IgG Fc variants	27:55	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	3	52	theme	transfer	928:935	arg1	analysis					944:951	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis	887:951	single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX)	887:993	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	1	53	theme	IgG	116:118	arg1	antibodies					120:129	the glycosylated IgG antibodies	99:129	the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells	99:160	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	5	54	theme	antibodies	1333:1342	arg1	functions					1316:1324	therapeutic effector functions	1295:1324	therapeutic effector functions	1295:1324	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	5	54	theme	antibodies	1333:1342	arg1	binding					1283:1289	FcγR binding	1278:1289	FcγR binding	1278:1289	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	2	55	with	antibodies	435:444	arg1	function					460:467	effector function	451:467	effector function using a simple bacterial expression system	451:510	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	3	56	theme	binding	722:728	arg1	affinity					730:737	FcγRI binding affinity	716:737	FcγRI binding affinity	716:737	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	57	theme	region	784:789	arg1	dynamics					758:765	the structural dynamics	743:765	the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations	743:824	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	57	theme	region	784:789	arg1	affinity					730:737	FcγRI binding affinity	716:737	FcγRI binding affinity	716:737	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	1	58	from	unable	221:226	arg1	contrast					87:94	contrast	87:94	contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells	87:160	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	4	59	theme	wild-type	1017:1025	arg1	Fc					1027:1028	wild-type Fc	1017:1028	wild-type Fc	1017:1028	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	3	60	theme	alternating-laser	959:975	arg1	ALEX					989:992	ALEX	989:992	ALEX	989:992	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	3	60	theme	alternating-laser	959:975	arg1	excitation					977:986	alternating-laser excitation	959:986	alternating-laser excitation (ALEX)	959:993	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	2	61	theme	glycan	347:352	arg1	problems					368:375	glycan heterogeneity problems	347:375	glycan heterogeneity problems	347:375	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	3	62	theme	CH3	812:814	arg1	mutations					816:824	the CH3 mutations	808:824	the CH3 mutations	808:824	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	5	63	theme	FcγR	1278:1281	arg1	binding					1283:1289	FcγR binding	1278:1289	FcγR binding	1278:1289	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	0	64	theme	FcγRI	69:73	arg1	binding					75:81	FcγRI binding	69:81	FcγRI binding	69:81	Structural consequences of aglycosylated IgG Fc variants evolved for FcγRI binding.
26153451	4	65	theme	CH3	1102:1104	arg1	region					1106:1111	the CH3 region	1098:1111	the CH3 region	1098:1111	In sharp contrast to wild-type Fc, which exhibits a highly dynamic upper CH2 region, the mutations in the CH3 region significantly stabilized the upper CH2 region.
26153451	2	66	theme	heterogeneity	354:366	arg1	problems					368:375	glycan heterogeneity problems	347:375	glycan heterogeneity problems	347:375	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	1	67	from	contrast	87:94	arg1	unable					221:226	unable	221:226	unable	221:226	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	1	67	from	contrast	87:94	arg1	antibodies					185:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies	163:194	the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria	163:215	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	3	68	theme	upper	774:778	arg1	region					784:789	the upper CH2 region	770:789	the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations	770:824	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
26153451	2	69	theme	expression	494:503	arg1	system					505:510	a simple bacterial expression system	475:510	a simple bacterial expression system	475:510	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	1	70	theme	immune	311:316	arg1	functions					327:335	immune effector functions	311:335	immune effector functions	311:335	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	5	71	theme	effector	1307:1314	arg1	functions					1316:1324	therapeutic effector functions	1295:1324	therapeutic effector functions	1295:1324	The results indicate that conformational plasticity, as well as the openness of the upper CH2 region, is critical for FcγR binding and therapeutic effector functions of IgG antibodies.
26153451	1	72	theme	human	143:147	arg1	cells					156:160	human plasma cells	143:160	human plasma cells	143:160	In contrast to the glycosylated IgG antibodies secreted by human plasma cells, the aglycosylated IgG antibodies produced by bacteria are unable to bind FcγRs expressed on the surface of immune effector cells and cannot trigger immune effector functions.
26153451	2	73	contain	containing	603:612	arg1	Fc11					568:571	Fc11	568:571	Fc11 (E382V)	568:579	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	73	contain	containing	603:612	arg1	antibodies					556:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies	513:565	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	73	contain	containing	603:612	arg2	mutations					614:622	mutations	614:622	mutations in the CH3 region	614:640	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	2	73	contain	containing	603:612	arg1	Fc					585:586	Fc	585:586	Fc (E382V/M428I)	585:600	To avoid glycan heterogeneity problems, elicit novel effector functions, and produce therapeutic antibodies with effector function using a simple bacterial expression system, FcγRI-specific Fc-engineered aglycosylated antibodies, Fc11 (E382V) and Fc (E382V/M428I), containing mutations in the CH3 region, were isolated in a previous study.
26153451	3	74	theme	CH2	780:782	arg1	region					784:789	the upper CH2 region	770:789	the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations	770:824	To elucidate the relationship between FcγRI binding affinity and the structural dynamics of the upper CH2 region of Fc induced by the CH3 mutations, the conformational variation of Fc variants was observed by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis using alternating-laser excitation (ALEX).
25089508	0	0	theme	melt	90:93	arg1	HMG					108:110	HMG	108:110	HMG	108:110	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	0	0	theme	melt	90:93	arg1	granulation					95:105	hot melt granulation	86:105	hot melt granulation (HMG)	86:111	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	6	1	contain	has	1064:1066	arg1	Microcel					1052:1059	Microcel	1052:1059	Microcel(®)	1052:1062	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	1	contain	has	1064:1066	arg1	®					1061:1061	®	1061:1061	®	1061:1061	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	1	contain	has	1064:1066	arg2	ability					1086:1092	weaker adsorption ability	1068:1092	weaker adsorption ability	1068:1092	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	2	theme	vitamin	1126:1132	arg1	E					1134:1134	vitamin E	1126:1134	vitamin E	1126:1134	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	3	dep	weaker	1068:1073	arg1	adsorption					1075:1084	adsorption	1075:1084	adsorption	1075:1084	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	3	4	theme	vitamin	783:789	arg1	E					791:791	vitamin E	783:791	vitamin E	783:791	Results demonstrate the angle of repose in formulations with Fujicalin(®) was improved than those with Microcel(®), but the difference disappeared when more TPGS or vitamin E was added.
25089508	0	5	theme	hot	86:88	arg1	HMG					108:110	HMG	108:110	HMG	108:110	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	0	5	theme	hot	86:88	arg1	granulation					95:105	hot melt granulation	86:105	hot melt granulation (HMG)	86:111	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	2	6	theme	dissolution	320:330	arg1	profiles					332:339	dissolution profiles	320:339	dissolution profiles	320:339	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	6	7	theme	much	1112:1115	arg1	TPGS					1117:1120	much TPGS	1112:1120	much TPGS	1112:1120	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	1	8	theme	poor	237:240	arg1	problem					272:278	a critical problem	261:278	a critical problem	261:278	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	1	8	theme	poor	237:240	arg1	bioavailability					242:256	the poor bioavailability	233:256	the poor bioavailability	233:256	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	0	9	theme	granulation	95:105	arg1	methods					152:158	hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods	86:158	hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods	86:158	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	2	10	with	excipients	408:417	arg1	method					552:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method	504:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	504:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	7	11	contain	containing	1281:1290	arg2	TPGS					1292:1295	TPGS	1292:1295	TPGS	1292:1295	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	7	11	contain	containing	1281:1290	arg1	compositions					1268:1279	compositions	1268:1279	compositions	1268:1279	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	7	11	contain	containing	1281:1290	arg2	E					1309:1309	vitamin E	1301:1309	vitamin E	1301:1309	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	2	12	theme	vitamine	487:494	arg1	E					496:496	vitamine E	487:496	vitamine E	487:496	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	12	theme	vitamine	487:494	arg1	Kollidon					420:427	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	6	13	with	formulations	965:976	arg1	Microcel					983:990	Microcel	983:990	Microcel	983:990	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	13	with	formulations	965:976	arg1	®					992:992	®	992:992	®	992:992	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	8	14	from	difference	1428:1437	arg1	profile					1454:1460	dissolution profile	1442:1460	dissolution profile	1442:1460	There is no significant difference on dissolution profile between hot-melt and TAG method.
25089508	2	15	theme	dispersions	361:371	arg1	properties					305:314	physical properties	296:314	physical properties	296:314	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	15	theme	dispersions	361:371	arg1	profiles					332:339	dissolution profiles	320:339	dissolution profiles	320:339	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	3	16	from	angle	642:646	arg1	formulations					661:672	formulations	661:672	formulations	661:672	Results demonstrate the angle of repose in formulations with Fujicalin(®) was improved than those with Microcel(®), but the difference disappeared when more TPGS or vitamin E was added.
25089508	2	17	theme	glycol	462:467	arg1	TPGS					480:483	TPGS	480:483	TPGS	480:483	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	17	theme	glycol	462:467	arg1	succinate					469:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate	438:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)	438:484	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	17	theme	glycol	462:467	arg1	Kollidon					420:427	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	4	18	theme	TAG	850:852	arg1	method					854:859	TAG method	850:859	TAG method	850:859	Compared the formulation made by hot-melt and TAG method, both improved flowability.
25089508	7	19	theme	TAG	1331:1333	arg1	method					1335:1340	TAG method	1331:1340	TAG method	1331:1340	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	3	20	theme	repose	651:656	arg1	angle					642:646	the angle	638:646	the angle of repose in formulations	638:672	Results demonstrate the angle of repose in formulations with Fujicalin(®) was improved than those with Microcel(®), but the difference disappeared when more TPGS or vitamin E was added.
25089508	1	21	theme	growing	163:169	arg1	number					171:176	A growing number	161:176	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug	161:205	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	0	22	theme	Physical	0:7	arg1	characterization					25:40	Physical and dissolution characterization	0:40	characterization	25:40	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	2	23	theme	solid	355:359	arg1	dispersions					361:371	cilostazol solid dispersions	344:371	cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	344:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	24	theme	hot-melt	504:511	arg1	method					552:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method	504:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	504:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	0	25	theme	thermal	117:123	arg1	TAG					147:149	TAG	147:149	TAG	147:149	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	0	25	theme	thermal	117:123	arg1	granulation					134:144	thermal adhesion granulation	117:144	thermal adhesion granulation (TAG)	117:150	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	6	26	theme	weaker	1068:1073	arg1	ability					1086:1092	weaker adsorption ability	1068:1092	weaker adsorption ability	1068:1092	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	0	27	theme	dissolution	13:23	arg1	characterization					25:40	Physical and dissolution characterization	0:40	characterization	25:40	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	1	28	theme	critical	263:270	arg1	problem					272:278	a critical problem	261:278	a critical problem	261:278	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	1	28	theme	critical	263:270	arg1	bioavailability					242:256	the poor bioavailability	233:256	the poor bioavailability	233:256	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	5	29	theme	vitamin	950:956	arg1	E					958:958	vitamin E	950:958	vitamin E	950:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	4	30	dep	Compared	804:811	arg1	both					862:865	both	862:865	both	862:865	Compared the formulation made by hot-melt and TAG method, both improved flowability.
25089508	0	31	theme	cilostazol	45:54	arg1	dispersions					62:72	cilostazol solid dispersions	45:72	cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods	45:158	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	8	32	theme	TAG	1483:1485	arg1	method					1487:1492	TAG method	1483:1492	TAG method	1483:1492	There is no significant difference on dissolution profile between hot-melt and TAG method.
25089508	0	33	theme	granulation	134:144	arg1	methods					152:158	hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods	86:158	hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods	86:158	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	5	34	theme	E	958:958	arg1	TPGS					941:944	TPGS	941:944	TPGS	941:944	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	5	34	theme	E	958:958	arg1	E					958:958	vitamin E	950:958	vitamin E	950:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	5	34	theme	E	958:958	arg1	amount					931:936	the increased amount	917:936	the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E	917:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	2	35	dep	excipients	408:417	arg1	succinate					469:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate	438:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)	438:484	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	35	dep	excipients	408:417	arg1	E					496:496	vitamine E	487:496	vitamine E	487:496	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	35	dep	excipients	408:417	arg1	Kollidon					420:427	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	1	36	theme	water-soluble	188:200	arg1	drug					202:205	poorly water-soluble drug	181:205	poorly water-soluble drug	181:205	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	2	37	theme	polyethylene	449:460	arg1	TPGS					480:483	TPGS	480:483	TPGS	480:483	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	37	theme	polyethylene	449:460	arg1	succinate					469:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate	438:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)	438:484	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	37	theme	polyethylene	449:460	arg1	Kollidon					420:427	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	0	38	theme	adhesion	125:132	arg1	TAG					147:149	TAG	147:149	TAG	147:149	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	0	38	theme	adhesion	125:132	arg1	granulation					134:144	thermal adhesion granulation	117:144	thermal adhesion granulation (TAG)	117:150	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	6	39	contain	had	995:997	arg2	hardness					1005:1012	lower hardness	999:1012	lower hardness	999:1012	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	39	contain	had	995:997	arg1	formulations					965:976	The formulations	961:976	The formulations with Microcel(®)	961:993	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	9	40	theme	potential	1551:1559	arg1	use					1576:1578	its potential pharmaceutical use	1547:1578	its potential pharmaceutical use	1547:1578	However, the procedure of TAG is easier, indicating its potential pharmaceutical use.
25089508	1	41	theme	drug	202:205	arg1	number					171:176	A growing number	161:176	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug	161:205	A growing number of poorly water-soluble drug have been discovered, but the poor bioavailability is a critical problem.
25089508	0	42	theme	dispersions	62:72	arg1	characterization					25:40	Physical and dissolution characterization	0:40	characterization	25:40	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	2	43	theme	TAG	547:549	arg1	method					552:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method	504:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	504:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	6	44	theme	lower	1148:1152	arg1	hardness					1154:1161	lower hardness	1148:1161	lower hardness	1148:1161	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	6	45	theme	lower	999:1003	arg1	hardness					1005:1012	lower hardness	999:1012	lower hardness	999:1012	The formulations with Microcel(®) had lower hardness than those with Fujicalin(®), because Microcel(®) has weaker adsorption ability and cannot afford much TPGS and vitamin E, leading to lower hardness.
25089508	0	46	theme	solid	56:60	arg1	dispersions					62:72	cilostazol solid dispersions	45:72	cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods	45:158	Physical and dissolution characterization of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hot melt granulation (HMG) and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) methods.
25089508	7	47	theme	release	1370:1376	arg1	pattern					1378:1384	a controlled drug release pattern	1352:1384	a controlled drug release pattern	1352:1384	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	2	48	theme	thermal	517:523	arg1	method					552:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method	504:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	504:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	7	49	theme	vitamin	1301:1307	arg1	E					1309:1309	vitamin E	1301:1309	vitamin E	1301:1309	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	5	50	theme	increased	921:929	arg1	TPGS					941:944	TPGS	941:944	TPGS	941:944	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	5	50	theme	increased	921:929	arg1	E					958:958	vitamin E	950:958	vitamin E	950:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	5	50	theme	increased	921:929	arg1	amount					931:936	the increased amount	917:936	the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E	917:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	2	51	theme	granulation	534:544	arg1	method					552:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method	504:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	504:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	52	theme	physical	296:303	arg1	properties					305:314	physical properties	296:314	physical properties	296:314	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	8	53	theme	significant	1416:1426	arg1	difference					1428:1437	no significant difference	1413:1437	no significant difference on dissolution profile between hot-melt and TAG method	1413:1492	There is no significant difference on dissolution profile between hot-melt and TAG method.
25089508	7	54	theme	controlled	1354:1363	arg1	pattern					1378:1384	a controlled drug release pattern	1352:1384	a controlled drug release pattern	1352:1384	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	2	55	theme	adhesion	525:532	arg1	method					552:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method	504:557	hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	504:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	5	56	theme	TPGS	941:944	arg1	TPGS					941:944	TPGS	941:944	TPGS	941:944	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	5	56	theme	TPGS	941:944	arg1	E					958:958	vitamin E	950:958	vitamin E	950:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	5	56	theme	TPGS	941:944	arg1	amount					931:936	the increased amount	917:936	the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E	917:958	The hardness decreased with the increased amount of TPGS and vitamin E.
25089508	9	57	theme	pharmaceutical	1561:1574	arg1	use					1576:1578	its potential pharmaceutical use	1547:1578	its potential pharmaceutical use	1547:1578	However, the procedure of TAG is easier, indicating its potential pharmaceutical use.
25089508	8	58	theme	dissolution	1442:1452	arg1	profile					1454:1460	dissolution profile	1442:1460	dissolution profile	1442:1460	There is no significant difference on dissolution profile between hot-melt and TAG method.
25089508	7	59	theme	drug	1365:1368	arg1	pattern					1378:1384	a controlled drug release pattern	1352:1384	a controlled drug release pattern	1352:1384	Furthermore, the solubility was almost three-fold higher than that of Pletaal(®) (7.68 ± 0.20 μg/mL) in compositions containing TPGS and vitamin E made by hot-melt or TAG method, in which a controlled drug release pattern was demonstrated.
25089508	9	60	theme	TAG	1521:1523	arg1	easier					1528:1533	easier	1528:1533	easier	1528:1533	However, the procedure of TAG is easier, indicating its potential pharmaceutical use.
25089508	9	60	theme	TAG	1521:1523	arg1	procedure					1508:1516	the procedure	1504:1516	the procedure of TAG	1504:1523	However, the procedure of TAG is easier, indicating its potential pharmaceutical use.
25089508	2	61	theme	hydrophilic/lipophilic	385:406	arg1	excipients					408:417	hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients	385:417	hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	385:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	62	theme	cilostazol	344:353	arg1	dispersions					361:371	cilostazol solid dispersions	344:371	cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®)	344:596	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	63	theme	tocopheryl	438:447	arg1	TPGS					480:483	TPGS	480:483	TPGS	480:483	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	63	theme	tocopheryl	438:447	arg1	succinate					469:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate	438:477	tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)	438:484	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
25089508	2	63	theme	tocopheryl	438:447	arg1	Kollidon					420:427	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	Kollidon(®) VA64	420:435	In this study, physical properties and dissolution profiles of cilostazol solid dispersions prepared by hydrophilic/lipophilic excipients (Kollidon(®) VA64, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), vitamine E) with hot-melt and thermal adhesion granulation (TAG) method to adsorb Fujicalin(®) and Microcel(®) were characterized.
28476960	0	0	theme	nanotech	75:82	arg1	perspective					84:94	a green nanotech perspective	67:94	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.	0:95	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.
28476960	3	1	theme	polyaniline	529:539	arg1	PANI-NCC					583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	1	theme	polyaniline	529:539	arg1	sorbent					574:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent	507:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC)	507:591	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	1	2	theme	sustainable	250:260	arg1	concept					262:268	the sustainable concept	246:268	the sustainable concept of development	246:283	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development.
28476960	0	3	theme	green	69:73	arg1	perspective					84:94	a green nanotech perspective	67:94	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.	0:95	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.
28476960	7	4	theme	optimised	999:1007	arg1	finding					1022:1028	The optimised experimental finding	995:1028	The optimised experimental finding	995:1028	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	2	5	theme	industry	373:380	arg1	management					344:353	ecosystem management	334:353	ecosystem management	334:353	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	7	6	theme	waste	1174:1178	arg1	water					1180:1184	synthetic waste water	1164:1184	synthetic waste water	1164:1184	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	7	7	theme	[Cr	1120:1122	arg1	removal					1053:1059	the efficient removal	1039:1059	the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water	1039:1184	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	1	8	from	water	161:165	arg1	decontamination					124:138	the decontamination	120:138	the decontamination of heavy metals from water	120:165	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development.
28476960	4	9	theme	spectroscopic	788:800	arg1	techniques					815:824	modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques	781:824	modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques	781:824	The fabricated nanobiomaterial has been authenticated by modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques.
28476960	1	10	theme	development	273:283	arg1	concept					262:268	the sustainable concept	246:268	the sustainable concept of development	246:283	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development.
28476960	4	11	theme	fabricated	728:737	arg1	nanobiomaterial					739:753	The fabricated nanobiomaterial	724:753	The fabricated nanobiomaterial	724:753	The fabricated nanobiomaterial has been authenticated by modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques.
28476960	2	12	theme	Green	286:290	arg1	nanotechnology					292:305	Green nanotechnology	286:305	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry	286:380	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	7	13	theme	synthetic	1164:1172	arg1	water					1180:1184	synthetic waste water	1164:1184	synthetic waste water	1164:1184	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	5	14	from	shape	864:868	arg1	rod-like					852:859	rod-like	852:859	rod-like	852:859	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	5	14	from	shape	864:868	arg1	PANI-NCC					840:847	The modified PANI-NCC	827:847	The modified PANI-NCC	827:847	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	7	15	theme	hexavalent	1109:1118	arg1	[Cr					1120:1122	hexavalent [Cr	1109:1122	hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%)	1109:1148	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	8	16	theme	toxic	1298:1302	arg1	metals					1304:1309	the toxic metals	1294:1309	the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples	1294:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	8	17	theme	real	1318:1321	arg1	samples					1343:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	2	18	theme	global	408:413	arg1	priority					415:422	leading global priority	400:422	leading global priority	400:422	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	0	19	theme	modified	14:21	arg1	nano-cellulose					23:36	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose	0:36	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.	0:95	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.
28476960	3	20	from	bodies	716:721	arg1	removal					660:666	the removal	656:666	the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies	656:721	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	7	21	dep	48.92 mg/g	1130:1139	arg1	%					1147:1147	97.84%	1142:1147	48.92 mg/g; 97.84%	1130:1147	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	2	22	theme	ecosystem	334:342	arg1	management					344:353	ecosystem management	334:353	ecosystem management	334:353	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	3	23	theme	nanocellulose	550:562	arg1	PANI-NCC					583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	23	theme	nanocellulose	550:562	arg1	sorbent					574:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent	507:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC)	507:591	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	2	24	theme	leading	400:406	arg1	priority					415:422	leading global priority	400:422	leading global priority	400:422	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	2	25	theme	current	462:468	arg1	state					470:474	the current state	458:474	the current state of water purification	458:496	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	7	26	dep	[Cr	1074:1076	arg1	47.06 mg/g					1085:1094	47.06 mg/g	1085:1094	47.06 mg/g; 94.12%	1085:1102	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	7	26	dep	[Cr	1074:1076	arg1	III					1078:1080	III	1078:1080	III	1078:1080	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	7	26	dep	[Cr	1074:1076	arg1	chromium					1150:1157	chromium	1150:1157	chromium	1150:1157	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	4	27	theme	modern	781:786	arg1	techniques					815:824	modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques	781:824	modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques	781:824	The fabricated nanobiomaterial has been authenticated by modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques.
28476960	8	28	theme	environmental	1323:1335	arg1	samples					1343:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	1	29	theme	Existing	97:104	arg1	processes					106:114	Existing processes	97:114	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water	97:165	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development.
28476960	8	30	theme	water	1337:1341	arg1	samples					1343:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	6	31	theme	roughness	891:899	arg1	index					919:923	The roughness and crystallinity index	887:923	The roughness and crystallinity index	887:923	The roughness and crystallinity index is also quantified and found to be 49.67 nm and 84.18%, respectively.
28476960	6	31	theme	roughness	891:899	arg1	%					978:978	49.67 nm and 84.18%	960:978	49.67 nm and 84.18%	960:978	The roughness and crystallinity index is also quantified and found to be 49.67 nm and 84.18%, respectively.
28476960	2	32	dep	emerging	388:395	arg1	an					385:386	an	385:386	an	385:386	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	2	33	theme	water	311:315	arg1	purification					317:328	water purification	311:328	water purification	311:328	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	2	34	theme	better	437:442	arg1	position					444:451	better position	437:451	better position	437:451	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	3	35	theme	diafunctionalised	511:527	arg1	PANI-NCC					583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	35	theme	diafunctionalised	511:527	arg1	sorbent					574:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent	507:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC)	507:591	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	36	theme	hexavalent	685:694	arg1	chromium					696:703	trivalent and hexavalent chromium	671:703	trivalent and hexavalent chromium	671:703	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	7	37	from	water	1180:1184	arg1	removal					1053:1059	the efficient removal	1039:1059	the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water	1039:1184	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	2	38	theme	purification	485:496	arg1	state					470:474	the current state	458:474	the current state of water purification	458:496	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	5	39	theme	modified	831:838	arg1	rod-like					852:859	rod-like	852:859	rod-like	852:859	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	5	39	theme	modified	831:838	arg1	PANI-NCC					840:847	The modified PANI-NCC	827:847	The modified PANI-NCC	827:847	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	6	40	theme	crystallinity	905:917	arg1	index					919:923	The roughness and crystallinity index	887:923	The roughness and crystallinity index	887:923	The roughness and crystallinity index is also quantified and found to be 49.67 nm and 84.18%, respectively.
28476960	6	40	theme	crystallinity	905:917	arg1	%					978:978	49.67 nm and 84.18%	960:978	49.67 nm and 84.18%	960:978	The roughness and crystallinity index is also quantified and found to be 49.67 nm and 84.18%, respectively.
28476960	3	41	theme	imine	630:634	arg1	functionalities					636:650	amine and imine functionalities	620:650	amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies	620:721	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	7	42	theme	trivalent	1064:1072	arg1	[Cr					1074:1076	trivalent [Cr	1064:1076	trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%)	1064:1103	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	3	43	used	used	602:605	arg2	sorbent					574:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent	507:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC)	507:591	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	43	used	used	602:605	arg2	PANI-NCC					583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	0	44	theme	chromium	57:64	arg1	removal					46:52	the removal	42:52	the removal of chromium	42:64	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.
28476960	3	45	theme	trivalent	671:679	arg1	chromium					696:703	trivalent and hexavalent chromium	671:703	trivalent and hexavalent chromium	671:703	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	7	46	theme	[Cr	1074:1076	arg1	removal					1053:1059	the efficient removal	1039:1059	the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water	1039:1184	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	8	47	theme	technological	1258:1270	arg1	development					1272:1282	technological development	1258:1282	technological development	1258:1282	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	8	48	theme	fabricated	1191:1200	arg1	biosorbent					1207:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent	1187:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent	1187:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	8	48	theme	fabricated	1191:1200	arg1	biosorbent					1243:1252	a potent biosorbent	1234:1252	a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples	1234:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	3	49	theme	water	710:714	arg1	bodies					716:721	water bodies	710:721	water bodies	710:721	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	50	theme	amine	620:624	arg1	functionalities					636:650	amine and imine functionalities	620:650	amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies	620:721	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	51	theme	modified	541:548	arg1	PANI-NCC					583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	51	theme	modified	541:548	arg1	sorbent					574:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent	507:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC)	507:591	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	2	52	theme	agricultural	356:367	arg1	management					344:353	ecosystem management	334:353	ecosystem management	334:353	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	8	53	from	metals	1304:1309	arg1	samples					1343:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	the real environmental water samples	1314:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	7	54	theme	experimental	1009:1020	arg1	finding					1022:1028	The optimised experimental finding	995:1028	The optimised experimental finding	995:1028	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	4	55	dep	spectroscopic	788:800	arg1	microscopic					803:813	microscopic	803:813	microscopic	803:813	The fabricated nanobiomaterial has been authenticated by modern spectroscopic, microscopic techniques.
28476960	5	56	from	size	881:884	arg1	rod-like					852:859	rod-like	852:859	rod-like	852:859	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	7	57	dep	[Cr	1120:1122	arg1	48.92 mg/g					1130:1139	48.92 mg/g	1130:1139	48.92 mg/g; 97.84%	1130:1147	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	7	57	dep	[Cr	1120:1122	arg1	VI					1124:1125	VI	1124:1125	VI	1124:1125	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	3	58	theme	chromium	696:703	arg1	removal					660:666	the removal	656:666	the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies	656:721	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	0	59	dep	nano-cellulose	23:36	arg1	perspective					84:94	a green nanotech perspective	67:94	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.	0:95	Synthetically modified nano-cellulose for the removal of chromium: a green nanotech perspective.
28476960	3	60	theme	composite	564:572	arg1	PANI-NCC					583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	PANI-NCC	583:590	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	3	60	theme	composite	564:572	arg1	sorbent					574:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent	507:580	the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC)	507:591	Herein, the diafunctionalised polyaniline modified nanocellulose composite sorbent (PANI-NCC) has been used to introduce amine and imine functionalities for the removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium from water bodies.
28476960	8	61	theme	nano	1202:1205	arg1	biosorbent					1207:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent	1187:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent	1187:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	8	61	theme	nano	1202:1205	arg1	biosorbent					1243:1252	a potent biosorbent	1234:1252	a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples	1234:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	8	62	theme	potent	1236:1241	arg1	biosorbent					1207:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent	1187:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent	1187:1216	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	8	62	theme	potent	1236:1241	arg1	biosorbent					1243:1252	a potent biosorbent	1234:1252	a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples	1234:1349	The fabricated nano biosorbent is deemed to be a potent biosorbent for technological development to remove the toxic metals in the real environmental water samples.
28476960	7	63	theme	efficient	1043:1051	arg1	removal					1053:1059	the efficient removal	1039:1059	the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water	1039:1184	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	1	64	theme	heavy	143:147	arg1	metals					149:154	heavy metals	143:154	heavy metals	143:154	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development.
28476960	7	65	dep	47.06 mg/g	1085:1094	arg1	%					1102:1102	94.12%	1097:1102	47.06 mg/g; 94.12%	1085:1102	The optimised experimental finding provides the efficient removal of trivalent [Cr(III)] (47.06 mg/g; 94.12%) and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] (48.92 mg/g; 97.84%) chromium from synthetic waste water.
28476960	2	66	theme	water	479:483	arg1	purification					485:496	water purification	479:496	water purification	479:496	Green nanotechnology for water purification for ecosystem management, agricultural and industry is an emerging as leading global priority and occupies better position over the current state of water purification.
28476960	5	67	from	rod-like	852:859	arg1	size					881:884	size	881:884	size	881:884	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	5	67	from	rod-like	852:859	arg1	shape					864:868	shape	864:868	shape	864:868	The modified PANI-NCC is rod-like in shape, ~60 nm in size.
28476960	1	68	theme	metals	149:154	arg1	decontamination					124:138	the decontamination	120:138	the decontamination of heavy metals from water	120:165	Existing processes for the decontamination of heavy metals from water are found to be cost-prohibitive and energy-intensive which is totally against the sustainable concept of development.
24176195	0	0	theme	islets	92:97	arg1	transplantation					51:65	transplantation	51:65	transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets	51:97	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	2	1	theme	speckle	493:499	arg1	imaging					501:507	in vivo laser speckle imaging	479:507	in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI)	479:513	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	2	1	theme	speckle	493:499	arg1	LSI					510:512	LSI	510:512	LSI	510:512	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	2	2	theme	biomaterial	609:619	arg1	implants					621:628	biomaterial implants	609:628	biomaterial implants	609:628	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	3	3	theme	alginate	757:764	arg1	devices					703:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	3	theme	alginate	757:764	arg1	sheet					766:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	2	4	theme	vascular	373:380	arg1	response					382:389	the vascular response	369:389	the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation	369:435	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	1	5	theme	poor	260:263	arg1	perfusion					274:282	poor vascular perfusion	260:282	poor vascular perfusion	260:282	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	0	6	theme	encapsulated	79:90	arg1	islets					92:97	alginate encapsulated islets	70:97	alginate encapsulated islets	70:97	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	3	7	theme	alginate	712:719	arg1	devices					703:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	7	theme	alginate	712:719	arg1	microcapsules					721:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	8	8	theme	vascular	1507:1514	arg1	responses					1527:1535	the vascular and immune responses	1503:1535	the vascular and immune responses	1503:1535	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	2	9	dep	in	479:480	arg1	vivo					482:485	vivo	482:485	vivo	482:485	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	1	10	theme	vascular	265:272	arg1	perfusion					274:282	poor vascular perfusion	260:282	poor vascular perfusion	260:282	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	2	11	theme	wide-field	519:528	arg1	WiFI					550:553	WiFI	550:553	WiFI	550:553	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	2	11	theme	wide-field	519:528	arg1	imaging					541:547	wide-field functional imaging	519:547	wide-field functional imaging (WiFI)	519:554	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	7	12	theme	window	1336:1341	arg1	model					1351:1355	The dorsal window chamber model	1325:1355	The dorsal window chamber model	1325:1355	The dorsal window chamber model enables comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials.
24176195	7	13	theme	host	1379:1382	arg1	responses					1384:1392	host responses	1379:1392	host responses	1379:1392	The dorsal window chamber model enables comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials.
24176195	2	14	theme	microvascular	571:583	arg1	environment					585:595	the microvascular environment	567:595	the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants	567:628	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	6	15	theme	Significant	1185:1195	arg1	early					1284:1288	early	1284:1288	early	1284:1288	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	6	15	theme	Significant	1185:1195	arg1	changes					1197:1203	Significant changes	1185:1203	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density	1185:1268	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	4	16	theme	hemoglobin	992:1001	arg1	saturation					1010:1019	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	992:1019	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	992:1019	Images obtained over a 14-day period using LSI and WiFI were analyzed using algorithms to quantify blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density.
24176195	0	17	theme	skin-fold	116:124	arg1	model					126:130	the dorsal skin-fold model	105:130	the dorsal skin-fold model	105:130	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	1	18	theme	transplant	176:185	arg1	rejection					187:195	transplant rejection	176:195	transplant rejection	176:195	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	0	19	theme	dorsal	109:114	arg1	model					126:130	the dorsal skin-fold model	105:130	the dorsal skin-fold model	105:130	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	3	20	theme	high-guluronate	741:755	arg1	devices					703:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	20	theme	high-guluronate	741:755	arg1	sheet					766:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	4	21	theme	oxygen	1003:1008	arg1	saturation					1010:1019	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	992:1019	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	992:1019	Images obtained over a 14-day period using LSI and WiFI were analyzed using algorithms to quantify blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density.
24176195	4	22	theme	vascular	1025:1032	arg1	density					1034:1040	vascular density	1025:1040	vascular density	1025:1040	Images obtained over a 14-day period using LSI and WiFI were analyzed using algorithms to quantify blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density.
24176195	6	23	from	changes	1197:1203	arg1	flow					1214:1217	blood flow	1208:1217	blood flow	1208:1217	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	6	23	from	changes	1197:1203	arg1	saturation					1238:1247	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	1220:1247	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	1220:1247	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	6	23	from	changes	1197:1203	arg1	density					1262:1268	vascular density	1253:1268	vascular density	1253:1268	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	1	24	theme	rejection	187:195	arg1	risk					168:171	the risk	164:171	the risk of transplant rejection	164:195	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	2	25	theme	laser	487:491	arg1	imaging					501:507	in vivo laser speckle imaging	479:507	in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI)	479:513	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	2	25	theme	laser	487:491	arg1	LSI					510:512	LSI	510:512	LSI	510:512	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	4	26	theme	blood	980:984	arg1	flow					986:989	blood flow	980:989	blood flow	980:989	Images obtained over a 14-day period using LSI and WiFI were analyzed using algorithms to quantify blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density.
24176195	0	27	theme	Noninvasive	0:10	arg1	evaluation					12:21	Noninvasive evaluation	0:21	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets	0:97	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	5	28	theme	dyes	1179:1182	arg1	use					1160:1162	the use	1156:1162	the use of fluorescent dyes	1156:1182	Using our method, we were able to monitor the changes in the peri-implant microvasculature noninvasively without the use of fluorescent dyes.
24176195	6	29	theme	vascular	1253:1260	arg1	density					1262:1268	vascular density	1253:1268	vascular density	1253:1268	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	2	30	theme	imaging	325:331	arg1	models					333:338	existing imaging models	316:338	existing imaging models	316:338	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	8	31	from	effect	1458:1463	arg1	responses					1527:1535	the vascular and immune responses	1503:1535	the vascular and immune responses	1503:1535	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	8	31	from	effect	1458:1463	arg1	composition					1488:1498	alginate composition	1479:1498	alginate composition	1479:1498	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	2	32	theme	biomaterial	394:404	arg1	implants					406:413	biomaterial implants	394:413	biomaterial implants	394:413	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	1	33	theme	graft	295:299	arg1	failure					301:307	graft failure	295:307	graft failure	295:307	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	7	34	theme	responses	1384:1392	arg1	comparison					1365:1374	comparison	1365:1374	comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials	1365:1421	The dorsal window chamber model enables comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials.
24176195	2	35	theme	existing	316:323	arg1	models					333:338	existing imaging models	316:338	existing imaging models	316:338	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	1	36	theme	immune-mediated	208:222	arg1	injury					229:234	immune-mediated cell injury	208:234	immune-mediated cell injury	208:234	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	5	37	from	changes	1089:1095	arg1	microvasculature					1117:1132	the peri-implant microvasculature	1100:1132	the peri-implant microvasculature	1100:1132	Using our method, we were able to monitor the changes in the peri-implant microvasculature noninvasively without the use of fluorescent dyes.
24176195	8	38	theme	changes	1468:1474	arg1	effect					1458:1463	the effect	1454:1463	the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses	1454:1535	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	1	39	theme	cell	224:227	arg1	injury					229:234	immune-mediated cell injury	208:234	immune-mediated cell injury	208:234	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	0	40	theme	response	39:46	arg1	evaluation					12:21	Noninvasive evaluation	0:21	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets	0:97	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	2	41	theme	imaging	541:547	arg1	use					472:474	the use	468:474	the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants	468:628	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	3	42	theme	islet-containing	660:675	arg1	sheet					766:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	42	theme	islet-containing	660:675	arg1	devices					703:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	42	theme	islet-containing	660:675	arg1	microcapsules					721:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	7	43	theme	dorsal	1329:1334	arg1	model					1351:1355	The dorsal window chamber model	1325:1355	The dorsal window chamber model	1325:1355	The dorsal window chamber model enables comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials.
24176195	2	44	theme	in	479:480	arg1	imaging					501:507	in vivo laser speckle imaging	479:507	in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI)	479:513	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	2	44	theme	in	479:480	arg1	LSI					510:512	LSI	510:512	LSI	510:512	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	0	45	theme	vascular	30:37	arg1	response					39:46	the vascular response	26:46	the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets	26:97	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	8	46	theme	alginate	1479:1486	arg1	composition					1488:1498	alginate composition	1479:1498	alginate composition	1479:1498	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	7	47	theme	transplanted	1397:1408	arg1	biomaterials					1410:1421	transplanted biomaterials	1397:1421	transplanted biomaterials	1397:1421	The dorsal window chamber model enables comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials.
24176195	8	48	from	composition	1488:1498	arg1	effect					1458:1463	the effect	1454:1463	the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses	1454:1535	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	4	49	theme	14-day	904:909	arg1	period					911:916	a 14-day period	902:916	a 14-day period using LSI and WiFI	902:935	Images obtained over a 14-day period using LSI and WiFI were analyzed using algorithms to quantify blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density.
24176195	6	50	theme	oxygen	1231:1236	arg1	saturation					1238:1247	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	1220:1247	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	1220:1247	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	2	51	theme	functional	530:539	arg1	WiFI					550:553	WiFI	550:553	WiFI	550:553	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	2	51	theme	functional	530:539	arg1	imaging					541:547	wide-field functional imaging	519:547	wide-field functional imaging (WiFI)	519:554	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	8	52	theme	immune	1520:1525	arg1	responses					1527:1535	the vascular and immune responses	1503:1535	the vascular and immune responses	1503:1535	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	6	53	theme	hemoglobin	1220:1229	arg1	saturation					1238:1247	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	1220:1247	hemoglobin oxygen saturation	1220:1247	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	7	54	theme	chamber	1343:1349	arg1	model					1351:1355	The dorsal window chamber model	1325:1355	The dorsal window chamber model	1325:1355	The dorsal window chamber model enables comparison of host responses to transplanted biomaterials.
24176195	5	55	theme	fluorescent	1167:1177	arg1	dyes					1179:1182	fluorescent dyes	1167:1182	fluorescent dyes	1167:1182	Using our method, we were able to monitor the changes in the peri-implant microvasculature noninvasively without the use of fluorescent dyes.
24176195	6	56	theme	week	1303:1306	arg1	post-transplant					1308:1322	the first week post-transplant	1293:1322	the first week post-transplant	1293:1322	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	8	57	from	changes	1468:1474	arg1	composition					1488:1498	alginate composition	1479:1498	alginate composition	1479:1498	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	1	58	theme	Alginate	133:140	arg1	encapsulation					142:154	Alginate encapsulation	133:154	Alginate encapsulation	133:154	Alginate encapsulation reduces the risk of transplant rejection by evading immune-mediated cell injury and rejection; however, poor vascular perfusion results in graft failure.
24176195	3	59	theme	window	839:844	arg1	chamber					846:852	the mouse dorsal window chamber	822:852	the mouse dorsal window chamber	822:852	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	6	60	theme	first	1297:1301	arg1	post-transplant					1308:1322	the first week post-transplant	1293:1322	the first week post-transplant	1293:1322	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	3	61	theme	biomaterial	677:687	arg1	sheet					766:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	61	theme	biomaterial	677:687	arg1	devices					703:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	61	theme	biomaterial	677:687	arg1	microcapsules					721:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	62	theme	vascular	635:642	arg1	response					644:651	The vascular response	631:651	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet,	631:771	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	0	63	theme	alginate	70:77	arg1	islets					92:97	alginate encapsulated islets	70:97	alginate encapsulated islets	70:97	Noninvasive evaluation of the vascular response to transplantation of alginate encapsulated islets using the dorsal skin-fold model.
24176195	3	64	theme	encapsulation	689:701	arg1	sheet					766:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	a high-guluronate alginate sheet	739:770	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	64	theme	encapsulation	689:701	arg1	devices					703:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices	656:709	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	64	theme	encapsulation	689:701	arg1	microcapsules					721:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	alginate microcapsules	712:733	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	6	65	theme	blood	1208:1212	arg1	flow					1214:1217	blood flow	1208:1217	blood flow	1208:1217	Significant changes in blood flow, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and vascular density were noted as early as the first week post-transplant.
24176195	8	66	theme	Future	1424:1429	arg1	experiments					1431:1441	Future experiments	1424:1441	Future experiments	1424:1441	Future experiments will study the effect of changes in alginate composition on the vascular and immune responses.
24176195	3	67	theme	implant	865:871	arg1	group					873:877	implant group	865:877	implant group	865:877	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	3	68	theme	mouse	826:830	arg1	chamber					846:852	the mouse dorsal window chamber	822:852	the mouse dorsal window chamber	822:852	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
24176195	2	69	theme	imaging	501:507	arg1	use					472:474	the use	468:474	the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants	468:628	Since existing imaging models are incapable of quantifying the vascular response to biomaterial implants after transplantation, in this study, we demonstrate the use of in vivo laser speckle imaging (LSI) and wide-field functional imaging (WiFI) to monitor the microvascular environment surrounding biomaterial implants.
24176195	5	70	theme	peri-implant	1104:1115	arg1	microvasculature					1117:1132	the peri-implant microvasculature	1100:1132	the peri-implant microvasculature	1100:1132	Using our method, we were able to monitor the changes in the peri-implant microvasculature noninvasively without the use of fluorescent dyes.
24176195	3	71	theme	dorsal	832:837	arg1	chamber					846:852	the mouse dorsal window chamber	822:852	the mouse dorsal window chamber	822:852	The vascular response to two islet-containing biomaterial encapsulation devices, alginate microcapsules and a high-guluronate alginate sheet, was studied and compared after implantation into the mouse dorsal window chamber (N = 4 per implant group).
29093195	11	0	theme	HFD	1172:1174	arg1	dams					1176:1179	HFD dams	1172:1179	HFD dams	1172:1179	Lactose and fat concentration were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in milk of HFD dams.
29093195	4	1	theme	old	453:455	arg1	mice					468:471	4 wk old female ICR mice	448:471	4 wk old female ICR mice	448:471	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	8	2	theme	milk	863:866	arg1	fraction					872:879	milk fat fraction	863:879	milk fat fraction of P10 samples	863:894	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	10	3	theme	control	1079:1085	arg1	mice					1087:1090	the control mice	1075:1090	the control mice	1075:1090	After 4 wk of prepregnancy feeding HFD mice weighed significantly more than did the control mice.
29093195	4	4	theme	10	531:532	arg1	%					533:533	%	533:533	%	533:533	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	11	5	theme	dams	1176:1179	arg1	milk					1164:1167	milk	1164:1167	milk of HFD dams	1164:1179	Lactose and fat concentration were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in milk of HFD dams.
29093195	12	6	theme	control	1260:1266	arg1	dams					1268:1271	HFD vs. control dams	1252:1271	HFD vs. control dams	1252:1271	Pup weight was significantly greater ( P < 0.05) in groups suckled by HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	8	7	used	used	900:903	arg2	RNA					841:843	Total RNA	835:843	Total RNA	835:843	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	10	8	theme	HFD	1030:1032	arg1	mice					1034:1037	HFD mice	1030:1037	HFD mice	1030:1037	After 4 wk of prepregnancy feeding HFD mice weighed significantly more than did the control mice.
29093195	15	9	theme	nucleic	1569:1575	arg1	acids					1577:1581	bioactive nucleic acids	1559:1581	bioactive nucleic acids	1559:1581	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	0	10	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	transcriptome					41:53	secreted milk transcriptome	27:53	secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice	27:74	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	14	11	theme	target	1389:1394	arg1	genes					1396:1400	target genes	1389:1400	target genes	1389:1400	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	10	12	dep	did	1071:1073	arg1	than					1066:1069	than	1066:1069	than	1066:1069	After 4 wk of prepregnancy feeding HFD mice weighed significantly more than did the control mice.
29093195	4	13	theme	kcal	535:538	arg1	fat					540:542	kcal fat	535:542	kcal fat	535:542	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	0	14	from	transcriptome	41:53	arg1	mice					71:74	midlactation mice	58:74	midlactation mice	58:74	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	8	15	theme	fat	868:870	arg1	fraction					872:879	milk fat fraction	863:879	milk fat fraction of P10 samples	863:894	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	15	16	theme	milk	1550:1553	arg1	mRNA					1524:1527	mRNA	1524:1527	mRNA	1524:1527	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	15	16	theme	milk	1550:1553	arg1	content					1539:1545	miRNA content	1533:1545	miRNA content	1533:1545	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	4	17	theme	%	533:533	arg1	fat					540:542	kcal fat	535:542	kcal fat	535:542	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	8	18	theme	Total	835:839	arg1	RNA					841:843	Total RNA	835:843	Total RNA	835:843	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	8	19	theme	P10	884:886	arg1	samples					888:894	P10 samples	884:894	P10 samples	884:894	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	4	20	theme	60	563:564	arg1	%					565:565	%	565:565	%	565:565	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	13	21	theme	HFD	1355:1357	arg1	dams					1371:1374	HFD vs. control dams	1355:1374	HFD vs. control dams	1355:1374	There were 25 miRNA and over 1,500 mRNA differentially expressed (DE) in milk of HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	15	22	theme	bioactive	1559:1567	arg1	acids					1577:1581	bioactive nucleic acids	1559:1581	bioactive nucleic acids	1559:1581	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	3	23	theme	milk	404:407	arg1	transcriptome					409:421	secreted milk transcriptome	395:421	secreted milk transcriptome	395:421	Our objective was to determine the effect of maternal HFD on secreted milk transcriptome.
29093195	8	24	attach	isolated	849:856	arg2	RNA					841:843	Total RNA	835:843	Total RNA	835:843	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	8	24	attach	isolated	849:856	arg1	fraction					872:879	milk fat fraction	863:879	milk fat fraction of P10 samples	863:894	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	9	25	theme	macronutrient	968:980	arg1	composition					982:992	macronutrient composition	968:992	macronutrient composition	968:992	P12 milk was used to determine macronutrient composition.
29093195	0	26	theme	secreted	27:34	arg1	transcriptome					41:53	secreted milk transcriptome	27:53	secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice	27:74	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	2	27	theme	microRNA	251:258	arg1	miRNA					261:265	milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content	246:283	miRNA	261:265	We hypothesized that HFD affects milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content, which potentially impact offspring development.
29093195	14	28	theme	organismal	1479:1488	arg1	development					1490:1500	multicellular organismal development	1465:1500	multicellular organismal development	1465:1500	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	13	29	dep	expressed	1329:1337	arg1	DE					1340:1341	DE	1340:1341	DE	1340:1341	There were 25 miRNA and over 1,500 mRNA differentially expressed (DE) in milk of HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	13	29	dep	expressed	1329:1337	arg1	miRNA					1288:1292	25 miRNA	1285:1292	25 miRNA	1285:1292	There were 25 miRNA and over 1,500 mRNA differentially expressed (DE) in milk of HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	13	30	theme	dams	1371:1374	arg1	milk					1347:1350	milk	1347:1350	milk of HFD vs. control dams	1347:1374	There were 25 miRNA and over 1,500 mRNA differentially expressed (DE) in milk of HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	4	31	dep	treatments	495:504	arg1	diet					515:518	control diet	507:518	two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat	491:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	5	32	theme	same	644:647	arg1	diets					649:653	the same diets	640:653	the same diets	640:653	After 4 wk on CD or HFD, mice were bred while continuously fed the same diets.
29093195	1	33	theme	High-fat	77:84	arg1	diet					86:89	High-fat diet	77:89	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation	77:112	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	1	33	theme	High-fat	77:84	arg1	HFD					92:94	HFD	92:94	HFD	92:94	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	8	34	theme	small	922:926	arg1	RNA-Seq					928:934	small RNA-Seq	922:934	small RNA-Seq	922:934	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	11	35	dep	Lactose	1093:1099	arg1	concentration					1109:1121	concentration	1109:1121	concentration	1109:1121	Lactose and fat concentration were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in milk of HFD dams.
29093195	8	36	theme	samples	888:894	arg1	fraction					872:879	milk fat fraction	863:879	milk fat fraction of P10 samples	863:894	Total RNA was isolated from milk fat fraction of P10 samples and used for mRNA-Seq and small RNA-Seq.
29093195	11	37	dep	higher	1154:1159	arg1	<					1146:1146	P < 0.05	1144:1151	P < 0.05	1144:1151	Lactose and fat concentration were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in milk of HFD dams.
29093195	3	38	theme	secreted	395:402	arg1	transcriptome					409:421	secreted milk transcriptome	395:421	secreted milk transcriptome	395:421	Our objective was to determine the effect of maternal HFD on secreted milk transcriptome.
29093195	0	39	theme	diet	19:22	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.	0:75	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	6	40	theme	postnatal	659:667	arg1	day					669:671	postnatal day 2	659:673	postnatal day 2 (P2)	659:678	On postnatal day 2 (P2), litters were normalized to 10 pups, and half the pups in each litter were cross-fostered between treatments.
29093195	6	40	theme	postnatal	659:667	arg1	P2					676:677	P2	676:677	P2	676:677	On postnatal day 2 (P2), litters were normalized to 10 pups, and half the pups in each litter were cross-fostered between treatments.
29093195	2	41	theme	mRNA	272:275	arg1	content					277:283	milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content	246:283	content	277:283	We hypothesized that HFD affects milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content, which potentially impact offspring development.
29093195	14	42	theme	DE	1377:1378	arg1	mRNA					1380:1383	DE mRNA	1377:1383	DE mRNA	1377:1383	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	1	43	theme	metabolic	176:184	arg1	diseases					186:193	metabolic diseases	176:193	metabolic diseases in the offspring	176:210	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	0	44	theme	high-fat	10:17	arg1	diet					19:22	high-fat diet	10:22	high-fat diet	10:22	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	10	45	theme	prepregnancy	1009:1020	arg1	feeding					1022:1028	prepregnancy feeding	1009:1028	prepregnancy feeding	1009:1028	After 4 wk of prepregnancy feeding HFD mice weighed significantly more than did the control mice.
29093195	12	46	dep	greater	1211:1217	arg1	<					1223:1223	P < 0.05	1221:1228	P < 0.05	1221:1228	Pup weight was significantly greater ( P < 0.05) in groups suckled by HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	9	47	theme	P12	937:939	arg1	milk					941:944	P12 milk	937:944	P12 milk	937:944	P12 milk was used to determine macronutrient composition.
29093195	11	48	theme	P	1144:1144	arg1	<					1146:1146	P < 0.05	1144:1151	P < 0.05	1144:1151	Lactose and fat concentration were significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in milk of HFD dams.
29093195	1	49	theme	diseases	186:193	arg1	development					161:171	development	161:171	development of metabolic diseases in the offspring	161:210	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	3	50	theme	maternal	379:386	arg1	HFD					388:390	maternal HFD	379:390	maternal HFD	379:390	Our objective was to determine the effect of maternal HFD on secreted milk transcriptome.
29093195	4	51	theme	control	507:513	arg1	diet					515:518	control diet	507:518	two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat	491:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	9	52	used	used	950:953	arg2	milk					941:944	P12 milk	937:944	P12 milk	937:944	P12 milk was used to determine macronutrient composition.
29093195	12	53	theme	P	1221:1221	arg1	<					1223:1223	P < 0.05	1221:1228	P < 0.05	1221:1228	Pup weight was significantly greater ( P < 0.05) in groups suckled by HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	3	54	theme	HFD	388:390	arg1	effect					369:374	the effect	365:374	the effect of maternal HFD on secreted milk transcriptome	365:421	Our objective was to determine the effect of maternal HFD on secreted milk transcriptome.
29093195	14	55	theme	multicellular	1465:1477	arg1	development					1490:1500	multicellular organismal development	1465:1500	multicellular organismal development	1465:1500	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	6	56	from	half	721:724	arg1	litter					743:748	each litter	738:748	each litter	738:748	On postnatal day 2 (P2), litters were normalized to 10 pups, and half the pups in each litter were cross-fostered between treatments.
29093195	4	57	theme	kcal	567:570	arg1	fat					572:574	60% kcal fat	563:574	60% kcal fat	563:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	5	58	from	wk	585:586	arg1	HFD					597:599	HFD	597:599	HFD	597:599	After 4 wk on CD or HFD, mice were bred while continuously fed the same diets.
29093195	5	58	from	wk	585:586	arg1	CD					591:592	CD	591:592	CD	591:592	After 4 wk on CD or HFD, mice were bred while continuously fed the same diets.
29093195	13	59	theme	control	1363:1369	arg1	dams					1371:1374	HFD vs. control dams	1355:1374	HFD vs. control dams	1355:1374	There were 25 miRNA and over 1,500 mRNA differentially expressed (DE) in milk of HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	15	60	theme	neonate	1599:1605	arg1	differences					1607:1617	neonate differences	1599:1617	neonate differences	1599:1617	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	4	61	contain	containing	520:529	arg2	HFD					548:550	HFD	548:550	HFD	548:550	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	4	61	contain	containing	520:529	arg2	fat					540:542	kcal fat	535:542	kcal fat	535:542	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	4	61	contain	containing	520:529	arg1	diet					515:518	control diet	507:518	two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat	491:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	2	62	theme	offspring	311:319	arg1	development					321:331	offspring development	311:331	offspring development	311:331	We hypothesized that HFD affects milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content, which potentially impact offspring development.
29093195	0	63	theme	milk	36:39	arg1	transcriptome					41:53	secreted milk transcriptome	27:53	secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice	27:74	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	6	64	dep	half	721:724	arg1	pups					730:733	the pups	726:733	half the pups in each litter	721:748	On postnatal day 2 (P2), litters were normalized to 10 pups, and half the pups in each litter were cross-fostered between treatments.
29093195	4	65	theme	female	457:462	arg1	mice					468:471	4 wk old female ICR mice	448:471	4 wk old female ICR mice	448:471	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	12	66	theme	HFD	1252:1254	arg1	dams					1268:1271	HFD vs. control dams	1252:1271	HFD vs. control dams	1252:1271	Pup weight was significantly greater ( P < 0.05) in groups suckled by HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	15	67	theme	Maternal	1503:1510	arg1	HFD					1512:1514	Maternal HFD	1503:1514	Maternal HFD	1503:1514	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	1	68	from	offspring	202:210	arg1	development					161:171	development	161:171	development of metabolic diseases in the offspring	161:210	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	14	69	theme	miRNA	1408:1412	arg1	mRNA					1380:1383	DE mRNA	1377:1383	DE mRNA	1377:1383	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	14	69	theme	miRNA	1408:1412	arg1	genes					1396:1400	target genes	1389:1400	target genes	1389:1400	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	2	70	theme	milk	246:249	arg1	miRNA					261:265	milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content	246:283	miRNA	261:265	We hypothesized that HFD affects milk microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA content, which potentially impact offspring development.
29093195	1	71	from	diseases	186:193	arg1	offspring					202:210	the offspring	198:210	the offspring	198:210	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	12	72	theme	Pup	1182:1184	arg1	weight					1186:1191	Pup weight	1182:1191	Pup weight	1182:1191	Pup weight was significantly greater ( P < 0.05) in groups suckled by HFD vs. control dams.
29093195	4	73	theme	ICR	464:466	arg1	mice					468:471	4 wk old female ICR mice	448:471	4 wk old female ICR mice	448:471	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	4	74	contain	containing	552:561	arg2	fat					572:574	60% kcal fat	563:574	60% kcal fat	563:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	4	74	contain	containing	552:561	arg1	diet					515:518	control diet	507:518	two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat	491:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	1	75	from	development	161:171	arg1	offspring					202:210	the offspring	198:210	the offspring	198:210	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	15	76	theme	miRNA	1533:1537	arg1	content					1539:1545	miRNA content	1533:1545	miRNA content	1533:1545	Maternal HFD impacts mRNA and miRNA content of milk, if bioactive nucleic acids are absorbed by neonate differences may affect development.
29093195	0	77	theme	midlactation	58:69	arg1	mice					71:74	midlactation mice	58:74	midlactation mice	58:74	Effect of high-fat diet on secreted milk transcriptome in midlactation mice.
29093195	14	78	theme	DE	1405:1406	arg1	miRNA					1408:1412	DE miRNA	1405:1412	DE miRNA	1405:1412	DE mRNA and target genes of DE miRNA enriched categories that were primarily related to multicellular organismal development.
29093195	4	79	theme	%	565:565	arg1	fat					572:574	60% kcal fat	563:574	60% kcal fat	563:574	To meet this objective, 4 wk old female ICR mice were divided into two treatments: control diet containing 10% kcal fat and HFD containing 60% kcal fat.
29093195	1	80	theme	milk	121:124	arg1	composition					126:136	milk composition	121:136	milk composition	121:136	High-fat diet (HFD) during lactation alters milk composition and is associated with development of metabolic diseases in the offspring.
29093195	10	81	theme	feeding	1022:1028	arg1	wk					1003:1004	4 wk	1001:1004	4 wk of prepregnancy feeding	1001:1028	After 4 wk of prepregnancy feeding HFD mice weighed significantly more than did the control mice.
29093195	3	82	from	effect	369:374	arg1	transcriptome					409:421	secreted milk transcriptome	395:421	secreted milk transcriptome	395:421	Our objective was to determine the effect of maternal HFD on secreted milk transcriptome.
27744146	0	0	theme	meat	67:70	arg1	composition					83:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	1	1	theme	rumen	254:258	arg1	degradability					260:272	starch rumen degradability	247:272	starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%)	247:298	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	7	2	theme	t10-18:1	837:844	arg1	trans-MUFA					808:817	the trans-MUFA	804:817	the trans-MUFA	804:817	Mid-starch diets increased (P<0.05) the saturated FA and cis-MUFA but decreased (P<0.05) the trans-MUFA, particularly the t10-18:1, when compared with high-starch diets.
27744146	7	3	theme	saturated	755:763	arg1	FA					765:766	the saturated FA	751:766	the saturated FA	751:766	Mid-starch diets increased (P<0.05) the saturated FA and cis-MUFA but decreased (P<0.05) the trans-MUFA, particularly the t10-18:1, when compared with high-starch diets.
27744146	0	4	theme	lamb	62:65	arg1	composition					83:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	2	5	theme	fatty	356:360	arg1	acid					362:365	meat fatty acid	351:365	meat fatty acid (FA)	351:370	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	2	5	theme	fatty	356:360	arg1	FA					368:369	FA	368:369	FA	368:369	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	0	6	theme	acid	78:81	arg1	composition					83:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	0	7	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	composition					83:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	0	8	theme	fatty	72:76	arg1	composition					83:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	lamb meat fatty acid composition	62:93	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	6	9	theme	meat	682:685	arg1	content					671:677	Lipid content	665:677	Lipid content of meat	665:685	Lipid content of meat was unaffected by the diet.
27744146	5	10	theme	meat	609:612	arg1	force					620:624	meat shear force	609:624	meat shear force	609:624	High-degradability diets decreased (P=0.04) meat shear force compared with mid-degradability diets.
27744146	5	11	theme	shear	614:618	arg1	force					620:624	meat shear force	609:624	meat shear force	609:624	High-degradability diets decreased (P=0.04) meat shear force compared with mid-degradability diets.
27744146	7	12	theme	Mid-starch	715:724	arg1	diets					726:730	Mid-starch diets	715:730	Mid-starch diets	715:730	Mid-starch diets increased (P<0.05) the saturated FA and cis-MUFA but decreased (P<0.05) the trans-MUFA, particularly the t10-18:1, when compared with high-starch diets.
27744146	2	13	theme	meat	351:354	arg1	acid					362:365	meat fatty acid	351:365	meat fatty acid (FA)	351:370	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	2	13	theme	meat	351:354	arg1	FA					368:369	FA	368:369	FA	368:369	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	8	14	theme	total	907:911	arg1	FA					913:914	total FA	907:914	total FA	907:914	The t11-18:1 (0.7% of total FA) and c9,t11-18:2 (<0.3%) remained low and the 18:3n-3 remained high (1.74%) and unaffected by diet.
27744146	6	15	theme	Lipid	665:669	arg1	content					671:677	Lipid content	665:677	Lipid content of meat	665:685	Lipid content of meat was unaffected by the diet.
27744146	1	16	dep	degradability	260:272	arg1	high					288:291	high	288:291	high	288:291	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	1	16	dep	degradability	260:272	arg1	%					297:297	≈80%	294:297	≈80%	294:297	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	1	16	dep	degradability	260:272	arg1	≈70					280:282	≈70	280:282	≈70	280:282	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	1	16	dep	degradability	260:272	arg1	mid					275:277	mid	275:277	mid	275:277	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	4	17	theme	animal	526:531	arg1	performance					533:543	animal performance	526:543	animal performance	526:543	Treatment had no effect on animal performance and carcass traits.
27744146	0	18	theme	starch	18:23	arg1	level					25:29	dietary starch level	10:29	dietary starch level	10:29	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	2	19	theme	biohydrogenation	402:417	arg1	intermediates					419:431	biohydrogenation intermediates	402:431	biohydrogenation intermediates	402:431	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	0	20	theme	dietary	10:16	arg1	level					25:29	dietary starch level	10:29	dietary starch level	10:29	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	7	21	dep	increased	732:740	arg1	P<0.05					743:748	P<0.05	743:748	P<0.05	743:748	Mid-starch diets increased (P<0.05) the saturated FA and cis-MUFA but decreased (P<0.05) the trans-MUFA, particularly the t10-18:1, when compared with high-starch diets.
27744146	4	22	contain	had	509:511	arg1	Treatment					499:507	Treatment	499:507	Treatment	499:507	Treatment had no effect on animal performance and carcass traits.
27744146	4	22	contain	had	509:511	arg2	effect					516:521	no effect	513:521	no effect	513:521	Treatment had no effect on animal performance and carcass traits.
27744146	1	23	theme	sunflower	167:175	arg1	blend					181:185	a linseed and sunflower oil blend	153:185	blend	181:185	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	0	24	theme	degradability	45:57	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.	0:94	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	8	25	theme	FA	913:914	arg1	%					902:902	0.7%	899:902	0.7% of total FA	899:914	The t11-18:1 (0.7% of total FA) and c9,t11-18:2 (<0.3%) remained low and the 18:3n-3 remained high (1.74%) and unaffected by diet.
27744146	8	25	theme	FA	913:914	arg1	FA					913:914	total FA	907:914	total FA	907:914	The t11-18:1 (0.7% of total FA) and c9,t11-18:2 (<0.3%) remained low and the 18:3n-3 remained high (1.74%) and unaffected by diet.
27744146	1	26	theme	oil	177:179	arg1	blend					181:185	a linseed and sunflower oil blend	153:185	blend	181:185	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	2	27	theme	traits	340:345	arg1	growth					324:329	growth	324:329	growth	324:329	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	2	27	theme	traits	340:345	arg1	composition					372:382	carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition	332:382	carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition	332:382	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	0	28	theme	level	25:29	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.	0:94	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	2	29	theme	diet	316:319	arg1	effects					305:311	The effects	301:311	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates	301:431	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	7	30	theme	high-starch	866:876	arg1	diets					878:882	high-starch diets	866:882	high-starch diets	866:882	Mid-starch diets increased (P<0.05) the saturated FA and cis-MUFA but decreased (P<0.05) the trans-MUFA, particularly the t10-18:1, when compared with high-starch diets.
27744146	2	31	theme	carcass	332:338	arg1	traits					340:345	carcass traits	332:345	carcass traits	332:345	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	2	32	theme	acid	362:365	arg1	growth					324:329	growth	324:329	growth	324:329	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	2	32	theme	acid	362:365	arg1	composition					372:382	carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition	332:382	carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition	332:382	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	5	33	theme	High-degradability	565:582	arg1	diets					584:588	High-degradability diets	565:588	High-degradability diets	565:588	High-degradability diets decreased (P=0.04) meat shear force compared with mid-degradability diets.
27744146	2	34	with	growth	324:329	arg1	emphasis					390:397	emphasis	390:397	emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates	390:431	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	8	35	dep	t11-18:1	889:896	arg1	%					902:902	0.7%	899:902	0.7% of total FA	899:914	The t11-18:1 (0.7% of total FA) and c9,t11-18:2 (<0.3%) remained low and the 18:3n-3 remained high (1.74%) and unaffected by diet.
27744146	8	35	dep	t11-18:1	889:896	arg1	FA					913:914	total FA	907:914	total FA	907:914	The t11-18:1 (0.7% of total FA) and c9,t11-18:2 (<0.3%) remained low and the 18:3n-3 remained high (1.74%) and unaffected by diet.
27744146	2	36	from	emphasis	390:397	arg1	intermediates					419:431	biohydrogenation intermediates	402:431	biohydrogenation intermediates	402:431	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	8	37	dep	high	979:982	arg1	%					989:989	1.74%	985:989	1.74%	985:989	The t11-18:1 (0.7% of total FA) and c9,t11-18:2 (<0.3%) remained low and the 18:3n-3 remained high (1.74%) and unaffected by diet.
27744146	1	38	dep	level	211:215	arg1	high					231:234	high	231:234	high	231:234	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	1	38	dep	level	211:215	arg1	%					240:240	≈50%	237:240	≈50%	237:240	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	1	38	dep	level	211:215	arg1	≈35					223:225	≈35	223:225	≈35	223:225	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	1	38	dep	level	211:215	arg1	mid					218:220	mid	218:220	mid	218:220	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	5	39	theme	mid-degradability	640:656	arg1	diets					658:662	mid-degradability diets	640:662	mid-degradability diets	640:662	High-degradability diets decreased (P=0.04) meat shear force compared with mid-degradability diets.
27744146	5	40	dep	decreased	590:598	arg1	P=0.04					601:606	P=0.04	601:606	P=0.04	601:606	High-degradability diets decreased (P=0.04) meat shear force compared with mid-degradability diets.
27744146	4	41	theme	carcass	549:555	arg1	traits					557:562	carcass traits	549:562	carcass traits	549:562	Treatment had no effect on animal performance and carcass traits.
27744146	0	42	theme	rumen	39:43	arg1	degradability					45:57	its rumen degradability	35:57	its rumen degradability	35:57	Effect of dietary starch level and its rumen degradability on lamb meat fatty acid composition.
27744146	1	43	theme	starch	247:252	arg1	degradability					260:272	starch rumen degradability	247:272	starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%)	247:298	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27744146	2	44	from	effects	305:311	arg1	growth					324:329	growth	324:329	growth	324:329	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	2	44	from	effects	305:311	arg1	composition					372:382	carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition	332:382	carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition	332:382	The effects of diet on growth, carcass traits and meat fatty acid (FA) composition, with emphasis on biohydrogenation intermediates were evaluated.
27744146	7	45	dep	decreased	785:793	arg1	P<0.05					796:801	P<0.05	796:801	P<0.05	796:801	Mid-starch diets increased (P<0.05) the saturated FA and cis-MUFA but decreased (P<0.05) the trans-MUFA, particularly the t10-18:1, when compared with high-starch diets.
27744146	1	46	theme	starch	204:209	arg1	level					211:215	starch level	204:215	starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%)	204:241	Forty lambs were fed one of four diets supplemented with a linseed and sunflower oil blend but differing in starch level (mid, ≈35 vs. high, ≈50%) and starch rumen degradability (mid, ≈70 vs. high, ≈80%).
27561489	1	0	with	nanoparticles	165:177	arg1	core					195:198	a magnetic core	184:198	a magnetic core	184:198	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	1	0	with	nanoparticles	165:177	arg1	shell					221:225	a chitosan-based shell	204:225	a chitosan-based shell	204:225	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	4	1	theme	experimental	701:712	arg1	results					714:720	the experimental results	697:720	the experimental results	697:720	The modelling of the experimental results revealed a release mechanism dominated by Fickian diffusion.
27561489	2	2	theme	drug	491:494	arg1	release					496:502	a higher drug release	482:502	a higher drug release	482:502	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	3	3	theme	synthesis	518:526	arg1	method					528:533	the synthesis method	514:533	the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles	514:565	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	3	4	theme	oxide	547:551	arg1	nanoparticles					553:565	the iron oxide nanoparticles	538:565	the iron oxide nanoparticles	538:565	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	3	5	theme	total	582:586	arg1	DOX					598:600	DOX	598:600	DOX	598:600	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	3	5	theme	total	582:586	arg1	amount					588:593	the total amount	578:593	the total amount of DOX released	578:609	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	3	6	theme	nanoparticles	553:565	arg1	method					528:533	the synthesis method	514:533	the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles	514:565	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	0	7	theme	release	126:132	arg1	Optimization					84:95	Optimization	84:95	Optimization	84:95	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	7	theme	release	126:132	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles	27:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	27:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	7	theme	release	126:132	arg1	modelling					101:109	modelling	101:109	modelling	101:109	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	8	theme	doxorubicin	114:124	arg1	release					126:132	doxorubicin release	114:132	doxorubicin release	114:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	2	9	theme	higher	484:489	arg1	release					496:502	a higher drug release	482:502	a higher drug release	482:502	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	3	10	theme	iron	542:545	arg1	nanoparticles					553:565	the iron oxide nanoparticles	538:565	the iron oxide nanoparticles	538:565	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	1	11	theme	magnetic	186:193	arg1	core					195:198	a magnetic core	184:198	a magnetic core	184:198	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	2	12	theme	composite	311:319	arg1	nanoparticles					321:333	composite nanoparticles	311:333	composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range	311:390	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	4	13	theme	Fickian	764:770	arg1	diffusion					772:780	Fickian diffusion	764:780	Fickian diffusion	764:780	The modelling of the experimental results revealed a release mechanism dominated by Fickian diffusion.
27561489	2	14	theme	polymeric	430:438	arg1	nanoparticles					440:452	polymeric nanoparticles	430:452	polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release	430:502	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	3	15	theme	nanoparticles	644:656	arg1	content					622:628	a high content	615:628	a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles	615:656	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	0	16	dep	nanoparticles	69:81	arg1	Optimization					84:95	Optimization	84:95	Optimization	84:95	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	16	dep	nanoparticles	69:81	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles	27:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	27:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	16	dep	nanoparticles	69:81	arg1	modelling					101:109	modelling	101:109	modelling	101:109	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	1	17	theme	chitosan-based	206:219	arg1	shell					221:225	a chitosan-based shell	204:225	a chitosan-based shell	204:225	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	0	18	theme	chitosan-based	43:56	arg1	Optimization					84:95	Optimization	84:95	Optimization	84:95	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	18	theme	chitosan-based	43:56	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles	27:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	27:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	18	theme	chitosan-based	43:56	arg1	modelling					101:109	modelling	101:109	modelling	101:109	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	2	19	with	nanoparticles	321:333	arg1	diameter					355:362	a hydrodynamic diameter	340:362	a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range	340:390	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	2	20	theme	more	416:419	arg1	DOX					421:423	more DOX	416:423	more DOX	416:423	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	0	21	theme	multifunctional	27:41	arg1	Optimization					84:95	Optimization	84:95	Optimization	84:95	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	21	theme	multifunctional	27:41	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles	27:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	27:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	21	theme	multifunctional	27:41	arg1	modelling					101:109	modelling	101:109	modelling	101:109	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	3	22	theme	iron	633:636	arg1	nanoparticles					644:656	iron oxide nanoparticles	633:656	iron oxide nanoparticles	633:656	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	0	23	theme	oxide	63:67	arg1	Optimization					84:95	Optimization	84:95	Optimization	84:95	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	23	theme	oxide	63:67	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles	27:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	27:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	23	theme	oxide	63:67	arg1	modelling					101:109	modelling	101:109	modelling	101:109	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	3	24	theme	oxide	638:642	arg1	nanoparticles					644:656	iron oxide nanoparticles	633:656	iron oxide nanoparticles	633:656	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	2	25	theme	hydrodynamic	342:353	arg1	diameter					355:362	a hydrodynamic diameter	340:362	a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range	340:390	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	0	26	theme	iron	58:61	arg1	Optimization					84:95	Optimization	84:95	Optimization	84:95	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	26	theme	iron	58:61	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles	27:81	multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	27:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	0	26	theme	iron	58:61	arg1	modelling					101:109	modelling	101:109	modelling	101:109	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	3	27	theme	DOX	598:600	arg1	DOX					598:600	DOX	598:600	DOX	598:600	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	3	27	theme	DOX	598:600	arg1	amount					588:593	the total amount	578:593	the total amount of DOX released	578:609	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	4	28	theme	results	714:720	arg1	modelling					684:692	The modelling	680:692	The modelling of the experimental results	680:720	The modelling of the experimental results revealed a release mechanism dominated by Fickian diffusion.
27561489	4	29	theme	release	733:739	arg1	mechanism					741:749	a release mechanism	731:749	a release mechanism dominated by Fickian diffusion	731:780	The modelling of the experimental results revealed a release mechanism dominated by Fickian diffusion.
27561489	3	30	theme	DOX	667:669	arg1	release					671:677	DOX release	667:677	DOX release	667:677	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	1	31	theme	present	142:148	arg1	work					150:153	the present work	138:153	the present work	138:153	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	2	32	theme	nanometric	375:384	arg1	range					386:390	the nanometric range	371:390	the nanometric range	371:390	The results show that composite nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter within the nanometric range are able to encapsulate more DOX than polymeric nanoparticles alone corresponding also to a higher drug release.
27561489	1	33	theme	drug	244:247	arg1	nanoparticles					165:177	composite nanoparticles	155:177	composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell	155:225	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	1	33	theme	drug	244:247	arg1	systems					258:264	drug delivery systems	244:264	drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX)	244:286	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	0	34	theme	nanoparticles	69:81	arg1	development					12:22	the development	8:22	the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release	8:132	Towards the development of multifunctional chitosan-based iron oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and modelling of doxorubicin release.
27561489	3	35	theme	high	617:620	arg1	content					622:628	a high content	615:628	a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles	615:656	Moreover the synthesis method of the iron oxide nanoparticles influences the total amount of DOX released and a high content of iron oxide nanoparticles inhibits DOX release.
27561489	1	36	theme	composite	155:163	arg1	nanoparticles					165:177	composite nanoparticles	155:177	composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell	155:225	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	1	36	theme	composite	155:163	arg1	systems					258:264	drug delivery systems	244:264	drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX)	244:286	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	1	37	theme	delivery	249:256	arg1	nanoparticles					165:177	composite nanoparticles	155:177	composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell	155:225	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27561489	1	37	theme	delivery	249:256	arg1	systems					258:264	drug delivery systems	244:264	drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX)	244:286	In the present work composite nanoparticles with a magnetic core and a chitosan-based shell were produced as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin (DOX).
27612163	11	0	theme	type	1565:1568	arg1	presence					1548:1555	the relatively abundant presence	1524:1555	the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle	1524:1595	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	11	1	theme	collagen	1573:1580	arg1	type					1565:1568	this type	1560:1568	this type of collagen	1560:1580	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	3	2	theme	structures	452:461	arg1	composition					419:429	matrix composition	412:429	matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures	412:461	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	4	3	from	embedded	639:646	arg1	gels					662:665	3% agarose gels	651:665	3% agarose gels	651:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	5	4	theme	anatomical	700:709	arg1	structures					711:720	all three anatomical structures	690:720	all three anatomical structures of the TMJ	690:731	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	10	5	theme	condyle	1372:1378	arg1	content					1357:1363	The collagen type II content	1336:1363	The collagen type II content of the condyle	1336:1378	CONCLUSION The collagen type II content of the condyle clearly distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa.
27612163	8	6	theme	Aggrecan	1128:1135	arg1	expression					1142:1151	Aggrecan gene expression	1128:1151	Aggrecan gene expression	1128:1151	Aggrecan gene expression was lower in the disc compared to condyle and fossa cell-isolates.
27612163	4	7	theme	embedded	639:646	arg1	structure					629:637	each anatomical structure	613:637	each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels	613:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	10	8	dep	disc	1440:1443	arg1	the					1436:1438	the	1436:1438	the	1436:1438	CONCLUSION The collagen type II content of the condyle clearly distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa.
27612163	10	9	theme	type	1349:1352	arg1	content					1357:1363	The collagen type II content	1336:1363	The collagen type II content of the condyle	1336:1378	CONCLUSION The collagen type II content of the condyle clearly distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa.
27612163	11	10	attach	presence	1548:1555	arg1	condyle					1589:1595	the condyle	1585:1595	the condyle	1585:1595	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	11	10	attach	presence	1548:1555	arg2	type					1565:1568	this type	1560:1568	this type of collagen	1560:1580	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	4	11	theme	porcine	548:554	arg1	samples					556:562	juvenile porcine samples	539:562	juvenile porcine samples	539:562	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	10	12	theme	collagen	1340:1347	arg1	type					1349:1352	collagen type II	1340:1355	The collagen type II content of the condyle	1336:1378	CONCLUSION The collagen type II content of the condyle clearly distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa.
27612163	7	13	theme	gene	1067:1070	arg1	expression					1049:1058	expression	1049:1058	expression of its gene	1049:1070	The disc contained neither collagen type II protein nor expression of its gene, and the disc did not stain positive for proteoglycans.
27612163	2	14	theme	TMJ	262:264	arg1	inflammation					242:253	inflammation	242:253	inflammation of the TMJ	242:264	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	4	15	theme	agarose	654:660	arg1	gels					662:665	3% agarose gels	651:665	3% agarose gels	651:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	4	16	theme	%	652:652	arg1	gels					662:665	3% agarose gels	651:665	3% agarose gels	651:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	7	17	theme	collagen	1020:1027	arg1	type					1029:1032	collagen type II	1020:1035	collagen type II protein	1020:1043	The disc contained neither collagen type II protein nor expression of its gene, and the disc did not stain positive for proteoglycans.
27612163	4	18	theme	in	574:575	arg1	system					583:588	an in vitro system	571:588	an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels	571:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	2	19	theme	disc	331:334	arg1	destruction					275:285	destruction	275:285	destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc	275:334	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	0	20	theme	different	48:56	arg1	structures					72:81	Three different cartilaginous structures	42:81	Three different cartilaginous structures	42:81	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint: Three different cartilaginous structures?
27612163	7	21	theme	type	1029:1032	arg1	protein					1037:1043	collagen type II protein	1020:1043	collagen type II protein	1020:1043	The disc contained neither collagen type II protein nor expression of its gene, and the disc did not stain positive for proteoglycans.
27612163	11	22	theme	cartilaginous	1645:1657	arg1	structure					1659:1667	this cartilaginous structure	1640:1667	this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ	1640:1678	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	5	23	theme	collagen	743:750	arg1	type					752:755	collagen type I	743:757	collagen type I	743:757	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	4	24	theme	cells	593:597	arg1	system					583:588	an in vitro system	571:588	an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels	571:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	0	25	theme	porcine	9:15	arg1	joint					35:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint: Three different cartilaginous structures?
27612163	4	26	theme	structures	512:521	arg1	composition					483:493	The matrix composition	472:493	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures	464:521	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	1	27	theme	temporomandibular	98:114	arg1	joint					116:120	The temporomandibular joint	94:120	The temporomandibular joint (TMJ)	94:126	OBJECTIVE The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of three cartilaginous structures: the fossa, disc, and condyle.
27612163	1	27	theme	temporomandibular	98:114	arg1	TMJ					123:125	TMJ	123:125	TMJ	123:125	OBJECTIVE The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of three cartilaginous structures: the fossa, disc, and condyle.
27612163	3	28	theme	inflammation	364:375	arg1	related					386:392	related	386:392	related	386:392	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	3	28	theme	inflammation	364:375	arg1	effect					354:359	Such a different effect	337:359	Such a different effect of inflammation	337:375	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	0	29	theme	Juvenile	0:7	arg1	joint					35:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint: Three different cartilaginous structures?
27612163	4	30	theme	TMJ	508:510	arg1	structures					512:521	the three TMJ structures	498:521	the three TMJ structures	498:521	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	9	31	from	cell-isolates	1236:1248	arg1	vitro					1253:1257	vitro	1253:1257	vitro	1253:1257	In general, the cell-isolates in vitro closely mimicked the characteristic features found in the tissue.
27612163	8	32	dep	lower	1157:1161	arg1	compared					1175:1182	compared	1175:1182	compared to condyle and fossa cell-isolates	1175:1217	Aggrecan gene expression was lower in the disc compared to condyle and fossa cell-isolates.
27612163	4	33	dep	in	574:575	arg1	vitro					577:581	vitro	577:581	vitro	577:581	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	6	34	contain	contained	914:922	arg2	type					951:954	collagen type II	942:957	collagen type II	942:957	The condyle and the fossa stained positive for collagen type II and proteoglycans, but the condyle contained considerably more collagen type II and proteoglycans than the fossa.
27612163	6	34	contain	contained	914:922	arg1	condyle					906:912	the condyle	902:912	the condyle	902:912	The condyle and the fossa stained positive for collagen type II and proteoglycans, but the condyle contained considerably more collagen type II and proteoglycans than the fossa.
27612163	6	34	contain	contained	914:922	arg2	proteoglycans					963:975	proteoglycans	963:975	proteoglycans	963:975	The condyle and the fossa stained positive for collagen type II and proteoglycans, but the condyle contained considerably more collagen type II and proteoglycans than the fossa.
27612163	9	35	located	found	1304:1308	arg2	features					1295:1302	the characteristic features	1276:1302	the characteristic features found in the tissue	1276:1322	In general, the cell-isolates in vitro closely mimicked the characteristic features found in the tissue.
27612163	9	35	located	found	1304:1308	arg1	tissue					1317:1322	the tissue	1313:1322	the tissue	1313:1322	In general, the cell-isolates in vitro closely mimicked the characteristic features found in the tissue.
27612163	0	36	theme	temporomandibular	17:33	arg1	joint					35:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint: Three different cartilaginous structures?
27612163	11	37	theme	JIA	1695:1697	arg1	patients					1699:1706	JIA patients	1695:1706	JIA patients	1695:1706	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	10	38	theme	cartilaginous	1407:1419	arg1	structure					1421:1429	this cartilaginous structure	1402:1429	this cartilaginous structure	1402:1429	CONCLUSION The collagen type II content of the condyle clearly distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa.
27612163	11	39	theme	TMJ	1676:1678	arg1	structure					1659:1667	this cartilaginous structure	1640:1667	this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ	1640:1678	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	0	40	dep	structures	72:81	arg1	joint					35:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint	0:39	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint: Three different cartilaginous structures?
27612163	3	41	theme	matrix	412:417	arg1	composition					419:429	matrix composition	412:429	matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures	412:461	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	5	42	theme	structures	711:720	arg1	matrix					680:685	The matrix	676:685	The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ	676:731	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	4	43	theme	3	651:651	arg1	%					652:652	%	652:652	%	652:652	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	4	44	attach	isolated	599:606	arg2	cells					593:597	cells	593:597	cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels	593:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	4	44	attach	isolated	599:606	arg1	structure					629:637	each anatomical structure	613:637	each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels	613:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	5	45	theme	gene	767:770	arg1	expression					772:781	its gene expression	763:781	its gene expression	763:781	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	6	46	theme	collagen	942:949	arg1	type					951:954	collagen type II	942:957	collagen type II	942:957	The condyle and the fossa stained positive for collagen type II and proteoglycans, but the condyle contained considerably more collagen type II and proteoglycans than the fossa.
27612163	8	47	theme	fossa	1199:1203	arg1	cell-isolates					1205:1217	fossa cell-isolates	1199:1217	fossa cell-isolates	1199:1217	Aggrecan gene expression was lower in the disc compared to condyle and fossa cell-isolates.
27612163	0	48	theme	cartilaginous	58:70	arg1	structures					72:81	Three different cartilaginous structures	42:81	Three different cartilaginous structures	42:81	Juvenile porcine temporomandibular joint: Three different cartilaginous structures?
27612163	4	49	theme	matrix	476:481	arg1	composition					483:493	The matrix composition	472:493	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures	464:521	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	5	50	theme	TMJ	729:731	arg1	structures					711:720	all three anatomical structures	690:720	all three anatomical structures of the TMJ	690:731	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	5	51	contain	contained	733:741	arg1	matrix					680:685	The matrix	676:685	The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ	676:731	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	5	51	contain	contained	733:741	arg2	type					752:755	collagen type I	743:757	collagen type I	743:757	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	2	52	theme	idiopathic	214:223	arg1	arthritis					225:233	juvenile idiopathic arthritis	205:233	juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)	205:239	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	2	52	theme	idiopathic	214:223	arg1	JIA					236:238	JIA	236:238	JIA	236:238	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	3	53	from	differences	397:407	arg1	composition					419:429	matrix composition	412:429	matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures	412:461	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	1	54	dep	OBJECTIVE	84:92	arg1	consists					128:135	consists	128:135	consists of three cartilaginous structures	128:169	OBJECTIVE The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of three cartilaginous structures: the fossa, disc, and condyle.
27612163	3	55	theme	different	344:352	arg1	related					386:392	related	386:392	related	386:392	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	3	55	theme	different	344:352	arg1	effect					354:359	Such a different effect	337:359	Such a different effect of inflammation	337:375	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	6	56	theme	collagen	862:869	arg1	type					871:874	collagen type II	862:877	collagen type II	862:877	The condyle and the fossa stained positive for collagen type II and proteoglycans, but the condyle contained considerably more collagen type II and proteoglycans than the fossa.
27612163	2	57	theme	juvenile	205:212	arg1	arthritis					225:233	juvenile idiopathic arthritis	205:233	juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)	205:239	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	2	57	theme	juvenile	205:212	arg1	JIA					236:238	JIA	236:238	JIA	236:238	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	3	58	theme	cartilaginous	438:450	arg1	structures					452:461	the cartilaginous structures	434:461	the cartilaginous structures	434:461	Such a different effect of inflammation might be related to differences in matrix composition of the cartilaginous structures.
27612163	4	59	from	gels	662:665	arg1	embedded					639:646	embedded	639:646	embedded	639:646	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	9	60	theme	characteristic	1280:1293	arg1	features					1295:1302	the characteristic features	1276:1302	the characteristic features found in the tissue	1276:1322	In general, the cell-isolates in vitro closely mimicked the characteristic features found in the tissue.
27612163	11	61	from	presence	1548:1555	arg1	condyle					1589:1595	the condyle	1585:1595	the condyle	1585:1595	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	4	62	theme	anatomical	618:627	arg1	structure					629:637	each anatomical structure	613:637	each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels	613:665	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	7	63	contain	contained	1002:1010	arg2	expression					1049:1058	expression	1049:1058	expression of its gene	1049:1070	The disc contained neither collagen type II protein nor expression of its gene, and the disc did not stain positive for proteoglycans.
27612163	7	63	contain	contained	1002:1010	arg2	protein					1037:1043	collagen type II protein	1020:1043	collagen type II protein	1020:1043	The disc contained neither collagen type II protein nor expression of its gene, and the disc did not stain positive for proteoglycans.
27612163	7	63	contain	contained	1002:1010	arg1	disc					997:1000	The disc	993:1000	The disc	993:1000	The disc contained neither collagen type II protein nor expression of its gene, and the disc did not stain positive for proteoglycans.
27612163	5	64	dep	RESULTS	668:674	arg1	maintained					787:796	maintained	787:796	was maintained after isolation	783:812	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	5	64	dep	RESULTS	668:674	arg1	contained					733:741	contained	733:741	contained collagen type I	733:757	RESULTS The matrix of all three anatomical structures of the TMJ contained collagen type I and its gene expression was maintained after isolation.
27612163	2	65	theme	condyle	294:300	arg1	destruction					275:285	destruction	275:285	destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc	275:334	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	11	66	theme	abundant	1539:1546	arg1	presence					1548:1555	the relatively abundant presence	1524:1555	the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle	1524:1595	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	1	67	theme	cartilaginous	146:158	arg1	structures					160:169	three cartilaginous structures	140:169	three cartilaginous structures	140:169	OBJECTIVE The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) consists of three cartilaginous structures: the fossa, disc, and condyle.
27612163	10	68	dep	CONCLUSION	1325:1334	arg1	distinguished					1388:1400	distinguished	1388:1400	distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa	1388:1453	CONCLUSION The collagen type II content of the condyle clearly distinguished this cartilaginous structure from the disc and fossa.
27612163	4	69	theme	juvenile	539:546	arg1	samples					556:562	juvenile porcine samples	539:562	juvenile porcine samples	539:562	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
27612163	8	70	theme	gene	1137:1140	arg1	expression					1142:1151	Aggrecan gene expression	1128:1151	Aggrecan gene expression	1128:1151	Aggrecan gene expression was lower in the disc compared to condyle and fossa cell-isolates.
27612163	11	71	theme	collagen	1483:1490	arg1	type					1492:1495	collagen type II	1483:1498	collagen type II	1483:1498	Since autoimmunity against collagen type II is associated with JIA, the relatively abundant presence of this type of collagen in the condyle might provide an explanation why primarily this cartilaginous structure of the TMJ is affected in JIA patients.
27612163	2	72	theme	fossa	318:322	arg1	destruction					275:285	destruction	275:285	destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc	275:334	In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), inflammation of the TMJ leads to destruction of the condyle, but not of the fossa or the disc.
27612163	4	73	dep	METHODS	464:470	arg1	composition					483:493	The matrix composition	472:493	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures	464:521	METHODS The matrix composition of the three TMJ structures was analyzed in juvenile porcine samples and in an in vitro system of cells isolated from each anatomical structure embedded in 3% agarose gels.
25315370	6	0	theme	total	803:807	arg1	content					816:822	milk total solids content	798:822	milk total solids content	798:822	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	3	1	from	%	578:578	arg1	diet					587:590	the diet	583:590	the diet	583:590	The experimental treatments comprised four starch levels: 15, 20, 25, and 30% in the diet.
25315370	9	2	theme	starch	1260:1265	arg1	levels					1267:1272	starch levels	1260:1272	starch levels	1260:1272	Although the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk was not affected by starch, the milk NEL output daily responded quadratically to starch levels.
25315370	8	3	theme	net	1040:1042	arg1	intake					1071:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	1	4	theme	milk	226:229	arg1	yield					231:235	milk yield	226:235	milk yield	226:235	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	8	5	theme	for	1051:1053	arg1	intake					1071:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	6	6	theme	protein	778:784	arg1	content					786:792	The milk protein content	769:792	The milk protein content	769:792	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	8	7	theme	starch	1104:1109	arg1	level					1111:1115	the starch level	1100:1115	the starch level	1100:1115	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	11	8	theme	starch	1499:1504	arg1	levels					1506:1511	increasing starch levels	1488:1511	increasing starch levels	1488:1511	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	5	9	theme	fat-corrected	689:701	arg1	yield					708:712	3.5% fat-corrected milk yield	684:712	3.5% fat-corrected milk yield	684:712	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	5	10	theme	starch	754:759	arg1	levels					761:766	increasing starch levels	743:766	increasing starch levels	743:766	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	7	11	theme	plasma	961:966	arg1	concentration					976:988	plasma glucose concentration	961:988	plasma glucose concentration	961:988	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	11	12	theme	energy	1392:1397	arg1	use					1399:1401	energy use	1392:1401	energy use for milk yield	1392:1416	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	1	13	theme	levels	162:167	arg1	effects					144:150	the effects	140:150	the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows	140:297	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	5	14	theme	quadratic	721:729	arg1	response					731:738	quadratic response	721:738	quadratic response to increasing starch levels	721:766	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	6	15	theme	increasing	846:855	arg1	levels					864:869	increasing starch levels	846:869	increasing starch levels	846:869	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	7	16	theme	urea	942:945	arg1	nitrogen					947:954	plasma urea nitrogen	935:954	plasma urea nitrogen	935:954	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	10	17	from	NEL	1292:1294	arg1	gain					1311:1314	body weight gain	1299:1314	body weight gain	1299:1314	In addition, the NEL in body weight gain also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	4	18	theme	dry	597:599	arg1	intake					608:613	The dry matter intake	593:613	The dry matter intake	593:613	The dry matter intake increased linearly with increasing starch levels.
25315370	7	19	theme	milk	893:896	arg1	content					906:912	milk lactose content	893:912	milk lactose content	893:912	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	7	20	theme	urea	920:923	arg1	nitrogen					925:932	milk urea nitrogen	915:932	milk urea nitrogen	915:932	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	1	21	theme	experiment	113:122	arg1	objective					95:103	The objective	91:103	The objective of this experiment	91:122	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	7	22	theme	lactose	898:904	arg1	content					906:912	milk lactose content	893:912	milk lactose content	893:912	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	0	23	theme	energy	51:56	arg1	balance					58:64	energy balance	51:64	energy balance	51:64	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	9	24	theme	milk	1142:1145	arg1	output					1151:1156	the milk NEL output	1138:1156	the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk	1138:1177	Although the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk was not affected by starch, the milk NEL output daily responded quadratically to starch levels.
25315370	1	25	from	effects	144:150	arg1	diets					172:176	diets	172:176	diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn	172:221	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	25	from	effects	144:150	arg1	yield					231:235	milk yield	226:235	milk yield	226:235	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	25	from	effects	144:150	arg1	composition					243:253	milk composition	238:253	milk composition	238:253	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	25	from	effects	144:150	arg1	balance					267:273	energy balance	260:273	energy balance	260:273	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	12	26	theme	mid-lactating	1524:1536	arg1	cows					1544:1547	mid-lactating dairy cows	1524:1547	mid-lactating dairy cows	1524:1547	Diets for mid-lactating dairy cows producing around 30 kg/day of milk should be formulated to provide around 25% starch to optimize performance.
25315370	1	27	theme	dairy	288:292	arg1	cows					294:297	lactating dairy cows	278:297	lactating dairy cows	278:297	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	28	theme	dairy	79:83	arg1	cows					85:88	lactating dairy cows	69:88	lactating dairy cows	69:88	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	10	29	theme	weight	1304:1309	arg1	gain					1311:1314	body weight gain	1299:1314	body weight gain	1299:1314	In addition, the NEL in body weight gain also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	9	30	theme	milk	1174:1177	arg1	kilogram					1162:1169	kilogram	1162:1169	kilogram of milk	1162:1177	Although the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk was not affected by starch, the milk NEL output daily responded quadratically to starch levels.
25315370	0	31	theme	milk	30:33	arg1	composition					35:45	milk composition	30:45	milk composition	30:45	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	32	theme	Starch	0:5	arg1	levels					7:12	Starch levels	0:12	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows	0:88	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	33	theme	milk	238:241	arg1	composition					243:253	milk composition	238:253	milk composition	238:253	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	2	34	theme	4 × 4	358:362	arg1	squares					370:376	seven 4 × 4 Latin squares	352:376	seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently	352:399	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	1	35	with	diets	172:176	arg1	replacement					187:197	the replacement	183:197	the replacement of citrus pulp for corn	183:221	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	2	36	theme	experimental	411:422	arg1	period					424:429	each experimental period	406:429	each experimental period	406:429	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	11	37	theme	NEL	1426:1428	arg1	efficiency					1430:1439	the NEL efficiency	1422:1439	the NEL efficiency for production	1422:1454	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	5	38	theme	3.5	684:686	arg1	%					687:687	%	687:687	%	687:687	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	9	39	theme	milk	1211:1214	arg1	output					1220:1225	the milk NEL output	1207:1225	the milk NEL output	1207:1225	Although the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk was not affected by starch, the milk NEL output daily responded quadratically to starch levels.
25315370	10	40	theme	increasing	1348:1357	arg1	levels					1366:1371	increasing starch levels	1348:1371	increasing starch levels	1348:1371	In addition, the NEL in body weight gain also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	2	41	dep	days	447:450	arg1	days					482:485	4 days	480:485	4 days for sampling	480:498	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	2	41	dep	days	447:450	arg1	days					456:459	16 days	453:459	16 days for adaptation	453:474	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	12	42	theme	%	1625:1625	arg1	starch					1627:1632	25% starch	1623:1632	25% starch	1623:1632	Diets for mid-lactating dairy cows producing around 30 kg/day of milk should be formulated to provide around 25% starch to optimize performance.
25315370	2	43	theme	Holstein	325:332	arg1	cows					334:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	1	44	theme	citrus	202:207	arg1	pulp					209:212	citrus pulp	202:212	citrus pulp	202:212	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	6	45	theme	solids	809:814	arg1	content					816:822	milk total solids content	798:822	milk total solids content	798:822	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	11	46	theme	increasing	1488:1497	arg1	levels					1506:1511	increasing starch levels	1488:1511	increasing starch levels	1488:1511	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	2	47	theme	Twenty-eight	300:311	arg1	cows					334:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	9	48	theme	NEL	1147:1149	arg1	output					1151:1156	the milk NEL output	1138:1156	the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk	1138:1177	Although the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk was not affected by starch, the milk NEL output daily responded quadratically to starch levels.
25315370	6	49	theme	milk	798:801	arg1	content					816:822	milk total solids content	798:822	milk total solids content	798:822	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	8	50	theme	estimated	1030:1038	arg1	intake					1071:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	7	51	theme	glucose	968:974	arg1	concentration					976:988	plasma glucose concentration	961:988	plasma glucose concentration	961:988	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	5	52	theme	increasing	743:752	arg1	levels					761:766	increasing starch levels	743:766	increasing starch levels	743:766	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	8	53	theme	energy	1044:1049	arg1	intake					1071:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	6	54	theme	milk	773:776	arg1	content					786:792	The milk protein content	769:792	The milk protein content	769:792	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	12	55	theme	milk	1579:1582	arg1	kg/day					1569:1574	30 kg/day	1566:1574	30 kg/day of milk	1566:1582	Diets for mid-lactating dairy cows producing around 30 kg/day of milk should be formulated to provide around 25% starch to optimize performance.
25315370	1	56	theme	energy	260:265	arg1	balance					267:273	energy balance	260:273	energy balance	260:273	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	11	57	theme	milk	1407:1410	arg1	yield					1412:1416	milk yield	1407:1416	milk yield	1407:1416	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	1	58	theme	starch	155:160	arg1	levels					162:167	starch levels	155:167	starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn	155:221	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	8	59	theme	lactation	1055:1063	arg1	intake					1071:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	11	60	theme	use	1399:1401	arg1	efficiency					1378:1387	The efficiency	1374:1387	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield	1374:1416	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	11	60	theme	use	1399:1401	arg1	efficiency					1430:1439	the NEL efficiency	1422:1439	the NEL efficiency for production	1422:1454	The efficiency of energy use for milk yield and the NEL efficiency for production also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	8	61	theme	NEL	1066:1068	arg1	intake					1071:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake	1026:1076	The estimated net energy for lactation (NEL) intake increased linearly as the starch level was raised.
25315370	6	62	theme	starch	857:862	arg1	levels					864:869	increasing starch levels	846:869	increasing starch levels	846:869	The milk protein content and milk total solids content responded linearly to increasing starch levels.
25315370	7	63	theme	plasma	935:940	arg1	nitrogen					947:954	plasma urea nitrogen	935:954	plasma urea nitrogen	935:954	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	3	64	theme	experimental	506:517	arg1	treatments					519:528	The experimental treatments	502:528	The experimental treatments	502:528	The experimental treatments comprised four starch levels: 15, 20, 25, and 30% in the diet.
25315370	7	65	theme	milk	915:918	arg1	nitrogen					925:932	milk urea nitrogen	915:932	milk urea nitrogen	915:932	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	1	66	from	diets	172:176	arg1	effects					144:150	the effects	140:150	the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows	140:297	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	4	67	theme	matter	601:606	arg1	intake					608:613	The dry matter intake	593:613	The dry matter intake	593:613	The dry matter intake increased linearly with increasing starch levels.
25315370	3	68	theme	starch	545:550	arg1	levels					552:557	four starch levels	540:557	four starch levels	540:557	The experimental treatments comprised four starch levels: 15, 20, 25, and 30% in the diet.
25315370	1	69	from	levels	162:167	arg1	diets					172:176	diets	172:176	diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn	172:221	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	2	70	used	used	344:347	arg2	cows					334:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	0	71	theme	lactating	69:77	arg1	cows					85:88	lactating dairy cows	69:88	lactating dairy cows	69:88	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	72	theme	lactating	278:286	arg1	cows					294:297	lactating dairy cows	278:297	lactating dairy cows	278:297	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	7	73	theme	feed	876:879	arg1	efficiency					881:890	The feed efficiency	872:890	The feed efficiency	872:890	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	0	74	from	levels	7:12	arg1	performance					17:27	performance	17:27	performance	17:27	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	74	from	levels	7:12	arg1	composition					35:45	milk composition	30:45	milk composition	30:45	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	74	from	levels	7:12	arg1	balance					58:64	energy balance	51:64	energy balance	51:64	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	75	theme	cows	85:88	arg1	performance					17:27	performance	17:27	performance	17:27	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	75	theme	cows	85:88	arg1	composition					35:45	milk composition	30:45	milk composition	30:45	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	0	75	theme	cows	85:88	arg1	balance					58:64	energy balance	51:64	energy balance	51:64	Starch levels on performance, milk composition and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	76	theme	cows	294:297	arg1	yield					231:235	milk yield	226:235	milk yield	226:235	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	76	theme	cows	294:297	arg1	composition					243:253	milk composition	238:253	milk composition	238:253	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	1	76	theme	cows	294:297	arg1	balance					267:273	energy balance	260:273	energy balance	260:273	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
25315370	12	77	theme	dairy	1538:1542	arg1	cows					1544:1547	mid-lactating dairy cows	1524:1547	mid-lactating dairy cows	1524:1547	Diets for mid-lactating dairy cows producing around 30 kg/day of milk should be formulated to provide around 25% starch to optimize performance.
25315370	4	78	theme	starch	650:655	arg1	levels					657:662	starch levels	650:662	starch levels	650:662	The dry matter intake increased linearly with increasing starch levels.
25315370	10	79	theme	body	1299:1302	arg1	gain					1311:1314	body weight gain	1299:1314	body weight gain	1299:1314	In addition, the NEL in body weight gain also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	5	80	theme	%	687:687	arg1	yield					708:712	3.5% fat-corrected milk yield	684:712	3.5% fat-corrected milk yield	684:712	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	5	81	theme	milk	703:706	arg1	yield					708:712	3.5% fat-corrected milk yield	684:712	3.5% fat-corrected milk yield	684:712	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	2	82	theme	Latin	364:368	arg1	squares					370:376	seven 4 × 4 Latin squares	352:376	seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently	352:399	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	5	83	theme	milk	669:672	arg1	yield					674:678	The milk yield	665:678	The milk yield	665:678	The milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield showed quadratic response to increasing starch levels.
25315370	7	84	theme	starch	1011:1016	arg1	levels					1018:1023	starch levels	1011:1023	starch levels	1011:1023	The feed efficiency, milk lactose content, milk urea nitrogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and plasma glucose concentration were not affected by starch levels.
25315370	10	85	theme	starch	1359:1364	arg1	levels					1366:1371	increasing starch levels	1348:1371	increasing starch levels	1348:1371	In addition, the NEL in body weight gain also responded quadratically to increasing starch levels.
25315370	9	86	theme	NEL	1216:1218	arg1	output					1220:1225	the milk NEL output	1207:1225	the milk NEL output	1207:1225	Although the milk NEL output per kilogram of milk was not affected by starch, the milk NEL output daily responded quadratically to starch levels.
25315370	12	87	theme	25	1623:1624	arg1	%					1625:1625	%	1625:1625	%	1625:1625	Diets for mid-lactating dairy cows producing around 30 kg/day of milk should be formulated to provide around 25% starch to optimize performance.
25315370	2	88	theme	multiparous	313:323	arg1	cows					334:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows	300:337	Twenty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in seven 4 × 4 Latin squares conducted concurrently, and each experimental period consisted of 20 days (16 days for adaptation and 4 days for sampling).
25315370	1	89	theme	pulp	209:212	arg1	replacement					187:197	the replacement	183:197	the replacement of citrus pulp for corn	183:221	The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of starch levels in diets with the replacement of citrus pulp for corn on milk yield, milk composition, and energy balance of lactating dairy cows.
29039307	8	0	theme	lamella	1116:1122	arg1	regions					1098:1104	the pectin-rich regions	1082:1104	the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella	1082:1122	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	2	1	theme	novel	102:106	arg1	bacterium					131:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium	100:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T)	100:152	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	2	1	theme	novel	102:106	arg1	14T					149:151	strain 14T	142:151	strain 14T	142:151	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	7	2	from	apple	751:755	arg1	xylose					876:881	xylose	876:881	xylose	876:881	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	2	from	apple	751:755	arg1	constituents					806:817	constituents	806:817	constituents	806:817	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	2	from	apple	751:755	arg1	arabinose					888:896	arabinose	888:896	arabinose	888:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	2	from	apple	751:755	arg1	acid					870:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	2	from	apple	751:755	arg1	carbohydrates					783:795	carbohydrates	783:795	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	2	from	apple	751:755	arg1	pectins					725:731	fermented pectins	715:731	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	4	3	theme	%	464:464	arg1	similarity					475:484	89.7 % sequence similarity	459:484	89.7 % sequence similarity	459:484	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	3	theme	%	464:464	arg1	cellulolyticus					443:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus	431:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity)	431:485	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	4	theme	89.7 	459:463	arg1	%					464:464	%	464:464	%	464:464	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	7	5	theme	fermented	715:723	arg1	pectins					725:731	fermented pectins	715:731	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	8	6	theme	middle	1109:1114	arg1	lamella					1116:1122	middle lamella	1109:1122	middle lamella	1109:1122	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	9	7	theme	phenotypic	1142:1151	arg1	analysis					1153:1160	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis	1125:1160	analysis	1153:1160	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	4	8	theme	strain	416:421	arg1	14T					423:425	strain 14T	416:425	strain 14T	416:425	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	8	9	theme	fibrolytic	993:1002	arg1	activity					1004:1011	extracellular fibrolytic activity	979:1011	extracellular fibrolytic activity	979:1011	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	9	10	theme	novel	1211:1215	arg1	genus					1217:1221	a novel genus	1209:1221	a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae	1209:1251	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	9	10	theme	novel	1211:1215	arg1	differentiation					1176:1190	the differentiation	1172:1190	the differentiation of strain 14T	1172:1204	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	8	11	theme	plant	954:958	arg1	tissues					960:966	plant tissues	954:966	plant tissues	954:966	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	3	12	theme	Phylogenetic	186:197	arg1	analysis					199:206	Phylogenetic analysis	186:206	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences	186:239	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	5	13	theme	uncultured	573:582	arg1	bacteria					584:591	uncultured bacteria	573:591	uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	573:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	5	14	theme	%	510:510	arg1	similarity					521:530	~99 % sequence similarity	506:530	~99 % sequence similarity	506:530	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	3	15	theme	known	338:342	arg1	clusters					356:363	known clostridial clusters	338:363	known clostridial clusters within the taxon	338:380	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	2	16	theme	strain	142:147	arg1	bacterium					131:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium	100:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T)	100:152	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	2	16	theme	strain	142:147	arg1	14T					149:151	strain 14T	142:151	strain 14T	142:151	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	7	17	from	kiwifruit	762:770	arg1	xylose					876:881	xylose	876:881	xylose	876:881	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	17	from	kiwifruit	762:770	arg1	constituents					806:817	constituents	806:817	constituents	806:817	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	17	from	kiwifruit	762:770	arg1	arabinose					888:896	arabinose	888:896	arabinose	888:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	17	from	kiwifruit	762:770	arg1	acid					870:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	17	from	kiwifruit	762:770	arg1	carbohydrates					783:795	carbohydrates	783:795	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	17	from	kiwifruit	762:770	arg1	pectins					725:731	fermented pectins	715:731	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	4	18	theme	closest	387:393	arg1	relative					404:411	The closest cultured relative	383:411	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T	383:425	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	18	theme	closest	387:393	arg1	cellulolyticus					443:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus	431:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity)	431:485	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	6	19	from	0.6 µm	684:689	arg1	diameter					694:701	diameter	694:701	diameter	694:701	Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter.
29039307	7	20	theme	hemicellulose	834:846	arg1	constituents					806:817	constituents	806:817	constituents	806:817	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	20	theme	hemicellulose	834:846	arg1	xylose					876:881	xylose	876:881	xylose	876:881	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	20	theme	hemicellulose	834:846	arg1	arabinose					888:896	arabinose	888:896	arabinose	888:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	20	theme	hemicellulose	834:846	arg1	acid					870:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	20	theme	hemicellulose	834:846	arg1	carbohydrates					783:795	carbohydrates	783:795	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	6	21	theme	0.6 µm	684:689	arg1	cocci					664:668	Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci	632:668	Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter	632:701	Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter.
29039307	11	22	theme	31914T=DSM	1350:1359	arg1	104782T					1361:1367	JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T	1346:1367	JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T	1346:1367	nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
29039307	11	22	theme	31914T=DSM	1350:1359	arg1	14T					1341:1343	14T	1341:1343	14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T)	1341:1368	nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
29039307	8	23	dep	suggested	969:977	arg1	associated					1013:1022	associated	1013:1022	associated	1013:1022	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	3	24	theme	gene	226:229	arg1	sequences					231:239	16S rRNA gene sequences	217:239	16S rRNA gene sequences	217:239	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	1	25	theme	pectinolytic	49:60	arg1	bacterium					62:70	a pectinolytic bacterium	47:70	a pectinolytic bacterium	47:70	nov., a pectinolytic bacterium isolated from human faeces.
29039307	1	25	theme	pectinolytic	49:60	arg1	nov.					41:44	nov.	41:44	nov.	41:44	nov., a pectinolytic bacterium isolated from human faeces.
29039307	10	26	theme	Monoglobus	1263:1272	arg1	nov.					1294:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	4	27	theme	sequence	466:473	arg1	similarity					475:484	89.7 % sequence similarity	459:484	89.7 % sequence similarity	459:484	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	27	theme	sequence	466:473	arg1	cellulolyticus					443:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus	431:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity)	431:485	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	9	28	theme	strain	1195:1200	arg1	14T					1202:1204	strain 14T	1195:1204	strain 14T	1195:1204	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	5	29	theme	16S	544:546	arg1	sequences					558:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences	537:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	537:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	6	30	from	diameter	694:701	arg1	0.6 µm					684:689	0.6 µm	684:689	0.6 µm	684:689	Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter.
29039307	7	31	theme	pectins	822:828	arg1	constituents					806:817	constituents	806:817	constituents	806:817	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	31	theme	pectins	822:828	arg1	xylose					876:881	xylose	876:881	xylose	876:881	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	31	theme	pectins	822:828	arg1	arabinose					888:896	arabinose	888:896	arabinose	888:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	31	theme	pectins	822:828	arg1	acid					870:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	31	theme	pectins	822:828	arg1	carbohydrates					783:795	carbohydrates	783:795	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	0	32	theme	pectinilyticus	11:24	arg1	nov.					31:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	2	33	theme	pectinolytic	118:129	arg1	bacterium					131:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium	100:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T)	100:152	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	2	33	theme	pectinolytic	118:129	arg1	14T					149:151	strain 14T	142:151	strain 14T	142:151	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	3	34	theme	16S	217:219	arg1	sequences					231:239	16S rRNA gene sequences	217:239	16S rRNA gene sequences	217:239	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	5	35	theme	rRNA	548:551	arg1	sequences					558:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences	537:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	537:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	5	36	theme	Strain	488:493	arg1	14T					495:497	Strain 14T	488:497	Strain 14T	488:497	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	0	37	theme	Monoglobus	0:9	arg1	nov.					31:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	8	38	theme	degradation	1067:1077	arg1	zones					1058:1062	zones	1058:1062	zones of degradation	1058:1077	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	3	39	theme	rRNA	221:224	arg1	sequences					231:239	16S rRNA gene sequences	217:239	16S rRNA gene sequences	217:239	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	5	40	theme	gene	553:556	arg1	sequences					558:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences	537:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	537:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	8	41	theme	14T	920:922	arg1	images					903:908	TEM images	899:908	TEM images	899:908	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	8	42	theme	extracellular	979:991	arg1	activity					1004:1011	extracellular fibrolytic activity	979:1011	extracellular fibrolytic activity	979:1011	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	3	43	theme	clostridial	344:354	arg1	clusters					356:363	known clostridial clusters	338:363	known clostridial clusters within the taxon	338:380	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	9	44	theme	14T	1202:1204	arg1	genus					1217:1221	a novel genus	1209:1221	a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae	1209:1251	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	9	44	theme	14T	1202:1204	arg1	differentiation					1176:1190	the differentiation	1172:1190	the differentiation of strain 14T	1172:1204	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	3	45	theme	strain	255:260	arg1	14T					262:264	strain 14T	255:264	strain 14T	255:264	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	1	46	theme	human	86:90	arg1	faeces					92:97	human faeces	86:97	human faeces	86:97	nov., a pectinolytic bacterium isolated from human faeces.
29039307	0	47	theme	gen.	26:29	arg1	nov.					31:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	2	48	attach	isolated	158:165	arg2	14T					149:151	strain 14T	142:151	strain 14T	142:151	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	2	48	attach	isolated	158:165	arg2	bacterium					131:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium	100:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T)	100:152	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	2	48	attach	isolated	158:165	arg1	faeces					178:183	human faeces	172:183	human faeces	172:183	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	11	49	theme	type	1326:1329	arg1	14T					1341:1343	14T	1341:1343	14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T)	1341:1368	nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
29039307	11	49	theme	type	1326:1329	arg1	strain					1331:1336	the type strain	1322:1336	the type strain	1322:1336	nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
29039307	5	50	theme	human	610:614	arg1	gut					616:618	the human gut	606:618	the human gut	606:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	4	51	theme	14T	423:425	arg1	relative					404:411	The closest cultured relative	383:411	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T	383:425	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	51	theme	14T	423:425	arg1	cellulolyticus					443:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus	431:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity)	431:485	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	10	52	theme	gen.	1289:1292	arg1	nov.					1294:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	5	53	attach	derived	593:599	arg2	bacteria					584:591	uncultured bacteria	573:591	uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	573:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	5	53	attach	derived	593:599	arg1	gut					616:618	the human gut	606:618	the human gut	606:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	5	54	theme	sequence	512:519	arg1	similarity					521:530	~99 % sequence similarity	506:530	~99 % sequence similarity	506:530	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	9	55	from	genus	1217:1221	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					1237:1251	the family Ruminococcaceae	1226:1251	the family Ruminococcaceae	1226:1251	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	4	56	theme	Acetivibrio	431:441	arg1	relative					404:411	The closest cultured relative	383:411	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T	383:425	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	56	theme	Acetivibrio	431:441	arg1	similarity					475:484	89.7 % sequence similarity	459:484	89.7 % sequence similarity	459:484	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	56	theme	Acetivibrio	431:441	arg1	cellulolyticus					443:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus	431:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity)	431:485	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	0	57	dep	sp	37:38	arg1	nov.					31:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	0:34	Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	8	58	theme	pectin-rich	1086:1096	arg1	regions					1098:1104	the pectin-rich regions	1082:1104	the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella	1082:1122	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	3	59	theme	family	282:287	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					289:303	the family Ruminococcaceae	278:303	the family Ruminococcaceae	278:303	Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 14T belonged to the family Ruminococcaceae, but was located separately from known clostridial clusters within the taxon.
29039307	9	60	theme	family	1230:1235	arg1	Ruminococcaceae					1237:1251	the family Ruminococcaceae	1226:1251	the family Ruminococcaceae	1226:1251	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	10	61	dep	sp	1300:1301	arg1	nov.					1294:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	6	62	theme	Gram-stain-positive	632:650	arg1	cocci					664:668	Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci	632:668	Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter	632:701	Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter.
29039307	7	63	from	peel	745:748	arg1	xylose					876:881	xylose	876:881	xylose	876:881	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	63	from	peel	745:748	arg1	constituents					806:817	constituents	806:817	constituents	806:817	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	63	from	peel	745:748	arg1	arabinose					888:896	arabinose	888:896	arabinose	888:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	63	from	peel	745:748	arg1	acid					870:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	63	from	peel	745:748	arg1	carbohydrates					783:795	carbohydrates	783:795	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	63	from	peel	745:748	arg1	pectins					725:731	fermented pectins	715:731	fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose	715:896	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	4	64	theme	cultured	395:402	arg1	relative					404:411	The closest cultured relative	383:411	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T	383:425	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	4	64	theme	cultured	395:402	arg1	cellulolyticus					443:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus	431:456	Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity)	431:485	The closest cultured relative of strain 14T was Acetivibrio cellulolyticus (89.7 % sequence similarity).
29039307	10	65	theme	pectinilyticus	1274:1287	arg1	nov.					1294:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	5	66	theme	cloned	537:542	arg1	sequences					558:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences	537:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	537:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	6	67	dep	Gram-stain-positive	632:650	arg1	non-motile					653:662	non-motile	653:662	non-motile	653:662	Cells were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci approximately 0.6 µm in diameter.
29039307	8	68	theme	TEM	899:901	arg1	images					903:908	TEM images	899:908	TEM images	899:908	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	2	69	theme	human	172:176	arg1	faeces					178:183	human faeces	172:183	human faeces	172:183	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	11	70	theme	JCM	1346:1348	arg1	104782T					1361:1367	JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T	1346:1367	JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T	1346:1367	nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
29039307	11	70	theme	JCM	1346:1348	arg1	14T					1341:1343	14T	1341:1343	14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T)	1341:1368	nov. is proposed; the type strain is 14T (JCM 31914T=DSM 104782T).
29039307	8	71	theme	strain	913:918	arg1	14T					920:922	strain 14T	913:922	strain 14T	913:922	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	10	72	theme	name	1258:1261	arg1	nov.					1294:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov.	1254:1297	The name Monoglobus pectinilyticus gen. nov., sp.
29039307	8	73	theme	bacterial	1033:1041	arg1	cells					1043:1047	the bacterial cells	1029:1047	the bacterial cells	1029:1047	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	9	74	theme	Phylogenetic	1125:1136	arg1	analysis					1153:1160	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis	1125:1160	analysis	1153:1160	Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis supported the differentiation of strain 14T as a novel genus in the family Ruminococcaceae.
29039307	5	75	from	bacteria	584:591	arg1	sequences					558:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences	537:566	cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut	537:618	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	8	76	with	association	937:947	arg1	tissues					960:966	plant tissues	954:966	plant tissues	954:966	TEM images of strain 14T, cultured in association with plant tissues, suggested extracellular fibrolytic activity associated with the bacterial cells, forming zones of degradation in the pectin-rich regions of middle lamella.
29039307	2	77	theme	anaerobic	108:116	arg1	bacterium					131:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium	100:139	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T)	100:152	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	2	77	theme	anaerobic	108:116	arg1	14T					149:151	strain 14T	142:151	strain 14T	142:151	A novel anaerobic pectinolytic bacterium (strain 14T) was isolated from human faeces.
29039307	5	78	theme	~99 	506:509	arg1	%					510:510	%	510:510	%	510:510	Strain 14T shared ~99 % sequence similarity with cloned 16S rRNA gene sequences from uncultured bacteria derived from the human gut.
29039307	7	79	theme	galacturonic	857:868	arg1	acid					870:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	galacturonic acid	857:873	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
29039307	7	80	theme	citrus	738:743	arg1	peel					745:748	citrus peel	738:748	citrus peel	738:748	Strain 14T fermented pectins from citrus peel, apple, and kiwifruit as well as carbohydrates that are constituents of pectins and hemicellulose, such as galacturonic acid, xylose, and arabinose.
26949053	0	0	theme	straw	71:75	arg1	strategy					54:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy	15:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer	15:123	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	4	1	theme	non-detoxified	525:538	arg1	hydrolyzate					540:550	the non-detoxified hydrolyzate	521:550	the non-detoxified hydrolyzate	521:550	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	4	2	theme	ethanol	599:605	arg1	ethanol					599:605	ethanol	599:605	ethanol	599:605	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	4	2	theme	ethanol	599:605	arg1	%					594:594	1.48%	590:594	1.48% of ethanol	590:605	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	4	3	theme	fermentation	614:625	arg1	efficiency					627:636	a fermentation efficiency	612:636	a fermentation efficiency of 61.25%	612:646	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	3	4	used	used	455:458	arg2	devoid					372:377	devoid	372:377	devoid	372:377	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	3	4	used	used	455:458	arg2	hydrolyzate					357:367	The hydrolyzate	353:367	The hydrolyzate	353:367	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	1	5	theme	bioethanol	258:267	arg1	production					244:253	the production	240:253	the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)	240:307	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	0	6	theme	bioethanol	99:108	arg1	production					85:94	the production	81:94	the production of bioethanol and biopolymer	81:123	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	6	7	theme	combined	824:831	arg1	pretreatment					833:844	combined pretreatment	824:844	combined pretreatment	824:844	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	3	8	theme	major	382:386	arg1	inhibitors					401:410	major fermentation inhibitors	382:410	major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids	382:442	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	2	9	theme	reducing	318:325	arg1	yield					333:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield	310:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield	310:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield was 0.374g/g.
26949053	3	10	theme	organic	430:436	arg1	acids					438:442	furfural and organic acids	417:442	furfural and organic acids	417:442	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	3	11	theme	fermentation	388:399	arg1	inhibitors					401:410	major fermentation inhibitors	382:410	major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids	382:442	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	6	12	theme	left	809:812	arg1	Characterization					750:765	Characterization	750:765	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction	750:919	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	2	13	theme	Maximum	310:316	arg1	yield					333:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield	310:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield	310:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield was 0.374g/g.
26949053	6	14	dep	pretreatment	833:844	arg1	out					814:816	out	814:816	out	814:816	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	1	15	theme	combined	176:183	arg1	pretreatment					185:196	a combined pretreatment	174:196	a combined pretreatment	174:196	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	0	16	theme	combined	17:24	arg1	strategy					54:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy	15:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer	15:123	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	1	17	theme	biopolymer	273:282	arg1	production					244:253	the production	240:253	the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)	240:307	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	0	18	theme	biopolymer	114:123	arg1	production					85:94	the production	81:94	the production of bioethanol and biopolymer	81:123	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	1	19	theme	pretreatment	185:196	arg1	development					159:169	the development	155:169	the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)	155:307	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	7	20	contain	contains	989:996	arg2	hemicellulose					1009:1021	hemicellulose	1009:1021	hemicellulose	1009:1021	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	7	20	contain	contains	989:996	arg2	lignin					998:1003	lignin	998:1003	lignin	998:1003	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	7	20	contain	contains	989:996	arg1	residue					981:987	the residue	977:987	the residue	977:987	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	7	20	contain	contains	989:996	arg2	component					1036:1044	the major component	1026:1044	the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy	1026:1120	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	6	21	theme	X-ray	903:907	arg1	diffraction					909:919	X-ray diffraction	903:919	X-ray diffraction	903:919	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	3	22	theme	furfural	417:424	arg1	acids					438:442	furfural and organic acids	417:442	furfural and organic acids	417:442	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	1	23	theme	hydrolysis	202:211	arg1	strategy					213:220	hydrolysis strategy	202:220	hydrolysis strategy	202:220	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	0	24	theme	pretreatment	26:37	arg1	strategy					54:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy	15:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer	15:123	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	4	25	with	Fermentation	505:516	arg1	cerevisiae					571:580	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	557:580	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	557:580	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	4	26	theme	%	646:646	arg1	efficiency					627:636	a fermentation efficiency	612:636	a fermentation efficiency of 61.25%	612:646	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	1	27	theme	strategy	213:220	arg1	development					159:169	the development	155:169	the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)	155:307	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	0	28	theme	strategy	54:61	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.	0:124	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	4	29	theme	hydrolyzate	540:550	arg1	Fermentation					505:516	Fermentation	505:516	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae	505:580	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	6	30	theme	electron	879:886	arg1	microscopy					888:897	scanning electron microscopy	870:897	scanning electron microscopy	870:897	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	7	31	theme	cellulose	1079:1087	arg1	portion					1068:1074	major portion	1062:1074	major portion of cellulose	1062:1087	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	0	32	theme	hydrolysis	43:52	arg1	strategy					54:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy	15:61	a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer	15:123	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	5	33	theme	poly-3-hydroxybutyrate	689:710	arg1	poly-3-hydroxybutyrate					689:710	poly-3-hydroxybutyrate	689:710	poly-3-hydroxybutyrate	689:710	yielded 35.86% of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate without any nutrient supplementation.
26949053	5	33	theme	poly-3-hydroxybutyrate	689:710	arg1	%					684:684	35.86%	679:684	35.86% of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate	679:710	yielded 35.86% of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate without any nutrient supplementation.
26949053	6	34	theme	scanning	870:877	arg1	microscopy					888:897	scanning electron microscopy	870:897	scanning electron microscopy	870:897	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	7	35	theme	major	1062:1066	arg1	portion					1068:1074	major portion	1062:1074	major portion of cellulose	1062:1087	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	6	36	dep	native	770:775	arg1	control					778:784	control	778:784	control	778:784	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	4	37	theme	Saccharomyces	557:569	arg1	cerevisiae					571:580	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	557:580	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	557:580	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	7	38	theme	major	1030:1034	arg1	hemicellulose					1009:1021	hemicellulose	1009:1021	hemicellulose	1009:1021	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	7	38	theme	major	1030:1034	arg1	lignin					998:1003	lignin	998:1003	lignin	998:1003	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	7	38	theme	major	1030:1034	arg1	component					1036:1044	the major component	1026:1044	the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy	1026:1120	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	6	39	theme	RS	864:865	arg1	pretreatment					833:844	combined pretreatment	824:844	combined pretreatment	824:844	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	6	39	theme	RS	864:865	arg1	hydrolysis					850:859	hydrolysis	850:859	hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction	850:919	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
26949053	2	40	theme	sugar	327:331	arg1	yield					333:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield	310:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield	310:337	Maximum reducing sugar yield was 0.374g/g.
26949053	7	41	theme	Compositional	940:952	arg1	analysis					954:961	Compositional analysis	940:961	Compositional analysis	940:961	Compositional analysis revealed that the residue contains lignin and hemicellulose as the major component indicating that major portion of cellulose were hydrolyzed in this strategy.
26949053	1	42	theme	rice	225:228	arg1	straw					230:234	rice straw	225:234	rice straw	225:234	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	0	43	theme	rice	66:69	arg1	straw					71:75	rice straw	66:75	rice straw	66:75	Development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer.
26949053	4	44	theme	Comamonas	657:665	arg1	sp					667:668	Comamonas sp	657:668	Comamonas sp	657:668	Fermentation of the non-detoxified hydrolyzate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yielded 1.48% of ethanol with a fermentation efficiency of 61.25% and with Comamonas sp.
26949053	1	45	theme	present	130:136	arg1	study					138:142	The present study	126:142	The present study	126:142	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	1	46	theme	straw	230:234	arg1	pretreatment					185:196	a combined pretreatment	174:196	a combined pretreatment	174:196	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	1	46	theme	straw	230:234	arg1	strategy					213:220	hydrolysis strategy	202:220	hydrolysis strategy	202:220	The present study highlights the development of a combined pretreatment and hydrolysis strategy of rice straw for the production of bioethanol and biopolymer (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate).
26949053	3	47	theme	inhibitors	401:410	arg1	devoid					372:377	devoid	372:377	devoid	372:377	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	3	47	theme	inhibitors	401:410	arg1	hydrolyzate					357:367	The hydrolyzate	353:367	The hydrolyzate	353:367	The hydrolyzate is devoid of major fermentation inhibitors like furfural and organic acids and can be used for fermentation without any detoxification.
26949053	5	48	theme	nutrient	724:731	arg1	supplementation					733:747	any nutrient supplementation	720:747	any nutrient supplementation	720:747	yielded 35.86% of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate without any nutrient supplementation.
26949053	6	49	theme	native	770:775	arg1	Characterization					750:765	Characterization	750:765	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction	750:919	Characterization of native, control as well as the residue left out after combined pretreatment and hydrolysis of RS by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed difference.
27372004	2	0	theme	temperature	505:515	arg1	effects					426:432	effects	426:432	effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars	426:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	1	1	theme	palm	179:182	arg1	PKC					197:199	PKC	197:199	PKC	197:199	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	1	1	theme	palm	179:182	arg1	cake					191:194	palm kernel cake	179:194	palm kernel cake (PKC)	179:200	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	5	2	theme	Enzymatic	900:908	arg1	experiments					910:920	Enzymatic experiments	900:920	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions	900:942	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	2	3	theme	reaction	496:503	arg1	temperature					505:515	reaction temperature	496:515	reaction temperature	496:515	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	3	4	theme	total	703:707	arg1	sugar					709:713	total sugar	703:713	total sugar liberated (P<0.01)	703:732	The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01).
27372004	4	5	theme	mannanase	820:828	arg1	loading					830:836	mannanase loading	820:836	5% (w/w) mannanase loading	811:836	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	1	6	theme	kernel	184:189	arg1	PKC					197:199	PKC	197:199	PKC	197:199	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	1	6	theme	kernel	184:189	arg1	cake					191:194	palm kernel cake	179:194	palm kernel cake (PKC)	179:200	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	1	7	theme	mannan-derived	255:268	arg1	sugars					280:285	mannan-derived monomeric sugars	255:285	mannan-derived monomeric sugars	255:285	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	6	8	theme	hydrolysate	1093:1103	arg1	fermentation					1071:1082	ABE fermentation	1067:1082	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4	1067:1150	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
27372004	5	9	theme	optimum	925:931	arg1	conditions					933:942	optimum conditions	925:942	optimum conditions	925:942	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	6	10	theme	3.27±1.003g/L	1164:1176	arg1	biobutanol					1178:1187	3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol	1164:1187	3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol	1164:1187	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
27372004	1	11	theme	monomeric	270:278	arg1	sugars					280:285	mannan-derived monomeric sugars	255:285	mannan-derived monomeric sugars	255:285	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	4	12	dep	%	784:784	arg1	w/v					787:789	w/v	787:789	w/v	787:789	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	4	13	theme	hydrolysis	839:848	arg1	pH					850:851	hydrolysis pH 4.5	839:855	hydrolysis pH 4.5	839:855	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	0	14	link	mannan-derived	9:22	arg1	sugars					36:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars	9:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake	9:61	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	2	15	theme	hydrolysis	382:391	arg1	Efficiency					358:367	Efficiency	358:367	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC	358:398	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	1	16	theme	sugars	280:285	arg1	release					244:250	the release	240:250	the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	240:355	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	1	17	from	application	299:309	arg1	fermentation					344:355	acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	314:355	acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	314:355	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	1	18	link	mannan-derived	255:268	arg1	sugars					280:285	mannan-derived monomeric sugars	255:285	mannan-derived monomeric sugars	255:285	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	4	19	theme	%	784:784	arg1	conditions					747:756	The optimum conditions	735:756	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis	735:775	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	4	19	theme	%	784:784	arg1	concentration					796:808	20% (w/v) PKC concentration	782:808	20% (w/v) PKC concentration	782:808	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	1	20	theme	cake	191:194	arg1	composition					164:174	mannan composition	157:174	mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC)	157:200	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	0	21	theme	biobutanol	115:124	arg1	production					101:110	production	101:110	production of biobutanol	101:124	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	4	22	theme	PKC	792:794	arg1	conditions					747:756	The optimum conditions	735:756	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis	735:775	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	4	22	theme	PKC	792:794	arg1	concentration					796:808	20% (w/v) PKC concentration	782:808	20% (w/v) PKC concentration	782:808	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	4	23	theme	20	782:783	arg1	%					784:784	%	784:784	%	784:784	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	6	24	theme	sugar	1087:1091	arg1	hydrolysate					1093:1103	sugar hydrolysate	1087:1103	sugar hydrolysate	1087:1103	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
27372004	0	25	theme	mannan-derived	9:22	arg1	sugars					36:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars	9:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake	9:61	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	4	26	theme	72h	879:881	arg1	time					894:897	72h hydrolysis time	879:897	72h hydrolysis time	879:897	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	2	27	theme	hydrolysis	521:530	arg1	time					532:535	hydrolysis time	521:535	hydrolysis time	521:535	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	6	28	theme	ABE	1067:1069	arg1	fermentation					1071:1082	ABE fermentation	1067:1082	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4	1067:1150	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
27372004	2	29	theme	loading	466:472	arg1	effects					426:432	effects	426:432	effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars	426:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	4	30	theme	optimum	739:745	arg1	conditions					747:756	The optimum conditions	735:756	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis	735:775	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	4	30	theme	optimum	739:745	arg1	concentration					796:808	20% (w/v) PKC concentration	782:808	20% (w/v) PKC concentration	782:808	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	2	31	theme	mannanase	456:464	arg1	loading					466:472	mannanase loading	456:472	mannanase loading	456:472	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	1	32	theme	further	291:297	arg1	application					299:309	further application	291:309	further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	291:355	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	2	33	theme	one-way	579:585	arg1	analysis					587:594	one-way analysis	579:594	one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)	579:614	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	4	34	theme	PKC	762:764	arg1	hydrolysis					766:775	PKC hydrolysis	762:775	PKC hydrolysis	762:775	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	2	35	theme	concentration	441:453	arg1	effects					426:432	effects	426:432	effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars	426:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	0	36	theme	fermentable	24:34	arg1	sugars					36:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars	9:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake	9:61	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	3	37	dep	liberated	715:723	arg1	P<0.01					726:731	P<0.01	726:731	P<0.01	726:731	The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01).
27372004	2	38	theme	PKC	396:398	arg1	hydrolysis					382:391	enzymatic hydrolysis	372:391	enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC	372:398	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	4	39	theme	hydrolysis	883:892	arg1	time					894:897	72h hydrolysis time	879:897	72h hydrolysis time	879:897	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	2	40	theme	enzymatic	372:380	arg1	hydrolysis					382:391	enzymatic hydrolysis	372:391	enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC	372:398	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	2	41	theme	PKC	437:439	arg1	concentration					441:453	PKC concentration	437:453	PKC concentration	437:453	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	0	42	theme	palm	46:49	arg1	cake					58:61	palm kernel cake	46:61	palm kernel cake	46:61	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	4	43	dep	%	812:812	arg1	loading					830:836	mannanase loading	820:836	5% (w/w) mannanase loading	811:836	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	2	44	theme	sugars	566:571	arg1	production					540:549	production	540:549	production of fermentable sugars	540:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	3	45	contain	had	669:671	arg2	effects					692:698	highly significant effects	673:698	highly significant effects	673:698	The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01).
27372004	3	45	contain	had	669:671	arg1	factors					653:659	all factors	649:659	all factors studied	649:667	The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01).
27372004	2	46	theme	value	489:493	arg1	effects					426:432	effects	426:432	effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars	426:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	1	47	theme	acetone-butanol-ethanol	314:336	arg1	fermentation					344:355	acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	314:355	acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	314:355	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	2	48	theme	fermentable	554:564	arg1	sugars					566:571	fermentable sugars	554:571	fermentable sugars	554:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	2	49	theme	time	532:535	arg1	effects					426:432	effects	426:432	effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars	426:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	0	50	theme	cake	58:61	arg1	sugars					36:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars	9:41	mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake	9:61	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	6	51	dep	Clostridium	1108:1118	arg1	saccharoperbutylacetonicum					1120:1145	saccharoperbutylacetonicum	1120:1145	saccharoperbutylacetonicum	1120:1145	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
27372004	6	52	theme	Clostridium	1108:1118	arg1	N1-4					1147:1150	Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4	1108:1150	Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4	1108:1150	ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
27372004	1	53	theme	Catalytic	127:135	arg1	depolymerization					137:152	Catalytic depolymerization	127:152	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase	127:213	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	0	54	theme	kernel	51:56	arg1	cake					58:61	palm kernel cake	46:61	palm kernel cake	46:61	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	1	55	theme	ABE	339:341	arg1	fermentation					344:355	acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	314:355	acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation	314:355	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	2	56	theme	variance	599:606	arg1	analysis					587:594	one-way analysis	579:594	one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)	579:614	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	2	57	theme	hydrolysis	475:484	arg1	value					489:493	hydrolysis pH value	475:493	hydrolysis pH value	475:493	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	5	58	theme	67.47±2.51g/L	1019:1031	arg1	mannose					1033:1039	67.47±2.51g/L mannose	1019:1039	67.47±2.51g/L mannose	1019:1039	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	5	59	from	experiments	910:920	arg1	conditions					933:942	optimum conditions	925:942	optimum conditions	925:942	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	5	60	theme	fermentable	959:969	arg1	sugars					971:976	total fermentable sugars	953:976	total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L	953:993	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	4	61	theme	45°C	858:861	arg1	temperature					863:873	45°C temperature	858:873	45°C temperature	858:873	The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time.
27372004	5	62	theme	2.94±0.03g/L	1045:1056	arg1	glucose					1058:1064	2.94±0.03g/L glucose	1045:1064	2.94±0.03g/L glucose	1045:1064	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	1	63	theme	mannan	157:162	arg1	composition					164:174	mannan composition	157:174	mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC)	157:200	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	0	64	theme	mannanase-catalyzed	66:84	arg1	hydrolysis					86:95	mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis	66:95	mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol	66:124	Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol.
27372004	3	65	theme	significant	680:690	arg1	effects					692:698	highly significant effects	673:698	highly significant effects	673:698	The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01).
27372004	3	66	theme	ANOVA	621:625	arg1	results					627:633	The ANOVA results	617:633	The ANOVA results	617:633	The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01).
27372004	2	67	from	effects	426:432	arg1	production					540:549	production	540:549	production of fermentable sugars	540:571	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	1	68	theme	composition	164:174	arg1	depolymerization					137:152	Catalytic depolymerization	127:152	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase	127:213	Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation.
27372004	2	69	theme	pH	486:487	arg1	value					489:493	hydrolysis pH value	475:493	hydrolysis pH value	475:493	Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
27372004	5	70	theme	71.54±2.54g/L	981:993	arg1	sugars					971:976	total fermentable sugars	953:976	total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L	953:993	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
27372004	5	71	theme	total	953:957	arg1	sugars					971:976	total fermentable sugars	953:976	total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L	953:993	Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose.
28738658	3	0	theme	specific	640:647	arg1	area					657:660	the large specific surface area	630:660	the large specific surface area of GO	630:666	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	6	1	theme	immobilization	1064:1077	arg1	properties					1079:1088	The immobilization properties	1060:1088	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1060:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	11	2	theme	diseases	2010:2017	arg1	detection					1957:1965	thrombin detection	1948:1965	thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1948:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	10	3	theme	HM-CL	1717:1721	arg1	aptasensor					1723:1732	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1710:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	1	4	theme	@	482:482	arg1	@					488:488	CS@Fe3O4@	480:488	CS@Fe3O4@GO	480:490	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	3	5	theme	@	531:531	arg1	@					537:537	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	5	6	theme	CS	1038:1039	arg1	@					1046:1046	CS@Fe3O4@	1038:1046	CS@Fe3O4@	1038:1046	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	4	7	theme	transmission	762:773	arg1	TEM					796:798	TEM	796:798	TEM	796:798	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	4	7	theme	transmission	762:773	arg1	microscopy					784:793	transmission electron microscopy	762:793	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	762:799	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	11	8	theme	CS	1909:1910	arg1	@					1917:1917	the CS@Fe3O4@	1905:1917	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1905:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	3	9	theme	GO	665:666	arg1	surface					615:621	its surface	611:621	its surface of CS	611:627	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	9	theme	GO	665:666	arg1	area					657:660	the large specific surface area	630:660	the large specific surface area of GO	630:666	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	9	theme	GO	665:666	arg1	separation					681:690	the easy separation	672:690	the easy separation	672:690	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	11	10	from	detection	1957:1965	arg1	diagnosis					1985:1993	diagnosis	1985:1993	diagnosis	1985:1993	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	11	10	from	detection	1957:1965	arg1	monitoring					1970:1979	monitoring	1970:1979	monitoring	1970:1979	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	5	11	theme	CS	1018:1019	arg1	@					1026:1026	CS@Fe3O4@GO	1018:1028	CS@Fe3O4@GO	1018:1028	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	1	12	theme	ultrasensitive	202:215	arg1	aptasensor					240:249	an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor	199:249	an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor	199:249	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	7	13	theme	@	1350:1350	arg1	HM					1351:1352	@T-Apt@HM	1344:1352	@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1344:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	7	14	theme	CL	1454:1455	arg1	signal					1457:1462	CL signal	1454:1462	CL signal	1454:1462	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	10	15	theme	practical	1780:1788	arg1	samples					1796:1802	practical serum samples	1780:1802	practical serum samples	1780:1802	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	0	16	theme	modified	141:148	arg1	composite					174:182	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	6	17	theme	thermodynamics	1245:1258	arg1	curves					1208:1213	the curves	1204:1213	the curves of kinetics	1204:1225	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	6	17	theme	thermodynamics	1245:1258	arg1	curves					1235:1240	the curves	1231:1240	the curves of thermodynamics	1231:1258	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	7	18	theme	@	1344:1344	arg1	HM					1351:1352	@T-Apt@HM	1344:1352	@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1344:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	9	19	theme	relative	1642:1649	arg1	RSD					1671:1673	RSD	1671:1673	RSD	1671:1673	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	9	19	theme	relative	1642:1649	arg1	deviation					1660:1668	the relative standard deviation	1638:1668	the relative standard deviation (RSD)	1638:1674	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	9	19	theme	relative	1642:1649	arg1	%					1683:1683	3.2%	1680:1683	3.2%	1680:1683	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	0	20	theme	oxide	159:163	arg1	composite					174:182	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	1	21	theme	chitosan	427:434	arg1	composite					469:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	427:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO)	427:491	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	3	22	theme	good	563:566	arg1	biocompatibility					568:583	the good biocompatibility	559:583	the good biocompatibility	559:583	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	4	23	dep	@	740:740	arg1	GO					741:742	GO	741:742	GO	741:742	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	7	24	theme	@	1341:1341	arg1	surface					1322:1328	the surface	1318:1328	the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1318:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	4	25	theme	electron	811:818	arg1	microscope					820:829	scanning electron microscope	802:829	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	802:835	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	4	25	theme	electron	811:818	arg1	SEM					832:834	SEM	832:834	SEM	832:834	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	6	26	theme	@	1095:1095	arg1	@					1101:1101	CS@Fe3O4@	1093:1101	CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1093:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	27	theme	magnetic	445:452	arg1	composite					469:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	427:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO)	427:491	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	7	28	theme	@	1335:1335	arg1	@					1341:1341	CS@Fe3O4@	1333:1341	CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1333:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	10	29	dep	%	1833:1833	arg1	to					1835:1836	to	1835:1836	to	1835:1836	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	1	30	theme	graphene	460:467	arg1	composite					469:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	427:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO)	427:491	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	3	31	theme	charged	600:606	arg1	characteristics					692:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics	589:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4	589:715	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	8	32	theme	optimized	1471:1479	arg1	conditions					1484:1493	optimized CL conditions	1471:1493	optimized CL conditions	1471:1493	Under optimized CL conditions, thrombin could be measured with the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L.
28738658	2	33	theme	@	505:505	arg1	@					511:511	CS@Fe3O4@GO	503:513	CS@Fe3O4@GO	503:513	Firstly, CS@Fe3O4@GO was prepared.
28738658	6	34	theme	Fe3O4	1146:1150	arg1	@					1151:1151	CS@Fe3O4@	1143:1151	CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1143:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	3	35	dep	@	537:537	arg1	GO					538:539	GO	538:539	GO	538:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	4	36	theme	powder	882:887	arg1	XRD					902:904	XRD	902:904	XRD	902:904	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	4	36	theme	powder	882:887	arg1	diffraction					889:899	X-ray powder diffraction	876:899	X-ray powder diffraction (XRD)	876:905	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	5	37	dep	@	1026:1026	arg1	GO					1027:1028	GO	1027:1028	GO	1027:1028	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	5	38	theme	T-Apt	1050:1054	arg1	HM					1056:1057	@T-Apt@HM	1049:1057	@T-Apt@HM	1049:1057	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	0	39	theme	porphyrin	84:92	arg1	luminescence					105:116	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	79:116	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	79:116	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	10	40	theme	@	1701:1701	arg1	@					1707:1707	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	7	41	theme	recognition	1383:1393	arg1	ability					1395:1401	the strong specific recognition ability	1363:1401	the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1363:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	11	42	theme	satisfactory	1850:1861	arg1	results					1863:1869	Those satisfactory results	1844:1869	Those satisfactory results	1844:1869	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	10	43	theme	103	1838:1840	arg1	%					1833:1833	%	1833:1833	%	1833:1833	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	5	44	theme	iron	957:960	arg1	porphyrin					962:970	an iron porphyrin	954:970	an iron porphyrin	954:970	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	5	44	theme	iron	957:960	arg1	HM					950:951	HM	950:951	HM	950:951	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	7	45	theme	strong	1367:1372	arg1	ability					1395:1401	the strong specific recognition ability	1363:1401	the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1363:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	11	46	theme	@	1926:1926	arg1	aptasensor					1933:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1920:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1920:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	5	47	theme	@	1026:1026	arg1	surface					1007:1013	the surface	1003:1013	the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM	1003:1057	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	0	48	theme	iron	79:82	arg1	luminescence					105:116	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	79:116	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	79:116	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	1	49	theme	iron	296:299	arg1	porphyrin					301:309	iron porphyrin	296:309	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions	296:387	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	8	50	theme	linear	1532:1537	arg1	range					1553:1557	the linear concentration range	1528:1557	the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L	1528:1585	Under optimized CL conditions, thrombin could be measured with the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L.
28738658	11	51	theme	human	1998:2002	arg1	diseases					2010:2017	human blood diseases	1998:2017	human blood diseases	1998:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	0	52	theme	chemiluminescence	18:34	arg1	aptasensor					36:45	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor	0:45	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	0:116	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	5	53	theme	Fe3O4	1021:1025	arg1	@					1026:1026	CS@Fe3O4@GO	1018:1028	CS@Fe3O4@GO	1018:1028	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	1	54	theme	peroxide	341:348	arg1	luminescence					350:361	luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence	322:361	luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence	322:361	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	5	55	theme	thrombin	914:921	arg1	T-Apt					932:936	T-Apt	932:936	T-Apt	932:936	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	5	55	theme	thrombin	914:921	arg1	aptamer					923:929	thrombin aptamer	914:929	thrombin aptamer (T-Apt)	914:937	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	10	56	theme	@	1716:1716	arg1	aptasensor					1723:1732	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1710:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	3	57	theme	large	634:638	arg1	area					657:660	the large specific surface area	630:660	the large specific surface area of GO	630:666	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	4	58	theme	CS	732:733	arg1	@					740:740	CS@Fe3O4@GO	732:742	CS@Fe3O4@GO	732:742	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	10	59	used	used	1738:1741	arg2	@					1707:1707	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	5	60	theme	@	1040:1040	arg1	@					1046:1046	CS@Fe3O4@	1038:1046	CS@Fe3O4@	1038:1046	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	10	61	theme	@	1710:1710	arg1	aptasensor					1723:1732	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1710:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	11	62	theme	Fe3O4	1912:1916	arg1	@					1917:1917	the CS@Fe3O4@	1905:1917	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1905:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	4	63	theme	Fe3O4	735:739	arg1	@					740:740	CS@Fe3O4@GO	732:742	CS@Fe3O4@GO	732:742	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	6	64	theme	kinetics	1218:1225	arg1	curves					1208:1213	the curves	1204:1213	the curves of kinetics	1204:1225	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	6	64	theme	kinetics	1218:1225	arg1	curves					1235:1240	the curves	1231:1240	the curves of thermodynamics	1231:1258	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	11	65	theme	thrombin	1948:1955	arg1	detection					1957:1965	thrombin detection	1948:1965	thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1948:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	5	66	dep	hemin	943:947	arg1	porphyrin					962:970	an iron porphyrin	954:970	an iron porphyrin	954:970	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	5	66	dep	hemin	943:947	arg1	HM					950:951	HM	950:951	HM	950:951	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	6	67	theme	@	1145:1145	arg1	@					1151:1151	CS@Fe3O4@	1143:1151	CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1143:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	68	theme	thrombin	268:275	arg1	detection					277:285	thrombin detection	268:285	thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions	268:387	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	9	69	theme	detection	1592:1600	arg1	1.5×10-15mol/L					1612:1625	1.5×10-15mol/L	1612:1625	1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ)	1612:1630	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	9	69	theme	detection	1592:1600	arg1	limit					1602:1606	The detection limit	1588:1606	The detection limit	1588:1606	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	1	70	dep	composite	469:477	arg1	@					488:488	CS@Fe3O4@	480:488	CS@Fe3O4@GO	480:490	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	3	71	theme	surface	649:655	arg1	area					657:660	the large specific surface area	630:660	the large specific surface area of GO	630:666	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	8	72	theme	5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L	1562:1585	arg1	range					1553:1557	the linear concentration range	1528:1557	the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L	1528:1585	Under optimized CL conditions, thrombin could be measured with the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L.
28738658	1	73	theme	CS	480:481	arg1	@					488:488	CS@Fe3O4@	480:488	CS@Fe3O4@GO	480:490	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	3	74	theme	CS	529:530	arg1	@					537:537	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	75	theme	easy	676:679	arg1	separation					681:690	the easy separation	672:690	the easy separation	672:690	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	1	76	theme	Fe3O4	483:487	arg1	@					488:488	CS@Fe3O4@	480:488	CS@Fe3O4@GO	480:490	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	7	77	theme	signal	1457:1462	arg1	changes					1443:1449	the changes	1439:1449	the changes of CL signal	1439:1462	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	6	78	theme	CS	1143:1144	arg1	@					1151:1151	CS@Fe3O4@	1143:1151	CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1143:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	79	theme	GO	489:490	arg1	@					488:488	CS@Fe3O4@	480:488	CS@Fe3O4@GO	480:490	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	7	80	theme	T-Apt	1345:1349	arg1	HM					1351:1352	@T-Apt@HM	1344:1352	@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1344:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	4	81	theme	electron	775:782	arg1	TEM					796:798	TEM	796:798	TEM	796:798	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	4	81	theme	electron	775:782	arg1	microscopy					784:793	transmission electron microscopy	762:793	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	762:799	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	10	82	theme	serum	1790:1794	arg1	samples					1796:1802	practical serum samples	1780:1802	practical serum samples	1780:1802	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	3	83	theme	Fe3O4	711:715	arg1	advantages					545:554	advantages	545:554	advantages of the good biocompatibility	545:583	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	83	theme	Fe3O4	711:715	arg1	characteristics					692:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics	589:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4	589:715	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	0	84	theme	magnetic	150:157	arg1	oxide					159:163	magnetic oxide	150:163	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	3	85	theme	Fe3O4	532:536	arg1	@					537:537	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	1	86	theme	chemiluminescence	217:233	arg1	aptasensor					240:249	an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor	199:249	an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor	199:249	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	11	87	theme	@	1911:1911	arg1	@					1917:1917	the CS@Fe3O4@	1905:1917	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1905:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	11	88	theme	@	1917:1917	arg1	application					1890:1900	potential application	1880:1900	potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1880:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	4	89	dep	infrared	856:863	arg1	FTIR					866:869	FTIR	866:869	FTIR	866:869	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	1	90	theme	CL	236:237	arg1	aptasensor					240:249	an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor	199:249	an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor	199:249	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	6	91	dep	@	1101:1101	arg1	GO					1102:1103	GO	1102:1103	GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1102:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	7	92	theme	Fe3O4	1336:1340	arg1	@					1341:1341	CS@Fe3O4@	1333:1341	CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1333:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	10	93	dep	@	1707:1707	arg1	aptasensor					1723:1732	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1710:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	10	93	dep	@	1707:1707	arg1	GO					1708:1709	GO	1708:1709	GO	1708:1709	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	9	94	theme	standard	1651:1658	arg1	RSD					1671:1673	RSD	1671:1673	RSD	1671:1673	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	9	94	theme	standard	1651:1658	arg1	deviation					1660:1668	the relative standard deviation	1638:1668	the relative standard deviation (RSD)	1638:1674	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	9	94	theme	standard	1651:1658	arg1	%					1683:1683	3.2%	1680:1683	3.2%	1680:1683	The detection limit was 1.5×10-15mol/L (3δ) while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.2%.
28738658	6	95	theme	Fe3O4	1096:1100	arg1	@					1101:1101	CS@Fe3O4@	1093:1101	CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1093:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	96	theme	modified	436:443	arg1	composite					469:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	427:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO)	427:491	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	7	97	theme	CS	1333:1334	arg1	@					1341:1341	CS@Fe3O4@	1333:1341	CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1333:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	4	98	theme	scanning	802:809	arg1	microscope					820:829	scanning electron microscope	802:829	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	802:835	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	4	98	theme	scanning	802:809	arg1	SEM					832:834	SEM	832:834	SEM	832:834	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	6	99	theme	CS	1093:1094	arg1	@					1101:1101	CS@Fe3O4@	1093:1101	CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1093:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	100	theme	oxide	454:458	arg1	composite					469:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	427:477	chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO)	427:491	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	6	101	theme	@	1151:1151	arg1	properties					1129:1138	adsorption properties	1118:1138	adsorption properties	1118:1138	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	6	101	theme	@	1151:1151	arg1	T-Apt					1108:1112	T-Apt	1108:1112	T-Apt	1108:1112	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	3	102	theme	biocompatibility	568:583	arg1	advantages					545:554	advantages	545:554	advantages of the good biocompatibility	545:583	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	102	theme	biocompatibility	568:583	arg1	characteristics					692:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics	589:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4	589:715	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	11	103	theme	HM-CL	1927:1931	arg1	aptasensor					1933:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1920:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1920:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	2	104	theme	CS	503:504	arg1	@					511:511	CS@Fe3O4@GO	503:513	CS@Fe3O4@GO	503:513	Firstly, CS@Fe3O4@GO was prepared.
28738658	10	105	theme	95	1831:1832	arg1	%					1833:1833	%	1833:1833	%	1833:1833	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	5	106	theme	@	1049:1049	arg1	HM					1056:1057	@T-Apt@HM	1049:1057	@T-Apt@HM	1049:1057	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	0	107	theme	catalyzing	94:103	arg1	luminescence					105:116	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	79:116	iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	79:116	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	1	108	theme	alkaline	369:376	arg1	conditions					378:387	alkaline conditions	369:387	alkaline conditions	369:387	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	8	109	theme	CL	1481:1482	arg1	conditions					1484:1493	optimized CL conditions	1471:1493	optimized CL conditions	1471:1493	Under optimized CL conditions, thrombin could be measured with the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L.
28738658	4	110	theme	X-ray	876:880	arg1	XRD					902:904	XRD	902:904	XRD	902:904	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	4	110	theme	X-ray	876:880	arg1	diffraction					889:899	X-ray powder diffraction	876:899	X-ray powder diffraction (XRD)	876:905	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	5	111	theme	@	1055:1055	arg1	HM					1056:1057	@T-Apt@HM	1049:1057	@T-Apt@HM	1049:1057	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	10	112	theme	Fe3O4	1702:1706	arg1	@					1707:1707	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	4	113	dep	fourier	838:844	arg1	transform					846:854	transform	846:854	transform infrared (FTIR)	846:870	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	8	114	theme	concentration	1539:1551	arg1	range					1553:1557	the linear concentration range	1528:1557	the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L	1528:1585	Under optimized CL conditions, thrombin could be measured with the linear concentration range of 5.0×10-15-2.5×10-10mol/L.
28738658	11	115	theme	potential	1880:1888	arg1	application					1890:1900	potential application	1880:1900	potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1880:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	10	116	theme	CS	1699:1700	arg1	@					1707:1707	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	6	117	theme	adsorption	1118:1127	arg1	properties					1129:1138	adsorption properties	1118:1138	adsorption properties	1118:1138	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	118	theme	iron	394:397	arg1	porphyrin					399:407	iron porphyrin	394:407	iron porphyrin	394:407	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	11	119	theme	@	1920:1920	arg1	aptasensor					1933:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1920:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1920:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	2	120	theme	Fe3O4	506:510	arg1	@					511:511	CS@Fe3O4@GO	503:513	CS@Fe3O4@GO	503:513	Firstly, CS@Fe3O4@GO was prepared.
28738658	11	121	theme	blood	2004:2008	arg1	diseases					2010:2017	human blood diseases	1998:2017	human blood diseases	1998:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	0	122	theme	ultrasensitive	3:16	arg1	aptasensor					36:45	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor	0:45	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence	0:116	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	7	123	dep	@	1341:1341	arg1	GO					1342:1343	GO	1342:1343	GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1342:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	6	124	dep	@	1151:1151	arg1	GO					1152:1153	GO	1152:1153	GO@T-Apt to HM	1152:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	7	125	theme	specific	1374:1381	arg1	ability					1395:1401	the strong specific recognition ability	1363:1401	the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt	1363:1428	When thrombin existed in solutions, HM was desorbed from the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM owing to the strong specific recognition ability between thrombin and T-Apt, causing the changes of CL signal.
28738658	0	126	theme	graphene	165:172	arg1	composite					174:182	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	modified magnetic oxide graphene composite	141:182	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	5	127	theme	@	1020:1020	arg1	@					1026:1026	CS@Fe3O4@GO	1018:1028	CS@Fe3O4@GO	1018:1028	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	2	128	dep	@	511:511	arg1	GO					512:513	GO	512:513	GO	512:513	Firstly, CS@Fe3O4@GO was prepared.
28738658	3	129	contain	has	541:543	arg1	@					537:537	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO	529:539	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	129	contain	has	541:543	arg2	characteristics					692:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics	589:706	positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4	589:715	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	129	contain	has	541:543	arg2	advantages					545:554	advantages	545:554	advantages of the good biocompatibility	545:583	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	10	130	theme	thrombin	1768:1775	arg1	determination					1751:1763	the determination	1747:1763	the determination of thrombin	1747:1775	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	0	131	theme	thrombin	51:58	arg1	detection					60:68	thrombin detection	51:68	thrombin detection	51:68	An ultrasensitive chemiluminescence aptasensor for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminescence desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite.
28738658	1	132	theme	luminol	322:328	arg1	luminescence					350:361	luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence	322:361	luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence	322:361	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	6	133	theme	@	1154:1154	arg1	T-Apt					1155:1159	@T-Apt	1154:1159	@T-Apt	1154:1159	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	1	134	theme	hydrogen	332:339	arg1	peroxide					341:348	hydrogen peroxide	332:348	hydrogen peroxide	332:348	In this work, an ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) aptasensor was prepared for thrombin detection based on iron porphyrin catalyzing luminol - hydrogen peroxide luminescence under alkaline conditions, and iron porphyrin was desorbed from chitosan modified magnetic oxide graphene composite (CS@Fe3O4@GO).
28738658	6	135	theme	@	1101:1101	arg1	properties					1079:1088	The immobilization properties	1060:1088	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM	1060:1165	The immobilization properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO to T-Apt and adsorption properties of CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt to HM were sequentially researched through the curves of kinetics and the curves of thermodynamics.
28738658	10	136	theme	T-Apt	1711:1715	arg1	aptasensor					1723:1732	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1710:1732	the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1695:1732	Finally, the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor was used for the determination of thrombin in practical serum samples and recoveries ranged from 95% to 103%.
28738658	3	137	theme	CS	626:627	arg1	surface					615:621	its surface	611:621	its surface of CS	611:627	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	137	theme	CS	626:627	arg1	area					657:660	the large specific surface area	630:660	the large specific surface area of GO	630:666	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	3	137	theme	CS	626:627	arg1	separation					681:690	the easy separation	672:690	the easy separation	672:690	CS@Fe3O4@GO has advantages of the good biocompatibility and positively charged on its surface of CS, the large specific surface area of GO and the easy separation characteristics of Fe3O4.
28738658	5	138	theme	Fe3O4	1041:1045	arg1	@					1046:1046	CS@Fe3O4@	1038:1046	CS@Fe3O4@	1038:1046	Then, thrombin aptamer (T-Apt) and hemin (HM, an iron porphyrin) were sequentially modified on the surface of CS@Fe3O4@GO to form CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM.
28738658	11	139	theme	T-Apt	1921:1925	arg1	aptasensor					1933:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor	1920:1942	@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1920:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28738658	4	140	theme	@	734:734	arg1	@					740:740	CS@Fe3O4@GO	732:742	CS@Fe3O4@GO	732:742	GO, Fe3O4 and CS@Fe3O4@GO were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
28738658	11	141	dep	@	1917:1917	arg1	GO					1918:1919	GO	1918:1919	GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases	1918:2017	Those satisfactory results revealed potential application of the CS@Fe3O4@GO@T-Apt@HM-CL aptasensor for thrombin detection in monitoring and diagnosis of human blood diseases.
28917852	6	0	theme	DOX	1026:1028	arg1	KSA-NGs					1030:1036	DOX@KSA-NGs	1026:1036	DOX@KSA-NGs	1026:1036	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	6	1	theme	better	1044:1049	arg1	effect					1062:1067	a better anti-tumor effect	1042:1067	a better anti-tumor effect	1042:1067	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	2	2	theme	drug	408:411	arg1	capacity					421:428	drug loading capacity	408:428	drug loading capacity	408:428	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	0	3	theme	cancer	93:98	arg1	therapy					100:106	cancer therapy	93:106	cancer therapy	93:106	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite nanogels with enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy.
28917852	7	4	theme	bio-responsive	1122:1135	arg1	KSA-NGs					1137:1143	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs	1116:1143	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs	1116:1143	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	7	5	contain	have	1145:1148	arg1	KSA-NGs					1137:1143	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs	1116:1143	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs	1116:1143	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	7	5	contain	have	1145:1148	arg2	applications					1160:1171	potential applications	1150:1171	potential applications	1150:1171	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	7	5	contain	have	1145:1148	arg2	nanocarriers					1176:1187	nanocarriers	1176:1187	nanocarriers for cancer therapy	1176:1206	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	1	6	theme	human	185:189	arg1	keratin					196:202	human hair keratin	185:202	human hair keratin	185:202	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	5	7	theme	inhibition	952:961	arg1	effects					963:969	equivalent inhibition effects	941:969	equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX	941:991	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	4	8	theme	fast	795:798	arg1	release					804:810	a fast DOX release	793:810	a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels	793:864	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	5	9	dep	In	867:868	arg1	vitro					870:874	vitro	870:874	vitro	870:874	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	2	10	theme	ameliorated	334:344	arg1	properties					346:355	alginate ameliorated properties	325:355	alginate ameliorated properties	325:355	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	5	11	theme	tumor	974:978	arg1	cells					980:984	tumor cells	974:984	tumor cells	974:984	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	3	12	with	behavior	632:639	arg1	rate					584:587	a super-high drug-loading rate	558:587	a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	558:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	6	13	contain	had	1038:1040	arg2	effects					1084:1090	lower side effects	1073:1090	lower side effects	1073:1090	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	6	13	contain	had	1038:1040	arg2	effect					1062:1067	a better anti-tumor effect	1042:1067	a better anti-tumor effect	1042:1067	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	6	13	contain	had	1038:1040	arg1	KSA-NGs					1030:1036	DOX@KSA-NGs	1026:1036	DOX@KSA-NGs	1026:1036	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	2	14	theme	alginate	325:332	arg1	properties					346:355	alginate ameliorated properties	325:355	alginate ameliorated properties	325:355	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	2	15	theme	particle	379:386	arg1	size					388:391	particle size	379:391	particle size	379:391	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	4	16	theme	trypsin	851:857	arg1	levels					859:864	intracellular GSH and trypsin levels	829:864	levels	859:864	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	4	17	theme	uptake	670:675	arg1	results					677:683	Cellular uptake results	661:683	Cellular uptake results	661:683	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	1	18	theme	hair	191:194	arg1	keratin					196:202	human hair keratin	185:202	human hair keratin	185:202	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	6	19	theme	In	994:995	arg1	experiments					1002:1012	In vivo experiments	994:1012	In vivo experiments	994:1012	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	5	20	theme	DOX	921:923	arg1	KSA-NGs					925:931	DOX@KSA-NGs	921:931	DOX@KSA-NGs	921:931	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	7	21	theme	potential	1150:1158	arg1	nanocarriers					1176:1187	nanocarriers	1176:1187	nanocarriers for cancer therapy	1176:1206	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	7	21	theme	potential	1150:1158	arg1	applications					1160:1171	potential applications	1150:1171	potential applications	1150:1171	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	3	22	theme	keratin-alginate	445:460	arg1	KSA-NGs					472:478	KSA-NGs	472:478	KSA-NGs	472:478	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	22	theme	keratin-alginate	445:460	arg1	vectors					509:515	promising vectors	499:515	promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	499:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	22	theme	keratin-alginate	445:460	arg1	nanogels					462:469	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels	431:469	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs)	431:479	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	6	23	dep	In	994:995	arg1	vivo					997:1000	vivo	997:1000	vivo	997:1000	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	3	24	theme	promising	499:507	arg1	nanogels					462:469	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels	431:469	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs)	431:479	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	24	theme	promising	499:507	arg1	vectors					509:515	promising vectors	499:515	promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	499:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	0	25	theme	alginate-keratin	15:30	arg1	composite					32:40	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite	0:40	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite	0:40	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite nanogels with enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy.
28917852	6	26	theme	side	1079:1082	arg1	effects					1084:1090	lower side effects	1073:1090	lower side effects	1073:1090	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	4	27	theme	loaded	699:704	arg1	KSA-NGs					706:712	loaded KSA-NGs	699:712	loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs)	699:726	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	4	27	theme	loaded	699:704	arg1	KSA-NGs					719:725	DOX@KSA-NGs	715:725	DOX@KSA-NGs	715:725	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	4	28	theme	B16	768:770	arg1	cells					772:776	4T1 and B16 cells	760:776	cells	772:776	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	4	29	theme	DOX	715:717	arg1	KSA-NGs					706:712	loaded KSA-NGs	699:712	loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs)	699:726	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	4	29	theme	DOX	715:717	arg1	KSA-NGs					719:725	DOX@KSA-NGs	715:725	DOX@KSA-NGs	715:725	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	0	30	theme	Bio-responsive	0:13	arg1	composite					32:40	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite	0:40	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite	0:40	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite nanogels with enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy.
28917852	5	31	theme	In	867:868	arg1	cytotoxicity					876:887	In vitro cytotoxicity	867:887	In vitro cytotoxicity	867:887	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	2	32	theme	nanogels	360:367	arg1	structure					284:292	crosslinking structure	271:292	crosslinking structure	271:292	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	2	32	theme	nanogels	360:367	arg1	ability					313:319	bio-responsive ability	298:319	bio-responsive ability	298:319	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	2	32	theme	nanogels	360:367	arg1	properties					346:355	alginate ameliorated properties	325:355	alginate ameliorated properties	325:355	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	6	33	theme	lower	1073:1077	arg1	effects					1084:1090	lower side effects	1073:1090	lower side effects	1073:1090	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	3	34	with	vectors	509:515	arg1	rate					584:587	a super-high drug-loading rate	558:587	a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	558:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	5	35	theme	equivalent	941:950	arg1	effects					963:969	equivalent inhibition effects	941:969	equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX	941:991	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	3	36	theme	doxorubicin	521:531	arg1	DOX					548:550	DOX	548:550	DOX	548:550	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	36	theme	doxorubicin	521:531	arg1	hydrochloride					533:545	doxorubicin hydrochloride	521:545	doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX)	521:551	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	37	theme	dual-stimuli	608:619	arg1	behavior					632:639	dual-stimuli responsive behavior	608:639	dual-stimuli responsive behavior	608:639	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	38	theme	super-high	560:569	arg1	rate					584:587	a super-high drug-loading rate	558:587	a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	558:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	1	39	theme	simple	225:230	arg1	method					245:250	simple crosslinking method	225:250	simple crosslinking method	225:250	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	0	40	theme	enhanced	56:63	arg1	efficiency					78:87	enhanced drug loading efficiency	56:87	enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy	56:106	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite nanogels with enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy.
28917852	7	41	theme	cancer	1193:1198	arg1	therapy					1200:1206	cancer therapy	1193:1206	cancer therapy	1193:1206	These bio-responsive KSA-NGs have potential applications as nanocarriers for cancer therapy.
28917852	4	42	dep	DOX	695:697	arg1	internalized					744:755	internalized	744:755	are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro	728:785	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	5	43	from	effects	963:969	arg1	cells					980:984	tumor cells	974:984	tumor cells	974:984	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	1	44	theme	crosslinking	232:243	arg1	method					245:250	simple crosslinking method	225:250	simple crosslinking method	225:250	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	2	45	dep	structure	284:292	arg1	the					267:269	the	267:269	the	267:269	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	5	46	dep	results	889:895	arg1	manifested					905:914	manifested	905:914	results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX	889:991	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	0	47	theme	loading	70:76	arg1	efficiency					78:87	enhanced drug loading efficiency	56:87	enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy	56:106	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite nanogels with enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy.
28917852	3	48	theme	responsive	621:630	arg1	behavior					632:639	dual-stimuli responsive behavior	608:639	dual-stimuli responsive behavior	608:639	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	6	49	theme	free	1104:1107	arg1	drugs					1109:1113	free drugs	1104:1113	free drugs	1104:1113	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	5	50	theme	@	924:924	arg1	KSA-NGs					925:931	DOX@KSA-NGs	921:931	DOX@KSA-NGs	921:931	In vitro cytotoxicity results further manifested that DOX@KSA-NGs behaved equivalent inhibition effects on tumor cells to DOX.
28917852	0	51	theme	drug	65:68	arg1	efficiency					78:87	enhanced drug loading efficiency	56:87	enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy	56:106	Bio-responsive alginate-keratin composite nanogels with enhanced drug loading efficiency for cancer therapy.
28917852	4	52	theme	intracellular	829:841	arg1	GSH					843:845	intracellular GSH and trypsin levels	829:864	GSH	843:845	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	1	53	theme	novel	133:137	arg1	nanogel					163:169	a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel	131:169	a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method	131:250	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	6	54	theme	@	1029:1029	arg1	KSA-NGs					1030:1036	DOX@KSA-NGs	1026:1036	DOX@KSA-NGs	1026:1036	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	4	55	theme	DOX	800:802	arg1	release					804:810	a fast DOX release	793:810	a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels	793:864	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	2	56	theme	bio-responsive	298:311	arg1	ability					313:319	bio-responsive ability	298:319	bio-responsive ability	298:319	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	4	57	theme	@	718:718	arg1	KSA-NGs					706:712	loaded KSA-NGs	699:712	loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs)	699:726	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	4	57	theme	@	718:718	arg1	KSA-NGs					719:725	DOX@KSA-NGs	715:725	DOX@KSA-NGs	715:725	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	1	58	theme	dual-stimuli	139:150	arg1	nanogel					163:169	a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel	131:169	a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method	131:250	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	3	59	theme	%	596:596	arg1	rate					584:587	a super-high drug-loading rate	558:587	a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	558:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	1	60	theme	responsive	152:161	arg1	nanogel					163:169	a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel	131:169	a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method	131:250	This article presents a novel dual-stimuli responsive nanogel prepared from human hair keratin and alginate through simple crosslinking method.
28917852	4	61	theme	4T1	760:762	arg1	cells					772:776	4T1 and B16 cells	760:776	cells	772:776	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	6	62	theme	anti-tumor	1051:1060	arg1	effect					1062:1067	a better anti-tumor effect	1042:1067	a better anti-tumor effect	1042:1067	In vivo experiments showed that DOX@KSA-NGs had a better anti-tumor effect and lower side effects compared to free drugs.
28917852	3	63	theme	drug-loading	571:582	arg1	rate					584:587	a super-high drug-loading rate	558:587	a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	558:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	64	theme	resultant	435:443	arg1	KSA-NGs					472:478	KSA-NGs	472:478	KSA-NGs	472:478	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	64	theme	resultant	435:443	arg1	vectors					509:515	promising vectors	499:515	promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w)	499:602	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	3	64	theme	resultant	435:443	arg1	nanogels					462:469	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels	431:469	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs)	431:479	The resultant keratin-alginate nanogels (KSA-NGs) could function as promising vectors for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) with a super-high drug-loading rate of 52.9% (w/w) and dual-stimuli responsive behavior to GSH and trypsin.
28917852	4	65	theme	Cellular	661:668	arg1	uptake					670:675	Cellular uptake	661:675	Cellular uptake results	661:683	Cellular uptake results indicated DOX loaded KSA-NGs (DOX@KSA-NGs) are efficiently internalized in 4T1 and B16 cells in vitro, with a fast DOX release into cells under intracellular GSH and trypsin levels.
28917852	2	66	theme	crosslinking	271:282	arg1	structure					284:292	crosslinking structure	271:292	crosslinking structure	271:292	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
28917852	2	67	theme	loading	413:419	arg1	capacity					421:428	drug loading capacity	408:428	drug loading capacity	408:428	Keratin offer the crosslinking structure and bio-responsive ability and alginate ameliorated properties of nanogels including particle size, stability and drug loading capacity.
27925237	7	0	theme	weight	1195:1200	arg1	unit					1167:1170	a unit	1165:1170	a unit of whole initial organ weight	1165:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	1	1	theme	extracellular	323:335	arg1	matrix					337:342	the extracellular matrix	319:342	the extracellular matrix (ECM)	319:348	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	1	1	theme	extracellular	323:335	arg1	ECM					345:347	ECM	345:347	ECM	345:347	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	1	2	with	material	221:228	arg1	architecture					252:263	the native organ architecture	235:263	the native organ architecture	235:263	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	5	3	theme	decellularized	877:890	arg1	weight					892:897	wet decellularized weight	873:897	wet decellularized weight	873:897	Here, we present and compare the various methods used and demonstrate that normalization to either dry or wet decellularized weight might be misleading and may overestimate true component retention.
27925237	1	4	theme	native	239:244	arg1	architecture					252:263	the native organ architecture	235:263	the native organ architecture	235:263	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	1	5	theme	matrix	337:342	arg1	much					311:314	much	311:314	much	311:314	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	1	6	theme	tissue	163:168	arg1	engineering					170:180	tissue engineering	163:180	tissue engineering	163:180	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	1	7	theme	organ	246:250	arg1	architecture					252:263	the native organ architecture	235:263	the native organ architecture	235:263	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	7	8	theme	initial	1181:1187	arg1	weight					1195:1200	whole initial organ weight	1175:1200	whole initial organ weight	1175:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	0	9	from	Ambiguity	0:8	arg1	Presentation					17:28	the Presentation	13:28	the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition	13:65	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.
27925237	7	10	theme	alternative	1095:1105	arg1	result					1076:1081	a result	1074:1081	a result	1074:1081	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	7	10	theme	alternative	1095:1105	arg1	strategies					1118:1127	alternative comparison strategies	1095:1127	alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight	1095:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	7	10	theme	alternative	1095:1105	arg1	normalization					1130:1142	normalization	1130:1142	alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight	1095:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	5	11	theme	wet	873:875	arg1	weight					892:897	wet decellularized weight	873:897	wet decellularized weight	873:897	Here, we present and compare the various methods used and demonstrate that normalization to either dry or wet decellularized weight might be misleading and may overestimate true component retention.
27925237	0	12	theme	Standardized	81:92	arg1	Approaches					94:103	Standardized Approaches	81:103	Standardized Approaches	81:103	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.
27925237	7	13	theme	comparison	1107:1116	arg1	result					1076:1081	a result	1074:1081	a result	1074:1081	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	7	13	theme	comparison	1107:1116	arg1	strategies					1118:1127	alternative comparison strategies	1095:1127	alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight	1095:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	7	13	theme	comparison	1107:1116	arg1	normalization					1130:1142	normalization	1130:1142	alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight	1095:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	7	14	theme	whole	1147:1151	arg1	organ					1153:1157	whole organ	1147:1157	whole organ	1147:1157	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	3	15	theme	robust	538:543	arg1	methods					545:551	robust methods	538:551	robust methods	538:551	This requires robust methods for comparison of decellularized tissue composition.
27925237	8	16	theme	successful	1290:1299	arg1	comparison					1301:1310	the successful comparison	1286:1310	the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation	1286:1376	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	8	17	theme	tissue	1250:1255	arg1	composition					1257:1267	decellularized tissue composition	1235:1267	decellularized tissue composition	1235:1267	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	1	18	theme	engineering	170:180	arg1	field					154:158	the field	150:158	the field of tissue engineering	150:180	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	7	19	theme	whole	1175:1179	arg1	weight					1195:1200	whole initial organ weight	1175:1200	whole initial organ weight	1175:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	2	20	theme	decellularization	455:471	arg1	protocols					473:481	decellularization protocols	455:481	decellularization protocols	455:481	However, many parameters may affect decellularization efficacy and ECM retention and, therefore, decellularization protocols need to be optimized for specific needs.
27925237	8	21	theme	translation	1366:1376	arg1	comparison					1301:1310	the successful comparison	1286:1310	the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation	1286:1376	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	2	22	theme	many	367:370	arg1	parameters					372:381	many parameters	367:381	many parameters	367:381	However, many parameters may affect decellularization efficacy and ECM retention and, therefore, decellularization protocols need to be optimized for specific needs.
27925237	8	23	theme	decellularized	1235:1248	arg1	composition					1257:1267	decellularized tissue composition	1235:1267	decellularized tissue composition	1235:1267	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	2	24	theme	ECM	425:427	arg1	retention					429:437	ECM retention	425:437	ECM retention	425:437	However, many parameters may affect decellularization efficacy and ECM retention and, therefore, decellularization protocols need to be optimized for specific needs.
27925237	8	25	dep	believe	1206:1212	arg1	paramount					1272:1280	paramount	1272:1280	paramount	1272:1280	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	4	26	theme	growth	750:755	arg1	factors					757:763	growth factors	750:763	growth factors	750:763	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	8	27	theme	composition	1257:1267	arg1	assessment					1221:1230	proper assessment	1214:1230	proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition	1214:1267	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	7	28	dep	strategies	1118:1127	arg1	normalization					1130:1142	normalization	1130:1142	alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight	1095:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	7	28	dep	strategies	1118:1127	arg1	strategies					1118:1127	alternative comparison strategies	1095:1127	alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight	1095:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	1	29	theme	cellular	281:288	arg1	material					290:297	all cellular material	277:297	all cellular material	277:297	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	5	30	theme	component	945:953	arg1	retention					955:963	true component retention	940:963	true component retention	940:963	Here, we present and compare the various methods used and demonstrate that normalization to either dry or wet decellularized weight might be misleading and may overestimate true component retention.
27925237	2	31	theme	decellularization	394:410	arg1	efficacy					412:419	decellularization efficacy	394:419	decellularization efficacy	394:419	However, many parameters may affect decellularization efficacy and ECM retention and, therefore, decellularization protocols need to be optimized for specific needs.
27925237	0	32	theme	Decellularized	33:46	arg1	Composition					55:65	Decellularized Tissue Composition	33:65	Decellularized Tissue Composition	33:65	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.
27925237	8	33	theme	decellularization	1325:1341	arg1	protocols					1343:1351	different decellularization protocols	1315:1351	different decellularization protocols	1315:1351	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	3	34	theme	composition	593:603	arg1	comparison					557:566	comparison	557:566	comparison of decellularized tissue composition	557:603	This requires robust methods for comparison of decellularized tissue composition.
27925237	4	35	theme	tissue	671:676	arg1	composition					678:688	tissue composition	671:688	tissue composition	671:688	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	2	36	dep	specific	508:515	arg1	needs					517:521	needs	517:521	needs	517:521	However, many parameters may affect decellularization efficacy and ECM retention and, therefore, decellularization protocols need to be optimized for specific needs.
27925237	5	37	theme	various	800:806	arg1	methods					808:814	the various methods	796:814	the various methods used	796:819	Here, we present and compare the various methods used and demonstrate that normalization to either dry or wet decellularized weight might be misleading and may overestimate true component retention.
27925237	0	38	theme	Composition	55:65	arg1	Presentation					17:28	the Presentation	13:28	the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition	13:65	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.
27925237	3	39	theme	decellularized	571:584	arg1	composition					593:603	decellularized tissue composition	571:603	decellularized tissue composition	571:603	This requires robust methods for comparison of decellularized tissue composition.
27925237	0	40	theme	Tissue	48:53	arg1	Composition					55:65	Decellularized Tissue Composition	33:65	Decellularized Tissue Composition	33:65	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.
27925237	3	41	theme	tissue	586:591	arg1	composition					593:603	decellularized tissue composition	571:603	decellularized tissue composition	571:603	This requires robust methods for comparison of decellularized tissue composition.
27925237	7	42	theme	organ	1189:1193	arg1	weight					1195:1200	whole initial organ weight	1175:1200	whole initial organ weight	1175:1200	As a result, we propose alternative comparison strategies: normalization to whole organ or to a unit of whole initial organ weight.
27925237	1	43	theme	great	131:135	arg1	potential					137:145	great potential	131:145	great potential	131:145	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	4	44	dep	express	663:669	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					696:713	glycosaminoglycans	696:713	glycosaminoglycans	696:713	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	4	44	dep	express	663:669	arg1	proteins					736:743	other ECM proteins	726:743	other ECM proteins	726:743	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	4	44	dep	express	663:669	arg1	factors					757:763	growth factors	750:763	growth factors	750:763	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	4	44	dep	express	663:669	arg1	collagen					716:723	collagen	716:723	collagen	716:723	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	4	44	dep	express	663:669	arg1	DNA					691:693	DNA	691:693	DNA	691:693	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	4	45	theme	ECM	732:734	arg1	proteins					736:743	other ECM proteins	726:743	other ECM proteins	726:743	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	5	46	theme	true	940:943	arg1	retention					955:963	true component retention	940:963	true component retention	940:963	Here, we present and compare the various methods used and demonstrate that normalization to either dry or wet decellularized weight might be misleading and may overestimate true component retention.
27925237	1	47	theme	scaffold	212:219	arg1	material					221:228	scaffold material	212:228	scaffold material with the native organ architecture	212:263	Decellularization offers great potential to the field of tissue engineering, as this method gives rise to scaffold material with the native organ architecture by removing all cellular material and leaving much of the extracellular matrix (ECM) intact.
27925237	8	48	theme	clinical	1357:1364	arg1	translation					1366:1376	clinical translation	1357:1376	clinical translation	1357:1376	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	4	49	theme	other	726:730	arg1	proteins					736:743	other ECM proteins	726:743	other ECM proteins	726:743	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	8	50	theme	protocols	1343:1351	arg1	comparison					1301:1310	the successful comparison	1286:1310	the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation	1286:1376	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	4	51	theme	Various	606:612	arg1	methods					629:635	Various representation methods	606:635	Various representation methods	606:635	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	8	52	theme	different	1315:1323	arg1	protocols					1343:1351	different decellularization protocols	1315:1351	different decellularization protocols	1315:1351	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	8	53	theme	proper	1214:1219	arg1	assessment					1221:1230	proper assessment	1214:1230	proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition	1214:1267	We believe proper assessment of decellularized tissue composition is paramount for the successful comparison of different decellularization protocols and clinical translation.
27925237	6	54	theme	effect	1009:1014	arg1	magnitude					980:988	the magnitude	976:988	the magnitude of the confounding effect	976:1014	Moreover, the magnitude of the confounding effect is likely to be decellularization treatment dependent.
27925237	6	54	theme	effect	1009:1014	arg1	dependent					1060:1068	dependent	1060:1068	dependent	1060:1068	Moreover, the magnitude of the confounding effect is likely to be decellularization treatment dependent.
27925237	6	54	theme	effect	1009:1014	arg1	likely					1019:1024	likely	1019:1024	likely	1019:1024	Moreover, the magnitude of the confounding effect is likely to be decellularization treatment dependent.
27925237	0	55	dep	Ambiguity	0:8	arg1	Need					72:75	The Need	68:75	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.	0:104	Ambiguity in the Presentation of Decellularized Tissue Composition: The Need for Standardized Approaches.
27925237	4	56	used	used	641:644	arg2	methods					629:635	Various representation methods	606:635	Various representation methods	606:635	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	4	57	theme	representation	614:627	arg1	methods					629:635	Various representation methods	606:635	Various representation methods	606:635	Various representation methods are used in literature to express tissue composition (DNA, glycosaminoglycans, collagen, other ECM proteins, and growth factors).
27925237	6	58	theme	confounding	997:1007	arg1	effect					1009:1014	the confounding effect	993:1014	the confounding effect	993:1014	Moreover, the magnitude of the confounding effect is likely to be decellularization treatment dependent.
28644609	0	0	theme	Human	62:66	arg1	Lectins					105:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	10	1	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	1407:1416	arg1	epitope					1418:1424	a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1405:1424	a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1405:1424	hMGL also bound the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope.
28644609	7	2	dep	human	1092:1096	arg1	mMGL-2					1117:1122	mMGL-2	1117:1122	mMGL-2	1117:1122	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	7	2	dep	human	1092:1096	arg1	hMGL					1099:1102	hMGL	1099:1102	hMGL	1099:1102	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	9	3	theme	Kd	1243:1244	arg1	values					1246:1251	The apparent Kd values	1230:1251	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM)	1230:1262	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	9	3	theme	Kd	1243:1244	arg1	nM					1260:1261	∼1-40 nM	1254:1261	∼1-40 nM	1254:1261	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	1	4	theme	new	125:127	arg1	type					129:132	a new type	123:132	a new type of protein O-glycosylation	123:159	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	12	5	theme	mMGL-2	1565:1570	arg1	cells					1591:1595	mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells	1565:1595	mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells	1565:1595	Finally, GalNAc-Tyr was selectively captured by mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells.
28644609	1	6	theme	side	226:229	arg1	chain					231:235	the side chain	222:235	the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr)	222:260	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	5	7	theme	group	833:837	arg1	antibodies					841:850	blood group A antibodies	827:850	blood group A antibodies	827:850	VVL, HPA, and SBA were all found to bind tightly to GalNAc-Tyr, and several Tn binding antibodies and blood group A antibodies were found to cross-react with GalNAc-Tyr.
28644609	7	8	theme	potential	1044:1052	arg1	recognition					1054:1064	potential recognition	1044:1064	potential recognition	1044:1064	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	2	9	theme	biological	304:313	arg1	roles					315:319	the biological roles	300:319	the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr	300:333	While present on dozens of proteins, the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr are unknown.
28644609	2	9	theme	biological	304:313	arg1	unknown					339:345	unknown	339:345	unknown	339:345	While present on dozens of proteins, the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr are unknown.
28644609	13	10	theme	agents	1784:1789	arg1	design					1760:1765	the design	1756:1765	the design of MGL targeting agents	1756:1789	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	9	11	theme	known	1298:1302	arg1	antigen					1336:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	9	11	theme	known	1298:1302	arg1	ligands					1304:1310	the best known ligands	1289:1310	the best known ligands	1289:1310	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	0	12	theme	Murine	72:77	arg1	Lectins					105:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	9	13	with	par	1272:1274	arg1	antigen					1336:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	9	13	with	par	1272:1274	arg1	ligands					1304:1310	the best known ligands	1289:1310	the best known ligands	1289:1310	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	9	13	with	par	1272:1274	arg1	some					1281:1284	some	1281:1284	some	1281:1284	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	3	14	theme	potential	491:499	arg1	recognition					501:511	potential recognition	491:511	potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins	491:564	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	12	15	theme	dendritic	1581:1589	arg1	cells					1591:1595	mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells	1565:1595	mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells	1565:1595	Finally, GalNAc-Tyr was selectively captured by mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells.
28644609	4	16	theme	antibodies	689:698	arg1	lectins					716:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	16	theme	antibodies	689:698	arg1	variety					652:658	a variety	650:658	a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins	650:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	16	theme	antibodies	689:698	arg1	lectins					669:675	plant lectins	663:675	plant lectins	663:675	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	16	theme	antibodies	689:698	arg1	antibodies					689:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	17	theme	endogenous	705:714	arg1	lectins					716:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	6	18	from	reagents	1007:1014	arg1	results					988:994	results	988:994	results from these reagents	988:1014	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
28644609	4	19	theme	variety	652:658	arg1	properties					636:645	binding properties	628:645	binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins	628:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	1	20	theme	tyrosine	240:247	arg1	chain					231:235	the side chain	222:235	the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr)	222:260	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	0	21	theme	Galactose-Type	90:103	arg1	Lectins					105:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	4	22	theme	plant	663:667	arg1	lectins					669:675	plant lectins	663:675	plant lectins	663:675	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	9	23	theme	Tn	1333:1334	arg1	antigen					1336:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	13	24	theme	targeting	1774:1782	arg1	agents					1784:1789	MGL targeting agents	1770:1789	MGL targeting agents	1770:1789	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	3	25	theme	new	374:376	arg1	type					378:381	this new type	369:381	this new type of modification	369:397	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	0	26	theme	Macrophage	79:88	arg1	Lectins					105:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	62:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	9	27	theme	apparent	1234:1241	arg1	values					1246:1251	The apparent Kd values	1230:1251	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM)	1230:1262	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	9	27	theme	apparent	1234:1241	arg1	nM					1260:1261	∼1-40 nM	1254:1261	∼1-40 nM	1254:1261	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	6	28	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	914:923	arg1	proteins					934:941	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	914:941	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	914:941	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
28644609	1	29	theme	protein	137:143	arg1	O-glycosylation					145:159	protein O-glycosylation	137:159	protein O-glycosylation	137:159	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	13	30	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	1644:1653	arg1	proteins					1664:1671	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	1644:1671	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	1644:1671	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	7	31	theme	macrophage	1125:1134	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	7	32	dep	lectins	1083:1089	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	3	33	gly	glycopeptides	437:449	arg2	glycopeptides					437:449	GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	426:449	GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	426:449	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	1	34	theme	O-glycosylation	145:159	arg1	type					129:132	a new type	123:132	a new type of protein O-glycosylation	123:159	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	13	35	theme	modified	1655:1662	arg1	proteins					1664:1671	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	1644:1671	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	1644:1671	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	11	36	theme	STD	1427:1429	arg1	experiments					1435:1445	STD NMR experiments	1427:1445	STD NMR experiments	1427:1445	STD NMR experiments provided structural insights into the molecular basis of recognition.
28644609	4	37	theme	monoclonal	678:687	arg1	antibodies					689:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	5	38	theme	several	793:799	arg1	antibodies					812:821	several Tn binding antibodies	793:821	several Tn binding antibodies	793:821	VVL, HPA, and SBA were all found to bind tightly to GalNAc-Tyr, and several Tn binding antibodies and blood group A antibodies were found to cross-react with GalNAc-Tyr.
28644609	7	39	theme	human	1092:1096	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	8	40	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	1205:1214	arg1	determinants					1216:1227	GalNAc-Tyr determinants	1205:1227	GalNAc-Tyr determinants	1205:1227	Both hMGL and mMGL-2 bound tightly to GalNAc-Tyr determinants.
28644609	11	41	theme	NMR	1431:1433	arg1	experiments					1435:1445	STD NMR experiments	1427:1445	STD NMR experiments	1427:1445	STD NMR experiments provided structural insights into the molecular basis of recognition.
28644609	3	42	theme	glycan-binding	542:555	arg1	proteins					557:564	glycan-binding proteins	542:564	glycan-binding proteins	542:564	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	4	43	theme	>150	587:590	arg1	experiments					603:613	>150 microarray experiments	587:613	>150 microarray experiments	587:613	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	0	44	theme	Lectins	105:111	arg1	GalNAc-Tyrosine					0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine	0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine	0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	0	44	theme	Lectins	105:111	arg1	Ligand					21:26	a Ligand	19:26	a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	19:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	3	45	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	516:525	arg1	recognition					501:511	potential recognition	491:511	potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins	491:564	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	13	46	theme	unique	1734:1739	arg1	structures					1741:1750	unique structures	1734:1750	unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents	1734:1789	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	5	47	theme	Tn	801:802	arg1	antibodies					812:821	several Tn binding antibodies	793:821	several Tn binding antibodies	793:821	VVL, HPA, and SBA were all found to bind tightly to GalNAc-Tyr, and several Tn binding antibodies and blood group A antibodies were found to cross-react with GalNAc-Tyr.
28644609	0	48	theme	Plant	31:35	arg1	Lectins					37:43	Plant Lectins	31:43	Plant Lectins	31:43	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	4	49	theme	binding	628:634	arg1	properties					636:645	binding properties	628:645	binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins	628:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	1	50	attach	attached	210:217	arg2	N-acetylgalactosamine					185:205	N-acetylgalactosamine	185:205	N-acetylgalactosamine	185:205	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	1	50	attach	attached	210:217	arg1	chain					231:235	the side chain	222:235	the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr)	222:260	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	1	50	attach	attached	210:217	arg3	which					179:183	which	179:183	which	179:183	In 2011, a new type of protein O-glycosylation was discovered in which N-acetylgalactosamine is attached to the side chain of tyrosine (GalNAc-Tyr).
28644609	4	51	theme	experiments	603:613	arg1	series					577:582	a series	575:582	a series of >150 microarray experiments	575:613	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	12	52	theme	positive	1572:1579	arg1	cells					1591:1595	mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells	1565:1595	mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells	1565:1595	Finally, GalNAc-Tyr was selectively captured by mMGL-2 positive dendritic cells.
28644609	13	53	theme	first	1624:1628	arg1	evidence					1630:1637	the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2	1620:1722	the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2	1620:1722	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	3	54	theme	proteins	557:564	arg1	series					532:537	a series	530:537	a series of glycan-binding proteins	530:564	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	9	55	theme	best	1293:1296	arg1	antigen					1336:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	the Tn antigen	1329:1342	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	9	55	theme	best	1293:1296	arg1	ligands					1304:1310	the best known ligands	1289:1310	the best known ligands	1289:1310	The apparent Kd values (∼1-40 nM) were on par with some of the best known ligands for MGL, such as the Tn antigen.
28644609	4	56	theme	microarray	592:601	arg1	experiments					603:613	>150 microarray experiments	587:613	>150 microarray experiments	587:613	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	7	57	theme	type	1146:1149	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	13	58	theme	MGL	1770:1772	arg1	agents					1784:1789	MGL targeting agents	1770:1789	MGL targeting agents	1770:1789	These results provide the first evidence that GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins and/or peptides may be ligands for hMGL and mMGL-2 and offer unique structures for the design of MGL targeting agents.
28644609	3	59	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	426:435	arg1	glycopeptides					437:449	GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	426:449	GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	426:449	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	0	60	theme	Lectins	37:43	arg1	GalNAc-Tyrosine					0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine	0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine	0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	0	60	theme	Lectins	37:43	arg1	Ligand					21:26	a Ligand	19:26	a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	19:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	7	61	theme	murine	1109:1114	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	11	62	theme	structural	1456:1465	arg1	insights					1467:1474	structural insights	1456:1474	structural insights into the molecular basis of recognition	1456:1514	STD NMR experiments provided structural insights into the molecular basis of recognition.
28644609	3	63	theme	glycopeptides	437:449	arg1	group					417:421	a group	415:421	a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	415:449	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	3	63	theme	glycopeptides	437:449	arg1	glycopeptides					437:449	GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	426:449	GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides	426:449	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	10	64	theme	beta-amyloid	1373:1384	arg1	peptide					1386:1392	the natural beta-amyloid peptide	1361:1392	the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1361:1424	hMGL also bound the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope.
28644609	7	65	theme	mammalian	1073:1081	arg1	lectins					1083:1089	two mammalian lectins	1069:1089	two mammalian lectins	1069:1089	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	2	66	theme	proteins	290:297	arg1	dozens					280:285	dozens	280:285	dozens of proteins	280:297	While present on dozens of proteins, the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr are unknown.
28644609	10	67	theme	natural	1365:1371	arg1	peptide					1386:1392	the natural beta-amyloid peptide	1361:1392	the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1361:1424	hMGL also bound the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope.
28644609	5	68	theme	blood	827:831	arg1	antibodies					841:850	blood group A antibodies	827:850	blood group A antibodies	827:850	VVL, HPA, and SBA were all found to bind tightly to GalNAc-Tyr, and several Tn binding antibodies and blood group A antibodies were found to cross-react with GalNAc-Tyr.
28644609	4	69	theme	lectins	716:722	arg1	lectins					716:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	69	theme	lectins	716:722	arg1	variety					652:658	a variety	650:658	a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins	650:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	69	theme	lectins	716:722	arg1	lectins					669:675	plant lectins	663:675	plant lectins	663:675	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	69	theme	lectins	716:722	arg1	antibodies					689:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	70	theme	lectins	669:675	arg1	lectins					716:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	endogenous lectins	705:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	70	theme	lectins	669:675	arg1	variety					652:658	a variety	650:658	a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins	650:722	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	70	theme	lectins	669:675	arg1	lectins					669:675	plant lectins	663:675	plant lectins	663:675	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	4	70	theme	lectins	669:675	arg1	antibodies					689:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	monoclonal antibodies	678:698	Through a series of >150 microarray experiments, we assessed binding properties of a variety of plant lectins, monoclonal antibodies, and endogenous lectins.
28644609	5	71	theme	A	839:839	arg1	antibodies					841:850	blood group A antibodies	827:850	blood group A antibodies	827:850	VVL, HPA, and SBA were all found to bind tightly to GalNAc-Tyr, and several Tn binding antibodies and blood group A antibodies were found to cross-react with GalNAc-Tyr.
28644609	7	72	theme	galactose	1136:1144	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	6	73	theme	important	949:957	arg1	consideration					959:971	an important consideration	946:971	an important consideration	946:971	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
28644609	6	73	theme	important	949:957	arg1	detection					901:909	detection	901:909	detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	901:941	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
28644609	10	74	contain	containing	1394:1403	arg1	peptide					1386:1392	the natural beta-amyloid peptide	1361:1392	the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1361:1424	hMGL also bound the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope.
28644609	10	74	contain	containing	1394:1403	arg2	epitope					1418:1424	a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1405:1424	a GalNAc-Tyr epitope	1405:1424	hMGL also bound the natural beta-amyloid peptide containing a GalNAc-Tyr epitope.
28644609	11	75	theme	recognition	1504:1514	arg1	basis					1495:1499	the molecular basis	1481:1499	the molecular basis of recognition	1481:1514	STD NMR experiments provided structural insights into the molecular basis of recognition.
28644609	2	76	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	324:333	arg1	roles					315:319	the biological roles	300:319	the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr	300:333	While present on dozens of proteins, the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr are unknown.
28644609	2	76	theme	GalNAc-Tyr	324:333	arg1	unknown					339:345	unknown	339:345	unknown	339:345	While present on dozens of proteins, the biological roles of GalNAc-Tyr are unknown.
28644609	3	77	theme	modification	386:397	arg1	type					378:381	this new type	369:381	this new type of modification	369:397	To gain insight into this new type of modification, we synthesized a group of GalNAc-Tyr glycopeptides, constructed microarrays, and evaluated potential recognition of GalNAc-Tyr by a series of glycan-binding proteins.
28644609	6	78	theme	proteins	934:941	arg1	detection					901:909	detection	901:909	detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	901:941	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
28644609	6	78	theme	proteins	934:941	arg1	consideration					959:971	an important consideration	946:971	an important consideration	946:971	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
28644609	0	79	theme	Antibodies	46:55	arg1	GalNAc-Tyrosine					0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine	0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine	0:14	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	0	79	theme	Antibodies	46:55	arg1	Ligand					21:26	a Ligand	19:26	a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins	19:111	GalNAc-Tyrosine Is a Ligand of Plant Lectins, Antibodies, and Human and Murine Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectins.
28644609	11	80	theme	molecular	1485:1493	arg1	basis					1495:1499	the molecular basis	1481:1499	the molecular basis of recognition	1481:1514	STD NMR experiments provided structural insights into the molecular basis of recognition.
28644609	5	81	theme	binding	804:810	arg1	antibodies					812:821	several Tn binding antibodies	793:821	several Tn binding antibodies	793:821	VVL, HPA, and SBA were all found to bind tightly to GalNAc-Tyr, and several Tn binding antibodies and blood group A antibodies were found to cross-react with GalNAc-Tyr.
28644609	7	82	theme	C-type	1151:1156	arg1	lectins					1158:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins	1092:1164	Additionally, we evaluated potential recognition by two mammalian lectins, human (hMGL) and murine (mMGL-2) macrophage galactose type C-type lectins.
28644609	6	83	theme	modified	925:932	arg1	proteins					934:941	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	914:941	GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins	914:941	Thus, detection of GalNAc-Tyr modified proteins is an important consideration when analyzing results from these reagents.
27529236	2	0	theme	dendritic	427:435	arg1	cells					437:441	dendritic cells	427:441	dendritic cells	427:441	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	7	1	theme	LCEO	1011:1014	arg1	effect					1001:1006	the inhibitory effect	986:1006	the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response	986:1033	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	2	2	theme	chemical	315:322	arg1	compositions					324:335	the chemical compositions	311:335	the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	311:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	0	3	from	Effect	18:23	arg1	Cell					72:75	Dendritic Cell	62:75	Dendritic Cell	62:75	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	0	3	from	Effect	18:23	arg1	Responses					106:114	Contact Hypersensitivity Responses	81:114	Contact Hypersensitivity Responses	81:114	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	1	4	theme	tea	221:223	arg1	Litsea					117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	4	theme	tea	221:223	arg1	brewing					225:231	tea brewing	221:231	tea brewing	221:231	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	0	5	theme	Hypersensitivity	89:104	arg1	Responses					106:114	Contact Hypersensitivity Responses	81:114	Contact Hypersensitivity Responses	81:114	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	10	6	contain	containing	1446:1455	arg1	LCEO					1434:1437	the LCEO	1430:1437	the LCEO mainly containing citral	1430:1462	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	10	6	contain	containing	1446:1455	arg2	citral					1457:1462	citral	1457:1462	citral	1457:1462	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	10	7	theme	diseases	1604:1611	arg1	treatment					1573:1581	the treatment	1569:1581	the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases	1569:1636	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	3	8	theme	phase	603:607	arg1	HS-SPME/GC					626:635	HS-SPME/GC	626:635	HS-SPME/GC	626:635	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	8	theme	phase	603:607	arg1	microextraction					609:623	headspace-solid phase microextraction	587:623	headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC)	587:636	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	9	9	theme	infiltrative	1300:1311	arg1	cells					1315:1319	the infiltrative T cells	1296:1319	the infiltrative T cells	1296:1319	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	0	10	theme	Contact	81:87	arg1	Responses					106:114	Contact Hypersensitivity Responses	81:114	Contact Hypersensitivity Responses	81:114	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	2	11	from	effect	409:414	arg1	cells					437:441	dendritic cells	427:441	dendritic cells	427:441	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	2	11	from	effect	409:414	arg1	mice					447:450	mice	447:450	mice	447:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	6	12	theme	dendritic	889:897	arg1	DCs					906:908	DCs	906:908	DCs	906:908	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	6	12	theme	dendritic	889:897	arg1	cells					899:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells	869:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity	869:969	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	3	13	theme	gas	481:483	arg1	GC					501:502	GC	501:502	GC	501:502	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	13	theme	gas	481:483	arg1	chromatography					485:498	gas chromatography	481:498	gas chromatography (GC)	481:503	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	5	14	theme	principal	755:763	arg1	compounds					765:773	The principal compounds	751:773	The principal compounds	751:773	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	5	14	theme	principal	755:763	arg1	geranial					798:805	geranial	798:805	geranial	798:805	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	5	14	theme	principal	755:763	arg1	neral					788:792	neral	788:792	neral	788:792	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	5	14	theme	principal	755:763	arg1	citral					780:785	citral	780:785	citral	780:785	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	7	15	theme	hypersensitivity	1076:1091	arg1	responses					1099:1107	the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses	1064:1107	the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice	1064:1115	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	9	16	theme	CHS	1279:1281	arg1	response					1283:1290	CHS response	1279:1290	CHS response	1279:1290	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	9	17	with	co-treated	1367:1376	arg1	LCEO					1383:1386	LCEO	1383:1386	LCEO	1383:1386	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	9	18	theme	tested	1343:1348	arg1	ears					1350:1353	the tested ears	1339:1353	the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO	1339:1386	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	1	19	dep	Litsea	117:122	arg1	L.					131:132	Litsea cubeba L.	117:132	Litsea cubeba L.	117:132	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	6	20	theme	adaptive	953:960	arg1	immunity					962:969	the adaptive immunity	949:969	the adaptive immunity	949:969	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	2	21	theme	oil	360:362	arg1	compositions					324:335	the chemical compositions	311:335	the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	311:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	2	22	theme	immunomodulatory	392:407	arg1	effect					409:414	the immunomodulatory effect	388:414	the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	388:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	10	23	from	effect	1494:1499	arg1	mice					1512:1515	mice	1512:1515	mice	1512:1515	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	10	23	from	effect	1494:1499	arg1	DCs					1504:1506	DCs	1504:1506	DCs	1504:1506	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	2	24	theme	LCEO	419:422	arg1	effect					409:414	the immunomodulatory effect	388:414	the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	388:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	7	25	theme	contact	1068:1074	arg1	CHS					1094:1096	CHS	1094:1096	CHS	1094:1096	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	7	25	theme	contact	1068:1074	arg1	hypersensitivity					1076:1091	contact hypersensitivity	1068:1091	the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice	1064:1115	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	2	26	theme	essential	350:358	arg1	oil					360:362	the fruit essential oil	340:362	the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	340:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	10	27	theme	first	1413:1417	arg1	time					1419:1422	the first time	1409:1422	the first time	1409:1422	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	10	28	theme	diseases	1629:1636	arg1	treatment					1573:1581	the treatment	1569:1581	the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases	1569:1636	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	2	29	theme	fruit	344:348	arg1	oil					360:362	the fruit essential oil	340:362	the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	340:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	0	30	theme	Immunosuppressive	0:16	arg1	Effect					18:23	Immunosuppressive Effect	0:23	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.	0:115	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	6	31	theme	marrow-derived	874:887	arg1	DCs					906:908	DCs	906:908	DCs	906:908	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	6	31	theme	marrow-derived	874:887	arg1	cells					899:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells	869:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity	869:969	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	2	32	theme	present	271:277	arg1	study					279:283	The present study	267:283	The present study	267:283	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	1	33	theme	traditional	162:172	arg1	Litsea					117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	33	theme	traditional	162:172	arg1	herb					174:177	a traditional herb	160:177	a traditional herb	160:177	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	0	34	theme	Litsea	28:33	arg1	Oil					55:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	8	35	theme	-stimulated	1262:1272	arg1	DCs					1274:1276	lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs	1238:1276	lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs	1238:1276	Our results clearly showed that LCEO decreases the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs.
27529236	7	36	theme	inhibitory	990:999	arg1	effect					1001:1006	the inhibitory effect	986:1006	the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response	986:1033	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	10	37	theme	autoimmune	1618:1627	arg1	diseases					1629:1636	autoimmune diseases	1618:1636	autoimmune diseases	1618:1636	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	6	38	contain	have	917:920	arg1	DCs					906:908	DCs	906:908	DCs	906:908	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	6	38	contain	have	917:920	arg1	cells					899:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells	869:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity	869:969	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	6	38	contain	have	917:920	arg2	role					933:936	a critical role	922:936	a critical role	922:936	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	9	39	theme	T	1313:1313	arg1	cells					1315:1319	the infiltrative T cells	1296:1319	the infiltrative T cells	1296:1319	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	2	40	theme	cubeba	370:375	arg1	oil					360:362	the fruit essential oil	340:362	the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	340:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	0	41	theme	L.	42:43	arg1	Oil					55:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	3	42	theme	chromatography/mass	513:531	arg1	GC/MS					547:551	GC/MS	547:551	GC/MS	547:551	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	42	theme	chromatography/mass	513:531	arg1	spectrometry					533:544	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry	509:544	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)	509:552	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	7	43	theme	immune	1019:1024	arg1	response					1026:1033	immune response	1019:1033	immune response	1019:1033	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	0	44	theme	cubeba	35:40	arg1	Oil					55:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	7	45	from	effect	1001:1006	arg1	response					1026:1033	immune response	1019:1033	immune response	1019:1033	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	10	46	theme	immunosuppressive	1476:1492	arg1	effect					1494:1499	an immunosuppressive effect	1473:1499	an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice	1473:1515	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	3	47	theme	direct	559:564	arg1	DI/GC					577:581	DI/GC	577:581	DI/GC	577:581	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	47	theme	direct	559:564	arg1	injection					566:574	direct injection	559:574	direct injection (DI/GC)	559:582	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	5	48	dep	citral	780:785	arg1	compounds					765:773	The principal compounds	751:773	The principal compounds	751:773	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	5	48	dep	citral	780:785	arg1	geranial					798:805	geranial	798:805	geranial	798:805	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	5	48	dep	citral	780:785	arg1	neral					788:792	neral	788:792	neral	788:792	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	5	48	dep	citral	780:785	arg1	citral					780:785	citral	780:785	citral	780:785	The principal compounds were citral (neral and geranial).
27529236	6	49	theme	critical	924:931	arg1	role					933:936	a critical role	922:936	a critical role	922:936	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	0	50	theme	Oil	55:57	arg1	Effect					18:23	Immunosuppressive Effect	0:23	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.	0:115	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	6	51	theme	LCEO	842:845	arg1	activity					830:837	An immunosuppressive activity	809:837	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO	809:845	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	2	52	from	cells	437:441	arg1	oil					360:362	the fruit essential oil	340:362	the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	340:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	6	53	link	marrow-derived	874:887	arg1	DCs					906:908	DCs	906:908	DCs	906:908	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	6	53	link	marrow-derived	874:887	arg1	cells					899:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells	869:903	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity	869:969	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	4	54	dep	identified	668:677	arg1	detected					697:704	detected	697:704	were detected by DI/GC	692:713	In total, 56 components were identified, of which 48 were detected by DI/GC and 49 were detected by HS-SPME/GC.
27529236	4	54	dep	identified	668:677	arg1	detected					727:734	detected	727:734	were detected by HS-SPME/GC	722:748	In total, 56 components were identified, of which 48 were detected by DI/GC and 49 were detected by HS-SPME/GC.
27529236	0	55	theme	Essential	45:53	arg1	Oil					55:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil	28:57	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	3	56	theme	headspace-solid	587:601	arg1	HS-SPME/GC					626:635	HS-SPME/GC	626:635	HS-SPME/GC	626:635	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	56	theme	headspace-solid	587:601	arg1	microextraction					609:623	headspace-solid phase microextraction	587:623	headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC)	587:636	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	57	theme	gas	509:511	arg1	GC/MS					547:551	GC/MS	547:551	GC/MS	547:551	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	3	57	theme	gas	509:511	arg1	spectrometry					533:544	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry	509:544	gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)	509:552	The LCEO was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with direct injection (DI/GC) or headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC).
27529236	2	58	from	oil	360:362	arg1	cells					437:441	dendritic cells	427:441	dendritic cells	427:441	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	2	58	from	oil	360:362	arg1	mice					447:450	mice	447:450	mice	447:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	9	59	theme	mice	1362:1365	arg1	ears					1350:1353	the tested ears	1339:1353	the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO	1339:1386	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	7	60	from	responses	1099:1107	arg1	mice					1112:1115	mice	1112:1115	mice	1112:1115	Additionally, the inhibitory effect of LCEO on immune response was elucidated by performing the contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses in mice.
27529236	2	61	from	mice	447:450	arg1	oil					360:362	the fruit essential oil	340:362	the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	340:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	10	62	theme	inflammatory	1591:1602	arg1	diseases					1604:1611	inflammatory diseases	1591:1611	inflammatory diseases	1591:1611	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	9	63	theme	co-treated	1367:1376	arg1	mice					1362:1365	the mice	1358:1365	the mice co-treated with LCEO	1358:1386	CHS response and the infiltrative T cells were inhibited in the tested ears of the mice co-treated with LCEO.
27529236	10	64	theme	CHS	1586:1588	arg1	treatment					1573:1581	the treatment	1569:1581	the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases	1569:1636	We demonstrate, for the first time, that the LCEO mainly containing citral exhibits an immunosuppressive effect on DCs and mice, indicating that LCEO can potentially be applied in the treatment of CHS, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
27529236	8	65	from	manner	1228:1233	arg1	DCs					1274:1276	lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs	1238:1276	lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs	1238:1276	Our results clearly showed that LCEO decreases the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs.
27529236	8	66	dep	TNF-α	1183:1187	arg1	IL-12					1202:1206	IL-12	1202:1206	IL-12	1202:1206	Our results clearly showed that LCEO decreases the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs.
27529236	8	67	theme	TNF-α	1183:1187	arg1	production					1169:1178	the production	1165:1178	the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12	1165:1206	Our results clearly showed that LCEO decreases the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs.
27529236	8	68	theme	dose-dependent	1213:1226	arg1	manner					1228:1233	a dose-dependent manner	1211:1233	a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs	1211:1276	Our results clearly showed that LCEO decreases the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs.
27529236	0	69	theme	Dendritic	62:70	arg1	Cell					72:75	Dendritic Cell	62:75	Dendritic Cell	62:75	Immunosuppressive Effect of Litsea cubeba L. Essential Oil on Dendritic Cell and Contact Hypersensitivity Responses.
27529236	1	70	used	used	192:195	arg2	Litsea					117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	70	used	used	192:195	arg2	brewing					225:231	tea brewing	221:231	tea brewing	221:231	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	70	used	used	192:195	arg2	condiment					208:216	cooking condiment	200:216	cooking condiment	200:216	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	70	used	used	192:195	arg2	herb					174:177	a traditional herb	160:177	a traditional herb	160:177	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	71	theme	cooking	200:206	arg1	Litsea					117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea	117:122	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	1	71	theme	cooking	200:206	arg1	condiment					208:216	cooking condiment	200:216	cooking condiment	200:216	Litsea cubeba L., also named as Makauy, is a traditional herb and has been used as cooking condiment or tea brewing to treat diseases for aborigines.
27529236	2	72	theme	effect	409:414	arg1	oil					360:362	the fruit essential oil	340:362	the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice	340:450	The present study was undertaken to explore the chemical compositions of the fruit essential oil of L. cubeba (LCEO) and the immunomodulatory effect of LCEO on dendritic cells and mice.
27529236	6	73	theme	immunosuppressive	812:828	arg1	activity					830:837	An immunosuppressive activity	809:837	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO	809:845	An immunosuppressive activity of LCEO was investigated with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) which have a critical role to trigger the adaptive immunity.
27529236	8	74	theme	cytokine	1193:1200	arg1	production					1169:1178	the production	1165:1178	the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12	1165:1206	Our results clearly showed that LCEO decreases the production of TNF-α and cytokine IL-12 in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated DCs.
26352046	6	0	theme	Cd	1207:1208	arg1	exposure					1210:1217	Cd exposure	1207:1217	Cd exposure	1207:1217	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	4	1	from	synthesis	649:657	arg1	liver					666:670	the liver	662:670	the liver	662:670	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	3	2	theme	drinking	428:435	arg1	water					437:441	drinking water	428:441	drinking water for 10 weeks	428:454	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	6	3	theme	genus	1299:1303	arg1	levels					1305:1310	family and genus levels	1288:1310	levels	1305:1310	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	6	4	theme	gene	1169:1172	arg1	sequencing					1174:1183	16S rRNA gene sequencing	1160:1183	16S rRNA gene sequencing	1160:1183	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	2	5	theme	low	305:307	arg1	doses					309:313	low doses	305:313	low doses of Cd	305:319	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	5	6	theme	cecum	1101:1105	arg1	contents					1107:1114	the cecum contents	1097:1114	the cecum contents	1097:1114	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	4	7	theme	subchronic	807:816	arg1	exposure					821:828	subchronic Cd exposure	807:828	subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level	807:874	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	8	8	theme	microbiome	1673:1682	arg1	composition					1684:1694	the gut microbiome composition	1665:1694	the gut microbiome composition in mice	1665:1702	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	2	9	from	exposure	285:292	arg1	mice					297:300	mice	297:300	mice	297:300	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	3	10	theme	hepatic	466:472	arg1	TG					491:492	TG	491:492	TG	491:492	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	3	10	theme	hepatic	466:472	arg1	triacylglycerol					474:488	hepatic triacylglycerol	466:488	hepatic triacylglycerol (TG)	466:493	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	6	11	theme	family	1288:1293	arg1	levels					1305:1310	family and genus levels	1288:1310	levels	1305:1310	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	0	12	theme	Gut	84:86	arg1	Microbiome					88:97	Gut Microbiome	84:97	Gut Microbiome	84:97	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium Perturbs Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gut Microbiome.
26352046	8	13	theme	gut	1669:1671	arg1	composition					1684:1694	the gut microbiome composition	1665:1694	the gut microbiome composition in mice	1665:1702	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	8	14	from	composition	1684:1694	arg1	mice					1699:1702	mice	1699:1702	mice	1699:1702	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	7	15	theme	homeostasis	1504:1514	arg1	perturbations					1480:1492	perturbations	1480:1492	perturbations of energy homeostasis	1480:1514	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	4	16	theme	de	594:595	arg1	synthesis					606:614	de novo FFA synthesis	594:614	de novo FFA synthesis	594:614	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	8	17	theme	energy	1635:1640	arg1	metabolism					1642:1651	energy metabolism	1635:1651	energy metabolism	1635:1651	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	4	18	theme	Cd-treated	708:717	arg1	mice					719:722	the Cd-treated mice	704:722	the Cd-treated mice	704:722	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	2	19	from	mice	297:300	arg1	effects					263:269	the effects	259:269	the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome	259:363	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	4	20	theme	TG	646:647	arg1	synthesis					649:657	TG synthesis	646:657	TG synthesis in the liver	646:670	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	1	21	theme	liver	158:162	arg1	damage					164:169	liver damage	158:169	liver damage	158:169	Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant known to cause liver damage; however, the mechanisms of its hepatotoxicity remain poorly understood.
26352046	4	22	theme	mRNA	544:547	arg1	levels					549:554	The mRNA levels	540:554	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver	540:670	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	4	23	theme	Cd	818:819	arg1	exposure					821:828	subchronic Cd exposure	807:828	subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level	807:874	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	5	24	theme	Firmicutes	940:949	arg1	Firmicutes					940:949	Firmicutes	940:949	Firmicutes	940:949	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	5	24	theme	Firmicutes	940:949	arg1	amounts					929:935	the amounts	925:935	the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria	925:970	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	5	24	theme	Firmicutes	940:949	arg1	γ-proteobacteria					955:970	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	6	25	theme	microflora	1251:1260	arg1	structure					1262:1270	gut microflora structure	1247:1270	gut microflora structure	1247:1270	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	7	26	theme	Cd	1522:1523	arg1	exposure					1525:1532	Cd exposure	1522:1532	Cd exposure	1522:1532	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	4	27	theme	hepatic	838:844	arg1	toxicity					846:853	hepatic toxicity	838:853	hepatic toxicity	838:853	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	2	28	theme	subchronic	274:283	arg1	exposure					285:292	subchronic exposure	274:292	subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd	274:319	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	6	29	dep	structure	1262:1270	arg1	the					1243:1245	the	1243:1245	the	1243:1245	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	2	30	theme	energy	324:329	arg1	metabolism					331:340	energy metabolism	324:340	energy metabolism	324:340	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	0	31	theme	Subchronic	0:9	arg1	Exposure					11:18	Subchronic Exposure	0:18	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium	0:37	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium Perturbs Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gut Microbiome.
26352046	4	32	theme	FFA	602:604	arg1	synthesis					606:614	de novo FFA synthesis	594:614	de novo FFA synthesis	594:614	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	5	33	theme	Cd	1134:1135	arg1	exposure					1137:1144	Cd exposure	1134:1144	Cd exposure	1134:1144	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	0	34	theme	Mice	23:26	arg1	Exposure					11:18	Subchronic Exposure	0:18	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium	0:37	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium Perturbs Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gut Microbiome.
26352046	4	35	theme	possible	777:784	arg1	alterations					741:751	alterations	741:751	alterations of these genes	741:766	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	4	35	theme	possible	777:784	arg1	mechanism					786:794	a possible mechanism	775:794	a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level	775:874	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	5	36	theme	gut	888:890	arg1	microbiome					892:901	the gut microbiome	884:901	the gut microbiome	884:901	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	4	37	theme	transport	620:628	arg1	pathways					630:637	transport pathways	620:637	transport pathways	620:637	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	5	38	theme	exposure	1137:1144	arg1	weeks					1125:1129	10 weeks	1122:1129	10 weeks of Cd exposure	1122:1144	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	4	39	dep	de	594:595	arg1	novo					597:600	novo	597:600	novo	597:600	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	5	40	theme	Cd	1026:1027	arg1	exposure					1029:1036	Cd exposure	1026:1036	Cd exposure	1026:1036	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	6	41	theme	16S	1160:1162	arg1	sequencing					1174:1183	16S rRNA gene sequencing	1160:1183	16S rRNA gene sequencing	1160:1183	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	5	42	theme	phylum	911:916	arg1	level					918:922	the phylum level	907:922	the phylum level	907:922	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	4	43	theme	genes	571:575	arg1	levels					549:554	The mRNA levels	540:554	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver	540:670	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	8	44	theme	subchronic	1584:1593	arg1	exposure					1598:1605	subchronic Cd exposure	1584:1605	subchronic Cd exposure	1584:1605	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	4	45	theme	key	567:569	arg1	genes					571:575	several key genes	559:575	several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver	559:670	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	4	46	theme	molecular	860:868	arg1	level					870:874	a molecular level	858:874	a molecular level	858:874	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	5	47	theme	exposure	1029:1036	arg1	weeks					1017:1021	4 weeks	1015:1021	4 weeks of Cd exposure	1015:1036	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	7	48	from	increase	1377:1384	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					1395:1412	serum lipopolysaccharide	1389:1412	serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	1389:1418	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	7	48	from	increase	1377:1384	arg1	LPS					1415:1417	LPS	1415:1417	LPS	1415:1417	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	3	49	theme	fatty	507:511	arg1	FFA					519:521	FFA	519:521	FFA	519:521	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	3	49	theme	fatty	507:511	arg1	acid					513:516	serum free fatty acid	496:516	serum free fatty acid (FFA)	496:522	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	7	50	theme	energy	1497:1502	arg1	homeostasis					1504:1514	energy homeostasis	1497:1514	energy homeostasis	1497:1514	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	2	51	theme	gut	350:352	arg1	microbiome					354:363	the gut microbiome	346:363	the gut microbiome	346:363	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	6	52	theme	gut	1247:1249	arg1	microflora					1251:1260	gut microflora	1247:1260	gut microflora structure	1247:1270	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	3	53	theme	mice	397:400	arg1	exposure					385:392	The exposure	381:392	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks	381:454	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	4	54	theme	genes	762:766	arg1	mechanism					786:794	a possible mechanism	775:794	a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level	775:874	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	4	54	theme	genes	762:766	arg1	alterations					741:751	alterations	741:751	alterations of these genes	741:766	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	3	55	theme	TG	529:530	arg1	levels					532:537	TG levels	529:537	TG levels	529:537	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	3	56	theme	serum	496:500	arg1	FFA					519:521	FFA	519:521	FFA	519:521	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	3	56	theme	serum	496:500	arg1	acid					513:516	serum free fatty acid	496:516	serum free fatty acid (FFA)	496:522	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	8	57	theme	Cd	1595:1596	arg1	exposure					1598:1605	subchronic Cd exposure	1584:1605	subchronic Cd exposure	1584:1605	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	7	58	theme	hepatic	1431:1437	arg1	inflammation					1439:1450	hepatic inflammation	1431:1450	hepatic inflammation	1431:1450	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	6	59	theme	rRNA	1164:1167	arg1	sequencing					1174:1183	16S rRNA gene sequencing	1160:1183	16S rRNA gene sequencing	1160:1183	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	7	60	theme	composition	1346:1356	arg1	alteration					1317:1326	The alteration	1313:1326	The alteration of gut microbiome composition	1313:1356	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	3	61	theme	free	502:505	arg1	FFA					519:521	FFA	519:521	FFA	519:521	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	3	61	theme	free	502:505	arg1	acid					513:516	serum free fatty acid	496:516	serum free fatty acid (FFA)	496:522	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	8	62	theme	present	1555:1561	arg1	study					1563:1567	the present study	1551:1567	the present study	1551:1567	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	4	63	theme	several	559:565	arg1	genes					571:575	several key genes	559:575	several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver	559:670	The mRNA levels of several key genes involved in both de novo FFA synthesis and transport pathways and in TG synthesis in the liver also increased significantly in the Cd-treated mice, indicating that alterations of these genes may be a possible mechanism to explain subchronic Cd exposure induced hepatic toxicity at a molecular level.
26352046	3	64	theme	mg/L	408:411	arg1	Cd					413:414	10 mg/L Cd	405:414	10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks	405:454	The exposure of mice to 10 mg/L Cd supplied in drinking water for 10 weeks increased hepatic triacylglycerol (TG), serum free fatty acid (FFA), and TG levels.
26352046	7	65	theme	gut	1331:1333	arg1	composition					1346:1356	gut microbiome composition	1331:1356	gut microbiome composition	1331:1356	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	2	66	theme	exposure	285:292	arg1	effects					263:269	the effects	259:269	the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome	259:363	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	5	67	theme	Firmicutes	1059:1068	arg1	quantity					1047:1054	the quantity	1043:1054	the quantity of Firmicutes	1043:1068	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	0	68	theme	Energy	62:67	arg1	Metabolism					69:78	Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism	48:78	Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism	48:78	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium Perturbs Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gut Microbiome.
26352046	7	69	theme	microbiome	1335:1344	arg1	composition					1346:1356	gut microbiome composition	1331:1356	gut microbiome composition	1331:1356	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	6	70	from	levels	1305:1310	arg1	richness					1276:1283	richness	1276:1283	richness	1276:1283	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	6	70	from	levels	1305:1310	arg1	structure					1262:1270	gut microflora structure	1247:1270	gut microflora structure	1247:1270	In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing further revealed that Cd exposure significantly perturbed the gut microflora structure and richness at family and genus levels.
26352046	2	71	theme	Cd	318:319	arg1	doses					309:313	low doses	305:313	low doses of Cd	305:319	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	0	72	theme	Hepatic	54:60	arg1	Metabolism					69:78	Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism	48:78	Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism	48:78	Subchronic Exposure of Mice to Cadmium Perturbs Their Hepatic Energy Metabolism and Gut Microbiome.
26352046	5	73	theme	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	arg1	Firmicutes					940:949	Firmicutes	940:949	Firmicutes	940:949	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	5	73	theme	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	arg1	amounts					929:935	the amounts	925:935	the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria	925:970	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	5	73	theme	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	arg1	γ-proteobacteria					955:970	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	γ-proteobacteria	955:970	As for the gut microbiome, at the phylum level, the amounts of Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria decreased significantly in the feces after 4 weeks of Cd exposure, and the quantity of Firmicutes decreased significantly in the cecum contents after 10 weeks of Cd exposure.
26352046	7	74	theme	serum	1389:1393	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					1395:1412	serum lipopolysaccharide	1389:1412	serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	1389:1418	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	7	74	theme	serum	1389:1393	arg1	LPS					1415:1417	LPS	1415:1417	LPS	1415:1417	The alteration of gut microbiome composition might result in an increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induce hepatic inflammation, which may indirectly cause perturbations of energy homeostasis after Cd exposure.
26352046	8	75	theme	metabolism	1642:1651	arg1	dysregulation					1618:1630	the dysregulation	1614:1630	the dysregulation of energy metabolism	1614:1651	Taken together, the present study indicated that subchronic Cd exposure caused the dysregulation of energy metabolism and changed the gut microbiome composition in mice.
26352046	1	76	theme	environmental	119:131	arg1	pollutant					133:141	an environmental pollutant	116:141	an environmental pollutant known to cause liver damage	116:169	Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant known to cause liver damage; however, the mechanisms of its hepatotoxicity remain poorly understood.
26352046	1	76	theme	environmental	119:131	arg1	Cadmium					100:106	Cadmium	100:106	Cadmium (Cd)	100:111	Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant known to cause liver damage; however, the mechanisms of its hepatotoxicity remain poorly understood.
26352046	2	77	from	effects	263:269	arg1	mice					297:300	mice	297:300	mice	297:300	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	2	77	from	effects	263:269	arg1	metabolism					331:340	energy metabolism	324:340	energy metabolism	324:340	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	2	77	from	effects	263:269	arg1	microbiome					354:363	the gut microbiome	346:363	the gut microbiome	346:363	In this study, the effects of subchronic exposure in mice to low doses of Cd on energy metabolism and the gut microbiome were evaluated.
26352046	1	78	theme	hepatotoxicity	203:216	arg1	mechanisms					185:194	the mechanisms	181:194	the mechanisms of its hepatotoxicity	181:216	Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant known to cause liver damage; however, the mechanisms of its hepatotoxicity remain poorly understood.
26784224	7	0	theme	detrimental	1211:1221	arg1	effects					1223:1229	detrimental effects	1211:1229	detrimental effects	1211:1229	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	2	1	theme	disease	351:357	arg1	risk					335:338	an increased risk	322:338	an increased risk of chronic disease	322:357	A mismatch between the predicted and actual environments precipitates an increased risk of chronic disease.
26784224	6	2	theme	glucose	1132:1138	arg1	fat					1127:1129	body fat	1122:1129	body fat	1122:1129	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	6	2	theme	glucose	1132:1138	arg1	control					1140:1146	glucose control	1132:1146	glucose control	1132:1146	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	1	3	theme	postnatal	229:237	arg1	environment					239:249	its postnatal environment	225:249	its postnatal environment	225:249	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis proposes that the fetus takes cues from the maternal environment to predict its postnatal environment.
26784224	0	4	theme	Maternal	62:69	arg1	Diet					71:74	Maternal Diet	62:74	Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats	62:113	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	8	5	theme	control	1273:1279	arg1	rats					1281:1284	control rats	1273:1284	control rats	1273:1284	Findings in control rats suggest that the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet warrants investigation.
26784224	8	6	from	Findings	1261:1268	arg1	rats					1281:1284	control rats	1273:1284	control rats	1273:1284	Findings in control rats suggest that the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet warrants investigation.
26784224	3	7	theme	re-matching	465:475	arg1	offspring					477:485	re-matching offspring	465:485	re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet	465:520	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	0	8	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	Offspring					36:44	Adult Offspring	30:44	Adult Offspring	30:44	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	6	9	theme	metabolic	1101:1109	arg1	phenotype					1111:1119	the most beneficial metabolic phenotype	1081:1119	the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones)	1081:1165	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	3	10	theme	gestational	505:515	arg1	diet					517:520	their maternal gestational diet	490:520	their maternal gestational diet	490:520	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	4	11	theme	body	679:682	arg1	weight					684:689	lower body weight	673:689	lower body weight	673:689	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	12	theme	lower	673:677	arg1	weight					684:689	lower body weight	673:689	lower body weight	673:689	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	6	13	theme	beneficial	1090:1099	arg1	phenotype					1111:1119	the most beneficial metabolic phenotype	1081:1119	the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones)	1081:1165	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	4	14	theme	fiber	653:657	arg1	HF					665:666	HF	665:666	HF	665:666	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	14	theme	fiber	653:657	arg1	diet					659:662	a high prebiotic fiber diet	636:662	a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF)	636:667	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	15	theme	p	841:841	arg1	<					843:843	p < 0.05	841:848	p < 0.05	841:848	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	15	theme	p	841:841	arg1	GLP-1					826:830	GLP-1	826:830	GLP-1	826:830	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	8	16	theme	obesogenic	1303:1312	arg1	potential					1314:1322	the obesogenic potential	1299:1322	the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet	1299:1350	Findings in control rats suggest that the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet warrants investigation.
26784224	4	17	theme	control	755:761	arg1	diet					767:770	a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet	732:770	diet	767:770	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	5	18	dep	maintained	877:886	arg1	whether					869:875	whether	869:875	whether	869:875	Control animals, whether maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M, or continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M, did not differ from each other in body weight or adiposity.
26784224	6	19	dep	phenotype	1111:1119	arg1	fat					1127:1129	body fat	1122:1129	body fat	1122:1129	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	6	19	dep	phenotype	1111:1119	arg1	control					1140:1146	glucose control	1132:1146	glucose control	1132:1146	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	6	19	dep	phenotype	1111:1119	arg1	hormones					1157:1164	satiety hormones	1149:1164	satiety hormones	1149:1164	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	7	20	theme	body	1234:1237	arg1	weight					1239:1244	body weight	1234:1244	body weight	1234:1244	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	3	21	theme	maternal	496:503	arg1	diet					517:520	their maternal gestational diet	490:520	their maternal gestational diet	490:520	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	4	22	contain	had	781:783	arg1	Animals					614:620	Animals	614:620	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF)	614:667	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	22	contain	had	781:783	arg2	levels					795:800	increased levels	785:800	increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	785:849	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	3	23	theme	high	417:420	arg1	diet					436:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	3	23	theme	high	417:420	arg1	fat					412:414	a high fat	405:414	a high fat	405:414	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	4	24	theme	C	764:764	arg1	diet					767:770	a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet	732:770	diet	767:770	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	3	25	from	challenge	441:449	arg1	adulthood					454:462	adulthood	454:462	adulthood	454:462	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	3	26	theme	metabolic	536:544	arg1	health					546:551	metabolic health	536:551	metabolic health	536:551	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	3	27	theme	high	407:410	arg1	diet					436:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	3	27	theme	high	407:410	arg1	fat					412:414	a high fat	405:414	a high fat	405:414	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	4	28	theme	re-matched	718:727	arg1	animals					710:716	animals	710:716	animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet	710:770	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	8	29	theme	AIN-93	1340:1345	arg1	diet					1347:1350	the powdered AIN-93 diet	1327:1350	the powdered AIN-93 diet	1327:1350	Findings in control rats suggest that the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet warrants investigation.
26784224	7	30	theme	HP	1172:1173	arg1	diet					1175:1178	The HP diet	1168:1178	The HP diet	1168:1178	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	3	31	theme	fat	412:414	arg1	challenge					441:449	a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge	405:449	a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood	405:462	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	0	32	theme	Composition	15:25	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring	0:44	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	5	33	theme	body	1014:1017	arg1	weight					1019:1024	body weight	1014:1024	body weight	1014:1024	Control animals, whether maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M, or continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M, did not differ from each other in body weight or adiposity.
26784224	4	34	theme	satiety	809:815	arg1	hormones					817:824	the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	805:849	the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	805:849	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	34	theme	satiety	809:815	arg1	PYY					836:838	PYY	836:838	PYY	836:838	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	34	theme	satiety	809:815	arg1	GLP-1					826:830	GLP-1	826:830	GLP-1	826:830	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	2	35	theme	actual	289:294	arg1	environments					296:307	actual environments	289:307	actual environments	289:307	A mismatch between the predicted and actual environments precipitates an increased risk of chronic disease.
26784224	3	36	theme	HFS	431:433	arg1	diet					436:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	3	36	theme	HFS	431:433	arg1	fat					412:414	a high fat	405:414	a high fat	405:414	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	0	37	theme	Diet	10:13	arg1	Composition					15:25	Diet Composition	10:25	Diet Composition	10:25	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	4	38	contain	had	669:671	arg1	Animals					614:620	Animals	614:620	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF)	614:667	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	38	contain	had	669:671	arg2	adiposity					695:703	adiposity	695:703	adiposity	695:703	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	38	contain	had	669:671	arg2	weight					684:689	lower body weight	673:689	lower body weight	673:689	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	6	39	theme	satiety	1149:1155	arg1	fat					1127:1129	body fat	1122:1129	body fat	1122:1129	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	6	39	theme	satiety	1149:1155	arg1	hormones					1157:1164	satiety hormones	1149:1164	satiety hormones	1149:1164	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	2	40	theme	chronic	343:349	arg1	disease					351:357	chronic disease	343:357	chronic disease	343:357	A mismatch between the predicted and actual environments precipitates an increased risk of chronic disease.
26784224	4	41	theme	high	638:641	arg1	HF					665:666	HF	665:666	HF	665:666	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	41	theme	high	638:641	arg1	diet					659:662	a high prebiotic fiber diet	636:662	a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF)	636:667	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	0	42	theme	Adult	30:34	arg1	Offspring					36:44	Adult Offspring	30:44	Adult Offspring	30:44	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	8	43	theme	diet	1347:1350	arg1	potential					1314:1322	the obesogenic potential	1299:1322	the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet	1299:1350	Findings in control rats suggest that the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet warrants investigation.
26784224	4	44	theme	re-matched	622:631	arg1	Animals					614:620	Animals	614:620	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF)	614:667	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	3	45	theme	sucrose	422:428	arg1	diet					436:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	high sucrose (HFS) diet	417:439	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	3	45	theme	sucrose	422:428	arg1	fat					412:414	a high fat	405:414	a high fat	405:414	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	4	46	theme	hormones	817:824	arg1	levels					795:800	increased levels	785:800	increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	785:849	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	47	theme	protein	739:745	arg1	HP					748:749	a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet	732:770	HP	748:749	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	1	48	theme	maternal	193:200	arg1	environment					202:212	the maternal environment	189:212	the maternal environment	189:212	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis proposes that the fetus takes cues from the maternal environment to predict its postnatal environment.
26784224	7	49	contain	had	1207:1209	arg2	effects					1223:1229	detrimental effects	1211:1229	detrimental effects	1211:1229	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	7	49	contain	had	1207:1209	arg1	diet					1175:1178	The HP diet	1168:1178	The HP diet	1168:1178	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	4	50	theme	increased	785:793	arg1	levels					795:800	increased levels	785:800	increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	785:849	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	8	51	theme	powdered	1331:1338	arg1	diet					1347:1350	the powdered AIN-93 diet	1327:1350	the powdered AIN-93 diet	1327:1350	Findings in control rats suggest that the obesogenic potential of the powdered AIN-93 diet warrants investigation.
26784224	6	52	theme	HF	1053:1054	arg1	diet					1056:1059	the HF diet	1049:1059	the HF diet	1049:1059	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	0	53	from	Lactation	97:105	arg1	Rats					110:113	Rats	110:113	Rats	110:113	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	1	54	from	environment	202:212	arg1	cues					179:182	cues	179:182	cues from the maternal environment	179:212	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis proposes that the fetus takes cues from the maternal environment to predict its postnatal environment.
26784224	5	55	theme	Control	852:858	arg1	animals					860:866	Control animals	852:866	Control animals, whether maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M, or continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M,	852:978	Control animals, whether maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M, or continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M, did not differ from each other in body weight or adiposity.
26784224	7	56	theme	per	1184:1186	arg1	work					1201:1204	per our previous work	1184:1204	per our previous work	1184:1204	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	2	57	theme	increased	325:333	arg1	risk					335:338	an increased risk	322:338	an increased risk of chronic disease	322:357	A mismatch between the predicted and actual environments precipitates an increased risk of chronic disease.
26784224	4	58	theme	prebiotic	643:651	arg1	HF					665:666	HF	665:666	HF	665:666	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	58	theme	prebiotic	643:651	arg1	diet					659:662	a high prebiotic fiber diet	636:662	a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF)	636:667	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	7	59	theme	previous	1192:1199	arg1	work					1201:1204	per our previous work	1184:1204	per our previous work	1184:1204	The HP diet, as per our previous work, had detrimental effects on body weight and adiposity.
26784224	6	60	theme	body	1122:1125	arg1	fat					1127:1129	body fat	1122:1129	body fat	1122:1129	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	6	60	theme	body	1122:1125	arg1	control					1140:1146	glucose control	1132:1146	glucose control	1132:1146	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	6	60	theme	body	1122:1125	arg1	hormones					1157:1164	satiety hormones	1149:1164	satiety hormones	1149:1164	Overall, the HF diet was associated with the most beneficial metabolic phenotype (body fat, glucose control, satiety hormones).
26784224	0	61	from	Pregnancy	83:91	arg1	Rats					110:113	Rats	110:113	Rats	110:113	Impact of Diet Composition in Adult Offspring is Dependent on Maternal Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation in Rats.
26784224	3	62	theme	previous	582:589	arg1	exposure					591:598	no previous exposure	579:598	no previous exposure to that diet	579:611	Our objective was to determine if, following a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet challenge in adulthood, re-matching offspring to their maternal gestational diet would improve metabolic health more so than if there was no previous exposure to that diet.
26784224	5	63	dep	animals	860:866	arg1	continued					924:932	continued	924:932	continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M	924:977	Control animals, whether maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M, or continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M, did not differ from each other in body weight or adiposity.
26784224	5	63	dep	animals	860:866	arg1	maintained					877:886	maintained	877:886	maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M	877:918	Control animals, whether maintained throughout the study on AIN-93M, or continued on HFS rather than reverting back to AIN-93M, did not differ from each other in body weight or adiposity.
26784224	4	64	theme	high	734:737	arg1	HP					748:749	a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet	732:770	HP	748:749	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	1	65	theme	Thrifty	120:126	arg1	Hypothesis					138:147	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis	116:147	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis	116:147	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis proposes that the fetus takes cues from the maternal environment to predict its postnatal environment.
26784224	1	66	theme	Phenotype	128:136	arg1	Hypothesis					138:147	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis	116:147	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis	116:147	The Thrifty Phenotype Hypothesis proposes that the fetus takes cues from the maternal environment to predict its postnatal environment.
26784224	4	67	dep	hormones	817:824	arg1	hormones					817:824	the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	805:849	the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05)	805:849	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	67	dep	hormones	817:824	arg1	PYY					836:838	PYY	836:838	PYY	836:838	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	67	dep	hormones	817:824	arg1	<					843:843	p < 0.05	841:848	p < 0.05	841:848	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
26784224	4	67	dep	hormones	817:824	arg1	GLP-1					826:830	GLP-1	826:830	GLP-1	826:830	Animals re-matched to a high prebiotic fiber diet (HF) had lower body weight and adiposity than animals re-matched to a high protein (HP) or control (C) diet and also had increased levels of the satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY (p < 0.05).
23552503	16	0	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1453:1463	arg1	contribution					1469:1480	The contribution	1465:1480	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients	1453:1517	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients was in accordance with global nutrition guidelines.
23552503	2	1	theme	dental	301:306	arg1	health					308:313	dental health	301:313	dental health	301:313	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	15	2	theme	acidic	1407:1412	arg1	items					1414:1418	acidic items	1407:1418	acidic items	1407:1418	Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).
23552503	3	3	theme	3	505:505	arg1	d					507:507	d	507:507	d	507:507	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	4	4	theme	Access	605:610	arg1	database					612:619	a Microsoft® Access database	592:619	a Microsoft® Access database	592:619	Dietary data were coded using food composition tables and entered into a Microsoft® Access database.
23552503	1	5	theme	children	153:160	arg1	intake					143:148	the dietary intake	131:148	the dietary intake of children in Libya	131:169	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	13	6	dep	g/d	1269:1271	arg1	g/d					1303:1305	146 g/d	1299:1305	146 g/d	1299:1305	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	9	7	theme	mean	924:927	arg1	age					929:931	Their mean age	918:931	Their mean age	918:931	Their mean age was 12·3 (sd 0·29) years.
23552503	17	8	theme	acidic	1575:1580	arg1	low					1600:1602	low	1600:1602	low	1600:1602	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	17	8	theme	acidic	1575:1580	arg1	intake					1589:1594	The acidic drinks intake	1571:1594	The acidic drinks intake	1571:1594	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	13	9	theme	acidic	1248:1253	arg1	items					1255:1259	acidic items	1248:1259	acidic items	1248:1259	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	3	10	theme	food	509:512	arg1	diary					514:518	an estimated 3 d food diary	492:518	an estimated 3 d food diary	492:518	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	13	11	theme	median	1225:1230	arg1	g/d					1269:1271	203 g/d	1265:1271	203 g/d	1265:1271	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	13	11	theme	median	1225:1230	arg1	intake					1238:1243	The median daily intake	1221:1243	The median daily intake of acidic items	1221:1259	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	12	12	theme	intake	1189:1194	arg1	sugars					1206:1211	free sugars	1201:1211	free sugars	1201:1211	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	12	12	theme	intake	1189:1194	arg1	intake					1189:1194	the daily energy intake	1172:1194	the daily energy intake	1172:1194	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	12	12	theme	intake	1189:1194	arg1	%					1167:1167	20·4 %	1162:1167	20·4 % of the daily energy intake	1162:1194	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	10	13	theme	daily	971:975	arg1	7·01					995:998	7·01	995:998	7·01	995:998	The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d.
23552503	10	13	theme	daily	971:975	arg1	intake					984:989	The average daily energy intake	959:989	The average daily energy intake	959:989	The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d.
23552503	0	14	theme	dental	53:58	arg1	health					60:65	dental health	53:65	dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children	53:96	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	12	15	dep	%	1167:1167	arg1	%					1218:1218	12·6 %	1213:1218	12·6 %	1213:1218	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	11	16	from	fat	1076:1078	arg1	contributions					1031:1043	The percentage contributions	1016:1043	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate	1016:1095	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	11	16	from	fat	1076:1078	arg1	%					1105:1105	16 %	1102:1105	16 %	1102:1105	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	11	17	from	carbohydrate	1084:1095	arg1	contributions					1031:1043	The percentage contributions	1016:1043	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate	1016:1095	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	11	17	from	carbohydrate	1084:1095	arg1	%					1105:1105	16 %	1102:1105	16 %	1102:1105	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	0	18	theme	Libyan	82:87	arg1	children					89:96	12-year-old Libyan children	70:96	12-year-old Libyan children	70:96	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	2	19	theme	schoolchildren	336:349	arg1	group					320:324	a group	318:324	a group of Libyan schoolchildren	318:349	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	2	19	theme	schoolchildren	336:349	arg1	schoolchildren					336:349	Libyan schoolchildren	329:349	Libyan schoolchildren	329:349	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	5	20	theme	acidic	682:687	arg1	items					689:693	acidic items	682:693	acidic items	682:693	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	8	21	theme	eighty	840:845	arg1	children					847:854	eighty children	840:854	eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls)	840:895	RESULTS One hundred and eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls) completed the study.
23552503	14	22	from	differences	1348:1358	arg1	intakes					1372:1378	nutrient intakes	1363:1378	nutrient intakes	1363:1378	There were no statistically significant differences in nutrient intakes between genders.
23552503	11	23	from	protein	1067:1073	arg1	contributions					1031:1043	The percentage contributions	1016:1043	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate	1016:1095	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	11	23	from	protein	1067:1073	arg1	%					1105:1105	16 %	1102:1105	16 %	1102:1105	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	0	24	theme	Nutrient	0:7	arg1	intake					9:14	Nutrient intake	0:14	Nutrient intake	0:14	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	17	25	theme	intake	1716:1721	arg1	%					1704:1704	10 %	1701:1704	10 % of energy intake	1701:1721	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	17	25	theme	intake	1716:1721	arg1	intake					1716:1721	energy intake	1709:1721	energy intake	1709:1721	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	14	26	theme	significant	1336:1346	arg1	differences					1348:1358	no statistically significant differences	1319:1358	no statistically significant differences in nutrient intakes between genders	1319:1394	There were no statistically significant differences in nutrient intakes between genders.
23552503	3	27	theme	DESIGN	414:419	arg1	information					429:439	DESIGN Dietary information	414:439	DESIGN Dietary information	414:439	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	12	28	theme	Total	1137:1141	arg1	sugars					1143:1148	Total sugars	1137:1148	Total sugars	1137:1148	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	5	29	theme	purpose-written	726:740	arg1	programs					742:749	purpose-written programs	726:749	purpose-written programs	726:749	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	17	30	theme	sugars	1648:1653	arg1	intake					1655:1660	free sugars intake	1643:1660	free sugars intake	1643:1660	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	17	31	theme	drinks	1582:1587	arg1	low					1600:1602	low	1600:1602	low	1600:1602	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	17	31	theme	drinks	1582:1587	arg1	intake					1589:1594	The acidic drinks intake	1571:1594	The acidic drinks intake	1571:1594	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	0	32	theme	relevance	40:48	arg1	intake					9:14	Nutrient intake	0:14	Nutrient intake	0:14	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	0	32	theme	relevance	40:48	arg1	patterns					28:35	dietary patterns	20:35	dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children	20:96	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	11	33	theme	percentage	1020:1029	arg1	contributions					1031:1043	The percentage contributions	1016:1043	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate	1016:1095	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	11	33	theme	percentage	1020:1029	arg1	%					1105:1105	16 %	1102:1105	16 %	1102:1105	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	13	34	theme	acidic	1281:1286	arg1	drinks					1288:1293	acidic drinks	1281:1293	acidic drinks	1281:1293	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	1	35	theme	free	184:187	arg1	sugars					189:194	free sugars	184:194	free sugars	184:194	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	3	36	theme	selected	470:477	arg1	sample					479:484	a randomly selected sample	459:484	a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary	459:518	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	16	37	theme	nutrition	1549:1557	arg1	guidelines					1559:1568	global nutrition guidelines	1542:1568	global nutrition guidelines	1542:1568	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients was in accordance with global nutrition guidelines.
23552503	17	38	theme	other	1618:1622	arg1	populations					1624:1634	other populations	1618:1634	other populations	1618:1634	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	4	39	theme	composition	556:566	arg1	tables					568:573	food composition tables	551:573	food composition tables	551:573	Dietary data were coded using food composition tables and entered into a Microsoft® Access database.
23552503	15	40	theme	P	1441:1441	arg1	0·001					1445:1449	P < 0·001	1441:1449	P < 0·001	1441:1449	Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).
23552503	15	40	theme	P	1441:1441	arg1	girls					1434:1438	girls	1434:1438	girls (P < 0·001)	1434:1450	Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).
23552503	4	41	theme	Dietary	521:527	arg1	data					529:532	Dietary data	521:532	Dietary data	521:532	Dietary data were coded using food composition tables and entered into a Microsoft® Access database.
23552503	3	42	theme	estimated	495:503	arg1	diary					514:518	an estimated 3 d food diary	492:518	an estimated 3 d food diary	492:518	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	16	43	from	macronutrients	1504:1517	arg1	contribution					1469:1480	The contribution	1465:1480	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients	1453:1517	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients was in accordance with global nutrition guidelines.
23552503	15	44	theme	items	1414:1418	arg1	Intake					1397:1402	Intake	1397:1402	Intake of acidic items	1397:1418	Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).
23552503	8	45	dep	children	847:854	arg1	girls					890:894	eighty-eight girls	877:894	eighty-eight girls	877:894	RESULTS One hundred and eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls) completed the study.
23552503	8	45	dep	children	847:854	arg1	boys					868:871	ninety-two boys	857:871	ninety-two boys	857:871	RESULTS One hundred and eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls) completed the study.
23552503	4	46	theme	Microsoft®	594:603	arg1	database					612:619	a Microsoft® Access database	592:619	a Microsoft® Access database	592:619	Dietary data were coded using food composition tables and entered into a Microsoft® Access database.
23552503	2	47	theme	eating	271:276	arg1	habits					278:283	eating habits	271:283	eating habits of relevance to dental health	271:313	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	5	48	theme	macronutrients	641:654	arg1	Intakes					622:628	Intakes	622:628	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed	622:702	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	2	49	theme	macronutrients	252:265	arg1	habits					278:283	eating habits	271:283	eating habits of relevance to dental health	271:313	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	2	49	theme	macronutrients	252:265	arg1	intake					242:247	the intake	238:247	the intake of macronutrients	238:265	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	7	50	theme	aged	801:804	arg1	Schoolchildren					786:799	Schoolchildren	786:799	Schoolchildren aged 12 years	786:813	SUBJECTS Schoolchildren aged 12 years.
23552503	6	51	dep	Libya	770:774	arg1	SETTING					752:758	SETTING	752:758	SETTING	752:758	SETTING Benghazi, Libya.
23552503	13	52	theme	items	1255:1259	arg1	g/d					1269:1271	203 g/d	1265:1271	203 g/d	1265:1271	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	13	52	theme	items	1255:1259	arg1	intake					1238:1243	The median daily intake	1221:1243	The median daily intake of acidic items	1221:1259	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	5	53	theme	sugars	657:662	arg1	Intakes					622:628	Intakes	622:628	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed	622:702	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	12	54	theme	free	1201:1204	arg1	sugars					1206:1211	free sugars	1201:1211	free sugars	1201:1211	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	16	55	theme	energy	1485:1490	arg1	intake					1492:1497	energy intake	1485:1497	energy intake	1485:1497	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients was in accordance with global nutrition guidelines.
23552503	13	56	theme	daily	1232:1236	arg1	g/d					1269:1271	203 g/d	1265:1271	203 g/d	1265:1271	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	13	56	theme	daily	1232:1236	arg1	intake					1238:1243	The median daily intake	1221:1243	The median daily intake of acidic items	1221:1259	The median daily intake of acidic items was 203 g/d, and of acidic drinks was 146 g/d.
23552503	5	57	theme	energy	633:638	arg1	Intakes					622:628	Intakes	622:628	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed	622:702	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	10	58	theme	energy	977:982	arg1	7·01					995:998	7·01	995:998	7·01	995:998	The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d.
23552503	10	58	theme	energy	977:982	arg1	intake					984:989	The average daily energy intake	959:989	The average daily energy intake	959:989	The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d.
23552503	1	59	theme	few	119:121	arg1	data					123:126	few data	119:126	few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake	119:201	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	3	60	theme	d	507:507	arg1	diary					514:518	an estimated 3 d food diary	492:518	an estimated 3 d food diary	492:518	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	12	61	theme	energy	1182:1187	arg1	intake					1189:1194	the daily energy intake	1172:1194	the daily energy intake	1172:1194	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	5	62	theme	items	689:693	arg1	energy					633:638	energy	633:638	energy	633:638	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	5	62	theme	items	689:693	arg1	items					689:693	acidic items	682:693	acidic items	682:693	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	5	62	theme	items	689:693	arg1	sugars					657:662	sugars	657:662	sugars	657:662	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	5	62	theme	items	689:693	arg1	amount					672:677	the amount	668:677	the amount of acidic items consumed	668:702	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	5	62	theme	items	689:693	arg1	macronutrients					641:654	macronutrients	641:654	macronutrients	641:654	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	10	63	theme	average	963:969	arg1	7·01					995:998	7·01	995:998	7·01	995:998	The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d.
23552503	10	63	theme	average	963:969	arg1	intake					984:989	The average daily energy intake	959:989	The average daily energy intake	959:989	The average daily energy intake was 7·01 (sd 1·54) MJ/d.
23552503	2	64	theme	present	208:214	arg1	study					216:220	The present study	204:220	The present study	204:220	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	1	65	from	Libya	165:169	arg1	intake					143:148	the dietary intake	131:148	the dietary intake of children in Libya	131:169	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	1	66	dep	OBJECTIVE	99:107	arg1	are					115:117	are	115:117	are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake	115:201	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	5	67	theme	amount	672:677	arg1	Intakes					622:628	Intakes	622:628	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed	622:702	Intakes of energy, macronutrients, sugars and the amount of acidic items consumed were determined using purpose-written programs.
23552503	0	68	theme	12-year-old	70:80	arg1	children					89:96	12-year-old Libyan children	70:96	12-year-old Libyan children	70:96	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	17	69	theme	recommended	1676:1686	arg1	threshold					1688:1696	the recommended threshold	1672:1696	the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake	1672:1721	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	1	70	from	children	153:160	arg1	Libya					165:169	Libya	165:169	Libya	165:169	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	1	71	theme	dietary	135:141	arg1	intake					143:148	the dietary intake	131:148	the dietary intake of children in Libya	131:169	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	0	72	theme	children	89:96	arg1	health					60:65	dental health	53:65	dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children	53:96	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	1	73	from	intake	143:148	arg1	Libya					165:169	Libya	165:169	Libya	165:169	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	17	74	theme	%	1704:1704	arg1	threshold					1688:1696	the recommended threshold	1672:1696	the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake	1672:1721	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	14	75	theme	nutrient	1363:1370	arg1	intakes					1372:1378	nutrient intakes	1363:1378	nutrient intakes	1363:1378	There were no statistically significant differences in nutrient intakes between genders.
23552503	2	76	theme	Libyan	329:334	arg1	schoolchildren					336:349	Libyan schoolchildren	329:349	Libyan schoolchildren	329:349	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	17	77	theme	energy	1709:1714	arg1	intake					1716:1721	energy intake	1709:1721	energy intake	1709:1721	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	1	78	from	data	123:126	arg1	none					176:179	none	176:179	none	176:179	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	1	78	from	data	123:126	arg1	intake					143:148	the dietary intake	131:148	the dietary intake of children in Libya	131:169	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	12	79	theme	daily	1176:1180	arg1	intake					1189:1194	the daily energy intake	1172:1194	the daily energy intake	1172:1194	Total sugars contributed 20·4 % of the daily energy intake, and free sugars 12·6 %.
23552503	1	80	dep	intake	143:148	arg1	intake					196:201	intake	196:201	intake	196:201	OBJECTIVE There are few data on the dietary intake of children in Libya, and none on free sugars intake.
23552503	0	81	theme	dietary	20:26	arg1	patterns					28:35	dietary patterns	20:35	dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children	20:96	Nutrient intake and dietary patterns of relevance to dental health of 12-year-old Libyan children.
23552503	2	82	theme	gender	374:379	arg1	differences					381:391	any gender differences	370:391	any gender differences for these variables	370:411	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	3	83	theme	Dietary	421:427	arg1	information					429:439	DESIGN Dietary information	414:439	DESIGN Dietary information	414:439	DESIGN Dietary information was obtained from a randomly selected sample using an estimated 3 d food diary.
23552503	17	84	theme	free	1643:1646	arg1	intake					1655:1660	free sugars intake	1643:1660	free sugars intake	1643:1660	The acidic drinks intake was low compared with other populations, while free sugars intake was above the recommended threshold of 10 % of energy intake.
23552503	8	85	dep	RESULTS	816:822	arg1	One					824:826	One hundred	824:834	One hundred	824:834	RESULTS One hundred and eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls) completed the study.
23552503	8	85	dep	RESULTS	816:822	arg1	children					847:854	eighty children	840:854	eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls)	840:895	RESULTS One hundred and eighty children (ninety-two boys and eighty-eight girls) completed the study.
23552503	2	86	theme	relevance	288:296	arg1	habits					278:283	eating habits	271:283	eating habits of relevance to dental health	271:313	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	2	86	theme	relevance	288:296	arg1	intake					242:247	the intake	238:247	the intake of macronutrients	238:265	The present study aimed to report the intake of macronutrients and eating habits of relevance to dental health in a group of Libyan schoolchildren and to investigate any gender differences for these variables.
23552503	4	87	theme	food	551:554	arg1	tables					568:573	food composition tables	551:573	food composition tables	551:573	Dietary data were coded using food composition tables and entered into a Microsoft® Access database.
23552503	15	88	theme	<	1443:1443	arg1	0·001					1445:1449	P < 0·001	1441:1449	P < 0·001	1441:1449	Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).
23552503	15	88	theme	<	1443:1443	arg1	girls					1434:1438	girls	1434:1438	girls (P < 0·001)	1434:1450	Intake of acidic items was higher in girls (P < 0·001).
23552503	11	89	theme	energy	1048:1053	arg1	intake					1055:1060	energy intake	1048:1060	energy intake	1048:1060	The percentage contributions to energy intake from protein, fat and carbohydrate were 16 %, 30 % and 54 %, respectively.
23552503	7	90	dep	Schoolchildren	786:799	arg1	SUBJECTS					777:784	SUBJECTS	777:784	SUBJECTS	777:784	SUBJECTS Schoolchildren aged 12 years.
23552503	16	91	theme	global	1542:1547	arg1	guidelines					1559:1568	global nutrition guidelines	1542:1568	global nutrition guidelines	1542:1568	CONCLUSIONS The contribution to energy intake from macronutrients was in accordance with global nutrition guidelines.
25936500	0	0	theme	wound	93:97	arg1	healing					99:105	wound healing	93:105	wound healing	93:105	Composite alginate and gelatin based bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing.
25936500	1	1	dep	sulfadiazine	244:255	arg1	SSD					258:260	SSD	258:260	SSD	258:260	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	1	dep	sulfadiazine	244:255	arg1	w/w					268:270	0.1% w/w	263:270	0.1% w/w	263:270	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	6	2	theme	gel	1204:1206	arg1	formulation					1208:1218	gel formulation	1204:1218	gel formulation	1204:1218	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	4	3	theme	drug	814:817	arg1	properties					831:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties	801:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers	801:875	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	3	4	theme	optimal	753:759	arg1	formulations					761:772	the optimal formulations	749:772	the optimal formulations for drug loading	749:789	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	4	5	theme	wafers	870:875	arg1	properties					831:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties	801:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers	801:875	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	2	6	dep	transform	421:429	arg1	infrared					431:438	infrared	431:438	infrared	431:438	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	0	7	contain	containing	58:67	arg1	wafers					51:56	bio-polymeric wafers	37:56	bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing	37:105	Composite alginate and gelatin based bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing.
25936500	0	7	contain	containing	58:67	arg2	sulfadiazine					76:87	silver sulfadiazine	69:87	silver sulfadiazine for wound healing	69:105	Composite alginate and gelatin based bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing.
25936500	2	8	theme	X-ray	464:468	arg1	XRD					483:485	XRD	483:485	XRD	483:485	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	2	8	theme	X-ray	464:468	arg1	diffraction					470:480	X-ray diffraction	464:480	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	464:486	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	2	9	dep	Fourier	413:419	arg1	transform					421:429	transform	421:429	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	421:585	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	1	10	from	application	307:317	arg1	wounds					339:344	infected chronic wounds	322:344	infected chronic wounds	322:344	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	8	11	theme	7h	1445:1446	arg1	period					1448:1453	a 7h period	1443:1453	a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds	1443:1519	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	7	12	theme	optimal	1344:1350	arg1	mucoadhesivity					1352:1365	optimal mucoadhesivity	1344:1365	optimal mucoadhesivity	1344:1365	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	6	13	theme	hydrogen	1001:1008	arg1	bonding					1010:1016	hydrogen bonding	1001:1016	hydrogen bonding	1001:1016	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	3	14	theme	texture	656:662	arg1	analyzer					664:671	texture analyzer	656:671	texture analyzer	656:671	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	15	dep	characteristics	599:613	arg1	adhesion					641:648	adhesion	641:648	adhesion	641:648	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	15	dep	characteristics	599:613	arg1	hardness					628:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	15	dep	characteristics	599:613	arg1	characteristics					599:613	Functional characteristics	588:613	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers	588:712	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	4	16	theme	in	805:806	arg1	properties					831:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties	801:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers	801:875	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	5	17	from	increase	909:916	arg1	hardness					921:928	hardness	921:928	hardness	921:928	There was an increase in hardness and a decrease in mucoadhesion with increasing GE content.
25936500	5	17	from	increase	909:916	arg1	mucoadhesion					948:959	mucoadhesion	948:959	mucoadhesion	948:959	There was an increase in hardness and a decrease in mucoadhesion with increasing GE content.
25936500	1	18	theme	potential	297:305	arg1	application					307:317	potential application	297:317	potential application on infected chronic wounds	297:344	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	2	19	theme	electron	561:568	arg1	SEM					582:584	SEM	582:584	SEM	582:584	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	2	19	theme	electron	561:568	arg1	microscopy					570:579	scanning electron microscopy	552:579	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	552:585	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	6	20	theme	GE	1084:1085	arg1	amide					1075:1079	amide	1075:1079	amide	1075:1079	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	6	20	theme	GE	1084:1085	arg1	SA					1068:1069	SA	1068:1069	SA	1068:1069	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	0	21	theme	Composite	0:8	arg1	alginate					10:17	Composite alginate	0:17	Composite alginate	0:17	Composite alginate and gelatin based bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing.
25936500	2	22	theme	scanning	552:559	arg1	SEM					582:584	SEM	582:584	SEM	582:584	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	2	22	theme	scanning	552:559	arg1	microscopy					570:579	scanning electron microscopy	552:579	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	552:585	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	1	23	dep	gelatin	163:169	arg1	SA/GE					211:215	0/100 SA/GE	205:215	0/100 SA/GE	205:215	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	23	dep	gelatin	163:169	arg1	50/50					191:195	50/50	191:195	50/50	191:195	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	23	dep	gelatin	163:169	arg1	0/100					177:181	0/100	177:181	0/100	177:181	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	2	24	theme	physical	377:384	arg1	form					386:389	physical form	377:389	physical form	377:389	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	1	25	theme	Lyophilized	108:118	arg1	wafers					120:125	Lyophilized wafers	108:125	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w)	108:271	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	26	theme	silver	237:242	arg1	sulfadiazine					244:255	silver sulfadiazine	237:255	silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w)	237:271	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	8	27	theme	bacterial	1483:1491	arg1	load					1493:1496	bacterial load	1483:1496	bacterial load	1483:1496	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	2	28	theme	Polymer-drug	347:358	arg1	interactions					360:371	Polymer-drug interactions	347:371	Polymer-drug interactions	347:371	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	0	29	theme	bio-polymeric	37:49	arg1	wafers					51:56	bio-polymeric wafers	37:56	bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing	37:105	Composite alginate and gelatin based bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing.
25936500	8	30	theme	infected	1505:1512	arg1	wounds					1514:1519	infected wounds	1505:1519	infected wounds	1505:1519	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	4	31	dep	in	805:806	arg1	vitro					808:812	vitro	808:812	vitro	808:812	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	3	32	theme	Functional	588:597	arg1	adhesion					641:648	adhesion	641:648	adhesion	641:648	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	32	theme	Functional	588:597	arg1	hardness					628:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	32	theme	Functional	588:597	arg1	characteristics					599:613	Functional characteristics	588:613	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers	588:712	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	5	33	from	decrease	936:943	arg1	hardness					921:928	hardness	921:928	hardness	921:928	There was an increase in hardness and a decrease in mucoadhesion with increasing GE content.
25936500	5	33	from	decrease	936:943	arg1	mucoadhesion					948:959	mucoadhesion	948:959	mucoadhesion	948:959	There was an increase in hardness and a decrease in mucoadhesion with increasing GE content.
25936500	3	34	theme	wafers	707:712	arg1	adhesion					641:648	adhesion	641:648	adhesion	641:648	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	34	theme	wafers	707:712	arg1	hardness					628:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	34	theme	wafers	707:712	arg1	characteristics					599:613	Functional characteristics	588:613	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers	588:712	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	4	35	theme	selected	849:856	arg1	wafers					870:875	two selected drug loaded wafers	845:875	two selected drug loaded wafers	845:875	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	1	36	theme	infected	322:329	arg1	wounds					339:344	infected chronic wounds	322:344	infected chronic wounds	322:344	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	7	37	theme	due	1316:1318	arg1	formulations					1276:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	7	37	theme	due	1316:1318	arg1	formulations					1303:1314	the ideal formulations	1293:1314	the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration	1293:1379	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	3	38	theme	blank	701:705	arg1	wafers					707:712	blank wafers	701:712	blank wafers	701:712	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	8	39	dep	loaded	1391:1396	arg1	drug					1386:1389	drug	1386:1389	drug	1386:1389	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	2	40	theme	morphological	509:521	arg1	structure					523:531	morphological structure	509:531	morphological structure	509:531	Polymer-drug interactions and physical form were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, while morphological structure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25936500	1	41	theme	chronic	331:337	arg1	wounds					339:344	infected chronic wounds	322:344	infected chronic wounds	322:344	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	6	42	theme	SA	1068:1069	arg1	carboxyl					1056:1063	carboxyl	1056:1063	carboxyl of SA and amide of GE	1056:1085	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	4	43	dep	loaded	863:868	arg1	drug					858:861	drug	858:861	drug	858:861	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	8	44	theme	SSD	1434:1436	arg1	release					1423:1429	controlled release	1412:1429	controlled release of SSD	1412:1436	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	7	45	theme	ideal	1297:1301	arg1	formulations					1276:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	7	45	theme	ideal	1297:1301	arg1	formulations					1303:1314	the ideal formulations	1293:1314	the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration	1293:1379	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	1	46	theme	sodium	138:143	arg1	alginate					145:152	sodium alginate	138:152	sodium alginate (SA)	138:157	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	46	theme	sodium	138:143	arg1	SA					155:156	SA	155:156	SA	155:156	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	47	theme	0.1	263:265	arg1	%					266:266	%	266:266	%	266:266	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	3	48	theme	mechanical	617:626	arg1	hardness					628:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	mechanical hardness	617:635	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	48	theme	mechanical	617:626	arg1	characteristics					599:613	Functional characteristics	588:613	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers	588:712	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	3	49	theme	swelling	678:685	arg1	capacity					687:694	swelling capacity	678:694	swelling capacity	678:694	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	6	50	theme	amide	1075:1079	arg1	carboxyl					1056:1063	carboxyl	1056:1063	carboxyl of SA and amide of GE	1056:1085	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	4	51	theme	dissolution	819:829	arg1	properties					831:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties	801:840	the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers	801:875	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25936500	5	52	theme	GE	977:978	arg1	content					980:986	GE content	977:986	GE content	977:986	There was an increase in hardness and a decrease in mucoadhesion with increasing GE content.
25936500	8	53	theme	loaded	1391:1396	arg1	wafers					1398:1403	The drug loaded wafers	1382:1403	The drug loaded wafers	1382:1403	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	8	54	theme	controlled	1412:1421	arg1	release					1423:1429	controlled release	1412:1429	controlled release of SSD	1412:1436	The drug loaded wafers showed controlled release of SSD over a 7h period which is expected to reduce bacterial load within infected wounds.
25936500	7	55	theme	75/25	1264:1268	arg1	formulations					1276:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	7	55	theme	75/25	1264:1268	arg1	formulations					1303:1314	the ideal formulations	1293:1314	the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration	1293:1379	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	3	56	theme	drug	778:781	arg1	loading					783:789	drug loading	778:789	drug loading	778:789	Functional characteristics [(mechanical hardness and adhesion using texture analyzer, and swelling capacity)] of blank wafers were determined in order to select the optimal formulations for drug loading.
25936500	0	57	theme	silver	69:74	arg1	sulfadiazine					76:87	silver sulfadiazine	69:87	silver sulfadiazine for wound healing	69:105	Composite alginate and gelatin based bio-polymeric wafers containing silver sulfadiazine for wound healing.
25936500	1	58	theme	%	266:266	arg1	SSD					258:260	SSD	258:260	SSD	258:260	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	1	58	theme	%	266:266	arg1	w/w					268:270	0.1% w/w	263:270	0.1% w/w	263:270	Lyophilized wafers comprising sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (GE) (0/100, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 SA/GE, respectively) with silver sulfadiazine (SSD, 0.1% w/w) have been developed for potential application on infected chronic wounds.
25936500	7	59	theme	SA/GE	1270:1274	arg1	formulations					1276:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	75/25 SA/GE formulations	1264:1287	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	7	59	theme	SA/GE	1270:1274	arg1	formulations					1303:1314	the ideal formulations	1293:1314	the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration	1293:1379	The results suggest that 75/25 SA/GE formulations are the ideal formulations due to their uniformity and optimal mucoadhesivity and hydration.
25936500	6	60	theme	electrostatic	1022:1034	arg1	interaction					1036:1046	electrostatic interaction	1022:1046	electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE	1022:1085	FTIR showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between carboxyl of SA and amide of GE but no interaction between the polymers and drug was observed, with XRD showing that SSD remained crystalline during gel formulation and freeze-drying.
25936500	4	61	theme	loaded	863:868	arg1	wafers					870:875	two selected drug loaded wafers	845:875	two selected drug loaded wafers	845:875	Finally, the in vitro drug dissolution properties of two selected drug loaded wafers were investigated.
25382222	8	0	theme	HBEO	1312:1315	arg1	amount					1317:1322	the HBEO amount	1308:1322	the HBEO amount reaching the intestine	1308:1345	Therefore, the HBEO amount reaching the intestine can be controlled using the optimal encapsulation system.
25382222	7	1	dep	results	1149:1155	arg1	determined					1157:1166	determined	1157:1166	results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid	1149:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	5	2	theme	confocal	847:854	arg1	microscopy					871:880	confocal laser scanning microscopy	847:880	confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)	847:887	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	5	2	theme	confocal	847:854	arg1	CLSM					883:886	CLSM	883:886	CLSM	883:886	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	5	3	from	networks	946:953	arg1	microcapsules					962:974	the microcapsules	958:974	the microcapsules	958:974	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	7	4	theme	CB	1203:1204	arg1	microcapsules					1206:1218	CC and CB microcapsules	1196:1218	CC and CB microcapsules	1196:1218	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	7	5	theme	UV-vis	1106:1111	arg1	spectrophotometer					1113:1129	UV-vis spectrophotometer	1106:1129	UV-vis spectrophotometer	1106:1129	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	2	6	from	amount	288:293	arg1	tract					319:323	the gastrointestinal tract	298:323	the gastrointestinal tract	298:323	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	7	theme	gastrointestinal	302:317	arg1	tract					319:323	the gastrointestinal tract	298:323	the gastrointestinal tract	298:323	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	5	8	from	distributions	914:926	arg1	networks					946:953	honeycomb-like networks	931:953	honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules	931:974	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	3	9	theme	cellulose-beeswax	576:592	arg1	CB					605:606	CB	605:606	CB	605:606	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	9	theme	cellulose-beeswax	576:592	arg1	composite					594:602	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite	553:602	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB)	553:607	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	10	theme	aluminum	495:502	arg1	CC					529:530	CC	529:530	CC	529:530	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	10	theme	aluminum	495:502	arg1	cellulose					518:526	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose	495:526	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC)	495:531	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	5	11	theme	HBEO	909:912	arg1	distributions					914:926	nonuniform HBEO distributions	898:926	nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules	898:974	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	4	12	theme	radical	703:709	arg1	scavenging					711:720	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging	673:720	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity	673:729	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	1	13	theme	oil	44:46	arg1	delivery					48:55	essential oil delivery	34:55	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin	34:101	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	4	14	dep	efficiency	643:652	arg1	The					625:627	The	625:627	The	625:627	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	3	15	theme	carboxymethyl	504:516	arg1	CC					529:530	CC	529:530	CC	529:530	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	15	theme	carboxymethyl	504:516	arg1	cellulose					518:526	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose	495:526	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC)	495:531	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	16	theme	gelatin	452:458	arg1	microcapsules					460:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules	440:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC)	440:477	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	16	theme	gelatin	452:458	arg1	UC					475:476	UC	475:476	UC	475:476	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	7	17	dep	spectrophotometer	1113:1129	arg1	analyses					1140:1147	analyses	1140:1147	analyses	1140:1147	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	6	18	theme	UC	1023:1024	arg1	microcapsules					1033:1045	UC and CC microcapsules	1023:1045	UC and CC microcapsules	1023:1045	An X-ray diffraction analysis determined that UC and CC microcapsules were amorphous, but CB microcapsules were semicrystalline.
25382222	5	19	theme	honeycomb-like	931:944	arg1	networks					946:953	honeycomb-like networks	931:953	honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules	931:974	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	5	20	theme	laser	856:860	arg1	microscopy					871:880	confocal laser scanning microscopy	847:880	confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)	847:887	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	5	20	theme	laser	856:860	arg1	CLSM					883:886	CLSM	883:886	CLSM	883:886	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	1	21	dep	microcapsules	103:115	arg1	coated					117:122	coated	117:122	microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax	103:172	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	7	22	from	microcapsules	1252:1264	arg1	amounts					1231:1237	greater amounts	1223:1237	greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid	1223:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	7	22	from	microcapsules	1252:1264	arg1	fluid					1290:1294	simulated intestinal fluid	1269:1294	simulated intestinal fluid	1269:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	1	23	theme	swine	60:64	arg1	tract					83:87	swine gastrointestinal tract	60:87	swine gastrointestinal tract	60:87	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	5	24	theme	Scanning	814:821	arg1	microscopy					832:841	Scanning electron microscopy	814:841	Scanning electron microscopy	814:841	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	0	25	theme	Holy	0:3	arg1	Linn					27:30	Linn	27:30	Linn	27:30	Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.)
25382222	0	25	theme	Holy	0:3	arg1	basil					5:9	Holy basil	0:9	Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.)	0:32	Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.)
25382222	1	26	theme	gastrointestinal	66:81	arg1	tract					83:87	swine gastrointestinal tract	60:87	swine gastrointestinal tract	60:87	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	3	27	theme	release	387:393	arg1	properties					395:404	the release properties	383:404	the release properties of three different microcapsules	383:437	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	5	28	theme	nonuniform	898:907	arg1	distributions					914:926	nonuniform HBEO distributions	898:926	nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules	898:974	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	3	29	theme	microcapsules	425:437	arg1	properties					395:404	the release properties	383:404	the release properties of three different microcapsules	383:437	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	29	theme	microcapsules	425:437	arg1	UC					538:539	UC	538:539	UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB)	538:607	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	29	theme	microcapsules	425:437	arg1	microcapsules					460:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules	440:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC)	440:477	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	29	theme	microcapsules	425:437	arg1	UC					475:476	UC	475:476	UC	475:476	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	29	theme	microcapsules	425:437	arg1	UC					480:481	UC	480:481	UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC)	480:531	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	4	30	theme	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl	673:701	arg1	scavenging					711:720	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging	673:720	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity	673:729	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	2	31	theme	basil	180:184	arg1	oil					196:198	Holy basil essential oil	175:198	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO)	175:205	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	31	theme	basil	180:184	arg1	additive					232:239	additive	232:239	additive	232:239	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	31	theme	basil	180:184	arg1	HBEO					201:204	HBEO	201:204	HBEO	201:204	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	4	32	theme	scavenging	711:720	arg1	activity					722:729	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity	673:729	2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity	673:729	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	4	33	theme	encapsulation	629:641	arg1	efficiency					643:652	encapsulation efficiency	629:652	encapsulation efficiency	629:652	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	7	34	theme	simulated	1269:1277	arg1	fluid					1290:1294	simulated intestinal fluid	1269:1294	simulated intestinal fluid	1269:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	2	35	theme	Holy	175:178	arg1	oil					196:198	Holy basil essential oil	175:198	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO)	175:205	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	35	theme	Holy	175:178	arg1	additive					232:239	additive	232:239	additive	232:239	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	35	theme	Holy	175:178	arg1	HBEO					201:204	HBEO	201:204	HBEO	201:204	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	8	36	theme	encapsulation	1383:1395	arg1	system					1397:1402	the optimal encapsulation system	1371:1402	the optimal encapsulation system	1371:1402	Therefore, the HBEO amount reaching the intestine can be controlled using the optimal encapsulation system.
25382222	5	37	theme	electron	823:830	arg1	microscopy					832:841	Scanning electron microscopy	814:841	Scanning electron microscopy	814:841	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	7	38	theme	intestinal	1279:1288	arg1	fluid					1290:1294	simulated intestinal fluid	1269:1294	simulated intestinal fluid	1269:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	8	39	theme	optimal	1375:1381	arg1	system					1397:1402	the optimal encapsulation system	1371:1402	the optimal encapsulation system	1371:1402	Therefore, the HBEO amount reaching the intestine can be controlled using the optimal encapsulation system.
25382222	3	40	theme	different	415:423	arg1	microcapsules					425:437	three different microcapsules	409:437	three different microcapsules	409:437	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	41	theme	physicochemical	345:359	arg1	microcapsules					460:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules	440:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC)	440:477	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	41	theme	physicochemical	345:359	arg1	properties					361:370	the physicochemical properties	341:370	the physicochemical properties	341:370	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	41	theme	physicochemical	345:359	arg1	properties					395:404	the release properties	383:404	the release properties of three different microcapsules	383:437	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	41	theme	physicochemical	345:359	arg1	UC					538:539	UC	538:539	UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB)	538:607	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	41	theme	physicochemical	345:359	arg1	UC					480:481	UC	480:481	UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC)	480:531	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	6	42	theme	CB	1067:1068	arg1	microcapsules					1070:1082	CB microcapsules	1067:1082	CB microcapsules	1067:1082	An X-ray diffraction analysis determined that UC and CC microcapsules were amorphous, but CB microcapsules were semicrystalline.
25382222	5	43	theme	scanning	862:869	arg1	microscopy					871:880	confocal laser scanning microscopy	847:880	confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)	847:887	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	5	43	theme	scanning	862:869	arg1	CLSM					883:886	CLSM	883:886	CLSM	883:886	Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed nonuniform HBEO distributions in honeycomb-like networks in the microcapsules.
25382222	6	44	theme	CC	1030:1031	arg1	microcapsules					1033:1045	UC and CC microcapsules	1023:1045	UC and CC microcapsules	1023:1045	An X-ray diffraction analysis determined that UC and CC microcapsules were amorphous, but CB microcapsules were semicrystalline.
25382222	7	45	attach	released	1182:1189	arg2	HBEO					1173:1176	HBEO	1173:1176	HBEO	1173:1176	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	7	45	attach	released	1182:1189	arg1	microcapsules					1206:1218	CC and CB microcapsules	1196:1218	CC and CB microcapsules	1196:1218	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	4	46	theme	HBEO	655:658	arg1	content					660:666	HBEO content	655:666	HBEO content	655:666	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	4	47	theme	±	763:763	arg1	%					769:769	95.4 ± 0.17%	758:769	95.4 ± 0.17%	758:769	The encapsulation efficiency, HBEO content, and 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity for the microcapsules were 95.4 ± 0.17%, 66.7-67.7%, and 94.3-96.5%, respectively.
25382222	3	48	theme	carboxymethyl	562:574	arg1	CB					605:606	CB	605:606	CB	605:606	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	48	theme	carboxymethyl	562:574	arg1	composite					594:602	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite	553:602	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB)	553:607	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	49	theme	HBEO-loaded	440:450	arg1	microcapsules					460:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules	440:472	HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC)	440:477	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	49	theme	HBEO-loaded	440:450	arg1	UC					475:476	UC	475:476	UC	475:476	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	1	50	theme	essential	34:42	arg1	delivery					48:55	essential oil delivery	34:55	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin	34:101	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	2	51	theme	available	278:286	arg1	amount					288:293	the available amount	274:293	the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract	274:323	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	6	52	theme	diffraction	986:996	arg1	analysis					998:1005	An X-ray diffraction analysis	977:1005	An X-ray diffraction analysis	977:1005	An X-ray diffraction analysis determined that UC and CC microcapsules were amorphous, but CB microcapsules were semicrystalline.
25382222	2	53	theme	essential	186:194	arg1	oil					196:198	Holy basil essential oil	175:198	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO)	175:205	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	53	theme	essential	186:194	arg1	additive					232:239	additive	232:239	additive	232:239	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	2	53	theme	essential	186:194	arg1	HBEO					201:204	HBEO	201:204	HBEO	201:204	Holy basil essential oil (HBEO) can be applied as a feed additive; however, its benefits depend on the available amount in the gastrointestinal tract.
25382222	1	54	theme	aluminum	129:136	arg1	cellulose					152:160	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose	129:160	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose	129:160	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	6	55	theme	X-ray	980:984	arg1	analysis					998:1005	An X-ray diffraction analysis	977:1005	An X-ray diffraction analysis	977:1005	An X-ray diffraction analysis determined that UC and CC microcapsules were amorphous, but CB microcapsules were semicrystalline.
25382222	3	56	theme	aluminum	553:560	arg1	CB					605:606	CB	605:606	CB	605:606	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	3	56	theme	aluminum	553:560	arg1	composite					594:602	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite	553:602	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB)	553:607	In this study, the physicochemical properties, including the release properties of three different microcapsules, HBEO-loaded gelatin microcapsules (UC), UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose (CC), and UC coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose-beeswax composite (CB), were compared.
25382222	7	57	theme	UC	1249:1250	arg1	microcapsules					1252:1264	UC microcapsules	1249:1264	UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid	1249:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	1	58	theme	carboxymethyl	138:150	arg1	cellulose					152:160	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose	129:160	aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose	129:160	essential oil delivery to swine gastrointestinal tract using gelatin microcapsules coated with aluminum carboxymethyl cellulose and beeswax.
25382222	7	59	theme	greater	1223:1229	arg1	amounts					1231:1237	greater amounts	1223:1237	greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid	1223:1294	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
25382222	7	60	theme	CC	1196:1197	arg1	microcapsules					1206:1218	CC and CB microcapsules	1196:1218	CC and CB microcapsules	1196:1218	UV-vis spectrophotometer and CLSM analyses results determined that HBEO was released from CC and CB microcapsules in greater amounts than from UC microcapsules in simulated intestinal fluid.
27173923	1	0	theme	Autoimmune	69:78	arg1	Disease					93:99	Autoimmune and Allergic Disease	69:99	Autoimmune and Allergic Disease	69:99	A Role for Gut LPS Variants in Driving Autoimmune and Allergic Disease.
27173923	3	1	theme	microbiome	296:305	arg1	composition					262:272	the composition	258:272	the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide,	258:363	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	3	2	theme	disease	413:419	arg1	onset					380:384	the onset	376:384	the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease	376:419	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	0	3	dep	Got	11:13	arg1	What					0:3	What	0:3	What	0:3	What's LPS Got to Do with It?
27173923	3	4	theme	early-life	281:290	arg1	microbiome					296:305	the early-life gut microbiome	277:305	the early-life gut microbiome	277:305	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	3	4	theme	early-life	281:290	arg1	species					327:333	those species	321:333	particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide	308:362	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	2	5	contain	have	159:162	arg1	communities					116:126	The bacterial communities	102:126	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies	102:157	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies have a profound influence on our health.
27173923	2	5	contain	have	159:162	arg2	influence					175:183	a profound influence	164:183	a profound influence	164:183	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies have a profound influence on our health.
27173923	1	6	theme	Gut	41:43	arg1	Variants					49:56	Gut LPS Variants	41:56	Gut LPS Variants	41:56	A Role for Gut LPS Variants in Driving Autoimmune and Allergic Disease.
27173923	1	7	theme	Allergic	84:91	arg1	Disease					93:99	Autoimmune and Allergic Disease	69:99	Autoimmune and Allergic Disease	69:99	A Role for Gut LPS Variants in Driving Autoimmune and Allergic Disease.
27173923	3	8	from	paper	209:213	arg1	Cell					218:221	Cell	218:221	Cell	218:221	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	2	9	theme	profound	166:173	arg1	influence					175:183	a profound influence	164:183	a profound influence	164:183	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies have a profound influence on our health.
27173923	3	10	theme	gut	292:294	arg1	microbiome					296:305	the early-life gut microbiome	277:305	the early-life gut microbiome	277:305	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	3	10	theme	gut	292:294	arg1	species					327:333	those species	321:333	particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide	308:362	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	1	11	theme	LPS	45:47	arg1	Variants					49:56	Gut LPS Variants	41:56	Gut LPS Variants	41:56	A Role for Gut LPS Variants in Driving Autoimmune and Allergic Disease.
27173923	2	12	theme	bacterial	106:114	arg1	communities					116:126	The bacterial communities	102:126	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies	102:157	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies have a profound influence on our health.
27173923	3	13	theme	autoimmune	389:398	arg1	disease					413:419	autoimmune and allergic disease	389:419	autoimmune and allergic disease	389:419	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	3	14	theme	new	205:207	arg1	paper					209:213	a new paper	203:213	a new paper in Cell	203:221	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	2	15	dep	live	133:136	arg1	communities					116:126	The bacterial communities	102:126	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies	102:157	The bacterial communities that live in and on our bodies have a profound influence on our health.
27173923	3	16	theme	allergic	404:411	arg1	disease					413:419	autoimmune and allergic disease	389:419	autoimmune and allergic disease	389:419	In a new paper in Cell, Vatanen et al. (2016) report that the composition of the early-life gut microbiome, particularly those species producing lipopolysaccharide, influences the onset of autoimmune and allergic disease.
27173923	0	17	theme	LPS	7:9	arg1	Got					11:13	What's LPS Got	0:13	What's LPS Got	0:13	What's LPS Got to Do with It?
27496766	0	0	theme	glycoprotein	73:84	arg1	glucosyltransferases					86:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	3	1	theme	quality	495:501	arg1	system					511:516	the glycoprotein quality control system	478:516	the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER	478:526	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	5	2	theme	enzyme	841:846	arg1	enzyme					841:846	the full-length enzyme	825:846	the full-length enzyme	825:846	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	5	2	theme	enzyme	841:846	arg1	%					820:820	approximately 20%	804:820	approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme	804:846	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	3	3	theme	control	503:509	arg1	system					511:516	the glycoprotein quality control system	478:516	the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER	478:526	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	4	4	theme	human	548:552	arg1	HUGT2					561:565	HUGT2	561:565	HUGT2	561:565	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	4	4	theme	human	548:552	arg1	UGGT2					554:558	human UGGT2	548:558	human UGGT2 (HUGT2)	548:566	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	4	4	theme	human	548:552	arg1	homolog					604:610	an inactive homolog	592:610	an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1)	592:633	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	0	5	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	activity					43:50	catalytic activity	33:50	catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	33:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	5	6	theme	sequence	872:879	arg1	identity					881:888	high amino acid sequence identity	856:888	high amino acid sequence identity (>85%)	856:895	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	5	6	theme	sequence	872:879	arg1	%					894:894	>85%	891:894	>85%	891:894	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	0	7	theme	glucosyltransferases	86:105	arg1	activity					43:50	catalytic activity	33:50	catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	33:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	6	8	theme	HUGT1/HUGT2	1052:1062	arg1	chimeras					1064:1071	recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras	1024:1071	chimeras	1064:1071	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	8	9	theme	HUGT1	1251:1255	arg1	activity					1239:1246	the activity	1235:1246	the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2,	1235:1279	While the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2, was enhanced by the presence of N-terminal domains, activities of catalytic domains are similar between two homologs.
27496766	3	10	from	system	511:516	arg1	ER					525:526	the ER	521:526	the ER	521:526	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	1	11	dep	-glucose	133:140	arg1	glucosyltransferase					155:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase	142:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1	142:182	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	11	dep	-glucose	133:140	arg1	protein					197:203	a soluble protein	187:203	a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	187:297	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	4	12	theme	recent	648:653	arg1	study					655:659	our recent study	644:659	our recent study	644:659	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	6	13	theme	recombinant	1024:1034	arg1	HUGT1/HUGT2					1036:1046	recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras	1024:1071	HUGT1/HUGT2	1036:1046	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	5	14	theme	C-terminal	760:769	arg1	region					781:786	C-terminal catalytic region	760:786	C-terminal catalytic region	760:786	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	3	15	theme	folding	460:466	arg1	sensor					468:473	a folding sensor	458:473	a folding sensor	458:473	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	3	15	theme	folding	460:466	arg1	UGGT1					444:448	UGGT1	444:448	UGGT1	444:448	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	6	16	theme	full-length	1078:1088	arg1	enzymes					1090:1096	full-length enzymes	1078:1096	full-length enzymes	1078:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	2	17	theme	high-mannose-type	398:414	arg1	glycans					416:422	their high-mannose-type glycans	392:422	their high-mannose-type glycans	392:422	Characteristically, it is able to recognize incompletely folded proteins and re-glucosylate their high-mannose-type glycans.
27496766	0	18	gly	glycoprotein	73:84	arg1	glycoprotein					73:84	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	6	19	theme	noncatalytic	957:968	arg1	domains					970:976	the noncatalytic domains	953:976	the noncatalytic domains	953:976	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	6	20	theme	chimeras	1064:1071	arg1	forms					1015:1019	truncated forms	1005:1019	truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes	1005:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	7	21	theme	synthetic	1129:1137	arg1	substrate					1139:1147	synthetic substrate	1129:1147	synthetic substrate	1129:1147	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	3	22	gly	glycoprotein	482:493	arg1	glycoprotein					482:493	the glycoprotein quality control system	478:516	the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER	478:526	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	4	23	theme	UGGT1	621:625	arg1	UGGT2					554:558	human UGGT2	548:558	human UGGT2 (HUGT2)	548:566	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	4	23	theme	UGGT1	621:625	arg1	homolog					604:610	an inactive homolog	592:610	an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1)	592:633	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	4	24	theme	other	536:540	arg1	hand					542:545	the other hand	532:545	the other hand	532:545	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	5	25	theme	amino	861:865	arg1	identity					881:888	high amino acid sequence identity	856:888	high amino acid sequence identity (>85%)	856:895	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	5	25	theme	amino	861:865	arg1	%					894:894	>85%	891:894	>85%	891:894	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	4	26	theme	human	615:619	arg1	HUGT1					628:632	HUGT1	628:632	HUGT1	628:632	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	4	26	theme	human	615:619	arg1	UGGT1					621:625	human UGGT1	615:625	human UGGT1 (HUGT1)	615:633	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	0	27	theme	composition	18:28	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	0:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	1	28	theme	Uridine	108:114	arg1	-glucose					133:140	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose	108:140	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.	108:298	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	0	29	theme	domain	11:16	arg1	composition					18:28	domain composition	11:28	domain composition	11:28	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	1	30	theme	ER-Golgi	265:272	arg1	compartment					287:297	ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	265:297	ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	265:297	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	31	theme	diphosphate	116:126	arg1	-glucose					133:140	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose	108:140	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.	108:298	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	32	theme	soluble	189:195	arg1	glucosyltransferase					155:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase	142:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1	142:182	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	32	theme	soluble	189:195	arg1	protein					197:203	a soluble protein	187:203	a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	187:297	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	0	33	theme	catalytic	33:41	arg1	activity					43:50	catalytic activity	33:50	catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	33:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	1	34	theme	intermediate	274:285	arg1	compartment					287:297	ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	265:297	ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	265:297	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	5	35	theme	catalytic	771:779	arg1	region					781:786	C-terminal catalytic region	760:786	C-terminal catalytic region	760:786	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	4	36	theme	inactive	595:602	arg1	UGGT2					554:558	human UGGT2	548:558	human UGGT2 (HUGT2)	548:566	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	4	36	theme	inactive	595:602	arg1	homolog					604:610	an inactive homolog	592:610	an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1)	592:633	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	6	37	theme	domains	970:976	arg1	contribution					937:948	the contribution	933:948	the contribution of the noncatalytic domains	933:976	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	8	38	theme	catalytic	1347:1355	arg1	domains					1357:1363	catalytic domains	1347:1363	catalytic domains	1347:1363	While the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2, was enhanced by the presence of N-terminal domains, activities of catalytic domains are similar between two homologs.
27496766	3	39	dep	this	438:441	arg1	virtue					428:433	virtue	428:433	virtue	428:433	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
27496766	5	40	theme	HUGT2	719:723	arg1	lower					742:746	lower	742:746	lower	742:746	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	5	40	theme	HUGT2	719:723	arg1	activity					707:714	the activity	703:714	the activity of HUGT2	703:723	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	6	41	with	HUGT1/HUGT2	1036:1046	arg1	enzymes					1090:1096	full-length enzymes	1078:1096	full-length enzymes	1078:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	1	42	gly	glycoprotein	142:153	arg1	glycoprotein					142:153	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase	142:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1	142:182	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	8	43	theme	that	1266:1269	arg1	activity					1239:1246	the activity	1235:1246	the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2,	1235:1279	While the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2, was enhanced by the presence of N-terminal domains, activities of catalytic domains are similar between two homologs.
27496766	5	44	theme	full-length	829:839	arg1	enzyme					841:846	the full-length enzyme	825:846	the full-length enzyme	825:846	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	6	45	with	chimeras	1064:1071	arg1	enzymes					1090:1096	full-length enzymes	1078:1096	full-length enzymes	1078:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	4	46	dep	believed	577:584	arg1	whereas					636:642	whereas	636:642	whereas	636:642	On the other hand, human UGGT2 (HUGT2) has been believed to be an inactive homolog of human UGGT1 (HUGT1), whereas our recent study discovered its activity as UGGT.
27496766	8	47	theme	N-terminal	1313:1322	arg1	domains					1324:1330	N-terminal domains	1313:1330	N-terminal domains	1313:1330	While the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2, was enhanced by the presence of N-terminal domains, activities of catalytic domains are similar between two homologs.
27496766	7	48	theme	HUGTs	1199:1203	arg1	functional					1209:1218	functional	1209:1218	functional	1209:1218	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	7	48	theme	HUGTs	1199:1203	arg1	regions					1188:1194	the C-terminal catalytic regions	1163:1194	the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs	1163:1203	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	1	49	theme	UDP	129:131	arg1	-glucose					133:140	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose	108:140	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.	108:298	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	7	50	theme	catalytic	1178:1186	arg1	functional					1209:1218	functional	1209:1218	functional	1209:1218	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	7	50	theme	catalytic	1178:1186	arg1	regions					1188:1194	the C-terminal catalytic regions	1163:1194	the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs	1163:1203	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	5	51	theme	high	856:859	arg1	identity					881:888	high amino acid sequence identity	856:888	high amino acid sequence identity (>85%)	856:895	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	5	51	theme	high	856:859	arg1	%					894:894	>85%	891:894	>85%	891:894	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	8	52	theme	domains	1357:1363	arg1	activities					1333:1342	activities	1333:1342	activities of catalytic domains	1333:1363	While the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2, was enhanced by the presence of N-terminal domains, activities of catalytic domains are similar between two homologs.
27496766	6	53	theme	forms	1015:1019	arg1	activities					991:1000	activities	991:1000	activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes	991:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	5	54	theme	acid	867:870	arg1	identity					881:888	high amino acid sequence identity	856:888	high amino acid sequence identity (>85%)	856:895	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	5	54	theme	acid	867:870	arg1	%					894:894	>85%	891:894	>85%	891:894	Although the activity of HUGT2 is significantly lower than HUGT1, C-terminal catalytic region, accounting for approximately 20% of the full-length enzyme, shares high amino acid sequence identity (>85%).
27496766	1	55	theme	glycoprotein	142:153	arg1	protein					197:203	a soluble protein	187:203	a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment	187:297	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	55	theme	glycoprotein	142:153	arg1	UGGT					176:179	UGGT	176:179	UGGT	176:179	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	55	theme	glycoprotein	142:153	arg1	glucosyltransferase					155:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase	142:173	glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1	142:182	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	0	56	theme	UDP-glucose	61:71	arg1	glucosyltransferases					86:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	8	57	theme	domains	1324:1330	arg1	presence					1301:1308	the presence	1297:1308	the presence of N-terminal domains	1297:1330	While the activity of HUGT1, but not that of HUGT2, was enhanced by the presence of N-terminal domains, activities of catalytic domains are similar between two homologs.
27496766	7	58	theme	C-terminal	1167:1176	arg1	functional					1209:1218	functional	1209:1218	functional	1209:1218	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	7	58	theme	C-terminal	1167:1176	arg1	regions					1188:1194	the C-terminal catalytic regions	1163:1194	the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs	1163:1203	Our results obtained by using synthetic substrate indicate that the C-terminal catalytic regions of HUGTs are functional as UGGT.
27496766	1	59	theme	endoplasmic	221:231	arg1	ER					244:245	ER	244:245	ER	244:245	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	1	59	theme	endoplasmic	221:231	arg1	reticulum					233:241	the endoplasmic reticulum	217:241	the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)	217:246	Uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) 1 is a soluble protein residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and partially in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment.
27496766	0	60	theme	human	55:59	arg1	glucosyltransferases					86:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases	55:105	Effects of domain composition on catalytic activity of human UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases.
27496766	6	61	theme	HUGT1/HUGT2	1036:1046	arg1	forms					1015:1019	truncated forms	1005:1019	truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes	1005:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	6	62	theme	truncated	1005:1013	arg1	forms					1015:1019	truncated forms	1005:1019	truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes	1005:1096	In this study, we aimed to clarify the contribution of the noncatalytic domains by comparing activities of truncated forms of recombinant HUGT1/HUGT2 and HUGT1/HUGT2 chimeras with full-length enzymes.
27496766	2	63	theme	folded	357:362	arg1	proteins					364:371	incompletely folded proteins	344:371	incompletely folded proteins	344:371	Characteristically, it is able to recognize incompletely folded proteins and re-glucosylate their high-mannose-type glycans.
27496766	3	64	theme	glycoprotein	482:493	arg1	system					511:516	the glycoprotein quality control system	478:516	the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER	478:526	By virtue of this, UGGT1 acts as a folding sensor in the glycoprotein quality control system in the ER.
25230049	4	0	theme	subjacent	984:992	arg1	endocuticle					994:1004	the subjacent endocuticle	980:1004	the subjacent endocuticle	980:1004	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip projects long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle, likely to prevent delamination.
25230049	7	1	theme	middle	1222:1227	arg1	region					1229:1234	the middle region	1218:1234	the middle region	1218:1234	Surprisingly, the middle region is mineralized by amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only.
25230049	7	1	theme	middle	1222:1227	arg1	mineralized					1239:1249	mineralized	1239:1249	mineralized	1239:1249	Surprisingly, the middle region is mineralized by amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only.
25230049	2	2	theme	nanoindentation	590:604	arg1	experiments					606:616	nanoindentation experiments	590:616	region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments	417:616	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	3	3	theme	different	814:822	arg1	orientation					824:834	different orientation	814:834	different orientation	814:834	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	0	4	theme	properties	90:99	arg1	adaptations					17:27	Function-related adaptations	0:27	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	0:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	0	5	from	adaptations	17:27	arg1	cuticle					117:123	the incisive cuticle	104:123	the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	104:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	10	6	dep	stiffness	1600:1608	arg1	the					1596:1598	the	1596:1598	the	1596:1598	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	11	7	theme	stable	1871:1876	arg1	base					1878:1881	the stable base	1867:1881	the stable base of the PI	1867:1891	The results suggest that ultrastructure and composition are adapted for conveying high forces from a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI.
25230049	7	8	theme	amorphous	1254:1262	arg1	ACP					1283:1285	ACP	1283:1285	ACP	1283:1285	Surprisingly, the middle region is mineralized by amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only.
25230049	7	8	theme	amorphous	1254:1262	arg1	phosphate					1272:1280	amorphous calcium phosphate	1254:1280	amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only	1254:1291	Surprisingly, the middle region is mineralized by amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only.
25230049	3	9	theme	circumferential	860:874	arg1	fibrils					803:809	fibrils	803:809	fibrils	803:809	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	3	10	theme	orientation	824:834	arg1	fibrils					803:809	fibrils	803:809	fibrils	803:809	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	0	11	theme	incisive	108:115	arg1	cuticle					117:123	the incisive cuticle	104:123	the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	104:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	1	12	theme	ingestible	322:331	arg1	pieces					333:338	smaller ingestible pieces	314:338	smaller ingestible pieces	314:338	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	4	13	theme	thick	879:883	arg1	epicuticle					885:894	A thick epicuticle	877:894	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip	877:935	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip projects long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle, likely to prevent delamination.
25230049	8	14	theme	distal	1400:1405	arg1	layer					1407:1411	a distal layer	1398:1411	a distal layer in the base	1398:1423	Near the base, ACP is successively replaced by amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite is restricted to a distal layer in the base.
25230049	2	15	from	experiments	606:616	arg1	composition					469:479	composition	469:479	composition	469:479	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	2	15	from	experiments	606:616	arg1	ultrastructure					453:466	ultrastructure	453:466	ultrastructure	453:466	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	2	15	from	experiments	606:616	arg1	properties					511:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	10	16	theme	stiffness	1600:1608	arg1	increase					1584:1591	an increase	1581:1591	an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes	1581:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	2	17	theme	resulting	490:498	arg1	properties					511:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	2	18	from	differences	434:444	arg1	composition					469:479	composition	469:479	composition	469:479	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	2	18	from	differences	434:444	arg1	ultrastructure					453:466	ultrastructure	453:466	ultrastructure	453:466	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	2	18	from	differences	434:444	arg1	properties					511:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	11	19	theme	thin	1846:1849	arg1	edge					1859:1862	a rather thin cutting edge	1837:1862	a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI	1837:1891	The results suggest that ultrastructure and composition are adapted for conveying high forces from a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI.
25230049	3	20	contain	containing	716:725	arg1	epicuticle					705:714	an unusually thick epicuticle	686:714	an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential	686:874	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	3	20	contain	containing	716:725	arg2	layers					765:770	two subjacent cuticular layers	741:770	two subjacent cuticular layers	741:770	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	3	20	contain	containing	716:725	arg2	core					787:790	a central core	777:790	a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential	777:874	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	3	20	contain	containing	716:725	arg2	fibrils					732:738	thin fibrils	727:738	thin fibrils	727:738	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	4	21	theme	epicuticular	951:962	arg1	extensions					964:973	long epicuticular extensions	946:973	long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle	946:1004	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip projects long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle, likely to prevent delamination.
25230049	1	22	dep	dry	298:300	arg1	leaves					302:307	leaves	302:307	leaves into smaller ingestible pieces	302:338	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	10	23	from	transversal	1688:1698	arg1	comparison					1703:1712	comparison	1703:1712	comparison to longitudinal planes	1703:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	8	24	theme	calcium	1351:1357	arg1	carbonate					1359:1367	amorphous calcium carbonate	1341:1367	amorphous calcium carbonate	1341:1367	Near the base, ACP is successively replaced by amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite is restricted to a distal layer in the base.
25230049	4	25	theme	region	910:915	arg1	epicuticle					885:894	A thick epicuticle	877:894	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip	877:935	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip projects long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle, likely to prevent delamination.
25230049	2	26	theme	region-dependent	417:432	arg1	differences					434:444	region-dependent differences	417:444	region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments	417:616	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	3	27	theme	thick	699:703	arg1	epicuticle					705:714	an unusually thick epicuticle	686:714	an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential	686:874	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	8	28	theme	amorphous	1341:1349	arg1	carbonate					1359:1367	amorphous calcium carbonate	1341:1367	amorphous calcium carbonate	1341:1367	Near the base, ACP is successively replaced by amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite is restricted to a distal layer in the base.
25230049	0	29	theme	Function-related	0:15	arg1	adaptations					17:27	Function-related adaptations	0:27	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	0:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	1	30	theme	terrestrial	178:188	arg1	isopods					190:196	terrestrial isopods	178:196	terrestrial isopods	178:196	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	9	31	theme	exocuticle	1534:1543	arg1	fibrils					1519:1525	fibrils	1519:1525	fibrils of the exocuticle	1519:1543	At the transition between middle and base, the epicuticle forms a hybrid material containing fibrils of the exocuticle.
25230049	3	32	theme	thin	727:730	arg1	fibrils					732:738	thin fibrils	727:738	thin fibrils	727:738	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	1	33	theme	smaller	314:320	arg1	pieces					333:338	smaller ingestible pieces	314:338	smaller ingestible pieces	314:338	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	1	34	theme	pars	269:272	arg1	PI					284:285	PI	284:285	PI	284:285	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	1	34	theme	pars	269:272	arg1	incisiva					274:281	a pars incisiva	267:281	a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces	267:338	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	9	35	theme	hybrid	1492:1497	arg1	material					1499:1506	a hybrid material	1490:1506	a hybrid material containing fibrils of the exocuticle	1490:1543	At the transition between middle and base, the epicuticle forms a hybrid material containing fibrils of the exocuticle.
25230049	0	36	theme	ultrastructure	32:45	arg1	adaptations					17:27	Function-related adaptations	0:27	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	0:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	3	37	theme	subjacent	745:753	arg1	layers					765:770	two subjacent cuticular layers	741:770	two subjacent cuticular layers	741:770	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	2	38	theme	several	533:539	arg1	techniques					568:577	several microscopic and analytical techniques	533:577	several microscopic and analytical techniques	533:577	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	7	39	theme	calcium	1264:1270	arg1	ACP					1283:1285	ACP	1283:1285	ACP	1283:1285	Surprisingly, the middle region is mineralized by amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only.
25230049	7	39	theme	calcium	1264:1270	arg1	phosphate					1272:1280	amorphous calcium phosphate	1254:1280	amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only	1254:1291	Surprisingly, the middle region is mineralized by amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) only.
25230049	2	40	theme	scaber	387:392	arg1	PI					371:372	the PI	367:372	the PI of Porcellio scaber	367:392	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	0	41	theme	mandibles	128:136	arg1	cuticle					117:123	the incisive cuticle	104:123	the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	104:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	3	42	theme	incisive	638:645	arg1	tip					647:649	the incisive tip	634:649	the incisive tip	634:649	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	2	43	theme	Porcellio	377:385	arg1	scaber					387:392	Porcellio scaber	377:392	Porcellio scaber	377:392	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	0	44	theme	mineral	48:54	arg1	distribution					62:73	mineral phase distribution	48:73	mineral phase distribution	48:73	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	0	45	theme	scaber	151:156	arg1	mandibles					128:136	mandibles	128:136	mandibles of Porcellio scaber	128:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	3	46	theme	tip	647:649	arg1	mineralized					658:668	mineralized	658:668	mineralized	658:668	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	3	46	theme	tip	647:649	arg1	cuticle					623:629	The cuticle	619:629	The cuticle of the incisive tip	619:649	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	8	47	from	layer	1407:1411	arg1	base					1420:1423	the base	1416:1423	the base	1416:1423	Near the base, ACP is successively replaced by amorphous calcium carbonate and calcite is restricted to a distal layer in the base.
25230049	10	48	theme	longitudinal	1717:1728	arg1	planes					1730:1735	longitudinal planes	1717:1735	longitudinal planes	1717:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	10	49	theme	hardness	1614:1621	arg1	increase					1584:1591	an increase	1581:1591	an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes	1581:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	0	50	theme	Porcellio	141:149	arg1	scaber					151:156	Porcellio scaber	141:156	Porcellio scaber	141:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	10	51	from	tip	1632:1634	arg1	hardness					1614:1621	hardness	1614:1621	hardness	1614:1621	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	10	51	from	tip	1632:1634	arg1	increase					1584:1591	an increase	1581:1591	an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes	1581:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	10	51	from	tip	1632:1634	arg1	stiffness					1600:1608	stiffness	1600:1608	stiffness	1600:1608	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	2	52	theme	PI	371:372	arg1	cuticle					356:362	the cuticle	352:362	the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber	352:392	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	0	53	theme	distribution	62:73	arg1	adaptations					17:27	Function-related adaptations	0:27	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	0:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	2	54	theme	mechanical	500:509	arg1	properties					511:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	the resulting mechanical properties	486:520	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	9	55	contain	containing	1508:1517	arg2	fibrils					1519:1525	fibrils	1519:1525	fibrils of the exocuticle	1519:1543	At the transition between middle and base, the epicuticle forms a hybrid material containing fibrils of the exocuticle.
25230049	9	55	contain	containing	1508:1517	arg1	material					1499:1506	a hybrid material	1490:1506	a hybrid material containing fibrils of the exocuticle	1490:1543	At the transition between middle and base, the epicuticle forms a hybrid material containing fibrils of the exocuticle.
25230049	5	56	theme	middle	1087:1092	arg1	region					1094:1099	the middle region	1083:1099	the middle region	1083:1099	A distinct exocuticular layer is lacking in the middle region.
25230049	1	57	contain	carrying	232:239	arg1	corpus					225:230	a corpus	223:230	a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces	223:338	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	1	57	contain	carrying	232:239	arg2	PI					284:285	PI	284:285	PI	284:285	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	1	57	contain	carrying	232:239	arg2	tissue					255:260	strong muscle tissue	241:260	strong muscle tissue	241:260	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	1	57	contain	carrying	232:239	arg2	incisiva					274:281	a pars incisiva	267:281	a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces	267:338	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	11	58	theme	cutting	1851:1857	arg1	edge					1859:1862	a rather thin cutting edge	1837:1862	a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI	1837:1891	The results suggest that ultrastructure and composition are adapted for conveying high forces from a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI.
25230049	0	59	theme	phase	56:60	arg1	distribution					62:73	mineral phase distribution	48:73	mineral phase distribution	48:73	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	3	60	theme	cuticular	755:763	arg1	layers					765:770	two subjacent cuticular layers	741:770	two subjacent cuticular layers	741:770	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	2	61	theme	analytical	557:566	arg1	techniques					568:577	several microscopic and analytical techniques	533:577	several microscopic and analytical techniques	533:577	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	5	62	theme	distinct	1041:1048	arg1	layer					1063:1067	A distinct exocuticular layer	1039:1067	A distinct exocuticular layer	1039:1067	A distinct exocuticular layer is lacking in the middle region.
25230049	3	63	theme	longitudinal	844:855	arg1	fibrils					803:809	fibrils	803:809	fibrils	803:809	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	10	64	from	comparison	1703:1712	arg1	transversal					1688:1698	transversal	1688:1698	transversal	1688:1698	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	4	65	theme	middle	903:908	arg1	region					910:915	the middle region	899:915	the middle region	899:915	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip projects long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle, likely to prevent delamination.
25230049	5	66	theme	exocuticular	1050:1061	arg1	layer					1063:1067	A distinct exocuticular layer	1039:1067	A distinct exocuticular layer	1039:1067	A distinct exocuticular layer is lacking in the middle region.
25230049	10	67	from	values	1678:1683	arg1	transversal					1688:1698	transversal	1688:1698	transversal	1688:1698	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	10	68	theme	Nanoindentation	1546:1560	arg1	experiments					1562:1572	Nanoindentation experiments	1546:1572	Nanoindentation experiments	1546:1572	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	2	69	theme	microscopic	541:551	arg1	techniques					568:577	several microscopic and analytical techniques	533:577	several microscopic and analytical techniques	533:577	We studied the cuticle of the PI of Porcellio scaber in order to understand region-dependent differences in its ultrastructure, composition, and the resulting mechanical properties, employing several microscopic and analytical techniques as well as nanoindentation experiments.
25230049	10	70	theme	base	1648:1651	arg1	values					1678:1683	the base and significantly higher values	1644:1683	the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes	1644:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	0	71	dep	Latreille	158:166	arg1	adaptations					17:27	Function-related adaptations	0:27	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber	0:156	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	11	72	theme	high	1820:1823	arg1	forces					1825:1830	high forces	1820:1830	high forces	1820:1830	The results suggest that ultrastructure and composition are adapted for conveying high forces from a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI.
25230049	0	73	theme	mechanical	79:88	arg1	properties					90:99	mechanical properties	79:99	mechanical properties	79:99	Function-related adaptations of ultrastructure, mineral phase distribution and mechanical properties in the incisive cuticle of mandibles of Porcellio scaber Latreille, 1804.
25230049	6	74	theme	Most	1102:1105	arg1	fibrils					1122:1128	Most chitin-protein fibrils	1102:1128	Most chitin-protein fibrils within the endocuticle	1102:1151	Most chitin-protein fibrils within the endocuticle are oriented in parallel pointing towards the tip.
25230049	3	75	contain	containing	792:801	arg1	core					787:790	a central core	777:790	a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential	777:874	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	3	75	contain	containing	792:801	arg2	fibrils					803:809	fibrils	803:809	fibrils	803:809	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	10	76	theme	higher	1671:1676	arg1	values					1678:1683	the base and significantly higher values	1644:1683	the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes	1644:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	6	77	theme	chitin-protein	1107:1120	arg1	fibrils					1122:1128	Most chitin-protein fibrils	1102:1128	Most chitin-protein fibrils within the endocuticle	1102:1151	Most chitin-protein fibrils within the endocuticle are oriented in parallel pointing towards the tip.
25230049	11	78	theme	PI	1890:1891	arg1	base					1878:1881	the stable base	1867:1881	the stable base of the PI	1867:1891	The results suggest that ultrastructure and composition are adapted for conveying high forces from a rather thin cutting edge to the stable base of the PI.
25230049	1	79	theme	strong	241:246	arg1	tissue					255:260	strong muscle tissue	241:260	strong muscle tissue	241:260	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
25230049	10	80	from	increase	1584:1591	arg1	tip					1632:1634	the tip	1628:1634	the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes	1628:1735	Nanoindentation experiments reveal an increase of the stiffness and hardness from the tip towards the base and significantly higher values on transversal in comparison to longitudinal planes.
25230049	3	81	theme	central	779:785	arg1	core					787:790	a central core	777:790	a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential	777:874	The cuticle of the incisive tip is not mineralized and consists of an unusually thick epicuticle containing thin fibrils, two subjacent cuticular layers, and a central core containing fibrils of different orientation, either longitudinal or circumferential.
25230049	4	82	theme	long	946:949	arg1	extensions					964:973	long epicuticular extensions	946:973	long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle	946:1004	A thick epicuticle of the middle region just behind the tip projects long epicuticular extensions into the subjacent endocuticle, likely to prevent delamination.
25230049	1	83	theme	muscle	248:253	arg1	tissue					255:260	strong muscle tissue	241:260	strong muscle tissue	241:260	In terrestrial isopods the mandibles consist of a corpus carrying strong muscle tissue, and a pars incisiva (PI) that cuts dry leaves into smaller ingestible pieces.
27124496	3	0	theme	defense	622:628	arg1	chemistry					630:638	defense chemistry	622:638	defense chemistry	622:638	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	2	1	theme	climax	534:539	arg1	species					541:547	a climax species	532:547	a climax species	532:547	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	2	1	theme	climax	534:539	arg1	aspen					475:479	aspen	475:479	aspen	475:479	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	4	2	theme	small	1037:1041	arg1	effects					1043:1049	small effects	1037:1049	small effects	1037:1049	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	3	3	theme	water	650:654	arg1	potential					656:664	xylem water potential	644:664	xylem water potential	644:664	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	1	4	from	impacts	273:279	arg1	function					289:296	tree function	284:296	tree function	284:296	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	6	5	theme	secondary	1326:1334	arg1	chemicals					1344:1352	secondary defense chemicals	1326:1352	secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1326:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	6	theme	tree	1423:1426	arg1	proximity					1428:1436	tree proximity	1423:1436	tree proximity	1423:1436	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	3	7	from	trees	776:780	arg1	carbohydrates					594:606	nonstructural carbohydrates	580:606	nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only)	580:619	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	7	from	trees	776:780	arg1	potential					656:664	xylem water potential	644:664	xylem water potential	644:664	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	7	from	trees	776:780	arg1	chemistry					630:638	defense chemistry	622:638	defense chemistry	622:638	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	7	from	trees	776:780	arg1	nutrients					569:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	8	from	potential	656:664	arg1	classes					713:719	three size classes	702:719	three size classes growing in close proximity	702:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	9	theme	fir	689:691	arg1	trees					693:697	subalpine fir trees	679:697	subalpine fir trees	679:697	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	6	10	theme	composition	1410:1420	arg1	gradients					1391:1399	the gradients	1387:1399	the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1387:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	3	11	from	aspen	669:673	arg1	classes					713:719	three size classes	702:719	three size classes growing in close proximity	702:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	2	12	theme	successional	491:502	arg1	species					504:510	an early successional species	482:510	an early successional species	482:510	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	2	12	theme	successional	491:502	arg1	aspen					475:479	aspen	475:479	aspen	475:479	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	3	13	from	chemistry	630:638	arg1	classes					713:719	three size classes	702:719	three size classes growing in close proximity	702:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	14	theme	size	708:711	arg1	classes					713:719	three size classes	702:719	three size classes growing in close proximity	702:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	2	15	theme	tree	392:395	arg1	relationships					407:419	tree proximity relationships	392:419	tree proximity relationships	392:419	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	1	16	theme	tree	206:209	arg1	size					211:214	tree size	206:214	tree size	206:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	1	16	theme	tree	206:209	arg1	species					159:165	species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	159:214	species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	159:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	7	17	theme	coexistence	1493:1503	arg1	mechanisms					1479:1488	mechanisms	1479:1488	mechanisms of coexistence	1479:1503	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	2	18	theme	subalpine	517:525	arg1	aspen					475:479	aspen	475:479	aspen	475:479	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	2	18	theme	subalpine	517:525	arg1	fir					527:529	subalpine fir	517:529	subalpine fir	517:529	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	5	19	theme	aspen	1184:1188	arg1	trees					1190:1194	larger aspen trees	1177:1194	larger aspen trees	1177:1194	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	3	20	theme	close	732:736	arg1	proximity					738:746	close proximity	732:746	close proximity	732:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	8	21	theme	root	1670:1673	arg1	system					1675:1680	its clonal root system	1659:1680	its clonal root system	1659:1680	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	4	22	theme	fir	907:909	arg1	proximity					884:892	Close proximity	878:892	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen	878:918	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	1	23	theme	forest	247:252	arg1	systems					254:260	forest systems	247:260	forest systems	247:260	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	7	24	dep	aspen	1516:1520	arg1	fir					1536:1538	fir	1536:1538	fir	1536:1538	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	3	25	dep	dominant	861:868	arg1	stands					870:875	stands	870:875	stands	870:875	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	1	26	theme	structural	127:136	arg1	heterogeneity					138:150	Forest structural heterogeneity	120:150	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	120:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	7	27	theme	structural	1595:1604	arg1	characteristics					1606:1620	stand structural characteristics	1589:1620	stand structural characteristics	1589:1620	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	2	28	theme	leaf	449:452	arg1	traits					465:470	the leaf functional traits	445:470	the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species	445:547	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	6	29	theme	potential	1265:1273	arg1	concentrations					1283:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations	1254:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1254:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	8	30	theme	resource	1691:1698	arg1	capacity					1708:1715	high resource storage capacity	1686:1715	high resource storage capacity	1686:1715	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	1	31	theme	due	152:154	arg1	heterogeneity					138:150	Forest structural heterogeneity	120:150	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	120:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	4	32	theme	Close	878:882	arg1	proximity					884:892	Close proximity	878:892	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen	878:918	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	7	33	theme	wide	1575:1578	arg1	range					1580:1584	a wide range	1573:1584	a wide range of stand structural characteristics	1573:1620	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	2	34	theme	aspen	475:479	arg1	traits					465:470	the leaf functional traits	445:470	the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species	445:547	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	6	35	dep	potential	1265:1273	arg1	foliar					1276:1281	foliar	1276:1281	foliar	1276:1281	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	3	36	dep	conditions	800:809	arg1	mixed					842:846	mixed	842:846	mixed	842:846	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	36	dep	conditions	800:809	arg1	dominant					861:868	dominant	861:868	dominant	861:868	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	36	dep	conditions	800:809	arg1	dominant					818:825	dominant	818:825	dominant	818:825	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	4	37	theme	starch	947:952	arg1	storage					936:942	aspen's storage	928:942	aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue	928:969	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	3	38	from	nutrients	569:577	arg1	classes					713:719	three size classes	702:719	three size classes growing in close proximity	702:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	2	39	theme	study	348:352	arg1	objective					330:338	The objective	326:338	The objective of this study	326:352	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	0	40	theme	Stand	0:4	arg1	Composition					6:16	Stand Composition	0:16	Stand Composition	0:16	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	7	41	theme	leaf	1552:1555	arg1	function					1557:1564	leaf function	1552:1564	leaf function	1552:1564	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	4	42	theme	foliar	957:962	arg1	tissue					964:969	foliar tissue	957:969	foliar tissue	957:969	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	8	43	from	stability	1760:1768	arg1	aspen-conifer					1779:1791	mixed aspen-conifer stands	1773:1798	mixed aspen-conifer stands	1773:1798	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	5	44	theme	sugar	1096:1100	arg1	concentrations					1122:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations	1089:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves	1089:1151	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	4	45	contain	have	1032:1035	arg2	effects					1043:1049	small effects	1037:1049	small effects	1037:1049	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	4	45	contain	have	1032:1035	arg1	competition					994:1004	competition	994:1004	competition between these species	994:1026	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	6	46	theme	proximity	1428:1436	arg1	gradients					1391:1399	the gradients	1387:1399	the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1387:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	4	47	from	storage	936:942	arg1	tissue					964:969	foliar tissue	957:969	foliar tissue	957:969	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	2	48	theme	tree	425:428	arg1	size					430:433	tree size	425:433	tree size	425:433	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	2	49	theme	functional	454:463	arg1	traits					465:470	the leaf functional traits	445:470	the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species	445:547	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	8	50	theme	mixed	1773:1777	arg1	aspen-conifer					1779:1791	mixed aspen-conifer stands	1773:1798	mixed aspen-conifer stands	1773:1798	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	6	51	theme	size	1446:1449	arg1	gradients					1391:1399	the gradients	1387:1399	the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1387:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	52	theme	subalpine	1366:1374	arg1	fir					1376:1378	subalpine fir	1366:1378	subalpine fir	1366:1378	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	3	53	dep	carbohydrates	594:606	arg1	aspen					609:613	aspen	609:613	aspen only	609:618	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	4	54	from	metabolism	1061:1070	arg1	aspen					1075:1079	aspen leaves	1075:1086	aspen leaves	1075:1086	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	3	55	theme	xylem	644:648	arg1	potential					656:664	xylem water potential	644:664	xylem water potential	644:664	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	8	56	theme	functional	1749:1758	arg1	stability					1760:1768	its functional stability	1745:1768	its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands	1745:1798	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	6	57	theme	aspen	1357:1361	arg1	chemicals					1344:1352	secondary defense chemicals	1326:1352	secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1326:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	57	theme	aspen	1357:1361	arg1	phosphorus					1311:1320	phosphorus	1311:1320	phosphorus	1311:1320	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	57	theme	aspen	1357:1361	arg1	nitrogen					1301:1308	nitrogen	1301:1308	nitrogen	1301:1308	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	5	58	theme	glucose	1103:1109	arg1	concentrations					1122:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations	1089:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves	1089:1151	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	3	59	theme	nonstructural	580:592	arg1	carbohydrates					594:606	nonstructural carbohydrates	580:606	nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only)	580:619	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	0	60	contain	Have	43:46	arg1	Proximity					24:32	Tree Proximity	19:32	Tree Proximity	19:32	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	0	60	contain	Have	43:46	arg1	Size					38:41	Size	38:41	Size	38:41	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	0	60	contain	Have	43:46	arg1	Composition					6:16	Stand Composition	0:16	Stand Composition	0:16	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	0	60	contain	Have	43:46	arg2	Effects					56:62	Minimal Effects	48:62	Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir	48:117	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	6	61	theme	chemicals	1344:1352	arg1	concentrations					1283:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations	1254:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1254:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	5	62	theme	sucrose	1113:1119	arg1	concentrations					1122:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations	1089:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves	1089:1151	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	6	63	located	found	1245:1249	arg2	differences					1228:1238	no differences	1225:1238	no differences	1225:1238	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	63	located	found	1245:1249	arg1	concentrations					1283:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations	1254:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1254:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	3	64	from	carbohydrates	594:606	arg1	classes					713:719	three size classes	702:719	three size classes growing in close proximity	702:746	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	65	theme	aspen	669:673	arg1	carbohydrates					594:606	nonstructural carbohydrates	580:606	nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only)	580:619	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	65	theme	aspen	669:673	arg1	potential					656:664	xylem water potential	644:664	xylem water potential	644:664	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	65	theme	aspen	669:673	arg1	chemistry					630:638	defense chemistry	622:638	defense chemistry	622:638	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	65	theme	aspen	669:673	arg1	nutrients					569:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	4	66	dep	aspen	1075:1079	arg1	leaves					1081:1086	leaves	1081:1086	leaves	1081:1086	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	4	67	theme	carbon	1054:1059	arg1	metabolism					1061:1070	carbon metabolism	1054:1070	carbon metabolism in aspen leaves	1054:1086	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	0	68	theme	Subalpine	105:113	arg1	Effects					56:62	Minimal Effects	48:62	Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir	48:117	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	6	69	theme	stand	1404:1408	arg1	composition					1410:1420	stand composition	1404:1420	stand composition	1404:1420	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	1	70	theme	spatial	180:186	arg1	relationships					188:200	spatial relationships	180:200	spatial relationships	180:200	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	5	71	dep	aspen	1140:1144	arg1	leaves					1146:1151	leaves	1146:1151	leaves	1146:1151	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	3	72	theme	subalpine	679:687	arg1	trees					693:697	subalpine fir trees	679:697	subalpine fir trees	679:697	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	1	73	from	patterns	235:242	arg1	systems					254:260	forest systems	247:260	forest systems	247:260	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	2	74	theme	early	485:489	arg1	species					504:510	an early successional species	482:510	an early successional species	482:510	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	2	74	theme	early	485:489	arg1	aspen					475:479	aspen	475:479	aspen	475:479	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	0	75	from	Effects	56:62	arg1	Function					72:79	Leaf Function	67:79	Leaf Function	67:79	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	5	76	theme	larger	1177:1182	arg1	trees					1190:1194	larger aspen trees	1177:1194	larger aspen trees	1177:1194	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	5	77	from	concentrations	1122:1135	arg1	aspen					1140:1144	aspen	1140:1144	aspen	1140:1144	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	3	78	theme	foliar	562:567	arg1	nutrients					569:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	79	theme	stand	794:798	arg1	conditions					800:809	three stand conditions	788:809	three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands	788:875	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	8	80	theme	clonal	1663:1668	arg1	system					1675:1680	its clonal root system	1659:1680	its clonal root system	1659:1680	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	1	81	theme	Forest	120:125	arg1	heterogeneity					138:150	Forest structural heterogeneity	120:150	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	120:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	4	82	theme	subalpine	897:905	arg1	fir					907:909	subalpine fir	897:909	subalpine fir	897:909	Close proximity of subalpine fir to aspen reduced aspen's storage of starch in foliar tissue by 17% suggesting that competition between these species may have small effects on carbon metabolism in aspen leaves.
27124496	0	83	theme	Leaf	67:70	arg1	Function					72:79	Leaf Function	67:79	Leaf Function	67:79	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	6	84	theme	tree	1441:1444	arg1	size					1446:1449	tree size	1441:1449	tree size	1441:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	7	85	theme	characteristics	1606:1620	arg1	range					1580:1584	a wide range	1573:1584	a wide range of stand structural characteristics	1573:1620	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	3	86	theme	other	770:774	arg1	trees					776:780	other trees	770:780	other trees	770:780	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	8	87	theme	high	1686:1689	arg1	capacity					1708:1715	high resource storage capacity	1686:1715	high resource storage capacity	1686:1715	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	0	88	dep	Aspen	95:99	arg1	Fir					115:117	Fir	115:117	Fir	115:117	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	7	89	theme	stand	1589:1593	arg1	characteristics					1606:1620	stand structural characteristics	1589:1620	stand structural characteristics	1589:1620	These results suggest that mechanisms of coexistence allow both aspen and subalpine fir to maintain leaf function across a wide range of stand structural characteristics.
27124496	3	90	from	classes	713:719	arg1	carbohydrates					594:606	nonstructural carbohydrates	580:606	nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only)	580:619	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	90	from	classes	713:719	arg1	potential					656:664	xylem water potential	644:664	xylem water potential	644:664	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	90	from	classes	713:719	arg1	chemistry					630:638	defense chemistry	622:638	defense chemistry	622:638	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	3	90	from	classes	713:719	arg1	nutrients					569:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	foliar nutrients	562:577	We measured foliar nutrients, nonstructural carbohydrates (aspen only), defense chemistry and xylem water potential of aspen and subalpine fir trees in three size classes growing in close proximity or independently from other trees under three stand conditions: aspen dominant, aspen-conifer mixed, and conifer dominant stands.
27124496	0	91	theme	Aspen	95:99	arg1	Effects					56:62	Minimal Effects	48:62	Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir	48:117	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	8	92	theme	storage	1700:1706	arg1	capacity					1708:1715	high resource storage capacity	1686:1715	high resource storage capacity	1686:1715	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
27124496	6	93	theme	defense	1336:1342	arg1	chemicals					1344:1352	secondary defense chemicals	1326:1352	secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1326:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	2	94	theme	proximity	397:405	arg1	relationships					407:419	tree proximity relationships	392:419	tree proximity relationships	392:419	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	5	95	theme	smaller	1201:1207	arg1	trees					1209:1213	smaller trees	1201:1213	smaller trees	1201:1213	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	0	96	theme	Tree	19:22	arg1	Proximity					24:32	Tree Proximity	19:32	Tree Proximity	19:32	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	5	97	theme	Simple	1089:1094	arg1	concentrations					1122:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations	1089:1135	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves	1089:1151	Simple sugar (glucose + sucrose) concentrations in aspen leaves were slightly higher in larger aspen trees than smaller trees.
27124496	2	98	theme	stand	373:377	arg1	composition					379:389	stand composition	373:389	stand composition	373:389	The objective of this study was to examine how stand composition, tree proximity relationships and tree size influence the leaf functional traits of aspen, an early successional species, and subalpine fir, a climax species.
27124496	6	99	theme	phosphorus	1311:1320	arg1	concentrations					1283:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations	1254:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1254:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	100	theme	nitrogen	1301:1308	arg1	concentrations					1283:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations	1254:1296	stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1254:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	1	101	theme	tree	284:287	arg1	function					289:296	tree function	284:296	tree function	284:296	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	0	102	theme	Minimal	48:54	arg1	Effects					56:62	Minimal Effects	48:62	Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir	48:117	Stand Composition, Tree Proximity and Size Have Minimal Effects on Leaf Function of Coexisting Aspen and Subalpine Fir.
27124496	1	103	dep	species	159:165	arg1	composition					167:177	composition	167:177	composition	167:177	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	1	103	dep	species	159:165	arg1	relationships					188:200	spatial relationships	180:200	spatial relationships	180:200	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	1	103	dep	species	159:165	arg1	size					211:214	tree size	206:214	tree size	206:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	1	103	dep	species	159:165	arg1	species					159:165	species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	159:214	species composition, spatial relationships and tree size	159:214	Forest structural heterogeneity due to species composition, spatial relationships and tree size are widely studied patterns in forest systems, but their impacts on tree function are not as well documented.
27124496	6	104	theme	fir	1376:1378	arg1	chemicals					1344:1352	secondary defense chemicals	1326:1352	secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size	1326:1449	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	104	theme	fir	1376:1378	arg1	phosphorus					1311:1320	phosphorus	1311:1320	phosphorus	1311:1320	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	6	104	theme	fir	1376:1378	arg1	nitrogen					1301:1308	nitrogen	1301:1308	nitrogen	1301:1308	However, no differences were found in stem water potential, foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, or secondary defense chemicals of aspen or subalpine fir across the gradients of stand composition, tree proximity or tree size.
27124496	8	105	dep	aspen-conifer	1779:1791	arg1	stands					1793:1798	stands	1793:1798	stands	1793:1798	For aspen, resource sharing through its clonal root system and high resource storage capacity may partially contribute to its functional stability in mixed aspen-conifer stands.
28234963	12	0	from	changes	1915:1921	arg1	composition					1939:1949	the chemical composition	1926:1949	the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes	1926:2010	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	0	from	changes	1915:1921	arg1	synthesis					2029:2037	an increased synthesis	2016:2037	an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	2016:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	4	1	theme	median	785:790	arg1	strip					792:796	the median strip	781:796	the median strip between roadways that have been intensively salted during the winter season for many years	781:887	Leaf samples were collected from trees growing in the median strip between roadways that have been intensively salted during the winter season for many years.
28234963	11	2	theme	lipids	1682:1687	arg1	higher					1694:1699	higher	1694:1699	higher	1694:1699	The levels of these lipids were higher in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	11	2	theme	lipids	1682:1687	arg1	levels					1666:1671	The levels	1662:1671	The levels of these lipids	1662:1687	The levels of these lipids were higher in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	12	3	dep	T.	1865:1866	arg1	trees					1879:1883	trees	1879:1883	trees	1879:1883	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	0	4	theme	lipids	80:85	arg1	characteristics					29:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics	0:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees	0:125	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	5	5	theme	sodium	894:899	arg1	content					901:907	The sodium content	890:907	The sodium content	890:907	The sodium content was determined using atomic spectrophotometry, chloride using potentiometric titration and poly-isoprenoids using HPLC/UV.
28234963	7	6	dep	rhamnogalacturonans	1146:1164	arg1	RG-I					1169:1172	RG-I	1169:1172	RG-I	1169:1172	The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees.
28234963	7	6	dep	rhamnogalacturonans	1146:1164	arg1	I					1166:1166	I	1166:1166	I	1166:1166	The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees.
28234963	8	7	theme	epitope	1379:1385	arg1	difference					1338:1347	the most visible difference	1321:1347	the most visible difference	1321:1347	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	8	7	theme	epitope	1379:1385	arg1	presence					1357:1364	the presence	1353:1364	the presence of the JIM16 epitope	1353:1385	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	0	8	dep	Tilia	104:108	arg1	trees					121:125	trees	121:125	trees	121:125	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	12	9	theme	wall	1963:1966	arg1	composition					1939:1949	the chemical composition	1926:1949	the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes	1926:2010	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	9	theme	wall	1963:1966	arg1	synthesis					2029:2037	an increased synthesis	2016:2037	an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	2016:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	4	10	theme	winter	860:865	arg1	season					867:872	the winter season	856:872	the winter season for many years	856:887	Leaf samples were collected from trees growing in the median strip between roadways that have been intensively salted during the winter season for many years.
28234963	1	11	theme	chlorine	308:315	arg1	content					317:323	chlorine content	308:323	chlorine content	308:323	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	11	theme	chlorine	308:315	arg1	pectins					241:247	pectins	241:247	pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids	241:294	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	12	12	theme	salt	1888:1891	arg1	stress					1893:1898	salt stress	1888:1898	salt stress	1888:1898	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	1	13	theme	pectins	241:247	arg1	presence					193:200	the presence	189:200	the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees	189:359	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	4	14	theme	many	878:881	arg1	years					883:887	many years	878:887	many years	878:887	Leaf samples were collected from trees growing in the median strip between roadways that have been intensively salted during the winter season for many years.
28234963	9	15	theme	ions	1494:1497	arg1	higher					1503:1508	higher	1503:1508	higher	1503:1508	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	9	15	theme	ions	1494:1497	arg1	level					1479:1483	the level	1475:1483	the level of these ions	1475:1497	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	10	16	theme	poly-isoprenoid	1589:1603	arg1	alcohols					1605:1612	four poly-isoprenoid alcohols	1584:1612	four poly-isoprenoid alcohols	1584:1612	Based on chromatographic analysis, four poly-isoprenoid alcohols were identified in the leaves of T. x euchlora.
28234963	2	17	theme	damage	444:449	arg1	signs					435:439	signs	435:439	signs of damage	435:449	The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions.
28234963	7	18	theme	immunohistochemical	1105:1123	arg1	analysis					1125:1132	The immunohistochemical analysis	1101:1132	The immunohistochemical analysis	1101:1132	The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees.
28234963	0	19	dep	the	90:92	arg1	leaves					94:99	leaves	94:99	leaves	94:99	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	8	20	from	presence	1357:1364	arg1	case					1307:1310	the case	1303:1310	the case of AGPs	1303:1318	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	8	21	attach	presence	1357:1364	arg2	epitope					1379:1385	the JIM16 epitope	1369:1385	the JIM16 epitope	1369:1385	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	8	21	attach	presence	1357:1364	arg1	case					1307:1310	the case	1303:1310	the case of AGPs	1303:1318	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	12	22	theme	euchlora	1870:1877	arg1	strategy					1853:1860	the defensive strategy	1839:1860	the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	1839:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	3	23	theme	healthy	645:651	arg1	appearance					653:662	healthy appearance	645:662	healthy appearance	645:662	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	8	24	theme	visible	1330:1336	arg1	difference					1338:1347	the most visible difference	1321:1347	the most visible difference	1321:1347	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	8	24	theme	visible	1330:1336	arg1	presence					1357:1364	the presence	1353:1364	the presence of the JIM16 epitope	1353:1385	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	9	25	theme	sodium	1409:1414	arg1	analyses					1397:1404	Chemical analyses	1388:1404	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride	1388:1427	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	0	26	theme	Quantitative	0:11	arg1	characteristics					29:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics	0:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees	0:125	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	11	27	theme	healthy	1720:1726	arg1	trees					1728:1732	healthy trees	1720:1732	healthy trees	1720:1732	The levels of these lipids were higher in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	10	28	dep	the	1633:1635	arg1	leaves					1637:1642	leaves	1637:1642	leaves	1637:1642	Based on chromatographic analysis, four poly-isoprenoid alcohols were identified in the leaves of T. x euchlora.
28234963	3	29	theme	visible	684:690	arg1	symptoms					692:699	visible symptoms	684:699	visible symptoms of decay	684:708	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	2	30	theme	same	480:483	arg1	conditions					497:506	the same salt stress conditions	476:506	the same salt stress conditions	476:506	The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions.
28234963	12	31	theme	lipids	2049:2054	arg1	composition					1939:1949	the chemical composition	1926:1949	the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes	1926:2010	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	31	theme	lipids	2049:2054	arg1	synthesis					2029:2037	an increased synthesis	2016:2037	an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	2016:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	7	32	theme	injured	1285:1291	arg1	trees					1293:1297	injured trees	1285:1297	injured trees	1285:1297	The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees.
28234963	0	33	theme	qualitative	17:27	arg1	characteristics					29:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics	0:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees	0:125	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	1	34	theme	cell	260:263	arg1	walls					265:269	the cell walls	256:269	the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids	256:294	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	9	35	dep	the	1444:1446	arg1	leaves					1448:1453	leaves	1448:1453	leaves	1448:1453	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	3	36	theme	many	583:586	arg1	years					588:592	many years	583:592	many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat	583:728	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	3	37	contain	have	679:682	arg1	trees					668:672	trees	668:672	trees	668:672	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	3	37	contain	have	679:682	arg1	appearance					653:662	healthy appearance	645:662	healthy appearance	645:662	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	3	37	contain	have	679:682	arg2	symptoms					692:699	visible symptoms	684:699	visible symptoms of decay	684:708	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	9	38	theme	Chemical	1388:1395	arg1	analyses					1397:1404	Chemical analyses	1388:1404	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride	1388:1427	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	0	39	theme	cell	48:51	arg1	components					58:67	cell wall components	48:67	cell wall components	48:67	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	12	40	located	detected	1786:1793	arg1	symplasm					1815:1822	symplasm	1815:1822	symplasm	1815:1822	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	40	located	detected	1786:1793	arg1	apoplast					1802:1809	apoplast	1802:1809	apoplast	1802:1809	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	40	located	detected	1786:1793	arg2	part					1831:1834	part	1831:1834	part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	1831:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	40	located	detected	1786:1793	arg2	differences					1764:1774	the differences	1760:1774	the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm	1760:1822	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	41	theme	pectic	1988:1993	arg1	epitopes					2003:2010	the pectic and AGP epitopes	1984:2010	epitopes	2003:2010	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	5	42	theme	atomic	930:935	arg1	spectrophotometry					937:953	atomic spectrophotometry	930:953	atomic spectrophotometry	930:953	The sodium content was determined using atomic spectrophotometry, chloride using potentiometric titration and poly-isoprenoids using HPLC/UV.
28234963	5	42	theme	atomic	930:935	arg1	chloride					956:963	chloride	956:963	chloride using potentiometric titration and poly-isoprenoids using HPLC/UV	956:1029	The sodium content was determined using atomic spectrophotometry, chloride using potentiometric titration and poly-isoprenoids using HPLC/UV.
28234963	12	43	theme	AGP	1999:2001	arg1	epitopes					2003:2010	the pectic and AGP epitopes	1984:2010	epitopes	2003:2010	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	44	theme	defensive	1843:1851	arg1	strategy					1853:1860	the defensive strategy	1839:1860	the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	1839:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	3	45	theme	decay	704:708	arg1	symptoms					692:699	visible symptoms	684:699	visible symptoms of decay	684:708	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	4	46	theme	Leaf	731:734	arg1	samples					736:742	Leaf samples	731:742	Leaf samples	731:742	Leaf samples were collected from trees growing in the median strip between roadways that have been intensively salted during the winter season for many years.
28234963	0	47	theme	components	58:67	arg1	characteristics					29:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics	0:43	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees	0:125	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	0	48	theme	salt	141:144	arg1	stress					146:151	salt stress	141:151	salt stress	141:151	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	12	49	theme	increased	2019:2027	arg1	synthesis					2029:2037	an increased synthesis	2016:2037	an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	2016:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	9	50	theme	healthy	1534:1540	arg1	trees					1542:1546	healthy trees	1534:1546	healthy trees	1534:1546	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	1	51	from	presence	193:200	arg1	leaves					328:333	leaves	328:333	leaves	328:333	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	12	52	theme	cell	1958:1961	arg1	wall					1963:1966	the cell wall	1954:1966	the cell wall	1954:1966	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	0	53	theme	wall	53:56	arg1	components					58:67	cell wall components	48:67	cell wall components	48:67	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	3	54	dep	appearance	653:662	arg1	a					643:643	a	643:643	a	643:643	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	12	55	dep	apoplast	1802:1809	arg1	the					1798:1800	the	1798:1800	the	1798:1800	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	2	56	dep	The	362:364	arg1	analyzed					383:390	analyzed	383:390	were analyzed	378:390	The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions.
28234963	2	56	dep	The	362:364	arg1	leaves					366:371	leaves	366:371	leaves	366:371	The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions.
28234963	6	57	theme	immunohistochemistry	1071:1090	arg1	methods					1092:1098	immunohistochemistry methods	1071:1098	immunohistochemistry methods	1071:1098	AGPs and pectins were determined using immunohistochemistry methods.
28234963	10	58	theme	chromatographic	1558:1572	arg1	analysis					1574:1581	chromatographic analysis	1558:1581	chromatographic analysis	1558:1581	Based on chromatographic analysis, four poly-isoprenoid alcohols were identified in the leaves of T. x euchlora.
28234963	1	59	theme	prenyl	282:287	arg1	lipids					289:294	prenyl lipids	282:294	the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids	256:294	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	2	60	theme	stress	490:495	arg1	conditions					497:506	the same salt stress conditions	476:506	the same salt stress conditions	476:506	The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions.
28234963	5	61	theme	potentiometric	971:984	arg1	titration					986:994	potentiometric titration	971:994	potentiometric titration	971:994	The sodium content was determined using atomic spectrophotometry, chloride using potentiometric titration and poly-isoprenoids using HPLC/UV.
28234963	7	62	dep	leaves	1273:1278	arg1	contrast					1261:1268	contrast	1261:1268	contrast	1261:1268	The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees.
28234963	12	63	theme	prenyl	2042:2047	arg1	lipids					2049:2054	prenyl lipids	2042:2054	prenyl lipids	2042:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	2	64	theme	salt	485:488	arg1	conditions					497:506	the same salt stress conditions	476:506	the same salt stress conditions	476:506	The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions.
28234963	1	65	attach	presence	193:200	arg2	AGPs					231:234	AGPs	231:234	AGPs	231:234	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	65	attach	presence	193:200	arg2	pectins					241:247	pectins	241:247	pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids	241:294	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	65	attach	presence	193:200	arg2	sodium					297:302	sodium	297:302	sodium	297:302	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	65	attach	presence	193:200	arg2	content					317:323	chlorine content	308:323	chlorine content	308:323	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	65	attach	presence	193:200	arg1	leaves					328:333	leaves	328:333	leaves	328:333	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	65	attach	presence	193:200	arg2	proteins					221:228	arabinogalactan proteins	205:228	arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs)	205:235	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	8	66	theme	JIM16	1373:1377	arg1	epitope					1379:1385	the JIM16 epitope	1369:1385	the JIM16 epitope	1369:1385	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	9	67	theme	injured	1460:1466	arg1	trees					1468:1472	injured trees	1460:1472	injured trees	1460:1472	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	1	68	theme	arabinogalactan	205:219	arg1	proteins					221:228	arabinogalactan proteins	205:228	arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs)	205:235	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	1	68	theme	arabinogalactan	205:219	arg1	AGPs					231:234	AGPs	231:234	AGPs	231:234	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	0	69	theme	prenyl	73:78	arg1	lipids					80:85	prenyl lipids	73:85	prenyl lipids	73:85	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	11	70	dep	the	1704:1706	arg1	leaves					1708:1713	leaves	1708:1713	leaves	1708:1713	The levels of these lipids were higher in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	8	71	theme	AGPs	1315:1318	arg1	case					1307:1310	the case	1303:1310	the case of AGPs	1303:1318	In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope.
28234963	9	72	theme	chloride	1420:1427	arg1	analyses					1397:1404	Chemical analyses	1388:1404	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride	1388:1427	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	12	73	theme	chemical	1930:1937	arg1	composition					1939:1949	the chemical composition	1926:1949	the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes	1926:2010	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	9	74	dep	the	1518:1520	arg1	leaves					1522:1527	leaves	1522:1527	leaves	1522:1527	Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees.
28234963	1	75	theme	proteins	221:228	arg1	presence					193:200	the presence	189:200	the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees	189:359	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
28234963	12	76	theme	T.	1865:1866	arg1	strategy					1853:1860	the defensive strategy	1839:1860	the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	1839:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	0	77	from	characteristics	29:43	arg1	the					90:92	the	90:92	the	90:92	Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress.
28234963	3	78	theme	same	717:720	arg1	habitat					722:728	the same habitat	713:728	the same habitat	713:728	The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat.
28234963	12	79	theme	strategy	1853:1860	arg1	differences					1764:1774	the differences	1760:1774	the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm	1760:1822	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	12	79	theme	strategy	1853:1860	arg1	part					1831:1834	part	1831:1834	part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids	1831:2054	The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
28234963	7	80	theme	healthy	1244:1250	arg1	trees					1252:1256	healthy trees	1244:1256	healthy trees	1244:1256	The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees.
28234963	1	81	dep	Tilia	338:342	arg1	trees					355:359	trees	355:359	trees	355:359	The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees.
26475145	9	0	from	biomass	1581:1587	arg1	lipids					1611:1616	lipids	1611:1616	lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation)	1611:1710	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	4	1	theme	quenching	814:822	arg1	increase					784:791	increase	784:791	increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)	784:828	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	1	theme	quenching	814:822	arg1	decrease					717:724	a decrease	715:724	a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax)	715:778	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	6	2	theme	initial	1160:1166	arg1	stage					1168:1172	the initial stage	1156:1172	the initial stage in full nutrient culture	1156:1197	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	3	3	theme	nutrient	457:464	arg1	culture					466:472	The full nutrient culture	448:472	The full nutrient culture	448:472	The full nutrient culture showed high biomass production and starch accumulation at Day 1, when photosynthetic activity was high.
26475145	8	4	theme	L	1471:1471	arg1	day					1477:1479	~0.15 g L(-1) day	1463:1479	~0.15 g L(-1) day	1463:1479	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	4	theme	L	1471:1471	arg1	productivities					1485:1498	starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities	1422:1498	productivities	1485:1498	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	1	5	theme	microalga	218:226	arg1	Chlorophyta					245:255	Chlorophyta	245:255	Chlorophyta	245:255	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	1	5	theme	microalga	218:226	arg1	fusca					238:242	the green microalga Chlorella fusca	208:242	the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta)	208:256	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	4	6	from	accumulation	865:876	arg1	content					900:906	starch content	893:906	starch content	893:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	3	7	theme	biomass	486:492	arg1	production					494:503	high biomass production	481:503	high biomass production	481:503	The full nutrient culture showed high biomass production and starch accumulation at Day 1, when photosynthetic activity was high.
26475145	1	8	theme	limitation	154:163	arg1	effect					123:128	The effect	119:128	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR)	119:191	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	2	9	from	Growth	311:316	arg1	activity					373:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	7	10	theme	trial	1275:1279	arg1	end					1264:1266	the end	1260:1266	the end of the trial	1260:1279	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	8	11	contain	had	1364:1366	arg2	yield					1383:1387	higher biomass yield	1368:1387	higher biomass yield than starved treatments	1368:1411	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	11	contain	had	1364:1366	arg1	culture					1356:1362	The full nutrient culture	1338:1362	The full nutrient culture	1338:1362	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	6	12	theme	DW	1139:1140	arg1	DW					1139:1140	DW	1139:1140	DW	1139:1140	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	6	12	theme	DW	1139:1140	arg1	%					1134:1134	45-50 %	1128:1134	45-50 % of DW	1128:1140	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	1	13	theme	high	171:174	arg1	PAR					188:190	PAR	188:190	PAR	188:190	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	1	13	theme	high	171:174	arg1	irradiance					176:185	high irradiance	171:185	high irradiance (PAR)	171:191	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	4	14	theme	lipid	859:863	arg1	accumulation					865:876	lipid accumulation	859:876	lipid accumulation	859:876	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	9	15	theme	nutrient	1648:1655	arg1	stage					1665:1669	a nutrient replete stage	1646:1669	a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation	1646:1709	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	4	16	from	decline	882:888	arg1	content					900:906	starch content	893:906	starch content	893:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	17	from	onset	850:854	arg1	content					900:906	starch content	893:906	starch content	893:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	3	18	theme	photosynthetic	544:557	arg1	activity					559:566	photosynthetic activity	544:566	photosynthetic activity	544:566	The full nutrient culture showed high biomass production and starch accumulation at Day 1, when photosynthetic activity was high.
26475145	0	19	from	Lipid	55:59	arg1	Chlorophyta					105:115	Chlorophyta	105:115	Chlorophyta	105:115	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	0	19	from	Lipid	55:59	arg1	fusca					98:102	Chlorella fusca	88:102	Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta)	88:116	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	6	20	theme	nutrient	1182:1189	arg1	culture					1191:1197	full nutrient culture	1177:1197	full nutrient culture	1177:1197	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	4	21	theme	Day	684:686	arg1	onwards					690:696	Day 3 onwards	684:696	Day 3 onwards	684:696	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	6	22	dep	content	1119:1125	arg1	DW					1139:1140	DW	1139:1140	DW	1139:1140	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	6	22	dep	content	1119:1125	arg1	%					1134:1134	45-50 %	1128:1134	45-50 % of DW	1128:1140	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	6	23	theme	High	1107:1110	arg1	content					1119:1125	High starch content	1107:1125	High starch content (45-50 % of DW)	1107:1141	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	9	24	theme	nutrient	1691:1698	arg1	limitation					1700:1709	gradual nutrient limitation	1683:1709	gradual nutrient limitation	1683:1709	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	9	25	dep	strategy	1636:1643	arg1	stage					1665:1669	a nutrient replete stage	1646:1669	a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation	1646:1709	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	0	26	theme	Starch	65:70	arg1	Accumulation					72:83	Starch Accumulation	65:83	Starch Accumulation	65:83	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	0	27	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	Lipid					55:59	Lipid	55:59	Lipid	55:59	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	0	27	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	Accumulation					72:83	Starch Accumulation	65:83	Starch Accumulation	65:83	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	6	28	theme	nutrient-starved	1230:1245	arg1	cultures					1247:1254	nutrient-starved cultures	1230:1254	nutrient-starved cultures	1230:1254	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	5	29	theme	biomass	1016:1022	arg1	production					1024:1033	biomass production	1016:1033	biomass production	1016:1033	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	8	30	theme	higher	1368:1373	arg1	yield					1383:1387	higher biomass yield	1368:1387	higher biomass yield than starved treatments	1368:1411	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	5	31	theme	lipid	1076:1080	arg1	accumulation					1093:1104	lipid and starch accumulation	1076:1104	accumulation	1093:1104	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	2	32	theme	chlorophyll	391:401	arg1	fluorescence					405:416	in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence	383:416	in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence	383:416	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	2	32	theme	chlorophyll	391:401	arg1	Growth					311:316	Growth	311:316	Growth	311:316	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	2	33	theme	in	383:384	arg1	fluorescence					405:416	in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence	383:416	in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence	383:416	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	2	33	theme	in	383:384	arg1	Growth					311:316	Growth	311:316	Growth	311:316	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	0	34	theme	Nutrient	10:17	arg1	Starvation					19:28	Nutrient Starvation	10:28	Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance	10:50	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	5	35	theme	starch	1086:1091	arg1	accumulation					1093:1104	lipid and starch accumulation	1076:1104	accumulation	1093:1104	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	8	36	theme	starved	1394:1400	arg1	treatments					1402:1411	starved treatments	1394:1411	starved treatments	1394:1411	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	4	37	theme	rate	765:768	arg1	increase					784:791	increase	784:791	increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)	784:828	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	37	theme	rate	765:768	arg1	decrease					717:724	a decrease	715:724	a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax)	715:778	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	2	38	dep	in	383:384	arg1	vivo					386:389	vivo	386:389	vivo	386:389	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	9	39	theme	starch	1782:1787	arg1	contents					1789:1796	both high lipid and starch contents	1762:1796	contents	1789:1796	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	4	40	theme	maximum	729:735	arg1	rate					765:768	maximum relative electron transport rate	729:768	maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax)	729:778	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	40	theme	maximum	729:735	arg1	rETRmax					771:777	rETRmax	771:777	rETRmax	771:777	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	9	41	theme	fusca	1595:1599	arg1	biomass					1581:1587	biomass	1581:1587	biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation)	1581:1710	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	8	42	theme	g	1435:1435	arg1	L					1437:1437	~0.2 g L(-1)	1430:1441	~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)	1430:1449	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	4	43	theme	electron	746:753	arg1	rate					765:768	maximum relative electron transport rate	729:768	maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax)	729:778	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	43	theme	electron	746:753	arg1	rETRmax					771:777	rETRmax	771:777	rETRmax	771:777	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	6	44	from	stage	1168:1172	arg1	culture					1191:1197	full nutrient culture	1177:1197	full nutrient culture	1177:1197	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	7	45	theme	DW	1333:1334	arg1	DW					1333:1334	DW	1333:1334	DW	1333:1334	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	7	45	theme	DW	1333:1334	arg1	%					1328:1328	~30 %	1324:1328	~30 % of DW	1324:1334	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	4	46	from	content	900:906	arg1	onset					850:854	the onset	846:854	the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content	846:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	9	47	theme	%	1602:1602	arg1	fusca					1595:1599	C. fusca	1592:1599	C. fusca (% DW)	1592:1606	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	9	47	theme	%	1602:1602	arg1	DW					1604:1605	% DW	1602:1605	% DW	1602:1605	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	3	48	theme	full	452:455	arg1	culture					466:472	The full nutrient culture	448:472	The full nutrient culture	448:472	The full nutrient culture showed high biomass production and starch accumulation at Day 1, when photosynthetic activity was high.
26475145	1	49	theme	green	212:216	arg1	Chlorophyta					245:255	Chlorophyta	245:255	Chlorophyta	245:255	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	1	49	theme	green	212:216	arg1	fusca					238:242	the green microalga Chlorella fusca	208:242	the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta)	208:256	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	5	50	theme	cell	1036:1039	arg1	number					1041:1046	cell number	1036:1046	cell number	1036:1046	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	4	51	theme	non-photochemical	796:812	arg1	quenching					814:822	non-photochemical quenching	796:822	non-photochemical quenching (NPQ)	796:828	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	51	theme	non-photochemical	796:812	arg1	NPQ					825:827	NPQ	825:827	NPQ	825:827	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	8	52	theme	g	1469:1469	arg1	day					1477:1479	~0.15 g L(-1) day	1463:1479	~0.15 g L(-1) day	1463:1479	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	52	theme	g	1469:1469	arg1	productivities					1485:1498	starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities	1422:1498	productivities	1485:1498	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	1	53	theme	Chlorella	228:236	arg1	Chlorophyta					245:255	Chlorophyta	245:255	Chlorophyta	245:255	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	1	53	theme	Chlorella	228:236	arg1	fusca					238:242	the green microalga Chlorella fusca	208:242	the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta)	208:256	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	7	54	theme	high	1304:1307	arg1	content					1315:1321	high lipid content	1304:1321	high lipid content (~30 % of DW)	1304:1335	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	9	55	theme	two-stage	1626:1634	arg1	strategy					1636:1643	a two-stage strategy	1624:1643	a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation)	1624:1710	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	3	56	theme	high	481:484	arg1	production					494:503	high biomass production	481:503	high biomass production	481:503	The full nutrient culture showed high biomass production and starch accumulation at Day 1, when photosynthetic activity was high.
26475145	1	57	theme	sulphur	146:152	arg1	limitation					154:163	sulphur limitation	146:163	sulphur limitation	146:163	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	7	58	theme	lipid	1309:1313	arg1	content					1315:1321	high lipid content	1304:1321	high lipid content (~30 % of DW)	1304:1335	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	8	59	from	similar	1512:1518	arg1	cultures					1531:1538	all the cultures	1523:1538	all the cultures	1523:1538	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	2	60	from	composition	327:337	arg1	activity					373:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	6	61	theme	stationary	1210:1219	arg1	phase					1221:1225	the stationary phase	1206:1225	the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures	1206:1254	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	3	62	theme	starch	509:514	arg1	accumulation					516:527	starch accumulation	509:527	starch accumulation	509:527	The full nutrient culture showed high biomass production and starch accumulation at Day 1, when photosynthetic activity was high.
26475145	0	63	from	Accumulation	72:83	arg1	Chlorophyta					105:115	Chlorophyta	105:115	Chlorophyta	105:115	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	0	63	from	Accumulation	72:83	arg1	fusca					98:102	Chlorella fusca	88:102	Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta)	88:116	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	4	64	theme	Gradual	578:584	arg1	deprivation					586:596	Gradual deprivation	578:596	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added)	578:617	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	9	65	theme	replete	1657:1663	arg1	stage					1665:1669	a nutrient replete stage	1646:1669	a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation	1646:1709	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	5	66	theme	substantial	996:1006	arg1	drop					1008:1011	a substantial drop	994:1011	a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation	994:1104	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	8	67	theme	full	1342:1345	arg1	culture					1356:1362	The full nutrient culture	1338:1362	The full nutrient culture	1338:1362	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	6	68	theme	full	1177:1180	arg1	culture					1191:1197	full nutrient culture	1177:1197	full nutrient culture	1177:1197	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	6	69	theme	starch	1112:1117	arg1	content					1119:1125	High starch content	1107:1125	High starch content (45-50 % of DW)	1107:1141	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	9	70	theme	gradual	1683:1689	arg1	limitation					1700:1709	gradual nutrient limitation	1683:1709	gradual nutrient limitation	1683:1709	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	4	71	theme	starch	893:898	arg1	content					900:906	starch content	893:906	starch content	893:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	1	72	theme	starch	290:295	arg1	accumulation					297:308	lipid and/or starch accumulation	277:308	accumulation	297:308	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	1	73	theme	nitrogen	133:140	arg1	effect					123:128	The effect	119:128	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR)	119:191	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	8	74	theme	nutrient	1347:1354	arg1	culture					1356:1362	The full nutrient culture	1338:1362	The full nutrient culture	1338:1362	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	0	75	theme	Chlorella	88:96	arg1	Chlorophyta					105:115	Chlorophyta	105:115	Chlorophyta	105:115	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	0	75	theme	Chlorella	88:96	arg1	fusca					98:102	Chlorella fusca	88:102	Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta)	88:116	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	4	76	theme	accumulation	865:876	arg1	onset					850:854	the onset	846:854	the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content	846:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	6	77	from	phase	1221:1225	arg1	cultures					1247:1254	nutrient-starved cultures	1230:1254	nutrient-starved cultures	1230:1254	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	8	78	from	cultures	1531:1538	arg1	similar					1512:1518	similar	1512:1518	similar	1512:1518	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	6	79	located	found	1147:1151	arg2	content					1119:1125	High starch content	1107:1125	High starch content (45-50 % of DW)	1107:1141	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	6	79	located	found	1147:1151	arg1	stage					1168:1172	the initial stage	1156:1172	the initial stage in full nutrient culture	1156:1197	High starch content (45-50 % of DW) was found at the initial stage in full nutrient culture and at the stationary phase in nutrient-starved cultures.
26475145	4	80	theme	decline	882:888	arg1	onset					850:854	the onset	846:854	the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content	846:906	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	8	81	theme	biomass	1375:1381	arg1	yield					1383:1387	higher biomass yield	1368:1387	higher biomass yield than starved treatments	1368:1411	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	82	dep	day	1477:1479	arg1	-1					1481:1482	-1	1481:1482	-1	1481:1482	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	2	83	theme	a	403:403	arg1	fluorescence					405:416	in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence	383:416	in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence	383:416	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	2	83	theme	a	403:403	arg1	Growth					311:316	Growth	311:316	Growth	311:316	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	0	84	theme	Starvation	19:28	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).	0:117	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	4	85	dep	suppressed	672:681	arg1	onwards					690:696	Day 3 onwards	684:696	Day 3 onwards	684:696	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	0	86	theme	High	36:39	arg1	Irradiance					41:50	High Irradiance	36:50	High Irradiance	36:50	Effect of Nutrient Starvation under High Irradiance on Lipid and Starch Accumulation in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta).
26475145	5	87	theme	accumulation	1093:1104	arg1	induction					1063:1071	induction	1063:1071	induction of lipid and starch accumulation	1063:1104	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	87	theme	accumulation	1093:1104	arg1	biovolume					1049:1057	biovolume	1049:1057	biovolume	1049:1057	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	87	theme	accumulation	1093:1104	arg1	production					1024:1033	biomass production	1016:1033	biomass production	1016:1033	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	87	theme	accumulation	1093:1104	arg1	number					1041:1046	cell number	1036:1046	cell number	1036:1046	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	9	88	theme	high	1767:1770	arg1	lipid					1772:1776	both high lipid and starch contents	1762:1796	lipid	1772:1776	Our results showed that we could enrich biomass of C. fusca (% DW) in lipids using a two-stage strategy (a nutrient replete stage followed by gradual nutrient limitation) while under either procedure, N- or S-starvation, both high lipid and starch contents could be achieved.
26475145	4	89	theme	transport	755:763	arg1	rate					765:768	maximum relative electron transport rate	729:768	maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax)	729:778	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	89	theme	transport	755:763	arg1	rETRmax					771:777	rETRmax	771:777	rETRmax	771:777	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	2	90	theme	photosynthetic	358:371	arg1	activity					373:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	7	91	dep	content	1315:1321	arg1	DW					1333:1334	DW	1333:1334	DW	1333:1334	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	7	91	dep	content	1315:1321	arg1	%					1328:1328	~30 %	1324:1328	~30 % of DW	1324:1334	By the end of the trial, all treatments showed high lipid content (~30 % of DW).
26475145	4	92	dep	deprivation	586:596	arg1	nutrients					602:610	no nutrients	599:610	no nutrients added	599:616	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	8	93	dep	starch	1422:1427	arg1	day					1443:1445	~0.2 g L(-1) day	1430:1445	~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)	1430:1449	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	93	dep	starch	1422:1427	arg1	-1					1447:1448	-1	1447:1448	-1	1447:1448	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	1	94	theme	lipid	277:281	arg1	accumulation					297:308	lipid and/or starch accumulation	277:308	accumulation	297:308	The effect of nitrogen and sulphur limitation under high irradiance (PAR) was studied in the green microalga Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) in order to follow lipid and/or starch accumulation.
26475145	5	95	theme	N-	912:913	arg1	cultures					929:936	N- and S-starved cultures	912:936	N- and S-starved cultures	912:936	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	2	96	from	changes	347:353	arg1	activity					373:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	photosynthetic activity	358:380	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
26475145	8	97	theme	L	1437:1437	arg1	day					1443:1445	~0.2 g L(-1) day	1430:1445	~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)	1430:1449	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	97	theme	L	1437:1437	arg1	-1					1447:1448	-1	1447:1448	-1	1447:1448	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	98	theme	lipid	1456:1460	arg1	day					1477:1479	~0.15 g L(-1) day	1463:1479	~0.15 g L(-1) day	1463:1479	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	8	98	theme	lipid	1456:1460	arg1	productivities					1485:1498	starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities	1422:1498	productivities	1485:1498	The full nutrient culture had higher biomass yield than starved treatments although starch (~0.2 g L(-1) day(-1)) and lipid (~0.15 g L(-1) day(-1) productivities were fairly similar in all the cultures.
26475145	5	99	from	drop	1008:1011	arg1	induction					1063:1071	induction	1063:1071	induction of lipid and starch accumulation	1063:1104	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	99	from	drop	1008:1011	arg1	biovolume					1049:1057	biovolume	1049:1057	biovolume	1049:1057	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	99	from	drop	1008:1011	arg1	production					1024:1033	biomass production	1016:1033	biomass production	1016:1033	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	99	from	drop	1008:1011	arg1	number					1041:1046	cell number	1036:1046	cell number	1036:1046	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	5	100	theme	S-starved	919:927	arg1	cultures					929:936	N- and S-starved cultures	912:936	N- and S-starved cultures	912:936	In N- and S-starved cultures, rETRmax significantly decreased by Day 3, which caused a substantial drop in biomass production, cell number, biovolume and induction of lipid and starch accumulation.
26475145	4	101	theme	relative	737:744	arg1	rate					765:768	maximum relative electron transport rate	729:768	maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax)	729:778	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	4	101	theme	relative	737:744	arg1	rETRmax					771:777	rETRmax	771:777	rETRmax	771:777	Gradual deprivation (no nutrients added) became evident when photosynthesis was significantly suppressed (Day 3 onwards), which entailed a decrease of maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and increase of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), accompanied by the onset of lipid accumulation and decline in starch content.
26475145	2	102	theme	biomass	319:325	arg1	composition					327:337	biomass composition	319:337	biomass composition	319:337	Growth, biomass composition and the changes in photosynthetic activity (in vivo chlorophyll a fluorescence) were followed in the trials.
25038712	3	0	contain	has	469:471	arg2	activity					504:511	a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity	473:511	a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values	473:548	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	3	0	contain	has	469:471	arg1	oil					465:467	The essential oil	451:467	The essential oil	451:467	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	5	1	theme	genipin	892:898	arg1	concentration					900:912	a genipin concentration	890:912	a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin	890:933	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	6	2	theme	μm	1006:1007	arg1	potential					1049:1057	potential	1049:1057	potential for its application in food preservation	1049:1098	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	2	theme	μm	1006:1007	arg1	chemistry					1020:1028	strong chemistry	1013:1028	strong chemistry	1013:1028	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	2	theme	μm	1006:1007	arg1	size					986:989	a particle size	975:989	a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm	975:1007	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	3	from	application	1067:1077	arg1	preservation					1087:1098	food preservation	1082:1098	food preservation	1082:1098	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	4	4	theme	coacervation	671:682	arg1	microcapsules					684:696	complex coacervation microcapsules	663:696	complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker	663:747	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	3	5	theme	inhibition	518:527	arg1	zones					529:533	inhibition zones	518:533	inhibition zones	518:533	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	6	6	theme	particle	977:984	arg1	potential					1049:1057	potential	1049:1057	potential for its application in food preservation	1049:1098	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	6	theme	particle	977:984	arg1	size					986:989	a particle size	975:989	a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm	975:1007	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	4	7	with	microcapsules	684:696	arg1	cross-linker					736:747	a natural water-soluble cross-linker	712:747	a natural water-soluble cross-linker	712:747	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	4	7	with	microcapsules	684:696	arg1	genipin					703:709	genipin	703:709	genipin	703:709	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	2	8	with	oil	386:388	arg1	isothiocyanate					401:414	allyl isothiocyanate	395:414	allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%)	395:448	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	6	9	theme	food	1082:1085	arg1	preservation					1087:1098	food preservation	1082:1098	food preservation	1082:1098	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	2	10	theme	essential	376:384	arg1	oil					386:388	the mustard seed essential oil	359:388	the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%)	359:448	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	0	11	theme	essential	99:107	arg1	oil					109:111	essential oil	99:111	essential oil	99:111	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	0	12	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	1	13	theme	essential	157:165	arg1	oil					167:169	the essential oil	153:169	the essential oil from mustard seed	153:187	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	4	14	theme	water-soluble	722:734	arg1	cross-linker					736:747	a natural water-soluble cross-linker	712:747	a natural water-soluble cross-linker	712:747	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	4	14	theme	water-soluble	722:734	arg1	genipin					703:709	genipin	703:709	genipin	703:709	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	2	15	theme	mustard	363:369	arg1	oil					386:388	the mustard seed essential oil	359:388	the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%)	359:448	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	2	16	theme	main	426:429	arg1	component					431:439	the main component	422:439	the main component (71.06%)	422:448	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	2	16	theme	main	426:429	arg1	%					447:447	71.06%	442:447	71.06%	442:447	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	0	17	dep	Sinapis	80:86	arg1	alba					88:91	Sinapis alba	80:91	Sinapis alba	80:91	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	0	18	theme	antimicrobial	22:34	arg1	property					36:43	antimicrobial property	22:43	antimicrobial property	22:43	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	5	19	theme	genipin-hardened	812:827	arg1	microcapsules					843:855	the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	808:855	the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	808:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	0	20	theme	complex	116:122	arg1	coacervation					124:135	complex coacervation	116:135	complex coacervation	116:135	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	5	21	theme	microcapsules	843:855	arg1	effectiveness					791:803	the hardening effectiveness	777:803	the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	777:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	4	22	theme	natural	714:720	arg1	cross-linker					736:747	a natural water-soluble cross-linker	712:747	a natural water-soluble cross-linker	712:747	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	4	22	theme	natural	714:720	arg1	genipin					703:709	genipin	703:709	genipin	703:709	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	6	23	theme	strong	1013:1018	arg1	chemistry					1020:1028	strong chemistry	1013:1028	strong chemistry	1013:1028	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	3	24	theme	MIC	539:541	arg1	values					543:548	MIC values	539:548	MIC values	539:548	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	2	25	theme	allyl	395:399	arg1	isothiocyanate					401:414	allyl isothiocyanate	395:414	allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%)	395:448	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	3	26	with	activity	504:511	arg1	zones					529:533	inhibition zones	518:533	inhibition zones	518:533	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	3	26	with	activity	504:511	arg1	values					543:548	MIC values	539:548	MIC values	539:548	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	6	27	contain	had	971:973	arg2	size					986:989	a particle size	975:989	a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm	975:1007	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	27	contain	had	971:973	arg1	microcapsules					957:969	The genipin-hardened microcapsules	936:969	The genipin-hardened microcapsules	936:969	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	27	contain	had	971:973	arg2	chemistry					1020:1028	strong chemistry	1013:1028	strong chemistry	1013:1028	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	6	27	contain	had	971:973	arg2	potential					1049:1057	potential	1049:1057	potential for its application in food preservation	1049:1098	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	4	28	theme	essential	616:624	arg1	oil					626:628	The essential oil	612:628	The essential oil	612:628	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	4	29	theme	complex	663:669	arg1	microcapsules					684:696	complex coacervation microcapsules	663:696	complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker	663:747	The essential oil was subsequently encapsulated in complex coacervation microcapsules with genipin, a natural water-soluble cross-linker.
25038712	1	30	theme	gas	274:276	arg1	GC-MS					312:316	GC-MS	312:316	GC-MS	312:316	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	1	30	theme	gas	274:276	arg1	spectrometry					298:309	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	274:309	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)	274:317	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	5	31	theme	hardening	781:789	arg1	effectiveness					791:803	the hardening effectiveness	777:803	the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	777:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	5	32	theme	essential	829:837	arg1	microcapsules					843:855	the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	808:855	the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	808:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	1	33	theme	chromatography-mass	278:296	arg1	GC-MS					312:316	GC-MS	312:316	GC-MS	312:316	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	1	33	theme	chromatography-mass	278:296	arg1	spectrometry					298:309	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	274:309	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)	274:317	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	5	34	theme	optimum	754:760	arg1	8h					862:863	8h	862:863	8h	862:863	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	5	34	theme	optimum	754:760	arg1	parameters					762:771	The optimum parameters	750:771	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	750:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	3	35	theme	essential	455:463	arg1	oil					465:467	The essential oil	451:467	The essential oil	451:467	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	5	36	with	8h	862:863	arg1	concentration					900:912	a genipin concentration	890:912	a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin	890:933	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	1	37	from	seed	184:187	arg1	oil					167:169	the essential oil	153:169	the essential oil from mustard seed	153:187	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	5	38	theme	g/g	923:925	arg1	gelatin					927:933	0.075 g/g gelatin	917:933	0.075 g/g gelatin	917:933	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	6	39	dep	size	986:989	arg1	stability					1030:1038	stability	1030:1038	stability	1030:1038	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
25038712	3	40	theme	μg/mL	592:596	arg1	range					557:561	the range	553:561	the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively	553:609	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	5	41	from	pH	877:878	arg1	8h					862:863	8h	862:863	8h	862:863	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	5	41	from	pH	877:878	arg1	parameters					762:771	The optimum parameters	750:771	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	750:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	5	42	theme	gelatin	927:933	arg1	concentration					900:912	a genipin concentration	890:912	a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin	890:933	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	1	43	theme	simultaneous	205:216	arg1	distillation					224:235	simultaneous steam distillation	205:235	simultaneous steam distillation	205:235	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	3	44	theme	mm	577:578	arg1	range					557:561	the range	553:561	the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively	553:609	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	3	45	theme	broad-spectrum	475:488	arg1	activity					504:511	a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity	473:511	a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values	473:548	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	2	46	theme	seed	371:374	arg1	oil					386:388	the mustard seed essential oil	359:388	the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%)	359:448	Fourteen components were identified in the mustard seed essential oil with allyl isothiocyanate being the main component (71.06%).
25038712	1	47	theme	steam	218:222	arg1	distillation					224:235	simultaneous steam distillation	205:235	simultaneous steam distillation	205:235	In this study, the essential oil from mustard seed was isolated by simultaneous steam distillation and extraction (SDE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
25038712	0	48	theme	Mustard	71:77	arg1	microencapsulation					49:66	microencapsulation	49:66	microencapsulation	49:66	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	0	48	theme	Mustard	71:77	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	0	48	theme	Mustard	71:77	arg1	property					36:43	antimicrobial property	22:43	antimicrobial property	22:43	Chemical composition, antimicrobial property and microencapsulation of Mustard (Sinapis alba) seed essential oil by complex coacervation.
25038712	5	49	theme	oil	839:841	arg1	microcapsules					843:855	the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	808:855	the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	808:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	5	50	from	40°C	868:871	arg1	8h					862:863	8h	862:863	8h	862:863	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	5	50	from	40°C	868:871	arg1	parameters					762:771	The optimum parameters	750:771	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules	750:855	The optimum parameters for the hardening effectiveness of the genipin-hardened essential oil microcapsules were 8h at 40°C and pH 10.0 with a genipin concentration of 0.075 g/g gelatin.
25038712	3	51	theme	antimicrobial	490:502	arg1	activity					504:511	a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity	473:511	a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values	473:548	The essential oil has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with inhibition zones and MIC values in the range of 9.68-15.57 mm and 128-512 μg/mL respectively.
25038712	6	52	theme	genipin-hardened	940:955	arg1	microcapsules					957:969	The genipin-hardened microcapsules	936:969	The genipin-hardened microcapsules	936:969	The genipin-hardened microcapsules had a particle size of mainly 5-10 μm and strong chemistry stability which is potential for its application in food preservation.
28223125	1	0	theme	ovariectomized	337:350	arg1	rats					352:355	ovariectomized rats	337:355	ovariectomized rats	337:355	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	6	1	theme	smaller	1206:1212	arg1	number					1214:1219	a smaller number	1204:1219	a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters	1204:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	1	theme	smaller	1206:1212	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	11	2	from	viability	2027:2035	arg1	rats					2055:2058	ovariectomized rats	2040:2058	ovariectomized rats	2040:2058	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	11	3	dep	attenuates	1928:1937	arg1	preserving					2011:2020	preserving	2011:2020	preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats	2011:2058	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	11	3	dep	attenuates	1928:1937	arg1	improving					1972:1980	improving	1972:1980	improving cartilage matrix quality	1972:2005	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	8	4	theme	increased	1582:1590	arg1	number					1592:1597	increased number	1582:1597	increased number of clusters	1582:1609	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	2	5	theme	SrR	521:523	arg1	SrR625					540:545	SrR625	540:545	SrR625	540:545	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	5	theme	SrR	521:523	arg1	625 mg/kg/day					525:537	SrR 625 mg/kg/day	521:537	control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV)	468:591	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	5	6	theme	Research	1052:1059	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	1	7	from	cartilage	324:332	arg1	rats					352:355	ovariectomized rats	337:355	ovariectomized rats	337:355	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	11	8	theme	ovariectomized	2040:2053	arg1	rats					2055:2058	ovariectomized rats	2040:2058	ovariectomized rats	2040:2058	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	2	9	theme	DESIGN	358:363	arg1	rats					397:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	5	10	dep	system	1099:1104	arg1	analyses					1136:1143	analyses	1136:1143	analyses	1136:1143	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	8	11	theme	OARSI	1537:1541	arg1	grade					1543:1547	increased OARSI grade	1527:1547	increased OARSI grade	1527:1547	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	0	12	theme	articular	98:106	arg1	cartilage					108:116	the articular cartilage	94:116	the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats	94:139	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	5	13	theme	Society	1061:1067	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	300 mg/kg/day					497:509	SrR 300 mg/kg/day	493:509	control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV)	468:591	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	625 mg/kg/day					557:569	SrR 625 mg/kg/day	553:569	SrR 625 mg/kg/day	553:569	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	SrR300					512:517	SrR300	512:517	SrR300	512:517	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	SrR625					540:545	SrR625	540:545	SrR625	540:545	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	MV					576:577	MV	576:577	MV	576:577	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	SrR625 + MV					580:590	SrR625 + MV	580:590	SrR625 + MV	580:590	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	MV					549:550	MV	549:550	control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV)	468:591	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	14	dep	group	476:480	arg1	625 mg/kg/day					525:537	SrR 625 mg/kg/day	521:537	control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV)	468:591	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	8	15	theme	collagen	1643:1650	arg1	expression					1621:1630	elevated expression	1612:1630	elevated expression of type II collagen	1612:1650	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	15	theme	collagen	1643:1650	arg1	number					1592:1597	increased number	1582:1597	increased number of clusters	1582:1609	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	15	theme	collagen	1643:1650	arg1	number					1558:1563	number	1558:1563	number of chondrocytes	1558:1579	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	15	theme	collagen	1643:1650	arg1	death					1661:1665	cell death	1656:1665	cell death	1656:1665	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	5	16	theme	OARSI	1084:1088	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	8	17	theme	increased	1527:1535	arg1	grade					1543:1547	increased OARSI grade	1527:1547	increased OARSI grade	1527:1547	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	18	theme	elevated	1612:1619	arg1	expression					1621:1630	elevated expression	1612:1630	elevated expression of type II collagen	1612:1650	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	6	19	theme	sulfate	1278:1284	arg1	number					1214:1219	a smaller number	1204:1219	a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters	1204:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	19	theme	sulfate	1278:1284	arg1	levels					1256:1261	increased levels	1246:1261	increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1246:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	19	theme	sulfate	1278:1284	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	19	theme	sulfate	1278:1284	arg1	expression					1305:1314	decreased expression	1295:1314	decreased expression of caspase-3	1295:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	5	20	theme	type	1019:1022	arg1	collagen					1027:1034	type II collagen	1019:1034	type II collagen	1019:1034	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	6	21	theme	OARSI	1191:1195	arg1	number					1214:1219	a smaller number	1204:1219	a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters	1204:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	21	theme	OARSI	1191:1195	arg1	levels					1256:1261	increased levels	1246:1261	increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1246:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	21	theme	OARSI	1191:1195	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	21	theme	OARSI	1191:1195	arg1	expression					1305:1314	decreased expression	1295:1314	decreased expression of caspase-3	1295:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	8	22	theme	CS	1712:1713	arg1	CS					1712:1713	CS	1712:1713	CS	1712:1713	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	22	theme	CS	1712:1713	arg1	amounts					1701:1707	decreased amounts	1691:1707	decreased amounts of CS and HA	1691:1720	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	22	theme	CS	1712:1713	arg1	HA					1719:1720	HA	1719:1720	HA	1719:1720	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	5	23	theme	cell	930:933	arg1	caspase-3					942:950	caspase-3	942:950	caspase-3	942:950	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	23	theme	cell	930:933	arg1	death					935:939	cell death	930:939	cell death (caspase-3)	930:951	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	2	24	theme	SrR	493:495	arg1	300 mg/kg/day					497:509	SrR 300 mg/kg/day	493:509	control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV)	468:591	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	24	theme	SrR	493:495	arg1	SrR300					512:517	SrR300	512:517	SrR300	512:517	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	4	25	theme	body	760:763	arg1	composition					765:775	body composition	760:775	body composition	760:775	Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were evaluated by densitometry.
28223125	5	26	dep	days	847:850	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	26	dep	days	847:850	arg1	GAGs					1130:1133	GAGs	1130:1133	GAGs	1130:1133	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	26	dep	days	847:850	arg1	analysis					910:917	immunohistochemistry analysis	889:917	90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses	844:1143	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	26	dep	days	847:850	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					1110:1127	glycosaminoglycans	1110:1127	glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)	1110:1134	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	1	27	theme	different	182:190	arg1	doses					217:221	different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses	182:221	different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity	182:264	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	5	28	theme	grading	1091:1097	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	11	29	theme	matrix	1992:1997	arg1	quality					1999:2005	cartilage matrix quality	1982:2005	cartilage matrix quality	1982:2005	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	1	30	theme	strontium	192:200	arg1	SrR					212:214	SrR	212:214	SrR	212:214	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	1	30	theme	strontium	192:200	arg1	ranelate					202:209	strontium ranelate	192:209	different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity	182:264	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	0	31	theme	Different	0:8	arg1	doses					10:14	Different doses	0:14	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration	0:61	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	1	32	theme	mechanical	285:294	arg1	MV					307:308	MV	307:308	MV	307:308	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	1	32	theme	mechanical	285:294	arg1	vibration					296:304	mechanical vibration	285:304	mechanical vibration (MV)	285:309	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	11	33	theme	osteoarthritis	1939:1952	arg1	progression					1959:1969	osteoarthritis (OA) progression	1939:1969	osteoarthritis (OA) progression	1939:1969	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	2	34	theme	SrR	553:555	arg1	625 mg/kg/day					557:569	SrR 625 mg/kg/day	553:569	SrR 625 mg/kg/day	553:569	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	34	theme	SrR	553:555	arg1	SrR625 + MV					580:590	SrR625 + MV	580:590	SrR625 + MV	580:590	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	0	35	theme	strontium	19:27	arg1	ranelate					29:36	strontium ranelate	19:36	strontium ranelate	19:36	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	8	36	theme	HA	1719:1720	arg1	CS					1712:1713	CS	1712:1713	CS	1712:1713	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	36	theme	HA	1719:1720	arg1	amounts					1701:1707	decreased amounts	1691:1707	decreased amounts of CS and HA	1691:1720	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	36	theme	HA	1719:1720	arg1	HA					1719:1720	HA	1719:1720	HA	1719:1720	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	0	37	theme	rats	136:139	arg1	cartilage					108:116	the articular cartilage	94:116	the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats	94:139	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	6	38	theme	chondroitin	1266:1276	arg1	CS					1287:1288	CS	1287:1288	CS	1287:1288	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	38	theme	chondroitin	1266:1276	arg1	sulfate					1278:1284	chondroitin sulfate	1266:1284	chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1266:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	11	39	theme	cell	2022:2025	arg1	viability					2027:2035	cell viability	2022:2035	cell viability in ovariectomized rats	2022:2058	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	6	40	dep	RESULTS	1146:1152	arg1	exhibited					1173:1181	exhibited	1173:1181	exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3	1173:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	5	41	from	Changes	809:815	arg1	cartilage					820:828	cartilage	820:828	cartilage	820:828	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	3	42	dep	gavage	639:644	arg1	days/week					648:656	7 days/week	646:656	gavage 7 days/week	639:656	The vehicle and the SrR were administered by gavage 7 days/week and vibration (0.6 g/60 Hz) was performed for 20 min/day, 5 days/week.
28223125	0	43	theme	ovariectomized	121:134	arg1	rats					136:139	ovariectomized rats	121:139	ovariectomized rats	121:139	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	5	44	theme	immunohistochemistry	889:908	arg1	analysis					910:917	immunohistochemistry analysis	889:917	90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses	844:1143	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	45	theme	Osteoarthritis	1037:1050	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	6	46	theme	increased	1246:1254	arg1	levels					1256:1261	increased levels	1246:1261	increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1246:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	46	theme	increased	1246:1254	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	8	47	theme	clusters	1602:1609	arg1	expression					1621:1630	elevated expression	1612:1630	elevated expression of type II collagen	1612:1650	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	47	theme	clusters	1602:1609	arg1	number					1592:1597	increased number	1582:1597	increased number of clusters	1582:1609	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	47	theme	clusters	1602:1609	arg1	number					1558:1563	number	1558:1563	number of chondrocytes	1558:1579	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	47	theme	clusters	1602:1609	arg1	death					1661:1665	cell death	1656:1665	cell death	1656:1665	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	5	48	theme	tumor	954:958	arg1	TNF-α					979:983	TNF-α	979:983	TNF-α	979:983	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	48	theme	tumor	954:958	arg1	factor-α					969:976	tumor necrosis factor-α	954:976	tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	954:984	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	1	49	theme	ranelate	202:209	arg1	doses					217:221	different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses	182:221	different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity	182:264	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	0	50	theme	ranelate	29:36	arg1	doses					10:14	Different doses	0:14	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration	0:61	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	5	51	theme	International	1069:1081	arg1	system					1099:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system	1037:1104	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	2	52	theme	control	468:474	arg1	Control					483:489	Control	483:489	Control	483:489	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	2	52	theme	control	468:474	arg1	group					476:480	control group	468:480	control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV)	468:591	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	5	53	theme	necrosis	960:967	arg1	TNF-α					979:983	TNF-α	979:983	TNF-α	979:983	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	5	53	theme	necrosis	960:967	arg1	factor-α					969:976	tumor necrosis factor-α	954:976	tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)	954:984	Changes in cartilage were assessed 90 days after treatment by histomorphometry; immunohistochemistry analysis evaluating cell death (caspase-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and type II collagen; Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grading system and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) analyses.
28223125	1	54	theme	doses	217:221	arg1	effects					171:177	the effects	167:177	the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity	167:264	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	0	55	theme	vibration	53:61	arg1	doses					10:14	Different doses	0:14	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration	0:61	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	2	56	theme	Wistar	390:395	arg1	rats					397:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	6	57	theme	clusters	1236:1243	arg1	number					1214:1219	a smaller number	1204:1219	a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters	1204:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	57	theme	clusters	1236:1243	arg1	levels					1256:1261	increased levels	1246:1261	increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1246:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	57	theme	clusters	1236:1243	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	57	theme	clusters	1236:1243	arg1	expression					1305:1314	decreased expression	1295:1314	decreased expression of caspase-3	1295:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	58	theme	decreased	1295:1303	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	58	theme	decreased	1295:1303	arg1	expression					1305:1314	decreased expression	1295:1314	decreased expression of caspase-3	1295:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	8	59	theme	cell	1656:1659	arg1	death					1661:1665	cell death	1656:1665	cell death	1656:1665	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	9	60	theme	distinct	1806:1813	arg1	responses					1815:1823	distinct responses	1806:1823	distinct responses	1806:1823	CONCLUSIONS SrR and vibration modulate distinct responses in cartilage.
28223125	0	61	theme	mechanical	42:51	arg1	vibration					53:61	mechanical vibration	42:61	mechanical vibration	42:61	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	1	62	theme	articular	314:322	arg1	cartilage					324:332	articular cartilage	314:332	articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats	314:355	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	6	63	theme	chondrocyte	1224:1234	arg1	clusters					1236:1243	chondrocyte clusters	1224:1243	chondrocyte clusters	1224:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	64	theme	lower	1185:1189	arg1	number					1214:1219	a smaller number	1204:1219	a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters	1204:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	64	theme	lower	1185:1189	arg1	levels					1256:1261	increased levels	1246:1261	increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1246:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	64	theme	lower	1185:1189	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	64	theme	lower	1185:1189	arg1	expression					1305:1314	decreased expression	1295:1314	decreased expression of caspase-3	1295:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	9	65	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1767:1777	arg1	CONCLUSIONS					1767:1777	CONCLUSIONS SrR and vibration	1767:1795	CONCLUSIONS SrR and vibration	1767:1795	CONCLUSIONS SrR and vibration modulate distinct responses in cartilage.
28223125	9	65	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1767:1777	arg1	vibration					1787:1795	vibration	1787:1795	vibration	1787:1795	CONCLUSIONS SrR and vibration modulate distinct responses in cartilage.
28223125	9	65	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1767:1777	arg1	SrR					1779:1781	SrR	1779:1781	SrR	1779:1781	CONCLUSIONS SrR and vibration modulate distinct responses in cartilage.
28223125	4	66	theme	Bone	729:732	arg1	BMD					751:753	BMD	751:753	BMD	751:753	Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were evaluated by densitometry.
28223125	4	66	theme	Bone	729:732	arg1	density					742:748	Bone mineral density	729:748	Bone mineral density (BMD)	729:754	Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were evaluated by densitometry.
28223125	6	67	theme	SrR-treated	1154:1164	arg1	groups					1166:1171	SrR-treated groups	1154:1171	SrR-treated groups	1154:1171	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	7	68	theme	increased	1389:1397	arg1	levels					1399:1404	increased levels	1389:1404	increased levels of hyaluronic acid (HA)	1389:1428	Additionally, compared to all the groups, SrR300 exhibited increased levels of hyaluronic acid (HA).
28223125	11	69	from	300 mg/kg/day	1914:1926	arg1	treatment					1901:1909	SrR treatment	1897:1909	SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day	1897:1926	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	7	70	theme	hyaluronic	1409:1418	arg1	HA					1426:1427	HA	1426:1427	HA	1426:1427	Additionally, compared to all the groups, SrR300 exhibited increased levels of hyaluronic acid (HA).
28223125	7	70	theme	hyaluronic	1409:1418	arg1	acid					1420:1423	hyaluronic acid	1409:1423	hyaluronic acid (HA)	1409:1428	Additionally, compared to all the groups, SrR300 exhibited increased levels of hyaluronic acid (HA).
28223125	11	71	theme	SrR	1897:1899	arg1	treatment					1901:1909	SrR treatment	1897:1909	SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day	1897:1926	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	8	72	theme	type	1635:1638	arg1	collagen					1643:1650	type II collagen	1635:1650	type II collagen	1635:1650	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	10	73	theme	Combined	1839:1846	arg1	treatment					1848:1856	Combined treatment	1839:1856	Combined treatment	1839:1856	Combined treatment accelerates degeneration.
28223125	0	74	theme	distinct	72:79	arg1	responses					81:89	distinct responses	72:89	distinct responses	72:89	Different doses of strontium ranelate and mechanical vibration modulate distinct responses in the articular cartilage of ovariectomized rats.
28223125	7	75	theme	acid	1420:1423	arg1	levels					1399:1404	increased levels	1389:1404	increased levels of hyaluronic acid (HA)	1389:1428	Additionally, compared to all the groups, SrR300 exhibited increased levels of hyaluronic acid (HA).
28223125	11	76	theme	cartilage	1982:1990	arg1	quality					1999:2005	cartilage matrix quality	1982:2005	cartilage matrix quality	1982:2005	In contrast, SrR treatment at 300 mg/kg/day attenuates osteoarthritis (OA) progression, improving cartilage matrix quality and preserving cell viability in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	1	77	with	combination	235:245	arg1	low-intensity					252:264	low-intensity	252:264	low-intensity	252:264	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different strontium ranelate (SrR) doses alone or in combination with low-intensity and high-frequency mechanical vibration (MV) on articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats.
28223125	2	78	theme	female	383:388	arg1	rats					397:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
28223125	8	79	theme	chondrocytes	1568:1579	arg1	expression					1621:1630	elevated expression	1612:1630	elevated expression of type II collagen	1612:1650	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	79	theme	chondrocytes	1568:1579	arg1	number					1592:1597	increased number	1582:1597	increased number of clusters	1582:1609	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	79	theme	chondrocytes	1568:1579	arg1	number					1558:1563	number	1558:1563	number of chondrocytes	1558:1579	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	79	theme	chondrocytes	1568:1579	arg1	death					1661:1665	cell death	1656:1665	cell death	1656:1665	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	80	theme	cartilage	1485:1493	arg1	degradation					1495:1505	cartilage degradation	1485:1505	cartilage degradation	1485:1505	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	6	81	theme	caspase-3	1319:1327	arg1	number					1214:1219	a smaller number	1204:1219	a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters	1204:1243	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	81	theme	caspase-3	1319:1327	arg1	levels					1256:1261	increased levels	1246:1261	increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS)	1246:1289	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	81	theme	caspase-3	1319:1327	arg1	grade					1197:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	a lower OARSI grade	1183:1201	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	6	81	theme	caspase-3	1319:1327	arg1	expression					1305:1314	decreased expression	1295:1314	decreased expression of caspase-3	1295:1327	RESULTS SrR-treated groups exhibited a lower OARSI grade, a smaller number of chondrocyte clusters, increased levels of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and decreased expression of caspase-3.
28223125	4	82	theme	mineral	734:740	arg1	BMD					751:753	BMD	751:753	BMD	751:753	Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were evaluated by densitometry.
28223125	4	82	theme	mineral	734:740	arg1	density					742:748	Bone mineral density	729:748	Bone mineral density (BMD)	729:754	Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were evaluated by densitometry.
28223125	8	83	theme	decreased	1691:1699	arg1	CS					1712:1713	CS	1712:1713	CS	1712:1713	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	83	theme	decreased	1691:1699	arg1	amounts					1701:1707	decreased amounts	1691:1707	decreased amounts of CS and HA	1691:1720	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	8	83	theme	decreased	1691:1699	arg1	HA					1719:1720	HA	1719:1720	HA	1719:1720	Vibration applied alone or in combination accelerated cartilage degradation, as demonstrated by increased OARSI grade, reduced number of chondrocytes, increased number of clusters, elevated expression of type II collagen and cell death, and was accompanied by decreased amounts of CS and HA; however, MV alone was able to reduce MMP-9.
28223125	2	84	theme	6-month-old	371:381	arg1	rats					397:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats	358:400	DESIGN Fifty 6-month-old female Wistar rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) and after 3 months were divided into: control group (Control); SrR 300 mg/kg/day (SrR300); SrR 625 mg/kg/day (SrR625); MV; SrR 625 mg/kg/day plus MV (SrR625 + MV).
29169387	2	0	theme	flotation	512:520	arg1	solution					522:529	flotation solution	512:529	flotation solution	512:529	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	1	1	theme	parasites	358:366	arg1	quantification					328:341	quantification	328:341	quantification	328:341	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	1	theme	parasites	358:366	arg1	detection					314:322	detection	314:322	detection	314:322	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	5	2	theme	best	770:773	arg1	RESULTS					690:696	RESULTS	690:696	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique	690:760	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	5	2	theme	best	770:773	arg1	option					775:780	the best option	766:780	the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	766:840	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	1	3	theme	composition	161:171	arg1	correlates					143:152	environmental correlates	129:152	environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	129:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	6	4	theme	spp	910:912	arg1	spp					910:912	Controrchis spp	898:912	Controrchis spp	898:912	This technique displays an 83.3% and 100% detection of Controrchis spp.
29169387	6	4	theme	spp	910:912	arg1	%					874:874	83.3%	870:874	83.3%	870:874	This technique displays an 83.3% and 100% detection of Controrchis spp.
29169387	6	4	theme	spp	910:912	arg1	%					883:883	100%	880:883	100%	880:883	This technique displays an 83.3% and 100% detection of Controrchis spp.
29169387	11	5	theme	general	1374:1380	arg1	use					1382:1384	general use	1374:1384	general use	1374:1384	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	1	6	dep	detection	314:322	arg1	methods					343:349	methods	343:349	methods	343:349	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	2	7	theme	parasites	619:627	arg1	counts					593:598	counts	593:598	counts	593:598	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	2	7	theme	parasites	619:627	arg1	detection					579:587	egg detection	575:587	egg detection	575:587	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	1	8	from	composition	161:171	arg1	monkeys					230:236	black howler monkeys	217:236	black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	217:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	8	from	composition	161:171	arg1	pigra					248:252	pigra	248:252	pigra	248:252	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	2	9	theme	dilution	556:563	arg1	ratio					565:569	dilution ratio	556:569	dilution ratio	556:569	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	12	10	contain	has	1511:1513	arg2	rate					1532:1535	a high detection rate	1515:1535	a high detection rate	1515:1535	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	12	10	contain	has	1511:1513	arg1	technique					1501:1509	The technique	1497:1509	The technique	1497:1509	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	12	10	contain	has	1511:1513	arg2	counts					1554:1559	the best EPG counts	1541:1559	the best EPG counts	1541:1559	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	2	11	theme	common	612:617	arg1	parasites					619:627	the most common parasites	603:627	the most common parasites (Controrchis spp	603:644	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	12	12	theme	specialized	1684:1694	arg1	equipment					1696:1704	specialized equipment	1684:1704	specialized equipment	1684:1704	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	12	13	theme	load	1625:1628	arg1	analysis					1604:1611	the qualitative and quantitative analysis	1571:1611	the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load	1571:1628	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	0	14	theme	howler	90:95	arg1	monkeys					97:103	howler monkeys	90:103	howler monkeys	90:103	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	5	15	theme	5	723:723	arg1	%					724:724	%	724:724	%	724:724	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	11	16	theme	many	1470:1473	arg1	samples					1475:1481	many samples	1470:1481	many samples	1470:1481	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	11	17	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1319:1329	arg1	recommend					1334:1342	recommend	1334:1342	recommend	1334:1342	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	9	18	theme	flotation	1057:1065	arg1	#					1081:1081	the flotation solution (FS) #7	1053:1082	the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35)	1053:1125	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	9	18	theme	flotation	1057:1065	arg1	sulfate					1090:1096	zinc sulfate	1085:1096	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	1	19	theme	inadequate	277:286	arg1	techniques					300:309	inadequate calibration techniques	277:309	inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites	277:366	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	5	20	theme	Mini-FLOTAC	740:750	arg1	technique					752:760	the Mini-FLOTAC technique	736:760	the Mini-FLOTAC technique	736:760	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	5	20	theme	Mini-FLOTAC	740:750	arg1	formalin					726:733	5% formalin	723:733	5% formalin	723:733	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	6	21	theme	Controrchis	898:908	arg1	spp					910:912	Controrchis spp	898:912	Controrchis spp	898:912	This technique displays an 83.3% and 100% detection of Controrchis spp.
29169387	9	22	theme	solution	1067:1074	arg1	#					1081:1081	the flotation solution (FS) #7	1053:1082	the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35)	1053:1125	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	9	22	theme	solution	1067:1074	arg1	sulfate					1090:1096	zinc sulfate	1085:1096	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	1	23	theme	gastrointestinal	176:191	arg1	communities					202:212	gastrointestinal parasite communities	176:212	gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	176:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	2	24	theme	preservation	532:543	arg1	method					545:550	preservation method	532:550	preservation method	532:550	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	12	25	theme	quantitative	1591:1602	arg1	analysis					1604:1611	the qualitative and quantitative analysis	1571:1611	the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load	1571:1628	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	1	26	theme	parasite	193:200	arg1	communities					202:212	gastrointestinal parasite communities	176:212	gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	176:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	5	27	theme	copro-microscopic	815:831	arg1	analysis					833:840	qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	786:840	qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	786:840	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	12	28	theme	best	1545:1548	arg1	counts					1554:1559	the best EPG counts	1541:1559	the best EPG counts	1541:1559	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	9	29	theme	other	1158:1162	arg1	methods					1164:1170	other methods	1158:1170	other methods	1158:1170	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	9	30	theme	FS	1077:1078	arg1	#					1081:1081	the flotation solution (FS) #7	1053:1082	the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35)	1053:1125	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	9	30	theme	FS	1077:1078	arg1	sulfate					1090:1096	zinc sulfate	1085:1096	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	1	31	theme	communities	202:212	arg1	composition					161:171	the composition	157:171	the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	157:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	0	32	theme	Flotation	0:8	arg1	mini-FLOTAC					33:43	mini-FLOTAC	33:43	mini-FLOTAC	33:43	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	0	32	theme	Flotation	0:8	arg1	FLOTAC					22:27	FLOTAC	22:27	FLOTAC	22:27	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	0	32	theme	Flotation	0:8	arg1	techniques					10:19	Flotation techniques	0:19	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC)	0:44	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	1	33	theme	calibration	288:298	arg1	techniques					300:309	inadequate calibration techniques	277:309	inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites	277:366	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	12	34	dep	species	1640:1646	arg1	the					1636:1638	the	1636:1638	the	1636:1638	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	9	35	dep	sulfate	1090:1096	arg1	SG = 1.35					1116:1124	specific gravity SG = 1.35	1099:1124	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	10	36	dep	sucrose	1264:1270	arg1	SG = 1.20					1290:1298	SG = 1.20	1290:1298	sucrose and formaldehyde; SG = 1.20	1264:1298	By contrast, for the nematode Trypanoxyuris spp., the best results were recorded with FS1 (sucrose and formaldehyde; SG = 1.20) at 1:10 dilution.
29169387	9	37	theme	gravity	1108:1114	arg1	SG = 1.35					1116:1124	specific gravity SG = 1.35	1099:1124	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	1	38	theme	black	217:221	arg1	monkeys					230:236	black howler monkeys	217:236	black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	217:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	38	theme	black	217:221	arg1	pigra					248:252	pigra	248:252	pigra	248:252	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	2	39	theme	flotation	454:462	arg1	Mini-FLOTAC					487:497	Mini-FLOTAC	487:497	Mini-FLOTAC	487:497	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	2	39	theme	flotation	454:462	arg1	FLOTAC					476:481	FLOTAC	476:481	FLOTAC	476:481	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	2	39	theme	flotation	454:462	arg1	techniques					464:473	two flotation techniques	450:473	two flotation techniques	450:473	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	12	40	theme	EPG	1550:1552	arg1	counts					1554:1559	the best EPG counts	1541:1559	the best EPG counts	1541:1559	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	2	41	theme	egg	575:577	arg1	detection					579:587	egg detection	575:587	egg detection	575:587	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	11	42	theme	Mini-FLOTAC	1348:1358	arg1	technique					1360:1368	the Mini-FLOTAC technique	1344:1368	the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis	1344:1407	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	1	43	theme	BACKGROUND	106:115	arg1	Analyses					117:124	BACKGROUND Analyses	106:124	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	106:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	10	44	theme	best	1227:1230	arg1	results					1232:1238	the best results	1223:1238	the best results	1223:1238	By contrast, for the nematode Trypanoxyuris spp., the best results were recorded with FS1 (sucrose and formaldehyde; SG = 1.20) at 1:10 dilution.
29169387	1	45	theme	howler	223:228	arg1	monkeys					230:236	black howler monkeys	217:236	black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	217:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	45	theme	howler	223:228	arg1	pigra					248:252	pigra	248:252	pigra	248:252	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	46	theme	detection	314:322	arg1	techniques					300:309	inadequate calibration techniques	277:309	inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites	277:366	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	5	47	theme	%	724:724	arg1	technique					752:760	the Mini-FLOTAC technique	736:760	the Mini-FLOTAC technique	736:760	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	5	47	theme	%	724:724	arg1	formalin					726:733	5% formalin	723:733	5% formalin	723:733	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	11	48	theme	parasite	1391:1398	arg1	analysis					1400:1407	parasite analysis	1391:1407	parasite analysis	1391:1407	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	2	49	theme	detection	434:442	arg1	likelihood					411:420	the likelihood	407:420	the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC	407:497	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	4	50	theme	howler	674:679	arg1	monkeys					681:687	howler monkeys	674:687	howler monkeys	674:687	in howler monkeys.
29169387	12	51	theme	high	1517:1520	arg1	rate					1532:1535	a high detection rate	1515:1535	a high detection rate	1515:1535	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	5	52	theme	qualitative	786:796	arg1	analysis					833:840	qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	786:840	qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	786:840	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	3	53	theme	Trypanoxyuris	651:663	arg1	spp					665:667	Trypanoxyuris spp	651:667	Trypanoxyuris spp	651:667	and Trypanoxyuris spp.)
29169387	12	54	theme	qualitative	1575:1585	arg1	analysis					1604:1611	the qualitative and quantitative analysis	1571:1611	the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load	1571:1628	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	1	55	from	monkeys	230:236	arg1	composition					161:171	the composition	157:171	the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	157:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	2	56	theme	parasite	425:432	arg1	detection					434:442	parasite detection	425:442	parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC	425:497	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	1	57	theme	quantification	328:341	arg1	techniques					300:309	inadequate calibration techniques	277:309	inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites	277:366	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	5	58	theme	quantitative	802:813	arg1	analysis					833:840	qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	786:840	qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis	786:840	RESULTS For samples preserved in 5% formalin, the Mini-FLOTAC technique was the best option for qualitative and quantitative copro-microscopic analysis.
29169387	2	59	dep	parasites	619:627	arg1	Controrchis					630:640	Controrchis	630:640	Controrchis	630:640	Here we calibrate samples and compare the likelihood of parasite detection using two flotation techniques, FLOTAC and Mini-FLOTAC, and compare flotation solution, preservation method and dilution ratio for egg detection and counts of the most common parasites (Controrchis spp.
29169387	9	60	dep	trematode	972:980	arg1	spp.					994:997	the trematode Controrchis spp.	968:997	the trematode Controrchis spp.	968:997	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	11	61	with	technique	1360:1368	arg1	analysis					1400:1407	parasite analysis	1391:1407	parasite analysis	1391:1407	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	10	62	dep	FS1	1259:1261	arg1	formaldehyde					1276:1287	formaldehyde	1276:1287	formaldehyde	1276:1287	By contrast, for the nematode Trypanoxyuris spp., the best results were recorded with FS1 (sucrose and formaldehyde; SG = 1.20) at 1:10 dilution.
29169387	10	62	dep	FS1	1259:1261	arg1	sucrose					1264:1270	sucrose	1264:1270	sucrose	1264:1270	By contrast, for the nematode Trypanoxyuris spp., the best results were recorded with FS1 (sucrose and formaldehyde; SG = 1.20) at 1:10 dilution.
29169387	9	63	theme	feces	1022:1026	arg1	gram					1014:1017	gram	1014:1017	gram of feces (EPG)	1014:1032	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	12	64	theme	detection	1522:1530	arg1	rate					1532:1535	a high detection rate	1515:1535	a high detection rate	1515:1535	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	9	65	theme	specific	1099:1106	arg1	SG = 1.35					1116:1124	specific gravity SG = 1.35	1099:1124	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	1	66	theme	environmental	129:141	arg1	correlates					143:152	environmental correlates	129:152	environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	129:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	11	67	theme	howler	1441:1446	arg1	monkey					1448:1453	the howler monkey	1437:1453	the howler monkey	1437:1453	CONCLUSIONS We recommend the Mini-FLOTAC technique for general use with parasite analysis on frugivore/folivores like the howler monkey, especially if many samples are analyzed.
29169387	9	68	theme	zinc	1085:1088	arg1	#					1081:1081	the flotation solution (FS) #7	1053:1082	the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35)	1053:1125	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	9	68	theme	zinc	1085:1088	arg1	sulfate					1090:1096	zinc sulfate	1085:1096	zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35	1085:1124	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	1	69	from	communities	202:212	arg1	monkeys					230:236	black howler monkeys	217:236	black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	217:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	69	from	communities	202:212	arg1	pigra					248:252	pigra	248:252	pigra	248:252	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	1	70	theme	correlates	143:152	arg1	Analyses					117:124	BACKGROUND Analyses	106:124	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra)	106:253	BACKGROUND Analyses of environmental correlates of the composition of gastrointestinal parasite communities in black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) have been hindered by inadequate calibration techniques of detection and quantification methods of the parasites.
29169387	0	71	theme	gastrointestinal	60:75	arg1	parasites					77:85	gastrointestinal parasites	60:85	gastrointestinal parasites	60:85	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	0	72	dep	techniques	10:19	arg1	mini-FLOTAC					33:43	mini-FLOTAC	33:43	mini-FLOTAC	33:43	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	0	72	dep	techniques	10:19	arg1	FLOTAC					22:27	FLOTAC	22:27	FLOTAC	22:27	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	0	72	dep	techniques	10:19	arg1	techniques					10:19	Flotation techniques	0:19	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC)	0:44	Flotation techniques (FLOTAC and mini-FLOTAC) for detecting gastrointestinal parasites in howler monkeys.
29169387	9	73	theme	more	1000:1003	arg1	eggs					1005:1008	more eggs	1000:1008	more eggs per gram of feces (EPG)	1000:1032	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	9	74	theme	Controrchis	982:992	arg1	trematode					972:980	the trematode Controrchis spp.	968:997	the trematode Controrchis spp.	968:997	For the trematode Controrchis spp., more eggs per gram of feces (EPG) were recorded with the flotation solution (FS) #7 (zinc sulfate; specific gravity SG = 1.35) at 1:20 and 1:25 dilution than other methods.
29169387	12	75	theme	parasite	1616:1623	arg1	load					1625:1628	parasite load	1616:1628	parasite load	1616:1628	The technique has a high detection rate and the best EPG counts, allowing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of parasite load among the species or populations without the need for specialized equipment.
29169387	6	76	dep	%	874:874	arg1	an					867:868	an	867:868	an	867:868	This technique displays an 83.3% and 100% detection of Controrchis spp.
29169387	6	76	dep	%	874:874	arg1	detection					885:893	detection	885:893	detection	885:893	This technique displays an 83.3% and 100% detection of Controrchis spp.
26168161	3	0	theme	female	283:288	arg1	glands					298:303	female genital glands	283:303	female genital glands	283:303	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	14	1	theme	outer	1490:1494	arg1	case					1500:1503	the outer egg case	1486:1503	the outer egg case	1486:1503	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	1	2	theme	female	137:142	arg1	glands					162:167	the female accessory genital glands	133:167	the female accessory genital glands	133:167	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	3	3	theme	genital	290:296	arg1	glands					298:303	female genital glands	283:303	female genital glands	283:303	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	4	4	theme	Egg	482:484	arg1	Proteins					491:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	1	5	theme	accessory	144:152	arg1	glands					162:167	the female accessory genital glands	133:167	the female accessory genital glands	133:167	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	3	6	dep	De	255:256	arg1	novo					258:261	novo	258:261	novo	258:261	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	4	7	theme	officinalis	470:480	arg1	Proteins					491:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	13	8	theme	aestuarianus	1316:1327	arg1	complex					1329:1335	the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex	1296:1335	the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM	1296:1342	By observing the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM, we demonstrated the ability of these proteins to agglomerate bacteria and thus inhibit their growth.
26168161	7	9	theme	signal	692:697	arg1	peptide					699:705	the signal peptide	688:705	the signal peptide	688:705	SepECPs share high sequence homology, especially in the signal peptide and the three cysteine-rich domains.
26168161	3	10	theme	protein	338:344	arg1	identification					346:359	protein identification	338:359	protein identification	338:359	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	13	11	from	complex	1329:1335	arg1	SEM					1340:1342	SEM	1340:1342	SEM	1340:1342	By observing the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM, we demonstrated the ability of these proteins to agglomerate bacteria and thus inhibit their growth.
26168161	12	12	contain	have	1221:1224	arg2	activity					1255:1262	bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity	1226:1262	bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity	1226:1262	In addition, SepECPs also have bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity on GRAM- bacteria.
26168161	12	12	contain	have	1221:1224	arg1	SepECPs					1208:1214	SepECPs	1208:1214	SepECPs	1208:1214	In addition, SepECPs also have bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity on GRAM- bacteria.
26168161	1	13	theme	Sepia	56:60	arg1	protection					78:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection	56:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection	56:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	8	14	theme	cysteines	774:782	arg1	number					764:769	a high number	757:769	a high number of cysteines	757:782	SepECPs have a high number of cysteines, with conserved motifs involved in 3D-structure.
26168161	3	15	theme	essential	314:322	arg1	databases					324:332	essential databases	314:332	essential databases for protein identification	314:359	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	1	16	theme	officinalis	62:72	arg1	protection					78:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection	56:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection	56:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	1	17	theme	genital	154:160	arg1	glands					162:167	the female accessory genital glands	133:167	the female accessory genital glands	133:167	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	5	18	theme	staining	541:548	arg1	gels					559:562	PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels	537:562	PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels	537:562	N-glycosylation was demonstrated by PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels.
26168161	2	19	theme	main	240:243	arg1	case					249:252	the main egg case	236:252	the main egg case	236:252	Our study is focused on the proteins constituting the main egg case.
26168161	0	20	theme	Egg	4:6	arg1	Proteins					13:20	Egg Case Proteins	4:20	Egg Case Proteins	4:20	How Egg Case Proteins Can Protect Cuttlefish Offspring?
26168161	5	21	theme	SDS-PAGE	550:557	arg1	gels					559:562	PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels	537:562	PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels	537:562	N-glycosylation was demonstrated by PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels.
26168161	11	22	theme	physical	1160:1167	arg1	protection					1169:1178	physical protection	1160:1178	physical protection to the embryo	1160:1192	Its hardness and elasticity provide physical protection to the embryo.
26168161	10	23	theme	capsule	998:1004	arg1	network					1006:1012	the capsule network	994:1012	the capsule network	994:1012	This network is similar to the capsule network, and it associates these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria to form a tight mesh.
26168161	4	24	theme	proteomic	364:372	arg1	approach					374:381	A proteomic approach	362:381	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS	362:409	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	12	25	theme	GRAM-	1267:1271	arg1	bacteria					1273:1280	GRAM- bacteria	1267:1280	GRAM- bacteria	1267:1280	In addition, SepECPs also have bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity on GRAM- bacteria.
26168161	10	26	theme	tight	1112:1116	arg1	mesh					1118:1121	a tight mesh	1110:1121	a tight mesh	1110:1121	This network is similar to the capsule network, and it associates these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria to form a tight mesh.
26168161	8	27	contain	have	752:755	arg1	SepECPs					744:750	SepECPs	744:750	SepECPs	744:750	SepECPs have a high number of cysteines, with conserved motifs involved in 3D-structure.
26168161	8	27	contain	have	752:755	arg2	number					764:769	a high number	757:769	a high number of cysteines	757:782	SepECPs have a high number of cysteines, with conserved motifs involved in 3D-structure.
26168161	1	28	theme	ink	177:179	arg1	bag					181:183	the ink bag	173:183	the ink bag	173:183	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	0	29	theme	Case	8:11	arg1	Proteins					13:20	Egg Case Proteins	4:20	Egg Case Proteins	4:20	How Egg Case Proteins Can Protect Cuttlefish Offspring?
26168161	2	30	theme	egg	245:247	arg1	case					249:252	the main egg case	236:252	the main egg case	236:252	Our study is focused on the proteins constituting the main egg case.
26168161	4	31	theme	egg	426:428	arg1	family					443:448	a new egg case protein family	420:448	a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	420:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	6	32	gly	glycoproteins	571:583	arg1	glycoproteins					571:583	These glycoproteins	565:583	These glycoproteins	565:583	These glycoproteins are mainly produced in the main nidamental glands.
26168161	10	33	with	proteins	1050:1057	arg1	bacteria					1093:1100	bacteria	1093:1100	bacteria	1093:1100	This network is similar to the capsule network, and it associates these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria to form a tight mesh.
26168161	10	33	with	proteins	1050:1057	arg1	melanin					1081:1087	melanin	1081:1087	melanin	1081:1087	This network is similar to the capsule network, and it associates these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria to form a tight mesh.
26168161	10	33	with	proteins	1050:1057	arg1	polysaccharides					1064:1078	polysaccharides	1064:1078	polysaccharides	1064:1078	This network is similar to the capsule network, and it associates these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria to form a tight mesh.
26168161	13	34	theme	proteins	1382:1389	arg1	ability					1365:1371	the ability	1361:1371	the ability of these proteins to agglomerate bacteria and thus inhibit their growth	1361:1443	By observing the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM, we demonstrated the ability of these proteins to agglomerate bacteria and thus inhibit their growth.
26168161	4	35	dep	family	443:448	arg1	SepECPs					451:457	SepECPs	451:457	SepECPs	451:457	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	4	36	theme	new	422:424	arg1	family					443:448	a new egg case protein family	420:448	a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	420:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	12	37	theme	antimicrobial	1241:1253	arg1	activity					1255:1262	bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity	1226:1262	bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity	1226:1262	In addition, SepECPs also have bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity on GRAM- bacteria.
26168161	4	38	theme	protein	435:441	arg1	family					443:448	a new egg case protein family	420:448	a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	420:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	13	39	theme	Vibrio	1309:1314	arg1	complex					1329:1335	the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex	1296:1335	the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM	1296:1342	By observing the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM, we demonstrated the ability of these proteins to agglomerate bacteria and thus inhibit their growth.
26168161	14	40	theme	chemical	1566:1573	arg1	protection					1575:1584	physical and chemical protection	1553:1584	physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection	1553:1659	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	12	41	theme	bacteriostatic	1226:1239	arg1	activity					1255:1262	bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity	1226:1262	bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity	1226:1262	In addition, SepECPs also have bacteriostatic antimicrobial activity on GRAM- bacteria.
26168161	4	42	theme	Case	486:489	arg1	Proteins					491:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	4	43	theme	case	430:433	arg1	family					443:448	a new egg case protein family	420:448	a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	420:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	0	44	theme	Cuttlefish	34:43	arg1	Offspring					45:53	Cuttlefish Offspring	34:53	Cuttlefish Offspring	34:53	How Egg Case Proteins Can Protect Cuttlefish Offspring?
26168161	10	45	theme	structural	1039:1048	arg1	proteins					1050:1057	these structural proteins	1033:1057	these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria	1033:1100	This network is similar to the capsule network, and it associates these structural proteins with polysaccharides, melanin and bacteria to form a tight mesh.
26168161	7	46	theme	sequence	655:662	arg1	homology					664:671	high sequence homology	650:671	high sequence homology	650:671	SepECPs share high sequence homology, especially in the signal peptide and the three cysteine-rich domains.
26168161	14	47	theme	maternal	1641:1648	arg1	protection					1650:1659	any maternal protection	1637:1659	any maternal protection	1637:1659	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	14	48	theme	physical	1553:1560	arg1	protection					1575:1584	physical and chemical protection	1553:1584	physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection	1553:1659	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	1	49	theme	complex	105:111	arg1	capsule					113:119	a complex capsule	103:119	a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag	103:183	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	8	50	theme	conserved	790:798	arg1	motifs					800:805	conserved motifs	790:805	conserved motifs involved in 3D-structure	790:830	SepECPs have a high number of cysteines, with conserved motifs involved in 3D-structure.
26168161	3	51	theme	De	255:256	arg1	transcriptomes					263:276	De novo transcriptomes	255:276	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands	255:303	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	14	52	theme	egg	1496:1498	arg1	case					1500:1503	the outer egg case	1486:1503	the outer egg case	1486:1503	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	5	53	theme	PAS	537:539	arg1	gels					559:562	PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels	537:562	PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels	537:562	N-glycosylation was demonstrated by PAS staining SDS-PAGE gels.
26168161	13	54	theme	SepECP	1300:1305	arg1	complex					1329:1335	the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex	1296:1335	the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM	1296:1342	By observing the SepECP / Vibrio aestuarianus complex in SEM, we demonstrated the ability of these proteins to agglomerate bacteria and thus inhibit their growth.
26168161	1	55	theme	egg	74:76	arg1	protection					78:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection	56:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection	56:87	Sepia officinalis egg protection is ensured by a complex capsule produced by the female accessory genital glands and the ink bag.
26168161	3	56	from	glands	298:303	arg1	transcriptomes					263:276	De novo transcriptomes	255:276	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands	255:303	De novo transcriptomes from female genital glands provided essential databases for protein identification.
26168161	14	57	theme	original	1452:1459	arg1	proteins					1461:1468	These original proteins	1446:1468	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case	1446:1503	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	4	58	from	approach	374:381	arg1	SDS-PAGE					386:393	SDS-PAGE	386:393	SDS-PAGE coupled with MS	386:409	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	9	59	theme	TEM	910:912	arg1	observations					914:925	TEM observations	910:925	TEM observations	910:925	SDS-PAGE showed that SepECPs could form dimers; this result was confirmed by TEM observations, which also revealed a protein network.
26168161	7	60	theme	high	650:653	arg1	homology					664:671	high sequence homology	650:671	high sequence homology	650:671	SepECPs share high sequence homology, especially in the signal peptide and the three cysteine-rich domains.
26168161	14	61	theme	species	1532:1538	arg1	survival					1516:1523	the survival	1512:1523	the survival of the species	1512:1538	These original proteins identified from the outer egg case ensure the survival of the species by providing physical and chemical protection to the embryos released in the environment without any maternal protection.
26168161	6	62	theme	nidamental	617:626	arg1	glands					628:633	the main nidamental glands	608:633	the main nidamental glands	608:633	These glycoproteins are mainly produced in the main nidamental glands.
26168161	8	63	theme	high	759:762	arg1	number					764:769	a high number	757:769	a high number of cysteines	757:782	SepECPs have a high number of cysteines, with conserved motifs involved in 3D-structure.
26168161	4	64	theme	Sepia	464:468	arg1	Proteins					491:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins	464:498	A proteomic approach in SDS-PAGE coupled with MS unveiled a new egg case protein family: SepECPs, for Sepia officinalis Egg Case Proteins.
26168161	9	65	theme	protein	950:956	arg1	network					958:964	a protein network	948:964	a protein network	948:964	SDS-PAGE showed that SepECPs could form dimers; this result was confirmed by TEM observations, which also revealed a protein network.
26168161	6	66	theme	main	612:615	arg1	glands					628:633	the main nidamental glands	608:633	the main nidamental glands	608:633	These glycoproteins are mainly produced in the main nidamental glands.
26168161	7	67	theme	cysteine-rich	721:733	arg1	domains					735:741	the three cysteine-rich domains	711:741	the three cysteine-rich domains	711:741	SepECPs share high sequence homology, especially in the signal peptide and the three cysteine-rich domains.
27516279	4	0	theme	food	978:981	arg1	effluent					983:990	a model food effluent	970:990	a model food effluent	970:990	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	4	0	theme	food	978:981	arg1	solutions					957:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	1	1	theme	derivatives	309:319	arg1	weakness					280:287	the weakness	276:287	the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives	276:319	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	4	2	theme	adsorption	839:848	arg1	characteristics					850:864	The dye adsorption characteristics	831:864	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles	831:907	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	2	3	theme	sodium	498:503	arg1	citrate					505:511	the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4)	494:549	the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4)	494:549	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	4	theme	present	329:335	arg1	study					337:341	the present study	325:341	the present study	325:341	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	5	5	theme	composite	1200:1208	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	0	6	theme	/Fe3O4	62:67	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles	36:81	poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles	36:81	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	4	7	theme	nanoparticles	895:907	arg1	characteristics					850:864	The dye adsorption characteristics	831:864	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles	831:907	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	4	8	theme	dye	835:837	arg1	characteristics					850:864	The dye adsorption characteristics	831:864	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles	831:907	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	6	9	dep	kinetics	1249:1256	arg1	The					1234:1236	The	1234:1236	The	1234:1236	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	5	10	theme	magnetic	1210:1217	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	5	11	theme	ammonium	1123:1130	arg1	chloride					1132:1139	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	1094:1139	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	5	12	theme	coated	1150:1155	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	4	13	theme	yellow	940:945	arg1	effluent					983:990	a model food effluent	970:990	a model food effluent	970:990	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	4	13	theme	yellow	940:945	arg1	solutions					957:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	2	14	theme	magnetic	602:609	arg1	nanoparticles					611:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	5	15	from	Effect	993:998	arg1	adsorption					1033:1042	the adsorption	1029:1042	the adsorption of food yellow 3	1029:1059	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	1	16	theme	magnetic	247:254	arg1	materials					256:264	the magnetic materials	243:264	the magnetic materials	243:264	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	2	17	theme	composite	570:578	arg1	nanoparticles					611:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	18	theme	CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4	580:600	arg1	nanoparticles					611:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	0	19	theme	adsorption	91:100	arg1	performance					102:112	its adsorption performance	87:112	its adsorption performance for food yellow 3	87:130	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	2	20	theme	graft	432:436	arg1	copolymerization					438:453	graft copolymerization	432:453	graft copolymerization	432:453	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	21	theme	abundant	647:654	arg1	charges					673:679	abundant surface positive charges	647:679	abundant surface positive charges	647:679	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	3	22	theme	magnetic	750:757	arg1	nanoparticles					759:771	the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles	714:771	the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles	714:771	The structure and properties of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, VSM, and zeta potential.
27516279	4	23	theme	model	972:976	arg1	effluent					983:990	a model food effluent	970:990	a model food effluent	970:990	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	4	23	theme	model	972:976	arg1	solutions					957:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	5	24	theme	citrate-Fe3O4	1164:1176	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	5	25	theme	sodium	1157:1162	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	2	26	theme	grafted	353:359	arg1	poly					361:364	grafted poly	353:364	chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC)	344:414	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	26	theme	grafted	353:359	arg1	CTS-g-PTMAAC					402:413	CTS-g-PTMAAC	402:413	CTS-g-PTMAAC	402:413	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	26	theme	grafted	353:359	arg1	chloride					391:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	5	27	theme	trimethyl	1113:1121	arg1	chloride					1132:1139	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	1094:1139	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	1	28	theme	materials	256:264	arg1	properties					229:238	the adsorption properties	214:238	the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials	214:264	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	6	29	theme	adsorption	1259:1268	arg1	isotherms					1270:1278	adsorption isotherms	1259:1278	adsorption isotherms	1259:1278	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	6	30	theme	adsorption	1281:1290	arg1	thermodynamics					1292:1305	adsorption thermodynamics	1281:1305	adsorption thermodynamics	1281:1305	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	5	31	theme	food	1047:1050	arg1	yellow					1052:1057	food yellow 3	1047:1059	food yellow 3	1047:1059	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	0	32	theme	chitosan	19:26	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of the chitosan	0:26	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	3	33	theme	composite	740:748	arg1	nanoparticles					759:771	the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles	714:771	the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles	714:771	The structure and properties of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, VSM, and zeta potential.
27516279	0	34	theme	food	118:121	arg1	yellow					123:128	food yellow 3	118:130	food yellow 3	118:130	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	5	35	theme	dye	1013:1015	arg1	solution					1017:1024	the dye solution	1009:1024	the dye solution	1009:1024	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	5	36	theme	CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4	1179:1197	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	2	37	theme	ammonium	382:389	arg1	poly					361:364	grafted poly	353:364	chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC)	344:414	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	37	theme	ammonium	382:389	arg1	chloride					391:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	0	38	theme	poly	36:39	arg1	nanoparticles					69:81	poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles	36:81	poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles	36:81	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	4	39	theme	food	935:938	arg1	effluent					983:990	a model food effluent	970:990	a model food effluent	970:990	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	4	39	theme	food	935:938	arg1	solutions					957:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	1	40	theme	magnetic	184:191	arg1	materials					193:201	magnetic materials	184:201	magnetic materials	184:201	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	5	41	theme	pH	1003:1004	arg1	Effect					993:998	Effect	993:998	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3	993:1059	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	2	42	theme	allyl	376:380	arg1	poly					361:364	grafted poly	353:364	chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC)	344:414	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	42	theme	allyl	376:380	arg1	chloride					391:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	5	43	theme	chloride	1132:1139	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	6	44	theme	magnetic	1346:1353	arg1	nanoparticles					1355:1367	the magnetic nanoparticles	1342:1367	the magnetic nanoparticles	1342:1367	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	5	45	theme	yellow	1052:1057	arg1	adsorption					1033:1042	the adsorption	1029:1042	the adsorption of food yellow 3	1029:1059	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	2	46	theme	trimethyl	366:374	arg1	poly					361:364	grafted poly	353:364	chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC)	344:414	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	46	theme	trimethyl	366:374	arg1	chloride					391:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	0	47	theme	quaternary	42:51	arg1	poly					36:39	poly	36:39	poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles	36:81	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	0	47	theme	quaternary	42:51	arg1	ammonium					53:60	quaternary ammonium	42:60	quaternary ammonium	42:60	Preparation of the chitosan grafted poly (quaternary ammonium)/Fe3O4 nanoparticles and its adsorption performance for food yellow 3.
27516279	3	48	dep	structure	686:694	arg1	The					682:684	The	682:684	The	682:684	The structure and properties of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, VSM, and zeta potential.
27516279	4	49	theme	CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4	873:893	arg1	nanoparticles					895:907	the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles	869:907	the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles	869:907	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	6	50	theme	nanoparticles	1355:1367	arg1	isotherms					1270:1278	adsorption isotherms	1259:1278	adsorption isotherms	1259:1278	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	6	50	theme	nanoparticles	1355:1367	arg1	kinetics					1249:1256	adsorption kinetics	1238:1256	adsorption kinetics	1238:1256	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	6	50	theme	nanoparticles	1355:1367	arg1	reusability					1327:1337	reusability	1327:1337	reusability	1327:1337	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	6	50	theme	nanoparticles	1355:1367	arg1	thermodynamics					1292:1305	adsorption thermodynamics	1281:1305	adsorption thermodynamics	1281:1305	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	6	50	theme	nanoparticles	1355:1367	arg1	desorption					1312:1321	desorption	1312:1321	desorption	1312:1321	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	6	51	theme	adsorption	1238:1247	arg1	kinetics					1249:1256	adsorption kinetics	1238:1256	adsorption kinetics	1238:1256	The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and desorption and reusability of the magnetic nanoparticles were investigated.
27516279	1	52	theme	chitosan	292:299	arg1	weakness					280:287	the weakness	276:287	the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives	276:319	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	2	53	theme	Fe3O4	520:524	arg1	SC-Fe3O4					541:548	SC-Fe3O4	541:548	SC-Fe3O4	541:548	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	53	theme	Fe3O4	520:524	arg1	nanoparticles					526:538	coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles	513:538	the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4)	494:549	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	5	54	theme	solution	1017:1024	arg1	pH					1003:1004	pH	1003:1004	pH of the dye solution	1003:1024	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	2	55	theme	novel	564:568	arg1	nanoparticles					611:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles	562:623	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	56	theme	positive	664:671	arg1	charges					673:679	abundant surface positive charges	647:679	abundant surface positive charges	647:679	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	3	57	theme	nanoparticles	759:771	arg1	structure					686:694	structure	686:694	structure	686:694	The structure and properties of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, VSM, and zeta potential.
27516279	3	57	theme	nanoparticles	759:771	arg1	properties					700:709	properties	700:709	properties	700:709	The structure and properties of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, VSM, and zeta potential.
27516279	2	58	theme	coated	513:518	arg1	SC-Fe3O4					541:548	SC-Fe3O4	541:548	SC-Fe3O4	541:548	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	58	theme	coated	513:518	arg1	nanoparticles					526:538	coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles	513:538	the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4)	494:549	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	1	59	used	used	169:172	arg2	derivatives					150:160	its derivatives	146:160	its derivatives	146:160	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	1	59	used	used	169:172	arg2	Chitosan					133:140	Chitosan	133:140	Chitosan	133:140	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
27516279	2	60	theme	surface	656:662	arg1	charges					673:679	abundant surface positive charges	647:679	abundant surface positive charges	647:679	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	61	theme	citrate	505:511	arg1	surfaces					482:489	the surfaces	478:489	the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4)	478:549	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	62	dep	chitosan	344:351	arg1	poly					361:364	grafted poly	353:364	chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC)	344:414	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	62	dep	chitosan	344:351	arg1	CTS-g-PTMAAC					402:413	CTS-g-PTMAAC	402:413	CTS-g-PTMAAC	402:413	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	62	dep	chitosan	344:351	arg1	chloride					391:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride	366:398	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	3	63	theme	zeta	815:818	arg1	potential					820:828	zeta potential	815:828	zeta potential	815:828	The structure and properties of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 composite magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, VSM, and zeta potential.
27516279	5	64	theme	N-2-hydroxylpropyl	1094:1111	arg1	chloride					1132:1139	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	1094:1139	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	2	65	dep	citrate	505:511	arg1	SC-Fe3O4					541:548	SC-Fe3O4	541:548	SC-Fe3O4	541:548	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	2	65	dep	citrate	505:511	arg1	nanoparticles					526:538	coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles	513:538	the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4)	494:549	In the present study, chitosan grafted poly(trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride) (CTS-g-PTMAAC) was prepared by graft copolymerization; then it was coated on the surfaces of the sodium citrate coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SC-Fe3O4) to prepare a novel composite CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, with which possesses abundant surface positive charges.
27516279	5	66	theme	chitosan	1141:1148	arg1	nanoparticles					1219:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles	1094:1231	Effect of pH of the dye solution on the adsorption of food yellow 3 was determined and compared with N-2-hydroxylpropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan coated sodium citrate-Fe3O4 (CTS-g-HTCC/SC-Fe3O4) composite magnetic nanoparticles.
27516279	4	67	theme	aqueous	949:955	arg1	effluent					983:990	a model food effluent	970:990	a model food effluent	970:990	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	4	67	theme	aqueous	949:955	arg1	solutions					957:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions	931:965	The dye adsorption characteristics of the CTS-g-PTMAAC/SC-Fe3O4 nanoparticles were determined using the food yellow 3 aqueous solutions as a model food effluent.
27516279	1	68	theme	adsorption	218:227	arg1	properties					229:238	the adsorption properties	214:238	the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials	214:264	Chitosan and its derivatives can be used to modify magnetic materials to promote the adsorption properties of the magnetic materials and avoid the weakness of chitosan and its derivatives.
26004422	3	0	link	O-linked	477:484	arg1	adducts					492:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	3	1	theme	oligonucleotide	538:552	arg1	substrates					554:563	oligonucleotide substrates	538:563	oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis	538:595	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	8	2	theme	adduct	1566:1571	arg1	conformation					1573:1584	the adduct conformation	1562:1584	the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex	1562:1611	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	1	3	theme	C8-dG	263:267	arg1	adducts					269:275	oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	249:275	oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	249:275	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	6	4	theme	reiterated	1165:1174	arg1	G3-position					1176:1186	the reiterated G3-position	1161:1186	the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence	1161:1207	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	9	5	theme	chlorinated	1723:1733	arg1	lesions					1753:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	8	6	theme	[PCP	1525:1528	arg1	G					1530:1530	[PCP]G	1525:1530	[PCP]G	1525:1530	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	1	7	link	oxygen-linked	249:261	arg1	adducts					269:275	oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	249:275	oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	249:275	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	10	8	theme	chlorine	1893:1900	arg1	substituents					1902:1913	chlorine substituents	1893:1913	chlorine substituents	1893:1913	These findings highlight the impact that chlorine substituents impart to bulky C8-dG lesions.
26004422	5	9	theme	in	852:853	arg1	replication					865:875	in vitro DNA replication	852:875	in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4))	852:991	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	2	10	theme	Such	278:281	arg1	adducts					292:298	Such O-linked adducts	278:298	Such O-linked adducts	278:298	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	8	11	theme	NarI	1597:1600	arg1	duplex					1606:1611	the NarI(12) duplex	1593:1611	the NarI(12) duplex	1593:1611	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	2	12	link	O-linked	283:290	arg1	adducts					292:298	Such O-linked adducts	278:298	Such O-linked adducts	278:298	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	10	13	theme	C8-dG	1931:1935	arg1	lesions					1937:1943	bulky C8-dG lesions	1925:1943	bulky C8-dG lesions	1925:1943	These findings highlight the impact that chlorine substituents impart to bulky C8-dG lesions.
26004422	10	14	theme	bulky	1925:1929	arg1	lesions					1937:1943	bulky C8-dG lesions	1925:1943	bulky C8-dG lesions	1925:1943	These findings highlight the impact that chlorine substituents impart to bulky C8-dG lesions.
26004422	4	15	theme	adduct	700:705	arg1	conformation					707:718	adduct conformation	700:718	adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases	700:774	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	0	16	theme	Y-family	125:132	arg1	polymerase					138:147	a Y-family DNA polymerase	123:147	a Y-family DNA polymerase	123:147	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	3	17	theme	DNA	583:585	arg1	synthesis					587:595	solid-phase DNA synthesis	571:595	solid-phase DNA synthesis	571:595	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	5	18	theme	current	784:790	arg1	study					792:796	the current study	780:796	the current study	780:796	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	6	19	theme	bacterial	1350:1358	arg1	mutagenesis					1360:1370	bacterial mutagenesis	1350:1370	bacterial mutagenesis	1350:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	20	theme	NarI	1195:1198	arg1	sequence					1200:1207	the NarI sequence	1191:1207	the NarI sequence	1191:1207	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	21	from	adducts	1339:1345	arg1	mutagenesis					1360:1370	bacterial mutagenesis	1350:1370	bacterial mutagenesis	1350:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	8	22	theme	dynamics	1640:1647	arg1	simulations					1649:1659	molecular dynamics simulations	1630:1659	molecular dynamics simulations	1630:1659	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	5	23	theme	Sulfolobus	940:949	arg1	polymerase					971:980	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV	940:983	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)	940:990	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	5	23	theme	Sulfolobus	940:949	arg1	Dpo4					986:989	Dpo4	986:989	Dpo4	986:989	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	6	24	theme	O-linked	1020:1027	arg1	adducts					1035:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts	1014:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1014:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	25	link	N-linked	1313:1320	arg1	adducts					1339:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts	1313:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis	1313:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	5	26	theme	chlorine	816:823	arg1	functionalization					831:847	chlorine C8-dG functionalization	816:847	chlorine C8-dG functionalization	816:847	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	1	27	theme	phenoxyl	158:165	arg1	radicals					167:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals	150:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals	150:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	7	28	theme	B-form	1478:1483	arg1	helix					1485:1489	a minimally perturbed B-form helix	1456:1489	a minimally perturbed B-form helix	1456:1489	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	5	29	theme	functionalization	831:847	arg1	influence					803:811	the influence	799:811	the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4))	799:991	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	9	30	dep	G	1751:1751	arg1	[PCP					1735:1738	[PCP	1735:1738	[PCP	1735:1738	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	2	31	theme	8-Br-dG	420:426	arg1	derivative					428:437	a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative	399:437	a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative	399:437	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	0	32	theme	conformational	75:88	arg1	rigidity					90:97	conformational rigidity	75:97	conformational rigidity	75:97	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	6	33	dep	radical	1080:1086	arg1	[PCP					1089:1092	[PCP	1089:1092	[PCP	1089:1092	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	0	34	theme	Chlorine	0:7	arg1	functionalization					9:25	Chlorine functionalization	0:25	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	0:63	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	5	35	theme	P2	964:965	arg1	polymerase					971:980	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV	940:983	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)	940:990	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	5	35	theme	P2	964:965	arg1	Dpo4					986:989	Dpo4	986:989	Dpo4	986:989	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	6	36	theme	pentachlorophenoxyl	1060:1078	arg1	radical					1080:1086	the pentachlorophenoxyl radical	1056:1086	the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G)	1056:1095	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	37	dep	[PCP	1089:1092	arg1	G					1094:1094	G	1094:1094	G	1094:1094	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	3	38	theme	adducts	492:498	arg1	generation					457:466	the generation	453:466	the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis	453:595	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	5	39	theme	fragment	887:894	arg1	exo					896:898	Klenow fragment exo	880:898	Klenow fragment exo	880:898	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	3	40	theme	solid-phase	571:581	arg1	synthesis					587:595	solid-phase DNA synthesis	571:595	solid-phase DNA synthesis	571:595	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	7	41	theme	G	1439:1439	arg1	adduct					1442:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	1	42	attach	attach	180:185	arg2	radicals					167:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals	150:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals	150:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	1	42	attach	attach	180:185	arg1	2'-deoxyguanosine					216:232	2'-deoxyguanosine	216:232	2'-deoxyguanosine	216:232	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	1	42	attach	attach	180:185	arg1	C8-site					205:211	the C8-site	201:211	the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	201:275	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	3	43	theme	O-linked	477:484	arg1	adducts					492:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	6	44	theme	C8-dG	1333:1337	arg1	adducts					1339:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts	1313:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis	1313:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	0	45	theme	model	32:36	arg1	adduct					58:63	a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	30:63	a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	30:63	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	7	46	theme	[PhO	1434:1437	arg1	adduct					1442:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	7	47	theme	perturbed	1468:1476	arg1	helix					1485:1489	a minimally perturbed B-form helix	1456:1489	a minimally perturbed B-form helix	1456:1489	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	6	48	theme	N-linked	1313:1320	arg1	adducts					1339:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts	1313:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis	1313:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	7	49	theme	C8-phenoxy-dG	1419:1431	arg1	adduct					1442:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	6	50	dep	radical	1125:1131	arg1	[TCP					1134:1137	[TCP	1134:1137	[TCP	1134:1137	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	2	51	theme	nucleophilic	340:351	arg1	reaction					366:373	a nucleophilic displacement reaction	338:373	a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative	338:437	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	6	52	link	O-linked	1020:1027	arg1	adducts					1035:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts	1014:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1014:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	53	theme	2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl	1101:1123	arg1	radical					1125:1131	2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical	1101:1131	2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1101:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	54	dep	[TCP	1134:1137	arg1	G					1139:1139	G	1139:1139	G	1139:1139	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	3	55	from	generation	457:466	arg1	scales					503:508	scales	503:508	scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis	503:595	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	6	56	theme	polycyclic	1322:1331	arg1	adducts					1339:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts	1313:1345	N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis	1313:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	4	57	theme	structure-activity	664:681	arg1	relationships					683:695	structure-activity relationships	664:695	structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases	664:774	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	1	58	theme	oxygen-linked	249:261	arg1	adducts					269:275	oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	249:275	oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	249:275	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	4	59	theme	moiety	623:628	arg1	Variation					598:606	Variation	598:606	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety	598:628	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	6	60	attach	derived	1043:1049	arg1	radical					1080:1086	the pentachlorophenoxyl radical	1056:1086	the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G)	1056:1095	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	60	attach	derived	1043:1049	arg2	adducts					1035:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts	1014:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1014:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	60	attach	derived	1043:1049	arg1	radical					1125:1131	2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical	1101:1131	2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1101:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	7	61	theme	NarI	1384:1387	arg1	duplex					1393:1398	the NarI(12) duplex	1380:1398	the NarI(12) duplex	1380:1398	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	2	62	theme	O-linked	283:290	arg1	adducts					292:298	Such O-linked adducts	278:298	Such O-linked adducts	278:298	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	5	63	theme	DNA	861:863	arg1	replication					865:875	in vitro DNA replication	852:875	in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4))	852:991	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	9	64	theme	G	1740:1740	arg1	lesions					1753:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	4	65	theme	duplex	723:728	arg1	DNA					730:732	duplex DNA	723:732	duplex DNA	723:732	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	6	66	theme	frameshift	1280:1289	arg1	mutations					1291:1299	frameshift mutations	1280:1299	frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis	1280:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	9	67	dep	block	1775:1779	arg1	whereas					1816:1822	whereas	1816:1822	whereas	1816:1822	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	5	68	dep	in	852:853	arg1	vitro					855:859	vitro	855:859	vitro	855:859	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	0	69	theme	C8-guanine	47:56	arg1	adduct					58:63	a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	30:63	a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	30:63	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	0	70	theme	DNA	134:136	arg1	polymerase					138:147	a Y-family DNA polymerase	123:147	a Y-family DNA polymerase	123:147	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	4	71	from	conformation	707:718	arg1	DNA					730:732	duplex DNA	723:732	duplex DNA	723:732	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	4	71	from	conformation	707:718	arg1	replication					738:748	replication	738:748	replication	738:748	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	4	72	theme	DNA	760:762	arg1	polymerases					764:774	DNA polymerases	760:774	DNA polymerases	760:774	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	9	73	theme	G	1751:1751	arg1	lesions					1753:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	6	74	dep	inserted	1147:1154	arg1	12-mer					1210:1215	12-mer	1210:1215	12-mer	1210:1215	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	5	75	from	influence	803:811	arg1	replication					865:875	in vitro DNA replication	852:875	in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4))	852:991	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	1	76	theme	2'-deoxyguanosine	216:232	arg1	2'-deoxyguanosine					216:232	2'-deoxyguanosine	216:232	2'-deoxyguanosine	216:232	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	1	76	theme	2'-deoxyguanosine	216:232	arg1	C8-site					205:211	the C8-site	201:211	the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts	201:275	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	5	77	theme	Y-family	919:926	arg1	polymerase					928:937	the Y-family polymerase	915:937	the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4))	915:991	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	6	78	theme	sequence	1200:1207	arg1	G3-position					1176:1186	the reiterated G3-position	1161:1186	the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence	1161:1207	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	9	79	theme	DNA	1781:1783	arg1	replication					1785:1795	DNA replication	1781:1795	DNA replication	1781:1795	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	6	80	theme	C8-dG	1029:1033	arg1	adducts					1035:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts	1014:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1014:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	4	81	from	relationships	683:695	arg1	conformation					707:718	adduct conformation	700:718	adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases	700:774	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	8	82	theme	molecular	1630:1638	arg1	simulations					1649:1659	molecular dynamics simulations	1630:1659	molecular dynamics simulations	1630:1659	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	1	83	theme	Certain	150:156	arg1	radicals					167:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals	150:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals	150:174	Certain phenoxyl radicals can attach covalently to the C8-site of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) to afford oxygen-linked C8-dG adducts.
26004422	6	84	theme	Model	1014:1018	arg1	adducts					1035:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts	1014:1041	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G)	1014:1140	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	5	85	theme	C8-dG	825:829	arg1	functionalization					831:847	chlorine C8-dG functionalization	816:847	chlorine C8-dG functionalization	816:847	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	6	86	dep	12-mer	1210:1215	arg1	12					1223:1224	12	1223:1224	12	1223:1224	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	86	dep	12-mer	1210:1215	arg1	22					1245:1246	22	1245:1246	22	1245:1246	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	86	dep	12-mer	1210:1215	arg1	NarI					1218:1221	NarI	1218:1221	NarI	1218:1221	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	86	dep	12-mer	1210:1215	arg1	NarI					1240:1243	NarI	1240:1243	NarI	1240:1243	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	9	87	theme	[TCP	1746:1749	arg1	lesions					1753:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions	1719:1759	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	5	88	dep	Sulfolobus	940:949	arg1	solfataricus					951:962	solfataricus	951:962	solfataricus	951:962	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	6	89	theme	known	1262:1266	arg1	hotspot					1268:1274	a known hotspot	1260:1274	a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis	1260:1370	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	6	89	theme	known	1262:1266	arg1	which					1251:1255	which	1251:1255	which	1251:1255	Model O-linked C8-dG adducts derived from the pentachlorophenoxyl radical ([PCP]G) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyl radical ([TCP]G) were inserted into the reiterated G3-position of the NarI sequence (12-mer, NarI(12); and 22-mer, NarI(22)), which is a known hotspot for frameshift mutations mediated by N-linked polycyclic C8-dG adducts in bacterial mutagenesis.
26004422	5	90	dep	polymerase	928:937	arg1	polymerase					971:980	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV	940:983	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)	940:990	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	5	90	dep	polymerase	928:937	arg1	Dpo4					986:989	Dpo4	986:989	Dpo4	986:989	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	2	91	theme	protected	410:418	arg1	derivative					428:437	a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative	399:437	a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative	399:437	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	8	92	dep	Chlorination	1492:1503	arg1	afford					1518:1523	afford	1518:1523	to afford [PCP]G	1515:1530	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	8	92	dep	Chlorination	1492:1503	arg1	G					1513:1513	G	1513:1513	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G	1492:1530	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
26004422	5	93	theme	Klenow	880:885	arg1	exo					896:898	Klenow fragment exo	880:898	Klenow fragment exo	880:898	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	5	94	dep	exo	896:898	arg1	Kf					904:905	Kf	904:905	Kf	904:905	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	5	95	theme	DNA	967:969	arg1	polymerase					971:980	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV	940:983	Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)	940:990	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	5	95	theme	DNA	967:969	arg1	Dpo4					986:989	Dpo4	986:989	Dpo4	986:989	In the current study, the influence of chlorine C8-dG functionalization on in vitro DNA replication by Klenow fragment exo(-) (Kf(-)) and the Y-family polymerase (Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4)) has been determined.
26004422	4	96	theme	C8-aryl	615:621	arg1	moiety					623:628	the C8-aryl moiety	611:628	the C8-aryl moiety	611:628	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	0	97	theme	phenolic	38:45	arg1	adduct					58:63	a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	30:63	a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	30:63	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	3	98	theme	C8-dG	486:490	arg1	adducts					492:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	0	99	theme	adduct	58:63	arg1	functionalization					9:25	Chlorine functionalization	0:25	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct	0:63	Chlorine functionalization of a model phenolic C8-guanine adduct increases conformational rigidity and blocks extension by a Y-family DNA polymerase.
26004422	2	100	theme	displacement	353:364	arg1	reaction					366:373	a nucleophilic displacement reaction	338:373	a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative	338:437	Such O-linked adducts can be chemically synthesized through a nucleophilic displacement reaction between a phenolate and a suitably protected 8-Br-dG derivative.
26004422	9	101	theme	DNA	1695:1697	arg1	synthesis					1699:1707	DNA synthesis	1695:1707	DNA synthesis	1695:1707	However, when using NarI(22) for DNA synthesis in vitro, the chlorinated [PCP]G and [TCP]G lesions significantly block DNA replication by Kf(-) and Dpo4, whereas [PhO]G is readily bypassed.
26004422	3	102	theme	suitable	510:517	arg1	scales					503:508	scales	503:508	scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis	503:595	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	7	103	theme	unsubstituted	1405:1417	arg1	adduct					1442:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct	1401:1447	Within the NarI(12) duplex, the unsubstituted C8-phenoxy-dG ([PhO]G) adduct adopts a minimally perturbed B-form helix.
26004422	4	104	dep	DNA	730:732	arg1	bypass					750:755	bypass	750:755	bypass by DNA polymerases	750:774	Variation of the C8-aryl moiety provides an opportunity to derive structure-activity relationships on adduct conformation in duplex DNA and replication bypass by DNA polymerases.
26004422	3	105	theme	model	471:475	arg1	adducts					492:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	model O-linked C8-dG adducts	471:498	This permits the generation of model O-linked C8-dG adducts on scales suitable for insertion into oligonucleotide substrates using solid-phase DNA synthesis.
26004422	8	106	theme	[PhO	1508:1511	arg1	Chlorination					1492:1503	Chlorination	1492:1503	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G	1492:1530	Chlorination of [PhO]G to afford [PCP]G does not significantly change the adduct conformation within the NarI(12) duplex, as predicted by molecular dynamics simulations.
28791524	6	0	theme	necrotic	1167:1174	arg1	cells					1192:1196	necrotic and degenerated cells	1167:1196	necrotic and degenerated cells	1167:1196	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	7	1	theme	@	1364:1364	arg1	FACS-Mn					1365:1371	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn	1356:1371	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	1356:1385	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	3	2	theme	chitosan	531:538	arg1	system					562:567	chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system	531:567	chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation	531:600	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	1	3	theme	cancer	233:238	arg1	resistance					245:254	cancer cell resistance	233:254	cancer cell resistance	233:254	5-Fluororaucil (5-FU) as anti-cancer drug was reported to induce thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression and cancer cell resistance.
28791524	6	4	theme	drug	1141:1144	arg1	group					1154:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	4	5	theme	ZnS	620:622	arg1	QDs					638:640	QDs	638:640	QDs	638:640	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	4	5	theme	ZnS	620:622	arg1	dots					632:635	ZnS quantum dots	620:635	ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice	620:715	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	6	6	theme	free	1131:1134	arg1	group					1154:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	2	7	theme	therapeutic	272:282	arg1	efficacy					284:291	therapeutic efficacy	272:291	therapeutic efficacy	272:291	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	8	8	theme	anti-cancer	1581:1591	arg1	drug					1593:1596	5-FU anti-cancer drug	1576:1596	5-FU anti-cancer drug	1576:1596	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	5	9	theme	@	792:792	arg1	FACS-Mn					793:799	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn	784:799	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	784:813	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	10	theme	adipocytes	1047:1056	arg1	presence					1035:1042	obvious presence	1027:1042	obvious presence of adipocytes	1027:1056	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	7	11	theme	drug	1487:1490	arg1	groups					1500:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	4	12	theme	5-FU	607:610	arg1	FACS-Mn					612:618	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn	603:618	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.	603:782	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	0	13	theme	challenged	108:117	arg1	mice					119:122	4T1 challenged mice	104:122	4T1 challenged mice	104:122	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	3	14	theme	folic	574:578	arg1	FA					586:587	FA	586:587	FA	586:587	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	3	14	theme	folic	574:578	arg1	acid					580:583	folic acid	574:583	folic acid (FA)-conjugation	574:600	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	8	15	theme	FACS-Mn	1609:1615	arg1	system					1621:1626	the FACS-Mn:ZnS system	1605:1626	the FACS-Mn:ZnS system	1605:1626	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	7	16	theme	free	1477:1480	arg1	groups					1500:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	8	17	theme	ZnS	1617:1619	arg1	system					1621:1626	the FACS-Mn:ZnS system	1605:1626	the FACS-Mn:ZnS system	1605:1626	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	5	18	theme	anti-proliferative	823:840	arg1	properties					842:851	anti-proliferative properties	823:851	anti-proliferative properties in these organs	823:867	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	19	theme	untreated	1099:1107	arg1	group					1117:1121	the untreated control group	1095:1121	the untreated control group	1095:1121	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	20	theme	degenerated	1180:1190	arg1	cells					1192:1196	necrotic and degenerated cells	1167:1196	necrotic and degenerated cells	1167:1196	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	9	21	theme	folic	1859:1863	arg1	5-Fluororacil					1876:1888	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil	1859:1888	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice	1859:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	0	22	theme	Mn	59:60	arg1	dots					74:77	Mn:ZnS quantum dots	59:77	Mn:ZnS quantum dots	59:77	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	6	23	with	mass	1253:1256	arg1	evidence					1263:1270	evidence	1263:1270	evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass	1263:1325	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	4	24	dep	challenged	701:710	arg1	4T1					697:699	4T1	697:699	4T1	697:699	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	6	25	theme	5-FU	915:918	arg1	FACS-Mn					920:926	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn	911:926	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS	911:930	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	9	26	theme	5-Fluororacil	1876:1888	arg1	effects					1848:1854	the anti-metastatic effects	1828:1854	the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis	1828:1994	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	0	27	theme	ZnS	62:64	arg1	dots					74:77	Mn:ZnS quantum dots	59:77	Mn:ZnS quantum dots	59:77	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	8	28	theme	targeting	1665:1673	arg1	efficacy					1675:1682	its selective targeting efficacy	1651:1682	its selective targeting efficacy	1651:1682	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	3	29	with	system	562:567	arg1	-conjugation					589:600	folic acid (FA)-conjugation	574:600	folic acid (FA)-conjugation	574:600	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	9	30	theme	ZnS	1900:1902	arg1	dots					1912:1915	ZnS quantum dots	1900:1915	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice	1859:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	0	31	theme	metastatic	82:91	arg1	lesions					93:99	metastatic lesions	82:99	metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice	82:122	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	5	32	from	properties	842:851	arg1	organs					862:867	these organs	856:867	these organs	856:867	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	5	33	theme	5-FU	893:896	arg1	drug					898:901	the free 5-FU drug	884:901	the free 5-FU drug	884:901	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	34	theme	specific	965:972	arg1	changes					988:994	some specific morphological changes	960:994	some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage	960:1017	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	34	theme	specific	965:972	arg1	shrinkage					1009:1017	cell shrinkage	1004:1017	cell shrinkage	1004:1017	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	35	dep	FACS-Mn	920:926	arg1	ZnS					928:930	ZnS	928:930	ZnS	928:930	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	2	36	theme	delivery	347:354	arg1	system					356:361	a targeted delivery system	336:361	a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	336:417	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	0	37	theme	Histological	0:11	arg1	analysis					13:20	Histological analysis	0:20	Histological analysis	0:20	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	1	38	theme	cell	240:243	arg1	resistance					245:254	cancer cell resistance	233:254	cancer cell resistance	233:254	5-Fluororaucil (5-FU) as anti-cancer drug was reported to induce thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression and cancer cell resistance.
28791524	8	39	theme	possible	1758:1765	arg1	resistances					1773:1783	possible tumor resistances	1758:1783	possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug	1758:1800	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	9	40	theme	4T1	1925:1927	arg1	proliferation					1939:1951	4T1 cell line proliferation	1925:1951	4T1 cell line proliferation	1925:1951	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	5	41	dep	FACS-Mn	793:799	arg1	composite					805:813	ZnS composite	801:813	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	784:813	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	2	42	theme	ligand-folate	386:398	arg1	chemistry					409:417	the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	375:417	the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	375:417	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	6	43	theme	tumor	1316:1320	arg1	mass					1322:1325	the tumor mass	1312:1325	the tumor mass	1312:1325	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	7	44	dep	FACS-Mn	1365:1371	arg1	composite					1377:1385	ZnS composite	1373:1385	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	1356:1385	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	9	45	from	effects	1848:1854	arg1	mice					1956:1959	mice	1956:1959	mice	1956:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	9	46	theme	line	1934:1937	arg1	proliferation					1939:1951	4T1 cell line proliferation	1925:1951	4T1 cell line proliferation	1925:1951	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	0	47	theme	drug	37:40	arg1	analysis					13:20	Histological analysis	0:20	Histological analysis	0:20	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	7	48	theme	superior	1393:1400	arg1	role					1402:1405	a superior role	1391:1405	a superior role	1391:1405	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	2	49	theme	5-FU	434:437	arg1	drug					439:442	the 5-FU drug	430:442	the 5-FU drug	430:442	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	6	50	theme	distributed	1282:1292	arg1	adipocytes					1294:1303	widely distributed adipocytes	1275:1303	widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass	1275:1325	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	51	theme	obvious	1027:1033	arg1	presence					1035:1042	obvious presence	1027:1042	obvious presence of adipocytes	1027:1056	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	2	52	theme	selective	297:305	arg1	targeting					307:315	selective targeting	297:315	selective targeting	297:315	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	1	53	theme	thymidine	190:198	arg1	TS					210:211	TS	210:211	TS	210:211	5-Fluororaucil (5-FU) as anti-cancer drug was reported to induce thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression and cancer cell resistance.
28791524	1	53	theme	thymidine	190:198	arg1	synthase					200:207	thymidine synthase	190:207	thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression	190:227	5-Fluororaucil (5-FU) as anti-cancer drug was reported to induce thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression and cancer cell resistance.
28791524	7	54	theme	ZnS	1373:1375	arg1	composite					1377:1385	ZnS composite	1373:1385	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	1356:1385	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	0	55	dep	challenged	108:117	arg1	4T1					104:106	4T1	104:106	4T1	104:106	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	4	56	theme	tumor	736:740	arg1	remission					742:750	an improved tumor remission	724:750	an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs	724:781	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	7	57	theme	4T1	1448:1450	arg1	cells					1452:1456	the 4T1 cells	1444:1456	the 4T1 cells	1444:1456	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	9	58	from	mice	1956:1959	arg1	effects					1848:1854	the anti-metastatic effects	1828:1854	the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis	1828:1994	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	8	59	theme	anti-proliferative	1714:1731	arg1	properties					1733:1742	the anti-proliferative properties	1710:1742	the anti-proliferative properties	1710:1742	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	7	60	theme	5-FU	1360:1363	arg1	FACS-Mn					1365:1371	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn	1356:1371	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	1356:1385	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	8	61	dep	improving	1700:1708	arg1	addition					1688:1695	addition	1688:1695	addition	1688:1695	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	62	theme	treated	1146:1152	arg1	group					1154:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	5	63	theme	5-FU	788:791	arg1	FACS-Mn					793:799	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn	784:799	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	784:813	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	64	theme	excised	1063:1069	arg1	section					1071:1077	the excised section	1059:1077	the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group	1059:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	4	65	theme	@	611:611	arg1	FACS-Mn					612:618	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn	603:618	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.	603:782	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	6	66	theme	5-FU	1136:1139	arg1	group					1154:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	1	67	theme	anti-cancer	150:160	arg1	drug					162:165	anti-cancer drug	150:165	anti-cancer drug	150:165	5-Fluororaucil (5-FU) as anti-cancer drug was reported to induce thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression and cancer cell resistance.
28791524	7	68	theme	treated	1492:1498	arg1	groups					1500:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	8	69	theme	tumor	1767:1771	arg1	resistances					1773:1783	possible tumor resistances	1758:1783	possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug	1758:1800	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	8	70	theme	5-FU	1576:1579	arg1	drug					1593:1596	5-FU anti-cancer drug	1576:1596	5-FU anti-cancer drug	1576:1596	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	3	71	theme	-biopolymer	544:554	arg1	system					562:567	chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system	531:567	chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation	531:600	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	7	72	theme	5-FU	1482:1485	arg1	groups					1500:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	the free 5-FU drug treated groups	1473:1505	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	0	73	theme	mice	119:122	arg1	lesions					93:99	metastatic lesions	82:99	metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice	82:122	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	7	74	contain	has	1387:1389	arg2	role					1402:1405	a superior role	1391:1405	a superior role	1391:1405	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	7	74	contain	has	1387:1389	arg1	FACS-Mn					1365:1371	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn	1356:1371	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	1356:1385	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	3	75	theme	based	556:560	arg1	system					562:567	chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system	531:567	chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation	531:600	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	6	76	theme	control	1109:1115	arg1	group					1117:1121	the untreated control group	1095:1121	the untreated control group	1095:1121	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	9	77	theme	anti-metastatic	1832:1846	arg1	effects					1848:1854	the anti-metastatic effects	1828:1854	the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis	1828:1994	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	4	78	from	remission	742:750	arg1	lungs					777:781	lungs	777:781	lungs	777:781	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	4	78	from	remission	742:750	arg1	spleen					766:771	spleen	766:771	spleen	766:771	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	4	78	from	remission	742:750	arg1	liver					759:763	liver	759:763	liver	759:763	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	9	79	dep	5-Fluororacil	1876:1888	arg1	dots					1912:1915	ZnS quantum dots	1900:1915	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice	1859:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	3	80	theme	acid	580:583	arg1	-conjugation					589:600	folic acid (FA)-conjugation	574:600	folic acid (FA)-conjugation	574:600	The preparation was achieved by exploring chitosan (CS)-biopolymer based system with folic acid (FA)-conjugation.
28791524	6	81	theme	@	919:919	arg1	FACS-Mn					920:926	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn	911:926	the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS	911:930	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	2	82	theme	tumor	465:469	arg1	microenvironment					471:486	the tumor microenvironment	461:486	the tumor microenvironment	461:486	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	6	83	theme	tumor	1086:1090	arg1	section					1071:1077	the excised section	1059:1077	the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group	1059:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	9	84	theme	acid-bound	1865:1874	arg1	5-Fluororacil					1876:1888	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil	1859:1888	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice	1859:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	4	85	theme	quantum	624:630	arg1	QDs					638:640	QDs	638:640	QDs	638:640	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	4	85	theme	quantum	624:630	arg1	dots					632:635	ZnS quantum dots	620:635	ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice	620:715	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	6	86	theme	tumor	1247:1251	arg1	mass					1253:1256	the tumor mass	1243:1256	the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass	1243:1325	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	0	87	theme	quantum	66:72	arg1	dots					74:77	Mn:ZnS quantum dots	59:77	Mn:ZnS quantum dots	59:77	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	5	88	theme	ZnS	801:803	arg1	composite					805:813	ZnS composite	801:813	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite	784:813	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	7	89	theme	apoptosis	1431:1439	arg1	induction					1418:1426	the induction	1414:1426	the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells	1414:1456	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	8	90	theme	selective	1655:1663	arg1	efficacy					1675:1682	its selective targeting efficacy	1651:1682	its selective targeting efficacy	1651:1682	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	91	from	section	1071:1077	arg1	group					1117:1121	the untreated control group	1095:1121	the untreated control group	1095:1121	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	91	from	section	1071:1077	arg1	group					1154:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	the free 5-FU drug treated group	1127:1158	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	5	92	theme	free	888:891	arg1	drug					898:901	the free 5-FU drug	884:901	the free 5-FU drug	884:901	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite induced anti-proliferative properties in these organs as compared to the free 5-FU drug.
28791524	6	93	theme	morphological	974:986	arg1	changes					988:994	some specific morphological changes	960:994	some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage	960:1017	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	93	theme	morphological	974:986	arg1	shrinkage					1009:1017	cell shrinkage	1004:1017	cell shrinkage	1004:1017	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	9	94	theme	quantum	1904:1910	arg1	dots					1912:1915	ZnS quantum dots	1900:1915	folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice	1859:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	4	95	theme	challenged	701:710	arg1	mice					712:715	the 4T1 challenged mice	693:715	the 4T1 challenged mice	693:715	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	4	96	theme	histological	656:667	arg1	assessment					669:678	the histological assessment	652:678	the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice	652:715	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	2	97	theme	targeted	338:345	arg1	system					356:361	a targeted delivery system	336:361	a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	336:417	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	0	98	theme	anti-cancer	25:35	arg1	drug					37:40	anti-cancer drug	25:40	anti-cancer drug	25:40	Histological analysis of anti-cancer drug loaded, targeted Mn:ZnS quantum dots in metastatic lesions of 4T1 challenged mice.
28791524	7	99	from	induction	1418:1426	arg1	cells					1452:1456	the 4T1 cells	1444:1456	the 4T1 cells	1444:1456	These findings suggest that the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS composite has a superior role during the induction of apoptosis in the 4T1 cells as compared to the free 5-FU drug treated groups.
28791524	2	100	theme	receptor	400:407	arg1	chemistry					409:417	the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	375:417	the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	375:417	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	9	101	theme	cell	1929:1932	arg1	proliferation					1939:1951	4T1 cell line proliferation	1925:1951	4T1 cell line proliferation	1925:1951	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	8	102	theme	drug	1593:1596	arg1	impregnation					1560:1571	the impregnation	1556:1571	the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system	1556:1626	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	2	103	theme	active	379:384	arg1	chemistry					409:417	the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	375:417	the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry	375:417	To improve its therapeutic efficacy and selective targeting, here we developed a targeted delivery system mediated by the active ligand-folate receptor chemistry to deliver the 5-FU drug selectively into the tumor microenvironment.
28791524	6	104	theme	treated	932:938	arg1	groups					940:945	treated groups	932:945	treated groups	932:945	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	6	105	theme	adipocytes	1294:1303	arg1	evidence					1263:1270	evidence	1263:1270	evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass	1263:1325	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	8	106	theme	5-FU	1792:1795	arg1	drug					1797:1800	the 5-FU drug	1788:1800	the 5-FU drug	1788:1800	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28791524	1	107	theme	synthase	200:207	arg1	overexpression					214:227	thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression	190:227	thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression	190:227	5-Fluororaucil (5-FU) as anti-cancer drug was reported to induce thymidine synthase (TS) overexpression and cancer cell resistance.
28791524	4	108	dep	FACS-Mn	612:618	arg1	showed					717:722	showed	717:722	showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs	717:781	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	6	109	theme	cell	1004:1007	arg1	shrinkage					1009:1017	cell shrinkage	1004:1017	cell shrinkage	1004:1017	Unlike the 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS treated groups which showed some specific morphological changes such as cell shrinkage without obvious presence of adipocytes, the excised section of the tumor in the untreated control group and the free 5-FU drug treated group showed necrotic and degenerated cells; these cells are multifocally distributed in the tumor mass with evidence of widely distributed adipocytes within the tumor mass.
28791524	9	110	from	5-Fluororacil	1876:1888	arg1	mice					1956:1959	mice	1956:1959	mice	1956:1959	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	9	111	theme	histological	1974:1985	arg1	analysis					1987:1994	the histological analysis	1970:1994	the histological analysis	1970:1994	The work discusses about the anti-metastatic effects of folic acid-bound 5-Fluororacil loaded Mn:ZnS quantum dots towards 4T1 cell line proliferation in mice based on the histological analysis.
28791524	4	112	theme	improved	727:734	arg1	remission					742:750	an improved tumor remission	724:750	an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs	724:781	The 5-FU@FACS-Mn:ZnS quantum dots (QDs) based on the histological assessment conducted in the 4T1 challenged mice showed an improved tumor remission in the liver, spleen and lungs.
28791524	8	113	theme	study	1527:1531	arg1	results					1512:1518	The results	1508:1518	The results of the study	1508:1531	The results of the study therefore suggest that the impregnation of 5-FU anti-cancer drug within the FACS-Mn:ZnS system significantly improves its selective targeting efficacy, in addition to improving the anti-proliferative properties and attenuate possible tumor resistances to the 5-FU drug.
28333943	0	0	theme	added	91:95	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	3	1	theme	polydiallyldimethylammonium	713:739	arg1	PDDA					751:754	PDDA	751:754	PDDA	751:754	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	3	1	theme	polydiallyldimethylammonium	713:739	arg1	chloride					741:748	cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride	704:748	cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA)	704:755	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	4	2	theme	electrocatalytic	904:919	arg1	activity					921:928	high electrocatalytic activity	899:928	high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS	899:964	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	1	3	theme	graphene	272:279	arg1	oxide					281:285	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide	252:285	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode	252:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	3	theme	graphene	272:279	arg1	MRGO					288:291	MRGO	288:291	MRGO	288:291	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	0	4	theme	oxide	85:89	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	6	5	theme	enzymatic	1299:1307	arg1	applications					1319:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	4	6	theme	high	899:902	arg1	activity					921:928	high electrocatalytic activity	899:928	high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS	899:964	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	6	7	theme	biosensor	1309:1317	arg1	applications					1319:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	1	8	theme	oxide	281:285	arg1	sheets					294:299	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets	252:299	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode	252:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	0	9	theme	nanoparticles-modified	102:123	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	2	10	theme	=	601:601	arg1	R2					598:599	R2 = 0.997	598:607	R2 = 0.997	598:607	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	2	11	theme	μA/mMcm2	642:649	arg1	sensitivity					620:630	high sensitivity	615:630	high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2	615:649	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	2	11	theme	μA/mMcm2	642:649	arg1	response					559:566	a wide linear response	545:566	a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997)	545:608	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	3	12	theme	electrode	832:840	arg1	surface					799:805	the surface	795:805	the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode	795:840	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	0	13	theme	PtAu	97:100	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	1	14	theme	modified	370:377	arg1	electrode					392:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	2	15	theme	wide	547:550	arg1	response					559:566	a wide linear response	545:566	a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997)	545:608	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	1	16	theme	Au	379:380	arg1	electrode					392:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	4	17	theme	biosensor	869:877	arg1	electrode					879:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode	843:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode	843:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	2	18	theme	MRGO/PtAuNPs	418:429	arg1	electrode					447:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	0	19	theme	hybrid	125:130	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	1	20	theme	substrate	382:390	arg1	electrode					392:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	2	21	theme	high	615:618	arg1	sensitivity					620:630	high sensitivity	615:630	high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2	615:649	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	2	22	theme	fabricated	407:416	arg1	electrode					447:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	5	23	theme	μM	1049:1050	arg1	limit					1038:1042	a low detection limit	1022:1042	a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3)	1022:1079	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	2	24	dep	8	592:592	arg1	to					589:590	to	589:590	to	589:590	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	5	25	theme	good	983:986	arg1	properties					999:1008	good analytical properties	983:1008	good analytical properties	983:1008	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	26	theme	short	1082:1086	arg1	s					1105:1105	3 s	1103:1105	3 s	1103:1105	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	26	theme	short	1082:1086	arg1	time					1097:1100	short response time	1082:1100	short response time (3 s)	1082:1106	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	0	27	theme	enzymatic	25:33	arg1	biosensor					35:43	sensitive enzymatic biosensor	15:43	sensitive enzymatic biosensor	15:43	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	6	28	theme	type	1294:1297	arg1	applications					1319:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	5	29	theme	signal-to-noise	1053:1067	arg1	ratio					1069:1073	signal-to-noise ratio	1053:1073	signal-to-noise ratio of 3	1053:1078	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	4	30	theme	as-fabricated	848:860	arg1	electrode					879:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode	843:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode	843:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	1	31	theme	glucose	225:231	arg1	oxidase					233:239	glucose oxidase	225:239	glucose oxidase (GOx)	225:245	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	31	theme	glucose	225:231	arg1	GOx					242:244	GOx	242:244	GOx	242:244	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	0	32	theme	sensitive	15:23	arg1	biosensor					35:43	sensitive enzymatic biosensor	15:43	sensitive enzymatic biosensor	15:43	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	5	33	theme	wide	1150:1153	arg1	range					1162:1166	a wide linear range	1148:1166	a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing	1148:1198	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	33	theme	wide	1150:1153	arg1	mM					1176:1177	0.01-8 mM	1169:1177	0.01-8 mM	1169:1177	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	6	34	theme	new	1290:1292	arg1	applications					1319:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1290:1330	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	1	35	theme	oxidase	233:239	arg1	immobilization					207:220	immobilization	207:220	immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode	207:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	5	36	theme	linear	1155:1160	arg1	range					1162:1166	a wide linear range	1148:1166	a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing	1148:1198	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	36	theme	linear	1155:1160	arg1	mM					1176:1177	0.01-8 mM	1169:1177	0.01-8 mM	1169:1177	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	37	theme	glucose	1184:1190	arg1	sensing					1192:1198	glucose sensing	1184:1198	glucose sensing	1184:1198	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	6	38	theme	developed	1237:1245	arg1	electrode					1255:1263	the newly developed sensing electrode	1227:1263	the newly developed sensing electrode	1227:1263	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	5	39	dep	μM	1049:1050	arg1	ratio					1069:1073	signal-to-noise ratio	1053:1073	signal-to-noise ratio of 3	1053:1078	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	2	40	theme	hybrid	440:445	arg1	electrode					447:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	0	41	theme	biosensor	35:43	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor	0:43	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	2	42	theme	H2O2	523:526	arg1	oxidation					510:518	oxidation	510:518	oxidation	510:518	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	3	43	theme	casting	777:783	arg1	method					785:790	a casting method	775:790	a casting method	775:790	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	2	44	theme	electrocatalytic	475:490	arg1	activities					492:501	high electrocatalytic activities	470:501	high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2	470:649	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	2	45	theme	modified	431:438	arg1	electrode					447:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode	403:455	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	0	46	theme	multi-layered	54:66	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	2	47	dep	ranged	573:578	arg1	R2					598:599	R2 = 0.997	598:607	R2 = 0.997	598:607	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	6	48	theme	great	1272:1276	arg1	promise					1278:1284	great promise	1272:1284	great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications	1272:1330	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	2	49	theme	linear	552:557	arg1	response					559:566	a wide linear response	545:566	a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997)	545:608	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	1	50	dep	platinum	316:323	arg1	electrode					392:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	modified Au substrate electrode	370:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	51	theme	gold	329:332	arg1	PtAuNPs					361:367	PtAuNPs	361:367	PtAuNPs	361:367	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	51	theme	gold	329:332	arg1	nanoparticles					346:358	gold flower-like nanoparticles	329:358	gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs)	329:368	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	5	52	theme	high	1109:1112	arg1	sensitivity					1114:1124	high sensitivity	1109:1124	high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2)	1109:1141	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	52	theme	high	1109:1112	arg1	μA/mMcm2					1133:1140	17.85 μA/mMcm2	1127:1140	17.85 μA/mMcm2	1127:1140	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	3	53	theme	glucose	665:671	arg1	composite					690:698	glucose oxidase-chitosan composite	665:698	glucose oxidase-chitosan composite	665:698	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	4	54	theme	hybrid	862:867	arg1	electrode					879:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode	843:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode	843:887	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	5	55	theme	response	1088:1095	arg1	s					1105:1105	3 s	1103:1105	3 s	1103:1105	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	5	55	theme	response	1088:1095	arg1	time					1097:1100	short response time	1082:1100	short response time (3 s)	1082:1106	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	1	56	theme	flower-like	334:344	arg1	PtAuNPs					361:367	PtAuNPs	361:367	PtAuNPs	361:367	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	56	theme	flower-like	334:344	arg1	nanoparticles					346:358	gold flower-like nanoparticles	329:358	gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs)	329:368	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	4	57	theme	glucose	951:957	arg1	detection					938:946	the detection	934:946	the detection of glucose in PBS	934:964	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	3	58	theme	oxidase-chitosan	673:688	arg1	composite					690:698	glucose oxidase-chitosan composite	665:698	glucose oxidase-chitosan composite	665:698	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	5	59	theme	low	1024:1026	arg1	limit					1038:1042	a low detection limit	1022:1042	a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3)	1022:1079	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	2	60	contain	had	541:543	arg1	it					538:539	it	538:539	it	538:539	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	2	60	contain	had	541:543	arg2	response					559:566	a wide linear response	545:566	a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997)	545:608	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	2	60	contain	had	541:543	arg2	sensitivity					620:630	high sensitivity	615:630	high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2	615:649	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	5	61	theme	analytical	988:997	arg1	properties					999:1008	good analytical properties	983:1008	good analytical properties	983:1008	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	3	62	theme	MRGO/PtAuNPs	810:821	arg1	electrode					832:840	MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode	810:840	MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode	810:840	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	6	63	theme	sensing	1247:1253	arg1	electrode					1255:1263	the newly developed sensing electrode	1227:1263	the newly developed sensing electrode	1227:1263	These results reveal that the newly developed sensing electrode offers great promise for new type enzymatic biosensor applications.
28333943	4	64	from	detection	938:946	arg1	PBS					962:964	PBS	962:964	PBS	962:964	This as-fabricated hybrid biosensor electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of glucose in PBS.
28333943	5	65	theme	detection	1028:1036	arg1	limit					1038:1042	a low detection limit	1022:1042	a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3)	1022:1079	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	1	66	theme	sensitive	152:160	arg1	sensor					183:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor	143:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor	143:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	5	67	theme	3	1078:1078	arg1	ratio					1069:1073	signal-to-noise ratio	1053:1073	signal-to-noise ratio of 3	1053:1078	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	3	68	theme	modified	823:830	arg1	electrode					832:840	MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode	810:840	MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode	810:840	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	0	69	theme	graphene	76:83	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	5	70	theme	limit	1038:1042	arg1	terms					1013:1017	terms	1013:1017	terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3)	1013:1079	It demonstrated good analytical properties in terms of a low detection limit of 1 μM (signal-to-noise ratio of 3), short response time (3 s), high sensitivity (17.85 μA/mMcm2), and a wide linear range (0.01-8 mM) for glucose sensing.
28333943	1	71	theme	amperometric	162:173	arg1	sensor					183:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor	143:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor	143:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	72	theme	multi-layer	252:262	arg1	oxide					281:285	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide	252:285	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode	252:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	72	theme	multi-layer	252:262	arg1	MRGO					288:291	MRGO	288:291	MRGO	288:291	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	0	73	theme	reduced	68:74	arg1	electrode					132:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode	54:140	Fabrication of sensitive enzymatic biosensor based on multi-layered reduced graphene oxide added PtAu nanoparticles-modified hybrid electrode.
28333943	3	74	theme	cationic	704:711	arg1	PDDA					751:754	PDDA	751:754	PDDA	751:754	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	3	74	theme	cationic	704:711	arg1	chloride					741:748	cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride	704:748	cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA)	704:755	Furthermore, glucose oxidase-chitosan composite and cationic polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA) were assembled by a casting method on the surface of MRGO/PtAuNPs modified electrode.
28333943	2	75	theme	high	470:473	arg1	activities					492:501	high electrocatalytic activities	470:501	high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2	470:649	The fabricated MRGO/PtAuNPs modified hybrid electrode demonstrated high electrocatalytic activities toward oxidation of H2O2, to which it had a wide linear response that ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM (R2 = 0.997), and high sensitivity of 506.25 μA/mMcm2.
28333943	1	76	theme	glucose	175:181	arg1	sensor					183:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor	143:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor	143:188	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	77	theme	reduced	264:270	arg1	oxide					281:285	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide	252:285	multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode	252:400	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
28333943	1	77	theme	reduced	264:270	arg1	MRGO					288:291	MRGO	288:291	MRGO	288:291	A highly sensitive amperometric glucose sensor was developed by immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto multi-layer reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) sheets decorated with platinum and gold flower-like nanoparticles (PtAuNPs) modified Au substrate electrode.
27939533	10	0	from	milk	1470:1473	arg1	gland					1492:1496	the gland	1488:1496	the gland	1488:1496	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	6	1	theme	Harvested	716:724	arg1	yield					731:735	Harvested milk yield	716:735	Harvested milk yield	716:735	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	8	2	from	effect	1180:1185	arg1	rate					1219:1222	milk production rate	1203:1222	milk production rate	1203:1222	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	1	3	theme	quarter	216:222	arg1	level					224:228	the quarter level	212:228	the quarter level	212:228	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	9	4	from	effect	1341:1346	arg1	rate					1375:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	9	4	from	effect	1341:1346	arg1	interaction					1388:1398	the interaction	1384:1398	the interaction of week × treatment	1384:1418	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	0	5	with	composition	57:67	arg1	milkings					82:89	2 daily milkings	74:89	2 daily milkings	74:89	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	4	6	theme	milking	556:562	arg1	measurements					564:575	weekly calibration milking measurements	537:575	weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield	537:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	1	7	theme	incomplete	151:160	arg1	milking					162:168	incomplete milking	151:168	incomplete milking	151:168	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	5	8	theme	Control	606:612	arg1	quarters					614:621	Control quarters	606:621	Control quarters	606:621	Control quarters were milked completely until milk flow had decreased to 0 kg/min based on visual assessment.
27939533	10	9	theme	remaining	1553:1561	arg1	milk					1548:1551	milk remaining	1548:1561	milk remaining	1548:1561	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	6	10	theme	solids	823:828	arg1	nonfat					830:835	solids nonfat	823:835	solids nonfat	823:835	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	10	theme	solids	823:828	arg1	fat					800:802	fat	800:802	fat	800:802	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	4	11	theme	weekly	537:542	arg1	measurements					564:575	weekly calibration milking measurements	537:575	weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield	537:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	13	12	theme	production	1916:1925	arg1	rate					1927:1930	milk production rate	1911:1930	milk production rate	1911:1930	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	8	13	theme	control	1258:1264	arg1	half-udder					1266:1275	the average control half-udder	1246:1275	the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1246:1334	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	11	14	from	increase	1717:1724	arg1	percentage					1662:1671	milk lactose percentage	1649:1671	milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders	1649:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	11	14	from	increase	1717:1724	arg1	log10					1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	11	14	from	increase	1717:1724	arg1	count					1742:1746	somatic cell count	1729:1746	somatic cell count (log10)	1729:1754	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	8	15	with	significant	1228:1238	arg1	half-udder					1266:1275	the average control half-udder	1246:1275	the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1246:1334	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	10	16	from	increase	1536:1543	arg1	compartment					1580:1590	the cisternal compartment	1566:1590	the cisternal compartment	1566:1590	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	10	16	from	increase	1536:1543	arg1	milk					1548:1551	milk remaining	1548:1561	milk remaining	1548:1561	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	13	17	theme	autocrine-paracrine	2075:2093	arg1	factors					2095:2101	autocrine-paracrine factors	2075:2101	autocrine-paracrine factors	2075:2101	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	7	18	from	effects	1059:1065	arg1	milk					1125:1128	milk	1125:1128	milk remaining in the gland	1125:1151	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	7	18	from	effects	1059:1065	arg1	composition					1163:1173	milk composition	1158:1173	milk composition	1158:1173	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	7	18	from	effects	1059:1065	arg1	rate					1119:1122	milk production rate	1103:1122	milk production rate	1103:1122	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	4	19	theme	total	588:592	arg1	yield					599:603	quarter total milk yield	580:603	quarter total milk yield	580:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	0	20	theme	incomplete	10:19	arg1	milking					21:27	incomplete milking	10:27	incomplete milking	10:27	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	6	21	theme	somatic	862:868	arg1	count					875:879	somatic cell count	862:879	somatic cell count	862:879	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	4	22	theme	yield	599:603	arg1	measurements					564:575	weekly calibration milking measurements	537:575	weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield	537:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	8	23	theme	half-udder	1315:1324	arg1	kg/h					1331:1334	the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1301:1334	the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1301:1334	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	11	24	from	percentage	1662:1671	arg1	half-udders					1686:1696	treatment half-udders	1676:1696	treatment half-udders	1676:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	0	25	theme	daily	76:80	arg1	milkings					82:89	2 daily milkings	74:89	2 daily milkings	74:89	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	9	26	theme	week	1351:1354	arg1	significant					1430:1440	significant	1430:1440	significant	1430:1440	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	9	26	theme	week	1351:1354	arg1	effect					1341:1346	The effect	1337:1346	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment	1337:1418	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	6	27	theme	urea	843:846	arg1	fat					800:802	fat	800:802	fat	800:802	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	27	theme	urea	843:846	arg1	nitrogen					848:855	milk urea nitrogen	838:855	milk urea nitrogen	838:855	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	5	28	theme	milk	652:655	arg1	flow					657:660	milk flow	652:660	milk flow	652:660	Control quarters were milked completely until milk flow had decreased to 0 kg/min based on visual assessment.
27939533	7	29	used	used	1019:1022	arg2	approach					1006:1013	a mixed-model approach	992:1013	a mixed-model approach	992:1013	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	9	30	theme	milk	1359:1362	arg1	rate					1375:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	6	31	theme	quarter	916:922	arg1	level					924:928	the quarter level	912:928	the quarter level	912:928	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	11	32	from	decrease	1637:1644	arg1	percentage					1662:1671	milk lactose percentage	1649:1671	milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders	1649:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	11	32	from	decrease	1637:1644	arg1	log10					1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	11	32	from	decrease	1637:1644	arg1	count					1742:1746	somatic cell count	1729:1746	somatic cell count (log10)	1729:1754	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	3	33	theme	udder	353:357	arg1	Half					326:329	Half	326:329	Half of each contralateral udder	326:357	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	13	34	theme	epithelial	2002:2011	arg1	secretion					2018:2026	mammary epithelial cell secretion	1994:2026	mammary epithelial cell secretion	1994:2026	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	7	35	dep	experiment	1070:1079	arg1	week					1081:1084	week	1081:1084	week	1081:1084	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	8	36	theme	treatment	1190:1198	arg1	effect					1180:1185	The effect	1176:1185	The effect of treatment on milk production rate	1176:1222	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	8	36	theme	treatment	1190:1198	arg1	significant					1228:1238	significant	1228:1238	significant	1228:1238	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	10	37	theme	remaining	1475:1483	arg1	milk					1470:1473	milk remaining	1470:1483	milk remaining in the gland	1470:1496	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	7	38	theme	mixed-model	994:1004	arg1	approach					1006:1013	a mixed-model approach	992:1013	a mixed-model approach	992:1013	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	7	39	from	unit	948:951	arg1	design					961:966	this design	956:966	this design	956:966	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	8	40	theme	milk	1203:1206	arg1	rate					1219:1222	milk production rate	1203:1222	milk production rate	1203:1222	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	11	41	theme	significant	1705:1715	arg1	increase					1717:1724	a significant increase	1703:1724	a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10)	1703:1754	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	3	42	theme	teat	410:413	arg1	cup					415:417	the teat cup	406:417	the teat cup	406:417	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	0	43	theme	production	37:46	arg1	rate					48:51	milk production rate	32:51	milk production rate	32:51	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	3	44	dep	milked	376:381	arg1	treatment					384:392	treatment	384:392	treatment	384:392	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	7	45	theme	production	1108:1117	arg1	rate					1119:1122	milk production rate	1103:1122	milk production rate	1103:1122	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	11	46	theme	significant	1625:1635	arg1	decrease					1637:1644	a significant decrease	1623:1644	a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders	1623:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	13	47	theme	treatment	1935:1943	arg1	half-udders					1945:1955	treatment half-udders	1935:1955	treatment half-udders	1935:1955	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	4	48	theme	remaining	501:509	arg1	milk					496:499	This target milk remaining	484:509	This target milk remaining in the gland	484:522	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	12	49	from	mean	1809:1812	arg1	small					1785:1789	small	1785:1789	small	1785:1789	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	12	49	from	mean	1809:1812	arg1	quarters					1844:1851	control quarters	1836:1851	control quarters	1836:1851	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	12	49	from	mean	1809:1812	arg1	increase					1761:1768	The increase	1757:1768	The increase	1757:1768	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	11	50	theme	lactose	1654:1660	arg1	percentage					1662:1671	milk lactose percentage	1649:1671	milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders	1649:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	13	51	theme	milk	1911:1914	arg1	rate					1927:1930	milk production rate	1911:1930	milk production rate	1911:1930	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	12	52	theme	geometric	1799:1807	arg1	mean					1809:1812	a geometric mean	1797:1812	a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters	1797:1851	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	7	53	theme	experiment	1070:1079	arg1	effects					1059:1065	the main and interactive effects	1034:1065	the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition	1034:1173	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	6	54	dep	components	788:797	arg1	lactose					814:820	lactose	814:820	lactose	814:820	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	54	dep	components	788:797	arg1	nonfat					830:835	solids nonfat	823:835	solids nonfat	823:835	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	54	dep	components	788:797	arg1	protein					805:811	protein	805:811	protein	805:811	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	54	dep	components	788:797	arg1	fat					800:802	fat	800:802	fat	800:802	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	54	dep	components	788:797	arg1	nitrogen					848:855	milk urea nitrogen	838:855	milk urea nitrogen	838:855	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	13	55	from	decrease	1899:1906	arg1	rate					1927:1930	milk production rate	1911:1930	milk production rate	1911:1930	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	13	55	from	decrease	1899:1906	arg1	half-udders					1945:1955	treatment half-udders	1935:1955	treatment half-udders	1935:1955	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	3	56	theme	yield	470:474	arg1	yield					470:474	the total milk yield	455:474	the total milk yield behind	455:481	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	3	56	theme	yield	470:474	arg1	%					450:450	approximately 30%	434:450	approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind	434:481	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	6	57	theme	milk	783:786	arg1	components					788:797	milk components	783:797	milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen)	783:856	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	4	58	theme	target	489:494	arg1	milk					496:499	This target milk remaining	484:509	This target milk remaining in the gland	484:522	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	7	59	theme	experimental	935:946	arg1	unit					948:951	The experimental unit	931:951	The experimental unit in this design	931:966	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	7	59	theme	experimental	935:946	arg1	half-udder					976:985	the half-udder	972:985	the half-udder	972:985	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	4	60	theme	calibration	544:554	arg1	measurements					564:575	weekly calibration milking measurements	537:575	weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield	537:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	10	61	theme	cisternal	1570:1578	arg1	compartment					1580:1590	the cisternal compartment	1566:1590	the cisternal compartment	1566:1590	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	6	62	theme	milk	838:841	arg1	fat					800:802	fat	800:802	fat	800:802	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	6	62	theme	milk	838:841	arg1	nitrogen					848:855	milk urea nitrogen	838:855	milk urea nitrogen	838:855	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	9	63	theme	×	1408:1408	arg1	treatment					1410:1418	week × treatment	1403:1418	week × treatment	1403:1418	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	3	64	theme	total	459:463	arg1	yield					470:474	the total milk yield	455:474	the total milk yield behind	455:481	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	1	65	theme	milking	162:168	arg1	effects					140:146	the effects	136:146	the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition	136:207	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	8	66	theme	average	1250:1256	arg1	half-udder					1266:1275	the average control half-udder	1246:1275	the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1246:1334	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	12	67	theme	cells/mL	1824:1831	arg1	mean					1809:1812	a geometric mean	1797:1812	a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters	1797:1851	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	1	68	theme	milk	173:176	arg1	secretion					178:186	milk secretion	173:186	milk secretion	173:186	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	12	69	theme	treatment	1875:1883	arg1	quarters					1885:1892	treatment quarters	1875:1892	treatment quarters	1875:1892	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	11	70	theme	cell	1737:1740	arg1	log10					1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	11	70	theme	cell	1737:1740	arg1	count					1742:1746	somatic cell count	1729:1746	somatic cell count (log10)	1729:1754	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	1	71	theme	primary	96:102	arg1	aim					104:106	The primary aim	92:106	The primary aim of this study	92:120	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	0	72	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	composition					57:67	composition	57:67	composition	57:67	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	0	72	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	rate					48:51	milk production rate	32:51	milk production rate	32:51	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	12	73	theme	control	1836:1842	arg1	quarters					1844:1851	control quarters	1836:1851	control quarters	1836:1851	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	7	74	theme	interactive	1047:1057	arg1	effects					1059:1065	the main and interactive effects	1034:1065	the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition	1034:1173	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	1	75	theme	study	116:120	arg1	aim					104:106	The primary aim	92:106	The primary aim of this study	92:120	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	6	76	theme	cell	870:873	arg1	count					875:879	somatic cell count	862:879	somatic cell count	862:879	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	8	77	theme	treatment	1305:1313	arg1	kg/h					1331:1334	the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1301:1334	the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h	1301:1334	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	7	78	theme	milk	1158:1161	arg1	composition					1163:1173	milk composition	1158:1173	milk composition	1158:1173	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	4	79	theme	quarter	580:586	arg1	yield					599:603	quarter total milk yield	580:603	quarter total milk yield	580:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	7	80	theme	main	1038:1041	arg1	effects					1059:1065	the main and interactive effects	1034:1065	the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition	1034:1173	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	1	81	from	effects	140:146	arg1	composition					197:207	milk composition	192:207	milk composition	192:207	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	1	81	from	effects	140:146	arg1	secretion					178:186	milk secretion	173:186	milk secretion	173:186	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	3	82	dep	yield	470:474	arg1	behind					476:481	behind	476:481	behind	476:481	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	4	83	theme	milk	594:597	arg1	yield					599:603	quarter total milk yield	580:603	quarter total milk yield	580:603	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	4	84	from	milk	496:499	arg1	gland					518:522	the gland	514:522	the gland	514:522	This target milk remaining in the gland was based on weekly calibration milking measurements of quarter total milk yield.
27939533	3	85	theme	milk	465:468	arg1	yield					470:474	the total milk yield	455:474	the total milk yield behind	455:481	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	5	86	theme	visual	697:702	arg1	assessment					704:713	visual assessment	697:713	visual assessment	697:713	Control quarters were milked completely until milk flow had decreased to 0 kg/min based on visual assessment.
27939533	9	87	theme	production	1364:1373	arg1	rate					1375:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	0	88	theme	milking	21:27	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.	0:90	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	13	89	theme	cell	2013:2016	arg1	secretion					2018:2026	mammary epithelial cell secretion	1994:2026	mammary epithelial cell secretion	1994:2026	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	12	90	from	cells/mL	1863:1870	arg1	quarters					1885:1892	treatment quarters	1875:1892	treatment quarters	1875:1892	The increase was relatively small, from a geometric mean of 26,300 cells/mL in control quarters to 48,300 cells/mL in treatment quarters.
27939533	3	91	dep	leave	428:432	arg1	early					419:423	early	419:423	early	419:423	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	11	92	theme	somatic	1729:1735	arg1	log10					1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	log10	1749:1753	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	11	92	theme	somatic	1729:1735	arg1	count					1742:1746	somatic cell count	1729:1746	somatic cell count (log10)	1729:1754	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	0	93	theme	milk	32:35	arg1	rate					48:51	milk production rate	32:51	milk production rate	32:51	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	3	94	theme	contralateral	339:351	arg1	udder					353:357	each contralateral udder	334:357	each contralateral udder	334:357	Half of each contralateral udder was incompletely milked (treatment), detaching the teat cup early to leave approximately 30% of the total milk yield behind.
27939533	10	95	theme	treatment	1457:1465	arg1	effect					1447:1452	The effect	1443:1452	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland	1443:1496	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	10	95	theme	treatment	1457:1465	arg1	significant					1502:1512	significant	1502:1512	significant	1502:1512	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	9	96	theme	week	1403:1406	arg1	treatment					1410:1418	week × treatment	1403:1418	week × treatment	1403:1418	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	2	97	from	d	315:315	arg1	milk					320:323	milk	320:323	milk	320:323	Twelve cows were enrolled beginning at 5 d in milk and remained on study through 47 d in milk.
27939533	7	98	theme	milk	1103:1106	arg1	rate					1119:1122	milk production rate	1103:1122	milk production rate	1103:1122	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	8	99	theme	production	1208:1217	arg1	rate					1219:1222	milk production rate	1203:1222	milk production rate	1203:1222	The effect of treatment on milk production rate was significant, with the average control half-udder producing 0.97 kg/h and the treatment half-udder 0.73 kg/h.
27939533	11	100	theme	milk	1649:1652	arg1	percentage					1662:1671	milk lactose percentage	1649:1671	milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders	1649:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	13	101	theme	mammary	1994:2000	arg1	secretion					2018:2026	mammary epithelial cell secretion	1994:2026	mammary epithelial cell secretion	1994:2026	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
27939533	9	102	theme	treatment	1410:1418	arg1	rate					1375:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	milk production rate	1359:1378	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	9	102	theme	treatment	1410:1418	arg1	interaction					1388:1398	the interaction	1384:1398	the interaction of week × treatment	1384:1418	The effect of week on milk production rate and the interaction of week × treatment were also significant.
27939533	10	103	from	effect	1447:1452	arg1	milk					1470:1473	milk remaining	1470:1483	milk remaining in the gland	1470:1496	The effect of treatment on milk remaining in the gland was significant, illustrating that an increase in milk remaining in the cisternal compartment had been achieved.
27939533	7	104	theme	treatment	1090:1098	arg1	effects					1059:1065	the main and interactive effects	1034:1065	the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition	1034:1173	The experimental unit in this design was the half-udder, and a mixed-model approach was used to assess the main and interactive effects of experiment week and treatment on milk production rate, milk remaining in the gland, and milk composition.
27939533	0	105	with	rate	48:51	arg1	milkings					82:89	2 daily milkings	74:89	2 daily milkings	74:89	Effect of incomplete milking on milk production rate and composition with 2 daily milkings.
27939533	1	106	theme	milk	192:195	arg1	composition					197:207	milk composition	192:207	milk composition	192:207	The primary aim of this study was to assess the effects of incomplete milking on milk secretion and milk composition at the quarter level.
27939533	6	107	theme	milk	726:729	arg1	yield					731:735	Harvested milk yield	716:735	Harvested milk yield	716:735	Harvested milk yield was measured twice daily at each milking, and milk components (fat, protein, lactose, solids nonfat, milk urea nitrogen) and somatic cell count, were measured twice weekly at the quarter level.
27939533	11	108	theme	treatment	1676:1684	arg1	half-udders					1686:1696	treatment half-udders	1676:1696	treatment half-udders	1676:1696	We detected a significant decrease in milk lactose percentage in treatment half-udders, and a significant increase in somatic cell count (log10).
27939533	13	109	theme	current	1966:1972	arg1	knowledge					1974:1982	current knowledge	1966:1982	current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors	1966:2101	The decrease in milk production rate in treatment half-udders supports current knowledge about how mammary epithelial cell secretion, proliferation, and apoptosis are modulated by autocrine-paracrine factors.
26211708	10	0	theme	Research	1506:1513	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	0	theme	Research	1506:1513	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	8	1	from	%	1144:1144	arg1	group					1165:1169	the bivalirudin group	1149:1169	the bivalirudin group	1149:1169	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	9	2	theme	all-cause	1331:1339	arg1	mortality					1341:1349	all-cause mortality	1331:1349	all-cause mortality	1331:1349	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	7	3	dep	RESULTS	825:831	arg1	observed					882:889	observed	882:889	was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76)	878:1081	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	11	4	theme	bivalirudin-treated	1681:1699	arg1	group					1701:1705	the bivalirudin-treated group	1677:1705	the bivalirudin-treated group	1677:1705	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	10	5	theme	end	1538:1540	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	5	theme	end	1538:1540	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	1	6	theme	bivalirudin	172:182	arg1	efficacy					130:137	efficacy	130:137	efficacy	130:137	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	6	theme	bivalirudin	172:182	arg1	safety					119:124	safety	119:124	safety	119:124	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	6	7	theme	Secondary	692:700	arg1	outcomes					702:709	Secondary outcomes	692:709	Secondary outcomes of interest	692:721	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	1	8	theme	unfractionated	189:202	arg1	UFH					213:215	UFH	213:215	UFH	213:215	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	8	theme	unfractionated	189:202	arg1	heparin					204:210	unfractionated heparin	189:210	unfractionated heparin (UFH)	189:216	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	2	9	theme	retrospective	289:301	arg1	analysis					303:310	this retrospective analysis	284:310	this retrospective analysis	284:310	METHODS In this retrospective analysis, 461 patients underwent TAVI between 2007 and 2012; 339 patients received bivalirudin, and 122 patients received UFH.
26211708	12	10	theme	TAVI	1864:1867	arg1	procedure					1869:1877	the TAVI procedure	1860:1877	the TAVI procedure	1860:1877	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	4	11	theme	UFH	570:572	arg1	group					574:578	the UFH group	566:578	the UFH group	566:578	In the UFH group, only the Medtronic CoreValve was implanted.
26211708	11	12	from	days	1659:1662	arg1	safety					1646:1651	The early safety	1636:1651	The early safety at 30 days	1636:1662	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	11	12	from	days	1659:1662	arg1	%					1672:1672	85.3%	1668:1672	85.3%	1668:1672	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	9	13	theme	bivalirudin	1375:1385	arg1	P					1407:1407	P = 0.57	1407:1414	P = 0.57	1407:1414	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	9	13	theme	bivalirudin	1375:1385	arg1	groups					1399:1404	the bivalirudin and heparin groups	1371:1404	groups	1399:1404	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	11	14	theme	early	1640:1644	arg1	safety					1646:1651	The early safety	1636:1651	The early safety at 30 days	1636:1662	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	11	14	theme	early	1640:1644	arg1	%					1672:1672	85.3%	1668:1672	85.3%	1668:1672	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	7	15	dep	bleeding	977:984	arg1	=					1017:1017	=	1017:1017	=	1017:1017	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	2	16	from	METHODS	273:279	arg1	analysis					303:310	this retrospective analysis	284:310	this retrospective analysis	284:310	METHODS In this retrospective analysis, 461 patients underwent TAVI between 2007 and 2012; 339 patients received bivalirudin, and 122 patients received UFH.
26211708	9	17	theme	heparin	1391:1397	arg1	P					1407:1407	P = 0.57	1407:1414	P = 0.57	1407:1414	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	9	17	theme	heparin	1391:1397	arg1	groups					1399:1404	the bivalirudin and heparin groups	1371:1404	groups	1399:1404	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	12	18	theme	weight-adjusted	1833:1847	arg1	UFH					1849:1851	weight-adjusted UFH	1833:1851	weight-adjusted UFH	1833:1851	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	10	19	theme	UFH-treated	1603:1613	arg1	patients					1615:1622	the UFH-treated patients	1599:1622	the UFH-treated patients	1599:1622	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	11	20	theme	=	1755:1755	arg1	0.65					1757:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	11	20	theme	=	1755:1755	arg1	group					1746:1750	the UFH-treated group	1730:1750	the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65)	1730:1761	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	2	21	dep	METHODS	273:279	arg1	received					377:384	received	377:384	received bivalirudin	377:396	METHODS In this retrospective analysis, 461 patients underwent TAVI between 2007 and 2012; 339 patients received bivalirudin, and 122 patients received UFH.
26211708	2	21	dep	METHODS	273:279	arg1	received					416:423	received	416:423	received UFH	416:427	METHODS In this retrospective analysis, 461 patients underwent TAVI between 2007 and 2012; 339 patients received bivalirudin, and 122 patients received UFH.
26211708	0	22	theme	Aortic	61:66	arg1	Implantation					74:85	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	47:85	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	47:85	Bivalirudin vs Heparin in Patients Who Undergo Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.
26211708	9	23	theme	=	1409:1409	arg1	P					1407:1407	P = 0.57	1407:1414	P = 0.57	1407:1414	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	9	23	theme	=	1409:1409	arg1	groups					1399:1404	the bivalirudin and heparin groups	1371:1404	groups	1399:1404	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	8	24	theme	cardiovascular	1218:1231	arg1	mortality					1233:1241	cardiovascular mortality	1218:1241	cardiovascular mortality	1218:1241	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	1	25	dep	BACKGROUND	88:97	arg1	aimed					102:106	aimed	102:106	aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)	102:270	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	5	26	theme	bleeding	682:689	arg1	incidence					665:673	the incidence	661:673	the incidence of any bleeding	661:689	The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of any bleeding.
26211708	5	26	theme	bleeding	682:689	arg1	outcome					637:643	The primary outcome	625:643	The primary outcome of interest	625:655	The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of any bleeding.
26211708	1	27	theme	thrombin	153:160	arg1	bivalirudin					172:182	the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin	142:182	the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin	142:182	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	0	28	from	Bivalirudin	0:10	arg1	Patients					26:33	Patients	26:33	Patients Who Undergo Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	26:85	Bivalirudin vs Heparin in Patients Who Undergo Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.
26211708	7	29	dep	=	1017:1017	arg1	%					990:990	8.3%	987:990	8.3%	987:990	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	7	29	dep	=	1017:1017	arg1	%					998:998	8.2%	995:998	8.2%	995:998	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	8	30	theme	all-cause	1117:1125	arg1	mortality					1127:1135	all-cause mortality	1117:1135	all-cause mortality	1117:1135	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	5	31	theme	interest	648:655	arg1	incidence					665:673	the incidence	661:673	the incidence of any bleeding	661:689	The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of any bleeding.
26211708	5	31	theme	interest	648:655	arg1	outcome					637:643	The primary outcome	625:643	The primary outcome of interest	625:655	The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of any bleeding.
26211708	10	32	from	%	1557:1557	arg1	bivalirudin-treated					1566:1584	bivalirudin-treated	1566:1584	bivalirudin-treated	1566:1584	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	32	from	%	1557:1557	arg1	patients					1615:1622	the UFH-treated patients	1599:1622	the UFH-treated patients	1599:1622	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	9	33	theme	cardiovascular	1421:1434	arg1	mortality					1436:1444	cardiovascular mortality	1421:1444	cardiovascular mortality	1421:1444	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	1	34	with	efficacy	130:137	arg1	UFH					213:215	UFH	213:215	UFH	213:215	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	34	with	efficacy	130:137	arg1	heparin					204:210	unfractionated heparin	189:210	unfractionated heparin (UFH)	189:216	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	12	35	theme	safety	1794:1799	arg1	profile					1814:1820	a safety and efficacy profile	1792:1820	a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH	1792:1851	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	1	36	with	safety	119:124	arg1	UFH					213:215	UFH	213:215	UFH	213:215	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	36	with	safety	119:124	arg1	heparin					204:210	unfractionated heparin	189:210	unfractionated heparin (UFH)	189:216	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	7	37	theme	significant	836:846	arg1	difference					848:857	No significant difference	833:857	No significant difference between the groups	833:876	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	7	38	dep	bleeding	912:919	arg1	=					962:962	=	962:962	=	962:962	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	10	39	from	%	1594:1594	arg1	bivalirudin-treated					1566:1584	bivalirudin-treated	1566:1584	bivalirudin-treated	1566:1584	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	39	from	%	1594:1594	arg1	patients					1615:1622	the UFH-treated patients	1599:1622	the UFH-treated patients	1599:1622	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	11	40	theme	UFH-treated	1734:1744	arg1	0.65					1757:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	11	40	theme	UFH-treated	1734:1744	arg1	group					1746:1750	the UFH-treated group	1730:1750	the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65)	1730:1761	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	3	41	theme	XT	467:468	arg1	valve					470:474	the Sapien XT valve	456:474	the Sapien XT valve	456:474	In the bivalirudin group, the Sapien XT valve was implanted in 159 (46.9%) patients, and 180 (53.1%) received a Medtronic CoreValve.
26211708	8	42	from	%	1250:1250	arg1	group					1271:1275	the bivalirudin group	1255:1275	the bivalirudin group	1255:1275	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	42	from	%	1250:1250	arg1	P					1308:1308	P = 0.77	1308:1315	P = 0.77	1308:1315	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	42	from	%	1250:1250	arg1	group					1301:1305	the heparin group	1289:1305	the heparin group (P = 0.77)	1289:1316	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	9	43	theme	=	1466:1466	arg1	%					1461:1461	2.5%	1458:1461	2.5% (P = 0.33)	1458:1472	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	9	43	theme	=	1466:1466	arg1	P					1464:1464	P = 0.33	1464:1471	P = 0.33	1464:1471	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	8	44	theme	heparin	1293:1299	arg1	P					1308:1308	P = 0.77	1308:1315	P = 0.77	1308:1315	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	44	theme	heparin	1293:1299	arg1	group					1301:1305	the heparin group	1289:1305	the heparin group (P = 0.77)	1289:1316	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	6	45	theme	cardiovascular	752:765	arg1	mortality					767:775	cardiovascular mortality	752:775	cardiovascular mortality	752:775	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	10	46	theme	Device	1475:1480	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	46	theme	Device	1475:1480	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	8	47	theme	UFH	1188:1190	arg1	P					1199:1199	P = 0.88	1199:1206	P = 0.88	1199:1206	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	47	theme	UFH	1188:1190	arg1	group					1192:1196	the UFH group	1184:1196	the UFH group (P = 0.88)	1184:1207	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	1	48	theme	aortic	239:244	arg1	TAVI					266:269	TAVI	266:269	TAVI	266:269	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	48	theme	aortic	239:244	arg1	implantation					252:263	transcatheter aortic valve implantation	225:263	transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)	225:270	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	8	49	theme	=	1310:1310	arg1	P					1308:1308	P = 0.77	1308:1315	P = 0.77	1308:1315	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	49	theme	=	1310:1310	arg1	group					1301:1305	the heparin group	1289:1305	the heparin group (P = 0.77)	1289:1316	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	7	50	dep	=	962:962	arg1	%					949:949	3.3%	946:949	3.3% for UFH	946:957	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	7	50	dep	=	962:962	arg1	%					925:925	2.4%	922:925	2.4% for bivalirudin	922:941	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	10	51	theme	Consortium	1515:1524	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	51	theme	Consortium	1515:1524	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	8	52	from	%	1284:1284	arg1	group					1271:1275	the bivalirudin group	1255:1275	the bivalirudin group	1255:1275	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	52	from	%	1284:1284	arg1	P					1308:1308	P = 0.77	1308:1315	P = 0.77	1308:1315	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	52	from	%	1284:1284	arg1	group					1301:1305	the heparin group	1289:1305	the heparin group (P = 0.77)	1289:1316	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	10	53	theme	composite	1528:1536	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	53	theme	composite	1528:1536	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	12	54	theme	efficacy	1805:1812	arg1	profile					1814:1820	a safety and efficacy profile	1792:1820	a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH	1792:1851	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	10	55	theme	Academic	1497:1504	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	55	theme	Academic	1497:1504	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	6	56	theme	all-cause	728:736	arg1	mortality					738:746	all-cause mortality	728:746	all-cause mortality	728:746	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	6	57	theme	interest	714:721	arg1	outcomes					702:709	Secondary outcomes	692:709	Secondary outcomes of interest	692:721	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	1	58	theme	inhibitor	162:170	arg1	bivalirudin					172:182	the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin	142:182	the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin	142:182	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	12	59	contain	has	1788:1790	arg2	profile					1814:1820	a safety and efficacy profile	1792:1820	a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH	1792:1851	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	12	59	contain	has	1788:1790	arg1	Bivalirudin					1776:1786	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin	1764:1786	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin	1764:1786	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	6	60	from	hours	783:787	arg1	mortality					767:775	cardiovascular mortality	752:775	cardiovascular mortality	752:775	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	6	60	from	hours	783:787	arg1	mortality					738:746	all-cause mortality	728:746	all-cause mortality	728:746	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	11	61	from	%	1725:1725	arg1	0.65					1757:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	11	61	from	%	1725:1725	arg1	group					1746:1750	the UFH-treated group	1730:1750	the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65)	1730:1761	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	9	62	from	%	1358:1358	arg1	P					1407:1407	P = 0.57	1407:1414	P = 0.57	1407:1414	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	9	62	from	%	1358:1358	arg1	groups					1399:1404	the bivalirudin and heparin groups	1371:1404	groups	1399:1404	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	5	63	theme	primary	629:635	arg1	incidence					665:673	the incidence	661:673	the incidence of any bleeding	661:689	The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of any bleeding.
26211708	5	63	theme	primary	629:635	arg1	outcome					637:643	The primary outcome	625:643	The primary outcome of interest	625:655	The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of any bleeding.
26211708	8	64	from	%	1178:1178	arg1	group					1165:1169	the bivalirudin group	1149:1169	the bivalirudin group	1149:1169	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	65	theme	=	1201:1201	arg1	P					1199:1199	P = 0.88	1199:1206	P = 0.88	1199:1206	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	65	theme	=	1201:1201	arg1	group					1192:1196	the UFH group	1184:1196	the UFH group (P = 0.88)	1184:1207	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	12	66	theme	similar	1822:1828	arg1	profile					1814:1820	a safety and efficacy profile	1792:1820	a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH	1792:1851	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	9	67	from	days	1325:1328	arg1	%					1358:1358	5.3%	1355:1358	5.3%	1355:1358	At 30 days, all-cause mortality was 5.3% vs 4.1% in the bivalirudin and heparin groups (P = 0.57) and cardiovascular mortality was 4.4% vs 2.5% (P = 0.33).
26211708	11	68	from	%	1672:1672	arg1	group					1701:1705	the bivalirudin-treated group	1677:1705	the bivalirudin-treated group	1677:1705	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	3	69	theme	Medtronic	542:550	arg1	CoreValve					552:560	a Medtronic CoreValve	540:560	a Medtronic CoreValve	540:560	In the bivalirudin group, the Sapien XT valve was implanted in 159 (46.9%) patients, and 180 (53.1%) received a Medtronic CoreValve.
26211708	0	70	theme	Valve	68:72	arg1	Implantation					74:85	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	47:85	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	47:85	Bivalirudin vs Heparin in Patients Who Undergo Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.
26211708	4	71	theme	Medtronic	590:598	arg1	CoreValve					600:608	only the Medtronic CoreValve	581:608	only the Medtronic CoreValve	581:608	In the UFH group, only the Medtronic CoreValve was implanted.
26211708	1	72	theme	direct	146:151	arg1	bivalirudin					172:182	the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin	142:182	the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin	142:182	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	11	73	theme	P	1753:1753	arg1	0.65					1757:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	P = 0.65	1753:1760	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	11	73	theme	P	1753:1753	arg1	group					1746:1750	the UFH-treated group	1730:1750	the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65)	1730:1761	The early safety at 30 days was 85.3% in the bivalirudin-treated group compared with 83.6% in the UFH-treated group (P = 0.65).
26211708	7	74	dep	=	1075:1075	arg1	%					1048:1048	8.3%	1045:1048	8.3%	1045:1048	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	7	74	dep	=	1075:1075	arg1	%					1056:1056	7.4%	1053:1056	7.4%	1053:1056	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	8	75	theme	bivalirudin	1259:1269	arg1	group					1271:1275	the bivalirudin group	1255:1275	the bivalirudin group	1255:1275	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	12	76	theme	CONCLUSIONS	1764:1774	arg1	Bivalirudin					1776:1786	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin	1764:1786	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin	1764:1786	CONCLUSIONS Bivalirudin has a safety and efficacy profile similar to weight-adjusted UFH during the TAVI procedure.
26211708	8	77	from	hours	1090:1094	arg1	%					1144:1144	3.0%	1141:1144	3.0% in the bivalirudin group	1141:1169	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	77	from	hours	1090:1094	arg1	%					1178:1178	3.3%	1175:1178	3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88)	1175:1207	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	8	78	theme	bivalirudin	1153:1163	arg1	group					1165:1169	the bivalirudin group	1149:1169	the bivalirudin group	1149:1169	At 72 hours after the procedure, all-cause mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 3.3% for the UFH group (P = 0.88), whereas cardiovascular mortality was 3.0% in the bivalirudin group and 2.5% in the heparin group (P = 0.77).
26211708	3	79	theme	bivalirudin	437:447	arg1	group					449:453	the bivalirudin group	433:453	the bivalirudin group	433:453	In the bivalirudin group, the Sapien XT valve was implanted in 159 (46.9%) patients, and 180 (53.1%) received a Medtronic CoreValve.
26211708	0	80	theme	Transcatheter	47:59	arg1	Implantation					74:85	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	47:85	Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation	47:85	Bivalirudin vs Heparin in Patients Who Undergo Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.
26211708	10	81	theme	Valve	1491:1495	arg1	success					1482:1488	Device success	1475:1488	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point)	1475:1547	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	10	81	theme	Valve	1491:1495	arg1	point					1542:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point	1491:1546	Device success (Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 composite end point) was 94.0% in the bivalirudin-treated and 92.6% in the UFH-treated patients (P = 0.60).
26211708	7	82	dep	bleeding	1035:1042	arg1	=					1075:1075	=	1075:1075	=	1075:1075	RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was observed for life-threatening bleeding (2.4% for bivalirudin vs 3.3% for UFH; P = 0.59), major bleeding (8.3% vs 8.2%, respectively; P = 0.98) and minor bleeding (8.3% vs 7.4%, respectively; P = 0.76).
26211708	3	83	theme	Sapien	460:465	arg1	valve					470:474	the Sapien XT valve	456:474	the Sapien XT valve	456:474	In the bivalirudin group, the Sapien XT valve was implanted in 159 (46.9%) patients, and 180 (53.1%) received a Medtronic CoreValve.
26211708	1	84	theme	transcatheter	225:237	arg1	TAVI					266:269	TAVI	266:269	TAVI	266:269	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	84	theme	transcatheter	225:237	arg1	implantation					252:263	transcatheter aortic valve implantation	225:263	transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)	225:270	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	6	85	from	days	819:822	arg1	mortality					767:775	cardiovascular mortality	752:775	cardiovascular mortality	752:775	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	6	85	from	days	819:822	arg1	mortality					738:746	all-cause mortality	728:746	all-cause mortality	728:746	Secondary outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality at 72 hours after the procedure and at 30 days.
26211708	1	86	theme	valve	246:250	arg1	TAVI					266:269	TAVI	266:269	TAVI	266:269	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
26211708	1	86	theme	valve	246:250	arg1	implantation					252:263	transcatheter aortic valve implantation	225:263	transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)	225:270	BACKGROUND We aimed to compare safety and efficacy of the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin with unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
28188181	7	0	theme	infrared	809:816	arg1	spectroscopy					830:841	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy	804:841	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy	804:841	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	10	1	theme	kernel	1450:1455	arg1	traits					1469:1474	kernel composition traits	1450:1474	kernel composition traits than maize	1450:1485	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	6	2	theme	reference	660:668	arg1	background					685:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	1	3	dep	Teosinte	77:84	arg1	mays					91:94	Zea mays	87:94	Zea mays	87:94	Teosinte (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	7	4	theme	dry	981:983	arg1	basis					992:996	a dry matter basis	979:996	a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs	979:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	5	5	theme	domestication	522:534	arg1	traits					536:541	domestication traits	522:541	domestication traits	522:541	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
28188181	9	6	theme	B73	1360:1362	arg1	allele					1364:1369	the B73 allele	1356:1369	the B73 allele	1356:1369	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	5	7	theme	isogenic	370:377	arg1	NILs					386:389	NILs	386:389	NILs	386:389	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
28188181	5	7	theme	isogenic	370:377	arg1	lines					379:383	isogenic lines	370:383	isogenic lines (NILs)	370:390	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
28188181	9	8	theme	strong	1252:1257	arg1	effects					1276:1282	strong additive allelic effects	1252:1282	strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content	1252:1326	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	8	9	theme	quantitative	1055:1066	arg1	analysis					1094:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	7	10	theme	bulk	1001:1004	arg1	grains					1012:1017	bulk whole grains	1001:1017	bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs	1001:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	10	11	from	improvement	1531:1541	arg1	germplasm					1588:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	9	12	theme	additive	1259:1266	arg1	effects					1276:1282	strong additive allelic effects	1252:1282	strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content	1252:1326	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	8	13	theme	joint-linkage	1041:1053	arg1	analysis					1094:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	7	14	theme	whole	1006:1010	arg1	grains					1012:1017	bulk whole grains	1001:1017	bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs	1001:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	7	15	theme	resonance	864:872	arg1	calibrations					874:885	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations	804:885	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations	804:885	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	10	16	theme	kernel	1546:1551	arg1	traits					1565:1570	kernel composition traits	1546:1570	kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm	1546:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	9	17	theme	allelic	1268:1274	arg1	effects					1276:1282	strong additive allelic effects	1252:1282	strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content	1252:1326	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	2	18	dep	maize	145:149	arg1	mays					156:159	Zea mays ssp	152:163	Zea mays ssp	152:163	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	8	19	theme	locus	1074:1078	arg1	analysis					1094:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	2	20	theme	wild	121:124	arg1	parviglumis					101:111	parviglumis)	101:112	parviglumis)	101:112	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	2	20	theme	wild	121:124	arg1	ancestor					126:133	the wild ancestor	117:133	the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp	117:163	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	7	21	from	replications	724:735	arg1	2010					749:752	2010	749:752	2010	749:752	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	7	21	from	replications	724:735	arg1	2009					740:743	2009	740:743	2009	740:743	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	1	22	dep	ssp	96:98	arg1	Teosinte					77:84	Teosinte	77:84	Teosinte (Zea mays	77:94	Teosinte (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	6	23	theme	B73	655:657	arg1	background					685:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	9	24	theme	effects	1276:1282	arg1	range					1243:1247	A range	1241:1247	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content	1241:1326	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	7	25	theme	NILs	1031:1034	arg1	grains					1012:1017	bulk whole grains	1001:1017	bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs	1001:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	7	26	theme	nuclear	847:853	arg1	resonance					864:872	nuclear magnetic resonance	847:872	nuclear magnetic resonance	847:872	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	10	27	theme	stronger	1429:1436	arg1	alleles					1438:1444	stronger alleles	1429:1444	stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize	1429:1485	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	8	28	theme	QTL	1081:1083	arg1	analysis					1094:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	4	29	contain	contains	182:189	arg2	diversity					207:215	greater genetic diversity	191:215	greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces	191:257	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	4	29	contain	contains	182:189	arg1	Teosinte					173:180	Teosinte	173:180	Teosinte	173:180	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	7	30	theme	magnetic	855:862	arg1	resonance					864:872	nuclear magnetic resonance	847:872	nuclear magnetic resonance	847:872	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	8	31	theme	total	1210:1214	arg1	variation					1216:1224	the total variation	1206:1224	the total variation	1206:1224	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	5	32	theme	genetic	446:452	arg1	diversity					454:462	genetic diversity	446:462	genetic diversity of maize	446:471	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
28188181	9	33	theme	kernel	1288:1293	arg1	starch					1295:1300	kernel starch	1288:1300	kernel starch	1288:1300	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	0	34	theme	Genetic	0:6	arg1	Analysis					8:15	Genetic Analysis	0:15	Genetic Analysis of Teosinte Alleles for Kernel Composition	0:58	Genetic Analysis of Teosinte Alleles for Kernel Composition Traits in Maize.
28188181	7	35	theme	matter	985:990	arg1	basis					992:996	a dry matter basis	979:996	a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs	979:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	7	36	theme	spectroscopy	830:841	arg1	calibrations					874:885	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations	804:885	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations	804:885	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	8	37	theme	protein	1132:1138	arg1	QTL					1153:1155	two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL	1114:1155	two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL	1114:1155	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	0	38	theme	Teosinte	20:27	arg1	Alleles					29:35	Teosinte Alleles	20:35	Teosinte Alleles	20:35	Genetic Analysis of Teosinte Alleles for Kernel Composition Traits in Maize.
28188181	10	39	from	traits	1565:1570	arg1	germplasm					1588:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	1	40	theme	Zea	87:89	arg1	mays					91:94	Zea mays	87:94	Zea mays	87:94	Teosinte (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	6	41	theme	parviglumis	623:633	arg1	accessions					635:644	10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions	597:644	10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions	597:644	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	7	42	from	basis	992:996	arg1	grains					1012:1017	bulk whole grains	1001:1017	bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs	1001:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	10	43	theme	modern	1575:1580	arg1	germplasm					1588:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	7	44	theme	total	930:934	arg1	protein					951:957	total kernel starch, protein, and oil content	930:974	protein	951:957	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	8	45	theme	variation	1216:1224	arg1	%					1201:1201	18, 23, and 45%	1187:1201	18, 23, and 45% of the total variation	1187:1224	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	8	45	theme	variation	1216:1224	arg1	variation					1216:1224	the total variation	1206:1224	the total variation	1206:1224	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	6	46	theme	diverse	615:621	arg1	accessions					635:644	10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions	597:644	10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions	597:644	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	7	47	theme	reflectance	818:828	arg1	spectroscopy					830:841	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy	804:841	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy	804:841	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	7	48	theme	oil	964:966	arg1	content					968:974	total kernel starch, protein, and oil content	930:974	content	968:974	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	2	49	theme	maize	145:149	arg1	parviglumis					101:111	parviglumis)	101:112	parviglumis)	101:112	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	2	49	theme	maize	145:149	arg1	ancestor					126:133	the wild ancestor	117:133	the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp	117:163	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	6	50	theme	teosinte	552:559	arg1	NILs					561:564	The 961 teosinte NILs	544:564	The 961 teosinte NILs	544:564	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	4	51	theme	maize	231:235	arg1	inbreds					237:243	maize inbreds	231:243	maize inbreds	231:243	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	0	52	theme	Alleles	29:35	arg1	Analysis					8:15	Genetic Analysis	0:15	Genetic Analysis of Teosinte Alleles for Kernel Composition	0:58	Genetic Analysis of Teosinte Alleles for Kernel Composition Traits in Maize.
28188181	7	53	theme	near	804:807	arg1	spectroscopy					830:841	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy	804:841	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy	804:841	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	2	54	theme	modern	138:143	arg1	maize					145:149	modern maize	138:149	modern maize (Zea mays ssp	138:163	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	8	55	theme	mapping	1086:1092	arg1	analysis					1094:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	4	56	theme	insufficient	286:297	arg1	resources					307:315	insufficient genetic resources	286:315	insufficient genetic resources	286:315	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	8	57	theme	trait	1068:1072	arg1	analysis					1094:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis	1037:1101	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	7	58	theme	teosinte	1022:1029	arg1	NILs					1031:1034	teosinte NILs	1022:1034	teosinte NILs	1022:1034	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	7	59	theme	starch	943:948	arg1	protein					951:957	total kernel starch, protein, and oil content	930:974	protein	951:957	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	9	60	theme	oil	1316:1318	arg1	content					1320:1326	oil content	1316:1326	oil content	1316:1326	A range of strong additive allelic effects for kernel starch, protein, and oil content were identified relative to the B73 allele.
28188181	0	61	theme	Kernel	41:46	arg1	Composition					48:58	Kernel Composition	41:58	Kernel Composition	41:58	Genetic Analysis of Teosinte Alleles for Kernel Composition Traits in Maize.
28188181	7	62	used	used	906:909	arg2	calibrations					874:885	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations	804:885	near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations	804:885	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	4	63	theme	greater	191:197	arg1	diversity					207:215	greater genetic diversity	191:215	greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces	191:257	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	10	64	theme	maize	1582:1586	arg1	germplasm					1588:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	modern maize germplasm	1575:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	4	65	theme	genetic	299:305	arg1	resources					307:315	insufficient genetic resources	286:315	insufficient genetic resources	286:315	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	6	66	theme	genome	670:675	arg1	background					685:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	2	67	dep	mays	156:159	arg1	ssp					161:163	ssp	161:163	Zea mays ssp	152:163	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	5	68	theme	novel	490:494	arg1	alleles					496:502	novel alleles	490:502	novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits	490:541	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
28188181	7	69	theme	kernel	936:941	arg1	protein					951:957	total kernel starch, protein, and oil content	930:974	protein	951:957	The NILs were grown in two replications in 2009 and 2010 in Columbia, MO and Aurora, NY, respectively, and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance calibrations were developed and used to rapidly predict total kernel starch, protein, and oil content on a dry matter basis in bulk whole grains of teosinte NILs.
28188181	10	70	from	germplasm	1588:1596	arg1	improvement					1531:1541	the improvement	1527:1541	the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm	1527:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	10	71	theme	composition	1457:1467	arg1	traits					1469:1474	kernel composition traits	1450:1474	kernel composition traits than maize	1450:1485	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	2	72	theme	Zea	152:154	arg1	mays					156:159	Zea mays ssp	152:163	Zea mays ssp	152:163	parviglumis) is the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays ssp.
28188181	8	73	theme	oil	1149:1151	arg1	QTL					1153:1155	two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL	1114:1155	two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL	1114:1155	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	6	74	theme	inbred	677:682	arg1	background					685:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	the B73 (reference genome inbred) background	651:694	The 961 teosinte NILs were developed by backcrossing 10 geographically diverse parviglumis accessions into the B73 (reference genome inbred) background.
28188181	10	75	theme	traits	1565:1570	arg1	improvement					1531:1541	the improvement	1527:1541	the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm	1527:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	4	76	theme	genetic	199:205	arg1	diversity					207:215	greater genetic diversity	191:215	greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces	191:257	Teosinte contains greater genetic diversity compared with maize inbreds and landraces, but its use is limited by insufficient genetic resources to evaluate its value.
28188181	8	77	theme	starch	1118:1123	arg1	QTL					1153:1155	two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL	1114:1155	two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL	1114:1155	Our joint-linkage quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analysis identified two starch, three protein, and six oil QTL, which collectively explained 18, 23, and 45% of the total variation, respectively.
28188181	5	78	theme	maize	467:471	arg1	diversity					454:462	genetic diversity	446:462	genetic diversity of maize	446:471	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
28188181	10	79	theme	composition	1553:1563	arg1	traits					1565:1570	kernel composition traits	1546:1570	kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm	1546:1596	Our results support our hypothesis that teosinte harbors stronger alleles for kernel composition traits than maize, and that teosinte can be exploited for the improvement of kernel composition traits in modern maize germplasm.
28188181	5	80	theme	teosinte	356:363	arg1	population					342:351	A population	340:351	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs)	340:390	A population of teosinte near isogenic lines (NILs) was previously developed to broaden the resources for genetic diversity of maize, and to discover novel alleles for agronomic and domestication traits.
24484315	7	0	theme	DEJ	1061:1063	arg1	composition					1042:1052	protein composition	1034:1052	protein composition of the DEJ	1034:1063	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	5	1	theme	DEJ	714:716	arg1	matrix					743:748	the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix	710:748	the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix	710:748	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	8	2	from	fibulin-5	1344:1352	arg1	abundant					1300:1307	abundant	1300:1307	abundant	1300:1307	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	7	3	from	poor	1082:1085	arg1	skin					1117:1120	Asian skin	1111:1120	African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively)	1090:1159	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	5	4	theme	dermal	722:727	arg1	matrix					743:748	the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix	710:748	the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix	710:748	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	6	5	theme	deeper	925:930	arg1	ridges					937:942	deeper rete ridges	925:942	deeper rete ridges	925:942	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	5	6	dep	METHODS	603:609	arg1	used					647:650	used	647:650	were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	642:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	4	7	from	morphology	510:519	arg1	skin					547:550	skin	547:550	skin	547:550	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	1	8	theme	human	178:182	arg1	skin					184:187	human skin	178:187	human skin	178:187	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	5	9	dep	n = 7	834:838	arg1	18-30 years					855:865	age 18-30 years	851:865	age 18-30 years	851:865	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	7	10	dep	skin	1117:1120	arg1	P < 0·01					1137:1144	P < 0·01	1137:1144	P < 0·01	1137:1144	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	7	10	dep	skin	1117:1120	arg1	P < 0·001					1123:1131	P < 0·001	1123:1131	P < 0·001	1123:1131	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	11	11	theme	differences	1842:1852	arg1	significance					1794:1805	functional significance	1783:1805	functional significance	1783:1805	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences is warranted.
24484315	11	11	theme	differences	1842:1852	arg1	consequences					1820:1831	clinical consequences	1811:1831	clinical consequences	1811:1831	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences is warranted.
24484315	11	12	dep	significance	1794:1805	arg1	the					1779:1781	the	1779:1781	the	1779:1781	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences is warranted.
24484315	9	13	theme	diverse	1556:1562	arg1	ancestry					1577:1584	diverse geographical ancestry	1556:1584	diverse geographical ancestry	1556:1584	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in skin structure and composition in individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	2	14	theme	geographical	295:306	arg1	ancestry					308:315	diverse geographical ancestry	287:315	diverse geographical ancestry	287:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	10	15	theme	ancestral	1636:1644	arg1	populations					1652:1662	ancestral human populations	1636:1662	ancestral human populations living at different latitudes	1636:1692	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	5	16	theme	African	784:790	arg1	n = 7					834:838	n = 7	834:838	n = 7 per group	834:848	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	16	theme	African	784:790	arg1	individuals					821:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals	778:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	778:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	7	17	theme	protein	1034:1040	arg1	composition					1042:1052	protein composition	1034:1052	protein composition of the DEJ	1034:1063	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	1	18	theme	dermatological	213:226	arg1	disease					228:234	dermatological disease	213:234	dermatological disease	213:234	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	6	19	dep	RESULTS	869:875	arg1	epidermis					881:889	The epidermis	877:889	The epidermis of African skin	877:905	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	6	19	dep	RESULTS	869:875	arg1	thicker					911:917	thicker	911:917	thicker	911:917	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	5	20	theme	matrix	743:748	arg1	composition					695:705	protein composition	687:705	protein composition	687:705	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	20	theme	matrix	743:748	arg1	morphology					672:681	epidermal morphology	662:681	epidermal morphology	662:681	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	21	from	individuals	821:831	arg1	composition					695:705	protein composition	687:705	protein composition	687:705	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	21	from	individuals	821:831	arg1	skin					768:771	photoprotected skin	753:771	photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	753:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	21	from	individuals	821:831	arg1	morphology					672:681	epidermal morphology	662:681	epidermal morphology	662:681	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	7	22	theme	Asian	1111:1115	arg1	skin					1117:1120	Asian skin	1111:1120	African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively)	1090:1159	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	2	23	from	individuals	272:282	arg1	studies					251:257	studies	251:257	studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	251:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	2	23	from	individuals	272:282	arg1	skin					262:265	skin	262:265	skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	262:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	6	24	theme	convoluted	955:964	arg1	DEJ					966:968	a more convoluted DEJ	948:968	a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin	948:1006	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	1	25	theme	Geographical	102:113	arg1	ancestry					115:122	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry	91:122	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry	91:122	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	5	26	theme	photoprotected	753:766	arg1	skin					768:771	photoprotected skin	753:771	photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	753:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	1	27	theme	key	132:134	arg1	role					136:139	a key role	130:139	a key role	130:139	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	8	28	theme	African	1281:1287	arg1	dermis					1289:1294	African dermis	1281:1294	African dermis	1281:1294	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	5	29	theme	Asian	815:819	arg1	n = 7					834:838	n = 7	834:838	n = 7 per group	834:848	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	29	theme	Asian	815:819	arg1	individuals					821:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals	778:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	778:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	30	from	morphology	672:681	arg1	n = 7					834:838	n = 7	834:838	n = 7 per group	834:848	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	30	from	morphology	672:681	arg1	individuals					821:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals	778:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	778:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	30	from	morphology	672:681	arg1	skin					768:771	photoprotected skin	753:771	photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	753:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	4	31	theme	dermal	525:530	arg1	composition					532:542	dermal composition	525:542	dermal composition	525:542	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	11	32	theme	clinical	1811:1818	arg1	consequences					1820:1831	clinical consequences	1811:1831	clinical consequences	1811:1831	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences is warranted.
24484315	0	33	theme	dermal	71:76	arg1	composition					78:88	dermal composition	71:88	dermal composition	71:88	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	5	34	theme	Eurasian	793:800	arg1	n = 7					834:838	n = 7	834:838	n = 7 per group	834:848	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	34	theme	Eurasian	793:800	arg1	individuals					821:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals	778:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	778:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	35	theme	epidermal	662:670	arg1	morphology					672:681	epidermal morphology	662:681	epidermal morphology	662:681	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	36	used	used	647:650	arg2	techniques					631:640	Immunohistochemical techniques	611:640	Immunohistochemical techniques	611:640	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	3	37	theme	Few	360:362	arg1	reports					364:370	Few reports	360:370	Few reports	360:370	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	10	38	theme	different	1674:1682	arg1	latitudes					1684:1692	different latitudes	1674:1692	different latitudes	1674:1692	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	7	39	theme	African	1176:1182	arg1	skin					1184:1187	African skin	1176:1187	African skin	1176:1187	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	5	40	theme	Immunohistochemical	611:629	arg1	techniques					631:640	Immunohistochemical techniques	611:640	Immunohistochemical techniques	611:640	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	3	41	theme	dermal-epidermal	440:455	arg1	DEJ					467:469	DEJ	467:469	DEJ	467:469	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	3	41	theme	dermal-epidermal	440:455	arg1	junction					457:464	dermal-epidermal junction	440:464	dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ)	440:470	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	0	42	theme	Geographical	0:11	arg1	determinant					31:41	a key determinant	25:41	a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition	25:88	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	0	42	theme	Geographical	0:11	arg1	ancestry					13:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	5	43	from	composition	695:705	arg1	n = 7					834:838	n = 7	834:838	n = 7 per group	834:848	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	43	from	composition	695:705	arg1	individuals					821:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals	778:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	778:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	43	from	composition	695:705	arg1	skin					768:771	photoprotected skin	753:771	photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	753:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	1	44	theme	BACKGROUND	91:100	arg1	ancestry					115:122	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry	91:122	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry	91:122	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	2	45	from	studies	251:257	arg1	individuals					272:282	individuals	272:282	individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	272:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	3	46	theme	gross	389:393	arg1	morphology					395:404	morphology	395:404	morphology	395:404	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	4	47	theme	geographical	580:591	arg1	ancestry					593:600	diverse geographical ancestry	572:600	diverse geographical ancestry	572:600	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	10	48	theme	driven	1703:1708	arg1	adaptations					1710:1720	driven adaptations	1703:1720	driven adaptations	1703:1720	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	9	49	theme	ancestry	1577:1584	arg1	individuals					1541:1551	individuals	1541:1551	individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	1541:1584	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in skin structure and composition in individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	3	50	theme	dermis	429:434	arg1	DEJ					467:469	DEJ	467:469	DEJ	467:469	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	3	50	theme	dermis	429:434	arg1	composition					410:420	composition	410:420	composition	410:420	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	3	50	theme	dermis	429:434	arg1	morphology					395:404	morphology	395:404	morphology	395:404	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	3	50	theme	dermis	429:434	arg1	junction					457:464	dermal-epidermal junction	440:464	dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ)	440:470	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	0	51	theme	key	27:29	arg1	determinant					31:41	a key determinant	25:41	a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition	25:88	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	0	51	theme	key	27:29	arg1	ancestry					13:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	6	52	theme	skin	902:905	arg1	epidermis					881:889	The epidermis	877:889	The epidermis of African skin	877:905	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	6	52	theme	skin	902:905	arg1	thicker					911:917	thicker	911:917	thicker	911:917	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	7	53	from	skin	1117:1120	arg1	poor					1082:1085	poor	1082:1085	poor	1082:1085	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	0	54	theme	morphology	56:65	arg1	determinant					31:41	a key determinant	25:41	a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition	25:88	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	0	54	theme	morphology	56:65	arg1	ancestry					13:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	7	55	theme	East	1106:1109	arg1	skin					1117:1120	Asian skin	1111:1120	African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively)	1090:1159	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	11	56	theme	Further	1757:1763	arg1	research					1765:1772	Further research	1757:1772	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences	1757:1852	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences is warranted.
24484315	9	57	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1442:1452	arg1	demonstrate					1457:1467	demonstrate	1457:1467	demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in skin structure and composition in individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	1457:1584	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in skin structure and composition in individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	2	58	theme	epidermal	336:344	arg1	pigmentation					346:357	epidermal pigmentation	336:357	epidermal pigmentation	336:357	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	8	59	theme	Eurasian	1408:1415	arg1	skin					1436:1439	Eurasian and Far East Asian skin	1408:1439	Eurasian and Far East Asian skin	1408:1439	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	8	60	from	abundant	1300:1307	arg1	fibulin-5					1344:1352	fibulin-5	1344:1352	fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively)	1344:1392	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	8	60	from	abundant	1300:1307	arg1	microfibrils					1327:1338	fibrillin-rich microfibrils	1312:1338	fibrillin-rich microfibrils	1312:1338	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	0	61	theme	epidermal	46:54	arg1	morphology					56:65	epidermal morphology	46:65	epidermal morphology	46:65	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	10	62	contain	have	1698:1701	arg2	adaptations					1710:1720	driven adaptations	1703:1720	driven adaptations	1703:1720	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	10	62	contain	have	1698:1701	arg1	pressures					1611:1619	Disparate environmental pressures	1587:1619	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes	1587:1692	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	4	63	from	composition	532:542	arg1	skin					547:550	skin	547:550	skin	547:550	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	2	64	theme	diverse	287:293	arg1	ancestry					308:315	diverse geographical ancestry	287:315	diverse geographical ancestry	287:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	6	65	theme	rete	932:935	arg1	ridges					937:942	deeper rete ridges	925:942	deeper rete ridges	925:942	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	8	66	dep	fibulin-5	1344:1352	arg1	P < 0·001					1369:1377	P < 0·001	1369:1377	P < 0·001	1369:1377	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	8	66	dep	fibulin-5	1344:1352	arg1	P < 0·001					1355:1363	P < 0·001	1355:1363	P < 0·001	1355:1363	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	10	67	theme	environmental	1597:1609	arg1	pressures					1611:1619	Disparate environmental pressures	1587:1619	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes	1587:1692	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	7	68	theme	African	1090:1096	arg1	skin					1117:1120	Asian skin	1111:1120	African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively)	1090:1159	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	1	69	theme	skin	184:187	arg1	susceptibility					160:173	the susceptibility	156:173	the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease	156:234	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	6	70	theme	Asian	997:1001	arg1	skin					1003:1006	Asian skin	997:1006	Asian skin	997:1006	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	10	71	theme	Disparate	1587:1595	arg1	pressures					1611:1619	Disparate environmental pressures	1587:1619	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes	1587:1692	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	2	72	theme	ancestry	308:315	arg1	individuals					272:282	individuals	272:282	individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	272:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	1	73	theme	external	192:199	arg1	insults					201:207	external insults	192:207	external insults	192:207	BACKGROUND Geographical ancestry plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of human skin to external insults and dermatological disease.
24484315	10	74	theme	human	1646:1650	arg1	populations					1652:1662	ancestral human populations	1636:1662	ancestral human populations living at different latitudes	1636:1692	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	10	75	theme	skin	1725:1728	arg1	structure					1730:1738	skin structure	1725:1738	skin structure	1725:1738	Disparate environmental pressures encountered by ancestral human populations living at different latitudes may have driven adaptations in skin structure and composition.
24484315	5	76	theme	young	778:782	arg1	n = 7					834:838	n = 7	834:838	n = 7 per group	834:848	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	76	theme	young	778:782	arg1	individuals					821:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals	778:831	young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years)	778:866	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	8	77	theme	Asian	1430:1434	arg1	skin					1436:1439	Eurasian and Far East Asian skin	1408:1439	Eurasian and Far East Asian skin	1408:1439	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	5	78	theme	extracellular	729:741	arg1	matrix					743:748	the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix	710:748	the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix	710:748	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	2	79	theme	skin	262:265	arg1	studies					251:257	studies	251:257	studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	251:315	Despite this, studies of skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry focus primarily on epidermal pigmentation.
24484315	9	80	theme	fundamental	1474:1484	arg1	differences					1486:1496	fundamental differences	1474:1496	fundamental differences	1474:1496	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in skin structure and composition in individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	11	81	theme	functional	1783:1792	arg1	significance					1794:1805	functional significance	1783:1805	functional significance	1783:1805	Further research into the functional significance and clinical consequences of these differences is warranted.
24484315	7	82	theme	fibrillar	1205:1213	arg1	P < 0·05					1226:1233	P < 0·05	1226:1233	P < 0·05	1226:1233	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	7	82	theme	fibrillar	1205:1213	arg1	collagens					1215:1223	fibrillar collagens	1205:1223	fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05)	1205:1234	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	0	83	theme	composition	78:88	arg1	determinant					31:41	a key determinant	25:41	a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition	25:88	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	0	83	theme	composition	78:88	arg1	ancestry					13:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry	0:20	Geographical ancestry is a key determinant of epidermal morphology and dermal composition.
24484315	3	84	dep	morphology	395:404	arg1	the					385:387	the	385:387	the	385:387	Few reports characterize the gross morphology and composition of the dermis and dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ).
24484315	7	85	theme	skin	1184:1187	arg1	P < 0·05					1270:1277	P < 0·05	1270:1277	P < 0·05	1270:1277	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	7	85	theme	skin	1184:1187	arg1	poor					1264:1267	poor	1264:1267	poor	1264:1267	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	7	85	theme	skin	1184:1187	arg1	dermis					1166:1171	the dermis	1162:1171	the dermis of African skin	1162:1187	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	4	86	theme	epidermal	500:508	arg1	morphology					510:519	epidermal morphology	500:519	epidermal morphology	500:519	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	8	87	theme	fibrillin-rich	1312:1325	arg1	microfibrils					1327:1338	fibrillin-rich microfibrils	1312:1338	fibrillin-rich microfibrils	1312:1338	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	5	88	theme	age	851:853	arg1	18-30 years					855:865	age 18-30 years	851:865	age 18-30 years	851:865	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	5	89	theme	protein	687:693	arg1	composition					695:705	protein composition	687:705	protein composition	687:705	METHODS Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess epidermal morphology and protein composition of the DEJ and dermal extracellular matrix in photoprotected skin from young African, Eurasian and Far East Asian individuals (n = 7 per group; age 18-30 years).
24484315	7	90	theme	collagen	1069:1076	arg1	VII					1078:1080	collagen VII	1069:1080	collagen VII	1069:1080	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	4	91	theme	ancestry	593:600	arg1	individuals					557:567	individuals	557:567	individuals of diverse geographical ancestry	557:600	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	9	92	theme	geographical	1564:1575	arg1	ancestry					1577:1584	diverse geographical ancestry	1556:1584	diverse geographical ancestry	1556:1584	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that fundamental differences exist in skin structure and composition in individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	4	93	from	individuals	557:567	arg1	morphology					510:519	epidermal morphology	500:519	epidermal morphology	500:519	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	4	93	from	individuals	557:567	arg1	composition					532:542	dermal composition	525:542	dermal composition	525:542	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	6	94	theme	African	894:900	arg1	skin					902:905	African skin	894:905	African skin	894:905	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	4	95	theme	diverse	572:578	arg1	ancestry					593:600	diverse geographical ancestry	572:600	diverse geographical ancestry	572:600	OBJECTIVES To characterize epidermal morphology and dermal composition in skin from individuals of diverse geographical ancestry.
24484315	6	96	dep	Eurasian	975:982	arg1	skin					1003:1006	Asian skin	997:1006	Asian skin	997:1006	RESULTS The epidermis of African skin was thicker, with deeper rete ridges and a more convoluted DEJ than Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	8	97	from	microfibrils	1327:1338	arg1	abundant					1300:1307	abundant	1300:1307	abundant	1300:1307	African dermis was abundant in fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-5 (P < 0·001 and P < 0·001, respectively) compared with Eurasian and Far East Asian skin.
24484315	7	98	dep	poor	1264:1267	arg1	P < 0·05					1270:1277	P < 0·05	1270:1277	P < 0·05	1270:1277	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	7	98	dep	poor	1264:1267	arg1	poor					1264:1267	poor	1264:1267	poor	1264:1267	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
24484315	7	98	dep	poor	1264:1267	arg1	dermis					1166:1171	the dermis	1162:1171	the dermis of African skin	1162:1187	Compared with Eurasians, protein composition of the DEJ was collagen VII poor in African and Far East Asian skin (P < 0·001 and P < 0·01, respectively); the dermis of African skin was enriched in fibrillar collagens (P < 0·05), but was relatively elastin poor (P < 0·05).
29146347	0	0	theme	starch	66:71	arg1	digestibility					49:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility	26:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch	26:71	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	1	1	theme	diabetes	139:146	arg1	treatment					126:134	the treatment	122:134	the treatment of diabetes	122:146	The importance of postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of diabetes has been recognized recently.
29146347	5	2	with	patients	854:861	arg1	hyperglycemia					868:880	hyperglycemia	868:880	hyperglycemia	868:880	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	6	3	theme	corn	1007:1010	arg1	starch					1012:1017	corn starch	1007:1017	corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG	1007:1043	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	4	4	theme	slower	606:611	arg1	profiles					623:630	slower digestion profiles	606:630	slower digestion profiles	606:630	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	5	theme	Corn	509:512	arg1	starch					514:519	Corn starch	509:519	Corn starch	509:519	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	0	6	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	digestibility					49:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility	26:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch	26:71	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	6	7	theme	%	1038:1038	arg1	EGCG					1040:1043	0.5% EGCG	1035:1043	0.5% EGCG	1035:1043	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	4	8	theme	wheat	522:526	arg1	starch					528:533	wheat starch	522:533	wheat starch	522:533	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	5	9	from	effect	735:740	arg1	digestion					768:776	starch digestion	761:776	starch digestion	761:776	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	4	10	theme	sustained	671:679	arg1	release					681:687	sustained release	671:687	sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract	671:728	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	11	from	release	681:687	arg1	tract					724:728	the gastrointestinal tract	703:728	the gastrointestinal tract	703:728	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	12	theme	digestion	613:621	arg1	profiles					623:630	slower digestion profiles	606:630	slower digestion profiles	606:630	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	5	13	theme	dietary	834:840	arg1	product					842:848	dietary product	834:848	dietary product	834:848	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	2	14	from	foods	383:387	arg1	release					351:357	the release	347:357	the release of glucose from starchy foods	347:387	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	5	15	theme	products	749:756	arg1	effect					735:740	The effect	731:740	The effect of tea products on starch digestion	731:776	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	3	16	theme	composition	455:465	arg1	analysis					467:474	internal composition analysis	446:474	internal composition analysis	446:474	Six starches were chosen for internal composition analysis and hydrolysis studies in vitro.
29146347	4	17	theme	starch	590:595	arg1	content					597:603	higher resistant starch content	573:603	higher resistant starch content	573:603	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	18	theme	higher	573:578	arg1	starch					590:595	higher resistant starch	573:595	higher resistant starch content	573:603	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	6	19	with	starch	1012:1017	arg1	EGCG					1040:1043	0.5% EGCG	1035:1043	0.5% EGCG	1035:1043	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	6	19	with	starch	1012:1017	arg1	TP					1029:1030	0.5% TP	1024:1030	0.5% TP	1024:1030	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	6	20	theme	amyloglucosidase	974:989	arg1	inhibition					948:957	greater inhibition	940:957	greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase	940:989	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	2	21	theme	starchy	375:381	arg1	foods					383:387	starchy foods	375:387	starchy foods	375:387	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	5	22	theme	product	842:848	arg1	formulation					819:829	a desired formulation	809:829	a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia	809:880	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	2	23	theme	food	321:324	arg1	matcha					255:260	matcha	255:260	matcha	255:260	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	23	theme	food	321:324	arg1	polyphenols					204:214	tea polyphenols	200:214	tea polyphenols (TP)	200:219	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	23	theme	food	321:324	arg1	gallate					239:245	epigallocatechin gallate	222:245	epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)	222:252	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	23	theme	food	321:324	arg1	constituents					295:306	constituents	295:306	constituents	295:306	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	23	theme	food	321:324	arg1	products					182:189	Tea products	178:189	Tea products	178:189	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	23	theme	food	321:324	arg1	tea					275:277	instant tea	267:277	instant tea	267:277	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	0	24	theme	products	14:21	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.	0:72	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	4	25	theme	kinetic	643:649	arg1	constants					651:659	lower kinetic constants	637:659	lower kinetic constants	637:659	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	2	26	theme	tea-flour	311:319	arg1	food					321:324	tea-flour food	311:324	tea-flour food	311:324	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	27	theme	glucose	362:368	arg1	release					351:357	the release	347:357	the release of glucose from starchy foods	347:387	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	5	28	theme	desired	811:817	arg1	formulation					819:829	a desired formulation	809:829	a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia	809:880	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	6	29	theme	0.5	1035:1037	arg1	%					1038:1038	%	1038:1038	%	1038:1038	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	5	30	theme	tea	745:747	arg1	products					749:756	tea products	745:756	tea products	745:756	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	0	31	theme	tea	10:12	arg1	products					14:21	tea products	10:21	tea products	10:21	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	4	32	theme	glucose	692:698	arg1	release					681:687	sustained release	671:687	sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract	671:728	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	33	theme	root	545:548	arg1	flour					550:554	lily root flour	540:554	lily root flour	540:554	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	2	34	theme	postprandial	396:407	arg1	period					409:414	the postprandial period	392:414	the postprandial period	392:414	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	3	35	dep	analysis	467:474	arg1	studies					491:497	studies	491:497	studies	491:497	Six starches were chosen for internal composition analysis and hydrolysis studies in vitro.
29146347	6	36	theme	%	1027:1027	arg1	TP					1029:1030	0.5% TP	1024:1030	0.5% TP	1024:1030	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	4	37	theme	resistant	580:588	arg1	starch					590:595	higher resistant starch	573:595	higher resistant starch content	573:603	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	6	38	theme	greater	940:946	arg1	inhibition					948:957	greater inhibition	940:957	greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase	940:989	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	6	39	theme	instant	907:913	arg1	tea					915:917	instant tea	907:917	instant tea	907:917	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	0	40	dep	in	30:31	arg1	vitro					33:37	vitro	33:37	vitro	33:37	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	5	41	theme	starch	761:766	arg1	digestion					768:776	starch digestion	761:776	starch digestion	761:776	The effect of tea products on starch digestion was determined in order to get a desired formulation of dietary product for patients with hyperglycemia.
29146347	2	42	theme	tea	200:202	arg1	polyphenols					204:214	tea polyphenols	200:214	tea polyphenols (TP)	200:219	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	42	theme	tea	200:202	arg1	TP					217:218	TP	217:218	TP	217:218	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	1	43	theme	postprandial	92:103	arg1	hyperglycemia					105:117	postprandial hyperglycemia	92:117	postprandial hyperglycemia	92:117	The importance of postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of diabetes has been recognized recently.
29146347	0	44	theme	in	30:31	arg1	digestibility					49:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility	26:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch	26:71	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	1	45	theme	hyperglycemia	105:117	arg1	importance					78:87	The importance	74:87	The importance of postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of diabetes	74:146	The importance of postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of diabetes has been recognized recently.
29146347	1	46	from	importance	78:87	arg1	treatment					126:134	the treatment	122:134	the treatment of diabetes	122:146	The importance of postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of diabetes has been recognized recently.
29146347	2	47	theme	epigallocatechin	222:237	arg1	EGCG					248:251	EGCG	248:251	EGCG	248:251	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	47	theme	epigallocatechin	222:237	arg1	gallate					239:245	epigallocatechin gallate	222:245	epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)	222:252	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	4	48	theme	lower	637:641	arg1	constants					651:659	lower kinetic constants	637:659	lower kinetic constants	637:659	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	49	contain	have	568:571	arg2	content					597:603	higher resistant starch content	573:603	higher resistant starch content	573:603	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	49	contain	have	568:571	arg1	flour					550:554	lily root flour	540:554	lily root flour	540:554	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	49	contain	have	568:571	arg2	constants					651:659	lower kinetic constants	637:659	lower kinetic constants	637:659	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	49	contain	have	568:571	arg2	profiles					623:630	slower digestion profiles	606:630	slower digestion profiles	606:630	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	49	contain	have	568:571	arg1	starch					528:533	wheat starch	522:533	wheat starch	522:533	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	4	49	contain	have	568:571	arg1	starch					514:519	Corn starch	509:519	Corn starch	509:519	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	6	50	theme	amylase	962:968	arg1	inhibition					948:957	greater inhibition	940:957	greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase	940:989	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	2	51	theme	instant	267:273	arg1	tea					275:277	instant tea	267:277	instant tea	267:277	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	6	52	theme	0.5	1024:1026	arg1	%					1027:1027	%	1027:1027	%	1027:1027	Compared with macha and instant tea, TP and EGCG exerted greater inhibition of amylase and amyloglucosidase, especially for corn starch with 0.5% TP or 0.5% EGCG.
29146347	2	53	theme	Tea	178:180	arg1	matcha					255:260	matcha	255:260	matcha	255:260	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	53	theme	Tea	178:180	arg1	polyphenols					204:214	tea polyphenols	200:214	tea polyphenols (TP)	200:219	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	53	theme	Tea	178:180	arg1	gallate					239:245	epigallocatechin gallate	222:245	epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)	222:252	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	53	theme	Tea	178:180	arg1	constituents					295:306	constituents	295:306	constituents	295:306	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	53	theme	Tea	178:180	arg1	products					182:189	Tea products	178:189	Tea products	178:189	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	2	53	theme	Tea	178:180	arg1	tea					275:277	instant tea	267:277	instant tea	267:277	Tea products, such as tea polyphenols (TP), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), matcha, and instant tea, were chosen as constituents of tea-flour food, aimed at regulating the release of glucose from starchy foods in the postprandial period.
29146347	4	54	theme	lily	540:543	arg1	flour					550:554	lily root flour	540:554	lily root flour	540:554	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	0	55	theme	enzymatic	39:47	arg1	digestibility					49:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility	26:61	the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch	26:71	Effect of tea products on the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of starch.
29146347	4	56	theme	gastrointestinal	707:722	arg1	tract					724:728	the gastrointestinal tract	703:728	the gastrointestinal tract	703:728	Corn starch, wheat starch, and lily root flour appeared to have higher resistant starch content, slower digestion profiles, and lower kinetic constants, implying sustained release of glucose in the gastrointestinal tract.
29146347	3	57	theme	internal	446:453	arg1	analysis					467:474	internal composition analysis	446:474	internal composition analysis	446:474	Six starches were chosen for internal composition analysis and hydrolysis studies in vitro.
25176230	0	0	theme	tablet	92:97	arg1	optimization					43:54	optimization	43:54	optimization	43:54	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	0	0	theme	tablet	92:97	arg1	development					27:37	development	27:37	development	27:37	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	1	1	theme	growing	148:154	arg1	form					163:166	a rapidly growing dosage form	138:166	a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	138:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	1	theme	growing	148:154	arg1	Tablets					120:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets	100:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs)	100:133	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	0	2	theme	disintegrating	77:90	arg1	tablet					92:97	a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet	59:97	a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet	59:97	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	8	3	theme	better	1174:1179	arg1	bioavailability					1181:1195	better bioavailability	1174:1195	better bioavailability	1174:1195	F 9 showed improved dissolution with t90% of> 2 min and will lead to better bioavailability.
25176230	1	4	theme	dosage	156:161	arg1	form					163:166	a rapidly growing dosage form	138:166	a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	138:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	4	theme	dosage	156:161	arg1	Tablets					120:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets	100:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs)	100:133	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	3	5	theme	present	346:352	arg1	study					354:358	the present study	342:358	the present study	342:358	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	5	6	theme	pharmacopeial	808:820	arg1	parameters					844:853	pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters	808:853	pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters	808:853	Tablets were assessed for pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters to ensure the quality of compressed tablets.
25176230	4	7	theme	variables	598:606	arg1	effects					575:581	The effects	571:581	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration	571:701	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	3	8	theme	design	546:551	arg1	software					561:568	design expert® software	546:568	design expert® software	546:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	4	9	theme	independent	586:596	arg1	variables					598:606	independent variables	586:606	independent variables	586:606	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	3	10	with	design	468:473	arg1	crospovidone					526:537	crospovidone	526:537	crospovidone	526:537	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	10	with	design	468:473	arg1	croscarmellose					507:520	croscarmellose	507:520	croscarmellose	507:520	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	10	with	design	468:473	arg1	variables					496:504	two independent variables	480:504	two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software	480:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	5	11	theme	non-pharmacopeial	826:842	arg1	parameters					844:853	pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters	808:853	pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters	808:853	Tablets were assessed for pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters to ensure the quality of compressed tablets.
25176230	4	12	theme	in	664:665	arg1	dispersion					673:682	in vitro dispersion	664:682	in vitro dispersion	664:682	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	13	from	effects	575:581	arg1	hardness					654:661	hardness	654:661	hardness	654:661	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	13	from	effects	575:581	arg1	friability					642:651	friability	642:651	friability	642:651	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	13	from	effects	575:581	arg1	properties					623:632	formulation properties	611:632	formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration	611:701	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	13	from	effects	575:581	arg1	disintegration					688:701	disintegration	688:701	disintegration	688:701	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	13	from	effects	575:581	arg1	dispersion					673:682	in vitro dispersion	664:682	in vitro dispersion	664:682	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	3	14	theme	disintegrating	377:390	arg1	formulations					400:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations	361:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9)	361:417	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	14	theme	disintegrating	377:390	arg1	n=9					414:416	n=9	414:416	n=9	414:416	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	7	15	contain	containing	984:993	arg1	F9					981:982	The formulation F9	965:982	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone	965:1039	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	7	15	contain	containing	984:993	arg2	crospovidone					1028:1039	33.075mg crospovidone	1019:1039	33.075mg crospovidone	1019:1039	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	7	15	contain	containing	984:993	arg2	croscarmellose					1000:1013	15mg croscarmellose	995:1013	15mg croscarmellose	995:1013	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	3	16	theme	fast	372:375	arg1	formulations					400:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations	361:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9)	361:417	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	16	theme	fast	372:375	arg1	n=9					414:416	n=9	414:416	n=9	414:416	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	17	dep	variables	496:504	arg1	crospovidone					526:537	crospovidone	526:537	crospovidone	526:537	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	17	dep	variables	496:504	arg1	croscarmellose					507:520	croscarmellose	507:520	croscarmellose	507:520	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	17	dep	variables	496:504	arg1	variables					496:504	two independent variables	480:504	two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software	480:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	0	18	theme	Disintegrants	0:12	arg1	combination					14:24	Disintegrants combination	0:24	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.	0:98	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	1	19	theme	Fast	100:103	arg1	form					163:166	a rapidly growing dosage form	138:166	a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	138:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	19	theme	Fast	100:103	arg1	FDTs					129:132	FDTs	129:132	FDTs	129:132	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	19	theme	Fast	100:103	arg1	Tablets					120:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets	100:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs)	100:133	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	20	theme	special	182:188	arg1	patients					237:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	20	theme	special	182:188	arg1	population					190:199	special population	182:199	special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	182:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	4	21	dep	in	664:665	arg1	vitro					667:671	vitro	667:671	vitro	667:671	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	7	22	theme	formulation	969:979	arg1	F9					981:982	The formulation F9	965:982	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone	965:1039	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	3	23	theme	expert®	553:559	arg1	software					561:568	design expert® software	546:568	design expert® software	546:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	24	theme	central	450:456	arg1	design					468:473	central composite design	450:473	central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software	450:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	25	theme	cefadroxil	361:370	arg1	formulations					400:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations	361:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9)	361:417	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	25	theme	cefadroxil	361:370	arg1	n=9					414:416	n=9	414:416	n=9	414:416	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	4	26	theme	design	757:762	arg1	software					772:779	design expert® software	757:779	design expert® software	757:779	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	3	27	theme	composite	458:466	arg1	design					468:473	central composite design	450:473	central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software	450:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	7	28	theme	shelf	1093:1097	arg1	life					1099:1102	shelf life	1093:1102	good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life	1048:1102	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	1	29	theme	pediatric	202:210	arg1	patients					237:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	29	theme	pediatric	202:210	arg1	population					190:199	special population	182:199	special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	182:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	5	30	theme	tablets	891:897	arg1	quality					869:875	the quality	865:875	the quality of compressed tablets	865:897	Tablets were assessed for pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters to ensure the quality of compressed tablets.
25176230	8	31	theme	improved	1116:1123	arg1	dissolution					1125:1135	improved dissolution	1116:1135	improved dissolution	1116:1135	F 9 showed improved dissolution with t90% of> 2 min and will lead to better bioavailability.
25176230	7	32	theme	good	1048:1051	arg1	attributes					1071:1080	good pharmacotechnical attributes	1048:1080	good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life	1048:1102	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	5	33	theme	compressed	880:889	arg1	tablets					891:897	compressed tablets	880:897	compressed tablets	880:897	Tablets were assessed for pharmacopeial and non-pharmacopeial parameters to ensure the quality of compressed tablets.
25176230	3	34	theme	tablets	392:398	arg1	formulations					400:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations	361:411	cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9)	361:417	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	34	theme	tablets	392:398	arg1	n=9					414:416	n=9	414:416	n=9	414:416	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	7	35	theme	pharmacotechnical	1053:1069	arg1	attributes					1071:1080	good pharmacotechnical attributes	1048:1080	good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life	1048:1102	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	6	36	theme	better	949:954	arg1	results					956:962	better results	949:962	better results	949:962	Among all formulations, F3, F8 and F9 have shown better results.
25176230	3	37	theme	independent	484:494	arg1	crospovidone					526:537	crospovidone	526:537	crospovidone	526:537	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	37	theme	independent	484:494	arg1	croscarmellose					507:520	croscarmellose	507:520	croscarmellose	507:520	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	3	37	theme	independent	484:494	arg1	variables					496:504	two independent variables	480:504	two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software	480:568	During the present study, cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablets formulations (n=9) were designed and optimized by central composite design with two independent variables (croscarmellose and crospovidone) using design expert® software.
25176230	4	38	with	graphs	745:750	arg1	software					772:779	design expert® software	757:779	design expert® software	757:779	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	2	39	theme	patient	315:321	arg1	compliance					323:332	patient compliance	315:332	patient compliance	315:332	It is also developed with the aim of improving bioavailability and patient compliance.
25176230	1	40	theme	Disintegrating	105:118	arg1	form					163:166	a rapidly growing dosage form	138:166	a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	138:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	40	theme	Disintegrating	105:118	arg1	FDTs					129:132	FDTs	129:132	FDTs	129:132	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	40	theme	Disintegrating	105:118	arg1	Tablets					120:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets	100:126	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs)	100:133	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	41	theme	geriatric	213:221	arg1	patients					237:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	41	theme	geriatric	213:221	arg1	population					190:199	special population	182:199	special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	182:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	4	42	theme	response	728:735	arg1	graphs					745:750	response surface graphs	728:750	response surface graphs with design expert® software	728:779	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	43	theme	surface	737:743	arg1	graphs					745:750	response surface graphs	728:750	response surface graphs with design expert® software	728:779	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	0	44	theme	fast	72:75	arg1	tablet					92:97	a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet	59:97	a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet	59:97	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	0	45	dep	combination	14:24	arg1	optimization					43:54	optimization	43:54	optimization	43:54	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	0	45	dep	combination	14:24	arg1	development					27:37	development	27:37	development	27:37	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	7	46	theme	33.075mg	1019:1026	arg1	crospovidone					1028:1039	33.075mg crospovidone	1019:1039	33.075mg crospovidone	1019:1039	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	1	47	theme	psychotic	227:235	arg1	patients					237:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients	202:244	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	1	47	theme	psychotic	227:235	arg1	population					190:199	special population	182:199	special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients)	182:245	Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDTs) is a rapidly growing dosage form preferred for special population (pediatric, geriatric and psychotic patients).
25176230	0	48	theme	cefadroxil	61:70	arg1	tablet					92:97	a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet	59:97	a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet	59:97	Disintegrants combination: development and optimization of a cefadroxil fast disintegrating tablet.
25176230	7	49	theme	15mg	995:998	arg1	croscarmellose					1000:1013	15mg croscarmellose	995:1013	15mg croscarmellose	995:1013	The formulation F9 containing 15mg croscarmellose and 33.075mg crospovidone showed good pharmacotechnical attributes as well as shelf life.
25176230	4	50	theme	formulation	611:621	arg1	hardness					654:661	hardness	654:661	hardness	654:661	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	50	theme	formulation	611:621	arg1	friability					642:651	friability	642:651	friability	642:651	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	50	theme	formulation	611:621	arg1	properties					623:632	formulation properties	611:632	formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration	611:701	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	50	theme	formulation	611:621	arg1	disintegration					688:701	disintegration	688:701	disintegration	688:701	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
25176230	4	50	theme	formulation	611:621	arg1	dispersion					673:682	in vitro dispersion	664:682	in vitro dispersion	664:682	The effects of independent variables on formulation properties such as friability, hardness, in vitro dispersion and disintegration were assessed by drawing response surface graphs with design expert® software.
28061020	0	0	theme	iron	56:59	arg1	acquisition					61:71	iron acquisition	56:71	iron acquisition	56:71	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	5	1	theme	increased	859:867	arg1	sensitivity					869:879	increased sensitivity	859:879	increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum	859:1067	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	1	2	theme	Cryptococcus	137:148	arg1	neoformans					150:159	Cryptococcus neoformans	137:159	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans	115:159	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	7	3	with	comparison	1269:1278	arg1	mutants					1299:1305	mutants	1299:1305	mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1299:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	6	4	theme	virulence	1240:1248	arg1	delivery					1257:1264	virulence factor delivery	1240:1264	virulence factor delivery	1240:1264	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	4	5	from	macrophages	756:766	arg1	impaired					806:813	impaired	806:813	impaired	806:813	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	5	from	macrophages	756:766	arg1	defective					730:738	defective	730:738	defective	730:738	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	5	from	macrophages	756:766	arg1	attenuated					769:778	attenuated	769:778	attenuated for virulence in mice	769:800	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	5	from	macrophages	756:766	arg1	mutant					702:707	a cdc50 mutant	694:707	a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans	694:724	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	3	6	theme	vesicle-mediated	650:665	arg1	trafficking					667:677	vesicle-mediated trafficking	650:677	vesicle-mediated trafficking	650:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	7	7	theme	potential	1463:1471	arg1	interaction					1484:1494	a potential functional interaction	1461:1494	a potential functional interaction	1461:1494	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	5	8	theme	iron	1009:1012	arg1	curcumin					996:1003	curcumin	996:1003	curcumin	996:1003	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	5	8	theme	iron	1009:1012	arg1	chelator					1014:1021	an iron chelator	1006:1021	an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum	1006:1067	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	6	9	theme	aminophospholipid	1199:1215	arg1	Apt1					1231:1234	Apt1	1231:1234	Apt1	1231:1234	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	6	9	theme	aminophospholipid	1199:1215	arg1	translocases					1217:1228	the flippase aminophospholipid translocases	1186:1228	the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1)	1186:1235	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	3	10	theme	subunit	537:543	arg1	family					510:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family	465:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	465:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	3	11	from	asymmetry	611:619	arg1	membranes					624:632	membranes	624:632	membranes	624:632	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	5	12	dep	metabolism	919:928	arg1	miltefosine					946:956	miltefosine	946:956	miltefosine	946:956	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	5	12	dep	metabolism	919:928	arg1	cinnamycin					931:940	cinnamycin	931:940	cinnamycin	931:940	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	2	13	theme	secretion	333:341	arg1	A					363:363	the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	329:433	the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	329:433	In this study, we screened for mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence.
28061020	1	14	theme	vertebrate	259:268	arg1	hosts					270:274	vertebrate hosts	259:274	vertebrate hosts	259:274	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	4	15	from	acquisition	823:833	arg1	mutant					702:707	a cdc50 mutant	694:707	a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans	694:724	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	15	from	acquisition	823:833	arg1	attenuated					769:778	attenuated	769:778	attenuated for virulence in mice	769:800	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	15	from	acquisition	823:833	arg1	defective					730:738	defective	730:738	defective	730:738	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	15	from	acquisition	823:833	arg1	impaired					806:813	impaired	806:813	impaired	806:813	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	16	theme	iron	818:821	arg1	acquisition					823:833	iron acquisition	818:833	iron acquisition	818:833	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	1	17	theme	capsule	196:202	arg1	polysaccharide					204:217	capsule polysaccharide	196:217	capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface	196:237	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	2	18	theme	secretory	377:385	arg1	components					395:404	secretory pathway components	377:404	secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	377:433	In this study, we screened for mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence.
28061020	7	19	theme	defective	1307:1315	arg1	mutants					1299:1305	mutants	1299:1305	mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1299:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	6	20	theme	factor	1250:1255	arg1	delivery					1257:1264	virulence factor delivery	1240:1264	virulence factor delivery	1240:1264	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	4	21	from	defective	730:738	arg1	macrophages					756:766	macrophages	756:766	macrophages	756:766	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	3	22	theme	family	510:515	arg1	ortholog					453:460	an ortholog	450:460	an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	450:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	6	23	from	involvement	1171:1181	arg1	delivery					1257:1264	virulence factor delivery	1240:1264	virulence factor delivery	1240:1264	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	1	24	theme	virulence	170:178	arg1	factors					180:186	virulence factors	170:186	virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface	170:237	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	1	24	theme	virulence	170:178	arg1	polysaccharide					204:217	capsule polysaccharide	196:217	capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface	196:237	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	0	25	theme	P4-ATPase	2:10	arg1	subunit					12:18	A P4-ATPase subunit	0:18	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family	0:38	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	3	26	theme	Cdc50	503:507	arg1	family					510:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family	465:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	465:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	4	27	dep	defective	730:738	arg1	mutant					702:707	a cdc50 mutant	694:707	a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans	694:724	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	27	dep	defective	730:738	arg1	attenuated					769:778	attenuated	769:778	attenuated for virulence in mice	769:800	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	27	dep	defective	730:738	arg1	defective					730:738	defective	730:738	defective	730:738	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	27	dep	defective	730:738	arg1	impaired					806:813	impaired	806:813	impaired	806:813	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	8	28	theme	membrane	1548:1555	arg1	composition					1557:1567	membrane composition	1548:1567	membrane composition	1548:1567	Overall, these results highlight the importance of membrane composition and homeostasis for the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease.
28061020	4	29	theme	cdc50	696:700	arg1	impaired					806:813	impaired	806:813	impaired	806:813	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	29	theme	cdc50	696:700	arg1	attenuated					769:778	attenuated	769:778	attenuated for virulence in mice	769:800	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	29	theme	cdc50	696:700	arg1	defective					730:738	defective	730:738	defective	730:738	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	4	29	theme	cdc50	696:700	arg1	mutant					702:707	a cdc50 mutant	694:707	a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans	694:724	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	3	30	theme	type	548:551	arg1	ATPases					563:569	type IV P-type ATPases	548:569	type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	548:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	3	30	theme	type	548:551	arg1	flippases					572:580	flippases	572:580	flippases	572:580	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	6	31	theme	translocases	1217:1228	arg1	involvement					1171:1181	the involvement	1167:1181	the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery	1167:1264	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	3	32	theme	noncatalytic	524:535	arg1	subunit					537:543	the noncatalytic subunit	520:543	the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	520:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	7	33	dep	flippases	1345:1353	arg1	APT4					1389:1392	APT4	1389:1392	APT4	1389:1392	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	33	dep	flippases	1345:1353	arg1	APT2					1373:1376	APT2	1373:1376	APT2	1373:1376	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	33	dep	flippases	1345:1353	arg1	flippases					1345:1353	candidate flippases	1335:1353	candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1335:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	33	dep	flippases	1345:1353	arg1	APT1					1367:1370	designated APT1	1356:1370	designated APT1	1356:1370	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	33	dep	flippases	1345:1353	arg1	APT3					1379:1382	APT3	1379:1382	APT3	1379:1382	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	0	34	theme	Cryptococcus	90:101	arg1	neoformans					103:112	Cryptococcus neoformans	90:112	Cryptococcus neoformans	90:112	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	5	35	theme	endoplasmic	1047:1057	arg1	reticulum					1059:1067	the endoplasmic reticulum	1043:1067	the endoplasmic reticulum	1043:1067	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	1	36	dep	fungus	130:135	arg1	neoformans					150:159	Cryptococcus neoformans	137:159	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans	115:159	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	1	37	theme	pathogenic	119:128	arg1	fungus					130:135	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans	115:159	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans	115:159	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	0	38	theme	Cdc50	27:31	arg1	family					33:38	the Cdc50 family	23:38	the Cdc50 family	23:38	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	3	39	theme	control	483:489	arg1	family					510:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family	465:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	465:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	3	40	theme	ATPases	563:569	arg1	subunit					537:543	the noncatalytic subunit	520:543	the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	520:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	7	41	theme	phenotypes	1283:1292	arg1	comparison					1269:1278	A comparison	1267:1278	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1267:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	3	42	theme	phospholipid	598:609	arg1	asymmetry					611:619	phospholipid asymmetry	598:619	phospholipid asymmetry in membranes	598:632	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	4	43	from	impaired	806:813	arg1	acquisition					823:833	iron acquisition	818:833	iron acquisition	818:833	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	2	44	theme	pathway	387:393	arg1	components					395:404	secretory pathway components	377:404	secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	377:433	In this study, we screened for mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence.
28061020	3	45	theme	protein	491:497	arg1	family					510:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family	465:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	465:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	7	46	theme	designated	1356:1365	arg1	flippases					1345:1353	candidate flippases	1335:1353	candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1335:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	46	theme	designated	1356:1365	arg1	APT1					1367:1370	designated APT1	1356:1370	designated APT1	1356:1370	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	3	47	theme	IV	553:554	arg1	ATPases					563:569	type IV P-type ATPases	548:569	type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	548:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	3	47	theme	IV	553:554	arg1	flippases					572:580	flippases	572:580	flippases	572:580	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	6	48	theme	catalytic	1105:1113	arg1	subunits					1115:1122	catalytic subunits	1105:1122	catalytic subunits of flippases	1105:1135	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	3	49	theme	division	474:481	arg1	family					510:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family	465:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	465:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	0	50	theme	family	33:38	arg1	subunit					12:18	A P4-ATPase subunit	0:18	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family	0:38	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	7	51	theme	functional	1473:1482	arg1	interaction					1484:1494	a potential functional interaction	1461:1494	a potential functional interaction	1461:1494	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	8	52	theme	composition	1557:1567	arg1	importance					1534:1543	the importance	1530:1543	the importance of membrane composition and homeostasis for the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease	1530:1633	Overall, these results highlight the importance of membrane composition and homeostasis for the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease.
28061020	3	53	theme	P-type	556:561	arg1	ATPases					563:569	type IV P-type ATPases	548:569	type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	548:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	3	53	theme	P-type	556:561	arg1	flippases					572:580	flippases	572:580	flippases	572:580	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	2	54	theme	sensitive	316:324	arg1	mutants					308:314	mutants	308:314	mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	308:433	In this study, we screened for mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence.
28061020	4	55	from	mutant	702:707	arg1	C. neoformans					712:724	C. neoformans	712:724	C. neoformans	712:724	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	0	56	from	virulence	77:85	arg1	neoformans					103:112	Cryptococcus neoformans	90:112	Cryptococcus neoformans	90:112	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	5	57	theme	drug	975:978	arg1	fluconazole					980:990	the antifungal drug fluconazole	960:990	the antifungal drug fluconazole	960:990	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	7	58	from	defective	1307:1315	arg1	genes					1320:1324	genes	1320:1324	genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1320:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	5	59	theme	phospholipid	906:917	arg1	metabolism					919:928	phospholipid metabolism	906:928	phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine)	906:957	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	8	60	theme	C. neoformans	1604:1616	arg1	ability					1593:1599	the ability	1589:1599	the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease	1589:1633	Overall, these results highlight the importance of membrane composition and homeostasis for the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease.
28061020	5	61	theme	antifungal	964:973	arg1	fluconazole					980:990	the antifungal drug fluconazole	960:990	the antifungal drug fluconazole	960:990	The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to drugs associated with phospholipid metabolism (cinnamycin and miltefosine), the antifungal drug fluconazole and curcumin, an iron chelator that accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
28061020	6	62	theme	flippase	1190:1197	arg1	Apt1					1231:1234	Apt1	1231:1234	Apt1	1231:1234	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	6	62	theme	flippase	1190:1197	arg1	translocases					1217:1228	the flippase aminophospholipid translocases	1186:1228	the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1)	1186:1235	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	4	63	from	virulence	784:792	arg1	mice					797:800	mice	797:800	mice	797:800	We found that a cdc50 mutant in C. neoformans was defective for survival in macrophages, attenuated for virulence in mice and impaired in iron acquisition.
28061020	3	64	theme	cell	469:472	arg1	family					510:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family	465:515	the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking	465:677	We identified an ortholog of the cell division control protein 50 (Cdc50) family of the noncatalytic subunit of type IV P-type ATPases (flippases) that establish phospholipid asymmetry in membranes and function in vesicle-mediated trafficking.
28061020	1	65	theme	cell	226:229	arg1	surface					231:237	the cell surface	222:237	the cell surface	222:237	The pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans delivers virulence factors such as capsule polysaccharide to the cell surface to cause disease in vertebrate hosts.
28061020	0	66	from	acquisition	61:71	arg1	neoformans					103:112	Cryptococcus neoformans	90:112	Cryptococcus neoformans	90:112	A P4-ATPase subunit of the Cdc50 family plays a role in iron acquisition and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.
28061020	7	67	from	genes	1320:1324	arg1	defective					1307:1315	defective	1307:1315	defective	1307:1315	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	2	68	theme	brefeldin	353:361	arg1	A					363:363	the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	329:433	the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	329:433	In this study, we screened for mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence.
28061020	7	69	theme	candidate	1335:1343	arg1	APT4					1389:1392	APT4	1389:1392	APT4	1389:1392	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	69	theme	candidate	1335:1343	arg1	APT2					1373:1376	APT2	1373:1376	APT2	1373:1376	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	69	theme	candidate	1335:1343	arg1	flippases					1345:1353	candidate flippases	1335:1353	candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4)	1335:1393	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	69	theme	candidate	1335:1343	arg1	APT1					1367:1370	designated APT1	1356:1370	designated APT1	1356:1370	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	7	69	theme	candidate	1335:1343	arg1	APT3					1379:1382	APT3	1379:1382	APT3	1379:1382	A comparison of phenotypes with mutants defective in genes encoding candidate flippases (designated APT1, APT2, APT3, and APT4) revealed similarities primarily between cdc50 and apt1 suggesting a potential functional interaction.
28061020	6	70	theme	flippases	1127:1135	arg1	subunits					1115:1122	catalytic subunits	1105:1122	catalytic subunits of flippases	1105:1135	Cdc50 is expected to function with catalytic subunits of flippases, and we previously documented the involvement of the flippase aminophospholipid translocases (Apt1) in virulence factor delivery.
28061020	2	71	theme	inhibitor	343:351	arg1	A					363:363	the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	329:433	the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence	329:433	In this study, we screened for mutants sensitive to the secretion inhibitor brefeldin A to identify secretory pathway components that contribute to virulence.
28061020	8	72	theme	homeostasis	1573:1583	arg1	importance					1534:1543	the importance	1530:1543	the importance of membrane composition and homeostasis for the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease	1530:1633	Overall, these results highlight the importance of membrane composition and homeostasis for the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease.
25515330	0	0	from	glycans	17:23	arg1	cells					40:44	live cancer cells	28:44	live cancer cells	28:44	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	1	1	link	O-linked	468:475	arg1	GalNAc					501:506	GalNAc	501:506	GalNAc	501:506	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	1	link	O-linked	468:475	arg1	galactosamine					486:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine	468:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc)	468:507	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	2	theme	dye-labeled	334:344	arg1	glycans					346:352	dye-labeled glycans	334:352	dye-labeled glycans	334:352	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	3	theme	glycans	346:352	arg1	density					323:329	a sufficiently low spatial density	296:329	a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans	296:352	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	4	from	Analysis	540:547	arg1	cells					616:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	5	theme	acids	458:462	arg1	imaging					431:437	dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging	377:437	imaging	431:437	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	5	theme	acids	458:462	arg1	GalNAc					501:506	GalNAc	501:506	GalNAc	501:506	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	5	theme	acids	458:462	arg1	tracking					401:408	dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging	377:437	tracking	401:408	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	5	theme	acids	458:462	arg1	galactosamine					486:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine	468:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc)	468:507	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	6	theme	plasma	842:847	arg1	membrane					849:856	the plasma membrane	838:856	the plasma membrane	838:856	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	2	7	theme	cancer	609:614	arg1	cells					616:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	2	8	theme	O-linked	668:675	arg1	glycans					677:683	O-linked glycans	668:683	O-linked glycans	668:683	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	9	theme	azide-	263:268	arg1	glycans					287:293	azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	263:293	azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	263:293	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	10	theme	mammary	601:607	arg1	cells					616:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	11	theme	O-linked	468:475	arg1	GalNAc					501:506	GalNAc	501:506	GalNAc	501:506	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	11	theme	O-linked	468:475	arg1	galactosamine					486:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine	468:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc)	468:507	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	3	12	theme	dynamic	946:952	arg1	nanotubes					963:971	dynamic membrane nanotubes	946:971	dynamic membrane nanotubes	946:971	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	1	13	theme	N-acetyl	477:484	arg1	GalNAc					501:506	GalNAc	501:506	GalNAc	501:506	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	13	theme	N-acetyl	477:484	arg1	galactosamine					486:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine	468:498	O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc)	468:507	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	3	14	theme	Stochastic	859:868	arg1	STORM					905:909	STORM	905:909	STORM	905:909	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	3	14	theme	Stochastic	859:868	arg1	microscopy					893:902	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy	859:902	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging	859:918	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	2	15	from	inhomogeneities	819:833	arg1	membrane					849:856	the plasma membrane	838:856	the plasma membrane	838:856	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	16	theme	-catalyzed	159:168	arg1	cycloaddition					183:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	0	17	theme	surface	9:15	arg1	glycans					17:23	Tracking surface glycans	0:23	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity	0:77	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	1	18	theme	dynamic	377:383	arg1	tracking					401:408	dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging	377:437	tracking	401:408	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	19	theme	azide-alkyne	170:181	arg1	cycloaddition					183:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	0	20	theme	Tracking	0:7	arg1	glycans					17:23	Tracking surface glycans	0:23	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity	0:77	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	1	21	theme	alkyne-tagged	273:285	arg1	glycans					287:293	azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	263:293	azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	263:293	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	22	theme	constrained	631:641	arg1	diffusion					643:651	constrained diffusion	631:651	constrained diffusion	631:651	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	3	23	theme	nanotubes	963:971	arg1	structure					933:941	the structure	929:941	the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes	929:971	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	2	24	theme	N-	661:662	arg1	diffusion					643:651	constrained diffusion	631:651	constrained diffusion	631:651	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	2	25	theme	glycans	677:683	arg1	diffusion					643:651	constrained diffusion	631:651	constrained diffusion	631:651	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	2	26	link	O-linked	668:675	arg1	glycans					677:683	O-linked glycans	668:683	O-linked glycans	668:683	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	2	27	theme	trajectories	556:567	arg1	Analysis					540:547	Analysis	540:547	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells	540:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	28	theme	single-molecule	385:399	arg1	tracking					401:408	dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging	377:437	tracking	401:408	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	29	theme	transient	777:785	arg1	immobilization					787:800	transient immobilization	777:800	transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane	777:856	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	0	30	theme	cancer	33:38	arg1	cells					40:44	live cancer cells	28:44	live cancer cells	28:44	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	2	31	from	cells	616:620	arg1	Analysis					540:547	Analysis	540:547	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells	540:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	3	32	theme	membrane	954:961	arg1	nanotubes					963:971	dynamic membrane nanotubes	946:971	dynamic membrane nanotubes	946:971	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	0	33	theme	live	28:31	arg1	cells					40:44	live cancer cells	28:44	live cancer cells	28:44	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	1	34	theme	sufficiently	298:309	arg1	density					323:329	a sufficiently low spatial density	296:329	a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans	296:352	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	35	dep	cycloaddition	183:195	arg1	I					157:157	I	157:157	I	157:157	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	36	theme	controlled	206:215	arg1	bleaching					217:225	the controlled bleaching	202:225	the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	202:293	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	37	theme	low	311:313	arg1	density					323:329	a sufficiently low spatial density	296:329	a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans	296:352	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	38	theme	super-resolution	414:429	arg1	imaging					431:437	dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging	377:437	imaging	431:437	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	0	39	with	glycans	17:23	arg1	sensitivity					67:77	single-molecule sensitivity	51:77	single-molecule sensitivity	51:77	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	1	40	theme	labeled	117:123	arg1	glycans					125:131	metabolically labeled glycans	103:131	metabolically labeled glycans	103:131	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	41	theme	spatial	315:321	arg1	density					323:329	a sufficiently low spatial density	296:329	a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans	296:352	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	42	theme	glycans	590:596	arg1	trajectories					556:567	the trajectories	552:567	the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells	552:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	43	theme	glycans	125:131	arg1	combination					88:98	a combination	86:98	a combination of metabolically labeled glycans	86:131	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	43	theme	glycans	125:131	arg1	bleaching					217:225	the controlled bleaching	202:225	the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	202:293	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	43	theme	glycans	125:131	arg1	cycloaddition					183:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	44	link	N-linked	442:449	arg1	acids					458:462	N-linked sialic acids	442:462	N-linked sialic acids	442:462	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	45	theme	dye-labeled	578:588	arg1	glycans					590:596	these dye-labeled glycans	572:596	these dye-labeled glycans	572:596	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	3	46	theme	reconstruction	878:891	arg1	STORM					905:909	STORM	905:909	STORM	905:909	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	3	46	theme	reconstruction	878:891	arg1	microscopy					893:902	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy	859:902	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging	859:918	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	3	47	theme	microscopy	893:902	arg1	imaging					912:918	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging	859:918	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging	859:918	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	1	48	theme	N-linked	442:449	arg1	acids					458:462	N-linked sialic acids	442:462	N-linked sialic acids	442:462	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	49	theme	live	528:531	arg1	cells					533:537	live cells	528:537	live cells	528:537	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	2	50	theme	glycan	742:747	arg1	mobility					726:733	the mobility	722:733	the mobility of the glycan	722:747	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	2	51	theme	spatial	811:817	arg1	inhomogeneities					819:833	spatial inhomogeneities	811:833	spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane	811:856	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	52	theme	sialic	451:456	arg1	acids					458:462	N-linked sialic acids	442:462	N-linked sialic acids	442:462	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	53	theme	cells	533:537	arg1	membrane					516:523	the membrane	512:523	the membrane of live cells	512:537	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	54	theme	bioorthogonal	136:148	arg1	cycloaddition					183:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	3	55	theme	optical	870:876	arg1	STORM					905:909	STORM	905:909	STORM	905:909	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	3	55	theme	optical	870:876	arg1	microscopy					893:902	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy	859:902	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging	859:918	Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging revealed the structure of dynamic membrane nanotubes.
25515330	1	56	theme	fluorescent	230:240	arg1	probes					242:247	fluorescent probes	230:247	fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	230:293	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	0	57	theme	single-molecule	51:65	arg1	sensitivity					67:77	single-molecule sensitivity	51:77	single-molecule sensitivity	51:77	Tracking surface glycans on live cancer cells with single-molecule sensitivity.
25515330	2	58	from	trajectories	556:567	arg1	cells					616:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	mammary cancer cells	601:620	Analysis of the trajectories of these dye-labeled glycans in mammary cancer cells revealed constrained diffusion of both N- and O-linked glycans, which was interpreted as reflecting the mobility of the glycan rather than to be caused by transient immobilization owing to spatial inhomogeneities on the plasma membrane.
25515330	1	59	theme	copper	150:155	arg1	cycloaddition					183:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	60	theme	probes	242:247	arg1	combination					88:98	a combination	86:98	a combination of metabolically labeled glycans	86:131	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	60	theme	probes	242:247	arg1	bleaching					217:225	the controlled bleaching	202:225	the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans	202:293	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
25515330	1	60	theme	probes	242:247	arg1	cycloaddition					183:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition	134:195	Using a combination of metabolically labeled glycans, a bioorthogonal copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and the controlled bleaching of fluorescent probes conjugated to azide- or alkyne-tagged glycans, a sufficiently low spatial density of dye-labeled glycans was achieved, enabling dynamic single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging of N-linked sialic acids and O-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) on the membrane of live cells.
27475301	7	0	theme	metabolic	1356:1364	arg1	fate					1366:1369	The metabolic fate	1352:1369	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1352:1415	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	5	1	from	treatments	1048:1057	arg1	Fish					1033:1036	Fish	1033:1036	Fish from both treatments	1033:1057	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	5	2	theme	body	1093:1096	arg1	weight					1098:1103	8-fold their initial body weight	1072:1103	8-fold their initial body weight	1072:1103	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	8	3	theme	glycogen	1684:1691	arg1	synthesis					1643:1651	de novo synthesis	1635:1651	de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05)	1635:1714	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	8	4	theme	GLU	1698:1700	arg1	fish					1702:1705	GLU fish	1698:1705	GLU fish (P<0.05)	1698:1714	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	8	4	theme	GLU	1698:1700	arg1	P<0.05					1708:1713	P<0.05	1708:1713	P<0.05	1708:1713	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	5	5	theme	fish	1261:1264	arg1	history					1284:1290	fish early nutritional history	1261:1290	fish early nutritional history	1261:1290	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	9	6	theme	metabolic	1721:1729	arg1	data					1731:1734	Our metabolic data	1717:1734	Our metabolic data	1717:1734	Our metabolic data suggests that the early glucose stimuli may alter carbohydrate utilization in seabream juveniles.
27475301	5	7	theme	nutritional	1272:1282	arg1	history					1284:1290	fish early nutritional history	1261:1290	fish early nutritional history	1261:1290	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	7	8	theme	glucose	1489:1495	arg1	absorption					1460:1469	higher absorption	1453:1469	higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut	1453:1506	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	8	9	dep	de	1635:1636	arg1	novo					1638:1641	novo	1638:1641	novo	1638:1641	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	0	10	from	pathway	77:83	arg1	seabream					97:104	gilthead seabream	88:104	gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	88:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	0	10	from	pathway	77:83	arg1	aurata					114:119	Sparus aurata	107:119	Sparus aurata	107:119	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	3	11	theme	high-glucose	722:733	arg1	stimuli					735:741	high-glucose stimuli	722:741	high-glucose stimuli	722:741	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	4	12	from	background	856:865	arg1	IBW					818:820	IBW	818:820	IBW: 2.5g	818:826	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	12	from	background	856:865	arg1	groups					810:815	triplicate groups	799:815	triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background	799:865	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	7	13	theme	higher	1453:1458	arg1	absorption					1460:1469	higher absorption	1453:1469	higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut	1453:1506	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	9	14	theme	glucose	1760:1766	arg1	stimuli					1768:1774	the early glucose stimuli	1750:1774	the early glucose stimuli	1750:1774	Our metabolic data suggests that the early glucose stimuli may alter carbohydrate utilization in seabream juveniles.
27475301	4	15	dep	low-carbohydrate	899:914	arg1	%					920:920	2.0%	917:920	2.0%	917:920	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	15	dep	low-carbohydrate	899:914	arg1	%					896:896	59.4%	892:896	59.4%	892:896	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	16	theme	fish	839:842	arg1	background					856:865	each fish nutritional background	834:865	each fish nutritional background	834:865	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	1	17	theme	programming	200:210	arg1	concept					177:183	The concept	173:183	The concept of nutritional programming	173:210	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	7	18	theme	amino	1566:1570	arg1	use					1577:1579	amino acid use	1566:1579	amino acid use	1566:1579	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	9	19	theme	carbohydrate	1786:1797	arg1	utilization					1799:1809	carbohydrate utilization	1786:1809	carbohydrate utilization	1786:1809	Our metabolic data suggests that the early glucose stimuli may alter carbohydrate utilization in seabream juveniles.
27475301	0	20	theme	carbohydrate	54:65	arg1	pathway					77:83	the carbohydrate metabolic pathway	50:83	the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	50:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	1	21	theme	seabream	294:301	arg1	juveniles					303:311	gilthead seabream juveniles	285:311	gilthead seabream juveniles	285:311	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	5	22	theme	feed	1131:1134	arg1	intake					1136:1141	feed intake	1131:1141	feed intake	1131:1141	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	7	23	theme	acids	1403:1407	arg1	tracers					1409:1415	(14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1374:1415	(14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1374:1415	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	0	24	theme	gilthead	88:95	arg1	seabream					97:104	gilthead seabream	88:104	gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	88:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	0	24	theme	gilthead	88:95	arg1	aurata					114:119	Sparus aurata	107:119	Sparus aurata	107:119	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	4	25	dep	low-protein	956:966	arg1	high-carbohydrate					976:992	high-carbohydrate	976:992	high-carbohydrate	976:992	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	25	dep	low-protein	956:966	arg1	%					999:999	33.0%	995:999	33.0%	995:999	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	25	dep	low-protein	956:966	arg1	%					973:973	43.0%	969:973	43.0%	969:973	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	7	26	theme	enhanced	1523:1530	arg1	digestion					1532:1540	an enhanced digestion	1520:1540	an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates	1520:1557	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	2	27	theme	gene	482:485	arg1	expression					487:496	gene expression	482:496	gene expression	482:496	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	2	28	theme	high-glucose	351:362	arg1	stimuli					364:370	high-glucose stimuli	351:370	high-glucose stimuli	351:370	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	0	29	theme	Dietary	0:6	arg1	stimulus					16:23	Dietary glucose stimulus	0:23	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage	0:39	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	8	30	theme	proteins	1664:1671	arg1	synthesis					1643:1651	de novo synthesis	1635:1651	de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05)	1635:1714	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	5	31	theme	nutrient	1173:1180	arg1	retention					1182:1190	nutrient retention	1173:1190	nutrient retention (except lipids)	1173:1206	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	2	32	theme	larval	388:393	arg1	stage					395:399	the larval stage	384:399	the larval stage	384:399	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	5	33	theme	8-fold	1072:1077	arg1	weight					1098:1103	8-fold their initial body weight	1072:1103	8-fold their initial body weight	1072:1103	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	2	34	theme	nutrient	429:436	arg1	digestibility					438:450	nutrient digestibility	429:450	nutrient digestibility	429:450	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	0	35	theme	larval	28:33	arg1	stage					35:39	larval stage	28:39	larval stage	28:39	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	1	36	theme	dietary	260:266	arg1	carbohydrates					268:280	dietary carbohydrates	260:280	dietary carbohydrates	260:280	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	4	37	theme	juvenile	783:790	arg1	stage					792:796	juvenile stage	783:796	juvenile stage	783:796	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	5	38	theme	growth	1118:1123	arg1	rate					1125:1128	growth rate	1118:1128	growth rate	1118:1128	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	4	39	theme	low-protein	956:966	arg1	challenge					1010:1018	a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge	954:1018	a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days	954:1030	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	3	40	theme	feeding	662:668	arg1	regime					670:675	a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime	641:675	a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime	641:675	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	8	41	theme	muscle	1677:1682	arg1	glycogen					1684:1691	muscle glycogen	1677:1691	muscle glycogen	1677:1691	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	5	42	theme	initial	1085:1091	arg1	weight					1098:1103	8-fold their initial body weight	1072:1103	8-fold their initial body weight	1072:1103	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	1	43	from	use	253:255	arg1	juveniles					303:311	gilthead seabream juveniles	285:311	gilthead seabream juveniles	285:311	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	5	44	theme	early	1266:1270	arg1	history					1284:1290	fish early nutritional history	1261:1290	fish early nutritional history	1261:1290	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	7	45	theme	starch-derived	1474:1487	arg1	glucose					1489:1495	starch-derived glucose	1474:1495	starch-derived glucose	1474:1495	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	4	46	theme	triplicate	799:808	arg1	IBW					818:820	IBW	818:820	IBW: 2.5g	818:826	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	46	theme	triplicate	799:808	arg1	groups					810:815	triplicate groups	799:815	triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background	799:865	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	2	47	from	effects	340:346	arg1	performance					416:426	the growth performance	405:426	the growth performance	405:426	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	2	47	from	effects	340:346	arg1	digestibility					438:450	nutrient digestibility	429:450	nutrient digestibility	429:450	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	2	47	from	effects	340:346	arg1	utilization					466:476	metabolic utilization	456:476	metabolic utilization	456:476	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	4	48	theme	nutritional	844:854	arg1	background					856:865	each fish nutritional background	834:865	each fish nutritional background	834:865	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	4	49	theme	dietary	1002:1008	arg1	challenge					1010:1018	a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge	954:1018	a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days	954:1030	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	3	50	theme	early	572:576	arg1	development					578:588	early development	572:588	early development	572:588	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	2	51	theme	seabream	501:508	arg1	performance					416:426	the growth performance	405:426	the growth performance	405:426	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	2	51	theme	seabream	501:508	arg1	digestibility					438:450	nutrient digestibility	429:450	nutrient digestibility	429:450	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	2	51	theme	seabream	501:508	arg1	utilization					466:476	metabolic utilization	456:476	metabolic utilization	456:476	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	2	51	theme	seabream	501:508	arg1	expression					487:496	gene expression	482:496	gene expression	482:496	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	9	52	theme	early	1754:1758	arg1	stimuli					1768:1774	the early glucose stimuli	1750:1774	the early glucose stimuli	1750:1774	Our metabolic data suggests that the early glucose stimuli may alter carbohydrate utilization in seabream juveniles.
27475301	0	53	theme	in	136:137	arg1	approach					144:151	An in vivo approach	133:151	gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	88:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	7	54	theme	GLU	1432:1434	arg1	juveniles					1436:1444	GLU juveniles	1432:1444	GLU juveniles	1432:1444	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	2	55	theme	high-carbohydrate	539:555	arg1	intake					557:562	a high-carbohydrate intake	537:562	a high-carbohydrate intake	537:562	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	0	56	dep	in	136:137	arg1	vivo					139:142	vivo	139:142	vivo	139:142	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	5	57	theme	protein	1153:1159	arg1	efficiency					1161:1170	protein efficiency	1153:1170	protein efficiency	1153:1170	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	0	58	theme	metabolic	67:75	arg1	pathway					77:83	the carbohydrate metabolic pathway	50:83	the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	50:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	7	59	theme	acid	1572:1575	arg1	use					1577:1579	amino acid use	1566:1579	amino acid use	1566:1579	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	7	60	theme	tracers	1409:1415	arg1	fate					1366:1369	The metabolic fate	1352:1369	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1352:1415	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	2	61	theme	metabolic	456:464	arg1	utilization					466:476	metabolic utilization	456:476	metabolic utilization	456:476	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	7	62	link	starch-derived	1474:1487	arg1	glucose					1489:1495	starch-derived glucose	1474:1495	starch-derived glucose	1474:1495	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	2	63	dep	performance	416:426	arg1	juveniles					510:518	juveniles	510:518	juveniles	510:518	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	7	64	theme	C-amino	1395:1401	arg1	tracers					1409:1415	(14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1374:1415	(14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1374:1415	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	4	65	theme	low-carbohydrate	899:914	arg1	diet					923:926	a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet	876:926	a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet	876:926	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	9	66	theme	seabream	1814:1821	arg1	juveniles					1823:1831	seabream juveniles	1814:1831	seabream juveniles	1814:1831	Our metabolic data suggests that the early glucose stimuli may alter carbohydrate utilization in seabream juveniles.
27475301	7	67	theme	carbohydrates	1545:1557	arg1	digestion					1532:1540	an enhanced digestion	1520:1540	an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates	1520:1557	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	0	68	theme	Sparus	107:112	arg1	seabream					97:104	gilthead seabream	88:104	gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	88:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	0	68	theme	Sparus	107:112	arg1	aurata					114:119	Sparus aurata	107:119	Sparus aurata	107:119	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	7	69	from	absorption	1460:1469	arg1	gut					1504:1506	the gut	1500:1506	the gut	1500:1506	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	8	70	theme	de	1635:1636	arg1	synthesis					1643:1651	de novo synthesis	1635:1651	de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05)	1635:1714	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	0	71	dep	seabream	97:104	arg1	juveniles					122:130	juveniles	122:130	gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	88:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	0	71	dep	seabream	97:104	arg1	approach					144:151	An in vivo approach	133:151	gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch	88:170	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	0	72	from	stage	35:39	arg1	stimulus					16:23	Dietary glucose stimulus	0:23	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage	0:39	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	8	73	used	used	1626:1629	arg2	glucose					1609:1615	glucose	1609:1615	glucose	1609:1615	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	2	74	theme	stimuli	364:370	arg1	effects					340:346	the long-term effects	326:346	the long-term effects	326:346	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	0	75	theme	glucose	8:14	arg1	stimulus					16:23	Dietary glucose stimulus	0:23	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage	0:39	Dietary glucose stimulus at larval stage modifies the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles: An in vivo approach using (14)C-starch.
27475301	6	76	theme	Nutrient	1293:1300	arg1	digestibility					1302:1314	Nutrient digestibility	1293:1314	Nutrient digestibility	1293:1314	Nutrient digestibility was also similar among both groups.
27475301	8	77	theme	hepatic	1656:1662	arg1	proteins					1664:1671	hepatic proteins	1656:1671	hepatic proteins	1656:1671	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	5	78	dep	affected	1240:1247	arg1	P˃0.05					1250:1255	P˃0.05	1250:1255	P˃0.05	1250:1255	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	3	79	theme	larvae	602:607	arg1	control					610:616	control	610:616	control	610:616	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	3	79	theme	larvae	602:607	arg1	larvae					602:607	larvae	602:607	larvae (control, CTRL)	602:623	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	3	79	theme	larvae	602:607	arg1	group					593:597	a group	591:597	a group of larvae (control, CTRL)	591:623	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	3	80	dep	control	610:616	arg1	CTRL					619:622	CTRL	619:622	CTRL	619:622	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	4	81	dep	IBW	818:820	arg1	2.5g					823:826	2.5g	823:826	IBW: 2.5g	818:826	At juvenile stage, triplicate groups (IBW: 2.5g) from each fish nutritional background were fed a high-protein (59.4%) low-carbohydrate (2.0%) diet before being subjected to a low-protein (43.0%) high-carbohydrate (33.0%) dietary challenge for 36-days.
27475301	1	82	theme	carbohydrates	268:280	arg1	use					253:255	the use	249:255	the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles	249:311	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	7	83	theme	C-starch	1378:1385	arg1	tracers					1409:1415	(14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1374:1415	(14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers	1374:1415	The metabolic fate of (14)C-starch and (14)C-amino acids tracers was estimated; GLU juveniles showed higher absorption of starch-derived glucose in the gut, suggesting an enhanced digestion of carbohydrates, while amino acid use was not affected.
27475301	2	84	theme	growth	409:414	arg1	performance					416:426	the growth performance	405:426	the growth performance	405:426	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
27475301	8	85	from	fish	1702:1705	arg1	synthesis					1643:1651	de novo synthesis	1635:1651	de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05)	1635:1714	Moreover, glucose was less used for de novo synthesis of hepatic proteins and muscle glycogen from GLU fish (P<0.05).
27475301	1	86	theme	gilthead	285:292	arg1	seabream					294:301	gilthead seabream	285:301	gilthead seabream juveniles	285:311	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	5	87	theme	whole-body	1212:1221	arg1	composition					1223:1233	whole-body composition	1212:1233	whole-body composition	1212:1233	Fish from both treatments increased by 8-fold their initial body weight, but neither growth rate, feed intake, feed and protein efficiency, nutrient retention (except lipids) nor whole-body composition were affected (P˃0.05) by fish early nutritional history.
27475301	1	88	theme	nutritional	188:198	arg1	programming					200:210	nutritional programming	188:210	nutritional programming	188:210	The concept of nutritional programming was investigated in order to enhance the use of dietary carbohydrates in gilthead seabream juveniles.
27475301	3	89	theme	rich-protein-lipid	643:660	arg1	regime					670:675	a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime	641:675	a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime	641:675	During early development, a group of larvae (control, CTRL) were kept under a rich-protein-lipid feeding regime whereas another group (GLU) was subjected to high-glucose stimuli, delivered intermittently over time.
27475301	2	90	theme	long-term	330:338	arg1	effects					340:346	the long-term effects	326:346	the long-term effects	326:346	We assessed the long-term effects of high-glucose stimuli, exerted at the larval stage, on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and metabolic utilization and gene expression of seabream juveniles, challenged with a high-carbohydrate intake.
26596703	9	0	theme	melanocortin	1553:1564	arg1	receptor					1566:1573	melanocortin receptor 4	1553:1575	melanocortin receptor 4	1553:1575	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	2	1	theme	sucrose-sweetened	331:347	arg1	water					349:353	sucrose-sweetened water	331:353	sucrose-sweetened water (SSW)	331:359	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	2	1	theme	sucrose-sweetened	331:347	arg1	SSW					356:358	SSW	356:358	SSW	356:358	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	11	2	theme	metabolic	2070:2078	arg1	consequences					2080:2091	adverse metabolic consequences	2062:2091	adverse metabolic consequences	2062:2091	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	8	3	theme	OP/SSW	1404:1409	arg1	mice					1411:1414	OP/SSW mice	1404:1414	OP/SSW mice	1404:1414	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	8	4	theme	OR/SSW	1383:1388	arg1	mice					1390:1393	OR/SSW mice	1383:1393	OR/SSW mice	1383:1393	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	11	5	theme	sucrose	1934:1940	arg1	solution					1942:1949	a sucrose solution	1932:1949	a sucrose solution	1932:1949	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	2	6	theme	high-fat	260:267	arg1	diet					282:285	a high-fat high-sucrose diet	258:285	a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS)	258:292	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	2	6	theme	high-fat	260:267	arg1	HFHS					288:291	HFHS	288:291	HFHS	288:291	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	4	7	dep	water	913:917	arg1	iii					908:910	iii	908:910	iii	908:910	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	3	8	theme	upper	502:506	arg1	quartile					508:515	upper quartile	502:515	upper quartile of body weight gain	502:535	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	8	theme	upper	502:506	arg1	5.2±0.1g					538:545	5.2±0.1g	538:545	5.2±0.1g	538:545	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	8	theme	upper	502:506	arg1	n=45					548:551	n=45	548:551	n=45	548:551	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	10	9	contain	had	1828:1830	arg2	response					1871:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response	1832:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution	1832:1900	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	10	9	contain	had	1828:1830	arg1	mice					1823:1826	OP mice	1820:1826	OP mice	1820:1826	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	6	10	theme	OP/water	1224:1231	arg1	mice					1233:1236	OP/water mice	1224:1236	OP/water mice	1224:1236	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	7	11	theme	OP/SSW-water	1352:1363	arg1	mice					1365:1368	OP/SSW-water mice	1352:1368	OP/SSW-water mice	1352:1368	These effects were fully reversed in OP/SSW-water mice.
26596703	9	12	theme	delta	1625:1629	arg1	receptor					1638:1645	delta opioid receptor	1625:1645	delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1625:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	4	13	dep	water	757:761	arg1	ii					753:754	ii	753:754	ii	753:754	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	3	14	theme	weight	525:530	arg1	gain					532:535	body weight gain	520:535	body weight gain	520:535	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	8	15	theme	CCK	1443:1445	arg1	response					1447:1454	CCK response	1443:1454	CCK response	1443:1454	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	9	16	theme	receptor	1638:1645	arg1	expression					1611:1620	increased expression	1601:1620	increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1601:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	16	theme	receptor	1638:1645	arg1	expression					1539:1548	a decreased expression	1527:1548	a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus	1527:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	4	17	theme	OP	594:595	arg1	mice					604:607	OP and OR mice	594:607	mice	604:607	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	1	18	theme	sugar-sweetened	125:139	arg1	beverages					141:149	sugar-sweetened beverages	125:149	sugar-sweetened beverages	125:149	Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with overweight and obesity.
26596703	10	19	theme	OP	1820:1821	arg1	mice					1823:1826	OP mice	1820:1826	OP mice	1820:1826	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	4	20	theme	OR	601:602	arg1	mice					604:607	OP and OR mice	594:607	mice	604:607	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	6	21	theme	insulin	1295:1301	arg1	resistance					1303:1312	insulin resistance	1295:1312	insulin resistance	1295:1312	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	8	22	theme	liquid	1461:1466	arg1	meal					1468:1471	a liquid meal	1459:1471	a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water	1459:1508	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	4	23	theme	%	776:776	arg1	SSW					767:769	SSW	767:769	SSW (12.6% w/v)	767:781	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	23	theme	%	776:776	arg1	w/v					778:780	12.6% w/v	772:780	12.6% w/v	772:780	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	10	24	theme	opioidergic	1859:1869	arg1	response					1871:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response	1832:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution	1832:1900	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	4	25	contain	had	657:659	arg1	subgroups					642:650	3 subgroups	640:650	3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water)	640:996	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	25	contain	had	657:659	arg2	access					661:666	access	661:666	access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water)	661:996	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	3	26	dep	OP	498:499	arg1	quartile					508:515	upper quartile	502:515	upper quartile of body weight gain	502:535	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	26	dep	OP	498:499	arg1	5.2±0.1g					538:545	5.2±0.1g	538:545	5.2±0.1g	538:545	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	26	dep	OP	498:499	arg1	n=45					548:551	n=45	548:551	n=45	548:551	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	10	27	theme	dopaminergic	1842:1853	arg1	response					1871:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response	1832:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution	1832:1900	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	8	28	contain	had	1417:1419	arg1	mice					1411:1414	OP/SSW mice	1404:1414	OP/SSW mice	1404:1414	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	8	28	contain	had	1417:1419	arg1	mice					1390:1393	OR/SSW mice	1383:1393	OR/SSW mice	1383:1393	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	8	28	contain	had	1417:1419	arg2	increase					1424:1431	an increase GLP-1 and CCK response	1421:1454	increase	1424:1431	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	8	28	contain	had	1417:1419	arg2	response					1447:1454	CCK response	1443:1454	CCK response	1443:1454	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	8	29	dep	increase	1424:1431	arg1	GLP-1					1433:1437	GLP-1	1433:1437	GLP-1	1433:1437	In the gut, OR/SSW mice, but not OP/SSW mice, had an increase GLP-1 and CCK response to a liquid meal compared to mice drinking only water.
26596703	0	30	theme	obesity-resistant	86:102	arg1	mice					104:107	obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice	64:107	obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice	64:107	Intermittent access to a sucrose solution impairs metabolism in obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice.
26596703	11	31	theme	brain	2006:2010	arg1	signaling					2012:2020	the gut and brain signaling	1994:2020	signaling	2012:2020	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	11	32	from	consequences	2080:2091	arg1	mice					2101:2104	mice	2101:2104	mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity	2101:2134	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	4	33	dep	days/week	874:882	arg1	OR/SSW					896:901	OR/SSW	896:901	OR/SSW	896:901	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	33	dep	days/week	874:882	arg1	OP/SSW					885:890	OP/SSW	885:890	OP/SSW	885:890	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	6	34	from	increase	1249:1256	arg1	triglycerides					1267:1279	liver triglycerides	1261:1279	liver triglycerides	1261:1279	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	11	35	theme	energy	2044:2049	arg1	intake					2051:2056	increased energy intake	2034:2056	increased energy intake	2034:2056	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	0	36	theme	Intermittent	0:11	arg1	access					13:18	Intermittent access	0:18	Intermittent access to a sucrose solution	0:40	Intermittent access to a sucrose solution impairs metabolism in obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice.
26596703	9	37	from	accumbens	1662:1670	arg1	expression					1611:1620	increased expression	1601:1620	increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1601:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	37	from	accumbens	1662:1670	arg1	expression					1539:1548	a decreased expression	1527:1548	a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus	1527:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	11	38	from	intake	2051:2056	arg1	mice					2101:2104	mice	2101:2104	mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity	2101:2134	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	4	39	theme	available	784:792	arg1	SSW					767:769	SSW	767:769	SSW (12.6% w/v)	767:781	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	39	theme	available	784:792	arg1	w/v					778:780	12.6% w/v	772:780	12.6% w/v	772:780	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	3	40	theme	libitum	414:420	arg1	access					422:427	ad libitum access	411:427	ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day)	411:455	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	0	41	theme	sucrose	25:31	arg1	solution					33:40	a sucrose solution	23:40	a sucrose solution	23:40	Intermittent access to a sucrose solution impairs metabolism in obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice.
26596703	9	42	from	receptor	1638:1645	arg1	accumbens					1662:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	43	theme	OP/SSW	1511:1516	arg1	mice					1518:1521	OP/SSW mice	1511:1521	OP/SSW mice	1511:1521	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	44	contain	had	1523:1525	arg2	expression					1611:1620	increased expression	1601:1620	increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1601:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	44	contain	had	1523:1525	arg2	expression					1539:1548	a decreased expression	1527:1548	a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus	1527:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	44	contain	had	1523:1525	arg1	mice					1518:1521	OP/SSW mice	1511:1521	OP/SSW mice	1511:1521	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	5	45	theme	energy	1124:1129	arg1	intake					1131:1136	total energy intake	1118:1136	total energy intake	1118:1136	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	3	46	theme	HFHS	436:439	arg1	7.5h/day					447:454	7.5h/day	447:454	7.5h/day	447:454	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	46	theme	HFHS	436:439	arg1	diet					441:444	the HFHS diet	432:444	the HFHS diet (7.5h/day)	432:455	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	6	47	theme	fat	1210:1212	arg1	mass					1214:1217	fat mass	1210:1217	fat mass	1210:1217	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	11	48	theme	gut	1998:2000	arg1	signaling					2012:2020	the gut and brain signaling	1994:2020	signaling	2012:2020	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	9	49	theme	decreased	1529:1537	arg1	expression					1539:1548	a decreased expression	1527:1548	a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus	1527:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	3	50	theme	lower	561:565	arg1	n=45					587:590	n=45	587:590	n=45	587:590	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	50	theme	lower	561:565	arg1	3.2±0.1g					577:584	3.2±0.1g	577:584	3.2±0.1g	577:584	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	50	theme	lower	561:565	arg1	quartile					567:574	lower quartile	561:574	lower quartile	561:574	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	2	51	theme	water	349:353	arg1	consumption					316:326	consumption	316:326	consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW)	316:359	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	6	52	theme	more	1189:1192	arg1	weight					1199:1204	more body weight	1189:1204	more body weight	1189:1204	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	9	53	theme	receptor	1566:1573	arg1	expression					1611:1620	increased expression	1601:1620	increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1601:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	53	theme	receptor	1566:1573	arg1	expression					1539:1548	a decreased expression	1527:1548	a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus	1527:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	11	54	from	changes	1983:1989	arg1	signaling					2012:2020	the gut and brain signaling	1994:2020	signaling	2012:2020	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	2	55	theme	high-sucrose	269:280	arg1	diet					282:285	a high-fat high-sucrose diet	258:285	a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS)	258:292	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	2	55	theme	high-sucrose	269:280	arg1	HFHS					288:291	HFHS	288:291	HFHS	288:291	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	10	56	theme	sucrose	1779:1785	arg1	solution					1787:1794	the sucrose solution	1775:1794	the sucrose solution	1775:1794	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	9	57	from	expression	1539:1548	arg1	hypothalamus					1584:1595	the hypothalamus	1580:1595	the hypothalamus	1580:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	57	from	expression	1539:1548	arg1	accumbens					1662:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	58	theme	increased	1601:1609	arg1	expression					1611:1620	increased expression	1601:1620	increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1601:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	5	59	theme	OP/water	1150:1157	arg1	mice					1159:1162	OP/water mice	1150:1162	OP/water mice	1150:1162	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	3	60	theme	body	520:523	arg1	gain					532:535	body weight gain	520:535	body weight gain	520:535	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	10	61	theme	increased	1832:1840	arg1	response					1871:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response	1832:1878	increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution	1832:1900	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	2	62	theme	obesity-prone	230:242	arg1	mice					249:252	obesity-prone (OP) mice	230:252	obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS)	230:292	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	9	63	from	expression	1611:1620	arg1	hypothalamus					1584:1595	the hypothalamus	1580:1595	the hypothalamus	1580:1595	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	9	63	from	expression	1611:1620	arg1	accumbens					1662:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	11	64	from	access	1922:1927	arg1	mice					1954:1957	mice	1954:1957	mice fed a HFHS diet	1954:1973	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	10	65	theme	sucrose	1885:1891	arg1	solution					1893:1900	a sucrose solution	1883:1900	a sucrose solution	1883:1900	When access to the sucrose solution was removed for 8weeks, OP mice had increased dopaminergic and opioidergic response to a sucrose solution.
26596703	1	66	theme	beverages	141:149	arg1	Consumption					110:120	Consumption	110:120	Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages	110:149	Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with overweight and obesity.
26596703	9	67	theme	nucleus	1654:1660	arg1	accumbens					1662:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	the nucleus accumbens	1650:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	5	68	theme	food	1027:1030	arg1	intake					1032:1037	their food intake	1021:1037	their food intake	1021:1037	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	3	69	theme	ad	411:412	arg1	access					422:427	ad libitum access	411:427	ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day)	411:455	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	0	70	theme	obesity-prone	64:76	arg1	mice					104:107	obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice	64:107	obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice	64:107	Intermittent access to a sucrose solution impairs metabolism in obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice.
26596703	3	71	theme	gain	532:535	arg1	quartile					508:515	upper quartile	502:515	upper quartile of body weight gain	502:535	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	71	theme	gain	532:535	arg1	5.2±0.1g					538:545	5.2±0.1g	538:545	5.2±0.1g	538:545	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	71	theme	gain	532:535	arg1	n=45					548:551	n=45	548:551	n=45	548:551	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	11	72	theme	HFHS-induced	2115:2126	arg1	obesity					2128:2134	HFHS-induced obesity	2115:2134	HFHS-induced obesity	2115:2134	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	6	73	theme	liver	1261:1265	arg1	triglycerides					1267:1279	liver triglycerides	1261:1279	liver triglycerides	1261:1279	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	11	74	theme	prone	2106:2110	arg1	mice					2101:2104	mice	2101:2104	mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity	2101:2134	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	9	75	theme	OP/water	1684:1691	arg1	mice					1693:1696	OP/water mice	1684:1696	OP/water mice	1684:1696	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	5	76	theme	OR/SSW	999:1004	arg1	mice					1006:1009	OR/SSW mice	999:1009	OR/SSW mice	999:1009	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	11	77	theme	intermittent	1909:1920	arg1	access					1922:1927	intermittent access	1909:1927	intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet	1909:1973	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	0	78	from	metabolism	50:59	arg1	mice					104:107	obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice	64:107	obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice	64:107	Intermittent access to a sucrose solution impairs metabolism in obesity-prone but not obesity-resistant mice.
26596703	9	79	from	hyperphagia	1733:1743	arg1	mice					1754:1757	these mice	1748:1757	these mice	1748:1757	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	5	80	from	increase	1097:1104	arg1	intake					1131:1136	total energy intake	1118:1136	total energy intake	1118:1136	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	5	80	from	increase	1097:1104	arg1	food					1109:1112	food	1109:1112	food	1109:1112	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	11	81	theme	increased	2034:2042	arg1	intake					2051:2056	increased energy intake	2034:2056	increased energy intake	2034:2056	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	5	82	theme	OP/SSW	1072:1077	arg1	mice					1079:1082	OP/SSW mice	1072:1082	OP/SSW mice	1072:1082	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	2	83	theme	obesity-resistant	366:382	arg1	mice					389:392	obesity-resistant (OR) mice	366:392	obesity-resistant (OR) mice	366:392	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	2	83	theme	obesity-resistant	366:382	arg1	OR					385:386	OR	385:386	OR	385:386	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	11	84	theme	adverse	2062:2068	arg1	consequences					2080:2091	adverse metabolic consequences	2062:2091	adverse metabolic consequences	2062:2091	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	2	85	theme	OP	245:246	arg1	mice					249:252	obesity-prone (OP) mice	230:252	obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS)	230:292	In this study, we hypothesized that obesity-prone (OP) mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS) are more sensitive to consumption of sucrose-sweetened water (SSW) than obesity-resistant (OR) mice.
26596703	5	86	theme	OR/water	1051:1058	arg1	mice					1060:1063	OR/water mice	1051:1063	OR/water mice	1051:1063	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	4	87	dep	water	722:726	arg1	OR/water					742:749	OR/water	742:749	OR/water	742:749	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	87	dep	water	722:726	arg1	OP/water					729:736	OP/water	729:736	OP/water	729:736	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	11	88	theme	HFHS	1965:1968	arg1	diet					1970:1973	a HFHS diet	1963:1973	a HFHS diet	1963:1973	Thus, intermittent access to a sucrose solution in mice fed a HFHS diet induces changes in the gut and brain signaling, leading to increased energy intake and adverse metabolic consequences only in mice prone to HFHS-induced obesity.
26596703	3	89	theme	access	422:427	arg1	3weeks					401:406	3weeks	401:406	3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day)	401:455	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	6	90	theme	OP/SSW	1165:1170	arg1	mice					1172:1175	OP/SSW mice	1165:1175	OP/SSW mice	1165:1175	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	5	91	theme	total	1118:1122	arg1	intake					1131:1136	total energy intake	1118:1136	total energy intake	1118:1136	OR/SSW mice decreased their food intake compared to OR/water mice, while OP/SSW mice exhibited an increase in food and total energy intake compared to OP/water mice.
26596703	4	92	dep	8weeks	959:964	arg1	OP/SSW-water					967:978	OP/SSW-water	967:978	OP/SSW-water	967:978	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	92	dep	8weeks	959:964	arg1	8weeks					959:964	8weeks	959:964	8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water)	959:996	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	4	92	dep	8weeks	959:964	arg1	OR/SSW-water					984:995	OR/SSW-water	984:995	OR/SSW-water	984:995	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	9	93	theme	opioid	1631:1636	arg1	receptor					1638:1645	delta opioid receptor	1625:1645	delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens	1625:1670	OP/SSW mice had a decreased expression of melanocortin receptor 4 in the hypothalamus and increased expression of delta opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens compared to OP/water mice when fasted that could explain the hyperphagia in these mice.
26596703	4	94	theme	randomly-chosen	858:872	arg1	days/week					874:882	5 randomly-chosen days/week	856:882	5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW)	856:902	OP and OR mice were subsequently divided into 3 subgroups that had access to HFHS (7.5h/day) for 16weeks, supplemented with: i) water (OP/water and OR/water); ii) water and SSW (12.6% w/v), available for 2h/day randomly when access to HFHS was available and for 5 randomly-chosen days/week (OP/SSW and OR/SSW); or iii) water and SSW for 8weeks, then only water for 8weeks (OP/SSW-water and OR/SSW-water).
26596703	3	95	theme	male	462:465	arg1	OP					498:499	OP	498:499	OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45)	498:552	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	95	theme	male	462:465	arg1	mice					467:470	180 male mice	458:470	180 male mice	458:470	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	95	theme	male	462:465	arg1	OR					557:558	OR	557:558	OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45)	557:591	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	6	96	theme	body	1194:1197	arg1	weight					1199:1204	more body weight	1189:1204	more body weight	1189:1204	OP/SSW mice also gained more body weight and fat mass than OP/water mice, showed an increase in liver triglycerides and developed insulin resistance.
26596703	3	97	dep	OR	557:558	arg1	n=45					587:590	n=45	587:590	n=45	587:590	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	97	dep	OR	557:558	arg1	3.2±0.1g					577:584	3.2±0.1g	577:584	3.2±0.1g	577:584	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
26596703	3	97	dep	OR	557:558	arg1	quartile					567:574	lower quartile	561:574	lower quartile	561:574	After 3weeks of ad libitum access to the HFHS diet (7.5h/day), 180 male mice were classified as either OP (upper quartile of body weight gain, 5.2±0.1g, n=45) or OR (lower quartile, 3.2±0.1g, n=45).
29290438	11	0	theme	TDM	2503:2505	arg1	yield					2512:2516	TDM milk yield	2503:2516	TDM milk yield	2503:2516	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	6	1	dep	close	1431:1435	arg1	correlations					1459:1470	within-trait genetic correlations	1438:1470	within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80	1438:1518	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	2	2	theme	responses	725:733	arg1	predictors					700:709	predictors	700:709	predictors of milk yield responses to ODM	700:740	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	5	3	theme	ODM	1123:1125	arg1	period					1127:1132	3-wk ODM period	1118:1132	3-wk ODM period	1118:1132	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	9	4	theme	composition	1913:1923	arg1	predictors					1995:2004	predictors	1995:2004	predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	1995:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	9	4	theme	composition	1913:1923	arg1	responses					1940:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses	1894:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM	1894:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	3	5	theme	Normande	825:832	arg1	cows					834:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	8	6	theme	Milk	1774:1777	arg1	kg/d					1795:1798	kg/d	1795:1798	kg/d	1795:1798	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	8	6	theme	Milk	1774:1777	arg1	recovery					1785:1792	Milk yield recovery	1774:1792	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM	1774:1817	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	8	6	theme	Milk	1774:1777	arg1	trait					1825:1829	a trait	1823:1829	a trait of high heritability	1823:1850	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	3	7	used	used	795:798	arg2	trial					789:793	Our trial	785:793	Our trial	785:793	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	2	8	theme	milk	714:717	arg1	yield					719:723	milk yield	714:723	milk yield responses to ODM	714:740	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	9	9	theme	milk	1929:1932	arg1	yield					1934:1938	milk yield	1929:1938	milk yield	1929:1938	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	3	10	theme	TDM	923:925	arg1	wk					917:918	2 wk	915:918	2 wk of TDM	915:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	10	theme	TDM	923:925	arg1	wk					900:901	3 wk	898:901	3 wk of ODM	898:908	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	10	theme	TDM	923:925	arg1	wk					877:878	1 wk	875:878	1 wk of TDM (control)	875:895	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	10	theme	TDM	923:925	arg1	periods					866:872	3 successive periods	853:872	3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM	853:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	6	11	dep	correlations	1459:1470	arg1	all					1501:1503	all	1501:1503	all	1501:1503	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	3	12	theme	Holstein	814:821	arg1	cows					834:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	11	13	theme	term	2489:2492	arg1	ODM					2494:2496	longer term ODM	2482:2496	longer term ODM than TDM milk yield	2482:2516	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	6	14	theme	genetic	1451:1457	arg1	correlations					1459:1470	within-trait genetic correlations	1438:1470	within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80	1438:1518	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	5	15	theme	control	1099:1105	arg1	period					1107:1112	the TDM control period	1091:1112	the TDM control period	1091:1112	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	3	16	dep	periods	866:872	arg1	wk					917:918	2 wk	915:918	2 wk of TDM	915:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	16	dep	periods	866:872	arg1	wk					900:901	3 wk	898:901	3 wk of ODM	898:908	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	16	dep	periods	866:872	arg1	wk					877:878	1 wk	875:878	1 wk of TDM (control)	875:895	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	16	dep	periods	866:872	arg1	periods					866:872	3 successive periods	853:872	3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM	853:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	2	17	theme	milk	612:615	arg1	yield					617:621	milk yield	612:621	milk yield	612:621	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	11	18	theme	longer	2482:2487	arg1	ODM					2494:2496	longer term ODM	2482:2496	longer term ODM than TDM milk yield	2482:2516	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	5	19	theme	milk	1278:1281	arg1	content					1291:1297	milk lactose content	1278:1297	milk lactose content	1278:1297	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	6	20	theme	within-trait	1438:1449	arg1	correlations					1459:1470	within-trait genetic correlations	1438:1470	within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80	1438:1518	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	11	21	theme	milk	2458:2461	arg1	yield					2463:2467	milk yield	2458:2467	milk yield responses	2458:2477	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	11	22	theme	0.98	2298:2301	arg1	correlations					2282:2293	genetic correlations	2274:2293	genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2274:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	0	23	theme	Holstein	107:114	arg1	cows					133:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	7	24	theme	loss	1613:1616	arg1	Heritabilities					1584:1597	Heritabilities	1584:1597	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively)	1584:1716	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	0	25	theme	Normande	118:125	arg1	cows					133:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	9	26	theme	ODM	1970:1972	arg1	day					1963:1965	the first day	1953:1965	the first day of ODM	1953:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	1	27	theme	yield	195:199	arg1	responses					201:209	cows' milk yield responses	184:209	cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM)	184:237	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	7	28	theme	milk	1602:1605	arg1	yield					1607:1611	milk yield	1602:1611	milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively)	1602:1716	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	7	29	dep	ODM	1650:1652	arg1	0.39					1655:1658	0.39	1655:1658	0.39	1655:1658	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	7	29	dep	ODM	1650:1652	arg1	0.34					1664:1667	0.34	1664:1667	0.34	1664:1667	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	10	30	theme	yield	2203:2207	arg1	responses					2209:2217	milk yield responses	2198:2217	milk yield responses	2198:2217	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	2	31	theme	3-wk	480:483	arg1	period					489:494	a 3-wk ODM period	478:494	a 3-wk ODM period	478:494	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	2	32	theme	yield	570:574	arg1	responses					548:556	milk yield responses	537:556	milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM)	537:684	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	2	32	theme	yield	570:574	arg1	loss					576:579	milk yield loss	565:579	milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking	565:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	1	33	theme	short	363:367	arg1	periods					373:379	short ODM periods	363:379	short ODM periods	363:379	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	8	34	theme	heritability	1839:1850	arg1	recovery					1785:1792	Milk yield recovery	1774:1792	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM	1774:1817	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	8	34	theme	heritability	1839:1850	arg1	trait					1825:1829	a trait	1823:1829	a trait of high heritability	1823:1850	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	2	35	theme	ODM	604:606	arg1	recovery					623:630	ODM and milk yield recovery	604:630	ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking	604:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	6	36	theme	milking	1565:1571	arg1	frequency					1573:1581	the same milking frequency	1556:1581	the same milking frequency	1556:1581	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	11	37	from	losses	2386:2391	arg1	day					2406:2408	the first day	2396:2408	the first day of ODM	2396:2415	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	9	38	theme	milk	2009:2012	arg1	yield					2014:2018	milk yield	2009:2018	milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	2009:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	2	39	theme	ODM	780:782	arg1	day					773:775	the first day	763:775	the first day of ODM	763:782	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	0	40	theme	short	62:66	arg1	period					87:92	a short once-daily milking period	60:92	a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	60:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	9	41	theme	responses	2020:2028	arg1	predictors					1995:2004	predictors	1995:2004	predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	1995:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	9	41	theme	responses	2020:2028	arg1	responses					1940:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses	1894:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM	1894:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	7	42	from	loss	1684:1687	arg1	kg/d					1692:1695	kg/d	1692:1695	kg/d	1692:1695	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	7	42	from	loss	1684:1687	arg1	%					1701:1701	%	1701:1701	%	1701:1701	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	2	43	theme	milk	444:447	arg1	yield					449:453	milk yield	444:453	milk yield	444:453	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	6	44	theme	Milk	1355:1358	arg1	yield					1360:1364	Milk yield	1355:1364	Milk yield	1355:1364	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	5	45	theme	milk	1172:1175	arg1	yield					1177:1181	milk yield	1172:1181	milk yield	1172:1181	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	2	46	theme	yield	542:546	arg1	responses					548:556	milk yield responses	537:556	milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM)	537:684	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	2	46	theme	yield	542:546	arg1	loss					576:579	milk yield loss	565:579	milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking	565:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	10	47	theme	milk	2119:2122	arg1	yield					2124:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield	2099:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield	2099:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	0	48	theme	milking	79:85	arg1	period					87:92	a short once-daily milking period	60:92	a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	60:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	10	49	theme	Twice-daily	2099:2109	arg1	yield					2124:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield	2099:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield	2099:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	10	50	dep	correlated	2182:2191	arg1	enough					2235:2240	enough	2235:2240	enough	2235:2240	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	11	51	from	losses	2337:2342	arg1	%					2357:2357	%	2357:2357	%	2357:2357	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	11	51	from	losses	2337:2342	arg1	kg/d					2348:2351	kg/d	2348:2351	kg/d	2348:2351	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	5	52	theme	milk	1322:1325	arg1	content					1346:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	0	53	theme	Genetic	0:6	arg1	parameters					8:17	Genetic parameters	0:17	Genetic parameters of milk production	0:36	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	2	54	dep	loss	576:579	arg1	i.e.					559:562	i.e.	559:562	i.e.	559:562	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	2	54	dep	loss	576:579	arg1	TDM					681:683	TDM	681:683	TDM	681:683	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	11	55	with	correlations	2282:2293	arg1	losses					2337:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses	2317:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2317:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	9	56	theme	yield	1903:1907	arg1	predictors					1995:2004	predictors	1995:2004	predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	1995:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	9	56	theme	yield	1903:1907	arg1	responses					1940:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses	1894:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM	1894:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	6	57	theme	TDM	1402:1404	arg1	periods					1406:1412	3-wk ODM and TDM periods	1389:1412	periods	1406:1412	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	5	58	theme	fat	1207:1209	arg1	content					1211:1217	milk fat content	1202:1217	milk fat content	1202:1217	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	11	59	theme	3-wk	2317:2320	arg1	losses					2337:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses	2317:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2317:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	0	60	theme	production	27:36	arg1	parameters					8:17	Genetic parameters	0:17	Genetic parameters of milk production	0:36	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	1	61	theme	cow	261:263	arg1	responses					276:284	cow milk trait responses	261:284	cow milk trait responses to ODM	261:291	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	11	62	theme	yield	2380:2384	arg1	losses					2386:2391	milk yield losses	2375:2391	milk yield losses on the first day of ODM	2375:2415	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	11	63	theme	0.96	2307:2310	arg1	correlations					2282:2293	genetic correlations	2274:2293	genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2274:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	1	64	theme	trait	270:274	arg1	responses					276:284	cow milk trait responses	261:284	cow milk trait responses to ODM	261:291	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	10	65	theme	milk	2198:2201	arg1	yield					2203:2207	milk yield	2198:2207	milk yield responses	2198:2217	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	5	66	theme	TDM	1095:1097	arg1	period					1107:1112	the TDM control period	1091:1112	the TDM control period	1091:1112	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	2	67	dep	estimate	408:415	arg1	1					405:405	1	405:405	1	405:405	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	6	68	theme	experimental	1480:1491	arg1	periods					1493:1499	experimental periods	1480:1499	experimental periods	1480:1499	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	2	69	dep	seek	695:698	arg1	3					692:692	3	692:692	3	692:692	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	11	70	theme	milk	2326:2329	arg1	losses					2337:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses	2317:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2317:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	5	71	theme	cell	1335:1338	arg1	content					1346:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	1	72	theme	once-daily	214:223	arg1	ODM					234:236	ODM	234:236	ODM	234:236	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	1	72	theme	once-daily	214:223	arg1	milking					225:231	once-daily milking	214:231	once-daily milking (ODM)	214:237	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	7	73	theme	yield	1678:1682	arg1	loss					1684:1687	milk yield loss	1673:1687	milk yield loss in kg/d and %	1673:1701	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	5	74	theme	protein	1243:1249	arg1	content					1251:1257	milk protein content	1238:1257	milk protein content	1238:1257	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	5	75	theme	Heritability	1065:1076	arg1	estimates					1078:1086	Heritability estimates	1065:1086	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period	1065:1132	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	9	76	from	responses	1940:1948	arg1	day					1963:1965	the first day	1953:1965	the first day of ODM	1953:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	11	77	theme	milk	2507:2510	arg1	yield					2512:2516	TDM milk yield	2503:2516	TDM milk yield	2503:2516	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	3	78	theme	×	823:823	arg1	cows					834:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	2	79	theme	yield	719:723	arg1	responses					725:733	milk yield responses	714:733	milk yield responses to ODM	714:740	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	3	80	theme	crossbred	804:812	arg1	cows					834:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows	800:837	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	9	81	theme	yield	1934:1938	arg1	predictors					1995:2004	predictors	1995:2004	predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	1995:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	9	81	theme	yield	1934:1938	arg1	responses					1940:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses	1894:1948	TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM	1894:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	1	82	theme	potential	151:159	arg1	utility					161:167	its potential utility	147:167	its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM)	147:237	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	2	83	theme	genetic	514:520	arg1	determinism					522:532	the genetic determinism	510:532	the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM)	510:684	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	8	84	theme	yield	1779:1783	arg1	kg/d					1795:1798	kg/d	1795:1798	kg/d	1795:1798	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	8	84	theme	yield	1779:1783	arg1	recovery					1785:1792	Milk yield recovery	1774:1792	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM	1774:1817	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	8	84	theme	yield	1779:1783	arg1	trait					1825:1829	a trait	1823:1829	a trait of high heritability	1823:1850	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	2	85	theme	yield	617:621	arg1	recovery					623:630	ODM and milk yield recovery	604:630	ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking	604:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	11	86	theme	genetic	2274:2280	arg1	correlations					2282:2293	genetic correlations	2274:2293	genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2274:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	2	87	dep	estimate	501:508	arg1	2					498:498	2	498:498	2	498:498	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	7	88	theme	milk	1747:1750	arg1	yield					1752:1756	milk yield	1747:1756	milk yield	1747:1756	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	5	89	theme	lactose	1283:1289	arg1	content					1291:1297	milk lactose content	1278:1297	milk lactose content	1278:1297	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	0	90	theme	×	116:116	arg1	cows					133:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	5	91	theme	3-wk	1118:1121	arg1	period					1127:1132	3-wk ODM period	1118:1132	3-wk ODM period	1118:1132	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	9	92	theme	first	1957:1961	arg1	day					1963:1965	the first day	1953:1965	the first day of ODM	1953:1972	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	11	93	theme	yield	2463:2467	arg1	responses					2469:2477	milk yield responses	2458:2477	milk yield responses	2458:2477	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	2	94	theme	composition	459:469	arg1	determinism					429:439	the genetic determinism	417:439	the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition	417:469	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	7	95	theme	similar	1736:1742	arg1	heritabilities					1758:1771	moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities	1723:1771	moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities	1723:1771	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	0	96	theme	dairy	127:131	arg1	cows					133:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	1	97	theme	milk	190:193	arg1	yield					195:199	cows' milk yield	184:199	cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM)	184:237	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	2	98	theme	yield	449:453	arg1	determinism					429:439	the genetic determinism	417:439	the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition	417:469	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	8	99	theme	resuming	1806:1813	arg1	TDM					1815:1817	resuming TDM	1806:1817	resuming TDM	1806:1817	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	2	100	theme	switching	586:594	arg1	cows					596:599	switching cows	586:599	switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking	586:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	7	101	theme	moderate	1723:1730	arg1	heritabilities					1758:1771	moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities	1723:1771	moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities	1723:1771	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	4	102	theme	milk	1054:1057	arg1	%					1045:1045	57%	1043:1045	57% of the milk lost	1043:1062	Implementing ODM for 3 wk reduced milk yield by 27.5% on average, and after resuming TDM cows recovered on average 57% of the milk lost.
29290438	4	102	theme	milk	1054:1057	arg1	milk					1054:1057	the milk	1050:1057	the milk lost	1050:1062	Implementing ODM for 3 wk reduced milk yield by 27.5% on average, and after resuming TDM cows recovered on average 57% of the milk lost.
29290438	7	103	theme	yield	1607:1611	arg1	loss					1613:1616	milk yield loss	1602:1616	milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively)	1602:1716	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	2	104	theme	ODM	485:487	arg1	period					489:494	a 3-wk ODM period	478:494	a 3-wk ODM period	478:494	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	10	105	theme	practical	2246:2254	arg1	application					2256:2266	practical application	2246:2266	practical application	2246:2266	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	11	106	theme	ODM	2413:2415	arg1	day					2406:2408	the first day	2396:2408	the first day of ODM	2396:2415	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	4	107	theme	milk	962:965	arg1	yield					967:971	milk yield	962:971	milk yield	962:971	Implementing ODM for 3 wk reduced milk yield by 27.5% on average, and after resuming TDM cows recovered on average 57% of the milk lost.
29290438	0	108	from	period	87:92	arg1	cows					133:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	1	109	theme	ODM	369:371	arg1	periods					373:379	short ODM periods	363:379	short ODM periods	363:379	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	8	110	theme	high	1834:1837	arg1	heritability					1839:1850	high heritability	1834:1850	high heritability	1834:1850	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	6	111	theme	same	1560:1563	arg1	frequency					1573:1581	the same milking frequency	1556:1581	the same milking frequency	1556:1581	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	0	112	theme	once-daily	68:77	arg1	period					87:92	a short once-daily milking period	60:92	a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	60:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	9	113	theme	yield	2014:2018	arg1	responses					2020:2028	milk yield responses	2009:2028	milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	2009:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	11	114	theme	first	2400:2404	arg1	day					2406:2408	the first day	2396:2408	the first day of ODM	2396:2415	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	2	115	theme	responses	548:556	arg1	determinism					522:532	the genetic determinism	510:532	the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM)	510:684	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	3	116	theme	successive	855:864	arg1	wk					917:918	2 wk	915:918	2 wk of TDM	915:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	116	theme	successive	855:864	arg1	wk					900:901	3 wk	898:901	3 wk of ODM	898:908	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	116	theme	successive	855:864	arg1	periods					866:872	3 successive periods	853:872	3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM	853:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	116	theme	successive	855:864	arg1	wk					877:878	1 wk	875:878	1 wk of TDM (control)	875:895	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	2	117	theme	milk	537:540	arg1	yield					542:546	milk yield	537:546	milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM)	537:684	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	10	118	theme	milking	2111:2117	arg1	yield					2124:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield	2099:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield	2099:2128	Twice-daily milking milk yield and composition were found to be partly genetically correlated with milk yield responses but not closely enough for practical application.
29290438	9	119	theme	TDM	1894:1896	arg1	yield					1903:1907	TDM milk yield	1894:1907	TDM milk yield	1894:1907	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	0	120	theme	crossbred	97:105	arg1	cows					133:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows	97:136	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	3	121	theme	TDM	883:885	arg1	wk					917:918	2 wk	915:918	2 wk of TDM	915:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	121	theme	TDM	883:885	arg1	wk					900:901	3 wk	898:901	3 wk of ODM	898:908	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	121	theme	TDM	883:885	arg1	wk					877:878	1 wk	875:878	1 wk of TDM (control)	875:895	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	121	theme	TDM	883:885	arg1	periods					866:872	3 successive periods	853:872	3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM	853:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	0	122	dep	period	87:92	arg1	response					48:55	response	48:55	response	48:55	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	2	123	theme	genetic	421:427	arg1	determinism					429:439	the genetic determinism	417:439	the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition	417:469	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	2	124	theme	milk	565:568	arg1	yield					570:574	milk yield	565:574	milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking	565:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	9	125	theme	3-wk	2035:2038	arg1	ODM					2040:2042	a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	2033:2096	a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM	2033:2096	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	5	126	theme	somatic	1327:1333	arg1	content					1346:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	0	127	theme	milk	22:25	arg1	production					27:36	milk production	22:36	milk production	22:36	Genetic parameters of milk production traits in response to a short once-daily milking period in crossbred Holstein × Normande dairy cows.
29290438	1	128	theme	genetic	244:250	arg1	basis					252:256	the genetic basis	240:256	the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM	240:291	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	5	129	theme	milk	1202:1205	arg1	content					1211:1217	milk fat content	1202:1217	milk fat content	1202:1217	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	9	130	theme	milk	1898:1901	arg1	yield					1903:1907	TDM milk yield	1894:1907	TDM milk yield	1894:1907	Because they are easy to measure, TDM milk yield and composition and milk yield responses on the first day of ODM were investigated as predictors of milk yield responses to a 3-wk ODM to easily detect animals that are well adapted to ODM.
29290438	11	131	theme	milk	2375:2378	arg1	losses					2386:2391	milk yield losses	2375:2391	milk yield losses on the first day of ODM	2375:2415	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	5	132	from	estimates	1078:1086	arg1	period					1127:1132	3-wk ODM period	1118:1132	3-wk ODM period	1118:1132	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	5	132	from	estimates	1078:1086	arg1	period					1107:1112	the TDM control period	1091:1112	the TDM control period	1091:1112	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	2	133	theme	first	767:771	arg1	day					773:775	the first day	763:775	the first day of ODM	763:782	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	4	134	theme	TDM	1013:1015	arg1	cows					1017:1020	TDM cows	1013:1020	TDM cows	1013:1020	Implementing ODM for 3 wk reduced milk yield by 27.5% on average, and after resuming TDM cows recovered on average 57% of the milk lost.
29290438	11	135	theme	ODM	2322:2324	arg1	losses					2337:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses	2317:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2317:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	1	136	theme	milk	265:268	arg1	responses					276:284	cow milk trait responses	261:284	cow milk trait responses to ODM	261:291	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	3	137	theme	ODM	906:908	arg1	wk					917:918	2 wk	915:918	2 wk of TDM	915:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	137	theme	ODM	906:908	arg1	wk					900:901	3 wk	898:901	3 wk of ODM	898:908	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	137	theme	ODM	906:908	arg1	wk					877:878	1 wk	875:878	1 wk of TDM (control)	875:895	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	3	137	theme	ODM	906:908	arg1	periods					866:872	3 successive periods	853:872	3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM	853:925	Our trial used 430 crossbred Holstein × Normande cows and comprised 3 successive periods: 1 wk of TDM (control), 3 wk of ODM, and 2 wk of TDM.
29290438	6	138	theme	3-wk	1389:1392	arg1	ODM					1394:1396	3-wk ODM and TDM periods	1389:1412	ODM	1394:1396	Milk yield and composition during 3-wk ODM and TDM periods were genetically close (within-trait genetic correlations between experimental periods all exceeding 0.80) but were genetically closer within the same milking frequency.
29290438	4	139	dep	reduced	954:960	arg1	recovered					1022:1030	recovered	1022:1030	recovered on average 57% of the milk lost	1022:1062	Implementing ODM for 3 wk reduced milk yield by 27.5% on average, and after resuming TDM cows recovered on average 57% of the milk lost.
29290438	1	140	theme	responses	276:284	arg1	basis					252:256	the genetic basis	240:256	the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM	240:291	Despite its potential utility for predicting cows' milk yield responses to once-daily milking (ODM), the genetic basis of cow milk trait responses to ODM has been scarcely if ever described in the literature, especially for short ODM periods.
29290438	4	141	from	%	980:980	arg1	average					985:991	average	985:991	average	985:991	Implementing ODM for 3 wk reduced milk yield by 27.5% on average, and after resuming TDM cows recovered on average 57% of the milk lost.
29290438	8	142	dep	trait	1825:1829	arg1	0.63					1853:1856	0.63	1853:1856	0.63	1853:1856	Milk yield recovery (kg/d) upon resuming TDM was a trait of high heritability (0.63).
29290438	7	143	theme	milk	1673:1676	arg1	yield					1678:1682	milk yield	1673:1682	milk yield loss in kg/d and %	1673:1701	Heritabilities of milk yield loss observed upon switching cows to ODM (0.39 and 0.34 for milk yield loss in kg/d and %, respectively) were moderate and similar to milk yield heritabilities.
29290438	2	144	theme	twice-daily	660:670	arg1	milking					672:678	twice-daily milking	660:678	twice-daily milking	660:678	This study set out to (1) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield and composition during a 3-wk ODM period, (2) estimate the genetic determinism of milk yield responses (i.e., milk yield loss upon switching cows to ODM and milk yield recovery upon switching them back to twice-daily milking; TDM), and (3) seek predictors of milk yield responses to ODM, in particular using the first day of ODM.
29290438	5	145	theme	milk	1238:1241	arg1	content					1251:1257	milk protein content	1238:1257	milk protein content	1238:1257	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
29290438	11	146	theme	yield	2331:2335	arg1	losses					2337:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses	2317:2342	3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively)	2317:2372	With genetic correlations of 0.98 and 0.96 with 3-wk ODM milk yield losses (in kg/d and %, respectively), milk yield losses on the first day of ODM proved to be more accurate in predicting milk yield responses on longer term ODM than TDM milk yield.
29290438	5	147	theme	score	1340:1344	arg1	content					1346:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	milk somatic cell score content	1322:1352	Heritability estimates in the TDM control period and 3-wk ODM period were, respectively, 0.41 and 0.35 for milk yield, 0.66 and 0.61 for milk fat content, 0.60 and 0.80 for milk protein content, 0.66 and 0.36 for milk lactose content, and 0.20 and 0.15 for milk somatic cell score content.
25191879	9	0	theme	further	1791:1797	arg1	processing					1799:1808	further processing	1791:1808	further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer	1791:1863	These results suggest that torrefaction is a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer.
25191879	9	1	theme	biorefinery	1833:1843	arg1	stock					1845:1849	biorefinery stock	1833:1849	biorefinery stock	1833:1849	These results suggest that torrefaction is a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer.
25191879	4	2	theme	torrefaction	675:686	arg1	conditions					661:670	different conditions	651:670	different conditions of torrefaction	651:686	Therefore, the objective of our research was to analyze the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass.
25191879	2	3	theme	plant	365:369	arg1	source					411:416	a rich source	404:416	a rich source of biodiesel	404:429	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	2	3	theme	plant	365:369	arg1	curcas					380:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	5	4	theme	seed	750:753	arg1	tissues					741:747	Jatropha tissues	732:747	Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf)	732:796	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	4	theme	seed	750:753	arg1	coat					755:758	seed coat	750:758	seed coat	750:758	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	5	dep	350°C.	1334:1339	arg1	occurred					1471:1478	occurred	1471:1478	occurred at higher temperatures	1471:1501	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	6	5	dep	350°C.	1334:1339	arg1	started					1397:1403	started	1397:1403	started between 200°C and 250°C	1397:1427	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	5	6	theme	temperature	831:841	arg1	200°C					855:859	200°C	855:859	200°C	855:859	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	6	theme	temperature	831:841	arg1	conditions					843:852	four different temperature conditions	816:852	four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C)	816:885	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	6	theme	temperature	831:841	arg1	300°C					869:873	300°C	869:873	300°C	869:873	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	6	theme	temperature	831:841	arg1	350°C					880:884	350°C	880:884	350°C	880:884	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	6	theme	temperature	831:841	arg1	250°C					862:866	250°C	862:866	250°C	862:866	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	7	7	theme	lower	1572:1576	arg1	temperatures					1578:1589	lower temperatures	1572:1589	lower temperatures than guaiacyl (G)	1572:1607	Lignin degraded at each temperature, e.g., syringyl (S) degraded at lower temperatures than guaiacyl (G).
25191879	0	8	theme	waste	103:107	arg1	recovery					109:116	biomass waste recovery	95:116	biomass waste recovery	95:116	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	8	9	theme	phorbol	1638:1644	arg1	ester					1646:1650	the toxic compound phorbol ester	1619:1650	the toxic compound phorbol ester	1619:1650	Finally, the toxic compound phorbol ester degraded gradually starting at 235°C and efficiently just below 300°C.
25191879	5	10	theme	different	821:829	arg1	200°C					855:859	200°C	855:859	200°C	855:859	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	10	theme	different	821:829	arg1	conditions					843:852	four different temperature conditions	816:852	four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C)	816:885	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	10	theme	different	821:829	arg1	300°C					869:873	300°C	869:873	300°C	869:873	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	10	theme	different	821:829	arg1	350°C					880:884	350°C	880:884	350°C	880:884	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	10	theme	different	821:829	arg1	250°C					862:866	250°C	862:866	250°C	862:866	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	11	theme	structure	1449:1457	arg1	degradation					1459:1469	oligomer sugar structure degradation	1434:1469	oligomer sugar structure degradation	1434:1469	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	0	12	theme	biomass	95:101	arg1	recovery					109:116	biomass waste recovery	95:116	biomass waste recovery	95:116	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	5	13	theme	nuclear	1019:1025	arg1	analyses					1046:1053	nuclear magnetic resonance analyses	1019:1053	nuclear magnetic resonance analyses	1019:1053	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	3	14	theme	biomass	539:545	arg1	waste					547:551	biomass waste	539:551	biomass waste	539:551	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	3	15	from	Jatropha	503:510	arg1	biodiesel					488:496	producing biodiesel	478:496	producing biodiesel from Jatropha	478:510	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	1	16	theme	reserves	160:167	arg1	depletion					127:135	Gradual depletion	119:135	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves	119:167	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	1	16	theme	reserves	160:167	arg1	impact					177:182	the impact	173:182	the impact of environmental pollution	173:209	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	1	17	theme	plant	287:291	arg1	biomass					293:299	plant biomass	287:299	plant biomass	287:299	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	6	18	theme	Heat-induced	1341:1352	arg1	depolymerization					1354:1369	Heat-induced depolymerization	1341:1369	Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin	1341:1395	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	4	19	theme	Jatropha	691:698	arg1	biomass					700:706	Jatropha biomass	691:706	Jatropha biomass	691:706	Therefore, the objective of our research was to analyze the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass.
25191879	3	20	theme	large	522:526	arg1	amounts					528:534	large amounts	522:534	large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use	522:577	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	3	20	theme	large	522:526	arg1	waste					547:551	biomass waste	539:551	biomass waste	539:551	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	4	21	from	effects	640:646	arg1	biomass					700:706	Jatropha biomass	691:706	Jatropha biomass	691:706	Therefore, the objective of our research was to analyze the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass.
25191879	2	22	theme	high	446:449	arg1	content					460:466	its high seed oil content	442:466	its high seed oil content	442:466	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	5	23	theme	resonance	1036:1044	arg1	analyses					1046:1053	nuclear magnetic resonance analyses	1019:1053	nuclear magnetic resonance analyses	1019:1053	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	24	theme	degradation	1224:1234	arg1	patterns					1236:1243	different degradation patterns	1214:1243	different degradation patterns	1214:1243	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	6	25	theme	oligomer	1434:1441	arg1	degradation					1459:1469	oligomer sugar structure degradation	1434:1469	oligomer sugar structure degradation	1434:1469	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	5	26	from	changes	892:898	arg1	composition					918:928	the metabolite composition	903:928	the metabolite composition of the torrefied products	903:954	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	27	dep	converted	1080:1088	arg1	whereas					1270:1276	whereas	1270:1276	whereas	1270:1276	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	6	28	theme	sugar	1443:1447	arg1	degradation					1459:1469	oligomer sugar structure degradation	1434:1469	oligomer sugar structure degradation	1434:1469	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	6	29	theme	starch	1374:1379	arg1	depolymerization					1354:1369	Heat-induced depolymerization	1341:1369	Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin	1341:1395	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	6	30	theme	different	1214:1222	arg1	patterns					1236:1243	different degradation patterns	1214:1243	different degradation patterns	1214:1243	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	2	31	theme	intensive	327:335	arg1	research					337:344	intensive research	327:344	intensive research	327:344	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	5	32	theme	magnetic	1027:1034	arg1	analyses					1046:1053	nuclear magnetic resonance analyses	1019:1053	nuclear magnetic resonance analyses	1019:1053	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	0	33	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	profiling					9:17	Chemical profiling	0:17	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.	0:117	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	5	34	dep	conditions	843:852	arg1	200°C					855:859	200°C	855:859	200°C	855:859	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	34	dep	conditions	843:852	arg1	conditions					843:852	four different temperature conditions	816:852	four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C)	816:885	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	34	dep	conditions	843:852	arg1	300°C					869:873	300°C	869:873	300°C	869:873	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	34	dep	conditions	843:852	arg1	350°C					880:884	350°C	880:884	350°C	880:884	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	34	dep	conditions	843:852	arg1	250°C					862:866	250°C	862:866	250°C	862:866	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	1	35	theme	environmental	187:199	arg1	pollution					201:209	environmental pollution	187:209	environmental pollution	187:209	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	0	36	theme	Jatropha	22:29	arg1	tissues					31:37	Jatropha tissues	22:37	Jatropha tissues	22:37	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	3	37	theme	waste	547:551	arg1	amounts					528:534	large amounts	522:534	large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use	522:577	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	3	37	theme	waste	547:551	arg1	waste					547:551	biomass waste	539:551	biomass waste	539:551	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	1	38	theme	pollution	201:209	arg1	depletion					127:135	Gradual depletion	119:135	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves	119:167	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	1	38	theme	pollution	201:209	arg1	impact					177:182	the impact	173:182	the impact of environmental pollution	173:209	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	2	39	theme	biodiesel	421:429	arg1	source					411:416	a rich source	404:416	a rich source of biodiesel	404:429	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	2	39	theme	biodiesel	421:429	arg1	curcas					380:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	6	40	theme	temperature	1117:1127	arg1	range					1129:1133	the temperature range	1113:1133	the temperature range of 200°C-300°C	1113:1148	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	5	41	theme	Fourier	975:981	arg1	spectroscopy					1002:1013	Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy	975:1013	Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy	975:1013	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	4	42	theme	conditions	661:670	arg1	effects					640:646	the effects	636:646	the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass	636:706	Therefore, the objective of our research was to analyze the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass.
25191879	9	43	theme	biomass	1822:1828	arg1	processing					1799:1808	further processing	1791:1808	further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer	1791:1863	These results suggest that torrefaction is a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer.
25191879	7	44	theme	syringyl	1547:1554	arg1	S					1557:1557	syringyl (S)	1547:1558	syringyl (S) degraded at lower temperatures than guaiacyl (G)	1547:1607	Lignin degraded at each temperature, e.g., syringyl (S) degraded at lower temperatures than guaiacyl (G).
25191879	5	45	theme	transform-infrared	983:1000	arg1	spectroscopy					1002:1013	Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy	975:1013	Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy	975:1013	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	46	from	oligosaccharides	1093:1108	arg1	range					1129:1133	the temperature range	1113:1133	the temperature range of 200°C-300°C	1113:1148	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	2	47	theme	rich	406:409	arg1	source					411:416	a rich source	404:416	a rich source of biodiesel	404:429	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	2	47	theme	rich	406:409	arg1	curcas					380:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	2	48	theme	oil	456:458	arg1	content					460:466	its high seed oil content	442:466	its high seed oil content	442:466	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	0	49	theme	tissues	31:37	arg1	profiling					9:17	Chemical profiling	0:17	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.	0:117	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	5	50	theme	different	713:721	arg1	types					723:727	Six different types	709:727	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf)	709:796	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	51	theme	Hemicellulose	1184:1196	arg1	residues					1198:1205	350°C. Hemicellulose residues	1177:1205	350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue	1177:1267	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	9	52	theme	feasible	1768:1775	arg1	torrefaction					1750:1761	torrefaction	1750:1761	torrefaction	1750:1761	These results suggest that torrefaction is a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer.
25191879	9	52	theme	feasible	1768:1775	arg1	treatment					1777:1785	a feasible treatment	1766:1785	a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer	1766:1863	These results suggest that torrefaction is a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer.
25191879	8	53	theme	compound	1629:1636	arg1	ester					1646:1650	the toxic compound phorbol ester	1619:1650	the toxic compound phorbol ester	1619:1650	Finally, the toxic compound phorbol ester degraded gradually starting at 235°C and efficiently just below 300°C.
25191879	0	54	theme	torrefaction	55:66	arg1	conditions					68:77	different torrefaction conditions	45:77	different torrefaction conditions	45:77	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	5	55	theme	tissues	741:747	arg1	types					723:727	Six different types	709:727	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf)	709:796	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	56	theme	350°C.	1177:1182	arg1	residues					1198:1205	350°C. Hemicellulose residues	1177:1205	350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue	1177:1267	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	1	57	theme	Gradual	119:125	arg1	depletion					127:135	Gradual depletion	119:135	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves	119:167	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	0	58	theme	different	45:53	arg1	conditions					68:77	different torrefaction conditions	45:77	different torrefaction conditions	45:77	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	5	59	theme	products	947:954	arg1	composition					918:928	the metabolite composition	903:928	the metabolite composition of the torrefied products	903:954	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	60	theme	torrefied	937:945	arg1	products					947:954	the torrefied products	933:954	the torrefied products	933:954	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	3	61	theme	producing	478:486	arg1	biodiesel					488:496	producing biodiesel	478:496	producing biodiesel from Jatropha	478:510	However, producing biodiesel from Jatropha generates large amounts of biomass waste that are difficult to use.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	kernel					761:766	kernel	761:766	kernel	761:766	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	bark					782:785	bark	782:785	bark	782:785	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	tissues					741:747	Jatropha tissues	732:747	Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf)	732:796	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	leaf					792:795	leaf	792:795	leaf	792:795	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	stem					769:772	stem	769:772	stem	769:772	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	xylem					775:779	xylem	775:779	xylem	775:779	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	62	dep	tissues	741:747	arg1	coat					755:758	seed coat	750:758	seed coat	750:758	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	6	63	theme	200°C-300°C	1138:1148	arg1	range					1129:1133	the temperature range	1113:1133	the temperature range of 200°C-300°C	1113:1148	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	7	64	dep	S	1557:1557	arg1	e.g.					1541:1544	e.g.	1541:1544	e.g.	1541:1544	Lignin degraded at each temperature, e.g., syringyl (S) degraded at lower temperatures than guaiacyl (G).
25191879	4	65	theme	different	651:659	arg1	conditions					661:670	different conditions	651:670	different conditions of torrefaction	651:686	Therefore, the objective of our research was to analyze the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass.
25191879	8	66	theme	toxic	1623:1627	arg1	ester					1646:1650	the toxic compound phorbol ester	1619:1650	the toxic compound phorbol ester	1619:1650	Finally, the toxic compound phorbol ester degraded gradually starting at 235°C and efficiently just below 300°C.
25191879	1	67	theme	petroleum	150:158	arg1	reserves					160:167	the world petroleum reserves	140:167	the world petroleum reserves	140:167	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	9	68	theme	residual	1813:1820	arg1	biomass					1822:1828	residual biomass	1813:1828	residual biomass	1813:1828	These results suggest that torrefaction is a feasible treatment for further processing of residual biomass to biorefinery stock or fertilizer.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	kernel					761:766	kernel	761:766	kernel	761:766	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	bark					782:785	bark	782:785	bark	782:785	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	tissues					741:747	Jatropha tissues	732:747	Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf)	732:796	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	leaf					792:795	leaf	792:795	leaf	792:795	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	stem					769:772	stem	769:772	stem	769:772	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	xylem					775:779	xylem	775:779	xylem	775:779	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	5	69	theme	Jatropha	732:739	arg1	coat					755:758	seed coat	750:758	seed coat	750:758	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	0	70	dep	profiling	9:17	arg1	application					80:90	application	80:90	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.	0:117	Chemical profiling of Jatropha tissues under different torrefaction conditions: application to biomass waste recovery.
25191879	4	71	theme	research	612:619	arg1	objective					595:603	the objective	591:603	the objective of our research	591:619	Therefore, the objective of our research was to analyze the effects of different conditions of torrefaction on Jatropha biomass.
25191879	1	72	theme	world	144:148	arg1	reserves					160:167	the world petroleum reserves	140:167	the world petroleum reserves	140:167	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	6	73	theme	higher	1483:1488	arg1	temperatures					1490:1501	higher temperatures	1483:1501	higher temperatures	1483:1501	Cellulose was gradually converted to oligosaccharides in the temperature range of 200°C-300°C and completely degraded at 350°C. Hemicellulose residues showed different degradation patterns depending on the tissue, whereas glucuronoxylan efficiently decomposed between 300°C and 350°C. Heat-induced depolymerization of starch to maltodextrin started between 200°C and 250°C, and oligomer sugar structure degradation occurred at higher temperatures.
25191879	1	74	theme	alternative	250:260	arg1	biomass					293:299	plant biomass	287:299	plant biomass	287:299	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	1	74	theme	alternative	250:260	arg1	resources					269:277	alternative energy resources	250:277	alternative energy resources such as plant biomass	250:299	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	2	75	theme	seed	451:454	arg1	content					460:466	its high seed oil content	442:466	its high seed oil content	442:466	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	5	76	theme	metabolite	907:916	arg1	composition					918:928	the metabolite composition	903:928	the metabolite composition of the torrefied products	903:954	Six different types of Jatropha tissues (seed coat, kernel, stem, xylem, bark, and leaf) were torrefied at four different temperature conditions (200°C, 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C), and changes in the metabolite composition of the torrefied products were determined by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses.
25191879	2	77	theme	Jatropha	371:378	arg1	source					411:416	a rich source	404:416	a rich source of biodiesel	404:429	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	2	77	theme	Jatropha	371:378	arg1	curcas					380:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	the plant Jatropha curcas	361:385	To address these issues, intensive research has focused on the plant Jatropha curcas, which serves as a rich source of biodiesel because of its high seed oil content.
25191879	1	78	theme	energy	262:267	arg1	biomass					293:299	plant biomass	287:299	plant biomass	287:299	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
25191879	1	78	theme	energy	262:267	arg1	resources					269:277	alternative energy resources	250:277	alternative energy resources such as plant biomass	250:299	Gradual depletion of the world petroleum reserves and the impact of environmental pollution highlight the importance of developing alternative energy resources such as plant biomass.
24756630	5	0	theme	composition	790:800	arg1	media					746:750	Enrichment media	735:750	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition	735:800	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	1	dep	Agar	844:847	arg1	TSA					859:861	TSA	859:861	TSA	859:861	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	1	dep	Agar	844:847	arg1	TSB					866:868	TSB	866:868	TSB	866:868	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	9	2	theme	TSB	1383:1385	arg1	media					1387:1391	TSA and TSB media	1375:1391	TSA and TSB media	1375:1391	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	5	3	theme	nutrient	762:769	arg1	concentrations					771:784	varied nutrient concentrations	755:784	varied nutrient concentrations	755:784	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	1	4	theme	non-sterile	221:231	arg1	products					248:255	both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	204:255	both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	204:255	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	1	5	theme	susceptible	337:347	arg1	individuals					349:359	susceptible individuals	337:359	susceptible individuals	337:359	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	11	6	from	water	1658:1662	arg1	recovery					1616:1623	recovery	1616:1623	recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water	1616:1662	Broth media were more effective than solid media for recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	4	7	theme	distilled	706:714	arg1	water					716:720	distilled water	706:720	distilled water for 40 days	706:732	We have explored different strategies to recover and enrich Burkholderia cenocepacia previously cultured in distilled water for 40 days.
24756630	1	8	theme	pharmaceutical	233:246	arg1	products					248:255	both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	204:255	both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	204:255	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	5	9	theme	Infusion	928:935	arg1	Broth					937:941	Brain-Heart Infusion Broth	916:941	Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB)	916:948	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	9	theme	Infusion	928:935	arg1	BHIB					944:947	BHIB	944:947	BHIB	944:947	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	9	10	theme	recovery	1425:1432	arg1	efficiency					1434:1443	better recovery efficiency	1418:1443	better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells	1418:1506	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	1	11	theme	products	248:255	arg1	recalls					193:199	recalls	193:199	recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	193:255	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	9	12	theme	cells	1502:1506	arg1	numbers					1491:1497	small numbers	1485:1497	small numbers of cells	1485:1506	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	5	13	theme	varied	755:760	arg1	concentrations					771:784	varied nutrient concentrations	755:784	varied nutrient concentrations	755:784	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	0	14	theme	cenocepacia	93:103	arg1	enrichment					66:75	enrichment	66:75	enrichment	66:75	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	0	14	theme	cenocepacia	93:103	arg1	recovery					53:60	recovery	53:60	recovery	53:60	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	9	15	contain	containing	1474:1483	arg1	inocula					1466:1472	inocula	1466:1472	inocula containing small numbers of cells	1466:1506	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	9	15	contain	containing	1474:1483	arg2	numbers					1491:1497	small numbers	1485:1497	small numbers of cells	1485:1506	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	9	16	theme	TSA	1375:1377	arg1	media					1387:1391	TSA and TSB media	1375:1391	TSA and TSB media	1375:1391	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	8	17	theme	significant	1216:1226	arg1	difference					1228:1237	no significant difference	1213:1237	no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media	1213:1346	Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media.
24756630	8	18	theme	cenocepacia	1265:1275	arg1	numbers					1251:1257	the numbers	1247:1257	the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media	1247:1346	Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media.
24756630	11	19	theme	distilled	1648:1656	arg1	water					1658:1662	distilled water	1648:1662	distilled water	1648:1662	Broth media were more effective than solid media for recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	5	20	theme	Tryptic	832:838	arg1	Agar					844:847	modified Tryptic Soy Agar	823:847	modified Tryptic Soy Agar	823:847	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	2	21	from	systems	468:474	arg1	settings					414:421	pharmaceutical settings	399:421	pharmaceutical settings	399:421	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	5	22	dep	Agar	887:890	arg1	R2AB					909:912	R2AB	909:912	R2AB	909:912	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	22	dep	Agar	887:890	arg1	R2A					902:904	R2A	902:904	R2A	902:904	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	23	theme	Soy	840:842	arg1	Agar					844:847	modified Tryptic Soy Agar	823:847	modified Tryptic Soy Agar	823:847	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	11	24	theme	cenocepacia	1631:1641	arg1	recovery					1616:1623	recovery	1616:1623	recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water	1616:1662	Broth media were more effective than solid media for recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	9	25	theme	better	1418:1423	arg1	efficiency					1434:1443	better recovery efficiency	1418:1443	better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells	1418:1506	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	2	26	from	ubiquitous	370:379	arg1	nature					384:389	nature	384:389	nature	384:389	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	11	27	theme	Broth	1563:1567	arg1	media					1569:1573	Broth media	1563:1573	Broth media	1563:1573	Broth media were more effective than solid media for recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	2	28	theme	common	432:437	arg1	source					439:444	the most common source	423:444	the most common source	423:444	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	2	28	theme	common	432:437	arg1	systems					468:474	contaminated water systems	449:474	contaminated water systems	449:474	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	1	29	theme	opportunistic	269:281	arg1	pathogens					283:291	these opportunistic pathogens	263:291	these opportunistic pathogens	263:291	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	12	30	theme	detection	1703:1711	arg1	assays					1713:1718	detection assays	1703:1718	detection assays with recovery	1703:1732	These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms.
24756630	1	31	dep	cepacia	140:146	arg1	complex					148:154	complex	148:154	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence	127:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	6	32	theme	ASH	1118:1120	arg1	broth					1122:1126	ASH broth	1118:1126	ASH broth	1118:1126	Of the various broth media tested, cell growth was significantly greater in TSB and R2AB than in BHIB, MHB, or ASH broth.
24756630	7	33	theme	recovery	1171:1178	arg1	efficiency					1180:1189	their recovery efficiency	1165:1189	their recovery efficiency	1165:1189	TSB and R2AB were also compared for their recovery efficiency.
24756630	0	34	theme	liquid	14:19	arg1	media					39:43	liquid and solid culture media	14:43	liquid and solid culture media	14:43	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	0	35	theme	distilled	110:118	arg1	water					120:124	distilled water	110:124	distilled water	110:124	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	5	36	theme	Brain-Heart	916:926	arg1	Broth					937:941	Brain-Heart Infusion Broth	916:941	Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB)	916:948	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	36	theme	Brain-Heart	916:926	arg1	BHIB					944:947	BHIB	944:947	BHIB	944:947	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	6	37	theme	broth	1022:1026	arg1	media					1028:1032	the various broth media	1010:1032	the various broth media tested	1010:1039	Of the various broth media tested, cell growth was significantly greater in TSB and R2AB than in BHIB, MHB, or ASH broth.
24756630	0	38	theme	culture	31:37	arg1	media					39:43	liquid and solid culture media	14:43	liquid and solid culture media	14:43	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	5	39	theme	Enrichment	735:744	arg1	media					746:750	Enrichment media	735:750	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition	735:800	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	2	40	theme	pharmaceutical	399:412	arg1	settings					414:421	pharmaceutical settings	399:421	pharmaceutical settings	399:421	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	0	41	theme	solid	25:29	arg1	media					39:43	liquid and solid culture media	14:43	liquid and solid culture media	14:43	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	12	42	with	strategies	1749:1758	arg1	recovery					1725:1732	recovery	1725:1732	recovery	1725:1732	These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms.
24756630	5	43	used	used	807:810	arg2	media					746:750	Enrichment media	735:750	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition	735:800	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	8	44	theme	R2A	1332:1334	arg1	media					1342:1346	five modified R2A solid media	1318:1346	five modified R2A solid media	1318:1346	Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media.
24756630	0	45	from	water	120:124	arg1	enrichment					66:75	enrichment	66:75	enrichment	66:75	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	0	45	from	water	120:124	arg1	recovery					53:60	recovery	53:60	recovery	53:60	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	2	46	from	nature	384:389	arg1	ubiquitous					370:379	ubiquitous	370:379	ubiquitous	370:379	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	1	47	theme	recalls	193:199	arg1	cause					184:188	the cause	180:188	the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	180:255	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	1	47	theme	recalls	193:199	arg1	presence					162:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence	127:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence	127:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	2	48	theme	water	462:466	arg1	source					439:444	the most common source	423:444	the most common source	423:444	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	2	48	theme	water	462:466	arg1	systems					468:474	contaminated water systems	449:474	contaminated water systems	449:474	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	12	49	theme	enrichment	1738:1747	arg1	strategies					1749:1758	enrichment strategies	1738:1758	enrichment strategies	1738:1758	These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms.
24756630	5	50	theme	modified	823:830	arg1	Agar					844:847	modified Tryptic Soy Agar	823:847	modified Tryptic Soy Agar	823:847	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	8	51	theme	modified	1323:1330	arg1	media					1342:1346	five modified R2A solid media	1318:1346	five modified R2A solid media	1318:1346	Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media.
24756630	3	52	theme	standard	572:579	arg1	methods					589:595	standard culture methods	572:595	standard culture methods	572:595	Some strains of BCC, previously described as Pseudomonas cepacia, were not readily detected by standard culture methods.
24756630	6	53	theme	cell	1042:1045	arg1	growth					1047:1052	cell growth	1042:1052	cell growth	1042:1052	Of the various broth media tested, cell growth was significantly greater in TSB and R2AB than in BHIB, MHB, or ASH broth.
24756630	0	54	theme	media	39:43	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.	0:125	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	9	55	theme	small	1485:1489	arg1	numbers					1491:1497	small numbers	1485:1497	small numbers of cells	1485:1506	Overall, however, diluted TSA and TSB media, and R2A and R2AB showed better recovery efficiency than TSA and TSB for inocula containing small numbers of cells.
24756630	2	56	theme	contaminated	449:460	arg1	source					439:444	the most common source	423:444	the most common source	423:444	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	2	56	theme	contaminated	449:460	arg1	systems					468:474	contaminated water systems	449:474	contaminated water systems	449:474	BCC are ubiquitous in nature, but in pharmaceutical settings the most common source is contaminated water systems.
24756630	3	57	theme	culture	581:587	arg1	methods					589:595	standard culture methods	572:595	standard culture methods	572:595	Some strains of BCC, previously described as Pseudomonas cepacia, were not readily detected by standard culture methods.
24756630	3	58	theme	BCC	493:495	arg1	strains					482:488	Some strains	477:488	Some strains	477:488	Some strains of BCC, previously described as Pseudomonas cepacia, were not readily detected by standard culture methods.
24756630	8	59	theme	solid	1336:1340	arg1	media					1342:1346	five modified R2A solid media	1318:1346	five modified R2A solid media	1318:1346	Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media.
24756630	5	60	theme	Ashdown	983:989	arg1	medium					999:1004	Ashdown's (ASH) medium	983:1004	Ashdown's (ASH) medium	983:1004	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	10	61	theme	distilled	1534:1542	arg1	water					1544:1548	distilled water	1534:1548	distilled water for 40 days	1534:1560	All strains persisted in distilled water for 40 days.
24756630	0	62	dep	recovery	53:60	arg1	the					49:51	the	49:51	the	49:51	Evaluation of liquid and solid culture media for the recovery and enrichment of Burkholderia cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	6	63	theme	various	1014:1020	arg1	media					1028:1032	the various broth media	1010:1032	the various broth media tested	1010:1039	Of the various broth media tested, cell growth was significantly greater in TSB and R2AB than in BHIB, MHB, or ASH broth.
24756630	12	64	with	assays	1713:1718	arg1	recovery					1725:1732	recovery	1725:1732	recovery	1725:1732	These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms.
24756630	5	65	theme	concentrations	771:784	arg1	media					746:750	Enrichment media	735:750	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition	735:800	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	12	66	theme	organisms	1801:1809	arg1	recovery					1772:1779	recovery	1772:1779	recovery of these fastidious organisms	1772:1809	These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms.
24756630	5	67	theme	Mueller-Hinton	951:964	arg1	MHB					973:975	MHB	973:975	MHB	973:975	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	5	67	theme	Mueller-Hinton	951:964	arg1	Broth					966:970	Mueller-Hinton Broth	951:970	Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB)	951:976	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
24756630	4	68	theme	different	615:623	arg1	strategies					625:634	different strategies	615:634	different strategies	615:634	We have explored different strategies to recover and enrich Burkholderia cenocepacia previously cultured in distilled water for 40 days.
24756630	1	69	theme	cepacia	140:146	arg1	cause					184:188	the cause	180:188	the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	180:255	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	1	69	theme	cepacia	140:146	arg1	presence					162:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence	127:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence	127:169	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	1	70	theme	sterile	209:215	arg1	products					248:255	both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	204:255	both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products	204:255	Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) presence has been the cause of recalls of both sterile and non-sterile pharmaceutical products since these opportunistic pathogens have been implicated to cause infections to susceptible individuals.
24756630	11	71	theme	solid	1600:1604	arg1	media					1606:1610	solid media	1600:1610	solid media	1600:1610	Broth media were more effective than solid media for recovery of B. cenocepacia from distilled water.
24756630	8	72	theme	modified	1301:1308	arg1	TSA					1310:1312	15 differently modified TSA	1286:1312	15 differently modified TSA	1286:1312	Generally, there was no significant difference between the numbers of B. cenocepacia grown on 15 differently modified TSA and five modified R2A solid media.
24756630	12	73	theme	fastidious	1790:1799	arg1	organisms					1801:1809	these fastidious organisms	1784:1809	these fastidious organisms	1784:1809	These results may assist in improving detection assays with recovery and enrichment strategies to maximize recovery of these fastidious organisms.
24756630	5	74	theme	2nd	883:885	arg1	Agar					887:890	Reasoner's 2nd Agar	872:890	Reasoner's 2nd Agar	872:890	Enrichment media of varied nutrient concentrations and composition were used, including modified Tryptic Soy Agar or Broth (TSA or TSB), Reasoner's 2nd Agar or Broth (R2A or R2AB), Brain-Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB), Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB), and Ashdown's (ASH) medium.
27260440	3	0	from	hydrocarbons	708:719	arg1	samples					730:736	water samples	724:736	water samples	724:736	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	8	1	theme	trough	1509:1514	arg1	extraction					1528:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	3	2	theme	modified	500:507	arg1	cyclodextrin					509:520	modified cyclodextrin	500:520	modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network	500:548	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	0	3	theme	an	69:70	arg1	efficiency					41:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency	14:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an	14:70	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	3	4	theme	water	724:728	arg1	samples					730:736	water samples	724:736	water samples	724:736	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	4	5	theme	sample	873:878	arg1	volume					880:885	the sample volume	869:885	the sample volume	869:885	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	6	6	theme	method	1128:1133	arg1	limits					1114:1119	the quantification limits	1095:1119	the quantification limits of the method	1095:1133	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	8	7	theme	concentration	1379:1391	arg1	results					1393:1399	the concentration results	1375:1399	the concentration results	1375:1399	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	0	8	theme	microporous	101:111	arg1	composite					113:121	cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite	81:121	cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples	81:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	4	9	theme	solid	817:821	arg1	phase					823:827	solid phase	817:827	solid phase	817:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	10	theme	concentration	891:903	arg1	influence					905:913	concentration influence	891:913	concentration influence	891:913	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	6	11	theme	linear	1181:1186	arg1	correlations					1188:1199	fine linear correlations	1176:1199	fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration	1176:1237	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	2	12	theme	solid	316:320	arg1	phases					322:327	solid phases	316:327	solid phases	316:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	5	13	theme	tested	1024:1029	arg1	hydrocarbons					1051:1062	the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1020:1062	the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1020:1062	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	0	14	theme	cyclodextrin-silica	81:99	arg1	composite					113:121	cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite	81:121	cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples	81:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	7	15	contain	has	1283:1285	arg2	repeatability					1292:1304	good repeatability	1287:1304	good repeatability	1287:1304	The method has good repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of variation under 8%.
27260440	7	15	contain	has	1283:1285	arg2	reproducibility					1310:1324	reproducibility	1310:1324	reproducibility	1310:1324	The method has good repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of variation under 8%.
27260440	7	15	contain	has	1283:1285	arg1	method					1276:1281	The method	1272:1281	The method	1272:1281	The method has good repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of variation under 8%.
27260440	5	16	theme	adsorption	998:1007	arg1	ability					1009:1015	adsorption ability	998:1015	adsorption ability	998:1015	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	4	17	theme	Several	739:745	arg1	eluent					859:864	the eluent	855:864	the eluent	855:864	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	17	theme	Several	739:745	arg1	amount					807:812	the amount	803:812	the amount of solid phase	803:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	17	theme	Several	739:745	arg1	nature					834:839	nature	834:839	nature	834:839	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	17	theme	Several	739:745	arg1	volume					880:885	the sample volume	869:885	the sample volume	869:885	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	17	theme	Several	739:745	arg1	phase					823:827	solid phase	817:827	solid phase	817:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	17	theme	Several	739:745	arg1	parameters					747:756	Several parameters	739:756	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery	739:792	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	8	18	from	hydrocarbons	1487:1498	arg1	extraction					1528:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	4	19	theme	eluent	859:864	arg1	eluent					859:864	the eluent	855:864	the eluent	855:864	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	19	theme	eluent	859:864	arg1	amount					807:812	the amount	803:812	the amount of solid phase	803:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	19	theme	eluent	859:864	arg1	nature					834:839	nature	834:839	nature	834:839	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	19	theme	eluent	859:864	arg1	volume					845:850	volume	845:850	volume	845:850	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	19	theme	eluent	859:864	arg1	volume					880:885	the sample volume	869:885	the sample volume	869:885	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	19	theme	eluent	859:864	arg1	phase					823:827	solid phase	817:827	solid phase	817:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	8	20	theme	polycyclic	1467:1476	arg1	hydrocarbons					1487:1498	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1467:1498	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction	1467:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	5	21	theme	experimental	940:951	arg1	results					953:959	The experimental results	936:959	The experimental results	936:959	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	1	22	theme	Solid-phase	192:202	arg1	extraction					204:213	Solid-phase extraction	192:213	Solid-phase extraction	192:213	Solid-phase extraction is one of the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration.
27260440	6	23	theme	optimum	1075:1081	arg1	conditions					1083:1092	the optimum conditions	1071:1092	the optimum conditions	1071:1092	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	3	24	theme	new	412:414	arg1	kind					416:419	a new kind	410:419	a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network,	410:549	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	4	25	dep	nature	834:839	arg1	the					830:832	the	830:832	the	830:832	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	3	26	theme	silica	535:540	arg1	network					542:548	a silica network	533:548	a silica network	533:548	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	27	theme	adsorbent	447:455	arg1	extraction					436:445	solid-phase extraction adsorbent	424:455	solid-phase extraction adsorbent	424:455	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	27	theme	adsorbent	447:455	arg1	material					481:488	a microporous material	467:488	a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network	467:548	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	6	28	theme	fine	1176:1179	arg1	correlations					1188:1199	fine linear correlations	1176:1199	fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration	1176:1237	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	5	29	contain	possesses	988:996	arg1	material					979:986	the material	975:986	the material	975:986	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	5	29	contain	possesses	988:996	arg2	ability					1009:1015	adsorption ability	998:1015	adsorption ability	998:1015	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	8	30	from	extraction	1528:1537	arg1	analysis					1455:1462	trace analysis	1449:1462	trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction	1449:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	4	31	theme	analytes	776:783	arg1	recovery					785:792	the analytes recovery	772:792	the analytes recovery	772:792	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	3	32	theme	solid-phase	424:434	arg1	extraction					436:445	solid-phase extraction adsorbent	424:455	solid-phase extraction adsorbent	424:455	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	32	theme	solid-phase	424:434	arg1	material					481:488	a microporous material	467:488	a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network	467:548	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	0	33	theme	solid-phase	18:28	arg1	efficiency					41:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency	14:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an	14:70	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	5	34	theme	polycyclic	1031:1040	arg1	hydrocarbons					1051:1062	the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1020:1062	the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1020:1062	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	0	35	theme	aromatic	138:145	arg1	hydrocarbons					147:158	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	127:158	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples	127:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	6	36	theme	peak	1209:1212	arg1	height					1214:1219	peak height	1209:1219	peak height	1209:1219	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	0	37	theme	polycyclic	127:136	arg1	hydrocarbons					147:158	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	127:158	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples	127:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	1	38	dep	sample	259:264	arg1	concentration					283:295	concentration	283:295	concentration	283:295	Solid-phase extraction is one of the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration.
27260440	1	38	dep	sample	259:264	arg1	purification					266:277	purification	266:277	purification	266:277	Solid-phase extraction is one of the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration.
27260440	2	39	theme	phases	322:327	arg1	variety					305:311	A wide variety	298:311	A wide variety of solid phases	298:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	2	39	theme	phases	322:327	arg1	phases					322:327	solid phases	316:327	solid phases	316:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	0	40	theme	efficiency	41:50	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an	0:70	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	8	41	theme	trace	1449:1453	arg1	analysis					1455:1462	trace analysis	1449:1462	trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction	1449:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	6	42	theme	quantification	1099:1112	arg1	limits					1114:1119	the quantification limits	1095:1119	the quantification limits of the method	1095:1133	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	0	43	theme	extraction	30:39	arg1	efficiency					41:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency	14:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an	14:70	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	0	44	theme	hydrocarbons	147:158	arg1	determination					160:172	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination	127:172	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples	127:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	3	45	theme	liquid	653:658	arg1	chromatography					660:673	high-performance liquid chromatography	636:673	high-performance liquid chromatography	636:673	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	1	46	theme	important	234:242	arg1	techniques					244:253	the most important techniques	225:253	the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration	225:295	Solid-phase extraction is one of the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration.
27260440	0	47	theme	a	55:55	arg1	efficiency					41:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency	14:50	the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an	14:70	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	0	48	theme	water	177:181	arg1	samples					183:189	water samples	177:189	water samples	177:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	3	49	theme	extraction	436:445	arg1	kind					416:419	a new kind	410:419	a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network,	410:549	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	50	theme	analytical	575:584	arg1	method					586:591	an analytical method	572:591	an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples	572:736	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	7	51	theme	good	1287:1290	arg1	repeatability					1292:1304	good repeatability	1287:1304	good repeatability	1287:1304	The method has good repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of variation under 8%.
27260440	8	52	theme	solid-phase	1516:1526	arg1	extraction					1528:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	8	53	theme	hydrocarbons	1487:1498	arg1	analysis					1455:1462	trace analysis	1449:1462	trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction	1449:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	8	54	theme	aromatic	1478:1485	arg1	hydrocarbons					1487:1498	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1467:1498	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction	1467:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	6	55	theme	0.09-2.4μgL	1156:1166	arg1	range					1147:1151	the range	1143:1151	the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1)	1143:1170	Under the optimum conditions, the quantification limits of the method were in the range of 0.09-2.4μgL(-1) and fine linear correlations between peak height and concentration were found around 1.3-70μgL(-1).
27260440	7	56	theme	variation	1348:1356	arg1	coefficients					1332:1343	coefficients	1332:1343	coefficients of variation under 8%	1332:1365	The method has good repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of variation under 8%.
27260440	4	57	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	eluent					859:864	the eluent	855:864	the eluent	855:864	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	57	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	amount					807:812	the amount	803:812	the amount of solid phase	803:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	57	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	nature					834:839	nature	834:839	nature	834:839	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	57	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	volume					845:850	volume	845:850	volume	845:850	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	57	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	volume					880:885	the sample volume	869:885	the sample volume	869:885	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	4	57	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	phase					823:827	solid phase	817:827	solid phase	817:827	Several parameters that affected the analytes recovery, such as the amount of solid phase, the nature and volume of the eluent or the sample volume and concentration influence have been evaluated.
27260440	8	58	from	analysis	1455:1462	arg1	extraction					1528:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	2	59	theme	sample	348:353	arg1	preparation					355:365	sample preparation	348:365	sample preparation	348:365	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	0	60	from	determination	160:172	arg1	samples					183:189	water samples	177:189	water samples	177:189	Comparison of the solid-phase extraction efficiency of a bounded and an included cyclodextrin-silica microporous composite for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determination in water samples.
27260440	2	61	theme	wide	300:303	arg1	variety					305:311	A wide variety	298:311	A wide variety of solid phases	298:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	2	61	theme	wide	300:303	arg1	phases					322:327	solid phases	316:327	solid phases	316:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	3	62	theme	polycyclic	688:697	arg1	hydrocarbons					708:719	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	688:719	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples	688:736	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	63	theme	high-performance	636:651	arg1	chromatography					660:673	high-performance liquid chromatography	636:673	high-performance liquid chromatography	636:673	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	8	64	theme	water	1503:1507	arg1	extraction					1528:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	water trough solid-phase extraction	1503:1537	Due to the concentration results, this material may represent an alternative for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water trough solid-phase extraction.
27260440	3	65	theme	microporous	469:479	arg1	extraction					436:445	solid-phase extraction adsorbent	424:455	solid-phase extraction adsorbent	424:455	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	65	theme	microporous	469:479	arg1	material					481:488	a microporous material	467:488	a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network	467:548	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	66	theme	aromatic	699:706	arg1	hydrocarbons					708:719	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	688:719	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples	688:736	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	67	theme	solid-phase	608:618	arg1	extraction					620:629	solid-phase extraction	608:629	solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography	608:673	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	2	68	used	used	339:342	arg2	phases					322:327	solid phases	316:327	solid phases	316:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	2	68	used	used	339:342	arg2	variety					305:311	A wide variety	298:311	A wide variety of solid phases	298:327	A wide variety of solid phases have been used for sample preparation over time.
27260440	3	69	with	extraction	620:629	arg1	chromatography					660:673	high-performance liquid chromatography	636:673	high-performance liquid chromatography	636:673	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	3	70	theme	kind	416:419	arg1	efficiency					396:405	the efficiency	392:405	the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network,	392:549	In this work, the efficiency of a new kind of solid-phase extraction adsorbent, which is a microporous material made from modified cyclodextrin bounded to a silica network, is evaluated through an analytical method which combines solid-phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples.
27260440	5	71	theme	aromatic	1042:1049	arg1	hydrocarbons					1051:1062	the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1020:1062	the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	1020:1062	The experimental results indicate that the material possesses adsorption ability to the tested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
27260440	1	72	theme	techniques	244:253	arg1	techniques					244:253	the most important techniques	225:253	the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration	225:295	Solid-phase extraction is one of the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration.
27260440	1	72	theme	techniques	244:253	arg1	one					218:220	one	218:220	one	218:220	Solid-phase extraction is one of the most important techniques for sample purification and concentration.
26419877	7	0	theme	relative	1453:1460	arg1	protein					1427:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein	1398:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens	1398:1477	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	9	1	theme	amylolytic	1861:1870	arg1	system					1872:1877	an amylolytic system	1858:1877	an amylolytic system	1858:1877	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	8	2	theme	other	1588:1592	arg1	proteins					1611:1618	two other cohesin-carrying proteins	1584:1618	two other cohesin-carrying proteins	1584:1618	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	13	3	theme	component	2944:2952	arg1	proteins					2954:2961	component proteins	2944:2961	component proteins	2944:2961	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	10	4	theme	microbial	2054:2062	arg1	growth					2064:2069	microbial growth	2054:2069	microbial growth in the intestine	2054:2086	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	12	5	theme	colonic	2372:2378	arg1	bacteria					2380:2387	certain human colonic bacteria	2358:2387	certain human colonic bacteria	2358:2387	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	3	6	with	growth	646:651	arg1	fructose					658:665	fructose	658:665	fructose	658:665	We found that amylase activity in R. bromii is expressed constitutively, with the activity seen during growth with fructose as an energy source being similar to that seen with starch as an energy source.
26419877	1	7	theme	dietary	279:285	arg1	starches					287:294	dietary starches	279:294	dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches	279:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	4	8	theme	proteomic	809:817	arg1	analysis					819:826	proteomic analysis	809:826	proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures	809:848	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	6	9	theme	recombinant	1232:1242	arg1	them					1224:1227	them	1224:1227	them	1224:1227	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	6	9	theme	recombinant	1232:1242	arg1	proteins					1251:1258	recombinant fusion proteins	1232:1258	recombinant fusion proteins	1232:1258	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	14	10	theme	cellulolytic	3063:3074	arg1	ruminococci					3076:3086	cellulolytic ruminococci	3063:3086	cellulolytic ruminococci	3063:3086	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	10	11	theme	dietary	1944:1950	arg1	carbohydrates					1966:1978	dietary nondigestible carbohydrates	1944:1978	dietary nondigestible carbohydrates	1944:1978	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	7	12	theme	cell	1407:1410	arg1	protein					1427:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein	1398:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens	1398:1477	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	3	13	theme	amylase	557:563	arg1	activity					565:572	amylase activity	557:572	amylase activity in R. bromii	557:585	We found that amylase activity in R. bromii is expressed constitutively, with the activity seen during growth with fructose as an energy source being similar to that seen with starch as an energy source.
26419877	1	14	theme	human	211:215	arg1	microbiota					221:230	the human gut microbiota	207:230	the human gut microbiota	207:230	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	11	15	from	acids	2320:2324	arg1	host					2292:2295	the host	2288:2295	the host from short-chain fatty acids	2288:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	8	16	theme	own	1700:1702	arg1	cohesin					1704:1710	its own cohesin	1696:1710	its own cohesin	1696:1710	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	1	17	theme	microbiota	221:230	arg1	member					197:202	a dominant member	186:202	a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches	186:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	1	17	theme	microbiota	221:230	arg1	bromii					176:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	7	18	theme	protein	1353:1359	arg1	Sca2					1375:1378	Sca2	1375:1378	Sca2	1375:1378	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	18	theme	protein	1353:1359	arg1	scaffoldin					1361:1370	protein scaffoldin 2	1353:1372	protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2)	1353:1379	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	10	19	theme	carbohydrates	1966:1978	arg1	Fermentation					1928:1939	IMPORTANCE Fermentation	1917:1939	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota	1917:2010	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	13	20	theme	enzyme	2865:2870	arg1	system					2872:2877	the amylolytic enzyme system	2850:2877	the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii	2850:2890	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	7	21	theme	present	1342:1348	arg1	cohesin					1334:1340	a cohesin	1332:1340	a cohesin	1332:1340	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	12	22	theme	gastrointestinal	2660:2675	arg1	tract					2677:2681	the upper gastrointestinal tract	2650:2681	the upper gastrointestinal tract	2650:2681	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	3	23	theme	energy	732:737	arg1	source					739:744	an energy source	729:744	an energy source	729:744	We found that amylase activity in R. bromii is expressed constitutively, with the activity seen during growth with fructose as an energy source being similar to that seen with starch as an energy source.
26419877	8	24	contain	has	1632:1634	arg1	Amy4					1627:1630	Amy4	1627:1630	Amy4	1627:1630	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	8	24	contain	has	1632:1634	arg2	ability					1640:1646	the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin	1636:1710	the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin	1636:1710	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	12	25	theme	other	2717:2721	arg1	polymers					2723:2730	other polymers	2717:2730	other polymers	2717:2730	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	10	26	theme	colonic	1993:1999	arg1	microbiota					2001:2010	the human colonic microbiota	1983:2010	the human colonic microbiota	1983:2010	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	1	27	theme	Ruminococcus	163:174	arg1	member					197:202	a dominant member	186:202	a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches	186:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	1	27	theme	Ruminococcus	163:174	arg1	bromii					176:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	1	28	theme	UNLABELLED	152:161	arg1	member					197:202	a dominant member	186:202	a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches	186:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	1	28	theme	UNLABELLED	152:161	arg1	bromii					176:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	2	29	theme	hydrolases	500:509	arg1	hydrolases					500:509	its 21 glycoside hydrolases	483:509	its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13)	483:540	Genomic analysis of R. bromii shows that it is highly specialized, with 15 of its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13).
26419877	2	29	theme	hydrolases	500:509	arg1	15					477:478	15	477:478	15	477:478	Genomic analysis of R. bromii shows that it is highly specialized, with 15 of its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13).
26419877	6	30	theme	dockerins	1160:1168	arg1	interactions					1123:1134	the binding interactions	1111:1134	the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii	1111:1183	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	14	31	theme	amylases	3127:3134	arg1	contribution					3095:3106	their contribution	3089:3106	their contribution to organization of amylases	3089:3134	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	11	32	theme	physiological	2190:2202	arg1	effects					2220:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects	2186:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids	2186:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	0	33	theme	Starch-Utilizing	79:94	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	1	34	theme	dominant	188:195	arg1	member					197:202	a dominant member	186:202	a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches	186:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	1	34	theme	dominant	188:195	arg1	bromii					176:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii	152:181	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	11	35	theme	metabolites	2241:2251	arg1	modulation					2145:2154	modulation	2145:2154	modulation of microbiota composition	2145:2180	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	11	35	theme	metabolites	2241:2251	arg1	effects					2220:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects	2186:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids	2186:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	0	36	theme	Colonic	102:108	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	1	37	theme	particulate	371:381	arg1	starches					395:402	particulate "resistant" starches	371:402	particulate "resistant" starches	371:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	9	38	theme	enzymes	1751:1757	arg1	organization					1718:1729	This organization	1713:1729	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes	1713:1757	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	0	39	from	Amylosomes	51:60	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	0	40	theme	Bacterium	121:129	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	1	41	theme	resistant	384:392	arg1	starches					395:402	particulate "resistant" starches	371:402	particulate "resistant" starches	371:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	10	42	theme	human	1987:1991	arg1	microbiota					2001:2010	the human colonic microbiota	1983:2010	the human colonic microbiota	1983:2010	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	11	43	theme	nutritional	2208:2218	arg1	effects					2220:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects	2186:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids	2186:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	10	44	from	growth	2064:2069	arg1	intestine					2078:2086	the intestine	2074:2086	the intestine	2074:2086	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	0	45	theme	Unique	0:5	arg1	Organization					7:18	Unique Organization	0:18	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.	0:150	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	12	46	dep	starches	2576:2583	arg1	starches					2600:2607	dietary starches	2592:2607	dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers	2592:2730	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	46	dep	starches	2576:2583	arg1	cross-linking					2781:2793	chemical cross-linking	2772:2793	chemical cross-linking	2772:2793	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	46	dep	starches	2576:2583	arg1	retrogradation					2753:2766	retrogradation	2753:2766	retrogradation	2753:2766	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	46	dep	starches	2576:2583	arg1	structure					2742:2750	particle structure	2733:2750	particle structure	2733:2750	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	7	47	from	present	1342:1348	arg1	Sca2					1375:1378	Sca2	1375:1378	Sca2	1375:1378	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	47	from	present	1342:1348	arg1	scaffoldin					1361:1370	protein scaffoldin 2	1353:1372	protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2)	1353:1379	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	14	48	theme	systems	3052:3058	arg1	organization					3016:3027	the organization	3012:3027	the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci	3012:3086	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	5	49	theme	dockerin	924:931	arg1	modules					933:939	dockerin modules	924:939	dockerin modules	924:939	Four of these enzymes are among 26 R. bromii proteins predicted to carry dockerin modules, with one, Amy4, also carrying a cohesin module.
26419877	6	50	theme	cohesin-dockerin	996:1011	arg1	interactions					1013:1024	cohesin-dockerin interactions	996:1024	cohesin-dockerin interactions	996:1024	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	9	51	theme	first	1793:1797	arg1	example					1799:1805	the first example	1789:1805	the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions	1789:1838	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	2	52	theme	R. bromii	425:433	arg1	analysis					413:420	Genomic analysis	405:420	Genomic analysis of R. bromii	405:433	Genomic analysis of R. bromii shows that it is highly specialized, with 15 of its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13).
26419877	0	53	theme	Amylases	37:44	arg1	Organization					7:18	Unique Organization	0:18	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.	0:150	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	14	54	theme	cellulosomal	3032:3043	arg1	systems					3052:3058	cellulosomal enzyme systems	3032:3058	cellulosomal enzyme systems	3032:3058	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	11	55	theme	microbiota	2159:2168	arg1	composition					2170:2180	microbiota composition	2159:2180	microbiota composition	2159:2180	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	13	56	theme	cohesin-dockerin	2906:2921	arg1	interactions					2923:2934	cohesin-dockerin interactions	2906:2934	cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins	2906:2961	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	6	57	theme	cellulolytic	1085:1096	arg1	ruminococci					1098:1108	cellulolytic ruminococci	1085:1108	cellulolytic ruminococci	1085:1108	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	9	58	theme	interactions	1827:1838	arg1	example					1799:1805	the first example	1789:1805	the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions	1789:1838	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	12	59	theme	nondigestible	2422:2434	arg1	substrates					2436:2445	nondigestible substrates	2422:2445	nondigestible substrates	2422:2445	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	60	dep	starches	2600:2607	arg1	i.e.					2586:2589	i.e.	2586:2589	i.e.	2586:2589	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	6	61	theme	complexes	1072:1080	arg1	formation					1051:1059	the formation	1047:1059	the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci	1047:1108	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	10	62	theme	energy	2033:2038	arg1	much					2021:2024	much	2021:2024	much	2021:2024	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	7	63	theme	cellulolytic	1440:1451	arg1	R. flavefaciens					1463:1477	R. flavefaciens	1463:1477	R. flavefaciens	1463:1477	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	63	theme	cellulolytic	1440:1451	arg1	relative					1453:1460	a cellulolytic relative	1438:1460	a cellulolytic relative	1438:1460	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	12	64	theme	keystone	2394:2401	arg1	roles					2403:2407	keystone roles	2394:2407	keystone roles	2394:2407	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	14	65	theme	starch-degrading	3199:3214	arg1	abilities					3216:3224	the starch-degrading abilities	3195:3224	the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii	3195:3237	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	4	66	theme	R. bromii	831:839	arg1	cultures					841:848	R. bromii cultures	831:848	R. bromii cultures	831:848	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	12	67	theme	dietary	2558:2564	arg1	starches					2576:2583	dietary resistant starches	2558:2583	dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking)	2558:2794	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	3	68	theme	energy	673:678	arg1	source					680:685	an energy source	670:685	an energy source	670:685	We found that amylase activity in R. bromii is expressed constitutively, with the activity seen during growth with fructose as an energy source being similar to that seen with starch as an energy source.
26419877	9	69	dep	unprecedented	1762:1774	arg1	"					1915:1915	"	1915:1915	"	1915:1915	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	7	70	theme	wall-anchoring	1412:1425	arg1	protein					1427:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein	1398:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens	1398:1477	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	6	71	theme	cohesins	1144:1151	arg1	interactions					1123:1134	the binding interactions	1111:1134	the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii	1111:1183	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	8	72	theme	cohesin-carrying	1594:1609	arg1	proteins					1611:1618	two other cohesin-carrying proteins	1584:1618	two other cohesin-carrying proteins	1584:1618	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	6	73	theme	fusion	1244:1249	arg1	them					1224:1227	them	1224:1227	them	1224:1227	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	6	73	theme	fusion	1244:1249	arg1	proteins					1251:1258	recombinant fusion proteins	1232:1258	recombinant fusion proteins	1232:1258	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	11	74	theme	composition	2170:2180	arg1	modulation					2145:2154	modulation	2145:2154	modulation of microbiota composition	2145:2180	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	11	74	theme	composition	2170:2180	arg1	effects					2220:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects	2186:2226	the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids	2186:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	7	75	theme	ScaE	1402:1405	arg1	protein					1427:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein	1398:1433	the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens	1398:1477	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	12	76	theme	exceptional	2527:2537	arg1	ability					2539:2545	an exceptional ability	2524:2545	an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking)	2524:2794	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	11	77	contain	has	2103:2105	arg1	activity					2094:2101	This activity	2089:2101	This activity	2089:2101	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	11	77	contain	has	2103:2105	arg2	consequences					2117:2128	important consequences	2107:2128	important consequences for health	2107:2139	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	12	78	from	digestion	2621:2629	arg1	tract					2677:2681	the upper gastrointestinal tract	2650:2681	the upper gastrointestinal tract	2650:2681	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	11	79	theme	important	2107:2115	arg1	consequences					2117:2128	important consequences	2107:2128	important consequences for health	2107:2139	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	6	80	theme	binding	1115:1121	arg1	interactions					1123:1134	the binding interactions	1111:1134	the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii	1111:1183	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	12	81	theme	little-studied	2470:2483	arg1	species					2485:2491	the dominant but little-studied species	2453:2491	the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking)	2453:2794	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	10	82	theme	IMPORTANCE	1917:1926	arg1	Fermentation					1928:1939	IMPORTANCE Fermentation	1917:1939	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota	1917:2010	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	1	83	theme	gut	217:219	arg1	microbiota					221:230	the human gut microbiota	207:230	the human gut microbiota	207:230	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	12	84	theme	chemical	2772:2779	arg1	starches					2600:2607	dietary starches	2592:2607	dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers	2592:2730	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	84	theme	chemical	2772:2779	arg1	cross-linking					2781:2793	chemical cross-linking	2772:2793	chemical cross-linking	2772:2793	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	85	theme	Recent	2327:2332	arg1	evidence					2334:2341	Recent evidence	2327:2341	Recent evidence	2327:2341	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	11	86	theme	energy	2278:2283	arg1	supply					2268:2273	the supply	2264:2273	the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids	2264:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	11	87	theme	fatty	2314:2318	arg1	acids					2320:2324	short-chain fatty acids	2302:2324	short-chain fatty acids	2302:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	12	88	theme	particle	2733:2740	arg1	starches					2600:2607	dietary starches	2592:2607	dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers	2592:2730	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	88	theme	particle	2733:2740	arg1	structure					2742:2750	particle structure	2733:2750	particle structure	2733:2750	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	10	89	theme	nondigestible	1952:1964	arg1	carbohydrates					1966:1978	dietary nondigestible carbohydrates	1944:1978	dietary nondigestible carbohydrates	1944:1978	IMPORTANCE Fermentation of dietary nondigestible carbohydrates by the human colonic microbiota supplies much of the energy that supports microbial growth in the intestine.
26419877	12	90	theme	human	2366:2370	arg1	bacteria					2380:2387	certain human colonic bacteria	2358:2387	certain human colonic bacteria	2358:2387	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	13	91	theme	system	2872:2877	arg1	organization					2834:2845	the unique organization	2823:2845	the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins	2823:2961	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	8	92	dep	amylases	1542:1549	arg1	Amy12					1574:1578	Amy12	1574:1578	Amy12	1574:1578	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	8	92	dep	amylases	1542:1549	arg1	Amy9					1557:1560	Amy9	1557:1560	Amy9	1557:1560	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	8	92	dep	amylases	1542:1549	arg1	Amy10					1563:1567	Amy10	1563:1567	Amy10	1563:1567	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	13	93	theme	R. bromii	2882:2890	arg1	system					2872:2877	the amylolytic enzyme system	2850:2877	the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii	2850:2890	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	5	94	theme	R. bromii	886:894	arg1	proteins					896:903	26 R. bromii proteins	883:903	26 R. bromii proteins predicted to carry dockerin modules	883:939	Four of these enzymes are among 26 R. bromii proteins predicted to carry dockerin modules, with one, Amy4, also carrying a cohesin module.
26419877	4	95	contain	carry	770:774	arg2	peptides					783:790	signal peptides	776:790	signal peptides	776:790	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	4	95	contain	carry	770:774	arg1	amylases					756:763	Six GH13 amylases	747:763	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides	747:790	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	0	96	theme	Resistant	69:77	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	2	97	theme	glycoside	490:498	arg1	hydrolases					500:509	its 21 glycoside hydrolases	483:509	its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13)	483:540	Genomic analysis of R. bromii shows that it is highly specialized, with 15 of its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13).
26419877	12	98	theme	upper	2654:2658	arg1	tract					2677:2681	the upper gastrointestinal tract	2650:2681	the upper gastrointestinal tract	2650:2681	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	0	99	theme	Human	96:100	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	1	100	theme	exceptional	342:352	arg1	activity					354:361	its exceptional activity	338:361	its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches	338:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	13	101	theme	amylolytic	2854:2863	arg1	system					2872:2877	the amylolytic enzyme system	2850:2877	the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii	2850:2890	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	5	102	theme	enzymes	865:871	arg1	enzymes					865:871	these enzymes	859:871	these enzymes	859:871	Four of these enzymes are among 26 R. bromii proteins predicted to carry dockerin modules, with one, Amy4, also carrying a cohesin module.
26419877	5	102	theme	enzymes	865:871	arg1	Four					851:854	Four	851:854	Four	851:854	Four of these enzymes are among 26 R. bromii proteins predicted to carry dockerin modules, with one, Amy4, also carrying a cohesin module.
26419877	8	103	theme	Further	1480:1486	arg1	complexes					1488:1496	Further complexes	1480:1496	Further complexes	1480:1496	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	12	104	theme	certain	2358:2364	arg1	bacteria					2380:2387	certain human colonic bacteria	2358:2387	certain human colonic bacteria	2358:2387	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	6	105	from	R. bromii	1175:1183	arg1	interactions					1123:1134	the binding interactions	1111:1134	the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii	1111:1183	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	6	105	from	R. bromii	1175:1183	arg1	cohesins					1144:1151	four cohesins	1139:1151	four cohesins	1139:1151	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	6	105	from	R. bromii	1175:1183	arg1	dockerins					1160:1168	11 dockerins	1157:1168	11 dockerins	1157:1168	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	0	106	theme	Firmicutes	110:119	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	9	107	theme	starch-degrading	1734:1749	arg1	enzymes					1751:1757	starch-degrading enzymes	1734:1757	starch-degrading enzymes	1734:1757	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	12	108	theme	host	2634:2637	arg1	enzymes					2639:2645	host enzymes	2634:2645	host enzymes	2634:2645	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	7	109	attach	present	1342:1348	arg1	Sca2					1375:1378	Sca2	1375:1378	Sca2	1375:1378	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	109	attach	present	1342:1348	arg2	cohesin					1334:1340	a cohesin	1332:1340	a cohesin	1332:1340	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	109	attach	present	1342:1348	arg1	scaffoldin					1361:1370	protein scaffoldin 2	1353:1372	protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2)	1353:1379	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	0	110	theme	Ruminococcus	131:142	arg1	bromii					144:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii	65:149	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	4	111	from	analysis	819:826	arg1	cultures					841:848	R. bromii cultures	831:848	R. bromii cultures	831:848	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	13	112	theme	unique	2827:2832	arg1	organization					2834:2845	the unique organization	2823:2845	the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins	2823:2961	In this report, we reveal the unique organization of the amylolytic enzyme system of R. bromii that involves cohesin-dockerin interactions between component proteins.
26419877	11	113	theme	microbial	2231:2239	arg1	supply					2268:2273	the supply	2264:2273	the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids	2264:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	11	113	theme	microbial	2231:2239	arg1	metabolites					2241:2251	microbial metabolites	2231:2251	microbial metabolites	2231:2251	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26419877	12	114	theme	dietary	2592:2598	arg1	starches					2600:2607	dietary starches	2592:2607	dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers	2592:2730	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	114	theme	dietary	2592:2598	arg1	cross-linking					2781:2793	chemical cross-linking	2772:2793	chemical cross-linking	2772:2793	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	114	theme	dietary	2592:2598	arg1	retrogradation					2753:2766	retrogradation	2753:2766	retrogradation	2753:2766	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	12	114	theme	dietary	2592:2598	arg1	structure					2742:2750	particle structure	2733:2750	particle structure	2733:2750	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	2	115	theme	Genomic	405:411	arg1	analysis					413:420	Genomic analysis	405:420	Genomic analysis of R. bromii	405:433	Genomic analysis of R. bromii shows that it is highly specialized, with 15 of its 21 glycoside hydrolases belonging to one family (GH13).
26419877	14	116	theme	ruminococci	3076:3086	arg1	organization					3016:3027	the organization	3012:3027	the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci	3012:3086	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	1	117	theme	"	393:393	arg1	starches					395:402	particulate "resistant" starches	371:402	particulate "resistant" starches	371:402	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	8	118	theme	dockerin-carrying	1524:1540	arg1	amylases					1542:1549	the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins	1520:1618	amylases	1542:1549	Further complexes are predicted between the dockerin-carrying amylases Amy4, Amy9, Amy10, and Amy12 and two other cohesin-carrying proteins, while Amy4 has the ability to autoaggregate, as its dockerin can recognize its own cohesin.
26419877	3	119	from	activity	565:572	arg1	R. bromii					577:585	R. bromii	577:585	R. bromii	577:585	We found that amylase activity in R. bromii is expressed constitutively, with the activity seen during growth with fructose as an energy source being similar to that seen with starch as an energy source.
26419877	0	120	theme	Extracellular	23:35	arg1	Amylases					37:44	Extracellular Amylases	23:44	Extracellular Amylases	23:44	Unique Organization of Extracellular Amylases into Amylosomes in the Resistant Starch-Utilizing Human Colonic Firmicutes Bacterium Ruminococcus bromii.
26419877	12	121	theme	dominant	2457:2464	arg1	species					2485:2491	the dominant but little-studied species	2453:2491	the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking)	2453:2794	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	6	122	from	interactions	1123:1134	arg1	R. bromii					1175:1183	R. bromii	1175:1183	R. bromii	1175:1183	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	14	123	theme	enzyme	3045:3050	arg1	systems					3052:3058	cellulosomal enzyme systems	3032:3058	cellulosomal enzyme systems	3032:3058	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	7	124	from	scaffoldin	1361:1370	arg1	present					1342:1348	present	1342:1348	present	1342:1348	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	4	125	theme	signal	776:781	arg1	peptides					783:790	signal peptides	776:790	signal peptides	776:790	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	1	126	theme	host	321:324	arg1	enzymes					326:332	host enzymes	321:332	host enzymes	321:332	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	5	127	theme	cohesin	974:980	arg1	module					982:987	a cohesin module	972:987	a cohesin module	972:987	Four of these enzymes are among 26 R. bromii proteins predicted to carry dockerin modules, with one, Amy4, also carrying a cohesin module.
26419877	9	128	theme	cohesin-dockerin	1810:1825	arg1	interactions					1827:1838	cohesin-dockerin interactions	1810:1838	cohesin-dockerin interactions	1810:1838	This organization of starch-degrading enzymes is unprecedented and provides the first example of cohesin-dockerin interactions being involved in an amylolytic system, which we refer to as an "amylosome."
26419877	12	129	theme	resistant	2566:2574	arg1	starches					2576:2583	dietary resistant starches	2558:2583	dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking)	2558:2794	Recent evidence indicates that certain human colonic bacteria play keystone roles in degrading nondigestible substrates, with the dominant but little-studied species Ruminococcus bromii displaying an exceptional ability to degrade dietary resistant starches (i.e., dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes in the upper gastrointestinal tract because of protection provided by other polymers, particle structure, retrogradation, or chemical cross-linking).
26419877	4	130	theme	GH13	751:754	arg1	amylases					756:763	Six GH13 amylases	747:763	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides	747:790	Six GH13 amylases that carry signal peptides were detected by proteomic analysis in R. bromii cultures.
26419877	6	131	from	formation	1051:1059	arg1	ruminococci					1098:1108	cellulolytic ruminococci	1085:1108	cellulolytic ruminococci	1085:1108	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	14	132	theme	R. bromii	3229:3237	arg1	abilities					3216:3224	the starch-degrading abilities	3195:3224	the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii	3195:3237	While dockerins and cohesins are fundamental to the organization of cellulosomal enzyme systems of cellulolytic ruminococci, their contribution to organization of amylases has not previously been recognized and may help to explain the starch-degrading abilities of R. bromii.
26419877	1	133	theme	key	245:247	arg1	role					249:252	a key role	243:252	a key role	243:252	UNLABELLED Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human gut microbiota that plays a key role in releasing energy from dietary starches that escape digestion by host enzymes via its exceptional activity against particulate "resistant" starches.
26419877	7	134	dep	enzymes	1288:1294	arg1	enzymes					1288:1294	the enzymes	1284:1294	the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9	1284:1308	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	134	dep	enzymes	1288:1294	arg1	Amy9					1305:1308	Amy9	1305:1308	Amy9	1305:1308	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	7	134	dep	enzymes	1288:1294	arg1	Amy4					1296:1299	Amy4	1296:1299	Amy4	1296:1299	Dockerins possessed by the enzymes Amy4 and Amy9 are predicted to bind a cohesin present in protein scaffoldin 2 (Sca2), which resembles the ScaE cell wall-anchoring protein of a cellulolytic relative, R. flavefaciens.
26419877	6	135	theme	protein	1064:1070	arg1	complexes					1072:1080	protein complexes	1064:1080	protein complexes	1064:1080	Since cohesin-dockerin interactions are known to mediate the formation of protein complexes in cellulolytic ruminococci, the binding interactions of four cohesins and 11 dockerins from R. bromii were investigated after overexpressing them as recombinant fusion proteins.
26419877	11	136	theme	short-chain	2302:2312	arg1	acids					2320:2324	short-chain fatty acids	2302:2324	short-chain fatty acids	2302:2324	This activity has important consequences for health via modulation of microbiota composition and the physiological and nutritional effects of microbial metabolites, including the supply of energy to the host from short-chain fatty acids.
26720133	1	0	theme	bacterial	217:225	arg1	communities					238:248	both bacterial and fungal communities	212:248	both bacterial and fungal communities	212:248	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	4	1	theme	artificial	905:914	arg1	control					916:922	artificial control	905:922	artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration	905:966	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	0	2	from	changes	8:14	arg1	compost					71:77	the compost	67:77	the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	67:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	4	3	dep	temperature	931:941	arg1	the					927:929	the	927:929	the	927:929	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	4	4	theme	waste	995:999	arg1	degradation					1001:1011	organic waste degradation	987:1011	organic waste degradation	987:1011	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	0	5	theme	90-m	84:87	arg1	state					106:110	a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	82:110	a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	82:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	3	6	theme	bacterial	625:633	arg1	community					635:643	the bacterial community	621:643	the bacterial community	621:643	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	4	7	theme	organic	987:993	arg1	degradation					1001:1011	organic waste degradation	987:1011	organic waste degradation	987:1011	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	1	8	theme	fungal	231:236	arg1	communities					238:248	both bacterial and fungal communities	212:248	both bacterial and fungal communities	212:248	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	2	9	theme	stable	460:465	arg1	structure					478:486	a stable and simple structure	458:486	a stable and simple structure	458:486	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	0	10	from	community	54:62	arg1	compost					71:77	the compost	67:77	the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	67:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	11	from	depths	275:280	arg1	compost					289:295	the compost	285:295	the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	285:335	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	11	from	depths	275:280	arg1	changes					169:175	The dynamic changes	157:175	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	157:335	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	12	theme	communities	238:248	arg1	function					200:207	function	200:207	function	200:207	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	12	theme	communities	238:248	arg1	composition					184:194	composition	184:194	composition	184:194	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	3	13	theme	cellulose	665:673	arg1	degradation					675:685	cellulose degradation	665:685	cellulose degradation	665:685	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	2	14	theme	middle	413:418	arg1	layer					420:424	the middle layer	409:424	the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost	409:446	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	2	14	theme	middle	413:418	arg1	1.2m					427:430	1.2m	427:430	1.2m	427:430	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	2	15	dep	Thermobifida	528:539	arg1	Bacillus					542:549	Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus	528:578	Bacillus	542:549	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	4	16	theme	oxygen	947:952	arg1	concentration					954:966	oxygen concentration	947:966	oxygen concentration	947:966	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	4	17	theme	concentration	954:966	arg1	control					916:922	artificial control	905:922	artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration	905:966	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	1	18	theme	industrial-scale	310:325	arg1	fermentor					327:335	a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	300:335	a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	300:335	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	19	theme	Dynamic	0:6	arg1	changes					8:14	Dynamic changes	0:14	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	0:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	20	theme	dynamic	161:167	arg1	changes					169:175	The dynamic changes	157:175	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	157:335	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	21	theme	aerobic	92:98	arg1	state					106:110	a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	82:110	a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	82:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	2	22	theme	microbial	384:392	arg1	communities					394:404	The microbial communities	380:404	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost	380:446	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	4	23	theme	temperature	931:941	arg1	control					916:922	artificial control	905:922	artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration	905:966	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	1	24	theme	fermentor	327:335	arg1	compost					289:295	the compost	285:295	the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	285:335	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	25	theme	functioning	32:42	arg1	community					54:62	the dominant functioning microbial community	19:62	the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	19:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	26	theme	state	106:110	arg1	compost					71:77	the compost	67:77	the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	67:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	27	from	compost	71:77	arg1	changes					8:14	Dynamic changes	0:14	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	0:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	4	28	theme	fermentation	1043:1054	arg1	cycle					1056:1060	the fermentation cycle	1039:1060	the fermentation cycle	1039:1060	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	0	29	theme	dominant	23:30	arg1	community					54:62	the dominant functioning microbial community	19:62	the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	19:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	30	theme	various	267:273	arg1	depths					275:280	various depths	267:280	various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor	267:335	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	31	theme	solid	100:104	arg1	state					106:110	a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	82:110	a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	82:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	2	32	theme	simple	471:476	arg1	structure					478:486	a stable and simple structure	458:486	a stable and simple structure	458:486	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	0	33	theme	community	54:62	arg1	changes					8:14	Dynamic changes	0:14	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	0:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	34	theme	microbial	44:52	arg1	community					54:62	the dominant functioning microbial community	19:62	the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state	19:110	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	35	theme	integrated	357:366	arg1	meta-omics					368:377	integrated meta-omics	357:377	integrated meta-omics	357:377	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	36	from	changes	169:175	arg1	function					200:207	function	200:207	function	200:207	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	1	36	from	changes	169:175	arg1	composition					184:194	composition	184:194	composition	184:194	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	37	theme	integrated	134:143	arg1	meta-omics					145:154	integrated meta-omics	134:154	integrated meta-omics	134:154	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	4	38	theme	degradation	1001:1011	arg1	efficiency					973:982	the efficiency	969:982	the efficiency of organic waste degradation	969:1011	The results revealed that, under artificial control of the temperature and oxygen concentration, the efficiency of organic waste degradation was greatly increased and the fermentation cycle was shortened to 11 days.
26720133	1	39	dep	composition	184:194	arg1	the					180:182	the	180:182	the	180:182	The dynamic changes in the composition and function of both bacterial and fungal communities over time and at various depths in the compost of a 90-m(3) industrial-scale fermentor were explored using integrated meta-omics.
26720133	0	40	dep	fermentor	112:120	arg1	revealed					122:129	revealed	122:129	fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics	112:154	Dynamic changes of the dominant functioning microbial community in the compost of a 90-m(3) aerobic solid state fermentor revealed by integrated meta-omics.
26720133	2	41	theme	compost	440:446	arg1	layer					420:424	the middle layer	409:424	the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost	409:446	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	2	41	theme	compost	440:446	arg1	1.2m					427:430	1.2m	427:430	1.2m	427:430	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	3	42	theme	metaproteomic	598:610	arg1	results					612:618	the metaproteomic results	594:618	the metaproteomic results	594:618	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	3	43	theme	fungal	773:778	arg1	community					780:788	the fungal community	769:788	the fungal community	769:788	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	3	43	theme	fungal	773:778	arg1	likely					799:804	likely	799:804	likely	799:804	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	3	44	theme	cellulases	716:725	arg1	%					707:707	44%	705:707	44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus	705:869	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	3	44	theme	cellulases	716:725	arg1	cellulases					716:725	the cellulases	712:725	the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus	712:869	According to the metaproteomic results, the bacterial community was more focused on cellulose degradation, characterized by 44% of the cellulases that were secreted by Thermobifida, while the fungal community was more likely to degrade hemicellulose, mainly via Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	2	45	from	communities	394:404	arg1	layer					420:424	the middle layer	409:424	the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost	409:446	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
26720133	2	45	from	communities	394:404	arg1	1.2m					427:430	1.2m	427:430	1.2m	427:430	The microbial communities in the middle layer (1.2m) of the compost developed a stable and simple structure over time, which was mainly composed of Thermobifida, Bacillus, Thermomyces and Aspergillus.
25231862	1	0	theme	used	147:150	arg1	additives					157:165	most widely used food additives	135:165	the most widely used food additives worldwide	131:175	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	4	1	theme	deleterious	612:622	arg1	effects					634:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects	593:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects	593:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	2	2	theme	scientific	335:344	arg1	data					346:349	supporting scientific data	324:349	supporting scientific data	324:349	NAS consumption is considered safe and beneficial owing to their low caloric content, yet supporting scientific data remain sparse and controversial.
25231862	4	3	theme	NAS-mediated	599:610	arg1	effects					634:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects	593:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects	593:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	4	4	theme	microbiota	815:824	arg1	transplantation					739:753	faecal transplantation	732:753	faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS	732:871	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	5	5	from	intolerance	1046:1056	arg1	subjects					1075:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	2	6	theme	caloric	303:309	arg1	content					311:317	their low caloric content	293:317	their low caloric content	293:317	NAS consumption is considered safe and beneficial owing to their low caloric content, yet supporting scientific data remain sparse and controversial.
25231862	4	7	theme	configurations	769:782	arg1	transplantation					739:753	faecal transplantation	732:753	faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS	732:871	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	4	8	theme	faecal	732:737	arg1	transplantation					739:753	faecal transplantation	732:753	faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS	732:871	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	3	9	theme	intolerance	489:499	arg1	development					466:476	the development	462:476	the development of glucose intolerance	462:499	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	5	10	theme	microbial	898:906	arg1	pathways					918:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways	886:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease	886:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	3	11	theme	functional	540:549	arg1	alterations					551:561	compositional and functional alterations	522:561	compositional and functional alterations	522:561	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	6	12	theme	metabolic	1147:1155	arg1	abnormalities					1157:1169	metabolic abnormalities	1147:1169	metabolic abnormalities	1147:1169	Collectively, our results link NAS consumption, dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities, thereby calling for a reassessment of massive NAS usage.
25231862	1	13	theme	additives	157:165	arg1	worldwide					167:175	the most widely used food additives worldwide	131:175	the most widely used food additives worldwide	131:175	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	4	14	theme	metabolic	624:632	arg1	effects					634:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects	593:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects	593:640	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	5	15	theme	metabolic	969:977	arg1	disease					979:985	metabolic disease	969:985	metabolic disease	969:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	1	16	theme	Non-caloric	81:91	arg1	sweeteners					104:113	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners	81:113	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS)	81:119	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	1	16	theme	Non-caloric	81:91	arg1	NAS					116:118	NAS	116:118	NAS	116:118	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	3	17	theme	NAS	438:440	arg1	formulations					442:453	commonly used NAS formulations	424:453	commonly used NAS formulations	424:453	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	1	18	theme	artificial	93:102	arg1	sweeteners					104:113	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners	81:113	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS)	81:119	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	1	18	theme	artificial	93:102	arg1	NAS					116:118	NAS	116:118	NAS	116:118	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	4	19	theme	germ-free	712:720	arg1	mice					722:725	germ-free mice	712:725	germ-free mice	712:725	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	0	20	theme	Artificial	0:9	arg1	sweeteners					11:20	Artificial sweeteners	0:20	Artificial sweeteners	0:20	Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota.
25231862	4	21	from	mice	803:806	arg1	transplantation					739:753	faecal transplantation	732:753	faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS	732:871	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	4	21	from	mice	803:806	arg1	configurations					769:782	microbiota configurations	758:782	microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice	758:806	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	2	22	theme	low	299:301	arg1	content					311:317	their low caloric content	293:317	their low caloric content	293:317	NAS consumption is considered safe and beneficial owing to their low caloric content, yet supporting scientific data remain sparse and controversial.
25231862	0	23	theme	glucose	29:35	arg1	intolerance					37:47	glucose intolerance	29:47	glucose intolerance	29:47	Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota.
25231862	5	24	theme	metabolic	908:916	arg1	pathways					918:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways	886:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease	886:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	3	25	theme	intestinal	570:579	arg1	microbiota					581:590	the intestinal microbiota	566:590	the intestinal microbiota	566:590	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	5	26	theme	NAS-altered	886:896	arg1	pathways					918:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways	886:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease	886:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	4	27	theme	NAS-consuming	789:801	arg1	mice					803:806	NAS-consuming mice	789:806	NAS-consuming mice	789:806	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	5	28	theme	NAS-induced	1012:1022	arg1	dysbiosis					1024:1032	similar NAS-induced dysbiosis	1004:1032	similar NAS-induced dysbiosis	1004:1032	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	1	29	theme	food	152:155	arg1	additives					157:165	most widely used food additives	135:165	the most widely used food additives worldwide	131:175	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	5	30	theme	host	946:949	arg1	susceptibility					951:964	host susceptibility	946:964	host susceptibility to metabolic disease	946:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	3	31	theme	formulations	442:453	arg1	consumption					409:419	consumption	409:419	consumption of commonly used NAS formulations	409:453	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	1	32	theme	lean	200:203	arg1	individuals					215:225	lean and obese individuals	200:225	lean and obese individuals alike	200:231	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	3	33	theme	used	433:436	arg1	formulations					442:453	commonly used NAS formulations	424:453	commonly used NAS formulations	424:453	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	5	34	theme	similar	1004:1010	arg1	dysbiosis					1024:1032	similar NAS-induced dysbiosis	1004:1032	similar NAS-induced dysbiosis	1004:1032	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	4	35	theme	NAS	869:871	arg1	presence					857:864	the presence	853:864	the presence of NAS	853:871	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	6	36	theme	NAS	1116:1118	arg1	consumption					1120:1130	NAS consumption	1116:1130	NAS consumption	1116:1130	Collectively, our results link NAS consumption, dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities, thereby calling for a reassessment of massive NAS usage.
25231862	5	37	attach	linked	936:941	arg2	pathways					918:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways	886:925	NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease	886:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	5	37	attach	linked	936:941	arg1	susceptibility					951:964	host susceptibility	946:964	host susceptibility to metabolic disease	946:985	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	2	38	theme	supporting	324:333	arg1	data					346:349	supporting scientific data	324:349	supporting scientific data	324:349	NAS consumption is considered safe and beneficial owing to their low caloric content, yet supporting scientific data remain sparse and controversial.
25231862	6	39	theme	massive	1210:1216	arg1	usage					1222:1226	massive NAS usage	1210:1226	massive NAS usage	1210:1226	Collectively, our results link NAS consumption, dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities, thereby calling for a reassessment of massive NAS usage.
25231862	5	40	from	dysbiosis	1024:1032	arg1	subjects					1075:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	4	41	theme	microbiota	758:767	arg1	configurations					769:782	microbiota configurations	758:782	microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice	758:806	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	5	42	theme	human	1069:1073	arg1	subjects					1075:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	1	43	theme	obese	209:213	arg1	individuals					215:225	lean and obese individuals	200:225	lean and obese individuals alike	200:231	Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike.
25231862	3	44	theme	alterations	551:561	arg1	induction					509:517	induction	509:517	induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota	509:590	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	5	45	theme	glucose	1038:1044	arg1	intolerance					1046:1056	glucose intolerance	1038:1056	glucose intolerance	1038:1056	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	3	46	theme	glucose	481:487	arg1	intolerance					489:499	glucose intolerance	481:499	glucose intolerance	481:499	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	6	47	theme	NAS	1218:1220	arg1	usage					1222:1226	massive NAS usage	1210:1226	massive NAS usage	1210:1226	Collectively, our results link NAS consumption, dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities, thereby calling for a reassessment of massive NAS usage.
25231862	3	48	theme	compositional	522:534	arg1	alterations					551:561	compositional and functional alterations	522:561	compositional and functional alterations	522:561	Here we demonstrate that consumption of commonly used NAS formulations drives the development of glucose intolerance through induction of compositional and functional alterations to the intestinal microbiota.
25231862	4	49	theme	antibiotic	659:668	arg1	treatment					670:678	antibiotic treatment	659:678	antibiotic treatment	659:678	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
25231862	0	50	theme	gut	65:67	arg1	microbiota					69:78	the gut microbiota	61:78	the gut microbiota	61:78	Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota.
25231862	6	51	theme	usage	1222:1226	arg1	reassessment					1194:1205	a reassessment	1192:1205	a reassessment of massive NAS usage	1192:1226	Collectively, our results link NAS consumption, dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities, thereby calling for a reassessment of massive NAS usage.
25231862	2	52	theme	NAS	234:236	arg1	consumption					238:248	NAS consumption	234:248	NAS consumption	234:248	NAS consumption is considered safe and beneficial owing to their low caloric content, yet supporting scientific data remain sparse and controversial.
25231862	5	53	theme	healthy	1061:1067	arg1	subjects					1075:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	healthy human subjects	1061:1082	We identify NAS-altered microbial metabolic pathways that are linked to host susceptibility to metabolic disease, and demonstrate similar NAS-induced dysbiosis and glucose intolerance in healthy human subjects.
25231862	4	54	from	transplantation	739:753	arg1	mice					803:806	NAS-consuming mice	789:806	NAS-consuming mice	789:806	These NAS-mediated deleterious metabolic effects are abrogated by antibiotic treatment, and are fully transferrable to germ-free mice upon faecal transplantation of microbiota configurations from NAS-consuming mice, or of microbiota anaerobically incubated in the presence of NAS.
26940176	8	0	from	memory	1217:1222	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	11	1	theme	drink	1587:1591	arg1	intake					1593:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	2	2	theme	other	329:333	arg1	diseases					351:358	other cardiometabolic diseases	329:358	other cardiometabolic diseases	329:358	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	9	3	theme	other	1441:1445	arg1	factors					1485:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors.
26940176	8	4	theme	poorer	1180:1185	arg1	performance					1187:1197	poorer performance	1180:1197	poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals	1180:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	11	5	theme	causal	1719:1724	arg1	mechanisms					1726:1735	the underlying causal mechanisms	1704:1735	the underlying causal mechanisms	1704:1735	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	11	6	theme	sugar-sweetened	1566:1580	arg1	intake					1593:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	2	7	theme	higher	285:290	arg1	risk					292:295	a higher risk	283:295	a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases	283:358	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	1	8	theme	nutrition	177:185	arg1	importance					154:163	The importance	150:163	The importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance	150:210	The importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance is well recognised.
26940176	8	9	theme	spatial	1209:1215	arg1	memory					1217:1222	visual spatial memory	1202:1222	visual spatial memory	1202:1222	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	10	theme	executive	1264:1272	arg1	function					1274:1281	executive function	1264:1281	executive function	1264:1281	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	1	11	theme	cognitive	190:198	arg1	performance					200:210	cognitive performance	190:210	cognitive performance	190:210	The importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance is well recognised.
26940176	7	12	theme	drinks	1016:1021	arg1	intake					1001:1006	Usual dietary intake	987:1006	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks	987:1021	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks was assessed using a FFQ.
26940176	5	13	theme	aged	837:840	arg1	participants					823:834	803 community-dwelling participants	800:834	803 community-dwelling participants	800:834	Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23-98 years, from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	6	14	theme	neuropsychological	961:978	arg1	tests					980:984	neuropsychological tests	961:984	neuropsychological tests	961:984	Cognitive function was measured using an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests.
26940176	8	15	theme	global	1288:1293	arg1	composite					1295:1303	the global composite	1284:1303	the global composite	1284:1303	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	0	16	theme	Longitudinal	130:141	arg1	Study					143:147	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	111:147	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	111:147	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	4	17	dep	both	553:556	arg1	sugar-sweetened					558:572	sugar-sweetened	558:572	sugar-sweetened	558:572	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	0	18	from	function	65:72	arg1	individuals					77:87	individuals	77:87	individuals with type 2 diabetes	77:108	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	8	19	from	tracking	1254:1261	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	20	theme	Mini-Mental	1313:1323	arg1	Examination					1331:1341	the Mini-Mental State Examination	1309:1341	the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals	1309:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	4	21	dep	beverages	583:591	arg1	both					553:556	both	553:556	both	553:556	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	4	21	dep	beverages	583:591	arg1	diet					578:581	diet	578:581	diet	578:581	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	2	22	theme	soft	251:254	arg1	drinks					256:261	soft drinks	251:261	soft drinks	251:261	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	7	23	theme	dietary	993:999	arg1	intake					1001:1006	Usual dietary intake	987:1006	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks	987:1021	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks was assessed using a FFQ.
26940176	8	24	theme	diabetic	1346:1353	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	6	25	theme	Cognitive	899:907	arg1	function					909:916	Cognitive function	899:916	Cognitive function	899:916	Cognitive function was measured using an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests.
26940176	1	26	from	importance	154:163	arg1	performance					200:210	cognitive performance	190:210	cognitive performance	190:210	The importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance is well recognised.
26940176	0	27	theme	type	94:97	arg1	diabetes					101:108	type 2 diabetes	94:108	type 2 diabetes	94:108	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	10	28	theme	drink	1504:1508	arg1	intake					1510:1515	Diet soft drink intake	1494:1515	Diet soft drink intake	1494:1515	Diet soft drink intake was unrelated to cognitive performance.
26940176	3	29	theme	soft	424:427	arg1	drinks					429:434	soft drinks	424:434	soft drinks	424:434	A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function.
26940176	10	30	theme	Diet	1494:1497	arg1	intake					1510:1515	Diet soft drink intake	1494:1515	Diet soft drink intake	1494:1515	Diet soft drink intake was unrelated to cognitive performance.
26940176	0	31	theme	Sugar-sweetened	0:14	arg1	drinks					21:26	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks	0:26	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks	0:26	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	8	32	from	Examination	1331:1341	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	4	33	theme	soft	523:526	arg1	beverages					583:591	both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages	553:591	both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages	553:591	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	4	33	theme	soft	523:526	arg1	intakes					534:540	soft drink intakes	523:540	soft drink intakes	523:540	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	11	34	theme	soft	1582:1585	arg1	intake					1593:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	4	35	theme	type	729:732	arg1	diabetes					736:743	type 2 diabetes	729:743	type 2 diabetes	729:743	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	9	36	theme	lifestyle	1463:1471	arg1	factors					1485:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors.
26940176	0	37	theme	poorer	48:53	arg1	function					65:72	poorer cognitive function	48:72	poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes	48:108	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	3	38	theme	cognitive	454:462	arg1	function					464:471	cognitive function	454:471	cognitive function	454:471	A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function.
26940176	9	39	theme	statistical	1409:1419	arg1	control					1421:1427	statistical control	1409:1427	statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1409:1491	These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors.
26940176	8	40	theme	sugar-sweetened	1118:1132	arg1	drinks					1139:1144	sugar-sweetened soft drinks	1118:1144	sugar-sweetened soft drinks	1118:1144	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	12	41	theme	causal	1840:1845	arg1	mechanisms					1847:1856	the underlying causal mechanisms	1825:1856	the underlying causal mechanisms	1825:1856	Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify these findings and the underlying causal mechanisms.
26940176	4	42	theme	cardiovascular	654:667	arg1	factors					692:698	cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	654:698	cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	654:698	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	11	43	with	individuals	1666:1676	arg1	diabetes					1690:1697	type 2 diabetes	1683:1697	type 2 diabetes	1683:1697	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	11	44	theme	type	1683:1686	arg1	diabetes					1690:1697	type 2 diabetes	1683:1697	type 2 diabetes	1683:1697	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	8	45	theme	drinks	1139:1144	arg1	intake					1108:1113	a greater intake	1098:1113	a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks	1098:1144	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	2	46	theme	cardiometabolic	335:349	arg1	diseases					351:358	other cardiometabolic diseases	329:358	other cardiometabolic diseases	329:358	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	0	47	with	individuals	77:87	arg1	diabetes					101:108	type 2 diabetes	94:108	type 2 diabetes	94:108	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	9	48	theme	cardiovascular	1447:1460	arg1	factors					1485:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors.
26940176	8	49	from	scanning	1241:1248	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	11	50	theme	Frequent	1557:1564	arg1	intake					1593:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake	1557:1598	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	1	51	theme	adequate	168:175	arg1	nutrition					177:185	adequate nutrition	168:185	adequate nutrition	168:185	The importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance is well recognised.
26940176	8	52	from	memory	1233:1238	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	11	53	theme	underlying	1708:1717	arg1	mechanisms					1726:1735	the underlying causal mechanisms	1704:1735	the underlying causal mechanisms	1704:1735	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	11	54	theme	poorer	1620:1625	arg1	performance					1637:1647	poorer cognitive performance	1620:1647	poorer cognitive performance	1620:1647	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	9	55	theme	dietary	1477:1483	arg1	factors					1485:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	1441:1491	These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors.
26940176	8	56	theme	visual	1202:1207	arg1	memory					1217:1222	visual spatial memory	1202:1222	visual spatial memory	1202:1222	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	0	57	theme	Maine-Syracuse	115:128	arg1	Study					143:147	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	111:147	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	111:147	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	2	58	theme	type	301:304	arg1	diabetes					308:315	type 2 diabetes	301:315	type 2 diabetes	301:315	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	6	59	theme	tests	980:984	arg1	battery					950:956	an extensive battery	937:956	an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests	937:984	Cognitive function was measured using an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests.
26940176	5	60	theme	Maine-Syracuse	864:877	arg1	Study					892:896	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	860:896	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	860:896	Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23-98 years, from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	8	61	theme	working	1225:1231	arg1	memory					1233:1238	working memory	1225:1238	working memory	1225:1238	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	4	62	theme	cognitive	614:622	arg1	function					624:631	cognitive function	614:631	cognitive function	614:631	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	2	63	theme	Greater	232:238	arg1	intakes					240:246	Greater intakes	232:246	Greater intakes of soft drinks	232:261	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	6	64	theme	extensive	940:948	arg1	battery					950:956	an extensive battery	937:956	an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests	937:984	Cognitive function was measured using an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests.
26940176	4	65	theme	dietary	684:690	arg1	factors					692:698	cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	654:698	cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	654:698	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	2	66	theme	drinks	256:261	arg1	intakes					240:246	Greater intakes	232:246	Greater intakes of soft drinks	232:261	Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases.
26940176	7	67	theme	soft	1011:1014	arg1	drinks					1016:1021	soft drinks	1011:1021	soft drinks	1011:1021	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks was assessed using a FFQ.
26940176	5	68	theme	Longitudinal	879:890	arg1	Study					892:896	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	860:896	the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study	860:896	Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23-98 years, from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	12	69	theme	Longitudinal	1763:1774	arg1	studies					1776:1782	Longitudinal studies	1763:1782	Longitudinal studies	1763:1782	Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify these findings and the underlying causal mechanisms.
26940176	8	70	theme	State	1325:1329	arg1	Examination					1331:1341	the Mini-Mental State Examination	1309:1341	the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals	1309:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	71	from	function	1274:1281	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	4	72	theme	study	490:494	arg1	aim					478:480	The aim	474:480	The aim of this study	474:494	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	4	73	theme	lifestyle	670:678	arg1	factors					692:698	cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	654:698	cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors	654:698	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	7	74	theme	Usual	987:991	arg1	intake					1001:1006	Usual dietary intake	987:1006	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks	987:1021	Usual dietary intake of soft drinks was assessed using a FFQ.
26940176	8	75	theme	type	1067:1070	arg1	diabetes					1074:1081	type 2 diabetes	1067:1081	type 2 diabetes	1067:1081	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	5	76	from	Study	892:896	arg1	participants					823:834	803 community-dwelling participants	800:834	803 community-dwelling participants	800:834	Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23-98 years, from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	10	77	theme	soft	1499:1502	arg1	intake					1510:1515	Diet soft drink intake	1494:1515	Diet soft drink intake	1494:1515	Diet soft drink intake was unrelated to cognitive performance.
26940176	3	78	theme	drinks	429:434	arg1	intake					414:419	the intake	410:419	the intake of soft drinks	410:434	A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function.
26940176	3	78	theme	drinks	429:434	arg1	related					443:449	related	443:449	related	443:449	A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function.
26940176	0	79	theme	soft	16:19	arg1	drinks					21:26	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks	0:26	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks	0:26	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	4	80	theme	drink	528:532	arg1	beverages					583:591	both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages	553:591	both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages	553:591	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	4	80	theme	drink	528:532	arg1	intakes					534:540	soft drink intakes	523:540	soft drink intakes	523:540	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	4	81	theme	stratified	705:714	arg1	status					745:750	stratified according to type 2 diabetes status	705:750	stratified according to type 2 diabetes status	705:750	The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status.
26940176	5	82	theme	community-dwelling	804:821	arg1	participants					823:834	803 community-dwelling participants	800:834	803 community-dwelling participants	800:834	Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23-98 years, from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	8	83	from	composite	1295:1303	arg1	individuals					1355:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	diabetic individuals	1346:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	3	84	theme	few	363:365	arg1	studies					367:373	A few studies	361:373	A few studies	361:373	A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function.
26940176	5	85	theme	Cross-sectional	753:767	arg1	analyses					769:776	Cross-sectional analyses	753:776	Cross-sectional analyses	753:776	Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23-98 years, from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	8	86	theme	greater	1100:1106	arg1	intake					1108:1113	a greater intake	1098:1113	a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks	1098:1144	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	0	87	theme	cognitive	55:63	arg1	function					65:72	poorer cognitive function	48:72	poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes	48:108	Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.
26940176	11	88	theme	cognitive	1627:1635	arg1	performance					1637:1647	poorer cognitive performance	1620:1647	poorer cognitive performance	1620:1647	Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined.
26940176	8	89	theme	soft	1134:1137	arg1	drinks					1139:1144	sugar-sweetened soft drinks	1118:1144	sugar-sweetened soft drinks	1118:1144	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	90	from	performance	1187:1197	arg1	memory					1217:1222	visual spatial memory	1202:1222	visual spatial memory	1202:1222	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	90	from	performance	1187:1197	arg1	Examination					1331:1341	the Mini-Mental State Examination	1309:1341	the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals	1309:1365	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	90	from	performance	1187:1197	arg1	composite					1295:1303	the global composite	1284:1303	the global composite	1284:1303	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	90	from	performance	1187:1197	arg1	memory					1233:1238	working memory	1225:1238	working memory	1225:1238	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	90	from	performance	1187:1197	arg1	function					1274:1281	executive function	1264:1281	executive function	1264:1281	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	8	90	from	performance	1187:1197	arg1	scanning					1241:1248	scanning	1241:1248	scanning	1241:1248	Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals.
26940176	10	91	theme	cognitive	1534:1542	arg1	performance					1544:1554	cognitive performance	1534:1554	cognitive performance	1534:1554	Diet soft drink intake was unrelated to cognitive performance.
26940176	12	92	theme	underlying	1829:1838	arg1	mechanisms					1847:1856	the underlying causal mechanisms	1825:1856	the underlying causal mechanisms	1825:1856	Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify these findings and the underlying causal mechanisms.
27387996	7	0	theme	potential	1738:1746	arg1	changes					1748:1754	potential changes	1738:1754	potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE	1738:1827	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	8	1	theme	various	1943:1949	arg1	origins					1951:1957	various origins	1943:1957	various origins upon PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS	1943:2021	Graphical Abstract Tracking the characteristics of DOM from various origins upon PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS.
27387996	1	2	theme	advanced	251:258	arg1	measurements					260:271	advanced measurements	251:271	advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	251:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	2	theme	advanced	251:258	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	2	3	theme	size	680:683	arg1	chromatography					695:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	0	4	theme	Structural	0:9	arg1	changes					29:35	Structural and compositional changes	0:35	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction	0:91	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	2	5	theme	analytical	611:620	arg1	chromatography					695:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	5	theme	analytical	611:620	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					665:673	FT-ICR-MS	665:673	FT-ICR-MS	665:673	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	5	theme	analytical	611:620	arg1	tools					622:626	multiple analytical tools	602:626	multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	602:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	5	theme	analytical	611:620	arg1	spectroscopy					651:662	fluorescence spectroscopy	638:662	fluorescence spectroscopy	638:662	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	0	6	theme	solid-phase	70:80	arg1	extraction					82:91	solid-phase extraction	70:91	solid-phase extraction	70:91	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	6	7	theme	high	1461:1464	arg1	>0.7					1478:1481	>0.7	1478:1481	>0.7	1478:1481	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	7	theme	high	1461:1464	arg1	ratios					1470:1475	high O/C ratios	1461:1475	high O/C ratios (>0.7)	1461:1482	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	1	8	theme	dissolved	207:215	arg1	analyses					238:245	dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses	207:245	dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses	207:245	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	3	9	theme	absorbance	777:786	arg1	changes					754:760	The changes	750:760	The changes of specific UV absorbance	750:786	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	6	10	with	formulas	1583:1590	arg1	>1.5					1560:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	1	11	theme	matter	225:230	arg1	analyses					238:245	dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses	207:245	dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses	207:245	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	2	12	theme	organic	715:721	arg1	SEC-OCD					740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	12	theme	organic	715:721	arg1	detector					730:737	organic carbon detector	715:737	organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	715:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	3	13	theme	specific	765:772	arg1	absorbance					777:786	specific UV absorbance	765:786	specific UV absorbance	765:786	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	1	14	theme	structural	407:416	arg1	changes					436:442	the structural and compositional changes	403:442	the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool	403:454	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	3	15	theme	preferential	854:865	arg1	exclusion					867:875	a preferential exclusion	852:875	a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM)	852:983	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	1	16	used	used	195:198	arg2	SPE					174:176	SPE	174:176	SPE	174:176	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	16	used	used	195:198	arg2	extraction					162:171	PPL-based solid-phase extraction	140:171	PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE)	140:177	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	17	theme	compositional	422:434	arg1	changes					436:442	the structural and compositional changes	403:442	the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool	403:454	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	18	theme	solid-phase	150:160	arg1	SPE					174:176	SPE	174:176	SPE	174:176	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	18	theme	solid-phase	150:160	arg1	extraction					162:171	PPL-based solid-phase extraction	140:171	PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE)	140:177	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	2	19	from	sources	510:516	arg1	DOM					493:495	selected DOM	484:495	selected DOM from various sources	484:516	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	1	20	from	changes	436:442	arg1	pool					451:454	DOM pool	447:454	DOM pool	447:454	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	21	theme	mass	344:347	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	21	theme	mass	344:347	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	6	22	theme	alicyclic	1507:1515	arg1	molecules					1517:1525	lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules	1485:1525	lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)	1485:1532	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	22	theme	alicyclic	1507:1515	arg1	CRAM					1528:1531	CRAM	1528:1531	CRAM	1528:1531	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	3	23	theme	DOM	889:891	arg1	structures					893:902	aromatic DOM structures	880:902	aromatic DOM structures	880:902	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	4	24	theme	SPE	1131:1133	arg1	materials					1143:1151	SPE sorbent materials	1131:1151	SPE sorbent materials	1131:1151	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	6	25	theme	different	1673:1681	arg1	units					1700:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	7	26	theme	data	1862:1865	arg1	interpretation					1867:1880	data interpretation	1862:1880	data interpretation	1862:1880	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	2	27	theme	various	502:508	arg1	sources					510:516	various sources	502:516	various sources	502:516	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	28	theme	fluorescence	638:649	arg1	spectroscopy					651:662	fluorescence spectroscopy	638:662	fluorescence spectroscopy	638:662	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	0	29	theme	analytical	113:122	arg1	tools					124:128	multiple analytical tools	104:128	multiple analytical tools	104:128	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	6	30	theme	molecular	1641:1649	arg1	families					1659:1666	pseudo-analogous molecular formula families	1624:1666	pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units	1624:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	4	31	theme	molecular	1171:1179	arg1	compounds					1188:1196	high molecular weight compounds	1166:1196	high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars)	1166:1248	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	2	32	with	chromatography	695:708	arg1	SEC-OCD					740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	32	with	chromatography	695:708	arg1	detector					730:737	organic carbon detector	715:737	organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	715:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	6	33	theme	high	1551:1554	arg1	>1.5					1560:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	0	34	theme	compositional	15:27	arg1	changes					29:35	Structural and compositional changes	0:35	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction	0:91	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	1	35	theme	resolution	291:300	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	35	theme	resolution	291:300	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	36	dep	spectrometry	349:360	arg1	transform					310:318	transform	310:318	transform	310:318	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	4	37	used	used	1112:1115	arg2	PPL					1096:1098	PPL	1096:1098	PPL	1096:1098	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	3	38	theme	fluorescent	962:972	arg1	FDOM					979:982	FDOM	979:982	FDOM	979:982	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	3	38	theme	fluorescent	962:972	arg1	DOM					974:976	fluorescent DOM	962:976	fluorescent DOM (FDOM)	962:983	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	8	39	theme	DOM	1934:1936	arg1	characteristics					1915:1929	the characteristics	1911:1929	the characteristics of DOM	1911:1936	Graphical Abstract Tracking the characteristics of DOM from various origins upon PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS.
27387996	8	40	theme	Graphical	1883:1891	arg1	Abstract					1893:1900	Graphical Abstract	1883:1900	Graphical Abstract	1883:1900	Graphical Abstract Tracking the characteristics of DOM from various origins upon PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS.
27387996	0	41	theme	organic	50:56	arg1	matter					58:63	dissolved organic matter	40:63	dissolved organic matter	40:63	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	1	42	theme	cyclotron	324:332	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	42	theme	cyclotron	324:332	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	8	43	theme	PPL-based	1964:1972	arg1	SPE					1974:1976	PPL-based SPE	1964:1976	PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS	1964:2021	Graphical Abstract Tracking the characteristics of DOM from various origins upon PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS.
27387996	6	44	theme	tannins	1442:1448	arg1	groups					1409:1414	the dominant missing compound groups	1379:1414	the dominant missing compound groups	1379:1414	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	44	theme	tannins	1442:1448	arg1	group					1450:1454	the tannins group	1438:1454	the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units	1438:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	7	45	theme	molecular	1792:1800	arg1	weight					1802:1807	the molecular weight	1788:1807	the molecular weight	1788:1807	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	6	46	with	aliphatics	1535:1544	arg1	>1.5					1560:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	4	47	dep	polysaccharides	1205:1219	arg1	i.e.					1199:1202	i.e.	1199:1202	i.e.	1199:1202	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	7	48	theme	new	1725:1727	arg1	light					1729:1733	new light	1725:1733	new light	1725:1733	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	6	49	with	group	1450:1454	arg1	>0.7					1478:1481	>0.7	1478:1481	>0.7	1478:1481	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	49	with	group	1450:1454	arg1	CRAM					1528:1531	CRAM	1528:1531	CRAM	1528:1531	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	49	with	group	1450:1454	arg1	aliphatics					1535:1544	aliphatics	1535:1544	aliphatics with high H/C >1.5	1535:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	49	with	group	1450:1454	arg1	ratios					1470:1475	high O/C ratios	1461:1475	high O/C ratios (>0.7)	1461:1482	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	49	with	group	1450:1454	arg1	formulas					1583:1590	heteroatomic formulas	1570:1590	heteroatomic formulas	1570:1590	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	49	with	group	1450:1454	arg1	molecules					1517:1525	lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules	1485:1525	lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)	1485:1532	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	1	50	theme	DOM	447:449	arg1	pool					451:454	DOM pool	447:454	DOM pool	447:454	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	7	51	dep	composition	1772:1782	arg1	the					1759:1761	the	1759:1761	the	1759:1761	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	8	52	from	origins	1951:1957	arg1	Tracking					1902:1909	Tracking	1902:1909	Tracking	1902:1909	Graphical Abstract Tracking the characteristics of DOM from various origins upon PPL-based SPE utilizing EEMPARAFAC, SEC-OCD, and FT-ICR-MS.
27387996	2	53	theme	multiple	602:609	arg1	chromatography					695:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	53	theme	multiple	602:609	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					665:673	FT-ICR-MS	665:673	FT-ICR-MS	665:673	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	53	theme	multiple	602:609	arg1	tools					622:626	multiple analytical tools	602:626	multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	602:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	53	theme	multiple	602:609	arg1	spectroscopy					651:662	fluorescence spectroscopy	638:662	fluorescence spectroscopy	638:662	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	6	54	theme	O/C	1466:1468	arg1	>0.7					1478:1481	>0.7	1478:1481	>0.7	1478:1481	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	54	theme	O/C	1466:1468	arg1	ratios					1470:1475	high O/C ratios	1461:1475	high O/C ratios (>0.7)	1461:1482	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	55	theme	pseudo-analogous	1624:1639	arg1	families					1659:1666	pseudo-analogous molecular formula families	1624:1666	pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units	1624:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	1	56	theme	organic	217:223	arg1	DOM					233:235	DOM	233:235	DOM	233:235	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	56	theme	organic	217:223	arg1	matter					225:230	organic matter	217:230	dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses	207:245	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	2	57	theme	carbon	723:728	arg1	SEC-OCD					740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	57	theme	carbon	723:728	arg1	detector					730:737	organic carbon detector	715:737	organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	715:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	4	58	theme	high	1166:1169	arg1	compounds					1188:1196	high molecular weight compounds	1166:1196	high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars)	1166:1248	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	3	59	theme	UV	774:775	arg1	absorbance					777:786	specific UV absorbance	765:786	specific UV absorbance	765:786	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	6	60	with	ratios	1470:1475	arg1	>1.5					1560:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	1	61	theme	PPL-based	140:148	arg1	SPE					174:176	SPE	174:176	SPE	174:176	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	61	theme	PPL-based	140:148	arg1	extraction					162:171	PPL-based solid-phase extraction	140:171	PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE)	140:177	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	3	62	theme	aromaticity	814:824	arg1	decrease					802:809	the decrease	798:809	the decrease of aromaticity	798:824	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	2	63	with	spectroscopy	651:662	arg1	SEC-OCD					740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	63	with	spectroscopy	651:662	arg1	detector					730:737	organic carbon detector	715:737	organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	715:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	4	64	dep	compounds	1188:1196	arg1	proteins					1222:1229	proteins	1222:1229	proteins	1222:1229	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	4	64	dep	compounds	1188:1196	arg1	polysaccharides					1205:1219	polysaccharides	1205:1219	polysaccharides	1205:1219	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	4	64	dep	compounds	1188:1196	arg1	sugars					1242:1247	amino sugars	1236:1247	amino sugars	1236:1247	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	2	65	theme	selected	484:491	arg1	DOM					493:495	selected DOM	484:495	selected DOM from various sources	484:516	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	6	66	theme	-CH2	1694:1697	arg1	units					1700:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	4	67	theme	sorbent	1135:1141	arg1	materials					1143:1151	SPE sorbent materials	1131:1151	SPE sorbent materials	1131:1151	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	2	68	with	FT-ICR-MS	665:673	arg1	SEC-OCD					740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	SEC-OCD	740:746	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	2	68	with	FT-ICR-MS	665:673	arg1	detector					730:737	organic carbon detector	715:737	organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD)	715:747	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	6	69	theme	lignins/carboxyl-rich	1485:1505	arg1	molecules					1517:1525	lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules	1485:1525	lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)	1485:1532	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	69	theme	lignins/carboxyl-rich	1485:1505	arg1	CRAM					1528:1531	CRAM	1528:1531	CRAM	1528:1531	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	3	70	theme	structures	893:902	arg1	exclusion					867:875	a preferential exclusion	852:875	a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM)	852:983	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	6	71	theme	methylene	1683:1691	arg1	units					1700:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	72	with	families	1659:1666	arg1	units					1700:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	different methylene (-CH2) units	1673:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	0	73	theme	multiple	104:111	arg1	tools					124:128	multiple analytical tools	104:128	multiple analytical tools	104:128	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	6	74	theme	heteroatomic	1570:1581	arg1	formulas					1583:1590	heteroatomic formulas	1570:1590	heteroatomic formulas	1570:1590	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	3	75	theme	aromatic	880:887	arg1	structures					893:902	aromatic DOM structures	880:902	aromatic DOM structures	880:902	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	6	76	theme	formula	1651:1657	arg1	families					1659:1666	pseudo-analogous molecular formula families	1624:1666	pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units	1624:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	2	77	theme	exclusion	685:693	arg1	chromatography					695:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	size exclusion chromatography	680:708	In this study, selected DOM from various sources were tested to elucidate the differences between before and after the SPE utilizing multiple analytical tools including fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-ICR-MS, and size exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detector (SEC-OCD).
27387996	6	78	theme	compound	1400:1407	arg1	groups					1409:1414	the dominant missing compound groups	1379:1414	the dominant missing compound groups	1379:1414	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	78	theme	compound	1400:1407	arg1	group					1450:1454	the tannins group	1438:1454	the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units	1438:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	79	theme	H/C	1556:1558	arg1	>1.5					1560:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	7	80	from	changes	1748:1754	arg1	weight					1802:1807	the molecular weight	1788:1807	the molecular weight	1788:1807	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	7	80	from	changes	1748:1754	arg1	composition					1772:1782	compound composition	1763:1782	compound composition	1763:1782	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	5	81	theme	careful	1253:1259	arg1	examination					1261:1271	A careful examination	1251:1271	A careful examination via FT-ICR-MS	1251:1285	A careful examination via FT-ICR-MS revealed that the formulas lost by the SPE might be all DOM source-dependent.
27387996	6	82	theme	dominant	1383:1390	arg1	groups					1409:1414	the dominant missing compound groups	1379:1414	the dominant missing compound groups	1379:1414	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	6	82	theme	dominant	1383:1390	arg1	group					1450:1454	the tannins group	1438:1454	the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units	1438:1704	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	1	83	theme	ultrahigh	281:289	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	83	theme	ultrahigh	281:289	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	3	84	theme	substantial	937:947	arg1	reduction					949:957	the substantial reduction	933:957	the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM)	933:983	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	4	85	theme	low	1030:1032	arg1	%					1050:1050	1-9 %	1046:1050	1-9 %	1046:1050	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	4	85	theme	low	1030:1032	arg1	recoveries					1034:1043	very low recoveries	1025:1043	very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction	1025:1079	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	0	86	theme	dissolved	40:48	arg1	matter					58:63	dissolved organic matter	40:63	dissolved organic matter	40:63	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	1	87	theme	Fourier	302:308	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	87	theme	Fourier	302:308	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	7	88	theme	DOM	1812:1814	arg1	weight					1802:1807	the molecular weight	1788:1807	the molecular weight	1788:1807	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	7	88	theme	DOM	1812:1814	arg1	composition					1772:1782	compound composition	1763:1782	compound composition	1763:1782	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	6	89	with	molecules	1517:1525	arg1	>1.5					1560:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	high H/C >1.5	1551:1563	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	0	90	theme	matter	58:63	arg1	changes					29:35	Structural and compositional changes	0:35	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction	0:91	Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools.
27387996	1	91	theme	ion	320:322	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	91	theme	ion	320:322	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	6	92	dep	dominant	1383:1390	arg1	missing					1392:1398	missing	1392:1398	missing	1392:1398	Nevertheless, the dominant missing compound groups were identified to be the tannins group with high O/C ratios (>0.7), lignins/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), aliphatics with high H/C >1.5, and heteroatomic formulas, all of which were prevailed by pseudo-analogous molecular formula families with different methylene (-CH2) units.
27387996	3	93	theme	DOM	974:976	arg1	reduction					949:957	the substantial reduction	933:957	the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM)	933:983	The changes of specific UV absorbance indicated the decrease of aromaticity after the SPE, suggesting a preferential exclusion of aromatic DOM structures, which was also confirmed by the substantial reduction of fluorescent DOM (FDOM).
27387996	4	94	theme	SEC-OCD	999:1005	arg1	results					1007:1013	SEC-OCD results	999:1013	SEC-OCD results	999:1013	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	1	95	theme	resonance	334:342	arg1	FT-ICR-MS					363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	FT-ICR-MS	363:371	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	1	95	theme	resonance	334:342	arg1	spectrometry					349:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry	281:360	ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS)	281:372	Although PPL-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used before dissolved organic matter (DOM) analyses via advanced measurements such as ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), much is still unknown about the structural and compositional changes in DOM pool through SPE.
27387996	4	96	theme	weight	1181:1186	arg1	compounds					1188:1196	high molecular weight compounds	1166:1196	high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars)	1166:1248	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	7	97	theme	compound	1763:1770	arg1	composition					1772:1782	compound composition	1763:1782	compound composition	1763:1782	Our findings shed new light on potential changes in the compound composition and the molecular weight of DOM upon the SPE, implying precautions needed for data interpretation.
27387996	4	98	theme	amino	1236:1240	arg1	sugars					1242:1247	amino sugars	1236:1247	amino sugars	1236:1247	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
27387996	4	99	theme	biopolymer	1061:1070	arg1	fraction					1072:1079	the biopolymer fraction	1057:1079	the biopolymer fraction	1057:1079	Furthermore, SEC-OCD results exhibited very low recoveries (1-9 %) for the biopolymer fraction, implying that PPL needs to be used cautiously in SPE sorbent materials for treating high molecular weight compounds (i.e., polysaccharides, proteins, and amino sugars).
25492197	0	0	theme	bone	84:87	arg1	regeneration					89:100	bone regeneration	84:100	bone regeneration	84:100	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration.
25492197	11	1	dep	days	1226:1229	arg1	surgery					1237:1243	surgery	1237:1243	surgery	1237:1243	X-ray analysis was performed to observe the filling of these bone defects 3 days after surgery.
25492197	3	2	dep	injectable	351:360	arg1	bioactive					363:371	bioactive	363:371	bioactive	363:371	The aim of this study was to synthesize a type of injectable, bioactive cement.
25492197	13	3	theme	bone	1519:1522	arg1	defects					1524:1530	the bone defects	1515:1530	the bone defects	1515:1530	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	12	4	theme	histological	1337:1348	arg1	examination					1350:1360	histological examination	1337:1360	histological examination	1337:1360	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	14	5	theme	promising	1620:1628	arg1	material					1641:1648	a promising injectable material	1618:1648	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1618:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	14	5	theme	promising	1620:1628	arg1	composite					1585:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	3	6	theme	study	317:321	arg1	aim					305:307	The aim	301:307	The aim of this study	301:321	The aim of this study was to synthesize a type of injectable, bioactive cement.
25492197	12	7	dep	degradation	1276:1286	arg1	substitute					1265:1274	substitute	1265:1274	substitute	1265:1274	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	8	8	theme	compressive	880:890	arg1	strength					892:899	a compressive strength	878:899	a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	878:919	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	9	9	theme	Zealand	990:996	arg1	rabbits					1004:1010	New Zealand White rabbits	986:1010	New Zealand White rabbits	986:1010	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	1	10	used	used	153:156	arg2	phosphate					111:119	Calcium phosphate cements	103:127	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs)	103:134	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	1	10	used	used	153:156	arg2	graft					166:170	bone graft	161:170	bone graft substitutes	161:182	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	1	10	used	used	153:156	arg2	CPCs					130:133	CPCs	130:133	CPCs	130:133	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	6	11	theme	chitosan	598:605	arg1	microsphere/CPC					607:621	the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC	585:621	the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres	585:664	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	8	12	theme	%	844:844	arg1	microspheres					861:872	10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	842:872	10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	842:872	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	9	13	theme	femoral	958:964	arg1	regions					975:981	both femoral condylar regions	953:981	both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits	953:1010	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	10	14	theme	bone	1121:1124	arg1	defects					1126:1132	the bone defects	1117:1132	the bone defects of both femurs	1117:1147	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	2	15	theme	clinical	279:286	arg1	application					288:298	their clinical application	273:298	their clinical application	273:298	However, the undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability of CPCs greatly hamper their clinical application.
25492197	13	16	theme	new	1435:1437	arg1	formation					1444:1452	far more new bone formation	1426:1452	far more new bone formation	1426:1452	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	9	17	theme	condylar	966:973	arg1	regions					975:981	both femoral condylar regions	953:981	both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits	953:1010	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	6	18	with	microsphere/CPC	607:621	arg1	proportions					638:648	different proportions	628:648	different proportions of microspheres	628:664	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	8	19	contain	containing	831:840	arg2	microspheres					861:872	10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	842:872	10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	842:872	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	8	19	contain	containing	831:840	arg1	microsphere/CPC					815:829	The chitosan microsphere/CPC	802:829	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	802:872	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	13	20	theme	chitosan	1477:1484	arg1	composite					1502:1510	the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1473:1510	the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1473:1510	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	12	21	theme	new	1292:1294	arg1	formation					1301:1309	new bone formation	1292:1309	new bone formation	1292:1309	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	9	22	theme	rabbits	1004:1010	arg1	regions					975:981	both femoral condylar regions	953:981	both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits	953:1010	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	9	23	theme	New	986:988	arg1	rabbits					1004:1010	New Zealand White rabbits	986:1010	New Zealand White rabbits	986:1010	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	5	24	theme	X-ray	505:509	arg1	XRD					524:526	XRD	524:526	XRD	524:526	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	5	24	theme	X-ray	505:509	arg1	diffraction					511:521	X-ray diffraction	505:521	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	505:527	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	1	25	theme	bone	161:164	arg1	graft					166:170	bone graft	161:170	bone graft substitutes	161:182	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	1	25	theme	bone	161:164	arg1	phosphate					111:119	Calcium phosphate cements	103:127	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs)	103:134	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	6	26	theme	hardened	589:596	arg1	microsphere/CPC					607:621	the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC	585:621	the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres	585:664	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	8	27	theme	±	910:910	arg1	MPa					917:919	14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	904:919	14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	904:919	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	8	28	theme	14.78	904:908	arg1	MPa					917:919	14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	904:919	14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	904:919	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	12	29	theme	formation	1301:1309	arg1	extent					1250:1255	The extent	1246:1255	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation	1246:1309	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	3	30	theme	cement	373:378	arg1	type					343:346	a type	341:346	a type of injectable, bioactive cement	341:378	The aim of this study was to synthesize a type of injectable, bioactive cement.
25492197	10	31	theme	femurs	1142:1147	arg1	defects					1126:1132	the bone defects	1117:1132	the bone defects of both femurs	1117:1147	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	11	32	theme	bone	1211:1214	arg1	defects					1216:1222	these bone defects	1205:1222	these bone defects	1205:1222	X-ray analysis was performed to observe the filling of these bone defects 3 days after surgery.
25492197	6	33	theme	hydroxyapatite	697:710	arg1	peaks					688:692	diffraction peaks	676:692	diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan	676:723	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	12	34	theme	bone	1296:1299	arg1	formation					1301:1309	new bone formation	1292:1309	new bone formation	1292:1309	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	3	35	theme	injectable	351:360	arg1	cement					373:378	injectable, bioactive cement	351:378	injectable, bioactive cement	351:378	The aim of this study was to synthesize a type of injectable, bioactive cement.
25492197	7	36	from	strength	738:745	arg1	fluid					781:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	Compressive strength and dissolution in simulated body fluid were measured.
25492197	1	37	theme	Calcium	103:109	arg1	CPCs					130:133	CPCs	130:133	CPCs	130:133	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	1	37	theme	Calcium	103:109	arg1	graft					166:170	bone graft	161:170	bone graft substitutes	161:182	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	1	37	theme	Calcium	103:109	arg1	phosphate					111:119	Calcium phosphate cements	103:127	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs)	103:134	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	1	38	dep	graft	166:170	arg1	substitutes					172:182	substitutes	172:182	substitutes	172:182	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	2	39	dep	osteoinductivity	210:225	arg1	the					194:196	the	194:196	the	194:196	However, the undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability of CPCs greatly hamper their clinical application.
25492197	0	40	theme	adding	11:16	arg1	microspheres					38:49	adding resorbable chitosan microspheres	11:49	adding resorbable chitosan microspheres	11:49	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration.
25492197	13	41	theme	microsphere/CPC	1486:1500	arg1	composite					1502:1510	the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1473:1510	the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1473:1510	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	5	42	contain	containing	456:465	arg2	microspheres					476:487	chitosan microspheres	467:487	chitosan microspheres	467:487	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	5	42	contain	containing	456:465	arg1	CPC					452:454	CPC	452:454	CPC containing chitosan microspheres	452:487	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	14	43	theme	injectable	1630:1639	arg1	material					1641:1648	a promising injectable material	1618:1648	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1618:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	14	43	theme	injectable	1630:1639	arg1	composite					1585:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	8	44	theme	MPa	917:919	arg1	strength					892:899	a compressive strength	878:899	a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	878:919	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	0	45	theme	microspheres	38:49	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate	0:70	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration.
25492197	7	46	from	dissolution	751:761	arg1	fluid					781:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	Compressive strength and dissolution in simulated body fluid were measured.
25492197	7	47	theme	Compressive	726:736	arg1	strength					738:745	Compressive strength	726:745	Compressive strength	726:745	Compressive strength and dissolution in simulated body fluid were measured.
25492197	2	48	theme	slow	231:234	arg1	degradability					236:248	slow degradability	231:248	slow degradability	231:248	However, the undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability of CPCs greatly hamper their clinical application.
25492197	6	49	theme	diffraction	676:686	arg1	peaks					688:692	diffraction peaks	676:692	diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan	676:723	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	12	50	theme	degradation	1276:1286	arg1	extent					1250:1255	The extent	1246:1255	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation	1246:1309	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	0	51	theme	chitosan	29:36	arg1	microspheres					38:49	adding resorbable chitosan microspheres	11:49	adding resorbable chitosan microspheres	11:49	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration.
25492197	6	52	contain	contained	666:674	arg1	microsphere/CPC					607:621	the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC	585:621	the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres	585:664	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	6	52	contain	contained	666:674	arg2	peaks					688:692	diffraction peaks	676:692	diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan	676:723	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	10	53	theme	composite	1039:1047	arg1	group					1049:1053	composite group	1039:1053	composite group	1039:1053	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	10	53	theme	composite	1039:1047	arg1	microsphere/CPC					1022:1036	Chitosan microsphere/CPC	1013:1036	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group)	1013:1054	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	0	54	theme	resorbable	18:27	arg1	microspheres					38:49	adding resorbable chitosan microspheres	11:49	adding resorbable chitosan microspheres	11:49	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration.
25492197	5	55	theme	scanning	533:540	arg1	SEM					563:565	SEM	563:565	SEM	563:565	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	5	55	theme	scanning	533:540	arg1	microscope					551:560	scanning electron microscope	533:560	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	533:566	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	10	56	theme	Chitosan	1013:1020	arg1	group					1049:1053	composite group	1039:1053	composite group	1039:1053	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	10	56	theme	Chitosan	1013:1020	arg1	microsphere/CPC					1022:1036	Chitosan microsphere/CPC	1013:1036	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group)	1013:1054	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	0	57	theme	calcium	54:60	arg1	phosphate					62:70	calcium phosphate	54:70	calcium phosphate	54:70	Effects of adding resorbable chitosan microspheres to calcium phosphate cements for bone regeneration.
25492197	8	58	contain	had	874:876	arg2	strength					892:899	a compressive strength	878:899	a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa	878:919	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	8	58	contain	had	874:876	arg1	microsphere/CPC					815:829	The chitosan microsphere/CPC	802:829	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	802:872	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	5	59	theme	electron	542:549	arg1	SEM					563:565	SEM	563:565	SEM	563:565	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	5	59	theme	electron	542:549	arg1	microscope					551:560	scanning electron microscope	533:560	scanning electron microscope (SEM)	533:566	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	13	60	theme	bone	1439:1442	arg1	formation					1444:1452	far more new bone formation	1426:1452	far more new bone formation	1426:1452	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	10	61	theme	control	1071:1077	arg1	α-TCP/CPC					1060:1068	α-TCP/CPC	1060:1068	α-TCP/CPC (control group)	1060:1084	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	10	61	theme	control	1071:1077	arg1	group					1079:1083	control group	1071:1083	control group	1071:1083	Chitosan microsphere/CPC (composite group) and α-TCP/CPC (control group) were implanted separately into the bone defects of both femurs.
25492197	2	62	theme	undesirable	198:208	arg1	osteoinductivity					210:225	undesirable osteoinductivity	198:225	undesirable osteoinductivity	198:225	However, the undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability of CPCs greatly hamper their clinical application.
25492197	11	63	theme	X-ray	1150:1154	arg1	analysis					1156:1163	X-ray analysis	1150:1163	X-ray analysis	1150:1163	X-ray analysis was performed to observe the filling of these bone defects 3 days after surgery.
25492197	14	64	theme	new	1672:1674	arg1	tissue					1681:1686	new bone tissue	1672:1686	new bone tissue	1672:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	13	65	theme	composite	1502:1510	arg1	degradation					1458:1468	degradation	1458:1468	degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1458:1510	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	13	65	theme	composite	1502:1510	arg1	formation					1444:1452	far more new bone formation	1426:1452	far more new bone formation	1426:1452	These results showed far more new bone formation and degradation of the chitosan microsphere/CPC composite in the bone defects.
25492197	14	66	theme	microsphere/CPC	1569:1583	arg1	composite					1585:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	14	66	theme	microsphere/CPC	1569:1583	arg1	material					1641:1648	a promising injectable material	1618:1648	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1618:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	6	67	theme	microspheres	653:664	arg1	proportions					638:648	different proportions	628:648	different proportions of microspheres	628:664	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	14	68	theme	bone	1676:1679	arg1	tissue					1681:1686	new bone tissue	1672:1686	new bone tissue	1672:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	9	69	theme	Cavity	922:927	arg1	defects					929:935	Cavity defects	922:935	Cavity defects	922:935	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	2	70	theme	CPCs	253:256	arg1	osteoinductivity					210:225	undesirable osteoinductivity	198:225	undesirable osteoinductivity	198:225	However, the undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability of CPCs greatly hamper their clinical application.
25492197	2	70	theme	CPCs	253:256	arg1	degradability					236:248	slow degradability	231:248	slow degradability	231:248	However, the undesirable osteoinductivity and slow degradability of CPCs greatly hamper their clinical application.
25492197	14	71	theme	chitosan	1560:1567	arg1	composite					1585:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite	1558:1593	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	14	71	theme	chitosan	1560:1567	arg1	material					1641:1648	a promising injectable material	1618:1648	a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue	1618:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	5	72	theme	chitosan	467:474	arg1	microspheres					476:487	chitosan microspheres	467:487	chitosan microspheres	467:487	CPC containing chitosan microspheres was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
25492197	8	73	theme	chitosan	852:859	arg1	microspheres					861:872	10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	842:872	10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	842:872	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	6	74	theme	chitosan	716:723	arg1	peaks					688:692	diffraction peaks	676:692	diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan	676:723	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	14	75	theme	tissue	1681:1686	arg1	generation					1658:1667	the generation	1654:1667	the generation of new bone tissue	1654:1686	These data indicate that a chitosan microsphere/CPC composite might be considered as a promising injectable material for the generation of new bone tissue.
25492197	4	76	theme	chitosan	420:427	arg1	microspheres					429:440	chitosan microspheres	420:440	chitosan microspheres	420:440	This was accomplished by incorporating chitosan microspheres into CPC.
25492197	12	77	theme	bone	1260:1263	arg1	degradation					1276:1286	bone substitute degradation	1260:1286	bone substitute degradation	1260:1286	The extent of bone substitute degradation and new bone formation were evaluated by SEM and histological examination at 8, 16, and 24 weeks after implantation.
25492197	7	78	theme	simulated	766:774	arg1	fluid					781:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	Compressive strength and dissolution in simulated body fluid were measured.
25492197	8	79	theme	chitosan	806:813	arg1	microsphere/CPC					815:829	The chitosan microsphere/CPC	802:829	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres	802:872	The chitosan microsphere/CPC containing 10% (w/w) chitosan microspheres had a compressive strength of 14.78 ± 0.67 MPa.
25492197	9	80	theme	White	998:1002	arg1	rabbits					1004:1010	New Zealand White rabbits	986:1010	New Zealand White rabbits	986:1010	Cavity defects were created in both femoral condylar regions of New Zealand White rabbits.
25492197	11	81	theme	defects	1216:1222	arg1	filling					1194:1200	the filling	1190:1200	the filling of these bone defects	1190:1222	X-ray analysis was performed to observe the filling of these bone defects 3 days after surgery.
25492197	1	82	dep	phosphate	111:119	arg1	cements					121:127	cements	121:127	cements	121:127	Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes.
25492197	6	83	theme	different	628:636	arg1	proportions					638:648	different proportions	628:648	different proportions of microspheres	628:664	XRD showed that the hardened chitosan microsphere/CPC with different proportions of microspheres contained diffraction peaks of hydroxyapatite and chitosan.
25492197	7	84	theme	body	776:779	arg1	fluid					781:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	simulated body fluid	766:785	Compressive strength and dissolution in simulated body fluid were measured.
24480927	10	0	dep	>	1393:1393	arg1	ANOVA					1401:1405	ANOVA	1401:1405	ANOVA	1401:1405	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	9	1	dep	caused	1105:1110	arg1	increased					1126:1134	increased	1126:1134	caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test)	1105:1200	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	11	2	theme	nutrition	1418:1426	arg1	supply					1428:1433	Frequent nutrition supply	1409:1433	Frequent nutrition supply	1409:1433	Frequent nutrition supply significantly increased bacterial numbers (p < 0.01).
24480927	6	3	theme	independent	787:797	arg1	duplicates					799:808	independent duplicates	787:808	independent duplicates	787:808	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	10	4	theme	species	1382:1388	arg1	biofilms					1360:1367	biofilms	1360:1367	biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA)	1360:1406	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	7	5	theme	%	970:970	arg1	medium					980:985	2% sucrose medium	969:985	2% sucrose medium	969:985	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	9	6	theme	dentin	1241:1246	arg1	cavities					1248:1255	dentin cavities	1241:1255	dentin cavities	1241:1255	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	12	7	theme	more	1567:1570	arg1	<					1584:1584	p < 0.05	1582:1589	p < 0.05	1582:1589	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	12	7	theme	more	1567:1570	arg1	bacteria					1572:1579	significantly more bacteria	1553:1579	significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05)	1553:1590	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	4	8	theme	nutrition	552:560	arg1	frequencies					569:579	two nutrition supply frequencies	548:579	two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day)	548:604	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	11	9	theme	bacterial	1459:1467	arg1	numbers					1469:1475	bacterial numbers	1459:1475	bacterial numbers (p < 0.01)	1459:1486	Frequent nutrition supply significantly increased bacterial numbers (p < 0.01).
24480927	11	9	theme	bacterial	1459:1467	arg1	<					1480:1480	p < 0.01	1478:1485	p < 0.01	1478:1485	Frequent nutrition supply significantly increased bacterial numbers (p < 0.01).
24480927	0	10	theme	Cariogenic	0:9	arg1	effects					11:17	Cariogenic effects	0:17	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	0:57	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a dental biofilm model.
24480927	9	11	theme	smooth	1271:1276	arg1	lesions					1285:1291	smooth enamel lesions	1271:1291	smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01)	1271:1302	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	11	theme	smooth	1271:1276	arg1	<					1296:1296	p < 0.01	1294:1301	p < 0.01	1294:1301	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	8	12	theme	ΔZ	1047:1048	arg1	numbers					1064:1070	ΔZ and bacterial numbers	1047:1070	ΔZ and bacterial numbers	1047:1070	After 10 days, ΔZ and bacterial numbers were assessed.
24480927	12	13	theme	smooth	1529:1534	arg1	enamel					1536:1541	smooth enamel	1529:1541	smooth enamel	1529:1541	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	10	14	theme	p	1391:1391	arg1	species					1382:1388	different species	1372:1388	different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA)	1372:1406	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	10	14	theme	p	1391:1391	arg1	>					1393:1393	p > 0.05	1391:1398	p > 0.05	1391:1398	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	4	15	dep	sites	507:511	arg1	enamel					521:526	smooth enamel	514:526	smooth enamel	514:526	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	15	dep	sites	507:511	arg1	cavity					536:541	dentin cavity	529:541	dentin cavity	529:541	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	8	16	theme	bacterial	1054:1062	arg1	numbers					1064:1070	ΔZ and bacterial numbers	1047:1070	ΔZ and bacterial numbers	1047:1070	After 10 days, ΔZ and bacterial numbers were assessed.
24480927	9	17	theme	SM	1087:1088	arg1	biofilms					1096:1103	SM × LGG biofilms	1087:1103	SM × LGG biofilms	1087:1103	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	5	18	theme	samples	700:706	arg1	cut					713:715	cut	713:715	cut	713:715	A total of 240 bovine enamel and dentin samples were cut, polished and embedded.
24480927	5	18	theme	samples	700:706	arg1	total					662:666	A total	660:666	A total of 240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	660:706	A total of 240 bovine enamel and dentin samples were cut, polished and embedded.
24480927	9	19	theme	p	1294:1294	arg1	lesions					1285:1291	smooth enamel lesions	1271:1291	smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01)	1271:1302	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	19	theme	p	1294:1294	arg1	<					1296:1296	p < 0.01	1294:1301	p < 0.01	1294:1301	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	20	theme	LGG	1092:1094	arg1	biofilms					1096:1103	SM × LGG biofilms	1087:1103	SM × LGG biofilms	1087:1103	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	2	21	theme	probiotic	235:243	arg1	species					245:251	probiotic species	235:251	probiotic species	235:251	However, supporting evidence is weak and probiotic species might be cariogenic themselves.
24480927	4	22	dep	multi-station	611:623	arg1	continuous-culture					626:643	continuous-culture	626:643	continuous-culture	626:643	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	9	23	dep	increased	1228:1236	arg1	compared					1257:1264	compared	1257:1264	compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01)	1257:1302	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	6	24	theme	sample	884:889	arg1	size					891:894	final sample size	878:894	final sample size n = 20/group	878:907	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	13	25	theme	cariogenic	1665:1674	arg1	conditions					1676:1685	highly cariogenic conditions	1658:1685	highly cariogenic conditions	1658:1685	LGG induced mineral loss especially in dentin cavities and under highly cariogenic conditions.
24480927	0	26	theme	biofilm	71:77	arg1	model					79:83	a dental biofilm model	62:83	a dental biofilm model	62:83	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a dental biofilm model.
24480927	3	27	theme	rhamnosus	344:352	arg1	LGG					358:360	LGG	358:360	LGG	358:360	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	27	theme	rhamnosus	344:352	arg1	GG					354:355	the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	316:355	the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)	316:361	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	28	theme	probiotic	320:328	arg1	LGG					358:360	LGG	358:360	LGG	358:360	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	28	theme	probiotic	320:328	arg1	GG					354:355	the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	316:355	the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)	316:361	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	9	29	theme	LGG	1159:1161	arg1	biofilms					1163:1170	LGG biofilms	1159:1170	LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test)	1159:1200	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	3	30	theme	resulting	388:396	arg1	loss					406:409	the resulting mineral loss	384:409	the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ)	384:414	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	30	theme	resulting	388:396	arg1	ΔZ					412:413	ΔZ	412:413	ΔZ	412:413	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	5	31	theme	dentin	693:698	arg1	samples					700:706	240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	671:706	240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	671:706	A total of 240 bovine enamel and dentin samples were cut, polished and embedded.
24480927	1	32	theme	Probiotic	86:94	arg1	bacteria					96:103	Probiotic bacteria	86:103	Probiotic bacteria	86:103	Probiotic bacteria have been suggested to inhibit Streptococcus mutans (SM) and thus prevent dental caries.
24480927	4	33	theme	SM	485:486	arg1	SM					476:477	SM	476:477	SM	476:477	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	33	theme	SM	485:486	arg1	LGG					490:492	SM × LGG	485:492	SM × LGG	485:492	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	3	34	dep	compared	294:301	arg1	combined					307:314	combined	307:314	combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM	307:369	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	34	dep	compared	294:301	arg1	analysed					375:382	analysed	375:382	analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues	375:432	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	4	35	theme	biofilm	645:651	arg1	model					653:657	a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model	609:657	a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model	609:657	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	9	36	theme	<	1175:1175	arg1	test					1196:1199	Mann-Whitney test	1183:1199	Mann-Whitney test	1183:1199	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	36	theme	<	1175:1175	arg1	p					1173:1173	p < 0.01	1173:1180	p < 0.01	1173:1180	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	6	37	theme	experimental	745:756	arg1	procedures					758:767	All experimental procedures	741:767	All experimental procedures	741:767	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	0	38	theme	Lactobacillus	32:44	arg1	effects					11:17	Cariogenic effects	0:17	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	0:57	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a dental biofilm model.
24480927	9	39	dep	biofilms	1163:1170	arg1	test					1196:1199	Mann-Whitney test	1183:1199	Mann-Whitney test	1183:1199	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	39	dep	biofilms	1163:1170	arg1	p					1173:1173	p < 0.01	1173:1180	p < 0.01	1173:1180	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	5	40	theme	enamel	682:687	arg1	samples					700:706	240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	671:706	240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	671:706	A total of 240 bovine enamel and dentin samples were cut, polished and embedded.
24480927	4	41	theme	biofilm	454:460	arg1	compositions					462:473	three biofilm compositions	448:473	three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG)	448:493	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	7	42	from	medium	980:985	arg1	pulses					1024:1029	consecutive pulses	1012:1029	consecutive pulses	1012:1029	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	12	43	theme	p	1582:1582	arg1	<					1584:1584	p < 0.05	1582:1589	p < 0.05	1582:1589	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	12	43	theme	p	1582:1582	arg1	bacteria					1572:1579	significantly more bacteria	1553:1579	significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05)	1553:1590	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	11	44	theme	Frequent	1409:1416	arg1	supply					1428:1433	Frequent nutrition supply	1409:1433	Frequent nutrition supply	1409:1433	Frequent nutrition supply significantly increased bacterial numbers (p < 0.01).
24480927	14	45	theme	inhibitory	1705:1714	arg1	effects					1716:1722	inhibitory effects	1705:1722	inhibitory effects	1705:1722	LGG did not have inhibitory effects on SM, but rather contributed to the caries process in vitro.
24480927	4	46	dep	compositions	462:473	arg1	LGG					480:482	LGG	480:482	LGG	480:482	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	46	dep	compositions	462:473	arg1	SM					476:477	SM	476:477	SM	476:477	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	46	dep	compositions	462:473	arg1	LGG					490:492	SM × LGG	485:492	SM × LGG	485:492	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	7	47	theme	sucrose	972:978	arg1	medium					980:985	2% sucrose medium	969:985	2% sucrose medium	969:985	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	7	48	theme	2	969:969	arg1	%					970:970	%	970:970	%	970:970	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	14	49	theme	caries	1761:1766	arg1	process					1768:1774	the caries process	1757:1774	the caries process	1757:1774	LGG did not have inhibitory effects on SM, but rather contributed to the caries process in vitro.
24480927	4	50	theme	lesion	500:505	arg1	sites					507:511	two lesion sites	496:511	two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity)	496:542	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	10	51	theme	different	1372:1380	arg1	species					1382:1388	different species	1372:1388	different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA)	1372:1406	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	10	51	theme	different	1372:1380	arg1	>					1393:1393	p > 0.05	1391:1398	p > 0.05	1391:1398	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	11	52	theme	p	1478:1478	arg1	numbers					1469:1475	bacterial numbers	1459:1475	bacterial numbers (p < 0.01)	1459:1486	Frequent nutrition supply significantly increased bacterial numbers (p < 0.01).
24480927	11	52	theme	p	1478:1478	arg1	<					1480:1480	p < 0.01	1478:1485	p < 0.01	1478:1485	Frequent nutrition supply significantly increased bacterial numbers (p < 0.01).
24480927	4	53	from	simulated	438:446	arg1	model					653:657	a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model	609:657	a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model	609:657	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	7	54	theme	artificial	991:1000	arg1	saliva					1002:1007	artificial saliva	991:1007	artificial saliva in consecutive pulses	991:1029	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	4	55	theme	supply	562:567	arg1	frequencies					569:579	two nutrition supply frequencies	548:579	two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day)	548:604	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	1	56	theme	dental	179:184	arg1	caries					186:191	dental caries	179:191	dental caries	179:191	Probiotic bacteria have been suggested to inhibit Streptococcus mutans (SM) and thus prevent dental caries.
24480927	4	57	theme	dentin	529:534	arg1	enamel					521:526	smooth enamel	514:526	smooth enamel	514:526	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	57	theme	dentin	529:534	arg1	cavity					536:541	dentin cavity	529:541	dentin cavity	529:541	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	9	58	theme	×	1090:1090	arg1	biofilms					1096:1103	SM × LGG biofilms	1087:1103	SM × LGG biofilms	1087:1103	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	2	59	theme	supporting	203:212	arg1	evidence					214:221	supporting evidence	203:221	supporting evidence	203:221	However, supporting evidence is weak and probiotic species might be cariogenic themselves.
24480927	12	60	from	Biofilms	1489:1496	arg1	cavities					1508:1515	dentin cavities	1501:1515	dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel	1501:1541	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	7	61	theme	consecutive	1012:1022	arg1	pulses					1024:1029	consecutive pulses	1012:1029	consecutive pulses	1012:1029	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	6	62	theme	=	898:898	arg1	n					896:896	final sample size n	878:896	final sample size n = 20/group	878:907	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	0	63	theme	dental	64:69	arg1	model					79:83	a dental biofilm model	62:83	a dental biofilm model	62:83	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a dental biofilm model.
24480927	9	64	theme	enamel	1278:1283	arg1	lesions					1285:1291	smooth enamel lesions	1271:1291	smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01)	1271:1302	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	64	theme	enamel	1278:1283	arg1	<					1296:1296	p < 0.01	1294:1301	p < 0.01	1294:1301	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	1	65	theme	Streptococcus	136:148	arg1	mutans					150:155	Streptococcus mutans	136:155	Streptococcus mutans (SM)	136:160	Probiotic bacteria have been suggested to inhibit Streptococcus mutans (SM) and thus prevent dental caries.
24480927	1	65	theme	Streptococcus	136:148	arg1	SM					158:159	SM	158:159	SM	158:159	Probiotic bacteria have been suggested to inhibit Streptococcus mutans (SM) and thus prevent dental caries.
24480927	12	66	theme	dentin	1501:1506	arg1	cavities					1508:1515	dentin cavities	1501:1515	dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel	1501:1541	Biofilms in dentin cavities compared to smooth enamel harboured significantly more bacteria (p < 0.05).
24480927	6	67	theme	size	891:894	arg1	n					896:896	final sample size n	878:896	final sample size n = 20/group	878:907	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	6	68	dep	experiment	866:875	arg1	n					896:896	final sample size n	878:896	final sample size n = 20/group	878:907	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	14	69	contain	have	1700:1703	arg2	effects					1716:1722	inhibitory effects	1705:1722	inhibitory effects	1705:1722	LGG did not have inhibitory effects on SM, but rather contributed to the caries process in vitro.
24480927	14	69	contain	have	1700:1703	arg1	LGG					1688:1690	LGG	1688:1690	LGG	1688:1690	LGG did not have inhibitory effects on SM, but rather contributed to the caries process in vitro.
24480927	6	70	theme	final	878:882	arg1	size					891:894	final sample size	878:894	final sample size n = 20/group	878:907	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	7	71	from	saliva	1002:1007	arg1	pulses					1024:1029	consecutive pulses	1012:1029	consecutive pulses	1012:1029	Biofilms were cultured on the specimens and supplied with 2% sucrose medium and artificial saliva in consecutive pulses.
24480927	2	72	dep	cariogenic	262:271	arg1	themselves					273:282	themselves	273:282	themselves	273:282	However, supporting evidence is weak and probiotic species might be cariogenic themselves.
24480927	13	73	theme	dentin	1632:1637	arg1	cavities					1639:1646	dentin cavities	1632:1646	dentin cavities	1632:1646	LGG induced mineral loss especially in dentin cavities and under highly cariogenic conditions.
24480927	4	74	from	model	653:657	arg1	simulated					438:446	simulated	438:446	simulated	438:446	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	3	75	theme	Lactobacillus	330:342	arg1	LGG					358:360	LGG	358:360	LGG	358:360	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	75	theme	Lactobacillus	330:342	arg1	GG					354:355	the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	316:355	the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)	316:361	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	6	76	dep	=	898:898	arg1	20/group					900:907	20/group	900:907	20/group	900:907	All experimental procedures were performed in independent duplicates, with 10 samples being allocated to each group for each experiment (final sample size n = 20/group).
24480927	4	77	theme	×	488:488	arg1	SM					476:477	SM	476:477	SM	476:477	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	77	theme	×	488:488	arg1	LGG					490:492	SM × LGG	485:492	SM × LGG	485:492	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	78	theme	multi-station	611:623	arg1	model					653:657	a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model	609:657	a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model	609:657	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	13	79	theme	mineral	1605:1611	arg1	loss					1613:1616	mineral loss	1605:1616	mineral loss	1605:1616	LGG induced mineral loss especially in dentin cavities and under highly cariogenic conditions.
24480927	3	80	theme	mineral	398:404	arg1	loss					406:409	the resulting mineral loss	384:409	the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ)	384:414	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	3	80	theme	mineral	398:404	arg1	ΔZ					412:413	ΔZ	412:413	ΔZ	412:413	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	0	81	theme	probiotic	22:30	arg1	Lactobacillus					32:44	probiotic Lactobacillus	22:44	probiotic Lactobacillus	22:44	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a dental biofilm model.
24480927	9	82	dep	increased	1126:1134	arg1	compared					1139:1146	compared	1139:1146	compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test)	1139:1200	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	3	83	theme	dental	419:424	arg1	tissues					426:432	dental tissues	419:432	dental tissues	419:432	Thus, we compared and combined the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) with SM and analysed the resulting mineral loss (ΔZ) in dental tissues.
24480927	5	84	theme	bovine	675:680	arg1	samples					700:706	240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	671:706	240 bovine enamel and dentin samples	671:706	A total of 240 bovine enamel and dentin samples were cut, polished and embedded.
24480927	9	85	theme	Mann-Whitney	1183:1194	arg1	test					1196:1199	Mann-Whitney test	1183:1199	Mann-Whitney test	1183:1199	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	9	85	theme	Mann-Whitney	1183:1194	arg1	p					1173:1173	p < 0.01	1173:1180	p < 0.01	1173:1180	SM × LGG biofilms caused significantly increased ΔZ compared with SM or LGG biofilms (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney test), and ΔZ was significantly increased in dentin cavities compared with smooth enamel lesions (p < 0.01).
24480927	4	86	dep	frequencies	569:579	arg1	twice/day					582:590	twice/day	582:590	twice/day	582:590	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	86	dep	frequencies	569:579	arg1	times/day					595:603	6 times/day	593:603	6 times/day	593:603	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	87	theme	smooth	514:519	arg1	enamel					521:526	smooth enamel	514:526	smooth enamel	514:526	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	4	87	theme	smooth	514:519	arg1	cavity					536:541	dentin cavity	529:541	dentin cavity	529:541	We simulated three biofilm compositions (SM, LGG, SM × LGG), two lesion sites (smooth enamel, dentin cavity) and two nutrition supply frequencies (twice/day, 6 times/day) in a multi-station, continuous-culture biofilm model.
24480927	10	88	theme	Bacterial	1305:1313	arg1	numbers					1315:1321	Bacterial numbers	1305:1321	Bacterial numbers	1305:1321	Bacterial numbers did not significantly differ between biofilms of different species (p > 0.05, ANOVA).
24480927	0	89	dep	effects	11:17	arg1	model					79:83	a dental biofilm model	62:83	a dental biofilm model	62:83	Cariogenic effects of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a dental biofilm model.
27495179	2	0	theme	α-amylase/trypsin	512:528	arg1	inhibitors					530:539	wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	506:539	wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	506:539	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	4	1	theme	AATI-2	729:734	arg1	proteins					736:743	AATI-2 proteins	729:743	AATI-2 proteins	729:743	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	2	2	with	similarity	490:499	arg1	inhibitors					530:539	wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	506:539	wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	506:539	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	1	3	theme	starch-bound	160:171	arg1	proteins					192:199	starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins	160:199	starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins	160:199	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	1	3	theme	starch-bound	160:171	arg1	vromindolines					206:218	the vromindolines	202:218	the vromindolines	202:218	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	3	4	from	14 kDa	580:585	arg1	size					590:593	size	590:593	size	590:593	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	7	5	theme	biological	1559:1568	arg1	value					1570:1574	the biological value	1555:1574	the biological value of oat proteins	1555:1590	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	2	6	theme	wheat	506:510	arg1	inhibitors					530:539	wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	506:539	wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	506:539	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	4	7	from	responses	883:891	arg1	disease					903:909	celiac disease	896:909	celiac disease	896:909	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	7	from	responses	883:891	arg1	sensitivity					933:943	non-celiac gluten sensitivity	915:943	non-celiac gluten sensitivity	915:943	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	8	theme	immunity	874:881	arg1	responses					883:891	innate immunity responses	867:891	innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity	867:943	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	1	9	theme	tryptophan-rich	173:187	arg1	proteins					192:199	starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins	160:199	starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins	160:199	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	1	9	theme	tryptophan-rich	173:187	arg1	vromindolines					206:218	the vromindolines	202:218	the vromindolines	202:218	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	4	10	theme	celiac	896:901	arg1	disease					903:909	celiac disease	896:909	celiac disease	896:909	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	2	11	from	cultivars	335:343	arg1	fractionation					236:248	fractionation	236:248	fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	236:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	12	theme	oat	316:318	arg1	cultivars					335:343	25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars	313:343	25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars	313:343	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	3	13	from	size	590:593	arg1	14 kDa					580:585	14 kDa	580:585	14 kDa	580:585	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	6	14	theme	oats	1366:1369	arg1	origin					1346:1351	the genetic origin	1334:1351	the genetic origin of hexaploid oats	1334:1369	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	7	15	theme	oat	1473:1475	arg1	kernels					1477:1483	oat kernels	1473:1483	oat kernels	1473:1483	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	4	16	theme	α-amylase	795:803	arg1	inhibitors					805:814	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	16	theme	α-amylase	795:803	arg1	CM2					821:823	CM2	821:823	CM2	821:823	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	16	theme	α-amylase	795:803	arg1	CM16					830:833	CM16	830:833	CM16	830:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	16	theme	α-amylase	795:803	arg1	CM1					816:818	CM1	816:818	CM1	816:818	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	2	17	theme	tetraploid	363:372	arg1	species					380:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	5	18	dep	possess	1000:1006	arg1	whereas					1075:1081	whereas	1075:1081	whereas	1075:1081	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	6	19	theme	hexaploid	1356:1364	arg1	oats					1366:1369	hexaploid oats	1356:1369	hexaploid oats	1356:1369	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	2	20	dep	Avena	321:325	arg1	sativa					327:332	Avena sativa	321:332	Avena sativa	321:332	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	1	21	theme	extra-soft	83:92	arg1	texture					94:100	an extra-soft texture	80:100	an extra-soft texture	80:100	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	1	21	theme	extra-soft	83:92	arg1	trait					105:109	a trait	103:109	a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines	103:218	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	1	22	theme	2S	189:190	arg1	proteins					192:199	starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins	160:199	starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins	160:199	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	1	22	theme	2S	189:190	arg1	vromindolines					206:218	the vromindolines	202:218	the vromindolines	202:218	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	3	23	with	AATI-1	633:638	arg1	structures					683:692	different primary structures	665:692	different primary structures	665:692	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	3	23	with	AATI-1	633:638	arg1	points					710:715	isoelectric points	698:715	isoelectric points	698:715	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	2	24	theme	proteins	301:308	arg1	fractionation					236:248	fractionation	236:248	fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	236:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	5	25	contain	possess	1000:1006	arg1	species					992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species	946:998	species	992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	5	25	contain	possess	1000:1006	arg2	genes					1023:1027	three and five genes	1008:1027	three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively	1008:1072	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	5	25	contain	possess	1000:1006	arg1	A-genome					954:961	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species	946:998	A-genome	954:961	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	2	26	theme	2S	403:404	arg1	proteins					406:413	novel 2S proteins	397:413	novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	397:539	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	4	27	theme	non-celiac	915:924	arg1	sensitivity					933:943	non-celiac gluten sensitivity	915:943	non-celiac gluten sensitivity	915:943	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	28	theme	innate	867:872	arg1	responses					883:891	innate immunity responses	867:891	innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity	867:943	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	7	29	theme	amino	1512:1516	arg1	compositions					1523:1534	their balanced amino acid compositions	1497:1534	their balanced amino acid compositions	1497:1534	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	2	30	from	fractionation	236:248	arg1	cultivars					335:343	25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars	313:343	25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars	313:343	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	30	from	fractionation	236:248	arg1	species					380:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	31	theme	novel	397:401	arg1	proteins					406:413	novel 2S proteins	397:413	novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	397:539	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	6	32	from	counterparts	1269:1280	arg1	species					1293:1299	diploid species	1285:1299	diploid species	1285:1299	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	7	33	theme	balanced	1503:1510	arg1	compositions					1523:1534	their balanced amino acid compositions	1497:1534	their balanced amino acid compositions	1497:1534	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	2	34	from	species	380:386	arg1	fractionation					236:248	fractionation	236:248	fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	236:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	4	35	theme	sequence	764:771	arg1	similarity					773:782	55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity	752:782	55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity	752:782	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	3	36	with	AATI-3	653:658	arg1	structures					683:692	different primary structures	665:692	different primary structures	665:692	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	3	36	with	AATI-3	653:658	arg1	points					710:715	isoelectric points	698:715	isoelectric points	698:715	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	6	37	theme	diploid	1285:1291	arg1	species					1293:1299	diploid species	1285:1299	diploid species	1285:1299	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	4	38	theme	wheat	789:793	arg1	inhibitors					805:814	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	38	theme	wheat	789:793	arg1	CM2					821:823	CM2	821:823	CM2	821:823	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	38	theme	wheat	789:793	arg1	CM16					830:833	CM16	830:833	CM16	830:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	38	theme	wheat	789:793	arg1	CM1					816:818	CM1	816:818	CM1	816:818	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	5	39	theme	tetraploid	967:976	arg1	species					992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species	946:998	species	992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	5	40	dep	A-	1140:1141	arg1	the					1136:1138	the	1136:1138	the	1136:1138	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	6	41	theme	genetic	1338:1344	arg1	origin					1346:1351	the genetic origin	1334:1351	the genetic origin of hexaploid oats	1334:1369	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	3	42	theme	different	665:673	arg1	structures					683:692	different primary structures	665:692	different primary structures	665:692	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	3	43	theme	AATI	555:558	arg1	polypeptides					560:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides	542:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides	542:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	7	44	theme	starch-bound	1405:1416	arg1	vromindolines					1418:1430	starch-bound vromindolines	1405:1430	starch-bound vromindolines	1405:1430	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	7	45	dep	interact	1391:1398	arg1	contribute					1541:1550	contribute	1541:1550	may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner	1537:1611	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	3	46	theme	Thirty-seven	542:553	arg1	polypeptides					560:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides	542:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides	542:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	3	47	theme	primary	675:681	arg1	structures					683:692	different primary structures	665:692	different primary structures	665:692	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	4	48	dep	inhibitors	805:814	arg1	inhibitors					805:814	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	48	dep	inhibitors	805:814	arg1	CM2					821:823	CM2	821:823	CM2	821:823	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	48	dep	inhibitors	805:814	arg1	CM16					830:833	CM16	830:833	CM16	830:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	48	dep	inhibitors	805:814	arg1	CM1					816:818	CM1	816:818	CM1	816:818	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	2	49	theme	Avena	422:426	arg1	AATI					458:461	AATI	458:461	AATI	458:461	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	49	theme	Avena	422:426	arg1	α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors					428:455	Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors	422:455	Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI)	422:462	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	7	50	theme	kernels	1477:1483	arg1	texture					1462:1468	the extra-soft texture	1447:1468	the extra-soft texture of oat kernels	1447:1483	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	5	51	theme	AATI	1046:1049	arg1	proteins					1051:1058	the AATI proteins	1042:1058	the AATI proteins	1042:1058	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	7	52	theme	positive	1597:1604	arg1	manner					1606:1611	a positive manner	1595:1611	a positive manner	1595:1611	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	2	53	theme	sequence	481:488	arg1	similarity					490:499	their sequence similarity	475:499	their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors	475:539	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	54	theme	diploid	352:358	arg1	species					380:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	5	55	theme	AC-genome	978:986	arg1	species					992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species	946:998	species	992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	4	56	with	similarity	773:782	arg1	inhibitors					805:814	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16	789:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	56	with	similarity	773:782	arg1	CM2					821:823	CM2	821:823	CM2	821:823	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	56	with	similarity	773:782	arg1	CM16					830:833	CM16	830:833	CM16	830:833	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	4	56	with	similarity	773:782	arg1	CM1					816:818	CM1	816:818	CM1	816:818	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	3	57	theme	isoelectric	698:708	arg1	points					710:715	isoelectric points	698:715	isoelectric points	698:715	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	6	58	theme	hexaploid	1195:1203	arg1	oats					1205:1208	hexaploid oats	1195:1208	hexaploid oats	1195:1208	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	4	59	theme	gluten	926:931	arg1	sensitivity					933:943	non-celiac gluten sensitivity	915:943	non-celiac gluten sensitivity	915:943	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	7	60	theme	acid	1518:1521	arg1	compositions					1523:1534	their balanced amino acid compositions	1497:1534	their balanced amino acid compositions	1497:1534	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	2	61	theme	starch-bound	288:299	arg1	proteins					301:308	starch-bound proteins	288:308	starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	288:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	4	62	theme	%	762:762	arg1	similarity					773:782	55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity	752:782	55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity	752:782	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	2	63	from	proteins	301:308	arg1	cultivars					335:343	25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars	313:343	25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars	313:343	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	63	from	proteins	301:308	arg1	species					380:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	7	64	theme	proteins	1583:1590	arg1	value					1570:1574	the biological value	1555:1574	the biological value of oat proteins	1555:1590	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	3	65	theme	14 kDa	580:585	arg1	polypeptides					560:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides	542:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides	542:571	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	4	66	theme	55.5-60.0 	752:761	arg1	%					762:762	%	762:762	%	762:762	AATI-1 and AATI-2 proteins showed 55.5-60.0 % sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase inhibitors CM1, CM2, and CM16, which have been found to cause innate immunity responses in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
27495179	5	67	theme	Diploid	946:952	arg1	A-genome					954:961	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species	946:998	A-genome	954:961	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	7	68	theme	extra-soft	1451:1460	arg1	texture					1462:1468	the extra-soft texture	1447:1468	the extra-soft texture of oat kernels	1447:1483	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
27495179	1	69	theme	Oat	60:62	arg1	kernels					64:70	Oat kernels	60:70	Oat kernels	60:70	Oat kernels exhibit an extra-soft texture, a trait recently demonstrated to be largely modulated by starch-bound tryptophan-rich 2S proteins, the vromindolines.
27495179	6	70	theme	AATI	1168:1171	arg1	proteins					1173:1180	Some AATI proteins	1163:1180	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats	1163:1208	Some AATI proteins expressed in hexaploid oats were assigned to the A-genome based on similarity to their counterparts in diploid species, contributing to further clarify the genetic origin of hexaploid oats.
27495179	5	71	theme	oat	988:990	arg1	species					992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species	946:998	species	992:998	Diploid A-genome and tetraploid AC-genome oat species possess three and five genes encoding for the AATI proteins, respectively, whereas hexaploid A. sativa exhibits 12 genes dispersed over the A-, C-, and D-genomes.
27495179	3	72	with	AATI-2	641:646	arg1	structures					683:692	different primary structures	665:692	different primary structures	665:692	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	3	72	with	AATI-2	641:646	arg1	points					710:715	isoelectric points	698:715	isoelectric points	698:715	Thirty-seven AATI polypeptides, about 14 kDa in size, were split into three families named AATI-1, AATI-2, and AATI-3 with different primary structures and isoelectric points.
27495179	2	73	theme	two-dimensional	253:267	arg1	electrophoresis					269:283	two-dimensional electrophoresis	253:283	two-dimensional electrophoresis	253:283	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	2	74	theme	Avena	374:378	arg1	species					380:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species	349:386	In this study, fractionation by two-dimensional electrophoresis of starch-bound proteins in 25 oat (Avena sativa) cultivars and 11 diploid or tetraploid Avena species revealed novel 2S proteins called Avena α-amylase/trypsin-inhibitors (AATI) because of their sequence similarity with wheat α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors.
27495179	7	75	theme	oat	1579:1581	arg1	proteins					1583:1590	oat proteins	1579:1590	oat proteins	1579:1590	Moreover, AATI may interact with starch-bound vromindolines in determining the extra-soft texture of oat kernels and, due to their balanced amino acid compositions, may contribute to the biological value of oat proteins in a positive manner.
28779217	0	0	theme	nocturnal	76:84	arg1	species					96:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species	71:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae)	71:115	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	0	theme	nocturnal	76:84	arg1	Onagraceae					105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	3	1	theme	nectaries	706:714	arg1	structure					693:701	the structure	689:701	the structure of nectaries	689:714	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	7	2	theme	nectar	1309:1314	arg1	release					1291:1297	The release	1287:1297	The release of floral nectar	1287:1314	The release of floral nectar commenced at the bud stage (approx.
28779217	12	3	dep	diurnal	1828:1834	arg1	generalist					1850:1859	generalist	1850:1859	generalist	1850:1859	We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.
28779217	1	4	theme	amino	235:239	arg1	contents					246:253	nectar protein and amino acid contents	216:253	contents	246:253	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	6	5	dep	short	1231:1235	arg1	10-12 h					1242:1248	10-12 h	1242:1248	10-12 h	1242:1248	Anthesis for a single flower was short (ca. 10-12 h), and flowers lasted only one night.
28779217	0	6	from	nectary	7:13	arg1	relation					120:127	relation	120:127	relation to floral visitors	120:146	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	6	from	nectary	7:13	arg1	species					96:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species	71:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae)	71:115	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	6	from	nectary	7:13	arg1	Onagraceae					105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	1	7	theme	Main	149:152	arg1	conclusion					154:163	Main conclusion	149:163	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.	149:419	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	1	8	theme	acid	241:244	arg1	contents					246:253	nectar protein and amino acid contents	216:253	contents	246:253	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	2	9	theme	secretory	545:553	arg1	tissues					555:561	specialized secretory tissues	533:561	specialized secretory tissues	533:561	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	2	10	dep	nectar	493:498	arg1	solution					512:519	an aqueous solution	501:519	floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries	486:588	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	3	11	theme	many	600:603	arg1	papers					605:610	many papers	600:610	many papers on nectaries and nectar	600:634	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	5	12	with	epidermis	1097:1105	arg1	nectarostomata					1113:1126	nectarostomata	1113:1126	nectarostomata	1113:1126	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	5	13	theme	subsecretory	1173:1184	arg1	parenchyma					1186:1195	subsecretory parenchyma	1173:1195	subsecretory parenchyma	1173:1195	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	0	14	theme	Oenothera	86:94	arg1	species					96:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species	71:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae)	71:115	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	14	theme	Oenothera	86:94	arg1	Onagraceae					105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	11	15	located	detected	1757:1764	arg2	acids					1700:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	15	located	detected	1757:1764	arg1	profile					1780:1786	the nectar profile	1769:1786	the nectar profile of the investigated taxa	1769:1811	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	15	located	detected	1757:1764	arg2	types					1746:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	15	located	detected	1757:1764	arg2	protein					1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	15	located	detected	1757:1764	arg2	variety					1683:1689	a great variety	1675:1689	a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types,	1675:1751	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	5	16	with	parenchyma	1186:1195	arg1	nectarostomata					1113:1126	nectarostomata	1113:1126	nectarostomata	1113:1126	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	11	17	theme	amino	1694:1698	arg1	acids					1700:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	17	theme	amino	1694:1698	arg1	protein					1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	17	theme	amino	1694:1698	arg1	types					1746:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	12	18	theme	insect	1883:1888	arg1	visitors					1890:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.
28779217	1	19	theme	related	361:367	arg1	species					375:381	closely related plant species	353:381	closely related plant species	353:381	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	3	20	from	composition	745:755	arg1	species					760:766	species	760:766	species belonging to the same genus	760:794	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	10	21	theme	protein	1579:1585	arg1	0.31 µg ml-1					1646:1657	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	10	21	theme	protein	1579:1585	arg1	low					1629:1631	low	1629:1631	low	1629:1631	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	10	21	theme	protein	1579:1585	arg1	content					1587:1593	The protein content	1575:1593	The protein content of the nectar	1575:1607	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	11	22	theme	nectar	1773:1778	arg1	profile					1780:1786	the nectar profile	1769:1786	the nectar profile of the investigated taxa	1769:1811	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	6	23	dep	10-12 h	1242:1248	arg1	ca.					1238:1240	ca.	1238:1240	ca.	1238:1240	Anthesis for a single flower was short (ca. 10-12 h), and flowers lasted only one night.
28779217	0	24	from	dynamics	34:41	arg1	relation					120:127	relation	120:127	relation to floral visitors	120:146	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	24	from	dynamics	34:41	arg1	species					96:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species	71:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae)	71:115	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	24	from	dynamics	34:41	arg1	Onagraceae					105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	10	25	dep	low	1629:1631	arg1	0.31 µg ml-1					1646:1657	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	10	25	dep	low	1629:1631	arg1	low					1629:1631	low	1629:1631	low	1629:1631	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	10	25	dep	low	1629:1631	arg1	content					1587:1593	The protein content	1575:1593	The protein content of the nectar	1575:1607	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	7	26	dep	commenced	1316:1324	arg1	approx					1344:1349	approx	1344:1349	approx	1344:1349	The release of floral nectar commenced at the bud stage (approx.
28779217	0	27	from	composition	56:66	arg1	relation					120:127	relation	120:127	relation to floral visitors	120:146	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	27	from	composition	56:66	arg1	species					96:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species	71:102	five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae)	71:115	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	0	27	from	composition	56:66	arg1	Onagraceae					105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Onagraceae	105:114	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	3	28	theme	nectar	723:728	arg1	production					730:739	nectar production	723:739	nectar production	723:739	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	4	29	theme	present	842:848	arg1	paper					850:854	the present paper	838:854	the present paper	838:854	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	12	30	theme	diurnal	1828:1834	arg1	visitors					1890:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.
28779217	1	31	theme	floral	169:174	arg1	sucrose-dominant					189:204	sucrose-dominant	189:204	sucrose-dominant	189:204	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	1	31	theme	floral	169:174	arg1	nectars					176:182	The floral nectars	165:182	The floral nectars	165:182	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	0	32	theme	Floral	0:5	arg1	nectary					7:13	Floral nectary	0:13	Floral nectary	0:13	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	6	33	theme	single	1213:1218	arg1	flower					1220:1225	a single flower	1211:1225	a single flower	1211:1225	Anthesis for a single flower was short (ca. 10-12 h), and flowers lasted only one night.
28779217	4	34	theme	floral	989:994	arg1	visitors					996:1003	their floral visitors	983:1003	their floral visitors	983:1003	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	9	35	dep	low	1470:1472	arg1	%					1481:1481	27%	1479:1481	27%	1479:1481	Nectar concentration was relatively low (ca. 27%) and the nectar was sucrose-dominant, and composed mainly of sucrose, glucose and fructose.
28779217	12	36	theme	opportunistic	1862:1874	arg1	visitors					1890:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.
28779217	0	37	theme	nectar	16:21	arg1	dynamics					34:41	nectar production dynamics	16:41	nectar production dynamics	16:41	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	5	38	with	layers	1139:1144	arg1	nectarostomata					1113:1126	nectarostomata	1113:1126	nectarostomata	1113:1126	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	7	39	theme	bud	1333:1335	arg1	stage					1337:1341	the bud stage	1329:1341	the bud stage	1329:1341	The release of floral nectar commenced at the bud stage (approx.
28779217	3	40	from	papers	605:610	arg1	nectar					629:634	nectar	629:634	nectar	629:634	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	3	40	from	papers	605:610	arg1	nectaries					615:623	nectaries	615:623	nectaries	615:623	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	2	41	theme	zoophilous	430:439	arg1	plants					441:446	Numerous zoophilous plants	421:446	Numerous zoophilous plants	421:446	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	12	42	theme	nocturnal	1840:1848	arg1	visitors					1890:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.
28779217	5	43	theme	nectary	1149:1155	arg1	parenchyma					1157:1166	nectary parenchyma	1149:1166	nectary parenchyma	1149:1166	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	4	44	theme	nectar	889:894	arg1	production					896:905	nectar production	889:905	nectar production	889:905	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	10	45	theme	nectar	1602:1607	arg1	0.31 µg ml-1					1646:1657	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	10	45	theme	nectar	1602:1607	arg1	low					1629:1631	low	1629:1631	low	1629:1631	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	10	45	theme	nectar	1602:1607	arg1	content					1587:1593	The protein content	1575:1593	The protein content of the nectar	1575:1607	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	2	46	theme	Numerous	421:428	arg1	plants					441:446	Numerous zoophilous plants	421:446	Numerous zoophilous plants	421:446	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	5	47	theme	parenchyma	1157:1166	arg1	epidermis					1097:1105	the epidermis	1093:1105	the epidermis (with nectarostomata)	1093:1127	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	5	47	theme	parenchyma	1157:1166	arg1	parenchyma					1186:1195	subsecretory parenchyma	1173:1195	subsecretory parenchyma	1173:1195	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	5	47	theme	parenchyma	1157:1166	arg1	layers					1139:1144	numerous layers	1130:1144	numerous layers of nectary parenchyma	1130:1166	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	4	48	theme	nectar	912:917	arg1	composition					919:929	nectar composition	912:929	nectar composition	912:929	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	0	49	theme	production	23:32	arg1	dynamics					34:41	nectar production dynamics	16:41	nectar production dynamics	16:41	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	3	50	theme	same	785:788	arg1	genus					790:794	the same genus	781:794	the same genus	781:794	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	2	51	theme	floral	486:491	arg1	nectar					493:498	floral nectar	486:498	floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries	486:588	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	11	52	theme	non-protein	1734:1744	arg1	types					1746:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	3	53	from	production	730:739	arg1	species					760:766	species	760:766	species belonging to the same genus	760:794	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	12	54	theme	floral	1876:1881	arg1	visitors					1890:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors	1823:1897	We noted both diurnal and nocturnal generalist, opportunistic floral insect visitors.
28779217	11	55	theme	acids	1700:1704	arg1	variety					1683:1689	a great variety	1675:1689	a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types,	1675:1751	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	55	theme	acids	1700:1704	arg1	acids					1700:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	55	theme	acids	1700:1704	arg1	protein					1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	55	theme	acids	1700:1704	arg1	types					1746:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	0	56	theme	chemical	47:54	arg1	composition					56:66	chemical composition	47:66	chemical composition	47:66	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	1	57	theme	nitrogenous	296:306	arg1	compounds					308:316	nitrogenous compounds	296:316	nitrogenous compounds	296:316	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	4	58	theme	floral	873:878	arg1	nectary					880:886	the floral nectary	869:886	the floral nectary	869:886	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	1	59	theme	nectary	402:408	arg1	structure					410:418	nectary structure	402:418	nectary structure	402:418	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	1	60	dep	conclusion	154:163	arg1	sucrose-dominant					189:204	sucrose-dominant	189:204	sucrose-dominant	189:204	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	1	60	dep	conclusion	154:163	arg1	nectars					176:182	The floral nectars	165:182	The floral nectars	165:182	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	1	61	theme	plant	369:373	arg1	species					375:381	closely related plant species	353:381	closely related plant species	353:381	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	1	62	theme	compounds	308:316	arg1	composition					281:291	composition	281:291	composition of nitrogenous compounds	281:316	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	0	63	theme	floral	132:137	arg1	visitors					139:146	floral visitors	132:146	floral visitors	132:146	Floral nectary, nectar production dynamics and chemical composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species (Onagraceae) in relation to floral visitors.
28779217	1	64	theme	structure	410:418	arg1	species					375:381	closely related plant species	353:381	closely related plant species	353:381	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	4	65	theme	nocturnal	939:947	arg1	species					959:965	five nocturnal Oenothera species	934:965	five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors	934:1003	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	9	66	dep	%	1481:1481	arg1	ca.					1475:1477	ca.	1475:1477	ca.	1475:1477	Nectar concentration was relatively low (ca. 27%) and the nectar was sucrose-dominant, and composed mainly of sucrose, glucose and fructose.
28779217	5	67	theme	numerous	1130:1137	arg1	layers					1139:1144	numerous layers	1130:1144	numerous layers of nectary parenchyma	1130:1166	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	5	68	theme	nectaries	1023:1031	arg1	similar					1037:1043	similar	1037:1043	similar	1037:1043	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	5	68	theme	nectaries	1023:1031	arg1	structure					1010:1018	The structure	1006:1018	The structure of nectaries	1006:1031	The structure of nectaries was similar for all the species investigated, and comprised the epidermis (with nectarostomata), numerous layers of nectary parenchyma, and subsecretory parenchyma.
28779217	2	69	theme	floral	573:578	arg1	nectaries					580:588	floral nectaries	573:588	floral nectaries	573:588	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	11	70	theme	great	1677:1681	arg1	variety					1683:1689	a great variety	1675:1689	a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types,	1675:1751	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	70	theme	great	1677:1681	arg1	acids					1700:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	amino acids	1694:1704	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	70	theme	great	1677:1681	arg1	protein					1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	protein	1722:1728	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	11	70	theme	great	1677:1681	arg1	types					1746:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	non-protein types	1734:1750	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	7	71	theme	floral	1302:1307	arg1	nectar					1309:1314	floral nectar	1302:1314	floral nectar	1302:1314	The release of floral nectar commenced at the bud stage (approx.
28779217	8	72	theme	petal	1419:1423	arg1	closure					1425:1431	petal closure	1419:1431	petal closure	1419:1431	4 h before anthesis) and nectar was available to pollinators until petal closure.
28779217	9	73	theme	Nectar	1434:1439	arg1	concentration					1441:1453	Nectar concentration	1434:1453	Nectar concentration	1434:1453	Nectar concentration was relatively low (ca. 27%) and the nectar was sucrose-dominant, and composed mainly of sucrose, glucose and fructose.
28779217	10	74	from	0.31 µg ml-1	1646:1657	arg1	average					1637:1643	average	1637:1643	average	1637:1643	The protein content of the nectar was also relatively low (on average, 0.31 µg ml-1).
28779217	1	75	theme	nectar	216:221	arg1	protein					223:229	nectar protein and amino acid contents	216:253	protein	223:229	Main conclusion The floral nectars were sucrose-dominant; however, nectar protein and amino acid contents differed, indicating that composition of nitrogenous compounds may vary considerably even between closely related plant species, irrespectively of nectary structure.
28779217	4	76	theme	Oenothera	949:957	arg1	species					959:965	five nocturnal Oenothera species	934:965	five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors	934:1003	To redress this imbalance, we sought, in the present paper, to describe the floral nectary, nectar production, and nectar composition in five nocturnal Oenothera species with respect to their floral visitors.
28779217	3	77	theme	little	668:673	arg1	research					675:682	a little research	666:682	a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus	666:794	Although many papers on nectaries and nectar already exist, there has been a little research into the structure of nectaries and/or nectar production and composition in species belonging to the same genus.
28779217	11	78	theme	investigated	1795:1806	arg1	taxa					1808:1811	the investigated taxa	1791:1811	the investigated taxa	1791:1811	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	2	79	theme	aqueous	504:510	arg1	solution					512:519	an aqueous solution	501:519	floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries	486:588	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
28779217	11	80	theme	taxa	1808:1811	arg1	profile					1780:1786	the nectar profile	1769:1786	the nectar profile of the investigated taxa	1769:1811	Nevertheless, a great variety of amino acids, including both protein and non-protein types, was detected in the nectar profile of the investigated taxa.
28779217	2	81	theme	specialized	533:543	arg1	tissues					555:561	specialized secretory tissues	533:561	specialized secretory tissues	533:561	Numerous zoophilous plants attract their pollinators by offering floral nectar; an aqueous solution produced by specialized secretory tissues, known as floral nectaries.
27321991	1	0	dep	important	282:290	arg1	therapeutic					292:302	therapeutic	292:302	therapeutic	292:302	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	9	1	theme	DSS-induced	1523:1533	arg1	colitis					1535:1541	DSS-induced colitis	1523:1541	DSS-induced colitis	1523:1541	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	1	2	theme	katsumadai	159:168	arg1	Alpinetin					123:131	Alpinetin	123:131	Alpinetin	123:131	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	2	theme	katsumadai	159:168	arg1	composition					136:146	a composition	134:146	a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata	134:175	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	4	3	contain	containing	656:665	arg1	water					650:654	water	650:654	water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days	650:689	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	4	3	contain	containing	656:665	arg2	DSS					676:678	5% (w/v) DSS	667:678	5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days	667:689	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	8	4	theme	receptor	1391:1398	arg1	protein					1400:1406	NOD-like receptor protein 3	1382:1408	NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)	1382:1416	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	8	4	theme	receptor	1391:1398	arg1	NLRP3					1411:1415	NLRP3	1411:1415	NLRP3	1411:1415	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	7	5	theme	colonic	1038:1044	arg1	shortening					1046:1055	colonic shortening	1038:1055	colonic shortening	1038:1055	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	3	6	from	effect	479:484	arg1	colitis					553:559	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis	516:559	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice	516:567	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	2	7	theme	alpinetin	339:347	arg1	effect					329:334	the effect	325:334	the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	325:383	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	8	8	theme	NOD-like	1382:1389	arg1	protein					1400:1406	NOD-like receptor protein 3	1382:1408	NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)	1382:1416	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	8	8	theme	NOD-like	1382:1389	arg1	NLRP3					1411:1415	NLRP3	1411:1415	NLRP3	1411:1415	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	0	9	theme	acute	108:112	arg1	colitis					114:120	DSS-induced acute colitis	96:120	DSS-induced acute colitis	96:120	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	7	10	from	injury	1071:1076	arg1	mice					1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	1	11	theme	antibacterial	247:259	arg1	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	0	12	theme	DSS-induced	96:106	arg1	colitis					114:120	DSS-induced acute colitis	96:120	DSS-induced acute colitis	96:120	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	3	13	from	mechanism	490:498	arg1	colitis					553:559	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis	516:559	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice	516:567	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	5	14	theme	DSS	797:799	arg1	treatment					801:809	DSS treatment	797:809	DSS treatment	797:809	Alpinetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were administered once a day by intraperitoneal injection 3 days before DSS treatment.
27321991	6	15	theme	THP-1	879:883	arg1	macrophages					885:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	8	16	theme	protein	1400:1406	arg1	activation					1431:1440	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation	1334:1440	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation	1334:1440	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	2	17	from	effect	329:334	arg1	IBD					380:382	IBD	380:382	IBD	380:382	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	2	17	from	effect	329:334	arg1	disease					371:377	inflammatory bowel disease	352:377	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	352:383	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	3	18	theme	alpinetin	503:511	arg1	mechanism					490:498	mechanism	490:498	mechanism	490:498	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	3	18	theme	alpinetin	503:511	arg1	effect					479:484	the anti-inflammatory effect	457:484	the anti-inflammatory effect	457:484	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	7	19	from	diarrhea	1028:1035	arg1	mice					1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	9	20	contain	had	1497:1499	arg2	effects					1512:1518	protective effects	1501:1518	protective effects	1501:1518	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	9	20	contain	had	1497:1499	arg1	alpinetin					1487:1495	alpinetin	1487:1495	alpinetin	1487:1495	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	5	21	theme	intraperitoneal	757:771	arg1	injection					773:781	intraperitoneal injection 3 days	757:788	intraperitoneal injection 3 days before DSS treatment	757:809	Alpinetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were administered once a day by intraperitoneal injection 3 days before DSS treatment.
27321991	9	22	theme	promising	1556:1564	arg1	reagent					1578:1584	a promising therapeutic reagent	1554:1584	a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment	1554:1606	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	6	23	theme	monocytic	869:877	arg1	macrophages					885:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	1	24	dep	katsumadai	159:168	arg1	Hayata					170:175	Alpinia katsumadai Hayata	151:175	Alpinia katsumadai Hayata	151:175	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	25	theme	antitumor	262:270	arg1	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	9	26	theme	protective	1501:1510	arg1	effects					1512:1518	protective effects	1501:1518	protective effects	1501:1518	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	8	27	theme	factor-kappaB	1356:1368	arg1	activation					1431:1440	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation	1334:1440	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation	1334:1440	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	7	28	from	activity	1101:1108	arg1	mice					1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	6	29	theme	-differentiated	853:867	arg1	macrophages					885:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	9	30	theme	therapeutic	1566:1576	arg1	reagent					1578:1584	a promising therapeutic reagent	1554:1584	a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment	1554:1606	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	4	31	dep	%	668:668	arg1	w/v					671:673	w/v	671:673	w/v	671:673	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	3	32	from	colitis	553:559	arg1	mice					564:567	mice	564:567	mice	564:567	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	3	33	theme	study	432:436	arg1	purpose					416:422	The purpose	412:422	The purpose of this study	412:436	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	0	34	theme	inflammatory	21:32	arg1	responses					34:42	inflammatory responses	21:42	inflammatory responses	21:42	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	1	35	theme	other	276:280	arg1	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	8	36	theme	LPS-induced	1246:1256	arg1	TNF-α					1258:1262	LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production	1246:1283	TNF-α	1258:1262	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	8	37	theme	IL-1β	1268:1272	arg1	production					1274:1283	LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production	1246:1283	production	1274:1283	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	4	38	theme	DSS-induced	579:589	arg1	model					604:608	DSS-induced mice colitis model	579:608	DSS-induced mice colitis model	579:608	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	7	39	theme	histological	1058:1069	arg1	injury					1071:1076	histological injury	1058:1076	histological injury	1058:1076	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	1	40	theme	important	282:290	arg1	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	9	41	theme	colitis	1590:1596	arg1	treatment					1598:1606	colitis treatment	1590:1606	colitis treatment	1590:1606	In conclusion, this study demonstrated that alpinetin had protective effects on DSS-induced colitis and may be a promising therapeutic reagent for colitis treatment.
27321991	0	42	from	pathways	84:91	arg1	colitis					114:120	DSS-induced acute colitis	96:120	DSS-induced acute colitis	96:120	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	5	43	dep	injection	773:781	arg1	days					785:788	3 days	783:788	intraperitoneal injection 3 days before DSS treatment	757:809	Alpinetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were administered once a day by intraperitoneal injection 3 days before DSS treatment.
27321991	8	44	theme	nuclear	1334:1340	arg1	factor-kappaB					1356:1368	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB	1334:1368	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB)	1334:1376	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	8	44	theme	nuclear	1334:1340	arg1	NF-κB					1371:1375	NF-κB	1371:1375	NF-κB	1371:1375	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	4	45	theme	colitis	596:602	arg1	model					604:608	DSS-induced mice colitis model	579:608	DSS-induced mice colitis model	579:608	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	6	46	theme	acetate	840:846	arg1	macrophages					885:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	7	47	theme	necrosis	1139:1146	arg1	TNF-α					1156:1160	TNF-α	1156:1160	TNF-α	1156:1160	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	47	theme	necrosis	1139:1146	arg1	factor					1148:1153	tumor necrosis factor	1133:1153	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)	1133:1161	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	3	48	theme	-induced	544:551	arg1	colitis					553:559	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis	516:559	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice	516:567	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	7	49	from	production	1187:1196	arg1	mice					1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	4	50	theme	%	668:668	arg1	DSS					676:678	5% (w/v) DSS	667:678	5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days	667:689	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	0	51	theme	TLR4	59:62	arg1	pathways					84:91	TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways	59:91	TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis	59:120	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	6	52	theme	myristate	830:838	arg1	acetate					840:846	phorbol myristate acetate	822:846	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	6	52	theme	myristate	830:838	arg1	PMA					849:851	PMA	849:851	PMA	849:851	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	7	53	theme	tumor	1133:1137	arg1	TNF-α					1156:1160	TNF-α	1156:1160	TNF-α	1156:1160	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	53	theme	tumor	1133:1137	arg1	factor					1148:1153	tumor necrosis factor	1133:1153	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)	1133:1161	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	54	from	expressions	1118:1128	arg1	mice					1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	8	55	theme	transcription	1342:1354	arg1	factor-kappaB					1356:1368	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB	1334:1368	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB)	1334:1376	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	8	55	theme	transcription	1342:1354	arg1	NF-κB					1371:1375	NF-κB	1371:1375	NF-κB	1371:1375	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	3	56	theme	anti-inflammatory	461:477	arg1	effect					479:484	the anti-inflammatory effect	457:484	the anti-inflammatory effect	457:484	The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of alpinetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.
27321991	6	57	theme	phorbol	822:828	arg1	acetate					840:846	phorbol myristate acetate	822:846	phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages	822:895	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	6	57	theme	phorbol	822:828	arg1	PMA					849:851	PMA	849:851	PMA	849:851	In vitro, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated monocytic THP-1 macrophages were treated with alpinetin and stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
27321991	8	58	theme	inflammasome	1418:1429	arg1	activation					1431:1440	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation	1334:1440	nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation	1334:1440	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	7	59	from	mice	1201:1204	arg1	diarrhea					1028:1035	diarrhea	1028:1035	diarrhea	1028:1035	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	59	from	mice	1201:1204	arg1	shortening					1046:1055	colonic shortening	1038:1055	colonic shortening	1038:1055	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	59	from	mice	1201:1204	arg1	injury					1071:1076	histological injury	1058:1076	histological injury	1058:1076	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	59	from	mice	1201:1204	arg1	activity					1101:1108	myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity	1079:1108	myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity	1079:1108	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	59	from	mice	1201:1204	arg1	expressions					1118:1128	the expressions	1114:1128	the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice	1114:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	1	60	contain	have	199:202	arg2	number					206:211	a number	204:211	a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	204:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	60	contain	have	199:202	arg1	Alpinetin					123:131	Alpinetin	123:131	Alpinetin	123:131	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	60	contain	have	199:202	arg1	composition					136:146	a composition	134:146	a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata	134:175	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	60	contain	have	199:202	arg2	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	8	61	theme	Toll-like	1297:1305	arg1	receptor					1307:1314	Toll-like receptor 4	1297:1316	Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)	1297:1323	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	8	61	theme	Toll-like	1297:1305	arg1	TLR4					1319:1322	TLR4	1319:1322	TLR4	1319:1322	In vitro, alpinetin markedly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production, as well as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation.
27321991	7	62	theme	interleukin	1167:1177	arg1	production					1187:1196	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production	1133:1196	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice	1133:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	1	63	theme	biological	216:225	arg1	properties					227:236	biological properties	216:236	biological properties	216:236	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	63	theme	biological	216:225	arg1	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	0	64	theme	signaling	74:82	arg1	pathways					84:91	TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways	59:91	TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis	59:120	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	7	65	theme	production	1187:1196	arg1	diarrhea					1028:1035	diarrhea	1028:1035	diarrhea	1028:1035	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	65	theme	production	1187:1196	arg1	shortening					1046:1055	colonic shortening	1038:1055	colonic shortening	1038:1055	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	65	theme	production	1187:1196	arg1	injury					1071:1076	histological injury	1058:1076	histological injury	1058:1076	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	65	theme	production	1187:1196	arg1	activity					1101:1108	myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity	1079:1108	myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity	1079:1108	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	65	theme	production	1187:1196	arg1	expressions					1118:1128	the expressions	1114:1128	the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice	1114:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	4	66	theme	mice	591:594	arg1	model					604:608	DSS-induced mice colitis model	579:608	DSS-induced mice colitis model	579:608	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
27321991	2	67	theme	bowel	365:369	arg1	IBD					380:382	IBD	380:382	IBD	380:382	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	2	67	theme	bowel	365:369	arg1	disease					371:377	inflammatory bowel disease	352:377	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	352:383	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	1	68	theme	properties	227:236	arg1	activities					304:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	247:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	1	68	theme	properties	227:236	arg1	number					206:211	a number	204:211	a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities	204:313	Alpinetin, a composition of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has been reported to have a number of biological properties, such as antibacterial, antitumor and other important therapeutic activities.
27321991	0	69	theme	NLRP3	68:72	arg1	pathways					84:91	TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways	59:91	TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis	59:120	Alpinetin attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 and NLRP3 signaling pathways in DSS-induced acute colitis.
27321991	7	70	from	shortening	1046:1055	arg1	mice					1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	mice	1201:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	7	71	theme	myeloperoxidase	1079:1093	arg1	activity					1101:1108	myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity	1079:1108	myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity	1079:1108	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	2	72	theme	inflammatory	352:363	arg1	IBD					380:382	IBD	380:382	IBD	380:382	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	2	72	theme	inflammatory	352:363	arg1	disease					371:377	inflammatory bowel disease	352:377	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	352:383	However, the effect of alpinetin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not yet been reported.
27321991	7	73	theme	factor	1148:1153	arg1	production					1187:1196	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production	1133:1196	tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice	1133:1204	The results showed that alpinetin significantly attenuated diarrhea, colonic shortening, histological injury, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) production in mice.
27321991	4	74	theme	5	667:667	arg1	%					668:668	%	668:668	%	668:668	In vivo, DSS-induced mice colitis model was established by giving mice drinking water containing 5% (w/v) DSS for 7 days.
25745027	4	0	theme	HDL	445:447	arg1	functionality					449:461	HDL functionality	445:461	HDL functionality	445:461	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	4	1	from	patients	466:473	arg1	PD					484:485	PD	484:485	PD	484:485	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	4	1	from	patients	466:473	arg1	HD					478:479	HD	478:479	HD	478:479	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	6	2	theme	paraoxonase	848:858	arg1	activity					860:867	HDL-associated paraoxonase activity	833:867	HDL-associated paraoxonase activity	833:867	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	8	3	from	formation	1114:1122	arg1	patients					1148:1155	patients	1148:1155	patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD	1148:1185	In summary, our study provides mechanistic insights into the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD.
25745027	5	4	theme	profound	608:615	arg1	alterations					617:627	profound alterations	608:627	profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition	608:671	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	5	5	theme	dialysis	539:546	arg1	groups					548:553	both dialysis groups	534:553	both dialysis groups	534:553	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	5	6	from	groups	548:553	arg1	HDL					525:527	HDL	525:527	HDL from both dialysis groups	525:553	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	6	7	theme	HDL-associated	833:846	arg1	activity					860:867	HDL-associated paraoxonase activity	833:867	HDL-associated paraoxonase activity	833:867	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	8	8	theme	dysfunctional	1127:1139	arg1	HDL					1141:1143	dysfunctional HDL	1127:1143	dysfunctional HDL	1127:1143	In summary, our study provides mechanistic insights into the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD.
25745027	7	9	theme	HDL	947:949	arg1	metabolism					951:960	HDL metabolism	947:960	HDL metabolism	947:960	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	1	10	theme	Lipid	54:58	arg1	abnormalities					60:72	Lipid abnormalities	54:72	Lipid abnormalities	54:72	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	3	11	from	composition	244:254	arg1	patients					292:299	patients	292:299	patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls	292:387	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	4	12	theme	several	426:432	arg1	metrics					434:440	several metrics	426:440	several metrics of HDL functionality	426:461	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	1	13	from	dialysis	129:136	arg1	outcomes					105:112	clinical outcomes	96:112	clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis	96:136	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	2	14	theme	Recent	139:144	arg1	studies					146:152	Recent studies	139:152	Recent studies	139:152	Recent studies have indicated that HDL dysfunction is a hallmark of ESRD.
25745027	8	15	theme	HDL	1141:1143	arg1	formation					1114:1122	the formation	1110:1122	the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD	1110:1185	In summary, our study provides mechanistic insights into the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD.
25745027	1	16	from	patients	117:124	arg1	dialysis					129:136	dialysis	129:136	dialysis	129:136	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	7	17	theme	activities	924:933	arg1	Quantification					899:912	Quantification	899:912	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism	899:960	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	4	18	theme	metrics	434:440	arg1	suppression					411:421	a marked suppression	402:421	a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality	402:461	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	5	19	theme	proinflammatory	577:591	arg1	phenotype					593:601	a more proinflammatory phenotype	570:601	a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition	570:671	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	7	20	theme	enzyme	917:922	arg1	activities					924:933	enzyme activities	917:933	enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism	917:960	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	5	21	theme	lipid	636:640	arg1	moiety					642:647	the lipid moiety	632:647	the lipid moiety	632:647	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	3	22	theme	healthy	372:378	arg1	controls					380:387	healthy controls	372:387	healthy controls	372:387	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	1	23	contain	have	78:81	arg2	effect					86:91	an effect	83:91	an effect	83:91	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	1	23	contain	have	78:81	arg1	abnormalities					60:72	Lipid abnormalities	54:72	Lipid abnormalities	54:72	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	1	24	from	outcomes	105:112	arg1	dialysis					129:136	dialysis	129:136	dialysis	129:136	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	3	25	theme	peritoneal	333:342	arg1	PD					354:355	PD	354:355	PD	354:355	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	3	25	theme	peritoneal	333:342	arg1	dialysis					344:351	peritoneal dialysis	333:351	peritoneal dialysis (PD)	333:356	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	6	26	theme	antiapoptotic	744:756	arg1	functions					758:766	anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions	722:766	anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions	722:766	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	5	27	theme	protein	653:659	arg1	composition					661:671	protein composition	653:671	protein composition	653:671	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	2	28	theme	HDL	174:176	arg1	dysfunction					178:188	HDL dysfunction	174:188	HDL dysfunction	174:188	Recent studies have indicated that HDL dysfunction is a hallmark of ESRD.
25745027	2	28	theme	HDL	174:176	arg1	hallmark					195:202	a hallmark	193:202	a hallmark of ESRD	193:210	Recent studies have indicated that HDL dysfunction is a hallmark of ESRD.
25745027	1	29	theme	clinical	96:103	arg1	outcomes					105:112	clinical outcomes	96:112	clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis	96:136	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	5	30	from	alterations	617:627	arg1	moiety					642:647	the lipid moiety	632:647	the lipid moiety	632:647	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	5	30	from	alterations	617:627	arg1	composition					661:671	protein composition	653:671	protein composition	653:671	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	3	31	theme	HDL	240:242	arg1	composition					244:254	HDL composition	240:254	HDL composition	240:254	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	0	32	theme	HDL	24:26	arg1	Composition					28:38	HDL Composition	24:38	HDL Composition	24:38	Dialysis Modalities and HDL Composition and Function.
25745027	6	33	theme	anti-inflammatory	722:738	arg1	functions					758:766	anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions	722:766	anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions	722:766	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	3	34	theme	HDL	271:273	arg1	functionality					275:287	HDL functionality	271:287	HDL functionality	271:287	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	4	35	theme	marked	404:409	arg1	suppression					411:421	a marked suppression	402:421	a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality	402:461	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	2	36	theme	ESRD	207:210	arg1	dysfunction					178:188	HDL dysfunction	174:188	HDL dysfunction	174:188	Recent studies have indicated that HDL dysfunction is a hallmark of ESRD.
25745027	2	36	theme	ESRD	207:210	arg1	hallmark					195:202	a hallmark	193:202	a hallmark of ESRD	193:210	Recent studies have indicated that HDL dysfunction is a hallmark of ESRD.
25745027	5	37	theme	Compositional	488:500	arg1	analysis					502:509	Compositional analysis	488:509	Compositional analysis	488:509	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	6	38	from	patients	809:816	arg1	HD					821:822	HD	821:822	HD	821:822	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	3	39	theme	functionality	275:287	arg1	composition					244:254	HDL composition	240:254	HDL composition	240:254	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	3	39	theme	functionality	275:287	arg1	metrics					260:266	metrics	260:266	metrics	260:266	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	7	40	theme	particle	981:988	arg1	maturation					990:999	HDL particle maturation	977:999	HDL particle maturation	977:999	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	5	41	with	phenotype	593:601	arg1	alterations					617:627	profound alterations	608:627	profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition	608:671	Compositional analysis revealed that HDL from both dialysis groups shifted toward a more proinflammatory phenotype with profound alterations in the lipid moiety and protein composition.
25745027	8	42	theme	mechanistic	1084:1094	arg1	insights					1096:1103	mechanistic insights	1084:1103	mechanistic insights into the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD	1084:1185	In summary, our study provides mechanistic insights into the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD.
25745027	6	43	theme	cholesterol	699:709	arg1	efflux					711:716	cholesterol efflux	699:716	cholesterol efflux	699:716	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	1	44	theme	patients	117:124	arg1	outcomes					105:112	clinical outcomes	96:112	clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis	96:136	Lipid abnormalities may have an effect on clinical outcomes of patients on dialysis.
25745027	3	45	from	metrics	260:266	arg1	patients					292:299	patients	292:299	patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls	292:387	In this study, we compared HDL composition and metrics of HDL functionality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) with those in healthy controls.
25745027	8	46	with	patients	1148:1155	arg1	ESRD					1162:1165	ESRD	1162:1165	ESRD	1162:1165	In summary, our study provides mechanistic insights into the formation of dysfunctional HDL in patients with ESRD who are on HD or PD.
25745027	6	47	from	patients	883:890	arg1	PD					895:896	PD	895:896	PD	895:896	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	7	48	theme	HDL	977:979	arg1	maturation					990:999	HDL particle maturation	977:999	HDL particle maturation	977:999	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	6	49	dep	function	689:696	arg1	regard					679:684	regard	679:684	regard	679:684	With regard to function, cholesterol efflux and anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic functions seemed to be more severely suppressed in patients on HD, whereas HDL-associated paraoxonase activity was lowest in patients on PD.
25745027	4	50	theme	functionality	449:461	arg1	metrics					434:440	several metrics	426:440	several metrics of HDL functionality	426:461	We detected a marked suppression of several metrics of HDL functionality in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	7	51	from	patients	1031:1038	arg1	HD					1043:1044	HD	1043:1044	HD	1043:1044	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
25745027	7	51	from	patients	1031:1038	arg1	PD					1049:1050	PD	1049:1050	PD	1049:1050	Quantification of enzyme activities involved in HDL metabolism suggested that HDL particle maturation and remodeling are altered in patients on HD or PD.
24378954	10	0	theme	genes	1086:1090	arg1	assignment					1066:1075	Functional assignment	1055:1075	Functional assignment of these genes	1055:1090	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	10	1	theme	macrophages	1144:1154	arg1	potential					1122:1130	enhanced chemotactic potential	1101:1130	enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages	1101:1154	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	10	2	theme	pro-inflammatory	1196:1211	arg1	cells					1213:1217	pro-inflammatory cells	1196:1217	pro-inflammatory cells	1196:1217	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	1	3	dep	BACKGROUND	100:109	arg1	threatened					144:153	threatened	144:153	is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions	141:189	BACKGROUND The neonatal surgical patient is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions.
24378954	3	4	theme	different	357:365	arg1	ligands					386:392	different bacterial or viral ligands	357:392	different bacterial or viral ligands	357:392	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	4	5	from	mice	505:508	arg1	outs					449:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs	425:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	425:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	4	6	theme	METHODS	425:431	arg1	outs					449:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs	425:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	425:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	11	7	with	stimulation	1349:1359	arg1	ligands					1375:1381	four TLR ligands	1366:1381	four TLR ligands	1366:1381	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic potential upon stimulation with four TLR ligands.
24378954	7	8	theme	second	708:713	arg1	experiments					722:732	experiments	722:732	experiments	722:732	In a second set of experiments, lipopolysaccharide was applied into peritoneal cavities.
24378954	7	8	theme	second	708:713	arg1	set					715:717	a second set	706:717	a second set of experiments	706:732	In a second set of experiments, lipopolysaccharide was applied into peritoneal cavities.
24378954	5	9	theme	different	633:641	arg1	ligands					647:653	four different TLR ligands	628:653	four different TLR ligands	628:653	In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands.
24378954	12	10	theme	peritoneal	1458:1467	arg1	cavity					1469:1474	the peritoneal cavity	1454:1474	the peritoneal cavity	1454:1474	This was associated with an increased influx of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity.
24378954	8	11	theme	cellular	821:828	arg1	composition					830:840	the cellular composition	817:840	the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities	817:865	After 6 h of incubation, the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities was evaluated by cytological staining as well as chipcytometry.
24378954	10	12	theme	neonatal	1224:1231	arg1	cavities					1244:1251	neonatal peritoneal cavities	1224:1251	neonatal peritoneal cavities	1224:1251	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	2	13	from	players	221:227	arg1	process					237:243	this process	232:243	this process	232:243	Neonatal macrophages are key players in this process.
24378954	5	14	theme	TLR	643:645	arg1	ligands					647:653	four different TLR ligands	628:653	four different TLR ligands	628:653	In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands.
24378954	4	15	theme	wash	444:447	arg1	outs					449:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs	425:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	425:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	12	16	theme	cells	1445:1449	arg1	influx					1422:1427	an increased influx	1409:1427	an increased influx of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity	1409:1474	This was associated with an increased influx of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity.
24378954	3	17	theme	viral	380:384	arg1	ligands					386:392	different bacterial or viral ligands	357:392	different bacterial or viral ligands	357:392	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	4	18	theme	adult	480:484	arg1	mice					505:508	neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	459:508	neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	459:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	3	19	theme	neonatal	277:284	arg1	macrophages					286:296	neonatal macrophages	277:296	neonatal macrophages	277:296	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	4	20	theme	Peritoneal	433:442	arg1	outs					449:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs	425:452	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	425:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	6	21	theme	transcriptome	679:691	arg1	analysis					693:700	transcriptome analysis	679:700	transcriptome analysis	679:700	mRNA was extracted for transcriptome analysis.
24378954	9	22	theme	Neonatal	939:946	arg1	macrophages					966:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	10	23	theme	chemotactic	1110:1120	arg1	potential					1122:1130	enhanced chemotactic potential	1101:1130	enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages	1101:1154	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	3	24	theme	macrophages	286:296	arg1	ability					266:272	the ability	262:272	the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs)	262:422	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	9	25	theme	peritoneal	955:964	arg1	macrophages					966:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	8	26	theme	cavities	858:865	arg1	composition					830:840	the cellular composition	817:840	the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities	817:865	After 6 h of incubation, the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities was evaluated by cytological staining as well as chipcytometry.
24378954	9	27	theme	RESULTS	931:937	arg1	macrophages					966:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	0	28	theme	murine	9:14	arg1	macrophages					16:26	Neonatal murine macrophages	0:26	Neonatal murine macrophages	0:26	Neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation.
24378954	10	29	theme	enhanced	1101:1108	arg1	potential					1122:1130	enhanced chemotactic potential	1101:1130	enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages	1101:1154	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	3	30	theme	bacterial	367:375	arg1	ligands					386:392	different bacterial or viral ligands	357:392	different bacterial or viral ligands	357:392	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	12	31	theme	inflammatory	1432:1443	arg1	cells					1445:1449	inflammatory cells	1432:1449	inflammatory cells	1432:1449	This was associated with an increased influx of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity.
24378954	8	32	theme	inflamed	849:856	arg1	cavities					858:865	the inflamed cavities	845:865	the inflamed cavities	845:865	After 6 h of incubation, the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities was evaluated by cytological staining as well as chipcytometry.
24378954	0	33	theme	Neonatal	0:7	arg1	macrophages					16:26	Neonatal murine macrophages	0:26	Neonatal murine macrophages	0:26	Neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation.
24378954	5	34	theme	experiments	563:573	arg1	experiments					563:573	experiments	563:573	experiments	563:573	In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands.
24378954	5	34	theme	experiments	563:573	arg1	set					556:558	a first set	548:558	a first set of experiments	548:573	In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands.
24378954	11	35	theme	TLR	1371:1373	arg1	ligands					1375:1381	four TLR ligands	1366:1381	four TLR ligands	1366:1381	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic potential upon stimulation with four TLR ligands.
24378954	13	36	theme	strong	1506:1511	arg1	responses					1526:1534	the strong inflammatory responses	1502:1534	the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms	1502:1559	This might contribute to the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms.
24378954	11	37	theme	Neonatal	1265:1272	arg1	macrophages					1285:1295	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages	1254:1295	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages	1254:1295	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic potential upon stimulation with four TLR ligands.
24378954	1	38	theme	neonatal	115:122	arg1	patient					133:139	The neonatal surgical patient	111:139	The neonatal surgical patient	111:139	BACKGROUND The neonatal surgical patient is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions.
24378954	10	39	theme	cells	1213:1217	arg1	influx					1186:1191	a higher influx	1177:1191	a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities	1177:1251	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	7	40	theme	peritoneal	771:780	arg1	cavities					782:789	peritoneal cavities	771:789	peritoneal cavities	771:789	In a second set of experiments, lipopolysaccharide was applied into peritoneal cavities.
24378954	3	41	theme	local	312:316	arg1	reaction					331:338	a local inflammatory reaction	310:338	a local inflammatory reaction	310:338	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	2	42	theme	key	217:219	arg1	macrophages					201:211	Neonatal macrophages	192:211	Neonatal macrophages	192:211	Neonatal macrophages are key players in this process.
24378954	2	42	theme	key	217:219	arg1	players					221:227	key players	217:227	key players in this process	217:243	Neonatal macrophages are key players in this process.
24378954	1	43	theme	surgical	124:131	arg1	patient					133:139	The neonatal surgical patient	111:139	The neonatal surgical patient	111:139	BACKGROUND The neonatal surgical patient is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions.
24378954	8	44	theme	cytological	884:894	arg1	staining					896:903	cytological staining	884:903	cytological staining as well as chipcytometry	884:928	After 6 h of incubation, the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities was evaluated by cytological staining as well as chipcytometry.
24378954	13	45	theme	neonates	1539:1546	arg1	responses					1526:1534	the strong inflammatory responses	1502:1534	the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms	1502:1559	This might contribute to the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms.
24378954	0	46	theme	chemotactic	42:52	arg1	capacity					54:61	enhanced chemotactic capacity	33:61	enhanced chemotactic capacity	33:61	Neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation.
24378954	10	47	theme	neonatal	1135:1142	arg1	macrophages					1144:1154	neonatal macrophages	1135:1154	neonatal macrophages	1135:1154	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	0	48	theme	enhanced	33:40	arg1	capacity					54:61	enhanced chemotactic capacity	33:61	enhanced chemotactic capacity	33:61	Neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation.
24378954	10	49	theme	higher	1179:1184	arg1	influx					1186:1191	a higher influx	1177:1191	a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities	1177:1251	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	10	50	theme	peritoneal	1233:1242	arg1	cavities					1244:1251	neonatal peritoneal cavities	1224:1251	neonatal peritoneal cavities	1224:1251	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	13	51	theme	preterms	1552:1559	arg1	responses					1526:1534	the strong inflammatory responses	1502:1534	the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms	1502:1559	This might contribute to the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms.
24378954	2	52	theme	Neonatal	192:199	arg1	macrophages					201:211	Neonatal macrophages	192:211	Neonatal macrophages	192:211	Neonatal macrophages are key players in this process.
24378954	2	52	theme	Neonatal	192:199	arg1	players					221:227	key players	217:227	key players in this process	217:243	Neonatal macrophages are key players in this process.
24378954	9	53	theme	murine	948:953	arg1	macrophages					966:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages	931:976	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	11	54	theme	enhanced	1313:1320	arg1	potential					1334:1342	an enhanced chemotactic potential	1310:1342	an enhanced chemotactic potential	1310:1342	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic potential upon stimulation with four TLR ligands.
24378954	12	55	theme	increased	1412:1420	arg1	influx					1422:1427	an increased influx	1409:1427	an increased influx of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity	1409:1474	This was associated with an increased influx of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity.
24378954	11	56	theme	chemotactic	1322:1332	arg1	potential					1334:1342	an enhanced chemotactic potential	1310:1342	an enhanced chemotactic potential	1310:1342	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic potential upon stimulation with four TLR ligands.
24378954	11	57	theme	peritoneal	1274:1283	arg1	macrophages					1285:1295	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages	1254:1295	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages	1254:1295	CONCLUSION Neonatal peritoneal macrophages demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic potential upon stimulation with four TLR ligands.
24378954	4	58	theme	peritoneal	525:534	arg1	lavages					536:542	peritoneal lavages	525:542	peritoneal lavages	525:542	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	3	59	theme	inflammatory	318:329	arg1	reaction					331:338	a local inflammatory reaction	310:338	a local inflammatory reaction	310:338	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	10	60	theme	Functional	1055:1064	arg1	assignment					1066:1075	Functional assignment	1055:1075	Functional assignment of these genes	1055:1090	Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.
24378954	5	61	theme	first	550:554	arg1	experiments					563:573	experiments	563:573	experiments	563:573	In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands.
24378954	5	61	theme	first	550:554	arg1	set					556:558	a first set	548:558	a first set of experiments	548:573	In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands.
24378954	13	62	theme	inflammatory	1513:1524	arg1	responses					1526:1534	the strong inflammatory responses	1502:1534	the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms	1502:1559	This might contribute to the strong inflammatory responses of neonates and preterms.
24378954	9	63	theme	pro-	1022:1025	arg1	genes					1048:1052	pro- and anti-chemotactic genes	1022:1052	pro- and anti-chemotactic genes	1022:1052	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	7	64	theme	experiments	722:732	arg1	experiments					722:732	experiments	722:732	experiments	722:732	In a second set of experiments, lipopolysaccharide was applied into peritoneal cavities.
24378954	7	64	theme	experiments	722:732	arg1	set					715:717	a second set	706:717	a second set of experiments	706:732	In a second set of experiments, lipopolysaccharide was applied into peritoneal cavities.
24378954	8	65	theme	incubation	805:814	arg1	h					800:800	6 h	798:800	6 h of incubation	798:814	After 6 h of incubation, the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities was evaluated by cytological staining as well as chipcytometry.
24378954	4	66	dep	neonatal	459:466	arg1	h					473:473	<24 h	469:473	<24 h	469:473	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	4	66	dep	neonatal	459:466	arg1	days					490:493	42 days	487:493	42 days	487:493	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	0	67	theme	receptor	78:85	arg1	stimulation					87:97	toll-like receptor stimulation	68:97	toll-like receptor stimulation	68:97	Neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation.
24378954	4	68	theme	neonatal	459:466	arg1	mice					505:508	neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	459:508	neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	459:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	1	69	theme	exuberant	158:166	arg1	reactions					181:189	exuberant inflammatory reactions	158:189	exuberant inflammatory reactions	158:189	BACKGROUND The neonatal surgical patient is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions.
24378954	9	70	theme	anti-chemotactic	1031:1046	arg1	genes					1048:1052	pro- and anti-chemotactic genes	1022:1052	pro- and anti-chemotactic genes	1022:1052	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	0	71	theme	toll-like	68:76	arg1	stimulation					87:97	toll-like receptor stimulation	68:97	toll-like receptor stimulation	68:97	Neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation.
24378954	4	72	theme	C57BL/6J	496:503	arg1	mice					505:508	neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	459:508	neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice	459:508	METHODS Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages.
24378954	1	73	theme	inflammatory	168:179	arg1	reactions					181:189	exuberant inflammatory reactions	158:189	exuberant inflammatory reactions	158:189	BACKGROUND The neonatal surgical patient is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions.
24378954	9	74	theme	genes	1048:1052	arg1	expression					1008:1017	the expression	1004:1017	the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes	1004:1052	RESULTS Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes.
24378954	3	75	theme	toll-like	397:405	arg1	TLRs					418:421	TLRs	418:421	TLRs	418:421	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
24378954	3	75	theme	toll-like	397:405	arg1	receptors					407:415	toll-like receptors	397:415	toll-like receptors (TLRs)	397:422	We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).
27686039	3	0	theme	bacterial	771:779	arg1	adhesion					781:788	bacterial adhesion	771:788	bacterial adhesion	771:788	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	2	1	theme	quaternized	402:412	arg1	chitosan					414:421	quaternized chitosan	402:421	quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC)	402:479	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	7	2	theme	bone	1634:1637	arg1	treatment					1612:1620	the treatment	1608:1620	the treatment of infected bone	1608:1637	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	7	3	theme	clinical	1584:1591	arg1	application					1593:1603	potential clinical application	1574:1603	potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone	1574:1637	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	9	4	theme	good	2161:2164	arg1	activity					2177:2184	good osteogenic activity	2161:2184	good osteogenic activity	2161:2184	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	3	5	theme	in	818:819	arg1	conditions					839:848	in vitro and in vivo conditions	818:848	in vitro and in vivo conditions	818:848	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	6	6	theme	PLGA/HA/HACC	1383:1394	arg1	scaffolds					1396:1404	PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds	1371:1404	PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds	1371:1404	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	1	7	theme	antibacterial	312:324	arg1	properties					326:335	antibacterial properties	312:335	antibacterial properties	312:335	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	6	8	theme	biocompatibility	1280:1295	arg1	assay					1297:1301	an in vivo biocompatibility assay	1269:1301	an in vivo biocompatibility assay	1269:1301	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	6	9	theme	PLGA/HA	1371:1377	arg1	scaffolds					1396:1404	PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds	1371:1404	PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds	1371:1404	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	7	10	theme	composite	1550:1558	arg1	scaffold					1560:1567	porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold	1530:1567	porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold	1530:1567	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	2	11	theme	endowed	632:638	arg1	scaffolds					622:630	bone engineering scaffolds	605:630	bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	605:688	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	6	12	dep	in	1272:1273	arg1	vivo					1275:1278	vivo	1275:1278	vivo	1275:1278	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	10	13	theme	porous	2244:2249	arg1	scaffold					2261:2268	an effective porous composite scaffold	2231:2268	an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection	2231:2484	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	4	14	theme	microbial	959:967	arg1	membranes					969:977	microbial membranes	959:977	microbial membranes	959:977	Additionally, ATP leakage assay indicated that immobilizing HACC on the scaffolds could effectively disrupt microbial membranes.
27686039	2	15	theme	bone	605:608	arg1	scaffolds					622:630	bone engineering scaffolds	605:630	bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	605:688	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	7	16	theme	porous	1530:1535	arg1	scaffold					1560:1567	porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold	1530:1567	porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold	1530:1567	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	10	17	theme	interfaces	2422:2431	arg1	modification					2397:2408	the modification	2393:2408	the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration	2393:2465	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	5	18	theme	osteogenic	1184:1193	arg1	differentiation					1195:1209	osteogenic differentiation	1184:1209	osteogenic differentiation	1184:1209	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	9	19	theme	PLGA/HA	1929:1935	arg1	scaffold					1947:1954	HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold	1916:1954	HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy	1916:2036	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	1	20	dep	bone	264:267	arg1	substitute					269:278	substitute	269:278	substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties	269:335	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	10	21	theme	bone	2449:2452	arg1	regeneration					2454:2465	the bone regeneration	2445:2465	the bone regeneration	2445:2465	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	5	22	dep	incorporated	1069:1080	arg1	HA					1066:1067	HA	1066:1067	HA	1066:1067	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	4	23	from	HACC	911:914	arg1	scaffolds					923:931	the scaffolds	919:931	the scaffolds	919:931	Additionally, ATP leakage assay indicated that immobilizing HACC on the scaffolds could effectively disrupt microbial membranes.
27686039	1	24	theme	Contaminated	157:168	arg1	defects					187:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects	157:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects	157:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	6	25	theme	good	1417:1420	arg1	neovascularization					1422:1439	good neovascularization	1417:1439	good neovascularization	1417:1439	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	1	26	theme	infected	173:180	arg1	defects					187:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects	157:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects	157:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	10	27	theme	infected	2284:2291	arg1	defect					2298:2303	the infected bone defect	2280:2303	the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance	2280:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	0	28	theme	3D-printed	69:78	arg1	scaffold					106:113	a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold	67:113	a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold	67:113	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	1	29	from	challenges	210:219	arg1	orthopaedics					244:255	orthopaedics	244:255	orthopaedics	244:255	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	1	29	from	challenges	210:219	arg1	trauma					233:238	clinical trauma	224:238	clinical trauma	224:238	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	5	30	theme	bone	992:995	arg1	cells					1029:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	986:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	986:1042	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	30	theme	bone	992:995	arg1	hBMSCs					1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	9	31	theme	innovative	1974:1983	arg1	technique					1997:2005	an innovative 3D-printing technique	1971:2005	an innovative 3D-printing technique	1971:2005	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	6	32	dep	scaffolds	1350:1358	arg1	including					1361:1369	including	1361:1369	including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds	1361:1404	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	10	33	theme	decreased	2320:2328	arg1	risks					2330:2334	decreased risks	2320:2334	decreased risks of bacterial resistance	2320:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	0	34	theme	composite	96:104	arg1	scaffold					106:113	a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold	67:113	a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold	67:113	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	1	35	theme	serious	202:208	arg1	challenges					210:219	serious challenges	202:219	serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics	202:255	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	2	36	dep	chitosan	414:421	arg1	chitosan					465:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	2	36	dep	chitosan	414:421	arg1	HACC					475:478	HACC	475:478	HACC	475:478	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	9	37	theme	covalent	2011:2018	arg1	strategy					2029:2036	covalent grafting strategy	2011:2036	covalent grafting strategy	2011:2036	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	4	38	theme	ATP	865:867	arg1	assay					877:881	ATP leakage assay	865:881	ATP leakage assay	865:881	Additionally, ATP leakage assay indicated that immobilizing HACC on the scaffolds could effectively disrupt microbial membranes.
27686039	0	39	theme	quaternized	135:145	arg1	chitosan					147:154	quaternized chitosan	135:154	quaternized chitosan	135:154	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	5	40	theme	HA-free	1223:1229	arg1	PLGA					1231:1234	HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds	1223:1257	PLGA	1231:1234	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	10	41	with	clinic	2308:2313	arg1	risks					2330:2334	decreased risks	2320:2334	decreased risks of bacterial resistance	2320:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	8	42	theme	scaffold	1696:1703	arg1	biomaterials					1705:1716	conductive scaffold biomaterials	1685:1716	conductive scaffold biomaterials	1685:1716	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	2	43	theme	chloride	456:463	arg1	chitosan					465:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	2	43	theme	chloride	456:463	arg1	HACC					475:478	HACC	475:478	HACC	475:478	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	0	44	theme	Anti-infective	0:13	arg1	efficacy					15:22	Anti-infective efficacy	0:22	Anti-infective efficacy	0:22	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	8	45	dep	STATEMENT	1640:1648	arg1	exploited					1728:1736	exploited	1728:1736	have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection	1718:1781	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	2	46	theme	3D-printed	496:505	arg1	scaffolds					507:515	3D-printed scaffolds	496:515	3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA)	496:583	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	1	47	theme	bone	182:185	arg1	defects					187:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects	157:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects	157:193	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	9	48	theme	antibacterial	2068:2080	arg1	activities					2082:2091	significantly enhanced antibacterial activities	2045:2091	significantly enhanced antibacterial activities	2045:2091	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	3	49	dep	in	818:819	arg1	vitro					821:825	vitro	821:825	vitro	821:825	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	5	50	theme	cell	1138:1141	arg1	attachment					1143:1152	cell attachment	1138:1152	cell attachment	1138:1152	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	10	51	theme	resistance	2349:2358	arg1	risks					2330:2334	decreased risks	2320:2334	decreased risks of bacterial resistance	2320:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	9	52	theme	antibiotic-resistant	2117:2136	arg1	strains					2138:2144	the antibiotic-resistant strains	2113:2144	the antibiotic-resistant strains	2113:2144	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	3	53	theme	composite	741:749	arg1	scaffolds					751:759	PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds	731:759	PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds	731:759	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	2	54	theme	hydroxypropyltrimethyl	424:445	arg1	chitosan					465:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	2	54	theme	hydroxypropyltrimethyl	424:445	arg1	HACC					475:478	HACC	475:478	HACC	475:478	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	10	55	theme	feasible	2371:2378	arg1	strategy					2380:2387	a feasible strategy	2369:2387	a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration	2369:2465	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	8	56	theme	potential	1784:1792	arg1	toxicity					1801:1808	potential tissue toxicity	1784:1808	potential tissue toxicity under high concentration	1784:1833	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	56	theme	potential	1784:1792	arg1	STATEMENT					1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	3	57	theme	biofilm	794:800	arg1	formation					802:810	biofilm formation	794:810	biofilm formation	794:810	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	8	58	theme	main	1871:1874	arg1	deficiencies					1876:1887	their main deficiencies	1865:1887	their main deficiencies	1865:1887	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	58	theme	main	1871:1874	arg1	antibiotic-resistance					1839:1859	antibiotic-resistance	1839:1859	antibiotic-resistance	1839:1859	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	58	theme	main	1871:1874	arg1	STATEMENT					1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	3	59	dep	in	831:832	arg1	vivo					834:837	vivo	834:837	vivo	834:837	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	7	60	theme	infected	1625:1632	arg1	bone					1634:1637	infected bone	1625:1637	infected bone	1625:1637	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	2	61	theme	osteoconductive	663:677	arg1	properties					679:688	antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	645:688	antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	645:688	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	2	62	with	endowed	632:638	arg1	properties					679:688	antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	645:688	antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	645:688	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	6	63	theme	in	1272:1273	arg1	assay					1297:1301	an in vivo biocompatibility assay	1269:1301	an in vivo biocompatibility assay	1269:1301	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	2	64	theme	antibacterial	645:657	arg1	properties					679:688	antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	645:688	antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	645:688	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	9	65	theme	osteogenic	2166:2175	arg1	activity					2177:2184	good osteogenic activity	2161:2184	good osteogenic activity	2161:2184	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	8	66	theme	high	1816:1819	arg1	concentration					1821:1833	high concentration	1816:1833	high concentration	1816:1833	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	2	67	dep	design	598:603	arg1	to					595:596	to	595:596	to	595:596	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	7	68	theme	potential	1574:1582	arg1	application					1593:1603	potential clinical application	1574:1603	potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone	1574:1637	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	1	69	theme	clinical	224:231	arg1	trauma					233:238	clinical trauma	224:238	clinical trauma	224:238	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	10	70	theme	effective	2234:2242	arg1	scaffold					2261:2268	an effective porous composite scaffold	2231:2268	an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection	2231:2484	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	5	71	theme	mesenchymal	1012:1022	arg1	cells					1029:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	986:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	986:1042	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	71	theme	mesenchymal	1012:1022	arg1	hBMSCs					1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	10	72	theme	scaffold	2413:2420	arg1	interfaces					2422:2431	scaffold interfaces	2413:2431	scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration	2413:2465	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	3	73	theme	in	831:832	arg1	conditions					839:848	in vitro and in vivo conditions	818:848	in vitro and in vivo conditions	818:848	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	9	74	theme	HACC-grafted	1916:1927	arg1	scaffold					1947:1954	HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold	1916:1954	HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy	1916:2036	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	6	75	theme	incorporated	1337:1348	arg1	scaffolds					1350:1358	HA incorporated scaffolds	1334:1358	HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds)	1334:1405	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	6	76	theme	tissue	1445:1450	arg1	integration					1452:1462	tissue integration	1445:1462	tissue integration	1445:1462	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	5	77	theme	stem	1024:1027	arg1	cells					1029:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	986:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	986:1042	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	77	theme	stem	1024:1027	arg1	hBMSCs					1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	9	78	theme	composite	1937:1945	arg1	scaffold					1947:1954	HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold	1916:1954	HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy	1916:2036	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	10	79	theme	composite	2251:2259	arg1	scaffold					2261:2268	an effective porous composite scaffold	2231:2268	an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection	2231:2484	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	7	80	theme	PLGA/HA/HACC	1537:1548	arg1	scaffold					1560:1567	porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold	1530:1567	porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold	1530:1567	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	2	81	theme	engineering	610:620	arg1	scaffolds					622:630	bone engineering scaffolds	605:630	bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties	605:688	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	10	82	theme	bone	2293:2296	arg1	defect					2298:2303	the infected bone defect	2280:2303	the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance	2280:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	0	83	theme	osteoconductive	80:94	arg1	scaffold					106:113	a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold	67:113	a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold	67:113	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	5	84	theme	human	986:990	arg1	cells					1029:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	986:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	986:1042	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	84	theme	human	986:990	arg1	hBMSCs					1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	8	85	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1653:1664	arg1	deficiencies					1876:1887	their main deficiencies	1865:1887	their main deficiencies	1865:1887	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	85	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1653:1664	arg1	antibiotic-resistance					1839:1859	antibiotic-resistance	1839:1859	antibiotic-resistance	1839:1859	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	85	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1653:1664	arg1	toxicity					1801:1808	potential tissue toxicity	1784:1808	potential tissue toxicity under high concentration	1784:1833	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	85	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1653:1664	arg1	STATEMENT					1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	0	86	theme	scaffold	106:113	arg1	biocompatibility					47:62	biocompatibility	47:62	biocompatibility	47:62	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	0	86	theme	scaffold	106:113	arg1	cytocompatibility					25:41	cytocompatibility	25:41	cytocompatibility	25:41	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	0	86	theme	scaffold	106:113	arg1	efficacy					15:22	Anti-infective efficacy	0:22	Anti-infective efficacy	0:22	Anti-infective efficacy, cytocompatibility and biocompatibility of a 3D-printed osteoconductive composite scaffold functionalized with quaternized chitosan.
27686039	5	87	theme	PLGA/HACC	1239:1247	arg1	scaffolds					1249:1257	HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds	1223:1257	scaffolds	1249:1257	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	88	theme	marrow-derived	997:1010	arg1	cells					1029:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	986:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	986:1042	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	88	theme	marrow-derived	997:1010	arg1	hBMSCs					1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	9	89	theme	3D-printing	1985:1995	arg1	technique					1997:2005	an innovative 3D-printing technique	1971:2005	an innovative 3D-printing technique	1971:2005	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	6	90	dep	incorporated	1337:1348	arg1	HA					1334:1335	HA	1334:1335	HA	1334:1335	Finally, an in vivo biocompatibility assay conducted on rats, showed that HA incorporated scaffolds (including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC scaffolds) exhibited good neovascularization and tissue integration.
27686039	7	91	from	application	1593:1603	arg1	treatment					1612:1620	the treatment	1608:1620	the treatment of infected bone	1608:1637	Taken together, our findings support the approach for developing porous PLGA/HA/HACC composite scaffold with potential clinical application in the treatment of infected bone.
27686039	8	92	theme	conductive	1685:1694	arg1	biomaterials					1705:1716	conductive scaffold biomaterials	1685:1716	conductive scaffold biomaterials	1685:1716	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	5	93	theme	incorporated	1069:1080	arg1	PLGA/HA					1103:1109	PLGA/HA	1103:1109	PLGA/HA	1103:1109	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	93	theme	incorporated	1069:1080	arg1	PLGA/HA/HACC					1115:1126	PLGA/HA/HACC	1115:1126	PLGA/HA/HACC	1115:1126	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	93	theme	incorporated	1069:1080	arg1	scaffolds					1082:1090	HA incorporated scaffolds	1066:1090	HA incorporated scaffolds	1066:1090	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	9	94	theme	grafting	2020:2027	arg1	strategy					2029:2036	covalent grafting strategy	2011:2036	covalent grafting strategy	2011:2036	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	8	95	theme	biomaterials	1705:1716	arg1	plenty					1675:1680	plenty	1675:1680	plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials	1675:1716	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	2	96	theme	ammonium	447:454	arg1	chitosan					465:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	424:472	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	2	96	theme	ammonium	447:454	arg1	HACC					475:478	HACC	475:478	HACC	475:478	In this study, quaternized chitosan (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan, HACC) was grafted to 3D-printed scaffolds composed of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA), in order to design bone engineering scaffolds endowed with antibacterial and osteoconductive properties.
27686039	5	97	link	marrow-derived	997:1010	arg1	cells					1029:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	986:1033	human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs)	986:1042	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	5	97	link	marrow-derived	997:1010	arg1	hBMSCs					1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	hBMSCs	1036:1041	Using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), we demonstrated that HA incorporated scaffolds, including PLGA/HA and PLGA/HA/HACC, favoured cell attachment, proliferation, spreading and osteogenic differentiation compared to HA-free PLGA or PLGA/HACC scaffolds.
27686039	9	98	theme	enhanced	2059:2066	arg1	activities					2082:2091	significantly enhanced antibacterial activities	2045:2091	significantly enhanced antibacterial activities	2045:2091	This study indicated that HACC-grafted PLGA/HA composite scaffold prepared using an innovative 3D-printing technique and covalent grafting strategy showed significantly enhanced antibacterial activities, especially against the antibiotic-resistant strains, together with good osteogenic activity and biocompatibility.
27686039	10	99	from	defect	2298:2303	arg1	clinic					2308:2313	clinic	2308:2313	clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance	2308:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	8	100	theme	bone	1749:1752	arg1	regeneration					1754:1765	bone regeneration	1749:1765	bone regeneration	1749:1765	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	4	101	theme	immobilizing	898:909	arg1	HACC					911:914	immobilizing HACC	898:914	immobilizing HACC on the scaffolds	898:931	Additionally, ATP leakage assay indicated that immobilizing HACC on the scaffolds could effectively disrupt microbial membranes.
27686039	1	102	theme	treatment	367:375	arg1	strategy					377:384	treatment strategy	367:384	treatment strategy	367:384	Contaminated or infected bone defects remain serious challenges in clinical trauma and orthopaedics, and a bone substitute with both osteoconductivity and antibacterial properties represents an improvement for treatment strategy.
27686039	10	103	theme	bacterial	2339:2347	arg1	resistance					2349:2358	bacterial resistance	2339:2358	bacterial resistance	2339:2358	Therefore, it provides an effective porous composite scaffold to combat the infected bone defect in clinic with decreased risks of bacterial resistance and open a feasible strategy for the modification of scaffold interfaces involved in the bone regeneration and anti-infection.
27686039	3	104	theme	PLGA/HACC	731:739	arg1	scaffolds					751:759	PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds	731:759	PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds	731:759	We found that both the PLGA/HA/HACC and PLGA/HACC composite scaffolds decreased bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
27686039	4	105	theme	leakage	869:875	arg1	assay					877:881	ATP leakage assay	865:881	ATP leakage assay	865:881	Additionally, ATP leakage assay indicated that immobilizing HACC on the scaffolds could effectively disrupt microbial membranes.
27686039	8	106	theme	tissue	1794:1799	arg1	toxicity					1801:1808	potential tissue toxicity	1784:1808	potential tissue toxicity under high concentration	1784:1833	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
27686039	8	106	theme	tissue	1794:1799	arg1	STATEMENT					1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT	1640:1648	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Although plenty of conductive scaffold biomaterials have been exploited to improve bone regeneration under infection, potential tissue toxicity under high concentration and antibiotic-resistance are their main deficiencies.
26478364	1	0	theme	reaction	328:335	arg1	system					337:342	a polymer-monomer pair reaction system	305:342	a polymer-monomer pair reaction system	305:342	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	7	1	dep	profiles	1102:1109	arg1	vitro					1088:1092	The vitro release profiles	1084:1109	The vitro release profiles	1084:1109	The vitro release profiles revealed that the drug release could be controlled by adjusting pH of the release media.
26478364	1	2	theme	complex	172:178	arg1	kind					148:151	A new kind	142:151	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS)	142:284	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	0	3	theme	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic	74:109	arg1	poly					69:72	poly	69:72	poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)	69:115	Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles of chitosan and poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) for doxorubicin release.
26478364	0	3	theme	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic	74:109	arg1	acid					111:114	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid	74:114	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid	74:114	Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles of chitosan and poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) for doxorubicin release.
26478364	6	4	used	used	978:981	arg2	nanoparticles					959:971	The nanoparticles	955:971	The nanoparticles	955:971	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	6	4	used	used	978:981	arg2	vehicles					991:998	drug vehicles	986:998	drug vehicles	986:998	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	5	5	theme	spherical	840:848	arg1	morphologies					850:861	spherical morphologies	840:861	spherical morphologies	840:861	It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles.
26478364	1	6	theme	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic	235:270	arg1	poly					230:233	anionic poly	222:233	anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS)	222:284	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	1	6	theme	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic	235:270	arg1	acid					272:275	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid	235:275	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid	235:275	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	6	7	theme	high	1037:1040	arg1	rate					1055:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	3	8	theme	CS-PAMPS	632:639	arg1	formation					594:602	a formation	592:602	a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	592:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	8	9	theme	free	1287:1290	arg1	process					1278:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	4	10	theme	weight	698:703	arg1	ratio					705:709	the weight ratio	694:709	the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated	694:788	A series of nanoparticles were obtained by changing the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated.
26478364	7	11	theme	drug	1129:1132	arg1	release					1134:1140	the drug release	1125:1140	the drug release	1125:1140	The vitro release profiles revealed that the drug release could be controlled by adjusting pH of the release media.
26478364	8	12	theme	apparent	1231:1238	arg1	process					1278:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	8	12	theme	apparent	1231:1238	arg1	biocompatibility					1358:1373	biocompatibility	1358:1373	biocompatibility	1358:1373	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	8	12	theme	apparent	1231:1238	arg1	controllable					1318:1329	size controllable	1313:1329	size controllable	1313:1329	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	8	12	theme	apparent	1231:1238	arg1	advantages					1240:1249	apparent advantages	1231:1249	apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility	1231:1373	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	8	12	theme	apparent	1231:1238	arg1	biodegradability					1337:1352	good biodegradability	1332:1352	good biodegradability	1332:1352	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	4	13	theme	CS	714:715	arg1	ratio					705:709	the weight ratio	694:709	the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated	694:788	A series of nanoparticles were obtained by changing the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated.
26478364	0	14	theme	doxorubicin	121:131	arg1	release					133:139	doxorubicin release	121:139	doxorubicin release	121:139	Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles of chitosan and poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) for doxorubicin release.
26478364	8	15	theme	organic	1295:1301	arg1	solvents					1303:1310	organic solvents	1295:1310	organic solvents	1295:1310	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	3	16	theme	NH3	534:536	arg1	groups					541:546	NH3(+) groups	534:546	NH3(+) groups	534:546	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	6	17	theme	relative	1028:1035	arg1	rate					1055:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	7	18	theme	media	1193:1197	arg1	pH					1175:1176	pH	1175:1176	pH of the release media	1175:1197	The vitro release profiles revealed that the drug release could be controlled by adjusting pH of the release media.
26478364	8	19	theme	size	1313:1316	arg1	controllable					1318:1329	size controllable	1313:1329	size controllable	1313:1329	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	8	20	used	used	1406:1409	arg2	they					1380:1383	they	1380:1383	they	1380:1383	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	8	21	theme	release	1430:1436	arg1	field					1438:1442	drug controlled release field	1414:1442	drug controlled release field	1414:1442	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	3	22	theme	CS	551:552	arg1	groups					565:570	CS and SO3(-) groups	551:570	CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	551:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	3	22	theme	CS	551:552	arg1	AMPS					575:578	AMPS	575:578	AMPS	575:578	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	2	23	theme	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic	369:404	arg1	acid					406:409	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)	369:410	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution	369:440	Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS.
26478364	2	23	theme	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic	369:404	arg1	AMPS					413:416	AMPS	413:416	AMPS	413:416	Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS.
26478364	0	24	theme	complex	31:37	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex	0:37	Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles of chitosan and poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) for doxorubicin release.
26478364	1	25	theme	cationic	195:202	arg1	chitosan					204:211	cationic chitosan	195:211	cationic chitosan (CS)	195:216	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	1	25	theme	cationic	195:202	arg1	CS					214:215	CS	214:215	CS	214:215	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	2	26	theme	aqueous	425:431	arg1	solution					433:440	an aqueous solution	422:440	an aqueous solution	422:440	Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS.
26478364	8	27	theme	solvents	1303:1310	arg1	free					1287:1290	free	1287:1290	free	1287:1290	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	3	28	theme	groups	541:546	arg1	interaction					519:529	electrostatic interaction	505:529	electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	505:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	6	29	theme	drug	986:989	arg1	vehicles					991:998	drug vehicles	986:998	drug vehicles	986:998	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	6	29	theme	drug	986:989	arg1	nanoparticles					959:971	The nanoparticles	955:971	The nanoparticles	955:971	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	2	30	theme	AMPS	473:476	arg1	polymerization					455:468	polymerization	455:468	polymerization of AMPS	455:476	Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS.
26478364	5	31	theme	nanoparticles	940:952	arg1	compositions					920:931	compositions	920:931	compositions of the nanoparticles	920:952	It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles.
26478364	7	32	theme	release	1185:1191	arg1	media					1193:1197	the release media	1181:1197	the release media	1181:1197	The vitro release profiles revealed that the drug release could be controlled by adjusting pH of the release media.
26478364	8	33	theme	preparation	1266:1276	arg1	process					1278:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	0	34	theme	polyelectrolyte	15:29	arg1	complex					31:37	polyelectrolyte complex	15:37	polyelectrolyte complex	15:37	Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles of chitosan and poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) for doxorubicin release.
26478364	7	35	theme	release	1094:1100	arg1	profiles					1102:1109	release profiles	1094:1109	The vitro release profiles	1084:1109	The vitro release profiles revealed that the drug release could be controlled by adjusting pH of the release media.
26478364	8	36	theme	good	1332:1335	arg1	biodegradability					1337:1352	good biodegradability	1332:1352	good biodegradability	1332:1352	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	2	37	from	acid	406:409	arg1	solution					433:440	an aqueous solution	422:440	an aqueous solution	422:440	Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS.
26478364	3	38	dep	AMPS	575:578	arg1	leading					581:587	leading	581:587	leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	581:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	8	39	theme	controlled	1419:1428	arg1	field					1438:1442	drug controlled release field	1414:1442	drug controlled release field	1414:1442	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	6	40	theme	drug	1042:1045	arg1	rate					1055:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	8	41	theme	simple	1259:1264	arg1	process					1278:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	simple preparation process	1259:1284	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	3	42	theme	complex	607:613	arg1	nanoparticles					615:627	complex nanoparticles	607:627	complex nanoparticles	607:627	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	3	43	theme	SO3	558:560	arg1	groups					565:570	CS and SO3(-) groups	551:570	CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	551:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	3	43	theme	SO3	558:560	arg1	AMPS					575:578	AMPS	575:578	AMPS	575:578	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	6	44	theme	encapsulation	1064:1076	arg1	rate					1078:1081	encapsulation rate	1064:1081	encapsulation rate	1064:1081	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	5	45	from	nm	895:896	arg1	diameters					876:884	average diameters	868:884	average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm	868:906	It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles.
26478364	1	46	theme	polymer-monomer	307:321	arg1	system					337:342	a polymer-monomer pair reaction system	305:342	a polymer-monomer pair reaction system	305:342	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	8	47	theme	drug	1414:1417	arg1	field					1438:1442	drug controlled release field	1414:1442	drug controlled release field	1414:1442	The nanoparticles demonstrated apparent advantages such as simple preparation process, free of organic solvents, size controllable, good biodegradability and biocompatibility, and they could be potentially used in drug controlled release field.
26478364	3	48	theme	nanoparticles	615:627	arg1	formation					594:602	a formation	592:602	a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	592:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	1	49	theme	new	144:146	arg1	kind					148:151	A new kind	142:151	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS)	142:284	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	2	50	dep	mixed	358:362	arg1	followed					443:450	followed	443:450	followed by polymerization of AMPS	443:476	Chitosan was mixed with 2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (AMPS) in an aqueous solution, followed by polymerization of AMPS.
26478364	3	51	theme	AMPS	575:578	arg1	groups					565:570	CS and SO3(-) groups	551:570	CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	551:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	3	51	theme	AMPS	575:578	arg1	AMPS					575:578	AMPS	575:578	AMPS	575:578	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	4	52	theme	nanoparticles	654:666	arg1	series					644:649	A series	642:649	A series of nanoparticles	642:666	A series of nanoparticles were obtained by changing the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated.
26478364	5	53	theme	average	868:874	arg1	diameters					876:884	average diameters	868:884	average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm	868:906	It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles.
26478364	4	54	dep	structure	730:738	arg1	investigated					777:788	investigated	777:788	were investigated	772:788	A series of nanoparticles were obtained by changing the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated.
26478364	4	54	dep	structure	730:738	arg1	the					726:728	the	726:728	the	726:728	A series of nanoparticles were obtained by changing the weight ratio of CS to AMPS, the structure and properties of nanoparticles were investigated.
26478364	5	55	contain	possessed	830:838	arg1	nanoparticles					816:828	the nanoparticles	812:828	the nanoparticles	812:828	It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles.
26478364	5	55	contain	possessed	830:838	arg2	morphologies					850:861	spherical morphologies	840:861	spherical morphologies	840:861	It was observed that the nanoparticles possessed spherical morphologies with average diameters from 255 nm to 390 nm varied with compositions of the nanoparticles.
26478364	3	56	theme	electrostatic	505:517	arg1	interaction					519:529	electrostatic interaction	505:529	electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	505:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	1	57	theme	anionic	222:228	arg1	poly					230:233	anionic poly	222:233	anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS)	222:284	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	1	57	theme	anionic	222:228	arg1	acid					272:275	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid	235:275	2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid	235:275	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	1	57	theme	anionic	222:228	arg1	PAMPS					279:283	PAMPS	279:283	PAMPS	279:283	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	6	58	theme	loading	1047:1053	arg1	rate					1055:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	relative high drug loading rate	1028:1058	The nanoparticles were used as drug vehicles for doxorubicin, displaying relative high drug loading rate and encapsulation rate.
26478364	1	59	theme	pair	323:326	arg1	system					337:342	a polymer-monomer pair reaction system	305:342	a polymer-monomer pair reaction system	305:342	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	3	60	theme	groups	565:570	arg1	interaction					519:529	electrostatic interaction	505:529	electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS	505:639	The complex was formed by electrostatic interaction of NH3(+) groups of CS and SO3(-) groups of AMPS, leading to a formation of complex nanoparticles of CS-PAMPS.
26478364	1	61	theme	polyelectrolyte	156:170	arg1	PEC					181:183	PEC	181:183	PEC	181:183	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
26478364	1	61	theme	polyelectrolyte	156:170	arg1	complex					172:178	polyelectrolyte complex	156:178	polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS)	156:284	A new kind of polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) based on cationic chitosan (CS) and anionic poly(2-acry1amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) was prepared using a polymer-monomer pair reaction system.
24959743	4	0	theme	10	772:773	arg1	mM					775:776	mM	775:776	mM	775:776	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	3	1	theme	hooded	605:610	arg1	seals					612:616	hooded seals	605:616	hooded seals	605:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	10	2	theme	long	1607:1610	arg1	dives					1612:1616	long dives	1607:1616	long dives	1607:1616	This can be considered as an adaptation to long dives, during which lactate accumulates in the blood.
24959743	6	3	theme	seal	1039:1042	arg1	neurons					1044:1050	seal neurons	1039:1050	seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia	1039:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	8	4	from	protein	1351:1357	arg1	cerebrum					1371:1378	the seal cerebrum	1362:1378	the seal cerebrum	1362:1378	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	3	5	theme	integrity	485:493	arg1	maintenance					448:458	maintenance	448:458	maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity	448:493	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	6	6	from	mice	1102:1105	arg1	neurons					1089:1095	neurons	1089:1095	neurons from mice	1089:1105	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	9	7	theme	seal	1446:1449	arg1	neurons					1451:1457	seal neurons	1446:1457	seal neurons	1446:1457	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	6	8	from	lack	913:916	arg1	aCSF					966:969	the aCSF	962:969	the aCSF containing no glucose	962:991	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	3	9	theme	activity	472:479	arg1	maintenance					448:458	maintenance	448:458	maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity	448:493	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	1	10	theme	mammals	147:153	arg1	brains					130:135	The brains	126:135	The brains of diving mammals	126:153	The brains of diving mammals are repeatedly exposed to hypoxic conditions during diving.
24959743	9	11	theme	20	1472:1473	arg1	mM					1475:1476	mM	1475:1476	mM	1475:1476	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	7	12	theme	intrinsic	1228:1236	arg1	stores					1245:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	We propose that seal neurons have higher intrinsic energy stores.
24959743	0	13	theme	seal	92:95	arg1	brain					119:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	0	14	from	activity	54:61	arg1	brain					119:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	0	15	theme	Cystophora	98:107	arg1	brain					119:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	3	16	theme	neuronal	534:541	arg1	activity					543:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity	509:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	509:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	6	17	contain	had	993:995	arg1	lack					913:916	The lack	909:916	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose	909:991	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	6	17	contain	had	993:995	arg2	effect					1004:1009	little effect	997:1009	little effect	997:1009	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	7	18	theme	seal	1203:1206	arg1	neurons					1208:1214	seal neurons	1203:1214	seal neurons	1203:1214	We propose that seal neurons have higher intrinsic energy stores.
24959743	9	19	theme	neuronal	1501:1508	arg1	activity					1510:1517	neuronal activity	1501:1517	neuronal activity	1501:1517	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	4	20	theme	mM	793:794	arg1	lactate					796:802	20 mM lactate	790:802	20 mM lactate	790:802	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	8	21	theme	glycogen	1295:1302	arg1	stores					1304:1309	about three times higher glycogen stores	1270:1309	about three times higher glycogen stores	1270:1309	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	3	22	theme	slices	561:566	arg1	activity					543:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity	509:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	509:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	9	23	theme	few	1534:1536	arg1	minutes					1538:1544	few minutes	1534:1544	few minutes even in normoxia	1534:1561	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	8	24	theme	seal	1318:1321	arg1	brain					1323:1327	the seal brain	1314:1327	the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum)	1314:1379	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	6	25	from	neurons	1044:1050	arg1	hypoxia					1074:1080	hypoxia	1074:1080	hypoxia	1074:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	6	25	from	neurons	1044:1050	arg1	normoxia					1062:1069	normoxia	1062:1069	normoxia	1062:1069	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	4	26	theme	carbohydrate	820:831	arg1	supply					833:838	no external carbohydrate supply	808:838	no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia)	808:850	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	26	theme	carbohydrate	820:831	arg1	aglycemia					841:849	aglycemia	841:849	aglycemia	841:849	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	2	27	theme	seal	243:246	arg1	neurons					221:227	Brain neurons	215:227	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)	215:268	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) have been shown to be more hypoxia tolerant than those of mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear.
24959743	7	28	contain	have	1216:1219	arg1	neurons					1208:1214	seal neurons	1203:1214	seal neurons	1203:1214	We propose that seal neurons have higher intrinsic energy stores.
24959743	7	28	contain	have	1216:1219	arg2	stores					1245:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	We propose that seal neurons have higher intrinsic energy stores.
24959743	5	29	theme	Normoxic	853:860	arg1	conditions					884:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions	853:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions	853:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions were applied.
24959743	6	30	theme	application	936:946	arg1	lack					913:916	The lack	909:916	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose	909:991	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	8	31	theme	μg	1342:1343	arg1	protein					1351:1357	μg total protein	1342:1357	μg total protein in the seal cerebrum	1342:1378	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	8	32	dep	stores	1304:1309	arg1	times					1282:1286	times	1282:1286	times	1282:1286	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	3	33	theme	neuronal	463:470	arg1	activity					472:479	neuronal activity	463:479	neuronal activity	463:479	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	4	34	theme	cerebrospinal	726:738	arg1	aCSF					747:750	aCSF	747:750	aCSF	747:750	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	34	theme	cerebrospinal	726:738	arg1	fluid					740:744	artificial cerebrospinal fluid	715:744	the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF)	711:751	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	3	35	theme	layer	573:577	arg1	V					579:579	layer V	573:579	layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	573:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	3	36	theme	different	413:421	arg1	substrates					433:442	different metabolic substrates	413:442	different metabolic substrates	413:442	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	1	37	theme	hypoxic	181:187	arg1	conditions					189:198	hypoxic conditions	181:198	hypoxic conditions	181:198	The brains of diving mammals are repeatedly exposed to hypoxic conditions during diving.
24959743	5	38	theme	hypoxic	863:869	arg1	conditions					884:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions	853:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions	853:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions were applied.
24959743	3	39	theme	visual	588:593	arg1	cortex					595:600	the visual cortex	584:600	the visual cortex of hooded seals	584:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	5	40	theme	ischemic	875:882	arg1	conditions					884:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions	853:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions	853:893	Normoxic, hypoxic and ischemic conditions were applied.
24959743	8	41	dep	times	1282:1286	arg1	higher					1288:1293	higher	1288:1293	higher	1288:1293	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	6	42	theme	few	1132:1134	arg1	minutes					1136:1142	only few minutes	1127:1142	only few minutes	1127:1142	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	3	43	theme	substrates	433:442	arg1	roles					404:408	the roles	400:408	the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity	400:493	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	6	44	theme	lactate	951:957	arg1	glucose					921:927	glucose	921:927	glucose	921:927	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	6	44	theme	lactate	951:957	arg1	application					936:946	the application	932:946	the application of lactate	932:957	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	3	45	theme	seals	612:616	arg1	cortex					595:600	the visual cortex	584:600	the visual cortex of hooded seals	584:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	8	46	dep	brain	1323:1327	arg1	ng					1335:1336	∼4.1 ng	1330:1336	∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum	1330:1378	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	4	47	theme	mM	775:776	arg1	glucose					778:784	10 mM glucose	772:784	10 mM glucose	772:784	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	3	48	from	V	579:579	arg1	activity					543:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity	509:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	509:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	3	48	from	V	579:579	arg1	slices					561:566	brain slices	555:566	brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	555:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	2	49	theme	hooded	236:241	arg1	seal					243:246	the hooded seal	232:246	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)	232:268	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) have been shown to be more hypoxia tolerant than those of mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear.
24959743	2	49	theme	hooded	236:241	arg1	cristata					260:267	cristata	260:267	cristata	260:267	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) have been shown to be more hypoxia tolerant than those of mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear.
24959743	3	50	dep	in	513:514	arg1	vitro					516:520	vitro	516:520	vitro	516:520	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	6	51	theme	neuronal	1018:1025	arg1	activity					1027:1034	the neuronal activity	1014:1034	the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia	1014:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	1	52	theme	diving	140:145	arg1	mammals					147:153	diving mammals	140:153	diving mammals	140:153	The brains of diving mammals are repeatedly exposed to hypoxic conditions during diving.
24959743	6	53	theme	aCSF	1181:1184	arg1	composition					1162:1172	the composition	1158:1172	the composition of the aCSF	1158:1184	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	9	54	theme	mM	1475:1476	arg1	lactate					1478:1484	20 mM lactate	1472:1484	20 mM lactate	1472:1484	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	6	55	contain	containing	971:980	arg2	glucose					985:991	no glucose	982:991	no glucose	982:991	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	6	55	contain	containing	971:980	arg1	aCSF					966:969	the aCSF	962:969	the aCSF containing no glucose	962:991	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	6	56	theme	little	997:1002	arg1	effect					1004:1009	little effect	997:1009	little effect	997:1009	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	0	57	theme	cristata	109:116	arg1	brain					119:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	3	58	theme	spontaneous	522:532	arg1	activity					543:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity	509:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	509:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	7	59	theme	higher	1221:1226	arg1	stores					1245:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	We propose that seal neurons have higher intrinsic energy stores.
24959743	3	60	theme	in	513:514	arg1	activity					543:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity	509:550	the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	509:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	6	61	from	hypoxia	1074:1080	arg1	activity					1027:1034	the neuronal activity	1014:1034	the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia	1014:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	3	62	theme	brain	555:559	arg1	slices					561:566	brain slices	555:566	brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	555:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	4	63	contain	containing	754:763	arg2	glucose					778:784	10 mM glucose	772:784	10 mM glucose	772:784	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	63	contain	containing	754:763	arg1	composition					696:706	the composition	692:706	the composition	692:706	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	63	contain	containing	754:763	arg2	lactate					796:802	20 mM lactate	790:802	20 mM lactate	790:802	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	64	theme	20	790:791	arg1	mM					793:794	mM	793:794	mM	793:794	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	0	65	theme	neuronal	45:52	arg1	activity					54:61	neuronal activity	45:61	neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	45:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	2	66	theme	Brain	215:219	arg1	neurons					221:227	Brain neurons	215:227	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)	215:268	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) have been shown to be more hypoxia tolerant than those of mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear.
24959743	6	67	theme	neurons	1044:1050	arg1	activity					1027:1034	the neuronal activity	1014:1034	the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia	1014:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	0	68	from	role	4:7	arg1	activity					54:61	neuronal activity	45:61	neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	45:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	6	69	from	normoxia	1062:1069	arg1	activity					1027:1034	the neuronal activity	1014:1034	the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia	1014:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	8	70	theme	three	1276:1280	arg1	times					1282:1286	times	1282:1286	times	1282:1286	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	7	71	theme	energy	1238:1243	arg1	stores					1245:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	higher intrinsic energy stores	1221:1250	We propose that seal neurons have higher intrinsic energy stores.
24959743	4	72	theme	external	811:818	arg1	supply					833:838	no external carbohydrate supply	808:838	no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia)	808:850	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	72	theme	external	811:818	arg1	aglycemia					841:849	aglycemia	841:849	aglycemia	841:849	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	3	73	from	activity	543:550	arg1	V					579:579	layer V	573:579	layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	573:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	0	74	theme	hooded	85:90	arg1	brain					119:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain	81:123	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	6	75	from	activity	1027:1034	arg1	hypoxia					1074:1080	hypoxia	1074:1080	hypoxia	1074:1080	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	6	75	from	activity	1027:1034	arg1	normoxia					1062:1069	normoxia	1062:1069	normoxia	1062:1069	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	8	76	theme	total	1345:1349	arg1	protein					1351:1357	μg total protein	1342:1357	μg total protein in the seal cerebrum	1342:1378	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	9	77	contain	containing	1423:1432	arg2	glucose					1437:1443	no glucose	1434:1443	no glucose	1434:1443	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	9	77	contain	containing	1423:1432	arg1	aCSF					1418:1421	aCSF	1418:1421	aCSF containing no glucose	1418:1443	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	0	78	theme	glycogen	12:19	arg1	role					4:7	The role	0:7	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.	0:124	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	6	79	theme	glucose	921:927	arg1	lack					913:916	The lack	909:916	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose	909:991	The lack of glucose or the application of lactate in the aCSF containing no glucose had little effect on the neuronal activity of seal neurons in either normoxia or hypoxia, while neurons from mice survived in hypoxia only few minutes regardless of the composition of the aCSF.
24959743	8	80	theme	seal	1366:1369	arg1	cerebrum					1371:1378	the seal cerebrum	1362:1378	the seal cerebrum	1362:1378	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
24959743	2	81	theme	underlying	342:351	arg1	clear					372:376	clear	372:376	clear	372:376	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) have been shown to be more hypoxia tolerant than those of mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear.
24959743	2	81	theme	underlying	342:351	arg1	mechanisms					353:362	the underlying mechanisms	338:362	the underlying mechanisms	338:362	Brain neurons of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) have been shown to be more hypoxia tolerant than those of mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear.
24959743	0	82	theme	glucose	22:28	arg1	role					4:7	The role	0:7	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.	0:124	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	4	83	theme	artificial	715:724	arg1	aCSF					747:750	aCSF	747:750	aCSF	747:750	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	83	theme	artificial	715:724	arg1	fluid					740:744	artificial cerebrospinal fluid	715:744	the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF)	711:751	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	0	84	theme	lactate	34:40	arg1	role					4:7	The role	0:7	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.	0:124	The role of glycogen, glucose and lactate in neuronal activity during hypoxia in the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) brain.
24959743	3	85	dep	mice	632:635	arg1	musculus					642:649	Mus musculus	638:649	Mus musculus	638:649	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	3	86	theme	cortex	595:600	arg1	V					579:579	layer V	573:579	layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals	573:616	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	4	87	theme	fluid	740:744	arg1	supply					833:838	no external carbohydrate supply	808:838	no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia)	808:850	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	87	theme	fluid	740:744	arg1	composition					696:706	the composition	692:706	the composition	692:706	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	4	87	theme	fluid	740:744	arg1	aglycemia					841:849	aglycemia	841:849	aglycemia	841:849	Studies were conducted by manipulating the composition of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF), containing either 10 mM glucose, or 20 mM lactate, or no external carbohydrate supply (aglycemia).
24959743	3	88	theme	metabolic	423:431	arg1	substrates					433:442	different metabolic substrates	413:442	different metabolic substrates	413:442	Here we investigated the roles of different metabolic substrates for maintenance of neuronal activity and integrity, by comparing the in vitro spontaneous neuronal activity of brain slices from layer V of the visual cortex of hooded seals with those in mice (Mus musculus).
24959743	9	89	from	minutes	1538:1544	arg1	normoxia					1554:1561	normoxia	1554:1561	normoxia	1554:1561	Notably, in aCSF containing no glucose, seal neurons can tolerate 20 mM lactate while in mouse neuronal activity vanished after few minutes even in normoxia.
24959743	8	90	theme	mouse	1393:1397	arg1	brain					1399:1403	the mouse brain	1389:1403	the mouse brain	1389:1403	Indeed, we found about three times higher glycogen stores in the seal brain (∼4.1 ng per μg total protein in the seal cerebrum) than in the mouse brain.
28634774	0	0	theme	Wild	80:83	arg1	Type					85:88	Wild Type	80:88	Wild Type	80:88	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	5	1	theme	long	1100:1103	arg1	increases					1128:1136	long as the negative charge increases	1100:1136	long as the negative charge increases	1100:1136	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	5	1	theme	long	1100:1103	arg1	proteins					1068:1075	both proteins	1063:1075	both proteins	1063:1075	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	0	2	theme	Similar	183:189	arg1	Charges					175:181	Charges	175:181	Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs	175:220	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	5	3	theme	pathogenicity	1297:1309	arg1	part					1285:1288	part	1285:1288	part of the pathogenicity	1285:1309	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	5	3	theme	pathogenicity	1297:1309	arg1	retention					1234:1242	the retention	1230:1242	the retention of specific proteins in the ECM	1230:1274	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	1	4	from	formation	421:429	arg1	diseases					454:461	amyloid diseases	446:461	amyloid diseases	446:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	4	5	theme	hydrogel	1017:1024	arg1	scaffolds					1026:1034	the hydrogel scaffolds	1013:1034	the hydrogel scaffolds	1013:1034	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	4	6	theme	A-I	961:963	arg1	binding					929:935	the binding	925:935	the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds	925:1034	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	2	7	theme	pathological	587:598	arg1	events					600:605	physiological and pathological events	569:605	physiological and pathological events	569:605	The composition of these molecules is highly diverse and a key issue seems to be the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events.
28634774	2	8	theme	physiological	569:581	arg1	events					600:605	physiological and pathological events	569:605	physiological and pathological events	569:605	The composition of these molecules is highly diverse and a key issue seems to be the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events.
28634774	1	9	theme	extracellular	253:265	arg1	ECM					275:277	ECM	275:277	ECM	275:277	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	1	9	theme	extracellular	253:265	arg1	matrix					267:272	the extracellular matrix	249:272	the extracellular matrix (ECM)	249:278	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	0	10	theme	Type	85:88	arg1	Binding					69:75	Differential Binding	56:75	Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs	56:220	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	1	11	theme	deposits	434:441	arg1	formation					421:429	the formation	417:429	the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases	417:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	1	12	theme	matrix	267:272	arg1	components					235:244	other components	229:244	other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	229:278	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	0	13	theme	Human	108:112	arg1	A-I					129:131	Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I	94:131	Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I	94:131	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	3	14	from	prevalent	855:863	arg1	GAGs					868:871	GAGs	868:871	GAGs	868:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	6	15	theme	deep	1393:1396	arg1	insight					1398:1404	deep insight	1393:1404	deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules	1393:1455	These results show the importance of the use of these polymers as a model to get deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules.
28634774	0	16	theme	Amyloidogenic	94:106	arg1	A-I					129:131	Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I	94:131	Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I	94:131	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	4	17	theme	natural	971:977	arg1	mutant					979:984	a natural mutant	969:984	a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis	969:1008	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	1	18	theme	amyloid	446:452	arg1	diseases					454:461	amyloid diseases	446:461	amyloid diseases	446:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	6	19	theme	polymers	1366:1373	arg1	use					1353:1355	the use	1349:1355	the use of these polymers as a model to get deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules	1349:1455	These results show the importance of the use of these polymers as a model to get deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules.
28634774	4	20	theme	apolipoprotein	946:959	arg1	A-I					961:963	human apolipoprotein A-I	940:963	human apolipoprotein A-I	940:963	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	4	21	theme	fluorescence	901:912	arg1	techniques					914:923	fluorescence techniques	901:923	fluorescence techniques	901:923	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	0	22	theme	Natural	209:215	arg1	GAGs					217:220	Natural GAGs	209:220	Natural GAGs	209:220	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	5	23	from	retention	1234:1242	arg1	ECM					1272:1274	the ECM	1268:1274	the ECM	1268:1274	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	6	24	theme	proteins	1426:1433	arg1	studies					1415:1421	the studies	1411:1421	the studies of proteins within macromolecules	1411:1455	These results show the importance of the use of these polymers as a model to get deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules.
28634774	0	25	theme	A-I	129:131	arg1	Binding					69:75	Differential Binding	56:75	Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs	56:220	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	5	26	theme	specific	1247:1254	arg1	proteins					1256:1263	specific proteins	1247:1263	specific proteins	1247:1263	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	0	27	theme	Synthetic	14:22	arg1	Models					24:29	Synthetic Models	14:29	Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix	14:53	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	0	28	theme	Apolipoprotein	114:127	arg1	A-I					129:131	Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I	94:131	Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I	94:131	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	5	29	theme	proteins	1256:1263	arg1	part					1285:1288	part	1285:1288	part of the pathogenicity	1285:1309	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	5	29	theme	proteins	1256:1263	arg1	retention					1234:1242	the retention	1230:1242	the retention of specific proteins in the ECM	1230:1274	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	0	30	theme	Extracellular	34:46	arg1	Matrix					48:53	Extracellular Matrix	34:53	Extracellular Matrix	34:53	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	2	31	theme	key	523:525	arg1	issue					527:531	a key issue	521:531	a key issue	521:531	The composition of these molecules is highly diverse and a key issue seems to be the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events.
28634774	2	31	theme	key	523:525	arg1	equilibrium					549:559	the equilibrium	545:559	the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events	545:605	The composition of these molecules is highly diverse and a key issue seems to be the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events.
28634774	4	32	theme	mutant	979:984	arg1	binding					929:935	the binding	925:935	the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds	925:1034	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	3	33	theme	negative	809:816	arg1	charges					818:824	negative charges	809:824	negative charges	809:824	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	1	34	dep	retention	362:370	arg1	the					358:360	the	358:360	the	358:360	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	3	35	link	crosslinked	728:738	arg1	hydrogels					776:784	the so-called hydrogels	762:784	the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs	762:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	35	link	crosslinked	728:738	arg1	polymers					752:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	5	36	theme	negative	1112:1119	arg1	charge					1121:1126	the negative charge	1108:1126	the negative charge	1108:1126	Our results indicate that both proteins are highly retained as long as the negative charge increases, and in addition it was shown that the mutant is more retained than the Wt, indicating that the retention of specific proteins in the ECM could be part of the pathogenicity.
28634774	4	37	theme	human	940:944	arg1	A-I					961:963	human apolipoprotein A-I	940:963	human apolipoprotein A-I	940:963	We checked and compared by fluorescence techniques the binding of human apolipoprotein A-I and a natural mutant involved in amyloidosis to the hydrogel scaffolds.
28634774	0	38	theme	Matrix	48:53	arg1	Models					24:29	Synthetic Models	14:29	Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix	14:53	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	3	39	theme	crosslinked	728:738	arg1	hydrogels					776:784	the so-called hydrogels	762:784	the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs	762:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	39	theme	crosslinked	728:738	arg1	polymers					752:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	1	40	theme	different	389:397	arg1	proteins					399:406	different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases	389:461	different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases	389:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	3	41	theme	hydroxyl	830:837	arg1	groups					839:844	hydroxyl groups	830:844	hydroxyl groups	830:844	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	42	theme	hydrophilic	740:750	arg1	hydrogels					776:784	the so-called hydrogels	762:784	the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs	762:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	42	theme	hydrophilic	740:750	arg1	polymers					752:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	1	43	theme	proteins	399:406	arg1	misfolding					375:384	misfolding	375:384	misfolding	375:384	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	1	43	theme	proteins	399:406	arg1	retention					362:370	retention	362:370	retention	362:370	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	3	44	from	GAGs	868:871	arg1	prevalent					855:863	prevalent	855:863	prevalent	855:863	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	1	45	dep	proteins	399:406	arg1	inducing					408:415	inducing	408:415	inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases	408:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	3	46	theme	groups	839:844	arg1	amounts					798:804	the amounts	794:804	the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs	794:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	46	theme	groups	839:844	arg1	charges					818:824	negative charges	809:824	negative charges	809:824	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	46	theme	groups	839:844	arg1	groups					839:844	hydroxyl groups	830:844	hydroxyl groups	830:844	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	1	47	from	diseases	454:461	arg1	formation					421:429	the formation	417:429	the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases	417:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	3	48	theme	charges	818:824	arg1	amounts					798:804	the amounts	794:804	the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs	794:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	48	theme	charges	818:824	arg1	charges					818:824	negative charges	809:824	negative charges	809:824	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	48	theme	charges	818:824	arg1	groups					839:844	hydroxyl groups	830:844	hydroxyl groups	830:844	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	6	49	theme	use	1353:1355	arg1	importance					1335:1344	the importance	1331:1344	the importance of the use of these polymers as a model to get deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules	1331:1455	These results show the importance of the use of these polymers as a model to get deep insight into the studies of proteins within macromolecules.
28634774	2	50	theme	molecules	489:497	arg1	composition					468:478	The composition	464:478	The composition of these molecules	464:497	The composition of these molecules is highly diverse and a key issue seems to be the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events.
28634774	2	50	theme	molecules	489:497	arg1	diverse					509:515	diverse	509:515	diverse	509:515	The composition of these molecules is highly diverse and a key issue seems to be the equilibrium between physiological and pathological events.
28634774	1	51	gly	glycoproteins	281:293	arg1	glycoproteins					281:293	glycoproteins	281:293	glycoproteins	281:293	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	1	52	from	deposits	434:441	arg1	diseases					454:461	amyloid diseases	446:461	amyloid diseases	446:461	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	1	53	theme	other	229:233	arg1	components					235:244	other components	229:244	other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	229:278	Among other components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been strongly associated to the retention or misfolding of different proteins inducing the formation of deposits in amyloid diseases.
28634774	0	54	theme	Differential	56:67	arg1	Binding					69:75	Differential Binding	56:75	Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs	56:220	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	3	55	theme	matrix	665:670	arg1	composition					646:656	the composition	642:656	the composition of the matrix	642:670	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	0	56	dep	Learning	0:7	arg1	Binding					69:75	Differential Binding	56:75	Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs	56:220	Learning from Synthetic Models of Extracellular Matrix; Differential Binding of Wild Type and Amyloidogenic Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Hydrogels Formed from Molecules Having Charges Similar to Those Found in Natural GAGs.
28634774	3	57	theme	so-called	766:774	arg1	hydrogels					776:784	the so-called hydrogels	762:784	the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs	762:871	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
28634774	3	57	theme	so-called	766:774	arg1	polymers					752:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	crosslinked hydrophilic polymers	728:759	In order to have a model in which the composition of the matrix could be finely controlled, we designed and synthesized crosslinked hydrophilic polymers, the so-called hydrogels varying the amounts of negative charges and hydroxyl groups that are prevalent in GAGs.
26837497	13	0	theme	glucose	2420:2426	arg1	level					2428:2432	blood glucose level	2414:2432	blood glucose level	2414:2432	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	9	1	theme	C	1440:1440	arg1	protein					1423:1429	glycosylated serum protein	1404:1429	glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS)	1404:1500	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	9	1	theme	C	1440:1440	arg1	glucose					1392:1398	Fasting blood glucose	1378:1398	Fasting blood glucose	1378:1398	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	7	2	theme	scavenging	1148:1157	arg1	%					1296:1296	74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%	1258:1296	74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%	1258:1296	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	7	2	theme	scavenging	1148:1157	arg1	effects					1159:1165	The in vitro scavenging effects	1135:1165	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1135:1251	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	3	3	theme	malondialdehyde	563:577	arg1	level					579:583	malondialdehyde level	563:583	malondialdehyde level	563:583	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	11	4	theme	group	1919:1923	arg1	C					1925:1925	group C	1919:1925	group C	1919:1925	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	1	5	theme	agricultural	292:303	arg1	coproducts					305:314	agricultural coproducts	292:314	agricultural coproducts	292:314	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	12	6	theme	liver	1992:1996	arg1	tissues					2019:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues	1992:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1992:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	11	7	from	content	1889:1895	arg1	tissue					1909:1914	pancreas tissue	1900:1914	pancreas tissue of group C	1900:1925	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	12	8	theme	C	2036:2036	arg1	tissues					2019:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues	1992:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1992:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	7	9	theme	in	1139:1140	arg1	%					1296:1296	74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%	1258:1296	74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%	1258:1296	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	7	9	theme	in	1139:1140	arg1	effects					1159:1165	The in vitro scavenging effects	1135:1165	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1135:1251	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	1	10	theme	intracellular	188:200	arg1	ISPS					237:240	ISPS	237:240	ISPS	237:240	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	10	theme	intracellular	188:200	arg1	polysaccharides					220:234	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides	188:234	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis	188:265	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	11	used	used	155:158	arg2	substrate					167:175	the substrate	163:175	the substrate	163:175	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	11	used	used	155:158	arg2	stillage					142:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage	126:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage	126:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	12	12	theme	heart	2121:2125	arg1	tissue					2127:2132	heart tissue	2121:2132	heart tissue	2121:2132	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	13	13	theme	Serum	2167:2171	arg1	capacity					2191:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity	2167:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity	2167:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	3	14	theme	total	590:594	arg1	capacity					608:615	total antioxidant capacity	590:615	total antioxidant capacity	590:615	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	5	15	theme	validation	887:896	arg1	yield					958:962	the predicted maximum yield	936:962	the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g	936:979	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	5	15	theme	validation	887:896	arg1	experiments					898:908	the validation experiments	883:908	the validation experiments	883:908	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	12	16	theme	kidney	2012:2017	arg1	tissues					2019:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues	1992:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1992:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	12	17	theme	total	2091:2095	arg1	capacity					2109:2116	total antioxidant capacity	2091:2116	total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue	2091:2132	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	5	18	theme	mg/g	855:858	arg1	ISPS					860:863	197.35 mg/g ISPS	848:863	197.35 mg/g ISPS	848:863	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	11	19	theme	group	1810:1814	arg1	C					1816:1816	group C	1810:1816	group C	1810:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	4	20	theme	optimized	683:691	arg1	conditions					693:702	The optimized conditions	679:702	The optimized conditions	679:702	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	3	21	theme	streptozotocin-induced	620:641	arg1	rats					652:655	streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	620:655	streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	620:655	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	4	22	theme	33.78	752:756	arg1	µg/L					758:761	33.78 µg/L	752:761	33.78 µg/L	752:761	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	22	theme	33.78	752:756	arg1	RESULTS					671:677	RESULTS	671:677	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.	671:827	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	7	23	dep	in	1139:1140	arg1	vitro					1142:1146	vitro	1142:1146	vitro	1142:1146	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	11	24	theme	malonaldehyde	1748:1760	arg1	contents					1762:1769	malonaldehyde contents	1748:1769	malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C	1748:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	13	25	theme	ISPS	2358:2361	arg1	production					2363:2372	ISPS production	2358:2372	ISPS production	2358:2372	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	13	26	theme	antioxidant	2179:2189	arg1	capacity					2191:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity	2167:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity	2167:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	9	27	dep	B	1547:1547	arg1	rats					1550:1553	rats	1550:1553	rats with diabetes	1550:1567	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	1	28	from	sinensis	258:265	arg1	ISPS					237:240	ISPS	237:240	ISPS	237:240	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	28	from	sinensis	258:265	arg1	polysaccharides					220:234	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides	188:234	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis	188:265	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	11	29	theme	pancreas	1900:1907	arg1	tissue					1909:1914	pancreas tissue	1900:1914	pancreas tissue of group C	1900:1925	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	12	30	from	capacities	1978:1987	arg1	tissues					2019:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues	1992:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1992:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	12	31	theme	pancreas	1999:2006	arg1	tissues					2019:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues	1992:2025	liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1992:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	9	32	dep	C	1440:1440	arg1	rats					1443:1446	rats	1443:1446	rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS	1443:1499	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	4	33	theme	sodium	721:726	arg1	concentration					737:749	sodium selenite concentration	721:749	sodium selenite concentration	721:749	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	33	theme	sodium	721:726	arg1	RESULTS					671:677	RESULTS	671:677	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.	671:827	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	3	34	theme	rats	652:655	arg1	activities					485:494	the antioxidant activities	469:494	the antioxidant activities in vitro	469:503	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	3	34	theme	rats	652:655	arg1	concentration					548:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	3	34	theme	rats	652:655	arg1	level					579:583	malondialdehyde level	563:583	malondialdehyde level	563:583	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	3	34	theme	rats	652:655	arg1	capacity					608:615	total antioxidant capacity	590:615	total antioxidant capacity	590:615	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	9	35	theme	group	1541:1545	arg1	B					1547:1547	group B	1541:1547	group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01)	1541:1577	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	9	35	theme	group	1541:1545	arg1	P<0.01					1571:1576	P<0.01	1571:1576	P<0.01	1571:1576	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	0	36	from	Production	0:9	arg1	thin					67:70	thin	67:70	thin	67:70	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	13	37	theme	promising	2317:2325	arg1	RSM					2308:2310	RSM	2308:2310	RSM	2308:2310	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	13	37	theme	promising	2317:2325	arg1	method					2327:2332	a promising method	2315:2332	a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production	2315:2372	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	2	38	theme	METHODS	317:323	arg1	parameters					338:347	METHODS Fermentation parameters	317:347	METHODS Fermentation parameters	317:347	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	5	39	theme	mg/g	976:979	arg1	yield					958:962	the predicted maximum yield	936:962	the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g	936:979	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	5	39	theme	mg/g	976:979	arg1	experiments					898:908	the validation experiments	883:908	the validation experiments	883:908	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	0	40	from	thin	67:70	arg1	Production					0:9	Production	0:9	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin	0:70	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	0	40	from	thin	67:70	arg1	polysaccharides					46:60	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides	14:60	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin	14:70	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	11	41	theme	group	1857:1861	arg1	B					1863:1863	group B	1857:1863	group B	1857:1863	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	4	42	theme	incubation	796:805	arg1	26.69°C					820:826	26.69°C	820:826	26.69°C	820:826	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	42	theme	incubation	796:805	arg1	temperature					807:817	incubation temperature	796:817	incubation temperature	796:817	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	42	theme	incubation	796:805	arg1	RESULTS					671:677	RESULTS	671:677	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.	671:827	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	10	43	theme	Serum	1631:1635	arg1	content					1651:1657	Serum malonaldehyde content	1631:1657	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C	1631:1668	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C was significantly lower than that of group B at 4 weeks (P<0.01).
26837497	7	44	theme	1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl	1214:1242	arg1	radicals					1244:1251	hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1188:1251	radicals	1244:1251	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	12	45	theme	antioxidant	2097:2107	arg1	capacity					2109:2116	total antioxidant capacity	2091:2116	total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue	2091:2132	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	11	46	theme	C	1816:1816	arg1	tissues					1799:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues	1774:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C	1774:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	5	47	theme	maximum	831:837	arg1	yield					839:843	A maximum yield	829:843	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS	829:863	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	1	48	theme	coproducts	305:314	arg1	value					283:287	the value	279:287	the value of agricultural coproducts	279:314	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	11	49	theme	C	1925:1925	arg1	tissue					1909:1914	pancreas tissue	1900:1914	pancreas tissue of group C	1900:1925	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	5	50	theme	maximum	950:956	arg1	yield					958:962	the predicted maximum yield	936:962	the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g	936:979	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	5	50	theme	maximum	950:956	arg1	experiments					898:908	the validation experiments	883:908	the validation experiments	883:908	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	11	51	theme	malonaldehyde	1875:1887	arg1	content					1889:1895	malonaldehyde content	1875:1895	malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C	1875:1925	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	10	52	dep	lower	1688:1692	arg1	P<0.01					1727:1732	P<0.01	1727:1732	P<0.01	1727:1732	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C was significantly lower than that of group B at 4 weeks (P<0.01).
26837497	10	53	theme	group	1662:1666	arg1	C					1668:1668	group C	1662:1668	group C	1662:1668	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C was significantly lower than that of group B at 4 weeks (P<0.01).
26837497	0	54	theme	intracellular	14:26	arg1	polysaccharides					46:60	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides	14:60	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin	14:70	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	1	55	theme	BACKGROUND	126:135	arg1	substrate					167:175	the substrate	163:175	the substrate	163:175	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	55	theme	BACKGROUND	126:135	arg1	stillage					142:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage	126:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage	126:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	6	56	theme	similar	1065:1071	arg1	structure					1073:1081	similar structure	1065:1081	similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides	1065:1132	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
26837497	0	57	theme	polysaccharides	46:60	arg1	Production					0:9	Production	0:9	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin	0:70	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	9	58	theme	Fasting	1378:1384	arg1	glucose					1392:1398	Fasting blood glucose	1378:1398	Fasting blood glucose	1378:1398	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	13	59	theme	antioxidant	2446:2456	arg1	capacity					2458:2465	antioxidant capacity	2446:2465	antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin	2446:2513	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	13	60	theme	experiments	2281:2291	arg1	result					2265:2270	The result	2261:2270	The result of these experiments	2261:2291	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	3	61	theme	ISPS	461:464	arg1	effects					450:456	the effects	446:456	the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	446:655	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	13	62	dep	that	2233:2236	arg1	indicated					2293:2301	indicated	2293:2301	indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin	2293:2513	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	9	63	with	rats	1443:1446	arg1	diabetes					1453:1460	diabetes	1453:1460	diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS	1453:1499	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	7	64	theme	mg/mL	1174:1178	arg1	ISPS					1180:1183	1.0 mg/mL ISPS	1170:1183	1.0 mg/mL ISPS	1170:1183	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	8	65	dep	0.45±0.01	1344:1352	arg1	absorbance					1355:1364	absorbance	1355:1364	absorbance at 700 nm	1355:1374	The reducing power of ISPS was 0.45±0.01 (absorbance at 700 nm).
26837497	12	66	theme	group	2078:2082	arg1	B					2084:2084	group B	2078:2084	group B	2078:2084	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	2	67	theme	surface	379:385	arg1	methodology					387:397	response surface methodology	370:397	response surface methodology (RSM)	370:403	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	2	67	theme	surface	379:385	arg1	RSM					400:402	RSM	400:402	RSM	400:402	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	9	68	theme	glycosylated	1404:1415	arg1	protein					1423:1429	glycosylated serum protein	1404:1429	glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS)	1404:1500	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	10	69	theme	malonaldehyde	1637:1649	arg1	content					1651:1657	Serum malonaldehyde content	1631:1657	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C	1631:1668	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C was significantly lower than that of group B at 4 weeks (P<0.01).
26837497	10	70	theme	group	1707:1711	arg1	B					1713:1713	group B	1707:1713	group B	1707:1713	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C was significantly lower than that of group B at 4 weeks (P<0.01).
26837497	13	71	theme	blood	2414:2418	arg1	level					2428:2432	blood glucose level	2414:2432	blood glucose level	2414:2432	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	11	72	theme	kidney	1792:1797	arg1	tissues					1799:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues	1774:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C	1774:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	9	73	theme	group	1434:1438	arg1	C					1440:1440	group C	1434:1440	group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS)	1434:1500	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	11	74	from	contents	1762:1769	arg1	tissues					1799:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues	1774:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C	1774:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	6	75	theme	polysaccharides	1118:1132	arg1	polysaccharide					1086:1099	polysaccharide	1086:1099	polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides	1086:1132	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
26837497	2	76	theme	Fermentation	325:336	arg1	parameters					338:347	METHODS Fermentation parameters	317:347	METHODS Fermentation parameters	317:347	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	11	77	theme	liver	1781:1785	arg1	tissues					1799:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues	1774:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C	1774:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	13	78	theme	C.	2391:2392	arg1	sinensis					2394:2401	C. sinensis	2391:2401	C. sinensis	2391:2401	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	3	79	theme	protein	540:546	arg1	concentration					548:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	13	80	theme	group	2241:2245	arg1	CONCLUSION					2250:2259	group B. CONCLUSION	2241:2259	group B. CONCLUSION	2241:2259	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	12	81	theme	group	2030:2034	arg1	C					2036:2036	group C	2030:2036	group C	2030:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	12	82	theme	Total	1960:1964	arg1	capacities					1978:1987	Total antioxidant capacities	1960:1987	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1960:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	1	83	theme	selenium-enriched	202:218	arg1	ISPS					237:240	ISPS	237:240	ISPS	237:240	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	83	theme	selenium-enriched	202:218	arg1	polysaccharides					220:234	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides	188:234	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis	188:265	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	6	84	theme	FT-IR	982:986	arg1	spectra					988:994	FT-IR spectra	982:994	FT-IR spectra	982:994	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
26837497	13	85	with	rats	2470:2473	arg1	diabetes					2480:2487	diabetes	2480:2487	diabetes induced by streptozotocin	2480:2513	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	12	86	from	capacity	2109:2116	arg1	tissue					2127:2132	heart tissue	2121:2132	heart tissue	2121:2132	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	5	87	theme	197.35	848:853	arg1	ISPS					860:863	197.35 mg/g ISPS	848:863	197.35 mg/g ISPS	848:863	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	12	88	theme	antioxidant	1966:1976	arg1	capacities					1978:1987	Total antioxidant capacities	1960:1987	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C	1960:2036	Total antioxidant capacities in liver, pancreas and kidney tissues of group C were significantly higher than those of group B, but total antioxidant capacity in heart tissue was not significantly different.
26837497	9	89	with	rats	1550:1553	arg1	diabetes					1560:1567	diabetes	1560:1567	diabetes	1560:1567	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	13	90	theme	sinensis	2394:2401	arg1	ISPS					2383:2386	the ISPS	2379:2386	the ISPS of C. sinensis	2379:2401	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	13	91	theme	B.	2247:2248	arg1	CONCLUSION					2250:2259	group B. CONCLUSION	2241:2259	group B. CONCLUSION	2241:2259	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	5	92	theme	ISPS	860:863	arg1	yield					839:843	A maximum yield	829:843	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS	829:863	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	11	93	theme	heart	1774:1778	arg1	tissues					1799:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues	1774:1805	heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C	1774:1816	At 4 weeks, malonaldehyde contents in heart, liver, and kidney tissues of group C were significantly lower than those of group B; however, malonaldehyde content in pancreas tissue of group C was not significantly different.
26837497	3	94	theme	antioxidant	596:606	arg1	capacity					608:615	total antioxidant capacity	590:615	total antioxidant capacity	590:615	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	1	95	theme	Thin	137:140	arg1	substrate					167:175	the substrate	163:175	the substrate	163:175	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	1	95	theme	Thin	137:140	arg1	stillage					142:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage	126:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage	126:149	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	7	96	theme	hydroxyl	1188:1195	arg1	superoxide					1198:1207	hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1188:1251	superoxide	1198:1207	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	13	97	theme	production	2363:2372	arg1	optimization					2342:2353	the optimization	2338:2353	the optimization of ISPS production	2338:2372	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	8	98	theme	ISPS	1335:1338	arg1	power					1326:1330	The reducing power	1313:1330	The reducing power of ISPS	1313:1338	The reducing power of ISPS was 0.45±0.01 (absorbance at 700 nm).
26837497	8	98	theme	ISPS	1335:1338	arg1	0.45±0.01					1344:1352	0.45±0.01	1344:1352	0.45±0.01	1344:1352	The reducing power of ISPS was 0.45±0.01 (absorbance at 700 nm).
26837497	0	99	theme	Cordyceps	84:92	arg1	sinensis					94:101	Cordyceps sinensis	84:101	Cordyceps sinensis	84:101	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	3	100	theme	diabetic	643:650	arg1	rats					652:655	streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	620:655	streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	620:655	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	9	101	theme	drinking	1476:1483	arg1	water					1485:1489	drinking water	1476:1489	drinking water with ISPS	1476:1499	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	1	102	theme	Cordyceps	248:256	arg1	sinensis					258:265	Cordyceps sinensis	248:265	Cordyceps sinensis	248:265	BACKGROUND Thin stillage was used as the substrate to produce intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides (ISPS) from Cordyceps sinensis to increase the value of agricultural coproducts.
26837497	4	103	theme	selenite	728:735	arg1	concentration					737:749	sodium selenite concentration	721:749	sodium selenite concentration	721:749	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	103	theme	selenite	728:735	arg1	RESULTS					671:677	RESULTS	671:677	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.	671:827	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	6	104	dep	modified	1051:1058	arg1	selenylation					1038:1049	selenylation	1038:1049	selenylation	1038:1049	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
26837497	3	105	gly	glycosylated	521:532	arg1	concentration					548:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	2	106	theme	response	370:377	arg1	methodology					387:397	response surface methodology	370:397	response surface methodology (RSM)	370:403	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	2	106	theme	response	370:377	arg1	RSM					400:402	RSM	400:402	RSM	400:402	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	6	107	theme	intracellular	1104:1116	arg1	polysaccharides					1118:1132	intracellular polysaccharides	1104:1132	intracellular polysaccharides	1104:1132	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
26837497	13	108	theme	rats	2470:2473	arg1	capacity					2458:2465	antioxidant capacity	2446:2465	antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin	2446:2513	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	5	109	theme	predicted	940:948	arg1	yield					958:962	the predicted maximum yield	936:962	the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g	936:979	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	5	109	theme	predicted	940:948	arg1	experiments					898:908	the validation experiments	883:908	the validation experiments	883:908	A maximum yield of 197.35 mg/g ISPS was obtained from the validation experiments, which was quite close to the predicted maximum yield of 198.6839 mg/g.
26837497	4	110	theme	incubation	764:773	arg1	time					775:778	incubation time	764:778	incubation time	764:778	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	110	theme	incubation	764:773	arg1	days					786:789	8.24 days	781:789	8.24 days	781:789	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	110	theme	incubation	764:773	arg1	RESULTS					671:677	RESULTS	671:677	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.	671:827	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	0	111	theme	selenium-enriched	28:44	arg1	polysaccharides					46:60	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides	14:60	intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin	14:70	Production of intracellular selenium-enriched polysaccharides from thin stillage by Cordyceps sinensis and its bioactivities.
26837497	3	112	theme	glycosylated	521:532	arg1	concentration					548:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	7	113	theme	ISPS	1180:1183	arg1	%					1296:1296	74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%	1258:1296	74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%	1258:1296	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	7	113	theme	ISPS	1180:1183	arg1	effects					1159:1165	The in vitro scavenging effects	1135:1165	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1135:1251	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	8	114	theme	reducing	1317:1324	arg1	power					1326:1330	The reducing power	1313:1330	The reducing power of ISPS	1313:1338	The reducing power of ISPS was 0.45±0.01 (absorbance at 700 nm).
26837497	8	114	theme	reducing	1317:1324	arg1	0.45±0.01					1344:1352	0.45±0.01	1344:1352	0.45±0.01	1344:1352	The reducing power of ISPS was 0.45±0.01 (absorbance at 700 nm).
26837497	2	115	theme	ISPS	434:437	arg1	production					420:429	the production	416:429	the production of ISPS	416:437	METHODS Fermentation parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to improve the production of ISPS.
26837497	9	116	with	water	1485:1489	arg1	ISPS					1496:1499	ISPS	1496:1499	ISPS	1496:1499	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	9	117	gly	glycosylated	1404:1415	arg1	protein					1423:1429	glycosylated serum protein	1404:1429	glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS)	1404:1500	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	3	118	theme	antioxidant	473:483	arg1	activities					485:494	the antioxidant activities	469:494	the antioxidant activities in vitro	469:503	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	9	119	theme	blood	1386:1390	arg1	glucose					1392:1398	Fasting blood glucose	1378:1398	Fasting blood glucose	1378:1398	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	26.69°C					820:826	26.69°C	820:826	26.69°C	820:826	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	µg/L					758:761	33.78 µg/L	752:761	33.78 µg/L	752:761	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	RESULTS					671:677	RESULTS	671:677	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.	671:827	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	days					786:789	8.24 days	781:789	8.24 days	781:789	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	concentration					737:749	sodium selenite concentration	721:749	sodium selenite concentration	721:749	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	time					775:778	incubation time	764:778	incubation time	764:778	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	were					704:707	were	704:707	were as follows	704:718	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	4	120	dep	RESULTS	671:677	arg1	temperature					807:817	incubation temperature	796:817	incubation temperature	796:817	RESULTS The optimized conditions were as follows: sodium selenite concentration, 33.78 µg/L; incubation time, 8.24 days; and incubation temperature, 26.69°C.
26837497	7	121	from	effects	1159:1165	arg1	radicals					1244:1251	hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1188:1251	radicals	1244:1251	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	7	121	from	effects	1159:1165	arg1	superoxide					1198:1207	hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals	1188:1251	superoxide	1198:1207	The in vitro scavenging effects of 1.0 mg/mL ISPS on hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals were 74.62±4.05, 71.45±3.63, and 79.48±4.75%, respectively.
26837497	3	122	from	effects	450:456	arg1	activities					485:494	the antioxidant activities	469:494	the antioxidant activities in vitro	469:503	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	3	122	from	effects	450:456	arg1	concentration					548:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	10	123	theme	C	1668:1668	arg1	content					1651:1657	Serum malonaldehyde content	1631:1657	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C	1631:1668	Serum malonaldehyde content of group C was significantly lower than that of group B at 4 weeks (P<0.01).
26837497	8	124	from	nm	1373:1374	arg1	absorbance					1355:1364	absorbance	1355:1364	absorbance at 700 nm	1355:1374	The reducing power of ISPS was 0.45±0.01 (absorbance at 700 nm).
26837497	9	125	theme	serum	1417:1421	arg1	protein					1423:1429	glycosylated serum protein	1404:1429	glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS)	1404:1500	Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated serum protein of group C (rats with diabetes that received drinking water with ISPS) were significantly lower than those of group B (rats with diabetes) (P<0.01) after treatment was administered for 2 and 4 weeks.
26837497	13	126	theme	total	2173:2177	arg1	capacity					2191:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity	2167:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity	2167:2198	Serum total antioxidant capacity was also increased compared with that of group B. CONCLUSION The result of these experiments indicated that RSM is a promising method for the optimization of ISPS production, and the ISPS of C. sinensis can reduce blood glucose level and improve antioxidant capacity of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
26837497	3	127	theme	serum	534:538	arg1	concentration					548:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	the glycosylated serum protein concentration	517:560	Then, the effects of ISPS on the antioxidant activities in vitro, as well as the glycosylated serum protein concentration, malondialdehyde level, and total antioxidant capacity of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied.
26837497	6	128	mod	modified	1051:1058	arg1	ISPS					1011:1014	ISPS	1011:1014	ISPS	1011:1014	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
26837497	6	128	mod	modified	1051:1058	arg3	structure					1073:1081	similar structure	1065:1081	similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides	1065:1132	FT-IR spectra indicated that ISPS has been successfully selenylation modified with similar structure to polysaccharide of intracellular polysaccharides.
27902333	0	0	theme	activity	115:122	arg1	enhancement					90:100	reduced antibody-dependent enhancement	63:100	reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity	63:122	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	7	1	theme	Fc	1215:1216	arg1	receptor					1224:1231	Fc gamma receptor	1215:1231	Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells	1215:1254	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	1	2	theme	desirable	163:171	arg1	molecule					185:192	a desirable therapeutic molecule	161:192	a desirable therapeutic molecule	161:192	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	0	3	theme	infection	105:113	arg1	activity					115:122	infection activity	105:122	infection activity	105:122	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	7	4	theme	gamma	1218:1222	arg1	receptor					1224:1231	Fc gamma receptor	1215:1231	Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells	1215:1254	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	1	5	theme	therapeutic	173:183	arg1	molecule					185:192	a desirable therapeutic molecule	161:192	a desirable therapeutic molecule	161:192	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	1	6	contain	has	137:139	arg2	potential					145:153	the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV)	141:267	the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV)	141:267	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	1	6	contain	has	137:139	arg1	E60					133:135	The mAb E60	125:135	The mAb E60	125:135	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	8	7	theme	other	1445:1449	arg1	diseases					1467:1474	other ADE-prone viral diseases	1445:1474	other ADE-prone viral diseases	1445:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	9	8	theme	Fc-mediated	1662:1672	arg1	functions					1674:1682	Fc-mediated functions	1662:1682	Fc-mediated functions	1662:1682	Our study provides so far unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis.
27902333	6	9	theme	DENV	1069:1072	arg1	serotypes					1074:1082	DENV serotypes 2 and 4	1069:1090	DENV serotypes 2 and 4	1069:1090	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	2	10	dep	exhibits	307:314	arg1	rendering					376:384	rendering	376:384	rendering it inefficacious in vivo	376:409	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	2	10	dep	exhibits	307:314	arg1	susceptible					437:447	susceptible	437:447	susceptible	437:447	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	7	11	theme	reduced	1191:1197	arg1	activity					1203:1210	reduced ADE activity	1191:1210	reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells	1191:1254	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	5	12	theme	homogenous	846:855	arg1	profiles					873:880	highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles	839:880	highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles	839:880	The mAb was efficiently expressed and assembled in leaves and exhibited highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles, i.e. GnGnXF3 or GnGn structures, depending on the expression host.
27902333	2	13	theme	mammalian-cell-produced	279:301	arg1	E60					303:305	mammalian-cell-produced E60	279:305	mammalian-cell-produced E60	279:305	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	4	14	theme	∆XFT	691:694	arg1	mutant					718:723	a glycosylation mutant	702:723	a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues	702:764	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	4	14	theme	∆XFT	691:694	arg1	line					696:699	a ∆XFT line	689:699	a ∆XFT line	689:699	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	7	15	theme	ADE	1199:1201	arg1	activity					1203:1210	reduced ADE activity	1191:1210	reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells	1191:1254	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	7	16	theme	plant-produced	1162:1175	arg1	E60					1177:1179	plant-produced E60	1162:1179	plant-produced E60	1162:1179	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	3	17	theme	expression	554:563	arg1	system					565:570	a plant-based expression system	540:570	a plant-based expression system for the production of therapeutically suitable E60	540:621	In this study, we evaluated a plant-based expression system for the production of therapeutically suitable E60.
27902333	9	18	theme	mAb	1549:1551	arg1	N-glycosylation					1553:1567	mAb N-glycosylation	1549:1567	mAb N-glycosylation	1549:1567	Our study provides so far unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis.
27902333	0	19	theme	anti-dengue	15:25	arg1	antibodies					44:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	2	20	theme	infection	350:358	arg1	enhancement					335:345	antibody-dependent enhancement	316:345	antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity	316:373	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	2	20	theme	infection	350:358	arg1	ADE					361:363	ADE	361:363	ADE	361:363	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	0	21	theme	Plant-produced	0:13	arg1	antibodies					44:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	9	22	theme	viral	1688:1692	arg1	pathogenesis					1694:1705	viral pathogenesis	1688:1705	viral pathogenesis	1688:1705	Our study provides so far unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis.
27902333	8	23	theme	viral	1461:1465	arg1	diseases					1467:1474	other ADE-prone viral diseases	1445:1474	other ADE-prone viral diseases	1445:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	9	24	theme	sugar	1624:1628	arg1	moieties					1630:1637	sugar moieties	1624:1637	sugar moieties of antibodies	1624:1651	Our study provides so far unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis.
27902333	0	25	theme	monoclonal	33:42	arg1	antibodies					44:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	5	26	theme	N-glycosylation	857:871	arg1	profiles					873:880	highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles	839:880	highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles	839:880	The mAb was efficiently expressed and assembled in leaves and exhibited highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles, i.e. GnGnXF3 or GnGn structures, depending on the expression host.
27902333	2	27	theme	enhancement	335:345	arg1	activity					366:373	antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity	316:373	antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity	316:373	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	4	28	theme	Nicotiana	661:669	arg1	benthamianaWT					671:683	Nicotiana benthamianaWT	661:683	Nicotiana benthamianaWT	661:683	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	0	29	theme	virus	27:31	arg1	antibodies					44:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies	0:53	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	3	30	theme	plant-based	542:552	arg1	system					565:570	a plant-based expression system	540:570	a plant-based expression system for the production of therapeutically suitable E60	540:621	In this study, we evaluated a plant-based expression system for the production of therapeutically suitable E60.
27902333	2	31	theme	antibody-dependent	316:333	arg1	enhancement					335:345	antibody-dependent enhancement	316:345	antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity	316:373	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	2	31	theme	antibody-dependent	316:333	arg1	ADE					361:363	ADE	361:363	ADE	361:363	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	8	32	theme	therapeutics	1415:1426	arg1	development					1357:1367	the development	1353:1367	the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases	1353:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	7	33	theme	human	1244:1248	arg1	cells					1250:1254	human cells	1244:1254	human cells	1244:1254	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	6	34	theme	in	1029:1030	arg1	potency					1053:1059	in vitro neutralization potency	1029:1059	in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4	1029:1090	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	6	35	theme	mammalian-cell-produced	1112:1134	arg1	counterpart					1136:1146	their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart	1106:1146	their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart	1106:1146	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	2	36	theme	secondary	491:499	arg1	infection					501:509	secondary infection	491:509	secondary infection	491:509	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	7	37	from	activity	1203:1210	arg1	receptor					1224:1231	Fc gamma receptor	1215:1231	Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells	1215:1254	By contrast, plant-produced E60 exhibited reduced ADE activity in Fc gamma receptor expressing human cells.
27902333	8	38	theme	antibodies	1307:1316	arg1	ability					1281:1287	the ability	1277:1287	the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases	1277:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	8	39	theme	antibody-based	1400:1413	arg1	therapeutics					1415:1426	safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics	1372:1426	safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases	1372:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	8	40	theme	plant-produced	1292:1305	arg1	antibodies					1307:1316	plant-produced antibodies	1292:1316	plant-produced antibodies	1292:1316	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	2	41	theme	treated	416:422	arg1	animals					424:430	treated animals	416:430	treated animals	416:430	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	0	42	theme	antibody-dependent	71:88	arg1	enhancement					90:100	reduced antibody-dependent enhancement	63:100	reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity	63:122	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	6	43	theme	neutralization	1038:1051	arg1	potency					1053:1059	in vitro neutralization potency	1029:1059	in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4	1029:1090	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	3	44	theme	suitable	610:617	arg1	E60					619:621	therapeutically suitable E60	594:621	therapeutically suitable E60	594:621	In this study, we evaluated a plant-based expression system for the production of therapeutically suitable E60.
27902333	4	45	theme	N-glycan	748:755	arg1	residues					757:764	plant-specific N-glycan residues	733:764	plant-specific N-glycan residues	733:764	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	0	46	theme	reduced	63:69	arg1	enhancement					90:100	reduced antibody-dependent enhancement	63:100	reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity	63:122	Plant-produced anti-dengue virus monoclonal antibodies exhibit reduced antibody-dependent enhancement of infection activity.
27902333	6	47	theme	antigen-binding	997:1011	arg1	specificity					1013:1023	equivalent antigen-binding specificity	986:1023	equivalent antigen-binding specificity	986:1023	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	9	48	theme	antibodies	1642:1651	arg1	moieties					1630:1637	sugar moieties	1624:1637	sugar moieties of antibodies	1624:1651	Our study provides so far unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis.
27902333	3	49	theme	E60	619:621	arg1	production					580:589	the production	576:589	the production of therapeutically suitable E60	576:621	In this study, we evaluated a plant-based expression system for the production of therapeutically suitable E60.
27902333	4	50	theme	plant-specific	733:746	arg1	residues					757:764	plant-specific N-glycan residues	733:764	plant-specific N-glycan residues	733:764	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	6	51	theme	equivalent	986:995	arg1	specificity					1013:1023	equivalent antigen-binding specificity	986:1023	equivalent antigen-binding specificity	986:1023	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	6	52	dep	in	1029:1030	arg1	vitro					1032:1036	vitro	1032:1036	vitro	1032:1036	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	8	53	theme	efficacious	1388:1398	arg1	therapeutics					1415:1426	safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics	1372:1426	safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases	1372:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	1	54	theme	mAb	129:131	arg1	E60					133:135	The mAb E60	125:135	The mAb E60	125:135	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	8	55	theme	ADE-prone	1451:1459	arg1	diseases					1467:1474	other ADE-prone viral diseases	1445:1474	other ADE-prone viral diseases	1445:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	6	56	dep	serotypes	1074:1082	arg1	4					1090:1090	4	1090:1090	4	1090:1090	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	6	56	dep	serotypes	1074:1082	arg1	2					1084:1084	2	1084:1084	2	1084:1084	Both E60 glycovariants demonstrated equivalent antigen-binding specificity and in vitro neutralization potency against DENV serotypes 2 and 4 compared with their mammalian-cell-produced counterpart.
27902333	5	57	theme	expression	933:942	arg1	host					944:947	the expression host	929:947	the expression host	929:947	The mAb was efficiently expressed and assembled in leaves and exhibited highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles, i.e. GnGnXF3 or GnGn structures, depending on the expression host.
27902333	1	58	theme	dengue	249:254	arg1	virus					256:260	dengue virus	249:260	dengue virus (DENV)	249:267	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	1	58	theme	dengue	249:254	arg1	DENV					263:266	DENV	263:266	DENV	263:266	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	5	59	theme	GnGn	899:902	arg1	structures					904:913	GnGn structures	899:913	GnGn structures	899:913	The mAb was efficiently expressed and assembled in leaves and exhibited highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles, i.e. GnGnXF3 or GnGn structures, depending on the expression host.
27902333	4	60	theme	glycosylation	704:716	arg1	mutant					718:723	a glycosylation mutant	702:723	a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues	702:764	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	4	60	theme	glycosylation	704:716	arg1	line					696:699	a ∆XFT line	689:699	a ∆XFT line	689:699	The mAb was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamianaWT and a ∆XFT line, a glycosylation mutant lacking plant-specific N-glycan residues.
27902333	1	61	theme	virus	256:260	arg1	serotypes					236:244	all four serotypes	227:244	all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV)	227:267	The mAb E60 has the potential to be a desirable therapeutic molecule since it efficiently neutralizes all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV).
27902333	5	62	dep	GnGnXF3	888:894	arg1	i.e.					883:886	i.e.	883:886	i.e.	883:886	The mAb was efficiently expressed and assembled in leaves and exhibited highly homogenous N-glycosylation profiles, i.e. GnGnXF3 or GnGn structures, depending on the expression host.
27902333	2	63	theme	severe	468:473	arg1	diseases					475:482	more severe diseases	463:482	more severe diseases	463:482	However, mammalian-cell-produced E60 exhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) activity, rendering it inefficacious in vivo, and treated animals more susceptible to developing more severe diseases during secondary infection.
27902333	8	64	theme	safe	1372:1375	arg1	therapeutics					1415:1426	safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics	1372:1426	safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases	1372:1474	Our results suggest the ability of plant-produced antibodies to minimize ADE, which may lead to the development of safe and highly efficacious antibody-based therapeutics against DENV and other ADE-prone viral diseases.
27902333	9	65	theme	unknown	1503:1509	arg1	insight					1511:1517	unknown insight	1503:1517	unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis	1503:1705	Our study provides so far unknown insight into the relationship between mAb N-glycosylation and ADE, which contributes to our understanding of how sugar moieties of antibodies modulate Fc-mediated functions and viral pathogenesis.
27488827	0	0	theme	species	84:90	arg1	history					12:18	The natural history	0:18	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria	0:48	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	0	theme	species	84:90	arg1	reclassification					55:70	reclassification	55:70	reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov	55:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	1	theme	Cutibacterium	190:202	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	1	theme	Cutibacterium	190:202	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	7	2	from	patterns	1505:1512	arg1	propionibacteria					1567:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria	1553:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1553:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	0	3	theme	selected	75:82	arg1	species					84:90	selected species	75:90	selected species within the genus Propionibacterium	75:125	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	1	4	theme	cattle	380:385	arg1	rumen					387:391	cattle rumen	380:391	cattle rumen	380:391	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	6	5	theme	genome-based	1260:1271	arg1	analyses					1273:1280	our genome-based analyses	1256:1280	our genome-based analyses	1256:1280	Furthermore, our genome-based analyses support the amounting evidence that the subdivision of Propionibacterium freudenreichii into subspecies is not warranted.
27488827	5	6	theme	gen.	1110:1113	arg1	nov.					1115:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	6	theme	gen.	1110:1113	arg1	Pseudopropionibacterium					1149:1171	Pseudopropionibacterium	1149:1171	Pseudopropionibacterium	1149:1171	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	6	theme	gen.	1110:1113	arg1	nov.					1140:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	7	7	theme	losses	1526:1531	arg1	content					1466:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	7	theme	losses	1526:1531	arg1	composition					1489:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	7	theme	losses	1526:1531	arg1	analyses					1448:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	7	theme	losses	1526:1531	arg1	patterns					1505:1512	patterns	1505:1512	patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1505:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	4	8	theme	gene	848:851	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	8	theme	gene	848:851	arg1	analysis					862:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	7	9	theme	cutaneous	1557:1565	arg1	propionibacteria					1567:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria	1553:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1553:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	1	10	theme	family	287:292	arg1	Propionibacteriaceaeconsists					294:321	the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists	283:321	the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin	283:406	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	5	11	theme	genus	1218:1222	arg1	Propionibacterium					1224:1240	the genus Propionibacterium	1214:1240	the genus Propionibacterium	1214:1240	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	0	12	theme	gen.	204:207	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	12	theme	gen.	204:207	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	4	13	theme	rRNA	843:846	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	13	theme	rRNA	843:846	arg1	analysis					907:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	13	theme	rRNA	843:846	arg1	analysis					862:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	1	14	theme	human	397:401	arg1	skin					403:406	human skin	397:406	human skin	397:406	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	5	15	theme	Acidipropionibacterium	1087:1108	arg1	nov.					1115:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	15	theme	Acidipropionibacterium	1087:1108	arg1	Pseudopropionibacterium					1149:1171	Pseudopropionibacterium	1149:1171	Pseudopropionibacterium	1149:1171	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	15	theme	Acidipropionibacterium	1087:1108	arg1	nov.					1140:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	6	16	dep	evidence	1304:1311	arg1	warranted					1393:1401	warranted	1393:1401	is not warranted	1386:1401	Furthermore, our genome-based analyses support the amounting evidence that the subdivision of Propionibacterium freudenreichii into subspecies is not warranted.
27488827	0	17	theme	genus	103:107	arg1	Propionibacterium					109:125	the genus Propionibacterium	99:125	the genus Propionibacterium	99:125	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	2	18	theme	characteristic	515:528	arg1	phenotypes					530:539	characteristic phenotypes	515:539	characteristic phenotypes	515:539	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
27488827	4	19	theme	sequence	853:860	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	19	theme	sequence	853:860	arg1	analysis					862:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	5	20	theme	Propionibacterium	1224:1240	arg1	description					1199:1209	an amended description	1188:1209	an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium	1188:1240	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	20	theme	Propionibacterium	1224:1240	arg1	nov.					1115:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	20	theme	Propionibacterium	1224:1240	arg1	Pseudopropionibacterium					1149:1171	Pseudopropionibacterium	1149:1171	Pseudopropionibacterium	1149:1171	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	20	theme	Propionibacterium	1224:1240	arg1	nov.					1140:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	20	theme	Propionibacterium	1224:1240	arg1	genera					1079:1084	three novel genera	1067:1084	three novel genera	1067:1084	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	0	21	theme	natural	4:10	arg1	history					12:18	The natural history	0:18	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria	0:48	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	5	22	theme	Cutibacterium	1121:1133	arg1	nov.					1115:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	22	theme	Cutibacterium	1121:1133	arg1	nov.					1140:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	1	23	from	Propionibacterium	262:278	arg1	Propionibacteriaceaeconsists					294:321	the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists	283:321	the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin	283:406	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	5	24	dep	nov.	1140:1143	arg1	nov.					1178:1181	gen. nov.	1173:1181	Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1181	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	3	25	theme	Propionibacteriaceae	746:765	arg1	species					724:730	species	724:730	species of the family Propionibacteriaceae	724:765	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	6	26	theme	freudenreichii	1355:1368	arg1	subdivision					1322:1332	the subdivision	1318:1332	the subdivision of Propionibacterium freudenreichii into subspecies	1318:1384	Furthermore, our genome-based analyses support the amounting evidence that the subdivision of Propionibacterium freudenreichii into subspecies is not warranted.
27488827	4	27	theme	phylogenetic	815:826	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	27	theme	phylogenetic	815:826	arg1	analysis					907:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	27	theme	phylogenetic	815:826	arg1	analysis					862:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	5	28	theme	long-standing	972:984	arg1	issue					986:990	the long-standing issue	968:990	the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum	968:1053	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	2	29	theme	classical	466:474	arg1	species					430:436	these species	424:436	these species	424:436	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
27488827	2	29	theme	classical	466:474	arg1	propionibacteria					489:504	either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria	459:504	propionibacteria	489:504	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
27488827	1	30	theme	species	326:332	arg1	Propionibacteriaceaeconsists					294:321	the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists	283:321	the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin	283:406	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	5	31	theme	gen.	1173:1176	arg1	nov.					1178:1181	gen. nov.	1173:1181	Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1181	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	3	32	theme	family	601:606	arg1	taxonomy					585:592	the taxonomy	581:592	the taxonomy of the family	581:606	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	3	33	dep	compared	657:664	arg1	elucidate					615:623	elucidate	615:623	to elucidate the interspecies relatedness	612:652	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	3	33	dep	compared	657:664	arg1	re-evaluate					569:579	re-evaluate	569:579	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family	566:606	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	6	34	theme	amounting	1294:1302	arg1	evidence					1304:1311	the amounting evidence	1290:1311	the amounting evidence that the subdivision of Propionibacterium freudenreichii into subspecies is not warranted	1290:1401	Furthermore, our genome-based analyses support the amounting evidence that the subdivision of Propionibacterium freudenreichii into subspecies is not warranted.
27488827	3	35	theme	strains	703:709	arg1	sequences					690:698	162 public whole-genome sequences	666:698	162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae	666:765	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	5	36	theme	novel	1073:1077	arg1	genera					1079:1084	three novel genera	1067:1084	three novel genera	1067:1084	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	0	37	theme	propionibacteria	33:48	arg1	history					12:18	The natural history	0:18	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria	0:48	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	37	theme	propionibacteria	33:48	arg1	reclassification					55:70	reclassification	55:70	reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov	55:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	1	38	theme	various	337:343	arg1	habitats					345:352	various habitats	337:352	various habitats	337:352	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	0	39	theme	novel	143:147	arg1	nov					247:249	nov	247:249	nov	247:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	39	theme	novel	143:147	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	39	theme	novel	143:147	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	5	40	theme	gen.	1135:1138	arg1	nov.					1115:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	1087:1118	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	5	40	theme	gen.	1135:1138	arg1	nov.					1140:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	1121:1143	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	7	41	theme	human	1615:1619	arg1	host					1621:1624	the human host	1611:1624	the human host	1611:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	42	theme	DNA	1458:1460	arg1	content					1466:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	42	theme	DNA	1458:1460	arg1	analyses					1448:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	0	43	theme	cutaneous	23:31	arg1	propionibacteria					33:48	cutaneous propionibacteria	23:48	cutaneous propionibacteria	23:48	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	1	44	theme	habitats	345:352	arg1	cheese					372:377	mature cheese	365:377	mature cheese	365:377	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	1	44	theme	habitats	345:352	arg1	rumen					387:391	cattle rumen	380:391	cattle rumen	380:391	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	1	44	theme	habitats	345:352	arg1	skin					403:406	human skin	397:406	human skin	397:406	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	1	44	theme	habitats	345:352	arg1	species					326:332	species	326:332	species	326:332	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	0	45	theme	proposed	134:141	arg1	nov					247:249	nov	247:249	nov	247:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	45	theme	proposed	134:141	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	45	theme	proposed	134:141	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	5	46	theme	Propionibacterium	1025:1041	arg1	propionicum					1043:1053	the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum	995:1053	the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum	995:1053	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	7	47	theme	acquisitions	1537:1548	arg1	content					1466:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	47	theme	acquisitions	1537:1548	arg1	composition					1489:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	47	theme	acquisitions	1537:1548	arg1	analyses					1448:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	47	theme	acquisitions	1537:1548	arg1	patterns					1505:1512	patterns	1505:1512	patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1505:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	2	48	theme	isolation	555:563	arg1	source					545:550	source	545:550	source of isolation	545:563	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
27488827	2	48	theme	isolation	555:563	arg1	phenotypes					530:539	characteristic phenotypes	515:539	characteristic phenotypes	515:539	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
27488827	5	49	theme	amended	1191:1197	arg1	description					1199:1209	an amended description	1188:1209	an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium	1188:1240	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	0	50	theme	Acidipropionibacterium	156:177	arg1	nov					247:249	nov	247:249	nov	247:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	50	theme	Acidipropionibacterium	156:177	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	50	theme	Acidipropionibacterium	156:177	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	5	51	theme	problematic	1013:1023	arg1	propionicum					1043:1053	the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum	995:1053	the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum	995:1053	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	0	52	theme	genera	149:154	arg1	nov					247:249	nov	247:249	nov	247:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	52	theme	genera	149:154	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	52	theme	genera	149:154	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	3	53	theme	interspecies	629:640	arg1	relatedness					642:652	the interspecies relatedness	625:652	the interspecies relatedness	625:652	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	7	54	from	content	1466:1472	arg1	propionibacteria					1567:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria	1553:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1553:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	4	55	theme	substantial	777:787	arg1	discrepancies					789:801	substantial discrepancies	777:801	substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	777:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	1	56	theme	mature	365:370	arg1	cheese					372:377	mature cheese	365:377	mature cheese	365:377	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	3	57	theme	family	739:744	arg1	Propionibacteriaceae					746:765	the family Propionibacteriaceae	735:765	the family Propionibacteriaceae	735:765	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	3	58	theme	public	670:675	arg1	sequences					690:698	162 public whole-genome sequences	666:698	162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae	666:765	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	4	59	dep	signals	828:834	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	59	dep	signals	828:834	arg1	analysis					907:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	59	dep	signals	828:834	arg1	analysis					862:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	gene sequence analysis	848:869	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	60	theme	16S	839:841	arg1	rRNA					843:846	16S rRNA	839:846	16S rRNA	839:846	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	0	61	theme	gen.	179:182	arg1	nov					247:249	nov	247:249	nov	247:249	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	61	theme	gen.	179:182	arg1	nov.					209:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	Cutibacterium gen. nov.	190:212	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	0	61	theme	gen.	179:182	arg1	nov.					184:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov.	130:187	The natural history of cutaneous propionibacteria, and reclassification of selected species within the genus Propionibacterium to the proposed novel genera Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov.
27488827	3	62	theme	whole-genome	677:688	arg1	sequences					690:698	162 public whole-genome sequences	666:698	162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae	666:765	To re-evaluate the taxonomy of the family and to elucidate the interspecies relatedness we compared 162 public whole-genome sequences of strains representing species of the family Propionibacteriaceae.
27488827	7	63	theme	phylogenetic	1435:1446	arg1	content					1466:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	63	theme	phylogenetic	1435:1446	arg1	composition					1489:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	63	theme	phylogenetic	1435:1446	arg1	analyses					1448:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	63	theme	phylogenetic	1435:1446	arg1	patterns					1505:1512	patterns	1505:1512	patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1505:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	64	theme	peptidoglycan	1475:1487	arg1	composition					1489:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	peptidoglycan composition	1475:1499	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	64	theme	peptidoglycan	1475:1487	arg1	analyses					1448:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	5	65	theme	propionicum	1043:1053	arg1	issue					986:990	the long-standing issue	968:990	the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum	968:1053	To accommodate these discrepancies, and to address the long-standing issue of the taxonomically problematic Propionibacterium propionicum, we propose three novel genera, Acidipropionibacterium gen. nov., Cutibacterium gen. nov. and Pseudopropionibacterium gen. nov., and an amended description of the genus Propionibacterium.
27488827	7	66	theme	G+C	1462:1464	arg1	content					1466:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	DNA G+C content	1458:1472	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	7	66	theme	G+C	1462:1464	arg1	analyses					1448:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	phylogenetic analyses	1435:1455	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	4	67	theme	core-genome	895:905	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	67	theme	core-genome	895:905	arg1	analysis					907:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	7	68	from	composition	1489:1499	arg1	propionibacteria					1567:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria	1553:1582	the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host	1553:1624	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	1	69	theme	genus	256:260	arg1	Propionibacterium					262:278	The genus Propionibacterium	252:278	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.	252:407	The genus Propionibacterium in the family Propionibacteriaceaeconsists of species of various habitats, including mature cheese, cattle rumen and human skin.
27488827	7	70	theme	gene	1521:1524	arg1	losses					1526:1531	the gene losses	1517:1531	the gene losses	1517:1531	Our proposals are supported by phylogenetic analyses, DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan composition and patterns of the gene losses and acquisitions in the cutaneous propionibacteria during their adaptation to the human host.
27488827	4	71	theme	high-resolution	879:893	arg1	signals					828:834	the phylogenetic signals	811:834	the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis	811:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	4	71	theme	high-resolution	879:893	arg1	analysis					907:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	our high-resolution core-genome analysis	875:914	We found substantial discrepancies between the phylogenetic signals of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and our high-resolution core-genome analysis.
27488827	2	72	theme	cutaneous	479:487	arg1	species					430:436	these species	424:436	these species	424:436	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
27488827	2	72	theme	cutaneous	479:487	arg1	propionibacteria					489:504	either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria	459:504	propionibacteria	489:504	Traditionally, these species have been grouped as either classical or cutaneous propionibacteria based on characteristic phenotypes and source of isolation.
25851532	7	0	theme	proliferans	1328:1338	arg1	damages					1305:1311	pronounced damages	1294:1311	pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli	1294:1416	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	3	1	theme	identified	529:538	arg1	undecylprodigiosin					561:578	the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	525:578	the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	525:578	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	2	2	dep	60 nm	363:367	arg1	to					360:361	to	360:361	to	360:361	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	5	3	dep	in	859:860	arg1	situ					862:865	situ	862:865	situ	862:865	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	6	4	theme	anionic	1243:1249	arg1	phospholipids					1251:1263	anionic phospholipids	1243:1263	anionic phospholipids	1243:1263	These sites correlate with enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids.
25851532	1	5	theme	extracellular	200:212	arg1	vesicles					214:221	extracellular vesicles	200:221	extracellular vesicles	200:221	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	5	6	theme	derivative	937:946	arg1	absence					895:901	absence	895:901	absence	895:901	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	6	theme	derivative	937:946	arg1	presence					882:889	presence	882:889	presence	882:889	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	7	with	sites	1009:1013	arg1	levels					1129:1134	reduced levels	1121:1134	reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1121:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	7	with	sites	1009:1013	arg1	levels					1029:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	8	theme	reduced	1121:1127	arg1	levels					1129:1134	reduced levels	1121:1134	reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1121:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	3	9	dep	in	673:674	arg1	vivo					676:679	vivo	676:679	vivo	676:679	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	3	10	theme	populations	648:658	arg1	portion					611:617	a portion	609:617	a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring	609:690	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	8	11	theme	signal	1565:1570	arg1	cascades					1585:1592	signal transduction cascades	1565:1592	signal transduction cascades	1565:1592	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	2	12	dep	230 nm	346:351	arg1	to					343:344	to	343:344	to	343:344	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	5	13	theme	disaccharides	1101:1113	arg1	[pentapeptide					1062:1074	[pentapeptide	1062:1074	[pentapeptide	1062:1074	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	3	14	theme	heterogeneous	626:638	arg1	populations					648:658	the heterogeneous vesicle populations	622:658	the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring	622:690	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	8	15	theme	cascades	1585:1592	arg1	components					1551:1560	components	1551:1560	components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin	1551:1615	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	8	15	theme	cascades	1585:1592	arg1	types					1544:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	1	16	theme	Streptomyces	110:121	arg1	lividans					123:130	Streptomyces lividans	110:130	Streptomyces lividans	110:130	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	9	17	theme	pioneering	1631:1640	arg1	findings					1642:1649	our pioneering findings	1627:1649	our pioneering findings	1627:1649	Based on our pioneering findings, we highlight novel clues with environmental implications and application potential.
25851532	8	18	theme	undecylprodigiosin	1598:1615	arg1	components					1551:1560	components	1551:1560	components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin	1551:1615	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	8	18	theme	undecylprodigiosin	1598:1615	arg1	types					1544:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	3	19	theme	in	673:674	arg1	monitoring					681:690	in vivo monitoring	673:690	in vivo monitoring	673:690	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	2	20	from	230 nm	346:351	arg1	range					316:320	range	316:320	range	316:320	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	2	21	contain	contain	415:421	arg1	they					384:387	they	384:387	they	384:387	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	2	21	contain	contain	415:421	arg2	phospholipids					434:446	phospholipids	434:446	phospholipids	434:446	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	2	21	contain	contain	415:421	arg2	lipids					423:428	lipids	423:428	lipids	423:428	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	4	22	theme	substrate	762:770	arg1	hyphae					772:777	substrate hyphae	762:777	substrate hyphae	762:777	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	4	23	theme	droplet-like	827:838	arg1	exudates					840:847	droplet-like exudates	827:847	droplet-like exudates	827:847	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	5	24	theme	peptidoglycan	1168:1180	arg1	levels					1129:1134	reduced levels	1121:1134	reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1121:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	24	theme	peptidoglycan	1168:1180	arg1	levels					1029:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	25	theme	subunits	1053:1060	arg1	levels					1129:1134	reduced levels	1121:1134	reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1121:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	25	theme	subunits	1053:1060	arg1	levels					1029:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	4	26	theme	late	801:804	arg1	growth					817:822	late vegetative growth	801:822	late vegetative growth	801:822	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	0	27	theme	Extracellular	0:12	arg1	vesicles					36:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles	0:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles	0:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles: composition, biogenesis and antimicrobial activity.
25851532	2	28	theme	in	463:464	arg1	imaging					471:477	their in situ imaging	457:477	their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes	457:506	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	1	29	dep	biogenesis	157:166	arg1	the					153:155	the	153:155	the	153:155	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	5	30	theme	enhanced	1020:1027	arg1	levels					1029:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	2	31	from	range	316:320	arg1	diameter					325:332	diameter	325:332	diameter	325:332	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	7	32	theme	coli	1413:1416	arg1	distortion					1387:1396	distortion	1387:1396	distortion	1387:1396	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	7	32	theme	coli	1413:1416	arg1	clumping					1374:1381	clumping	1374:1381	clumping	1374:1381	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	8	33	theme	vesicular	1497:1505	arg1	compounds					1507:1515	the identified vesicular compounds	1482:1515	the identified vesicular compounds	1482:1515	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	2	34	theme	specific	482:489	arg1	dyes					503:506	specific fluorescent dyes	482:506	specific fluorescent dyes	482:506	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	5	35	theme	-linked	1093:1099	arg1	disaccharides					1101:1113	lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides]	1079:1114	lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides]	1079:1114	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	8	36	theme	enzyme	1537:1542	arg1	components					1551:1560	components	1551:1560	components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin	1551:1615	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	8	36	theme	enzyme	1537:1542	arg1	types					1544:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	1	37	theme	differentiated	253:266	arg1	bacterium					282:290	a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium	228:290	a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium	228:290	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	7	38	theme	induced	1366:1372	arg1	clumping					1374:1381	clumping	1374:1381	clumping	1374:1381	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	3	39	theme	secondary	540:548	arg1	undecylprodigiosin					561:578	the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	525:578	the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	525:578	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	5	40	theme	fluorescent	914:924	arg1	derivative					937:946	a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	906:946	a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	906:946	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	7	41	theme	dahliae	1354:1360	arg1	damages					1305:1311	pronounced damages	1294:1311	pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli	1294:1416	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	5	42	dep	presence	882:889	arg1	the					878:880	the	878:880	the	878:880	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	2	43	from	60 nm	363:367	arg1	range					316:320	range	316:320	range	316:320	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	3	44	theme	red	589:591	arg1	fluorescence					593:604	red fluorescence	589:604	red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring	589:690	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	6	45	theme	phospholipids	1251:1263	arg1	levels					1233:1238	enhanced levels	1224:1238	enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids	1224:1274	These sites correlate with enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids.
25851532	3	46	theme	undecylprodigiosin	561:578	arg1	presence					513:520	The presence	509:520	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	509:578	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	1	47	theme	vesicles	214:221	arg1	biogenesis					157:166	biogenesis	157:166	biogenesis	157:166	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	1	47	theme	vesicles	214:221	arg1	activities					186:195	antimicrobial activities	172:195	antimicrobial activities	172:195	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	5	48	theme	green	908:912	arg1	derivative					937:946	a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	906:946	a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	906:946	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	3	49	theme	portion	611:617	arg1	fluorescence					593:604	red fluorescence	589:604	red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring	589:690	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	5	50	theme	vancomycin	926:935	arg1	derivative					937:946	a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	906:946	a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	906:946	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	6	51	theme	enhanced	1224:1231	arg1	levels					1233:1238	enhanced levels	1224:1238	enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids	1224:1274	These sites correlate with enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids.
25851532	3	52	theme	vesicle	640:646	arg1	populations					648:658	the heterogeneous vesicle populations	622:658	the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring	622:690	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25851532	5	53	link	-linked	1093:1099	arg1	disaccharides					1101:1113	lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides]	1079:1114	lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides]	1079:1114	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	8	54	theme	transduction	1572:1583	arg1	cascades					1585:1592	signal transduction cascades	1565:1592	signal transduction cascades	1565:1592	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	5	55	theme	polymerized	1139:1149	arg1	peptidoglycan					1168:1180	polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan	1139:1180	polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1139:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	4	56	theme	hyphae	772:777	arg1	tips					739:742	tips	739:742	tips	739:742	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	4	56	theme	hyphae	772:777	arg1	alongside					749:757	alongside	749:757	alongside of substrate hyphae	749:777	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	0	57	theme	antimicrobial	74:86	arg1	activity					88:95	antimicrobial activity	74:95	antimicrobial activity	74:95	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles: composition, biogenesis and antimicrobial activity.
25851532	2	58	theme	Vesicle	302:308	arg1	types					310:314	Vesicle types	302:314	Vesicle types	302:314	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	6	59	theme	lipids	1269:1274	arg1	levels					1233:1238	enhanced levels	1224:1238	enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids	1224:1274	These sites correlate with enhanced levels of anionic phospholipids and lipids.
25851532	7	60	theme	pronounced	1294:1303	arg1	damages					1305:1311	pronounced damages	1294:1311	pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli	1294:1416	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	1	61	theme	antimicrobial	172:184	arg1	activities					186:195	antimicrobial activities	172:195	antimicrobial activities	172:195	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	8	62	theme	harmful	1425:1431	arg1	effects					1433:1439	These harmful effects	1419:1439	These harmful effects	1419:1439	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	9	63	theme	novel	1665:1669	arg1	clues					1671:1675	novel clues	1665:1675	novel clues	1665:1675	Based on our pioneering findings, we highlight novel clues with environmental implications and application potential.
25851532	5	64	theme	cross-linked	1155:1166	arg1	peptidoglycan					1168:1180	polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan	1139:1180	polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1139:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	2	65	dep	in	463:464	arg1	situ					466:469	situ	466:469	situ	466:469	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	1	66	theme	filamentous	230:240	arg1	bacterium					282:290	a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium	228:290	a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium	228:290	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	5	67	theme	peptidoglycan	1039:1051	arg1	subunits					1053:1060	peptidoglycan subunits	1039:1060	peptidoglycan subunits	1039:1060	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	0	68	theme	Streptomyces	14:25	arg1	vesicles					36:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles	0:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles	0:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles: composition, biogenesis and antimicrobial activity.
25851532	5	69	link	cross-linked	1155:1166	arg1	peptidoglycan					1168:1180	polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan	1139:1180	polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae	1139:1194	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	9	70	theme	application	1713:1723	arg1	potential					1725:1733	application potential	1713:1733	application potential	1713:1733	Based on our pioneering findings, we highlight novel clues with environmental implications and application potential.
25851532	4	71	contain	containing	707:716	arg2	vesicles					718:725	vesicles	718:725	vesicles	718:725	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	4	71	contain	containing	707:716	arg1	Protuberances					693:705	Protuberances	693:705	Protuberances containing vesicles	693:725	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	4	72	theme	vegetative	806:815	arg1	growth					817:822	late vegetative growth	801:822	late vegetative growth	801:822	Protuberances containing vesicles generate at tips, and alongside of substrate hyphae, and enumerate during late vegetative growth to droplet-like exudates.
25851532	2	73	theme	fluorescent	491:501	arg1	dyes					503:506	specific fluorescent dyes	482:506	specific fluorescent dyes	482:506	Vesicle types range in diameter from 110 to 230 nm and 20 to 60 nm, respectively; they assemble to clusters, and contain lipids and phospholipids allowing their in situ imaging by specific fluorescent dyes.
25851532	8	74	theme	identified	1486:1495	arg1	compounds					1507:1515	the identified vesicular compounds	1482:1515	the identified vesicular compounds	1482:1515	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	5	75	theme	in	859:860	arg1	imaging					867:873	in situ imaging	859:873	in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative	859:946	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	0	76	dep	composition	46:56	arg1	vesicles					36:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles	0:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles	0:43	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles: composition, biogenesis and antimicrobial activity.
25851532	5	77	from	imaging	867:873	arg1	absence					895:901	absence	895:901	absence	895:901	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	5	77	from	imaging	867:873	arg1	presence					882:889	presence	882:889	presence	882:889	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	7	78	theme	clumping	1374:1381	arg1	damages					1305:1311	pronounced damages	1294:1311	pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli	1294:1416	Vesicles provoke pronounced damages of Aspergillus proliferans, Verticillium dahliae and induced clumping and distortion of Escherichia coli.
25851532	8	79	theme	compounds	1507:1515	arg1	action					1472:1477	the action	1468:1477	the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin	1468:1615	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	5	80	theme	[pentapeptide	1062:1074	arg1	levels					1029:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	enhanced levels	1020:1034	Owing to in situ imaging in the presence and absence of a green fluorescent vancomycin derivative, we conclude that protuberances comprising vesicles arise at sites with enhanced levels of peptidoglycan subunits [pentapeptide of lipid II (C55)-linked disaccharides], and reduced levels of polymerized and cross-linked peptidoglycan within hyphae.
25851532	9	81	theme	environmental	1682:1694	arg1	implications					1696:1707	environmental implications	1682:1707	environmental implications	1682:1707	Based on our pioneering findings, we highlight novel clues with environmental implications and application potential.
25851532	8	82	theme	different	1527:1535	arg1	components					1551:1560	components	1551:1560	components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin	1551:1615	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	8	82	theme	different	1527:1535	arg1	types					1544:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	different enzyme types	1527:1548	These harmful effects are likely attributable to the action of the identified vesicular compounds including different enzyme types, components of signal transduction cascades and undecylprodigiosin.
25851532	1	83	theme	Gram-positive	268:280	arg1	bacterium					282:290	a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium	228:290	a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium	228:290	We selected Streptomyces lividans to elucidate firstly the biogenesis and antimicrobial activities of extracellular vesicles that a filamentous and highly differentiated Gram-positive bacterium produces.
25851532	0	84	dep	Streptomyces	14:25	arg1	lividans					27:34	lividans	27:34	lividans	27:34	Extracellular Streptomyces lividans vesicles: composition, biogenesis and antimicrobial activity.
25851532	3	85	theme	metabolite	550:559	arg1	undecylprodigiosin					561:578	the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	525:578	the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin	525:578	The presence of the identified secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin provokes red fluorescence of a portion of the heterogeneous vesicle populations facilitating in vivo monitoring.
25074778	7	0	from	decrease	1173:1180	arg1	sulfation					1188:1196	HS sulfation	1185:1196	HS sulfation	1185:1196	In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM.
25074778	7	0	from	decrease	1173:1180	arg1	BrM					1205:1207	old BrM	1201:1207	old BrM	1201:1207	In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM.
25074778	6	1	theme	mean	1018:1021	arg1	quantity					1023:1030	the mean quantity	1014:1030	the mean quantity of HS in BrM	1014:1043	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	6	1	theme	mean	1018:1021	arg1	lower					1053:1057	lower	1053:1057	lower	1053:1057	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	11	2	theme	HS	1608:1609	arg1	quantity					1596:1603	The quantity	1592:1603	The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age	1592:1642	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	9	3	theme	402H	1430:1433	arg1	CCP6-8					1435:1440	the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8	1411:1440	the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8	1411:1440	In young donor tissue the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8 bound relatively poorly to BrM, compared to the 402Y form.
25074778	1	4	theme	binding	233:239	arg1	partner					241:247	the major binding partner	223:247	the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM)	223:309	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	4	theme	binding	233:239	arg1	it					217:218	it	217:218	it	217:218	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	6	5	theme	=	1062:1062	arg1	P					1060:1060	P = 0.006	1060:1068	P = 0.006	1060:1068	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	1	6	theme	extracellular	378:390	arg1	matrices					392:399	extracellular matrices	378:399	extracellular matrices	378:399	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	11	7	theme	CFH	1759:1761	arg1	variant					1748:1754	the 402H variant	1739:1754	the 402H variant of CFH	1739:1761	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	1	8	theme	age-related	171:181	arg1	degeneration					191:202	age-related macular degeneration	171:202	age-related macular degeneration (AMD)	171:208	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	8	theme	age-related	171:181	arg1	AMD					205:207	AMD	205:207	AMD	205:207	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	11	9	theme	binding	1677:1683	arg1	sites					1685:1689	fewer binding sites	1671:1689	fewer binding sites for CFH	1671:1697	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	11	10	theme	variant	1748:1754	arg1	ability					1728:1734	the ability	1724:1734	the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM	1724:1773	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	1	11	theme	PURPOSE	119:125	arg1	HS					144:145	HS	144:145	HS	144:145	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	11	theme	PURPOSE	119:125	arg1	sulfate					135:141	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate	119:141	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS)	119:146	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	3	12	theme	ocular	523:528	arg1	tissue					530:535	Postmortem human ocular tissue	506:535	Postmortem human ocular tissue	506:535	METHODS Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease.
25074778	7	13	theme	old	1201:1203	arg1	BrM					1205:1207	old BrM	1201:1207	old BrM	1201:1207	In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM.
25074778	3	14	theme	Postmortem	506:515	arg1	tissue					530:535	Postmortem human ocular tissue	506:535	Postmortem human ocular tissue	506:535	METHODS Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease.
25074778	5	15	theme	old	847:849	arg1	donors					851:856	young and old donors	837:856	young and old donors	837:856	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	2	16	theme	human	487:491	arg1	BrM					493:495	human BrM	487:495	human BrM	487:495	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	8	17	theme	macular	1280:1286	arg1	BrM					1288:1290	macular BrM	1280:1290	macular BrM in old versus young donors	1280:1317	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	6	18	theme	young	1085:1089	arg1	years					1117:1121	average 82 vs. 32 years	1099:1121	average 82 vs. 32 years	1099:1121	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	6	18	theme	young	1085:1089	arg1	donors					1091:1096	old versus young donors	1074:1096	old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years)	1074:1122	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	5	19	located	detected	772:779	arg2	HS					747:748	HS	747:748	HS	747:748	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	5	19	located	detected	772:779	arg1	sections					823:830	macular tissue sections	808:830	macular tissue sections from young and old donors	808:856	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	5	19	located	detected	772:779	arg2	heparanase-1					754:765	heparanase-1	754:765	heparanase-1	754:765	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	2	20	from	changes	445:451	arg1	composition					472:482	composition	472:482	composition	472:482	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	2	20	from	changes	445:451	arg1	BrM					493:495	human BrM	487:495	human BrM	487:495	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	2	20	from	changes	445:451	arg1	quantity					459:466	HS quantity	456:466	HS quantity	456:466	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	6	21	theme	old	1074:1076	arg1	years					1117:1121	average 82 vs. 32 years	1099:1121	average 82 vs. 32 years	1099:1121	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	6	21	theme	old	1074:1076	arg1	donors					1091:1096	old versus young donors	1074:1096	old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years)	1074:1122	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	8	22	from	HS	1274:1275	arg1	BrM					1288:1290	macular BrM	1280:1290	macular BrM in old versus young donors	1280:1317	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	10	23	theme	P	1568:1568	arg1	0.019					1572:1576	P = 0.019	1568:1576	P = 0.019	1568:1576	In BrM from old donors, this difference was significantly greater (P = 0.019).
25074778	5	24	theme	young	837:841	arg1	donors					851:856	young and old donors	837:856	young and old donors	837:856	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	5	25	theme	recombinant	894:904	arg1	region					913:918	exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region	874:918	exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region	874:918	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	2	26	theme	aging	439:443	arg1	changes					445:451	potential aging changes	429:451	potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM	429:495	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	4	27	theme	labeled	699:705	arg1	disaccharides					670:682	disaccharides	670:682	disaccharides	670:682	The HS was purified from BrM and neurosensory retina, and after digestion to disaccharides, fluorescently labeled and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC.
25074778	1	28	contain	has	320:322	arg1	CFH					316:318	CFH	316:318	CFH	316:318	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	28	contain	has	320:322	arg2	role					334:337	a central role	324:337	a central role	324:337	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	0	29	theme	macular	97:103	arg1	degeneration					105:116	age-related macular degeneration	85:116	age-related macular degeneration	85:116	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	5	30	from	donors	851:856	arg1	sections					823:830	macular tissue sections	808:830	macular tissue sections from young and old donors	808:856	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	5	31	theme	region	913:918	arg1	binding					863:869	binding	863:869	binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants)	863:950	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	11	32	from	CONCLUSIONS	1580:1590	arg1	BrM					1653:1655	human BrM	1647:1655	human BrM	1647:1655	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	0	33	theme	Age-dependent	0:12	arg1	changes					14:20	Age-dependent changes	0:20	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.	0:117	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	6	34	theme	Disaccharide	974:985	arg1	analysis					987:994	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis	966:994	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis	966:994	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	1	35	theme	complement	253:262	arg1	CFH					274:276	CFH	274:276	CFH	274:276	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	35	theme	complement	253:262	arg1	H					271:271	complement factor H	253:271	complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM)	253:309	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	7	36	theme	small	1150:1154	arg1	decrease					1173:1180	a small, but significant decrease	1148:1180	a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM	1148:1207	In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM.
25074778	3	37	theme	retinal	576:582	arg1	disease					584:590	known retinal disease	570:590	known retinal disease	570:590	METHODS Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease.
25074778	5	38	theme	402H	937:940	arg1	variants					942:949	402H variants	937:949	402H variants	937:949	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	8	39	theme	macular	1365:1371	arg1	BrM					1373:1375	old macular BrM	1361:1375	old macular BrM (P = 0.56)	1361:1386	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	8	39	theme	macular	1365:1371	arg1	P					1378:1378	P = 0.56	1378:1385	P = 0.56	1378:1385	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	0	40	theme	human	44:48	arg1	membrane					58:65	human Bruch's membrane	44:65	human Bruch's membrane	44:65	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	9	41	theme	young	1392:1396	arg1	tissue					1404:1409	young donor tissue	1392:1409	young donor tissue	1392:1409	In young donor tissue the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8 bound relatively poorly to BrM, compared to the 402Y form.
25074778	6	42	theme	HS	1035:1036	arg1	quantity					1023:1030	the mean quantity	1014:1030	the mean quantity of HS in BrM	1014:1043	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	6	42	theme	HS	1035:1036	arg1	lower					1053:1057	lower	1053:1057	lower	1053:1057	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	8	43	theme	=	1380:1380	arg1	BrM					1373:1375	old macular BrM	1361:1375	old macular BrM (P = 0.56)	1361:1386	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	8	43	theme	=	1380:1380	arg1	P					1378:1378	P = 0.56	1378:1385	P = 0.56	1378:1385	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	4	44	theme	reverse-phase	723:735	arg1	HPLC					737:740	reverse-phase HPLC	723:740	reverse-phase HPLC	723:740	The HS was purified from BrM and neurosensory retina, and after digestion to disaccharides, fluorescently labeled and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC.
25074778	6	45	from	quantity	1023:1030	arg1	BrM					1041:1043	BrM	1041:1043	BrM	1041:1043	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	9	46	theme	AMD-associated	1415:1428	arg1	CCP6-8					1435:1440	the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8	1411:1440	the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8	1411:1440	In young donor tissue the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8 bound relatively poorly to BrM, compared to the 402Y form.
25074778	1	47	from	H	271:271	arg1	BrM					306:308	BrM	306:308	BrM	306:308	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	47	from	H	271:271	arg1	membrane					296:303	human Bruch's membrane	282:303	human Bruch's membrane (BrM)	282:309	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	48	theme	complement	353:362	arg1	activation					364:373	complement activation	353:373	complement activation on extracellular matrices	353:399	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	10	49	theme	old	1513:1515	arg1	donors					1517:1522	old donors	1513:1522	old donors	1513:1522	In BrM from old donors, this difference was significantly greater (P = 0.019).
25074778	1	50	theme	major	227:231	arg1	partner					241:247	the major binding partner	223:247	the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM)	223:309	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	50	theme	major	227:231	arg1	it					217:218	it	217:218	it	217:218	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	3	51	dep	METHODS	498:504	arg1	obtained					541:548	obtained	541:548	was obtained from donors without known retinal disease	537:590	METHODS Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease.
25074778	6	52	dep	lower	1053:1057	arg1	P					1060:1060	P = 0.006	1060:1068	P = 0.006	1060:1068	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	11	53	theme	402H	1743:1746	arg1	variant					1748:1754	the 402H variant	1739:1754	the 402H variant of CFH	1739:1761	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	1	54	theme	macular	183:189	arg1	degeneration					191:202	age-related macular degeneration	171:202	age-related macular degeneration (AMD)	171:208	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	54	theme	macular	183:189	arg1	AMD					205:207	AMD	205:207	AMD	205:207	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	8	55	dep	revealed	1231:1238	arg1	whereas					1320:1326	whereas	1320:1326	whereas	1320:1326	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	3	56	theme	human	517:521	arg1	tissue					530:535	Postmortem human ocular tissue	506:535	Postmortem human ocular tissue	506:535	METHODS Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease.
25074778	5	57	theme	macular	808:814	arg1	sections					823:830	macular tissue sections	808:830	macular tissue sections from young and old donors	808:856	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	2	58	theme	HS	456:457	arg1	quantity					459:466	HS quantity	456:466	HS quantity	456:466	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	6	59	theme	average	1099:1105	arg1	years					1117:1121	average 82 vs. 32 years	1099:1121	average 82 vs. 32 years	1099:1121	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	6	59	theme	average	1099:1105	arg1	donors					1091:1096	old versus young donors	1074:1096	old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years)	1074:1122	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	10	60	dep	greater	1559:1565	arg1	0.019					1572:1576	P = 0.019	1568:1576	P = 0.019	1568:1576	In BrM from old donors, this difference was significantly greater (P = 0.019).
25074778	11	61	theme	fewer	1671:1675	arg1	sites					1685:1689	fewer binding sites	1671:1689	fewer binding sites for CFH	1671:1697	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	9	62	theme	402Y	1490:1493	arg1	form					1495:1498	the 402Y form	1486:1498	the 402Y form	1486:1498	In young donor tissue the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8 bound relatively poorly to BrM, compared to the 402Y form.
25074778	1	63	theme	central	326:332	arg1	role					334:337	a central role	324:337	a central role	324:337	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	64	theme	Heparan	127:133	arg1	HS					144:145	HS	144:145	HS	144:145	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	64	theme	Heparan	127:133	arg1	sulfate					135:141	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate	119:141	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS)	119:146	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	8	65	theme	old	1295:1297	arg1	donors					1312:1317	old versus young donors	1295:1317	old versus young donors	1295:1317	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	4	66	dep	BrM	618:620	arg1	retina					639:644	retina	639:644	retina	639:644	The HS was purified from BrM and neurosensory retina, and after digestion to disaccharides, fluorescently labeled and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC.
25074778	10	67	theme	=	1570:1570	arg1	0.019					1572:1576	P = 0.019	1568:1576	P = 0.019	1568:1576	In BrM from old donors, this difference was significantly greater (P = 0.019).
25074778	5	68	theme	tissue	816:821	arg1	sections					823:830	macular tissue sections	808:830	macular tissue sections from young and old donors	808:856	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	8	69	theme	young	1306:1310	arg1	donors					1312:1317	old versus young donors	1295:1317	old versus young donors	1295:1317	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	7	70	theme	HS	1185:1186	arg1	sulfation					1188:1196	HS sulfation	1185:1196	HS sulfation	1185:1196	In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM.
25074778	1	71	theme	human	282:286	arg1	Bruch					288:292	human Bruch's	282:294	human Bruch's membrane (BrM)	282:309	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	10	72	from	donors	1517:1522	arg1	BrM					1504:1506	BrM	1504:1506	BrM from old donors	1504:1522	In BrM from old donors, this difference was significantly greater (P = 0.019).
25074778	0	73	from	changes	14:20	arg1	membrane					58:65	human Bruch's membrane	44:65	human Bruch's membrane	44:65	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	0	73	from	changes	14:20	arg1	sulfate					33:39	heparan sulfate	25:39	heparan sulfate	25:39	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	0	74	theme	age-related	85:95	arg1	degeneration					105:116	age-related macular degeneration	85:116	age-related macular degeneration	85:116	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	5	75	theme	CFH	923:925	arg1	binding					863:869	binding	863:869	binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants)	863:950	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	5	76	theme	applied	886:892	arg1	region					913:918	exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region	874:918	exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region	874:918	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	11	77	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1580:1590	arg1	resulting					1658:1666	resulting	1658:1666	resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH	1658:1697	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	11	77	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1580:1590	arg1	affecting					1714:1722	affecting	1714:1722	especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM	1703:1773	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	8	78	from	BrM	1288:1290	arg1	donors					1312:1317	old versus young donors	1295:1317	old versus young donors	1295:1317	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	5	79	theme	CCP6-8	906:911	arg1	region					913:918	exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region	874:918	exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region	874:918	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	7	80	theme	significant	1161:1171	arg1	decrease					1173:1180	a small, but significant decrease	1148:1180	a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM	1148:1207	In addition, there was a small, but significant decrease in HS sulfation in old BrM.
25074778	2	81	theme	potential	429:437	arg1	changes					445:451	potential aging changes	429:451	potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM	429:495	The aim was to investigate potential aging changes in HS quantity and composition in human BrM.
25074778	11	82	theme	human	1647:1651	arg1	BrM					1653:1655	human BrM	1647:1655	human BrM	1647:1655	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	0	83	theme	heparan	25:31	arg1	sulfate					33:39	heparan sulfate	25:39	heparan sulfate	25:39	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	0	84	dep	changes	14:20	arg1	implications					68:79	implications	68:79	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.	0:117	Age-dependent changes in heparan sulfate in human Bruch's membrane: implications for age-related macular degeneration.
25074778	6	85	theme	RESULTS	966:972	arg1	analysis					987:994	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis	966:994	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis	966:994	RESULTS Disaccharide analysis demonstrated that the mean quantity of HS in BrM was 50% lower (P = 0.006) in old versus young donors (average 82 vs. 32 years).
25074778	8	86	theme	old	1361:1363	arg1	BrM					1373:1375	old macular BrM	1361:1375	old macular BrM (P = 0.56)	1361:1386	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	8	86	theme	old	1361:1363	arg1	P					1378:1378	P = 0.56	1378:1385	P = 0.56	1378:1385	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	3	87	theme	known	570:574	arg1	disease					584:590	known retinal disease	570:590	known retinal disease	570:590	METHODS Postmortem human ocular tissue was obtained from donors without known retinal disease.
25074778	1	88	theme	factor	264:269	arg1	CFH					274:276	CFH	274:276	CFH	274:276	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	1	88	theme	factor	264:269	arg1	H					271:271	complement factor H	253:271	complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM)	253:309	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	11	89	dep	quantity	1596:1603	arg1	decreases					1611:1619	decreases	1611:1619	decreases substantially with age	1611:1642	CONCLUSIONS The quantity of HS decreases substantially with age in human BrM, resulting in fewer binding sites for CFH and especially affecting the ability of the 402H variant of CFH to bind BrM.
25074778	5	90	dep	CFH	923:925	arg1	402Y					928:931	402Y	928:931	402Y	928:931	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	5	90	dep	CFH	923:925	arg1	variants					942:949	402H variants	937:949	402H variants	937:949	The HS and heparanase-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in macular tissue sections from young and old donors, and binding of exogenously applied recombinant CCP6-8 region of CFH (402Y and 402H variants) was compared.
25074778	9	91	theme	donor	1398:1402	arg1	tissue					1404:1409	young donor tissue	1392:1409	young donor tissue	1392:1409	In young donor tissue the AMD-associated 402H CCP6-8 bound relatively poorly to BrM, compared to the 402Y form.
25074778	1	92	from	activation	364:373	arg1	matrices					392:399	extracellular matrices	378:399	extracellular matrices	378:399	PURPOSE Heparan sulfate (HS) has been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since it is the major binding partner for complement factor H (CFH) in human Bruch's membrane (BrM), and CFH has a central role in inhibiting complement activation on extracellular matrices.
25074778	8	93	theme	=	1261:1261	arg1	P					1259:1259	P = 0.02	1259:1266	P = 0.02	1259:1266	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
25074778	8	93	theme	=	1261:1261	arg1	%					1256:1256	approximately 50%	1240:1256	approximately 50% (P = 0.02)	1240:1267	Immunohistochemistry revealed approximately 50% (P = 0.02) less HS in macular BrM in old versus young donors, whereas heparanase-1 increased by 24% in old macular BrM (P = 0.56).
28189242	3	0	dep	cell	271:274	arg1	adhesion					276:283	adhesion	276:283	adhesion	276:283	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	13	1	dep	compounds	1635:1643	arg1	compounds					1635:1643	extracellular matrix compounds	1614:1643	extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding	1614:1689	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	1	dep	compounds	1635:1643	arg1	fibronectin					1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	1	dep	compounds	1635:1643	arg1	aggrecan					1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	2	theme	Hydrogel	1592:1599	arg1	coating					1601:1607	Hydrogel coating	1592:1607	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding	1592:1689	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	12	3	theme	crosslinked	1390:1400	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	14	4	theme	clinical	1935:1942	arg1	studies					1944:1950	clinical studies	1935:1950	clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration	1935:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	3	5	theme	surrogate	215:223	arg1	matrix					239:244	a surrogate extracellular matrix	213:244	a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation	213:318	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	7	6	theme	connective	798:807	arg1	tissue					809:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	3	7	theme	stem	266:269	arg1	cell					271:274	adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation	260:318	cell	271:274	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	1	8	dep	B	42:42	arg1	behavior					76:83	In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior	45:83	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.	37:101	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	4	9	dep	Nieuwenhove	589:599	arg1	al.					604:606	Van Nieuwenhove et al.	585:606	Van Nieuwenhove et al.	585:606	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	14	10	theme	in	1913:1914	arg1	evaluation					1921:1930	in vivo evaluation	1913:1930	in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration	1913:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	4	11	theme	crosslinkable	439:451	arg1	gelatin					453:459	crosslinkable gelatin	439:459	crosslinkable gelatin	439:459	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	11	12	theme	highest	1344:1350	arg1	degree					1352:1357	the highest degree	1340:1357	the highest degree of cross-linking	1340:1374	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	12	13	theme	rigid	1559:1563	arg1	hydrogels					1581:1589	the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels	1550:1589	the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels	1550:1589	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	9	14	theme	starch	1004:1009	arg1	ratio					995:999	ratio	995:999	ratio of starch to gelatin applied	995:1028	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	1	15	dep	In	45:46	arg1	mesenchymal					54:64	mesenchymal	54:64	mesenchymal	54:64	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	1	15	dep	In	45:46	arg1	vitro					48:52	vitro	48:52	vitro	48:52	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	6	16	theme	Hydrogel	661:668	arg1	Development					670:680	Hydrogel Development	661:680	Hydrogel Development	661:680	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	3	17	theme	scaffold-guided	321:335	arg1	regeneration					344:355	scaffold-guided tissue regeneration	321:355	scaffold-guided tissue regeneration	321:355	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	13	18	theme	significant	1704:1714	arg1	effects					1716:1722	no significant effects	1701:1722	no significant effects	1701:1722	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	9	19	theme	different	1035:1043	arg1	degrees					1045:1051	different degrees	1035:1051	different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase	1035:1098	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	9	20	dep	composition	982:992	arg1	ratio					995:999	ratio	995:999	ratio of starch to gelatin applied	995:1028	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	14	21	theme	differentiation	1845:1859	arg1	promotion					1790:1798	maximum promotion	1782:1798	maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1782:1859	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	12	22	theme	osteogenic	1502:1511	arg1	differentiation					1513:1527	osteogenic differentiation	1502:1527	osteogenic differentiation	1502:1527	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	12	22	theme	osteogenic	1502:1511	arg1	strongest					1537:1545	strongest	1537:1545	strongest	1537:1545	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	4	23	theme	functionalized	499:512	arg1	starch					514:519	functionalized starch	499:519	functionalized starch	499:519	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	6	24	dep	A	658:658	arg1	"					711:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	6	24	dep	A	658:658	arg1	Polymers					727:734	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	11	25	with	hydrogel	1326:1333	arg1	degree					1352:1357	the highest degree	1340:1357	the highest degree of cross-linking	1340:1374	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	4	26	theme	hydrolyzed	466:475	arg1	form					477:480	the hydrolyzed form	462:480	the hydrolyzed form of collagen	462:492	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	11	27	theme	strongest	1282:1290	arg1	proliferation					1292:1304	the strongest proliferation	1278:1304	the strongest proliferation	1278:1304	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	1	28	theme	stem	66:69	arg1	behavior					76:83	In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior	45:83	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.	37:101	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	3	29	theme	three-dimensional	177:193	arg1	matrix					195:200	a three-dimensional matrix	175:200	a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation	175:318	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	9	30	theme	applied	1078:1084	arg1	phase					1094:1098	the applied gelatin phase	1074:1098	the applied gelatin phase	1074:1098	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	0	31	theme	Gelatin-	0:7	arg1	hydrogels					26:34	Gelatin- and starch-based hydrogels	0:34	Gelatin- and starch-based hydrogels.	0:35	Gelatin- and starch-based hydrogels.
28189242	14	32	theme	cell	1840:1843	arg1	differentiation					1845:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	11	33	theme	initial	1207:1213	arg1	adhesion					1220:1227	initial cell adhesion	1207:1227	initial cell adhesion	1207:1227	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	9	34	theme	phase	1094:1098	arg1	methacrylation					1056:1069	methacrylation	1056:1069	methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase	1056:1098	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	0	35	theme	starch-based	13:24	arg1	hydrogels					26:34	Gelatin- and starch-based hydrogels	0:34	Gelatin- and starch-based hydrogels.	0:35	Gelatin- and starch-based hydrogels.
28189242	14	36	theme	osteogenic	1824:1833	arg1	differentiation					1845:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	14	37	theme	adipogenic	1810:1819	arg1	differentiation					1845:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	14	38	theme	tissue	1982:1987	arg1	regeneration					1989:2000	tissue regeneration	1982:2000	tissue regeneration	1982:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	8	39	theme	amylose	910:916	arg1	mixture					899:905	a mixture	897:905	a mixture of amylose and amylopectin	897:932	Starch is a carbohydrate consisting of a mixture of amylose and amylopectin.
28189242	7	40	theme	structural	769:778	arg1	protein					780:786	the main structural protein	760:786	the main structural protein in animal connective tissue	760:814	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	7	40	theme	structural	769:778	arg1	Collagen					748:755	Collagen	748:755	Collagen	748:755	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	13	41	theme	extracellular	1614:1626	arg1	compounds					1635:1643	extracellular matrix compounds	1614:1643	extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding	1614:1689	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	41	theme	extracellular	1614:1626	arg1	fibronectin					1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	41	theme	extracellular	1614:1626	arg1	aggrecan					1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	8	42	theme	amylopectin	922:932	arg1	mixture					899:905	a mixture	897:905	a mixture of amylose and amylopectin	897:932	Starch is a carbohydrate consisting of a mixture of amylose and amylopectin.
28189242	7	43	from	protein	838:844	arg1	mammals					849:855	mammals	849:855	mammals	849:855	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	7	43	from	protein	838:844	arg1	tissue					809:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	9	44	theme	gelatin	1086:1092	arg1	phase					1094:1098	the applied gelatin phase	1074:1098	the applied gelatin phase	1074:1098	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	12	45	located	found	1489:1493	arg2	degree					1448:1453	the highest degree	1436:1453	the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation	1436:1483	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	12	45	located	found	1489:1493	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	14	46	theme	maximum	1782:1788	arg1	promotion					1790:1798	maximum promotion	1782:1798	maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1782:1859	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	12	47	theme	differentiation	1469:1483	arg1	degree					1448:1453	the highest degree	1436:1453	the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation	1436:1483	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	1	48	theme	Part	37:40	arg1	B					42:42	Part B	37:42	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.	37:101	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	11	49	theme	cross-linking	1362:1374	arg1	degree					1352:1357	the highest degree	1340:1357	the highest degree of cross-linking	1340:1374	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	6	50	theme	Carbohydrate	714:725	arg1	"					711:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	6	50	theme	Carbohydrate	714:725	arg1	Polymers					727:734	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	1	51	from	behavior	76:83	arg1	hydrogels					92:100	the hydrogels	88:100	the hydrogels	88:100	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	2	52	theme	Tissue	103:108	arg1	regeneration					110:121	Tissue regeneration	103:121	Tissue regeneration	103:121	Tissue regeneration often occurs only to a limited extent.
28189242	5	53	theme	Starch-Based	629:640	arg1	Hydrogels					642:650	Gelatin- and Starch-Based Hydrogels	616:650	Gelatin- and Starch-Based Hydrogels	616:650	"Gelatin- and Starch-Based Hydrogels.
28189242	12	54	theme	highest	1440:1446	arg1	degree					1448:1453	the highest degree	1436:1453	the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation	1436:1483	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	12	55	dep	rigid	1559:1563	arg1	starch-blended					1566:1579	starch-blended	1566:1579	starch-blended	1566:1579	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	14	56	theme	gelatin-based	1731:1743	arg1	hydrogels					1745:1753	gelatin-based hydrogels	1731:1753	gelatin-based hydrogels	1731:1753	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	7	57	from	protein	780:786	arg1	mammals					849:855	mammals	849:855	mammals	849:855	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	7	57	from	protein	780:786	arg1	tissue					809:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	14	58	from	evaluation	1921:1930	arg1	studies					1944:1950	clinical studies	1935:1950	clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration	1935:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	12	59	theme	flexible	1416:1423	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	5	60	theme	Gelatin-	616:623	arg1	Hydrogels					642:650	Gelatin- and Starch-Based Hydrogels	616:650	Gelatin- and Starch-Based Hydrogels	616:650	"Gelatin- and Starch-Based Hydrogels.
28189242	3	61	theme	extracellular	225:237	arg1	matrix					239:244	a surrogate extracellular matrix	213:244	a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation	213:318	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	9	62	theme	chemical	973:980	arg1	composition					982:992	chemical composition	973:992	chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied)	973:1029	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	11	63	located	observed	1310:1317	arg2	proliferation					1292:1304	the strongest proliferation	1278:1304	the strongest proliferation	1278:1304	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	11	63	located	observed	1310:1317	arg1	hydrogel					1326:1333	the hydrogel	1322:1333	the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking	1322:1374	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	7	64	theme	abundant	829:836	arg1	protein					838:844	the most abundant protein	820:844	the most abundant protein in mammals	820:855	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	3	65	theme	adult	260:264	arg1	cell					271:274	adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation	260:318	cell	271:274	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	7	66	theme	main	764:767	arg1	protein					780:786	the main structural protein	760:786	the main structural protein in animal connective tissue	760:814	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	7	66	theme	main	764:767	arg1	Collagen					748:755	Collagen	748:755	Collagen	748:755	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	14	67	dep	soft	1969:1972	arg1	regeneration					1989:2000	tissue regeneration	1982:2000	tissue regeneration	1982:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	14	68	theme	promising	1888:1896	arg1	candidates					1898:1907	promising candidates	1888:1907	promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration	1888:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	6	69	theme	Part	653:656	arg1	A					658:658	Part A	653:658	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.	653:746	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	3	70	theme	tissue	337:342	arg1	regeneration					344:355	scaffold-guided tissue regeneration	321:355	scaffold-guided tissue regeneration	321:355	By providing a three-dimensional matrix serving as a surrogate extracellular matrix that promotes adult stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, scaffold-guided tissue regeneration aims at overcoming this limitation.
28189242	10	71	theme	cells	1173:1177	arg1	viability					1151:1159	viability	1151:1159	viability of the stem cells cultured on them	1151:1194	The hydrogels used exhibited no adverse effect on viability of the stem cells cultured on them.
28189242	1	72	theme	In	45:46	arg1	behavior					76:83	In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior	45:83	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.	37:101	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	6	73	theme	Coating	704:710	arg1	"					711:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	6	73	theme	Coating	704:710	arg1	Polymers					727:734	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	14	74	dep	regarding	1772:1780	arg1	makes					1877:1881	makes	1877:1881	makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration	1877:2000	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	9	75	theme	methacrylation	1056:1069	arg1	composition					982:992	chemical composition	973:992	chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied)	973:1029	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	9	75	theme	methacrylation	1056:1069	arg1	degrees					1045:1051	different degrees	1035:1051	different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase	1035:1098	Hydrogels were developed with varying chemical composition (ratio of starch to gelatin applied) and different degrees of methacrylation of the applied gelatin phase.
28189242	4	76	theme	collagen	485:492	arg1	gelatin					453:459	crosslinkable gelatin	439:459	crosslinkable gelatin	439:459	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	4	76	theme	collagen	485:492	arg1	form					477:480	the hydrolyzed form	462:480	the hydrolyzed form of collagen	462:492	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	4	76	theme	collagen	485:492	arg1	starch					514:519	functionalized starch	499:519	functionalized starch	499:519	In this study, we applied hydrogels made from crosslinkable gelatin, the hydrolyzed form of collagen, and functionalized starch which were characterized in depth and optimized as described in Van Nieuwenhove et al., 2016.
28189242	6	77	theme	Characterization	683:698	arg1	"					711:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	6	77	theme	Characterization	683:698	arg1	Polymers					727:734	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	1	78	theme	cell	71:74	arg1	behavior					76:83	In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior	45:83	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.	37:101	Part B: In vitro mesenchymal stem cell behavior on the hydrogels.
28189242	13	79	theme	cell	1678:1681	arg1	seeding					1683:1689	cell seeding	1678:1689	cell seeding	1678:1689	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	6	80	theme	Development	670:680	arg1	"					711:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating"	661:711	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	6	80	theme	Development	670:680	arg1	Polymers					727:734	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39	714:745	Part A: Hydrogel Development, Characterization and Coating", Carbohydrate Polymers 152:129-39.
28189242	14	81	dep	in	1913:1914	arg1	vivo					1916:1919	vivo	1916:1919	vivo	1916:1919	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	14	82	theme	stem	1835:1838	arg1	differentiation					1845:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation	1803:1859	Thus, gelatin-based hydrogels can be optimized regarding maximum promotion of either adipogenic or osteogenic stem cell differentiation in vitro, which makes them promising candidates for in vivo evaluation in clinical studies aiming at either soft or hard tissue regeneration.
28189242	11	83	theme	cell	1215:1218	arg1	adhesion					1220:1227	initial cell adhesion	1207:1227	initial cell adhesion	1207:1227	Moreover, initial cell adhesion did not differ significantly between them, while the strongest proliferation was observed on the hydrogel with the highest degree of cross-linking.
28189242	13	84	with	coating	1601:1607	arg1	compounds					1635:1643	extracellular matrix compounds	1614:1643	extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding	1614:1689	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	84	with	coating	1601:1607	arg1	fibronectin					1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	84	with	coating	1601:1607	arg1	aggrecan					1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	7	85	theme	animal	791:796	arg1	tissue					809:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	animal connective tissue	791:814	Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissue and the most abundant protein in mammals.
28189242	2	86	theme	limited	146:152	arg1	extent					154:159	a limited extent	144:159	a limited extent	144:159	Tissue regeneration often occurs only to a limited extent.
28189242	13	87	theme	matrix	1628:1633	arg1	compounds					1635:1643	extracellular matrix compounds	1614:1643	extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding	1614:1689	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	87	theme	matrix	1628:1633	arg1	fibronectin					1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	fibronectin	1657:1667	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	13	87	theme	matrix	1628:1633	arg1	aggrecan					1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	aggrecan	1645:1652	Hydrogel coating with extracellular matrix compounds aggrecan or fibronectin prior to cell seeding exhibited no significant effects.
28189242	10	88	theme	adverse	1133:1139	arg1	effect					1141:1146	no adverse effect	1130:1146	no adverse effect	1130:1146	The hydrogels used exhibited no adverse effect on viability of the stem cells cultured on them.
28189242	12	89	link	crosslinked	1390:1400	arg1	hydrogels					1425:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels	1380:1433	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
28189242	10	90	theme	stem	1168:1171	arg1	cells					1173:1177	the stem cells	1164:1177	the stem cells cultured on them	1164:1194	The hydrogels used exhibited no adverse effect on viability of the stem cells cultured on them.
28189242	12	91	theme	adipogenic	1458:1467	arg1	differentiation					1469:1483	adipogenic differentiation	1458:1483	adipogenic differentiation	1458:1483	On the least crosslinked and thus most flexible hydrogels, the highest degree of adipogenic differentiation was found, while osteogenic differentiation was the strongest on the most rigid, starch-blended hydrogels.
27306956	0	0	from	Fingerprint	20:30	arg1	Children					60:67	Young Children	54:67	Young Children	54:67	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children.
27306956	6	1	theme	present	1045:1051	arg1	study					1053:1057	The present study	1041:1057	The present study	1041:1057	The present study demonstrates that the salivary profile of DM1 differs from that of HG children.
27306956	1	2	theme	condition	136:144	arg1	evaluation					112:121	the evaluation	108:121	the evaluation of the human condition	108:144	Metabolomics is an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition, in both health or disease.
27306956	5	3	theme	acetate	961:967	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	3	theme	acetate	961:967	arg1	levels					942:947	increased levels	932:947	increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL	932:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	4	theme	salivary	888:895	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	5	with	children	1006:1013	arg1	mg/dL					1034:1038	glycemia >200 mg/dL	1020:1038	glycemia >200 mg/dL	1020:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	2	6	theme	oral	286:289	arg1	health					291:296	oral health	286:296	oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR	286:367	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	5	7	theme	glycemia	1020:1027	arg1	mg/dL					1034:1038	glycemia >200 mg/dL	1020:1038	glycemia >200 mg/dL	1020:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	3	8	theme	classificatory	541:554	arg1	performance					556:566	classificatory performance	541:566	classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06	541:692	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	9	dep	healthy	443:449	arg1	HG					452:453	HG	452:453	HG	452:453	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	10	theme	ACC	657:659	arg1	glycemia					634:641	glycemia	634:641	glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74	634:666	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	5	11	theme	univariate	849:858	arg1	analysis					860:867	The univariate analysis	845:867	The univariate analysis	845:867	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	3	12	theme	uncontrolled	460:471	arg1	subjects					477:484	healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects	443:484	healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06	443:692	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	13	with	children	620:627	arg1	glycemia					634:641	glycemia	634:641	glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74	634:666	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	7	14	theme	important	1186:1194	arg1	effect					1196:1201	an important effect	1183:1201	an important effect	1183:1201	It appears that diabetes status control has an important effect on the salivary composition.
27306956	3	15	theme	=	661:661	arg1	ACC					657:659	ACC	657:659	ACC = 0.74	657:666	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	7	16	theme	salivary	1210:1217	arg1	composition					1219:1229	the salivary composition	1206:1229	the salivary composition	1206:1229	It appears that diabetes status control has an important effect on the salivary composition.
27306956	5	17	from	lactate	952:958	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	18	from	children	1006:1013	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	18	from	children	1006:1013	arg1	levels					942:947	increased levels	932:947	increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL	932:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	2	19	dep	type	221:224	arg1	DM1					247:249	DM1	247:249	DM1	247:249	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	2	19	dep	type	221:224	arg1	children					237:244	diabetic children	228:244	type I diabetic children (DM1)	221:250	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	5	20	theme	sucrose	974:980	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	20	theme	sucrose	974:980	arg1	levels					942:947	increased levels	932:947	increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL	932:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	3	21	theme	Partial	370:376	arg1	PLS-DA					415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	21	theme	Partial	370:376	arg1	analysis					405:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis	370:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)	370:421	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	0	22	theme	Metabolite	9:18	arg1	Fingerprint					20:30	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint	0:30	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children	0:67	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children.
27306956	3	23	theme	healthy	443:449	arg1	subjects					477:484	healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects	443:484	healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06	443:692	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	5	24	from	levels	942:947	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	7	25	theme	diabetes	1155:1162	arg1	control					1171:1177	diabetes status control	1155:1177	diabetes status control	1155:1177	It appears that diabetes status control has an important effect on the salivary composition.
27306956	4	26	from	groups	766:771	arg1	factor					788:793	the loading factor	776:793	the loading factor	776:793	The metabolites that mostly contributed to the distinction between the groups in the loading factor were acetate, n-acetyl-sugar, lactate, and sugar.
27306956	7	27	contain	has	1179:1181	arg2	effect					1196:1201	an important effect	1183:1201	an important effect	1183:1201	It appears that diabetes status control has an important effect on the salivary composition.
27306956	7	27	contain	has	1179:1181	arg1	control					1171:1177	diabetes status control	1155:1177	diabetes status control	1155:1177	It appears that diabetes status control has an important effect on the salivary composition.
27306956	0	28	theme	Salivary	0:7	arg1	Fingerprint					20:30	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint	0:30	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children	0:67	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children.
27306956	7	29	theme	status	1164:1169	arg1	control					1171:1177	diabetes status control	1155:1177	diabetes status control	1155:1177	It appears that diabetes status control has an important effect on the salivary composition.
27306956	2	30	theme	diabetes	309:316	arg1	control					318:324	diabetes control	309:324	diabetes control	309:324	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	6	31	theme	DM1	1101:1103	arg1	profile					1090:1096	the salivary profile	1077:1096	the salivary profile of DM1	1077:1103	The present study demonstrates that the salivary profile of DM1 differs from that of HG children.
27306956	1	32	theme	important	89:97	arg1	Metabolomics					70:81	Metabolomics	70:81	Metabolomics	70:81	Metabolomics is an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition, in both health or disease.
27306956	1	32	theme	important	89:97	arg1	tool					99:102	an important tool	86:102	an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition	86:144	Metabolomics is an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition, in both health or disease.
27306956	3	33	theme	discriminant	392:403	arg1	PLS-DA					415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	33	theme	discriminant	392:403	arg1	analysis					405:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis	370:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)	370:421	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	5	34	theme	lactate	952:958	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	34	theme	lactate	952:958	arg1	levels					942:947	increased levels	932:947	increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL	932:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	35	from	sucrose	974:980	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	3	36	dep	glycemia	634:641	arg1	mg/dL					648:652	>200 mg/dL	643:652	glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74	634:666	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	37	theme	DM1	473:475	arg1	subjects					477:484	healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects	443:484	healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06	443:692	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	2	38	theme	metabolite	338:347	arg1	profiling					349:357	metabolite profiling	338:357	metabolite profiling using NMR	338:367	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	5	39	from	concentration	897:909	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	40	from	acetate	961:967	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	3	41	theme	least	378:382	arg1	PLS-DA					415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	41	theme	least	378:382	arg1	analysis					405:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis	370:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)	370:421	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	0	42	theme	Type	35:38	arg1	Diabetes					42:49	Type 1 Diabetes	35:49	Type 1 Diabetes	35:49	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children.
27306956	5	43	theme	succinic	914:921	arg1	acid					923:926	succinic acid	914:926	succinic acid	914:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	6	44	theme	salivary	1081:1088	arg1	profile					1090:1096	the salivary profile	1077:1096	the salivary profile of DM1	1077:1103	The present study demonstrates that the salivary profile of DM1 differs from that of HG children.
27306956	2	45	theme	salivary	198:205	arg1	components					207:216	the salivary components	194:216	the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1)	194:250	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	3	46	theme	squared	384:390	arg1	PLS-DA					415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	46	theme	squared	384:390	arg1	analysis					405:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis	370:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)	370:421	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	4	47	theme	loading	780:786	arg1	factor					788:793	the loading factor	776:793	the loading factor	776:793	The metabolites that mostly contributed to the distinction between the groups in the loading factor were acetate, n-acetyl-sugar, lactate, and sugar.
27306956	5	48	theme	acid	923:926	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	5	48	theme	acid	923:926	arg1	levels					942:947	increased levels	932:947	increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL	932:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	0	49	theme	Diabetes	42:49	arg1	Fingerprint					20:30	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint	0:30	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children	0:67	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children.
27306956	1	50	theme	human	130:134	arg1	condition					136:144	the human condition	126:144	the human condition	126:144	Metabolomics is an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition, in both health or disease.
27306956	3	51	theme	DM1	616:618	arg1	children					620:627	DM1 children	616:627	DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74	616:666	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	52	dep	=	661:661	arg1	0.74					663:666	0.74	663:666	0.74	663:666	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	2	53	theme	diabetic	228:235	arg1	DM1					247:249	DM1	247:249	DM1	247:249	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	2	53	theme	diabetic	228:235	arg1	children					237:244	diabetic children	228:244	type I diabetic children (DM1)	221:250	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	5	54	theme	increased	932:940	arg1	levels					942:947	increased levels	932:947	increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL	932:1038	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	1	55	from	tool	99:102	arg1	health					155:160	health	155:160	health	155:160	Metabolomics is an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition, in both health or disease.
27306956	1	55	from	tool	99:102	arg1	disease					165:171	disease	165:171	disease	165:171	Metabolomics is an important tool for the evaluation of the human condition, in both health or disease.
27306956	6	56	theme	HG	1126:1127	arg1	children					1129:1136	HG children	1126:1136	HG children	1126:1136	The present study demonstrates that the salivary profile of DM1 differs from that of HG children.
27306956	3	57	used	used	427:430	arg2	analysis					405:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis	370:412	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)	370:421	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	3	57	used	used	427:430	arg2	PLS-DA					415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	PLS-DA	415:420	Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to compare healthy (HG) and uncontrolled DM1 subjects that demonstrated a separation between the groups with classificatory performance of ACC = 0.80, R(2) = 0.92, Q(2) = 0.02 and for DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL of ACC = 0.74, R(2) = 0.91, Q(2) = 0.06.
27306956	2	58	theme	age	271:273	arg1	years					262:266	six years	258:266	six years of age	258:273	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	5	59	theme	uncontrolled	985:996	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	2	60	theme	type	221:224	arg1	components					207:216	the salivary components	194:216	the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1)	194:250	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	0	61	theme	Young	54:58	arg1	Children					60:67	Young Children	54:67	Young Children	54:67	Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children.
27306956	5	62	theme	decreased	878:886	arg1	concentration					897:909	a decreased salivary concentration	876:909	a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid	876:926	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
27306956	2	63	theme	related	298:304	arg1	health					291:296	oral health	286:296	oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR	286:367	This study analyzed the salivary components of type I diabetic children (DM1) under six years of age, to assess oral health related to diabetes control, as well as metabolite profiling using NMR.
27306956	5	64	theme	DM1	1002:1004	arg1	children					1006:1013	uncontrolled and DM1 children	985:1013	children	1006:1013	The univariate analysis showed a decreased salivary concentration of succinic acid and increased levels of lactate, acetate, and sucrose in uncontrolled and DM1 children with glycemia >200 mg/dL.
25680651	2	0	attach	present	360:366	arg1	cartilage					401:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	0	attach	present	360:366	arg2	present					360:366	present	360:366	present	360:366	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	0	attach	present	360:366	arg2	region					346:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	6	1	theme	old	1252:1254	arg1	tissue					1256:1261	the 4 week old tissue	1241:1261	the 4 week old tissue	1241:1261	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	7	2	with	content	1333:1339	arg1	age					1346:1348	age	1346:1348	age	1346:1348	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	6	3	from	region	1157:1162	arg1	cartilage					1185:1193	skeletally mature cartilage	1167:1193	skeletally mature cartilage	1167:1193	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	7	4	theme	relative	1478:1485	arg1	region					1471:1476	the superficial region	1455:1476	the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue	1455:1516	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	3	5	theme	different	740:748	arg1	stages					750:755	different stages	740:755	different stages of postnatal development and maturation	740:795	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	9	6	theme	articular	1735:1743	arg1	cartilage					1745:1753	articular cartilage	1735:1753	articular cartilage	1735:1753	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	7	7	theme	superficial	1459:1469	arg1	region					1471:1476	the superficial region	1455:1476	the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue	1455:1516	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	3	8	theme	maturation	786:795	arg1	stages					750:755	different stages	740:755	different stages of postnatal development and maturation	740:795	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	6	9	from	removal	1130:1136	arg1	cartilage					1185:1193	skeletally mature cartilage	1167:1193	skeletally mature cartilage	1167:1193	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	3	10	theme	osteochondral	572:584	arg1	cores					586:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores	556:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores	556:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	1	11	theme	superficial	187:197	arg1	SR					207:208	SR	207:208	SR	207:208	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	1	11	theme	superficial	187:197	arg1	region					199:204	the superficial region	183:204	the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage	183:232	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	2	12	theme	maturity	546:553	arg1	attainment					523:532	the attainment	519:532	the attainment of skeletal maturity	519:553	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	3	13	theme	development	770:780	arg1	stages					750:755	different stages	740:755	different stages of postnatal development and maturation	740:795	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	3	14	theme	METHODS	556:562	arg1	cores					586:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores	556:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores	556:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	9	15	theme	structural	1774:1783	arg1	adaptation					1785:1794	dramatic structural adaptation	1765:1794	dramatic structural adaptation	1765:1794	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	4	16	theme	postnatal	948:956	arg1	development					958:968	postnatal development	948:968	postnatal development	948:968	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	5	17	theme	Articular	979:987	arg1	cartilage					989:997	RESULTS Articular cartilage	971:997	RESULTS Articular cartilage	971:997	RESULTS Articular cartilage was found to become stiffer and less permeable with age.
25680651	6	18	theme	dynamic	1084:1090	arg1	modulus					1092:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus	1056:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus	1056:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	7	19	from	decrease	1308:1315	arg1	content					1333:1339	overall sGAG content	1320:1339	overall sGAG content with age	1320:1348	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	2	20	with	impact	473:478	arg1	attainment					523:532	the attainment	519:532	the attainment of skeletal maturity	519:553	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	21	theme	dynamic	484:490	arg1	modulus					492:498	the dynamic modulus	480:498	the dynamic modulus of the tissue	480:512	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	0	22	theme	dynamic	63:69	arg1	properties					83:92	the dynamic compressive properties	59:92	the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage	59:115	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	9	23	theme	superficial	1713:1723	arg1	region					1725:1730	the superficial region	1709:1730	the superficial region of articular cartilage	1709:1753	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	9	24	theme	key	1828:1830	arg1	role					1832:1835	a key role	1826:1835	a key role	1826:1835	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	8	25	theme	Helium	1557:1562	arg1	HIM					1580:1582	HIM	1580:1582	HIM	1580:1582	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	8	25	theme	Helium	1557:1562	arg1	microscopy					1568:1577	Helium ion microscopy	1557:1577	Helium ion microscopy (HIM)	1557:1583	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	4	26	theme	novel	800:804	arg1	combination					806:816	A novel combination	798:816	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	798:868	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	2	27	theme	tissue	507:512	arg1	modulus					492:498	the dynamic modulus	480:498	the dynamic modulus of the tissue	480:512	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	0	28	theme	articular	97:105	arg1	cartilage					107:115	articular cartilage	97:115	articular cartilage	97:115	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	6	29	theme	superficial	1145:1155	arg1	region					1157:1162	the superficial region	1141:1162	the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage	1141:1193	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	2	30	theme	tissue	444:449	arg1	zone					432:435	this zone	427:435	this zone of the tissue	427:449	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	31	theme	articular	391:399	arg1	cartilage					401:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	1	32	theme	functional	273:282	arg1	properties					284:293	its functional properties	269:293	its functional properties	269:293	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	1	33	dep	development	250:260	arg1	impact					262:267	impact	262:267	impact	262:267	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	9	34	theme	compressive	1864:1874	arg1	properties					1876:1885	the dynamic compressive properties	1852:1885	the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue	1852:1899	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	3	35	theme	respective	667:676	arg1	regions					690:696	their respective superficial regions	661:696	their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression	661:735	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	4	36	theme	techniques	859:868	arg1	combination					806:816	A novel combination	798:816	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	798:868	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	7	37	theme	dry	1356:1358	arg1	weight					1360:1365	% dry weight	1354:1365	% dry weight	1354:1365	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	9	38	theme	tissue	1894:1899	arg1	properties					1876:1885	the dynamic compressive properties	1852:1885	the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue	1852:1899	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	0	39	theme	region	37:42	arg1	role					13:16	The changing role	0:16	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.	0:145	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	3	40	theme	confined	701:708	arg1	compression					725:735	confined and unconfined compression	701:735	confined and unconfined compression	701:735	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	2	41	theme	superficial	334:344	arg1	region					346:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	41	theme	superficial	334:344	arg1	present					360:366	present	360:366	present	360:366	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	8	42	theme	superficial	1638:1648	arg1	region					1650:1655	the superficial region	1634:1655	the superficial region	1634:1655	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	2	43	theme	skeletally	371:380	arg1	cartilage					401:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	1	44	theme	cartilage	224:232	arg1	SR					207:208	SR	207:208	SR	207:208	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	1	44	theme	cartilage	224:232	arg1	region					199:204	the superficial region	183:204	the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage	183:232	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	6	45	theme	mature	1178:1183	arg1	cartilage					1185:1193	skeletally mature cartilage	1167:1193	skeletally mature cartilage	1167:1193	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	1	46	theme	skeletal	241:248	arg1	development					250:260	skeletal development	241:260	skeletal development impact its functional properties	241:293	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	7	47	theme	overall	1320:1326	arg1	content					1333:1339	overall sGAG content	1320:1339	overall sGAG content with age	1320:1348	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	3	48	theme	unconfined	714:723	arg1	compression					725:735	confined and unconfined compression	701:735	confined and unconfined compression	701:735	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	7	49	theme	tissue	1511:1516	arg1	remainder					1494:1502	the remainder	1490:1502	the remainder of the tissue	1490:1516	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	4	50	theme	superficial	922:932	arg1	region					934:939	the superficial region	918:939	the superficial region	918:939	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	3	51	theme	postnatal	760:768	arg1	development					770:780	development	770:780	development	770:780	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	2	52	from	present	360:366	arg1	cartilage					401:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	3	53	theme	Porcine	564:570	arg1	cores					586:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores	556:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores	556:590	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	9	54	theme	cartilage	1745:1753	arg1	region					1725:1730	the superficial region	1709:1730	the superficial region of articular cartilage	1709:1753	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	7	55	theme	region	1471:1476	arg1	composition					1440:1450	the composition	1436:1450	the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue	1436:1516	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	0	56	theme	postnatal	124:132	arg1	development					134:144	postnatal development	124:144	postnatal development	124:144	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	2	57	theme	skeletal	537:544	arg1	maturity					546:553	skeletal maturity	537:553	skeletal maturity	537:553	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	5	58	with	permeable	1036:1044	arg1	age					1051:1053	age	1051:1053	age	1051:1053	RESULTS Articular cartilage was found to become stiffer and less permeable with age.
25680651	9	59	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1667:1677	arg1	demonstrate					1692:1702	demonstrate	1692:1702	demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue	1692:1899	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	5	60	theme	RESULTS	971:977	arg1	cartilage					989:997	RESULTS Articular cartilage	971:997	RESULTS Articular cartilage	971:997	RESULTS Articular cartilage was found to become stiffer and less permeable with age.
25680651	2	61	located	present	360:366	arg1	cartilage					401:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	61	located	present	360:366	arg2	present					360:366	present	360:366	present	360:366	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	61	located	present	360:366	arg2	region					346:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	5	62	dep	less	1031:1034	arg1	permeable					1036:1044	permeable	1036:1044	permeable	1036:1044	RESULTS Articular cartilage was found to become stiffer and less permeable with age.
25680651	7	63	theme	significant	1296:1306	arg1	decrease					1308:1315	a significant decrease	1294:1315	a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight)	1294:1366	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	8	64	with	organization	1618:1629	arg1	age					1662:1664	age	1662:1664	age	1662:1664	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	6	65	theme	unconfined	1073:1082	arg1	modulus					1092:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus	1056:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus	1056:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	8	66	theme	region	1650:1655	arg1	organization					1618:1629	the organization	1614:1629	the organization of the superficial region with age	1614:1664	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	0	67	theme	compressive	71:81	arg1	properties					83:92	the dynamic compressive properties	59:92	the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage	59:115	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	6	68	theme	confined	1060:1067	arg1	modulus					1092:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus	1056:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus	1056:1098	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	9	69	theme	dramatic	1765:1772	arg1	adaptation					1785:1794	dramatic structural adaptation	1765:1794	dramatic structural adaptation	1765:1794	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	8	70	theme	ion	1564:1566	arg1	HIM					1580:1582	HIM	1580:1582	HIM	1580:1582	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	8	70	theme	ion	1564:1566	arg1	microscopy					1568:1577	Helium ion microscopy	1557:1577	Helium ion microscopy (HIM)	1557:1583	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	7	71	theme	Biochemical	1264:1274	arg1	analysis					1276:1283	Biochemical analysis	1264:1283	Biochemical analysis	1264:1283	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	0	72	theme	cartilage	107:115	arg1	properties					83:92	the dynamic compressive properties	59:92	the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage	59:115	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	6	73	theme	region	1157:1162	arg1	removal					1130:1136	removal	1130:1136	removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage	1130:1193	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	0	74	theme	changing	4:11	arg1	role					13:16	The changing role	0:16	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.	0:145	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	9	75	theme	dynamic	1856:1862	arg1	properties					1876:1885	the dynamic compressive properties	1852:1885	the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue	1852:1899	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	8	76	theme	dramatic	1594:1601	arg1	changes					1603:1609	dramatic changes	1594:1609	dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age	1594:1664	Helium ion microscopy (HIM) revealed dramatic changes to the organization of the superficial region with age.
25680651	2	77	theme	immature	382:389	arg1	cartilage					401:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	skeletally immature articular cartilage	371:409	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	78	theme	zone	432:435	arg1	removal					416:422	removal	416:422	removal of this zone of the tissue	416:449	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	9	79	with	adaptation	1785:1794	arg1	age					1801:1803	age	1801:1803	age	1801:1803	CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that the superficial region of articular cartilage undergoes dramatic structural adaptation with age, which in turn plays a key role in determining the dynamic compressive properties of the tissue.
25680651	0	80	theme	superficial	25:35	arg1	region					37:42	the superficial region	21:42	the superficial region	21:42	The changing role of the superficial region in determining the dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilage during postnatal development.
25680651	7	81	theme	%	1354:1354	arg1	weight					1360:1365	% dry weight	1354:1365	% dry weight	1354:1365	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	7	82	theme	collagen	1376:1383	arg1	content					1385:1391	collagen content	1376:1391	collagen content	1376:1391	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	4	83	theme	imaging	851:857	arg1	techniques					859:868	histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	821:868	histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	821:868	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	6	84	theme	significant	1206:1216	arg1	change					1218:1223	no significant change	1203:1223	no significant change	1203:1223	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	2	85	from	cartilage	401:409	arg1	region					346:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	85	from	cartilage	401:409	arg1	present					360:366	present	360:366	present	360:366	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	6	86	located	observed	1229:1236	arg2	change					1218:1223	no significant change	1203:1223	no significant change	1203:1223	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	6	86	located	observed	1229:1236	arg1	tissue					1256:1261	the 4 week old tissue	1241:1261	the 4 week old tissue	1241:1261	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25680651	3	87	theme	superficial	678:688	arg1	regions					690:696	their respective superficial regions	661:696	their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression	661:735	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	4	88	theme	histological	821:832	arg1	techniques					859:868	histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	821:868	histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	821:868	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	2	89	theme	functional	323:332	arg1	region					346:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	a functional superficial region	321:351	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	2	89	theme	functional	323:332	arg1	present					360:366	present	360:366	present	360:366	It was hypothesised that a functional superficial region is not present in skeletally immature articular cartilage, and removal of this zone of the tissue would only negatively impact the dynamic modulus of the tissue with the attainment of skeletal maturity.
25680651	1	90	theme	articular	214:222	arg1	cartilage					224:232	articular cartilage	214:232	articular cartilage	214:232	OBJECTIVE To explore how changes to the superficial region (SR) of articular cartilage during skeletal development impact its functional properties.
25680651	7	91	theme	sGAG	1328:1331	arg1	content					1333:1339	overall sGAG content	1320:1339	overall sGAG content with age	1320:1348	Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in overall sGAG content with age (as % dry weight), whilst collagen content significantly increased with age, although the composition of the superficial region relative to the remainder of the tissue did not significantly change with age.
25680651	3	92	from	regions	690:696	arg1	compression					725:735	confined and unconfined compression	701:735	confined and unconfined compression	701:735	METHODS Porcine osteochondral cores were mechanically tested statically and dynamically with and without their respective superficial regions in confined and unconfined compression at different stages of postnatal development and maturation.
25680651	4	93	theme	biochemical	835:845	arg1	techniques					859:868	histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	821:868	histological, biochemical and imaging techniques	821:868	A novel combination of histological, biochemical and imaging techniques were utilised to accurately describe changes to the superficial region during postnatal development.
25680651	6	94	from	cartilage	1185:1193	arg1	removal					1130:1136	removal	1130:1136	removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage	1130:1193	The confined and unconfined dynamic modulus significantly decreased after removal of the superficial region in skeletally mature cartilage, whilst no significant change was observed in the 4 week old tissue.
25051162	0	0	theme	organisms	84:92	arg1	metabolism					43:52	the metabolism	39:52	the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs)	39:99	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	5	1	theme	glycogen	1009:1016	arg1	production					1018:1027	glycogen production	1009:1027	glycogen production	1009:1027	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	6	2	theme	growth	1422:1427	arg1	data					1385:1388	the experimental data	1368:1388	the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth	1368:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	3	3	theme	uptake	730:735	arg1	rate					737:740	the acetate uptake rate	718:740	the acetate uptake rate	718:740	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	0	4	theme	accumulating	71:82	arg1	PAOs					95:98	PAOs	95:98	PAOs	95:98	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	0	4	theme	accumulating	71:82	arg1	organisms					84:92	polyphosphate accumulating organisms	57:92	polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs)	57:99	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	0	5	from	effect	4:9	arg1	metabolism					43:52	the metabolism	39:52	the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs)	39:99	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	8	6	theme	influent	1734:1741	arg1	fraction					1718:1725	the propionate fraction	1703:1725	the propionate fraction of the influent	1703:1741	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	8	6	theme	influent	1734:1741	arg1	low					1757:1759	low	1757:1759	low	1757:1759	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	6	7	theme	experimental	1372:1383	arg1	data					1385:1388	the experimental data	1368:1388	the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth	1368:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	2	8	theme	PAOs	491:494	arg1	kinetics					479:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics	453:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	453:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	2	9	from	impact	410:415	arg1	kinetics					479:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics	453:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	453:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	2	10	theme	enrichment	535:544	arg1	performance					509:519	the EBPR performance	500:519	the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	500:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	2	10	theme	enrichment	535:544	arg1	PAOs					491:494	PAOs	491:494	PAOs	491:494	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	8	11	theme	propionate	1601:1610	arg1	kinetics					1619:1626	the propionate uptake kinetics	1597:1626	the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs	1597:1634	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	3	12	theme	propionate	772:781	arg1	concentration					783:795	propionate concentration	772:795	propionate concentration	772:795	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	7	13	theme	low	1434:1436	arg1	consumption					1447:1457	The low glycogen consumption	1430:1457	The low glycogen consumption observed	1430:1466	The low glycogen consumption observed suggest that some reducing equivalents were generated anaerobically through the TCA cycle.
25051162	1	14	attach	present	128:134	arg1	wastewater					143:152	the wastewater	139:152	the wastewater	139:152	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	14	attach	present	128:134	arg2	factor					161:166	one factor	157:166	one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	157:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	14	attach	present	128:134	arg2	type					106:109	The type	102:109	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater	102:152	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	2	15	theme	PAO	531:533	arg1	enrichment					535:544	an 85% PAO enrichment	524:544	an 85% PAO enrichment	524:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	5	16	theme	calibration	1232:1242	arg1	procedure					1244:1252	the calibration procedure	1228:1252	the calibration procedure for metabolic models	1228:1273	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	3	17	theme	acetate	722:728	arg1	rate					737:740	the acetate uptake rate	718:740	the acetate uptake rate	718:740	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	4	18	theme	metabolic	867:875	arg1	model					877:881	The metabolic model	863:881	The metabolic model for PAOs	863:890	The metabolic model for PAOs was modified to incorporate the anaerobic substrate competition effect.
25051162	1	19	theme	enhanced	327:334	arg1	process					373:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	20	from	present	128:134	arg1	wastewater					143:152	the wastewater	139:152	the wastewater	139:152	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	3	21	theme	substrate	809:817	arg1	competition					819:829	the substrate competition	805:829	the substrate competition between acetate and propionate	805:860	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	2	22	theme	aerobic	471:477	arg1	kinetics					479:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics	453:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	453:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	1	23	theme	biological	336:345	arg1	process					373:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	6	24	theme	aerobic	1334:1340	arg1	activity					1342:1349	the anaerobic and aerobic activity	1316:1349	the anaerobic and aerobic activity	1316:1349	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	7	25	theme	reducing	1486:1493	arg1	equivalents					1495:1505	some reducing equivalents	1481:1505	some reducing equivalents	1481:1505	The low glycogen consumption observed suggest that some reducing equivalents were generated anaerobically through the TCA cycle.
25051162	3	26	theme	due	798:800	arg1	concentration					783:795	propionate concentration	772:795	propionate concentration	772:795	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	4	27	theme	substrate	934:942	arg1	effect					956:961	the anaerobic substrate competition effect	920:961	the anaerobic substrate competition effect	920:961	The metabolic model for PAOs was modified to incorporate the anaerobic substrate competition effect.
25051162	1	28	theme	phosphorus	347:356	arg1	process					373:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	3	29	theme	uptake	660:665	arg1	rate					667:670	a constant uptake rate	649:670	a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h)	649:709	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	5	30	theme	metabolic	1258:1266	arg1	models					1268:1273	metabolic models	1258:1273	metabolic models	1258:1273	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	6	31	theme	biomass	1414:1420	arg1	growth					1422:1427	biomass growth	1414:1427	biomass growth	1414:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	4	32	theme	anaerobic	924:932	arg1	effect					956:961	the anaerobic substrate competition effect	920:961	the anaerobic substrate competition effect	920:961	The metabolic model for PAOs was modified to incorporate the anaerobic substrate competition effect.
25051162	1	33	theme	glycogen	252:259	arg1	organisms					274:282	glycogen accumulating organisms	252:282	glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO)	252:288	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	33	theme	glycogen	252:259	arg1	GAO					285:287	GAO	285:287	GAO	285:287	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	5	34	theme	concentration	1201:1213	arg1	independent					1159:1169	independent	1159:1169	independent	1159:1169	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	0	35	theme	substrate	14:22	arg1	competition					24:34	substrate competition	14:34	substrate competition	14:34	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	1	36	theme	accumulating	261:272	arg1	organisms					274:282	glycogen accumulating organisms	252:282	glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO)	252:288	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	36	theme	accumulating	261:272	arg1	GAO					285:287	GAO	285:287	GAO	285:287	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	2	37	theme	performance	509:519	arg1	kinetics					479:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics	453:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	453:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	5	38	dep	acetate	1178:1184	arg1	the					1174:1176	the	1174:1176	the	1174:1176	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	6	39	theme	PHA	1406:1408	arg1	data					1385:1388	the experimental data	1368:1388	the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth	1368:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	4	40	theme	competition	944:954	arg1	effect					956:961	the anaerobic substrate competition effect	920:961	the anaerobic substrate competition effect	920:961	The metabolic model for PAOs was modified to incorporate the anaerobic substrate competition effect.
25051162	5	41	theme	same	1089:1092	arg1	range					1094:1098	the same range	1085:1098	the same range for all tests	1085:1112	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	2	42	theme	EBPR	504:507	arg1	performance					509:519	the EBPR performance	500:519	the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	500:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	1	43	theme	removal	358:364	arg1	process					373:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	3	44	from	increase	760:767	arg1	concentration					783:795	propionate concentration	772:795	propionate concentration	772:795	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	2	45	theme	composition	438:448	arg1	impact					410:415	the impact	406:415	the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	406:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	3	46	theme	constant	651:658	arg1	rate					667:670	a constant uptake rate	649:670	a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h)	649:709	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	5	47	theme	phosphorus	986:995	arg1	uptake					1001:1006	phosphorus (P) uptake	986:1006	phosphorus (P) uptake	986:1006	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	6	48	theme	HAc	1393:1395	arg1	data					1385:1388	the experimental data	1368:1388	the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth	1368:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	0	49	theme	competition	24:34	arg1	effect					4:9	The effect	0:9	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).	0:100	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	2	50	theme	source	431:436	arg1	composition					438:448	the carbon source composition	420:448	the carbon source composition	420:448	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	1	51	theme	EBPR	367:370	arg1	process					373:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	323:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	2	52	theme	carbon	424:429	arg1	composition					438:448	the carbon source composition	420:448	the carbon source composition	420:448	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	3	53	theme	C-mol	694:698	arg1	0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/					675:692	0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/	675:692	0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h)	675:709	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	3	53	theme	C-mol	694:698	arg1	biomass·h					700:708	C-mol biomass·h	694:708	C-mol biomass·h	694:708	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	2	54	theme	%	529:529	arg1	enrichment					535:544	an 85% PAO enrichment	524:544	an 85% PAO enrichment	524:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	5	55	theme	P	998:998	arg1	uptake					1001:1006	phosphorus (P) uptake	986:1006	phosphorus (P) uptake	986:1006	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	6	56	theme	metabolic	1280:1288	arg1	model					1290:1294	The metabolic model	1276:1294	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity	1276:1349	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	6	57	theme	P	1403:1403	arg1	data					1385:1388	the experimental data	1368:1388	the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth	1368:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	5	58	theme	polyhydroxyalkanoates	1033:1053	arg1	degradation					1061:1071	polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation	1033:1071	polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation	1033:1071	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	6	59	theme	anaerobic	1320:1328	arg1	activity					1342:1349	the anaerobic and aerobic activity	1316:1349	the anaerobic and aerobic activity	1316:1349	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	2	60	theme	85	527:528	arg1	%					529:529	%	529:529	%	529:529	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	1	61	theme	process	373:379	arg1	efficiency					309:318	the efficiency	305:318	the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	305:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	8	62	theme	propionate	1707:1716	arg1	fraction					1718:1725	the propionate fraction	1703:1725	the propionate fraction of the influent	1703:1741	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	8	62	theme	propionate	1707:1716	arg1	low					1757:1759	low	1757:1759	low	1757:1759	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	8	63	theme	uptake	1612:1617	arg1	kinetics					1619:1626	the propionate uptake kinetics	1597:1626	the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs	1597:1634	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	8	64	theme	EBPR	1679:1682	arg1	systems					1684:1690	EBPR systems	1679:1690	EBPR systems	1679:1690	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
25051162	3	65	theme	0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/	675:692	arg1	rate					667:670	a constant uptake rate	649:670	a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h)	649:709	When both acetate (HAc) and propionate (HPr) were present, propionate was depleted more quickly, with a constant uptake rate of 0.18 ± 0.02 C-mol/(C-mol biomass·h), while the acetate uptake rate decreased with an increase in propionate concentration, due to the substrate competition between acetate and propionate.
25051162	6	66	theme	HPr	1398:1400	arg1	data					1385:1388	the experimental data	1368:1388	the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth	1368:1427	The metabolic model applied to describe the anaerobic and aerobic activity agreed well with the experimental data of HAc, HPr, P, PHA and biomass growth.
25051162	5	67	theme	acetate	1178:1184	arg1	concentration					1201:1213	the acetate and propionate concentration	1174:1213	the acetate and propionate concentration	1174:1213	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	7	68	theme	TCA	1548:1550	arg1	cycle					1552:1556	the TCA cycle	1544:1556	the TCA cycle	1544:1556	The low glycogen consumption observed suggest that some reducing equivalents were generated anaerobically through the TCA cycle.
25051162	5	69	theme	aerobic	968:974	arg1	rates					976:980	The aerobic rates	964:980	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation	964:1071	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	1	70	theme	carbon	114:119	arg1	source					121:126	carbon source	114:126	carbon source	114:126	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	71	theme	polyphosphate	205:217	arg1	PAO					243:245	PAO	243:245	PAO	243:245	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	71	theme	polyphosphate	205:217	arg1	organisms					232:240	polyphosphate accumulating organisms	205:240	polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO)	205:246	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	0	72	theme	polyphosphate	57:69	arg1	PAOs					95:98	PAOs	95:98	PAOs	95:98	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	0	72	theme	polyphosphate	57:69	arg1	organisms					84:92	polyphosphate accumulating organisms	57:92	polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs)	57:99	The effect of substrate competition on the metabolism of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs).
25051162	7	73	theme	glycogen	1438:1445	arg1	consumption					1447:1457	The low glycogen consumption	1430:1457	The low glycogen consumption observed	1430:1466	The low glycogen consumption observed suggest that some reducing equivalents were generated anaerobically through the TCA cycle.
25051162	1	74	theme	source	121:126	arg1	factor					161:166	one factor	157:166	one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	157:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	74	theme	source	121:126	arg1	type					106:109	The type	102:109	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater	102:152	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	5	75	theme	propionate	1190:1199	arg1	concentration					1201:1213	the acetate and propionate concentration	1174:1213	the acetate and propionate concentration	1174:1213	The aerobic rates for phosphorus (P) uptake, glycogen production and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) degradation were within the same range for all tests, indicating that these rates are essentially independent of the acetate and propionate concentration, simplifying the calibration procedure for metabolic models.
25051162	1	76	theme	accumulating	219:230	arg1	PAO					243:245	PAO	243:245	PAO	243:245	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	76	theme	accumulating	219:230	arg1	organisms					232:240	polyphosphate accumulating organisms	205:240	polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO)	205:246	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	2	77	theme	anaerobic	457:465	arg1	kinetics					479:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics	453:486	the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment	453:544	This study investigated the impact of the carbon source composition on the anaerobic and aerobic kinetics of PAOs and the EBPR performance of an 85% PAO enrichment.
25051162	1	78	from	wastewater	143:152	arg1	present					128:134	present	128:134	present	128:134	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	79	theme	present	128:134	arg1	factor					161:166	one factor	157:166	one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process	157:379	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	1	79	theme	present	128:134	arg1	type					106:109	The type	102:109	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater	102:152	The type of carbon source present in the wastewater is one factor that affects the competition between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO) and glycogen accumulating organisms (GAO) and therefore, the efficiency of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process.
25051162	8	80	theme	work	1579:1582	arg1	results					1563:1569	The results	1559:1569	The results of this work	1559:1582	The results of this work suggest that the propionate uptake kinetics by PAOs can provide them an advantage over GAOs in EBPR systems, even when the propionate fraction of the influent is relatively low.
28078750	7	0	theme	gas	1519:1521	arg1	volume					1509:1514	the volume	1505:1514	the volume of gas evacuated	1505:1531	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	4	1	theme	daytime	793:799	arg1	evacuations					805:815	daytime gas evacuations	793:815	daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition	793:965	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	7	2	dep	=	1536:1536	arg1	-0.52					1538:1542	-0.52	1538:1542	-0.52	1538:1542	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	4	3	theme	faecal	970:975	arg1	sequencing					992:1001	faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	970:1001	faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	970:1001	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	5	4	theme	test	1215:1218	arg1	meal					1220:1223	the test meal	1211:1223	the test meal	1211:1223	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	4	5	from	end	607:609	arg1	periods					551:557	3-day periods	545:557	3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	545:1001	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	8	6	theme	associated	1708:1717	arg1	issues					1719:1724	associated issues	1708:1724	associated issues	1708:1724	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	5	7	dep	mL	1235:1236	arg1	pre-administration					1254:1271	pre-administration	1254:1271	pre-administration	1254:1271	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	4	8	theme	evacuations	805:815	arg1	end					607:609	the end	603:609	the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition	603:965	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	7	9	theme	butyrate	1442:1449	arg1	Lachnospiraceae					1462:1476	Lachnospiraceae	1462:1476	Lachnospiraceae	1462:1476	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	7	9	theme	butyrate	1442:1449	arg1	producers					1451:1459	butyrate producers	1442:1459	butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae)	1442:1477	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	6	10	theme	mL	1389:1390	arg1	evacuation					1396:1405	169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation	1380:1405	169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation	1380:1405	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	4	11	theme	low	671:673	arg1	diet					681:684	low fibre diet	671:684	low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods	671:734	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	0	12	dep	proof-of-concept-study	73:94	arg1	adaptation					10:19	Metabolic adaptation	0:19	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides	0:68	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides: a proof-of-concept-study.
28078750	6	13	theme	administration	1312:1325	arg1	weeks					1303:1307	3 weeks	1301:1307	3 weeks of administration	1301:1325	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	8	14	from	metabolism	1668:1677	arg1	adaptation					1609:1618	an adaptation	1606:1618	an adaptation	1606:1618	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	4	15	theme	MiSeq	986:990	arg1	sequencing					992:1001	faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	970:1001	faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	970:1001	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	8	16	theme	microbiota	1635:1644	arg1	activity					1646:1653	the colonic microbiota activity	1623:1653	the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism	1623:1677	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	8	17	dep	CONCLUSION	1556:1565	arg1	induces					1598:1604	induces	1598:1604	induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues	1598:1724	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	5	18	theme	anal	1102:1105	arg1	evacuations					1111:1121	daily anal gas evacuations	1096:1121	daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001)	1096:1171	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	18	theme	anal	1102:1105	arg1	±					1127:1127	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	±	1127:1127	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	18	theme	anal	1102:1105	arg1	pre-administration					1142:1159	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	pre-administration	1142:1159	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	1	19	theme	functional	181:190	arg1	disorders					196:204	functional gut disorders	181:204	functional gut disorders	181:204	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
28078750	6	20	dep	diminished	1342:1351	arg1	evacuations					1367:1377	11 ± 2 daily evacuations	1354:1377	11 ± 2 daily evacuations	1354:1377	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	4	21	theme	event	843:847	arg1	marker					849:854	an event marker	840:854	an event marker	840:854	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	3	22	dep	METHODS	402:408	arg1	n					428:428	n = 20	428:433	n = 20	428:433	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	22	dep	METHODS	402:408	arg1	subjects					418:425	Healthy subjects	410:425	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20)	402:434	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	5	23	theme	evacuations	1111:1121	arg1	number					1086:1091	the number	1082:1091	the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001)	1082:1171	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	23	theme	evacuations	1111:1121	arg1	volume					1181:1186	the volume	1177:1186	the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal	1177:1223	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	1	24	with	patients	167:174	arg1	disorders					196:204	functional gut disorders	181:204	functional gut disorders	181:204	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
28078750	4	25	theme	high	719:722	arg1	foods					730:734	high fibre foods	719:734	high fibre foods	719:734	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	1	26	theme	BACKGROUND	97:106	arg1	Prebiotics					108:117	BACKGROUND Prebiotics	97:117	BACKGROUND Prebiotics	97:117	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
28078750	4	27	theme	rectal	892:897	arg1	tube					899:902	a rectal tube	890:902	a rectal tube	890:902	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	28	from	beginning	586:594	arg1	periods					551:557	3-day periods	545:557	3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	545:1001	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	5	29	theme	<	1164:1164	arg1	P					1162:1162	P < 0.001	1162:1170	P < 0.001	1162:1170	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	0	30	theme	Metabolic	0:8	arg1	adaptation					10:19	Metabolic adaptation	0:19	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides	0:68	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides: a proof-of-concept-study.
28078750	6	31	dep	evacuations	1367:1377	arg1	evacuation					1396:1405	169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation	1380:1405	169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation	1380:1405	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	9	32	theme	trials.gov	1736:1745	arg1	NCT02618239					1747:1757	Clinical trials.gov NCT02618239	1727:1757	Clinical trials.gov NCT02618239.	1727:1758	Clinical trials.gov NCT02618239.
28078750	4	33	theme	gas	872:874	arg1	marker					849:854	an event marker	840:854	an event marker	840:854	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	33	theme	gas	872:874	arg1	composition					955:965	(iii) microbiota composition	938:965	(iii) microbiota composition	938:965	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	33	theme	gas	872:874	arg1	volume					862:867	(ii) volume	857:867	(ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal	857:931	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	34	theme	following	745:753	arg1	outcomes					755:762	the following outcomes	741:762	the following outcomes	741:762	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	0	35	theme	microbiota	32:41	arg1	adaptation					10:19	Metabolic adaptation	0:19	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides	0:68	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides: a proof-of-concept-study.
28078750	2	36	theme	microbiota	356:365	arg1	activity					340:347	the metabolic activity	326:347	the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic	326:399	AIM To investigate changes in the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic.
28078750	4	37	theme	foods	730:734	arg1	portion					708:714	one portion	704:714	one portion of high fibre foods	704:734	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	7	38	theme	relative	1420:1427	arg1	abundance					1429:1437	relative abundance	1420:1437	relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae)	1420:1477	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	3	39	dep	prebiotic	449:457	arg1	g/day					464:468	2.8 g/day HOST-G904	460:478	2.8 g/day HOST-G904	460:478	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	39	dep	prebiotic	449:457	arg1	Jersey					500:505	Jersey	500:505	Jersey	500:505	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	39	dep	prebiotic	449:457	arg1	Islands					516:522	Channel Islands	508:522	Channel Islands	508:522	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	39	dep	prebiotic	449:457	arg1	Therabiomics					486:497	HOST Therabiomics	481:497	HOST Therabiomics	481:497	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	2	40	theme	recognised	380:389	arg1	prebiotic					391:399	a recognised prebiotic	378:399	a recognised prebiotic	378:399	AIM To investigate changes in the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic.
28078750	8	41	theme	bacterial	1658:1666	arg1	metabolism					1668:1677	bacterial metabolism	1658:1677	bacterial metabolism	1658:1677	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	5	42	theme	administration	1032:1045	arg1	beginning					1019:1027	the beginning	1015:1027	the beginning of administration, HOST-G904	1015:1056	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	43	dep	±	1127:1127	arg1	P					1162:1162	P < 0.001	1162:1170	P < 0.001	1162:1170	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	4	44	theme	3-day	545:549	arg1	periods					551:557	3-day periods	545:557	3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	545:1001	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	5	45	theme	236	1226:1228	arg1	±					1230:1230	±	1230:1230	±	1230:1230	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	1	46	theme	gas-related	274:284	arg1	symptoms					286:293	gas-related symptoms	274:293	gas-related symptoms	274:293	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
28078750	8	47	from	adaptation	1609:1618	arg1	metabolism					1668:1677	bacterial metabolism	1658:1677	bacterial metabolism	1658:1677	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	5	48	from	beginning	1019:1027	arg1	RESULTS					1004:1010	RESULTS	1004:1010	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904	1004:1056	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	49	theme	23	1232:1233	arg1	±					1230:1230	±	1230:1230	±	1230:1230	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	3	50	theme	Channel	508:514	arg1	g/day					464:468	2.8 g/day HOST-G904	460:478	2.8 g/day HOST-G904	460:478	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	50	theme	Channel	508:514	arg1	Islands					516:522	Channel Islands	508:522	Channel Islands	508:522	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	1	51	theme	gut	192:194	arg1	disorders					196:204	functional gut disorders	181:204	functional gut disorders	181:204	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
28078750	5	52	dep	=	1276:1276	arg1	mL					1251:1252	160 ± 17 mL	1242:1252	160 ± 17 mL	1242:1252	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	52	dep	=	1276:1276	arg1	mL					1235:1236	236 ± 23 mL	1226:1236	236 ± 23 mL	1226:1236	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	4	53	theme	Illumina	977:984	arg1	sequencing					992:1001	faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	970:1001	faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing	970:1001	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	2	54	theme	metabolic	330:338	arg1	activity					340:347	the metabolic activity	326:347	the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic	326:399	AIM To investigate changes in the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic.
28078750	4	55	theme	administration	618:631	arg1	subjects					633:640	the administration subjects	614:640	the administration subjects	614:640	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	8	56	theme	substrates	1587:1596	arg1	availability					1571:1582	The availability	1567:1582	The availability of substrates	1567:1596	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	4	57	theme	microbiota	944:953	arg1	composition					955:965	(iii) microbiota composition	938:965	(iii) microbiota composition	938:965	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	2	58	theme	gut	352:354	arg1	microbiota					356:365	gut microbiota	352:365	gut microbiota	352:365	AIM To investigate changes in the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic.
28078750	8	59	from	activity	1646:1653	arg1	metabolism					1668:1677	bacterial metabolism	1658:1677	bacterial metabolism	1658:1677	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	4	60	dep	volume	862:867	arg1	ii					858:859	ii	858:859	ii	858:859	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	61	theme	gas	801:803	arg1	evacuations					805:815	daytime gas evacuations	793:815	daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition	793:965	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	6	62	theme	gas	1392:1394	arg1	evacuation					1396:1405	169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation	1380:1405	169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation	1380:1405	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	4	63	theme	standard	656:663	arg1	diet					665:668	a standard diet	654:668	a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods)	654:735	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	8	64	theme	colonic	1627:1633	arg1	activity					1646:1653	the colonic microbiota activity	1623:1653	the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism	1623:1677	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	1	65	theme	abdominal	145:153	arg1	symptoms					155:162	abdominal symptoms	145:162	abdominal symptoms	145:162	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
28078750	7	66	theme	producers	1451:1459	arg1	abundance					1429:1437	relative abundance	1420:1437	relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae)	1420:1477	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	8	67	theme	activity	1646:1653	arg1	adaptation					1609:1618	an adaptation	1606:1618	an adaptation	1606:1618	CONCLUSION The availability of substrates induces an adaptation of the colonic microbiota activity in bacterial metabolism, which produces less gas and associated issues.
28078750	5	68	theme	daily	1096:1100	arg1	evacuations					1111:1121	daily anal gas evacuations	1096:1121	daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001)	1096:1171	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	68	theme	daily	1096:1100	arg1	±					1127:1127	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	±	1127:1127	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	68	theme	daily	1096:1100	arg1	pre-administration					1142:1159	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	pre-administration	1142:1159	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	4	69	dep	evacuations	805:815	arg1	number					783:788	number	783:788	number	783:788	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	69	dep	evacuations	805:815	arg1	measured					769:776	measured	769:776	were measured	764:776	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	69	dep	evacuations	805:815	arg1	put					647:649	put	647:649	were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods)	642:735	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	70	dep	composition	955:965	arg1	iii					939:941	iii	939:941	iii	939:941	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	2	71	from	changes	315:321	arg1	activity					340:347	the metabolic activity	326:347	the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic	326:399	AIM To investigate changes in the metabolic activity of gut microbiota induced by a recognised prebiotic.
28078750	5	72	theme	gas	1107:1109	arg1	evacuations					1111:1121	daily anal gas evacuations	1096:1121	daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001)	1096:1171	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	72	theme	gas	1107:1109	arg1	±					1127:1127	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	±	1127:1127	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	72	theme	gas	1107:1109	arg1	pre-administration					1142:1159	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	pre-administration	1142:1159	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	7	73	dep	=	1547:1547	arg1	r					1534:1534	r	1534:1534	r = -0.52	1534:1542	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	6	74	theme	daily	1361:1365	arg1	evacuations					1367:1377	11 ± 2 daily evacuations	1354:1377	11 ± 2 daily evacuations	1354:1377	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	4	75	dep	put	647:649	arg1	i					780:780	i	780:780	i	780:780	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	6	76	theme	±	1357:1357	arg1	evacuations					1367:1377	11 ± 2 daily evacuations	1354:1377	11 ± 2 daily evacuations	1354:1377	However, after 3 weeks of administration, these effects diminished (11 ± 2 daily evacuations, 169 ± 23 mL gas evacuation).
28078750	3	77	theme	Healthy	410:416	arg1	n					428:428	n = 20	428:433	n = 20	428:433	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	77	theme	Healthy	410:416	arg1	subjects					418:425	Healthy subjects	410:425	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20)	402:434	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	5	78	theme	±	1246:1246	arg1	mL					1251:1252	160 ± 17 mL	1242:1252	160 ± 17 mL	1242:1252	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	9	79	theme	Clinical	1727:1734	arg1	NCT02618239					1747:1757	Clinical trials.gov NCT02618239	1727:1757	Clinical trials.gov NCT02618239.	1727:1758	Clinical trials.gov NCT02618239.
28078750	4	80	theme	fibre	675:679	arg1	diet					681:684	low fibre diet	671:684	low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods	671:734	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	0	81	theme	colonic	24:30	arg1	microbiota					32:41	colonic microbiota	24:41	colonic microbiota	24:41	Metabolic adaptation of colonic microbiota to galactooligosaccharides: a proof-of-concept-study.
28078750	4	82	dep	diet	665:668	arg1	diet					681:684	low fibre diet	671:684	low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods	671:734	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	5	83	theme	±	1138:1138	arg1	evacuations					1111:1121	daily anal gas evacuations	1096:1121	daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001)	1096:1171	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	83	theme	±	1138:1138	arg1	pre-administration					1142:1159	18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration	1124:1159	pre-administration	1142:1159	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	3	84	theme	=	430:430	arg1	n					428:428	n = 20	428:433	n = 20	428:433	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	84	theme	=	430:430	arg1	subjects					418:425	Healthy subjects	410:425	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20)	402:434	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	5	85	theme	gas	1191:1193	arg1	number					1086:1091	the number	1082:1091	the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001)	1082:1171	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	5	85	theme	gas	1191:1193	arg1	volume					1181:1186	the volume	1177:1186	the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal	1177:1223	RESULTS At the beginning of administration, HOST-G904 significantly increased the number of daily anal gas evacuations (18 ± 2 vs. 12 ± 1 pre-administration; P < 0.001) and the volume of gas evacuated after the test meal (236 ± 23 mL vs. 160 ± 17 mL pre-administration; P = 0.006).
28078750	3	86	theme	HOST	481:484	arg1	g/day					464:468	2.8 g/day HOST-G904	460:478	2.8 g/day HOST-G904	460:478	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	3	86	theme	HOST	481:484	arg1	Therabiomics					486:497	HOST Therabiomics	481:497	HOST Therabiomics	481:497	METHODS Healthy subjects (n = 20) were given a prebiotic (2.8 g/day HOST-G904, HOST Therabiomics, Jersey, Channel Islands) for 3 weeks.
28078750	7	87	theme	=	1536:1536	arg1	r					1534:1534	r	1534:1534	r = -0.52	1534:1542	At day 21, relative abundance of butyrate producers (Lachnospiraceae) correlated inversely with the volume of gas evacuated (r = -0.52; P = 0.02).
28078750	4	88	theme	test	923:926	arg1	meal					928:931	a test meal	921:931	a test meal	921:931	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	4	89	theme	fibre	724:728	arg1	foods					730:734	high fibre foods	719:734	high fibre foods	719:734	During 3-day periods immediately before, at the beginning and at the end of the administration subjects were put on a standard diet (low fibre diet supplemented with one portion of high fibre foods) and the following outcomes were measured: (i) number of daytime gas evacuations for 2 days by means of an event marker; (ii) volume of gas evacuated via a rectal tube during 4 h after a test meal; and (iii) microbiota composition by faecal Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
28078750	1	90	theme	colonic	242:248	arg1	bacteria					250:257	colonic bacteria	242:257	colonic bacteria	242:257	BACKGROUND Prebiotics have been shown to reduce abdominal symptoms in patients with functional gut disorders, despite that they are fermented by colonic bacteria and may induce gas-related symptoms.
25146936	7	0	contain	have	770:773	arg2	protein					836:842	up to 60% increased leaf protein	811:842	up to 60% increased leaf protein	811:842	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	0	contain	have	770:773	arg1	lines					749:753	Soybean T1 lines	738:753	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS	738:768	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	0	contain	have	770:773	arg2	starch					800:805	up to 80% decreased leaf starch	775:805	up to 80% decreased leaf starch	775:805	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	1	theme	less	907:910	arg1	oil					912:914	up to 13% less oil	897:914	up to 13% less oil	897:914	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	8	2	theme	agronomic	1132:1140	arg1	species					1142:1148	an agronomic species	1129:1148	an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago	1129:1212	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	5	3	dep	conserved	508:516	arg1	function					578:585	function	578:585	could function to impact composition in another species	572:626	We hypothesized QQS may be conserved in a feature other than primary sequence, and as such could function to impact composition in another species.
25146936	3	4	theme	gene	318:321	arg1	QQS					341:343	QQS	341:343	QQS	341:343	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	4	theme	gene	318:321	arg1	species					349:355	species	349:355	species	349:355	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	4	theme	gene	318:321	arg1	Starch					333:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch	293:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS)	293:344	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	4	theme	gene	318:321	arg1	specific					357:364	specific	357:364	specific	357:364	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	7	5	dep	80	781:782	arg1	to					778:779	to	778:779	to	778:779	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	6	theme	T4	845:846	arg1	seeds					859:863	T4 generation seeds	845:863	T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants	845:887	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	3	7	theme	Qua-Quine	323:331	arg1	QQS					341:343	QQS	341:343	QQS	341:343	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	7	theme	Qua-Quine	323:331	arg1	species					349:355	species	349:355	species	349:355	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	7	theme	Qua-Quine	323:331	arg1	Starch					333:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch	293:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS)	293:344	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	7	theme	Qua-Quine	323:331	arg1	specific					357:364	specific	357:364	specific	357:364	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	5	8	theme	impact	590:595	arg1	composition					597:607	impact composition	590:607	impact composition	590:607	We hypothesized QQS may be conserved in a feature other than primary sequence, and as such could function to impact composition in another species.
25146936	5	9	theme	primary	542:548	arg1	sequence					550:557	primary sequence	542:557	a feature other than primary sequence	521:557	We hypothesized QQS may be conserved in a feature other than primary sequence, and as such could function to impact composition in another species.
25146936	3	10	theme	Arabidopsis	297:307	arg1	QQS					341:343	QQS	341:343	QQS	341:343	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	10	theme	Arabidopsis	297:307	arg1	species					349:355	species	349:355	species	349:355	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	10	theme	Arabidopsis	297:307	arg1	Starch					333:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch	293:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS)	293:344	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	10	theme	Arabidopsis	297:307	arg1	specific					357:364	specific	357:364	specific	357:364	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	8	11	theme	species-specific	1072:1087	arg1	gene					1089:1092	this species-specific gene	1067:1092	this species-specific gene	1067:1092	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	7	12	theme	decreased	785:793	arg1	starch					800:805	up to 80% decreased leaf starch	775:805	up to 80% decreased leaf starch	775:805	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	13	theme	leaf	795:798	arg1	starch					800:805	up to 80% decreased leaf starch	775:805	up to 80% decreased leaf starch	775:805	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	14	dep	13	903:904	arg1	to					900:901	to	900:901	to	900:901	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	4	15	theme	carbon	433:438	arg1	partitioning					440:451	carbon partitioning	433:451	carbon partitioning to both starch and protein	433:478	Here, we show that altering QQS expression in Arabidopsis affects carbon partitioning to both starch and protein.
25146936	8	16	theme	allocation	1034:1043	arg1	modulator					1001:1009	a modulator	999:1009	a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation	999:1043	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	8	16	theme	allocation	1034:1043	arg1	concept					981:987	the concept	977:987	the concept of QQS	977:994	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	2	17	theme	functional	216:225	arg1	significance					227:238	the functional significance	212:238	the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes	212:290	Little is known about the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes.
25146936	0	18	theme	QQS	4:6	arg1	gene					15:18	The QQS orphan gene	0:18	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis	0:33	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis modulates carbon and nitrogen allocation in soybean.
25146936	3	19	dep	specific	357:364	arg1	species					349:355	species	349:355	species	349:355	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	19	dep	specific	357:364	arg1	Starch					333:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch	293:338	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS)	293:344	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	3	19	dep	specific	357:364	arg1	specific					357:364	specific	357:364	specific	357:364	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	7	20	theme	increased	821:829	arg1	protein					836:842	up to 60% increased leaf protein	811:842	up to 60% increased leaf protein	811:842	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	8	21	theme	million	1196:1202	arg1	years					1204:1208	100 million years	1192:1208	100 million years	1192:1208	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	1	22	theme	genes	141:145	arg1	genes					141:145	genes	141:145	genes that are uniquely present in that species	141:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	1	22	theme	genes	141:145	arg1	%					136:136	8%	135:136	8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species	135:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	1	23	attach	present	165:171	arg1	species					181:187	that species	176:187	that species	176:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	1	23	attach	present	165:171	arg2	genes					141:145	genes	141:145	genes that are uniquely present in that species	141:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	7	24	dep	%	783:783	arg1	80					781:782	80	781:782	80	781:782	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	2	25	theme	specific	267:274	arg1	genes					286:290	specific or orphan genes	267:290	genes	286:290	Little is known about the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes.
25146936	7	26	theme	T1	746:747	arg1	lines					749:753	Soybean T1 lines	738:753	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS	738:768	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	27	theme	leaf	831:834	arg1	protein					836:842	up to 60% increased leaf protein	811:842	up to 60% increased leaf protein	811:842	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	4	28	from	expression	399:408	arg1	Arabidopsis					413:423	Arabidopsis	413:423	Arabidopsis	413:423	Here, we show that altering QQS expression in Arabidopsis affects carbon partitioning to both starch and protein.
25146936	6	29	theme	ectopic	689:695	arg1	species					697:703	an ectopic species	686:703	an ectopic species	686:703	To test the potential of QQS in affecting composition in an ectopic species, we introduced QQS into soybean.
25146936	2	30	theme	species	259:265	arg1	significance					227:238	the functional significance	212:238	the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes	212:290	Little is known about the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes.
25146936	7	31	from	plants	882:887	arg1	seeds					859:863	T4 generation seeds	845:863	T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants	845:887	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	0	32	theme	orphan	8:13	arg1	gene					15:18	The QQS orphan gene	0:18	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis	0:33	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis modulates carbon and nitrogen allocation in soybean.
25146936	2	33	theme	so-called	249:257	arg1	species					259:265	these so-called species	243:265	these so-called species	243:265	Little is known about the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes.
25146936	8	34	theme	species	1142:1148	arg1	composition					1114:1124	the seed composition	1105:1124	the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago	1105:1212	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	0	35	theme	Arabidopsis	23:33	arg1	gene					15:18	The QQS orphan gene	0:18	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis	0:33	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis modulates carbon and nitrogen allocation in soybean.
25146936	7	36	dep	%	819:819	arg1	60					817:818	60	817:818	60	817:818	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	37	theme	Soybean	738:744	arg1	lines					749:753	Soybean T1 lines	738:753	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS	738:768	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	8	38	theme	nitrogen	1025:1032	arg1	allocation					1034:1043	carbon and nitrogen allocation	1014:1043	allocation	1034:1043	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	1	39	from	present	165:171	arg1	species					181:187	that species	176:187	that species	176:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	0	40	theme	carbon	45:50	arg1	allocation					65:74	carbon and nitrogen allocation	45:74	carbon and nitrogen allocation	45:74	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis modulates carbon and nitrogen allocation in soybean.
25146936	7	41	contain	contain	889:895	arg2	oil					912:914	up to 13% less oil	897:914	up to 13% less oil	897:914	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	41	contain	contain	889:895	arg1	seeds					859:863	T4 generation seeds	845:863	T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants	845:887	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	3	42	dep	Arabidopsis	297:307	arg1	thaliana					309:316	thaliana	309:316	thaliana	309:316	The Arabidopsis thaliana gene Qua-Quine Starch (QQS) is species specific.
25146936	4	43	theme	QQS	395:397	arg1	expression					399:408	QQS expression	395:408	QQS expression in Arabidopsis	395:423	Here, we show that altering QQS expression in Arabidopsis affects carbon partitioning to both starch and protein.
25146936	6	44	from	composition	671:681	arg1	species					697:703	an ectopic species	686:703	an ectopic species	686:703	To test the potential of QQS in affecting composition in an ectopic species, we introduced QQS into soybean.
25146936	7	45	dep	60	817:818	arg1	to					814:815	to	814:815	to	814:815	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	8	46	theme	seed	1109:1112	arg1	composition					1114:1124	the seed composition	1105:1124	the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago	1105:1212	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	7	47	theme	field-grown	870:880	arg1	plants					882:887	field-grown plants	870:887	field-grown plants	870:887	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	48	dep	starch	800:805	arg1	%					783:783	%	783:783	%	783:783	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	1	49	theme	species	107:113	arg1	genome					92:97	The genome	88:97	The genome of each species	88:113	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	7	50	dep	protein	836:842	arg1	%					819:819	%	819:819	%	819:819	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	8	51	theme	QQS	992:994	arg1	modulator					1001:1009	a modulator	999:1009	a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation	999:1043	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	8	51	theme	QQS	992:994	arg1	concept					981:987	the concept	977:987	the concept of QQS	977:994	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	1	52	from	species	181:187	arg1	present					165:171	present	165:171	present	165:171	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	2	53	theme	orphan	279:284	arg1	genes					286:290	specific or orphan genes	267:290	genes	286:290	Little is known about the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes.
25146936	5	54	dep	other	531:535	arg1	than					537:540	than	537:540	than	537:540	We hypothesized QQS may be conserved in a feature other than primary sequence, and as such could function to impact composition in another species.
25146936	0	55	theme	nitrogen	56:63	arg1	allocation					65:74	carbon and nitrogen allocation	45:74	carbon and nitrogen allocation	45:74	The QQS orphan gene of Arabidopsis modulates carbon and nitrogen allocation in soybean.
25146936	1	56	located	present	165:171	arg1	species					181:187	that species	176:187	that species	176:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	1	56	located	present	165:171	arg2	genes					141:145	genes	141:145	genes that are uniquely present in that species	141:187	The genome of each species contains as high as 8% of genes that are uniquely present in that species.
25146936	6	57	theme	QQS	654:656	arg1	potential					641:649	the potential	637:649	the potential of QQS	637:656	To test the potential of QQS in affecting composition in an ectopic species, we introduced QQS into soybean.
25146936	2	58	dep	significance	227:238	arg1	genes					286:290	specific or orphan genes	267:290	genes	286:290	Little is known about the functional significance of these so-called species specific or orphan genes.
25146936	8	59	theme	carbon	1014:1019	arg1	allocation					1034:1043	carbon and nitrogen allocation	1014:1043	allocation	1034:1043	These data broaden the concept of QQS as a modulator of carbon and nitrogen allocation, and demonstrate that this species-specific gene can affect the seed composition of an agronomic species thought to have diverged from Arabidopsis 100 million years ago.
25146936	7	60	theme	generation	848:857	arg1	seeds					859:863	T4 generation seeds	845:863	T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants	845:887	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
25146936	7	61	dep	18	953:954	arg1	to					950:951	to	950:951	to	950:951	Soybean T1 lines expressing QQS have up to 80% decreased leaf starch and up to 60% increased leaf protein; T4 generation seeds from field-grown plants contain up to 13% less oil, while protein is increased by up to 18%.
24790027	4	0	theme	junction-mediated	888:904	arg1	function					914:921	tight junction-mediated barrier function	882:921	tight junction-mediated barrier function	882:921	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	3	1	theme	epithelial	557:566	arg1	monolayers					573:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	2	2	from	protection	363:372	arg1	function					412:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	10	3	theme	cell	1808:1811	arg1	barrier					1813:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier	1778:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2	1778:1837	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	5	4	theme	TLR2	935:938	arg1	involvement					940:950	TLR2 involvement	935:950	TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans	935:989	To confirm TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans, ECIS experiments were repeated using TLR2 blocking antibody.
24790027	6	5	dep	attenuated	1195:1204	arg1	%					1217:1217	15.2 ± 8.8%	1207:1217	15.2 ± 8.8%	1207:1217	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	10	6	theme	intestinal	1786:1795	arg1	barrier					1813:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier	1778:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2	1778:1837	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	0	7	theme	length-dependent	127:142	arg1	manner					144:149	a chain length-dependent manner	119:149	a chain length-dependent manner	119:149	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	3	8	theme	different	635:643	arg1	compositions					658:669	different chain-length compositions	635:669	different chain-length compositions	635:669	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	8	9	theme	β2→1-fructans	1408:1420	arg1	effect					1386:1391	the protective effect	1371:1391	the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans	1371:1420	By blocking TLR2 on the T84 cells, the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans was substantially inhibited.
24790027	9	10	theme	human	1466:1470	arg1	kidney					1482:1487	human embryonic kidney	1466:1487	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	6	11	with	preincubation	1059:1071	arg1	β2→1-fructans					1103:1115	short-chain β2→1-fructans	1091:1115	short-chain β2→1-fructans	1091:1115	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	10	12	theme	T84	1782:1784	arg1	barrier					1813:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier	1778:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2	1778:1837	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	5	13	theme	ECIS	992:995	arg1	experiments					997:1007	ECIS experiments	992:1007	ECIS experiments	992:1007	To confirm TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans, ECIS experiments were repeated using TLR2 blocking antibody.
24790027	6	14	theme	short-chain	1091:1101	arg1	β2→1-fructans					1103:1115	short-chain β2→1-fructans	1091:1115	short-chain β2→1-fructans	1091:1115	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	3	15	theme	compositions	658:669	arg1	formulations					619:630	4 β2→1-fructan formulations	604:630	4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions	604:669	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	9	16	theme	TLR2	1495:1498	arg1	cells					1509:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	6	17	theme	cells	1080:1084	arg1	preincubation					1059:1071	preincubation	1059:1071	preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans	1059:1115	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	4	18	theme	Transepithelial	755:769	arg1	resistance					782:791	Transepithelial electrical resistance	755:791	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER)	755:798	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	18	theme	Transepithelial	755:769	arg1	measure					870:876	a measure	868:876	a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function	868:921	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	18	theme	Transepithelial	755:769	arg1	TEER					794:797	TEER	794:797	TEER	794:797	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	0	19	theme	T84	78:80	arg1	cells					110:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	9	20	theme	cells	1509:1513	arg1	Stimulation					1451:1461	Stimulation	1451:1461	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans	1451:1532	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	4	21	theme	cell	825:828	arg1	ECIS					859:862	ECIS	859:862	ECIS	859:862	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	21	theme	cell	825:828	arg1	sensing					850:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing	816:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)	816:863	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	0	22	theme	intestinal	88:97	arg1	cells					110:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	5	23	from	involvement	940:950	arg1	modulation					963:972	barrier modulation	955:972	barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans	955:989	To confirm TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans, ECIS experiments were repeated using TLR2 blocking antibody.
24790027	5	24	theme	blocking	1034:1041	arg1	antibody					1043:1050	TLR2 blocking antibody	1029:1050	TLR2 blocking antibody	1029:1050	To confirm TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans, ECIS experiments were repeated using TLR2 blocking antibody.
24790027	9	25	theme	kidney	1482:1487	arg1	cells					1509:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	4	26	theme	impedance	840:848	arg1	ECIS					859:862	ECIS	859:862	ECIS	859:862	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	26	theme	impedance	840:848	arg1	sensing					850:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing	816:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)	816:863	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	0	27	theme	cells	110:114	arg1	function					66:73	barrier function	58:73	barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	58:114	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	9	28	theme	reporter	1500:1507	arg1	cells					1509:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	11	29	theme	effects	1961:1967	arg1	TLR2					1867:1870	TLR2	1867:1870	TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells	1867:1909	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	11	29	theme	effects	1961:1967	arg1	target					1922:1927	a target	1920:1927	a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects	1920:1967	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	2	30	theme	barrier	404:410	arg1	function					412:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	0	31	theme	Toll-like	0:8	arg1	activation					21:30	Toll-like receptor 2 activation	0:30	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans	0:47	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	1	32	theme	protective	275:284	arg1	effects					286:292	these protective effects	269:292	these protective effects	269:292	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	9	33	theme	nuclear	1556:1562	arg1	kappa-light-chain-enhancer					1571:1596	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer	1556:1596	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells	1556:1617	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	9	34	theme	kappa-light-chain-enhancer	1571:1596	arg1	activation					1542:1551	activation	1542:1551	activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells	1542:1617	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	2	35	theme	β2→1-fructan	477:488	arg1	differences					503:513	β2→1-fructan chain-length differences	477:513	β2→1-fructan chain-length differences	477:513	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	3	36	theme	proinflammatory	700:714	arg1	PMA					749:751	PMA	749:751	PMA	749:751	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	3	36	theme	proinflammatory	700:714	arg1	13-acetate					737:746	the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate	696:746	the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)	696:752	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	11	37	theme	health	1954:1959	arg1	effects					1961:1967	β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects	1932:1967	β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects	1932:1967	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	9	38	theme	activated	1601:1609	arg1	cells					1613:1617	activated B cells	1601:1617	activated B cells	1601:1617	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	10	39	theme	time-dependent	1714:1727	arg1	effects					1767:1773	time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects	1714:1773	time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects	1714:1773	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	9	40	theme	cells	1613:1617	arg1	kappa-light-chain-enhancer					1571:1596	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer	1556:1596	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells	1556:1617	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	7	41	from	effect	1271:1276	arg1	recovery					1281:1288	recovery	1281:1288	recovery	1281:1288	However, when PMA was applied first, no effect on recovery was observed during addition of the fructans.
24790027	6	42	dep	%	1168:1168	arg1	0.001					1175:1179	0.001	1175:1179	0.001	1175:1179	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	2	43	theme	dietary	341:347	arg1	fibers					349:354	β2→1-fructan dietary fibers	328:354	β2→1-fructan dietary fibers	328:354	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	1	44	theme	Dietary	152:158	arg1	intake					166:171	Dietary fiber intake	152:171	Dietary fiber intake	152:171	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	3	45	theme	12-myristate	724:735	arg1	PMA					749:751	PMA	749:751	PMA	749:751	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	3	45	theme	12-myristate	724:735	arg1	13-acetate					737:746	the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate	696:746	the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)	696:752	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	2	46	theme	epithelial	388:397	arg1	function					412:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	11	47	theme	epithelial	1894:1903	arg1	cells					1905:1909	intestinal epithelial cells	1883:1909	intestinal epithelial cells	1883:1909	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	1	48	theme	underlying	244:253	arg1	mechanisms					255:264	the underlying mechanisms	240:264	the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects	240:292	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	1	48	theme	underlying	244:253	arg1	unclear					298:304	unclear	298:304	unclear	298:304	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	9	49	theme	specific	1654:1661	arg1	ligands					1663:1669	specific ligands	1654:1669	specific ligands for TLR2	1654:1678	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	9	49	theme	specific	1654:1661	arg1	β2→1-fructans					1636:1648	β2→1-fructans	1636:1648	β2→1-fructans	1636:1648	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	3	50	theme	cell	568:571	arg1	monolayers					573:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	5	51	theme	barrier	955:961	arg1	modulation					963:972	barrier modulation	955:972	barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans	955:989	To confirm TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans, ECIS experiments were repeated using TLR2 blocking antibody.
24790027	3	52	theme	intestinal	546:555	arg1	monolayers					573:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	4	53	theme	tight	882:886	arg1	function					914:921	tight junction-mediated barrier function	882:921	tight junction-mediated barrier function	882:921	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	54	theme	barrier	906:912	arg1	function					914:921	tight junction-mediated barrier function	882:921	tight junction-mediated barrier function	882:921	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	0	55	theme	chain	121:125	arg1	manner					144:149	a chain length-dependent manner	119:149	a chain length-dependent manner	119:149	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	6	56	from	decrease	1122:1129	arg1	TEER					1134:1137	TEER	1134:1137	TEER	1134:1137	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	10	57	theme	epithelial	1797:1806	arg1	barrier					1813:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier	1778:1819	the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2	1778:1837	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	8	58	theme	short-chain	1396:1406	arg1	β2→1-fructans					1408:1420	short-chain β2→1-fructans	1396:1420	short-chain β2→1-fructans	1396:1420	By blocking TLR2 on the T84 cells, the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans was substantially inhibited.
24790027	3	59	theme	β2→1-fructan	606:617	arg1	formulations					619:630	4 β2→1-fructan formulations	604:630	4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions	604:669	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	10	60	theme	length-dependent	1739:1754	arg1	effects					1767:1773	time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects	1714:1773	time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects	1714:1773	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	6	61	theme	P	1220:1220	arg1	<					1222:1222	P < 0.01	1220:1227	P < 0.01	1220:1227	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	4	62	theme	electrical	771:780	arg1	resistance					782:791	Transepithelial electrical resistance	755:791	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER)	755:798	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	62	theme	electrical	771:780	arg1	measure					870:876	a measure	868:876	a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function	868:921	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	62	theme	electrical	771:780	arg1	TEER					794:797	TEER	794:797	TEER	794:797	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	9	63	theme	embryonic	1472:1480	arg1	kidney					1482:1487	human embryonic kidney	1466:1487	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	7	64	theme	fructans	1326:1333	arg1	addition					1310:1317	addition	1310:1317	addition of the fructans	1310:1333	However, when PMA was applied first, no effect on recovery was observed during addition of the fructans.
24790027	6	65	dep	%	1217:1217	arg1	<					1222:1222	P < 0.01	1220:1227	P < 0.01	1220:1227	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	3	66	theme	chain-length	645:656	arg1	compositions					658:669	different chain-length compositions	635:669	different chain-length compositions	635:669	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	9	67	theme	human	1489:1493	arg1	cells					1509:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells	1466:1513	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	6	68	theme	±	1212:1212	arg1	%					1217:1217	15.2 ± 8.8%	1207:1217	15.2 ± 8.8%	1207:1217	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	0	69	theme	human	82:86	arg1	cells					110:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	1	70	theme	fiber	160:164	arg1	intake					166:171	Dietary fiber intake	152:171	Dietary fiber intake	152:171	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	6	71	theme	T84	1076:1078	arg1	cells					1080:1084	T84 cells	1076:1084	T84 cells	1076:1084	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	2	72	theme	chain-length	490:501	arg1	differences					503:513	β2→1-fructan chain-length differences	477:513	β2→1-fructan chain-length differences	477:513	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	0	73	theme	epithelial	99:108	arg1	cells					110:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	78:114	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	5	74	theme	TLR2	1029:1032	arg1	antibody					1043:1050	TLR2 blocking antibody	1029:1050	TLR2 blocking antibody	1029:1050	To confirm TLR2 involvement in barrier modulation by β2→1-fructans, ECIS experiments were repeated using TLR2 blocking antibody.
24790027	4	75	theme	electric	816:823	arg1	ECIS					859:862	ECIS	859:862	ECIS	859:862	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	75	theme	electric	816:823	arg1	sensing					850:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing	816:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)	816:863	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	11	76	theme	located	1872:1878	arg1	TLR2					1867:1870	TLR2	1867:1870	TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells	1867:1909	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	11	76	theme	located	1872:1878	arg1	target					1922:1927	a target	1920:1927	a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects	1920:1967	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	6	77	dep	decrease	1122:1129	arg1	induced					1142:1148	induced	1142:1148	induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001)	1142:1180	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	11	78	theme	β2→1-fructan-mediated	1932:1952	arg1	effects					1961:1967	β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects	1932:1967	β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects	1932:1967	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	0	79	theme	receptor	10:17	arg1	activation					21:30	Toll-like receptor 2 activation	0:30	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans	0:47	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	2	80	theme	cell	399:402	arg1	function					412:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	1	81	theme	effects	286:292	arg1	mechanisms					255:264	the underlying mechanisms	240:264	the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects	240:292	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	1	81	theme	effects	286:292	arg1	unclear					298:304	unclear	298:304	unclear	298:304	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	9	82	theme	factor	1564:1569	arg1	kappa-light-chain-enhancer					1571:1596	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer	1556:1596	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells	1556:1617	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	9	83	with	Stimulation	1451:1461	arg1	β2→1-fructans					1520:1532	β2→1-fructans	1520:1532	β2→1-fructans	1520:1532	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	6	84	dep	induced	1142:1148	arg1	%					1168:1168	62.3 ± 5.2%	1158:1168	62.3 ± 5.2%	1158:1168	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	6	84	dep	induced	1142:1148	arg1	P					1171:1171	P	1171:1171	P	1171:1171	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	10	85	theme	protective	1756:1765	arg1	effects					1767:1773	time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects	1714:1773	time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects	1714:1773	To conclude, β2→1-fructans exert time-dependent and chain length-dependent protective effects on the T84 intestinal epithelial cell barrier mediated via TLR2.
24790027	1	86	dep	lower	192:196	arg1	mortality					212:220	mortality	212:220	mortality	212:220	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	1	86	dep	lower	192:196	arg1	incidence					198:206	incidence	198:206	incidence	198:206	Dietary fiber intake is associated with lower incidence and mortality from disease, but the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects are unclear.
24790027	2	87	theme	Toll-like	425:433	arg1	receptor					435:442	Toll-like receptor 2	425:444	Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)	425:451	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	2	87	theme	Toll-like	425:433	arg1	TLR2					447:450	TLR2	447:450	TLR2	447:450	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	0	88	theme	barrier	58:64	arg1	function					66:73	barrier function	58:73	barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells	58:114	Toll-like receptor 2 activation by β2→1-fructans protects barrier function of T84 human intestinal epithelial cells in a chain length-dependent manner.
24790027	9	89	theme	B	1611:1611	arg1	cells					1613:1617	activated B cells	1601:1617	activated B cells	1601:1617	Stimulation of human embryonic kidney human TLR2 reporter cells with β2→1-fructans induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, confirming that β2→1-fructans are specific ligands for TLR2.
24790027	2	90	theme	intestinal	377:386	arg1	function					412:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	intestinal epithelial cell barrier function	377:419	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	8	91	theme	T84	1360:1362	arg1	cells					1364:1368	the T84 cells	1356:1368	the T84 cells	1356:1368	By blocking TLR2 on the T84 cells, the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans was substantially inhibited.
24790027	11	92	theme	intestinal	1883:1892	arg1	cells					1905:1909	intestinal epithelial cells	1883:1909	intestinal epithelial cells	1883:1909	These results suggest that TLR2 located on intestinal epithelial cells could be a target of β2→1-fructan-mediated health effects.
24790027	4	93	theme	substrate	830:838	arg1	ECIS					859:862	ECIS	859:862	ECIS	859:862	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	4	93	theme	substrate	830:838	arg1	sensing					850:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing	816:856	electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)	816:863	Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was analyzed by electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) as a measure for tight junction-mediated barrier function.
24790027	3	94	theme	phorbol	716:722	arg1	PMA					749:751	PMA	749:751	PMA	749:751	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	3	94	theme	phorbol	716:722	arg1	13-acetate					737:746	the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate	696:746	the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)	696:752	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	2	95	theme	β2→1-fructan	328:339	arg1	fibers					349:354	β2→1-fructan dietary fibers	328:354	β2→1-fructan dietary fibers	328:354	We hypothesized that β2→1-fructan dietary fibers confer protection on intestinal epithelial cell barrier function via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and we studied whether β2→1-fructan chain-length differences affect this process.
24790027	6	96	theme	±	1163:1163	arg1	%					1168:1168	62.3 ± 5.2%	1158:1168	62.3 ± 5.2%	1158:1168	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	6	96	theme	±	1163:1163	arg1	P					1171:1171	P	1171:1171	P	1171:1171	After preincubation of T84 cells with short-chain β2→1-fructans, the decrease in TEER as induced by PMA (62.3 ± 5.2%, P < 0.001) was strongly attenuated (15.2 ± 8.8%, P < 0.01).
24790027	8	97	theme	protective	1375:1384	arg1	effect					1386:1391	the protective effect	1371:1391	the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans	1371:1420	By blocking TLR2 on the T84 cells, the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans was substantially inhibited.
24790027	3	98	theme	human	540:544	arg1	monolayers					573:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers	536:582	T84 human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers were incubated with 4 β2→1-fructan formulations of different chain-length compositions and were stimulated with the proinflammatory phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA).
24790027	8	99	from	TLR2	1348:1351	arg1	cells					1364:1368	the T84 cells	1356:1368	the T84 cells	1356:1368	By blocking TLR2 on the T84 cells, the protective effect of short-chain β2→1-fructans was substantially inhibited.
28155149	1	0	gly	glycosylation	87:99	arg1	glycocalyx					120:129	the cancer cell glycocalyx	104:129	the cancer cell glycocalyx	104:129	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	1	1	theme	cancers	163:169	arg1	hallmark					137:144	a hallmark	135:144	a hallmark of metastasizing cancers	135:169	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	1	1	theme	cancers	163:169	arg1	Changes					76:82	Changes	76:82	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx	76:129	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	2	2	with	models	457:462	arg1	formation					487:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	3	attach	derived	388:394	arg1	material					418:425	primary clinical material	401:425	primary clinical material	401:425	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	3	attach	derived	388:394	arg2	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	4	4	theme	vulgaris	757:764	arg1	PHA-L					783:787	PHA-L	783:787	PHA-L	783:787	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	4	theme	vulgaris	757:764	arg1	leucoagglutinin					766:780	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	747:780	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L)	747:788	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	4	theme	vulgaris	757:764	arg1	lectin					739:744	Another lectin	731:744	Another lectin	731:744	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	5	5	dep	alterations	978:988	arg1	N-linked					969:976	N-linked	969:976	N-linked	969:976	Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored.
28155149	5	5	dep	alterations	978:988	arg1	O-					962:963	O-	962:963	O-	962:963	Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored.
28155149	5	5	dep	alterations	978:988	arg1	Using					933:937	Using	933:937	Using these two lectins	933:955	Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored.
28155149	4	6	theme	branched	812:819	arg1	oligosaccharides					830:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	799:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	799:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	1	7	from	Changes	76:82	arg1	glycosylation					87:99	glycosylation	87:99	glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx	87:129	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	2	8	with	models	516:521	arg1	formation					487:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	9	from	models	516:521	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	4	10	theme	prostate	916:923	arg1	cancer					925:930	prostate cancer	916:930	prostate cancer	916:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	2	11	theme	tumor-associated	298:313	arg1	glycans					315:321	tumor-associated glycans	298:321	tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material	298:425	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	3	12	from	antigen	638:644	arg1	metastases					686:695	metastases	686:695	metastases	686:695	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	12	from	antigen	638:644	arg1	tumors					675:680	primary tumors	667:680	primary tumors	667:680	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	4	13	theme	Phaseolus	747:755	arg1	PHA-L					783:787	PHA-L	783:787	PHA-L	783:787	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	13	theme	Phaseolus	747:755	arg1	leucoagglutinin					766:780	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin	747:780	Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L)	747:788	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	13	theme	Phaseolus	747:755	arg1	lectin					739:744	Another lectin	731:744	Another lectin	731:744	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	6	14	from	form	1119:1122	arg1	available					1067:1075	available	1067:1075	available	1067:1075	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	4	15	theme	β1-6	807:810	arg1	oligosaccharides					830:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	799:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	799:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	2	16	theme	engineered	440:449	arg1	models					457:462	genetically engineered mouse models	428:462	genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation	428:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	17	theme	mouse	510:514	arg1	models					516:521	xenograft mouse models	500:521	xenograft mouse models	500:521	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	6	18	theme	cancer	1152:1157	arg1	studies					1170:1176	cancer metastasis studies	1152:1176	cancer metastasis studies	1152:1176	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	4	19	theme	complex	799:805	arg1	oligosaccharides					830:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	799:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	799:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	2	20	theme	xenograft	500:508	arg1	models					516:521	xenograft mouse models	500:521	xenograft mouse models	500:521	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	6	21	from	available	1067:1075	arg1	form					1119:1122	a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form	1080:1122	a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form	1080:1122	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	2	22	theme	formalin-fixed	338:351	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	6	23	theme	fluorescence-labeled	1098:1117	arg1	form					1119:1122	a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form	1080:1122	a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form	1080:1122	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	0	24	theme	Lectin	0:5	arg1	Histochemistry					7:20	Lectin Histochemistry	0:20	Lectin Histochemistry for Metastasizing and Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells.	0:74	Lectin Histochemistry for Metastasizing and Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells.
28155149	1	25	theme	distant	200:206	arg1	metastasis					208:217	distant metastasis	200:217	distant metastasis	200:217	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	3	26	link	O-linked	647:654	arg1	antigen					638:644	Tn antigen	635:644	Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas	635:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	26	link	O-linked	647:654	arg1	GalNAc					656:661	O-linked GalNAc	647:661	O-linked GalNAc	647:661	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	2	27	theme	cryostat	326:333	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	28	theme	endogenous	469:478	arg1	formation					487:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	29	theme	cancer	480:485	arg1	formation					487:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	5	30	theme	cancer	1011:1016	arg1	cells					1018:1022	cancer cells	1011:1022	cancer cells	1011:1022	Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored.
28155149	3	31	theme	primary	667:673	arg1	tumors					675:680	primary tumors	667:680	primary tumors	667:680	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	1	32	theme	cell	115:118	arg1	glycocalyx					120:129	the cancer cell glycocalyx	104:129	the cancer cell glycocalyx	104:129	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	0	33	theme	Non-metastasizing	44:60	arg1	Cells					69:73	Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells	44:73	Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells	44:73	Lectin Histochemistry for Metastasizing and Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells.
28155149	3	34	theme	Helix	544:548	arg1	HPA					559:561	HPA	559:561	HPA	559:561	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	34	theme	Helix	544:548	arg1	pomatia					550:556	Helix pomatia	544:556	Helix pomatia (HPA)	544:562	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	6	35	theme	metastasis	1159:1168	arg1	studies					1170:1176	cancer metastasis studies	1152:1176	cancer metastasis studies	1152:1176	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	4	36	theme	increased	863:871	arg1	potential					884:892	increased metastatic potential	863:892	increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	863:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	37	link	N-linked	821:828	arg1	oligosaccharides					830:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	799:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	799:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	3	38	theme	Tn	635:636	arg1	antigen					638:644	Tn antigen	635:644	Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas	635:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	38	theme	Tn	635:636	arg1	GalNAc					656:661	O-linked GalNAc	647:661	O-linked GalNAc	647:661	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	4	39	from	potential	884:892	arg1	colon					905:909	colon	905:909	colon	905:909	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	39	from	potential	884:892	arg1	breast					897:902	breast	897:902	breast	897:902	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	4	39	from	potential	884:892	arg1	cancer					925:930	prostate cancer	916:930	prostate cancer	916:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	2	40	theme	mouse	451:455	arg1	models					457:462	genetically engineered mouse models	428:462	genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation	428:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	3	41	theme	pomatia	550:556	arg1	lectin					534:539	The snail lectin	524:539	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA)	524:562	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	1	42	theme	glycocalyx	120:129	arg1	glycosylation					87:99	glycosylation	87:99	glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx	87:129	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	0	43	theme	Cancer	62:67	arg1	Cells					69:73	Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells	44:73	Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells	44:73	Lectin Histochemistry for Metastasizing and Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells.
28155149	4	44	theme	metastatic	873:882	arg1	potential					884:892	increased metastatic potential	863:892	increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	863:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	2	45	theme	tissue	372:377	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	3	46	from	tumors	675:680	arg1	adenocarcinomas					714:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	47	theme	human	708:712	arg1	adenocarcinomas					714:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	48	theme	several	700:706	arg1	adenocarcinomas					714:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	49	theme	O-linked	647:654	arg1	antigen					638:644	Tn antigen	635:644	Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas	635:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	3	49	theme	O-linked	647:654	arg1	GalNAc					656:661	O-linked GalNAc	647:661	O-linked GalNAc	647:661	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	6	50	used	used	1144:1147	arg2	they					1124:1127	they	1124:1127	they	1124:1127	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	2	51	theme	paraffin-embedded	354:370	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	1	52	theme	cancer	108:113	arg1	glycocalyx					120:129	the cancer cell glycocalyx	104:129	the cancer cell glycocalyx	104:129	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
28155149	5	53	theme	cells	1018:1022	arg1	glycocalyx					997:1006	the glycocalyx	993:1006	the glycocalyx of cancer cells	993:1022	Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored.
28155149	2	54	theme	capable	266:272	arg1	lectins					258:264	two lectins	254:264	two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models	254:521	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	55	from	models	457:462	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	56	theme	primary	401:407	arg1	material					418:425	primary clinical material	401:425	primary clinical material	401:425	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	2	57	from	glycans	315:321	arg1	sections					379:386	cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections	326:386	sections	379:386	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	3	58	theme	snail	528:532	arg1	lectin					534:539	The snail lectin	524:539	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA)	524:562	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	6	59	theme	biotinylated	1082:1093	arg1	form					1119:1122	a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form	1080:1122	a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form	1080:1122	As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
28155149	2	60	theme	clinical	409:416	arg1	material					418:425	primary clinical material	401:425	primary clinical material	401:425	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	5	61	from	alterations	978:988	arg1	glycocalyx					997:1006	the glycocalyx	993:1006	the glycocalyx of cancer cells	993:1022	Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored.
28155149	2	62	with	glycans	315:321	arg1	formation					487:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	endogenous cancer formation	469:495	In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models.
28155149	3	63	from	metastases	686:695	arg1	adenocarcinomas					714:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	several human adenocarcinomas	700:728	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
28155149	4	64	theme	N-linked	821:828	arg1	oligosaccharides					830:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	799:845	complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer	799:930	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
28155149	1	65	theme	metastasizing	149:161	arg1	cancers					163:169	metastasizing cancers	149:169	metastasizing cancers	149:169	Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis.
26847569	13	0	theme	preservation	2601:2612	arg1	medium					2614:2619	a preservation medium	2599:2619	a preservation medium	2599:2619	Manipulating the gas composition of a preservation medium constitutes therefore a promising approach to improve preservation.
26847569	9	1	dep	recovery	1414:1421	arg1	1					1393:1393	1	1393:1393	1	1393:1393	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	1	dep	recovery	1414:1421	arg1	monitored					1426:1434	monitored	1426:1434	monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration	1426:1517	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	12	2	theme	functional	2514:2523	arg1	recovery					2525:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	9	3	theme	natural	1780:1786	arg1	death/euthanasia					1788:1803	the natural death/euthanasia	1776:1803	the natural death/euthanasia	1776:1803	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	4	theme	argon	675:679	arg1	effects					664:670	here the effects	655:670	here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	655:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	3	5	theme	medium	530:535	arg1	composition					503:513	the gas composition	495:513	modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation	485:562	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	13	6	theme	gas	2580:2582	arg1	composition					2584:2594	the gas composition	2576:2594	the gas composition of a preservation medium	2576:2619	Manipulating the gas composition of a preservation medium constitutes therefore a promising approach to improve preservation.
26847569	1	7	theme	organ	181:185	arg1	preservation					187:198	organ preservation	181:198	organ preservation following removal	181:216	BACKGROUND In kidney transplantation, the conditions of organ preservation following removal influence function recovery.
26847569	9	8	theme	improved	1572:1579	arg1	survival					1581:1588	(3) improved survival	1568:1588	(3) improved survival	1568:1588	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	9	theme	xenon	685:689	arg1	effects					664:670	here the effects	655:670	here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	655:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	4	10	from	effects	664:670	arg1	preservation					700:711	graft preservation	694:711	graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	694:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	9	11	theme	acid	1956:1959	arg1	substances					1970:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances	1914:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression	1914:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	2	12	theme	cold-storage	324:335	arg1	solution					337:344	a cold-storage solution	322:344	a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar)	322:418	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	6	13	used	used	1223:1226	arg2	Air-Celsior					1207:1217	Air-Celsior	1207:1217	Air-Celsior	1207:1217	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	5	14	dep	METHODS	777:783	arg1	Celsior					811:817	The preservation solution Celsior	785:817	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure	777:908	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	9	15	dep	enabled	1524:1530	arg1	2					1521:1521	2	1521:1521	2	1521:1521	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	2	16	theme	static	255:260	arg1	procedures					275:284	Current static preservation procedures	247:284	Current static preservation procedures	247:284	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	9	17	theme	improved	1396:1403	arg1	recovery					1414:1421	(1) improved function recovery	1392:1421	(1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5)	1392:1808	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	18	theme	antioxidant	1828:1838	arg1	defences					1840:1847	plasma antioxidant defences	1821:1847	plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	1821:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	19	theme	established	719:729	arg1	model					747:751	an established preclinical pig model	716:751	an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	716:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	9	20	theme	TNF-alpha	2074:2082	arg1	expression					2060:2069	expression	2060:2069	expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	2060:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	21	used	used	621:624	arg2	strategies					597:606	Organoprotective strategies	580:606	Organoprotective strategies	580:606	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	2	22	from	immersion	309:317	arg1	solution					337:344	a cold-storage solution	322:344	a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar)	322:418	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	4	23	theme	pig	743:745	arg1	model					747:751	an established preclinical pig model	716:751	an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	716:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	9	24	theme	IL1-beta	2085:2092	arg1	expression					2060:2069	expression	2060:2069	expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	2060:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	1	25	theme	kidney	139:144	arg1	transplantation					146:160	kidney transplantation	139:160	kidney transplantation	139:160	BACKGROUND In kidney transplantation, the conditions of organ preservation following removal influence function recovery.
26847569	6	26	theme	=	1030:1030	arg1	n					1028:1028	n	1028:1028	n = 8 pigs	1028:1037	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	11	27	theme	noble	2426:2430	arg1	gases					2432:2436	the noble gases	2422:2436	the noble gases as a group	2422:2447	Thus, the positive effects of argon were not attributable to the noble gases as a group.
26847569	7	28	theme	contralateral	1265:1277	arg1	nephrectomy					1279:1289	contralateral nephrectomy	1265:1289	contralateral nephrectomy	1265:1289	Heterotopic autotransplantation and contralateral nephrectomy were performed.
26847569	4	29	theme	graft	694:698	arg1	preservation					700:711	graft preservation	694:711	graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	694:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	9	30	theme	IL6	2098:2100	arg1	expression					2060:2069	expression	2060:2069	expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	2060:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	31	theme	creatinine	1440:1449	arg1	clearance					1451:1459	creatinine clearance	1440:1459	creatinine clearance	1440:1459	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	31	theme	creatinine	1440:1449	arg1	fraction					1466:1473	the fraction	1462:1473	the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration	1462:1517	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	10	32	theme	functional	2241:2250	arg1	properties					2275:2284	functional recovery, renal tissue properties	2241:2284	properties	2275:2284	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	12	33	theme	improved	2499:2506	arg1	recovery					2525:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	0	34	theme	preclinical	67:77	arg1	model					83:87	a preclinical pig model	65:87	a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation	65:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	2	35	dep	kPa	391:393	arg1	78					388:389	78	388:389	78	388:389	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	10	36	theme	tissue	2268:2273	arg1	properties					2275:2284	functional recovery, renal tissue properties	2241:2284	properties	2275:2284	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	11	37	theme	argon	2391:2395	arg1	attributable					2406:2417	attributable	2406:2417	attributable	2406:2417	Thus, the positive effects of argon were not attributable to the noble gases as a group.
26847569	11	37	theme	argon	2391:2395	arg1	effects					2380:2386	the positive effects	2367:2386	the positive effects of argon	2367:2395	Thus, the positive effects of argon were not attributable to the noble gases as a group.
26847569	5	38	dep	saturated	936:944	arg1	Celsior					928:934	Celsior	928:934	Celsior	928:934	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	0	39	theme	heterotopic	92:102	arg1	autotransplantation					104:122	heterotopic autotransplantation	92:122	heterotopic autotransplantation	92:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	9	40	theme	excreted	1478:1485	arg1	sodium					1487:1492	excreted sodium	1478:1492	excreted sodium	1478:1492	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	6	41	theme	=	1058:1058	arg1	n					1056:1056	n = 8	1056:1060	n = 8	1056:1060	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	6	41	theme	=	1058:1058	arg1	Argon-Celsior					1041:1053	Argon-Celsior	1041:1053	Argon-Celsior (n = 8)	1041:1061	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	10	42	theme	inflammation	2310:2321	arg1	responses					2323:2331	the antioxidant and inflammation responses	2290:2331	the antioxidant and inflammation responses	2290:2331	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	6	43	dep	=	1030:1030	arg1	pigs					1034:1037	8 pigs	1032:1037	8 pigs	1032:1037	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	5	44	with	saturated	936:944	arg1	Air-Celsior					968:978	Air-Celsior	968:978	Air-Celsior	968:978	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	44	with	saturated	936:944	arg1	air					963:965	atmospheric air	951:965	atmospheric air (Air-Celsior)	951:979	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	2	45	dep	air	369:371	arg1	Ar					416:417	1 kPa Ar	410:417	1 kPa Ar	410:417	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	2	45	dep	air	369:371	arg1	N2					395:396	approximately 78 kPa N2	374:396	approximately 78 kPa N2	374:396	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	2	45	dep	air	369:371	arg1	kPa					402:404	21 kPa O2	399:407	21 kPa O2	399:407	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	7	46	theme	Heterotopic	1229:1239	arg1	autotransplantation					1241:1259	Heterotopic autotransplantation	1229:1259	Heterotopic autotransplantation	1229:1259	Heterotopic autotransplantation and contralateral nephrectomy were performed.
26847569	9	47	theme	interstitial	1675:1686	arg1	fibrosis					1688:1695	interstitial fibrosis	1675:1695	interstitial fibrosis	1675:1695	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	48	theme	ascorbic	1927:1934	arg1	substances					1970:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances	1914:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression	1914:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	0	49	theme	pure	17:20	arg1	argon					22:26	pure argon	17:26	pure argon	17:26	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	9	50	theme	duration	1510:1517	arg1	clearance					1451:1459	creatinine clearance	1440:1459	creatinine clearance	1440:1459	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	50	theme	duration	1510:1517	arg1	fraction					1466:1473	the fraction	1462:1473	the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration	1462:1517	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	3	51	theme	cold-preservation	440:456	arg1	solutions					458:466	static cold-preservation solutions	433:466	static cold-preservation solutions	433:466	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	2	52	theme	kPa	412:414	arg1	N2					395:396	approximately 78 kPa N2	374:396	approximately 78 kPa N2	374:396	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	2	52	theme	kPa	412:414	arg1	Ar					416:417	1 kPa Ar	410:417	1 kPa Ar	410:417	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	5	53	theme	saturated	819:827	arg1	Celsior					811:817	The preservation solution Celsior	785:817	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure	777:908	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	54	theme	atmospheric	889:899	arg1	pressure					901:908	atmospheric pressure	889:908	atmospheric pressure	889:908	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	3	55	theme	modifying	485:493	arg1	composition					503:513	the gas composition	495:513	modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation	485:562	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	5	56	theme	pure	834:837	arg1	Argon-Celsior					846:858	Argon-Celsior	846:858	Argon-Celsior	846:858	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	56	theme	pure	834:837	arg1	argon					839:843	pure argon	834:843	pure argon (Argon-Celsior)	834:859	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	9	57	theme	diuresis	1532:1539	arg1	days					1554:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days	1532:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier	1532:1565	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	58	theme	preserved	1730:1738	arg1	structures					1747:1756	preserved tissue structures	1730:1756	preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	1730:1803	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	59	theme	noble	626:630	arg1	gases					632:636	noble gases	626:636	noble gases	626:636	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	9	60	theme	Hsp27	1992:1996	arg1	expression					1998:2007	Hsp27 expression	1992:2007	Hsp27 expression	1992:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	3	61	from	Research	421:428	arg1	solutions					458:466	static cold-preservation solutions	433:466	static cold-preservation solutions	433:466	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	13	62	theme	promising	2645:2653	arg1	approach					2655:2662	a promising approach	2643:2662	a promising approach to improve preservation	2643:2686	Manipulating the gas composition of a preservation medium constitutes therefore a promising approach to improve preservation.
26847569	9	63	theme	2-3	1550:1552	arg1	days					1554:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days	1532:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier	1532:1565	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	10	64	from	surviving	2203:2211	arg1	context					2227:2233	a context	2225:2233	a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered	2225:2358	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	5	65	theme	preservation	789:800	arg1	Celsior					811:817	The preservation solution Celsior	785:817	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure	777:908	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	9	66	theme	inflammatory	2026:2037	arg1	response					2039:2046	the inflammatory response	2022:2046	the inflammatory response	2022:2046	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	3	67	theme	gas	499:501	arg1	composition					503:513	the gas composition	495:513	modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation	485:562	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	4	68	from	preservation	700:711	arg1	model					747:751	an established preclinical pig model	716:751	an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	716:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	9	69	theme	earlier	1559:1565	arg1	days					1554:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days	1532:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier	1532:1565	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	70	theme	Organoprotective	580:595	arg1	strategies					597:606	Organoprotective strategies	580:606	Organoprotective strategies	580:606	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	13	71	theme	medium	2614:2619	arg1	composition					2584:2594	the gas composition	2576:2594	the gas composition of a preservation medium	2576:2619	Manipulating the gas composition of a preservation medium constitutes therefore a promising approach to improve preservation.
26847569	9	72	dep	TNF-alpha	2074:2082	arg1	observed					2105:2112	observed	2105:2112	observed after the natural death/euthanasia	2105:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	6	73	theme	ischemic	1173:1180	arg1	injury					1182:1187	ischemic injury	1173:1187	ischemic injury in our model	1173:1200	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	3	74	theme	storage	522:528	arg1	medium					530:535	the storage medium	518:535	the storage medium for improving preservation	518:562	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	6	75	used	used	1092:1095	arg2	Air-Celsior					1015:1025	Air-Celsior	1015:1025	Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs)	1015:1038	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	6	75	used	used	1092:1095	arg2	n					1056:1056	n = 8	1056:1060	n = 8	1056:1060	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	6	75	used	used	1092:1095	arg2	Argon-Celsior					1041:1053	Argon-Celsior	1041:1053	Argon-Celsior (n = 8)	1041:1061	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	6	75	used	used	1092:1095	arg2	n					1081:1081	n = 6	1081:1085	n = 6	1081:1085	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	6	75	used	used	1092:1095	arg2	Xenon-Celsior					1066:1078	Xenon-Celsior	1066:1078	Xenon-Celsior (n = 6)	1066:1086	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	9	76	theme	Argon-Celsior	1361:1373	arg1	use					1354:1356	The use	1350:1356	The use of Argon-Celsior	1350:1373	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	0	77	theme	transplant	38:47	arg1	preservation					49:60	renal transplant preservation	32:60	renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation	32:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	5	78	with	saturated	819:827	arg1	Xenon-Celsior					871:883	Xenon-Celsior	871:883	Xenon-Celsior	871:883	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	78	with	saturated	819:827	arg1	Argon-Celsior					846:858	Argon-Celsior	846:858	Argon-Celsior	846:858	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	78	with	saturated	819:827	arg1	xenon					864:868	xenon	864:868	xenon (Xenon-Celsior)	864:884	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	78	with	saturated	819:827	arg1	argon					839:843	pure argon	834:843	pure argon (Argon-Celsior)	834:859	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	79	theme	solution	802:809	arg1	Celsior					811:817	The preservation solution Celsior	785:817	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure	777:908	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	1	80	theme	preservation	187:198	arg1	conditions					167:176	the conditions	163:176	the conditions of organ preservation following removal	163:216	BACKGROUND In kidney transplantation, the conditions of organ preservation following removal influence function recovery.
26847569	9	81	dep	transplantation	1875:1889	arg1	shown					1894:1898	shown	1894:1898	shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression	1894:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	10	82	dep	detrimental	2180:2190	arg1	surviving					2203:2211	no animal surviving	2193:2211	no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered	2193:2358	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	6	83	theme	left	986:989	arg1	kidney					991:996	The left kidney	982:996	The left kidney	982:996	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	9	84	theme	7/8	1591:1593	arg1	survival					1581:1588	(3) improved survival	1568:1588	(3) improved survival	1568:1588	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	2	85	theme	preservation	262:273	arg1	procedures					275:284	Current static preservation procedures	247:284	Current static preservation procedures	247:284	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	1	86	theme	function	228:235	arg1	recovery					237:244	function recovery	228:244	function recovery	228:244	BACKGROUND In kidney transplantation, the conditions of organ preservation following removal influence function recovery.
26847569	9	87	theme	3/8	1599:1601	arg1	pigs					1603:1606	3/8 pigs	1599:1606	3/8 pigs	1599:1606	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	88	theme	plasma	1821:1826	arg1	defences					1840:1847	plasma antioxidant defences	1821:1847	plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	1821:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	6	89	dep	flush	1108:1112	arg1	transplant					1128:1137	the transplant	1124:1137	the transplant	1124:1137	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	2	90	theme	Current	247:253	arg1	procedures					275:284	Current static preservation procedures	247:284	Current static preservation procedures	247:284	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	9	91	theme	function	1405:1412	arg1	recovery					1414:1421	(1) improved function recovery	1392:1421	(1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5)	1392:1808	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	10	92	theme	antioxidant	2294:2304	arg1	responses					2323:2331	the antioxidant and inflammation responses	2290:2331	the antioxidant and inflammation responses	2290:2331	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	12	93	theme	graft	2535:2539	arg1	quality					2541:2547	graft quality	2535:2547	graft quality	2535:2547	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	9	94	dep	survival	1581:1588	arg1	3					1569:1569	3	1569:1569	3	1569:1569	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	5	95	theme	atmospheric	951:961	arg1	Air-Celsior					968:978	Air-Celsior	968:978	Air-Celsior	968:978	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	5	95	theme	atmospheric	951:961	arg1	air					963:965	atmospheric air	951:965	atmospheric air (Air-Celsior)	951:979	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	9	96	theme	postoperative	1620:1632	arg1	day-21					1634:1639	postoperative day-21); (4)	1620:1645	postoperative day-21); (4)	1620:1645	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	97	dep	RESULTS	1342:1348	arg1	Air-Celsior					1379:1389	Air-Celsior	1379:1389	Air-Celsior	1379:1389	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	97	dep	RESULTS	1342:1348	arg1	use					1354:1356	The use	1350:1356	The use of Argon-Celsior	1350:1373	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	97	dep	RESULTS	1342:1348	arg1	stimulated					1810:1819	stimulated	1810:1819	stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	1810:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	12	98	theme	argon	2493:2497	arg1	recovery					2525:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	4	99	theme	preclinical	731:741	arg1	model					747:751	an established preclinical pig model	716:751	an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	716:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	12	100	with	saturation	2466:2475	arg1	survival					2553:2560	survival	2553:2560	survival	2553:2560	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	12	100	with	saturation	2466:2475	arg1	recovery					2525:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	12	100	with	saturation	2466:2475	arg1	quality					2541:2547	graft quality	2535:2547	graft quality	2535:2547	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	5	101	from	pressure	901:908	arg1	saturated					819:827	saturated	819:827	saturated	819:827	METHODS The preservation solution Celsior saturated with pure argon (Argon-Celsior) or xenon (Xenon-Celsior) at atmospheric pressure was tested versus Celsior saturated with atmospheric air (Air-Celsior).
26847569	10	102	theme	recovery	2252:2259	arg1	properties					2275:2284	functional recovery, renal tissue properties	2241:2284	properties	2275:2284	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	12	103	theme	early	2508:2512	arg1	recovery					2525:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	argon improved early functional recovery	2493:2532	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	0	104	theme	pig	79:81	arg1	model					83:87	a preclinical pig model	65:87	a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation	65:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	6	105	dep	Air-Celsior	1015:1025	arg1	n					1028:1028	n	1028:1028	n = 8 pigs	1028:1037	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	10	106	theme	renal	2262:2266	arg1	properties					2275:2284	functional recovery, renal tissue properties	2241:2284	properties	2275:2284	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	0	107	from	preservation	49:60	arg1	model					83:87	a preclinical pig model	65:87	a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation	65:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	12	108	theme	Celsior	2480:2486	arg1	saturation					2466:2475	The saturation	2462:2475	The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival	2462:2560	CONCLUSIONS The saturation of Celsior with argon improved early functional recovery, graft quality and survival.
26847569	9	109	dep	monitored	1426:1434	arg1	5					1807:1807	5	1807:1807	5	1807:1807	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	110	theme	natural	2124:2130	arg1	death/euthanasia					2132:2147	the natural death/euthanasia	2120:2147	the natural death/euthanasia	2120:2147	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	0	111	theme	autotransplantation	104:122	arg1	model					83:87	a preclinical pig model	65:87	a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation	65:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	9	112	theme	tubular	1657:1663	arg1	necrosis					1665:1672	tubular necrosis	1657:1672	tubular necrosis	1657:1672	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	11	113	theme	positive	2371:2378	arg1	attributable					2406:2417	attributable	2406:2417	attributable	2406:2417	Thus, the positive effects of argon were not attributable to the noble gases as a group.
26847569	11	113	theme	positive	2371:2378	arg1	effects					2380:2386	the positive effects	2367:2386	the positive effects of argon	2367:2395	Thus, the positive effects of argon were not attributable to the noble gases as a group.
26847569	1	114	dep	BACKGROUND	125:134	arg1	influence					218:226	influence	218:226	influence function recovery	218:244	BACKGROUND In kidney transplantation, the conditions of organ preservation following removal influence function recovery.
26847569	3	115	theme	static	433:438	arg1	solutions					458:466	static cold-preservation solutions	433:466	static cold-preservation solutions	433:466	Research on static cold-preservation solutions has stalled, and modifying the gas composition of the storage medium for improving preservation was considered.
26847569	9	116	theme	sodium	1487:1492	arg1	clearance					1451:1459	creatinine clearance	1440:1459	creatinine clearance	1440:1459	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	116	theme	sodium	1487:1492	arg1	fraction					1466:1473	the fraction	1462:1473	the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration	1462:1517	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	10	117	theme	animal	2196:2201	arg1	surviving					2203:2211	no animal surviving	2193:2211	no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered	2193:2358	Conversely, Xenon-Celsior was detrimental, no animal surviving by day-8 in a context where functional recovery, renal tissue properties and the antioxidant and inflammation responses were significantly altered.
26847569	9	118	theme	reduced	1919:1925	arg1	substances					1970:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances	1914:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression	1914:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	0	119	theme	argon	22:26	arg1	Effectiveness					0:12	Effectiveness	0:12	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.	0:123	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	9	120	theme	tubulopathy	1498:1508	arg1	duration					1510:1517	tubulopathy duration	1498:1517	tubulopathy duration	1498:1517	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	121	theme	acid/thiobarbituric	1936:1954	arg1	substances					1970:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances	1914:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression	1914:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	4	122	theme	autotransplantation	756:774	arg1	model					747:751	an established preclinical pig model	716:751	an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation	716:774	Organoprotective strategies successfully used noble gases and we addressed here the effects of argon and xenon on graft preservation in an established preclinical pig model of autotransplantation.
26847569	0	123	theme	renal	32:36	arg1	preservation					49:60	renal transplant preservation	32:60	renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation	32:122	Effectiveness of pure argon for renal transplant preservation in a preclinical pig model of heterotopic autotransplantation.
26847569	9	124	theme	reactive	1961:1968	arg1	substances					1970:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances	1914:1979	the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression	1914:2007	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	2	125	theme	1	410:410	arg1	kPa					412:414	kPa	412:414	kPa	412:414	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	6	126	theme	=	1083:1083	arg1	Xenon-Celsior					1066:1078	Xenon-Celsior	1066:1078	Xenon-Celsior (n = 6)	1066:1086	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	6	126	theme	=	1083:1083	arg1	n					1081:1081	n = 6	1081:1085	n = 6	1081:1085	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	2	127	dep	N2	395:396	arg1	kPa					391:393	kPa	391:393	kPa	391:393	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	2	128	theme	atmospheric	357:367	arg1	air					369:371	atmospheric air	357:371	atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar)	357:418	Current static preservation procedures are generally based on immersion in a cold-storage solution used under atmospheric air (approximately 78 kPa N2, 21 kPa O2, 1 kPa Ar).
26847569	6	129	from	injury	1182:1187	arg1	model					1196:1200	our model	1192:1200	our model	1192:1200	The left kidney was removed, and Air-Celsior (n = 8 pigs), Argon-Celsior (n = 8) or Xenon-Celsior (n = 6) was used at 4 °C to flush and store the transplant for 30 h, a duration that induced ischemic injury in our model when Air-Celsior was used.
26847569	9	130	theme	recovery	1541:1548	arg1	days					1554:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days	1532:1557	diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier	1532:1565	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
26847569	9	131	theme	tissue	1740:1745	arg1	structures					1747:1756	preserved tissue structures	1730:1756	preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia	1730:1803	RESULTS The use of Argon-Celsior vs. Air-Celsior: (1) improved function recovery as monitored via creatinine clearance, the fraction of excreted sodium and tubulopathy duration; (2) enabled diuresis recovery 2-3 days earlier; (3) improved survival (7/8 vs. 3/8 pigs survived at postoperative day-21); (4) decreased tubular necrosis, interstitial fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammation, and preserved tissue structures as observed after the natural death/euthanasia; (5) stimulated plasma antioxidant defences during the days following transplantation as shown by monitoring the "reduced ascorbic acid/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances" ratio and Hsp27 expression; (6) limited the inflammatory response as shown by expression of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and IL6 as observed after the natural death/euthanasia.
28407595	4	0	from	denitrificans	560:572	arg1	oxidase					544:550	cytochrome c oxidase	531:550	cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI	531:623	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	4	0	from	denitrificans	560:572	arg1	example					511:517	an example	508:517	an example	508:517	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	6	1	theme	release	832:838	arg1	kinetics					840:847	Proton release kinetics	825:847	Proton release kinetics	825:847	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	7	2	theme	FLIPR	1047:1051	arg1	assay					1053:1057	a FLIPR assay	1045:1057	a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs	1045:1085	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	1	3	theme	membrane	167:174	arg1	transporters					210:221	transporters	210:221	transporters	210:221	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	1	3	theme	membrane	167:174	arg1	channels					197:204	ion channels	193:204	ion channels	193:204	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	1	3	theme	membrane	167:174	arg1	proteins					176:183	membrane proteins	167:183	membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters	167:221	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	4	4	theme	c	542:542	arg1	oxidase					544:550	cytochrome c oxidase	531:550	cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI	531:623	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	4	4	theme	c	542:542	arg1	example					511:517	an example	508:517	an example	508:517	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	6	5	theme	Proton	825:830	arg1	kinetics					840:847	Proton release kinetics	825:847	Proton release kinetics	825:847	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	9	6	theme	throughput	1335:1344	arg1	applications					1356:1367	high throughput screening applications	1330:1367	high throughput screening applications	1330:1367	In addition, the FLIPR assay demonstrates the feasibility of PLBs for high throughput screening applications.
28407595	5	7	theme	Ru	811:812	arg1	complexes					814:822	Ru complexes	811:822	Ru complexes	811:822	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	3	8	theme	lipid	476:480	arg1	micelles					482:489	lipid micelles	476:489	lipid micelles	476:489	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	4	9	theme	cytochrome	531:540	arg1	oxidase					544:550	cytochrome c oxidase	531:550	cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI	531:623	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	4	9	theme	cytochrome	531:540	arg1	example					511:517	an example	508:517	an example	508:517	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	4	10	with	oxidase	544:550	arg1	his-tag					581:587	a his-tag	579:587	a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI	579:623	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	2	11	theme	agarose	297:303	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	6	12	theme	molecule	917:924	arg1	DHPE					938:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE	893:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer	893:971	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	2	13	theme	-functionalized	281:295	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	1	14	dep	systems	144:150	arg1	encapsulate					155:165	encapsulate	155:165	to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters	152:221	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	6	15	theme	sensor	910:915	arg1	DHPE					938:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE	893:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer	893:971	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	7	16	theme	FRET	1097:1100	arg1	CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2					1107:1122	the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2	1093:1122	the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3)	1093:1125	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	7	16	theme	FRET	1097:1100	arg1	3					1124:1124	3	1124:1124	3	1124:1124	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	7	17	from	PLBs	1082:1085	arg1	embedded					1070:1077	embedded	1070:1077	embedded	1070:1077	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	7	18	theme	potentials	1021:1030	arg1	generation					998:1007	the generation	994:1007	the generation of membrane potentials	994:1030	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	8	19	theme	membrane	1241:1248	arg1	proteins					1250:1257	membrane proteins	1241:1257	membrane proteins	1241:1257	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	9	20	theme	high	1330:1333	arg1	applications					1356:1367	high throughput screening applications	1330:1367	high throughput screening applications	1330:1367	In addition, the FLIPR assay demonstrates the feasibility of PLBs for high throughput screening applications.
28407595	9	21	theme	PLBs	1321:1324	arg1	feasibility					1306:1316	the feasibility	1302:1316	the feasibility of PLBs	1302:1324	In addition, the FLIPR assay demonstrates the feasibility of PLBs for high throughput screening applications.
28407595	7	22	theme	pair	1102:1105	arg1	CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2					1107:1122	the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2	1093:1122	the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3)	1093:1125	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	7	22	theme	pair	1102:1105	arg1	3					1124:1124	3	1124:1124	3	1124:1124	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	2	23	theme	Ni-NTA	274:279	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	2	24	theme	his	370:372	arg1	-tag					374:377	histidine(his)-tag	360:377	histidine(his)-tag	360:377	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	1	25	theme	ion	193:195	arg1	channels					197:204	ion channels	193:204	ion channels	193:204	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	5	26	theme	outer	731:735	arg1	phase					745:749	the outer aqueous phase	727:749	the outer aqueous phase	727:749	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	6	27	theme	pH-sensitive	897:908	arg1	DHPE					938:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE	893:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer	893:971	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	7	28	theme	membrane	1012:1019	arg1	potentials					1021:1030	membrane potentials	1012:1030	membrane potentials	1012:1030	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	8	29	used	used	1171:1174	arg2	system					1187:1192	a model system	1179:1192	a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins	1179:1257	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	8	29	used	used	1171:1174	arg2	PLBs					1159:1162	PLBs	1159:1162	PLBs	1159:1162	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	2	30	theme	histidine	360:368	arg1	-tag					374:377	histidine(his)-tag	360:377	histidine(his)-tag	360:377	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	0	31	theme	cytochrome	32:41	arg1	oxidase					45:51	cytochrome c oxidase	32:51	cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans	32:81	Proteo-lipobeads to encapsulate cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans.
28407595	5	32	theme	P	650:650	arg1	side					652:655	the P side	646:655	the P side of CcO	646:662	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	3	33	dep	micelles	482:489	arg1	the					460:462	the	460:462	the	460:462	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	3	33	dep	micelles	482:489	arg1	presence					464:471	presence	464:471	presence	464:471	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	9	34	theme	screening	1346:1354	arg1	applications					1356:1367	high throughput screening applications	1330:1367	high throughput screening applications	1330:1367	In addition, the FLIPR assay demonstrates the feasibility of PLBs for high throughput screening applications.
28407595	8	35	theme	proteins	1250:1257	arg1	parameters					1227:1236	the kinetic parameters	1215:1236	the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins	1215:1257	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	5	36	theme	complexes	814:822	arg1	excitation					797:806	light excitation	791:806	light excitation of Ru complexes	791:822	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	7	37	theme	embedded	1070:1077	arg1	CcO					1066:1068	the CcO	1062:1068	the CcO embedded in PLBs	1062:1085	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	3	38	theme	Composite	380:388	arg1	proteobeads					431:441	subsequently called proteobeads	411:441	subsequently called proteobeads	411:441	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	3	38	theme	Composite	380:388	arg1	beads					390:394	Composite beads	380:394	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads)	380:442	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	5	39	theme	electron	757:764	arg1	transfer					766:773	electron transfer	757:773	electron transfer	757:773	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	2	40	theme	nickel	242:247	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	4	41	theme	subunitI	616:623	arg1	C-terminus					602:611	the C-terminus	598:611	the C-terminus of subunitI	598:623	As an example we employed cytochrome c oxidase from P. denitrificans with a his-tag fused to the C-terminus of subunitI.
28407595	3	42	theme	called	424:429	arg1	proteobeads					431:441	subsequently called proteobeads	411:441	subsequently called proteobeads	411:441	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	3	42	theme	called	424:429	arg1	beads					390:394	Composite beads	380:394	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads)	380:442	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	0	43	theme	c	43:43	arg1	oxidase					45:51	cytochrome c oxidase	32:51	cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans	32:81	Proteo-lipobeads to encapsulate cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans.
28407595	6	44	theme	fluorescence	863:874	arg1	microscopy					876:885	fluorescence microscopy	863:885	fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer	863:971	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	5	45	theme	CcO	660:662	arg1	side					652:655	the P side	646:655	the P side of CcO	646:662	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	6	46	theme	fluorescein	926:936	arg1	DHPE					938:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE	893:941	the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer	893:971	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	3	47	dep	obtained	401:408	arg1	proteobeads					431:441	subsequently called proteobeads	411:441	subsequently called proteobeads	411:441	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	3	47	dep	obtained	401:408	arg1	beads					390:394	Composite beads	380:394	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads)	380:442	Composite beads thus obtained (subsequently called proteobeads) are dialyzed in the presence of lipid micelles to form PLBs.
28407595	5	48	theme	aqueous	737:743	arg1	phase					745:749	the outer aqueous phase	727:749	the outer aqueous phase	727:749	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	0	49	theme	Paracoccus	58:67	arg1	denitrificans					69:81	Paracoccus denitrificans	58:81	Paracoccus denitrificans	58:81	Proteo-lipobeads to encapsulate cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans.
28407595	0	50	from	denitrificans	69:81	arg1	oxidase					45:51	cytochrome c oxidase	32:51	cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans	32:81	Proteo-lipobeads to encapsulate cytochrome c oxidase from Paracoccus denitrificans.
28407595	7	51	from	embedded	1070:1077	arg1	PLBs					1082:1085	PLBs	1082:1085	PLBs	1082:1085	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	1	52	theme	cell-free	128:136	arg1	Proteo-lipobeads					84:99	Proteo-lipobeads	84:99	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs)	84:106	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	1	52	theme	cell-free	128:136	arg1	systems					144:150	cell-free model systems	128:150	cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters	128:221	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	7	53	from	assay	1053:1057	arg1	CcO					1066:1068	the CcO	1062:1068	the CcO embedded in PLBs	1062:1085	In order to monitor the generation of membrane potentials we performed a FLIPR assay on the CcO embedded in PLBs using the FRET pair CC2-DMPE/DiSBAC2(3).
28407595	1	54	theme	model	138:142	arg1	Proteo-lipobeads					84:99	Proteo-lipobeads	84:99	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs)	84:106	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	1	54	theme	model	138:142	arg1	systems					144:150	cell-free model systems	128:150	cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters	128:221	Proteo-lipobeads (PLBs) are investigated as cell-free model systems to encapsulate membrane proteins such as ion channels and transporters.
28407595	5	55	theme	light	791:795	arg1	excitation					797:806	light excitation	791:806	light excitation of Ru complexes	791:822	In this orientation the P side of CcO faces the outside of the PLB and hence protons are released to the outer aqueous phase, when electron transfer is initiated by light excitation of Ru complexes.
28407595	6	56	theme	lipid	961:965	arg1	layer					967:971	the lipid layer	957:971	the lipid layer	957:971	Proton release kinetics was probed by fluorescence microscopy using the pH-sensitive sensor molecule fluorescein DHPE inserted into the lipid layer.
28407595	2	57	theme	acid	268:271	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	2	58	theme	membrane	323:330	arg1	MP					342:343	MP	342:343	MP	342:343	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	2	58	theme	membrane	323:330	arg1	proteins					332:339	membrane proteins	323:339	membrane proteins (MP)	323:344	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	8	59	theme	kinetic	1219:1225	arg1	parameters					1227:1236	the kinetic parameters	1215:1236	the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins	1215:1257	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	2	60	theme	tri-acetic	257:266	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28407595	8	61	theme	model	1181:1185	arg1	system					1187:1192	a model system	1179:1192	a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins	1179:1257	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	8	61	theme	model	1181:1185	arg1	PLBs					1159:1162	PLBs	1159:1162	PLBs	1159:1162	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	9	62	theme	FLIPR	1277:1281	arg1	assay					1283:1287	the FLIPR assay	1273:1287	the FLIPR assay	1273:1287	In addition, the FLIPR assay demonstrates the feasibility of PLBs for high throughput screening applications.
28407595	8	63	theme	combined	1132:1139	arg1	results					1141:1147	The combined results	1128:1147	The combined results	1128:1147	The combined results show that PLBs can be used as a model system designed to quantify the kinetic parameters of membrane proteins.
28407595	2	64	theme	nitrile	249:255	arg1	beads					305:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads	242:309	PLBs are based on nickel nitrile tri-acetic acid (Ni-NTA)-functionalized agarose beads, onto which membrane proteins (MP) are bound via histidine(his)-tag.
28284932	2	0	theme	cyanine	447:453	arg1	dye					463:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	3	1	from	process	608:614	arg1	influences					563:572	the influences	559:572	the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency	559:725	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	0	2	from	shells	33:38	arg1	extraction					9:18	Chitosan extraction	0:18	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells	0:38	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	2	3	theme	eriochrome	436:445	arg1	dye					463:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	7	4	theme	ECR	1341:1343	arg1	%					1336:1336	97.06%	1331:1336	97.06% of ECR	1331:1343	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	7	4	theme	ECR	1341:1343	arg1	ions					1364:1367	Pb2+ ions	1359:1367	Pb2+ ions	1359:1367	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	7	4	theme	ECR	1341:1343	arg1	ECR					1341:1343	ECR	1341:1343	ECR	1341:1343	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	7	4	theme	ECR	1341:1343	arg1	%					1354:1354	99.29%	1349:1354	99.29% of Pb2+ ions	1349:1367	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	6	5	theme	set	1160:1162	arg1	as:19.34					1164:1171	set as:19.34	1160:1171	set as:19.34	1160:1171	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	5	6	theme	F-value	889:895	arg1	parameter					897:905	the F-value parameter	885:905	the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively)	885:969	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	3	7	from	influences	563:572	arg1	efficiency					716:725	the removal efficiency	704:725	the removal efficiency	704:725	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	7	from	influences	563:572	arg1	process					608:614	removal process	600:614	removal process	600:614	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	8	theme	initial	624:630	arg1	ECR					632:634	initial ECR	624:634	initial ECR	624:634	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	9	theme	composite	478:486	arg1	SCCD					496:499	SCCD	496:499	SCCD	496:499	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	9	theme	composite	478:486	arg1	design					488:493	A central composite design	468:493	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology	468:535	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	0	10	theme	simultaneous	86:97	arg1	removal					99:105	simultaneous removal	86:105	simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions	86:118	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	5	11	theme	low	980:982	arg1	<0.0001					993:999	<0.0001	993:999	<0.0001	993:999	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	5	11	theme	low	980:982	arg1	p-value					984:990	very low p-value	975:990	very low p-value (<0.0001)	975:1000	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	4	12	theme	quadratic	789:797	arg1	model					799:803	a quadratic model	787:803	a quadratic model	787:803	Linear, 2FI, quadratic and cubic models were performed and a quadratic model was selected for analysis of each response.
28284932	7	13	theme	Pb2+	1359:1362	arg1	ions					1364:1367	Pb2+ ions	1359:1367	Pb2+ ions	1359:1367	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	0	14	theme	Pb2+	110:113	arg1	ions					115:118	Pb2+ ions	110:118	Pb2+ ions	110:118	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	5	15	dep	ECR	930:932	arg1	ions					943:946	ions	943:946	ions	943:946	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	2	16	theme	ECR	458:460	arg1	dye					463:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	3	17	theme	Pb2+	640:643	arg1	ions					645:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	4	18	theme	cubic	755:759	arg1	models					761:766	cubic models	755:766	cubic models	755:766	Linear, 2FI, quadratic and cubic models were performed and a quadratic model was selected for analysis of each response.
28284932	2	19	theme	ultrasound-assisted	391:409	arg1	removal					411:417	the ultrasound-assisted removal	387:417	the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions	387:430	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	6	20	theme	ion	1232:1234	arg1	concentrations					1236:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	20	theme	ion	1232:1234	arg1	mass					1262:1265	adsorbent mass	1252:1265	adsorbent mass	1252:1265	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	20	theme	ion	1232:1234	arg1	time					1282:1285	sonication time	1271:1285	sonication time	1271:1285	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	0	21	theme	MWCNT	76:80	arg1	dye					145:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	6	22	theme	sonication	1271:1280	arg1	concentrations					1236:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	22	theme	sonication	1271:1280	arg1	time					1282:1285	sonication time	1271:1285	sonication time	1271:1285	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	0	23	theme	Chitosan	0:7	arg1	extraction					9:18	Chitosan extraction	0:18	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells	0:38	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	6	24	theme	optimum	1118:1124	arg1	condition					1126:1134	the optimum condition	1114:1134	the optimum condition	1114:1134	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	7	25	theme	short	1387:1391	arg1	time					1393:1396	a short time	1385:1396	a short time	1385:1396	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	0	26	theme	lobster	25:31	arg1	shells					33:38	lobster shells	25:38	lobster shells	25:38	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	3	27	theme	sonication	685:694	arg1	ECR					632:634	initial ECR	624:634	initial ECR	624:634	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	27	theme	sonication	685:694	arg1	ions					645:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	27	theme	sonication	685:694	arg1	variables					587:595	important variables	577:595	important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations	577:663	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	27	theme	sonication	685:694	arg1	time					696:699	sonication time	685:699	sonication time	685:699	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	6	28	theme	Pb2+	1227:1230	arg1	concentrations					1236:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	28	theme	Pb2+	1227:1230	arg1	mass					1262:1265	adsorbent mass	1252:1265	adsorbent mass	1252:1265	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	28	theme	Pb2+	1227:1230	arg1	time					1282:1285	sonication time	1271:1285	sonication time	1271:1285	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	29	theme	maximum	1097:1103	arg1	removal					1105:1111	maximum removal	1097:1111	maximum removal	1097:1111	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	30	theme	adsorbent	1252:1260	arg1	concentrations					1236:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	Pb2+ ion concentrations	1227:1249	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	6	30	theme	adsorbent	1252:1260	arg1	mass					1262:1265	adsorbent mass	1252:1265	adsorbent mass	1252:1265	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	5	31	dep	820.44	908:913	arg1	removal					948:954	removal	948:954	820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal	908:954	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	3	32	theme	adsorbent	666:674	arg1	ECR					632:634	initial ECR	624:634	initial ECR	624:634	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	32	theme	adsorbent	666:674	arg1	ions					645:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	32	theme	adsorbent	666:674	arg1	variables					587:595	important variables	577:595	important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations	577:663	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	32	theme	adsorbent	666:674	arg1	mass					676:679	adsorbent mass	666:679	adsorbent mass	666:679	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	0	33	theme	ions	115:118	arg1	removal					99:105	simultaneous removal	86:105	simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions	86:118	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	3	34	theme	important	577:585	arg1	ECR					632:634	initial ECR	624:634	initial ECR	624:634	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	34	theme	important	577:585	arg1	ions					645:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	Pb2+ ions	640:648	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	34	theme	important	577:585	arg1	variables					587:595	important variables	577:595	important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations	577:663	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	34	theme	important	577:585	arg1	mass					676:679	adsorbent mass	666:679	adsorbent mass	666:679	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	34	theme	important	577:585	arg1	time					696:699	sonication time	685:699	sonication time	685:699	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	5	35	theme	quadratic	863:871	arg1	model					873:877	the quadratic model	859:877	the quadratic model	859:877	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	5	36	theme	analytes	1065:1072	arg1	adsorption					1074:1083	understudy analytes adsorption	1054:1083	understudy analytes adsorption	1054:1083	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	0	37	theme	cyanine	135:141	arg1	dye					145:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	3	38	theme	variables	587:595	arg1	influences					563:572	the influences	559:572	the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency	559:725	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	39	dep	ECR	632:634	arg1	concentrations					650:663	concentrations	650:663	concentrations	650:663	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	2	40	theme	ions	427:430	arg1	removal					411:417	the ultrasound-assisted removal	387:417	the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions	387:430	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	2	40	theme	ions	427:430	arg1	dye					463:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	1	41	theme	amino	258:262	arg1	MWCNT					308:312	MWCNT	308:312	MWCNT	308:312	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	1	41	theme	amino	258:262	arg1	nanotube					298:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube	258:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)	258:313	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	0	42	theme	eriochrome	124:133	arg1	dye					145:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	5	43	dep	parameter	897:905	arg1	820.44					908:913	820.44	908:913	820.44	908:913	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	5	43	dep	parameter	897:905	arg1	537.12					919:924	537.12	919:924	537.12	919:924	ANOVA for the quadratic model shows the F-value parameter (820.44 and 537.12 for ECR and Pb2+ ions removal, respectively) and very low p-value (<0.0001), implying that the model was highly significant for understudy analytes adsorption.
28284932	3	44	from	variables	587:595	arg1	process					608:614	removal process	600:614	removal process	600:614	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	2	45	theme	Pb2+	422:425	arg1	ions					427:430	Pb2+ ions	422:430	Pb2+ ions	422:430	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	1	46	theme	functionalized	264:277	arg1	MWCNT					308:312	MWCNT	308:312	MWCNT	308:312	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	1	46	theme	functionalized	264:277	arg1	nanotube					298:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube	258:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)	258:313	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	6	47	theme	initial	1211:1217	arg1	ECR					1219:1221	initial ECR	1211:1221	initial ECR	1211:1221	To achieve maximum removal, the optimum condition was determined and were set as:19.34 and 18.20mgL-1,0.018g and 9.35min for initial ECR and Pb2+ ion concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time, respectively.
28284932	3	48	theme	response	508:515	arg1	methodology					525:535	response surface methodology	508:535	response surface methodology	508:535	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	4	49	theme	response	839:846	arg1	analysis					822:829	analysis	822:829	analysis of each response	822:846	Linear, 2FI, quadratic and cubic models were performed and a quadratic model was selected for analysis of each response.
28284932	1	50	theme	multiwalled	279:289	arg1	MWCNT					308:312	MWCNT	308:312	MWCNT	308:312	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	1	50	theme	multiwalled	279:289	arg1	nanotube					298:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube	258:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)	258:313	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	0	51	theme	R	143:143	arg1	dye					145:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	7	52	theme	ions	1364:1367	arg1	%					1336:1336	97.06%	1331:1336	97.06% of ECR	1331:1343	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	7	52	theme	ions	1364:1367	arg1	ions					1364:1367	Pb2+ ions	1359:1367	Pb2+ ions	1359:1367	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	7	52	theme	ions	1364:1367	arg1	ECR					1341:1343	ECR	1341:1343	ECR	1341:1343	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	7	52	theme	ions	1364:1367	arg1	%					1354:1354	99.29%	1349:1354	99.29% of Pb2+ ions	1349:1367	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	3	53	theme	surface	517:523	arg1	methodology					525:535	response surface methodology	508:535	response surface methodology	508:535	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	1	54	theme	carbon	291:296	arg1	MWCNT					308:312	MWCNT	308:312	MWCNT	308:312	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	1	54	theme	carbon	291:296	arg1	nanotube					298:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube	258:305	amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)	258:313	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	2	55	used	used	378:381	arg2	material					327:334	This novel material	316:334	This novel material	316:334	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	1	56	theme	lobster	204:210	arg1	Iran					234:237	Iran	234:237	Iran	234:237	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	1	56	theme	lobster	204:210	arg1	shells					212:217	lobster shells	204:217	lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran)	204:238	Chitosan (CS) extracted from lobster shells (Persian Gulf, Iran), was grafted with amino functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT).
28284932	3	57	theme	central	470:476	arg1	SCCD					496:499	SCCD	496:499	SCCD	496:499	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	57	theme	central	470:476	arg1	design					488:493	A central composite design	468:493	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology	468:535	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	7	58	theme	optimum	1311:1317	arg1	conditions					1319:1328	these optimum conditions	1305:1328	these optimum conditions	1305:1328	At these optimum conditions, 97.06% of ECR and 99.29% of Pb2+ ions were removed in a short time.
28284932	3	59	used	used	541:544	arg2	SCCD					496:499	SCCD	496:499	SCCD	496:499	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	3	59	used	used	541:544	arg2	design					488:493	A central composite design	468:493	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology	468:535	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	0	60	theme	functionalized	61:74	arg1	dye					145:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye	61:147	Chitosan extraction from lobster shells and its grafted with functionalized MWCNT for simultaneous removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R dye after their complexation.
28284932	3	61	theme	removal	600:606	arg1	process					608:614	removal process	600:614	removal process	600:614	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
28284932	2	62	theme	R	455:455	arg1	dye					463:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye	436:465	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	2	63	theme	novel	321:325	arg1	material					327:334	This novel material	316:334	This novel material	316:334	This novel material was characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR and used for the ultrasound-assisted removal of Pb2+ ions and eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) dye.
28284932	3	64	theme	removal	708:714	arg1	efficiency					716:725	the removal efficiency	704:725	the removal efficiency	704:725	A central composite design (SCCD) under response surface methodology was used for studying the influences of important variables in removal process such as initial ECR and Pb2+ ions concentrations, adsorbent mass and sonication time on the removal efficiency.
25624096	4	0	theme	anticancer	837:846	arg1	efficacy					848:855	anticancer efficacy	837:855	anticancer efficacy	837:855	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	1	1	theme	composite	134:142	arg1	system					149:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system	117:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS)	117:304	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	1	theme	composite	134:142	arg1	complexes					179:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	0	2	theme	gene	74:77	arg1	therapy					79:85	p53 gene therapy	70:85	p53 gene therapy	70:85	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	3	theme	tumor-targeted	338:351	arg1	imaging					353:359	tumor-targeted imaging	338:359	tumor-targeted imaging	338:359	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	2	4	dep	in	433:434	arg1	vivo					436:439	vivo	436:439	vivo	436:439	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	1	5	theme	nano	144:147	arg1	system					149:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system	117:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS)	117:304	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	5	theme	nano	144:147	arg1	complexes					179:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	0	6	theme	lung	90:93	arg1	cancer					95:100	lung cancer	90:100	lung cancer	90:100	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	3	7	theme	p53	667:669	arg1	profile					682:688	efficient p53 protection profile	657:688	efficient p53 protection profile	657:688	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	2	8	theme	targeting	540:548	arg1	polymer					550:556	targeting polymer	540:556	targeting polymer	540:556	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	4	9	from	Experiments	745:755	arg1	line					770:773	A549 cell line	760:773	A549 cell line	760:773	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	3	10	theme	superior	695:702	arg1	stability					725:733	superior bovine serum albumin stability	695:733	superior bovine serum albumin stability	695:733	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	5	11	theme	MB-NSi-p53-CS	958:970	arg1	system					1008:1013	a preferable system	995:1013	a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	995:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	5	11	theme	MB-NSi-p53-CS	958:970	arg1	complexes					980:988	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	958:988	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	958:988	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	2	12	theme	gene	486:489	arg1	vector					491:496	gene vector	486:496	gene vector	486:496	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	1	13	theme	p53	365:367	arg1	therapy					374:380	p53 gene therapy	365:380	p53 gene therapy	365:380	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	4	14	theme	p53	815:817	arg1	transfection					819:830	high p53 transfection	810:830	high p53 transfection	810:830	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	5	15	theme	ternary	972:978	arg1	system					1008:1013	a preferable system	995:1013	a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	995:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	5	15	theme	ternary	972:978	arg1	complexes					980:988	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	958:988	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	958:988	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	0	16	theme	cancer	95:100	arg1	therapy					79:85	p53 gene therapy	70:85	p53 gene therapy	70:85	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	0	16	theme	cancer	95:100	arg1	imaging					58:64	tumor-targeted imaging	43:64	tumor-targeted imaging	43:64	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	17	theme	gene	369:372	arg1	therapy					374:380	p53 gene therapy	365:380	p53 gene therapy	365:380	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	4	18	theme	high	810:813	arg1	transfection					819:830	high p53 transfection	810:830	high p53 transfection	810:830	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	0	19	theme	silica-polymer	2:15	arg1	system					32:37	A silica-polymer composite nano system	0:37	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.	0:101	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	2	20	theme	MB-NSi	450:455	arg1	nanoparticles					457:469	MB-NSi nanoparticles	450:469	MB-NSi nanoparticles	450:469	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	5	21	theme	preferable	997:1006	arg1	system					1008:1013	a preferable system	995:1013	a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	995:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	5	21	theme	preferable	997:1006	arg1	complexes					980:988	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	958:988	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	958:988	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	5	22	theme	tumor	913:917	arg1	assays					933:938	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays	893:938	assays	933:938	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	3	23	theme	bovine	704:709	arg1	albumin					717:723	bovine serum albumin	704:723	superior bovine serum albumin stability	695:733	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	1	24	theme	MB-NSi-p53-CS	157:169	arg1	system					149:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system	117:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS)	117:304	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	24	theme	MB-NSi-p53-CS	157:169	arg1	complexes					179:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	3	25	theme	efficient	657:665	arg1	profile					682:688	efficient p53 protection profile	657:688	efficient p53 protection profile	657:688	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	5	26	theme	targetability	919:931	arg1	assays					933:938	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays	893:938	assays	933:938	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	1	27	theme	ternary	171:177	arg1	system					149:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system	117:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS)	117:304	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	27	theme	ternary	171:177	arg1	complexes					179:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	0	28	theme	nano	27:30	arg1	system					32:37	A silica-polymer composite nano system	0:37	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.	0:101	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	29	theme	chondroitin	281:291	arg1	sulfate					293:299	chondroitin sulfate	281:299	chondroitin sulfate (CS)	281:304	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	29	theme	chondroitin	281:291	arg1	CS					302:303	CS	302:303	CS	302:303	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	3	30	theme	effective	621:629	arg1	ability					648:654	effective p53 condensation ability	621:654	effective p53 condensation ability	621:654	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	5	31	theme	tumor-targeting	1042:1056	arg1	properties					1058:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	0	32	theme	composite	17:25	arg1	system					32:37	A silica-polymer composite nano system	0:37	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.	0:101	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	3	33	theme	serum	711:715	arg1	albumin					717:723	bovine serum albumin	704:723	superior bovine serum albumin stability	695:733	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	5	34	dep	In	893:894	arg1	vivo					896:899	vivo	896:899	vivo	896:899	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	3	35	theme	albumin	717:723	arg1	stability					725:733	superior bovine serum albumin stability	695:733	superior bovine serum albumin stability	695:733	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	1	36	theme	lung	385:388	arg1	cancer					390:395	lung cancer	385:395	lung cancer	385:395	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	4	37	theme	low	792:794	arg1	cytotoxicity					796:807	low cytotoxicity	792:807	low cytotoxicity	792:807	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	1	38	theme	cancer	390:395	arg1	imaging					353:359	tumor-targeted imaging	338:359	tumor-targeted imaging	338:359	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	38	theme	cancer	390:395	arg1	therapy					374:380	p53 gene therapy	365:380	p53 gene therapy	365:380	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	2	39	theme	NIR	419:421	arg1	probe					423:427	a NIR probe	417:427	a NIR probe for in vivo imaging	417:447	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	2	39	theme	NIR	419:421	arg1	MB					398:399	MB	398:399	MB	398:399	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	4	40	theme	ternary	874:880	arg1	complexes					882:890	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	860:890	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	860:890	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	5	41	theme	imaging	1030:1036	arg1	properties					1058:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	5	42	theme	In	893:894	arg1	imaging					901:907	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays	893:938	imaging	901:907	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	0	43	theme	tumor-targeted	43:56	arg1	imaging					58:64	tumor-targeted imaging	43:64	tumor-targeted imaging	43:64	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	4	44	theme	MB-NSi-p53-CS	860:872	arg1	complexes					882:890	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	860:890	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	860:890	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	2	45	theme	in	433:434	arg1	imaging					441:447	in vivo imaging	433:447	in vivo imaging	433:447	MB was employed as a NIR probe for in vivo imaging, MB-NSi nanoparticles were served as gene vector, while CS was applied to be a coating and targeting polymer.
25624096	3	46	theme	nanosized	601:609	arg1	diameter					611:618	nanosized diameter	601:618	nanosized diameter	601:618	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	4	47	theme	cell	765:768	arg1	line					770:773	A549 cell line	760:773	A549 cell line	760:773	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	5	48	theme	desirable	1020:1028	arg1	properties					1058:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	1	49	theme	methylene	202:210	arg1	MB-NSi					269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	49	theme	methylene	202:210	arg1	nanoparticles					254:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles	202:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi)	202:275	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	4	50	theme	complexes	882:890	arg1	transfection					819:830	high p53 transfection	810:830	high p53 transfection	810:830	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	4	50	theme	complexes	882:890	arg1	efficacy					848:855	anticancer efficacy	837:855	anticancer efficacy	837:855	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	4	50	theme	complexes	882:890	arg1	cytotoxicity					796:807	low cytotoxicity	792:807	low cytotoxicity	792:807	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	3	51	theme	p53	631:633	arg1	ability					648:654	effective p53 condensation ability	621:654	effective p53 condensation ability	621:654	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	4	52	theme	A549	760:763	arg1	line					770:773	A549 cell line	760:773	A549 cell line	760:773	Experiments on A549 cell line further revealed low cytotoxicity, high p53 transfection, and anticancer efficacy of MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes.
25624096	1	53	theme	blue-encapsulated	212:228	arg1	MB-NSi					269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	53	theme	blue-encapsulated	212:228	arg1	nanoparticles					254:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles	202:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi)	202:275	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	0	54	theme	p53	70:72	arg1	therapy					79:85	p53 gene therapy	70:85	p53 gene therapy	70:85	A silica-polymer composite nano system for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	3	55	theme	condensation	635:646	arg1	ability					648:654	effective p53 condensation ability	621:654	effective p53 condensation ability	621:654	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	3	56	theme	MB-NSi-p53-CS	559:571	arg1	complexes					581:589	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	559:589	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	559:589	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	1	57	theme	amine-terminated	230:245	arg1	MB-NSi					269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	57	theme	amine-terminated	230:245	arg1	nanoparticles					254:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles	202:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi)	202:275	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	5	58	with	system	1008:1013	arg1	properties					1058:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties	1020:1067	In vivo imaging and tumor targetability assays demonstrated that MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes were a preferable system with desirable imaging and tumor-targeting properties.
25624096	3	59	theme	protection	671:680	arg1	profile					682:688	efficient p53 protection profile	657:688	efficient p53 protection profile	657:688	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	3	60	theme	ternary	573:579	arg1	complexes					581:589	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	559:589	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	559:589	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes displayed nanosized diameter, effective p53 condensation ability, efficient p53 protection profile, and superior bovine serum albumin stability in vitro.
25624096	1	61	theme	silica-polymer	119:132	arg1	system					149:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system	117:154	a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS)	117:304	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	61	theme	silica-polymer	119:132	arg1	complexes					179:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes	157:187	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	62	theme	silica	247:252	arg1	MB-NSi					269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	MB-NSi	269:274	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
25624096	1	62	theme	silica	247:252	arg1	nanoparticles					254:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles	202:266	methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi)	202:275	In our study, a silica-polymer composite nano system (MB-NSi-p53-CS ternary complexes) composed of methylene blue-encapsulated amine-terminated silica nanoparticles (MB-NSi) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were successfully developed for tumor-targeted imaging and p53 gene therapy of lung cancer.
28747404	2	0	theme	glycoprotein	479:490	arg1	targeting					458:466	apical targeting	451:466	apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135)	451:498	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	4	1	theme	Gal-8	576:580	arg1	knockdown					582:590	Gal-8 knockdown	576:590	Gal-8 knockdown	576:590	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	0	2	theme	apical	79:84	arg1	surface					86:92	the apical surface	75:92	the apical surface of renal epithelial cells	75:118	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	6	3	from	role	1054:1057	arg1	development					1075:1085	the development	1071:1085	the development of luminal organs	1071:1103	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	1	4	theme	correct	169:175	arg1	targeting					177:185	correct targeting	169:185	correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane	169:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	0	5	theme	renal	97:101	arg1	cells					114:118	renal epithelial cells	97:118	renal epithelial cells	97:118	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	7	6	theme	renal	1291:1295	arg1	cells					1308:1312	renal epithelial cells	1291:1312	renal epithelial cells	1291:1312	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	2	7	theme	galectin	356:363	arg1	Gal					366:368	galectin (Gal)-8	356:371	galectin (Gal)-8	356:371	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	6	8	theme	protein	1148:1154	arg1	targeting					1119:1127	targeting	1119:1127	targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S	1119:1191	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	3	9	theme	synthesized	528:538	arg1	Gp135					540:544	newly synthesized Gp135	522:544	newly synthesized Gp135	522:544	Gal-8 interacts with newly synthesized Gp135 in a glycan-dependent manner.
28747404	4	10	theme	cells	738:742	arg1	polarity					721:728	the kidney epithelial polarity	699:728	the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface	699:787	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	1	11	theme	fundamental	261:271	arg1	Establishment					121:133	Establishment	121:133	Establishment	121:133	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	1	11	theme	fundamental	261:271	arg1	process					273:279	a fundamental process	259:279	a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules	259:333	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	4	12	theme	MDCK	733:736	arg1	cells					738:742	MDCK cells	733:742	MDCK cells	733:742	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	4	13	theme	lateral	623:629	arg1	Gp135					658:662	Gp135	658:662	Gp135	658:662	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	4	13	theme	lateral	623:629	arg1	domain					631:636	the lateral domain	619:636	the lateral domain	619:636	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	4	14	theme	epithelial	710:719	arg1	polarity					721:728	the kidney epithelial polarity	699:728	the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface	699:787	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	0	15	theme	cells	114:118	arg1	surface					86:92	the apical surface	75:92	the apical surface of renal epithelial cells	75:118	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	5	16	theme	Gp135	829:833	arg1	mutant					819:824	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant	790:824	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135	790:833	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	2	17	theme	canine	420:425	arg1	MDCK					435:438	MDCK	435:438	MDCK	435:438	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	2	17	theme	canine	420:425	arg1	kidney					427:432	Madin-Darby canine kidney	408:432	Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	408:445	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	5	18	theme	Gal-8	861:865	arg1	knockdown					867:875	Gal-8 knockdown	861:875	Gal-8 knockdown	861:875	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	4	19	theme	Gp135	658:662	arg1	Gp135					658:662	Gp135	658:662	Gp135	658:662	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	4	19	theme	Gp135	658:662	arg1	mistargeting					642:653	mistargeting	642:653	mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure	642:680	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	4	19	theme	Gp135	658:662	arg1	domain					631:636	the lateral domain	619:636	the lateral domain	619:636	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	0	20	theme	epithelial	103:112	arg1	cells					114:118	renal epithelial cells	97:118	renal epithelial cells	97:118	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	7	21	theme	apical	1273:1278	arg1	surface					1280:1286	the apical surface	1269:1286	the apical surface of renal epithelial cells	1269:1312	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	4	22	theme	aberrant	600:607	arg1	lumens					609:614	aberrant lumens	600:614	aberrant lumens	600:614	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	2	23	theme	apical-basal	383:394	arg1	polarity					396:403	apical-basal polarity	383:403	apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	383:445	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	2	24	theme	cells	441:445	arg1	polarity					396:403	apical-basal polarity	383:403	apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	383:445	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	2	25	theme	135-kDa	471:477	arg1	Gp135					493:497	Gp135	493:497	Gp135	493:497	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	2	25	theme	135-kDa	471:477	arg1	glycoprotein					479:490	135-kDa glycoprotein	471:490	135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135)	471:498	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	6	26	theme	Gal-8	1062:1066	arg1	role					1054:1057	a new role	1048:1057	a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs	1048:1103	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	3	27	theme	glycan-dependent	551:566	arg1	manner					568:573	a glycan-dependent manner	549:573	a glycan-dependent manner	549:573	Gal-8 interacts with newly synthesized Gp135 in a glycan-dependent manner.
28747404	7	28	theme	Gp135/podocalyxin	1228:1244	arg1	targeting					1215:1223	targeting	1215:1223	targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation	1215:1264	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	1	29	theme	polarity	190:197	arg1	determinants					199:210	polarity determinants	190:210	polarity determinants	190:210	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	5	30	theme	O-glycosylation	794:808	arg1	mutant					819:824	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant	790:824	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135	790:833	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	6	31	theme	apical	1132:1137	arg1	protein					1148:1154	apical polarity protein	1132:1154	apical polarity protein	1132:1154	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	6	32	theme	polarity	1139:1146	arg1	protein					1148:1154	apical polarity protein	1132:1154	apical polarity protein	1132:1154	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	1	33	theme	determinants	199:210	arg1	targeting					177:185	correct targeting	169:185	correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane	169:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	5	34	theme	deletion	810:817	arg1	mutant					819:824	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant	790:824	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135	790:833	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	5	35	theme	decoding	911:918	arg1	machinery					920:928	the decoding machinery	907:928	the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region	907:1012	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	5	35	theme	decoding	911:918	arg1	Gal-8					898:902	Gal-8	898:902	Gal-8	898:902	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	5	36	theme	apical	938:943	arg1	signals					953:959	the apical sorting signals	934:959	the apical sorting signals of Gp135	934:968	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	2	37	theme	kidney	427:432	arg1	cells					441:445	Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	408:445	Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	408:445	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	6	38	theme	luminal	1090:1096	arg1	organs					1098:1103	luminal organs	1090:1103	luminal organs	1090:1103	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	2	39	gly	glycoprotein	479:490	arg1	Gp135					493:497	Gp135	493:497	Gp135	493:497	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	2	39	gly	glycoprotein	479:490	arg1	glycoprotein					479:490	135-kDa glycoprotein	471:490	135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135)	471:498	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	1	40	theme	distinct	215:222	arg1	membrane					246:253	the plasma membrane	235:253	the plasma membrane	235:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	1	40	theme	distinct	215:222	arg1	domains					224:230	distinct domains	215:230	distinct domains of the plasma membrane	215:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	7	41	theme	formation	1256:1264	arg1	targeting					1215:1223	targeting	1215:1223	targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation	1215:1264	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	5	42	theme	knockdown	867:875	arg1	effect					851:856	the effect	847:856	the effect of Gal-8 knockdown	847:875	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	2	43	theme	Madin-Darby	408:418	arg1	MDCK					435:438	MDCK	435:438	MDCK	435:438	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	2	43	theme	Madin-Darby	408:418	arg1	kidney					427:432	Madin-Darby canine kidney	408:432	Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	408:445	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	0	44	theme	Gp135/podocalyxin	34:50	arg1	targeting					21:29	targeting	21:29	targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation	21:70	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	1	45	theme	functioning	304:314	arg1	tubules					327:333	functioning epithelial tubules	304:333	functioning epithelial tubules	304:333	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	0	46	theme	formation	62:70	arg1	targeting					21:29	targeting	21:29	targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation	21:70	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	1	47	theme	epithelial	316:325	arg1	tubules					327:333	functioning epithelial tubules	304:333	functioning epithelial tubules	304:333	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	4	48	theme	kidney	703:708	arg1	polarity					721:728	the kidney epithelial polarity	699:728	the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface	699:787	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	0	49	theme	lumen	56:60	arg1	formation					62:70	lumen formation	56:70	lumen formation	56:70	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	1	50	theme	tubules	327:333	arg1	development					289:299	the development	285:299	the development of functioning epithelial tubules	285:333	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	6	51	theme	new	1050:1052	arg1	role					1054:1057	a new role	1048:1057	a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs	1048:1103	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	7	52	theme	epithelial	1297:1306	arg1	cells					1308:1312	renal epithelial cells	1291:1312	renal epithelial cells	1291:1312	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	7	53	theme	lumen	1250:1254	arg1	formation					1256:1264	lumen formation	1250:1264	lumen formation	1250:1264	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	5	54	dep	phenocopies	835:845	arg1	suggests					884:891	suggests	884:891	suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region	884:1012	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	4	55	theme	apical	774:779	arg1	surface					781:787	the apical surface	770:787	the apical surface	770:787	Gal-8 knockdown induces aberrant lumens at the lateral domain and mistargeting of Gp135 to this structure, thus disrupting the kidney epithelial polarity of MDCK cells, which organize lumens at the apical surface.
28747404	6	56	theme	organs	1098:1103	arg1	development					1075:1085	the development	1071:1085	the development of luminal organs	1071:1103	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	5	57	theme	Gp135	964:968	arg1	signals					953:959	the apical sorting signals	934:959	the apical sorting signals of Gp135	934:968	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	5	58	theme	sorting	945:951	arg1	signals					953:959	the apical sorting signals	934:959	the apical sorting signals of Gp135	934:968	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
28747404	1	59	theme	apical-basal	138:149	arg1	polarity					151:158	apical-basal polarity	138:158	apical-basal polarity	138:158	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	1	60	theme	plasma	239:244	arg1	membrane					246:253	the plasma membrane	235:253	the plasma membrane	235:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	7	61	theme	cells	1308:1312	arg1	surface					1280:1286	the apical surface	1269:1286	the apical surface of renal epithelial cells	1269:1312	Galectin-8 regulates targeting of Gp135/podocalyxin and lumen formation at the apical surface of renal epithelial cells.
28747404	1	62	theme	polarity	151:158	arg1	Establishment					121:133	Establishment	121:133	Establishment	121:133	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	1	62	theme	polarity	151:158	arg1	process					273:279	a fundamental process	259:279	a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules	259:333	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	6	63	dep	targeting	1119:1127	arg1	C.-Y.					1176:1180	C.-Y.	1176:1180	C.-Y.	1176:1180	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	6	63	dep	targeting	1119:1127	arg1	T.-S					1188:1191	T.-S	1188:1191	T.-S	1188:1191	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	6	63	dep	targeting	1119:1127	arg1	H.					1168:1169	H.	1168:1169	H.	1168:1169	Collectively, our results reveal a new role of Gal-8 in the development of luminal organs by regulating targeting of apical polarity protein Gp135.-Lim, H., Yu, C.-Y., Jou, T.-S.
28747404	1	64	theme	membrane	246:253	arg1	membrane					246:253	the plasma membrane	235:253	the plasma membrane	235:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	1	64	theme	membrane	246:253	arg1	domains					224:230	distinct domains	215:230	distinct domains of the plasma membrane	215:253	Establishment of apical-basal polarity, through correct targeting of polarity determinants to distinct domains of the plasma membrane, is a fundamental process for the development of functioning epithelial tubules.
28747404	2	65	theme	apical	451:456	arg1	targeting					458:466	apical targeting	451:466	apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135)	451:498	Here we report that galectin (Gal)-8 regulates apical-basal polarity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells via apical targeting of 135-kDa glycoprotein (Gp135).
28747404	5	66	theme	O-glycosylation-rich	986:1005	arg1	region					1007:1012	its O-glycosylation-rich region	982:1012	its O-glycosylation-rich region	982:1012	The O-glycosylation deletion mutant of Gp135 phenocopies the effect of Gal-8 knockdown, which suggests that Gal-8 is the decoding machinery for the apical sorting signals of Gp135 residing at its O-glycosylation-rich region.
25241928	10	0	theme	oral	1508:1511	arg1	delivery					1513:1520	oral delivery	1508:1520	oral delivery	1508:1520	This novel approach demonstrated technical viability for encapsulation of biologicals using lipid formulations regarding oral delivery.
25241928	9	1	theme	release	1295:1301	arg1	study					1303:1307	The release study	1291:1307	The release study	1291:1307	The release study showed a rather fast BSA release within the first 10 min from most microgels.
25241928	7	2	theme	toroidal	1096:1103	arg1	shapes					1105:1110	spherical to toroidal shapes	1083:1110	spherical to toroidal shapes	1083:1110	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	9	3	from	microgels	1376:1384	arg1	min					1362:1364	the first 10 min	1349:1364	the first 10 min from most microgels	1349:1384	The release study showed a rather fast BSA release within the first 10 min from most microgels.
25241928	1	4	theme	thriving	159:166	arg1	delivery					130:137	Oral delivery	125:137	Oral delivery of biologicals	125:152	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	1	4	theme	thriving	159:166	arg1	field					168:172	a thriving field	157:172	a thriving field in pharmaceutics	157:189	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	9	5	theme	first	1353:1357	arg1	min					1362:1364	the first 10 min	1349:1364	the first 10 min from most microgels	1349:1384	The release study showed a rather fast BSA release within the first 10 min from most microgels.
25241928	8	6	theme	high	1171:1174	arg1	efficiency					1190:1199	a high encapsulation efficiency	1169:1199	a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%)	1169:1206	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	8	6	theme	high	1171:1174	arg1	%					1205:1205	>85%	1202:1205	>85%	1202:1205	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	0	7	from	prilling	3:10	arg1	dispersions					46:56	lipid dispersions	40:56	lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals	40:113	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	7	8	theme	shapes	1105:1110	arg1	diameters					1058:1066	average diameters	1050:1066	average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes	1050:1110	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	8	9	theme	hardening	1275:1283	arg1	bath					1285:1288	the hardening bath	1271:1288	the hardening bath	1271:1288	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	7	10	theme	hardening	1130:1138	arg1	composition					1145:1155	the hardening bath composition	1126:1155	the hardening bath composition	1126:1155	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	6	11	theme	nonaqueous	883:892	arg1	formulations					894:905	Several nonaqueous formulations	875:905	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath	875:927	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath were investigated; calcium chloride was added to these formulations to allow the MCC gelling.
25241928	7	12	theme	spherical	1083:1091	arg1	shapes					1105:1110	spherical to toroidal shapes	1083:1110	spherical to toroidal shapes	1083:1110	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	1	13	from	field	168:172	arg1	pharmaceutics					177:189	pharmaceutics	177:189	pharmaceutics	177:189	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	2	14	theme	drug-containing	281:295	arg1	solution					307:314	a drug-containing polymeric solution	279:314	a drug-containing polymeric solution	279:314	Interesting is prilling of a drug-containing polymeric solution as microgel into an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs.
25241928	0	15	theme	oral	98:101	arg1	biologicals					103:113	oral biologicals	98:113	oral biologicals	98:113	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	6	16	theme	Several	875:881	arg1	formulations					894:905	Several nonaqueous formulations	875:905	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath	875:927	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath were investigated; calcium chloride was added to these formulations to allow the MCC gelling.
25241928	0	17	dep	delivery	115:122	arg1	prilling					3:10	prilling	3:10	prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals	3:113	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	8	18	theme	denaturing	1250:1259	arg1	effect					1261:1266	any denaturing effect	1246:1266	any denaturing effect of the hardening bath	1246:1288	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	2	19	theme	hardening	344:352	arg1	bath					354:357	an aqueous hardening bath	333:357	an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs	333:383	Interesting is prilling of a drug-containing polymeric solution as microgel into an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs.
25241928	7	20	theme	μm	1076:1077	arg1	diameters					1058:1066	average diameters	1050:1066	average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes	1050:1110	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	5	21	theme	encapsulating	838:850	arg1	albumin					746:752	Bovine serum albumin	733:752	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	733:758	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	21	theme	encapsulating	838:850	arg1	chitosan					785:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	764:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC)	764:798	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	21	theme	encapsulating	838:850	arg1	polymer					852:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	22	theme	biological	823:832	arg1	albumin					746:752	Bovine serum albumin	733:752	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	733:758	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	22	theme	biological	823:832	arg1	chitosan					785:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	764:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC)	764:798	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	22	theme	biological	823:832	arg1	polymer					852:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	23	theme	mono-N-carboxymethyl	764:783	arg1	albumin					746:752	Bovine serum albumin	733:752	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	733:758	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	23	theme	mono-N-carboxymethyl	764:783	arg1	MCC					795:797	MCC	795:797	MCC	795:797	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	23	theme	mono-N-carboxymethyl	764:783	arg1	chitosan					785:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	764:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC)	764:798	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	23	theme	mono-N-carboxymethyl	764:783	arg1	polymer					852:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	9	24	theme	BSA	1330:1332	arg1	release					1334:1340	a rather fast BSA release	1316:1340	a rather fast BSA release	1316:1340	The release study showed a rather fast BSA release within the first 10 min from most microgels.
25241928	3	25	theme	aqueous	467:473	arg1	bath					485:488	the aqueous hardening bath	463:488	the aqueous hardening bath	463:488	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	5	26	theme	Bovine	733:738	arg1	BSA					755:757	BSA	755:757	BSA	755:757	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	26	theme	Bovine	733:738	arg1	albumin					746:752	Bovine serum albumin	733:752	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	733:758	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	26	theme	Bovine	733:738	arg1	chitosan					785:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	764:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC)	764:798	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	26	theme	Bovine	733:738	arg1	polymer					852:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	10	27	theme	lipid	1479:1483	arg1	formulations					1485:1496	lipid formulations	1479:1496	lipid formulations regarding oral delivery	1479:1520	This novel approach demonstrated technical viability for encapsulation of biologicals using lipid formulations regarding oral delivery.
25241928	4	28	theme	lipid-based	645:655	arg1	bath					667:670	a lipid-based hardening bath	643:670	a lipid-based hardening bath	643:670	The current work introduces a prilling method with a lipid-based hardening bath, which could theoretically be filled directly into capsules.
25241928	10	29	theme	novel	1392:1396	arg1	approach					1398:1405	This novel approach	1387:1405	This novel approach	1387:1405	This novel approach demonstrated technical viability for encapsulation of biologicals using lipid formulations regarding oral delivery.
25241928	10	30	theme	technical	1420:1428	arg1	viability					1430:1438	technical viability	1420:1438	technical viability	1420:1438	This novel approach demonstrated technical viability for encapsulation of biologicals using lipid formulations regarding oral delivery.
25241928	7	31	contain	had	1046:1048	arg2	diameters					1058:1066	average diameters	1050:1066	average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes	1050:1110	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	7	31	contain	had	1046:1048	arg1	microgels					1036:1044	The obtained microgels	1023:1044	The obtained microgels	1023:1044	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	0	32	theme	hydrophilic	15:25	arg1	microgels					27:35	hydrophilic microgels	15:35	hydrophilic microgels	15:35	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	7	33	theme	average	1050:1056	arg1	diameters					1058:1066	average diameters	1050:1066	average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes	1050:1110	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	9	34	theme	most	1371:1374	arg1	microgels					1376:1384	most microgels	1371:1384	most microgels	1371:1384	The release study showed a rather fast BSA release within the first 10 min from most microgels.
25241928	2	35	theme	solution	307:314	arg1	prilling					267:274	prilling	267:274	prilling of a drug-containing polymeric solution	267:314	Interesting is prilling of a drug-containing polymeric solution as microgel into an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs.
25241928	9	36	theme	fast	1325:1328	arg1	release					1334:1340	a rather fast BSA release	1316:1340	a rather fast BSA release	1316:1340	The release study showed a rather fast BSA release within the first 10 min from most microgels.
25241928	3	37	theme	gelatin	445:451	arg1	capsules					453:460	soft gelatin capsules	440:460	soft gelatin capsules	440:460	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	7	38	theme	bath	1140:1143	arg1	composition					1145:1155	the hardening bath composition	1126:1155	the hardening bath composition	1126:1155	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	6	39	theme	calcium	948:954	arg1	chloride					956:963	calcium chloride	948:963	calcium chloride	948:963	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath were investigated; calcium chloride was added to these formulations to allow the MCC gelling.
25241928	2	40	theme	polymeric	297:305	arg1	solution					307:314	a drug-containing polymeric solution	279:314	a drug-containing polymeric solution	279:314	Interesting is prilling of a drug-containing polymeric solution as microgel into an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs.
25241928	3	41	theme	final	408:412	arg1	form					421:424	a final dosage form	406:424	a final dosage form	406:424	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	2	42	theme	aqueous	336:342	arg1	bath					354:357	an aqueous hardening bath	333:357	an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs	333:383	Interesting is prilling of a drug-containing polymeric solution as microgel into an aqueous hardening bath where crosslinking occurs.
25241928	4	43	theme	prilling	622:629	arg1	method					631:636	a prilling method	620:636	a prilling method with a lipid-based hardening bath, which could theoretically be filled directly into capsules	620:730	The current work introduces a prilling method with a lipid-based hardening bath, which could theoretically be filled directly into capsules.
25241928	0	44	theme	microgels	27:35	arg1	prilling					3:10	prilling	3:10	prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals	3:113	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	3	45	theme	dosage	414:419	arg1	form					421:424	a final dosage form	406:424	a final dosage form	406:424	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	4	46	theme	current	596:602	arg1	work					604:607	The current work	592:607	The current work	592:607	The current work introduces a prilling method with a lipid-based hardening bath, which could theoretically be filled directly into capsules.
25241928	3	47	theme	soft	440:443	arg1	capsules					453:460	soft gelatin capsules	440:460	soft gelatin capsules	440:460	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	8	48	theme	encapsulation	1176:1188	arg1	efficiency					1190:1199	a high encapsulation efficiency	1169:1199	a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%)	1169:1206	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	8	48	theme	encapsulation	1176:1188	arg1	%					1205:1205	>85%	1202:1205	>85%	1202:1205	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	4	49	with	method	631:636	arg1	bath					667:670	a lipid-based hardening bath	643:670	a lipid-based hardening bath	643:670	The current work introduces a prilling method with a lipid-based hardening bath, which could theoretically be filled directly into capsules.
25241928	1	50	theme	Oral	125:128	arg1	delivery					130:137	Oral delivery	125:137	Oral delivery of biologicals	125:152	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	1	50	theme	Oral	125:128	arg1	field					168:172	a thriving field	157:172	a thriving field in pharmaceutics	157:189	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	0	51	theme	lipid	40:44	arg1	dispersions					46:56	lipid dispersions	40:56	lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals	40:113	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	6	52	theme	bath	924:927	arg1	formulations					894:905	Several nonaqueous formulations	875:905	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath	875:927	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath were investigated; calcium chloride was added to these formulations to allow the MCC gelling.
25241928	7	53	theme	obtained	1027:1034	arg1	microgels					1036:1044	The obtained microgels	1023:1044	The obtained microgels	1023:1044	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	3	54	theme	hardening	475:483	arg1	bath					485:488	the aqueous hardening bath	463:488	the aqueous hardening bath	463:488	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	6	55	theme	receiving	914:922	arg1	bath					924:927	the receiving bath	910:927	the receiving bath	910:927	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath were investigated; calcium chloride was added to these formulations to allow the MCC gelling.
25241928	3	56	theme	manufacturing	523:535	arg1	processes					537:545	manufacturing processes	523:545	manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active	523:589	However, to deliver a final dosage form, for example, soft gelatin capsules, the aqueous hardening bath must be removed, thus leading to manufacturing processes that are potentially harmful for the active.
25241928	6	57	theme	MCC	1010:1012	arg1	gelling					1014:1020	the MCC gelling	1006:1020	the MCC gelling	1006:1020	Several nonaqueous formulations of the receiving bath were investigated; calcium chloride was added to these formulations to allow the MCC gelling.
25241928	10	58	theme	biologicals	1461:1471	arg1	encapsulation					1444:1456	encapsulation	1444:1456	encapsulation of biologicals using lipid formulations regarding oral delivery	1444:1520	This novel approach demonstrated technical viability for encapsulation of biologicals using lipid formulations regarding oral delivery.
25241928	1	59	theme	biologicals	142:152	arg1	delivery					130:137	Oral delivery	125:137	Oral delivery of biologicals	125:152	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	1	59	theme	biologicals	142:152	arg1	field					168:172	a thriving field	157:172	a thriving field in pharmaceutics	157:189	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	8	60	theme	bath	1285:1288	arg1	effect					1261:1266	any denaturing effect	1246:1266	any denaturing effect of the hardening bath	1246:1288	Along with a high encapsulation efficiency (>85%), the microgels protected the BSA from any denaturing effect of the hardening bath.
25241928	0	61	theme	mono-N-carboxymethyl	64:83	arg1	chitosan					85:92	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	64:92	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals	64:113	On prilling of hydrophilic microgels in lipid dispersions using mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan for oral biologicals delivery.
25241928	5	62	theme	model	817:821	arg1	albumin					746:752	Bovine serum albumin	733:752	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	733:758	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	62	theme	model	817:821	arg1	chitosan					785:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	764:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC)	764:798	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	62	theme	model	817:821	arg1	polymer					852:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	1	63	theme	first	199:203	arg1	challenge					205:213	the first challenge	195:213	the first challenge	195:213	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	1	64	theme	stable	231:236	arg1	product					243:249	a stable drug product	229:249	a stable drug product	229:249	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
25241928	5	65	theme	serum	740:744	arg1	BSA					755:757	BSA	755:757	BSA	755:757	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	65	theme	serum	740:744	arg1	albumin					746:752	Bovine serum albumin	733:752	Bovine serum albumin (BSA)	733:758	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	65	theme	serum	740:744	arg1	chitosan					785:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan	764:792	mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC)	764:798	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	5	65	theme	serum	740:744	arg1	polymer					852:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	model biological and encapsulating polymer	817:858	Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and mono-N-carboxymethyl chitosan (MCC) were selected as model biological and encapsulating polymer, respectively.
25241928	7	66	dep	shapes	1105:1110	arg1	to					1093:1094	to	1093:1094	to	1093:1094	The obtained microgels had average diameters of ∼300 μm and spherical to toroidal shapes, according to the hardening bath composition.
25241928	4	67	theme	hardening	657:665	arg1	bath					667:670	a lipid-based hardening bath	643:670	a lipid-based hardening bath	643:670	The current work introduces a prilling method with a lipid-based hardening bath, which could theoretically be filled directly into capsules.
25241928	1	68	theme	drug	238:241	arg1	product					243:249	a stable drug product	229:249	a stable drug product	229:249	Oral delivery of biologicals is a thriving field in pharmaceutics and the first challenge is to achieve a stable drug product.
27718219	4	0	theme	ACAN+	815:819	arg1	PNNs					821:824	ACAN+ PNNs	815:824	ACAN+ PNNs	815:824	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	3	1	gly	heterogeneity	609:621	arg1	PNNs					641:644	aggrecan-based PNNs	626:644	aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	626:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	8	2	with	neurons	1408:1414	arg1	PNNs					1427:1430	ACAN+ PNNs	1421:1430	ACAN+ PNNs	1421:1430	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	6	3	theme	axo-axonic	1185:1194	arg1	cells					1196:1200	axo-axonic cells	1185:1200	axo-axonic cells	1185:1200	Like the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells.
27718219	10	4	theme	subclass-specific	1695:1711	arg1	manner					1713:1718	a subclass-specific manner	1693:1718	a subclass-specific manner	1693:1718	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	1	5	theme	neural	264:269	arg1	plasticity					271:280	neural plasticity	264:280	neural plasticity	264:280	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	10	6	from	neurons	1837:1843	arg1	hippocampus					1852:1862	the hippocampus	1848:1862	the hippocampus	1848:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	3	7	used	used	510:513	arg2	we					507:508	we	507:508	we	507:508	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	6	8	theme	bistratified	1158:1169	arg1	cells					1171:1175	bistratified cells	1158:1175	bistratified cells	1158:1175	Like the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells.
27718219	2	9	theme	plant	316:320	arg1	agglutinin					349:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin	312:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)	312:364	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	9	theme	plant	316:320	arg1	WFA					361:363	WFA	361:363	WFA	361:363	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	4	10	theme	stratum	859:865	arg1	pyramidale					867:876	the stratum pyramidale	855:876	the stratum pyramidale	855:876	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	6	11	theme	PV+	1137:1139	arg1	cells					1148:1152	PV+ basket cells	1137:1152	PV+ basket cells	1137:1152	Like the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells.
27718219	3	12	dep	CA1	748:750	arg1	the					744:746	the	744:746	the	744:746	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	10	13	theme	PV+	1667:1669	arg1	neurons					1671:1677	PV+ neurons	1667:1677	PV+ neurons	1667:1677	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	3	14	from	subclasses	658:667	arg1	CA1					748:750	CA1	748:750	CA1	748:750	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	3	14	from	subclasses	658:667	arg1	regions					760:766	CA3 regions	756:766	CA3 regions	756:766	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	5	15	theme	neurons	1007:1013	arg1	subclasses					989:998	the subclasses	985:998	the subclasses of PV+ neurons based on their cellular locations, molecular expression, and septal projection	985:1092	We then defined the subclasses of PV+ neurons based on their cellular locations, molecular expression, and septal projection.
27718219	3	16	theme	aggrecan	564:571	arg1	protein					553:559	the core protein	544:559	the core protein of aggrecan	544:571	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	0	17	from	subclasses	72:81	arg1	hippocampus					130:140	the mouse hippocampus	120:140	the mouse hippocampus	120:140	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	6	18	theme	basket	1141:1146	arg1	cells					1148:1152	PV+ basket cells	1137:1152	PV+ basket cells	1137:1152	Like the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells.
27718219	3	19	theme	ergic	727:731	arg1	neurons					733:739	parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons	672:739	parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	672:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	7	20	theme	moleculare	1279:1288	arg1	cells					1290:1294	oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells	1262:1294	oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells	1262:1294	Unlike the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs frequently surrounded PV+ oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells and hippocampo-septal cells.
27718219	3	21	theme	CA3	756:758	arg1	regions					760:766	CA3 regions	756:766	CA3 regions	756:766	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	10	22	theme	PNNs	1781:1784	arg1	involvement					1766:1776	the functional involvement	1751:1776	the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus	1751:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	1	23	theme	GABAergic	154:162	arg1	neurons					164:170	GABAergic neurons	154:170	GABAergic neurons	154:170	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	4	24	theme	ACAN+	915:919	arg1	PNNs					921:924	ACAN+ PNNs	915:924	ACAN+ PNNs	915:924	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	8	25	theme	ACAN+	1421:1425	arg1	PNNs					1427:1430	ACAN+ PNNs	1421:1430	ACAN+ PNNs	1421:1430	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	2	26	used	used	384:387	arg2	WFA					361:363	WFA	361:363	WFA	361:363	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	26	used	used	384:387	arg2	agglutinin					349:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin	312:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)	312:364	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	27	theme	lectican	475:482	arg1	family					484:489	the lectican family	471:489	the lectican family	471:489	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	3	28	theme	mouse	775:779	arg1	hippocampus					781:791	the mouse hippocampus	771:791	the mouse hippocampus	771:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	0	29	theme	parvalbumin-expressing	86:107	arg1	neurons					109:115	parvalbumin-expressing neurons	86:115	parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus	86:140	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	10	30	theme	GABAergic	1807:1815	arg1	synapses					1817:1824	GABAergic synapses	1807:1824	GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus	1807:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	9	31	theme	WFA+	1485:1488	arg1	PNNs					1490:1493	WFA+ PNNs	1485:1493	WFA+ PNNs	1485:1493	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC did not affect the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons.
27718219	8	32	theme	ACAN+	1458:1462	arg1	PNNs					1464:1467	ACAN+ PNNs	1458:1467	ACAN+ PNNs	1458:1467	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	0	33	theme	mouse	124:128	arg1	hippocampus					130:140	the mouse hippocampus	120:140	the mouse hippocampus	120:140	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	5	34	theme	cellular	1030:1037	arg1	locations					1039:1047	their cellular locations	1024:1047	their cellular locations	1024:1047	We then defined the subclasses of PV+ neurons based on their cellular locations, molecular expression, and septal projection.
27718219	0	35	theme	Molecular	0:8	arg1	heterogeneity					10:22	Molecular heterogeneity	0:22	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.	0:141	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	1	36	theme	plasticity	271:280	arg1	regulation					250:259	the regulation	246:259	the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection	246:300	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	1	37	theme	neuroprotection	286:300	arg1	regulation					250:259	the regulation	246:259	the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection	246:300	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	0	38	theme	perineuronal	42:53	arg1	nets					55:58	aggrecan-based perineuronal nets	27:58	aggrecan-based perineuronal nets	27:58	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	7	39	dep	PNNs	1231:1234	arg1	surrounded					1247:1256	surrounded	1247:1256	PNNs frequently surrounded PV+ oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells and hippocampo-septal cells	1231:1322	Unlike the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs frequently surrounded PV+ oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells and hippocampo-septal cells.
27718219	7	40	theme	WFA+	1214:1217	arg1	PNNs					1219:1222	the WFA+ PNNs	1210:1222	the WFA+ PNNs	1210:1222	Unlike the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs frequently surrounded PV+ oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells and hippocampo-septal cells.
27718219	3	41	from	CA1	748:750	arg1	subclasses					658:667	five subclasses	653:667	five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	653:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	8	42	theme	relative	1344:1351	arg1	higher					1390:1395	higher	1390:1395	higher	1390:1395	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	8	42	theme	relative	1344:1351	arg1	densities					1353:1361	the relative densities	1340:1361	the relative densities of GABAergic synapses	1340:1383	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	4	43	from	labeling	937:944	arg1	oriens					961:966	the stratum oriens	949:966	the stratum oriens	949:966	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	9	44	theme	synaptic	1546:1553	arg1	densities					1555:1563	the GABAergic synaptic densities	1532:1563	the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons	1532:1582	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC did not affect the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons.
27718219	10	45	theme	PV+	1833:1835	arg1	neurons					1837:1843	PV+ neurons	1833:1843	PV+ neurons in the hippocampus	1833:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	0	46	gly	heterogeneity	10:22	arg1	nets					55:58	aggrecan-based perineuronal nets	27:58	aggrecan-based perineuronal nets	27:58	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	2	47	theme	floribunda	338:347	arg1	agglutinin					349:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin	312:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)	312:364	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	47	theme	floribunda	338:347	arg1	WFA					361:363	WFA	361:363	WFA	361:363	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	3	48	theme	aggrecan-based	626:639	arg1	PNNs					641:644	aggrecan-based PNNs	626:644	aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	626:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	8	49	theme	synapses	1376:1383	arg1	higher					1390:1395	higher	1390:1395	higher	1390:1395	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	8	49	theme	synapses	1376:1383	arg1	densities					1353:1361	the relative densities	1340:1361	the relative densities of GABAergic synapses	1340:1383	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	4	50	theme	PNNs	821:824	arg1	majority					803:810	The vast majority	794:810	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs	794:824	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	6	51	theme	WFA+	1104:1107	arg1	PNNs					1109:1112	the WFA+ PNNs	1100:1112	the WFA+ PNNs	1100:1112	Like the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells.
27718219	1	52	theme	perineuronal	190:201	arg1	PNNs					209:212	PNNs	209:212	PNNs	209:212	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	1	52	theme	perineuronal	190:201	arg1	nets					203:206	perineuronal nets	190:206	perineuronal nets (PNNs)	190:213	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	4	53	dep	colocalized	831:841	arg1	whereas					879:885	whereas	879:885	whereas	879:885	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	2	54	theme	lectin	322:327	arg1	agglutinin					349:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin	312:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)	312:364	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	54	theme	lectin	322:327	arg1	WFA					361:363	WFA	361:363	WFA	361:363	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	4	55	theme	vast	798:801	arg1	majority					803:810	The vast majority	794:810	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs	794:824	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	0	56	from	neurons	109:115	arg1	hippocampus					130:140	the mouse hippocampus	120:140	the mouse hippocampus	120:140	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	5	57	theme	PV+	1003:1005	arg1	neurons					1007:1013	PV+ neurons	1003:1013	PV+ neurons	1003:1013	We then defined the subclasses of PV+ neurons based on their cellular locations, molecular expression, and septal projection.
27718219	10	58	theme	functional	1755:1764	arg1	involvement					1766:1776	the functional involvement	1751:1776	the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus	1751:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	8	59	theme	PV+	1404:1406	arg1	neurons					1408:1414	PV+ neurons	1404:1414	PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs	1404:1430	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27718219	3	60	theme	core	548:551	arg1	protein					553:559	the core protein	544:559	the core protein of aggrecan	544:571	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	0	61	from	hippocampus	130:140	arg1	subclasses					72:81	five subclasses	67:81	five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus	67:140	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	7	62	theme	hippocampo-septal	1300:1316	arg1	cells					1318:1322	hippocampo-septal cells	1300:1322	hippocampo-septal cells	1300:1322	Unlike the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs frequently surrounded PV+ oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells and hippocampo-septal cells.
27718219	3	63	theme	neurons	733:739	arg1	subclasses					658:667	five subclasses	653:667	five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	653:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	4	64	from	WFA	848:850	arg1	pyramidale					867:876	the stratum pyramidale	855:876	the stratum pyramidale	855:876	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	14	65	dep	©	1903:1903	arg1	Inc.					1929:1932	Inc.	1929:1932	Inc.	1929:1932	© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
27718219	6	66	dep	PNNs	1121:1124	arg1	surrounded					1126:1135	surrounded	1126:1135	PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells	1121:1200	Like the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs surrounded PV+ basket cells and bistratified cells but not axo-axonic cells.
27718219	10	67	theme	aggrecan-based	1640:1653	arg1	PNNs					1655:1658	aggrecan-based PNNs	1640:1658	aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons	1640:1677	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	1	68	theme	neurons	164:170	arg1	Subsets					143:149	Subsets	143:149	Subsets of GABAergic neurons	143:170	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	2	69	theme	family	484:489	arg1	aggrecan					449:456	aggrecan	449:456	aggrecan	449:456	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	69	theme	family	484:489	arg1	member					461:466	a member	459:466	a member of the lectican family	459:489	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	70	from	N-acetyl-d-galactosamine	421:444	arg1	aggrecan					449:456	aggrecan	449:456	aggrecan	449:456	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	70	from	N-acetyl-d-galactosamine	421:444	arg1	member					461:466	a member	459:466	a member of the lectican family	459:489	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	7	71	theme	oriens-lacunosum	1262:1277	arg1	cells					1290:1294	oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells	1262:1294	oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells	1262:1294	Unlike the WFA+ PNNs, ACAN+ PNNs frequently surrounded PV+ oriens-lacunosum moleculare cells and hippocampo-septal cells.
27718219	0	72	theme	neurons	109:115	arg1	subclasses					72:81	five subclasses	67:81	five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus	67:140	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	5	73	theme	molecular	1050:1058	arg1	expression					1060:1069	molecular expression	1050:1069	molecular expression	1050:1069	We then defined the subclasses of PV+ neurons based on their cellular locations, molecular expression, and septal projection.
27718219	13	74	dep	2017	1897:1900	arg1	525:1234-1249					1882:1894	525:1234-1249	1882:1894	525:1234-1249	1882:1894	525:1234-1249, 2017.
27718219	4	75	theme	PNNs	921:924	arg1	population					901:910	a substantial population	887:910	a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs	887:924	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	3	76	from	neurons	733:739	arg1	CA1					748:750	CA1	748:750	CA1	748:750	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	3	76	from	neurons	733:739	arg1	regions					760:766	CA3 regions	756:766	CA3 regions	756:766	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	3	77	theme	hippocampus	781:791	arg1	CA1					748:750	CA1	748:750	CA1	748:750	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	3	77	theme	hippocampus	781:791	arg1	regions					760:766	CA3 regions	756:766	CA3 regions	756:766	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	9	78	theme	PNNs	1490:1493	arg1	Degradation					1470:1480	Degradation	1470:1480	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC	1470:1515	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC did not affect the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons.
27718219	4	79	theme	substantial	889:899	arg1	population					901:910	a substantial population	887:910	a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs	887:924	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	9	80	theme	chondroitinase	1498:1511	arg1	ABC					1513:1515	chondroitinase ABC	1498:1515	chondroitinase ABC	1498:1515	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC did not affect the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons.
27718219	4	81	theme	stratum	953:959	arg1	oriens					961:966	the stratum oriens	949:966	the stratum oriens	949:966	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	10	82	theme	synapses	1817:1824	arg1	regulation					1793:1802	the regulation	1789:1802	the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus	1789:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	0	83	theme	aggrecan-based	27:40	arg1	nets					55:58	aggrecan-based perineuronal nets	27:58	aggrecan-based perineuronal nets	27:58	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	10	84	from	involvement	1766:1776	arg1	regulation					1793:1802	the regulation	1789:1802	the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus	1789:1862	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	3	85	theme	molecular	599:607	arg1	heterogeneity					609:621	the molecular heterogeneity	595:621	the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	595:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	10	86	theme	molecular	1615:1623	arg1	composition					1625:1635	the molecular composition	1611:1635	the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons	1611:1677	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	0	87	theme	nets	55:58	arg1	heterogeneity					10:22	Molecular heterogeneity	0:22	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.	0:141	Molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based perineuronal nets around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	4	88	theme	WFA	933:935	arg1	labeling					937:944	WFA labeling	933:944	WFA labeling in the stratum oriens	933:966	The vast majority of ACAN+ PNNs were colocalized with WFA in the stratum pyramidale, whereas a substantial population of ACAN+ PNNs lacked WFA labeling in the stratum oriens.
27718219	5	89	theme	septal	1076:1081	arg1	projection					1083:1092	septal projection	1076:1092	septal projection	1076:1092	We then defined the subclasses of PV+ neurons based on their cellular locations, molecular expression, and septal projection.
27718219	9	90	theme	GABAergic	1536:1544	arg1	densities					1555:1563	the GABAergic synaptic densities	1532:1563	the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons	1532:1582	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC did not affect the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons.
27718219	3	91	theme	PNNs	641:644	arg1	heterogeneity					609:621	the molecular heterogeneity	595:621	the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	595:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	10	92	theme	PNNs	1655:1658	arg1	composition					1625:1635	the molecular composition	1611:1635	the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons	1611:1677	Our findings suggest that the molecular composition of aggrecan-based PNNs around PV+ neurons may differ in a subclass-specific manner, and also might help determine the functional involvement of PNNs in the regulation of GABAergic synapses around PV+ neurons in the hippocampus.
27718219	3	93	from	regions	760:766	arg1	subclasses					658:667	five subclasses	653:667	five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus	653:791	In this study, we used WFA and the antibody against the core protein of aggrecan (ACAN) to investigate the molecular heterogeneity of aggrecan-based PNNs around five subclasses of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the mouse hippocampus.
27718219	2	94	theme	Wisteria	329:336	arg1	agglutinin					349:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin	312:358	the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)	312:364	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	2	94	theme	Wisteria	329:336	arg1	WFA					361:363	WFA	361:363	WFA	361:363	Although the plant lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) has been commonly used to label PNNs, WFA only detects N-acetyl-d-galactosamine on aggrecan, a member of the lectican family.
27718219	1	95	theme	critical	229:236	arg1	role					238:241	a critical role	227:241	a critical role	227:241	Subsets of GABAergic neurons are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), which play a critical role in the regulation of neural plasticity and neuroprotection.
27718219	9	96	theme	PV+	1572:1574	arg1	neurons					1576:1582	PV+ neurons	1572:1582	PV+ neurons	1572:1582	Degradation of WFA+ PNNs by chondroitinase ABC did not affect the GABAergic synaptic densities around PV+ neurons.
27718219	8	97	theme	GABAergic	1366:1374	arg1	synapses					1376:1383	GABAergic synapses	1366:1383	GABAergic synapses	1366:1383	Interestingly, the relative densities of GABAergic synapses were higher around PV+ neurons with ACAN+ PNNs than around those without ACAN+ PNNs.
27430277	0	0	theme	gingival	88:95	arg1	fibroblasts					97:107	gingival fibroblasts	88:107	gingival fibroblasts	88:107	Salivary pellets induce a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	11	1	theme	salivary	1478:1485	arg1	pellets					1487:1493	the salivary pellets	1474:1493	the salivary pellets	1474:1493	BAY11-7082 suppressed chemokine expression in response to the salivary pellets.
27430277	12	2	theme	pro-inflammatory	1544:1559	arg1	activity					1561:1568	their pro-inflammatory activity	1538:1568	their pro-inflammatory activity	1538:1568	Autoclaving salivary pellets also reduced their pro-inflammatory activity.
27430277	11	3	from	expression	1448:1457	arg1	response					1462:1469	response	1462:1469	response to the salivary pellets	1462:1493	BAY11-7082 suppressed chemokine expression in response to the salivary pellets.
27430277	9	4	theme	binding	1129:1135	arg1	capacity					1137:1144	a binding capacity	1127:1144	a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides	1127:1168	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	4	5	theme	Protein	602:608	arg1	composition					610:620	Protein composition	602:620	Protein composition	602:620	Protein composition was determined with proteomic analysis.
27430277	14	6	from	expression	1902:1911	arg1	bioassay					1920:1927	the bioassay	1916:1927	the bioassay	1916:1927	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	1	7	theme	gingival	186:193	arg1	fibroblasts					195:205	gingival fibroblasts	186:205	gingival fibroblasts	186:205	BACKGROUND Whole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	7	8	theme	phosphorylated	907:920	arg1	p65					922:924	phosphorylated p65	907:924	phosphorylated p65	907:924	Western blot was performed to detect phosphorylated p65.
27430277	5	9	theme	Limulus	692:698	arg1	assay					700:704	a Limulus assay	690:704	a Limulus assay	690:704	Endotoxins were analyzed by a Limulus assay and removed by affinity chromatography.
27430277	6	10	theme	signaling	845:853	arg1	involvement					811:821	the involvement	807:821	the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling	807:853	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	3	11	theme	real-time	548:556	arg1	reaction					575:582	real-time polymerase chain reaction	548:582	real-time polymerase chain reaction	548:582	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	13	12	theme	pellets	1747:1753	arg1	preparations					1715:1726	preparations	1715:1726	preparations of washed salivary pellets	1715:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	9	13	with	proteins	1113:1120	arg1	capacity					1137:1144	a binding capacity	1127:1144	a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides	1127:1168	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	12	14	theme	salivary	1508:1515	arg1	pellets					1517:1523	Autoclaving salivary pellets	1496:1523	Autoclaving salivary pellets	1496:1523	Autoclaving salivary pellets also reduced their pro-inflammatory activity.
27430277	6	15	theme	NF-kB	839:843	arg1	signaling					845:853	the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling	826:853	signaling	845:853	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	3	16	theme	polymerase	558:567	arg1	reaction					575:582	real-time polymerase chain reaction	548:582	real-time polymerase chain reaction	548:582	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	8	17	dep	RESULTS	927:933	arg1	show					951:954	show	951:954	show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability	951:1082	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	1	18	from	response	174:181	arg1	fibroblasts					195:205	gingival fibroblasts	186:205	gingival fibroblasts	186:205	BACKGROUND Whole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	13	19	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1571:1581	arg1	support					1592:1598	support	1592:1598	support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1592:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	2	20	used	used	271:274	arg2	pellet					254:259	the salivary pellet	241:259	the salivary pellet	241:259	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	10	21	theme	endotoxins	1298:1307	arg1	depletion					1285:1293	depletion	1285:1293	depletion of endotoxins	1285:1307	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	10	21	theme	endotoxins	1298:1307	arg1	TAK-242					1273:1279	TAK-242	1273:1279	TAK-242	1273:1279	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	6	22	theme	TLR4	830:833	arg1	signaling					845:853	the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling	826:853	signaling	845:853	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	14	23	theme	heat	1849:1852	arg1	it					1834:1835	it	1834:1835	it	1834:1835	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	14	23	theme	heat	1849:1852	arg1	fraction					1861:1868	a heat labile fraction	1847:1868	a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay	1847:1927	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	10	24	theme	chemokine	1367:1375	arg1	expression					1377:1386	chemokine expression	1367:1386	chemokine expression	1367:1386	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	2	25	theme	molecular	389:397	arg1	level					399:403	the molecular level	385:403	the molecular level	385:403	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	11	26	theme	chemokine	1438:1446	arg1	expression					1448:1457	chemokine expression	1438:1457	chemokine expression in response to the salivary pellets	1438:1493	BAY11-7082 suppressed chemokine expression in response to the salivary pellets.
27430277	3	27	theme	gingival	524:531	arg1	fibroblasts					533:543	gingival fibroblasts	524:543	gingival fibroblasts	524:543	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	3	28	dep	METHODS	410:416	arg1	examined					421:428	examined	421:428	examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays	421:599	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	8	29	theme	cell	1069:1072	arg1	viability					1074:1082	cell viability	1069:1082	cell viability	1069:1082	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	13	30	theme	washed	1731:1736	arg1	pellets					1747:1753	washed salivary pellets	1731:1753	washed salivary pellets	1731:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	13	31	theme	pro-inflammatory	1650:1665	arg1	response					1667:1674	a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response	1627:1674	a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1627:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	0	32	theme	Salivary	0:7	arg1	pellets					9:15	Salivary pellets	0:15	Salivary pellets	0:15	Salivary pellets induce a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	9	33	theme	Limulus	1179:1185	arg1	assay					1187:1191	the Limulus assay	1175:1191	the Limulus assay	1175:1191	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	6	34	dep	inhibitors	750:759	arg1	BAY11-7082					773:782	BAY11-7082	773:782	BAY11-7082	773:782	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	6	34	dep	inhibitors	750:759	arg1	TAK-242					761:767	TAK-242	761:767	TAK-242	761:767	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	6	34	dep	inhibitors	750:759	arg1	inhibitors					750:759	The inhibitors	746:759	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082	746:782	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	13	35	theme	salivary	1738:1745	arg1	pellets					1747:1753	washed salivary pellets	1731:1753	washed salivary pellets	1731:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	7	36	theme	Western	870:876	arg1	blot					878:881	Western blot	870:881	Western blot	870:881	Western blot was performed to detect phosphorylated p65.
27430277	13	37	theme	response	1667:1674	arg1	mechanism					1614:1622	the molecular mechanism	1600:1622	the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1600:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	8	38	contain	contain	1017:1023	arg1	solution					1008:1015	the corresponding washing solution	982:1015	the corresponding washing solution	982:1015	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	8	38	contain	contain	1017:1023	arg1	pellets					970:976	salivary pellets	961:976	salivary pellets	961:976	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	8	38	contain	contain	1017:1023	arg2	activity					1042:1049	pro-inflammatory activity	1025:1049	pro-inflammatory activity	1025:1049	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	3	39	from	expression	496:505	arg1	fibroblasts					533:543	gingival fibroblasts	524:543	gingival fibroblasts	524:543	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	3	40	theme	chain	569:573	arg1	reaction					575:582	real-time polymerase chain reaction	548:582	real-time polymerase chain reaction	548:582	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	10	41	theme	p65	1411:1413	arg1	expression					1377:1386	chemokine expression	1367:1386	chemokine expression	1367:1386	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	10	41	theme	p65	1411:1413	arg1	phosphorylation					1392:1406	phosphorylation	1392:1406	phosphorylation of p65	1392:1413	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	3	42	theme	salivary	464:471	arg1	pellets					473:479	extensively washed salivary pellets	445:479	extensively washed salivary pellets	445:479	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	9	43	theme	salivary	1236:1243	arg1	pellets					1245:1251	the salivary pellets	1232:1251	the salivary pellets	1232:1251	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	9	44	theme	endotoxin	1219:1227	arg1	presence					1207:1214	the presence	1203:1214	the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets	1203:1251	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	14	45	theme	labile	1854:1859	arg1	it					1834:1835	it	1834:1835	it	1834:1835	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	14	45	theme	labile	1854:1859	arg1	fraction					1861:1868	a heat labile fraction	1847:1868	a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay	1847:1927	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	1	46	theme	Whole	121:125	arg1	saliva					127:132	BACKGROUND Whole saliva	110:132	BACKGROUND Whole saliva	110:132	BACKGROUND Whole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	3	47	theme	pellets	473:479	arg1	ability					434:440	the ability	430:440	the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays	430:599	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	2	48	contain	has	306:308	arg2	capacity					329:336	a pro-inflammatory capacity	310:336	a pro-inflammatory capacity	310:336	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	2	48	contain	has	306:308	arg1	pellet					254:259	the salivary pellet	241:259	the salivary pellet	241:259	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	10	49	theme	salivary	1338:1345	arg1	pellets					1347:1353	salivary pellets	1338:1353	salivary pellets	1338:1353	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	1	50	theme	BACKGROUND	110:119	arg1	saliva					127:132	BACKGROUND Whole saliva	110:132	BACKGROUND Whole saliva	110:132	BACKGROUND Whole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	9	51	from	presence	1207:1214	arg1	pellets					1245:1251	the salivary pellets	1232:1251	the salivary pellets	1232:1251	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	0	52	theme	pro-inflammatory	26:41	arg1	response					43:50	a pro-inflammatory response	24:50	a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts	24:107	Salivary pellets induce a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	12	53	theme	Autoclaving	1496:1506	arg1	pellets					1517:1523	Autoclaving salivary pellets	1496:1523	Autoclaving salivary pellets	1496:1523	Autoclaving salivary pellets also reduced their pro-inflammatory activity.
27430277	0	54	from	pathway	77:83	arg1	fibroblasts					97:107	gingival fibroblasts	88:107	gingival fibroblasts	88:107	Salivary pellets induce a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	3	55	theme	washed	457:462	arg1	pellets					473:479	extensively washed salivary pellets	445:479	extensively washed salivary pellets	445:479	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	9	56	attach	presence	1207:1214	arg1	pellets					1245:1251	the salivary pellets	1232:1251	the salivary pellets	1232:1251	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	9	56	attach	presence	1207:1214	arg2	endotoxin					1219:1227	endotoxin	1219:1227	endotoxin	1219:1227	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	8	57	theme	salivary	961:968	arg1	pellets					970:976	salivary pellets	961:976	salivary pellets	961:976	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	10	58	dep	Blocking	1254:1261	arg1	both					1309:1312	both	1309:1312	both	1309:1312	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	9	59	theme	Proteomic	1085:1093	arg1	analysis					1095:1102	Proteomic analysis	1085:1102	Proteomic analysis	1085:1102	Proteomic analysis revealed proteins with a binding capacity for lipopolysaccharides, and the Limulus assay indicated the presence of endotoxin in the salivary pellets.
27430277	14	60	from	endotoxin	1820:1828	arg1	rich					1812:1815	rich	1812:1815	rich	1812:1815	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	14	60	from	endotoxin	1820:1828	arg1	pellet					1802:1807	the salivary pellet	1789:1807	the salivary pellet	1789:1807	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	14	61	theme	salivary	1793:1800	arg1	rich					1812:1815	rich	1812:1815	rich	1812:1815	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	14	61	theme	salivary	1793:1800	arg1	pellet					1802:1807	the salivary pellet	1789:1807	the salivary pellet	1789:1807	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	2	62	theme	salivary	245:252	arg1	pellet					254:259	the salivary pellet	241:259	the salivary pellet	241:259	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	2	63	from	level	399:403	arg1	mechanisms					371:380	the underlying mechanisms	356:380	the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level	356:403	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	6	64	used	used	789:792	arg2	inhibitors					750:759	The inhibitors	746:759	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082	746:782	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	6	64	used	used	789:792	arg2	TAK-242					761:767	TAK-242	761:767	TAK-242	761:767	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	6	64	used	used	789:792	arg2	BAY11-7082					773:782	BAY11-7082	773:782	BAY11-7082	773:782	The inhibitors TAK-242 and BAY11-7082 were used to determine the involvement of the TLR4 and NF-kB signaling, respectively.
27430277	3	65	theme	chemokines	510:519	arg1	expression					496:505	the expression	492:505	the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts	492:543	METHODS We examined the ability of extensively washed salivary pellets to provoke the expression of chemokines in gingival fibroblasts by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays.
27430277	2	66	theme	diagnostic	280:289	arg1	purposes					291:298	diagnostic purposes	280:298	diagnostic purposes	280:298	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	8	67	theme	pro-inflammatory	1025:1040	arg1	activity					1042:1049	pro-inflammatory activity	1025:1049	pro-inflammatory activity	1025:1049	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	14	68	from	rich	1812:1815	arg1	endotoxin					1820:1828	endotoxin	1820:1828	endotoxin	1820:1828	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	2	69	theme	pro-inflammatory	312:327	arg1	capacity					329:336	a pro-inflammatory capacity	310:336	a pro-inflammatory capacity	310:336	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	5	70	theme	affinity	721:728	arg1	chromatography					730:743	affinity chromatography	721:743	affinity chromatography	721:743	Endotoxins were analyzed by a Limulus assay and removed by affinity chromatography.
27430277	8	71	theme	washing	1000:1006	arg1	solution					1008:1015	the corresponding washing solution	982:1015	the corresponding washing solution	982:1015	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	1	72	theme	substantial	145:155	arg1	response					174:181	a substantial pro-inflammatory response	143:181	a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts	143:205	BACKGROUND Whole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	13	73	theme	molecular	1604:1612	arg1	mechanism					1614:1622	the molecular mechanism	1600:1622	the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1600:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	13	74	theme	gingival	1683:1690	arg1	fibroblasts					1692:1702	the gingival fibroblasts	1679:1702	the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1679:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	8	75	theme	corresponding	986:998	arg1	solution					1008:1015	the corresponding washing solution	982:1015	the corresponding washing solution	982:1015	RESULTS The experiments show that salivary pellets and the corresponding washing solution contain pro-inflammatory activity without impairing cell viability.
27430277	1	76	theme	pro-inflammatory	157:172	arg1	response					174:181	a substantial pro-inflammatory response	143:181	a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts	143:205	BACKGROUND Whole saliva provokes a substantial pro-inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	13	77	theme	TLR4-NF-kB-dependent	1629:1648	arg1	response					1667:1674	a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response	1627:1674	a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1627:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	14	78	theme	chemokine	1892:1900	arg1	expression					1902:1911	the chemokine expression	1888:1911	the chemokine expression in the bioassay	1888:1927	Together, the data indicate that the salivary pellet is rich in endotoxin but it is mainly a heat labile fraction that accounts for the chemokine expression in the bioassay.
27430277	0	79	theme	TLR4-NF-kB	66:75	arg1	pathway					77:83	the TLR4-NF-kB pathway	62:83	the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts	62:107	Salivary pellets induce a pro-inflammatory response involving the TLR4-NF-kB pathway in gingival fibroblasts.
27430277	13	80	theme	fibroblasts	1692:1702	arg1	response					1667:1674	a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response	1627:1674	a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets	1627:1753	CONCLUSIONS The data support the molecular mechanism of a TLR4-NF-kB-dependent pro-inflammatory response of the gingival fibroblasts exposed to preparations of washed salivary pellets.
27430277	2	81	theme	underlying	360:369	arg1	mechanisms					371:380	the underlying mechanisms	356:380	the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level	356:403	This raises the question whether the salivary pellet, which is used for diagnostic purposes, also has a pro-inflammatory capacity and, if yes, what the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level are.
27430277	10	82	theme	pellets	1347:1353	arg1	capacity					1326:1333	the capacity	1322:1333	the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65	1322:1413	Blocking TLR4 with TAK-242 and depletion of endotoxins both lowered the capacity of salivary pellets to increase chemokine expression and phosphorylation of p65.
27430277	4	83	theme	proteomic	642:650	arg1	analysis					652:659	proteomic analysis	642:659	proteomic analysis	642:659	Protein composition was determined with proteomic analysis.
26595771	6	0	theme	Almond	873:878	arg1	E					897:897	E	897:897	E	897:897	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	0	theme	Almond	873:878	arg1	CMC					892:894	CMC	892:894	CMC	892:894	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	0	theme	Almond	873:878	arg1	BHT					903:905	BHT	903:905	BHT	903:905	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	0	theme	Almond	873:878	arg1	C					889:889	C	889:889	C	889:889	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	0	theme	Almond	873:878	arg1	samples					880:886	Almond samples	873:886	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT)	873:906	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	8	1	contain	had	1287:1289	arg1	C					1285:1285	C	1285:1285	C	1285:1285	C had the highest tendency to deterioration during storage.
26595771	8	1	contain	had	1287:1289	arg2	tendency					1303:1310	the highest tendency	1291:1310	the highest tendency to deterioration during storage	1291:1342	C had the highest tendency to deterioration during storage.
26595771	6	2	dep	samples	880:886	arg1	samples					880:886	Almond samples	873:886	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT)	873:906	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	2	dep	samples	880:886	arg1	E					897:897	E	897:897	E	897:897	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	2	dep	samples	880:886	arg1	CMC					892:894	CMC	892:894	CMC	892:894	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	2	dep	samples	880:886	arg1	C					889:889	C	889:889	C	889:889	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	2	dep	samples	880:886	arg1	BHT					903:905	BHT	903:905	BHT	903:905	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	10	3	theme	E	1467:1467	arg1	samples					1469:1475	CMC and E samples	1459:1475	CMC and E samples	1459:1475	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	6	4	theme	peroxide	968:975	arg1	PV					984:985	PV	984:985	PV	984:985	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	4	theme	peroxide	968:975	arg1	value					977:981	peroxide value	968:981	peroxide value (PV)	968:986	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	10	5	theme	similar	1481:1487	arg1	values					1505:1510	similar intermediate PV values	1481:1510	similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively)	1481:1550	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	5	6	theme	fatty	822:826	arg1	profile					833:839	fatty acid profile	822:839	fatty acid profile	822:839	Proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined on raw almonds.
26595771	6	7	theme	stored	1102:1107	arg1	samples					1109:1115	the stored samples	1098:1115	the stored samples	1098:1115	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	7	8	theme	sensory	1240:1246	arg1	attributes					1248:1257	negative sensory attributes	1231:1257	negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1231:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	2	9	theme	oxidation	277:285	arg1	reactions					287:295	oxidation reactions	277:295	oxidation reactions causing rancidity during storage	277:328	However, they are susceptible to oxidation reactions causing rancidity during storage.
26595771	1	10	theme	oleic	187:191	arg1	oil					209:211	oleic fatty acid-rich oil	187:211	oleic fatty acid-rich oil	187:211	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	11	11	theme	CMC	1553:1555	arg1	coating					1557:1563	CMC coating	1553:1563	CMC coating	1553:1563	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	1	12	theme	acid-rich	199:207	arg1	oil					209:211	oleic fatty acid-rich oil	187:211	oleic fatty acid-rich oil	187:211	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	7	13	theme	intensity	1210:1218	arg1	ratings					1220:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings	1168:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1168:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	10	14	theme	meqO2	1527:1531	arg1	/kg					1533:1535	2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg	1513:1535	2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg	1513:1535	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	4	15	theme	skins	700:704	arg1	E					715:715	E	715:715	E	715:715	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	4	15	theme	skins	700:704	arg1	extract					706:712	peanut skins extract	693:712	peanut skins extract (E)	693:716	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	7	16	theme	nonanal	1188:1194	arg1	contents					1196:1203	hexanal and nonanal contents	1176:1203	hexanal and nonanal contents	1176:1203	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	11	17	theme	almond	1682:1687	arg1	product					1689:1695	the roasted almond product	1670:1695	the roasted almond product	1670:1695	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	4	18	dep	almonds	723:729	arg1	supplemented					751:762	supplemented	751:762	supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)	751:793	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	4	18	dep	almonds	723:729	arg1	coated					731:736	coated	731:736	coated with CMC	731:745	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	10	19	dep	values	1505:1510	arg1	/kg					1533:1535	2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg	1513:1535	2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg	1513:1535	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	5	20	theme	raw	860:862	arg1	almonds					864:870	raw almonds	860:870	raw almonds	860:870	Proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined on raw almonds.
26595771	0	21	theme	Antioxidants	81:92	arg1	Addition					69:76	the Addition	65:76	the Addition of Antioxidants	65:92	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	10	22	theme	PV	1502:1503	arg1	values					1505:1510	similar intermediate PV values	1481:1510	similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively)	1481:1550	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	6	23	dep	indicators	956:965	arg1	PV					984:985	PV	984:985	PV	984:985	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	23	dep	indicators	956:965	arg1	value					977:981	peroxide value	968:981	peroxide value (PV)	968:986	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	3	24	theme	almonds	423:429	arg1	preservation					407:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation	374:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage	374:540	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	0	25	from	Preservation	29:40	arg1	Almonds					52:58	Coated Almonds	45:58	Coated Almonds	45:58	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	9	26	contain	had	1423:1425	arg2	/kg					1453:1455	2.00 meqO2 /kg	1442:1455	2.00 meqO2 /kg	1442:1455	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	26	contain	had	1423:1425	arg1	BHT					1419:1421	BHT	1419:1421	BHT	1419:1421	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	26	contain	had	1423:1425	arg2	PV					1438:1439	the lowest PV	1427:1439	the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg)	1427:1456	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	0	27	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	Preservation					29:40	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation	0:40	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.	0:93	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	0	28	theme	Sensory	13:19	arg1	Preservation					29:40	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation	0:40	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.	0:93	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	9	29	theme	highest	1386:1392	arg1	PV					1394:1395	the highest PV	1382:1395	the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg)	1382:1412	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	29	theme	highest	1386:1392	arg1	/kg					1409:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	6	30	theme	oxidation	946:954	arg1	compounds					1022:1030	volatile compounds	1013:1030	volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal)	1013:1052	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	30	theme	oxidation	946:954	arg1	indicators					956:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	30	theme	oxidation	946:954	arg1	dienes					1000:1005	conjugated dienes	989:1005	conjugated dienes (CD)	989:1010	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	3	31	theme	sensory	391:397	arg1	preservation					407:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation	374:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage	374:540	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	7	32	from	increases	1155:1163	arg1	ratings					1220:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings	1168:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1168:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	6	33	theme	d.	937:938	arg1	compounds					1022:1030	volatile compounds	1013:1030	volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal)	1013:1052	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	33	theme	d.	937:938	arg1	indicators					956:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	33	theme	d.	937:938	arg1	dienes					1000:1005	conjugated dienes	989:1005	conjugated dienes (CD)	989:1010	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	3	34	theme	chemical	378:385	arg1	preservation					407:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation	374:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage	374:540	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	10	35	theme	CMC	1459:1461	arg1	samples					1469:1475	CMC and E samples	1459:1475	CMC and E samples	1459:1475	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	0	36	theme	Coated	45:50	arg1	Almonds					52:58	Coated Almonds	45:58	Coated Almonds	45:58	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	9	37	theme	meqO2	1403:1407	arg1	PV					1394:1395	the highest PV	1382:1395	the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg)	1382:1412	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	37	theme	meqO2	1403:1407	arg1	/kg					1409:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	7	38	theme	significant	1143:1153	arg1	increases					1155:1163	small but significant increases	1133:1163	small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1133:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	11	39	theme	natural	1585:1591	arg1	addition					1573:1580	the addition	1569:1580	the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants	1569:1646	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	11	39	theme	natural	1585:1591	arg1	coating					1557:1563	CMC coating	1553:1563	CMC coating	1553:1563	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	1	40	theme	oil	209:211	arg1	content					176:182	their high content	165:182	their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients	165:241	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	7	41	theme	small	1133:1137	arg1	increases					1155:1163	small but significant increases	1133:1163	small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1133:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	11	42	theme	peanut	1594:1599	arg1	extract					1606:1612	peanut skin extract	1594:1612	peanut skin extract	1594:1612	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	11	42	theme	peanut	1594:1599	arg1	natural					1585:1591	natural	1585:1591	natural	1585:1591	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	1	43	theme	other	217:221	arg1	nutrients					233:241	other important nutrients	217:241	other important nutrients	217:241	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	0	44	with	Preservation	29:40	arg1	Addition					69:76	the Addition	65:76	the Addition of Antioxidants	65:92	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	3	45	theme	natural	492:498	arg1	antioxidants					514:525	natural and synthetic antioxidants	492:525	natural and synthetic antioxidants	492:525	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	1	46	theme	nutrients	233:241	arg1	content					176:182	their high content	165:182	their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients	165:241	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	9	47	theme	lowest	1431:1436	arg1	/kg					1453:1455	2.00 meqO2 /kg	1442:1455	2.00 meqO2 /kg	1442:1455	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	47	theme	lowest	1431:1436	arg1	PV					1438:1439	the lowest PV	1427:1439	the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg)	1427:1456	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	48	contain	had	1378:1380	arg2	PV					1394:1395	the highest PV	1382:1395	the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg)	1382:1412	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	48	contain	had	1378:1380	arg2	/kg					1409:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	48	contain	had	1378:1380	arg1	C					1376:1376	C	1376:1376	C	1376:1376	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	10	49	theme	intermediate	1489:1500	arg1	values					1505:1510	similar intermediate PV values	1481:1510	similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively)	1481:1550	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	1	50	theme	high	171:174	arg1	content					176:182	their high content	165:182	their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients	165:241	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	7	51	theme	cardboard	1273:1281	arg1	attributes					1248:1257	negative sensory attributes	1231:1257	negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1231:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	5	52	theme	acid	828:831	arg1	profile					833:839	fatty acid profile	822:839	fatty acid profile	822:839	Proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined on raw almonds.
26595771	9	53	theme	meqO2	1447:1451	arg1	/kg					1453:1455	2.00 meqO2 /kg	1442:1455	2.00 meqO2 /kg	1442:1455	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	53	theme	meqO2	1447:1451	arg1	PV					1438:1439	the lowest PV	1427:1439	the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg)	1427:1456	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	7	54	theme	oxidized	1260:1267	arg1	attributes					1248:1257	negative sensory attributes	1231:1257	negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1231:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	6	55	dep	compounds	1022:1030	arg1	nonanal					1045:1051	nonanal	1045:1051	nonanal	1045:1051	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	55	dep	compounds	1022:1030	arg1	hexanal					1033:1039	hexanal	1033:1039	hexanal	1033:1039	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	7	56	theme	attributes	1248:1257	arg1	ratings					1220:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings	1168:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1168:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	5	57	theme	Proximate	796:804	arg1	composition					806:816	Proximate composition	796:816	Proximate composition	796:816	Proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined on raw almonds.
26595771	8	58	theme	highest	1295:1301	arg1	tendency					1303:1310	the highest tendency	1291:1310	the highest tendency to deterioration during storage	1291:1342	C had the highest tendency to deterioration during storage.
26595771	7	59	theme	negative	1231:1238	arg1	attributes					1248:1257	negative sensory attributes	1231:1257	negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1231:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	4	60	theme	carboxymethyl	620:632	arg1	CMC					645:647	CMC	645:647	CMC	645:647	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	4	60	theme	carboxymethyl	620:632	arg1	cellulose					634:642	carboxymethyl cellulose	620:642	carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)	620:648	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	1	61	theme	many	111:114	arg1	benefits					116:123	many benefits	111:123	many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients	111:241	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	6	62	theme	volatile	1013:1020	arg1	compounds					1022:1030	volatile compounds	1013:1030	volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal)	1013:1052	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	62	theme	volatile	1013:1020	arg1	indicators					956:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	10	63	contain	had	1477:1479	arg2	values					1505:1510	similar intermediate PV values	1481:1510	similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively)	1481:1550	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	10	63	contain	had	1477:1479	arg1	samples					1469:1475	CMC and E samples	1459:1475	CMC and E samples	1459:1475	CMC and E samples had similar intermediate PV values (2.69 and 2.57 meqO2 /kg, respectively).
26595771	6	64	theme	sensory	1059:1065	arg1	attributes					1067:1076	sensory attributes	1059:1076	sensory attributes	1059:1076	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	4	65	theme	peanut	693:698	arg1	E					715:715	E	715:715	E	715:715	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	4	65	theme	peanut	693:698	arg1	extract					706:712	peanut skins extract	693:712	peanut skins extract (E)	693:716	Four samples were prepared: almonds without coating (C), almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), almonds coated with CMC supplemented with peanut skins extract (E), and almonds coated with CMC and supplemented with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
26595771	11	66	theme	roasted	1674:1680	arg1	product					1689:1695	the roasted almond product	1670:1695	the roasted almond product	1670:1695	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	7	67	theme	contents	1196:1203	arg1	ratings					1220:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings	1168:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1168:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	9	68	theme	storage	1359:1365	arg1	end					1352:1354	the end	1348:1354	the end of storage (126 d)	1348:1373	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	3	69	theme	work	353:356	arg1	objective					335:343	The objective	331:343	The objective of this work	331:356	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	7	70	theme	hexanal	1176:1182	arg1	contents					1196:1203	hexanal and nonanal contents	1176:1203	hexanal and nonanal contents	1176:1203	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	11	71	theme	synthetic	1619:1627	arg1	addition					1573:1580	the addition	1569:1580	the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants	1569:1646	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	11	71	theme	synthetic	1619:1627	arg1	coating					1557:1563	CMC coating	1553:1563	CMC coating	1553:1563	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	11	72	dep	natural	1585:1591	arg1	antioxidants					1635:1646	antioxidants	1635:1646	antioxidants	1635:1646	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	7	73	theme	CD	1172:1173	arg1	ratings					1220:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings	1168:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1168:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	0	74	theme	Quality	21:27	arg1	Preservation					29:40	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation	0:40	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.	0:93	Chemical and Sensory Quality Preservation in Coated Almonds with the Addition of Antioxidants.
26595771	7	75	theme	PV	1168:1169	arg1	ratings					1220:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings	1168:1226	PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard)	1168:1282	Samples showed small but significant increases in PV, CD, hexanal and nonanal contents, and intensity ratings of negative sensory attributes (oxidized and cardboard).
26595771	3	76	theme	synthetic	504:512	arg1	antioxidants					514:525	natural and synthetic antioxidants	492:525	natural and synthetic antioxidants	492:525	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	1	77	theme	fatty	193:197	arg1	oil					209:211	oleic fatty acid-rich oil	187:211	oleic fatty acid-rich oil	187:211	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	6	78	theme	Lipid	940:944	arg1	compounds					1022:1030	volatile compounds	1013:1030	volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal)	1013:1052	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	78	theme	Lipid	940:944	arg1	indicators					956:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	78	theme	Lipid	940:944	arg1	dienes					1000:1005	conjugated dienes	989:1005	conjugated dienes (CD)	989:1010	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	3	79	theme	quality	399:405	arg1	preservation					407:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation	374:418	the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage	374:540	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	3	80	theme	carboxymethyl	443:455	arg1	cellulose					457:465	carboxymethyl cellulose	443:465	carboxymethyl cellulose	443:465	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	9	81	theme	3.90	1398:1401	arg1	PV					1394:1395	the highest PV	1382:1395	the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg)	1382:1412	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	9	81	theme	3.90	1398:1401	arg1	/kg					1409:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	3.90 meqO2 /kg	1398:1411	At the end of storage (126 d), C had the highest PV (3.90 meqO2 /kg), and BHT had the lowest PV (2.00 meqO2 /kg).
26595771	1	82	theme	heart	144:148	arg1	disease					150:156	heart disease	144:156	heart disease	144:156	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26595771	3	83	theme	antioxidants	514:525	arg1	addition					480:487	the addition	476:487	the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage	476:540	The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical and sensory quality preservation of almonds coated with carboxymethyl cellulose and with the addition of natural and synthetic antioxidants during storage.
26595771	6	84	theme	conjugated	989:998	arg1	indicators					956:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators	933:965	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	84	theme	conjugated	989:998	arg1	CD					1008:1009	CD	1008:1009	CD	1008:1009	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	6	84	theme	conjugated	989:998	arg1	dienes					1000:1005	conjugated dienes	989:1005	conjugated dienes (CD)	989:1010	Almond samples (C, CMC, E and BHT) were stored at 40 °C for 126 d. Lipid oxidation indicators: peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), volatile compounds (hexanal and nonanal), and sensory attributes were determined for the stored samples.
26595771	11	85	theme	skin	1601:1604	arg1	extract					1606:1612	peanut skin extract	1594:1612	peanut skin extract	1594:1612	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	11	85	theme	skin	1601:1604	arg1	natural					1585:1591	natural	1585:1591	natural	1585:1591	CMC coating and the addition of natural (peanut skin extract) and synthetic (BHT) antioxidants provide protection to the roasted almond product.
26595771	1	86	theme	important	223:231	arg1	nutrients					233:241	other important nutrients	217:241	other important nutrients	217:241	Almonds provide many benefits such as preventing heart disease due to their high content of oleic fatty acid-rich oil and other important nutrients.
26297009	6	0	theme	strains	784:790	arg1	A4α					796:798	A4α	796:798	A4α	796:798	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	6	0	theme	strains	784:790	arg1	type					771:774	The peptidoglycan type	753:774	The peptidoglycan type of both strains	753:790	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	5	1	theme	03	577:578	arg1	hybridization					557:569	DNA-DNA hybridization	549:569	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	549:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	11	2	theme	chemotaxonomic	1226:1239	arg1	characteristics					1241:1255	chemotaxonomic characteristics	1226:1255	chemotaxonomic characteristics	1226:1255	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	12	3	theme	novel	1400:1404	arg1	species					1406:1412	a novel species	1398:1412	a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1398:1487	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	11	4	theme	genus	1339:1343	arg1	Zhihengliuella					1345:1358	the genus Zhihengliuella	1335:1358	the genus Zhihengliuella	1335:1358	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	12	5	dep	Strains	1361:1367	arg1	T					1375:1375	T	1375:1375	T	1375:1375	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	12	5	dep	Strains	1361:1367	arg1	03					1372:1373	JG 03	1369:1373	JG 03(T)	1369:1376	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	12	5	dep	Strains	1361:1367	arg1	05					1385:1386	JG 05	1382:1386	JG 05	1382:1386	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	8	6	from	acids	1013:1017	arg1	05					1032:1033	strain JG 05	1022:1033	strain JG 05	1022:1033	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	3	7	with	related	378:384	arg1	similarities					440:451	sequence similarities	431:451	sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%	431:465	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	8	8	theme	JG	1029:1030	arg1	05					1032:1033	strain JG 05	1022:1033	strain JG 05	1022:1033	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	5	9	theme	DNA-DNA	549:555	arg1	hybridization					557:569	DNA-DNA hybridization	549:569	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	549:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	0	10	theme	Zhihengliuella	0:13	arg1	sp					25:26	Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	0:26	Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.	0:27	Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	12	11	theme	JG	1382:1383	arg1	05					1385:1386	JG 05	1382:1386	JG 05	1382:1386	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	10	12	theme	broth	1136:1140	arg1	medium					1142:1147	nutrient broth medium	1127:1147	nutrient broth medium	1127:1147	In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v).
26297009	5	13	theme	other	598:602	arg1	species					604:610	other species	598:610	other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	598:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	14	14	theme	JG	1527:1528	arg1	T					1564:1564	 = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)	1537:1565	 = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)	1537:1565	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	14	14	theme	JG	1527:1528	arg1	T					1533:1533	T	1533:1533	T	1533:1533	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	14	14	theme	JG	1527:1528	arg1	strain					1517:1522	The type strain	1508:1522	The type strain	1508:1522	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	14	14	theme	JG	1527:1528	arg1	03					1530:1531	JG 03	1527:1531	JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T))	1527:1566	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	8	15	theme	fatty	1007:1011	arg1	acids					1013:1017	the major fatty acids	997:1017	the major fatty acids in strain JG 05	997:1033	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	8	15	theme	fatty	1007:1011	arg1	iso-C15					943:949	iso-C15	943:949	iso-C15	943:949	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	5	16	with	Zhihengliuella	625:638	arg1	names					663:667	validly published names	645:667	validly published names	645:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	7	17	theme	fatty	870:874	arg1	acid					876:879	The predominant fatty acid	854:879	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T)	854:891	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	7	17	theme	fatty	870:874	arg1	anteiso-C15					897:907	anteiso-C15	897:907	anteiso-C15	897:907	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	5	18	theme	05	590:591	arg1	hybridization					557:569	DNA-DNA hybridization	549:569	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	549:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	9	19	theme	G+C	1044:1046	arg1	%					1107:1107	70.0 and 70.1 mol%	1090:1107	%	1107:1107	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	19	theme	G+C	1044:1046	arg1	content					1048:1054	The DNA G+C content	1036:1054	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05	1036:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	3	20	theme	Comparative	300:310	arg1	analyses					312:319	Comparative analyses	300:319	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences	300:346	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	5	21	theme	published	653:661	arg1	names					663:667	validly published names	645:667	validly published names	645:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	10	22	theme	NaCl	1170:1173	arg1	concentrations					1175:1188	NaCl concentrations	1170:1188	NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v)	1170:1207	In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v).
26297009	2	23	dep	Salicornia	256:265	arg1	halophyte					289:297	an extreme halophyte	278:297	an extreme halophyte	278:297	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	23	dep	Salicornia	256:265	arg1	brachiata					267:275	Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte	256:297	brachiata	267:275	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	4	24	dep	strains	495:501	arg1	T					509:509	T	509:509	T	509:509	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	4	24	dep	strains	495:501	arg1	03					506:507	JG 03	503:507	JG 03(T )	503:511	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	4	24	dep	strains	495:501	arg1	05					519:520	JG 05	516:520	JG 05	516:520	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	3	25	theme	rRNA	328:331	arg1	sequences					338:346	16S rRNA gene sequences	324:346	16S rRNA gene sequences	324:346	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	4	26	theme	sequence	472:479	arg1	%					546:546	99.4%	542:546	99.4%	542:546	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	4	26	theme	sequence	472:479	arg1	similarity					481:490	The sequence similarity	468:490	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other	468:536	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	10	27	dep	15	1199:1200	arg1	to					1196:1197	to	1196:1197	to	1196:1197	In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v).
26297009	6	28	theme	peptidoglycan	757:769	arg1	A4α					796:798	A4α	796:798	A4α	796:798	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	6	28	theme	peptidoglycan	757:769	arg1	type					771:774	The peptidoglycan type	753:774	The peptidoglycan type of both strains	753:790	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	5	29	theme	-53.4	705:709	arg1	%					704:704	%	704:704	%	704:704	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	9	30	theme	JG	1080:1081	arg1	05					1083:1084	JG 05	1080:1084	JG 05	1080:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	3	31	theme	sequences	338:346	arg1	analyses					312:319	Comparative analyses	300:319	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences	300:346	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	1	32	theme	Salicornia	102:111	arg1	brachiata					113:121	a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	90:121	a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	90:121	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	9	33	dep	strains	1059:1065	arg1	T					1073:1073	T	1073:1073	T	1073:1073	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	33	dep	strains	1059:1065	arg1	03					1070:1071	JG 03	1067:1071	JG 03(T)	1067:1074	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	33	dep	strains	1059:1065	arg1	05					1083:1084	JG 05	1080:1084	JG 05	1080:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	10	34	theme	%	1201:1201	arg1	concentrations					1175:1188	NaCl concentrations	1170:1188	NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v)	1170:1207	In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v).
26297009	3	35	theme	Zhihengliuella	410:423	arg1	members					389:395	members	389:395	members of the genus Zhihengliuella	389:423	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	14	36	theme	=	1553:1553	arg1	T					1564:1564	 = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)	1537:1565	 = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)	1537:1565	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	14	36	theme	=	1553:1553	arg1	03					1530:1531	JG 03	1527:1531	JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T))	1527:1566	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	12	37	theme	name	1456:1459	arg1	sp					1486:1487	the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1452:1487	the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1452:1487	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	4	38	with	similarity	481:490	arg1	other					532:536	other	532:536	other	532:536	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	5	39	theme	19.8	700:703	arg1	%					704:704	%	704:704	%	704:704	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	9	40	theme	mol	1104:1106	arg1	content					1048:1054	The DNA G+C content	1036:1054	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05	1036:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	40	theme	mol	1104:1106	arg1	%					1107:1107	70.0 and 70.1 mol%	1090:1107	%	1107:1107	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	12	41	theme	somnathii	1476:1484	arg1	sp					1486:1487	the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1452:1487	the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1452:1487	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	4	42	theme	JG	503:504	arg1	T					509:509	T	509:509	T	509:509	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	4	42	theme	JG	503:504	arg1	03					506:507	JG 03	503:507	JG 03(T )	503:511	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	11	43	theme	JG	1292:1293	arg1	03					1295:1296	JG 03	1292:1296	JG 03(T)	1292:1299	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	11	43	theme	JG	1292:1293	arg1	T					1298:1298	T	1298:1298	T	1298:1298	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	12	44	theme	Zhihengliuella	1427:1440	arg1	species					1406:1412	a novel species	1398:1412	a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1398:1487	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	2	45	theme	strains	191:197	arg1	bacteria					181:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	45	theme	strains	191:197	arg1	T					205:205	T	205:205	T	205:205	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	45	theme	strains	191:197	arg1	03					202:203	strains JG 03	191:203	strains JG 03(T)	191:206	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	11	46	theme	JG	1305:1306	arg1	05					1308:1309	JG 05	1305:1309	JG 05	1305:1309	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	1	47	theme	halotolerant	37:48	arg1	actinobacterium					50:64	a halotolerant actinobacterium	35:64	a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	35:121	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	1	47	theme	halotolerant	37:48	arg1	nov.					29:32	nov.	29:32	nov.	29:32	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	5	48	theme	JG	574:575	arg1	03					577:578	JG 03	574:578	JG 03(T)	574:581	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	5	48	theme	JG	574:575	arg1	T					580:580	T	580:580	T	580:580	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	1	49	from	rhizosphere	75:85	arg1	actinobacterium					50:64	a halotolerant actinobacterium	35:64	a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	35:121	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	1	49	from	rhizosphere	75:85	arg1	nov.					29:32	nov.	29:32	nov.	29:32	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	4	50	theme	JG	516:517	arg1	05					519:520	JG 05	516:520	JG 05	516:520	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	2	51	theme	Salicornia	256:265	arg1	rhizosphere					241:251	the rhizosphere	237:251	the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte	237:297	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	11	52	dep	strains	1284:1290	arg1	03					1295:1296	JG 03	1292:1296	JG 03(T)	1292:1299	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	11	52	dep	strains	1284:1290	arg1	05					1308:1309	JG 05	1305:1309	JG 05	1305:1309	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	11	52	dep	strains	1284:1290	arg1	T					1298:1298	T	1298:1298	T	1298:1298	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	5	53	theme	%	731:731	arg1	values					690:695	reassociation values	676:695	reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4%	676:710	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	5	53	theme	%	731:731	arg1	value					718:722	a value	716:722	a value of 91.4% between each other	716:750	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	8	54	theme	strain	1022:1027	arg1	05					1032:1033	strain JG 05	1022:1033	strain JG 05	1022:1033	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	8	55	dep	iso-C15	943:949	arg1	0					970:970	0	970:970	0	970:970	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	8	55	dep	iso-C15	943:949	arg1	0					953:953	0	953:953	0	953:953	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	8	55	dep	iso-C15	943:949	arg1	0					990:990	0	990:990	0	990:990	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	8	55	dep	iso-C15	943:949	arg1	anteiso-C17					976:986	anteiso-C17	976:986	anteiso-C17	976:986	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	2	56	theme	extreme	281:287	arg1	halophyte					289:297	an extreme halophyte	278:297	an extreme halophyte	278:297	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	9	57	theme	JG	1067:1068	arg1	T					1073:1073	T	1073:1073	T	1073:1073	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	57	theme	JG	1067:1068	arg1	03					1070:1071	JG 03	1067:1071	JG 03(T)	1067:1074	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	6	58	theme	predominant	828:838	arg1	MK-9					804:807	MK-9	804:807	MK-9	804:807	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	6	58	theme	predominant	828:838	arg1	menaquinones					840:851	the predominant menaquinones	824:851	the predominant menaquinones	824:851	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	6	58	theme	predominant	828:838	arg1	MK-10					813:817	MK-10	813:817	MK-10	813:817	The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones.
26297009	10	59	theme	nutrient	1127:1134	arg1	medium					1142:1147	nutrient broth medium	1127:1147	nutrient broth medium	1127:1147	In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15% (w/v).
26297009	14	60	theme	type	1512:1515	arg1	strain					1517:1522	The type strain	1508:1522	The type strain	1508:1522	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	14	60	theme	type	1512:1515	arg1	03					1530:1531	JG 03	1527:1531	JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T))	1527:1566	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	7	61	from	acid	876:879	arg1	T					890:890	T	890:890	T	890:890	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	7	61	from	acid	876:879	arg1	03					887:888	JG 03	884:888	JG 03(T)	884:891	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	2	62	theme	JG	212:213	arg1	bacteria					181:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	62	theme	JG	212:213	arg1	05					215:216	JG 05	212:216	JG 05	212:216	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	8	63	theme	major	1001:1005	arg1	acids					1013:1017	the major fatty acids	997:1017	the major fatty acids in strain JG 05	997:1033	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	8	63	theme	major	1001:1005	arg1	iso-C15					943:949	iso-C15	943:949	iso-C15	943:949	However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05.
26297009	7	64	theme	JG	884:885	arg1	T					890:890	T	890:890	T	890:890	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	7	64	theme	JG	884:885	arg1	03					887:888	JG 03	884:888	JG 03(T)	884:891	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	1	65	theme	brachiata	113:121	arg1	rhizosphere					75:85	the rhizosphere	71:85	the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	71:121	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	11	66	theme	phylogenetic	1261:1272	arg1	analyses					1274:1281	phylogenetic analyses	1261:1281	phylogenetic analyses	1261:1281	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	5	67	theme	JG	587:588	arg1	05					590:591	JG 05	587:591	JG 05	587:591	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	9	68	theme	DNA	1040:1042	arg1	%					1107:1107	70.0 and 70.1 mol%	1090:1107	%	1107:1107	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	68	theme	DNA	1040:1042	arg1	content					1048:1054	The DNA G+C content	1036:1054	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05	1036:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	2	69	attach	isolated	223:230	arg2	03					202:203	strains JG 03	191:203	strains JG 03(T)	191:206	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	69	attach	isolated	223:230	arg2	05					215:216	JG 05	212:216	JG 05	212:216	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	69	attach	isolated	223:230	arg1	rhizosphere					241:251	the rhizosphere	237:251	the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte	237:297	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	69	attach	isolated	223:230	arg2	bacteria					181:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	7	70	theme	predominant	858:868	arg1	acid					876:879	The predominant fatty acid	854:879	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T)	854:891	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	7	70	theme	predominant	858:868	arg1	anteiso-C15					897:907	anteiso-C15	897:907	anteiso-C15	897:907	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	5	71	theme	genus	619:623	arg1	Zhihengliuella					625:638	the genus Zhihengliuella	615:638	the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	615:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	9	72	theme	strains	1059:1065	arg1	%					1107:1107	70.0 and 70.1 mol%	1090:1107	%	1107:1107	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	72	theme	strains	1059:1065	arg1	content					1048:1054	The DNA G+C content	1036:1054	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05	1036:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	12	73	theme	JG	1369:1370	arg1	T					1375:1375	T	1375:1375	T	1375:1375	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	12	73	theme	JG	1369:1370	arg1	03					1372:1373	JG 03	1369:1373	JG 03(T)	1369:1376	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	3	74	theme	gene	333:336	arg1	sequences					338:346	16S rRNA gene sequences	324:346	16S rRNA gene sequences	324:346	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	5	75	theme	Zhihengliuella	625:638	arg1	species					604:610	other species	598:610	other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	598:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	3	76	theme	16S	324:326	arg1	sequences					338:346	16S rRNA gene sequences	324:346	16S rRNA gene sequences	324:346	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	3	77	theme	genus	404:408	arg1	Zhihengliuella					410:423	the genus Zhihengliuella	400:423	the genus Zhihengliuella	400:423	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	0	78	theme	somnathii	15:23	arg1	sp					25:26	Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	0:26	Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.	0:27	Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	5	79	theme	%	710:710	arg1	values					690:695	reassociation values	676:695	reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4%	676:710	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	5	79	theme	%	710:710	arg1	value					718:722	a value	716:722	a value of 91.4% between each other	716:750	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	1	80	theme	halophyte	92:100	arg1	brachiata					113:121	a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	90:121	a halophyte Salicornia brachiata	90:121	nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata.
26297009	3	81	theme	sequence	431:438	arg1	similarities					440:451	sequence similarities	431:451	sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%	431:465	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	5	82	theme	reassociation	676:688	arg1	values					690:695	reassociation values	676:695	reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4%	676:710	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	9	83	theme	70.0	1090:1093	arg1	content					1048:1054	The DNA G+C content	1036:1054	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05	1036:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	83	theme	70.0	1090:1093	arg1	%					1107:1107	70.0 and 70.1 mol%	1090:1107	%	1107:1107	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	14	84	theme	IMCC	1555:1558	arg1	T					1564:1564	 = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)	1537:1565	 = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)	1537:1565	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	14	84	theme	IMCC	1555:1558	arg1	03					1530:1531	JG 03	1527:1531	JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T))	1527:1566	The type strain is JG 03(T) ( = DSM 23187(T) = IMCC 253(T)).
26297009	4	85	theme	strains	495:501	arg1	%					546:546	99.4%	542:546	99.4%	542:546	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	4	85	theme	strains	495:501	arg1	similarity					481:490	The sequence similarity	468:490	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other	468:536	The sequence similarity of strains JG 03(T )and JG 05 with each other was 99.4%.
26297009	9	86	theme	70.1	1099:1102	arg1	content					1048:1054	The DNA G+C content	1036:1054	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05	1036:1084	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	9	86	theme	70.1	1099:1102	arg1	%					1107:1107	70.0 and 70.1 mol%	1090:1107	%	1107:1107	The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively.
26297009	5	87	with	hybridization	557:569	arg1	species					604:610	other species	598:610	other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names	598:667	DNA-DNA hybridization of JG 03(T) and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8%-53.4% and a value of 91.4% between each other.
26297009	2	88	dep	novel	128:132	arg1	Gram-stain-positive					135:153	Gram-stain-positive	135:153	Gram-stain-positive	135:153	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	88	dep	novel	128:132	arg1	halotolerent					168:179	halotolerent	168:179	halotolerent	168:179	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	88	dep	novel	128:132	arg1	rod-shaped					156:165	rod-shaped	156:165	rod-shaped	156:165	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	3	89	theme	%	465:465	arg1	similarities					440:451	sequence similarities	431:451	sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%	431:465	Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9-99.1%.
26297009	12	90	theme	Zhihengliuella	1461:1474	arg1	sp					1486:1487	the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1452:1487	the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp	1452:1487	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	2	91	theme	JG	199:200	arg1	bacteria					181:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	91	theme	JG	199:200	arg1	T					205:205	T	205:205	T	205:205	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	91	theme	JG	199:200	arg1	03					202:203	strains JG 03	191:203	strains JG 03(T)	191:206	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	12	92	theme	genus	1421:1425	arg1	Zhihengliuella					1427:1440	the genus Zhihengliuella	1417:1440	the genus Zhihengliuella	1417:1440	Strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp.
26297009	11	93	dep	characteristics	1241:1255	arg1	basis					1217:1221	basis	1217:1221	basis	1217:1221	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	11	93	dep	characteristics	1241:1255	arg1	the					1213:1215	the	1213:1215	the	1213:1215	On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella.
26297009	7	94	dep	anteiso-C15	897:907	arg1	0					931:931	0	931:931	0	931:931	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	7	94	dep	anteiso-C15	897:907	arg1	anteiso-C17					917:927	anteiso-C17	917:927	anteiso-C17	917:927	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	7	94	dep	anteiso-C15	897:907	arg1	0					911:911	0	911:911	0	911:911	The predominant fatty acid in JG 03(T) was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
26297009	2	95	theme	novel	128:132	arg1	bacteria					181:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria	124:188	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	95	theme	novel	128:132	arg1	03					202:203	strains JG 03	191:203	strains JG 03(T)	191:206	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
26297009	2	95	theme	novel	128:132	arg1	05					215:216	JG 05	212:216	JG 05	212:216	Two novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03(T) and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte.
25180790	2	0	theme	complementary	330:342	arg1	models					350:355	two complementary mouse models	326:355	two complementary mouse models of colitis	326:366	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	10	1	theme	present	1680:1686	arg1	bacteria					1671:1678	bacteria	1671:1678	bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva	1671:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	5	2	dep	Firmicutes	781:790	arg1	Bacteroidetes					766:778	Bacteroidetes	766:778	Bacteroidetes	766:778	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	4	3	theme	bacterial	631:639	arg1	profiles					655:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	10	4	dep	CONCLUSION	1535:1544	arg1	indicate					1561:1568	indicate	1561:1568	indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva	1561:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	10	5	theme	oral	1695:1698	arg1	cavity					1700:1705	the oral cavity	1691:1705	the oral cavity	1691:1705	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	9	6	theme	cluster	1413:1419	arg1	analysis					1421:1428	cluster analysis	1413:1428	cluster analysis	1413:1428	Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%.
25180790	4	7	theme	rRNA	645:648	arg1	profiles					655:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	7	8	dep	resistant	1103:1111	arg1	%					1155:1155	maximum 1.8%	1144:1155	maximum 1.8% change	1144:1162	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	8	dep	resistant	1103:1111	arg1	microbiome					1077:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	8	dep	resistant	1103:1111	arg1	%					1186:1186	tongue maximum 2.5%	1168:1186	tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition	1168:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	8	dep	resistant	1103:1111	arg1	resistant					1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	11	9	theme	oral	1742:1745	arg1	microbiota					1747:1756	the oral microbiota	1738:1756	the oral microbiota	1738:1756	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	2	10	theme	oral	290:293	arg1	microbiome					295:304	the oral microbiome	286:304	the oral microbiome	286:304	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	6	11	theme	microbiota	965:974	arg1	%					951:951	over 99%	944:951	over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice	944:998	These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice.
25180790	6	11	theme	microbiota	965:974	arg1	microbiota					965:974	the oral microbiota	956:974	the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice	956:998	These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice.
25180790	10	12	theme	bacteria	1671:1678	arg1	composition					1656:1666	the composition	1652:1666	the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva	1652:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	2	13	theme	colitis	360:366	arg1	models					350:355	two complementary mouse models	326:355	two complementary mouse models of colitis	326:366	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	9	14	theme	mucosal	1449:1455	arg1	composition					1468:1478	buccal mucosal microbiota composition	1442:1478	buccal mucosal microbiota composition	1442:1478	Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%.
25180790	1	15	dep	BACKGROUND	64:73	arg1	pathologies					96:106	Oral mucosal pathologies	83:106	Oral mucosal pathologies	83:106	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	7	16	theme	oral	1044:1047	arg1	microbiome					1049:1058	the oral microbiome	1040:1058	the oral microbiome	1040:1058	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	10	17	from	cavity	1700:1705	arg1	present					1680:1686	present	1680:1686	present	1680:1686	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	5	18	theme	Relative	665:672	arg1	changes					674:680	Relative changes	665:680	Relative changes	665:680	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	1	19	theme	inflammatory	124:135	arg1	disease					143:149	inflammatory bowel disease	124:149	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	124:155	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	1	19	theme	inflammatory	124:135	arg1	IBD					152:154	IBD	152:154	IBD	152:154	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	0	20	theme	colitis	55:61	arg1	models					45:50	mouse models	39:50	mouse models of colitis	39:61	Oral microbiome composition changes in mouse models of colitis.
25180790	11	21	theme	Such	1722:1725	arg1	changes					1727:1733	Such changes	1722:1733	Such changes in the oral microbiota	1722:1756	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	6	22	theme	mice	995:998	arg1	microbiota					965:974	the oral microbiota	956:974	the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice	956:998	These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice.
25180790	8	23	theme	oral	1294:1297	arg1	microbiota					1299:1308	the oral microbiota	1290:1308	the oral microbiota	1290:1308	Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C. rodentium-induced colitis.
25180790	5	24	theme	polymerase	717:726	arg1	reaction					734:741	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	704:741	quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis	704:750	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	7	25	dep	7.2	1232:1234	arg1	to					1229:1230	to	1229:1230	to	1229:1230	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	6	26	theme	healthy	979:985	arg1	mice					995:998	healthy C57BL/6 mice	979:998	healthy C57BL/6 mice	979:998	These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice.
25180790	10	27	theme	colitis	1614:1620	arg1	models					1604:1609	murine models	1597:1609	murine models of colitis	1597:1620	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	5	28	theme	reaction	734:741	arg1	analysis					743:750	quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis	704:750	quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis	704:750	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	2	29	theme	Citrobacter	420:430	arg1	rodentium					432:440	Citrobacter rodentium	420:440	Citrobacter rodentium infection	420:450	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	2	30	dep	evaluated	310:318	arg1	using					320:324	using	320:324	using two complementary mouse models of colitis	320:366	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	2	30	dep	evaluated	310:318	arg1	infection					442:450	Citrobacter rodentium infection	420:450	Citrobacter rodentium infection	420:450	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	2	30	dep	evaluated	310:318	arg1	chemically					376:385	chemically	376:385	chemically	376:385	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	0	31	theme	Oral	0:3	arg1	composition					16:26	Oral microbiome composition	0:26	Oral microbiome composition	0:26	Oral microbiome composition changes in mouse models of colitis.
25180790	1	32	theme	Oral	83:86	arg1	pathologies					96:106	Oral mucosal pathologies	83:106	Oral mucosal pathologies	83:106	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	7	33	dep	%	1186:1186	arg1	change					1188:1193	change	1188:1193	change	1188:1193	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	33	dep	%	1186:1186	arg1	saliva					1200:1205	saliva	1200:1205	saliva	1200:1205	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	8	34	theme	sulfate	1337:1343	arg1	sodium					1345:1350	dextran sulfate sodium	1329:1350	dextran sulfate sodium challenge	1329:1360	Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C. rodentium-induced colitis.
25180790	10	35	located	observed	1585:1592	arg2	dysbiosis					1575:1583	dysbiosis	1575:1583	dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis	1575:1620	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	10	35	located	observed	1585:1592	arg1	models					1604:1609	murine models	1597:1609	murine models of colitis	1597:1620	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	2	36	theme	dextran	388:394	arg1	sodium					404:409	dextran sulfate sodium	388:409	dextran sulfate sodium	388:409	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	7	37	theme	maximum	1144:1150	arg1	%					1155:1155	maximum 1.8%	1144:1155	maximum 1.8% change	1144:1162	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	37	theme	maximum	1144:1150	arg1	microbiome					1077:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	37	theme	maximum	1144:1150	arg1	%					1186:1186	tongue maximum 2.5%	1168:1186	tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition	1168:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	37	theme	maximum	1144:1150	arg1	resistant					1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	38	from	changes	1243:1249	arg1	composition					1265:1275	microbiota composition	1254:1275	microbiota composition	1254:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	39	theme	total	1237:1241	arg1	changes					1243:1249	up to 7.2% total changes	1226:1249	up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition	1226:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	40	from	alterations	1116:1126	arg1	composition					1131:1141	composition	1131:1141	composition	1131:1141	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	8	41	theme	C. rodentium-induced	1377:1396	arg1	colitis					1398:1404	C. rodentium-induced colitis	1377:1404	C. rodentium-induced colitis	1377:1404	Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C. rodentium-induced colitis.
25180790	2	42	dep	chemically	376:385	arg1	sodium					404:409	dextran sulfate sodium	388:409	dextran sulfate sodium	388:409	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	3	43	theme	buccal	490:495	arg1	mucosa					497:502	buccal mucosa	490:502	buccal mucosa	490:502	METHODS After sacrifice, the tongue, buccal mucosa, saliva, colon, and stool samples were collected for analyses.
25180790	10	44	from	changes	1641:1647	arg1	composition					1656:1666	the composition	1652:1666	the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva	1652:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	4	45	theme	gradient	578:585	arg1	electrophoresis					591:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	567:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	567:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	2	46	theme	mouse	344:348	arg1	models					350:355	two complementary mouse models	326:355	two complementary mouse models of colitis	326:366	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	10	47	from	present	1680:1686	arg1	cavity					1700:1705	the oral cavity	1691:1705	the oral cavity	1691:1705	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	10	47	from	present	1680:1686	arg1	saliva					1714:1719	saliva	1714:1719	saliva	1714:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	7	48	theme	buccal	1070:1075	arg1	resistant					1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	48	theme	buccal	1070:1075	arg1	microbiome					1077:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	48	theme	buccal	1070:1075	arg1	%					1186:1186	tongue maximum 2.5%	1168:1186	tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition	1168:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	48	theme	buccal	1070:1075	arg1	%					1155:1155	maximum 1.8%	1144:1155	maximum 1.8% change	1144:1162	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	3	49	theme	stool	524:528	arg1	samples					530:536	stool samples	524:536	stool samples	524:536	METHODS After sacrifice, the tongue, buccal mucosa, saliva, colon, and stool samples were collected for analyses.
25180790	4	50	theme	16S	641:643	arg1	profiles					655:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	6	51	theme	oral	960:963	arg1	microbiota					965:974	the oral microbiota	956:974	the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice	956:998	These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice.
25180790	2	52	theme	IBD	231:233	arg1	pathogenesis					215:226	the pathogenesis	211:226	the pathogenesis of IBD	211:233	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	9	53	theme	buccal	1442:1447	arg1	composition					1468:1478	buccal mucosal microbiota composition	1442:1478	buccal mucosal microbiota composition	1442:1478	Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%.
25180790	11	54	from	changes	1727:1733	arg1	microbiota					1747:1756	the oral microbiota	1738:1756	the oral microbiota	1738:1756	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	7	55	theme	maximum	1175:1181	arg1	resistant					1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	55	theme	maximum	1175:1181	arg1	microbiome					1077:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	55	theme	maximum	1175:1181	arg1	%					1186:1186	tongue maximum 2.5%	1168:1186	tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition	1168:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	55	theme	maximum	1175:1181	arg1	%					1155:1155	maximum 1.8%	1144:1155	maximum 1.8% change	1144:1162	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	9	56	theme	microbiota	1457:1466	arg1	composition					1468:1478	buccal mucosal microbiota composition	1442:1478	buccal mucosal microbiota composition	1442:1478	Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%.
25180790	7	57	theme	colitis	1024:1030	arg1	models					1014:1019	Both models	1009:1019	Both models of colitis	1009:1030	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	1	58	theme	bowel	137:141	arg1	disease					143:149	inflammatory bowel disease	124:149	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	124:155	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	1	58	theme	bowel	137:141	arg1	IBD					152:154	IBD	152:154	IBD	152:154	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	4	59	theme	gene	650:653	arg1	profiles					655:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles	631:662	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	11	60	theme	oral	1810:1813	arg1	pathologies					1823:1833	oral mucosal pathologies	1810:1833	oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients	1810:1858	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	9	61	theme	saliva	1494:1499	arg1	%					1505:1505	saliva ∼ 35%	1494:1505	saliva ∼ 35%	1494:1505	Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%.
25180790	9	61	theme	saliva	1494:1499	arg1	%					1491:1491	∼ 5%	1488:1491	∼ 5%	1488:1491	Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%.
25180790	10	62	from	saliva	1714:1719	arg1	present					1680:1686	present	1680:1686	present	1680:1686	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	7	63	dep	%	1155:1155	arg1	change					1157:1162	change	1157:1162	maximum 1.8% change	1144:1162	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	5	64	theme	quantitative	704:715	arg1	reaction					734:741	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	704:741	quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis	704:750	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	6	65	theme	C57BL/6	987:993	arg1	mice					995:998	healthy C57BL/6 mice	979:998	healthy C57BL/6 mice	979:998	These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C57BL/6 mice.
25180790	11	66	dep	etiology	1783:1790	arg1	the					1779:1781	the	1779:1781	the	1779:1781	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	7	67	dep	RESULTS	1001:1007	arg1	changed					1032:1038	changed	1032:1038	changed	1032:1038	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	5	68	theme	chain	728:732	arg1	reaction					734:741	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	704:741	quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis	704:750	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	1	69	from	disease	143:149	arg1	frequent					112:119	frequent	112:119	frequent	112:119	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	7	70	dep	%	1235:1235	arg1	7.2					1232:1234	7.2	1232:1234	7.2	1232:1234	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	0	71	theme	microbiome	5:14	arg1	composition					16:26	Oral microbiome composition	0:26	Oral microbiome composition	0:26	Oral microbiome composition changes in mouse models of colitis.
25180790	8	72	from	Changes	1279:1285	arg1	microbiota					1299:1308	the oral microbiota	1290:1308	the oral microbiota	1290:1308	Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C. rodentium-induced colitis.
25180790	11	73	theme	mucosal	1815:1821	arg1	pathologies					1823:1833	oral mucosal pathologies	1810:1833	oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients	1810:1858	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	10	74	theme	murine	1597:1602	arg1	models					1604:1609	murine models	1597:1609	murine models of colitis	1597:1620	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	1	75	from	frequent	112:119	arg1	disease					143:149	inflammatory bowel disease	124:149	inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)	124:155	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	1	75	from	frequent	112:119	arg1	IBD					152:154	IBD	152:154	IBD	152:154	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	1	76	theme	mucosal	88:94	arg1	pathologies					96:106	Oral mucosal pathologies	83:106	Oral mucosal pathologies	83:106	BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
25180790	7	77	theme	microbiota	1254:1263	arg1	composition					1265:1275	microbiota composition	1254:1275	microbiota composition	1254:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	2	78	theme	host-microbiome	164:178	arg1	interactions					180:191	host-microbiome interactions	164:191	host-microbiome interactions	164:191	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	8	79	theme	dextran	1329:1335	arg1	sodium					1345:1350	dextran sulfate sodium	1329:1350	dextran sulfate sodium challenge	1329:1360	Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C. rodentium-induced colitis.
25180790	2	80	theme	sulfate	396:402	arg1	sodium					404:409	dextran sulfate sodium	388:409	dextran sulfate sodium	388:409	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	0	81	theme	mouse	39:43	arg1	models					45:50	mouse models	39:50	mouse models of colitis	39:61	Oral microbiome composition changes in mouse models of colitis.
25180790	11	82	theme	IBD	1847:1849	arg1	patients					1851:1858	IBD patients	1847:1858	IBD patients	1847:1858	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	10	83	attach	present	1680:1686	arg2	bacteria					1671:1678	bacteria	1671:1678	bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva	1671:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	10	83	attach	present	1680:1686	arg1	saliva					1714:1719	saliva	1714:1719	saliva	1714:1719	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	10	83	attach	present	1680:1686	arg1	cavity					1700:1705	the oral cavity	1691:1705	the oral cavity	1691:1705	CONCLUSION These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva.
25180790	8	84	theme	sodium	1345:1350	arg1	challenge					1352:1360	dextran sulfate sodium challenge	1329:1360	dextran sulfate sodium challenge	1329:1360	Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C. rodentium-induced colitis.
25180790	7	85	theme	tongue	1168:1173	arg1	resistant					1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	resistant	1103:1111	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	85	theme	tongue	1168:1173	arg1	microbiome					1077:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	the buccal microbiome	1066:1086	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	85	theme	tongue	1168:1173	arg1	%					1186:1186	tongue maximum 2.5%	1168:1186	tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition	1168:1275	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	7	85	theme	tongue	1168:1173	arg1	%					1155:1155	maximum 1.8%	1144:1155	maximum 1.8% change	1144:1162	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	2	86	theme	rodentium	432:440	arg1	infection					442:450	Citrobacter rodentium infection	420:450	Citrobacter rodentium infection	420:450	Since host-microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with Citrobacter rodentium infection.
25180790	7	87	dep	changes	1243:1249	arg1	%					1235:1235	%	1235:1235	%	1235:1235	RESULTS Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition).
25180790	4	88	theme	Denaturing	567:576	arg1	electrophoresis					591:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	567:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	567:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	11	89	located	observed	1835:1842	arg2	pathologies					1823:1833	oral mucosal pathologies	1810:1833	oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients	1810:1858	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	11	89	located	observed	1835:1842	arg1	patients					1851:1858	IBD patients	1847:1858	IBD patients	1847:1858	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	4	90	theme	gel	587:589	arg1	electrophoresis					591:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	567:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	567:605	Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiles.
25180790	5	91	dep	classes	826:832	arg1	Gammaproteobacteria					834:852	Gammaproteobacteria	834:852	Gammaproteobacteria	834:852	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	5	91	dep	classes	826:832	arg1	classes					826:832	classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria	826:875	classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria	826:875	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	5	91	dep	classes	826:832	arg1	Betaproteobacteria					858:875	Betaproteobacteria	858:875	Betaproteobacteria	858:875	Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochetes, and Actinobacteria, classes Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and the genera Bacillus and Lactobacillus.
25180790	11	92	theme	pathologies	1823:1833	arg1	management					1796:1805	management	1796:1805	management	1796:1805	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25180790	11	92	theme	pathologies	1823:1833	arg1	etiology					1783:1790	etiology	1783:1790	etiology	1783:1790	Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.
25565803	6	0	theme	nanocomposite	851:863	arg1	characterization					818:833	The compositional characterization	800:833	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite	800:863	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction.
25565803	11	1	contain	containing	1423:1432	arg2	MNPs					1438:1441	10% MNPs	1434:1441	10% MNPs	1434:1441	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	1	contain	containing	1423:1432	arg1	nanocomposites					1408:1421	magnetic nanocomposites	1399:1421	magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs	1399:1441	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	2	theme	%	1436:1436	arg1	MNPs					1438:1441	10% MNPs	1434:1441	10% MNPs	1434:1441	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	8	3	theme	cells	1032:1036	arg1	proliferation					1015:1027	The proliferation	1011:1027	The proliferation of cells	1011:1036	The proliferation of cells was examined by a 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling assay, a PrestoBlue assay, and a Live/Dead assay.
25565803	2	4	theme	biological	351:360	arg1	properties					362:371	biological properties	351:371	biological properties	351:371	Therefore, it is important to explore an approach to enhance the viability and biological properties of SCs.
25565803	13	5	theme	%	1773:1773	arg1	scaffold					1788:1795	the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1767:1795	the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1767:1795	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	9	6	theme	quantitative	1219:1230	arg1	reaction					1259:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	3	7	theme	biodegradable	492:504	arg1	polymer					532:538	a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer	490:538	a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer	490:538	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	1	8	theme	tissue	148:153	arg1	engineering					155:165	neural tissue engineering	141:165	neural tissue engineering	141:165	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	4	9	theme	SC	677:678	arg1	activities					691:700	SC biological activities	677:700	SC biological activities	677:700	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	13	10	theme	magnetic	1736:1743	arg1	field					1745:1749	a magnetic field	1734:1749	a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1734:1795	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	11	11	theme	emu/g	1546:1550	arg1	magnetization					1523:1535	magnetization	1523:1535	magnetization of 5.691 emu/g	1523:1550	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	11	theme	emu/g	1546:1550	arg1	diameter					1466:1473	a cross-section diameter	1450:1473	a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm	1450:1490	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	11	theme	emu/g	1546:1550	arg1	porosity					1493:1500	porosity	1493:1500	porosity of 80.41%±0.72%	1493:1516	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	12	12	theme	MNP	1570:1572	arg1	able					1603:1606	able	1603:1606	able	1603:1606	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	12	12	theme	MNP	1570:1572	arg1	nanocomposites					1583:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites	1562:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites	1562:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	4	13	theme	via	634:636	arg1	fields					655:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	4	14	theme	magnetic	646:653	arg1	fields					655:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	5	15	theme	magnetic	728:735	arg1	nanocomposite					737:749	the magnetic nanocomposite	724:749	the magnetic nanocomposite	724:749	The magnetization of the magnetic nanocomposite was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer.
25565803	12	16	theme	10	1566:1567	arg1	%					1568:1568	%	1568:1568	%	1568:1568	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	11	17	theme	80.41	1505:1509	arg1	%					1510:1510	%	1510:1510	%	1510:1510	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	12	18	theme	field	1703:1707	arg1	exposure					1709:1716	magnetic field exposure	1694:1716	magnetic field exposure	1694:1716	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	13	19	theme	VEGF	1888:1891	arg1	expression					1830:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	13	19	theme	VEGF	1888:1891	arg1	secretion					1853:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	5	20	theme	vibrating	769:777	arg1	magnetometer					786:797	a vibrating sample magnetometer	767:797	a vibrating sample magnetometer	767:797	The magnetization of the magnetic nanocomposite was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer.
25565803	1	21	theme	seed	127:130	arg1	cells					132:136	attractive seed cells	116:136	attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering	116:165	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	1	21	theme	seed	127:130	arg1	cells					100:104	Schwann cells	92:104	Schwann cells (SCs)	92:110	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	0	22	theme	applied	68:74	arg1	field					85:89	applied magnetic field	68:89	applied magnetic field	68:89	Activation of Schwann cells in vitro by magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic field.
25565803	1	23	from	cells	132:136	arg1	engineering					155:165	neural tissue engineering	141:165	neural tissue engineering	141:165	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	14	24	theme	additional	2070:2079	arg1	factors					2091:2097	additional molecular factors	2070:2097	additional molecular factors	2070:2097	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	11	25	theme	±0.72	1511:1515	arg1	%					1510:1510	%	1510:1510	%	1510:1510	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	7	26	theme	flow-cytometry	989:1002	arg1	assay					1004:1008	flow-cytometry assay	989:1008	flow-cytometry assay	989:1008	The tolerance of SCs to the magnetic fields was tested by flow-cytometry assay.
25565803	2	27	dep	viability	337:345	arg1	the					333:335	the	333:335	the	333:335	Therefore, it is important to explore an approach to enhance the viability and biological properties of SCs.
25565803	13	28	theme	protein	1845:1851	arg1	secretion					1853:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	9	29	theme	Messenger	1140:1148	arg1	acid					1162:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid	1140:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs	1140:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	3	30	theme	present	388:394	arg1	study					396:400	the present study	384:400	the present study	384:400	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	14	31	theme	tissue-engineering	2023:2040	arg1	grafts					2042:2047	tissue-engineering grafts	2023:2047	tissue-engineering grafts	2023:2047	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	11	32	theme	µm	1489:1490	arg1	magnetization					1523:1535	magnetization	1523:1535	magnetization of 5.691 emu/g	1523:1550	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	32	theme	µm	1489:1490	arg1	diameter					1466:1473	a cross-section diameter	1450:1473	a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm	1450:1490	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	32	theme	µm	1489:1490	arg1	porosity					1493:1500	porosity	1493:1500	porosity of 80.41%±0.72%	1493:1516	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	0	33	theme	Schwann	14:20	arg1	cells					22:26	Schwann cells	14:26	Schwann cells	14:26	Activation of Schwann cells in vitro by magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic field.
25565803	8	34	theme	Live/Dead	1123:1131	arg1	assay					1133:1137	a Live/Dead assay	1121:1137	a Live/Dead assay	1121:1137	The proliferation of cells was examined by a 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling assay, a PrestoBlue assay, and a Live/Dead assay.
25565803	9	35	theme	BDNF	1170:1173	arg1	acid					1162:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid	1140:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs	1140:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	12	36	theme	cell	1619:1622	arg1	adhesion					1624:1631	cell adhesion	1619:1631	cell adhesion	1619:1631	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	14	37	theme	SCs	2016:2018	arg1	viability					1977:1985	viability	1977:1985	viability	1977:1985	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	14	37	theme	SCs	2016:2018	arg1	properties					2002:2011	biological properties	1991:2011	biological properties	1991:2011	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	10	38	theme	VEGF	1305:1308	arg1	BDNF					1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	38	theme	VEGF	1305:1308	arg1	amount					1273:1278	The amount	1269:1278	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs	1269:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	38	theme	VEGF	1305:1308	arg1	NT-3					1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	38	theme	VEGF	1305:1308	arg1	VEGF					1305:1308	VEGF	1305:1308	VEGF secreted from SCs	1305:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	38	theme	VEGF	1305:1308	arg1	GDNF					1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	3	39	theme	magnetic	405:412	arg1	composite					414:422	a magnetic composite	403:422	a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer	403:538	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	14	40	theme	grafts	2140:2145	arg1	development					2115:2125	the development	2111:2125	the development of new nerve grafts	2111:2145	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	9	41	theme	GDNF	1176:1179	arg1	acid					1162:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid	1140:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs	1140:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	3	42	theme	magnetic	456:463	arg1	MNPs					480:483	MNPs	480:483	MNPs	480:483	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	3	42	theme	magnetic	456:463	arg1	nanoparticles					465:477	magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles	432:477	magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)	432:484	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	6	43	theme	Fourier-transform	881:897	arg1	infrared					899:906	Fourier-transform infrared	881:906	Fourier-transform infrared	881:906	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction.
25565803	1	44	with	activities	226:235	arg1	aging					265:269	aging	265:269	aging	265:269	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	9	45	theme	NT-3	1182:1185	arg1	acid					1162:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid	1140:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs	1140:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	7	46	theme	magnetic	959:966	arg1	fields					968:973	the magnetic fields	955:973	the magnetic fields	955:973	The tolerance of SCs to the magnetic fields was tested by flow-cytometry assay.
25565803	14	47	from	properties	2002:2011	arg1	grafts					2042:2047	tissue-engineering grafts	2023:2047	tissue-engineering grafts	2023:2047	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	13	48	theme	MNP	1775:1777	arg1	scaffold					1788:1795	the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1767:1795	the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1767:1795	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	10	49	theme	GDNF	1289:1292	arg1	BDNF					1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	49	theme	GDNF	1289:1292	arg1	amount					1273:1278	The amount	1269:1278	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs	1269:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	49	theme	GDNF	1289:1292	arg1	NT-3					1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	49	theme	GDNF	1289:1292	arg1	VEGF					1305:1308	VEGF	1305:1308	VEGF secreted from SCs	1305:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	49	theme	GDNF	1289:1292	arg1	GDNF					1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	1	50	theme	attenuated	204:213	arg1	activities					226:235	attenuated biological activities	204:235	attenuated biological activities	204:235	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	4	51	theme	such	605:608	arg1	fields					655:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	10	52	link	enzyme-linked	1346:1358	arg1	assay					1374:1378	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1346:1378	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1346:1378	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	5	53	theme	sample	779:784	arg1	magnetometer					786:797	a vibrating sample magnetometer	767:797	a vibrating sample magnetometer	767:797	The magnetization of the magnetic nanocomposite was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer.
25565803	10	54	theme	immunosorbent	1360:1372	arg1	assay					1374:1378	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1346:1378	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1346:1378	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	13	55	theme	BDNF	1866:1869	arg1	expression					1830:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	13	55	theme	BDNF	1866:1869	arg1	secretion					1853:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	11	56	theme	10	1434:1435	arg1	%					1436:1436	%	1436:1436	%	1436:1436	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	6	57	theme	compositional	804:816	arg1	characterization					818:833	The compositional characterization	800:833	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite	800:863	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction.
25565803	6	58	theme	magnetic	842:849	arg1	nanocomposite					851:863	the magnetic nanocomposite	838:863	the magnetic nanocomposite	838:863	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction.
25565803	3	59	theme	chitosan-glycerophosphate	506:530	arg1	polymer					532:538	a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer	490:538	a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer	490:538	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	1	60	theme	impaired	241:248	arg1	functions					250:258	impaired functions	241:258	impaired functions with aging	241:269	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	13	61	theme	10	1771:1772	arg1	%					1773:1773	%	1773:1773	%	1773:1773	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	1	62	theme	neural	141:146	arg1	engineering					155:165	neural tissue engineering	141:165	neural tissue engineering	141:165	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	14	63	theme	new	2130:2132	arg1	grafts					2140:2145	new nerve grafts	2130:2145	new nerve grafts	2130:2145	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	14	64	theme	nerve	2134:2138	arg1	grafts					2140:2145	new nerve grafts	2130:2145	new nerve grafts	2130:2145	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	9	65	theme	real-time	1232:1240	arg1	reaction					1259:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	12	66	theme	magnetic	1574:1581	arg1	able					1603:1606	able	1603:1606	able	1603:1606	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	12	66	theme	magnetic	1574:1581	arg1	nanocomposites					1583:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites	1562:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites	1562:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	8	67	theme	5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling	1056:1088	arg1	assay					1090:1094	a 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling assay	1054:1094	a 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling assay	1054:1094	The proliferation of cells was examined by a 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling assay, a PrestoBlue assay, and a Live/Dead assay.
25565803	9	68	theme	polymerase	1242:1251	arg1	reaction					1259:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	9	69	theme	chain	1253:1257	arg1	reaction					1259:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction	1219:1266	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	14	70	dep	viability	1977:1985	arg1	the					1973:1975	the	1973:1975	the	1973:1975	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	4	71	theme	nanocomposites	619:632	arg1	fields					655:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	13	72	theme	GDNF	1872:1875	arg1	expression					1830:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	13	72	theme	GDNF	1872:1875	arg1	secretion					1853:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	4	73	theme	applied	638:644	arg1	fields					655:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	12	74	theme	%	1568:1568	arg1	able					1603:1606	able	1603:1606	able	1603:1606	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	12	74	theme	%	1568:1568	arg1	nanocomposites					1583:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites	1562:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites	1562:1596	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	13	75	theme	NT-3	1878:1881	arg1	expression					1830:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	13	75	theme	NT-3	1878:1881	arg1	secretion					1853:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	protein secretion	1845:1861	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	14	76	from	stage	1917:1921	arg1	understanding					1930:1942	our understanding	1926:1942	our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts	1926:2145	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	12	77	theme	SCs	1684:1686	arg1	proliferation					1667:1679	proliferation	1667:1679	proliferation of SCs	1667:1686	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	1	78	theme	attractive	116:125	arg1	cells					132:136	attractive seed cells	116:136	attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering	116:165	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	1	78	theme	attractive	116:125	arg1	cells					100:104	Schwann cells	92:104	Schwann cells (SCs)	92:110	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	12	79	theme	magnetic	1694:1701	arg1	exposure					1709:1716	magnetic field exposure	1694:1716	magnetic field exposure	1694:1716	The 10% MNP magnetic nanocomposites were able to support cell adhesion and spreading and further promote proliferation of SCs under magnetic field exposure.
25565803	4	80	theme	biological	680:689	arg1	activities					691:700	SC biological activities	677:700	SC biological activities	677:700	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	11	81	theme	%	1516:1516	arg1	magnetization					1523:1535	magnetization	1523:1535	magnetization of 5.691 emu/g	1523:1550	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	81	theme	%	1516:1516	arg1	diameter					1466:1473	a cross-section diameter	1450:1473	a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm	1450:1490	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	11	81	theme	%	1516:1516	arg1	porosity					1493:1500	porosity	1493:1500	porosity of 80.41%±0.72%	1493:1516	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	0	82	theme	magnetic	76:83	arg1	field					85:89	applied magnetic field	68:89	applied magnetic field	68:89	Activation of Schwann cells in vitro by magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic field.
25565803	14	83	theme	molecular	2081:2089	arg1	factors					2091:2097	additional molecular factors	2070:2097	additional molecular factors	2070:2097	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	10	84	theme	BDNF	1283:1286	arg1	BDNF					1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	84	theme	BDNF	1283:1286	arg1	amount					1273:1278	The amount	1269:1278	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs	1269:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	84	theme	BDNF	1283:1286	arg1	NT-3					1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	84	theme	BDNF	1283:1286	arg1	VEGF					1305:1308	VEGF	1305:1308	VEGF secreted from SCs	1305:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	84	theme	BDNF	1283:1286	arg1	GDNF					1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	5	85	theme	nanocomposite	737:749	arg1	magnetization					707:719	The magnetization	703:719	The magnetization of the magnetic nanocomposite	703:749	The magnetization of the magnetic nanocomposite was measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer.
25565803	8	86	theme	PrestoBlue	1099:1108	arg1	assay					1110:1114	a PrestoBlue assay	1097:1114	a PrestoBlue assay	1097:1114	The proliferation of cells was examined by a 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine-labeling assay, a PrestoBlue assay, and a Live/Dead assay.
25565803	10	87	theme	NT-3	1295:1298	arg1	BDNF					1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	BDNF	1283:1286	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	87	theme	NT-3	1295:1298	arg1	amount					1273:1278	The amount	1269:1278	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs	1269:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	87	theme	NT-3	1295:1298	arg1	NT-3					1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	NT-3	1295:1298	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	87	theme	NT-3	1295:1298	arg1	VEGF					1305:1308	VEGF	1305:1308	VEGF secreted from SCs	1305:1326	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	10	87	theme	NT-3	1295:1298	arg1	GDNF					1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	GDNF	1289:1292	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	9	88	theme	ribonucleic	1150:1160	arg1	acid					1162:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid	1140:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs	1140:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	0	89	theme	cells	22:26	arg1	Activation					0:9	Activation	0:9	Activation of Schwann cells in vitro by magnetic	0:47	Activation of Schwann cells in vitro by magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic field.
25565803	1	90	theme	Schwann	92:98	arg1	cells					132:136	attractive seed cells	116:136	attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering	116:165	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	1	90	theme	Schwann	92:98	arg1	SCs					107:109	SCs	107:109	SCs	107:109	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	1	90	theme	Schwann	92:98	arg1	cells					100:104	Schwann cells	92:104	Schwann cells (SCs)	92:110	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	13	91	theme	gene	1825:1828	arg1	expression					1830:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	gene expression	1825:1839	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	11	92	theme	cross-section	1452:1464	arg1	diameter					1466:1473	a cross-section diameter	1450:1473	a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm	1450:1490	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	6	93	theme	X-ray	912:916	arg1	diffraction					918:928	X-ray diffraction	912:928	X-ray diffraction	912:928	The compositional characterization of the magnetic nanocomposite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray diffraction.
25565803	10	94	theme	enzyme-linked	1346:1358	arg1	assay					1374:1378	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1346:1378	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	1346:1378	The amount of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF secreted from SCs was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
25565803	2	95	theme	SCs	376:378	arg1	properties					362:371	biological properties	351:371	biological properties	351:371	Therefore, it is important to explore an approach to enhance the viability and biological properties of SCs.
25565803	2	95	theme	SCs	376:378	arg1	viability					337:345	viability	337:345	viability	337:345	Therefore, it is important to explore an approach to enhance the viability and biological properties of SCs.
25565803	13	96	theme	magnetic	1779:1786	arg1	scaffold					1788:1795	the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1767:1795	the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold	1767:1795	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	14	97	theme	first	1911:1915	arg1	work					1899:1902	This work	1894:1902	This work	1894:1902	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	14	97	theme	first	1911:1915	arg1	stage					1917:1921	the first stage	1907:1921	the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts	1907:2145	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	1	98	with	functions	250:258	arg1	aging					265:269	aging	265:269	aging	265:269	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
25565803	14	99	theme	biological	1991:2000	arg1	properties					2002:2011	biological properties	1991:2011	biological properties	1991:2011	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	9	100	from	acid	1162:1165	arg1	SCs					1200:1202	SCs	1200:1202	SCs	1200:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	14	101	from	viability	1977:1985	arg1	grafts					2042:2047	tissue-engineering grafts	2023:2047	tissue-engineering grafts	2023:2047	This work is the first stage in our understanding of how to precisely regulate the viability and biological properties of SCs in tissue-engineering grafts, which combined with additional molecular factors may lead to the development of new nerve grafts.
25565803	3	102	theme	responsive	445:454	arg1	MNPs					480:483	MNPs	480:483	MNPs	480:483	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	3	102	theme	responsive	445:454	arg1	nanoparticles					465:477	magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles	432:477	magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)	432:484	In the present study, a magnetic composite made of magnetically responsive magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a biodegradable chitosan-glycerophosphate polymer were prepared and characterized.
25565803	7	103	theme	SCs	948:950	arg1	tolerance					935:943	The tolerance	931:943	The tolerance of SCs to the magnetic fields	931:973	The tolerance of SCs to the magnetic fields was tested by flow-cytometry assay.
25565803	13	104	dep	expression	1830:1839	arg1	the					1821:1823	the	1821:1823	the	1821:1823	Interestingly, a magnetic field applied through the 10% MNP magnetic scaffold significantly increased the gene expression and protein secretion of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF.
25565803	4	105	theme	magnetic	610:617	arg1	fields					655:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields	605:660	It was further explored whether such magnetic nanocomposites via applied magnetic fields would regulate SC biological activities.
25565803	11	106	theme	magnetic	1399:1406	arg1	nanocomposites					1408:1421	magnetic nanocomposites	1399:1421	magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs	1399:1441	It was found that magnetic nanocomposites containing 10% MNPs showed a cross-section diameter of 32.33±1.81 µm, porosity of 80.41%±0.72%, and magnetization of 5.691 emu/g at 8 kOe.
25565803	9	107	theme	VEGF	1192:1195	arg1	acid					1162:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid	1140:1165	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs	1140:1202	Messenger ribonucleic acid of BDNF, GDNF, NT-3, and VEGF in SCs was assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
25565803	1	108	theme	biological	215:224	arg1	activities					226:235	attenuated biological activities	204:235	attenuated biological activities	204:235	Schwann cells (SCs) are attractive seed cells in neural tissue engineering, but their application is limited by attenuated biological activities and impaired functions with aging.
29093022	5	0	theme	zebrafish	790:798	arg1	models					800:805	both mammalian cell and zebrafish models	766:805	models	800:805	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	7	1	theme	Golgi	1038:1042	arg1	homeostasis					1044:1054	Golgi homeostasis	1038:1054	Golgi homeostasis	1038:1054	These data reveal a new feature of Golgi homeostasis: the ability to regulate glycosyltransferase expression to generate a functional proteoglycome.
29093022	3	2	theme	limited	497:503	arg1	effects					505:511	only limited effects	492:511	only limited effects on Golgi structure	492:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	0	3	theme	glycosyltransferase	74:92	arg1	expression					94:103	glycosyltransferase expression	74:103	glycosyltransferase expression	74:103	Giantin-knockout models reveal a feedback loop between Golgi function and glycosyltransferase expression.
29093022	6	4	theme	calcium	868:874	arg1	deposits					876:883	ectopic calcium deposits	860:883	ectopic calcium deposits	860:883	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	5	5	theme	GALNT3	756:761	arg1	function					744:751	function	744:751	function of GALNT3	744:761	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	3	6	from	effects	505:511	arg1	structure					522:530	Golgi structure	516:530	Golgi structure	516:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	5	7	from	loss	736:739	arg1	cell					781:784	both mammalian cell and zebrafish models	766:805	cell	781:784	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	5	7	from	loss	736:739	arg1	models					800:805	both mammalian cell and zebrafish models	766:805	models	800:805	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	6	8	from	mutations	982:990	arg1	GALNT3					995:1000	GALNT3	995:1000	GALNT3	995:1000	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	4	9	theme	glycan-processing	590:606	arg1	enzymes					608:614	glycan-processing enzymes	590:614	glycan-processing enzymes	590:614	Notably, 22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases, but not glycan-processing enzymes or the ER glycosylation machinery, are differentially expressed following giantin ablation.
29093022	1	10	theme	accurate	175:182	arg1	processing					184:193	accurate processing	175:193	accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids	175:254	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	5	11	theme	mammalian	771:779	arg1	cell					781:784	both mammalian cell and zebrafish models	766:805	cell	781:784	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	6	12	theme	calcinosis	950:959	arg1	phenotypes					901:910	phenotypes	901:910	phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3	901:1000	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	2	13	theme	cisternal	327:335	arg1	membranes					337:345	cisternal membranes	327:345	cisternal membranes	327:345	Its structure and organisation are dependent on golgins, which tether cisternal membranes and incoming transport vesicles.
29093022	0	14	theme	Giantin-knockout	0:15	arg1	models					17:22	Giantin-knockout models	0:22	Giantin-knockout models	0:22	Giantin-knockout models reveal a feedback loop between Golgi function and glycosyltransferase expression.
29093022	4	15	theme	Golgi-resident	545:558	arg1	glycosyltransferases					560:579	22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases	542:579	22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases	542:579	Notably, 22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases, but not glycan-processing enzymes or the ER glycosylation machinery, are differentially expressed following giantin ablation.
29093022	6	16	theme	Giantin-knockout	808:823	arg1	zebrafish					825:833	Giantin-knockout zebrafish	808:833	Giantin-knockout zebrafish	808:833	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	1	17	theme	complex	198:204	arg1	proteoglycans					206:218	complex proteoglycans	198:218	complex proteoglycans	198:218	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	7	18	theme	new	1023:1025	arg1	feature					1027:1033	a new feature	1021:1033	a new feature of Golgi homeostasis	1021:1054	These data reveal a new feature of Golgi homeostasis: the ability to regulate glycosyltransferase expression to generate a functional proteoglycome.
29093022	1	19	theme	proteoglycans	206:218	arg1	processing					184:193	accurate processing	175:193	accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids	175:254	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	6	20	theme	tumoral	942:948	arg1	calcinosis					950:959	hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis	915:959	hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis	915:959	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	6	20	theme	tumoral	942:948	arg1	disease					964:970	a disease	962:970	a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3	962:1000	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	3	21	theme	largest	415:421	arg1	giantin					431:437	giantin	431:437	giantin	431:437	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	3	21	theme	largest	415:421	arg1	golgin					423:428	the largest golgin	411:428	the largest golgin	411:428	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	2	22	theme	incoming	351:358	arg1	vesicles					370:377	incoming transport vesicles	351:377	incoming transport vesicles	351:377	Its structure and organisation are dependent on golgins, which tether cisternal membranes and incoming transport vesicles.
29093022	5	23	theme	function	744:751	arg1	loss					736:739	near-complete loss	722:739	near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models	722:805	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	6	24	theme	familial	933:940	arg1	calcinosis					950:959	hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis	915:959	hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis	915:959	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	6	24	theme	familial	933:940	arg1	disease					964:970	a disease	962:970	a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3	962:1000	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	4	25	theme	giantin	690:696	arg1	ablation					698:705	giantin ablation	690:705	giantin ablation	690:705	Notably, 22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases, but not glycan-processing enzymes or the ER glycosylation machinery, are differentially expressed following giantin ablation.
29093022	1	26	theme	receptors	221:229	arg1	processing					184:193	accurate processing	175:193	accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids	175:254	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	0	27	theme	feedback	33:40	arg1	loop					42:45	a feedback loop	31:45	a feedback loop between Golgi function and glycosyltransferase expression	31:103	Giantin-knockout models reveal a feedback loop between Golgi function and glycosyltransferase expression.
29093022	3	28	theme	golgin	423:428	arg1	knockout					399:406	knockout	399:406	knockout	399:406	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	6	29	theme	hyperphosphatemic	915:931	arg1	calcinosis					950:959	hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis	915:959	hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis	915:959	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	6	29	theme	hyperphosphatemic	915:931	arg1	disease					964:970	a disease	962:970	a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3	962:1000	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	4	30	theme	glycosylation	626:638	arg1	machinery					640:648	the ER glycosylation machinery	619:648	the ER glycosylation machinery	619:648	Notably, 22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases, but not glycan-processing enzymes or the ER glycosylation machinery, are differentially expressed following giantin ablation.
29093022	3	31	theme	substantial	449:459	arg1	changes					461:467	substantial changes	449:467	substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure	449:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	0	32	theme	Golgi	55:59	arg1	function					61:68	Golgi function	55:68	Golgi function	55:68	Giantin-knockout models reveal a feedback loop between Golgi function and glycosyltransferase expression.
29093022	2	33	theme	transport	360:368	arg1	vesicles					370:377	incoming transport vesicles	351:377	incoming transport vesicles	351:377	Its structure and organisation are dependent on golgins, which tether cisternal membranes and incoming transport vesicles.
29093022	7	34	theme	functional	1126:1135	arg1	proteoglycome					1137:1149	a functional proteoglycome	1124:1149	a functional proteoglycome	1124:1149	These data reveal a new feature of Golgi homeostasis: the ability to regulate glycosyltransferase expression to generate a functional proteoglycome.
29093022	3	35	from	changes	461:467	arg1	effects					505:511	only limited effects	492:511	only limited effects on Golgi structure	492:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	3	35	from	changes	461:467	arg1	structure					522:530	Golgi structure	516:530	Golgi structure	516:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	3	35	from	changes	461:467	arg1	expression					477:486	gene expression	472:486	gene expression	472:486	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	1	36	theme	cellular	123:130	arg1	hub					132:134	the cellular hub	119:134	the cellular hub for complex glycosylation	119:160	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	1	36	theme	cellular	123:130	arg1	Golgi					110:114	The Golgi	106:114	The Golgi	106:114	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	7	37	theme	glycosyltransferase	1081:1099	arg1	expression					1101:1110	glycosyltransferase expression	1081:1110	glycosyltransferase expression	1081:1110	These data reveal a new feature of Golgi homeostasis: the ability to regulate glycosyltransferase expression to generate a functional proteoglycome.
29093022	6	38	theme	ectopic	860:866	arg1	deposits					876:883	ectopic calcium deposits	860:883	ectopic calcium deposits	860:883	Giantin-knockout zebrafish exhibit hyperostosis and ectopic calcium deposits, recapitulating phenotypes of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, a disease caused by mutations in GALNT3.
29093022	3	39	theme	gene	472:475	arg1	expression					477:486	gene expression	472:486	gene expression	472:486	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	1	40	theme	ligands	232:238	arg1	processing					184:193	accurate processing	175:193	accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids	175:254	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	5	41	theme	near-complete	722:734	arg1	loss					736:739	near-complete loss	722:739	near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models	722:805	This includes near-complete loss of function of GALNT3 in both mammalian cell and zebrafish models.
29093022	7	42	theme	homeostasis	1044:1054	arg1	feature					1027:1033	a new feature	1021:1033	a new feature of Golgi homeostasis	1021:1054	These data reveal a new feature of Golgi homeostasis: the ability to regulate glycosyltransferase expression to generate a functional proteoglycome.
29093022	1	43	theme	complex	140:146	arg1	glycosylation					148:160	complex glycosylation	140:160	complex glycosylation	140:160	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	1	44	theme	glycolipids	244:254	arg1	processing					184:193	accurate processing	175:193	accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids	175:254	The Golgi is the cellular hub for complex glycosylation, controlling accurate processing of complex proteoglycans, receptors, ligands and glycolipids.
29093022	3	45	theme	Golgi	516:520	arg1	structure					522:530	Golgi structure	516:530	Golgi structure	516:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	3	46	from	structure	522:530	arg1	changes					461:467	substantial changes	449:467	substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure	449:530	Here, we show that knockout of the largest golgin, giantin, leads to substantial changes in gene expression but only limited effects on Golgi structure.
29093022	4	47	theme	ER	623:624	arg1	machinery					640:648	the ER glycosylation machinery	619:648	the ER glycosylation machinery	619:648	Notably, 22 Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases, but not glycan-processing enzymes or the ER glycosylation machinery, are differentially expressed following giantin ablation.
28677589	11	0	theme	dental	1536:1541	arg1	surgeries					1543:1551	specific non-invasive dental surgeries	1514:1551	specific non-invasive dental surgeries	1514:1551	Therefore, it can be directly applied in specific non-invasive dental surgeries.
28677589	7	1	theme	cementum	1107:1114	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	1	theme	cementum	1107:1114	arg1	thickness					1160:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	1	theme	cementum	1107:1114	arg1	resorption					1137:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	1	theme	cementum	1107:1114	arg1	intensity					1175:1183	the intensity	1171:1183	the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair	1171:1227	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	1	2	theme	particle	323:330	arg1	migration					332:340	the reduced particle migration	311:340	the reduced particle migration	311:340	Using phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels presents an interesting approach, especially concerning the reduced particle migration and enhanced biocompatibility.
28677589	0	3	theme	experimental	89:100	arg1	animals					102:108	experimental animals	89:108	experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	89:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	8	4	theme	hydrogel	1290:1297	arg1	safety					1266:1271	the safety	1262:1271	the safety of the developed hydrogel	1262:1297	The cytotoxicity results proved the safety of the developed hydrogel.
28677589	2	5	theme	hydrogel	553:560	arg1	development					433:443	the development	429:443	the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment	429:624	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	0	6	theme	thermo-responsive	120:136	arg1	hydrogel					175:182	thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	120:182	thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	120:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	0	7	from	Regeneration	0:11	arg1	animals					102:108	experimental animals	89:108	experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	89:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	9	8	theme	thermo-sensitive	1304:1319	arg1	hydrogel					1321:1328	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel	1300:1328	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel	1300:1328	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel possessed comparable enhanced biocompatibility with anti-inflammatory activity.
28677589	2	9	theme	current	377:383	arg1	work					385:388	The current work	373:388	The current work	373:388	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	10	10	theme	bone	1414:1417	arg1	formation					1419:1427	New bone formation	1410:1427	New bone formation	1410:1427	New bone formation was clearly enhanced in the infected teeth.
28677589	7	11	theme	osseous	1214:1220	arg1	repair					1222:1227	osseous repair	1214:1227	osseous repair	1214:1227	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	6	12	theme	Radiographic	977:988	arg1	examinations					990:1001	Radiographic examinations	977:1001	Radiographic examinations	977:1001	Radiographic examinations were performed.
28677589	10	13	theme	infected	1457:1464	arg1	teeth					1466:1470	the infected teeth	1453:1470	the infected teeth	1453:1470	New bone formation was clearly enhanced in the infected teeth.
28677589	1	14	theme	enhanced	346:353	arg1	biocompatibility					355:370	enhanced biocompatibility	346:370	enhanced biocompatibility	346:370	Using phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels presents an interesting approach, especially concerning the reduced particle migration and enhanced biocompatibility.
28677589	0	15	theme	phosphate/chitosan	156:173	arg1	hydrogel					175:182	thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	120:182	thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	120:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	4	16	theme	achieved	780:787	arg1	hydrogel					805:812	the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	776:812	the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	776:812	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel was followed.
28677589	5	17	theme	available	911:919	arg1	Klipdent-PL®					944:955	the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL®	894:955	the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months	894:974	The composite gels were tested in vivo in dogs in comparison with the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months.
28677589	2	18	theme	β-TCP	496:500	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	1	19	theme	phosphate	211:219	arg1	hydrogels					245:253	phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels	211:253	phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels	211:253	Using phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels presents an interesting approach, especially concerning the reduced particle migration and enhanced biocompatibility.
28677589	0	20	theme	nano-β-tricalcium	138:154	arg1	hydrogel					175:182	thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	120:182	thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	120:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	7	21	theme	repair	1222:1227	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	21	theme	repair	1222:1227	arg1	intensity					1175:1183	the intensity	1171:1183	the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair	1171:1227	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	9	22	theme	comparable	1340:1349	arg1	biocompatibility					1360:1375	comparable enhanced biocompatibility	1340:1375	comparable enhanced biocompatibility	1340:1375	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel possessed comparable enhanced biocompatibility with anti-inflammatory activity.
28677589	1	23	theme	nanoparticles/polymeric	221:243	arg1	hydrogels					245:253	phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels	211:253	phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels	211:253	Using phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels presents an interesting approach, especially concerning the reduced particle migration and enhanced biocompatibility.
28677589	7	24	theme	PDL	1156:1158	arg1	thickness					1160:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	24	theme	PDL	1156:1158	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	2	25	theme	/glyoxal	538:545	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	7	26	theme	reaction	1201:1208	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	26	theme	reaction	1201:1208	arg1	intensity					1175:1183	the intensity	1171:1183	the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair	1171:1227	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	9	27	theme	enhanced	1351:1358	arg1	biocompatibility					1360:1375	comparable enhanced biocompatibility	1340:1375	comparable enhanced biocompatibility	1340:1375	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel possessed comparable enhanced biocompatibility with anti-inflammatory activity.
28677589	2	28	theme	thermo-sensitive	450:465	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	2	29	theme	Cs	513:514	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	4	30	theme	β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly	789:803	arg1	hydrogel					805:812	the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	776:812	the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	776:812	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel was followed.
28677589	5	31	theme	applied	936:942	arg1	Klipdent-PL®					944:955	the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL®	894:955	the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months	894:974	The composite gels were tested in vivo in dogs in comparison with the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months.
28677589	3	32	theme	Physicochemical	627:641	arg1	characterization					643:658	Physicochemical characterization	627:658	Physicochemical characterization using x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, TEM and SEM	627:730	Physicochemical characterization using x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, TEM and SEM was performed.
28677589	0	33	theme	lesions	27:33	arg1	Regeneration					0:11	Regeneration	0:11	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.	0:203	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	7	34	theme	Histological	1019:1030	arg1	evaluations					1032:1042	Histological evaluations	1019:1042	Histological evaluations	1019:1042	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	35	theme	histomorphological	1066:1083	arg1	criteria					1085:1092	histomorphological criteria	1066:1092	histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair	1066:1227	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	0	36	theme	periapical	16:25	arg1	lesions					27:33	periapical lesions	16:33	periapical lesions	16:33	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	7	37	theme	inflammatory	1188:1199	arg1	reaction					1201:1208	inflammatory reaction	1188:1208	inflammatory reaction	1188:1208	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	0	38	from	animals	102:108	arg1	Regeneration					0:11	Regeneration	0:11	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.	0:203	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	5	39	with	comparison	878:887	arg1	Klipdent-PL®					944:955	the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL®	894:955	the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months	894:974	The composite gels were tested in vivo in dogs in comparison with the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months.
28677589	1	40	theme	interesting	267:277	arg1	approach					279:286	an interesting approach	264:286	an interesting approach	264:286	Using phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels presents an interesting approach, especially concerning the reduced particle migration and enhanced biocompatibility.
28677589	11	41	theme	specific	1514:1521	arg1	surgeries					1543:1551	specific non-invasive dental surgeries	1514:1551	specific non-invasive dental surgeries	1514:1551	Therefore, it can be directly applied in specific non-invasive dental surgeries.
28677589	2	42	theme	periapical	579:588	arg1	surgeries					590:598	periapical surgeries	579:598	periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment	579:624	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	3	43	theme	x-ray	666:670	arg1	diffraction					679:689	x-ray powder diffraction	666:689	x-ray powder diffraction	666:689	Physicochemical characterization using x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, TEM and SEM was performed.
28677589	3	44	dep	Fourier	692:698	arg1	transform					700:708	transform	700:708	transform infrared	700:717	Physicochemical characterization using x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, TEM and SEM was performed.
28677589	0	45	theme	post-endodontic	35:49	arg1	treatment					51:59	post-endodontic treatment	35:59	post-endodontic treatment	35:59	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	2	46	theme	Gl	535:536	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	3	47	theme	powder	672:677	arg1	diffraction					679:689	x-ray powder diffraction	666:689	x-ray powder diffraction	666:689	Physicochemical characterization using x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, TEM and SEM was performed.
28677589	2	48	theme	phosphate	485:493	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	0	49	theme	periapical	65:74	arg1	surgeries					76:84	periapical surgeries	65:84	periapical surgeries	65:84	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	8	50	theme	developed	1280:1288	arg1	hydrogel					1290:1297	the developed hydrogel	1276:1297	the developed hydrogel	1276:1297	The cytotoxicity results proved the safety of the developed hydrogel.
28677589	0	51	theme	concept	196:202	arg1	proof					187:191	a proof	185:191	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.	0:203	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	0	52	from	surgeries	76:84	arg1	animals					102:108	experimental animals	89:108	experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	89:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	2	53	theme	concept	417:423	arg1	proof					408:412	a proof	406:412	a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment	406:624	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	2	54	theme	/glycerophosphate	516:532	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	2	55	theme	β-tricalcium	472:483	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	7	56	theme	bone	1125:1128	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	56	theme	bone	1125:1128	arg1	resorption					1137:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	10	57	theme	New	1410:1412	arg1	formation					1419:1427	New bone formation	1410:1427	New bone formation	1410:1427	New bone formation was clearly enhanced in the infected teeth.
28677589	7	58	theme	apical	1149:1154	arg1	thickness					1160:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	58	theme	apical	1149:1154	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	0	59	dep	lesions	27:33	arg1	treatment					51:59	post-endodontic treatment	35:59	post-endodontic treatment	35:59	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	7	60	theme	tissue	1130:1135	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	60	theme	tissue	1130:1135	arg1	resorption					1137:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	4	61	theme	hydrogel	805:812	arg1	efficiency					762:771	Bone formation efficiency	747:771	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	747:812	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel was followed.
28677589	9	62	contain	possessed	1330:1338	arg1	hydrogel					1321:1328	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel	1300:1328	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel	1300:1328	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel possessed comparable enhanced biocompatibility with anti-inflammatory activity.
28677589	9	62	contain	possessed	1330:1338	arg2	biocompatibility					1360:1375	comparable enhanced biocompatibility	1340:1375	comparable enhanced biocompatibility	1340:1375	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel possessed comparable enhanced biocompatibility with anti-inflammatory activity.
28677589	2	63	theme	endodontic	605:614	arg1	treatment					616:624	endodontic treatment	605:624	endodontic treatment	605:624	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	11	64	theme	non-invasive	1523:1534	arg1	surgeries					1543:1551	specific non-invasive dental surgeries	1514:1551	specific non-invasive dental surgeries	1514:1551	Therefore, it can be directly applied in specific non-invasive dental surgeries.
28677589	2	65	theme	Gly	548:550	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	5	66	theme	composite	832:840	arg1	gels					842:845	The composite gels	828:845	The composite gels	828:845	The composite gels were tested in vivo in dogs in comparison with the commercially available and surgically applied Klipdent-PL® up to three months.
28677589	3	67	dep	transform	700:708	arg1	infrared					710:717	infrared	710:717	transform infrared	700:717	Physicochemical characterization using x-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, TEM and SEM was performed.
28677589	9	68	theme	anti-inflammatory	1382:1398	arg1	activity					1400:1407	anti-inflammatory activity	1382:1407	anti-inflammatory activity	1382:1407	The thermo-sensitive hydrogel possessed comparable enhanced biocompatibility with anti-inflammatory activity.
28677589	2	69	theme	/chitosan	502:510	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	4	70	theme	formation	752:760	arg1	efficiency					762:771	Bone formation efficiency	747:771	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	747:812	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel was followed.
28677589	2	71	theme	nano	467:470	arg1	hydrogel					553:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel	448:560	The current work aims to achieve a proof of concept for the development of a thermo-sensitive nano β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/chitosan (Cs)/glycerophosphate (Gl)/glyoxal (Gly) hydrogel to be applied in periapical surgeries post endodontic treatment.
28677589	0	72	theme	surgeries	76:84	arg1	Regeneration					0:11	Regeneration	0:11	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.	0:203	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	0	73	from	lesions	27:33	arg1	animals					102:108	experimental animals	89:108	experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel	89:182	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	0	74	dep	Regeneration	0:11	arg1	proof					187:191	a proof	185:191	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.	0:203	Regeneration of periapical lesions post-endodontic treatment and periapical surgeries in experimental animals utilizing thermo-responsive nano-β-tricalcium phosphate/chitosan hydrogel: a proof of concept.
28677589	7	75	theme	apical	1100:1105	arg1	surface					1116:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	apical cementum surface	1100:1122	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	75	theme	apical	1100:1105	arg1	thickness					1160:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	apical PDL thickness	1149:1168	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	75	theme	apical	1100:1105	arg1	resorption					1137:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	bone tissue resorption	1125:1146	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	7	75	theme	apical	1100:1105	arg1	intensity					1175:1183	the intensity	1171:1183	the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair	1171:1227	Histological evaluations were achieved through histomorphological criteria being apical cementum surface, bone tissue resorption, apical PDL thickness, the intensity of inflammatory reaction and osseous repair.
28677589	4	76	theme	Bone	747:750	arg1	efficiency					762:771	Bone formation efficiency	747:771	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel	747:812	Bone formation efficiency of the achieved β-TCP/Cs/Gl/Gly hydrogel was followed.
28677589	8	77	theme	cytotoxicity	1234:1245	arg1	results					1247:1253	The cytotoxicity results	1230:1253	The cytotoxicity results	1230:1253	The cytotoxicity results proved the safety of the developed hydrogel.
28677589	1	78	theme	reduced	315:321	arg1	migration					332:340	the reduced particle migration	311:340	the reduced particle migration	311:340	Using phosphate nanoparticles/polymeric hydrogels presents an interesting approach, especially concerning the reduced particle migration and enhanced biocompatibility.
28000759	6	0	theme	hydrogen	1060:1067	arg1	bond					1069:1072	hydrogen bond	1060:1072	hydrogen bond	1060:1072	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	1	1	theme	calcined-Mg/Al	158:171	arg1	composite					199:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite	158:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC)	158:218	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	1	1	theme	calcined-Mg/Al	158:171	arg1	CLDHs/BC					210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	0	2	theme	antibiotic	83:92	arg1	removal					94:100	antibiotic removal	83:100	antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste	83:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	7	3	theme	material	1166:1173	arg1	preparation					1134:1144	the preparation	1130:1144	the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way	1130:1247	This study provides a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way.
28000759	2	4	theme	layered	377:383	arg1	CLDHs					404:408	CLDHs	404:408	CLDHs	404:408	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	2	4	theme	layered	377:383	arg1	hydroxides					392:401	the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides	358:401	the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs)	358:409	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	6	5	theme	π-π	1040:1042	arg1	interaction					1044:1054	π-π interaction	1040:1054	π-π interaction	1040:1054	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	0	6	theme	slow	105:108	arg1	pyrolysis					110:118	slow pyrolysis	105:118	slow pyrolysis of biomass waste	105:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	7	7	theme	high-performance	1149:1164	arg1	material					1166:1173	high-performance material	1149:1173	high-performance material	1149:1173	This study provides a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way.
28000759	2	8	theme	Multiple	299:306	arg1	characterizations					308:324	Multiple characterizations	299:324	Multiple characterizations of the product	299:339	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	1	9	theme	LDHs	267:270	arg1	pyrolysis					254:262	a one-pot slow pyrolysis	239:262	a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass	239:296	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	4	10	theme	tested	790:795	arg1	range					800:804	the tested pH range	786:804	the tested pH range	786:804	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	2	11	theme	double	385:390	arg1	CLDHs					404:408	CLDHs	404:408	CLDHs	404:408	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	2	11	theme	double	385:390	arg1	hydroxides					392:401	the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides	358:401	the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs)	358:409	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	4	12	theme	adsorption	645:654	arg1	ability					656:662	the adsorption ability	641:662	the adsorption ability of biochar	641:673	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	6	13	from	interaction	939:949	arg1	biochar					964:970	biochar	964:970	biochar	964:970	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	4	14	theme	pristine	761:768	arg1	BC					779:780	BC	779:780	BC	779:780	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	4	14	theme	pristine	761:768	arg1	biochar					770:776	the pristine biochar	757:776	the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range	757:804	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	3	15	theme	aqueous	577:583	arg1	solutions					585:593	aqueous solutions	577:593	aqueous solutions	577:593	The as-synthesized CLDHs/BC could efficiently remove antibiotic tetracycline from aqueous solutions.
28000759	1	16	theme	double	181:186	arg1	composite					199:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite	158:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC)	158:218	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	1	16	theme	double	181:186	arg1	CLDHs/BC					210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	2	17	theme	pre-treated	474:484	arg1	biomass					486:492	pre-treated biomass	474:492	pre-treated biomass	474:492	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	4	18	dep	capacity	735:742	arg1	times					711:715	times	711:715	times	711:715	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	1	19	theme	hydroxides	188:197	arg1	composite					199:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite	158:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC)	158:218	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	1	19	theme	hydroxides	188:197	arg1	CLDHs/BC					210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	2	20	theme	product	333:339	arg1	characterizations					308:324	Multiple characterizations	299:324	Multiple characterizations of the product	299:339	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	4	21	theme	adsorption	724:733	arg1	capacity					735:742	more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity	699:742	more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity	699:742	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	0	22	theme	One-pot	0:6	arg1	synthesis					8:16	One-pot synthesis	0:16	One-pot synthesis of carbon	0:26	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	1	23	theme	bagasse	282:288	arg1	biomass					290:296	bagasse biomass	282:296	bagasse biomass	282:296	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	0	24	theme	carbon	21:26	arg1	synthesis					8:16	One-pot synthesis	0:16	One-pot synthesis of carbon	0:26	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	5	25	theme	CLDHs/BC	842:849	arg1	capacity					830:837	The maximum adsorption capacity	807:837	The maximum adsorption capacity of CLDHs/BC for tetracycline	807:866	The maximum adsorption capacity of CLDHs/BC for tetracycline was 1118.12 mg/g at 318 K.
28000759	0	26	theme	waste	131:135	arg1	pyrolysis					110:118	slow pyrolysis	105:118	slow pyrolysis of biomass waste	105:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	5	27	theme	adsorption	819:828	arg1	capacity					830:837	The maximum adsorption capacity	807:837	The maximum adsorption capacity of CLDHs/BC for tetracycline	807:866	The maximum adsorption capacity of CLDHs/BC for tetracycline was 1118.12 mg/g at 318 K.
28000759	7	28	theme	cost-effective	1230:1243	arg1	way					1245:1247	a cost-effective way	1228:1247	a cost-effective way	1228:1247	This study provides a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way.
28000759	6	29	theme	tetracycline	998:1009	arg1	adsorption					1011:1020	tetracycline adsorption	998:1020	tetracycline adsorption	998:1020	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	0	30	theme	biomass	123:129	arg1	waste					131:135	biomass waste	123:135	biomass waste	123:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	1	31	theme	layered	173:179	arg1	composite					199:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite	158:207	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC)	158:218	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	1	31	theme	layered	173:179	arg1	CLDHs/BC					210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	CLDHs/BC	210:217	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	0	32	theme	calcined-Mg/Al	38:51	arg1	hydroxides					68:77	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides	38:77	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste	38:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	4	33	theme	CLDHs	611:615	arg1	coating					600:606	The coating	596:606	The coating of CLDHs	596:615	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	7	34	theme	feasible	1097:1104	arg1	approach					1117:1124	a feasible and simple approach	1095:1124	a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way	1095:1247	This study provides a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way.
28000759	6	35	theme	experimental	899:910	arg1	results					912:918	The experimental results	895:918	The experimental results	895:918	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	5	36	theme	maximum	811:817	arg1	capacity					830:837	The maximum adsorption capacity	807:837	The maximum adsorption capacity of CLDHs/BC for tetracycline	807:866	The maximum adsorption capacity of CLDHs/BC for tetracycline was 1118.12 mg/g at 318 K.
28000759	2	37	theme	slow	456:459	arg1	pyrolysis					461:469	slow pyrolysis	456:469	slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass	456:492	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	2	38	theme	biomass	486:492	arg1	pyrolysis					461:469	slow pyrolysis	456:469	slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass	456:492	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	6	39	theme	dominant	981:988	arg1	role					990:993	a dominant role	979:993	a dominant role	979:993	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	2	40	theme	calcined-Mg/Al	362:375	arg1	CLDHs					404:408	CLDHs	404:408	CLDHs	404:408	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	2	40	theme	calcined-Mg/Al	362:375	arg1	hydroxides					392:401	the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides	358:401	the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs)	358:409	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	0	41	theme	layered	53:59	arg1	hydroxides					68:77	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides	38:77	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste	38:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	7	42	theme	simple	1110:1115	arg1	approach					1117:1124	a feasible and simple approach	1095:1124	a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way	1095:1247	This study provides a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way.
28000759	3	43	theme	antibiotic	548:557	arg1	tetracycline					559:570	antibiotic tetracycline	548:570	antibiotic tetracycline	548:570	The as-synthesized CLDHs/BC could efficiently remove antibiotic tetracycline from aqueous solutions.
28000759	7	44	theme	wastewater	1204:1213	arg1	treatment					1215:1223	wastewater treatment	1204:1223	wastewater treatment	1204:1223	This study provides a feasible and simple approach for the preparation of high-performance material for antibiotics contaminated wastewater treatment in a cost-effective way.
28000759	3	45	theme	as-synthesized	499:512	arg1	CLDHs/BC					514:521	The as-synthesized CLDHs/BC	495:521	The as-synthesized CLDHs/BC	495:521	The as-synthesized CLDHs/BC could efficiently remove antibiotic tetracycline from aqueous solutions.
28000759	4	46	from	biochar	770:776	arg1	range					800:804	the tested pH range	786:804	the tested pH range	786:804	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	4	47	theme	biochar	667:673	arg1	ability					656:662	the adsorption ability	641:662	the adsorption ability of biochar	641:673	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	4	48	theme	pH	797:798	arg1	range					800:804	the tested pH range	786:804	the tested pH range	786:804	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	6	49	with	interaction	939:949	arg1	LDHs					956:959	LDHs	956:959	LDHs	956:959	The experimental results suggested that the interaction with LDHs on biochar played a dominant role in tetracycline adsorption, accompanied with π-π interaction and hydrogen bond.
28000759	4	50	dep	times	711:715	arg1	higher					717:722	higher	717:722	higher	717:722	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	4	51	theme	2	709:709	arg1	times					711:715	times	711:715	times	711:715	The coating of CLDHs significantly increased the adsorption ability of biochar, and CLDHs/BC exhibited more than 2 times higher adsorption capacity than that of the pristine biochar (BC) in the tested pH range.
28000759	1	52	theme	one-pot	241:247	arg1	pyrolysis					254:262	a one-pot slow pyrolysis	239:262	a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass	239:296	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
28000759	0	53	theme	double	61:66	arg1	hydroxides					68:77	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides	38:77	calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste	38:135	One-pot synthesis of carbon supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides for antibiotic removal by slow pyrolysis of biomass waste.
28000759	2	54	from	biochar	445:451	arg1	pyrolysis					461:469	slow pyrolysis	456:469	slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass	456:492	Multiple characterizations of the product illustrated that the calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDHs) were successfully coated onto the biochar in slow pyrolysis of pre-treated biomass.
28000759	1	55	theme	slow	249:252	arg1	pyrolysis					254:262	a one-pot slow pyrolysis	239:262	a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass	239:296	A biochar supported calcined-Mg/Al layered double hydroxides composite (CLDHs/BC) was synthesized by a one-pot slow pyrolysis of LDHs preloaded bagasse biomass.
26692456	7	0	theme	in	1421:1422	arg1	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	0	theme	in	1421:1422	arg1	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	1	1	theme	tumor	261:265	arg1	release					285:291	tumor necrosis factor-α release	261:291	tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	261:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	7	2	theme	antitumor	1430:1438	arg1	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	2	theme	antitumor	1430:1438	arg1	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	3	3	theme	50	733:734	arg1	%					735:735	%	735:735	%	735:735	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	5	4	with	association	961:971	arg1	activity					1096:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1064:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions	1064:1133	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	6	5	theme	factor-α	1196:1203	arg1	release					1205:1211	tumor necrosis factor-α release	1181:1211	tumor necrosis factor-α release	1181:1211	None of the compounds tested alone abolished tumor necrosis factor-α release completely, however, some extracts and fractions reached this result, suggesting a synergistic effect between the constituents.
26692456	1	6	theme	necrosis	267:274	arg1	release					285:291	tumor necrosis factor-α release	261:291	tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	261:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	3	7	theme	%	735:735	arg1	EtOH					737:740	50% EtOH	733:740	50% EtOH	733:740	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	5	8	theme	trans-aconitic	1024:1037	arg1	acids					1053:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	7	9	theme	promising	1470:1478	arg1	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	9	theme	promising	1470:1478	arg1	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	1	10	theme	factor-α	276:283	arg1	release					285:291	tumor necrosis factor-α release	261:291	tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	261:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	0	11	theme	Phytochemical	111:123	arg1	Composition					125:135	Their Phytochemical Composition	105:135	Their Phytochemical Composition	105:135	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Composition.
26692456	7	12	theme	new	1550:1552	arg1	agents					1572:1577	new anti-inflammatory agents	1550:1577	new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1550:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	13	dep	in	1421:1422	arg1	vitro					1424:1428	vitro	1424:1428	vitro	1424:1428	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	5	14	theme	Polynomial	919:928	arg1	analysis					941:948	Polynomial regression analysis	919:948	Polynomial regression analysis	919:948	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	7	15	from	plants	1584:1589	arg1	agents					1572:1577	new anti-inflammatory agents	1550:1577	new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1550:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	4	16	from	compounds	887:895	arg1	preparations					905:916	some preparations	900:916	some preparations	900:916	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	4	17	theme	major	881:885	arg1	isoorientin					860:870	isoorientin	860:870	isoorientin	860:870	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	4	17	theme	major	881:885	arg1	acid					851:854	trans-Aconitic acid	836:854	trans-Aconitic acid	836:854	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	4	17	theme	major	881:885	arg1	compounds					887:895	the major compounds	877:895	the major compounds	877:895	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	5	18	theme	chicoric	1044:1051	arg1	acids					1053:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	5	19	theme	factor-α	1087:1094	arg1	activity					1096:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1064:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions	1064:1133	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	5	20	theme	swertiajaponin	997:1010	arg1	acids					1053:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	1	21	theme	various	181:187	arg1	extracts					189:196	various extracts	181:196	various extracts	181:196	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	0	22	theme	In	0:1	arg1	Inhibition					15:24	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition	0:24	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus	0:75	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Composition.
26692456	3	23	theme	flavonoid-rich	776:789	arg1	fraction					791:798	a flavonoid-rich fraction	774:798	a flavonoid-rich fraction	774:798	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	5	24	theme	fractions	1125:1133	arg1	activity					1096:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1064:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions	1064:1133	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	1	25	theme	extracts	189:196	arg1	effect					171:176	the effect	167:176	the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	167:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	2	26	theme	liquid	460:465	arg1	chromatography					467:480	a high-performance liquid chromatography	441:480	a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method	441:514	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	1	27	theme	lipopolysaccharide-stimulated	296:324	arg1	cells					332:336	lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells	296:336	lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells	296:336	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	2	28	theme	E.	595:596	arg1	extracts					611:618	extracts	611:618	extracts	611:618	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	0	29	with	Correlation	88:98	arg1	Composition					125:135	Their Phytochemical Composition	105:135	Their Phytochemical Composition	105:135	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Composition.
26692456	5	30	theme	swertisin	1013:1021	arg1	acids					1053:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	997:1057	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	2	31	theme	high-performance	443:458	arg1	chromatography					467:480	a high-performance liquid chromatography	441:480	a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method	441:514	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	1	32	theme	THP-1	326:330	arg1	cells					332:336	lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells	296:336	lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells	296:336	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	1	33	theme	phytochemical	401:413	arg1	composition					415:425	phytochemical composition	401:425	phytochemical composition	401:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	6	34	theme	compounds	1148:1156	arg1	None					1136:1139	None	1136:1139	None of the compounds tested alone	1136:1169	None of the compounds tested alone abolished tumor necrosis factor-α release completely, however, some extracts and fractions reached this result, suggesting a synergistic effect between the constituents.
26692456	1	35	theme	fractions	202:210	arg1	effect					171:176	the effect	167:176	the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	167:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	5	36	theme	antitumor	1068:1076	arg1	activity					1096:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1064:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions	1064:1133	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	2	37	theme	compounds	582:590	arg1	quantification					558:571	the quantification	554:571	the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions	554:632	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	5	38	theme	necrosis	1078:1085	arg1	activity					1096:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1064:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions	1064:1133	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	5	39	theme	regression	930:939	arg1	analysis					941:948	Polynomial regression analysis	919:948	Polynomial regression analysis	919:948	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	0	40	theme	TNF-α	9:13	arg1	Inhibition					15:24	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition	0:24	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus	0:75	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Composition.
26692456	7	41	theme	anti-inflammatory	1554:1570	arg1	agents					1572:1577	new anti-inflammatory agents	1550:1577	new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1550:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	0	42	from	grandiflorus	64:75	arg1	Extracts					38:45	Extracts	38:45	Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus	38:75	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Composition.
26692456	1	43	from	association	365:375	arg1	look					353:356	look	353:356	look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	353:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	2	44	theme	detection	499:507	arg1	method					509:514	diode-array detection method	487:514	diode-array detection method	487:514	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	3	45	theme	potent	818:823	arg1	responses					825:833	the most potent responses	809:833	the most potent responses	809:833	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	1	46	dep	grandiflorus	238:249	arg1	leaves					251:256	leaves	251:256	leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition	251:425	This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various extracts and fractions obtained from Echinodorus grandiflorus leaves on tumor necrosis factor-α release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells, as well as to look at the association between bioactivity and phytochemical composition.
26692456	7	47	theme	necrosis	1440:1447	arg1	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	47	theme	necrosis	1440:1447	arg1	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	2	48	theme	diode-array	487:497	arg1	method					509:514	diode-array detection method	487:514	diode-array detection method	487:514	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	6	49	theme	synergistic	1296:1306	arg1	effect					1308:1313	a synergistic effect	1294:1313	a synergistic effect between the constituents	1294:1338	None of the compounds tested alone abolished tumor necrosis factor-α release completely, however, some extracts and fractions reached this result, suggesting a synergistic effect between the constituents.
26692456	7	50	theme	E.	1389:1390	arg1	species					1381:1387	the species	1377:1387	the species E. grandiflorus	1377:1403	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	51	theme	factor-α	1449:1456	arg1	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	51	theme	factor-α	1449:1456	arg1	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	3	52	theme	factor-α	682:689	arg1	activity					691:698	antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	663:698	antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	663:698	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	4	53	theme	trans-Aconitic	836:849	arg1	isoorientin					860:870	isoorientin	860:870	isoorientin	860:870	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	4	53	theme	trans-Aconitic	836:849	arg1	acid					851:854	trans-Aconitic acid	836:854	trans-Aconitic acid	836:854	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	4	53	theme	trans-Aconitic	836:849	arg1	compounds					887:895	the major compounds	877:895	the major compounds	877:895	trans-Aconitic acid and isoorientin were the major compounds in some preparations.
26692456	5	54	theme	extracts	1112:1119	arg1	activity					1096:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1064:1103	the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions	1064:1133	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	3	55	theme	antitumor	663:671	arg1	activity					691:698	antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	663:698	antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	663:698	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	2	56	with	chromatography	467:480	arg1	method					509:514	diode-array detection method	487:514	diode-array detection method	487:514	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	6	57	theme	necrosis	1187:1194	arg1	release					1205:1211	tumor necrosis factor-α release	1181:1211	tumor necrosis factor-α release	1181:1211	None of the compounds tested alone abolished tumor necrosis factor-α release completely, however, some extracts and fractions reached this result, suggesting a synergistic effect between the constituents.
26692456	7	58	theme	further	1509:1515	arg1	investigations					1517:1530	further investigations	1509:1530	further investigations	1509:1530	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	59	contain	has	1405:1407	arg2	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	59	contain	has	1405:1407	arg1	species					1381:1387	the species	1377:1387	the species E. grandiflorus	1377:1403	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	59	contain	has	1405:1407	arg2	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	3	60	theme	necrosis	673:680	arg1	activity					691:698	antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	663:698	antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	663:698	All of these samples showed antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, however, extracts prepared from 50% EtOH, water and dichloromethane, and a flavonoid-rich fraction elicited the most potent responses.
26692456	6	61	theme	tumor	1181:1185	arg1	release					1205:1211	tumor necrosis factor-α release	1181:1211	tumor necrosis factor-α release	1181:1211	None of the compounds tested alone abolished tumor necrosis factor-α release completely, however, some extracts and fractions reached this result, suggesting a synergistic effect between the constituents.
26692456	2	62	dep	extracts	611:618	arg1	grandiflorus					598:609	E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions	595:632	grandiflorus	598:609	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	2	63	from	quantification	558:571	arg1	extracts					611:618	extracts	611:618	extracts	611:618	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	2	63	from	quantification	558:571	arg1	fractions					624:632	fractions	624:632	fractions	624:632	To this end, a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was developed and validated, enabling the quantification of seven compounds in E. grandiflorus extracts and fractions.
26692456	7	64	theme	significant	1409:1419	arg1	characteristic					1480:1493	a promising characteristic	1468:1493	a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants	1468:1589	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	7	64	theme	significant	1409:1419	arg1	activity					1458:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity	1409:1465	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	5	65	theme	acids	1053:1057	arg1	contents					985:992	the contents	981:992	the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids	981:1057	Polynomial regression analysis showed the association between the contents of swertiajaponin, swertisin, trans-aconitic, and chicoric acids with the antitumor necrosis factor-α activity of the extracts and fractions.
26692456	7	66	dep	E.	1389:1390	arg1	grandiflorus					1392:1403	grandiflorus	1392:1403	grandiflorus	1392:1403	Therefore, it is clearly shown that the species E. grandiflorus has significant in vitro antitumor necrosis factor-α activity, a promising characteristic that deserves further investigations in the search for new anti-inflammatory agents from plants.
26692456	0	67	dep	In	0:1	arg1	Vitro					3:7	Vitro	3:7	Vitro	3:7	In Vitro TNF-α Inhibition Elicited by Extracts from Echinodorus grandiflorus Leaves and Correlation with Their Phytochemical Composition.
25024132	6	0	theme	Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite	1113:1131	arg1	immunoelectrodes					1133:1148	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes	1108:1148	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11)	1108:1177	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11) were independently capable of distinguishing specific and nonspecific analytes like CD59, D-dimers, etc.
25024132	1	1	theme	carbon	295:300	arg1	composite					331:339	carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	295:339	carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	295:339	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	2	from	present	1585:1591	arg1	vessel					1605:1610	the same vessel	1596:1610	the same vessel	1596:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	7	3	theme	irrespective	1539:1550	arg1	combinations					1526:1537	different combinations	1516:1537	different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1516:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	3	4	theme	MAGE	573:576	arg1	A11					578:580	MAGE A11	573:580	MAGE A11	573:580	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	7	5	theme	different	1516:1524	arg1	combinations					1526:1537	different combinations	1516:1537	different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1516:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	4	6	theme	electron	898:905	arg1	microscopy					907:916	scanning electron microscopy	889:916	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	889:922	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	6	theme	electron	898:905	arg1	SEM					919:921	SEM	919:921	SEM	919:921	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	7	7	theme	concentrations	1498:1511	arg1	mixture					1471:1477	a mixture	1469:1477	a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1469:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	4	8	theme	MAGE	737:740	arg1	immunoelectrodes					690:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes	679:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite)	679:762	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	8	theme	MAGE	737:740	arg1	A11/CNT-CHI/graphite					742:761	MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite	737:761	MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite	737:761	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	1	9	theme	cancer	238:243	arg1	A11					284:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	9	theme	cancer	238:243	arg1	biomarkers					245:254	lung cancer biomarkers	233:254	lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11)	233:287	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	9	theme	cancer	238:243	arg1	A2					267:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	4	10	theme	Fabricated	679:688	arg1	immunoelectrodes					690:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes	679:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite)	679:762	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	10	theme	Fabricated	679:688	arg1	A2/CNT-CHI/graphite					713:731	MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite	708:731	MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite	708:731	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	10	theme	Fabricated	679:688	arg1	A11/CNT-CHI/graphite					742:761	MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite	737:761	MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite	737:761	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	7	11	from	combinations	1526:1537	arg1	mixture					1471:1477	a mixture	1469:1477	a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1469:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	1	12	theme	bianalyte	162:170	arg1	immunosensor					172:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor	133:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor	133:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	13	theme	single	1429:1434	arg1	run					1449:1451	a single experimental run	1427:1451	a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1427:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	3	14	dep	A2	566:567	arg1	i.e.					555:558	i.e.	555:558	i.e.	555:558	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	7	15	theme	A11	1406:1408	arg1	detection					1376:1384	simultaneous detection	1363:1384	simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11	1363:1408	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	5	16	theme	pulse	1083:1087	arg1	DPV					1102:1104	DPV	1102:1104	DPV	1102:1104	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	16	theme	pulse	1083:1087	arg1	voltammetry					1089:1099	differential pulse voltammetry	1070:1099	differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	1070:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	7	17	theme	A2	1399:1400	arg1	detection					1376:1384	simultaneous detection	1363:1384	simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11	1363:1408	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	2	18	theme	casting	470:476	arg1	method					478:483	drop casting method	465:483	drop casting method	465:483	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	0	19	theme	carbon	92:97	arg1	nanocomposite					118:130	carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	92:130	carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	92:130	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	1	20	theme	simultaneous	207:218	arg1	detection					220:228	simultaneous detection	207:228	simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	207:339	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	5	21	dep	analytes	989:996	arg1	analytes					989:996	respective analytes	978:996	respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	978:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	21	dep	analytes	989:996	arg1	A2					1009:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	21	dep	analytes	989:996	arg1	A11					1026:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	1	22	theme	label-free	135:144	arg1	immunosensor					172:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor	133:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor	133:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	23	theme	anti-MAGE	1389:1397	arg1	A2					1399:1400	anti-MAGE A2	1389:1400	anti-MAGE A2	1389:1400	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	4	24	theme	cyclic	812:817	arg1	voltammetry					819:829	cyclic voltammetry	812:829	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	812:834	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	24	theme	cyclic	812:817	arg1	CV					832:833	CV	832:833	CV	832:833	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	24	theme	cyclic	812:817	arg1	Fourier					837:843	Fourier	837:843	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	837:922	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	1	25	theme	CNT-CHI	322:328	arg1	composite					331:339	carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	295:339	carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	295:339	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	26	theme	detection	1376:1384	arg1	demonstration					1346:1358	successful demonstration	1335:1358	successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11	1335:1408	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	3	27	theme	cancer	513:518	arg1	biomarkers					520:529	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag)	508:552	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag)	508:552	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	0	28	theme	cancer	15:20	arg1	diagnosis					22:30	lung cancer diagnosis	10:30	lung cancer diagnosis	10:30	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	5	29	theme	anti-MAGE	1016:1024	arg1	analytes					989:996	respective analytes	978:996	respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	978:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	29	theme	anti-MAGE	1016:1024	arg1	A11					1026:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	7	30	theme	present	1585:1591	arg1	analyte					1577:1583	other analyte	1571:1583	other analyte present in the same vessel	1571:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	4	31	dep	immunoelectrodes	690:705	arg1	immunoelectrodes					690:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes	679:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite)	679:762	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	31	dep	immunoelectrodes	690:705	arg1	A2/CNT-CHI/graphite					713:731	MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite	708:731	MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite	708:731	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	31	dep	immunoelectrodes	690:705	arg1	A11/CNT-CHI/graphite					742:761	MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite	737:761	MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite	737:761	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	7	32	theme	successful	1335:1344	arg1	demonstration					1346:1358	successful demonstration	1335:1358	successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11	1335:1408	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	0	33	theme	simultaneous	49:60	arg1	immunosensing					72:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing	33:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	33:130	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	7	34	theme	other	1571:1575	arg1	analyte					1577:1583	other analyte	1571:1583	other analyte present in the same vessel	1571:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	7	35	theme	immunoelectrodes	1309:1324	arg1	studies					1293:1299	Response studies	1284:1299	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes	1284:1324	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	3	36	theme	specific	531:538	arg1	Ag					550:551	Ag	550:551	Ag	550:551	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	3	36	theme	specific	531:538	arg1	antigens					540:547	specific antigens	531:547	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag)	508:552	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	7	37	theme	presence	1559:1566	arg1	irrespective					1539:1550	irrespective	1539:1550	irrespective	1539:1550	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	7	38	attach	present	1585:1591	arg1	vessel					1605:1610	the same vessel	1596:1610	the same vessel	1596:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	7	38	attach	present	1585:1591	arg2	analyte					1577:1583	other analyte	1571:1583	other analyte present in the same vessel	1571:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	1	39	dep	biomarkers	245:254	arg1	A11					284:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	39	dep	biomarkers	245:254	arg1	biomarkers					245:254	lung cancer biomarkers	233:254	lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11)	233:287	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	39	dep	biomarkers	245:254	arg1	A2					267:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	2	40	theme	CNT-CHI	419:425	arg1	gel					427:429	CNT-CHI gel	419:429	CNT-CHI gel	419:429	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	3	41	dep	biomarkers	520:529	arg1	Ag					550:551	Ag	550:551	Ag	550:551	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	3	41	dep	biomarkers	520:529	arg1	antigens					540:547	specific antigens	531:547	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag)	508:552	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	7	42	theme	Response	1284:1291	arg1	studies					1293:1299	Response studies	1284:1299	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes	1284:1324	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	5	43	from	5 fg mL	1036:1042	arg1	detection					965:973	successful detection	954:973	successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	954:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	43	from	5 fg mL	1036:1042	arg1	analytes					989:996	respective analytes	978:996	respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	978:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	43	from	5 fg mL	1036:1042	arg1	A2					1009:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	43	from	5 fg mL	1036:1042	arg1	A11					1026:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	44	theme	respective	978:987	arg1	analytes					989:996	respective analytes	978:996	respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	978:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	44	theme	respective	978:987	arg1	A2					1009:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	44	theme	respective	978:987	arg1	A11					1026:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	anti-MAGE A11	1016:1028	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	1	45	theme	nanotubes-chitosan	302:319	arg1	composite					331:339	carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	295:339	carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	295:339	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	46	theme	various	1482:1488	arg1	concentrations					1498:1511	various analyte concentrations	1482:1511	various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1482:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	3	47	theme	MAGE	561:564	arg1	A2					566:567	MAGE A2	561:567	MAGE A2	561:567	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	7	48	theme	analyte	1490:1496	arg1	concentrations					1498:1511	various analyte concentrations	1482:1511	various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1482:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	4	49	theme	scanning	889:896	arg1	microscopy					907:916	scanning electron microscopy	889:916	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	889:922	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	49	theme	scanning	889:896	arg1	SEM					919:921	SEM	919:921	SEM	919:921	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	50	theme	MAGE	708:711	arg1	immunoelectrodes					690:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes	679:705	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite)	679:762	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	4	50	theme	MAGE	708:711	arg1	A2/CNT-CHI/graphite					713:731	MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite	708:731	MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite	708:731	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	1	51	theme	lung	233:236	arg1	A11					284:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	51	theme	lung	233:236	arg1	biomarkers					245:254	lung cancer biomarkers	233:254	lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11)	233:287	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	51	theme	lung	233:236	arg1	A2					267:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	52	from	concentrations	1498:1511	arg1	combinations					1526:1537	different combinations	1516:1537	different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1516:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	1	53	theme	biomarkers	245:254	arg1	detection					220:228	simultaneous detection	207:228	simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite	207:339	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	6	54	theme	MAGE	1169:1172	arg1	A11					1174:1176	MAGE A11	1169:1176	MAGE A11	1169:1176	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11) were independently capable of distinguishing specific and nonspecific analytes like CD59, D-dimers, etc.
25024132	3	55	theme	CNT-CHI/graphite	616:631	arg1	electrode					633:641	CNT-CHI/graphite electrode	616:641	CNT-CHI/graphite electrode	616:641	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	4	56	dep	transform	845:853	arg1	infrared					855:862	infrared	855:862	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	845:922	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	1	57	theme	anti-MAGE	257:265	arg1	biomarkers					245:254	lung cancer biomarkers	233:254	lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11)	233:287	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	57	theme	anti-MAGE	257:265	arg1	A2					267:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	anti-MAGE A2	257:268	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	7	58	theme	experimental	1436:1447	arg1	run					1449:1451	a single experimental run	1427:1451	a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1427:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	1	59	theme	electrochemical	146:160	arg1	immunosensor					172:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor	133:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor	133:183	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	5	60	theme	differential	1070:1081	arg1	DPV					1102:1104	DPV	1102:1104	DPV	1102:1104	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	60	theme	differential	1070:1081	arg1	voltammetry					1089:1099	differential pulse voltammetry	1070:1099	differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	1070:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	3	61	theme	fabrication	658:668	arg1	process					670:676	fabrication process	658:676	fabrication process	658:676	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	5	62	theme	analytes	989:996	arg1	detection					965:973	successful detection	954:973	successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	954:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	6	63	theme	nonspecific	1237:1247	arg1	analytes					1249:1256	specific and nonspecific analytes	1224:1256	specific and nonspecific analytes	1224:1256	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11) were independently capable of distinguishing specific and nonspecific analytes like CD59, D-dimers, etc.
25024132	4	64	theme	modification	791:802	arg1	step					804:807	each modification step	786:807	each modification step	786:807	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	2	65	theme	single-walled	379:391	arg1	CNTs					393:396	acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs	359:396	acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs	359:396	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	4	66	dep	Fourier	837:843	arg1	transform					845:853	transform	845:853	transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	845:922	Fabricated immunoelectrodes (MAGE A2/CNT-CHI/graphite and MAGE A11/CNT-CHI/graphite) were characterized at each modification step by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
25024132	6	67	theme	specific	1224:1231	arg1	analytes					1249:1256	specific and nonspecific analytes	1224:1256	specific and nonspecific analytes	1224:1256	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11) were independently capable of distinguishing specific and nonspecific analytes like CD59, D-dimers, etc.
25024132	0	68	theme	nanotubes-chitosan	99:116	arg1	nanocomposite					118:130	carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	92:130	carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	92:130	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	5	69	theme	successful	954:963	arg1	detection					965:973	successful detection	954:973	successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	954:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	7	70	from	mixture	1471:1477	arg1	combinations					1526:1537	different combinations	1516:1537	different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1516:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	2	71	used	used	403:406	arg2	CNTs					393:396	acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs	359:396	acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs	359:396	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	5	72	from	detection	965:973	arg1	-1					1044:1045	-1	1044:1045	-1	1044:1045	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	72	from	detection	965:973	arg1	5 fg mL					1036:1042	5 fg mL	1036:1042	5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	1036:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	0	73	theme	lung	10:13	arg1	diagnosis					22:30	lung cancer diagnosis	10:30	lung cancer diagnosis	10:30	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	5	74	theme	anti-MAGE	999:1007	arg1	analytes					989:996	respective analytes	978:996	respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)	978:1105	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	5	74	theme	anti-MAGE	999:1007	arg1	A2					1009:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	anti-MAGE A2	999:1010	Both immunoelectrodes showed successful detection of respective analytes (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) from 5 fg mL(-1) to 50 ng mL(-1) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).
25024132	7	75	theme	simultaneous	1363:1374	arg1	detection					1376:1384	simultaneous detection	1363:1384	simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11	1363:1408	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	2	76	theme	graphite	490:497	arg1	surface					499:505	graphite surface	490:505	graphite surface	490:505	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	7	77	from	vessel	1605:1610	arg1	present					1585:1591	present	1585:1591	present	1585:1591	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	2	78	theme	drop	465:468	arg1	method					478:483	drop casting method	465:483	drop casting method	465:483	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	0	79	theme	electrochemical	33:47	arg1	immunosensing					72:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing	33:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	33:130	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	7	80	theme	same	1600:1603	arg1	vessel					1605:1610	the same vessel	1596:1610	the same vessel	1596:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	3	81	theme	Lung	508:511	arg1	biomarkers					520:529	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag)	508:552	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag)	508:552	Lung cancer biomarkers specific antigens (Ag), i.e., MAGE A2 and MAGE A11, were covalently immobilized onto CNT-CHI/graphite electrode separately for fabrication process.
25024132	0	82	theme	bianalyte	62:70	arg1	immunosensing					72:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing	33:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	33:130	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	0	83	dep	Enhancing	0:8	arg1	immunosensing					72:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing	33:84	electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite	33:130	Enhancing lung cancer diagnosis: electrochemical simultaneous bianalyte immunosensing using carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite.
25024132	7	84	theme	analyte	1577:1583	arg1	presence					1559:1566	the presence	1555:1566	the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel	1555:1610	Response studies of both immunoelectrodes revealed successful demonstration of simultaneous detection of anti-MAGE A2 and A11 independently in a single experimental run when exposed to a mixture of various analyte concentrations in different combinations irrespective of the presence of other analyte present in the same vessel.
25024132	6	85	theme	MAGE	1157:1160	arg1	A2					1162:1163	MAGE A2	1157:1163	MAGE A2	1157:1163	Both Ag/CNT-CHI/graphite immunoelectrodes (using MAGE A2 and MAGE A11) were independently capable of distinguishing specific and nonspecific analytes like CD59, D-dimers, etc.
25024132	2	86	theme	acid-functionalized	359:377	arg1	CNTs					393:396	acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs	359:396	acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs	359:396	To achieve this, acid-functionalized single-walled CNTs were used to prepare CNT-CHI gel and electrodes were fabricated by drop casting method onto graphite surface.
25024132	1	87	theme	anti-MAGE	274:282	arg1	A11					284:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	anti-MAGE A11	274:286	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
25024132	1	87	theme	anti-MAGE	274:282	arg1	biomarkers					245:254	lung cancer biomarkers	233:254	lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11)	233:287	A label-free electrochemical bianalyte immunosensor has been designed for simultaneous detection of lung cancer biomarkers (anti-MAGE A2 and anti-MAGE A11) using carbon nanotubes-chitosan (CNT-CHI) composite.
24721084	4	0	theme	Field	483:487	arg1	FESEM					528:532	FESEM	528:532	FESEM	528:532	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	4	0	theme	Field	483:487	arg1	micrsocopy					516:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy	483:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM)	483:533	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	9	1	theme	optimum	1120:1126	arg1	results					1128:1134	the optimum results	1116:1134	the optimum results	1116:1134	By proper selection of the reaction conditions, the efficiency of crosslinking can be controlled to obtain the optimum results.
24721084	4	2	theme	phase	568:572	arg1	systems					574:580	homogenous, single phase systems	549:580	homogenous, single phase systems	549:580	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	4	3	theme	electron	507:514	arg1	FESEM					528:532	FESEM	528:532	FESEM	528:532	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	4	3	theme	electron	507:514	arg1	micrsocopy					516:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy	483:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM)	483:533	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	7	4	theme	hydrogels	921:929	arg1	characteristics					886:900	the handling characteristics	873:900	the handling characteristics	873:900	Glycerol, when used as a plasticizer, improved the flexibility and the handling characteristics of the crosslinked hydrogels.
24721084	7	4	theme	hydrogels	921:929	arg1	flexibility					857:867	flexibility	857:867	flexibility	857:867	Glycerol, when used as a plasticizer, improved the flexibility and the handling characteristics of the crosslinked hydrogels.
24721084	9	5	theme	proper	1012:1017	arg1	selection					1019:1027	proper selection	1012:1027	proper selection of the reaction conditions	1012:1054	By proper selection of the reaction conditions, the efficiency of crosslinking can be controlled to obtain the optimum results.
24721084	7	6	link	crosslinked	909:919	arg1	hydrogels					921:929	the crosslinked hydrogels	905:929	the crosslinked hydrogels	905:929	Glycerol, when used as a plasticizer, improved the flexibility and the handling characteristics of the crosslinked hydrogels.
24721084	4	7	theme	scanning	498:505	arg1	FESEM					528:532	FESEM	528:532	FESEM	528:532	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	4	7	theme	scanning	498:505	arg1	micrsocopy					516:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy	483:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM)	483:533	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	5	8	theme	swelling	641:648	arg1	characteristics					650:664	The swelling characteristics	637:664	The swelling characteristics of the hydrogels	637:681	The swelling characteristics of the hydrogels were monitored.
24721084	7	9	dep	flexibility	857:867	arg1	the					853:855	the	853:855	the	853:855	Glycerol, when used as a plasticizer, improved the flexibility and the handling characteristics of the crosslinked hydrogels.
24721084	2	10	theme	groups	289:294	arg1	gelatin					299:305	gelatin	299:305	gelatin	299:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	10	theme	groups	289:294	arg1	groups					289:294	OP and amino groups	276:294	groups	289:294	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	10	theme	groups	289:294	arg1	groups					266:271	aldehyde groups	257:271	aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin	257:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	3	11	theme	reaction	357:364	arg1	time					366:369	reaction time	357:369	reaction time	357:369	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	1	12	theme	Crosslinked	82:92	arg1	hydrogels					94:102	Crosslinked hydrogels	82:102	Crosslinked hydrogels	82:102	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	6	13	theme	gelatin	780:786	arg1	content					788:794	the gelatin content	776:794	the gelatin content (10-40%)	776:803	The equilibrium swelling varies in the range of 195-324% with a variation in the gelatin content (10-40%).
24721084	6	13	theme	gelatin	780:786	arg1	%					802:802	10-40%	797:802	10-40%	797:802	The equilibrium swelling varies in the range of 195-324% with a variation in the gelatin content (10-40%).
24721084	2	14	theme	amino	283:287	arg1	gelatin					299:305	gelatin	299:305	gelatin	299:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	14	theme	amino	283:287	arg1	groups					289:294	OP and amino groups	276:294	groups	289:294	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	6	15	theme	equilibrium	703:713	arg1	swelling					715:722	The equilibrium swelling	699:722	The equilibrium swelling	699:722	The equilibrium swelling varies in the range of 195-324% with a variation in the gelatin content (10-40%).
24721084	3	16	theme	parameters	338:347	arg1	effect					312:317	The effect	308:317	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking	308:463	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	4	17	dep	homogenous	549:558	arg1	single					561:566	single	561:566	single	561:566	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	7	18	theme	crosslinked	909:919	arg1	hydrogels					921:929	the crosslinked hydrogels	905:929	the crosslinked hydrogels	905:929	Glycerol, when used as a plasticizer, improved the flexibility and the handling characteristics of the crosslinked hydrogels.
24721084	1	19	theme	gelatin	177:183	arg1	reaction					130:137	in-situ reaction	122:137	in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin	122:183	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	1	20	link	Crosslinked	82:92	arg1	hydrogels					94:102	Crosslinked hydrogels	82:102	Crosslinked hydrogels	82:102	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	2	21	theme	OP	276:277	arg1	gelatin					299:305	gelatin	299:305	gelatin	299:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	21	theme	OP	276:277	arg1	groups					289:294	OP and amino groups	276:294	groups	289:294	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	9	22	theme	reaction	1036:1043	arg1	conditions					1045:1054	the reaction conditions	1032:1054	the reaction conditions	1032:1054	By proper selection of the reaction conditions, the efficiency of crosslinking can be controlled to obtain the optimum results.
24721084	3	23	theme	reaction	372:379	arg1	temperature					381:391	reaction temperature	372:391	reaction temperature	372:391	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	8	24	theme	tensile	964:970	arg1	strengths					972:980	good tensile strengths	959:980	good tensile strengths	959:980	Plasticized films retained good tensile strengths in the range of 19-48 MPa.
24721084	9	25	theme	conditions	1045:1054	arg1	selection					1019:1027	proper selection	1012:1027	proper selection of the reaction conditions	1012:1054	By proper selection of the reaction conditions, the efficiency of crosslinking can be controlled to obtain the optimum results.
24721084	3	26	theme	reaction	404:411	arg1	composition					417:427	composition	417:427	composition	417:427	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	26	theme	reaction	404:411	arg1	pH					394:395	pH	394:395	pH of the reaction	394:411	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	26	theme	reaction	404:411	arg1	time					366:369	reaction time	357:369	reaction time	357:369	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	26	theme	reaction	404:411	arg1	temperature					381:391	reaction temperature	372:391	reaction temperature	372:391	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	0	27	link	crosslinked	44:54	arg1	hydrogels					71:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.
24721084	7	28	theme	handling	877:884	arg1	characteristics					886:900	the handling characteristics	873:900	the handling characteristics	873:900	Glycerol, when used as a plasticizer, improved the flexibility and the handling characteristics of the crosslinked hydrogels.
24721084	2	29	theme	gelatin	299:305	arg1	gelatin					299:305	gelatin	299:305	gelatin	299:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	29	theme	gelatin	299:305	arg1	groups					289:294	OP and amino groups	276:294	groups	289:294	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	4	30	theme	OP	621:622	arg1	crosslinking					605:616	the crosslinking	601:616	the crosslinking of OP and gelatin	601:634	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	0	31	theme	crosslinked	44:54	arg1	hydrogels					71:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.
24721084	4	32	theme	homogenous	549:558	arg1	systems					574:580	homogenous, single phase systems	549:580	homogenous, single phase systems	549:580	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	2	33	theme	bases	243:247	arg1	formation					223:231	the formation	219:231	the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin	219:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	4	34	theme	gelatin	628:634	arg1	crosslinking					605:616	the crosslinking	601:616	the crosslinking of OP and gelatin	601:634	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	0	35	theme	in-situ	36:42	arg1	hydrogels					71:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.
24721084	8	36	theme	good	959:962	arg1	strengths					972:980	good tensile strengths	959:980	good tensile strengths	959:980	Plasticized films retained good tensile strengths in the range of 19-48 MPa.
24721084	2	37	theme	Schiff	236:241	arg1	bases					243:247	Schiff bases	236:247	Schiff bases	236:247	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	6	38	theme	%	754:754	arg1	range					738:742	the range	734:742	the range of 195-324%	734:754	The equilibrium swelling varies in the range of 195-324% with a variation in the gelatin content (10-40%).
24721084	6	39	from	variation	763:771	arg1	content					788:794	the gelatin content	776:794	the gelatin content (10-40%)	776:803	The equilibrium swelling varies in the range of 195-324% with a variation in the gelatin content (10-40%).
24721084	6	39	from	variation	763:771	arg1	%					802:802	10-40%	797:802	10-40%	797:802	The equilibrium swelling varies in the range of 195-324% with a variation in the gelatin content (10-40%).
24721084	0	40	theme	hydrogels	71:79	arg1	characterization					16:31	characterization	16:31	characterization	16:31	Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.
24721084	0	40	theme	hydrogels	71:79	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.
24721084	0	41	theme	pectin-gelatin	56:69	arg1	hydrogels					71:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels	36:79	Preparation and characterization of in-situ crosslinked pectin-gelatin hydrogels.
24721084	3	42	from	effect	312:317	arg1	efficacy					436:443	the efficacy	432:443	the efficacy of the crosslinking	432:463	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	1	43	theme	periodate	142:150	arg1	OP					169:170	OP	169:170	OP	169:170	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	1	43	theme	periodate	142:150	arg1	pectin					161:166	periodate oxidized pectin	142:166	periodate oxidized pectin (OP)	142:171	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	5	44	theme	hydrogels	673:681	arg1	characteristics					650:664	The swelling characteristics	637:664	The swelling characteristics of the hydrogels	637:681	The swelling characteristics of the hydrogels were monitored.
24721084	8	45	theme	Plasticized	932:942	arg1	films					944:948	Plasticized films	932:948	Plasticized films	932:948	Plasticized films retained good tensile strengths in the range of 19-48 MPa.
24721084	1	46	theme	oxidized	152:159	arg1	OP					169:170	OP	169:170	OP	169:170	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	1	46	theme	oxidized	152:159	arg1	pectin					161:166	periodate oxidized pectin	142:166	periodate oxidized pectin (OP)	142:171	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	1	47	theme	in-situ	122:128	arg1	reaction					130:137	in-situ reaction	122:137	in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin	122:183	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	9	48	theme	crosslinking	1075:1086	arg1	efficiency					1061:1070	the efficiency	1057:1070	the efficiency of crosslinking	1057:1086	By proper selection of the reaction conditions, the efficiency of crosslinking can be controlled to obtain the optimum results.
24721084	1	49	theme	pectin	161:166	arg1	reaction					130:137	in-situ reaction	122:137	in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin	122:183	Crosslinked hydrogels were developed by in-situ reaction of periodate oxidized pectin (OP) and gelatin.
24721084	3	50	theme	crosslinking	452:463	arg1	efficacy					436:443	the efficacy	432:443	the efficacy of the crosslinking	432:463	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	51	theme	various	322:328	arg1	composition					417:427	composition	417:427	composition	417:427	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	51	theme	various	322:328	arg1	pH					394:395	pH	394:395	pH of the reaction	394:411	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	51	theme	various	322:328	arg1	time					366:369	reaction time	357:369	reaction time	357:369	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	51	theme	various	322:328	arg1	temperature					381:391	reaction temperature	372:391	reaction temperature	372:391	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	51	theme	various	322:328	arg1	parameters					338:347	various process parameters	322:347	various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition	322:427	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	2	52	theme	aldehyde	257:264	arg1	gelatin					299:305	gelatin	299:305	gelatin	299:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	52	theme	aldehyde	257:264	arg1	groups					289:294	OP and amino groups	276:294	groups	289:294	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	2	52	theme	aldehyde	257:264	arg1	groups					266:271	aldehyde groups	257:271	aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin	257:305	The reaction takes place through the formation of Schiff bases between aldehyde groups of OP and amino groups of gelatin.
24721084	8	53	theme	MPa	1004:1006	arg1	range					989:993	the range	985:993	the range of 19-48 MPa	985:1006	Plasticized films retained good tensile strengths in the range of 19-48 MPa.
24721084	3	54	theme	process	330:336	arg1	composition					417:427	composition	417:427	composition	417:427	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	54	theme	process	330:336	arg1	pH					394:395	pH	394:395	pH of the reaction	394:411	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	54	theme	process	330:336	arg1	time					366:369	reaction time	357:369	reaction time	357:369	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	54	theme	process	330:336	arg1	temperature					381:391	reaction temperature	372:391	reaction temperature	372:391	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	3	54	theme	process	330:336	arg1	parameters					338:347	various process parameters	322:347	various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition	322:427	The effect of various process parameters such as reaction time, reaction temperature, pH of the reaction and composition on the efficacy of the crosslinking was investigated.
24721084	4	55	theme	emission	489:496	arg1	FESEM					528:532	FESEM	528:532	FESEM	528:532	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
24721084	4	55	theme	emission	489:496	arg1	micrsocopy					516:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy	483:525	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM)	483:533	Field emission scanning electron micrsocopy (FESEM) revealed that homogenous, single phase systems are obtained after the crosslinking of OP and gelatin.
25461003	0	0	theme	biofuel	96:102	arg1	production					104:113	biofuel production	96:113	biofuel production	96:113	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	5	1	theme	maximum	756:762	arg1	yield					772:776	the maximum ethanol yield	752:776	the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass	752:809	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	7	2	theme	dried	1057:1061	arg1	biomass					1069:1075	dried algae biomass	1057:1075	dried algae biomass	1057:1075	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	7	3	theme	other	966:970	arg1	hand					972:975	the other hand	962:975	the other hand	962:975	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	5	4	theme	ethanol	764:770	arg1	yield					772:776	the maximum ethanol yield	752:776	the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass	752:809	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	7	5	theme	algae	1063:1067	arg1	biomass					1069:1075	dried algae biomass	1057:1075	dried algae biomass	1057:1075	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	6	6	contain	containing	830:839	arg1	extract					822:828	A seaweed extract	812:828	A seaweed extract containing mannitol	812:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	6	contain	containing	830:839	arg1	residue					862:868	a solid residue	854:868	a solid residue containing alginic acid	854:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	6	contain	containing	830:839	arg2	mannitol					841:848	mannitol	841:848	mannitol	841:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	6	contain	containing	830:839	arg1	byproducts					921:930	the main byproducts	912:930	the main byproducts of the ethanol production	912:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	1	7	theme	alginic	270:276	arg1	acid					278:281	alginic acid	270:281	alginic acid	270:281	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	5	8	theme	hydrolysates	700:711	arg1	fermentation					684:695	Anaerobic fermentation	674:695	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae	674:738	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	1	9	theme	acid	278:281	arg1	production					230:239	the production	226:239	the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas	226:293	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	6	10	theme	alginic	881:887	arg1	acid					889:892	alginic acid	881:892	alginic acid	881:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	11	contain	containing	870:879	arg1	extract					822:828	A seaweed extract	812:828	A seaweed extract containing mannitol	812:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	11	contain	containing	870:879	arg1	residue					862:868	a solid residue	854:868	a solid residue containing alginic acid	854:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	11	contain	containing	870:879	arg2	acid					889:892	alginic acid	881:892	alginic acid	881:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	11	contain	containing	870:879	arg1	byproducts					921:930	the main byproducts	912:930	the main byproducts of the ethanol production	912:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	2	12	theme	sulfuric	376:383	arg1	acid					385:388	dilute sulfuric acid	369:388	dilute sulfuric acid	369:388	In order to improve the products yields, the biomass was pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid and hot water.
25461003	3	13	theme	untreated	424:432	arg1	biomasses					434:442	The pretreated and untreated biomasses	405:442	The pretreated and untreated biomasses	405:442	The pretreated and untreated biomasses were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulase (15FPU/g) and β-glucosidase (30IU/g).
25461003	7	14	theme	hot	1080:1082	arg1	pretreatment					1090:1101	hot water pretreatment	1080:1101	hot water pretreatment	1080:1101	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	4	15	theme	pretreated	619:628	arg1	biomass					651:657	the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass	594:657	the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass	594:657	Hydrolysis yield of glucan was 29.8, 82.5, and 72.7g/kg for the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass, respectively.
25461003	7	16	dep	200m	1038:1041	arg1	to					1035:1036	to	1035:1036	to	1035:1036	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	3	17	theme	pretreated	409:418	arg1	biomasses					434:442	The pretreated and untreated biomasses	405:442	The pretreated and untreated biomasses	405:442	The pretreated and untreated biomasses were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulase (15FPU/g) and β-glucosidase (30IU/g).
25461003	5	18	theme	dried	797:801	arg1	biomass					803:809	the dried biomass	793:809	the dried biomass	793:809	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	2	19	theme	dilute	369:374	arg1	acid					385:388	dilute sulfuric acid	369:388	dilute sulfuric acid	369:388	In order to improve the products yields, the biomass was pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid and hot water.
25461003	0	20	theme	zanardini	33:41	arg1	composition					62:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	1	21	theme	biogas	288:293	arg1	production					230:239	the production	226:239	the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas	226:293	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	6	22	theme	production	947:956	arg1	extract					822:828	A seaweed extract	812:828	A seaweed extract containing mannitol	812:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	22	theme	production	947:956	arg1	residue					862:868	a solid residue	854:868	a solid residue containing alginic acid	854:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	22	theme	production	947:956	arg1	byproducts					921:930	the main byproducts	912:930	the main byproducts of the ethanol production	912:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	1	23	theme	Nizimuddinia	116:127	arg1	macroalgae					139:148	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae	116:148	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae	116:148	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	4	24	theme	untreated	598:606	arg1	biomass					651:657	the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass	594:657	the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass	594:657	Hydrolysis yield of glucan was 29.8, 82.5, and 72.7g/kg for the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass, respectively.
25461003	0	25	theme	Nizimuddinia	20:31	arg1	composition					62:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	4	26	theme	glucan	554:559	arg1	yield					545:549	Hydrolysis yield	534:549	Hydrolysis yield of glucan	534:559	Hydrolysis yield of glucan was 29.8, 82.5, and 72.7g/kg for the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass, respectively.
25461003	5	27	theme	Anaerobic	674:682	arg1	fermentation					684:695	Anaerobic fermentation	674:695	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae	674:738	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	6	28	theme	solid	856:860	arg1	extract					822:828	A seaweed extract	812:828	A seaweed extract containing mannitol	812:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	28	theme	solid	856:860	arg1	residue					862:868	a solid residue	854:868	a solid residue containing alginic acid	854:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	28	theme	solid	856:860	arg1	byproducts					921:930	the main byproducts	912:930	the main byproducts of the ethanol production	912:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	1	29	theme	zanardini	129:137	arg1	macroalgae					139:148	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae	116:148	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae	116:148	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	3	30	theme	enzymatic	462:470	arg1	hydrolysis					472:481	enzymatic hydrolysis	462:481	enzymatic hydrolysis	462:481	The pretreated and untreated biomasses were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulase (15FPU/g) and β-glucosidase (30IU/g).
25461003	0	31	theme	biomass	54:60	arg1	composition					62:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	6	32	theme	ethanol	939:945	arg1	production					947:956	the ethanol production	935:956	the ethanol production	935:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	0	33	theme	macroalgae	43:52	arg1	composition					62:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition	20:72	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	7	34	theme	water	1084:1088	arg1	pretreatment					1090:1101	hot water pretreatment	1080:1101	hot water pretreatment	1080:1101	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	5	35	theme	biomass	803:809	arg1	34.6g/kg					781:788	34.6g/kg	781:788	34.6g/kg of the dried biomass	781:809	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	2	36	theme	hot	394:396	arg1	water					398:402	hot water	394:402	hot water	394:402	In order to improve the products yields, the biomass was pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid and hot water.
25461003	5	37	theme	34.6g/kg	781:788	arg1	yield					772:776	the maximum ethanol yield	752:776	the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass	752:809	Anaerobic fermentation of hydrolysates by Saccharomycescerevisiae resulted in the maximum ethanol yield of 34.6g/kg of the dried biomass.
25461003	4	38	theme	Hydrolysis	534:543	arg1	yield					545:549	Hydrolysis yield	534:549	Hydrolysis yield of glucan	534:559	Hydrolysis yield of glucan was 29.8, 82.5, and 72.7g/kg for the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass, respectively.
25461003	0	39	theme	composition	62:72	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.	0:114	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	6	40	theme	main	916:919	arg1	extract					822:828	A seaweed extract	812:828	A seaweed extract containing mannitol	812:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	40	theme	main	916:919	arg1	residue					862:868	a solid residue	854:868	a solid residue containing alginic acid	854:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	40	theme	main	916:919	arg1	byproducts					921:930	the main byproducts	912:930	the main byproducts of the ethanol production	912:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	7	41	theme	biogas	982:987	arg1	yield					989:993	the biogas yield	978:993	the biogas yield from the biomass	978:1010	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	1	42	theme	ethanol	244:250	arg1	production					230:239	the production	226:239	the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas	226:293	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	6	43	theme	seaweed	814:820	arg1	extract					822:828	A seaweed extract	812:828	A seaweed extract containing mannitol	812:848	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	43	theme	seaweed	814:820	arg1	residue					862:868	a solid residue	854:868	a solid residue containing alginic acid	854:892	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	6	43	theme	seaweed	814:820	arg1	byproducts					921:930	the main byproducts	912:930	the main byproducts of the ethanol production	912:956	A seaweed extract containing mannitol and a solid residue containing alginic acid were recovered as the main byproducts of the ethanol production.
25461003	2	44	theme	products	320:327	arg1	yields					329:334	the products yields	316:334	the products yields	316:334	In order to improve the products yields, the biomass was pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid and hot water.
25461003	7	45	from	biomass	1004:1010	arg1	yield					989:993	the biogas yield	978:993	the biogas yield from the biomass	978:1010	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	0	46	theme	potential	82:90	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.	0:114	Characterization of Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae biomass composition and its potential for biofuel production.
25461003	1	47	theme	seaweed	253:259	arg1	extract					261:267	seaweed extract	253:267	seaweed extract	253:267	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
25461003	7	48	theme	biomass	1069:1075	arg1	ton					1050:1052	ton	1050:1052	ton of dried algae biomass	1050:1075	On the other hand, the biogas yield from the biomass was increased from 170 to 200m(3) per ton of dried algae biomass by hot water pretreatment.
25461003	4	49	theme	pretreated	640:649	arg1	biomass					651:657	the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass	594:657	the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass	594:657	Hydrolysis yield of glucan was 29.8, 82.5, and 72.7g/kg for the untreated, hot-water pretreated, and acid pretreated biomass, respectively.
25461003	1	50	theme	extract	261:267	arg1	production					230:239	the production	226:239	the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas	226:293	Nizimuddinia zanardini macroalgae, harvested from Persian Gulf, was chemically characterized and employed for the production of ethanol, seaweed extract, alginic acid, and biogas.
27431479	5	0	theme	nsPEF	874:878	arg1	"					869:869	the "dose"	860:869	the "dose" of nsPEF required to induce lethality	860:907	Additionally, cholesterol depletion concurrently decreases the "dose" of nsPEF required to induce lethality.
27431479	1	1	theme	nanopore	162:169	arg1	formation					171:179	nanopore formation	162:179	nanopore formation	162:179	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	0	2	theme	plasma	86:91	arg1	cholesterol					102:112	plasma membrane cholesterol	86:112	plasma membrane cholesterol	86:112	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	3	3	theme	physical	492:499	arg1	content					572:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	3	3	theme	physical	492:499	arg1	properties					501:510	the physical properties	488:510	the physical properties	488:510	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	3	4	theme	plasma	519:524	arg1	PM					536:537	PM	536:537	PM	536:537	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	3	4	theme	plasma	519:524	arg1	membrane					526:533	the plasma membrane	515:533	the plasma membrane (PM)	515:538	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	4	5	theme	small	716:720	arg1	molecules					722:730	small molecules	716:730	small molecules	716:730	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	4	5	theme	small	716:720	arg1	calcium					764:770	calcium	764:770	calcium	764:770	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	4	5	theme	small	716:720	arg1	iodide					753:758	propidium iodide	743:758	propidium iodide	743:758	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	3	6	theme	membrane	526:533	arg1	content					572:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	3	6	theme	membrane	526:533	arg1	properties					501:510	the physical properties	488:510	the physical properties	488:510	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	6	7	theme	study	949:953	arg1	results					926:932	the results	922:932	the results of the current study	922:953	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	5	8	theme	cholesterol	815:825	arg1	depletion					827:835	cholesterol depletion	815:835	cholesterol depletion	815:835	Additionally, cholesterol depletion concurrently decreases the "dose" of nsPEF required to induce lethality.
27431479	1	9	from	laboratory	138:147	arg1	work					124:127	Previous work	115:127	Previous work from our laboratory	115:147	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	4	10	theme	cholesterol	645:655	arg1	depletion					623:631	depletion	623:631	depletion of membrane cholesterol	623:655	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	0	11	theme	membrane	93:100	arg1	cholesterol					102:112	plasma membrane cholesterol	86:112	plasma membrane cholesterol	86:112	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	4	12	theme	propidium	743:751	arg1	iodide					753:758	propidium iodide	743:758	propidium iodide	743:758	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	0	13	theme	biological	4:13	arg1	response					15:22	The biological response	0:22	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields	0:68	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	0	13	theme	biological	4:13	arg1	dependent					73:81	dependent	73:81	dependent	73:81	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	6	14	theme	cellular	1034:1041	arg1	response					1043:1050	the cellular response	1030:1050	the cellular response to nsPEF	1030:1059	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	1	15	theme	cell	184:187	arg1	membranes					189:197	cell membranes	184:197	cell membranes	184:197	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	6	16	theme	current	941:947	arg1	study					949:953	the current study	937:953	the current study	937:953	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	4	17	theme	cells	707:711	arg1	permeability					691:702	the permeability	687:702	the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF	687:798	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	2	18	theme	cells	376:380	arg1	lines					382:386	multiple cells lines	367:386	multiple cells lines	367:386	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	6	19	from	determinant	1015:1025	arg1	response					1043:1050	the cellular response	1030:1050	the cellular response to nsPEF	1030:1059	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	2	20	theme	24h	346:348	arg1	lethality					350:358	24h lethality	346:358	24h lethality	346:358	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	3	21	theme	cells	457:461	arg1	response					445:452	the biological response	430:452	the biological response of cells to nsPEF	430:470	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	3	21	theme	cells	457:461	arg1	dependent					475:483	dependent	475:483	dependent	475:483	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	6	22	theme	important	1005:1013	arg1	determinant					1015:1025	an important determinant	1002:1025	an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF	1002:1059	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	6	22	theme	important	1005:1013	arg1	composition					987:997	the PM cholesterol composition	968:997	the PM cholesterol composition	968:997	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	3	23	theme	cholesterol	560:570	arg1	content					572:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	4	24	theme	membrane	636:643	arg1	cholesterol					645:655	membrane cholesterol	636:655	membrane cholesterol	636:655	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	3	25	theme	biological	434:443	arg1	response					445:452	the biological response	430:452	the biological response of cells to nsPEF	430:470	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	3	25	theme	biological	434:443	arg1	dependent					475:483	dependent	475:483	dependent	475:483	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	0	26	theme	cells	27:31	arg1	response					15:22	The biological response	0:22	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields	0:68	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	0	26	theme	cells	27:31	arg1	dependent					73:81	dependent	73:81	dependent	73:81	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	4	27	theme	fewer	788:792	arg1	nsPEF					794:798	fewer nsPEF	788:798	fewer nsPEF	788:798	Results presented in this paper show that depletion of membrane cholesterol disrupts the PM and increases the permeability of cells to small molecules, including propidium iodide and calcium occurring after fewer nsPEF.
27431479	1	28	theme	nanosecond	221:230	arg1	fields					248:253	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	221:253	nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF)	221:261	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	1	28	theme	nanosecond	221:230	arg1	nsPEF					256:260	nsPEF	256:260	nsPEF	256:260	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	0	29	theme	pulsed	47:52	arg1	fields					63:68	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	36:68	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	36:68	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	0	30	theme	nanosecond	36:45	arg1	fields					63:68	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	36:68	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	36:68	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	3	31	theme	regional	551:558	arg1	content					572:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	regional cholesterol content	551:578	Based on these data, we hypothesize that the biological response of cells to nsPEF is dependent on the physical properties of the plasma membrane (PM), including regional cholesterol content.
27431479	1	32	theme	Previous	115:122	arg1	work					124:127	Previous work	115:127	Previous work from our laboratory	115:147	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	2	33	from	differences	276:286	arg1	injury					335:340	acute membrane injury	320:340	acute membrane injury	320:340	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	2	33	from	differences	276:286	arg1	lethality					350:358	24h lethality	346:358	24h lethality	346:358	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	2	33	from	differences	276:286	arg1	sensitivity					291:301	sensitivity	291:301	sensitivity to nsPEF	291:310	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	2	34	theme	membrane	326:333	arg1	injury					335:340	acute membrane injury	320:340	acute membrane injury	320:340	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	5	35	theme	dose	865:868	arg1	"					869:869	the "dose"	860:869	the "dose" of nsPEF required to induce lethality	860:907	Additionally, cholesterol depletion concurrently decreases the "dose" of nsPEF required to induce lethality.
27431479	1	36	theme	pulsed	232:237	arg1	fields					248:253	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	221:253	nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF)	221:261	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	1	36	theme	pulsed	232:237	arg1	nsPEF					256:260	nsPEF	256:260	nsPEF	256:260	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	2	37	theme	acute	320:324	arg1	injury					335:340	acute membrane injury	320:340	acute membrane injury	320:340	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	1	38	theme	electric	239:246	arg1	fields					248:253	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	221:253	nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF)	221:261	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	1	38	theme	electric	239:246	arg1	nsPEF					256:260	nsPEF	256:260	nsPEF	256:260	Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated nanopore formation in cell membranes following exposure to nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF).
27431479	2	39	theme	multiple	367:374	arg1	lines					382:386	multiple cells lines	367:386	multiple cells lines	367:386	We observed differences in sensitivity to nsPEF in both acute membrane injury and 24h lethality across multiple cells lines.
27431479	6	40	theme	cholesterol	975:985	arg1	determinant					1015:1025	an important determinant	1002:1025	an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF	1002:1059	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	6	40	theme	cholesterol	975:985	arg1	composition					987:997	the PM cholesterol composition	968:997	the PM cholesterol composition	968:997	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	0	41	theme	electric	54:61	arg1	fields					63:68	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	36:68	nanosecond pulsed electric fields	36:68	The biological response of cells to nanosecond pulsed electric fields is dependent on plasma membrane cholesterol.
27431479	6	42	theme	PM	972:973	arg1	determinant					1015:1025	an important determinant	1002:1025	an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF	1002:1059	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
27431479	6	42	theme	PM	972:973	arg1	composition					987:997	the PM cholesterol composition	968:997	the PM cholesterol composition	968:997	In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the PM cholesterol composition is an important determinant in the cellular response to nsPEF.
26413078	0	0	theme	conditions	90:99	arg1	optimization					66:77	optimization	66:77	optimization of culture conditions	66:99	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation associated with optimization of culture conditions.
26413078	5	1	theme	inulinase	711:719	arg1	production					721:730	the inulinase production	707:730	the inulinase production of stain E12	707:743	Sequential methodology was used to optimize the inulinase production of stain E12.
26413078	7	2	theme	composite	971:979	arg1	experiments					988:998	central composite design experiments	963:998	central composite design experiments	963:998	These significant factors were further optimized by central composite design experiments and response surface methodology.
26413078	9	3	theme	culture	1502:1508	arg1	medium					1510:1515	basal culture medium	1496:1515	basal culture medium	1496:1515	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions was approximately 1.4-fold of that obtained by using basal culture medium.
26413078	0	4	theme	culture	82:88	arg1	conditions					90:99	culture conditions	82:99	culture conditions	82:99	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation associated with optimization of culture conditions.
26413078	5	5	used	used	690:693	arg2	methodology					674:684	Sequential methodology	663:684	Sequential methodology	663:684	Sequential methodology was used to optimize the inulinase production of stain E12.
26413078	1	6	theme	Jerusalem	174:182	arg1	artichoke					184:192	Jerusalem artichoke	174:192	Jerusalem artichoke	174:192	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	7	from	flasks	1318:1323	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	8	attach	isolated	139:146	arg2	strain					128:133	A new inulinase-producing strain	102:133	A new inulinase-producing strain	102:133	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	1	8	attach	isolated	139:146	arg1	soils					165:169	rhizosphere soils	153:169	rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China)	153:233	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	9	theme	mL	1299:1300	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	4	10	theme	parental	604:611	arg1	strain					613:618	the parental strain	600:618	the parental strain	600:618	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	8	11	theme	optimized	1133:1141	arg1	conditions					1143:1152	the optimized conditions	1129:1152	the optimized conditions	1129:1152	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	6	12	theme	screening	748:756	arg1	trial					758:762	A screening trial	746:762	A screening trial	746:762	A screening trial was first performed using Plackett-Burman design and variables with statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production were identified.
26413078	4	13	theme	culture	654:660	arg1	supernatant					627:637	the supernatant	623:637	the supernatant of a submerged culture	623:660	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	8	14	from	concentration	1248:1260	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	15	theme	250-mL	1305:1310	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	16	theme	artichoke	184:192	arg1	soils					165:169	rhizosphere soils	153:169	rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China)	153:233	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	6	17	from	effects	858:864	arg1	bio-production					879:892	inulinase bio-production	869:892	inulinase bio-production	869:892	A screening trial was first performed using Plackett-Burman design and variables with statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production were identified.
26413078	6	18	theme	significant	846:856	arg1	effects					858:864	statistically significant effects	832:864	statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production	832:892	A screening trial was first performed using Plackett-Burman design and variables with statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production were identified.
26413078	10	19	theme	potential	1561:1569	arg1	application					1582:1592	the potential industrial application	1557:1592	the potential industrial application of the mutant E12	1557:1610	These findings are of significance for the potential industrial application of the mutant E12.
26413078	7	20	theme	significant	917:927	arg1	factors					929:935	These significant factors	911:935	These significant factors	911:935	These significant factors were further optimized by central composite design experiments and response surface methodology.
26413078	9	21	theme	optimized	1414:1422	arg1	conditions					1432:1441	optimized culture conditions	1414:1441	optimized culture conditions	1414:1441	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions was approximately 1.4-fold of that obtained by using basal culture medium.
26413078	10	22	theme	industrial	1571:1580	arg1	application					1582:1592	the potential industrial application	1557:1592	the potential industrial application of the mutant E12	1557:1610	These findings are of significance for the potential industrial application of the mutant E12.
26413078	0	23	theme	inulinase	10:18	arg1	yield					20:24	Enhancing inulinase yield	0:24	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation	0:48	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation associated with optimization of culture conditions.
26413078	8	24	from	concentration	1183:1195	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	25	from	volume	1284:1289	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	9	26	theme	basal	1496:1500	arg1	medium					1510:1515	basal culture medium	1496:1515	basal culture medium	1496:1515	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions was approximately 1.4-fold of that obtained by using basal culture medium.
26413078	8	27	from	speed	1336:1340	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	2	28	theme	rRNA	364:367	arg1	analysis					348:355	analysis	348:355	analysis of 16S rRNA	348:367	It was identified as an Aspergillus niger strain by analysis of 16S rRNA.
26413078	0	29	theme	Enhancing	0:8	arg1	yield					20:24	Enhancing inulinase yield	0:24	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation	0:48	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation associated with optimization of culture conditions.
26413078	8	30	theme	JAP	1209:1211	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	31	theme	shake	1312:1316	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	32	from	time	1371:1374	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	2	33	theme	16S	360:362	arg1	rRNA					364:367	16S rRNA	360:367	16S rRNA	360:367	It was identified as an Aspergillus niger strain by analysis of 16S rRNA.
26413078	8	34	theme	extract	1175:1181	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	35	theme	sole	276:279	arg1	source					288:293	sole carbon source	276:293	sole carbon source	276:293	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	8	36	theme	inulinase	1073:1081	arg1	production					1083:1092	the maximum inulinase production	1061:1092	the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL)	1061:1103	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	36	theme	inulinase	1073:1081	arg1	U/mL					1099:1102	185 U/mL	1095:1102	185 U/mL	1095:1102	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	37	theme	new	104:106	arg1	strain					128:133	A new inulinase-producing strain	102:133	A new inulinase-producing strain	102:133	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	6	38	theme	inulinase	869:877	arg1	bio-production					879:892	inulinase bio-production	869:892	inulinase bio-production	869:892	A screening trial was first performed using Plackett-Burman design and variables with statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production were identified.
26413078	8	39	theme	yeast	1169:1173	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	40	theme	carbon	281:286	arg1	source					288:293	sole carbon source	276:293	sole carbon source	276:293	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	8	41	theme	maximum	1065:1071	arg1	production					1083:1092	the maximum inulinase production	1061:1092	the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL)	1061:1103	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	41	theme	maximum	1065:1071	arg1	U/mL					1099:1102	185 U/mL	1095:1102	185 U/mL	1095:1102	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	42	theme	inulinase-producing	108:126	arg1	strain					128:133	A new inulinase-producing strain	102:133	A new inulinase-producing strain	102:133	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	8	43	theme	solution	1275:1282	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	44	from	pH	1161:1162	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	3	45	theme	Co	459:460	arg1	γ-irradiation					462:474	(60)Co γ-irradiation	455:474	(60)Co γ-irradiation	455:474	To improve inulinase production, this fungus was subjected to mutagenesis induced by (60)Co γ-irradiation.
26413078	10	46	theme	E12	1608:1610	arg1	application					1582:1592	the potential industrial application	1557:1592	the potential industrial application of the mutant E12	1557:1610	These findings are of significance for the potential industrial application of the mutant E12.
26413078	5	47	theme	Sequential	663:672	arg1	methodology					674:684	Sequential methodology	663:684	Sequential methodology	663:684	Sequential methodology was used to optimize the inulinase production of stain E12.
26413078	6	48	with	variables	817:825	arg1	effects					858:864	statistically significant effects	832:864	statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production	832:892	A screening trial was first performed using Plackett-Burman design and variables with statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production were identified.
26413078	8	49	theme	peptone	1240:1246	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	0	50	theme	irradiation	29:39	arg1	mutation					41:48	irradiation mutation	29:48	irradiation mutation	29:48	Enhancing inulinase yield by irradiation mutation associated with optimization of culture conditions.
26413078	5	51	theme	stain	735:739	arg1	E12					741:743	stain E12	735:743	stain E12	735:743	Sequential methodology was used to optimize the inulinase production of stain E12.
26413078	4	52	theme	submerged	644:652	arg1	culture					654:660	a submerged culture	642:660	a submerged culture	642:660	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	7	53	theme	surface	1013:1019	arg1	methodology					1021:1031	response surface methodology	1004:1031	response surface methodology	1004:1031	These significant factors were further optimized by central composite design experiments and response surface methodology.
26413078	9	54	theme	inulinase	1398:1406	arg1	yield					1389:1393	The yield	1385:1393	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions	1385:1441	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions was approximately 1.4-fold of that obtained by using basal culture medium.
26413078	9	54	theme	inulinase	1398:1406	arg1	1.4-fold					1461:1468	1.4-fold	1461:1468	1.4-fold	1461:1468	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions was approximately 1.4-fold of that obtained by using basal culture medium.
26413078	5	55	theme	E12	741:743	arg1	production					721:730	the inulinase production	707:730	the inulinase production of stain E12	707:743	Sequential methodology was used to optimize the inulinase production of stain E12.
26413078	4	56	theme	stable	491:496	arg1	mutant					498:503	A genetically stable mutant	477:503	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12)	477:520	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	4	56	theme	stable	491:496	arg1	E12					517:519	designated E12	506:519	designated E12	506:519	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	57	theme	h	1382:1382	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	58	theme	rpm	1349:1351	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	59	from	concentration	1213:1225	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	2	60	theme	niger	332:336	arg1	It					296:297	It	296:297	It	296:297	It was identified as an Aspergillus niger strain by analysis of 16S rRNA.
26413078	2	60	theme	niger	332:336	arg1	strain					338:343	an Aspergillus niger strain	317:343	an Aspergillus niger strain	317:343	It was identified as an Aspergillus niger strain by analysis of 16S rRNA.
26413078	3	61	theme	inulinase	381:389	arg1	production					391:400	inulinase production	381:400	inulinase production	381:400	To improve inulinase production, this fungus was subjected to mutagenesis induced by (60)Co γ-irradiation.
26413078	4	62	theme	designated	506:515	arg1	mutant					498:503	A genetically stable mutant	477:503	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12)	477:520	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	4	62	theme	designated	506:515	arg1	E12					517:519	designated E12	506:519	designated E12	506:519	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	9	63	theme	culture	1424:1430	arg1	conditions					1432:1441	optimized culture conditions	1414:1441	optimized culture conditions	1414:1441	The yield of inulinase under optimized culture conditions was approximately 1.4-fold of that obtained by using basal culture medium.
26413078	6	64	theme	Plackett-Burman	790:804	arg1	design					806:811	Plackett-Burman design	790:811	Plackett-Burman design	790:811	A screening trial was first performed using Plackett-Burman design and variables with statistically significant effects on inulinase bio-production were identified.
26413078	2	65	theme	Aspergillus	320:330	arg1	It					296:297	It	296:297	It	296:297	It was identified as an Aspergillus niger strain by analysis of 16S rRNA.
26413078	2	65	theme	Aspergillus	320:330	arg1	strain					338:343	an Aspergillus niger strain	317:343	an Aspergillus niger strain	317:343	It was identified as an Aspergillus niger strain by analysis of 16S rRNA.
26413078	7	66	theme	response	1004:1011	arg1	methodology					1021:1031	response surface methodology	1004:1031	response surface methodology	1004:1031	These significant factors were further optimized by central composite design experiments and response surface methodology.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	67	theme	g/L	1270:1272	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	68	theme	agitation	1326:1334	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	4	69	theme	inulinase	565:573	arg1	activity					575:582	2.7-fold higher inulinase activity	549:582	2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL)	549:593	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	4	69	theme	inulinase	565:573	arg1	U/mL					589:592	128 U/mL	585:592	128 U/mL	585:592	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	7	70	theme	design	981:986	arg1	experiments					988:998	central composite design experiments	963:998	central composite design experiments	963:998	These significant factors were further optimized by central composite design experiments and response surface methodology.
26413078	8	71	from	mL	1299:1300	arg1	flasks					1318:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	250-mL shake flasks	1305:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	4	72	theme	higher	558:563	arg1	activity					575:582	2.7-fold higher inulinase activity	549:582	2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL)	549:593	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	4	72	theme	higher	558:563	arg1	U/mL					589:592	128 U/mL	585:592	128 U/mL	585:592	A genetically stable mutant (designated E12) was obtained and it showed 2.7-fold higher inulinase activity (128 U/mL) than the parental strain in the supernatant of a submerged culture.
26413078	10	73	theme	mutant	1601:1606	arg1	E12					1608:1610	the mutant E12	1597:1610	the mutant E12	1597:1610	These findings are of significance for the potential industrial application of the mutant E12.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	74	theme	g/L	1235:1237	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	1	75	theme	rhizosphere	153:163	arg1	soils					165:169	rhizosphere soils	153:169	rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China)	153:233	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	1	76	theme	Jerusalem	241:249	arg1	JAP					268:270	JAP	268:270	JAP	268:270	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	1	76	theme	Jerusalem	241:249	arg1	power					261:265	Jerusalem artichoke power	241:265	Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP)	241:271	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	volume					1284:1289	solution volume	1275:1289	solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks	1275:1323	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	concentration					1213:1225	JAP concentration	1209:1225	JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L	1209:1237	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	concentration					1248:1260	peptone concentration	1240:1260	peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L	1240:1272	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	concentration					1183:1195	yeast extract concentration	1169:1195	yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L	1169:1206	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	pH					1161:1162	pH 7.0	1161:1166	pH 7.0	1161:1166	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	77	theme	g/L	1204:1206	arg1	speed					1336:1340	agitation speed	1326:1340	agitation speed of 180 rpm	1326:1351	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	8	78	theme	fermentation	1358:1369	arg1	time					1371:1374	fermentation time	1358:1374	fermentation time of 60 h	1358:1382	Finally, it was found that the maximum inulinase production (185 U/mL) could be achieved under the optimized conditions namely pH 7.0, yeast extract concentration of 5.0 g/L, JAP concentration of 66.5 g/L, peptone concentration of 29.1 g/L, solution volume of 49.4 mL in 250-mL shake flasks, agitation speed of 180 rpm, and fermentation time of 60 h.
26413078	7	79	theme	central	963:969	arg1	experiments					988:998	central composite design experiments	963:998	central composite design experiments	963:998	These significant factors were further optimized by central composite design experiments and response surface methodology.
26413078	1	80	theme	artichoke	251:259	arg1	JAP					268:270	JAP	268:270	JAP	268:270	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
26413078	1	80	theme	artichoke	251:259	arg1	power					261:265	Jerusalem artichoke power	241:265	Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP)	241:271	A new inulinase-producing strain was isolated from rhizosphere soils of Jerusalem artichoke collected from Shihezi (Xinjiang, China) using Jerusalem artichoke power (JAP) as sole carbon source.
25596861	0	0	theme	reduced	96:102	arg1	effects					5:11	Dual effects	0:11	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.	0:116	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	0	theme	reduced	96:102	arg1	cytotoxicity					104:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	4	1	theme	AgNPs	666:670	arg1	cytotoxicity					646:657	The cytotoxicity	642:657	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells	642:690	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	2	theme	HaCat	680:684	arg1	cells					686:690	HaCat cells	680:690	HaCat cells	680:690	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	6	3	theme	AgNPs	1084:1088	arg1	toxicity					1072:1079	toxicity	1072:1079	toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell	1072:1115	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	4	4	theme	reactive	750:757	arg1	species					766:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	3	5	theme	Biofilm	397:403	arg1	formation					405:413	Biofilm formation	397:413	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498	397:453	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	4	6	theme	intracellular	736:748	arg1	species					766:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	1	7	theme	synthesis	146:154	arg1	mode					138:141	mode	138:141	mode	138:141	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25596861	1	7	theme	synthesis	146:154	arg1	composition					122:132	composition	122:132	composition	122:132	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25596861	3	8	theme	capped	526:531	arg1	Ag-20CD					552:558	Ag-20CD	552:558	Ag-20CD	552:558	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	8	theme	capped	526:531	arg1	Ag-10CD					540:546	Ag-10CD	540:546	Ag-10CD	540:546	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	8	theme	capped	526:531	arg1	AgNPs					533:537	native and capped AgNPs	515:537	native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD)	515:559	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	9	theme	41498	449:453	arg1	formation					405:413	Biofilm formation	397:413	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498	397:453	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	5	10	dep	S.	907:908	arg1	epidermidis					910:920	epidermidis	910:920	epidermidis	910:920	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	11	theme	AgNPs	533:537	arg1	presence					503:510	the presence	499:510	the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD)	499:559	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	5	12	theme	capping	851:857	arg1	AgNPs					859:863	capping AgNPs	851:863	capping AgNPs with β-CD	851:873	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	4	13	from	increase	724:731	arg1	potential					811:819	mitochondrial membrane potential	788:819	mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm)	788:825	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	13	from	increase	724:731	arg1	ΔΨm					822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	13	from	increase	724:731	arg1	species					766:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	2	14	theme	silver	317:322	arg1	AgNPs					339:343	AgNPs	339:343	AgNPs	339:343	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	2	14	theme	silver	317:322	arg1	nanoparticles					324:336	silver nanoparticles	317:336	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)	288:344	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	15	theme	Dual	0:3	arg1	effects					5:11	Dual effects	0:11	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.	0:116	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	15	theme	Dual	0:3	arg1	cytotoxicity					104:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	15	theme	Dual	0:3	arg1	inhibition					81:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	16	dep	Staphylococcus	418:431	arg1	epidermidis					433:443	epidermidis	433:443	epidermidis	433:443	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	2	17	theme	capped	310:315	arg1	AgNPs					339:343	AgNPs	339:343	AgNPs	339:343	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	2	17	theme	capped	310:315	arg1	nanoparticles					324:336	silver nanoparticles	317:336	β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)	288:344	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	18	theme	CSF	445:447	arg1	41498					449:453	Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498	418:453	Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498	418:453	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	0	19	theme	β-cyclodextrin-stabilised	16:40	arg1	nanoparticles					49:61	β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles	16:61	β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles	16:61	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	4	20	theme	mitochondrial	788:800	arg1	potential					811:819	mitochondrial membrane potential	788:819	mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm)	788:825	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	20	theme	mitochondrial	788:800	arg1	ΔΨm					822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	5	21	theme	CSF	922:924	arg1	41498					926:930	S. epidermidis CSF 41498	907:930	S. epidermidis CSF 41498	907:930	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	5	22	theme	reduced	933:939	arg1	formation					949:957	reduced biofilm formation	933:957	reduced biofilm formation	933:957	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	6	23	theme	stabilising	1041:1051	arg1	β-CD					1008:1011	β-CD	1008:1011	β-CD	1008:1011	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	6	23	theme	stabilising	1041:1051	arg1	agent					1053:1057	an effective capping and stabilising agent	1016:1057	an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity	1016:1158	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	6	24	theme	mammalian	1102:1110	arg1	cell					1112:1115	the mammalian cell	1098:1115	the mammalian cell	1098:1115	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	3	25	theme	electron	621:628	arg1	microscope					630:639	scanning electron microscope	612:639	scanning electron microscope	612:639	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	5	26	theme	biofilm	941:947	arg1	formation					949:957	reduced biofilm formation	933:957	reduced biofilm formation	933:957	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	27	theme	crystal	475:481	arg1	assay					490:494	a crystal violet assay	473:494	a crystal violet assay	473:494	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	0	28	theme	nanoparticles	49:61	arg1	effects					5:11	Dual effects	0:11	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.	0:116	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	28	theme	nanoparticles	49:61	arg1	cytotoxicity					104:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	28	theme	nanoparticles	49:61	arg1	inhibition					81:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	5	29	theme	S.	907:908	arg1	41498					926:930	S. epidermidis CSF 41498	907:930	S. epidermidis CSF 41498	907:930	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	6	30	theme	capping	1029:1035	arg1	β-CD					1008:1011	β-CD	1008:1011	β-CD	1008:1011	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	6	30	theme	capping	1029:1035	arg1	agent					1053:1057	an effective capping and stabilising agent	1016:1057	an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity	1016:1158	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	0	31	theme	silver	42:47	arg1	nanoparticles					49:61	β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles	16:61	β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles	16:61	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	32	theme	Staphylococcus	418:431	arg1	41498					449:453	Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498	418:453	Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498	418:453	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	4	33	theme	membrane	802:809	arg1	potential					811:819	mitochondrial membrane potential	788:819	mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm)	788:825	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	33	theme	membrane	802:809	arg1	ΔΨm					822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	1	34	theme	human	221:225	arg1	cells					227:231	human cells	221:231	human cells	221:231	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25596861	0	35	theme	enhanced	64:71	arg1	inhibition					81:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	35	theme	enhanced	64:71	arg1	effects					5:11	Dual effects	0:11	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.	0:116	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	5	36	with	AgNPs	859:863	arg1	β-CD					870:873	β-CD	870:873	β-CD	870:873	Results indicated that capping AgNPs with β-CD improved their efficacy against S. epidermidis CSF 41498, reduced biofilm formation and their cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	37	theme	scanning	612:619	arg1	microscope					630:639	scanning electron microscope	612:639	scanning electron microscope	612:639	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	2	38	theme	biofilm	357:363	arg1	growth					365:370	biofilm growth	357:370	biofilm growth	357:370	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	1	39	with	interaction	190:200	arg1	bacterial					207:215	bacterial	207:215	bacterial	207:215	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25596861	1	39	with	interaction	190:200	arg1	cells					227:231	human cells	221:231	human cells	221:231	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25596861	1	40	theme	nanoparticles	159:171	arg1	synthesis					146:154	synthesis	146:154	synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs)	146:177	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25596861	3	41	dep	AgNPs	533:537	arg1	Ag-20CD					552:558	Ag-20CD	552:558	Ag-20CD	552:558	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	41	dep	AgNPs	533:537	arg1	Ag-10CD					540:546	Ag-10CD	540:546	Ag-10CD	540:546	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	41	dep	AgNPs	533:537	arg1	AgNPs					533:537	native and capped AgNPs	515:537	native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD)	515:559	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	42	theme	biofilm	588:594	arg1	morphology					570:579	the morphology	566:579	the morphology of the biofilm	566:594	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	43	theme	violet	483:488	arg1	assay					490:494	a crystal violet assay	473:494	a crystal violet assay	473:494	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	6	44	theme	antibiofilm	1139:1149	arg1	activity					1151:1158	their antibiofilm activity	1133:1158	their antibiofilm activity	1133:1158	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	4	45	theme	oxygen	759:764	arg1	species					766:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	2	46	theme	nanoparticles	324:336	arg1	ability					277:283	the ability	273:283	the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity	273:394	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	6	47	theme	effective	1019:1027	arg1	β-CD					1008:1011	β-CD	1008:1011	β-CD	1008:1011	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	6	47	theme	effective	1019:1027	arg1	agent					1053:1057	an effective capping and stabilising agent	1016:1057	an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity	1016:1158	The study concluded that β-CD is an effective capping and stabilising agent that reduces toxicity of AgNPs against the mammalian cell while enhancing their antibiofilm activity.
25596861	0	48	dep	effects	5:11	arg1	inhibition					81:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	48	dep	effects	5:11	arg1	cytotoxicity					104:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	reduced cytotoxicity	96:115	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	48	dep	effects	5:11	arg1	effects					5:11	Dual effects	0:11	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.	0:116	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	3	49	theme	native	515:520	arg1	Ag-20CD					552:558	Ag-20CD	552:558	Ag-20CD	552:558	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	49	theme	native	515:520	arg1	Ag-10CD					540:546	Ag-10CD	540:546	Ag-10CD	540:546	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	3	49	theme	native	515:520	arg1	AgNPs					533:537	native and capped AgNPs	515:537	native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD)	515:559	Biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis CSF 41498 was quantified by a crystal violet assay in the presence of native and capped AgNPs (Ag-10CD and Ag-20CD), and the morphology of the biofilm was observed by scanning electron microscope.
25596861	0	50	theme	biofilm	73:79	arg1	inhibition					81:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	enhanced biofilm inhibition	64:90	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	0	50	theme	biofilm	73:79	arg1	effects					5:11	Dual effects	0:11	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.	0:116	Dual effects of β-cyclodextrin-stabilised silver nanoparticles: enhanced biofilm inhibition and reduced cytotoxicity.
25596861	2	51	theme	present	250:256	arg1	work					258:261	The present work	246:261	The present work	246:261	The present work describes the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to inhibit biofilm growth and reduce cytotoxicity.
25596861	4	52	from	change	778:783	arg1	potential					811:819	mitochondrial membrane potential	788:819	mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm)	788:825	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	52	from	change	778:783	arg1	ΔΨm					822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	ΔΨm	822:824	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	4	52	from	change	778:783	arg1	species					766:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	intracellular reactive oxygen species	736:772	The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs against HaCat cells was determined by measuring the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species and change in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm).
25596861	1	53	dep	composition	122:132	arg1	The					118:120	The	118:120	The	118:120	The composition and mode of synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) can affect interaction with bacterial and human cells differently.
25413793	2	0	theme	carbon	508:513	arg1	CPE					532:534	CPE	532:534	CPE	532:534	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	2	0	theme	carbon	508:513	arg1	electrode					521:529	carbon paste electrode	508:529	carbon paste electrode (CPE)	508:535	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	8	1	from	determination	1174:1186	arg1	samples					1212:1218	tea leaf samples	1203:1218	tea leaf samples	1203:1218	The fabricated biosensor could be applied for determination of catechol in tea leaf samples.
25413793	8	2	theme	leaf	1207:1210	arg1	samples					1212:1218	tea leaf samples	1203:1218	tea leaf samples	1203:1218	The fabricated biosensor could be applied for determination of catechol in tea leaf samples.
25413793	7	3	theme	apparent	1064:1071	arg1	μM					1124:1125	1.092 μM	1118:1125	1.092 μM	1118:1125	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	7	3	theme	apparent	1064:1071	arg1	Michaelis-Menten					1073:1088	The apparent Michaelis-Menten	1060:1088	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app))	1060:1100	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	8	4	theme	fabricated	1132:1141	arg1	biosensor					1143:1151	The fabricated biosensor	1128:1151	The fabricated biosensor	1128:1151	The fabricated biosensor could be applied for determination of catechol in tea leaf samples.
25413793	5	5	theme	linear	912:917	arg1	range					933:937	a linear concentration range	910:937	a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM	910:955	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	7	6	theme	1.092	1118:1122	arg1	μM					1124:1125	1.092 μM	1118:1125	1.092 μM	1118:1125	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	7	6	theme	1.092	1118:1122	arg1	Michaelis-Menten					1073:1088	The apparent Michaelis-Menten	1060:1088	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app))	1060:1100	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	5	7	theme	μM	986:987	arg1	catechol					896:903	catechol	896:903	catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM	896:955	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	5	7	theme	μM	986:987	arg1	limit					973:977	a detection limit	961:977	a detection limit of 0.4 μM	961:987	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	5	8	with	catechol	896:903	arg1	range					933:937	a linear concentration range	910:937	a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM	910:955	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	3	9	theme	cyclic	680:685	arg1	CV					700:701	CV	700:701	CV	700:701	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	3	9	theme	cyclic	680:685	arg1	voltammetry					687:697	cyclic voltammetry	680:697	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	680:702	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	5	10	theme	detection	963:971	arg1	limit					973:977	a detection limit	961:977	a detection limit of 0.4 μM	961:987	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	4	11	theme	biocomposite	749:760	arg1	composition					762:772	biocomposite composition	749:772	biocomposite composition	749:772	The biosensor was optimized with respect to biocomposite composition, enzyme loading, and solution pH by amperometry method.
25413793	2	12	from	electrodeposition	472:488	arg1	surface					497:503	the surface	493:503	the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE)	493:535	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	4	13	theme	enzyme	775:780	arg1	loading					782:788	enzyme loading	775:788	enzyme loading	775:788	The biosensor was optimized with respect to biocomposite composition, enzyme loading, and solution pH by amperometry method.
25413793	5	14	theme	noticeable	854:863	arg1	ability					881:887	noticeable eletrocatalytic ability	854:887	noticeable eletrocatalytic ability	854:887	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	0	15	theme	catechol	139:146	arg1	determination					122:134	determination	122:134	determination of catechol in tea	122:153	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	3	16	theme	formed	542:547	arg1	layer					549:553	The formed layer	538:553	The formed layer of biocomposite	538:569	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	1	17	theme	new	187:189	arg1	biosensor					191:199	a new biosensor	185:199	a new biosensor based on laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile	185:248	In the present study, a new biosensor based on laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile was developed for catechol.
25413793	2	18	theme	one-step	463:470	arg1	electrodeposition					472:488	a one-step electrodeposition	461:488	a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE)	461:535	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	0	19	theme	paste	102:106	arg1	electrode					108:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	2	20	dep	PANI	364:367	arg1	/chitosan					369:377	/chitosan	369:377	Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)	345:382	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	2	20	dep	PANI	364:367	arg1	CS					380:381	CS	380:381	CS	380:381	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	2	21	theme	matrix	398:403	arg1	film					405:408	the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film	313:408	the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents	313:456	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	7	22	dep	Michaelis-Menten	1073:1088	arg1	app					1096:1098	app	1096:1098	app	1096:1098	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	7	22	dep	Michaelis-Menten	1073:1088	arg1	M					1093:1093	K M	1091:1093	K M (app)	1091:1099	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	4	23	theme	solution	795:802	arg1	pH					804:805	solution pH	795:805	solution pH	795:805	The biosensor was optimized with respect to biocomposite composition, enzyme loading, and solution pH by amperometry method.
25413793	4	24	theme	amperometry	810:820	arg1	method					822:827	amperometry method	810:827	amperometry method	810:827	The biosensor was optimized with respect to biocomposite composition, enzyme loading, and solution pH by amperometry method.
25413793	3	25	theme	biocomposite	558:569	arg1	layer					549:553	The formed layer	538:553	The formed layer of biocomposite	538:569	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	2	26	theme	cross-linking	435:447	arg1	reagents					449:456	other cross-linking reagents	429:456	other cross-linking reagents	429:456	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	0	27	theme	amperometric	6:17	arg1	biosensor					19:27	A new amperometric biosensor	0:27	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea	0:153	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	2	28	theme	Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan	317:342	arg1	film					405:408	the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film	313:408	the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents	313:456	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	2	29	theme	other	429:433	arg1	reagents					449:456	other cross-linking reagents	429:456	other cross-linking reagents	429:456	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	5	30	with	limit	973:977	arg1	range					933:937	a linear concentration range	910:937	a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM	910:955	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	7	31	theme	K	1091:1091	arg1	app					1096:1098	app	1096:1098	app	1096:1098	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	7	31	theme	K	1091:1091	arg1	M					1093:1093	K M	1091:1093	K M (app)	1091:1099	The apparent Michaelis-Menten (K M (app)) was found to be 1.092 μM.
25413793	3	32	theme	impedance	646:654	arg1	EIS					670:672	EIS	670:672	EIS	670:672	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	3	32	theme	impedance	646:654	arg1	spectroscopy					656:667	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	630:667	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	630:673	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	1	33	theme	Paraconiothyrium	223:238	arg1	variabile					240:248	Paraconiothyrium variabile	223:248	Paraconiothyrium variabile	223:248	In the present study, a new biosensor based on laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile was developed for catechol.
25413793	0	34	theme	biocomposite-modified	73:93	arg1	electrode					108:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	0	35	theme	carbon	95:100	arg1	electrode					108:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	3	36	theme	scanning	594:601	arg1	microscopy					612:621	scanning electron microscopy	594:621	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	594:627	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	3	36	theme	scanning	594:601	arg1	SEM					624:626	SEM	624:626	SEM	624:626	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	5	37	theme	concentration	919:931	arg1	range					933:937	a linear concentration range	910:937	a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM	910:955	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	0	38	theme	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan	38:71	arg1	electrode					108:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode	38:116	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	5	39	dep	80	951:952	arg1	to					948:949	to	948:949	to	948:949	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	3	40	theme	electron	603:610	arg1	microscopy					612:621	scanning electron microscopy	594:621	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	594:627	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	3	40	theme	electron	603:610	arg1	SEM					624:626	SEM	624:626	SEM	624:626	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	8	41	theme	tea	1203:1205	arg1	samples					1212:1218	tea leaf samples	1203:1218	tea leaf samples	1203:1218	The fabricated biosensor could be applied for determination of catechol in tea leaf samples.
25413793	5	42	from	μM	954:955	arg1	range					933:937	a linear concentration range	910:937	a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM	910:955	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	1	43	from	variabile	240:248	arg1	laccase					210:216	laccase	210:216	laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile	210:248	In the present study, a new biosensor based on laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile was developed for catechol.
25413793	0	44	from	catechol	139:146	arg1	tea					151:153	tea	151:153	tea	151:153	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	2	45	theme	purified	282:289	arg1	enzyme					291:296	The purified enzyme	278:296	The purified enzyme	278:296	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	8	46	theme	catechol	1191:1198	arg1	determination					1174:1186	determination	1174:1186	determination of catechol in tea leaf samples	1174:1218	The fabricated biosensor could be applied for determination of catechol in tea leaf samples.
25413793	3	47	theme	electrochemical	630:644	arg1	EIS					670:672	EIS	670:672	EIS	670:672	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	3	47	theme	electrochemical	630:644	arg1	spectroscopy					656:667	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	630:667	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	630:673	The formed layer of biocomposite was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
25413793	1	48	theme	present	170:176	arg1	study					178:182	the present study	166:182	the present study	166:182	In the present study, a new biosensor based on laccase from Paraconiothyrium variabile was developed for catechol.
25413793	6	49	theme	optimum	1011:1017	arg1	response					1019:1026	optimum response	1011:1026	optimum response	1011:1026	The biosensor showed optimum response within 8 s, at pH 5, and 40 °C.
25413793	2	50	theme	electrode	521:529	arg1	surface					497:503	the surface	493:503	the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE)	493:535	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	0	51	from	determination	122:134	arg1	tea					151:153	tea	151:153	tea	151:153	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	2	52	dep	the	418:420	arg1	aid					422:424	aid	422:424	aid	422:424	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	2	53	theme	biocomposite	385:396	arg1	film					405:408	the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film	313:408	the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents	313:456	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	5	54	theme	eletrocatalytic	865:879	arg1	ability					881:887	noticeable eletrocatalytic ability	854:887	noticeable eletrocatalytic ability	854:887	The biosensor exhibited noticeable eletrocatalytic ability toward catechol with a linear concentration range from 0.5 to 80 μM and a detection limit of 0.4 μM.
25413793	2	55	theme	paste	515:519	arg1	CPE					532:534	CPE	532:534	CPE	532:534	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	2	55	theme	paste	515:519	arg1	electrode					521:529	carbon paste electrode	508:529	carbon paste electrode (CPE)	508:535	The purified enzyme entrapped into the Fe3O4/polyaniline/chitosan (Fe3O4/polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan (CS)) biocomposite matrix film without the aid of other cross-linking reagents by a one-step electrodeposition on the surface of carbon paste electrode (CPE).
25413793	0	56	theme	new	2:4	arg1	biosensor					19:27	A new amperometric biosensor	0:27	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea	0:153	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25413793	0	57	from	tea	151:153	arg1	determination					122:134	determination	122:134	determination of catechol in tea	122:153	A new amperometric biosensor based on Fe3O4/polyaniline/laccase/chitosan biocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode for determination of catechol in tea leaves.
25704709	5	0	theme	size	826:829	arg1	distribution					831:842	a narrow droplet size distribution	809:842	a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm)	809:933	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	6	1	dep	rehydration	1330:1340	arg1	μm					1355:1356	7.7 and 9.9 μm	1343:1356	7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively	1343:1369	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	1	2	theme	W1/O/W2	180:186	arg1	emulsions					188:196	procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions	161:196	procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME)	161:244	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	0	3	theme	membrane	85:92	arg1	emulsification					94:107	premix membrane emulsification	78:107	premix membrane emulsification	78:107	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	6	4	theme	highest	1141:1147	arg1	content					1161:1167	the highest procyanidin content	1137:1167	the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1))	1137:1182	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	6	4	theme	highest	1141:1147	arg1	kg					1176:1177	5.3 g kg(-1)	1170:1181	5.3 g kg(-1)	1170:1181	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	5	5	theme	spray	956:960	arg1	drying					962:967	spray drying	956:967	spray drying	956:967	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	1	6	theme	emulsions	188:196	arg1	drying					151:156	Spray drying	145:156	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME)	145:244	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	5	7	theme	W1/O/W2	786:792	arg1	emulsions					794:802	W1/O/W2 emulsions	786:802	W1/O/W2 emulsions	786:802	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	5	8	theme	interfacial	1063:1073	arg1	composition					1075:1085	the interfacial composition	1059:1085	the interfacial composition	1059:1085	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	2	9	theme	several	385:391	arg1	Arabic					476:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	9	theme	several	385:391	arg1	WPI-chitosan					488:499	WPI-chitosan	488:499	WPI-chitosan	488:499	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	9	theme	several	385:391	arg1	emulsifiers					405:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers	385:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan)	385:500	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	9	theme	several	385:391	arg1	protein					423:429	whey protein	418:429	whey protein (WPI)	418:435	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	9	theme	several	385:391	arg1	cellulose					457:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	10	theme	emulsion	325:332	arg1	droplets					334:341	the emulsion droplets	321:341	the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying	321:363	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	6	11	theme	particle	1212:1219	arg1	distribution					1226:1237	the narrowest particle size distribution	1198:1237	the narrowest particle size distribution	1198:1237	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	5	12	theme	premix	767:772	arg1	ME					774:775	premix ME	767:775	premix ME	767:775	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	0	13	contain	containing	29:38	arg2	extracts					57:64	procyanidin-rich extracts	40:64	procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification	40:107	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	0	13	contain	containing	29:38	arg1	emulsions					19:27	Spray dried double emulsions	0:27	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.	0:143	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	2	14	theme	hydrophilic	393:403	arg1	Arabic					476:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	14	theme	hydrophilic	393:403	arg1	WPI-chitosan					488:499	WPI-chitosan	488:499	WPI-chitosan	488:499	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	14	theme	hydrophilic	393:403	arg1	emulsifiers					405:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers	385:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan)	385:500	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	14	theme	hydrophilic	393:403	arg1	protein					423:429	whey protein	418:429	whey protein (WPI)	418:435	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	14	theme	hydrophilic	393:403	arg1	cellulose					457:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	0	15	theme	interfacial	120:130	arg1	composition					132:142	interfacial composition	120:142	interfacial composition	120:142	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	5	16	theme	size	904:907	arg1	distribution					909:920	droplet size distribution	896:920	droplet size distribution	896:920	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	4	17	theme	redispersed	717:727	arg1	microcapsules					729:741	redispersed microcapsules	717:741	redispersed microcapsules	717:741	Furthermore, the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules were analyzed.
25704709	5	18	dep	emulsifier	871:880	arg1	peak					888:891	main peak	883:891	main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm	883:932	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	2	19	dep	emulsifiers	405:415	arg1	WPI					432:434	WPI	432:434	WPI	432:434	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	19	dep	emulsifiers	405:415	arg1	Arabic					476:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	19	dep	emulsifiers	405:415	arg1	emulsifiers					405:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers	385:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan)	385:500	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	19	dep	emulsifiers	405:415	arg1	cellulose					457:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	19	dep	emulsifiers	405:415	arg1	WPI-chitosan					488:499	WPI-chitosan	488:499	WPI-chitosan	488:499	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	19	dep	emulsifiers	405:415	arg1	protein					423:429	whey protein	418:429	whey protein (WPI)	418:435	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	6	20	theme	g	1174:1174	arg1	content					1161:1167	the highest procyanidin content	1137:1167	the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1))	1137:1182	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	6	20	theme	g	1174:1174	arg1	kg					1176:1177	5.3 g kg(-1)	1170:1181	5.3 g kg(-1)	1170:1181	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	4	21	theme	size	696:699	arg1	distribution					701:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution	665:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules	665:741	Furthermore, the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules were analyzed.
25704709	0	22	theme	dried	6:10	arg1	emulsions					19:27	Spray dried double emulsions	0:27	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.	0:143	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	3	23	from	effect	509:514	arg1	distribution					621:632	microcapsule size distribution	603:632	microcapsule size distribution	603:632	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	3	23	from	effect	509:514	arg1	efficiency					545:554	procyanidin encapsulation efficiency	519:554	procyanidin encapsulation efficiency	519:554	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	3	23	from	effect	509:514	arg1	activity					563:570	water activity	557:570	water activity	557:570	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	3	23	from	effect	509:514	arg1	content					590:596	moisture and oil content	573:596	content	590:596	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	2	24	theme	spray	352:356	arg1	drying					358:363	spray drying	352:363	spray drying	352:363	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	1	25	theme	premix	210:215	arg1	ME					242:243	ME	242:243	ME	242:243	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	1	25	theme	premix	210:215	arg1	emulsification					226:239	premix membrane emulsification	210:239	premix membrane emulsification (ME)	210:244	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	0	26	theme	Spray	0:4	arg1	emulsions					19:27	Spray dried double emulsions	0:27	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.	0:143	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	6	27	theme	corresponding	1300:1312	arg1	emulsions					1314:1322	the corresponding emulsions	1296:1322	the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively)	1296:1370	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	6	28	theme	narrowest	1202:1210	arg1	distribution					1226:1237	the narrowest particle size distribution	1198:1237	the narrowest particle size distribution	1198:1237	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	2	29	theme	whey	418:421	arg1	WPI					432:434	WPI	432:434	WPI	432:434	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	29	theme	whey	418:421	arg1	emulsifiers					405:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers	385:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan)	385:500	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	29	theme	whey	418:421	arg1	protein					423:429	whey protein	418:429	whey protein (WPI)	418:435	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	30	theme	WPI-gum	468:474	arg1	Arabic					476:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	WPI-gum Arabic	468:481	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	30	theme	WPI-gum	468:474	arg1	emulsifiers					405:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers	385:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan)	385:500	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	5	31	theme	main	883:886	arg1	peak					888:891	main peak	883:891	main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm	883:932	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	2	32	theme	prior	343:347	arg1	droplets					334:341	the emulsion droplets	321:341	the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying	321:363	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	4	33	theme	microstructure	669:682	arg1	distribution					701:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution	665:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules	665:741	Furthermore, the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules were analyzed.
25704709	0	34	theme	double	12:17	arg1	emulsions					19:27	Spray dried double emulsions	0:27	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.	0:143	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	0	35	theme	composition	132:142	arg1	effect					110:115	effect	110:115	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.	0:143	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	2	36	theme	droplets	334:341	arg1	interface					308:316	The interface	304:316	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying	304:363	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	37	theme	WPI-carboxylmethyl	438:455	arg1	emulsifiers					405:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers	385:415	several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan)	385:500	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	2	37	theme	WPI-carboxylmethyl	438:455	arg1	cellulose					457:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose	438:465	The interface of the emulsion droplets prior to spray drying was stabilized with several hydrophilic emulsifiers (whey protein (WPI), WPI-carboxylmethyl cellulose, WPI-gum Arabic, and WPI-chitosan).
25704709	0	38	theme	procyanidin-rich	40:55	arg1	extracts					57:64	procyanidin-rich extracts	40:64	procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification	40:107	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	5	39	theme	double	973:978	arg1	emulsions					980:988	double emulsions	973:988	double emulsions after redispersion	973:1007	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	5	40	theme	distribution	909:920	arg1	peak					888:891	main peak	883:891	main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm	883:932	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	1	41	theme	membrane	217:224	arg1	ME					242:243	ME	242:243	ME	242:243	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	1	41	theme	membrane	217:224	arg1	emulsification					226:239	premix membrane emulsification	210:239	premix membrane emulsification (ME)	210:244	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	4	42	theme	droplet	688:694	arg1	distribution					701:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution	665:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules	665:741	Furthermore, the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules were analyzed.
25704709	5	43	theme	narrow	811:816	arg1	distribution					831:842	a narrow droplet size distribution	809:842	a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm)	809:933	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	5	44	dep	distribution	831:842	arg1	emulsifier					871:880	the hydrophilic emulsifier	855:880	a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm)	809:933	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	5	45	theme	hydrophilic	859:869	arg1	emulsifier					871:880	the hydrophilic emulsifier	855:880	a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm)	809:933	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	3	46	theme	encapsulation	531:543	arg1	efficiency					545:554	procyanidin encapsulation efficiency	519:554	procyanidin encapsulation efficiency	519:554	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	3	47	theme	microcapsule	603:614	arg1	distribution					621:632	microcapsule size distribution	603:632	microcapsule size distribution	603:632	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	5	48	theme	profound	1016:1023	arg1	differences					1025:1035	profound differences	1016:1035	profound differences in sizes	1016:1044	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	6	49	theme	procyanidin	1149:1159	arg1	content					1161:1167	the highest procyanidin content	1137:1167	the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1))	1137:1182	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	6	49	theme	procyanidin	1149:1159	arg1	kg					1176:1177	5.3 g kg(-1)	1170:1181	5.3 g kg(-1)	1170:1181	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	3	50	theme	size	616:619	arg1	distribution					621:632	microcapsule size distribution	603:632	microcapsule size distribution	603:632	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	3	51	theme	procyanidin	519:529	arg1	efficiency					545:554	procyanidin encapsulation efficiency	519:554	procyanidin encapsulation efficiency	519:554	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	6	52	theme	lowest	1248:1253	arg1	size					1264:1267	the lowest particle size	1244:1267	the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively)	1244:1370	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	0	53	dep	emulsions	19:27	arg1	effect					110:115	effect	110:115	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.	0:143	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	4	54	theme	microcapsules	729:741	arg1	distribution					701:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution	665:712	the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules	665:741	Furthermore, the microstructure and droplet size distribution of redispersed microcapsules were analyzed.
25704709	1	55	theme	Spray	145:149	arg1	drying					151:156	Spray drying	145:156	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME)	145:244	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	3	56	theme	oil	586:588	arg1	content					590:596	moisture and oil content	573:596	content	590:596	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	6	57	theme	size	1221:1224	arg1	distribution					1226:1237	the narrowest particle size distribution	1198:1237	the narrowest particle size distribution	1198:1237	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	3	58	theme	moisture	573:580	arg1	content					590:596	moisture and oil content	573:596	content	590:596	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	3	59	theme	water	557:561	arg1	activity					563:570	water activity	557:570	water activity	557:570	Their effect on procyanidin encapsulation efficiency, water activity, moisture and oil content, and microcapsule size distribution was investigated.
25704709	0	60	theme	premix	78:83	arg1	emulsification					94:107	premix membrane emulsification	78:107	premix membrane emulsification	78:107	Spray dried double emulsions containing procyanidin-rich extracts produced by premix membrane emulsification: effect of interfacial composition.
25704709	6	61	theme	particle	1255:1262	arg1	size					1264:1267	the lowest particle size	1244:1267	the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively)	1244:1370	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	5	62	theme	droplet	896:902	arg1	distribution					909:920	droplet size distribution	896:920	droplet size distribution	896:920	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	5	63	from	differences	1025:1035	arg1	sizes					1040:1044	sizes	1040:1044	sizes	1040:1044	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	6	64	theme	stabilized	1096:1105	arg1	microcapsules					1107:1119	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules	1088:1119	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules	1088:1119	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25704709	5	65	theme	droplet	818:824	arg1	distribution					831:842	a narrow droplet size distribution	809:842	a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm)	809:933	Although premix ME produced W1/O/W2 emulsions with a narrow droplet size distribution regardless the hydrophilic emulsifier (main peak of droplet size distribution around 9 μm), microcapsules after spray drying and double emulsions after redispersion showed profound differences in sizes depending on the interfacial composition.
25704709	1	66	contain	containing	279:288	arg2	procyanidins					290:301	procyanidins	290:301	procyanidins	290:301	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	1	66	contain	containing	279:288	arg1	microcapsules					265:277	microcapsules	265:277	microcapsules containing procyanidins	265:301	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	1	67	theme	procyanidin-loaded	161:178	arg1	emulsions					188:196	procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions	161:196	procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME)	161:244	Spray drying of procyanidin-loaded W1/O/W2 emulsions produced by premix membrane emulsification (ME) enabled to produce microcapsules containing procyanidins.
25704709	6	68	theme	WPI-CMC	1088:1094	arg1	microcapsules					1107:1119	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules	1088:1119	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules	1088:1119	WPI-CMC stabilized microcapsules not only showed the highest procyanidin content (5.3 g kg(-1)) but also gave the narrowest particle size distribution with the lowest particle size for both microcapsules and the corresponding emulsions after rehydration (7.7 and 9.9 μm respectively).
25128770	0	0	theme	constituents	91:102	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	0	theme	constituents	91:102	arg1	activity					40:47	anti-inflammatory activity	22:47	anti-inflammatory activity	22:47	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	0	theme	constituents	91:102	arg1	activity					63:70	cytotoxic activity	53:70	cytotoxic activity	53:70	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	4	1	theme	exploiting	833:842	arg1	resources					859:867	exploiting and developing resources	833:867	exploiting and developing resources	833:867	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	4	2	theme	A.	872:873	arg1	resources					859:867	exploiting and developing resources	833:867	exploiting and developing resources	833:867	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	4	2	theme	A.	872:873	arg1	substances					818:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	3	3	theme	significant	677:687	arg1	activity					719:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	0	4	theme	liposoluble	79:89	arg1	constituents					91:102	the liposoluble constituents	75:102	the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	75:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	5	from	composition	9:19	arg1	parts					119:123	different parts	109:123	different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	109:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	6	theme	different	109:117	arg1	parts					119:123	different parts	109:123	different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	109:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	4	7	theme	developing	848:857	arg1	resources					859:867	exploiting and developing resources	833:867	exploiting and developing resources	833:867	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	0	8	from	activity	63:70	arg1	parts					119:123	different parts	109:123	different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	109:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	3	9	from	production	601:610	arg1	cells					640:644	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	615:644	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	615:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	3	10	theme	NO	689:690	arg1	activity					719:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	4	11	theme	natural	792:798	arg1	substances					818:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	1	12	theme	chemical	360:367	arg1	composition					369:379	their chemical composition	354:379	their chemical composition	354:379	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	4	13	theme	new	788:790	arg1	substances					818:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	1	14	theme	liposoluble	195:205	arg1	constituents					207:218	The liposoluble constituents	191:218	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch	191:295	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	0	15	from	activity	40:47	arg1	parts					119:123	different parts	109:123	different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	109:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	16	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	1	17	from	Franch	290:295	arg1	constituents					207:218	The liposoluble constituents	191:218	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch	191:295	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	3	18	theme	cytotoxic	539:547	arg1	activity					549:556	Their cytotoxic activity	533:556	Their cytotoxic activity	533:556	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	3	19	from	activity	549:556	arg1	production					601:610	nitric oxide (NO) production	583:610	nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	583:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	0	20	theme	anti-inflammatory	22:38	arg1	activity					40:47	anti-inflammatory activity	22:47	anti-inflammatory activity	22:47	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	3	21	theme	TNF-α	702:706	arg1	inhibition					708:717	TNF-α inhibition	702:717	TNF-α inhibition	702:717	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	0	22	theme	evodiaefolius	141:153	arg1	parts					119:123	different parts	109:123	different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	109:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	1	23	theme	leaves	223:228	arg1	constituents					207:218	The liposoluble constituents	191:218	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch	191:295	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	0	24	theme	Acanthopanax	128:139	arg1	evodiaefolius					141:153	Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	128:153	Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	128:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	3	25	theme	IL-6	693:696	arg1	activity					719:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	3	26	theme	inhibitory	562:571	arg1	effect					573:578	inhibitory effect	562:578	inhibitory effect	562:578	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	3	27	from	effect	573:578	arg1	production					601:610	nitric oxide (NO) production	583:610	nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	583:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	2	28	theme	LCL	457:459	arg1	LCL					457:459	LCL	457:459	LCL	457:459	18 compounds were identified, representing 71.98% of LCL, while 35 compounds were identified, accounting for 98.28% of the LCSB.
25128770	2	28	theme	LCL	457:459	arg1	%					452:452	71.98%	447:452	71.98% of LCL	447:459	18 compounds were identified, representing 71.98% of LCL, while 35 compounds were identified, accounting for 98.28% of the LCSB.
25128770	3	29	theme	inhibition	708:717	arg1	activity					719:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity	677:726	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	1	30	theme	Herbal	315:320	arg1	HBE					344:346	HBE	344:346	HBE	344:346	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	1	30	theme	Herbal	315:320	arg1	Extractor					333:341	Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor	315:341	Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE)	315:347	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	0	31	theme	Blitzkrieg	169:178	arg1	Extractor					180:188	the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor	158:188	the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor	158:188	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	4	32	theme	anti-inflammatory	800:816	arg1	substances					818:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	new natural anti-inflammatory substances	788:827	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	0	33	theme	cytotoxic	53:61	arg1	activity					63:70	cytotoxic activity	53:70	cytotoxic activity	53:70	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	1	34	theme	Blitzkrieg	322:331	arg1	HBE					344:346	HBE	344:346	HBE	344:346	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	1	34	theme	Blitzkrieg	322:331	arg1	Extractor					333:341	Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor	315:341	Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE)	315:347	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	0	35	theme	Herbal	162:167	arg1	Extractor					180:188	the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor	158:188	the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor	158:188	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	36	from	parts	119:123	arg1	constituents					91:102	the liposoluble constituents	75:102	the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius	75:153	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	36	from	parts	119:123	arg1	composition					9:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition	0:19	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	36	from	parts	119:123	arg1	activity					40:47	anti-inflammatory activity	22:47	anti-inflammatory activity	22:47	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	0	36	from	parts	119:123	arg1	activity					63:70	cytotoxic activity	53:70	cytotoxic activity	53:70	Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity of the liposoluble constituents from different parts of Acanthopanax evodiaefolius by the Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor.
25128770	3	37	theme	oxide	590:594	arg1	production					601:610	nitric oxide (NO) production	583:610	nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	583:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	2	38	theme	LCSB	527:530	arg1	%					518:518	98.28%	513:518	98.28% of the LCSB	513:530	18 compounds were identified, representing 71.98% of LCL, while 35 compounds were identified, accounting for 98.28% of the LCSB.
25128770	2	38	theme	LCSB	527:530	arg1	LCSB					527:530	the LCSB	523:530	the LCSB	523:530	18 compounds were identified, representing 71.98% of LCL, while 35 compounds were identified, accounting for 98.28% of the LCSB.
25128770	3	39	theme	LPS-stimulated	615:628	arg1	cells					640:644	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	615:644	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	615:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	1	40	theme	stem	240:243	arg1	barks					245:249	stem barks	240:249	stem barks (LCSB)	240:256	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	1	40	theme	stem	240:243	arg1	LCSB					252:255	LCSB	252:255	LCSB	252:255	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	3	41	theme	RAW	630:632	arg1	cells					640:644	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	615:644	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	615:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	4	42	theme	scientific	755:764	arg1	basis					766:770	the scientific basis	751:770	the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch	751:894	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	1	43	theme	barks	245:249	arg1	constituents					207:218	The liposoluble constituents	191:218	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch	191:295	The liposoluble constituents of leaves (LCL) and stem barks (LCSB) from Acanthopanax evodiaefolius Franch were extracted by Herbal Blitzkrieg Extractor (HBE), and their chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS.
25128770	4	44	dep	A.	872:873	arg1	evodiaefolius					875:887	A. evodiaefolius Franch	872:894	A. evodiaefolius Franch	872:894	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	4	44	dep	A.	872:873	arg1	Franch					889:894	Franch	889:894	Franch	889:894	These results provide the scientific basis for looking for new natural anti-inflammatory substances and exploiting and developing resources of A. evodiaefolius Franch.
25128770	3	45	theme	nitric	583:588	arg1	NO					597:598	NO	597:598	NO	597:598	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
25128770	3	45	theme	nitric	583:588	arg1	oxide					590:594	nitric oxide	583:594	nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells	583:644	Their cytotoxic activity and inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were tested and the LCL showed significant NO, IL-6 and TNF-α inhibition activity.
29215558	5	0	theme	hybrid	778:783	arg1	nature					785:790	the hybrid nature	774:790	the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan	774:887	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	0	1	theme	Chitosan-Polyphosphate	72:93	arg1	Beads					95:99	Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads	63:99	Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads	63:99	Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate Catalyzed by Lipase Immobilized in Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads.
29215558	5	2	theme	external	814:821	arg1	part					823:826	external part	814:826	external part consisted of polyphosphate and core	814:862	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	6	3	from	variations	1023:1032	arg1	temperature					1037:1047	temperature	1037:1047	temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C)	1037:1118	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	4	dep	advantages	931:940	arg1	possibility					943:953	possibility	943:953	possibility of enzyme reuse	943:969	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	3	5	theme	hybrid	360:365	arg1	support					385:391	This hybrid organic-inorganic support	355:391	This hybrid organic-inorganic support	355:391	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	5	6	theme	infrared	682:689	arg1	spectroscopy					691:702	infrared spectroscopy	682:702	infrared spectroscopy	682:702	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	1	7	theme	appropriate	258:268	arg1	strategies					285:294	appropriate immobilization strategies	258:294	appropriate immobilization strategies	258:294	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	3	8	theme	organic-inorganic	367:383	arg1	support					385:391	This hybrid organic-inorganic support	355:391	This hybrid organic-inorganic support	355:391	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	6	9	theme	following	921:929	arg1	recovery					989:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	9	theme	following	921:929	arg1	advantages					931:940	the following advantages	917:940	the following advantages	917:940	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	1	10	theme	important	148:156	arg1	reactions					158:166	innumerable important reactions	136:166	innumerable important reactions	136:166	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	6	11	theme	catalytic	1135:1143	arg1	activity					1145:1152	catalytic activity	1135:1152	catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions	1135:1189	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	1	12	theme	immobilization	270:283	arg1	strategies					285:294	appropriate immobilization strategies	258:294	appropriate immobilization strategies	258:294	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	5	13	theme	support	799:805	arg1	nature					785:790	the hybrid nature	774:790	the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan	774:887	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	7	14	theme	transesterification	1251:1269	arg1	reactions					1271:1279	transesterification reactions	1251:1279	transesterification reactions	1251:1279	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	6	15	theme	transesterification	1161:1179	arg1	reactions					1181:1189	the transesterification reactions	1157:1189	the transesterification reactions	1157:1189	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	16	dep	temperature	1037:1047	arg1	inactivated					1098:1108	inactivated	1098:1108	was inactivated at 80 °C	1094:1117	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	7	17	theme	encapsulated	1196:1207	arg1	enzymes					1209:1215	The encapsulated enzymes	1192:1215	The encapsulated enzymes	1192:1215	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	7	17	theme	encapsulated	1196:1207	arg1	biocatalysts					1234:1245	biocatalysts	1234:1245	biocatalysts for transesterification reactions	1234:1279	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	5	18	theme	composites	667:676	arg1	characterization					643:658	The characterization	639:658	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy)	639:762	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	7	19	used	utilized	1222:1229	arg2	enzymes					1209:1215	The encapsulated enzymes	1192:1215	The encapsulated enzymes	1192:1215	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	7	19	used	utilized	1222:1229	arg2	biocatalysts					1234:1245	biocatalysts	1234:1245	biocatalysts for transesterification reactions	1234:1279	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	3	20	theme	biodegradable	438:450	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	0	21	theme	Acetate	20:26	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate	0:26	Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate Catalyzed by Lipase Immobilized in Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads.
29215558	2	22	theme	new	305:307	arg1	support					309:315	a new support	303:315	a new support for immobilizing enzymes	303:340	Here, a new support for immobilizing enzymes is proposed.
29215558	6	23	from	activity	1145:1152	arg1	reactions					1181:1189	the transesterification reactions	1157:1189	the transesterification reactions	1157:1189	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	3	24	theme	sodium	479:484	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	0	25	theme	Benzyl	13:18	arg1	Acetate					20:26	Benzyl Acetate	13:26	Benzyl Acetate	13:26	Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate Catalyzed by Lipase Immobilized in Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads.
29215558	5	26	theme	confocal	737:744	arg1	microscopy					752:761	confocal Raman microscopy	737:761	confocal Raman microscopy	737:761	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	6	27	theme	immobilized	894:904	arg1	enzyme					906:911	The immobilized enzyme	890:911	The immobilized enzyme	890:911	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	28	contain	had	913:915	arg1	enzyme					906:911	The immobilized enzyme	890:911	The immobilized enzyme	890:911	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	28	contain	had	913:915	arg2	advantages					931:940	the following advantages	917:940	the following advantages	917:940	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	28	contain	had	913:915	arg2	recovery					989:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	29	theme	biocatalyst	977:987	arg1	recovery					989:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	29	theme	biocatalyst	977:987	arg1	advantages					931:940	the following advantages	917:940	the following advantages	917:940	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	5	30	theme	Raman	746:750	arg1	microscopy					752:761	confocal Raman microscopy	737:761	confocal Raman microscopy	737:761	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	1	31	contain	has	196:198	arg2	limitations					200:210	limitations	200:210	limitations	200:210	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	1	31	contain	has	196:198	arg1	application					184:194	their application	178:194	their application	178:194	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	3	32	theme	edible	457:462	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	3	33	theme	nontoxic	428:435	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	6	34	theme	easy	972:975	arg1	recovery					989:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	easy biocatalyst recovery	972:996	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	6	34	theme	easy	972:975	arg1	advantages					931:940	the following advantages	917:940	the following advantages	917:940	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	3	35	theme	biopolymer-and	464:477	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	3	36	theme	chitosan-a	408:417	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	4	37	theme	Candida	542:548	arg1	CALB					562:565	CALB	562:565	CALB	562:565	Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) was immobilized on microspheres by encapsulation using these polymers.
29215558	4	37	theme	Candida	542:548	arg1	antarctica					550:559	Candida antarctica	542:559	Candida antarctica (CALB)	542:566	Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) was immobilized on microspheres by encapsulation using these polymers.
29215558	3	38	theme	inorganic	507:515	arg1	component					517:525	the inorganic component	503:525	the inorganic component	503:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	3	39	theme	natural	419:425	arg1	polyphosphate					486:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate	408:498	chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component	408:525	This hybrid organic-inorganic support is composed of chitosan-a natural, nontoxic, biodegradable, and edible biopolymer-and sodium polyphosphate as the inorganic component.
29215558	6	40	theme	reuse	965:969	arg1	possibility					943:953	possibility	943:953	possibility of enzyme reuse	943:969	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	5	41	theme	thermogravimetric	705:721	arg1	analysis					723:730	thermogravimetric analysis	705:730	thermogravimetric analysis	705:730	The characterization of the composites (by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and confocal Raman microscopy) confirmed the hybrid nature of the support, whose external part consisted of polyphosphate and core was composed of chitosan.
29215558	6	42	theme	enzyme	958:963	arg1	reuse					965:969	enzyme reuse	958:969	enzyme reuse	958:969	The immobilized enzyme had the following advantages: possibility of enzyme reuse, easy biocatalyst recovery, increased resistance to variations in temperature (activity declined from 60 °C and the enzyme was inactivated at 80 °C), and increased catalytic activity in the transesterification reactions.
29215558	1	43	theme	innumerable	136:146	arg1	reactions					158:166	innumerable important reactions	136:166	innumerable important reactions	136:166	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	1	44	theme	many	226:229	arg1	cases					231:235	many cases	226:235	many cases	226:235	Enzymes serve as biocatalysts for innumerable important reactions, however, their application has limitations, which can in many cases be overcome by using appropriate immobilization strategies.
29215558	2	45	theme	immobilizing	321:332	arg1	enzymes					334:340	immobilizing enzymes	321:340	immobilizing enzymes	321:340	Here, a new support for immobilizing enzymes is proposed.
29215558	7	46	theme	responsible	1305:1315	arg1	compound					1296:1303	the compound	1292:1303	the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine	1292:1340	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	0	47	theme	Nontoxic	63:70	arg1	Beads					95:99	Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads	63:99	Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads	63:99	Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate Catalyzed by Lipase Immobilized in Nontoxic Chitosan-Polyphosphate Beads.
29215558	7	48	theme	jasmine	1334:1340	arg1	aroma					1325:1329	the aroma	1321:1329	the aroma of jasmine	1321:1340	The encapsulated enzymes were utilized as biocatalysts for transesterification reactions to produce the compound responsible for the aroma of jasmine.
29215558	4	49	from	antarctica	550:559	arg1	B					535:535	Lipase B	528:535	Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB)	528:566	Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) was immobilized on microspheres by encapsulation using these polymers.
29215558	4	50	theme	Lipase	528:533	arg1	B					535:535	Lipase B	528:535	Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB)	528:566	Lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) was immobilized on microspheres by encapsulation using these polymers.
29407146	3	0	from	activity	439:446	arg1	microneedles					483:494	microneedles	483:494	microneedles	483:494	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	1	1	theme	subcutaneous	146:157	arg1	injection					166:174	subcutaneous needle injection	146:174	subcutaneous needle injection	146:174	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	4	2	theme	transdermal	636:646	arg1	delivery					648:655	transdermal delivery	636:655	transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	636:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	0	3	theme	insulin	78:84	arg1	delivery					66:73	transdermal delivery	54:73	transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic rats	54:101	Microneedles fabricated from alginate and maltose for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic rats.
29407146	4	4	theme	excellent	557:565	arg1	biocompatibility					567:582	excellent biocompatibility	557:582	excellent biocompatibility	557:582	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	1	5	theme	needle	159:164	arg1	injection					166:174	subcutaneous needle injection	146:174	subcutaneous needle injection	146:174	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	6	6	contain	have	1155:1158	arg2	application					1172:1182	a potential application	1160:1182	a potential application	1160:1182	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	6	6	contain	have	1155:1158	arg1	microneedles					1103:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	6	7	theme	potential	1162:1170	arg1	application					1172:1182	a potential application	1160:1182	a potential application	1160:1182	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	3	8	from	stability	452:460	arg1	microneedles					483:494	microneedles	483:494	microneedles	483:494	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	4	9	theme	in	711:712	arg1	models					704:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models	671:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	671:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	0	10	theme	diabetic	89:96	arg1	rats					98:101	diabetic rats	89:101	diabetic rats	89:101	Microneedles fabricated from alginate and maltose for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic rats.
29407146	1	11	link	cross-linked	193:204	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	6	12	used	used	1123:1126	arg2	microneedles					1103:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	2	13	theme	highest	381:387	arg1	force					397:401	the highest failure force	377:401	the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle	377:421	The as-prepared microneedles exhibited strong mechanical properties with the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle.
29407146	6	14	theme	diabetes	1187:1194	arg1	treatment					1196:1204	diabetes treatment	1187:1204	diabetes treatment	1187:1204	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	5	15	theme	injection	1037:1045	arg1	route					1047:1051	subcutaneous injection route	1024:1051	subcutaneous injection route	1024:1051	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	1	16	theme	injection	166:174	arg1	inconvenient					118:129	the inconvenient	114:129	the inconvenient	114:129	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	1	16	theme	injection	166:174	arg1	painful					135:141	painful	135:141	painful	135:141	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	4	17	theme	good	526:529	arg1	properties					542:551	the good mechanical properties	522:551	the good mechanical properties	522:551	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	3	18	dep	activity	439:446	arg1	The					424:426	The	424:426	The	424:426	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	6	19	theme	Ca2+/Alg-Mal	1090:1101	arg1	microneedles					1103:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	5	20	theme	hypoglycemic	871:882	arg1	effect					884:889	an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect	846:889	an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect	846:889	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	4	21	from	insulin	660:666	arg1	models					704:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models	671:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	671:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	4	22	from	models	704:709	arg1	delivery					648:655	transdermal delivery	636:655	transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	636:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	5	23	theme	relative	944:951	arg1	RBA					970:972	RBA	970:972	RBA	970:972	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	5	23	theme	relative	944:951	arg1	bioavailability					953:967	relative bioavailability	944:967	relative bioavailability (RBA)	944:973	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	1	24	theme	calcium	181:187	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	4	25	theme	mechanical	531:540	arg1	properties					542:551	the good mechanical properties	522:551	the good mechanical properties	522:551	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	1	26	theme	template	287:294	arg1	method					296:301	a template method	285:301	a template method	285:301	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	2	27	theme	as-prepared	308:318	arg1	microneedles					320:331	The as-prepared microneedles	304:331	The as-prepared microneedles	304:331	The as-prepared microneedles exhibited strong mechanical properties with the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle.
29407146	1	28	theme	ion	189:191	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	5	29	theme	relative	896:903	arg1	RPA					935:937	RPA	935:937	RPA	935:937	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	5	29	theme	relative	896:903	arg1	availability					921:932	relative pharmacological availability	896:932	relative pharmacological availability (RPA)	896:938	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	5	30	theme	diabetic	760:767	arg1	rats					769:772	the diabetic rats	756:772	the diabetic rats	756:772	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	1	31	theme	cross-linked	193:204	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	5	32	theme	released	779:786	arg1	insulin					788:794	the released insulin	775:794	the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles	775:836	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	4	33	theme	rat	700:702	arg1	models					704:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models	671:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	671:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	3	34	theme	loaded	465:470	arg1	insulin					472:478	loaded insulin	465:478	loaded insulin	465:478	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	1	35	theme	alginate/maltose	206:221	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	3	36	theme	insulin	472:478	arg1	activity					439:446	biological activity	428:446	biological activity	428:446	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	3	36	theme	insulin	472:478	arg1	stability					452:460	stability	452:460	stability	452:460	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	5	37	theme	obvious	849:855	arg1	effect					884:889	an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect	846:889	an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect	846:889	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	4	38	from	delivery	648:655	arg1	models					704:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models	671:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	671:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	4	39	theme	Sprague-Dawley	680:693	arg1	models					704:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models	671:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	671:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	3	40	theme	biological	428:437	arg1	activity					439:446	biological activity	428:446	biological activity	428:446	The biological activity and stability of loaded insulin in microneedles were investigated.
29407146	0	41	from	delivery	66:73	arg1	rats					98:101	diabetic rats	89:101	diabetic rats	89:101	Microneedles fabricated from alginate and maltose for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic rats.
29407146	5	42	theme	subcutaneous	1024:1035	arg1	injection					1037:1045	subcutaneous injection	1024:1045	subcutaneous injection route	1024:1051	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	6	43	theme	transdermal	1210:1220	arg1	ingestion					1222:1230	transdermal ingestion	1210:1230	transdermal ingestion	1210:1230	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	5	44	theme	effective	861:869	arg1	effect					884:889	an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect	846:889	an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect	846:889	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	4	45	theme	as-prepared	589:599	arg1	microneedles					601:612	the as-prepared microneedles	585:612	the as-prepared microneedles	585:612	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	5	46	theme	transdermal	726:736	arg1	administration					738:751	transdermal administration	726:751	transdermal administration to the diabetic rats	726:772	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	5	47	from	microneedles	825:836	arg1	insulin					788:794	the released insulin	775:794	the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles	775:836	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	6	48	theme	as-prepared	1078:1088	arg1	microneedles					1103:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles	1078:1114	This work suggests that as-prepared Ca2+/Alg-Mal microneedles can be used to encapsulate insulin and have a potential application in diabetes treatment via transdermal ingestion.
29407146	5	49	theme	composite	815:823	arg1	microneedles					825:836	biodegradable composite microneedles	801:836	biodegradable composite microneedles	801:836	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	2	50	theme	mechanical	350:359	arg1	properties					361:370	strong mechanical properties	343:370	strong mechanical properties	343:370	The as-prepared microneedles exhibited strong mechanical properties with the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle.
29407146	1	51	theme	Ca2+/Alg-Mal	224:235	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	2	52	theme	strong	343:348	arg1	properties					361:370	strong mechanical properties	343:370	strong mechanical properties	343:370	The as-prepared microneedles exhibited strong mechanical properties with the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle.
29407146	4	53	theme	insulin	660:666	arg1	delivery					648:655	transdermal delivery	636:655	transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	636:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	5	54	theme	biodegradable	801:813	arg1	microneedles					825:836	biodegradable composite microneedles	801:836	biodegradable composite microneedles	801:836	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	4	55	dep	in	711:712	arg1	vivo					714:717	vivo	714:717	vivo	714:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29407146	5	56	theme	pharmacological	905:919	arg1	RPA					935:937	RPA	935:937	RPA	935:937	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	5	56	theme	pharmacological	905:919	arg1	availability					921:932	relative pharmacological availability	896:932	relative pharmacological availability (RPA)	896:938	After transdermal administration to the diabetic rats, the released insulin from biodegradable composite microneedles exhibit an obvious and effective hypoglycemic effect with relative pharmacological availability (RPA) and relative bioavailability (RBA) at 94.1±5.6% and 93.7±4.7% compared with that of subcutaneous injection route.
29407146	1	57	theme	composite	238:246	arg1	microneedles					248:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles	177:259	To reduce the inconvenient and painful of subcutaneous needle injection, the calcium ion cross-linked alginate/maltose (Ca2+/Alg-Mal) composite microneedles have been fabricated by a template method.
29407146	0	58	theme	transdermal	54:64	arg1	delivery					66:73	transdermal delivery	54:73	transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic rats	54:101	Microneedles fabricated from alginate and maltose for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic rats.
29407146	2	59	theme	failure	389:395	arg1	force					397:401	the highest failure force	377:401	the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle	377:421	The as-prepared microneedles exhibited strong mechanical properties with the highest failure force around 0.41N/needle.
29407146	4	60	theme	diabetic	671:678	arg1	models					704:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models	671:709	diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo	671:717	Due to the good mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, the as-prepared microneedles have been applied for transdermal delivery of insulin on diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat models in vivo.
29519424	8	0	theme	DAPI	1514:1517	arg1	staining					1519:1526	DAPI staining	1514:1526	DAPI staining	1514:1526	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	10	1	theme	biocompatible	1787:1799	arg1	membrane					1877:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane	1785:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1785:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	6	2	theme	thick	1142:1146	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	2	theme	thick	1142:1146	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	2	3	theme	study	337:341	arg1	aim					325:327	The aim	321:327	The aim of this study	321:341	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	8	4	theme	vitro	1574:1578	arg1	biocompatibility					1580:1595	vitro biocompatibility	1574:1595	vitro biocompatibility	1574:1595	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	1	5	theme	functional	237:246	arg1	materials					259:267	functional biomedical materials	237:267	functional biomedical materials	237:267	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	7	6	theme	tensile	1308:1314	arg1	modulus					1324:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus	1298:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa	1298:1343	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	10	7	theme	hyaluronate	1865:1875	arg1	membrane					1877:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane	1785:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1785:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	1	8	theme	materials	259:267	arg1	production					223:232	the production	219:232	the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications	219:318	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	10	9	theme	structured	1831:1840	arg1	membrane					1877:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane	1785:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1785:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	10	10	theme	mechanical	1913:1922	arg1	strength					1924:1931	mechanical strength	1913:1931	mechanical strength	1913:1931	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	7	11	theme	1.95±0.55MPa	1281:1292	arg1	modules					1270:1276	static tensile modules	1255:1276	static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa	1255:1292	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	7	11	theme	1.95±0.55MPa	1281:1292	arg1	modulus					1324:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus	1298:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa	1298:1343	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	6	12	theme	ultimate	1101:1108	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	12	theme	ultimate	1101:1108	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	9	13	from	tissues	1739:1745	arg1	separation					1679:1688	thorough separation	1670:1688	thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues	1670:1745	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	1	14	theme	tissues	199:205	arg1	development					170:180	the development	166:180	the development of bioengineered tissues	166:205	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	7	15	theme	static	1255:1260	arg1	modules					1270:1276	static tensile modules	1255:1276	static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa	1255:1292	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	6	16	theme	easy	1184:1187	arg1	handling					1198:1205	easy surgical handling	1184:1205	easy surgical handling	1184:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	8	17	contain	has	1557:1559	arg2	desirable					1561:1569	desirable	1561:1569	desirable	1561:1569	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	8	17	contain	has	1557:1559	arg1	membrane					1548:1555	the membrane	1544:1555	the membrane	1544:1555	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	3	18	theme	structured	709:718	arg1	membrane					720:727	a structured membrane	707:727	a structured membrane	707:727	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	7	19	theme	dynamic	1219:1225	arg1	testing					1238:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing	1208:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing	1208:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	8	20	dep	in	1431:1432	arg1	vitro					1434:1438	vitro	1434:1438	vitro	1434:1438	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	3	21	theme	gelatin	595:601	arg1	%					593:593	8% gelatin	592:601	8% gelatin	592:601	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	1	22	theme	diverse	127:133	arg1	applications					142:153	applications	142:153	applications	142:153	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	1	22	theme	diverse	127:133	arg1	set					135:137	a diverse set	125:137	a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications	125:318	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	7	23	theme	Static	1208:1213	arg1	testing					1238:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing	1208:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing	1208:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	10	24	theme	handling	1946:1953	arg1	characteristics					1955:1969	surgical handling characteristics	1937:1969	surgical handling characteristics	1937:1969	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	4	25	from	layer	822:826	arg1	angles					800:805	strand angles	793:805	strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°	793:873	Each membrane is composed of 6 layers with strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°.
29519424	4	26	theme	90°	871:873	arg1	layer					840:844	the last layer	831:844	the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°	831:873	Each membrane is composed of 6 layers with strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°.
29519424	4	27	theme	last	835:838	arg1	layer					840:844	the last layer	831:844	the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°	831:873	Each membrane is composed of 6 layers with strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°.
29519424	9	28	theme	membrane	1658:1665	arg1	function					1640:1647	the barrier function	1628:1647	the barrier function of a GTR membrane	1628:1665	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	10	29	from	application	2010:2020	arg1	procedures					2029:2038	GTR procedures	2025:2038	GTR procedures	2025:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	9	30	theme	thorough	1670:1677	arg1	separation					1679:1688	thorough separation	1670:1688	thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues	1670:1745	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	2	31	theme	3D-printed	377:386	arg1	suitable					429:436	suitable	429:436	suitable	429:436	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	2	31	theme	3D-printed	377:386	arg1	construct					395:403	a 3D-printed hybrid construct	375:403	a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR)	375:473	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	10	32	theme	gelatin/elastin/sodium	1842:1863	arg1	membrane					1877:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane	1785:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1785:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	10	33	from	strength	1924:1931	arg1	terms					1974:1978	terms	1974:1978	terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1974:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	1	34	theme	Three-dimensional	52:68	arg1	printing					75:82	Three-dimensional (3D) printing	52:82	Three-dimensional (3D) printing	52:82	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	9	35	theme	oral	1697:1700	arg1	layer					1713:1717	the oral epithelial layer	1693:1717	the oral epithelial layer	1693:1717	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	9	36	theme	layer	1713:1717	arg1	separation					1679:1688	thorough separation	1670:1688	thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues	1670:1745	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	5	37	dep	other	981:985	arg1	able					993:996	able	993:996	able	993:996	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	0	38	theme	tissue	31:36	arg1	regeneration					38:49	guided tissue regeneration	24:49	guided tissue regeneration	24:49	3D-printed membrane for guided tissue regeneration.
29519424	10	39	from	characteristics	1955:1969	arg1	terms					1974:1978	terms	1974:1978	terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1974:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	5	40	theme	Measuring	898:906	arg1	imaging					908:914	3D Laser Measuring imaging	889:914	3D Laser Measuring imaging	889:914	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	2	41	theme	tissue	449:454	arg1	GTR					470:472	GTR	470:472	GTR	470:472	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	2	41	theme	tissue	449:454	arg1	regeneration					456:467	guided tissue regeneration	442:467	guided tissue regeneration (GTR)	442:473	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	10	42	theme	GTR	2025:2027	arg1	procedures					2029:2038	GTR procedures	2025:2038	GTR procedures	2025:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	8	43	theme	histological	1457:1468	arg1	analysis					1470:1477	histological analysis	1457:1477	histological analysis	1457:1477	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	3	44	theme	sodium	624:629	arg1	hyaluronate					631:641	0.5% sodium hyaluronate	619:641	0.5% sodium hyaluronate	619:641	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	5	45	theme	different	1080:1088	arg1	sides					1090:1094	different sides	1080:1094	different sides	1080:1094	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	3	46	theme	0.5	619:621	arg1	%					622:622	%	622:622	%	622:622	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	8	47	with	membranes	1366:1374	arg1	cells					1409:1413	fibroblast and keratinocyte cells	1381:1413	cells	1409:1413	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	3	48	dep	%	605:605	arg1	elastin					607:613	elastin	607:613	2% elastin	604:613	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	5	49	theme	3D	889:890	arg1	imaging					908:914	3D Laser Measuring imaging	889:914	3D Laser Measuring imaging	889:914	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	8	50	theme	viability	1487:1495	arg1	examinations					1497:1508	tissue viability examinations	1480:1508	tissue viability examinations	1480:1508	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	6	51	theme	flexible	1148:1155	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	51	theme	flexible	1148:1155	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	52	theme	150μm	1136:1140	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	52	theme	150μm	1136:1140	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	1	53	theme	biomedical	248:257	arg1	materials					259:267	functional biomedical materials	237:267	functional biomedical materials	237:267	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	7	54	theme	314±50kPa	1335:1343	arg1	modules					1270:1276	static tensile modules	1255:1276	static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa	1255:1292	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	7	54	theme	314±50kPa	1335:1343	arg1	modulus					1324:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus	1298:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa	1298:1343	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	4	55	theme	first	816:820	arg1	layer					822:826	the first layer	812:826	the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°	812:873	Each membrane is composed of 6 layers with strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°.
29519424	7	56	theme	storage	1316:1322	arg1	modulus					1324:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus	1298:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa	1298:1343	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	3	57	theme	suitable	673:680	arg1	composition					682:692	the most suitable composition	664:692	the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application	664:747	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	3	57	theme	suitable	673:680	arg1	solution					572:579	a specific solution	561:579	a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate	561:641	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	3	58	theme	rheology	498:505	arg1	analyses					507:514	the rheology analyses	494:514	the rheology analyses	494:514	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	2	59	theme	guided	442:447	arg1	GTR					470:472	GTR	470:472	GTR	470:472	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	2	59	theme	guided	442:447	arg1	regeneration					456:467	guided tissue regeneration	442:467	guided tissue regeneration (GTR)	442:473	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	7	60	theme	dynamic	1300:1306	arg1	modulus					1324:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus	1298:1330	a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa	1298:1343	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	10	61	theme	3D-printed	1820:1829	arg1	membrane					1877:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane	1785:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1785:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	6	62	theme	cross-linked	1110:1121	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	62	theme	cross-linked	1110:1121	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	3	63	theme	different	539:547	arg1	bioinks					549:555	different bioinks	539:555	different bioinks	539:555	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	4	64	theme	strand	793:798	arg1	angles					800:805	strand angles	793:805	strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°	793:873	Each membrane is composed of 6 layers with strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°.
29519424	6	65	link	cross-linked	1110:1121	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	65	link	cross-linked	1110:1121	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	10	66	theme	optimal	1891:1897	arg1	biostability					1899:1910	optimal biostability	1891:1910	optimal biostability	1891:1910	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	1	67	theme	bioengineered	185:197	arg1	tissues					199:205	bioengineered tissues	185:205	bioengineered tissues	185:205	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	1	68	dep	Three-dimensional	52:68	arg1	3D					71:72	3D	71:72	3D	71:72	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	6	69	theme	surgical	1189:1196	arg1	handling					1198:1205	easy surgical handling	1184:1205	easy surgical handling	1184:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	3	70	theme	specific	563:570	arg1	composition					682:692	the most suitable composition	664:692	the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application	664:747	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	3	70	theme	specific	563:570	arg1	solution					572:579	a specific solution	561:579	a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate	561:641	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	6	71	with	membrane	1170:1177	arg1	handling					1198:1205	easy surgical handling	1184:1205	easy surgical handling	1184:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	7	72	theme	tensile	1262:1268	arg1	modules					1270:1276	static tensile modules	1255:1276	static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa	1255:1292	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	3	73	theme	GTR	733:735	arg1	application					737:747	GTR application	733:747	GTR application	733:747	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	6	74	theme	bendable	1161:1168	arg1	membrane					1170:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane	1134:1177	a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling	1134:1205	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	6	74	theme	bendable	1161:1168	arg1	product					1123:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product	1097:1129	The ultimate cross-linked product is a 150μm thick flexible and bendable membrane with easy surgical handling.
29519424	9	75	theme	barrier	1632:1638	arg1	function					1640:1647	the barrier function	1628:1647	the barrier function of a GTR membrane	1628:1665	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	7	76	theme	mechanical	1227:1236	arg1	testing					1238:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing	1208:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing	1208:1244	Static and dynamic mechanical testing revealed static tensile modules of 1.95±0.55MPa and a dynamic tensile storage modulus of 314±50kPa.
29519424	5	77	theme	small	934:938	arg1	pores					940:944	small pores	934:944	small pores on one side	934:956	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	8	78	theme	fibroblast	1381:1390	arg1	cells					1409:1413	fibroblast and keratinocyte cells	1381:1413	cells	1409:1413	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	10	79	theme	surgical	1937:1944	arg1	characteristics					1955:1969	surgical handling characteristics	1937:1969	surgical handling characteristics	1937:1969	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	1	80	theme	applications	142:153	arg1	applications					142:153	applications	142:153	applications	142:153	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	1	80	theme	applications	142:153	arg1	set					135:137	a diverse set	125:137	a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications	125:318	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	9	81	theme	GTR	1654:1656	arg1	membrane					1658:1665	a GTR membrane	1652:1665	a GTR membrane	1652:1665	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	8	82	theme	keratinocyte	1396:1407	arg1	cells					1409:1413	fibroblast and keratinocyte cells	1381:1413	cells	1409:1413	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	10	83	theme	suturability	1983:1994	arg1	terms					1974:1978	terms	1974:1978	terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1974:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	10	84	from	biostability	1899:1910	arg1	terms					1974:1978	terms	1974:1978	terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1974:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	4	85	with	layers	781:786	arg1	angles					800:805	strand angles	793:805	strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°	793:873	Each membrane is composed of 6 layers with strand angles from the first layer to the last layer of 45, 135, 0, 90, 0 and 90°.
29519424	5	86	from	pores	940:944	arg1	side					953:956	one side	949:956	one side	949:956	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	5	87	theme	large	962:966	arg1	pores					968:972	large pores	962:972	large pores	962:972	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	5	88	from	pores	968:972	arg1	side					953:956	one side	949:956	one side	949:956	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	8	89	theme	in	1431:1432	arg1	examinations					1497:1508	tissue viability examinations	1480:1508	tissue viability examinations	1480:1508	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	8	89	theme	in	1431:1432	arg1	tests					1440:1444	in vitro tests	1431:1444	in vitro tests	1431:1444	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	8	89	theme	in	1431:1432	arg1	staining					1519:1526	DAPI staining	1514:1526	DAPI staining	1514:1526	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	8	89	theme	in	1431:1432	arg1	analysis					1470:1477	histological analysis	1457:1477	histological analysis	1457:1477	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	0	90	theme	guided	24:29	arg1	regeneration					38:49	guided tissue regeneration	24:49	guided tissue regeneration	24:49	3D-printed membrane for guided tissue regeneration.
29519424	1	91	theme	devices	273:279	arg1	production					223:232	the production	219:232	the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications	219:318	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	9	92	theme	epithelial	1702:1711	arg1	layer					1713:1717	the oral epithelial layer	1693:1717	the oral epithelial layer	1693:1717	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	8	93	theme	tests	1440:1444	arg1	results					1420:1426	the results	1416:1426	the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining,	1416:1527	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	1	94	theme	dental	285:290	arg1	applications					307:318	dental and orthopedic applications	285:318	dental and orthopedic applications	285:318	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	5	95	theme	Laser	892:896	arg1	imaging					908:914	3D Laser Measuring imaging	889:914	3D Laser Measuring imaging	889:914	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	5	96	contain	has	930:932	arg2	pores					940:944	small pores	934:944	small pores on one side	934:956	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	5	96	contain	has	930:932	arg1	membrane					921:928	the membrane	917:928	the membrane	917:928	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	5	96	contain	has	930:932	arg2	pores					968:972	large pores	962:972	large pores	962:972	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	2	97	theme	hybrid	388:393	arg1	suitable					429:436	suitable	429:436	suitable	429:436	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	2	97	theme	hybrid	388:393	arg1	construct					395:403	a 3D-printed hybrid construct	375:403	a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR)	375:473	The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a 3D-printed hybrid construct that can be potentially suitable for guided tissue regeneration (GTR).
29519424	1	98	theme	orthopedic	296:305	arg1	applications					307:318	dental and orthopedic applications	285:318	dental and orthopedic applications	285:318	Three-dimensional (3D) printing is currently being intensely studied for a diverse set of applications, including the development of bioengineered tissues, as well as the production of functional biomedical materials and devices for dental and orthopedic applications.
29519424	9	99	theme	underlying	1728:1737	arg1	tissues					1739:1745	the underlying tissues	1724:1745	the underlying tissues	1724:1745	The membrane has demonstrated the barrier function of a GTR membrane by thorough separation of the oral epithelial layer from the underlying tissues.
29519424	3	100	theme	%	622:622	arg1	hyaluronate					631:641	0.5% sodium hyaluronate	619:641	0.5% sodium hyaluronate	619:641	For this purpose, the rheology analyses have been performed on different bioinks and a specific solution comprising 8% gelatin, 2% elastin and 0.5% sodium hyaluronate has been selected as the most suitable composition for printing a structured membrane for GTR application.
29519424	5	101	theme	different	1013:1021	arg1	cells					1023:1027	different cells	1013:1027	different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes	1013:1075	Confirmed by 3D Laser Measuring imaging, the membrane has small pores on one side and large pores on the other to be able to accommodate different cells like osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes on different sides.
29519424	10	102	with	membrane	1877:1884	arg1	characteristics					1955:1969	surgical handling characteristics	1937:1969	surgical handling characteristics	1937:1969	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	10	102	with	membrane	1877:1884	arg1	biostability					1899:1910	optimal biostability	1891:1910	optimal biostability	1891:1910	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	10	102	with	membrane	1877:1884	arg1	strength					1924:1931	mechanical strength	1913:1931	mechanical strength	1913:1931	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	8	103	theme	tissue	1480:1485	arg1	examinations					1497:1508	tissue viability examinations	1480:1508	tissue viability examinations	1480:1508	Through seeding the membranes with fibroblast and keratinocyte cells, the results of in vitro tests, including histological analysis, tissue viability examinations and DAPI staining, indicated that the membrane has desirable in vitro biocompatibility.
29519424	10	104	theme	potential	2000:2008	arg1	application					2010:2020	potential application	2000:2020	potential application in GTR procedures	2000:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
29519424	10	105	theme	bio-resorbable	1805:1818	arg1	membrane					1877:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane	1785:1884	a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures	1785:2038	In conclusion, we have characterized a biocompatible and bio-resorbable 3D-printed structured gelatin/elastin/sodium hyaluronate membrane with optimal biostability, mechanical strength and surgical handling characteristics in terms of suturability for potential application in GTR procedures.
25447553	6	0	theme	pulp	960:963	arg1	concentration					965:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration	942:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration	942:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	3	1	theme	Expansion	594:602	arg1	index					604:608	Expansion index	594:608	Expansion index of extrudates	594:622	Expansion index of extrudates ranged between 1.0 and 1.8.
25447553	2	2	theme	Single-screw	494:505	arg1	extruder					518:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder	494:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder	494:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	1	3	from	variation	242:250	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	3	from	variation	242:250	arg1	blend					352:356	a blend	350:356	a blend of corn starch	350:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	3	from	variation	242:250	arg1	moisture					326:333	feed moisture	321:333	feed moisture (FM:16-30%)	321:345	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	3	from	variation	242:250	arg1	%					344:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	3	from	variation	242:250	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	7	4	theme	fruit	1069:1073	arg1	pulp					1075:1078	Passion fruit pulp	1061:1078	Passion fruit pulp	1061:1078	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	6	5	theme	L	1032:1032	arg1	*					1034:1034	L *	1032:1034	L *	1032:1034	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	1	6	from	pulp	391:394	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	6	from	pulp	391:394	arg1	blend					352:356	a blend	350:356	a blend of corn starch	350:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	6	from	pulp	391:394	arg1	moisture					326:333	feed moisture	321:333	feed moisture (FM:16-30%)	321:345	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	6	from	pulp	391:394	arg1	%					344:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	6	from	pulp	391:394	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	0	7	theme	edulis	126:131	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	5	8	theme	extrudates	930:939	arg1	values					920:925	higher penetration force values	895:925	higher penetration force values of extrudates	895:939	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	4	9	theme	higher	790:795	arg1	index					807:811	higher expansion index	790:811	higher expansion index	790:811	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	0	10	theme	snacks	134:139	arg1	characteristics					55:69	physicochemical characteristics	39:69	physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	39:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	5	11	theme	penetration	902:912	arg1	values					920:925	higher penetration force values	895:925	higher penetration force values of extrudates	895:939	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	1	12	theme	feed	321:324	arg1	moisture					326:333	feed moisture	321:333	feed moisture (FM:16-30%)	321:345	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	12	theme	feed	321:324	arg1	%					344:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	4	13	theme	barrel	750:755	arg1	temperature					757:767	barrel temperature	750:767	barrel temperature (127 °C)	750:776	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	4	13	theme	barrel	750:755	arg1	°C					774:775	127 °C	770:775	127 °C	770:775	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	7	14	theme	expanded	1168:1175	arg1	snacks					1177:1182	expanded snacks	1168:1182	expanded snacks	1168:1182	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	6	15	theme	b	1045:1045	arg1	*					1047:1047	b *	1045:1047	b *	1045:1047	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	6	16	theme	*	1039:1039	arg1	parameters					1049:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	7	17	theme	Passion	1061:1067	arg1	pulp					1075:1078	Passion fruit pulp	1061:1078	Passion fruit pulp	1061:1078	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	1	18	theme	temperature	262:272	arg1	variation					242:250	the variation	238:250	the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch	238:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	18	theme	temperature	262:272	arg1	PFP					226:228	PFP	226:228	PFP	226:228	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	18	theme	temperature	262:272	arg1	pulp					391:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	18	theme	temperature	262:272	arg1	pulp					220:223	passion fruit pulp	206:223	passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%)	206:235	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	0	19	theme	corn	83:86	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	0	20	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	characteristics					55:69	physicochemical characteristics	39:69	physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	39:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	0	21	theme	fruit	103:107	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	1	22	theme	zone	287:290	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	22	theme	zone	287:290	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	0	23	theme	extruded	74:81	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	1	24	theme	expanded	453:460	arg1	snacks					462:467	directly expanded snacks	444:467	directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology	444:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	25	from	extruder	292:299	arg1	variation					242:250	the variation	238:250	the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch	238:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	25	from	extruder	292:299	arg1	PFP					226:228	PFP	226:228	PFP	226:228	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	25	from	extruder	292:299	arg1	pulp					391:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	25	from	extruder	292:299	arg1	pulp					220:223	passion fruit pulp	206:223	passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%)	206:235	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	7	26	theme	dietary	1132:1138	arg1	fibers					1140:1145	dietary fibers	1132:1145	dietary fibers	1132:1145	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	4	27	theme	pulp	701:704	arg1	concentration					706:718	passion fruit pulp concentration	687:718	passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%)	687:726	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	4	27	theme	pulp	701:704	arg1	%					725:725	1.42%	721:725	1.42%	721:725	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	0	28	theme	variables	26:34	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.	0:140	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	7	29	theme	proteins	1119:1126	arg1	source					1097:1102	a reasonable source	1084:1102	a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks	1084:1182	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	0	30	theme	physicochemical	39:53	arg1	characteristics					55:69	physicochemical characteristics	39:69	physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	39:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	5	31	theme	higher	895:900	arg1	values					920:925	higher penetration force values	895:925	higher penetration force values of extrudates	895:939	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	6	32	theme	significant	995:1005	arg1	p ≤ 0.01					1015:1022	p ≤ 0.01	1015:1022	p ≤ 0.01	1015:1022	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	6	32	theme	significant	995:1005	arg1	effect					1007:1012	a highly significant effect	986:1012	a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters	986:1058	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	1	33	theme	fruit	385:389	arg1	pulp					391:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	2	34	used	used	588:591	arg2	extruder					518:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder	494:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder	494:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	2	34	used	used	588:591	arg2	design					576:581	a central, composite, rotatable experimental design	531:581	a central, composite, rotatable experimental design	531:581	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	1	35	theme	addition	194:201	arg1	effect					180:185	the effect	176:185	the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology	176:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	5	36	theme	passion	850:856	arg1	concentration					869:881	passion fruit pulp concentration	850:881	passion fruit pulp concentration	850:881	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	1	37	from	blend	352:356	arg1	addition					194:201	the addition	190:201	the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp	190:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	4	38	theme	passion	687:693	arg1	concentration					706:718	passion fruit pulp concentration	687:718	passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%)	687:726	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	4	38	theme	passion	687:693	arg1	%					725:725	1.42%	721:725	1.42%	721:725	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	1	39	theme	passion	206:212	arg1	PFP					226:228	PFP	226:228	PFP	226:228	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	39	theme	passion	206:212	arg1	pulp					220:223	passion fruit pulp	206:223	passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%)	206:235	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	5	40	theme	pulp	864:867	arg1	concentration					869:881	passion fruit pulp concentration	850:881	passion fruit pulp concentration	850:881	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	3	41	theme	extrudates	613:622	arg1	index					604:608	Expansion index	594:608	Expansion index of extrudates	594:622	Expansion index of extrudates ranged between 1.0 and 1.8.
25447553	1	42	theme	physicochemical	409:423	arg1	characteristics					425:439	different physicochemical characteristics	399:439	different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology	399:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	43	theme	pulp	220:223	arg1	addition					194:201	the addition	190:201	the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp	190:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	2	44	theme	laboratory	507:516	arg1	extruder					518:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder	494:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder	494:525	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	6	45	theme	fruit	954:958	arg1	concentration					965:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration	942:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration	942:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	6	46	theme	*	1034:1034	arg1	parameters					1049:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	1	47	theme	work	158:161	arg1	aim					146:148	The aim	142:148	The aim of this work	142:161	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	2	48	theme	central	533:539	arg1	design					576:581	a central, composite, rotatable experimental design	531:581	a central, composite, rotatable experimental design	531:581	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	1	49	theme	corn	361:364	arg1	starch					366:371	corn starch	361:371	corn starch	361:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	2	50	dep	central	533:539	arg1	rotatable					553:561	rotatable	553:561	rotatable	553:561	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	2	50	dep	central	533:539	arg1	composite					542:550	composite	542:550	composite	542:550	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	1	51	theme	passion	377:383	arg1	pulp					391:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	7	52	theme	β-carotene	1107:1116	arg1	source					1097:1102	a reasonable source	1084:1102	a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks	1084:1182	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	1	53	from	pulp	220:223	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	53	from	pulp	220:223	arg1	blend					352:356	a blend	350:356	a blend of corn starch	350:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	53	from	pulp	220:223	arg1	moisture					326:333	feed moisture	321:333	feed moisture (FM:16-30%)	321:345	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	53	from	pulp	220:223	arg1	%					344:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	53	from	pulp	220:223	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	54	theme	third	281:285	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	54	theme	third	281:285	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	55	dep	PFP	226:228	arg1	%					234:234	0-7%	231:234	0-7%	231:234	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	6	56	theme	*	1047:1047	arg1	parameters					1049:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	1	57	from	addition	194:201	arg1	blend					352:356	a blend	350:356	a blend of corn starch	350:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	5	58	theme	force	914:918	arg1	values					920:925	higher penetration force values	895:925	higher penetration force values of extrudates	895:939	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	1	59	from	effect	180:185	arg1	characteristics					425:439	different physicochemical characteristics	399:439	different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology	399:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	60	from	moisture	326:333	arg1	variation					242:250	the variation	238:250	the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch	238:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	60	from	moisture	326:333	arg1	PFP					226:228	PFP	226:228	PFP	226:228	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	60	from	moisture	326:333	arg1	pulp					391:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	passion fruit pulp	377:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	60	from	moisture	326:333	arg1	pulp					220:223	passion fruit pulp	206:223	passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%)	206:235	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	6	61	theme	a	1037:1037	arg1	*					1039:1039	a *	1037:1039	a *	1037:1039	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	0	62	theme	starch-passion	88:101	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	2	63	theme	experimental	563:574	arg1	design					576:581	a central, composite, rotatable experimental design	531:581	a central, composite, rotatable experimental design	531:581	Single-screw laboratory extruder and a central, composite, rotatable experimental design were used.
25447553	0	64	theme	pulp	109:112	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	7	65	contain	has	1080:1082	arg2	source					1097:1102	a reasonable source	1084:1102	a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks	1084:1182	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	7	65	contain	has	1080:1082	arg1	pulp					1075:1078	Passion fruit pulp	1061:1078	Passion fruit pulp	1061:1078	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	4	66	theme	expansion	797:805	arg1	index					807:811	higher expansion index	790:811	higher expansion index	790:811	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	4	67	theme	feed	666:669	arg1	moisture					671:678	feed moisture	666:678	feed moisture (18%)	666:684	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	4	67	theme	feed	666:669	arg1	%					683:683	18%	681:683	18%	681:683	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	0	68	theme	Passiflora	115:124	arg1	snacks					134:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks	74:139	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	5	69	theme	feed	832:835	arg1	moisture					837:844	feed moisture	832:844	feed moisture	832:844	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	6	70	theme	passion	946:952	arg1	concentration					965:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration	942:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration	942:977	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	1	71	theme	BT	302:303	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	71	theme	BT	302:303	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	7	72	theme	fibers	1140:1145	arg1	source					1097:1102	a reasonable source	1084:1102	a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks	1084:1182	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	1	73	theme	snacks	462:467	arg1	characteristics					425:439	different physicochemical characteristics	399:439	different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology	399:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	0	74	theme	extrusion	16:24	arg1	variables					26:34	some extrusion variables	11:34	some extrusion variables	11:34	Effects of some extrusion variables on physicochemical characteristics of extruded corn starch-passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis) snacks.
25447553	1	75	theme	extrusion	472:480	arg1	technology					482:491	extrusion technology	472:491	extrusion technology	472:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	4	76	theme	fruit	695:699	arg1	concentration					706:718	passion fruit pulp concentration	687:718	passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%)	687:726	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	4	76	theme	fruit	695:699	arg1	%					725:725	1.42%	721:725	1.42%	721:725	Decreasing of feed moisture (18%), passion fruit pulp concentration (1.42%) and the increasing of barrel temperature (127 °C) resulted in higher expansion index.
25447553	1	77	theme	starch	366:371	arg1	blend					352:356	a blend	350:356	a blend of corn starch	350:371	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	78	from	temperature	262:272	arg1	°C					313:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	BT: 80-140 °C	302:314	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	78	from	temperature	262:272	arg1	extruder					292:299	the third zone extruder	277:299	the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C)	277:315	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	78	from	temperature	262:272	arg1	moisture					326:333	feed moisture	321:333	feed moisture (FM:16-30%)	321:345	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	78	from	temperature	262:272	arg1	%					344:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	FM:16-30%	336:344	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	79	theme	variation	242:250	arg1	addition					194:201	the addition	190:201	the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp	190:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	6	80	from	effect	1007:1012	arg1	parameters					1049:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	the L *, a * and b * parameters	1028:1058	The passion fruit pulp concentration showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) on the L *, a * and b * parameters.
25447553	1	81	theme	barrel	255:260	arg1	temperature					262:272	barrel temperature	255:272	barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%)	255:345	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	7	82	theme	reasonable	1086:1095	arg1	source					1097:1102	a reasonable source	1084:1102	a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks	1084:1182	Passion fruit pulp has a reasonable source of β-carotene, proteins and dietary fibers that can be added to expanded snacks.
25447553	1	83	theme	pulp	391:394	arg1	addition					194:201	the addition	190:201	the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp	190:394	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	5	84	theme	fruit	858:862	arg1	concentration					869:881	passion fruit pulp concentration	850:881	passion fruit pulp concentration	850:881	The increasing of feed moisture and passion fruit pulp concentration resulted in higher penetration force values of extrudates.
25447553	1	85	theme	different	399:407	arg1	characteristics					425:439	different physicochemical characteristics	399:439	different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology	399:491	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	86	theme	fruit	214:218	arg1	PFP					226:228	PFP	226:228	PFP	226:228	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
25447553	1	86	theme	fruit	214:218	arg1	pulp					220:223	passion fruit pulp	206:223	passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%)	206:235	The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of passion fruit pulp (PFP: 0-7%), the variation of barrel temperature in the third zone extruder (BT: 80-140 °C) and feed moisture (FM:16-30%) in a blend of corn starch and passion fruit pulp on different physicochemical characteristics of directly expanded snacks by extrusion technology.
28148688	5	0	theme	wild-type	801:809	arg1	RNA					823:825	wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	801:825	wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	801:825	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	6	1	theme	thymic	985:990	arg1	differentiation					1019:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	6	2	theme	lymphohematopoietic	933:951	arg1	cells					964:968	lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	933:968	lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	933:968	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	1	3	theme	T	144:144	arg1	immunodeficiency					151:166	T cell immunodeficiency	144:166	T cell immunodeficiency	144:166	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	7	4	with	cause	1083:1087	arg1	dysplasia					1131:1139	skeletal dysplasia	1122:1139	skeletal dysplasia	1122:1139	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	7	4	with	cause	1083:1087	arg1	delay					1159:1163	developmental delay	1145:1163	developmental delay	1145:1163	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	0	5	theme	developmental	65:77	arg1	delay					79:83	developmental delay	65:83	developmental delay	65:83	EXTL3 mutations cause skeletal dysplasia, immune deficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	4	6	theme	STAT5	554:558	arg1	phosphorylation					560:574	Interleukin-2-mediated STAT5 phosphorylation	531:574	Interleukin-2-mediated STAT5 phosphorylation in patients' lymphocytes	531:599	Interleukin-2-mediated STAT5 phosphorylation in patients' lymphocytes was markedly reduced.
28148688	5	7	theme	Tg	678:679	arg1	zebrafish					724:732	Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	678:732	Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	678:732	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	5	8	theme	extl3-mutant	644:655	arg1	zebrafish					657:665	the extl3-mutant zebrafish	640:665	the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box)	640:671	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	5	8	theme	extl3-mutant	644:655	arg1	box					668:670	box	668:670	box	668:670	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	1	9	theme	cell	146:149	arg1	immunodeficiency					151:166	T cell immunodeficiency	144:166	T cell immunodeficiency	144:166	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	3	10	theme	Patient-derived	361:375	arg1	fibroblasts					377:387	Patient-derived fibroblasts	361:387	Patient-derived fibroblasts	361:387	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	4	11	theme	Interleukin-2-mediated	531:552	arg1	phosphorylation					560:574	Interleukin-2-mediated STAT5 phosphorylation	531:574	Interleukin-2-mediated STAT5 phosphorylation in patients' lymphocytes	531:599	Interleukin-2-mediated STAT5 phosphorylation in patients' lymphocytes was markedly reduced.
28148688	5	12	theme	green	686:690	arg1	protein					704:710	green fluorescent protein	686:710	rag2:green fluorescent protein	681:710	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	5	13	theme	zebrafish	657:665	arg1	Interbreeding					623:635	Interbreeding	623:635	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	623:732	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	5	14	dep	zebrafish	724:732	arg1	rag2					681:684	rag2	681:684	rag2:green fluorescent protein	681:710	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	7	15	from	development	1239:1249	arg1	thymopoiesis					1203:1214	thymopoiesis	1203:1214	thymopoiesis	1203:1214	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	5	16	theme	fluorescent	692:702	arg1	protein					704:710	green fluorescent protein	686:710	rag2:green fluorescent protein	681:710	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	3	17	theme	cDNA	525:528	arg1	overexpression					491:504	overexpression	491:504	overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA	491:528	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	1	18	theme	skeletal	124:131	arg1	dysplasia					133:141	severe skeletal dysplasia	117:141	severe skeletal dysplasia	117:141	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	6	19	theme	cells	964:968	arg1	expansion					920:928	a reduced expansion	910:928	a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	910:968	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	6	19	theme	cells	964:968	arg1	defects					974:980	defects	974:980	defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	974:1033	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	20	theme	crucial	1181:1187	arg1	role					1189:1192	a crucial role	1179:1192	a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis	1179:1214	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	3	21	link	Patient-derived	361:375	arg1	fibroblasts					377:387	Patient-derived fibroblasts	361:387	Patient-derived fibroblasts	361:387	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	3	22	theme	altered	424:430	arg1	signaling					459:467	altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling	424:467	altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling	424:467	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	6	23	theme	progenitor	953:962	arg1	cells					964:968	lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	933:968	lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	933:968	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	5	24	theme	EXTL3	817:821	arg1	RNA					823:825	wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	801:825	wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	801:825	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	6	25	theme	Targeted	828:835	arg1	differentiation					837:851	Targeted differentiation	828:851	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	828:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	26	theme	EXTL3	1056:1060	arg1	mutations					1062:1070	EXTL3 mutations	1056:1070	EXTL3 mutations	1056:1070	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	7	26	theme	EXTL3	1056:1060	arg1	cause					1083:1087	a novel cause	1075:1087	a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay	1075:1163	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	3	27	theme	HS	405:406	arg1	composition					408:418	abnormal HS composition	396:418	abnormal HS composition	396:418	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	5	28	theme	human	811:815	arg1	RNA					823:825	wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	801:825	wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	801:825	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	1	29	with	patients	103:110	arg1	immunodeficiency					151:166	T cell immunodeficiency	144:166	T cell immunodeficiency	144:166	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	1	29	with	patients	103:110	arg1	dysplasia					133:141	severe skeletal dysplasia	117:141	severe skeletal dysplasia	117:141	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	1	29	with	patients	103:110	arg1	delay					187:191	developmental delay	173:191	developmental delay	173:191	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	2	30	theme	heparan	326:332	arg1	HS					343:344	HS	343:344	HS	343:344	Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis.
28148688	2	30	theme	heparan	326:332	arg1	sulfate					334:340	heparan sulfate	326:340	heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis	326:358	Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis.
28148688	3	31	theme	factor	450:455	arg1	signaling					459:467	altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling	424:467	altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling	424:467	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	0	32	theme	EXTL3	0:4	arg1	mutations					6:14	EXTL3 mutations	0:14	EXTL3 mutations	0:14	EXTL3 mutations cause skeletal dysplasia, immune deficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	7	33	theme	brain	1233:1237	arg1	development					1239:1249	brain development	1233:1249	brain development	1233:1249	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	7	34	theme	developmental	1145:1157	arg1	delay					1159:1163	developmental delay	1145:1163	developmental delay	1145:1163	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	1	35	theme	developmental	173:185	arg1	delay					187:191	developmental delay	173:191	developmental delay	173:191	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	0	36	theme	skeletal	22:29	arg1	dysplasia					31:39	skeletal dysplasia	22:39	skeletal dysplasia	22:39	EXTL3 mutations cause skeletal dysplasia, immune deficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	6	37	theme	induced	872:878	arg1	cells					897:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	38	theme	immune	1099:1104	arg1	deficiency					1106:1115	severe immune deficiency	1092:1115	severe immune deficiency	1092:1115	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	3	39	theme	abnormal	396:403	arg1	composition					408:418	abnormal HS composition	396:418	abnormal HS composition	396:418	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	5	40	theme	defective	743:751	arg1	thymopoiesis					753:764	defective thymopoiesis	743:764	defective thymopoiesis	743:764	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	3	41	theme	fibroblast	432:441	arg1	factor					450:455	fibroblast growth factor 2	432:457	altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling	424:467	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	5	42	with	Interbreeding	623:635	arg1	zebrafish					724:732	Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	678:732	Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	678:732	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	3	43	theme	growth	443:448	arg1	factor					450:455	fibroblast growth factor 2	432:457	altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling	424:467	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	5	44	theme	RNA	823:825	arg1	injection					788:796	injection	788:796	injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA	788:825	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	6	45	theme	reduced	912:918	arg1	expansion					920:928	a reduced expansion	910:928	a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	910:968	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	2	46	theme	missense	237:244	arg1	mutations					246:254	homozygous missense mutations	226:254	homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis	226:358	Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis.
28148688	7	47	theme	severe	1092:1097	arg1	deficiency					1106:1115	severe immune deficiency	1092:1115	severe immune deficiency	1092:1115	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	6	48	theme	differentiation	1019:1033	arg1	expansion					920:928	a reduced expansion	910:928	a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells	910:968	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	6	48	theme	differentiation	1019:1033	arg1	defects					974:980	defects	974:980	defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	974:1033	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	49	theme	skeletal	1122:1129	arg1	dysplasia					1131:1139	skeletal dysplasia	1122:1139	skeletal dysplasia	1122:1139	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	2	50	theme	homozygous	226:235	arg1	mutations					246:254	homozygous missense mutations	226:254	homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis	226:358	Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis.
28148688	7	51	theme	deficiency	1106:1115	arg1	mutations					1062:1070	EXTL3 mutations	1056:1070	EXTL3 mutations	1056:1070	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	7	51	theme	deficiency	1106:1115	arg1	cause					1083:1087	a novel cause	1075:1087	a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay	1075:1163	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	3	52	theme	wild-type	509:517	arg1	cDNA					525:528	wild-type EXTL3 cDNA	509:528	wild-type EXTL3 cDNA	509:528	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	0	53	theme	immune	42:47	arg1	deficiency					49:58	immune deficiency	42:58	immune deficiency	42:58	EXTL3 mutations cause skeletal dysplasia, immune deficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	6	54	theme	cell	1014:1017	arg1	differentiation					1019:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	6	55	theme	cells	897:901	arg1	differentiation					837:851	Targeted differentiation	828:851	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	828:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	6	56	link	patient-derived	856:870	arg1	cells					897:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	3	57	theme	EXTL3	519:523	arg1	cDNA					525:528	wild-type EXTL3 cDNA	509:528	wild-type EXTL3 cDNA	509:528	Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was rescued by overexpression of wild-type EXTL3 cDNA.
28148688	6	58	theme	progenitor	1003:1012	arg1	differentiation					1019:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	5	59	theme	transgenic	713:722	arg1	zebrafish					724:732	Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	678:732	Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish	678:732	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	2	60	theme	Whole-exome	194:204	arg1	sequencing					206:215	Whole-exome sequencing	194:215	Whole-exome sequencing	194:215	Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis.
28148688	6	61	theme	patient-derived	856:870	arg1	cells					897:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	1	62	theme	severe	117:122	arg1	dysplasia					133:141	severe skeletal dysplasia	117:141	severe skeletal dysplasia	117:141	We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay.
28148688	5	63	dep	rag2	681:684	arg1	protein					704:710	green fluorescent protein	686:710	rag2:green fluorescent protein	681:710	Interbreeding of the extl3-mutant zebrafish (box) with Tg(rag2:green fluorescent protein) transgenic zebrafish revealed defective thymopoiesis, which was rescued by injection of wild-type human EXTL3 RNA.
28148688	6	64	theme	stem	892:895	arg1	cells					897:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	65	from	role	1189:1192	arg1	thymopoiesis					1203:1214	thymopoiesis	1203:1214	thymopoiesis	1203:1214	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	2	66	theme	sulfate	334:340	arg1	biosynthesis					347:358	heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis	326:358	heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis	326:358	Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis.
28148688	6	67	theme	pluripotent	880:890	arg1	cells					897:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells	856:901	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	68	theme	novel	1077:1081	arg1	mutations					1062:1070	EXTL3 mutations	1056:1070	EXTL3 mutations	1056:1070	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	7	68	theme	novel	1077:1081	arg1	cause					1083:1087	a novel cause	1075:1087	a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay	1075:1163	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	6	69	theme	epithelial	992:1001	arg1	differentiation					1019:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation	985:1033	Targeted differentiation of patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells showed a reduced expansion of lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells and defects of thymic epithelial progenitor cell differentiation.
28148688	7	70	theme	HS	1197:1198	arg1	role					1189:1192	a crucial role	1179:1192	a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis	1179:1214	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
28148688	7	70	theme	HS	1197:1198	arg1	development					1239:1249	brain development	1233:1249	brain development	1233:1249	These data identify EXTL3 mutations as a novel cause of severe immune deficiency with skeletal dysplasia and developmental delay and underline a crucial role of HS in thymopoiesis and skeletal and brain development.
27088973	0	0	theme	Citrus	89:94	arg1	Species					96:102	Four Citrus Species	84:102	Four Citrus Species	84:102	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	9	1	theme	limonia	1338:1344	arg1	effect					1312:1317	Anti-inflammatory effect	1294:1317	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia	1294:1344	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	1	2	theme	essential	172:180	arg1	oils					182:185	their essential oils	166:185	their essential oils	166:185	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	9	3	theme	limon	1325:1329	arg1	effect					1312:1317	Anti-inflammatory effect	1294:1317	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia	1294:1344	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	10	4	from	limonia	1585:1591	arg1	EOs					1543:1545	these EOs	1537:1545	these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	1537:1591	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	4	5	theme	plate	859:863	arg1	model					865:869	the hot plate model	851:869	the hot plate model	851:869	A possible antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the hot plate model.
27088973	2	6	theme	phytochemical	352:364	arg1	composition					366:376	the phytochemical composition	348:376	the phytochemical composition	348:376	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	7	7	theme	limonene	1211:1218	arg1	limonene					1211:1218	pure limonene	1206:1218	pure limonene	1206:1218	These effects were also obtained with similar amounts of pure limonene.
27088973	7	7	theme	limonene	1211:1218	arg1	amounts					1195:1201	similar amounts	1187:1201	similar amounts of pure limonene	1187:1218	These effects were also obtained with similar amounts of pure limonene.
27088973	1	8	contain	have	119:122	arg2	properties					151:160	potential health-promoting properties	124:160	potential health-promoting properties	124:160	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	1	8	contain	have	119:122	arg1	fruits					112:117	Citrus fruits	105:117	Citrus fruits	105:117	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	0	9	theme	Species	96:102	arg1	Oils					76:79	the Essential Oils	62:79	the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species	62:102	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	3	10	theme	licking	708:714	arg1	inflammation					677:688	chemical induced inflammation	660:688	chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response)	660:724	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	10	theme	licking	708:714	arg1	response					716:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	6	11	from	limonia	1007:1013	arg1	EOs					965:967	EOs	965:967	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	965:1013	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	10	12	theme	significant	1600:1610	arg1	effect					1630:1635	a significant anti-inflammatory effect	1598:1635	a significant anti-inflammatory effect	1598:1635	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	5	13	theme	limonene	931:938	arg1	presence					909:916	the presence	905:916	the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others	905:962	Phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others.
27088973	10	14	from	aurantifolia	1565:1576	arg1	EOs					1543:1545	these EOs	1537:1545	these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	1537:1591	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	3	15	dep	100	589:591	arg1	to					586:587	to	586:587	to	586:587	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	6	16	theme	cytokine	1079:1086	arg1	production					1088:1097	cytokine production	1079:1097	cytokine production	1079:1097	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	7	17	theme	pure	1206:1209	arg1	limonene					1211:1218	pure limonene	1206:1218	pure limonene	1206:1218	These effects were also obtained with similar amounts of pure limonene.
27088973	6	18	from	limon	977:981	arg1	EOs					965:967	EOs	965:967	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	965:1013	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	2	19	from	effects	250:256	arg1	study					299:303	this study	294:303	this study	294:303	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	7	20	theme	similar	1187:1193	arg1	limonene					1211:1218	pure limonene	1206:1218	pure limonene	1206:1218	These effects were also obtained with similar amounts of pure limonene.
27088973	7	20	theme	similar	1187:1193	arg1	amounts					1195:1201	similar amounts	1187:1201	similar amounts of pure limonene	1187:1218	These effects were also obtained with similar amounts of pure limonene.
27088973	3	21	theme	formalin-induced	691:706	arg1	inflammation					677:688	chemical induced inflammation	660:688	chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response)	660:724	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	21	theme	formalin-induced	691:706	arg1	response					716:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	4	22	theme	hot	855:857	arg1	model					865:869	the hot plate model	851:869	the hot plate model	851:869	A possible antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the hot plate model.
27088973	2	23	theme	anti-inflammatory	395:411	arg1	effect					413:418	the anti-inflammatory effect	391:418	the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species	391:485	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	0	24	theme	Anti-Inflammatory	0:16	arg1	Properties					18:27	Anti-Inflammatory Properties	0:27	Anti-Inflammatory Properties	0:27	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	3	25	theme	carrageenan-induced	730:748	arg1	inflammation					750:761	carrageenan-induced inflammation	730:761	carrageenan-induced inflammation	730:761	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	5	26	theme	γ-terpinene	941:951	arg1	presence					909:916	the presence	905:916	the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others	905:962	Phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others.
27088973	5	27	theme	Phytochemical	872:884	arg1	analyses					886:893	Phytochemical analyses	872:893	Phytochemical analyses	872:893	Phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others.
27088973	0	28	theme	Chemical	33:40	arg1	Characterization					42:57	Chemical Characterization	33:57	Chemical Characterization	33:57	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	1	29	theme	Citrus	105:110	arg1	fruits					112:117	Citrus fruits	105:117	Citrus fruits	105:117	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	5	30	theme	others	957:962	arg1	presence					909:916	the presence	905:916	the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others	905:962	Phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others.
27088973	2	31	theme	Citrus	472:477	arg1	species					479:485	four different Citrus species	457:485	four different Citrus species	457:485	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	1	32	theme	several	210:216	arg1	applications					218:229	several applications	210:229	several applications	210:229	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	5	33	theme	geranial	921:928	arg1	presence					909:916	the presence	905:916	the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others	905:962	Phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of geranial, limonene, γ-terpinene and others.
27088973	4	34	theme	antinociceptive	811:825	arg1	effect					827:832	A possible antinociceptive effect	800:832	A possible antinociceptive effect	800:832	A possible antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the hot plate model.
27088973	6	35	theme	cell	1063:1066	arg1	migration					1068:1076	cell migration	1063:1076	cell migration	1063:1076	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	2	36	theme	oils	433:436	arg1	effect					413:418	the anti-inflammatory effect	391:418	the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species	391:485	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	8	37	theme	C.	1247:1248	arg1	aurantifolia					1250:1261	C. aurantifolia	1247:1261	C. aurantifolia	1247:1261	It was also observed that C. aurantifolia induced myelotoxicity in mice.
27088973	3	38	theme	subcutaneous	770:781	arg1	model					793:797	the subcutaneous air pouch model	766:797	the subcutaneous air pouch model	766:797	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	10	39	theme	anti-inflammatory	1612:1628	arg1	effect					1630:1635	a significant anti-inflammatory effect	1598:1635	a significant anti-inflammatory effect	1598:1635	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	2	40	theme	biological	239:248	arg1	effects					250:256	biological effects	239:256	biological effects described to some citrus species in this study	239:303	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	2	41	theme	essential	423:431	arg1	oils					433:436	essential oils	423:436	essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species	423:485	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	2	41	theme	essential	423:431	arg1	EO					439:440	EO	439:440	EO	439:440	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	0	42	theme	Essential	66:74	arg1	Oils					76:79	the Essential Oils	62:79	the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species	62:102	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	3	43	theme	air	783:785	arg1	model					793:797	the subcutaneous air pouch model	766:797	the subcutaneous air pouch model	766:797	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	2	44	theme	different	462:470	arg1	species					479:485	four different Citrus species	457:485	four different Citrus species	457:485	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	9	45	theme	Anti-inflammatory	1294:1310	arg1	effect					1312:1317	Anti-inflammatory effect	1294:1317	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia	1294:1344	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	10	46	contain	have	1593:1596	arg2	effect					1630:1635	a significant anti-inflammatory effect	1598:1635	a significant anti-inflammatory effect	1598:1635	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	10	46	contain	have	1593:1596	arg1	EOs					1543:1545	these EOs	1537:1545	these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	1537:1591	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	1	47	theme	potential	124:132	arg1	properties					151:160	potential health-promoting properties	124:160	potential health-promoting properties	124:160	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	2	48	theme	citrus	276:281	arg1	species					283:289	some citrus species	271:289	some citrus species	271:289	Due to biological effects described to some citrus species in this study our objectives were to analyze and compare the phytochemical composition and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of essential oils (EO) obtained from four different Citrus species.
27088973	1	49	used	used	202:205	arg2	oils					182:185	their essential oils	166:185	their essential oils	166:185	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	4	50	theme	possible	802:809	arg1	effect					827:832	A possible antinociceptive effect	800:832	A possible antinociceptive effect	800:832	A possible antinociceptive effect was evaluated in the hot plate model.
27088973	1	51	theme	health-promoting	134:149	arg1	properties					151:160	potential health-promoting properties	124:160	potential health-promoting properties	124:160	Citrus fruits have potential health-promoting properties and their essential oils have long been used in several applications.
27088973	9	52	theme	limonene	1391:1398	arg1	quantities					1377:1386	their large quantities	1365:1386	their large quantities of limonene	1365:1398	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	10	53	from	limon	1555:1559	arg1	EOs					1543:1545	these EOs	1537:1545	these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	1537:1591	Our results indicate that these EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia have a significant anti-inflammatory effect; however, care should be taken with C. aurantifolia.
27088973	3	54	theme	anti-inflammatory	616:632	arg1	effects					634:640	their anti-inflammatory effects	610:640	their anti-inflammatory effects	610:640	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	55	dep	latifolia	541:549	arg1	p.o.					600:603	p.o.	600:603	p.o.	600:603	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	55	dep	latifolia	541:549	arg1	mg/kg					593:597	10 to 100 mg/kg	583:597	10 to 100 mg/kg	583:597	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	9	56	theme	citral	1503:1508	arg1	concentration					1486:1498	the high concentration	1477:1498	the high concentration of citral	1477:1508	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	9	56	theme	citral	1503:1508	arg1	myelotoxicity					1411:1423	the myelotoxicity	1407:1423	the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia	1407:1453	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	9	57	theme	high	1481:1484	arg1	concentration					1486:1498	the high concentration	1477:1498	the high concentration of citral	1477:1508	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	9	57	theme	high	1481:1484	arg1	myelotoxicity					1411:1423	the myelotoxicity	1407:1423	the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia	1407:1453	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
27088973	6	58	theme	anti-inflammatory	1025:1041	arg1	effects					1043:1049	anti-inflammatory effects	1025:1049	anti-inflammatory effects	1025:1049	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	3	59	theme	chemical	660:667	arg1	inflammation					677:688	chemical induced inflammation	660:688	chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response)	660:724	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	59	theme	chemical	660:667	arg1	response					716:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	60	theme	pouch	787:791	arg1	model					793:797	the subcutaneous air pouch model	766:797	the subcutaneous air pouch model	766:797	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	0	61	theme	Oils	76:79	arg1	Properties					18:27	Anti-Inflammatory Properties	0:27	Anti-Inflammatory Properties	0:27	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	0	61	theme	Oils	76:79	arg1	Characterization					42:57	Chemical Characterization	33:57	Chemical Characterization	33:57	Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Chemical Characterization of the Essential Oils of Four Citrus Species.
27088973	3	62	theme	induced	669:675	arg1	inflammation					677:688	chemical induced inflammation	660:688	chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response)	660:724	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	3	62	theme	induced	669:675	arg1	response					716:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	formalin-induced licking response	691:723	Mice were treated with EO obtained from C. limon, C. latifolia, C. aurantifolia or C. limonia (10 to 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated in chemical induced inflammation (formalin-induced licking response) and carrageenan-induced inflammation in the subcutaneous air pouch model.
27088973	6	63	from	aurantifolia	987:998	arg1	EOs					965:967	EOs	965:967	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia	965:1013	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	6	64	theme	protein	1103:1109	arg1	extravasation					1111:1123	protein extravasation	1103:1123	protein extravasation	1103:1123	EOs from C. limon, C. aurantifolia and C. limonia exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cell migration, cytokine production and protein extravasation induced by carrageenan.
27088973	9	65	theme	large	1371:1375	arg1	quantities					1377:1386	their large quantities	1365:1386	their large quantities of limonene	1365:1398	Anti-inflammatory effect of C. limon and C. limonia is probably due to their large quantities of limonene, while the myelotoxicity observed with C. aurantifolia is most likely due to the high concentration of citral.
26060216	13	0	theme	endolithica	1707:1717	arg1	sp					1719:1720	the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1680:1720	the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1680:1720	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	9	1	theme	fatty	838:842	arg1	%					835:835	>10%	832:835	>10%	832:835	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	9	1	theme	fatty	838:842	arg1	acids					844:848	Major (>10%) fatty acids	825:848	Major (>10%) fatty acids	825:848	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	15	2	dep	=	1821:1821	arg1	NBRC					1823:1826	NBRC 110608	1823:1833	NBRC 110608(T)	1823:1836	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	15	2	dep	=	1821:1821	arg1	T					1835:1835	T	1835:1835	T	1835:1835	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	17	3	dep	type	1989:1992	arg1	the					1985:1987	the	1985:1987	the	1985:1987	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	4	theme	genus	2018:2022	arg1	Tamlicoccus					2024:2034	the genus Tamlicoccus	2014:2034	the genus Tamlicoccus	2014:2034	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	7	5	theme	type	779:782	arg1	A4α					784:786	the type A4α	775:786	the type A4α	775:786	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	1	6	theme	marina	177:182	arg1	comb					184:187	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	159:187	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	159:187	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	11	7	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1186:1202	arg1	humi					1204:1207	Barrientosiimonas humi 39	1186:1210	Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%)	1186:1222	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	7	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1186:1202	arg1	T					1212:1212	T	1212:1212	T	1212:1212	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	7	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1186:1202	arg1	%					1221:1221	98.65%	1216:1221	98.65%	1216:1221	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	3	8	from	located	314:320	arg1	Uttar					335:339	Uttar	335:339	Uttar	335:339	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	3	8	from	located	314:320	arg1	India					350:354	India	350:354	India	350:354	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	17	9	theme	Barrientosiimonas	2040:2056	arg1	reclassification					1940:1955	a reclassification	1938:1955	a reclassification	1938:1955	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	9	theme	Barrientosiimonas	2040:2056	arg1	comb					2065:2068	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	2040:2068	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	2040:2068	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	18	10	theme	genus	2132:2136	arg1	Barrientosiimonas					2138:2154	the genus Barrientosiimonas	2128:2154	the genus Barrientosiimonas	2128:2154	nov., which implies the emendation of the description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	11	11	dep	Tamlicoccus	1228:1238	arg1	marinus					1240:1246	marinus	1240:1246	marinus	1240:1246	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	2	12	theme	emended	199:205	arg1	description					207:217	emended description	199:217	emended description	199:217	nov. and emended description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	1	13	theme	genus	107:111	arg1	2013					150:153	the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013	103:153	the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013	103:153	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	12	14	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1374:1390	arg1	CGMCC					1397:1401	Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864	1374:1408	Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T))	1374:1422	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	14	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1374:1390	arg1	T					1410:1410	T	1410:1410	T	1410:1410	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	4	15	theme	JC268	373:377	arg1	Cells					357:361	Cells	357:361	Cells of strain JC268(T)	357:380	Cells of strain JC268(T) were coccoid, appeared in pairs/triads/tetrads or short chains and were Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile and obligately aerobic.
26060216	13	16	theme	polyphasic	1565:1574	arg1	analyses					1586:1593	phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1548:1593	phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1548:1593	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	12	17	theme	strain	1353:1358	arg1	JC268					1360:1364	strain JC268	1353:1364	strain JC268(T)	1353:1367	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	17	theme	strain	1353:1358	arg1	T					1366:1366	T	1366:1366	T	1366:1366	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	15	18	dep	JC268	1794:1798	arg1	=					1821:1821	=	1821:1821	=	1821:1821	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	11	19	theme	Dermacoccaceae	1280:1293	arg1	T					1255:1255	T	1255:1255	T	1255:1255	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	19	theme	Dermacoccaceae	1280:1293	arg1	T					1212:1212	T	1212:1212	T	1212:1212	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	19	theme	Dermacoccaceae	1280:1293	arg1	MSW-24					1248:1253	Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24	1228:1253	Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%)	1228:1264	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	19	theme	Dermacoccaceae	1280:1293	arg1	%					1263:1263	97.8%	1259:1263	97.8%	1259:1263	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	19	theme	Dermacoccaceae	1280:1293	arg1	humi					1204:1207	Barrientosiimonas humi 39	1186:1210	Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%)	1186:1222	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	19	theme	Dermacoccaceae	1280:1293	arg1	%					1221:1221	98.65%	1216:1221	98.65%	1216:1221	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	Diphosphatidylglycerol					905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	glycolipid					970:979	glycolipid	970:979	glycolipid	970:979	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	lipids					1055:1060	the polar lipids	1045:1060	the polar lipids of strain JC268(T)	1045:1079	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	lipid					1017:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	phosphoglycolipid					929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	phospholipid					1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	phosphatidylinositol					948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	20	theme	unidentified	987:998	arg1	lipids					1000:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	2	21	theme	genus	226:230	arg1	Barrientosiimonas					232:248	the genus Barrientosiimonas	222:248	the genus Barrientosiimonas	222:248	nov. and emended description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	12	22	theme	T.	1428:1429	arg1	MSW-24					1457:1462	 = MSW-24	1454:1462	 = MSW-24(T)	1454:1465	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	22	theme	T.	1428:1429	arg1	T					1450:1450	T	1450:1450	T	1450:1450	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	22	theme	T.	1428:1429	arg1	19485					1444:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485	1428:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1428:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	1	23	theme	2013	150:153	arg1	species					92:98	the only species	83:98	the only species	83:98	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	12	24	theme	KCTC	1439:1442	arg1	MSW-24					1457:1462	 = MSW-24	1454:1462	 = MSW-24(T)	1454:1465	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	24	theme	KCTC	1439:1442	arg1	T					1450:1450	T	1450:1450	T	1450:1450	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	24	theme	KCTC	1439:1442	arg1	19485					1444:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485	1428:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1428:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	25	theme	DNA-DNA	1327:1333	arg1	hybridization					1335:1347	DNA-DNA hybridization	1327:1347	DNA-DNA hybridization	1327:1347	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	11	26	theme	strain	1144:1149	arg1	T					1157:1157	T	1157:1157	T	1157:1157	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	26	theme	strain	1144:1149	arg1	JC268					1151:1155	strain JC268	1144:1155	strain JC268(T)	1144:1158	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	13	27	theme	phylogenetic	1548:1559	arg1	analyses					1586:1593	phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1548:1593	phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1548:1593	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	Diphosphatidylglycerol					905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	glycolipid					970:979	glycolipid	970:979	glycolipid	970:979	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	lipids					1055:1060	the polar lipids	1045:1060	the polar lipids of strain JC268(T)	1045:1079	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	lipid					1017:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	phosphoglycolipid					929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	phospholipid					1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	phosphatidylinositol					948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	28	theme	amino	1011:1015	arg1	lipids					1000:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	3	29	theme	located	314:320	arg1	dam					310:312	a dam	308:312	a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India	308:354	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	11	30	theme	highest	1164:1170	arg1	similarity					1172:1181	highest similarity	1164:1181	highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae	1164:1293	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	6	31	theme	JC268	651:655	arg1	%					672:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	31	theme	JC268	651:655	arg1	content					633:639	The genomic DNA G+C content	613:639	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T)	613:658	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	13	32	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1689:1705	arg1	sp					1719:1720	the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1680:1720	the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1680:1720	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	5	33	theme	Strain	529:534	arg1	T					542:542	T	542:542	T	542:542	Strain JC268(T) was catalase- and oxidase-positive and utilized citrate for growth.
26060216	5	33	theme	Strain	529:534	arg1	JC268					536:540	Strain JC268	529:540	Strain JC268(T)	529:543	Strain JC268(T) was catalase- and oxidase-positive and utilized citrate for growth.
26060216	0	34	theme	Barrientosiimonas	0:16	arg1	sp					30:31	Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	0:31	Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.	0:32	Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	7	35	theme	interpeptide	750:761	arg1	bridge					763:768	interpeptide bridge	750:768	interpeptide bridge with the type A4α	750:786	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	1	36	theme	only	87:90	arg1	species					92:98	the only species	83:98	the only species	83:98	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	11	37	theme	16S	1108:1110	arg1	sequences					1122:1130	16S rRNA gene sequences	1108:1130	16S rRNA gene sequences	1108:1130	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	1	38	dep	Tamlicoccus	126:136	arg1	marinus					138:144	marinus	138:144	marinus	138:144	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	6	39	theme	G+C	629:631	arg1	%					672:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	39	theme	G+C	629:631	arg1	content					633:639	The genomic DNA G+C content	613:639	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T)	613:658	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	40	theme	genomic	617:623	arg1	%					672:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	40	theme	genomic	617:623	arg1	content					633:639	The genomic DNA G+C content	613:639	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T)	613:658	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	15	41	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1761:1777	arg1	endolithica					1779:1789	Barrientosiimonas endolithica	1761:1789	Barrientosiimonas endolithica	1761:1789	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	12	42	theme	%	1494:1494	arg1	values					1476:1481	values	1476:1481	values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively	1476:1522	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	13	43	theme	Barrientosiimonas	1652:1668	arg1	species					1631:1637	a novel species	1623:1637	a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1623:1720	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	Diphosphatidylglycerol					905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	glycolipid					970:979	glycolipid	970:979	glycolipid	970:979	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	lipids					1055:1060	the polar lipids	1045:1060	the polar lipids of strain JC268(T)	1045:1079	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	lipid					1017:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	phosphoglycolipid					929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	phospholipid					1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	phosphatidylinositol					948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	44	theme	polar	1049:1053	arg1	lipids					1000:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	12	45	theme	±	1505:1505	arg1	%					1508:1508	32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%	1486:1508	%	1508:1508	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	17	46	theme	marina	2058:2063	arg1	reclassification					1940:1955	a reclassification	1938:1955	a reclassification	1938:1955	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	46	theme	marina	2058:2063	arg1	comb					2065:2068	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	2040:2068	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	2040:2068	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	47	theme	only	1998:2001	arg1	marinus					1976:1982	T. marinus	1973:1982	T. marinus	1973:1982	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	47	theme	only	1998:2001	arg1	species					2003:2009	only species	1998:2009	only species	1998:2009	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	11	48	theme	gene	1117:1120	arg1	sequences					1122:1130	16S rRNA gene sequences	1108:1130	16S rRNA gene sequences	1108:1130	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	6	49	theme	mol	669:671	arg1	%					672:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	49	theme	mol	669:671	arg1	content					633:639	The genomic DNA G+C content	613:639	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T)	613:658	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	12	50	theme	%	1508:1508	arg1	values					1476:1481	values	1476:1481	values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively	1476:1522	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	51	theme	Genome	1296:1301	arg1	reassociation					1303:1315	Genome reassociation	1296:1315	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1296:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	11	52	theme	blast	1092:1096	arg1	search					1098:1103	EzTaxon-e blast search	1082:1103	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences	1082:1130	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	Diphosphatidylglycerol					905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol	905:926	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	glycolipid					970:979	glycolipid	970:979	glycolipid	970:979	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	lipids					1055:1060	the polar lipids	1045:1060	the polar lipids of strain JC268(T)	1045:1079	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	lipid					1017:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	an amino lipid	1008:1021	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	phosphoglycolipid					929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	phosphoglycolipid	929:945	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	phospholipid					1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	phospholipid	1027:1038	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	phosphatidylinositol					948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	phosphatidylinositol	948:967	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	53	theme	JC268	1072:1076	arg1	lipids					1000:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	four unidentified lipids	982:1005	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	5	54	used	utilized	584:591	arg2	T					542:542	T	542:542	T	542:542	Strain JC268(T) was catalase- and oxidase-positive and utilized citrate for growth.
26060216	5	54	used	utilized	584:591	arg2	JC268					536:540	Strain JC268	529:540	Strain JC268(T)	529:543	Strain JC268(T) was catalase- and oxidase-positive and utilized citrate for growth.
26060216	12	55	theme	±	1491:1491	arg1	%					1494:1494	32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%	1486:1508	%	1494:1494	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	4	56	theme	strain	366:371	arg1	T					379:379	T	379:379	T	379:379	Cells of strain JC268(T) were coccoid, appeared in pairs/triads/tetrads or short chains and were Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile and obligately aerobic.
26060216	4	56	theme	strain	366:371	arg1	JC268					373:377	strain JC268	366:377	strain JC268(T)	366:380	Cells of strain JC268(T) were coccoid, appeared in pairs/triads/tetrads or short chains and were Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile and obligately aerobic.
26060216	11	57	theme	Tamlicoccus	1228:1238	arg1	T					1255:1255	T	1255:1255	T	1255:1255	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	57	theme	Tamlicoccus	1228:1238	arg1	MSW-24					1248:1253	Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24	1228:1253	Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%)	1228:1264	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	57	theme	Tamlicoccus	1228:1238	arg1	%					1263:1263	97.8%	1259:1263	97.8%	1259:1263	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	3	58	theme	Strain	251:256	arg1	T					264:264	T	264:264	T	264:264	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	3	58	theme	Strain	251:256	arg1	JC268					258:262	Strain JC268	251:262	Strain JC268(T)	251:265	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	12	59	theme	 =	1454:1455	arg1	MSW-24					1457:1462	 = MSW-24	1454:1462	 = MSW-24(T)	1454:1465	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	59	theme	 =	1454:1455	arg1	19485					1444:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485	1428:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1428:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	59	theme	 =	1454:1455	arg1	T					1464:1464	T	1464:1464	T	1464:1464	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	7	60	contain	contained	703:711	arg1	peptidoglycan					689:701	The cell-wall peptidoglycan	675:701	The cell-wall peptidoglycan	675:701	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	7	60	contain	contained	703:711	arg2	acid					742:745	L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid	713:745	L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid	713:745	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	7	61	theme	cell-wall	679:687	arg1	peptidoglycan					689:701	The cell-wall peptidoglycan	675:701	The cell-wall peptidoglycan	675:701	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	18	62	theme	description	2113:2123	arg1	emendation					2095:2104	the emendation	2091:2104	the emendation of the description of the genus Barrientosiimonas	2091:2154	nov., which implies the emendation of the description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	12	63	dep	CGMCC	1397:1401	arg1	 =					1414:1415	 = 39	1414:1418	 = 39(T)	1414:1421	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	63	dep	CGMCC	1397:1401	arg1	T					1420:1420	T	1420:1420	T	1420:1420	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	13	64	theme	strain	1596:1601	arg1	JC268					1603:1607	strain JC268	1596:1607	strain JC268(T)	1596:1610	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	13	64	theme	strain	1596:1601	arg1	T					1609:1609	T	1609:1609	T	1609:1609	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	1	65	theme	Barrientosiimonas	159:175	arg1	comb					184:187	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	159:187	Barrientosiimonas marina comb	159:187	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	66	theme	Tamlicoccus	2024:2034	arg1	marinus					1976:1982	T. marinus	1973:1982	T. marinus	1973:1982	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	66	theme	Tamlicoccus	2024:2034	arg1	type					1989:1992	type	1989:1992	type	1989:1992	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	17	66	theme	Tamlicoccus	2024:2034	arg1	species					2003:2009	only species	1998:2009	only species	1998:2009	Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	7	67	with	bridge	763:768	arg1	A4α					784:786	the type A4α	775:786	the type A4α	775:786	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	18	68	theme	Barrientosiimonas	2138:2154	arg1	description					2113:2123	the description	2109:2123	the description of the genus Barrientosiimonas	2109:2154	nov., which implies the emendation of the description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	15	69	theme	endolithica	1779:1789	arg1	JC268					1794:1798	JC268	1794:1798	JC268	1794:1798	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	15	69	theme	endolithica	1779:1789	arg1	strain					1751:1756	The type strain	1742:1756	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica	1742:1789	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	9	70	theme	Major	825:829	arg1	%					835:835	>10%	832:835	>10%	832:835	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	9	70	theme	Major	825:829	arg1	acids					844:848	Major (>10%) fatty acids	825:848	Major (>10%) fatty acids	825:848	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	12	71	theme	humi	1392:1395	arg1	CGMCC					1397:1401	Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864	1374:1408	Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T))	1374:1422	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	71	theme	humi	1392:1395	arg1	T					1410:1410	T	1410:1410	T	1410:1410	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	72	theme	JC268	1360:1364	arg1	reassociation					1303:1315	Genome reassociation	1296:1315	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1296:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	13	73	theme	taxonomic	1576:1584	arg1	analyses					1586:1593	phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1548:1593	phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1548:1593	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	13	74	from	analyses	1586:1593	arg1	data					1538:1541	the data	1534:1541	the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses	1534:1593	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	12	75	theme	marinus	1431:1437	arg1	MSW-24					1457:1462	 = MSW-24	1454:1462	 = MSW-24(T)	1454:1465	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	75	theme	marinus	1431:1437	arg1	T					1450:1450	T	1450:1450	T	1450:1450	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	75	theme	marinus	1431:1437	arg1	19485					1444:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485	1428:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1428:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	2	76	theme	Barrientosiimonas	232:248	arg1	nov.					190:193	nov.	190:193	nov.	190:193	nov. and emended description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	2	76	theme	Barrientosiimonas	232:248	arg1	description					207:217	emended description	199:217	emended description	199:217	nov. and emended description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	9	77	dep	iso-C16	868:874	arg1	1ω9c					899:902	1ω9c	899:902	iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c	868:902	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	9	77	dep	iso-C16	868:874	arg1	anteiso-C17					885:895	anteiso-C17	885:895	anteiso-C17	885:895	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	9	77	dep	iso-C16	868:874	arg1	1H					878:879	1H	878:879	1H	878:879	Major (>10%) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c.
26060216	1	78	theme	Lee	146:148	arg1	2013					150:153	the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013	103:153	the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013	103:153	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	12	79	with	reassociation	1303:1315	arg1	MSW-24					1457:1462	 = MSW-24	1454:1462	 = MSW-24(T)	1454:1465	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	79	with	reassociation	1303:1315	arg1	T					1450:1450	T	1450:1450	T	1450:1450	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	79	with	reassociation	1303:1315	arg1	19485					1444:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485	1428:1448	T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T))	1428:1466	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	79	with	reassociation	1303:1315	arg1	CGMCC					1397:1401	Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864	1374:1408	Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T))	1374:1422	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	12	79	with	reassociation	1303:1315	arg1	T					1410:1410	T	1410:1410	T	1410:1410	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	16	80	theme	genus	1907:1911	arg1	Barrientosiimonas					1913:1929	the genus Barrientosiimonas	1903:1929	the genus Barrientosiimonas	1903:1929	Our data suggest that T. marinus should be reclassified within the genus Barrientosiimonas.
26060216	8	81	theme	major	793:797	arg1	MK-8					815:818	MK-8	815:818	MK-8(H4)	815:822	The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4).
26060216	8	81	theme	major	793:797	arg1	menaquinone					799:809	The major menaquinone	789:809	The major menaquinone	789:809	The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4).
26060216	1	82	attach	isolated	40:47	arg1	pebbles					54:60	pebbles	54:60	pebbles	54:60	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	1	82	attach	isolated	40:47	arg2	nov.					34:37	nov.	34:37	nov.	34:37	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	1	82	attach	isolated	40:47	arg2	reclassification					63:78	reclassification	63:78	reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb	63:187	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	13	83	theme	name	1684:1687	arg1	sp					1719:1720	the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1680:1720	the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1680:1720	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	11	84	contain	has	1160:1162	arg2	similarity					1172:1181	highest similarity	1164:1181	highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae	1164:1293	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	84	contain	has	1160:1162	arg1	T					1157:1157	T	1157:1157	T	1157:1157	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	11	84	contain	has	1160:1162	arg1	JC268					1151:1155	strain JC268	1144:1155	strain JC268(T)	1144:1158	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	12	85	dep	reassociation	1303:1315	arg1	based					1318:1322	based	1318:1322	based on DNA-DNA hybridization	1318:1347	Genome reassociation (based on DNA-DNA hybridization) of strain JC268(T) with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864(T) ( = 39(T)) and T. marinus KCTC 19485(T) ( = MSW-24(T)) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2% and 27.3 ± 2%, respectively.
26060216	4	86	theme	short	432:436	arg1	chains					438:443	short chains	432:443	short chains	432:443	Cells of strain JC268(T) were coccoid, appeared in pairs/triads/tetrads or short chains and were Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile and obligately aerobic.
26060216	1	87	dep	genus	107:111	arg1	Tamlicoccus					113:123	Tamlicoccus	113:123	Tamlicoccus	113:123	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	1	87	dep	genus	107:111	arg1	Tamlicoccus					126:136	Tamlicoccus	126:136	Tamlicoccus	126:136	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	6	88	theme	strain	644:649	arg1	T					657:657	T	657:657	T	657:657	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	88	theme	strain	644:649	arg1	JC268					651:655	strain JC268	644:655	strain JC268(T)	644:658	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	0	89	theme	endolithica	18:28	arg1	sp					30:31	Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	0:31	Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.	0:32	Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	3	90	from	India	350:354	arg1	located					314:320	located	314:320	located	314:320	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	11	91	theme	EzTaxon-e	1082:1090	arg1	search					1098:1103	EzTaxon-e blast search	1082:1103	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences	1082:1130	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	1	92	theme	species	92:98	arg1	reclassification					63:78	reclassification	63:78	reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb	63:187	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	1	92	theme	species	92:98	arg1	nov.					34:37	nov.	34:37	nov.	34:37	nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb.
26060216	3	93	attach	isolated	271:278	arg2	JC268					258:262	Strain JC268	251:262	Strain JC268(T)	251:265	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	3	93	attach	isolated	271:278	arg2	T					264:264	T	264:264	T	264:264	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	3	93	attach	isolated	271:278	arg1	pebbles					285:291	pebbles	285:291	pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India	285:354	Strain JC268(T) was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
26060216	11	94	theme	rRNA	1112:1115	arg1	sequences					1122:1130	16S rRNA gene sequences	1108:1130	16S rRNA gene sequences	1108:1130	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	6	95	theme	DNA	625:627	arg1	%					672:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	65.3 mol%	664:672	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	6	95	theme	DNA	625:627	arg1	content					633:639	The genomic DNA G+C content	613:639	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T)	613:658	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268(T) was 65.3 mol%.
26060216	11	96	theme	family	1273:1278	arg1	Dermacoccaceae					1280:1293	the family Dermacoccaceae	1269:1293	the family Dermacoccaceae	1269:1293	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	13	97	theme	genus	1646:1650	arg1	Barrientosiimonas					1652:1668	the genus Barrientosiimonas	1642:1668	the genus Barrientosiimonas	1642:1668	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	7	98	theme	L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic	713:740	arg1	acid					742:745	L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid	713:745	L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid	713:745	The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained L-lysine-L-serine-D-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α.
26060216	15	99	theme	type	1746:1749	arg1	JC268					1794:1798	JC268	1794:1798	JC268	1794:1798	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	15	99	theme	type	1746:1749	arg1	strain					1751:1756	The type strain	1742:1756	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica	1742:1789	The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268(T) ( = KCTC 29672(T) = NBRC 110608(T)).
26060216	11	100	theme	sequences	1122:1130	arg1	search					1098:1103	EzTaxon-e blast search	1082:1103	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences	1082:1130	EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268(T) has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39(T) (98.65%) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24(T) (97.8%) of the family Dermacoccaceae.
26060216	13	101	theme	novel	1625:1629	arg1	species					1631:1637	a novel species	1623:1637	a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp	1623:1720	Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268(T) represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp.
26060216	10	102	theme	strain	1065:1070	arg1	T					1078:1078	T	1078:1078	T	1078:1078	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26060216	10	102	theme	strain	1065:1070	arg1	JC268					1072:1076	strain JC268	1065:1076	strain JC268(T)	1065:1079	Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268(T).
26841309	3	0	theme	compact	646:652	arg1	network					666:672	a more compact interfacial network	639:672	a more compact interfacial network	639:672	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	0	1	from	release	59:65	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	1	2	theme	enzymatic	234:242	arg1	process					253:259	an enzymatic gelation process	231:259	an enzymatic gelation process	231:259	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	7	3	theme	gas	1078:1080	arg1	chromatography					1082:1095	Headspace gas chromatography	1068:1095	Headspace gas chromatography analysis	1068:1104	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	1	4	theme	isolate/sugar	159:171	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	7	5	theme	emulsion	1385:1392	arg1	gel					1394:1396	emulsion gel	1385:1396	emulsion gel	1385:1396	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	3	6	theme	emulsifier	548:557	arg1	amount					538:543	a higher amount	529:543	a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface	529:594	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	3	6	theme	emulsifier	548:557	arg1	emulsifier					548:557	emulsifier	548:557	emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface	548:594	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	1	7	theme	pectin	178:183	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	2	8	theme	emulsifier	277:286	arg1	effects					266:272	The effects	262:272	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	262:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	1	9	theme	SPI/SBP	186:192	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	7	10	theme	microstructure	1355:1368	arg1	texture					1374:1380	texture	1374:1380	texture of emulsion gel	1374:1396	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	7	10	theme	microstructure	1355:1368	arg1	influence					1338:1346	a significant influence	1324:1346	a significant influence of the microstructure	1324:1368	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	7	11	theme	ethyl	1138:1142	arg1	butyrate					1144:1151	ethyl butyrate	1138:1151	ethyl butyrate before and after mastication	1138:1180	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	1	12	theme	emulsion	195:202	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	8	13	theme	useful	1434:1439	arg1	application					1441:1451	a useful application	1432:1451	a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception	1432:1515	CONCLUSION This finding provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception.
26841309	7	14	theme	significant	1326:1336	arg1	influence					1338:1346	a significant influence	1324:1346	a significant influence of the microstructure	1324:1368	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	8	15	dep	CONCLUSION	1399:1408	arg1	provides					1423:1430	provides	1423:1430	provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception	1423:1515	CONCLUSION This finding provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception.
26841309	8	16	theme	semi-solid	1467:1476	arg1	foods					1478:1482	semi-solid foods	1467:1482	semi-solid foods	1467:1482	CONCLUSION This finding provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception.
26841309	7	17	theme	butyrate	1144:1151	arg1	rate					1130:1133	the release rate	1118:1133	the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication	1118:1180	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	7	17	theme	butyrate	1144:1151	arg1	lower					1200:1204	lower	1200:1204	lower	1200:1204	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	0	18	theme	soy	70:72	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	1	19	theme	soy	147:149	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	8	20	theme	flavor	1499:1504	arg1	perception					1506:1515	desirable flavor perception	1489:1515	desirable flavor perception	1489:1515	CONCLUSION This finding provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception.
26841309	1	21	dep	BACKGROUND	121:130	arg1	prepared					214:221	prepared	214:221	were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process	209:259	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	0	22	theme	beet	88:91	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	5	23	theme	small	933:937	arg1	fragments					939:947	small fragments	933:947	small fragments	933:947	Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication.
26841309	0	24	theme	mixed	100:104	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	5	25	with	gels	877:880	arg1	droplets					893:900	small droplets	887:900	small droplets	887:900	Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication.
26841309	4	26	theme	droplets	706:713	arg1	Flocculation					686:697	Flocculation	686:697	Flocculation of oil droplets	686:713	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	6	27	theme	breakdown	1029:1037	arg1	properties					1039:1048	breakdown properties	1029:1048	breakdown properties of emulsion gels	1029:1065	However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels.
26841309	2	28	theme	aroma	402:406	arg1	release					408:414	aroma release	402:414	aroma release	402:414	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	2	29	theme	properties	387:396	arg1	behavior					416:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior	348:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	348:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	0	30	theme	interfacial	10:20	arg1	composition					22:32	interfacial composition	10:32	interfacial composition	10:32	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	2	31	theme	gels	447:450	arg1	behavior					416:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior	348:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	348:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	7	32	theme	aroma	1268:1272	arg1	compounds					1274:1282	aroma compounds	1268:1282	aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity	1268:1309	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	2	33	theme	resulting	428:436	arg1	gels					447:450	resulting emulsion gels	428:450	resulting emulsion gels	428:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	7	34	theme	release	1122:1128	arg1	rate					1130:1133	the release rate	1118:1133	the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication	1118:1180	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	7	34	theme	release	1122:1128	arg1	lower					1200:1204	lower	1200:1204	lower	1200:1204	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	4	35	theme	lower	770:774	arg1	force					785:789	lower fracture force	770:789	lower fracture force	770:789	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	2	36	theme	process	337:343	arg1	effects					266:272	The effects	262:272	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	262:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	3	37	theme	Oil	479:481	arg1	emulsification					483:496	RESULTS Oil emulsification	471:496	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex	471:515	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	6	38	theme	gels	1062:1065	arg1	properties					1039:1048	breakdown properties	1029:1048	breakdown properties of emulsion gels	1029:1065	However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels.
26841309	3	39	theme	interfacial	654:664	arg1	network					666:672	a more compact interfacial network	639:672	a more compact interfacial network	639:672	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	7	40	theme	chromatography	1082:1095	arg1	analysis					1097:1104	Headspace gas chromatography analysis	1068:1104	Headspace gas chromatography analysis	1068:1104	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	1	41	theme	gelation	244:251	arg1	process					253:259	an enzymatic gelation process	231:259	an enzymatic gelation process	231:259	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	4	42	theme	SBP/SPI	841:847	arg1	complex					849:855	SBP/SPI complex	841:855	SBP/SPI complex	841:855	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	7	43	theme	Headspace	1068:1076	arg1	chromatography					1082:1095	Headspace gas chromatography	1068:1095	Headspace gas chromatography analysis	1068:1104	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	1	44	theme	protein	151:157	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	1	45	theme	beet	173:176	arg1	gels					204:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels	147:207	BACKGROUND In this study, soy protein isolate/sugar beet pectin (SPI/SBP) emulsion gels were prepared through an enzymatic gelation process.
26841309	7	46	theme	gel	1394:1396	arg1	texture					1374:1380	texture	1374:1380	texture of emulsion gel	1374:1396	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	7	46	theme	gel	1394:1396	arg1	influence					1338:1346	a significant influence	1324:1346	a significant influence of the microstructure	1324:1368	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	3	47	theme	higher	531:536	arg1	amount					538:543	a higher amount	529:543	a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface	529:594	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	3	47	theme	higher	531:536	arg1	emulsifier					548:557	emulsifier	548:557	emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface	548:594	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	5	48	theme	emulsion	868:875	arg1	gels					877:880	emulsion gels	868:880	emulsion gels with small droplets	868:900	Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication.
26841309	3	49	theme	RESULTS	471:477	arg1	emulsification					483:496	RESULTS Oil emulsification	471:496	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex	471:515	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	7	50	with	compounds	1274:1282	arg1	hydrophobicity					1296:1309	higher hydrophobicity	1289:1309	higher hydrophobicity	1289:1309	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	0	51	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	release					59:65	aroma release	53:65	aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	53:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	2	52	dep	emulsifier	277:286	arg1	SPI					294:296	SPI	294:296	SPI	294:296	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	2	52	dep	emulsifier	277:286	arg1	complex					309:315	SPI/SBP complex	301:315	SPI/SBP complex	301:315	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	2	52	dep	emulsifier	277:286	arg1	SBP					289:291	SBP	289:291	SBP	289:291	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	5	53	theme	small	887:891	arg1	droplets					893:900	small droplets	887:900	small droplets	887:900	Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication.
26841309	4	54	theme	corresponding	732:744	arg1	gels					755:758	corresponding emulsion gels	732:758	corresponding emulsion gels	732:758	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	7	55	theme	emulsion	1209:1216	arg1	gel					1218:1220	emulsion gel	1209:1220	emulsion gel with more compact network	1209:1246	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	2	56	from	effects	266:272	arg1	behavior					416:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior	348:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	348:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	8	57	theme	desirable	1489:1497	arg1	perception					1506:1515	desirable flavor perception	1489:1515	desirable flavor perception	1489:1515	CONCLUSION This finding provides a useful application for designing semi-solid foods with desirable flavor perception.
26841309	7	58	with	gel	1218:1220	arg1	network					1240:1246	more compact network	1227:1246	more compact network	1227:1246	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	0	59	theme	protein/sugar	74:86	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	0	60	theme	pectin	93:98	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	9	61	theme	Chemical	1536:1543	arg1	Industry					1545:1552	Chemical Industry	1536:1552	Chemical Industry	1536:1552	© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
26841309	0	62	theme	emulsion	106:113	arg1	gels					115:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	70:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	5	63	theme	fragments	939:947	arg1	quantity					921:928	a greater quantity	911:928	a greater quantity of small fragments	911:947	Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication.
26841309	6	64	theme	emulsion	1053:1060	arg1	gels					1062:1065	emulsion gels	1053:1065	emulsion gels	1053:1065	However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels.
26841309	4	65	theme	emulsion	746:753	arg1	gels					755:758	corresponding emulsion gels	732:758	corresponding emulsion gels	732:758	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	2	66	theme	microstructure	352:365	arg1	behavior					416:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior	348:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	348:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	7	67	theme	higher	1289:1294	arg1	hydrophobicity					1296:1309	higher hydrophobicity	1289:1309	higher hydrophobicity	1289:1309	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	2	68	theme	release	408:414	arg1	behavior					416:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior	348:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	348:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	4	69	theme	oil	702:704	arg1	droplets					706:713	oil droplets	702:713	oil droplets	702:713	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	0	70	theme	composition	22:32	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.	0:119	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	5	71	theme	greater	913:919	arg1	quantity					921:928	a greater quantity	911:928	a greater quantity of small fragments	911:947	Moreover, emulsion gels with small droplets produced a greater quantity of small fragments after mastication.
26841309	7	72	theme	compounds	1274:1282	arg1	release					1257:1263	the release	1253:1263	the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity	1253:1309	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	2	73	theme	breakdown	377:385	arg1	properties					387:396	breakdown properties	377:396	breakdown properties	377:396	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	0	74	theme	crumbliness	38:48	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.	0:119	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	6	75	theme	significant	1007:1017	arg1	effect					1019:1024	a significant effect	1005:1024	a significant effect	1005:1024	However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels.
26841309	2	76	theme	emulsion	438:445	arg1	gels					447:450	resulting emulsion gels	428:450	resulting emulsion gels	428:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	2	77	theme	texture	368:374	arg1	behavior					416:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior	348:423	the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels	348:450	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	0	78	theme	aroma	53:57	arg1	release					59:65	aroma release	53:65	aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels	53:118	Effect of interfacial composition and crumbliness on aroma release in soy protein/sugar beet pectin mixed emulsion gels.
26841309	2	79	theme	SPI/SBP	301:307	arg1	complex					309:315	SPI/SBP complex	301:315	SPI/SBP complex	301:315	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	3	80	theme	oil-water	576:584	arg1	interface					586:594	the oil-water interface	572:594	the oil-water interface	572:594	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
26841309	6	81	contain	have	1000:1003	arg1	microstructure					977:990	microstructure	977:990	microstructure	977:990	However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels.
26841309	6	81	contain	have	1000:1003	arg2	effect					1019:1024	a significant effect	1005:1024	a significant effect	1005:1024	However, microstructure did not have a significant effect on breakdown properties of emulsion gels.
26841309	2	82	theme	emulsification	322:335	arg1	process					337:343	emulsification process	322:343	emulsification process	322:343	The effects of emulsifier (SBP, SPI or SPI/SBP complex) and emulsification process on the microstructure, texture, breakdown properties and aroma release behavior of resulting emulsion gels were investigated.
26841309	7	83	theme	compact	1232:1238	arg1	network					1240:1246	more compact network	1227:1246	more compact network	1227:1246	Headspace gas chromatography analysis showed that the release rate of ethyl butyrate before and after mastication was significantly lower in emulsion gel with more compact network, but the release of aroma compounds with higher hydrophobicity did not show a significant influence of the microstructure and texture of emulsion gel.
26841309	4	84	theme	fracture	776:783	arg1	force					785:789	lower fracture force	770:789	lower fracture force	770:789	Flocculation of oil droplets was observed and corresponding emulsion gels exhibited lower fracture force and strain when the oil was emulsified by SPI and SBP/SPI complex.
26841309	3	85	theme	SBP/SPI	501:507	arg1	complex					509:515	SBP/SPI complex	501:515	SBP/SPI complex	501:515	RESULTS Oil emulsification by SBP/SPI complex resulted in a higher amount of emulsifier absorbing on the oil-water interface than by SBP and SPI alone, indicating that a more compact interfacial network was formed.
25766457	5	0	theme	variants	1377:1384	arg1	frequency					1356:1364	the frequency	1352:1364	the frequency of genetic variants	1352:1384	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	0	theme	variants	1377:1384	arg1	composition					1398:1408	dietary composition	1390:1408	dietary composition	1390:1408	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	6	1	theme	Centers	1647:1653	arg1	Network					1636:1642	an International Network	1619:1642	an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health	1619:1700	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	2	theme	Centers	156:162	arg1	aspects					115:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	2	theme	Centers	156:162	arg1	Network					145:151	the International Network	127:151	the International Network	127:151	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	6	3	theme	past	1557:1560	arg1	years					1564:1568	the past 2 years	1553:1568	the past 2 years	1553:1568	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	4	theme	Bellagio	445:452	arg1	Report					454:459	The Bellagio Report	441:459	The Bellagio Report	441:459	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	5	theme	fatty	767:771	arg1	intake					778:783	omega-6 fatty acid intake	759:783	omega-6 fatty acid intake	759:783	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	1	6	theme	Bellagio	216:223	arg1	Report					225:230	The Bellagio Report	212:230	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People	212:288	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	0	7	theme	healthy	58:64	arg1	Nutrition					178:186	Nutrition	178:186	Nutrition	178:186	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	7	theme	healthy	58:64	arg1	agriculture					45:55	healthy agriculture	37:55	healthy agriculture	37:55	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	7	theme	healthy	58:64	arg1	nutrition					66:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	7	theme	healthy	58:64	arg1	people					85:90	healthy people	77:90	healthy people	77:90	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	7	theme	healthy	58:64	arg1	Fitness					192:198	Fitness	192:198	Fitness	192:198	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	8	from	impact	4:9	arg1	agriculture					45:55	healthy agriculture	37:55	healthy agriculture	37:55	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	8	from	impact	4:9	arg1	nutrition					66:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	9	theme	fatty	910:914	arg1	acids					916:920	omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids	891:920	acids	916:920	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	10	theme	diseases	1301:1308	arg1	management					1263:1272	management	1263:1272	management	1263:1272	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	10	theme	diseases	1301:1308	arg1	prevention					1248:1257	prevention	1248:1257	prevention	1248:1257	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	11	theme	genetic	1369:1375	arg1	variants					1377:1384	genetic variants	1369:1384	genetic variants	1369:1384	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	12	theme	omega-3	902:908	arg1	acids					916:920	omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids	891:920	acids	916:920	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	0	13	theme	healthy	77:83	arg1	nutrition					66:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	13	theme	healthy	77:83	arg1	people					85:90	healthy people	77:90	healthy people	77:90	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	1	14	theme	a	308:308	arg1	result					298:303	the result	294:303	the result of a meeting	294:316	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	3	15	theme	omega-6	891:897	arg1	acids					916:920	omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids	891:920	acids	916:920	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	6	16	theme	aspects	1511:1517	arg1	terms					1476:1480	terms	1476:1480	terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years	1476:1568	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	17	from	high	751:754	arg1	intake					778:783	omega-6 fatty acid intake	759:783	omega-6 fatty acid intake	759:783	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	18	theme	gene-nutrient	1118:1130	arg1	interactions					1132:1143	gene-nutrient interactions	1118:1143	gene-nutrient interactions	1118:1143	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	2	19	dep	based	414:418	arg1	science					406:412	science	406:412	science	406:412	The meeting was science based but policy oriented.
25766457	3	20	theme	different	844:852	arg1	fructose					879:886	fructose	879:886	fructose	879:886	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	20	theme	different	844:852	arg1	sources					854:860	different sources	844:860	different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids)	844:921	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	20	theme	different	844:852	arg1	glucose					868:874	glucose	868:874	glucose	868:874	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	21	dep	prevention	1248:1257	arg1	the					1244:1246	the	1244:1246	the	1244:1246	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	1	22	theme	Healthy	235:241	arg1	Agriculture					243:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	22	theme	Healthy	235:241	arg1	Nutrition					264:272	Healthy Nutrition	256:272	Healthy Nutrition	256:272	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	22	theme	Healthy	235:241	arg1	People					283:288	Healthy People	275:288	Healthy People	275:288	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	3	23	from	intake	778:783	arg1	high					751:754	high	751:754	high	751:754	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	24	theme	enormous	1325:1332	arg1	variation					1334:1342	enormous variation	1325:1342	enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide	1325:1418	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	4	25	dep	progress	1012:1019	arg1	the					997:999	the	997:999	the	997:999	This paper summarizes the scientific progress and policy actions that have occurred in these three areas.
25766457	3	26	from	fructose	538:545	arg1	drinks					555:560	soft drinks	550:560	soft drinks	550:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	27	theme	different	928:936	arg1	effects					966:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	4	28	theme	policy	1025:1030	arg1	actions					1032:1038	policy actions	1025:1038	policy actions	1025:1038	This paper summarizes the scientific progress and policy actions that have occurred in these three areas.
25766457	3	29	theme	acid	773:776	arg1	intake					778:783	omega-6 fatty acid intake	759:783	omega-6 fatty acid intake	759:783	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	30	dep	sources	854:860	arg1	fructose					879:886	fructose	879:886	fructose	879:886	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	30	dep	sources	854:860	arg1	sources					854:860	different sources	844:860	different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids)	844:921	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	30	dep	sources	854:860	arg1	glucose					868:874	glucose	868:874	glucose	868:874	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	6	31	theme	scientific	1489:1498	arg1	aspects					1511:1517	the scientific and policy aspects	1485:1517	the scientific and policy aspects	1485:1517	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	32	dep	nutrition	66:74	arg1	aspects					115:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	32	dep	nutrition	66:74	arg1	Network					145:151	the International Network	127:151	the International Network	127:151	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	33	dep	diets	645:649	arg1	2					634:634	2	634:634	2	634:634	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	34	theme	chronic	1277:1283	arg1	diseases					1301:1308	chronic noncommunicable diseases	1277:1308	chronic noncommunicable diseases	1277:1308	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	35	from	acids	737:741	arg1	deficient					710:718	deficient	710:718	deficient	710:718	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	36	from	populations	659:669	arg1	deficient					710:718	deficient	710:718	deficient	710:718	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	37	theme	neurohormonal	952:964	arg1	effects					966:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	38	theme	noncommunicable	1285:1299	arg1	diseases					1301:1308	chronic noncommunicable diseases	1277:1308	chronic noncommunicable diseases	1277:1308	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	39	theme	sugar	481:485	arg1	consumption					487:497	(1) sugar consumption	477:497	(1) sugar consumption	477:497	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	6	40	theme	International	1622:1634	arg1	Network					1636:1642	an International Network	1619:1642	an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health	1619:1700	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	5	41	dep	frequency	1356:1364	arg1	worldwide					1410:1418	worldwide	1410:1418	worldwide	1410:1418	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	1	42	theme	Healthy	256:262	arg1	Agriculture					243:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	42	theme	Healthy	256:262	arg1	Nutrition					264:272	Healthy Nutrition	256:272	Healthy Nutrition	256:272	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	0	43	theme	scientific	93:102	arg1	aspects					115:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	1	44	theme	Rockefeller	330:340	arg1	Center					362:367	the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center	326:367	the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center	326:367	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	3	45	from	form	518:521	arg1	drinks					555:560	soft drinks	550:560	soft drinks	550:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	0	46	theme	Report	27:32	arg1	impact					4:9	The impact	0:9	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.	0:210	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	47	theme	current	637:643	arg1	diets					645:649	(2) current diets	633:649	(2) current diets	633:649	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	48	theme	metabolic	938:946	arg1	effects					966:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	1	49	theme	Foundation	342:351	arg1	Center					362:367	the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center	326:367	the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center	326:367	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	5	50	from	variation	1334:1342	arg1	frequency					1356:1364	the frequency	1352:1364	the frequency of genetic variants	1352:1384	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	50	from	variation	1334:1342	arg1	composition					1398:1408	dietary composition	1390:1408	dietary composition	1390:1408	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	0	51	theme	Bellagio	18:25	arg1	Report					27:32	the Bellagio Report	14:32	the Bellagio Report	14:32	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	1	52	from	Report	225:230	arg1	Agriculture					243:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	52	from	Report	225:230	arg1	Nutrition					264:272	Healthy Nutrition	256:272	Healthy Nutrition	256:272	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	52	from	Report	225:230	arg1	People					283:288	Healthy People	275:288	Healthy People	275:288	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	53	theme	Bellagio	353:360	arg1	Center					362:367	the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center	326:367	the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center	326:367	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	3	54	dep	consumption	487:497	arg1	1					478:478	1	478:478	1	478:478	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	0	55	theme	healthy	37:43	arg1	agriculture					45:55	healthy agriculture	37:55	healthy agriculture	37:55	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	55	theme	healthy	37:43	arg1	nutrition					66:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	healthy nutrition	58:74	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	1	56	theme	Healthy	275:281	arg1	Agriculture					243:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	Healthy Agriculture	235:253	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	1	56	theme	Healthy	275:281	arg1	People					283:288	Healthy People	275:288	Healthy People	275:288	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	2	57	dep	oriented	431:438	arg1	policy					424:429	policy	424:429	policy	424:429	The meeting was science based but policy oriented.
25766457	6	58	theme	policy	1504:1509	arg1	aspects					1511:1517	the scientific and policy aspects	1485:1517	the scientific and policy aspects	1485:1517	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	59	with	deficient	710:718	arg1	differences					693:703	regional differences	684:703	regional differences	684:703	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	6	60	from	Report	1466:1471	arg1	terms					1476:1480	terms	1476:1480	terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years	1476:1568	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	0	61	theme	policy	108:113	arg1	aspects					115:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	scientific and policy aspects	93:121	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	62	theme	most	654:657	arg1	populations					659:669	most populations	654:669	most populations	654:669	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	63	from	variation	1089:1097	arg1	populations					1102:1112	populations	1102:1112	populations	1102:1112	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	63	from	variation	1089:1097	arg1	interactions					1132:1143	gene-nutrient interactions	1118:1143	gene-nutrient interactions	1118:1143	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	64	theme	insidious	581:589	arg1	threat					598:603	a major and insidious health threat	569:603	threat	598:603	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	65	from	drinks	555:560	arg1	form					518:521	the form	514:521	the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks	514:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	1	66	dep	held	318:321	arg1	result					298:303	the result	294:303	the result of a meeting	294:316	The Bellagio Report on Healthy Agriculture, Healthy Nutrition, Healthy People was the result of a meeting held at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center in the fall of 2012.
25766457	5	67	theme	dietary	1390:1396	arg1	composition					1398:1408	dietary composition	1390:1408	dietary composition	1390:1408	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	68	theme	health	591:596	arg1	threat					598:603	a major and insidious health threat	569:603	threat	598:603	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	6	69	theme	Bellagio	1457:1464	arg1	Report					1466:1471	the Bellagio Report	1453:1471	the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years	1453:1568	Furthermore, this paper updates the Bellagio Report in terms of the scientific and policy aspects, both of which have expanded over the past 2 years, and describes the progress made in establishing an International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	70	from	consumption	487:497	arg1	form					518:521	the form	514:521	the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks	514:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	0	71	theme	International	131:143	arg1	Network					145:151	the International Network	127:151	the International Network	127:151	The impact of the Bellagio Report on healthy agriculture, healthy nutrition, healthy people: scientific and policy aspects and the International Network of Centers for Genetics, Nutrition and Fitness for Health.
25766457	3	72	theme	soft	550:553	arg1	drinks					555:560	soft drinks	550:560	soft drinks	550:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	4	73	theme	scientific	1001:1010	arg1	progress					1012:1019	scientific progress	1001:1019	scientific progress	1001:1019	This paper summarizes the scientific progress and policy actions that have occurred in these three areas.
25766457	3	74	from	deficient	710:718	arg1	populations					659:669	most populations	654:669	most populations	654:669	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	74	from	deficient	710:718	arg1	acids					737:741	omega-3 fatty acids	723:741	omega-3 fatty acids	723:741	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	75	theme	fatty	731:735	arg1	acids					737:741	omega-3 fatty acids	723:741	omega-3 fatty acids	723:741	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	76	theme	high-energy	526:536	arg1	fructose					538:545	high-energy fructose	526:545	high-energy fructose in soft drinks	526:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	77	contain	have	923:926	arg2	effects					966:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	different metabolic and neurohormonal effects	928:972	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	77	contain	have	923:926	arg1	calories					802:809	not all calories	794:809	not all calories	794:809	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	78	theme	Genetic	1081:1087	arg1	concepts					1161:1168	fundamental concepts	1149:1168	fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide	1149:1418	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	78	theme	Genetic	1081:1087	arg1	variation					1089:1097	Genetic variation	1081:1097	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions	1081:1143	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	79	dep	have	923:926	arg1	3					791:791	3	791:791	3	791:791	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	79	dep	have	923:926	arg1	same					819:822	same	819:822	same	819:822	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	80	theme	fructose	538:545	arg1	form					518:521	the form	514:521	the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks	514:560	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	5	81	theme	fundamental	1149:1159	arg1	variation					1089:1097	Genetic variation	1081:1097	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions	1081:1143	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	5	81	theme	fundamental	1149:1159	arg1	concepts					1161:1168	fundamental concepts	1149:1168	fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide	1149:1418	Genetic variation in populations and gene-nutrient interactions are fundamental concepts that need to be taken into consideration in growth and development and in the prevention and management of chronic noncommunicable diseases since there is enormous variation in both the frequency of genetic variants and dietary composition worldwide.
25766457	3	82	from	sources	854:860	arg1	calories					830:837	calories	830:837	calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids)	830:921	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	83	dep	glucose	868:874	arg1	i.e.					863:866	i.e.	863:866	i.e.	863:866	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
25766457	3	84	theme	regional	684:691	arg1	differences					693:703	regional differences	684:703	regional differences	684:703	The Bellagio Report concluded that: (1) sugar consumption, especially in the form of high-energy fructose in soft drinks, poses a major and insidious health threat, particularly for children; (2) current diets in most populations, albeit with regional differences, are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids but too high in omega-6 fatty acid intake, and (3) not all calories are the same since calories from different sources (i.e. glucose or fructose or omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids) have different metabolic and neurohormonal effects.
26838413	7	0	theme	proposed	1342:1349	arg1	method					1351:1356	The proposed method	1338:1356	The proposed method	1338:1356	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	0	1	from	waters	215:220	arg1	analysis					154:161	the analysis	150:161	the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	150:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	6	2	theme	target	1307:1312	arg1	analytes					1314:1321	target analytes	1307:1321	target analytes	1307:1321	Enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 39.8 to 68.4-fold (theoretical EF, 83.3-fold) for target analytes were achieved.
26838413	3	3	theme	stir	663:666	arg1	SBSE					693:696	SBSE	693:696	SBSE	693:696	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	3	theme	stir	663:666	arg1	extraction					681:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction	646:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	646:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	7	4	from	determination	1391:1403	arg1	water					1463:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	4	from	determination	1391:1403	arg1	water					1443:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	5	theme	water	1602:1606	arg1	samples					1608:1614	the spiked Yangtze River water samples	1577:1614	the spiked Yangtze River water samples	1577:1614	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	4	6	theme	extraction	959:968	arg1	time					970:973	extraction time	959:973	extraction time	959:973	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	2	7	with	good	464:467	arg1	RSDs					505:508	RSDs	505:508	RSDs	505:508	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	7	with	good	464:467	arg1	deviations					493:502	relative standard deviations	475:502	relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively	475:612	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	1	8	theme	polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin	231:256	arg1	bar					292:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	2	9	theme	%	550:550	arg1	n=7					561:563	n=7	561:563	n=7	561:563	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	9	theme	%	550:550	arg1	%					558:558	2.0% to 3.8%	547:558	2.0% to 3.8% (n=7)	547:564	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	3	10	theme	sorptive	672:679	arg1	SBSE					693:696	SBSE	693:696	SBSE	693:696	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	10	theme	sorptive	672:679	arg1	extraction					681:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction	646:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	646:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	1	11	theme	PANI/α-CD	259:267	arg1	bar					292:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	4	12	theme	extraction	876:885	arg1	performance					887:897	the best extraction performance	867:897	the best extraction performance for target PCBs	867:913	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	0	13	theme	trace	166:170	arg1	biphenyls					188:196	trace polychlorinated biphenyls	166:196	trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	166:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	2	14	theme	relative	475:482	arg1	RSDs					505:508	RSDs	505:508	RSDs	505:508	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	14	theme	relative	475:482	arg1	deviations					493:502	relative standard deviations	475:502	relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively	475:612	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	1	15	theme	composite	270:278	arg1	bar					292:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	0	16	theme	biphenyls	188:196	arg1	analysis					154:161	the analysis	150:161	the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	150:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	7	17	theme	Lake	1458:1461	arg1	water					1463:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	3	18	theme	chromatography-ultraviolet	735:760	arg1	detection					772:780	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	711:780	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	711:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	0	19	theme	environmental	201:213	arg1	waters					215:220	environmental waters	201:220	environmental waters	201:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	4	20	theme	several	916:922	arg1	time					970:973	extraction time	959:973	extraction time	959:973	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	4	20	theme	several	916:922	arg1	rate					985:988	stirring rate	976:988	stirring rate	976:988	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	4	20	theme	several	916:922	arg1	parameters					924:933	several parameters	916:933	several parameters	916:933	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	4	20	theme	several	916:922	arg1	strength					1001:1008	ionic strength	995:1008	ionic strength	995:1008	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	3	21	theme	performance	716:726	arg1	chromatography-ultraviolet					735:760	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet	711:760	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	711:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	21	theme	performance	716:726	arg1	HPLC-UV					763:769	HPLC-UV	763:769	HPLC-UV	763:769	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	7	22	theme	Lake	1540:1543	arg1	samples					1551:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	23	theme	River	1437:1441	arg1	water					1443:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	2	24	theme	2.3	524:526	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	5	25	theme	μg/L	1169:1172	arg1	RSDs					1183:1186	the RSDs	1179:1186	the RSDs	1179:1186	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	5	25	theme	μg/L	1169:1172	arg1	%					1200:1200	5.3-9.8%	1193:1200	5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L)	1193:1216	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	5	25	theme	μg/L	1169:1172	arg1	range					1149:1153	the range	1145:1153	the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L	1145:1172	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	5	25	theme	μg/L	1169:1172	arg1	μg/L					1169:1172	0.048-0.22 μg/L	1158:1172	0.048-0.22 μg/L	1158:1172	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	0	26	theme	performance	90:100	arg1	detection					136:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection	85:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	85:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	7	27	theme	spiked	1528:1533	arg1	samples					1551:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	0	28	theme	chromatography-ultraviolet	109:134	arg1	detection					136:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection	85:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	85:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	7	29	theme	target	1414:1419	arg1	PCBs					1421:1424	seven target PCBs	1408:1424	seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water	1408:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	2	30	theme	stir	451:454	arg1	bar					456:458	the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar	430:458	the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar	430:458	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	6	31	theme	Enrichment	1219:1228	arg1	EFs					1239:1241	EFs	1239:1241	EFs	1239:1241	Enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 39.8 to 68.4-fold (theoretical EF, 83.3-fold) for target analytes were achieved.
26838413	6	31	theme	Enrichment	1219:1228	arg1	factors					1230:1236	Enrichment factors	1219:1236	Enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 39.8 to 68.4-fold (theoretical EF, 83.3-fold) for target analytes	1219:1321	Enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 39.8 to 68.4-fold (theoretical EF, 83.3-fold) for target analytes were achieved.
26838413	5	32	theme	experimental	1043:1054	arg1	conditions					1056:1065	optimal experimental conditions	1035:1065	optimal experimental conditions	1035:1065	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	0	33	theme	sorptive	51:58	arg1	extraction					60:69	stir bar sorptive extraction	42:69	stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	42:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	3	34	theme	environmental	835:847	arg1	waters					849:854	environmental waters	835:854	environmental waters	835:854	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	0	35	theme	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin	0:23	arg1	composite					25:33	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite	0:33	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite	0:33	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	4	36	theme	stirring	976:983	arg1	rate					985:988	stirring rate	976:988	stirring rate	976:988	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	5	37	theme	proposed	1106:1113	arg1	method					1115:1120	the proposed method	1102:1120	the proposed method	1102:1120	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	0	38	theme	bar	47:49	arg1	extraction					60:69	stir bar sorptive extraction	42:69	stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	42:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	1	39	theme	polychlorinated	348:362	arg1	biphenyls					364:372	polychlorinated biphenyls	348:372	polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)	348:379	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	1	39	theme	polychlorinated	348:362	arg1	PCBs					375:378	PCBs	375:378	PCBs	375:378	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	5	40	theme	detection	1082:1090	arg1	limits					1072:1077	the limits	1068:1077	the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs	1068:1135	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	1	41	theme	coated	280:285	arg1	bar					292:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	2	42	dep	%	527:527	arg1	to					529:530	to	529:530	to	529:530	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	43	theme	bar	456:458	arg1	good					464:467	good	464:467	good	464:467	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	43	theme	bar	456:458	arg1	reproducibility					411:425	The preparation reproducibility	395:425	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar	395:458	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	3	44	theme	PCBs	827:830	arg1	determination					804:816	the determination	800:816	the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters	800:854	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	5	45	dep	%	1200:1200	arg1	n=7					1203:1205	n=7	1203:1205	n=7	1203:1205	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	5	45	dep	%	1200:1200	arg1	μg/L					1212:1215	c=1 μg/L	1208:1215	c=1 μg/L	1208:1215	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	0	46	from	analysis	154:161	arg1	waters					215:220	environmental waters	201:220	environmental waters	201:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	2	47	dep	%	558:558	arg1	to					552:553	to	552:553	to	552:553	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	4	48	theme	ionic	995:999	arg1	strength					1001:1008	ionic strength	995:1008	ionic strength	995:1008	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	1	49	theme	sol-gel	312:318	arg1	process					320:326	sol-gel process	312:326	sol-gel process	312:326	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	7	50	theme	River	1596:1600	arg1	samples					1608:1614	the spiked Yangtze River water samples	1577:1614	the spiked Yangtze River water samples	1577:1614	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	0	51	from	biphenyls	188:196	arg1	waters					215:220	environmental waters	201:220	environmental waters	201:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	3	52	theme	bar	668:670	arg1	SBSE					693:696	SBSE	693:696	SBSE	693:696	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	52	theme	bar	668:670	arg1	extraction					681:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction	646:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	646:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	1	53	from	analysis	336:343	arg1	work					389:392	this work	384:392	this work	384:392	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	7	54	theme	spiked	1581:1586	arg1	samples					1608:1614	the spiked Yangtze River water samples	1577:1614	the spiked Yangtze River water samples	1577:1614	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	3	55	theme	PANI/α-CD-coated	646:661	arg1	SBSE					693:696	SBSE	693:696	SBSE	693:696	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	55	theme	PANI/α-CD-coated	646:661	arg1	extraction					681:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction	646:690	PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	646:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	1	56	theme	novel	225:229	arg1	bar					292:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	3	57	from	determination	804:816	arg1	waters					849:854	environmental waters	835:854	environmental waters	835:854	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	58	theme	extraction	681:690	arg1	method					636:641	a novel method	628:641	a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	628:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	0	59	theme	polychlorinated	172:186	arg1	biphenyls					188:196	trace polychlorinated biphenyls	166:196	trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	166:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	4	60	theme	best	871:874	arg1	performance					887:897	the best extraction performance	867:897	the best extraction performance for target PCBs	867:913	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	3	61	theme	high	711:714	arg1	chromatography-ultraviolet					735:760	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet	711:760	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	711:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	61	theme	high	711:714	arg1	HPLC-UV					763:769	HPLC-UV	763:769	HPLC-UV	763:769	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	7	62	theme	East	1453:1456	arg1	water					1463:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	63	theme	%	1571:1571	arg1	range					1501:1505	the range	1497:1505	the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively	1497:1628	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	0	64	theme	high	85:88	arg1	detection					136:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection	85:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	85:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	7	65	theme	East	1535:1538	arg1	samples					1551:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	66	theme	Yangtze	1429:1435	arg1	water					1443:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	3	67	theme	liquid	728:733	arg1	chromatography-ultraviolet					735:760	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet	711:760	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	711:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	3	67	theme	liquid	728:733	arg1	HPLC-UV					763:769	HPLC-UV	763:769	HPLC-UV	763:769	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	0	68	theme	liquid	102:107	arg1	detection					136:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection	85:144	high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	85:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	7	69	theme	water	1545:1549	arg1	samples					1551:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	the spiked East Lake water samples	1524:1557	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	70	theme	PCBs	1421:1424	arg1	determination					1391:1403	the determination	1387:1403	the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water	1387:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	71	from	water	1463:1467	arg1	determination					1391:1403	the determination	1387:1403	the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water	1387:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	3	72	theme	trace	821:825	arg1	PCBs					827:830	trace PCBs	821:830	trace PCBs	821:830	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	5	73	theme	optimal	1035:1041	arg1	conditions					1056:1065	optimal experimental conditions	1035:1065	optimal experimental conditions	1035:1065	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	4	74	theme	target	903:908	arg1	PCBs					910:913	target PCBs	903:913	target PCBs	903:913	To obtain the best extraction performance for target PCBs, several parameters affecting SBSE, such as extraction time, stirring rate, and ionic strength were investigated.
26838413	2	75	theme	PANI/α-CD-coated	434:449	arg1	bar					456:458	the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar	430:458	the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar	430:458	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	7	76	theme	%	1518:1518	arg1	range					1501:1505	the range	1497:1505	the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively	1497:1628	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	2	77	theme	standard	484:491	arg1	RSDs					505:508	RSDs	505:508	RSDs	505:508	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	77	theme	standard	484:491	arg1	deviations					493:502	relative standard deviations	475:502	relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively	475:612	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	0	78	theme	stir	42:45	arg1	extraction					60:69	stir bar sorptive extraction	42:69	stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters	42:220	Polyaniline/cyclodextrin composite coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for the analysis of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters.
26838413	6	79	dep	68.4-fold	1265:1273	arg1	EF					1288:1289	theoretical EF	1276:1289	theoretical EF	1276:1289	Enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 39.8 to 68.4-fold (theoretical EF, 83.3-fold) for target analytes were achieved.
26838413	6	80	theme	theoretical	1276:1286	arg1	EF					1288:1289	theoretical EF	1276:1289	theoretical EF	1276:1289	Enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 39.8 to 68.4-fold (theoretical EF, 83.3-fold) for target analytes were achieved.
26838413	5	81	theme	method	1115:1120	arg1	LODs					1093:1096	LODs	1093:1096	LODs	1093:1096	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	5	81	theme	method	1115:1120	arg1	detection					1082:1090	detection	1082:1090	detection (LODs) of the proposed method	1082:1120	Under optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) of the proposed method for seven PCBs were in the range of 0.048-0.22 μg/L, and the RSDs were 5.3-9.8% (n=7, c=1 μg/L).
26838413	7	82	from	PCBs	1421:1424	arg1	water					1463:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	East Lake water	1453:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	7	82	from	PCBs	1421:1424	arg1	water					1443:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	Yangtze River water	1429:1447	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	2	83	theme	3.7	532:534	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	1	84	theme	biphenyls	364:372	arg1	analysis					336:343	the analysis	332:343	the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work	332:392	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	7	85	from	water	1443:1447	arg1	determination					1391:1403	the determination	1387:1403	the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water	1387:1467	The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of seven target PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, and the recoveries were in the range of 73.0-120% for the spiked East Lake water samples and 82.7-121% for the spiked Yangtze River water samples, respectively.
26838413	1	86	theme	stir	287:290	arg1	bar					292:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar	223:294	A novel polyaniline/α-cyclodextrin (PANI/α-CD) composite coated stir bar was prepared by sol-gel process for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in this work.
26838413	3	87	theme	novel	630:634	arg1	method					636:641	a novel method	628:641	a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection	628:780	Based on it, a novel method of PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection was developed for the determination of trace PCBs in environmental waters.
26838413	2	88	theme	preparation	399:409	arg1	good					464:467	good	464:467	good	464:467	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
26838413	2	88	theme	preparation	399:409	arg1	reproducibility					411:425	The preparation reproducibility	395:425	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar	395:458	The preparation reproducibility of the PANI/α-CD-coated stir bar was good, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 2.3% to 3.7% (n=7) and 2.0% to 3.8% (n=7) for bar to bar and batch to batch, respectively.
25448583	4	0	with	excelsa	400:406	arg1	P90G					482:485	P90G	482:485	P90G	482:485	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	0	with	excelsa	400:406	arg1	90G					477:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G	461:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G)	461:486	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	8	1	theme	artemether	1144:1153	arg1	rate					1136:1139	increased dissolution rate	1114:1139	increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05)	1114:1176	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	8	2	theme	SLM	944:946	arg1	dispersions					948:958	SLM dispersions	944:958	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	944:997	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	6	3	dep	In	739:740	arg1	vivo					742:745	vivo	742:745	vivo	742:745	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs was evaluated in mice.
25448583	3	4	theme	Irvingia	375:382	arg1	var					395:397	Irvingia gabonensis var	375:397	Irvingia gabonensis var	375:397	Irvingia fat was extracted from Irvingia gabonensis var.
25448583	4	5	theme	scanning	523:530	arg1	DSC					545:547	DSC	545:547	DSC	545:547	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	5	theme	scanning	523:530	arg1	calorimetry					532:542	differential scanning calorimetry	510:542	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	510:548	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	8	6	from	capsules	1160:1167	arg1	rate					1136:1139	increased dissolution rate	1114:1139	increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05)	1114:1176	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	4	7	theme	lipid	436:440	arg1	matrices					442:449	its lipid matrices	432:449	its lipid matrices	432:449	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	9	8	theme	%	1212:1212	arg1	inhibition					1232:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	5	9	theme	drug	717:720	arg1	release					722:728	drug release	717:728	drug release	717:728	Solid lipid microparticles were formulated, characterized, filled and compressed into capsules and tablets, respectively, and drug release studied.
25448583	4	10	theme	differential	510:521	arg1	DSC					545:547	DSC	545:547	DSC	545:547	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	10	theme	differential	510:521	arg1	calorimetry					532:542	differential scanning calorimetry	510:542	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	510:548	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	8	11	theme	dialysis	1048:1055	arg1	membrane					1057:1064	dialysis membrane	1048:1064	dialysis membrane	1048:1064	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	5	12	theme	Solid	591:595	arg1	microparticles					603:616	Solid lipid microparticles	591:616	Solid lipid microparticles	591:616	Solid lipid microparticles were formulated, characterized, filled and compressed into capsules and tablets, respectively, and drug release studied.
25448583	10	13	theme	P90G	1423:1426	arg1	mixtures					1395:1402	composite mixtures	1385:1402	composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G	1385:1426	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	5	14	theme	lipid	597:601	arg1	microparticles					603:616	Solid lipid microparticles	591:616	Solid lipid microparticles	591:616	Solid lipid microparticles were formulated, characterized, filled and compressed into capsules and tablets, respectively, and drug release studied.
25448583	10	15	theme	anti-malarial	1516:1528	arg1	efficacy					1530:1537	anti-malarial efficacy	1516:1537	anti-malarial efficacy	1516:1537	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	8	16	theme	irvingia	969:976	arg1	composition					987:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	2	17	theme	homolipid-based	311:325	arg1	microparticles					327:340	homolipid-based microparticles	311:340	homolipid-based microparticles	311:340	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	8	18	dep	higher	1006:1011	arg1	diffusion					1013:1021	diffusion	1013:1021	diffusion	1013:1021	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	10	19	used	used	1437:1440	arg2	SLMs					1366:1369	SLMs	1366:1369	SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G	1366:1426	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	9	20	theme	SLM	1311:1313	arg1	dispersions					1315:1325	the SLM dispersions	1307:1325	the SLM dispersions	1307:1325	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	7	21	theme	fat	923:925	arg1	lattice					935:941	the irvingia fat crystal lattice	910:941	the irvingia fat crystal lattice	910:941	The crystallinity of the phyto-lipid reduced in the presence of P90G, which was integrated into the irvingia fat crystal lattice.
25448583	7	22	theme	phyto-lipid	839:849	arg1	crystallinity					818:830	The crystallinity	814:830	The crystallinity of the phyto-lipid	814:849	The crystallinity of the phyto-lipid reduced in the presence of P90G, which was integrated into the irvingia fat crystal lattice.
25448583	6	23	theme	SLMs	786:789	arg1	activity					763:770	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity	739:770	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs	739:789	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs was evaluated in mice.
25448583	1	24	theme	anti-malarial	107:119	arg1	activity					121:128	The anti-malarial activity	103:128	The anti-malarial activity of artemether	103:142	The anti-malarial activity of artemether is dependent on its bioavailability.
25448583	1	24	theme	anti-malarial	107:119	arg1	dependent					147:155	dependent	147:155	dependent	147:155	The anti-malarial activity of artemether is dependent on its bioavailability.
25448583	4	25	with	matrices	442:449	arg1	P90G					482:485	P90G	482:485	P90G	482:485	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	25	with	matrices	442:449	arg1	90G					477:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G	461:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G)	461:486	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	26	theme	wide	554:557	arg1	WAXD					584:587	WAXD	584:587	WAXD	584:587	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	26	theme	wide	554:557	arg1	diffraction					571:581	wide angle X-ray diffraction	554:581	wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD)	554:588	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	8	27	theme	lower	1072:1076	arg1	proportion					1078:1087	lower proportion	1072:1087	lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM)	1072:1104	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	6	28	theme	artemether	775:784	arg1	SLMs					786:789	artemether SLMs	775:789	artemether SLMs	775:789	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs was evaluated in mice.
25448583	9	29	theme	plasmodial	1214:1223	arg1	inhibition					1232:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	8	30	theme	P90G	1092:1095	arg1	proportion					1078:1087	lower proportion	1072:1087	lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM)	1072:1104	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	7	31	theme	irvingia	914:921	arg1	lattice					935:941	the irvingia fat crystal lattice	910:941	the irvingia fat crystal lattice	910:941	The crystallinity of the phyto-lipid reduced in the presence of P90G, which was integrated into the irvingia fat crystal lattice.
25448583	8	32	theme	3:1	965:967	arg1	composition					987:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	4	33	theme	X-ray	565:569	arg1	WAXD					584:587	WAXD	584:587	WAXD	584:587	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	33	theme	X-ray	565:569	arg1	diffraction					571:581	wide angle X-ray diffraction	554:581	wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD)	554:588	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	34	theme	®	474:474	arg1	P90G					482:485	P90G	482:485	P90G	482:485	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	34	theme	®	474:474	arg1	90G					477:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G	461:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G)	461:486	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	1	35	theme	artemether	133:142	arg1	activity					121:128	The anti-malarial activity	103:128	The anti-malarial activity of artemether	103:142	The anti-malarial activity of artemether is dependent on its bioavailability.
25448583	1	35	theme	artemether	133:142	arg1	dependent					147:155	dependent	147:155	dependent	147:155	The anti-malarial activity of artemether is dependent on its bioavailability.
25448583	10	36	theme	homolipid	1409:1417	arg1	mixtures					1395:1402	composite mixtures	1385:1402	composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G	1385:1426	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	8	37	with	dispersions	948:958	arg1	composition					987:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	4	38	theme	angle	559:563	arg1	WAXD					584:587	WAXD	584:587	WAXD	584:587	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	38	theme	angle	559:563	arg1	diffraction					571:581	wide angle X-ray diffraction	554:581	wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD)	554:588	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	8	39	theme	9:1	1098:1100	arg1	P90G					1092:1095	P90G	1092:1095	P90G (9:1 LM)	1092:1104	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	8	39	theme	9:1	1098:1100	arg1	LM					1102:1103	9:1 LM	1098:1103	9:1 LM	1098:1103	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	2	40	theme	research	200:207	arg1	purpose					185:191	The purpose	181:191	The purpose of the research	181:207	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	2	41	theme	therapeutic	259:269	arg1	efficacy					271:278	therapeutic efficacy	259:278	therapeutic efficacy	259:278	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	0	42	theme	anti-malarial	34:46	arg1	activity					48:55	anti-malarial activity	34:55	anti-malarial activity	34:55	Formulation, characterization and anti-malarial activity of homolipid-based artemether microparticles.
25448583	8	43	theme	fat/P90G	978:985	arg1	composition					987:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition	965:997	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	9	44	theme	growth	1225:1230	arg1	inhibition					1232:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	0	45	theme	homolipid-based	60:74	arg1	artemether					76:85	homolipid-based artemether	60:85	homolipid-based artemether	60:85	Formulation, characterization and anti-malarial activity of homolipid-based artemether microparticles.
25448583	9	46	located	observed	1272:1279	arg1	mice					1284:1287	mice	1284:1287	mice administered with the SLM dispersions	1284:1325	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	9	46	located	observed	1272:1279	arg2	p<0.05					1201:1206	p<0.05	1201:1206	p<0.05	1201:1206	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	9	46	located	observed	1272:1279	arg2	increase					1191:1198	Significant increase	1179:1198	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia	1179:1265	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	9	47	theme	Significant	1179:1189	arg1	p<0.05					1201:1206	p<0.05	1201:1206	p<0.05	1201:1206	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	9	47	theme	Significant	1179:1189	arg1	increase					1191:1198	Significant increase	1179:1198	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia	1179:1265	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	8	48	theme	dissolution	1124:1134	arg1	rate					1136:1139	increased dissolution rate	1114:1139	increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05)	1114:1176	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	6	49	theme	anti-plasmodial	747:761	arg1	activity					763:770	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity	739:770	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs	739:789	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs was evaluated in mice.
25448583	10	50	theme	composite	1385:1393	arg1	mixtures					1395:1402	composite mixtures	1385:1402	composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G	1385:1426	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	4	51	theme	Irvingia	409:416	arg1	excelsa					400:406	excelsa	400:406	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu)	400:425	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	51	theme	Irvingia	409:416	arg1	wombolu					418:424	Irvingia wombolu	409:424	Irvingia wombolu	409:424	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	3	52	theme	Irvingia	343:350	arg1	fat					352:354	Irvingia fat	343:354	Irvingia fat	343:354	Irvingia fat was extracted from Irvingia gabonensis var.
25448583	9	53	theme	reduced	1247:1253	arg1	parasitemia					1255:1265	reduced parasitemia	1247:1265	reduced parasitemia	1247:1265	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	2	54	theme	artemether	294:303	arg1	bioavailability					239:253	bioavailability	239:253	bioavailability	239:253	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	2	54	theme	artemether	294:303	arg1	efficacy					271:278	therapeutic efficacy	259:278	therapeutic efficacy	259:278	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	2	54	theme	artemether	294:303	arg1	solubility					227:236	solubility	227:236	solubility	227:236	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	6	55	theme	In	739:740	arg1	activity					763:770	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity	739:770	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs	739:789	In vivo anti-plasmodial activity of artemether SLMs was evaluated in mice.
25448583	4	56	theme	Phospholipon	461:472	arg1	P90G					482:485	P90G	482:485	P90G	482:485	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	4	56	theme	Phospholipon	461:472	arg1	90G					477:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G	461:479	Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G)	461:486	excelsa (Irvingia wombolu), and its lipid matrices (LM) with Phospholipon(®) 90G (P90G) were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).
25448583	2	57	theme	lipophilic	283:292	arg1	artemether					294:303	lipophilic artemether	283:303	lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles	283:340	The purpose of the research is to improve the solubility, bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic artemether using homolipid-based microparticles.
25448583	8	58	theme	increased	1114:1122	arg1	rate					1136:1139	increased dissolution rate	1114:1139	increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05)	1114:1176	SLM dispersions with 3:1 irvingia fat/P90G composition showed higher diffusion and permeability through dialysis membrane while lower proportion of P90G (9:1 LM) favored increased dissolution rate of artemether from capsules (p<0.05).
25448583	7	59	theme	crystal	927:933	arg1	lattice					935:941	the irvingia fat crystal lattice	910:941	the irvingia fat crystal lattice	910:941	The crystallinity of the phyto-lipid reduced in the presence of P90G, which was integrated into the irvingia fat crystal lattice.
25448583	3	60	theme	gabonensis	384:393	arg1	var					395:397	Irvingia gabonensis var	375:397	Irvingia gabonensis var	375:397	Irvingia fat was extracted from Irvingia gabonensis var.
25448583	0	61	theme	artemether	76:85	arg1	characterization					13:28	characterization	13:28	characterization	13:28	Formulation, characterization and anti-malarial activity of homolipid-based artemether microparticles.
25448583	0	61	theme	artemether	76:85	arg1	activity					48:55	anti-malarial activity	34:55	anti-malarial activity	34:55	Formulation, characterization and anti-malarial activity of homolipid-based artemether microparticles.
25448583	0	61	theme	artemether	76:85	arg1	Formulation					0:10	Formulation	0:10	Formulation	0:10	Formulation, characterization and anti-malarial activity of homolipid-based artemether microparticles.
25448583	9	62	from	increase	1191:1198	arg1	inhibition					1232:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	% plasmodial growth inhibition	1212:1241	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	9	62	from	increase	1191:1198	arg1	parasitemia					1255:1265	reduced parasitemia	1247:1265	reduced parasitemia	1247:1265	Significant increase (p<0.05) in % plasmodial growth inhibition and reduced parasitemia were observed in mice administered with the SLM dispersions compared with the controls.
25448583	7	63	theme	P90G	878:881	arg1	presence					866:873	the presence	862:873	the presence of P90G, which was integrated into the irvingia fat crystal lattice	862:941	The crystallinity of the phyto-lipid reduced in the presence of P90G, which was integrated into the irvingia fat crystal lattice.
25448583	10	64	theme	artemether	1542:1551	arg1	bioavailability					1496:1510	bioavailability	1496:1510	bioavailability	1496:1510	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	10	64	theme	artemether	1542:1551	arg1	efficacy					1530:1537	anti-malarial efficacy	1516:1537	anti-malarial efficacy	1516:1537	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	10	64	theme	artemether	1542:1551	arg1	permeability					1482:1493	permeability	1482:1493	permeability	1482:1493	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	10	64	theme	artemether	1542:1551	arg1	dissolution					1469:1479	dissolution	1469:1479	dissolution	1469:1479	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
25448583	10	64	theme	artemether	1542:1551	arg1	solubility					1457:1466	solubility	1457:1466	solubility	1457:1466	Therefore, SLMs prepared with composite mixtures of a homolipid and P90G could be used to improve the solubility, dissolution, permeability, bioavailability and anti-malarial efficacy of artemether.
27233126	7	0	theme	meal	1227:1230	arg1	hydrolysates					1140:1151	The hydrolysates	1136:1151	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM)	1136:1238	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	14	1	theme	production	2514:2523	arg1	importance					2495:2504	most importance	2490:2504	most importance of high production	2490:2523	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	14	1	theme	production	2514:2523	arg1	similarity					2354:2363	its low similarity	2346:2363	its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli	2346:2484	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	2	2	theme	DNA	323:325	arg1	fragment					327:334	A 3314bp DNA fragment	314:334	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained	314:343	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	7	3	theme	defatted	1212:1219	arg1	H-DCM					1233:1237	H-DCM	1233:1237	H-DCM	1233:1237	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	7	3	theme	defatted	1212:1219	arg1	meal					1227:1230	defatted copra meal	1212:1230	defatted copra meal (H-DCM)	1212:1238	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	7	4	theme	locust	1184:1189	arg1	H-LBG					1201:1205	H-LBG	1201:1205	H-LBG	1201:1205	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	7	4	theme	locust	1184:1189	arg1	gum					1196:1198	locust bean gum	1184:1198	locust bean gum (H-LBG)	1184:1206	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	12	5	theme	N-terminal	2157:2166	arg1	number					2199:2204	GenBank accession number KM100456	2181:2213	GenBank accession number KM100456	2181:2213	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	5	theme	N-terminal	2157:2166	arg1	KMAN					2175:2178	N-terminal namely KMAN	2157:2178	N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	2157:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	13	6	theme	periplasmic	2264:2274	arg1	activities					2282:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities	2230:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units	2230:2318	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	14	7	theme	mannanase	2558:2566	arg1	source					2568:2573	a novel mannanase source	2550:2573	a novel mannanase source for application in the future	2550:2603	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	14	7	theme	mannanase	2558:2566	arg1	it					2526:2527	it	2526:2527	it	2526:2527	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	13	8	theme	E.	2325:2326	arg1	KMAN-2					2333:2338	E. coli KMAN-2	2325:2338	E. coli KMAN-2	2325:2338	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	9	9	theme	Weissella	1617:1625	arg1	1093					1639:1642	Weissella confusa JCM 1093	1617:1642	Weissella confusa JCM 1093	1617:1642	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	12	10	theme	nucleotide	1809:1818	arg1	sequence					1820:1827	the nucleotide sequence	1805:1827	the nucleotide sequence	1805:1827	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	1	11	theme	400	256:258	arg1	times					260:264	times	260:264	times	260:264	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	4	12	theme	in	936:937	arg1	digestion					949:957	in vivo feed digestion	936:957	in vivo feed digestion	936:957	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	8	13	theme	acid	1468:1471	arg1	bacteria					1473:1480	lactic acid bacteria	1461:1480	lactic acid bacteria	1461:1480	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	1	14	theme	oxytoca	179:185	arg1	KUB-CW2-3					187:195	Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3	168:195	Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3	168:195	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	7	15	theme	endo	1391:1394	arg1	action					1396:1401	the endo action	1387:1401	the endo action of mannanase	1387:1414	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	4	16	theme	heteropolymer	788:800	arg1	specificity					682:692	substrate specificity	672:692	substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	672:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	7	17	theme	konjac	1156:1161	arg1	H-KGM					1176:1180	H-KGM	1176:1180	H-KGM	1176:1180	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	7	17	theme	konjac	1156:1161	arg1	glucomannan					1163:1173	konjac glucomannan	1156:1173	konjac glucomannan (H-KGM)	1156:1181	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	1	18	from	KUB-CW2-3	187:195	arg1	E.C					149:151	E.C 3.2.1.78	149:160	E.C 3.2.1.78	149:160	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	1	18	from	KUB-CW2-3	187:195	arg1	β-mannanase					136:146	β-mannanase	136:146	β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3	136:195	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	3	19	theme	hydrolase	511:519	arg1	family					521:526	the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26)	498:536	the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources	498:622	It belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources.
27233126	13	20	theme	units	2314:2318	arg1	activities					2282:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities	2230:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units	2230:2318	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	4	21	theme	konjac	805:810	arg1	glucomannan					812:822	konjac glucomannan	805:822	konjac glucomannan (100%)	805:829	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	21	theme	konjac	805:810	arg1	%					828:828	100%	825:828	100%	825:828	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	1	22	dep	E.	228:229	arg1	coli					231:234	coli	231:234	coli	231:234	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	14	23	theme	specificity	2446:2456	arg1	range					2405:2409	wide range	2400:2409	wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity	2400:2456	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	14	23	theme	specificity	2446:2456	arg1	mannanases					2368:2377	mannanases	2368:2377	mannanases previously proposed	2368:2397	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	12	24	theme	3D	2108:2109	arg1	analysis					2121:2128	3D structure analysis	2108:2128	3D structure analysis	2108:2128	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	13	25	theme	10	2230:2231	arg1	times					2233:2237	times	2233:2237	times	2233:2237	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	8	26	theme	pathogens	1491:1499	arg1	growth					1451:1456	the growth	1447:1456	the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens	1447:1499	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	7	27	theme	unknown	1351:1357	arg1	oligosaccharides					1359:1374	mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1334:1374	mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1334:1374	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	12	28	theme	recombinant	1980:1990	arg1	KMAN-3					2006:2011	the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3	1976:2011	the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	1976:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	14	29	theme	high	2509:2512	arg1	production					2514:2523	high production	2509:2523	high production	2509:2523	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	8	30	theme	Escherichia	1508:1518	arg1	E010					1525:1528	Escherichia coli E010	1508:1528	Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1)	1508:1574	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	7	31	theme	mannohexaose	1334:1345	arg1	oligosaccharides					1359:1374	mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1334:1374	mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1334:1374	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	12	32	theme	first	1942:1946	arg1	frame					1961:1965	the first open reading frame	1938:1965	the first open reading frame	1938:1965	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	9	33	theme	salivarius	1679:1688	arg1	KL-D4					1690:1694	Lb salivarius KL-D4	1676:1694	Lb salivarius KL-D4	1676:1694	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	4	34	theme	broad	657:661	arg1	range					663:667	a broad range	655:667	a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion	655:957	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	34	theme	broad	657:661	arg1	necessary					922:930	necessary	922:930	necessary	922:930	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	6	35	theme	temperature	1073:1083	arg1	range					1085:1089	a low temperature range	1067:1089	a low temperature range of 10-40°C	1067:1100	The enzyme was still highly active over a low temperature range of 10-40°C and over a wide pH range of 4-10.
27233126	14	36	theme	most	2490:2493	arg1	importance					2495:2504	most importance	2490:2504	most importance of high production	2490:2523	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	9	37	dep	Lactobacillus	1645:1657	arg1	reuteri					1659:1665	reuteri	1659:1665	reuteri	1659:1665	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	2	38	theme	molecular	454:462	arg1	weight					464:469	an estimated molecular weight	441:469	an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa	441:480	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	12	39	theme	reading	1953:1959	arg1	frame					1961:1965	the first open reading frame	1938:1965	the first open reading frame	1938:1965	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	14	40	theme	wide	2400:2403	arg1	range					2405:2409	wide range	2400:2409	wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity	2400:2456	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	14	40	theme	wide	2400:2403	arg1	mannanases					2368:2377	mannanases	2368:2377	mannanases previously proposed	2368:2397	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	4	41	theme	feed	944:947	arg1	digestion					949:957	in vivo feed digestion	936:957	in vivo feed digestion	936:957	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	0	42	theme	Klebsiella	52:61	arg1	oxytoca					63:69	Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3	52:79	Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3	52:79	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.
27233126	12	43	contain	containing	1839:1848	arg1	kman-2					1832:1837	kman-2	1832:1837	kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1832:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	43	contain	containing	1839:1848	arg2	frames					1867:1872	two open reading frames	1850:1872	two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1850:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	2	44	with	acids	430:434	arg1	weight					464:469	an estimated molecular weight	441:469	an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa	441:480	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	4	45	theme	bean	839:842	arg1	gum					844:846	locust bean gum	832:846	locust bean gum (92.6%)	832:854	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	45	theme	bean	839:842	arg1	%					853:853	92.6%	849:853	92.6%	849:853	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	14	46	from	application	2579:2589	arg1	future					2598:2603	future	2598:2603	future	2598:2603	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	8	47	theme	growth	1546:1551	arg1	rate					1553:1556	a specific growth rate	1535:1556	a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1)	1535:1574	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	7	48	theme	molecular	1292:1300	arg1	range					1309:1313	their molecular weight range	1286:1313	their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1286:1374	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	1	49	dep	times	260:264	arg1	higher					266:271	higher	266:271	higher	266:271	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	4	50	theme	homopolymer	697:707	arg1	specificity					682:692	substrate specificity	672:692	substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	672:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	13	51	theme	extracellular	2246:2258	arg1	activities					2282:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities	2230:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units	2230:2318	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	4	52	theme	ivory	712:716	arg1	mannan					722:727	ivory nut mannan	712:727	ivory nut mannan (6%)	712:732	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	52	theme	ivory	712:716	arg1	%					731:731	6%	730:731	6%	730:731	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	0	53	theme	mannanase	96:104	arg1	characters					106:115	its hybrid mannanase characters	85:115	its hybrid mannanase characters	85:115	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.
27233126	2	54	theme	open	357:360	arg1	frame					370:374	an open reading frame	354:374	an open reading frame	354:374	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	0	55	theme	Molecular	0:8	arg1	cloning					10:16	Molecular cloning	0:16	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.	0:116	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.
27233126	5	56	theme	optimum	964:970	arg1	temperature					972:982	The optimum temperature	960:982	The optimum temperature	960:982	The optimum temperature and pH were 30-50°C and 4-6, respectively.
27233126	5	56	theme	optimum	964:970	arg1	30-50°C					996:1002	30-50°C	996:1002	30-50°C	996:1002	The optimum temperature and pH were 30-50°C and 4-6, respectively.
27233126	14	57	theme	novel	2552:2556	arg1	source					2568:2573	a novel mannanase source	2550:2573	a novel mannanase source for application in the future	2550:2603	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	14	57	theme	novel	2552:2556	arg1	it					2526:2527	it	2526:2527	it	2526:2527	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	7	58	theme	mannanase	1406:1414	arg1	action					1396:1401	the endo action	1387:1401	the endo action of mannanase	1387:1414	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	heteropolymer					788:800	heteropolymer	788:800	heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	788:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	cellulose					749:757	carboxymethyl cellulose	735:757	carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%)	735:765	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	%					764:764	30.6%	760:764	30.6%	760:764	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	%					780:780	5%	779:780	5%	779:780	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	%					731:731	6%	730:731	6%	730:731	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	avicel					771:776	avicel	771:776	avicel	771:776	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	59	theme	meal	866:869	arg1	mannan					722:727	ivory nut mannan	712:727	ivory nut mannan (6%)	712:732	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	60	theme	specificity	682:692	arg1	range					663:667	a broad range	655:667	a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion	655:957	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	60	theme	specificity	682:692	arg1	necessary					922:930	necessary	922:930	necessary	922:930	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	14	61	theme	low	2350:2352	arg1	similarity					2354:2363	its low similarity	2346:2363	its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli	2346:2484	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	12	62	theme	acid	2081:2084	arg1	residues					2086:2093	345 amino acid residues	2071:2093	345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence	2071:2152	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	2	63	theme	1164bp	379:384	arg1	frame					370:374	an open reading frame	354:374	an open reading frame	354:374	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	heteropolymer					788:800	heteropolymer	788:800	heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	788:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	cellulose					749:757	carboxymethyl cellulose	735:757	carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%)	735:765	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	%					764:764	30.6%	760:764	30.6%	760:764	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	%					780:780	5%	779:780	5%	779:780	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	%					731:731	6%	730:731	6%	730:731	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	avicel					771:776	avicel	771:776	avicel	771:776	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	64	theme	gum	844:846	arg1	mannan					722:727	ivory nut mannan	712:727	ivory nut mannan (6%)	712:732	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	65	theme	carboxymethyl	735:747	arg1	cellulose					749:757	carboxymethyl cellulose	735:757	carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%)	735:765	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	65	theme	carboxymethyl	735:747	arg1	%					764:764	30.6%	760:764	30.6%	760:764	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	65	theme	carboxymethyl	735:747	arg1	%					780:780	5%	779:780	5%	779:780	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	2	66	theme	3314bp	316:321	arg1	fragment					327:334	A 3314bp DNA fragment	314:334	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained	314:343	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	7	67	from	range	1309:1313	arg1	different					1273:1281	different	1273:1281	different	1273:1281	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	4	68	theme	defatted	894:901	arg1	%					904:904	defatted 7%	894:904	defatted 7%	894:904	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	69	theme	mannan	722:727	arg1	specificity					682:692	substrate specificity	672:692	substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	672:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	14	70	theme	negative	2459:2466	arg1	effect					2468:2473	negative effect	2459:2473	negative effect	2459:2473	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	14	70	theme	negative	2459:2466	arg1	mannanases					2368:2377	mannanases	2368:2377	mannanases previously proposed	2368:2397	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	12	71	theme	amino	2134:2138	arg1	sequence					2145:2152	amino acid sequence	2134:2152	amino acid sequence	2134:2152	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	7	72	from	mannobiose	1320:1329	arg1	range					1309:1313	their molecular weight range	1286:1313	their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1286:1374	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	12	73	theme	accession	2189:2197	arg1	number					2199:2204	GenBank accession number KM100456	2181:2213	GenBank accession number KM100456	2181:2213	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	73	theme	accession	2189:2197	arg1	KMAN					2175:2178	N-terminal namely KMAN	2157:2178	N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	2157:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	74	theme	acid	2140:2143	arg1	sequence					2145:2152	amino acid sequence	2134:2152	amino acid sequence	2134:2152	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	3	75	theme	other	600:604	arg1	sources					616:622	other microbial sources	600:622	other microbial sources	600:622	It belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources.
27233126	12	76	theme	open	1854:1857	arg1	frames					1867:1872	two open reading frames	1850:1872	two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1850:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	7	77	theme	copra	1221:1225	arg1	H-DCM					1233:1237	H-DCM	1233:1237	H-DCM	1233:1237	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	7	77	theme	copra	1221:1225	arg1	meal					1227:1230	defatted copra meal	1212:1230	defatted copra meal (H-DCM)	1212:1238	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	4	78	theme	non-defatted	872:883	arg1	%					888:888	5.3%	885:888	5.3%	885:888	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	12	79	theme	mature	2030:2035	arg1	protein					2037:2043	the mature protein	2026:2043	the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	2026:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	6	80	theme	low	1069:1071	arg1	range					1085:1089	a low temperature range	1067:1089	a low temperature range of 10-40°C	1067:1100	The enzyme was still highly active over a low temperature range of 10-40°C and over a wide pH range of 4-10.
27233126	13	81	dep	times	2233:2237	arg1	higher					2239:2244	higher	2239:2244	higher	2239:2244	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	12	82	theme	E.	1998:1999	arg1	KMAN-3					2006:2011	the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3	1976:2011	the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	1976:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	7	83	theme	bean	1191:1194	arg1	H-LBG					1201:1205	H-LBG	1201:1205	H-LBG	1201:1205	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	7	83	theme	bean	1191:1194	arg1	gum					1196:1198	locust bean gum	1184:1198	locust bean gum (H-LBG)	1184:1206	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	9	84	theme	JCM	1635:1637	arg1	1093					1639:1642	Weissella confusa JCM 1093	1617:1642	Weissella confusa JCM 1093	1617:1642	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	4	85	dep	meal	866:869	arg1	%					888:888	5.3%	885:888	5.3%	885:888	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	85	dep	meal	866:869	arg1	%					904:904	defatted 7%	894:904	defatted 7%	894:904	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	7	86	theme	gum	1196:1198	arg1	hydrolysates					1140:1151	The hydrolysates	1136:1151	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM)	1136:1238	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	4	87	theme	cellulose	749:757	arg1	specificity					682:692	substrate specificity	672:692	substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	672:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	9	88	theme	confusa	1627:1633	arg1	1093					1639:1642	Weissella confusa JCM 1093	1617:1642	Weissella confusa JCM 1093	1617:1642	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	4	89	contain	had	651:653	arg2	range					663:667	a broad range	655:667	a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion	655:957	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	89	contain	had	651:653	arg2	necessary					922:930	necessary	922:930	necessary	922:930	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	89	contain	had	651:653	arg1	enzyme					644:649	the enzyme	640:649	the enzyme	640:649	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	10	90	dep	KUB-AC5	1760:1766	arg1	reuteri					1752:1758	reuteri KUB-AC5 and Lb	1752:1773	reuteri KUB-AC5 and Lb	1752:1773	reuteri KUB-AC5 and Lb.
27233126	9	91	theme	1093	1639:1642	arg1	species					1606:1612	3 species	1604:1612	3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010	1604:1711	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	6	92	theme	wide	1113:1116	arg1	range					1121:1125	a wide pH range	1111:1125	a wide pH range of 4-10	1111:1133	The enzyme was still highly active over a low temperature range of 10-40°C and over a wide pH range of 4-10.
27233126	3	93	theme	glycosyl	502:509	arg1	family					521:526	the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26)	498:536	the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources	498:622	It belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources.
27233126	8	94	theme	lactic	1461:1466	arg1	bacteria					1473:1480	lactic acid bacteria	1461:1480	lactic acid bacteria	1461:1480	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	7	95	theme	glucomannan	1163:1173	arg1	hydrolysates					1140:1151	The hydrolysates	1136:1151	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM)	1136:1238	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	9	96	theme	Lactobacillus	1645:1657	arg1	KUB-AC5					1667:1673	Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5	1645:1673	Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5	1645:1673	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	9	97	dep	E.	1700:1701	arg1	coli					1703:1706	coli	1703:1706	coli	1703:1706	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	8	98	theme	bacteria	1473:1480	arg1	growth					1451:1456	the growth	1447:1456	the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens	1447:1499	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	13	99	dep	activities	2282:2291	arg1	times					2233:2237	times	2233:2237	times	2233:2237	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	12	100	theme	clone	1992:1996	arg1	KMAN-3					2006:2011	the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3	1976:2011	the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	1976:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	14	101	theme	hetero-polysaccharide	2424:2444	arg1	specificity					2446:2456	homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity	2414:2456	homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity	2414:2456	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	9	102	theme	KUB-AC5	1667:1673	arg1	species					1606:1612	3 species	1604:1612	3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010	1604:1711	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	8	103	with	E010	1525:1528	arg1	rate					1553:1556	a specific growth rate	1535:1556	a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1)	1535:1574	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	6	104	theme	4-10	1130:1133	arg1	range					1121:1125	a wide pH range	1111:1125	a wide pH range of 4-10	1111:1133	The enzyme was still highly active over a low temperature range of 10-40°C and over a wide pH range of 4-10.
27233126	6	105	theme	10-40°C	1094:1100	arg1	range					1085:1089	a low temperature range	1067:1089	a low temperature range of 10-40°C	1067:1100	The enzyme was still highly active over a low temperature range of 10-40°C and over a wide pH range of 4-10.
27233126	12	106	dep	E.	1998:1999	arg1	coli					2001:2004	coli	2001:2004	coli	2001:2004	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	11	107	theme	johnsonii	1776:1784	arg1	KUNN19-2					1786:1793	johnsonii KUNN19-2	1776:1793	johnsonii KUNN19-2.	1776:1794	johnsonii KUNN19-2.
27233126	12	108	theme	open	1948:1951	arg1	frame					1961:1965	the first open reading frame	1938:1965	the first open reading frame	1938:1965	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	14	109	theme	homo-	2414:2418	arg1	specificity					2446:2456	homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity	2414:2456	homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity	2414:2456	With its low similarity to mannanases previously proposed, wide range of homo- and hetero-polysaccharide specificity, negative effect to E. coli and most importance of high production, it would be proposed as a novel mannanase source for application in the future.
27233126	9	110	theme	Lb	1676:1677	arg1	KL-D4					1690:1694	Lb salivarius KL-D4	1676:1694	Lb salivarius KL-D4	1676:1694	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	13	111	dep	E.	2325:2326	arg1	coli					2328:2331	coli	2328:2331	coli	2328:2331	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	12	112	theme	frame	1961:1965	arg1	removal					1927:1933	removal	1927:1933	removal of the first open reading frame	1927:1965	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	9	113	theme	KL-D4	1690:1694	arg1	species					1606:1612	3 species	1604:1612	3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010	1604:1711	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	13	114	theme	total	2276:2280	arg1	activities					2282:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities	2230:2291	10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units	2230:2318	It exhibited 10 times higher extracellular and periplasmic total activities of 17,600 and 14,800 units than E. coli KMAN-2.
27233126	3	115	theme	low	548:550	arg1	similarity					552:561	low similarity	548:561	low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources	548:622	It belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources.
27233126	4	116	dep	in	936:937	arg1	vivo					939:942	vivo	939:942	vivo	939:942	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	12	117	dep	+1	1901:1902	arg1	the					1897:1899	the	1897:1899	the	1897:1899	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	7	118	theme	weight	1302:1307	arg1	range					1309:1313	their molecular weight range	1286:1313	their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1286:1374	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	2	119	theme	estimated	444:452	arg1	weight					464:469	an estimated molecular weight	441:469	an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa	441:480	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	9	120	theme	E.	1700:1701	arg1	E010					1708:1711	E. coli E010	1700:1711	E. coli E010	1700:1711	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	heteropolymer					788:800	heteropolymer	788:800	heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	788:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	cellulose					749:757	carboxymethyl cellulose	735:757	carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%)	735:765	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	%					764:764	30.6%	760:764	30.6%	760:764	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	%					780:780	5%	779:780	5%	779:780	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	%					731:731	6%	730:731	6%	730:731	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	avicel					771:776	avicel	771:776	avicel	771:776	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	121	theme	glucomannan	812:822	arg1	mannan					722:727	ivory nut mannan	712:727	ivory nut mannan (6%)	712:732	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	122	theme	locust	832:837	arg1	gum					844:846	locust bean gum	832:846	locust bean gum (92.6%)	832:854	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	122	theme	locust	832:837	arg1	%					853:853	92.6%	849:853	92.6%	849:853	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	9	123	theme	E010	1708:1711	arg1	species					1606:1612	3 species	1604:1612	3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010	1604:1711	H-LBG was more specific to 3 species of Weissella confusa JCM 1093, Lactobacillus reuteri KUB-AC5, Lb salivarius KL-D4 and E. coli E010 while both H-KGM and H-DCM were to Lb.
27233126	0	124	theme	hybrid	89:94	arg1	characters					106:115	its hybrid mannanase characters	85:115	its hybrid mannanase characters	85:115	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.
27233126	12	125	theme	kman-2	1832:1837	arg1	sequence					1820:1827	the nucleotide sequence	1805:1827	the nucleotide sequence	1805:1827	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	8	126	theme	specific	1537:1544	arg1	rate					1553:1556	a specific growth rate	1535:1556	a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1)	1535:1574	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	2	127	theme	43.2kDa	474:480	arg1	weight					464:469	an estimated molecular weight	441:469	an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa	441:480	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	12	128	theme	+43	1908:1910	arg1	end					1890:1892	1 and 2at 5' end	1877:1892	1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1877:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	129	theme	end	1890:1892	arg1	frames					1867:1872	two open reading frames	1850:1872	two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1850:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	130	theme	structure	2111:2119	arg1	analysis					2121:2128	3D structure analysis	2108:2128	3D structure analysis	2108:2128	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	1	131	dep	activities	283:292	arg1	times					260:264	times	260:264	times	260:264	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	2	132	theme	reading	362:368	arg1	frame					370:374	an open reading frame	354:374	an open reading frame	354:374	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	8	133	theme	0.36-0.83h	1561:1570	arg1	rate					1553:1556	a specific growth rate	1535:1556	a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1)	1535:1574	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	12	134	theme	amino	2075:2079	arg1	residues					2086:2093	345 amino acid residues	2071:2093	345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence	2071:2152	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	0	135	theme	kman	21:24	arg1	cloning					10:16	Molecular cloning	0:16	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.	0:116	Molecular cloning of kman coding for mannanase from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 and its hybrid mannanase characters.
27233126	7	136	from	different	1273:1281	arg1	range					1309:1313	their molecular weight range	1286:1313	their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides	1286:1374	The hydrolysates of konjac glucomannan (H-KGM), locust bean gum (H-LBG) and defatted copra meal (H-DCM) composed of compounds which were different in their molecular weight range from mannobiose to mannohexaose and unknown oligosaccharides indicating the endo action of mannanase.
27233126	4	137	theme	copra	860:864	arg1	meal					866:869	copra meal	860:869	copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	860:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	12	138	theme	+1	1901:1902	arg1	end					1890:1892	1 and 2at 5' end	1877:1892	1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1877:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	4	139	theme	substrate	672:680	arg1	specificity					682:692	substrate specificity	672:692	substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%)	672:905	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	1	140	theme	mannanase	273:281	arg1	activities					283:292	400 times higher mannanase activities	256:292	400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type	256:311	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	2	141	theme	amino	424:428	arg1	acids					430:434	387 amino acids	420:434	387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa	420:480	A 3314bp DNA fragment obtained revealed an open reading frame of 1164bp, namely kman-2, which encoded for 387 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 43.2kDa.
27233126	12	142	theme	mannanase	2048:2056	arg1	protein					2037:2043	the mature protein	2026:2043	the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	2026:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	3	143	theme	%	571:571	arg1	similarity					552:561	low similarity	548:561	low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources	548:622	It belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources.
27233126	12	144	theme	reading	1859:1865	arg1	frames					1867:1872	two open reading frames	1850:1872	two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43	1850:1910	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	6	145	theme	pH	1118:1119	arg1	range					1121:1125	a wide pH range	1111:1125	a wide pH range of 4-10	1111:1133	The enzyme was still highly active over a low temperature range of 10-40°C and over a wide pH range of 4-10.
27233126	3	146	theme	microbial	606:614	arg1	sources					616:622	other microbial sources	600:622	other microbial sources	600:622	It belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 26 (GH26) exhibited low similarity of 50-71% to β-mannanase produced by other microbial sources.
27233126	1	147	theme	wild	303:306	arg1	type					308:311	the wild type	299:311	the wild type	299:311	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
27233126	4	148	theme	nut	718:720	arg1	mannan					722:727	ivory nut mannan	712:727	ivory nut mannan (6%)	712:732	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	4	148	theme	nut	718:720	arg1	%					731:731	6%	730:731	6%	730:731	Interestingly, the enzyme had a broad range of substrate specificity of homopolymer of ivory nut mannan (6%), carboxymethyl cellulose (30.6%) and avicel (5%), and heteropolymer of konjac glucomannan (100%), locust bean gum (92.6%) and copra meal (non-defatted 5.3% and defatted 7%) which would be necessary for in vivo feed digestion.
27233126	8	149	dep	Escherichia	1508:1518	arg1	coli					1520:1523	coli	1520:1523	coli	1520:1523	Both H-DCM and H-LBG enhanced the growth of lactic acid bacteria and some pathogens except Escherichia coli E010 with a specific growth rate of 0.36-0.83h(-1).
27233126	12	150	theme	GenBank	2181:2187	arg1	number					2199:2204	GenBank accession number KM100456	2181:2213	GenBank accession number KM100456	2181:2213	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	12	150	theme	GenBank	2181:2187	arg1	KMAN					2175:2178	N-terminal namely KMAN	2157:2178	N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456)	2157:2214	Based on the nucleotide sequence of kman-2 containing two open reading frames of 1 and 2at 5' end of the +1 and +43, respectively, removal of the first open reading frame provided the recombinant clone E. coli KMAN-3 resulting in the mature protein of mannanase composing of 345 amino acid residues confirmed by 3D structure analysis and amino acid sequence at N-terminal namely KMAN (GenBank accession number KM100456).
27233126	1	151	theme	E.	228:229	arg1	system					236:241	an E. coli system	225:241	an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type	225:311	Gene encoding for β-mannanase (E.C 3.2.1.78) from Klebsiella oxytoca KUB-CW2-3 was cloned and expressed by an E. coli system resulting in 400 times higher mannanase activities than the wild type.
25582509	3	0	theme	mannose	804:810	arg1	glycopeptides					820:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides	791:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	791:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	1	1	theme	oligosaccharide	299:313	arg1	compositions					315:326	specific oligosaccharide compositions	290:326	specific oligosaccharide compositions	290:326	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	3	2	theme	protonated	850:859	arg1	ions					915:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	5	3	theme	higher	1347:1352	arg1	range					1365:1369	a significantly higher but narrow range	1331:1369	a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies	1331:1391	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	6	4	theme	fragmentation	1565:1577	arg1	information					1579:1589	fragmentation information	1565:1589	fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties	1565:1639	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	1	5	theme	pivotal	216:222	arg1	role					224:227	a pivotal role	214:227	a pivotal role	214:227	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	2	6	theme	charge	644:649	arg1	carriers					651:658	various charge carriers	636:658	various charge carriers	636:658	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	4	7	theme	applied	1220:1226	arg1	energy					1238:1243	the applied collision energy	1216:1243	the applied collision energy	1216:1243	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	6	8	theme	sodium	1468:1473	arg1	stable					1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	6	8	theme	sodium	1468:1473	arg1	ions					1482:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	4	9	theme	collision	1063:1071	arg1	energies					1073:1080	collision energies	1063:1080	collision energies	1063:1080	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	3	10	theme	sodium	901:906	arg1	ions					915:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	6	11	theme	hybrid	1450:1455	arg1	stable					1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	6	11	theme	hybrid	1450:1455	arg1	ions					1482:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	3	12	theme	vibrational	692:702	arg1	activation/dissociation					704:726	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation	676:726	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation	676:726	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	1	13	theme	protein	246:252	arg1	glycosylation					254:266	site-specific protein glycosylation	232:266	site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein	232:410	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	7	14	theme	glycopeptides	1796:1808	arg1	characteristics					1777:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	1721:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides	1721:1808	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	1	15	theme	glycopeptides	158:170	arg1	Fragmentation					141:153	Fragmentation	141:153	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)	141:206	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	1	16	theme	tandem	175:180	arg1	spectrometry					187:198	tandem mass spectrometry	175:198	tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)	175:206	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	1	16	theme	tandem	175:180	arg1	MS/MS					201:205	MS/MS	201:205	MS/MS	201:205	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	7	17	theme	specific	1920:1927	arg1	carriers					1936:1943	specific charge carriers	1920:1943	specific charge carriers	1920:1943	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	7	18	theme	vibrational	1741:1751	arg1	characteristics					1777:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	1721:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides	1721:1808	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	4	19	theme	sodiated	1107:1114	arg1	ions					1135:1138	the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions	1096:1138	the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions	1096:1138	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	0	20	theme	protonated	87:96	arg1	N-glycopeptides					124:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	5	21	theme	energies	1384:1391	arg1	range					1365:1369	a significantly higher but narrow range	1331:1369	a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies	1331:1391	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	0	22	theme	sodiated	102:109	arg1	N-glycopeptides					124:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	7	23	theme	carrier	1708:1714	arg1	influence					1688:1696	the influence	1684:1696	the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides	1684:1808	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	2	24	theme	glycopeptide	613:624	arg1	ions					626:629	glycopeptide ions	613:629	glycopeptide ions	613:629	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	0	25	theme	mannose	116:122	arg1	N-glycopeptides					124:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	2	26	gly	glycopeptide	613:624	arg2	glycopeptide					613:624	glycopeptide ions	613:629	glycopeptide ions	613:629	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	2	27	theme	dissociation	517:528	arg1	methods					530:536	distinct ion dissociation methods	504:536	distinct ion dissociation methods	504:536	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	2	28	gly	glycopeptides	440:452	arg2	glycopeptides					440:452	glycopeptides	440:452	glycopeptides	440:452	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	4	29	gly	glycopeptide	943:954	arg2	glycopeptide					943:954	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions	921:959	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions	921:985	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	0	30	gly	N-glycopeptides	124:138	arg2	N-glycopeptides					124:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	2	31	theme	distinct	504:511	arg1	methods					530:536	distinct ion dissociation methods	504:536	distinct ion dissociation methods	504:536	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	4	32	theme	glycopeptide	943:954	arg1	ions					956:959	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions	921:959	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions	921:985	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	0	33	theme	vibrational	32:42	arg1	characteristics					68:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	16:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	16:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	5	34	theme	various	1263:1269	arg1	glycopeptides					1287:1299	the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides	1259:1299	the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides	1259:1299	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	7	35	gly	glycopeptides	1796:1808	arg2	glycopeptides					1796:1808	glycopeptides	1796:1808	glycopeptides	1796:1808	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	3	36	gly	glycopeptides	820:832	arg2	glycopeptides					820:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides	791:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	791:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	6	37	theme	precursor	1528:1536	arg1	ions					1538:1541	the precursor ions	1524:1541	the precursor ions studied	1524:1549	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	5	38	theme	sodiated	1278:1285	arg1	glycopeptides					1287:1299	the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides	1259:1299	the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides	1259:1299	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	3	39	theme	high	799:802	arg1	glycopeptides					820:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides	791:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	791:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	1	40	from	Fragmentation	141:153	arg1	spectrometry					187:198	tandem mass spectrometry	175:198	tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)	175:206	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	1	40	from	Fragmentation	141:153	arg1	MS/MS					201:205	MS/MS	201:205	MS/MS	201:205	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	1	41	from	loci	378:381	arg1	protein					404:410	the corresponding protein	386:410	the corresponding protein	386:410	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	2	42	theme	MS/MS	422:426	arg1	analysis					428:435	MS/MS analysis	422:435	MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides	422:452	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	1	43	theme	specific	290:297	arg1	compositions					315:326	specific oligosaccharide compositions	290:326	specific oligosaccharide compositions	290:326	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	4	44	theme	peptide	1181:1187	arg1	fragmentation					1189:1201	peptide fragmentation	1181:1201	peptide fragmentation	1181:1201	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	3	45	theme	tryptic	812:818	arg1	glycopeptides					820:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides	791:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	791:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	0	46	theme	characteristics	68:82	arg1	comparison					2:11	A comparison	0:11	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.	0:139	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	4	47	theme	various	966:972	arg1	compositions					974:985	various compositions	966:985	various compositions	966:985	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	6	48	theme	peptide	1624:1630	arg1	moieties					1632:1639	the peptide moieties	1620:1639	the peptide moieties	1620:1639	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	4	49	theme	collision	1228:1236	arg1	energy					1238:1243	the applied collision energy	1216:1243	the applied collision energy	1216:1243	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	6	50	theme	adduct	1475:1480	arg1	stable					1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	6	50	theme	adduct	1475:1480	arg1	ions					1482:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	4	51	theme	wide	1049:1052	arg1	range					1054:1058	a relatively low but wide range	1028:1058	a relatively low but wide range of collision energies	1028:1080	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	3	52	theme	sodiated	869:876	arg1	ions					915:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	6	53	theme	protonated	1457:1466	arg1	stable					1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	6	53	theme	protonated	1457:1466	arg1	ions					1482:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	3	54	theme	energy-resolved	676:690	arg1	activation/dissociation					704:726	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation	676:726	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation	676:726	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	1	55	theme	site-specific	232:244	arg1	glycosylation					254:266	site-specific protein glycosylation	232:266	site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein	232:410	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	2	56	theme	ions	626:629	arg1	characteristics					594:608	the fragmentation characteristics	576:608	the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions	576:629	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	3	57	theme	adduct	908:913	arg1	ions					915:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	7	58	theme	activation/dissociation	1753:1775	arg1	characteristics					1777:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	1721:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides	1721:1808	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	1	59	gly	glycopeptides	158:170	arg2	glycopeptides					158:170	glycopeptides	158:170	glycopeptides	158:170	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	3	60	theme	protonated	890:899	arg1	ions					915:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	837:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	7	61	theme	energy-resolved	1725:1739	arg1	characteristics					1777:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	1721:1791	the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides	1721:1808	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	4	62	theme	low	1041:1043	arg1	range					1054:1058	a relatively low but wide range	1028:1058	a relatively low but wide range of collision energies	1028:1080	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	5	63	theme	glycan	1413:1418	arg1	cleavages					1420:1428	only glycan cleavages	1408:1428	only glycan cleavages	1408:1428	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	4	64	with	ions	956:959	arg1	compositions					974:985	various compositions	966:985	various compositions	966:985	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	1	65	theme	mass	182:185	arg1	spectrometry					187:198	tandem mass spectrometry	175:198	tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)	175:206	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	1	65	theme	mass	182:185	arg1	MS/MS					201:205	MS/MS	201:205	MS/MS	201:205	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	7	66	theme	charge	1929:1934	arg1	carriers					1936:1943	specific charge carriers	1920:1943	specific charge carriers	1920:1943	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	5	67	gly	glycopeptides	1287:1299	arg2	glycopeptides					1287:1299	the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides	1259:1299	the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides	1259:1299	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	5	68	theme	collision	1374:1382	arg1	energies					1384:1391	collision energies	1374:1391	collision energies	1374:1391	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	0	69	theme	high	111:114	arg1	N-glycopeptides					124:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	87:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	1	70	theme	corresponding	390:402	arg1	protein					404:410	the corresponding protein	386:410	the corresponding protein	386:410	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	7	71	theme	charge	1701:1706	arg1	carrier					1708:1714	charge carrier	1701:1714	charge carrier	1701:1714	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	2	72	theme	various	636:642	arg1	carriers					651:658	various charge carriers	636:658	various charge carriers	636:658	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	0	73	theme	N-glycopeptides	124:138	arg1	characteristics					68:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	16:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	16:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	4	74	theme	energies	1073:1080	arg1	range					1054:1058	a relatively low but wide range	1028:1058	a relatively low but wide range of collision energies	1028:1080	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	7	75	theme	useful	1883:1888	arg1	features					1890:1897	the analytically useful features	1866:1897	the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof	1866:1967	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	2	76	theme	fragmentation	580:592	arg1	characteristics					594:608	the fragmentation characteristics	576:608	the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions	576:629	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	2	77	theme	ion	513:515	arg1	methods					530:536	distinct ion dissociation methods	504:536	distinct ion dissociation methods	504:536	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	2	78	theme	glycopeptides	440:452	arg1	analysis					428:435	MS/MS analysis	422:435	MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides	422:452	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	0	79	theme	energy-resolved	16:30	arg1	characteristics					68:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	16:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	16:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	0	80	theme	activation/dissociation	44:66	arg1	characteristics					68:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics	16:82	energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides	16:138	A comparison of energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of protonated and sodiated high mannose N-glycopeptides.
25582509	7	81	theme	potential	1832:1840	arg1	strategies					1842:1851	potential strategies	1832:1851	potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof	1832:1967	Taken together, these findings illustrate the influence of charge carrier over the energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation characteristics of glycopeptides, and serve to suggest potential strategies that exploit the analytically useful features uniquely afforded by specific charge carriers or combinations thereof.
25582509	4	82	theme	charged	1127:1133	arg1	ions					1135:1138	the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions	1096:1138	the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions	1096:1138	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	3	83	theme	collision-induced	745:761	arg1	dissociation					763:774	collision-induced dissociation	745:774	collision-induced dissociation	745:774	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	4	84	theme	protonated	932:941	arg1	ions					956:959	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions	921:959	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions	921:985	The doubly protonated glycopeptide ions with various compositions were found to undergo fragmentation over a relatively low but wide range of collision energies compared with the doubly sodiated and hybrid charged ions, and were found to yield both glycan and peptide fragmentation depending on the applied collision energy.
25582509	6	85	theme	ions	1538:1541	arg1	stable					1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	stable	1514:1519	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	6	85	theme	ions	1538:1541	arg1	ions					1482:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	1446:1485	Interestingly, the hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions were consistently the most stable of the precursor ions studied, and provided fragmentation information spanning both the glycan and the peptide moieties.
25582509	1	86	theme	specific	369:376	arg1	loci					378:381	specific loci	369:381	specific loci on the corresponding protein	369:410	Fragmentation of glycopeptides in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) plays a pivotal role in site-specific protein glycosylation profiling by allowing specific oligosaccharide compositions and connectivities to be associated with specific loci on the corresponding protein.
25582509	2	87	theme	methods	530:536	arg1	number					494:499	a number	492:499	a number of distinct ion dissociation methods	492:536	Although MS/MS analysis of glycopeptides has been successfully performed using a number of distinct ion dissociation methods, relatively little is known regarding the fragmentation characteristics of glycopeptide ions with various charge carriers.
25582509	3	88	theme	related	791:797	arg1	glycopeptides					820:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides	791:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	791:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	5	89	theme	narrow	1358:1363	arg1	range					1365:1369	a significantly higher but narrow range	1331:1369	a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies	1331:1391	By contrast, the various doubly sodiated glycopeptides were found to dissociate over a significantly higher but narrow range of collision energies, and exhibited only glycan cleavages.
25582509	3	90	theme	glycopeptides	820:832	arg1	glycopeptides					820:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides	791:832	related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	791:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
25582509	3	90	theme	glycopeptides	820:832	arg1	group					782:786	a group	780:786	a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions	780:918	In this study, energy-resolved vibrational activation/dissociation was examined via collision-induced dissociation for a group of related high mannose tryptic glycopeptides as their doubly protonated, doubly sodiated, and hybrid protonated sodium adduct ions.
24947206	2	0	from	differences	186:196	arg1	composition					205:215	the composition	201:215	the composition of chitin resources	201:235	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	7	1	theme	antagonistic	1538:1549	arg1	interactions					1551:1562	antagonistic interactions	1538:1562	antagonistic interactions with fungi	1538:1573	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	3	2	theme	chitinolytic	580:591	arg1	systems					600:606	their chitinolytic enzyme systems	574:606	their chitinolytic enzyme systems	574:606	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	6	3	theme	cell	1247:1250	arg1	walls					1252:1256	degrading fungal cell walls	1230:1256	degrading fungal cell walls	1230:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	2	4	theme	crustaceans	277:287	arg1	exoskeletons					261:272	exoskeletons	261:272	exoskeletons	261:272	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	6	5	theme	degrading	1230:1238	arg1	walls					1252:1256	degrading fungal cell walls	1230:1256	degrading fungal cell walls	1230:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	4	6	theme	chitinases	730:739	arg1	composition					715:725	the modular composition	703:725	the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules)	703:806	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	2	7	theme	fungal	314:319	arg1	walls					326:330	fungal cell walls	314:330	mainly fungal cell walls	307:330	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	5	8	theme	highest	921:927	arg1	number					929:934	the highest number	917:934	the highest number of chitinase genes	917:953	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	9	theme	associated	981:990	arg1	modules					1013:1019	associated carbohydrate-binding modules	981:1019	associated carbohydrate-binding modules	981:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	3	10	theme	systems	600:606	arg1	composition					559:569	the composition	555:569	the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems	555:606	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	5	11	theme	chitin	887:892	arg1	resources					894:902	chitin resources	887:902	chitin resources	887:902	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	0	12	from	bacteria	79:86	arg1	systems					42:48	chitinolytic enzyme systems	22:48	chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	22:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	0	12	from	bacteria	79:86	arg1	comparison					8:17	Genomic comparison	0:17	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	0:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	7	13	theme	degrading	1485:1493	arg1	chitinases					1495:1504	cell-wall degrading chitinases	1475:1504	cell-wall degrading chitinases	1475:1504	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	2	14	dep	aquatic	245:251	arg1	walls					326:330	fungal cell walls	314:330	mainly fungal cell walls	307:330	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	2	14	dep	aquatic	245:251	arg1	exoskeletons					261:272	exoskeletons	261:272	exoskeletons	261:272	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	5	15	theme	wide	871:874	arg1	resources					894:902	chitin resources	887:902	chitin resources	887:902	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	15	theme	wide	871:874	arg1	variety					876:882	a wide variety	869:882	a wide variety of chitin resources	869:902	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	4	16	theme	types	769:773	arg1	presence					747:754	presence	747:754	presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules	747:805	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	2	17	theme	chitin	220:225	arg1	resources					227:235	chitin resources	220:235	chitin resources	220:235	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	4	18	theme	carbohydrate	778:789	arg1	modules					799:805	carbohydrate binding modules	778:805	carbohydrate binding modules	778:805	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	1	19	theme	aquatic	134:140	arg1	species					168:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	Chitin degradation ability is known for many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species.
24947206	5	20	theme	highest	960:966	arg1	diversity					968:976	the highest diversity	956:976	the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules	956:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	7	21	theme	combined	1436:1443	arg1	production					1445:1454	the combined production	1432:1454	the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases	1432:1504	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	21	theme	combined	1436:1443	arg1	strategy					1526:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	22	theme	polyketide	1323:1332	arg1	synthases					1334:1342	polyketide synthases	1323:1342	polyketide synthases	1323:1342	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	1	23	theme	terrestrial	146:156	arg1	species					168:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	Chitin degradation ability is known for many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species.
24947206	7	24	from	strategy	1526:1533	arg1	interactions					1551:1562	antagonistic interactions	1538:1562	antagonistic interactions with fungi	1538:1573	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	25	theme	genomes	1306:1312	arg1	higher					1353:1358	higher	1353:1358	higher	1353:1358	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	25	theme	genomes	1306:1312	arg1	fraction					1263:1270	The fraction	1259:1270	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases	1259:1342	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	5	26	theme	genes	949:953	arg1	number					929:934	the highest number	917:934	the highest number of chitinase genes	917:953	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	26	theme	genes	949:953	arg1	number					1037:1042	the highest number	1025:1042	the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1025:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	26	theme	genes	949:953	arg1	diversity					968:976	the highest diversity	956:976	the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules	956:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	6	27	contain	containing	1155:1164	arg2	β-1					1166:1168	β-1	1166:1168	β-1	1166:1168	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	6	27	contain	containing	1155:1164	arg1	genomes					1147:1153	genomes	1147:1153	genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls	1147:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	6	27	contain	containing	1155:1164	arg2	enzymes					1185:1191	enzymes	1185:1191	enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls	1185:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	6	27	contain	containing	1155:1164	arg2	3-glucanases					1171:1182	3-glucanases	1171:1182	3-glucanases	1171:1182	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	7	28	theme	bacterial	1275:1283	arg1	genomes					1306:1312	bacterial chitinase-containing genomes	1275:1312	bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases	1275:1342	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	4	29	dep	presence	747:754	arg1	i.e.					742:745	i.e.	742:745	i.e.	742:745	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	6	30	contain	have	1118:1121	arg1	Actinobacteria					1095:1108	Actinobacteria	1095:1108	Actinobacteria	1095:1108	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	6	30	contain	have	1118:1121	arg2	fraction					1135:1142	the highest fraction	1123:1142	the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls	1123:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	2	31	theme	prevalent	412:420	arg1	resources					422:430	the prevalent resources	408:430	the prevalent resources	408:430	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	2	32	theme	systems	397:403	arg1	adaptation					363:372	adaptation	363:372	adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources	363:430	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	6	33	theme	genomes	1147:1153	arg1	fraction					1135:1142	the highest fraction	1123:1142	the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls	1123:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	0	34	theme	aquatic	71:77	arg1	bacteria					79:86	terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	55:86	terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	55:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	4	35	theme	modules	799:805	arg1	types					769:773	different types	759:773	different types of carbohydrate binding modules	759:805	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	2	36	theme	chitinolytic	377:388	arg1	systems					397:403	chitinolytic enzyme systems	377:403	chitinolytic enzyme systems	377:403	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	0	37	theme	Genomic	0:6	arg1	comparison					8:17	Genomic comparison	0:17	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	0:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	1	38	theme	degradation	96:106	arg1	ability					108:114	Chitin degradation ability	89:114	Chitin degradation ability	89:114	Chitin degradation ability is known for many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species.
24947206	5	39	theme	modules	1013:1019	arg1	number					929:934	the highest number	917:934	the highest number of chitinase genes	917:953	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	39	theme	modules	1013:1019	arg1	number					1037:1042	the highest number	1025:1042	the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1025:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	39	theme	modules	1013:1019	arg1	diversity					968:976	the highest diversity	956:976	the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules	956:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	3	40	theme	available	454:462	arg1	terrestrial					464:474	publicly available terrestrial	445:474	publicly available terrestrial	445:474	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	0	41	theme	enzyme	35:40	arg1	systems					42:48	chitinolytic enzyme systems	22:48	chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	22:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	7	42	theme	aquatic	1394:1400	arg1	ones					1402:1405	aquatic ones	1394:1405	aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi	1394:1573	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	43	with	interactions	1551:1562	arg1	fungi					1569:1573	fungi	1569:1573	fungi	1569:1573	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	3	44	theme	chitinase-containing	488:507	arg1	genomes					519:525	aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes	480:525	aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes	480:525	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	5	45	theme	CBM33-type	1047:1056	arg1	monooxygenases					1079:1092	CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1047:1092	CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1047:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	7	46	theme	terrestrial	1364:1374	arg1	bacteria					1376:1383	terrestrial bacteria	1364:1383	terrestrial bacteria	1364:1383	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	5	47	theme	polysaccharide	1064:1077	arg1	monooxygenases					1079:1092	CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1047:1092	CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1047:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	3	48	theme	possible	531:538	arg1	differences					540:550	possible differences	531:550	possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems	531:606	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	3	49	from	differences	540:550	arg1	composition					559:569	the composition	555:569	the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems	555:606	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	2	50	theme	terrestrial	294:304	arg1	habitats					333:340	aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats	245:340	aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats	245:340	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	5	51	theme	chitinase	939:947	arg1	genes					949:953	chitinase genes	939:953	chitinase genes	939:953	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	4	52	theme	significant	626:636	arg1	differences					638:648	significant differences	626:648	significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules)	626:806	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	6	53	theme	fungal	1240:1245	arg1	walls					1252:1256	degrading fungal cell walls	1230:1256	degrading fungal cell walls	1230:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	4	54	theme	modular	707:713	arg1	composition					715:725	the modular composition	703:725	the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules)	703:806	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	2	55	theme	cell	321:324	arg1	walls					326:330	fungal cell walls	314:330	mainly fungal cell walls	307:330	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	7	56	theme	important	1516:1524	arg1	production					1445:1454	the combined production	1432:1454	the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases	1432:1504	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	56	theme	important	1516:1524	arg1	strategy					1526:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	3	57	theme	enzyme	593:598	arg1	systems					600:606	their chitinolytic enzyme systems	574:606	their chitinolytic enzyme systems	574:606	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	4	58	theme	bacterial	682:690	arg1	genomes					692:698	terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes	658:698	terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes	658:698	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	2	59	theme	aquatic	245:251	arg1	habitats					333:340	aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats	245:340	aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats	245:340	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	5	60	theme	resources	894:902	arg1	resources					894:902	chitin resources	887:902	chitin resources	887:902	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	60	theme	resources	894:902	arg1	variety					876:882	a wide variety	869:882	a wide variety of chitin resources	869:902	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	7	61	theme	chitinases	1495:1504	arg1	production					1445:1454	the combined production	1432:1454	the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases	1432:1504	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	61	theme	chitinases	1495:1504	arg1	strategy					1526:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	2	62	theme	resources	227:235	arg1	composition					205:215	the composition	201:215	the composition of chitin resources	201:235	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	7	63	theme	cell-wall	1475:1483	arg1	chitinases					1495:1504	cell-wall degrading chitinases	1475:1504	cell-wall degrading chitinases	1475:1504	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	4	64	theme	different	759:767	arg1	types					769:773	different types	759:773	different types of carbohydrate binding modules	759:805	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	1	65	theme	many	129:132	arg1	species					168:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	Chitin degradation ability is known for many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species.
24947206	7	66	theme	antibiotics	1459:1469	arg1	production					1445:1454	the combined production	1432:1454	the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases	1432:1504	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	7	66	theme	antibiotics	1459:1469	arg1	strategy					1526:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	an important strategy	1513:1533	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	5	67	theme	Terrestrial	809:819	arg1	Actinobacteria					821:834	Terrestrial Actinobacteria	809:834	Terrestrial Actinobacteria	809:834	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	7	68	theme	chitinase-containing	1285:1304	arg1	genomes					1306:1312	bacterial chitinase-containing genomes	1275:1312	bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases	1275:1342	The fraction of bacterial chitinase-containing genomes encoding polyketide synthases was much higher for terrestrial bacteria than for aquatic ones supporting the idea that the combined production of antibiotics and cell-wall degrading chitinases can be an important strategy in antagonistic interactions with fungi.
24947206	1	69	theme	bacterial	158:166	arg1	species					168:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species	129:174	Chitin degradation ability is known for many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species.
24947206	0	70	from	comparison	8:17	arg1	bacteria					79:86	terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	55:86	terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	55:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	4	71	from	differences	638:648	arg1	composition					715:725	the modular composition	703:725	the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules)	703:806	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	5	72	contain	have	912:915	arg2	number					1037:1042	the highest number	1025:1042	the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1025:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	72	contain	have	912:915	arg2	number					929:934	the highest number	917:934	the highest number of chitinase genes	917:953	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	72	contain	have	912:915	arg1	they					907:910	they	907:910	they	907:910	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	72	contain	have	912:915	arg2	diversity					968:976	the highest diversity	956:976	the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules	956:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	73	theme	highest	1029:1035	arg1	number					1037:1042	the highest number	1025:1042	the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1025:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	2	74	theme	enzyme	390:395	arg1	systems					397:403	chitinolytic enzyme systems	377:403	chitinolytic enzyme systems	377:403	However, differences in the composition of chitin resources between aquatic (mainly exoskeletons of crustaceans) and terrestrial (mainly fungal cell walls) habitats may have resulted in adaptation of chitinolytic enzyme systems to the prevalent resources.
24947206	1	75	theme	Chitin	89:94	arg1	ability					108:114	Chitin degradation ability	89:114	Chitin degradation ability	89:114	Chitin degradation ability is known for many aquatic and terrestrial bacterial species.
24947206	4	76	theme	binding	791:797	arg1	modules					799:805	carbohydrate binding modules	778:805	carbohydrate binding modules	778:805	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	0	77	theme	chitinolytic	22:33	arg1	systems					42:48	chitinolytic enzyme systems	22:48	chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	22:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	5	78	theme	carbohydrate-binding	992:1011	arg1	modules					1013:1019	associated carbohydrate-binding modules	981:1019	associated carbohydrate-binding modules	981:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	6	79	theme	highest	1127:1133	arg1	fraction					1135:1142	the highest fraction	1123:1142	the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls	1123:1256	Actinobacteria do also have the highest fraction of genomes containing β-1, 3-glucanases, enzymes that may reinforce the potential for degrading fungal cell walls.
24947206	3	80	theme	aquatic	480:486	arg1	genomes					519:525	aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes	480:525	aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes	480:525	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	0	81	theme	systems	42:48	arg1	comparison					8:17	Genomic comparison	0:17	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	0:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	5	82	theme	monooxygenases	1079:1092	arg1	number					929:934	the highest number	917:934	the highest number of chitinase genes	917:953	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	82	theme	monooxygenases	1079:1092	arg1	number					1037:1042	the highest number	1025:1042	the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1025:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	5	82	theme	monooxygenases	1079:1092	arg1	diversity					968:976	the highest diversity	956:976	the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules	956:1019	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	0	83	theme	terrestrial	55:65	arg1	bacteria					79:86	terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	55:86	terrestrial and aquatic bacteria	55:86	Genomic comparison of chitinolytic enzyme systems from terrestrial and aquatic bacteria.
24947206	4	84	theme	terrestrial	658:668	arg1	genomes					692:698	terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes	658:698	terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes	658:698	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
24947206	3	85	theme	bacterial	509:517	arg1	genomes					519:525	aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes	480:525	aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes	480:525	We screened publicly available terrestrial and aquatic chitinase-containing bacterial genomes for possible differences in the composition of their chitinolytic enzyme systems.
24947206	5	86	theme	lytic	1058:1062	arg1	monooxygenases					1079:1092	CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1047:1092	CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases	1047:1092	Terrestrial Actinobacteria appear to be best adapted to use a wide variety of chitin resources as they have the highest number of chitinase genes, the highest diversity of associated carbohydrate-binding modules and the highest number of CBM33-type lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.
24947206	4	87	theme	aquatic	674:680	arg1	genomes					692:698	terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes	658:698	terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes	658:698	The results show significant differences between terrestrial and aquatic bacterial genomes in the modular composition of chitinases (i.e. presence of different types of carbohydrate binding modules).
27391810	5	0	dep	%	906:906	arg1	w/v					909:911	w/v	909:911	w/v	909:911	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	12	1	dep	in	1827:1828	arg1	vitro					1830:1834	vitro	1830:1834	vitro	1830:1834	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	12	2	theme	dynamic	1876:1882	arg1	methods					1892:1898	more dynamic seeding methods	1871:1898	more dynamic seeding methods	1871:1898	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	12	3	dep	static	1819:1824	arg1	in					1827:1828	in	1827:1828	in	1827:1828	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	3	4	theme	biophysical	540:550	arg1	environment					552:562	3D biophysical environment	537:562	3D biophysical environment	537:562	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	8	5	theme	optimized	1264:1272	arg1	protocol					1292:1299	The optimized decellularization protocol	1260:1299	The optimized decellularization protocol	1260:1299	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	8	6	theme	sample	1331:1336	arg1	weight					1342:1347	sample wet weight	1331:1347	sample wet weight	1331:1347	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	7	7	theme	decellularized	1193:1206	arg1	scaffolds					1218:1226	the decellularized cartilage scaffolds	1189:1226	the decellularized cartilage scaffolds	1189:1226	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	11	8	theme	articular	1673:1681	arg1	cartilage					1683:1691	the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage	1639:1691	the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage	1639:1691	ChABC treatment enhances decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage by reducing glycosaminoglycan content.
27391810	3	9	theme	extracellular	578:590	arg1	matrix					592:597	the native extracellular matrix	567:597	the native extracellular matrix	567:597	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	1	10	theme	focal	196:200	arg1	defects					202:208	focal defects	196:208	focal defects	196:208	Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal itself and thus focal defects often result in the development of osteoarthritis.
27391810	6	11	theme	Chondroitinase	955:968	arg1	ChABC					975:979	ChABC	975:979	ChABC	975:979	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	6	11	theme	Chondroitinase	955:968	arg1	ABC					970:972	Chondroitinase ABC	955:972	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC)	955:980	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	10	12	theme	deep	1557:1560	arg1	zone					1562:1565	the cartilage deep zone	1543:1565	the cartilage deep zone	1543:1565	Seeded cells infiltrated up to 100 μm into the cartilage deep zone after 28 days in culture.
27391810	6	13	theme	digest	1025:1030	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					1032:1049	digest glycosaminoglycans	1025:1049	digest glycosaminoglycans	1025:1049	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	7	14	theme	stem	1161:1164	arg1	cells					1166:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	5	15	theme	%	906:906	arg1	sulfate					929:935	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate	903:935	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	5	16	theme	dodecyl	921:927	arg1	sulfate					929:935	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate	903:935	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	8	17	theme	DNA	1323:1325	arg1	%					1311:1311	94%	1309:1311	94% of native DNA	1309:1325	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	8	17	theme	DNA	1323:1325	arg1	DNA					1323:1325	native DNA	1316:1325	native DNA	1316:1325	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	4	18	theme	matrix	786:791	arg1	recellularization					738:754	recellularization	738:754	recellularization	738:754	The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure that can enable decellularization and recellularization of intact articular cartilage matrix.
27391810	4	18	theme	matrix	786:791	arg1	decellularization					716:732	decellularization	716:732	decellularization	716:732	The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure that can enable decellularization and recellularization of intact articular cartilage matrix.
27391810	7	19	theme	synovium-derived	1132:1147	arg1	cells					1166:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	11	20	theme	dense	1654:1658	arg1	cartilage					1683:1691	the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage	1639:1691	the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage	1639:1691	ChABC treatment enhances decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage by reducing glycosaminoglycan content.
27391810	2	21	theme	engineering	286:296	arg1	strategies					298:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	6	22	theme	seeded	1101:1106	arg1	migration					1113:1121	seeded cell migration	1101:1121	seeded cell migration	1101:1121	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	3	23	theme	matrix	592:597	arg1	environment					552:562	3D biophysical environment	537:562	3D biophysical environment	537:562	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	3	23	theme	matrix	592:597	arg1	factors					525:531	the bioactive factors	511:531	the bioactive factors	511:531	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	2	24	theme	cartilage	269:277	arg1	strategies					298:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	12	25	theme	static	1819:1824	arg1	culture					1836:1842	static, in vitro culture	1819:1842	static, in vitro culture	1819:1842	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	10	26	theme	cartilage	1547:1555	arg1	zone					1562:1565	the cartilage deep zone	1543:1565	the cartilage deep zone	1543:1565	Seeded cells infiltrated up to 100 μm into the cartilage deep zone after 28 days in culture.
27391810	4	27	theme	articular	766:774	arg1	matrix					786:791	intact articular cartilage matrix	759:791	intact articular cartilage matrix	759:791	The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure that can enable decellularization and recellularization of intact articular cartilage matrix.
27391810	6	28	theme	donor	1071:1075	arg1	removal					1089:1095	donor chondrocyte removal	1071:1095	donor chondrocyte removal	1071:1095	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	0	29	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Recellularization					87:103	Recellularization	87:103	Recellularization	87:103	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	0	29	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Decellularization					65:81	Decellularization	65:81	Decellularization	65:81	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	0	30	theme	Cartilage	118:126	arg1	Recellularization					87:103	Recellularization	87:103	Recellularization	87:103	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	0	30	theme	Cartilage	118:126	arg1	Decellularization					65:81	Decellularization	65:81	Decellularization	65:81	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	2	31	theme	articular	430:438	arg1	cartilage					440:448	native articular cartilage	423:448	native articular cartilage	423:448	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	10	32	from	days	1576:1579	arg1	culture					1584:1590	culture	1584:1590	culture	1584:1590	Seeded cells infiltrated up to 100 μm into the cartilage deep zone after 28 days in culture.
27391810	5	33	theme	0.1	903:905	arg1	%					906:906	%	906:906	%	906:906	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	0	34	theme	Chondroitinase	11:24	arg1	Digestion					52:60	Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion	11:60	Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion	11:60	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	9	35	theme	detergent	1444:1452	arg1	cycles					1454:1459	the detergent cycles	1440:1459	the detergent cycles	1440:1459	Glycosaminoglycan depletion prior to the detergent cycles increased removal of nuclear material.
27391810	0	36	theme	Proteoglycan	39:50	arg1	Digestion					52:60	Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion	11:60	Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion	11:60	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	5	37	theme	cycles	892:897	arg1	series					870:875	a series	868:875	a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	868:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	3	38	theme	bioactive	515:523	arg1	factors					525:531	the bioactive factors	511:531	the bioactive factors	511:531	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	9	39	theme	material	1490:1497	arg1	removal					1471:1477	removal	1471:1477	removal of nuclear material	1471:1497	Glycosaminoglycan depletion prior to the detergent cycles increased removal of nuclear material.
27391810	5	40	theme	detergent	937:945	arg1	cycles					947:952	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	2	41	theme	unique	387:392	arg1	structure					394:402	unique structure	387:402	unique structure	387:402	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	12	42	theme	seeding	1884:1890	arg1	methods					1892:1898	more dynamic seeding methods	1871:1898	more dynamic seeding methods	1871:1898	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	1	43	contain	has	149:151	arg2	capacity					163:170	a limited capacity	153:170	a limited capacity to heal itself	153:185	Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal itself and thus focal defects often result in the development of osteoarthritis.
27391810	1	43	contain	has	149:151	arg1	cartilage					139:147	Articular cartilage	129:147	Articular cartilage	129:147	Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal itself and thus focal defects often result in the development of osteoarthritis.
27391810	7	44	theme	cartilage	1208:1216	arg1	scaffolds					1218:1226	the decellularized cartilage scaffolds	1189:1226	the decellularized cartilage scaffolds	1189:1226	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	10	45	theme	Seeded	1500:1505	arg1	cells					1507:1511	Seeded cells	1500:1511	Seeded cells	1500:1511	Seeded cells infiltrated up to 100 μm into the cartilage deep zone after 28 days in culture.
27391810	2	46	theme	injured	328:334	arg1	tissue					336:341	injured tissue	328:341	injured tissue	328:341	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	3	47	theme	native	571:576	arg1	matrix					592:597	the native extracellular matrix	567:597	the native extracellular matrix	567:597	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	5	48	theme	sulfate	929:935	arg1	cycles					947:952	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	11	49	theme	cartilage	1683:1691	arg1	decellularization					1618:1634	decellularization	1618:1634	decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage	1618:1691	ChABC treatment enhances decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage by reducing glycosaminoglycan content.
27391810	3	50	theme	immunogenic	626:636	arg1	factors					638:644	potentially immunogenic factors	614:644	potentially immunogenic factors	614:644	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	5	51	theme	cycles	947:952	arg1	series					870:875	a series	868:875	a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	868:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	8	52	theme	decellularization	1274:1290	arg1	protocol					1292:1299	The optimized decellularization protocol	1260:1299	The optimized decellularization protocol	1260:1299	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	12	53	theme	ChABC	1732:1736	arg1	treatment					1738:1746	ChABC treatment	1732:1746	ChABC treatment	1732:1746	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	8	54	theme	wet	1338:1340	arg1	weight					1342:1347	sample wet weight	1331:1347	sample wet weight	1331:1347	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	7	55	theme	mesenchymal	1149:1159	arg1	cells					1166:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	2	56	theme	Current	261:267	arg1	strategies					298:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	5	57	theme	sodium	914:919	arg1	sulfate					929:935	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate	903:935	0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles	903:952	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	8	58	theme	collagen	1356:1363	arg1	content					1365:1371	collagen content	1356:1371	collagen content	1356:1371	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	7	59	theme	Porcine	1124:1130	arg1	cells					1166:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	8	60	theme	native	1316:1321	arg1	DNA					1323:1325	native DNA	1316:1325	native DNA	1316:1325	The optimized decellularization protocol removed 94% of native DNA per sample wet weight, while collagen content and alignment were preserved.
27391810	6	61	theme	detergent	1005:1013	arg1	cycles					1015:1020	the detergent cycles	1001:1020	the detergent cycles	1001:1020	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	4	62	theme	cartilage	776:784	arg1	matrix					786:791	intact articular cartilage matrix	759:791	intact articular cartilage matrix	759:791	The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure that can enable decellularization and recellularization of intact articular cartilage matrix.
27391810	1	63	theme	limited	155:161	arg1	capacity					163:170	a limited capacity	153:170	a limited capacity to heal itself	153:185	Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal itself and thus focal defects often result in the development of osteoarthritis.
27391810	6	64	theme	cell	1108:1111	arg1	migration					1113:1121	seeded cell migration	1101:1121	seeded cell migration	1101:1121	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	2	65	theme	tissue	279:284	arg1	strategies					298:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies	261:307	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	5	66	theme	articular	817:825	arg1	plugs					837:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	0	67	theme	Articular	108:116	arg1	Cartilage					118:126	Articular Cartilage	108:126	Articular Cartilage	108:126	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	6	68	theme	chondrocyte	1077:1087	arg1	removal					1089:1095	donor chondrocyte removal	1071:1095	donor chondrocyte removal	1071:1095	Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) was applied before the detergent cycles to digest glycosaminoglycans in order to enhance donor chondrocyte removal and seeded cell migration.
27391810	4	69	theme	intact	759:764	arg1	matrix					786:791	intact articular cartilage matrix	759:791	intact articular cartilage matrix	759:791	The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure that can enable decellularization and recellularization of intact articular cartilage matrix.
27391810	11	70	theme	ChABC	1593:1597	arg1	treatment					1599:1607	ChABC treatment	1593:1607	ChABC treatment	1593:1607	ChABC treatment enhances decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage by reducing glycosaminoglycan content.
27391810	5	71	theme	porcine	809:815	arg1	plugs					837:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	5	72	theme	cartilage	827:835	arg1	plugs					837:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	9	73	theme	Glycosaminoglycan	1403:1419	arg1	depletion					1421:1429	Glycosaminoglycan depletion	1403:1429	Glycosaminoglycan depletion prior to the detergent cycles	1403:1459	Glycosaminoglycan depletion prior to the detergent cycles increased removal of nuclear material.
27391810	12	74	theme	cell	1773:1776	arg1	migration					1778:1786	cell migration	1773:1786	cell migration	1773:1786	ChABC treatment did not appear to affect cell migration during recellularization under static, in vitro culture, highlighting the need for more dynamic seeding methods.
27391810	2	75	dep	structure	394:402	arg1	the					383:385	the	383:385	the	383:385	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	2	76	theme	native	423:428	arg1	cartilage					440:448	native articular cartilage	423:448	native articular cartilage	423:448	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	7	77	dep	28	1251:1252	arg1	to					1248:1249	to	1248:1249	to	1248:1249	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	3	78	theme	novel	474:478	arg1	strategy					480:487	a novel strategy	472:487	a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors	472:644	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	3	78	theme	novel	474:478	arg1	Decellularization					451:467	Decellularization	451:467	Decellularization	451:467	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	0	79	theme	ABC-Mediated	26:37	arg1	Digestion					52:60	Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion	11:60	Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion	11:60	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	1	80	theme	Articular	129:137	arg1	cartilage					139:147	Articular cartilage	129:147	Articular cartilage	129:147	Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal itself and thus focal defects often result in the development of osteoarthritis.
27391810	0	81	theme	Digestion	52:60	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.	0:127	Effects of Chondroitinase ABC-Mediated Proteoglycan Digestion on Decellularization and Recellularization of Articular Cartilage.
27391810	11	82	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1705:1721	arg1	content					1723:1729	glycosaminoglycan content	1705:1729	glycosaminoglycan content	1705:1729	ChABC treatment enhances decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage by reducing glycosaminoglycan content.
27391810	2	83	theme	cartilage	440:448	arg1	composition					408:418	composition	408:418	composition	408:418	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	2	83	theme	cartilage	440:448	arg1	structure					394:402	unique structure	387:402	unique structure	387:402	Current cartilage tissue engineering strategies seek to regenerate injured tissue by creating scaffolds that aim to mimic the unique structure and composition of native articular cartilage.
27391810	5	84	theme	freeze-thaw	880:890	arg1	cycles					892:897	freeze-thaw cycles	880:897	freeze-thaw cycles	880:897	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	5	85	theme	Full-thickness	794:807	arg1	plugs					837:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs	794:841	Full-thickness porcine articular cartilage plugs were decellularized with a series of freeze-thaw cycles and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent cycles.
27391810	3	86	theme	3D	537:538	arg1	environment					552:562	3D biophysical environment	537:562	3D biophysical environment	537:562	Decellularization is a novel strategy that aims to preserve the bioactive factors and 3D biophysical environment of the native extracellular matrix while removing potentially immunogenic factors.
27391810	9	87	theme	nuclear	1482:1488	arg1	material					1490:1497	nuclear material	1482:1497	nuclear material	1482:1497	Glycosaminoglycan depletion prior to the detergent cycles increased removal of nuclear material.
27391810	4	88	theme	study	667:671	arg1	purpose					651:657	The purpose	647:657	The purpose of this study	647:671	The purpose of this study was to develop a procedure that can enable decellularization and recellularization of intact articular cartilage matrix.
27391810	7	89	link	synovium-derived	1132:1147	arg1	cells					1166:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells	1124:1170	Porcine synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the decellularized cartilage scaffolds and cultured for up to 28 days.
27391810	10	90	dep	100	1531:1533	arg1	to					1528:1529	to	1528:1529	to	1528:1529	Seeded cells infiltrated up to 100 μm into the cartilage deep zone after 28 days in culture.
27391810	1	91	theme	osteoarthritis	245:258	arg1	development					230:240	the development	226:240	the development of osteoarthritis	226:258	Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to heal itself and thus focal defects often result in the development of osteoarthritis.
27391810	11	92	dep	dense	1654:1658	arg1	impermeable					1661:1671	impermeable	1661:1671	impermeable	1661:1671	ChABC treatment enhances decellularization of the relatively dense, impermeable articular cartilage by reducing glycosaminoglycan content.
24024589	8	0	theme	supply	1458:1463	arg1	decomposers					1479:1489	the main decomposers	1470:1489	the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates	1470:1515	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	8	0	theme	supply	1458:1463	arg1	fungi					1414:1418	fungi	1414:1418	fungi	1414:1418	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	6	1	theme	inorganic	1269:1277	arg1	addition					1281:1288	inorganic N addition	1269:1288	inorganic N addition	1269:1288	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	6	2	theme	N	1279:1279	arg1	addition					1281:1288	inorganic N addition	1269:1288	inorganic N addition	1269:1288	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	1	3	theme	relationship	145:156	arg1	evidence					124:131	evidence	124:131	evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties	124:296	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	5	4	dep	summer	1048:1053	arg1	community					1066:1074	community	1066:1074	community	1066:1074	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	5	4	dep	summer	1048:1053	arg1	the					1044:1046	the	1044:1046	the	1044:1046	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	3	5	theme	forest	533:538	arg1	soils					540:544	beech forest soils	527:544	beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	527:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	6	6	dep	girdling	1213:1220	arg1	plots					1234:1238	plots	1234:1238	plots	1234:1238	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	6	7	theme	microbial	1088:1096	arg1	community					1098:1106	The active microbial community	1077:1106	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls)	1077:1184	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	7	8	theme	cellulose	1356:1364	arg1	degradation					1341:1351	fungal degradation	1334:1351	fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls	1334:1385	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	5	9	theme	substrate	1012:1020	arg1	incorporation					1022:1034	absolute substrate incorporation	1003:1034	absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community	1003:1074	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	3	10	theme	different	569:577	arg1	community					637:645	a community	635:645	a community	635:645	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	10	theme	different	569:577	arg1	summer					613:618	summer community, and a community	613:645	summer	613:618	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	10	theme	different	569:577	arg1	winter					602:607	winter	602:607	winter	602:607	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	10	theme	different	569:577	arg1	communities					589:599	three different microbial communities	563:599	three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	563:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	6	11	theme	C	1143:1143	arg1	substrates					1145:1154	complex C substrates	1135:1154	complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls)	1135:1184	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	0	12	theme	N	91:91	arg1	availability					93:104	N availability	91:104	N availability	91:104	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates depends on substrate complexity and N availability.
24024589	3	13	theme	microbial	579:587	arg1	community					637:645	a community	635:645	a community	635:645	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	13	theme	microbial	579:587	arg1	summer					613:618	summer community, and a community	613:645	summer	613:618	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	13	theme	microbial	579:587	arg1	winter					602:607	winter	602:607	winter	602:607	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	13	theme	microbial	579:587	arg1	communities					589:599	three different microbial communities	563:599	three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	563:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	2	14	from	differences	346:356	arg1	utilization					379:389	initial substrate utilization	361:389	initial substrate utilization	361:389	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	2	15	theme	initial	361:367	arg1	utilization					379:389	initial substrate utilization	361:389	initial substrate utilization	361:389	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	1	16	theme	functional	276:285	arg1	properties					287:296	their functional properties	270:296	their functional properties	270:296	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	6	17	theme	complex	1135:1141	arg1	substrates					1145:1154	complex C substrates	1135:1154	complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls)	1135:1184	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	3	18	theme	short-term	500:509	arg1	experiment					511:520	a short-term experiment	498:520	a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	498:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	4	19	theme	microbial	792:800	arg1	utilization					812:822	microbial substrate utilization	792:822	microbial substrate utilization	792:822	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	5	20	from	differences	988:998	arg1	incorporation					1022:1034	absolute substrate incorporation	1003:1034	absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community	1003:1074	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	1	21	theme	microbial	166:174	arg1	composition					186:196	microbial community composition	166:196	microbial community composition	166:196	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	2	22	theme	groups	477:482	arg1	activities					445:454	the activities	441:454	the activities of certain microbial groups	441:482	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	8	23	theme	polymeric	1494:1502	arg1	substrates					1506:1515	polymeric C substrates	1494:1515	polymeric C substrates	1494:1515	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	4	24	theme	acid	853:856	arg1	analysis					865:872	(13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis	827:872	(13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis	827:872	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	6	25	theme	substrates	1145:1154	arg1	degradation					1120:1130	degradation	1120:1130	degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls)	1120:1184	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	0	26	theme	Fungal	0:5	arg1	utilization					21:31	Fungal and bacterial utilization	0:31	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates	0:53	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates depends on substrate complexity and N availability.
24024589	5	27	from	communities	967:977	arg1	fate					905:908	the fate	901:908	the fate of labile C (glucose)	901:930	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	5	27	from	communities	967:977	arg1	similar					936:942	similar	936:942	similar	936:942	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	1	28	theme	community	176:184	arg1	composition					186:196	microbial community composition	166:196	microbial community composition	166:196	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	2	29	theme	microbial	467:475	arg1	groups					477:482	certain microbial groups	459:482	certain microbial groups	459:482	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	3	30	with	experiment	511:520	arg1	soils					540:544	beech forest soils	527:544	beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	527:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	6	31	theme	active	1081:1086	arg1	community					1098:1106	The active microbial community	1077:1106	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls)	1077:1184	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	2	32	theme	distinct	399:406	arg1	communities					418:428	distinct microbial communities	399:428	distinct microbial communities	399:428	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	2	33	theme	certain	459:465	arg1	groups					477:482	certain microbial groups	459:482	certain microbial groups	459:482	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	8	34	theme	substrates	1506:1515	arg1	decomposers					1479:1489	the main decomposers	1470:1489	the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates	1470:1515	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	8	34	theme	substrates	1506:1515	arg1	fungi					1414:1418	fungi	1414:1418	fungi	1414:1418	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	8	35	theme	high	1451:1454	arg1	supply					1458:1463	a high N supply	1449:1463	a high N supply	1449:1463	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	2	36	theme	study	315:319	arg1	aim					303:305	The aim	299:305	The aim of this study	299:319	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	8	37	theme	C	1504:1504	arg1	substrates					1506:1515	polymeric C substrates	1494:1515	polymeric C substrates	1494:1515	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	7	38	theme	plant	1370:1374	arg1	walls					1381:1385	plant cell walls	1370:1385	plant cell walls	1370:1385	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	4	39	theme	N	768:768	arg1	addition					770:777	inorganic N addition	758:777	inorganic N addition	758:777	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	0	40	theme	bacterial	11:19	arg1	utilization					21:31	Fungal and bacterial utilization	0:31	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates	0:53	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates depends on substrate complexity and N availability.
24024589	8	41	theme	main	1474:1477	arg1	decomposers					1479:1489	the main decomposers	1470:1489	the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates	1470:1515	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	8	41	theme	main	1474:1477	arg1	fungi					1414:1418	fungi	1414:1418	fungi	1414:1418	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	6	42	theme	plant	1168:1172	arg1	cellulose					1157:1165	cellulose	1157:1165	cellulose	1157:1165	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	6	42	theme	plant	1168:1172	arg1	walls					1179:1183	plant cell walls	1168:1183	plant cell walls	1168:1183	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	4	43	theme	inorganic	758:766	arg1	addition					770:777	inorganic N addition	758:777	inorganic N addition	758:777	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	4	44	theme	different	705:713	arg1	substrates					731:740	different (13) C-labelled substrates	705:740	different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition	705:777	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	0	45	theme	organic	36:42	arg1	substrates					44:53	organic substrates	36:53	organic substrates	36:53	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates depends on substrate complexity and N availability.
24024589	7	46	theme	cell	1376:1379	arg1	walls					1381:1385	plant cell walls	1370:1385	plant cell walls	1370:1385	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	6	47	dep	substrates	1145:1154	arg1	cellulose					1157:1165	cellulose	1157:1165	cellulose	1157:1165	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	6	47	dep	substrates	1145:1154	arg1	walls					1179:1183	plant cell walls	1168:1183	plant cell walls	1168:1183	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	3	48	theme	tree-girdling	654:666	arg1	plot					668:671	a tree-girdling plot	652:671	a tree-girdling plot	652:671	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	5	49	theme	absolute	1003:1010	arg1	incorporation					1022:1034	absolute substrate incorporation	1003:1034	absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community	1003:1074	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	3	50	theme	beech	527:531	arg1	soils					540:544	beech forest soils	527:544	beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	527:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	4	51	theme	fatty	847:851	arg1	PLFA					859:862	PLFA	859:862	PLFA	859:862	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	4	51	theme	fatty	847:851	arg1	acid					853:856	(13) C-phospholipid fatty acid	827:856	(13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis	827:872	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	4	52	theme	C-labelled	720:729	arg1	substrates					731:740	different (13) C-labelled substrates	705:740	different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition	705:777	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	0	53	theme	substrates	44:53	arg1	utilization					21:31	Fungal and bacterial utilization	0:31	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates	0:53	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates depends on substrate complexity and N availability.
24024589	6	54	theme	cell	1174:1177	arg1	cellulose					1157:1165	cellulose	1157:1165	cellulose	1157:1165	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	6	54	theme	cell	1174:1177	arg1	walls					1179:1183	plant cell walls	1168:1183	plant cell walls	1168:1183	The active microbial community involved in degradation of complex C substrates (cellulose, plant cell walls), however, differed between girdling and control plots and was strongly affected by inorganic N addition.
24024589	4	55	dep	C-phospholipid	832:845	arg1	13					828:829	13	828:829	13	828:829	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	4	56	theme	C-phospholipid	832:845	arg1	PLFA					859:862	PLFA	859:862	PLFA	859:862	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	4	56	theme	C-phospholipid	832:845	arg1	acid					853:856	(13) C-phospholipid fatty acid	827:856	(13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis	827:872	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	5	57	theme	labile	913:918	arg1	glucose					923:929	glucose	923:929	glucose	923:929	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	5	57	theme	labile	913:918	arg1	C					920:920	labile C	913:920	labile C (glucose)	913:930	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	8	58	dep	supply	1458:1463	arg1	the					1433:1435	the	1433:1435	the	1433:1435	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	8	58	dep	supply	1458:1463	arg1	presence					1437:1444	presence	1437:1444	presence	1437:1444	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	7	59	theme	walls	1381:1385	arg1	degradation					1341:1351	fungal degradation	1334:1351	fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls	1334:1385	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	5	60	theme	C	920:920	arg1	similar					936:942	similar	936:942	similar	936:942	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	5	60	theme	C	920:920	arg1	fate					905:908	the fate	901:908	the fate of labile C (glucose)	901:930	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	5	61	from	similar	936:942	arg1	communities					967:977	the three microbial communities	947:977	the three microbial communities	947:977	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	5	62	theme	microbial	957:965	arg1	communities					967:977	the three microbial communities	947:977	the three microbial communities	947:977	Our results revealed that the fate of labile C (glucose) was similar in the three microbial communities, despite differences in absolute substrate incorporation between the summer and winter community.
24024589	8	63	theme	N	1456:1456	arg1	supply					1458:1463	a high N supply	1449:1463	a high N supply	1449:1463	Our results indicate that fungi, at least in the presence of a high N supply, are the main decomposers of polymeric C substrates.
24024589	4	64	theme	substrate	802:810	arg1	utilization					812:822	microbial substrate utilization	792:822	microbial substrate utilization	792:822	We incubated these soils with different (13) C-labelled substrates with or without inorganic N addition and analyzed microbial substrate utilization by (13) C-phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
24024589	1	65	theme	direct	138:143	arg1	relationship					145:156	a direct relationship	136:156	a direct relationship	136:156	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	7	66	theme	N	1300:1300	arg1	availability					1302:1313	Enhanced N availability	1291:1313	Enhanced N availability	1291:1313	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	1	67	theme	distinct	231:238	arg1	communities					250:260	distinct microbial communities	231:260	distinct microbial communities	231:260	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	0	68	theme	substrate	66:74	arg1	complexity					76:85	substrate complexity	66:85	substrate complexity	66:85	Fungal and bacterial utilization of organic substrates depends on substrate complexity and N availability.
24024589	7	69	theme	Enhanced	1291:1298	arg1	availability					1302:1313	Enhanced N availability	1291:1313	Enhanced N availability	1291:1313	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	7	70	theme	fungal	1334:1339	arg1	degradation					1341:1351	fungal degradation	1334:1351	fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls	1334:1385	Enhanced N availability strongly increased fungal degradation of cellulose and plant cell walls.
24024589	3	71	dep	communities	589:599	arg1	summer					613:618	summer community, and a community	613:645	summer	613:618	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	71	dep	communities	589:599	arg1	winter					602:607	winter	602:607	winter	602:607	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	71	dep	communities	589:599	arg1	communities					589:599	three different microbial communities	563:599	three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	563:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	2	72	theme	microbial	408:416	arg1	communities					418:428	distinct microbial communities	399:428	distinct microbial communities	399:428	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	1	73	theme	microbial	240:248	arg1	communities					250:260	distinct microbial communities	231:260	distinct microbial communities	231:260	There is growing evidence of a direct relationship between microbial community composition and function, which implies that distinct microbial communities vary in their functional properties.
24024589	2	74	theme	substrate	369:377	arg1	utilization					379:389	initial substrate utilization	361:389	initial substrate utilization	361:389	The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in initial substrate utilization between distinct microbial communities are due to the activities of certain microbial groups.
24024589	3	75	from	plot	668:671	arg1	community					637:645	a community	635:645	a community	635:645	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	75	from	plot	668:671	arg1	summer					613:618	summer community, and a community	613:645	summer	613:618	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	75	from	plot	668:671	arg1	winter					602:607	winter	602:607	winter	602:607	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
24024589	3	75	from	plot	668:671	arg1	communities					589:599	three different microbial communities	563:599	three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot)	563:672	We performed a short-term experiment with beech forest soils characterized by three different microbial communities (winter and summer community, and a community from a tree-girdling plot).
26990324	12	0	from	onset	1565:1569	arg1	integrity					1608:1616	VL muscle integrity	1598:1616	VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1598:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	10	1	theme	DIO-P	1186:1190	arg1	rats					1202:1205	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1186:1205	rats	1202:1205	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	8	2	theme	DIO-R	995:999	arg1	p < 0.05					1016:1023	p < 0.05	1016:1023	p < 0.05	1016:1023	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	8	2	theme	DIO-R	995:999	arg1	rats					1010:1013	DIO-R and chow rats	995:1013	DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05)	995:1024	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	6	3	theme	VL	744:745	arg1	muscles					747:753	VL muscles	744:753	VL muscles	744:753	At sacrifice, body composition was determined and VL muscles were collected.
26990324	13	4	theme	resistance	1753:1762	arg1	effect					1735:1740	a protective effect	1722:1740	a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation	1722:1784	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	8	5	theme	chow	1005:1008	arg1	p < 0.05					1016:1023	p < 0.05	1016:1023	p < 0.05	1016:1023	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	8	5	theme	chow	1005:1008	arg1	rats					1010:1013	DIO-R and chow rats	995:1013	DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05)	995:1024	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	12	6	theme	MAFbx/atrogin-1	1537:1551	arg1	down-regulation					1518:1532	The down-regulation	1514:1532	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1	1514:1551	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	10	7	theme	DIO-R	1196:1200	arg1	rats					1202:1205	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1186:1205	rats	1202:1205	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	2	8	theme	vastus	275:280	arg1	muscle					297:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	9	9	theme	similar	1052:1058	arg1	losses					1060:1065	similar losses	1052:1065	similar losses in muscle mass	1052:1080	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	7	10	theme	molecular	860:868	arg1	markers					870:876	relevant molecular markers	851:876	relevant molecular markers	851:876	Intramuscular fat, fibrosis, and CD68+ cells were quantified histologically and relevant molecular markers were evaluated using RT-qPCR.
26990324	4	11	theme	change	596:601	arg1	%					584:584	top 33%	578:584	top 33% of weight change	578:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	11	theme	change	596:601	arg1	change					596:601	weight change	589:601	weight change	589:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	11	theme	change	596:601	arg1	DIO-P					571:575	DIO-P	571:575	DIO-P	571:575	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	13	12	from	effect	1735:1740	arg1	inflammation					1773:1784	local inflammation	1767:1784	local inflammation	1767:1784	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	12	13	from	integrity	1608:1616	arg1	onset					1565:1569	onset	1565:1569	onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1565:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	13	14	theme	DIO-P	1696:1700	arg1	animals					1702:1708	DIO-P animals	1696:1708	DIO-P animals	1696:1708	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	4	15	dep	resistant	607:615	arg1	DIO-R					618:622	DIO-R	618:622	DIO-R	618:622	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	15	dep	resistant	607:615	arg1	%					634:634	bottom 33%	625:634	bottom 33%	625:634	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	3	16	theme	Sprague-Dawley	419:432	arg1	rats					434:437	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	414:437	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	414:437	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	11	17	theme	intramuscular	1495:1507	arg1	fat					1509:1511	intramuscular fat	1495:1511	intramuscular fat	1495:1511	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	0	18	theme	inflammatory	59:70	arg1	alterations					72:82	dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations	36:82	dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle	36:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	9	19	from	losses	1060:1065	arg1	mass					1077:1080	muscle mass	1070:1080	muscle mass	1070:1080	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	13	20	theme	inflammatory	1663:1674	arg1	changes					1676:1682	fewer inflammatory changes	1657:1682	fewer inflammatory changes	1657:1682	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	0	21	theme	rat	91:93	arg1	muscle					112:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	2	22	theme	adaptation	373:382	arg1	16-weeks					403:410	additional 16-weeks	392:410	additional 16-weeks	392:410	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	22	theme	adaptation	373:382	arg1	period					384:389	a subsequent adaptation period	360:389	a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	360:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	13	23	theme	DIO-R	1633:1637	arg1	animals					1639:1645	DIO-R animals	1633:1645	DIO-R animals	1633:1645	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	0	24	theme	lateralis	102:110	arg1	muscle					112:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	9	25	theme	chow	1116:1119	arg1	p < 0.05					1127:1134	p < 0.05	1127:1134	p < 0.05	1127:1134	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	9	25	theme	chow	1116:1119	arg1	rats					1121:1124	chow rats	1116:1124	chow rats (p < 0.05)	1116:1135	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	1	26	from	influence	124:132	arg1	integrity					155:163	muscle integrity	148:163	muscle integrity	148:163	The influence of obesity on muscle integrity is not well understood.
26990324	10	27	theme	chow	1239:1242	arg1	p < 0.05					1250:1257	p < 0.05	1250:1257	p < 0.05	1250:1257	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	10	27	theme	chow	1239:1242	arg1	rats					1244:1247	chow rats	1239:1247	chow rats (p < 0.05)	1239:1258	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	2	28	theme	induction	339:347	arg1	period					349:354	a 12-week obesity induction period	321:354	a 12-week obesity induction period	321:354	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	0	29	theme	High-fat	0:7	arg1	diet					22:25	High-fat high-sucrose diet	0:25	High-fat high-sucrose diet	0:25	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	2	30	theme	additional	392:401	arg1	16-weeks					403:410	additional 16-weeks	392:410	additional 16-weeks	392:410	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	30	theme	additional	392:401	arg1	period					384:389	a subsequent adaptation period	360:389	a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	360:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	31	theme	period	384:389	arg1	changes					256:262	structural and molecular changes	231:262	structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	231:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	31	theme	period	384:389	arg1	function					309:316	a function	307:316	a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	307:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	8	32	theme	28-weeks	919:926	arg1	induction					941:949	28-weeks post-obesity induction	919:949	28-weeks post-obesity induction	919:949	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	6	33	theme	body	708:711	arg1	composition					713:723	body composition	708:723	body composition	708:723	At sacrifice, body composition was determined and VL muscles were collected.
26990324	2	34	theme	subsequent	362:371	arg1	16-weeks					403:410	additional 16-weeks	392:410	additional 16-weeks	392:410	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	34	theme	subsequent	362:371	arg1	period					384:389	a subsequent adaptation period	360:389	a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	360:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	8	35	contain	had	963:965	arg1	rats					958:961	DIO-P rats	952:961	DIO-P rats	952:961	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	8	35	contain	had	963:965	arg2	fat					986:988	body fat	981:988	body fat	981:988	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	8	35	contain	had	963:965	arg2	mass					972:975	mass	972:975	mass	972:975	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	0	36	theme	structural	44:53	arg1	alterations					72:82	dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations	36:82	dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle	36:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	11	37	dep	DIO-R	1438:1442	arg1	animals					1453:1459	animals	1453:1459	animals	1453:1459	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	8	38	theme	DIO-P	952:956	arg1	rats					958:961	DIO-P rats	952:961	DIO-P rats	952:961	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	12	39	theme	muscle	1601:1606	arg1	integrity					1608:1616	VL muscle integrity	1598:1616	VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1598:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	11	40	theme	mRNA	1349:1352	arg1	levels					1354:1359	increased mRNA levels	1339:1359	increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis	1339:1424	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	12	41	theme	obese	1621:1625	arg1	rats					1627:1630	obese rats	1621:1630	obese rats	1621:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	12	42	from	changes	1587:1593	arg1	integrity					1608:1616	VL muscle integrity	1598:1616	VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1598:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	11	43	theme	similar	1477:1483	arg1	levels					1485:1490	similar levels	1477:1490	similar levels of intramuscular fat	1477:1511	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	11	44	theme	inflammatory	1393:1404	arg1	cells					1406:1410	inflammatory cells	1393:1410	inflammatory cells	1393:1410	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	3	45	theme	DIO	474:476	arg1	diet					487:490	high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet	460:490	diet	487:490	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	3	45	theme	DIO	474:476	arg1	high-fat					450:457	a high-fat	448:457	a high-fat	448:457	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	4	46	dep	prone	564:568	arg1	%					584:584	top 33%	578:584	top 33% of weight change	578:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	46	dep	prone	564:568	arg1	change					596:601	weight change	589:601	weight change	589:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	46	dep	prone	564:568	arg1	DIO-P					571:575	DIO-P	571:575	DIO-P	571:575	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	12	47	theme	degenerative	1574:1585	arg1	changes					1587:1593	degenerative changes	1574:1593	degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1574:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	9	48	dep	had	1048:1050	arg1	greater					1094:1100	greater	1094:1100	greater	1094:1100	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	10	49	theme	mRNA	1138:1141	arg1	levels					1143:1148	mRNA levels	1138:1148	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1	1138:1168	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	3	50	theme	high-sucrose	460:471	arg1	diet					487:490	high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet	460:490	diet	487:490	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	3	50	theme	high-sucrose	460:471	arg1	high-fat					450:457	a high-fat	448:457	a high-fat	448:457	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	8	51	theme	body	981:984	arg1	fat					986:988	body fat	981:988	body fat	981:988	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	13	52	theme	obesity	1745:1751	arg1	resistance					1753:1762	obesity resistance	1745:1762	obesity resistance	1745:1762	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	2	53	theme	rat	271:273	arg1	muscle					297:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	3	54	theme	chow	498:501	arg1	n = 14					517:522	n = 14	517:522	n = 14	517:522	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	3	54	theme	chow	498:501	arg1	control-diet					503:514	a chow control-diet	496:514	a chow control-diet (n = 14)	496:523	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	9	55	theme	DIO-P	1027:1031	arg1	rats					1043:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1027:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1027:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	2	56	theme	VL	293:294	arg1	muscle					297:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	13	57	theme	protective	1724:1733	arg1	effect					1735:1740	a protective effect	1722:1740	a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation	1722:1784	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	9	58	theme	DIO-R	1037:1041	arg1	rats					1043:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1027:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1027:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	2	59	theme	lateralis	282:290	arg1	muscle					297:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	0	60	from	alterations	72:82	arg1	muscle					112:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	2	61	theme	study	209:213	arg1	purpose					193:199	The purpose	189:199	The purpose of this study	189:213	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	4	62	theme	weight	589:594	arg1	change					596:601	weight change	589:601	weight change	589:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	11	63	theme	DIO-P	1315:1319	arg1	rats					1321:1324	DIO-P rats	1315:1324	DIO-P rats	1315:1324	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	9	64	theme	muscle	1070:1075	arg1	mass					1077:1080	muscle mass	1070:1080	muscle mass	1070:1080	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	2	65	theme	molecular	246:254	arg1	changes					256:262	structural and molecular changes	231:262	structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	231:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	65	theme	molecular	246:254	arg1	function					309:316	a function	307:316	a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	307:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	7	66	theme	relevant	851:858	arg1	markers					870:876	relevant molecular markers	851:876	relevant molecular markers	851:876	Intramuscular fat, fibrosis, and CD68+ cells were quantified histologically and relevant molecular markers were evaluated using RT-qPCR.
26990324	3	67	dep	diet	487:490	arg1	n = 40					479:484	high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet	460:490	n = 40	479:484	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	2	68	from	changes	256:262	arg1	muscle					297:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	267:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	9	69	contain	had	1048:1050	arg1	rats					1043:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1027:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats	1027:1046	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	9	69	contain	had	1048:1050	arg2	losses					1060:1065	similar losses	1052:1065	similar losses in muscle mass	1052:1080	DIO-P and DIO-R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	2	70	theme	structural	231:240	arg1	changes					256:262	structural and molecular changes	231:262	structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	231:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	70	theme	structural	231:240	arg1	function					309:316	a function	307:316	a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	307:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	1	71	theme	obesity	137:143	arg1	influence					124:132	The influence	120:132	The influence of obesity on muscle integrity	120:163	The influence of obesity on muscle integrity is not well understood.
26990324	4	72	theme	top	578:580	arg1	%					584:584	top 33%	578:584	top 33% of weight change	578:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	72	theme	top	578:580	arg1	change					596:601	weight change	589:601	weight change	589:601	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	72	theme	top	578:580	arg1	DIO-P					571:575	DIO-P	571:575	DIO-P	571:575	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	13	73	theme	fewer	1657:1661	arg1	changes					1676:1682	fewer inflammatory changes	1657:1682	fewer inflammatory changes	1657:1682	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	11	74	theme	fat	1509:1511	arg1	levels					1485:1490	similar levels	1477:1490	similar levels of intramuscular fat	1477:1511	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	1	75	theme	muscle	148:153	arg1	integrity					155:163	muscle integrity	148:163	muscle integrity	148:163	The influence of obesity on muscle integrity is not well understood.
26990324	0	76	theme	vastus	95:100	arg1	muscle					112:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	the rat vastus lateralis muscle	87:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	7	77	theme	CD68+	804:808	arg1	cells					810:814	CD68+ cells	804:814	CD68+ cells	804:814	Intramuscular fat, fibrosis, and CD68+ cells were quantified histologically and relevant molecular markers were evaluated using RT-qPCR.
26990324	4	78	theme	bottom	625:630	arg1	DIO-R					618:622	DIO-R	618:622	DIO-R	618:622	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	78	theme	bottom	625:630	arg1	%					634:634	bottom 33%	625:634	bottom 33%	625:634	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	14	79	theme	Orthopaedic	1794:1804	arg1	Research					1806:1813	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research	1787:1813	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.	1787:1822	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.
26990324	2	80	theme	period	349:354	arg1	changes					256:262	structural and molecular changes	231:262	structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle	231:302	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	2	80	theme	period	349:354	arg1	function					309:316	a function	307:316	a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks)	307:411	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	0	81	theme	high-sucrose	9:20	arg1	diet					22:25	High-fat high-sucrose diet	0:25	High-fat high-sucrose diet	0:25	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	14	82	theme	©	1787:1787	arg1	Research					1806:1813	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research	1787:1813	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.	1787:1822	© 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society.
26990324	2	83	theme	obesity	331:337	arg1	period					349:354	a 12-week obesity induction period	321:354	a 12-week obesity induction period	321:354	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	8	84	theme	post-obesity	928:939	arg1	induction					941:949	28-weeks post-obesity induction	919:949	28-weeks post-obesity induction	919:949	At 12- and 28-weeks post-obesity induction, DIO-P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO-R and chow rats (p < 0.05).
26990324	7	85	theme	Intramuscular	771:783	arg1	fat					785:787	Intramuscular fat	771:787	Intramuscular fat	771:787	Intramuscular fat, fibrosis, and CD68+ cells were quantified histologically and relevant molecular markers were evaluated using RT-qPCR.
26990324	2	86	theme	12-week	323:329	arg1	period					349:354	a 12-week obesity induction period	321:354	a 12-week obesity induction period	321:354	The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12-week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16-weeks).
26990324	0	87	theme	dynamic	36:42	arg1	alterations					72:82	dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations	36:82	dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle	36:117	High-fat high-sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle.
26990324	3	88	theme	Male	414:417	arg1	rats					434:437	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	414:437	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	414:437	Male Sprague-Dawley rats consumed a high-fat, high-sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control-diet (n = 14).
26990324	12	89	theme	changes	1587:1593	arg1	onset					1565:1569	onset	1565:1569	onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1565:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	10	90	theme	MuRF1	1281:1285	arg1	expression					1267:1276	expression	1267:1276	expression of MuRF1	1267:1285	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	11	91	theme	increased	1339:1347	arg1	levels					1354:1359	increased mRNA levels	1339:1359	increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis	1339:1424	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
26990324	12	92	theme	rats	1627:1630	arg1	integrity					1608:1616	VL muscle integrity	1598:1616	VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1598:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	12	93	theme	VL	1598:1599	arg1	integrity					1608:1616	VL muscle integrity	1598:1616	VL muscle integrity of obese rats	1598:1630	The down-regulation of MAFbx/atrogin-1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats.
26990324	13	94	theme	local	1767:1771	arg1	inflammation					1773:1784	local inflammation	1767:1784	local inflammation	1767:1784	DIO-R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO-P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation.
26990324	4	95	theme	DIO	539:541	arg1	rats					543:546	DIO rats	539:546	DIO rats	539:546	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	95	theme	DIO	539:541	arg1	resistant					607:615	resistant	607:615	resistant	607:615	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	4	95	theme	DIO	539:541	arg1	prone					564:568	prone	564:568	prone	564:568	At 12-weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO-P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO-R, bottom 33%).
26990324	10	96	theme	chow	1302:1305	arg1	values					1307:1312	chow values	1302:1312	chow values	1302:1312	mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin-1 were reduced in DIO-P and DIO-R rats at 12- and 28-weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values.
26990324	11	97	theme	pro-inflammatory	1365:1380	arg1	mediators					1382:1390	pro-inflammatory mediators	1365:1390	pro-inflammatory mediators	1365:1390	DIO-P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro-inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO-R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat.
28887453	0	0	theme	NMDA	93:96	arg1	receptors					98:106	NMDA receptors	93:106	NMDA receptors	93:106	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	2	1	theme	receptors	484:492	arg1	subtype					452:458	N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype	431:458	N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity	431:532	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	7	2	theme	increased	1156:1164	arg1	expression					1166:1175	increased expression	1156:1175	increased expression of GluN2B	1156:1185	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	4	3	theme	Experimental	714:725	arg1	removal					727:733	Experimental removal	714:733	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase	714:760	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase induced an increase in surface expression of GluN2B.
28887453	2	4	theme	glutamate	474:482	arg1	NMDARs					495:500	NMDARs	495:500	NMDARs	495:500	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	4	theme	glutamate	474:482	arg1	receptors					484:492	ionotropic glutamate receptors	463:492	ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity	463:532	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	3	5	theme	neuronal	695:702	arg1	cultures					704:711	dissociated neuronal cultures	683:711	dissociated neuronal cultures	683:711	Here we tested the hypothesis that ECM influences the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures.
28887453	1	6	theme	high	163:166	arg1	degree					168:173	a high degree	161:173	a high degree	161:173	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	2	7	theme	synaptic	514:521	arg1	plasticity					523:532	synaptic plasticity	514:532	synaptic plasticity	514:532	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	4	8	theme	surface	785:791	arg1	expression					793:802	surface expression	785:802	surface expression of GluN2B	785:812	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase induced an increase in surface expression of GluN2B.
28887453	2	9	theme	plasticity	286:295	arg1	decline					275:281	the decline	271:281	the decline of plasticity	271:295	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	10	theme	extracellular	326:338	arg1	ECM					348:350	ECM	348:350	ECM	348:350	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	10	theme	extracellular	326:338	arg1	matrix					340:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix	300:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit	300:412	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	5	11	theme	GluNB-containing	864:879	arg1	receptors					881:889	surface GluNB-containing receptors	856:889	surface GluNB-containing receptors	856:889	This was due to decreased endocytosis of surface GluNB-containing receptors.
28887453	7	12	theme	synaptic	1127:1134	arg1	plasticity					1136:1145	normal adult synaptic plasticity	1114:1145	normal adult synaptic plasticity	1114:1145	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	5	13	theme	surface	856:862	arg1	receptors					881:889	surface GluNB-containing receptors	856:889	surface GluNB-containing receptors	856:889	This was due to decreased endocytosis of surface GluNB-containing receptors.
28887453	0	14	theme	surface	53:59	arg1	expression					61:70	surface expression	53:70	surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors	53:106	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	2	15	dep	formed	417:422	arg1	Coincident					255:264	Coincident	255:264	Coincident	255:264	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	15	dep	formed	417:422	arg1	1					297:297	1	297:297	1	297:297	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	4	16	from	increase	773:780	arg1	expression					793:802	surface expression	785:802	surface expression of GluN2B	785:812	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase induced an increase in surface expression of GluN2B.
28887453	7	17	theme	ECM	1235:1237	arg1	removal					1239:1245	ECM removal	1235:1245	ECM removal	1235:1245	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	0	18	theme	acid	11:14	arg1	matrix					36:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	7	19	theme	normal	1114:1119	arg1	plasticity					1136:1145	normal adult synaptic plasticity	1114:1145	normal adult synaptic plasticity	1114:1145	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	6	20	from	Tyr1472	943:949	arg1	phosphorylation					924:938	phosphorylation	924:938	phosphorylation at Tyr1472	924:949	We further found a reduction in phosphorylation at Tyr1472, which negatively regulates their binding to the endocytotic AP2 complex.
28887453	6	20	from	Tyr1472	943:949	arg1	reduction					911:919	a reduction	909:919	a reduction	909:919	We further found a reduction in phosphorylation at Tyr1472, which negatively regulates their binding to the endocytotic AP2 complex.
28887453	2	21	theme	acid-based	315:324	arg1	ECM					348:350	ECM	348:350	ECM	348:350	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	21	theme	acid-based	315:324	arg1	matrix					340:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix	300:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit	300:412	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	1	22	theme	structural	178:187	arg1	plasticity					204:213	structural and functional plasticity	178:213	structural and functional plasticity	178:213	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	0	23	theme	Hyaluronic	0:9	arg1	matrix					36:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	6	24	theme	AP2	1012:1014	arg1	complex					1016:1022	the endocytotic AP2 complex	996:1022	the endocytotic AP2 complex	996:1022	We further found a reduction in phosphorylation at Tyr1472, which negatively regulates their binding to the endocytotic AP2 complex.
28887453	4	25	theme	ECM	738:740	arg1	removal					727:733	Experimental removal	714:733	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase	714:760	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase induced an increase in surface expression of GluN2B.
28887453	2	26	theme	hyaluronic	304:313	arg1	ECM					348:350	ECM	348:350	ECM	348:350	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	26	theme	hyaluronic	304:313	arg1	matrix					340:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix	300:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit	300:412	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	0	27	theme	extracellular	22:34	arg1	matrix					36:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	6	28	theme	endocytotic	1000:1010	arg1	complex					1016:1022	the endocytotic AP2 complex	996:1022	the endocytotic AP2 complex	996:1022	We further found a reduction in phosphorylation at Tyr1472, which negatively regulates their binding to the endocytotic AP2 complex.
28887453	7	29	theme	necessary	1100:1108	arg1	composition					1088:1098	NMDAR composition	1082:1098	NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity	1082:1145	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	1	30	theme	Cortical	109:116	arg1	areas					118:122	Cortical areas	109:122	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain	109:151	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	1	31	theme	functional	193:202	arg1	plasticity					204:213	structural and functional plasticity	178:213	structural and functional plasticity	178:213	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	0	32	theme	based	16:20	arg1	matrix					36:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix	0:41	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	1	33	theme	plasticity	204:213	arg1	degree					168:173	a high degree	161:173	a high degree	161:173	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	2	34	theme	ionotropic	463:472	arg1	NMDARs					495:500	NMDARs	495:500	NMDARs	495:500	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	34	theme	ionotropic	463:472	arg1	receptors					484:492	ionotropic glutamate receptors	463:492	ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity	463:532	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	7	35	theme	NMDAR	1082:1086	arg1	composition					1088:1098	NMDAR composition	1082:1098	NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity	1082:1145	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	3	36	theme	NMDAR	654:658	arg1	composition					668:678	the NMDAR subunit composition	650:678	the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures	650:711	Here we tested the hypothesis that ECM influences the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures.
28887453	2	37	theme	neuronal	397:404	arg1	circuit					406:412	neuronal circuit	397:412	neuronal circuit	397:412	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	38	with	Coincident	255:264	arg1	decline					275:281	the decline	271:281	the decline of plasticity	271:295	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	5	39	theme	decreased	831:839	arg1	endocytosis					841:851	decreased endocytosis	831:851	decreased endocytosis of surface GluNB-containing receptors	831:889	This was due to decreased endocytosis of surface GluNB-containing receptors.
28887453	5	40	theme	receptors	881:889	arg1	endocytosis					841:851	decreased endocytosis	831:851	decreased endocytosis of surface GluNB-containing receptors	831:889	This was due to decreased endocytosis of surface GluNB-containing receptors.
28887453	2	41	dep	switch	534:539	arg1	2					428:428	2	428:428	2	428:428	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	42	theme	subunit-containing	570:587	arg1	receptors					589:597	GluN2A subunit-containing receptors	563:597	GluN2A subunit-containing receptors	563:597	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	7	43	theme	ECM	1055:1057	arg1	maturation					1041:1050	maturation	1041:1050	maturation of ECM	1041:1057	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	2	44	theme	N-methyl-D-aspartate	431:450	arg1	subtype					452:458	N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype	431:458	N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity	431:532	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	45	theme	GluN2A	563:568	arg1	receptors					589:597	GluN2A subunit-containing receptors	563:597	GluN2A subunit-containing receptors	563:597	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	3	46	theme	dissociated	683:693	arg1	cultures					704:711	dissociated neuronal cultures	683:711	dissociated neuronal cultures	683:711	Here we tested the hypothesis that ECM influences the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures.
28887453	1	47	theme	brain	147:151	arg1	areas					118:122	Cortical areas	109:122	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain	109:151	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	7	48	theme	GluN2B	1180:1185	arg1	expression					1166:1175	increased expression	1156:1175	increased expression of GluN2B	1156:1185	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	1	49	theme	juvenile	131:138	arg1	brain					147:151	the juvenile rodent brain	127:151	the juvenile rodent brain	127:151	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	6	50	from	reduction	911:919	arg1	Tyr1472					943:949	Tyr1472	943:949	Tyr1472	943:949	We further found a reduction in phosphorylation at Tyr1472, which negatively regulates their binding to the endocytotic AP2 complex.
28887453	6	50	from	reduction	911:919	arg1	phosphorylation					924:938	phosphorylation	924:938	phosphorylation at Tyr1472	924:949	We further found a reduction in phosphorylation at Tyr1472, which negatively regulates their binding to the endocytotic AP2 complex.
28887453	3	51	theme	subunit	660:666	arg1	composition					668:678	the NMDAR subunit composition	650:678	the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures	650:711	Here we tested the hypothesis that ECM influences the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures.
28887453	4	52	theme	GluN2B	807:812	arg1	expression					793:802	surface expression	785:802	surface expression of GluN2B	785:812	Experimental removal of ECM using hyaluronidase induced an increase in surface expression of GluN2B.
28887453	0	53	contain	containing	82:91	arg1	GluN2B					75:80	GluN2B	75:80	GluN2B containing NMDA receptors	75:106	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	0	53	contain	containing	82:91	arg2	receptors					98:106	NMDA receptors	93:106	NMDA receptors	93:106	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	1	54	theme	rodent	140:145	arg1	brain					147:151	the juvenile rodent brain	127:151	the juvenile rodent brain	127:151	Cortical areas of the juvenile rodent brain display a high degree of structural and functional plasticity, which disappears later in development.
28887453	7	55	theme	adult	1121:1125	arg1	plasticity					1136:1145	normal adult synaptic plasticity	1114:1145	normal adult synaptic plasticity	1114:1145	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
28887453	0	56	theme	GluN2B	75:80	arg1	expression					61:70	surface expression	53:70	surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors	53:106	Hyaluronic acid based extracellular matrix regulates surface expression of GluN2B containing NMDA receptors.
28887453	2	57	theme	brain	360:364	arg1	ECM					348:350	ECM	348:350	ECM	348:350	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	2	57	theme	brain	360:364	arg1	matrix					340:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix	300:345	the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit	300:412	Coincident with the decline of plasticity 1) the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which stabilizes synapses and neuronal circuit is formed and 2) N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) implied in synaptic plasticity switch from mainly GluN2B to GluN2A subunit-containing receptors.
28887453	3	58	from	composition	668:678	arg1	cultures					704:711	dissociated neuronal cultures	683:711	dissociated neuronal cultures	683:711	Here we tested the hypothesis that ECM influences the NMDAR subunit composition in dissociated neuronal cultures.
28887453	7	59	theme	plasticity	1218:1227	arg1	rejuvenation					1202:1213	rejuvenation	1202:1213	rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal	1202:1245	We propose that maturation of ECM could induce switch in NMDAR composition necessary for normal adult synaptic plasticity and that increased expression of GluN2B contributes to rejuvenation of plasticity after ECM removal in vivo.
26550604	0	0	theme	Vigna	69:73	arg1	subterranea					75:85	Vigna subterranea	69:85	Vigna subterranea (L.	69:89	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	4	1	theme	food	251:254	arg1	security					256:263	food security	251:263	food security in sub-Saharan Africa	251:285	It occupies a prominent place in the strategies to ensure food security in sub-Saharan Africa.
26550604	12	2	theme	sucrose	1118:1124	arg1	Addition					1103:1110	Addition	1103:1110	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium	1103:1146	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	6	3	theme	regulators	578:587	arg1	devoid					561:566	devoid	561:566	devoid	561:566	Three types of seeds were inoculated on different basal media devoid of growth regulators.
26550604	7	4	theme	source	673:678	arg1	strengths					598:606	Various strengths	590:606	Various strengths of the medium of choice	590:630	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	7	4	theme	source	673:678	arg1	concentration					649:661	concentration	649:661	concentration	649:661	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	7	4	theme	source	673:678	arg1	type					640:643	type	640:643	type	640:643	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	9	5	theme	high	852:855	arg1	rate					857:860	a high rate	850:860	a high rate of germination	850:875	Embryonic axis (EA) followed by seeds without coat (SWtC) germinated rapidly and expressed a high rate of germination.
26550604	7	6	theme	Various	590:596	arg1	strengths					598:606	Various strengths	590:606	Various strengths of the medium of choice	590:630	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	7	7	theme	medium	615:620	arg1	strengths					598:606	Various strengths	590:606	Various strengths of the medium of choice	590:630	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	7	7	theme	medium	615:620	arg1	concentration					649:661	concentration	649:661	concentration	649:661	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	7	7	theme	medium	615:620	arg1	type					640:643	type	640:643	type	640:643	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	11	8	with	medium	1059:1064	arg1	EA					1080:1081	EA	1080:1081	EA	1080:1081	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	8	with	medium	1059:1064	arg1	SWtC					1071:1074	SWtC	1071:1074	SWtC	1071:1074	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	12	9	theme	%	1116:1116	arg1	sucrose					1118:1124	3% sucrose	1115:1124	3% sucrose	1115:1124	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	6	10	theme	growth	571:576	arg1	regulators					578:587	growth regulators	571:587	growth regulators	571:587	Three types of seeds were inoculated on different basal media devoid of growth regulators.
26550604	2	11	dep	groundnut	120:128	arg1	Verdc					154:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc	131:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.	131:159	Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
26550604	12	12	theme	maximum	1172:1178	arg1	growth					1180:1185	a maximum growth	1170:1185	a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA	1170:1214	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	8	13	theme	seed	753:756	arg1	type					745:748	the type	741:748	the type of seed	741:756	Responses to germination varied with the type of seed.
26550604	2	14	theme	Bambara	112:118	arg1	groundnut					120:128	Bambara groundnut	112:128	Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)	112:160	Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
26550604	5	15	dep	germination	460:470	arg1	development					486:496	development	486:496	development	486:496	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	5	16	theme	optimal	431:437	arg1	conditions					439:448	optimal conditions	431:448	optimal conditions	431:448	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	5	17	theme	efficient	306:314	arg1	system					338:343	an efficient in vitro regeneration system	303:343	an efficient in vitro regeneration system	303:343	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	9	18	theme	germination	865:875	arg1	rate					857:860	a high rate	850:860	a high rate of germination	850:875	Embryonic axis (EA) followed by seeds without coat (SWtC) germinated rapidly and expressed a high rate of germination.
26550604	5	19	theme	conditions	439:448	arg1	establishment					414:426	the establishment	410:426	the establishment of optimal conditions	410:448	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	11	20	theme	growth	988:993	arg1	source					1086:1091	source	1086:1091	source of seeds	1086:1100	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	20	theme	growth	988:993	arg1	performances					995:1006	The optimal growth performances	976:1006	The optimal growth performances of plants	976:1016	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	7	21	theme	carbon	666:671	arg1	source					673:678	carbon source	666:678	carbon source	666:678	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	0	22	dep	subterranea	75:85	arg1	L.					88:89	L.	88:89	L.	88:89	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	6	23	theme	different	539:547	arg1	media					555:559	different basal media	539:559	different basal media devoid of growth regulators	539:587	Three types of seeds were inoculated on different basal media devoid of growth regulators.
26550604	6	24	theme	devoid	561:566	arg1	media					555:559	different basal media	539:559	different basal media devoid of growth regulators	539:587	Three types of seeds were inoculated on different basal media devoid of growth regulators.
26550604	3	25	theme	indigenous	168:177	arg1	legume					185:190	an indigenous grain legume	165:190	an indigenous grain legume	165:190	is an indigenous grain legume.
26550604	5	26	theme	seeds	454:458	arg1	germination					460:470	seeds germination	454:470	seeds germination	454:470	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	0	27	theme	In	0:1	arg1	Germination					15:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination	0:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination	0:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	3	28	theme	grain	179:183	arg1	legume					185:190	an indigenous grain legume	165:190	an indigenous grain legume	165:190	is an indigenous grain legume.
26550604	9	29	theme	Embryonic	759:767	arg1	axis					769:772	Embryonic axis	759:772	Embryonic axis (EA) followed by seeds without coat (SWtC)	759:815	Embryonic axis (EA) followed by seeds without coat (SWtC) germinated rapidly and expressed a high rate of germination.
26550604	9	29	theme	Embryonic	759:767	arg1	EA					775:776	EA	775:776	EA	775:776	Embryonic axis (EA) followed by seeds without coat (SWtC) germinated rapidly and expressed a high rate of germination.
26550604	6	30	theme	basal	549:553	arg1	media					555:559	different basal media	539:559	different basal media devoid of growth regulators	539:587	Three types of seeds were inoculated on different basal media devoid of growth regulators.
26550604	10	31	theme	seeds	964:968	arg1	type					970:973	the seeds type	960:973	the seeds type	960:973	The growth performances of plantlets varied with the basal medium composition and the seeds type.
26550604	0	32	theme	Seeds	9:13	arg1	Germination					15:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination	0:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination	0:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	2	33	theme	subterranea	137:147	arg1	Verdc					154:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc	131:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.	131:159	Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
26550604	11	34	theme	seeds	1096:1100	arg1	source					1086:1091	source	1086:1091	source of seeds	1086:1100	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	34	theme	seeds	1096:1100	arg1	performances					995:1006	The optimal growth performances	976:1006	The optimal growth performances of plants	976:1016	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	4	35	theme	prominent	207:215	arg1	place					217:221	a prominent place	205:221	a prominent place	205:221	It occupies a prominent place in the strategies to ensure food security in sub-Saharan Africa.
26550604	0	36	theme	Seedling	31:38	arg1	Growth					40:45	Seedling Growth	31:45	Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut	31:66	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	2	37	theme	Vigna	131:135	arg1	Verdc					154:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc	131:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.	131:159	Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
26550604	11	38	theme	strength	1041:1048	arg1	medium					1059:1064	half strength MS basal medium	1036:1064	half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA	1036:1081	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	39	theme	optimal	980:986	arg1	source					1086:1091	source	1086:1091	source of seeds	1086:1100	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	39	theme	optimal	980:986	arg1	performances					995:1006	The optimal growth performances	976:1006	The optimal growth performances of plants	976:1016	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	12	40	attach	derived	1200:1206	arg2	plantlets					1190:1198	plantlets	1190:1198	plantlets derived from EA	1190:1214	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	12	40	attach	derived	1200:1206	arg1	EA					1213:1214	EA	1213:1214	EA	1213:1214	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	5	41	dep	in	316:317	arg1	vitro					319:323	vitro	319:323	vitro	319:323	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	11	42	theme	MS	1050:1051	arg1	medium					1059:1064	half strength MS basal medium	1036:1064	half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA	1036:1081	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	43	theme	plants	1011:1016	arg1	source					1086:1091	source	1086:1091	source of seeds	1086:1100	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	11	43	theme	plants	1011:1016	arg1	performances					995:1006	The optimal growth performances	976:1006	The optimal growth performances of plants	976:1016	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	10	44	theme	basal	931:935	arg1	composition					944:954	the basal medium composition	927:954	the basal medium composition	927:954	The growth performances of plantlets varied with the basal medium composition and the seeds type.
26550604	10	45	theme	growth	882:887	arg1	performances					889:900	The growth performances	878:900	The growth performances of plantlets	878:913	The growth performances of plantlets varied with the basal medium composition and the seeds type.
26550604	6	46	theme	seeds	514:518	arg1	types					505:509	Three types	499:509	Three types of seeds	499:518	Three types of seeds were inoculated on different basal media devoid of growth regulators.
26550604	7	47	theme	choice	625:630	arg1	medium					615:620	the medium	611:620	the medium of choice	611:630	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	11	48	theme	half	1036:1039	arg1	medium					1059:1064	half strength MS basal medium	1036:1064	half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA	1036:1081	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	10	49	theme	medium	937:942	arg1	composition					944:954	the basal medium composition	927:954	the basal medium composition	927:954	The growth performances of plantlets varied with the basal medium composition and the seeds type.
26550604	5	50	theme	genetic	365:371	arg1	application					388:398	genetic transformation application	365:398	genetic transformation application	365:398	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	10	51	theme	plantlets	905:913	arg1	performances					889:900	The growth performances	878:900	The growth performances of plantlets	878:913	The growth performances of plantlets varied with the basal medium composition and the seeds type.
26550604	4	52	from	security	256:263	arg1	Africa					280:285	Africa	280:285	Africa	280:285	It occupies a prominent place in the strategies to ensure food security in sub-Saharan Africa.
26550604	0	53	dep	Germination	15:25	arg1	subterranea					75:85	Vigna subterranea	69:85	Vigna subterranea (L.	69:89	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	5	54	theme	transformation	373:386	arg1	application					388:398	genetic transformation application	365:398	genetic transformation application	365:398	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	5	55	theme	in	316:317	arg1	system					338:343	an efficient in vitro regeneration system	303:343	an efficient in vitro regeneration system	303:343	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	2	56	theme	L.	150:151	arg1	Verdc					154:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc	131:158	Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.	131:159	Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.)
26550604	12	57	theme	plantlets	1190:1198	arg1	growth					1180:1185	a maximum growth	1170:1185	a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA	1170:1214	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	4	58	dep	strategies	230:239	arg1	ensure					244:249	ensure	244:249	to ensure food security in sub-Saharan Africa	241:285	It occupies a prominent place in the strategies to ensure food security in sub-Saharan Africa.
26550604	12	59	theme	culture	1133:1139	arg1	medium					1141:1146	the culture medium	1129:1146	the culture medium	1129:1146	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	7	60	dep	type	640:643	arg1	the					636:638	the	636:638	the	636:638	Various strengths of the medium of choice and the type and concentration of carbon source were also investigated.
26550604	0	61	theme	Groundnut	58:66	arg1	Germination					15:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination	0:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination	0:25	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	0	61	theme	Groundnut	58:66	arg1	Growth					40:45	Seedling Growth	31:45	Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut	31:66	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	11	62	theme	basal	1053:1057	arg1	medium					1059:1064	half strength MS basal medium	1036:1064	half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA	1036:1081	The optimal growth performances of plants were displayed on half strength MS basal medium with SWtC and EA as source of seeds.
26550604	12	63	theme	3	1115:1115	arg1	%					1116:1116	%	1116:1116	%	1116:1116	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	5	64	theme	regeneration	325:336	arg1	system					338:343	an efficient in vitro regeneration system	303:343	an efficient in vitro regeneration system	303:343	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	0	65	theme	Bambara	50:56	arg1	Groundnut					58:66	Bambara Groundnut	50:66	Bambara Groundnut	50:66	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	12	66	from	Addition	1103:1110	arg1	medium					1141:1146	the culture medium	1129:1146	the culture medium	1129:1146	Addition of 3% sucrose in the culture medium was more suitable for a maximum growth of plantlets derived from EA.
26550604	0	67	dep	In	0:1	arg1	Vitro					3:7	Vitro	3:7	Vitro	3:7	In Vitro Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
26550604	5	68	theme	system	338:343	arg1	prerequisite					348:359	a prerequisite	346:359	a prerequisite for genetic transformation application	346:398	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
26550604	5	68	theme	system	338:343	arg1	Development					288:298	Development	288:298	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system	288:343	Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration system, a prerequisite for genetic transformation application, requires the establishment of optimal conditions for seeds germination and plantlets development.
28447343	4	0	theme	other	792:796	arg1	effects					798:804	most other effects	787:804	most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet	787:856	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	11	1	theme	acids	1983:1987	arg1	terms					1959:1963	terms	1959:1963	terms of specific fatty acids	1959:1987	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	10	2	theme	Increased	1787:1795	arg1	adiposity					1797:1805	Increased adiposity	1787:1805	Increased adiposity	1787:1805	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	11	3	theme	hepatic	1990:1996	arg1	content					2042:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	13	4	theme	plasma	2428:2433	arg1	acids					2446:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids	2419:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning	2419:2461	However, exposure to either sucrose or HFCS-55 during the prenatal period only was associated with elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning, and this effect persisted until 12 weeks.
28447343	3	5	theme	maternal	479:486	arg1	sucrose					488:494	a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet	477:507	sucrose	488:494	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	10	6	located	observed	1811:1818	arg2	adiposity					1797:1805	Increased adiposity	1787:1805	Increased adiposity	1787:1805	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	10	6	located	observed	1811:1818	arg1	offspring					1834:1842	3-week-old offspring	1823:1842	3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling	1823:1888	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	7	7	theme	exposure	1324:1331	arg1	timing					1314:1319	the timing	1310:1319	the timing of exposure	1310:1331	However, it is unknown to what extent the type of sugar and the timing of exposure affect these outcomes.
28447343	7	7	theme	exposure	1324:1331	arg1	type					1292:1295	the type	1288:1295	the type of sugar	1288:1304	However, it is unknown to what extent the type of sugar and the timing of exposure affect these outcomes.
28447343	11	8	dep	monounsaturated	1998:2012	arg1	-9					2027:2028	-9	2027:2028	-9	2027:2028	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	11	8	dep	monounsaturated	1998:2012	arg1	omega-7					2015:2021	omega-7	2015:2021	omega-7	2015:2021	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	4	9	theme	high-sugar	842:851	arg1	diet					853:856	a maternal high-sugar diet	831:856	a maternal high-sugar diet	831:856	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	14	10	theme	health	2666:2671	arg1	outcomes					2673:2680	metabolic health outcomes	2656:2680	metabolic health outcomes in the offspring	2656:2697	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	3	11	contain	have	567:570	arg2	content					604:610	liver fat content	594:610	liver fat content	594:610	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	3	11	contain	have	567:570	arg2	adiposity					580:588	altered adiposity	572:588	altered adiposity	572:588	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	3	11	contain	have	567:570	arg1	offspring					456:464	offspring	456:464	offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods	456:551	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	8	12	theme	cross-fostering	1614:1628	arg1	approach					1630:1637	a cross-fostering approach	1612:1637	a cross-fostering approach	1612:1637	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	0	13	theme	lipid	103:107	arg1	composition					109:119	hepatic lipid composition	95:119	hepatic lipid composition	95:119	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	11	14	theme	acid	2037:2040	arg1	content					2042:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	4	15	theme	exposure	819:826	arg1	effects					798:804	most other effects	787:804	most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet	787:856	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	4	16	theme	Plasma	640:645	arg1	levels					647:652	Plasma levels	640:652	Plasma levels of free fatty acids	640:672	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	3	17	from	weaning	631:637	arg1	adiposity					580:588	altered adiposity	572:588	altered adiposity	572:588	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	3	17	from	weaning	631:637	arg1	composition					616:626	composition	616:626	composition	616:626	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	3	17	from	weaning	631:637	arg1	content					604:610	liver fat content	594:610	liver fat content	594:610	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	8	18	theme	rodent	1644:1649	arg1	model					1651:1655	a rodent model	1642:1655	a rodent model	1642:1655	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	13	19	theme	elevated	2419:2426	arg1	acids					2446:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids	2419:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning	2419:2461	However, exposure to either sucrose or HFCS-55 during the prenatal period only was associated with elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning, and this effect persisted until 12 weeks.
28447343	11	20	theme	specific	1968:1975	arg1	acids					1983:1987	specific fatty acids	1968:1987	specific fatty acids	1968:1987	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	10	21	theme	fat	1914:1916	arg1	content					1918:1924	increased hepatic fat content	1896:1924	increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1896:1953	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	8	22	dep	%	1449:1449	arg1	w/v					1452:1454	w/v	1452:1454	w/v	1452:1454	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	10	23	theme	increased	1896:1904	arg1	content					1918:1924	increased hepatic fat content	1896:1924	increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1896:1953	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	0	24	theme	fructose	48:55	arg1	syrup					62:66	high fructose corn syrup	43:66	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55)	43:76	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	0	24	theme	fructose	48:55	arg1	HFCS-55					69:75	HFCS-55	69:75	HFCS-55	69:75	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	8	25	from	impact	1399:1404	arg1	offspring					1573:1581	offspring	1573:1581	offspring at 3 and 12 weeks	1573:1599	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	14	26	dep	timing	2557:2562	arg1	prenatal					2577:2584	prenatal	2577:2584	prenatal	2577:2584	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	14	26	dep	timing	2557:2562	arg1	periods					2598:2604	suckling periods	2589:2604	suckling periods	2589:2604	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	4	27	from	adulthood	701:709	arg1	elevated					683:690	elevated	683:690	elevated	683:690	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	8	28	theme	exposure	1409:1416	arg1	impact					1399:1404	the impact	1395:1404	the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks	1395:1599	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	9	29	theme	Perinatal	1658:1666	arg1	exposure					1676:1683	Perinatal sucrose exposure	1658:1683	Perinatal sucrose exposure	1658:1683	Perinatal sucrose exposure decreased plasma glucose concentrations in offspring at 3 weeks, but did not alter glucose tolerance.
28447343	8	30	theme	maternal	1421:1428	arg1	consumption					1430:1440	maternal consumption	1421:1440	maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1421:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	13	31	theme	prenatal	2378:2385	arg1	period					2387:2392	the prenatal period	2374:2392	the prenatal period	2374:2392	However, exposure to either sucrose or HFCS-55 during the prenatal period only was associated with elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning, and this effect persisted until 12 weeks.
28447343	4	32	theme	fatty	662:666	arg1	acids					668:672	free fatty acids	657:672	free fatty acids	657:672	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	12	33	from	effects	2244:2250	arg1	adiposity					2255:2263	adiposity	2255:2263	adiposity	2255:2263	By 12 weeks, the effects on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition were largely normalised.
28447343	12	33	from	effects	2244:2250	arg1	composition					2283:2293	hepatic lipid composition	2269:2293	hepatic lipid composition	2269:2293	By 12 weeks, the effects on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition were largely normalised.
28447343	9	34	theme	plasma	1695:1700	arg1	concentrations					1710:1723	plasma glucose concentrations	1695:1723	plasma glucose concentrations	1695:1723	Perinatal sucrose exposure decreased plasma glucose concentrations in offspring at 3 weeks, but did not alter glucose tolerance.
28447343	8	35	theme	10	1447:1448	arg1	%					1449:1449	%	1449:1449	%	1449:1449	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	8	36	from	12 weeks	1592:1599	arg1	offspring					1573:1581	offspring	1573:1581	offspring at 3 and 12 weeks	1573:1599	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	0	37	theme	perinatal	10:18	arg1	exposure					20:27	perinatal exposure	10:27	perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55)	10:76	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	4	38	theme	control	733:739	arg1	diet					741:744	a control diet	731:744	a control diet	731:744	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	2	39	theme	exposure	354:361	arg1	impact					334:339	the impact	330:339	the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring	330:434	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	13	40	theme	fatty	2440:2444	arg1	acids					2446:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids	2419:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning	2419:2461	However, exposure to either sucrose or HFCS-55 during the prenatal period only was associated with elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning, and this effect persisted until 12 weeks.
28447343	12	41	theme	lipid	2277:2281	arg1	composition					2283:2293	hepatic lipid composition	2269:2293	hepatic lipid composition	2269:2293	By 12 weeks, the effects on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition were largely normalised.
28447343	8	42	from	3	1586:1586	arg1	offspring					1573:1581	offspring	1573:1581	offspring at 3 and 12 weeks	1573:1599	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	10	43	from	content	1918:1924	arg1	offspring					1945:1953	HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1929:1953	HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1929:1953	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	6	44	theme	excess	1095:1100	arg1	intake					1111:1116	excess maternal intake	1095:1116	excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose,	1095:1165	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	14	45	from	impact	2646:2651	arg1	outcomes					2673:2680	metabolic health outcomes	2656:2680	metabolic health outcomes in the offspring	2656:2697	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	6	46	from	diabetes	1226:1233	arg1	life					1244:1247	adult life	1238:1247	adult life	1238:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	5	47	theme	fructose-containing	931:949	arg1	sugars					951:956	fructose-containing sugars	931:956	fructose-containing sugars	931:956	Guidelines for maternal nutrition should advise limiting consumption of fructose-containing sugars, and it is particularly important that these recommendations include maternal nutrition during lactation.
28447343	14	48	theme	sugar	2543:2547	arg1	type					2535:2538	the type	2531:2538	the type of sugar	2531:2547	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	14	48	theme	sugar	2543:2547	arg1	important					2616:2624	important	2616:2624	important	2616:2624	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	14	48	theme	sugar	2543:2547	arg1	timing					2557:2562	the timing	2553:2562	the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods)	2553:2605	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	3	49	theme	liver	594:598	arg1	content					604:610	liver fat content	594:610	liver fat content	594:610	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	11	50	dep	periods	2166:2172	arg1	both					2135:2138	both	2135:2138	both	2135:2138	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	8	51	theme	prenatal	1537:1544	arg1	periods					1562:1568	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	1533:1568	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	1533:1568	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	1	52	theme	corn	214:217	arg1	HFCS					226:229	HFCS	226:229	HFCS	226:229	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	1	52	theme	corn	214:217	arg1	syrup					219:223	high fructose corn syrup	200:223	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)	200:230	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	6	53	theme	ABSTRACT	1064:1071	arg1	exposure					1083:1090	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure	1064:1090	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose,	1064:1165	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	6	54	theme	adult	1238:1242	arg1	life					1244:1247	adult life	1238:1247	adult life	1238:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	2	55	theme	Few	303:305	arg1	studies					307:313	Few studies	303:313	Few studies	303:313	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	8	56	theme	suckling	1553:1560	arg1	periods					1562:1568	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	1533:1568	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	1533:1568	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	6	57	from	obesity	1207:1213	arg1	life					1244:1247	adult life	1238:1247	adult life	1238:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	4	58	theme	most	787:790	arg1	effects					798:804	most other effects	787:804	most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet	787:856	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	9	59	theme	glucose	1768:1774	arg1	tolerance					1776:1784	glucose tolerance	1768:1784	glucose tolerance	1768:1784	Perinatal sucrose exposure decreased plasma glucose concentrations in offspring at 3 weeks, but did not alter glucose tolerance.
28447343	6	60	theme	diabetes	1226:1233	arg1	risk					1199:1202	an increased risk	1186:1202	an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life	1186:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	6	61	theme	sugars	1127:1132	arg1	intake					1111:1116	excess maternal intake	1095:1116	excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose,	1095:1165	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	11	62	theme	monounsaturated	1998:2012	arg1	content					2042:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	11	63	theme	prenatal	2144:2151	arg1	periods					2166:2172	both the prenatal and suckling periods	2135:2172	periods	2166:2172	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	10	64	theme	3-week-old	1823:1832	arg1	offspring					1834:1842	3-week-old offspring	1823:1842	3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling	1823:1888	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	6	65	theme	type	1219:1222	arg1	diabetes					1226:1233	type 2 diabetes	1219:1233	type 2 diabetes in adult life	1219:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	1	66	theme	KEY	139:141	arg1	POINTS					143:148	KEY POINTS	139:148	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.	139:301	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	13	67	from	weaning	2455:2461	arg1	acids					2446:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids	2419:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning	2419:2461	However, exposure to either sucrose or HFCS-55 during the prenatal period only was associated with elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning, and this effect persisted until 12 weeks.
28447343	11	68	theme	fatty	2031:2035	arg1	content					2042:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content	1990:2048	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	6	69	theme	obesity	1207:1213	arg1	risk					1199:1202	an increased risk	1186:1202	an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life	1186:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	3	70	theme	HFCS	499:502	arg1	diet					504:507	a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet	477:507	diet	504:507	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	1	71	theme	Fructose-containing	150:168	arg1	sugars					170:175	Fructose-containing sugars	150:175	Fructose-containing sugars	150:175	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	1	71	theme	Fructose-containing	150:168	arg1	sucrose					188:194	sucrose	188:194	sucrose	188:194	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	1	71	theme	Fructose-containing	150:168	arg1	syrup					219:223	high fructose corn syrup	200:223	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)	200:230	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	6	72	theme	added	1121:1125	arg1	sucrose					1158:1164	sucrose	1158:1164	sucrose	1158:1164	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	6	72	theme	added	1121:1125	arg1	sugars					1127:1132	added sugars	1121:1132	added sugars	1121:1132	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	6	72	theme	added	1121:1125	arg1	fructose					1145:1152	fructose	1145:1152	fructose	1145:1152	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	1	73	theme	high	200:203	arg1	HFCS					226:229	HFCS	226:229	HFCS	226:229	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	1	73	theme	high	200:203	arg1	syrup					219:223	high fructose corn syrup	200:223	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)	200:230	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	0	74	theme	hepatic	95:101	arg1	composition					109:119	hepatic lipid composition	95:119	hepatic lipid composition	95:119	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	1	75	dep	POINTS	143:148	arg1	implicated					243:252	implicated	243:252	have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes	233:300	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	4	76	theme	maternal	833:840	arg1	diet					853:856	a maternal high-sugar diet	831:856	a maternal high-sugar diet	831:856	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	14	77	theme	metabolic	2656:2664	arg1	outcomes					2673:2680	metabolic health outcomes	2656:2680	metabolic health outcomes in the offspring	2656:2697	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	11	78	theme	suckling	2157:2164	arg1	periods					2166:2172	both the prenatal and suckling periods	2135:2172	periods	2166:2172	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	3	79	theme	rat	445:447	arg1	model					449:453	a rat model	443:453	a rat model	443:453	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	5	80	theme	maternal	1027:1034	arg1	nutrition					1036:1044	maternal nutrition	1027:1044	maternal nutrition	1027:1044	Guidelines for maternal nutrition should advise limiting consumption of fructose-containing sugars, and it is particularly important that these recommendations include maternal nutrition during lactation.
28447343	3	81	theme	prenatal	520:527	arg1	periods					545:551	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	516:551	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	516:551	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	8	82	theme	study	1372:1376	arg1	aim					1360:1362	The aim	1356:1362	The aim of this study	1356:1376	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	6	83	theme	increased	1189:1197	arg1	risk					1199:1202	an increased risk	1186:1202	an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life	1186:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	8	84	contain	containing	1466:1475	arg2	sucrose					1477:1483	sucrose	1477:1483	sucrose	1477:1483	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	8	84	contain	containing	1466:1475	arg1	beverage					1457:1464	a 10% (w/v) beverage	1445:1464	a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1445:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	8	84	contain	containing	1466:1475	arg2	HFCS-55					1517:1523	HFCS-55	1517:1523	HFCS-55	1517:1523	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	8	84	contain	containing	1466:1475	arg2	fructose					1493:1500	high fructose corn syrup-55	1488:1514	high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1488:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	0	85	theme	rat	124:126	arg1	offspring					128:136	rat offspring	124:136	rat offspring	124:136	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	0	86	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	composition					109:119	hepatic lipid composition	95:119	hepatic lipid composition	95:119	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	0	86	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	adiposity					81:89	adiposity	81:89	adiposity	81:89	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	4	87	theme	perinatal	809:817	arg1	exposure					819:826	perinatal exposure	809:826	perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet	809:856	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	0	88	from	adiposity	81:89	arg1	offspring					128:136	rat offspring	124:136	rat offspring	124:136	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	7	89	theme	sugar	1300:1304	arg1	timing					1314:1319	the timing	1310:1319	the timing of exposure	1310:1331	However, it is unknown to what extent the type of sugar and the timing of exposure affect these outcomes.
28447343	7	89	theme	sugar	1300:1304	arg1	type					1292:1295	the type	1288:1295	the type of sugar	1288:1304	However, it is unknown to what extent the type of sugar and the timing of exposure affect these outcomes.
28447343	14	90	from	outcomes	2673:2680	arg1	offspring					2689:2697	the offspring	2685:2697	the offspring	2685:2697	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	11	91	theme	fatty	1977:1981	arg1	acids					1983:1987	specific fatty acids	1968:1987	specific fatty acids	1968:1987	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	6	92	from	risk	1199:1202	arg1	life					1244:1247	adult life	1238:1247	adult life	1238:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	10	93	theme	hepatic	1906:1912	arg1	content					1918:1924	increased hepatic fat content	1896:1924	increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1896:1953	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	0	94	theme	corn	57:60	arg1	syrup					62:66	high fructose corn syrup	43:66	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55)	43:76	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	0	94	theme	corn	57:60	arg1	HFCS-55					69:75	HFCS-55	69:75	HFCS-55	69:75	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	3	95	theme	suckling	536:543	arg1	periods					545:551	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	516:551	the prenatal and/or suckling periods	516:551	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	8	96	theme	high	1488:1491	arg1	fructose					1493:1500	high fructose corn syrup-55	1488:1514	high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1488:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	8	96	theme	high	1488:1491	arg1	HFCS-55					1517:1523	HFCS-55	1517:1523	HFCS-55	1517:1523	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	1	97	theme	type	286:289	arg1	diabetes					293:300	type 2 diabetes	286:300	type 2 diabetes	286:300	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	10	98	theme	HFCS-55-exposed	1929:1943	arg1	offspring					1945:1953	HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1929:1953	HFCS-55-exposed offspring	1929:1953	Increased adiposity was observed in 3-week-old offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS-55 during suckling, with increased hepatic fat content in HFCS-55-exposed offspring.
28447343	1	99	theme	diabetes	293:300	arg1	epidemics					261:269	the epidemics	257:269	the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes	257:300	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	2	100	from	outcomes	410:417	arg1	offspring					426:434	the offspring	422:434	the offspring	422:434	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	4	101	from	elevated	683:690	arg1	adulthood					701:709	young adulthood	695:709	young adulthood	695:709	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	9	102	theme	sucrose	1668:1674	arg1	exposure					1676:1683	Perinatal sucrose exposure	1658:1683	Perinatal sucrose exposure	1658:1683	Perinatal sucrose exposure decreased plasma glucose concentrations in offspring at 3 weeks, but did not alter glucose tolerance.
28447343	4	103	theme	young	695:699	arg1	adulthood					701:709	young adulthood	695:709	young adulthood	695:709	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	14	104	theme	suckling	2589:2596	arg1	periods					2598:2604	suckling periods	2589:2604	suckling periods	2589:2604	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	2	105	theme	metabolic	382:390	arg1	outcomes					410:417	metabolic and physiological outcomes	382:417	metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring	382:434	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	8	106	theme	%	1449:1449	arg1	beverage					1457:1464	a 10% (w/v) beverage	1445:1464	a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1445:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	4	107	theme	free	657:660	arg1	acids					668:672	free fatty acids	657:672	free fatty acids	657:672	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	0	108	theme	exposure	20:27	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.	0:137	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	5	109	theme	maternal	874:881	arg1	nutrition					883:891	maternal nutrition	874:891	maternal nutrition	874:891	Guidelines for maternal nutrition should advise limiting consumption of fructose-containing sugars, and it is particularly important that these recommendations include maternal nutrition during lactation.
28447343	9	110	theme	glucose	1702:1708	arg1	concentrations					1710:1723	plasma glucose concentrations	1695:1723	plasma glucose concentrations	1695:1723	Perinatal sucrose exposure decreased plasma glucose concentrations in offspring at 3 weeks, but did not alter glucose tolerance.
28447343	3	111	theme	altered	572:578	arg1	adiposity					580:588	altered adiposity	572:588	altered adiposity	572:588	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	4	112	theme	acids	668:672	arg1	levels					647:652	Plasma levels	640:652	Plasma levels of free fatty acids	640:672	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	13	113	theme	free	2435:2438	arg1	acids					2446:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids	2419:2450	elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning	2419:2461	However, exposure to either sucrose or HFCS-55 during the prenatal period only was associated with elevated plasma free fatty acids at weaning, and this effect persisted until 12 weeks.
28447343	14	114	theme	exposure	2567:2574	arg1	type					2535:2538	the type	2531:2538	the type of sugar	2531:2547	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	14	114	theme	exposure	2567:2574	arg1	important					2616:2624	important	2616:2624	important	2616:2624	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	14	114	theme	exposure	2567:2574	arg1	timing					2557:2562	the timing	2553:2562	the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods)	2553:2605	This study suggests that the type of sugar and the timing of exposure (prenatal or suckling periods) are both important for determining the impact on metabolic health outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	8	115	theme	beverage	1457:1464	arg1	consumption					1430:1440	maternal consumption	1421:1440	maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1421:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	12	116	theme	hepatic	2269:2275	arg1	composition					2283:2293	hepatic lipid composition	2269:2293	hepatic lipid composition	2269:2293	By 12 weeks, the effects on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition were largely normalised.
28447343	2	117	theme	perinatal	344:352	arg1	exposure					354:361	perinatal exposure	344:361	perinatal exposure to these sugars	344:377	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	0	118	theme	high	43:46	arg1	syrup					62:66	high fructose corn syrup	43:66	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55)	43:76	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	0	118	theme	high	43:46	arg1	HFCS-55					69:75	HFCS-55	69:75	HFCS-55	69:75	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	6	119	from	life	1244:1247	arg1	risk					1199:1202	an increased risk	1186:1202	an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life	1186:1247	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	6	120	theme	maternal	1102:1109	arg1	intake					1111:1116	excess maternal intake	1095:1116	excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose,	1095:1165	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	2	121	theme	physiological	396:408	arg1	outcomes					410:417	metabolic and physiological outcomes	382:417	metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring	382:434	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	11	122	dep	offspring	2110:2118	arg1	exposed					2120:2126	exposed	2120:2126	offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods	2110:2172	In terms of specific fatty acids, hepatic monounsaturated (omega-7 and -9) fatty acid content was elevated at weaning, and was most pronounced in sucrose offspring exposed during both the prenatal and suckling periods, and HFCS-55 offspring exposed during suckling only.
28447343	3	123	theme	fat	600:602	arg1	content					604:610	liver fat content	594:610	liver fat content	594:610	Using a rat model, offspring exposed to a maternal sucrose or HFCS diet during the prenatal and/or suckling periods were found to have altered adiposity and liver fat content and composition at weaning.
28447343	4	124	theme	diet	741:744	arg1	consumption					716:726	consumption	716:726	consumption of a control diet following weaning	716:762	Plasma levels of free fatty acids remained elevated in young adulthood, but consumption of a control diet following weaning appeared to ameliorate most other effects of perinatal exposure to a maternal high-sugar diet.
28447343	1	125	theme	obesity	274:280	arg1	epidemics					261:269	the epidemics	257:269	the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes	257:300	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	2	126	from	impact	334:339	arg1	outcomes					410:417	metabolic and physiological outcomes	382:417	metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring	382:434	Few studies have evaluated the impact of perinatal exposure to these sugars on metabolic and physiological outcomes in the offspring.
28447343	0	127	from	composition	109:119	arg1	offspring					128:136	rat offspring	124:136	rat offspring	124:136	Impact of perinatal exposure to sucrose or high fructose corn syrup (HFCS-55) on adiposity and hepatic lipid composition in rat offspring.
28447343	1	128	theme	fructose	205:212	arg1	HFCS					226:229	HFCS	226:229	HFCS	226:229	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	1	128	theme	fructose	205:212	arg1	syrup					219:223	high fructose corn syrup	200:223	high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)	200:230	KEY POINTS Fructose-containing sugars, including sucrose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), have been implicated in the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
28447343	5	129	theme	sugars	951:956	arg1	consumption					916:926	consumption	916:926	consumption of fructose-containing sugars	916:956	Guidelines for maternal nutrition should advise limiting consumption of fructose-containing sugars, and it is particularly important that these recommendations include maternal nutrition during lactation.
28447343	6	130	theme	Perinatal	1073:1081	arg1	exposure					1083:1090	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure	1064:1090	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose,	1064:1165	ABSTRACT Perinatal exposure to excess maternal intake of added sugars, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with an increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life.
28447343	8	131	theme	corn	1502:1505	arg1	fructose					1493:1500	high fructose corn syrup-55	1488:1514	high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55)	1488:1524	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28447343	8	131	theme	corn	1502:1505	arg1	HFCS-55					1517:1523	HFCS-55	1517:1523	HFCS-55	1517:1523	The aim of this study was to determine the impact of exposure to maternal consumption of a 10% (w/v) beverage containing sucrose or high fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS-55) during the prenatal and/or suckling periods on offspring at 3 and 12 weeks, utilising a cross-fostering approach in a rodent model.
28870747	4	0	theme	good	503:506	arg1	miscibility					508:518	good miscibility	503:518	good miscibility between chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol	503:557	The structural properties, which were evaluated using FTIR and DSC, showed good miscibility between chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol.
28870747	6	1	theme	hydrogel	653:660	arg1	composite					662:670	the chitosan-based hydrogel composite	634:670	the chitosan-based hydrogel composite	634:670	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite was investigated using gallic acid (GA).
28870747	8	2	theme	water	817:821	arg1	Diffusion					804:812	Diffusion	804:812	Diffusion of water into the chitosan-based hydrogel	804:854	Diffusion of water into the chitosan-based hydrogel was assumed to be pseudo-Fickian in PBS solution.
28870747	0	3	theme	composite	76:84	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.	0:135	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	9	4	theme	good	952:955	arg1	system					987:992	a drug delivery system	971:992	a drug delivery system	971:992	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	9	4	theme	good	952:955	arg1	properties					957:966	good properties	952:966	good properties	952:966	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	6	5	theme	chitosan-based	638:651	arg1	composite					662:670	the chitosan-based hydrogel composite	634:670	the chitosan-based hydrogel composite	634:670	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite was investigated using gallic acid (GA).
28870747	9	6	theme	drug	973:976	arg1	system					987:992	a drug delivery system	971:992	a drug delivery system	971:992	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	9	6	theme	drug	973:976	arg1	properties					957:966	good properties	952:966	good properties	952:966	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	7	7	theme	antioxidant	728:738	arg1	activities					740:749	high antioxidant activities	723:749	high antioxidant activities	723:749	It showed high antioxidant activities, which were monitored using DPPH radical scavenging.
28870747	0	8	theme	Release	87:93	arg1	characteristics					95:109	Release characteristics	87:109	Release characteristics	87:109	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	0	9	theme	antioxidant	115:125	arg1	activity					127:134	antioxidant activity	115:134	antioxidant activity	115:134	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	8	10	theme	PBS	892:894	arg1	solution					896:903	PBS solution	892:903	PBS solution	892:903	Diffusion of water into the chitosan-based hydrogel was assumed to be pseudo-Fickian in PBS solution.
28870747	3	11	theme	chitosan-based	359:372	arg1	composite					374:382	the chitosan-based composite	355:382	the chitosan-based composite	355:382	The results indicated that the chitosan-based composite presented a thermal resistance up to 200°C.
28870747	1	12	theme	polyvinyl	187:195	arg1	alcohol					197:203	polyvinyl alcohol	187:203	polyvinyl alcohol	187:203	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	5	13	theme	homogeneous	588:598	arg1	structure					600:608	a compact and homogeneous structure	574:608	a compact and homogeneous structure	574:608	SEM presented a compact and homogeneous structure.
28870747	8	14	from	pseudo-Fickian	874:887	arg1	solution					896:903	PBS solution	892:903	PBS solution	892:903	Diffusion of water into the chitosan-based hydrogel was assumed to be pseudo-Fickian in PBS solution.
28870747	0	15	theme	gallic	17:22	arg1	chitosan					36:43	a gallic acid-loaded chitosan	15:43	a gallic acid-loaded chitosan	15:43	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	2	16	theme	crosslinking	308:319	arg1	orthosilicate					269:281	Tetraethyl orthosilicate	258:281	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)	258:288	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a crosslinking agent.
28870747	2	16	theme	crosslinking	308:319	arg1	agent					321:325	a crosslinking agent	306:325	a crosslinking agent	306:325	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a crosslinking agent.
28870747	3	17	theme	thermal	396:402	arg1	resistance					404:413	a thermal resistance	394:413	a thermal resistance up to 200°C	394:425	The results indicated that the chitosan-based composite presented a thermal resistance up to 200°C.
28870747	0	18	theme	chitosan	36:43	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.	0:135	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	7	19	theme	high	723:726	arg1	activities					740:749	high antioxidant activities	723:749	high antioxidant activities	723:749	It showed high antioxidant activities, which were monitored using DPPH radical scavenging.
28870747	1	20	theme	-based	213:218	arg1	composite					229:237	a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite	172:237	a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite	172:237	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	0	21	theme	acid-loaded	24:34	arg1	chitosan					36:43	a gallic acid-loaded chitosan	15:43	a gallic acid-loaded chitosan	15:43	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	4	22	theme	polyvinyl	541:549	arg1	alcohol					551:557	polyvinyl alcohol	541:557	polyvinyl alcohol	541:557	The structural properties, which were evaluated using FTIR and DSC, showed good miscibility between chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol.
28870747	6	23	theme	release	615:621	arg1	profile					623:629	The release profile	611:629	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite	611:670	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite was investigated using gallic acid (GA).
28870747	1	24	theme	hydrogel	220:227	arg1	composite					229:237	a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite	172:237	a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite	172:237	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	0	25	theme	polyvinyl	49:57	arg1	composite					76:84	polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite	49:84	polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite	49:84	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	9	26	theme	CS/PVA-based	910:921	arg1	composite					932:940	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite	906:940	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite	906:940	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	7	27	theme	radical	784:790	arg1	scavenging					792:801	DPPH radical scavenging	779:801	DPPH radical scavenging	779:801	It showed high antioxidant activities, which were monitored using DPPH radical scavenging.
28870747	9	28	theme	hydrogel	923:930	arg1	composite					932:940	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite	906:940	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite	906:940	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	6	29	theme	gallic	695:700	arg1	GA					708:709	GA	708:709	GA	708:709	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite was investigated using gallic acid (GA).
28870747	6	29	theme	gallic	695:700	arg1	acid					702:705	gallic acid	695:705	gallic acid (GA)	695:710	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite was investigated using gallic acid (GA).
28870747	0	30	dep	Development	0:10	arg1	characteristics					95:109	Release characteristics	87:109	Release characteristics	87:109	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	0	30	dep	Development	0:10	arg1	activity					127:134	antioxidant activity	115:134	antioxidant activity	115:134	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	4	31	theme	structural	432:441	arg1	properties					443:452	The structural properties	428:452	The structural properties	428:452	The structural properties, which were evaluated using FTIR and DSC, showed good miscibility between chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol.
28870747	1	32	dep	-based	213:218	arg1	alcohol					197:203	polyvinyl alcohol	187:203	polyvinyl alcohol	187:203	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	1	32	dep	-based	213:218	arg1	chitosan					174:181	chitosan	174:181	chitosan	174:181	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	5	33	theme	compact	576:582	arg1	structure					600:608	a compact and homogeneous structure	574:608	a compact and homogeneous structure	574:608	SEM presented a compact and homogeneous structure.
28870747	8	34	theme	chitosan-based	832:845	arg1	hydrogel					847:854	the chitosan-based hydrogel	828:854	the chitosan-based hydrogel	828:854	Diffusion of water into the chitosan-based hydrogel was assumed to be pseudo-Fickian in PBS solution.
28870747	1	35	theme	composite	229:237	arg1	properties					158:167	The physico-chemical properties	137:167	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite	137:237	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	1	36	theme	physico-chemical	141:156	arg1	properties					158:167	The physico-chemical properties	137:167	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite	137:237	The physico-chemical properties of a chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA)-based hydrogel composite were investigated.
28870747	7	37	theme	DPPH	779:782	arg1	scavenging					792:801	DPPH radical scavenging	779:801	DPPH radical scavenging	779:801	It showed high antioxidant activities, which were monitored using DPPH radical scavenging.
28870747	0	38	theme	hydrogel	67:74	arg1	composite					76:84	polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite	49:84	polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite	49:84	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	0	39	theme	alcohol	59:65	arg1	composite					76:84	polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite	49:84	polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite	49:84	Development of a gallic acid-loaded chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel composite: Release characteristics and antioxidant activity.
28870747	2	40	theme	Tetraethyl	258:267	arg1	orthosilicate					269:281	Tetraethyl orthosilicate	258:281	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)	258:288	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a crosslinking agent.
28870747	2	40	theme	Tetraethyl	258:267	arg1	agent					321:325	a crosslinking agent	306:325	a crosslinking agent	306:325	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a crosslinking agent.
28870747	2	40	theme	Tetraethyl	258:267	arg1	TEOS					284:287	TEOS	284:287	TEOS	284:287	Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a crosslinking agent.
28870747	6	41	theme	composite	662:670	arg1	profile					623:629	The release profile	611:629	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite	611:670	The release profile of the chitosan-based hydrogel composite was investigated using gallic acid (GA).
28870747	9	42	theme	delivery	978:985	arg1	system					987:992	a drug delivery system	971:992	a drug delivery system	971:992	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28870747	9	42	theme	delivery	978:985	arg1	properties					957:966	good properties	952:966	good properties	952:966	The CS/PVA-based hydrogel composite exhibited good properties as a drug delivery system.
28204901	2	0	from	changes	178:184	arg1	sweating					219:226	thermal sweating	211:226	thermal sweating	211:226	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	0	from	changes	178:184	arg1	depletion					257:265	hepatic glycogen depletion	240:265	hepatic glycogen depletion	240:265	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	0	from	changes	178:184	arg1	muscle					229:234	muscle	229:234	muscle	229:234	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	0	from	changes	178:184	arg1	water					200:204	total body water	189:204	total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	189:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	6	1	theme	%	858:858	arg1	reduction					860:868	a 2.5% reduction	853:868	a 2.5% reduction in body mass	853:881	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	5	2	theme	subsequent	633:642	arg1	supercompensation					653:669	subsequent glycogen supercompensation	633:669	subsequent glycogen supercompensation	633:669	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	9	3	dep	%	1211:1211	arg1	CI					1213:1214	CI -2.3, -1.5	1213:1225	CI	1213:1214	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	5	4	theme	thermal	609:615	arg1	dehydration					617:627	thermal dehydration	609:627	thermal dehydration	609:627	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	6	5	theme	%	780:780	arg1	VO2max					782:787	70% VO2max	778:787	70% VO2max	778:787	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	2	6	theme	metabolic	271:279	arg1	loss					287:290	metabolic water loss	271:290	metabolic water loss	271:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	12	7	theme	carbohydrate	1586:1597	arg1	loading					1599:1605	carbohydrate loading	1586:1605	carbohydrate loading	1586:1605	CONCLUSIONS Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA.
28204901	5	8	theme	glycogen	644:651	arg1	supercompensation					653:669	subsequent glycogen supercompensation	633:669	subsequent glycogen supercompensation	633:669	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	5	9	theme	exercise	596:603	arg1	effect					586:591	the effect	582:591	the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition	582:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	9	10	theme	mean	1171:1174	arg1	mass					1181:1184	mean body mass	1171:1184	mean body mass	1171:1184	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	13	11	from	measurement	1674:1684	arg1	athletes					1696:1703	athletes	1696:1703	athletes	1696:1703	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	12	12	theme	apparent	1621:1628	arg1	changes					1630:1636	apparent changes	1621:1636	apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA	1621:1662	CONCLUSIONS Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA.
28204901	4	13	theme	hydrated	446:453	arg1	tissues					455:461	hydrated tissues	446:461	hydrated tissues	446:461	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	4	13	theme	hydrated	446:453	arg1	mass					484:487	lean tissue mass	472:487	lean tissue mass (LTM)	472:493	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	5	14	theme	body	699:702	arg1	composition					704:714	body composition	699:714	body composition	699:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	7	15	theme	high	966:969	arg1	diet					984:987	a high carbohydrate diet	964:987	a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day)	964:1013	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	7	15	theme	high	966:969	arg1	mass/day					1005:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	6	16	from	ergometer	800:808	arg1	30 °C					836:840	30 °C	836:840	30 °C	836:840	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	6	16	from	ergometer	800:808	arg1	environment					823:833	a thermal environment	813:833	a thermal environment (30 °C)	813:841	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	7	17	theme	body	1000:1003	arg1	diet					984:987	a high carbohydrate diet	964:987	a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day)	964:1013	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	7	17	theme	body	1000:1003	arg1	mass/day					1005:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	3	18	from	exercise	307:314	arg1	Recovery					293:300	Recovery	293:300	Recovery from exercise	293:314	Recovery from exercise results in rehydration, substrate repletion, and possible glycogen supercompensation.
28204901	11	19	from	change	1406:1411	arg1	content					1447:1453	bone mineral content	1434:1453	bone mineral content	1434:1453	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	11	19	from	change	1406:1411	arg1	mass					1426:1429	total fat mass	1416:1429	total fat mass	1416:1429	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	11	20	located	observed	1459:1466	arg1	timepoint					1475:1483	any timepoint	1471:1483	any timepoint	1471:1483	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	11	20	located	observed	1459:1466	arg2	change					1406:1411	No change	1403:1411	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content	1403:1453	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	2	21	theme	hepatic	240:246	arg1	depletion					257:265	hepatic glycogen depletion	240:265	hepatic glycogen depletion	240:265	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	12	22	theme	nutrition	1554:1562	arg1	regimens					1564:1571	dehydration and nutrition regimens	1538:1571	dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA	1538:1662	CONCLUSIONS Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA.
28204901	7	23	theme	glycogen	922:929	arg1	supercompensation					931:947	a glycogen supercompensation	920:947	a glycogen supercompensation phase	920:953	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	13	24	theme	glycogen	1750:1757	arg1	status					1759:1764	glycogen status	1750:1764	glycogen status	1750:1764	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	0	25	theme	tissue	58:63	arg1	mass					65:68	lean tissue mass	53:68	lean tissue mass	53:68	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	5	26	theme	study	559:563	arg1	purpose					543:549	The purpose	539:549	The purpose of this study	539:563	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	10	27	theme	2.53 kg	1336:1342	arg1	increase					1371:1378	a total LTM increase	1359:1378	a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg	1359:1389	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	10	27	theme	2.53 kg	1336:1342	arg1	increase					1324:1331	a mean body mass increase	1307:1331	a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1)	1307:1353	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	12	28	theme	Training	1498:1505	arg1	regimens					1507:1514	Training regimens	1498:1514	Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA	1498:1662	CONCLUSIONS Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA.
28204901	0	29	theme	X-ray	85:89	arg1	absorptiometry					91:104	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	73:104	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	73:104	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	9	30	theme	total	1235:1239	arg1	LTM					1241:1243	total LTM	1235:1243	total LTM	1235:1243	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	3	31	theme	glycogen	374:381	arg1	supercompensation					383:399	possible glycogen supercompensation	365:399	possible glycogen supercompensation	365:399	Recovery from exercise results in rehydration, substrate repletion, and possible glycogen supercompensation.
28204901	4	32	theme	tissue	477:482	arg1	LTM					490:492	LTM	490:492	LTM	490:492	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	4	32	theme	tissue	477:482	arg1	mass					484:487	lean tissue mass	472:487	lean tissue mass (LTM)	472:493	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	13	33	theme	hydration	1736:1744	arg1	observation					1721:1731	strict observation	1714:1731	strict observation of hydration and glycogen status	1714:1764	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	7	34	dep	supercompensation	931:947	arg1	phase					949:953	phase	949:953	a glycogen supercompensation phase	920:953	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	10	35	theme	total	1361:1365	arg1	increase					1371:1378	a total LTM increase	1359:1378	a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg	1359:1389	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	13	36	theme	results	1793:1799	arg1	manipulation					1777:1788	manipulation	1777:1788	manipulation of results	1777:1799	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	0	37	theme	status	24:29	arg1	effect					4:9	The effect	0:9	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	0:104	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	6	38	theme	thermal	815:821	arg1	30 °C					836:840	30 °C	836:840	30 °C	836:840	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	6	38	theme	thermal	815:821	arg1	environment					823:833	a thermal environment	813:833	a thermal environment (30 °C)	813:841	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	11	39	theme	bone	1434:1437	arg1	content					1447:1453	bone mineral content	1434:1453	bone mineral content	1434:1453	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	4	40	theme	X-ray	511:515	arg1	DXA					533:535	DXA	533:535	DXA	533:535	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	4	40	theme	X-ray	511:515	arg1	absorptiometry					517:530	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	499:530	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)	499:536	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	10	41	theme	2.36 kg	1383:1389	arg1	increase					1371:1378	a total LTM increase	1359:1378	a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg	1359:1389	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	10	41	theme	2.36 kg	1383:1389	arg1	increase					1324:1331	a mean body mass increase	1307:1331	a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1)	1307:1353	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	2	42	theme	body	195:198	arg1	water					200:204	total body water	189:204	total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	189:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	6	43	theme	active	732:737	arg1	males					759:763	Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	725:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	717:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	8	44	theme	DXA	1058:1060	arg1	measurement					1062:1072	Whole-body DXA measurement	1047:1072	Whole-body DXA measurement	1047:1072	Whole-body DXA measurement was performed at baseline, following exercise and supercompensation.
28204901	6	45	theme	cycle	794:798	arg1	ergometer					800:808	a cycle ergometer	792:808	a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass	792:881	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	9	46	dep	decreased	1186:1194	arg1	%					1211:1211	95%	1209:1211	95% CI -2.3, -1.5	1209:1225	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	6	47	from	reduction	860:868	arg1	mass					878:881	body mass	873:881	body mass	873:881	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	6	48	theme	2.5	855:857	arg1	%					858:858	%	858:858	%	858:858	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	4	49	theme	Such	402:405	arg1	changes					407:413	Such changes	402:413	Such changes	402:413	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	10	50	theme	mass	1319:1322	arg1	increase					1324:1331	a mean body mass increase	1307:1331	a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1)	1307:1353	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	5	51	theme	dehydration	617:627	arg1	effect					586:591	the effect	582:591	the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition	582:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	2	52	theme	water	281:285	arg1	loss					287:290	metabolic water loss	271:290	metabolic water loss	271:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	10	53	dep	induced	1299:1305	arg1	2.9					1397:1399	2.9	1397:1399	2.9	1397:1399	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	7	54	theme	48-h	1034:1037	arg1	period					1039:1044	a 48-h period	1032:1044	a 48-h period	1032:1044	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	6	55	theme	70	778:779	arg1	%					780:780	%	780:780	%	780:780	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	11	56	theme	total	1416:1420	arg1	mass					1426:1429	total fat mass	1416:1429	total fat mass	1416:1429	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	9	57	dep	decreased	1245:1253	arg1	-2.4					1268:1271	-2.4	1268:1271	-2.4	1268:1271	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	10	58	theme	body	1314:1317	arg1	increase					1324:1331	a mean body mass increase	1307:1331	a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1)	1307:1353	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	5	59	theme	DXA-based	674:682	arg1	measurement					684:694	DXA-based measurement	674:694	DXA-based measurement of body composition	674:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	9	60	theme	body	1176:1179	arg1	mass					1181:1184	mean body mass	1171:1184	mean body mass	1171:1184	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	6	61	theme	adult	739:743	arg1	males					759:763	Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	725:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	717:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	4	62	theme	tissues	455:461	arg1	measurement					431:441	the measurement	427:441	the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM),	427:494	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	5	63	theme	composition	704:714	arg1	measurement					684:694	DXA-based measurement	674:694	DXA-based measurement of body composition	674:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	7	64	theme	8-12 g/kg	990:998	arg1	diet					984:987	a high carbohydrate diet	964:987	a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day)	964:1013	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	7	64	theme	8-12 g/kg	990:998	arg1	mass/day					1005:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	2	65	theme	thermal	211:217	arg1	sweating					219:226	thermal sweating	211:226	thermal sweating	211:226	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	7	66	theme	carbohydrate	971:982	arg1	diet					984:987	a high carbohydrate diet	964:987	a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day)	964:1013	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	7	66	theme	carbohydrate	971:982	arg1	mass/day					1005:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	8-12 g/kg body mass/day	990:1012	Participants subsequently underwent a glycogen supercompensation phase, whereby a high carbohydrate diet (8-12 g/kg body mass/day) was consumed for a 48-h period.
28204901	6	67	theme	body	873:876	arg1	mass					878:881	body mass	873:881	body mass	873:881	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	10	68	theme	mean	1309:1312	arg1	increase					1324:1331	a mean body mass increase	1307:1331	a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1)	1307:1353	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	5	69	theme	supercompensation	653:669	arg1	effect					586:591	the effect	582:591	the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition	582:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	2	70	theme	glycogen	248:255	arg1	depletion					257:265	hepatic glycogen depletion	240:265	hepatic glycogen depletion	240:265	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	71	from	depletion	257:265	arg1	changes					178:184	changes	178:184	changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	178:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	71	from	depletion	257:265	arg1	water					200:204	total body water	189:204	total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	189:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	0	72	theme	lean	53:56	arg1	mass					65:68	lean tissue mass	53:68	lean tissue mass	53:68	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	0	73	theme	mass	65:68	arg1	measurement					38:48	the measurement	34:48	the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	34:104	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	0	74	from	effect	4:9	arg1	measurement					38:48	the measurement	34:48	the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	34:104	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	13	75	theme	status	1759:1764	arg1	observation					1721:1731	strict observation	1714:1731	strict observation of hydration and glycogen status	1714:1764	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	0	76	theme	dual-energy	73:83	arg1	absorptiometry					91:104	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	73:104	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	73:104	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	12	77	theme	dehydration	1538:1548	arg1	regimens					1564:1571	dehydration and nutrition regimens	1538:1571	dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA	1538:1662	CONCLUSIONS Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA.
28204901	4	78	theme	lean	472:475	arg1	LTM					490:492	LTM	490:492	LTM	490:492	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	4	78	theme	lean	472:475	arg1	mass					484:487	lean tissue mass	472:487	lean tissue mass (LTM)	472:493	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	13	79	theme	strict	1714:1719	arg1	observation					1721:1731	strict observation	1714:1731	strict observation of hydration and glycogen status	1714:1764	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	3	80	theme	substrate	340:348	arg1	repletion					350:358	substrate repletion	340:358	substrate repletion	340:358	Recovery from exercise results in rehydration, substrate repletion, and possible glycogen supercompensation.
28204901	9	81	dep	-2.4	1268:1271	arg1	-1.0					1274:1277	-1.0	1274:1277	-1.0	1274:1277	RESULTS Following exercise, mean body mass decreased by -1.93 kg (95% CI -2.3, -1.5), while total LTM decreased by -1.69 kg (-2.4, -1.0).
28204901	2	82	from	sweating	219:226	arg1	changes					178:184	changes	178:184	changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	178:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	82	from	sweating	219:226	arg1	water					200:204	total body water	189:204	total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	189:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	13	83	theme	LTM	1689:1691	arg1	measurement					1674:1684	Accurate measurement	1665:1684	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes	1665:1703	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	0	84	theme	hydration	14:22	arg1	status					24:29	hydration status	14:29	hydration status	14:29	The effect of hydration status on the measurement of lean tissue mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
28204901	2	85	from	muscle	229:234	arg1	changes					178:184	changes	178:184	changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	178:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	2	85	from	muscle	229:234	arg1	water					200:204	total body water	189:204	total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	189:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	3	86	theme	possible	365:372	arg1	supercompensation					383:399	possible glycogen supercompensation	365:399	possible glycogen supercompensation	365:399	Recovery from exercise results in rehydration, substrate repletion, and possible glycogen supercompensation.
28204901	10	87	theme	LTM	1367:1369	arg1	increase					1371:1378	a total LTM increase	1359:1378	a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg	1359:1389	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	10	88	dep	2.53 kg	1336:1342	arg1	3.1					1350:1352	3.1	1350:1352	3.1	1350:1352	Supercompensation induced a mean body mass increase of 2.53 kg (2.0, 3.1) and a total LTM increase of 2.36 kg (1.8, 2.9).
28204901	5	89	from	effect	586:591	arg1	measurement					684:694	DXA-based measurement	674:694	DXA-based measurement of body composition	674:714	The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise and thermal dehydration and subsequent glycogen supercompensation on DXA-based measurement of body composition.
28204901	4	90	theme	dual-energy	499:509	arg1	DXA					533:535	DXA	533:535	DXA	533:535	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	4	90	theme	dual-energy	499:509	arg1	absorptiometry					517:530	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	499:530	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)	499:536	Such changes may corrupt the measurement of hydrated tissues, such as lean tissue mass (LTM), by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
28204901	6	91	theme	18-29 years	746:756	arg1	males					759:763	Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	725:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	717:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	8	92	theme	Whole-body	1047:1056	arg1	measurement					1062:1072	Whole-body DXA measurement	1047:1072	Whole-body DXA measurement	1047:1072	Whole-body DXA measurement was performed at baseline, following exercise and supercompensation.
28204901	11	93	theme	fat	1422:1424	arg1	mass					1426:1429	total fat mass	1416:1429	total fat mass	1416:1429	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28204901	2	94	theme	total	189:193	arg1	water					200:204	total body water	189:204	total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss	189:290	Exercise invokes changes in total body water from thermal sweating, muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion and metabolic water loss.
28204901	12	95	theme	LTM	1641:1643	arg1	measurement					1645:1655	LTM measurement	1641:1655	LTM measurement by DXA	1641:1662	CONCLUSIONS Training regimens that typically induce dehydration and nutrition regimens that involve carbohydrate loading can result in apparent changes to LTM measurement by DXA.
28204901	6	96	dep	METHODS	717:723	arg1	males					759:763	Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	725:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males	717:763	METHODS Twelve active adult (18-29 years) males exercised at 70% VO2max on a cycle ergometer in a thermal environment (30 °C) to induce a 2.5% reduction in body mass.
28204901	13	97	theme	Accurate	1665:1672	arg1	measurement					1674:1684	Accurate measurement	1665:1684	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes	1665:1703	Accurate measurement of LTM in athletes requires strict observation of hydration and glycogen status to prevent manipulation of results.
28204901	11	98	theme	mineral	1439:1445	arg1	content					1447:1453	bone mineral content	1434:1453	bone mineral content	1434:1453	No change in total fat mass or bone mineral content was observed at any timepoint.
28761980	3	0	theme	acetate	634:640	arg1	ratio					625:629	the ratio	621:629	the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	621:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	2	1	theme	rumen	550:554	arg1	pH					556:557	the rumen pH	546:557	the rumen pH	546:557	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	1	2	from	effect	158:163	arg1	composition					297:307	the composition	293:307	the composition of the ruminal bacterial community	293:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	2	from	effect	158:163	arg1	profiles					219:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	2	from	effect	158:163	arg1	accumulation					233:244	the accumulation	229:244	the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines	229:286	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	2	3	theme	ammonia-nitrogen	524:539	arg1	production					436:445	the total gas production	422:445	the total gas production	422:445	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	3	theme	ammonia-nitrogen	524:539	arg1	concentrations					452:465	the concentrations	448:465	the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen	448:539	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	3	theme	ammonia-nitrogen	524:539	arg1	pH					556:557	the rumen pH	546:557	the rumen pH	546:557	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	6	4	theme	Treponema	1176:1184	arg1	percentage					1144:1153	the percentage	1140:1153	the percentage of Succinivibrio and Treponema (P < 0.05)	1140:1195	At the genus level, DF decreased the percentage of Ruminobacter, while increasing the percentage of Succinivibrio and Treponema (P < 0.05).
28761980	2	5	theme	volatile	498:505	arg1	acids					513:517	total volatile fatty acids	492:517	total volatile fatty acids	492:517	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	4	6	theme	Principal	784:792	arg1	analysis					806:813	Principal coordinates analysis	784:813	Principal coordinates analysis	784:813	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	8	7	theme	subacute	1365:1372	arg1	acidosis					1380:1387	subacute rumen acidosis	1365:1387	subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows	1365:1401	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	3	8	theme	tyramine	763:770	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	8	theme	tyramine	763:770	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	0	9	theme	Lipopolysaccharide	79:96	arg1	Fermentation					47:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	9	theme	Lipopolysaccharide	79:96	arg1	Production					65:74	The Production	61:74	The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines	61:116	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	9	theme	Lipopolysaccharide	79:96	arg1	Community					143:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	10	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Fermentation					47:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	10	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Production					65:74	The Production	61:74	The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines	61:116	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	10	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Community					143:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	3	11	theme	histamine	748:756	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	11	theme	histamine	748:756	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	4	12	theme	ruminal	874:880	arg1	community					892:900	the ruminal bacterial community	870:900	the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05)	870:911	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	4	12	theme	ruminal	874:880	arg1	P < 0.05					903:910	P < 0.05	903:910	P < 0.05	903:910	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	5	13	theme	Spirochaetae	1015:1026	arg1	proportions					1000:1010	the proportions	996:1010	the proportions of Spirochaetae and Elusimicrobia (P < 0.05)	996:1055	At the phylum level, DF decreased the proportion of Proteobacteria, and increased the proportions of Spirochaetae and Elusimicrobia (P < 0.05).
28761980	0	14	theme	Biogenic	102:109	arg1	Amines					111:116	Biogenic Amines	102:116	Biogenic Amines	102:116	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	1	15	theme	ruminal	316:322	arg1	community					334:342	the ruminal bacterial community	312:342	the ruminal bacterial community	312:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	2	16	theme	24 h	567:570	arg1	fermentation					572:583	a 24 h fermentation	565:583	a 24 h fermentation	565:583	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	4	17	theme	coordinates	794:804	arg1	analysis					806:813	Principal coordinates analysis	784:813	Principal coordinates analysis	784:813	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	8	18	theme	dairy	1392:1396	arg1	cows					1398:1401	dairy cows	1392:1401	dairy cows	1392:1401	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	1	19	theme	bacterial	324:332	arg1	community					334:342	the ruminal bacterial community	312:342	the ruminal bacterial community	312:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	2	20	theme	gas	432:434	arg1	production					436:445	the total gas production	422:445	the total gas production	422:445	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	21	theme	propionate	470:479	arg1	production					436:445	the total gas production	422:445	the total gas production	422:445	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	21	theme	propionate	470:479	arg1	concentrations					452:465	the concentrations	448:465	the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen	448:539	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	21	theme	propionate	470:479	arg1	pH					556:557	the rumen pH	546:557	the rumen pH	546:557	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	22	theme	DF	409:410	arg1	addition					397:404	The addition	393:404	The addition of DF	393:410	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	1	23	theme	community	334:342	arg1	composition					297:307	the composition	293:307	the composition of the ruminal bacterial community	293:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	23	theme	community	334:342	arg1	profiles					219:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	23	theme	community	334:342	arg1	accumulation					233:244	the accumulation	229:244	the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines	229:286	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	4	24	theme	bacterial	882:890	arg1	community					892:900	the ruminal bacterial community	870:900	the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05)	870:911	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	4	24	theme	bacterial	882:890	arg1	P < 0.05					903:910	P < 0.05	903:910	P < 0.05	903:910	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	4	25	theme	molecular	819:827	arg1	analysis					838:845	molecular variance analysis	819:845	molecular variance analysis	819:845	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	26	theme	lactate	682:688	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	26	theme	lactate	682:688	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	6	27	theme	Succinivibrio	1158:1170	arg1	percentage					1144:1153	the percentage	1140:1153	the percentage of Succinivibrio and Treponema (P < 0.05)	1140:1195	At the genus level, DF decreased the percentage of Ruminobacter, while increasing the percentage of Succinivibrio and Treponema (P < 0.05).
28761980	1	28	theme	disodium	168:175	arg1	DF					187:188	DF	187:188	DF	187:188	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	28	theme	disodium	168:175	arg1	fumarate					177:184	disodium fumarate	168:184	disodium fumarate (DF)	168:189	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	0	29	theme	Fumarate	20:27	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community	0:151	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	1	30	theme	lipopolysaccharide	249:266	arg1	composition					297:307	the composition	293:307	the composition of the ruminal bacterial community	293:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	30	theme	lipopolysaccharide	249:266	arg1	profiles					219:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	30	theme	lipopolysaccharide	249:266	arg1	accumulation					233:244	the accumulation	229:244	the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines	229:286	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	2	31	theme	fatty	507:511	arg1	acids					513:517	total volatile fatty acids	492:517	total volatile fatty acids	492:517	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	6	32	theme	genus	1065:1069	arg1	level					1071:1075	the genus level	1061:1075	the genus level	1061:1075	At the genus level, DF decreased the percentage of Ruminobacter, while increasing the percentage of Succinivibrio and Treponema (P < 0.05).
28761980	1	33	theme	fumarate	177:184	arg1	effect					158:163	The effect	154:163	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community	154:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	0	34	theme	Disodium	11:18	arg1	Fumarate					20:27	Disodium Fumarate	11:27	Disodium Fumarate	11:27	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	35	theme	Amines	111:116	arg1	Fermentation					47:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	35	theme	Amines	111:116	arg1	Production					65:74	The Production	61:74	The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines	61:116	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	35	theme	Amines	111:116	arg1	Community					143:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	0	36	theme	In	32:33	arg1	Fermentation					47:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	2	37	theme	total	492:496	arg1	acids					513:517	total volatile fatty acids	492:517	total volatile fatty acids	492:517	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	7	38	theme	several	1296:1302	arg1	compounds					1310:1318	several toxic compounds	1296:1318	several toxic compounds	1296:1318	Overall, the results indicate that DF modified rumen fermentation and mitigated the production of several toxic compounds.
28761980	2	39	theme	total	426:430	arg1	production					436:445	the total gas production	422:445	the total gas production	422:445	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	3	40	theme	methylamine	711:721	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	40	theme	methylamine	711:721	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	41	theme	lipopolysaccharide	691:708	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	41	theme	lipopolysaccharide	691:708	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	42	theme	tryptamine	724:733	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	42	theme	tryptamine	724:733	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	4	43	theme	variance	829:836	arg1	analysis					838:845	molecular variance analysis	819:845	molecular variance analysis	819:845	Principal coordinates analysis and molecular variance analysis showed that DF altered the ruminal bacterial community (P < 0.05).
28761980	0	44	theme	Rumen	41:45	arg1	Fermentation					47:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	In Vitro Rumen Fermentation	32:58	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	2	45	theme	valerate	482:489	arg1	production					436:445	the total gas production	422:445	the total gas production	422:445	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	45	theme	valerate	482:489	arg1	concentrations					452:465	the concentrations	448:465	the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen	448:539	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	45	theme	valerate	482:489	arg1	pH					556:557	the rumen pH	546:557	the rumen pH	546:557	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	0	46	theme	Bacterial	133:141	arg1	Community					143:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	1	47	theme	in	364:365	arg1	fermentation					379:390	in vitro rumen fermentation	364:390	in vitro rumen fermentation	364:390	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	0	48	dep	In	32:33	arg1	Vitro					35:39	Vitro	35:39	Vitro	35:39	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	5	49	theme	Elusimicrobia	1032:1044	arg1	proportions					1000:1010	the proportions	996:1010	the proportions of Spirochaetae and Elusimicrobia (P < 0.05)	996:1055	At the phylum level, DF decreased the proportion of Proteobacteria, and increased the proportions of Spirochaetae and Elusimicrobia (P < 0.05).
28761980	8	50	dep	potential	1340:1348	arg1	improving					1411:1419	improving	1411:1419	improving the health of ruminants	1411:1443	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	8	50	dep	potential	1340:1348	arg1	preventing					1354:1363	preventing	1354:1363	preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows	1354:1401	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	1	51	theme	bioamines	278:286	arg1	composition					297:307	the composition	293:307	the composition of the ruminal bacterial community	293:342	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	51	theme	bioamines	278:286	arg1	profiles					219:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	1	51	theme	bioamines	278:286	arg1	accumulation					233:244	the accumulation	229:244	the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines	229:286	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	0	52	theme	Rumen	127:131	arg1	Community					143:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	The Rumen Bacterial Community	123:151	Effects of Disodium Fumarate on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, The Production of Lipopolysaccharide and Biogenic Amines, and The Rumen Bacterial Community.
28761980	5	53	theme	Proteobacteria	966:979	arg1	proportion					952:961	the proportion	948:961	the proportion of Proteobacteria	948:979	At the phylum level, DF decreased the proportion of Proteobacteria, and increased the proportions of Spirochaetae and Elusimicrobia (P < 0.05).
28761980	8	54	theme	rumen	1374:1378	arg1	acidosis					1380:1387	subacute rumen acidosis	1365:1387	subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows	1365:1401	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	8	55	theme	great	1334:1338	arg1	potential					1340:1348	great potential	1334:1348	great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants	1334:1443	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	1	56	theme	rumen	373:377	arg1	fermentation					379:390	in vitro rumen fermentation	364:390	in vitro rumen fermentation	364:390	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	7	57	theme	toxic	1304:1308	arg1	compounds					1310:1318	several toxic compounds	1296:1318	several toxic compounds	1296:1318	Overall, the results indicate that DF modified rumen fermentation and mitigated the production of several toxic compounds.
28761980	7	58	theme	compounds	1310:1318	arg1	production					1282:1291	the production	1278:1291	the production of several toxic compounds	1278:1318	Overall, the results indicate that DF modified rumen fermentation and mitigated the production of several toxic compounds.
28761980	3	59	theme	putrescine	736:745	arg1	propionate					645:654	propionate	645:654	propionate	645:654	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	3	59	theme	putrescine	736:745	arg1	concentrations					664:677	the concentrations	660:677	the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05)	660:781	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	2	60	theme	acids	513:517	arg1	production					436:445	the total gas production	422:445	the total gas production	422:445	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	60	theme	acids	513:517	arg1	concentrations					452:465	the concentrations	448:465	the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen	448:539	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	2	60	theme	acids	513:517	arg1	pH					556:557	the rumen pH	546:557	the rumen pH	546:557	The addition of DF increased the total gas production; the concentrations of propionate, valerate, total volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-nitrogen; and the rumen pH after a 24 h fermentation.
28761980	5	61	theme	phylum	921:926	arg1	level					928:932	the phylum level	917:932	the phylum level	917:932	At the phylum level, DF decreased the proportion of Proteobacteria, and increased the proportions of Spirochaetae and Elusimicrobia (P < 0.05).
28761980	1	62	dep	in	364:365	arg1	vitro					367:371	vitro	367:371	vitro	367:371	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	8	63	from	acidosis	1380:1387	arg1	cows					1398:1401	dairy cows	1392:1401	dairy cows	1392:1401	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	3	64	theme	DF	599:600	arg1	addition					602:609	DF addition	599:609	DF addition	599:609	By contrast, DF addition decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate and the concentrations of lactate, lipopolysaccharide, methylamine, tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine (P < 0.05).
28761980	6	65	theme	Ruminobacter	1109:1120	arg1	percentage					1095:1104	the percentage	1091:1104	the percentage of Ruminobacter	1091:1120	At the genus level, DF decreased the percentage of Ruminobacter, while increasing the percentage of Succinivibrio and Treponema (P < 0.05).
28761980	8	66	theme	ruminants	1435:1443	arg1	health					1425:1430	the health	1421:1430	the health of ruminants	1421:1443	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	7	67	theme	rumen	1245:1249	arg1	fermentation					1251:1262	rumen fermentation	1245:1262	rumen fermentation	1245:1262	Overall, the results indicate that DF modified rumen fermentation and mitigated the production of several toxic compounds.
28761980	1	68	theme	ruminal	198:204	arg1	profiles					219:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
28761980	8	69	contain	has	1330:1332	arg2	potential					1340:1348	great potential	1334:1348	great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants	1334:1443	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	8	69	contain	has	1330:1332	arg1	DF					1327:1328	DF	1327:1328	DF	1327:1328	Thus, DF has great potential for preventing subacute rumen acidosis in dairy cows and for improving the health of ruminants.
28761980	1	70	theme	fermentation	206:217	arg1	profiles					219:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	the ruminal fermentation profiles	194:226	The effect of disodium fumarate (DF) on the ruminal fermentation profiles, the accumulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bioamines, and the composition of the ruminal bacterial community was investigated by in vitro rumen fermentation.
26524470	0	0	theme	cocktail	95:102	arg1	composition					104:114	cocktail composition	95:114	cocktail composition	95:114	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose integrating substrate morphology and cocktail composition.
26524470	4	1	theme	enzymes	699:705	arg1	adsorption					648:657	adsorption	648:657	adsorption	648:657	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	4	1	theme	enzymes	699:705	arg1	parameters					671:680	kinetic parameters	663:680	kinetic parameters	663:680	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	4	2	theme	operating	572:580	arg1	conditions					582:591	operating conditions	572:591	operating conditions	572:591	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	5	3	theme	Model	708:712	arg1	predictions					714:724	Model predictions	708:724	Model predictions on short hydrolysis times	708:750	Model predictions on short hydrolysis times were very satisfactory.
26524470	7	4	theme	chain	962:966	arg1	distribution					975:986	chain length distribution	962:986	chain length distribution	962:986	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	7	4	theme	chain	962:966	arg1	parameters					950:959	initial substrate parameters	932:959	initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree)	932:1010	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	4	5	theme	different	689:697	arg1	enzymes					699:705	the different enzymes	685:705	the different enzymes	685:705	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	5	6	theme	short	729:733	arg1	times					746:750	short hydrolysis times	729:750	short hydrolysis times	729:750	Model predictions on short hydrolysis times were very satisfactory.
26524470	7	7	theme	length	968:973	arg1	distribution					975:986	chain length distribution	962:986	chain length distribution	962:986	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	7	7	theme	length	968:973	arg1	parameters					950:959	initial substrate parameters	932:959	initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree)	932:1010	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	2	8	theme	enzymes	303:309	arg1	behavior					282:289	The individual behavior	267:289	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects,	267:420	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	9	9	dep	tool	1189:1192	arg1	understand					1204:1213	understand	1204:1213	to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	1194:1274	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	9	9	dep	tool	1189:1192	arg1	determine					1283:1291	determine	1283:1291	to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design	1280:1341	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	5	10	theme	hydrolysis	735:744	arg1	times					746:750	short hydrolysis times	729:750	short hydrolysis times	729:750	Model predictions on short hydrolysis times were very satisfactory.
26524470	9	11	theme	optimal	1293:1299	arg1	cocktails					1314:1322	optimal cellulolytic cocktails	1293:1322	optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design	1293:1341	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	9	12	theme	process	1328:1334	arg1	design					1336:1341	process design	1328:1341	process design	1328:1341	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	7	13	theme	parameters	950:959	arg1	impact					903:908	the impact	899:908	the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis	899:1024	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	2	14	theme	main	298:301	arg1	enzymes					303:309	the main enzymes	294:309	the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects,	294:420	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	4	15	dep	enzymes	551:557	arg1	mixtures					559:566	mixtures	559:566	mixtures	559:566	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	6	16	theme	deactivation	795:806	arg1	constant					808:815	a deactivation constant	793:815	a deactivation constant	793:815	On longer times, a deactivation constant was added to represent the hydrolysis slowdown.
26524470	7	17	dep	enzymes	913:919	arg1	ratios					921:926	ratios	921:926	ratios	921:926	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	5	18	from	predictions	714:724	arg1	times					746:750	short hydrolysis times	729:750	short hydrolysis times	729:750	Model predictions on short hydrolysis times were very satisfactory.
26524470	7	19	theme	parameters	1064:1073	arg1	evolution					1045:1053	the evolution	1041:1053	the evolution of these parameters	1041:1073	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	2	20	dep	reaction	327:334	arg1	endoglucanases					357:370	endoglucanases	357:370	endoglucanases	357:370	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	2	20	dep	reaction	327:334	arg1	β-glucosidases					377:390	β-glucosidases	377:390	β-glucosidases	377:390	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	2	20	dep	reaction	327:334	arg1	cellobiohydrolases					337:354	cellobiohydrolases	337:354	cellobiohydrolases	337:354	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	9	21	theme	useful	1182:1187	arg1	tool					1189:1192	a useful tool	1180:1192	a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design	1180:1341	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	9	21	theme	useful	1182:1187	arg1	It					1174:1175	It	1174:1175	It	1174:1175	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	7	22	theme	substrate	940:948	arg1	distribution					975:986	chain length distribution	962:986	chain length distribution	962:986	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	7	22	theme	substrate	940:948	arg1	parameters					950:959	initial substrate parameters	932:959	initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree)	932:1010	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	9	23	theme	cellulolytic	1301:1312	arg1	cocktails					1314:1322	optimal cellulolytic cocktails	1293:1322	optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design	1293:1341	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	0	24	theme	Mechanistic	0:10	arg1	modeling					12:19	Mechanistic modeling	0:19	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	0:56	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose integrating substrate morphology and cocktail composition.
26524470	4	25	theme	different	541:549	arg1	enzymes					551:557	different enzymes	541:557	different enzymes	541:557	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	7	26	from	impact	903:908	arg1	hydrolysis					1015:1024	hydrolysis	1015:1024	hydrolysis	1015:1024	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	7	27	dep	distribution	975:986	arg1	degree					1004:1009	polymerization degree	989:1009	polymerization degree	989:1009	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	1	28	theme	cellulosic	203:212	arg1	particles					214:222	the cellulosic particles	199:222	the cellulosic particles	199:222	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	0	29	theme	enzymatic	24:32	arg1	hydrolysis					34:43	enzymatic hydrolysis	24:43	enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	24:56	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose integrating substrate morphology and cocktail composition.
26524470	6	30	theme	longer	779:784	arg1	times					786:790	longer times	779:790	longer times	779:790	On longer times, a deactivation constant was added to represent the hydrolysis slowdown.
26524470	1	31	theme	particles	214:222	arg1	morphology					185:194	the morphology	181:194	the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time	181:250	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	1	32	with	evolution	232:240	arg1	time					247:250	time	247:250	time	247:250	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	1	33	theme	mechanistic	119:129	arg1	model					131:135	A mechanistic model	117:135	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time	117:250	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	3	34	theme	experimental	459:470	arg1	tests					472:476	experimental tests	459:476	experimental tests	459:476	A large panel of experimental tests was done to fit and validate the model.
26524470	1	35	with	particles	214:222	arg1	time					247:250	time	247:250	time	247:250	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	8	36	from	impact	1128:1133	arg1	hydrolysis					1162:1171	hydrolysis	1162:1171	hydrolysis	1162:1171	This model revealed general trends on the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis.
26524470	4	37	theme	kinetic	663:669	arg1	parameters					671:680	kinetic parameters	663:680	kinetic parameters	663:680	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	3	38	theme	large	444:448	arg1	panel					450:454	A large panel	442:454	A large panel of experimental tests	442:476	A large panel of experimental tests was done to fit and validate the model.
26524470	0	39	theme	hydrolysis	34:43	arg1	modeling					12:19	Mechanistic modeling	0:19	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	0:56	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose integrating substrate morphology and cocktail composition.
26524470	2	40	theme	synergy	405:411	arg1	effects					413:419	synergy effects	405:419	synergy effects	405:419	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	8	41	theme	morphology	1148:1157	arg1	impact					1128:1133	the impact	1124:1133	the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis	1124:1171	This model revealed general trends on the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis.
26524470	0	42	theme	cellulose	48:56	arg1	hydrolysis					34:43	enzymatic hydrolysis	24:43	enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	24:56	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose integrating substrate morphology and cocktail composition.
26524470	6	43	theme	hydrolysis	844:853	arg1	slowdown					855:862	the hydrolysis slowdown	840:862	the hydrolysis slowdown	840:862	On longer times, a deactivation constant was added to represent the hydrolysis slowdown.
26524470	9	44	theme	enzymatic	1242:1250	arg1	hydrolysis					1252:1261	enzymatic hydrolysis	1242:1261	enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	1242:1274	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	7	45	theme	initial	932:938	arg1	distribution					975:986	chain length distribution	962:986	chain length distribution	962:986	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	7	45	theme	initial	932:938	arg1	parameters					950:959	initial substrate parameters	932:959	initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree)	932:1010	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	1	46	theme	enzymatic	140:148	arg1	hydrolysis					150:159	enzymatic hydrolysis	140:159	enzymatic hydrolysis	140:159	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	7	47	theme	enzymes	913:919	arg1	impact					903:908	the impact	899:908	the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis	899:1024	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	8	48	from	trends	1114:1119	arg1	impact					1128:1133	the impact	1124:1133	the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis	1124:1171	This model revealed general trends on the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis.
26524470	8	49	theme	general	1106:1112	arg1	trends					1114:1119	general trends	1106:1119	general trends on the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis	1106:1171	This model revealed general trends on the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis.
26524470	2	50	theme	individual	271:280	arg1	behavior					282:289	The individual behavior	267:289	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects,	267:420	The individual behavior of the main enzymes involved in the reaction (cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), as well as synergy effects, were also included.
26524470	7	51	theme	polymerization	989:1002	arg1	degree					1004:1009	polymerization degree	989:1009	polymerization degree	989:1009	The model also allowed to predict the impact of enzymes ratios and initial substrate parameters (chain length distribution, polymerization degree) on hydrolysis, and to follow the evolution of these parameters with time.
26524470	1	52	theme	hydrolysis	150:159	arg1	model					131:135	A mechanistic model	117:135	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time	117:250	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	3	53	theme	tests	472:476	arg1	panel					450:454	A large panel	442:454	A large panel of experimental tests	442:476	A large panel of experimental tests was done to fit and validate the model.
26524470	1	54	theme	evolution	232:240	arg1	morphology					185:194	the morphology	181:194	the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time	181:250	A mechanistic model of enzymatic hydrolysis taking into account the morphology of the cellulosic particles and its evolution with time was developed.
26524470	0	55	theme	substrate	70:78	arg1	morphology					80:89	substrate morphology	70:89	substrate morphology	70:89	Mechanistic modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose integrating substrate morphology and cocktail composition.
26524470	9	56	theme	cellulose	1266:1274	arg1	hydrolysis					1252:1261	enzymatic hydrolysis	1242:1261	enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose	1242:1274	It is a useful tool to better understand the mechanisms involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and to determine optimal cellulolytic cocktails for process design.
26524470	4	57	dep	adsorption	648:657	arg1	the					644:646	the	644:646	the	644:646	This database included different enzymes mixtures and operating conditions and allowed to determine and compare with accuracy the adsorption and kinetic parameters of the different enzymes.
26524470	8	58	theme	cellulose	1138:1146	arg1	morphology					1148:1157	cellulose morphology	1138:1157	cellulose morphology	1138:1157	This model revealed general trends on the impact of cellulose morphology on hydrolysis.
24763604	4	0	theme	%	473:473	arg1	similarity					475:484	94.0% similarity	469:484	94.0% similarity	469:484	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	4	0	theme	%	473:473	arg1	Glaciecola					455:464	the genus Glaciecola	445:464	the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity)	445:485	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	4	1	theme	genus	449:453	arg1	similarity					475:484	94.0% similarity	469:484	94.0% similarity	469:484	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	4	1	theme	genus	449:453	arg1	Glaciecola					455:464	the genus Glaciecola	445:464	the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity)	445:485	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	11	2	theme	Agaribacter	1097:1107	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	2	theme	Agaribacter	1097:1107	arg1	strain					1087:1092	The type strain	1078:1092	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus	1078:1115	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	3	3	theme	agar-degrading	262:275	arg1	activity					277:284	agar-degrading activity	262:284	agar-degrading activity	262:284	The strain exhibited agar-degrading activity.
24763604	2	4	theme	Gram-stain-negative	94:112	arg1	bacterium					155:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium	92:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium	92:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	4	theme	Gram-stain-negative	94:112	arg1	8-8					173:175	strain 8-8	166:175	strain 8-8(T)	166:178	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	8	5	theme	major	863:867	arg1	quinone					869:875	The major quinone	859:875	The major quinone	859:875	The major quinone was Q-8.
24763604	8	5	theme	major	863:867	arg1	Q-8					881:883	Q-8	881:883	Q-8	881:883	The major quinone was Q-8.
24763604	9	6	theme	chemotaxonomic	928:941	arg1	data					943:946	phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data	902:946	phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data	902:946	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	2	7	attach	isolated	185:192	arg2	8-8					173:175	strain 8-8	166:175	strain 8-8(T)	166:178	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	7	attach	isolated	185:192	arg1	seawater					207:214	surface seawater	199:214	surface seawater	199:214	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	7	attach	isolated	185:192	arg2	bacterium					155:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium	92:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium	92:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	6	8	theme	C12	646:648	arg1	3-OH					654:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	8	theme	C12	646:648	arg1	acid					637:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	9	dep	C16	550:552	arg1	1ω7c					556:559	1ω7c	556:559	1ω7c	556:559	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	9	dep	C16	550:552	arg1	C18					598:600	C18	598:600	C18	598:600	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	9	dep	C16	550:552	arg1	 0					591:592	 0	591:592	 0	591:592	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	9	dep	C16	550:552	arg1	C16 					586:589	C16 	586:589	C16 	586:589	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	9	dep	C16	550:552	arg1	iso-C15					568:574	iso-C15	568:574	iso-C15	568:574	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	10	theme	fatty	533:537	arg1	C16					550:552	C16	550:552	C16	550:552	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	10	theme	fatty	533:537	arg1	acids					539:543	The major fatty acids	523:543	The major fatty acids	523:543	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	9	11	theme	genotypic	914:922	arg1	data					943:946	phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data	902:946	phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data	902:946	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	6	12	theme	hydroxy	623:629	arg1	3-OH					654:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	12	theme	hydroxy	623:629	arg1	acid					637:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	7	13	theme	minor	841:845	arg1	lysophosphatidylethanolamine					768:795	lysophosphatidylethanolamine	768:795	lysophosphatidylethanolamine	768:795	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	13	theme	minor	841:845	arg1	components					847:856	minor components	841:856	minor components	841:856	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	13	theme	minor	841:845	arg1	lipids					820:825	unidentified polar lipids	801:825	unidentified polar lipids	801:825	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	1	14	theme	agar-degrading	44:57	arg1	bacterium					59:67	an agar-degrading bacterium	41:67	an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater	41:89	nov., an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater.
24763604	1	14	theme	agar-degrading	44:57	arg1	nov.					35:38	nov.	35:38	nov.	35:38	nov., an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater.
24763604	9	15	theme	strain	949:954	arg1	8-8					956:958	strain 8-8	949:958	strain 8-8(T)	949:961	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	15	theme	strain	949:954	arg1	T					960:960	T	960:960	T	960:960	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	16	theme	gen.	1045:1048	arg1	nov.					1050:1053	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1025:1053	the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1016:1053	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	4	17	theme	rRNA	322:325	arg1	sequences					332:340	16S rRNA gene sequences	318:340	16S rRNA gene sequences	318:340	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	11	18	theme	NBRC	1131:1134	arg1	28167					1152:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167	1128:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)	1128:1159	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	18	theme	NBRC	1131:1134	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	18	theme	NBRC	1131:1134	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	0	19	theme	marinus	12:18	arg1	nov.					25:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	11	20	theme	LMG	1148:1150	arg1	28167					1152:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167	1128:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)	1128:1159	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	20	theme	LMG	1148:1150	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	20	theme	LMG	1148:1150	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	4	21	theme	16S	318:320	arg1	sequences					332:340	16S rRNA gene sequences	318:340	16S rRNA gene sequences	318:340	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	0	22	theme	Agaribacter	0:10	arg1	nov.					25:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	7	23	theme	polar	814:818	arg1	lysophosphatidylethanolamine					768:795	lysophosphatidylethanolamine	768:795	lysophosphatidylethanolamine	768:795	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	23	theme	polar	814:818	arg1	components					847:856	minor components	841:856	minor components	841:856	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	23	theme	polar	814:818	arg1	lipids					820:825	unidentified polar lipids	801:825	unidentified polar lipids	801:825	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	1	24	theme	surface	74:80	arg1	seawater					82:89	surface seawater	74:89	surface seawater	74:89	nov., an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater.
24763604	7	25	theme	unidentified	742:753	arg1	lipid					761:765	an unidentified polar lipid	739:765	an unidentified polar lipid	739:765	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	4	26	theme	gene	327:330	arg1	sequences					332:340	16S rRNA gene sequences	318:340	16S rRNA gene sequences	318:340	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	11	27	theme	 =	1145:1146	arg1	28167					1152:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167	1128:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)	1128:1159	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	27	theme	 =	1145:1146	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	27	theme	 =	1145:1146	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	0	28	theme	gen.	20:23	arg1	nov.					25:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	6	29	theme	major	617:621	arg1	3-OH					654:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	29	theme	major	617:621	arg1	acid					637:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	7	30	theme	major	664:668	arg1	lipids					676:681	The major polar lipids	660:681	The major polar lipids	660:681	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	30	theme	major	664:668	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					688:711	phosphatidylethanolamine	688:711	phosphatidylethanolamine	688:711	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	11	31	theme	T	1143:1143	arg1	28167					1152:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167	1128:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)	1128:1159	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	31	theme	T	1143:1143	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	31	theme	T	1143:1143	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	7	32	theme	polar	670:674	arg1	lipids					676:681	The major polar lipids	660:681	The major polar lipids	660:681	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	32	theme	polar	670:674	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					688:711	phosphatidylethanolamine	688:711	phosphatidylethanolamine	688:711	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	9	33	dep	name	1020:1023	arg1	nov.					1050:1053	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1025:1053	the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1016:1053	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	2	34	dep	Gram-stain-negative	94:112	arg1	mesophilic					123:132	mesophilic	123:132	mesophilic	123:132	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	34	dep	Gram-stain-negative	94:112	arg1	motile					115:120	motile	115:120	motile	115:120	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	34	dep	Gram-stain-negative	94:112	arg1	rod-shaped					144:153	rod-shaped	144:153	rod-shaped	144:153	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	34	dep	Gram-stain-negative	94:112	arg1	aerobic					135:141	aerobic	135:141	aerobic	135:141	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	11	35	dep	Agaribacter	1097:1107	arg1	marinus					1109:1115	Agaribacter marinus	1097:1115	Agaribacter marinus	1097:1115	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	6	36	theme	fatty	631:635	arg1	3-OH					654:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	C12 : 0 3-OH	646:657	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	36	theme	fatty	631:635	arg1	acid					637:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	the major hydroxy fatty acid	613:640	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	11	37	theme	110023	1136:1141	arg1	28167					1152:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167	1128:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)	1128:1159	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	37	theme	110023	1136:1141	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	37	theme	110023	1136:1141	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	4	38	theme	94.0	469:472	arg1	%					473:473	%	473:473	%	473:473	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	0	39	dep	sp	31:32	arg1	nov.					25:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	0:28	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	4	40	theme	Phylogenetic	287:298	arg1	analyses					300:307	Phylogenetic analyses	287:307	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences	287:340	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	11	41	theme	type	1082:1085	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	41	theme	type	1082:1085	arg1	strain					1087:1092	The type strain	1078:1092	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus	1078:1115	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	5	42	theme	DNA	492:494	arg1	content					500:506	The DNA G+C content	488:506	The DNA G+C content	488:506	The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%.
24763604	5	42	theme	DNA	492:494	arg1	%					520:520	41.8 mol%	512:520	41.8 mol%	512:520	The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%.
24763604	9	43	theme	phenotypic	902:911	arg1	data					943:946	phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data	902:946	phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data	902:946	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	1	44	from	seawater	82:89	arg1	bacterium					59:67	an agar-degrading bacterium	41:67	an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater	41:89	nov., an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater.
24763604	1	44	from	seawater	82:89	arg1	nov.					35:38	nov.	35:38	nov.	35:38	nov., an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater.
24763604	5	45	theme	mol	517:519	arg1	content					500:506	The DNA G+C content	488:506	The DNA G+C content	488:506	The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%.
24763604	5	45	theme	mol	517:519	arg1	%					520:520	41.8 mol%	512:520	41.8 mol%	512:520	The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%.
24763604	9	46	theme	marinus	1037:1043	arg1	nov.					1050:1053	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1025:1053	the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1016:1053	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	5	47	theme	G+C	496:498	arg1	content					500:506	The DNA G+C content	488:506	The DNA G+C content	488:506	The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%.
24763604	5	47	theme	G+C	496:498	arg1	%					520:520	41.8 mol%	512:520	41.8 mol%	512:520	The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%.
24763604	7	48	theme	unidentified	801:812	arg1	lysophosphatidylethanolamine					768:795	lysophosphatidylethanolamine	768:795	lysophosphatidylethanolamine	768:795	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	48	theme	unidentified	801:812	arg1	components					847:856	minor components	841:856	minor components	841:856	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	7	48	theme	unidentified	801:812	arg1	lipids					820:825	unidentified polar lipids	801:825	unidentified polar lipids	801:825	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
24763604	11	49	theme	 =	1128:1129	arg1	28167					1152:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167	1128:1156	 = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)	1128:1159	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	49	theme	 =	1128:1129	arg1	8-8					1120:1122	8-8	1120:1122	8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T))	1120:1160	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	11	49	theme	 =	1128:1129	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8(T) ( = NBRC 110023(T) = LMG 28167(T)).
24763604	4	50	theme	family	381:386	arg1	Alteromonadaceae					388:403	the family Alteromonadaceae	377:403	the family Alteromonadaceae	377:403	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	9	51	theme	novel	976:980	arg1	species					982:988	a novel species	974:988	a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp	974:1057	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	52	theme	new	995:997	arg1	genus					999:1003	a new genus	993:1003	a new genus	993:1003	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	53	theme	Agaribacter	1025:1035	arg1	nov.					1050:1053	Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1025:1053	the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1016:1053	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	2	54	theme	strain	166:171	arg1	bacterium					155:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium	92:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium	92:163	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	54	theme	strain	166:171	arg1	8-8					173:175	strain 8-8	166:175	strain 8-8(T)	166:178	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	54	theme	strain	166:171	arg1	T					177:177	T	177:177	T	177:177	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	2	55	theme	surface	199:205	arg1	seawater					207:214	surface seawater	199:214	surface seawater	199:214	A Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8(T), was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan.
24763604	9	56	theme	genus	999:1003	arg1	species					982:988	a novel species	974:988	a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp	974:1057	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	57	dep	data	943:946	arg1	basis					893:897	basis	893:897	basis	893:897	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	57	dep	data	943:946	arg1	the					889:891	the	889:891	the	889:891	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	9	58	dep	sp	1056:1057	arg1	name					1020:1023	the name	1016:1023	the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov.	1016:1053	On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8(T) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp.
24763604	4	59	theme	Glaciecola	455:464	arg1	members					434:440	members	434:440	members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity)	434:485	Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤ 94.0% similarity).
24763604	6	60	theme	major	527:531	arg1	C16					550:552	C16	550:552	C16	550:552	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	6	60	theme	major	527:531	arg1	acids					539:543	The major fatty acids	523:543	The major fatty acids	523:543	The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH.
24763604	7	61	theme	polar	755:759	arg1	lipid					761:765	an unidentified polar lipid	739:765	an unidentified polar lipid	739:765	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components.
25725578	8	0	theme	obtained	1475:1482	arg1	coefficients					1492:1503	obtained optical coefficients	1475:1503	obtained optical coefficients	1475:1503	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	8	1	theme	new	1581:1583	arg1	access					1596:1601	a new analytical access	1579:1601	a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material	1579:1629	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	4	2	dep	composition	680:690	arg1	the					667:669	the	667:669	the	667:669	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	7	3	from	hydrolysis	1214:1223	arg1	mash					1233:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	3	from	hydrolysis	1214:1223	arg1	milk					1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	6	4	theme	processes	1120:1128	arg1	models					1099:1104	established mechanistic models	1075:1104	established mechanistic models of the chosen processes	1075:1128	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	0	5	theme	Optical	0:6	arg1	monitoring					8:17	Optical monitoring	0:17	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	0:113	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	5	6	theme	chemical	794:801	arg1	processes					819:827	chemical and/or physical processes	794:827	chemical and/or physical processes	794:827	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	4	7	theme	μ	629:629	arg1	coefficients					607:618	reduced scattering coefficients	588:618	reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively)	588:647	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	7	theme	μ	629:629	arg1	s					631:631	μ s	629:631	μ s	629:631	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	3	8	theme	such	535:538	arg1	materials					540:548	such materials	535:548	such materials	535:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	1	9	theme	quantitative	172:183	arg1	analysis					193:200	quantitative optical analysis	172:200	quantitative optical analysis	172:200	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25725578	9	10	theme	special	1643:1649	arg1	relevance					1651:1659	special relevance	1643:1659	special relevance	1643:1659	This is of special relevance as PDW spectroscopy data are obtained without any dilution or calibration, as often found in conventional spectroscopic approaches.
25725578	4	11	theme	scattering	596:605	arg1	coefficients					607:618	reduced scattering coefficients	588:618	reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively)	588:647	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	11	theme	scattering	596:605	arg1	a					623:623	μ a	621:623	μ a	621:623	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	11	theme	scattering	596:605	arg1	s					631:631	μ s	629:631	μ s	629:631	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	11	theme	scattering	596:605	arg1	They					551:554	They	551:554	They	551:554	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	6	12	theme	optical	1024:1030	arg1	coefficients					1032:1043	the resulting optical coefficients	1010:1043	the resulting optical coefficients	1010:1043	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	5	13	theme	PDW	767:769	arg1	spectroscopy					771:782	PDW spectroscopy	767:782	PDW spectroscopy	767:782	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	5	14	theme	analytical	744:753	arg1	technology					755:764	a process analytical technology	734:764	a process analytical technology	734:764	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	9	15	theme	spectroscopy	1668:1679	arg1	data					1681:1684	PDW spectroscopy data	1664:1684	PDW spectroscopy data	1664:1684	This is of special relevance as PDW spectroscopy data are obtained without any dilution or calibration, as often found in conventional spectroscopic approaches.
25725578	1	16	theme	turbid	119:124	arg1	material					142:149	turbid biogenic liquid material	119:149	turbid biogenic liquid material	119:149	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25725578	7	17	from	coagulation	1166:1176	arg1	mash					1233:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	17	from	coagulation	1166:1176	arg1	milk					1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	1	18	theme	liquid	135:140	arg1	material					142:149	turbid biogenic liquid material	119:149	turbid biogenic liquid material	119:149	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25725578	6	19	theme	several	952:958	arg1	bioprocesses					960:971	several bioprocesses	952:971	several bioprocesses	952:971	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	8	20	theme	model	1419:1423	arg1	materials					1425:1433	not well-defined model materials	1402:1433	not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions	1402:1471	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	7	21	theme	donor	1282:1286	arg1	blood					1288:1292	human donor blood	1276:1292	human donor blood	1276:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	3	22	theme	PDW	433:435	arg1	method					471:476	a very promising method	454:476	a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	454:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	3	22	theme	PDW	433:435	arg1	spectroscopy					438:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	0	23	theme	liquid	60:65	arg1	dispersions					67:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	5	24	theme	turbid	841:846	arg1	liquids					857:863	such turbid biogenic liquids	836:863	such turbid biogenic liquids	836:863	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	8	25	theme	polymer	1453:1459	arg1	dispersions					1461:1471	monodisperse polymer dispersions	1440:1471	monodisperse polymer dispersions	1440:1471	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	4	26	theme	physical	696:703	arg1	properties					705:714	physical properties	696:714	physical properties	696:714	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	0	27	theme	Density	89:95	arg1	spectroscopy					102:113	Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	82:113	Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	82:113	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	3	28	theme	Photon	412:417	arg1	method					471:476	a very promising method	454:476	a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	454:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	3	28	theme	Photon	412:417	arg1	spectroscopy					438:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	7	29	theme	human	1276:1280	arg1	blood					1288:1292	human donor blood	1276:1292	human donor blood	1276:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	0	30	from	processes	31:39	arg1	dispersions					67:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	5	31	theme	process	736:742	arg1	technology					755:764	a process analytical technology	734:764	a process analytical technology	734:764	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	8	32	dep	materials	1425:1433	arg1	i.e.					1396:1399	i.e.	1396:1399	i.e.	1396:1399	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	5	33	theme	scientific	880:889	arg1	insight					891:897	new scientific insight	876:897	new scientific insight	876:897	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	9	34	theme	conventional	1754:1765	arg1	approaches					1781:1790	conventional spectroscopic approaches	1754:1790	conventional spectroscopic approaches	1754:1790	This is of special relevance as PDW spectroscopy data are obtained without any dilution or calibration, as often found in conventional spectroscopic approaches.
25725578	2	35	theme	light	393:397	arg1	scattering					379:388	scattering	379:388	absorption as well as scattering of light	357:397	Here, optical attenuation is caused by losses due to absorption as well as scattering of light.
25725578	2	35	theme	light	393:397	arg1	absorption					357:366	absorption	357:366	absorption as well as scattering of light	357:397	Here, optical attenuation is caused by losses due to absorption as well as scattering of light.
25725578	3	36	theme	Wave	427:430	arg1	method					471:476	a very promising method	454:476	a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	454:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	3	36	theme	Wave	427:430	arg1	spectroscopy					438:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	0	37	theme	processes	31:39	arg1	monitoring					8:17	Optical monitoring	0:17	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	0:113	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	4	38	dep	coefficients	607:618	arg1	coefficients					607:618	reduced scattering coefficients	588:618	reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively)	588:647	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	38	dep	coefficients	607:618	arg1	a					623:623	μ a	621:623	μ a	621:623	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	38	dep	coefficients	607:618	arg1	s					631:631	μ s	629:631	μ s	629:631	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	0	39	theme	turbid	44:49	arg1	dispersions					67:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	4	40	theme	sample	723:728	arg1	composition					680:690	chemical composition	671:690	chemical composition	671:690	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	40	theme	sample	723:728	arg1	properties					705:714	physical properties	696:714	physical properties	696:714	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	2	41	theme	optical	310:316	arg1	attenuation					318:328	optical attenuation	310:328	optical attenuation	310:328	Here, optical attenuation is caused by losses due to absorption as well as scattering of light.
25725578	7	42	theme	beer	1228:1231	arg1	mash					1233:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	8	43	theme	relationship	1553:1564	arg1	assessment					1519:1528	the assessment	1515:1528	the assessment of a structure/process relationship	1515:1564	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	8	44	theme	complex	1374:1380	arg1	biomaterials					1382:1393	very complex biomaterials	1369:1393	very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions)	1369:1472	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	2	45	theme	due	350:352	arg1	losses					343:348	losses	343:348	losses due to absorption as well as scattering of light	343:397	Here, optical attenuation is caused by losses due to absorption as well as scattering of light.
25725578	8	46	theme	liquid	1615:1620	arg1	material					1622:1629	biogenic liquid material	1606:1629	biogenic liquid material	1606:1629	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	7	47	theme	casein	1159:1164	arg1	deoxygenation					1259:1271	deoxygenation	1259:1271	deoxygenation of human donor blood	1259:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	47	theme	casein	1159:1164	arg1	coagulation					1166:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation	1149:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation in milk	1149:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	47	theme	casein	1159:1164	arg1	hydrolysis					1214:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis	1187:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash	1187:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	47	theme	casein	1159:1164	arg1	systems					1140:1146	model systems	1134:1146	model systems	1134:1146	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	47	theme	casein	1159:1164	arg1	oxy-					1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	3	48	theme	promising	461:469	arg1	method					471:476	a very promising method	454:476	a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	454:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	3	48	theme	promising	461:469	arg1	spectroscopy					438:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	1	49	theme	light	241:245	arg1	scattering					247:256	multiple light scattering	232:256	multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets	232:301	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25725578	7	50	theme	temperature-induced	1187:1205	arg1	deoxygenation					1259:1271	deoxygenation	1259:1271	deoxygenation of human donor blood	1259:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	50	theme	temperature-induced	1187:1205	arg1	coagulation					1166:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation	1149:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation in milk	1149:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	50	theme	temperature-induced	1187:1205	arg1	hydrolysis					1214:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis	1187:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash	1187:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	50	theme	temperature-induced	1187:1205	arg1	systems					1140:1146	model systems	1134:1146	model systems	1134:1146	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	50	theme	temperature-induced	1187:1205	arg1	oxy-					1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	4	51	attach	linked	657:662	arg2	absorption					573:582	absorption	573:582	absorption	573:582	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	51	attach	linked	657:662	arg1	composition					680:690	chemical composition	671:690	chemical composition	671:690	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	51	attach	linked	657:662	arg1	properties					705:714	physical properties	696:714	physical properties	696:714	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	51	attach	linked	657:662	arg2	coefficients					607:618	reduced scattering coefficients	588:618	reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively)	588:647	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	51	attach	linked	657:662	arg2	They					551:554	They	551:554	They	551:554	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	8	52	theme	analytical	1585:1594	arg1	access					1596:1601	a new analytical access	1579:1601	a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material	1579:1629	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	3	53	theme	precise	486:492	arg1	measurement					494:504	the precise measurement	482:504	the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	482:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	6	54	theme	chosen	1113:1118	arg1	processes					1120:1128	the chosen processes	1109:1128	the chosen processes	1109:1128	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	4	55	theme	μ	621:621	arg1	coefficients					607:618	reduced scattering coefficients	588:618	reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively)	588:647	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	55	theme	μ	621:621	arg1	a					623:623	μ a	621:623	μ a	621:623	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	9	56	dep	dilution	1711:1718	arg1	any					1707:1709	any	1707:1709	any	1707:1709	This is of special relevance as PDW spectroscopy data are obtained without any dilution or calibration, as often found in conventional spectroscopic approaches.
25725578	3	57	theme	optical	513:519	arg1	properties					521:530	the optical properties	509:530	the optical properties of such materials	509:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	1	58	theme	optical	185:191	arg1	analysis					193:200	quantitative optical analysis	172:200	quantitative optical analysis	172:200	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25725578	6	59	theme	mechanistic	1087:1097	arg1	models					1099:1104	established mechanistic models	1075:1104	established mechanistic models of the chosen processes	1075:1128	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	4	60	theme	reduced	588:594	arg1	coefficients					607:618	reduced scattering coefficients	588:618	reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively)	588:647	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	60	theme	reduced	588:594	arg1	a					623:623	μ a	621:623	μ a	621:623	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	60	theme	reduced	588:594	arg1	s					631:631	μ s	629:631	μ s	629:631	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	4	60	theme	reduced	588:594	arg1	They					551:554	They	551:554	They	551:554	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	5	61	theme	physical	810:817	arg1	processes					819:827	chemical and/or physical processes	794:827	chemical and/or physical processes	794:827	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	9	62	theme	PDW	1664:1666	arg1	data					1681:1684	PDW spectroscopy data	1664:1684	PDW spectroscopy data	1664:1684	This is of special relevance as PDW spectroscopy data are obtained without any dilution or calibration, as often found in conventional spectroscopic approaches.
25725578	0	63	from	dispersions	67:77	arg1	monitoring					8:17	Optical monitoring	0:17	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	0:113	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	3	64	theme	materials	540:548	arg1	properties					521:530	the optical properties	509:530	the optical properties of such materials	509:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	5	65	theme	biogenic	848:855	arg1	liquids					857:863	such turbid biogenic liquids	836:863	such turbid biogenic liquids	836:863	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	8	66	theme	well-defined	1406:1417	arg1	materials					1425:1433	not well-defined model materials	1402:1433	not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions	1402:1471	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	7	67	theme	PDW	1315:1317	arg1	spectroscopy					1319:1330	PDW spectroscopy	1315:1330	PDW spectroscopy	1315:1330	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	1	68	theme	biogenic	126:133	arg1	material					142:149	turbid biogenic liquid material	119:149	turbid biogenic liquid material	119:149	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25725578	8	69	theme	monodisperse	1440:1451	arg1	dispersions					1461:1471	monodisperse polymer dispersions	1440:1471	monodisperse polymer dispersions	1440:1471	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	7	70	theme	blood	1288:1292	arg1	coagulation					1166:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation	1149:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation in milk	1149:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	70	theme	blood	1288:1292	arg1	hydrolysis					1214:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis	1187:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash	1187:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	70	theme	blood	1288:1292	arg1	oxy-					1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	70	theme	blood	1288:1292	arg1	systems					1140:1146	model systems	1134:1146	model systems	1134:1146	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	70	theme	blood	1288:1292	arg1	deoxygenation					1259:1271	deoxygenation	1259:1271	deoxygenation of human donor blood	1259:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	71	theme	enzymatic	1149:1157	arg1	deoxygenation					1259:1271	deoxygenation	1259:1271	deoxygenation of human donor blood	1259:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	71	theme	enzymatic	1149:1157	arg1	coagulation					1166:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation	1149:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation in milk	1149:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	71	theme	enzymatic	1149:1157	arg1	hydrolysis					1214:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis	1187:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash	1187:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	71	theme	enzymatic	1149:1157	arg1	systems					1140:1146	model systems	1134:1146	model systems	1134:1146	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	71	theme	enzymatic	1149:1157	arg1	oxy-					1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	0	72	theme	Photon	82:87	arg1	spectroscopy					102:113	Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	82:113	Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	82:113	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	5	73	theme	such	836:839	arg1	liquids					857:863	such turbid biogenic liquids	836:863	such turbid biogenic liquids	836:863	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	6	74	theme	first	940:944	arg1	time					946:949	the first time	936:949	the first time	936:949	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	0	75	from	monitoring	8:17	arg1	dispersions					67:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	0	76	theme	Wave	97:100	arg1	spectroscopy					102:113	Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	82:113	Photon Density Wave spectroscopy	82:113	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	5	77	theme	process	903:909	arg1	understanding					911:923	process understanding	903:923	process understanding	903:923	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	3	78	theme	properties	521:530	arg1	measurement					494:504	the precise measurement	482:504	the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	482:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	7	79	theme	model	1134:1138	arg1	deoxygenation					1259:1271	deoxygenation	1259:1271	deoxygenation of human donor blood	1259:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	79	theme	model	1134:1138	arg1	coagulation					1166:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation	1149:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation in milk	1149:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	79	theme	model	1134:1138	arg1	hydrolysis					1214:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis	1187:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash	1187:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	79	theme	model	1134:1138	arg1	systems					1140:1146	model systems	1134:1146	model systems	1134:1146	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	79	theme	model	1134:1138	arg1	oxy-					1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	6	80	theme	resulting	1014:1022	arg1	coefficients					1032:1043	the resulting optical coefficients	1010:1043	the resulting optical coefficients	1010:1043	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	8	81	theme	optical	1484:1490	arg1	coefficients					1492:1503	obtained optical coefficients	1475:1503	obtained optical coefficients	1475:1503	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	3	82	theme	Density	419:425	arg1	method					471:476	a very promising method	454:476	a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	454:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	3	82	theme	Density	419:425	arg1	spectroscopy					438:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	5	83	theme	new	876:878	arg1	insight					891:897	new scientific insight	876:897	new scientific insight	876:897	As a process analytical technology, PDW spectroscopy can sense chemical and/or physical processes within such turbid biogenic liquids, providing new scientific insight and process understanding.
25725578	3	84	theme	Fiber-based	400:410	arg1	method					471:476	a very promising method	454:476	a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials	454:548	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	3	84	theme	Fiber-based	400:410	arg1	spectroscopy					438:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy	400:449	Fiber-based Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy is a very promising method for the precise measurement of the optical properties of such materials.
25725578	0	85	theme	chemical	22:29	arg1	processes					31:39	chemical processes	22:39	chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	22:77	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	6	86	theme	PDW	989:991	arg1	spectroscopy					993:1004	PDW spectroscopy	989:1004	PDW spectroscopy	989:1004	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	9	87	theme	spectroscopic	1767:1779	arg1	approaches					1781:1790	conventional spectroscopic approaches	1754:1790	conventional spectroscopic approaches	1754:1790	This is of special relevance as PDW spectroscopy data are obtained without any dilution or calibration, as often found in conventional spectroscopic approaches.
25725578	4	88	theme	chemical	671:678	arg1	composition					680:690	chemical composition	671:690	chemical composition	671:690	They are expressed as absorption and reduced scattering coefficients (μ a and μ s', respectively) and are linked to the chemical composition and physical properties of the sample.
25725578	0	89	theme	biogenic	51:58	arg1	dispersions					67:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	turbid biogenic liquid dispersions	44:77	Optical monitoring of chemical processes in turbid biogenic liquid dispersions by Photon Density Wave spectroscopy.
25725578	7	90	from	oxy-	1243:1246	arg1	mash					1233:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	90	from	oxy-	1243:1246	arg1	milk					1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	6	91	theme	established	1075:1085	arg1	models					1099:1104	established mechanistic models	1075:1104	established mechanistic models of the chosen processes	1075:1128	Here, for the first time, several bioprocesses are analyzed by PDW spectroscopy and the resulting optical coefficients are discussed with respect to established mechanistic models of the chosen processes.
25725578	8	92	theme	structure/process	1535:1551	arg1	relationship					1553:1564	a structure/process relationship	1533:1564	a structure/process relationship	1533:1564	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	8	93	theme	biogenic	1606:1613	arg1	material					1622:1629	biogenic liquid material	1606:1629	biogenic liquid material	1606:1629	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	8	94	dep	biomaterials	1382:1393	arg1	materials					1425:1433	not well-defined model materials	1402:1433	not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions	1402:1471	The findings indicate that also for very complex biomaterials (i.e., not well-defined model materials like monodisperse polymer dispersions), obtained optical coefficients allow for the assessment of a structure/process relationship and thus for a new analytical access to biogenic liquid material.
25725578	7	95	from	deoxygenation	1259:1271	arg1	mash					1233:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	beer mash	1228:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	95	from	deoxygenation	1259:1271	arg1	milk					1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	milk	1181:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	96	theme	starch	1207:1212	arg1	deoxygenation					1259:1271	deoxygenation	1259:1271	deoxygenation of human donor blood	1259:1292	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	96	theme	starch	1207:1212	arg1	coagulation					1166:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation	1149:1176	enzymatic casein coagulation in milk	1149:1184	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	96	theme	starch	1207:1212	arg1	hydrolysis					1214:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis	1187:1223	temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash	1187:1236	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	96	theme	starch	1207:1212	arg1	systems					1140:1146	model systems	1134:1146	model systems	1134:1146	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	7	96	theme	starch	1207:1212	arg1	oxy-					1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	oxy-	1243:1246	As model systems, enzymatic casein coagulation in milk, temperature-induced starch hydrolysis in beer mash, and oxy- as well as deoxygenation of human donor blood were investigated by PDW spectroscopy.
25725578	1	97	theme	multiple	232:239	arg1	scattering					247:256	multiple light scattering	232:256	multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets	232:301	In turbid biogenic liquid material, like blood or milk, quantitative optical analysis is often strongly hindered by multiple light scattering resulting from cells, particles, or droplets.
25155975	3	0	theme	screening	328:336	arg1	studies					338:344	screening studies	328:344	screening studies	328:344	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	6	1	theme	confocal	934:941	arg1	CLSM					970:973	CLSM	970:973	CLSM	970:973	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	1	theme	confocal	934:941	arg1	microscopy					958:967	confocal laser scanning microscopy	934:967	confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)	934:974	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	11	2	theme	Low	1547:1549	arg1	frequency					1551:1559	Low frequency	1547:1559	Low frequency	1547:1559	Low frequency vibrations assisted tobramycin in killing P. aeruginosa biofilms at sub-MIC.
25155975	0	3	theme	biofilms	83:90	arg1	elimination					45:55	elimination	45:55	elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in vitro	45:99	Sound waves effectively assist tobramycin in elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in vitro.
25155975	11	4	theme	assisted	1572:1579	arg1	tobramycin					1581:1590	assisted tobramycin	1572:1590	assisted tobramycin	1572:1590	Low frequency vibrations assisted tobramycin in killing P. aeruginosa biofilms at sub-MIC.
25155975	5	5	theme	biofilm	623:629	arg1	assay					631:635	a standard biofilm assay	612:635	a standard biofilm assay	612:635	The effect of vibration on P. aeruginosa biofilms was studied using a standard biofilm assay.
25155975	2	6	dep	Pseudomonas	281:291	arg1	aeruginosa					293:302	aeruginosa	293:302	aeruginosa	293:302	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	9	7	dep	vibrated	1254:1261	arg1	Hz					1276:1277	450 and 650 Hz	1264:1277	450 and 650 Hz	1264:1277	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	6	8	theme	2,3-bis-	815:822	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide					856:886	2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide	815:886	2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide	815:886	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	8	theme	2,3-bis-	815:822	arg1	assay					899:903	reduction assay	889:903	(2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT)	814:909	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	9	theme	inhibitory	649:658	arg1	concentrations					660:673	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations	638:673	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration	638:781	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	10	10	theme	CLSM	1500:1503	arg1	imaging					1505:1511	CLSM imaging	1500:1511	CLSM imaging	1500:1511	CLSM imaging further confirmed these findings.
25155975	8	11	theme	sub-MIC	1057:1063	arg1	tobramycin					1065:1074	sub-MIC tobramycin	1057:1074	sub-MIC tobramycin	1057:1074	Biofilms vibrated without sub-MIC tobramycin showed a significantly reduced metabolism compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
25155975	12	12	theme	pathogenic	1722:1731	arg1	biofilms					1733:1740	pathogenic biofilms	1722:1740	pathogenic biofilms	1722:1740	Thus, sound waves together with antibiotics are a promising approach in eliminating pathogenic biofilms.
25155975	2	13	theme	Pseudomonas	281:291	arg1	eradication					312:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	2	14	from	use	207:209	arg1	eradication					312:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	3	15	located	observed	475:482	arg1	conditions					427:436	conditions	427:436	conditions in which surface standing waves were observed	427:482	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	3	15	located	observed	475:482	arg2	waves					464:468	surface standing waves	447:468	surface standing waves	447:468	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	2	16	theme	antibiotic-mediated	261:279	arg1	eradication					312:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	5	17	from	effect	548:553	arg1	biofilms					585:592	P. aeruginosa biofilms	571:592	P. aeruginosa biofilms	571:592	The effect of vibration on P. aeruginosa biofilms was studied using a standard biofilm assay.
25155975	6	18	theme	reduction	889:897	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide					856:886	2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide	815:886	2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide	815:886	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	18	theme	reduction	889:897	arg1	assay					899:903	reduction assay	889:903	(2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT)	814:909	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	18	theme	reduction	889:897	arg1	XTT					906:908	XTT	906:908	XTT	906:908	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	9	19	dep	P.	1436:1437	arg1	aeruginosa					1439:1448	aeruginosa	1439:1448	aeruginosa	1439:1448	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	9	20	theme	tobramycin	1365:1374	arg1	treatment					1376:1384	tobramycin treatment	1365:1384	tobramycin treatment	1365:1384	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	6	21	theme	Subminimal	638:647	arg1	concentrations					660:673	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations	638:673	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration	638:781	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	11	22	theme	aeruginosa	1606:1615	arg1	biofilms					1617:1624	P. aeruginosa biofilms	1603:1624	P. aeruginosa biofilms	1603:1624	Low frequency vibrations assisted tobramycin in killing P. aeruginosa biofilms at sub-MIC.
25155975	8	23	theme	reduced	1099:1105	arg1	metabolism					1107:1116	a significantly reduced metabolism	1083:1116	a significantly reduced metabolism	1083:1116	Biofilms vibrated without sub-MIC tobramycin showed a significantly reduced metabolism compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
25155975	3	24	theme	surface	447:453	arg1	waves					464:468	surface standing waves	447:468	surface standing waves	447:468	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	0	25	theme	Sound	0:4	arg1	waves					6:10	Sound waves	0:10	Sound waves	0:10	Sound waves effectively assist tobramycin in elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in vitro.
25155975	12	26	theme	promising	1688:1696	arg1	waves					1650:1654	sound waves	1644:1654	sound waves together with antibiotics	1644:1680	Thus, sound waves together with antibiotics are a promising approach in eliminating pathogenic biofilms.
25155975	12	26	theme	promising	1688:1696	arg1	approach					1698:1705	a promising approach	1686:1705	a promising approach	1686:1705	Thus, sound waves together with antibiotics are a promising approach in eliminating pathogenic biofilms.
25155975	9	27	dep	alone	1482:1486	arg1	<					1491:1491	p < 0.05	1489:1496	p < 0.05	1489:1496	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	3	28	theme	standing	455:462	arg1	waves					464:468	surface standing waves	447:468	surface standing waves	447:468	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	3	29	theme	model	388:392	arg1	compositions					402:413	model biofilm compositions	388:413	model biofilm compositions	388:413	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	5	30	theme	standard	614:621	arg1	assay					631:635	a standard biofilm assay	612:635	a standard biofilm assay	612:635	The effect of vibration on P. aeruginosa biofilms was studied using a standard biofilm assay.
25155975	1	31	theme	Microbial	102:110	arg1	biofilms					112:119	Microbial biofilms	102:119	Microbial biofilms	102:119	Microbial biofilms are highly refractory to antimicrobials.
25155975	3	32	theme	biofilm	394:400	arg1	compositions					402:413	model biofilm compositions	388:413	model biofilm compositions	388:413	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	2	33	theme	biofilm	304:310	arg1	eradication					312:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	261:322	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	9	34	theme	lower	1407:1411	arg1	metabolism					1413:1422	significantly lower metabolism	1393:1422	significantly lower metabolism	1393:1422	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	6	35	theme	biofilms	723:730	arg1	h					734:734	biofilms 3 h prior	723:740	biofilms 3 h prior	723:740	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	8	36	theme	untreated	1130:1138	arg1	controls					1140:1147	untreated controls	1130:1147	untreated controls (p < 0.05)	1130:1158	Biofilms vibrated without sub-MIC tobramycin showed a significantly reduced metabolism compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
25155975	8	36	theme	untreated	1130:1138	arg1	<					1152:1152	p < 0.05	1150:1157	p < 0.05	1150:1157	Biofilms vibrated without sub-MIC tobramycin showed a significantly reduced metabolism compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
25155975	2	37	theme	study	178:182	arg1	aim					166:168	The aim	162:168	The aim of this study	162:182	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	2	38	theme	therapy	238:244	arg1	use					207:209	the use	203:209	the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication	203:322	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	4	39	theme	surface	494:500	arg1	tension					502:508	Alginate surface tension	485:508	Alginate surface tension	485:508	Alginate surface tension and viscosity were also measured.
25155975	2	40	theme	vibration	228:236	arg1	therapy					238:244	low-frequency vibration therapy	214:244	low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz)	214:256	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	2	40	theme	vibration	228:236	arg1	kHz					253:255	20-20 kHz	247:255	20-20 kHz	247:255	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	6	41	dep	concentrations	660:673	arg1	sub-MIC					676:682	sub-MIC	676:682	sub-MIC	676:682	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	4	42	theme	Alginate	485:492	arg1	tension					502:508	Alginate surface tension	485:508	Alginate surface tension	485:508	Alginate surface tension and viscosity were also measured.
25155975	2	43	theme	low-frequency	214:226	arg1	therapy					238:244	low-frequency vibration therapy	214:244	low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz)	214:256	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	2	43	theme	low-frequency	214:226	arg1	kHz					253:255	20-20 kHz	247:255	20-20 kHz	247:255	The aim of this study was to investigate the use of low-frequency vibration therapy (20-20 kHz) on antibiotic-mediated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm eradication.
25155975	5	44	theme	aeruginosa	574:583	arg1	biofilms					585:592	P. aeruginosa biofilms	571:592	P. aeruginosa biofilms	571:592	The effect of vibration on P. aeruginosa biofilms was studied using a standard biofilm assay.
25155975	9	45	theme	P.	1436:1437	arg1	biofilm					1450:1456	P. aeruginosa biofilm	1436:1456	P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05)	1436:1497	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	6	46	theme	scanning	949:956	arg1	CLSM					970:973	CLSM	970:973	CLSM	970:973	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	46	theme	scanning	949:956	arg1	microscopy					958:967	confocal laser scanning microscopy	934:967	confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)	934:974	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	7	47	theme	standing	981:988	arg1	waves					990:994	The standing waves	977:994	The standing waves	977:994	The standing waves occurred at frequencies <1,000 Hz.
25155975	6	48	theme	tobramycin	688:697	arg1	concentrations					660:673	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations	638:673	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration	638:781	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	8	49	theme	p	1150:1150	arg1	controls					1140:1147	untreated controls	1130:1147	untreated controls (p < 0.05)	1130:1158	Biofilms vibrated without sub-MIC tobramycin showed a significantly reduced metabolism compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
25155975	8	49	theme	p	1150:1150	arg1	<					1152:1152	p < 0.05	1150:1157	p < 0.05	1150:1157	Biofilms vibrated without sub-MIC tobramycin showed a significantly reduced metabolism compared to untreated controls (p < 0.05).
25155975	9	50	theme	treatment	1376:1384	arg1	h					1360:1360	3 h	1358:1360	3 h of tobramycin treatment	1358:1384	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	9	51	dep	vibrated	1198:1205	arg1	Hz					1340:1341	Hz	1340:1341	Hz	1340:1341	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	9	51	dep	vibrated	1198:1205	arg1	Hz					1246:1247	450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz	1223:1247	450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz	1223:1247	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	9	51	dep	vibrated	1198:1205	arg1	Hz					1348:1349	Hz	1348:1349	Hz	1348:1349	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	0	52	theme	aeruginosa	72:81	arg1	biofilms					83:90	Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms	60:90	Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms	60:90	Sound waves effectively assist tobramycin in elimination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in vitro.
25155975	6	53	theme	2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl	824:854	arg1	-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide					856:886	2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide	815:886	2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide	815:886	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	53	theme	2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl	824:854	arg1	assay					899:903	reduction assay	889:903	(2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT)	814:909	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	7	54	theme	frequencies	1008:1018	arg1	Hz					1027:1028	frequencies <1,000 Hz	1008:1028	frequencies <1,000 Hz	1008:1028	The standing waves occurred at frequencies <1,000 Hz.
25155975	12	55	theme	sound	1644:1648	arg1	waves					1650:1654	sound waves	1644:1654	sound waves together with antibiotics	1644:1680	Thus, sound waves together with antibiotics are a promising approach in eliminating pathogenic biofilms.
25155975	12	55	theme	sound	1644:1648	arg1	approach					1698:1705	a promising approach	1686:1705	a promising approach	1686:1705	Thus, sound waves together with antibiotics are a promising approach in eliminating pathogenic biofilms.
25155975	9	56	theme	p	1489:1489	arg1	<					1491:1491	p < 0.05	1489:1496	p < 0.05	1489:1496	Biofilms treated with tobramycin and vibrated simultaneously (450, 530, 610, and 650 Hz), or vibrated (450 and 650 Hz) then treated with tobramycin subsequently, or vibrated (610 Hz, 650 Hz) after 3 h of tobramycin treatment showed significantly lower metabolism compared to P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with tobramycin alone (p < 0.05).
25155975	3	57	theme	low-frequency	347:359	arg1	vibrations					361:370	low-frequency vibrations	347:370	low-frequency vibrations	347:370	In screening studies, low-frequency vibrations were applied on model biofilm compositions to identify conditions in which surface standing waves were observed.
25155975	6	58	theme	laser	943:947	arg1	CLSM					970:973	CLSM	970:973	CLSM	970:973	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	6	58	theme	laser	943:947	arg1	microscopy					958:967	confocal laser scanning microscopy	934:967	confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)	934:974	Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of tobramycin (5 μg/ml) were added to biofilms 3 h prior, during, and immediately after vibration and quantitatively assessed by (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay (XTT) and, qualitatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
25155975	5	59	theme	vibration	558:566	arg1	effect					548:553	The effect	544:553	The effect of vibration on P. aeruginosa biofilms	544:592	The effect of vibration on P. aeruginosa biofilms was studied using a standard biofilm assay.
25686559	6	0	theme	potential	855:863	arg1	analyzer					865:872	a zeta potential analyzer	848:872	a zeta potential analyzer	848:872	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	6	1	theme	resulting	759:767	arg1	size					778:781	particle size	769:781	particle size	769:781	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	20	2	theme	human	2420:2424	arg1	cells					2426:2430	human cells	2420:2430	human cells	2420:2430	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	8	3	theme	MTT	1111:1113	arg1	assay					1115:1119	MTT assay	1111:1119	MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1111:1159	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	20	4	theme	binding	2351:2357	arg1	affinity					2359:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	10	5	theme	ammonium	1322:1329	arg1	band					1348:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	14	6	theme	average	1753:1759	arg1	size					1770:1773	the average particle size	1749:1773	the average particle size	1749:1773	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	8	7	theme	mesenchymal	1128:1138	arg1	cell					1145:1148	mesenchymal stem cell	1128:1148	(mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1127:1159	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	6	8	theme	laser	819:823	arg1	scattering					831:840	laser light scattering	819:840	laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer	819:872	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	4	9	theme	HACC	606:609	arg1	spectra					595:601	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra	560:601	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC	560:609	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	16	10	theme	circular	1995:2002	arg1	shapes					2012:2017	circular or oval shapes	1995:2017	circular or oval shapes	1995:2017	The nanoparticles under TEM showed circular or oval shapes.
25686559	8	11	theme	cell	1145:1148	arg1	lines					1155:1159	(mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1127:1159	(mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1127:1159	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	21	12	theme	mean	2478:2481	arg1	diameter					2483:2490	mean diameter	2478:2490	mean diameter	2478:2490	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	10	13	theme	absorption	1337:1346	arg1	band					1348:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	4	14	theme	resonance	579:587	arg1	spectra					595:601	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra	560:601	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC	560:609	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	16	15	theme	oval	2007:2010	arg1	shapes					2012:2017	circular or oval shapes	1995:2017	circular or oval shapes	1995:2017	The nanoparticles under TEM showed circular or oval shapes.
25686559	3	16	theme	KBr	524:526	arg1	pellets					528:534	KBr pellets	524:534	KBr pellets with a spectrometer	524:554	Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded on KBr pellets with a spectrometer.
25686559	1	17	theme	ammonium	170:177	arg1	derivative					145:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	17	theme	ammonium	170:177	arg1	crystal					184:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal	157:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	157:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	8	18	theme	MSC	1151:1153	arg1	lines					1155:1159	(mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1127:1159	(mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1127:1159	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	2	19	mod	modified	402:409	arg3	agent					437:441	cationic etherifying agent	416:441	cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative	416:469	CS was modified with cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative.
25686559	2	19	mod	modified	402:409	arg1	CS					395:396	CS	395:396	CS	395:396	CS was modified with cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative.
25686559	14	20	theme	particle	1761:1768	arg1	size					1770:1773	the average particle size	1749:1773	the average particle size	1749:1773	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	1	21	theme	delivery	368:375	arg1	efficiency					349:358	their efficiency	343:358	their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells	343:392	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	14	22	dep	carrying	1821:1828	arg1	higher					1814:1819	higher	1814:1819	higher	1814:1819	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	20	23	theme	DNA	2347:2349	arg1	affinity					2359:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	22	24	theme	efficient	2580:2588	arg1	delivery					2604:2611	efficient and safe gene delivery	2580:2611	efficient and safe gene delivery	2580:2611	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	7	25	theme	shift	986:990	arg1	assay					992:996	gel mobility shift assay	973:996	gel mobility shift assay	973:996	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	1	26	theme	human	382:386	arg1	cells					388:392	human cells	382:392	human cells	382:392	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	7	27	theme	nanoparticle	932:943	arg1	complex					945:951	the nanoparticle complex	928:951	the nanoparticle complex	928:951	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	2	28	theme	CS	457:458	arg1	derivative					460:469	the CS derivative	453:469	the CS derivative	453:469	CS was modified with cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative.
25686559	21	29	theme	release	2501:2507	arg1	time					2509:2512	DNA release time	2497:2512	DNA release time	2497:2512	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	7	30	from	formation	896:904	arg1	complex					945:951	the nanoparticle complex	928:951	the nanoparticle complex	928:951	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	0	31	theme	gene	65:68	arg1	vehicles					79:86	gene delivery vehicles	65:86	gene delivery vehicles	65:86	Preparation and testing of quaternized chitosan nanoparticles as gene delivery vehicles.
25686559	1	32	theme	chitosan	131:138	arg1	derivative					145:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	32	theme	chitosan	131:138	arg1	crystal					184:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal	157:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	157:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	5	33	theme	different	707:715	arg1	ratios					724:729	different weight ratios	707:729	different weight ratios	707:729	HACC was subsequently used to prepare HACC/DNA complexes at different weight ratios by coacervation method.
25686559	1	34	theme	complexes	302:310	arg1	series					273:278	a series	271:278	a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes	271:310	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	7	35	theme	DNA	910:912	arg1	protection					914:923	DNA protection	910:923	DNA protection	910:923	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	1	36	theme	CS	141:142	arg1	derivative					145:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	36	theme	CS	141:142	arg1	crystal					184:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal	157:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	157:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	37	theme	different	315:323	arg1	ratios					332:337	different weight ratios	315:337	different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells	315:392	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	0	38	theme	chitosan	39:46	arg1	testing					16:22	testing	16:22	testing	16:22	Preparation and testing of quaternized chitosan nanoparticles as gene delivery vehicles.
25686559	0	38	theme	chitosan	39:46	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation and testing of quaternized chitosan nanoparticles as gene delivery vehicles.
25686559	7	39	theme	HACC/DNA	879:886	arg1	formation					896:904	HACC/DNA complex formation	879:904	HACC/DNA complex formation	879:904	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	15	40	theme	first	1930:1934	arg1	h					1939:1939	the first 20 h	1926:1939	the first 20 h of solubilization	1926:1957	The nanoparticles released DNA in two distinct phases, and 55 % was released within the first 20 h of solubilization.
25686559	18	41	theme	liposome/pEGFP-GDNF	2176:2194	arg1	complexes					2196:2204	HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes	2156:2204	HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363)	2156:2231	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	0	42	theme	delivery	70:77	arg1	vehicles					79:86	gene delivery vehicles	65:86	gene delivery vehicles	65:86	Preparation and testing of quaternized chitosan nanoparticles as gene delivery vehicles.
25686559	14	43	theme	particle	1703:1710	arg1	charge					1679:1684	the surface charge	1667:1684	the surface charge of the composite particle	1667:1710	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	20	44	theme	high	2372:2375	arg1	protection					2377:2386	high protection	2372:2386	high protection of DNA	2372:2393	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	18	45	theme	HACC/pEGFP-GDNF	2156:2170	arg1	complexes					2196:2204	HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes	2156:2204	HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363)	2156:2231	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	10	46	theme	group	1421:1425	arg1	presence					1389:1396	the presence	1385:1396	the presence of quaternary ammonium group	1385:1425	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	10	47	theme	quaternary	1311:1320	arg1	band					1348:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	10	48	theme	quaternary	1401:1410	arg1	group					1421:1425	quaternary ammonium group	1401:1425	quaternary ammonium group	1401:1425	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	0	49	theme	quaternized	27:37	arg1	chitosan					39:46	quaternized chitosan	27:46	quaternized chitosan	27:46	Preparation and testing of quaternized chitosan nanoparticles as gene delivery vehicles.
25686559	2	50	theme	cationic	416:423	arg1	agent					437:441	cationic etherifying agent	416:441	cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative	416:469	CS was modified with cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative.
25686559	5	51	theme	coacervation	734:745	arg1	method					747:752	coacervation method	734:752	coacervation method	734:752	HACC was subsequently used to prepare HACC/DNA complexes at different weight ratios by coacervation method.
25686559	6	52	theme	surface	787:793	arg1	charge					795:800	surface charge	787:800	surface charge	787:800	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	18	53	theme	gene	2110:2113	arg1	efficiency					2124:2133	gene delivery efficiency	2110:2133	gene delivery efficiency	2110:2133	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	22	54	theme	gene	2599:2602	arg1	delivery					2604:2611	efficient and safe gene delivery	2580:2611	efficient and safe gene delivery	2580:2611	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	11	55	theme	H	1486:1486	arg1	spectrum					1492:1499	(1)H NMR spectrum	1483:1499	(1)H NMR spectrum	1483:1499	The successful synthesis of HACC was also confirmed by (1)H NMR spectrum.
25686559	8	56	theme	HACC	1062:1065	arg1	nanoparticles					1080:1092	HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles	1062:1092	HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles	1062:1092	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	14	57	theme	carrying	1821:1828	arg1	efficiency					1830:1839	a higher carrying efficiency	1812:1839	a higher carrying efficiency	1812:1839	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	1	58	theme	trimethyl	217:225	arg1	chloride					236:243	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	199:243	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	199:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	8	59	theme	HACC/DNA	1071:1078	arg1	nanoparticles					1080:1092	HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles	1062:1092	HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles	1062:1092	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	15	60	theme	solubilization	1944:1957	arg1	h					1939:1939	the first 20 h	1926:1939	the first 20 h of solubilization	1926:1957	The nanoparticles released DNA in two distinct phases, and 55 % was released within the first 20 h of solubilization.
25686559	4	61	theme	H	560:560	arg1	NMR					590:592	NMR	590:592	NMR	590:592	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	4	61	theme	H	560:560	arg1	resonance					579:587	H nuclear magnetic resonance	560:587	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC	560:609	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	10	62	theme	HACC	1280:1283	arg1	spectrum					1268:1275	The FTIR spectrum	1259:1275	The FTIR spectrum of HACC	1259:1283	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	1	63	theme	chloride	236:243	arg1	chitosan					245:252	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan	199:252	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	199:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	63	theme	chloride	236:243	arg1	HACC					255:258	HACC	255:258	HACC	255:258	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	9	64	theme	transmission	1219:1230	arg1	TEM					1253:1255	TEM	1253:1255	TEM	1253:1255	The nanoscale structure of the particles was obtained by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
25686559	9	64	theme	transmission	1219:1230	arg1	microscope					1241:1250	transmission electron microscope	1219:1250	transmission electron microscope (TEM)	1219:1256	The nanoscale structure of the particles was obtained by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
25686559	6	65	theme	zeta	850:853	arg1	analyzer					865:872	a zeta potential analyzer	848:872	a zeta potential analyzer	848:872	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	10	66	theme	group	1331:1335	arg1	band					1348:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	11	67	theme	HACC	1456:1459	arg1	synthesis					1443:1451	The successful synthesis	1428:1451	The successful synthesis of HACC	1428:1459	The successful synthesis of HACC was also confirmed by (1)H NMR spectrum.
25686559	3	68	theme	infrared	490:497	arg1	spectra					499:505	infrared spectra	490:505	infrared spectra	490:505	Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded on KBr pellets with a spectrometer.
25686559	6	69	theme	light	825:829	arg1	scattering					831:840	laser light scattering	819:840	laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer	819:872	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	14	70	theme	HACC	1790:1793	arg1	nanoparticle					1795:1806	HACC nanoparticle	1790:1806	HACC nanoparticle	1790:1806	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	9	71	theme	electron	1232:1239	arg1	TEM					1253:1255	TEM	1253:1255	TEM	1253:1255	The nanoscale structure of the particles was obtained by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
25686559	9	71	theme	electron	1232:1239	arg1	microscope					1241:1250	transmission electron microscope	1219:1250	transmission electron microscope (TEM)	1219:1256	The nanoscale structure of the particles was obtained by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
25686559	22	72	theme	novel	2565:2569	arg1	tool					2571:2574	a novel tool	2563:2574	a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery	2563:2611	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	22	72	theme	novel	2565:2569	arg1	nanoparticles					2545:2557	HACC nanoparticles	2540:2557	HACC nanoparticles	2540:2557	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	7	73	theme	protection	1010:1019	arg1	assay					1021:1025	DNase I protection assay	1002:1025	DNase I protection assay	1002:1025	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	19	74	theme	HACC/DNA	2288:2295	arg1	complex					2297:2303	HACC/DNA complex	2288:2303	HACC/DNA complex	2288:2303	In this study, HACC was successfully synthesized, and HACC/DNA complex assembled efficiently.
25686559	1	75	theme	quaternary	159:168	arg1	derivative					145:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	75	theme	quaternary	159:168	arg1	crystal					184:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal	157:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	157:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	8	76	theme	stem	1140:1143	arg1	cell					1145:1148	mesenchymal stem cell	1128:1148	(mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines	1127:1159	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	12	77	theme	good	1514:1517	arg1	solubility					1519:1528	good solubility	1514:1528	good solubility in water	1514:1537	HACC showed good solubility in water and was electropositive.
25686559	12	78	from	solubility	1519:1528	arg1	water					1533:1537	water	1533:1537	water	1533:1537	HACC showed good solubility in water and was electropositive.
25686559	4	79	theme	magnetic	570:577	arg1	NMR					590:592	NMR	590:592	NMR	590:592	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	4	79	theme	magnetic	570:577	arg1	resonance					579:587	H nuclear magnetic resonance	560:587	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC	560:609	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	7	80	theme	DNase	1002:1006	arg1	assay					1021:1025	DNase I protection assay	1002:1025	DNase I protection assay	1002:1025	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	9	81	theme	nanoscale	1166:1174	arg1	structure					1176:1184	The nanoscale structure	1162:1184	The nanoscale structure of the particles	1162:1201	The nanoscale structure of the particles was obtained by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
25686559	1	82	theme	salt	179:182	arg1	derivative					145:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	a chitosan (CS) derivative	129:154	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	1	82	theme	salt	179:182	arg1	crystal					184:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal	157:190	a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	157:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	18	83	theme	significant	2084:2094	arg1	difference					2096:2105	No significant difference	2081:2105	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency	2081:2133	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	13	84	theme	10	1633:1634	arg1	ratio					1624:1628	a weight ratio	1615:1628	a weight ratio of 10	1615:1634	HACC efficiently packed and protected pEGFP-DNA at a weight ratio of 10.
25686559	1	85	theme	gene	363:366	arg1	delivery					368:375	gene delivery	363:375	gene delivery into human cells	363:392	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	7	86	theme	gel	973:975	arg1	assay					992:996	gel mobility shift assay	973:996	gel mobility shift assay	973:996	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	1	87	theme	study	105:109	arg1	aim					93:95	The aim	89:95	The aim of this study	89:109	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	21	88	theme	appropriate	2451:2461	arg1	nanostructure					2463:2475	appropriate nanostructure	2451:2475	appropriate nanostructure	2451:2475	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	7	89	dep	formation	896:904	arg1	The					875:877	The	875:877	The	875:877	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	7	90	theme	mobility	977:984	arg1	assay					992:996	gel mobility shift assay	973:996	gel mobility shift assay	973:996	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	9	91	theme	particles	1193:1201	arg1	structure					1176:1184	The nanoscale structure	1162:1184	The nanoscale structure of the particles	1162:1201	The nanoscale structure of the particles was obtained by transmission electron microscope (TEM).
25686559	20	92	theme	strong	2340:2345	arg1	affinity					2359:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	21	93	theme	DNA	2497:2499	arg1	time					2509:2512	DNA release time	2497:2512	DNA release time	2497:2512	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	5	94	theme	HACC/DNA	685:692	arg1	complexes					694:702	HACC/DNA complexes	685:702	HACC/DNA complexes	685:702	HACC was subsequently used to prepare HACC/DNA complexes at different weight ratios by coacervation method.
25686559	18	95	dep	complexes	2196:2204	arg1	P = 0.363					2222:2230	P = 0.363	2222:2230	P = 0.363	2222:2230	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	18	95	dep	complexes	2196:2204	arg1	%					2219:2219	33.8 vs. 34 %	2207:2219	33.8 vs. 34 %	2207:2219	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	11	96	theme	successful	1432:1441	arg1	synthesis					1443:1451	The successful synthesis	1428:1451	The successful synthesis of HACC	1428:1459	The successful synthesis of HACC was also confirmed by (1)H NMR spectrum.
25686559	14	97	contain	had	1808:1810	arg2	efficiency					1830:1839	a higher carrying efficiency	1812:1839	a higher carrying efficiency	1812:1839	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	14	97	contain	had	1808:1810	arg1	nanoparticle					1795:1806	HACC nanoparticle	1790:1806	HACC nanoparticle	1790:1806	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	1	98	theme	pEGFP-DNA	292:300	arg1	complexes					302:310	pEGFP-DNA complexes	292:310	pEGFP-DNA complexes	292:310	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	7	99	from	protection	914:923	arg1	complex					945:951	the nanoparticle complex	928:951	the nanoparticle complex	928:951	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	5	100	used	used	669:672	arg2	HACC					647:650	HACC	647:650	HACC	647:650	HACC was subsequently used to prepare HACC/DNA complexes at different weight ratios by coacervation method.
25686559	18	101	from	difference	2096:2105	arg1	efficiency					2124:2133	gene delivery efficiency	2110:2133	gene delivery efficiency	2110:2133	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	21	102	contain	had	2447:2449	arg2	diameter					2483:2490	mean diameter	2478:2490	mean diameter	2478:2490	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	21	102	contain	had	2447:2449	arg2	nanostructure					2463:2475	appropriate nanostructure	2451:2475	appropriate nanostructure	2451:2475	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	21	102	contain	had	2447:2449	arg2	time					2509:2512	DNA release time	2497:2512	DNA release time	2497:2512	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	21	102	contain	had	2447:2449	arg1	particles					2437:2445	The particles	2433:2445	The particles	2433:2445	The particles had appropriate nanostructure, mean diameter, and DNA release time.
25686559	13	103	theme	weight	1617:1622	arg1	ratio					1624:1628	a weight ratio	1615:1628	a weight ratio of 10	1615:1634	HACC efficiently packed and protected pEGFP-DNA at a weight ratio of 10.
25686559	22	104	theme	HACC	2540:2543	arg1	tool					2571:2574	a novel tool	2563:2574	a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery	2563:2611	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	22	104	theme	HACC	2540:2543	arg1	nanoparticles					2545:2557	HACC nanoparticles	2540:2557	HACC nanoparticles	2540:2557	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	1	105	theme	weight	325:330	arg1	ratios					332:337	different weight ratios	315:337	different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells	315:392	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	20	106	theme	DNA	2391:2393	arg1	affinity					2359:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	strong DNA binding affinity	2340:2366	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	20	106	theme	DNA	2391:2393	arg1	protection					2377:2386	high protection	2372:2386	high protection of DNA	2372:2393	HACC showed strong DNA binding affinity and high protection of DNA and was non-cytotoxic to human cells.
25686559	4	107	dep	obtained	616:623	arg1	1					558:558	1	558:558	1	558:558	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	14	108	theme	weight	1652:1657	arg1	ratios					1659:1664	increased weight ratios	1642:1664	increased weight ratios	1642:1664	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	7	109	theme	complex	888:894	arg1	formation					896:904	HACC/DNA complex formation	879:904	HACC/DNA complex formation	879:904	The HACC/DNA complex formation and DNA protection in the nanoparticle complex was investigated by gel mobility shift assay and DNase I protection assay, respectively.
25686559	3	110	with	pellets	528:534	arg1	spectrometer					543:554	a spectrometer	541:554	a spectrometer	541:554	Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded on KBr pellets with a spectrometer.
25686559	14	111	theme	composite	1693:1701	arg1	particle					1703:1710	the composite particle	1689:1710	the composite particle	1689:1710	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	3	112	dep	Fourier	472:478	arg1	transform					480:488	transform	480:488	transform infrared spectra	480:505	Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded on KBr pellets with a spectrometer.
25686559	10	113	theme	ammonium	1412:1419	arg1	group					1421:1425	quaternary ammonium group	1401:1425	quaternary ammonium group	1401:1425	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	5	114	theme	weight	717:722	arg1	ratios					724:729	different weight ratios	707:729	different weight ratios	707:729	HACC was subsequently used to prepare HACC/DNA complexes at different weight ratios by coacervation method.
25686559	2	115	theme	etherifying	425:435	arg1	agent					437:441	cationic etherifying agent	416:441	cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative	416:469	CS was modified with cationic etherifying agent to obtain the CS derivative.
25686559	14	116	theme	increased	1642:1650	arg1	ratios					1659:1664	increased weight ratios	1642:1664	increased weight ratios	1642:1664	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	11	117	theme	NMR	1488:1490	arg1	spectrum					1492:1499	(1)H NMR spectrum	1483:1499	(1)H NMR spectrum	1483:1499	The successful synthesis of HACC was also confirmed by (1)H NMR spectrum.
25686559	14	118	theme	surface	1671:1677	arg1	charge					1679:1684	the surface charge	1667:1684	the surface charge of the composite particle	1667:1710	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	18	119	theme	delivery	2115:2122	arg1	efficiency					2124:2133	gene delivery efficiency	2110:2133	gene delivery efficiency	2110:2133	No significant difference in gene delivery efficiency was detected between HACC/pEGFP-GDNF and liposome/pEGFP-GDNF complexes (33.8 vs. 34 %, P = 0.363).
25686559	15	120	theme	distinct	1880:1887	arg1	phases					1889:1894	two distinct phases	1876:1894	two distinct phases	1876:1894	The nanoparticles released DNA in two distinct phases, and 55 % was released within the first 20 h of solubilization.
25686559	10	121	theme	FTIR	1263:1266	arg1	spectrum					1268:1275	The FTIR spectrum	1259:1275	The FTIR spectrum of HACC	1259:1283	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	1	122	theme	HACC	283:286	arg1	series					273:278	a series	271:278	a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes	271:310	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	17	123	theme	human	2068:2072	arg1	cells					2074:2078	human cells	2068:2078	human cells	2068:2078	The particles exhibited no cytotoxicity against human cells.
25686559	22	124	theme	safe	2594:2597	arg1	delivery					2604:2611	efficient and safe gene delivery	2580:2611	efficient and safe gene delivery	2580:2611	The results suggest that HACC nanoparticles are a novel tool for efficient and safe gene delivery.
25686559	10	125	theme	characteristic	1296:1309	arg1	band					1348:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band	1292:1351	The FTIR spectrum of HACC showed the characteristic quaternary ammonium group absorption band at 1475 cm(-1), which indicated the presence of quaternary ammonium group.
25686559	14	126	dep	negative	1727:1734	arg1	to					1736:1737	to	1736:1737	to	1736:1737	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	14	126	dep	negative	1727:1734	arg1	positive					1739:1746	positive	1739:1746	positive	1739:1746	With increased weight ratios, the surface charge of the composite particle increased from negative to positive, the average particle size increased, and HACC nanoparticle had a higher carrying efficiency.
25686559	1	127	theme	N-2-hydroxypropyl	199:215	arg1	chloride					236:243	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	199:243	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	199:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
25686559	8	128	theme	nanoparticles	1080:1092	arg1	cytotoxicity					1046:1057	The cytotoxicity	1042:1057	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles	1042:1092	The cytotoxicity of HACC and HACC/DNA nanoparticles was evaluated by MTT assay using (mesenchymal stem cell) MSC lines.
25686559	6	129	theme	particle	769:776	arg1	size					778:781	particle size	769:781	particle size	769:781	The resulting particle size and surface charge were assessed by laser light scattering using a zeta potential analyzer.
25686559	4	130	theme	nuclear	562:568	arg1	NMR					590:592	NMR	590:592	NMR	590:592	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	4	130	theme	nuclear	562:568	arg1	resonance					579:587	H nuclear magnetic resonance	560:587	H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC	560:609	(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of HACC were obtained using a spectrometer.
25686559	1	131	theme	ammonium	227:234	arg1	chloride					236:243	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride	199:243	N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)	199:259	The aim of this study was to synthesize a chitosan (CS) derivative, a quaternary ammonium salt crystal called N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC), and test a series of HACC and pEGFP-DNA complexes at different weight ratios for their efficiency of gene delivery into human cells.
28083922	0	0	theme	microbial	97:105	arg1	composition					107:117	gut microbial composition	93:117	gut microbial composition	93:117	Neoagarotetraose protects mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue damage by modulating gut microbial composition and function.
28083922	4	1	theme	profound	718:725	arg1	change					727:732	a profound change	716:732	a profound change	716:732	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	3	2	theme	mice	539:542	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	2	theme	mice	539:542	arg1	parameters					521:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	2	theme	mice	539:542	arg1	integrity					612:620	impaired integrity	603:620	impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier	603:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	2	theme	mice	539:542	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	1	3	theme	intense	266:272	arg1	exercise					274:281	intense exercise	266:281	intense exercise	266:281	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	0	4	theme	gut	93:95	arg1	composition					107:117	gut microbial composition	93:117	gut microbial composition	93:117	Neoagarotetraose protects mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue damage by modulating gut microbial composition and function.
28083922	5	5	theme	total	939:943	arg1	acids					963:967	total short-chain fatty acids	939:967	total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01)	939:978	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	5	5	theme	total	939:943	arg1	<					972:972	p < 0.01	970:977	p < 0.01	970:977	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	5	6	theme	short-chain	945:955	arg1	acids					963:967	total short-chain fatty acids	939:967	total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01)	939:978	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	5	6	theme	short-chain	945:955	arg1	<					972:972	p < 0.01	970:977	p < 0.01	970:977	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	2	7	from	effects	341:347	arg1	mice					378:381	mice	378:381	mice	378:381	In this study, we investigated the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice under intense exercise stress.
28083922	4	8	theme	widespread	787:796	arg1	shifts					798:803	widespread shifts	787:803	widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome	787:853	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	4	9	theme	16-day	683:688	arg1	treatment					694:702	a 16-day NAT treatment	681:702	a 16-day NAT treatment	681:702	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	3	10	theme	reduced	578:584	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	5	11	theme	p	970:970	arg1	acids					963:967	total short-chain fatty acids	939:967	total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01)	939:978	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	5	11	theme	p	970:970	arg1	<					972:972	p < 0.01	970:977	p < 0.01	970:977	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	5	12	theme	fatty	957:961	arg1	acids					963:967	total short-chain fatty acids	939:967	total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01)	939:978	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	5	12	theme	fatty	957:961	arg1	<					972:972	p < 0.01	970:977	p < 0.01	970:977	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	3	13	theme	food	565:568	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	14	theme	Exhaustive	436:445	arg1	stress					456:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	1	15	theme	important	184:192	arg1	issue					201:205	an important health issue	181:205	an important health issue	181:205	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	0	16	theme	fatigue	64:70	arg1	damage					72:77	intense exercise-induced fatigue damage	39:77	intense exercise-induced fatigue damage	39:77	Neoagarotetraose protects mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue damage by modulating gut microbial composition and function.
28083922	6	17	theme	potential	1143:1151	arg1	insights					1102:1109	insights	1102:1109	insights into the mechanisms of NAT	1102:1136	CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic.
28083922	6	17	theme	potential	1143:1151	arg1	prebiotic					1153:1161	a potential prebiotic	1141:1161	a potential prebiotic	1141:1161	CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic.
28083922	1	18	theme	health	194:199	arg1	issue					201:205	an important health issue	181:205	an important health issue	181:205	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	2	19	theme	antifatigue	329:339	arg1	effects					341:347	the potential antifatigue effects	315:347	the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice	315:381	In this study, we investigated the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice under intense exercise stress.
28083922	2	20	theme	intense	389:395	arg1	stress					406:411	intense exercise stress	389:411	intense exercise stress	389:411	In this study, we investigated the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice under intense exercise stress.
28083922	2	21	theme	potential	319:327	arg1	effects					341:347	the potential antifatigue effects	315:347	the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice	315:381	In this study, we investigated the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice under intense exercise stress.
28083922	3	22	theme	exercise	447:454	arg1	stress					456:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	6	23	dep	CONCLUSION	981:990	arg1	suggest					1015:1021	suggest	1015:1021	suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic	1015:1161	CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic.
28083922	3	24	theme	body	586:589	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	25	theme	physiological	494:506	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	25	theme	physiological	494:506	arg1	parameters					521:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	25	theme	physiological	494:506	arg1	integrity					612:620	impaired integrity	603:620	impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier	603:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	25	theme	physiological	494:506	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	4	26	from	change	727:732	arg1	composition					748:758	microbiome composition	737:758	microbiome composition	737:758	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	1	27	theme	gastrointestinal	212:227	arg1	concern					251:257	a common concern	242:257	a common concern during intense exercise	242:281	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	1	27	theme	gastrointestinal	212:227	arg1	problems					229:236	gastrointestinal problems	212:236	gastrointestinal problems	212:236	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	0	28	theme	exercise-induced	47:62	arg1	damage					72:77	intense exercise-induced fatigue damage	39:77	intense exercise-induced fatigue damage	39:77	Neoagarotetraose protects mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue damage by modulating gut microbial composition and function.
28083922	2	29	theme	neoagarotetraose	352:367	arg1	effects					341:347	the potential antifatigue effects	315:347	the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice	315:381	In this study, we investigated the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice under intense exercise stress.
28083922	6	30	theme	exercise-induced	1065:1080	arg1	fatigue					1082:1088	intense exercise-induced fatigue	1057:1088	intense exercise-induced fatigue	1057:1088	CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic.
28083922	4	31	theme	gut	840:842	arg1	microbiome					844:853	the gut microbiome	836:853	the gut microbiome	836:853	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	4	32	theme	NAT	690:692	arg1	treatment					694:702	a 16-day NAT treatment	681:702	a 16-day NAT treatment	681:702	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	5	33	theme	NAT	869:871	arg1	administration					873:886	NAT administration	869:886	NAT administration	869:886	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	0	34	theme	intense	39:45	arg1	damage					72:77	intense exercise-induced fatigue damage	39:77	intense exercise-induced fatigue damage	39:77	Neoagarotetraose protects mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue damage by modulating gut microbial composition and function.
28083922	3	35	theme	METHODS	428:434	arg1	stress					456:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	5	36	theme	acids	963:967	arg1	concentration					922:934	the fecal concentration	912:934	the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01)	912:978	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	3	37	theme	several	486:492	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	37	theme	several	486:492	arg1	parameters					521:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	37	theme	several	486:492	arg1	integrity					612:620	impaired integrity	603:620	impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier	603:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	37	theme	several	486:492	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	6	38	theme	intense	1057:1063	arg1	fatigue					1082:1088	intense exercise-induced fatigue	1057:1088	intense exercise-induced fatigue	1057:1088	CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic.
28083922	3	39	theme	impaired	603:610	arg1	integrity					612:620	impaired integrity	603:620	impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier	603:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	1	40	theme	SCOPE	133:137	arg1	stress					159:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress	133:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress	133:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	3	41	theme	MATERIALS	414:422	arg1	stress					456:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress	414:461	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	42	theme	physical	512:519	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	42	theme	physical	512:519	arg1	parameters					521:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	several physiological and physical parameters	486:530	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	42	theme	physical	512:519	arg1	integrity					612:620	impaired integrity	603:620	impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier	603:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	42	theme	physical	512:519	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	4	43	theme	microbiome	844:853	arg1	potential					823:831	the functional potential	808:831	the functional potential of the gut microbiome	808:853	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	1	44	theme	Exhaustive	139:148	arg1	stress					159:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress	133:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress	133:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	4	45	theme	functional	812:821	arg1	potential					823:831	the functional potential	808:831	the functional potential of the gut microbiome	808:853	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	3	46	theme	barrier	651:657	arg1	weight					591:596	reduced body weight	578:596	reduced body weight	578:596	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	46	theme	barrier	651:657	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	46	theme	barrier	651:657	arg1	integrity					612:620	impaired integrity	603:620	impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier	603:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	4	47	from	shifts	798:803	arg1	potential					823:831	the functional potential	808:831	the functional potential of the gut microbiome	808:853	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	1	48	theme	exercise	150:157	arg1	stress					159:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress	133:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress	133:164	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	5	49	theme	fecal	916:920	arg1	concentration					922:934	the fecal concentration	912:934	the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01)	912:978	Furthermore, NAT administration significantly increased the fecal concentration of total short-chain fatty acids (p < 0.01).
28083922	4	50	theme	microbiome	737:746	arg1	composition					748:758	microbiome composition	737:758	microbiome composition	737:758	Our data showed that a 16-day NAT treatment resulted in a profound change in microbiome composition, which subsequently led to widespread shifts in the functional potential of the gut microbiome.
28083922	1	51	theme	common	244:249	arg1	concern					251:257	a common concern	242:257	a common concern during intense exercise	242:281	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	1	51	theme	common	244:249	arg1	problems					229:236	gastrointestinal problems	212:236	gastrointestinal problems	212:236	SCOPE Exhaustive exercise stress has emerged as an important health issue, and gastrointestinal problems are a common concern during intense exercise.
28083922	6	52	theme	NAT	1134:1136	arg1	mechanisms					1120:1129	the mechanisms	1116:1129	the mechanisms of NAT	1116:1136	CONCLUSION Together, our findings suggest that NAT may protect mice against intense exercise-induced fatigue and provide insights into the mechanisms of NAT as a potential prebiotic.
28083922	3	53	theme	intestinal	629:638	arg1	barrier					651:657	the intestinal epithelial barrier	625:657	the intestinal epithelial barrier	625:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	2	54	theme	exercise	397:404	arg1	stress					406:411	intense exercise stress	389:411	intense exercise stress	389:411	In this study, we investigated the potential antifatigue effects of neoagarotetraose (NAT) in mice under intense exercise stress.
28083922	3	55	theme	epithelial	640:649	arg1	barrier					651:657	the intestinal epithelial barrier	625:657	the intestinal epithelial barrier	625:657	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
28083922	3	56	theme	decreased	555:563	arg1	intake					570:575	decreased food intake	555:575	decreased food intake	555:575	MATERIALS AND METHODS Exhaustive exercise stress significantly weakened several physiological and physical parameters of the mice, including decreased food intake, reduced body weight, and impaired integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier.
24342800	3	0	theme	synthesis	539:547	arg1	route					549:553	Developed synthesis route	529:553	Developed synthesis route	529:553	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	1	1	theme	different	292:300	arg1	compositions					302:313	four systematically different compositions	272:313	four systematically different compositions	272:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	3	2	from	matrix	640:645	arg1	embedded					624:631	embedded	624:631	embedded	624:631	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	3	3	theme	dimensional	713:723	arg1	structures					739:748	three dimensional nanocomposite structures	707:748	a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	685:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	6	4	theme	matrix	1473:1478	arg1	biomineralization					1489:1505	matrix mediated biomineralization	1473:1505	matrix mediated biomineralization	1473:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	5	5	theme	state	1179:1183	arg1	resonance					1208:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	1173:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR)	1173:1228	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	5	theme	state	1179:1183	arg1	NMR					1225:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	7	6	theme	cancellous	1717:1726	arg1	bone					1728:1731	cancellous bone	1717:1731	cancellous bone	1717:1731	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	3	7	theme	strong	700:705	arg1	structures					739:748	three dimensional nanocomposite structures	707:748	a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	685:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	6	8	theme	similar	1462:1468	arg1	process					1454:1460	a process	1452:1460	a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization	1452:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	1	9	theme	cellulose	214:222	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	4	10	theme	cross	849:853	arg1	linker					855:860	any toxic cross linker	839:860	any toxic cross linker	839:860	The process does not involve any toxic cross linker and works at near ambient conditions.
24342800	8	11	theme	interesting	1816:1826	arg1	increase					1737:1744	An increase	1734:1744	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity	1734:1802	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	8	11	theme	interesting	1816:1826	arg1	observation					1828:1838	an interesting observation	1813:1838	an interesting observation in the present study	1813:1859	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	1	12	theme	CMC	225:227	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	7	13	theme	synthetic	1692:1700	arg1	grafts					1702:1707	the synthetic grafts	1688:1707	the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone	1688:1731	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	9	14	theme	In	1862:1863	arg1	cytotoxicity					1871:1882	In vitro cytotoxicity	1862:1882	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites	1862:1916	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	3	15	theme	structures	739:748	arg1	formation					672:680	the formation	668:680	the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	668:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	3	16	theme	HA	585:586	arg1	particles					588:596	HA particles	585:596	HA particles	585:596	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	1	17	theme	-hydroxyapatite	229:243	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	8	18	theme	present	1847:1853	arg1	study					1855:1859	the present study	1843:1859	the present study	1843:1859	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	5	19	theme	transmission	1079:1090	arg1	TEM					1113:1115	TEM	1113:1115	TEM	1113:1115	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	19	theme	transmission	1079:1090	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	19	theme	transmission	1079:1090	arg1	microscopy					1101:1110	transmission electron microscopy	1079:1110	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	1079:1116	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	1	20	contain	having	265:270	arg2	compositions					302:313	four systematically different compositions	272:313	four systematically different compositions	272:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	1	20	contain	having	265:270	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	1	21	theme	HA	246:247	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	4	22	theme	ambient	880:886	arg1	conditions					888:897	near ambient conditions	875:897	near ambient conditions	875:897	The process does not involve any toxic cross linker and works at near ambient conditions.
24342800	5	23	theme	force	1055:1059	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	23	theme	force	1055:1059	arg1	AFM					1073:1075	AFM	1073:1075	AFM	1073:1075	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	23	theme	force	1055:1059	arg1	microscopy					1061:1070	atomic force microscopy	1048:1070	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	1048:1076	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	7	24	theme	strength	1675:1682	arg1	range					1654:1658	the desired range	1642:1658	the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone	1642:1731	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	7	25	theme	nanocomposites	1556:1569	arg1	strength					1520:1527	Compressive strength	1508:1527	Compressive strength	1508:1527	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	7	25	theme	nanocomposites	1556:1569	arg1	modulus					1545:1551	compressive modulus	1533:1551	compressive modulus	1533:1551	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	9	26	theme	nanocomposites	1903:1916	arg1	cytotoxicity					1871:1882	In vitro cytotoxicity	1862:1882	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites	1862:1916	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	5	27	dep	using	982:986	arg1	transform					1152:1160	transform	1152:1160	transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test	1152:1293	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	3	28	theme	matrix	802:807	arg1	cross					766:770	physical cross linking	757:778	physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	757:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	1	29	theme	novel	157:161	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	8	30	from	increase	1737:1744	arg1	strength					1765:1772	the compressive strength	1749:1772	the compressive strength with increase in the porosity	1749:1802	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	5	31	theme	C	1223:1223	arg1	resonance					1208:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	1173:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR)	1173:1228	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	31	theme	C	1223:1223	arg1	NMR					1225:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	3	32	theme	impregnated	786:796	arg1	matrix					802:807	HA impregnated CMC matrix	783:807	HA impregnated CMC matrix	783:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	0	33	theme	dimensional	81:91	arg1	grafts					111:116	novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts	69:116	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	1	34	theme	dimensional	169:179	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	7	35	theme	desired	1646:1652	arg1	range					1654:1658	the desired range	1642:1658	the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone	1642:1731	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	2	36	theme	biomineralization	502:518	arg1	process					520:526	a matrix mediated biomineralization process	484:526	a matrix mediated biomineralization process	484:526	Our process, being in situ, involves a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process.
24342800	8	37	from	strength	1765:1772	arg1	porosity					1795:1802	the porosity	1791:1802	the porosity	1791:1802	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	5	38	theme	magnetic	1199:1206	arg1	resonance					1208:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	1173:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR)	1173:1228	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	38	theme	magnetic	1199:1206	arg1	NMR					1225:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	0	39	theme	bearing	98:104	arg1	grafts					111:116	novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts	69:116	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	1	40	theme	synthetic	383:391	arg1	graft					398:402	synthetic bone graft	383:402	synthetic bone graft	383:402	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	1	41	theme	porous	193:198	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	7	42	theme	Compressive	1508:1518	arg1	strength					1520:1527	Compressive strength	1508:1527	Compressive strength	1508:1527	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	9	43	theme	marrow	1948:1953	arg1	BMSC					1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	9	43	theme	marrow	1948:1953	arg1	cells					1972:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1943:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat	1943:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	5	44	theme	various	988:994	arg1	techniques					996:1005	various techniques	988:1005	various techniques	988:1005	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	9	45	theme	stem	1967:1970	arg1	BMSC					1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	9	45	theme	stem	1967:1970	arg1	cells					1972:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1943:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat	1943:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	7	46	theme	MPa	1618:1620	arg1	range					1585:1589	the range	1581:1589	the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively	1581:1634	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	0	47	theme	Biomimetic	0:9	arg1	nanocomposites					11:24	Biomimetic nanocomposites	0:24	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	0	47	theme	Biomimetic	0:9	arg1	cellulose-hydroxyapatite					43:66	carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite	29:66	carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite	29:66	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	2	48	theme	simple	444:449	arg1	route					470:474	a simple and cost effective route	442:474	a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process	442:526	Our process, being in situ, involves a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process.
24342800	1	49	theme	innovative	122:131	arg1	synthesis					144:152	An innovative biomimetic synthesis	119:152	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	119:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	5	50	theme	thermo-gravimetric	1231:1248	arg1	TGA					1260:1262	TGA	1260:1262	TGA	1260:1262	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	50	theme	thermo-gravimetric	1231:1248	arg1	analysis					1250:1257	thermo-gravimetric analysis	1231:1257	thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA)	1231:1263	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	0	51	theme	cellulose-hydroxyapatite	43:66	arg1	nanocomposites					11:24	Biomimetic nanocomposites	0:24	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	0	51	theme	cellulose-hydroxyapatite	43:66	arg1	cellulose-hydroxyapatite					43:66	carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite	29:66	carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite	29:66	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	1	52	theme	possible	344:351	arg1	application					353:363	its possible application	340:363	its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft	340:402	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	0	53	theme	novel	69:73	arg1	grafts					111:116	novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts	69:116	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	5	54	theme	atomic	1048:1053	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	54	theme	atomic	1048:1053	arg1	AFM					1073:1075	AFM	1073:1075	AFM	1073:1075	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	54	theme	atomic	1048:1053	arg1	microscopy					1061:1070	atomic force microscopy	1048:1070	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	1048:1076	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	9	55	theme	Wistar	1999:2004	arg1	rat					2006:2008	Wistar rat	1999:2008	Wistar rat	1999:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	5	56	theme	electron	1021:1028	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	56	theme	electron	1021:1028	arg1	microscopy					1101:1110	transmission electron microscopy	1079:1110	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	1079:1116	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	56	theme	electron	1021:1028	arg1	diffraction					1125:1135	X-ray diffraction	1119:1135	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	1119:1141	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	56	theme	electron	1021:1028	arg1	microscopy					1061:1070	atomic force microscopy	1048:1070	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	1048:1076	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	56	theme	electron	1021:1028	arg1	SEM					1042:1044	SEM	1042:1044	SEM	1042:1044	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	57	theme	Universal	1269:1277	arg1	test					1290:1293	Universal mechanical test	1269:1293	Universal mechanical test	1269:1293	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	3	58	theme	Developed	529:537	arg1	route					549:553	Developed synthesis route	529:553	Developed synthesis route	529:553	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	9	59	dep	In	1862:1863	arg1	vitro					1865:1869	vitro	1865:1869	vitro	1865:1869	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	6	60	theme	driving	1371:1377	arg1	force					1379:1383	the main driving force	1362:1383	the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization	1362:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	6	60	theme	driving	1371:1377	arg1	interactions					1345:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	5	61	theme	solid	1173:1177	arg1	resonance					1208:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	1173:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR)	1173:1228	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	61	theme	solid	1173:1177	arg1	NMR					1225:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	8	62	with	strength	1765:1772	arg1	increase					1779:1786	increase	1779:1786	increase	1779:1786	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	3	63	theme	nanocomposite	725:737	arg1	structures					739:748	three dimensional nanocomposite structures	707:748	a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	685:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	1	64	theme	carboxymethyl	200:212	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	3	65	theme	particles	588:596	arg1	size					577:580	the size	573:580	the size of HA particles	573:596	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	4	66	theme	toxic	843:847	arg1	linker					855:860	any toxic cross linker	839:860	any toxic cross linker	839:860	The process does not involve any toxic cross linker and works at near ambient conditions.
24342800	3	67	theme	physical	757:764	arg1	cross					766:770	physical cross linking	757:778	physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	757:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	3	68	theme	due	750:752	arg1	structures					739:748	three dimensional nanocomposite structures	707:748	a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	685:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	6	69	theme	dimensional	1421:1431	arg1	nanocomposites					1433:1446	three dimensional nanocomposites	1415:1446	three dimensional nanocomposites	1415:1446	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	3	70	theme	HA	783:784	arg1	matrix					802:807	HA impregnated CMC matrix	783:807	HA impregnated CMC matrix	783:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	5	71	theme	electron	1092:1099	arg1	TEM					1113:1115	TEM	1113:1115	TEM	1113:1115	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	71	theme	electron	1092:1099	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	71	theme	electron	1092:1099	arg1	microscopy					1101:1110	transmission electron microscopy	1079:1110	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	1079:1116	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	1	72	theme	biomimetic	133:142	arg1	synthesis					144:152	An innovative biomimetic synthesis	119:152	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	119:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	4	73	theme	near	875:878	arg1	conditions					888:897	near ambient conditions	875:897	near ambient conditions	875:897	The process does not involve any toxic cross linker and works at near ambient conditions.
24342800	9	74	theme	synthesized	1891:1901	arg1	nanocomposites					1903:1916	the synthesized nanocomposites	1887:1916	the synthesized nanocomposites	1887:1916	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	3	75	theme	linking	772:778	arg1	cross					766:770	physical cross linking	757:778	physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix	757:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	7	76	theme	compressive	1533:1543	arg1	modulus					1545:1551	compressive modulus	1533:1551	compressive modulus	1533:1551	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	0	77	theme	load	93:96	arg1	grafts					111:116	novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts	69:116	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	3	78	theme	nm	620:621	arg1	range					605:609	the range	601:609	the range of 15-50 nm	601:621	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	7	79	theme	compressive	1663:1673	arg1	strength					1675:1682	compressive strength	1663:1682	compressive strength	1663:1682	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	5	80	theme	nuclear	1191:1197	arg1	resonance					1208:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	1173:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR)	1173:1228	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	80	theme	nuclear	1191:1197	arg1	NMR					1225:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	3	81	theme	CMC	798:800	arg1	matrix					802:807	HA impregnated CMC matrix	783:807	HA impregnated CMC matrix	783:807	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	0	82	theme	bone	106:109	arg1	grafts					111:116	novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts	69:116	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	5	83	theme	X-ray	1119:1123	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	83	theme	X-ray	1119:1123	arg1	XRD					1138:1140	XRD	1138:1140	XRD	1138:1140	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	83	theme	X-ray	1119:1123	arg1	diffraction					1125:1135	X-ray diffraction	1119:1135	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	1119:1141	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	6	84	theme	mediated	1480:1487	arg1	biomineralization					1489:1505	matrix mediated biomineralization	1473:1505	matrix mediated biomineralization	1473:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	1	85	theme	micro/macro	181:191	arg1	nanocomposites					250:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites	157:263	novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	157:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	2	86	theme	mediated	493:500	arg1	process					520:526	a matrix mediated biomineralization process	484:526	a matrix mediated biomineralization process	484:526	Our process, being in situ, involves a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process.
24342800	9	87	theme	bone	1943:1946	arg1	BMSC					1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	9	87	theme	bone	1943:1946	arg1	cells					1972:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1943:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat	1943:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	1	88	theme	bone	393:396	arg1	graft					398:402	synthetic bone graft	383:402	synthetic bone graft	383:402	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	9	89	theme	mesenchymal	1955:1965	arg1	BMSC					1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	9	89	theme	mesenchymal	1955:1965	arg1	cells					1972:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1943:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat	1943:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	3	90	from	embedded	624:631	arg1	matrix					640:645	CMC matrix	636:645	CMC matrix	636:645	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	6	91	theme	main	1366:1369	arg1	force					1379:1383	the main driving force	1362:1383	the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization	1362:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	6	91	theme	main	1366:1369	arg1	interactions					1345:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	8	92	theme	compressive	1753:1763	arg1	strength					1765:1772	the compressive strength	1749:1772	the compressive strength with increase in the porosity	1749:1802	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	2	93	theme	effective	460:468	arg1	route					470:474	a simple and cost effective route	442:474	a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process	442:526	Our process, being in situ, involves a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process.
24342800	0	94	theme	carboxymethyl	29:41	arg1	cellulose-hydroxyapatite					43:66	carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite	29:66	carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite	29:66	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	6	95	theme	electrostatic	1331:1343	arg1	force					1379:1383	the main driving force	1362:1383	the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization	1362:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	6	95	theme	electrostatic	1331:1343	arg1	interactions					1345:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	7	96	theme	MPa	1602:1604	arg1	range					1585:1589	the range	1581:1589	the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively	1581:1634	Compressive strength and compressive modulus of nanocomposites, being in the range of 1.74-12 MPa and 157-330 MPa, respectively, meet the desired range of compressive strength for the synthetic grafts used in cancellous bone.
24342800	8	97	from	observation	1828:1838	arg1	study					1855:1859	the present study	1843:1859	the present study	1843:1859	An increase in the compressive strength with increase in the porosity has been an interesting observation in the present study.
24342800	3	98	theme	CMC	636:638	arg1	matrix					640:645	CMC matrix	636:645	CMC matrix	636:645	Developed synthesis route not only controls the size of HA particles in the range of 15-50 nm, embedded in CMC matrix, but also assists in the formation of a mechanically strong three dimensional nanocomposite structures due to physical cross linking of HA impregnated CMC matrix.
24342800	6	99	theme	ionic/polar	1316:1326	arg1	force					1379:1383	the main driving force	1362:1383	the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization	1362:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	6	99	theme	ionic/polar	1316:1326	arg1	interactions					1345:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions	1312:1356	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	2	100	theme	akin	476:479	arg1	route					470:474	a simple and cost effective route	442:474	a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process	442:526	Our process, being in situ, involves a simple and cost effective route akin to a matrix mediated biomineralization process.
24342800	5	101	theme	scanning	1012:1019	arg1	microscopy					1030:1039	scanning electron microscopy	1012:1039	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	1012:1045	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	101	theme	scanning	1012:1019	arg1	microscopy					1101:1110	transmission electron microscopy	1079:1110	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	1079:1116	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	101	theme	scanning	1012:1019	arg1	diffraction					1125:1135	X-ray diffraction	1119:1135	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	1119:1141	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	101	theme	scanning	1012:1019	arg1	microscopy					1061:1070	atomic force microscopy	1048:1070	atomic force microscopy (AFM)	1048:1076	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	101	theme	scanning	1012:1019	arg1	SEM					1042:1044	SEM	1042:1044	SEM	1042:1044	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	9	102	attach	isolated	1985:1992	arg1	rat					2006:2008	Wistar rat	1999:2008	Wistar rat	1999:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	9	102	attach	isolated	1985:1992	arg2	cells					1972:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells	1943:1976	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat	1943:2008	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	9	102	attach	isolated	1985:1992	arg2	BMSC					1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	BMSC	1979:1982	In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized nanocomposites has been evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) isolated from Wistar rat.
24342800	6	103	theme	load	1402:1405	arg1	formation					1389:1397	formation	1389:1397	formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization	1389:1505	It reveals that the ionic/polar or electrostatic interactions are the main driving force for formation of load bearing three dimensional nanocomposites via a process similar to matrix mediated biomineralization.
24342800	1	104	theme	nanocomposites	250:263	arg1	synthesis					144:152	An innovative biomimetic synthesis	119:152	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions	119:313	An innovative biomimetic synthesis of novel three dimensional micro/macro porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposites having four systematically different compositions has been established for its possible application as a load bearing synthetic bone graft.
24342800	0	105	dep	nanocomposites	11:24	arg1	grafts					111:116	novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts	69:116	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.	0:117	Biomimetic nanocomposites of carboxymethyl cellulose-hydroxyapatite: novel three dimensional load bearing bone grafts.
24342800	5	106	theme	mechanical	1279:1288	arg1	test					1290:1293	Universal mechanical test	1269:1293	Universal mechanical test	1269:1293	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	107	theme	C	1189:1189	arg1	resonance					1208:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	1173:1216	solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR)	1173:1228	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
24342800	5	107	theme	C	1189:1189	arg1	NMR					1225:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	(13)C NMR	1219:1227	The nanocomposites are systematically structurally and mechanically characterized using various techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform IR (FTIR), solid state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance ((13)C NMR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Universal mechanical test.
26710728	0	0	theme	Composite	61:69	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	6	1	theme	perfusion	573:581	arg1	parameters					583:592	perfusion parameters	573:592	perfusion parameters	573:592	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	2	2	dep	METHODS	235:241	arg1	used					246:249	used	246:249	used 20 swine for the study	246:272	METHODS We used 20 swine for the study.
26710728	1	3	theme	allograft	200:208	arg1	survival					210:217	limb allograft survival	195:217	limb allograft survival	195:217	PURPOSE To test the potential for the ex situ limb perfusion system to prolong limb allograft survival up to 24 hours.
26710728	0	4	theme	Vascularized	48:59	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	0	5	from	Effect	4:9	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	0	5	from	Effect	4:9	arg1	Survival					91:98	Survival	91:98	Survival	91:98	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	13	6	theme	limb	1553:1556	arg1	survival					1558:1565	limb survival	1553:1565	limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods	1553:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	9	7	theme	electrical	1007:1016	arg1	stimulation					1018:1028	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation	993:1028	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation	993:1028	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	13	8	dep	ex	1573:1574	arg1	situ					1576:1579	situ	1576:1579	situ	1576:1579	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	9	9	from	group	1078:1082	arg1	end					1056:1058	the end	1052:1058	the end of reperfusion in group 2	1052:1084	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	13	10	theme	survival	1558:1565	arg1	prolongation					1537:1548	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation	1507:1548	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods	1507:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	9	11	theme	Neuromuscular	993:1005	arg1	stimulation					1018:1028	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation	993:1028	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation	993:1028	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	pH					641:642	pH	641:642	pH	641:642	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	glucose					692:698	glucose	692:698	glucose	692:698	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	saturation					659:668	O2 saturation	656:668	O2 saturation	656:668	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	Na					671:672	Na	671:672	Na	671:672	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	gases					617:621	perfusate gases	607:621	perfusate gases	607:621	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	Ca					682:683	Ca	682:683	Ca	682:683	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	pCO2					645:648	pCO2	645:648	pCO2	645:648	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	lactate					705:711	lactate	705:711	lactate	705:711	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	HCO3					686:689	HCO3	686:689	HCO3	686:689	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	pO2					651:653	pO2	651:653	pO2	651:653	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	K					675:675	K	675:675	K	675:675	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	12	dep	gases	617:621	arg1	Cl					678:679	Cl	678:679	Cl	678:679	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	0	13	theme	Tissue	71:76	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	12	14	theme	autologous	1489:1498	arg1	blood					1500:1504	autologous blood	1489:1504	autologous blood	1489:1504	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	8	15	theme	circulation	938:948	arg1	RESULTS					889:895	RESULTS	889:895	RESULTS In both groups	889:910	RESULTS In both groups, hemodynamic variables of circulation remained stable throughout the experiment.
26710728	8	15	theme	circulation	938:948	arg1	variables					925:933	hemodynamic variables	913:933	hemodynamic variables of circulation	913:948	RESULTS In both groups, hemodynamic variables of circulation remained stable throughout the experiment.
26710728	9	16	from	reperfusion	1063:1073	arg1	group					1078:1082	group 2	1078:1084	group 2	1078:1084	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	12	17	dep	24	1437:1438	arg1	to					1434:1435	to	1434:1435	to	1434:1435	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	13	18	theme	CLINICAL	1507:1514	arg1	RELEVANCE					1516:1524	CLINICAL RELEVANCE	1507:1524	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods	1507:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	10	19	from	increase	1135:1142	arg1	levels					1155:1160	lactate levels	1147:1160	lactate levels	1147:1160	In group 2, a gradual increase in lactate levels during pump perfusion returned to normal after transplantation.
26710728	0	20	from	Perfusion	22:30	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	13	21	theme	RELEVANCE	1516:1524	arg1	prolongation					1537:1548	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation	1507:1548	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods	1507:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	12	22	theme	survival	1422:1429	arg1	hours					1440:1444	extended limb survival up to 24 hours	1408:1444	extended limb survival up to 24 hours	1408:1444	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	13	23	theme	Successful	1526:1535	arg1	prolongation					1537:1548	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation	1507:1548	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods	1507:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	9	24	from	response	1092:1099	arg1	group					1104:1108	group 1	1104:1110	group 1	1104:1110	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	11	25	theme	contralateral	1244:1256	arg1	limb					1258:1261	the contralateral limb	1240:1261	the contralateral limb in group 2	1240:1272	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	3	26	theme	heparin	324:330	arg1	solution					332:339	heparin solution	324:339	heparin solution	324:339	In group 1 (control), 4 limbs were perfused with heparin solution and preserved at 4°C for 6 hours.
26710728	13	27	theme	extremity	1651:1659	arg1	revascularization					1627:1643	revascularization	1627:1643	revascularization of an extremity	1627:1659	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	11	28	theme	experiment	1368:1377	arg1	end					1357:1359	the end	1353:1359	the end of the experiment	1353:1377	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	12	29	theme	normothermic	1452:1463	arg1	perfusion					1475:1483	normothermic pulsatile perfusion	1452:1483	normothermic pulsatile perfusion	1452:1483	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	0	30	theme	Ex	14:15	arg1	Perfusion					22:30	Ex Situ Perfusion	14:30	Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	14:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	11	31	from	limb	1258:1261	arg1	group					1266:1270	group 2	1266:1272	group 2	1266:1272	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	11	32	theme	single-muscle	1275:1287	arg1	testing					1309:1315	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	1275:1315	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	1275:1315	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	1	33	theme	ex	154:155	arg1	system					177:182	the ex situ limb perfusion system	150:182	the ex situ limb perfusion system	150:182	PURPOSE To test the potential for the ex situ limb perfusion system to prolong limb allograft survival up to 24 hours.
26710728	10	34	theme	pump	1169:1172	arg1	perfusion					1174:1182	pump perfusion	1169:1182	pump perfusion	1169:1182	In group 2, a gradual increase in lactate levels during pump perfusion returned to normal after transplantation.
26710728	6	35	theme	electrostimulation	738:755	arg1	hourly					757:762	functional electrostimulation hourly	727:762	functional electrostimulation hourly	727:762	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	9	36	theme	reperfusion	1063:1073	arg1	end					1056:1058	the end	1052:1058	the end of reperfusion in group 2	1052:1084	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	0	37	theme	Perfusion	22:30	arg1	Effect					4:9	The Effect	0:9	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival	0:98	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	6	38	theme	functional	727:736	arg1	hourly					757:762	functional electrostimulation hourly	727:762	functional electrostimulation hourly	727:762	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	7	39	theme	fiber	860:864	arg1	testing					880:886	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	846:886	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	846:886	Histology samples were obtained for TUNEL staining and single-muscle fiber contractility testing.
26710728	12	40	theme	pulsatile	1465:1473	arg1	perfusion					1475:1483	normothermic pulsatile perfusion	1452:1483	normothermic pulsatile perfusion	1452:1483	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	1	41	theme	limb	162:165	arg1	system					177:182	the ex situ limb perfusion system	150:182	the ex situ limb perfusion system	150:182	PURPOSE To test the potential for the ex situ limb perfusion system to prolong limb allograft survival up to 24 hours.
26710728	12	42	theme	extended	1408:1415	arg1	hours					1440:1444	extended limb survival up to 24 hours	1408:1444	extended limb survival up to 24 hours	1408:1444	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	7	43	theme	contractility	866:878	arg1	testing					880:886	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	846:886	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	846:886	Histology samples were obtained for TUNEL staining and single-muscle fiber contractility testing.
26710728	13	44	theme	more	1613:1616	arg1	time					1618:1621	more time	1613:1621	more time for revascularization of an extremity	1613:1659	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	10	45	theme	lactate	1147:1153	arg1	levels					1155:1160	lactate levels	1147:1160	lactate levels	1147:1160	In group 2, a gradual increase in lactate levels during pump perfusion returned to normal after transplantation.
26710728	1	46	theme	perfusion	167:175	arg1	system					177:182	the ex situ limb perfusion system	150:182	the ex situ limb perfusion system	150:182	PURPOSE To test the potential for the ex situ limb perfusion system to prolong limb allograft survival up to 24 hours.
26710728	13	47	theme	perfusion	1581:1589	arg1	methods					1591:1597	ex situ perfusion methods	1573:1597	ex situ perfusion methods	1573:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	8	48	theme	hemodynamic	913:923	arg1	RESULTS					889:895	RESULTS	889:895	RESULTS In both groups	889:910	RESULTS In both groups, hemodynamic variables of circulation remained stable throughout the experiment.
26710728	8	48	theme	hemodynamic	913:923	arg1	variables					925:933	hemodynamic variables	913:933	hemodynamic variables of circulation	913:948	RESULTS In both groups, hemodynamic variables of circulation remained stable throughout the experiment.
26710728	4	49	dep	32°C	442:445	arg1	to					439:440	to	439:440	to	439:440	In group 2, 4 limbs were perfused with autologous blood at 27°C to 32°C for 24 hours.
26710728	9	50	from	end	1056:1058	arg1	group					1078:1082	group 2	1078:1084	group 2	1078:1084	Neuromuscular electrical stimulation remained intact until the end of reperfusion in group 2 vs no response in group 1.
26710728	4	51	theme	autologous	414:423	arg1	blood					425:429	autologous blood	414:429	autologous blood	414:429	In group 2, 4 limbs were perfused with autologous blood at 27°C to 32°C for 24 hours.
26710728	7	52	theme	single-muscle	846:858	arg1	testing					880:886	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	846:886	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	846:886	Histology samples were obtained for TUNEL staining and single-muscle fiber contractility testing.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	pH					641:642	pH	641:642	pH	641:642	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	glucose					692:698	glucose	692:698	glucose	692:698	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	saturation					659:668	O2 saturation	656:668	O2 saturation	656:668	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	Na					671:672	Na	671:672	Na	671:672	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	gases					617:621	perfusate gases	607:621	perfusate gases	607:621	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	Ca					682:683	Ca	682:683	Ca	682:683	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	pCO2					645:648	pCO2	645:648	pCO2	645:648	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	lactate					705:711	lactate	705:711	lactate	705:711	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	HCO3					686:689	HCO3	686:689	HCO3	686:689	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	pO2					651:653	pO2	651:653	pO2	651:653	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	K					675:675	K	675:675	K	675:675	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	53	theme	perfusate	607:615	arg1	Cl					678:679	Cl	678:679	Cl	678:679	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	6	54	dep	parameters	583:592	arg1	addition					561:568	addition	561:568	addition	561:568	In addition to perfusion parameters, we recorded perfusate gases and electrolytes (pH, pCO2, pO2, O2 saturation, Na, K, Cl, Ca, HCO3, glucose, and lactate) and obtained functional electrostimulation hourly throughout the experiment.
26710728	12	55	theme	limb	1417:1420	arg1	hours					1440:1444	extended limb survival up to 24 hours	1408:1444	extended limb survival up to 24 hours	1408:1444	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	7	56	theme	TUNEL	827:831	arg1	staining					833:840	TUNEL staining	827:840	TUNEL staining	827:840	Histology samples were obtained for TUNEL staining and single-muscle fiber contractility testing.
26710728	12	57	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1380:1390	arg1	demonstrated					1395:1406	demonstrated	1395:1406	demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood	1395:1504	CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated extended limb survival up to 24 hours using normothermic pulsatile perfusion and autologous blood.
26710728	0	58	dep	Ex	14:15	arg1	Situ					17:20	Situ	17:20	Situ	17:20	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	10	59	theme	gradual	1127:1133	arg1	increase					1135:1142	a gradual increase	1125:1142	a gradual increase in lactate levels during pump perfusion	1125:1182	In group 2, a gradual increase in lactate levels during pump perfusion returned to normal after transplantation.
26710728	2	60	used	used	246:249	arg2	We					243:244	We	243:244	We	243:244	METHODS We used 20 swine for the study.
26710728	0	61	from	Allograft	78:86	arg1	Effect					4:9	The Effect	0:9	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival	0:98	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	11	62	theme	fiber	1289:1293	arg1	testing					1309:1315	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	1275:1315	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	1275:1315	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	0	63	theme	Limb	43:46	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	11	64	theme	significant	1327:1337	arg1	difference					1339:1348	no significant difference	1324:1348	no significant difference	1324:1348	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	1	65	dep	ex	154:155	arg1	situ					157:160	situ	157:160	situ	157:160	PURPOSE To test the potential for the ex situ limb perfusion system to prolong limb allograft survival up to 24 hours.
26710728	7	66	theme	Histology	791:799	arg1	samples					801:807	Histology samples	791:807	Histology samples	791:807	Histology samples were obtained for TUNEL staining and single-muscle fiber contractility testing.
26710728	0	67	dep	Hours	109:113	arg1	Effect					4:9	The Effect	0:9	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival	0:98	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	11	68	theme	contractility	1295:1307	arg1	testing					1309:1315	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	1275:1315	single-muscle fiber contractility testing	1275:1315	Compared with the contralateral limb in group 2, single-muscle fiber contractility testing showed no significant difference at the end of the experiment.
26710728	0	69	theme	Swine	37:41	arg1	Allograft					78:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft	35:86	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	13	70	theme	ex	1573:1574	arg1	methods					1591:1597	ex situ perfusion methods	1573:1597	ex situ perfusion methods	1573:1597	CLINICAL RELEVANCE Successful prolongation of limb survival using ex situ perfusion methods provides with more time for revascularization of an extremity.
26710728	8	71	from	RESULTS	889:895	arg1	groups					905:910	both groups	900:910	both groups	900:910	RESULTS In both groups, hemodynamic variables of circulation remained stable throughout the experiment.
26710728	0	72	dep	24	106:107	arg1	to					103:104	to	103:104	to	103:104	The Effect of Ex Situ Perfusion in a Swine Limb Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft on Survival up to 24 Hours.
26710728	1	73	theme	limb	195:198	arg1	survival					210:217	limb allograft survival	195:217	limb allograft survival	195:217	PURPOSE To test the potential for the ex situ limb perfusion system to prolong limb allograft survival up to 24 hours.
25550282	4	0	from	effects	621:627	arg1	composition					678:688	breast milk composition	666:688	breast milk composition	666:688	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	4	1	theme	50	711:712	arg1	%					713:713	%	713:713	%	713:713	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	2	2	from	syndrome	454:461	arg1	adulthood					466:474	adulthood	466:474	adulthood	466:474	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	1	3	theme	intrauterine	152:163	arg1	restriction					172:182	intrauterine growth restriction	152:182	intrauterine growth restriction	152:182	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	6	4	theme	Milk	954:957	arg1	analysis					959:966	Milk analysis	954:966	Milk analysis of FR50 rats	954:979	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	2	5	from	development	429:439	arg1	adulthood					466:474	adulthood	466:474	adulthood	466:474	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	5	6	theme	control	936:942	arg1	dams					948:951	control rat dams	936:951	control rat dams	936:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	1	7	theme	growth	165:170	arg1	restriction					172:182	intrauterine growth restriction	152:182	intrauterine growth restriction	152:182	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	6	8	theme	lactose	1033:1039	arg1	concentration					1041:1053	lactose concentration	1033:1053	lactose concentration	1033:1053	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	1	9	dep	established	279:289	arg1	both					291:294	both	291:294	both	291:294	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	3	10	theme	programming/deprogramming	535:559	arg1	effects					571:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	This suggests that milk composition may have long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects in the offspring.
25550282	7	11	theme	milk	1292:1295	arg1	composition					1297:1307	milk composition	1292:1307	milk composition	1292:1307	Our data indicate that maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies milk composition both quantitatively and qualitatively.
25550282	4	12	dep	%	713:713	arg1	FR50					716:719	FR50	716:719	FR50	716:719	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	5	13	from	FR50	927:930	arg1	analysis					897:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis	837:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	837:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	5	13	from	FR50	927:930	arg1	samples					914:920	milk samples	909:920	milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	909:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	3	14	theme	metabolic	561:569	arg1	effects					571:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	This suggests that milk composition may have long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects in the offspring.
25550282	4	15	theme	rat	722:724	arg1	model					726:730	a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model	693:730	a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model	693:730	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	0	16	theme	metabolic	111:119	arg1	diseases					121:128	metabolic diseases	111:128	metabolic diseases	111:128	Maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies lactose and serotranferrin in milk: relevance to the programming of metabolic diseases?
25550282	0	17	from	serotranferrin	55:68	arg1	milk					73:76	milk	73:76	milk	73:76	Maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies lactose and serotranferrin in milk: relevance to the programming of metabolic diseases?
25550282	5	18	theme	laser	854:858	arg1	analysis					897:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis	837:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	837:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	4	19	theme	perinatal	641:649	arg1	denutrition					651:661	maternal perinatal denutrition	632:661	maternal perinatal denutrition	632:661	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	8	20	theme	maternal	1371:1378	arg1	nutrition					1380:1388	maternal nutrition	1371:1388	maternal nutrition	1371:1388	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	6	21	theme	unsaturated	1121:1131	arg1	acids					1161:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	6	22	theme	acids/saturated	1139:1153	arg1	acids					1161:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	5	23	theme	fatty	753:757	arg1	acids					759:763	fatty acids	753:763	fatty acids	753:763	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	5	24	theme	rat	944:946	arg1	dams					948:951	control rat dams	936:951	control rat dams	936:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	5	25	theme	surface-enhanced	837:852	arg1	analysis					897:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis	837:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	837:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	3	26	theme	long-lasting	522:533	arg1	effects					571:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	This suggests that milk composition may have long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects in the offspring.
25550282	6	27	theme	fatty	1155:1159	arg1	acids					1161:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	4	28	theme	milk	673:676	arg1	composition					678:688	breast milk composition	666:688	breast milk composition	666:688	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	0	29	theme	perinatal	9:17	arg1	undernutrition					19:32	Maternal perinatal undernutrition	0:32	Maternal perinatal undernutrition	0:32	Maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies lactose and serotranferrin in milk: relevance to the programming of metabolic diseases?
25550282	0	30	from	lactose	43:49	arg1	milk					73:76	milk	73:76	milk	73:76	Maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies lactose and serotranferrin in milk: relevance to the programming of metabolic diseases?
25550282	4	31	theme	breast	666:671	arg1	composition					678:688	breast milk composition	666:688	breast milk composition	666:688	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	0	32	theme	Maternal	0:7	arg1	undernutrition					19:32	Maternal perinatal undernutrition	0:32	Maternal perinatal undernutrition	0:32	Maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies lactose and serotranferrin in milk: relevance to the programming of metabolic diseases?
25550282	5	33	from	dams	948:951	arg1	analysis					897:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis	837:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	837:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	5	33	from	dams	948:951	arg1	samples					914:920	milk samples	909:920	milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	909:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	4	34	theme	%	713:713	arg1	model					726:730	a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model	693:730	a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model	693:730	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	5	35	theme	desorption/ionization-time-of-flight	860:895	arg1	analysis					897:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis	837:904	surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	837:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	6	36	theme	fatty	1133:1137	arg1	acids					1161:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids	1117:1165	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	6	37	from	day	1218:1220	arg1	levels					1198:1203	serotransferrin levels	1182:1203	serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21	1182:1223	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	1	38	theme	chronic	203:209	arg1	hypertension					257:268	hypertension	257:268	hypertension	257:268	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	38	theme	chronic	203:209	arg1	diabetes					243:250	diabetes	243:250	diabetes	243:250	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	38	theme	chronic	203:209	arg1	diseases					217:224	chronic adult diseases	203:224	chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension	203:268	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	38	theme	chronic	203:209	arg1	obesity					234:240	obesity	234:240	obesity	234:240	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	6	39	theme	serotransferrin	1182:1196	arg1	levels					1198:1203	serotransferrin levels	1182:1203	serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21	1182:1223	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	6	40	theme	maternal	999:1006	arg1	undernutrition					1008:1021	maternal undernutrition	999:1021	maternal undernutrition	999:1021	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	0	41	theme	diseases	121:128	arg1	programming					96:106	the programming	92:106	the programming of metabolic diseases	92:128	Maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies lactose and serotranferrin in milk: relevance to the programming of metabolic diseases?
25550282	8	42	theme	subsequent	1492:1501	arg1	development					1503:1513	the subsequent development	1488:1513	the subsequent development of metabolic diseases	1488:1535	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	3	43	theme	milk	496:499	arg1	composition					501:511	milk composition	496:511	milk composition	496:511	This suggests that milk composition may have long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects in the offspring.
25550282	1	44	theme	adult	211:215	arg1	hypertension					257:268	hypertension	257:268	hypertension	257:268	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	44	theme	adult	211:215	arg1	diabetes					243:250	diabetes	243:250	diabetes	243:250	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	44	theme	adult	211:215	arg1	diseases					217:224	chronic adult diseases	203:224	chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension	203:268	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	44	theme	adult	211:215	arg1	obesity					234:240	obesity	234:240	obesity	234:240	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	5	45	theme	gas	787:789	arg1	chromatography					791:804	gas chromatography	787:804	gas chromatography	787:804	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	8	46	theme	new	1395:1397	arg1	perspectives					1399:1410	new perspectives	1395:1410	new perspectives	1395:1410	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	2	47	from	adulthood	466:474	arg1	development					429:439	the development	425:439	the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood	425:474	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	1	48	theme	diseases	217:224	arg1	development					188:198	development	188:198	development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension	188:268	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	1	48	theme	diseases	217:224	arg1	restriction					172:182	intrauterine growth restriction	152:182	intrauterine growth restriction	152:182	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	2	49	theme	syndrome	454:461	arg1	development					429:439	the development	425:439	the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood	425:474	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	2	50	dep	lactation	392:400	arg1	i.e.					386:389	i.e.	386:389	i.e.	386:389	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	2	51	theme	metabolic	444:452	arg1	syndrome					454:461	metabolic syndrome	444:461	metabolic syndrome in adulthood	444:474	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	3	52	contain	have	517:520	arg1	composition					501:511	milk composition	496:511	milk composition	496:511	This suggests that milk composition may have long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects in the offspring.
25550282	3	52	contain	have	517:520	arg2	effects					571:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects	522:577	This suggests that milk composition may have long-lasting programming/deprogramming metabolic effects in the offspring.
25550282	8	53	theme	metabolic	1518:1526	arg1	diseases					1528:1535	metabolic diseases	1518:1535	metabolic diseases	1518:1535	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	5	54	from	analysis	897:904	arg1	FR50					927:930	FR50	927:930	FR50	927:930	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	5	54	from	analysis	897:904	arg1	samples					914:920	milk samples	909:920	milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	909:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	5	54	from	analysis	897:904	arg1	dams					948:951	control rat dams	936:951	control rat dams	936:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	2	55	theme	velocity	342:349	arg1	Modification					319:330	Modification	319:330	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation)	319:401	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	6	56	theme	FR50	971:974	arg1	rats					976:979	FR50 rats	971:979	FR50 rats	971:979	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	2	57	theme	growth	335:340	arg1	velocity					342:349	growth velocity	335:349	growth velocity	335:349	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	7	58	theme	maternal	1249:1256	arg1	undernutrition					1268:1281	maternal perinatal undernutrition	1249:1281	maternal perinatal undernutrition	1249:1281	Our data indicate that maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies milk composition both quantitatively and qualitatively.
25550282	4	59	theme	food-restricted	695:709	arg1	model					726:730	a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model	693:730	a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model	693:730	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	8	60	theme	artificial	1456:1465	arg1	milk					1467:1470	artificial milk	1456:1470	artificial milk	1456:1470	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	6	61	theme	postnatal	1086:1094	arg1	day					1096:1098	postnatal day 10	1086:1101	postnatal day 10	1086:1101	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	8	62	used	used	1448:1451	arg2	molecules					1424:1432	molecules	1424:1432	molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases	1424:1535	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	8	63	theme	diseases	1528:1535	arg1	development					1503:1513	the subsequent development	1488:1513	the subsequent development of metabolic diseases	1488:1535	These modifications by maternal nutrition open new perspectives to identify molecules that could be used in artificial milk to protect from the subsequent development of metabolic diseases.
25550282	1	64	theme	close	133:137	arg1	link					139:142	A close link	131:142	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension	131:268	A close link between intrauterine growth restriction and development of chronic adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been established both in humans and animals.
25550282	6	65	theme	postnatal	1208:1216	arg1	day					1218:1220	postnatal day 21	1208:1223	postnatal day 21	1208:1223	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	4	66	theme	denutrition	651:661	arg1	effects					621:627	the effects	617:627	the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition	617:688	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	2	67	theme	postnatal	368:376	arg1	period					378:383	the early postnatal period	358:383	the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation)	358:401	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	5	68	theme	milk	909:912	arg1	samples					914:920	milk samples	909:920	milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams	909:951	Monosaccharides and fatty acids were characterized by gas chromatography, and proteins were profiled by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis in milk samples from FR50 and control rat dams.
25550282	4	69	theme	maternal	632:639	arg1	denutrition					651:661	maternal perinatal denutrition	632:661	maternal perinatal denutrition	632:661	We therefore assess the effects of maternal perinatal denutrition on breast milk composition in a food-restricted 50% (FR50) rat model.
25550282	7	70	theme	perinatal	1258:1266	arg1	undernutrition					1268:1281	maternal perinatal undernutrition	1249:1281	maternal perinatal undernutrition	1249:1281	Our data indicate that maternal perinatal undernutrition modifies milk composition both quantitatively and qualitatively.
25550282	2	71	theme	early	362:366	arg1	period					378:383	the early postnatal period	358:383	the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation)	358:401	Modification of growth velocity during the early postnatal period (i.e., lactation) may also sensitize to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
25550282	6	72	theme	rats	976:979	arg1	analysis					959:966	Milk analysis	954:966	Milk analysis of FR50 rats	954:979	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
25550282	6	73	theme	lipid	1069:1073	arg1	profile					1075:1081	lipid profile	1069:1081	lipid profile	1069:1081	Milk analysis of FR50 rats demonstrated that maternal undernutrition decreases lactose concentration and modulates lipid profile at postnatal day 10 by increasing the unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids and diminishes serotransferrin levels at postnatal day 21.
26995354	6	0	theme	targeted	965:972	arg1	analysis					996:1003	targeted mass-independent data analysis	965:1003	targeted mass-independent data analysis	965:1003	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	2	1	theme	mass	389:392	arg1	MS					408:409	MS	408:409	MS	408:409	Glycan structural diversity is directly correlated with difficulty in characterizing the intact glycoproteome by mass spectrometry (MS).
26995354	2	1	theme	mass	389:392	arg1	spectrometry					394:405	mass spectrometry	389:405	mass spectrometry (MS)	389:410	Glycan structural diversity is directly correlated with difficulty in characterizing the intact glycoproteome by mass spectrometry (MS).
26995354	5	2	theme	isotopic	829:836	arg1	probe					854:858	an isotopic recoding biotin probe	826:858	an isotopic recoding biotin probe	826:858	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins are then tagged using Click chemistry and enriched with an isotopic recoding biotin probe.
26995354	5	3	gly	glycoproteins	756:768	arg1	glycoproteins					756:768	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins	734:768	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins	734:768	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins are then tagged using Click chemistry and enriched with an isotopic recoding biotin probe.
26995354	5	4	theme	Click	792:796	arg1	chemistry					798:806	Click chemistry	792:806	Click chemistry	792:806	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins are then tagged using Click chemistry and enriched with an isotopic recoding biotin probe.
26995354	3	5	dep	intact	521:526	arg1	labeled					543:549	labeled	543:549	labeled	543:549	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	7	6	theme	outlined	1010:1017	arg1	procedure					1019:1027	The outlined procedure	1006:1027	The outlined procedure	1006:1027	The outlined procedure is well defined in cell culture and has been executed with over 15 cell lines.
26995354	3	7	theme	Isotope	596:602	arg1	Glycoproteomics					613:627	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics	596:627	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	596:636	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	3	7	theme	Isotope	596:602	arg1	IsoTaG					630:635	IsoTaG	630:635	IsoTaG	630:635	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	3	8	theme	intact	521:526	arg1	glycopeptides					551:563	intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides	521:563	intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides	521:563	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	6	9	theme	Intact	861:866	arg1	glycopeptides					868:880	Intact glycopeptides	861:880	Intact glycopeptides	861:880	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	3	10	gly	glycopeptides	551:563	arg2	glycopeptides					551:563	intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides	521:563	intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides	521:563	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	3	10	gly	glycopeptides	551:563	arg1	proteomes					578:586	complex proteomes	570:586	complex proteomes	570:586	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	1	11	theme	biological	177:186	arg1	function					188:195	biological function	177:195	biological function	177:195	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	0	12	theme	Complex	107:113	arg1	Proteomes					115:123	Complex Proteomes	107:123	Complex Proteomes	107:123	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	2	13	theme	structural	283:292	arg1	diversity					294:302	Glycan structural diversity	276:302	Glycan structural diversity	276:302	Glycan structural diversity is directly correlated with difficulty in characterizing the intact glycoproteome by mass spectrometry (MS).
26995354	3	14	theme	mass-independent	451:466	arg1	platform					493:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform	443:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	443:636	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	0	15	theme	Targeted	8:15	arg1	Glycoproteomics					17:31	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics	0:31	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	0:40	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	0	15	theme	Targeted	8:15	arg1	IsoTaG					34:39	IsoTaG	34:39	IsoTaG	34:39	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	6	16	theme	directed	936:943	arg1	MS					945:946	directed MS	936:946	directed MS	936:946	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	0	17	theme	Isotope	0:6	arg1	Glycoproteomics					17:31	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics	0:31	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	0:40	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	0	17	theme	Isotope	0:6	arg1	IsoTaG					34:39	IsoTaG	34:39	IsoTaG	34:39	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	6	18	theme	data	991:994	arg1	analysis					996:1003	targeted mass-independent data analysis	965:1003	targeted mass-independent data analysis	965:1003	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	3	19	theme	Targeted	604:611	arg1	Glycoproteomics					613:627	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics	596:627	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	596:636	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	3	19	theme	Targeted	604:611	arg1	IsoTaG					630:635	IsoTaG	630:635	IsoTaG	630:635	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	0	20	dep	Intact	58:63	arg1	Labeled					80:86	Labeled	80:86	Labeled	80:86	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	1	21	theme	most	213:216	arg1	diversity					218:226	the most diversity	209:226	the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs)	209:273	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	5	22	theme	recoding	838:845	arg1	probe					854:858	an isotopic recoding biotin probe	826:858	an isotopic recoding biotin probe	826:858	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins are then tagged using Click chemistry and enriched with an isotopic recoding biotin probe.
26995354	2	23	theme	intact	365:370	arg1	glycoproteome					372:384	the intact glycoproteome	361:384	the intact glycoproteome	361:384	Glycan structural diversity is directly correlated with difficulty in characterizing the intact glycoproteome by mass spectrometry (MS).
26995354	3	24	theme	chemical	468:475	arg1	platform					493:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform	443:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	443:636	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	3	25	theme	novel	445:449	arg1	platform					493:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform	443:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	443:636	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	5	26	theme	biotin	847:852	arg1	probe					854:858	an isotopic recoding biotin probe	826:858	an isotopic recoding biotin probe	826:858	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins are then tagged using Click chemistry and enriched with an isotopic recoding biotin probe.
26995354	4	27	theme	culture	659:665	arg1	samples					667:673	cell culture samples	654:673	cell culture samples	654:673	To use IsoTaG, cell culture samples are metabolically labeled with an azido- or alkynyl-sugar.
26995354	3	28	theme	glycoproteomics	477:491	arg1	platform					493:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform	443:500	a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG)	443:636	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	6	29	theme	probe	915:919	arg1	cleavage					899:906	cleavage	899:906	cleavage of the probe	899:919	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	7	30	theme	cell	1096:1099	arg1	lines					1101:1105	over 15 cell lines	1088:1105	over 15 cell lines	1088:1105	The outlined procedure is well defined in cell culture and has been executed with over 15 cell lines.
26995354	0	31	from	Proteomes	115:123	arg1	Glycopeptides					88:100	Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides	58:100	Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes	58:123	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	1	32	theme	Protein	126:132	arg1	glycosylation					134:146	Protein glycosylation	126:146	Protein glycosylation	126:146	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	6	33	gly	glycopeptides	868:880	arg2	glycopeptides					868:880	Intact glycopeptides	861:880	Intact glycopeptides	861:880	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	2	34	theme	Glycan	276:281	arg1	diversity					294:302	Glycan structural diversity	276:302	Glycan structural diversity	276:302	Glycan structural diversity is directly correlated with difficulty in characterizing the intact glycoproteome by mass spectrometry (MS).
26995354	5	35	theme	labeled	748:754	arg1	glycoproteins					756:768	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins	734:768	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins	734:768	Metabolically labeled glycoproteins are then tagged using Click chemistry and enriched with an isotopic recoding biotin probe.
26995354	7	36	theme	cell	1048:1051	arg1	culture					1053:1059	cell culture	1048:1059	cell culture	1048:1059	The outlined procedure is well defined in cell culture and has been executed with over 15 cell lines.
26995354	1	37	theme	critical	159:166	arg1	roles					168:172	many critical roles	154:172	many critical roles	154:172	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	1	38	theme	post-translational	235:252	arg1	modifications					254:266	all post-translational modifications	231:266	all post-translational modifications (PTMs)	231:273	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	1	38	theme	post-translational	235:252	arg1	PTMs					269:272	PTMs	269:272	PTMs	269:272	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	1	39	theme	many	154:157	arg1	roles					168:172	many critical roles	154:172	many critical roles	154:172	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	1	40	theme	modifications	254:266	arg1	diversity					218:226	the most diversity	209:226	the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs)	209:273	Protein glycosylation plays many critical roles in biological function and creates the most diversity of all post-translational modifications (PTMs).
26995354	0	41	theme	Intact	58:63	arg1	Glycopeptides					88:100	Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides	58:100	Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes	58:123	Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG) to Characterize Intact, Metabolically Labeled Glycopeptides from Complex Proteomes.
26995354	6	42	theme	mass-independent	974:989	arg1	analysis					996:1003	targeted mass-independent data analysis	965:1003	targeted mass-independent data analysis	965:1003	Intact glycopeptides are recovered by cleavage of the probe, analyzed with directed MS, and assigned by targeted mass-independent data analysis.
26995354	3	43	theme	complex	570:576	arg1	proteomes					578:586	complex proteomes	570:586	complex proteomes	570:586	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	3	44	from	proteomes	578:586	arg1	glycopeptides					551:563	intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides	521:563	intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides	521:563	In this protocol, we describe a novel mass-independent chemical glycoproteomics platform for characterizing intact, metabolically labeled glycopeptides from complex proteomes, termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics (IsoTaG).
26995354	4	45	theme	cell	654:657	arg1	samples					667:673	cell culture samples	654:673	cell culture samples	654:673	To use IsoTaG, cell culture samples are metabolically labeled with an azido- or alkynyl-sugar.
28412661	5	0	theme	0.7μM	1161:1165	arg1	limit					1142:1146	limit	1142:1146	limit of detection 0.7μM	1142:1165	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	2	1	theme	serum	363:367	arg1	levels					379:384	serum clozapine levels	363:384	serum clozapine levels	363:384	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	5	2	theme	several	1208:1214	arg1	weeks					1216:1220	several weeks	1208:1220	several weeks	1208:1220	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	0	3	theme	point-of-care	78:90	arg1	measurement					92:102	point-of-care measurement	78:102	point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine	78:144	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	4	4	theme	lower	923:927	arg1	concentration					929:941	100-fold lower concentration	914:941	100-fold lower concentration	914:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	5	5	theme	common	1268:1273	arg1	problems					1289:1296	common error-causing problems	1268:1296	common error-causing problems	1268:1296	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	2	6	theme	samples	512:518	arg1	complexity					492:501	the complexity	488:501	the complexity of serum samples	488:518	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	5	7	theme	rapid	1041:1045	arg1	measurement					1047:1057	(i) rapid measurement	1037:1057	(i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment	1037:1093	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	7	theme	rapid	1041:1045	arg1	benefits					948:955	The benefits	944:955	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring	944:1030	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	7	theme	rapid	1041:1045	arg1	≈20min					1060:1065	≈20min	1060:1065	≈20min	1060:1065	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	0	8	dep	medication	125:134	arg1	clozapine					136:144	clozapine	136:144	the antipsychotic medication clozapine	107:144	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	4	9	attach	present	903:909	arg2	clozapine					884:892	the clozapine	880:892	the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration	880:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	9	attach	present	903:909	arg2	present					903:909	present	903:909	present	903:909	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	9	attach	present	903:909	arg1	concentration					929:941	100-fold lower concentration	914:941	100-fold lower concentration	914:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	2	10	theme	serum	506:510	arg1	samples					512:518	serum samples	506:518	serum samples	506:518	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	4	11	theme	centralized	805:815	arg1	analysis					828:835	centralized laboratory analysis	805:835	centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration	805:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	12	theme	clozapine-treated	719:735	arg1	groups					775:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	1	13	theme	serum	291:295	arg1	levels					297:302	serum levels	291:302	serum levels	291:302	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	0	14	theme	medication	125:134	arg1	measurement					92:102	point-of-care measurement	78:102	point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine	78:144	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	5	15	dep	reusability	1175:1185	arg1	iii					1170:1172	iii	1170:1172	iii	1170:1172	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	4	16	from	measurements	683:694	arg1	serum					708:712	clinical serum	699:712	clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	699:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	16	from	measurements	683:694	arg1	groups					775:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	1	17	theme	promising	176:184	arg1	medications					186:196	the most promising medications	167:196	the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia	167:223	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	0	18	theme	antipsychotic	111:123	arg1	medication					125:134	the antipsychotic medication clozapine	107:144	the antipsychotic medication clozapine	107:144	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	5	19	dep	testing	1250:1256	arg1	iv					1228:1229	iv	1228:1229	iv	1228:1229	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	1	20	theme	medications	186:196	arg1	medications					186:196	the most promising medications	167:196	the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia	167:223	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	1	20	theme	medications	186:196	arg1	one					160:162	one	160:162	one	160:162	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	0	21	theme	clinical	9:16	arg1	analysis					24:31	Reliable clinical serum analysis	0:31	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.	0:145	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	3	22	theme	reusable	549:556	arg1	sensor					574:579	a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor	536:579	a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine	536:660	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	0	23	theme	Reliable	0:7	arg1	analysis					24:31	Reliable clinical serum analysis	0:31	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.	0:145	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	4	24	theme	schizophrenia	761:773	arg1	groups					775:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	3	25	theme	electrochemical	558:572	arg1	sensor					574:579	a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor	536:579	a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine	536:660	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	4	26	theme	laboratory	817:826	arg1	analysis					828:835	centralized laboratory analysis	805:835	centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration	805:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	6	27	theme	serum	1350:1354	arg1	measurements					1366:1377	serum clozapine measurements	1350:1377	serum clozapine measurements	1350:1377	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	5	28	theme	approach	992:999	arg1	benefits					948:955	The benefits	944:955	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring	944:1030	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	28	theme	approach	992:999	arg1	measurement					1047:1057	(i) rapid measurement	1037:1057	(i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment	1037:1093	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	3	29	theme	robust	538:543	arg1	sensor					574:579	a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor	536:579	a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine	536:660	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	5	30	dep	measurement	1047:1057	arg1	i					1038:1038	i	1038:1038	i	1038:1038	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	0	31	theme	serum	18:22	arg1	analysis					24:31	Reliable clinical serum analysis	0:31	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.	0:145	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	measurement					1047:1057	(i) rapid measurement	1037:1057	(i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment	1037:1093	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	testing					1250:1256	(iv) rapid reliability testing	1227:1256	(iv) rapid reliability testing	1227:1256	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	sensitivity					1129:1139	sensitivity	1129:1139	sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM)	1129:1166	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	≈20min					1060:1065	≈20min	1060:1065	≈20min	1060:1065	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	benefits					948:955	The benefits	944:955	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring	944:1030	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	reusability					1175:1185	(iii) reusability	1169:1185	(iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks	1169:1220	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	32	theme	electrode	1193:1201	arg1	selectivity					1113:1123	(ii) appropriate selectivity	1096:1123	(ii) appropriate selectivity	1096:1123	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	33	theme	serum	1005:1009	arg1	monitoring					1021:1030	serum clozapine monitoring	1005:1030	serum clozapine monitoring	1005:1030	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	3	34	theme	clozapine	652:660	arg1	levels					642:647	serum levels	636:647	serum levels of clozapine	636:660	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	0	35	theme	reusable	38:45	arg1	sensor					63:68	reusable electrochemical sensor	38:68	reusable electrochemical sensor	38:68	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	1	36	theme	safe	309:312	arg1	range					326:330	a safe therapeutic range	307:330	a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM)	307:338	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	1	36	theme	safe	309:312	arg1	1-3μM					333:337	1-3μM	333:337	1-3μM	333:337	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	5	37	theme	appropriate	1101:1111	arg1	selectivity					1113:1123	(ii) appropriate selectivity	1096:1123	(ii) appropriate selectivity	1096:1123	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	3	38	theme	graphene-chitosan	586:602	arg1	composite					604:612	graphene-chitosan composite	586:612	graphene-chitosan composite	586:612	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	4	39	theme	electrochemical	667:681	arg1	measurements					683:694	Our electrochemical measurements	663:694	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	663:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	1	40	theme	therapeutic	314:324	arg1	range					326:330	a safe therapeutic range	307:330	a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM)	307:338	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	1	40	theme	therapeutic	314:324	arg1	1-3μM					333:337	1-3μM	333:337	1-3μM	333:337	Clozapine is one of the most promising medications for managing schizophrenia but it is under-utilized because of the challenges of maintaining serum levels in a safe therapeutic range (1-3μM).
28412661	6	41	theme	electrochemical	1321:1335	arg1	approach					1337:1344	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach	1299:1344	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements	1299:1377	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	5	42	theme	electrochemical	964:978	arg1	approach					992:999	our electrochemical measurement approach	960:999	our electrochemical measurement approach	960:999	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	0	43	with	analysis	24:31	arg1	sensor					63:68	reusable electrochemical sensor	38:68	reusable electrochemical sensor	38:68	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	6	44	theme	clozapine	1356:1364	arg1	measurements					1366:1377	serum clozapine measurements	1350:1377	serum clozapine measurements	1350:1377	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	3	45	with	sensor	574:579	arg1	composite					604:612	graphene-chitosan composite	586:612	graphene-chitosan composite	586:612	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	6	46	theme	rapid	1315:1319	arg1	approach					1337:1344	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach	1299:1344	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements	1299:1377	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	6	47	with	clinicians	1394:1403	arg1	information					1435:1445	the timely point-of-care information	1410:1445	the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages	1410:1472	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	4	48	theme	clozapine-untreated	741:759	arg1	groups					775:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	719:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	0	49	theme	electrochemical	47:61	arg1	sensor					63:68	reusable electrochemical sensor	38:68	reusable electrochemical sensor	38:68	Reliable clinical serum analysis with reusable electrochemical sensor: Toward point-of-care measurement of the antipsychotic medication clozapine.
28412661	5	50	dep	sensitivity	1129:1139	arg1	limit					1142:1146	limit	1142:1146	limit of detection 0.7μM	1142:1165	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	51	theme	detection	1151:1159	arg1	0.7μM					1161:1165	detection 0.7μM	1151:1165	detection 0.7μM	1151:1165	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	52	theme	serum	1076:1080	arg1	pretreatment					1082:1093	serum pretreatment	1076:1093	serum pretreatment	1076:1093	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	2	53	theme	Timely	341:346	arg1	barrier					411:417	a barrier	409:417	a barrier	409:417	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	2	53	theme	Timely	341:346	arg1	measurement					348:358	Timely measurement	341:358	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels	341:384	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	4	54	from	groups	775:780	arg1	measurements					683:694	Our electrochemical measurements	663:694	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	663:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	54	from	groups	775:780	arg1	serum					708:712	clinical serum	699:712	clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	699:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	55	theme	detected	853:860	arg1	acid					867:870	the readily detected uric acid	841:870	the readily detected uric acid	841:870	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	6	56	theme	simple	1304:1309	arg1	approach					1337:1344	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach	1299:1344	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements	1299:1377	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	4	57	theme	clinical	699:706	arg1	serum					708:712	clinical serum	699:712	clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups	699:780	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	5	58	theme	measurement	980:990	arg1	approach					992:999	our electrochemical measurement approach	960:999	our electrochemical measurement approach	960:999	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	59	theme	clozapine	1011:1019	arg1	monitoring					1021:1030	serum clozapine monitoring	1005:1030	serum clozapine monitoring	1005:1030	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	60	dep	selectivity	1113:1123	arg1	ii					1097:1098	ii	1097:1098	ii	1097:1098	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	3	61	theme	serum	636:640	arg1	levels					642:647	serum levels	636:647	serum levels of clozapine	636:660	We demonstrate a robust and reusable electrochemical sensor with graphene-chitosan composite for rapidly measuring serum levels of clozapine.
28412661	2	62	theme	clozapine	369:377	arg1	levels					379:384	serum clozapine levels	363:384	serum clozapine levels	363:384	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	6	63	theme	timely	1414:1419	arg1	information					1435:1445	the timely point-of-care information	1410:1445	the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages	1410:1472	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	4	64	located	present	903:909	arg2	clozapine					884:892	the clozapine	880:892	the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration	880:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	64	located	present	903:909	arg2	present					903:909	present	903:909	present	903:909	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	64	located	present	903:909	arg1	concentration					929:941	100-fold lower concentration	914:941	100-fold lower concentration	914:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	65	theme	uric	862:865	arg1	acid					867:870	the readily detected uric acid	841:870	the readily detected uric acid	841:870	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	6	66	theme	schizophrenia	1508:1520	arg1	management					1494:1503	the management	1490:1503	the management of schizophrenia	1490:1520	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	2	67	theme	levels	379:384	arg1	barrier					411:417	a barrier	409:417	a barrier	409:417	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	2	67	theme	levels	379:384	arg1	measurement					348:358	Timely measurement	341:358	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels	341:384	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	5	68	theme	error-causing	1275:1287	arg1	problems					1289:1296	common error-causing problems	1268:1296	common error-causing problems	1268:1296	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	4	69	from	concentration	929:941	arg1	clozapine					884:892	the clozapine	880:892	the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration	880:941	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	4	69	from	concentration	929:941	arg1	present					903:909	present	903:909	present	903:909	Our electrochemical measurements in clinical serum from clozapine-treated and clozapine-untreated schizophrenia groups are well correlated to centralized laboratory analysis for the readily detected uric acid and for the clozapine which is present at 100-fold lower concentration.
28412661	2	70	theme	broader	426:432	arg1	use					434:436	the broader use	422:436	the broader use of clozapine	422:449	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	6	71	theme	point-of-care	1421:1433	arg1	information					1435:1445	the timely point-of-care information	1410:1445	the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages	1410:1472	This simple and rapid electrochemical approach for serum clozapine measurements should provide clinicians with the timely point-of-care information required to adjust dosages and personalize the management of schizophrenia.
28412661	2	72	theme	clozapine	441:449	arg1	use					434:436	the broader use	422:436	the broader use of clozapine	422:449	Timely measurement of serum clozapine levels has been identified as a barrier to the broader use of clozapine, which is however challenging due to the complexity of serum samples.
28412661	5	73	theme	reliability	1238:1248	arg1	testing					1250:1256	(iv) rapid reliability testing	1227:1256	(iv) rapid reliability testing	1227:1256	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
28412661	5	74	theme	rapid	1232:1236	arg1	testing					1250:1256	(iv) rapid reliability testing	1227:1256	(iv) rapid reliability testing	1227:1256	The benefits of our electrochemical measurement approach for serum clozapine monitoring are: (i) rapid measurement (≈20min) without serum pretreatment; (ii) appropriate selectivity and sensitivity (limit of detection 0.7μM); (iii) reusability of an electrode over several weeks; and (iv) rapid reliability testing to detect common error-causing problems.
26677068	5	0	theme	insulin	1176:1182	arg1	peak					1168:1171	a characteristic peak	1151:1171	a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1)	1151:1193	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	2	1	theme	directional	349:359	arg1	differentiation					361:375	the directional differentiation	345:375	the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	345:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	5	2	contain	has	1195:1197	arg2	intensity					1209:1217	the intensity	1205:1217	the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1205:1254	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	5	2	contain	has	1195:1197	arg1	peak					1168:1171	a characteristic peak	1151:1171	a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1)	1151:1193	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	1	3	theme	possible	247:254	arg1	solution					256:263	a possible solution	245:263	a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment	245:293	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	0	4	theme	cells	79:83	arg1	differentiation					43:57	the differentiation	39:57	the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells	39:105	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	6	5	theme	structural	1400:1409	arg1	states					1428:1433	the structural and pathological states	1396:1433	the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation	1396:1460	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	1	6	theme	Mesenchymal	168:178	arg1	MSCs					192:195	MSCs	192:195	MSCs	192:195	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	1	6	theme	Mesenchymal	168:178	arg1	cells					185:189	Mesenchymal stem cells	168:189	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)	168:196	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	5	7	theme	islet-like	1297:1306	arg1	cells					1308:1312	islet-like cells	1297:1312	islet-like cells	1297:1312	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	5	8	theme	relative	1239:1246	arg1	cells					1233:1237	islet-like cells	1222:1237	islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1222:1254	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	6	9	theme	pathological	1415:1426	arg1	states					1428:1433	the structural and pathological states	1396:1433	the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation	1396:1460	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	5	10	from	decreases	1030:1038	arg1	content					1017:1023	protein and glycogen content	996:1023	content	1017:1023	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	5	10	from	decreases	1030:1038	arg1	content					1086:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	0	11	theme	islet-like	90:99	arg1	cells					101:105	islet-like cells	90:105	islet-like cells	90:105	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	4	12	theme	MSCs	944:947	arg1	differentiation					925:939	the differentiation	921:939	the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells	921:969	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	4	13	theme	accuracy-improved	745:761	arg1	analysis					785:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	1	14	theme	type	269:272	arg1	diabetes					276:283	type I diabetes	269:283	type I diabetes treatment	269:293	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	0	15	theme	biochemical	110:120	arg1	analysis					132:139	biochemical component analysis	110:139	biochemical component analysis	110:139	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	6	16	theme	Raman	1349:1353	arg1	signatures					1355:1364	these Raman signatures	1343:1364	these Raman signatures	1343:1364	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	5	17	located	found	1140:1144	arg1	cells					1109:1113	islet-like cells	1098:1113	islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1098:1130	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	5	17	located	found	1140:1144	arg2	it					1133:1134	it	1133:1134	it	1133:1134	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	1	18	theme	stem	180:183	arg1	MSCs					192:195	MSCs	192:195	MSCs	192:195	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	1	18	theme	stem	180:183	arg1	cells					185:189	Mesenchymal stem cells	168:189	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)	168:196	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	2	19	theme	MSC	483:485	arg1	differentiation					487:501	MSC differentiation	483:501	MSC differentiation	483:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	5	20	theme	characteristic	1153:1166	arg1	peak					1168:1171	a characteristic peak	1151:1171	a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1)	1151:1193	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	4	21	theme	peaks	905:909	arg1	biochemical					863:873	biochemical	863:873	biochemical	863:873	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	6	22	from	information	1381:1391	arg1	states					1428:1433	the structural and pathological states	1396:1433	the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation	1396:1460	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	2	23	theme	information	464:474	arg1	differentiation					361:375	the directional differentiation	345:375	the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	345:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	2	24	theme	cells	403:407	arg1	differentiation					361:375	the directional differentiation	345:375	the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	345:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	0	25	theme	Raman	13:17	arg1	changes					28:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes	0:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.	0:166	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	3	26	theme	surface	556:562	arg1	markers					564:570	specific surface markers	547:570	specific surface markers	547:570	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	4	27	theme	multiple	799:806	arg1	peaks					808:812	multiple peaks	799:812	multiple peaks	799:812	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	2	28	dep	required	507:514	arg1	search					299:304	search	299:304	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	296:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	2	29	theme	islet-like	392:401	arg1	cells					403:407	MSC-derived islet-like cells	380:407	MSC-derived islet-like cells	380:407	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	0	30	theme	Quantitative	0:11	arg1	changes					28:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes	0:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.	0:166	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	1	31	theme	I	274:274	arg1	diabetes					276:283	type I diabetes	269:283	type I diabetes treatment	269:293	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	5	32	from	intensity	1209:1217	arg1	cells					1233:1237	islet-like cells	1222:1237	islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1222:1254	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	6	33	theme	sorting	1515:1521	arg1	methods					1523:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods	1482:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages	1482:1563	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	5	34	theme	glycogen	1008:1015	arg1	content					1017:1023	protein and glycogen content	996:1023	content	1017:1023	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	2	35	theme	MSC-derived	380:390	arg1	cells					403:407	MSC-derived islet-like cells	380:407	MSC-derived islet-like cells	380:407	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	2	36	theme	conformation	451:462	arg1	information					464:474	structural conformation information	440:474	structural conformation information	440:474	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	1	37	theme	diabetes	276:283	arg1	treatment					285:293	type I diabetes treatment	269:293	type I diabetes treatment	269:293	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	5	38	theme	protein	996:1002	arg1	content					1017:1023	protein and glycogen content	996:1023	content	1017:1023	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	3	39	theme	employed	586:593	arg1	technique					610:618	the commonly employed immunostaining technique	573:618	the commonly employed immunostaining technique	573:618	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	3	39	theme	employed	586:593	arg1	suitable					627:634	suitable	627:634	suitable	627:634	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	5	40	from	increases	983:991	arg1	content					1017:1023	protein and glycogen content	996:1023	content	1017:1023	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	5	40	from	increases	983:991	arg1	content					1086:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	0	41	theme	spectral	19:26	arg1	changes					28:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes	0:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.	0:166	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	0	42	theme	component	122:130	arg1	analysis					132:139	biochemical component analysis	110:139	biochemical component analysis	110:139	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	3	43	theme	immunostaining	595:608	arg1	technique					610:618	the commonly employed immunostaining technique	573:618	the commonly employed immunostaining technique	573:618	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	3	43	theme	immunostaining	595:608	arg1	suitable					627:634	suitable	627:634	suitable	627:634	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	5	44	theme	islet-like	1222:1231	arg1	cells					1233:1237	islet-like cells	1222:1237	islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1222:1254	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	4	45	theme	biochemical	763:773	arg1	analysis					785:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	0	46	theme	multiple	145:152	arg1	fitting					159:165	multiple peak fitting	145:165	multiple peak fitting	145:165	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	2	47	link	MSC-derived	380:390	arg1	cells					403:407	MSC-derived islet-like cells	380:407	MSC-derived islet-like cells	380:407	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	5	48	theme	acid	1081:1084	arg1	content					1086:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	4	49	theme	spectroscopic	715:727	arg1	data					729:732	Raman spectroscopic data	709:732	Raman spectroscopic data	709:732	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	2	50	theme	composition	423:433	arg1	differentiation					361:375	the directional differentiation	345:375	the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	345:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	4	51	theme	Raman	709:713	arg1	data					729:732	Raman spectroscopic data	709:732	Raman spectroscopic data	709:732	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	6	52	theme	MSC	1442:1444	arg1	differentiation					1446:1460	MSC differentiation	1442:1460	MSC differentiation	1442:1460	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	6	53	theme	useful	1374:1379	arg1	information					1381:1391	useful information	1374:1391	useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation	1374:1460	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	1	54	theme	islet-like	217:226	arg1	cells					228:232	islet-like cells	217:232	islet-like cells	217:232	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment.
26677068	5	55	theme	relative	1115:1122	arg1	cells					1109:1113	islet-like cells	1098:1113	islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1098:1130	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	4	56	theme	Raman	899:903	arg1	peaks					905:909	Raman peaks	899:909	Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells	899:969	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	6	57	theme	label-free	1498:1507	arg1	methods					1523:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods	1482:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages	1482:1563	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	4	58	theme	component	775:783	arg1	analysis					785:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	0	59	theme	differentiation	43:57	arg1	changes					28:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes	0:34	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.	0:166	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	0	60	theme	peak	154:157	arg1	fitting					159:165	multiple peak fitting	145:165	multiple peak fitting	145:165	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	5	61	theme	islet-like	1098:1107	arg1	cells					1109:1113	islet-like cells	1098:1113	islet-like cells relative to MSCs	1098:1130	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	3	62	theme	islet-like	525:534	arg1	cells					536:540	islet-like cells	525:540	islet-like cells	525:540	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	4	63	theme	islet-like	954:963	arg1	cells					965:969	islet-like cells	954:969	islet-like cells	954:969	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	5	64	theme	acid	1060:1063	arg1	content					1086:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content	1043:1092	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	3	65	theme	physical	662:669	arg1	separation					671:680	physical separation	662:680	physical separation	662:680	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	6	66	theme	Raman	1509:1513	arg1	methods					1523:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods	1482:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages	1482:1563	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	2	67	theme	molecular	322:330	arg1	mechanism					332:340	the precise molecular mechanism	310:340	the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	310:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	4	68	theme	fitting	737:743	arg1	analysis					785:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis	735:792	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	5	69	theme	deoxyribonucleic	1043:1058	arg1	acid					1060:1063	deoxyribonucleic acid	1043:1063	deoxyribonucleic acid	1043:1063	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	2	70	theme	precise	314:320	arg1	mechanism					332:340	the precise molecular mechanism	310:340	the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	310:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	6	71	theme	noninvasive	1482:1492	arg1	methods					1523:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods	1482:1529	noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages	1482:1563	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	0	72	theme	stem	74:77	arg1	cells					79:83	mesenchymal stem cells	62:83	mesenchymal stem cells	62:83	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	2	73	theme	biomolecular	410:421	arg1	composition					423:433	biomolecular composition	410:433	biomolecular composition	410:433	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	5	74	theme	ribonucleic	1069:1079	arg1	acid					1081:1084	ribonucleic acid	1069:1084	ribonucleic acid	1069:1084	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
26677068	6	75	theme	stem	1535:1538	arg1	cells					1540:1544	stem cells	1535:1544	stem cells	1535:1544	Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
26677068	3	76	theme	specific	547:554	arg1	markers					564:570	specific surface markers	547:570	specific surface markers	547:570	Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment.
26677068	4	77	dep	biochemical	863:873	arg1	change					889:894	change	889:894	change	889:894	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	4	77	dep	biochemical	863:873	arg1	the					846:848	the	846:848	the	846:848	Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells.
26677068	0	78	theme	mesenchymal	62:72	arg1	cells					79:83	mesenchymal stem cells	62:83	mesenchymal stem cells	62:83	Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting.
26677068	2	79	theme	structural	440:449	arg1	information					464:474	structural conformation information	440:474	structural conformation information	440:474	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	2	80	theme	differentiation	361:375	arg1	mechanism					332:340	the precise molecular mechanism	310:340	the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation	310:501	To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required.
26677068	5	81	theme	MSCs	1287:1290	arg1	differentiation					1268:1282	differentiation	1268:1282	differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells	1268:1312	Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful.
24055693	5	0	theme	necrosis	686:693	arg1	TNF-α					705:709	TNF-α	705:709	TNF-α	705:709	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	0	theme	necrosis	686:693	arg1	factor					695:700	tumor necrosis factor α	680:702	tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)	680:710	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	4	1	theme	ages	538:541	arg1	subjects					500:507	Thirty-six subjects	489:507	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese)	489:535	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese), ages 18-30 years, were recruited.
24055693	4	1	theme	ages	538:541	arg1	years					549:553	ages 18-30 years	538:553	ages 18-30 years	538:553	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese), ages 18-30 years, were recruited.
24055693	5	2	dep	CMP	657:659	arg1	μm					667:668	1-10 μm	662:668	1-10 μm	662:668	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	4	3	theme	Thirty-six	489:498	arg1	subjects					500:507	Thirty-six subjects	489:507	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese)	489:535	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese), ages 18-30 years, were recruited.
24055693	4	3	theme	Thirty-six	489:498	arg1	years					549:553	ages 18-30 years	538:553	ages 18-30 years	538:553	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese), ages 18-30 years, were recruited.
24055693	8	4	theme	size-	1292:1296	arg1	manner					1334:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	2	5	located	found	202:206	arg1	individuals					217:227	obese individuals	211:227	obese individuals	211:227	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	2	5	located	found	202:206	arg2	levels					153:158	Elevated levels	144:158	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1)	144:196	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	4	6	dep	subjects	500:507	arg1	obese					513:517	obese	513:517	obese	513:517	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese), ages 18-30 years, were recruited.
24055693	4	6	dep	subjects	500:507	arg1	non-obese					526:534	non-obese	526:534	non-obese	526:534	Thirty-six subjects (15 obese and 21 non-obese), ages 18-30 years, were recruited.
24055693	7	7	theme	TNF-α	1034:1038	arg1	quantity					1008:1015	the quantity	1004:1015	the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP	1004:1064	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	6	8	theme	non-obese	965:973	arg1	PBMCs					975:979	non-obese PBMCs	965:979	non-obese PBMCs	965:979	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	3	9	theme	microbial	318:326	arg1	chitin					357:362	chitin	357:362	chitin	357:362	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	3	9	theme	microbial	318:326	arg1	polymer					348:354	microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer	318:354	microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin)	318:363	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	7	10	theme	plasma	1100:1105	arg1	IL-6					1107:1110	plasma IL-6	1100:1110	plasma IL-6	1100:1110	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	5	11	theme	Peripheral	572:581	arg1	PBMCs					608:612	PBMCs	608:612	PBMCs	608:612	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	11	theme	Peripheral	572:581	arg1	cells					601:605	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells	572:605	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)	572:613	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	7	12	theme	waist/hip	1118:1126	arg1	circumferences					1128:1141	waist/hip circumferences	1118:1141	waist/hip circumferences	1118:1141	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	7	13	theme	fasting	1144:1150	arg1	insulin					1159:1165	fasting plasma insulin	1144:1165	fasting plasma insulin	1144:1165	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	3	14	theme	N-acetylglucosamine	328:346	arg1	chitin					357:362	chitin	357:362	chitin	357:362	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	3	14	theme	N-acetylglucosamine	328:346	arg1	polymer					348:354	microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer	318:354	microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin)	318:363	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	5	15	theme	blood	583:587	arg1	PBMCs					608:612	PBMCs	608:612	PBMCs	608:612	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	15	theme	blood	583:587	arg1	cells					601:605	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells	572:605	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)	572:613	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	6	16	theme	cytokine/CHI3L1	915:929	arg1	production					931:940	the cytokine/CHI3L1 production	911:940	the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs	911:979	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	5	17	from	interleukin	713:723	arg1	supernatants					761:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	18	theme	mononuclear	589:599	arg1	PBMCs					608:612	PBMCs	608:612	PBMCs	608:612	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	18	theme	mononuclear	589:599	arg1	cells					601:605	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells	572:605	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)	572:613	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	3	19	theme	CHI3L1	394:399	arg1	change					409:414	the plasma CHI3L1 protein change	383:414	the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals	383:435	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	7	20	theme	IL-6	1020:1023	arg1	quantity					1008:1015	the quantity	1004:1015	the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP	1004:1064	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	1	21	theme	co-risk	79:85	arg1	factor					87:92	a co-risk factor	77:92	a co-risk factor for obesity	77:104	Infection has been implicated as a co-risk factor for obesity, but the mechanism remains uncertain.
24055693	1	21	theme	co-risk	79:85	arg1	Infection					44:52	Infection	44:52	Infection	44:52	Infection has been implicated as a co-risk factor for obesity, but the mechanism remains uncertain.
24055693	3	22	theme	protein	401:407	arg1	change					409:414	the plasma CHI3L1 protein change	383:414	the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals	383:435	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	8	23	theme	CHI3L1	1243:1248	arg1	chitin					1220:1225	chitin	1220:1225	chitin	1220:1225	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	8	23	theme	CHI3L1	1243:1248	arg1	substrate					1230:1238	a substrate	1228:1238	a substrate of CHI3L1	1228:1248	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	0	24	theme	obese	16:20	arg1	inflammation					22:33	obese inflammation	16:33	obese inflammation	16:33	Chitin enhances obese inflammation ex vivo.
24055693	2	25	theme	plasma	163:168	arg1	3-like					180:185	plasma chitinase 3-like 1	163:187	plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1)	163:196	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	2	25	theme	plasma	163:168	arg1	CHI3L1					190:195	CHI3L1	190:195	CHI3L1	190:195	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	6	26	theme	soluble	888:894	arg1	chitin					896:901	soluble chitin	888:901	soluble chitin	888:901	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	5	27	theme	culture	753:759	arg1	supernatants					761:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	3	28	theme	obese	419:423	arg1	individuals					425:435	obese individuals	419:435	obese individuals	419:435	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	3	29	theme	plasma	387:392	arg1	change					409:414	the plasma CHI3L1 protein change	383:414	the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals	383:435	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	6	30	theme	chitin	823:828	arg1	beads					830:834	neither large chitin beads	809:834	neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm)	809:846	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	30	theme	chitin	823:828	arg1	μm					844:845	40-100 μm	837:845	40-100 μm	837:845	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	31	attach	isolated	951:958	arg1	PBMCs					975:979	non-obese PBMCs	965:979	non-obese PBMCs	965:979	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	31	attach	isolated	951:958	arg2	PBMCs					945:949	PBMCs	945:949	PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs	945:979	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	32	theme	chitosan	849:856	arg1	microparticles					858:871	chitosan microparticles	849:871	chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm)	849:881	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	32	theme	chitosan	849:856	arg1	μm					879:880	1-10 μm	874:880	1-10 μm	874:880	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	33	theme	large	817:821	arg1	beads					830:834	neither large chitin beads	809:834	neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm)	809:846	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	6	33	theme	large	817:821	arg1	μm					844:845	40-100 μm	837:845	40-100 μm	837:845	We chose CMP, since neither large chitin beads (40-100 μm), chitosan microparticles (1-10 μm), nor soluble chitin induced the cytokine/CHI3L1 production by PBMCs isolated from non-obese PBMCs ex vivo.
24055693	3	34	theme	immune	268:273	arg1	macrophages					291:301	macrophages	291:301	macrophages	291:301	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	3	34	theme	immune	268:273	arg1	cells					275:279	activated immune cells	258:279	activated immune cells including macrophages	258:301	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	2	35	theme	Elevated	144:151	arg1	levels					153:158	Elevated levels	144:158	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1)	144:196	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	3	36	theme	immune	462:467	arg1	response					469:476	their innate immune response	449:476	their innate immune response to chitin	449:486	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	8	37	theme	composition-	1311:1322	arg1	manner					1334:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	8	38	theme	obese	1268:1272	arg1	inflammation					1274:1285	obese inflammation	1268:1285	obese inflammation	1268:1285	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	5	39	theme	chitin	634:639	arg1	CMP					657:659	CMP	657:659	CMP	657:659	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	39	theme	chitin	634:639	arg1	microparticles					641:654	chitin microparticles	634:654	chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm)	634:669	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	40	from	factor	695:700	arg1	supernatants					761:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	41	from	CHI3L1	739:744	arg1	supernatants					761:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	the culture supernatants	749:772	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	3	42	theme	activated	258:266	arg1	macrophages					291:301	macrophages	291:301	macrophages	291:301	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	3	42	theme	activated	258:266	arg1	cells					275:279	activated immune cells	258:279	activated immune cells including macrophages	258:301	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	2	43	theme	3-like	180:185	arg1	levels					153:158	Elevated levels	144:158	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1)	144:196	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	7	44	theme	insulin	1172:1178	arg1	resistance					1180:1189	insulin resistance	1172:1189	insulin resistance	1172:1189	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	3	45	theme	innate	455:460	arg1	response					469:476	their innate immune response	449:476	their innate immune response to chitin	449:486	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
24055693	8	46	theme	dependent	1324:1332	arg1	manner					1334:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	2	47	theme	chitinase	170:178	arg1	3-like					180:185	plasma chitinase 3-like 1	163:187	plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1)	163:196	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	2	47	theme	chitinase	170:178	arg1	CHI3L1					190:195	CHI3L1	190:195	CHI3L1	190:195	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	2	48	theme	obese	211:215	arg1	individuals					217:227	obese individuals	211:227	obese individuals	211:227	Elevated levels of plasma chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are found in obese individuals.
24055693	7	49	theme	plasma	1152:1157	arg1	insulin					1159:1165	fasting plasma insulin	1144:1165	fasting plasma insulin	1144:1165	We found that the quantity of IL-6, but not TNF-α or CHI3L1, induced by CMP was significantly correlated with plasma IL-6, BMI, waist/hip circumferences, fasting plasma insulin, and insulin resistance.
24055693	5	50	theme	tumor	680:684	arg1	TNF-α					705:709	TNF-α	705:709	TNF-α	705:709	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	5	50	theme	tumor	680:684	arg1	factor					695:700	tumor necrosis factor α	680:702	tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)	680:710	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with chitin microparticles (CMP; 1-10 μm) for 24h; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and CHI3L1 in the culture supernatants were measured.
24055693	8	51	theme	chemical	1302:1309	arg1	manner					1334:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner	1290:1339	These findings suggest that chitin, a substrate of CHI3L1, further promotes obese inflammation in a size- and chemical composition- dependent manner.
24055693	3	52	from	change	409:414	arg1	individuals					425:435	obese individuals	419:435	obese individuals	419:435	Since CHI3L1 is produced by activated immune cells including macrophages and recognizes microbial N-acetylglucosamine polymer (chitin), we asked whether the plasma CHI3L1 protein change in obese individuals might alter their innate immune response to chitin.
27761062	0	0	theme	Citrobacter	94:104	arg1	rodentium					106:114	Citrobacter rodentium	94:114	Citrobacter rodentium Infection	94:124	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	6	1	theme	nuclear	900:906	arg1	NF-κB					924:928	NF-κB	924:928	NF-κB	924:928	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	6	1	theme	nuclear	900:906	arg1	B					921:921	nuclear factor-kappa B	900:921	nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)	900:929	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	2	2	theme	COS	364:366	arg1	diet					368:371	a 300 mg/kg COS diet	352:371	a 300 mg/kg COS diet	352:371	The findings reveal that, after consuming a 300 mg/kg COS diet for 14 days, microflora became more diverse as a result of the supplement.
27761062	5	3	theme	COS-feeding	765:775	arg1	mice					777:780	COS-feeding mice	765:780	COS-feeding mice	765:780	IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower in colon from COS-feeding mice than those in the control group.
27761062	5	4	from	mice	777:780	arg1	colon					754:758	colon	754:758	colon from COS-feeding mice	754:780	IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower in colon from COS-feeding mice than those in the control group.
27761062	2	5	theme	300 mg/kg	354:362	arg1	diet					368:371	a 300 mg/kg COS diet	352:371	a 300 mg/kg COS diet	352:371	The findings reveal that, after consuming a 300 mg/kg COS diet for 14 days, microflora became more diverse as a result of the supplement.
27761062	0	6	theme	Infection	116:124	arg1	Severity					82:89	the Severity	78:89	the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice	78:132	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	0	7	theme	rodentium	106:114	arg1	Infection					116:124	Citrobacter rodentium Infection	94:124	Citrobacter rodentium Infection	94:124	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	7	8	theme	mice	1079:1082	arg1	microflora					1065:1074	the intestinal microflora	1050:1074	the intestinal microflora of mice	1050:1082	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	4	9	theme	severe	695:700	arg1	colitis					702:708	less severe colitis	690:708	less severe colitis	690:708	After Citrobacter rodentium infection, the histopathology scores indicated that COS feeding resulted in less severe colitis.
27761062	7	10	theme	TNF-α	1149:1153	arg1	activation					1115:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	10	theme	TNF-α	1149:1153	arg1	production					1135:1144	less production	1130:1144	less production of TNF-α and IL-6	1130:1162	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	11	theme	intestinal	1054:1063	arg1	microflora					1065:1074	the intestinal microflora	1050:1074	the intestinal microflora of mice	1050:1082	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	6	12	from	mice	828:831	arg1	group					840:844	COS group	836:844	COS group	836:844	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	6	13	theme	colonic	938:944	arg1	tissue					946:951	the colonic tissue	934:951	the colonic tissue	934:951	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	3	14	theme	phylum	524:529	arg1	percentage					496:505	the percentage	492:505	the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum	492:529	Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum.
27761062	0	15	theme	Chitosan	8:15	arg1	Supplementation					17:31	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation	0:31	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation	0:31	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	0	16	theme	Dietary	0:6	arg1	Supplementation					17:31	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation	0:31	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation	0:31	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	1	17	theme	Citrobacter	277:287	arg1	rodentium					289:297	Citrobacter rodentium	277:297	Citrobacter rodentium infection	277:307	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	5	18	theme	control	800:806	arg1	group					808:812	the control group	796:812	the control group	796:812	IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower in colon from COS-feeding mice than those in the control group.
27761062	4	19	theme	COS	666:668	arg1	feeding					670:676	COS feeding	666:676	COS feeding	666:676	After Citrobacter rodentium infection, the histopathology scores indicated that COS feeding resulted in less severe colitis.
27761062	1	20	theme	rodentium	289:297	arg1	infection					299:307	Citrobacter rodentium infection	277:307	Citrobacter rodentium infection	277:307	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	7	21	with	infection	1239:1247	arg1	rodentium					1257:1265	C. rodentium	1254:1265	C. rodentium	1254:1265	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	3	22	from	increase	480:487	arg1	percentage					496:505	the percentage	492:505	the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum	492:529	Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum.
27761062	3	22	from	increase	480:487	arg1	percentage					553:562	the percentage	549:562	the percentage of Firmicutes phylum	549:583	Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum.
27761062	1	23	theme	dietary	199:205	arg1	supplements					222:232	dietary chitosan (COS) supplements	199:232	dietary chitosan (COS) supplements	199:232	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	7	24	theme	less	1130:1133	arg1	production					1135:1144	less production	1130:1144	less production of TNF-α and IL-6	1130:1162	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	25	theme	better	1190:1195	arg1	control					1197:1203	better control	1190:1203	better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium	1190:1265	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	1	26	theme	chitosan	207:214	arg1	supplements					222:232	dietary chitosan (COS) supplements	199:232	dietary chitosan (COS) supplements	199:232	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	7	27	theme	NF-κB	1109:1113	arg1	activation					1115:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	3	28	theme	phylum	578:583	arg1	percentage					553:562	the percentage	549:562	the percentage of Firmicutes phylum	549:583	Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum.
27761062	7	29	theme	infection	1239:1247	arg1	resolution					1225:1234	resolution	1225:1234	resolution of infection with C. rodentium	1225:1265	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	29	theme	infection	1239:1247	arg1	inflammation					1208:1219	inflammation	1208:1219	inflammation	1208:1219	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	0	30	theme	Microbial	43:51	arg1	Diversity					53:61	Microbial Diversity	43:61	Microbial Diversity	43:61	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	0	31	from	Severity	82:89	arg1	Mice					129:132	Mice	129:132	Mice	129:132	Dietary Chitosan Supplementation Increases Microbial Diversity and Attenuates the Severity of Citrobacter rodentium Infection in Mice.
27761062	1	32	theme	COS	217:219	arg1	supplements					222:232	dietary chitosan (COS) supplements	199:232	dietary chitosan (COS) supplements	199:232	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	7	33	theme	IL-6	1159:1162	arg1	activation					1115:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	33	theme	IL-6	1159:1162	arg1	production					1135:1144	less production	1130:1144	less production of TNF-α and IL-6	1130:1162	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	6	34	theme	COS	836:838	arg1	group					840:844	COS group	836:844	COS group	836:844	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	7	35	theme	resolution	1225:1234	arg1	control					1197:1203	better control	1190:1203	better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium	1190:1265	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	2	36	theme	supplement	436:445	arg1	result					422:427	a result	420:427	a result of the supplement	420:445	The findings reveal that, after consuming a 300 mg/kg COS diet for 14 days, microflora became more diverse as a result of the supplement.
27761062	7	37	theme	microflora	1065:1074	arg1	composition					1035:1045	the composition	1031:1045	the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice	1031:1082	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	1	38	theme	C57BL/6	135:141	arg1	mice					143:146	C57BL/6 mice	135:146	C57BL/6 mice	135:146	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	3	39	from	decrease	537:544	arg1	percentage					496:505	the percentage	492:505	the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum	492:529	Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum.
27761062	3	39	from	decrease	537:544	arg1	percentage					553:562	the percentage	549:562	the percentage of Firmicutes phylum	549:583	Mice receiving COS exhibited an increase in the percentage of Bacteroidetes phylum and a decrease in the percentage of Firmicutes phylum.
27761062	6	40	theme	B	921:921	arg1	activation					886:895	activation	886:895	activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue	886:951	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	7	41	theme	300 mg/kg	997:1005	arg1	COS					1007:1009	300 mg/kg COS	997:1009	300 mg/kg COS	997:1009	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	42	theme	suppressed	1098:1107	arg1	activation					1115:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	suppressed NF-κB activation	1098:1124	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	7	43	theme	inflammation	1208:1219	arg1	control					1197:1203	better control	1190:1203	better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium	1190:1265	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	4	44	theme	Citrobacter	592:602	arg1	rodentium					604:612	Citrobacter rodentium	592:612	Citrobacter rodentium infection	592:622	After Citrobacter rodentium infection, the histopathology scores indicated that COS feeding resulted in less severe colitis.
27761062	1	45	from	effects	188:194	arg1	resistance					263:272	resistance	263:272	resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection	263:307	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	1	45	from	effects	188:194	arg1	microflora					248:257	intestinal microflora	237:257	intestinal microflora	237:257	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	1	46	theme	supplements	222:232	arg1	effects					188:194	the effects	184:194	the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection	184:307	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
27761062	4	47	theme	histopathology	629:642	arg1	scores					644:649	the histopathology scores	625:649	the histopathology scores	625:649	After Citrobacter rodentium infection, the histopathology scores indicated that COS feeding resulted in less severe colitis.
27761062	7	48	theme	C.	1254:1255	arg1	rodentium					1257:1265	C. rodentium	1254:1265	C. rodentium	1254:1265	Overall, the findings revealed that adding 300 mg/kg COS to the diet changed the composition of the intestinal microflora of mice, resulting in suppressed NF-κB activation and less production of TNF-α and IL-6; and these changes led to better control of inflammation and resolution of infection with C. rodentium.
27761062	6	49	from	activation	886:895	arg1	tissue					946:951	the colonic tissue	934:951	the colonic tissue	934:951	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	6	50	theme	factor-kappa	908:919	arg1	NF-κB					924:928	NF-κB	924:928	NF-κB	924:928	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	6	50	theme	factor-kappa	908:919	arg1	B					921:921	nuclear factor-kappa B	900:921	nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)	900:929	Furthermore, mice in COS group were also found to experience inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the colonic tissue.
27761062	4	51	theme	rodentium	604:612	arg1	infection					614:622	Citrobacter rodentium infection	592:622	Citrobacter rodentium infection	592:622	After Citrobacter rodentium infection, the histopathology scores indicated that COS feeding resulted in less severe colitis.
27761062	1	52	theme	intestinal	237:246	arg1	microflora					248:257	intestinal microflora	237:257	intestinal microflora	237:257	C57BL/6 mice were tested in order to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) supplements on intestinal microflora and resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection.
29185184	6	0	from	%	931:931	arg1	SOL					951:953	SOL	951:953	SOL	951:953	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	6	0	from	%	931:931	arg1	EDL					936:938	EDL	936:938	EDL	936:938	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	4	1	theme	Ca2+	544:547	arg1	sensitivity					549:559	Ca2+ sensitivity	544:559	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus	544:584	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	9	2	from	decrease	1420:1427	arg1	density					1436:1442	the density	1432:1442	the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL	1432:1514	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	10	3	dep	muscle	1584:1589	arg1	function					1591:1598	function	1591:1598	function	1591:1598	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	5	4	theme	heavy	760:764	arg1	chain					766:770	Myosin heavy chain	753:770	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles	753:805	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	1	5	theme	musculoskeletal	163:177	arg1	growth					179:184	musculoskeletal growth	163:184	musculoskeletal growth	163:184	Laboratory rats are considered mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring.
29185184	10	6	theme	experiments	1735:1745	arg1	interpretation					1717:1730	interpretation	1717:1730	interpretation	1717:1730	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	10	6	theme	experiments	1735:1745	arg1	design					1706:1711	design	1706:1711	design	1706:1711	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	4	7	theme	pCa	627:629	arg1	fast-					613:617	fast-	613:617	fast-	613:617	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	4	7	theme	pCa	627:629	arg1	units					631:635	~ 0.04 pCa units	620:635	~ 0.04 pCa units	620:635	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	4	8	theme	pCa	662:664	arg1	units					666:670	~ 0.07 pCa units	655:670	~ 0.07 pCa units	655:670	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	4	8	theme	pCa	662:664	arg1	slow-twitch					642:652	slow-twitch	642:652	slow-twitch	642:652	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	2	9	theme	biochemical	242:252	arg1	characteristics					254:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	Changes in muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics during development from 3 months, however, are not well understood.
29185184	6	10	theme	Glycogen	890:897	arg1	content					899:905	Glycogen content	890:905	Glycogen content	890:905	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	0	11	theme	muscle	60:65	arg1	parameters					37:46	contractile and metabolic parameters	11:46	contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle	11:65	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	10	12	theme	skeletal	1575:1582	arg1	muscle					1584:1589	skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins	1575:1630	muscle	1584:1589	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	1	13	from	3 months	141:148	arg1	at					138:139	mature at 3 months	131:148	mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring	131:203	Laboratory rats are considered mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring.
29185184	5	14	theme	EDL	787:789	arg1	muscles					799:805	EDL and SOL muscles	787:805	EDL and SOL muscles	787:805	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	1	15	theme	at	138:139	arg1	3 months					141:148	mature at 3 months	131:148	mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring	131:203	Laboratory rats are considered mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring.
29185184	0	16	from	Changes	0:6	arg1	parameters					37:46	contractile and metabolic parameters	11:46	contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle	11:65	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	2	17	from	Changes	206:212	arg1	characteristics					254:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	Changes in muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics during development from 3 months, however, are not well understood.
29185184	5	18	theme	MHCIIa	855:860	arg1	proportion					862:871	MHCIIa proportion	855:871	MHCIIa proportion	855:871	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	3	19	theme	single	356:361	arg1	fibres					371:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	0	20	theme	contractile	11:21	arg1	parameters					37:46	contractile and metabolic parameters	11:46	contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle	11:65	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	7	21	from	muscle	1189:1194	arg1	constant					1117:1124	constant	1117:1124	constant	1117:1124	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	3	22	theme	digitorum	404:412	arg1	EDL					422:424	EDL	422:424	EDL	422:424	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	22	theme	digitorum	404:412	arg1	longus					414:419	fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus	383:419	fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL)	383:425	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	0	23	theme	metabolic	27:35	arg1	parameters					37:46	contractile and metabolic parameters	11:46	contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle	11:65	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	3	24	theme	fast-twitch	383:393	arg1	EDL					422:424	EDL	422:424	EDL	422:424	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	24	theme	fast-twitch	383:393	arg1	longus					414:419	fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus	383:419	fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL)	383:425	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	9	25	theme	~ 40	1414:1417	arg1	%					1418:1418	%	1418:1418	%	1418:1418	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	2	26	theme	physiological	224:236	arg1	characteristics					254:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	Changes in muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics during development from 3 months, however, are not well understood.
29185184	8	27	theme	SERCA	1221:1225	arg1	densities					1227:1235	SERCA densities	1221:1235	SERCA densities	1221:1235	Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear.
29185184	8	28	with	constant	1257:1264	arg1	age					1271:1273	age	1271:1273	age	1271:1273	Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear.
29185184	9	29	from	subunit	1501:1507	arg1	SOL					1512:1514	SOL	1512:1514	SOL	1512:1514	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	9	29	from	subunit	1501:1507	arg1	EDL					1486:1488	EDL	1486:1488	EDL	1486:1488	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	7	30	theme	protein	1086:1092	arg1	content					1094:1100	GAPDH protein content	1080:1100	GAPDH protein content	1080:1100	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	10	31	theme	proteins	1623:1630	arg1	muscle					1584:1589	skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins	1575:1630	muscle	1584:1589	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	10	31	theme	proteins	1623:1630	arg1	density					1608:1614	the density	1604:1614	the density of key proteins	1604:1630	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	3	32	theme	male	497:500	arg1	rats					517:520	male Sprague-Dawley rats	497:520	male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months)	497:541	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	32	theme	male	497:500	arg1	12 months					532:540	3, 6, 9, 12 months	523:540	3, 6, 9, 12 months	523:540	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	4	33	theme	contractile	564:574	arg1	apparatus					576:584	contractile apparatus	564:584	contractile apparatus	564:584	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	6	34	from	%	946:946	arg1	SOL					951:953	SOL	951:953	SOL	951:953	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	6	34	from	%	946:946	arg1	EDL					936:938	EDL	936:938	EDL	936:938	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	5	35	from	decrease	843:850	arg1	proportion					862:871	MHCIIa proportion	855:871	MHCIIa proportion	855:871	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	9	36	theme	Na+	1451:1453	arg1	density					1436:1442	the density	1432:1442	the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL	1432:1514	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	5	37	theme	Myosin	753:758	arg1	chain					766:770	Myosin heavy chain	753:770	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles	753:805	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	5	38	theme	chain	766:770	arg1	composition					772:782	Myosin heavy chain composition	753:782	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles	753:805	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	10	39	from	mid-adulthood	1648:1660	arg1	rats					1665:1668	rats	1665:1668	rats	1665:1668	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	6	40	dep	decreased	982:990	arg1	%					1004:1004	~ 35 and 20%	993:1004	~ 35 and 20%	993:1004	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	5	41	theme	SOL	795:797	arg1	muscles					799:805	EDL and SOL muscles	787:805	EDL and SOL muscles	787:805	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	2	42	theme	muscle	217:222	arg1	characteristics					254:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics	217:268	Changes in muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics during development from 3 months, however, are not well understood.
29185184	4	43	dep	increased	707:715	arg1	%					725:725	~ 50%	721:725	~ 50%	721:725	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	4	43	dep	increased	707:715	arg1	%					735:735	~ 25%	731:735	~ 25%	731:735	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	6	44	theme	glycogen-related	1034:1049	arg1	little					1064:1069	little	1064:1069	little	1064:1069	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	6	44	theme	glycogen-related	1034:1049	arg1	enzymes					1051:1057	the glycogen-related enzymes	1030:1057	the glycogen-related enzymes	1030:1057	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	10	45	theme	substantial	1552:1562	arg1	changes					1564:1570	substantial changes	1552:1570	substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins	1552:1630	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	5	46	theme	muscles	799:805	arg1	composition					772:782	Myosin heavy chain composition	753:782	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles	753:805	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	8	47	theme	fold	1314:1317	arg1	increase					1319:1326	a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase	1294:1326	a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins	1294:1347	Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear.
29185184	7	48	theme	SOL	1185:1187	arg1	muscle					1189:1194	SOL muscle	1185:1194	SOL muscle	1185:1194	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	1	49	theme	Laboratory	100:109	arg1	rats					111:114	Laboratory rats	100:114	Laboratory rats	100:114	Laboratory rats are considered mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring.
29185184	9	50	theme	α2	1498:1499	arg1	subunit					1501:1507	the α2 subunit	1494:1507	the α2 subunit in SOL	1494:1514	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	8	51	theme	progressive ~ 2-3	1296:1312	arg1	increase					1319:1326	a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase	1294:1326	a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins	1294:1347	Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear.
29185184	7	52	theme	protein	1158:1164	arg1	%					1180:1180	protein decreased ~ 40%	1158:1180	protein decreased ~ 40%	1158:1180	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	5	53	dep	age	838:840	arg1	decrease					843:850	decrease	843:850	decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months	843:886	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	1	54	theme	mature	131:136	arg1	3 months					141:148	mature at 3 months	131:148	mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring	131:203	Laboratory rats are considered mature at 3 months despite that musculoskeletal growth is still occurring.
29185184	2	55	from	months	296:301	arg1	development					277:287	development	277:287	development from 3 months	277:301	Changes in muscle physiological and biochemical characteristics during development from 3 months, however, are not well understood.
29185184	9	56	from	subunit	1475:1481	arg1	SOL					1512:1514	SOL	1512:1514	SOL	1512:1514	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	9	56	from	subunit	1475:1481	arg1	EDL					1486:1488	EDL	1486:1488	EDL	1486:1488	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	3	57	from	longus	414:419	arg1	fibres					371:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	57	from	longus	414:419	arg1	muscles					344:350	Whole muscles	338:350	Whole muscles	338:350	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	0	58	dep	12	89:90	arg1	to					86:87	to	86:87	to	86:87	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	6	59	theme	protein	966:972	arg1	density					974:980	GLUT4 protein density	960:980	GLUT4 protein density	960:980	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	8	60	theme	CSQ-like	1331:1338	arg1	proteins					1340:1347	CSQ-like proteins	1331:1347	CSQ-like proteins	1331:1347	Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear.
29185184	6	61	dep	increased	907:915	arg1	%					946:946	25%	944:946	25% in SOL	944:953	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	6	61	dep	increased	907:915	arg1	%					931:931	~ 80%	927:931	~ 80% in EDL	927:938	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	3	62	theme	Whole	338:342	arg1	muscles					344:350	Whole muscles	338:350	Whole muscles	338:350	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	10	63	dep	design	1706:1711	arg1	the					1702:1704	the	1702:1704	the	1702:1704	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	4	64	theme	specific	692:699	arg1	force					701:705	specific force	692:705	specific force	692:705	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	8	65	from	increase	1319:1326	arg1	proteins					1340:1347	CSQ-like proteins	1331:1347	CSQ-like proteins	1331:1347	Calsequestrin (CSQ) and SERCA densities remained relatively constant with age, whereas there was a progressive ~ 2-3 fold increase in CSQ-like proteins, though their role and importance remain unclear.
29185184	5	66	theme	small	820:824	arg1	extent					826:831	a small extent	818:831	a small extent	818:831	Myosin heavy chain composition of EDL and SOL muscles altered to a small extent with age (decrease in MHCIIa proportion after 3 months).
29185184	10	67	from	changes	1564:1570	arg1	muscle					1584:1589	skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins	1575:1630	muscle	1584:1589	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	10	67	from	changes	1564:1570	arg1	density					1608:1614	the density	1604:1614	the density of key proteins	1604:1630	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	7	68	theme	muscle	1134:1139	arg1	types					1141:1145	both muscle types	1129:1145	both muscle types	1129:1145	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	3	69	dep	longus	414:419	arg1	muscles					470:476	muscles	470:476	muscles	470:476	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	70	theme	skinned	363:369	arg1	fibres					371:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	10	71	theme	key	1619:1621	arg1	proteins					1623:1630	key proteins	1619:1630	key proteins	1619:1630	These findings emphasise there are substantial changes in skeletal muscle function and the density of key proteins during early to mid-adulthood in rats, which need to be considered in the design and interpretation of experiments.
29185184	4	72	theme	muscle	673:678	arg1	fibres					680:685	muscle fibres	673:685	muscle fibres	673:685	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	3	73	theme	slow-twitch	445:455	arg1	SOL					465:467	SOL	465:467	SOL	465:467	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	73	theme	slow-twitch	445:455	arg1	soleus					457:462	predominantly slow-twitch soleus	431:462	predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL)	431:468	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	0	74	theme	skeletal	51:58	arg1	muscle					60:65	skeletal muscle	51:65	skeletal muscle	51:65	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	7	75	from	constant	1117:1124	arg1	types					1141:1145	both muscle types	1129:1145	both muscle types	1129:1145	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	7	75	from	constant	1117:1124	arg1	muscle					1189:1194	SOL muscle	1185:1194	SOL muscle	1185:1194	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	6	76	theme	GLUT4	960:964	arg1	density					974:980	GLUT4 protein density	960:980	GLUT4 protein density	960:980	Glycogen content increased with age (~ 80% in EDL and 25% in SOL) and GLUT4 protein density decreased (~ 35 and 20%, respectively), whereas the glycogen-related enzymes were little changed.
29185184	3	77	theme	extensor	395:402	arg1	EDL					422:424	EDL	422:424	EDL	422:424	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	77	theme	extensor	395:402	arg1	longus					414:419	fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus	383:419	fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL)	383:425	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	78	from	soleus	457:462	arg1	fibres					371:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	single skinned fibres	356:376	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	78	from	soleus	457:462	arg1	muscles					344:350	Whole muscles	338:350	Whole muscles	338:350	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	9	79	theme	%	1418:1418	arg1	decrease					1420:1427	~ 40% decrease	1414:1427	~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL	1414:1514	There was also ~ 40% decrease in the density of the Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit in EDL and the α2 subunit in SOL.
29185184	7	80	theme	GAPDH	1080:1084	arg1	content					1094:1100	GAPDH protein content	1080:1100	GAPDH protein content	1080:1100	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	4	81	dep	fast-	613:617	arg1	fibres					680:685	muscle fibres	673:685	muscle fibres	673:685	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	7	82	from	types	1141:1145	arg1	constant					1117:1124	constant	1117:1124	constant	1117:1124	GAPDH protein content was relatively constant in both muscle types, but COXIV protein decreased ~ 40% in SOL muscle.
29185184	4	83	theme	apparatus	576:584	arg1	sensitivity					549:559	Ca2+ sensitivity	544:559	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus	544:584	Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile apparatus decreased with age in both fast- (~ 0.04 pCa units) and slow-twitch (~ 0.07 pCa units) muscle fibres, and specific force increased (by ~ 50% and ~ 25%, respectively).
29185184	0	84	from	months	92:97	arg1	age					75:77	age	75:77	age	75:77	Changes in contractile and metabolic parameters of skeletal muscle as rats age from 3 to 12 months.
29185184	3	85	theme	Sprague-Dawley	502:515	arg1	rats					517:520	male Sprague-Dawley rats	497:520	male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months)	497:541	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
29185184	3	85	theme	Sprague-Dawley	502:515	arg1	12 months					532:540	3, 6, 9, 12 months	523:540	3, 6, 9, 12 months	523:540	Whole muscles and single skinned fibres from fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and predominantly slow-twitch soleus (SOL) muscles were examined from male Sprague-Dawley rats (3, 6, 9, 12 months).
28039140	7	0	theme	substrate	1702:1710	arg1	specificity					1712:1722	substrate specificity	1702:1722	substrate specificity	1702:1722	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	9	1	theme	catalytic	1846:1854	arg1	Loops					1810:1814	Loops 1 and 2	1810:1822	Loops 1 and 2	1810:1822	Loops 1 and 2 are recognized as the catalytic loops and are closely related to the substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency.
28039140	9	1	theme	catalytic	1846:1854	arg1	loops					1856:1860	the catalytic loops	1842:1860	the catalytic loops	1842:1860	Loops 1 and 2 are recognized as the catalytic loops and are closely related to the substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency.
28039140	2	2	theme	catalytic	324:332	arg1	efficiency					334:343	catalytic efficiency	324:343	catalytic efficiency	324:343	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	11	3	theme	loop	2242:2245	arg1	function					2230:2237	the function	2226:2237	the function of loop 3	2226:2247	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	11	4	theme	partial	2158:2164	arg1	sequences					2173:2181	partial loop 3 sequences	2158:2181	partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA	2158:2197	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	7	5	theme	critical	1680:1687	arg1	roles					1689:1693	critical roles	1680:1693	critical roles	1680:1693	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	4	6	theme	specific	812:819	arg1	sequences					821:829	two specific sequences	808:829	two specific sequences (FN and STTQA)	808:844	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	4	6	theme	specific	812:819	arg1	STTQA					839:843	STTQA	839:843	STTQA	839:843	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	4	6	theme	specific	812:819	arg1	FN					832:833	FN	832:833	FN	832:833	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	7	7	theme	GH12	1615:1618	arg1	endoglucanases					1620:1633	GH12 endoglucanases	1615:1633	GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes	1615:1763	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	3	8	theme	cellulose	689:697	arg1	[CMC-Na					706:712	carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na	675:712	carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na	675:712	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	7	9	dep	specificity	1712:1722	arg1	the					1698:1700	the	1698:1700	the	1698:1700	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	1	10	theme	wide	157:160	arg1	range					162:166	a wide range	155:166	a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose	155:227	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	2	11	theme	GH12	282:285	arg1	enzymes					287:293	GH12 enzymes	282:293	GH12 enzymes	282:293	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	9	12	theme	substrate	1893:1901	arg1	specificity					1903:1913	the substrate specificity	1889:1913	the substrate specificity	1889:1913	Loops 1 and 2 are recognized as the catalytic loops and are closely related to the substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency.
28039140	5	13	theme	sequence	1013:1020	arg1	STTQA					1022:1026	the counterpart sequence STTQA	997:1026	the counterpart sequence STTQA	997:1026	To determine their functions, these sequences were introduced into NfEG12A, or the counterpart sequence STTQA was removed from EG.
28039140	2	14	theme	regions	271:277	arg1	roles					253:257	the important roles	239:257	the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency	239:343	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	1	15	theme	critical	182:189	arg1	activities					171:180	activities	171:180	activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose	171:227	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	1	16	theme	GH	118:119	arg1	family					122:127	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12	97:130	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12	97:130	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	7	17	theme	vital	1589:1593	arg1	roles					1595:1599	the vital roles	1585:1599	the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes	1585:1763	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	13	18	theme	catalytic	2582:2590	arg1	loops					2592:2596	catalytic loops	2582:2596	catalytic loops	2582:2596	This study proposes a strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases by improving the hydrogen network between substrates and catalytic loops.
28039140	7	19	dep	endoglucanases	1620:1633	arg1	play					1675:1678	play	1675:1678	play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes	1675:1763	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	2	20	theme	important	243:251	arg1	roles					253:257	the important roles	239:257	the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency	239:343	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	3	21	theme	catalytic	602:610	arg1	efficiency					612:621	the highest catalytic efficiency	590:621	the highest catalytic efficiency	590:621	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	2	22	from	roles	253:257	arg1	specificity					308:318	substrate specificity	298:318	substrate specificity	298:318	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	2	22	from	roles	253:257	arg1	efficiency					334:343	catalytic efficiency	324:343	catalytic efficiency	324:343	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	0	23	theme	Family	55:60	arg1	Endoglucanases					17:30	Fungal Endoglucanases	10:30	Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	10:63	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12 Modulates Catalytic Efficiency.
28039140	3	24	theme	PDB	516:518	arg1	EG					512:513	EG	512:513	EG (PDB 1KS4)	512:524	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	3	24	theme	PDB	516:518	arg1	1KS4					520:523	PDB 1KS4	516:523	PDB 1KS4	516:523	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	10	25	theme	amino	2000:2004	arg1	composition					2011:2021	amino acid composition	2000:2021	amino acid composition	2000:2021	Loop 3 locates in the -1 or +1 subsite and varies a lot in amino acid composition, which may play a role in catalysis.
28039140	4	26	theme	endoglucanases	891:904	arg1	region					876:881	the loop 3 region	865:881	the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi	865:915	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	12	27	theme	turnover	2416:2423	arg1	kcat					2431:2434	kcat	2431:2434	kcat	2431:2434	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	12	27	theme	turnover	2416:2423	arg1	rate					2425:2428	the turnover rate	2412:2428	the turnover rate (kcat)	2412:2435	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	4	28	dep	sequences	821:829	arg1	sequences					821:829	two specific sequences	808:829	two specific sequences (FN and STTQA)	808:844	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	4	28	dep	sequences	821:829	arg1	STTQA					839:843	STTQA	839:843	STTQA	839:843	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	4	28	dep	sequences	821:829	arg1	FN					832:833	FN	832:833	FN	832:833	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	3	29	dep	fischeri	496:503	arg1	EG					512:513	EG	512:513	EG (PDB 1KS4)	512:524	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	3	29	dep	fischeri	496:503	arg1	1KS4					520:523	PDB 1KS4	516:523	PDB 1KS4	516:523	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	3	29	dep	fischeri	496:503	arg1	P1					505:506	P1	505:506	P1	505:506	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	12	30	theme	network	2332:2338	arg1	interactions					2340:2351	the hydrogen network interactions	2319:2351	the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein	2319:2385	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	12	31	theme	GH12	2288:2291	arg1	glucanases					2293:2302	GH12 glucanases	2288:2302	GH12 glucanases	2288:2302	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	7	32	theme	enzymes	1757:1763	arg1	specificity					1712:1722	substrate specificity	1702:1722	substrate specificity	1702:1722	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	7	32	theme	enzymes	1757:1763	arg1	hydrolysis					1738:1747	catalytic hydrolysis	1728:1747	catalytic hydrolysis	1728:1747	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	1	33	theme	hydrolase	107:115	arg1	family					122:127	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12	97:130	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12	97:130	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	4	34	theme	homology	789:796	arg1	modeling					798:805	homology modeling	789:805	homology modeling	789:805	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	3	35	theme	enzymatic	425:433	arg1	properties					435:444	the enzymatic properties	421:444	the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far	421:741	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	0	36	theme	Endoglucanases	17:30	arg1	Loop					0:3	Loop 3	0:5	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	0:63	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12 Modulates Catalytic Efficiency.
28039140	0	37	theme	Glycoside	35:43	arg1	Family					55:60	Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	35:63	Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	35:63	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12 Modulates Catalytic Efficiency.
28039140	7	38	theme	catalytic	1728:1736	arg1	hydrolysis					1738:1747	catalytic hydrolysis	1728:1747	catalytic hydrolysis	1728:1747	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	13	39	theme	GH12	2509:2512	arg1	glucanases					2514:2523	GH12 glucanases	2509:2523	GH12 glucanases	2509:2523	This study proposes a strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases by improving the hydrogen network between substrates and catalytic loops.
28039140	6	40	theme	dynamic	1343:1349	arg1	analyses					1362:1369	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses	1321:1369	analyses	1362:1369	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	12	41	theme	longer	2271:2276	arg1	loop					2278:2281	the longer loop 3	2267:2283	the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases	2267:2302	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	2	42	theme	substrate	298:306	arg1	specificity					308:318	substrate specificity	298:318	substrate specificity	298:318	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	1	43	theme	lignocellulose	214:227	arg1	degradation					199:209	the degradation	195:209	the degradation of lignocellulose	195:227	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	3	44	theme	carboxymethyl	675:687	arg1	[CMC-Na					706:712	carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na	675:712	carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na	675:712	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	6	45	theme	turnover	1515:1522	arg1	kcat					1530:1533	kcat	1530:1533	kcat	1530:1533	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	6	45	theme	turnover	1515:1522	arg1	rate					1524:1527	the turnover rate	1511:1527	the turnover rate (kcat)	1511:1534	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	3	46	theme	Neosartorya	484:494	arg1	fischeri					496:503	Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4)	484:524	Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4)	484:524	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	4	47	from	fungi	911:915	arg1	region					876:881	the loop 3 region	865:881	the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi	865:915	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	4	47	from	fungi	911:915	arg1	endoglucanases					891:904	GH12 endoglucanases	886:904	GH12 endoglucanases from fungi	886:915	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	3	48	from	fischeri	496:503	arg1	NfEG12A					471:477	NfEG12A	471:477	NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4)	471:524	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	2	49	theme	loop	266:269	arg1	regions					271:277	the loop regions	262:277	the loop regions of GH12 enzymes	262:293	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	2	50	theme	enzymes	287:293	arg1	regions					271:277	the loop regions	262:277	the loop regions of GH12 enzymes	262:293	However, the important roles of the loop regions of GH12 enzymes in substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency remain poorly understood.
28039140	7	51	theme	catalysis.IMPORTANCE	1638:1657	arg1	structures					1664:1673	catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures	1638:1673	catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures	1638:1673	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	7	52	theme	Loop	1659:1662	arg1	structures					1664:1673	catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures	1638:1673	catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures	1638:1673	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	6	53	theme	longer	1389:1394	arg1	loop					1396:1399	the longer loop 3	1385:1401	the longer loop 3 in GH12	1385:1409	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	10	54	theme	-1	1963:1964	arg1	subsite					1972:1978	the -1 or +1 subsite	1959:1978	subsite	1972:1978	Loop 3 locates in the -1 or +1 subsite and varies a lot in amino acid composition, which may play a role in catalysis.
28039140	3	55	theme	sodium	699:704	arg1	[CMC-Na					706:712	carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na	675:712	carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na	675:712	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	3	56	theme	Aspergillus	531:541	arg1	niger					543:547	Aspergillus niger	531:547	Aspergillus niger	531:547	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	11	57	theme	loop	2166:2169	arg1	sequences					2173:2181	partial loop 3 sequences	2158:2181	partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA	2158:2197	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	1	58	theme	activities	171:180	arg1	range					162:166	a wide range	155:166	a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose	155:227	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	4	59	theme	loop	869:872	arg1	region					876:881	the loop 3 region	865:881	the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi	865:915	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	7	60	theme	loop	1604:1607	arg1	roles					1595:1599	the vital roles	1585:1599	the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes	1585:1763	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	4	61	from	region	876:881	arg1	fungi					911:915	fungi	911:915	fungi	911:915	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	3	62	theme	thermophilic	565:576	arg1	NfEG12A					578:584	Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A	531:584	Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A	531:584	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	9	63	theme	catalytic	1919:1927	arg1	efficiency					1929:1938	catalytic efficiency	1919:1938	catalytic efficiency	1919:1938	Loops 1 and 2 are recognized as the catalytic loops and are closely related to the substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency.
28039140	3	64	theme	Acidophilic	549:559	arg1	NfEG12A					578:584	Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A	531:584	Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A	531:584	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	6	65	theme	hydrogen-bond	1430:1442	arg1	interactions					1444:1455	the hydrogen-bond interactions	1426:1455	the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein	1426:1489	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	3	66	theme	highest	594:600	arg1	efficiency					612:621	the highest catalytic efficiency	590:621	the highest catalytic efficiency	590:621	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	10	67	theme	+1	1969:1970	arg1	subsite					1972:1978	the -1 or +1 subsite	1959:1978	subsite	1972:1978	Loop 3 locates in the -1 or +1 subsite and varies a lot in amino acid composition, which may play a role in catalysis.
28039140	13	68	theme	hydrogen	2542:2549	arg1	network					2551:2557	the hydrogen network	2538:2557	the hydrogen network between substrates and catalytic loops	2538:2596	This study proposes a strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases by improving the hydrogen network between substrates and catalytic loops.
28039140	3	69	theme	glucanases	454:463	arg1	properties					435:444	the enzymatic properties	421:444	the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far	421:741	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	5	70	theme	counterpart	1001:1011	arg1	STTQA					1022:1026	the counterpart sequence STTQA	997:1026	the counterpart sequence STTQA	997:1026	To determine their functions, these sequences were introduced into NfEG12A, or the counterpart sequence STTQA was removed from EG.
28039140	10	71	theme	acid	2006:2009	arg1	composition					2011:2021	amino acid composition	2000:2021	amino acid composition	2000:2021	Loop 3 locates in the -1 or +1 subsite and varies a lot in amino acid composition, which may play a role in catalysis.
28039140	7	72	theme	new	1559:1561	arg1	insight					1563:1569	a new insight	1557:1569	a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes	1557:1763	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	0	73	theme	Catalytic	75:83	arg1	Efficiency					85:94	Catalytic Efficiency	75:94	Catalytic Efficiency	75:94	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12 Modulates Catalytic Efficiency.
28039140	11	74	dep	sequences	2173:2181	arg1	STTQA					2193:2197	STTQA	2193:2197	STTQA	2193:2197	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	11	74	dep	sequences	2173:2181	arg1	FN					2183:2184	FN	2183:2184	FN	2183:2184	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	3	75	dep	glucanases	454:463	arg1	kcat/K					624:629	kcat/K	624:629	kcat/K	624:629	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	3	75	dep	glucanases	454:463	arg1	ml/mg/s					647:653	3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s	633:653	3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na]	633:713	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	4	76	theme	GH12	886:889	arg1	endoglucanases					891:904	GH12 endoglucanases	886:904	GH12 endoglucanases from fungi	886:915	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
28039140	6	77	from	loop	1396:1399	arg1	GH12					1406:1409	GH12	1406:1409	GH12	1406:1409	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	13	78	theme	glucanases	2514:2523	arg1	efficiency					2495:2504	the catalytic efficiency	2481:2504	the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases	2481:2523	This study proposes a strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases by improving the hydrogen network between substrates and catalytic loops.
28039140	10	79	from	lot	1993:1995	arg1	composition					2011:2021	amino acid composition	2000:2021	amino acid composition	2000:2021	Loop 3 locates in the -1 or +1 subsite and varies a lot in amino acid composition, which may play a role in catalysis.
28039140	5	80	attach	removed	1032:1038	arg2	STTQA					1022:1026	the counterpart sequence STTQA	997:1026	the counterpart sequence STTQA	997:1026	To determine their functions, these sequences were introduced into NfEG12A, or the counterpart sequence STTQA was removed from EG.
28039140	5	80	attach	removed	1032:1038	arg1	EG					1045:1046	EG	1045:1046	EG	1045:1046	To determine their functions, these sequences were introduced into NfEG12A, or the counterpart sequence STTQA was removed from EG.
28039140	8	81	theme	typical	1772:1778	arg1	loops					1780:1784	Three typical loops	1766:1784	Three typical loops	1766:1784	Three typical loops exist in these enzymes.
28039140	0	82	theme	Fungal	10:15	arg1	Endoglucanases					17:30	Fungal Endoglucanases	10:30	Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	10:63	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12 Modulates Catalytic Efficiency.
28039140	1	83	theme	Glycoside	97:105	arg1	family					122:127	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12	97:130	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12	97:130	Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 12 comprises enzymes with a wide range of activities critical for the degradation of lignocellulose.
28039140	12	84	theme	hydrogen	2323:2330	arg1	interactions					2340:2351	the hydrogen network interactions	2319:2351	the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein	2319:2385	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	13	85	theme	catalytic	2485:2493	arg1	efficiency					2495:2504	the catalytic efficiency	2481:2504	the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases	2481:2523	This study proposes a strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of GH12 glucanases by improving the hydrogen network between substrates and catalytic loops.
28039140	3	86	theme	loop	399:402	arg1	region					406:411	the loop 3 region	395:411	the loop 3 region	395:411	This study examined how the loop 3 region affects the enzymatic properties of GH12 glucanases using NfEG12A from Neosartorya fischeri P1 and EG (PDB 1KS4) from Aspergillus niger Acidophilic and thermophilic NfEG12A had the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/K , 3,001 and 263 ml/mg/s toward lichenin and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium [CMC-Na], respectively) known so far.
28039140	11	87	theme	GH12	2079:2082	arg1	EG					2108:2109	EG	2108:2109	EG	2108:2109	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	11	87	theme	GH12	2079:2082	arg1	NfEG12A					2096:2102	NfEG12A	2096:2102	NfEG12A	2096:2102	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	11	87	theme	GH12	2079:2082	arg1	glucanases					2084:2093	two GH12 glucanases	2075:2093	two GH12 glucanases	2075:2093	In this study, two GH12 glucanases, NfEG12A and EG, which were mutated by introducing or deleting partial loop 3 sequences FN and/or STTQA, were selected to identify the function of loop 3.
28039140	0	88	theme	Hydrolase	45:53	arg1	Family					55:60	Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	35:63	Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12	35:63	Loop 3 of Fungal Endoglucanases of Glycoside Hydrolase Family 12 Modulates Catalytic Efficiency.
28039140	7	89	theme	GH12	1752:1755	arg1	enzymes					1757:1763	GH12 enzymes	1752:1763	GH12 enzymes	1752:1763	This study provides a new insight to understand the vital roles of loop 3 for GH12 endoglucanases in catalysis.IMPORTANCE Loop structures play critical roles in the substrate specificity and catalytic hydrolysis of GH12 enzymes.
28039140	6	90	theme	simulation	1351:1360	arg1	analyses					1362:1369	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses	1321:1369	analyses	1362:1369	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	12	91	theme	glucanases	2293:2302	arg1	loop					2278:2281	the longer loop 3	2267:2283	the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases	2267:2302	It revealed that the longer loop 3 of GH12 glucanases may strengthen the hydrogen network interactions between the substrate and protein, consequently increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	6	92	theme	Molecular	1321:1329	arg1	docking					1331:1337	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses	1321:1369	docking	1331:1337	Molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses revealed that the longer loop 3 in GH12 may strengthen the hydrogen-bond interactions between the substrate and protein, thereby increasing the turnover rate (kcat).
28039140	4	93	theme	multiple-sequence	757:773	arg1	alignment					775:783	the multiple-sequence alignment	753:783	the multiple-sequence alignment	753:783	Based on the multiple-sequence alignment and homology modeling, two specific sequences (FN and STTQA) were identified in the loop 3 region of GH12 endoglucanases from fungi.
24927271	10	0	theme	product	1699:1705	arg1	characterization					1707:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	oxidation					297:305	oxidation	297:305	oxidation	297:305	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	variety					212:218	a variety	210:218	a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization	210:357	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	glycosylation					308:320	glycosylation	308:320	glycosylation	308:320	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	cyclization					347:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	deamidation					269:279	deamidation	269:279	deamidation	269:279	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	isomerization					282:294	isomerization	282:294	isomerization	282:294	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	glycation					323:331	glycation	323:331	glycation	323:331	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	1	theme	modifications	246:258	arg1	modifications					246:258	enzymatic and chemical modifications	223:258	enzymatic and chemical modifications	223:258	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	8	2	theme	phase	1259:1263	arg1	chromatography					1265:1278	reversed phase chromatography	1250:1278	reversed phase chromatography	1250:1278	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	7	3	dep	focusing	1106:1113	arg1	isoelectric					1094:1104	isoelectric	1094:1104	isoelectric	1094:1104	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	4	4	theme	rapid	651:655	arg1	methodology					673:683	a rapid and informative methodology	649:683	a rapid and informative methodology	649:683	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	11	5	theme	batch	1776:1780	arg1	release					1782:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	7	6	theme	liquid	1043:1048	arg1	spectrometry					1070:1081	liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry	1043:1081	liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry	1043:1081	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	4	7	theme	individual	731:740	arg1	domains					742:748	individual domains	731:748	individual domains	731:748	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	4	8	theme	informative	661:671	arg1	methodology					673:683	a rapid and informative methodology	649:683	a rapid and informative methodology	649:683	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	11	9	theme	antibody	1815:1822	arg1	products					1846:1853	antibody and Fc fusion protein products	1815:1853	antibody and Fc fusion protein products	1815:1853	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	0	10	from	application	45:55	arg1	characterization					100:115	IgG domain-specific characterization	80:115	IgG domain-specific characterization	80:115	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	4	11	theme	domains	742:748	arg1	heterogeneity					714:726	the heterogeneity	710:726	the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products	710:764	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	3	12	theme	antibody	612:619	arg1	products					621:628	the therapeutic antibody products	596:628	the therapeutic antibody products	596:628	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	1	13	theme	Monoclonal	118:127	arg1	antibody					129:136	Monoclonal antibody	118:136	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products	118:151	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	13	theme	Monoclonal	118:127	arg1	mAb					139:141	mAb	139:141	mAb	139:141	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	6	14	theme	bonds	925:929	arg1	reduction					902:910	reduction	902:910	reduction of disulfide bonds	902:929	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	15	dep	domains	947:953	arg1	Fd					960:961	Fd	960:961	Fd	960:961	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	15	dep	domains	947:953	arg1	Fc/2					968:971	Fc/2	968:971	Fc/2	968:971	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	15	dep	domains	947:953	arg1	LC					956:957	LC	956:957	LC	956:957	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	15	dep	domains	947:953	arg1	domains					947:953	three antibody domains	932:953	three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2)	932:972	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	4	16	theme	mAb	753:755	arg1	products					757:764	mAb products	753:764	mAb products	753:764	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	1	17	theme	antibody	129:136	arg1	products					144:151	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products	118:151	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products	118:151	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	2	18	theme	molecule	415:422	arg1	domains					391:397	different domains	381:397	different domains of the antibody molecule	381:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	2	18	theme	molecule	415:422	arg1	molecule					415:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	9	19	theme	subclasses	1529:1538	arg1	IgGs					1511:1514	IgGs	1511:1514	IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein	1511:1590	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	8	20	theme	simple	1342:1347	arg1	strategy					1349:1356	a simple strategy	1340:1356	a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1340:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	11	21	theme	drug	1761:1764	arg1	release					1782:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	0	22	theme	IdeS	60:63	arg1	proteolysis					65:75	IdeS proteolysis	60:75	IdeS proteolysis	60:75	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	1	23	theme	terminal	338:345	arg1	cyclization					347:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	8	24	theme	identity	1365:1372	arg1	test					1409:1412	an important formal test	1389:1412	an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1389:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	8	24	theme	identity	1365:1372	arg1	test					1374:1377	an identity test	1362:1377	an identity test	1362:1377	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	10	25	theme	convenient	1628:1637	arg1	platform					1639:1646	a convenient platform	1626:1646	a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1626:1722	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	0	26	theme	domain-specific	84:98	arg1	characterization					100:115	IgG domain-specific characterization	80:115	IgG domain-specific characterization	80:115	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	2	27	theme	different	438:446	arg1	consequences					459:470	different biological consequences	438:470	different biological consequences	438:470	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	10	28	theme	scientific	1661:1670	arg1	characterization					1707:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	8	29	theme	important	1392:1400	arg1	test					1409:1412	an important formal test	1389:1412	an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1389:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	8	29	theme	important	1392:1400	arg1	test					1374:1377	an identity test	1362:1377	an identity test	1362:1377	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	0	30	theme	monoclonal	15:24	arg1	antibody					26:33	monoclonal antibody	15:33	monoclonal antibody analysis	15:42	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	7	31	theme	domain-specific	1142:1156	arg1	profiling					1158:1166	domain-specific profiling	1142:1166	domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution	1142:1229	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	10	32	dep	scientific	1661:1670	arg1	therapeutic					1683:1693	therapeutic	1683:1693	therapeutic	1683:1693	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	10	33	theme	mAb	1695:1697	arg1	characterization					1707:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	9	34	theme	fusion	1577:1582	arg1	protein					1584:1590	an Fc fusion protein	1571:1590	an Fc fusion protein	1571:1590	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	8	35	theme	biopharmaceutical	1418:1434	arg1	purposes					1452:1459	biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1418:1459	biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1418:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	10	36	theme	formal	1676:1681	arg1	characterization					1707:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1661:1722	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	1	37	theme	variety	212:218	arg1	presence					198:205	the presence	194:205	the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization	194:357	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	0	38	dep	tool	6:9	arg1	application					45:55	application	45:55	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.	0:116	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	5	39	theme	Fc	878:879	arg1	fragments					881:889	Fc fragments	878:889	Fc fragments	878:889	A recently discovered endopeptidase, IdeS, cleaves heavy chains below the hinge region, producing F(ab') 2 and Fc fragments.
24927271	11	40	theme	domain-specific	1909:1923	arg1	modifications					1925:1937	domain-specific modifications	1909:1937	domain-specific modifications	1909:1937	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	8	41	theme	control	1444:1450	arg1	purposes					1452:1459	biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1418:1459	biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1418:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	3	42	theme	domain-specific	527:541	arg1	modifications					543:555	domain-specific modifications	527:555	domain-specific modifications	527:555	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	oxidation					297:305	oxidation	297:305	oxidation	297:305	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	glycosylation					308:320	glycosylation	308:320	glycosylation	308:320	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	cyclization					347:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	deamidation					269:279	deamidation	269:279	deamidation	269:279	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	isomerization					282:294	isomerization	282:294	isomerization	282:294	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	glycation					323:331	glycation	323:331	glycation	323:331	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	43	theme	enzymatic	223:231	arg1	modifications					246:258	enzymatic and chemical modifications	223:258	enzymatic and chemical modifications	223:258	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	7	44	theme	glycan	1120:1125	arg1	mapping					1127:1133	glycan mapping	1120:1133	glycan mapping	1120:1133	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	6	45	theme	disulfide	915:923	arg1	bonds					925:929	disulfide bonds	915:929	disulfide bonds	915:929	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	7	46	theme	glycoform	1208:1216	arg1	distribution					1218:1229	glycoform distribution	1208:1229	glycoform distribution	1208:1229	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	4	47	from	heterogeneity	714:726	arg1	products					757:764	mAb products	753:764	mAb products	753:764	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	oxidation					297:305	oxidation	297:305	oxidation	297:305	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	glycosylation					308:320	glycosylation	308:320	glycosylation	308:320	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	cyclization					347:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	terminal cyclization	338:357	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	deamidation					269:279	deamidation	269:279	deamidation	269:279	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	isomerization					282:294	isomerization	282:294	isomerization	282:294	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	glycation					323:331	glycation	323:331	glycation	323:331	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	1	48	theme	chemical	237:244	arg1	modifications					246:258	enzymatic and chemical modifications	223:258	enzymatic and chemical modifications	223:258	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, and terminal cyclization.
24927271	11	49	theme	protein	1838:1844	arg1	products					1846:1853	antibody and Fc fusion protein products	1815:1853	antibody and Fc fusion protein products	1815:1853	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	7	50	theme	distribution	1218:1229	arg1	profiling					1158:1166	domain-specific profiling	1142:1166	domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution	1142:1229	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	7	51	theme	chromatography/mass	1050:1068	arg1	spectrometry					1070:1081	liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry	1043:1081	liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry	1043:1081	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	8	52	theme	reversed	1250:1257	arg1	chromatography					1265:1278	reversed phase chromatography	1250:1278	reversed phase chromatography	1250:1278	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	11	53	theme	stability	1794:1802	arg1	testing					1804:1810	stability testing	1794:1810	stability testing	1794:1810	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	11	54	theme	modifications	1925:1937	arg1	identity					1874:1881	identity	1874:1881	identity	1874:1881	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	11	54	theme	modifications	1925:1937	arg1	monitoring					1895:1904	routine monitoring	1887:1904	routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications	1887:1937	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	10	55	theme	presented	1597:1605	arg1	technique					1607:1615	The presented technique	1593:1615	The presented technique	1593:1615	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	11	56	theme	products	1846:1853	arg1	release					1782:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	11	56	theme	products	1846:1853	arg1	testing					1804:1810	stability testing	1794:1810	stability testing	1794:1810	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	7	57	theme	Subsequent	1020:1029	arg1	analyses					1031:1038	Subsequent analyses	1020:1038	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping	1020:1133	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	3	58	theme	products	621:628	arg1	quality					585:591	the quality	581:591	the quality of the therapeutic antibody products	581:628	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	6	59	theme	antibody	938:945	arg1	Fd					960:961	Fd	960:961	Fd	960:961	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	59	theme	antibody	938:945	arg1	Fc/2					968:971	Fc/2	968:971	Fc/2	968:971	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	59	theme	antibody	938:945	arg1	LC					956:957	LC	956:957	LC	956:957	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	6	59	theme	antibody	938:945	arg1	domains					947:953	three antibody domains	932:953	three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2)	932:972	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	3	60	theme	therapeutic	600:610	arg1	products					621:628	the therapeutic antibody products	596:628	the therapeutic antibody products	596:628	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	8	61	theme	chromatographic	1292:1306	arg1	profile					1308:1314	the unique chromatographic profile	1281:1314	the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule	1281:1331	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	4	62	gly	heterogeneity	714:726	arg1	domains					742:748	individual domains	731:748	individual domains	731:748	For this purpose, a rapid and informative methodology was developed to examine the heterogeneity of individual domains in mAb products.
24927271	9	63	theme	IgGs	1511:1514	arg1	number					1501:1506	a number	1499:1506	a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein	1499:1590	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	11	64	theme	Fc	1828:1829	arg1	protein					1838:1844	Fc fusion protein	1828:1844	Fc fusion protein	1828:1844	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	5	65	theme	discovered	778:787	arg1	endopeptidase					789:801	A recently discovered endopeptidase	767:801	A recently discovered endopeptidase	767:801	A recently discovered endopeptidase, IdeS, cleaves heavy chains below the hinge region, producing F(ab') 2 and Fc fragments.
24927271	5	65	theme	discovered	778:787	arg1	IdeS					804:807	IdeS	804:807	IdeS	804:807	A recently discovered endopeptidase, IdeS, cleaves heavy chains below the hinge region, producing F(ab') 2 and Fc fragments.
24927271	9	66	theme	different	1519:1527	arg1	subclasses					1529:1538	different subclasses	1519:1538	different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4)	1519:1557	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	8	67	theme	molecule	1324:1331	arg1	profile					1308:1314	the unique chromatographic profile	1281:1314	the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule	1281:1331	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	0	68	theme	proteolysis	65:75	arg1	application					45:55	application	45:55	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.	0:116	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	11	69	theme	substance	1766:1774	arg1	release					1782:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	0	70	theme	IgG	80:82	arg1	characterization					100:115	IgG domain-specific characterization	80:115	IgG domain-specific characterization	80:115	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	11	71	theme	fusion	1831:1836	arg1	protein					1838:1844	Fc fusion protein	1828:1844	Fc fusion protein	1828:1844	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	7	72	theme	charge	1182:1187	arg1	heterogeneity					1189:1201	charge heterogeneity	1182:1201	charge heterogeneity	1182:1201	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	11	73	theme	regulated	1751:1759	arg1	release					1782:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	regulated drug substance batch release	1751:1788	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	2	74	theme	different	381:389	arg1	domains					391:397	different domains	381:397	different domains of the antibody molecule	381:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	2	74	theme	different	381:389	arg1	molecule					415:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	0	75	theme	new	2:4	arg1	tool					6:9	A new tool	0:9	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.	0:116	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	5	76	theme	hinge	841:845	arg1	region					847:852	the hinge region	837:852	the hinge region	837:852	A recently discovered endopeptidase, IdeS, cleaves heavy chains below the hinge region, producing F(ab') 2 and Fc fragments.
24927271	9	77	dep	subclasses	1529:1538	arg1	IgG4					1553:1556	IgG4	1553:1556	IgG4	1553:1556	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	9	77	dep	subclasses	1529:1538	arg1	IgG1					1541:1544	IgG1	1541:1544	IgG1	1541:1544	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	2	78	theme	antibody	406:413	arg1	molecule					415:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	0	79	theme	antibody	26:33	arg1	analysis					35:42	monoclonal antibody analysis	15:42	monoclonal antibody analysis	15:42	A new tool for monoclonal antibody analysis: application of IdeS proteolysis in IgG domain-specific characterization.
24927271	8	80	theme	unique	1285:1290	arg1	profile					1308:1314	the unique chromatographic profile	1281:1314	the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule	1281:1331	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	6	81	theme	further	994:1000	arg1	characterization					1002:1017	further characterization	994:1017	further characterization	994:1017	Following reduction of disulfide bonds, three antibody domains (LC, Fd, and Fc/2) can be released for further characterization.
24927271	11	82	theme	routine	1887:1893	arg1	monitoring					1895:1904	routine monitoring	1887:1904	routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications	1887:1937	It can also be applied in regulated drug substance batch release and stability testing of antibody and Fc fusion protein products, in particular for identity and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications.
24927271	10	83	dep	platform	1639:1646	arg1	approach					1648:1655	approach	1648:1655	approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization	1648:1722	The presented technique provides a convenient platform approach for scientific and formal therapeutic mAb product characterization.
24927271	7	84	theme	heterogeneity	1189:1201	arg1	profiling					1158:1166	domain-specific profiling	1142:1166	domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution	1142:1229	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
24927271	5	85	theme	heavy	818:822	arg1	chains					824:829	heavy chains	818:829	heavy chains below the hinge region	818:852	A recently discovered endopeptidase, IdeS, cleaves heavy chains below the hinge region, producing F(ab') 2 and Fc fragments.
24927271	9	86	theme	Fc	1574:1575	arg1	protein					1584:1590	an Fc fusion protein	1571:1590	an Fc fusion protein	1571:1590	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	2	87	from	modifications	364:376	arg1	domains					391:397	different domains	381:397	different domains of the antibody molecule	381:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	2	87	from	modifications	364:376	arg1	molecule					415:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	the antibody molecule	402:422	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	2	88	theme	biological	448:457	arg1	consequences					459:470	different biological consequences	438:470	different biological consequences	438:470	The modifications in different domains of the antibody molecule can result in different biological consequences.
24927271	8	89	theme	formal	1402:1407	arg1	test					1409:1412	an important formal test	1389:1412	an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1389:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	8	89	theme	formal	1402:1407	arg1	test					1374:1377	an identity test	1362:1377	an identity test	1362:1377	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	3	90	theme	routine	505:511	arg1	monitoring					513:522	routine monitoring	505:522	routine monitoring	505:522	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	9	91	theme	protein	1584:1590	arg1	IgGs					1511:1514	IgGs	1511:1514	IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein	1511:1590	This methodology is demonstrated for a number of IgGs of different subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG4), as well as an Fc fusion protein.
24927271	3	92	theme	modifications	543:555	arg1	characterization					484:499	characterization	484:499	characterization	484:499	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	3	92	theme	modifications	543:555	arg1	monitoring					513:522	routine monitoring	505:522	routine monitoring	505:522	Therefore, characterization and routine monitoring of domain-specific modifications are essential to ensure the quality of the therapeutic antibody products.
24927271	8	93	theme	quality	1436:1442	arg1	purposes					1452:1459	biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1418:1459	biopharmaceutical quality control purposes	1418:1459	When coupled with reversed phase chromatography, the unique chromatographic profile of each molecule offers a simple strategy for an identity test, which is an important formal test for biopharmaceutical quality control purposes.
24927271	7	94	theme	oxidation	1171:1179	arg1	profiling					1158:1166	domain-specific profiling	1142:1166	domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution	1142:1229	Subsequent analyses by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, capillary isoelectric focusing, and glycan mapping enable domain-specific profiling of oxidation, charge heterogeneity, and glycoform distribution.
26649737	8	0	theme	dextran	1133:1139	arg1	synthesis					1141:1149	optimal pH for dextran synthesis	1118:1149	optimal pH for dextran synthesis	1118:1149	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	12	1	theme	bran	1734:1737	arg1	use					1700:1702	the use	1696:1702	the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications	1696:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	9	2	theme	starch	1176:1181	arg1	higher					1209:1214	higher	1209:1214	higher	1209:1214	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	9	2	theme	starch	1176:1181	arg1	content					1183:1189	The starch content	1172:1189	The starch content of wheat bran	1172:1203	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	1	3	theme	foods	141:145	arg1	consumption					115:125	The consumption	111:125	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran	111:165	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran is highly recommended due to its beneficial health effects.
26649737	7	4	theme	rye	907:909	arg1	bran					911:914	rye bran	907:914	rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran	907:1031	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	5	5	theme	mineral	768:774	arg1	content					776:782	mineral content	768:782	mineral content	768:782	Bran raw materials were analyzed for their chemical compositions and mineral content.
26649737	8	6	theme	dextran	1041:1047	arg1	production					1049:1058	Higher dextran production	1034:1058	Higher dextran production in rye bran	1034:1070	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	7	7	theme	acidification	983:995	arg1	phase					1001:1005	the acidification lag phase	979:1005	the acidification lag phase	979:1005	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	4	8	theme	confusa	682:688	arg1	strains					690:696	two Weissella confusa strains	668:696	two Weissella confusa strains	668:696	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	7	9	theme	more	891:894	arg1	dextran					896:902	more dextran	891:902	more dextran	891:902	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	11	10	theme	residual	1474:1481	arg1	content					1492:1498	lower residual fructose content	1468:1498	lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance	1468:1532	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	6	11	theme	Microbial	785:793	arg1	kinetics					820:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics	785:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics	785:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics were determined from the fermentations.
26649737	8	12	theme	rye	1063:1065	arg1	bran					1067:1070	rye bran	1063:1070	rye bran	1063:1070	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	7	13	theme	lag	997:999	arg1	phase					1001:1005	the acidification lag phase	979:1005	the acidification lag phase	979:1005	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	12	14	theme	raw	1730:1732	arg1	bran					1734:1737	nutritionally valuable raw bran	1707:1737	nutritionally valuable raw bran	1707:1737	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	12	15	theme	wheat	1561:1565	arg1	matrices					1607:1614	promising matrices	1597:1614	promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications	1597:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	12	15	theme	wheat	1561:1565	arg1	bran					1588:1591	wheat and particularly rye bran	1561:1591	bran	1588:1591	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	11	16	theme	technological	1510:1522	arg1	relevance					1524:1532	technological relevance	1510:1532	technological relevance	1510:1532	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	2	17	theme	acid	264:267	arg1	bacteria					269:276	lactic acid bacteria	257:276	lactic acid bacteria	257:276	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	6	18	theme	acidification	806:818	arg1	kinetics					820:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics	785:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics	785:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics were determined from the fermentations.
26649737	2	19	dep	flavor	324:329	arg1	the					301:303	the	301:303	the	301:303	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	4	20	theme	study	581:585	arg1	aim					569:571	The aim	565:571	The aim of this study	565:585	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	0	21	theme	wheat	99:103	arg1	bran					105:108	wheat bran	99:108	wheat bran	99:108	Rye bran as fermentation matrix boosts in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa compared to wheat bran.
26649737	9	22	theme	bran	1200:1203	arg1	higher					1209:1214	higher	1209:1214	higher	1209:1214	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	9	22	theme	bran	1200:1203	arg1	content					1183:1189	The starch content	1172:1189	The starch content of wheat bran	1172:1203	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	2	23	theme	lactic	257:262	arg1	bacteria					269:276	lactic acid bacteria	257:276	lactic acid bacteria	257:276	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	11	24	theme	fructose	1483:1490	arg1	content					1492:1498	lower residual fructose content	1468:1498	lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance	1468:1532	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	3	25	theme	enzymatic	418:426	arg1	modification					428:439	enzymatic modification	418:439	enzymatic modification of bran components	418:458	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	3	26	theme	positive	383:390	arg1	effects					392:398	These positive effects	377:398	These positive effects	377:398	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	6	27	theme	growth	795:800	arg1	kinetics					820:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics	785:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics	785:827	Microbial growth and acidification kinetics were determined from the fermentations.
26649737	2	28	theme	products	367:374	arg1	flavor					324:329	otherwise impaired flavor	305:329	otherwise impaired flavor	305:329	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	2	28	theme	products	367:374	arg1	qualities					344:352	textural qualities	335:352	textural qualities	335:352	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	8	29	theme	synthesis	1141:1149	arg1	period					1108:1113	the longer period	1097:1113	the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation	1097:1169	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	5	30	theme	chemical	742:749	arg1	compositions					751:762	their chemical compositions	736:762	their chemical compositions	736:762	Bran raw materials were analyzed for their chemical compositions and mineral content.
26649737	2	31	theme	bran-rich	357:365	arg1	products					367:374	bran-rich products	357:374	bran-rich products	357:374	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	0	32	theme	Rye	0:2	arg1	bran					4:7	Rye bran	0:7	Rye bran as fermentation matrix	0:30	Rye bran as fermentation matrix boosts in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa compared to wheat bran.
26649737	7	33	theme	fermentation-induced	929:948	arg1	slower					968:973	slower	968:973	slower	968:973	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	7	33	theme	fermentation-induced	929:948	arg1	acidification					950:962	the fermentation-induced acidification	925:962	the fermentation-induced acidification	925:962	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	11	34	theme	lower	1468:1472	arg1	content					1492:1498	lower residual fructose content	1468:1498	lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance	1468:1532	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	0	35	theme	fermentation	12:23	arg1	matrix					25:30	fermentation matrix	12:30	fermentation matrix	12:30	Rye bran as fermentation matrix boosts in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa compared to wheat bran.
26649737	8	36	theme	Higher	1034:1039	arg1	production					1049:1058	Higher dextran production	1034:1058	Higher dextran production in rye bran	1034:1070	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	10	37	theme	raw	1402:1404	arg1	materials					1406:1414	all raw materials	1398:1414	all raw materials	1398:1414	W. confusa Cab3 produced slightly higher amounts of dextran than W. confusa VTT E-90392 in all raw materials.
26649737	3	38	theme	components	449:458	arg1	modification					428:439	enzymatic modification	418:439	enzymatic modification of bran components	418:458	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	3	38	theme	components	449:458	arg1	production					468:477	the production	464:477	the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans	464:562	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	8	39	from	production	1049:1058	arg1	bran					1067:1070	rye bran	1063:1070	rye bran	1063:1070	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	5	40	theme	Bran	699:702	arg1	materials					708:716	Bran raw materials	699:716	Bran raw materials	699:716	Bran raw materials were analyzed for their chemical compositions and mineral content.
26649737	12	41	from	use	1700:1702	arg1	applications					1747:1758	food applications	1742:1758	food applications	1742:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	4	42	theme	Weissella	672:680	arg1	strains					690:696	two Weissella confusa strains	668:696	two Weissella confusa strains	668:696	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	3	43	theme	metabolites	493:503	arg1	modification					428:439	enzymatic modification	418:439	enzymatic modification of bran components	418:458	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	3	43	theme	metabolites	493:503	arg1	production					468:477	the production	464:477	the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans	464:562	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	12	44	theme	significant	1646:1656	arg1	dextran					1669:1675	dextran	1669:1675	dextran	1669:1675	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	12	44	theme	significant	1646:1656	arg1	amounts					1658:1664	technologically significant amounts	1630:1664	technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications	1630:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	5	45	theme	raw	704:706	arg1	materials					708:716	Bran raw materials	699:716	Bran raw materials	699:716	Bran raw materials were analyzed for their chemical compositions and mineral content.
26649737	4	46	with	fermentation	650:661	arg1	strains					690:696	two Weissella confusa strains	668:696	two Weissella confusa strains	668:696	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	9	47	theme	production	1295:1304	arg1	expense					1276:1282	the expense	1272:1282	the expense of dextran production	1272:1304	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	4	48	theme	rye	638:640	arg1	bran					642:645	wheat and rye bran	628:645	bran	642:645	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	12	49	theme	valuable	1721:1728	arg1	bran					1734:1737	nutritionally valuable raw bran	1707:1737	nutritionally valuable raw bran	1707:1737	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	2	50	with	Pre-fermentation	227:242	arg1	bacteria					269:276	lactic acid bacteria	257:276	lactic acid bacteria	257:276	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	9	51	theme	isomaltooligosaccharide	1235:1257	arg1	formation					1259:1267	isomaltooligosaccharide formation	1235:1267	isomaltooligosaccharide formation	1235:1267	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	0	52	dep	in	39:40	arg1	situ					42:45	situ	42:45	situ	42:45	Rye bran as fermentation matrix boosts in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa compared to wheat bran.
26649737	10	53	theme	dextran	1359:1365	arg1	dextran					1359:1365	dextran	1359:1365	dextran	1359:1365	W. confusa Cab3 produced slightly higher amounts of dextran than W. confusa VTT E-90392 in all raw materials.
26649737	10	53	theme	dextran	1359:1365	arg1	amounts					1348:1354	slightly higher amounts	1332:1354	slightly higher amounts of dextran	1332:1365	W. confusa Cab3 produced slightly higher amounts of dextran than W. confusa VTT E-90392 in all raw materials.
26649737	3	54	theme	bran	444:447	arg1	components					449:458	bran components	444:458	bran components	444:458	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	12	55	theme	promising	1597:1605	arg1	matrices					1607:1614	promising matrices	1597:1614	promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications	1597:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	12	55	theme	promising	1597:1605	arg1	bran					1588:1591	wheat and particularly rye bran	1561:1591	bran	1588:1591	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	9	56	theme	wheat	1194:1198	arg1	bran					1200:1203	wheat bran	1194:1203	wheat bran	1194:1203	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	8	57	theme	pH for	1126:1131	arg1	synthesis					1141:1149	optimal pH for dextran synthesis	1118:1149	optimal pH for dextran synthesis	1118:1149	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	11	58	with	Fermentation	1417:1428	arg1	Cab3					1446:1449	Cab3	1446:1449	Cab3	1446:1449	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	2	59	theme	impaired	315:322	arg1	flavor					324:329	otherwise impaired flavor	305:329	otherwise impaired flavor	305:329	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	0	60	theme	in	39:40	arg1	production					55:64	in situ dextran production	39:64	in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa	39:85	Rye bran as fermentation matrix boosts in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa compared to wheat bran.
26649737	8	61	theme	longer	1101:1106	arg1	period					1108:1113	the longer period	1097:1113	the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation	1097:1169	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	7	62	theme	wheat	1022:1026	arg1	bran					1028:1031	wheat bran	1022:1031	wheat bran	1022:1031	Both strains produced more dextran in rye bran in which the fermentation-induced acidification was slower and the acidification lag phase longer than in wheat bran.
26649737	3	63	theme	functional	482:491	arg1	metabolites					493:503	functional metabolites	482:503	functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans	482:562	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	12	64	theme	food	1742:1745	arg1	applications					1747:1758	food applications	1742:1758	food applications	1742:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	8	65	theme	optimal	1118:1124	arg1	synthesis					1141:1149	optimal pH for dextran synthesis	1118:1149	optimal pH for dextran synthesis	1118:1149	Higher dextran production in rye bran is expected to be due to the longer period of optimal pH for dextran synthesis during fermentation.
26649737	2	66	theme	bran	247:250	arg1	Pre-fermentation					227:242	Pre-fermentation	227:242	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria	227:276	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	10	67	theme	higher	1341:1346	arg1	dextran					1359:1365	dextran	1359:1365	dextran	1359:1365	W. confusa Cab3 produced slightly higher amounts of dextran than W. confusa VTT E-90392 in all raw materials.
26649737	10	67	theme	higher	1341:1346	arg1	amounts					1348:1354	slightly higher amounts	1332:1354	slightly higher amounts of dextran	1332:1365	W. confusa Cab3 produced slightly higher amounts of dextran than W. confusa VTT E-90392 in all raw materials.
26649737	11	68	contain	has	1506:1508	arg2	relevance					1524:1532	technological relevance	1510:1532	technological relevance	1510:1532	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	11	68	contain	has	1506:1508	arg1	content					1492:1498	lower residual fructose content	1468:1498	lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance	1468:1532	Fermentation with W. confusa Cab3 also resulted in lower residual fructose content which has technological relevance.
26649737	1	69	theme	fiber-rich	130:139	arg1	bran					162:165	cereal bran	155:165	cereal bran	155:165	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran is highly recommended due to its beneficial health effects.
26649737	1	69	theme	fiber-rich	130:139	arg1	foods					141:145	fiber-rich foods	130:145	fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran	130:165	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran is highly recommended due to its beneficial health effects.
26649737	2	70	used	used	285:288	arg2	Pre-fermentation					227:242	Pre-fermentation	227:242	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria	227:276	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	1	71	theme	beneficial	200:209	arg1	effects					218:224	its beneficial health effects	196:224	its beneficial health effects	196:224	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran is highly recommended due to its beneficial health effects.
26649737	4	72	from	production	614:623	arg1	bran					642:645	wheat and rye bran	628:645	bran	642:645	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	4	73	theme	wheat	628:632	arg1	bran					642:645	wheat and rye bran	628:645	bran	642:645	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
26649737	3	74	theme	organic	510:516	arg1	dextrans					555:562	dextrans	555:562	dextrans	555:562	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	3	74	theme	organic	510:516	arg1	acids					518:522	organic acids	510:522	organic acids	510:522	These positive effects are attributed to enzymatic modification of bran components and the production of functional metabolites like organic acids and exopolysaccharides such as dextrans.
26649737	1	75	theme	cereal	155:160	arg1	bran					162:165	cereal bran	155:165	cereal bran	155:165	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran is highly recommended due to its beneficial health effects.
26649737	1	76	theme	health	211:216	arg1	effects					218:224	its beneficial health effects	196:224	its beneficial health effects	196:224	The consumption of fiber-rich foods such as cereal bran is highly recommended due to its beneficial health effects.
26649737	0	77	theme	dextran	47:53	arg1	production					55:64	in situ dextran production	39:64	in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa	39:85	Rye bran as fermentation matrix boosts in situ dextran production by Weissella confusa compared to wheat bran.
26649737	9	78	theme	dextran	1287:1293	arg1	production					1295:1304	dextran production	1287:1304	dextran production	1287:1304	The starch content of wheat bran was higher, which may promote isomaltooligosaccharide formation at the expense of dextran production.
26649737	12	79	theme	rye	1584:1586	arg1	matrices					1607:1614	promising matrices	1597:1614	promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications	1597:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	12	79	theme	rye	1584:1586	arg1	bran					1588:1591	wheat and particularly rye bran	1561:1591	bran	1588:1591	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	2	80	theme	textural	335:342	arg1	qualities					344:352	textural qualities	335:352	textural qualities	335:352	Pre-fermentation of bran with lactic acid bacteria can be used to improve the otherwise impaired flavor and textural qualities of bran-rich products.
26649737	12	81	theme	dextran	1669:1675	arg1	dextran					1669:1675	dextran	1669:1675	dextran	1669:1675	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	12	81	theme	dextran	1669:1675	arg1	amounts					1658:1664	technologically significant amounts	1630:1664	technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications	1630:1758	The results indicate that wheat and particularly rye bran are promising matrices for producing technologically significant amounts of dextran, which facilitates the use of nutritionally valuable raw bran in food applications.
26649737	4	82	theme	dextran	606:612	arg1	production					614:623	dextran production	606:623	dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains	606:696	The aim of this study was to investigate dextran production in wheat and rye bran by fermentation with two Weissella confusa strains.
29109183	7	0	theme	transport	1152:1160	arg1	defects					1162:1168	LPS transport defects	1148:1168	LPS transport defects	1148:1168	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	10	1	theme	bacteria	2039:2046	arg1	OM					2013:2014	OM	2013:2014	OM	2013:2014	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	10	1	theme	bacteria	2039:2046	arg1	membrane					2003:2010	the outer membrane	1993:2010	the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria	1993:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	12	2	theme	complex	2271:2277	arg1	component					2250:2258	the periplasmic component	2234:2258	the periplasmic component	2234:2258	LptA is the periplasmic component of the Lpt complex, which bridges IM and OM and ferries LPS across the periplasm.
29109183	12	2	theme	complex	2271:2277	arg1	LptA					2226:2229	LptA	2226:2229	LptA	2226:2229	LptA is the periplasmic component of the Lpt complex, which bridges IM and OM and ferries LPS across the periplasm.
29109183	10	3	theme	most	2020:2023	arg1	bacteria					2039:2046	most Gram-negative bacteria	2020:2046	most Gram-negative bacteria	2020:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	15	4	theme	LPS	2700:2702	arg1	biogenesis					2704:2713	LPS biogenesis	2700:2713	LPS biogenesis	2700:2713	The analysis of two independent suppressors revealed different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome defects in LPS biogenesis.
29109183	3	5	from	Defects	484:490	arg1	transport					499:507	LPS transport	495:507	LPS transport	495:507	Defects in LPS transport compromise LPS assembly at the OM and result in increased antibiotic sensitivity.
29109183	3	6	theme	LPS	520:522	arg1	assembly					524:531	LPS assembly	520:531	LPS assembly	520:531	Defects in LPS transport compromise LPS assembly at the OM and result in increased antibiotic sensitivity.
29109183	4	7	theme	protein	661:667	arg1	LptC					669:672	the IM protein LptC	654:672	the IM protein LptC	654:672	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	10	8	theme	OM	1885:1886	arg1	defects					1888:1894	OM defects	1885:1894	OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics	1885:2085	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	1	9	theme	Gram-negative	190:202	arg1	bacteria					204:211	Gram-negative bacteria	190:211	Gram-negative bacteria	190:211	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	4	10	theme	machine	626:632	arg1	component					605:613	a key component	599:613	a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm	599:713	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	4	10	theme	machine	626:632	arg1	LptA					591:594	LptA	591:594	LptA	591:594	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	10	11	theme	transport.IMPORTANCE	1919:1938	arg1	LPS					1960:1962	LPS	1960:1962	LPS	1960:1962	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	10	11	theme	transport.IMPORTANCE	1919:1938	arg1	Lipopolysaccharide					1940:1957	impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide	1906:1957	impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics	1906:2085	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	9	12	theme	additional	1601:1610	arg1	substitution					1623:1634	an additional amino acid substitution	1598:1634	an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1598:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	10	13	theme	impaired	1906:1913	arg1	LPS					1960:1962	LPS	1960:1962	LPS	1960:1962	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	10	13	theme	impaired	1906:1913	arg1	Lipopolysaccharide					1940:1957	impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide	1906:1957	impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics	1906:2085	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	0	14	theme	Outer	130:134	arg1	Defects					158:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects	123:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli	123:184	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	8	15	from	deletion	1353:1360	arg1	mlaA					1365:1368	mlaA	1365:1368	mlaA	1365:1368	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	6	16	theme	increased	890:898	arg1	sensitivity					900:910	increased sensitivity	890:910	increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin)	890:972	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	9	17	theme	acid	1618:1621	arg1	substitution					1623:1634	an additional amino acid substitution	1598:1634	an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1598:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	12	18	theme	periplasmic	2238:2248	arg1	component					2250:2258	the periplasmic component	2234:2258	the periplasmic component	2234:2258	LptA is the periplasmic component of the Lpt complex, which bridges IM and OM and ferries LPS across the periplasm.
29109183	12	18	theme	periplasmic	2238:2248	arg1	LptA					2226:2229	LptA	2226:2229	LptA	2226:2229	LptA is the periplasmic component of the Lpt complex, which bridges IM and OM and ferries LPS across the periplasm.
29109183	11	19	theme	multiprotein	2200:2211	arg1	complex					2217:2223	the multiprotein Lpt complex	2196:2223	the multiprotein Lpt complex	2196:2223	LPS is synthesized at the inner membrane (IM), transported across the periplasm, and assembled at the OM by the multiprotein Lpt complex.
29109183	0	20	theme	Permeability	145:156	arg1	Defects					158:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects	123:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli	123:184	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	3	21	theme	increased	557:565	arg1	sensitivity					578:588	increased antibiotic sensitivity	557:588	increased antibiotic sensitivity	557:588	Defects in LPS transport compromise LPS assembly at the OM and result in increased antibiotic sensitivity.
29109183	5	22	theme	conserved	786:794	arg1	acids					802:806	four conserved amino acids	781:806	four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding	781:850	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	8	23	theme	phenotypic	1210:1219	arg1	suppressors					1242:1252	two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors	1206:1252	two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet	1206:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	5	24	from	mutant	771:776	arg1	acids					802:806	four conserved amino acids	781:806	four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding	781:850	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	14	25	theme	increased	2502:2510	arg1	sensitivity					2512:2522	increased sensitivity	2502:2522	increased sensitivity to antibiotics	2502:2537	We generated a mutant partially defective in lptA that exhibited increased sensitivity to antibiotics and selected for suppressors of the mutant.
29109183	9	26	theme	nonsense	1652:1659	arg1	mutation					1661:1668	a nonsense mutation	1650:1668	a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1650:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	8	27	theme	lptA41	1257:1262	arg1	suppressors					1242:1252	two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors	1206:1252	two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet	1206:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	10	28	dep	Lipopolysaccharide	1940:1957	arg1	constituent					1978:1988	the major constituent	1968:1988	the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria	1968:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	7	29	theme	LPS	1148:1150	arg1	defects					1162:1168	LPS transport defects	1148:1168	LPS transport defects	1148:1168	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	9	30	theme	membrane-derived	1734:1749	arg1	synthesis					1767:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	9	31	from	LptA41	1639:1644	arg1	opgH					1673:1676	opgH	1673:1676	opgH	1673:1676	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	6	32	dep	antibiotics	923:933	arg1	bacitracin					936:945	bacitracin	936:945	bacitracin	936:945	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	6	32	dep	antibiotics	923:933	arg1	antibiotics					923:933	several antibiotics	915:933	several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin)	915:972	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	6	32	dep	antibiotics	923:933	arg1	rifampin					948:955	rifampin	948:955	rifampin	948:955	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	6	32	dep	antibiotics	923:933	arg1	novobiocin					962:971	novobiocin	962:971	novobiocin	962:971	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	10	33	theme	membrane	2003:2010	arg1	constituent					1978:1988	the major constituent	1968:1988	the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria	1968:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	0	34	theme	LptA	87:90	arg1	Analysis					24:31	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis	0:31	Analysis	24:31	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	1	35	theme	toxic	338:342	arg1	molecules					344:352	toxic molecules	338:352	toxic molecules	338:352	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	1	35	theme	toxic	338:342	arg1	antibiotics					378:388	antibiotics	378:388	antibiotics	378:388	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	1	35	theme	toxic	338:342	arg1	detergents					363:372	detergents	363:372	detergents	363:372	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	5	36	theme	LptC	839:842	arg1	binding					844:850	LptC binding	839:850	LptC binding	839:850	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	9	37	from	substitution	1623:1634	arg1	LptA41					1639:1644	LptA41	1639:1644	LptA41	1639:1644	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	9	37	from	substitution	1623:1634	arg1	mutation					1661:1668	a nonsense mutation	1650:1668	a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1650:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	8	38	theme	OM	1429:1430	arg1	asymmetry					1432:1440	OM asymmetry	1429:1440	OM asymmetry	1429:1440	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	7	39	from	assembly	1086:1093	arg1	defective					1061:1069	defective	1061:1069	defective	1061:1069	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	8	40	theme	only	1285:1288	arg1	sensitivity					1301:1311	only bacitracin sensitivity	1285:1311	only bacitracin sensitivity	1285:1311	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	7	41	theme	lipid	1104:1108	arg1	A					1110:1110	its lipid A	1100:1110	its lipid A	1100:1110	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	2	42	theme	multiprotein	460:471	arg1	machinery					473:481	the Lpt multiprotein machinery	452:481	the Lpt multiprotein machinery	452:481	LPS is transported from the inner membrane (IM) to the OM by the Lpt multiprotein machinery.
29109183	0	43	theme	Mutation	0:7	arg1	Analysis					24:31	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis	0:31	Analysis	24:31	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	1	44	theme	outer	293:297	arg1	OM					309:310	OM	309:310	OM	309:310	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	1	44	theme	outer	293:297	arg1	membrane					299:306	the outer membrane	289:306	the outer membrane (OM)	289:311	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	9	45	theme	periplasmic	1722:1732	arg1	synthesis					1767:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	8	46	theme	phospholipids	1470:1482	arg1	accumulation					1454:1465	accumulation	1454:1465	accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet	1454:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	5	47	theme	quadruple	761:769	arg1	mutant					771:776	a quadruple mutant	759:776	a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding	759:850	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	5	47	theme	quadruple	761:769	arg1	lptA41					751:756	lptA41	751:756	lptA41	751:756	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	9	48	theme	other	1510:1514	arg1	mutant					1516:1521	The other mutant	1506:1521	The other mutant	1506:1521	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	9	49	theme	oligosaccharide	1751:1765	arg1	synthesis					1767:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	15	50	from	defects	2689:2695	arg1	biogenesis					2704:2713	LPS biogenesis	2700:2713	LPS biogenesis	2700:2713	The analysis of two independent suppressors revealed different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome defects in LPS biogenesis.
29109183	10	51	theme	suppressor	1802:1811	arg1	mutants					1813:1819	the suppressor mutants	1798:1819	the suppressor mutants	1798:1819	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	8	52	from	accumulation	1454:1465	arg1	leaflet					1497:1503	the outer leaflet	1487:1503	the outer leaflet	1487:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	7	53	theme	Lpt	1074:1076	arg1	assembly					1086:1093	Lpt complex assembly	1074:1093	Lpt complex assembly	1074:1093	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	0	54	theme	Transport	69:77	arg1	LptA					87:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	8	55	theme	small	1338:1342	arg1	deletion					1353:1360	a small in-frame deletion	1336:1360	a small in-frame deletion	1336:1360	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	0	56	theme	Essential	40:48	arg1	LptA					87:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	14	57	from	lptA	2482:2485	arg1	defective					2469:2477	defective	2469:2477	defective	2469:2477	We generated a mutant partially defective in lptA that exhibited increased sensitivity to antibiotics and selected for suppressors of the mutant.
29109183	15	58	theme	independent	2603:2613	arg1	suppressors					2615:2625	two independent suppressors	2599:2625	two independent suppressors	2599:2625	The analysis of two independent suppressors revealed different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome defects in LPS biogenesis.
29109183	6	59	theme	LPS	1028:1030	arg1	transport					1032:1040	LPS transport	1028:1040	LPS transport	1028:1040	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	1	60	theme	permeability	265:276	arg1	barrier					278:284	the robust permeability barrier	254:284	the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM)	254:311	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	7	61	from	defective	1061:1069	arg1	assembly					1086:1093	Lpt complex assembly	1074:1093	Lpt complex assembly	1074:1093	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	9	62	theme	SDS	1559:1561	arg1	sensitivity					1563:1573	SDS sensitivity	1559:1573	SDS sensitivity	1559:1573	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	7	63	theme	defects	1162:1168	arg1	diagnostic					1134:1143	diagnostic	1134:1143	diagnostic	1134:1143	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	10	64	theme	Gram-negative	2025:2037	arg1	bacteria					2039:2046	most Gram-negative bacteria	2020:2046	most Gram-negative bacteria	2020:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	12	65	theme	Lpt	2267:2269	arg1	complex					2271:2277	the Lpt complex	2263:2277	the Lpt complex	2263:2277	LptA is the periplasmic component of the Lpt complex, which bridges IM and OM and ferries LPS across the periplasm.
29109183	14	66	from	defective	2469:2477	arg1	lptA					2482:2485	lptA	2482:2485	lptA	2482:2485	We generated a mutant partially defective in lptA that exhibited increased sensitivity to antibiotics and selected for suppressors of the mutant.
29109183	3	67	theme	LPS	495:497	arg1	transport					499:507	LPS transport	495:507	LPS transport	495:507	Defects in LPS transport compromise LPS assembly at the OM and result in increased antibiotic sensitivity.
29109183	5	68	theme	amino	796:800	arg1	acids					802:806	four conserved amino acids	781:806	four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding	781:850	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	15	69	theme	suppressors	2615:2625	arg1	analysis					2587:2594	The analysis	2583:2594	The analysis of two independent suppressors	2583:2625	The analysis of two independent suppressors revealed different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome defects in LPS biogenesis.
29109183	7	70	theme	diagnostic	1134:1143	arg1	modifications					1120:1132	modifications	1120:1132	modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects	1120:1168	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	6	71	theme	several	915:921	arg1	bacitracin					936:945	bacitracin	936:945	bacitracin	936:945	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	6	71	theme	several	915:921	arg1	antibiotics					923:933	several antibiotics	915:933	several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin)	915:972	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	6	71	theme	several	915:921	arg1	rifampin					948:955	rifampin	948:955	rifampin	948:955	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	6	71	theme	several	915:921	arg1	novobiocin					962:971	novobiocin	962:971	novobiocin	962:971	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	11	72	theme	Lpt	2213:2215	arg1	complex					2217:2223	the multiprotein Lpt complex	2196:2223	the multiprotein Lpt complex	2196:2223	LPS is synthesized at the inner membrane (IM), transported across the periplasm, and assembled at the OM by the multiprotein Lpt complex.
29109183	4	73	theme	Lpt	622:624	arg1	machine					626:632	the Lpt machine	618:632	the Lpt machine	618:632	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	10	74	theme	LPS	1915:1917	arg1	LPS					1960:1962	LPS	1960:1962	LPS	1960:1962	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	10	74	theme	LPS	1915:1917	arg1	Lipopolysaccharide					1940:1957	impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide	1906:1957	impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics	1906:2085	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	0	75	theme	Membrane	136:143	arg1	Defects					158:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects	123:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli	123:184	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	9	76	theme	amino	1612:1616	arg1	substitution					1623:1634	an additional amino acid substitution	1598:1634	an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1598:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	4	77	theme	key	601:603	arg1	component					605:613	a key component	599:613	a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm	599:713	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	4	77	theme	key	601:603	arg1	LptA					591:594	LptA	591:594	LptA	591:594	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	8	78	theme	OM	1390:1391	arg1	lipoprotein					1393:1403	an OM lipoprotein	1387:1403	an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet	1387:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	4	79	theme	IM	658:659	arg1	LptC					669:672	the IM protein LptC	654:672	the IM protein LptC	654:672	LptA is a key component of the Lpt machine that interacts with the IM protein LptC and chaperones LPS through the periplasm.
29109183	9	80	link	membrane-derived	1734:1749	arg1	synthesis					1767:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis	1722:1775	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	8	81	theme	bacitracin-resistant	1221:1240	arg1	suppressors					1242:1252	two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors	1206:1252	two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet	1206:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	10	82	theme	major	1972:1976	arg1	constituent					1978:1988	the major constituent	1968:1988	the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria	1968:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	0	83	theme	Protein	79:85	arg1	LptA					87:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	3	84	theme	antibiotic	567:576	arg1	sensitivity					578:588	increased antibiotic sensitivity	557:588	increased antibiotic sensitivity	557:588	Defects in LPS transport compromise LPS assembly at the OM and result in increased antibiotic sensitivity.
29109183	2	85	theme	Lpt	456:458	arg1	machinery					473:481	the Lpt multiprotein machinery	452:481	the Lpt multiprotein machinery	452:481	LPS is transported from the inner membrane (IM) to the OM by the Lpt multiprotein machinery.
29109183	0	86	theme	Suppressor	13:22	arg1	Analysis					24:31	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis	0:31	Analysis	24:31	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	14	87	theme	defective	2469:2477	arg1	mutant					2452:2457	a mutant	2450:2457	a mutant partially defective in lptA that exhibited increased sensitivity to antibiotics and selected for suppressors of the mutant	2450:2580	We generated a mutant partially defective in lptA that exhibited increased sensitivity to antibiotics and selected for suppressors of the mutant.
29109183	10	88	theme	outer	1997:2001	arg1	OM					2013:2014	OM	2013:2014	OM	2013:2014	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	10	88	theme	outer	1997:2001	arg1	membrane					2003:2010	the outer membrane	1993:2010	the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria	1993:2046	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	1	89	theme	molecules	344:352	arg1	entry					329:333	the entry	325:333	the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics	325:388	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	0	90	theme	Severe	123:128	arg1	Defects					158:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects	123:164	Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli	123:184	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	15	91	theme	different	2636:2644	arg1	strategies					2646:2655	different strategies	2636:2655	different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome defects in LPS biogenesis	2636:2713	The analysis of two independent suppressors revealed different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome defects in LPS biogenesis.
29109183	5	92	theme	lptA41	751:756	arg1	construction					735:746	the construction	731:746	the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding	731:850	We report here the construction of lptA41, a quadruple mutant in four conserved amino acids potentially involved in LPS or LptC binding.
29109183	11	93	theme	inner	2114:2118	arg1	IM					2130:2131	IM	2130:2131	IM	2130:2131	LPS is synthesized at the inner membrane (IM), transported across the periplasm, and assembled at the OM by the multiprotein Lpt complex.
29109183	11	93	theme	inner	2114:2118	arg1	membrane					2120:2127	the inner membrane	2110:2127	the inner membrane (IM)	2110:2132	LPS is synthesized at the inner membrane (IM), transported across the periplasm, and assembled at the OM by the multiprotein Lpt complex.
29109183	8	94	theme	bacitracin	1290:1299	arg1	sensitivity					1301:1311	only bacitracin sensitivity	1285:1311	only bacitracin sensitivity	1285:1311	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	7	95	theme	complex	1078:1084	arg1	assembly					1086:1093	Lpt complex assembly	1074:1093	Lpt complex assembly	1074:1093	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	1	96	theme	membrane	299:306	arg1	barrier					278:284	the robust permeability barrier	254:284	the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM)	254:311	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
29109183	6	97	theme	detergent	982:990	arg1	SDS					992:994	the detergent SDS	978:994	the detergent SDS	978:994	Although viable, the mutant displays increased sensitivity to several antibiotics (bacitracin, rifampin, and novobiocin) and the detergent SDS, suggesting that lptA41 affects LPS transport.
29109183	2	98	theme	inner	419:423	arg1	IM					435:436	IM	435:436	IM	435:436	LPS is transported from the inner membrane (IM) to the OM by the Lpt multiprotein machinery.
29109183	2	98	theme	inner	419:423	arg1	membrane					425:432	the inner membrane	415:432	the inner membrane (IM)	415:437	LPS is transported from the inner membrane (IM) to the OM by the Lpt multiprotein machinery.
29109183	8	99	theme	outer	1491:1495	arg1	leaflet					1497:1503	the outer leaflet	1487:1503	the outer leaflet	1487:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	10	100	theme	mutants	1813:1819	arg1	Characterization					1778:1793	Characterization	1778:1793	Characterization of the suppressor mutants	1778:1819	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	0	101	theme	Lipopolysaccharide	50:67	arg1	LptA					87:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA	36:90	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	13	102	theme	OM	2393:2394	arg1	biogenesis					2396:2405	OM biogenesis	2393:2405	OM biogenesis	2393:2405	How the cell coordinates the processes involved in OM biogenesis is not completely understood.
29109183	7	103	contain	carries	1112:1118	arg1	A					1110:1110	its lipid A	1100:1110	its lipid A	1100:1110	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	7	103	contain	carries	1112:1118	arg2	modifications					1120:1132	modifications	1120:1132	modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects	1120:1168	Indeed, lptA41 is defective in Lpt complex assembly, and its lipid A carries modifications diagnostic of LPS transport defects.
29109183	8	104	dep	suppressors	1242:1252	arg1	harbors					1328:1334	harbors	1328:1334	harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet	1328:1503	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	0	105	from	Defects	158:164	arg1	coli					181:184	Escherichia coli	169:184	Escherichia coli	169:184	Mutation and Suppressor Analysis of the Essential Lipopolysaccharide Transport Protein LptA Reveals Strategies To Overcome Severe Outer Membrane Permeability Defects in Escherichia coli.
29109183	10	106	theme	different	1832:1840	arg1	strategies					1842:1851	different strategies	1832:1851	different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics	1832:2085	Characterization of the suppressor mutants highlights different strategies adopted by the cell to overcome OM defects caused by impaired LPS transport.IMPORTANCE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major constituent of the outer membrane (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, forming a barrier against antibiotics.
29109183	8	107	theme	in-frame	1344:1351	arg1	deletion					1353:1360	a small in-frame deletion	1336:1360	a small in-frame deletion	1336:1360	We also selected and characterized two phenotypic bacitracin-resistant suppressors of lptA41 One mutant, in which only bacitracin sensitivity is suppressed, harbors a small in-frame deletion in mlaA, which codes for an OM lipoprotein involved in maintaining OM asymmetry by reducing accumulation of phospholipids in the outer leaflet.
29109183	14	108	theme	mutant	2575:2580	arg1	suppressors					2556:2566	suppressors	2556:2566	suppressors of the mutant	2556:2580	We generated a mutant partially defective in lptA that exhibited increased sensitivity to antibiotics and selected for suppressors of the mutant.
29109183	9	109	from	mutation	1661:1668	arg1	opgH					1673:1676	opgH	1673:1676	opgH	1673:1676	The other mutant, in which bacitracin, rifampin, and SDS sensitivity is suppressed, harbors an additional amino acid substitution in LptA41 and a nonsense mutation in opgH, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharide synthesis.
29109183	1	110	theme	robust	258:263	arg1	barrier					278:284	the robust permeability barrier	254:284	the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM)	254:311	In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contributes to the robust permeability barrier of the outer membrane (OM), preventing the entry of toxic molecules, such as detergents and antibiotics.
26159216	3	0	from	marrow	671:676	arg1	cells					649:653	The primary cultured cells	628:653	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow	628:676	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	3	0	from	marrow	671:676	arg1	hBMSC					695:699	hBMSC	695:699	hBMSC	695:699	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	5	1	theme	salt	1066:1069	arg1	method					1080:1085	the salt leaching method	1062:1085	the salt leaching method	1062:1085	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	6	2	theme	Modified	1201:1208	arg1	Dulbecco					1210:1217	Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's	1192:1219	Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Media (IMDM)	1192:1232	The hBMSCs were expanded, seeded on the scaffolds, and cultured up to 8 days under static conditions in Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Media (IMDM).
26159216	9	3	theme	factor	1468:1473	arg1	scaffold					1493:1500	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	6	4	dep	8	1158:1158	arg1	to					1155:1156	to	1155:1156	to	1155:1156	The hBMSCs were expanded, seeded on the scaffolds, and cultured up to 8 days under static conditions in Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Media (IMDM).
26159216	0	5	theme	Scaffolds	84:92	arg1	Coating					38:44	Matrigel Coating	29:44	Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation	29:118	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	5	6	theme	leaching	1071:1078	arg1	method					1080:1085	the salt leaching method	1062:1085	the salt leaching method	1062:1085	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	10	7	theme	cell	1731:1734	arg1	growth					1736:1741	effective cell growth	1721:1741	effective cell growth	1721:1741	These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.
26159216	2	8	theme	elastic	371:377	arg1	hydrogels					379:387	biodegradable elastic hydrogels	357:387	biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds	357:494	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	10	9	theme	gradable	1690:1697	arg1	scaffold					1708:1715	a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold	1682:1715	a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth	1682:1741	These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.
26159216	5	10	theme	block	987:991	arg1	compositions					993:1004	different block compositions	977:1004	different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight)	977:1038	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	4	11	theme	type	774:777	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	11	theme	type	774:777	arg1	I					779:779	collagen type I	765:779	collagen type I	765:779	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	9	12	theme	vascular	1440:1447	arg1	factor					1468:1473	vascular endothelial growth factor	1440:1473	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	9	12	theme	vascular	1440:1447	arg1	VEGF					1476:1479	VEGF	1476:1479	VEGF	1476:1479	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	0	13	theme	hBMSC	98:102	arg1	Transplantation					104:118	hBMSC Transplantation	98:118	hBMSC Transplantation	98:118	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	4	14	theme	collagen	765:772	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	14	theme	collagen	765:772	arg1	I					779:779	collagen type I	765:779	collagen type I	765:779	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	5	15	dep	PEG	1007:1009	arg1	14:6					1024:1027	14:6	1024:1027	14:6	1024:1027	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	5	15	dep	PEG	1007:1009	arg1	PCL=6:14					1011:1018	PCL=6:14	1011:1018	PCL=6:14	1011:1018	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	10	16	theme	hydrogel	1699:1706	arg1	scaffold					1708:1715	a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold	1682:1715	a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth	1682:1741	These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.
26159216	2	17	theme	ethylene	420:427	arg1	poly					415:418	hydrophilic poly	403:418	hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)	403:441	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	2	17	theme	ethylene	420:427	arg1	glycol					429:434	ethylene glycol	420:434	ethylene glycol	420:434	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	4	18	dep	markers	886:892	arg1	CD45					904:907	CD45	904:907	CD45	904:907	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	18	dep	markers	886:892	arg1	CD14					895:898	CD14	895:898	CD14	895:898	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	18	dep	markers	886:892	arg1	markers					886:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers	862:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45)	862:908	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	3	19	theme	immunohistochemical	704:722	arg1	analysis					724:731	immunohistochemical analysis	704:731	immunohistochemical analysis	704:731	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	6	20	theme	static	1171:1176	arg1	conditions					1178:1187	static conditions	1171:1187	static conditions	1171:1187	The hBMSCs were expanded, seeded on the scaffolds, and cultured up to 8 days under static conditions in Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Media (IMDM).
26159216	5	21	dep	compositions	993:1004	arg1	PEG					1007:1009	PEG	1007:1009	PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight	1007:1037	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	2	22	theme	peptides	618:625	arg1	release					597:603	the release	593:603	the release of bioactive peptides	593:625	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	4	23	theme	cell	751:754	arg1	CD54					795:798	CD54	795:798	CD54	795:798	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	23	theme	cell	751:754	arg1	protein					820:826	Hu protein	817:826	Hu protein	817:826	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	23	theme	cell	751:754	arg1	I					779:779	collagen type I	765:779	collagen type I	765:779	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	23	theme	cell	751:754	arg1	integrin1β					801:810	integrin1β	801:810	integrin1β	801:810	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	23	theme	cell	751:754	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	23	theme	cell	751:754	arg1	fibronectin					782:792	fibronectin	782:792	fibronectin	782:792	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	2	24	theme	hydrophobic	447:457	arg1	ε-caprolactone					464:477	ε-caprolactone	464:477	ε-caprolactone	464:477	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	2	24	theme	hydrophobic	447:457	arg1	PCL					481:483	PCL	481:483	PCL	481:483	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	2	24	theme	hydrophobic	447:457	arg1	poly					459:462	hydrophobic poly	447:462	hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)	447:484	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	2	25	theme	bioactive	608:616	arg1	peptides					618:625	bioactive peptides	608:625	bioactive peptides	608:625	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	4	26	theme	stem	746:749	arg1	CD54					795:798	CD54	795:798	CD54	795:798	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	26	theme	stem	746:749	arg1	protein					820:826	Hu protein	817:826	Hu protein	817:826	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	26	theme	stem	746:749	arg1	I					779:779	collagen type I	765:779	collagen type I	765:779	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	26	theme	stem	746:749	arg1	integrin1β					801:810	integrin1β	801:810	integrin1β	801:810	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	26	theme	stem	746:749	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	26	theme	stem	746:749	arg1	fibronectin					782:792	fibronectin	782:792	fibronectin	782:792	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	1	27	theme	degenerative	199:210	arg1	diseases					212:219	degenerative diseases	199:219	degenerative diseases	199:219	hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells.
26159216	9	28	with	coating	1425:1431	arg1	Matrigel					1507:1514	Matrigel	1507:1514	Matrigel	1507:1514	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	9	29	theme	containing	1482:1491	arg1	scaffold					1493:1500	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	0	30	theme	Angiogenesis	13:24	arg1	Induction					0:8	Induction	0:8	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.	0:119	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	1	31	theme	tissue	170:175	arg1	regeneration					177:188	tissue regeneration	170:188	tissue regeneration	170:188	hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells.
26159216	4	32	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	CD54					795:798	CD54	795:798	CD54	795:798	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	32	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	protein					820:826	Hu protein	817:826	Hu protein	817:826	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	32	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	I					779:779	collagen type I	765:779	collagen type I	765:779	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	32	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	integrin1β					801:810	integrin1β	801:810	integrin1β	801:810	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	32	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	32	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	fibronectin					782:792	fibronectin	782:792	fibronectin	782:792	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	9	33	theme	VEGF	1543:1546	arg1	release					1532:1538	the release	1528:1538	the release of VEGF	1528:1546	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	9	34	theme	endothelial	1449:1459	arg1	factor					1468:1473	vascular endothelial growth factor	1440:1473	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	9	34	theme	endothelial	1449:1459	arg1	VEGF					1476:1479	VEGF	1476:1479	VEGF	1476:1479	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	2	35	theme	hydrophilic	403:413	arg1	poly					415:418	hydrophilic poly	403:418	hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)	403:441	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	2	35	theme	hydrophilic	403:413	arg1	glycol					429:434	ethylene glycol	420:434	ethylene glycol	420:434	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	2	35	theme	hydrophilic	403:413	arg1	PEG					438:440	PEG	438:440	PEG	438:440	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	0	36	theme	Matrigel	29:36	arg1	Coating					38:44	Matrigel Coating	29:44	Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation	29:118	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	1	37	theme	neuronal	326:333	arg1	cells					335:339	neuronal cells	326:339	neuronal cells	326:339	hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells.
26159216	9	38	theme	BALB/c	1610:1615	arg1	mice					1622:1625	BALB/c nude mice	1610:1625	BALB/c nude mice	1610:1625	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	3	39	theme	primary	632:638	arg1	cells					649:653	The primary cultured cells	628:653	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow	628:676	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	3	39	theme	primary	632:638	arg1	hBMSC					695:699	hBMSC	695:699	hBMSC	695:699	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	5	40	theme	different	977:985	arg1	compositions					993:1004	different block compositions	977:1004	different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight)	977:1038	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	0	41	theme	VEGF-Loaded	49:59	arg1	Scaffolds					84:92	VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds	49:92	VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation	49:118	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	4	42	theme	hematopoietic	862:874	arg1	CD45					904:907	CD45	904:907	CD45	904:907	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	42	theme	hematopoietic	862:874	arg1	CD14					895:898	CD14	895:898	CD14	895:898	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	42	theme	hematopoietic	862:874	arg1	markers					886:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers	862:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45)	862:908	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	3	43	theme	cultured	640:647	arg1	cells					649:653	The primary cultured cells	628:653	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow	628:676	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	3	43	theme	cultured	640:647	arg1	hBMSC					695:699	hBMSC	695:699	hBMSC	695:699	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	4	44	theme	Hu	817:818	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	44	theme	Hu	817:818	arg1	protein					820:826	Hu protein	817:826	Hu protein	817:826	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	10	45	theme	Matrigel	1776:1783	arg1	coating					1785:1791	Matrigel coating	1776:1791	Matrigel coating	1776:1791	These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.
26159216	2	46	theme	biodegradable	357:369	arg1	hydrogels					379:387	biodegradable elastic hydrogels	357:387	biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds	357:494	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	10	47	theme	biode	1684:1688	arg1	scaffold					1708:1715	a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold	1682:1715	a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth	1682:1741	These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.
26159216	1	48	theme	multipotent	132:142	arg1	cells					144:148	multipotent cells	132:148	multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells	132:339	hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells.
26159216	1	48	theme	multipotent	132:142	arg1	hBMSCs					121:126	hBMSCs	121:126	hBMSCs	121:126	hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells.
26159216	5	49	with	scaffolds	962:970	arg1	compositions					993:1004	different block compositions	977:1004	different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight)	977:1038	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	4	50	theme	cell	881:884	arg1	CD45					904:907	CD45	904:907	CD45	904:907	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	50	theme	cell	881:884	arg1	CD14					895:898	CD14	895:898	CD14	895:898	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	50	theme	cell	881:884	arg1	markers					886:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers	862:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45)	862:908	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	7	51	theme	MSCs	1249:1252	arg1	growth					1239:1244	The growth	1235:1244	The growth of MSCs cultured on the hydrogel with PEG/PCL= 6/14	1235:1296	The growth of MSCs cultured on the hydrogel with PEG/PCL= 6/14 was faster than that of the others.
26159216	7	51	theme	MSCs	1249:1252	arg1	faster					1302:1307	faster	1302:1307	faster	1302:1307	The growth of MSCs cultured on the hydrogel with PEG/PCL= 6/14 was faster than that of the others.
26159216	2	52	dep	poly	415:418	arg1	scaffolds					486:494	scaffolds	486:494	scaffolds	486:494	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26159216	9	53	theme	growth	1461:1466	arg1	factor					1468:1473	vascular endothelial growth factor	1440:1473	the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold	1436:1500	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	9	53	theme	growth	1461:1466	arg1	VEGF					1476:1479	VEGF	1476:1479	VEGF	1476:1479	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	4	54	theme	Mesenchymal	734:744	arg1	CD54					795:798	CD54	795:798	CD54	795:798	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	54	theme	Mesenchymal	734:744	arg1	protein					820:826	Hu protein	817:826	Hu protein	817:826	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	54	theme	Mesenchymal	734:744	arg1	I					779:779	collagen type I	765:779	collagen type I	765:779	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	54	theme	Mesenchymal	734:744	arg1	integrin1β					801:810	integrin1β	801:810	integrin1β	801:810	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	54	theme	Mesenchymal	734:744	arg1	markers					756:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers	734:762	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein)	734:827	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	54	theme	Mesenchymal	734:744	arg1	fibronectin					782:792	fibronectin	782:792	fibronectin	782:792	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	9	55	theme	nude	1617:1620	arg1	mice					1622:1625	BALB/c nude mice	1610:1625	BALB/c nude mice	1610:1625	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	4	56	theme	stem	876:879	arg1	CD45					904:907	CD45	904:907	CD45	904:907	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	56	theme	stem	876:879	arg1	CD14					895:898	CD14	895:898	CD14	895:898	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	4	56	theme	stem	876:879	arg1	markers					886:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers	862:892	hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45)	862:908	Mesenchymal stem cell markers (collagen type I, fibronectin, CD54, integrin1β, and Hu protein) were shown to be positive, while hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD14 and CD45) were shown to be negative.
26159216	3	57	theme	human	660:664	arg1	marrow					671:676	human bone marrow	660:676	human bone marrow	660:676	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	5	58	theme	different	943:951	arg1	scaffolds					962:970	Three different hydrogel scaffolds	937:970	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight)	937:1038	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	8	59	theme	MSCs	1365:1368	arg1	morphology					1351:1360	the morphology	1347:1360	the morphology of MSCs	1347:1368	In addition, the morphology of MSCs seemed to be normal and no cytotoxicity was found.
26159216	8	59	theme	MSCs	1365:1368	arg1	normal					1383:1388	normal	1383:1388	normal	1383:1388	In addition, the morphology of MSCs seemed to be normal and no cytotoxicity was found.
26159216	1	60	theme	differentiation	242:256	arg1	ability					258:264	their differentiation ability	236:264	their differentiation ability	236:264	hBMSCs are multipotent cells that are useful for tissue regeneration to treat degenerative diseases and others for their differentiation ability into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, hepatocytes and neuronal cells.
26159216	0	61	theme	Hydrogel	75:82	arg1	Scaffolds					84:92	VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds	49:92	VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation	49:118	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	3	62	theme	bone	666:669	arg1	marrow					671:676	human bone marrow	660:676	human bone marrow	660:676	The primary cultured cells from human bone marrow are confirmed as hBMSC by immunohistochemical analysis.
26159216	5	63	theme	hydrogel	953:960	arg1	scaffolds					962:970	Three different hydrogel scaffolds	937:970	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight)	937:1038	Three different hydrogel scaffolds with different block compositions (PEG:PCL=6:14 and 14:6 by weight) were fabricated using the salt leaching method.
26159216	10	64	theme	effective	1721:1729	arg1	growth					1736:1741	effective cell growth	1721:1741	effective cell growth	1721:1741	These results suggest that hBMSCs can be supported by a biode gradable hydrogel scaffold for effective cell growth, and enhance the angiogenesis by Matrigel coating.
26159216	0	65	theme	PEG/PCL-Based	61:73	arg1	Scaffolds					84:92	VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds	49:92	VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation	49:118	Induction of Angiogenesis by Matrigel Coating of VEGF-Loaded PEG/PCL-Based Hydrogel Scaffolds for hBMSC Transplantation.
26159216	9	66	theme	scaffold	1493:1500	arg1	coating					1425:1431	The coating	1421:1431	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel	1421:1514	The coating of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) containing scaffold with Matrigel slowed down the release of VEGF in vitro and promoted the angiogenesis when transplanted into BALB/c nude mice.
26159216	2	67	theme	tissue	515:520	arg1	engineering					522:532	tissue engineering	515:532	tissue engineering	515:532	In this study, biodegradable elastic hydrogels consisting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds were evaluated for tissue engineering because of its biocompatibility and the ability to control the release of bioactive peptides.
26800205	0	0	theme	nitromethane	128:139	arg1	determination					141:153	nitromethane determination	128:153	nitromethane determination	128:153	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor based on electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination.
26800205	8	1	theme	real	1430:1433	arg1	samples					1435:1441	complex real samples	1422:1441	complex real samples	1422:1441	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	1	2	theme	chemical	202:209	arg1	material					215:222	an important organic chemical raw material	181:222	an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	181:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	2	theme	chemical	202:209	arg1	Nitromethane					156:167	Nitromethane	156:167	Nitromethane (CH3NO2)	156:176	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	6	3	theme	faster	1002:1007	arg1	rate					1027:1030	faster electron-transfer rate	1002:1030	faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1))	1002:1042	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	6	3	theme	faster	1002:1007	arg1	6.48s					1033:1037	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	7	4	theme	wide	1202:1205	arg1	range					1214:1218	a wide linear range	1200:1218	a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1200:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	5	5	from	effects	779:785	arg1	biosensor					834:842	the biosensor	830:842	the biosensor	830:842	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	1	6	theme	raw	211:213	arg1	material					215:222	an important organic chemical raw material	181:222	an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	181:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	6	theme	raw	211:213	arg1	Nitromethane					156:167	Nitromethane	156:167	Nitromethane (CH3NO2)	156:176	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	6	7	theme	direct	973:978	arg1	electrochemistry					980:995	direct electrochemistry	973:995	direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1))	973:1042	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	1	8	theme	most	282:285	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	7	9	theme	μM	1279:1280	arg1	limit					1266:1270	a low detection limit	1250:1270	a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1250:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	9	theme	μM	1279:1280	arg1	R=0.999					1237:1243	R=0.999	1237:1243	R=0.999	1237:1243	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	9	theme	μM	1279:1280	arg1	S/N=3					1283:1287	S/N=3	1283:1287	S/N=3	1283:1287	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	9	theme	μM	1279:1280	arg1	mM					1233:1234	5 μM~1.46 mM	1223:1234	5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999)	1223:1244	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	10	theme	optimal	1099:1105	arg1	conditions					1107:1116	optimal conditions	1099:1116	optimal conditions	1099:1116	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	4	11	used	used	721:724	arg2	microscopy					654:663	Scanning electron microscopy	636:663	Scanning electron microscopy	636:663	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	4	11	used	used	721:724	arg2	methods					708:714	electrochemical methods	692:714	electrochemical methods	692:714	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	4	11	used	used	721:724	arg2	spectroscopy					675:686	infrared spectroscopy	666:686	infrared spectroscopy	666:686	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	1	12	theme	common	287:292	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	4	13	theme	composite	759:767	arg1	film					769:772	the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film	742:772	the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film	742:772	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	3	14	theme	oxide	537:541	arg1	immobilization					484:497	immobilization	484:497	immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	484:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	1	15	theme	pollutants	294:303	arg1	one					271:273	one	271:273	one	271:273	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	15	theme	pollutants	294:303	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	8	16	from	CH3NO2	1412:1417	arg1	samples					1435:1441	complex real samples	1422:1441	complex real samples	1422:1441	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	3	17	theme	electrochemically-reduced	502:526	arg1	rGO					544:546	rGO	544:546	rGO	544:546	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	3	17	theme	electrochemically-reduced	502:526	arg1	oxide					537:541	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide	502:541	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO)	502:547	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	7	18	theme	limit	1266:1270	arg1	range					1214:1218	a wide linear range	1200:1218	a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1200:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	4	19	theme	Scanning	636:643	arg1	microscopy					654:663	Scanning electron microscopy	636:663	Scanning electron microscopy	636:663	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	5	20	theme	rate	795:798	arg1	effects					779:785	The effects	775:785	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor	775:842	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	5	21	dep	rate	795:798	arg1	scan					790:793	scan	790:793	scan	790:793	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	3	22	from	immobilization	484:497	arg1	GCE					614:616	GCE	614:616	GCE	614:616	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	3	22	from	immobilization	484:497	arg1	electrode					603:611	a glassy carbon electrode	587:611	a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	587:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	3	23	theme	chitosan	550:557	arg1	immobilization					484:497	immobilization	484:497	immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	484:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	6	24	theme	catalytic	1058:1066	arg1	activity					1068:1075	excellent catalytic activity	1048:1075	excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2	1048:1090	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	0	25	theme	sensitive	7:15	arg1	biosensor					30:38	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor	0:38	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor	0:38	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor based on electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination.
26800205	3	26	theme	hemoglobin	568:577	arg1	immobilization					484:497	immobilization	484:497	immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	484:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	6	27	theme	excellent	1048:1056	arg1	activity					1068:1075	excellent catalytic activity	1048:1075	excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2	1048:1090	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	5	28	theme	pH	804:805	arg1	effects					779:785	The effects	775:785	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor	775:842	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	1	29	theme	wide	231:234	arg1	one					271:273	one	271:273	one	271:273	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	29	theme	wide	231:234	arg1	applications					247:258	applications	247:258	applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	247:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	29	theme	wide	231:234	arg1	variety					236:242	a wide variety	229:242	a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	229:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	29	theme	wide	231:234	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	7	30	theme	amperometric	1157:1168	arg1	response					1170:1177	fast amperometric response	1152:1177	fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1152:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	30	theme	amperometric	1157:1168	arg1	<5s					1180:1182	<5s	1180:1182	<5s	1180:1182	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	4	31	theme	Hb-CS/rGO-CS	746:757	arg1	film					769:772	the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film	742:772	the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film	742:772	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	5	32	theme	buffer	820:825	arg1	pH					804:805	pH	804:805	pH	804:805	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	5	32	theme	buffer	820:825	arg1	rate					795:798	rate	795:798	rate	795:798	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	0	33	theme	amperometric	17:28	arg1	biosensor					30:38	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor	0:38	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor	0:38	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor based on electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination.
26800205	6	34	theme	developed	939:947	arg1	biosensor					949:957	the developed biosensor	935:957	the developed biosensor	935:957	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	2	35	theme	detection	375:383	arg1	method					385:390	a simple and sensitive detection method	352:390	a simple and sensitive detection method for CH3NO2	352:401	Therefore it is pretty important to establish a simple and sensitive detection method for CH3NO2.
26800205	4	36	theme	infrared	666:673	arg1	spectroscopy					675:686	infrared spectroscopy	666:686	infrared spectroscopy	666:686	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	3	37	theme	novel	420:424	arg1	biosensor					439:447	a novel amperometric biosensor	418:447	a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	418:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	4	38	theme	electrochemical	692:706	arg1	methods					708:714	electrochemical methods	692:714	electrochemical methods	692:714	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	8	39	theme	high	1322:1325	arg1	selectivity					1327:1337	high selectivity	1322:1337	high selectivity	1322:1337	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	4	40	theme	electron	645:652	arg1	microscopy					654:663	Scanning electron microscopy	636:663	Scanning electron microscopy	636:663	Scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the Hb-CS/rGO-CS composite film.
26800205	1	41	theme	applications	247:258	arg1	one					271:273	one	271:273	one	271:273	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	41	theme	applications	247:258	arg1	applications					247:258	applications	247:258	applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	247:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	41	theme	applications	247:258	arg1	variety					236:242	a wide variety	229:242	a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	229:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	41	theme	applications	247:258	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	3	42	theme	amperometric	426:437	arg1	biosensor					439:447	a novel amperometric biosensor	418:447	a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	418:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	6	43	dep	graphene	898:905	arg1	nanocomposite					920:932	nanocomposite	920:932	nanocomposite	920:932	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	6	43	dep	graphene	898:905	arg1	the					894:896	the	894:896	the	894:896	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	7	44	theme	fast	1152:1155	arg1	response					1170:1177	fast amperometric response	1152:1177	fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1152:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	44	theme	fast	1152:1155	arg1	<5s					1180:1182	<5s	1180:1182	<5s	1180:1182	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	6	45	with	activity	1068:1075	arg1	rate					1027:1030	faster electron-transfer rate	1002:1030	faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1))	1002:1042	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	6	45	with	activity	1068:1075	arg1	6.48s					1033:1037	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	7	46	theme	low	1252:1254	arg1	S/N=3					1283:1287	S/N=3	1283:1287	S/N=3	1283:1287	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	46	theme	low	1252:1254	arg1	limit					1266:1270	a low detection limit	1250:1270	a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1250:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	0	47	theme	graphene	75:82	arg1	nanocomposite					110:122	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite	49:122	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination	49:153	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor based on electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination.
26800205	7	48	with	CH3NO2	1188:1193	arg1	range					1214:1218	a wide linear range	1200:1218	a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1200:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	2	49	theme	sensitive	365:373	arg1	method					385:390	a simple and sensitive detection method	352:390	a simple and sensitive detection method for CH3NO2	352:401	Therefore it is pretty important to establish a simple and sensitive detection method for CH3NO2.
26800205	0	50	theme	electrochemically-reduced	49:73	arg1	nanocomposite					110:122	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite	49:122	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination	49:153	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor based on electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination.
26800205	3	51	theme	graphene	528:535	arg1	rGO					544:546	rGO	544:546	rGO	544:546	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	3	51	theme	graphene	528:535	arg1	oxide					537:541	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide	502:541	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO)	502:547	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	7	52	theme	proposed	1123:1130	arg1	biosensor					1132:1140	the proposed biosensor	1119:1140	the proposed biosensor	1119:1140	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	1	53	with	material	215:222	arg1	one					271:273	one	271:273	one	271:273	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	53	with	material	215:222	arg1	applications					247:258	applications	247:258	applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	247:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	53	with	material	215:222	arg1	variety					236:242	a wide variety	229:242	a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	229:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	53	with	material	215:222	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	6	54	with	electrochemistry	980:995	arg1	rate					1027:1030	faster electron-transfer rate	1002:1030	faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1))	1002:1042	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	6	54	with	electrochemistry	980:995	arg1	6.48s					1033:1037	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	2	55	theme	simple	354:359	arg1	method					385:390	a simple and sensitive detection method	352:390	a simple and sensitive detection method for CH3NO2	352:401	Therefore it is pretty important to establish a simple and sensitive detection method for CH3NO2.
26800205	8	56	theme	complex	1422:1428	arg1	samples					1435:1441	complex real samples	1422:1441	complex real samples	1422:1441	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	5	57	theme	phosphate	810:818	arg1	buffer					820:825	phosphate buffer	810:825	phosphate buffer	810:825	The effects of scan rate and pH of phosphate buffer on the biosensor have been studied in detail and optimized.
26800205	7	58	theme	mM	1233:1234	arg1	range					1214:1218	a wide linear range	1200:1218	a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1200:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	8	59	contain	had	1318:1320	arg2	stability					1360:1368	stability	1360:1368	stability	1360:1368	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	8	59	contain	had	1318:1320	arg2	selectivity					1327:1337	high selectivity	1322:1337	high selectivity	1322:1337	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	8	59	contain	had	1318:1320	arg2	reproducibility					1340:1354	reproducibility	1340:1354	reproducibility	1340:1354	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	8	59	contain	had	1318:1320	arg1	biosensor					1308:1316	the biosensor	1304:1316	the biosensor	1304:1316	In addition, the biosensor had high selectivity, reproducibility and stability, providing the possibility for monitoring CH3NO2 in complex real samples.
26800205	7	60	theme	linear	1207:1212	arg1	range					1214:1218	a wide linear range	1200:1218	a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1200:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	3	61	theme	glassy	589:594	arg1	GCE					614:616	GCE	614:616	GCE	614:616	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	3	61	theme	glassy	589:594	arg1	electrode					603:611	a glassy carbon electrode	587:611	a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	587:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	7	62	theme	detection	1256:1264	arg1	S/N=3					1283:1287	S/N=3	1283:1287	S/N=3	1283:1287	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	7	62	theme	detection	1256:1264	arg1	limit					1266:1270	a low detection limit	1250:1270	a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3)	1250:1288	Under optimal conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited fast amperometric response (<5s) to CH3NO2 with a wide linear range of 5 μM~1.46 mM (R=0.999) and a low detection limit of 1.5 μM (S/N=3).
26800205	1	63	theme	important	184:192	arg1	material					215:222	an important organic chemical raw material	181:222	an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	181:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	63	theme	important	184:192	arg1	Nitromethane					156:167	Nitromethane	156:167	Nitromethane (CH3NO2)	156:176	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	64	theme	one	271:273	arg1	one					271:273	one	271:273	one	271:273	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	64	theme	one	271:273	arg1	applications					247:258	applications	247:258	applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	247:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	64	theme	one	271:273	arg1	variety					236:242	a wide variety	229:242	a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	229:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	64	theme	one	271:273	arg1	pollutants					294:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	the most common pollutants	278:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	0	65	theme	oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin	84:108	arg1	nanocomposite					110:122	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite	49:122	electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination	49:153	Highly sensitive amperometric biosensor based on electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan/hemoglobin nanocomposite for nitromethane determination.
26800205	3	66	theme	carbon	596:601	arg1	GCE					614:616	GCE	614:616	GCE	614:616	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	3	66	theme	carbon	596:601	arg1	electrode					603:611	a glassy carbon electrode	587:611	a glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	587:617	In our study, a novel amperometric biosensor for nitromethane (CH3NO2) based on immobilization of electrochemically-reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan (CS) and hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed.
26800205	1	67	theme	organic	194:200	arg1	material					215:222	an important organic chemical raw material	181:222	an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants	181:303	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	1	67	theme	organic	194:200	arg1	Nitromethane					156:167	Nitromethane	156:167	Nitromethane (CH3NO2)	156:176	Nitromethane (CH3NO2) is an important organic chemical raw material with a wide variety of applications as well as one of the most common pollutants.
26800205	6	68	theme	electron-transfer	1009:1025	arg1	rate					1027:1030	faster electron-transfer rate	1002:1030	faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1))	1002:1042	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
26800205	6	68	theme	electron-transfer	1009:1025	arg1	6.48s					1033:1037	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	6.48s(-1)	1033:1041	Due to the graphene and chitosan nanocomposite, the developed biosensor demonstrating direct electrochemistry with faster electron-transfer rate (6.48s(-1)) and excellent catalytic activity towards CH3NO2.
28661571	4	0	theme	poly	482:485	arg1	copolymers					503:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	7	1	theme	inverse	970:976	arg1	miniemulsion					978:989	inverse miniemulsion	970:989	inverse miniemulsion	970:989	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	1	2	theme	nonionic	143:150	arg1	surfactants					152:162	nonionic surfactants	143:162	nonionic surfactants	143:162	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	4	3	theme	glycidyl	558:565	arg1	ether					567:571	allyl glycidyl ether	552:571	allyl glycidyl ether	552:571	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	5	4	theme	multifunctional	723:737	arg1	PG-b-PAGE					749:757	PG-b-PAGE	749:757	PG-b-PAGE	749:757	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	4	theme	multifunctional	723:737	arg1	surfmers					739:746	multifunctional surfmers	723:746	multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE)	723:758	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	7	5	theme	thiol-ene	1137:1145	arg1	addition					1147:1154	thiol-ene addition	1137:1154	thiol-ene addition	1137:1154	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	8	6	with	PG-b-PtBuGE	1161:1171	arg1	ratio					1197:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	4	7	theme	allyl	552:556	arg1	ether					567:571	allyl glycidyl ether	552:571	allyl glycidyl ether	552:571	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	3	8	theme	glycidyl	317:324	arg1	ethers					326:331	glycidyl ethers	317:331	glycidyl ethers	317:331	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	4	9	theme	glycerol	487:494	arg1	copolymers					503:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	10	10	theme	conventional	1444:1455	arg1	surfactants					1457:1467	conventional surfactants	1444:1467	conventional surfactants with additional functionality	1444:1497	It is believed that these surfactants are promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality.
28661571	3	11	theme	ethers	326:331	arg1	polymerization					299:312	The anionic polymerization	287:312	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers	287:331	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	6	12	theme	free-radical	864:875	arg1	polymerization					890:903	free-radical miniemulsion polymerization	864:903	free-radical miniemulsion polymerization	864:903	Polystyrene nanoparticles are obtained by free-radical miniemulsion polymerization, in which the allyl-functionalized copolymers act as surfmer.
28661571	8	13	theme	length	1190:1195	arg1	ratio					1197:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	1	14	theme	Poly	75:78	arg1	surfactants					103:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	1	14	theme	Poly	75:78	arg1	example					131:137	a prominent example	119:137	a prominent example for nonionic surfactants	119:162	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	8	15	theme	inverse	1242:1248	arg1	miniemulsions					1250:1262	direct and inverse miniemulsions	1231:1262	direct and inverse miniemulsions	1231:1262	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	8	16	theme	block	1184:1188	arg1	ratio					1197:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	4	17	theme	Orthogonal-protected	461:480	arg1	copolymers					503:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	0	18	theme	Direct	42:47	arg1	Miniemulsion					61:72	Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion	42:72	Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion	42:72	Polyglycerol Surfmers and Surfactants for Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion.
28661571	3	19	theme	ambident	400:407	arg1	surfactants					409:419	ambident surfactants	400:419	ambident surfactants	400:419	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	7	20	theme	aqueous	1085:1091	arg1	solution					1105:1112	aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution	1085:1112	aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution	1085:1112	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	10	21	theme	promising	1418:1426	arg1	surfactants					1402:1412	these surfactants	1396:1412	these surfactants	1396:1412	It is believed that these surfactants are promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality.
28661571	10	21	theme	promising	1418:1426	arg1	alternatives					1428:1439	promising alternatives	1418:1439	promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality	1418:1497	It is believed that these surfactants are promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality.
28661571	1	22	theme	ethylene	80:87	arg1	Poly					75:78	Poly	75:78	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	1	22	theme	ethylene	80:87	arg1	glycol					89:94	ethylene glycol	80:94	ethylene glycol	80:94	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	10	23	with	surfactants	1457:1467	arg1	functionality					1485:1497	additional functionality	1474:1497	additional functionality	1474:1497	It is believed that these surfactants are promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality.
28661571	3	24	theme	inverse	378:384	arg1	emulsions					386:394	direct or inverse emulsions	368:394	direct or inverse emulsions	368:394	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	4	25	theme	glycidyl	533:540	arg1	ether					542:546	ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether	521:546	ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether	521:546	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	4	25	theme	glycidyl	533:540	arg1	AGE					574:576	AGE	574:576	AGE	574:576	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	7	26	theme	PG-b-PtBuGE	1093:1103	arg1	solution					1105:1112	aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution	1085:1112	aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution	1085:1112	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	4	27	theme	ethoxyethyl	521:531	arg1	ether					542:546	ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether	521:546	ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether	521:546	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	4	27	theme	ethoxyethyl	521:531	arg1	AGE					574:576	AGE	574:576	AGE	574:576	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	3	28	used	used	336:339	arg2	polymerization					299:312	The anionic polymerization	287:312	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers	287:331	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	10	29	theme	additional	1474:1483	arg1	functionality					1485:1497	additional functionality	1474:1497	additional functionality	1474:1497	It is believed that these surfactants are promising alternatives to conventional surfactants with additional functionality.
28661571	5	30	theme	direct	773:778	arg1	polymerizations					805:819	direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations	773:819	direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations	773:819	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	31	theme	acetal	656:661	arg1	groups					663:668	the acetal groups	652:668	the acetal groups	652:668	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	1	32	theme	-based	96:101	arg1	surfactants					103:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	1	32	theme	-based	96:101	arg1	example					131:137	a prominent example	119:137	a prominent example for nonionic surfactants	119:162	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	4	33	theme	glycidyl	593:600	arg1	tBuGE					609:613	tBuGE	609:613	tBuGE	609:613	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	4	33	theme	glycidyl	593:600	arg1	ether					602:606	tert-butyl glycidyl ether	582:606	tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE)	582:614	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	3	34	theme	direct	368:373	arg1	emulsions					386:394	direct or inverse emulsions	368:394	direct or inverse emulsions	368:394	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	5	35	theme	groups	663:668	arg1	cleavage					640:647	cleavage	640:647	cleavage of the acetal groups	640:668	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	6	36	theme	Polystyrene	822:832	arg1	nanoparticles					834:846	Polystyrene nanoparticles	822:846	Polystyrene nanoparticles	822:846	Polystyrene nanoparticles are obtained by free-radical miniemulsion polymerization, in which the allyl-functionalized copolymers act as surfmer.
28661571	8	37	used	used	1206:1209	arg2	surfactant					1216:1225	a surfactant	1214:1225	a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions	1214:1262	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	8	37	used	used	1206:1209	arg2	PG-b-PtBuGE					1161:1171	The PG-b-PtBuGE	1157:1171	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio	1157:1201	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	5	38	theme	inverse	784:790	arg1	polymerizations					805:819	direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations	773:819	direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations	773:819	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	39	theme	miniemulsion	792:803	arg1	polymerizations					805:819	direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations	773:819	direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations	773:819	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	0	40	theme	Inverse	53:59	arg1	Miniemulsion					61:72	Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion	42:72	Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion	42:72	Polyglycerol Surfmers and Surfactants for Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion.
28661571	4	41	theme	block	497:501	arg1	copolymers					503:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers	461:512	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	9	42	theme	protein	1341:1347	arg1	adsorption					1349:1358	protein adsorption	1341:1358	protein adsorption	1341:1358	With the PG being covalently bound to the nanocarriers, a desorption during protein adsorption does not occur.
28661571	6	43	theme	miniemulsion	877:888	arg1	polymerization					890:903	free-radical miniemulsion polymerization	864:903	free-radical miniemulsion polymerization	864:903	Polystyrene nanoparticles are obtained by free-radical miniemulsion polymerization, in which the allyl-functionalized copolymers act as surfmer.
28661571	5	44	used	used	765:768	arg2	surfmers					739:746	multifunctional surfmers	723:746	multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE)	723:758	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	44	used	used	765:768	arg2	PG-b-PAGE					749:757	PG-b-PAGE	749:757	PG-b-PAGE	749:757	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	44	used	used	765:768	arg2	PG-b-PtBuGE					707:717	PG-b-PtBuGE	707:717	PG-b-PtBuGE	707:717	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	44	used	used	765:768	arg2	surfactants					694:704	these all-polyglycerol surfactants	671:704	these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE)	671:718	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	7	45	theme	hydroxyethyl	992:1003	arg1	starch					1005:1010	hydroxyethyl starch	992:1010	hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers	992:1023	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	7	46	theme	starch	1005:1010	arg1	nanocarriers					1012:1023	hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers	992:1023	hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers	992:1023	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	7	46	theme	starch	1005:1010	arg1	surfmer					1059:1065	surfmer	1059:1065	surfmer	1059:1065	In inverse miniemulsion, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers are synthesized with PG-b-PAGE as surfmer, transferred into aqueous PG-b-PtBuGE solution, and functionalized by thiol-ene addition.
28661571	3	47	theme	copolymer	438:446	arg1	composition					448:458	the copolymer composition	434:458	the copolymer composition	434:458	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	2	48	used	used	254:257	arg2	it					240:241	it	240:241	it	240:241	Poly(glycerol) (PG) is discussed as a polyfunctional alternative, however, it is not yet used to stabilize miniemulsions.
28661571	8	49	theme	equal	1178:1182	arg1	ratio					1197:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	equal block length ratio	1178:1201	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	1	50	theme	prominent	121:129	arg1	surfactants					103:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants	75:113	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	1	50	theme	prominent	121:129	arg1	example					131:137	a prominent example	119:137	a prominent example for nonionic surfactants	119:162	Poly(ethylene glycol)-based surfactants are a prominent example for nonionic surfactants.
28661571	8	51	theme	direct	1231:1236	arg1	miniemulsions					1250:1262	direct and inverse miniemulsions	1231:1262	direct and inverse miniemulsions	1231:1262	The PG-b-PtBuGE with equal block length ratio is used as a surfactant for direct and inverse miniemulsions.
28661571	0	52	dep	Surfmers	13:20	arg1	Miniemulsion					61:72	Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion	42:72	Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion	42:72	Polyglycerol Surfmers and Surfactants for Direct and Inverse Miniemulsion.
28661571	4	53	theme	tert-butyl	582:591	arg1	tBuGE					609:613	tBuGE	609:613	tBuGE	609:613	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	4	53	theme	tert-butyl	582:591	arg1	ether					602:606	tert-butyl glycidyl ether	582:606	tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE)	582:614	Orthogonal-protected poly(glycerol) block copolymers, using ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) or tert-butyl glycidyl ether (tBuGE), are synthesized.
28661571	3	54	theme	anionic	291:297	arg1	polymerization					299:312	The anionic polymerization	287:312	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers	287:331	The anionic polymerization of glycidyl ethers is used to prepare surfactants for direct or inverse emulsions and ambident surfactants by adjusting the copolymer composition.
28661571	2	55	theme	polyfunctional	203:216	arg1	alternative					218:228	a polyfunctional alternative	201:228	a polyfunctional alternative	201:228	Poly(glycerol) (PG) is discussed as a polyfunctional alternative, however, it is not yet used to stabilize miniemulsions.
28661571	2	55	theme	polyfunctional	203:216	arg1	Poly					165:168	Poly	165:168	Poly(glycerol) (PG)	165:183	Poly(glycerol) (PG) is discussed as a polyfunctional alternative, however, it is not yet used to stabilize miniemulsions.
28661571	6	56	theme	allyl-functionalized	919:938	arg1	copolymers					940:949	the allyl-functionalized copolymers	915:949	the allyl-functionalized copolymers	915:949	Polystyrene nanoparticles are obtained by free-radical miniemulsion polymerization, in which the allyl-functionalized copolymers act as surfmer.
28661571	5	57	theme	all-polyglycerol	677:692	arg1	surfactants					694:704	these all-polyglycerol surfactants	671:704	these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE)	671:718	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
28661571	5	57	theme	all-polyglycerol	677:692	arg1	PG-b-PtBuGE					707:717	PG-b-PtBuGE	707:717	PG-b-PtBuGE	707:717	After cleavage of the acetal groups, these all-polyglycerol surfactants (PG-b-PtBuGE) or multifunctional surfmers (PG-b-PAGE), are used in direct and inverse miniemulsion polymerizations.
27986827	7	0	theme	animals	1293:1299	arg1	tract					1284:1288	the digestive tract	1270:1288	the digestive tract	1270:1288	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	6	1	theme	important	1128:1136	arg1	role					1138:1141	an important role	1125:1141	an important role	1125:1141	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	2	2	from	dataset	427:433	arg1	time					400:403	the first time	390:403	the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening	390:478	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	9	3	theme	potential	1600:1608	arg1	candidates					1610:1619	potential candidates	1600:1619	potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications	1600:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	7	4	theme	digestive	1274:1282	arg1	tract					1284:1288	the digestive tract	1270:1288	the digestive tract	1270:1288	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	9	5	theme	environmental	1705:1717	arg1	applications					1719:1730	other environmental applications	1699:1730	other environmental applications	1699:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	7	6	theme	GHs	1220:1222	arg1	similarity					1232:1241	greater GHs profile similarity	1212:1241	greater GHs profile similarity among soils	1212:1253	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	8	7	theme	biomass	1474:1480	arg1	degradation					1482:1492	biomass degradation	1474:1492	biomass degradation into fermentable sugars	1474:1516	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	1	8	theme	plant	242:246	arg1	microorganisms					266:279	plant biomass-degrading microorganisms	242:279	plant biomass-degrading microorganisms	242:279	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	0	9	theme	lignocellulose-degrading	76:99	arg1	enzymes					101:107	lignocellulose-degrading enzymes	76:107	lignocellulose-degrading enzymes	76:107	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.
27986827	6	10	theme	genetic	1002:1008	arg1	potential					1010:1018	high genetic potential	997:1018	high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation	997:1076	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	6	11	theme	Taxonomic	959:967	arg1	affiliation					969:979	Taxonomic affiliation	959:979	Taxonomic affiliation of genes	959:988	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	8	12	theme	fermentable	1499:1509	arg1	sugars					1511:1516	fermentable sugars	1499:1516	fermentable sugars	1499:1516	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	1	13	theme	biomass-degrading	248:264	arg1	microorganisms					266:279	plant biomass-degrading microorganisms	242:279	plant biomass-degrading microorganisms	242:279	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	7	14	theme	plant	1322:1326	arg1	biomass					1328:1334	plant biomass	1322:1334	plant biomass	1322:1334	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	6	15	theme	high	997:1000	arg1	potential					1010:1018	high genetic potential	997:1018	high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation	997:1076	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	6	16	theme	Acidobacteria	1034:1046	arg1	potential					1010:1018	high genetic potential	997:1018	high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation	997:1076	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	9	17	theme	biofuels	1650:1657	arg1	production					1659:1668	biofuels production	1650:1668	biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications	1650:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	4	18	theme	genes	633:637	arg1	range					624:628	a broad range	616:628	a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism	616:696	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	5	19	theme	glycoside	819:827	arg1	families					846:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families	816:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose	816:888	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	7	20	theme	profile	1224:1230	arg1	similarity					1232:1241	greater GHs profile similarity	1212:1241	greater GHs profile similarity among soils	1212:1253	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	3	21	theme	complex	483:489	arg1	community					501:509	A complex bacterial community	481:509	A complex bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria	481:556	A complex bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria was unraveled.
27986827	5	22	theme	hydrolases	829:838	arg1	families					846:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families	816:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose	816:888	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	0	23	from	Caatinga	32:39	arg1	Potential					0:8	Potential	0:8	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga	0:39	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.
27986827	5	24	theme	cellulose	880:888	arg1	hydrolysis					866:875	hydrolysis	866:875	hydrolysis of cellulose	866:888	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	9	25	theme	enzymes	1562:1568	arg1	repertoire					1530:1539	This large repertoire	1519:1539	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes	1519:1568	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	9	25	theme	enzymes	1562:1568	arg1	enzymes					1562:1568	lignocellulolytic enzymes	1544:1568	lignocellulolytic enzymes	1544:1568	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	4	26	theme	microbial	710:718	arg1	ability					720:726	microbial ability	710:726	microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material	710:760	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	2	27	theme	sequence-based	455:468	arg1	screening					470:478	sequence-based screening	455:478	sequence-based screening	455:478	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	7	28	theme	greater	1212:1218	arg1	similarity					1232:1241	greater GHs profile similarity	1212:1241	greater GHs profile similarity among soils	1212:1253	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	8	29	theme	Combined	1381:1388	arg1	results					1390:1396	Combined results	1381:1396	Combined results	1381:1396	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	7	30	theme	capable	1301:1307	arg1	animals					1293:1299	animals	1293:1299	animals capable of digesting plant biomass	1293:1334	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	9	31	theme	catalysts	1636:1644	arg1	candidates					1610:1619	potential candidates	1600:1619	potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications	1600:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	6	32	theme	Actinobacteria	1087:1100	arg1	members					1102:1108	Actinobacteria members	1087:1108	Actinobacteria members	1087:1108	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	6	33	theme	phylum	1027:1032	arg1	Acidobacteria					1034:1046	the phylum Acidobacteria	1023:1046	the phylum Acidobacteria	1023:1046	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	9	34	from	resources	1685:1693	arg1	production					1659:1668	biofuels production	1650:1668	biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications	1650:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	2	35	theme	phylogenetic	304:315	arg1	composition					317:327	the phylogenetic composition	300:327	the phylogenetic composition	300:327	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	2	36	theme	first	394:398	arg1	time					400:403	the first time	390:403	the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening	390:478	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	0	37	theme	soil	22:25	arg1	Potential					0:8	Potential	0:8	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga	0:39	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.
27986827	8	38	theme	members	1453:1459	arg1	interaction					1428:1438	a complex synergistic interaction	1406:1438	a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars	1406:1516	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	8	39	theme	community	1443:1451	arg1	members					1453:1459	community members	1443:1459	community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars	1443:1516	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	1	40	theme	Caatinga	186:193	arg1	biome					195:199	Brazilian Caatinga biome	176:199	Brazilian Caatinga biome	176:199	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	2	41	theme	Caatinga	438:445	arg1	soil					447:450	Caatinga soil	438:450	Caatinga soil	438:450	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	4	42	theme	broad	618:622	arg1	range					624:628	a broad range	616:628	a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism	616:696	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	9	43	theme	other	1699:1703	arg1	applications					1719:1730	other environmental applications	1699:1730	other environmental applications	1699:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	9	44	theme	renewable	1675:1683	arg1	resources					1685:1693	renewable resources	1675:1693	renewable resources	1675:1693	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	4	45	link	plant-derived	739:751	arg1	material					753:760	plant-derived material	739:760	plant-derived material	739:760	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	1	46	theme	biome	195:199	arg1	soil					168:171	soil	168:171	soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome	168:199	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	5	47	theme	related	855:861	arg1	families					846:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families	816:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose	816:888	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	5	48	theme	other	927:931	arg1	enzymes					950:956	other lignin-modifying enzymes	927:956	other lignin-modifying enzymes	927:956	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	1	49	theme	Brazilian	176:184	arg1	biome					195:199	Brazilian Caatinga biome	176:199	Brazilian Caatinga biome	176:199	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	2	50	theme	library	419:425	arg1	dataset					427:433	a fosmid library dataset	410:433	a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening	410:478	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	6	51	theme	hemicellulose	1052:1064	arg1	degradation					1066:1076	hemicellulose degradation	1052:1076	hemicellulose degradation	1052:1076	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	7	52	theme	comparative	1182:1192	arg1	analyses					1194:1201	comparative analyses	1182:1201	comparative analyses	1182:1201	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	8	53	theme	synergistic	1416:1426	arg1	interaction					1428:1438	a complex synergistic interaction	1406:1438	a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars	1406:1516	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	2	54	theme	soil	447:450	arg1	dataset					427:433	a fosmid library dataset	410:433	a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening	410:478	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	9	55	from	applications	1719:1730	arg1	production					1659:1668	biofuels production	1650:1668	biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications	1650:1730	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	2	56	theme	fosmid	412:417	arg1	dataset					427:433	a fosmid library dataset	410:433	a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening	410:478	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	9	57	theme	large	1524:1528	arg1	repertoire					1530:1539	This large repertoire	1519:1539	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes	1519:1568	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	9	57	theme	large	1524:1528	arg1	enzymes					1562:1568	lignocellulolytic enzymes	1544:1568	lignocellulolytic enzymes	1544:1568	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	6	58	theme	celullose	1146:1154	arg1	hydrolysis					1156:1165	celullose hydrolysis	1146:1165	celullose hydrolysis	1146:1165	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	7	59	theme	hemicellulases	1357:1370	arg1	content					1372:1378	the hemicellulases content	1353:1378	the hemicellulases content	1353:1378	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	6	60	theme	genes	984:988	arg1	affiliation					969:979	Taxonomic affiliation	959:979	Taxonomic affiliation of genes	959:988	Taxonomic affiliation of genes showed high genetic potential of the phylum Acidobacteria for hemicellulose degradation, whereas Actinobacteria members appear to play an important role in celullose hydrolysis.
27986827	7	61	from	tract	1284:1288	arg1	content					1372:1378	the hemicellulases content	1353:1378	the hemicellulases content	1353:1378	Additionally, comparative analyses revealed greater GHs profile similarity among soils as compared to the digestive tract of animals capable of digesting plant biomass, particularly in the hemicellulases content.
27986827	4	62	theme	subsystems-based	578:593	arg1	annotations					595:605	SEED subsystems-based annotations	573:605	SEED subsystems-based annotations	573:605	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	4	63	theme	SEED	573:576	arg1	annotations					595:605	SEED subsystems-based annotations	573:605	SEED subsystems-based annotations	573:605	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	2	64	theme	lignocellulose-degrading	333:356	arg1	capacity					358:365	lignocellulose-degrading capacity	333:365	lignocellulose-degrading capacity	333:365	Herein, the phylogenetic composition and lignocellulose-degrading capacity have been explored for the first time from a fosmid library dataset of Caatinga soil by sequence-based screening.
27986827	9	65	theme	lignocellulolytic	1544:1560	arg1	enzymes					1562:1568	lignocellulolytic enzymes	1544:1568	lignocellulolytic enzymes	1544:1568	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	8	66	theme	complex	1408:1414	arg1	interaction					1428:1438	a complex synergistic interaction	1406:1438	a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars	1406:1516	Combined results suggest a complex synergistic interaction of community members required for biomass degradation into fermentable sugars.
27986827	5	67	theme	CAZy-based	763:772	arg1	annotation					774:783	CAZy-based annotation	763:783	CAZy-based annotation	763:783	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	4	68	dep	carbohydrate	651:662	arg1	metabolism					687:696	metabolism	687:696	metabolism	687:696	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	4	69	theme	plant-derived	739:751	arg1	material					753:760	plant-derived material	739:760	plant-derived material	739:760	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	3	70	theme	bacterial	491:499	arg1	community					501:509	A complex bacterial community	481:509	A complex bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria	481:556	A complex bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria was unraveled.
27986827	0	71	theme	novel	52:56	arg1	source					58:63	a novel source	50:63	a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes	50:107	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.
27986827	5	72	theme	lignin-modifying	933:948	arg1	enzymes					950:956	other lignin-modifying enzymes	927:956	other lignin-modifying enzymes	927:956	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	4	73	theme	aromatic	668:675	arg1	compounds					677:685	aromatic compounds	668:685	aromatic compounds	668:685	SEED subsystems-based annotations revealed a broad range of genes assigned to carbohydrate and aromatic compounds metabolism, indicating microbial ability to utilize plant-derived material.
27986827	1	74	theme	major	132:136	arg1	material					146:153	the major organic material	128:153	the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome	128:199	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	1	74	theme	major	132:136	arg1	litterfall					114:123	The litterfall	110:123	The litterfall	110:123	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	9	75	theme	biochemical	1624:1634	arg1	catalysts					1636:1644	biochemical catalysts	1624:1644	biochemical catalysts	1624:1644	This large repertoire of lignocellulolytic enzymes opens perspectives for mining potential candidates of biochemical catalysts for biofuels production from renewable resources and other environmental applications.
27986827	1	76	theme	ideal	221:225	arg1	conditions					227:236	the ideal conditions	217:236	the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms	217:279	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	5	77	theme	GHs	841:843	arg1	families					846:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families	816:853	37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose	816:888	CAZy-based annotation identified 7275 genes encoding 37 glycoside hydrolases (GHs) families related to hydrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides and other lignin-modifying enzymes.
27986827	0	78	theme	semiarid	13:20	arg1	soil					22:25	semiarid soil	13:25	semiarid soil	13:25	Potential of semiarid soil from Caatinga biome as a novel source for mining lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.
27986827	1	79	theme	organic	138:144	arg1	material					146:153	the major organic material	128:153	the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome	128:199	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
27986827	1	79	theme	organic	138:144	arg1	litterfall					114:123	The litterfall	110:123	The litterfall	110:123	The litterfall is the major organic material deposited in soil of Brazilian Caatinga biome, thus providing the ideal conditions for plant biomass-degrading microorganisms to thrive.
25263933	0	0	theme	milk	108:111	arg1	hydrolysis					121:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	0	theme	milk	108:111	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	1	1	theme	polylactic	399:408	arg1	acid					410:413	polylactic acid	399:413	polylactic acid (PLA)	399:419	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	1	1	theme	polylactic	399:408	arg1	PLA					416:418	PLA	416:418	PLA	416:418	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	6	2	theme	β-galactosidase-loaded	1345:1366	arg1	NCs					1372:1374	the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs	1341:1374	the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs	1341:1374	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	5	3	theme	gastric	1155:1161	arg1	fluid					1163:1167	the simulated gastric fluid	1141:1167	the simulated gastric fluid	1141:1167	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	2	4	from	NCs	519:521	arg1	range					535:539	the size range	526:539	the size range of 100-200 nm	526:553	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
25263933	2	5	theme	100-200 nm	544:553	arg1	range					535:539	the size range	526:539	the size range of 100-200 nm	526:553	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
25263933	1	6	theme	peroral	197:203	arg1	β-galactosidase					205:219	peroral β-galactosidase	197:219	peroral β-galactosidase	197:219	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	1	7	theme	gastrointestinal	303:318	arg1	tract					320:324	gastrointestinal tract	303:324	gastrointestinal tract	303:324	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	2	8	theme	w1/o/w2	583:589	arg1	technique					591:599	a modified w1/o/w2 technique	572:599	a modified w1/o/w2 technique	572:599	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
25263933	1	9	theme	tract	320:324	arg1	environments					287:298	the environments	283:298	the environments of gastrointestinal tract	283:324	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	0	10	theme	lactose	113:119	arg1	hydrolysis					121:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	10	theme	lactose	113:119	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	6	11	theme	greater	1393:1399	arg1	stability					1401:1409	greater stability	1393:1409	greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose	1393:1496	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	3	12	theme	inner	851:855	arg1	phase					857:861	the inner phase	847:861	the inner phase	847:861	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	0	13	theme	simulated	138:146	arg1	conditions					165:174	simulated gastrointestinal conditions	138:174	simulated gastrointestinal conditions	138:174	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	1	14	dep	capsule	387:393	arg1	NCs					435:437	NCs	435:437	NCs	435:437	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	1	14	dep	capsule	387:393	arg1	nanocapsules					421:432	nanocapsules	421:432	nanocapsules (NCs)	421:438	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	6	15	theme	enteric	1294:1300	arg1	coating					1302:1308	the enteric coating	1290:1308	the enteric coating	1290:1308	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	6	16	theme	enzymatic	1419:1427	arg1	degradation					1429:1439	enzymatic degradation	1419:1439	enzymatic degradation	1419:1439	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	5	17	from	fluid	1163:1167	arg1	intact					1131:1136	intact	1131:1136	intact	1131:1136	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	2	18	theme	PLA	515:517	arg1	NCs					519:521	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs	492:521	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm	492:553	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
25263933	6	19	theme	milk	1485:1488	arg1	lactose					1490:1496	milk lactose	1485:1496	milk lactose	1485:1496	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	4	20	theme	-coated	1050:1056	arg1	capsule					1058:1064	a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HP55)-coated capsule	1002:1064	a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HP55)-coated capsule	1002:1064	Subsequently, the prepared NCs were freeze-dried and filled in a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HP55)-coated capsule.
25263933	6	21	theme	hydrolysis	1452:1461	arg1	ratio					1463:1467	higher hydrolysis ratio	1445:1467	higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%)	1445:1475	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	6	21	theme	hydrolysis	1452:1461	arg1	%					1474:1474	∼100%	1470:1474	∼100%	1470:1474	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	5	22	theme	acidic	1227:1232	arg1	denaturation					1234:1245	acidic denaturation	1227:1245	acidic denaturation	1227:1245	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	3	23	theme	second	760:765	arg1	method					782:787	the second emulsification method	756:787	the second emulsification method	756:787	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	3	24	dep	1 	667:668	arg1	v/v					674:676	v/v	674:676	v/v	674:676	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	3	24	dep	1 	667:668	arg1	 1					670:671	 1	670:671	 1	670:671	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	0	25	theme	Enteric-coated	0:13	arg1	capsule					15:21	Enteric-coated capsule	0:21	Enteric-coated capsule	0:21	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	7	26	theme	efficient	1627:1635	arg1	hydrolysis					1645:1654	efficient lactose hydrolysis	1627:1654	efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract	1627:1684	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	3	27	theme	high-pressure	707:719	arg1	homogenisation					721:734	high-pressure homogenisation	707:734	high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method	707:787	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	3	27	theme	high-pressure	707:719	arg1	bar					741:743	150 bar	737:743	150 bar	737:743	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	5	28	dep	In	1067:1068	arg1	vitro					1070:1074	vitro	1070:1074	vitro	1070:1074	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	3	29	theme	dichloromethane/ethyl	636:656	arg1	1 					667:668	1 	667:668	1 	667:668	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	3	29	theme	dichloromethane/ethyl	636:656	arg1	acetate					658:664	dichloromethane/ethyl acetate	636:664	dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition	636:704	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	0	30	theme	β-galactosidase-loaded	34:55	arg1	hydrolysis					121:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	30	theme	β-galactosidase-loaded	34:55	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	30	theme	β-galactosidase-loaded	34:55	arg1	stability					94:102	enzyme stability	87:102	enzyme stability	87:102	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	1	31	theme	double-capsule	329:342	arg1	system					353:358	a double-capsule delivery system	327:358	a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs)	327:438	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	7	32	from	hydrolysis	1645:1654	arg1	tract					1680:1684	the gastrointestinal tract	1659:1684	the gastrointestinal tract	1659:1684	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	3	33	theme	encapsulation	613:625	arg1	process					627:633	the encapsulation process	609:633	the encapsulation process	609:633	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	5	34	from	intact	1131:1136	arg1	fluid					1163:1167	the simulated gastric fluid	1141:1167	the simulated gastric fluid	1141:1167	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	1	35	theme	delivery	344:351	arg1	system					353:358	a double-capsule delivery system	327:358	a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs)	327:438	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	0	36	theme	gastrointestinal	148:163	arg1	conditions					165:174	simulated gastrointestinal conditions	138:174	simulated gastrointestinal conditions	138:174	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	3	37	theme	solvent	686:692	arg1	composition					694:704	the solvent composition	682:704	the solvent composition	682:704	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	0	38	theme	acid	68:71	arg1	hydrolysis					121:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	38	theme	acid	68:71	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	38	theme	acid	68:71	arg1	stability					94:102	enzyme stability	87:102	enzyme stability	87:102	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	4	39	theme	prepared	957:964	arg1	NCs					966:968	the prepared NCs	953:968	the prepared NCs	953:968	Subsequently, the prepared NCs were freeze-dried and filled in a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HP55)-coated capsule.
25263933	7	40	theme	lactose	1637:1643	arg1	hydrolysis					1645:1654	efficient lactose hydrolysis	1627:1654	efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract	1627:1684	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	7	41	theme	double-capsule	1561:1574	arg1	system					1585:1590	this double-capsule delivery system	1556:1590	this double-capsule delivery system	1556:1590	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	1	42	theme	milk	255:258	arg1	lactose					260:266	milk lactose	255:266	milk lactose	255:266	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	0	43	theme	polylactic	57:66	arg1	hydrolysis					121:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	43	theme	polylactic	57:66	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	43	theme	polylactic	57:66	arg1	stability					94:102	enzyme stability	87:102	enzyme stability	87:102	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	3	44	theme	Poloxamer	814:822	arg1	188					824:826	Poloxamer 188	814:826	Poloxamer 188	814:826	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	2	45	theme	size	530:533	arg1	range					535:539	the size range	526:539	the size range of 100-200 nm	526:553	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
25263933	5	46	theme	HP55-coated	1102:1112	arg1	capsule					1114:1120	the HP55-coated capsule	1098:1120	the HP55-coated capsule	1098:1120	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	0	47	dep	nanocapsules	73:84	arg1	hydrolysis					121:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	milk lactose hydrolysis	108:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	47	dep	nanocapsules	73:84	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	47	dep	nanocapsules	73:84	arg1	stability					94:102	enzyme stability	87:102	enzyme stability	87:102	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	6	48	theme	higher	1445:1450	arg1	ratio					1463:1467	higher hydrolysis ratio	1445:1467	higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%)	1445:1475	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	6	48	theme	higher	1445:1450	arg1	%					1474:1474	∼100%	1470:1474	∼100%	1470:1474	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	3	49	theme	polyvinyl	793:801	arg1	alcohol					803:809	polyvinyl alcohol	793:809	polyvinyl alcohol	793:809	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	2	50	theme	β-galactosidase-loaded	492:513	arg1	NCs					519:521	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs	492:521	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm	492:553	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
25263933	1	51	theme	enteric-coated	372:385	arg1	capsule					387:393	enteric-coated capsule	372:393	enteric-coated capsule	372:393	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	5	52	theme	In	1067:1068	arg1	results					1076:1082	In vitro results	1067:1082	In vitro results	1067:1082	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	6	53	theme	intestinal	1268:1277	arg1	condition					1279:1287	the simulated intestinal condition	1254:1287	the simulated intestinal condition	1254:1287	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	5	54	theme	nested	1199:1204	arg1	β-galactosidase					1206:1220	the nested β-galactosidase	1195:1220	the nested β-galactosidase	1195:1220	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	3	55	from	stabiliser	833:842	arg1	phase					857:861	the inner phase	847:861	the inner phase	847:861	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	7	56	theme	promising	1603:1611	arg1	candidate					1613:1621	promising candidate	1603:1621	promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract	1603:1684	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	6	57	theme	simulated	1258:1266	arg1	condition					1279:1287	the simulated intestinal condition	1254:1287	the simulated intestinal condition	1254:1287	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	3	58	theme	emulsification	767:780	arg1	method					782:787	the second emulsification method	756:787	the second emulsification method	756:787	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	3	59	theme	activity	893:900	arg1	retention					902:910	the activity retention	889:910	the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%)	889:936	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	6	60	theme	PLA	1368:1370	arg1	NCs					1372:1374	the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs	1341:1374	the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs	1341:1374	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	7	61	theme	delivery	1576:1583	arg1	system					1585:1590	this double-capsule delivery system	1556:1590	this double-capsule delivery system	1556:1590	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	3	62	dep	bar	741:743	arg1	3 min					746:750	3 min	746:750	3 min	746:750	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	1	63	theme	β-galactosidase	475:489	arg1	encapsulation					458:470	encapsulation	458:470	encapsulation of β-galactosidase	458:489	In order to protect peroral β-galactosidase from being degraded and hydrolyse milk lactose efficiently in the environments of gastrointestinal tract, a double-capsule delivery system composed of enteric-coated capsule and polylactic acid (PLA) nanocapsules (NCs) was developed for encapsulation of β-galactosidase.
25263933	7	64	theme	gastrointestinal	1663:1678	arg1	tract					1680:1684	the gastrointestinal tract	1659:1684	the gastrointestinal tract	1659:1684	These results suggest that this double-capsule delivery system represents promising candidate for efficient lactose hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract.
25263933	0	65	theme	enzyme	87:92	arg1	nanocapsules					73:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules	34:84	β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis	34:130	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	0	65	theme	enzyme	87:92	arg1	stability					94:102	enzyme stability	87:102	enzyme stability	87:102	Enteric-coated capsule containing β-galactosidase-loaded polylactic acid nanocapsules: enzyme stability and milk lactose hydrolysis under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
25263933	5	66	theme	simulated	1145:1153	arg1	fluid					1163:1167	the simulated gastric fluid	1141:1167	the simulated gastric fluid	1141:1167	In vitro results revealed that the HP55-coated capsule remained intact in the simulated gastric fluid and efficiently protected the nested β-galactosidase from acidic denaturation.
25263933	6	67	theme	free	1507:1510	arg1	β-galactosidase					1512:1526	the free β-galactosidase	1503:1526	the free β-galactosidase	1503:1526	Under the simulated intestinal condition, the enteric coating dissolved rapidly and released the β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs, which exhibited greater stability against enzymatic degradation and higher hydrolysis ratio (∼100%) towards milk lactose than the free β-galactosidase.
25263933	3	68	theme	β-galactosidase	915:929	arg1	retention					902:910	the activity retention	889:910	the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%)	889:936	During the encapsulation process, dichloromethane/ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v) as the solvent composition, high-pressure homogenisation (150 bar, 3 min) as the second emulsification method and polyvinyl alcohol or Poloxamer 188 as a stabiliser in the inner phase could efficiently improve the activity retention of β-galactosidase (>90%).
25263933	2	69	theme	modified	574:581	arg1	technique					591:599	a modified w1/o/w2 technique	572:599	a modified w1/o/w2 technique	572:599	β-galactosidase-loaded PLA NCs in the size range of 100-200 nm were prepared by a modified w1/o/w2 technique.
26572458	0	0	theme	electrostatic	103:115	arg1	modification					117:128	the electrostatic modification	99:128	the electrostatic modification	99:128	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites through the electrostatic modification.
26572458	6	1	theme	great	925:929	arg1	effect					931:936	a great effect	923:936	a great effect	923:936	This study demonstrates that the morphology of the nanocomposites has a great effect on physiochemical properties and the interactions between the microorganism and the nanocomposites.
26572458	1	2	theme	ever-growing	173:184	arg1	interest					186:193	an attracting and ever-growing interest	155:193	an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures	155:255	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	3	3	theme	BC	483:484	arg1	matrix					486:491	BC matrix	483:491	BC matrix	483:491	The modification of GO with PEI significantly improved the bonding force between GO nanofillers and BC matrix.
26572458	6	4	theme	nanocomposites	904:917	arg1	morphology					886:895	the morphology	882:895	the morphology of the nanocomposites	882:917	This study demonstrates that the morphology of the nanocomposites has a great effect on physiochemical properties and the interactions between the microorganism and the nanocomposites.
26572458	5	5	from	effect	716:721	arg1	cerevisiae					740:749	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	726:749	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	726:749	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	0	6	theme	oxide/bacterial	50:64	arg1	cellulose					66:74	graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	41:74	graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	41:74	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites through the electrostatic modification.
26572458	4	7	contain	had	531:533	arg1	morphology					498:507	The morphology	494:507	The morphology of the nanocomposites	494:529	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	4	7	contain	had	531:533	arg2	effect					549:554	a significant effect	535:554	a significant effect	535:554	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	3	8	theme	bonding	442:448	arg1	force					450:454	the bonding force	438:454	the bonding force between GO nanofillers and BC matrix	438:491	The modification of GO with PEI significantly improved the bonding force between GO nanofillers and BC matrix.
26572458	5	9	theme	composites	819:828	arg1	surfaces					843:850	the cell surfaces	834:850	the cell surfaces	834:850	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	5	9	theme	composites	819:828	arg1	nanofillers					800:810	the nanofillers	796:810	the nanofillers of the composites	796:828	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	1	10	theme	various	198:204	arg1	fields					215:220	various research fields	198:220	various research fields	198:220	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	1	11	theme	research	206:213	arg1	fields					215:220	various research fields	198:220	various research fields	198:220	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	0	12	theme	activity	29:36	arg1	Improvement					0:10	Improvement	0:10	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	0:74	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites through the electrostatic modification.
26572458	5	13	theme	antimicrobial	702:714	arg1	effect					716:721	a strong antimicrobial effect	693:721	a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae	693:749	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	1	14	theme	Graphene	131:138	arg1	oxide					140:144	Graphene oxide	131:144	Graphene oxide (GO)	131:149	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	0	15	theme	antimicrobial	15:27	arg1	activity					29:36	antimicrobial activity	15:36	antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	15:74	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites through the electrostatic modification.
26572458	4	16	theme	mechanical	563:572	arg1	properties					574:583	the mechanical properties	559:583	the mechanical properties	559:583	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	3	17	with	modification	387:398	arg1	PEI					411:413	PEI	411:413	PEI	411:413	The modification of GO with PEI significantly improved the bonding force between GO nanofillers and BC matrix.
26572458	4	18	theme	antibacterial	624:636	arg1	activity					638:645	the antibacterial activity	620:645	the antibacterial activity	620:645	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	0	19	theme	graphene	41:48	arg1	cellulose					66:74	graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	41:74	graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	41:74	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites through the electrostatic modification.
26572458	1	20	theme	fascinating	230:240	arg1	nanostructures					242:255	its fascinating nanostructures	226:255	its fascinating nanostructures	226:255	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	0	21	theme	cellulose	66:74	arg1	activity					29:36	antimicrobial activity	15:36	antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose	15:74	Improvement of antimicrobial activity of graphene oxide/bacterial cellulose nanocomposites through the electrostatic modification.
26572458	4	22	theme	nanocomposites	516:529	arg1	morphology					498:507	The morphology	494:507	The morphology of the nanocomposites	494:529	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	5	23	theme	cell	838:841	arg1	surfaces					843:850	the cell surfaces	834:850	the cell surfaces	834:850	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	3	24	theme	GO	403:404	arg1	modification					387:398	The modification	383:398	The modification of GO with PEI	383:413	The modification of GO with PEI significantly improved the bonding force between GO nanofillers and BC matrix.
26572458	4	25	theme	significant	537:547	arg1	effect					549:554	a significant effect	535:554	a significant effect	535:554	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	1	26	theme	attracting	158:167	arg1	interest					186:193	an attracting and ever-growing interest	155:193	an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures	155:255	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	2	27	theme	GO-based	333:340	arg1	materials					342:350	GO-based materials	333:350	GO-based materials	333:350	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	2	28	used	used	302:305	arg2	cellulose					283:291	bacterial cellulose	273:291	bacterial cellulose (BC)	273:296	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	2	28	used	used	302:305	arg2	matrix					312:317	a matrix	310:317	a matrix	310:317	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	2	28	used	used	302:305	arg2	BC					294:295	BC	294:295	BC	294:295	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	6	29	theme	physiochemical	941:954	arg1	properties					956:965	physiochemical properties	941:965	physiochemical properties	941:965	This study demonstrates that the morphology of the nanocomposites has a great effect on physiochemical properties and the interactions between the microorganism and the nanocomposites.
26572458	5	30	theme	strong	695:700	arg1	effect					716:721	a strong antimicrobial effect	693:721	a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae	693:749	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	2	31	theme	bacterial	273:281	arg1	matrix					312:317	a matrix	310:317	a matrix	310:317	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	2	31	theme	bacterial	273:281	arg1	BC					294:295	BC	294:295	BC	294:295	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	2	31	theme	bacterial	273:281	arg1	cellulose					283:291	bacterial cellulose	273:291	bacterial cellulose (BC)	273:296	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	2	32	theme	mechanical	357:366	arg1	method					375:380	a mechanical mixing method	355:380	a mechanical mixing method	355:380	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	5	33	theme	effective	762:770	arg1	contacts					779:786	the effective direct contacts	758:786	the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces	758:850	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	6	34	contain	has	919:921	arg2	effect					931:936	a great effect	923:936	a great effect	923:936	This study demonstrates that the morphology of the nanocomposites has a great effect on physiochemical properties and the interactions between the microorganism and the nanocomposites.
26572458	6	34	contain	has	919:921	arg1	morphology					886:895	the morphology	882:895	the morphology of the nanocomposites	882:917	This study demonstrates that the morphology of the nanocomposites has a great effect on physiochemical properties and the interactions between the microorganism and the nanocomposites.
26572458	2	35	theme	mixing	368:373	arg1	method					375:380	a mechanical mixing method	355:380	a mechanical mixing method	355:380	In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) was used as a matrix to synthesize GO-based materials by a mechanical mixing method.
26572458	4	36	theme	hydrophilic	586:596	arg1	properties					598:607	hydrophilic properties	586:607	hydrophilic properties	586:607	The morphology of the nanocomposites had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, hydrophilic properties as well as the antibacterial activity.
26572458	5	37	theme	direct	772:777	arg1	contacts					779:786	the effective direct contacts	758:786	the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces	758:850	After the modification, the GO-PEI/BC showed a strong antimicrobial effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the effective direct contacts between the nanofillers of the composites and the cell surfaces.
26572458	1	38	contain	has	151:153	arg2	interest					186:193	an attracting and ever-growing interest	155:193	an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures	155:255	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	1	38	contain	has	151:153	arg1	oxide					140:144	Graphene oxide	131:144	Graphene oxide (GO)	131:149	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	3	39	dep	nanofillers	467:477	arg1	GO					464:465	GO	464:465	GO	464:465	The modification of GO with PEI significantly improved the bonding force between GO nanofillers and BC matrix.
26572458	1	40	from	interest	186:193	arg1	fields					215:220	various research fields	198:220	various research fields	198:220	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
26572458	1	41	dep	oxide	140:144	arg1	GO					147:148	GO	147:148	GO	147:148	Graphene oxide (GO) has an attracting and ever-growing interest in various research fields for its fascinating nanostructures.
27035339	7	0	theme	chronic	1216:1222	arg1	periodontitis					1224:1236	chronic periodontitis	1216:1236	chronic periodontitis	1216:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	7	1	from	role	1208:1211	arg1	periodontitis					1224:1236	chronic periodontitis	1216:1236	chronic periodontitis	1216:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	2	2	with	lipid-bilayers	433:446	arg1	diameters					459:467	modal diameters	453:467	modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm	453:483	Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm.
27035339	7	3	theme	pattern	1136:1142	arg1	responses					1165:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses	1123:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis	1123:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	2	4	theme	light	391:395	arg1	scattering					397:406	light scattering	391:406	light scattering	391:406	Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm.
27035339	0	5	theme	Pathogens	104:112	arg1	Vesicles					74:81	Outer Membrane Vesicles	59:81	Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens	59:112	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	6	6	theme	Compositional	920:932	arg1	analyses					934:941	Compositional analyses	920:941	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens	920:974	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	3	7	theme	culture	575:581	arg1	stage					549:553	the same stage	540:553	the same stage of late exponential culture	540:581	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	7	8	contain	have	1180:1183	arg2	implications					1185:1196	implications	1185:1196	implications for their role in chronic periodontitis	1185:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	7	8	contain	have	1180:1183	arg1	responses					1165:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses	1123:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis	1123:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	6	9	theme	fatty	1013:1017	arg1	acids					1019:1023	fatty acids	1013:1023	fatty acids	1013:1023	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	0	10	theme	Periodontal	92:102	arg1	Pathogens					104:112	Three Periodontal Pathogens	86:112	Three Periodontal Pathogens	86:112	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	3	11	from	stage	549:553	arg1	flow-cytometry					522:535	flow-cytometry	522:535	flow-cytometry	522:535	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	4	12	theme	expressing-HEK-Blue	773:791	arg1	cells					793:797	NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells	768:797	NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells	768:797	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	1	13	theme	tangential	283:292	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	3	14	theme	flow-cytometry	522:535	arg1	nanoparticle					509:520	nanoparticle	509:520	nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture	509:581	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	5	15	theme	P.	855:856	arg1	gingivalis					858:867	P. gingivalis	855:867	P. gingivalis	855:867	Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses.
27035339	3	16	theme	OMVs	501:504	arg1	Enumeration					486:496	Enumeration	486:496	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture	486:581	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	3	17	theme	late	558:561	arg1	culture					575:581	late exponential culture	558:581	late exponential culture	558:581	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	4	18	theme	TLR4-specific	691:703	arg1	responses					705:713	strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses	675:713	responses	705:713	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	7	19	theme	receptor	1156:1163	arg1	responses					1165:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses	1123:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis	1123:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	3	20	theme	exponential	563:573	arg1	culture					575:581	late exponential culture	558:581	late exponential culture	558:581	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	1	21	theme	periodontal	169:179	arg1	pathogens					181:189	the periodontal pathogens	165:189	the periodontal pathogens	165:189	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	2	22	theme	nm	482:483	arg1	diameters					459:467	modal diameters	453:467	modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm	453:483	Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm.
27035339	7	23	theme	differential	1123:1134	arg1	responses					1165:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses	1123:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis	1123:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	1	24	theme	pathogens	181:189	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	24	theme	pathogens	181:189	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	0	25	theme	Differential	0:11	arg1	Responses					13:21	Differential Responses	0:21	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens	0:112	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	1	26	theme	flow	294:297	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	2	27	dep	158	478:480	arg1	to					475:476	to	475:476	to	475:476	Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm.
27035339	5	28	theme	T.	873:874	arg1	OMVs					886:889	T. denticola OMVs	873:889	T. denticola OMVs	873:889	Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses.
27035339	5	29	theme	denticola	876:884	arg1	OMVs					886:889	T. denticola OMVs	873:889	T. denticola OMVs	873:889	Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses.
27035339	0	30	theme	Pattern	26:32	arg1	Receptors					46:54	Pattern Recognition Receptors	26:54	Pattern Recognition Receptors	26:54	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	1	31	theme	ultrafiltration	299:313	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	6	32	from	differences	989:999	arg1	acids					1082:1086	nucleic acids	1074:1086	nucleic acids	1074:1086	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	6	32	from	differences	989:999	arg1	acids					1019:1023	fatty acids	1013:1023	fatty acids	1013:1023	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	6	32	from	differences	989:999	arg1	protein					1004:1010	protein	1004:1010	protein	1004:1010	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	6	32	from	differences	989:999	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					1026:1043	lipopolysaccharide	1026:1043	lipopolysaccharide	1026:1043	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	6	32	from	differences	989:999	arg1	fragments					1060:1068	peptidoglycan fragments	1046:1068	peptidoglycan fragments	1046:1068	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	4	33	theme	NOD2	768:771	arg1	cells					793:797	NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells	768:797	NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells	768:797	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	1	34	theme	Porphyromonas	192:204	arg1	gingivalis					206:215	Porphyromonas gingivalis	192:215	Porphyromonas gingivalis	192:215	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	3	35	theme	P.	598:599	arg1	gingivalis					601:610	P. gingivalis	598:610	P. gingivalis	598:610	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	3	35	theme	P.	598:599	arg1	producer					638:645	the most prolific OMV producer	616:645	the most prolific OMV producer	616:645	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	1	36	theme	gingivalis	206:215	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	36	theme	gingivalis	206:215	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	0	37	theme	Receptors	46:54	arg1	Responses					13:21	Differential Responses	0:21	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens	0:112	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	1	38	theme	ultracentrifugation	316:334	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	7	39	theme	Periodontal	1089:1099	arg1	OMVs					1110:1113	Periodontal pathogen OMVs	1089:1113	Periodontal pathogen OMVs	1089:1113	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	6	40	theme	nucleic	1074:1080	arg1	acids					1082:1086	nucleic acids	1074:1086	nucleic acids	1074:1086	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	3	41	theme	prolific	625:632	arg1	gingivalis					601:610	P. gingivalis	598:610	P. gingivalis	598:610	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	3	41	theme	prolific	625:632	arg1	producer					638:645	the most prolific OMV producer	616:645	the most prolific OMV producer	616:645	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	2	42	theme	modal	453:457	arg1	diameters					459:467	modal diameters	453:467	modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm	453:483	Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm.
27035339	0	43	theme	Recognition	34:44	arg1	Receptors					46:54	Pattern Recognition Receptors	26:54	Pattern Recognition Receptors	26:54	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	5	44	theme	T.	813:814	arg1	OMVs					826:829	T. forsythia OMVs	813:829	T. forsythia OMVs	813:829	Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses.
27035339	3	45	theme	OMV	634:636	arg1	gingivalis					601:610	P. gingivalis	598:610	P. gingivalis	598:610	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	3	45	theme	OMV	634:636	arg1	producer					638:645	the most prolific OMV producer	616:645	the most prolific OMV producer	616:645	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	4	46	theme	strong	675:680	arg1	TLR2					682:685	strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses	675:713	TLR2	682:685	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	0	47	theme	Outer	59:63	arg1	Vesicles					74:81	Outer Membrane Vesicles	59:81	Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens	59:112	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	1	48	theme	Optiprep	340:347	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	49	theme	purified	122:129	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	49	theme	purified	122:129	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	7	50	theme	pathogen	1101:1108	arg1	OMVs					1110:1113	Periodontal pathogen OMVs	1089:1113	Periodontal pathogen OMVs	1089:1113	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	1	51	theme	density	349:355	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	4	52	dep	gingivalis	651:660	arg1	OMVs					662:665	OMVs	662:665	P. gingivalis OMVs	648:665	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	3	53	theme	same	544:547	arg1	stage					549:553	the same stage	540:553	the same stage of late exponential culture	540:581	Enumeration of OMVs by nanoparticle flow-cytometry at the same stage of late exponential culture indicated that P. gingivalis was the most prolific OMV producer.
27035339	1	54	theme	outer	131:135	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	54	theme	outer	131:135	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	55	theme	gradient	357:364	arg1	separation					366:375	tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation	283:375	separation	366:375	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	6	56	from	pathogens	966:974	arg1	analyses					934:941	Compositional analyses	920:941	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens	920:974	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	6	56	from	pathogens	966:974	arg1	OMVs					946:949	OMVs	946:949	OMVs from the three pathogens	946:974	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	5	57	theme	forsythia	816:824	arg1	OMVs					826:829	T. forsythia OMVs	813:829	T. forsythia OMVs	813:829	Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses.
27035339	7	58	theme	recognition	1144:1154	arg1	responses					1165:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses	1123:1173	differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis	1123:1236	Periodontal pathogen OMVs induced differential pattern recognition receptor responses that have implications for their role in chronic periodontitis.
27035339	1	59	theme	membrane	137:144	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	59	theme	membrane	137:144	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	60	theme	denticola	228:236	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	60	theme	denticola	228:236	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	5	61	theme	weak	904:907	arg1	responses					909:917	only weak responses	899:917	only weak responses	899:917	Responses to T. forsythia OMVs were less than those of P. gingivalis and T. denticola OMVs induced only weak responses.
27035339	6	62	theme	peptidoglycan	1046:1058	arg1	fragments					1060:1068	peptidoglycan fragments	1046:1068	peptidoglycan fragments	1046:1068	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	6	63	from	analyses	934:941	arg1	pathogens					966:974	the three pathogens	956:974	the three pathogens	956:974	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	2	64	theme	single	426:431	arg1	lipid-bilayers					433:446	single lipid-bilayers	426:446	single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm	426:483	Cryo-TEM and light scattering showed OMVs to be single lipid-bilayers with modal diameters of 75 to 158 nm.
27035339	1	65	theme	Tannerella	242:251	arg1	forsythia					253:261	Tannerella forsythia	242:261	Tannerella forsythia	242:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	0	66	theme	Membrane	65:72	arg1	Vesicles					74:81	Outer Membrane Vesicles	59:81	Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens	59:112	Differential Responses of Pattern Recognition Receptors to Outer Membrane Vesicles of Three Periodontal Pathogens.
27035339	6	67	theme	OMVs	946:949	arg1	analyses					934:941	Compositional analyses	920:941	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens	920:974	Compositional analyses of OMVs from the three pathogens demonstrated differences in protein, fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan fragments and nucleic acids.
27035339	4	68	theme	P.	648:649	arg1	gingivalis					651:660	P. gingivalis OMVs	648:665	P. gingivalis OMVs	648:665	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	4	69	theme	moderate	719:726	arg1	responses					728:736	moderate responses	719:736	moderate responses	719:736	P. gingivalis OMVs induced strong TLR2 and TLR4-specific responses and moderate responses in TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, NOD1 and NOD2 expressing-HEK-Blue cells.
27035339	1	70	theme	forsythia	253:261	arg1	OMVs					156:159	OMVs	156:159	OMVs	156:159	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
27035339	1	70	theme	forsythia	253:261	arg1	vesicles					146:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles	115:153	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia	115:261	Highly purified outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were produced using tangential flow ultrafiltration, ultracentrifugation and Optiprep density gradient separation.
26139821	7	0	theme	R	1168:1168	arg1	RS					1183:1184	δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS	1159:1184	δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS	1159:1184	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	8	1	theme	malate	1421:1426	arg1	source					1457:1462	the most important carbon source	1431:1462	the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R	1431:1485	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	8	1	theme	malate	1421:1426	arg1	RS					1415:1416	δ (13) C RS	1406:1416	δ (13) C RS of malate	1406:1426	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	3	2	from	enrichment	440:449	arg1	CO2					473:475	leaf dark-respired CO2	454:475	leaf dark-respired CO2	454:475	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	2	3	theme	C	320:320	arg1	R					322:322	δ (13) C R	313:322	δ (13) C R	313:322	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	6	4	dep	5.2‰	1027:1030	arg1	to					1024:1025	to	1024:1025	to	1024:1025	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	4	5	theme	moisture	696:703	arg1	treatments					705:714	soil moisture treatments	691:714	soil moisture treatments	691:714	Thus, we exposed potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) to different temperature and soil moisture treatments.
26139821	8	6	theme	important	1440:1448	arg1	RS					1415:1416	δ (13) C RS	1406:1416	δ (13) C RS of malate	1406:1426	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	8	6	theme	important	1440:1448	arg1	source					1457:1462	the most important carbon source	1431:1462	the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R	1431:1485	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	2	7	theme	isotopic	260:267	arg1	composition					269:279	The carbon isotopic composition	249:279	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R )	249:324	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	6	8	theme	environmental	942:954	arg1	conditions					956:965	different environmental conditions	932:965	different environmental conditions	932:965	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	8	9	theme	C	1483:1483	arg1	R					1485:1485	δ (13) C R	1476:1485	δ (13) C R	1476:1485	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	6	10	theme	C	1016:1016	arg1	R					1018:1018	δ (13) C R	1009:1018	δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰)	1009:1031	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	3	11	theme	daily	509:513	arg1	changes					515:521	daily changes	509:521	daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	509:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	9	12	theme	cycle	1689:1693	arg1	intermediates					1662:1674	intermediates	1662:1674	intermediates of the Krebs cycle	1662:1693	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	6	13	theme	C	1056:1056	arg1	RS					1058:1059	δ (13) C RS	1049:1059	δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰)	1049:1117	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	2	14	theme	dark-respired	289:301	arg1	CO2					303:305	leaf dark-respired CO2	284:305	leaf dark-respired CO2	284:305	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	1	15	theme	processes	197:205	arg1	support					176:182	support	176:182	support of metabolic processes	176:205	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	6	16	located	found	893:897	arg1	malate					919:924	the organic acid malate	902:924	the organic acid malate	902:924	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	6	16	located	found	893:897	arg2	values					881:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	5	17	dep	C	790:790	arg1	δ					783:783	δ	783:783	δ	783:783	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	6	18	theme	δ	1049:1049	arg1	C					1056:1056	δ (13) C	1049:1056	δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰)	1049:1117	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	8	19	theme	linear	1370:1375	arg1	analysis					1388:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis	1359:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis	1359:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	5	20	theme	incubation	758:767	arg1	technique					769:777	an in-tube incubation technique	747:777	an in-tube incubation technique	747:777	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	0	21	theme	dark-respired	38:50	arg1	CO2					52:54	leaf dark-respired CO2	33:54	leaf dark-respired CO2	33:54	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	1	22	theme	sources	140:146	arg1	Dissimilation					116:128	Dissimilation	116:128	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes	116:205	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	1	23	theme	plant	155:159	arg1	respiration					161:171	plant respiration	155:171	plant respiration	155:171	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	9	24	theme	enriched	1564:1571	arg1	CO2					1587:1589	(13)C enriched dark-respired CO2	1558:1589	(13)C enriched dark-respired CO2	1558:1589	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	9	25	theme	carbon	1541:1546	arg1	source					1548:1553	a key carbon source	1535:1553	a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants	1535:1606	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	9	25	theme	carbon	1541:1546	arg1	malate					1525:1530	malate	1525:1530	malate	1525:1530	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	2	26	dep	R	322:322	arg1	i.e.					308:311	i.e.	308:311	i.e.	308:311	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	0	27	theme	environmental	73:85	arg1	conditions					87:96	different environmental conditions	63:96	different environmental conditions in potato plants	63:113	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	7	28	theme	putative	1202:1209	arg1	sources					1218:1224	different putative carbon sources	1192:1224	different putative carbon sources	1192:1224	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	1	29	from	Dissimilation	116:128	arg1	support					176:182	support	176:182	support of metabolic processes	176:205	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	5	30	dep	C	738:738	arg1	δ					731:731	δ	731:731	δ	731:731	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	6	31	dep	starch	1099:1104	arg1	8.8‰					1113:1116	8.8‰	1113:1116	8.8‰	1113:1116	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	9	32	theme	dark-respired	1573:1585	arg1	CO2					1587:1589	(13)C enriched dark-respired CO2	1558:1589	(13)C enriched dark-respired CO2	1558:1589	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	2	33	theme	environmental	378:390	arg1	conditions					392:401	different environmental conditions	368:401	different environmental conditions	368:401	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	6	34	theme	highest	861:867	arg1	13					872:873	13	872:873	13	872:873	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	6	34	theme	highest	861:867	arg1	δ					869:869	The highest δ	857:869	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	3	35	theme	carbon	562:567	arg1	RS					587:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	3	35	theme	carbon	562:567	arg1	sources					569:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources	536:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	536:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	4	36	theme	different	665:673	arg1	temperature					675:685	different temperature	665:685	different temperature	665:685	Thus, we exposed potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) to different temperature and soil moisture treatments.
26139821	0	37	theme	carbon	16:21	arg1	source					23:28	a key carbon source	10:28	a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2	10:54	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	6	38	dep	8.8‰	1113:1116	arg1	to					1110:1111	to	1110:1111	to	1110:1111	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	9	39	theme	CO2	1587:1589	arg1	source					1548:1553	a key carbon source	1535:1553	a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants	1535:1606	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	9	39	theme	CO2	1587:1589	arg1	malate					1525:1530	malate	1525:1530	malate	1525:1530	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	5	40	theme	13	734:735	arg1	C					738:738	C	738:738	C	738:738	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	3	41	theme	leaf	545:548	arg1	RS					587:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	3	41	theme	leaf	545:548	arg1	sources					569:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources	536:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	536:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	6	42	theme	organic	906:912	arg1	malate					919:924	the organic acid malate	902:924	the organic acid malate	902:924	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	5	43	theme	compound-specific	800:816	arg1	analysis					826:833	compound-specific isotope analysis	800:833	compound-specific isotope analysis	800:833	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	3	44	theme	leaf	454:457	arg1	CO2					473:475	leaf dark-respired CO2	454:475	leaf dark-respired CO2	454:475	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	7	45	theme	C	1166:1166	arg1	R					1168:1168	δ (13) C R	1159:1168	δ (13) C R	1159:1168	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	1	46	theme	CO2	244:246	arg1	release					233:239	the continuous release	218:239	the continuous release of CO2	218:246	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	6	47	theme	RS	878:879	arg1	values					881:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	9	48	theme	anapleurotic	1631:1642	arg1	flux					1644:1647	an anapleurotic flux	1628:1647	an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle	1628:1693	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	2	49	theme	leaf	284:287	arg1	CO2					303:305	leaf dark-respired CO2	284:305	leaf dark-respired CO2	284:305	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	7	50	theme	δ	1159:1159	arg1	R					1168:1168	δ (13) C R	1159:1168	δ (13) C R	1159:1168	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	7	51	theme	linear	1130:1135	arg1	relationships					1137:1149	linear relationships	1130:1149	linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources	1130:1224	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	8	52	theme	carbon	1450:1455	arg1	RS					1415:1416	δ (13) C RS	1406:1416	δ (13) C RS of malate	1406:1426	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	8	52	theme	carbon	1450:1455	arg1	source					1457:1462	the most important carbon source	1431:1462	the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R	1431:1485	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	4	53	theme	soil	691:694	arg1	treatments					705:714	soil moisture treatments	691:714	soil moisture treatments	691:714	Thus, we exposed potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) to different temperature and soil moisture treatments.
26139821	7	54	theme	environmental	1333:1345	arg1	conditions					1347:1356	all environmental conditions	1329:1356	all environmental conditions	1329:1356	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	6	55	theme	different	932:940	arg1	conditions					956:965	different environmental conditions	932:965	different environmental conditions	932:965	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	9	56	theme	Krebs	1683:1687	arg1	cycle					1689:1693	the Krebs cycle	1679:1693	the Krebs cycle	1679:1693	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	2	57	theme	CO2	303:305	arg1	composition					269:279	The carbon isotopic composition	249:279	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R )	249:324	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	1	58	theme	metabolic	187:195	arg1	processes					197:205	metabolic processes	187:205	metabolic processes	187:205	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	1	59	theme	carbon	133:138	arg1	sources					140:146	carbon sources	133:146	carbon sources	133:146	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	3	60	theme	δ	526:526	arg1	C					531:531	δ(13)C	526:531	δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	526:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	7	61	dep	nighttime	1292:1300	arg1	r					1303:1303	r(2)=0.36	1303:1311	r(2)=0.36	1303:1311	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	7	61	dep	nighttime	1292:1300	arg1	P≤0.001					1314:1320	P≤0.001	1314:1320	P≤0.001	1314:1320	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	2	62	theme	carbon	253:258	arg1	composition					269:279	The carbon isotopic composition	249:279	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R )	249:324	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	5	63	theme	in-tube	750:756	arg1	technique					769:777	an in-tube incubation technique	747:777	an in-tube incubation technique	747:777	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	0	64	from	conditions	87:96	arg1	plants					108:113	potato plants	101:113	potato plants	101:113	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	0	65	theme	CO2	52:54	arg1	source					23:28	a key carbon source	10:28	a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2	10:54	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	8	66	theme	multiple	1361:1368	arg1	analysis					1388:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis	1359:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis	1359:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	4	67	dep	plants	635:640	arg1	tuberosum					651:659	Solanum tuberosum	643:659	Solanum tuberosum	643:659	Thus, we exposed potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) to different temperature and soil moisture treatments.
26139821	9	68	dep	enriched	1564:1571	arg1	C					1562:1562	(13)C	1558:1562	(13)C	1558:1562	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	6	69	theme	negative	981:988	arg1	values					990:995	less negative values	976:995	less negative values	976:995	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	6	70	theme	carbohydrates	1072:1084	arg1	RS					1058:1059	δ (13) C RS	1049:1059	δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰)	1049:1117	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	0	71	theme	different	63:71	arg1	conditions					87:96	different environmental conditions	63:96	different environmental conditions in potato plants	63:113	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	8	72	theme	regression	1377:1386	arg1	analysis					1388:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis	1359:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis	1359:1395	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	5	73	theme	C	738:738	arg1	R					740:740	δ (13) C R	731:740	δ (13) C R	731:740	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	7	74	theme	carbon	1211:1216	arg1	sources					1218:1224	different putative carbon sources	1192:1224	different putative carbon sources	1192:1224	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	8	75	theme	δ	1476:1476	arg1	R					1485:1485	δ (13) C R	1476:1485	δ (13) C R	1476:1485	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	9	76	theme	key	1537:1539	arg1	source					1548:1553	a key carbon source	1535:1553	a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants	1535:1606	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	9	76	theme	key	1537:1539	arg1	malate					1525:1530	malate	1525:1530	malate	1525:1530	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	5	77	theme	13	786:787	arg1	C					790:790	C	790:790	C	790:790	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	7	78	theme	different	1192:1200	arg1	sources					1218:1224	different putative carbon sources	1192:1224	different putative carbon sources	1192:1224	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	0	79	theme	potato	101:106	arg1	plants					108:113	potato plants	101:113	potato plants	101:113	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	7	80	dep	daytime	1259:1265	arg1	r					1268:1268	r(2)=0.69	1268:1276	r(2)=0.69	1268:1276	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	7	80	dep	daytime	1259:1265	arg1	P≤0.001					1279:1285	P≤0.001	1279:1285	P≤0.001	1279:1285	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	5	81	theme	C	790:790	arg1	RS					792:793	δ (13) C RS	783:793	δ (13) C RS	783:793	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	6	82	theme	C	876:876	arg1	values					881:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	4	83	theme	potato	628:633	arg1	plants					635:640	potato plants	628:640	potato plants (Solanum tuberosum)	628:660	Thus, we exposed potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) to different temperature and soil moisture treatments.
26139821	6	84	theme	soluble	1064:1070	arg1	carbohydrates					1072:1084	soluble carbohydrates	1064:1084	soluble carbohydrates	1064:1084	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	6	84	theme	soluble	1064:1070	arg1	starch					1099:1104	starch	1099:1104	starch	1099:1104	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	6	84	theme	soluble	1064:1070	arg1	citrate					1087:1093	citrate	1087:1093	citrate	1087:1093	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	3	85	from	changes	515:521	arg1	C					531:531	δ(13)C	526:531	δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	526:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	2	86	theme	daily	332:336	arg1	enrichments					338:348	daily enrichments	332:348	daily enrichments up to 14.8‰	332:360	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	0	87	theme	key	12:14	arg1	source					23:28	a key carbon source	10:28	a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2	10:54	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	6	88	theme	δ	869:869	arg1	values					881:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values	857:886	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	3	89	theme	respiratory	550:560	arg1	RS					587:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	3	89	theme	respiratory	550:560	arg1	sources					569:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources	536:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	536:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	2	90	theme	different	368:376	arg1	conditions					392:401	different environmental conditions	368:401	different environmental conditions	368:401	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	3	91	theme	putative	536:543	arg1	RS					587:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	3	91	theme	putative	536:543	arg1	sources					569:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources	536:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	536:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	2	92	dep	14.8‰	356:360	arg1	up					350:351	up	350:351	up	350:351	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	0	93	theme	leaf	33:36	arg1	CO2					52:54	leaf dark-respired CO2	33:54	leaf dark-respired CO2	33:54	Malate as a key carbon source of leaf dark-respired CO2 across different environmental conditions in potato plants.
26139821	7	94	theme	C	1181:1181	arg1	RS					1183:1184	δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS	1159:1184	δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS	1159:1184	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	5	95	theme	daily	844:848	arg1	cycle					850:854	a daily cycle	842:854	a daily cycle	842:854	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	6	96	theme	acid	914:917	arg1	malate					919:924	the organic acid malate	902:924	the organic acid malate	902:924	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	9	97	theme	potato	1594:1599	arg1	plants					1601:1606	potato plants	1594:1606	potato plants	1594:1606	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	3	98	theme	C	438:438	arg1	enrichment					440:449	this (13)C enrichment	429:449	this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2	429:475	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	8	99	theme	C	1413:1413	arg1	source					1457:1462	the most important carbon source	1431:1462	the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R	1431:1485	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	8	99	theme	C	1413:1413	arg1	RS					1415:1416	δ (13) C RS	1406:1416	δ (13) C RS of malate	1406:1426	A multiple linear regression analysis revealed δ (13) C RS of malate as the most important carbon source influencing δ (13) C R .
26139821	3	100	theme	sources	569:575	arg1	C					531:531	δ(13)C	526:531	δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	526:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	2	101	theme	δ	313:313	arg1	R					322:322	δ (13) C R	313:322	δ (13) C R	313:322	The carbon isotopic composition of leaf dark-respired CO2 (i.e. δ (13) C R ) shows daily enrichments up to 14.8‰ under different environmental conditions.
26139821	1	102	theme	continuous	222:231	arg1	release					233:239	the continuous release	218:239	the continuous release of CO2	218:246	Dissimilation of carbon sources during plant respiration in support of metabolic processes results in the continuous release of CO2.
26139821	6	103	dep	R	1018:1018	arg1	5.2‰					1027:1030	5.2‰	1027:1030	5.2‰	1027:1030	The highest δ (13) C RS values were found in the organic acid malate under different environmental conditions, showing less negative values compared to δ (13) C R (up to 5.2‰) and compared to δ (13) C RS of soluble carbohydrates, citrate and starch (up to 8.8‰).
26139821	7	104	theme	δ	1174:1174	arg1	C					1181:1181	δ (13) C	1174:1181	δ (13) C	1174:1181	Moreover, linear relationships between δ (13) C R and δ (13) C RS among different putative carbon sources were strongest for malate during daytime (r(2)=0.69, P≤0.001) and nighttime (r(2)=0.36, P≤0.001) under all environmental conditions.
26139821	5	105	theme	isotope	818:824	arg1	analysis					826:833	compound-specific isotope analysis	800:833	compound-specific isotope analysis	800:833	We determined δ (13) C R with an in-tube incubation technique and δ (13) C RS with compound-specific isotope analysis during a daily cycle.
26139821	9	106	from	source	1548:1553	arg1	plants					1601:1606	potato plants	1594:1606	potato plants	1594:1606	Thus, our results strongly indicate malate as a key carbon source of (13)C enriched dark-respired CO2 in potato plants, probably driven by an anapleurotic flux replenishing intermediates of the Krebs cycle.
26139821	3	107	theme	C	585:585	arg1	RS					587:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	δ (13) C RS	578:588	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	3	107	theme	C	585:585	arg1	sources					569:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources	536:575	putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS )	536:590	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
26139821	3	108	theme	dark-respired	459:471	arg1	CO2					473:475	leaf dark-respired CO2	454:475	leaf dark-respired CO2	454:475	However, the reasons for this (13)C enrichment in leaf dark-respired CO2 are not fully understood, since daily changes in δ(13)C of putative leaf respiratory carbon sources (δ (13) C RS ) are not yet clear.
28143743	4	0	theme	shorter	1038:1044	arg1	chains					1054:1059	shorter amylose chains	1038:1059	shorter amylose chains	1038:1059	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	1	1	theme	normal	405:410	arg1	conditions					465:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	5	2	theme	onset	1202:1206	arg1	temperatures					1245:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	3	3	theme	lighting	702:709	arg1	regimes					711:717	the different lighting regimes	688:717	the different lighting regimes	688:717	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	5	4	theme	peak	1209:1212	arg1	temperatures					1245:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	6	5	theme	granule	1553:1559	arg1	robustness					1561:1570	starch granule robustness	1546:1570	starch granule robustness against environmental cues	1546:1597	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	1	6	from	properties	281:290	arg1	plants					365:370	plants	365:370	plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	365:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	7	theme	diurnal	173:179	arg1	activity					196:203	diurnal photosynthetic activity	173:203	diurnal photosynthetic activity	173:203	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	4	8	theme	constant	1094:1101	arg1	light					1103:1107	constant light	1094:1107	constant light	1094:1107	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	1	9	theme	granules	351:358	arg1	crystallinity					247:259	crystallinity	247:259	crystallinity	247:259	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	9	theme	granules	351:358	arg1	morphology					212:221	the morphology	208:221	the morphology	208:221	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	9	theme	granules	351:358	arg1	composition					234:244	molecular composition	224:244	molecular composition	224:244	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	9	theme	granules	351:358	arg1	properties					281:290	gelatinization properties	266:290	gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	266:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	10	theme	activity	196:203	arg1	influence					160:168	the influence	156:168	the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	156:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	11	from	crystallinity	247:259	arg1	plants					365:370	plants	365:370	plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	365:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	3	12	theme	greater	731:737	arg1	crystallinity					748:760	a greater relative crystallinity	729:760	a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry	729:879	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	1	13	from	composition	234:244	arg1	plants					365:370	plants	365:370	plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	365:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	5	14	theme	grown	1285:1289	arg1	NBS					1291:1293	diurnally grown NBS	1275:1293	diurnally grown NBS	1275:1293	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	3	15	theme	X-ray	785:789	arg1	scattering					791:800	wide-angle X-ray scattering	774:800	wide-angle X-ray scattering	774:800	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	3	16	theme	debranched	596:605	arg1	WBS					607:609	whole and debranched WBS	586:609	whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography	586:651	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	3	17	theme	whole	586:590	arg1	WBS					607:609	whole and debranched WBS	586:609	whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography	586:651	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	4	18	theme	lower	1003:1007	arg1	content					1017:1023	lower amylose content	1003:1023	lower amylose content (18.7%)	1003:1031	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	4	18	theme	lower	1003:1007	arg1	%					1030:1030	18.7%	1026:1030	18.7%	1026:1030	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	3	19	theme	crystalline	814:824	arg1	quality					826:832	greater crystalline quality	806:832	greater crystalline quality	806:832	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	1	20	theme	waxy	326:329	arg1	granules					351:358	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	granules	351:358	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	3	21	theme	scanning	860:867	arg1	calorimetry					869:879	differential scanning calorimetry	847:879	differential scanning calorimetry	847:879	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	0	22	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	properties					87:96	thermal properties	79:96	thermal properties	79:96	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	0	22	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	structure					64:72	structure	64:72	structure	64:72	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	0	22	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	morphology					52:61	morphology	52:61	morphology	52:61	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	0	23	theme	thermal	79:85	arg1	properties					87:96	thermal properties	79:96	thermal properties	79:96	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	1	24	theme	starch	338:343	arg1	granules					351:358	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	granules	351:358	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	3	25	theme	diurnal	904:910	arg1	regime					921:926	the diurnal lighting regime	900:926	the diurnal lighting regime	900:926	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	4	26	theme	photosynthetic	962:975	arg1	regime					986:991	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	950:991	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	950:991	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	1	27	theme	WBS	346:348	arg1	granules					351:358	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	granules	351:358	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	6	28	theme	amylose-free	1446:1457	arg1	starch					1466:1471	amylose-free barley starch	1446:1471	amylose-free barley starch	1446:1471	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	1	29	theme	gelatinization	266:279	arg1	properties					281:290	gelatinization properties	266:290	gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	266:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	5	30	theme	constant	1307:1314	arg1	conditions					1322:1331	constant light conditions	1307:1331	constant light conditions	1307:1331	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	0	31	theme	diurnal	13:19	arg1	activity					36:43	diurnal photosynthetic activity	13:43	diurnal photosynthetic activity	13:43	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	3	32	theme	gel-permeation	623:636	arg1	chromatography					638:651	gel-permeation chromatography	623:651	gel-permeation chromatography	623:651	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	0	33	theme	activity	36:43	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.	0:130	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	1	34	theme	barley	302:307	arg1	starch					309:314	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	starch	309:314	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	34	theme	barley	302:307	arg1	NBS					317:319	NBS	317:319	NBS	317:319	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	6	35	theme	photosynthetic	1410:1423	arg1	regime					1434:1439	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	1398:1439	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch	1398:1471	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	5	36	theme	NBS	1149:1151	arg1	crystallinity					1132:1144	the relative crystallinity	1119:1144	the relative crystallinity of NBS	1119:1151	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	1	37	theme	photosynthetic	450:463	arg1	conditions					465:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	5	38	theme	completion	1219:1228	arg1	temperatures					1245:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	3	39	theme	wide-angle	774:783	arg1	scattering					791:800	wide-angle X-ray scattering	774:800	wide-angle X-ray scattering	774:800	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	4	40	theme	amylose	1046:1052	arg1	chains					1054:1059	shorter amylose chains	1038:1059	shorter amylose chains	1038:1059	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	5	41	theme	lower	1196:1200	arg1	temperatures					1245:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	1	42	theme	diurnal	412:418	arg1	conditions					465:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	6	43	theme	environmental	1580:1592	arg1	cues					1594:1597	environmental cues	1580:1597	environmental cues	1580:1597	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	1	44	theme	16h	421:423	arg1	light					425:429	16h light	421:429	16h light	421:429	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	3	45	theme	different	692:700	arg1	regimes					711:717	the different lighting regimes	688:717	the different lighting regimes	688:717	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	6	46	theme	starch	1546:1551	arg1	robustness					1561:1570	starch granule robustness	1546:1570	starch granule robustness against environmental cues	1546:1597	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	0	47	theme	waxy	112:115	arg1	starch					124:129	normal and waxy barley starch	101:129	normal and waxy barley starch	101:129	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	1	48	theme	constant	435:442	arg1	conditions					465:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	49	theme	photosynthetic	181:194	arg1	activity					196:203	diurnal photosynthetic activity	173:203	diurnal photosynthetic activity	173:203	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	2	50	theme	starch	511:516	arg1	samples					518:524	all starch samples	507:524	all starch samples	507:524	Growth rings were observed in all starch samples regardless of lighting conditions.
28143743	0	51	theme	starch	124:129	arg1	properties					87:96	thermal properties	79:96	thermal properties	79:96	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	0	51	theme	starch	124:129	arg1	structure					64:72	structure	64:72	structure	64:72	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	0	51	theme	starch	124:129	arg1	morphology					52:61	morphology	52:61	morphology	52:61	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	3	52	theme	size	565:568	arg1	distribution					570:581	The size distribution	561:581	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography	561:651	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	6	53	theme	structural	1513:1522	arg1	disorder					1524:1531	structural disorder	1513:1531	structural disorder	1513:1531	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	3	54	dep	scattering	791:800	arg1	judged					837:842	judged	837:842	judged by differential scanning calorimetry	837:879	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	2	55	theme	lighting	540:547	arg1	conditions					549:558	lighting conditions	540:558	lighting conditions	540:558	Growth rings were observed in all starch samples regardless of lighting conditions.
28143743	3	56	theme	relative	739:746	arg1	crystallinity					748:760	a greater relative crystallinity	729:760	a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry	729:879	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	1	57	from	morphology	212:221	arg1	plants					365:370	plants	365:370	plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	365:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	3	58	theme	differential	847:858	arg1	calorimetry					869:879	differential scanning calorimetry	847:879	differential scanning calorimetry	847:879	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	1	59	dep	diurnal	412:418	arg1	light					425:429	16h light	421:429	16h light	421:429	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	4	60	theme	lighting	977:984	arg1	regime					986:991	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	950:991	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	950:991	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	6	61	theme	barley	1362:1367	arg1	starch					1369:1374	normal barley starch	1355:1374	normal barley starch	1355:1374	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	5	62	theme	relative	1123:1130	arg1	crystallinity					1132:1144	the relative crystallinity	1119:1144	the relative crystallinity of NBS	1119:1151	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	1	63	from	influence	160:168	arg1	crystallinity					247:259	crystallinity	247:259	crystallinity	247:259	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	63	from	influence	160:168	arg1	morphology					212:221	the morphology	208:221	the morphology	208:221	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	63	from	influence	160:168	arg1	composition					234:244	molecular composition	224:244	molecular composition	224:244	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	63	from	influence	160:168	arg1	properties					281:290	gelatinization properties	266:290	gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	266:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	starch					309:314	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	starch	309:314	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	morphology					212:221	the morphology	208:221	the morphology	208:221	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	NBS					317:319	NBS	317:319	NBS	317:319	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	composition					234:244	molecular composition	224:244	molecular composition	224:244	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	properties					281:290	gelatinization properties	266:290	gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	266:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	crystallinity					247:259	crystallinity	247:259	crystallinity	247:259	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	64	from	plants	365:370	arg1	granules					351:358	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	granules	351:358	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	65	theme	barley	331:336	arg1	granules					351:358	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	granules	351:358	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	3	66	theme	greater	806:812	arg1	quality					826:832	greater crystalline quality	806:832	greater crystalline quality	806:832	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	6	67	theme	normal	1355:1360	arg1	starch					1369:1374	normal barley starch	1355:1374	normal barley starch	1355:1374	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	3	68	theme	lighting	912:919	arg1	regime					921:926	the diurnal lighting regime	900:926	the diurnal lighting regime	900:926	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	2	69	theme	Growth	477:482	arg1	rings					484:488	Growth rings	477:488	Growth rings	477:488	Growth rings were observed in all starch samples regardless of lighting conditions.
28143743	0	70	theme	normal	101:106	arg1	starch					124:129	normal and waxy barley starch	101:129	normal and waxy barley starch	101:129	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	6	71	theme	barley	1459:1464	arg1	starch					1466:1471	amylose-free barley starch	1446:1471	amylose-free barley starch	1446:1471	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	5	72	located	observed	1263:1270	arg2	temperatures					1245:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	5	72	located	observed	1263:1270	arg1	NBS					1291:1293	diurnally grown NBS	1275:1293	diurnally grown NBS	1275:1293	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	0	73	theme	photosynthetic	21:34	arg1	activity					36:43	diurnal photosynthetic activity	13:43	diurnal photosynthetic activity	13:43	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	5	74	theme	lighting	1175:1182	arg1	conditions					1184:1193	lighting conditions	1175:1193	lighting conditions	1175:1193	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	5	75	theme	light	1316:1320	arg1	conditions					1322:1331	constant light conditions	1307:1331	constant light conditions	1307:1331	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
28143743	6	76	theme	lighting	1425:1432	arg1	regime					1434:1439	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	1398:1439	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch	1398:1471	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	1	77	theme	normal	295:300	arg1	starch					309:314	normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules	295:358	starch	309:314	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	77	theme	normal	295:300	arg1	NBS					317:319	NBS	317:319	NBS	317:319	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	0	78	dep	morphology	52:61	arg1	the					48:50	the	48:50	the	48:50	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	4	79	theme	amylose	1009:1015	arg1	content					1017:1023	lower amylose content	1003:1023	lower amylose content (18.7%)	1003:1031	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	4	79	theme	amylose	1009:1015	arg1	%					1030:1030	18.7%	1026:1030	18.7%	1026:1030	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	3	80	theme	WBS	607:609	arg1	distribution					570:581	The size distribution	561:581	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography	561:651	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	1	81	theme	molecular	224:232	arg1	composition					234:244	molecular composition	224:244	molecular composition	224:244	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	82	theme	light	444:448	arg1	conditions					465:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	405:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	4	83	theme	diurnal	954:960	arg1	regime					986:991	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	950:991	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	950:991	NBS cultivated under the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime displayed lower amylose content (18.7%), and shorter amylose chains than its counterpart grown under constant light.
28143743	6	84	theme	diurnal	1402:1408	arg1	regime					1434:1439	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime	1398:1439	the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch	1398:1471	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	1	85	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	crystallinity					247:259	crystallinity	247:259	crystallinity	247:259	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	85	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	morphology					212:221	the morphology	208:221	the morphology	208:221	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	85	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	composition					234:244	molecular composition	224:244	molecular composition	224:244	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	1	85	theme	starch	309:314	arg1	properties					281:290	gelatinization properties	266:290	gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions	266:474	This study investigated the influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, molecular composition, crystallinity, and gelatinization properties of normal barley starch (NBS) and waxy barley starch (WBS) granules from plants cultivated in a greenhouse under normal diurnal (16h light) or constant light photosynthetic conditions.
28143743	2	86	located	observed	495:502	arg2	rings					484:488	Growth rings	477:488	Growth rings	477:488	Growth rings were observed in all starch samples regardless of lighting conditions.
28143743	2	86	located	observed	495:502	arg1	samples					518:524	all starch samples	507:524	all starch samples	507:524	Growth rings were observed in all starch samples regardless of lighting conditions.
28143743	0	87	theme	barley	117:122	arg1	starch					124:129	normal and waxy barley starch	101:129	normal and waxy barley starch	101:129	Influence of diurnal photosynthetic activity on the morphology, structure, and thermal properties of normal and waxy barley starch.
28143743	3	88	dep	regimes	711:717	arg1	observed					885:892	observed	885:892	was observed under the diurnal lighting regime	881:926	The size distribution of whole and debranched WBS analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography did not appear to be influenced by the different lighting regimes, however, a greater relative crystallinity measured by wide-angle X-ray scattering and greater crystalline quality as judged by differential scanning calorimetry was observed under the diurnal lighting regime.
28143743	6	89	theme	amylose	1494:1500	arg1	role					1486:1489	a role	1484:1489	a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues	1484:1597	It is concluded that normal barley starch is less influenced by the diurnal photosynthetic lighting regime than amylose-free barley starch suggesting a role of amylose to prevent structural disorder and increase starch granule robustness against environmental cues.
28143743	5	90	theme	gelatinization	1230:1243	arg1	temperatures					1245:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures	1196:1256	Although the relative crystallinity of NBS was not influenced by lighting conditions, lower onset, peak, and completion gelatinization temperatures were observed in diurnally grown NBS compared to constant light conditions.
27320674	5	0	theme	globule	783:789	arg1	size					791:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	1	1	theme	Physical	133:140	arg1	properties					142:151	Physical properties	133:151	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders	133:180	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders depend on their composition and physical characteristics.
27320674	6	2	theme	relative	912:919	arg1	humidity					921:928	higher relative humidity	905:928	higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula	905:951	Lactose crystallization in powders occurred at higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula.
27320674	7	3	theme	monolayer	1043:1051	arg1	moisture					1053:1060	increased monolayer moisture	1033:1060	increased monolayer moisture	1033:1060	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation, fitted to sorption isotherms, showed increased monolayer moisture when intact protein was present.
27320674	8	4	theme	water	1165:1169	arg1	content					1171:1177	water content	1165:1177	water content	1165:1177	As expected, glass transition decreased significantly with increasing water content.
27320674	2	5	theme	dried	350:354	arg1	formula					369:375	dried model infant formula	350:375	dried model infant formula	350:375	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	6	6	theme	higher	905:910	arg1	humidity					921:928	higher relative humidity	905:928	higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula	905:951	Lactose crystallization in powders occurred at higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula.
27320674	0	7	theme	glass	77:81	arg1	temperature					94:104	glass transition temperature	77:104	glass transition temperature of a model infant formula	77:130	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	sorption					63:70	water sorption	57:70	water sorption	57:70	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	morphology					45:54	surface morphology	37:54	surface morphology	37:54	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	8	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	temperature					94:104	glass transition temperature	77:104	glass transition temperature of a model infant formula	77:130	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	7	9	theme	increased	1033:1041	arg1	moisture					1053:1060	increased monolayer moisture	1033:1060	increased monolayer moisture	1033:1060	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation, fitted to sorption isotherms, showed increased monolayer moisture when intact protein was present.
27320674	2	10	theme	whey	289:292	arg1	protein					294:300	hydrolyzed whey protein	278:300	hydrolyzed whey protein	278:300	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	5	11	with	powders	715:721	arg1	protein					744:750	hydrolyzed whey protein	728:750	hydrolyzed whey protein	728:750	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	9	12	theme	altered	1251:1257	arg1	morphology					1283:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	2	13	theme	hydrolyzed	278:287	arg1	protein					294:300	hydrolyzed whey protein	278:300	hydrolyzed whey protein	278:300	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	2	14	theme	model	356:360	arg1	formula					369:375	dried model infant formula	350:375	dried model infant formula	350:375	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	4	15	theme	apparent	538:545	arg1	viscosities					547:557	apparent viscosities	538:557	apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1)	538:612	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	9	16	theme	powder	1259:1264	arg1	morphology					1283:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	5	17	theme	whey	739:742	arg1	protein					744:750	hydrolyzed whey protein	728:750	hydrolyzed whey protein	728:750	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	4	18	from	rate	596:599	arg1	viscosities					547:557	apparent viscosities	538:557	apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1)	538:612	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	4	19	theme	shear	590:594	arg1	rate					596:599	a shear rate	588:599	a shear rate of 500 s(-1)	588:612	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	0	20	theme	transition	83:92	arg1	temperature					94:104	glass transition temperature	77:104	glass transition temperature of a model infant formula	77:130	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	5	21	theme	lower	800:804	arg1	stability					815:823	lower emulsion stability	800:823	lower emulsion stability	800:823	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	5	22	contain	had	752:754	arg2	stability					815:823	lower emulsion stability	800:823	lower emulsion stability	800:823	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	5	22	contain	had	752:754	arg1	powders					715:721	powders	715:721	powders with hydrolyzed whey protein	715:750	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	5	22	contain	had	752:754	arg2	size					791:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	3	23	theme	hydrolysis	501:510	arg1	DH=degree					488:496	DH=degree	488:496	DH=degree	488:496	Model infant formulas were produced containing either intact (DH 0) or hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein, where DH=degree of hydrolysis (%).
27320674	1	24	theme	spray-dried	156:166	arg1	powders					174:180	spray-dried dairy powders	156:180	spray-dried dairy powders	156:180	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders depend on their composition and physical characteristics.
27320674	3	25	theme	infant	384:389	arg1	formulas					391:398	Model infant formulas	378:398	Model infant formulas	378:398	Model infant formulas were produced containing either intact (DH 0) or hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein, where DH=degree of hydrolysis (%).
27320674	9	26	theme	surface	1275:1281	arg1	morphology					1283:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	7	27	theme	sorption	1006:1013	arg1	isotherms					1015:1023	sorption isotherms	1006:1023	sorption isotherms	1006:1023	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation, fitted to sorption isotherms, showed increased monolayer moisture when intact protein was present.
27320674	5	28	theme	whey	837:840	arg1	powder					850:855	intact whey protein powder	830:855	intact whey protein powder	830:855	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	7	29	theme	Boer	981:984	arg1	equation					986:993	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation	954:993	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation	954:993	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation, fitted to sorption isotherms, showed increased monolayer moisture when intact protein was present.
27320674	1	30	theme	dairy	168:172	arg1	powders					174:180	spray-dried dairy powders	156:180	spray-dried dairy powders	156:180	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders depend on their composition and physical characteristics.
27320674	8	31	theme	glass	1108:1112	arg1	transition					1114:1123	glass transition	1108:1123	glass transition	1108:1123	As expected, glass transition decreased significantly with increasing water content.
27320674	5	32	theme	protein	842:848	arg1	powder					850:855	intact whey protein powder	830:855	intact whey protein powder	830:855	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	1	33	theme	powders	174:180	arg1	properties					142:151	Physical properties	133:151	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders	133:180	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders depend on their composition and physical characteristics.
27320674	0	34	theme	whey	21:24	arg1	protein					26:32	hydrolyzed whey protein	10:32	hydrolyzed whey protein	10:32	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	6	35	from	crystallization	866:880	arg1	powders					885:891	powders	885:891	powders	885:891	Lactose crystallization in powders occurred at higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula.
27320674	4	36	theme	intact	643:648	arg1	formulas					672:679	intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas	643:679	intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas	643:679	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	2	37	dep	microstructure	309:322	arg1	the					305:307	the	305:307	the	305:307	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	3	38	theme	hydrolyzed	449:458	arg1	protein					473:479	hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein	449:479	hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein	449:479	Model infant formulas were produced containing either intact (DH 0) or hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein, where DH=degree of hydrolysis (%).
27320674	0	39	theme	hydrolyzed	10:19	arg1	protein					26:32	hydrolyzed whey protein	10:32	hydrolyzed whey protein	10:32	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	4	40	theme	spray	524:528	arg1	drying					530:535	spray drying	524:535	spray drying	524:535	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	2	41	theme	protein	294:300	arg1	effect					268:273	the effect	264:273	the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula	264:375	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	4	42	from	55°C	579:582	arg1	liquid					562:567	liquid	562:567	liquid	562:567	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	4	42	from	55°C	579:582	arg1	viscosities					547:557	apparent viscosities	538:557	apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1)	538:612	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	4	43	theme	s	608:608	arg1	rate					596:599	a shear rate	588:599	a shear rate of 500 s(-1)	588:612	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	6	44	theme	Lactose	858:864	arg1	crystallization					866:880	Lactose crystallization	858:880	Lactose crystallization in powders	858:891	Lactose crystallization in powders occurred at higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula.
27320674	0	45	theme	infant	117:122	arg1	formula					124:130	a model infant formula	109:130	a model infant formula	109:130	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	9	46	theme	Partial	1180:1186	arg1	hydrolysis					1188:1197	Partial hydrolysis	1180:1197	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula	1180:1237	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	9	47	from	hydrolysis	1188:1197	arg1	formula					1231:1237	model infant formula	1218:1237	model infant formula	1218:1237	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	5	48	theme	fat	779:781	arg1	size					791:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	5	49	theme	higher	772:777	arg1	size					791:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	a significantly higher fat globule size	756:794	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	0	50	theme	protein	26:32	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.	0:131	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	51	theme	model	111:115	arg1	formula					124:130	a model infant formula	109:130	a model infant formula	109:130	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	7	52	theme	intact	1067:1072	arg1	protein					1074:1080	intact protein	1067:1080	intact protein	1067:1080	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation, fitted to sorption isotherms, showed increased monolayer moisture when intact protein was present.
27320674	4	53	from	viscosities	547:557	arg1	55°C					579:582	55°C	579:582	55°C	579:582	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	7	54	theme	Guggenheim-Anderson-de	958:979	arg1	equation					986:993	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation	954:993	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation	954:993	The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer equation, fitted to sorption isotherms, showed increased monolayer moisture when intact protein was present.
27320674	9	55	theme	particle	1266:1273	arg1	morphology					1283:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	altered powder particle surface morphology	1251:1292	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	5	56	theme	emulsion	806:813	arg1	stability					815:823	lower emulsion stability	800:823	lower emulsion stability	800:823	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	0	57	theme	surface	37:43	arg1	morphology					45:54	surface morphology	37:54	surface morphology	37:54	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	58	theme	formula	124:130	arg1	sorption					63:70	water sorption	57:70	water sorption	57:70	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	58	theme	formula	124:130	arg1	temperature					94:104	glass transition temperature	77:104	glass transition temperature of a model infant formula	77:130	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	0	58	theme	formula	124:130	arg1	morphology					45:54	surface morphology	37:54	surface morphology	37:54	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	9	59	theme	whey	1202:1205	arg1	protein					1207:1213	whey protein	1202:1213	whey protein	1202:1213	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	3	60	theme	whey	468:471	arg1	protein					473:479	hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein	449:479	hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein	449:479	Model infant formulas were produced containing either intact (DH 0) or hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein, where DH=degree of hydrolysis (%).
27320674	9	61	theme	storage	1335:1341	arg1	stability					1343:1351	storage stability	1335:1351	storage stability	1335:1351	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	9	62	theme	lactose	1295:1301	arg1	properties					1319:1328	lactose crystallization properties	1295:1328	lactose crystallization properties	1295:1328	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	9	63	theme	protein	1207:1213	arg1	hydrolysis					1188:1197	Partial hydrolysis	1180:1197	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula	1180:1237	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	9	64	theme	crystallization	1303:1317	arg1	properties					1319:1328	lactose crystallization properties	1295:1328	lactose crystallization properties	1295:1328	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	6	65	theme	hydrolyzed	934:943	arg1	formula					945:951	hydrolyzed formula	934:951	hydrolyzed formula	934:951	Lactose crystallization in powders occurred at higher relative humidity for hydrolyzed formula.
27320674	2	66	theme	physical	328:335	arg1	stability					337:345	physical stability	328:345	physical stability	328:345	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	2	67	from	effect	268:273	arg1	stability					337:345	physical stability	328:345	physical stability	328:345	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	2	67	from	effect	268:273	arg1	microstructure					309:322	microstructure	309:322	microstructure	309:322	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	4	68	theme	liquid	562:567	arg1	viscosities					547:557	apparent viscosities	538:557	apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1)	538:612	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	4	69	theme	infant	665:670	arg1	formulas					672:679	intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas	643:679	intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas	643:679	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	4	70	dep	liquid	562:567	arg1	feeds					569:573	feeds	569:573	feeds	569:573	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	4	71	theme	hydrolyzed	654:663	arg1	formulas					672:679	intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas	643:679	intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas	643:679	Before spray drying, apparent viscosities of liquid feeds (at 55°C) at a shear rate of 500 s(-1) were 3.02 and 3.85 mPa·s for intact and hydrolyzed infant formulas, respectively.
27320674	5	72	theme	intact	830:835	arg1	powder					850:855	intact whey protein powder	830:855	intact whey protein powder	830:855	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	1	73	theme	physical	214:221	arg1	characteristics					223:237	physical characteristics	214:237	physical characteristics	214:237	Physical properties of spray-dried dairy powders depend on their composition and physical characteristics.
27320674	0	74	theme	water	57:61	arg1	sorption					63:70	water sorption	57:70	water sorption	57:70	Effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on surface morphology, water sorption, and glass transition temperature of a model infant formula.
27320674	9	75	theme	model	1218:1222	arg1	formula					1231:1237	model infant formula	1218:1237	model infant formula	1218:1237	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	3	76	dep	hydrolyzed	449:458	arg1	DH					461:462	DH 12	461:465	DH 12	461:465	Model infant formulas were produced containing either intact (DH 0) or hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein, where DH=degree of hydrolysis (%).
27320674	5	77	theme	hydrolyzed	728:737	arg1	protein					744:750	hydrolyzed whey protein	728:750	hydrolyzed whey protein	728:750	On reconstitution, powders with hydrolyzed whey protein had a significantly higher fat globule size and lower emulsion stability than intact whey protein powder.
27320674	2	78	theme	formula	369:375	arg1	stability					337:345	physical stability	328:345	physical stability	328:345	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	2	78	theme	formula	369:375	arg1	microstructure					309:322	microstructure	309:322	microstructure	309:322	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
27320674	9	79	theme	infant	1224:1229	arg1	formula					1231:1237	model infant formula	1218:1237	model infant formula	1218:1237	Partial hydrolysis of whey protein in model infant formula resulted in altered powder particle surface morphology, lactose crystallization properties, and storage stability.
27320674	3	80	theme	Model	378:382	arg1	formulas					391:398	Model infant formulas	378:398	Model infant formulas	378:398	Model infant formulas were produced containing either intact (DH 0) or hydrolyzed (DH 12) whey protein, where DH=degree of hydrolysis (%).
27320674	2	81	theme	infant	362:367	arg1	formula					369:375	dried model infant formula	350:375	dried model infant formula	350:375	This study investigated the effect of hydrolyzed whey protein on the microstructure and physical stability of dried model infant formula.
25684555	9	0	theme	resolution	1053:1062	arg1	process					1029:1035	the process	1025:1035	the process of inflammation resolution	1025:1062	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	9	0	theme	resolution	1053:1062	arg1	extent					997:1002	the extent	993:1002	the extent of angiogenesis	993:1018	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	9	0	theme	resolution	1053:1062	arg1	levels					969:974	levels	969:974	levels of inflammation	969:990	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	6	1	contain	have	660:663	arg2	roles					675:679	important roles	665:679	important roles	665:679	Both active and inactive chitinases have important roles in the immune response.
25684555	6	1	contain	have	660:663	arg1	chitinases					649:658	Both active and inactive chitinases	624:658	Both active and inactive chitinases	624:658	Both active and inactive chitinases have important roles in the immune response.
25684555	14	2	from	effect	1464:1469	arg1	levels					1478:1483	the levels	1474:1483	the levels of YKL-40	1474:1493	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	8	3	theme	negative	845:852	arg1	regulator					854:862	a negative regulator	843:862	a negative regulator of the inflammasome	843:882	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	8	3	theme	negative	845:852	arg1	YKL-40					828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	12	4	from	effect	1282:1287	arg1	secretion					1296:1304	the secretion	1292:1304	the secretion of the active chitinase Chit-1	1292:1335	No effect on the secretion of the active chitinase Chit-1 was detected.
25684555	0	5	theme	human	74:78	arg1	macrophages					80:90	human macrophages	74:90	human macrophages	74:90	Chitosan leads to downregulation of YKL-40 and inflammasome activation in human macrophages.
25684555	9	6	theme	angiogenesis	1007:1018	arg1	process					1029:1035	the process	1025:1035	the process of inflammation resolution	1025:1062	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	9	6	theme	angiogenesis	1007:1018	arg1	extent					997:1002	the extent	993:1002	the extent of angiogenesis	993:1018	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	9	6	theme	angiogenesis	1007:1018	arg1	levels					969:974	levels	969:974	levels of inflammation	969:990	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	11	7	with	pronounced	1235:1244	arg1	ChOS					1273:1276	a highly deacetylated ChOS	1251:1276	a highly deacetylated ChOS	1251:1276	This was most pronounced with a highly deacetylated ChOS.
25684555	14	8	theme	YKL-40	1488:1493	arg1	levels					1478:1483	the levels	1474:1483	the levels of YKL-40	1474:1493	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	10	9	theme	inflammasome	1196:1207	arg1	activation					1209:1218	inflammasome activation	1196:1218	inflammasome activation	1196:1218	This study shows that chitosan leads to reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages and that this is concomitant with inflammasome activation.
25684555	2	10	located	found	197:201	arg1	pathogens					206:214	pathogens	206:214	pathogens	206:214	It is also found on pathogens and can be proinflammatory.
25684555	2	10	located	found	197:201	arg2	It					186:187	It	186:187	It	186:187	It is also found on pathogens and can be proinflammatory.
25684555	12	11	theme	chitinase	1320:1328	arg1	Chit-1					1330:1335	the active chitinase Chit-1	1309:1335	the active chitinase Chit-1	1309:1335	No effect on the secretion of the active chitinase Chit-1 was detected.
25684555	8	12	theme	inflammasome	871:882	arg1	regulator					854:862	a negative regulator	843:862	a negative regulator of the inflammasome	843:882	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	8	12	theme	inflammasome	871:882	arg1	YKL-40					828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	5	13	theme	inactive	575:582	arg1	chitinases					584:593	inactive chitinases	575:593	inactive chitinases	575:593	Active human chitinases can cleave chitin and chitosan, while inactive chitinases bind both but do not cleave.
25684555	1	14	used	used	145:148	arg2	biomaterial					153:163	biomaterial	153:163	biomaterial	153:163	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	1	14	used	used	145:148	arg2	Chitosan					93:100	Chitosan	93:100	Chitosan	93:100	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	1	14	used	used	145:148	arg2	derivative					120:129	the deacetylated derivative	103:129	the deacetylated derivative of chitin	103:139	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	7	15	theme	prognosis	817:825	arg1	marker					802:807	a marker	800:807	a marker of poor prognosis	800:825	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
25684555	7	15	theme	prognosis	817:825	arg1	YKL-40					728:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40	705:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40	705:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
25684555	10	16	theme	human	1144:1148	arg1	macrophages					1150:1160	primary human macrophages	1136:1160	primary human macrophages	1136:1160	This study shows that chitosan leads to reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages and that this is concomitant with inflammasome activation.
25684555	11	17	theme	deacetylated	1260:1271	arg1	ChOS					1273:1276	a highly deacetylated ChOS	1251:1276	a highly deacetylated ChOS	1251:1276	This was most pronounced with a highly deacetylated ChOS.
25684555	4	18	theme	chemical	382:389	arg1	composition					391:401	the chemical composition	378:401	the chemical composition	378:401	There is variation in the chemical composition of ChOS, including size distribution, but in general, they have been described as inert or anti-inflammatory.
25684555	14	19	theme	derivatives	1559:1569	arg1	mechanisms					1528:1537	the proinflammatory mechanisms	1508:1537	the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives	1508:1569	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	6	20	theme	important	665:673	arg1	roles					675:679	important roles	665:679	important roles	665:679	Both active and inactive chitinases have important roles in the immune response.
25684555	13	21	theme	acetylated	1368:1377	arg1	ChOS					1379:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS	1351:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS	1351:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS did not affect YKL-40 levels nor inflammasome activation.
25684555	4	22	from	variation	365:373	arg1	composition					391:401	the chemical composition	378:401	the chemical composition	378:401	There is variation in the chemical composition of ChOS, including size distribution, but in general, they have been described as inert or anti-inflammatory.
25684555	7	23	theme	poor	812:815	arg1	prognosis					817:825	poor prognosis	812:825	poor prognosis	812:825	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
25684555	1	24	theme	diverse	168:174	arg1	settings					176:183	diverse settings	168:183	diverse settings	168:183	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	12	25	theme	active	1313:1318	arg1	Chit-1					1330:1335	the active chitinase Chit-1	1309:1335	the active chitinase Chit-1	1309:1335	No effect on the secretion of the active chitinase Chit-1 was detected.
25684555	9	26	theme	inflammation	1040:1051	arg1	resolution					1053:1062	inflammation resolution	1040:1062	inflammation resolution	1040:1062	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	6	27	theme	inactive	640:647	arg1	chitinases					649:658	Both active and inactive chitinases	624:658	Both active and inactive chitinases	624:658	Both active and inactive chitinases have important roles in the immune response.
25684555	9	28	theme	YKL-40	939:944	arg1	Levels					929:934	Levels	929:934	Levels of YKL-40	929:944	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	13	29	theme	Smaller	1351:1357	arg1	ChOS					1379:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS	1351:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS	1351:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS did not affect YKL-40 levels nor inflammasome activation.
25684555	3	30	theme	chitosan	267:274	arg1	derivatives					252:262	Shorter derivatives	244:262	Shorter derivatives of chitosan	244:274	Shorter derivatives of chitosan can be generated chemically or enzymatically, chitosan oligosaccharides (ChOS).
25684555	12	31	theme	Chit-1	1330:1335	arg1	secretion					1296:1304	the secretion	1292:1304	the secretion of the active chitinase Chit-1	1292:1335	No effect on the secretion of the active chitinase Chit-1 was detected.
25684555	0	32	theme	YKL-40	36:41	arg1	activation					60:69	inflammasome activation	47:69	inflammasome activation in human macrophages	47:90	Chitosan leads to downregulation of YKL-40 and inflammasome activation in human macrophages.
25684555	0	32	theme	YKL-40	36:41	arg1	downregulation					18:31	downregulation	18:31	downregulation of YKL-40	18:41	Chitosan leads to downregulation of YKL-40 and inflammasome activation in human macrophages.
25684555	3	33	theme	Shorter	244:250	arg1	derivatives					252:262	Shorter derivatives	244:262	Shorter derivatives of chitosan	244:274	Shorter derivatives of chitosan can be generated chemically or enzymatically, chitosan oligosaccharides (ChOS).
25684555	4	34	theme	size	422:425	arg1	distribution					427:438	size distribution	422:438	size distribution	422:438	There is variation in the chemical composition of ChOS, including size distribution, but in general, they have been described as inert or anti-inflammatory.
25684555	6	35	theme	active	629:634	arg1	chitinases					649:658	Both active and inactive chitinases	624:658	Both active and inactive chitinases	624:658	Both active and inactive chitinases have important roles in the immune response.
25684555	10	36	with	concomitant	1179:1189	arg1	activation					1209:1218	inflammasome activation	1196:1218	inflammasome activation	1196:1218	This study shows that chitosan leads to reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages and that this is concomitant with inflammasome activation.
25684555	5	37	theme	Active	513:518	arg1	chitinases					526:535	Active human chitinases	513:535	Active human chitinases	513:535	Active human chitinases can cleave chitin and chitosan, while inactive chitinases bind both but do not cleave.
25684555	0	38	theme	inflammasome	47:58	arg1	activation					60:69	inflammasome activation	47:69	inflammasome activation in human macrophages	47:90	Chitosan leads to downregulation of YKL-40 and inflammasome activation in human macrophages.
25684555	10	39	theme	reduced	1105:1111	arg1	secretion					1113:1121	reduced secretion	1105:1121	reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages	1105:1160	This study shows that chitosan leads to reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages and that this is concomitant with inflammasome activation.
25684555	0	40	from	activation	60:69	arg1	macrophages					80:90	human macrophages	74:90	human macrophages	74:90	Chitosan leads to downregulation of YKL-40 and inflammasome activation in human macrophages.
25684555	5	41	theme	human	520:524	arg1	chitinases					526:535	Active human chitinases	513:535	Active human chitinases	513:535	Active human chitinases can cleave chitin and chitosan, while inactive chitinases bind both but do not cleave.
25684555	1	42	theme	deacetylated	107:118	arg1	Chitosan					93:100	Chitosan	93:100	Chitosan	93:100	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	1	42	theme	deacetylated	107:118	arg1	derivative					120:129	the deacetylated derivative	103:129	the deacetylated derivative of chitin	103:139	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	4	43	theme	ChOS	406:409	arg1	composition					391:401	the chemical composition	378:401	the chemical composition	378:401	There is variation in the chemical composition of ChOS, including size distribution, but in general, they have been described as inert or anti-inflammatory.
25684555	14	44	theme	chitosan	1542:1549	arg1	mechanisms					1528:1537	the proinflammatory mechanisms	1508:1537	the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives	1508:1569	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	14	45	theme	mechanisms	1528:1537	arg1	part					1500:1503	a part	1498:1503	a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives	1498:1569	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	14	45	theme	mechanisms	1528:1537	arg1	effect					1464:1469	this effect	1459:1469	this effect on the levels of YKL-40	1459:1493	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	13	46	theme	YKL-40	1399:1404	arg1	levels					1406:1411	YKL-40 levels	1399:1411	YKL-40 levels	1399:1411	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS did not affect YKL-40 levels nor inflammasome activation.
25684555	8	47	theme	angiogenesis	915:926	arg1	regulator					902:910	a positive regulator	891:910	a positive regulator of angiogenesis	891:926	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	8	47	theme	angiogenesis	915:926	arg1	YKL-40					828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	7	48	theme	chitinase	718:726	arg1	marker					802:807	a marker	800:807	a marker of poor prognosis	800:825	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
25684555	7	48	theme	chitinase	718:726	arg1	YKL-40					728:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40	705:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40	705:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
25684555	14	49	theme	proinflammatory	1512:1526	arg1	mechanisms					1528:1537	the proinflammatory mechanisms	1508:1537	the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives	1508:1569	We conclude that this effect on the levels of YKL-40 is a part of the proinflammatory mechanisms of chitosan and its derivatives.
25684555	1	50	theme	chitin	134:139	arg1	Chitosan					93:100	Chitosan	93:100	Chitosan	93:100	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	1	50	theme	chitin	134:139	arg1	derivative					120:129	the deacetylated derivative	103:129	the deacetylated derivative of chitin	103:139	Chitosan, the deacetylated derivative of chitin, is used as biomaterial in diverse settings.
25684555	8	51	theme	positive	893:900	arg1	regulator					902:910	a positive regulator	891:910	a positive regulator of angiogenesis	891:926	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	8	51	theme	positive	893:900	arg1	YKL-40					828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40	828:833	YKL-40 acts as a negative regulator of the inflammasome and as a positive regulator of angiogenesis.
25684555	13	52	theme	more	1363:1366	arg1	ChOS					1379:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS	1351:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS	1351:1382	Smaller and more acetylated ChOS did not affect YKL-40 levels nor inflammasome activation.
25684555	9	53	theme	inflammation	979:990	arg1	process					1029:1035	the process	1025:1035	the process of inflammation resolution	1025:1062	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	9	53	theme	inflammation	979:990	arg1	extent					997:1002	the extent	993:1002	the extent of angiogenesis	993:1018	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	9	53	theme	inflammation	979:990	arg1	levels					969:974	levels	969:974	levels of inflammation	969:990	Levels of YKL-40 can therefore regulate levels of inflammation, the extent of angiogenesis, and the process of inflammation resolution.
25684555	10	54	theme	YKL-40	1126:1131	arg1	secretion					1113:1121	reduced secretion	1105:1121	reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages	1105:1160	This study shows that chitosan leads to reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages and that this is concomitant with inflammasome activation.
25684555	3	55	theme	chitosan	322:329	arg1	ChOS					349:352	ChOS	349:352	ChOS	349:352	Shorter derivatives of chitosan can be generated chemically or enzymatically, chitosan oligosaccharides (ChOS).
25684555	3	55	theme	chitosan	322:329	arg1	oligosaccharides					331:346	chitosan oligosaccharides	322:346	chitosan oligosaccharides (ChOS)	322:353	Shorter derivatives of chitosan can be generated chemically or enzymatically, chitosan oligosaccharides (ChOS).
25684555	0	56	from	downregulation	18:31	arg1	macrophages					80:90	human macrophages	74:90	human macrophages	74:90	Chitosan leads to downregulation of YKL-40 and inflammasome activation in human macrophages.
25684555	6	57	theme	immune	688:693	arg1	response					695:702	the immune response	684:702	the immune response	684:702	Both active and inactive chitinases have important roles in the immune response.
25684555	10	58	theme	primary	1136:1142	arg1	macrophages					1150:1160	primary human macrophages	1136:1160	primary human macrophages	1136:1160	This study shows that chitosan leads to reduced secretion of YKL-40 by primary human macrophages and that this is concomitant with inflammasome activation.
25684555	7	59	theme	inactive	709:716	arg1	marker					802:807	a marker	800:807	a marker of poor prognosis	800:825	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
25684555	7	59	theme	inactive	709:716	arg1	YKL-40					728:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40	705:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40	705:733	The inactive chitinase YKL-40 is expressed highly during inflammation and has been proposed as a marker of poor prognosis.
28765534	6	0	theme	Catenibacterium	1031:1045	arg1	abundance					1009:1017	the abundance	1005:1017	the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species	1005:1090	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	3	1	from	permeability	481:492	arg1	community					557:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	3	2	theme	gut	543:545	arg1	community					557:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	4	3	theme	permeability	617:628	arg1	levels					712:717	serum levels	706:717	serum levels	706:717	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	3	theme	permeability	617:628	arg1	markers					593:599	markers	593:599	markers	593:599	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	3	theme	permeability	617:628	arg1	concentrations					686:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	3	theme	permeability	617:628	arg1	ratio					662:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	5	4	theme	alpha	836:840	arg1	diversity					842:850	the alpha diversity	832:850	the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species	832:878	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	2	5	dep	composition	323:333	arg1	the					308:310	the	308:310	the	308:310	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	4	6	theme	gut	613:615	arg1	permeability					617:628	impaired gut permeability	604:628	impaired gut permeability	604:628	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	7	7	theme	possible	1309:1316	arg1	implication					1318:1328	their possible implication	1303:1328	their possible implication	1303:1328	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	7	8	theme	novel	1214:1218	arg1	insights					1220:1227	novel insights	1214:1227	novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability	1214:1409	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	2	9	from	pathologies	371:381	arg1	role					300:303	a primary role	290:303	a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies	290:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	1	10	theme	intestinal	63:72	arg1	permeability					74:85	Increased intestinal permeability	53:85	Increased intestinal permeability	53:85	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	6	11	from	increase	1099:1106	arg1	Oscillospira					1125:1136	Oscillospira	1125:1136	Oscillospira	1125:1136	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	6	11	from	increase	1099:1106	arg1	abundance					1009:1017	the abundance	1005:1017	the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species	1005:1090	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	6	11	from	increase	1099:1106	arg1	Ruminococcus					1142:1153	Ruminococcus	1142:1153	Ruminococcus	1142:1153	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	2	12	theme	composition	323:333	arg1	role					300:303	a primary role	290:303	a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies	290:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	4	13	theme	bacteriophage	768:780	arg1	challenge					782:790	the bacteriophage challenge	764:790	the bacteriophage challenge	764:790	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	3	14	theme	rat	392:394	arg1	model					396:400	a rat model	390:400	a rat model	390:400	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	2	15	theme	microbiota	312:321	arg1	composition					323:333	microbiota composition	312:333	microbiota composition	312:333	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	3	16	theme	intestinal	470:479	arg1	permeability					481:492	intestinal permeability	470:492	intestinal permeability	470:492	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	5	17	theme	significant	805:815	arg1	differences					817:827	significant differences	805:827	significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species	805:878	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	3	18	from	effects	419:425	arg1	permeability					481:492	intestinal permeability	470:492	intestinal permeability	470:492	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	3	18	from	effects	419:425	arg1	abundance					507:515	relative abundance	498:515	relative abundance	498:515	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	7	19	theme	bacteriophages	1246:1259	arg1	role					1238:1241	the role	1234:1241	the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability	1234:1409	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	6	20	theme	bacteriophage	1161:1173	arg1	administration					1175:1188	bacteriophage administration	1161:1188	bacteriophage administration	1161:1188	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	5	21	theme	species	872:878	arg1	diversity					842:850	the alpha diversity	832:850	the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species	832:878	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	6	22	from	reduction	992:1000	arg1	Oscillospira					1125:1136	Oscillospira	1125:1136	Oscillospira	1125:1136	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	6	22	from	reduction	992:1000	arg1	abundance					1009:1017	the abundance	1005:1017	the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species	1005:1090	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	6	22	from	reduction	992:1000	arg1	Ruminococcus					1142:1153	Ruminococcus	1142:1153	Ruminococcus	1142:1153	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	7	23	theme	increased	1377:1385	arg1	permeability					1398:1409	increased intestinal permeability	1377:1409	increased intestinal permeability	1377:1409	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	2	24	theme	such	366:369	arg1	pathologies					371:381	such pathologies	366:381	such pathologies	366:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	6	25	theme	Lactobacillus	1048:1060	arg1	abundance					1009:1017	the abundance	1005:1017	the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species	1005:1090	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	1	26	theme	gut	108:110	arg1	bacteria					112:119	gut bacteria	108:119	gut bacteria	108:119	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	4	27	theme	serum	706:710	arg1	levels					712:717	serum levels	706:717	serum levels	706:717	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	0	28	theme	new	28:30	arg1	pathogens					42:50	potential new mammalian pathogens	18:50	potential new mammalian pathogens	18:50	Bacteriophages as potential new mammalian pathogens.
28765534	2	29	theme	permeability	350:361	arg1	role					300:303	a primary role	290:303	a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies	290:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	4	30	theme	plasma	669:674	arg1	concentrations					686:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	0	31	theme	potential	18:26	arg1	pathogens					42:50	potential new mammalian pathogens	18:50	potential new mammalian pathogens	18:50	Bacteriophages as potential new mammalian pathogens.
28765534	4	32	theme	impaired	604:611	arg1	permeability					617:628	impaired gut permeability	604:628	impaired gut permeability	604:628	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	3	33	from	abundance	507:515	arg1	community					557:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	2	34	theme	intestinal	339:348	arg1	permeability					350:361	intestinal permeability	339:361	intestinal permeability	339:361	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	1	35	theme	treatable	233:241	arg1	pathologies					243:253	poorly treatable pathologies	226:253	poorly treatable pathologies	226:253	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	4	36	from	increase	581:588	arg1	levels					712:717	serum levels	706:717	serum levels	706:717	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	36	from	increase	581:588	arg1	markers					593:599	markers	593:599	markers	593:599	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	36	from	increase	581:588	arg1	concentrations					686:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	36	from	increase	581:588	arg1	ratio					662:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	37	theme	cytokines	743:751	arg1	levels					712:717	serum levels	706:717	serum levels	706:717	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	37	theme	cytokines	743:751	arg1	concentrations					686:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	4	37	theme	cytokines	743:751	arg1	ratio					662:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	5	38	theme	diversity	908:916	arg1	values					924:929	diversity index values	908:929	diversity index values	908:929	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	2	39	from	role	300:303	arg1	pathologies					371:381	such pathologies	366:381	such pathologies	366:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	1	40	theme	pathologies	243:253	arg1	variety					215:221	a variety	213:221	a variety of poorly treatable pathologies	213:253	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	1	40	theme	pathologies	243:253	arg1	pathologies					243:253	poorly treatable pathologies	226:253	poorly treatable pathologies	226:253	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	0	41	theme	mammalian	32:40	arg1	pathogens					42:50	potential new mammalian pathogens	18:50	potential new mammalian pathogens	18:50	Bacteriophages as potential new mammalian pathogens.
28765534	3	42	theme	bacteriophage	444:456	arg1	cocktail					458:465	a bacteriophage cocktail	442:465	a bacteriophage cocktail	442:465	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	6	43	theme	Faecalibacterium	1067:1082	arg1	abundance					1009:1017	the abundance	1005:1017	the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species	1005:1090	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	5	44	theme	index	918:922	arg1	values					924:929	diversity index values	908:929	diversity index values	908:929	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	3	45	theme	relative	498:505	arg1	abundance					507:515	relative abundance	498:515	relative abundance	498:515	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	3	46	theme	exposure	430:437	arg1	effects					419:425	the effects	415:425	the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community	415:565	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	5	47	theme	bacteriophage	955:967	arg1	challenge					969:977	the bacteriophage challenge	951:977	the bacteriophage challenge	951:977	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	1	48	theme	various	129:135	arg1	diseases					154:161	various polyaetiological diseases	129:161	various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation	129:198	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	5	49	theme	bacterial	862:870	arg1	species					872:878	faecal bacterial species	855:878	faecal bacterial species	855:878	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	6	50	dep	Catenibacterium	1031:1045	arg1	species					1084:1090	species	1084:1090	species	1084:1090	There was a reduction in the abundance of Blautia, Catenibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium species and an increase in Butyrivibrio, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus after bacteriophage administration.
28765534	2	51	theme	Previous	256:263	arg1	studies					265:271	Previous studies	256:271	Previous studies	256:271	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	3	52	theme	bacterial	547:555	arg1	community					557:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	the gut bacterial community	539:565	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	1	53	theme	polyaetiological	137:152	arg1	diseases					154:161	various polyaetiological diseases	129:161	various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation	129:198	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	7	54	theme	diseases	1352:1359	arg1	development					1337:1347	the development	1333:1347	the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability	1333:1409	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	3	55	theme	taxonomic	520:528	arg1	units					530:534	taxonomic units	520:534	taxonomic units	520:534	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	1	56	theme	bacteria	112:119	arg1	translocation					91:103	translocation	91:103	translocation of gut bacteria	91:119	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	1	56	theme	bacteria	112:119	arg1	permeability					74:85	Increased intestinal permeability	53:85	Increased intestinal permeability	53:85	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	5	57	from	differences	817:827	arg1	diversity					842:850	the alpha diversity	832:850	the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species	832:878	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	3	58	theme	units	530:534	arg1	permeability					481:492	intestinal permeability	470:492	intestinal permeability	470:492	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	3	58	theme	units	530:534	arg1	abundance					507:515	relative abundance	498:515	relative abundance	498:515	Using a rat model, we examined the effects of exposure to a bacteriophage cocktail on intestinal permeability and relative abundance of taxonomic units in the gut bacterial community.
28765534	7	59	theme	intestinal	1387:1396	arg1	permeability					1398:1409	increased intestinal permeability	1377:1409	increased intestinal permeability	1377:1409	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	4	60	theme	endotoxin	676:684	arg1	concentrations					686:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	plasma endotoxin concentrations	669:699	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	2	61	theme	primary	292:298	arg1	role					300:303	a primary role	290:303	a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies	290:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	4	62	theme	inflammation-related	722:741	arg1	cytokines					743:751	inflammation-related cytokines	722:751	inflammation-related cytokines	722:751	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	2	63	from	composition	323:333	arg1	pathologies					371:381	such pathologies	366:381	such pathologies	366:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	5	64	theme	faecal	855:860	arg1	species					872:878	faecal bacterial species	855:878	faecal bacterial species	855:878	We observed significant differences in the alpha diversity of faecal bacterial species and found that richness and diversity index values increased following the bacteriophage challenge.
28765534	7	65	from	role	1238:1241	arg1	development					1337:1347	the development	1333:1347	the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability	1333:1409	These findings provide novel insights into the role of bacteriophages as potentially pathogenic for mammals and their possible implication in the development of diseases associated with increased intestinal permeability.
28765534	1	66	theme	Increased	53:61	arg1	permeability					74:85	Increased intestinal permeability	53:85	Increased intestinal permeability	53:85	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	1	67	theme	chronic	179:185	arg1	inflammation					187:198	chronic inflammation	179:198	chronic inflammation	179:198	Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut bacteria trigger various polyaetiological diseases associated with chronic inflammation and underlie a variety of poorly treatable pathologies.
28765534	2	68	from	permeability	350:361	arg1	pathologies					371:381	such pathologies	366:381	such pathologies	366:381	Previous studies have established a primary role of the microbiota composition and intestinal permeability in such pathologies.
28765534	4	69	theme	lactulose/mannitol	643:660	arg1	ratio					662:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	the lactulose/mannitol ratio	639:666	There was an increase in markers of impaired gut permeability, such as the lactulose/mannitol ratio, plasma endotoxin concentrations, and serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines, following the bacteriophage challenge.
28419782	7	0	theme	algal	1204:1208	arg1	colonization					1210:1221	algal colonization	1204:1221	algal colonization	1204:1221	We also identify a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization: deletion of mshA increases mutant fitness.
28419782	4	1	theme	polysaccharide	664:677	arg1	substrates					636:645	reference substrates	626:645	reference substrates	626:645	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	4	1	theme	polysaccharide	664:677	arg1	alginate					679:686	the polysaccharide alginate	660:686	the polysaccharide alginate	660:686	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	2	2	from	fitness	292:298	arg1	landscapes					346:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	Yet the degree to which genes and pathways can contribute to an organism's fitness on such complex and variable natural resource landscapes remains poorly understood.
28419782	4	3	attach	derived	689:695	arg2	glucose					648:654	glucose	648:654	glucose	648:654	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	4	3	attach	derived	689:695	arg2	substrates					636:645	reference substrates	626:645	reference substrates	626:645	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	4	3	attach	derived	689:695	arg2	alginate					679:686	the polysaccharide alginate	660:686	the polysaccharide alginate	660:686	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	4	3	attach	derived	689:695	arg1	walls					719:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	7	4	theme	mshA	1236:1239	arg1	deletion					1224:1231	deletion	1224:1231	deletion of mshA	1224:1239	We also identify a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization: deletion of mshA increases mutant fitness.
28419782	5	5	theme	functional	898:907	arg1	redundancy					909:918	functional redundancy	898:918	functional redundancy in the latter	898:932	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	4	6	theme	complex	500:506	arg1	resources					508:516	complex resources	500:516	complex resources	500:516	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	8	7	theme	natural	1411:1417	arg1	habitats					1419:1426	different natural habitats	1401:1426	different natural habitats	1401:1426	Our results demonstrate that gene fitness depends on habitat composition, and suggest that this generalist uses distinct resources in different natural habitats.
28419782	4	8	theme	cell	714:717	arg1	walls					719:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	6	9	theme	carbohydrate-rich	951:967	arg1	algae					969:973	carbohydrate-rich algae	951:973	carbohydrate-rich algae	951:973	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	4	10	theme	algal	708:712	arg1	walls					719:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	8	11	theme	gene	1296:1299	arg1	fitness					1301:1307	gene fitness	1296:1307	gene fitness	1296:1307	Our results demonstrate that gene fitness depends on habitat composition, and suggest that this generalist uses distinct resources in different natural habitats.
28419782	7	12	theme	candidate	1172:1180	arg1	trade-off					1190:1198	a candidate fitness trade-off	1170:1198	a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization	1170:1221	We also identify a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization: deletion of mshA increases mutant fitness.
28419782	4	13	dep	copepods	554:561	arg1	vesiculosus					604:614	Fucus vesiculosus	598:614	Fucus vesiculosus	598:614	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	6	14	theme	ancestral	1062:1070	arg1	habitat					1072:1078	this ancestral habitat	1057:1078	this ancestral habitat for Vibrios	1057:1090	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	6	14	theme	ancestral	1062:1070	arg1	medium					1105:1110	a replete medium	1095:1110	a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates	1095:1150	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	3	15	theme	generalist	433:442	arg1	sp					481:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	7	16	theme	fitness	1182:1188	arg1	trade-off					1190:1198	a candidate fitness trade-off	1170:1198	a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization	1170:1221	We also identify a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization: deletion of mshA increases mutant fitness.
28419782	9	17	from	selection	1523:1531	arg1	genes					1546:1550	catabolic genes	1536:1550	catabolic genes	1536:1550	The results further indicate that substrate replete conditions may lead to relatively relaxed selection on catabolic genes.
28419782	0	18	theme	marine	33:38	arg1	bacterium					40:48	a marine bacterium	31:48	a marine bacterium	31:48	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium reveal distinct fitness-determining genes across the genome.
28419782	4	19	theme	brown	585:589	arg1	algae					591:595	brown algae	585:595	brown algae	585:595	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	3	20	theme	saprophytic	444:454	arg1	sp					481:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	0	21	theme	resource	8:15	arg1	landscapes					17:26	Natural resource landscapes	0:26	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium	0:48	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium reveal distinct fitness-determining genes across the genome.
28419782	1	22	from	microhabitats	150:162	arg1	ocean					171:175	the ocean	167:175	the ocean	167:175	Heterotrophic bacteria exploit diverse microhabitats in the ocean, from particles to transient gradients.
28419782	2	23	theme	complex	308:314	arg1	landscapes					346:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	Yet the degree to which genes and pathways can contribute to an organism's fitness on such complex and variable natural resource landscapes remains poorly understood.
28419782	8	24	from	resources	1388:1396	arg1	habitats					1419:1426	different natural habitats	1401:1426	different natural habitats	1401:1426	Our results demonstrate that gene fitness depends on habitat composition, and suggest that this generalist uses distinct resources in different natural habitats.
28419782	5	25	theme	catabolic	834:842	arg1	pathways					844:851	anabolic rather than catabolic pathways	813:851	anabolic rather than catabolic pathways	813:851	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	0	26	theme	Natural	0:6	arg1	landscapes					17:26	Natural resource landscapes	0:26	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium	0:48	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium reveal distinct fitness-determining genes across the genome.
28419782	2	27	theme	such	303:306	arg1	landscapes					346:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	Yet the degree to which genes and pathways can contribute to an organism's fitness on such complex and variable natural resource landscapes remains poorly understood.
28419782	1	28	theme	transient	196:204	arg1	gradients					206:214	transient gradients	196:214	transient gradients	196:214	Heterotrophic bacteria exploit diverse microhabitats in the ocean, from particles to transient gradients.
28419782	8	29	theme	different	1401:1409	arg1	habitats					1419:1426	different natural habitats	1401:1426	different natural habitats	1401:1426	Our results demonstrate that gene fitness depends on habitat composition, and suggest that this generalist uses distinct resources in different natural habitats.
28419782	6	30	theme	redundant	1131:1139	arg1	substrates					1141:1150	metabolically redundant substrates	1117:1150	metabolically redundant substrates	1117:1150	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	9	31	theme	replete	1473:1479	arg1	conditions					1481:1490	substrate replete conditions	1463:1490	substrate replete conditions	1463:1490	The results further indicate that substrate replete conditions may lead to relatively relaxed selection on catabolic genes.
28419782	4	32	theme	brown	702:706	arg1	walls					719:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	brown algal cell walls	702:723	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	9	33	theme	relaxed	1515:1521	arg1	selection					1523:1531	relatively relaxed selection	1504:1531	relatively relaxed selection on catabolic genes	1504:1550	The results further indicate that substrate replete conditions may lead to relatively relaxed selection on catabolic genes.
28419782	1	34	theme	Heterotrophic	111:123	arg1	bacteria					125:132	Heterotrophic bacteria	111:132	Heterotrophic bacteria	111:132	Heterotrophic bacteria exploit diverse microhabitats in the ocean, from particles to transient gradients.
28419782	3	35	theme	Vibrio	474:479	arg1	sp					481:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	3	36	theme	gene-by-gene	407:418	arg1	fitness					420:426	the gene-by-gene fitness	403:426	the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	403:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	8	37	theme	habitat	1320:1326	arg1	composition					1328:1338	habitat composition	1320:1338	habitat composition	1320:1338	Our results demonstrate that gene fitness depends on habitat composition, and suggest that this generalist uses distinct resources in different natural habitats.
28419782	9	38	theme	substrate	1463:1471	arg1	conditions					1481:1490	substrate replete conditions	1463:1490	substrate replete conditions	1463:1490	The results further indicate that substrate replete conditions may lead to relatively relaxed selection on catabolic genes.
28419782	3	39	theme	marine	456:461	arg1	sp					481:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	4	40	theme	reference	626:634	arg1	glucose					648:654	glucose	648:654	glucose	648:654	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	4	40	theme	reference	626:634	arg1	substrates					636:645	reference substrates	626:645	reference substrates	626:645	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	4	40	theme	reference	626:634	arg1	alginate					679:686	the polysaccharide alginate	660:686	the polysaccharide alginate	660:686	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	3	41	theme	bacterium	463:471	arg1	sp					481:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	431:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	6	42	theme	protein-rich	1012:1023	arg1	Apocyclops					1025:1034	protein-rich Apocyclops	1012:1034	protein-rich Apocyclops	1012:1034	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	6	43	with	medium	1105:1110	arg1	substrates					1141:1150	metabolically redundant substrates	1117:1150	metabolically redundant substrates	1117:1150	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	6	44	theme	replete	1097:1103	arg1	habitat					1072:1078	this ancestral habitat	1057:1078	this ancestral habitat for Vibrios	1057:1090	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	6	44	theme	replete	1097:1103	arg1	medium					1105:1110	a replete medium	1095:1110	a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates	1095:1150	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	2	45	theme	resource	337:344	arg1	landscapes					346:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	Yet the degree to which genes and pathways can contribute to an organism's fitness on such complex and variable natural resource landscapes remains poorly understood.
28419782	0	46	theme	bacterium	40:48	arg1	landscapes					17:26	Natural resource landscapes	0:26	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium	0:48	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium reveal distinct fitness-determining genes across the genome.
28419782	4	47	theme	natural	535:541	arg1	habitats					543:550	its natural habitats	531:550	its natural habitats	531:550	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	3	48	theme	sp	481:482	arg1	fitness					420:426	the gene-by-gene fitness	403:426	the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp	403:482	Here, we determine the gene-by-gene fitness of a generalist saprophytic marine bacterium (Vibrio sp.
28419782	4	49	from	F13	485:487	arg1	resources					508:516	complex resources	500:516	complex resources	500:516	F13 9CS106) on complex resources derived from its natural habitats - copepods (Apocyclops royi) and brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus) - and as reference substrates, glucose and the polysaccharide alginate, derived from brown algal cell walls.
28419782	2	50	theme	natural	329:335	arg1	landscapes					346:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	Yet the degree to which genes and pathways can contribute to an organism's fitness on such complex and variable natural resource landscapes remains poorly understood.
28419782	9	51	theme	catabolic	1536:1544	arg1	genes					1546:1550	catabolic genes	1536:1550	catabolic genes	1536:1550	The results further indicate that substrate replete conditions may lead to relatively relaxed selection on catabolic genes.
28419782	1	52	theme	diverse	142:148	arg1	microhabitats					150:162	diverse microhabitats	142:162	diverse microhabitats in the ocean	142:175	Heterotrophic bacteria exploit diverse microhabitats in the ocean, from particles to transient gradients.
28419782	8	53	theme	distinct	1379:1386	arg1	resources					1388:1396	distinct resources	1379:1396	distinct resources in different natural habitats	1379:1426	Our results demonstrate that gene fitness depends on habitat composition, and suggest that this generalist uses distinct resources in different natural habitats.
28419782	5	54	theme	resource	739:746	arg1	complexity					748:757	resource complexity	739:757	resource complexity	739:757	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	7	55	theme	mutant	1251:1256	arg1	fitness					1258:1264	mutant fitness	1251:1264	mutant fitness	1251:1264	We also identify a candidate fitness trade-off for algal colonization: deletion of mshA increases mutant fitness.
28419782	2	56	theme	variable	320:327	arg1	landscapes					346:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	such complex and variable natural resource landscapes	303:355	Yet the degree to which genes and pathways can contribute to an organism's fitness on such complex and variable natural resource landscapes remains poorly understood.
28419782	0	57	theme	fitness-determining	66:84	arg1	genes					86:90	distinct fitness-determining genes	57:90	distinct fitness-determining genes	57:90	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium reveal distinct fitness-determining genes across the genome.
28419782	5	58	theme	anabolic	813:820	arg1	pathways					844:851	anabolic rather than catabolic pathways	813:851	anabolic rather than catabolic pathways	813:851	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	5	59	from	redundancy	909:918	arg1	latter					927:932	latter	927:932	latter	927:932	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	6	60	theme	synthesis	992:1000	arg1	pathways					1002:1009	several synthesis pathways	984:1009	several synthesis pathways	984:1009	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28419782	0	61	theme	distinct	57:64	arg1	genes					86:90	distinct fitness-determining genes	57:90	distinct fitness-determining genes	57:90	Natural resource landscapes of a marine bacterium reveal distinct fitness-determining genes across the genome.
28419782	5	62	theme	mutations	793:801	arg1	costs					784:788	fitness costs	776:788	fitness costs of mutations	776:801	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	5	63	theme	fitness	776:782	arg1	costs					784:788	fitness costs	776:788	fitness costs of mutations	776:801	We find that resource complexity strongly buffers fitness costs of mutations, and that anabolic rather than catabolic pathways are more stringently required, likely due to functional redundancy in the latter.
28419782	6	64	theme	several	984:990	arg1	pathways					1002:1009	several synthesis pathways	984:1009	several synthesis pathways	984:1009	Moreover, while carbohydrate-rich algae requires several synthesis pathways, protein-rich Apocyclops does not, suggesting this ancestral habitat for Vibrios is a replete medium with metabolically redundant substrates.
28086066	8	0	theme	type	1210:1213	arg1	Auricoccus					1172:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus	1158:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus	1158:1205	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	0	theme	type	1210:1213	arg1	species					1215:1221	type species	1210:1221	type species of the genus	1210:1234	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	1	theme	morphological	988:1000	arg1	data					1032:1035	morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data	988:1035	morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data	988:1035	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	2	theme	genotypic	1022:1030	arg1	data					1032:1035	morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data	988:1035	morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data	988:1035	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	3	3	theme	bootstrap	568:576	arg1	support					578:584	65 % bootstrap support	563:584	65 % bootstrap support	563:584	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	4	theme	Macrococcus	430:440	arg1	47200T					457:462	Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T	430:462	Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484)	430:528	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	8	5	theme	Staphylococcaceae	1111:1127	arg1	relatives					1087:1095	its closest relatives	1075:1095	its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae	1075:1127	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	3	6	theme	separate	543:550	arg1	clade					552:556	a separate clade	541:556	a separate clade	541:556	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	9	7	theme	species	1304:1310	arg1	strain					1290:1295	the type strain	1281:1295	the type strain of the species	1281:1310	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	9	7	theme	species	1304:1310	arg1	S31T					1237:1240	S31T	1237:1240	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T)	1237:1276	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	3	8	theme	DSM	501:503	arg1	20597T					505:510	Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T	476:510	Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484)	476:528	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	8	theme	DSM	501:503	arg1	%					518:518	92.7 % AP009484	513:527	92.7 % AP009484	513:527	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	6	9	theme	A3α	784:786	arg1	peptidoglycan					793:805	A3α type peptidoglycan	784:805	A3α type peptidoglycan	784:805	It contained A3α type peptidoglycan with l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide.
28086066	3	10	theme	Macrococcus	476:486	arg1	20597T					505:510	Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T	476:510	Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484)	476:528	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	10	theme	Macrococcus	476:486	arg1	%					518:518	92.7 % AP009484	513:527	92.7 % AP009484	513:527	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	2	11	attach	isolated	186:193	arg1	lobe					227:230	external ear lobe	214:230	external ear lobe	214:230	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	11	attach	isolated	186:193	arg2	S31T					176:179	strain S31T	169:179	strain S31T	169:179	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	11	attach	isolated	186:193	arg2	bacterium					158:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	11	attach	isolated	186:193	arg1	surface					205:211	skin surface	200:211	skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject	200:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	8	12	theme	marked	1050:1055	arg1	distinctions					1057:1068	marked distinctions	1050:1068	marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae	1050:1127	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	2	13	theme	polyphasic	286:295	arg1	approach					297:304	a polyphasic approach	284:304	a polyphasic approach	284:304	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	8	14	dep	data	1032:1035	arg1	the					975:977	the	975:977	the	975:977	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	14	dep	data	1032:1035	arg1	basis					979:983	basis	979:983	basis	979:983	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	15	theme	genus	1166:1170	arg1	Auricoccus					1172:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus	1158:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus	1158:1205	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	15	theme	genus	1166:1170	arg1	species					1215:1221	type species	1210:1221	type species of the genus	1210:1234	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	5	16	theme	acid	722:725	arg1	FAME					741:744	FAME	741:744	FAME	741:744	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	16	theme	acid	722:725	arg1	ester					734:738	acid methyl ester	722:738	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	716:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	3	17	theme	sequence	345:352	arg1	comparison					354:363	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	8	18	theme	genus	1230:1234	arg1	Auricoccus					1172:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus	1158:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus	1158:1205	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	18	theme	genus	1230:1234	arg1	species					1215:1221	type species	1210:1221	type species of the genus	1210:1234	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	3	19	theme	sequence	405:412	arg1	similarity					414:423	highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity	378:423	highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity	378:423	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	20	theme	highest	378:384	arg1	similarity					414:423	highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity	378:423	highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity	378:423	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	21	theme	1507 bp	323:329	arg1	rRNA					335:338	1507 bp 16S rRNA	323:338	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	8	22	from	relatives	1087:1095	arg1	distinctions					1057:1068	marked distinctions	1050:1068	marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae	1050:1127	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	5	23	theme	ester	734:738	arg1	profile					747:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile	716:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	716:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	3	24	theme	16S	331:333	arg1	rRNA					335:338	1507 bp 16S rRNA	323:338	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	25	dep	comparison	354:363	arg1	basis					314:318	basis	314:318	basis	314:318	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	25	dep	comparison	354:363	arg1	the					310:312	the	310:312	the	310:312	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	9	26	theme	CCUG	1243:1246	arg1	3027T					1271:1275	CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T	1243:1275	CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T	1243:1275	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	9	26	theme	CCUG	1243:1246	arg1	S31T					1237:1240	S31T	1237:1240	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T)	1237:1276	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	2	27	theme	subject	252:258	arg1	lobe					227:230	external ear lobe	214:230	external ear lobe	214:230	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	27	theme	subject	252:258	arg1	surface					205:211	skin surface	200:211	skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject	200:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	3	28	theme	%	566:566	arg1	support					578:584	65 % bootstrap support	563:584	65 % bootstrap support	563:584	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	0	29	theme	indicus	26:32	arg1	nov.					39:42	Auricoccus indicus gen. nov.	15:42	Auricoccus indicus gen. nov.	15:42	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	0	29	theme	indicus	26:32	arg1	sp					45:46	sp	45:46	sp	45:46	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	5	30	theme	strain	758:763	arg1	S31T					765:768	strain S31T	758:768	strain S31T	758:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	2	31	theme	human	246:250	arg1	subject					252:258	a healthy human subject	236:258	a healthy human subject	236:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	5	32	theme	fatty	701:705	arg1	Anteiso-C15 					632:643	Anteiso-C15 	632:643	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.	632:769	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	32	theme	fatty	701:705	arg1	acids					707:711	the predominant fatty acids	685:711	the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	685:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	32	theme	fatty	701:705	arg1	 0					645:646	 0	645:646	 0	645:646	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	0	33	theme	Auricoccus	15:24	arg1	nov.					39:42	Auricoccus indicus gen. nov.	15:42	Auricoccus indicus gen. nov.	15:42	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	0	33	theme	Auricoccus	15:24	arg1	sp					45:46	sp	45:46	sp	45:46	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	6	34	theme	l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala	812:827	arg1	peptide					829:835	l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide	812:835	l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide	812:835	It contained A3α type peptidoglycan with l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide.
28086066	7	35	theme	closest	953:959	arg1	relatives					961:969	its closest relatives	949:969	its closest relatives	949:969	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits indicated that S31T has phenetically diverged from its closest relatives.
28086066	3	36	theme	65 	563:565	arg1	%					566:566	%	566:566	%	566:566	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	1	37	theme	human	77:81	arg1	ear					83:85	human ear	77:85	human ear	77:85	nov., isolated from skin of human ear.
28086066	0	38	theme	nov.	39:42	arg1	Description					0:10	Description	0:10	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.	0:47	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	5	39	theme	S31T	765:768	arg1	profile					747:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile	716:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	716:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	40	dep	 0	645:646	arg1	iso-C16 					669:676	iso-C16 	669:676	iso-C16 	669:676	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	40	dep	 0	645:646	arg1	 0					662:663	 0	662:663	 0	662:663	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	40	dep	 0	645:646	arg1	 0					678:679	 0	678:679	 0	678:679	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	2	41	theme	spherical	148:156	arg1	bacterium					158:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	41	theme	spherical	148:156	arg1	S31T					176:179	strain S31T	169:179	strain S31T	169:179	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	42	theme	skin	200:203	arg1	lobe					227:230	external ear lobe	214:230	external ear lobe	214:230	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	42	theme	skin	200:203	arg1	surface					205:211	skin surface	200:211	skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject	200:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	8	43	theme	novel	1160:1164	arg1	Auricoccus					1172:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus	1158:1181	a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus	1158:1205	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	43	theme	novel	1160:1164	arg1	species					1215:1221	type species	1210:1221	type species of the genus	1210:1234	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	0	44	theme	gen.	34:37	arg1	nov.					39:42	Auricoccus indicus gen. nov.	15:42	Auricoccus indicus gen. nov.	15:42	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	0	44	theme	gen.	34:37	arg1	sp					45:46	sp	45:46	sp	45:46	Description of Auricoccus indicus gen. nov., sp.
28086066	9	45	theme	type	1285:1288	arg1	strain					1290:1295	the type strain	1281:1295	the type strain of the species	1281:1310	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	9	45	theme	type	1285:1288	arg1	S31T					1237:1240	S31T	1237:1240	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T)	1237:1276	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	8	46	with	Auricoccus	1172:1181	arg1	indicus					1199:1205	Auricoccus indicus	1188:1205	Auricoccus indicus	1188:1205	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	8	47	theme	closest	1079:1085	arg1	relatives					1087:1095	its closest relatives	1075:1095	its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae	1075:1127	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	7	48	theme	traits	891:896	arg1	study					850:854	Comparative study	838:854	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits	838:896	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits indicated that S31T has phenetically diverged from its closest relatives.
28086066	5	49	theme	fatty	716:720	arg1	profile					747:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile	716:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	716:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	3	50	theme	rRNA	335:338	arg1	comparison					354:363	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	6	51	theme	type	788:791	arg1	peptidoglycan					793:805	A3α type peptidoglycan	784:805	A3α type peptidoglycan	784:805	It contained A3α type peptidoglycan with l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide.
28086066	8	52	theme	chemotaxonomic	1003:1016	arg1	data					1032:1035	morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data	988:1035	morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data	988:1035	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	1	53	theme	ear	83:85	arg1	skin					69:72	skin	69:72	skin of human ear	69:85	nov., isolated from skin of human ear.
28086066	3	54	theme	gene	340:343	arg1	comparison					354:363	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison	323:363	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	2	55	dep	Gram-stain-positive	90:108	arg1	non-motile					111:120	non-motile	111:120	non-motile	111:120	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	55	dep	Gram-stain-positive	90:108	arg1	small					142:146	small	142:146	small	142:146	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	55	dep	Gram-stain-positive	90:108	arg1	non-spore-forming					123:139	non-spore-forming	123:139	non-spore-forming	123:139	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	3	56	dep	highest	378:384	arg1	AY119686					395:402	AY119686	395:402	AY119686	395:402	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	56	dep	highest	378:384	arg1	%					392:392	92.8 %	387:392	92.8 %	387:392	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	3	57	dep	Macrococcus	430:440	arg1	brunensis					442:450	brunensis	442:450	brunensis	442:450	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	2	58	theme	healthy	238:244	arg1	subject					252:258	a healthy human subject	236:258	a healthy human subject	236:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	9	59	theme	69858T=KCTC	1248:1258	arg1	3027T					1271:1275	CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T	1243:1275	CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T	1243:1275	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	9	59	theme	69858T=KCTC	1248:1258	arg1	S31T					1237:1240	S31T	1237:1240	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T)	1237:1276	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	6	60	contain	contained	774:782	arg2	peptidoglycan					793:805	A3α type peptidoglycan	784:805	A3α type peptidoglycan	784:805	It contained A3α type peptidoglycan with l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide.
28086066	6	60	contain	contained	774:782	arg1	It					771:772	It	771:772	It	771:772	It contained A3α type peptidoglycan with l-Lys-Gly3-l-Ala peptide.
28086066	2	61	theme	ear	223:225	arg1	lobe					227:230	external ear lobe	214:230	external ear lobe	214:230	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	61	theme	ear	223:225	arg1	surface					205:211	skin surface	200:211	skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject	200:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	4	62	theme	DNA	591:593	arg1	content					599:605	The DNA G+C content	587:605	The DNA G+C content	587:605	The DNA G+C content was found to be 34 mol%.
28086066	4	62	theme	DNA	591:593	arg1	%					629:629	34 mol%	623:629	34 mol%	623:629	The DNA G+C content was found to be 34 mol%.
28086066	4	63	theme	34 mol	623:628	arg1	content					599:605	The DNA G+C content	587:605	The DNA G+C content	587:605	The DNA G+C content was found to be 34 mol%.
28086066	4	63	theme	34 mol	623:628	arg1	%					629:629	34 mol%	623:629	34 mol%	623:629	The DNA G+C content was found to be 34 mol%.
28086066	9	64	theme	33611T=MCC	1260:1269	arg1	3027T					1271:1275	CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T	1243:1275	CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T	1243:1275	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	9	64	theme	33611T=MCC	1260:1269	arg1	S31T					1237:1240	S31T	1237:1240	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T)	1237:1276	S31T (CCUG 69858T=KCTC 33611T=MCC 3027T) is the type strain of the species.
28086066	5	65	from	acids	707:711	arg1	profile					747:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile	716:753	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	716:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	2	66	theme	strain	169:174	arg1	bacterium					158:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	66	theme	strain	169:174	arg1	S31T					176:179	strain S31T	169:179	strain S31T	169:179	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	67	theme	external	214:221	arg1	lobe					227:230	external ear lobe	214:230	external ear lobe	214:230	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	67	theme	external	214:221	arg1	surface					205:211	skin surface	200:211	skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject	200:258	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	3	68	dep	Macrococcus	476:486	arg1	caseolyticus					488:499	caseolyticus	488:499	caseolyticus	488:499	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
28086066	8	69	theme	Auricoccus	1188:1197	arg1	indicus					1199:1205	Auricoccus indicus	1188:1205	Auricoccus indicus	1188:1205	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	7	70	theme	physiological	877:889	arg1	traits					891:896	morphological and physiological traits	859:896	morphological and physiological traits	859:896	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits indicated that S31T has phenetically diverged from its closest relatives.
28086066	7	71	theme	morphological	859:871	arg1	traits					891:896	morphological and physiological traits	859:896	morphological and physiological traits	859:896	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits indicated that S31T has phenetically diverged from its closest relatives.
28086066	4	72	theme	G+C	595:597	arg1	content					599:605	The DNA G+C content	587:605	The DNA G+C content	587:605	The DNA G+C content was found to be 34 mol%.
28086066	4	72	theme	G+C	595:597	arg1	%					629:629	34 mol%	623:629	34 mol%	623:629	The DNA G+C content was found to be 34 mol%.
28086066	5	73	theme	methyl	727:732	arg1	FAME					741:744	FAME	741:744	FAME	741:744	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	73	theme	methyl	727:732	arg1	ester					734:738	acid methyl ester	722:738	fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	716:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	8	74	theme	family	1104:1109	arg1	Staphylococcaceae					1111:1127	the family Staphylococcaceae	1100:1127	the family Staphylococcaceae	1100:1127	On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, S31T showed marked distinctions from its closest relatives of the family Staphylococcaceae and is proposed to represent a novel genus Auricoccus with Auricoccus indicus as type species of the genus.
28086066	2	75	theme	Gram-stain-positive	90:108	arg1	bacterium					158:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium	88:166	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	2	75	theme	Gram-stain-positive	90:108	arg1	S31T					176:179	strain S31T	169:179	strain S31T	169:179	A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, small spherical bacterium, strain S31T, was isolated from skin surface (external ear lobe) of a healthy human subject and characterized using a polyphasic approach.
28086066	5	76	theme	predominant	689:699	arg1	Anteiso-C15 					632:643	Anteiso-C15 	632:643	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.	632:769	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	76	theme	predominant	689:699	arg1	acids					707:711	the predominant fatty acids	685:711	the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T	685:768	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	5	76	theme	predominant	689:699	arg1	 0					645:646	 0	645:646	 0	645:646	Anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 are the predominant fatty acids in fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile of strain S31T.
28086066	7	77	theme	Comparative	838:848	arg1	study					850:854	Comparative study	838:854	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits	838:896	Comparative study of morphological and physiological traits indicated that S31T has phenetically diverged from its closest relatives.
28086066	3	78	theme	CCUG	452:455	arg1	47200T					457:462	Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T	430:462	Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484)	430:528	On the basis of 1507 bp 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, S31T showed highest (92.8 %, AY119686) sequence similarity with Macrococcus brunensis CCUG 47200T followed by Macrococcus caseolyticus DSM 20597T (92.7 % AP009484) and formed a separate clade with 65 % bootstrap support.
26708091	8	0	theme	adhesion	1053:1060	arg1	studies					1062:1068	Cell adhesion studies	1048:1068	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1048:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	6	1	theme	coupling	756:763	arg1	extent					788:793	some extent	783:793	some extent dependent on alginate composition	783:827	The coupling efficiency was to some extent dependent on alginate composition, being most efficient on mannuronan.
26708091	6	1	theme	coupling	756:763	arg1	efficiency					765:774	The coupling efficiency	752:774	The coupling efficiency	752:774	The coupling efficiency was to some extent dependent on alginate composition, being most efficient on mannuronan.
26708091	4	2	theme	model	556:560	arg1	compound					562:569	a model compound	554:569	a model compound	554:569	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	2	theme	model	556:560	arg1	ester					545:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	8	3	theme	Cell	1048:1051	arg1	studies					1062:1068	Cell adhesion studies	1048:1068	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1048:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	1	4	from	cells	176:180	arg1	medicine					198:205	regenerative medicine	185:205	regenerative medicine	185:205	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	1	4	from	cells	176:180	arg1	engineering					218:228	tissue engineering	211:228	tissue engineering	211:228	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	8	5	theme	coupled	1177:1183	arg1	alginate					1185:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	2	6	theme	partial	313:319	arg1	oxidation					331:339	partial periodate oxidation	313:339	partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination	313:371	We here present an alternative to the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry, using partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination.
26708091	7	7	theme	substitution	1013:1024	arg1	degrees					1002:1008	degrees	1002:1008	degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%	1002:1045	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	8	8	theme	various	1151:1157	arg1	amounts					1159:1165	various amounts	1151:1165	various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1151:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	8	theme	various	1151:1157	arg1	alginate					1185:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	5	9	theme	product	697:703	arg1	structure					680:688	the structure	676:688	the structure of the product	676:703	DOSY was used to indirectly verify covalent binding and the structure of the product was further elucidated using NMR spectroscopy.
26708091	7	10	dep	sequences	900:908	arg1	sequences					900:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences	866:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE)	866:940	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	10	dep	sequences	900:908	arg1	KHIFSDDSSE					930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	10	dep	sequences	900:908	arg1	GRGDSP					919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	10	dep	sequences	900:908	arg1	GRGDYP					911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	1	11	theme	scaffold	153:160	arg1	alginates					70:78	Peptide coupled alginates	54:78	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates	54:130	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	1	11	theme	scaffold	153:160	arg1	materials					162:170	scaffold materials	153:170	scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering	153:228	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	8	12	theme	GRGDSP	1170:1175	arg1	alginate					1185:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	5	13	theme	covalent	655:662	arg1	binding					664:670	covalent binding	655:670	covalent binding	655:670	DOSY was used to indirectly verify covalent binding and the structure of the product was further elucidated using NMR spectroscopy.
26708091	1	14	theme	regenerative	185:196	arg1	medicine					198:205	regenerative medicine	185:205	regenerative medicine	185:205	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	3	15	theme	precise	383:389	arg1	degrees					391:397	High and precise degrees	374:397	High and precise degrees of substitution	374:413	High and precise degrees of substitution were obtained with high reproducibility, and without formation of by-products.
26708091	4	16	theme	methyl	538:543	arg1	agent					613:617	the reducing agent	600:617	the reducing agent	600:617	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	16	theme	methyl	538:543	arg1	pic-BH3					589:595	the non-toxic pic-BH3	575:595	the non-toxic pic-BH3	575:595	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	16	theme	methyl	538:543	arg1	ester					545:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	16	theme	methyl	538:543	arg1	compound					562:569	a model compound	554:569	a model compound	554:569	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	8	17	theme	mouse	1073:1077	arg1	myoblasts					1079:1087	mouse myoblasts	1073:1087	mouse myoblasts (C2C12)	1073:1095	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	17	theme	mouse	1073:1077	arg1	C2C12					1090:1094	C2C12	1090:1094	C2C12	1090:1094	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	7	18	theme	periodate	961:969	arg1	alginate					980:987	8% periodate oxidized alginate	958:987	8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%	958:1045	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	1	19	theme	chemical	92:99	arg1	functionalization					101:117	chemical functionalization	92:117	chemical functionalization of alginates	92:130	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	7	20	theme	peptide	892:898	arg1	sequences					900:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences	866:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE)	866:940	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	20	theme	peptide	892:898	arg1	KHIFSDDSSE					930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	20	theme	peptide	892:898	arg1	GRGDSP					919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	20	theme	peptide	892:898	arg1	GRGDYP					911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	3	21	theme	by-products	481:491	arg1	formation					468:476	formation	468:476	formation of by-products	468:491	High and precise degrees of substitution were obtained with high reproducibility, and without formation of by-products.
26708091	8	22	theme	alginate	1185:1192	arg1	amounts					1159:1165	various amounts	1151:1165	various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1151:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	22	theme	alginate	1185:1192	arg1	alginate					1185:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	4	23	theme	l-Tyrosine	527:536	arg1	agent					613:617	the reducing agent	600:617	the reducing agent	600:617	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	23	theme	l-Tyrosine	527:536	arg1	pic-BH3					589:595	the non-toxic pic-BH3	575:595	the non-toxic pic-BH3	575:595	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	23	theme	l-Tyrosine	527:536	arg1	ester					545:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	23	theme	l-Tyrosine	527:536	arg1	compound					562:569	a model compound	554:569	a model compound	554:569	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	7	24	theme	oxidized	971:978	arg1	alginate					980:987	8% periodate oxidized alginate	958:987	8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%	958:1045	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	0	25	theme	Efficient	0:8	arg1	functionalization					10:26	Efficient functionalization	0:26	Efficient functionalization of alginate biomaterials	0:51	Efficient functionalization of alginate biomaterials.
26708091	8	26	theme	RP89	1245:1248	arg1	cells					1250:1254	RP89 cells	1245:1254	RP89 cells	1245:1254	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	7	27	theme	8	958:958	arg1	%					959:959	%	959:959	%	959:959	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	8	28	contain	containing	1140:1149	arg1	gels					1135:1138	gels	1135:1138	gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1135:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	28	contain	containing	1140:1149	arg2	amounts					1159:1165	various amounts	1151:1165	various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1151:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	28	contain	containing	1140:1149	arg2	alginate					1185:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	GRGDSP coupled alginate	1170:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	7	29	theme	different	872:880	arg1	sequences					900:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences	866:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE)	866:940	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	29	theme	different	872:880	arg1	KHIFSDDSSE					930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	29	theme	different	872:880	arg1	GRGDSP					919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	29	theme	different	872:880	arg1	GRGDYP					911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	1	30	theme	tissue	211:216	arg1	engineering					218:228	tissue engineering	211:228	tissue engineering	211:228	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	3	31	theme	substitution	402:413	arg1	degrees					391:397	High and precise degrees	374:397	High and precise degrees of substitution	374:413	High and precise degrees of substitution were obtained with high reproducibility, and without formation of by-products.
26708091	5	32	theme	NMR	734:736	arg1	spectroscopy					738:749	NMR spectroscopy	734:749	NMR spectroscopy	734:749	DOSY was used to indirectly verify covalent binding and the structure of the product was further elucidated using NMR spectroscopy.
26708091	6	33	theme	alginate	808:815	arg1	composition					817:827	alginate composition	808:827	alginate composition	808:827	The coupling efficiency was to some extent dependent on alginate composition, being most efficient on mannuronan.
26708091	1	34	theme	alginates	122:130	arg1	functionalization					101:117	chemical functionalization	92:117	chemical functionalization of alginates	92:130	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	7	35	theme	bioactive	882:890	arg1	sequences					900:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences	866:908	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE)	866:940	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	35	theme	bioactive	882:890	arg1	KHIFSDDSSE					930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	KHIFSDDSSE	930:939	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	35	theme	bioactive	882:890	arg1	GRGDSP					919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	GRGDSP	919:924	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	7	35	theme	bioactive	882:890	arg1	GRGDYP					911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	GRGDYP	911:916	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	8	36	theme	peptide	1270:1276	arg1	concentrations					1278:1291	higher peptide concentrations	1263:1291	higher peptide concentrations	1263:1291	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	4	37	theme	reducing	604:611	arg1	agent					613:617	the reducing agent	600:617	the reducing agent	600:617	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	37	theme	reducing	604:611	arg1	ester					545:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	2	38	theme	periodate	321:329	arg1	oxidation					331:339	partial periodate oxidation	313:339	partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination	313:371	We here present an alternative to the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry, using partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination.
26708091	8	39	theme	higher	1263:1268	arg1	concentrations					1278:1291	higher peptide concentrations	1263:1291	higher peptide concentrations	1263:1291	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	40	theme	myoblasts	1079:1087	arg1	studies					1062:1068	Cell adhesion studies	1048:1068	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1048:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	41	theme	dental	1107:1112	arg1	cells					1119:1123	human dental stem cells	1101:1123	human dental stem cells (RP89)	1101:1130	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	41	theme	dental	1107:1112	arg1	RP89					1126:1129	RP89	1126:1129	RP89	1126:1129	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	5	42	used	used	629:632	arg2	DOSY					620:623	DOSY	620:623	DOSY	620:623	DOSY was used to indirectly verify covalent binding and the structure of the product was further elucidated using NMR spectroscopy.
26708091	0	43	theme	biomaterials	40:51	arg1	functionalization					10:26	Efficient functionalization	0:26	Efficient functionalization of alginate biomaterials	0:51	Efficient functionalization of alginate biomaterials.
26708091	8	44	theme	human	1101:1105	arg1	cells					1119:1123	human dental stem cells	1101:1123	human dental stem cells (RP89)	1101:1130	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	44	theme	human	1101:1105	arg1	RP89					1126:1129	RP89	1126:1129	RP89	1126:1129	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	0	45	theme	alginate	31:38	arg1	biomaterials					40:51	alginate biomaterials	31:51	alginate biomaterials	31:51	Efficient functionalization of alginate biomaterials.
26708091	3	46	theme	high	434:437	arg1	reproducibility					439:453	high reproducibility	434:453	high reproducibility	434:453	High and precise degrees of substitution were obtained with high reproducibility, and without formation of by-products.
26708091	8	47	theme	cells	1119:1123	arg1	studies					1062:1068	Cell adhesion studies	1048:1068	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate	1048:1192	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	6	48	theme	dependent	795:803	arg1	extent					788:793	some extent	783:793	some extent dependent on alginate composition	783:827	The coupling efficiency was to some extent dependent on alginate composition, being most efficient on mannuronan.
26708091	6	48	theme	dependent	795:803	arg1	efficiency					765:774	The coupling efficiency	752:774	The coupling efficiency	752:774	The coupling efficiency was to some extent dependent on alginate composition, being most efficient on mannuronan.
26708091	4	49	theme	non-toxic	579:587	arg1	ester					545:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	l-Tyrosine methyl ester	527:549	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	4	49	theme	non-toxic	579:587	arg1	pic-BH3					589:595	the non-toxic pic-BH3	575:595	the non-toxic pic-BH3	575:595	A protocol was established using l-Tyrosine methyl ester as a model compound and the non-toxic pic-BH3 as the reducing agent.
26708091	8	50	theme	stem	1114:1117	arg1	cells					1119:1123	human dental stem cells	1101:1123	human dental stem cells (RP89)	1101:1130	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	8	50	theme	stem	1114:1117	arg1	RP89					1126:1129	RP89	1126:1129	RP89	1126:1129	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	7	51	theme	%	959:959	arg1	alginate					980:987	8% periodate oxidized alginate	958:987	8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%	958:1045	Three different bioactive peptide sequences (GRGDYP, GRGDSP and KHIFSDDSSE) were coupled to 8% periodate oxidized alginate resulting in degrees of substitution between 3.9 and 6.9%.
26708091	2	52	theme	carbodiimide	283:294	arg1	chemistry					296:304	the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry	265:304	the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry	265:304	We here present an alternative to the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry, using partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination.
26708091	1	53	used	used	145:148	arg2	alginates					70:78	Peptide coupled alginates	54:78	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates	54:130	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	1	53	used	used	145:148	arg2	materials					162:170	scaffold materials	153:170	scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering	153:228	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	2	54	theme	used	278:281	arg1	chemistry					296:304	the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry	265:304	the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry	265:304	We here present an alternative to the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry, using partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination.
26708091	2	55	theme	reductive	353:361	arg1	amination					363:371	reductive amination	353:371	reductive amination	353:371	We here present an alternative to the commonly used carbodiimide chemistry, using partial periodate oxidation followed by reductive amination.
26708091	8	56	theme	material	1230:1237	arg1	bioactivity					1211:1221	the bioactivity	1207:1221	the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere	1207:1301	Cell adhesion studies of mouse myoblasts (C2C12) and human dental stem cells (RP89) to gels containing various amounts of GRGDSP coupled alginate demonstrated the bioactivity of the material where RP89 cells needed higher peptide concentrations to adhere.
26708091	1	57	theme	Peptide	54:60	arg1	alginates					70:78	Peptide coupled alginates	54:78	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates	54:130	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	1	57	theme	Peptide	54:60	arg1	materials					162:170	scaffold materials	153:170	scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering	153:228	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	3	58	theme	High	374:377	arg1	degrees					391:397	High and precise degrees	374:397	High and precise degrees of substitution	374:413	High and precise degrees of substitution were obtained with high reproducibility, and without formation of by-products.
26708091	1	59	theme	coupled	62:68	arg1	alginates					70:78	Peptide coupled alginates	54:78	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates	54:130	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26708091	1	59	theme	coupled	62:68	arg1	materials					162:170	scaffold materials	153:170	scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering	153:228	Peptide coupled alginates obtained by chemical functionalization of alginates are commonly used as scaffold materials for cells in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
26585374	6	0	from	variable	926:933	arg1	size					955:958	size	955:958	size	955:958	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	6	0	from	variable	926:933	arg1	distribution					938:949	distribution	938:949	distribution	938:949	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	5	1	from	microclimate	803:814	arg1	species					880:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	4	2	theme	stipular	693:700	arg1	colleters					702:710	stipular colleters	693:710	stipular colleters	693:710	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	10	3	theme	lower	1340:1344	arg1	luminosity					1346:1355	lower luminosity	1340:1355	lower luminosity	1340:1355	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	1	4	theme	secretory	149:157	arg1	Colleters					135:143	Colleters	135:143	Colleters	135:143	Colleters are secretory structures that produce and release mucilage or a mucilage-resin mixture protecting meristems and young structures against desiccation, herbivores, and pathogens.
26585374	1	4	theme	secretory	149:157	arg1	structures					159:168	secretory structures	149:168	secretory structures that produce and release mucilage or a mucilage-resin mixture protecting meristems and young structures against desiccation, herbivores, and pathogens	149:319	Colleters are secretory structures that produce and release mucilage or a mucilage-resin mixture protecting meristems and young structures against desiccation, herbivores, and pathogens.
26585374	1	5	theme	young	257:261	arg1	structures					263:272	young structures	257:272	young structures	257:272	Colleters are secretory structures that produce and release mucilage or a mucilage-resin mixture protecting meristems and young structures against desiccation, herbivores, and pathogens.
26585374	9	6	theme	apices	1278:1283	arg1	proportion					1256:1265	a lower proportion	1248:1265	a lower proportion of damaged apices	1248:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	11	7	with	colleters	1489:1497	arg1	morphology					1512:1521	similar morphology	1504:1521	similar morphology	1504:1521	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	6	8	theme	studied	977:983	arg1	species					985:991	the 17 studied species	970:991	the 17 studied species	970:991	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	11	9	theme	forest	1737:1742	arg1	environment					1744:1754	the forest environment	1733:1754	the forest environment	1733:1754	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	5	10	from	phenology	792:800	arg1	species					880:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	10	11	theme	higher	1367:1372	arg1	proportion					1374:1383	a higher proportion	1365:1383	a higher proportion	1365:1383	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	3	12	theme	savanna	533:539	arg1	environment					552:562	savanna and forest environment	533:562	savanna and forest environment	533:562	In this study, we compared 17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment focusing on colleter secretions and its ecological role.
26585374	0	13	theme	Rubiaceae	83:91	arg1	species					93:99	Rubiaceae species	83:99	Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna	83:132	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	9	14	theme	lipid	1186:1190	arg1	secretion					1192:1200	lipid secretion	1186:1200	lipid secretion	1186:1200	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	2	15	theme	same	362:365	arg1	types					380:384	same or different types	362:384	same or different types	362:384	The secretions may vary in colleters of same or different types, indicating that the functionality of colleters may be more specific than previously thought.
26585374	11	16	dep	appear	1644:1649	arg1	associated					1663:1672	associated	1663:1672	appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment	1644:1754	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	0	17	theme	tropical	106:113	arg1	forest					115:120	tropical forest	106:120	tropical forest	106:120	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	5	18	from	proportion	825:834	arg1	species					880:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	9	19	theme	secretion	1192:1200	arg1	prevalence					1172:1181	a prevalence	1170:1181	a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices	1170:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	6	20	theme	species	985:991	arg1	species					985:991	the 17 studied species	970:991	the 17 studied species	970:991	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	6	20	theme	species	985:991	arg1	14					964:965	14	964:965	14	964:965	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	10	21	from	colleters	1449:1457	arg1	absence					1424:1430	the absence	1420:1430	the absence of lipids in the colleters	1420:1457	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	5	22	theme	savanna	861:867	arg1	species					880:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	10	23	theme	lipids	1435:1440	arg1	absence					1424:1430	the absence	1420:1430	the absence of lipids in the colleters	1420:1457	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	8	24	theme	vegetative	1131:1140	arg1	apices					1142:1147	the vegetative apices	1127:1147	the vegetative apices	1127:1147	During the budding period, secretion covered the vegetative apices.
26585374	4	25	theme	electron	737:744	arg1	microscopy					746:755	scanning electron microscopy	728:755	scanning electron microscopy	728:755	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	10	26	theme	damaged	1388:1394	arg1	apices					1396:1401	damaged apices	1388:1401	damaged apices	1388:1401	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	5	27	dep	phenology	792:800	arg1	the					788:790	the	788:790	the	788:790	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	10	28	theme	apices	1396:1401	arg1	proportion					1374:1383	a higher proportion	1365:1383	a higher proportion	1365:1383	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	4	29	theme	scanning	728:735	arg1	microscopy					746:755	scanning electron microscopy	728:755	scanning electron microscopy	728:755	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	2	30	theme	types	380:384	arg1	colleters					349:357	colleters	349:357	colleters of same or different types	349:384	The secretions may vary in colleters of same or different types, indicating that the functionality of colleters may be more specific than previously thought.
26585374	9	31	theme	higher	1219:1224	arg1	luminosity					1226:1235	higher luminosity	1219:1235	higher luminosity	1219:1235	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	3	32	theme	forest	545:550	arg1	environment					552:562	savanna and forest environment	533:562	savanna and forest environment	533:562	In this study, we compared 17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment focusing on colleter secretions and its ecological role.
26585374	10	33	theme	forest	1299:1304	arg1	species					1306:1312	forest species	1299:1312	forest species	1299:1312	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	2	34	theme	colleters	424:432	arg1	functionality					407:419	the functionality	403:419	the functionality of colleters	403:432	The secretions may vary in colleters of same or different types, indicating that the functionality of colleters may be more specific than previously thought.
26585374	2	34	theme	colleters	424:432	arg1	specific					446:453	specific	446:453	specific	446:453	The secretions may vary in colleters of same or different types, indicating that the functionality of colleters may be more specific than previously thought.
26585374	0	35	theme	secretion	12:20	arg1	composition					22:32	secretion composition	12:32	secretion composition	12:32	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	10	36	from	absence	1424:1430	arg1	colleters					1449:1457	the colleters	1445:1457	the colleters	1445:1457	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	5	37	theme	damaged	839:845	arg1	apices					847:852	damaged apices	839:852	damaged apices	839:852	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	9	38	with	habitats	1205:1212	arg1	luminosity					1226:1235	higher luminosity	1219:1235	higher luminosity	1219:1235	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	8	39	theme	budding	1093:1099	arg1	period					1101:1106	the budding period	1089:1106	the budding period	1089:1106	During the budding period, secretion covered the vegetative apices.
26585374	11	40	from	forest	1613:1618	arg1	species					1588:1594	species	1588:1594	species	1588:1594	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	5	41	theme	forest	873:878	arg1	species					880:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	the savanna and forest species	857:886	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	5	42	theme	apices	847:852	arg1	microclimate					803:814	microclimate	803:814	microclimate	803:814	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	5	42	theme	apices	847:852	arg1	phenology					792:800	phenology	792:800	phenology	792:800	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	5	42	theme	apices	847:852	arg1	proportion					825:834	the proportion	821:834	the proportion of damaged apices	821:852	Additionally, we investigated the phenology, microclimate, and the proportion of damaged apices in the savanna and forest species.
26585374	10	43	with	habitats	1326:1333	arg1	luminosity					1346:1355	lower luminosity	1340:1355	lower luminosity	1340:1355	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	10	44	from	lipids	1435:1440	arg1	colleters					1449:1457	the colleters	1445:1457	the colleters	1445:1457	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	1	45	theme	mucilage-resin	209:222	arg1	mixture					224:230	a mucilage-resin mixture	207:230	a mucilage-resin mixture protecting meristems and young structures against desiccation, herbivores, and pathogens	207:319	Colleters are secretory structures that produce and release mucilage or a mucilage-resin mixture protecting meristems and young structures against desiccation, herbivores, and pathogens.
26585374	9	46	contain	had	1166:1168	arg1	species					1158:1164	Savanna species	1150:1164	Savanna species	1150:1164	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	9	46	contain	had	1166:1168	arg2	prevalence					1172:1181	a prevalence	1170:1181	a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices	1170:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	6	47	from	distribution	938:949	arg1	variable					926:933	variable	926:933	variable	926:933	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	3	48	theme	colleter	576:583	arg1	secretions					585:594	colleter secretions	576:594	colleter secretions	576:594	In this study, we compared 17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment focusing on colleter secretions and its ecological role.
26585374	0	49	theme	ecological	39:48	arg1	aspects					50:56	ecological aspects	39:56	ecological aspects of stipular	39:68	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	9	50	theme	damaged	1270:1276	arg1	apices					1278:1283	damaged apices	1270:1283	damaged apices	1270:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	4	51	theme	colleters	702:710	arg1	distribution					657:668	distribution	657:668	distribution	657:668	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	4	51	theme	colleters	702:710	arg1	histochemistry					675:688	histochemistry	675:688	histochemistry	675:688	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	4	51	theme	colleters	702:710	arg1	morphology					645:654	morphology	645:654	morphology	645:654	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	9	52	contain	had	1244:1246	arg1	luminosity					1226:1235	higher luminosity	1219:1235	higher luminosity	1219:1235	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	9	52	contain	had	1244:1246	arg2	proportion					1256:1265	a lower proportion	1248:1265	a lower proportion of damaged apices	1248:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	10	53	contain	had	1361:1363	arg2	proportion					1374:1383	a higher proportion	1365:1383	a higher proportion	1365:1383	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	10	53	contain	had	1361:1363	arg1	species					1306:1312	forest species	1299:1312	forest species	1299:1312	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	6	54	from	size	955:958	arg1	variable					926:933	variable	926:933	variable	926:933	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	9	55	theme	lower	1250:1254	arg1	proportion					1256:1265	a lower proportion	1248:1265	a lower proportion of damaged apices	1248:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	11	56	theme	similar	1504:1510	arg1	morphology					1512:1521	similar morphology	1504:1521	similar morphology	1504:1521	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	11	57	from	protection	1679:1688	arg1	savanna					1713:1719	savanna	1713:1719	savanna	1713:1719	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	11	57	from	protection	1679:1688	arg1	environment					1744:1754	the forest environment	1733:1754	the forest environment	1733:1754	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	3	58	from	environment	552:562	arg1	species					520:526	17 Rubiaceae species	507:526	17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment	507:562	In this study, we compared 17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment focusing on colleter secretions and its ecological role.
26585374	9	59	theme	Savanna	1150:1156	arg1	species					1158:1164	Savanna species	1150:1164	Savanna species	1150:1164	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	10	60	from	proportion	1374:1383	arg1	general					1407:1413	general	1407:1413	general	1407:1413	In contrast, forest species occurred in habitats with lower luminosity and had a higher proportion of damaged apices, in general with the absence of lipids in the colleters.
26585374	0	61	from	savanna	126:132	arg1	species					93:99	Rubiaceae species	83:99	Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna	83:132	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	0	62	theme	stipular	61:68	arg1	Morphology					0:9	Morphology	0:9	Morphology	0:9	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	0	62	theme	stipular	61:68	arg1	composition					22:32	secretion composition	12:32	secretion composition	12:32	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	0	62	theme	stipular	61:68	arg1	aspects					50:56	ecological aspects	39:56	ecological aspects of stipular	39:68	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
26585374	3	63	theme	ecological	604:613	arg1	role					615:618	its ecological role	600:618	its ecological role	600:618	In this study, we compared 17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment focusing on colleter secretions and its ecological role.
26585374	9	64	from	prevalence	1172:1181	arg1	habitats					1205:1212	habitats	1205:1212	habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices	1205:1283	Savanna species had a prevalence of lipid secretion in habitats with higher luminosity, which had a lower proportion of damaged apices.
26585374	2	65	theme	different	370:378	arg1	types					380:384	same or different types	362:384	same or different types	362:384	The secretions may vary in colleters of same or different types, indicating that the functionality of colleters may be more specific than previously thought.
26585374	11	66	from	savanna	1601:1607	arg1	species					1588:1594	species	1588:1594	species	1588:1594	These results highlight that colleters with similar morphology clearly differed in secretions among species, especially between species from savanna and forest, in which the colleters appear potentially associated with protection against irradiation in savanna, but not in the forest environment.
26585374	6	67	theme	standard-type	901:913	arg1	colleters					915:923	standard-type colleters	901:923	standard-type colleters	901:923	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	7	68	dep	hydrophilic	1034:1044	arg1	to					1053:1054	to	1053:1054	to	1053:1054	The secretion varied from predominantly hydrophilic, mixed to predominantly lipophilic.
26585374	7	68	dep	hydrophilic	1034:1044	arg1	mixed					1047:1051	mixed	1047:1051	mixed	1047:1051	The secretion varied from predominantly hydrophilic, mixed to predominantly lipophilic.
26585374	7	68	dep	hydrophilic	1034:1044	arg1	lipophilic					1070:1079	lipophilic	1070:1079	lipophilic	1070:1079	The secretion varied from predominantly hydrophilic, mixed to predominantly lipophilic.
26585374	6	69	theme	variable	926:933	arg1	colleters					915:923	standard-type colleters	901:923	standard-type colleters	901:923	We recorded standard-type colleters, variable in distribution and size, in 14 of the 17 studied species.
26585374	4	70	dep	morphology	645:654	arg1	the					641:643	the	641:643	the	641:643	First, we evaluated the morphology, distribution, and histochemistry of stipular colleters using light and scanning electron microscopy.
26585374	3	71	theme	Rubiaceae	510:518	arg1	species					520:526	17 Rubiaceae species	507:526	17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment	507:562	In this study, we compared 17 Rubiaceae species from savanna and forest environment focusing on colleter secretions and its ecological role.
26585374	0	72	from	forest	115:120	arg1	species					93:99	Rubiaceae species	83:99	Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna	83:132	Morphology, secretion composition, and ecological aspects of stipular colleters in Rubiaceae species from tropical forest and savanna.
25093270	4	0	theme	present	569:575	arg1	study					577:581	the present study	565:581	the present study	565:581	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	6	1	theme	spectral	1308:1315	arg1	fitting					1317:1323	spectral fitting	1308:1323	spectral fitting	1308:1323	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	7	2	theme	chromatography-tandem	1489:1509	arg1	spectrometry					1516:1527	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1482:1527	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1482:1527	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	10	3	theme	substantial	1984:1994	arg1	differences					1996:2006	substantial differences	1984:2006	substantial differences in the enzyme profiles	1984:2029	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	1	4	theme	jecorina	280:287	arg1	anamorph					259:266	anamorph	259:266	anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina	259:287	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina).
25093270	6	5	theme	magic	1211:1215	arg1	angle					1217:1221	cross-polarisation magic angle	1192:1221	cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting	1192:1323	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	9	6	theme	several	1939:1945	arg1	cellulose					1890:1898	cellulose	1890:1898	cellulose	1890:1898	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	6	theme	several	1939:1945	arg1	proteins					1960:1967	several hypothetical proteins	1939:1967	several hypothetical proteins	1939:1967	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	1	7	theme	cellulolytic	179:190	arg1	enzymes					192:198	cellulolytic enzymes	179:198	cellulolytic enzymes	179:198	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina).
25093270	4	8	theme	substrates	677:686	arg1	properties					648:657	different physical and structural properties	614:657	different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates	614:686	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	10	9	theme	enzyme	2015:2020	arg1	profiles					2022:2029	the enzyme profiles	2011:2029	the enzyme profiles	2011:2029	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	2	10	theme	optimal	311:317	arg1	cocktail					329:336	optimal enzymatic cocktail	311:336	optimal enzymatic cocktail	311:336	In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate.
25093270	9	11	theme	glycoside	1735:1743	arg1	cellulases					1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	11	theme	glycoside	1735:1743	arg1	hydrolases					1745:1754	other glycoside hydrolases	1729:1754	other glycoside hydrolases	1729:1754	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	7	12	theme	Tandem	1421:1426	arg1	Tags					1433:1436	Tandem Mass Tags	1421:1436	Tandem Mass Tags (TMT)	1421:1442	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	7	12	theme	Tandem	1421:1426	arg1	TMT					1439:1441	TMT	1439:1441	TMT	1439:1441	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	4	13	theme	physical	624:631	arg1	properties					648:657	different physical and structural properties	614:657	different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates	614:686	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	9	14	theme	intracellular	1912:1924	arg1	cellulose					1890:1898	cellulose	1890:1898	cellulose	1890:1898	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	14	theme	intracellular	1912:1924	arg1	proteins					1926:1933	intracellular proteins	1912:1933	intracellular proteins	1912:1933	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	6	15	theme	13	1278:1279	arg1	C-NMR					1281:1285	C-NMR	1281:1285	C-NMR	1281:1285	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	4	16	theme	structural	637:646	arg1	properties					648:657	different physical and structural properties	614:657	different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates	614:686	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	0	17	theme	cellulosic	127:136	arg1	substrates					138:147	cellulosic substrates	127:147	cellulosic substrates	127:147	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	5	18	theme	different	851:859	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	18	theme	different	851:859	arg1	substrates					961:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	18	theme	different	851:859	arg1	Avicel®					917:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	7	19	theme	production	1394:1403	arg1	stages					1377:1382	early and late stages	1362:1382	early and late stages of enzyme production	1362:1403	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	8	20	with	ProteomeXchange	1566:1580	arg1	identifier					1587:1596	identifier PXD001304	1587:1606	identifier PXD001304	1587:1606	The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001304.
25093270	5	21	from	cultures	834:841	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	21	from	cultures	834:841	arg1	substrates					961:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	21	from	cultures	834:841	arg1	Avicel®					917:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	22	theme	industrial-like	929:943	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	22	theme	industrial-like	929:943	arg1	substrates					961:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	9	23	theme	auxiliary	1783:1791	arg1	cellulases					1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	23	theme	auxiliary	1783:1791	arg1	family					1810:1815	auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family	1783:1815	auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61)	1783:1831	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	23	theme	auxiliary	1783:1791	arg1	GH61					1827:1830	GH61	1827:1830	GH61	1827:1830	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	6	24	dep	resonance	1259:1267	arg1	CP/MAS					1270:1275	CP/MAS	1270:1275	CP/MAS (13)C-NMR	1270:1285	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	10	25	theme	minor	2065:2069	arg1	differences					2071:2081	minor differences	2065:2081	minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates	2065:2147	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	5	26	theme	pulp	956:959	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	26	theme	pulp	956:959	arg1	substrates					961:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	4	27	theme	enzymes	738:744	arg1	levels					701:706	levels	701:706	levels	701:706	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	4	27	theme	enzymes	738:744	arg1	profiles					712:719	profiles	712:719	profiles	712:719	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	6	28	theme	nuclear	1242:1248	arg1	resonance					1259:1267	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance	1232:1267	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR)	1232:1286	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	5	29	theme	Enzyme	769:774	arg1	production					776:785	Enzyme production	769:785	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30	769:807	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	30	theme	submerged	824:832	arg1	cultures					834:841	submerged cultures	824:841	submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin	824:1056	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	31	theme	commercial	896:905	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	31	theme	commercial	896:905	arg1	Avicel®					917:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	9	32	theme	AA9	1805:1807	arg1	cellulases					1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	32	theme	AA9	1805:1807	arg1	family					1810:1815	auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family	1783:1815	auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61)	1783:1831	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	32	theme	AA9	1805:1807	arg1	GH61					1827:1830	GH61	1827:1830	GH61	1827:1830	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	10	33	theme	chemical	2090:2097	arg1	composition					2099:2109	the chemical composition	2086:2109	the chemical composition	2086:2109	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	10	34	from	differences	1996:2006	arg1	profiles					2022:2029	the enzyme profiles	2011:2029	the enzyme profiles	2011:2029	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	6	35	theme	magnetic	1250:1257	arg1	resonance					1259:1267	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance	1232:1267	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR)	1232:1286	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	7	36	theme	protein	1448:1454	arg1	profiles					1456:1463	protein profiles	1448:1463	protein profiles	1448:1463	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	4	37	dep	levels	701:706	arg1	the					697:699	the	697:699	the	697:699	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	2	38	theme	growth	437:442	arg1	substrate					444:452	the growth substrate	433:452	the growth substrate	433:452	In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate.
25093270	2	39	theme	natural	377:383	arg1	regulation					385:394	the natural regulation	373:394	the natural regulation of the enzyme profile	373:416	In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate.
25093270	7	40	theme	late	1372:1375	arg1	stages					1377:1382	early and late stages	1362:1382	early and late stages of enzyme production	1362:1403	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	0	41	theme	enzyme	15:20	arg1	production					22:31	enzyme production	15:31	enzyme production	15:31	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	9	42	theme	124	1618:1620	arg1	proteins					1622:1629	total 124 proteins	1612:1629	total 124 proteins	1612:1629	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	7	43	theme	culture	1338:1344	arg1	supernatants					1346:1357	culture supernatants	1338:1357	culture supernatants	1338:1357	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	2	44	theme	enzyme	403:408	arg1	profile					410:416	the enzyme profile	399:416	the enzyme profile	399:416	In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate.
25093270	5	45	theme	reesei	793:798	arg1	C-30					804:807	T. reesei Rut C-30	790:807	T. reesei Rut C-30	790:807	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	0	46	theme	C-30	59:62	arg1	Morphology					0:9	Morphology	0:9	Morphology	0:9	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	0	46	theme	C-30	59:62	arg1	production					22:31	enzyme production	15:31	enzyme production	15:31	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	3	47	theme	complexity	476:485	arg1	influence					459:467	The influence	455:467	The influence of the complexity of cellulose on enzyme production by the microorganisms	455:541	The influence of the complexity of cellulose on enzyme production by the microorganisms is not understood.
25093270	0	48	theme	reesei	48:53	arg1	C-30					59:62	Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30	36:62	Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30	36:62	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	10	49	from	differences	2071:2081	arg1	composition					2099:2109	the chemical composition	2086:2109	the chemical composition	2086:2109	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	6	50	theme	spatial	1140:1146	arg1	distributions					1156:1168	the spatial polymer distributions	1136:1168	the spatial polymer distributions	1136:1168	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	10	51	theme	cellulose-rich	2123:2136	arg1	substrates					2138:2147	the cellulose-rich substrates	2119:2147	the cellulose-rich substrates	2119:2147	Surprisingly, substantial differences in the enzyme profiles were found even though there were minor differences in the chemical composition between the cellulose-rich substrates.
25093270	3	52	from	influence	459:467	arg1	production					510:519	enzyme production	503:519	enzyme production by the microorganisms	503:541	The influence of the complexity of cellulose on enzyme production by the microorganisms is not understood.
25093270	6	53	with	combination	1291:1301	arg1	fitting					1317:1323	spectral fitting	1308:1323	spectral fitting	1308:1323	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	3	54	theme	enzyme	503:508	arg1	production					510:519	enzyme production	503:519	enzyme production by the microorganisms	503:541	The influence of the complexity of cellulose on enzyme production by the microorganisms is not understood.
25093270	0	55	theme	Rut	55:57	arg1	C-30					59:62	Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30	36:62	Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30	36:62	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	7	56	theme	mass	1511:1514	arg1	spectrometry					1516:1527	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1482:1527	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1482:1527	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	9	57	theme	culture	1669:1675	arg1	supernatants					1677:1688	the culture supernatants	1665:1688	the culture supernatants	1665:1688	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	6	58	theme	fungal	1120:1125	arg1	enzymes					1127:1133	the fungal enzymes	1116:1133	the fungal enzymes	1116:1133	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	3	59	theme	cellulose	490:498	arg1	complexity					476:485	the complexity	472:485	the complexity of cellulose	472:498	The influence of the complexity of cellulose on enzyme production by the microorganisms is not understood.
25093270	7	60	theme	liquid	1482:1487	arg1	spectrometry					1516:1527	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1482:1527	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1482:1527	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	5	61	contain	contain	1016:1022	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	61	contain	contain	1016:1022	arg2	lignin					1051:1056	lignin	1051:1056	lignin	1051:1056	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	61	contain	contain	1016:1022	arg1	Avicel®					917:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	61	contain	contain	1016:1022	arg2	hemicellulose					1033:1045	residual hemicellulose	1024:1045	residual hemicellulose	1024:1045	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	1	62	theme	Hypocrea	271:278	arg1	jecorina					280:287	Hypocrea jecorina	271:287	Hypocrea jecorina	271:287	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina).
25093270	5	63	theme	cellulose	907:915	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	63	theme	cellulose	907:915	arg1	Avicel®					917:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	64	theme	cellulose-rich	861:874	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	64	theme	cellulose-rich	861:874	arg1	substrates					961:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	64	theme	cellulose-rich	861:874	arg1	Avicel®					917:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	commercial cellulose Avicel®	896:923	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	6	65	theme	cross-polarisation	1192:1209	arg1	angle					1217:1221	cross-polarisation magic angle	1192:1221	cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting	1192:1323	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	9	66	theme	hypothetical	1947:1958	arg1	cellulose					1890:1898	cellulose	1890:1898	cellulose	1890:1898	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	66	theme	hypothetical	1947:1958	arg1	proteins					1960:1967	several hypothetical proteins	1939:1967	several hypothetical proteins	1939:1967	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	6	67	theme	C-NMR	1281:1285	arg1	CP/MAS					1270:1275	CP/MAS	1270:1275	CP/MAS (13)C-NMR	1270:1285	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	2	68	theme	enzymatic	319:327	arg1	cocktail					329:336	optimal enzymatic cocktail	311:336	optimal enzymatic cocktail	311:336	In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate.
25093270	1	69	theme	enzymes	192:198	arg1	production					165:174	The industrial production	150:174	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes	150:198	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina).
25093270	9	70	theme	other	1729:1733	arg1	cellulases					1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	70	theme	other	1729:1733	arg1	hydrolases					1745:1754	other glycoside hydrolases	1729:1754	other glycoside hydrolases	1729:1754	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	4	71	theme	cellulose-rich	662:675	arg1	substrates					677:686	cellulose-rich substrates	662:686	cellulose-rich substrates	662:686	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	1	72	dep	reesei	251:256	arg1	anamorph					259:266	anamorph	259:266	anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina	259:287	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina).
25093270	7	73	theme	Mass	1428:1431	arg1	Tags					1433:1436	Tandem Mass Tags	1421:1436	Tandem Mass Tags (TMT)	1421:1442	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	7	73	theme	Mass	1428:1431	arg1	TMT					1439:1441	TMT	1439:1441	TMT	1439:1441	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	4	74	theme	different	614:622	arg1	properties					648:657	different physical and structural properties	614:657	different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates	614:686	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	0	75	theme	substrates	138:147	arg1	characteristics					108:122	the physical and structural characteristics	80:122	the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates	80:147	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	9	76	theme	lignin-degrading	1757:1772	arg1	cellulases					1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	76	theme	lignin-degrading	1757:1772	arg1	enzymes					1774:1780	lignin-degrading enzymes	1757:1780	lignin-degrading enzymes	1757:1780	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	5	77	theme	cellulosic	945:954	arg1	substrates					876:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	five different cellulose-rich substrates	846:885	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	5	77	theme	cellulosic	945:954	arg1	substrates					961:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates	929:970	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	9	78	theme	activity	1793:1800	arg1	cellulases					1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	cellulases	1701:1710	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	78	theme	activity	1793:1800	arg1	family					1810:1815	auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family	1783:1815	auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61)	1783:1831	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	9	78	theme	activity	1793:1800	arg1	GH61					1827:1830	GH61	1827:1830	GH61	1827:1830	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	7	79	theme	enzyme	1387:1392	arg1	production					1394:1403	enzyme production	1387:1403	enzyme production	1387:1403	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	4	80	theme	extracellular	724:736	arg1	enzymes					738:744	extracellular enzymes	724:744	extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei	724:766	In the present study we attempted to understand how different physical and structural properties of cellulose-rich substrates affected the levels and profiles of extracellular enzymes produced by T. reesei.
25093270	6	81	theme	carbon-13	1232:1240	arg1	resonance					1259:1267	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance	1232:1267	carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR)	1232:1286	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	1	82	theme	industrial	154:163	arg1	production					165:174	The industrial production	150:174	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes	150:198	The industrial production of cellulolytic enzymes is dominated by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei (anamorph of Hypocrea jecorina).
25093270	0	83	theme	physical	84:91	arg1	characteristics					108:122	the physical and structural characteristics	80:122	the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates	80:147	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	7	84	theme	early	1362:1366	arg1	stages					1377:1382	early and late stages	1362:1382	early and late stages of enzyme production	1362:1403	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	0	85	theme	structural	97:106	arg1	characteristics					108:122	the physical and structural characteristics	80:122	the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates	80:147	Morphology and enzyme production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 are affected by the physical and structural characteristics of cellulosic substrates.
25093270	7	86	from	stages	1377:1382	arg1	Proteins					1326:1333	Proteins	1326:1333	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production	1326:1403	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	6	87	theme	substrates	1102:1111	arg1	hydrolysis					1084:1093	the hydrolysis	1080:1093	the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes	1080:1133	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	9	88	theme	total	1612:1616	arg1	proteins					1622:1629	total 124 proteins	1612:1629	total 124 proteins	1612:1629	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	2	89	theme	profile	410:416	arg1	regulation					385:394	the natural regulation	373:394	the natural regulation of the enzyme profile	373:416	In order to develop optimal enzymatic cocktail, it is of importance to understand the natural regulation of the enzyme profile as response to the growth substrate.
25093270	5	90	theme	T.	790:791	arg1	C-30					804:807	T. reesei Rut C-30	790:807	T. reesei Rut C-30	790:807	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	9	91	theme	proteins	1859:1866	arg1	activities					1845:1854	activities	1845:1854	activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins	1845:1967	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	5	92	theme	Rut	800:802	arg1	C-30					804:807	T. reesei Rut C-30	790:807	T. reesei Rut C-30	790:807	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
25093270	7	93	from	Proteins	1326:1333	arg1	supernatants					1346:1357	culture supernatants	1338:1357	culture supernatants	1338:1357	Proteins in culture supernatants at early and late stages of enzyme production were labeled by Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) and protein profiles were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
25093270	6	94	theme	polymer	1148:1154	arg1	distributions					1156:1168	the spatial polymer distributions	1136:1168	the spatial polymer distributions	1136:1168	In order to evaluate the hydrolysis of the substrates by the fungal enzymes, the spatial polymer distributions were characterised by cross-polarisation magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS (13)C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting.
25093270	9	95	theme	enzymes	1872:1878	arg1	activities					1845:1854	activities	1845:1854	activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins	1845:1967	In total 124 proteins were identified and quantified in the culture supernatants, including cellulases, hemicellulases, other glycoside hydrolases, lignin-degrading enzymes, auxiliary activity 9 (AA9) family (formerly GH61), supporting activities of proteins and enzymes acting on cellulose, proteases, intracellular proteins and several hypothetical proteins.
25093270	5	96	theme	residual	1024:1031	arg1	hemicellulose					1033:1045	residual hemicellulose	1024:1045	residual hemicellulose	1024:1045	Enzyme production by T. reesei Rut C-30 was studied in submerged cultures on five different cellulose-rich substrates, namely, commercial cellulose Avicel® and industrial-like cellulosic pulp substrates which consist mainly of cellulose, but also contain residual hemicellulose and lignin.
28085065	0	0	theme	Ionic	85:89	arg1	Pretreatment					98:109	Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment	80:109	Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification	80:150	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	3	1	theme	substrate	720:728	arg1	properties					730:739	substrate properties	720:739	substrate properties	720:739	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	6	2	theme	new	1282:1284	arg1	insights					1286:1293	new insights	1282:1293	new insights	1282:1293	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	6	3	theme	energy	1473:1478	arg1	consumption					1480:1490	reduced energy consumption	1465:1490	reduced energy consumption	1465:1490	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	0	4	theme	Mild	80:83	arg1	Pretreatment					98:109	Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment	80:109	Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification	80:150	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	5	5	theme	enzymatic	1106:1114	arg1	hydrolysis					1116:1125	enzymatic hydrolysis	1106:1125	enzymatic hydrolysis	1106:1125	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	4	6	theme	wall	853:856	arg1	deconstruction					858:871	cell wall deconstruction	848:871	cell wall deconstruction	848:871	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	3	7	theme	enzymatic	651:659	arg1	hydrolysis					661:670	enzymatic hydrolysis	651:670	enzymatic hydrolysis	651:670	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	5	8	theme	integrated	1242:1251	arg1	methods					1253:1259	integrated methods	1242:1259	integrated methods	1242:1259	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	5	9	theme	first	1173:1177	arg1	step					1179:1182	the first step	1169:1182	the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods	1169:1259	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	6	10	theme	short	1358:1362	arg1	duration					1364:1371	short duration	1358:1371	short duration	1358:1371	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	4	11	theme	lignin	877:882	arg1	dissolution					884:894	lignin dissolution	877:894	lignin dissolution	877:894	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	5	12	theme	potential	1147:1155	arg1	approach					1157:1164	a potential approach	1145:1164	a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods	1145:1259	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	5	13	theme	energy	1071:1076	arg1	input					1078:1082	less energy input	1066:1082	less energy input	1066:1082	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	0	14	theme	Liquid	91:96	arg1	Pretreatment					98:109	Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment	80:109	Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification	80:150	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	5	15	theme	pretreatment	1212:1223	arg1	effectiveness					1225:1237	the sequential pretreatment effectiveness	1197:1237	the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods	1197:1259	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	6	16	with	technologies	1447:1458	arg1	consumption					1480:1490	reduced energy consumption	1465:1490	reduced energy consumption	1465:1490	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	2	17	with	pretreatment	460:471	arg1	conditions					483:492	mild conditions	478:492	mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min)	478:518	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	4	18	dep	decrystallization	969:985	arg1	the					965:967	the	965:967	the	965:967	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	18	dep	decrystallization	969:985	arg1	transformation					1004:1017	transformation	1004:1017	transformation	1004:1017	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	5	19	from	effectiveness	1225:1237	arg1	methods					1253:1259	integrated methods	1242:1259	integrated methods	1242:1259	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	5	20	with	pretreatment	1047:1058	arg1	input					1078:1082	less energy input	1066:1082	less energy input	1066:1082	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	2	21	theme	acetate	452:458	arg1	pretreatment					460:471	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment	424:471	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min)	424:518	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	6	22	theme	low	1338:1340	arg1	temperature					1342:1352	low temperature	1338:1352	low temperature	1338:1352	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	3	23	theme	properties	730:739	arg1	variation					707:715	the variation	703:715	the variation of substrate properties	703:739	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	6	24	theme	individual	1407:1416	arg1	technologies					1447:1458	individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies	1407:1458	individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption	1407:1490	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	1	25	theme	designer	176:183	arg1	solvents					185:192	designer solvents	176:192	designer solvents	176:192	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis.
28085065	4	26	theme	cell	848:851	arg1	deconstruction					858:871	cell wall deconstruction	848:871	cell wall deconstruction	848:871	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	3	27	theme	Chemical	580:587	arg1	analysis					601:608	Chemical composition analysis	580:608	Chemical composition analysis	580:608	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	6	28	with	pretreatment	1320:1331	arg1	temperature					1342:1352	low temperature	1338:1352	low temperature	1338:1352	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	6	28	with	pretreatment	1320:1331	arg1	duration					1364:1371	short duration	1358:1371	short duration	1358:1371	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	6	29	theme	pretreatment	1434:1445	arg1	technologies					1447:1458	individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies	1407:1458	individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption	1407:1490	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	3	30	theme	composition	589:599	arg1	analysis					601:608	Chemical composition analysis	580:608	Chemical composition analysis	580:608	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	2	31	theme	wood	412:415	arg1	topochemistry					388:400	the topochemistry	384:400	the topochemistry of poplar wood	384:415	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	31	theme	wood	412:415	arg1	characterization					340:355	the characterization	336:355	the characterization of the micromorphology	336:378	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	0	32	theme	Micromorphology	24:38	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.	0:151	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	1	33	theme	enzymatic	298:306	arg1	hydrolysis					308:317	the enzymatic hydrolysis	294:317	the enzymatic hydrolysis	294:317	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis.
28085065	2	34	dep	techniques	544:553	arg1	CLSM					564:567	CLSM	564:567	CLSM	564:567	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	34	dep	techniques	544:553	arg1	CRM					574:576	CRM	574:576	CRM	574:576	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	34	dep	techniques	544:553	arg1	FE-SEM					556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	34	dep	techniques	544:553	arg1	techniques					544:553	multiple microscopic techniques	523:553	multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM)	523:577	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	4	35	theme	biomass	773:779	arg1	conversion					781:790	the biomass conversion	769:790	the biomass conversion	769:790	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	36	theme	substrates	1022:1031	arg1	crystallinity					990:1002	crystallinity	990:1002	crystallinity	990:1002	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	36	theme	substrates	1022:1031	arg1	decrystallization					969:985	decrystallization	969:985	decrystallization	969:985	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	0	37	theme	Enzymatic	125:133	arg1	Saccharification					135:150	Enzymatic Saccharification	125:150	Enzymatic Saccharification	125:150	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	2	38	theme	mild	478:481	arg1	conditions					483:492	mild conditions	478:492	mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min)	478:518	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	0	39	theme	Topochemistry	44:56	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.	0:151	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	6	40	theme	ILs	1316:1318	arg1	critical					1383:1390	critical	1383:1390	critical	1383:1390	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	6	40	theme	ILs	1316:1318	arg1	pretreatment					1320:1331	the ILs pretreatment	1312:1331	the ILs pretreatment	1312:1331	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	6	41	theme	reduced	1465:1471	arg1	consumption					1480:1490	reduced energy consumption	1465:1490	reduced energy consumption	1465:1490	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	4	42	theme	73.64	829:833	arg1	%					824:824	%	824:824	%	824:824	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	43	dep	enhanced	804:811	arg1	%					834:834	20.57% to 73.64%	819:834	20.57% to 73.64%	819:834	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	44	dep	%	824:824	arg1	to					826:827	to	826:827	to	826:827	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	6	45	theme	combined	1425:1432	arg1	pretreatment					1434:1445	combined pretreatment	1425:1445	combined pretreatment	1425:1445	This study provides new insights on understanding the ILs pretreatment with low temperature and short duration, which is critical for developing individual and/or combined pretreatment technologies with reduced energy consumption.
28085065	1	46	theme	biomass	215:221	arg1	pretreatment					223:234	biomass pretreatment	215:234	biomass pretreatment	215:234	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis.
28085065	4	47	dep	deconstruction	858:871	arg1	the					844:846	the	844:846	the	844:846	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	47	dep	deconstruction	858:871	arg1	lignin					904:909	29.83% lignin	897:909	29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min	897:949	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	2	48	theme	multiple	523:530	arg1	CLSM					564:567	CLSM	564:567	CLSM	564:567	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	48	theme	multiple	523:530	arg1	CRM					574:576	CRM	574:576	CRM	574:576	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	48	theme	multiple	523:530	arg1	FE-SEM					556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	48	theme	multiple	523:530	arg1	techniques					544:553	multiple microscopic techniques	523:553	multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM)	523:577	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	49	dep	conditions	483:492	arg1	°C					498:499	90 °C	495:499	90 °C for 20 and 40 min	495:517	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	50	theme	micromorphology	364:378	arg1	topochemistry					388:400	the topochemistry	384:400	the topochemistry of poplar wood	384:415	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	50	theme	micromorphology	364:378	arg1	characterization					340:355	the characterization	336:355	the characterization of the micromorphology	336:378	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	4	51	theme	20.57	819:823	arg1	%					824:824	%	824:824	%	824:824	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	4	52	theme	%	902:902	arg1	lignin					904:909	29.83% lignin	897:909	29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min	897:949	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	5	53	theme	mild	1038:1041	arg1	pretreatment					1047:1058	The mild ILs pretreatment	1034:1058	The mild ILs pretreatment	1034:1058	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	0	54	dep	Micromorphology	24:38	arg1	the					20:22	the	20:22	the	20:22	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	4	55	theme	29.83	897:901	arg1	%					902:902	%	902:902	%	902:902	Our results indicated that the biomass conversion was greatly enhanced (from 20.57% to 73.64%) due to the cell wall deconstruction and lignin dissolution (29.83% lignin was removed after incubation for 40 min), rather than the decrystallization or crystallinity transformation of substrates.
28085065	5	56	theme	ILs	1043:1045	arg1	pretreatment					1047:1058	The mild ILs pretreatment	1034:1058	The mild ILs pretreatment	1034:1058	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	1	57	theme	Ionic	153:157	arg1	ILs					168:170	ILs	168:170	ILs	168:170	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis.
28085065	1	57	theme	Ionic	153:157	arg1	liquids					159:165	Ionic liquids	153:165	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents	153:192	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis.
28085065	2	58	theme	microscopic	532:542	arg1	CLSM					564:567	CLSM	564:567	CLSM	564:567	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	58	theme	microscopic	532:542	arg1	CRM					574:576	CRM	574:576	CRM	574:576	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	58	theme	microscopic	532:542	arg1	FE-SEM					556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	FE-SEM	556:561	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	58	theme	microscopic	532:542	arg1	techniques					544:553	multiple microscopic techniques	523:553	multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM)	523:577	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	3	59	theme	cellulase	616:624	arg1	isotherm					637:644	cellulase adsorption isotherm	616:644	cellulase adsorption isotherm	616:644	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	2	60	theme	poplar	405:410	arg1	wood					412:415	poplar wood	405:415	poplar wood	405:415	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	2	61	theme	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium	424:450	arg1	pretreatment					460:471	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment	424:471	1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min)	424:518	We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techniques (FE-SEM, CLSM, and CRM).
28085065	5	62	theme	sequential	1201:1210	arg1	effectiveness					1225:1237	the sequential pretreatment effectiveness	1197:1237	the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods	1197:1259	The mild ILs pretreatment, with less energy input, can not only enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, but also provide a potential approach as the first step in improving the sequential pretreatment effectiveness in integrated methods.
28085065	0	63	theme	Wood	68:71	arg1	Topochemistry					44:56	Topochemistry	44:56	Topochemistry	44:56	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	0	63	theme	Wood	68:71	arg1	Micromorphology					24:38	Micromorphology	24:38	Micromorphology	24:38	Characterization of the Micromorphology and Topochemistry of Poplar Wood during Mild Ionic Liquid Pretreatment for Improving Enzymatic Saccharification.
28085065	3	64	theme	adsorption	626:635	arg1	isotherm					637:644	cellulase adsorption isotherm	616:644	cellulase adsorption isotherm	616:644	Chemical composition analysis, XRD, cellulase adsorption isotherm, and enzymatic hydrolysis were also performed to monitor the variation of substrate properties.
28085065	1	65	theme	cellulose	248:256	arg1	accessibility					258:270	cellulose accessibility	248:270	cellulose accessibility	248:270	Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis.
26826221	2	0	theme	embryo	458:463	arg1	expansion					470:478	embryo cell expansion	458:478	embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture	458:561	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	7	1	theme	phenotypes	1229:1238	arg1	absence					1218:1224	The absence	1214:1224	The absence of phenotypes in mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc,	1214:1306	The absence of phenotypes in mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc, suggests that XYL1 plays the major role in this process.
26826221	6	2	theme	xyl1	963:966	arg1	phenotypes					975:984	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes	959:984	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes	959:984	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	0	3	theme	Endosperm	82:90	arg1	Characteristics					59:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics	45:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo	45:101	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	1	4	theme	cellulose	324:332	arg1	microfibrils					334:345	cellulose microfibrils	324:345	cellulose microfibrils during growth	324:359	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	4	5	theme	increased	821:829	arg1	resistance					831:840	increased resistance	821:840	increased resistance to high temperature	821:860	This mutant also exhibited reduced dormancy and increased resistance to high temperature.
26826221	1	6	theme	essential	167:175	arg1	mechanism					177:185	an essential mechanism	164:185	an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture	164:237	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	6	theme	essential	167:175	arg1	remodeling					150:159	Cell wall remodeling	140:159	Cell wall remodeling	140:159	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	7	theme	microfibrils	334:345	arg1	spacers					313:319	spacers	313:319	spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth	313:359	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	7	theme	microfibrils	334:345	arg1	xyloglucans					244:254	xyloglucans	244:254	xyloglucans (XyGs)	244:261	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	4	8	theme	high	845:848	arg1	temperature					850:860	high temperature	845:860	high temperature	845:860	This mutant also exhibited reduced dormancy and increased resistance to high temperature.
26826221	8	9	theme	XyG	1388:1390	arg1	abundance					1392:1400	the decreased XyG abundance	1374:1400	the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1374:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	6	10	theme	characteristics	1159:1173	arg1	restoration					1125:1135	the restoration	1121:1135	the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression	1121:1211	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	0	11	theme	Embryo	96:101	arg1	Characteristics					59:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics	45:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo	45:101	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	6	12	theme	germination	1147:1157	arg1	characteristics					1159:1173	normal germination characteristics	1140:1173	normal germination characteristics	1140:1173	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	5	13	theme	Xyl	954:956	arg1	trimming					942:949	the trimming	938:949	the trimming of Xyl	938:956	The XYL1 locus encodes an α-xylosidase required for XyG maturation through the trimming of Xyl.
26826221	7	14	theme	other	1265:1269	arg1	glycosidases					1271:1282	other glycosidases	1265:1282	other glycosidases	1265:1282	The absence of phenotypes in mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc, suggests that XYL1 plays the major role in this process.
26826221	0	15	theme	Seed	122:125	arg1	Germination					127:137	Arabidopsis Seed Germination	110:137	Arabidopsis Seed Germination	110:137	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	8	16	theme	cell	1492:1495	arg1	wall					1497:1500	cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth	1492:1533	wall	1497:1500	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	4	17	theme	reduced	800:806	arg1	dormancy					808:815	reduced dormancy	800:815	reduced dormancy	800:815	This mutant also exhibited reduced dormancy and increased resistance to high temperature.
26826221	2	18	theme	cell	391:394	arg1	enzymes					401:407	cell wall enzymes	391:407	cell wall enzymes	391:407	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	6	19	theme	normal	1140:1145	arg1	characteristics					1159:1173	normal germination characteristics	1140:1173	normal germination characteristics	1140:1173	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	6	20	theme	that	1056:1059	arg1	impact					1068:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact	1024:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance	1024:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	0	21	theme	Arabidopsis	110:120	arg1	Germination					127:137	Arabidopsis Seed Germination	110:137	Arabidopsis Seed Germination	110:137	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	7	22	theme	major	1337:1341	arg1	role					1343:1346	the major role	1333:1346	the major role	1333:1346	The absence of phenotypes in mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc, suggests that XYL1 plays the major role in this process.
26826221	6	23	theme	likely	1061:1066	arg1	impact					1068:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact	1024:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance	1024:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	6	24	theme	composition	1044:1054	arg1	impact					1068:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact	1024:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance	1024:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	2	25	theme	critical	417:424	arg1	role					426:429	a critical role	415:429	a critical role	415:429	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	8	26	theme	decreased	1378:1386	arg1	abundance					1392:1400	the decreased XyG abundance	1374:1400	the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1374:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	6	27	theme	wall	1039:1042	arg1	impact					1068:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact	1024:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance	1024:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	0	28	theme	Xyloglucan	0:9	arg1	Metabolism					11:20	Xyloglucan Metabolism	0:20	Xyloglucan Metabolism	0:20	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	0	29	dep	Endosperm	82:90	arg1	the					78:80	the	78:80	the	78:80	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	6	30	theme	cell	1034:1037	arg1	impact					1068:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact	1024:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance	1024:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	1	31	theme	major	268:272	arg1	hemicellulose					274:286	the major hemicellulose	264:286	the major hemicellulose	264:286	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	31	theme	major	268:272	arg1	xyloglucans					244:254	xyloglucans	244:254	xyloglucans (XyGs)	244:261	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	8	32	theme	anisotropic	1516:1526	arg1	growth					1528:1533	anisotropic growth	1516:1533	anisotropic growth	1516:1533	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	5	33	theme	XyG	915:917	arg1	maturation					919:928	XyG maturation	915:928	XyG maturation	915:928	The XYL1 locus encodes an α-xylosidase required for XyG maturation through the trimming of Xyl.
26826221	8	34	from	abundance	1392:1400	arg1	walls					1433:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls	1405:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1405:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	2	35	theme	wall	396:399	arg1	enzymes					401:407	cell wall enzymes	391:407	cell wall enzymes	391:407	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	2	36	theme	enzymes	401:407	arg1	activity					379:386	the activity	375:386	the activity of cell wall enzymes	375:407	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	8	37	theme	longitudinal	1415:1426	arg1	walls					1433:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls	1405:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1405:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	5	38	theme	XYL1	867:870	arg1	locus					872:876	The XYL1 locus	863:876	The XYL1 locus	863:876	The XYL1 locus encodes an α-xylosidase required for XyG maturation through the trimming of Xyl.
26826221	5	38	theme	XYL1	867:870	arg1	α-xylosidase					889:900	an α-xylosidase	886:900	an α-xylosidase required for XyG maturation through the trimming of Xyl	886:956	The XYL1 locus encodes an α-xylosidase required for XyG maturation through the trimming of Xyl.
26826221	1	39	theme	plant	209:213	arg1	growth					215:220	plant growth	209:220	plant growth	209:220	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	0	40	theme	Cell	49:52	arg1	Characteristics					59:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics	45:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo	45:101	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	3	41	theme	able	695:698	arg1	mutant					681:686	a mutant	679:686	a mutant	679:686	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	3	41	theme	able	695:698	arg1	xyl1					689:692	xyl1	689:692	xyl1	689:692	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	8	42	theme	hypocotyl	1405:1413	arg1	walls					1433:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls	1405:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1405:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	1	43	theme	growth	215:220	arg1	regulation					195:204	the regulation	191:204	the regulation of plant growth and architecture	191:237	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	3	44	theme	Arabidopsis	590:600	arg1	mutants					612:618	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants	577:618	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination	577:666	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	3	44	theme	Arabidopsis	590:600	arg1	thaliana					602:609	Arabidopsis thaliana	590:609	Arabidopsis thaliana	590:609	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	8	45	theme	pectin	1549:1554	arg1	de-methylesterification					1556:1578	pectin de-methylesterification	1549:1578	pectin de-methylesterification	1549:1578	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	8	46	theme	cell	1428:1431	arg1	walls					1433:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls	1405:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1405:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	8	47	from	role	1484:1487	arg1	wall					1497:1500	cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth	1492:1533	wall	1497:1500	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	8	47	from	role	1484:1487	arg1	growth					1528:1533	anisotropic growth	1516:1533	anisotropic growth	1516:1533	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	0	48	theme	Wall	54:57	arg1	Characteristics					59:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics	45:73	the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo	45:101	Xyloglucan Metabolism Differentially Impacts the Cell Wall Characteristics of the Endosperm and Embryo during Arabidopsis Seed Germination.
26826221	8	49	theme	potential	1474:1482	arg1	role					1484:1487	a potential role	1472:1487	a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification	1472:1578	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	8	50	theme	germinating	1442:1452	arg1	embryos					1454:1460	germinating embryos	1442:1460	germinating embryos	1442:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	7	51	theme	defective	1251:1259	arg1	mutants					1243:1249	mutants	1243:1249	mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc,	1243:1306	The absence of phenotypes in mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc, suggests that XYL1 plays the major role in this process.
26826221	3	52	theme	hormonal	636:643	arg1	control					645:651	the hormonal control	632:651	the hormonal control of germination	632:666	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	3	53	theme	Arabidopsis	577:587	arg1	mutants					612:618	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants	577:618	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination	577:666	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	3	53	theme	Arabidopsis	577:587	arg1	thaliana					602:609	Arabidopsis thaliana	590:609	Arabidopsis thaliana	590:609	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	1	54	theme	Cell	140:143	arg1	mechanism					177:185	an essential mechanism	164:185	an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture	164:237	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	54	theme	Cell	140:143	arg1	remodeling					150:159	Cell wall remodeling	140:159	Cell wall remodeling	140:159	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	55	theme	architecture	226:237	arg1	regulation					195:204	the regulation	191:204	the regulation of plant growth and architecture	191:237	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	2	56	theme	endosperm	522:530	arg1	weakening					532:540	endosperm weakening	522:540	endosperm weakening	522:540	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	7	57	from	absence	1218:1224	arg1	mutants					1243:1249	mutants	1243:1249	mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc,	1243:1306	The absence of phenotypes in mutants defective for other glycosidases, which trim Gal or Fuc, suggests that XYL1 plays the major role in this process.
26826221	6	58	theme	XYL1	1197:1200	arg1	expression					1202:1211	endosperm-specific XYL1 expression	1178:1211	endosperm-specific XYL1 expression	1178:1211	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	6	59	from	impact	1068:1073	arg1	resistance					1082:1091	its resistance	1078:1091	its resistance	1078:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	1	60	theme	wall	145:148	arg1	mechanism					177:185	an essential mechanism	164:185	an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture	164:237	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	1	60	theme	wall	145:148	arg1	remodeling					150:159	Cell wall remodeling	140:159	Cell wall remodeling	140:159	Cell wall remodeling is an essential mechanism for the regulation of plant growth and architecture, and xyloglucans (XyGs), the major hemicellulose, are often considered as spacers of cellulose microfibrils during growth.
26826221	3	61	theme	biosynthesis	759:770	arg1	paclobutrazol					716:728	paclobutrazol	716:728	paclobutrazol	716:728	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	3	61	theme	biosynthesis	759:770	arg1	inhibitor					734:742	an inhibitor	731:742	an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis	731:770	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	8	62	theme	embryos	1454:1460	arg1	walls					1433:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls	1405:1437	hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos	1405:1460	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	6	63	theme	endosperm-specific	1178:1195	arg1	expression					1202:1211	endosperm-specific XYL1 expression	1178:1211	endosperm-specific XYL1 expression	1178:1211	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	6	64	theme	endosperm	1024:1032	arg1	impact					1068:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact	1024:1073	endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance	1024:1091	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	8	65	dep	wall	1497:1500	arg1	loosening					1502:1510	loosening	1502:1510	loosening	1502:1510	Finally, the decreased XyG abundance in hypocotyl longitudinal cell walls of germinating embryos indicates a potential role in cell wall loosening and anisotropic growth together with pectin de-methylesterification.
26826221	2	66	theme	cell	465:468	arg1	expansion					470:478	embryo cell expansion	458:478	embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture	458:561	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26826221	3	67	theme	germination	656:666	arg1	control					645:651	the hormonal control	632:651	the hormonal control of germination	632:666	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	6	68	theme	mutant	968:973	arg1	phenotypes					975:984	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes	959:984	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes	959:984	The xyl1 mutant phenotypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on its resistance, as further demonstrated by the restoration of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.
26826221	3	69	theme	gibberellin	747:757	arg1	biosynthesis					759:770	gibberellin biosynthesis	747:770	gibberellin biosynthesis	747:770	A screen for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants affected in the hormonal control of germination identified a mutant, xyl1, able to germinate on paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis.
26826221	2	70	theme	radicle	491:497	arg1	protrusion					499:508	radicle protrusion	491:508	radicle protrusion	491:508	In the seed, the activity of cell wall enzymes plays a critical role in germination by enabling embryo cell expansion leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.
26249576	4	0	theme	pore	817:820	arg1	size					822:825	pore size	817:825	pore size	817:825	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	3	1	theme	physical/chemical	613:629	arg1	interactions					631:642	The physical/chemical interactions	609:642	The physical/chemical interactions	609:642	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	1	2	from	use	331:333	arg1	applications					357:368	various biomedical applications	338:368	various biomedical applications	338:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	3	3	theme	specific	664:671	arg1	groups					684:689	specific functional groups	664:689	specific functional groups	664:689	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	1	4	theme	hydrogel	280:287	arg1	films					289:293	novel hydrogel films	274:293	novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	274:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	2	5	theme	17	584:585	arg1	%					586:586	%	586:586	%	586:586	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	9	6	theme	good	1562:1565	arg1	ability					1582:1588	good blood clotting ability	1562:1588	good blood clotting ability	1562:1588	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	6	7	attach	present	1131:1137	arg2	PVA					1122:1124	PVA	1122:1124	PVA	1122:1124	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	6	7	attach	present	1131:1137	arg2	CS					1115:1116	CS	1115:1116	CS	1115:1116	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	6	7	attach	present	1131:1137	arg1	form					1156:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	4	8	theme	scanning	865:872	arg1	SEM					895:897	SEM	895:897	SEM	895:897	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	4	8	theme	scanning	865:872	arg1	microscopy					883:892	scanning electron microscopy	865:892	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	865:898	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	3	9	theme	groups	684:689	arg1	interactions					631:642	The physical/chemical interactions	609:642	The physical/chemical interactions	609:642	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	3	9	theme	groups	684:689	arg1	presence					652:659	the presence	648:659	the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials	648:718	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	3	10	dep	Fourier	738:744	arg1	transform					746:754	transform	746:754	transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy	746:784	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	2	11	theme	2.5	525:527	arg1	%					528:528	%	528:528	%	528:528	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	8	12	theme	absorption	1346:1355	arg1	degree					1327:1332	a greater degree	1317:1332	a greater degree of solution absorption (183%)	1317:1362	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	3	13	from	interactions	631:642	arg1	materials					710:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	10	14	theme	potential	1685:1693	arg1	utilization					1695:1705	their potential utilization	1679:1705	their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications	1679:1763	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	1	15	theme	new	229:231	arg1	method					246:251	a new crosslinking method	227:251	a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	227:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	4	16	theme	materials	834:842	arg1	structure					803:811	structure	803:811	structure	803:811	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	4	16	theme	materials	834:842	arg1	size					822:825	pore size	817:825	pore size	817:825	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	4	16	theme	materials	834:842	arg1	morphology					791:800	morphology	791:800	morphology	791:800	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	6	17	theme	amorphous	1146:1154	arg1	form					1156:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	9	18	dep	concentration	1429:1441	arg1	%					1446:1446	60%	1444:1446	60%	1444:1446	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	9	18	dep	concentration	1429:1441	arg1	%					1454:1454	80%	1452:1454	80%	1452:1454	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	5	19	theme	thermal	991:997	arg1	stability					999:1007	good thermal stability	986:1007	good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased	986:1057	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	6	20	from	form	1156:1159	arg1	present					1131:1137	present	1131:1137	present	1131:1137	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	8	21	theme	other	1379:1383	arg1	compositions					1385:1396	other compositions	1379:1396	other compositions	1379:1396	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	1	22	theme	biomedical	346:355	arg1	applications					357:368	various biomedical applications	338:368	various biomedical applications	338:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	9	23	theme	CS	1426:1427	arg1	concentration					1429:1441	greater CS concentration	1418:1441	greater CS concentration (60% and 80%)	1418:1455	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	9	24	with	hydrogels	1403:1411	arg1	concentration					1429:1441	greater CS concentration	1418:1441	greater CS concentration (60% and 80%)	1418:1455	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	6	25	from	present	1131:1137	arg1	form					1156:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	3	26	theme	FT-IR	766:770	arg1	spectroscopy					773:784	(FT-IR) spectroscopy	765:784	(FT-IR) spectroscopy	765:784	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	5	27	theme	gravimetric	909:919	arg1	TGA					931:933	TGA	931:933	TGA	931:933	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	5	27	theme	gravimetric	909:919	arg1	analysis					921:928	Thermal gravimetric analysis	901:928	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)	901:934	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	2	28	theme	%	586:586	arg1	acid					603:606	17% (w/v) sulfuric acid	584:606	17% (w/v) sulfuric acid	584:606	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	8	29	theme	%	1270:1270	arg1	%					1278:1278	The 20% PVA-80% CS	1264:1281	The 20% PVA-80% CS	1264:1281	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	0	30	theme	engineering	103:113	arg1	analysis					177:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	30	theme	engineering	103:113	arg1	characterization					129:144	characterization	129:144	characterization	129:144	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	30	theme	engineering	103:113	arg1	applications					115:126	tissue engineering applications	96:126	tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	96:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	10	31	from	utilization	1695:1705	arg1	applications					1752:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	10	31	from	utilization	1695:1705	arg1	healing					1716:1722	wound healing	1710:1722	wound healing	1710:1722	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	7	32	theme	pH7.4	1257:1261	arg1	solution					1245:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution	1215:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4	1215:1261	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	0	33	theme	Triethyl	0:7	arg1	orthoformate					9:20	Triethyl orthoformate	0:20	Triethyl orthoformate	0:20	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	1	34	theme	films	289:293	arg1	synthesis					261:269	the synthesis	257:269	the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	257:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	2	35	theme	sulfuric	594:601	arg1	acid					603:606	17% (w/v) sulfuric acid	584:606	17% (w/v) sulfuric acid	584:606	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	8	36	theme	crosslinked	1283:1293	arg1	films					1304:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films	1264:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films	1264:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	2	37	theme	chitosan	445:452	arg1	ratios					435:440	different ratios	425:440	different ratios of chitosan (CS)	425:457	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	2	37	theme	chitosan	445:452	arg1	CS					455:456	CS	455:456	CS	455:456	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	2	37	theme	chitosan	445:452	arg1	solutions					489:497	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions	463:497	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions	463:497	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	7	38	theme	PBS	1240:1242	arg1	solution					1245:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution	1215:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4	1215:1261	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	10	39	theme	engineering	1740:1750	arg1	applications					1752:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	0	40	theme	novel	33:37	arg1	method					52:57	a novel crosslinking method	31:57	a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	31:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	5	41	theme	crosslinked	954:964	arg1	films					975:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	7	42	theme	saline	1232:1237	arg1	solution					1245:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution	1215:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4	1215:1261	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	10	43	theme	skin	1728:1731	arg1	applications					1752:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	1	44	theme	potential	321:329	arg1	use					331:333	potential use	321:333	potential use in various biomedical applications	321:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	9	45	theme	porous	1486:1491	arg1	structure					1493:1501	relatively more porous structure	1470:1501	relatively more porous structure	1470:1501	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	7	46	theme	phosphate	1215:1223	arg1	solution					1245:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution	1215:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4	1215:1261	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	1	47	theme	crosslinking	233:244	arg1	method					246:251	a new crosslinking method	227:251	a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	227:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	8	48	theme	solution	1337:1344	arg1	absorption					1346:1355	solution absorption	1337:1355	solution absorption (183%)	1337:1362	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	8	48	theme	solution	1337:1344	arg1	%					1361:1361	183%	1358:1361	183%	1358:1361	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	9	49	theme	cell	1511:1514	arg1	viability					1516:1524	better cell viability	1504:1524	better cell viability	1504:1524	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	3	50	attach	presence	652:659	arg2	groups					684:689	specific functional groups	664:689	specific functional groups	664:689	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	3	50	attach	presence	652:659	arg1	materials					710:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	7	51	theme	solution	1166:1173	arg1	properties					1186:1195	The solution absorption properties	1162:1195	The solution absorption properties	1162:1195	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	1	52	from	PVA	313:315	arg1	films					289:293	novel hydrogel films	274:293	novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	274:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	1	52	from	PVA	313:315	arg1	synthesis					261:269	the synthesis	257:269	the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	257:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	9	53	theme	more	1481:1484	arg1	structure					1493:1501	relatively more porous structure	1470:1501	relatively more porous structure	1470:1501	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	1	54	theme	novel	274:278	arg1	films					289:293	novel hydrogel films	274:293	novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	274:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	3	55	theme	functional	673:682	arg1	groups					684:689	specific functional groups	664:689	specific functional groups	664:689	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	1	56	from	chitosan	300:307	arg1	films					289:293	novel hydrogel films	274:293	novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	274:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	1	56	from	chitosan	300:307	arg1	synthesis					261:269	the synthesis	257:269	the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	257:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	10	57	theme	observed	1628:1635	arg1	facts					1637:1641	the observed facts	1624:1641	the observed facts	1624:1641	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	8	58	dep	crosslinked	1283:1293	arg1	%					1278:1278	The 20% PVA-80% CS	1264:1281	The 20% PVA-80% CS	1264:1281	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	2	59	dep	%	528:528	arg1	w/v					531:533	w/v	531:533	w/v	531:533	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	3	60	from	presence	652:659	arg1	materials					710:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	9	61	theme	blood	1567:1571	arg1	ability					1582:1588	good blood clotting ability	1562:1588	good blood clotting ability	1562:1588	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	3	62	theme	synthesized	698:708	arg1	materials					710:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	the synthesized materials	694:718	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	2	63	theme	%	528:528	arg1	TEOF					559:562	TEOF	559:562	TEOF	559:562	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	2	63	theme	%	528:528	arg1	orthoformate					545:556	2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate	525:556	2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF)	525:563	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	6	64	theme	Differential	1060:1071	arg1	DSC					1095:1097	DSC	1095:1097	DSC	1095:1097	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	6	64	theme	Differential	1060:1071	arg1	calorimetry					1082:1092	Differential scanning calorimetry	1060:1092	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	1060:1098	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	1	65	from	synthesis	261:269	arg1	chitosan					300:307	chitosan	300:307	chitosan	300:307	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	1	65	from	synthesis	261:269	arg1	PVA					313:315	PVA	313:315	PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	313:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	3	66	dep	transform	746:754	arg1	infrared					756:763	infrared	756:763	transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy	746:784	The physical/chemical interactions and the presence of specific functional groups in the synthesized materials were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
26249576	8	67	link	crosslinked	1283:1293	arg1	films					1304:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films	1264:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films	1264:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	4	68	theme	electron	874:881	arg1	SEM					895:897	SEM	895:897	SEM	895:897	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	4	68	theme	electron	874:881	arg1	microscopy					883:892	scanning electron microscopy	865:892	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	865:898	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	0	69	theme	cytocompatibility	159:175	arg1	analysis					177:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	69	theme	cytocompatibility	159:175	arg1	applications					115:126	tissue engineering applications	96:126	tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	96:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	2	70	attach	crosslinked	508:518	arg3	presence					572:579	the presence	568:579	the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid	568:606	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	5	71	link	crosslinked	954:964	arg1	films					975:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	2	72	theme	triethyl	536:543	arg1	TEOF					559:562	TEOF	559:562	TEOF	559:562	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	2	72	theme	triethyl	536:543	arg1	orthoformate					545:556	2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate	525:556	2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF)	525:563	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	5	73	contain	have	981:984	arg2	stability					999:1007	good thermal stability	986:1007	good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased	986:1057	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	5	73	contain	have	981:984	arg1	films					975:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	5	74	theme	good	986:989	arg1	stability					999:1007	good thermal stability	986:1007	good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased	986:1057	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	5	75	theme	Thermal	901:907	arg1	TGA					931:933	TGA	931:933	TGA	931:933	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	5	75	theme	Thermal	901:907	arg1	analysis					921:928	Thermal gravimetric analysis	901:928	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)	901:934	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	10	76	theme	wound	1710:1714	arg1	healing					1716:1722	wound healing	1710:1722	wound healing	1710:1722	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	0	77	dep	in	150:151	arg1	vitro					153:157	vitro	153:157	vitro	153:157	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	78	theme	hydrogels	82:90	arg1	preparation					67:77	the preparation	63:77	the preparation of hydrogels	63:90	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	1	79	theme	various	338:344	arg1	applications					357:368	various biomedical applications	338:368	various biomedical applications	338:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	9	80	theme	greater	1418:1424	arg1	concentration					1429:1441	greater CS concentration	1418:1441	greater CS concentration (60% and 80%)	1418:1455	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	2	81	dep	%	586:586	arg1	w/v					589:591	w/v	589:591	w/v	589:591	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	0	82	theme	tissue	96:101	arg1	analysis					177:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	82	theme	tissue	96:101	arg1	characterization					129:144	characterization	129:144	characterization	129:144	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	82	theme	tissue	96:101	arg1	applications					115:126	tissue engineering applications	96:126	tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	96:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	83	dep	applications	115:126	arg1	analysis					177:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	83	dep	applications	115:126	arg1	characterization					129:144	characterization	129:144	characterization	129:144	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	83	dep	applications	115:126	arg1	applications					115:126	tissue engineering applications	96:126	tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	96:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	5	84	theme	CS	1036:1037	arg1	ratio					1039:1043	the CS ratio	1032:1043	the CS ratio	1032:1043	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	0	85	theme	in	150:151	arg1	analysis					177:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	150:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	0	85	theme	in	150:151	arg1	applications					115:126	tissue engineering applications	96:126	tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	96:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	6	86	located	present	1131:1137	arg2	PVA					1122:1124	PVA	1122:1124	PVA	1122:1124	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	6	86	located	present	1131:1137	arg2	CS					1115:1116	CS	1115:1116	CS	1115:1116	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	6	86	located	present	1131:1137	arg1	form					1156:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	the amorphous form	1142:1159	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	2	87	theme	acid	603:606	arg1	presence					572:579	the presence	568:579	the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid	568:606	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	4	88	dep	morphology	791:800	arg1	The					787:789	The	787:789	The	787:789	The morphology, structure and pore size of the materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
26249576	8	89	theme	CS	1280:1281	arg1	%					1278:1278	The 20% PVA-80% CS	1264:1281	The 20% PVA-80% CS	1264:1281	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	0	90	theme	crosslinking	39:50	arg1	method					52:57	a novel crosslinking method	31:57	a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis	31:184	Triethyl orthoformate mediated a novel crosslinking method for the preparation of hydrogels for tissue engineering applications: characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis.
26249576	7	91	theme	buffer	1225:1230	arg1	solution					1245:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution	1215:1252	phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4	1215:1261	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	2	92	theme	vinyl	468:472	arg1	poly					463:466	poly	463:466	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions	463:497	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	2	92	theme	vinyl	468:472	arg1	alcohol					474:480	vinyl alcohol	468:480	vinyl alcohol	468:480	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	10	93	theme	tissue	1733:1738	arg1	applications					1752:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	skin tissue engineering applications	1728:1763	Based on the observed facts these hydrogels can be tailored for their potential utilization in wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
26249576	8	94	theme	hydrogel	1295:1302	arg1	films					1304:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films	1264:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films	1264:1308	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	2	95	theme	different	425:433	arg1	ratios					435:440	different ratios	425:440	different ratios of chitosan (CS)	425:457	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	2	95	theme	different	425:433	arg1	CS					455:456	CS	455:456	CS	455:456	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	5	96	theme	hydrogel	966:973	arg1	films					975:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	these crosslinked hydrogel films	948:979	Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) proved that these crosslinked hydrogel films have good thermal stability which was decreased as the CS ratio was increased.
26249576	6	97	theme	scanning	1073:1080	arg1	DSC					1095:1097	DSC	1095:1097	DSC	1095:1097	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	6	97	theme	scanning	1073:1080	arg1	calorimetry					1082:1092	Differential scanning calorimetry	1060:1092	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	1060:1098	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited that CS and PVA were present in the amorphous form.
26249576	2	98	theme	poly	463:466	arg1	solutions					489:497	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions	463:497	poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions	463:497	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26249576	9	99	theme	clotting	1573:1580	arg1	ability					1582:1588	good blood clotting ability	1562:1588	good blood clotting ability	1562:1588	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	8	100	theme	greater	1319:1325	arg1	degree					1327:1332	a greater degree	1317:1332	a greater degree of solution absorption (183%)	1317:1362	The 20% PVA-80% CS crosslinked hydrogel films showed a greater degree of solution absorption (183%) as compared to other compositions.
26249576	1	101	theme	method	246:251	arg1	development					212:222	the development	208:222	the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications	208:368	This paper describes the development of a new crosslinking method for the synthesis of novel hydrogel films from chitosan and PVA for potential use in various biomedical applications.
26249576	9	102	theme	better	1504:1509	arg1	viability					1516:1524	better cell viability	1504:1524	better cell viability	1504:1524	The hydrogels with greater CS concentration (60% and 80%) demonstrated relatively more porous structure, better cell viability and proliferation and also revealed good blood clotting ability even after crosslinking.
26249576	7	103	theme	absorption	1175:1184	arg1	properties					1186:1195	The solution absorption properties	1162:1195	The solution absorption properties	1162:1195	The solution absorption properties were performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH7.4.
26249576	2	104	theme	hydrogel	377:384	arg1	membranes					386:394	These hydrogel membranes	371:394	These hydrogel membranes	371:394	These hydrogel membranes were synthesized by blending different ratios of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and were crosslinked with 2.5% (w/v) triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) in the presence of 17% (w/v) sulfuric acid.
26706845	0	0	theme	biomedical	79:88	arg1	application					90:100	biomedical application	79:100	biomedical application	79:100	Electrospun curcumin loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers for biomedical application.
26706845	9	1	contain	have	1477:1480	arg2	application					1492:1502	potential application	1482:1502	potential application	1482:1502	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	1	contain	have	1477:1480	arg2	patch					1524:1528	a wound dressing patch	1507:1528	a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds	1507:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	1	contain	have	1477:1480	arg1	%					1334:1334	The PCL/GT/Cur-3%	1318:1334	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media	1318:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	1	2	theme	poly	138:141	arg1	/gum					164:167	this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum	106:167	this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum	106:167	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	6	3	theme	in	967:968	arg1	profile					984:990	The in vitro release profile	963:990	The in vitro release profile of curcumin	963:1002	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	7	4	theme	nanofibers	1162:1171	arg1	composition					1173:1183	the nanofibers composition	1158:1183	the nanofibers composition	1158:1183	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	3	5	theme	MTT	638:640	arg1	analysis					642:649	MTT analysis	638:649	MTT analysis	638:649	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	2	6	theme	Field	307:311	arg1	FESEM					352:356	FESEM	352:356	FESEM	352:356	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	6	theme	Field	307:311	arg1	Microscopy					340:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy	307:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis	307:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	7	7	theme	concentration	1141:1153	arg1	effect					1122:1127	The effect	1118:1127	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability	1118:1205	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	9	8	theme	potential	1482:1490	arg1	patch					1524:1528	a wound dressing patch	1507:1528	a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds	1507:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	8	theme	potential	1482:1490	arg1	application					1492:1502	potential application	1482:1502	potential application	1482:1502	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	9	theme	rate	1547:1550	arg1	wounds					1552:1557	healing slow rate wounds	1534:1557	healing slow rate wounds	1534:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	4	10	theme	GT	716:717	arg1	addition					704:711	addition	704:711	addition of GT and curcumin in composition	704:745	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	7	11	theme	cell	1192:1195	arg1	viability					1197:1205	the cell viability	1188:1205	the cell viability	1188:1205	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	2	12	theme	Emission	313:320	arg1	FESEM					352:356	FESEM	352:356	FESEM	352:356	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	12	theme	Emission	313:320	arg1	Microscopy					340:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy	307:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis	307:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	1	13	theme	controlled	223:232	arg1	release					234:240	the controlled release	219:240	the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days	219:269	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	6	14	theme	%	1076:1076	arg1	nanofibers					1093:1102	PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1049:1102	PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1049:1102	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	4	15	theme	nanofibers	797:806	arg1	hydrophilicity					775:788	the hydrophilicity	771:788	the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers	771:806	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	9	16	theme	dressing	1515:1522	arg1	patch					1524:1528	a wound dressing patch	1507:1528	a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds	1507:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	16	theme	dressing	1515:1522	arg1	application					1492:1502	potential application	1482:1502	potential application	1482:1502	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	8	17	theme	curcumin	1271:1278	arg1	effect					1252:1257	The cytotoxic effect	1238:1257	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells	1238:1302	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells was examined.
26706845	7	18	theme	curcumin	1132:1139	arg1	concentration					1141:1153	curcumin concentration	1132:1153	curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition	1132:1183	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	9	19	theme	mechanical	1350:1359	arg1	properties					1361:1370	suitable mechanical properties	1341:1370	suitable mechanical properties	1341:1370	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	5	20	dep	nanofibers	911:920	arg1	preserved					922:930	preserved	922:930	nanofibers preserved their structure after 15 days	911:960	Biodegradation test for the fabricated nanofibers exhibited that PCL/GT, PCL/Cur-3% and PCL/GT/Cur-3% nanofibers preserved their structure after 15 days.
26706845	4	21	theme	curcumin	723:730	arg1	addition					704:711	addition	704:711	addition of GT and curcumin in composition	704:745	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	7	22	from	effect	1122:1127	arg1	viability					1197:1205	the cell viability	1188:1205	the cell viability	1188:1205	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	7	22	from	effect	1122:1127	arg1	composition					1173:1183	the nanofibers composition	1158:1183	the nanofibers composition	1158:1183	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	4	23	from	addition	704:711	arg1	composition					735:745	composition	735:745	composition	735:745	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	9	24	theme	degradation	1455:1465	arg1	media					1467:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	0	25	theme	Electrospun	0:10	arg1	curcumin					12:19	Electrospun curcumin	0:19	Electrospun curcumin	0:19	Electrospun curcumin loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers for biomedical application.
26706845	4	26	theme	angle	670:674	arg1	measurements					676:687	The water contact angle measurements	652:687	The water contact angle measurements	652:687	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	6	27	theme	%	1091:1091	arg1	nanofibers					1093:1102	PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1049:1102	PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1049:1102	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	2	28	theme	Microscopy	340:349	arg1	Fourier					369:375	Fourier	369:375	Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	369:458	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	28	theme	Microscopy	340:349	arg1	analysis					359:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis	307:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis	307:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	0	29	theme	poly	28:31	arg1	nanofibers					64:73	poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers	28:73	poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers	28:73	Electrospun curcumin loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers for biomedical application.
26706845	3	30	theme	water	550:554	arg1	capacity					567:574	water absorption capacity	550:574	water absorption capacity	550:574	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	6	31	dep	%	1029:1029	arg1	30.09					1024:1028	30.09	1024:1028	30.09	1024:1028	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	6	31	dep	%	1029:1029	arg1	14					1017:1018	14	1017:1018	14	1017:1018	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	6	32	dep	release	1037:1043	arg1	%					1029:1029	%	1029:1029	%	1029:1029	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	9	33	theme	maintaining	1415:1425	arg1	structure					1442:1450	their original structure	1427:1450	maintaining their original structure in degradation media	1415:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	2	34	theme	Infrared	387:394	arg1	FTIR					410:413	FTIR	410:413	FTIR	410:413	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	34	theme	Infrared	387:394	arg1	Spectroscopy					396:407	Infrared Spectroscopy	387:407	Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)	387:414	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	1	35	theme	curcumin	245:252	arg1	release					234:240	the controlled release	219:240	the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days	219:269	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	3	36	theme	biodegradation	600:613	arg1	test					615:618	biodegradation test	600:618	biodegradation test	600:618	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	6	37	theme	burst	1031:1035	arg1	release					1037:1043	6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release	1011:1043	6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1011:1102	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	9	38	theme	excellent	1373:1381	arg1	characteristics					1394:1408	excellent biological characteristics	1373:1408	excellent biological characteristics	1373:1408	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	3	39	dep	in	577:578	arg1	vitro					580:584	vitro	580:584	vitro	580:584	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	2	40	theme	scanning	433:440	arg1	DSC					455:457	DSC	455:457	DSC	455:457	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	40	theme	scanning	433:440	arg1	calorimetry					442:452	differential scanning calorimetry	420:452	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	420:458	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	7	41	theme	MTS	1227:1229	arg1	assay					1231:1235	the MTS assay	1223:1235	the MTS assay	1223:1235	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	2	42	theme	produced	493:500	arg1	nanofibers					502:511	the produced nanofibers	489:511	the produced nanofibers	489:511	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	9	43	theme	original	1433:1440	arg1	structure					1442:1450	their original structure	1427:1450	maintaining their original structure in degradation media	1415:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	3	44	theme	absorption	556:565	arg1	capacity					567:574	water absorption capacity	550:574	water absorption capacity	550:574	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	5	45	theme	fabricated	837:846	arg1	nanofibers					848:857	the fabricated nanofibers	833:857	the fabricated nanofibers	833:857	Biodegradation test for the fabricated nanofibers exhibited that PCL/GT, PCL/Cur-3% and PCL/GT/Cur-3% nanofibers preserved their structure after 15 days.
26706845	1	46	theme	tragacanth	169:178	arg1	membranes					194:202	tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes	169:202	tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days	169:269	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	2	47	theme	differential	420:431	arg1	DSC					455:457	DSC	455:457	DSC	455:457	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	47	theme	differential	420:431	arg1	calorimetry					442:452	differential scanning calorimetry	420:452	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	420:458	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	9	48	from	properties	1361:1370	arg1	media					1467:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	7	49	from	concentration	1141:1153	arg1	composition					1173:1183	the nanofibers composition	1158:1183	the nanofibers composition	1158:1183	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	6	50	theme	release	976:982	arg1	profile					984:990	The in vitro release profile	963:990	The in vitro release profile of curcumin	963:1002	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	5	51	theme	Biodegradation	809:822	arg1	test					824:827	Biodegradation test	809:827	Biodegradation test for the fabricated nanofibers	809:857	Biodegradation test for the fabricated nanofibers exhibited that PCL/GT, PCL/Cur-3% and PCL/GT/Cur-3% nanofibers preserved their structure after 15 days.
26706845	0	52	theme	/gum	48:51	arg1	nanofibers					64:73	poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers	28:73	poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers	28:73	Electrospun curcumin loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers for biomedical application.
26706845	9	53	with	%	1334:1334	arg1	properties					1361:1370	suitable mechanical properties	1341:1370	suitable mechanical properties	1341:1370	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	53	with	%	1334:1334	arg1	characteristics					1394:1408	excellent biological characteristics	1373:1408	excellent biological characteristics	1373:1408	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	53	with	%	1334:1334	arg1	structure					1442:1450	their original structure	1427:1450	maintaining their original structure in degradation media	1415:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	6	54	theme	curcumin	995:1002	arg1	profile					984:990	The in vitro release profile	963:990	The in vitro release profile of curcumin	963:1002	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	9	55	theme	slow	1542:1545	arg1	wounds					1552:1557	healing slow rate wounds	1534:1557	healing slow rate wounds	1534:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	56	theme	biological	1383:1392	arg1	characteristics					1394:1408	excellent biological characteristics	1373:1408	excellent biological characteristics	1373:1408	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	4	57	theme	contact	662:668	arg1	angle					670:674	water contact angle	656:674	The water contact angle measurements	652:687	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	6	58	dep	in	967:968	arg1	vitro					970:974	vitro	970:974	vitro	970:974	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	8	59	theme	released	1262:1269	arg1	curcumin					1271:1278	released curcumin	1262:1278	released curcumin	1262:1278	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells was examined.
26706845	2	60	dep	Fourier	369:375	arg1	Transform					377:385	Transform	377:385	Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	377:458	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	9	61	from	characteristics	1394:1408	arg1	media					1467:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	4	62	theme	water	656:660	arg1	angle					670:674	water contact angle	656:674	The water contact angle measurements	652:687	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	9	63	theme	wound	1509:1513	arg1	patch					1524:1528	a wound dressing patch	1507:1528	a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds	1507:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	9	63	theme	wound	1509:1513	arg1	application					1492:1502	potential application	1482:1502	potential application	1482:1502	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	8	64	from	effect	1252:1257	arg1	cells					1298:1302	the fibroblast cells	1283:1302	the fibroblast cells	1283:1302	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells was examined.
26706845	9	65	from	structure	1442:1450	arg1	media					1467:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	degradation media	1455:1471	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	8	66	theme	cytotoxic	1242:1250	arg1	effect					1252:1257	The cytotoxic effect	1238:1257	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells	1238:1302	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells was examined.
26706845	6	67	theme	%	1061:1061	arg1	nanofibers					1093:1102	PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1049:1102	PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers	1049:1102	The in vitro release profile of curcumin showed 6.86, 14 and 30.09% burst release for PCL/GT/Cur-1%, PCL/GT/Cur-3% and PCL/Cur-3% nanofibers respectively.
26706845	1	68	theme	GT	181:182	arg1	membranes					194:202	tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes	169:202	tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days	169:269	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	8	69	theme	fibroblast	1287:1296	arg1	cells					1298:1302	the fibroblast cells	1283:1302	the fibroblast cells	1283:1302	The cytotoxic effect of released curcumin on the fibroblast cells was examined.
26706845	7	70	from	composition	1173:1183	arg1	effect					1122:1127	The effect	1118:1127	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability	1118:1205	The effect of curcumin concentration in the nanofibers composition on the cell viability was assessed by the MTS assay.
26706845	3	71	theme	drug	586:589	arg1	release					591:597	in vitro drug release	577:597	in vitro drug release	577:597	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	4	72	from	increase	759:766	arg1	hydrophilicity					775:788	the hydrophilicity	771:788	the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers	771:806	The water contact angle measurements indicated that addition of GT and curcumin in composition resulted in increase in the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers.
26706845	1	73	theme	-loaded	130:136	arg1	/gum					164:167	this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum	106:167	this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum	106:167	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	3	74	theme	cell	621:624	arg1	culture					626:632	cell culture	621:632	cell culture	621:632	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	2	75	theme	Electron	331:338	arg1	FESEM					352:356	FESEM	352:356	FESEM	352:356	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	75	theme	Electron	331:338	arg1	Microscopy					340:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy	307:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis	307:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	9	76	theme	healing	1534:1540	arg1	wounds					1552:1557	healing slow rate wounds	1534:1557	healing slow rate wounds	1534:1557	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
26706845	1	77	theme	scaffold	185:192	arg1	membranes					194:202	tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes	169:202	tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days	169:269	In this work curcumin (Cur)-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gum tragacanth (GT) scaffold membranes which provided the controlled release of curcumin for over 20 days were fabricated by electrospinning.
26706845	0	78	theme	tragacanth	53:62	arg1	nanofibers					64:73	poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers	28:73	poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers	28:73	Electrospun curcumin loaded poly(ε-caprolactone)/gum tragacanth nanofibers for biomedical application.
26706845	3	79	theme	in	577:578	arg1	release					591:597	in vitro drug release	577:597	in vitro drug release	577:597	These nanofibers were evaluated for water absorption capacity, in vitro drug release, biodegradation test, cell culture and MTT analysis.
26706845	2	80	theme	Scanning	322:329	arg1	FESEM					352:356	FESEM	352:356	FESEM	352:356	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	2	80	theme	Scanning	322:329	arg1	Microscopy					340:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy	307:349	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis	307:366	Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterize the produced nanofibers.
26706845	9	81	theme	suitable	1341:1348	arg1	properties					1361:1370	suitable mechanical properties	1341:1370	suitable mechanical properties	1341:1370	The PCL/GT/Cur-3% with suitable mechanical properties, excellent biological characteristics, and maintaining their original structure in degradation media may have potential application as a wound dressing patch for healing slow rate wounds.
28843194	0	0	theme	bioimaging	130:139	arg1	cells					146:150	bioimaging live cells	130:150	bioimaging live cells	130:150	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	6	1	theme	laser	1521:1525	arg1	excitation					1527:1536	violet laser excitation	1514:1536	violet laser excitation	1514:1536	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	2	2	theme	biomedical	392:401	arg1	applications					403:414	most biomedical applications	387:414	most biomedical applications	387:414	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	5	3	theme	quantum-size	1358:1369	arg1	effect					1383:1388	quantum-size confinement effect	1358:1388	quantum-size confinement effect	1358:1388	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	7	4	theme	promising	1735:1743	arg1	perspectives					1745:1756	very promising perspectives	1730:1756	very promising perspectives	1730:1756	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	6	5	theme	violet	1514:1519	arg1	excitation					1527:1536	violet laser excitation	1514:1536	violet laser excitation	1514:1536	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	5	6	theme	colloidal	1193:1201	arg1	nanocrystals					1203:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals	1189:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm	1189:1287	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	1	7	theme	light-emitting	200:213	arg1	dots					185:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots	153:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs)	153:194	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	7	theme	light-emitting	200:213	arg1	nanoparticles					227:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	3	8	dep	MX	602:603	arg1	M=Cd					606:609	M=Cd	606:609	M=Cd	606:609	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	3	8	dep	MX	602:603	arg1	X=S					620:622	X=S	620:622	X=S	620:622	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	3	8	dep	MX	602:603	arg1	Zn					616:617	Zn	616:617	Zn	616:617	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	3	8	dep	MX	602:603	arg1	Pb					612:613	Pb	612:613	Pb	612:613	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	1	9	theme	unique	295:300	arg1	properties					310:319	unique optical properties	295:319	unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic	295:360	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	4	10	theme	light	1063:1067	arg1	scattering					1069:1078	dynamic light scattering	1055:1078	dynamic light scattering	1055:1078	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	5	11	theme	average	1246:1252	arg1	diameter					1254:1261	the average diameter	1242:1261	the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm	1242:1287	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	2	12	theme	most	387:390	arg1	applications					403:414	most biomedical applications	387:414	most biomedical applications	387:414	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	5	13	theme	CdS	1219:1221	arg1	nanocrystals					1203:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals	1189:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm	1189:1287	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	1	14	theme	optical	302:308	arg1	properties					310:319	unique optical properties	295:319	unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic	295:360	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	0	15	theme	live	141:144	arg1	cells					146:150	bioimaging live cells	130:150	bioimaging live cells	130:150	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	7	16	theme	live	1704:1707	arg1	bioimaging					1714:1723	in vitro live cell bioimaging	1695:1723	in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine	1695:1820	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	4	17	theme	infrared	979:986	arg1	spectroscopy					988:999	infrared spectroscopy	979:999	infrared spectroscopy	979:999	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	3	18	theme	quantum	581:587	arg1	dots					589:592	semiconductor II-VI quantum dots	561:592	semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S)	561:623	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	7	19	with	bioimaging	1714:1723	arg1	perspectives					1745:1756	very promising perspectives	1730:1756	very promising perspectives	1730:1756	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	7	20	dep	in	1695:1696	arg1	vitro					1698:1702	vitro	1698:1702	vitro	1698:1702	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	3	21	theme	semiconductor	561:573	arg1	dots					589:592	semiconductor II-VI quantum dots	561:592	semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S)	561:623	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	4	22	theme	photoelectron	933:945	arg1	spectroscopy					947:958	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	927:958	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	927:958	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	3	23	theme	MX	602:603	arg1	dots					589:592	semiconductor II-VI quantum dots	561:592	semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S)	561:623	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	1	24	theme	ultra-small	215:225	arg1	dots					185:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots	153:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs)	153:194	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	24	theme	ultra-small	215:225	arg1	nanoparticles					227:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	7	25	theme	composition-dependent	1646:1666	arg1	nanoprobes					1680:1689	composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes	1646:1689	composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine	1646:1820	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	4	26	theme	X-ray	927:931	arg1	spectroscopy					947:958	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	927:958	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	927:958	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	0	27	theme	II-VI	14:18	arg1	dot-carboxymethylcellulose					42:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	5	28	theme	ZnS	1224:1226	arg1	nanocrystals					1203:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals	1189:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm	1189:1287	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	0	29	theme	Bioengineered	0:12	arg1	dot-carboxymethylcellulose					42:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	7	30	theme	cell	1709:1712	arg1	bioimaging					1714:1723	in vitro live cell bioimaging	1695:1723	in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine	1695:1820	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	2	31	used	used	378:381	arg2	biocompatibility					420:435	biocompatibility	420:435	biocompatibility	420:435	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	2	31	used	used	378:381	arg2	water-solubility					441:456	water-solubility	441:456	water-solubility	441:456	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	6	32	theme	near-infrared	1473:1485	arg1	range					1487:1491	near-infrared range	1473:1491	near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation	1473:1536	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	6	33	theme	QD/polysaccharide	1397:1413	arg1	conjugates					1415:1424	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates	1391:1424	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates	1391:1424	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	2	34	theme	surface	498:504	arg1	modification					506:517	surface modification	498:517	surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates	498:543	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	6	35	from	UV-visible	1459:1468	arg1	activity					1445:1452	luminescent activity	1433:1452	luminescent activity from UV-visible	1433:1468	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	4	36	theme	electron	1034:1041	arg1	microscopy					1043:1052	transmission electron microscopy	1021:1052	transmission electron microscopy	1021:1052	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	0	37	theme	semiconductor	20:32	arg1	dot-carboxymethylcellulose					42:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	3	38	theme	surface	782:788	arg1	ligand					804:809	and surface biofunctional ligand	778:809	ligand	804:809	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	4	39	theme	transmission	1021:1032	arg1	microscopy					1043:1052	transmission electron microscopy	1021:1052	transmission electron microscopy	1021:1052	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	3	40	theme	room	675:678	arg1	temperature					680:690	room temperature	675:690	room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand	675:809	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	1	41	theme	Colloidal	153:161	arg1	dots					185:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots	153:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs)	153:194	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	41	theme	Colloidal	153:161	arg1	nanoparticles					227:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	41	theme	Colloidal	153:161	arg1	QDs					191:193	QDs	191:193	QDs	191:193	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	5	42	theme	confinement	1371:1381	arg1	effect					1383:1388	quantum-size confinement effect	1358:1388	quantum-size confinement effect	1358:1388	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	3	43	theme	biofunctional	790:802	arg1	ligand					804:809	and surface biofunctional ligand	778:809	ligand	804:809	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	4	44	theme	dynamic	1055:1061	arg1	scattering					1069:1078	dynamic light scattering	1055:1078	dynamic light scattering	1055:1078	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	5	45	theme	semiconductor	1325:1337	arg1	core					1339:1342	the semiconductor core	1321:1342	the semiconductor core	1321:1342	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	4	46	theme	photoluminescence	895:911	arg1	spectroscopy					913:924	photoluminescence spectroscopy	895:924	photoluminescence spectroscopy	895:924	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	5	47	with	nanocrystals	1203:1214	arg1	diameter					1254:1261	the average diameter	1242:1261	the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm	1242:1287	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	0	48	theme	quantum	34:40	arg1	dot-carboxymethylcellulose					42:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose	0:67	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	0	49	theme	multifunctional	87:101	arg1	nanoprobes					115:124	multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes	87:124	multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells	87:150	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	4	50	theme	X-ray	1002:1006	arg1	diffraction					1008:1018	X-ray diffraction	1002:1018	X-ray diffraction	1002:1018	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	4	51	theme	zeta	1084:1087	arg1	potential					1089:1097	zeta potential	1084:1097	zeta potential	1084:1097	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	7	52	theme	novel	1591:1595	arg1	nanoconjugates					1597:1610	these novel nanoconjugates	1585:1610	these novel nanoconjugates	1585:1610	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	1	53	theme	semiconductor	163:175	arg1	dots					185:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots	153:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs)	153:194	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	53	theme	semiconductor	163:175	arg1	nanoparticles					227:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	53	theme	semiconductor	163:175	arg1	QDs					191:193	QDs	191:193	QDs	191:193	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	4	54	dep	Fourier	961:967	arg1	transform					969:977	transform	969:977	transform infrared spectroscopy	969:999	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	7	55	theme	numerous	1772:1779	arg1	applications					1792:1803	numerous biomedical applications	1772:1803	numerous biomedical applications	1772:1803	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	3	56	theme	sodium	721:726	arg1	CMC					734:736	CMC	734:736	CMC	734:736	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	3	56	theme	sodium	721:726	arg1	salt					728:731	carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt	698:731	carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand	698:809	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	1	57	theme	quantum	177:183	arg1	dots					185:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots	153:188	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs)	153:194	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	57	theme	quantum	177:183	arg1	nanoparticles					227:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles	200:239	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	1	57	theme	quantum	177:183	arg1	QDs					191:193	QDs	191:193	QDs	191:193	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	7	58	theme	biomedical	1781:1790	arg1	applications					1792:1803	numerous biomedical applications	1772:1803	numerous biomedical applications	1772:1803	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	6	59	theme	luminescent	1433:1443	arg1	activity					1445:1452	luminescent activity	1433:1452	luminescent activity from UV-visible	1433:1468	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	7	60	theme	in	1695:1696	arg1	bioimaging					1714:1723	in vitro live cell bioimaging	1695:1723	in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine	1695:1820	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	3	61	theme	aqueous	654:660	arg1	media					662:666	aqueous media	654:666	aqueous media	654:666	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	2	62	dep	mandatory	462:470	arg1	used					378:381	used	378:381	to be used for most biomedical applications	372:414	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	1	63	theme	new	266:268	arg1	class					270:274	a new class	264:274	a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic	264:360	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	7	64	theme	fluorescent	1668:1678	arg1	nanoprobes					1680:1689	composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes	1646:1689	composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine	1646:1820	Moreover, the bioassays performed proved that these novel nanoconjugates were biocompatible and behaved as composition-dependent fluorescent nanoprobes for in vitro live cell bioimaging with very promising perspectives to be used in numerous biomedical applications and nanomedicine.
28843194	2	65	dep	biocompatibility	420:435	arg1	the					416:418	the	416:418	the	416:418	However, to be used for most biomedical applications the biocompatibility and water-solubility are mandatory that can achieved through surface modification forming QD-nanoconjugates.
28843194	6	66	theme	spectra	1500:1506	arg1	range					1487:1491	near-infrared range	1473:1491	near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation	1473:1536	These QD/polysaccharide conjugates showed luminescent activity from UV-visible to near-infrared range of the spectra under violet laser excitation.
28843194	5	67	theme	core	1339:1342	arg1	composition					1306:1316	the composition	1302:1316	the composition	1302:1316	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	3	68	theme	carboxymethylcellulose	698:719	arg1	CMC					734:736	CMC	734:736	CMC	734:736	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	3	68	theme	carboxymethylcellulose	698:719	arg1	salt					728:731	carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt	698:731	carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand	698:809	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	1	69	with	nanoprobes	279:288	arg1	properties					310:319	unique optical properties	295:319	unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic	295:360	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
28843194	0	70	theme	fluorescent	103:113	arg1	nanoprobes					115:124	multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes	87:124	multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells	87:150	Bioengineered II-VI semiconductor quantum dot-carboxymethylcellulose nanoconjugates as multifunctional fluorescent nanoprobes for bioimaging live cells.
28843194	5	71	theme	PbS	1233:1235	arg1	nanocrystals					1203:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals	1189:1214	the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm	1189:1287	The results demonstrated that the biopolymer was effective on nucleating and stabilizing the colloidal nanocrystals of CdS, ZnS, and PbS with the average diameter ranging from 2.0 to 5.0nm depending on the composition of the semiconductor core, which showed quantum-size confinement effect.
28843194	4	72	theme	UV-visible	870:879	arg1	spectroscopy					881:892	UV-visible spectroscopy	870:892	UV-visible spectroscopy	870:892	These nanoconjugates were extensively characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential.
28843194	3	73	theme	type	597:600	arg1	MX					602:603	type MX	597:603	type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S)	597:623	In this study, semiconductor II-VI quantum dots of type MX (M=Cd, Pb, Zn, X=S) were directly synthesized in aqueous media and at room temperature using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) behaving simultaneously as stabilizing and surface biofunctional ligand.
28843194	1	74	theme	nanoprobes	279:288	arg1	class					270:274	a new class	264:274	a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic	264:360	Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are light-emitting ultra-small nanoparticles, which have emerged as a new class of nanoprobes with unique optical properties for bioimaging and biomedical diagnostic.
25105509	0	0	theme	therapeutic	81:91	arg1	alternative					93:103	a novel therapeutic alternative	73:103	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	1	theme	collagen	1362:1369	arg1	fragments					1371:1379	collagen fragments	1362:1379	collagen fragments	1362:1379	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	6	2	theme	3T3	745:747	arg1	proliferation					760:772	3T3 fibroblast proliferation	745:772	3T3 fibroblast proliferation	745:772	Notably, 3T3 fibroblast proliferation was seen to be significantly better under CHCS treatment when compared to treatment with collagen scaffold.
25105509	0	3	theme	novel	75:79	arg1	alternative					93:103	a novel therapeutic alternative	73:103	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	4	theme	CHCS	1343:1346	arg1	alternative					1418:1428	an effective and affordable alternative	1390:1428	an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1390:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	9	4	theme	CHCS	1343:1346	arg1	scaffold					1348:1355	the CHCS scaffold	1339:1355	the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments	1339:1379	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	7	5	theme	excellent	908:916	arg1	activity					932:939	excellent antimicrobial activity	908:939	excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli	908:1030	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	5	6	theme	controlled	676:685	arg1	biodegradation					687:700	controlled biodegradation	676:700	controlled biodegradation	676:700	Incorporation of silica conferred CHCS with controlled biodegradation and better water uptake capacity.
25105509	7	7	theme	antimicrobial	918:930	arg1	activity					932:939	excellent antimicrobial activity	908:939	excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli	908:1030	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	8	8	dep	In	1101:1102	arg1	vivo					1104:1107	vivo	1104:1107	vivo	1104:1107	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	8	9	theme	In	1101:1102	arg1	healing					1115:1121	In vivo wound healing	1101:1121	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1101:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	7	10	dep	pathogens	959:967	arg1	aureus					984:989	Staphylococcus aureus	969:989	Staphylococcus aureus	969:989	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	7	10	dep	pathogens	959:967	arg1	subtilis					1001:1008	Bacillus subtilis	992:1008	Bacillus subtilis	992:1008	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	7	10	dep	pathogens	959:967	arg1	coli					1027:1030	Escherichia coli	1015:1030	Escherichia coli	1015:1030	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	8	11	dep	showed	1227:1232	arg1	accelerated					1234:1244	accelerated	1234:1244	showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold	1227:1307	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	3	12	theme	transition	482:491	arg1	procedure					493:501	sol-gel transition procedure	474:501	sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor	474:549	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	0	13	theme	traditional	112:122	arg1	scaffold					133:140	the traditional collagen scaffold	108:140	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	8	14	theme	healing	1115:1121	arg1	experiments					1123:1133	In vivo wound healing experiments	1101:1133	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1101:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	15	theme	novel	271:275	arg1	approach					277:284	a novel approach	269:284	a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold	269:404	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	3	16	theme	composite	428:436	arg1	CHCS					448:451	CHCS	448:451	CHCS	448:451	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	3	16	theme	composite	428:436	arg1	scaffold					438:445	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	407:445	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS)	407:452	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	2	17	theme	collagen	388:395	arg1	scaffold					397:404	traditionally used collagen scaffold	369:404	traditionally used collagen scaffold	369:404	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	8	18	theme	collagen	1291:1298	arg1	scaffold					1300:1307	collagen scaffold	1291:1307	collagen scaffold	1291:1307	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	8	19	from	wounds	1164:1169	arg1	model					1178:1182	rat model	1174:1182	rat model	1174:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	3	20	theme	Collagen	407:414	arg1	CHCS					448:451	CHCS	448:451	CHCS	448:451	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	3	20	theme	Collagen	407:414	arg1	scaffold					438:445	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	407:445	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS)	407:452	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	0	21	dep	alternative	93:103	arg1	to					105:106	to	105:106	to	105:106	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	0	21	dep	alternative	93:103	arg1	scaffold					133:140	the traditional collagen scaffold	108:140	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	22	theme	used	383:386	arg1	scaffold					397:404	traditionally used collagen scaffold	369:404	traditionally used collagen scaffold	369:404	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	0	23	theme	assisted	8:15	arg1	fabrication					17:27	Sol-gel assisted fabrication	0:27	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	5	24	theme	silica	649:654	arg1	Incorporation					632:644	Incorporation	632:644	Incorporation of silica	632:654	Incorporation of silica conferred CHCS with controlled biodegradation and better water uptake capacity.
25105509	6	25	theme	CHCS	816:819	arg1	treatment					821:829	CHCS treatment	816:829	CHCS treatment	816:829	Notably, 3T3 fibroblast proliferation was seen to be significantly better under CHCS treatment when compared to treatment with collagen scaffold.
25105509	1	26	theme	used	178:181	arg1	biomaterial					183:193	the most widely used biomaterial	162:193	the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications	162:229	Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications.
25105509	0	27	theme	Sol-gel	0:6	arg1	fabrication					17:27	Sol-gel assisted fabrication	0:27	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	28	theme	affordable	1407:1416	arg1	alternative					1418:1428	an effective and affordable alternative	1390:1428	an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1390:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	9	28	theme	affordable	1407:1416	arg1	scaffold					1348:1355	the CHCS scaffold	1339:1355	the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments	1339:1379	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	1	29	theme	biomaterial	183:193	arg1	one					155:157	one	155:157	one	155:157	Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications.
25105509	1	29	theme	biomaterial	183:193	arg1	biomaterial					183:193	the most widely used biomaterial	162:193	the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications	162:229	Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications.
25105509	6	30	with	treatment	848:856	arg1	scaffold					872:879	collagen scaffold	863:879	collagen scaffold	863:879	Notably, 3T3 fibroblast proliferation was seen to be significantly better under CHCS treatment when compared to treatment with collagen scaffold.
25105509	4	31	theme	porous	566:571	arg1	morphology					573:582	porous morphology	566:582	porous morphology	566:582	CHCS exhibits porous morphology with pore sizes varying between 380 and 780 μm.
25105509	8	32	theme	thickness	1145:1153	arg1	wounds					1164:1169	full thickness excision wounds	1140:1169	full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1140:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	33	theme	collagen	295:302	arg1	hydrolysate					304:314	collagen hydrolysate	295:314	collagen hydrolysate	295:314	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	33	theme	collagen	295:302	arg1	fragments					325:333	smaller fragments	317:333	smaller fragments of collagen	317:345	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	33	theme	collagen	295:302	arg1	alternative					354:364	an alternative	351:364	an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold	351:404	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	8	34	with	experiments	1123:1133	arg1	wounds					1164:1169	full thickness excision wounds	1140:1169	full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1140:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	4	35	theme	pore	589:592	arg1	sizes					594:598	pore sizes	589:598	pore sizes varying between 380 and 780 μm	589:629	CHCS exhibits porous morphology with pore sizes varying between 380 and 780 μm.
25105509	0	36	theme	collagen	124:131	arg1	scaffold					133:140	the traditional collagen scaffold	108:140	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	37	from	fragments	1371:1379	arg1	alternative					1418:1428	an effective and affordable alternative	1390:1428	an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1390:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	9	37	from	fragments	1371:1379	arg1	scaffold					1348:1355	the CHCS scaffold	1339:1355	the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments	1339:1379	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	1	38	theme	various	199:205	arg1	applications					218:229	various biomedical applications	199:229	various biomedical applications	199:229	Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications.
25105509	0	39	theme	hydrolysate	41:51	arg1	scaffold					63:70	collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	32:70	collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	32:70	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	40	theme	Research	240:247	arg1	Article					249:255	this Research Article	235:255	this Research Article	235:255	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	1	41	theme	biomedical	207:216	arg1	applications					218:229	various biomedical applications	199:229	various biomedical applications	199:229	Collagen is one of the most widely used biomaterial for various biomedical applications.
25105509	0	42	theme	collagen	32:39	arg1	scaffold					63:70	collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	32:70	collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	32:70	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	3	43	theme	hydrolysate	416:426	arg1	CHCS					448:451	CHCS	448:451	CHCS	448:451	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	3	43	theme	hydrolysate	416:426	arg1	scaffold					438:445	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	407:445	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS)	407:452	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	9	44	theme	structural	1465:1474	arg1	biomaterials					1476:1487	the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1433:1487	the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1433:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	0	45	theme	scaffold	63:70	arg1	fabrication					17:27	Sol-gel assisted fabrication	0:27	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	46	theme	used	1451:1454	arg1	biomaterials					1476:1487	the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1433:1487	the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1433:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	8	47	theme	rat	1174:1176	arg1	model					1178:1182	rat model	1174:1182	rat model	1174:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	7	48	theme	collagen	1079:1086	arg1	hydrolysate					1088:1098	collagen hydrolysate	1079:1098	collagen hydrolysate	1079:1098	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	2	49	theme	collagen	338:345	arg1	hydrolysate					304:314	collagen hydrolysate	295:314	collagen hydrolysate	295:314	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	49	theme	collagen	338:345	arg1	fragments					325:333	smaller fragments	317:333	smaller fragments of collagen	317:345	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	0	50	theme	composite	53:61	arg1	scaffold					63:70	collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	32:70	collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold	32:70	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	51	theme	collagen	1456:1463	arg1	biomaterials					1476:1487	the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1433:1487	the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1433:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	5	52	theme	better	706:711	arg1	capacity					726:733	better water uptake capacity	706:733	better water uptake capacity	706:733	Incorporation of silica conferred CHCS with controlled biodegradation and better water uptake capacity.
25105509	7	53	theme	hydrolysate	1088:1098	arg1	activity					1067:1074	the inherited antimicrobial activity	1039:1074	the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate	1039:1098	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	7	54	theme	antimicrobial	1053:1065	arg1	activity					1067:1074	the inherited antimicrobial activity	1039:1074	the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate	1039:1098	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	8	55	theme	wound	1109:1113	arg1	healing					1115:1121	In vivo wound healing	1101:1121	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1101:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	9	56	theme	effective	1393:1401	arg1	alternative					1418:1428	an effective and affordable alternative	1390:1428	an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials	1390:1487	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	9	56	theme	effective	1393:1401	arg1	scaffold					1348:1355	the CHCS scaffold	1339:1355	the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments	1339:1379	These findings indicate that the CHCS scaffold from collagen fragments would be an effective and affordable alternative to the traditionally used collagen structural biomaterials.
25105509	5	57	theme	water	713:717	arg1	capacity					726:733	better water uptake capacity	706:733	better water uptake capacity	706:733	Incorporation of silica conferred CHCS with controlled biodegradation and better water uptake capacity.
25105509	3	58	theme	sol-gel	474:480	arg1	procedure					493:501	sol-gel transition procedure	474:501	sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor	474:549	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	8	59	theme	full	1140:1143	arg1	wounds					1164:1169	full thickness excision wounds	1140:1169	full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1140:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
25105509	5	60	theme	uptake	719:724	arg1	capacity					726:733	better water uptake capacity	706:733	better water uptake capacity	706:733	Incorporation of silica conferred CHCS with controlled biodegradation and better water uptake capacity.
25105509	6	61	theme	collagen	863:870	arg1	scaffold					872:879	collagen scaffold	863:879	collagen scaffold	863:879	Notably, 3T3 fibroblast proliferation was seen to be significantly better under CHCS treatment when compared to treatment with collagen scaffold.
25105509	0	62	dep	fabrication	17:27	arg1	alternative					93:103	a novel therapeutic alternative	73:103	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.	0:141	Sol-gel assisted fabrication of collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold: a novel therapeutic alternative to the traditional collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	63	theme	smaller	317:323	arg1	hydrolysate					304:314	collagen hydrolysate	295:314	collagen hydrolysate	295:314	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	63	theme	smaller	317:323	arg1	fragments					325:333	smaller fragments	317:333	smaller fragments of collagen	317:345	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	64	attach	present	261:267	arg2	we					258:259	we	258:259	we	258:259	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	2	64	attach	present	261:267	arg1	Article					249:255	this Research Article	235:255	this Research Article	235:255	In this Research Article, we present a novel approach of using collagen hydrolysate, smaller fragments of collagen, as an alternative to traditionally used collagen scaffold.
25105509	7	65	theme	inherited	1043:1051	arg1	activity					1067:1074	the inherited antimicrobial activity	1039:1074	the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate	1039:1098	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	7	66	theme	wound	953:957	arg1	pathogens					959:967	the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli	949:1030	the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli	949:1030	Additionally, CHCS showed excellent antimicrobial activity against the wound pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli due to the inherited antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate.
25105509	6	67	theme	fibroblast	749:758	arg1	proliferation					760:772	3T3 fibroblast proliferation	745:772	3T3 fibroblast proliferation	745:772	Notably, 3T3 fibroblast proliferation was seen to be significantly better under CHCS treatment when compared to treatment with collagen scaffold.
25105509	3	68	theme	silica	534:539	arg1	precursor					541:549	the silica precursor	530:549	the silica precursor	530:549	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	3	68	theme	silica	534:539	arg1	tetraethoxysilane					509:525	tetraethoxysilane	509:525	tetraethoxysilane	509:525	Collagen hydrolysate composite scaffold (CHCS) was fabricated with sol-gel transition procedure using tetraethoxysilane as the silica precursor.
25105509	8	69	theme	excision	1155:1162	arg1	wounds					1164:1169	full thickness excision wounds	1140:1169	full thickness excision wounds in rat model	1140:1182	In vivo wound healing experiments with full thickness excision wounds in rat model demonstrated that wounds treated with CHCS showed accelerated healing when compared to wounds treated with collagen scaffold.
26014598	8	0	theme	A1	1170:1171	arg1	erythrocytes					1197:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	8	1	theme	A2	1175:1176	arg1	erythrocytes					1197:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	6	2	theme	II-based	928:935	arg1	ABH					937:939	Type II-based ABH	923:939	Type II-based ABH	923:939	Type II-based ABH were expressed on erythrocytes of all blood groups.
26014598	4	3	theme	endomyocardial	658:671	arg1	n					683:683	n = 50	683:688	n = 50	683:688	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	3	theme	endomyocardial	658:671	arg1	biopsies					673:680	endomyocardial biopsies	658:680	endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50)	658:689	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	3	4	theme	related	606:612	arg1	glycans					614:620	related glycans	606:620	related glycans	606:620	Monoclonal antibodies were generated and epitope specificities were characterized against chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH and related glycans.
26014598	1	5	theme	antigen	259:265	arg1	epitopes					267:274	unique antigen epitopes	252:274	unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells	252:368	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	8	6	theme	A1	1180:1181	arg1	B					1183:1183	A1 B	1180:1183	A1 B	1180:1183	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	10	7	theme	ABH	1401:1403	arg1	expression					1413:1422	ABH antigen expression	1401:1422	ABH antigen expression	1401:1422	Together, these studies define qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues.
26014598	0	8	theme	Chemical	0:7	arg1	Basis					9:13	Chemical Basis	0:13	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.	0:138	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	5	9	theme	III/IV	886:891	arg1	structures					893:902	type III/IV structures	881:902	type III/IV structures	881:902	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	8	10	theme	B	1189:1189	arg1	erythrocytes					1197:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	0	11	theme	Organ	117:121	arg1	Transplantation					123:137	Organ Transplantation	117:137	Organ Transplantation	117:137	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	8	12	theme	B	1195:1195	arg1	erythrocytes					1197:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	6	13	theme	blood	979:983	arg1	groups					985:990	all blood groups	975:990	all blood groups	975:990	Type II-based ABH were expressed on erythrocytes of all blood groups.
26014598	9	14	theme	A2	1220:1221	arg1	erythrocytes					1223:1234	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	5	15	theme	II-based	843:850	arg1	antigens					856:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	7	16	theme	type	1045:1048	arg1	precursors					1057:1066	type III/IV precursors	1045:1066	type III/IV precursors	1045:1066	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	7	17	theme	group	1077:1081	arg1	B					1083:1083	group B	1077:1083	group B	1077:1083	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	11	18	theme	clinical	1548:1555	arg1	settings					1557:1564	clinical settings	1548:1564	clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation	1548:1600	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	9	19	gly	un-glycosylated	1272:1286	arg2	structures					1248:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	9	19	gly	un-glycosylated	1272:1286	arg1	structures					1248:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	9	19	gly	un-glycosylated	1272:1286	arg1	erythrocytes					1223:1234	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	9	19	gly	un-glycosylated	1272:1286	arg2	erythrocytes					1223:1234	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	7	20	theme	A2	1006:1007	arg1	erythrocytes					1009:1020	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes	993:1020	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes	993:1020	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	1	21	theme	Blood	140:144	arg1	antigens					172:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	11	22	theme	expression	1473:1482	arg1	profiles					1484:1491	These expression profiles	1467:1491	These expression profiles	1467:1491	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	5	23	theme	endothelial	794:804	arg1	cells					806:810	vascular endothelial cells	785:810	vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen	785:830	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	7	24	theme	A1	999:1000	arg1	erythrocytes					1009:1020	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes	993:1020	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes	993:1020	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	1	25	theme	ABH	152:154	arg1	antigens					172:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	9	26	with	un-glycosylated	1272:1286	arg1	α-GalNAc					1316:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	1	27	theme	vascular	343:350	arg1	cells					364:368	vascular endothelial cells	343:368	vascular endothelial cells	343:368	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	1	28	theme	O	156:156	arg1	antigens					172:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	9	29	theme	terminal	1297:1304	arg1	α-GalNAc					1316:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	0	30	theme	Quantitative	35:46	arg1	Differences					48:58	Qualitative and Quantitative Differences	19:58	Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups	19:97	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	10	31	theme	vascular	1449:1456	arg1	tissues					1458:1464	vascular tissues	1449:1464	vascular tissues	1449:1464	Together, these studies define qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues.
26014598	0	32	theme	Blood	72:76	arg1	Groups					78:83	ABO Blood Groups	68:83	ABO Blood Groups	68:83	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	2	33	theme	differences	396:406	arg1	Characterization					371:386	Characterization	371:386	Characterization of such differences	371:406	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	5	34	theme	type	838:841	arg1	antigens					856:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	9	35	theme	A	1307:1307	arg1	α-GalNAc					1316:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	5	36	theme	ABH	852:854	arg1	antigens					856:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	9	37	theme	sugar	1310:1314	arg1	α-GalNAc					1316:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	4	38	theme	Antigen	623:629	arg1	expression					631:640	Antigen expression	623:640	Antigen expression	623:640	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	2	39	theme	many	425:428	arg1	transplantation					458:472	transplantation	458:472	transplantation	458:472	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	2	39	theme	many	425:428	arg1	settings					439:446	many clinical settings	425:446	many clinical settings including transplantation	425:472	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	0	40	theme	ABO	68:70	arg1	Groups					78:83	ABO Blood Groups	68:83	ABO Blood Groups	68:83	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	2	41	from	invaluable	411:420	arg1	transplantation					458:472	transplantation	458:472	transplantation	458:472	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	2	41	from	invaluable	411:420	arg1	settings					439:446	many clinical settings	425:446	many clinical settings including transplantation	425:472	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	11	42	theme	ABO-incompatible	1569:1584	arg1	transplantation					1586:1600	ABO-incompatible transplantation	1569:1600	ABO-incompatible transplantation	1569:1600	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	3	43	theme	epitope	516:522	arg1	specificities					524:536	epitope specificities	516:536	epitope specificities	516:536	Monoclonal antibodies were generated and epitope specificities were characterized against chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH and related glycans.
26014598	8	44	theme	antigen	1130:1136	arg1	expression					1138:1147	A/B antigen expression	1126:1147	A/B antigen expression	1126:1147	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	11	45	contain	have	1493:1496	arg1	profiles					1484:1491	These expression profiles	1467:1491	These expression profiles	1467:1491	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	11	45	contain	have	1493:1496	arg2	implications					1508:1519	important implications	1498:1519	important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes	1498:1700	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	3	46	theme	synthesized	576:586	arg1	ABH					598:600	chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH	565:600	chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH	565:600	Monoclonal antibodies were generated and epitope specificities were characterized against chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH and related glycans.
26014598	1	47	theme	carbohydrate	159:170	arg1	antigens					172:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	1	48	theme	I-IV	230:233	arg1	chains					235:240	type I-IV chains	225:240	type I-IV chains	225:240	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	2	49	from	settings	439:446	arg1	invaluable					411:420	invaluable	411:420	invaluable	411:420	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	11	50	with	assays	1669:1674	arg1	erythrocytes					1689:1700	reagent erythrocytes	1681:1700	reagent erythrocytes	1681:1700	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	8	51	theme	group	1164:1168	arg1	A1					1170:1171	group A1	1164:1171	group A1	1164:1171	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	11	52	theme	reagent	1681:1687	arg1	erythrocytes					1689:1700	reagent erythrocytes	1681:1700	reagent erythrocytes	1681:1700	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	10	53	theme	qualitative	1357:1367	arg1	differences					1386:1396	qualitative and quantitative differences	1357:1396	qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues	1357:1464	Together, these studies define qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues.
26014598	1	54	theme	unique	252:257	arg1	epitopes					267:274	unique antigen epitopes	252:274	unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells	252:368	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	6	55	theme	Type	923:926	arg1	ABH					937:939	Type II-based ABH	923:939	Type II-based ABH	923:939	Type II-based ABH were expressed on erythrocytes of all blood groups.
26014598	3	56	theme	I-IV	593:596	arg1	ABH					598:600	chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH	565:600	chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH	565:600	Monoclonal antibodies were generated and epitope specificities were characterized against chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH and related glycans.
26014598	5	57	theme	type	881:884	arg1	structures					893:902	type III/IV structures	881:902	type III/IV structures	881:902	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	11	58	theme	transplantation	1586:1600	arg1	settings					1557:1564	clinical settings	1548:1564	clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation	1548:1600	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	8	59	theme	B	1183:1183	arg1	erythrocytes					1197:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes	1164:1208	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	4	60	theme	=	705:705	arg1	n					703:703	n = 11	703:708	n = 11	703:708	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	60	theme	=	705:705	arg1	spleen					695:700	spleen	695:700	spleen (n = 11)	695:709	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	7	61	theme	O	1089:1089	arg1	erythrocytes					1091:1102	O erythrocytes	1089:1102	O erythrocytes	1089:1102	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	10	62	theme	quantitative	1373:1384	arg1	differences					1386:1396	qualitative and quantitative differences	1357:1396	qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues	1357:1464	Together, these studies define qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues.
26014598	8	63	theme	A2	1186:1187	arg1	B					1189:1189	A2 B	1186:1189	A2 B	1186:1189	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	6	64	theme	groups	985:990	arg1	erythrocytes					959:970	erythrocytes	959:970	erythrocytes of all blood groups	959:990	Type II-based ABH were expressed on erythrocytes of all blood groups.
26014598	9	65	theme	group	1214:1218	arg1	A2					1220:1221	group A2	1214:1221	group A2 erythrocytes	1214:1234	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	1	66	theme	precursor	196:204	arg1	structures					206:215	precursor structures	196:215	precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains	196:240	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	7	67	theme	III/IV	1050:1055	arg1	precursors					1057:1066	type III/IV precursors	1045:1066	type III/IV precursors	1045:1066	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	9	68	theme	type	1237:1240	arg1	structures					1248:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	5	69	theme	vascular	785:792	arg1	cells					806:810	vascular endothelial cells	785:810	vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen	785:830	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	9	70	theme	H	1246:1246	arg1	structures					1248:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	type III H structures	1237:1257	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	1	71	theme	group	146:150	arg1	antigens					172:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens	140:179	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	4	72	theme	immunohistochemical	714:732	arg1	staining					734:741	immunohistochemical staining	714:741	immunohistochemical staining	714:741	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	11	73	theme	important	1498:1506	arg1	implications					1508:1519	important implications	1498:1519	important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes	1498:1700	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	1	74	theme	endothelial	352:362	arg1	cells					364:368	vascular endothelial cells	343:368	vascular endothelial cells	343:368	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	7	75	theme	Group	993:997	arg1	A1					999:1000	Group A1	993:1000	Group A1	993:1000	Group A1 and A2 erythrocytes additionally expressed type III/IV precursors, whereas group B and O erythrocytes did not.
26014598	10	76	theme	antigen	1405:1411	arg1	expression					1413:1422	ABH antigen expression	1401:1422	ABH antigen expression	1401:1422	Together, these studies define qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues.
26014598	3	77	theme	Monoclonal	475:484	arg1	antibodies					486:495	Monoclonal antibodies	475:495	Monoclonal antibodies	475:495	Monoclonal antibodies were generated and epitope specificities were characterized against chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH and related glycans.
26014598	5	78	theme	only	833:836	arg1	antigens					856:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	only type II-based ABH antigens	833:863	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	4	79	theme	flow	766:769	arg1	cytometry					771:779	flow cytometry	766:779	flow cytometry	766:779	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	2	80	theme	such	391:394	arg1	differences					396:406	such differences	391:406	such differences	391:406	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	0	81	theme	Qualitative	19:29	arg1	Differences					48:58	Qualitative and Quantitative Differences	19:58	Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups	19:97	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	9	82	theme	"	1308:1308	arg1	α-GalNAc					1316:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc	1293:1323	On group A2 erythrocytes, type III H structures were largely un-glycosylated with the terminal "A" sugar α-GalNAc.
26014598	2	83	theme	clinical	430:437	arg1	transplantation					458:472	transplantation	458:472	transplantation	458:472	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	2	83	theme	clinical	430:437	arg1	settings					439:446	many clinical settings	425:446	many clinical settings including transplantation	425:472	Characterization of such differences is invaluable in many clinical settings including transplantation.
26014598	5	84	theme	heart	815:819	arg1	cells					806:810	vascular endothelial cells	785:810	vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen	785:830	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	11	85	theme	anti-ABO	1620:1627	arg1	antibodies					1629:1638	anti-ABO antibodies	1620:1638	anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes	1620:1700	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	5	86	theme	spleen	825:830	arg1	cells					806:810	vascular endothelial cells	785:810	vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen	785:830	On vascular endothelial cells of heart and spleen, only type II-based ABH antigens were expressed; type III/IV structures were not detected.
26014598	8	87	theme	A/B	1126:1128	arg1	expression					1138:1147	A/B antigen expression	1126:1147	A/B antigen expression	1126:1147	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	1	88	theme	circulating	314:324	arg1	erythrocytes					326:337	circulating erythrocytes	314:337	circulating erythrocytes	314:337	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	8	89	theme	expression	1138:1147	arg1	Intensity					1113:1121	Intensity	1113:1121	Intensity of A/B antigen expression	1113:1147	Intensity of A/B antigen expression differed among group A1 , A2 , A1 B, A2 B and B erythrocytes.
26014598	4	90	located	detected	646:653	arg2	expression					631:640	Antigen expression	623:640	Antigen expression	623:640	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	90	located	detected	646:653	arg1	n					703:703	n = 11	703:708	n = 11	703:708	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	90	located	detected	646:653	arg1	spleen					695:700	spleen	695:700	spleen (n = 11)	695:709	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	90	located	detected	646:653	arg1	n					683:683	n = 50	683:688	n = 50	683:688	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	90	located	detected	646:653	arg1	biopsies					673:680	endomyocardial biopsies	658:680	endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50)	658:689	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	11	91	theme	hemagglutination	1652:1667	arg1	assays					1669:1674	hemagglutination assays	1652:1674	hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes	1652:1700	These expression profiles have important implications that must be considered in clinical settings of ABO-incompatible transplantation when interpreting anti-ABO antibodies measured by hemagglutination assays with reagent erythrocytes.
26014598	1	92	theme	type	225:228	arg1	chains					235:240	type I-IV chains	225:240	type I-IV chains	225:240	Blood group ABH(O) carbohydrate antigens are carried by precursor structures denoted type I-IV chains, creating unique antigen epitopes that may differ in expression between circulating erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells.
26014598	0	93	dep	Basis	9:13	arg1	Implications					100:111	Implications	100:111	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.	0:138	Chemical Basis for Qualitative and Quantitative Differences Between ABO Blood Groups and Subgroups: Implications for Organ Transplantation.
26014598	10	94	from	differences	1386:1396	arg1	expression					1413:1422	ABH antigen expression	1401:1422	ABH antigen expression	1401:1422	Together, these studies define qualitative and quantitative differences in ABH antigen expression between erythrocytes and vascular tissues.
26014598	4	95	theme	=	685:685	arg1	n					683:683	n = 50	683:688	n = 50	683:688	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	4	95	theme	=	685:685	arg1	biopsies					673:680	endomyocardial biopsies	658:680	endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50)	658:689	Antigen expression was detected on endomyocardial biopsies (n = 50) and spleen (n = 11) by immunohistochemical staining and on erythrocytes by flow cytometry.
26014598	3	96	theme	type	588:591	arg1	ABH					598:600	chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH	565:600	chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH	565:600	Monoclonal antibodies were generated and epitope specificities were characterized against chemically synthesized type I-IV ABH and related glycans.
27128252	3	0	theme	stable	460:465	arg1	domain					467:472	the least stable domain	450:472	the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies	450:495	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	3	0	theme	stable	460:465	arg1	domain					370:375	The CH2 domain	362:375	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	362:435	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	9	1	gly	N-glycosylated	1625:1638	arg1	turn					1648:1651	the N-glycosylated reverse turn	1621:1651	the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop	1621:1667	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	8	2	dep	receptors	1459:1467	arg1	receptors					1459:1467	Fc gamma receptors	1450:1467	low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb)	1437:1501	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	2	dep	receptors	1459:1467	arg1	FcγRIIIa					1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	2	dep	receptors	1459:1467	arg1	FcγRIIIb					1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	2	dep	receptors	1459:1467	arg1	FcγRIIa					1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	3	3	from	domain	467:472	arg1	antibodies					486:495	IgG-type antibodies	477:495	IgG-type antibodies	477:495	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	7	4	theme	fucose-Phe	1258:1267	arg1	interaction					1269:1279	the fucose-Phe interaction	1254:1279	the fucose-Phe interaction	1254:1279	Inhibition of core fucosylation confirms the contribution of the fucose-Phe interaction to the stabilization.
27128252	9	5	theme	reverse	1640:1646	arg1	turn					1648:1651	the N-glycosylated reverse turn	1621:1651	the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop	1621:1667	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	4	6	theme	enhanced	599:606	arg1	EAS					625:627	EAS	625:627	EAS	625:627	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	4	6	theme	enhanced	599:606	arg1	sequon					617:622	an enhanced aromatic sequon	596:622	an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS)	596:628	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	6	7	attach	attached	1131:1138	arg2	fucose					1124:1129	the core fucose	1115:1129	the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1	1115:1149	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	6	7	attach	attached	1131:1138	arg1	GlcNAc1					1143:1149	GlcNAc1	1143:1149	GlcNAc1	1143:1149	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	9	8	theme	C'	1660:1661	arg1	loop					1664:1667	the C'E loop	1656:1667	the C'E loop	1656:1667	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	4	9	gly	N-glycosylated	639:652	arg1	loop					658:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	6	10	theme	Q295F/Y296A	970:980	arg1	fragment					991:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	8	11	theme	low	1437:1439	arg1	affinity					1441:1448	low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb)	1437:1501	low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb)	1437:1501	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	4	12	theme	N-glycosylated	639:652	arg1	loop					658:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	5	13	theme	EAS-stabilized	760:773	arg1	domain					779:784	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain	755:784	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain	755:784	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	5	14	theme	low	840:842	arg1	pH					844:845	low pH	840:845	low pH	840:845	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	6	15	theme	EAS-stabilized	954:967	arg1	fragment					991:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	9	16	theme	N-glycan-protein	1690:1705	arg1	interactions					1707:1718	stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions	1678:1718	stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies	1678:1732	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	8	17	theme	Fc	1450:1451	arg1	receptors					1459:1467	Fc gamma receptors	1450:1467	low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb)	1437:1501	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	17	theme	Fc	1450:1451	arg1	FcγRIIIa					1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	17	theme	Fc	1450:1451	arg1	FcγRIIIb					1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	17	theme	Fc	1450:1451	arg1	FcγRIIa					1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	4	18	theme	E	656:656	arg1	loop					658:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	4	19	theme	melting	701:707	arg1	temperature					709:719	the melting temperature	697:719	the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	697:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	1	20	theme	Monoclonal	89:98	arg1	mAbs					112:115	mAbs	112:115	mAbs	112:115	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	1	20	theme	Monoclonal	89:98	arg1	antibodies					100:109	Monoclonal antibodies	89:109	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target	89:172	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	0	21	theme	Aromatic	72:79	arg1	Sequon					81:86	an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon	60:86	an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon	60:86	Stabilizing the CH2 Domain of an Antibody by Engineering in an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon.
27128252	5	22	theme	antibody	915:922	arg1	context					874:880	the context	870:880	the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	870:922	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	6	23	theme	crystal	929:935	arg1	structure					937:945	The crystal structure	925:945	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	925:998	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	8	24	theme	Q295F/Y296A	1307:1317	arg1	mutations					1319:1327	The Q295F/Y296A mutations	1303:1327	The Q295F/Y296A mutations	1303:1327	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	3	25	theme	portion	403:409	arg1	part					388:391	part	388:391	part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	388:435	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	4	26	theme	°C	682:683	arg1	increase					685:692	a 4.8 °C increase	676:692	a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	676:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	8	27	dep	affinity	1441:1448	arg1	receptors					1459:1467	Fc gamma receptors	1450:1467	low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb)	1437:1501	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	27	dep	affinity	1441:1448	arg1	FcγRIIIa					1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	27	dep	affinity	1441:1448	arg1	FcγRIIIb					1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	27	dep	affinity	1441:1448	arg1	FcγRIIa					1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	7	28	theme	interaction	1269:1279	arg1	contribution					1238:1249	the contribution	1234:1249	the contribution of the fucose-Phe interaction to the stabilization	1234:1300	Inhibition of core fucosylation confirms the contribution of the fucose-Phe interaction to the stabilization.
27128252	0	29	theme	CH2	16:18	arg1	Domain					20:25	the CH2 Domain	12:25	the CH2 Domain of an Antibody	12:40	Stabilizing the CH2 Domain of an Antibody by Engineering in an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon.
27128252	0	29	theme	CH2	16:18	arg1	Antibody					33:40	an Antibody	30:40	an Antibody	30:40	Stabilizing the CH2 Domain of an Antibody by Engineering in an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon.
27128252	3	30	theme	IgG-type	477:484	arg1	antibodies					486:495	IgG-type antibodies	477:495	IgG-type antibodies	477:495	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	5	31	theme	monoclonal	899:908	arg1	antibody					915:922	a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	885:922	a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	885:922	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	6	32	theme	fragment	991:998	arg1	structure					937:945	The crystal structure	925:945	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	925:998	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	9	33	theme	receptor	1783:1790	arg1	binding					1792:1798	antibody-Fc receptor binding	1771:1798	antibody-Fc receptor binding	1771:1798	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	3	34	theme	Immunoglobulin	414:427	arg1	G					429:429	Immunoglobulin G	414:429	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	414:435	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	3	34	theme	Immunoglobulin	414:427	arg1	IgG					432:434	IgG	432:434	IgG	432:434	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	6	35	theme	IgG1	983:986	arg1	fragment					991:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	6	36	dep	importance	1041:1050	arg1	i.e.					1031:1034	i.e.	1031:1034	i.e.	1031:1034	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	0	37	theme	Antibody	33:40	arg1	Domain					20:25	the CH2 Domain	12:25	the CH2 Domain of an Antibody	12:40	Stabilizing the CH2 Domain of an Antibody by Engineering in an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon.
27128252	0	37	theme	Antibody	33:40	arg1	Antibody					33:40	an Antibody	30:40	an Antibody	30:40	Stabilizing the CH2 Domain of an Antibody by Engineering in an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon.
27128252	6	38	theme	GlcNAc1•F295	1059:1070	arg1	interaction					1072:1082	the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction	1055:1082	the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction	1055:1082	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	8	39	theme	wild-type	1522:1530	arg1	affinity					1540:1547	wild-type binding affinity	1522:1547	wild-type binding affinity	1522:1547	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	40	theme	antibody	1383:1390	arg1	affinity					1355:1362	the binding affinity	1343:1362	the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors	1343:1406	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	41	theme	binding	1347:1353	arg1	affinity					1355:1362	the binding affinity	1343:1362	the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors	1343:1406	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	2	42	theme	efficacy	305:312	arg1	loss					279:282	the loss	275:282	the loss of their therapeutic efficacy	275:312	Aggregation of mAbs results in the loss of their therapeutic efficacy and can result in deleterious immune responses.
27128252	1	43	theme	growing	197:203	arg1	proportion					205:214	a large and growing proportion	185:214	a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market	185:241	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	7	44	theme	core	1207:1210	arg1	fucosylation					1212:1223	core fucosylation	1207:1223	core fucosylation	1207:1223	Inhibition of core fucosylation confirms the contribution of the fucose-Phe interaction to the stabilization.
27128252	4	45	theme	CH2	570:572	arg1	domain					574:579	the CH2 domain	566:579	the CH2 domain	566:579	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	8	46	theme	Fc	1395:1396	arg1	receptors					1398:1406	Fc receptors	1395:1406	Fc receptors	1395:1406	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	2	47	theme	immune	344:349	arg1	responses					351:359	deleterious immune responses	332:359	deleterious immune responses	332:359	Aggregation of mAbs results in the loss of their therapeutic efficacy and can result in deleterious immune responses.
27128252	1	48	theme	therapeutics	223:234	arg1	proportion					205:214	a large and growing proportion	185:214	a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market	185:241	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	6	49	theme	core	1119:1122	arg1	fucose					1124:1129	the core fucose	1115:1129	the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1	1115:1149	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	6	50	theme	interaction	1072:1082	arg1	importance					1041:1050	the importance	1037:1050	the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction	1037:1082	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	2	51	theme	mAbs	259:262	arg1	Aggregation					244:254	Aggregation	244:254	Aggregation of mAbs	244:262	Aggregation of mAbs results in the loss of their therapeutic efficacy and can result in deleterious immune responses.
27128252	5	52	theme	enhanced	801:808	arg1	stability					810:818	enhanced stability	801:818	enhanced stability against thermal	801:834	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	3	53	theme	aggregation	528:538	arg1	propensity					540:549	their aggregation propensity	522:549	their aggregation propensity	522:549	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	1	54	theme	protein	159:165	arg1	target					167:172	a protein target	157:172	a protein target	157:172	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	9	55	theme	N-glycosylated	1625:1638	arg1	turn					1648:1651	the N-glycosylated reverse turn	1621:1651	the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop	1621:1667	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	5	56	theme	CH2	775:777	arg1	domain					779:784	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain	755:784	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain	755:784	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	1	57	theme	large	187:191	arg1	proportion					205:214	a large and growing proportion	185:214	a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market	185:241	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	4	58	theme	aromatic	608:615	arg1	EAS					625:627	EAS	625:627	EAS	625:627	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	4	58	theme	aromatic	608:615	arg1	sequon					617:622	an enhanced aromatic sequon	596:622	an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS)	596:628	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	9	59	theme	E	1662:1662	arg1	loop					1664:1667	the C'E loop	1656:1667	the C'E loop	1656:1667	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	4	60	theme	purified	728:735	arg1	fragment					745:752	the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	724:752	the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	724:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	1	61	dep	therapeutics	223:234	arg1	market					236:241	market	236:241	market	236:241	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	6	62	with	interaction	1170:1180	arg1	F295					1187:1190	F295	1187:1190	F295	1187:1190	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	9	63	theme	stabilizing	1678:1688	arg1	interactions					1707:1718	stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions	1678:1718	stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies	1678:1732	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	8	64	theme	gamma	1453:1457	arg1	receptors					1459:1467	Fc gamma receptors	1450:1467	low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb)	1437:1501	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	64	theme	gamma	1453:1457	arg1	FcγRIIIa					1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	FcγRIIIa	1479:1486	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	64	theme	gamma	1453:1457	arg1	FcγRIIIb					1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	FcγRIIIb	1493:1500	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	8	64	theme	gamma	1453:1457	arg1	FcγRIIa					1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	FcγRIIa	1470:1476	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	0	65	theme	Enhanced	63:70	arg1	Sequon					81:86	an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon	60:86	an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon	60:86	Stabilizing the CH2 Domain of an Antibody by Engineering in an Enhanced Aromatic Sequon.
27128252	1	66	theme	selective	136:144	arg1	binding					146:152	highly selective binding	129:152	highly selective binding to a protein target	129:172	Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibiting highly selective binding to a protein target constitute a large and growing proportion of the therapeutics market.
27128252	4	67	theme	C'	654:655	arg1	loop					658:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	the N-glycosylated C'E loop	635:661	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	5	68	theme	IgG1	910:913	arg1	antibody					915:922	a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	885:922	a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	885:922	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	9	69	from	turn	1648:1651	arg1	loop					1664:1667	the C'E loop	1656:1667	the C'E loop	1656:1667	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	4	70	from	increase	685:692	arg1	temperature					709:719	the melting temperature	697:719	the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	697:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	6	71	theme	design	1013:1018	arg1	principle					1020:1028	the design principle	1009:1028	the design principle	1009:1028	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	3	72	theme	CH2	366:368	arg1	domain					467:472	the least stable domain	450:472	the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies	450:495	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	3	72	theme	CH2	366:368	arg1	domain					370:375	The CH2 domain	362:375	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	362:435	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	4	73	theme	4.8	678:680	arg1	°C					682:683	°C	682:683	°C	682:683	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	3	74	theme	Fc	400:401	arg1	portion					403:409	the Fc portion	396:409	the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	396:435	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	4	75	theme	Fc	742:743	arg1	fragment					745:752	the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	724:752	the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	724:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	5	76	theme	full-length	887:897	arg1	antibody					915:922	a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	885:922	a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody	885:922	This EAS-stabilized CH2 domain also conferred enhanced stability against thermal and low pH induced aggregation in the context of a full-length monoclonal IgG1 antibody.
27128252	9	77	theme	antibody-Fc	1771:1781	arg1	binding					1792:1798	antibody-Fc receptor binding	1771:1798	antibody-Fc receptor binding	1771:1798	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	6	78	theme	Fc	988:989	arg1	fragment					991:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment	950:998	The crystal structure of the EAS-stabilized (Q295F/Y296A) IgG1 Fc fragment confirms the design principle, i.e., the importance of the GlcNAc1•F295 interaction, and surprisingly reveals that the core fucose attached to GlcNAc1 also engages in an interaction with F295.
27128252	4	79	theme	fragment	745:752	arg1	temperature					709:719	the melting temperature	697:719	the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	697:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	3	80	theme	G	429:429	arg1	portion					403:409	the Fc portion	396:409	the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG)	396:435	The CH2 domain comprising part of the Fc portion of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is typically the least stable domain in IgG-type antibodies and therefore influences their aggregation propensity.
27128252	7	81	theme	fucosylation	1212:1223	arg1	Inhibition					1193:1202	Inhibition	1193:1202	Inhibition of core fucosylation	1193:1223	Inhibition of core fucosylation confirms the contribution of the fucose-Phe interaction to the stabilization.
27128252	8	82	theme	binding	1532:1538	arg1	affinity					1540:1547	wild-type binding affinity	1522:1547	wild-type binding affinity	1522:1547	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	9	83	from	interactions	1707:1718	arg1	antibodies					1723:1732	antibodies	1723:1732	antibodies	1723:1732	Our results demonstrate that engineering an EAS into the N-glycosylated reverse turn on the C'E loop leads to stabilizing N-glycan-protein interactions in antibodies and that this modification modulates antibody-Fc receptor binding.
27128252	8	84	theme	full-length	1371:1381	arg1	antibody					1383:1390	the full-length antibody	1367:1390	the full-length antibody	1367:1390	The Q295F/Y296A mutations also modulate the binding affinity of the full-length antibody to Fc receptors by decreasing the binding to low affinity Fc gamma receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while maintaining wild-type binding affinity to FcRn and FcγRI.
27128252	2	85	theme	therapeutic	293:303	arg1	efficacy					305:312	their therapeutic efficacy	287:312	their therapeutic efficacy	287:312	Aggregation of mAbs results in the loss of their therapeutic efficacy and can result in deleterious immune responses.
27128252	4	86	theme	IgG1	737:740	arg1	fragment					745:752	the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	724:752	the purified IgG1 Fc fragment	724:752	We stabilized the CH2 domain by engineering an enhanced aromatic sequon (EAS) into the N-glycosylated C'E loop and observed a 4.8 °C increase in the melting temperature of the purified IgG1 Fc fragment.
27128252	2	87	theme	deleterious	332:342	arg1	responses					351:359	deleterious immune responses	332:359	deleterious immune responses	332:359	Aggregation of mAbs results in the loss of their therapeutic efficacy and can result in deleterious immune responses.
24671554	2	0	from	studies	202:208	arg1	H.					213:214	H.	213:214	H.	213:214	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	1	1	dep	pathogen	101:108	arg1	influenzae					122:131	Haemophilus influenzae	110:131	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae	85:131	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae has a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS).
24671554	5	2	theme	Eagan	767:771	arg1	LOS					780:782	Eagan and Rd LOS	767:782	Eagan and Rd LOS	767:782	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	8	3	theme	costimulatory	1403:1415	arg1	molecules					1417:1425	antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules	1380:1425	molecules	1417:1425	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	5	4	theme	tumor	853:857	arg1	alpha					875:879	tumor necrosis factor alpha	853:879	tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)	853:887	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	4	theme	tumor	853:857	arg1	TNF-α					882:886	TNF-α	882:886	TNF-α	882:886	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	2	5	theme	innate	360:365	arg1	immunity					380:387	innate and adaptive immunity	360:387	innate and adaptive immunity	360:387	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	7	6	theme	Rd	1103:1104	arg1	strain					1106:1111	a mutant Rd strain	1094:1111	a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA)	1094:1126	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	6	theme	Rd	1103:1104	arg1	lpsA					1122:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	8	7	theme	LOS	1331:1333	arg1	compound					1335:1342	An LOS compound	1328:1342	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity	1328:1470	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	3	8	theme	Rd	553:554	arg1	strains					574:580	Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	546:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	4	9	theme	receptors	742:750	arg1	expression					689:698	gene expression	684:698	gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors	684:750	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	4	10	theme	surface	588:594	arg1	expression					596:605	Cell surface expression	583:605	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors,	583:751	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	3	11	theme	lic1	564:567	arg1	strains					574:580	Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	546:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	8	12	theme	proinflammatory	1447:1461	arg1	activity					1463:1470	a low proinflammatory activity	1441:1470	a low proinflammatory activity	1441:1470	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	4	13	theme	expression	689:698	arg1	expression					596:605	Cell surface expression	583:605	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors,	583:751	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	7	14	from	importance	1233:1242	arg1	responses					1310:1318	cellular responses	1301:1318	cellular responses to LOS	1301:1325	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	4	15	theme	Cell	583:586	arg1	expression					596:605	Cell surface expression	583:605	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors,	583:751	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	4	16	theme	gene	684:687	arg1	expression					689:698	gene expression	684:698	gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors	684:750	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	5	17	theme	factor	868:873	arg1	alpha					875:879	tumor necrosis factor alpha	853:879	tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)	853:887	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	17	theme	factor	868:873	arg1	TNF-α					882:886	TNF-α	882:886	TNF-α	882:886	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	7	18	theme	cellular	1301:1308	arg1	responses					1310:1318	cellular responses	1301:1318	cellular responses to LOS	1301:1325	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	4	19	theme	recognition	730:740	arg1	receptors					742:750	pattern recognition receptors	722:750	pattern recognition receptors	722:750	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	3	20	theme	Eagan	546:550	arg1	strains					574:580	Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	546:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	6	21	theme	costimulatory	990:1002	arg1	molecules					1011:1019	antigen-presenting (HLA-ABC or HLA-DR) and costimulatory (CD86) molecules	947:1019	molecules	1011:1019	In contrast, antigen-presenting (HLA-ABC or HLA-DR) and costimulatory (CD86) molecules and NOD2 were similarly upregulated in response to LOS and LPS.
24671554	4	22	theme	molecules	662:670	arg1	expression					596:605	Cell surface expression	583:605	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors,	583:751	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	7	23	theme	mutant	1096:1101	arg1	strain					1106:1111	a mutant Rd strain	1094:1111	a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA)	1094:1126	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	23	theme	mutant	1096:1101	arg1	lpsA					1122:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	5	24	theme	necrosis	859:866	arg1	alpha					875:879	tumor necrosis factor alpha	853:879	tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)	853:887	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	24	theme	necrosis	859:866	arg1	TNF-α					882:886	TNF-α	882:886	TNF-α	882:886	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	3	25	from	coli	497:500	arg1	lipopolysaccharide					455:472	lipopolysaccharide	455:472	lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli	455:500	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	3	25	from	coli	497:500	arg1	compounds					509:517	LOS compounds	505:517	LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	505:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	3	25	from	coli	497:500	arg1	LPS					475:477	LPS	475:477	LPS	475:477	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	1	26	theme	Gram-negative	87:99	arg1	pathogen					101:108	A Gram-negative pathogen	85:108	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae	85:131	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae has a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS).
24671554	4	27	theme	adhesion	653:660	arg1	molecules					662:670	key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules	610:670	molecules	662:670	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	7	28	theme	Rd	1114:1115	arg1	strain					1106:1111	a mutant Rd strain	1094:1111	a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA)	1094:1126	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	28	theme	Rd	1114:1115	arg1	lpsA					1122:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	6	29	theme	CD86	1005:1008	arg1	molecules					1011:1019	antigen-presenting (HLA-ABC or HLA-DR) and costimulatory (CD86) molecules	947:1019	molecules	1011:1019	In contrast, antigen-presenting (HLA-ABC or HLA-DR) and costimulatory (CD86) molecules and NOD2 were similarly upregulated in response to LOS and LPS.
24671554	2	30	theme	LOS	335:337	arg1	role					327:330	the role	323:330	the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity	323:387	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	8	31	theme	low	1443:1445	arg1	activity					1463:1470	a low proinflammatory activity	1441:1470	a low proinflammatory activity	1441:1470	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	5	32	theme	CD40	841:844	arg1	expression					819:828	the expression	815:828	the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	815:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	33	theme	lower	790:794	arg1	capacity					796:803	a lower capacity	788:803	a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	788:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	34	theme	ICAM-1	833:838	arg1	expression					819:828	the expression	815:828	the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	815:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	3	35	theme	lpsA	569:572	arg1	strains					574:580	Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	546:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	0	36	theme	immune	21:26	arg1	responses					28:36	innate immune responses	14:36	innate immune responses	14:36	Activation of innate immune responses by Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide.
24671554	4	37	theme	pattern	722:728	arg1	receptors					742:750	pattern recognition receptors	722:750	pattern recognition receptors	722:750	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	3	38	dep	H.	532:533	arg1	strains					574:580	Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	546:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	3	38	dep	H.	532:533	arg1	influenzae					535:544	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	5	39	theme	interleukin-1β	894:907	arg1	expression					819:828	the expression	815:828	the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	815:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	4	40	theme	costimulatory	634:646	arg1	expression					596:605	Cell surface expression	583:605	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors,	583:751	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	0	41	theme	innate	14:19	arg1	responses					28:36	innate immune responses	14:36	innate immune responses	14:36	Activation of innate immune responses by Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide.
24671554	8	42	theme	vaccine	1492:1498	arg1	candidate					1500:1508	a vaccine candidate	1490:1508	a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae	1490:1542	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	8	43	theme	strong	1351:1356	arg1	ability					1358:1364	a strong ability	1349:1364	a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity	1349:1470	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	3	44	theme	Rd	561:562	arg1	strains					574:580	Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	546:580	H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	532:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	5	45	theme	CD58	847:850	arg1	expression					819:828	the expression	815:828	the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	815:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	46	theme	alpha	875:879	arg1	expression					819:828	the expression	815:828	the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	815:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	2	47	theme	Recent	195:200	arg1	studies					202:208	Recent studies	195:208	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS	195:229	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	7	48	theme	molecules	1184:1192	arg1	expression					1156:1165	higher expression	1149:1165	higher expression of innate immune molecules	1149:1192	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	0	49	theme	responses	28:36	arg1	Activation					0:9	Activation	0:9	Activation of innate immune responses by Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide.	0:83	Activation of innate immune responses by Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide.
24671554	1	50	contain	has	133:135	arg1	pathogen					101:108	A Gram-negative pathogen	85:108	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae	85:131	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae has a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS).
24671554	1	50	contain	has	133:135	arg2	endotoxin					149:157	a truncated endotoxin	137:157	a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS)	137:192	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae has a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS).
24671554	5	51	theme	Rd	777:778	arg1	LOS					780:782	Eagan and Rd LOS	767:782	Eagan and Rd LOS	767:782	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	2	52	theme	structural	247:256	arg1	implications					276:287	its structural and compositional implications	243:287	its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence	243:311	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	3	53	theme	THP-1	411:415	arg1	monocytes					417:425	THP-1 monocytes	411:425	THP-1 monocytes	411:425	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	8	54	with	compound	1335:1342	arg1	ability					1358:1364	a strong ability	1349:1364	a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity	1349:1470	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	7	55	from	strain	1106:1111	arg1	LOS					1085:1087	LOS	1085:1087	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA)	1085:1126	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	56	theme	oligosaccharide	1272:1286	arg1	extension					1288:1296	oligosaccharide extension	1272:1296	oligosaccharide extension	1272:1296	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	3	57	theme	LOS	505:507	arg1	compounds					509:517	LOS compounds	505:517	LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	505:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	0	58	theme	Haemophilus	41:51	arg1	lipooligosaccharide					64:82	Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide	41:82	Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide	41:82	Activation of innate immune responses by Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide.
24671554	8	59	theme	antigen-presenting	1380:1397	arg1	molecules					1417:1425	antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules	1380:1425	molecules	1417:1425	An LOS compound with a strong ability to upregulate antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules combined with a low proinflammatory activity may be considered a vaccine candidate to immunize against H. influenzae.
24671554	5	60	contain	had	784:786	arg1	LOS					780:782	Eagan and Rd LOS	767:782	Eagan and Rd LOS	767:782	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	5	60	contain	had	784:786	arg2	capacity					796:803	a lower capacity	788:803	a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)	788:915	Eagan and Rd LOS had a lower capacity to induce the expression of ICAM-1, CD40, CD58, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) compared to LPS.
24671554	7	61	theme	extension	1288:1296	arg1	importance					1233:1242	the importance	1229:1242	the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS	1229:1325	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	62	theme	innate	1170:1175	arg1	molecules					1184:1192	innate immune molecules	1170:1192	innate immune molecules	1170:1192	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	1	63	theme	truncated	139:147	arg1	endotoxin					149:157	a truncated endotoxin	137:157	a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS)	137:192	A Gram-negative pathogen Haemophilus influenzae has a truncated endotoxin known as lipooligosaccharide (LOS).
24671554	7	64	theme	higher	1149:1154	arg1	expression					1156:1165	higher expression	1149:1165	higher expression of innate immune molecules	1149:1192	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	65	theme	phosphorylcholine	1247:1263	arg1	importance					1233:1242	the importance	1229:1242	the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS	1229:1325	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	2	66	theme	bacterial	293:301	arg1	virulence					303:311	bacterial virulence	293:311	bacterial virulence	293:311	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	0	67	dep	Haemophilus	41:51	arg1	influenzae					53:62	influenzae	53:62	influenzae	53:62	Activation of innate immune responses by Haemophilus influenzae lipooligosaccharide.
24671554	2	68	dep	H.	213:214	arg1	LOS					227:229	H. influenzae LOS	213:229	H. influenzae LOS	213:229	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	3	69	attach	derived	519:525	arg1	H.					532:533	H.	532:533	H.	532:533	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	3	69	attach	derived	519:525	arg2	compounds					509:517	LOS compounds	505:517	LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains	505:580	THP-1 monocytes were stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or LOS compounds derived from H. influenzae Eagan, Rd, and Rd lic1 lpsA strains.
24671554	7	70	theme	immune	1177:1182	arg1	molecules					1184:1192	innate immune molecules	1170:1192	innate immune molecules	1170:1192	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	4	71	theme	cytokines	708:716	arg1	expression					689:698	gene expression	684:698	gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors	684:750	Cell surface expression of key antigen-presenting, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules, as well as gene expression of some cytokines and pattern recognition receptors, were studied.
24671554	6	72	theme	antigen-presenting	947:964	arg1	HLA-ABC					967:973	antigen-presenting (HLA-ABC or HLA-DR) and costimulatory (CD86) molecules	947:1019	HLA-ABC	967:973	In contrast, antigen-presenting (HLA-ABC or HLA-DR) and costimulatory (CD86) molecules and NOD2 were similarly upregulated in response to LOS and LPS.
24671554	7	73	theme	lic1	1117:1120	arg1	strain					1106:1111	a mutant Rd strain	1094:1111	a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA)	1094:1126	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	73	theme	lic1	1117:1120	arg1	lpsA					1122:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	Rd lic1 lpsA	1114:1125	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	7	74	theme	wild-type	1203:1211	arg1	LOS					1213:1215	the wild-type LOS	1199:1215	the wild-type LOS	1199:1215	LOS from a mutant Rd strain (Rd lic1 lpsA) consistently induced higher expression of innate immune molecules than the wild-type LOS, suggesting the importance of phosphorylcholine and/or oligosaccharide extension in cellular responses to LOS.
24671554	2	75	theme	immunity	380:387	arg1	activation					346:355	the activation	342:355	the activation of innate and adaptive immunity	342:387	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	2	76	theme	compositional	262:274	arg1	implications					276:287	its structural and compositional implications	243:287	its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence	243:311	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	2	77	theme	adaptive	371:378	arg1	immunity					380:387	innate and adaptive immunity	360:387	innate and adaptive immunity	360:387	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
24671554	2	78	from	role	327:330	arg1	activation					346:355	the activation	342:355	the activation of innate and adaptive immunity	342:387	Recent studies on H. influenzae LOS highlighted its structural and compositional implications for bacterial virulence; however, the role of LOS in the activation of innate and adaptive immunity is poorly understood.
26050897	7	0	theme	food	1186:1189	arg1	tests					1199:1203	food contact tests	1186:1203	food contact tests	1186:1203	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	1	1	theme	nanoparticles/starch	167:186	arg1	nanocomposite					132:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite	93:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC)	93:157	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	1	theme	nanoparticles/starch	167:186	arg1	Ag-NPs/ST-NC					203:214	Ag-NPs/ST-NC	203:214	Ag-NPs/ST-NC	203:214	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	1	theme	nanoparticles/starch	167:186	arg1	nanocomposite					188:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite	160:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC)	160:215	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	8	2	theme	packaging	1353:1361	arg1	material					1378:1385	packaging nanostructured material	1353:1385	packaging nanostructured material	1353:1385	These results indicated that the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs have potential to be used as packaging nanostructured material.
26050897	7	3	theme	contact	1191:1197	arg1	tests					1199:1203	food contact tests	1186:1203	food contact tests	1186:1203	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	4	4	theme	clay	712:715	arg1	dispersion					717:726	clay dispersion	712:726	clay dispersion	712:726	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	4	5	theme	Ag-NPs	593:598	arg1	Dispersion					554:563	Dispersion	554:563	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	554:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	4	6	from	films	606:610	arg1	Dispersion					554:563	Dispersion	554:563	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	554:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	2	7	theme	ultrasonic	379:388	arg1	probe					390:394	an ultrasonic probe	376:394	an ultrasonic probe	376:394	The nanoclay (C30B) was dispersed in a starch solution using an ultrasonic probe.
26050897	6	8	theme	Candida	1028:1034	arg1	albicans					1036:1043	Candida albicans	1028:1043	Candida albicans	1028:1043	Films presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans without significant differences between Ag-NPs concentrations.
26050897	3	9	theme	Different	397:405	arg1	concentrations					407:420	Different concentrations	397:420	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM)	397:456	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	5	10	theme	mechanical	829:838	arg1	analysis					840:847	dynamic mechanical analysis	821:847	dynamic mechanical analysis	821:847	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	5	11	theme	C30B	920:923	arg1	incorporation					903:915	the incorporation	899:915	the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs	899:934	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	3	12	dep	Ag-NPs	425:430	arg1	1.0mM					451:455	1.0mM	451:455	1.0mM	451:455	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	3	12	dep	Ag-NPs	425:430	arg1	0.8					443:445	0.8	443:445	0.8	443:445	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	4	13	theme	ST	603:604	arg1	films					606:610	ST films	603:610	ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	603:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	5	14	theme	barrier	761:767	arg1	properties					769:778	barrier properties	761:778	barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities)	761:818	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	4	15	theme	scanning	639:646	arg1	microscopy					657:666	X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	629:666	microscopy	657:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	4	16	from	Ag-NPs	593:598	arg1	films					606:610	ST films	603:610	ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	603:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	5	17	theme	dynamic	821:827	arg1	analysis					840:847	dynamic mechanical analysis	821:847	dynamic mechanical analysis	821:847	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	4	18	from	layers	582:587	arg1	films					606:610	ST films	603:610	ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	603:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	8	19	contain	have	1324:1327	arg2	potential					1329:1337	potential	1329:1337	potential	1329:1337	These results indicated that the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs have potential to be used as packaging nanostructured material.
26050897	8	19	contain	have	1324:1327	arg1	films					1284:1288	the starch films	1273:1288	the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs	1273:1322	These results indicated that the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs have potential to be used as packaging nanostructured material.
26050897	0	20	theme	nanostructured	14:27	arg1	starch					29:34	Antimicrobial nanostructured starch	0:34	Antimicrobial nanostructured starch	0:34	Antimicrobial nanostructured starch based films for packaging.
26050897	3	21	theme	reduction	536:544	arg1	method					546:551	chemical reduction method	527:551	chemical reduction method	527:551	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	7	22	theme	nanostructured	1145:1158	arg1	films					1167:1171	the nanostructured starch films	1141:1171	the nanostructured starch films	1141:1171	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	1	23	theme	quaternary	95:104	arg1	ammonium					106:113	a quaternary ammonium	93:113	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC)	93:157	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	0	24	theme	Antimicrobial	0:12	arg1	starch					29:34	Antimicrobial nanostructured starch	0:34	Antimicrobial nanostructured starch	0:34	Antimicrobial nanostructured starch based films for packaging.
26050897	4	25	theme	silicate	573:580	arg1	layers					582:587	C30B silicate layers	568:587	C30B silicate layers	568:587	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	7	26	theme	starch	1160:1165	arg1	films					1167:1171	the nanostructured starch films	1141:1171	the nanostructured starch films	1141:1171	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	1	27	theme	ammonium	106:113	arg1	C30B/ST-NC					147:156	C30B/ST-NC	147:156	C30B/ST-NC	147:156	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	27	theme	ammonium	106:113	arg1	nanocomposite					132:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite	93:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC)	93:157	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	27	theme	ammonium	106:113	arg1	nanocomposite					188:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite	160:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC)	160:215	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	4	28	theme	C30B	568:571	arg1	layers					582:587	C30B silicate layers	568:587	C30B silicate layers	568:587	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	1	29	theme	salt	115:118	arg1	C30B/ST-NC					147:156	C30B/ST-NC	147:156	C30B/ST-NC	147:156	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	29	theme	salt	115:118	arg1	nanocomposite					132:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite	93:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC)	93:157	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	29	theme	salt	115:118	arg1	nanocomposite					188:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite	160:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC)	160:215	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	4	30	theme	electron	648:655	arg1	microscopy					657:666	X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	629:666	microscopy	657:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	7	31	from	migration	1112:1120	arg1	films					1167:1171	the nanostructured starch films	1141:1171	the nanostructured starch films	1141:1171	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	7	32	from	films	1167:1171	arg1	minor					1210:1214	minor	1210:1214	minor	1210:1214	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	7	32	from	films	1167:1171	arg1	components					1125:1134	components	1125:1134	components from the nanostructured starch films	1125:1171	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	7	32	from	films	1167:1171	arg1	migration					1112:1120	The migration	1108:1120	The migration	1108:1120	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	5	33	theme	Color	729:733	arg1	measurements					747:758	Color and opacity measurements	729:758	Color and opacity measurements	729:758	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	1	34	theme	C30B/starch	120:130	arg1	C30B/ST-NC					147:156	C30B/ST-NC	147:156	C30B/ST-NC	147:156	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	34	theme	C30B/starch	120:130	arg1	nanocomposite					132:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite	93:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC)	93:157	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	34	theme	C30B/starch	120:130	arg1	nanocomposite					188:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite	160:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC)	160:215	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	35	theme	silver	226:231	arg1	films					294:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	5	36	theme	oxygen	797:802	arg1	permeabilities					804:817	oxygen permeabilities	797:817	oxygen permeabilities	797:817	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	4	37	theme	layers	582:587	arg1	Dispersion					554:563	Dispersion	554:563	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	554:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	7	38	theme	legal	1230:1234	arg1	limits					1236:1241	the legal limits	1226:1241	the legal limits	1226:1241	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	1	39	theme	nanoparticles/C30B/starch	233:257	arg1	films					294:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	4	40	from	Dispersion	554:563	arg1	films					606:610	ST films	603:610	ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	603:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	5	41	theme	opacity	739:745	arg1	measurements					747:758	Color and opacity measurements	729:758	Color and opacity measurements	729:758	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	1	42	theme	nanocomposites	259:272	arg1	films					294:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	8	43	theme	starch	1277:1282	arg1	films					1284:1288	the starch films	1273:1288	the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs	1273:1322	These results indicated that the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs have potential to be used as packaging nanostructured material.
26050897	5	44	theme	Ag-NPs	929:934	arg1	incorporation					903:915	the incorporation	899:915	the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs	899:934	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	7	45	theme	components	1125:1134	arg1	minor					1210:1214	minor	1210:1214	minor	1210:1214	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	7	45	theme	components	1125:1134	arg1	migration					1112:1120	The migration	1108:1120	The migration	1108:1120	The migration of components from the nanostructured starch films, assessed by food contact tests, was minor and under the legal limits.
26050897	5	46	dep	properties	769:778	arg1	vapor					787:791	water vapor	781:791	water vapor	781:791	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	5	46	dep	properties	769:778	arg1	permeabilities					804:817	oxygen permeabilities	797:817	oxygen permeabilities	797:817	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	1	47	theme	silver	160:165	arg1	nanocomposite					132:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite	93:144	a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC)	93:157	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	47	theme	silver	160:165	arg1	Ag-NPs/ST-NC					203:214	Ag-NPs/ST-NC	203:214	Ag-NPs/ST-NC	203:214	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	1	47	theme	silver	160:165	arg1	nanocomposite					188:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite	160:200	silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC)	160:215	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	3	48	theme	clay/starch	501:511	arg1	solutions					513:521	clay/starch solutions	501:521	clay/starch solutions	501:521	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	6	49	theme	antimicrobial	953:965	arg1	activity					967:974	antimicrobial activity	953:974	antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans	953:1043	Films presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans without significant differences between Ag-NPs concentrations.
26050897	4	50	theme	Ag-NPs	696:701	arg1	presence					684:691	the presence	680:691	the presence of Ag-NPs	680:701	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26050897	6	51	theme	Ag-NPs	1085:1090	arg1	concentrations					1092:1105	Ag-NPs concentrations	1085:1105	Ag-NPs concentrations	1085:1105	Films presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans without significant differences between Ag-NPs concentrations.
26050897	8	52	theme	nanostructured	1363:1376	arg1	material					1378:1385	packaging nanostructured material	1353:1385	packaging nanostructured material	1353:1385	These results indicated that the starch films incorporated with C30B and Ag-NPs have potential to be used as packaging nanostructured material.
26050897	2	53	theme	starch	354:359	arg1	solution					361:368	a starch solution	352:368	a starch solution using an ultrasonic probe	352:394	The nanoclay (C30B) was dispersed in a starch solution using an ultrasonic probe.
26050897	1	54	theme	Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC	275:291	arg1	films					294:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films	221:298	Montmorillonite modified with a quaternary ammonium salt C30B/starch nanocomposite (C30B/ST-NC), silver nanoparticles/starch nanocomposite (Ag-NPs/ST-NC) and both silver nanoparticles/C30B/starch nanocomposites (Ag-NPs/C30B/ST-NC) films were produced.
26050897	5	55	theme	contact	853:859	arg1	angle					861:865	contact angle	853:865	contact angle	853:865	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	3	56	theme	chemical	527:534	arg1	method					546:551	chemical reduction method	527:551	chemical reduction method	527:551	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	5	57	theme	water	781:785	arg1	vapor					787:791	water vapor	781:791	water vapor	781:791	Color and opacity measurements, barrier properties (water vapor and oxygen permeabilities), dynamic mechanical analysis and contact angle were evaluated and related with the incorporation of C30B and Ag-NPs.
26050897	6	58	theme	significant	1053:1063	arg1	differences					1065:1075	significant differences	1053:1075	significant differences between Ag-NPs concentrations	1053:1105	Films presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans without significant differences between Ag-NPs concentrations.
26050897	3	59	theme	Ag-NPs	425:430	arg1	concentrations					407:420	Different concentrations	397:420	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM)	397:456	Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mM) were synthesized directly in starch and in clay/starch solutions via chemical reduction method.
26050897	4	60	theme	X-ray	629:633	arg1	microscopy					657:666	X-ray and scanning electron microscopy	629:666	microscopy	657:666	Dispersion of C30B silicate layers and Ag-NPs in ST films characterized by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy showed that the presence of Ag-NPs enhanced clay dispersion.
26428629	0	0	theme	capsid	78:83	arg1	inhibitor					85:93	a prototype capsid inhibitor	66:93	a prototype capsid inhibitor	66:93	Development of chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor.
26428629	6	1	theme	central	915:921	arg1	CCD					941:943	CCD	941:943	CCD	941:943	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	6	1	theme	central	915:921	arg1	design					933:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design	888:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD)	888:944	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	3	2	theme	insoluble	484:492	arg1	solubility					494:503	a practically insoluble solubility	470:503	a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability	470:582	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	3	2	theme	insoluble	484:492	arg1	μg/mL					517:521	38 μg/mL	514:521	38 μg/mL (LYSA)	514:528	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	5	3	with	gelation	810:817	arg1	TPP					854:856	TPP	854:856	TPP	854:856	The Bay41-4109 nanoparticles were prepared by gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate (TPP) through ionic cross-linking.
26428629	5	3	with	gelation	810:817	arg1	tripolyphosphate					836:851	tripolyphosphate	836:851	tripolyphosphate (TPP)	836:857	The Bay41-4109 nanoparticles were prepared by gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate (TPP) through ionic cross-linking.
26428629	1	4	theme	enzymatic	236:244	arg1	stability					263:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	0	5	theme	prototype	68:76	arg1	inhibitor					85:93	a prototype capsid inhibitor	66:93	a prototype capsid inhibitor	66:93	Development of chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor.
26428629	6	6	theme	three-level	903:913	arg1	CCD					941:943	CCD	941:943	CCD	941:943	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	6	6	theme	three-level	903:913	arg1	design					933:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design	888:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD)	888:944	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	1	7	theme	BDDCS	170:174	arg1	Class					177:181	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	6	8	theme	three-factor	890:901	arg1	CCD					941:943	CCD	941:943	CCD	941:943	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	6	8	theme	three-factor	890:901	arg1	design					933:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design	888:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD)	888:944	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	7	9	theme	dependent	1102:1110	arg1	variables					1112:1120	the dependent variables	1098:1120	the dependent variables	1098:1120	A quadratic polynomial model was generated to predict and evaluate the independent variables with respect to the dependent variables.
26428629	1	10	theme	metabolic	253:261	arg1	stability					263:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	8	11	theme	chitosan	1158:1165	arg1	nanoparticles					1167:1179	the chitosan nanoparticles	1154:1179	the chitosan nanoparticles	1154:1179	Bay41-4109 was encapsulated in the chitosan nanoparticles were demonstrated by PLM, FTIR, DSC, XRD and TEM etc.
26428629	3	12	contain	has	466:468	arg2	solubility					494:503	a practically insoluble solubility	470:503	a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability	470:582	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	3	12	contain	has	466:468	arg2	μg/mL					517:521	38 μg/mL	514:521	38 μg/mL (LYSA)	514:528	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	3	12	contain	has	466:468	arg1	BDDCS					454:458	the BDDCS	450:458	the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability	450:582	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	4	13	theme	loaded	665:670	arg1	nanoparticles					681:693	Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles	654:693	Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles	654:693	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	9	14	dep	in	1239:1240	arg1	vivo					1242:1245	vivo	1242:1245	vivo	1242:1245	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	9	15	theme	better	1298:1303	arg1	bioavailability					1305:1319	better bioavailability	1298:1319	better bioavailability	1298:1319	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	5	16	theme	chitosan	822:829	arg1	gelation					810:817	gelation	810:817	gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate (TPP)	810:857	The Bay41-4109 nanoparticles were prepared by gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate (TPP) through ionic cross-linking.
26428629	4	17	theme	HBV	759:761	arg1	treatment					746:754	treatment	746:754	treatment of HBV	746:761	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	9	18	theme	Bay41-4109	1376:1385	arg1	delivery					1364:1371	oral delivery	1359:1371	oral delivery of Bay41-4109	1359:1385	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	1	19	theme	Class	177:181	arg1	delivery					101:108	Oral delivery	96:108	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	96:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	9	20	theme	promising	1336:1344	arg1	approach					1346:1353	a promising approach	1334:1353	a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV	1334:1410	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	2	21	theme	HBV	373:375	arg1	replication					377:387	HBV replication	373:387	HBV replication	373:387	Bay41-4109, a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family, inhibits HBV replication by destabilizing capsid assembly.
26428629	1	22	with	delivery	101:108	arg1	solubility					216:225	poor aqueous solubility	203:225	poor aqueous solubility	203:225	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	1	22	with	delivery	101:108	arg1	stability					263:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	3	23	theme	oral	538:541	arg1	delivery					543:550	the oral delivery	534:550	the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability	534:582	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	2	24	theme	family	356:361	arg1	Bay41-4109					294:303	Bay41-4109	294:303	Bay41-4109	294:303	Bay41-4109, a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family, inhibits HBV replication by destabilizing capsid assembly.
26428629	2	24	theme	family	356:361	arg1	member					308:313	a member	306:313	a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family	306:361	Bay41-4109, a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family, inhibits HBV replication by destabilizing capsid assembly.
26428629	7	25	theme	independent	1060:1070	arg1	variables					1072:1080	the independent variables	1056:1080	the independent variables	1056:1080	A quadratic polynomial model was generated to predict and evaluate the independent variables with respect to the dependent variables.
26428629	1	26	theme	Oral	96:99	arg1	delivery					101:108	Oral delivery	96:108	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	96:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	1	27	theme	IV	189:190	arg1	delivery					101:108	Oral delivery	96:108	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	96:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	0	28	theme	chitosan	15:22	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of chitosan	0:22	Development of chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor.
26428629	2	29	theme	HAP	351:353	arg1	family					356:361	the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family	318:361	the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family	318:361	Bay41-4109, a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family, inhibits HBV replication by destabilizing capsid assembly.
26428629	3	30	theme	BDDCS	454:458	arg1	class					438:442	class II	438:445	class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability	438:582	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	0	31	theme	drug	41:44	arg1	system					55:60	drug delivery system	41:60	drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor	41:93	Development of chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor.
26428629	2	32	theme	heteroaryldihydropyrimidine	322:348	arg1	family					356:361	the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family	318:361	the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family	318:361	Bay41-4109, a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family, inhibits HBV replication by destabilizing capsid assembly.
26428629	4	33	theme	research	612:619	arg1	work					621:624	the current research work	600:624	the current research work	600:624	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	9	34	contain	have	1293:1296	arg2	bioavailability					1305:1319	better bioavailability	1298:1319	better bioavailability	1298:1319	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	9	34	contain	have	1293:1296	arg1	nanoparticles					1279:1291	Bay41-4109 nanoparticles	1268:1291	Bay41-4109 nanoparticles	1268:1291	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	2	35	theme	capsid	406:411	arg1	assembly					413:420	capsid assembly	406:420	capsid assembly	406:420	Bay41-4109, a member of the heteroaryldihydropyrimidine (HAP) family, inhibits HBV replication by destabilizing capsid assembly.
26428629	9	36	theme	Bay41-4109	1268:1277	arg1	nanoparticles					1279:1291	Bay41-4109 nanoparticles	1268:1291	Bay41-4109 nanoparticles	1268:1291	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	4	37	theme	chitosan	672:679	arg1	nanoparticles					681:693	Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles	654:693	Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles	654:693	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	3	38	theme	low	564:566	arg1	bioavailability					568:582	low bioavailability	564:582	low bioavailability	564:582	It pertains to class II of the BDDCS which has a practically insoluble solubility which is 38 μg/mL (LYSA) and the oral delivery resulted in low bioavailability.
26428629	1	39	theme	poor	203:206	arg1	solubility					216:225	poor aqueous solubility	203:225	poor aqueous solubility	203:225	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	5	40	theme	ionic	867:871	arg1	cross-linking					873:885	ionic cross-linking	867:885	ionic cross-linking	867:885	The Bay41-4109 nanoparticles were prepared by gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate (TPP) through ionic cross-linking.
26428629	0	41	theme	delivery	46:53	arg1	system					55:60	drug delivery system	41:60	drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor	41:93	Development of chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery system for a prototype capsid inhibitor.
26428629	9	42	theme	oral	1359:1362	arg1	delivery					1364:1371	oral delivery	1359:1371	oral delivery of Bay41-4109	1359:1385	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	1	43	dep	Class	177:181	arg1	drugs					192:196	drugs	192:196	drugs	192:196	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	7	44	theme	quadratic	991:999	arg1	model					1012:1016	A quadratic polynomial model	989:1016	A quadratic polynomial model	989:1016	A quadratic polynomial model was generated to predict and evaluate the independent variables with respect to the dependent variables.
26428629	1	45	theme	biopharmaceutics	113:128	arg1	Class					177:181	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	8	46	dep	PLM	1202:1204	arg1	etc					1230:1232	etc	1230:1232	etc	1230:1232	Bay41-4109 was encapsulated in the chitosan nanoparticles were demonstrated by PLM, FTIR, DSC, XRD and TEM etc.
26428629	9	47	theme	in	1239:1240	arg1	results					1247:1253	The in vivo results	1235:1253	The in vivo results	1235:1253	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	7	48	theme	polynomial	1001:1010	arg1	model					1012:1016	A quadratic polynomial model	989:1016	A quadratic polynomial model	989:1016	A quadratic polynomial model was generated to predict and evaluate the independent variables with respect to the dependent variables.
26428629	1	49	theme	drug	130:133	arg1	Class					177:181	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	1	50	theme	aqueous	208:214	arg1	solubility					216:225	poor aqueous solubility	203:225	poor aqueous solubility	203:225	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	1	51	theme	disposition	135:145	arg1	Class					177:181	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	4	52	dep	solubility	711:720	arg1	the					707:709	the	707:709	the	707:709	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	4	53	theme	current	604:610	arg1	work					621:624	the current research work	600:624	the current research work	600:624	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	1	54	theme	classification	147:160	arg1	Class					177:181	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	4	55	theme	work	621:624	arg1	purpose					589:595	The purpose	585:595	The purpose of the current research work	585:624	The purpose of the current research work was to develop and evaluate Bay41-4109 loaded chitosan nanoparticles to increase the solubility and bioavailability for treatment of HBV.
26428629	9	56	theme	HBV	1408:1410	arg1	treatment					1395:1403	the treatment	1391:1403	the treatment of HBV	1391:1410	The in vivo results suggest that Bay41-4109 nanoparticles have better bioavailability and would be a promising approach for oral delivery of Bay41-4109 for the treatment of HBV.
26428629	6	57	theme	composite	923:931	arg1	CCD					941:943	CCD	941:943	CCD	941:943	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	6	57	theme	composite	923:931	arg1	design					933:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design	888:938	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD)	888:944	A three-factor three-level central composite design (CCD) was introduced to perform the experiments.
26428629	1	58	theme	system	162:167	arg1	Class					177:181	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II	113:184	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
26428629	1	59	theme	poor	231:234	arg1	stability					263:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability	231:271	Oral delivery of biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system (BDDCS) Class II or IV drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging.
27339112	2	0	theme	rumen	539:543	arg1	microbiota					545:554	rumen microbiota	539:554	rumen microbiota	539:554	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	1	1	theme	pH	246:247	arg1	decrease					228:235	a rapid decrease	220:235	a rapid decrease of rumen pH	220:247	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	1	1	theme	pH	246:247	arg1	levels					258:263	high levels	253:263	high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants	253:375	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	3	2	theme	lactic	892:897	arg1	acid					899:902	lactic acid	892:902	lactic acid	892:902	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	3	theme	final	655:659	arg1	<					643:643	P < 0.05	641:648	P < 0.05	641:648	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	3	theme	final	655:659	arg1	levels					664:669	the final pH levels	651:669	the final pH levels	651:669	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	1	4	theme	high	253:256	arg1	levels					258:263	high levels	253:263	high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants	253:375	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	3	5	theme	levels	882:887	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	5	theme	levels	882:887	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	5	6	theme	P	1239:1239	arg1	<					1241:1241	P < 0.05	1239:1246	P < 0.05	1239:1246	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	1	7	theme	high	183:186	arg1	levels					188:193	high levels	183:193	high levels of carbohydrates	183:210	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	2	8	theme	LPS	496:498	arg1	effects					421:427	the effects	417:427	the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation	417:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	8	theme	LPS	496:498	arg1	composition					524:534	composition	524:534	composition of rumen microbiota	524:554	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	8	theme	LPS	496:498	arg1	levels					486:491	levels	486:491	levels of LPS and biogenic amine	486:517	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	0	9	theme	amine	111:115	arg1	levels					69:74	levels	69:74	levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine	69:115	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	9	theme	amine	111:115	arg1	fermentation					55:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	9	theme	amine	111:115	arg1	composition					122:132	composition	122:132	composition of rumen microbiota	122:152	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	3	10	theme	fatty	708:712	arg1	acids					714:718	total volatile fatty acids	693:718	total volatile fatty acids	693:718	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	1	11	theme	ruminants	367:375	arg1	performance					352:362	the health and performance	337:362	performance	352:362	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	1	11	theme	ruminants	367:375	arg1	health					341:346	the health and performance	337:362	health	341:346	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	4	12	theme	BC	1040:1041	arg1	inclusion					1043:1051	BC inclusion	1040:1051	BC inclusion	1040:1051	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	3	13	theme	total	693:697	arg1	acids					714:718	total volatile fatty acids	693:718	total volatile fatty acids	693:718	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	6	14	from	increase	1425:1432	arg1	pH					1445:1446	ruminal pH	1437:1446	ruminal pH	1437:1446	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	2	15	theme	biogenic	504:511	arg1	amine					513:517	biogenic amine	504:517	biogenic amine	504:517	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	0	16	theme	microbiota	143:152	arg1	levels					69:74	levels	69:74	levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine	69:115	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	16	theme	microbiota	143:152	arg1	fermentation					55:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	16	theme	microbiota	143:152	arg1	composition					122:132	composition	122:132	composition of rumen microbiota	122:152	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	4	17	theme	rRNA	1018:1021	arg1	gene					1023:1026	the 16S rRNA gene	1010:1026	the 16S rRNA gene	1010:1026	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	0	18	theme	rumen	49:53	arg1	fermentation					55:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	6	19	theme	levels	1410:1415	arg1	reduction					1388:1396	the reduction	1384:1396	the reduction of bioamine levels	1384:1415	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	6	19	theme	levels	1410:1415	arg1	increase					1425:1432	the increase	1421:1432	the increase in ruminal pH	1421:1446	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	0	20	from	effects	9:15	arg1	composition					122:132	composition	122:132	composition of rumen microbiota	122:152	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	20	from	effects	9:15	arg1	fermentation					55:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	20	from	effects	9:15	arg1	levels					69:74	levels	69:74	levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine	69:115	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	6	21	theme	microbial	1470:1478	arg1	ecology					1480:1486	the microbial ecology	1466:1486	the microbial ecology of the rumen	1466:1499	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	5	22	dep	increased	1228:1236	arg1	<					1241:1241	P < 0.05	1239:1246	P < 0.05	1239:1246	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	2	23	theme	rumen	571:575	arg1	cultures					577:584	in vitro rumen cultures	562:584	in vitro rumen cultures	562:584	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	6	24	contain	has	1358:1360	arg1	supplementation					1342:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	6	24	contain	has	1358:1360	arg2	effects					1373:1379	beneficial effects	1362:1379	beneficial effects	1362:1379	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	6	25	from	reduction	1388:1396	arg1	pH					1445:1446	ruminal pH	1437:1446	ruminal pH	1437:1446	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	4	26	theme	P	1064:1064	arg1	<					1066:1066	P < 0.05	1064:1071	P < 0.05	1064:1071	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	5	27	theme	relative	1171:1178	arg1	abundance					1180:1188	the relative abundance	1167:1188	the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio	1167:1222	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	0	28	theme	In	0:1	arg1	effects					9:15	In vitro effects	0:15	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.	0:153	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	1	29	contain	containing	172:181	arg1	Diets					166:170	BACKGROUND Diets	155:170	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates	155:210	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	1	29	contain	containing	172:181	arg2	levels					188:193	high levels	183:193	high levels of carbohydrates	183:210	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	7	30	theme	Chemical	1600:1607	arg1	Industry					1609:1616	Chemical Industry	1600:1616	Chemical Industry	1600:1616	© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
27339112	1	31	theme	biogenic	268:275	arg1	amines					277:282	biogenic amines	268:282	biogenic amines	268:282	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	2	32	theme	sodium	432:437	arg1	buffer					456:461	sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer	432:461	sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer	432:461	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	3	33	theme	RESULTS	587:593	arg1	supplementation					614:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	587:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	587:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	0	34	theme	sodium	20:25	arg1	buffer					39:44	sodium bicarbonate buffer	20:44	sodium bicarbonate buffer	20:44	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	35	theme	buffer	39:44	arg1	effects					9:15	In vitro effects	0:15	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.	0:153	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	6	36	theme	Sodium	1323:1328	arg1	supplementation					1342:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	3	37	theme	butyrate	865:872	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	37	theme	butyrate	865:872	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	38	theme	bicarbonate	602:612	arg1	supplementation					614:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	587:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	587:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	0	39	dep	In	0:1	arg1	vitro					3:7	vitro	3:7	vitro	3:7	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	5	40	dep	decreased	1146:1154	arg1	<					1159:1159	P < 0.05	1157:1164	P < 0.05	1157:1164	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	1	41	theme	rumen	240:244	arg1	pH					246:247	rumen pH	240:247	rumen pH	240:247	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	6	42	theme	diet	1565:1568	arg1	conditions					1570:1579	high-grain diet conditions	1554:1579	high-grain diet conditions	1554:1579	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	3	43	theme	P	641:641	arg1	<					643:643	P < 0.05	641:648	P < 0.05	641:648	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	43	theme	P	641:641	arg1	levels					664:669	the final pH levels	651:669	the final pH levels	651:669	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	44	theme	pH	661:662	arg1	<					643:643	P < 0.05	641:648	P < 0.05	641:648	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	44	theme	pH	661:662	arg1	levels					664:669	the final pH levels	651:669	the final pH levels	651:669	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	1	45	theme	BACKGROUND	155:164	arg1	Diets					166:170	BACKGROUND Diets	155:170	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates	155:210	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	2	46	theme	in	562:563	arg1	cultures					577:584	in vitro rumen cultures	562:584	in vitro rumen cultures	562:584	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	3	47	theme	methylamine	905:915	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	47	theme	methylamine	905:915	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	4	48	theme	16S	1014:1016	arg1	gene					1023:1026	the 16S rRNA gene	1010:1026	the 16S rRNA gene	1010:1026	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	2	49	theme	microbiota	545:554	arg1	effects					421:427	the effects	417:427	the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation	417:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	49	theme	microbiota	545:554	arg1	composition					524:534	composition	524:534	composition of rumen microbiota	524:554	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	49	theme	microbiota	545:554	arg1	levels					486:491	levels	486:491	levels of LPS and biogenic amine	486:517	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	tryptamine					918:927	tryptamine	918:927	tryptamine	918:927	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	tyramine					930:937	tyramine	930:937	tyramine	930:937	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	butyrate					865:872	butyrate	865:872	butyrate	865:872	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	methylamine					905:915	methylamine	905:915	methylamine	905:915	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	histamine					940:948	histamine	940:948	histamine	940:948	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	putrescine					954:963	putrescine	954:963	putrescine	954:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	50	theme	acid	899:902	arg1	levels					882:887	the levels	878:887	the levels of lactic acid	878:902	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	4	51	dep	increased	1053:1061	arg1	<					1066:1066	P < 0.05	1064:1071	P < 0.05	1064:1071	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	2	52	dep	in	562:563	arg1	vitro					565:569	vitro	565:569	vitro	565:569	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	1	53	theme	carbohydrates	198:210	arg1	levels					188:193	high levels	183:193	high levels of carbohydrates	183:210	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	propionate					768:777	propionate	768:777	propionate	768:777	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	valerate					809:816	valerate	809:816	valerate	809:816	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	<					643:643	P < 0.05	641:648	P < 0.05	641:648	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	levels					664:669	the final pH levels	651:669	the final pH levels	651:669	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	proportions					744:754	the proportions	740:754	the proportions of acetate	740:765	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	concentrations					675:688	concentrations	675:688	concentrations	675:688	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	isobutyrate					780:790	isobutyrate	780:790	isobutyrate	780:790	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	54	theme	acids	714:718	arg1	isovalerate					793:803	isovalerate	793:803	isovalerate	793:803	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	0	55	theme	rumen	137:141	arg1	microbiota					143:152	rumen microbiota	137:152	rumen microbiota	137:152	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	6	56	theme	ruminal	1437:1443	arg1	pH					1445:1446	ruminal pH	1437:1446	ruminal pH	1437:1446	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	2	57	theme	amine	513:517	arg1	effects					421:427	the effects	417:427	the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation	417:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	57	theme	amine	513:517	arg1	composition					524:534	composition	524:534	composition of rumen microbiota	524:554	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	57	theme	amine	513:517	arg1	levels					486:491	levels	486:491	levels of LPS and biogenic amine	486:517	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	3	58	theme	volatile	699:706	arg1	acids					714:718	total volatile fatty acids	693:718	total volatile fatty acids	693:718	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	6	59	theme	rumen	1495:1499	arg1	ecology					1480:1486	the microbial ecology	1466:1486	the microbial ecology of the rumen	1466:1499	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	4	60	theme	gene	1023:1026	arg1	Pyrosequencing					992:1005	Pyrosequencing	992:1005	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene	992:1026	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	6	61	theme	beneficial	1362:1371	arg1	effects					1373:1379	beneficial effects	1362:1379	beneficial effects	1362:1379	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	propionate					768:777	propionate	768:777	propionate	768:777	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	valerate					809:816	valerate	809:816	valerate	809:816	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	<					643:643	P < 0.05	641:648	P < 0.05	641:648	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	levels					664:669	the final pH levels	651:669	the final pH levels	651:669	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	proportions					744:754	the proportions	740:754	the proportions of acetate	740:765	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	concentrations					675:688	concentrations	675:688	concentrations	675:688	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	isobutyrate					780:790	isobutyrate	780:790	isobutyrate	780:790	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	62	theme	acetate	759:765	arg1	isovalerate					793:803	isovalerate	793:803	isovalerate	793:803	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	2	63	theme	BC	452:453	arg1	buffer					456:461	sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer	432:461	sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer	432:461	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	propionate					768:777	propionate	768:777	propionate	768:777	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	valerate					809:816	valerate	809:816	valerate	809:816	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	<					643:643	P < 0.05	641:648	P < 0.05	641:648	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	levels					664:669	the final pH levels	651:669	the final pH levels	651:669	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	proportions					744:754	the proportions	740:754	the proportions of acetate	740:765	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	concentrations					675:688	concentrations	675:688	concentrations	675:688	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	isobutyrate					780:790	isobutyrate	780:790	isobutyrate	780:790	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	64	theme	LPS	724:726	arg1	isovalerate					793:803	isovalerate	793:803	isovalerate	793:803	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	65	theme	tyramine	930:937	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	65	theme	tyramine	930:937	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	6	66	theme	bioamine	1401:1408	arg1	levels					1410:1415	bioamine levels	1401:1415	bioamine levels	1401:1415	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	6	67	theme	LPS	1544:1546	arg1	accumulation					1528:1539	an accumulation	1525:1539	an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions	1525:1579	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	2	68	theme	bicarbonate	439:449	arg1	buffer					456:461	sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer	432:461	sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer	432:461	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	6	69	theme	high-grain	1554:1563	arg1	conditions					1570:1579	high-grain diet conditions	1554:1579	high-grain diet conditions	1554:1579	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	4	70	theme	bacterial	1078:1086	arg1	index					1098:1102	the bacterial diversity index	1074:1102	the bacterial diversity index	1074:1102	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	0	71	theme	lipopolysaccharide	79:96	arg1	levels					69:74	levels	69:74	levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine	69:115	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	71	theme	lipopolysaccharide	79:96	arg1	fermentation					55:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	rumen fermentation	49:66	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	0	71	theme	lipopolysaccharide	79:96	arg1	composition					122:132	composition	122:132	composition of rumen microbiota	122:152	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	3	72	theme	tryptamine	918:927	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	72	theme	tryptamine	918:927	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	2	73	theme	rumen	466:470	arg1	fermentation					472:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	74	from	effects	421:427	arg1	fermentation					472:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	0	75	theme	biogenic	102:109	arg1	amine					111:115	biogenic amine	102:115	biogenic amine	102:115	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	3	76	theme	putrescine	954:963	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	76	theme	putrescine	954:963	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	2	77	theme	buffer	456:461	arg1	effects					421:427	the effects	417:427	the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation	417:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	77	theme	buffer	456:461	arg1	composition					524:534	composition	524:534	composition of rumen microbiota	524:554	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	2	77	theme	buffer	456:461	arg1	levels					486:491	levels	486:491	levels of LPS and biogenic amine	486:517	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	5	78	theme	Succinivibrio	1282:1294	arg1	proportions					1253:1263	the proportions	1249:1263	the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella	1249:1309	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	3	79	theme	histamine	940:948	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	79	theme	histamine	940:948	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	2	80	from	composition	524:534	arg1	fermentation					472:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	5	81	theme	Prevotella	1300:1309	arg1	proportions					1253:1263	the proportions	1249:1263	the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella	1249:1309	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	4	82	theme	diversity	1088:1096	arg1	index					1098:1102	the bacterial diversity index	1074:1102	the bacterial diversity index	1074:1102	Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene showed that BC inclusion increased (P < 0.05) the bacterial diversity index compared with the control.
27339112	3	83	theme	P	837:837	arg1	<					839:839	P < 0.05	837:844	P < 0.05	837:844	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	3	83	theme	P	837:837	arg1	proportion					851:860	the proportion	847:860	(P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine	836:963	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	2	84	theme	study	395:399	arg1	goal					382:385	The goal	378:385	The goal of this study	378:399	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	5	85	theme	P	1157:1157	arg1	<					1159:1159	P < 0.05	1157:1164	P < 0.05	1157:1164	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	0	86	theme	bicarbonate	27:37	arg1	buffer					39:44	sodium bicarbonate buffer	20:44	sodium bicarbonate buffer	20:44	In vitro effects of sodium bicarbonate buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of lipopolysaccharide and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota.
27339112	1	87	theme	amines	277:282	arg1	decrease					228:235	a rapid decrease	220:235	a rapid decrease of rumen pH	220:247	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	1	87	theme	amines	277:282	arg1	levels					258:263	high levels	253:263	high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants	253:375	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	5	88	theme	Butyrivibrio	1211:1222	arg1	abundance					1180:1188	the relative abundance	1167:1188	the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio	1167:1222	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27339112	1	89	theme	lipopolysaccharides	288:306	arg1	decrease					228:235	a rapid decrease	220:235	a rapid decrease of rumen pH	220:247	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	1	89	theme	lipopolysaccharides	288:306	arg1	levels					258:263	high levels	253:263	high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants	253:375	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	6	90	theme	bicarbonate	1330:1340	arg1	supplementation					1342:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	2	91	from	levels	486:491	arg1	fermentation					472:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	rumen fermentation	466:483	The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate (BC) buffer on rumen fermentation, levels of LPS and biogenic amine, and composition of rumen microbiota using in vitro rumen cultures.
27339112	3	92	theme	Sodium	595:600	arg1	supplementation					614:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	587:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	587:628	RESULTS Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the final pH levels and concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and LPS, as well as the proportions of acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, isovalerate and valerate, and it decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of butyrate and the levels of lactic acid, methylamine, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and putrescine compared with the control.
27339112	6	93	theme	CONCLUSION	1312:1321	arg1	supplementation					1342:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation	1312:1356	CONCLUSION Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has beneficial effects in the reduction of bioamine levels and the increase in ruminal pH, and in modifying the microbial ecology of the rumen; however, it results in an accumulation of LPS under high-grain diet conditions.
27339112	1	94	theme	rapid	222:226	arg1	decrease					228:235	a rapid decrease	220:235	a rapid decrease of rumen pH	220:247	BACKGROUND Diets containing high levels of carbohydrates provoke a rapid decrease of rumen pH and high levels of biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which severely impair the health and performance of ruminants.
27339112	5	95	theme	Streptococcus	1193:1205	arg1	abundance					1180:1188	the relative abundance	1167:1188	the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio	1167:1222	Adding BC also decreased (P < 0.05) the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Butyrivibrio and increased (P < 0.05) the proportions of Ruminococcus, Succinivibrio and Prevotella.
27664398	5	0	dep	decreased	1140:1148	arg1	<					1153:1153	P < 0.05	1151:1158	P < 0.05	1151:1158	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	8	1	theme	SH	1929:1930	arg1	generation					1932:1941	CH3 SH generation	1925:1941	CH3 SH generation	1925:1941	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	2	2	theme	×	290:290	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	2	theme	×	290:290	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	8	3	theme	sulfur-containing	2116:2132	arg1	acids					2140:2144	these two sulfur-containing amino acids	2106:2144	these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine	2106:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	1	4	theme	CH3	232:234	arg1	mercaptan					221:229	methyl mercaptan	214:229	methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH)	214:238	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	4	theme	CH3	232:234	arg1	SH					236:237	CH3 SH	232:237	CH3 SH	232:237	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	2	5	dep	diet	466:469	arg1	inulin					523:528	inulin	523:528	inulin	523:528	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	8	6	theme	acids	2140:2144	arg1	synthesis					2093:2101	increased synthesis	2083:2101	increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine	2083:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	8	7	theme	methionine	1953:1962	arg1	pathways					1986:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	4	8	theme	Illumina	940:947	arg1	procedure					955:963	the Illumina MiSeq procedure	936:963	the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	936:1122	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	8	9	from	acids	2140:2144	arg1	intestine					2163:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	1	10	from	pigs	243:246	arg1	mitigation					135:144	the mitigation	131:144	the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	131:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	11	theme	enteric	149:155	arg1	mercaptan					221:229	methyl mercaptan	214:229	methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH)	214:238	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	11	theme	enteric	149:155	arg1	sulfide					195:201	hydrogen sulfide	186:201	hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)	186:208	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	11	theme	enteric	149:155	arg1	gases					180:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases	149:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	149:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	8	12	from	pathways	2055:2062	arg1	generation					2004:2013	H2 S generation	1999:2013	H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	1999:2062	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	8	12	from	pathways	2055:2062	arg1	pathways					1986:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	7	13	theme	butyricum	1568:1576	arg1	growth					1477:1482	The growth	1473:1482	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum	1473:1576	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	8	14	theme	metabolic	1976:1984	arg1	pathways					1986:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	3	15	theme	acid	609:612	arg1	concentration					620:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	6	16	theme	intestinal	1314:1323	arg1	content					1325:1331	the large intestinal content	1304:1331	the large intestinal content	1304:1331	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	1	17	theme	odor	175:178	arg1	mercaptan					221:229	methyl mercaptan	214:229	methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH)	214:238	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	17	theme	odor	175:178	arg1	sulfide					195:201	hydrogen sulfide	186:201	hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)	186:208	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	17	theme	odor	175:178	arg1	gases					180:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases	149:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	149:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	6	18	dep	decreased	1451:1459	arg1	<					1464:1464	P < 0.05	1462:1469	P < 0.05	1462:1469	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	3	19	theme	volatile	594:601	arg1	concentration					620:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	9	20	theme	Chemical	2192:2199	arg1	Industry					2201:2208	Chemical Industry	2192:2208	Chemical Industry	2192:2208	© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
27664398	1	21	theme	hydrogen	186:193	arg1	sulfide					195:201	hydrogen sulfide	186:201	hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)	186:208	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	21	theme	hydrogen	186:193	arg1	S					207:207	H2 S	204:207	H2 S	204:207	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	21	theme	hydrogen	186:193	arg1	gases					180:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases	149:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	149:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	7	22	theme	pigs	1754:1757	arg1	content					1719:1725	the large intestinal content	1698:1725	the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs	1698:1757	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	8	23	theme	S	2002:2002	arg1	generation					2004:2013	H2 S generation	1999:2013	H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	1999:2062	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	7	24	theme	Pseudobutyrivibrio	1516:1533	arg1	growth					1477:1482	The growth	1473:1482	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum	1473:1576	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	3	25	theme	VFA	615:617	arg1	concentration					620:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	1	26	from	gases	180:184	arg1	pigs					243:246	pigs	243:246	pigs	243:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	3	27	theme	bacteria	706:713	arg1	concentration					660:672	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	27	theme	bacteria	706:713	arg1	expression					725:734	expression	725:734	expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	725:771	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	27	theme	bacteria	706:713	arg1	concentration					620:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	27	theme	bacteria	706:713	arg1	population					675:684	population	675:684	population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)	675:719	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	6	28	theme	P	1462:1462	arg1	<					1464:1464	P < 0.05	1462:1469	P < 0.05	1462:1469	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	8	29	theme	cysteine	2024:2031	arg1	pathways					2055:2062	two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	2020:2062	two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	2020:2062	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	7	30	theme	Butyrivibrio	1502:1513	arg1	growth					1477:1482	The growth	1473:1482	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum	1473:1576	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	8	31	theme	metabolic	2045:2053	arg1	pathways					2055:2062	two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	2020:2062	two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	2020:2062	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	1	32	dep	BACKGROUND	85:94	arg1	examined					253:260	examined	253:260	were examined in this study	248:274	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	5	33	theme	RESULTS	1125:1131	arg1	Inulin					1133:1138	RESULTS Inulin	1125:1138	RESULTS Inulin	1125:1138	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	3	34	theme	sulfate	635:641	arg1	SO42-					652:656	SO42-	652:656	SO42-	652:656	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	34	theme	sulfate	635:641	arg1	radical					643:649	sulfate radical	635:649	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	0	35	theme	enteric	45:51	arg1	odor					71:74	enteric sulfur-containing odor	45:74	enteric sulfur-containing odor	45:74	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	6	36	theme	P	1363:1363	arg1	<					1365:1365	P < 0.05	1363:1370	P < 0.05	1363:1370	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	0	37	from	role	13:16	arg1	mitigation					31:40	mitigation	31:40	mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs	31:82	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	0	38	theme	odor	71:74	arg1	mitigation					31:40	mitigation	31:40	mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs	31:82	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	0	39	from	Efficacy	0:7	arg1	mitigation					31:40	mitigation	31:40	mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs	31:82	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	4	40	theme	large	1047:1051	arg1	intestine					1053:1061	the large intestine	1043:1061	the large intestine	1043:1061	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	7	41	theme	intestinal	1708:1717	arg1	content					1719:1725	the large intestinal content	1698:1725	the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs	1698:1757	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	6	42	theme	MGL	1431:1433	arg1	expression					1440:1449	MGL mRNA expression	1431:1449	MGL mRNA expression	1431:1449	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	3	43	theme	gamma-lyase	750:760	arg1	gene					768:771	methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	739:771	methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	739:771	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	0	44	from	mitigation	31:40	arg1	pigs					79:82	pigs	79:82	pigs	79:82	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	1	45	dep	efficacy	100:107	arg1	The					96:98	The	96:98	The	96:98	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	46	from	role	113:116	arg1	mitigation					135:144	the mitigation	131:144	the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	131:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	3	47	from	caecum	810:815	arg1	contents					792:799	contents	792:799	contents from the caecum	792:815	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	47	from	caecum	810:815	arg1	rectum					843:848	rectum	843:848	rectum	843:848	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	47	from	caecum	810:815	arg1	colon					818:822	colon	818:822	colon (two segments)	818:837	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	4	48	theme	different	1024:1032	arg1	parts					1034:1038	the different parts	1020:1038	the different parts of the large intestine	1020:1061	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	2	49	theme	finisher	318:325	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	49	theme	finisher	318:325	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	7	50	theme	SO42-	1689:1693	arg1	accumulation					1673:1684	an accumulation	1670:1684	an accumulation of SO42-	1670:1693	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	1	51	from	efficacy	100:107	arg1	mitigation					135:144	the mitigation	131:144	the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	131:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	3	52	theme	gene	768:771	arg1	concentration					660:672	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	52	theme	gene	768:771	arg1	expression					725:734	expression	725:734	expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	725:771	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	52	theme	gene	768:771	arg1	concentration					620:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	52	theme	gene	768:771	arg1	population					675:684	population	675:684	population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)	675:719	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	4	53	theme	Metabonomic	851:861	arg1	analysis					863:870	Metabonomic analysis	851:870	Metabonomic analysis	851:870	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	3	54	theme	MGL	763:765	arg1	gene					768:771	methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	739:771	methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	739:771	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	5	55	theme	P	1151:1151	arg1	<					1153:1153	P < 0.05	1151:1158	P < 0.05	1151:1158	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	0	56	theme	inulin	21:26	arg1	role					13:16	role	13:16	role	13:16	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	0	56	theme	inulin	21:26	arg1	Efficacy					0:7	Efficacy	0:7	Efficacy	0:7	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	2	57	theme	open-circuit	372:383	arg1	chambers					397:404	open-circuit respiration chambers	372:404	open-circuit respiration chambers	372:404	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	58	theme	Duroc	284:288	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	58	theme	Duroc	284:288	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	8	59	theme	increased	2083:2091	arg1	synthesis					2093:2101	increased synthesis	2083:2101	increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine	2083:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	4	60	from	components	1005:1014	arg1	parts					1034:1038	the different parts	1020:1038	the different parts of the large intestine	1020:1061	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	5	61	theme	SH	1200:1201	arg1	production					1203:1212	the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production	1161:1212	production	1203:1212	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	1	62	theme	H2	204:205	arg1	sulfide					195:201	hydrogen sulfide	186:201	hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)	186:208	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	62	theme	H2	204:205	arg1	S					207:207	H2 S	204:207	H2 S	204:207	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	4	63	theme	biochemical	907:917	arg1	composition					919:929	biochemical composition	907:929	biochemical composition	907:929	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	1	64	dep	gases	180:184	arg1	mercaptan					221:229	methyl mercaptan	214:229	methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH)	214:238	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	64	dep	gases	180:184	arg1	SH					236:237	CH3 SH	232:237	CH3 SH	232:237	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	64	dep	gases	180:184	arg1	sulfide					195:201	hydrogen sulfide	186:201	hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)	186:208	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	64	dep	gases	180:184	arg1	S					207:207	H2 S	204:207	H2 S	204:207	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	64	dep	gases	180:184	arg1	gases					180:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases	149:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	149:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	5	65	theme	daily	1173:1177	arg1	S					1190:1190	the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production	1161:1212	S	1190:1190	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	2	66	theme	Yorkshire	303:311	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	66	theme	Yorkshire	303:311	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	5	67	theme	H2	1187:1188	arg1	S					1190:1190	the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production	1161:1212	S	1190:1190	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	2	68	theme	Landrace	292:299	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	68	theme	Landrace	292:299	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	1	69	theme	methyl	214:219	arg1	mercaptan					221:229	methyl mercaptan	214:229	methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH)	214:238	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	69	theme	methyl	214:219	arg1	SH					236:237	CH3 SH	232:237	CH3 SH	232:237	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	69	theme	methyl	214:219	arg1	gases					180:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases	149:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	149:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	7	70	theme	SO42-	1818:1822	arg1	pathway					1834:1840	the SO42- reduction pathway	1814:1840	the SO42- reduction pathway	1814:1840	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	8	71	theme	amino	2134:2138	arg1	acids					2140:2144	these two sulfur-containing amino acids	2106:2144	these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine	2106:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	8	72	theme	CH3	1925:1927	arg1	generation					1932:1941	CH3 SH generation	1925:1941	CH3 SH generation	1925:1941	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	3	73	theme	day	552:554	arg1	experiment					556:565	the 45 day experiment	545:565	the 45 day experiment	545:565	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	8	74	dep	CONCLUSION	1873:1882	arg1	showed					1896:1901	showed	1896:1901	showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine	1896:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	8	75	from	synthesis	2093:2101	arg1	intestine					2163:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	2	76	theme	basal	485:489	arg1	groups					445:450	two dietary groups	433:450	two dietary groups	433:450	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	76	theme	basal	485:489	arg1	diet					491:494	basal diet	485:494	basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w)	485:521	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	76	theme	basal	485:489	arg1	w/w					518:520	w/w	518:520	w/w	518:520	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	4	77	theme	MiSeq	949:953	arg1	procedure					955:963	the Illumina MiSeq procedure	936:963	the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	936:1122	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	7	78	theme	S	1796:1796	arg1	generation					1798:1807	H2 S generation	1793:1807	H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway	1793:1840	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	8	79	theme	pig	2153:2155	arg1	intestine					2163:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	7	80	theme	Clostridium	1556:1566	arg1	butyricum					1568:1576	Clostridium butyricum	1556:1576	Clostridium butyricum	1556:1576	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	1	81	theme	sulfur-containing	157:173	arg1	mercaptan					221:229	methyl mercaptan	214:229	methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH)	214:238	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	81	theme	sulfur-containing	157:173	arg1	sulfide					195:201	hydrogen sulfide	186:201	hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)	186:208	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	81	theme	sulfur-containing	157:173	arg1	gases					180:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases	149:184	enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	149:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	6	82	dep	increased	1352:1360	arg1	<					1365:1365	P < 0.05	1363:1370	P < 0.05	1363:1370	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	8	83	theme	degradation	1964:1974	arg1	pathways					1986:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	three methionine degradation metabolic pathways	1947:1993	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	7	84	theme	Bifidobacterium	1536:1550	arg1	growth					1477:1482	The growth	1473:1482	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum	1473:1576	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	6	85	theme	large	1308:1312	arg1	content					1325:1331	the large intestinal content	1304:1331	the large intestinal content	1304:1331	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	1	86	theme	gases	180:184	arg1	mitigation					135:144	the mitigation	131:144	the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs	131:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	2	87	theme	basal	460:464	arg1	control					472:478	control	472:478	control	472:478	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	87	theme	basal	460:464	arg1	diet					466:469	basal diet	460:469	basal diet (control)	460:479	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	87	theme	basal	460:464	arg1	groups					445:450	two dietary groups	433:450	two dietary groups	433:450	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	3	88	theme	fatty	603:607	arg1	concentration					620:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration	594:632	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	8	89	theme	H2	1999:2000	arg1	generation					2004:2013	H2 S generation	1999:2013	H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	1999:2062	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	8	90	theme	large	2157:2161	arg1	intestine					2163:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	the pig large intestine	2149:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	6	91	theme	inulin	1378:1383	arg1	treatment					1385:1393	inulin treatment	1378:1393	inulin treatment	1378:1393	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	7	92	theme	inulin-supplemented	1734:1752	arg1	pigs					1754:1757	the inulin-supplemented pigs	1730:1757	the inulin-supplemented pigs	1730:1757	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	8	93	from	intestine	2163:2171	arg1	synthesis					2093:2101	increased synthesis	2083:2101	increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine	2083:2171	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	1	94	from	mitigation	135:144	arg1	pigs					243:246	pigs	243:246	pigs	243:246	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	4	95	from	differences	892:902	arg1	composition					919:929	biochemical composition	907:929	biochemical composition	907:929	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	4	95	from	differences	892:902	arg1	procedure					955:963	the Illumina MiSeq procedure	936:963	the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	936:1122	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	7	96	theme	SRB	1868:1870	arg1	growth					1858:1863	the growth	1854:1863	the growth of SRB	1854:1870	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	0	97	theme	sulfur-containing	53:69	arg1	odor					71:74	enteric sulfur-containing odor	45:74	enteric sulfur-containing odor	45:74	Efficacy and role of inulin in mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor in pigs.
27664398	1	98	theme	inulin	121:126	arg1	role					113:116	role	113:116	role	113:116	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	1	98	theme	inulin	121:126	arg1	efficacy					100:107	efficacy	100:107	efficacy	100:107	BACKGROUND The efficacy and role of inulin in the mitigation of enteric sulfur-containing odor gases hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3 SH) in pigs were examined in this study.
27664398	3	99	theme	sulfate-reducing	689:704	arg1	bacteria					706:713	sulfate-reducing bacteria	689:713	sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)	689:719	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	3	99	theme	sulfate-reducing	689:704	arg1	SRB					716:718	SRB	716:718	SRB	716:718	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	8	100	theme	degradation	2033:2043	arg1	pathways					2055:2062	two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	2020:2062	two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways	2020:2062	CONCLUSION The results showed that inulin mitigates CH3 SH generation via three methionine degradation metabolic pathways and H2 S generation from two cysteine degradation metabolic pathways, thus resulting in increased synthesis of these two sulfur-containing amino acids in the pig large intestine.
27664398	4	101	theme	bacterial	995:1003	arg1	components					1005:1014	bacterial components	995:1014	bacterial components	995:1014	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	3	102	theme	radical	643:649	arg1	concentration					660:672	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration	635:672	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	4	103	theme	intestine	1053:1061	arg1	parts					1034:1038	the different parts	1020:1038	the different parts of the large intestine	1020:1061	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	7	104	theme	large	1702:1706	arg1	content					1719:1725	the large intestinal content	1698:1725	the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs	1698:1757	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	6	105	theme	mRNA	1435:1438	arg1	expression					1440:1449	MGL mRNA expression	1431:1449	MGL mRNA expression	1431:1449	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	4	106	dep	groups	1117:1122	arg1	control					1108:1114	control	1108:1114	control	1108:1114	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	2	107	theme	dietary	437:443	arg1	diet					466:469	basal diet	460:469	basal diet (control)	460:479	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	107	theme	dietary	437:443	arg1	diet					491:494	basal diet	485:494	basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w)	485:521	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	107	theme	dietary	437:443	arg1	groups					445:450	two dietary groups	433:450	two dietary groups	433:450	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	4	108	theme	inulin-supplemented	1071:1089	arg1	groups					1117:1122	inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	1071:1122	inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	1071:1122	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	7	109	theme	H2	1793:1794	arg1	generation					1798:1807	H2 S generation	1793:1807	H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway	1793:1840	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	6	110	theme	valerate	1404:1411	arg1	concentration					1413:1425	valerate concentration	1404:1425	valerate concentration	1404:1425	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	4	111	used	used	876:879	arg2	analysis					863:870	Metabonomic analysis	851:870	Metabonomic analysis	851:870	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	3	112	theme	methionine	739:748	arg1	gene					768:771	methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	739:771	methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene	739:771	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	2	113	theme	male	313:316	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	113	theme	male	313:316	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	114	theme	1.9	340:342	arg1	±					338:338	±	338:338	±	338:338	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	115	theme	respiration	385:395	arg1	chambers					397:404	open-circuit respiration chambers	372:404	open-circuit respiration chambers	372:404	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	116	theme	60.7	333:336	arg1	±					338:338	±	338:338	±	338:338	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	4	117	theme	inulin-free	1095:1105	arg1	groups					1117:1122	inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	1071:1122	inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups	1071:1122	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	5	118	theme	CH3	1196:1198	arg1	production					1203:1212	the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production	1161:1212	production	1203:1212	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	6	119	theme	butyrate	1292:1299	arg1	concentrations					1250:1263	The concentrations	1246:1263	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content	1246:1331	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	6	120	from	concentrations	1250:1263	arg1	content					1325:1331	the large intestinal content	1304:1331	the large intestinal content	1304:1331	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	7	121	theme	dominant	1627:1634	arg1	Desulfovibrio					1608:1620	Desulfovibrio	1608:1620	Desulfovibrio	1608:1620	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	7	121	theme	dominant	1627:1634	arg1	SRB					1636:1638	the dominant SRB	1623:1638	the dominant SRB	1623:1638	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	5	122	theme	average	1165:1171	arg1	S					1190:1190	the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production	1161:1212	S	1190:1190	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	6	123	theme	propionate	1277:1286	arg1	concentrations					1250:1263	The concentrations	1246:1263	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content	1246:1331	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
27664398	7	124	theme	reduction	1824:1832	arg1	pathway					1834:1840	the SO42- reduction pathway	1814:1840	the SO42- reduction pathway	1814:1840	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	7	125	from	pathway	1834:1840	arg1	generation					1798:1807	H2 S generation	1793:1807	H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway	1793:1840	The growth of Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Bifidobacterium and Clostridium butyricum was stimulated, while that of Desulfovibrio, the dominant SRB, was inhibited, and there was an accumulation of SO42- in the large intestinal content of the inulin-supplemented pigs, suggesting that inulin mitigates H2 S generation from the SO42- reduction pathway by reducing the growth of SRB.
27664398	4	126	from	differences	980:990	arg1	components					1005:1014	bacterial components	995:1014	bacterial components	995:1014	Metabonomic analysis was used to compare differences in biochemical composition, and the Illumina MiSeq procedure to investigate differences in bacterial components, in the different parts of the large intestine between inulin-supplemented and inulin-free (control) groups.
27664398	3	127	theme	experiment	556:565	arg1	end					538:540	the end	534:540	the end of the 45 day experiment	534:565	At the end of the 45 day experiment, pigs were slaughtered and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, sulfate radical (SO42- ) concentration, population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and expression of methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) gene were determined in contents from the caecum, colon (two segments) and rectum.
27664398	5	128	theme	enteric	1179:1185	arg1	S					1190:1190	the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production	1161:1212	S	1190:1190	RESULTS Inulin decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily enteric H2 S and CH3 SH production by 12.4 and 12.1% respectively.
27664398	2	129	theme	×	301:301	arg1	pigs					327:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs	277:330	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg)	277:346	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	2	129	theme	×	301:301	arg1	kg					344:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	60.7 ± 1.9 kg	333:345	Twelve Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire male finisher pigs (60.7 ± 1.9 kg), housed individually in open-circuit respiration chambers, were randomly assigned to two dietary groups, namely basal diet (control) and basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) inulin.
27664398	6	130	theme	acetate	1268:1274	arg1	concentrations					1250:1263	The concentrations	1246:1263	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content	1246:1331	The concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate in the large intestinal content were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with inulin treatment, whereas valerate concentration and MGL mRNA expression decreased (P < 0.05).
25804275	5	0	theme	food	705:708	arg1	diary					710:714	a 3-day food diary	697:714	a 3-day food diary	697:714	Dietary intake was assessed by using a 3-day food diary.
25804275	10	1	theme	calcium	1295:1301	arg1	intake					1303:1308	energy and calcium intake	1284:1308	intake	1303:1308	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	12	2	theme	beverage	1554:1561	arg1	Food					1545:1548	Food	1545:1548	Food	1545:1548	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	12	2	theme	beverage	1554:1561	arg1	intake					1563:1568	beverage intake	1554:1568	beverage intake	1554:1568	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	12	2	theme	beverage	1554:1561	arg1	factor					1586:1591	a modifiable factor	1573:1591	a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis	1573:1670	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	2	3	theme	Brazilian	387:395	arg1	women					397:401	156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women	351:401	women	397:401	SUBJECTS/METHODS This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women aged over 45 years.
25804275	10	4	theme	energy	1284:1289	arg1	intake					1303:1308	energy and calcium intake	1284:1308	intake	1303:1308	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	11	5	theme	foods	1408:1412	arg1	consumption					1387:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption	1363:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages	1363:1438	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	0	6	from	patterns	8:15	arg1	women					70:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women	45:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	45:92	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	6	7	theme	component	761:769	arg1	analysis					778:785	principal component factor analysis	751:785	principal component factor analysis	751:785	Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component factor analysis.
25804275	2	8	theme	osteoporotic	374:385	arg1	women					397:401	156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women	351:401	women	397:401	SUBJECTS/METHODS This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women aged over 45 years.
25804275	10	9	dep	-0.017	1251:1256	arg1	to					1248:1249	to	1248:1249	to	1248:1249	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	10	10	theme	TB	1215:1216	arg1	BMD					1218:1220	TB BMD	1215:1220	TB BMD	1215:1220	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	6	11	theme	principal	751:759	arg1	analysis					778:785	principal component factor analysis	751:785	principal component factor analysis	751:785	Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component factor analysis.
25804275	0	12	dep	study	113:117	arg1	density					34:40	bone mineral density	21:40	bone mineral density	21:40	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	0	12	dep	study	113:117	arg1	patterns					8:15	Dietary patterns	0:15	Dietary patterns	0:15	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	11	13	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1351:1361	arg1	appears					1440:1446	appears	1440:1446	appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization	1440:1542	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	11	14	theme	beverages	1430:1438	arg1	consumption					1387:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption	1363:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages	1363:1438	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	0	15	with	women	70:74	arg1	osteoporosis					81:92	osteoporosis	81:92	osteoporosis	81:92	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	1	16	theme	study	158:162	arg1	aim					146:148	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim	120:148	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study	120:162	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	7	17	theme	regression	813:822	arg1	analysis					824:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	1	18	theme	postmenopausal	258:271	arg1	women					273:277	postmenopausal women	258:277	postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	258:295	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	9	19	theme	red	997:999	arg1	meat					1001:1004	red meat	997:1004	red meat	997:1004	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	12	20	theme	individuals	1642:1652	arg1	treatment					1629:1637	the treatment	1625:1637	the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis	1625:1670	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	3	21	theme	femoral	462:468	arg1	neck					470:473	femoral neck	462:473	femoral neck	462:473	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	21	theme	femoral	462:468	arg1	spine					437:441	lumbar spine	430:441	lumbar spine	430:441	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	4	22	theme	mass	603:606	arg1	index					608:612	Body mass index	598:612	Body mass index	598:612	Body mass index and lifestyle information were also obtained.
25804275	0	23	theme	cross-sectional	97:111	arg1	study					113:117	a cross-sectional study	95:117	a cross-sectional study	95:117	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	0	24	from	density	34:40	arg1	women					70:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women	45:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	45:92	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	3	25	theme	lumbar	430:435	arg1	femur					450:454	total femur	444:454	total femur (TF)	444:459	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	25	theme	lumbar	430:435	arg1	neck					470:473	femoral neck	462:473	femoral neck	462:473	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	25	theme	lumbar	430:435	arg1	spine					437:441	lumbar spine	430:441	lumbar spine	430:441	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	7	26	theme	dietary	891:897	arg1	patterns					899:906	dietary patterns	891:906	dietary patterns	891:906	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	7	27	theme	multiple	797:804	arg1	analysis					824:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	4	28	theme	Body	598:601	arg1	index					608:612	Body mass index	598:612	Body mass index	598:612	Body mass index and lifestyle information were also obtained.
25804275	11	29	theme	caffeinated	1418:1428	arg1	beverages					1430:1438	caffeinated beverages	1418:1438	caffeinated beverages	1418:1438	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	7	30	theme	patterns	899:906	arg1	effect					881:886	the predictive effect	866:886	the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD	866:913	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	7	31	theme	linear	806:811	arg1	analysis					824:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	0	32	theme	Dietary	0:6	arg1	patterns					8:15	Dietary patterns	0:15	Dietary patterns	0:15	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	10	33	dep	%	1182:1182	arg1	to					1195:1196	to	1195:1196	to	1195:1196	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	9	34	dep	RESULTS	948:954	arg1	retained					975:982	retained	975:982	were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'	970:1087	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	1	35	with	women	273:277	arg1	osteoporosis					284:295	osteoporosis	284:295	osteoporosis	284:295	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	2	36	theme	cross-sectional	320:334	arg1	study					336:340	SUBJECTS/METHODS This cross-sectional study	298:340	SUBJECTS/METHODS This cross-sectional study	298:340	SUBJECTS/METHODS This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal and osteoporotic Brazilian women aged over 45 years.
25804275	10	37	theme	TF	1162:1163	arg1	%					1182:1182	β=-0.178; 95%	1170:1182	β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000	1170:1203	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	10	37	theme	TF	1162:1163	arg1	BMD					1165:1167	TF BMD	1162:1167	TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000)	1162:1204	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	3	38	theme	total	444:448	arg1	femur					450:454	total femur	444:454	total femur (TF)	444:459	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	38	theme	total	444:448	arg1	TF					457:458	TF	457:458	TF	457:458	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	38	theme	total	444:448	arg1	spine					437:441	lumbar spine	430:441	lumbar spine	430:441	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	0	39	theme	bone	21:24	arg1	density					34:40	bone mineral density	21:40	bone mineral density	21:40	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	6	40	theme	Dietary	717:723	arg1	patterns					725:732	Dietary patterns	717:732	Dietary patterns	717:732	Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component factor analysis.
25804275	3	41	theme	body	510:513	arg1	composition					515:525	body composition	510:525	body composition (fat and lean mass)	510:545	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	7	42	theme	Adjusted	788:795	arg1	analysis					824:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis	788:831	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	11	43	theme	excessive	1377:1385	arg1	consumption					1387:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption	1363:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages	1363:1438	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	9	44	theme	refined	1010:1016	arg1	tea					1070:1072	tea	1070:1072	tea	1070:1072	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	9	44	theme	refined	1010:1016	arg1	coffee					1059:1064	coffee	1059:1064	coffee	1059:1064	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	9	44	theme	refined	1010:1016	arg1	foods					1052:1056	'sweet foods	1045:1056	'sweet foods	1045:1056	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	9	44	theme	refined	1010:1016	arg1	dairy					1037:1041	'low-fat dairy'	1028:1042	'low-fat dairy'	1028:1042	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	9	44	theme	refined	1010:1016	arg1	cereals					1018:1024	refined cereals	1010:1024	refined cereals'	1010:1025	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	3	45	theme	composition	515:525	arg1	BMD					423:425	BMD	423:425	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass),	423:546	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	1	46	theme	dietary	207:213	arg1	patterns					215:222	dietary patterns	207:222	dietary patterns	207:222	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	3	47	theme	body	488:491	arg1	BMD					423:425	BMD	423:425	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass),	423:546	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	48	theme	total	482:486	arg1	TB					494:495	TB	494:495	TB	494:495	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	48	theme	total	482:486	arg1	body					488:491	total body	482:491	total body (TB)	482:496	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	5	49	theme	Dietary	660:666	arg1	intake					668:673	Dietary intake	660:673	Dietary intake	660:673	Dietary intake was assessed by using a 3-day food diary.
25804275	11	50	theme	negative	1459:1466	arg1	effect					1468:1473	a negative effect	1457:1473	a negative effect	1457:1473	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	0	51	theme	mineral	26:32	arg1	density					34:40	bone mineral density	21:40	bone mineral density	21:40	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	3	52	theme	spine	437:441	arg1	BMD					423:425	BMD	423:425	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass),	423:546	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	53	theme	dual-energy	564:574	arg1	absorptiometry					582:595	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	564:595	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	564:595	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	10	54	theme	postmenopausal	1330:1343	arg1	time					1345:1348	postmenopausal time	1330:1348	postmenopausal time	1330:1348	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	1	55	from	patterns	215:222	arg1	women					273:277	postmenopausal women	258:277	postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	258:295	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	10	56	theme	lean	1311:1314	arg1	mass					1316:1319	lean mass	1311:1319	lean mass	1311:1319	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	0	57	theme	Brazilian	45:53	arg1	women					70:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women	45:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	45:92	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	1	58	from	density	241:247	arg1	women					273:277	postmenopausal women	258:277	postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	258:295	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	3	59	theme	X-ray	576:580	arg1	absorptiometry					582:595	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	564:595	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	564:595	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	7	60	from	effect	881:886	arg1	BMD					911:913	BMD	911:913	BMD	911:913	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	12	61	with	individuals	1642:1652	arg1	osteoporosis					1659:1670	osteoporosis	1659:1670	osteoporosis	1659:1670	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	3	62	theme	lean	536:539	arg1	mass					541:544	lean mass	536:544	lean mass	536:544	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	1	63	theme	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES	120:140	arg1	aim					146:148	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim	120:148	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study	120:162	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	10	64	theme	sweet	1095:1099	arg1	foods					1101:1105	The 'sweet foods	1090:1105	The 'sweet foods	1090:1105	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	5	65	theme	3-day	699:703	arg1	diary					710:714	a 3-day food diary	697:714	a 3-day food diary	697:714	Dietary intake was assessed by using a 3-day food diary.
25804275	1	66	theme	The	142:144	arg1	aim					146:148	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim	120:148	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study	120:162	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	7	67	theme	predictive	870:879	arg1	effect					881:886	the predictive effect	866:886	the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD	866:913	Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on BMD.
25804275	1	68	theme	bone	228:231	arg1	density					241:247	bone mineral density	228:247	bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	228:295	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	1	68	theme	bone	228:231	arg1	BMD					250:252	BMD	250:252	BMD	250:252	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	12	69	theme	modifiable	1575:1584	arg1	Food					1545:1548	Food	1545:1548	Food	1545:1548	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	12	69	theme	modifiable	1575:1584	arg1	intake					1563:1568	beverage intake	1554:1568	beverage intake	1554:1568	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	12	69	theme	modifiable	1575:1584	arg1	factor					1586:1591	a modifiable factor	1573:1591	a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis	1573:1670	Food and beverage intake is a modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals with osteoporosis.
25804275	10	70	dep	associated	1146:1155	arg1	β=-0.320					1223:1230	β=-0.320	1223:1230	β=-0.320	1223:1230	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	9	71	theme	low-fat	1029:1035	arg1	dairy					1037:1041	'low-fat dairy'	1028:1042	'low-fat dairy'	1028:1042	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	9	71	theme	low-fat	1029:1035	arg1	cereals					1018:1024	refined cereals	1010:1024	refined cereals'	1010:1025	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	11	72	theme	concomitant	1365:1375	arg1	consumption					1387:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption	1363:1397	A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages	1363:1438	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	4	73	theme	lifestyle	618:626	arg1	information					628:638	lifestyle information	618:638	lifestyle information	618:638	Body mass index and lifestyle information were also obtained.
25804275	1	74	theme	mineral	233:239	arg1	density					241:247	bone mineral density	228:247	bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	228:295	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	1	74	theme	mineral	233:239	arg1	BMD					250:252	BMD	250:252	BMD	250:252	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
25804275	6	75	theme	factor	771:776	arg1	analysis					778:785	principal component factor analysis	751:785	principal component factor analysis	751:785	Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component factor analysis.
25804275	9	76	theme	sweet	1046:1050	arg1	foods					1052:1056	'sweet foods	1045:1056	'sweet foods	1045:1056	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	9	76	theme	sweet	1046:1050	arg1	cereals					1018:1024	refined cereals	1010:1024	refined cereals'	1010:1025	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
25804275	10	77	dep	β=-0.320	1223:1230	arg1	-0.017					1251:1256	-0.017	1251:1256	-0.017	1251:1256	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	10	77	dep	β=-0.320	1223:1230	arg1	%					1235:1235	95% CI	1233:1238	β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017	1223:1256	The 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=-0.178; 95% CI: -0.039 to -0.000) and with TB BMD (β=-0.320; 95% CI: -0.059 to -0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean mass, age and postmenopausal time.
25804275	0	78	theme	postmenopausal	55:68	arg1	women					70:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women	45:74	Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis	45:92	Dietary patterns and bone mineral density in Brazilian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a cross-sectional study.
25804275	11	79	theme	sweet	1402:1406	arg1	foods					1408:1412	sweet foods	1402:1412	sweet foods	1402:1412	CONCLUSIONS A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the skeleton already presents some demineralization.
25804275	3	80	dep	composition	515:525	arg1	mass					541:544	lean mass	536:544	lean mass	536:544	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	3	80	dep	composition	515:525	arg1	fat					528:530	fat	528:530	fat	528:530	BMD of lumbar spine, total femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition (fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
25804275	9	81	theme	healthy	986:992	arg1	meat					1001:1004	red meat	997:1004	red meat	997:1004	RESULTS Five patterns were retained: 'healthy', 'red meat and refined cereals', 'low-fat dairy', 'sweet foods, coffee and tea' and 'Western'.
28249373	0	0	theme	Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide	74:106	arg1	Composites					108:117	Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites	74:117	Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites	74:117	Synthesis, Structural, and Adsorption Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites.
28249373	7	1	theme	groups	1154:1159	arg1	presence					1131:1138	the presence	1127:1138	the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites	1127:1217	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	5	2	theme	Sr	875:876	arg1	Adsorption					861:870	Adsorption	861:870	Adsorption of Sr(II) on the composites from the aqueous solutions	861:925	Adsorption of Sr(II) on the composites from the aqueous solutions has been studied.
28249373	7	3	theme	typical	1161:1167	arg1	groups					1154:1159	functional groups	1143:1159	functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides	1143:1203	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	4	4	theme	polysaccharide	845:858	arg1	nature					833:838	the nature	829:838	the nature of a polysaccharide	829:858	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	5	5	from	solutions	917:925	arg1	composites					889:898	the composites	885:898	the composites from the aqueous solutions	885:925	Adsorption of Sr(II) on the composites from the aqueous solutions has been studied.
28249373	6	6	theme	thermal	949:955	arg1	properties					957:966	The thermal properties	945:966	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS	945:1006	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	2	7	theme	PS	527:528	arg1	ratio					530:534	a nHAp: PS ratio	519:534	a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1	519:541	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	5	8	theme	aqueous	909:915	arg1	solutions					917:925	the aqueous solutions	905:925	the aqueous solutions	905:925	Adsorption of Sr(II) on the composites from the aqueous solutions has been studied.
28249373	0	9	theme	Composites	108:117	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis, Structural, and Adsorption Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites.
28249373	0	9	theme	Composites	108:117	arg1	Properties					38:47	Structural, and Adsorption Properties	11:47	Properties	38:47	Synthesis, Structural, and Adsorption Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites.
28249373	0	9	theme	Composites	108:117	arg1	Stability					61:69	Thermal Stability	53:69	Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites	53:117	Synthesis, Structural, and Adsorption Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites.
28249373	2	10	theme	surface	580:586	arg1	area					588:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area	551:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g	551:610	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	5	11	from	Adsorption	861:870	arg1	composites					889:898	the composites	885:898	the composites from the aqueous solutions	885:925	Adsorption of Sr(II) on the composites from the aqueous solutions has been studied.
28249373	7	12	theme	functional	1143:1152	arg1	groups					1154:1159	functional groups	1143:1159	functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides	1143:1203	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	2	13	theme	nHAp	521:524	arg1	ratio					530:534	a nHAp: PS ratio	519:534	a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1	519:541	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	1	14	theme	nitrogen	371:378	arg1	adsorption-desorption					380:400	nitrogen adsorption-desorption	371:400	nitrogen adsorption-desorption	371:400	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	2	15	with	composites	503:512	arg1	ratio					530:534	a nHAp: PS ratio	519:534	a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1	519:541	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	8	16	theme	good	1395:1398	arg1	ability					1400:1406	a good ability	1393:1406	a good ability to adsorb metal ions	1393:1427	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	8	17	from	4:1	1350:1352	arg1	nHAp/PS					1339:1345	nHAp/PS	1339:1345	nHAp/PS at 4:1	1339:1352	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	4	18	with	composites	687:696	arg1	1:1					723:725	the component ratio 1:1	703:725	the component ratio 1:1	703:725	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	0	19	theme	Adsorption	27:36	arg1	Properties					38:47	Structural, and Adsorption Properties	11:47	Properties	38:47	Synthesis, Structural, and Adsorption Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites.
28249373	8	20	theme	morphological	1234:1246	arg1	characteristics					1248:1262	morphological characteristics	1234:1262	morphological characteristics	1234:1262	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	1	21	theme	natural	182:188	arg1	polysaccharides					190:204	natural polysaccharides	182:204	natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate)	182:297	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	21	theme	natural	182:188	arg1	PS					207:208	PS	207:208	PS	207:208	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	2	22	dep	82 m2/g	604:610	arg1	to					601:602	to	601:602	to	601:602	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	8	23	theme	components	1321:1330	arg1	ratio					1312:1316	the ratio	1308:1316	the ratio of components	1308:1330	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	6	24	theme	peaks	1089:1093	arg1	shift					1053:1057	a shift	1051:1057	a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks	1051:1093	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	7	25	from	presence	1131:1138	arg1	composites					1208:1217	composites	1208:1217	composites	1208:1217	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	7	26	theme	FTIR	1096:1099	arg1	data					1114:1117	FTIR spectroscopy data	1096:1117	FTIR spectroscopy data	1096:1117	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	1	27	theme	nHAp/sodium	277:287	arg1	alginate					289:296	nHAp/sodium alginate	277:296	nHAp/sodium alginate	277:296	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	27	theme	nHAp/sodium	277:287	arg1	nHAp/agar					212:220	nHAp/agar	212:220	nHAp/agar	212:220	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	6	28	theme	DTG	1085:1087	arg1	peaks					1089:1093	characteristic DSC and DTG peaks	1062:1093	peaks	1089:1093	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	9	29	theme	nHAp	1498:1501	arg1	Sr					1488:1489	Sr(II)	1488:1493	Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites	1488:1534	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites shows that it of the latter is higher than that of nHAp (per 1 m2 of surface).
28249373	4	30	dep	43 m2/g	808:814	arg1	to					805:806	to	805:806	to	805:806	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	7	31	theme	spectroscopy	1101:1112	arg1	data					1114:1117	FTIR spectroscopy data	1096:1117	FTIR spectroscopy data	1096:1117	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	2	32	theme	4:1	539:541	arg1	ratio					530:534	a nHAp: PS ratio	519:534	a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1	519:541	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	3	33	theme	size	634:637	arg1	distributions					639:651	The incremental pore size distributions	613:651	The incremental pore size distributions	613:651	The incremental pore size distributions indicate mainly mesoporosity.
28249373	4	34	theme	film-like	745:753	arg1	structure					755:763	a film-like structure	743:763	a film-like structure	743:763	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	9	35	theme	capacity	1463:1470	arg1	comparison					1434:1443	The comparison	1430:1443	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites	1430:1534	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites shows that it of the latter is higher than that of nHAp (per 1 m2 of surface).
28249373	2	36	theme	data	487:490	arg1	analysis					444:451	The analysis	440:451	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data	440:490	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	4	37	theme	component	707:715	arg1	1:1					723:725	the component ratio 1:1	703:725	the component ratio 1:1	703:725	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	6	38	theme	characteristic	1062:1075	arg1	DSC					1077:1079	characteristic DSC and DTG peaks	1062:1093	DSC	1077:1079	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	1	39	dep	polysaccharides	190:204	arg1	alginate					289:296	nHAp/sodium alginate	277:296	nHAp/sodium alginate	277:296	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	39	dep	polysaccharides	190:204	arg1	nHAp/pectin					257:267	nHAp/pectin APA103	257:274	nHAp/pectin APA103	257:274	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	39	dep	polysaccharides	190:204	arg1	nHAp/chitosan					223:235	nHAp/chitosan	223:235	nHAp/chitosan	223:235	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	39	dep	polysaccharides	190:204	arg1	FB300					250:254	nHAp/pectin FB300	238:254	nHAp/pectin FB300	238:254	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	39	dep	polysaccharides	190:204	arg1	nHAp/agar					212:220	nHAp/agar	212:220	nHAp/agar	212:220	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	9	40	theme	adsorption	1452:1461	arg1	capacity					1463:1470	the adsorption capacity	1448:1470	the adsorption capacity	1448:1470	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites shows that it of the latter is higher than that of nHAp (per 1 m2 of surface).
28249373	2	41	theme	adsorption-desorption	465:485	arg1	data					487:490	nitrogen adsorption-desorption data	456:490	nitrogen adsorption-desorption data	456:490	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	2	42	from	82 m2/g	604:610	arg1	area					588:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area	551:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g	551:610	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	8	43	contain	have	1354:1357	arg2	values					1382:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	8	43	contain	have	1354:1357	arg1	nHAp/PS					1339:1345	nHAp/PS	1339:1345	nHAp/PS at 4:1	1339:1352	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	8	43	contain	have	1354:1357	arg2	ability					1400:1406	a good ability	1393:1406	a good ability to adsorb metal ions	1393:1427	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	3	44	theme	incremental	617:627	arg1	distributions					639:651	The incremental pore size distributions	613:651	The incremental pore size distributions	613:651	The incremental pore size distributions indicate mainly mesoporosity.
28249373	2	45	theme	nitrogen	456:463	arg1	data					487:490	nitrogen adsorption-desorption data	456:490	nitrogen adsorption-desorption data	456:490	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	2	46	theme	specific	571:578	arg1	area					588:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area	551:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g	551:610	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	3	47	theme	pore	629:632	arg1	distributions					639:651	The incremental pore size distributions	613:651	The incremental pore size distributions	613:651	The incremental pore size distributions indicate mainly mesoporosity.
28249373	9	48	theme	polysaccharides	1504:1518	arg1	Sr					1488:1489	Sr(II)	1488:1493	Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites	1488:1534	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites shows that it of the latter is higher than that of nHAp (per 1 m2 of surface).
28249373	4	49	theme	ratio	717:721	arg1	1:1					723:725	the component ratio 1:1	703:725	the component ratio 1:1	703:725	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	2	50	theme	high	566:569	arg1	area					588:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area	551:591	a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g	551:610	The analysis of nitrogen adsorption-desorption data shows that composites with a nHAp: PS ratio of 4:1 exhibit a sufficiently high specific surface area from 49 to 82 m2/g.
28249373	1	51	theme	FTIR	412:415	arg1	spectroscopy					417:428	FTIR spectroscopy	412:428	FTIR spectroscopy	412:428	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	8	52	theme	S	1376:1376	arg1	values					1382:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	7	53	attach	presence	1131:1138	arg1	composites					1208:1217	composites	1208:1217	composites	1208:1217	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	7	53	attach	presence	1131:1138	arg2	polysaccharides					1189:1203	polysaccharides	1189:1203	functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides	1143:1203	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	7	53	attach	presence	1131:1138	arg2	groups					1154:1159	functional groups	1143:1159	functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides	1143:1203	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	1	54	theme	composites	132:141	arg1	series					122:127	A series	120:127	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate)	120:297	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	55	theme	liquid-phase	318:329	arg1	method					340:345	liquid-phase two-step method	318:345	liquid-phase two-step method	318:345	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	9	56	theme	surface	1605:1611	arg1	1 m2					1597:1600	1 m2	1597:1600	1 m2 of surface	1597:1611	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites shows that it of the latter is higher than that of nHAp (per 1 m2 of surface).
28249373	8	57	theme	large	1370:1374	arg1	values					1382:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	4	58	theme	S	783:783	arg1	BET					785:787	S BET	783:787	S BET	783:787	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	8	59	theme	metal	1418:1422	arg1	ions					1424:1427	metal ions	1418:1427	metal ions	1418:1427	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	9	60	theme	composites	1525:1534	arg1	Sr					1488:1489	Sr(II)	1488:1493	Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites	1488:1534	The comparison of the adsorption capacity with respect to Sr(II) of nHAp, polysaccharides, and composites shows that it of the latter is higher than that of nHAp (per 1 m2 of surface).
28249373	6	61	theme	DSC	1077:1079	arg1	shift					1053:1057	a shift	1051:1057	a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks	1051:1093	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	8	62	theme	BET	1378:1380	arg1	values					1382:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	relatively large S BET values	1359:1387	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	8	63	theme	composites	1271:1280	arg1	characteristics					1248:1262	morphological characteristics	1234:1262	morphological characteristics	1234:1262	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	8	63	theme	composites	1271:1280	arg1	Structure					1220:1228	Structure	1220:1228	Structure	1220:1228	Structure and morphological characteristics of the composites are strongly dependent on the ratio of components, since nHAp/PS at 4:1 have relatively large S BET values and a good ability to adsorb metal ions.
28249373	6	64	theme	nHAp	1030:1033	arg1	influence					1017:1025	the influence	1013:1025	the influence of nHAp	1013:1033	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	6	65	theme	polysaccharides	971:985	arg1	properties					957:966	The thermal properties	945:966	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS	945:1006	The thermal properties of polysaccharides alone and in nHAp/PS show the influence of nHAp, since there is a shift of characteristic DSC and DTG peaks.
28249373	0	66	theme	Thermal	53:59	arg1	Stability					61:69	Thermal Stability	53:69	Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites	53:117	Synthesis, Structural, and Adsorption Properties and Thermal Stability of Nanohydroxyapatite/Polysaccharide Composites.
28249373	1	67	theme	two-step	331:338	arg1	method					340:345	liquid-phase two-step method	318:345	liquid-phase two-step method	318:345	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	4	68	theme	BET	785:787	arg1	value					774:778	the value	770:778	the value of S BET	770:787	The composites with the component ratio 1:1 preferably form a film-like structure, and the value of S BET varies from 0.3 to 43 m2/g depending on the nature of a polysaccharide.
28249373	7	69	theme	polysaccharides	1189:1203	arg1	presence					1131:1138	the presence	1127:1138	the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites	1127:1217	FTIR spectroscopy data confirm the presence of functional groups typical for nHAp as well as polysaccharides in composites.
28249373	1	70	theme	nHAp/pectin	238:248	arg1	FB300					250:254	nHAp/pectin FB300	238:254	nHAp/pectin FB300	238:254	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
28249373	1	70	theme	nHAp/pectin	238:248	arg1	nHAp/agar					212:220	nHAp/agar	212:220	nHAp/agar	212:220	A series of composites based on nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and natural polysaccharides (PS) (nHAp/agar, nHAp/chitosan, nHAp/pectin FB300, nHAp/pectin APA103, nHAp/sodium alginate) was synthesized by liquid-phase two-step method and characterized using nitrogen adsorption-desorption, DSC, TG, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM.
27998032	7	0	theme	GolS	1526:1529	arg1	overexpression					1508:1521	the overexpression	1504:1521	the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol	1504:1556	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	7	0	theme	GolS	1526:1529	arg1	signal					1583:1588	a molecular signal	1571:1588	a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood	1571:1717	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	4	1	theme	lower	1030:1034	arg1	contents					1043:1050	lower lignin contents	1030:1050	lower lignin contents	1030:1050	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	1	2	from	compounds	301:309	arg1	tissues					319:325	sink tissues	314:325	sink tissues	314:325	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	3	theme	plant	408:412	arg1	species					414:420	several plant species	400:420	several plant species	400:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	3	4	attach	presence	932:939	arg1	fibres					961:966	the fibres	957:966	the fibres	957:966	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	4	attach	presence	932:939	arg2	G-layer					946:952	a G-layer	944:952	a G-layer	944:952	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	4	attach	presence	932:939	arg1	number					892:897	the number	888:897	the number of vessels	888:908	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	2	5	theme	extreme	570:576	arg1	lines					593:597	the extreme overexpressing lines	566:597	the extreme overexpressing lines	566:597	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	3	6	from	increase	876:883	arg1	fibres					961:966	the fibres	957:966	the fibres	957:966	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	6	from	increase	876:883	arg1	number					892:897	the number	888:897	the number of vessels	888:908	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	1	7	theme	transport	251:259	arg1	carbohydrates					261:273	transport carbohydrates	251:273	transport carbohydrates	251:273	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	7	theme	transport	251:259	arg1	oligosaccharides					210:225	oligosaccharides	210:225	oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	210:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	4	8	theme	altered	1111:1117	arg1	carbohydrates					1141:1153	significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates	1097:1153	significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates	1097:1153	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	4	9	from	carbohydrates	1141:1153	arg1	crystallinity					1078:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	2	10	theme	clear	536:540	arg1	effects					542:548	clear effects	536:548	clear effects on development	536:563	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	2	11	theme	wall	772:775	arg1	composition					777:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	1	12	theme	raffinose	190:198	arg1	family					200:205	the raffinose family	186:205	the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	186:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	7	13	theme	wall	1656:1659	arg1	development					1661:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	2	14	theme	secondary	757:765	arg1	composition					777:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	1	15	theme	abiotic	371:377	arg1	stress					390:395	both abiotic and biotic stress	366:395	both abiotic and biotic stress	366:395	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	4	16	theme	mannose	1184:1190	arg1	contents					1203:1210	their mannose and xylose contents	1178:1210	their mannose and xylose contents	1178:1210	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	6	17	theme	plants	1335:1340	arg1	interrogation					1303:1315	Transcriptome interrogation	1289:1315	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants	1289:1340	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	1	18	theme	biotic	383:388	arg1	stress					390:395	both abiotic and biotic stress	366:395	both abiotic and biotic stress	366:395	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	19	theme	Galactinol	117:126	arg1	synthase					128:135	Galactinol synthase	117:135	Galactinol synthase	117:135	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	19	theme	Galactinol	117:126	arg1	enzyme					150:155	a pivotal enzyme	140:155	a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	140:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	4	20	theme	xylose	1196:1201	arg1	contents					1203:1210	their mannose and xylose contents	1178:1210	their mannose and xylose contents	1178:1210	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	3	21	theme	xylem	847:851	arg1	cross-sections					814:827	Stem cross-sections	809:827	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem	809:851	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	2	22	theme	Arabidopsis	487:497	arg1	gene					524:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	6	23	theme	myo-inositol	1415:1426	arg1	synthesis					1402:1410	the synthesis	1398:1410	the synthesis of myo-inositol	1398:1426	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	4	24	from	contents	1043:1050	arg1	crystallinity					1078:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	2	25	theme	moderate	693:700	arg1	up-regulation					702:714	only moderate up-regulation	688:714	only moderate up-regulation	688:714	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	5	26	theme	xylem	1267:1271	arg1	content					1280:1286	elevated xylem starch content	1258:1286	elevated xylem starch content	1258:1286	In addition, the transgenic plants displayed elevated xylem starch content.
27998032	2	27	dep	poplar	430:435	arg1	alba × grandidentata					446:465	Populus alba × grandidentata	438:465	Populus alba × grandidentata	438:465	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	2	28	theme	AtGolS3	515:521	arg1	gene					524:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	0	29	theme	wall	88:91	arg1	growth					93:98	wall growth	88:98	wall growth	88:98	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	2	30	theme	GolS3	508:512	arg1	gene					524:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	4	31	theme	hemicellulose-derived	1119:1139	arg1	carbohydrates					1141:1153	significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates	1097:1153	significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates	1097:1153	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	2	32	theme	cell	620:623	arg1	traits					630:635	cell wall traits	620:635	cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood	620:666	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	6	33	theme	genes	1380:1384	arg1	up-regulation					1363:1375	a significant up-regulation	1349:1375	a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol	1349:1426	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	7	34	theme	tension	1706:1712	arg1	wood					1714:1717	tension wood	1706:1717	tension wood	1706:1717	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	4	35	theme	higher	1009:1014	arg1	cellulose					1016:1024	higher cellulose	1009:1024	higher cellulose	1009:1024	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	2	36	theme	wood	663:666	arg1	characteristic					637:650	characteristic	637:650	characteristic	637:650	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	0	37	theme	hybrid	30:35	arg1	poplar					37:42	hybrid poplar	30:42	hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata)	30:73	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	0	37	theme	hybrid	30:35	arg1	alba × grandidentata					53:72	Populus alba × grandidentata	45:72	Populus alba × grandidentata	45:72	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	1	38	theme	storage	293:299	arg1	oligosaccharides					210:225	oligosaccharides	210:225	oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	210:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	38	theme	storage	293:299	arg1	compounds					301:309	storage compounds	293:309	storage compounds in sink tissues	293:325	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	7	39	theme	product	1539:1545	arg1	galactinol					1547:1556	its product galactinol	1535:1556	its product galactinol	1535:1556	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	1	40	theme	oligosaccharides	210:225	arg1	family					200:205	the raffinose family	186:205	the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	186:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	41	theme	pivotal	142:148	arg1	synthase					128:135	Galactinol synthase	117:135	Galactinol synthase	117:135	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	41	theme	pivotal	142:148	arg1	enzyme					150:155	a pivotal enzyme	140:155	a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	140:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	4	42	theme	cellulose	1068:1076	arg1	crystallinity					1078:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	4	43	theme	lignin	1036:1041	arg1	contents					1043:1050	lower lignin contents	1030:1050	lower lignin contents	1030:1050	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	0	44	theme	carbon	9:14	arg1	allocation					16:25	carbon allocation	9:25	carbon allocation	9:25	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	2	45	theme	overexpressing	578:591	arg1	lines					593:597	the extreme overexpressing lines	566:597	the extreme overexpressing lines	566:597	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	2	46	from	effects	542:548	arg1	development					553:563	development	553:563	development	553:563	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	6	47	theme	Transcriptome	1289:1301	arg1	interrogation					1303:1315	Transcriptome interrogation	1289:1315	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants	1289:1340	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	2	48	theme	altered	749:755	arg1	composition					777:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	4	49	contain	possessed	999:1007	arg1	lines					993:997	AtGolS3-OE lines	982:997	AtGolS3-OE lines	982:997	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	4	49	contain	possessed	999:1007	arg2	cellulose					1016:1024	higher cellulose	1009:1024	higher cellulose	1009:1024	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	7	50	theme	cell	1651:1654	arg1	development					1661:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	2	51	theme	cell	767:770	arg1	composition					777:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	6	52	theme	significant	1351:1361	arg1	up-regulation					1363:1375	a significant up-regulation	1349:1375	a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol	1349:1426	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	1	53	theme	family	200:205	arg1	synthesis					173:181	the synthesis	169:181	the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	169:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	6	54	theme	transgenic	1324:1333	arg1	plants					1335:1340	the transgenic plants	1320:1340	the transgenic plants	1320:1340	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	4	55	from	increase	1056:1063	arg1	crystallinity					1078:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	cellulose crystallinity	1068:1090	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	3	56	theme	significant	864:874	arg1	increase					876:883	a significant increase	862:883	a significant increase in the number of vessels	862:908	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	57	theme	Stem	809:812	arg1	cross-sections					814:827	Stem cross-sections	809:827	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem	809:851	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	1	58	theme	several	400:406	arg1	species					414:420	several plant species	400:420	several plant species	400:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	7	59	theme	metabolic	1605:1613	arg1	changes					1615:1621	metabolic changes	1605:1621	metabolic changes	1605:1621	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	5	60	theme	elevated	1258:1265	arg1	content					1280:1286	elevated xylem starch content	1258:1286	elevated xylem starch content	1258:1286	In addition, the transgenic plants displayed elevated xylem starch content.
27998032	1	61	theme	sink	314:317	arg1	tissues					319:325	sink tissues	314:325	sink tissues	314:325	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	2	62	theme	characteristic	637:650	arg1	traits					630:635	cell wall traits	620:635	cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood	620:666	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	5	63	theme	starch	1273:1278	arg1	content					1280:1286	elevated xylem starch content	1258:1286	elevated xylem starch content	1258:1286	In addition, the transgenic plants displayed elevated xylem starch content.
27998032	3	64	theme	developing	836:845	arg1	xylem					847:851	the developing xylem	832:851	the developing xylem	832:851	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	7	65	from	change	1641:1646	arg1	formation					1693:1701	potentially the formation	1677:1701	potentially the formation of tension wood	1677:1717	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	7	65	from	change	1641:1646	arg1	development					1661:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	7	66	theme	molecular	1573:1581	arg1	overexpression					1508:1521	the overexpression	1504:1521	the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol	1504:1556	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	7	66	theme	molecular	1573:1581	arg1	signal					1583:1588	a molecular signal	1571:1588	a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood	1571:1717	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	2	67	theme	wall	625:628	arg1	traits					630:635	cell wall traits	620:635	cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood	620:666	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	1	68	theme	soluble	334:340	arg1	oligosaccharides					210:225	oligosaccharides	210:225	oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	210:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	1	68	theme	soluble	334:340	arg1	metabolites					342:352	soluble metabolites	334:352	soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species	334:420	Galactinol synthase is a pivotal enzyme involved in the synthesis of the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as transport carbohydrates in the phloem, as storage compounds in sink tissues and as soluble metabolites that combat both abiotic and biotic stress in several plant species.
27998032	2	69	theme	thaliana	499:506	arg1	gene					524:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	483:527	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	2	70	with	lines	677:681	arg1	up-regulation					702:714	only moderate up-regulation	688:714	only moderate up-regulation	688:714	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	0	71	dep	cell	83:86	arg1	growth					93:98	wall growth	88:98	wall growth	88:98	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	0	71	dep	cell	83:86	arg1	development					104:114	development	104:114	development	104:114	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	7	72	theme	wood	1714:1717	arg1	formation					1693:1701	potentially the formation	1677:1701	potentially the formation of tension wood	1677:1717	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	7	72	theme	wood	1714:1717	arg1	development					1661:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	cell wall development	1651:1671	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	2	73	theme	tension	655:661	arg1	wood					663:666	tension wood	655:666	tension wood	655:666	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	6	74	theme	sucrose	1458:1464	arg1	degradation					1466:1476	sucrose degradation	1458:1476	sucrose degradation	1458:1476	Transcriptome interrogation of the transgenic plants showed a significant up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of myo-inositol, along with genes involved in sucrose degradation.
27998032	3	75	theme	clear	926:930	arg1	presence					932:939	the clear presence	922:939	the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres	922:966	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	76	from	presence	932:939	arg1	fibres					961:966	the fibres	957:966	the fibres	957:966	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	76	from	presence	932:939	arg1	number					892:897	the number	888:897	the number of vessels	888:908	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	2	77	contain	had	734:736	arg2	composition					777:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	moderately altered secondary cell wall composition	738:787	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	2	77	contain	had	734:736	arg1	lines					677:681	lines	677:681	lines with only moderate up-regulation	677:714	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	2	77	contain	had	734:736	arg2	ultrastructure					793:806	ultrastructure	793:806	ultrastructure	793:806	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
27998032	0	78	theme	Populus	45:51	arg1	poplar					37:42	hybrid poplar	30:42	hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata)	30:73	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	0	78	theme	Populus	45:51	arg1	alba × grandidentata					53:72	Populus alba × grandidentata	45:72	Populus alba × grandidentata	45:72	Altering carbon allocation in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) impacts cell wall growth and development.
27998032	3	79	theme	G-layer	946:952	arg1	presence					932:939	the clear presence	922:939	the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres	922:966	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	3	79	theme	G-layer	946:952	arg1	increase					876:883	a significant increase	862:883	a significant increase in the number of vessels	862:908	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	4	80	theme	AtGolS3-OE	982:991	arg1	lines					993:997	AtGolS3-OE lines	982:997	AtGolS3-OE lines	982:997	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	4	81	link	hemicellulose-derived	1119:1139	arg1	carbohydrates					1141:1153	significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates	1097:1153	significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates	1097:1153	Furthermore, AtGolS3-OE lines possessed higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, an increase in cellulose crystallinity, and significantly altered hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates, notably manifested by their mannose and xylose contents.
27998032	7	82	theme	galactinol	1547:1556	arg1	overexpression					1508:1521	the overexpression	1504:1521	the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol	1504:1556	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	7	82	theme	galactinol	1547:1556	arg1	signal					1583:1588	a molecular signal	1571:1588	a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood	1571:1717	The results suggest that the overexpression of GolS and its product galactinol may serve as a molecular signal that initiates metabolic changes, culminating in a change in cell wall development and potentially the formation of tension wood.
27998032	5	83	theme	transgenic	1230:1239	arg1	plants					1241:1246	the transgenic plants	1226:1246	the transgenic plants	1226:1246	In addition, the transgenic plants displayed elevated xylem starch content.
27998032	3	84	theme	vessels	902:908	arg1	number					892:897	the number	888:897	the number of vessels	888:908	Stem cross-sections of the developing xylem revealed a significant increase in the number of vessels, as well as the clear presence of a G-layer in the fibres.
27998032	2	85	theme	Hybrid	423:428	arg1	poplar					430:435	Hybrid poplar	423:435	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene	423:527	Hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) overexpressing the Arabidopsis thaliana GolS3 (AtGolS3) gene showed clear effects on development; the extreme overexpressing lines were stunted and had cell wall traits characteristic of tension wood, whereas lines with only moderate up-regulation grew normally and had moderately altered secondary cell wall composition and ultrastructure.
25484335	7	0	theme	partition	1185:1193	arg1	coefficients					1195:1206	aqueous solute partition coefficients	1170:1206	aqueous solute partition coefficients	1170:1206	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	2	1	theme	fluorescent-solute	357:374	arg1	partitioning					376:387	fluorescent-solute partitioning	357:387	fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	357:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	11	2	from	partitioning	1879:1890	arg1	SCLs					1895:1898	SCLs	1895:1898	SCLs	1895:1898	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	7	3	theme	aqueous	1170:1176	arg1	coefficients					1195:1206	aqueous solute partition coefficients	1170:1206	aqueous solute partition coefficients	1170:1206	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	3	4	theme	fluorescence	570:581	arg1	microscopy					607:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	1	5	theme	lens	261:264	arg1	properties					283:292	lens physico-chemical properties	261:292	lens physico-chemical properties	261:292	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	4	6	theme	SiHy	889:892	arg1	structure					894:902	the core SiHy structure	880:902	the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®	880:920	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	10	7	theme	water	1783:1787	arg1	content					1789:1795	significantly greater water content	1761:1795	significantly greater water content	1761:1795	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	9	8	theme	surface-gel	1468:1478	arg1	anionic					1491:1497	anionic	1491:1497	anionic	1491:1497	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	9	8	theme	surface-gel	1468:1478	arg1	layers					1480:1485	the surface-gel layers	1464:1485	the surface-gel layers	1464:1485	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	3	9	theme	laser-scanning	592:605	arg1	microscopy					607:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	9	10	theme	physiologic	1502:1512	arg1	pH					1514:1515	physiologic pH 7.4	1502:1519	physiologic pH 7.4	1502:1519	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	8	11	theme	surface-layer	1328:1340	arg1	contents					1353:1360	surface-layer mass water contents	1328:1360	surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%	1328:1369	ATR-FTIR confirms surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%.
25484335	10	12	theme	DAILIES	1641:1647	arg1	TOTAL1®					1649:1655	DAILIES TOTAL1®	1641:1655	DAILIES TOTAL1®	1641:1655	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	3	13	theme	infrared	669:676	arg1	spectroscopy					678:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	622:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	622:700	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	8	14	theme	water	1347:1351	arg1	contents					1353:1360	surface-layer mass water contents	1328:1360	surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%	1328:1369	ATR-FTIR confirms surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%.
25484335	3	15	theme	total-reflectance	633:649	arg1	spectroscopy					678:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	622:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	622:700	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	1	16	theme	care-solution	129:141	arg1	agents					143:148	care-solution agents	129:148	care-solution agents	129:148	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	4	17	theme	solute	806:811	arg1	uptake					813:818	solute uptake	806:818	solute uptake	806:818	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	10	18	theme	aqueous	1801:1807	arg1	uptake					1816:1821	aqueous solute uptake	1801:1821	aqueous solute uptake	1801:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	1	19	theme	agents	143:148	arg1	Partitioning					81:92	Partitioning	81:92	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs)	81:191	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	2	20	theme	core	510:513	arg1	structure					470:478	a layered structure	460:478	a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	460:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	9	21	dep	reveal	1452:1457	arg1	whereas					1522:1528	whereas	1522:1528	whereas	1522:1528	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	8	22	theme	%	1369:1369	arg1	contents					1353:1360	surface-layer mass water contents	1328:1360	surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%	1328:1369	ATR-FTIR confirms surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%.
25484335	6	23	theme	fluorescence-intensity	1056:1077	arg1	profiles					1079:1086	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles	1049:1086	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles	1049:1086	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles clearly confirm a layered structure for the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses.
25484335	2	24	theme	SiHy	504:507	arg1	core					510:513	a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core	483:513	a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	483:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	1	25	theme	soft	166:169	arg1	SCLs					187:190	SCLs	187:190	SCLs	187:190	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	1	25	theme	soft	166:169	arg1	lenses					179:184	soft contact lenses	166:184	soft contact lenses (SCLs)	166:191	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	2	26	theme	surface-gel	539:549	arg1	layers					551:556	thin surface-gel layers	534:556	thin surface-gel layers	534:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	9	27	from	pH	1418:1419	arg1	uptake					1378:1383	Water uptake	1372:1383	Water uptake	1372:1383	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	9	27	from	pH	1418:1419	arg1	uptake					1408:1413	hydrophilic-solute uptake	1389:1413	hydrophilic-solute uptake	1389:1413	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	9	28	theme	lotrafilcon	1563:1573	arg1	B					1575:1575	lotrafilcon B	1563:1575	lotrafilcon B	1563:1575	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	9	28	theme	lotrafilcon	1563:1573	arg1	O2OPTIX™					1553:1560	O2OPTIX™	1553:1560	O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B)	1553:1576	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	11	29	theme	release	1993:1999	arg1	amounts					2001:2007	uptake and release amounts	1982:2007	uptake and release amounts	1982:2007	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	1	30	theme	aqueous	97:103	arg1	packaging					105:113	aqueous packaging	97:113	aqueous packaging	97:113	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	6	31	theme	TOTAL1®	1140:1146	arg1	lenses					1148:1153	the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses	1128:1153	the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses	1128:1153	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles clearly confirm a layered structure for the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses.
25484335	2	32	theme	layered	462:468	arg1	structure					470:478	a layered structure	460:478	a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	460:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	11	33	theme	uptake	1982:1987	arg1	amounts					2001:2007	uptake and release amounts	1982:2007	uptake and release amounts	1982:2007	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	0	34	theme	Fluorescent	0:10	arg1	characterization					32:47	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization	0:47	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact	0:71	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact lenses.
25484335	1	35	theme	physico-chemical	266:281	arg1	properties					283:292	lens physico-chemical properties	261:292	lens physico-chemical properties	261:292	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	4	36	theme	SiHy-core	825:833	arg1	lens					845:848	a SiHy-core prototype lens	823:848	a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM))	823:868	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	7	37	theme	surface	1227:1233	arg1	layers					1235:1240	the surface layers	1223:1240	the surface layers	1223:1240	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	9	38	theme	hydrophilic-solute	1389:1406	arg1	uptake					1408:1413	hydrophilic-solute uptake	1389:1413	hydrophilic-solute uptake	1389:1413	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	5	39	theme	aqueous	1017:1023	arg1	values					1028:1033	aqueous pH values	1017:1033	aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4	1017:1046	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	9	40	theme	SiHy	1539:1542	arg1	core					1544:1547	the SiHy core	1535:1547	the SiHy core	1535:1547	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	9	40	theme	SiHy	1539:1542	arg1	nonionic					1582:1589	nonionic	1582:1589	nonionic	1582:1589	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	2	41	theme	silicone-hydrogel	485:501	arg1	core					510:513	a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core	483:513	a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	483:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	10	42	theme	SiHy	1687:1690	arg1	core					1692:1695	an 80-μm-thick SiHy core	1672:1695	an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core	1672:1844	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	2	43	theme	water-gradient	425:438	arg1	SCLs					440:443	DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs	394:443	DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs	394:443	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	0	44	theme	layered	52:58	arg1	contact					65:71	layered soft contact	52:71	layered soft contact	52:71	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact lenses.
25484335	9	45	from	pH	1514:1515	arg1	anionic					1491:1497	anionic	1491:1497	anionic	1491:1497	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	9	45	from	pH	1514:1515	arg1	layers					1480:1485	the surface-gel layers	1464:1485	the surface-gel layers	1464:1485	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	10	46	theme	surface-gel	1739:1749	arg1	layers					1751:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers	1711:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake	1711:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	0	47	theme	contact	65:71	arg1	characterization					32:47	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization	0:47	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact	0:71	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact lenses.
25484335	1	48	dep	important	196:204	arg1	improving					210:218	improving	210:218	improving wear comfort	210:231	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	1	48	dep	important	196:204	arg1	characterizing					246:259	characterizing	246:259	characterizing lens physico-chemical properties	246:292	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	10	49	theme	10-μm-thick	1711:1721	arg1	layers					1751:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers	1711:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake	1711:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	5	50	theme	7.4	1044:1046	arg1	values					1028:1033	aqueous pH values	1017:1033	aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4	1017:1046	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	11	51	theme	gel	1924:1926	arg1	structure					1928:1936	gel structure	1924:1936	gel structure	1924:1936	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	3	52	theme	uptake	735:740	arg1	profiles					742:749	uptake profiles	735:749	uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes	735:789	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	2	53	theme	DAILIES	394:400	arg1	TOTAL1®					402:408	DAILIES TOTAL1®	394:408	DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs	394:443	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	2	53	theme	DAILIES	394:400	arg1	A					422:422	delefilcon A	411:422	delefilcon A	411:422	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	3	54	theme	solutes	783:789	arg1	profiles					742:749	uptake profiles	735:749	uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes	735:789	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	7	55	theme	solute	1178:1183	arg1	coefficients					1195:1206	aqueous solute partition coefficients	1170:1206	aqueous solute partition coefficients	1170:1206	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	2	56	theme	partitioning	376:387	arg1	application					342:352	application	342:352	application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	342:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	4	57	theme	DAILIESTOTAL1®	907:920	arg1	structure					894:902	the core SiHy structure	880:902	the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®	880:920	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	3	58	theme	prototypical	758:769	arg1	solutes					783:789	six prototypical fluorescent solutes	754:789	six prototypical fluorescent solutes	754:789	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	3	59	theme	Two-photon	559:568	arg1	microscopy					607:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	10	60	theme	content	1789:1795	arg1	layers					1751:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers	1711:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake	1711:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	1	61	theme	contact	171:177	arg1	SCLs					187:190	SCLs	187:190	SCLs	187:190	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	1	61	theme	contact	171:177	arg1	lenses					179:184	soft contact lenses	166:184	soft contact lenses (SCLs)	166:191	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	4	62	theme	core	884:887	arg1	structure					894:902	the core SiHy structure	880:902	the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®	880:920	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	10	63	theme	layered	1620:1626	arg1	structure					1628:1636	the layered structure	1616:1636	the layered structure	1616:1636	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	4	64	dep	O2OPTIX	857:863	arg1	i.e.					851:854	i.e.	851:854	i.e.	851:854	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	3	65	theme	confocal	583:590	arg1	microscopy					607:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy	559:616	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	3	66	dep	spectroscopy	678:689	arg1	ATR-FTIR					692:699	ATR-FTIR	692:699	ATR-FTIR	692:699	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	5	67	theme	partition	958:966	arg1	coefficients					968:979	partition coefficients	958:979	partition coefficients	958:979	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	10	68	theme	TOTAL1®	1649:1655	arg1	structure					1628:1636	the layered structure	1616:1636	the layered structure	1616:1636	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	3	69	theme	Fourier-transform	651:667	arg1	spectroscopy					678:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	622:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	622:700	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	3	70	theme	attenuated	622:631	arg1	spectroscopy					678:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	622:689	attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)	622:700	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
25484335	8	71	theme	mass	1342:1345	arg1	contents					1353:1360	surface-layer mass water contents	1328:1360	surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%	1328:1369	ATR-FTIR confirms surface-layer mass water contents of 82±3%.
25484335	11	72	theme	fluorescent-solute	1860:1877	arg1	partitioning					1879:1890	fluorescent-solute partitioning	1860:1890	fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs	1860:1898	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	5	73	theme	water	985:989	arg1	contents					991:998	water contents	985:998	water contents	985:998	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	10	74	theme	uptake	1816:1821	arg1	layers					1751:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers	1711:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake	1711:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	7	75	theme	higher	1276:1281	arg1	water					1283:1287	higher water	1276:1287	higher water	1276:1287	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	5	76	theme	surface-layer	936:948	arg1	charge					950:955	surface-layer charge	936:955	surface-layer charge	936:955	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	4	77	dep	lens	845:848	arg1	TM					865:866	TM	865:866	TM	865:866	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	4	77	dep	lens	845:848	arg1	O2OPTIX					857:863	O2OPTIX	857:863	O2OPTIX(TM)	857:867	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	6	78	theme	Solute	1049:1054	arg1	profiles					1079:1086	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles	1049:1086	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles	1049:1086	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles clearly confirm a layered structure for the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses.
25484335	7	79	theme	SiHy	1254:1257	arg1	core					1259:1262	the SiHy core	1250:1262	the SiHy core	1250:1262	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	5	80	theme	pH	1025:1026	arg1	values					1028:1033	aqueous pH values	1017:1033	aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4	1017:1046	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	10	81	theme	solute	1809:1814	arg1	uptake					1816:1821	aqueous solute uptake	1801:1821	aqueous solute uptake	1801:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	2	82	theme	thin	534:537	arg1	layers					551:556	thin surface-gel layers	534:556	thin surface-gel layers	534:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	4	83	theme	prototype	835:843	arg1	lens					845:848	a SiHy-core prototype lens	823:848	a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM))	823:868	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	2	84	theme	sandwiched	515:524	arg1	core					510:513	a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core	483:513	a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers	483:556	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	2	85	theme	delefilcon	411:420	arg1	TOTAL1®					402:408	DAILIES TOTAL1®	394:408	DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs	394:443	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	2	85	theme	delefilcon	411:420	arg1	A					422:422	delefilcon A	411:422	delefilcon A	411:422	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	0	86	theme	solute-partitioning	12:30	arg1	characterization					32:47	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization	0:47	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact	0:71	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact lenses.
25484335	9	87	theme	Water	1372:1376	arg1	uptake					1378:1383	Water uptake	1372:1383	Water uptake	1372:1383	Water uptake and hydrophilic-solute uptake at pH 4 compared with that at pH 7.4 reveal that the surface-gel layers are anionic at physiologic pH 7.4, whereas both the SiHy core and O2OPTIX™ (lotrafilcon B) are nonionic.
25484335	1	88	theme	packaging	105:113	arg1	Partitioning					81:92	Partitioning	81:92	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs)	81:191	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	6	89	theme	DAILIES	1132:1138	arg1	lenses					1148:1153	the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses	1128:1153	the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses	1128:1153	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles clearly confirm a layered structure for the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses.
25484335	11	90	from	information	1909:1919	arg1	structure					1928:1936	gel structure	1924:1936	gel structure	1924:1936	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	11	90	from	information	1909:1919	arg1	composition					1942:1952	composition	1942:1952	composition	1942:1952	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	4	91	theme	uptake	813:818	arg1	Comparison					792:801	Comparison	792:801	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM))	792:868	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	2	92	theme	TOTAL1®	402:408	arg1	SCLs					440:443	DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs	394:443	DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs	394:443	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	1	93	theme	wetting	116:122	arg1	Partitioning					81:92	Partitioning	81:92	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs)	81:191	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	10	94	theme	greater	1775:1781	arg1	content					1789:1795	significantly greater water content	1761:1795	significantly greater water content	1761:1795	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	0	95	theme	soft	60:63	arg1	contact					65:71	layered soft contact	52:71	layered soft contact	52:71	Fluorescent solute-partitioning characterization of layered soft contact lenses.
25484335	6	96	theme	layered	1106:1112	arg1	structure					1114:1122	a layered structure	1104:1122	a layered structure for the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses	1104:1153	Solute fluorescence-intensity profiles clearly confirm a layered structure for the DAILIES TOTAL1® lenses.
25484335	10	97	theme	80-μm-thick	1675:1685	arg1	core					1692:1695	an 80-μm-thick SiHy core	1672:1695	an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core	1672:1844	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	1	98	dep	lenses	179:184	arg1	out					159:161	out	159:161	out	159:161	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	10	99	theme	polyelectrolyte	1723:1737	arg1	layers					1751:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers	1711:1756	10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake	1711:1821	We successfully confirm the layered structure of DAILIES TOTAL1®, consisting of an 80-μm-thick SiHy core surrounded by 10-μm-thick polyelectrolyte surface-gel layers of significantly greater water content and aqueous solute uptake compared with the core.
25484335	11	100	dep	quantifying	1970:1980	arg1	addition					1958:1965	addition	1958:1965	addition	1958:1965	Accordingly, fluorescent-solute partitioning in SCLs provides information on gel structure and composition, in addition to quantifying uptake and release amounts and rates.
25484335	5	101	theme	4	1038:1038	arg1	values					1028:1033	aqueous pH values	1017:1033	aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4	1017:1046	To establish surface-layer charge, partition coefficients and water contents are obtained for aqueous pH values of 4 and 7.4.
25484335	2	102	theme	partitioning	326:337	arg1	features					314:321	both features	309:321	both features of partitioning	309:337	We illustrate both features of partitioning by application of fluorescent-solute partitioning into DAILIES TOTAL1® (delefilcon A) water-gradient SCLs, which exhibit a layered structure of a silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) core sandwiched between thin surface-gel layers.
25484335	4	103	from	Comparison	792:801	arg1	lens					845:848	a SiHy-core prototype lens	823:848	a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM))	823:868	Comparison of solute uptake in a SiHy-core prototype lens (i.e., O2OPTIX(TM)) validates the core SiHy structure of DAILIESTOTAL1®.
25484335	1	104	theme	wear	220:223	arg1	comfort					225:231	wear comfort	220:231	wear comfort	220:231	Partitioning of aqueous packaging, wetting, and care-solution agents into and out of soft contact lenses (SCLs) is important for improving wear comfort and also for characterizing lens physico-chemical properties.
25484335	7	105	theme	surface	1296:1302	arg1	gels					1304:1307	the surface gels	1292:1307	the surface gels	1292:1307	In all cases, aqueous solute partition coefficients are greater in the surface layers than in the SiHy core, signifying higher water in the surface gels.
25484335	3	106	theme	fluorescent	771:781	arg1	solutes					783:789	six prototypical fluorescent solutes	754:789	six prototypical fluorescent solutes	754:789	Two-photon fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy and attenuated total-reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterize the lens and assess uptake profiles of six prototypical fluorescent solutes.
26588568	5	0	from	increase	998:1005	arg1	length					1014:1019	the length	1010:1019	the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region	1010:1142	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	1	1	theme	prion	243:247	arg1	protein					249:255	a normal host cellular prion protein	220:255	a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC)	220:262	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	1	theme	prion	243:247	arg1	PrPC					258:261	PrPC	258:261	PrPC	258:261	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	3	2	theme	secondary	474:482	arg1	stability					494:502	the secondary structure stability	470:502	the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	470:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	5	3	dep	199	1056:1058	arg1	to					1053:1054	to	1053:1054	to	1053:1054	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	4	4	theme	amino	906:910	arg1	sequence					917:924	the amino acid sequence	902:924	the amino acid sequence	902:924	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	5	5	theme	loop	1034:1037	arg1	length					1014:1019	the length	1010:1019	the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region	1010:1142	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	3	6	theme	microsecond	524:534	arg1	simulations					555:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	5	7	dep	residues	1040:1047	arg1	199					1056:1058	199	1056:1058	199	1056:1058	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	6	8	theme	Continuous	1145:1154	arg1	interactions					1156:1167	Continuous interactions	1145:1167	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane	1145:1206	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	5	9	theme	larger	1078:1083	arg1	motions					1096:1102	larger rigid body motions	1078:1102	larger rigid body motions	1078:1102	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	3	10	theme	molecular	536:544	arg1	simulations					555:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	2	11	theme	Experimental	265:276	arg1	studies					278:284	Experimental studies	265:284	Experimental studies	265:284	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	5	12	theme	unfolding	950:958	arg1	process					960:966	the unfolding process	946:966	the unfolding process of PrPC	946:974	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	5	13	theme	rigid	1085:1089	arg1	motions					1096:1102	larger rigid body motions	1078:1102	larger rigid body motions	1078:1102	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	1	14	theme	Prion	72:76	arg1	diseases					78:85	Prion diseases	72:85	Prion diseases	72:85	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	14	theme	Prion	72:76	arg1	disorders					115:123	fatal neurodegenerative disorders	91:123	fatal neurodegenerative disorders	91:123	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	15	theme	protein	189:195	arg1	accumulation					157:168	the accumulation	153:168	the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC)	153:262	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	16	theme	misfolded	173:181	arg1	protein					189:195	misfolded prion protein	173:195	misfolded prion protein (PrPSc)	173:203	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	16	theme	misfolded	173:181	arg1	PrPSc					198:202	PrPSc	198:202	PrPSc	198:202	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	6	17	theme	additional	1405:1414	arg1	interactions					1416:1427	additional interactions	1405:1427	additional interactions between the N-glycans	1405:1449	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	5	18	theme	body	1091:1094	arg1	motions					1096:1102	larger rigid body motions	1078:1102	larger rigid body motions	1078:1102	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	3	19	theme	extensive	514:522	arg1	simulations					555:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	1	20	theme	prion	183:187	arg1	protein					189:195	misfolded prion protein	173:195	misfolded prion protein (PrPSc)	173:203	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	20	theme	prion	183:187	arg1	PrPSc					198:202	PrPSc	198:202	PrPSc	198:202	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	6	21	theme	membrane	1459:1466	arg1	surface					1468:1474	the membrane surface	1455:1474	the membrane surface	1455:1474	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	2	22	contain	contains	356:363	arg1	PrPSc					350:354	PrPSc	350:354	PrPSc	350:354	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	2	22	contain	contains	356:363	arg2	proportion					372:381	a high proportion	365:381	a high proportion of β-sheet	365:392	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	5	23	theme	process	960:966	arg1	initiation					932:941	This initiation	927:941	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC	927:974	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	6	24	theme	atoms	1312:1316	arg1	accessibility					1282:1294	the solvent accessibility	1270:1294	the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms	1270:1316	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	2	25	theme	high	367:370	arg1	proportion					372:381	a high proportion	365:381	a high proportion of β-sheet	365:392	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	4	26	theme	intrinsic	864:872	arg1	instability					874:884	its intrinsic instability	860:884	protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence	769:924	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	3	27	from	membrane	458:465	arg1	stability					494:502	the secondary structure stability	470:502	the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	470:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	1	28	theme	fatal	91:95	arg1	diseases					78:85	Prion diseases	72:85	Prion diseases	72:85	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	28	theme	fatal	91:95	arg1	disorders					115:123	fatal neurodegenerative disorders	91:123	fatal neurodegenerative disorders	91:123	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	4	29	theme	conformational	651:664	arg1	changes					666:672	conformational changes	651:672	conformational changes	651:672	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	4	30	theme	HB	596:597	arg1	residues					600:607	residues 173 to 194	600:618	residues 173 to 194	600:618	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	4	30	theme	HB	596:597	arg1	fragment					632:639	the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment	592:639	the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment	592:639	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	6	31	theme	secondary	1343:1351	arg1	structure					1353:1361	the secondary structure	1339:1361	the secondary structure	1339:1361	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	1	32	theme	neurodegenerative	97:113	arg1	diseases					78:85	Prion diseases	72:85	Prion diseases	72:85	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	32	theme	neurodegenerative	97:113	arg1	disorders					115:123	fatal neurodegenerative disorders	91:123	fatal neurodegenerative disorders	91:123	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	2	33	dep	enriched	307:314	arg1	whereas					342:348	whereas	342:348	whereas	342:348	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	5	34	theme	subsequent	987:996	arg1	increase					998:1005	a subsequent increase	985:1005	a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region	985:1142	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	5	35	theme	PrPC	971:974	arg1	process					960:966	the unfolding process	946:966	the unfolding process of PrPC	946:974	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	3	36	theme	N-glycosylation	434:448	arg1	membrane					458:465	the membrane	454:465	the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	454:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	3	36	theme	N-glycosylation	434:448	arg1	impact					424:429	the impact	420:429	the impact of N-glycosylation	420:448	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	0	37	theme	GPI-Anchored	38:49	arg1	Protein					63:69	GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	38:69	GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	38:69	Insight into Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein.
26588568	6	38	theme	protein	1231:1237	arg1	conformation					1239:1250	the protein conformation	1227:1250	the protein conformation	1227:1250	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	4	39	theme	C-terminal	621:630	arg1	residues					600:607	residues 173 to 194	600:618	residues 173 to 194	600:618	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	4	39	theme	C-terminal	621:630	arg1	fragment					632:639	the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment	592:639	the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment	592:639	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	4	40	theme	helix	678:682	arg1	unfolding					684:692	helix unfolding	678:692	helix unfolding	678:692	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	4	41	theme	hydrogen	834:841	arg1	bonds					843:847	protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds	769:847	bonds	843:847	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	2	42	theme	β-sheet	386:392	arg1	proportion					372:381	a high proportion	365:381	a high proportion of β-sheet	365:392	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	0	43	theme	Prion	57:61	arg1	Protein					63:69	GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	38:69	GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	38:69	Insight into Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein.
26588568	4	44	dep	194	616:618	arg1	to					613:614	to	613:614	to	613:614	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	3	45	from	impact	424:429	arg1	stability					494:502	the secondary structure stability	470:502	the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	470:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	0	46	theme	Human	51:55	arg1	Protein					63:69	GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	38:69	GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	38:69	Insight into Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein.
26588568	6	47	theme	prion	1177:1181	arg1	protein					1183:1189	prion protein	1177:1189	prion protein	1177:1189	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	4	48	theme	acid	912:915	arg1	sequence					917:924	the amino acid sequence	902:924	the amino acid sequence	902:924	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	2	49	theme	α-helical	321:329	arg1	structure					331:339	α-helical structure	321:339	α-helical structure	321:339	Experimental studies suggest that PrPC is enriched with α-helical structure, whereas PrPSc contains a high proportion of β-sheet.
26588568	4	50	theme	protein-water	805:817	arg1	bonds					843:847	protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds	769:847	bonds	843:847	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	6	51	theme	backbone	1303:1310	arg1	atoms					1312:1316	the backbone atoms	1299:1316	the backbone atoms	1299:1316	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	4	52	dep	residues	600:607	arg1	194					616:618	194	616:618	194	616:618	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	5	53	theme	HB-HC	1028:1032	arg1	residues					1040:1047	residues 195 to 199	1040:1058	residues 195 to 199	1040:1058	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	5	53	theme	HB-HC	1028:1032	arg1	loop					1034:1037	the HB-HC loop	1024:1037	the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region	1024:1142	This initiation of the unfolding process of PrPC leads to a subsequent increase in the length of the HB-HC loop (residues 195 to 199) that may trigger larger rigid body motions or further unfolding around this region.
26588568	4	54	theme	membrane	712:719	arg1	environments					721:732	membrane environments	712:732	membrane environments	712:732	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	3	55	theme	dynamics	546:553	arg1	simulations					555:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	514:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	4	56	dep	environments	721:732	arg1	absence					701:707	absence	701:707	absence	701:707	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	4	56	dep	environments	721:732	arg1	the					697:699	the	697:699	the	697:699	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	1	57	theme	normal	222:227	arg1	protein					249:255	a normal host cellular prion protein	220:255	a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC)	220:262	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	57	theme	normal	222:227	arg1	PrPC					258:261	PrPC	258:261	PrPC	258:261	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	4	58	theme	intermolecular	819:832	arg1	bonds					843:847	protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds	769:847	bonds	843:847	Our results reveal that the HB (residues 173 to 194) C-terminal fragment undergoes conformational changes and helix unfolding in the absence of membrane environments because of the competition between protein backbone intramolecular and protein-water intermolecular hydrogen bonds as well as its intrinsic instability originated from the amino acid sequence.
26588568	3	59	theme	structure	484:492	arg1	stability					494:502	the secondary structure stability	470:502	the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations	470:565	In this study, we report the impact of N-glycosylation and the membrane on the secondary structure stability utilizing extensive microsecond molecular dynamics simulations.
26588568	1	60	theme	host	229:232	arg1	protein					249:255	a normal host cellular prion protein	220:255	a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC)	220:262	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	60	theme	host	229:232	arg1	PrPC					258:261	PrPC	258:261	PrPC	258:261	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	0	61	theme	Protein	63:69	arg1	Unfolding					25:33	Early-Stage Unfolding	13:33	Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	13:69	Insight into Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein.
26588568	0	62	theme	Early-Stage	13:23	arg1	Unfolding					25:33	Early-Stage Unfolding	13:33	Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein	13:69	Insight into Early-Stage Unfolding of GPI-Anchored Human Prion Protein.
26588568	6	63	theme	solvent	1274:1280	arg1	accessibility					1282:1294	the solvent accessibility	1270:1294	the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms	1270:1316	Continuous interactions between prion protein and the membrane not only constrain the protein conformation but also decrease the solvent accessibility of the backbone atoms, thereby stabilizing the secondary structure, which is enhanced by N-glycosylation via additional interactions between the N-glycans and the membrane surface.
26588568	1	64	theme	cellular	234:241	arg1	protein					249:255	a normal host cellular prion protein	220:255	a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC)	220:262	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
26588568	1	64	theme	cellular	234:241	arg1	PrPC					258:261	PrPC	258:261	PrPC	258:261	Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders, which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) converted from a normal host cellular prion protein (PrPC).
25117226	3	0	theme	YMB-S	538:542	arg1	structures					561:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures	538:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	538:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	1	theme	terminal	174:181	arg1	motifs					166:171	glycan motifs	159:171	glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	159:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	1	theme	terminal	174:181	arg1	structures					190:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	2	2	theme	lectin-immobilized	306:323	arg1	columns					325:331	lectin-immobilized columns	306:331	lectin-immobilized columns	306:331	When these glycoconjugates are applied serially or in parallel to lectin-immobilized columns, information regarding the glycan motifs can be obtained.
25117226	3	3	theme	prostate	612:619	arg1	cancer					621:626	prostate cancer	612:626	prostate cancer	612:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	4	4	theme	enzymatic	848:856	arg1	activities					858:867	enzymatic activities	848:867	enzymatic activities	848:867	These lectin-fractionated samples are analyzed quantitatively by measuring radioactivity, antigen contents are analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzymatic activities are assessed.
25117226	3	5	theme	prostate-specific	581:597	arg1	antigen					599:605	serum prostate-specific antigen	575:605	serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	575:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	6	from	phosphatases	648:659	arg1	cancer					621:626	prostate cancer	612:626	prostate cancer	612:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	7	theme	Serial	76:81	arg1	chromatography					99:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	7	theme	Serial	76:81	arg1	technique					130:138	a convenient technique	117:138	a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	117:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	8	theme	glycan	183:188	arg1	motifs					166:171	glycan motifs	159:171	glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	159:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	8	theme	glycan	183:188	arg1	structures					190:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	9	gly	glycoproteins	205:217	arg1	glycoproteins					205:217	glycoproteins	205:217	glycoproteins	205:217	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	4	10	theme	lectin-fractionated	689:707	arg1	samples					709:715	These lectin-fractionated samples	683:715	These lectin-fractionated samples	683:715	These lectin-fractionated samples are analyzed quantitatively by measuring radioactivity, antigen contents are analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzymatic activities are assessed.
25117226	1	11	theme	lectin	83:88	arg1	chromatography					99:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	11	theme	lectin	83:88	arg1	technique					130:138	a convenient technique	117:138	a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	117:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	3	12	from	choriocarcinoma	666:680	arg1	structures					561:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures	538:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	538:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	12	from	choriocarcinoma	666:680	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	12	from	choriocarcinoma	666:680	arg1	phosphatases					648:659	serum alkaline phosphatases	633:659	serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma	633:680	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	13	theme	MUC1	492:495	arg1	structures					561:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures	538:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	538:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	13	theme	MUC1	492:495	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	13	theme	MUC1	492:495	arg1	phosphatases					648:659	serum alkaline phosphatases	633:659	serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma	633:680	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	14	theme	affinity	413:420	arg1	methods					438:444	lectin affinity chromatographic methods	406:444	lectin affinity chromatographic methods	406:444	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	15	theme	affinity	90:97	arg1	chromatography					99:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	15	theme	affinity	90:97	arg1	technique					130:138	a convenient technique	117:138	a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	117:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	3	16	theme	glycan	471:476	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	17	theme	chromatographic	422:436	arg1	methods					438:444	lectin affinity chromatographic methods	406:444	lectin affinity chromatographic methods	406:444	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	4	18	theme	immunosorbent	823:835	arg1	assay					837:841	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	809:841	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	809:841	These lectin-fractionated samples are analyzed quantitatively by measuring radioactivity, antigen contents are analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzymatic activities are assessed.
25117226	0	19	theme	motifs	24:29	arg1	Determination					0:12	Determination	0:12	Determination of glycan motifs	0:29	Determination of glycan motifs using serial lectin affinity chromatography.
25117226	3	20	theme	antigen	599:605	arg1	structures					561:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures	538:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	538:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	20	theme	antigen	599:605	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	20	theme	antigen	599:605	arg1	phosphatases					648:659	serum alkaline phosphatases	633:659	serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma	633:680	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	21	theme	glycoproteins	205:217	arg1	motifs					166:171	glycan motifs	159:171	glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	159:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	21	theme	glycoproteins	205:217	arg1	structures					190:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	0	22	theme	glycan	17:22	arg1	motifs					24:29	glycan motifs	17:29	glycan motifs	17:29	Determination of glycan motifs using serial lectin affinity chromatography.
25117226	4	23	theme	antigen	773:779	arg1	contents					781:788	antigen contents	773:788	antigen contents	773:788	These lectin-fractionated samples are analyzed quantitatively by measuring radioactivity, antigen contents are analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzymatic activities are assessed.
25117226	3	24	theme	breast	513:518	arg1	line					532:535	a breast cancer cell line	511:535	a breast cancer cell line	511:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	0	25	theme	serial	37:42	arg1	chromatography					60:73	serial lectin affinity chromatography	37:73	serial lectin affinity chromatography	37:73	Determination of glycan motifs using serial lectin affinity chromatography.
25117226	3	26	dep	YMB-S	538:542	arg1	N-linked					545:552	N-linked	545:552	N-linked	545:552	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	27	theme	serum	633:637	arg1	phosphatases					648:659	serum alkaline phosphatases	633:659	serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma	633:680	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	28	theme	released	222:229	arg1	glycans					231:237	released glycans	222:237	released glycans	222:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	3	29	theme	O-linked	462:469	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	30	theme	alkaline	639:646	arg1	phosphatases					648:659	serum alkaline phosphatases	633:659	serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma	633:680	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	31	theme	glycans	231:237	arg1	motifs					166:171	glycan motifs	159:171	glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	159:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	31	theme	glycans	231:237	arg1	structures					190:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	0	32	theme	affinity	51:58	arg1	chromatography					60:73	serial lectin affinity chromatography	37:73	serial lectin affinity chromatography	37:73	Determination of glycan motifs using serial lectin affinity chromatography.
25117226	1	33	theme	convenient	119:128	arg1	chromatography					99:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography	76:112	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	33	theme	convenient	119:128	arg1	technique					130:138	a convenient technique	117:138	a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	117:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	0	34	theme	lectin	44:49	arg1	chromatography					60:73	serial lectin affinity chromatography	37:73	serial lectin affinity chromatography	37:73	Determination of glycan motifs using serial lectin affinity chromatography.
25117226	3	35	link	O-linked	462:469	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	4	36	theme	enzyme-linked	809:821	arg1	assay					837:841	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	809:841	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	809:841	These lectin-fractionated samples are analyzed quantitatively by measuring radioactivity, antigen contents are analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzymatic activities are assessed.
25117226	4	37	link	enzyme-linked	809:821	arg1	assay					837:841	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	809:841	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	809:841	These lectin-fractionated samples are analyzed quantitatively by measuring radioactivity, antigen contents are analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and enzymatic activities are assessed.
25117226	2	38	theme	glycan	360:365	arg1	motifs					367:372	the glycan motifs	356:372	the glycan motifs	356:372	When these glycoconjugates are applied serially or in parallel to lectin-immobilized columns, information regarding the glycan motifs can be obtained.
25117226	3	39	theme	serum	575:579	arg1	antigen					599:605	serum prostate-specific antigen	575:605	serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	575:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	40	theme	cell	527:530	arg1	line					532:535	a breast cancer cell line	511:535	a breast cancer cell line	511:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	41	theme	cancer	520:525	arg1	line					532:535	a breast cancer cell line	511:535	a breast cancer cell line	511:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	42	from	structures	478:487	arg1	cancer					621:626	prostate cancer	612:626	prostate cancer	612:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	1	43	theme	glycan	159:164	arg1	motifs					166:171	glycan motifs	159:171	glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans	159:237	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	1	43	theme	glycan	159:164	arg1	structures					190:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	terminal glycan structures	174:199	Serial lectin affinity chromatography is a convenient technique for characterizing glycan motifs (terminal glycan structures) of glycoproteins or released glycans.
25117226	3	44	from	cancer	621:626	arg1	structures					561:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures	538:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	538:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	44	from	cancer	621:626	arg1	phosphatases					648:659	serum alkaline phosphatases	633:659	serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma	633:680	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	44	from	cancer	621:626	arg1	structures					478:487	O-linked glycan structures	462:487	O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line	462:535	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	44	from	cancer	621:626	arg1	antigen					599:605	serum prostate-specific antigen	575:605	serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	575:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	45	theme	lectin	406:411	arg1	methods					438:444	lectin affinity chromatographic methods	406:444	lectin affinity chromatographic methods	406:444	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	46	theme	glycan	554:559	arg1	structures					561:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures	538:570	YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer	538:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
25117226	3	47	from	structures	561:570	arg1	cancer					621:626	prostate cancer	612:626	prostate cancer	612:626	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
27721010	6	0	theme	cell	909:912	arg1	growth					914:919	cell growth	909:919	cell growth	909:919	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	1	theme	Particle	1082:1089	arg1	Tracking					1091:1098	Particle Tracking	1082:1098	Particle Tracking Microrheology	1082:1112	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	17	2	theme	functional	2443:2452	arg1	changes					2472:2478	functional and morphological changes	2443:2478	functional and morphological changes	2443:2478	For this reason, to better replicate the tumor physiology in vitro that include functional and morphological changes, a novel 3D cancer model is proposed.
27721010	17	3	theme	morphological	2458:2470	arg1	changes					2472:2478	functional and morphological changes	2443:2478	functional and morphological changes	2443:2478	For this reason, to better replicate the tumor physiology in vitro that include functional and morphological changes, a novel 3D cancer model is proposed.
27721010	11	4	theme	cancer-activated	1784:1799	arg1	stroma					1801:1806	normal and cancer-activated stroma	1773:1806	normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues	1773:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	16	5	theme	tumor	2338:2342	arg1	remodeling					2351:2360	the tumor stroma remodeling	2334:2360	the tumor stroma remodeling	2334:2360	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	6	6	theme	models	890:895	arg1	properties					868:877	the biophysical properties	852:877	the biophysical properties of both 3D models	852:895	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	11	7	theme	normal	1773:1778	arg1	stroma					1801:1806	normal and cancer-activated stroma	1773:1806	normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues	1773:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	2	8	theme	normal	270:275	arg1	NF					290:291	NF	290:291	NF	290:291	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	2	8	theme	normal	270:275	arg1	fibroblasts					277:287	normal fibroblasts	270:287	normal fibroblasts (NF)	270:292	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	6	9	theme	metabolic	922:930	arg1	activity					932:939	metabolic activity	922:939	metabolic activity	922:939	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	3	10	theme	aggregation	514:524	arg1	technique					526:534	the traditional cell aggregation technique	493:534	the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins	493:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	2	11	theme	cancer-activated	297:312	arg1	CAF					327:329	CAF	327:329	CAF	327:329	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	2	11	theme	cancer-activated	297:312	arg1	fibroblasts					314:324	cancer-activated fibroblasts	297:324	cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF)	297:330	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	6	12	theme	composition	954:964	arg1	terms					900:904	terms	900:904	terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology)	900:1113	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	8	13	theme	marked	1297:1302	arg1	differences					1304:1314	marked differences	1297:1314	marked differences	1297:1314	In contrast, normal-microtissues and cancer-activated-microtissues displayed marked differences.
27721010	16	14	theme	Current	2252:2258	arg1	models					2269:2274	Current in vitro models	2252:2274	Current in vitro models	2252:2274	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	16	15	theme	stroma	2344:2349	arg1	remodeling					2351:2360	the tumor stroma remodeling	2334:2360	the tumor stroma remodeling	2334:2360	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	6	16	theme	texture	942:948	arg1	terms					900:904	terms	900:904	terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology)	900:1113	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	9	17	dep	collagen	1481:1488	arg1	fibronectin					1490:1500	fibronectin	1490:1500	fibronectin	1490:1500	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	3	18	theme	cell	582:585	arg1	density					587:593	high cell density	577:593	high cell density	577:593	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	6	19	theme	activity	932:939	arg1	terms					900:904	terms	900:904	terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology)	900:1113	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	4	20	theme	gelatin	699:705	arg1	microscaffolds					707:720	porous gelatin microscaffolds	692:720	porous gelatin microscaffolds	692:720	The microtissues were obtained by culturing cells into porous gelatin microscaffolds.
27721010	11	21	theme	stromal	1866:1872	arg1	element					1874:1880	the stromal element	1862:1880	the stromal element of the tumor tissues	1862:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	13	22	theme	pathologic	2044:2053	arg1	progression					2055:2065	pathologic progression	2044:2065	pathologic progression	2044:2065	Tumor models serve as biological equivalent to study pathologic progression and to screen or validate the drugs efficacy.
27721010	0	23	theme	cell	32:35	arg1	microenvironment					49:64	a cell instructive microenvironment	30:64	a cell instructive microenvironment	30:64	3D is not enough: Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues.
27721010	11	24	theme	tumor	1889:1893	arg1	tissues					1895:1901	the tumor tissues	1885:1901	the tumor tissues	1885:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	1	25	with	functionalities	203:217	arg1	aim					153:155	the aim to replicate in vitro the composition	149:193	the aim to replicate in vitro the composition	149:193	We fabricated three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment.
27721010	9	26	theme	higher	1344:1349	arg1	rate					1365:1368	higher proliferation rate	1344:1368	higher proliferation rate	1344:1368	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	6	27	theme	matrix	987:992	arg1	activity					932:939	metabolic activity	922:939	metabolic activity	922:939	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	27	theme	matrix	987:992	arg1	composition					954:964	composition	954:964	composition	954:964	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	27	theme	matrix	987:992	arg1	texture					942:948	texture	942:948	texture	942:948	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	27	theme	matrix	987:992	arg1	growth					914:919	cell growth	909:919	cell growth	909:919	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	13	28	theme	biological	2013:2022	arg1	equivalent					2024:2033	biological equivalent	2013:2033	biological equivalent	2013:2033	Tumor models serve as biological equivalent to study pathologic progression and to screen or validate the drugs efficacy.
27721010	0	29	theme	tumoral	70:76	arg1	microtissues					85:96	tumoral stroma microtissues	70:96	tumoral stroma microtissues	70:96	3D is not enough: Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues.
27721010	16	30	dep	spheroids	2282:2290	arg1	i.e.					2277:2280	i.e.	2277:2280	i.e.	2277:2280	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	9	31	theme	superior	1371:1378	arg1	capability					1392:1401	superior contraction capability	1371:1401	superior contraction capability	1371:1401	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	1	32	with	microtissues	131:142	arg1	aim					153:155	the aim to replicate in vitro the composition	149:193	the aim to replicate in vitro the composition	149:193	We fabricated three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment.
27721010	6	33	theme	properties	1066:1075	arg1	activity					932:939	metabolic activity	922:939	metabolic activity	922:939	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	33	theme	properties	1066:1075	arg1	composition					954:964	composition	954:964	composition	954:964	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	33	theme	properties	1066:1075	arg1	texture					942:948	texture	942:948	texture	942:948	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	6	33	theme	properties	1066:1075	arg1	growth					914:919	cell growth	909:919	cell growth	909:919	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	13	34	theme	Tumor	1991:1995	arg1	models					1997:2002	Tumor models	1991:2002	Tumor models	1991:2002	Tumor models serve as biological equivalent to study pathologic progression and to screen or validate the drugs efficacy.
27721010	5	35	theme	fibronectin	803:813	arg1	network					782:788	an intricate network	769:788	an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	769:833	In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	2	36	dep	produced	419:426	arg1	microtissues					443:454	microtissues	443:454	microtissues	443:454	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	2	36	dep	produced	419:426	arg1	spheroids					429:437	spheroids	429:437	spheroids	429:437	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	14	37	theme	Tumor	2113:2117	arg1	tissue					2119:2124	Tumor tissue	2113:2124	Tumor tissue	2113:2124	Tumor tissue is composed by malignant cells surviving in a microenvironment, or stroma.
27721010	6	38	theme	cell	1050:1053	arg1	properties					1066:1075	cell mechanical properties	1050:1075	cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology)	1050:1113	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	16	39	dep	in	2260:2261	arg1	vitro					2263:2267	vitro	2263:2267	vitro	2263:2267	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	10	40	theme	network	1595:1601	arg1	architecture					1603:1614	the collagen network architecture	1582:1614	the collagen network architecture	1582:1614	At last, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture.
27721010	5	41	theme	hyaluronic	819:828	arg1	acid					830:833	hyaluronic acid	819:833	hyaluronic acid	819:833	In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	42	theme	different	1404:1412	arg1	properties					1432:1441	different micro-rheological properties	1404:1441	different micro-rheological properties	1404:1441	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	43	from	acid	1517:1520	arg1	richer					1471:1476	richer	1471:1476	richer	1471:1476	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	17	44	theme	3D	2489:2490	arg1	model					2499:2503	a novel 3D cancer model	2481:2503	a novel 3D cancer model	2481:2503	For this reason, to better replicate the tumor physiology in vitro that include functional and morphological changes, a novel 3D cancer model is proposed.
27721010	11	45	theme	suitable	1828:1835	arg1	system					1837:1842	a more suitable system	1821:1842	a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues	1821:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	7	46	theme	biophysical	1144:1154	arg1	properties					1156:1165	such biophysical properties	1139:1165	such biophysical properties	1139:1165	In the spheroid models such biophysical properties remained unchanged regardless to the cell type used.
27721010	6	47	theme	biophysical	856:866	arg1	properties					868:877	the biophysical properties	852:877	the biophysical properties of both 3D models	852:895	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	15	48	theme	cancer	2232:2237	arg1	progression					2239:2249	cancer progression	2232:2249	cancer progression	2232:2249	Stroma plays a pivotal role in cancer progression.
27721010	6	49	theme	multiphoton	1025:1035	arg1	imaging					1037:1043	multiphoton imaging	1025:1043	multiphoton imaging	1025:1043	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	3	50	theme	extracellular	613:625	arg1	proteins					627:634	extracellular proteins	613:634	extracellular proteins	613:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	5	51	theme	collagen	793:800	arg1	network					782:788	an intricate network	769:788	an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	769:833	In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	52	from	collagen	1481:1488	arg1	richer					1471:1476	richer	1471:1476	richer	1471:1476	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	53	from	richer	1471:1476	arg1	collagen					1481:1488	collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	1481:1520	collagen	1481:1488	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	53	from	richer	1471:1476	arg1	acid					1517:1520	hyaluronic acid	1506:1520	hyaluronic acid	1506:1520	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	2	54	theme	dimensional	355:365	arg1	configurations					372:385	two different three dimensional (3D) configurations	335:385	two different three dimensional (3D) configurations	335:385	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	1	55	theme	tumor	226:230	arg1	microenvironment					232:247	the tumor microenvironment	222:247	the tumor microenvironment	222:247	We fabricated three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment.
27721010	6	56	theme	growth	914:919	arg1	terms					900:904	terms	900:904	terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology)	900:1113	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	12	57	theme	SIGNIFICANCE	1917:1928	arg1	STATEMENT					1904:1912	STATEMENT	1904:1912	STATEMENT	1904:1912	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This work concerns the engineering of tumor tissue in vitro.
27721010	6	58	theme	Tracking	1091:1098	arg1	Microrheology					1100:1112	Particle Tracking Microrheology	1082:1112	Particle Tracking Microrheology	1082:1112	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	2	59	theme	different	339:347	arg1	configurations					372:385	two different three dimensional (3D) configurations	335:385	two different three dimensional (3D) configurations	335:385	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	9	60	theme	hyaluronic	1506:1515	arg1	acid					1517:1520	hyaluronic acid	1506:1520	hyaluronic acid	1506:1520	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	16	61	theme	related	2323:2329	arg1	phenomena					2313:2321	the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment. By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues. Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins. The microtissues were obtained by culturing cells into porous gelatin microscaffolds. In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid. We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology). In the spheroid models such biophysical properties remained unchanged regardless to the cell type used. In contrast, normal-microtissues and cancer-activated-microtissues displayed marked differences. CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid. At last, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture. Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This work concerns the engineering of tumor tissue in vitro. Tumor models serve as biological equivalent to study pathologic progression and to screen or validate the drugs efficacy. Tumor tissue is composed by malignant cells surviving in a microenvironment, or stroma. Stroma plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena	179:2321	the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment. By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues. Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins. The microtissues were obtained by culturing cells into porous gelatin microscaffolds. In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid. We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology). In the spheroid models such biophysical properties remained unchanged regardless to the cell type used. In contrast, normal-microtissues and cancer-activated-microtissues displayed marked differences. CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid. At last, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture. Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This work concerns the engineering of tumor tissue in vitro. Tumor models serve as biological equivalent to study pathologic progression and to screen or validate the drugs efficacy. Tumor tissue is composed by malignant cells surviving in a microenvironment, or stroma. Stroma plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling	179:2360	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	13	62	theme	drugs	2097:2101	arg1	efficacy					2103:2110	the drugs efficacy	2093:2110	the drugs efficacy	2093:2110	Tumor models serve as biological equivalent to study pathologic progression and to screen or validate the drugs efficacy.
27721010	3	63	theme	cell	509:512	arg1	technique					526:534	the traditional cell aggregation technique	493:534	the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins	493:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	6	64	theme	3D	887:888	arg1	models					890:895	both 3D models	882:895	both 3D models	882:895	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	11	65	theme	cell	1673:1676	arg1	spheroids					1678:1686	cell spheroids	1673:1686	cell spheroids	1673:1686	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	3	66	theme	3D	551:552	arg1	model					554:558	a 3D model	549:558	a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins	549:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	16	67	theme	in	2260:2261	arg1	models					2269:2274	Current in vitro models	2252:2274	Current in vitro models	2252:2274	Current in vitro models, i.e. spheroids, can't replicate the phenomena related to the tumor stroma remodeling.
27721010	5	68	theme	acid	830:833	arg1	network					782:788	an intricate network	769:788	an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	769:833	In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	3	69	theme	high	577:580	arg1	density					587:593	high cell density	577:593	high cell density	577:593	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	7	70	theme	cell	1204:1207	arg1	type					1209:1212	the cell type	1200:1212	the cell type used	1200:1217	In the spheroid models such biophysical properties remained unchanged regardless to the cell type used.
27721010	10	71	from	differences	1567:1577	arg1	architecture					1603:1614	the collagen network architecture	1582:1614	the collagen network architecture	1582:1614	At last, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture.
27721010	4	72	theme	porous	692:697	arg1	microscaffolds					707:720	porous gelatin microscaffolds	692:720	porous gelatin microscaffolds	692:720	The microtissues were obtained by culturing cells into porous gelatin microscaffolds.
27721010	3	73	theme	low	599:601	arg1	proteins					627:634	extracellular proteins	613:634	extracellular proteins	613:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	3	73	theme	low	599:601	arg1	amount					603:608	low amount	599:608	low amount	599:608	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	1	74	theme	three-dimensional	113:129	arg1	microtissues					131:142	three-dimensional microtissues	113:142	three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition	113:193	We fabricated three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment.
27721010	17	75	theme	tumor	2404:2408	arg1	physiology					2410:2419	the tumor physiology	2400:2419	the tumor physiology	2400:2419	For this reason, to better replicate the tumor physiology in vitro that include functional and morphological changes, a novel 3D cancer model is proposed.
27721010	0	76	theme	instructive	37:47	arg1	microenvironment					49:64	a cell instructive microenvironment	30:64	a cell instructive microenvironment	30:64	3D is not enough: Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues.
27721010	6	77	theme	histological	999:1010	arg1	analysis					1012:1019	histological analysis	999:1019	histological analysis	999:1019	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	12	78	theme	tumor	1968:1972	arg1	tissue					1974:1979	tumor tissue	1968:1979	tumor tissue	1968:1979	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This work concerns the engineering of tumor tissue in vitro.
27721010	5	79	theme	intricate	772:780	arg1	network					782:788	an intricate network	769:788	an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	769:833	In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	11	80	theme	tissues	1895:1901	arg1	element					1874:1880	the stromal element	1862:1880	the stromal element of the tumor tissues	1862:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	0	81	theme	stroma	78:83	arg1	microtissues					85:96	tumoral stroma microtissues	70:96	tumoral stroma microtissues	70:96	3D is not enough: Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues.
27721010	9	82	theme	proliferation	1351:1363	arg1	rate					1365:1368	higher proliferation rate	1344:1368	higher proliferation rate	1344:1368	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	14	83	theme	malignant	2141:2149	arg1	cells					2151:2155	malignant cells	2141:2155	malignant cells surviving in a microenvironment, or stroma	2141:2198	Tumor tissue is composed by malignant cells surviving in a microenvironment, or stroma.
27721010	6	84	theme	extracellular	973:985	arg1	matrix					987:992	the extracellular matrix	969:992	the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging)	969:1044	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	5	85	theme	latter	731:736	arg1	configuration					738:750	this latter configuration	726:750	this latter configuration	726:750	In this latter configuration, cells assembled an intricate network of collagen, fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	86	contain	possessed	1334:1342	arg2	properties					1432:1441	different micro-rheological properties	1404:1441	different micro-rheological properties	1404:1441	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	86	contain	possessed	1334:1342	arg2	matrix					1464:1469	an extracellular matrix	1447:1469	an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	1447:1520	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	86	contain	possessed	1334:1342	arg1	CAF-microtissues					1317:1332	CAF-microtissues	1317:1332	CAF-microtissues	1317:1332	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	86	contain	possessed	1334:1342	arg2	rate					1365:1368	higher proliferation rate	1344:1368	higher proliferation rate	1344:1368	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	86	contain	possessed	1334:1342	arg2	capability					1392:1401	superior contraction capability	1371:1401	superior contraction capability	1371:1401	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	9	87	theme	contraction	1380:1390	arg1	capability					1392:1401	superior contraction capability	1371:1401	superior contraction capability	1371:1401	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	6	88	theme	mechanical	1055:1064	arg1	properties					1066:1075	cell mechanical properties	1050:1075	cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology)	1050:1113	We investigated the biophysical properties of both 3D models in terms of cell growth, metabolic activity, texture and composition of the extracellular matrix (via histological analysis and multiphoton imaging) and cell mechanical properties (via Particle Tracking Microrheology).
27721010	10	89	theme	multiphoton	1532:1542	arg1	investigation					1544:1556	multiphoton investigation	1532:1556	multiphoton investigation	1532:1556	At last, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture.
27721010	2	90	theme	micromodules	401:412	arg1	kinds					392:396	two kinds	388:396	two kinds of micromodules	388:412	By arranging either normal fibroblasts (NF) or cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAF) in two different three dimensional (3D) configurations, two kinds of micromodules were produced: spheroids and microtissues.
27721010	17	91	theme	novel	2483:2487	arg1	model					2499:2503	a novel 3D cancer model	2481:2503	a novel 3D cancer model	2481:2503	For this reason, to better replicate the tumor physiology in vitro that include functional and morphological changes, a novel 3D cancer model is proposed.
27721010	10	92	theme	collagen	1586:1593	arg1	architecture					1603:1614	the collagen network architecture	1582:1614	the collagen network architecture	1582:1614	At last, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture.
27721010	3	93	theme	proteins	627:634	arg1	proteins					627:634	extracellular proteins	613:634	extracellular proteins	613:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	3	93	theme	proteins	627:634	arg1	density					587:593	high cell density	577:593	high cell density	577:593	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	3	93	theme	proteins	627:634	arg1	amount					603:608	low amount	599:608	low amount	599:608	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	7	94	theme	such	1139:1142	arg1	properties					1156:1165	such biophysical properties	1139:1165	such biophysical properties	1139:1165	In the spheroid models such biophysical properties remained unchanged regardless to the cell type used.
27721010	9	95	theme	micro-rheological	1414:1430	arg1	properties					1432:1441	different micro-rheological properties	1404:1441	different micro-rheological properties	1404:1441	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	17	96	theme	cancer	2492:2497	arg1	model					2499:2503	a novel 3D cancer model	2481:2503	a novel 3D cancer model	2481:2503	For this reason, to better replicate the tumor physiology in vitro that include functional and morphological changes, a novel 3D cancer model is proposed.
27721010	7	97	theme	spheroid	1123:1130	arg1	models					1132:1137	the spheroid models	1119:1137	the spheroid models	1119:1137	In the spheroid models such biophysical properties remained unchanged regardless to the cell type used.
27721010	15	98	theme	pivotal	2216:2222	arg1	role					2224:2227	a pivotal role	2214:2227	a pivotal role	2214:2227	Stroma plays a pivotal role in cancer progression.
27721010	9	99	theme	extracellular	1450:1462	arg1	matrix					1464:1469	an extracellular matrix	1447:1469	an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	1447:1520	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	12	100	theme	tissue	1974:1979	arg1	engineering					1953:1963	the engineering	1949:1963	the engineering of tumor tissue	1949:1979	STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This work concerns the engineering of tumor tissue in vitro.
27721010	0	101	dep	enough	10:15	arg1	not					6:8	not	6:8	not	6:8	3D is not enough: Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues.
27721010	11	102	theme	important	1726:1734	arg1	differences					1736:1746	the important differences	1722:1746	the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues	1722:1901	Taken together, these results suggested that despite to cell spheroids, microtissues better recapitulate the important differences existing in vivo between normal and cancer-activated stroma representing a more suitable system to mimic in vitro the stromal element of the tumor tissues.
27721010	9	103	theme	richer	1471:1476	arg1	matrix					1464:1469	an extracellular matrix	1447:1469	an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid	1447:1520	CAF-microtissues possessed higher proliferation rate, superior contraction capability, different micro-rheological properties and an extracellular matrix richer in collagen fibronectin and hyaluronic acid.
27721010	0	104	dep	is	3:4	arg1	Building					18:25	Building	18:25	Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues	18:96	3D is not enough: Building up a cell instructive microenvironment for tumoral stroma microtissues.
27721010	3	105	theme	traditional	497:507	arg1	technique					526:534	the traditional cell aggregation technique	493:534	the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins	493:634	Spheroids were obtained by means of the traditional cell aggregation technique resulting in a 3D model characterized by high cell density and low amount of extracellular proteins.
27721010	1	106	theme	microenvironment	232:247	arg1	microtissues					131:142	three-dimensional microtissues	113:142	three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition	113:193	We fabricated three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment.
27721010	1	106	theme	microenvironment	232:247	arg1	functionalities					203:217	the functionalities	199:217	the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment	199:247	We fabricated three-dimensional microtissues with the aim to replicate in vitro the composition and the functionalities of the tumor microenvironment.
26694843	6	0	theme	=	984:984	arg1	0.023					986:990	P = 0.023	982:990	P = 0.023	982:990	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	8	1	theme	muscle	1313:1318	arg1	concentration					1328:1340	muscle protein concentration	1313:1340	muscle protein concentration	1313:1340	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	1	2	theme	content	155:161	arg1	expands					175:181	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands	142:181	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men	142:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	12	3	theme	lean	1946:1949	arg1	mass					1951:1954	increased leg lean mass	1932:1954	increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training	1932:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	7	4	theme	Cardiorespiratory	994:1010	arg1	V˙O2peak					1027:1034	V˙O2peak	1027:1034	V˙O2peak	1027:1034	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	4	theme	Cardiorespiratory	994:1010	arg1	fitness					1012:1018	Cardiorespiratory fitness	994:1018	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak)	994:1035	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	5	theme	maximal	1088:1094	arg1	power					1104:1108	maximal cycling power	1088:1108	maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax)	1088:1121	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	5	theme	maximal	1088:1094	arg1	Wmax					1117:1120	Wmax	1117:1120	Wmax	1117:1120	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	8	6	theme	±	1373:1373	arg1	g·kg⁻¹					1378:1383	15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹	1363:1383	15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹	1363:1383	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	12	7	theme	increased	2023:2031	arg1	power					2045:2049	increased cycling leg power	2023:2049	increased cycling leg power with training	2023:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	9	8	theme	mitochondrial	1438:1450	arg1	density					1452:1458	mitochondrial density	1438:1458	mitochondrial density	1438:1458	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density) increased by 31% (17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.024).
26694843	12	9	theme	increased	1932:1940	arg1	mass					1951:1954	increased leg lean mass	1932:1954	increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training	1932:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	0	10	theme	Aerobic	0:6	arg1	Training					17:24	Aerobic Exercise Training	0:24	Aerobic Exercise Training	0:24	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	6	11	theme	Body	845:848	arg1	weight					850:855	Body weight	845:855	Body weight	845:855	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	10	12	dep	ww	1600:1601	arg1	to					1583:1584	to	1583:1584	to	1583:1584	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	7	13	theme	P	1180:1180	arg1	<					1182:1182	P < 0.05	1180:1187	P < 0.05	1180:1187	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	10	14	theme	weight	1693:1698	arg1	kilogram					1677:1684	kilogram	1677:1684	kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15)	1677:1709	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	4	15	theme	biopsy	675:680	arg1	tissue					682:687	biopsy tissue	675:687	biopsy tissue	675:687	Water content, total protein, glycogen concentration, and citrate synthase activity were measured in biopsy tissue.
26694843	10	16	theme	glycogen	1535:1542	arg1	concentration					1544:1556	Muscle glycogen concentration	1528:1556	Muscle glycogen concentration	1528:1556	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	6	17	theme	P	982:982	arg1	0.023					986:990	P = 0.023	982:990	P = 0.023	982:990	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	12	18	theme	Reduced	1888:1894	arg1	concentration					1904:1916	Reduced protein concentration	1888:1916	Reduced protein concentration	1888:1916	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	12	19	theme	leg	2041:2043	arg1	power					2045:2049	increased cycling leg power	2023:2049	increased cycling leg power with training	2023:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	4	20	theme	total	589:593	arg1	protein					595:601	total protein	589:601	total protein	589:601	Water content, total protein, glycogen concentration, and citrate synthase activity were measured in biopsy tissue.
26694843	1	21	from	effects	237:243	arg1	men					225:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	21	from	effects	237:243	arg1	metabolites					279:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	8	22	dep	%	1290:1290	arg1	0.011					1297:1301	P = 0.011	1293:1301	P = 0.011	1293:1301	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	11	23	from	concentration	1841:1853	arg1	men					1883:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	5	24	theme	incremental	811:821	arg1	test					831:834	an incremental cycling test	808:834	an incremental cycling test	808:834	Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic fitness was measured during an incremental cycling test.
26694843	1	25	from	expands	175:181	arg1	men					225:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	25	from	expands	175:181	arg1	metabolites					279:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	26	theme	study	112:116	arg1	objective					94:102	The objective	90:102	The objective of this study	90:116	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	12	27	with	power	2045:2049	arg1	training					2056:2063	training	2056:2063	training	2056:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	10	28	theme	P	1701:1701	arg1	0.15					1705:1708	P = 0.15	1701:1708	P = 0.15	1701:1708	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	10	28	theme	P	1701:1701	arg1	weight					1693:1698	wet weight	1689:1698	wet weight (P = 0.15)	1689:1709	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	9	29	dep	activity	1418:1425	arg1	proxy					1428:1432	proxy	1428:1432	proxy for mitochondrial density	1428:1458	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density) increased by 31% (17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.024).
26694843	6	30	theme	fat	937:939	arg1	mass					946:949	leg fat free mass	933:949	leg fat free mass	933:949	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	11	31	theme	aerobic	1750:1756	arg1	training					1766:1773	aerobic cycling training	1750:1773	aerobic cycling training	1750:1773	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	8	32	theme	783	1244:1246	arg1	±					1248:1248	783 ± 18	1244:1251	783 ± 18	1244:1251	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	33	dep	increased	1229:1237	arg1	%					1290:1290	2%	1289:1290	2%	1289:1290	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	33	dep	increased	1229:1237	arg1	whereas					1305:1311	whereas	1305:1311	whereas	1305:1311	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	0	34	theme	Obese	60:64	arg1	Men					77:79	Obese Middle-Age Men	60:79	Obese Middle-Age Men	60:79	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	3	35	theme	training	559:566	arg1	bout					568:571	the last training bout	550:571	the last training bout	550:571	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before and 72 h after the completion of the last training bout.
26694843	9	36	dep	=	1518:1518	arg1	±					1482:1482	17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww	1479:1513	17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww	1479:1513	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density) increased by 31% (17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.024).
26694843	2	37	theme	cycling	436:442	arg1	program					453:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	4	38	theme	synthase	640:647	arg1	activity					649:656	citrate synthase activity	632:656	citrate synthase activity	632:656	Water content, total protein, glycogen concentration, and citrate synthase activity were measured in biopsy tissue.
26694843	1	39	theme	water	149:153	arg1	H2Omuscle					164:172	H2Omuscle	164:172	H2Omuscle	164:172	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	39	theme	water	149:153	arg1	content					155:161	muscle water content	142:161	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men	142:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	9	40	theme	synthase	1409:1416	arg1	activity					1418:1425	Citrate synthase activity	1401:1425	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density)	1401:1459	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density) increased by 31% (17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.024).
26694843	6	41	dep	increased	951:959	arg1	%					979:979	1.8%	976:979	1.8%	976:979	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	0	42	from	Content	49:55	arg1	Men					77:79	Obese Middle-Age Men	60:79	Obese Middle-Age Men	60:79	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	2	43	theme	V˙O2peak	350:357	arg1	mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹					368:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	5	44	theme	Body	690:693	arg1	composition					695:705	Body composition	690:705	Body composition	690:705	Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic fitness was measured during an incremental cycling test.
26694843	0	45	theme	Water	43:47	arg1	Content					49:55	Muscle Water Content	36:55	Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men	36:79	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	2	46	theme	syndrome	395:402	arg1	men					404:406	untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	339:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	292:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	8	47	theme	wet	1272:1274	arg1	ww					1284:1285	ww	1284:1285	ww	1284:1285	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	47	theme	wet	1272:1274	arg1	weight					1276:1281	799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight	1256:1281	799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww)	1256:1286	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	7	48	dep	V˙O2peak	1027:1034	arg1	i.e.					1021:1024	i.e.	1021:1024	i.e.	1021:1024	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	2	49	theme	untrained	339:347	arg1	men					404:406	untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	339:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	292:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	5	50	theme	cardiometabolic	764:778	arg1	fitness					780:786	cardiometabolic fitness	764:786	cardiometabolic fitness	764:786	Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic fitness was measured during an incremental cycling test.
26694843	1	51	theme	expansion	253:261	arg1	effects					237:243	the effects	233:243	the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites	233:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	51	theme	expansion	253:261	arg1	expands					175:181	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands	142:181	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men	142:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	7	52	dep	FOmax	1076:1080	arg1	i.e.					1070:1073	i.e.	1070:1073	i.e.	1070:1073	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	1	53	dep	determine	124:132	arg1	effects					237:243	the effects	233:243	the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites	233:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	53	dep	determine	124:132	arg1	expands					175:181	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands	142:181	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men	142:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	7	54	theme	exercise	1038:1045	arg1	oxidation					1059:1067	exercise maximal fat oxidation	1038:1067	exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax)	1038:1081	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	54	theme	exercise	1038:1045	arg1	FOmax					1076:1080	FOmax	1076:1080	FOmax	1076:1080	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	1	55	theme	other	266:270	arg1	metabolites					279:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	2	56	theme	4-month	420:426	arg1	program					453:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	11	57	theme	muscle	1826:1831	arg1	concentration					1841:1853	muscle protein concentration	1826:1853	muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men	1826:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	7	58	theme	fat	1055:1057	arg1	oxidation					1059:1067	exercise maximal fat oxidation	1038:1067	exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax)	1038:1081	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	58	theme	fat	1055:1057	arg1	FOmax					1076:1080	FOmax	1076:1080	FOmax	1076:1080	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	5	59	theme	X-ray	738:742	arg1	absorptiometry					744:757	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	726:757	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	726:757	Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic fitness was measured during an incremental cycling test.
26694843	0	60	theme	Muscle	36:41	arg1	Content					49:55	Muscle Water Content	36:55	Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men	36:79	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	7	61	dep	%	1149:1149	arg1	<					1182:1182	P < 0.05	1180:1187	P < 0.05	1180:1187	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	12	62	theme	water	1972:1976	arg1	effect					1987:1992	a water dilution effect	1970:1992	a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training	1970:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	11	63	theme	cycling	1758:1764	arg1	training					1766:1773	aerobic cycling training	1750:1773	aerobic cycling training	1750:1773	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	12	64	theme	effect	1987:1992	arg1	suggestive					1956:1965	suggestive	1956:1965	suggestive	1956:1965	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	2	65	dep	untrained	339:347	arg1	mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹					368:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	1	66	theme	deconditioned	200:212	arg1	men					225:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	11	67	theme	metabolic	1864:1872	arg1	men					1883:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	8	68	theme	=	1295:1295	arg1	0.011					1297:1301	P = 0.011	1293:1301	P = 0.011	1293:1301	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	3	69	theme	lateralis	469:477	arg1	biopsies					486:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies	462:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies	462:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before and 72 h after the completion of the last training bout.
26694843	2	70	theme	±	325:325	arg1	kg⁻¹·m⁻²					329:336	33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²	322:336	33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²	322:336	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	7	71	theme	cycling	1096:1102	arg1	power					1104:1108	maximal cycling power	1088:1108	maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax)	1088:1121	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	71	theme	cycling	1096:1102	arg1	Wmax					1117:1120	Wmax	1117:1120	Wmax	1117:1120	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	10	72	theme	statistical	1630:1640	arg1	significance					1642:1653	statistical significance	1630:1653	statistical significance	1630:1653	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	6	73	theme	fat	861:863	arg1	mass					865:868	fat mass	861:868	fat mass	861:868	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	1	74	dep	PURPOSE	82:88	arg1	is					118:119	is	118:119	is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites	118:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	8	75	theme	protein	1320:1326	arg1	concentration					1328:1340	muscle protein concentration	1313:1340	muscle protein concentration	1313:1340	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	5	76	theme	cycling	823:829	arg1	test					831:834	an incremental cycling test	808:834	an incremental cycling test	808:834	Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic fitness was measured during an incremental cycling test.
26694843	6	77	dep	RESULTS	837:843	arg1	reduced					875:881	reduced	875:881	reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05)	875:922	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	9	78	theme	Citrate	1401:1407	arg1	synthase					1409:1416	Citrate synthase	1401:1416	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density)	1401:1459	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density) increased by 31% (17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.024).
26694843	6	79	theme	P	914:914	arg1	<					916:916	P < 0.05	914:921	P < 0.05	914:921	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	6	79	theme	P	914:914	arg1	%					887:887	-1.9%	883:887	-1.9%	883:887	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	12	80	theme	cycling	2033:2039	arg1	power					2045:2049	increased cycling leg power	2023:2049	increased cycling leg power with training	2023:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	4	81	theme	glycogen	604:611	arg1	concentration					613:625	glycogen concentration	604:625	glycogen concentration	604:625	Water content, total protein, glycogen concentration, and citrate synthase activity were measured in biopsy tissue.
26694843	8	82	theme	ww	1385:1386	arg1	±					1361:1361	145 ±	1357:1361	145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww	1357:1386	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	83	theme	training	1209:1216	arg1	months					1199:1204	4 months	1197:1204	4 months of training	1197:1216	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	10	84	theme	wet	1689:1691	arg1	0.15					1705:1708	P = 0.15	1701:1708	P = 0.15	1701:1708	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	10	84	theme	wet	1689:1691	arg1	weight					1693:1698	wet weight	1689:1698	wet weight (P = 0.15)	1689:1709	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	4	85	theme	Water	574:578	arg1	content					580:586	Water content	574:586	Water content	574:586	Water content, total protein, glycogen concentration, and citrate synthase activity were measured in biopsy tissue.
26694843	10	86	theme	Muscle	1528:1533	arg1	concentration					1544:1556	Muscle glycogen concentration	1528:1556	Muscle glycogen concentration	1528:1556	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	11	87	theme	quadriceps	1785:1794	arg1	muscle					1796:1801	quadriceps muscle	1785:1801	quadriceps muscle water	1785:1807	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	12	88	theme	leg	1942:1944	arg1	mass					1951:1954	increased leg lean mass	1932:1954	increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training	1932:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	10	89	theme	=	1703:1703	arg1	0.15					1705:1708	P = 0.15	1701:1708	P = 0.15	1701:1708	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	10	89	theme	=	1703:1703	arg1	weight					1693:1698	wet weight	1689:1698	wet weight (P = 0.15)	1689:1709	Muscle glycogen concentration increased by 14% (22 ± 7 to 25 ± 7 g·kg⁻¹ ww) although without reaching statistical significance when expressed as per kilogram of wet weight (P = 0.15).
26694843	3	90	theme	bout	568:571	arg1	completion					536:545	the completion	532:545	the completion of the last training bout	532:571	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before and 72 h after the completion of the last training bout.
26694843	9	91	dep	ww	1512:1513	arg1	to					1486:1487	to	1486:1487	to	1486:1487	Citrate synthase activity (proxy for mitochondrial density) increased by 31% (17 ± 5 to 22 ± 5 mmol·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.024).
26694843	6	92	theme	free	941:944	arg1	mass					946:949	leg fat free mass	933:949	leg fat free mass	933:949	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	2	93	dep	METHODS	292:298	arg1	obese					309:313	obese	309:313	obese	309:313	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	2	93	dep	METHODS	292:298	arg1	men					404:406	untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	339:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	292:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	0	94	theme	Middle-Age	66:75	arg1	Men					77:79	Obese Middle-Age Men	60:79	Obese Middle-Age Men	60:79	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	3	95	theme	last	554:557	arg1	bout					568:571	the last training bout	550:571	the last training bout	550:571	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before and 72 h after the completion of the last training bout.
26694843	6	96	theme	leg	933:935	arg1	mass					946:949	leg fat free mass	933:949	leg fat free mass	933:949	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	2	97	theme	training	444:451	arg1	program					453:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	1	98	theme	muscle	142:147	arg1	H2Omuscle					164:172	H2Omuscle	164:172	H2Omuscle	164:172	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	98	theme	muscle	142:147	arg1	content					155:161	muscle water content	142:161	muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men	142:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	2	99	theme	aerobic	428:434	arg1	program					453:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	a 4-month aerobic cycling training program	418:459	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	8	100	theme	±	1260:1260	arg1	ww					1284:1285	ww	1284:1285	ww	1284:1285	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	100	theme	±	1260:1260	arg1	weight					1276:1281	799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight	1256:1281	799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww)	1256:1286	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	101	dep	=	1391:1391	arg1	±					1361:1361	145 ±	1357:1361	145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww	1357:1386	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	4	102	theme	citrate	632:638	arg1	activity					649:656	citrate synthase activity	632:656	citrate synthase activity	632:656	Water content, total protein, glycogen concentration, and citrate synthase activity were measured in biopsy tissue.
26694843	12	103	theme	protein	1896:1902	arg1	concentration					1904:1916	Reduced protein concentration	1888:1916	Reduced protein concentration	1888:1916	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	11	104	theme	muscle	1796:1801	arg1	water					1803:1807	quadriceps muscle water	1785:1807	quadriceps muscle water	1785:1807	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	8	105	theme	g·kg⁻¹	1265:1270	arg1	ww					1284:1285	ww	1284:1285	ww	1284:1285	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	8	105	theme	g·kg⁻¹	1265:1270	arg1	weight					1276:1281	799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight	1256:1281	799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww)	1256:1286	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	11	106	theme	protein	1833:1839	arg1	concentration					1841:1853	muscle protein concentration	1826:1853	muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men	1826:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	7	107	dep	Wmax	1117:1120	arg1	i.e.					1111:1114	i.e.	1111:1114	i.e.	1111:1114	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	11	108	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1712:1722	arg1	suggest					1737:1743	suggest	1737:1743	suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men	1737:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	8	109	dep	g·kg⁻¹	1378:1383	arg1	to					1366:1367	to	1366:1367	to	1366:1367	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	0	110	theme	Exercise	8:15	arg1	Training					17:24	Aerobic Exercise Training	0:24	Aerobic Exercise Training	0:24	Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Muscle Water Content in Obese Middle-Age Men.
26694843	2	111	theme	metabolic	385:393	arg1	syndrome					395:402	metabolic syndrome	385:402	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men	292:406	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	2	112	dep	obese	309:313	arg1	=					320:320	=	320:320	=	320:320	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	11	113	theme	obese	1858:1862	arg1	men					1883:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	6	114	dep	%	979:979	arg1	0.023					986:990	P = 0.023	982:990	P = 0.023	982:990	RESULTS Body weight and fat mass were reduced -1.9% and -5.4%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas leg fat free mass increased with training (1.8%, P = 0.023).
26694843	2	115	theme	±	364:364	arg1	mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹					368:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	5	116	theme	dual-energy	726:736	arg1	absorptiometry					744:757	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	726:757	dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry	726:757	Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic fitness was measured during an incremental cycling test.
26694843	1	117	theme	muscle	272:277	arg1	metabolites					279:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	other muscle metabolites	266:289	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	1	118	with	expands	175:181	arg1	training					188:195	training	188:195	training	188:195	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	12	119	theme	dilution	1978:1985	arg1	effect					1987:1992	a water dilution effect	1970:1992	a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training	1970:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	2	120	theme	=	359:359	arg1	mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹					368:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹	350:382	METHODS Eighteen obese (BMI = 33 ± 3 kg⁻¹·m⁻²) untrained (V˙O2peak = 29 ± 7 mL⁻¹·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) metabolic syndrome men completed a 4-month aerobic cycling training program.
26694843	8	121	theme	P	1293:1293	arg1	0.011					1297:1301	P = 0.011	1293:1301	P = 0.011	1293:1301	After 4 months of training, H2Omuscle increased from 783 ± 18 to 799 ± 24 g·kg⁻¹ wet weight (ww) (2%, P = 0.011), whereas muscle protein concentration decreased 11% (145 ± 15 to 129 ± 13 g·kg⁻¹ ww, P = 0.007).
26694843	3	122	theme	Vastus	462:467	arg1	biopsies					486:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies	462:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies	462:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before and 72 h after the completion of the last training bout.
26694843	1	123	with	effects	237:243	arg1	training					188:195	training	188:195	training	188:195	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	12	124	theme	suggestive	1956:1965	arg1	mass					1951:1954	increased leg lean mass	1932:1954	increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training	1932:2063	Reduced protein concentration coexists with increased leg lean mass suggestive of a water dilution effect that however does not impair increased cycling leg power with training.
26694843	3	125	theme	muscle	479:484	arg1	biopsies					486:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies	462:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies	462:493	Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before and 72 h after the completion of the last training bout.
26694843	1	126	theme	middle-age	214:223	arg1	men					225:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	deconditioned middle-age men	200:227	PURPOSE The objective of this study is to determine whether muscle water content (H2Omuscle) expands with training in deconditioned middle-age men and the effects of this expansion in other muscle metabolites.
26694843	11	127	theme	syndrome	1874:1881	arg1	men					1883:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	obese metabolic syndrome men	1858:1885	CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aerobic cycling training increases quadriceps muscle water although reduces muscle protein concentration in obese metabolic syndrome men.
26694843	7	128	theme	maximal	1047:1053	arg1	oxidation					1059:1067	exercise maximal fat oxidation	1038:1067	exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax)	1038:1081	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
26694843	7	128	theme	maximal	1047:1053	arg1	FOmax					1076:1080	FOmax	1076:1080	FOmax	1076:1080	Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2peak), exercise maximal fat oxidation (i.e., FOmax), and maximal cycling power (i.e., Wmax) improved with training (11%, 33%, and 10%, respectively; P < 0.05).
27664528	4	0	theme	beads	699:703	arg1	structure					640:648	Complementary structure	626:648	Complementary structure	626:648	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	4	0	theme	beads	699:703	arg1	characterization					670:685	physicochemical characterization	654:685	physicochemical characterization	654:685	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	3	1	link	cross-linked	544:555	arg1	beads					566:570	cross-linked chitosan beads	544:570	cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	544:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	5	2	theme	bead/phosphate	971:984	arg1	0.111-0.113min-1					1016:1031	0.111-0.113min-1	1016:1031	0.111-0.113min-1	1016:1031	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	2	theme	bead/phosphate	971:984	arg1	systems					986:992	chitosan bead/phosphate systems	962:992	chitosan bead/phosphate systems	962:992	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	8	3	theme	adsorption	1343:1352	arg1	isotherms					1354:1362	adsorption isotherms	1343:1362	adsorption isotherms	1343:1362	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	7	4	theme	beads	1332:1336	arg1	preparation					1308:1318	preparation	1308:1318	preparation of chitosan beads	1308:1336	Phosphate uptake strongly depends on the composition and type of cross-linker used for preparation of chitosan beads.
27664528	2	5	theme	glutaraldehyde	344:357	arg1	cross-linkers					359:371	epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers	324:371	epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers	324:371	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	1	6	theme	adsorption	197:206	arg1	properties					208:217	their adsorption properties	191:217	their adsorption properties	191:217	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	0	7	link	cross-linked	28:39	arg1	materials					55:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	8	8	theme	surface	1435:1441	arg1	charge					1443:1448	surface charge	1435:1448	surface charge	1435:1448	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	2	9	theme	epichlorohydrin	324:338	arg1	cross-linkers					359:371	epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers	324:371	epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers	324:371	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	4	10	theme	dye	753:755	arg1	measurements					768:779	dye adsorption measurements	753:779	dye adsorption measurements	753:779	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	5	11	theme	maximum	848:854	arg1	Qm					864:865	Qm	864:865	Qm	864:865	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	11	theme	maximum	848:854	arg1	uptake					856:861	The maximum uptake	844:861	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium	844:909	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	11	theme	maximum	848:854	arg1	52.1mgg-1					915:923	52.1mgg-1	915:923	52.1mgg-1	915:923	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	8	12	theme	bead	1399:1402	arg1	systems					1404:1410	bead systems	1399:1410	bead systems	1399:1410	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	6	13	with	complexes	1172:1180	arg1	changes					1199:1205	significant changes	1187:1205	significant changes in hydration	1187:1218	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	8	14	theme	balance	1472:1478	arg1	role					1427:1430	the role	1423:1430	the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface	1423:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	1	15	contain	containing	239:248	arg2	species					277:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	1	15	contain	containing	239:248	arg1	solution					230:237	aqueous solution	222:237	aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	222:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	1	16	from	properties	208:217	arg1	solution					230:237	aqueous solution	222:237	aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	222:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	5	17	with	systems	876:882	arg1	HPO42-					889:894	HPO42-	889:894	HPO42-	889:894	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	8	18	theme	adsorption	1481:1490	arg1	accessibility					1497:1509	adsorption site accessibility	1481:1509	adsorption site accessibility	1481:1509	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	5	19	theme	intraparticle	1042:1054	arg1	step					1080:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	6	20	theme	outer-sphere	1159:1170	arg1	complexes					1172:1180	inner- and outer-sphere complexes	1148:1180	inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration	1148:1218	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	8	21	theme	accessibility	1497:1509	arg1	role					1427:1430	the role	1423:1430	the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface	1423:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	5	22	theme	bead	871:874	arg1	systems					876:882	bead systems	871:882	bead systems with HPO42-	871:894	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	23	from	equilibrium	899:909	arg1	Qm					864:865	Qm	864:865	Qm	864:865	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	23	from	equilibrium	899:909	arg1	uptake					856:861	The maximum uptake	844:861	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium	844:909	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	23	from	equilibrium	899:909	arg1	52.1mgg-1					915:923	52.1mgg-1	915:923	52.1mgg-1	915:923	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	1	24	from	beads	181:185	arg1	solution					230:237	aqueous solution	222:237	aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	222:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	6	25	theme	inner-	1148:1153	arg1	complexes					1172:1180	inner- and outer-sphere complexes	1148:1180	inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration	1148:1218	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	4	26	theme	structure-property	810:827	arg1	relationships					829:841	structure-property relationships	810:841	structure-property relationships	810:841	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	1	27	theme	chitosan	172:179	arg1	beads					181:185	cross-linked chitosan beads	159:185	cross-linked chitosan beads	159:185	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	8	28	theme	properties	1526:1535	arg1	role					1427:1430	the role	1423:1430	the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface	1423:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	8	29	theme	surface	1558:1564	arg1	role					1427:1430	the role	1423:1430	the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface	1423:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	1	30	from	understanding	142:154	arg1	solution					230:237	aqueous solution	222:237	aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	222:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	1	31	theme	based	136:140	arg1	understanding					142:154	a molecular based understanding	124:154	a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	124:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	2	32	theme	HPO42-	463:468	arg1	uptake					470:475	tunable HPO42- uptake	455:475	tunable HPO42- uptake	455:475	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	1	33	theme	experimental	79:90	arg1	study					92:96	A systematic experimental study	66:96	A systematic experimental study	66:96	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	8	34	theme	bead	1553:1556	arg1	surface					1558:1564	the chitosan bead surface	1540:1564	the chitosan bead surface	1540:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	3	35	theme	kinetic	493:499	arg1	properties					530:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties	489:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	489:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	0	36	theme	Phosphate	0:8	arg1	studies					17:23	Phosphate uptake studies	0:23	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials	0:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	5	37	theme	rate-limiting	1066:1078	arg1	step					1080:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	1	38	link	cross-linked	159:170	arg1	beads					181:185	cross-linked chitosan beads	159:185	cross-linked chitosan beads	159:185	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	3	39	theme	cross-linked	544:555	arg1	beads					566:570	cross-linked chitosan beads	544:570	cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	544:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	7	40	theme	chitosan	1323:1330	arg1	beads					1332:1336	chitosan beads	1323:1336	chitosan beads	1323:1336	Phosphate uptake strongly depends on the composition and type of cross-linker used for preparation of chitosan beads.
27664528	1	41	theme	beads	181:185	arg1	understanding					142:154	a molecular based understanding	124:154	a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	124:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	0	42	theme	cross-linked	28:39	arg1	materials					55:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	3	43	theme	HPO42-	577:582	arg1	species					584:590	HPO42- species	577:590	HPO42- species	577:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	0	44	theme	bead	50:53	arg1	materials					55:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	4	45	theme	Complementary	626:638	arg1	structure					640:648	Complementary structure	626:648	Complementary structure	626:648	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	3	46	theme	beads	566:570	arg1	properties					530:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties	489:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	489:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	2	47	theme	hydrophile-lipophile	420:439	arg1	character					441:449	variable hydrophile-lipophile character	411:449	variable hydrophile-lipophile character	411:449	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	8	48	theme	systems	1404:1410	arg1	isotherms					1354:1362	adsorption isotherms	1343:1362	adsorption isotherms	1343:1362	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	8	48	theme	systems	1404:1410	arg1	characterization					1379:1394	structural characterization	1368:1394	structural characterization	1368:1394	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	1	49	theme	dianion	260:266	arg1	species					277:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	0	50	theme	materials	55:63	arg1	studies					17:23	Phosphate uptake studies	0:23	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials	0:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	1	51	theme	HPO42-	269:274	arg1	species					277:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	4	52	theme	chitosan	690:697	arg1	beads					699:703	chitosan beads	690:703	chitosan beads	690:703	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	2	53	theme	modified	391:398	arg1	beads					400:404	surface modified beads	383:404	surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties	383:486	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	3	54	with	beads	566:570	arg1	species					584:590	HPO42- species	577:590	HPO42- species	577:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	2	55	theme	modified	300:307	arg1	chitosan					309:316	Synthetically modified chitosan	286:316	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers	286:371	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	5	56	theme	chitosan	962:969	arg1	0.111-0.113min-1					1016:1031	0.111-0.113min-1	1016:1031	0.111-0.113min-1	1016:1031	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	56	theme	chitosan	962:969	arg1	systems					986:992	chitosan bead/phosphate systems	962:992	chitosan bead/phosphate systems	962:992	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	4	57	theme	adsorption	757:766	arg1	measurements					768:779	dye adsorption measurements	753:779	dye adsorption measurements	753:779	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	7	58	dep	composition	1262:1272	arg1	the					1258:1260	the	1258:1260	the	1258:1260	Phosphate uptake strongly depends on the composition and type of cross-linker used for preparation of chitosan beads.
27664528	7	59	theme	Phosphate	1221:1229	arg1	uptake					1231:1236	Phosphate uptake	1221:1236	Phosphate uptake	1221:1236	Phosphate uptake strongly depends on the composition and type of cross-linker used for preparation of chitosan beads.
27664528	6	60	from	changes	1199:1205	arg1	hydration					1210:1218	hydration	1210:1218	hydration	1210:1218	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	5	61	theme	kinetic	935:941	arg1	uptake					943:948	kinetic uptake	935:948	kinetic uptake	935:948	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	6	62	theme	adsorption	1090:1099	arg1	process					1101:1107	The adsorption process	1086:1107	The adsorption process	1086:1107	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	1	63	theme	aqueous	222:228	arg1	solution					230:237	aqueous solution	222:237	aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	222:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	8	64	theme	structural	1368:1377	arg1	characterization					1379:1394	structural characterization	1368:1394	structural characterization	1368:1394	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	8	65	theme	charge	1443:1448	arg1	role					1427:1430	the role	1423:1430	the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface	1423:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	1	66	from	solution	230:237	arg1	understanding					142:154	a molecular based understanding	124:154	a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	124:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	8	67	theme	hydrophile-lipophile	1451:1470	arg1	balance					1472:1478	hydrophile-lipophile balance	1451:1478	hydrophile-lipophile balance	1451:1478	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	1	68	theme	molecular	126:134	arg1	understanding					142:154	a molecular based understanding	124:154	a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	124:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	1	69	theme	properties	208:217	arg1	understanding					142:154	a molecular based understanding	124:154	a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	124:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	8	70	theme	site	1492:1495	arg1	accessibility					1497:1509	adsorption site accessibility	1481:1509	adsorption site accessibility	1481:1509	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	5	71	theme	systems	876:882	arg1	Qm					864:865	Qm	864:865	Qm	864:865	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	71	theme	systems	876:882	arg1	uptake					856:861	The maximum uptake	844:861	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium	844:909	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	71	theme	systems	876:882	arg1	52.1mgg-1					915:923	52.1mgg-1	915:923	52.1mgg-1	915:923	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	1	72	theme	cross-linked	159:170	arg1	beads					181:185	cross-linked chitosan beads	159:185	cross-linked chitosan beads	159:185	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	6	73	theme	multi-step	1119:1128	arg1	pathway					1130:1136	a multi-step pathway	1117:1136	a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration	1117:1218	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	5	74	with	rapid	1009:1013	arg1	step					1080:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	8	75	theme	hydration	1516:1524	arg1	properties					1526:1535	hydration properties	1516:1535	hydration properties	1516:1535	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	1	76	theme	systematic	68:77	arg1	study					92:96	A systematic experimental study	66:96	A systematic experimental study	66:96	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	2	77	theme	tunable	455:461	arg1	uptake					470:475	tunable HPO42- uptake	455:475	tunable HPO42- uptake	455:475	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	0	78	theme	uptake	10:15	arg1	studies					17:23	Phosphate uptake studies	0:23	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials	0:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	5	79	theme	diffusion	1056:1064	arg1	step					1080:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step	1039:1083	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	4	80	theme	physicochemical	654:668	arg1	characterization					670:685	physicochemical characterization	654:685	physicochemical characterization	654:685	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	8	81	theme	chitosan	1544:1551	arg1	surface					1558:1564	the chitosan bead surface	1540:1564	the chitosan bead surface	1540:1564	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	5	82	dep	rapid	1009:1013	arg1	0.111-0.113min-1					1016:1031	0.111-0.113min-1	1016:1031	0.111-0.113min-1	1016:1031	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	5	82	dep	rapid	1009:1013	arg1	systems					986:992	chitosan bead/phosphate systems	962:992	chitosan bead/phosphate systems	962:992	The maximum uptake (Qm) of bead systems with HPO42- at equilibrium was 52.1mgg-1; whereas, kinetic uptake results for chitosan bead/phosphate systems are relatively rapid (0.111-0.113min-1) with an intraparticle diffusion rate-limiting step.
27664528	3	83	theme	chitosan	557:564	arg1	beads					566:570	cross-linked chitosan beads	544:570	cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	544:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	0	84	theme	chitosan	41:48	arg1	materials					55:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	cross-linked chitosan bead materials	28:63	Phosphate uptake studies of cross-linked chitosan bead materials.
27664528	6	85	theme	significant	1187:1197	arg1	changes					1199:1205	significant changes	1187:1205	significant changes in hydration	1187:1218	The adsorption process follows a multi-step pathway involving inner- and outer-sphere complexes with significant changes in hydration.
27664528	3	86	theme	thermodynamic	505:517	arg1	properties					530:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties	489:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	489:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	7	87	theme	cross-linker	1286:1297	arg1	type					1278:1281	type	1278:1281	type	1278:1281	Phosphate uptake strongly depends on the composition and type of cross-linker used for preparation of chitosan beads.
27664528	7	87	theme	cross-linker	1286:1297	arg1	composition					1262:1272	composition	1262:1272	composition	1262:1272	Phosphate uptake strongly depends on the composition and type of cross-linker used for preparation of chitosan beads.
27664528	8	88	dep	isotherms	1354:1362	arg1	The					1339:1341	The	1339:1341	The	1339:1341	The adsorption isotherms and structural characterization of bead systems illustrate the role of surface charge, hydrophile-lipophile balance, adsorption site accessibility, and hydration properties of the chitosan bead surface.
27664528	2	89	theme	surface	383:389	arg1	beads					400:404	surface modified beads	383:404	surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties	383:486	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	2	90	with	beads	400:404	arg1	character					441:449	variable hydrophile-lipophile character	411:449	variable hydrophile-lipophile character	411:449	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	2	90	with	beads	400:404	arg1	uptake					470:475	tunable HPO42- uptake	455:475	tunable HPO42- uptake	455:475	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	4	91	theme	Raman	724:728	arg1	spectroscopy					730:741	Raman spectroscopy	724:741	Raman spectroscopy	724:741	Complementary structure and physicochemical characterization of chitosan beads via potentiometry, Raman spectroscopy, DSC, and dye adsorption measurements was carried out to establish structure-property relationships.
27664528	2	92	dep	character	441:449	arg1	properties					477:486	properties	477:486	properties	477:486	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	2	93	theme	variable	411:418	arg1	character					441:449	variable hydrophile-lipophile character	411:449	variable hydrophile-lipophile character	411:449	Synthetically modified chitosan using epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde cross-linkers result in surface modified beads with variable hydrophile-lipophile character and tunable HPO42- uptake properties.
27664528	1	94	theme	phosphate	250:258	arg1	species					277:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species	250:283	A systematic experimental study is reported that provides a molecular based understanding of cross-linked chitosan beads and their adsorption properties in aqueous solution containing phosphate dianion (HPO42-) species.
27664528	3	95	theme	adsorption	519:528	arg1	properties					530:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties	489:539	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species	489:590	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
27664528	3	96	theme	aqueous	608:614	arg1	solution					616:623	aqueous solution	608:623	aqueous solution	608:623	The kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption properties of cross-linked chitosan beads with HPO42- species were studied in aqueous solution.
24842302	7	0	theme	isoprenoid	910:919	arg1	quinone					921:927	The major isoprenoid quinone	900:927	The major isoprenoid quinone	900:927	The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6.
24842302	7	0	theme	isoprenoid	910:919	arg1	MK-6					933:936	MK-6	933:936	MK-6	933:936	The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6.
24842302	10	1	theme	genus	1191:1195	arg1	species					1174:1180	a novel species	1166:1180	a novel species of a new genus	1166:1195	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	10	2	theme	novel	1168:1172	arg1	species					1174:1180	a novel species	1166:1180	a novel species of a new genus	1166:1195	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	3	3	theme	Marine	403:408	arg1	agar					410:413	Marine agar	403:413	Marine agar	403:413	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	2	4	from	Micronesia	238:247	arg1	area					215:218	coastal area	207:218	coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia	207:247	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	10	5	theme	new	1187:1189	arg1	genus					1191:1195	a new genus	1185:1195	a new genus	1185:1195	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	4	6	theme	w/v	513:515	arg1	optimum					524:530	optimum	524:530	optimum	524:530	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	4	6	theme	w/v	513:515	arg1	NaCl					518:521	1-9 % (w/v) NaCl	506:521	1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %)	506:536	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	6	7	theme	iso-C17:0	817:825	arg1	3-OH					827:830	iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH	798:830	3-OH	827:830	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	1	8	attach	isolated	109:116	arg1	seaweed					125:131	seaweed	125:131	seaweed	125:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	1	8	attach	isolated	109:116	arg2	Flavobacteriaceae					91:107	the family Flavobacteriaceae	80:107	the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed	80:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	10	9	theme	taxonomic	1125:1133	arg1	data					1135:1138	this polyphasic taxonomic data	1109:1138	this polyphasic taxonomic data	1109:1138	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	5	10	theme	90.5 	724:728	arg1	%					729:729	%	729:729	%	729:729	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	2	11	attach	isolated	168:175	arg2	strain					136:141	A strain	134:141	A strain designated as S85(T)	134:162	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	2	11	attach	isolated	168:175	arg1	seaweed					184:190	seaweed	184:190	seaweed	184:190	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	7	12	theme	major	904:908	arg1	quinone					921:927	The major isoprenoid quinone	900:927	The major isoprenoid quinone	900:927	The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6.
24842302	7	12	theme	major	904:908	arg1	MK-6					933:936	MK-6	933:936	MK-6	933:936	The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6.
24842302	4	13	dep	optimum	448:454	arg1	pH					457:458	pH 8	457:460	pH 8	457:460	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	10	14	theme	polyphasic	1114:1123	arg1	data					1135:1138	this polyphasic taxonomic data	1109:1138	this polyphasic taxonomic data	1109:1138	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	2	15	theme	State	229:233	arg1	area					215:218	coastal area	207:218	coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia	207:247	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	12	16	theme	O.	1281:1282	arg1	S85					1296:1298	S85	1296:1298	S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T))	1296:1329	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	12	16	theme	O.	1281:1282	arg1	strain					1271:1276	The type strain	1262:1276	The type strain of O. pacifica	1262:1291	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	6	17	theme	summed	848:853	arg1	feature					855:861	summed feature 3	848:863	summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH)	848:897	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	10	18	theme	gen.	1242:1245	arg1	nov.					1247:1250	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1222:1250	the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1213:1250	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	1	19	theme	novel	43:47	arg1	bacterium					67:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium	41:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed	41:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	1	19	theme	novel	43:47	arg1	nov.					35:38	nov.	35:38	nov.	35:38	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	8	20	theme	G+C	947:949	arg1	%					991:991	34.6 mol %	982:991	34.6 mol %	982:991	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	8	20	theme	G+C	947:949	arg1	content					951:957	The DNA G+C content	939:957	The DNA G+C content of the type strain	939:976	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	3	21	theme	yeast	357:361	arg1	extract					363:369	yeast extract	357:369	yeast extract	357:369	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	5	22	theme	gene	583:586	arg1	sequence					588:595	16S rRNA gene sequence	574:595	16S rRNA gene sequence	574:595	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	3	23	from	colonies	325:332	arg1	agar					410:413	Marine agar	403:413	Marine agar	403:413	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	23	from	colonies	325:332	arg1	agar					345:348	the SWY agar	337:348	the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater)	337:397	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	23	from	colonies	325:332	arg1	%					355:355	0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater	351:396	%	355:355	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	23	from	colonies	325:332	arg1	agar					381:384	1.5 % agar	375:384	1.5 % agar in seawater	375:396	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	1	24	theme	agar-lytic	49:58	arg1	bacterium					67:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium	41:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed	41:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	1	24	theme	agar-lytic	49:58	arg1	nov.					35:38	nov.	35:38	nov.	35:38	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	6	25	theme	iso-C15:0	798:806	arg1	3-OH					808:811	iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH	798:830	3-OH	808:811	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	0	26	theme	pacifica	11:18	arg1	nov.					25:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	9	27	theme	polar	1004:1008	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	9	27	theme	polar	1004:1008	arg1	lipids					1010:1015	The major polar lipids	994:1015	The major polar lipids	994:1015	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	3	28	dep	agar	345:348	arg1	2216					415:418	2216	415:418	2216	415:418	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	1	29	theme	marine	60:65	arg1	bacterium					67:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium	41:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed	41:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	1	29	theme	marine	60:65	arg1	nov.					35:38	nov.	35:38	nov.	35:38	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	4	30	theme	1-9 	506:509	arg1	optimum					524:530	optimum	524:530	optimum	524:530	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	4	30	theme	1-9 	506:509	arg1	NaCl					518:521	1-9 % (w/v) NaCl	506:521	1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %)	506:536	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	0	31	theme	Ochrovirga	0:9	arg1	nov.					25:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	10	32	theme	strain	1141:1146	arg1	S85					1148:1150	strain S85	1141:1150	strain S85(T)	1141:1153	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	10	32	theme	strain	1141:1146	arg1	T					1152:1152	T	1152:1152	T	1152:1152	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	4	33	dep	optimum	524:530	arg1	%					535:535	3 %	533:535	3 %	533:535	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	8	34	theme	DNA	943:945	arg1	%					991:991	34.6 mol %	982:991	34.6 mol %	982:991	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	8	34	theme	DNA	943:945	arg1	content					951:957	The DNA G+C content	939:957	The DNA G+C content of the type strain	939:976	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	10	35	theme	pacifica	1233:1240	arg1	nov.					1247:1250	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1222:1250	the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1213:1250	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	12	36	dep	S85	1296:1298	arg1	T					1327:1327	T	1327:1327	T	1327:1327	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	12	36	dep	S85	1296:1298	arg1	18327					1321:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327	1304:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)	1304:1328	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	3	37	theme	%	379:379	arg1	agar					345:348	the SWY agar	337:348	the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater)	337:397	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	37	theme	%	379:379	arg1	agar					381:384	1.5 % agar	375:384	1.5 % agar in seawater	375:396	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	38	theme	yellow	318:323	arg1	colonies					325:332	yellow colonies	318:332	yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216	318:418	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	2	39	theme	Chuuk	223:227	arg1	State					229:233	Chuuk State	223:233	Chuuk State in Micronesia	223:247	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	12	40	theme	type	1266:1269	arg1	S85					1296:1298	S85	1296:1298	S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T))	1296:1329	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	12	40	theme	type	1266:1269	arg1	strain					1271:1276	The type strain	1262:1276	The type strain of O. pacifica	1262:1291	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	2	41	from	area	215:218	arg1	Micronesia					238:247	Micronesia	238:247	Micronesia	238:247	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	8	42	theme	strain	971:976	arg1	%					991:991	34.6 mol %	982:991	34.6 mol %	982:991	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	8	42	theme	strain	971:976	arg1	content					951:957	The DNA G+C content	939:957	The DNA G+C content of the type strain	939:976	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	10	43	dep	name	1217:1220	arg1	nov.					1247:1250	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1222:1250	the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1213:1250	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	8	44	theme	type	966:969	arg1	strain					971:976	the type strain	962:976	the type strain	962:976	The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 34.6 mol %.
24842302	12	45	theme	90106	1310:1314	arg1	T					1327:1327	T	1327:1327	T	1327:1327	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	12	45	theme	90106	1310:1314	arg1	18327					1321:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327	1304:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)	1304:1328	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	6	46	theme	fatty	770:774	arg1	acids					776:780	The dominant fatty acids	757:780	The dominant fatty acids	757:780	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	6	46	theme	fatty	770:774	arg1	iso-C15:0					787:795	iso-C15:0	787:795	iso-C15:0	787:795	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	5	47	theme	16S	574:576	arg1	rRNA					578:581	16S rRNA	574:581	16S rRNA gene sequence	574:595	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	3	48	dep	%	355:355	arg1	extract					363:369	yeast extract	357:369	yeast extract	357:369	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	49	theme	1.5 	375:378	arg1	%					379:379	%	379:379	%	379:379	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	5	50	theme	rRNA	578:581	arg1	sequence					588:595	16S rRNA gene sequence	574:595	16S rRNA gene sequence	574:595	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	9	51	theme	unknown	1051:1057	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	9	51	theme	unknown	1051:1057	arg1	glycolipid					1059:1068	an unknown glycolipid	1048:1068	an unknown glycolipid	1048:1068	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	5	52	theme	strain	609:614	arg1	T					620:620	T	620:620	T	620:620	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	5	52	theme	strain	609:614	arg1	S85					616:618	strain S85	609:618	strain S85(T)	609:621	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	0	53	dep	sp	31:32	arg1	nov.					25:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	9	54	theme	major	998:1002	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	9	54	theme	major	998:1002	arg1	lipids					1010:1015	The major polar lipids	994:1015	The major polar lipids	994:1015	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	1	55	theme	family	84:89	arg1	Flavobacteriaceae					91:107	the family Flavobacteriaceae	80:107	the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed	80:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	3	56	theme	SWY	341:343	arg1	agar					345:348	the SWY agar	337:348	the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater)	337:397	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	56	theme	SWY	341:343	arg1	%					355:355	0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater	351:396	%	355:355	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	3	56	theme	SWY	341:343	arg1	agar					381:384	1.5 % agar	375:384	1.5 % agar in seawater	375:396	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	4	57	dep	optimum	477:483	arg1	25-28 °C					486:493	25-28 °C	486:493	25-28 °C	486:493	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	1	58	theme	Flavobacteriaceae	91:107	arg1	bacterium					67:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium	41:75	a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed	41:131	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	1	58	theme	Flavobacteriaceae	91:107	arg1	nov.					35:38	nov.	35:38	nov.	35:38	nov., a novel agar-lytic marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a seaweed.
24842302	12	59	theme	=KCCM	1304:1308	arg1	T					1327:1327	T	1327:1327	T	1327:1327	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	12	59	theme	=KCCM	1304:1308	arg1	18327					1321:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327	1304:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)	1304:1328	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	3	60	from	agar	381:384	arg1	seawater					389:396	seawater	389:396	seawater	389:396	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	12	61	dep	O.	1281:1282	arg1	pacifica					1284:1291	O. pacifica	1281:1291	O. pacifica	1281:1291	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	5	62	with	related	627:633	arg1	similarity					731:740	90.5 % similarity	724:740	90.5 % similarity	724:740	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	5	62	with	related	627:633	arg1	%					713:713	91.4 %	708:713	91.4 %	708:713	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	6	63	dep	feature	855:861	arg1	C16:1					866:870	C16:1	866:870	C16:1	866:870	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	6	63	dep	feature	855:861	arg1	2-OH					893:896	C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH	866:896	2-OH	893:896	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	2	64	theme	coastal	207:213	arg1	area					215:218	coastal area	207:218	coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia	207:247	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	6	65	theme	C16:0	833:837	arg1	3-OH					839:842	C16:0 3-OH	833:842	C16:0 3-OH	833:842	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	12	66	theme	=JCM	1316:1319	arg1	T					1327:1327	T	1327:1327	T	1327:1327	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	12	66	theme	=JCM	1316:1319	arg1	18327					1321:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327	1304:1325	=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)	1304:1328	The type strain of O. pacifica is S85(T) (=KCCM 90106 =JCM 18327(T)).
24842302	9	67	theme	unknown	1078:1084	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	9	67	theme	unknown	1078:1084	arg1	lipids					1092:1097	two unknown polar lipids	1074:1097	two unknown polar lipids	1074:1097	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	6	68	theme	dominant	761:768	arg1	acids					776:780	The dominant fatty acids	757:780	The dominant fatty acids	757:780	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	6	68	theme	dominant	761:768	arg1	iso-C15:0					787:795	iso-C15:0	787:795	iso-C15:0	787:795	The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH and iso-C17:0 3-OH, C16:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH).
24842302	5	69	theme	%	729:729	arg1	similarity					731:740	90.5 % similarity	724:740	90.5 % similarity	724:740	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	3	70	from	%	355:355	arg1	seawater					389:396	seawater	389:396	seawater	389:396	The strain was gram-negative, rod-shaped, and non-motile and formed yellow colonies on the SWY agar (0.2 % yeast extract and 1.5 % agar in seawater) and Marine agar 2216.
24842302	2	71	from	State	229:233	arg1	Micronesia					238:247	Micronesia	238:247	Micronesia	238:247	A strain designated as S85(T) was isolated from a seaweed collected from coastal area of Chuuk State in Micronesia.
24842302	9	72	theme	polar	1086:1090	arg1	phosphatidylethanolamine					1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	phosphatidylethanolamine	1022:1045	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	9	72	theme	polar	1086:1090	arg1	lipids					1092:1097	two unknown polar lipids	1074:1097	two unknown polar lipids	1074:1097	The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown glycolipid and two unknown polar lipids.
24842302	5	73	theme	phylogenetic	543:554	arg1	analysis					556:563	The phylogenetic analysis	539:563	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence	539:595	The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain S85(T) was related to Lutibacter litoralis CL-TF09(T) and Maritimimonas rapanae A31(T) with 91.4 % and with 90.5 % similarity, respectively.
24842302	0	74	theme	gen.	20:23	arg1	nov.					25:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	0:28	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	10	75	theme	Ochrovirga	1222:1231	arg1	nov.					1247:1250	Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1222:1250	the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov.	1213:1250	Based on this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain S85(T) stands for a novel species of a new genus, and we propose the name Ochrovirga pacifica gen. nov., sp.
24842302	4	76	theme	%	510:510	arg1	optimum					524:530	optimum	524:530	optimum	524:530	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
24842302	4	76	theme	%	510:510	arg1	NaCl					518:521	1-9 % (w/v) NaCl	506:521	1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %)	506:536	The strain grew at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 8), at 15-40 °C (optimum, 25-28 °C), and with 1-9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3 %).
29281815	4	0	dep	analyzed	550:557	arg1	either					650:655	either	650:655	either	650:655	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	4	0	dep	analyzed	550:557	arg1	individually caged					669:686	individually caged	669:686	individually caged after weaning	669:700	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	4	1	theme	Nlrp6-/-	609:616	arg1	littermates					637:647	Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	609:647	Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	609:647	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	5	2	theme	reported	843:850	arg1	structure					883:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	6	3	theme	KO	1062:1063	arg1	females					1065:1071	KO females	1062:1071	KO females	1062:1071	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	3	4	theme	littermate	362:371	arg1	animals					373:379	littermate animals	362:379	littermate animals	362:379	However, these results were not obtained using littermate animals, leaving the possibility that the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice was stochastically acquired and genotype independent.
29281815	2	5	theme	healthy	295:301	arg1	microbiota					303:312	a healthy microbiota	293:312	a healthy microbiota	293:312	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	4	6	theme	wild-type	622:630	arg1	littermates					637:647	Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	609:647	Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	609:647	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	5	7	theme	intestinal	775:784	arg1	homeostasis					800:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	5	8	theme	microbiota	786:795	arg1	homeostasis					800:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	2	9	theme	Previous	135:142	arg1	studies					144:150	Previous studies	135:150	Previous studies	135:150	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	5	10	theme	at	797:798	arg1	homeostasis					800:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	7	11	theme	animals	1205:1211	arg1	importance					1170:1179	the importance	1166:1179	the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies	1166:1227	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	3	12	theme	knockout	468:475	arg1	KO					478:479	KO	478:479	KO	478:479	However, these results were not obtained using littermate animals, leaving the possibility that the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice was stochastically acquired and genotype independent.
29281815	3	12	theme	knockout	468:475	arg1	mice					482:485	knockout (KO) mice	468:485	knockout (KO) mice	468:485	However, these results were not obtained using littermate animals, leaving the possibility that the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice was stochastically acquired and genotype independent.
29281815	0	13	theme	NLR	4:6	arg1	NLRP6					16:20	The NLR Protein NLRP6	0:20	The NLR Protein NLRP6	0:20	The NLR Protein NLRP6 Does Not Impact Gut Microbiota Composition.
29281815	6	14	theme	comparable	946:955	arg1	sensitivity					957:967	comparable sensitivity	946:967	comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis	946:1015	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	5	15	theme	community	873:881	arg1	structure					883:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	4	16	theme	at three	574:581	arg1	locations					594:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations	559:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	559:647	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	2	17	dep	regulation	261:270	arg1	the					257:259	the	257:259	the	257:259	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	7	18	theme	such	1216:1219	arg1	studies					1221:1227	such studies	1216:1227	such studies	1216:1227	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	4	19	theme	microbiota	563:572	arg1	locations					594:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations	559:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	559:647	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	1	20	theme	Nod-like	77:84	arg1	NLRP6					66:70	NLRP6	66:70	NLRP6	66:70	NLRP6 is a Nod-like receptor expressed in the intestinal epithelium.
29281815	1	20	theme	Nod-like	77:84	arg1	receptor					86:93	a Nod-like receptor	75:93	a Nod-like receptor expressed in the intestinal epithelium	75:132	NLRP6 is a Nod-like receptor expressed in the intestinal epithelium.
29281815	0	21	theme	Protein	8:14	arg1	NLRP6					16:20	The NLR Protein NLRP6	0:20	The NLR Protein NLRP6	0:20	The NLR Protein NLRP6 Does Not Impact Gut Microbiota Composition.
29281815	6	22	theme	increased	1027:1035	arg1	sensitivity					1037:1047	increased sensitivity	1027:1047	increased sensitivity	1027:1047	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	7	23	theme	colitis	1130:1136	arg1	control					1138:1144	colitis control	1130:1144	colitis control	1130:1144	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	4	24	dep	wild-type	622:630	arg1	WT					633:634	WT	633:634	WT	633:634	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	2	25	theme	microbiota	303:312	arg1	establishment					276:288	establishment	276:288	establishment	276:288	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	2	25	theme	microbiota	303:312	arg1	regulation					261:270	regulation	261:270	regulation	261:270	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	7	26	from	importance	1170:1179	arg1	studies					1221:1227	such studies	1216:1227	such studies	1216:1227	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	3	27	theme	pro-colitogenic	415:429	arg1	phenotype					442:450	the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype	411:450	the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice	411:485	However, these results were not obtained using littermate animals, leaving the possibility that the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice was stochastically acquired and genotype independent.
29281815	4	28	theme	intestinal	583:592	arg1	locations					594:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations	559:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	559:647	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	2	29	theme	protective	163:172	arg1	role					174:177	a protective role	161:177	a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis	161:251	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	7	30	theme	analyzing	1184:1192	arg1	animals					1205:1211	analyzing littermate animals	1184:1211	analyzing littermate animals	1184:1211	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	3	31	theme	microbiota	431:440	arg1	phenotype					442:450	the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype	411:450	the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice	411:485	However, these results were not obtained using littermate animals, leaving the possibility that the pro-colitogenic microbiota phenotype associated with knockout (KO) mice was stochastically acquired and genotype independent.
29281815	6	32	theme	littermate	920:929	arg1	mice					931:934	WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice	904:934	WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice	904:934	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	2	33	theme	colitis-associated	219:236	arg1	carcinogenesis					238:251	colitis-associated carcinogenesis	219:251	colitis-associated carcinogenesis	219:251	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	0	34	theme	Gut	38:40	arg1	Composition					53:63	Impact Gut Microbiota Composition	31:63	Impact Gut Microbiota Composition	31:63	The NLR Protein NLRP6 Does Not Impact Gut Microbiota Composition.
29281815	5	35	theme	sex-biased	852:861	arg1	structure					883:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	6	36	theme	Nlrp6-/-	911:918	arg1	mice					931:934	WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice	904:934	WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice	904:934	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	4	37	dep	either	650:655	arg1	co-caged					657:664	co-caged	657:664	co-caged	657:664	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	0	38	theme	Impact	31:36	arg1	Composition					53:63	Impact Gut Microbiota Composition	31:63	Impact Gut Microbiota Composition	31:63	The NLR Protein NLRP6 Does Not Impact Gut Microbiota Composition.
29281815	6	39	theme	-induced	1000:1007	arg1	colitis					1009:1015	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis	972:1015	dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis	972:1015	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	7	40	theme	NLRP6	1106:1110	arg1	role					1098:1101	the role	1094:1101	the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control	1094:1144	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	2	41	theme	intestinal	197:206	arg1	injury					208:213	intestinal injury	197:213	intestinal injury	197:213	Previous studies reported a protective role for NLRP6 against intestinal injury and colitis-associated carcinogenesis via the regulation and establishment of a healthy microbiota.
29281815	6	42	theme	WT	904:905	arg1	mice					931:934	WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice	904:934	WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice	904:934	Moreover, WT and Nlrp6-/- littermate mice displayed comparable sensitivity to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, although increased sensitivity was noted in KO females.
29281815	7	43	theme	littermate	1194:1203	arg1	animals					1205:1211	analyzing littermate animals	1184:1211	analyzing littermate animals	1184:1211	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	5	44	from	homeostasis	800:810	arg1	microbiota					786:795	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	5	44	from	homeostasis	800:810	arg1	at					797:798	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis	771:810	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
29281815	1	45	theme	intestinal	112:121	arg1	epithelium					123:132	the intestinal epithelium	108:132	the intestinal epithelium	108:132	NLRP6 is a Nod-like receptor expressed in the intestinal epithelium.
29281815	7	46	from	role	1098:1101	arg1	microbiota					1115:1124	microbiota	1115:1124	microbiota	1115:1124	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	7	46	from	role	1098:1101	arg1	control					1138:1144	colitis control	1130:1144	colitis control	1130:1144	Our results clarify the role of NLRP6 in microbiota and colitis control, and they highlight the importance of analyzing littermate animals in such studies.
29281815	4	47	from	littermates	637:647	arg1	locations					594:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations	559:602	the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates	559:647	Here, we analyzed the microbiota at three intestinal locations from Nlrp6-/- and wild-type (WT) littermates, either co-caged or individually caged after weaning.
29281815	0	48	theme	Microbiota	42:51	arg1	Composition					53:63	Impact Gut Microbiota Composition	31:63	Impact Gut Microbiota Composition	31:63	The NLR Protein NLRP6 Does Not Impact Gut Microbiota Composition.
29281815	5	49	theme	microbial	863:871	arg1	structure					883:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure	830:891	Our results demonstrate that NLRP6 does not significantly influence the intestinal microbiota at homeostasis, and they support a previously reported sex-biased microbial community structure.
28613401	5	0	theme	vitamin	702:708	arg1	B2					710:711	vitamin B2	702:711	vitamin B2	702:711	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	7	1	from	content	972:978	arg1	milk					1005:1008	eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	983:1008	eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	983:1008	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	6	2	theme	casein	783:788	arg1	breakdown					770:778	The possible breakdown	757:778	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins	757:806	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	6	2	theme	casein	783:788	arg1	oxidation					818:826	lipid oxidation	812:826	lipid oxidation	812:826	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	6	3	theme	proteins	799:806	arg1	breakdown					770:778	The possible breakdown	757:778	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins	757:806	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	6	3	theme	proteins	799:806	arg1	oxidation					818:826	lipid oxidation	812:826	lipid oxidation	812:826	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	0	4	theme	Beam	88:91	arg1	Doses					106:110	Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses	79:110	Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses	79:110	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	7	5	theme	nutritional	1023:1033	arg1	guidelines					1035:1044	all USDA nutritional guidelines	1014:1044	all USDA nutritional guidelines	1014:1044	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	3	6	theme	eBeam	355:359	arg1	processing					361:370	eBeam processing	355:370	eBeam processing	355:370	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	8	7	theme	oxidation	1094:1102	arg1	indications					1073:1083	no indications	1070:1083	no indications of lipid oxidation	1070:1102	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	1	8	contain	contain	134:140	arg1	milk					117:120	Raw milk	113:120	Raw milk	113:120	Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens.
28613401	1	8	contain	contain	134:140	arg2	numbers					158:164	relatively high numbers	142:164	relatively high numbers	142:164	Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens.
28613401	9	9	theme	variety	1327:1333	arg1	development					1305:1315	the development	1301:1315	the development of a wide variety of off-odors	1301:1346	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	1	10	theme	high	153:156	arg1	numbers					158:164	relatively high numbers	142:164	relatively high numbers	142:164	Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens.
28613401	0	11	theme	Pasteurizing	93:104	arg1	Doses					106:110	Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses	79:110	Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses	79:110	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	4	12	theme	milk	472:475	arg1	samples					477:483	Raw milk samples	468:483	Raw milk samples	468:483	Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization.
28613401	7	13	theme	USDA	1018:1021	arg1	guidelines					1035:1044	all USDA nutritional guidelines	1014:1044	all USDA nutritional guidelines	1014:1044	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	5	14	theme	calcium	733:739	arg1	concentrations					741:754	calcium concentrations	733:754	calcium concentrations	733:754	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	4	15	theme	milk	588:591	arg1	pasteurization					593:606	raw milk pasteurization	584:606	raw milk pasteurization	584:606	Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization.
28613401	4	16	theme	Raw	468:470	arg1	samples					477:483	Raw milk samples	468:483	Raw milk samples	468:483	Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization.
28613401	2	17	theme	processing	297:306	arg1	technology					308:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	2	17	theme	processing	297:306	arg1	processing					250:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	3	18	theme	nutrient	419:426	arg1	content					428:434	nutrient content	419:434	nutrient content	419:434	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	0	19	theme	Nutrient	0:7	arg1	Profiles					9:16	Nutrient Profiles	0:16	Nutrient Profiles	0:16	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	8	20	dep	was	1145:1147	arg1	%					1168:1168	58%	1166:1168	58%	1166:1168	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	9	21	theme	lipid	1255:1259	arg1	oxidation					1261:1269	the lipid oxidation	1251:1269	the lipid oxidation	1251:1269	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	2	22	theme	food	292:295	arg1	technology					308:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	2	22	theme	food	292:295	arg1	processing					250:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	7	23	theme	eBeam-pasteurized	983:999	arg1	milk					1005:1008	eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	983:1008	eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	983:1008	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	1	24	theme	microorganisms	169:182	arg1	numbers					158:164	relatively high numbers	142:164	relatively high numbers	142:164	Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens.
28613401	0	25	theme	Volatile	22:29	arg1	Compounds					39:47	Volatile Odorous Compounds	22:47	Volatile Odorous Compounds	22:47	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	8	26	theme	storage	1197:1203	arg1	d					1179:1179	7 d	1177:1179	7 d of refrigerated storage	1177:1203	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	5	27	theme	milk	645:648	arg1	samples					650:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	2	28	theme	pasteurization	277:290	arg1	technology					308:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	2	28	theme	pasteurization	277:290	arg1	processing					250:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	9	29	theme	off-odors	1338:1346	arg1	variety					1327:1333	a wide variety	1320:1333	a wide variety of off-odors	1320:1346	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	9	29	theme	off-odors	1338:1346	arg1	off-odors					1338:1346	off-odors	1338:1346	off-odors	1338:1346	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	8	30	theme	2.0-kGy	1114:1120	arg1	treatment					1128:1136	the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment	1110:1136	the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment	1110:1136	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	9	31	theme	GC-olfactory	1228:1239	arg1	analysis					1241:1248	the GC-olfactory analysis	1224:1248	the GC-olfactory analysis	1224:1248	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	7	32	theme	raw	1001:1003	arg1	milk					1005:1008	eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	983:1008	eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	983:1008	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	5	33	from	changes	682:688	arg1	B12					723:725	vitamin B12	715:725	vitamin B12	715:725	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	5	33	from	changes	682:688	arg1	concentrations					741:754	calcium concentrations	733:754	calcium concentrations	733:754	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	5	33	from	changes	682:688	arg1	lactose					693:699	lactose	693:699	lactose	693:699	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	5	33	from	changes	682:688	arg1	B2					710:711	vitamin B2	702:711	vitamin B2	702:711	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	2	34	theme	nonthermal	266:275	arg1	technology					308:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	2	34	theme	nonthermal	266:275	arg1	processing					250:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	3	35	theme	raw	458:460	arg1	milk					462:465	raw milk	458:465	raw milk	458:465	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	4	36	theme	kGy	524:526	arg1	doses					507:511	eBeam doses	501:511	eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy	501:526	Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization.
28613401	4	37	theme	raw	584:586	arg1	pasteurization					593:606	raw milk pasteurization	584:606	raw milk pasteurization	584:606	Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization.
28613401	6	38	theme	compounds	889:897	arg1	formation					861:869	the formation	857:869	the formation of volatile aroma compounds	857:897	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	3	39	theme	aroma	441:445	arg1	profile					447:453	aroma profile	441:453	aroma profile	441:453	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	0	40	theme	Odorous	31:37	arg1	Compounds					39:47	Volatile Odorous Compounds	22:47	Volatile Odorous Compounds	22:47	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	6	41	theme	aroma	883:887	arg1	compounds					889:897	volatile aroma compounds	874:897	volatile aroma compounds	874:897	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	5	42	theme	vitamin	715:721	arg1	B12					723:725	vitamin B12	715:725	vitamin B12	715:725	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	8	43	theme	eBeam	1122:1126	arg1	treatment					1128:1136	the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment	1110:1136	the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment	1110:1136	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	8	44	theme	lipid	1088:1092	arg1	oxidation					1094:1102	lipid oxidation	1088:1102	lipid oxidation	1088:1102	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	0	45	theme	Raw	52:54	arg1	Milk					56:59	Raw Milk	52:59	Raw Milk	52:59	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	4	46	theme	eBeam	501:505	arg1	doses					507:511	eBeam doses	501:511	eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy	501:526	Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization.
28613401	5	47	theme	untreated	613:621	arg1	samples					650:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	3	48	theme	underlying	324:333	arg1	hypothesis					335:344	The underlying hypothesis	320:344	The underlying hypothesis	320:344	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	6	49	theme	lipid	812:816	arg1	oxidation					818:826	lipid oxidation	812:826	lipid oxidation	812:826	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	7	50	from	decrease	938:945	arg1	concentration					950:962	concentration	950:962	concentration	950:962	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	7	51	theme	B2	969:970	arg1	content					972:978	the B2 content	965:978	the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk	965:1008	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	7	52	theme	31.6	932:935	arg1	%					936:936	%	936:936	%	936:936	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	1	53	theme	Raw	113:115	arg1	milk					117:120	Raw milk	113:120	Raw milk	113:120	Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens.
28613401	5	54	theme	eBeam-treated	627:639	arg1	samples					650:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	7	55	theme	%	936:936	arg1	decrease					938:945	a 31.6% decrease	930:945	a 31.6% decrease in concentration	930:962	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	3	56	theme	milk	462:465	arg1	profile					447:453	aroma profile	441:453	aroma profile	441:453	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	3	56	theme	milk	462:465	arg1	composition					406:416	composition	406:416	composition	406:416	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	3	56	theme	milk	462:465	arg1	content					428:434	nutrient content	419:434	nutrient content	419:434	The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk.
28613401	9	57	theme	wide	1322:1325	arg1	variety					1327:1333	a wide variety	1320:1333	a wide variety of off-odors	1320:1346	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	9	57	theme	wide	1322:1325	arg1	off-odors					1338:1346	off-odors	1338:1346	off-odors	1338:1346	However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
28613401	5	58	theme	raw	641:643	arg1	samples					650:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples	609:656	The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations.
28613401	6	59	theme	possible	761:768	arg1	breakdown					770:778	The possible breakdown	757:778	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins	757:806	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	8	60	theme	refrigerated	1184:1195	arg1	storage					1197:1203	refrigerated storage	1184:1203	refrigerated storage	1184:1203	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	1	61	theme	microbial	207:215	arg1	pathogens					217:225	microbial pathogens	207:225	microbial pathogens	207:225	Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens.
28613401	6	62	theme	whey	794:797	arg1	proteins					799:806	whey proteins	794:806	whey proteins	794:806	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	2	63	theme	beam	237:240	arg1	technology					308:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology	264:317	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	2	63	theme	beam	237:240	arg1	processing					250:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	8	64	theme	lipid	1149:1153	arg1	oxidation					1155:1163	lipid oxidation	1149:1163	lipid oxidation	1149:1163	Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage.
28613401	0	65	theme	Milk	56:59	arg1	Compounds					39:47	Volatile Odorous Compounds	22:47	Volatile Odorous Compounds	22:47	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	0	65	theme	Milk	56:59	arg1	Profiles					9:16	Nutrient Profiles	0:16	Nutrient Profiles	0:16	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
28613401	2	66	theme	Electron	228:235	arg1	beam					237:240	Electron beam	228:240	Electron beam (eBeam) processing	228:259	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	2	66	theme	Electron	228:235	arg1	eBeam					243:247	eBeam	243:247	eBeam	243:247	Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology.
28613401	7	67	theme	vitamin	912:918	arg1	B2					920:921	vitamin B2	912:921	vitamin B2	912:921	Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines.
28613401	6	68	theme	volatile	874:881	arg1	compounds					889:897	volatile aroma compounds	874:897	volatile aroma compounds	874:897	The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds.
28613401	0	69	theme	Electron	79:86	arg1	Doses					106:110	Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses	79:110	Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses	79:110	Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses.
25456140	6	0	theme	distinct	988:995	arg1	roles					997:1001	distinct roles	988:1001	distinct roles for MreB and PBP2	988:1019	This multiscale analysis enabled identification of distinct roles for MreB and PBP2, despite having similar morphological effects when depleted.
25456140	1	1	theme	size	171:174	arg1	regulation					176:185	size regulation	171:185	size regulation	171:185	Although bacterial cell morphology is tightly controlled, the principles of size regulation remain elusive.
25456140	5	2	theme	cellular	813:820	arg1	mechanics					822:830	cellular mechanics	813:830	cellular mechanics	813:830	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	1	3	theme	regulation	176:185	arg1	principles					157:166	the principles	153:166	the principles of size regulation	153:185	Although bacterial cell morphology is tightly controlled, the principles of size regulation remain elusive.
25456140	5	4	theme	MreB	779:782	arg1	dynamics					784:791	MreB dynamics	779:791	MreB dynamics	779:791	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	4	5	theme	cell	666:669	arg1	wall					671:674	the cell wall	662:674	the cell wall	662:674	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	2	6	theme	complex	337:343	arg1	relationships					364:376	the complex genotype-phenotype relationships	333:376	the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis	333:401	In Escherichia coli, perturbation of cell-wall synthesis often results in similar morphologies, making it difficult to deconvolve the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis.
25456140	6	7	theme	morphological	1045:1057	arg1	effects					1059:1065	similar morphological effects	1037:1065	similar morphological effects	1037:1065	This multiscale analysis enabled identification of distinct roles for MreB and PBP2, despite having similar morphological effects when depleted.
25456140	5	8	theme	isotropic	916:924	arg1	wall					931:934	a more isotropic cell wall	909:934	a more isotropic cell wall	909:934	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	3	9	theme	enzyme	501:506	arg1	PBP2					508:511	the essential enzyme PBP2	487:511	the essential enzyme PBP2	487:511	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	5	10	theme	cell	794:797	arg1	twisting					799:806	cell twisting	794:806	cell twisting	794:806	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	6	11	theme	multiscale	942:951	arg1	analysis					953:960	This multiscale analysis	937:960	This multiscale analysis	937:960	This multiscale analysis enabled identification of distinct roles for MreB and PBP2, despite having similar morphological effects when depleted.
25456140	7	12	theme	cell-size	1188:1196	arg1	control					1198:1204	cell-size control	1188:1204	cell-size control	1188:1204	Altogether, our results highlight the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control.
25456140	5	13	theme	consistent	871:880	arg1	changes					863:869	systematic large-scale changes	840:869	systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall	840:934	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	5	14	theme	cell	926:929	arg1	wall					931:934	a more isotropic cell wall	909:934	a more isotropic cell wall	909:934	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	7	15	theme	physical	1158:1165	arg1	principles					1167:1176	physical principles	1158:1176	physical principles dictating cell-size control	1158:1204	Altogether, our results highlight the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control.
25456140	6	16	theme	similar	1037:1043	arg1	effects					1059:1065	similar morphological effects	1037:1065	similar morphological effects	1037:1065	This multiscale analysis enabled identification of distinct roles for MreB and PBP2, despite having similar morphological effects when depleted.
25456140	1	17	theme	bacterial	104:112	arg1	morphology					119:128	bacterial cell morphology	104:128	bacterial cell morphology	104:128	Although bacterial cell morphology is tightly controlled, the principles of size regulation remain elusive.
25456140	3	18	theme	heterologous	441:452	arg1	expression					454:463	heterologous expression	441:463	heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2	441:511	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	4	19	theme	biochemical	620:630	arg1	properties					648:657	the biochemical and biophysical properties	616:657	the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall	616:674	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	0	20	theme	cell-size	24:32	arg1	determination					34:46	bacterial cell-size determination	14:46	bacterial cell-size determination	14:46	Principles of bacterial cell-size determination revealed by cell-wall synthesis perturbations.
25456140	1	21	theme	cell	114:117	arg1	morphology					119:128	bacterial cell morphology	104:128	bacterial cell morphology	104:128	Although bacterial cell morphology is tightly controlled, the principles of size regulation remain elusive.
25456140	3	22	theme	essential	491:499	arg1	PBP2					508:511	the essential enzyme PBP2	487:511	the essential enzyme PBP2	487:511	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	3	23	theme	cell	422:425	arg1	width					427:431	cell width	422:431	cell width	422:431	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	7	24	theme	synthesis	1144:1152	arg1	robustness					1120:1129	the robustness	1116:1129	the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control	1116:1204	Altogether, our results highlight the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control.
25456140	5	25	theme	systematic	840:849	arg1	changes					863:869	systematic large-scale changes	840:869	systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall	840:934	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	3	26	theme	sublethal	525:533	arg1	treatments					535:544	sublethal treatments	525:544	sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton	525:599	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	0	27	theme	bacterial	14:22	arg1	determination					34:46	bacterial cell-size determination	14:46	bacterial cell-size determination	14:46	Principles of bacterial cell-size determination revealed by cell-wall synthesis perturbations.
25456140	4	28	theme	biophysical	636:646	arg1	properties					648:657	the biochemical and biophysical properties	616:657	the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall	616:674	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	5	29	with	consistent	871:880	arg1	chirality					895:903	altered chirality	887:903	altered chirality	887:903	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	5	29	with	consistent	871:880	arg1	wall					931:934	a more isotropic cell wall	909:934	a more isotropic cell wall	909:934	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	7	30	theme	principles	1167:1176	arg1	robustness					1120:1129	the robustness	1116:1129	the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control	1116:1204	Altogether, our results highlight the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control.
25456140	3	31	theme	sequences	468:476	arg1	expression					454:463	heterologous expression	441:463	heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2	441:511	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	4	32	theme	sizes	704:708	arg1	range					690:694	a wide range	683:694	a wide range of cell sizes	683:708	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	0	33	theme	determination	34:46	arg1	Principles					0:9	Principles	0:9	Principles of bacterial cell-size determination	0:46	Principles of bacterial cell-size determination revealed by cell-wall synthesis perturbations.
25456140	3	34	with	treatments	535:544	arg1	drugs					551:555	drugs	551:555	drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton	551:599	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25456140	2	35	theme	synthesis	250:258	arg1	perturbation					224:235	perturbation	224:235	perturbation of cell-wall synthesis	224:258	In Escherichia coli, perturbation of cell-wall synthesis often results in similar morphologies, making it difficult to deconvolve the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis.
25456140	4	36	theme	cell	699:702	arg1	sizes					704:708	cell sizes	699:708	cell sizes	699:708	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	0	37	theme	cell-wall	60:68	arg1	perturbations					80:92	cell-wall synthesis perturbations	60:92	cell-wall synthesis perturbations	60:92	Principles of bacterial cell-size determination revealed by cell-wall synthesis perturbations.
25456140	2	38	theme	cell-wall	240:248	arg1	synthesis					250:258	cell-wall synthesis	240:258	cell-wall synthesis	240:258	In Escherichia coli, perturbation of cell-wall synthesis often results in similar morphologies, making it difficult to deconvolve the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis.
25456140	7	39	theme	cell-wall	1134:1142	arg1	synthesis					1144:1152	cell-wall synthesis	1134:1152	cell-wall synthesis	1134:1152	Altogether, our results highlight the robustness of cell-wall synthesis and physical principles dictating cell-size control.
25456140	5	40	theme	large-scale	851:861	arg1	changes					863:869	systematic large-scale changes	840:869	systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall	840:934	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	5	41	theme	cell-wall	734:742	arg1	composition					753:763	cell-wall chemical composition	734:763	cell-wall chemical composition	734:763	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	5	42	theme	chemical	744:751	arg1	composition					753:763	cell-wall chemical composition	734:763	cell-wall chemical composition	734:763	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	2	43	theme	similar	277:283	arg1	morphologies					285:296	similar morphologies	277:296	similar morphologies	277:296	In Escherichia coli, perturbation of cell-wall synthesis often results in similar morphologies, making it difficult to deconvolve the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis.
25456140	2	44	theme	genotype-phenotype	345:362	arg1	relationships					364:376	the complex genotype-phenotype relationships	333:376	the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis	333:401	In Escherichia coli, perturbation of cell-wall synthesis often results in similar morphologies, making it difficult to deconvolve the complex genotype-phenotype relationships underlying morphogenesis.
25456140	4	45	theme	wall	671:674	arg1	properties					648:657	the biochemical and biophysical properties	616:657	the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall	616:674	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	4	46	theme	wide	685:688	arg1	range					690:694	a wide range	683:694	a wide range of cell sizes	683:708	We quantified the biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell wall across a wide range of cell sizes.
25456140	0	47	theme	synthesis	70:78	arg1	perturbations					80:92	cell-wall synthesis perturbations	60:92	cell-wall synthesis perturbations	60:92	Principles of bacterial cell-size determination revealed by cell-wall synthesis perturbations.
25456140	6	48	theme	roles	997:1001	arg1	identification					970:983	identification	970:983	identification of distinct roles for MreB and PBP2	970:1019	This multiscale analysis enabled identification of distinct roles for MreB and PBP2, despite having similar morphological effects when depleted.
25456140	5	49	theme	altered	887:893	arg1	chirality					895:903	altered chirality	887:903	altered chirality	887:903	We find that, although cell-wall chemical composition is unaltered, MreB dynamics, cell twisting, and cellular mechanics exhibit systematic large-scale changes consistent with altered chirality and a more isotropic cell wall.
25456140	3	50	theme	MreB	583:586	arg1	cytoskeleton					588:599	the MreB cytoskeleton	579:599	the MreB cytoskeleton	579:599	Here we modulated cell width through heterologous expression of sequences encoding the essential enzyme PBP2 and through sublethal treatments with drugs that inhibit PBP2 and the MreB cytoskeleton.
25298151	4	0	theme	successive	748:757	arg1	periods					769:775	successive lactation periods	748:775	successive lactation periods	748:775	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	0	1	theme	C	134:134	arg1	content					136:142	vitamin C content	126:142	vitamin C content in mares' milk	126:157	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	5	2	theme	higher	1030:1035	arg1	point					1046:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	8	3	theme	raw	1476:1478	arg1	milk					1466:1469	mares' milk	1459:1469	mares' milk	1459:1469	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	8	3	theme	raw	1476:1478	arg1	material					1480:1487	a raw material	1474:1487	a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals	1474:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	1	4	from	Europe	227:232	arg1	popular					208:214	popular	208:214	popular	208:214	BACKGROUND Mares' milk is becoming increasingly popular in Western Europe.
25298151	5	5	contain	had	1024:1026	arg2	concentrations					1062:1075	lower concentrations	1056:1075	lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value	1056:1148	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	5	contain	had	1024:1026	arg2	point					1046:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	5	contain	had	1024:1026	arg1	milk					969:972	milk	969:972	milk produced in autumn (September, October, November)	969:1022	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	8	6	theme	unique	1496:1501	arg1	composition					1512:1522	a unique chemical composition	1494:1522	a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals	1494:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	4	7	theme	value	812:816	arg1	levels					777:782	levels	777:782	levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity	777:852	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	1	8	theme	BACKGROUND	160:169	arg1	Mares					171:175	BACKGROUND Mares'	160:176	BACKGROUND Mares' milk	160:181	BACKGROUND Mares' milk is becoming increasingly popular in Western Europe.
25298151	7	9	theme	lyophilised	1391:1401	arg1	milk					1403:1406	lyophilised milk	1391:1406	lyophilised milk	1391:1406	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	4	10	dep	decreased	854:862	arg1	whereas					865:871	whereas	865:871	whereas	865:871	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	2	11	theme	vitamin	484:490	arg1	C					492:492	vitamin C	484:492	vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk	484:523	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	11	theme	vitamin	484:490	arg1	acid					504:507	ascorbic acid	495:507	ascorbic acid	495:507	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	12	from	content	546:552	arg1	milk					574:577	fresh and stored milk	557:577	fresh and stored milk	557:577	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	3	13	theme	chemical	678:685	arg1	components					687:696	selected chemical components	669:696	selected chemical components	669:696	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	2	14	dep	aimed	255:259	arg1	developing					439:448	developing	439:448	developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk	439:523	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	14	dep	aimed	255:259	arg1	investigating					264:276	investigating	264:276	investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk	264:429	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	4	15	theme	acidity	846:852	arg1	levels					777:782	levels	777:782	levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity	777:852	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	8	16	theme	other	1556:1560	arg1	animals					1567:1573	other farm animals	1556:1573	other farm animals	1556:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	7	17	theme	milk	1355:1358	arg1	storage					1360:1366	milk storage	1355:1366	milk storage	1355:1366	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	5	18	theme	solids	1086:1091	arg1	point					1046:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	18	theme	solids	1086:1091	arg1	concentrations					1062:1075	lower concentrations	1056:1075	lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value	1056:1148	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	7	19	from	storage	1380:1386	arg1	terms					1294:1298	terms	1294:1298	terms of vitamin C stability	1294:1321	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	4	20	theme	lactation	759:767	arg1	periods					769:775	successive lactation periods	748:775	successive lactation periods	748:775	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	4	21	theme	citric	819:824	arg1	acid					826:829	citric acid	819:829	citric acid	819:829	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	5	22	dep	November	1014:1021	arg1	October					1005:1011	September, October, November	994:1021	October	1005:1011	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	2	23	dep	mares	405:409	arg1	milk					426:429	milk	426:429	milk	426:429	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	23	dep	mares	405:409	arg1	colostrum					412:420	colostrum	412:420	colostrum	412:420	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	23	dep	mares	405:409	arg1	mares					405:409	mares	405:409	mares' colostrum and milk	405:429	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	3	24	from	effect	621:626	arg1	parameters					718:727	physicochemical parameters	702:727	physicochemical parameters of mares' milk	702:742	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	3	24	from	effect	621:626	arg1	contents					657:664	contents	657:664	contents of selected chemical components	657:696	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	2	25	theme	chemical	325:332	arg1	composition					334:344	chemical composition	325:344	chemical composition	325:344	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	4	26	theme	vitamin	895:901	arg1	C					903:903	vitamin C	895:903	vitamin C	895:903	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	2	27	theme	season	315:320	arg1	stage					292:296	stage	292:296	stage of lactation and season	292:320	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	1	28	theme	Western	219:225	arg1	Europe					227:232	Western Europe	219:232	Western Europe	219:232	BACKGROUND Mares' milk is becoming increasingly popular in Western Europe.
25298151	5	29	dep	produced	1172:1179	arg1	August					1204:1209	August	1204:1209	August	1204:1209	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	29	dep	produced	1172:1179	arg1	July					1198:1201	July	1198:1201	July	1198:1201	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	29	dep	produced	1172:1179	arg1	milk					1167:1170	milk	1167:1170	milk produced in summer (June, July, August)	1167:1210	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	30	theme	citric	1121:1126	arg1	acid					1128:1131	citric acid	1121:1131	citric acid	1121:1131	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	30	theme	citric	1121:1126	arg1	solids					1086:1091	total solids	1080:1091	total solids	1080:1091	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	2	31	theme	cell	355:358	arg1	count					360:364	somatic cell count	347:364	somatic cell count	347:364	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	0	32	theme	stage	13:17	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method	0:101	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	32	theme	stage	13:17	arg1	time					107:110	time	107:110	time	107:110	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	3	33	dep	RESULTS	580:586	arg1	showed					611:616	showed	611:616	showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk	611:742	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	7	34	theme	C	1311:1311	arg1	stability					1313:1321	vitamin C stability	1303:1321	vitamin C stability	1303:1321	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	0	35	theme	lactation	22:30	arg1	stage					13:17	stage	13:17	stage of lactation and year season	13:46	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	4	36	theme	lactose	883:889	arg1	point					930:934	the freezing point	917:934	the freezing point	917:934	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	4	36	theme	lactose	883:889	arg1	levels					873:878	levels	873:878	levels of lactose and vitamin C	873:903	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	0	37	theme	year	36:39	arg1	stage					13:17	stage	13:17	stage of lactation and year season	13:46	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	38	dep	lactation	22:30	arg1	season					41:46	season	41:46	season	41:46	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	2	39	theme	lactation	301:309	arg1	stage					292:296	stage	292:296	stage of lactation and season	292:320	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	6	40	theme	somatic	1250:1256	arg1	count					1263:1267	low somatic cell count	1246:1267	low somatic cell count	1246:1267	Mares' milk was characterised by low somatic cell count throughout lactation.
25298151	2	41	theme	stage	292:296	arg1	impact					282:287	the impact	278:287	the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk	278:429	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	5	42	theme	freezing	1037:1044	arg1	point					1046:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	a higher freezing point	1028:1050	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	2	43	theme	ascorbic	495:502	arg1	C					492:492	vitamin C	484:492	vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk	484:523	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	43	theme	ascorbic	495:502	arg1	acid					504:507	ascorbic acid	495:507	ascorbic acid	495:507	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	44	from	impact	282:287	arg1	count					360:364	somatic cell count	347:364	somatic cell count	347:364	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	44	from	impact	282:287	arg1	parameters					391:400	some physicochemical parameters	370:400	some physicochemical parameters	370:400	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	44	from	impact	282:287	arg1	composition					334:344	chemical composition	325:344	chemical composition	325:344	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	3	45	theme	stage	635:639	arg1	effect					621:626	an effect	618:626	an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk	618:742	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	1	46	from	popular	208:214	arg1	Europe					227:232	Western Europe	219:232	Western Europe	219:232	BACKGROUND Mares' milk is becoming increasingly popular in Western Europe.
25298151	7	47	theme	milk	1403:1406	arg1	method					1345:1350	the most advantageous method	1323:1350	the most advantageous method of milk storage	1323:1366	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	7	47	theme	milk	1403:1406	arg1	storage					1380:1386	6-month storage	1372:1386	6-month storage of lyophilised milk	1372:1406	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	4	48	theme	cholesterol	792:802	arg1	levels					777:782	levels	777:782	levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity	777:852	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	4	49	theme	energy	805:810	arg1	value					812:816	energy value	805:816	energy value	805:816	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	8	50	from	that	1539:1542	arg1	different					1524:1532	different	1524:1532	different	1524:1532	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	0	51	theme	storage	115:121	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method	0:101	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	51	theme	storage	115:121	arg1	time					107:110	time	107:110	time	107:110	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	8	52	theme	chemical	1503:1510	arg1	composition					1512:1522	a unique chemical composition	1494:1522	a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals	1494:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	0	53	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	content					136:142	vitamin C content	126:142	vitamin C content in mares' milk	126:157	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	53	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	method					96:101	method	96:101	method	96:101	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	53	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	composition					51:61	composition	51:61	composition of mares' colostrum and milk	51:90	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	7	54	theme	6-month	1372:1378	arg1	method					1345:1350	the most advantageous method	1323:1350	the most advantageous method of milk storage	1323:1366	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	7	54	theme	6-month	1372:1378	arg1	storage					1380:1386	6-month storage	1372:1386	6-month storage of lyophilised milk	1372:1406	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	2	55	theme	C	492:492	arg1	determination					467:479	the determination	463:479	the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk	463:523	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	3	56	theme	lactation	644:652	arg1	stage					635:639	the stage	631:639	the stage of lactation	631:652	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	0	57	theme	vitamin	126:132	arg1	content					136:142	vitamin C content	126:142	vitamin C content in mares' milk	126:157	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	8	58	theme	different	1524:1532	arg1	composition					1512:1522	a unique chemical composition	1494:1522	a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals	1494:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	7	59	theme	storage	1360:1366	arg1	method					1345:1350	the most advantageous method	1323:1350	the most advantageous method of milk storage	1323:1366	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	7	59	theme	storage	1360:1366	arg1	storage					1380:1386	6-month storage	1372:1386	6-month storage of lyophilised milk	1372:1406	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	4	60	theme	fat	787:789	arg1	levels					777:782	levels	777:782	levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity	777:852	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	3	61	theme	components	687:696	arg1	parameters					718:727	physicochemical parameters	702:727	physicochemical parameters of mares' milk	702:742	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	3	61	theme	components	687:696	arg1	contents					657:664	contents	657:664	contents of selected chemical components	657:696	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	4	62	theme	titratable	835:844	arg1	acidity					846:852	titratable acidity	835:852	titratable acidity	835:852	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	5	63	theme	total	1080:1084	arg1	value					1144:1148	energy value	1137:1148	energy value	1137:1148	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	63	theme	total	1080:1084	arg1	solids					1086:1091	total solids	1080:1091	total solids	1080:1091	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	63	theme	total	1080:1084	arg1	protein					1094:1100	protein	1094:1100	protein	1094:1100	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	63	theme	total	1080:1084	arg1	acid					1128:1131	citric acid	1121:1131	citric acid	1121:1131	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	63	theme	total	1080:1084	arg1	fat					1103:1105	fat	1103:1105	fat	1103:1105	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	63	theme	total	1080:1084	arg1	cholesterol					1108:1118	cholesterol	1108:1118	cholesterol	1108:1118	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	3	64	theme	selected	669:676	arg1	components					687:696	selected chemical components	669:696	selected chemical components	669:696	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	0	65	theme	mares	66:70	arg1	composition					51:61	composition	51:61	composition of mares' colostrum and milk	51:90	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	65	theme	mares	66:70	arg1	method					96:101	method	96:101	method	96:101	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	8	66	dep	CONCLUSION	1409:1418	arg1	general					1423:1429	general	1423:1429	general	1423:1429	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	7	67	theme	advantageous	1332:1343	arg1	method					1345:1350	the most advantageous method	1323:1350	the most advantageous method of milk storage	1323:1366	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	7	67	theme	advantageous	1332:1343	arg1	storage					1380:1386	6-month storage	1372:1386	6-month storage of lyophilised milk	1372:1406	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	8	68	theme	farm	1562:1565	arg1	animals					1567:1573	other farm animals	1556:1573	other farm animals	1556:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	5	69	theme	energy	1137:1142	arg1	value					1144:1148	energy value	1137:1148	energy value	1137:1148	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	5	69	theme	energy	1137:1142	arg1	solids					1086:1091	total solids	1080:1091	total solids	1080:1091	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	3	70	theme	physicochemical	702:716	arg1	parameters					718:727	physicochemical parameters	702:727	physicochemical parameters of mares' milk	702:742	RESULTS The analysis conducted showed an effect of the stage of lactation on contents of selected chemical components and physicochemical parameters of mares' milk.
25298151	4	71	theme	acid	826:829	arg1	levels					777:782	levels	777:782	levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity	777:852	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	2	72	theme	stored	567:572	arg1	milk					574:577	fresh and stored milk	557:577	fresh and stored milk	557:577	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	0	73	dep	mares	66:70	arg1	colostrum					73:81	colostrum	73:81	colostrum	73:81	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	73	dep	mares	66:70	arg1	mares					66:70	mares	66:70	mares' colostrum and milk	66:90	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	73	dep	mares	66:70	arg1	milk					87:90	milk	87:90	milk	87:90	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	8	74	with	material	1480:1487	arg1	composition					1512:1522	a unique chemical composition	1494:1522	a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals	1494:1573	CONCLUSION In general, the results confirmed that mares' milk is a raw material with a unique chemical composition different from that produced by other farm animals.
25298151	2	75	theme	fresh	557:561	arg1	milk					574:577	fresh and stored milk	557:577	fresh and stored milk	557:577	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	4	76	theme	C	903:903	arg1	point					930:934	the freezing point	917:934	the freezing point	917:934	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	4	76	theme	C	903:903	arg1	levels					873:878	levels	873:878	levels of lactose and vitamin C	873:903	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	2	77	theme	somatic	347:353	arg1	count					360:364	somatic cell count	347:364	somatic cell count	347:364	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	7	78	theme	stability	1313:1321	arg1	terms					1294:1298	terms	1294:1298	terms of vitamin C stability	1294:1321	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	5	79	dep	milk	1167:1170	arg1	comparison					1153:1162	comparison	1153:1162	comparison	1153:1162	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	2	80	theme	mares	405:409	arg1	count					360:364	somatic cell count	347:364	somatic cell count	347:364	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	80	theme	mares	405:409	arg1	parameters					391:400	some physicochemical parameters	370:400	some physicochemical parameters	370:400	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	2	80	theme	mares	405:409	arg1	composition					334:344	chemical composition	325:344	chemical composition	325:344	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	7	81	theme	vitamin	1303:1309	arg1	stability					1313:1321	vitamin C stability	1303:1321	vitamin C stability	1303:1321	In terms of vitamin C stability the most advantageous method of milk storage was 6-month storage of lyophilised milk.
25298151	4	82	theme	freezing	921:928	arg1	point					930:934	the freezing point	917:934	the freezing point	917:934	In successive lactation periods levels of fat, cholesterol, energy value, citric acid and titratable acidity decreased, whereas levels of lactose and vitamin C, as well as the freezing point, increased.
25298151	0	83	from	time	107:110	arg1	content					136:142	vitamin C content	126:142	vitamin C content in mares' milk	126:157	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	83	from	time	107:110	arg1	method					96:101	method	96:101	method	96:101	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	0	83	from	time	107:110	arg1	composition					51:61	composition	51:61	composition of mares' colostrum and milk	51:90	Influence of stage of lactation and year season on composition of mares' colostrum and milk and method and time of storage on vitamin C content in mares' milk.
25298151	6	84	theme	cell	1258:1261	arg1	count					1263:1267	low somatic cell count	1246:1267	low somatic cell count	1246:1267	Mares' milk was characterised by low somatic cell count throughout lactation.
25298151	5	85	theme	lower	1056:1060	arg1	concentrations					1062:1075	lower concentrations	1056:1075	lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value	1056:1148	Analysis showed that milk produced in autumn (September, October, November) had a higher freezing point and lower concentrations of total solids, protein, fat, cholesterol, citric acid and energy value in comparison to milk produced in summer (June, July, August).
25298151	2	86	theme	physicochemical	375:389	arg1	parameters					391:400	some physicochemical parameters	370:400	some physicochemical parameters	370:400	This study was thus aimed at investigating the impact of stage of lactation and season on chemical composition, somatic cell count and some physicochemical parameters of mares' colostrum and milk, and at developing a method for the determination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in mares' milk and to determine its content in fresh and stored milk.
25298151	6	87	theme	low	1246:1248	arg1	count					1263:1267	low somatic cell count	1246:1267	low somatic cell count	1246:1267	Mares' milk was characterised by low somatic cell count throughout lactation.
28195138	8	0	theme	pigment	1219:1225	arg1	absorption					1184:1193	Higher absorption	1177:1193	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment	1177:1225	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	4	1	theme	significant	629:639	arg1	factors					641:647	The most significant factors	620:647	The most significant factors affecting melanin production	620:676	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	4	1	theme	significant	629:639	arg1	period					693:698	incubation period	682:698	incubation period	682:698	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	6	2	theme	central	993:999	arg1	runs					1007:1010	the central point runs	989:1010	the central point runs	989:1010	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	3	theme	melanin	895:901	arg1	31.650 μg/0.1 ml					915:930	31.650 μg/0.1 ml	915:930	31.650 μg/0.1 ml	915:930	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	3	theme	melanin	895:901	arg1	production					903:912	The maximum melanin production	883:912	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml)	883:931	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	3	4	theme	Streptomyces	587:598	arg1	NEAE-H					612:617	Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	587:617	Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	587:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	4	5	theme	ammonium	729:736	arg1	citrate					738:744	ferric ammonium citrate	722:744	ferric ammonium citrate	722:744	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	1	6	theme	present	197:203	arg1	study					205:209	this present study	192:209	this present study	192:209	In this present study, a newly isolated strain, Streptomyces sp.
28195138	11	7	dep	In	1419:1420	arg1	vitro					1422:1426	vitro	1422:1426	vitro	1422:1426	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	2	8	theme	melanin	318:324	arg1	pigment					326:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	5	9	theme	variables	779:787	arg1	levels					751:756	The levels	747:756	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects	747:817	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	2	10	theme	black	298:302	arg1	pigment					326:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	6	11	theme	period	1047:1052	arg1	conditions					1022:1031	the conditions	1018:1031	the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L)	1018:1125	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	9	12	theme	small	1296:1300	arg1	spheres					1302:1308	defined small spheres	1288:1308	defined small spheres	1288:1308	It appeared to have defined small spheres by scanning electron microscopy imaging.
28195138	9	13	theme	electron	1322:1329	arg1	microscopy					1331:1340	scanning electron microscopy	1313:1340	scanning electron microscopy imaging	1313:1348	It appeared to have defined small spheres by scanning electron microscopy imaging.
28195138	3	14	dep	Streptomyces	587:598	arg1	glaucescens					600:610	glaucescens	600:610	glaucescens	600:610	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	9	15	contain	have	1283:1286	arg1	It					1268:1269	It	1268:1269	It	1268:1269	It appeared to have defined small spheres by scanning electron microscopy imaging.
28195138	9	15	contain	have	1283:1286	arg2	spheres					1302:1308	defined small spheres	1288:1308	defined small spheres	1288:1308	It appeared to have defined small spheres by scanning electron microscopy imaging.
28195138	0	16	theme	melanin	88:94	arg1	pigment					96:102	extracellular melanin pigment	74:102	extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories	74:154	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	6	17	theme	protease-peptone	1064:1079	arg1	conditions					1022:1031	the conditions	1018:1031	the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L)	1018:1125	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	5	18	theme	effects	811:817	arg1	levels					751:756	The levels	747:756	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects	747:817	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	12	19	theme	standard	1600:1607	arg1	5-fluorouracil					1609:1622	standard 5-fluorouracil	1600:1622	standard 5-fluorouracil	1600:1622	The IC50 value was 16.34 ± 1.31 μg/ml for melanin and 8.8 ± 0.5 μg/ml for standard 5-fluorouracil.
28195138	3	20	theme	initial	473:479	arg1	screening					481:489	initial screening	473:489	initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	473:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	11	21	theme	cancer	1492:1497	arg1	line					1504:1507	skin cancer cell line	1487:1507	skin cancer cell line using MTT assay	1487:1523	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	3	22	theme	independent	497:507	arg1	variables					520:528	17 independent (assigned) variables	494:528	17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	494:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	3	23	theme	pigment	565:571	arg1	production					573:582	melanin pigment production	557:582	melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	557:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	11	24	theme	MTT	1515:1517	arg1	assay					1519:1523	MTT assay	1515:1523	MTT assay	1515:1523	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	10	25	theme	melanin	1363:1369	arg1	yield					1371:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	10	25	theme	melanin	1363:1369	arg1	wt/L					1392:1395	350 mg dry wt/L	1381:1395	350 mg dry wt/L of production medium	1381:1416	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	6	26	theme	ammonium	1100:1107	arg1	0.5 g/L					1118:1124	0.5 g/L	1118:1124	0.5 g/L	1118:1124	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	26	theme	ammonium	1100:1107	arg1	citrate					1109:1115	ferric ammonium citrate	1093:1115	ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L)	1093:1125	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	3	27	theme	Plackett-Burman	420:434	arg1	design					448:453	Plackett-Burman statistical design	420:453	Plackett-Burman statistical design	420:453	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	3	28	theme	variables	520:528	arg1	screening					481:489	initial screening	473:489	initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	473:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	29	theme	antioxidant	48:58	arg1	activities					60:69	antioxidant activities	48:69	antioxidant activities	48:69	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	12	30	theme	IC50	1530:1533	arg1	value					1535:1539	The IC50 value	1526:1539	The IC50 value	1526:1539	The IC50 value was 16.34 ± 1.31 μg/ml for melanin and 8.8 ± 0.5 μg/ml for standard 5-fluorouracil.
28195138	12	30	theme	IC50	1530:1533	arg1	16.34 ± 1.31 μg/ml					1545:1562	16.34 ± 1.31 μg/ml	1545:1562	16.34 ± 1.31 μg/ml for melanin and 8.8 ± 0.5 μg/ml for standard 5-fluorouracil	1545:1622	The IC50 value was 16.34 ± 1.31 μg/ml for melanin and 8.8 ± 0.5 μg/ml for standard 5-fluorouracil.
28195138	10	31	theme	dry	1388:1390	arg1	yield					1371:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	10	31	theme	dry	1388:1390	arg1	wt/L					1392:1395	350 mg dry wt/L	1381:1395	350 mg dry wt/L of production medium	1381:1416	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	2	32	theme	peptone-yeast	337:349	arg1	agar					364:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	4	33	theme	melanin	659:665	arg1	production					667:676	melanin production	659:676	melanin production	659:676	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	11	34	theme	anticancer	1428:1437	arg1	activity					1439:1446	In vitro anticancer activity	1419:1446	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment	1419:1465	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	5	35	theme	face-centered	843:855	arg1	design					875:880	face-centered central composite design	843:880	face-centered central composite design	843:880	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	10	36	theme	medium	1411:1416	arg1	yield					1371:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	10	36	theme	medium	1411:1416	arg1	wt/L					1392:1395	350 mg dry wt/L	1381:1395	350 mg dry wt/L of production medium	1381:1416	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	8	37	theme	melanin	1211:1217	arg1	pigment					1219:1225	the purified melanin pigment	1198:1225	the purified melanin pigment	1198:1225	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	6	38	theme	point	1001:1005	arg1	runs					1007:1010	the central point runs	989:1010	the central point runs	989:1010	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	3	39	from	significances	540:552	arg1	production					573:582	melanin pigment production	557:582	melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	557:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	11	40	theme	pigment	1459:1465	arg1	activity					1439:1446	In vitro anticancer activity	1419:1446	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment	1419:1465	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	2	41	theme	iron	359:362	arg1	agar					364:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	6	42	theme	maximum	887:893	arg1	31.650 μg/0.1 ml					915:930	31.650 μg/0.1 ml	915:930	31.650 μg/0.1 ml	915:930	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	42	theme	maximum	887:893	arg1	production					903:912	The maximum melanin production	883:912	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml)	883:931	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	2	43	theme	high	283:286	arg1	amount					288:293	high amount	283:293	high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar	283:367	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	2	43	theme	high	283:286	arg1	pigment					326:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	4	44	theme	ferric	722:727	arg1	citrate					738:744	ferric ammonium citrate	722:744	ferric ammonium citrate	722:744	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	5	45	theme	central	857:863	arg1	design					875:880	face-centered central composite design	843:880	face-centered central composite design	843:880	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	2	46	theme	pigment	326:332	arg1	amount					288:293	high amount	283:293	high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar	283:367	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	2	46	theme	pigment	326:332	arg1	pigment					326:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	8	47	theme	UV	1247:1248	arg1	region					1250:1255	the UV region	1243:1255	the UV region	1243:1255	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	6	48	theme	tyrosinase	937:946	arg1	6089.10 U/ml					958:969	6089.10 U/ml	958:969	6089.10 U/ml	958:969	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	48	theme	tyrosinase	937:946	arg1	activity					948:955	tyrosinase activity	937:955	tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml)	937:970	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	7	49	theme	Melanin	1128:1134	arg1	pigment					1136:1142	Melanin pigment	1128:1142	Melanin pigment	1128:1142	Melanin pigment was recovered by acid-treatment.
28195138	2	50	theme	extracellular	304:316	arg1	pigment					326:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	black extracellular melanin pigment	298:332	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	11	51	theme	In	1419:1420	arg1	activity					1439:1446	In vitro anticancer activity	1419:1446	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment	1419:1465	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	9	52	theme	defined	1288:1294	arg1	spheres					1302:1308	defined small spheres	1288:1308	defined small spheres	1288:1308	It appeared to have defined small spheres by scanning electron microscopy imaging.
28195138	1	53	theme	isolated	220:227	arg1	sp					250:251	Streptomyces sp	237:251	Streptomyces sp	237:251	In this present study, a newly isolated strain, Streptomyces sp.
28195138	1	53	theme	isolated	220:227	arg1	strain					229:234	a newly isolated strain	212:234	a newly isolated strain	212:234	In this present study, a newly isolated strain, Streptomyces sp.
28195138	6	54	theme	incubation	1036:1045	arg1	period					1047:1052	incubation period	1036:1052	incubation period (6 days)	1036:1061	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	54	theme	incubation	1036:1045	arg1	days					1057:1060	6 days	1055:1060	6 days	1055:1060	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	0	55	theme	cell	141:144	arg1	factories					146:154	newly isolated microbial cell factories	116:154	newly isolated microbial cell factories	116:154	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	9	56	theme	scanning	1313:1320	arg1	microscopy					1331:1340	scanning electron microscopy	1313:1340	scanning electron microscopy imaging	1313:1348	It appeared to have defined small spheres by scanning electron microscopy imaging.
28195138	0	57	dep	NEAE-H	181:186	arg1	characterization					15:30	characterization	15:30	characterization	15:30	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	57	dep	NEAE-H	181:186	arg1	Bioproduction					0:12	Bioproduction	0:12	Bioproduction	0:12	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	57	dep	NEAE-H	181:186	arg1	anticancer					33:42	anticancer	33:42	anticancer	33:42	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	57	dep	NEAE-H	181:186	arg1	activities					60:69	antioxidant activities	48:69	antioxidant activities	48:69	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	6	58	theme	ferric	1093:1098	arg1	0.5 g/L					1118:1124	0.5 g/L	1118:1124	0.5 g/L	1118:1124	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	6	58	theme	ferric	1093:1098	arg1	citrate					1109:1115	ferric ammonium citrate	1093:1115	ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L)	1093:1125	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	0	59	theme	extracellular	74:86	arg1	pigment					96:102	extracellular melanin pigment	74:102	extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories	74:154	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	2	60	from	amount	288:293	arg1	agar					364:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	5	61	theme	significant	767:777	arg1	variables					779:787	these significant variables	761:787	these significant variables	761:787	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	0	62	theme	pigment	96:102	arg1	characterization					15:30	characterization	15:30	characterization	15:30	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	62	theme	pigment	96:102	arg1	Bioproduction					0:12	Bioproduction	0:12	Bioproduction	0:12	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	62	theme	pigment	96:102	arg1	anticancer					33:42	anticancer	33:42	anticancer	33:42	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	62	theme	pigment	96:102	arg1	activities					60:69	antioxidant activities	48:69	antioxidant activities	48:69	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	0	63	theme	microbial	131:139	arg1	factories					146:154	newly isolated microbial cell factories	116:154	newly isolated microbial cell factories	116:154	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	5	64	theme	interaction	799:809	arg1	effects					811:817	their interaction effects	793:817	their interaction effects	793:817	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	1	65	dep	strain	229:234	arg1	study					205:209	this present study	192:209	this present study	192:209	In this present study, a newly isolated strain, Streptomyces sp.
28195138	10	66	theme	maximum	1355:1361	arg1	yield					1371:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	10	66	theme	maximum	1355:1361	arg1	wt/L					1392:1395	350 mg dry wt/L	1381:1395	350 mg dry wt/L of production medium	1381:1416	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	0	67	theme	isolated	122:129	arg1	factories					146:154	newly isolated microbial cell factories	116:154	newly isolated microbial cell factories	116:154	Bioproduction, characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of extracellular melanin pigment produced by newly isolated microbial cell factories Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	11	68	theme	cell	1499:1502	arg1	line					1504:1507	skin cancer cell line	1487:1507	skin cancer cell line using MTT assay	1487:1523	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	3	69	dep	variables	520:528	arg1	assigned					510:517	assigned	510:517	assigned	510:517	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	11	70	theme	skin	1487:1490	arg1	line					1504:1507	skin cancer cell line	1487:1507	skin cancer cell line using MTT assay	1487:1523	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	8	71	located	observed	1231:1238	arg1	250 nm					1260:1265	250 nm	1260:1265	250 nm	1260:1265	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	8	71	located	observed	1231:1238	arg2	absorption					1184:1193	Higher absorption	1177:1193	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment	1177:1225	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	8	71	located	observed	1231:1238	arg1	region					1250:1255	the UV region	1243:1255	the UV region	1243:1255	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	10	72	theme	350 mg	1381:1386	arg1	yield					1371:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield	1351:1375	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	10	72	theme	350 mg	1381:1386	arg1	wt/L					1392:1395	350 mg dry wt/L	1381:1395	350 mg dry wt/L of production medium	1381:1416	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	2	73	theme	Streptomyces	387:398	arg1	NEAE-H					412:417	Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	387:417	Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	387:417	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	5	74	theme	composite	865:873	arg1	design					875:880	face-centered central composite design	843:880	face-centered central composite design	843:880	The levels of these significant variables and their interaction effects were optimized by using face-centered central composite design.
28195138	6	75	theme	citrate	1109:1115	arg1	conditions					1022:1031	the conditions	1018:1031	the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L)	1018:1125	The maximum melanin production (31.650 μg/0.1 ml) and tyrosinase activity (6089.10 U/ml) were achieved in the central point runs under the conditions of incubation period (6 days), protease-peptone (5 g/L) and ferric ammonium citrate (0.5 g/L).
28195138	10	76	theme	production	1400:1409	arg1	medium					1411:1416	production medium	1400:1416	production medium	1400:1416	The maximum melanin yield was 350 mg dry wt/L of production medium.
28195138	8	77	theme	Higher	1177:1182	arg1	absorption					1184:1193	Higher absorption	1177:1193	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment	1177:1225	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	3	78	theme	statistical	436:446	arg1	design					448:453	Plackett-Burman statistical design	420:453	Plackett-Burman statistical design	420:453	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	2	79	theme	extract	351:357	arg1	agar					364:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	peptone-yeast extract iron agar	337:367	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	2	80	dep	Streptomyces	387:398	arg1	glaucescens					400:410	glaucescens	400:410	glaucescens	400:410	NEAE-H, capable of producing high amount of black extracellular melanin pigment on peptone-yeast extract iron agar and identified as Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
28195138	1	81	theme	Streptomyces	237:248	arg1	sp					250:251	Streptomyces sp	237:251	Streptomyces sp	237:251	In this present study, a newly isolated strain, Streptomyces sp.
28195138	1	81	theme	Streptomyces	237:248	arg1	strain					229:234	a newly isolated strain	212:234	a newly isolated strain	212:234	In this present study, a newly isolated strain, Streptomyces sp.
28195138	8	82	theme	purified	1202:1209	arg1	pigment					1219:1225	the purified melanin pigment	1198:1225	the purified melanin pigment	1198:1225	Higher absorption of the purified melanin pigment was observed in the UV region at 250 nm.
28195138	4	83	theme	incubation	682:691	arg1	factors					641:647	The most significant factors	620:647	The most significant factors affecting melanin production	620:676	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	4	83	theme	incubation	682:691	arg1	period					693:698	incubation period	682:698	incubation period	682:698	The most significant factors affecting melanin production are incubation period, protease-peptone and ferric ammonium citrate.
28195138	11	84	theme	melanin	1451:1457	arg1	pigment					1459:1465	melanin pigment	1451:1465	melanin pigment	1451:1465	In vitro anticancer activity of melanin pigment was assayed against skin cancer cell line using MTT assay.
28195138	3	85	theme	melanin	557:563	arg1	pigment					565:571	melanin pigment	557:571	melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H	557:617	Plackett-Burman statistical design was conducted for initial screening of 17 independent (assigned) variables for their significances on melanin pigment production by Streptomyces glaucescens NEAE-H.
25908240	6	0	theme	saccharification	1076:1091	arg1	efficiency					1093:1102	saccharification efficiency	1076:1102	saccharification efficiency	1076:1102	When saccharification efficiency was correlated negatively with lignin, the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan were found to contribute positively to hydrolysis.
25908240	2	1	theme	information	338:348	arg1	barriers					290:297	the key barriers	282:297	the key barriers to producing bioethanol	282:321	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	2	1	theme	information	338:348	arg1	lack					330:333	the lack	326:333	the lack of information about cell wall structure	326:374	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	2	1	theme	information	338:348	arg1	one					275:277	one	275:277	one	275:277	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	5	2	theme	analytical	963:972	arg1	composition					1008:1018	monosaccharide composition	993:1018	monosaccharide composition	993:1018	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	2	theme	analytical	963:972	arg1	profiling					1037:1045	oligosaccharide profiling	1021:1045	oligosaccharide profiling	1021:1045	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	2	theme	analytical	963:972	arg1	techniques					974:983	quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques	938:983	quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling	938:1068	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	2	theme	analytical	963:972	arg1	profiling					1060:1068	glycome profiling	1052:1068	glycome profiling	1052:1068	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	3	3	theme	complexity	484:493	arg1	level					475:479	a very high level	463:479	a very high level of complexity	463:493	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	3	4	from	diversity	515:523	arg1	architectures					538:550	cell wall architectures	528:550	cell wall architectures	528:550	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	1	5	theme	bioethanol	254:263	arg1	production					240:249	production	240:249	production of bioethanol	240:263	The production of bioenergy from grasses has been developing quickly during the last decade, with Miscanthus being among the most important choices for production of bioethanol.
25908240	8	6	theme	distinct	1431:1438	arg1	interactions					1440:1451	distinct interactions	1431:1451	distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis	1431:1530	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	1	7	theme	bioenergy	106:114	arg1	production					92:101	The production	88:101	The production of bioenergy from grasses	88:127	The production of bioenergy from grasses has been developing quickly during the last decade, with Miscanthus being among the most important choices for production of bioethanol.
25908240	5	8	theme	saccharification	870:885	arg1	efficiency					887:896	saccharification efficiency	870:896	saccharification efficiency	870:896	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	3	9	theme	wall	533:536	arg1	architectures					538:550	cell wall architectures	528:550	cell wall architectures	528:550	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	1	10	theme	last	168:171	arg1	decade					173:178	the last decade	164:178	the last decade	164:178	The production of bioenergy from grasses has been developing quickly during the last decade, with Miscanthus being among the most important choices for production of bioethanol.
25908240	4	11	theme	different	648:656	arg1	genotypes					658:666	different genotypes	648:666	different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis	648:689	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	5	12	theme	different	809:817	arg1	patterns					819:826	different patterns	809:826	different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency	809:896	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	4	13	theme	techniques	586:595	arg1	set					569:571	a set	567:571	a set of different techniques	567:595	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	4	13	theme	techniques	586:595	arg1	techniques					586:595	different techniques	576:595	different techniques	576:595	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	5	14	theme	correlation	831:841	arg1	patterns					819:826	different patterns	809:826	different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency	809:896	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	3	15	theme	great	509:513	arg1	diversity					515:523	great diversity	509:523	great diversity in cell wall architectures	509:550	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	0	16	theme	cell	4:7	arg1	complexity					14:23	cell wall complexity	4:23	cell wall complexity	4:23	How cell wall complexity influences saccharification efficiency in Miscanthus sinensis.
25908240	7	17	theme	such	1267:1270	arg1	correlation					1272:1282	such correlation	1267:1282	such correlation	1267:1282	In the absence of such correlation, different types of pectins, and some mannans contributed to saccharification efficiency.
25908240	2	18	theme	producing	302:310	arg1	bioethanol					312:321	producing bioethanol	302:321	producing bioethanol	302:321	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	5	19	theme	lignin	851:856	arg1	content					858:864	lignin content	851:864	lignin content	851:864	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	3	20	theme	Cell	377:380	arg1	walls					382:386	Cell walls	377:386	Cell walls	377:386	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	1	21	from	grasses	121:127	arg1	production					92:101	The production	88:101	The production of bioenergy from grasses	88:127	The production of bioenergy from grasses has been developing quickly during the last decade, with Miscanthus being among the most important choices for production of bioethanol.
25908240	3	22	theme	compositional	411:423	arg1	differences					425:435	compositional differences	411:435	compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures	411:550	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	3	23	theme	cell	528:531	arg1	architectures					538:550	cell wall architectures	528:550	cell wall architectures	528:550	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	7	24	theme	saccharification	1345:1360	arg1	efficiency					1362:1371	saccharification efficiency	1345:1371	saccharification efficiency	1345:1371	In the absence of such correlation, different types of pectins, and some mannans contributed to saccharification efficiency.
25908240	0	25	theme	wall	9:12	arg1	complexity					14:23	cell wall complexity	4:23	cell wall complexity	4:23	How cell wall complexity influences saccharification efficiency in Miscanthus sinensis.
25908240	2	26	theme	key	286:288	arg1	barriers					290:297	the key barriers	282:297	the key barriers to producing bioethanol	282:321	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	4	27	theme	walls	639:643	arg1	complexity					620:629	the complexity	616:629	the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis	616:689	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	0	28	theme	saccharification	36:51	arg1	efficiency					53:62	saccharification efficiency	36:62	saccharification efficiency	36:62	How cell wall complexity influences saccharification efficiency in Miscanthus sinensis.
25908240	4	29	theme	genotypes	658:666	arg1	walls					639:643	cell walls	634:643	cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis	634:689	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	6	30	theme	arabinoxylan	1170:1181	arg1	features					1158:1165	the structural features	1143:1165	the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan	1143:1196	When saccharification efficiency was correlated negatively with lignin, the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan were found to contribute positively to hydrolysis.
25908240	8	31	theme	Different	1374:1382	arg1	genotypes					1384:1392	Different genotypes	1374:1392	Different genotypes of M. sinensis	1374:1407	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	2	32	theme	wall	361:364	arg1	structure					366:374	cell wall structure	356:374	cell wall structure	356:374	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	8	33	theme	wall	1516:1519	arg1	hydrolysis					1521:1530	cell wall hydrolysis	1511:1530	cell wall hydrolysis	1511:1530	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	8	34	theme	sinensis	1400:1407	arg1	genotypes					1384:1392	Different genotypes	1374:1392	Different genotypes of M. sinensis	1374:1407	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	8	35	theme	cell	1511:1514	arg1	hydrolysis					1521:1530	cell wall hydrolysis	1511:1530	cell wall hydrolysis	1511:1530	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	5	36	theme	glycome	1052:1058	arg1	profiling					1060:1068	glycome profiling	1052:1068	glycome profiling	1052:1068	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	6	37	theme	structural	1147:1156	arg1	features					1158:1165	the structural features	1143:1165	the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan	1143:1196	When saccharification efficiency was correlated negatively with lignin, the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan were found to contribute positively to hydrolysis.
25908240	3	38	theme	high	470:473	arg1	level					475:479	a very high level	463:479	a very high level of complexity	463:493	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	5	39	theme	quantitative/qualitative	938:961	arg1	composition					1008:1018	monosaccharide composition	993:1018	monosaccharide composition	993:1018	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	39	theme	quantitative/qualitative	938:961	arg1	profiling					1037:1045	oligosaccharide profiling	1021:1045	oligosaccharide profiling	1021:1045	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	39	theme	quantitative/qualitative	938:961	arg1	techniques					974:983	quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques	938:983	quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling	938:1068	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	39	theme	quantitative/qualitative	938:961	arg1	profiling					1060:1068	glycome profiling	1052:1068	glycome profiling	1052:1068	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	8	40	theme	wall	1470:1473	arg1	components					1475:1484	their cell wall components	1459:1484	their cell wall components	1459:1484	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	8	41	theme	cell	1465:1468	arg1	components					1475:1484	their cell wall components	1459:1484	their cell wall components	1459:1484	Different genotypes of M. sinensis were shown to display distinct interactions among their cell wall components, which seem to influence cell wall hydrolysis.
25908240	3	42	theme	level	475:479	arg1	emergence					450:458	emergence	450:458	emergence of a very high level of complexity	450:493	Cell walls are thought to display compositional differences that lead to emergence of a very high level of complexity, resulting in great diversity in cell wall architectures.
25908240	7	43	theme	pectins	1304:1310	arg1	types					1295:1299	different types	1285:1299	different types of pectins, and some mannans	1285:1328	In the absence of such correlation, different types of pectins, and some mannans contributed to saccharification efficiency.
25908240	4	44	theme	sinensis	682:689	arg1	genotypes					658:666	different genotypes	648:666	different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis	648:689	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	2	45	theme	barriers	290:297	arg1	barriers					290:297	the key barriers	282:297	the key barriers to producing bioethanol	282:321	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	2	45	theme	barriers	290:297	arg1	lack					330:333	the lack	326:333	the lack of information about cell wall structure	326:374	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	2	45	theme	barriers	290:297	arg1	one					275:277	one	275:277	one	275:277	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	1	46	theme	important	218:226	arg1	choices					228:234	the most important choices	209:234	the most important choices for production of bioethanol	209:263	The production of bioenergy from grasses has been developing quickly during the last decade, with Miscanthus being among the most important choices for production of bioethanol.
25908240	5	47	theme	monosaccharide	993:1006	arg1	composition					1008:1018	monosaccharide composition	993:1018	monosaccharide composition	993:1018	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	7	48	theme	mannans	1322:1328	arg1	types					1295:1299	different types	1285:1299	different types of pectins, and some mannans	1285:1328	In the absence of such correlation, different types of pectins, and some mannans contributed to saccharification efficiency.
25908240	4	49	theme	saccharification	738:753	arg1	efficiency					755:764	saccharification efficiency	738:764	saccharification efficiency	738:764	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	4	50	used	used	601:604	arg2	techniques					586:595	different techniques	576:595	different techniques	576:595	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	4	50	used	used	601:604	arg2	set					569:571	a set	567:571	a set of different techniques	567:595	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	5	51	theme	wall	921:924	arg1	analysis					926:933	cell wall analysis	916:933	cell wall analysis	916:933	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	5	52	theme	cell	916:919	arg1	analysis					926:933	cell wall analysis	916:933	cell wall analysis	916:933	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	7	53	theme	correlation	1272:1282	arg1	absence					1256:1262	the absence	1252:1262	the absence of such correlation	1252:1282	In the absence of such correlation, different types of pectins, and some mannans contributed to saccharification efficiency.
25908240	5	54	theme	oligosaccharide	1021:1035	arg1	profiling					1037:1045	oligosaccharide profiling	1021:1045	oligosaccharide profiling	1021:1045	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	2	55	theme	cell	356:359	arg1	structure					366:374	cell wall structure	356:374	cell wall structure	356:374	However, one of the key barriers to producing bioethanol is the lack of information about cell wall structure.
25908240	4	56	theme	different	576:584	arg1	techniques					586:595	different techniques	576:595	different techniques	576:595	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	0	57	theme	Miscanthus	67:76	arg1	sinensis					78:85	Miscanthus sinensis	67:85	Miscanthus sinensis	67:85	How cell wall complexity influences saccharification efficiency in Miscanthus sinensis.
25908240	6	58	theme	xyloglucan	1187:1196	arg1	features					1158:1165	the structural features	1143:1165	the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan	1143:1196	When saccharification efficiency was correlated negatively with lignin, the structural features of arabinoxylan and xyloglucan were found to contribute positively to hydrolysis.
25908240	5	59	theme	sinensis	789:796	arg1	genotypes					773:781	Three genotypes	767:781	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency	767:896	Three genotypes of M. sinensis displaying different patterns of correlation between lignin content and saccharification efficiency were subjected to cell wall analysis by quantitative/qualitative analytical techniques such as monosaccharide composition, oligosaccharide profiling, and glycome profiling.
25908240	4	60	theme	cell	634:637	arg1	walls					639:643	cell walls	634:643	cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis	634:689	In this work, a set of different techniques was used to access the complexity of cell walls of different genotypes of Miscanthus sinensis in order to understand how they interfere with saccharification efficiency.
25908240	7	61	theme	different	1285:1293	arg1	types					1295:1299	different types	1285:1299	different types of pectins, and some mannans	1285:1328	In the absence of such correlation, different types of pectins, and some mannans contributed to saccharification efficiency.
24532548	8	0	theme	repeated	1465:1472	arg1	dose					1474:1477	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose	1448:1477	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid	1448:1512	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	3	1	theme	acute	512:516	arg1	study					527:531	acute toxicity study	512:531	acute toxicity study	512:531	For this purpose, acute toxicity study, and hematological and serological evaluations were carried out.
24532548	6	2	theme	kg	1114:1115	arg1	doses					1121:1125	100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses	1099:1125	100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7	1099:1133	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	4	3	theme	blood	670:674	arg1	pressure					676:683	blood pressure	670:683	blood pressure	670:683	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	6	4	theme	liver	1170:1174	arg1	function					1176:1183	the liver function	1166:1183	the liver function	1166:1183	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	5	5	theme	LD50	817:820	arg1	values					822:827	LD50 values	817:827	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice	817:860	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	6	6	theme	vital	926:930	arg1	fluctuations					932:943	no vital fluctuations	923:943	no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	923:1094	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	9	7	theme	fatal	1518:1522	arg1	damage					1524:1529	No fatal damage	1515:1529	No fatal damage	1515:1529	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	4	8	theme	side	651:654	arg1	effects					656:662	mechanism-related side effects	633:662	mechanism-related side effects	633:662	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	1	9	theme	low-molecular-weight	198:217	arg1	LHT7					239:242	LHT7	239:242	LHT7	239:242	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	9	theme	low-molecular-weight	198:217	arg1	derivative					227:236	-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	186:236	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	0	10	theme	Preliminary	0:10	arg1	evaluation					19:28	Preliminary safety evaluation	0:28	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.	0:138	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	0	10	theme	Preliminary	0:10	arg1	LHT7					100:103	LHT7	100:103	LHT7	100:103	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	6	11	theme	LHT7	1130:1133	arg1	doses					1121:1125	100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses	1099:1125	100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7	1099:1133	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	7	12	theme	mg	1270:1271	arg1	-1					1276:1277	-1	1276:1277	-1	1276:1277	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	7	12	theme	mg	1270:1271	arg1	kg					1273:1274	50 mg kg	1267:1274	50 mg kg(-1)	1267:1278	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	9	13	theme	most	1559:1562	arg1	observations					1564:1575	most observations	1559:1575	most observations	1559:1575	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	0	14	theme	derivative	88:97	arg1	evaluation					19:28	Preliminary safety evaluation	0:28	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.	0:138	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	0	14	theme	derivative	88:97	arg1	LHT7					100:103	LHT7	100:103	LHT7	100:103	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	6	15	theme	hematological	968:980	arg1	parameters					982:991	the serological and hematological parameters	948:991	the serological and hematological parameters	948:991	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	4	16	theme	proteinuria	707:717	arg1	pressure					676:683	blood pressure	670:683	blood pressure	670:683	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	4	16	theme	proteinuria	707:717	arg1	occurrence					693:702	the occurrence	689:702	the occurrence of proteinuria	689:717	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	1	17	theme	vascular	348:355	arg1	factors					376:382	vascular endothelial growth factors	348:382	vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	348:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	17	theme	vascular	348:355	arg1	VEGF					385:388	VEGF	385:388	VEGF	385:388	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	18	theme	taurocholic	165:175	arg1	TA					183:184	TA	183:184	TA	183:184	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	18	theme	taurocholic	165:175	arg1	acid					177:180	taurocholic acid	165:180	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	18	theme	taurocholic	165:175	arg1	agent					292:296	a potent anti-angiogenic agent	267:296	a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	267:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	6	19	theme	serological	952:962	arg1	parameters					982:991	the serological and hematological parameters	948:991	the serological and hematological parameters	948:991	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	4	20	theme	doses	775:779	arg1	regime					751:756	a treatment regime	739:756	a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study	739:814	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	5	21	from	values	822:827	arg1	mice					857:860	female and male mice	841:860	female and male mice	841:860	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	9	22	theme	chemical	1597:1604	arg1	composition					1606:1616	the chemical composition	1593:1616	the chemical composition	1593:1616	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	8	23	theme	LHT7	1398:1401	arg1	accumulation					1382:1393	a slight accumulation	1373:1393	a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver	1373:1429	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	7	24	theme	studies	1229:1235	arg1	results					1200:1206	the results	1196:1206	the results of mechanism-related studies	1196:1235	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	4	25	theme	LHT7	784:787	arg1	doses					775:779	multiple high doses	761:779	multiple high doses of LHT7	761:787	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	2	26	theme	safety	404:409	arg1	evaluations					411:421	Preliminary safety evaluations	392:421	Preliminary safety evaluations	392:421	Preliminary safety evaluations were conducted based on its mechanism of action and chemical behavior.
24532548	0	27	theme	potent	109:114	arg1	inhibitor					129:137	a potent angiogenesis inhibitor	107:137	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.	0:138	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	9	28	theme	action	1638:1643	arg1	mechanism					1625:1633	the mechanism	1621:1633	the mechanism of action of the material	1621:1659	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	9	28	theme	action	1638:1643	arg1	composition					1606:1616	the chemical composition	1593:1616	the chemical composition	1593:1616	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	6	29	theme	aminotransferase	1038:1053	arg1	levels					1018:1023	the elevated levels	1005:1023	the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	1005:1094	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	8	30	from	accumulation	1382:1393	arg1	liver					1425:1429	the liver	1421:1429	the liver	1421:1429	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	8	30	from	accumulation	1382:1393	arg1	kidney					1410:1415	kidney	1410:1415	kidney	1410:1415	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	4	31	from	regime	751:756	arg1	study					810:814	a biodistribution study	792:814	a biodistribution study	792:814	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	4	32	theme	multiple	761:768	arg1	doses					775:779	multiple high doses	761:779	multiple high doses of LHT7	761:787	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	1	33	theme	anti-angiogenic	276:290	arg1	acid					177:180	taurocholic acid	165:180	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	33	theme	anti-angiogenic	276:290	arg1	agent					292:296	a potent anti-angiogenic agent	267:296	a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	267:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	7	34	theme	elevated	1306:1313	arg1	levels					1315:1320	elevated levels	1306:1320	elevated levels of protein	1306:1331	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	6	35	theme	elevated	1009:1016	arg1	levels					1018:1023	the elevated levels	1005:1023	the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	1005:1094	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	2	36	theme	behavior	484:491	arg1	mechanism					451:459	its mechanism	447:459	its mechanism of action and chemical behavior	447:491	Preliminary safety evaluations were conducted based on its mechanism of action and chemical behavior.
24532548	6	37	from	fluctuations	932:943	arg1	parameters					982:991	the serological and hematological parameters	948:991	the serological and hematological parameters	948:991	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	1	38	dep	acid	177:180	arg1	LHT7					239:242	LHT7	239:242	LHT7	239:242	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	38	dep	acid	177:180	arg1	derivative					227:236	-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	186:236	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	0	39	theme	low-molecular-weight	59:78	arg1	derivative					88:97	a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	33:97	a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	33:97	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	1	40	theme	successful	314:323	arg1	blockage					325:332	successful blockage	314:332	demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	301:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	8	41	dep	kidney	1410:1415	arg1	the					1406:1408	the	1406:1408	the	1406:1408	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	0	42	dep	evaluation	19:28	arg1	inhibitor					129:137	a potent angiogenesis inhibitor	107:137	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.	0:138	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	8	43	located	observed	1436:1443	arg1	dose					1474:1477	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose	1448:1477	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid	1448:1512	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	8	43	located	observed	1436:1443	arg1	study					1366:1370	the biodistribution study	1346:1370	the biodistribution study	1346:1370	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	8	43	located	observed	1436:1443	arg2	accumulation					1382:1393	a slight accumulation	1373:1393	a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver	1373:1429	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	6	44	theme	aminotransferase	1073:1088	arg1	levels					1018:1023	the elevated levels	1005:1023	the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	1005:1094	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	8	45	theme	mg	1455:1456	arg1	-1					1461:1462	-1	1461:1462	-1	1461:1462	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	8	45	theme	mg	1455:1456	arg1	kg					1458:1459	the 50 mg kg	1448:1459	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid	1448:1512	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	3	46	theme	toxicity	518:525	arg1	study					527:531	acute toxicity study	512:531	acute toxicity study	512:531	For this purpose, acute toxicity study, and hematological and serological evaluations were carried out.
24532548	8	47	theme	bile	1504:1507	arg1	acid					1509:1512	bile acid	1504:1512	bile acid	1504:1512	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	3	48	theme	hematological	538:550	arg1	evaluations					568:578	hematological and serological evaluations	538:578	hematological and serological evaluations	538:578	For this purpose, acute toxicity study, and hematological and serological evaluations were carried out.
24532548	7	49	theme	protein	1325:1331	arg1	levels					1315:1320	elevated levels	1306:1320	elevated levels of protein	1306:1331	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	5	50	theme	male	852:855	arg1	mice					857:860	female and male mice	841:860	female and male mice	841:860	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	9	51	theme	material	1652:1659	arg1	action					1638:1643	action	1638:1643	action of the material	1638:1659	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	6	52	theme	mg	1111:1112	arg1	kg					1114:1115	100 and 200 mg kg	1099:1115	100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7	1099:1133	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	6	52	theme	mg	1111:1112	arg1	-1					1117:1118	-1	1117:1118	-1	1117:1118	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	3	53	theme	serological	556:566	arg1	evaluations					568:578	hematological and serological evaluations	538:578	hematological and serological evaluations	538:578	For this purpose, acute toxicity study, and hematological and serological evaluations were carried out.
24532548	1	54	theme	-conjugated	186:196	arg1	LHT7					239:242	LHT7	239:242	LHT7	239:242	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	54	theme	-conjugated	186:196	arg1	derivative					227:236	-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	186:236	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	5	55	theme	kg	884:885	arg1	doses					891:895	56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses	867:895	56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses	867:895	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	4	56	theme	mechanism-related	633:649	arg1	effects					656:662	mechanism-related side effects	633:662	mechanism-related side effects	633:662	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	5	57	theme	female	841:846	arg1	mice					857:860	female and male mice	841:860	female and male mice	841:860	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	6	58	theme	vital	1149:1153	arg1	changes					1155:1161	vital changes	1149:1161	vital changes in the liver function	1149:1183	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	8	59	theme	biodistribution	1350:1364	arg1	study					1366:1370	the biodistribution study	1346:1370	the biodistribution study	1346:1370	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	9	60	located	observed	1535:1542	arg1	study					1552:1556	this study	1547:1556	this study	1547:1556	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	9	60	located	observed	1535:1542	arg2	damage					1524:1529	No fatal damage	1515:1529	No fatal damage	1515:1529	No fatal damage was observed in this study; most observations were related to the chemical composition or the mechanism of action of the material.
24532548	6	61	from	changes	1155:1161	arg1	function					1176:1183	the liver function	1166:1183	the liver function	1166:1183	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	1	62	theme	previous	147:154	arg1	studies					156:162	our previous studies	143:162	our previous studies	143:162	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	8	63	theme	slight	1375:1380	arg1	accumulation					1382:1393	a slight accumulation	1373:1393	a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver	1373:1429	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	5	64	theme	mg	881:882	arg1	-1					887:888	-1	887:888	-1	887:888	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	5	64	theme	mg	881:882	arg1	kg					884:885	56.9 and 64.7 mg kg	867:885	56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses	867:895	LD50 values for LHT7 in female and male mice were 56.9 and 64.7 mg kg(-1) doses, respectively.
24532548	1	65	theme	growth	369:374	arg1	factors					376:382	vascular endothelial growth factors	348:382	vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	348:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	65	theme	growth	369:374	arg1	VEGF					385:388	VEGF	385:388	VEGF	385:388	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	66	theme	endothelial	357:367	arg1	factors					376:382	vascular endothelial growth factors	348:382	vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	348:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	66	theme	endothelial	357:367	arg1	VEGF					385:388	VEGF	385:388	VEGF	385:388	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	4	67	theme	high	770:773	arg1	doses					775:779	multiple high doses	761:779	multiple high doses of LHT7	761:787	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	0	68	theme	angiogenesis	116:127	arg1	inhibitor					129:137	a potent angiogenesis inhibitor	107:137	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.	0:138	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	1	69	theme	factors	376:382	arg1	capability					334:343	demonstrated successful blockage capability	301:343	demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	301:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	7	70	theme	blood	1249:1253	arg1	pressure					1255:1262	blood pressure	1249:1262	blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1)	1249:1278	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	2	71	theme	Preliminary	392:402	arg1	evaluations					411:421	Preliminary safety evaluations	392:421	Preliminary safety evaluations	392:421	Preliminary safety evaluations were conducted based on its mechanism of action and chemical behavior.
24532548	0	72	theme	safety	12:17	arg1	evaluation					19:28	Preliminary safety evaluation	0:28	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.	0:138	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	0	72	theme	safety	12:17	arg1	LHT7					100:103	LHT7	100:103	LHT7	100:103	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	7	73	from	kg	1273:1274	arg1	pressure					1255:1262	blood pressure	1249:1262	blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1)	1249:1278	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	6	74	theme	aspartate	1028:1036	arg1	AST					1056:1058	AST	1056:1058	AST	1056:1058	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	6	74	theme	aspartate	1028:1036	arg1	aminotransferase					1038:1053	aspartate aminotransferase	1028:1053	aspartate aminotransferase (AST)	1028:1059	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	4	75	theme	treatment	741:749	arg1	regime					751:756	a treatment regime	739:756	a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study	739:814	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	1	76	theme	potent	269:274	arg1	acid					177:180	taurocholic acid	165:180	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	76	theme	potent	269:274	arg1	agent					292:296	a potent anti-angiogenic agent	267:296	a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	267:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	7	77	theme	mechanism-related	1211:1227	arg1	studies					1229:1235	mechanism-related studies	1211:1235	mechanism-related studies	1211:1235	Moreover, the results of mechanism-related studies showed that blood pressure at 50 mg kg(-1) did not change but showed elevated levels of protein in urine.
24532548	0	78	theme	taurocholate-conjugated	35:57	arg1	derivative					88:97	a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	33:97	a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	33:97	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	1	79	theme	heparin	219:225	arg1	LHT7					239:242	LHT7	239:242	LHT7	239:242	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	1	79	theme	heparin	219:225	arg1	derivative					227:236	-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	186:236	taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7)	165:243	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	2	80	theme	chemical	475:482	arg1	behavior					484:491	chemical behavior	475:491	chemical behavior	475:491	Preliminary safety evaluations were conducted based on its mechanism of action and chemical behavior.
24532548	0	81	theme	heparin	80:86	arg1	derivative					88:97	a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	33:97	a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative	33:97	Preliminary safety evaluation of a taurocholate-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7): a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.
24532548	1	82	theme	demonstrated	301:312	arg1	capability					334:343	demonstrated successful blockage capability	301:343	demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	301:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	2	83	theme	action	464:469	arg1	mechanism					451:459	its mechanism	447:459	its mechanism of action and chemical behavior	447:491	Preliminary safety evaluations were conducted based on its mechanism of action and chemical behavior.
24532548	8	84	theme	50	1452:1453	arg1	mg					1455:1456	mg	1455:1456	mg	1455:1456	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	1	85	theme	blockage	325:332	arg1	capability					334:343	demonstrated successful blockage capability	301:343	demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)	301:389	In our previous studies, taurocholic acid (TA)-conjugated low-molecular-weight heparin derivative (LHT7) has been proven to be a potent anti-angiogenic agent by demonstrated successful blockage capability of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF).
24532548	8	86	theme	kg	1458:1459	arg1	dose					1474:1477	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose	1448:1477	the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid	1448:1512	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
24532548	6	87	theme	alanine	1065:1071	arg1	ALT					1091:1093	ALT	1091:1093	ALT	1091:1093	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	6	87	theme	alanine	1065:1071	arg1	aminotransferase					1073:1088	alanine aminotransferase	1065:1088	alanine aminotransferase (ALT)	1065:1094	There were no vital fluctuations in the serological and hematological parameters, except for the elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) doses of LHT7, representing vital changes in the liver function.
24532548	4	88	theme	biodistribution	794:808	arg1	study					810:814	a biodistribution study	792:814	a biodistribution study	792:814	Additionally, in order to evaluate mechanism-related side effects, both blood pressure and the occurrence of proteinuria were measured using a treatment regime of multiple high doses of LHT7 in a biodistribution study.
24532548	8	89	theme	acid	1509:1512	arg1	presence					1492:1499	the presence	1488:1499	the presence of bile acid	1488:1512	In the biodistribution study, a slight accumulation of LHT7 in the kidney and the liver were observed at the 50 mg kg(-1) repeated dose owing to the presence of bile acid.
28536867	4	0	theme	sP	913:914	arg1	rats					916:919	sP rats	913:919	sP rats	913:919	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	1	theme	Wistar	1125:1130	arg1	rats					1132:1135	Wistar rats	1125:1135	Wistar rats	1125:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	3	2	theme	fixed	648:652	arg1	FR4					668:670	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	FR4	668:670	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	5	3	theme	food	1226:1229	arg1	pellets					1231:1237	regular food pellets	1218:1237	regular food pellets	1218:1237	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	4	4	theme	chocolate	1104:1112	arg1	seeking					1114:1120	chocolate seeking	1104:1120	chocolate seeking	1104:1120	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	1	5	theme	allosteric	278:287	arg1	PAM					300:302	PAM	300:302	PAM	300:302	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	5	theme	allosteric	278:287	arg1	OBJECTIVES					163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	5	theme	allosteric	278:287	arg1	modulator					289:297	a new, positive allosteric modulator	262:297	modulator	289:297	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	5	theme	allosteric	278:287	arg1	RATIONALE					149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	7	6	theme	alcohol	1642:1648	arg1	self-administration					1650:1668	alcohol self-administration	1642:1668	alcohol self-administration	1642:1668	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	8	7	theme	foods	2047:2051	arg1	consumption					2015:2025	consumption	2015:2025	consumption of highly palatable foods	2015:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	8	7	theme	foods	2047:2051	arg1	seeking					2003:2009	seeking	2003:2009	seeking	2003:2009	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	3	8	theme	progressive	677:687	arg1	schedules					700:708	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	schedules	700:708	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	8	9	theme	allosteric	1765:1774	arg1	modulation					1776:1785	(i) positive allosteric modulation	1752:1785	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	8	10	theme	responsible	1810:1820	arg1	receptor					1800:1807	the GABAB receptor	1790:1807	the GABAB receptor	1790:1807	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	7	11	theme	cannabinoid	1490:1500	arg1	antagonist					1515:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	7	11	theme	cannabinoid	1490:1500	arg1	AM4113					1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	5	12	from	rats	1263:1266	arg1	ineffective					1175:1185	ineffective	1175:1185	ineffective	1175:1185	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	0	13	theme	GABAB	112:116	arg1	involvement					93:103	involvement	93:103	involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors	93:146	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	8	14	theme	composite	1731:1739	arg1	mechanism					1741:1749	a composite mechanism	1729:1749	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	4	15	theme	w/v	1004:1006	arg1	Nesquik®					1009:1016	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®]	978:1017	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	978:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	0	16	theme	cannabinoid	122:132	arg1	receptors					138:146	the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors	108:146	receptors	138:146	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	0	17	theme	receptors	138:146	arg1	involvement					93:103	involvement	93:103	involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors	93:146	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	7	18	theme	self-administration	1587:1605	arg1	reduction					1564:1572	COR659-induced reduction	1549:1572	COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration	1549:1605	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	4	19	theme	solution	990:997	arg1	Nesquik®					1009:1016	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®]	978:1017	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	978:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	8	20	theme	large	1828:1832	arg1	proportion					1834:1843	a large proportion	1826:1843	a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration	1826:1887	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	6	21	theme	alcohol	1374:1380	arg1	self-administration					1382:1400	alcohol self-administration	1374:1400	alcohol self-administration	1374:1400	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	4	22	theme	%	1001:1001	arg1	Nesquik®					1009:1016	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®]	978:1017	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	978:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	0	23	theme	chocolate	54:62	arg1	self-administration					64:82	chocolate self-administration	54:82	chocolate self-administration	54:82	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	3	24	theme	GABAB	784:788	arg1	PAM					790:792	the reference GABAB PAM	770:792	the reference GABAB PAM	770:792	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	8	25	theme	behavioral	1706:1715	arg1	effects					1717:1723	its behavioral effects	1702:1723	its behavioral effects	1702:1723	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	4	26	with	Treatment	804:812	arg1	COR659					819:824	COR659	819:824	COR659	819:824	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	26	with	Treatment	804:812	arg1	GS39783					835:841	GS39783	835:841	GS39783	835:841	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	5	27	theme	Wistar	1256:1261	arg1	rats					1263:1266	food-deprived Wistar rats	1242:1266	food-deprived Wistar rats	1242:1266	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	8	28	theme	self-administration	1869:1887	arg1	reduction					1848:1856	reduction	1848:1856	reduction of alcohol self-administration	1848:1887	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	7	29	with	Pretreatment	1468:1479	arg1	antagonist					1515:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	7	29	with	Pretreatment	1468:1479	arg1	AM4113					1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	2	30	theme	tested	387:392	arg1	PAMs					400:403	previously tested GABAB PAMs	376:403	previously tested GABAB PAMs	376:403	This study evaluated whether COR659 shared with previously tested GABAB PAMs the capacity to reduce alcohol self-administration in rats.
28536867	6	31	theme	chocolate	1437:1445	arg1	self-administration					1447:1465	chocolate self-administration	1437:1465	chocolate self-administration	1437:1465	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	4	32	from	reinstatement	1087:1099	arg1	rats					1132:1135	Wistar rats	1125:1135	Wistar rats	1125:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	5	33	theme	food-deprived	1242:1254	arg1	rats					1263:1266	food-deprived Wistar rats	1242:1266	food-deprived Wistar rats	1242:1266	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	7	34	theme	CB1	1502:1504	arg1	antagonist					1515:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	7	34	theme	CB1	1502:1504	arg1	AM4113					1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	8	35	theme	cannabinoid	1948:1958	arg1	receptor					1964:1971	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor	1944:1971	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor	1944:1971	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	4	36	from	Nesquik®	1009:1016	arg1	rats					1029:1032	Wistar rats	1022:1032	Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	1022:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	37	theme	cue-induced	1075:1085	arg1	reinstatement					1087:1099	(c) cue-induced reinstatement	1071:1099	(c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	1071:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	8	38	theme	other	1908:1912	arg1	s					1930:1930	s	1930:1930	s	1930:1930	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	8	38	theme	other	1908:1912	arg1	system					1923:1928	other receptor system	1908:1928	other receptor system(s)	1908:1931	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	1	39	theme	GABAB	312:316	arg1	receptor					318:325	the GABAB receptor	308:325	the GABAB receptor	308:325	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	8	40	theme	CB1	1960:1962	arg1	receptor					1964:1971	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor	1944:1971	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor	1944:1971	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	3	41	theme	non-sedative	488:499	arg1	doses					501:505	non-sedative doses	488:505	non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5	488:523	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	6	42	theme	GABAB	1291:1295	arg1	SCH50911					1318:1325	SCH50911	1318:1325	SCH50911	1318:1325	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	6	42	theme	GABAB	1291:1295	arg1	antagonist					1306:1315	the GABAB receptor antagonist	1287:1315	the GABAB receptor antagonist	1287:1315	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	1	43	theme	-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate	217:256	arg1	OBJECTIVES					163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	43	theme	-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate	217:256	arg1	RATIONALE					149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	43	theme	-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate	217:256	arg1	modulator					289:297	a new, positive allosteric modulator	262:297	modulator	289:297	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	4	44	from	lever-responding	859:874	arg1	rats					916:919	sP rats	913:919	sP rats	913:919	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	8	45	theme	receptor	1914:1921	arg1	s					1930:1930	s	1930:1930	s	1930:1930	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	8	45	theme	receptor	1914:1921	arg1	system					1923:1928	other receptor system	1908:1928	other receptor system(s)	1908:1931	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	0	46	dep	Suppressing	0:10	arg1	involvement					93:103	involvement	93:103	involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors	93:146	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	8	47	theme	receptor	1800:1807	arg1	modulation					1776:1785	(i) positive allosteric modulation	1752:1785	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	3	48	theme	FR	661:662	arg1	FR4					668:670	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	FR4	668:670	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	1	49	theme	new	264:266	arg1	PAM					300:302	PAM	300:302	PAM	300:302	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	49	theme	new	264:266	arg1	OBJECTIVES					163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	49	theme	new	264:266	arg1	modulator					289:297	a new, positive allosteric modulator	262:297	modulator	289:297	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	49	theme	new	264:266	arg1	RATIONALE					149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	3	50	theme	alcohol-preferring	609:626	arg1	rats					633:636	Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats	599:636	Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats	599:636	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	3	51	theme	ratio	654:658	arg1	FR4					668:670	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	FR4	668:670	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	1	52	theme	positive	269:276	arg1	PAM					300:302	PAM	300:302	PAM	300:302	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	52	theme	positive	269:276	arg1	OBJECTIVES					163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	52	theme	positive	269:276	arg1	modulator					289:297	a new, positive allosteric modulator	262:297	modulator	289:297	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	52	theme	positive	269:276	arg1	RATIONALE					149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	7	53	theme	self-administration	1650:1668	arg1	reduction					1629:1637	reduction	1629:1637	reduction of alcohol self-administration	1629:1668	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	8	54	theme	positive	1756:1763	arg1	modulation					1776:1785	(i) positive allosteric modulation	1752:1785	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	7	55	theme	chocolate	1577:1585	arg1	self-administration					1587:1605	chocolate self-administration	1577:1605	chocolate self-administration	1577:1605	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	6	56	theme	COR659-induced	1346:1359	arg1	reduction					1361:1369	COR659-induced reduction	1346:1369	COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration	1346:1400	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	4	57	theme	chocolate	980:988	arg1	Nesquik®					1009:1016	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®]	978:1017	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	978:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	58	theme	seeking	1114:1120	arg1	schedules					1056:1064	the FR10 and PR schedules	1040:1064	schedules	1056:1064	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	58	theme	seeking	1114:1120	arg1	reinstatement					1087:1099	(c) cue-induced reinstatement	1071:1099	(c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	1071:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	6	59	with	Pretreatment	1269:1280	arg1	SCH50911					1318:1325	SCH50911	1318:1325	SCH50911	1318:1325	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	6	59	with	Pretreatment	1269:1280	arg1	antagonist					1306:1315	the GABAB receptor antagonist	1287:1315	the GABAB receptor antagonist	1287:1315	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	8	60	theme	palatable	2037:2045	arg1	foods					2047:2051	highly palatable foods	2030:2051	highly palatable foods	2030:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	3	61	theme	ratio	689:693	arg1	schedules					700:708	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	schedules	700:708	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	5	62	theme	regular	1218:1224	arg1	pellets					1231:1237	regular food pellets	1218:1237	regular food pellets	1218:1237	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	0	63	from	self-administration	64:82	arg1	rats					87:90	rats	87:90	rats	87:90	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	3	64	with	Treatment	473:481	arg1	doses					501:505	non-sedative doses	488:505	non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5	488:523	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	7	65	theme	COR659-induced	1549:1562	arg1	reduction					1564:1572	COR659-induced reduction	1549:1572	COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration	1549:1605	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	8	66	dep	action	1898:1903	arg1	ii					1891:1892	ii	1891:1892	ii	1891:1892	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	0	67	theme	CB1	134:136	arg1	receptors					138:146	the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors	108:146	receptors	138:146	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	3	68	theme	PR	696:697	arg1	schedules					700:708	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	schedules	700:708	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	4	69	dep	lever-responding	859:874	arg1	a					856:856	a	856:856	a	856:856	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	5	70	with	Treatment	1138:1146	arg1	COR659					1153:1158	COR659	1153:1158	COR659	1153:1158	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	3	71	theme	reference	774:782	arg1	PAM					790:792	the reference GABAB PAM	770:792	the reference GABAB PAM	770:792	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	4	72	theme	[5	999:1000	arg1	Nesquik®					1009:1016	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®]	978:1017	a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	978:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	3	73	theme	%	589:589	arg1	v/v					591:593	15% v/v	587:593	15% v/v	587:593	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	3	73	theme	%	589:589	arg1	alcohol					578:584	alcohol	578:584	alcohol (15% v/v)	578:594	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	6	74	theme	self-administration	1382:1400	arg1	reduction					1361:1369	COR659-induced reduction	1346:1369	COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration	1346:1400	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	2	75	from	self-administration	436:454	arg1	rats					459:462	rats	459:462	rats	459:462	This study evaluated whether COR659 shared with previously tested GABAB PAMs the capacity to reduce alcohol self-administration in rats.
28536867	3	76	theme	reinforcement	713:725	arg1	schedules					700:708	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	schedules	700:708	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	3	76	theme	reinforcement	713:725	arg1	FR4					668:670	the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules	644:708	FR4	668:670	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	8	77	theme	reduction	1848:1856	arg1	proportion					1834:1843	a large proportion	1826:1843	a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration	1826:1887	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	3	78	theme	GS39783	795:801	arg1	PAM					790:792	the reference GABAB PAM	770:792	the reference GABAB PAM	770:792	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	4	79	dep	reinstatement	1087:1099	arg1	c					1072:1072	c	1072:1072	c	1072:1072	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	0	80	from	effect	12:17	arg1	alcohol					32:38	alcohol	32:38	alcohol	32:38	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	0	80	from	effect	12:17	arg1	self-administration					64:82	chocolate self-administration	54:82	chocolate self-administration	54:82	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	0	80	from	effect	12:17	arg1	sucrose					41:47	sucrose	41:47	sucrose	41:47	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	4	81	theme	FR10	1044:1047	arg1	schedules					1056:1064	the FR10 and PR schedules	1040:1064	schedules	1056:1064	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	8	82	theme	alcohol	1861:1867	arg1	self-administration					1869:1887	alcohol self-administration	1861:1887	alcohol self-administration	1861:1887	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	0	83	from	sucrose	41:47	arg1	rats					87:90	rats	87:90	rats	87:90	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	4	84	theme	PR	1053:1054	arg1	schedules					1056:1064	the FR10 and PR schedules	1040:1064	schedules	1056:1064	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	8	85	dep	mechanism	1741:1749	arg1	action					1898:1903	an action	1895:1903	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	8	85	dep	mechanism	1741:1749	arg1	modulation					1776:1785	(i) positive allosteric modulation	1752:1785	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	0	86	from	alcohol	32:38	arg1	rats					87:90	rats	87:90	rats	87:90	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	4	87	theme	Wistar	1022:1027	arg1	rats					1029:1032	Wistar rats	1022:1032	Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats	1022:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	2	88	theme	GABAB	394:398	arg1	PAMs					400:403	previously tested GABAB PAMs	376:403	previously tested GABAB PAMs	376:403	This study evaluated whether COR659 shared with previously tested GABAB PAMs the capacity to reduce alcohol self-administration in rats.
28536867	6	89	theme	self-administration	1447:1465	arg1	reduction					1424:1432	reduction	1424:1432	reduction of chocolate self-administration	1424:1465	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	4	90	theme	%	903:903	arg1	w/v					905:907	1-3% w/v	900:907	1-3% w/v	900:907	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	90	theme	%	903:903	arg1	solution					890:897	a sucrose solution	880:897	a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v)	880:908	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	0	91	theme	COR659	22:27	arg1	effect					12:17	effect	12:17	effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats	12:90	Suppressing effect of COR659 on alcohol, sucrose, and chocolate self-administration in rats: involvement of the GABAB and cannabinoid CB1 receptors.
28536867	2	92	theme	alcohol	428:434	arg1	self-administration					436:454	alcohol self-administration	428:454	alcohol self-administration in rats	428:462	This study evaluated whether COR659 shared with previously tested GABAB PAMs the capacity to reduce alcohol self-administration in rats.
28536867	7	93	theme	receptor	1506:1513	arg1	antagonist					1515:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist	1486:1524	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	7	93	theme	receptor	1506:1513	arg1	AM4113					1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	AM4113	1527:1532	Pretreatment with the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, AM4113, fully blocked COR659-induced reduction of chocolate self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of alcohol self-administration.
28536867	5	94	from	ineffective	1175:1185	arg1	rats					1263:1266	food-deprived Wistar rats	1242:1266	food-deprived Wistar rats	1242:1266	Treatment with COR659 was completely ineffective on lever-responding (FR10) for regular food pellets in food-deprived Wistar rats.
28536867	4	95	theme	sucrose	882:888	arg1	w/v					905:907	1-3% w/v	900:907	1-3% w/v	900:907	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	95	theme	sucrose	882:888	arg1	solution					890:897	a sucrose solution	880:897	a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v)	880:908	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	3	96	theme	Sardinian	599:607	arg1	sP					629:630	sP	629:630	sP	629:630	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	3	96	theme	Sardinian	599:607	arg1	alcohol-preferring					609:626	Sardinian alcohol-preferring	599:626	Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats	599:636	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	3	97	theme	RESULTS	465:471	arg1	Treatment					473:481	RESULTS Treatment	465:481	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5	465:523	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	3	98	with	10 mg/kg	530:537	arg1	doses					501:505	non-sedative doses	488:505	non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5	488:523	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
28536867	8	99	theme	GABAB	1794:1798	arg1	receptor					1800:1807	the GABAB receptor	1790:1807	the GABAB receptor	1790:1807	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	6	100	theme	receptor	1297:1304	arg1	SCH50911					1318:1325	SCH50911	1318:1325	SCH50911	1318:1325	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	6	100	theme	receptor	1297:1304	arg1	antagonist					1306:1315	the GABAB receptor antagonist	1287:1315	the GABAB receptor antagonist	1287:1315	Pretreatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH50911, partially blocked COR659-induced reduction of alcohol self-administration, being ineffective on reduction of chocolate self-administration.
28536867	1	101	theme	receptor	318:325	arg1	PAM					300:302	PAM	300:302	PAM	300:302	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	101	theme	receptor	318:325	arg1	OBJECTIVES					163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	OBJECTIVES	163:172	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	101	theme	receptor	318:325	arg1	modulator					289:297	a new, positive allosteric modulator	262:297	modulator	289:297	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	1	101	theme	receptor	318:325	arg1	RATIONALE					149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE	149:157	RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES COR659 [methyl2-(4-chlorophenylcarboxamido)-4-ethyl-5-methylthiophene-3-carboxylate] is a new, positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor.
28536867	8	102	from	system	1923:1928	arg1	action					1898:1903	an action	1895:1903	a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods	1729:2051	CONCLUSIONS COR659 might exert its behavioral effects via a composite mechanism: (i) positive allosteric modulation of the GABAB receptor, responsible for a large proportion of reduction of alcohol self-administration; (ii) an action at other receptor system(s), including the cannabinoid CB1 receptor, through which COR659 affects seeking and consumption of highly palatable foods.
28536867	4	103	theme	FR4	931:933	arg1	schedules					942:950	the FR4 and PR schedules	927:950	schedules	942:950	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	104	from	schedules	1056:1064	arg1	rats					1132:1135	Wistar rats	1125:1135	Wistar rats	1125:1135	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	4	105	theme	PR	939:940	arg1	schedules					942:950	the FR4 and PR schedules	927:950	schedules	942:950	Treatment with COR659, but not GS39783, suppressed (a) lever-responding for a sucrose solution (1-3% w/v) in sP rats under the FR4 and PR schedules, (b) lever-responding for a chocolate solution [5% (w/v) Nesquik®] in Wistar rats under the FR10 and PR schedules, and (c) cue-induced reinstatement of chocolate seeking in Wistar rats.
28536867	3	106	theme	5	523:523	arg1	doses					501:505	non-sedative doses	488:505	non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5	488:523	RESULTS Treatment with non-sedative doses of COR659 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) suppressed lever-responding for alcohol (15% v/v) in Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) and progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement; COR659 was more potent and effective than the reference GABAB PAM, GS39783.
26908114	12	0	theme	release	2084:2090	arg1	studies					2092:2098	nonenzymatic release studies	2071:2098	nonenzymatic release studies	2071:2098	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	6	1	theme	curcumin	982:989	arg1	degradation					991:1001	no significant curcumin degradation	967:1001	no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution	967:1038	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan has greatly improved curcumin aqueous solubility and stability, with no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution.
26908114	4	2	theme	curcumin	630:637	arg1	quantification					599:612	quantification	599:612	quantification of unconjugated curcumin	599:637	The conjugation reactivity was confirmed through gel permeation chromatography and quantification of unconjugated curcumin.
26908114	4	2	theme	curcumin	630:637	arg1	chromatography					580:593	gel permeation chromatography	565:593	gel permeation chromatography	565:593	The conjugation reactivity was confirmed through gel permeation chromatography and quantification of unconjugated curcumin.
26908114	5	3	theme	molecule	700:707	arg1	analogue					709:716	a small molecule analogue	692:716	a small molecule analogue for chitosan	692:729	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	5	3	theme	molecule	700:707	arg1	glucosamine					679:689	glucosamine	679:689	glucosamine	679:689	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	6	4	theme	curcumin	877:884	arg1	Conjugation					862:872	Conjugation	862:872	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan	862:896	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan has greatly improved curcumin aqueous solubility and stability, with no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution.
26908114	7	5	theme	conjugation	1169:1179	arg1	reaction					1181:1188	the conjugation reaction	1165:1188	the conjugation reaction	1165:1188	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	2	6	theme	pendant	290:296	arg1	linker					317:322	a pendant glutaric anhydride linker	288:322	a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry	288:358	To overcome these shortcomings, curcumin has been conjugated to chitosan through a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry.
26908114	12	7	theme	significant	2043:2053	arg1	difference					2055:2064	no significant difference	2040:2064	no significant difference	2040:2064	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	8	8	theme	main	1277:1280	arg1	groups					1305:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	11	9	theme	polymer/mL	1866:1875	arg1	solution					1877:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution	1839:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer	1839:1928	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	12	10	theme	phenolic	2007:2014	arg1	activity					2025:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	11	theme	nonenzymatic	2071:2082	arg1	studies					2092:2098	nonenzymatic release studies	2071:2098	nonenzymatic release studies	2071:2098	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	8	12	theme	functional	1294:1303	arg1	groups					1305:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	10	13	theme	full	1651:1654	arg1	potential					1668:1676	full antioxidant potential	1651:1676	full antioxidant potential	1651:1676	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	11	14	theme	μM	1851:1852	arg1	solution					1877:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution	1839:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer	1839:1928	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	11	15	attach	released	1767:1774	arg1	polymer					1798:1804	the polymer	1794:1804	the polymer	1794:1804	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	11	15	attach	released	1767:1774	arg2	curcumin					1755:1762	curcumin	1755:1762	curcumin	1755:1762	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	8	16	theme	curcumin	1248:1255	arg1	phenols					1257:1263	one out of two curcumin phenols	1233:1263	one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups)	1233:1311	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	12	17	theme	dominant	2146:2153	arg1	mechanism					2163:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	17	theme	dominant	2146:2153	arg1	hydrolysis					2128:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	11	18	theme	±	1844:1844	arg1	solution					1877:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution	1839:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer	1839:1928	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	2	19	theme	anhydride	307:315	arg1	linker					317:322	a pendant glutaric anhydride linker	288:322	a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry	288:358	To overcome these shortcomings, curcumin has been conjugated to chitosan through a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry.
26908114	9	20	theme	antioxidant	1515:1525	arg1	potential					1527:1535	curcumin's antioxidant potential	1504:1535	curcumin's antioxidant potential	1504:1535	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer, however, is accompanied by full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential.
26908114	8	21	theme	covalent	1317:1324	arg1	linkage					1326:1332	covalent linkage	1317:1332	covalent linkage to chitosan	1317:1344	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	12	22	theme	ester	2122:2126	arg1	mechanism					2163:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	22	theme	ester	2122:2126	arg1	hydrolysis					2128:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	1	23	contain	have	102:105	arg2	potential					127:135	immense therapeutic potential	107:135	immense therapeutic potential	107:135	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	1	23	contain	have	102:105	arg1	Curcumin					81:88	Curcumin	81:88	Curcumin	81:88	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	13	24	theme	antioxidant	2343:2353	arg1	potential					2355:2363	the full antioxidant potential	2334:2363	the full antioxidant potential of curcumin	2334:2375	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	5	25	with	reaction	653:660	arg1	analogue					709:716	a small molecule analogue	692:716	a small molecule analogue for chitosan	692:729	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	5	25	with	reaction	653:660	arg1	glucosamine					679:689	glucosamine	679:689	glucosamine	679:689	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	7	26	theme	fluorescence	1060:1071	arg1	properties					1073:1082	The absorbance and fluorescence properties	1041:1082	properties	1073:1082	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	7	27	theme	absorbance	1045:1054	arg1	properties					1073:1082	The absorbance and fluorescence properties	1041:1082	properties	1073:1082	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	1	28	theme	poor	156:159	arg1	solubility					161:170	poor solubility	156:170	poor solubility	156:170	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	1	29	from	solubility	161:170	arg1	solution					197:204	solution	197:204	solution	197:204	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	12	30	theme	carbonic	1966:1973	arg1	enzyme					1989:1994	an enzyme	1986:1994	an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity	1986:2032	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	30	theme	carbonic	1966:1973	arg1	anhydrase					1975:1983	carbonic anhydrase	1966:1983	carbonic anhydrase	1966:1983	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	31	theme	Release	1931:1937	arg1	studies					1939:1945	Release studies	1931:1945	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity,	1931:2033	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	2	32	theme	bond	336:339	arg1	chemistry					350:358	amide bond coupling chemistry	330:358	amide bond coupling chemistry	330:358	To overcome these shortcomings, curcumin has been conjugated to chitosan through a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry.
26908114	3	33	theme	infrared	436:443	arg1	spectroscopies					445:458	infrared spectroscopies	436:458	infrared spectroscopies	436:458	The hybrid polymer has been characterized by UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies as well as zeta potential measurements and SEM imaging.
26908114	0	34	theme	Release-Modulated	0:16	arg1	Activity					30:37	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity	0:37	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	0:78	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer.
26908114	3	35	theme	potential	476:484	arg1	measurements					486:497	zeta potential measurements	471:497	zeta potential measurements	471:497	The hybrid polymer has been characterized by UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies as well as zeta potential measurements and SEM imaging.
26908114	1	36	theme	therapeutic	115:125	arg1	potential					127:135	immense therapeutic potential	107:135	immense therapeutic potential	107:135	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	9	37	theme	full	1484:1487	arg1	restoration					1489:1499	full restoration	1484:1499	full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential	1484:1535	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer, however, is accompanied by full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential.
26908114	13	38	theme	improved	2255:2262	arg1	stability					2264:2272	improved stability	2255:2272	improved stability	2255:2272	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	6	39	theme	curcumin	919:926	arg1	solubility					936:945	curcumin aqueous solubility	919:945	curcumin aqueous solubility	919:945	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan has greatly improved curcumin aqueous solubility and stability, with no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution.
26908114	11	40	theme	curcumin	1898:1905	arg1	loading					1907:1913	1% curcumin loading	1895:1913	1% curcumin loading	1895:1913	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	8	41	dep	phenols	1257:1263	arg1	one					1266:1268	one	1266:1268	one	1266:1268	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	8	41	dep	phenols	1257:1263	arg1	groups					1305:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	9	42	theme	curcumin	1430:1437	arg1	release					1419:1425	Hydrolysis-based release	1402:1425	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer	1402:1454	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer, however, is accompanied by full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential.
26908114	10	43	from	chitosan	1719:1726	arg1	release					1706:1712	hydrolytic release	1695:1712	hydrolytic release from chitosan	1695:1726	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	4	44	theme	gel	565:567	arg1	chromatography					580:593	gel permeation chromatography	565:593	gel permeation chromatography	565:593	The conjugation reactivity was confirmed through gel permeation chromatography and quantification of unconjugated curcumin.
26908114	10	45	theme	radical	1576:1582	arg1	potential					1595:1603	curcumin radical scavenging potential	1567:1603	curcumin radical scavenging potential	1567:1603	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	2	46	theme	coupling	341:348	arg1	chemistry					350:358	amide bond coupling chemistry	330:358	amide bond coupling chemistry	330:358	To overcome these shortcomings, curcumin has been conjugated to chitosan through a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry.
26908114	13	47	theme	phenol	2220:2225	arg1	modification					2233:2244	a phenol ester modification	2218:2244	a phenol ester modification	2218:2244	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	9	48	from	polymer	1448:1454	arg1	release					1419:1425	Hydrolysis-based release	1402:1425	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer	1402:1454	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer, however, is accompanied by full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential.
26908114	5	49	theme	infrared	837:844	arg1	spectroscopies					846:859	infrared spectroscopies	837:859	infrared spectroscopies	837:859	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	5	50	theme	small	694:698	arg1	analogue					709:716	a small molecule analogue	692:716	a small molecule analogue for chitosan	692:729	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	5	50	theme	small	694:698	arg1	glucosamine					679:689	glucosamine	679:689	glucosamine	679:689	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	8	51	theme	conjugation	1196:1206	arg1	strategy					1208:1215	This conjugation strategy	1191:1215	This conjugation strategy	1191:1215	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	6	52	theme	significant	970:980	arg1	degradation					991:1001	no significant curcumin degradation	967:1001	no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution	967:1038	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan has greatly improved curcumin aqueous solubility and stability, with no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution.
26908114	4	53	theme	unconjugated	617:628	arg1	curcumin					630:637	unconjugated curcumin	617:637	unconjugated curcumin	617:637	The conjugation reactivity was confirmed through gel permeation chromatography and quantification of unconjugated curcumin.
26908114	7	54	dep	perturbed	1110:1118	arg1	shifts					1126:1131	λmax shifts	1121:1131	λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively	1121:1159	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	2	55	theme	glutaric	298:305	arg1	linker					317:322	a pendant glutaric anhydride linker	288:322	a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry	288:358	To overcome these shortcomings, curcumin has been conjugated to chitosan through a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry.
26908114	1	56	theme	rapid	176:180	arg1	degradation					182:192	rapid degradation	176:192	rapid degradation	176:192	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	0	57	theme	Curcumin-Chitosan	54:70	arg1	Polymer					72:78	a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	42:78	a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	42:78	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer.
26908114	10	58	theme	antioxidant	1656:1666	arg1	potential					1668:1676	full antioxidant potential	1651:1676	full antioxidant potential	1651:1676	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	11	59	theme	Release	1729:1735	arg1	studies					1737:1743	Release studies	1729:1743	Release studies	1729:1743	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	7	60	theme	nm	1144:1145	arg1	shifts					1126:1131	λmax shifts	1121:1131	λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively	1121:1159	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	2	61	theme	amide	330:334	arg1	chemistry					350:358	amide bond coupling chemistry	330:358	amide bond coupling chemistry	330:358	To overcome these shortcomings, curcumin has been conjugated to chitosan through a pendant glutaric anhydride linker using amide bond coupling chemistry.
26908114	12	62	theme	known	2001:2005	arg1	activity					2025:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	8	63	theme	antioxidant	1282:1292	arg1	groups					1305:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	11	64	theme	curcumin/mg	1854:1864	arg1	solution					1877:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution	1839:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer	1839:1928	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	5	65	theme	analogous	643:651	arg1	reaction					653:660	An analogous reaction	640:660	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan,	640:730	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	13	66	theme	curcumin	2368:2375	arg1	potential					2355:2363	the full antioxidant potential	2334:2363	the full antioxidant potential of curcumin	2334:2375	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	12	67	theme	esterase	2016:2023	arg1	activity					2025:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	8	68	theme	groups	1305:1310	arg1	one					1266:1268	one	1266:1268	one	1266:1268	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	8	68	theme	groups	1305:1310	arg1	groups					1305:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	the main antioxidant functional groups	1273:1310	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	11	69	theme	0.12	1846:1849	arg1	solution					1877:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution	1839:1884	0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer	1839:1928	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	5	70	theme	purified	754:761	arg1	product					763:769	the purified product	750:769	the purified product	750:769	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	9	71	theme	potential	1527:1535	arg1	restoration					1489:1499	full restoration	1484:1499	full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential	1484:1535	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer, however, is accompanied by full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential.
26908114	8	72	theme	phenols	1257:1263	arg1	use					1226:1228	use	1226:1228	use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups)	1226:1311	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	12	73	theme	release	2155:2161	arg1	mechanism					2163:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	73	theme	release	2155:2161	arg1	hydrolysis					2128:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	7	74	theme	λmax	1121:1124	arg1	shifts					1126:1131	λmax shifts	1121:1131	λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively	1121:1159	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	13	75	theme	curcumin	2189:2196	arg1	Conjugation					2174:2184	Conjugation	2174:2184	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification	2174:2244	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	6	76	from	month	1022:1026	arg1	solution					1031:1038	solution	1031:1038	solution	1031:1038	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan has greatly improved curcumin aqueous solubility and stability, with no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution.
26908114	13	77	theme	full	2338:2341	arg1	potential					2355:2363	the full antioxidant potential	2334:2363	the full antioxidant potential of curcumin	2334:2375	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	12	78	theme	simple	2115:2120	arg1	mechanism					2163:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	the dominant release mechanism	2142:2171	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	78	theme	simple	2115:2120	arg1	hydrolysis					2128:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	simple ester hydrolysis	2115:2137	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	11	79	theme	solution	1877:1884	arg1	concentration					1822:1834	a concentration	1820:1834	a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer	1820:1928	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	7	80	theme	curcumin	1087:1094	arg1	properties					1073:1082	The absorbance and fluorescence properties	1041:1082	properties	1073:1082	The absorbance and fluorescence properties of curcumin are minimally perturbed (λmax shifts of 2 and 5 nm, respectively) by the conjugation reaction.
26908114	11	81	theme	1	1895:1895	arg1	%					1896:1896	%	1896:1896	%	1896:1896	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	13	82	theme	ester	2307:2311	arg1	hydrolysis					2313:2322	ester hydrolysis	2307:2322	ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin	2307:2375	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26908114	4	83	theme	conjugation	520:530	arg1	reactivity					532:541	The conjugation reactivity	516:541	The conjugation reactivity	516:541	The conjugation reactivity was confirmed through gel permeation chromatography and quantification of unconjugated curcumin.
26908114	1	84	from	degradation	182:192	arg1	solution					197:204	solution	197:204	solution	197:204	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	12	85	theme	anhydrase	1975:1983	arg1	presence					1954:1961	the presence	1950:1961	the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity,	1950:2033	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	12	86	from	studies	1939:1945	arg1	presence					1954:1961	the presence	1950:1961	the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity,	1950:2033	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	8	87	theme	antioxidant	1380:1390	arg1	capacity					1392:1399	its antioxidant capacity	1376:1399	its antioxidant capacity	1376:1399	This conjugation strategy required use of one out of two curcumin phenols (one of the main antioxidant functional groups) for covalent linkage to chitosan, thus temporarily attenuating its antioxidant capacity.
26908114	11	88	theme	%	1896:1896	arg1	loading					1907:1913	1% curcumin loading	1895:1913	1% curcumin loading	1895:1913	Release studies show that curcumin is released over 19 days from the polymer and maintains a concentration of 0.23 ± 0.12 μM curcumin/mg polymer/mL solution based on 1% curcumin loading on the polymer.
26908114	5	89	theme	mass	788:791	arg1	spectrometry					793:804	mass spectrometry	788:804	mass spectrometry	788:804	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	12	90	with	enzyme	1989:1994	arg1	activity					2025:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	known phenolic esterase activity	2001:2032	Release studies in the presence of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme with known phenolic esterase activity, show no significant difference from nonenzymatic release studies, implying that simple ester hydrolysis is the dominant release mechanism.
26908114	5	91	theme	curcumin	665:672	arg1	reaction					653:660	An analogous reaction	640:660	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan,	640:730	An analogous reaction of curcumin with glucosamine, a small molecule analogue for chitosan, was performed and the purified product characterized by mass spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies.
26908114	3	92	theme	hybrid	365:370	arg1	polymer					372:378	The hybrid polymer	361:378	The hybrid polymer	361:378	The hybrid polymer has been characterized by UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies as well as zeta potential measurements and SEM imaging.
26908114	0	93	theme	Antioxidant	18:28	arg1	Activity					30:37	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity	0:37	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	0:78	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer.
26908114	10	94	theme	hydrolytic	1695:1704	arg1	release					1706:1712	hydrolytic release	1695:1712	hydrolytic release from chitosan	1695:1726	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	1	95	theme	immense	107:113	arg1	potential					127:135	immense therapeutic potential	107:135	immense therapeutic potential	107:135	Curcumin is known to have immense therapeutic potential but is hindered by poor solubility and rapid degradation in solution.
26908114	0	96	theme	Composite	44:52	arg1	Polymer					72:78	a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	42:78	a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	42:78	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer.
26908114	9	97	theme	Hydrolysis-based	1402:1417	arg1	release					1419:1425	Hydrolysis-based release	1402:1425	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer	1402:1454	Hydrolysis-based release of curcumin from the polymer, however, is accompanied by full restoration of curcumin's antioxidant potential.
26908114	6	98	theme	aqueous	928:934	arg1	solubility					936:945	curcumin aqueous solubility	919:945	curcumin aqueous solubility	919:945	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan has greatly improved curcumin aqueous solubility and stability, with no significant curcumin degradation detected after one month in solution.
26908114	10	99	theme	Antioxidant	1538:1548	arg1	assays					1550:1555	Antioxidant assays	1538:1555	Antioxidant assays	1538:1555	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	3	100	theme	zeta	471:474	arg1	measurements					486:497	zeta potential measurements	471:497	zeta potential measurements	471:497	The hybrid polymer has been characterized by UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies as well as zeta potential measurements and SEM imaging.
26908114	0	101	theme	Polymer	72:78	arg1	Activity					30:37	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity	0:37	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer	0:78	Release-Modulated Antioxidant Activity of a Composite Curcumin-Chitosan Polymer.
26908114	4	102	theme	permeation	569:578	arg1	chromatography					580:593	gel permeation chromatography	565:593	gel permeation chromatography	565:593	The conjugation reactivity was confirmed through gel permeation chromatography and quantification of unconjugated curcumin.
26908114	10	103	theme	scavenging	1584:1593	arg1	potential					1595:1603	curcumin radical scavenging potential	1567:1603	curcumin radical scavenging potential	1567:1603	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	10	104	theme	curcumin	1567:1574	arg1	potential					1595:1603	curcumin radical scavenging potential	1567:1603	curcumin radical scavenging potential	1567:1603	Antioxidant assays show that curcumin radical scavenging potential is reduced by 40% after conjugation, but that full antioxidant potential is restored upon hydrolytic release from chitosan.
26908114	3	105	theme	SEM	503:505	arg1	imaging					507:513	SEM imaging	503:513	SEM imaging	503:513	The hybrid polymer has been characterized by UV-visible, fluorescence, and infrared spectroscopies as well as zeta potential measurements and SEM imaging.
26908114	13	106	theme	ester	2227:2231	arg1	modification					2233:2244	a phenol ester modification	2218:2244	a phenol ester modification	2218:2244	Conjugation of curcumin to chitosan through a phenol ester modification provides improved stability and solubility to curcumin, with ester hydrolysis restoring the full antioxidant potential of curcumin.
26337896	6	0	theme	biodegradation	1271:1284	arg1	pathway					1286:1292	the biodegradation pathway	1267:1292	the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione	1267:1306	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	9	1	dep	20 mg kg	1804:1811	arg1	to					1801:1802	to	1801:1802	to	1801:1802	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	9	1	dep	20 mg kg	1804:1811	arg1	-1					1813:1814	-1	1813:1814	-1	1813:1814	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	10	2	theme	bacteria-immobilizing	1892:1912	arg1	support					1914:1920	bacteria-immobilizing support	1892:1920	bacteria-immobilizing support	1892:1920	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	3	3	theme	bacterial	535:543	arg1	immobilization					545:558	bacterial immobilization	535:558	bacterial immobilization	535:558	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	1	4	theme	soils	272:276	arg1	bioremediation					241:254	bioremediation	241:254	bioremediation of contaminated soils	241:276	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment usually fail to degrade pollutants when used for bioremediation of contaminated soils; thus, additional treatments are needed to enhance biodegradation.
26337896	9	5	theme	low	1765:1767	arg1	concentrations					1769:1782	low concentrations	1765:1782	low concentrations of mesotrione	1765:1796	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	7	6	theme	soil	1509:1512	arg1	environment					1514:1524	the soil environment	1505:1524	the soil environment	1505:1524	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	4	7	theme	Scanning	712:719	arg1	SEM					742:744	SEM	742:744	SEM	742:744	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	4	7	theme	Scanning	712:719	arg1	microscope					730:739	Scanning electron microscope	712:739	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images	712:752	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	5	8	theme	60 mesh	972:978	arg1	bagasse					953:959	bagasse	953:959	bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria	953:1097	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	5	9	theme	bacteria	1090:1097	arg1	activity					1074:1081	a high degrading activity	1057:1081	a high degrading activity of the bacteria	1057:1097	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	10	10	theme	mesotrione	1933:1942	arg1	degradation					1944:1954	mesotrione degradation	1933:1954	mesotrione degradation	1933:1954	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	4	11	theme	bacterial	770:778	arg1	cells					780:784	the bacterial cells	766:784	the bacterial cells	766:784	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	4	12	theme	electron	721:728	arg1	SEM					742:744	SEM	742:744	SEM	742:744	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	4	12	theme	electron	721:728	arg1	microscope					730:739	Scanning electron microscope	712:739	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images	712:752	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	9	13	theme	mesotrione	1787:1796	arg1	concentrations					1769:1782	low concentrations	1765:1782	low concentrations of mesotrione	1765:1796	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	8	14	theme	over	1547:1550	arg1	mesotrione					1560:1569	mesotrione	1560:1569	mesotrione	1560:1569	In the field tests, over 75 % of mesotrione in soil was degraded within 14 days.
26337896	8	14	theme	over	1547:1550	arg1	%					1555:1555	75 %	1552:1555	over 75 % of mesotrione in soil	1547:1577	In the field tests, over 75 % of mesotrione in soil was degraded within 14 days.
26337896	6	15	theme	mesotrione	1297:1306	arg1	pathway					1286:1292	the biodegradation pathway	1267:1292	the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione	1267:1306	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	16	theme	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic	1196:1226	arg1	metabolites					1252:1262	the main metabolites	1243:1262	the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione	1243:1306	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	16	theme	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic	1196:1226	arg1	MNBA					1234:1237	MNBA	1234:1237	MNBA	1234:1237	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	16	theme	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic	1196:1226	arg1	acid					1228:1231	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid	1196:1231	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA)	1196:1238	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	16	theme	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic	1196:1226	arg1	acid					1180:1183	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid	1148:1183	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA)	1148:1190	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	2	17	theme	bacteria-immobilizing	405:425	arg1	support					427:433	bacteria-immobilizing support	405:433	bacteria-immobilizing support	405:433	In the present study, the potential of sugarcane bagasse as bacteria-immobilizing support was investigated in mesotrione biodegradation.
26337896	0	18	from	immobilization	33:46	arg1	bioremediation					88:101	bioremediation	88:101	bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils	88:134	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	7	19	theme	molasses	1405:1412	arg1	molasses					1405:1412	molasses	1405:1412	molasses	1405:1412	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	7	19	theme	molasses	1405:1412	arg1	%					1400:1400	5.0 %	1396:1400	5.0 % of molasses	1396:1412	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	1	20	attach	isolated	166:173	arg2	microorganisms					151:164	The degrading microorganisms	137:164	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment	137:190	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment usually fail to degrade pollutants when used for bioremediation of contaminated soils; thus, additional treatments are needed to enhance biodegradation.
26337896	1	20	attach	isolated	166:173	arg1	environment					180:190	environment	180:190	environment	180:190	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment usually fail to degrade pollutants when used for bioremediation of contaminated soils; thus, additional treatments are needed to enhance biodegradation.
26337896	9	21	theme	pH	1702:1703	arg1	5.0-8.0					1713:1719	5.0-8.0	1713:1719	5.0-8.0	1713:1719	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	9	21	theme	pH	1702:1703	arg1	values					1705:1710	pH values	1702:1710	pH values (5.0-8.0)	1702:1720	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	10	22	theme	Bacillus	1959:1966	arg1	HZ-2					1971:1974	Bacillus p. HZ-2	1959:1974	Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils	1959:1996	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	2	23	theme	bagasse	394:400	arg1	potential					371:379	the potential	367:379	the potential of sugarcane bagasse as bacteria-immobilizing support	367:433	In the present study, the potential of sugarcane bagasse as bacteria-immobilizing support was investigated in mesotrione biodegradation.
26337896	10	24	theme	good	1874:1877	arg1	candidate					1879:1887	a good candidate	1872:1887	a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils	1872:1996	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	10	24	theme	good	1874:1877	arg1	bagasse					1855:1861	sugarcane bagasse	1845:1861	sugarcane bagasse	1845:1861	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	1	25	theme	additional	285:294	arg1	treatments					296:305	additional treatments	285:305	additional treatments	285:305	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment usually fail to degrade pollutants when used for bioremediation of contaminated soils; thus, additional treatments are needed to enhance biodegradation.
26337896	5	26	theme	degrading	1064:1072	arg1	activity					1074:1081	a high degrading activity	1057:1081	a high degrading activity of the bacteria	1057:1097	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	10	27	from	HZ-2	1971:1974	arg1	soils					1992:1996	contaminated soils	1979:1996	contaminated soils	1979:1996	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	2	28	theme	sugarcane	384:392	arg1	bagasse					394:400	sugarcane bagasse	384:400	sugarcane bagasse	384:400	In the present study, the potential of sugarcane bagasse as bacteria-immobilizing support was investigated in mesotrione biodegradation.
26337896	9	29	dep	degraded	1674:1681	arg1	20 mg kg					1804:1811	20 mg kg	1804:1811	20 mg kg	1804:1811	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	8	30	theme	mesotrione	1560:1569	arg1	mesotrione					1560:1569	mesotrione	1560:1569	mesotrione	1560:1569	In the field tests, over 75 % of mesotrione in soil was degraded within 14 days.
26337896	8	30	theme	mesotrione	1560:1569	arg1	%					1555:1555	75 %	1552:1555	over 75 % of mesotrione in soil	1547:1577	In the field tests, over 75 % of mesotrione in soil was degraded within 14 days.
26337896	0	31	theme	soils	130:134	arg1	bioremediation					88:101	bioremediation	88:101	bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils	88:134	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	5	32	theme	100	964:966	arg1	bagasse					953:959	bagasse	953:959	bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria	953:1097	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	4	33	theme	bagasse	832:838	arg1	surface					840:846	bagasse surface	832:846	bagasse surface	832:846	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	3	34	theme	Bacillus	498:505	arg1	HZ-2					515:518	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	498:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	482:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	2	35	theme	mesotrione	455:464	arg1	biodegradation					466:479	mesotrione biodegradation	455:479	mesotrione biodegradation	455:479	In the present study, the potential of sugarcane bagasse as bacteria-immobilizing support was investigated in mesotrione biodegradation.
26337896	0	36	theme	mesotrione-contaminated	106:128	arg1	soils					130:134	mesotrione-contaminated soils	106:134	mesotrione-contaminated soils	106:134	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	3	37	theme	pumilus	507:513	arg1	HZ-2					515:518	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	498:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	482:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	4	38	theme	microscope	730:739	arg1	images					747:752	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images	712:752	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images	712:752	Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bacterial cells were strongly absorbed and fully dispersed on bagasse surface after immobilization.
26337896	9	39	theme	values	1705:1710	arg1	range					1693:1697	a wide range	1686:1697	a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C)	1686:1748	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	3	40	theme	initial	619:625	arg1	concentrations					627:640	initial concentrations	619:640	initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests	619:709	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	3	41	theme	novel	484:488	arg1	isolate					490:496	A novel isolate	482:496	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	482:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	7	42	theme	mesotrione	1352:1361	arg1	mesotrione					1352:1361	mesotrione	1352:1361	mesotrione	1352:1361	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	7	42	theme	mesotrione	1352:1361	arg1	%					1347:1347	approximately 90 %	1330:1347	approximately 90 % of mesotrione	1330:1361	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	10	43	theme	contaminated	1979:1990	arg1	soils					1992:1996	contaminated soils	1979:1996	contaminated soils	1979:1996	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	8	44	from	%	1555:1555	arg1	soil					1574:1577	soil	1574:1577	soil	1574:1577	In the field tests, over 75 % of mesotrione in soil was degraded within 14 days.
26337896	9	45	theme	immobilized	1612:1622	arg1	preparation					1624:1634	The immobilized preparation	1608:1634	The immobilized preparation	1608:1634	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	10	46	theme	p.	1968:1969	arg1	HZ-2					1971:1974	Bacillus p. HZ-2	1959:1974	Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils	1959:1996	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	0	47	theme	Bacillus	51:58	arg1	HZ-2					68:71	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	51:71	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	51:71	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	9	48	theme	temperatures	1726:1737	arg1	range					1693:1697	a wide range	1686:1697	a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C)	1686:1748	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	3	49	from	4 days	681:686	arg1	tests					705:709	flask-shaking tests	691:709	flask-shaking tests	691:709	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	3	50	theme	mesotrione	605:614	arg1	mesotrione					605:614	mesotrione	605:614	mesotrione	605:614	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	3	50	theme	mesotrione	605:614	arg1	%					600:600	95 %	597:600	95 % of mesotrione	597:614	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	6	51	theme	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic	1148:1178	arg1	AMBA					1186:1189	AMBA	1186:1189	AMBA	1186:1189	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	51	theme	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic	1148:1178	arg1	metabolites					1252:1262	the main metabolites	1243:1262	the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione	1243:1306	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	51	theme	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic	1148:1178	arg1	acid					1180:1183	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid	1148:1183	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA)	1148:1190	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	51	theme	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic	1148:1178	arg1	acid					1228:1231	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid	1196:1231	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA)	1196:1238	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	52	theme	main	1247:1250	arg1	metabolites					1252:1262	the main metabolites	1243:1262	the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione	1243:1306	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	52	theme	main	1247:1250	arg1	acid					1180:1183	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid	1148:1183	2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA)	1148:1190	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	6	52	theme	main	1247:1250	arg1	acid					1228:1231	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid	1196:1231	4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA)	1196:1238	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	9	53	theme	wide	1688:1691	arg1	range					1693:1697	a wide range	1686:1697	a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C)	1686:1748	The immobilized preparation demonstrated that mesotrione could be degraded at a wide range of pH values (5.0-8.0) and temperatures (25-35 °C), especially at low concentrations of mesotrione (5 to 20 mg kg(-1)).
26337896	2	54	theme	present	352:358	arg1	study					360:364	the present study	348:364	the present study	348:364	In the present study, the potential of sugarcane bagasse as bacteria-immobilizing support was investigated in mesotrione biodegradation.
26337896	6	55	from	metabolites	1252:1262	arg1	pathway					1286:1292	the biodegradation pathway	1267:1292	the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione	1267:1306	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	7	56	theme	microbial	1468:1476	arg1	adaptability					1478:1489	microbial adaptability	1468:1489	microbial adaptability	1468:1489	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	3	57	theme	flask-shaking	691:703	arg1	tests					705:709	flask-shaking tests	691:709	flask-shaking tests	691:709	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	6	58	theme	products	1128:1135	arg1	Analysis					1100:1107	Analysis	1100:1107	Analysis of the degradation products	1100:1135	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	7	59	theme	bacteria-bagasse	1417:1432	arg1	composite					1434:1442	bacteria-bagasse composite	1417:1442	bacteria-bagasse composite	1417:1442	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	3	60	dep	200 mg L	661:668	arg1	to					658:659	to	658:659	to	658:659	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	5	61	theme	high	1059:1062	arg1	activity					1074:1081	a high degrading activity	1057:1081	a high degrading activity of the bacteria	1057:1097	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	3	62	dep	isolate	490:496	arg1	HZ-2					515:518	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	498:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	482:518	A novel isolate Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 was applied in bacterial immobilization, which was capable of degrading over 95 % of mesotrione at initial concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 mg L(-1) within 4 days in flask-shaking tests.
26337896	6	63	theme	degradation	1116:1126	arg1	products					1128:1135	the degradation products	1112:1135	the degradation products	1112:1135	Analysis of the degradation products determined 2-amino-4-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid (AMBA) and 4-methylsulfonyl-2-nitrobenzoic acid (MNBA) as the main metabolites in the biodegradation pathway of mesotrione.
26337896	0	64	theme	HZ-2	68:71	arg1	immobilization					33:46	immobilization	33:46	immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	33:71	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	0	64	theme	HZ-2	68:71	arg1	use					81:83	its use	77:83	its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils	77:134	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	0	65	from	use	81:83	arg1	bioremediation					88:101	bioremediation	88:101	bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils	88:134	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	1	66	theme	degrading	141:149	arg1	microorganisms					151:164	The degrading microorganisms	137:164	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment	137:190	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment usually fail to degrade pollutants when used for bioremediation of contaminated soils; thus, additional treatments are needed to enhance biodegradation.
26337896	10	67	theme	sugarcane	1845:1853	arg1	candidate					1879:1887	a good candidate	1872:1887	a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils	1872:1996	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	10	67	theme	sugarcane	1845:1853	arg1	bagasse					1855:1861	sugarcane bagasse	1845:1861	sugarcane bagasse	1845:1861	These results showed that sugarcane bagasse might be a good candidate as bacteria-immobilizing support to enhance mesotrione degradation by Bacillus p. HZ-2 in contaminated soils.
26337896	0	68	theme	pumilus	60:66	arg1	HZ-2					68:71	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	51:71	Bacillus pumilus HZ-2	51:71	Sugarcane bagasse as support for immobilization of Bacillus pumilus HZ-2 and its use in bioremediation of mesotrione-contaminated soils.
26337896	8	69	theme	field	1534:1538	arg1	tests					1540:1544	the field tests	1530:1544	the field tests	1530:1544	In the field tests, over 75 % of mesotrione in soil was degraded within 14 days.
26337896	7	70	theme	sterile	1316:1322	arg1	soil					1324:1327	the sterile soil	1312:1327	the sterile soil	1312:1327	In the sterile soil, approximately 90 % of mesotrione was degraded after supplementing 5.0 % of molasses in bacteria-bagasse composite, which greatly enhanced microbial adaptability and growth in the soil environment.
26337896	5	71	theme	mesotrione	900:909	arg1	mesotrione					900:909	mesotrione	900:909	mesotrione	900:909	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	5	71	theme	mesotrione	900:909	arg1	%					895:895	86.5 and 82.9 %	881:895	86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione	881:909	Specially, 86.5 and 82.9 % of mesotrione was eliminated by bacteria immobilized on bagasse of 100 and 60 mesh, respectively, which indicated that this immobilization was able to maintain a high degrading activity of the bacteria.
26337896	1	72	theme	contaminated	259:270	arg1	soils					272:276	contaminated soils	259:276	contaminated soils	259:276	The degrading microorganisms isolated from environment usually fail to degrade pollutants when used for bioremediation of contaminated soils; thus, additional treatments are needed to enhance biodegradation.
26017898	7	0	theme	higher	1110:1115	arg1	rate					1117:1120	a higher rate	1108:1120	a higher rate of myocardial infarction	1108:1145	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	10	1	theme	significant	1737:1747	arg1	risk					1749:1752	a significant risk	1735:1752	a significant risk of bleeding	1735:1764	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	3	2	from	s	452:452	arg1	therapy					475:481	any antiplatelet therapy	458:481	any antiplatelet therapy	458:481	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	1	3	theme	coronary	171:178	arg1	stents					180:185	coronary stents	171:185	coronary stents	171:185	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	4	4	theme	30-day	590:595	arg1	incidence					597:605	the 30-day incidence	586:605	the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	586:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	4	theme	30-day	590:595	arg1	endpoint					573:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	0	5	theme	bleeding	82:89	arg1	outcomes					91:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes	70:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery	70:149	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	5	6	theme	bleedings	897:905	arg1	composite					839:847	the 30-day composite	828:847	the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2	828:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	6	theme	bleedings	897:905	arg1	2					909:909	2	909:909	2	909:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	6	theme	bleedings	897:905	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	6	theme	bleedings	897:905	arg1	endpoint					815:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	0	7	theme	stented	103:109	arg1	patients					111:118	stented patients	103:118	stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery	103:149	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	0	8	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	outcomes					91:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes	70:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery	70:149	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	1	9	with	patients	157:164	arg1	stents					180:185	coronary stents	171:185	coronary stents	171:185	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	8	10	theme	pairs	1293:1297	arg1	propensity					1266:1275	the propensity matching	1262:1284	the propensity matching of 179 pairs	1262:1297	This finding was consistent across several instances of statistical adjustment and after the propensity matching of 179 pairs.
26017898	8	11	theme	several	1208:1214	arg1	instances					1216:1224	several instances	1208:1224	several instances of statistical adjustment	1208:1250	This finding was consistent across several instances of statistical adjustment and after the propensity matching of 179 pairs.
26017898	8	12	theme	adjustment	1241:1250	arg1	instances					1216:1224	several instances	1208:1224	several instances of statistical adjustment	1208:1250	This finding was consistent across several instances of statistical adjustment and after the propensity matching of 179 pairs.
26017898	4	13	theme	cardiac	695:701	arg1	death					703:707	cardiac death	695:707	cardiac death	695:707	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	9	14	theme	bleedings	1380:1388	arg1	≥					1390:1390	BARC bleedings ≥ 2	1375:1392	BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002)	1375:1420	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	2	15	theme	approach	355:362	arg1	safety					340:345	safety	340:345	safety	340:345	However, the efficacy and safety of this approach is poorly understood.
26017898	2	15	theme	approach	355:362	arg1	efficacy					327:334	efficacy	327:334	efficacy	327:334	However, the efficacy and safety of this approach is poorly understood.
26017898	5	16	theme	30-day	832:837	arg1	composite					839:847	the 30-day composite	828:847	the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2	828:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	16	theme	30-day	832:837	arg1	2					909:909	2	909:909	2	909:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	16	theme	30-day	832:837	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	16	theme	30-day	832:837	arg1	endpoint					815:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	4	17	theme	cerebrovascular	635:649	arg1	MACCE					659:663	MACCE	659:663	MACCE	659:663	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	17	theme	cerebrovascular	635:649	arg1	events					651:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events	610:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	610:664	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	3	18	with	patients	423:430	arg1	s					452:452	coronary stent(s)	437:453	coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy	437:481	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	5	19	theme	Research	870:877	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	20	theme	Bleeding	852:859	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	0	21	theme	patients	111:118	arg1	outcomes					91:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes	70:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery	70:149	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	10	22	theme	bleeding	1757:1764	arg1	practice					1671:1678	a common and possibly harmful practice	1641:1678	a common and possibly harmful practice	1641:1678	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	10	22	theme	bleeding	1757:1764	arg1	risk					1749:1752	a significant risk	1735:1752	a significant risk of bleeding	1735:1764	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	10	22	theme	bleeding	1757:1764	arg1	LMWH					1572:1575	LMWH	1572:1575	LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery	1572:1636	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	3	23	theme	patients	423:430	arg1	This					386:389	This	386:389	This	386:389	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	3	23	theme	patients	423:430	arg1	analysis					411:418	a retrospective analysis	395:418	a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012	395:549	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	5	24	theme	safety	808:813	arg1	composite					839:847	the 30-day composite	828:847	the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2	828:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	24	theme	safety	808:813	arg1	2					909:909	2	909:909	2	909:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	24	theme	safety	808:813	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	24	theme	safety	808:813	arg1	endpoint					815:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	1	25	theme	non-cardiac	195:205	arg1	surgery					207:213	non-cardiac surgery	195:213	non-cardiac surgery	195:213	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	5	26	theme	primary	800:806	arg1	composite					839:847	the 30-day composite	828:847	the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2	828:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	26	theme	primary	800:806	arg1	2					909:909	2	909:909	2	909:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	26	theme	primary	800:806	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	26	theme	primary	800:806	arg1	endpoint					815:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	9	27	theme	adjustment	1521:1530	arg1	methods					1498:1504	different methods	1488:1504	different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching	1488:1554	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	4	28	theme	efficacy	564:571	arg1	incidence					597:605	the 30-day incidence	586:605	the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	586:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	28	theme	efficacy	564:571	arg1	endpoint					573:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	29	theme	acute	733:737	arg1	syndrome					748:755	acute coronary syndrome	733:755	acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation	733:782	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	3	30	theme	coronary	437:444	arg1	s					452:452	coronary stent(s)	437:453	coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy	437:481	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	3	31	theme	retrospective	397:409	arg1	This					386:389	This	386:389	This	386:389	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	3	31	theme	retrospective	397:409	arg1	analysis					411:418	a retrospective analysis	395:418	a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012	395:549	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	1	32	theme	clinical	295:302	arg1	practice					304:311	clinical practice	295:311	clinical practice	295:311	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	1	33	from	practice	304:311	arg1	infrequent					281:290	infrequent	281:290	infrequent	281:290	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	8	34	theme	statistical	1229:1239	arg1	adjustment					1241:1250	statistical adjustment	1229:1250	statistical adjustment	1229:1250	This finding was consistent across several instances of statistical adjustment and after the propensity matching of 179 pairs.
26017898	10	35	from	practice	1671:1678	arg1	conclusion					1560:1569	conclusion	1560:1569	conclusion	1560:1569	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	3	36	theme	stent	446:450	arg1	s					452:452	coronary stent(s)	437:453	coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy	437:481	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	7	37	dep	LMWH	1066:1069	arg1	p=0.001					1088:1094	p=0.001	1088:1094	p=0.001	1088:1094	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	7	37	dep	LMWH	1066:1069	arg1	%					1076:1076	7.2 %	1072:1076	7.2 %	1072:1076	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	7	37	dep	LMWH	1066:1069	arg1	%					1085:1085	1.1 %	1081:1085	1.1 %	1081:1085	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	4	38	theme	primary	556:562	arg1	incidence					597:605	the 30-day incidence	586:605	the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	586:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	38	theme	primary	556:562	arg1	endpoint					573:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	1	39	from	infrequent	281:290	arg1	practice					304:311	clinical practice	295:311	clinical practice	295:311	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	4	40	theme	syndrome	748:755	arg1	infarction					721:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	40	theme	syndrome	748:755	arg1	syndrome					748:755	acute coronary syndrome	733:755	acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation	733:782	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	40	theme	syndrome	748:755	arg1	composite					682:690	the composite	678:690	the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	678:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	40	theme	syndrome	748:755	arg1	death					703:707	cardiac death	695:707	cardiac death	695:707	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	40	theme	syndrome	748:755	arg1	stroke					788:793	stroke	788:793	stroke	788:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	10	41	with	patients	1589:1596	arg1	stents					1612:1617	coronary stents	1603:1617	coronary stents undergoing surgery	1603:1636	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	1	42	theme	bridging	216:223	arg1	therapy					225:231	bridging therapy	216:231	bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)	216:272	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	0	43	theme	bridging	10:17	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.	0:150	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	0	44	theme	non-cardiac	131:141	arg1	surgery					143:149	non-cardiac surgery	131:149	non-cardiac surgery	131:149	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	9	45	theme	statistical	1509:1519	arg1	adjustment					1521:1530	statistical adjustment	1509:1530	statistical adjustment	1509:1530	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	4	46	theme	coronary	739:746	arg1	syndrome					748:755	acute coronary syndrome	733:755	acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation	733:782	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	3	47	theme	antiplatelet	462:473	arg1	therapy					475:481	any antiplatelet therapy	458:481	any antiplatelet therapy	458:481	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	0	48	theme	low-molecular-weight	38:57	arg1	heparin					59:65	perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin	24:65	perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin	24:65	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	5	49	theme	2	909:909	arg1	composite					839:847	the 30-day composite	828:847	the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2	828:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	49	theme	2	909:909	arg1	2					909:909	2	909:909	2	909:909	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	49	theme	2	909:909	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	5	49	theme	2	909:909	arg1	endpoint					815:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint	796:822	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	10	50	theme	ischaemic	1700:1708	arg1	outcomes					1710:1717	worse ischaemic outcomes	1694:1717	worse ischaemic outcomes	1694:1717	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	5	51	theme	Consortium	879:888	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	9	52	dep	not	1449:1451	arg1	remained					1460:1467	remained	1460:1467	remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching	1460:1554	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	0	53	theme	perioperative	24:36	arg1	heparin					59:65	perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin	24:65	perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin	24:65	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	6	54	used	used	978:981	arg2	LMWH					960:963	LMWH	960:963	LMWH bridging	960:972	Among 515 patients qualifying for the analysis, LMWH bridging was used in 251 (49 %).
26017898	1	55	with	therapy	225:231	arg1	LMWH					268:271	LMWH	268:271	LMWH	268:271	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	1	55	with	therapy	225:231	arg1	heparin					259:265	low-molecular-weight heparin	238:265	low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)	238:272	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	10	56	theme	worse	1694:1698	arg1	outcomes					1710:1717	worse ischaemic outcomes	1694:1717	worse ischaemic outcomes	1694:1717	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	10	57	from	risk	1749:1752	arg1	conclusion					1560:1569	conclusion	1560:1569	conclusion	1560:1569	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	1	58	theme	low-molecular-weight	238:257	arg1	LMWH					268:271	LMWH	268:271	LMWH	268:271	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	1	58	theme	low-molecular-weight	238:257	arg1	heparin					259:265	low-molecular-weight heparin	238:265	low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)	238:272	When patients with coronary stents undergo non-cardiac surgery, bridging therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is not infrequent in clinical practice.
26017898	7	59	theme	myocardial	1125:1134	arg1	infarction					1136:1145	myocardial infarction	1125:1145	myocardial infarction	1125:1145	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	10	60	theme	common	1643:1648	arg1	practice					1671:1678	a common and possibly harmful practice	1641:1678	a common and possibly harmful practice	1641:1678	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	10	60	theme	common	1643:1648	arg1	LMWH					1572:1575	LMWH	1572:1575	LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery	1572:1636	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	3	61	theme	non-cardiac	494:504	arg1	surgery					506:512	non-cardiac surgery	494:512	non-cardiac surgery	494:512	This was a retrospective analysis of patients with coronary stent(s) on any antiplatelet therapy undergoing non-cardiac surgery between March 2003 and February 2012.
26017898	9	62	theme	BARC	1375:1378	arg1	≥					1390:1390	BARC bleedings ≥ 2	1375:1392	BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002)	1375:1420	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	8	63	theme	matching	1277:1284	arg1	propensity					1266:1275	the propensity matching	1262:1284	the propensity matching of 179 pairs	1262:1297	This finding was consistent across several instances of statistical adjustment and after the propensity matching of 179 pairs.
26017898	4	64	theme	death	703:707	arg1	infarction					721:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	64	theme	death	703:707	arg1	syndrome					748:755	acute coronary syndrome	733:755	acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation	733:782	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	64	theme	death	703:707	arg1	composite					682:690	the composite	678:690	the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	678:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	64	theme	death	703:707	arg1	death					703:707	cardiac death	695:707	cardiac death	695:707	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	64	theme	death	703:707	arg1	stroke					788:793	stroke	788:793	stroke	788:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	9	65	theme	propensity	1536:1545	arg1	methods					1498:1504	different methods	1488:1504	different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching	1488:1554	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	7	66	dep	p<	1162:1163	arg1	%					1152:1152	4.8 %	1148:1152	4.8 %	1148:1152	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	7	66	dep	p<	1162:1163	arg1	%					1159:1159	0 %	1157:1159	0 %	1157:1159	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	4	67	theme	stroke	788:793	arg1	infarction					721:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	67	theme	stroke	788:793	arg1	syndrome					748:755	acute coronary syndrome	733:755	acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation	733:782	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	67	theme	stroke	788:793	arg1	composite					682:690	the composite	678:690	the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	678:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	67	theme	stroke	788:793	arg1	death					703:707	cardiac death	695:707	cardiac death	695:707	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	67	theme	stroke	788:793	arg1	stroke					788:793	stroke	788:793	stroke	788:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	68	theme	infarction	721:730	arg1	infarction					721:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	68	theme	infarction	721:730	arg1	syndrome					748:755	acute coronary syndrome	733:755	acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation	733:782	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	68	theme	infarction	721:730	arg1	composite					682:690	the composite	678:690	the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	678:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	68	theme	infarction	721:730	arg1	death					703:707	cardiac death	695:707	cardiac death	695:707	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	68	theme	infarction	721:730	arg1	stroke					788:793	stroke	788:793	stroke	788:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	9	69	dep	≥	1390:1390	arg1	p=0.002					1413:1419	p=0.002	1413:1419	p=0.002	1413:1419	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	9	69	dep	≥	1390:1390	arg1	%					1400:1400	21.9 %	1395:1400	21.9 %	1395:1400	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	9	69	dep	≥	1390:1390	arg1	%					1410:1410	11.7 %	1405:1410	11.7 %	1405:1410	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	4	70	theme	adverse	616:622	arg1	MACCE					659:663	MACCE	659:663	MACCE	659:663	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	70	theme	adverse	616:622	arg1	events					651:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events	610:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	610:664	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	10	71	theme	coronary	1603:1610	arg1	stents					1612:1617	coronary stents	1603:1617	coronary stents undergoing surgery	1603:1636	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	4	72	theme	myocardial	710:719	arg1	infarction					721:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	myocardial infarction	710:730	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	73	theme	major	610:614	arg1	MACCE					659:663	MACCE	659:663	MACCE	659:663	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	73	theme	major	610:614	arg1	events					651:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events	610:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	610:664	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	9	74	theme	different	1488:1496	arg1	methods					1498:1504	different methods	1488:1504	different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching	1488:1554	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	9	75	theme	higher	1360:1365	arg1	risk					1367:1370	a significantly higher risk	1344:1370	a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002)	1344:1420	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	4	76	theme	events	651:656	arg1	incidence					597:605	the 30-day incidence	586:605	the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke	586:793	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	76	theme	events	651:656	arg1	endpoint					573:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint	552:580	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	9	77	theme	≥	1390:1390	arg1	risk					1367:1370	a significantly higher risk	1344:1370	a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002)	1344:1420	Patients bridged with LMWH also experienced a significantly higher risk of BARC bleedings ≥ 2 (21.9 % vs 11.7 %, p=0.002) compared to those who were not, which remained significant across different methods of statistical adjustment and propensity matching.
26017898	5	78	theme	Academic	861:868	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	0	79	theme	cardiac	70:76	arg1	outcomes					91:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes	70:98	cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery	70:149	Impact of bridging with perioperative low-molecular-weight heparin on cardiac and bleeding outcomes of stented patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
26017898	10	80	theme	harmful	1663:1669	arg1	practice					1671:1678	a common and possibly harmful practice	1641:1678	a common and possibly harmful practice	1641:1678	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	10	80	theme	harmful	1663:1669	arg1	LMWH					1572:1575	LMWH	1572:1575	LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery	1572:1636	In conclusion, LMWH bridging in patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery is a common and possibly harmful practice, resulting in worse ischaemic outcomes at 30 days, and a significant risk of bleeding.
26017898	5	81	theme	BARC	891:894	arg1	bleedings					897:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings	852:905	The primary safety endpoint was the 30-day composite of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleedings ≥ 2.
26017898	7	82	theme	infarction	1136:1145	arg1	rate					1117:1120	a higher rate	1108:1120	a higher rate of myocardial infarction	1108:1145	At 30 days, MACCE occurred more frequently in patients who received LMWH (7.2 % vs 1.1 %, p=0.001), driven by a higher rate of myocardial infarction (4.8 % vs 0 %, p< 0.001).
26017898	4	83	theme	cardiac	624:630	arg1	MACCE					659:663	MACCE	659:663	MACCE	659:663	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
26017898	4	83	theme	cardiac	624:630	arg1	events					651:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events	610:656	major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE)	610:664	The primary efficacy endpoint was the 30-day incidence of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome leading to hospitalisation, or stroke.
28984846	6	0	theme	community	916:924	arg1	composition					926:936	the microbial community composition	902:936	the microbial community composition	902:936	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	7	1	theme	centre	1102:1107	arg1	community					1109:1117	the wood centre community	1093:1117	the wood centre community	1093:1117	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	1	2	theme	hydrogen	162:169	arg1	donor					194:198	an electron donor	182:198	an electron donor	182:198	Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor.
28984846	1	2	theme	hydrogen	162:169	arg1	sulfide					171:177	hydrogen sulfide	162:177	hydrogen sulfide	162:177	Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor.
28984846	0	3	theme	ecosystem	76:84	arg1	basis					38:42	the chemical basis	25:42	the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea	25:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	4	4	theme	chemical	492:499	arg1	measurements					501:512	in situ chemical measurements	484:512	in situ chemical measurements	484:512	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	7	5	dep	potential	1144:1152	arg1	degrade					1157:1163	degrade	1157:1163	to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose	1154:1190	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	9	6	theme	wood	1552:1555	arg1	falls					1557:1561	deep-sea wood falls	1543:1561	deep-sea wood falls	1543:1561	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	7	7	theme	wood	1097:1100	arg1	community					1109:1117	the wood centre community	1093:1117	the wood centre community	1093:1117	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	8	8	theme	centre	1267:1272	arg1	communities					1274:1284	wood centre communities	1262:1284	wood centre communities	1262:1284	We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface.
28984846	9	9	theme	chemical	1464:1471	arg1	basis					1473:1477	the chemical basis	1460:1477	the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls	1460:1561	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	6	10	theme	wood	973:976	arg1	centre					978:983	the wood centre	969:983	the wood centre	969:983	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	7	11	contain	have	1127:1130	arg2	potential					1144:1152	the genetic potential	1132:1152	the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose	1132:1190	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	7	11	contain	have	1127:1130	arg1	community					1109:1117	the wood centre community	1093:1117	the wood centre community	1093:1117	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	8	12	theme	sulfate-reducing	1340:1355	arg1	bacteria					1357:1364	the sulfate-reducing bacteria	1336:1364	the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface	1336:1395	We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface.
28984846	1	13	theme	electron	185:192	arg1	donor					194:198	an electron donor	182:198	an electron donor	182:198	Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor.
28984846	1	13	theme	electron	185:192	arg1	sulfide					171:177	hydrogen sulfide	162:177	hydrogen sulfide	162:177	Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor.
28984846	5	14	theme	hydrogen	801:808	arg1	sulfide					810:816	hydrogen sulfide	801:816	hydrogen sulfide	801:816	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	2	15	from	production	205:214	arg1	wood					250:253	decaying wood	241:253	decaying wood	241:253	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	2	15	from	production	205:214	arg1	deep-sea					262:269	the deep-sea	258:269	the deep-sea	258:269	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	0	16	from	basis	38:42	arg1	deep-sea					93:100	the deep-sea	89:100	the deep-sea	89:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	6	17	from	impact	892:897	arg1	surface					950:956	the wood surface	941:956	the wood surface	941:956	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	6	17	from	impact	892:897	arg1	centre					978:983	the wood centre	969:983	the wood centre	969:983	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	6	17	from	impact	892:897	arg1	composition					926:936	the microbial community composition	902:936	the microbial community composition	902:936	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	4	18	theme	community	655:663	arg1	assemblages					665:675	wood microbial community assemblages	640:675	wood microbial community assemblages	640:675	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	3	19	theme	recent	368:373	arg1	experiments					384:394	recent mesocosm experiments	368:394	recent mesocosm experiments	368:394	However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers.
28984846	9	20	theme	deep-sea	1543:1550	arg1	falls					1557:1561	deep-sea wood falls	1543:1561	deep-sea wood falls	1543:1561	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	5	21	theme	wood-fall	755:763	arg1	communities					775:785	wood-fall microbial communities	755:785	wood-fall microbial communities	755:785	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	3	22	theme	sulfide	416:422	arg1	production					424:433	hydrogen sulfide production	407:433	hydrogen sulfide production	407:433	However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers.
28984846	3	23	theme	mesocosm	375:382	arg1	experiments					384:394	recent mesocosm experiments	368:394	recent mesocosm experiments	368:394	However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers.
28984846	6	24	theme	borers	872:877	arg1	presence					855:862	The presence	851:862	The presence of wood borers	851:877	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	7	25	theme	genetic	1136:1142	arg1	potential					1144:1152	the genetic potential	1132:1152	the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose	1132:1190	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	8	26	theme	fermentation	1294:1305	arg1	products					1307:1314	fermentation products	1294:1314	fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface	1294:1395	We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface.
28984846	9	27	from	recruitment	1497:1507	arg1	falls					1557:1561	deep-sea wood falls	1543:1561	deep-sea wood falls	1543:1561	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	2	28	from	wood	250:253	arg1	production					205:214	The production	201:214	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea	201:269	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	2	28	from	wood	250:253	arg1	sulfide					228:234	hydrogen sulfide	219:234	hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood	219:253	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	3	29	theme	wood	453:456	arg1	borers					458:463	wood borers	453:463	wood borers	453:463	However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers.
28984846	5	30	theme	Xylophaga	836:844	arg1	spp					846:848	Xylophaga spp	836:848	Xylophaga spp	836:848	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	9	31	theme	essential	1479:1487	arg1	basis					1473:1477	the chemical basis	1460:1477	the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls	1460:1561	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	7	32	theme	wood	1066:1069	arg1	borers					1071:1076	wood borers	1066:1076	wood borers	1066:1076	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	3	33	theme	borers	458:463	arg1	absence					442:448	the absence	438:448	the absence of wood borers	438:463	However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers.
28984846	2	34	theme	wood-boring	322:332	arg1	Xylophaga					344:352	Xylophaga	344:352	Xylophaga	344:352	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	2	34	theme	wood-boring	322:332	arg1	bivalves					334:341	wood-boring bivalves	322:341	wood-boring bivalves	322:341	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	5	35	theme	deep-sea	724:731	arg1	canyon					733:738	a deep-sea canyon	722:738	a deep-sea canyon	722:738	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	0	36	from	ecosystem	76:84	arg1	deep-sea					93:100	the deep-sea	89:100	the deep-sea	89:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	2	37	theme	decaying	241:248	arg1	wood					250:253	decaying wood	241:253	decaying wood	241:253	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	4	38	theme	microbial	645:653	arg1	assemblages					665:675	wood microbial community assemblages	640:675	wood microbial community assemblages	640:675	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	0	39	theme	chemical	29:36	arg1	basis					38:42	the chemical basis	25:42	the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea	25:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	3	40	theme	hydrogen	407:414	arg1	sulfide					416:422	hydrogen sulfide	407:422	hydrogen sulfide production	407:433	However, recent mesocosm experiments have shown hydrogen sulfide production in the absence of wood borers.
28984846	6	41	theme	wood	867:870	arg1	borers					872:877	wood borers	867:877	wood borers	867:877	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	8	42	theme	wood	1384:1387	arg1	surface					1389:1395	the wood surface	1380:1395	the wood surface	1380:1395	We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface.
28984846	4	43	theme	wood	640:643	arg1	assemblages					665:675	wood microbial community assemblages	640:675	wood microbial community assemblages	640:675	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	6	44	theme	wood	945:948	arg1	surface					950:956	the wood surface	941:956	the wood surface	941:956	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	7	45	theme	shorter	1206:1212	arg1	sucrose					1236:1242	sucrose	1236:1242	sucrose	1236:1242	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	7	45	theme	shorter	1206:1212	arg1	carbohydrates					1214:1226	shorter carbohydrates	1206:1226	shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose	1206:1242	When wood borers were excluded, the wood centre community did not have the genetic potential to degrade cellulose or hemicellulose but could use shorter carbohydrates such as sucrose.
28984846	5	46	theme	microbial	765:773	arg1	communities					775:785	wood-fall microbial communities	755:785	wood-fall microbial communities	755:785	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	2	47	theme	sulfide	228:234	arg1	production					205:214	The production	201:214	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea	201:269	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	6	48	theme	strong	885:890	arg1	impact					892:897	a strong impact	883:897	a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples	883:1058	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	2	49	theme	bivalves	334:341	arg1	activity					310:317	the activity	306:317	the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp	306:356	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	9	50	theme	chemolithotrophic	1512:1528	arg1	organisms					1530:1538	chemolithotrophic organisms	1512:1538	chemolithotrophic organisms	1512:1538	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	4	51	dep	in	484:485	arg1	situ					487:490	situ	487:490	situ	487:490	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	5	52	theme	short-term	687:696	arg1	experiment					698:707	a short-term experiment	685:707	a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon	685:738	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	6	53	theme	microbial	906:914	arg1	composition					926:936	the microbial community composition	902:936	the microbial community composition	902:936	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	2	54	theme	hydrogen	219:226	arg1	sulfide					228:234	hydrogen sulfide	219:234	hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood	219:253	The production of hydrogen sulfide from decaying wood in the deep-sea has long been suspected to rely on the activity of wood-boring bivalves, Xylophaga spp.
28984846	1	55	theme	host	124:127	arg1	bacteria					144:151	host chemosynthetic bacteria	124:151	host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor	124:198	Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor.
28984846	4	56	theme	amplicon	515:522	arg1	sequencing					524:533	amplicon sequencing	515:533	amplicon sequencing	515:533	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	8	57	theme	wood	1262:1265	arg1	communities					1274:1284	wood centre communities	1262:1284	wood centre communities	1262:1284	We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface.
28984846	1	58	theme	chemosynthetic	129:142	arg1	bacteria					144:151	host chemosynthetic bacteria	124:151	host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor	124:198	Wood-fall ecosystems host chemosynthetic bacteria that use hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor.
28984846	8	59	used	used	1328:1331	arg2	products					1307:1314	fermentation products	1294:1314	fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface	1294:1395	We conclude that wood centre communities produce fermentation products that can be used by the sulfate-reducing bacteria detected near the wood surface.
28984846	0	60	from	deep-sea	93:100	arg1	basis					38:42	the chemical basis	25:42	the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea	25:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	6	61	theme	different	1042:1050	arg1	samples					1052:1058	different samples	1042:1058	different samples	1042:1058	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	6	62	contain	had	879:881	arg1	presence					855:862	The presence	851:862	The presence of wood borers	851:877	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	6	62	contain	had	879:881	arg2	impact					892:897	a strong impact	883:897	a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples	883:1058	The presence of wood borers had a strong impact on the microbial community composition on the wood surface but not in the wood centre, where communities were observed to be homogeneous among different samples.
28984846	4	63	theme	Xylophaga	584:592	arg1	presence					572:579	the presence	568:579	the presence of Xylophaga	568:592	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	0	64	theme	chemosynthetic	61:74	arg1	ecosystem					76:84	the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem	47:84	the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea	47:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	5	65	theme	spp	846:848	arg1	absence					825:831	the absence	821:831	the absence of Xylophaga spp	821:848	During a short-term experiment conducted in a deep-sea canyon, we found that wood-fall microbial communities could produce hydrogen sulfide in the absence of Xylophaga spp.
28984846	9	66	theme	organisms	1530:1538	arg1	recruitment					1497:1507	the recruitment	1493:1507	the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls	1493:1561	We thus demonstrate that microorganisms alone could establish the chemical basis essential for the recruitment of chemolithotrophic organisms in deep-sea wood falls.
28984846	4	67	theme	sulfide	617:623	arg1	production					625:634	hydrogen sulfide production	608:634	hydrogen sulfide production	608:634	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	0	68	theme	wood-fall	51:59	arg1	ecosystem					76:84	the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem	47:84	the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea	47:100	Bacteria alone establish the chemical basis of the wood-fall chemosynthetic ecosystem in the deep-sea.
28984846	4	69	theme	in	484:485	arg1	measurements					501:512	in situ chemical measurements	484:512	in situ chemical measurements	484:512	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28984846	4	70	theme	hydrogen	608:615	arg1	sulfide					617:623	hydrogen sulfide	608:623	hydrogen sulfide production	608:634	Here, we combined in situ chemical measurements, amplicon sequencing and metagenomics to test whether the presence of Xylophaga spp.-affected hydrogen sulfide production and wood microbial community assemblages.
28074039	0	0	theme	cells	69:73	arg1	cells					18:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	0	theme	cells	69:73	arg1	component					36:44	a major component	28:44	a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	28:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	7	1	theme	intestinal	1440:1449	arg1	inflammation					1451:1462	intestinal inflammation	1440:1462	intestinal inflammation	1440:1462	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	3	2	theme	Lgr5+	490:494	arg1	IESCs					496:500	Lgr5+ IESCs	490:500	Lgr5+ IESCs	490:500	Here, we identify pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs.
28074039	6	3	theme	CD34+gp38+	951:960	arg1	cells					962:966	pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells	939:966	pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells	939:966	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	0	4	theme	stem	64:67	arg1	cells					69:73	the intestinal stem cells	49:73	the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	49:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	4	theme	stem	64:67	arg1	niche					75:79	niche	75:79	niche	75:79	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	2	5	theme	cellular	320:327	arg1	composition					329:339	cellular composition	320:339	cellular composition	320:339	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	4	6	theme	intestinal	555:564	arg1	producers					566:574	the major intestinal producers	545:574	the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	545:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	6	theme	intestinal	555:564	arg1	cells					535:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	7	7	theme	Gp38+	1262:1266	arg1	cells					1280:1284	CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells	1256:1284	CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells	1256:1284	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	5	8	from	week	863:866	arg1	mice					879:882	mice	879:882	mice	879:882	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	2	9	dep	composition	329:339	arg1	the					316:318	the	316:318	the	316:318	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	6	10	theme	growth	1118:1123	arg1	factors					1125:1131	growth factors	1118:1131	growth factors	1118:1131	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	7	11	theme	at	1407:1408	arg1	homeostasis					1410:1420	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	6	12	theme	key	1138:1140	arg1	Ccl2					1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	12	theme	key	1138:1140	arg1	IL-7					1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	12	theme	key	1138:1140	arg1	Amphiregulin					1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	12	theme	key	1138:1140	arg1	Ptgs2					1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	12	theme	key	1138:1140	arg1	roles					1142:1146	key roles	1138:1146	key roles	1138:1146	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	5	13	theme	third	857:861	arg1	week					863:866	the third week	853:866	the third week of life in mice	853:882	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	1	14	theme	crypt	239:243	arg1	base					226:229	the base	222:229	the base of each crypt	222:243	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	6	15	theme	proinflammatory	1087:1101	arg1	cytokines					1103:1111	proinflammatory cytokines	1087:1111	proinflammatory cytokines	1087:1111	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	5	16	theme	intestinal	796:805	arg1	submucosa					807:815	the intestinal submucosa	792:815	the intestinal submucosa	792:815	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	2	17	theme	Mesenchymal-derived	246:264	arg1	factors					266:272	Mesenchymal-derived factors	246:272	Mesenchymal-derived factors	246:272	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	1	18	theme	intestinal	167:176	arg1	cells					194:198	intestinal epithelial stem cells	167:198	intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt	167:243	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	1	18	theme	intestinal	167:176	arg1	IESCs					201:205	IESCs	201:205	IESCs	201:205	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	2	19	theme	niche	377:381	arg1	composition					329:339	cellular composition	320:339	cellular composition	320:339	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	2	19	theme	niche	377:381	arg1	development					345:355	development	345:355	development	345:355	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	7	20	theme	specialized	1357:1367	arg1	microenvironment					1369:1384	a specialized microenvironment	1355:1384	a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis	1355:1420	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	6	21	from	roles	1142:1146	arg1	immunity					1155:1162	gut immunity	1151:1162	gut immunity	1151:1162	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	21	from	roles	1142:1146	arg1	repair					1175:1180	tissue repair	1168:1180	tissue repair	1168:1180	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	2	22	theme	mesenchymal	365:375	arg1	niche					377:381	such mesenchymal niche	360:381	such mesenchymal niche	360:381	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	0	23	theme	mesenchymal	6:16	arg1	cells					18:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	23	theme	mesenchymal	6:16	arg1	component					36:44	a major component	28:44	a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	28:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	7	24	theme	IESCs	1401:1405	arg1	homeostasis					1410:1420	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	5	25	from	mice	879:882	arg1	week					863:866	the third week	853:866	the third week of life in mice	853:882	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	0	26	dep	cells	69:73	arg1	cells					69:73	the intestinal stem cells	49:73	the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	49:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	26	dep	cells	69:73	arg1	niche					75:79	niche	75:79	niche	75:79	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	6	27	theme	niche	1026:1030	arg1	factors					1032:1038	niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1	1026:1062	niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin	1026:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	27	theme	niche	1026:1030	arg1	R-spondin1					1053:1062	R-spondin1	1053:1062	R-spondin1	1053:1062	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	27	theme	niche	1026:1030	arg1	Gremlin1					1040:1047	Gremlin1	1040:1047	Gremlin1	1040:1047	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	2	28	theme	such	360:363	arg1	niche					377:381	such mesenchymal niche	360:381	such mesenchymal niche	360:381	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	0	29	theme	CD34+	0:4	arg1	cells					18:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	29	theme	CD34+	0:4	arg1	component					36:44	a major component	28:44	a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	28:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	2	30	link	Mesenchymal-derived	246:264	arg1	factors					266:272	Mesenchymal-derived factors	246:272	Mesenchymal-derived factors	246:272	Mesenchymal-derived factors are essential to maintain IESCs; however, the cellular composition and development of such mesenchymal niche remains unclear.
28074039	1	31	theme	epithelial	178:187	arg1	cells					194:198	intestinal epithelial stem cells	167:198	intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt	167:243	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	1	31	theme	epithelial	178:187	arg1	IESCs					201:205	IESCs	201:205	IESCs	201:205	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	6	32	with	factors	1125:1131	arg1	Ccl2					1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	32	with	factors	1125:1131	arg1	IL-7					1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	32	with	factors	1125:1131	arg1	Amphiregulin					1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	32	with	factors	1125:1131	arg1	Ptgs2					1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	32	with	factors	1125:1131	arg1	roles					1142:1146	key roles	1138:1146	key roles	1138:1146	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	5	33	from	life	871:874	arg1	mice					879:882	mice	879:882	mice	879:882	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	3	34	theme	αSMA-	442:446	arg1	cells					460:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells	418:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs	418:500	Here, we identify pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs.
28074039	7	35	from	homeostasis	1410:1420	arg1	at					1407:1408	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	7	35	from	homeostasis	1410:1420	arg1	IESCs					1401:1405	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	IESCs at homeostasis	1401:1420	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	4	36	theme	major	549:553	arg1	producers					566:574	the major intestinal producers	545:574	the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	545:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	36	theme	major	549:553	arg1	cells					535:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	6	37	dep	factors	1032:1038	arg1	factors					1032:1038	niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1	1026:1062	niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin	1026:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	37	dep	factors	1032:1038	arg1	R-spondin1					1053:1062	R-spondin1	1053:1062	R-spondin1	1053:1062	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	37	dep	factors	1032:1038	arg1	Gremlin1					1040:1047	Gremlin1	1040:1047	Gremlin1	1040:1047	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	3	38	theme	mesenchymal	448:458	arg1	cells					460:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells	418:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs	418:500	Here, we identify pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs.
28074039	0	39	theme	major	30:34	arg1	cells					18:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells	0:22	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	39	theme	major	30:34	arg1	component					36:44	a major component	28:44	a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	28:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	5	40	theme	life	871:874	arg1	week					863:866	the third week	853:866	the third week of life in mice	853:882	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	6	41	theme	intestinal	993:1002	arg1	injury					1004:1009	intestinal injury	993:1009	intestinal injury	993:1009	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	7	42	theme	CD34+	1256:1260	arg1	cells					1280:1284	CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells	1256:1284	CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells	1256:1284	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	3	43	theme	CD34+	430:434	arg1	cells					460:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells	418:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs	418:500	Here, we identify pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs.
28074039	5	44	theme	CD34+	751:755	arg1	cells					763:767	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	751:767	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	751:767	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	6	45	theme	pericryptal	939:949	arg1	cells					962:966	pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells	939:966	pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells	939:966	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	3	46	theme	Gp38+	436:440	arg1	cells					460:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells	418:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs	418:500	Here, we identify pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs.
28074039	5	47	theme	Gp38+	757:761	arg1	cells					763:767	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	751:767	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	751:767	CD34+ Gp38+ cells develop after birth in the intestinal submucosa and expand around the crypts during the third week of life in mice, independently of the microbiota.
28074039	6	48	with	cytokines	1103:1111	arg1	Ccl2					1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	48	with	cytokines	1103:1111	arg1	IL-7					1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	48	with	cytokines	1103:1111	arg1	Amphiregulin					1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	48	with	cytokines	1103:1111	arg1	Ptgs2					1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	48	with	cytokines	1103:1111	arg1	roles					1142:1146	key roles	1138:1146	key roles	1138:1146	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	49	with	factors	1032:1038	arg1	Ccl2					1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	49	with	factors	1032:1038	arg1	IL-7					1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	49	with	factors	1032:1038	arg1	Amphiregulin					1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	49	with	factors	1032:1038	arg1	Ptgs2					1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	49	with	factors	1032:1038	arg1	roles					1142:1146	key roles	1138:1146	key roles	1138:1146	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	4	50	theme	IESCs	681:685	arg1	maintenance					660:670	maintenance	660:670	maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs	660:685	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	51	theme	Gp38+	529:533	arg1	producers					566:574	the major intestinal producers	545:574	the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	545:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	51	theme	Gp38+	529:533	arg1	cells					535:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	6	52	theme	tissue	1168:1173	arg1	repair					1175:1180	tissue repair	1168:1180	tissue repair	1168:1180	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	7	53	theme	mesenchymal	1268:1278	arg1	cells					1280:1284	CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells	1256:1284	CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells	1256:1284	Our results indicate that CD34+ Gp38+ mesenchymal cells are programmed to develop in the intestine after birth to constitute a specialized microenvironment that maintains IESCs at homeostasis and contribute to intestinal inflammation and repair after injury.
28074039	4	54	theme	Lgr5+	675:679	arg1	IESCs					681:685	Lgr5+ IESCs	675:685	Lgr5+ IESCs	675:685	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	55	theme	CD34+	523:527	arg1	producers					566:574	the major intestinal producers	545:574	the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	545:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	55	theme	CD34+	523:527	arg1	cells					535:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	0	56	from	homeostasis	84:94	arg1	cells					69:73	the intestinal stem cells	49:73	the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	49:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	56	from	homeostasis	84:94	arg1	niche					75:79	niche	75:79	niche	75:79	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	4	57	theme	intestinal	690:699	arg1	organoids					701:709	intestinal organoids	690:709	intestinal organoids	690:709	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	57	theme	intestinal	690:699	arg1	effect					715:720	an effect	712:720	an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1	712:748	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	58	theme	factors	589:595	arg1	producers					566:574	the major intestinal producers	545:574	the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	545:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	58	theme	factors	589:595	arg1	cells					535:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	CD34+ Gp38+ cells	523:539	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	59	dep	factors	589:595	arg1	factors					589:595	the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	579:627	the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	579:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	59	dep	factors	589:595	arg1	Gremlin1					604:611	Gremlin1	604:611	Gremlin1	604:611	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	59	dep	factors	589:595	arg1	R-spondin1					618:627	R-spondin1	618:627	R-spondin1	618:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	59	dep	factors	589:595	arg1	Wnt2b					597:601	Wnt2b	597:601	Wnt2b	597:601	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	60	theme	niche	583:587	arg1	factors					589:595	the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	579:627	the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1	579:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	60	theme	niche	583:587	arg1	Gremlin1					604:611	Gremlin1	604:611	Gremlin1	604:611	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	60	theme	niche	583:587	arg1	R-spondin1					618:627	R-spondin1	618:627	R-spondin1	618:627	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	4	60	theme	niche	583:587	arg1	Wnt2b					597:601	Wnt2b	597:601	Wnt2b	597:601	We demonstrate that CD34+ Gp38+ cells are the major intestinal producers of the niche factors Wnt2b, Gremlin1, and R-spondin1, and are sufficient to promote maintenance of Lgr5+ IESCs in intestinal organoids, an effect mainly mediated by Gremlin1.
28074039	0	61	theme	intestinal	53:62	arg1	cells					69:73	the intestinal stem cells	49:73	the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury	49:111	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	0	61	theme	intestinal	53:62	arg1	niche					75:79	niche	75:79	niche	75:79	CD34+ mesenchymal cells are a major component of the intestinal stem cells niche at homeostasis and after injury.
28074039	6	62	theme	gut	1151:1153	arg1	immunity					1155:1162	gut immunity	1151:1162	gut immunity	1151:1162	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	1	63	theme	stem	189:192	arg1	cells					194:198	intestinal epithelial stem cells	167:198	intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt	167:243	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	1	63	theme	stem	189:192	arg1	IESCs					201:205	IESCs	201:205	IESCs	201:205	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	1	64	theme	intestinal	118:127	arg1	epithelium					129:138	The intestinal epithelium	114:138	The intestinal epithelium	114:138	The intestinal epithelium is continuously renewed by intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) positioned at the base of each crypt.
28074039	3	65	theme	pericryptal	418:428	arg1	cells					460:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells	418:464	pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs	418:500	Here, we identify pericryptal CD34+ Gp38+ αSMA- mesenchymal cells closely associated with Lgr5+ IESCs.
28074039	6	66	with	chemokines	1075:1084	arg1	Ccl2					1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	Ccl2	1199:1202	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	66	with	chemokines	1075:1084	arg1	IL-7					1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	IL-7	1193:1196	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	66	with	chemokines	1075:1084	arg1	Amphiregulin					1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	Amphiregulin	1216:1227	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	66	with	chemokines	1075:1084	arg1	Ptgs2					1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	Ptgs2	1205:1209	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28074039	6	66	with	chemokines	1075:1084	arg1	roles					1142:1146	key roles	1138:1146	key roles	1138:1146	We further show that pericryptal CD34+gp38+ cells are rapidly activated by intestinal injury, up-regulating niche factors Gremlin1 and R-spondin1 as well as chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors with key roles in gut immunity and tissue repair, including IL-7, Ccl2, Ptgs2, and Amphiregulin.
28993692	0	0	theme	native	79:84	arg1	mycomembrane					86:97	the native mycomembrane	75:97	the native mycomembrane	75:97	Dissecting the mycobacterial cell envelope and defining the composition of the native mycomembrane.
28993692	7	1	theme	protein	1204:1210	arg1	family					1212:1217	MCE protein family	1200:1217	the putative transporters MCE protein family	1174:1217	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	1	2	theme	so-called	153:161	arg1	MM					177:178	MM	177:178	MM	177:178	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	2	theme	so-called	153:161	arg1	mycomembrane					163:174	the so-called mycomembrane	149:174	the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA)	149:239	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	7	3	contain	contains	1259:1266	arg2	arabinogalactan					1283:1297	MA esterifying arabinogalactan	1268:1297	MA esterifying arabinogalactan	1268:1297	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	7	3	contain	contains	1259:1266	arg1	fraction					1245:1252	MMCW fraction	1240:1252	MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM	1240:1335	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	6	4	theme	galactofuranosyltransferase	893:919	arg1	PimB					887:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	4	theme	galactofuranosyltransferase	893:919	arg1	GlfT2					921:925	galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2	893:925	galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2	893:925	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	5	from	PM	996:997	arg1	PimB					887:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	5	from	PM	996:997	arg1	abundant					980:987	abundant	980:987	abundant	980:987	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	8	6	theme	MM	1451:1452	arg1	composition					1463:1473	a lipid composition	1455:1473	a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1455:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	8	6	theme	MM	1451:1452	arg1	leaflet					1436:1442	the outer leaflet	1426:1442	the outer leaflet of the MM	1426:1452	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	7	7	located	found	1231:1235	arg2	porins					1163:1168	porins	1163:1168	porins	1163:1168	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	7	7	located	found	1231:1235	arg1	fraction					1245:1252	MMCW fraction	1240:1252	MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM	1240:1335	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	7	7	located	found	1231:1235	arg2	proteins					1153:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins	1135:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins	1135:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	7	7	located	found	1231:1235	arg2	transporters					1187:1198	the putative transporters	1174:1198	the putative transporters MCE protein family	1174:1217	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	7	8	theme	MM	1334:1335	arg1	leaflet					1323:1329	the inner leaflet	1313:1329	the inner leaflet of MM	1313:1335	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	3	9	theme	species	485:491	arg1	walls					437:441	the native MM-containing cell walls	407:441	the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW)	407:448	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	9	theme	species	485:491	arg1	PM					399:400	PM	399:400	PM	399:400	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	9	theme	species	485:491	arg1	membranes					388:396	The plasma membranes	377:396	The plasma membranes (PM)	377:401	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	9	theme	species	485:491	arg1	MMCW					444:447	MMCW	444:447	MMCW	444:447	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	6	10	theme	glycolipids	1122:1132	arg1	amount					1106:1111	only a tiny amount	1094:1111	only a tiny amount of other glycolipids	1094:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	10	theme	glycolipids	1122:1132	arg1	glycolipids					1122:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	10	theme	glycolipids	1122:1132	arg1	phospholipids					1032:1044	phospholipids	1032:1044	phospholipids	1032:1044	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	10	theme	glycolipids	1122:1132	arg1	lipoglycans					1019:1029	lipoglycans	1019:1029	lipoglycans	1019:1029	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	10	theme	glycolipids	1122:1132	arg1	mannosides					1078:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	0	11	theme	mycomembrane	86:97	arg1	composition					60:70	the composition	56:70	the composition of the native mycomembrane	56:97	Dissecting the mycobacterial cell envelope and defining the composition of the native mycomembrane.
28993692	6	12	contain	contain	1011:1017	arg2	mannosides					1078:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	12	contain	contain	1011:1017	arg2	glycolipids					1122:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	12	contain	contain	1011:1017	arg2	amount					1106:1111	only a tiny amount	1094:1111	only a tiny amount of other glycolipids	1094:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	12	contain	contain	1011:1017	arg1	PM					996:997	the PM	992:997	the PM	992:997	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	12	contain	contain	1011:1017	arg2	lipoglycans					1019:1029	lipoglycans	1019:1029	lipoglycans	1019:1029	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	12	contain	contain	1011:1017	arg2	phospholipids					1032:1044	phospholipids	1032:1044	phospholipids	1032:1044	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	8	13	theme	dioctylsulfosuccinate	1573:1593	arg1	sodium					1595:1600	dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1573:1600	dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1573:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	6	14	theme	tiny	1101:1104	arg1	amount					1106:1111	only a tiny amount	1094:1111	only a tiny amount of other glycolipids	1094:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	14	theme	tiny	1101:1104	arg1	glycolipids					1122:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	15	theme	mannosyltransferase	867:885	arg1	YjfF					964:967	ABC transporter YjfF	948:967	ABC transporter YjfF	948:967	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	15	theme	mannosyltransferase	867:885	arg1	PimB					887:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	15	theme	mannosyltransferase	867:885	arg1	GlfT2					921:925	galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2	893:925	galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2	893:925	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	15	theme	mannosyltransferase	867:885	arg1	p450					939:942	Cytochrome p450	928:942	Cytochrome p450	928:942	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	15	theme	mannosyltransferase	867:885	arg1	abundant					980:987	abundant	980:987	abundant	980:987	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	16	from	abundant	980:987	arg1	PM					996:997	the PM	992:997	the PM	992:997	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	3	17	theme	native	411:416	arg1	walls					437:441	the native MM-containing cell walls	407:441	the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW)	407:448	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	17	theme	native	411:416	arg1	MMCW					444:447	MMCW	444:447	MMCW	444:447	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	18	theme	rapid-growing	457:469	arg1	species					485:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	18	theme	rapid-growing	457:469	arg1	aurum					508:512	Mycobacterium aurum	494:512	Mycobacterium aurum	494:512	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	18	theme	rapid-growing	457:469	arg1	smegmatis					521:529	M. smegmatis	518:529	M. smegmatis	518:529	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	6	19	theme	including	1047:1055	arg1	mannosides					1078:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	4	20	theme	electron	620:627	arg1	microscopy					629:638	Transmission electron microscopy	607:638	Transmission electron microscopy	607:638	Transmission electron microscopy and biochemical analyses demonstrated that the two membranes were virtually pure.
28993692	5	21	theme	Bottom-up	722:730	arg1	study					756:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study	722:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study	722:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study indicated a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW.
28993692	8	22	theme	used	1522:1525	arg1	method					1538:1543	the widely used extraction method	1511:1543	the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1511:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	3	23	theme	mycobacterial	471:483	arg1	species					485:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	23	theme	mycobacterial	471:483	arg1	aurum					508:512	Mycobacterium aurum	494:512	Mycobacterium aurum	494:512	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	23	theme	mycobacterial	471:483	arg1	smegmatis					521:529	M. smegmatis	518:529	M. smegmatis	518:529	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	4	24	theme	Transmission	607:618	arg1	microscopy					629:638	Transmission electron microscopy	607:638	Transmission electron microscopy	607:638	Transmission electron microscopy and biochemical analyses demonstrated that the two membranes were virtually pure.
28993692	2	25	theme	MM	286:287	arg1	composition					267:277	the molecular composition	253:277	the molecular composition of the MM	253:287	Presently, the molecular composition of the MM remains unproven, due to the diversity of methods used for determining its composition.
28993692	3	26	theme	plasma	381:386	arg1	PM					399:400	PM	399:400	PM	399:400	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	26	theme	plasma	381:386	arg1	membranes					388:396	The plasma membranes	377:396	The plasma membranes (PM)	377:401	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	27	theme	M.	518:519	arg1	species					485:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	27	theme	M.	518:519	arg1	smegmatis					521:529	M. smegmatis	518:529	M. smegmatis	518:529	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	2	28	theme	methods	331:337	arg1	diversity					318:326	the diversity	314:326	the diversity of methods used for determining its composition	314:374	Presently, the molecular composition of the MM remains unproven, due to the diversity of methods used for determining its composition.
28993692	0	29	theme	cell	29:32	arg1	envelope					34:41	the mycobacterial cell envelope	11:41	the mycobacterial cell envelope	11:41	Dissecting the mycobacterial cell envelope and defining the composition of the native mycomembrane.
28993692	8	30	theme	extraction	1527:1536	arg1	method					1538:1543	the widely used extraction method	1511:1543	the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1511:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	3	31	theme	Mycobacterium	494:506	arg1	species					485:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	two rapid-growing mycobacterial species	453:491	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	31	theme	Mycobacterium	494:506	arg1	aurum					508:512	Mycobacterium aurum	494:512	Mycobacterium aurum	494:512	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	0	32	theme	mycobacterial	15:27	arg1	envelope					34:41	the mycobacterial cell envelope	11:41	the mycobacterial cell envelope	11:41	Dissecting the mycobacterial cell envelope and defining the composition of the native mycomembrane.
28993692	8	33	theme	mycobacterial	1548:1560	arg1	cells					1562:1566	mycobacterial cells	1548:1566	mycobacterial cells	1548:1566	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	1	34	theme	mycobacterial	104:116	arg1	unique					130:135	unique	130:135	unique	130:135	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	34	theme	mycobacterial	104:116	arg1	envelope					118:125	The mycobacterial envelope	100:125	The mycobacterial envelope	100:125	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	35	theme	very-long	193:201	arg1	acids					215:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	35	theme	very-long	193:201	arg1	acids					230:234	mycolic acids	222:234	mycolic acids (MA)	222:239	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	7	36	theme	Antigen85	1135:1143	arg1	proteins					1153:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins	1135:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins	1135:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	6	37	theme	transporter	952:962	arg1	YjfF					964:967	ABC transporter YjfF	948:967	ABC transporter YjfF	948:967	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	37	theme	transporter	952:962	arg1	PimB					887:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	8	38	dep	together	1382:1389	arg1	with					1391:1394	with	1391:1394	with	1391:1394	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	1	39	theme	chain	203:207	arg1	acids					215:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	39	theme	chain	203:207	arg1	acids					230:234	mycolic acids	222:234	mycolic acids (MA)	222:239	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	5	40	theme	different	774:782	arg1	distribution					784:795	a different distribution	772:795	a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW	772:847	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study indicated a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW.
28993692	6	41	theme	ABC	948:950	arg1	YjfF					964:967	ABC transporter YjfF	948:967	ABC transporter YjfF	948:967	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	41	theme	ABC	948:950	arg1	PimB					887:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	7	42	theme	complex	1145:1151	arg1	proteins					1153:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins	1135:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins	1135:1160	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	1	43	theme	fatty	209:213	arg1	acids					215:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	43	theme	fatty	209:213	arg1	acids					230:234	mycolic acids	222:234	mycolic acids (MA)	222:239	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	8	44	theme	cells	1562:1566	arg1	method					1538:1543	the widely used extraction method	1511:1543	the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1511:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	3	45	theme	differential	573:584	arg1	ultracentrifugation					586:604	differential ultracentrifugation	573:604	differential ultracentrifugation	573:604	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	8	46	with	method	1538:1543	arg1	sodium					1595:1600	dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1573:1600	dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1573:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	6	47	theme	other	1116:1120	arg1	glycolipids					1122:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	other glycolipids	1116:1132	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	7	48	theme	putative	1178:1185	arg1	transporters					1187:1198	the putative transporters	1174:1198	the putative transporters MCE protein family	1174:1217	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	8	49	theme	lipid	1457:1461	arg1	composition					1463:1473	a lipid composition	1455:1473	a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1455:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	8	49	theme	lipid	1457:1461	arg1	leaflet					1436:1442	the outer leaflet	1426:1442	the outer leaflet of the MM	1426:1452	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	8	50	theme	outer	1430:1434	arg1	composition					1463:1473	a lipid composition	1455:1473	a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium	1455:1600	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	8	50	theme	outer	1430:1434	arg1	leaflet					1436:1442	the outer leaflet	1426:1442	the outer leaflet of the MM	1426:1452	Glycolipids, phospholipids and lipoglycans, together with proteins, presumably composed the outer leaflet of the MM, a lipid composition that differs from that deduced from the widely used extraction method of mycobacterial cells with dioctylsulfosuccinate sodium.
28993692	7	51	theme	MA	1268:1269	arg1	arabinogalactan					1283:1297	MA esterifying arabinogalactan	1268:1297	MA esterifying arabinogalactan	1268:1297	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	7	52	theme	esterifying	1271:1281	arg1	arabinogalactan					1283:1297	MA esterifying arabinogalactan	1268:1297	MA esterifying arabinogalactan	1268:1297	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	6	53	theme	Cytochrome	928:937	arg1	PimB					887:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	the mannosyltransferase PimB	863:890	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	6	53	theme	Cytochrome	928:937	arg1	p450					939:942	Cytochrome p450	928:942	Cytochrome p450	928:942	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	7	54	dep	transporters	1187:1198	arg1	family					1212:1217	MCE protein family	1200:1217	the putative transporters MCE protein family	1174:1217	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	5	55	dep	PM	837:838	arg1	the					833:835	the	833:835	the	833:835	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study indicated a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW.
28993692	3	56	theme	cell	557:560	arg1	lysates					562:568	their cell lysates	551:568	their cell lysates	551:568	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	57	theme	MM-containing	418:430	arg1	walls					437:441	the native MM-containing cell walls	407:441	the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW)	407:448	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	57	theme	MM-containing	418:430	arg1	MMCW					444:447	MMCW	444:447	MMCW	444:447	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	2	58	theme	molecular	257:265	arg1	composition					267:277	the molecular composition	253:277	the molecular composition of the MM	253:287	Presently, the molecular composition of the MM remains unproven, due to the diversity of methods used for determining its composition.
28993692	3	59	theme	cell	432:435	arg1	walls					437:441	the native MM-containing cell walls	407:441	the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW)	407:448	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	59	theme	cell	432:435	arg1	MMCW					444:447	MMCW	444:447	MMCW	444:447	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	7	60	theme	inner	1317:1321	arg1	leaflet					1323:1329	the inner leaflet	1313:1329	the inner leaflet of MM	1313:1335	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	5	61	theme	quantitative	732:743	arg1	study					756:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study	722:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study	722:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study indicated a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW.
28993692	7	62	theme	MMCW	1240:1243	arg1	fraction					1245:1252	MMCW fraction	1240:1252	MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM	1240:1335	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
28993692	6	63	theme	phosphatidylinositol	1057:1076	arg1	mannosides					1078:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	including phosphatidylinositol mannosides	1047:1087	Among these, the mannosyltransferase PimB, galactofuranosyltransferase GlfT2, Cytochrome p450 and ABC transporter YjfF, were most abundant in the PM, which also contain lipoglycans, phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol mannosides, and only a tiny amount of other glycolipids.
28993692	1	64	theme	mycolic	222:228	arg1	MA					237:238	MA	237:238	MA	237:238	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	64	theme	mycolic	222:228	arg1	acids					215:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	very-long chain fatty acids	193:219	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	1	64	theme	mycolic	222:228	arg1	acids					230:234	mycolic acids	222:234	mycolic acids (MA)	222:239	The mycobacterial envelope is unique, containing the so-called mycomembrane (MM) composed of very-long chain fatty acids, mycolic acids (MA).
28993692	5	65	theme	proteomics	745:754	arg1	study					756:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study	722:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study	722:760	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study indicated a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW.
28993692	5	66	theme	proteins	816:823	arg1	distribution					784:795	a different distribution	772:795	a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW	772:847	Bottom-up quantitative proteomics study indicated a different distribution of more than 2,100 proteins between the PM and MMCW.
28993692	4	67	theme	biochemical	644:654	arg1	analyses					656:663	biochemical analyses	644:663	biochemical analyses	644:663	Transmission electron microscopy and biochemical analyses demonstrated that the two membranes were virtually pure.
28993692	3	68	attach	isolated	537:544	arg2	walls					437:441	the native MM-containing cell walls	407:441	the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW)	407:448	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	68	attach	isolated	537:544	arg2	PM					399:400	PM	399:400	PM	399:400	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	68	attach	isolated	537:544	arg2	MMCW					444:447	MMCW	444:447	MMCW	444:447	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	68	attach	isolated	537:544	arg2	membranes					388:396	The plasma membranes	377:396	The plasma membranes (PM)	377:401	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	3	68	attach	isolated	537:544	arg1	lysates					562:568	their cell lysates	551:568	their cell lysates	551:568	The plasma membranes (PM) and the native MM-containing cell walls (MMCW) of two rapid-growing mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium aurum and M. smegmatis, were isolated from their cell lysates by differential ultracentrifugation.
28993692	7	69	theme	MCE	1200:1202	arg1	family					1212:1217	MCE protein family	1200:1217	the putative transporters MCE protein family	1174:1217	Antigen85 complex proteins, porins and the putative transporters MCE protein family were mostly found in MMCW fraction that contains MA esterifying arabinogalactan, constituting the inner leaflet of MM.
26774720	9	0	theme	treatment	1972:1980	arg1	effect					1982:1987	a linear treatment effect	1963:1987	a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1963:2073	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	10	1	theme	Holstein	2160:2167	arg1	cows					2169:2172	Holstein cows	2160:2172	Holstein cows	2160:2172	Fecal pH was associated with rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows.
26774720	4	2	theme	quadratic	1078:1086	arg1	effect					1098:1103	a quadratic treatment effect	1076:1103	a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d)	1076:1208	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	10	3	theme	rumen	2105:2109	arg1	depression					2114:2123	rumen pH depression	2105:2123	rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows	2105:2172	Fecal pH was associated with rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows.
26774720	9	4	from	cows	1781:1784	arg1	8.46					1793:1796	8.46	1793:1796	8.46	1793:1796	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	4	from	cows	1781:1784	arg1	HG					1789:1790	HG	1789:1790	HG (8.46)	1789:1797	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	4	5	contain	had	1161:1163	arg2	yield					1176:1180	lower milk yield	1165:1180	lower milk yield than cows	1165:1190	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	4	5	contain	had	1161:1163	arg1	kg/d					1155:1158	23.5 kg/d	1150:1158	23.5 kg/d	1150:1158	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	4	5	contain	had	1161:1163	arg1	CON					1126:1128	CON	1126:1128	CON (22.6 kg/d)	1126:1140	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	4	5	contain	had	1161:1163	arg1	kg/d					1136:1139	22.6 kg/d	1131:1139	22.6 kg/d	1131:1139	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	4	5	contain	had	1161:1163	arg1	HG					1146:1147	HG	1146:1147	HG (23.5 kg/d)	1146:1159	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	3	6	theme	total	556:560	arg1	libitum					578:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	9	7	theme	lower	1803:1807	arg1	pH					1815:1816	lower urine pH	1803:1816	lower urine pH	1803:1816	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	7	8	theme	Rumen	1511:1515	arg1	pH					1517:1518	Rumen pH	1511:1518	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows	1511:1548	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	3	9	with	stage	1004:1008	arg1	ration					1035:1040	regular total mixed ration	1015:1040	regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	1015:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	8	10	from	Cows	1638:1641	arg1	HG					1646:1647	HG	1646:1647	HG	1646:1647	Cows in HG spent more time with rumen pH below 5.8 (4.33 h) than MG (2 h) or CON (2.17 h) as shown by the quadratic treatment effect.
26774720	11	11	theme	Jersey	2253:2258	arg1	cows					2260:2263	Jersey cows	2253:2263	Jersey cows	2253:2263	In conclusion, a grain challenge reduced urine pH in Holstein cows but not in Jersey cows.
26774720	5	12	theme	dry	1260:1262	arg1	intake					1271:1276	dry matter intake	1260:1276	dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d)	1260:1379	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	13	from	cows	1360:1363	arg1	MG					1368:1369	MG	1368:1369	MG (14 kg/d)	1368:1379	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	13	from	cows	1360:1363	arg1	kg/d					1375:1378	14 kg/d	1372:1378	14 kg/d	1372:1378	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	11	14	theme	Holstein	2228:2235	arg1	cows					2237:2240	Holstein cows	2228:2240	Holstein cows	2228:2240	In conclusion, a grain challenge reduced urine pH in Holstein cows but not in Jersey cows.
26774720	3	15	theme	ration	568:573	arg1	libitum					578:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	0	16	theme	starch	82:87	arg1	digestibility					89:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	3	17	dep	stages	498:503	arg1	S1					510:511	S1	510:511	S1	510:511	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	8	18	theme	rumen	1670:1674	arg1	pH					1676:1677	rumen pH	1670:1677	rumen pH below 5.8 (4.33 h) than MG (2 h) or CON (2.17 h)	1670:1726	Cows in HG spent more time with rumen pH below 5.8 (4.33 h) than MG (2 h) or CON (2.17 h) as shown by the quadratic treatment effect.
26774720	2	19	theme	carryover	444:452	arg1	effects					454:460	carryover effects	444:460	carryover effects	444:460	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	3	20	theme	total	907:911	arg1	ration					919:924	the total mixed ration	903:924	the total mixed ration	903:924	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	21	contain	had	1327:1329	arg1	cows					1284:1287	cows	1284:1287	cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d)	1284:1325	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	21	contain	had	1327:1329	arg2	intake					1348:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	9	22	dep	digestibility	1930:1942	arg1	pH.					1898:1900	pH.	1898:1900	pH.	1898:1900	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	3	23	theme	dry	936:938	arg1	intake					947:952	dry matter intake	936:952	dry matter intake obtained in S1	936:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	0	24	theme	milk	108:111	arg1	composition					113:123	milk composition	108:123	milk composition	108:123	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	4	25	theme	milk	1171:1174	arg1	yield					1176:1180	lower milk yield	1165:1180	lower milk yield than cows	1165:1190	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	3	26	dep	S1	681:682	arg1	d					708:708	d 5	708:710	d 5	708:710	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	26	dep	S1	681:682	arg1	S3					704:705	S3	704:705	S3	704:705	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	26	dep	S1	681:682	arg1	S4					970:971	S4	970:971	S4	970:971	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	27	theme	mixed	661:665	arg1	ration					667:672	the total mixed ration	651:672	the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	651:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	2	28	theme	×	400:400	arg1	design					417:422	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	3	29	theme	ration	781:786	arg1	libitum					791:797	total mixed ration ad libitum	769:797	total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1	769:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	11	30	theme	grain	2192:2196	arg1	challenge					2198:2206	a grain challenge	2190:2206	a grain challenge	2190:2206	In conclusion, a grain challenge reduced urine pH in Holstein cows but not in Jersey cows.
26774720	0	31	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	composition					113:123	milk composition	108:123	milk composition	108:123	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	31	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	urine					40:44	urine	40:44	urine	40:44	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	31	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	ruminal					31:37	ruminal	31:37	ruminal	31:37	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	31	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	digestibility					89:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	31	from	Effect	0:5	arg1	pH					57:58	fecal pH	51:58	fecal pH	51:58	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	3	32	theme	total	769:773	arg1	libitum					791:797	total mixed ration ad libitum	769:797	total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1	769:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	9	33	theme	total-tract	1911:1921	arg1	digestibility					1930:1942	Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1902:1942	Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1902:1942	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	34	theme	treatment	1871:1879	arg1	effect					1881:1886	the linear treatment effect	1860:1886	the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1860:1942	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	6	35	theme	treatment	1409:1417	arg1	effect					1419:1424	a linear treatment effect	1400:1424	a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1400:1508	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	2	36	theme	rumen-cannulated	322:337	arg1	cows					348:351	6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows	320:351	6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows	320:351	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	0	37	theme	apparent	61:68	arg1	digestibility					89:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	13	38	theme	useful	2349:2354	arg1	link					2356:2359	A potentially useful link	2335:2359	A potentially useful link between rumen pH and systemic (urine) pH within 2 h after feeding	2335:2425	A potentially useful link between rumen pH and systemic (urine) pH within 2 h after feeding was quantified in Holstein cows.
26774720	8	39	theme	quadratic	1744:1752	arg1	effect					1764:1769	the quadratic treatment effect	1740:1769	the quadratic treatment effect	1740:1769	Cows in HG spent more time with rumen pH below 5.8 (4.33 h) than MG (2 h) or CON (2.17 h) as shown by the quadratic treatment effect.
26774720	1	40	theme	fecal	210:214	arg1	pH					216:217	fecal pH	210:217	fecal pH	210:217	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	2	41	theme	Jersey	360:365	arg1	cows					367:370	6 Jersey cows	358:370	6 Jersey cows	358:370	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	9	42	contain	had	1799:1801	arg2	pH					1815:1816	lower urine pH	1803:1816	lower urine pH	1803:1816	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	42	contain	had	1799:1801	arg1	cows					1781:1784	Holstein cows	1772:1784	Holstein cows in HG (8.46)	1772:1797	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	7	43	theme	linear	1556:1561	arg1	effect					1573:1578	a linear treatment effect	1554:1578	a linear treatment effect	1554:1578	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	44	theme	starch	1923:1928	arg1	digestibility					1930:1942	Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1902:1942	Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1902:1942	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	3	45	theme	dry	685:687	arg1	S1					681:682	S1	681:682	S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4	681:971	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	45	theme	dry	685:687	arg1	basis					696:700	dry matter basis	685:700	dry matter basis	685:700	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	2	46	theme	replicated	387:396	arg1	design					417:422	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	5	47	theme	matter	1341:1346	arg1	intake					1348:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	3	48	theme	recovery	995:1002	arg1	stage					1004:1008	recovery stage	995:1008	recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	995:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	12	49	theme	rumen	2311:2315	arg1	pH					2317:2318	rumen pH	2311:2318	rumen pH	2311:2318	Holstein cows' health were not affected when rumen pH was depressed.
26774720	0	50	theme	challenge	18:26	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.	0:152	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	1	51	theme	total-tract	229:239	arg1	digestibility					248:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	3	52	dep	libitum	791:797	arg1	fed					820:822	fed	820:822	fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1	820:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	52	dep	libitum	791:797	arg1	fed					807:809	fed	807:809	not fed (CON)	803:815	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	53	theme	total	1023:1027	arg1	ration					1035:1040	regular total mixed ration	1015:1040	regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	1015:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	54	theme	treatment	1239:1247	arg1	effect					1249:1254	a quadratic treatment effect	1227:1254	a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d)	1227:1379	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	1	55	theme	grain	171:175	arg1	challenge					177:185	a grain challenge	169:185	a grain challenge	169:185	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	3	56	dep	d	974:974	arg1	to					978:979	to	978:979	to	978:979	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	57	theme	lower	1331:1335	arg1	intake					1348:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	6	58	theme	matter	1434:1439	arg1	intake					1441:1446	dry matter intake	1430:1446	dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1430:1508	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	2	59	theme	Holstein	305:312	arg1	cows					314:317	Six Holstein cows	301:317	Six Holstein cows	301:317	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	9	60	theme	linear	1965:1970	arg1	effect					1982:1987	a linear treatment effect	1963:1987	a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1963:2073	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	0	61	theme	Jersey	141:146	arg1	composition					113:123	milk composition	108:123	milk composition	108:123	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	61	theme	Jersey	141:146	arg1	urine					40:44	urine	40:44	urine	40:44	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	61	theme	Jersey	141:146	arg1	ruminal					31:37	ruminal	31:37	ruminal	31:37	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	61	theme	Jersey	141:146	arg1	digestibility					89:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	61	theme	Jersey	141:146	arg1	pH					57:58	fecal pH	51:58	fecal pH	51:58	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	4	62	theme	treatment	1088:1096	arg1	effect					1098:1103	a quadratic treatment effect	1076:1103	a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d)	1076:1208	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	3	63	dep	d	514:514	arg1	to					518:519	to	518:519	to	518:519	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	10	64	theme	pH	2111:2112	arg1	depression					2114:2123	rumen pH depression	2105:2123	rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows	2105:2172	Fecal pH was associated with rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows.
26774720	13	65	theme	rumen	2369:2373	arg1	pH					2375:2376	rumen pH	2369:2376	rumen pH	2369:2376	A potentially useful link between rumen pH and systemic (urine) pH within 2 h after feeding was quantified in Holstein cows.
26774720	3	66	with	baseline	534:541	arg1	libitum					578:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	67	theme	mixed	562:566	arg1	libitum					578:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	11	68	theme	urine	2216:2220	arg1	pH					2222:2223	urine pH	2216:2223	urine pH	2216:2223	In conclusion, a grain challenge reduced urine pH in Holstein cows but not in Jersey cows.
26774720	3	69	dep	S3	704:705	arg1	performed					735:743	performed	735:743	performed	735:743	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	9	70	theme	urine	1809:1813	arg1	pH					1815:1816	lower urine pH	1803:1816	lower urine pH	1803:1816	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	8	71	theme	more	1655:1658	arg1	time					1660:1663	more time	1655:1663	more time	1655:1663	Cows in HG spent more time with rumen pH below 5.8 (4.33 h) than MG (2 h) or CON (2.17 h) as shown by the quadratic treatment effect.
26774720	3	72	theme	regular	548:554	arg1	libitum					578:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	73	theme	top-dressed	886:896	arg1	addition					827:834	an addition	824:834	an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1	824:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	74	theme	matter	1264:1269	arg1	intake					1271:1276	dry matter intake	1260:1276	dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d)	1260:1379	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	3	75	theme	ad	1046:1047	arg1	libitum					1049:1055	ad libitum	1046:1055	ad libitum	1046:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	76	theme	ad	575:576	arg1	libitum					578:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	regular total mixed ration ad libitum	548:584	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	4	77	theme	lower	1165:1169	arg1	yield					1176:1180	lower milk yield	1165:1180	lower milk yield than cows	1165:1190	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	13	78	theme	urine	2392:2396	arg1	pH					2399:2400	systemic (urine) pH	2382:2400	systemic (urine) pH	2382:2400	A potentially useful link between rumen pH and systemic (urine) pH within 2 h after feeding was quantified in Holstein cows.
26774720	3	79	dep	top-dressed	886:896	arg1	%					841:841	10%	839:841	10% (MG)	839:846	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	79	dep	top-dressed	886:896	arg1	%					853:853	20%	851:853	20%	851:853	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	79	dep	top-dressed	886:896	arg1	MG					844:845	MG	844:845	MG	844:845	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	80	theme	mixed	913:917	arg1	ration					919:924	the total mixed ration	903:924	the total mixed ration	903:924	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	0	81	dep	Holstein	128:135	arg1	cows					148:151	cows	148:151	cows	148:151	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	3	82	theme	matter	940:945	arg1	intake					947:952	dry matter intake	936:952	dry matter intake obtained in S1	936:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	9	83	dep	S3	1992:1993	arg1	±					2002:2002	97.62 ± 1.5	1996:2006	97.62 ± 1.5	1996:2006	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	83	dep	S3	1992:1993	arg1	%					2037:2037	91.84 ± 1.6%	2026:2037	91.84 ± 1.6%	2026:2037	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	83	dep	S3	1992:1993	arg1	±					2015:2015	97.47 ± 1.5	2009:2019	97.47 ± 1.5	2009:2019	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	12	84	theme	Holstein	2266:2273	arg1	cows					2275:2278	Holstein cows	2266:2278	Holstein cows' health	2266:2286	Holstein cows' health were not affected when rumen pH was depressed.
26774720	0	85	theme	Holstein	128:135	arg1	composition					113:123	milk composition	108:123	milk composition	108:123	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	85	theme	Holstein	128:135	arg1	urine					40:44	urine	40:44	urine	40:44	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	85	theme	Holstein	128:135	arg1	ruminal					31:37	ruminal	31:37	ruminal	31:37	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	85	theme	Holstein	128:135	arg1	digestibility					89:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	0	85	theme	Holstein	128:135	arg1	pH					57:58	fecal pH	51:58	fecal pH	51:58	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	7	86	theme	rumen-cannulated	1528:1543	arg1	cows					1545:1548	the rumen-cannulated cows	1524:1548	the rumen-cannulated cows	1524:1548	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	1	87	from	effects	158:164	arg1	composition					272:282	milk composition	267:282	milk composition	267:282	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	1	87	from	effects	158:164	arg1	urine					199:203	urine	199:203	urine	199:203	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	1	87	from	effects	158:164	arg1	ruminal					190:196	ruminal	190:196	ruminal	190:196	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	1	87	from	effects	158:164	arg1	digestibility					248:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	1	87	from	effects	158:164	arg1	pH					216:217	fecal pH	210:217	fecal pH	210:217	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	9	88	theme	±	2032:2032	arg1	%					2037:2037	91.84 ± 1.6%	2026:2037	91.84 ± 1.6%	2026:2037	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	3	89	theme	restricted	606:615	arg1	feeding					617:623	restricted feeding	606:623	restricted feeding	606:623	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	90	dep	fed	807:809	arg1	CON					812:814	CON	812:814	CON	812:814	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	91	from	cows	1284:1287	arg1	kg/d					1302:1305	13.2 kg/d	1297:1305	13.2 kg/d	1297:1305	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	91	from	cows	1284:1287	arg1	HG					1312:1313	HG	1312:1313	HG (12.4 kg/d)	1312:1325	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	91	from	cows	1284:1287	arg1	kg/d					1321:1324	12.4 kg/d	1316:1324	12.4 kg/d	1316:1324	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	91	from	cows	1284:1287	arg1	CON					1292:1294	CON	1292:1294	CON (13.2 kg/d)	1292:1306	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	0	92	theme	fecal	51:55	arg1	pH					57:58	fecal pH	51:58	fecal pH	51:58	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	1	93	theme	milk	267:270	arg1	composition					272:282	milk composition	267:282	milk composition	267:282	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	3	94	theme	mixed	775:779	arg1	libitum					791:797	total mixed ration ad libitum	769:797	total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1	769:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	9	95	from	effect	1982:1987	arg1	S3					1992:1993	S3	1992:1993	S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1992:2073	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	3	96	theme	ration	667:672	arg1	%					646:646	50%	644:646	50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	644:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	96	theme	ration	667:672	arg1	ration					667:672	the total mixed ration	651:672	the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	651:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	4	97	contain	had	1072:1074	arg2	effect					1098:1103	a quadratic treatment effect	1076:1103	a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d)	1076:1208	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	4	97	contain	had	1072:1074	arg1	cows					1067:1070	cows	1067:1070	cows	1067:1070	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	13	98	theme	systemic	2382:2389	arg1	pH					2399:2400	systemic (urine) pH	2382:2400	systemic (urine) pH	2382:2400	A potentially useful link between rumen pH and systemic (urine) pH within 2 h after feeding was quantified in Holstein cows.
26774720	7	99	contain	had	1550:1552	arg2	effect					1573:1578	a linear treatment effect	1554:1578	a linear treatment effect	1554:1578	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	7	99	contain	had	1550:1552	arg1	pH					1517:1518	Rumen pH	1511:1518	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows	1511:1548	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	3	100	theme	total	655:659	arg1	ration					667:672	the total mixed ration	651:672	the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	651:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	6	101	contain	had	1396:1398	arg2	effect					1419:1424	a linear treatment effect	1400:1424	a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1400:1508	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	6	101	contain	had	1396:1398	arg1	cows					1391:1394	Holstein cows	1382:1394	Holstein cows	1382:1394	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	2	102	theme	balanced	424:431	arg1	design					417:422	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	6	103	dep	intake	1441:1446	arg1	kg/d					1470:1473	17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d	1449:1473	17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively	1449:1507	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	0	104	theme	total-tract	70:80	arg1	digestibility					89:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	61:101	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	9	105	theme	linear	1864:1869	arg1	effect					1881:1886	the linear treatment effect	1860:1886	the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1860:1942	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	2	106	theme	square	410:415	arg1	design					417:422	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced	385:431	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	6	107	theme	linear	1402:1407	arg1	effect					1419:1424	a linear treatment effect	1400:1424	a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1400:1508	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	8	108	theme	treatment	1754:1762	arg1	effect					1764:1769	the quadratic treatment effect	1740:1769	the quadratic treatment effect	1740:1769	Cows in HG spent more time with rumen pH below 5.8 (4.33 h) than MG (2 h) or CON (2.17 h) as shown by the quadratic treatment effect.
26774720	3	109	theme	ad	788:789	arg1	libitum					791:797	total mixed ration ad libitum	769:797	total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1	769:967	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	0	110	theme	grain	12:16	arg1	challenge					18:26	a grain challenge	10:26	a grain challenge	10:26	Effect of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition of Holstein and Jersey cows.
26774720	9	111	theme	Apparent	1902:1909	arg1	digestibility					1930:1942	Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1902:1942	Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1902:1942	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	112	contain	had	1944:1946	arg2	tendency					1950:1957	a tendency	1948:1957	a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1948:2073	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	112	contain	had	1944:1946	arg1	effect					1881:1886	the linear treatment effect	1860:1886	the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility	1860:1942	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	5	113	theme	dry	1337:1339	arg1	intake					1348:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	lower dry matter intake	1331:1353	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	6	114	theme	Holstein	1382:1389	arg1	cows					1391:1394	Holstein cows	1382:1394	Holstein cows	1382:1394	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	1	115	theme	apparent	220:227	arg1	digestibility					248:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	3	116	theme	matter	689:694	arg1	S1					681:682	S1	681:682	S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4	681:971	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	3	116	theme	matter	689:694	arg1	basis					696:700	dry matter basis	685:700	dry matter basis	685:700	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	7	117	dep	had	1550:1552	arg1	6.45					1581:1584	6.45	1581:1584	6.45	1581:1584	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	7	117	dep	had	1550:1552	arg1	6.35					1587:1590	6.35	1587:1590	6.35	1587:1590	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	7	117	dep	had	1550:1552	arg1	6.24					1597:1600	6.24	1597:1600	6.24	1597:1600	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	7	118	theme	treatment	1563:1571	arg1	effect					1573:1578	a linear treatment effect	1554:1578	a linear treatment effect	1554:1578	Rumen pH for the rumen-cannulated cows had a linear treatment effect (6.45, 6.35, and 6.24 for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	2	119	theme	Holstein	339:346	arg1	cows					348:351	6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows	320:351	6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows	320:351	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	1	120	theme	starch	241:246	arg1	digestibility					248:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	apparent total-tract starch digestibility	220:260	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	5	121	theme	quadratic	1229:1237	arg1	effect					1249:1254	a quadratic treatment effect	1227:1254	a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d)	1227:1379	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	6	122	theme	dry	1430:1432	arg1	intake					1441:1446	dry matter intake	1430:1446	dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively)	1430:1508	Holstein cows had a linear treatment effect for dry matter intake (17.7, 18.4, and 18.6 kg/d for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	9	123	theme	Holstein	1772:1779	arg1	cows					1781:1784	Holstein cows	1772:1784	Holstein cows in HG (8.46)	1772:1797	Holstein cows in HG (8.46) had lower urine pH than MG (8.51) or CON (8.54) as showed by the linear treatment effect for urine pH. Apparent total-tract starch digestibility had a tendency for a linear treatment effect on S3 (97.62 ± 1.5, 97.47 ± 1.5, and 91.84 ± 1.6%, for CON, MG, and HG, respectively).
26774720	10	124	theme	Fecal	2076:2080	arg1	pH					2082:2083	Fecal pH	2076:2083	Fecal pH	2076:2083	Fecal pH was associated with rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows.
26774720	3	125	theme	mixed	1029:1033	arg1	ration					1035:1040	regular total mixed ration	1015:1040	regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	1015:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	126	contain	had	1223:1225	arg1	cows					1218:1221	Jersey cows	1211:1221	Jersey cows	1211:1221	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	5	126	contain	had	1223:1225	arg2	effect					1249:1254	a quadratic treatment effect	1227:1254	a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d)	1227:1379	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26774720	4	127	theme	milk	1109:1112	arg1	yield					1114:1118	milk yield	1109:1118	milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d)	1109:1208	Overall, cows had a quadratic treatment effect for milk yield where CON (22.6 kg/d) and HG (23.5 kg/d) had lower milk yield than cows in MG (23.7 kg/d).
26774720	1	128	theme	challenge	177:185	arg1	effects					158:164	The effects	154:164	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition	154:282	The effects of a grain challenge on ruminal, urine, and fecal pH, apparent total-tract starch digestibility, and milk composition were determined.
26774720	13	129	theme	Holstein	2445:2452	arg1	cows					2454:2457	Holstein cows	2445:2457	Holstein cows	2445:2457	A potentially useful link between rumen pH and systemic (urine) pH within 2 h after feeding was quantified in Holstein cows.
26774720	3	130	theme	grain	715:719	arg1	challenge					721:729	a grain challenge	713:729	a grain challenge	713:729	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	10	131	dep	early	2128:2132	arg1	as					2134:2135	as	2134:2135	as	2134:2135	Fecal pH was associated with rumen pH depression as early as 15 h after feeding for Holstein cows.
26774720	2	132	used	used	377:380	arg2	cows					314:317	Six Holstein cows	301:317	Six Holstein cows	301:317	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	2	132	used	used	377:380	arg2	cows					348:351	6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows	320:351	6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows	320:351	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	2	132	used	used	377:380	arg2	cows					367:370	6 Jersey cows	358:370	6 Jersey cows	358:370	Six Holstein cows, 6 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows, and 6 Jersey cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects.
26774720	3	133	theme	regular	1015:1021	arg1	ration					1035:1040	regular total mixed ration	1015:1040	regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum	1015:1055	Periods (10 d) were divided into 4 stages (S): S1, d 1 to 3, served as baseline with regular total mixed ration ad libitum; S2, d 4, served as restricted feeding, with cows offered 50% of the total mixed ration fed on S1 (dry matter basis); S3, d 5, a grain challenge was performed, in which cows were fed total mixed ration ad libitum and not fed (CON) or fed an addition of 10% (MG) or 20% (HG) pellet wheat-barley (1:1) top-dressed onto the total mixed ration, based on dry matter intake obtained in S1; S4, d 6 to 10, served as recovery stage with regular total mixed ration fed ad libitum.
26774720	5	134	theme	Jersey	1211:1216	arg1	cows					1218:1221	Jersey cows	1211:1221	Jersey cows	1211:1221	Jersey cows had a quadratic treatment effect for dry matter intake where cows in CON (13.2 kg/d) and HG (12.4 kg/d) had lower dry matter intake than cows in MG (14 kg/d).
26738745	4	0	from	information	879:889	arg1	composition					904:914	household composition	894:914	household composition (age and sex of household members)	894:949	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	4	0	from	information	879:889	arg1	status					969:974	socioeconomic status	955:974	socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high)	955:998	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	3	1	from	trend	626:630	arg1	different					600:608	different	600:608	different	600:608	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	3	1	from	trend	626:630	arg1	trend					563:567	the post-tax trend	550:567	the post-tax trend in purchases	550:580	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	6	2	theme	beverages	1361:1369	arg1	counterfactual					1318:1331	the counterfactual	1314:1331	the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages	1314:1369	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	5	3	theme	observed	1113:1120	arg1	post-tax					1122:1129	2014-the observed post-tax	1104:1129	2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1104:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	11	4	from	Foundation	2328:2337	arg1	grants					2263:2268	grants	2263:2268	grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation	2263:2337	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	7	5	theme	%	1655:1655	arg1	decline					1657:1663	a 9% decline	1652:1663	a 9% decline during 2014	1652:1675	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	11	6	theme	Population	2403:2412	arg1	Center					2414:2419	Population Center	2403:2419	Population Center	2403:2419	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	1	7	theme	excise	238:243	arg1	tax					245:247	the excise tax	234:247	the excise tax	234:247	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	9	8	theme	sugar	1937:1941	arg1	beverages					1953:1961	sugar sweetened beverages	1937:1961	sugar sweetened beverages	1937:1961	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	4	9	dep	status	969:974	arg1	middle					982:987	middle	982:987	middle	982:987	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	4	9	dep	status	969:974	arg1	high					994:997	high	994:997	high	994:997	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	4	9	dep	status	969:974	arg1	low					977:979	low	977:979	low	977:979	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	1	10	theme	tax	245:247	arg1	implementation					216:229	implementation	216:229	implementation of the excise tax	216:247	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	3	11	from	difference	652:661	arg1	model					691:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	10	12	theme	Continued	2075:2083	arg1	monitoring					2085:2094	Continued monitoring	2075:2094	Continued monitoring	2075:2094	Continued monitoring is needed to understand purchases longer term, potential substitutions, and health implications.
26738745	7	13	theme	socioeconomic	1620:1632	arg1	status					1634:1639	low socioeconomic status	1616:1639	low socioeconomic status	1616:1639	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	3	14	theme	fixed	677:681	arg1	model					691:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	4	15	theme	demographic	867:877	arg1	information					879:889	demographic information	867:889	demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high)	867:998	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	1	16	from	stores	184:189	arg1	purchases					156:164	purchases	156:164	purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax	156:247	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	1	16	from	stores	184:189	arg1	year					205:208	Mexico one year	194:208	Mexico one year	194:208	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	1	16	from	stores	184:189	arg1	beverages					169:177	beverages	169:177	beverages from stores in Mexico one year	169:208	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	11	17	from	Philanthropies	2285:2298	arg1	grants					2263:2268	grants	2263:2268	grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation	2263:2337	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	9	18	from	increases	2030:2038	arg1	purchases					2043:2051	purchases	2043:2051	purchases of untaxed beverages	2043:2072	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	9	18	from	increases	2030:2038	arg1	purchases					1997:2005	purchases	1997:2005	purchases of taxed beverages	1997:2024	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	5	19	dep	period-with	1131:1141	arg1	volumes					1157:1163	the estimated volumes	1143:1163	the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1143:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	9	20	theme	taxed	2010:2014	arg1	beverages					2016:2024	taxed beverages	2010:2024	taxed beverages	2010:2024	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	8	21	theme	beverages	1770:1778	arg1	Purchases					1749:1757	Purchases	1749:1757	Purchases of untaxed beverages	1749:1778	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	1	22	from	purchases	156:164	arg1	stores					184:189	stores	184:189	stores in Mexico one year	184:208	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	3	23	theme	beverages	777:785	arg1	purchase					765:772	purchase	765:772	purchase	765:772	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	3	24	theme	macroeconomic	721:733	arg1	variables					735:743	both macroeconomic variables	716:743	both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends	716:820	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	0	25	theme	excise	51:56	arg1	tax					58:60	the excise tax	47:60	the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages	47:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	5	26	theme	predicted	1026:1034	arg1	volumes					1036:1042	the predicted volumes	1022:1042	the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1022:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	5	26	theme	predicted	1026:1034	arg1	mL/capita/day					1045:1057	mL/capita/day	1045:1057	mL/capita/day	1045:1057	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	3	27	theme	post-tax	554:561	arg1	different					600:608	different	600:608	different	600:608	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	3	27	theme	post-tax	554:561	arg1	trend					563:567	the post-tax trend	550:567	the post-tax trend in purchases	550:580	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	1	28	from	effect	146:151	arg1	purchases					156:164	purchases	156:164	purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax	156:247	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	1	28	from	effect	146:151	arg1	beverages					268:276	sugar sweetened beverages	252:276	sugar sweetened beverages	252:276	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	2	29	theme	6253	439:442	arg1	households					444:453	6253 households	439:453	6253 households	439:453	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	13	30	theme	additional	2466:2475	arg1	data					2477:2480	No additional data	2463:2480	No additional data	2463:2480	No additional data are available.
26738745	0	31	dep	study	106:110	arg1	purchases					9:17	Beverage purchases	0:17	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages	0:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	11	32	dep	Nacional	2360:2367	arg1	Center					2414:2419	Population Center	2403:2419	Population Center	2403:2419	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	11	32	dep	Nacional	2360:2367	arg1	Pública					2378:2384	Pública	2378:2384	Pública	2378:2384	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	11	32	dep	Nacional	2360:2367	arg1	de					2369:2370	Instituto Nacional de	2350:2370	the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública	2346:2384	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	2	33	used	used	327:330	arg2	authors					319:325	the authors	315:325	the authors	315:325	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	0	34	theme	sweetened	71:79	arg1	beverages					81:89	sugar sweetened beverages	65:89	sugar sweetened beverages	65:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	3	35	theme	pre-existing	802:813	arg1	trends					815:820	pre-existing trends	802:820	pre-existing trends	802:820	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	6	36	dep	decline	1470:1476	arg1	up					1458:1459	up	1458:1459	up	1458:1459	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	2	37	theme	beverages	356:364	arg1	purchase					344:351	purchase	344:351	purchase	344:351	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	5	38	theme	period-with	1131:1141	arg1	post-tax					1122:1129	2014-the observed post-tax	1104:1129	2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1104:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	4	39	theme	socioeconomic	955:967	arg1	status					969:974	socioeconomic status	955:974	socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high)	955:998	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	0	40	theme	Beverage	0:7	arg1	purchases					9:17	Beverage purchases	0:17	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages	0:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	5	41	theme	untaxed	1073:1079	arg1	beverages					1081:1089	taxed and untaxed beverages	1063:1089	taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1063:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	11	42	theme	COMPETING	2202:2210	arg1	DATA					2223:2226	DATA	2223:2226	DATA SHARING This work	2223:2244	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	11	42	theme	COMPETING	2202:2210	arg1	INTERESTS					2212:2220	COMPETING INTERESTS	2202:2220	COMPETING INTERESTS	2202:2220	FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING This work was supported by grants from Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and by the Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública and the Carolina Population Center.
26738745	6	43	theme	2014	1336:1339	arg1	purchases					1342:1350	2014, purchases	1336:1350	purchases	1342:1350	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	1	44	theme	sugar	252:256	arg1	beverages					268:276	sugar sweetened beverages	252:276	sugar sweetened beverages	252:276	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	7	45	theme	socioeconomic	1506:1518	arg1	groups					1520:1525	All three socioeconomic groups	1496:1525	All three socioeconomic groups	1496:1525	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	8	46	theme	plain	1892:1896	arg1	water					1898:1902	bottled plain water	1884:1902	bottled plain water	1884:1902	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	4	47	theme	household	932:940	arg1	members					942:948	household members	932:948	household members	932:948	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	12	48	contain	have	2434:2437	arg1	authors					2426:2432	The authors	2422:2432	The authors	2422:2432	The authors have no competing interests.
26738745	12	48	contain	have	2434:2437	arg2	interests					2452:2460	no competing interests	2439:2460	no competing interests	2439:2460	The authors have no competing interests.
26738745	2	49	dep	January	381:387	arg1	December					397:404	December	397:404	December	397:404	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	2	49	dep	January	381:387	arg1	to					394:395	to	394:395	to	394:395	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	5	50	theme	taxed	1063:1067	arg1	beverages					1081:1089	taxed and untaxed beverages	1063:1089	taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1063:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	2	51	from	beverages	356:364	arg1	Mexico					369:374	Mexico	369:374	Mexico	369:374	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	9	52	theme	beverages	2064:2072	arg1	purchases					2043:2051	purchases	2043:2051	purchases of untaxed beverages	2043:2072	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	2	53	theme	observational	295:307	arg1	study					309:313	this observational study	290:313	this observational study	290:313	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	1	54	theme	Mexico	194:199	arg1	year					205:208	Mexico one year	194:208	Mexico one year	194:208	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	7	55	theme	%	1692:1692	arg1	decrease					1694:1701	a 17% decrease	1688:1701	a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends	1688:1746	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	5	56	dep	implemented	1220:1230	arg1	counterfactual					1233:1246	counterfactual	1233:1246	counterfactual	1233:1246	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	2	57	from	January	381:387	arg1	data					332:335	data	332:335	data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households	332:453	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	5	58	theme	2014-the	1104:1111	arg1	post-tax					1122:1129	2014-the observed post-tax	1104:1129	2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1104:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	8	59	dep	higher	1807:1812	arg1	%					1786:1786	4%	1785:1786	4%	1785:1786	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	8	59	dep	higher	1807:1812	arg1	mL/capita/day					1792:1804	36 mL/capita/day	1789:1804	36 mL/capita/day	1789:1804	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	7	60	theme	9	1654:1654	arg1	%					1655:1655	%	1655:1655	%	1655:1655	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	9	61	from	reductions	1983:1992	arg1	purchases					2043:2051	purchases	2043:2051	purchases of untaxed beverages	2043:2072	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	9	61	from	reductions	1983:1992	arg1	purchases					1997:2005	purchases	1997:2005	purchases of taxed beverages	1997:2024	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	6	62	theme	taxed	1355:1359	arg1	beverages					1361:1369	taxed beverages	1355:1369	taxed beverages	1355:1369	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	3	63	theme	difference	666:675	arg1	model					691:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	7	64	theme	status	1634:1639	arg1	households					1602:1611	the households	1598:1611	the households of low socioeconomic status	1598:1639	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	9	65	theme	sweetened	1943:1951	arg1	beverages					1953:1961	sugar sweetened beverages	1937:1961	sugar sweetened beverages	1937:1961	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	7	66	theme	low	1616:1618	arg1	status					1634:1639	low socioeconomic status	1616:1639	low socioeconomic status	1616:1639	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	4	67	dep	composition	904:914	arg1	age					917:919	age	917:919	age	917:919	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	4	67	dep	composition	904:914	arg1	sex					925:927	sex	925:927	sex	925:927	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	1	68	theme	beverages	169:177	arg1	purchases					156:164	purchases	156:164	purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax	156:247	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	10	69	theme	term	2137:2140	arg1	purchases					2120:2128	purchases	2120:2128	purchases longer term	2120:2140	Continued monitoring is needed to understand purchases longer term, potential substitutions, and health implications.
26738745	3	70	theme	effects	683:689	arg1	model					691:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	difference fixed effects model	666:695	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	6	71	theme	%	1399:1399	arg1	average					1387:1393	an average	1384:1393	an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day)	1384:1419	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	0	72	from	tax	58:60	arg1	beverages					81:89	sugar sweetened beverages	65:89	sugar sweetened beverages	65:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	8	73	theme	untaxed	1762:1768	arg1	beverages					1770:1778	untaxed beverages	1762:1778	untaxed beverages	1762:1778	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	2	74	from	data	332:335	arg1	purchase					344:351	purchase	344:351	purchase	344:351	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	1	75	theme	STUDY	113:117	arg1	effect					146:151	the effect	142:151	the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages	142:276	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	1	75	theme	STUDY	113:117	arg1	QUESTION					119:126	STUDY QUESTION	113:126	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?	113:277	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	10	76	theme	potential	2143:2151	arg1	substitutions					2153:2165	potential substitutions	2143:2165	potential substitutions	2143:2165	Continued monitoring is needed to understand purchases longer term, potential substitutions, and health implications.
26738745	2	77	dep	METHODS	279:285	arg1	used					327:330	used	327:330	used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants	327:531	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	9	78	theme	beverages	2016:2024	arg1	purchases					1997:2005	purchases	1997:2005	purchases of taxed beverages	1997:2024	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	6	79	from	counterfactual	1318:1331	arg1	purchases					1342:1350	2014, purchases	1336:1350	purchases	1342:1350	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	6	80	theme	increasing	1442:1451	arg1	rate					1453:1456	an increasing rate	1439:1456	an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014	1439:1493	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	2	81	theme	households	444:453	arg1	panel					430:434	an unbalanced panel	416:434	an unbalanced panel of 6253 households	416:453	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	0	82	from	stores	24:29	arg1	Mexico					34:39	Mexico	34:39	Mexico	34:39	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	0	82	from	stores	24:29	arg1	purchases					9:17	Beverage purchases	0:17	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages	0:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	12	83	theme	competing	2442:2450	arg1	interests					2452:2460	no competing interests	2439:2460	no competing interests	2439:2460	The authors have no competing interests.
26738745	0	84	theme	sugar	65:69	arg1	beverages					81:89	sugar sweetened beverages	65:89	sugar sweetened beverages	65:89	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	10	85	theme	health	2172:2177	arg1	implications					2179:2190	health implications	2172:2190	health implications	2172:2190	Continued monitoring is needed to understand purchases longer term, potential substitutions, and health implications.
26738745	6	86	theme	STUDY	1273:1277	arg1	ANSWER					1279:1284	STUDY ANSWER	1273:1284	STUDY ANSWER	1273:1284	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	2	87	from	METHODS	279:285	arg1	study					309:313	this observational study	290:313	this observational study	290:313	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	8	88	from	increase	1859:1866	arg1	purchases					1871:1879	purchases	1871:1879	purchases of bottled plain water	1871:1902	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	9	89	theme	untaxed	2056:2062	arg1	beverages					2064:2072	untaxed beverages	2056:2072	untaxed beverages	2056:2072	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	0	90	theme	observational	92:104	arg1	study					106:110	observational study	92:110	observational study	92:110	Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study.
26738745	7	91	theme	beverages	1554:1562	arg1	purchases					1535:1543	purchases	1535:1543	purchases of taxed beverages	1535:1562	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	2	92	theme	205	465:467	arg1	observations					473:484	205 112 observations	465:484	205 112 observations	465:484	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	2	93	from	panel	430:434	arg1	data					332:335	data	332:335	data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households	332:453	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	3	94	from	trend	563:567	arg1	purchases					572:580	purchases	572:580	purchases	572:580	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	7	95	theme	pretax	1734:1739	arg1	trends					1741:1746	pretax trends	1734:1746	pretax trends	1734:1746	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	7	96	theme	taxed	1548:1552	arg1	beverages					1554:1562	taxed beverages	1548:1562	taxed beverages	1548:1562	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	8	97	theme	bottled	1884:1890	arg1	water					1898:1902	bottled plain water	1884:1902	bottled plain water	1884:1902	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	9	98	from	tax	1930:1932	arg1	beverages					1953:1961	sugar sweetened beverages	1937:1961	sugar sweetened beverages	1937:1961	WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS The tax on sugar sweetened beverages was associated with reductions in purchases of taxed beverages and increases in purchases of untaxed beverages.
26738745	5	99	theme	beverages	1081:1089	arg1	volumes					1036:1042	the predicted volumes	1022:1042	the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1022:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	5	99	theme	beverages	1081:1089	arg1	mL/capita/day					1045:1057	mL/capita/day	1045:1057	mL/capita/day	1045:1057	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	6	100	theme	%	1468:1468	arg1	decline					1470:1476	a 12% decline	1464:1476	a 12% decline by December 2014	1464:1493	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	8	101	theme	water	1898:1902	arg1	purchases					1871:1879	purchases	1871:1879	purchases of bottled plain water	1871:1902	Purchases of untaxed beverages were 4% (36 mL/capita/day) higher than the counterfactual, mainly driven by an increase in purchases of bottled plain water.
26738745	1	102	theme	sweetened	258:266	arg1	beverages					268:276	sugar sweetened beverages	252:276	sugar sweetened beverages	252:276	STUDY QUESTION What has been the effect on purchases of beverages from stores in Mexico one year after implementation of the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages?
26738745	2	103	theme	unbalanced	419:428	arg1	panel					430:434	an unbalanced panel	416:434	an unbalanced panel of 6253 households	416:453	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	4	104	theme	household	894:902	arg1	composition					904:914	household composition	894:914	household composition (age and sex of household members)	894:949	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	4	105	theme	members	942:948	arg1	age					917:919	age	917:919	age	917:919	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	4	105	theme	members	942:948	arg1	sex					925:927	sex	925:927	sex	925:927	The variables used in the analysis included demographic information on household composition (age and sex of household members) and socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high).
26738745	3	106	theme	pretax	619:624	arg1	trend					626:630	the pretax trend	615:630	the pretax trend	615:630	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
26738745	2	107	with	cities	492:497	arg1	inhabitants					521:531	more than 50 000 inhabitants	504:531	more than 50 000 inhabitants	504:531	METHODS In this observational study the authors used data on the purchase of beverages in Mexico from January 2012 to December 2014 from an unbalanced panel of 6253 households providing 205 112 observations in 53 cities with more than 50 000 inhabitants.
26738745	7	108	theme	17	1690:1691	arg1	%					1692:1692	%	1692:1692	%	1692:1692	All three socioeconomic groups reduced purchases of taxed beverages, but reductions were higher among the households of low socioeconomic status, averaging a 9% decline during 2014, and up to a 17% decrease by December 2014 compared with pretax trends.
26738745	6	109	theme	12	1466:1467	arg1	%					1468:1468	%	1468:1468	%	1468:1468	STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS Relative to the counterfactual in 2014, purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 6% (-12 mL/capita/day), and decreased at an increasing rate up to a 12% decline by December 2014.
26738745	5	110	theme	pretax	1258:1263	arg1	trends					1265:1270	pretax trends	1258:1270	pretax trends	1258:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	5	111	theme	estimated	1147:1155	arg1	volumes					1157:1163	the estimated volumes	1143:1163	the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends	1143:1270	The authors compared the predicted volumes (mL/capita/day) of taxed and untaxed beverages purchased in 2014-the observed post-tax period-with the estimated volumes that would have been purchased if the tax had not been implemented (counterfactual) based on pretax trends.
26738745	3	112	used	used	645:648	arg2	authors					637:643	the authors	633:643	the authors	633:643	To test whether the post-tax trend in purchases was significantly different from the pretax trend, the authors used a difference in difference fixed effects model, which adjusts for both macroeconomic variables that can affect the purchase of beverages over time, and pre-existing trends.
25509782	6	0	theme	tissue	2573:2578	arg1	cartilage					2591:2599	tissue engineered cartilage	2573:2599	tissue engineered cartilage	2573:2599	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	4	1	theme	group	1983:1987	arg1	B					1989:1989	group B	1983:1989	group B	1983:1989	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	2	theme	staining	1339:1346	arg1	cells					1314:1318	poor cells	1309:1318	poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1309:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	2	theme	staining	1339:1346	arg1	loss					1331:1334	loss	1331:1334	loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1331:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	2	theme	staining	1339:1346	arg1	growth					1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	3	theme	ECM	672:674	arg1	scaffolds					676:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds	627:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation	627:711	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	4	theme	poor	1309:1312	arg1	cells					1314:1318	poor cells	1309:1318	poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1309:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	4	theme	poor	1309:1312	arg1	loss					1331:1334	loss	1331:1334	loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1331:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	4	theme	poor	1309:1312	arg1	growth					1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	5	theme	μg/sample	1913:1921	arg1	group					1630:1634	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	6	theme	optimal	2477:2483	arg1	environment					2485:2495	the optimal environment	2473:2495	the optimal environment for chondrocytes	2473:2512	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	1	7	theme	tissue	289:294	arg1	cartilage					307:315	tissue engineered cartilage	289:315	tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	289:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	6	8	theme	good	2551:2554	arg1	scaffolds					2525:2533	the ECM scaffolds	2517:2533	the ECM scaffolds	2517:2533	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	6	8	theme	good	2551:2554	arg1	way					2556:2558	a good way	2549:2558	a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro	2549:2608	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	2	9	theme	days	692:695	arg1	pre-cultivation					697:711	5 days pre-cultivation	690:711	5 days pre-cultivation	690:711	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	1	10	theme	engineered	296:305	arg1	cartilage					307:315	tissue engineered cartilage	289:315	tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	289:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	2	11	theme	group	796:800	arg1	condition					821:829	dynamic culture condition	805:829	dynamic culture condition	805:829	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	11	theme	group	796:800	arg1	B					802:802	group B	796:802	group B (dynamic culture condition)	796:830	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	1	12	theme	compressive	206:216	arg1	stimulation					218:228	dynamic compressive stimulation	198:228	dynamic compressive stimulation	198:228	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	13	dep	cells	1314:1318	arg1	cells					1314:1318	poor cells	1309:1318	poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1309:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	13	dep	cells	1314:1318	arg1	loss					1331:1334	loss	1331:1334	loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1331:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	13	dep	cells	1314:1318	arg1	growth					1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	1	14	with	cartilage	307:315	arg1	scaffolds					394:402	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds	322:402	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	15	dep	μg/mg	1766:1770	arg1	±					1757:1757	675.85 ± 27.93	1750:1763	675.85 ± 27.93	1750:1763	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	5	16	theme	0.43	2256:2259	arg1	MPa					2269:2271	(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa	2255:2271	(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa	2255:2271	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	16	theme	0.43	2256:2259	arg1	0.12					2263:2266	0.43 ± 0.12	2256:2266	0.43 ± 0.12	2256:2266	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	2	17	theme	culture	813:819	arg1	condition					821:829	dynamic culture condition	805:829	dynamic culture condition	805:829	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	17	theme	culture	813:819	arg1	B					802:802	group B	796:802	group B (dynamic culture condition)	796:830	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	5	18	theme	group	2202:2206	arg1	MPa					2225:2227	(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa	2211:2227	(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa	2211:2227	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	18	theme	group	2202:2206	arg1	MPa					2269:2271	(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa	2255:2271	(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa	2255:2271	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	18	theme	group	2202:2206	arg1	A					2208:2208	group A	2202:2208	group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa]	2202:2228	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	18	theme	group	2202:2206	arg1	<					2277:2277	P < 0.05	2275:2282	P < 0.05	2275:2282	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	4	19	theme	=	2057:2057	arg1	2.790					2059:2063	t = 2.790	2055:2063	t = 2.790	2055:2063	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	20	theme	articular	652:660	arg1	scaffolds					676:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds	627:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation	627:711	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	5	21	theme	Mechanical	2078:2087	arg1	testing					2089:2095	Mechanical testing	2078:2095	Mechanical testing	2078:2095	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	4	22	theme	group	1926:1930	arg1	A					1932:1932	group A	1926:1932	group A respectively	1926:1945	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	23	theme	ECM	2521:2523	arg1	scaffolds					2525:2533	the ECM scaffolds	2517:2533	the ECM scaffolds	2517:2533	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	6	23	theme	ECM	2521:2523	arg1	way					2556:2558	a good way	2549:2558	a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro	2549:2608	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	2	24	theme	three-dimensional	627:643	arg1	scaffolds					676:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds	627:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation	627:711	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	25	theme	Group	751:755	arg1	A					757:757	Group A	751:757	Group A	751:757	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	26	theme	electron	1422:1429	arg1	microscopy					1431:1440	Scanning electron microscopy	1413:1440	Scanning electron microscopy	1413:1440	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	27	theme	scanning	1192:1199	arg1	microscopy					1210:1219	Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1186:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1178:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	1	28	theme	compressive	476:486	arg1	stress					488:493	compressive stress	476:493	compressive stress in bioreactor	476:507	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	29	from	μg/sample	1913:1921	arg1	A					1932:1932	group A	1926:1932	group A respectively	1926:1945	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	30	theme	group	1829:1833	arg1	B					1835:1835	group B	1829:1835	group B	1829:1835	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	31	from	μg/mg	1766:1770	arg1	B					1835:1835	group B	1829:1835	group B	1829:1835	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	1	32	from	stress	488:493	arg1	bioreactor					498:507	bioreactor	498:507	bioreactor	498:507	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	33	theme	matrix	381:386	arg1	scaffolds					394:402	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds	322:402	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	6	34	theme	compressive	2305:2315	arg1	stress					2317:2322	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress	2286:2322	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor	2286:2390	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	4	35	dep	μg/sample	1913:1921	arg1	±					1905:1905	10.18 ± 4.39	1899:1910	10.18 ± 4.39	1899:1910	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	36	theme	Zealand	552:558	arg1	rabbits					560:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	37	theme	collagen	1684:1691	arg1	GAG					1694:1696	collagen, GAG, and DNA contents	1684:1714	GAG	1694:1696	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	38	theme	engineered	2580:2589	arg1	cartilage					2591:2599	tissue engineered cartilage	2573:2599	tissue engineered cartilage	2573:2599	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	1	39	theme	three-dimensional	163:179	arg1	cultivation					181:191	three-dimensional cultivation	163:191	three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation	163:228	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	2	40	theme	passage	587:593	arg1	chondrocytes					597:608	passage 2 chondrocytes	587:608	passage 2 chondrocytes	587:608	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	41	from	loss	1331:1334	arg1	region					1363:1368	the central region	1351:1368	the central region of the scaffolds	1351:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	0	42	theme	cartilage	93:101	arg1	engineering					110:120	cartilage tissue engineering	93:120	cartilage tissue engineering	93:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	3	43	theme	DNA	1070:1072	arg1	content					1074:1080	total DNA content	1064:1080	total DNA content	1064:1080	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	5	44	theme	group	2135:2139	arg1	MPa					2159:2161	(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa	2144:2161	(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa	2144:2161	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	44	theme	group	2135:2139	arg1	B					2141:2141	group B	2135:2141	group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa]	2135:2162	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	4	45	theme	composition	1651:1661	arg1	analysis					1663:1670	composition analysis	1651:1670	composition analysis	1651:1670	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	46	from	proliferation	1492:1504	arg1	scaffolds					1525:1533	the scaffolds	1521:1533	the scaffolds of group B	1521:1544	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	47	theme	=	2034:2034	arg1	17.640					2036:2041	t = 17.640	2032:2041	t = 17.640	2032:2041	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	48	theme	Mimetic	2297:2303	arg1	stress					2317:2322	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress	2286:2322	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor	2286:2390	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	2	49	theme	METHODS	510:516	arg1	Chondrocytes					518:529	METHODS Chondrocytes	510:529	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	510:566	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	50	theme	=	2023:2023	arg1	0.000					2025:2029	P = 0.000	2021:2029	P = 0.000	2021:2029	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	51	from	adhesion	1482:1489	arg1	scaffolds					1525:1533	the scaffolds	1521:1533	the scaffolds of group B	1521:1544	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	0	52	theme	[An	0:2	arg1	study					13:17	[An in vitro study	0:17	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering	0:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	4	53	theme	P	2021:2021	arg1	0.000					2025:2029	P = 0.000	2021:2029	P = 0.000	2021:2029	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	54	dep	μg/mg	1790:1794	arg1	±					1781:1781	621.72 ± 26.75	1774:1787	621.72 ± 26.75	1774:1787	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	55	dep	μg/mg	1887:1891	arg1	±					1878:1878	301.63 ± 30.51	1871:1884	301.63 ± 30.51	1871:1884	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	56	theme	cell-scaffold	1719:1731	arg1	constructs					1733:1742	cell-scaffold constructs	1719:1742	cell-scaffold constructs	1719:1742	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	5	57	theme	±	2261:2261	arg1	MPa					2269:2271	(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa	2255:2271	(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa	2255:2271	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	57	theme	±	2261:2261	arg1	0.12					2263:2266	0.43 ± 0.12	2256:2266	0.43 ± 0.12	2256:2266	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	6	58	theme	dynamic	2347:2353	arg1	conditions					2355:2364	three-dimensional dynamic conditions	2329:2364	three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor	2329:2390	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	4	59	from	A	1932:1932	arg1	μg/sample					1913:1921	μg/sample	1913:1921	μg/sample	1913:1921	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	60	dep	A.	1410:1411	arg1	showed					1442:1447	showed	1442:1447	showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1442:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	3	61	theme	Cell	945:948	arg1	viability					950:958	Cell viability	945:958	Cell viability	945:958	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	4	62	dep	group	1630:1634	arg1	A.					1636:1637	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	63	theme	adult	542:546	arg1	rabbits					560:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	64	theme	good	1477:1480	arg1	adhesion					1482:1489	good adhesion	1477:1489	good adhesion	1477:1489	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	65	theme	P	2066:2066	arg1	0.024					2070:2074	P = 0.024	2066:2074	P = 0.024	2066:2074	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	66	theme	t	2008:2008	arg1	-18.512					2012:2018	t = -18.512	2008:2018	t = -18.512	2008:2018	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	66	theme	t	2008:2008	arg1	A					2005:2005	group A	1999:2005	group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1999:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	3	67	theme	culturing	1113:1121	arg1	weeks					1104:1108	3 weeks	1102:1108	3 weeks of culturing	1102:1121	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	1	68	theme	porous	340:345	arg1	ECM					389:391	ECM	389:391	ECM	389:391	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	68	theme	porous	340:345	arg1	matrix					381:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix	322:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	0	69	theme	dynamic	57:63	arg1	stimulation					77:87	dynamic compressive stimulation	57:87	dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering	57:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	4	70	from	B	1835:1835	arg1	μg/mg					1766:1770	μg/mg	1766:1770	μg/mg	1766:1770	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	1	71	theme	cartilage	357:365	arg1	ECM					389:391	ECM	389:391	ECM	389:391	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	71	theme	cartilage	357:365	arg1	matrix					381:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix	322:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	72	dep	-18.512	2012:2018	arg1	0.024					2070:2074	P = 0.024	2066:2074	P = 0.024	2066:2074	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	72	dep	-18.512	2012:2018	arg1	17.640					2036:2041	t = 17.640	2032:2041	t = 17.640	2032:2041	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	72	dep	-18.512	2012:2018	arg1	2.790					2059:2063	t = 2.790	2055:2063	t = 2.790	2055:2063	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	72	dep	-18.512	2012:2018	arg1	0.000					2048:2052	P = 0.000	2044:2052	P = 0.000	2044:2052	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	72	dep	-18.512	2012:2018	arg1	0.000					2025:2029	P = 0.000	2021:2029	P = 0.000	2021:2029	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	73	with	stress	2317:2322	arg1	conditions					2355:2364	three-dimensional dynamic conditions	2329:2364	three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor	2329:2390	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	5	74	theme	P	2275:2275	arg1	A					2208:2208	group A	2202:2208	group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa]	2202:2228	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	74	theme	P	2275:2275	arg1	<					2277:2277	P < 0.05	2275:2282	P < 0.05	2275:2282	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	4	75	theme	B	1544:1544	arg1	scaffolds					1525:1533	the scaffolds	1521:1533	the scaffolds of group B	1521:1544	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	76	theme	P	2044:2044	arg1	0.000					2048:2052	P = 0.000	2044:2052	P = 0.000	2044:2052	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	77	theme	ordinary	2411:2418	arg1	cultivation					2445:2455	the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation	2407:2455	the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation	2407:2455	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	3	78	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1009:1025	arg1	content					1033:1039	the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	1005:1039	the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content	1005:1039	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	2	79	theme	compressive	850:860	arg1	stimulation					869:879	dynamic compressive strain stimulation	842:879	dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz)	842:926	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	80	theme	t	2032:2032	arg1	17.640					2036:2041	t = 17.640	2032:2041	t = 17.640	2032:2041	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	3	81	theme	mechanical	1161:1170	arg1	test					1172:1175	mechanical test	1161:1175	mechanical test	1161:1175	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	4	82	theme	B	1300:1300	arg1	scaffold					1282:1289	the scaffold	1278:1289	the scaffold of group B	1278:1300	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	83	theme	compressive	882:892	arg1	frequence					909:917	frequence	909:917	frequence of 1 Hz	909:925	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	83	theme	compressive	882:892	arg1	strain					894:899	compressive strain	882:899	compressive strain of 15%	882:906	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	84	theme	Hz	924:925	arg1	frequence					909:917	frequence	909:917	frequence of 1 Hz	909:925	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	84	theme	Hz	924:925	arg1	strain					894:899	compressive strain	882:899	compressive strain of 15%	882:906	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	85	theme	chondrocytes	1567:1578	arg1	number					1557:1562	the number	1553:1562	the number of chondrocytes	1553:1578	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	86	theme	cartilage	662:670	arg1	scaffolds					676:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds	627:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation	627:711	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	87	theme	dynamic	805:811	arg1	condition					821:829	dynamic culture condition	805:829	dynamic culture condition	805:829	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	87	theme	dynamic	805:811	arg1	B					802:802	group B	796:802	group B (dynamic culture condition)	796:830	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	6	88	theme	three-dimensional	2427:2443	arg1	cultivation					2445:2455	the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation	2407:2455	the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation	2407:2455	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	1	89	theme	cultivation	181:191	arg1	effect					153:158	the effect	149:158	the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro	149:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	90	theme	dynamic	198:204	arg1	stimulation					218:228	dynamic compressive stimulation	198:228	dynamic compressive stimulation	198:228	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	2	91	dep	stimulation	869:879	arg1	frequence					909:917	frequence	909:917	frequence of 1 Hz	909:925	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	91	dep	stimulation	869:879	arg1	strain					894:899	compressive strain	882:899	compressive strain of 15%	882:906	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	3	92	theme	collagen	1042:1049	arg1	content					1051:1057	collagen content	1042:1057	collagen content	1042:1057	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	4	93	theme	t	2055:2055	arg1	2.790					2059:2063	t = 2.790	2055:2063	t = 2.790	2055:2063	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	94	dep	Biochemical	1639:1649	arg1	showed					1672:1677	showed	1672:1677	showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg	1672:1867	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	95	contain	possessed	1467:1475	arg2	proliferation					1492:1504	proliferation	1492:1504	proliferation	1492:1504	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	95	contain	possessed	1467:1475	arg1	chondrocytes					1454:1465	chondrocytes	1454:1465	chondrocytes	1454:1465	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	95	contain	possessed	1467:1475	arg2	growth					1511:1516	growth	1511:1516	growth on the scaffolds of group B	1511:1544	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	95	contain	possessed	1467:1475	arg2	adhesion					1482:1489	good adhesion	1477:1489	good adhesion	1477:1489	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	96	from	region	1363:1368	arg1	cells					1314:1318	poor cells	1309:1318	poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1309:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	96	from	region	1363:1368	arg1	loss					1331:1334	loss	1331:1334	loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1331:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	96	from	region	1363:1368	arg1	growth					1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	97	theme	scaffolds	1377:1385	arg1	region					1363:1368	the central region	1351:1368	the central region of the scaffolds	1351:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	98	theme	=	2068:2068	arg1	0.024					2070:2074	P = 0.024	2066:2074	P = 0.024	2066:2074	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	5	99	theme	elastic	2116:2122	arg1	modulus					2124:2130	the elastic modulus	2112:2130	the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa]	2112:2162	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	99	theme	elastic	2116:2122	arg1	higher					2182:2187	higher	2182:2187	higher	2182:2187	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	3	100	from	viability	950:958	arg1	scaffolds					980:988	scaffolds	980:988	scaffolds	980:988	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	4	101	theme	Laser	1186:1190	arg1	microscopy					1210:1219	Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1186:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1178:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	102	theme	=	2010:2010	arg1	-18.512					2012:2018	t = -18.512	2008:2018	t = -18.512	2008:2018	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	102	theme	=	2010:2010	arg1	A					2005:2005	group A	1999:2005	group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1999:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	1	103	theme	mechanical	450:459	arg1	stimulation					461:471	mechanical stimulation	450:471	mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor	450:507	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	104	with	cultivation	181:191	arg1	stimulation					218:228	dynamic compressive stimulation	198:228	dynamic compressive stimulation	198:228	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	2	105	theme	porous	645:650	arg1	scaffolds					676:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds	627:684	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation	627:711	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	3	106	from	distribution	964:975	arg1	scaffolds					980:988	scaffolds	980:988	scaffolds	980:988	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	4	107	theme	confocal	1201:1208	arg1	microscopy					1210:1219	Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1186:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1178:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	5	108	theme	cell-free	2234:2242	arg1	scaffolds					2244:2252	cell-free scaffolds	2234:2252	cell-free scaffolds	2234:2252	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	4	109	theme	central	1355:1361	arg1	region					1363:1368	the central region	1351:1368	the central region of the scaffolds	1351:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	110	located	observed	1392:1399	arg1	group					1404:1408	group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1404:2075	group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1404:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	110	located	observed	1392:1399	arg2	loss					1331:1334	loss	1331:1334	loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1331:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	110	located	observed	1392:1399	arg2	growth					1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	growth	1320:1325	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	110	located	observed	1392:1399	arg2	cells					1314:1318	poor cells	1309:1318	poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds	1309:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	111	from	staining	1339:1346	arg1	region					1363:1368	the central region	1351:1368	the central region of the scaffolds	1351:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	112	theme	Scanning	1413:1420	arg1	microscopy					1431:1440	Scanning electron microscopy	1413:1440	Scanning electron microscopy	1413:1440	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	0	113	theme	compressive	65:75	arg1	stimulation					77:87	dynamic compressive stimulation	57:87	dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering	57:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	2	114	theme	rabbits	560:566	arg1	Chondrocytes					518:529	METHODS Chondrocytes	510:529	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	510:566	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	0	115	from	study	13:17	arg1	cultivation					40:50	three-dimensional cultivation	22:50	three-dimensional cultivation	22:50	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	1	116	theme	cartilage	246:254	arg1	growth					256:261	cartilage growth	246:261	cartilage growth	246:261	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	2	117	theme	New	548:550	arg1	rabbits					560:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	118	from	growth	1511:1516	arg1	scaffolds					1525:1533	the scaffolds	1521:1533	the scaffolds of group B	1521:1544	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	0	119	theme	tissue	103:108	arg1	engineering					110:120	cartilage tissue engineering	93:120	cartilage tissue engineering	93:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	4	120	theme	group	1999:2003	arg1	-18.512					2012:2018	t = -18.512	2008:2018	t = -18.512	2008:2018	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	120	theme	group	1999:2003	arg1	A					2005:2005	group A	1999:2005	group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1999:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	3	121	theme	total	1064:1068	arg1	content					1074:1080	total DNA content	1064:1080	total DNA content	1064:1080	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	1	122	from	effect	153:158	arg1	promotion					233:241	promotion	233:241	promotion of cartilage growth in vitro	233:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	5	123	theme	B	2141:2141	arg1	modulus					2124:2130	the elastic modulus	2112:2130	the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa]	2112:2162	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	5	123	theme	B	2141:2141	arg1	higher					2182:2187	higher	2182:2187	higher	2182:2187	Mechanical testing indicated that the elastic modulus of group B [(0.67 ± 0.09 ) MPa] was significantly higher than that of group A [(0.49 ± 0.16) MPa] and cell-free scaffolds [(0.43 ± 0.12) MPa] (P < 0.05).
25509782	4	124	theme	Biochemical	1639:1649	arg1	group					1630:1634	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	0	125	theme	in	4:5	arg1	study					13:17	[An in vitro study	0:17	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering	0:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	1	126	theme	rabbit	415:420	arg1	chondrocytes					422:433	rabbit chondrocytes	415:433	rabbit chondrocytes	415:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	127	dep	μg/mg	1863:1867	arg1	±					1855:1855	438.72 ± 6.35	1848:1860	438.72 ± 6.35	1848:1860	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	128	from	growth	1320:1325	arg1	region					1363:1368	the central region	1351:1368	the central region of the scaffolds	1351:1385	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	129	dep	μg/sample	1816:1824	arg1	±					1808:1808	16.98 ± 3.23	1802:1813	16.98 ± 3.23	1802:1813	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	130	theme	group	1294:1298	arg1	B					1300:1300	group B	1294:1300	group B	1294:1300	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	131	dep	RESULTS	1178:1184	arg1	microscopy					1210:1219	Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1186:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy	1178:1219	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	132	theme	three-dimensional	2329:2345	arg1	conditions					2355:2364	three-dimensional dynamic conditions	2329:2364	three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor	2329:2390	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	0	133	theme	three-dimensional	22:38	arg1	cultivation					40:50	three-dimensional cultivation	22:50	three-dimensional cultivation	22:50	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	1	134	theme	three-dimensional	322:338	arg1	ECM					389:391	ECM	389:391	ECM	389:391	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	134	theme	three-dimensional	322:338	arg1	matrix					381:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix	322:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	135	dep	group	1404:1408	arg1	A.					1410:1411	A.	1410:1411	A.	1410:1411	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	136	theme	healthy	534:540	arg1	rabbits					560:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	healthy adult New Zealand rabbits	534:566	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	137	theme	constructs	1733:1742	arg1	contents					1707:1714	collagen, GAG, and DNA contents	1684:1714	contents	1707:1714	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	4	137	theme	constructs	1733:1742	arg1	GAG					1694:1696	collagen, GAG, and DNA contents	1684:1714	GAG	1694:1696	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	0	138	with	study	13:17	arg1	stimulation					77:87	dynamic compressive stimulation	57:87	dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering	57:120	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	1	139	theme	articular	347:355	arg1	ECM					389:391	ECM	389:391	ECM	389:391	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	139	theme	articular	347:355	arg1	matrix					381:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix	322:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	4	140	theme	μg/mg	1887:1891	arg1	group					1630:1634	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024)	1630:2075	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	6	141	theme	static	2420:2425	arg1	cultivation					2445:2455	the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation	2407:2455	the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation	2407:2455	CONCLUSION Mimetic compressive stress with three-dimensional dynamic conditions created in the bioreactor is superior to the ordinary static three-dimensional cultivation, it can provide the optimal environment for chondrocytes on the ECM scaffolds, which may be a good way to construct tissue engineered cartilage in vitro.
25509782	1	142	theme	extracellular	367:379	arg1	ECM					389:391	ECM	389:391	ECM	389:391	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	1	142	theme	extracellular	367:379	arg1	matrix					381:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix	322:386	three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes	322:433	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	3	143	theme	elastic	1128:1134	arg1	modulus					1136:1142	elastic modulus	1128:1142	elastic modulus	1128:1142	Cell viability and distribution in scaffolds were observed; the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, collagen content, and total DNA content were measured after 3 weeks of culturing; and elastic modulus was evaluated by mechanical test.
25509782	2	144	theme	strain	862:867	arg1	stimulation					869:879	dynamic compressive strain stimulation	842:879	dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz)	842:926	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	145	theme	DNA	1703:1705	arg1	contents					1707:1714	collagen, GAG, and DNA contents	1684:1714	contents	1707:1714	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	2	146	theme	static	769:774	arg1	culture					776:782	static culture	769:782	static culture	769:782	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	147	theme	group	1538:1542	arg1	B					1544:1544	group B	1538:1544	group B	1538:1544	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
25509782	1	148	theme	growth	256:261	arg1	promotion					233:241	promotion	233:241	promotion of cartilage growth in vitro	233:270	OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation on promotion of cartilage growth in vitro, by constructing tissue engineered cartilage with three-dimensional porous articular cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds laden with rabbit chondrocytes and performing mechanical stimulation by compressive stress in bioreactor.
25509782	0	149	dep	in	4:5	arg1	vitro					7:11	vitro	7:11	vitro	7:11	[An in vitro study on three-dimensional cultivation with dynamic compressive stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering].
25509782	2	150	theme	dynamic	842:848	arg1	stimulation					869:879	dynamic compressive strain stimulation	842:879	dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz)	842:926	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	151	theme	%	906:906	arg1	frequence					909:917	frequence	909:917	frequence of 1 Hz	909:925	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	2	151	theme	%	906:906	arg1	strain					894:899	compressive strain	882:899	compressive strain of 15%	882:906	METHODS Chondrocytes of healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were isolated, and passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded onto three-dimensional porous articular cartilage ECM scaffolds for 5 days pre-cultivation, and then were divided into 2 groups: Group A continued static culture as control; group B (dynamic culture condition) underwent dynamic compressive strain stimulation (compressive strain of 15%, frequence of 1 Hz) in a bioreactor.
25509782	4	152	theme	=	2046:2046	arg1	0.000					2048:2052	P = 0.000	2044:2052	P = 0.000	2044:2052	RESULTS Laser scanning confocal microscopy indicated that cells grew well and evenly distributed in the scaffold of group B, while poor cells growth and loss of staining in the central region of the scaffolds were observed in group A. Scanning electron microscopy showed that chondrocytes possessed good adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the scaffolds of group B; while the number of chondrocytes was significantly reduced, and cells scattered in group A. Biochemical composition analysis showed that collagen, GAG, and DNA contents of cell-scaffold constructs were (675.85 ± 27.93) μg/mg, (621.72 ± 26.75) μg/mg, and (16.98 ± 3.23) μg/sample in group B, and were (438.72 ± 6.35) μg/mg, (301.63 ± 30.51) μg/mg, and (10.18 ± 4.39) μg/sample in group A respectively, which were significantly higher in group B than in group A (t = -18.512, P = 0.000; t = 17.640, P = 0.000; t = 2.790, P = 0.024).
27179695	7	0	theme	system	1480:1485	arg1	components					1487:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	4	1	theme	ERβ	571:573	arg1	suppression					575:585	the ERβ suppression	567:585	the ERβ suppression	567:585	As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the ERβ suppression induces significant phenotypic changes in these cells, as compared to the control cells.
27179695	6	2	theme	JAK/STAT	1250:1257	arg1	pathways					1269:1276	the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1246:1276	the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1246:1276	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	8	3	theme	research	1690:1697	arg1	area					1682:1685	a new area	1676:1685	a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1676:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	7	4	theme	plasminogen	1457:1467	arg1	components					1487:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	2	5	theme	breast	266:271	arg1	properties					280:289	hormone-dependent breast cancer properties	248:289	hormone-dependent breast cancer properties	248:289	ERα has been clearly shown to play key role in hormone-dependent breast cancer properties, but little is known for the isoform ERβ.
27179695	5	6	theme	epithelial	840:849	arg1	E-cadherin					858:867	the epithelial marker E-cadherin	836:867	the epithelial marker E-cadherin	836:867	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	7	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	markers					756:762	the mesenchymal markers	740:762	the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin	740:787	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	7	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	vimentin					780:787	vimentin	780:787	vimentin	780:787	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	7	dep	markers	756:762	arg1	fibronectin					764:774	fibronectin	764:774	fibronectin	764:774	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	8	theme	E-cadherin	858:867	arg1	levels					826:831	the expression levels	811:831	the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions	811:886	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	6	9	theme	cell	956:959	arg1	properties					961:970	the functional cell properties	941:970	the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I.	941:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	5	10	theme	expression	815:824	arg1	levels					826:831	the expression levels	811:831	the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions	811:886	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	6	11	theme	kinase	1213:1218	arg1	receptors					1220:1228	the tyrosine kinase receptors	1200:1228	the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1200:1276	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	7	12	contain	has	1293:1295	arg1	ERβ					1289:1291	ERβ	1289:1291	ERβ	1289:1291	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	12	contain	has	1293:1295	arg2	role					1307:1310	a crucial role	1297:1310	a crucial role	1297:1310	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	5	13	dep	decreases	712:720	arg1	whereas					790:796	whereas	790:796	whereas	790:796	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	7	14	theme	several	1338:1344	arg1	proteoglycans					1378:1390	the proteoglycans	1374:1390	the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin	1374:1419	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	14	theme	several	1338:1344	arg1	kinases					1520:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	14	theme	several	1338:1344	arg1	mediators					1353:1361	several matrix mediators	1338:1361	several matrix mediators	1338:1361	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	14	theme	several	1338:1344	arg1	metalloproteinases					1437:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	14	theme	several	1338:1344	arg1	components					1487:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	1	15	theme	Estrogen	122:129	arg1	receptors					131:139	Estrogen receptors	122:139	Estrogen receptors	122:139	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	6	16	theme	cells	1186:1190	arg1	migration					1159:1167	the migration	1155:1167	the migration of breast cancer cells	1155:1190	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	6	17	theme	cells	1013:1017	arg1	aggressiveness					989:1002	the aggressiveness	985:1002	the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I.	985:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	6	18	theme	breast	1172:1177	arg1	cells					1186:1190	breast cancer cells	1172:1190	breast cancer cells	1172:1190	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	4	19	theme	control	661:667	arg1	cells					669:673	the control cells	657:673	the control cells	657:673	As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the ERβ suppression induces significant phenotypic changes in these cells, as compared to the control cells.
27179695	2	20	theme	key	236:238	arg1	role					240:243	key role	236:243	key role	236:243	ERα has been clearly shown to play key role in hormone-dependent breast cancer properties, but little is known for the isoform ERβ.
27179695	8	21	theme	dependent	1789:1797	arg1	cancer					1806:1811	the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1773:1811	the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1773:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	5	22	theme	cell	873:876	arg1	junctions					878:886	cell junctions	873:886	cell junctions	873:886	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	23	theme	mesenchymal	744:754	arg1	markers					756:762	the mesenchymal markers	740:762	the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin	740:787	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	23	theme	mesenchymal	744:754	arg1	vimentin					780:787	vimentin	780:787	vimentin	780:787	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	5	23	theme	mesenchymal	744:754	arg1	fibronectin					764:774	fibronectin	764:774	fibronectin	764:774	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	8	24	theme	cancer	1806:1811	arg1	targeting					1760:1768	pharmaceutical targeting	1745:1768	pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1745:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	1	25	theme	breast	163:168	arg1	cancer					170:175	breast cancer growth and progression	163:198	breast cancer growth and progression	163:198	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	5	26	theme	ERβ	708:710	arg1	down-regulation					689:703	the down-regulation	685:703	the down-regulation of ERβ	685:710	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	3	27	theme	breast	422:427	arg1	cells					436:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	0	28	theme	matrix	104:109	arg1	molecules					111:119	matrix molecules	104:119	matrix molecules	104:119	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	8	29	dep	behavior	1595:1602	arg1	the					1586:1588	the	1586:1588	the	1586:1588	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	0	30	theme	cancer	40:45	arg1	cells					47:51	breast cancer cells	33:51	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	6	31	theme	spreading	1054:1062	arg1	capacity					1064:1071	spreading capacity	1054:1071	spreading capacity	1054:1071	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	3	32	theme	ERβ	357:359	arg1	role					349:352	the role	345:352	the role of ERβ	345:359	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	6	33	from	aggressiveness	989:1002	arg1	I.					1108:1109	collagen I.	1099:1109	collagen I.	1099:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	3	34	theme	ERβ-suppressed	396:409	arg1	cells					436:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	0	35	theme	Estrogen	0:7	arg1	beta					18:21	Estrogen receptor beta	0:21	Estrogen receptor beta	0:21	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	7	36	theme	crucial	1299:1305	arg1	role					1307:1310	a crucial role	1297:1310	a crucial role	1297:1310	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	3	37	theme	lentiviral	500:509	arg1	particles					511:519	specific shRNA lentiviral particles	485:519	specific shRNA lentiviral particles	485:519	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	4	38	theme	scanning	537:544	arg1	microscopy					555:564	scanning electron microscopy	537:564	scanning electron microscopy	537:564	As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the ERβ suppression induces significant phenotypic changes in these cells, as compared to the control cells.
27179695	0	39	theme	breast	33:38	arg1	cells					47:51	breast cancer cells	33:51	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	8	40	theme	crucial	1570:1576	arg1	role					1578:1581	a crucial role	1568:1581	a crucial role	1568:1581	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	1	41	dep	cancer	170:175	arg1	progression					188:198	progression	188:198	progression	188:198	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	1	41	dep	cancer	170:175	arg1	growth					177:182	growth	177:182	growth	177:182	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	3	42	theme	ERβ	469:471	arg1	gene					473:476	the human ERβ gene	459:476	the human ERβ gene	459:476	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	0	43	theme	cells	47:51	arg1	signaling					76:84	signaling	76:84	signaling	76:84	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	0	43	theme	cells	47:51	arg1	properties					64:73	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	0	43	theme	cells	47:51	arg1	expression					90:99	expression	90:99	expression of matrix molecules	90:119	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	8	44	theme	aggressive	1638:1647	arg1	cells					1660:1664	the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells	1627:1664	the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells	1627:1664	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	7	45	theme	receptor	1502:1509	arg1	kinases					1520:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	8	46	theme	cell	1590:1593	arg1	behavior					1595:1602	cell behavior	1590:1602	cell behavior	1590:1602	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	3	47	theme	specific	485:492	arg1	particles					511:519	specific shRNA lentiviral particles	485:519	specific shRNA lentiviral particles	485:519	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	8	48	theme	cells	1660:1664	arg1	behavior					1595:1602	cell behavior	1590:1602	cell behavior	1590:1602	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	8	48	theme	cells	1660:1664	arg1	composition					1612:1622	ECM composition	1608:1622	ECM composition	1608:1622	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	6	49	dep	receptors	1220:1228	arg1	pathways					1269:1276	the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1246:1276	the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1246:1276	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	6	49	dep	receptors	1220:1228	arg1	EGFR/IGF-IR					1230:1240	EGFR/IGF-IR	1230:1240	EGFR/IGF-IR	1230:1240	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	4	50	theme	significant	595:605	arg1	changes					618:624	significant phenotypic changes	595:624	significant phenotypic changes	595:624	As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the ERβ suppression induces significant phenotypic changes in these cells, as compared to the control cells.
27179695	7	51	theme	activation	1469:1478	arg1	components					1487:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	6	52	theme	signaling	1259:1267	arg1	pathways					1269:1276	the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1246:1276	the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1246:1276	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	8	53	theme	new	1678:1680	arg1	area					1682:1685	a new area	1676:1685	a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1676:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	7	54	theme	several	1422:1428	arg1	metalloproteinases					1437:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	2	55	theme	cancer	273:278	arg1	properties					280:289	hormone-dependent breast cancer properties	248:289	hormone-dependent breast cancer properties	248:289	ERα has been clearly shown to play key role in hormone-dependent breast cancer properties, but little is known for the isoform ERβ.
27179695	7	56	theme	matrix	1430:1435	arg1	metalloproteinases					1437:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	6	57	theme	ERβ	1143:1145	arg1	down-regulation					1124:1138	the down-regulation	1120:1138	the down-regulation of ERβ	1120:1145	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	5	58	theme	marker	851:856	arg1	E-cadherin					858:867	the epithelial marker E-cadherin	836:867	the epithelial marker E-cadherin	836:867	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	6	59	theme	properties	961:970	arg1	levels					931:936	reduced levels	923:936	reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I.	923:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	6	60	theme	functional	945:954	arg1	properties					961:970	the functional cell properties	941:970	the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I.	941:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	6	61	theme	tyrosine	1204:1211	arg1	receptors					1220:1228	the tyrosine kinase receptors	1200:1228	the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways	1200:1276	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	8	62	dep	area	1682:1685	arg1	improve					1737:1743	improve	1737:1743	to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1734:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	8	62	dep	area	1682:1685	arg1	understand					1710:1719	understand	1710:1719	to further understand its role	1699:1728	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	6	63	theme	reduced	923:929	arg1	levels					931:936	reduced levels	923:936	reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I.	923:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	7	64	theme	matrix	1346:1351	arg1	proteoglycans					1378:1390	the proteoglycans	1374:1390	the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin	1374:1419	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	64	theme	matrix	1346:1351	arg1	kinases					1520:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	64	theme	matrix	1346:1351	arg1	mediators					1353:1361	several matrix mediators	1338:1361	several matrix mediators	1338:1361	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	64	theme	matrix	1346:1351	arg1	metalloproteinases					1437:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	several matrix metalloproteinases	1422:1454	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	64	theme	matrix	1346:1351	arg1	components					1487:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	plasminogen activation system components	1457:1496	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	2	65	theme	hormone-dependent	248:264	arg1	properties					280:289	hormone-dependent breast cancer properties	248:289	hormone-dependent breast cancer properties	248:289	ERα has been clearly shown to play key role in hormone-dependent breast cancer properties, but little is known for the isoform ERβ.
27179695	8	66	theme	pharmaceutical	1745:1758	arg1	targeting					1760:1768	pharmaceutical targeting	1745:1768	pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1745:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	6	67	theme	cancer	1179:1184	arg1	cells					1186:1190	breast cancer cells	1172:1190	breast cancer cells	1172:1190	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	1	68	theme	pivotal	146:152	arg1	roles					154:158	pivotal roles	146:158	pivotal roles	146:158	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	7	69	theme	gene	1319:1322	arg1	expression					1324:1333	the gene expression	1315:1333	the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases	1315:1526	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	5	70	theme	junctions	878:886	arg1	levels					826:831	the expression levels	811:831	the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions	811:886	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	8	71	theme	breast	1799:1804	arg1	cancer					1806:1811	the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1773:1811	the non-hormone dependent breast cancer	1773:1811	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	0	72	theme	molecules	111:119	arg1	signaling					76:84	signaling	76:84	signaling	76:84	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	0	72	theme	molecules	111:119	arg1	properties					64:73	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	0	72	theme	molecules	111:119	arg1	expression					90:99	expression	90:99	expression of matrix molecules	90:119	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	3	73	theme	cancer	429:434	arg1	cells					436:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	0	74	theme	receptor	9:16	arg1	beta					18:21	Estrogen receptor beta	0:21	Estrogen receptor beta	0:21	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	3	75	theme	MDA-MB-231	411:420	arg1	cells					436:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	7	76	theme	mediators	1353:1361	arg1	expression					1324:1333	the gene expression	1315:1333	the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases	1315:1526	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	4	77	theme	electron	546:553	arg1	microscopy					555:564	scanning electron microscopy	537:564	scanning electron microscopy	537:564	As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the ERβ suppression induces significant phenotypic changes in these cells, as compared to the control cells.
27179695	5	78	theme	markers	756:762	arg1	expression					726:735	the expression	722:735	the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin	722:787	Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ decreases the expression of the mesenchymal markers fibronectin and vimentin, whereas it increases the expression levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cell junctions.
27179695	3	79	theme	transfected	384:394	arg1	cells					436:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells	377:440	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	4	80	theme	phenotypic	607:616	arg1	changes					618:624	significant phenotypic changes	595:624	significant phenotypic changes	595:624	As observed by scanning electron microscopy, the ERβ suppression induces significant phenotypic changes in these cells, as compared to the control cells.
27179695	0	81	theme	functional	53:62	arg1	signaling					76:84	signaling	76:84	signaling	76:84	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	0	81	theme	functional	53:62	arg1	properties					64:73	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	breast cancer cells functional properties	33:73	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	0	81	theme	functional	53:62	arg1	expression					90:99	expression	90:99	expression of matrix molecules	90:119	Estrogen receptor beta modulates breast cancer cells functional properties, signaling and expression of matrix molecules.
27179695	7	82	dep	proteoglycans	1378:1390	arg1	proteoglycans					1378:1390	the proteoglycans	1374:1390	the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin	1374:1419	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	82	dep	proteoglycans	1378:1390	arg1	serglycin					1411:1419	serglycin	1411:1419	serglycin	1411:1419	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	7	82	dep	proteoglycans	1378:1390	arg1	syndecans-2/-4					1392:1405	syndecans-2/-4	1392:1405	syndecans-2/-4	1392:1405	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	2	83	theme	isoform	320:326	arg1	ERβ					328:330	the isoform ERβ	316:330	the isoform ERβ	316:330	ERα has been clearly shown to play key role in hormone-dependent breast cancer properties, but little is known for the isoform ERβ.
27179695	8	84	theme	MDA-MB-231	1649:1658	arg1	cells					1660:1664	the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells	1627:1664	the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells	1627:1664	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	6	85	theme	collagen	1099:1106	arg1	I.					1108:1109	collagen I.	1099:1109	collagen I.	1099:1109	These alterations are followed by reduced levels of the functional cell properties that promote the aggressiveness of these cells, such as proliferation, migration, spreading capacity, invasion and adhesion on collagen I. Notably, the down-regulation of ERβ reduces the migration of breast cancer cells through the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR/IGF-IR and the JAK/STAT signaling pathways.
27179695	3	86	theme	human	463:467	arg1	gene					473:476	the human ERβ gene	459:476	the human ERβ gene	459:476	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
27179695	7	87	theme	tyrosine	1511:1518	arg1	kinases					1520:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	receptor tyrosine kinases	1502:1526	Moreover, ERβ has a crucial role on the gene expression of several matrix mediators, including the proteoglycans syndecans-2/-4 and serglycin, several matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activation system components and receptor tyrosine kinases.
27179695	8	88	theme	ECM	1608:1610	arg1	composition					1612:1622	ECM composition	1608:1622	ECM composition	1608:1622	These data clearly show that ERβ plays a crucial role in the cell behavior and ECM composition of the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and opens a new area of research to further understand its role and to improve pharmaceutical targeting of the non-hormone dependent breast cancer.
27179695	1	89	contain	have	141:144	arg1	receptors					131:139	Estrogen receptors	122:139	Estrogen receptors	122:139	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	1	89	contain	have	141:144	arg2	roles					154:158	pivotal roles	146:158	pivotal roles	146:158	Estrogen receptors have pivotal roles in breast cancer growth and progression.
27179695	3	90	theme	shRNA	494:498	arg1	particles					511:519	specific shRNA lentiviral particles	485:519	specific shRNA lentiviral particles	485:519	To evaluate the role of ERβ, we established stably transfected ERβ-suppressed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by knocking down the human ERβ gene, using specific shRNA lentiviral particles.
28149301	3	0	theme	cell	463:466	arg1	walls					468:472	plant cell walls	457:472	plant cell walls	457:472	Valuable insight has been gained by examining intact components to understand the individual elements that make up plant cell walls.
28149301	13	1	theme	feruoylation	2021:2032	arg1	organization					2005:2016	the organization	2001:2016	the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation	2001:2053	These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.
28149301	10	2	theme	phenolics	1475:1483	arg1	role					1461:1464	The role	1457:1464	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates)	1457:1581	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	13	3	theme	p-coumaroylation	2038:2053	arg1	organization					2005:2016	the organization	2001:2016	the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation	2001:2053	These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.
28149301	7	4	theme	individual	992:1001	arg1	polysaccharides					1018:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides	992:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin	992:1094	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	7	4	theme	individual	992:1001	arg1	arabinoxylans					1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	2	5	theme	components	226:235	arg1	synthesis					196:204	the synthesis	192:204	the synthesis of these major wall components	192:235	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	9	6	theme	matrix	1348:1353	arg1	regions					1333:1339	regions	1333:1339	regions of the matrix	1333:1353	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	12	7	dep	much	1779:1782	arg1	organized					1872:1880	organized	1872:1880	are organized into a functional wall matrix	1868:1910	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	7	dep	much	1779:1782	arg1	much					1779:1782	much	1779:1782	much	1779:1782	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	7	dep	much	1779:1782	arg1	uniqueness					1705:1714	The uniqueness	1701:1714	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies	1701:1763	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	1	8	theme	protein	152:158	arg1	phenolics					113:121	phenolics	113:121	phenolics (monomers and polymers)	113:145	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	8	theme	protein	152:158	arg1	matrices					54:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	8	theme	protein	152:158	arg1	composites					75:84	complex composites	67:84	complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein	67:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	8	theme	protein	152:158	arg1	polysaccharides					96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	8	theme	protein	152:158	arg1	protein					152:158	protein	152:158	protein	152:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	12	9	theme	individual	1846:1855	arg1	components					1857:1866	the distinctive individual components	1830:1866	the distinctive individual components	1830:1866	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	4	10	theme	global	569:574	arg1	agriculture					576:586	global agriculture	569:586	global agriculture	569:586	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	10	11	theme	cell	1488:1491	arg1	formation					1498:1506	cell wall formation	1488:1506	cell wall formation	1488:1506	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	11	12	theme	rich	1688:1691	arg1	lignin					1693:1698	syringyl rich lignin	1679:1698	especially syringyl rich lignin	1668:1698	It is possible that p-coumarates assist in the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin.
28149301	11	12	theme	rich	1688:1691	arg1	lignin					1660:1665	lignin	1660:1665	lignin	1660:1665	It is possible that p-coumarates assist in the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin.
28149301	12	13	theme	wall	1816:1819	arg1	composition					1797:1807	the gross composition	1787:1807	the gross composition of the wall	1787:1819	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	6	14	theme	p-coumarates	862:873	arg1	Incorporation					845:857	Incorporation	845:857	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure	845:905	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls.
28149301	8	15	theme	important	1185:1193	arg1	factors					1195:1201	important factors	1185:1201	important factors	1185:1201	Evidence strongly suggests that ferulates not only cross-link arabinoxylans, but may be important factors in lignification of the cell wall.
28149301	5	16	theme	prominent	753:761	arg1	role					763:766	a prominent role	751:766	a prominent role	751:766	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	1	17	theme	polysaccharides	96:110	arg1	phenolics					113:121	phenolics	113:121	phenolics (monomers and polymers)	113:145	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	17	theme	polysaccharides	96:110	arg1	matrices					54:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	17	theme	polysaccharides	96:110	arg1	composites					75:84	complex composites	67:84	complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein	67:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	17	theme	polysaccharides	96:110	arg1	polysaccharides					96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	17	theme	polysaccharides	96:110	arg1	protein					152:158	protein	152:158	protein	152:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	2	18	theme	wall	221:224	arg1	components					226:235	these major wall components	209:235	these major wall components	209:235	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	2	19	theme	major	215:219	arg1	components					226:235	these major wall components	209:235	these major wall components	209:235	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	5	20	theme	dicot	830:834	arg1	species					836:842	dicot species	830:842	dicot species	830:842	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	12	21	from	composition	1797:1807	arg1	much					1779:1782	much	1779:1782	much	1779:1782	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	21	from	composition	1797:1807	arg1	organized					1872:1880	organized	1872:1880	are organized into a functional wall matrix	1868:1910	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	21	from	composition	1797:1807	arg1	uniqueness					1705:1714	The uniqueness	1701:1714	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies	1701:1763	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	8	22	theme	cell	1227:1230	arg1	wall					1232:1235	the cell wall	1223:1235	the cell wall	1223:1235	Evidence strongly suggests that ferulates not only cross-link arabinoxylans, but may be important factors in lignification of the cell wall.
28149301	9	23	theme	localized	1423:1431	arg1	organization					1443:1454	localized cell wall organization	1423:1454	localized cell wall organization	1423:1454	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	4	24	theme	cell	626:629	arg1	walls					631:635	their cell walls	620:635	their cell walls	620:635	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	13	25	theme	working	1946:1952	arg1	models					1954:1959	working models	1946:1959	working models	1946:1959	These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.
28149301	13	26	theme	wall	2084:2087	arg1	properties					2089:2098	differing cell wall properties	2069:2098	differing cell wall properties	2069:2098	These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.
28149301	5	27	theme	grass	804:808	arg1	biomass					810:816	grass biomass	804:816	grass biomass	804:816	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	6	28	theme	structure	897:905	arg1	part					878:881	part	878:881	part of the lignin structure	878:905	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls.
28149301	7	29	attach	linked	1061:1066	arg2	arabinoxylans					1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	7	29	attach	linked	1061:1066	arg1	other					1076:1080	other	1076:1080	other	1076:1080	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	7	29	attach	linked	1061:1066	arg2	polysaccharides					1018:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides	992:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin	992:1094	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	7	29	attach	linked	1061:1066	arg1	lignin					1089:1094	lignin	1089:1094	lignin	1089:1094	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	11	30	theme	lignin	1660:1665	arg1	formation					1647:1655	the formation	1643:1655	the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin	1643:1698	It is possible that p-coumarates assist in the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin.
28149301	5	31	theme	grass	666:670	arg1	types					702:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	5	31	theme	grass	666:670	arg1	matrices					682:689	grass cell wall matrices	666:689	grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types)	666:707	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	1	32	theme	Cell	44:47	arg1	phenolics					113:121	phenolics	113:121	phenolics (monomers and polymers)	113:145	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	32	theme	Cell	44:47	arg1	matrices					54:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	32	theme	Cell	44:47	arg1	composites					75:84	complex composites	67:84	complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein	67:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	32	theme	Cell	44:47	arg1	polysaccharides					96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	32	theme	Cell	44:47	arg1	protein					152:158	protein	152:158	protein	152:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	33	theme	phenolics	113:121	arg1	phenolics					113:121	phenolics	113:121	phenolics (monomers and polymers)	113:145	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	33	theme	phenolics	113:121	arg1	matrices					54:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	33	theme	phenolics	113:121	arg1	composites					75:84	complex composites	67:84	complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein	67:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	33	theme	phenolics	113:121	arg1	polysaccharides					96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	33	theme	phenolics	113:121	arg1	protein					152:158	protein	152:158	protein	152:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	3	34	theme	intact	388:393	arg1	components					395:404	intact components	388:404	intact components	388:404	Valuable insight has been gained by examining intact components to understand the individual elements that make up plant cell walls.
28149301	5	35	theme	wall	677:680	arg1	types					702:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	5	35	theme	wall	677:680	arg1	matrices					682:689	grass cell wall matrices	666:689	grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types)	666:707	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	9	36	from	distribution	1253:1264	arg1	arabinoxylans					1282:1294	arabinoxylans	1282:1294	arabinoxylans	1282:1294	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	0	37	theme	Grass	0:4	arg1	Walls					11:15	Grass Cell Walls	0:15	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.	0:42	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.
28149301	1	38	theme	complex	67:73	arg1	phenolics					113:121	phenolics	113:121	phenolics (monomers and polymers)	113:145	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	38	theme	complex	67:73	arg1	matrices					54:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	38	theme	complex	67:73	arg1	composites					75:84	complex composites	67:84	complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein	67:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	38	theme	complex	67:73	arg1	polysaccharides					96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	38	theme	complex	67:73	arg1	protein					152:158	protein	152:158	protein	152:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	12	39	theme	dicot	1751:1755	arg1	sepcies					1757:1763	dicot sepcies	1751:1763	dicot sepcies	1751:1763	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	6	40	theme	cell	944:947	arg1	walls					949:953	grass cell walls	938:953	grass cell walls	938:953	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls.
28149301	13	41	theme	cell	2079:2082	arg1	properties					2089:2098	differing cell wall properties	2069:2098	differing cell wall properties	2069:2098	These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.
28149301	10	42	from	role	1461:1464	arg1	formation					1498:1506	cell wall formation	1488:1506	cell wall formation	1488:1506	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	2	43	theme	cell	294:297	arg1	walls					299:303	cell walls	294:303	cell walls	294:303	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	12	44	theme	cell	1729:1732	arg1	wall					1734:1737	the grass cell wall	1719:1737	the grass cell wall	1719:1737	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	45	theme	grass	1723:1727	arg1	wall					1734:1737	the grass cell wall	1719:1737	the grass cell wall	1719:1737	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	7	46	with	wall	982:985	arg1	polysaccharides					1018:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides	992:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin	992:1094	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	7	46	with	wall	982:985	arg1	arabinoxylans					1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	0	47	dep	Walls	11:15	arg1	Story					20:24	A Story	18:24	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.	0:42	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.
28149301	2	48	contain	have	261:264	arg1	We					161:162	We	161:162	We	161:162	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	2	48	contain	have	261:264	arg2	understanding					273:285	a poor understanding	266:285	a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices	266:339	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	3	49	theme	plant	457:461	arg1	walls					468:472	plant cell walls	457:472	plant cell walls	457:472	Valuable insight has been gained by examining intact components to understand the individual elements that make up plant cell walls.
28149301	12	50	theme	wall	1900:1903	arg1	matrix					1905:1910	a functional wall matrix	1887:1910	a functional wall matrix	1887:1910	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	10	51	contain	have	1540:1543	arg1	p-coumarates					1516:1527	p-coumarates	1516:1527	p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates)	1516:1581	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	10	51	contain	have	1540:1543	arg2	concentrations					1545:1558	concentrations	1545:1558	concentrations higher than ferulates	1545:1580	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	7	52	theme	hemicellulosic	1003:1016	arg1	polysaccharides					1018:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides	992:1032	individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin	992:1094	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	7	52	theme	hemicellulosic	1003:1016	arg1	arabinoxylans					1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	arabinoxylans	1035:1047	Feruoylation results in a wall with individual hemicellulosic polysaccharides (arabinoxylans) covalently linked to each other and to lignin.
28149301	10	53	theme	other	1469:1473	arg1	phenolics					1475:1483	other phenolics	1469:1483	other phenolics	1469:1483	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	2	54	theme	poor	268:271	arg1	understanding					273:285	a poor understanding	266:285	a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices	266:339	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	10	55	theme	wall	1493:1496	arg1	formation					1498:1506	cell wall formation	1488:1506	cell wall formation	1488:1506	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	12	56	theme	distinctive	1834:1844	arg1	components					1857:1866	the distinctive individual components	1830:1866	the distinctive individual components	1830:1866	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	9	57	theme	wall	1438:1441	arg1	organization					1443:1454	localized cell wall organization	1423:1454	localized cell wall organization	1423:1454	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	5	58	theme	Ferulate	638:645	arg1	incorporation					647:659	Ferulate incorporation	638:659	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types)	638:707	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	9	59	theme	lignin	1381:1386	arg1	incorporation					1364:1376	the incorporation	1360:1376	the incorporation of lignin	1360:1386	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	12	60	from	much	1779:1782	arg1	composition					1797:1807	the gross composition	1787:1807	the gross composition of the wall	1787:1819	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	5	61	theme	biomass	810:816	arg1	utilization					789:799	utilization	789:799	utilization	789:799	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	5	61	theme	biomass	810:816	arg1	structure					775:783	structure	775:783	structure	775:783	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	4	62	theme	walls	631:635	arg1	complexity					606:615	the complexity	602:615	the complexity of their cell walls	602:635	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	5	63	link	cross-linked	720:731	arg1	matrix					733:738	a cross-linked matrix	718:738	a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass	718:816	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	9	64	theme	significant	1399:1409	arg1	impact					1411:1416	a significant impact	1397:1416	a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization	1397:1454	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	4	65	from	roles	560:564	arg1	agriculture					576:586	global agriculture	569:586	global agriculture	569:586	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	5	66	theme	C3	692:693	arg1	types					702:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	5	66	theme	C3	692:693	arg1	matrices					682:689	grass cell wall matrices	666:689	grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types)	666:707	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	12	67	theme	gross	1791:1795	arg1	composition					1797:1807	the gross composition	1787:1807	the gross composition of the wall	1787:1819	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	9	68	theme	cell	1433:1436	arg1	organization					1443:1454	localized cell wall organization	1423:1454	localized cell wall organization	1423:1454	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	8	69	theme	wall	1232:1235	arg1	lignification					1206:1218	lignification	1206:1218	lignification of the cell wall	1206:1235	Evidence strongly suggests that ferulates not only cross-link arabinoxylans, but may be important factors in lignification of the cell wall.
28149301	11	70	theme	syringyl	1679:1686	arg1	lignin					1693:1698	syringyl rich lignin	1679:1698	especially syringyl rich lignin	1668:1698	It is possible that p-coumarates assist in the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin.
28149301	11	70	theme	syringyl	1679:1686	arg1	lignin					1660:1665	lignin	1660:1665	lignin	1660:1665	It is possible that p-coumarates assist in the formation of lignin, especially syringyl rich lignin.
28149301	6	71	theme	lignin	890:895	arg1	structure					897:905	the lignin structure	886:905	the lignin structure	886:905	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls.
28149301	1	72	dep	phenolics	113:121	arg1	monomers					124:131	monomers	124:131	monomers	124:131	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	72	dep	phenolics	113:121	arg1	polymers					137:144	polymers	137:144	polymers	137:144	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	5	73	theme	cell	672:675	arg1	types					702:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	5	73	theme	cell	672:675	arg1	matrices					682:689	grass cell wall matrices	666:689	grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types)	666:707	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	8	74	from	factors	1195:1201	arg1	lignification					1206:1218	lignification	1206:1218	lignification of the cell wall	1206:1235	Evidence strongly suggests that ferulates not only cross-link arabinoxylans, but may be important factors in lignification of the cell wall.
28149301	1	75	theme	wall	49:52	arg1	phenolics					113:121	phenolics	113:121	phenolics (monomers and polymers)	113:145	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	75	theme	wall	49:52	arg1	matrices					54:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices	44:61	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	75	theme	wall	49:52	arg1	composites					75:84	complex composites	67:84	complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein	67:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	75	theme	wall	49:52	arg1	polysaccharides					96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	polysaccharides	96:110	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	1	75	theme	wall	49:52	arg1	protein					152:158	protein	152:158	protein	152:158	Cell wall matrices are complex composites mainly of polysaccharides, phenolics (monomers and polymers), and protein.
28149301	0	76	theme	Cell	6:9	arg1	Walls					11:15	Grass Cell Walls	0:15	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.	0:42	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.
28149301	3	77	theme	Valuable	342:349	arg1	insight					351:357	Valuable insight	342:357	Valuable insight	342:357	Valuable insight has been gained by examining intact components to understand the individual elements that make up plant cell walls.
28149301	2	78	theme	complex	324:330	arg1	matrices					332:339	complex matrices	324:339	complex matrices	324:339	We are beginning to understand the synthesis of these major wall components individually, but still have a poor understanding of how cell walls are assembled into complex matrices.
28149301	5	79	theme	cross-linked	720:731	arg1	matrix					733:738	a cross-linked matrix	718:738	a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass	718:816	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	6	80	theme	walls	949:953	arg1	complexity					924:933	the complexity	920:933	the complexity of grass cell walls	920:953	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls.
28149301	4	81	theme	plant	516:520	arg1	kingdom					522:528	the plant kingdom	512:528	the plant kingdom	512:528	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	8	82	dep	ferulates	1129:1137	arg1	only					1143:1146	only	1143:1146	only	1143:1146	Evidence strongly suggests that ferulates not only cross-link arabinoxylans, but may be important factors in lignification of the cell wall.
28149301	3	83	theme	individual	424:433	arg1	elements					435:442	the individual elements	420:442	the individual elements that make up plant cell walls	420:472	Valuable insight has been gained by examining intact components to understand the individual elements that make up plant cell walls.
28149301	5	84	theme	C4	699:700	arg1	types					702:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	C3 and C4 types	692:706	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	5	84	theme	C4	699:700	arg1	matrices					682:689	grass cell wall matrices	666:689	grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types)	666:707	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	6	85	theme	grass	938:942	arg1	walls					949:953	grass cell walls	938:953	grass cell walls	938:953	Incorporation of p-coumarates as part of the lignin structure also adds to the complexity of grass cell walls.
28149301	10	86	theme	higher	1560:1565	arg1	concentrations					1545:1558	concentrations	1545:1558	concentrations higher than ferulates	1545:1580	The role of other phenolics in cell wall formation such as p-coumarates (which can have concentrations higher than ferulates) remains unknown.
28149301	9	87	contain	have	1392:1395	arg1	distribution					1253:1264	the distribution	1249:1264	the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans	1249:1294	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	9	87	contain	have	1392:1395	arg2	impact					1411:1416	a significant impact	1397:1416	a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization	1397:1454	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	5	88	dep	structure	775:783	arg1	the					771:773	the	771:773	the	771:773	Ferulate incorporation into grass cell wall matrices (C3 and C4 types) leads to a cross-linked matrix that plays a prominent role in the structure and utilization of grass biomass compared to dicot species.
28149301	0	89	theme	Cross-Linking	29:41	arg1	Story					20:24	A Story	18:24	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.	0:42	Grass Cell Walls: A Story of Cross-Linking.
28149301	9	90	theme	ferulates	1269:1277	arg1	distribution					1253:1264	the distribution	1249:1264	the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans	1249:1294	Therefore, the distribution of ferulates on arabinoxylans could provide a means of structuring regions of the matrix with the incorporation of lignin and have a significant impact upon localized cell wall organization.
28149301	12	91	theme	wall	1734:1737	arg1	much					1779:1782	much	1779:1782	much	1779:1782	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	91	theme	wall	1734:1737	arg1	organized					1872:1880	organized	1872:1880	are organized into a functional wall matrix	1868:1910	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	12	91	theme	wall	1734:1737	arg1	uniqueness					1705:1714	The uniqueness	1701:1714	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies	1701:1763	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	4	92	theme	prominent	489:497	arg1	Grasses					475:481	Grasses	475:481	Grasses	475:481	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	4	92	theme	prominent	489:497	arg1	group					499:503	a prominent group	487:503	a prominent group	487:503	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	12	93	theme	functional	1889:1898	arg1	matrix					1905:1910	a functional wall matrix	1887:1910	a functional wall matrix	1887:1910	The uniqueness of the grass cell wall compared to dicot sepcies may not be so much in the gross composition of the wall, but how the distinctive individual components are organized into a functional wall matrix.
28149301	4	94	theme	important	550:558	arg1	roles					560:564	their important roles	544:564	their important roles in global agriculture	544:586	Grasses are a prominent group within the plant kingdom, not only for their important roles in global agriculture, but also for the complexity of their cell walls.
28149301	13	95	theme	differing	2069:2077	arg1	properties					2089:2098	differing cell wall properties	2069:2098	differing cell wall properties	2069:2098	These features are discussed and working models are provided to illustrate how changing the organization of feruoylation and p-coumaroylation could lead to differing cell wall properties.
25629352	3	0	theme	wall	524:527	arg1	degradation					529:539	cell wall degradation	519:539	cell wall degradation connected to autolysis	519:562	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	9	1	theme	FlbA	1609:1612	arg1	independent					1594:1604	independent	1594:1604	independent	1594:1604	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	10	2	theme	increased	1767:1775	arg1	content					1784:1790	an increased chitin content	1764:1790	an increased chitin content of the cell wall	1764:1807	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	9	3	theme	vegetative	1692:1701	arg1	growth					1703:1708	vegetative growth	1692:1708	vegetative growth	1692:1708	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	10	4	theme	cell	1925:1928	arg1	wall					1930:1933	the cell wall	1921:1933	the cell wall of strain ΔflbA	1921:1949	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	1	5	theme	filamentous	171:181	arg1	niger					202:206	The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger	167:206	The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger	167:206	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	11	6	theme	cell	2134:2137	arg1	modification					2144:2155	sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2113:2155	sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2113:2155	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	1	7	theme	Aspergillus	190:200	arg1	niger					202:206	The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger	167:206	The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger	167:206	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	8	8	theme	genes	1376:1380	arg1	Eighteen					1359:1366	Eighteen	1359:1366	Eighteen	1359:1366	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	8	8	theme	genes	1376:1380	arg1	genes					1376:1380	such genes	1371:1380	such genes	1371:1380	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	10	9	theme	ΔflbA	1945:1949	arg1	wall					1930:1933	the cell wall	1921:1933	the cell wall of strain ΔflbA	1921:1949	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	4	10	dep	mutants	610:616	arg1	ΔflbA					619:623	ΔflbA	619:623	ΔflbA	619:623	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	4	10	dep	mutants	610:616	arg1	mutants					610:616	developmental mutants	596:616	developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation	596:789	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	4	10	dep	mutants	610:616	arg1	ΔbrlA					629:633	ΔbrlA	629:633	ΔbrlA	629:633	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	10	11	theme	reduced	1734:1740	arg1	rate					1758:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	11	12	dep	CONCLUSION	1963:1972	arg1	resulted					2035:2042	resulted	2035:2042	resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development	2035:2242	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	10	13	contain	had	1728:1730	arg2	rate					1758:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	13	contain	had	1728:1730	arg2	expression					1822:1831	specific expression	1813:1831	specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress	1813:1889	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	13	contain	had	1728:1730	arg1	strain					1721:1726	The ΔflbA strain	1711:1726	The ΔflbA strain	1711:1726	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	13	contain	had	1728:1730	arg2	content					1784:1790	an increased chitin content	1764:1790	an increased chitin content of the cell wall	1764:1807	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	14	theme	specific	1813:1820	arg1	expression					1822:1831	specific expression	1813:1831	specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress	1813:1889	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	5	15	theme	fungal	862:867	arg1	wall					874:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	10	16	theme	wall	1804:1807	arg1	expression					1822:1831	specific expression	1813:1831	specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress	1813:1889	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	16	theme	wall	1804:1807	arg1	content					1784:1790	an increased chitin content	1764:1790	an increased chitin content of the cell wall	1764:1807	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	16	theme	wall	1804:1807	arg1	rate					1758:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	5	17	theme	strain	916:921	arg1	wall					874:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	17	theme	strain	916:921	arg1	activities					843:852	enzyme activities	836:852	enzyme activities	836:852	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	17	theme	strain	916:921	arg1	transcriptomes					809:822	transcriptomes	809:822	transcriptomes	809:822	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	17	theme	strain	916:921	arg1	proteomes					825:833	proteomes	825:833	proteomes	825:833	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	11	18	theme	enzymes	2069:2075	arg1	identification					2051:2064	the identification	2047:2064	the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development	2047:2242	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	8	19	theme	carbohydrate-active	1505:1523	arg1	family					1532:1537	the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1481:1542	the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1481:1542	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	4	20	used	used	591:594	arg2	we					588:589	we	588:589	we	588:589	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	11	21	theme	developmental	1997:2009	arg1	mutants					2011:2017	the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA	1993:2033	the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA	1993:2033	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	11	21	theme	developmental	1997:2009	arg1	ΔbrlA					2029:2033	ΔbrlA	2029:2033	ΔbrlA	2029:2033	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	11	21	theme	developmental	1997:2009	arg1	ΔflbA					2019:2023	ΔflbA	2019:2023	ΔflbA	2019:2023	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	11	22	dep	mutants	2011:2017	arg1	mutants					2011:2017	the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA	1993:2033	the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA	1993:2033	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	11	22	dep	mutants	2011:2017	arg1	ΔbrlA					2029:2033	ΔbrlA	2029:2033	ΔbrlA	2029:2033	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	11	22	dep	mutants	2011:2017	arg1	ΔflbA					2019:2023	ΔflbA	2019:2023	ΔflbA	2019:2023	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	8	23	theme	family	1532:1537	arg1	An15g02350					1459:1468	An15g02350	1459:1468	An15g02350	1459:1468	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	8	23	theme	family	1532:1537	arg1	member					1471:1476	member	1471:1476	member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1471:1542	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	6	24	theme	cell	1210:1213	arg1	recycling					1220:1228	cell wall recycling	1210:1228	cell wall recycling	1210:1228	Seven genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, including cfcA, were expressed during starvation in all strains; they may encode enzymes involved in cell wall recycling.
25629352	0	25	theme	hydrolases	57:66	arg1	functions					34:42	the functions	30:42	the functions of glycoside hydrolases	30:66	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	4	26	dep	RESULTS	565:571	arg1	used					591:594	used	591:594	used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation	591:789	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	9	27	theme	genes	1567:1571	arg1	genes					1567:1571	the eighteen genes	1554:1571	the eighteen genes	1554:1571	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	9	27	theme	genes	1567:1571	arg1	Eight					1545:1549	Eight	1545:1549	Eight	1545:1549	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	0	28	dep	mutants	131:137	arg1	mutants					131:137	developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA	117:153	developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA	117:153	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	0	28	dep	mutants	131:137	arg1	∆flbA					149:153	∆flbA	149:153	∆flbA	149:153	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	0	28	dep	mutants	131:137	arg1	∆brlA					139:143	∆brlA	139:143	∆brlA	139:143	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	5	29	theme	A.	907:908	arg1	strain					916:921	a wild type A. niger strain	895:921	a wild type A. niger strain	895:921	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	4	30	theme	carbon	773:778	arg1	starvation					780:789	carbon starvation	773:789	carbon starvation	773:789	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	11	31	theme	mutants	2011:2017	arg1	combination					1978:1988	The combination	1974:1988	The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA	1974:2033	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	8	32	theme	such	1371:1374	arg1	genes					1376:1380	such genes	1371:1380	such genes	1371:1380	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	0	33	theme	Aspergillus	93:103	arg1	niger					105:109	Aspergillus niger	93:109	Aspergillus niger	93:109	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	3	34	from	role	418:421	arg1	processes					432:440	these processes	426:440	these processes	426:440	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	5	35	theme	global	983:988	arg1	overview					990:997	a global overview	981:997	a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes	981:1044	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	4	36	theme	bioreactor-controlled	721:741	arg1	cultivations					753:764	bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations	721:764	bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation	721:789	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	0	37	theme	Systems	0:6	arg1	approaches					8:17	Systems approaches	0:17	Systems approaches	0:17	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	5	38	theme	mutants	947:953	arg1	wall					874:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	38	theme	mutants	947:953	arg1	activities					843:852	enzyme activities	836:852	enzyme activities	836:852	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	38	theme	mutants	947:953	arg1	transcriptomes					809:822	transcriptomes	809:822	transcriptomes	809:822	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	38	theme	mutants	947:953	arg1	proteomes					825:833	proteomes	825:833	proteomes	825:833	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	3	39	theme	spore	486:490	arg1	biogenesis					502:511	spore cell wall biogenesis	486:511	spore cell wall biogenesis	486:511	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	5	40	theme	enzyme	836:841	arg1	activities					843:852	enzyme activities	836:852	enzyme activities	836:852	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	41	theme	carbon	962:967	arg1	starvation					969:978	carbon starvation	962:978	carbon starvation	962:978	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	11	42	theme	remodeling	2203:2212	arg1	mechanisms					2214:2223	cell wall remodeling mechanisms	2193:2223	cell wall remodeling mechanisms	2193:2223	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	8	43	theme	characterized	1409:1421	arg1	chitinases					1444:1453	characterized sporulation-specific chitinases	1409:1453	characterized sporulation-specific chitinases	1409:1453	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	5	44	theme	carbohydrate-active	1018:1036	arg1	enzymes					1038:1044	carbohydrate-active enzymes	1018:1044	carbohydrate-active enzymes	1018:1044	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	7	45	theme	developmental	1298:1310	arg1	mutants					1312:1318	the developmental mutants	1294:1318	the developmental mutants	1294:1318	Genes expressed in the wild-type during starvation, but not in the developmental mutants are likely involved in conidiogenesis.
25629352	11	46	theme	cell	2193:2196	arg1	mechanisms					2214:2223	cell wall remodeling mechanisms	2193:2223	cell wall remodeling mechanisms	2193:2223	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	9	47	theme	vegetative	1626:1635	arg1	mycelium					1637:1644	vegetative mycelium	1626:1644	vegetative mycelium	1626:1644	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	3	48	theme	wall	497:500	arg1	biogenesis					502:511	spore cell wall biogenesis	486:511	spore cell wall biogenesis	486:511	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	5	49	theme	wild	897:900	arg1	strain					916:921	a wild type A. niger strain	895:921	a wild type A. niger strain	895:921	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	10	50	theme	cell	1874:1877	arg1	stress					1884:1889	cell wall stress	1874:1889	cell wall stress	1874:1889	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	5	51	theme	function	1006:1013	arg1	overview					990:997	a global overview	981:997	a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes	981:1044	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	3	52	theme	cell	519:522	arg1	degradation					529:539	cell wall degradation	519:539	cell wall degradation connected to autolysis	519:562	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	11	53	theme	sporulation-specific	2113:2132	arg1	modification					2144:2155	sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2113:2155	sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2113:2155	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	10	54	theme	chitin	1777:1782	arg1	content					1784:1790	an increased chitin content	1764:1790	an increased chitin content of the cell wall	1764:1807	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	1	55	theme	industrial	265:274	arg1	fermentations					276:288	industrial fermentations	265:288	industrial fermentations	265:288	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	4	56	theme	developmental	596:608	arg1	ΔflbA					619:623	ΔflbA	619:623	ΔflbA	619:623	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	4	56	theme	developmental	596:608	arg1	mutants					610:616	developmental mutants	596:616	developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation	596:789	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	4	56	theme	developmental	596:608	arg1	ΔbrlA					629:633	ΔbrlA	629:633	ΔbrlA	629:633	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	10	57	theme	wall	1930:1933	arg1	integrity					1908:1916	integrity	1908:1916	integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA	1908:1949	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	5	58	theme	cell	869:872	arg1	wall					874:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	the fungal cell wall	858:877	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	59	dep	transcriptomes	809:822	arg1	the					805:807	the	805:807	the	805:807	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	59	dep	transcriptomes	809:822	arg1	compositions					879:890	compositions	879:890	compositions	879:890	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	11	60	dep	wall	2094:2097	arg1	recycling					2099:2107	recycling	2099:2107	recycling	2099:2107	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	10	61	theme	cell	1799:1802	arg1	wall					1804:1807	the cell wall	1795:1807	the cell wall	1795:1807	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	11	62	theme	wall	2139:2142	arg1	modification					2144:2155	sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2113:2155	sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2113:2155	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	4	63	theme	aconidial	666:674	arg1	phenotype					676:684	an aconidial phenotype	663:684	an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate	663:706	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	0	64	theme	developmental	117:129	arg1	mutants					131:137	developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA	117:153	developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA	117:153	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	0	64	theme	developmental	117:129	arg1	∆flbA					149:153	∆flbA	149:153	∆flbA	149:153	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	0	64	theme	developmental	117:129	arg1	∆brlA					139:143	∆brlA	139:143	∆brlA	139:143	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	1	65	dep	filamentous	171:181	arg1	fungus					183:188	fungus	183:188	fungus	183:188	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	10	66	theme	strain	1938:1943	arg1	ΔflbA					1945:1949	strain ΔflbA	1938:1949	strain ΔflbA	1938:1949	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	1	67	theme	carbon	219:224	arg1	starvation					226:235	carbon starvation	219:235	carbon starvation in nature	219:245	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	8	68	theme	identified	1494:1503	arg1	family					1532:1537	the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1481:1542	the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1481:1542	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	1	69	from	starvation	226:235	arg1	nature					240:245	nature	240:245	nature	240:245	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	11	70	theme	cell	2089:2092	arg1	wall					2094:2097	cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification	2089:2155	wall	2094:2097	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	8	71	theme	enzyme	1525:1530	arg1	family					1532:1537	the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1481:1542	the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11	1481:1542	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	6	72	theme	wall	1215:1218	arg1	recycling					1220:1228	cell wall recycling	1210:1228	cell wall recycling	1210:1228	Seven genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, including cfcA, were expressed during starvation in all strains; they may encode enzymes involved in cell wall recycling.
25629352	10	73	theme	genes	1836:1840	arg1	expression					1822:1831	specific expression	1813:1831	specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress	1813:1889	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	73	theme	genes	1836:1840	arg1	content					1784:1790	an increased chitin content	1764:1790	an increased chitin content of the cell wall	1764:1807	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	73	theme	genes	1836:1840	arg1	rate					1758:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	0	74	theme	life	79:82	arg1	cycle					84:88	the life cycle	75:88	the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA	75:153	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	5	75	theme	type	902:905	arg1	strain					916:921	a wild type A. niger strain	895:921	a wild type A. niger strain	895:921	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	2	76	theme	regulatory	304:313	arg1	networks					315:322	regulatory networks	304:322	regulatory networks	304:322	In response, regulatory networks initiate and control autolysis and sporulation.
25629352	0	77	theme	niger	105:109	arg1	cycle					84:88	the life cycle	75:88	the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA	75:153	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	3	78	theme	Carbohydrate-active	372:390	arg1	enzymes					392:398	Carbohydrate-active enzymes	372:398	Carbohydrate-active enzymes	372:398	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	3	79	theme	cell	468:471	arg1	walls					473:477	cell walls	468:477	cell walls	468:477	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	5	80	theme	developmental	933:945	arg1	mutants					947:953	these developmental mutants	927:953	these developmental mutants	927:953	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	6	81	theme	carbohydrate-active	1080:1098	arg1	enzymes					1100:1106	carbohydrate-active enzymes	1080:1106	carbohydrate-active enzymes	1080:1106	Seven genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, including cfcA, were expressed during starvation in all strains; they may encode enzymes involved in cell wall recycling.
25629352	1	82	dep	BACKGROUND	156:165	arg1	encounters					208:217	encounters	208:217	encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations	208:288	BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger encounters carbon starvation in nature as well as during industrial fermentations.
25629352	9	83	contain	have	1673:1676	arg1	they					1663:1666	they	1663:1666	they	1663:1666	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	9	83	contain	have	1673:1676	arg2	role					1680:1683	a role	1678:1683	a role	1678:1683	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	9	84	theme	BrlA	1617:1620	arg1	independent					1594:1604	independent	1594:1604	independent	1594:1604	Eight of the eighteen genes were also expressed, independent of FlbA or BrlA, in vegetative mycelium, indicating that they also have a role during vegetative growth.
25629352	3	85	theme	important	408:416	arg1	role					418:421	an important role	405:421	an important role	405:421	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	4	86	theme	submerged	743:751	arg1	cultivations					753:764	bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations	721:764	bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation	721:789	RESULTS In this study, we used developmental mutants (ΔflbA and ΔbrlA) which are characterized by an aconidial phenotype when grown on a plate, but also in bioreactor-controlled submerged cultivations during carbon starvation.
25629352	3	87	theme	cell	492:495	arg1	biogenesis					502:511	spore cell wall biogenesis	486:511	spore cell wall biogenesis	486:511	Carbohydrate-active enzymes play an important role in these processes, for example by modifying cell walls during spore cell wall biogenesis or in cell wall degradation connected to autolysis.
25629352	0	88	theme	glycoside	47:55	arg1	hydrolases					57:66	glycoside hydrolases	47:66	glycoside hydrolases	47:66	Systems approaches to predict the functions of glycoside hydrolases during the life cycle of Aspergillus niger using developmental mutants ∆brlA and ∆flbA.
25629352	5	89	theme	enzymes	1038:1044	arg1	function					1006:1013	the function	1002:1013	the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes	1002:1044	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	5	90	dep	A.	907:908	arg1	niger					910:914	niger	910:914	niger	910:914	By comparing the transcriptomes, proteomes, enzyme activities and the fungal cell wall compositions of a wild type A. niger strain and these developmental mutants during carbon starvation, a global overview of the function of carbohydrate-active enzymes is provided.
25629352	11	91	theme	wall	2198:2201	arg1	mechanisms					2214:2223	cell wall remodeling mechanisms	2193:2223	cell wall remodeling mechanisms	2193:2223	CONCLUSION The combination of the developmental mutants ΔflbA and ΔbrlA resulted in the identification of enzymes involved in cell wall recycling and sporulation-specific cell wall modification, which contributes to understanding cell wall remodeling mechanisms during development.
25629352	8	92	theme	sporulation-specific	1423:1442	arg1	chitinases					1444:1453	characterized sporulation-specific chitinases	1409:1453	characterized sporulation-specific chitinases	1409:1453	Eighteen of such genes were identified, including characterized sporulation-specific chitinases and An15g02350, member of the recently identified carbohydrate-active enzyme family AA11.
25629352	10	93	theme	wall	1879:1882	arg1	stress					1884:1889	cell wall stress	1874:1889	cell wall stress	1874:1889	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	94	theme	ΔflbA	1715:1719	arg1	strain					1721:1726	The ΔflbA strain	1711:1726	The ΔflbA strain	1711:1726	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	95	theme	specific	1742:1749	arg1	rate					1758:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
25629352	10	96	theme	growth	1751:1756	arg1	rate					1758:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	a reduced specific growth rate	1732:1761	The ΔflbA strain had a reduced specific growth rate, an increased chitin content of the cell wall and specific expression of genes that are induced in response to cell wall stress, indicating that integrity of the cell wall of strain ΔflbA is reduced.
29290427	6	0	dep	R-package	1075:1083	arg1	https					1086:1090	https	1086:1090	https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/	1086:1129	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	7	1	theme	predictions	1342:1352	arg1	sensitivities					1296:1308	sensitivities	1296:1308	sensitivities	1296:1308	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	7	1	theme	predictions	1342:1352	arg1	specificities					1314:1326	specificities	1314:1326	specificities	1314:1326	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	2	2	theme	subsequent	480:489	arg1	inseminations					491:503	no other subsequent inseminations	471:503	no other subsequent inseminations	471:503	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	1	3	dep	Fourier	306:312	arg1	transform					314:322	transform	314:322	transform infrared (FTIR)	314:338	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	9	4	with	breeds	1506:1511	arg1	differences					1524:1534	small differences	1518:1534	small differences in prediction accuracy	1518:1557	We observed similar patterns across breeds with small differences in prediction accuracy.
29290427	6	5	dep	https	1086:1090	arg1	//r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/					1092:1129	//r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/	1092:1129	//r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/	1092:1129	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	6	6	theme	variable	1035:1042	arg1	model					1054:1058	a Bayesian variable selection model	1024:1058	a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/)	1024:1130	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	12	7	theme	pregnancy	2240:2248	arg1	screening					2250:2258	pregnancy screening	2240:2258	pregnancy screening of dairy cows	2240:2272	In conclusion, this research provides new insight into alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows.
29290427	3	8	theme	FTIR	601:604	arg1	data					620:623	FTIR full-spectrum data	601:623	FTIR full-spectrum data	601:623	Milk samples were analyzed for components and FTIR full-spectrum data using a MilkoScan FT+ 6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark).
29290427	6	9	theme	wavelengths	996:1006	arg1	function					980:987	a simultaneous function	965:987	a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn)	965:1017	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	12	10	theme	new	2196:2198	arg1	insight					2200:2206	new insight	2196:2206	new insight into alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows	2196:2272	In conclusion, this research provides new insight into alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows.
29290427	6	11	theme	BGLR	1070:1073	arg1	R-package					1075:1083	the BGLR R-package	1066:1083	the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/)	1066:1130	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	1	12	theme	spectral	340:347	arg1	data					349:352	spectral data	340:352	spectral data	340:352	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	11	13	theme	important	1814:1822	arg1	peaks					1824:1828	important peaks	1814:1828	important peaks	1814:1828	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	9	14	theme	prediction	1539:1548	arg1	accuracy					1550:1557	prediction accuracy	1539:1557	prediction accuracy	1539:1557	We observed similar patterns across breeds with small differences in prediction accuracy.
29290427	7	15	theme	10-fold	1242:1248	arg1	assessment					1276:1285	a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment	1240:1285	a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions	1240:1352	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	11	16	theme	wn	2011:2012	arg1	cm-1					2020:2023	wn 1,468 cm-1	2011:2023	wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat	2011:2052	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	11	17	theme	2,973	1850:1854	arg1	cm-1					1865:1868	wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1	1847:1868	wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered	1847:2155	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	11	18	theme	wn	2108:2109	arg1	1,025					2111:2115	wn 1,025	2108:2115	wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered	2108:2155	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	6	19	theme	Bayesian	1026:1033	arg1	model					1054:1058	a Bayesian variable selection model	1024:1058	a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/)	1024:1130	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	6	20	theme	simultaneous	967:978	arg1	function					980:987	a simultaneous function	965:987	a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn)	965:1017	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	11	21	located	detected	1835:1842	arg1	cm-1					1865:1868	wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1	1847:1868	wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered	1847:2155	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	11	21	located	detected	1835:1842	arg2	peaks					1824:1828	important peaks	1814:1828	important peaks	1814:1828	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	10	22	dep	Swiss	1651:1655	arg1	cows					1671:1674	cows	1671:1674	cows	1671:1674	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	11	23	theme	C-H	1883:1885	arg1	Fat-B					1876:1880	Fat-B	1876:1880	Fat-B (C-H stretch)	1876:1894	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	11	23	theme	C-H	1883:1885	arg1	stretch					1887:1893	C-H stretch	1883:1893	C-H stretch	1883:1893	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	7	24	theme	operating	1200:1208	arg1	curve					1225:1229	a receiver operating characteristic curve	1189:1229	a receiver operating characteristic curve	1189:1229	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	5	25	theme	FTIR	870:873	arg1	bands					884:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	26	theme	Pregnancy	756:764	arg1	status					766:771	Pregnancy status	756:771	Pregnancy status	756:771	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	1	27	theme	Fourier	306:312	arg1	ability					239:245	the ability	235:245	the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy	235:374	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	28	dep	infrared	324:331	arg1	FTIR					334:337	FTIR	334:337	FTIR	334:337	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	4	29	dep	925	746:748	arg1	to					743:744	to	743:744	to	743:744	The spectrum covered 1,060 wavenumbers (wn) from 5,010 to 925 cm-1.
29290427	0	30	theme	dairy	75:79	arg1	cows					81:84	dairy cows	75:84	dairy cows	75:84	Diagnosing pregnancy status using infrared spectra and milk composition in dairy cows.
29290427	1	31	theme	components	255:264	arg1	ability					239:245	the ability	235:245	the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy	235:374	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	2	32	theme	breeding	524:531	arg1	d					515:515	90 d	512:515	90 d of the breeding of specific interest	512:552	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	3	33	dep	FT+	643:645	arg1	Denmark					678:684	Denmark	678:684	Denmark	678:684	Milk samples were analyzed for components and FTIR full-spectrum data using a MilkoScan FT+ 6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark).
29290427	3	33	dep	FT+	643:645	arg1	Foss					653:656	Foss	653:656	Foss	653:656	Milk samples were analyzed for components and FTIR full-spectrum data using a MilkoScan FT+ 6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark).
29290427	8	34	theme	best	1368:1371	arg1	accuracies					1384:1393	the best prediction accuracies	1364:1393	the best prediction accuracies	1364:1393	Overall, the best prediction accuracies were obtained for the model that included the complete FTIR spectral data.
29290427	11	35	theme	1,013	2120:2124	arg1	cm-1					2126:2129	1,013 cm-1	2120:2129	1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered	2120:2155	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	2	36	theme	specific	536:543	arg1	interest					545:552	specific interest	536:552	specific interest	536:552	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	5	37	theme	linear	805:810	arg1	predictors					908:917	predictors	908:917	predictors	908:917	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	37	theme	linear	805:810	arg1	wavelengths					893:903	wavelengths	893:903	wavelengths	893:903	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	37	theme	linear	805:810	arg1	models					812:817	generalized linear models	793:817	generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands	793:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	0	38	theme	infrared	34:41	arg1	spectra					43:49	infrared spectra	34:49	infrared spectra	34:49	Diagnosing pregnancy status using infrared spectra and milk composition in dairy cows.
29290427	10	39	theme	similar	1680:1686	arg1	performance					1688:1698	similar performance	1680:1698	similar performance	1680:1698	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	10	40	theme	CV-AUC	1572:1577	arg1	value					1579:1583	The highest CV-AUC value	1560:1583	The highest CV-AUC value	1560:1583	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	5	41	theme	individual	859:868	arg1	bands					884:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	12	42	theme	dairy	2263:2267	arg1	cows					2269:2272	dairy cows	2263:2272	dairy cows	2263:2272	In conclusion, this research provides new insight into alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows.
29290427	3	43	theme	Milk	555:558	arg1	samples					560:566	Milk samples	555:566	Milk samples	555:566	Milk samples were analyzed for components and FTIR full-spectrum data using a MilkoScan FT+ 6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark).
29290427	10	44	theme	Alpine	1602:1607	arg1	cows					1614:1617	Alpine Grey cows	1602:1617	Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645)	1602:1634	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	10	44	theme	Alpine	1602:1607	arg1	CV-AUC					1620:1625	CV-AUC = 0.645	1620:1633	CV-AUC = 0.645	1620:1633	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	6	45	theme	generalized	937:947	arg1	model					956:960	a generalized linear model	935:960	a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn)	935:1017	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	8	46	theme	FTIR	1450:1453	arg1	data					1464:1467	the complete FTIR spectral data	1437:1467	the complete FTIR spectral data	1437:1467	Overall, the best prediction accuracies were obtained for the model that included the complete FTIR spectral data.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	Simmental					136:144	Simmental	136:144	Simmental	136:144	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	Alpine					160:165	Alpine	160:165	Alpine	160:165	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	Holstein					95:102	Holstein	95:102	Holstein	95:102	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	Swiss					120:124	Swiss	120:124	Swiss	120:124	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	25,845					147:152	25,845	147:152	25,845	147:152	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	31,441					127:132	31,441	127:132	31,441	127:132	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	47	from	Data	87:90	arg1	16,890					105:110	16,890	105:110	16,890	105:110	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	7	48	theme	phenotypic	1331:1340	arg1	predictions					1342:1352	phenotypic predictions	1331:1352	phenotypic predictions	1331:1352	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	11	49	dep	cm-1	1865:1868	arg1	to					1856:1857	to	1856:1857	to	1856:1857	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	2	50	theme	other	474:478	arg1	inseminations					491:503	no other subsequent inseminations	471:503	no other subsequent inseminations	471:503	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	16,890					105:110	16,890	105:110	16,890	105:110	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	Data					87:90	Data	87:90	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy	87:213	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	Holstein					95:102	Holstein	95:102	Holstein	95:102	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	Swiss					120:124	Swiss	120:124	Swiss	120:124	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	Simmental					136:144	Simmental	136:144	Simmental	136:144	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	31,441					127:132	31,441	127:132	31,441	127:132	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	Alpine					160:165	Alpine	160:165	Alpine	160:165	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	51	used	used	220:223	arg2	25,845					147:152	25,845	147:152	25,845	147:152	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	9	52	theme	small	1518:1522	arg1	differences					1524:1534	small differences	1518:1534	small differences in prediction accuracy	1518:1557	We observed similar patterns across breeds with small differences in prediction accuracy.
29290427	3	53	theme	full-spectrum	606:618	arg1	data					620:623	FTIR full-spectrum data	601:623	FTIR full-spectrum data	601:623	Milk samples were analyzed for components and FTIR full-spectrum data using a MilkoScan FT+ 6000 (Foss Electric, Hillerød, Denmark).
29290427	10	54	theme	Grey	1609:1612	arg1	cows					1614:1617	Alpine Grey cows	1602:1617	Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645)	1602:1634	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	10	54	theme	Grey	1609:1612	arg1	CV-AUC					1620:1625	CV-AUC = 0.645	1620:1633	CV-AUC = 0.645	1620:1633	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	7	55	theme	CV-AUC	1268:1273	arg1	assessment					1276:1285	a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment	1240:1285	a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions	1240:1352	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	12	56	theme	alternative	2213:2223	arg1	strategies					2225:2234	alternative strategies	2213:2234	alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows	2213:2272	In conclusion, this research provides new insight into alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows.
29290427	11	57	theme	wn	1917:1918	arg1	cm-1					1926:1929	wn 1,773 cm-1	1917:1929	wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered	1917:2155	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	7	58	theme	cross-validation	1250:1265	arg1	assessment					1276:1285	a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment	1240:1285	a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions	1240:1352	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	10	59	theme	=	1627:1627	arg1	cows					1614:1617	Alpine Grey cows	1602:1617	Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645)	1602:1634	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	10	59	theme	=	1627:1627	arg1	CV-AUC					1620:1625	CV-AUC = 0.645	1620:1633	CV-AUC = 0.645	1620:1633	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	9	60	from	differences	1524:1534	arg1	accuracy					1550:1557	prediction accuracy	1539:1557	prediction accuracy	1539:1557	We observed similar patterns across breeds with small differences in prediction accuracy.
29290427	6	61	theme	selection	1044:1052	arg1	model					1054:1058	a Bayesian variable selection model	1024:1058	a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/)	1024:1130	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	5	62	with	models	812:817	arg1	bands					884:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	62	with	models	812:817	arg1	lactose					838:844	lactose	838:844	lactose	838:844	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	62	with	models	812:817	arg1	protein					829:835	protein	829:835	protein	829:835	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	62	with	models	812:817	arg1	fat					824:826	fat	824:826	fat	824:826	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	62	with	models	812:817	arg1	casein					847:852	casein	847:852	casein	847:852	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	2	63	theme	subsequent	448:457	arg1	calving					459:465	a subsequent calving	446:465	a subsequent calving	446:465	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	7	64	theme	characteristic	1210:1223	arg1	curve					1225:1229	a receiver operating characteristic curve	1189:1229	a receiver operating characteristic curve	1189:1229	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	5	65	theme	spectral	875:882	arg1	bands					884:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	11	66	theme	single-wavelength	1786:1802	arg1	analyses					1804:1811	single-wavelength analyses	1786:1811	single-wavelength analyses	1786:1811	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	2	67	theme	Pregnancy	377:385	arg1	status					387:392	Pregnancy status	377:392	Pregnancy status	377:392	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	1	68	dep	Holstein	95:102	arg1	cows					181:184	Grey (12,535) cows	167:184	Grey (12,535) cows	167:184	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	69	theme	milk	250:253	arg1	components					255:264	milk components	250:264	milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose)	250:300	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	69	theme	milk	250:253	arg1	casein					281:286	casein	281:286	casein	281:286	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	69	theme	milk	250:253	arg1	lactose					293:299	lactose	293:299	lactose	293:299	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	69	theme	milk	250:253	arg1	protein					272:278	protein	272:278	protein	272:278	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	69	theme	milk	250:253	arg1	fat					267:269	fat	267:269	fat	267:269	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	11	70	theme	wn	1970:1971	arg1	cm-1					1979:1982	wn 1,546 cm-1	1970:1982	wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered	1970:2155	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	8	71	theme	prediction	1373:1382	arg1	accuracies					1384:1393	the best prediction accuracies	1364:1393	the best prediction accuracies	1364:1393	Overall, the best prediction accuracies were obtained for the model that included the complete FTIR spectral data.
29290427	10	72	dep	obtained	1589:1596	arg1	followed					1742:1749	followed	1742:1749	followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607)	1742:1779	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	0	73	theme	pregnancy	11:19	arg1	status					21:26	pregnancy status	11:26	pregnancy status using infrared spectra and milk composition in dairy cows	11:84	Diagnosing pregnancy status using infrared spectra and milk composition in dairy cows.
29290427	11	74	theme	C=O	1944:1946	arg1	Fat-A					1937:1941	Fat-A	1937:1941	Fat-A (C=O stretch)	1937:1955	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	11	74	theme	C=O	1944:1946	arg1	stretch					1948:1954	C=O stretch	1944:1954	C=O stretch	1944:1954	For single-wavelength analyses, important peaks were detected at wn 2,973 to 2,872 cm-1 where Fat-B (C-H stretch) is usually filtered, wn 1,773 cm-1 where Fat-A (C=O stretch) is filtered, wn 1,546 cm-1 where protein is filtered, wn 1,468 cm-1 associated with urea and fat, wn 1,399 and 1,245 cm-1 associated with acetone, and wn 1,025 to 1,013 cm-1 where lactose is filtered.
29290427	1	75	dep	components	255:264	arg1	components					255:264	milk components	250:264	milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose)	250:300	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	75	dep	components	255:264	arg1	casein					281:286	casein	281:286	casein	281:286	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	75	dep	components	255:264	arg1	lactose					293:299	lactose	293:299	lactose	293:299	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	75	dep	components	255:264	arg1	protein					272:278	protein	272:278	protein	272:278	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	1	75	dep	components	255:264	arg1	fat					267:269	fat	267:269	fat	267:269	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	2	76	theme	interest	545:552	arg1	breeding					524:531	the breeding	520:531	the breeding of specific interest	520:552	Pregnancy status was defined as whether a pregnancy was confirmed by a subsequent calving and no other subsequent inseminations within 90 d of the breeding of specific interest.
29290427	5	77	theme	generalized	793:803	arg1	predictors					908:917	predictors	908:917	predictors	908:917	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	77	theme	generalized	793:803	arg1	wavelengths					893:903	wavelengths	893:903	wavelengths	893:903	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	77	theme	generalized	793:803	arg1	models					812:817	generalized linear models	793:817	generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands	793:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	7	78	theme	Prediction	1133:1142	arg1	accuracy					1144:1151	Prediction accuracy	1133:1151	Prediction accuracy	1133:1151	Prediction accuracy was determined using the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve based on a 10-fold cross-validation (CV-AUC) assessment based on sensitivities and specificities of phenotypic predictions.
29290427	5	79	with	wavelengths	893:903	arg1	bands					884:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	individual FTIR spectral bands	859:888	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	79	with	wavelengths	893:903	arg1	lactose					838:844	lactose	838:844	lactose	838:844	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	79	with	wavelengths	893:903	arg1	protein					829:835	protein	829:835	protein	829:835	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	79	with	wavelengths	893:903	arg1	fat					824:826	fat	824:826	fat	824:826	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	5	79	with	wavelengths	893:903	arg1	casein					847:852	casein	847:852	casein	847:852	Pregnancy status was predicted using generalized linear models with fat, protein, lactose, casein, and individual FTIR spectral bands or wavelengths as predictors.
29290427	0	80	theme	milk	55:58	arg1	composition					60:70	milk composition	55:70	milk composition	55:70	Diagnosing pregnancy status using infrared spectra and milk composition in dairy cows.
29290427	10	81	contain	had	1676:1678	arg1	Simmental					1661:1669	Simmental	1661:1669	Simmental	1661:1669	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	10	81	contain	had	1676:1678	arg1	Swiss					1651:1655	Swiss	1651:1655	Swiss	1651:1655	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	10	81	contain	had	1676:1678	arg2	performance					1688:1698	similar performance	1680:1698	similar performance	1680:1698	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	8	82	theme	complete	1441:1448	arg1	data					1464:1467	the complete FTIR spectral data	1437:1467	the complete FTIR spectral data	1437:1467	Overall, the best prediction accuracies were obtained for the model that included the complete FTIR spectral data.
29290427	10	83	theme	highest	1564:1570	arg1	value					1579:1583	The highest CV-AUC value	1560:1583	The highest CV-AUC value	1560:1583	The highest CV-AUC value was obtained for Alpine Grey cows (CV-AUC = 0.645), whereas Brown Swiss and Simmental cows had similar performance (CV-AUC = 0.630 and 0.628, respectively), followed by Holsteins (CV-AUC = 0.607).
29290427	6	84	theme	linear	949:954	arg1	model					956:960	a generalized linear model	935:960	a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn)	935:1017	We also fitted a generalized linear model as a simultaneous function of all wavelengths (1,060 wn) with a Bayesian variable selection model using the BGLR R-package (https://r-forge.r-project.org/projects/bglr/).
29290427	8	85	theme	spectral	1455:1462	arg1	data					1464:1467	the complete FTIR spectral data	1437:1467	the complete FTIR spectral data	1437:1467	Overall, the best prediction accuracies were obtained for the model that included the complete FTIR spectral data.
29290427	1	86	theme	Grey	167:170	arg1	cows					181:184	Grey (12,535) cows	167:184	Grey (12,535) cows	167:184	Data on Holstein (16,890), Brown Swiss (31,441), Simmental (25,845), and Alpine Grey (12,535) cows reared in northeastern Italy were used to assess the ability of milk components (fat, protein, casein, and lactose) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral data to diagnose pregnancy.
29290427	9	87	theme	similar	1482:1488	arg1	patterns					1490:1497	similar patterns	1482:1497	similar patterns across breeds with small differences in prediction accuracy	1482:1557	We observed similar patterns across breeds with small differences in prediction accuracy.
29290427	12	88	theme	cows	2269:2272	arg1	screening					2250:2258	pregnancy screening	2240:2258	pregnancy screening of dairy cows	2240:2272	In conclusion, this research provides new insight into alternative strategies for pregnancy screening of dairy cows.
27083362	5	0	theme	sites	1640:1644	arg1	function					1614:1621	the function	1610:1621	the function of Brønsted acid sites	1610:1644	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	4	1	theme	water	1418:1422	arg1	angle					1432:1436	water contact angle	1418:1436	water contact angle of 136°	1418:1444	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	2	theme	double	378:383	arg1	sites					390:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites	363:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	363:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	3	theme	catalysts	238:246	arg1	kinds					204:208	two kinds	200:208	two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	200:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	4	4	theme	uniform	1388:1394	arg1	mesopores					1396:1404	uniform mesopores	1388:1404	uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm	1388:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	5	5	theme	HMF	1699:1701	arg1	yield					1703:1707	the HMF yield	1695:1707	the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose	1695:1734	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	6	from	glucose	1728:1734	arg1	yield					1703:1707	the HMF yield	1695:1707	the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose	1695:1734	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	1	7	theme	synthetic	158:166	arg1	strategy					168:175	a simple and novel synthetic strategy	139:175	a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	139:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	6	8	theme	multifunctional	1795:1809	arg1	catalysts					1821:1829	multifunctional polymeric catalysts	1795:1829	multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1795:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	5	9	from	cellulose	1714:1722	arg1	yield					1703:1707	the HMF yield	1695:1707	the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose	1695:1734	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	4	10	theme	0.638	1450:1454	arg1	mmolg					1456:1460	0.638 mmolg	1450:1460	0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1450:1493	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	10	theme	0.638	1450:1454	arg1	-1					1462:1463	-1	1462:1463	-1	1462:1463	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	3	11	theme	ion-exchange	892:903	arg1	process					905:911	subsequent ion-exchange process	881:911	subsequent ion-exchange process	881:911	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	4	12	from	mmolg	1456:1460	arg1	nm					1414:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	0	13	theme	carbohydrate	106:117	arg1	conversion					92:101	conversion	92:101	conversion of carbohydrate	92:117	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	1	14	theme	porous	308:313	arg1	structure					315:323	hierarchical porous structure	295:323	hierarchical porous structure	295:323	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	6	15	theme	novel	1769:1773	arg1	route					1775:1779	a simple and novel route	1756:1779	a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1756:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	4	16	dep	μm	1206:1207	arg1	to					1200:1201	to	1200:1201	to	1200:1201	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	17	theme	hydrophobic	1116:1126	arg1	surface					1128:1134	hydrophobic surface	1116:1134	hydrophobic surface	1116:1134	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	3	18	theme	catalysts	1033:1041	arg1	surface					1010:1016	the surface	1006:1016	the surface of cell of the catalysts	1006:1041	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	0	19	from	sites	58:62	arg1	surface					67:73	surface	67:73	surface of macropore	67:86	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	2	20	theme	high	606:609	arg1	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	20	theme	high	606:609	arg1	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	21	theme	136°	1441:1444	arg1	mmolg					1456:1460	0.638 mmolg	1450:1460	0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1450:1493	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	21	theme	136°	1441:1444	arg1	angle					1432:1436	water contact angle	1418:1436	water contact angle of 136°	1418:1444	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	21	theme	136°	1441:1444	arg1	μm					1384:1385	20 μm	1381:1385	20 μm	1381:1385	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	21	theme	136°	1441:1444	arg1	mesopores					1396:1404	uniform mesopores	1388:1404	uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm	1388:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	21	theme	136°	1441:1444	arg1	-1					1462:1463	-1	1462:1463	-1	1462:1463	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	5	22	theme	slight	1554:1559	arg1	influence					1561:1569	a slight influence	1552:1569	a slight influence	1552:1569	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	1	23	theme	acidic	340:345	arg1	composition					347:357	inhomogeneous acidic composition	326:357	inhomogeneous acidic composition	326:357	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	6	24	theme	carbohydrate	1867:1878	arg1	conversion					1853:1862	efficient one-pot conversion	1835:1862	efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1835:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	2	25	theme	W/O	601:603	arg1	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	25	theme	W/O	601:603	arg1	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	26	theme	sites	1489:1493	arg1	mmolg					1456:1460	0.638 mmolg	1450:1460	0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1450:1493	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	26	theme	sites	1489:1493	arg1	angle					1432:1436	water contact angle	1418:1436	water contact angle of 136°	1418:1444	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	26	theme	sites	1489:1493	arg1	μm					1384:1385	20 μm	1381:1385	20 μm	1381:1385	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	26	theme	sites	1489:1493	arg1	mesopores					1396:1404	uniform mesopores	1388:1404	uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm	1388:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	26	theme	sites	1489:1493	arg1	-1					1462:1463	-1	1462:1463	-1	1462:1463	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	27	theme	acid	1300:1303	arg1	sites					1305:1309	Brønsted acid sites	1291:1309	Brønsted acid sites	1291:1309	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	28	theme	key	524:526	arg1	HMF					577:579	HMF	577:579	HMF	577:579	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	28	theme	key	524:526	arg1	platform					537:544	a key chemical platform	522:544	a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	522:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	3	29	attach	derived	944:950	arg1	3+					970:971	3+	970:971	3+	970:971	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	3	29	attach	derived	944:950	arg1	Cr					967:968	exchanged Cr	957:968	exchanged Cr(3+)	957:972	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	3	29	attach	derived	944:950	arg2	sites					938:942	Lewis and Brønsted acid sites	914:942	sites	938:942	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	3	29	attach	derived	944:950	arg1	ion					983:985	H(+) ion	978:985	H(+) ion	978:985	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	6	30	theme	efficient	1835:1843	arg1	conversion					1853:1862	efficient one-pot conversion	1835:1862	efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1835:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	2	31	theme	phase	620:624	arg1	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	31	theme	phase	620:624	arg1	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	3	32	theme	acid	933:936	arg1	sites					938:942	Lewis and Brønsted acid sites	914:942	sites	938:942	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	4	33	theme	Lewis-Brønsted	1469:1482	arg1	sites					1489:1493	Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1469:1493	Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1469:1493	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	34	from	mesopores	1396:1404	arg1	nm					1414:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	0	35	theme	macropore	78:86	arg1	surface					67:73	surface	67:73	surface of macropore	67:86	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	2	36	theme	styrene	861:867	arg1	presence					824:831	the presence	820:831	the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St)	820:872	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	37	from	mesopores	1218:1226	arg1	nm					1236:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	38	theme	uniform	1210:1216	arg1	mesopores					1218:1226	uniform mesopores	1210:1226	uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm	1210:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	3	39	theme	exchanged	957:965	arg1	3+					970:971	3+	970:971	3+	970:971	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	3	39	theme	exchanged	957:965	arg1	Cr					967:968	exchanged Cr	957:968	exchanged Cr(3+)	957:972	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	2	40	theme	water-in-oil	587:598	arg1	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	40	theme	water-in-oil	587:598	arg1	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	41	theme	Cr	1064:1065	arg1	-HPFs-1-H					1070:1078	Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H	1064:1078	Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H	1064:1078	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	0	42	theme	hydrophobic	15:25	arg1	polymer					27:33	hydrophobic polymer	15:33	hydrophobic polymer	15:33	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	2	43	theme	simultaneous	776:787	arg1	polymerization					789:802	simultaneous polymerization	776:802	simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	776:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	44	from	μm	1384:1385	arg1	nm					1414:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	45	from	Cr	1323:1324	arg1	nm					1236:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	0	46	theme	double	46:51	arg1	sites					58:62	double acid sites	46:62	double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate	46:117	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	2	47	theme	analogous	698:706	arg1	particles					708:716	analogous particles	698:716	analogous particles offered the acidic actives	698:743	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	48	theme	phase	811:815	arg1	polymerization					789:802	simultaneous polymerization	776:802	simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	776:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	angle					1254:1258	water contact angle	1240:1258	water contact angle of 122°	1240:1266	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	3+					1326:1327	3+	1326:1327	3+	1326:1327	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	-1					1284:1285	-1	1284:1285	-1	1284:1285	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	μm					1206:1207	0.1 μm to 20 μm	1193:1207	0.1 μm to 20 μm	1193:1207	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	Cr					1323:1324	Cr	1323:1324	Cr(3+)	1323:1328	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	mmolg					1278:1282	0.614 mmolg	1272:1282	0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites	1272:1309	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	49	theme	122°	1263:1266	arg1	mesopores					1218:1226	uniform mesopores	1210:1226	uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm	1210:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	50	theme	kinds	204:208	arg1	fabrication					185:195	the fabrication	181:195	the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	181:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	3	51	theme	H	978:978	arg1	ion					983:985	H(+) ion	978:985	H(+) ion	978:985	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	1	52	theme	hydrophobic	213:223	arg1	catalysts					238:246	hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts	213:246	hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	213:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	2	53	theme	acidic	730:735	arg1	actives					737:743	the acidic actives	726:743	the acidic actives	726:743	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	54	theme	contact	1424:1430	arg1	angle					1432:1436	water contact angle	1418:1436	water contact angle of 136°	1418:1444	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	55	theme	carbohydrate	464:475	arg1	conversion					450:459	one-pot conversion	442:459	one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	442:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	4	56	theme	water	1240:1244	arg1	angle					1254:1258	water contact angle	1240:1258	water contact angle of 122°	1240:1266	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	57	with	-HPFs-1-H	1329:1337	arg1	macropores					1347:1356	macropores	1347:1356	macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1347:1493	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	58	theme	foam	233:236	arg1	catalysts					238:246	hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts	213:246	hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	213:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	3	59	theme	Brønsted	924:931	arg1	sites					938:942	Lewis and Brønsted acid sites	914:942	sites	938:942	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	4	60	theme	hierarchical	1095:1106	arg1	porous					1108:1113	similar hierarchical porous	1087:1113	similar hierarchical porous	1087:1113	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	61	theme	acid	385:388	arg1	sites					390:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites	363:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	363:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	4	62	theme	Brønsted	1291:1298	arg1	sites					1305:1309	Brønsted acid sites	1291:1309	Brønsted acid sites	1291:1309	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	63	theme	novel	152:156	arg1	strategy					168:175	a simple and novel synthetic strategy	139:175	a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	139:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	4	64	dep	sites	1145:1149	arg1	-HPFs-1-H					1329:1337	-HPFs-1-H	1329:1337	-HPFs-1-H	1329:1337	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	5	65	theme	Lewis	1519:1523	arg1	sites					1530:1534	Lewis acid sites	1519:1534	Lewis acid sites of catalyst	1519:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	65	theme	Lewis	1519:1523	arg1	catalyst					1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	4	66	from	mmolg	1278:1282	arg1	nm					1236:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	67	dep	-HPFs-1-H	1329:1337	arg1	+					1339:1339	+	1339:1339	+	1339:1339	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	3	68	theme	subsequent	881:890	arg1	process					905:911	subsequent ion-exchange process	881:911	subsequent ion-exchange process	881:911	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	4	69	theme	acid	1140:1143	arg1	sites					1145:1149	acid sites	1140:1149	acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites)	1140:1494	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	70	used	used	434:437	arg2	surface					415:421	the surface	411:421	the surface	411:421	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	3	71	theme	cell	1021:1024	arg1	surface					1010:1016	the surface	1006:1016	the surface of cell of the catalysts	1006:1041	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	2	72	dep	styrene	861:867	arg1	St					870:871	St	870:871	St	870:871	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	5	73	theme	Lewis	1651:1655	arg1	sites					1662:1666	Lewis acid sites	1651:1666	Lewis acid sites	1651:1666	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	2	74	theme	internal	611:618	arg1	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	74	theme	internal	611:618	arg1	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	1	75	theme	inhomogeneous	326:338	arg1	composition					347:357	inhomogeneous acidic composition	326:357	inhomogeneous acidic composition	326:357	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	3	76	theme	Lewis	914:918	arg1	sites					938:942	Lewis and Brønsted acid sites	914:942	sites	938:942	After subsequent ion-exchange process, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites derived from exchanged Cr(3+) and H(+) ion were both fixed on the surface of cell of the catalysts.
27083362	4	77	from	angle	1432:1436	arg1	nm					1414:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	13.3 nm	1409:1415	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	angle					1254:1258	water contact angle	1240:1258	water contact angle of 122°	1240:1266	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	3+					1326:1327	3+	1326:1327	3+	1326:1327	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	-1					1284:1285	-1	1284:1285	-1	1284:1285	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	μm					1206:1207	0.1 μm to 20 μm	1193:1207	0.1 μm to 20 μm	1193:1207	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	Cr					1323:1324	Cr	1323:1324	Cr(3+)	1323:1328	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	mmolg					1278:1282	0.614 mmolg	1272:1282	0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites	1272:1309	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	78	theme	sites	1305:1309	arg1	mesopores					1218:1226	uniform mesopores	1210:1226	uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm	1210:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	4	79	from	angle	1254:1258	arg1	nm					1236:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	80	theme	Lewis-Brønsted	363:376	arg1	sites					390:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites	363:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	363:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	6	81	theme	one-pot	1845:1851	arg1	conversion					1853:1862	efficient one-pot conversion	1835:1862	efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1835:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	4	82	dep	+	1057:1057	arg1	The					1044:1046	The	1044:1046	The	1044:1046	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	2	83	theme	emulsions	626:634	arg1	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	83	theme	emulsions	626:634	arg1	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	1	84	theme	chemical	528:535	arg1	HMF					577:579	HMF	577:579	HMF	577:579	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	84	theme	chemical	528:535	arg1	platform					537:544	a key chemical platform	522:544	a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	522:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	5	85	theme	Brønsted	1626:1633	arg1	sites					1640:1644	Brønsted acid sites	1626:1644	Brønsted acid sites	1626:1644	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	86	theme	HMF	1578:1580	arg1	yield					1582:1586	the HMF yield	1574:1586	the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites	1574:1644	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	1	87	dep	HMF	577:579	arg1	5-hydroxymethylfurfural					552:574	5-hydroxymethylfurfural	552:574	5-hydroxymethylfurfural	552:574	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	2	88	used	used	751:754	arg2	HIPEs					637:641	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs)	583:642	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	2	88	used	used	751:754	arg2	template					763:770	the template	759:770	the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase	759:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	1	89	theme	simple	141:146	arg1	strategy					168:175	a simple and novel synthetic strategy	139:175	a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	139:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	2	90	theme	divinylbenzene	836:849	arg1	presence					824:831	the presence	820:831	the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St)	820:872	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	91	theme	acid	1484:1487	arg1	sites					1489:1493	Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1469:1493	Lewis-Brønsted acid sites	1469:1493	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	5	92	theme	fructose	1591:1598	arg1	yield					1582:1586	the HMF yield	1574:1586	the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites	1574:1644	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	1	93	dep	5-hydroxymethylfurfural	552:574	arg1	i.e.					547:550	i.e.	547:550	i.e.	547:550	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	6	94	theme	polymeric	1811:1819	arg1	catalysts					1821:1829	multifunctional polymeric catalysts	1795:1829	multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1795:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	5	95	theme	catalyst	1539:1546	arg1	sites					1530:1534	Lewis acid sites	1519:1534	Lewis acid sites of catalyst	1519:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	95	theme	catalyst	1539:1546	arg1	catalyst					1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	1	96	dep	-HPFs-1-H	260:268	arg1	+					286:286	+	286:286	+	286:286	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	96	dep	-HPFs-1-H	260:268	arg1	+					270:270	+	270:270	+	270:270	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	96	dep	-HPFs-1-H	260:268	arg1	i.e.					249:252	i.e.	249:252	i.e.	249:252	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	97	theme	hierarchical	295:306	arg1	structure					315:323	hierarchical porous structure	295:323	hierarchical porous structure	295:323	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	2	98	theme	oil	807:809	arg1	phase					811:815	oil phase	807:815	oil phase	807:815	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	4	99	from	μm	1206:1207	arg1	nm					1236:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	14.4 nm	1231:1237	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	0	100	theme	polymer	27:33	arg1	Fabrication					0:10	Fabrication	0:10	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer	0:33	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	1	101	dep	carbohydrate	464:475	arg1	such					478:481	such	478:481	such	478:481	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	4	102	theme	μm	1197:1198	arg1	μm					1206:1207	0.1 μm to 20 μm	1193:1207	0.1 μm to 20 μm	1193:1207	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	0	103	theme	acid	53:56	arg1	sites					58:62	double acid sites	46:62	double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate	46:117	Fabrication of hydrophobic polymer foams with double acid sites on surface of macropore for conversion of carbohydrate.
27083362	5	104	theme	acid	1525:1528	arg1	sites					1530:1534	Lewis acid sites	1519:1534	Lewis acid sites of catalyst	1519:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	104	theme	acid	1525:1528	arg1	catalyst					1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	4	105	theme	contact	1246:1252	arg1	angle					1254:1258	water contact angle	1240:1258	water contact angle of 122°	1240:1266	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	106	with	catalysts	238:246	arg1	sites					390:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites	363:394	Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	363:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	106	with	catalysts	238:246	arg1	composition					347:357	inhomogeneous acidic composition	326:357	inhomogeneous acidic composition	326:357	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	1	106	with	catalysts	238:246	arg1	structure					315:323	hierarchical porous structure	295:323	hierarchical porous structure	295:323	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	5	107	theme	acid	1657:1660	arg1	sites					1662:1666	Lewis acid sites	1651:1666	Lewis acid sites	1651:1666	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	108	contain	had	1548:1550	arg1	sites					1530:1534	Lewis acid sites	1519:1534	Lewis acid sites of catalyst	1519:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	108	contain	had	1548:1550	arg2	influence					1561:1569	a slight influence	1552:1569	a slight influence	1552:1569	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	5	108	contain	had	1548:1550	arg1	catalyst					1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	catalyst	1539:1546	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	1	109	theme	one-pot	442:448	arg1	conversion					450:459	one-pot conversion	442:459	one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	442:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27083362	5	110	theme	acid	1635:1638	arg1	sites					1640:1644	Brønsted acid sites	1626:1644	Brønsted acid sites	1626:1644	It was confirmed that Lewis acid sites of catalyst had a slight influence on the HMF yield of fructose came from the function of Brønsted acid sites, and Lewis acid sites were in favor of improving the HMF yield from cellulose and glucose.
27083362	2	111	theme	acidic	676:681	arg1	prepolymers					683:693	acidic prepolymers	676:693	acidic prepolymers	676:693	The water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), stabilized by both Span 80 and acidic prepolymers as analogous particles offered the acidic actives, were used as the template for simultaneous polymerization of oil phase in the presence of divinylbenzene (DVB) and styrene (St).
27083362	6	112	theme	simple	1758:1763	arg1	route					1775:1779	a simple and novel route	1756:1779	a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF	1756:1885	This work opens up a simple and novel route to synthesize multifunctional polymeric catalysts for efficient one-pot conversion of carbohydrate to HMF.
27083362	4	113	theme	similar	1087:1093	arg1	porous					1108:1113	similar hierarchical porous	1087:1113	similar hierarchical porous	1087:1113	The HPFs-1-H(+) and Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) had similar hierarchical porous, hydrophobic surface and acid sites (HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 14.4 nm, water contact angle of 122° and 0.614 mmolg(-1) of Brønsted acid sites, as well as Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) with macropores ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, uniform mesopores in 13.3 nm, water contact angle of 136° and 0.638 mmolg(-1) of Lewis-Brønsted acid sites).
27083362	1	114	theme	polymer	225:231	arg1	catalysts					238:246	hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts	213:246	hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF)	213:580	Herein we reported a simple and novel synthetic strategy for the fabrication of two kinds of hydrophobic polymer foam catalysts (i.e. Cr(3+)-HPFs-1-H(+) and HPFs-1-H(+)) with hierarchical porous structure, inhomogeneous acidic composition and Lewis-Brønsted double acid sites distributed on the surface, which was used to one-pot conversion of carbohydrate (such as cellulose, glucose and fructose) to a key chemical platform (i.e. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, HMF).
27506120	2	0	theme	variable	463:470	arg1	DR					486:487	DR	486:487	DR	486:487	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	0	theme	variable	463:470	arg1	release					477:483	desired response variable drug release	446:483	desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	446:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	6	1	theme	24h	1189:1191	arg1	treatment					1193:1201	24h treatment	1189:1201	24h treatment	1189:1201	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	4	2	from	release	729:735	arg1	12h					752:754	12h	752:754	12h	752:754	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	4	3	dep	favorable	710:718	arg1	in					720:721	in	720:721	in	720:721	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	7	4	from	application	1315:1325	arg1	therapeutics					1337:1348	cancer therapeutics	1330:1348	cancer therapeutics	1330:1348	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	6	5	from	effect	1155:1160	arg1	formulation					1171:1181	formulation	1171:1181	formulation	1171:1181	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	2	6	theme	response	454:461	arg1	DR					486:487	DR	486:487	DR	486:487	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	6	theme	response	454:461	arg1	release					477:483	desired response variable drug release	446:483	desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	446:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	4	7	theme	release	765:771	arg1	kinetics					773:780	the release kinetics	761:780	the release kinetics	761:780	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	1	8	theme	natural	160:166	arg1	stipulata					194:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata	160:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	160:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	5	9	theme	significant	848:858	arg1	activity					881:888	significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity	848:888	significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity	848:888	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	6	10	theme	%	993:993	arg1	inhibition					995:1004	78.56% inhibition	988:1004	78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL)	988:1029	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	6	10	theme	%	993:993	arg1	value=856.58μg/mL					1012:1028	IC50 value=856.58μg/mL	1007:1028	IC50 value=856.58μg/mL	1007:1028	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	7	11	theme	A.	1254:1255	arg1	gum					1267:1269	A. stipulata gum	1254:1269	A. stipulata gum	1254:1269	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	6	12	theme	IC50	1054:1057	arg1	inhibition					1042:1051	93.68% inhibition	1035:1051	93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL)	1035:1076	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	6	12	theme	IC50	1054:1057	arg1	value=396.35μg/mL					1059:1075	IC50 value=396.35μg/mL	1054:1075	IC50 value=396.35μg/mL	1054:1075	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	4	13	theme	favorable	710:718	arg1	release					729:735	favorable in vitro release	710:735	favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h	710:754	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	0	14	theme	cancer	91:96	arg1	therapeutics					98:109	cancer therapeutics	91:109	cancer therapeutics	91:109	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	7	15	theme	cancer	1330:1335	arg1	therapeutics					1337:1348	cancer therapeutics	1330:1348	cancer therapeutics	1330:1348	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	2	16	used	used	352:355	arg2	five-level					337:346	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level	294:346	five-level	337:346	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	5	17	theme	%	900:900	arg1	inhibition					902:911	98.25% inhibition	895:911	98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line	895:966	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	1	18	theme	paracetamol	276:286	arg1	controlled-release					254:271	controlled-release	254:271	controlled-release	254:271	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	6	19	theme	PC	1165:1166	arg1	effect					1155:1160	the anticancer effect	1140:1160	the anticancer effect of PC in formulation	1140:1181	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	7	20	theme	delivery	1306:1313	arg1	application					1315:1325	drug delivery application	1301:1325	drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics	1301:1348	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	5	21	from	2000μg/mL	916:924	arg1	inhibition					902:911	98.25% inhibition	895:911	98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line	895:966	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	1	22	theme	macromolecule	168:180	arg1	stipulata					194:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata	160:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	160:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	2	23	theme	desired	446:452	arg1	DR					486:487	DR	486:487	DR	486:487	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	23	theme	desired	446:452	arg1	release					477:483	desired response variable drug release	446:483	desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	446:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	5	24	theme	98.25	895:899	arg1	%					900:900	%	900:900	%	900:900	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	6	25	theme	78.56	988:992	arg1	%					993:993	%	993:993	%	993:993	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	1	26	theme	gum	182:184	arg1	stipulata					194:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata	160:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	160:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	3	27	theme	pre-	603:606	arg1	parameters					630:639	pre- and post- compression parameters	603:639	pre- and post- compression parameters	603:639	The optimized PCMT was prepared by wet granulation method and screened for pre- and post- compression parameters, and were characterized.
27506120	4	28	theme	F14	686:688	arg1	formulation					691:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation	666:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation	666:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	1	29	theme	Albizia	186:192	arg1	stipulata					194:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata	160:202	natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	160:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	6	30	theme	anticancer	1144:1153	arg1	effect					1155:1160	the anticancer effect	1140:1160	the anticancer effect of PC in formulation	1140:1181	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	5	31	theme	A549	953:956	arg1	line					963:966	A549 cell line	953:966	A549 cell line	953:966	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	1	32	theme	stipulata	194:202	arg1	development					145:155	the development	141:155	the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	141:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	7	33	theme	stipulata	1257:1265	arg1	gum					1267:1269	A. stipulata gum	1254:1269	A. stipulata gum	1254:1269	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	7	34	theme	drug	1301:1304	arg1	delivery					1306:1313	drug delivery	1301:1313	drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics	1301:1348	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	7	35	from	report	1244:1249	arg1	gum					1267:1269	A. stipulata gum	1254:1269	A. stipulata gum	1254:1269	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	6	36	theme	%	1040:1040	arg1	inhibition					1042:1051	93.68% inhibition	1035:1051	93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL)	1035:1076	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	6	36	theme	%	1040:1040	arg1	value=396.35μg/mL					1059:1075	IC50 value=396.35μg/mL	1054:1075	IC50 value=396.35μg/mL	1054:1075	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	2	37	theme	compression	414:424	arg1	force					426:430	compression force	414:430	compression force	414:430	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	38	theme	tablets	512:518	arg1	DR					486:487	DR	486:487	DR	486:487	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	38	theme	tablets	512:518	arg1	release					477:483	desired response variable drug release	446:483	desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	446:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	6	39	theme	93.68	1035:1039	arg1	%					1040:1040	%	1040:1040	%	1040:1040	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	0	40	theme	stipulata	34:42	arg1	gum					44:46	Albizia stipulata gum	26:46	Albizia stipulata gum	26:46	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	5	41	theme	AS	833:834	arg1	gum					836:838	AS gum	833:838	AS gum	833:838	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	2	42	theme	matrix	505:510	arg1	tablets					512:518	paracetamol matrix tablets	493:518	paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	493:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	42	theme	matrix	505:510	arg1	PCMT					521:524	PCMT	521:524	PCMT	521:524	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	0	43	from	tablets	80:86	arg1	therapeutics					98:109	cancer therapeutics	91:109	cancer therapeutics	91:109	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	7	44	theme	promising	1276:1284	arg1	biopolymer					1286:1295	a promising biopolymer	1274:1295	a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics	1274:1348	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	5	45	dep	significant	848:858	arg1	p<0.001					861:867	p<0.001	861:867	p<0.001	861:867	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	0	46	theme	Albizia	26:32	arg1	gum					44:46	Albizia stipulata gum	26:46	Albizia stipulata gum	26:46	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	2	47	theme	paracetamol	493:503	arg1	tablets					512:518	paracetamol matrix tablets	493:518	paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	493:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	47	theme	paracetamol	493:503	arg1	PCMT					521:524	PCMT	521:524	PCMT	521:524	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	1	48	dep	stipulata	194:202	arg1	AS					205:206	AS	205:206	AS	205:206	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	2	49	theme	variables	393:401	arg1	optimization					365:376	the optimization	361:376	the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	361:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	4	50	theme	anomalous	802:810	arg1	mechanism					822:830	zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism	791:830	zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism	791:830	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	0	51	theme	controlled-release	54:71	arg1	tablets					80:86	controlled-release matrix tablets	54:86	controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics	54:109	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	3	52	theme	optimized	532:540	arg1	PCMT					542:545	The optimized PCMT	528:545	The optimized PCMT	528:545	The optimized PCMT was prepared by wet granulation method and screened for pre- and post- compression parameters, and were characterized.
27506120	1	53	theme	present	116:122	arg1	study					124:128	The present study	112:128	The present study	112:128	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	0	54	theme	gum	44:46	arg1	development					11:21	development	11:21	development	11:21	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	0	54	theme	gum	44:46	arg1	Design					0:5	Design	0:5	Design	0:5	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	2	55	theme	independent	381:391	arg1	variables					393:401	independent variables	381:401	independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	381:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	4	56	theme	order	796:800	arg1	mechanism					822:830	zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism	791:830	zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism	791:830	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	3	57	theme	compression	618:628	arg1	parameters					630:639	pre- and post- compression parameters	603:639	pre- and post- compression parameters	603:639	The optimized PCMT was prepared by wet granulation method and screened for pre- and post- compression parameters, and were characterized.
27506120	2	58	theme	two-factor	325:334	arg1	five-level					337:346	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level	294:346	five-level	337:346	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	4	59	theme	PC	740:741	arg1	release					729:735	favorable in vitro release	710:735	favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h	710:754	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	5	60	theme	cell	958:961	arg1	line					963:966	A549 cell line	953:966	A549 cell line	953:966	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	3	61	theme	granulation	567:577	arg1	method					579:584	wet granulation method	563:584	wet granulation method	563:584	The optimized PCMT was prepared by wet granulation method and screened for pre- and post- compression parameters, and were characterized.
27506120	4	62	theme	PCMT	680:683	arg1	formulation					691:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation	666:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation	666:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	6	63	theme	IC50	1007:1010	arg1	inhibition					995:1004	78.56% inhibition	988:1004	78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL)	988:1029	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	6	63	theme	IC50	1007:1010	arg1	value=856.58μg/mL					1012:1028	IC50 value=856.58μg/mL	1007:1028	IC50 value=856.58μg/mL	1007:1028	PC and PCMT showed 78.56% inhibition (IC50 value=856.58μg/mL) and 93.68% inhibition (IC50 value=396.35μg/mL) respectively, symbolizing that the gum remarkably potentiated the anticancer effect of PC in formulation after 24h treatment by inducing apoptosis.
27506120	1	64	theme	novel	215:219	arg1	excipient					236:244	novel pharmaceutical excipient	215:244	novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	215:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	4	65	theme	diffusion	812:820	arg1	mechanism					822:830	zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism	791:830	zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism	791:830	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	5	66	theme	anticancer	870:879	arg1	activity					881:888	significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity	848:888	significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity	848:888	AS gum exerted significant (p<0.001) anticancer activity with 98.25% inhibition at 2000μg/mL (IC50=179.12μg/mL) against A549 cell line.
27506120	4	67	theme	optimized	670:678	arg1	formulation					691:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation	666:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation	666:701	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
27506120	1	68	theme	pharmaceutical	221:234	arg1	excipient					236:244	novel pharmaceutical excipient	215:244	novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC)	215:291	The present study deals with the development of natural macromolecule gum Albizia stipulata (AS) based novel pharmaceutical excipient for the controlled-release of paracetamol (PC).
27506120	0	69	theme	matrix	73:78	arg1	tablets					80:86	controlled-release matrix tablets	54:86	controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics	54:109	Design and development of Albizia stipulata gum based controlled-release matrix tablets in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	3	70	theme	post-	612:616	arg1	parameters					630:639	pre- and post- compression parameters	603:639	pre- and post- compression parameters	603:639	The optimized PCMT was prepared by wet granulation method and screened for pre- and post- compression parameters, and were characterized.
27506120	7	71	theme	first	1238:1242	arg1	This					1226:1229	This	1226:1229	This	1226:1229	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	7	71	theme	first	1238:1242	arg1	report					1244:1249	the first report	1234:1249	the first report on A. stipulata gum	1234:1269	This is the first report on A. stipulata gum as a promising biopolymer for drug delivery application in cancer therapeutics.
27506120	2	72	theme	drug	472:475	arg1	DR					486:487	DR	486:487	DR	486:487	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	2	72	theme	drug	472:475	arg1	release					477:483	desired response variable drug release	446:483	desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT)	446:525	Central composite design (CCD) two-factor, five-level was used for the optimization of independent variables AS gum and compression force (CF) based on desired response variable drug release (DR) of paracetamol matrix tablets (PCMT).
27506120	3	73	theme	wet	563:565	arg1	method					579:584	wet granulation method	563:584	wet granulation method	563:584	The optimized PCMT was prepared by wet granulation method and screened for pre- and post- compression parameters, and were characterized.
27506120	4	74	dep	in	720:721	arg1	vitro					723:727	vitro	723:727	vitro	723:727	The optimized PCMT (F14) formulation showed favorable in vitro release of PC (65%) in 12h, and the release kinetics followed zero order anomalous diffusion mechanism.
24594175	7	0	theme	new	1132:1134	arg1	formulas					1141:1148	new food formulas	1132:1148	new food formulas for human consumption	1132:1170	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	1	1	theme	native	164:169	arg1	proteins					171:178	native proteins	164:178	native proteins	164:178	Small peptides show higher antioxidant capacity than native proteins and may be absorbed in the intestine without further digestion.
24594175	7	2	theme	hydrolytic	905:914	arg1	treatment					916:924	the hydrolytic treatment	901:924	the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product	901:954	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	7	3	theme	food	1136:1139	arg1	formulas					1141:1148	new food formulas	1132:1148	new food formulas for human consumption	1132:1170	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	7	4	theme	microbial	983:991	arg1	systems					993:999	microbial systems	983:999	microbial systems	983:999	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	4	5	theme	proteolytic	562:572	arg1	activity					574:581	microbial proteolytic activity	552:581	microbial proteolytic activity	552:581	Among enzymes, Alcalase was the most performing, while microbial proteolytic activity was less efficient.
24594175	5	6	theme	pumilus	730:736	arg1	AG1					738:740	Bacillus pumilus AG1	721:740	Bacillus pumilus AG1	721:740	Conversely, the antioxidant activity was higher in the samples obtained by microbial hydrolysis and particularly with Bacillus pumilus AG1.
24594175	7	7	theme	selected	962:969	arg1	enzymes					971:977	selected enzymes	962:977	selected enzymes	962:977	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	2	8	dep	Alcalase	357:364	arg1	Flavourzyme					377:387	Flavourzyme	377:387	Flavourzyme	377:387	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	2	9	theme	starch	289:294	arg1	industry					296:303	rice starch industry	284:303	rice starch industry	284:303	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	7	10	theme	human	1154:1158	arg1	consumption					1160:1170	human consumption	1154:1170	human consumption	1154:1170	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	5	11	theme	antioxidant	619:629	arg1	activity					631:638	the antioxidant activity	615:638	the antioxidant activity	615:638	Conversely, the antioxidant activity was higher in the samples obtained by microbial hydrolysis and particularly with Bacillus pumilus AG1.
24594175	5	11	theme	antioxidant	619:629	arg1	higher					644:649	higher	644:649	higher	644:649	Conversely, the antioxidant activity was higher in the samples obtained by microbial hydrolysis and particularly with Bacillus pumilus AG1.
24594175	2	12	theme	protein	260:266	arg1	by-product					268:277	a protein by-product	258:277	a protein by-product from rice starch industry	258:303	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	6	13	theme	peptides	793:800	arg1	sequences					747:755	The sequences	743:755	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	743:800	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides were determined and analyzed for aminoacidic composition.
24594175	7	14	from	peptides	1108:1115	arg1	rich					1088:1091	rich	1088:1091	rich	1088:1091	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	6	15	theme	aminoacidic	835:845	arg1	composition					847:857	aminoacidic composition	835:857	aminoacidic composition	835:857	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides were determined and analyzed for aminoacidic composition.
24594175	6	16	theme	antioxidant	781:791	arg1	peptides					793:800	low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	760:800	low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	760:800	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides were determined and analyzed for aminoacidic composition.
24594175	2	17	theme	spp	428:430	arg1	Alcalase					357:364	Alcalase	357:364	Alcalase	357:364	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	2	17	theme	spp	428:430	arg1	enzymes					348:354	commercial proteolytic enzymes	325:354	commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme)	325:388	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	2	17	theme	spp	428:430	arg1	cells					410:414	microbial whole cells	394:414	microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp	394:430	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	7	18	theme	by-product	945:954	arg1	treatment					916:924	the hydrolytic treatment	901:924	the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product	901:954	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	6	19	theme	weight	774:779	arg1	peptides					793:800	low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	760:800	low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	760:800	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides were determined and analyzed for aminoacidic composition.
24594175	0	20	theme	starch	16:21	arg1	by-product					39:48	starch industry liquid by-product	16:48	starch industry liquid by-product	16:48	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.
24594175	4	21	theme	microbial	552:560	arg1	activity					574:581	microbial proteolytic activity	552:581	microbial proteolytic activity	552:581	Among enzymes, Alcalase was the most performing, while microbial proteolytic activity was less efficient.
24594175	7	22	theme	antioxidant	1096:1106	arg1	peptides					1108:1115	antioxidant peptides	1096:1115	antioxidant peptides	1096:1115	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	0	23	from	rice	85:88	arg1	peptides					71:78	bioactive peptides	61:78	bioactive peptides from rice	61:88	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.
24594175	1	24	theme	Small	111:115	arg1	peptides					117:124	Small peptides	111:124	Small peptides	111:124	Small peptides show higher antioxidant capacity than native proteins and may be absorbed in the intestine without further digestion.
24594175	0	25	theme	by-product	39:48	arg1	Exploitation					0:11	Exploitation	0:11	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice	0:88	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.
24594175	7	26	theme	supplements	1076:1086	arg1	production					1037:1046	the production	1033:1046	the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides	1033:1115	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	2	27	theme	whole	404:408	arg1	cells					410:414	microbial whole cells	394:414	microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp	394:430	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	0	28	theme	liquid	32:37	arg1	by-product					39:48	starch industry liquid by-product	16:48	starch industry liquid by-product	16:48	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.
24594175	5	29	theme	Bacillus	721:728	arg1	AG1					738:740	Bacillus pumilus AG1	721:740	Bacillus pumilus AG1	721:740	Conversely, the antioxidant activity was higher in the samples obtained by microbial hydrolysis and particularly with Bacillus pumilus AG1.
24594175	0	30	theme	industry	23:30	arg1	by-product					39:48	starch industry liquid by-product	16:48	starch industry liquid by-product	16:48	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.
24594175	6	31	theme	molecular	764:772	arg1	weight					774:779	low molecular weight	760:779	low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	760:800	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides were determined and analyzed for aminoacidic composition.
24594175	2	32	theme	microbial	394:402	arg1	cells					410:414	microbial whole cells	394:414	microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp	394:430	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	7	33	theme	additives	1062:1070	arg1	production					1037:1046	the production	1033:1046	the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides	1033:1115	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	7	34	used	used	1124:1127	arg2	exploitation					1016:1027	its exploitation	1012:1027	its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides	1012:1115	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	6	35	theme	low	760:762	arg1	weight					774:779	low molecular weight	760:779	low molecular weight antioxidant peptides	760:800	The sequences of low molecular weight antioxidant peptides were determined and analyzed for aminoacidic composition.
24594175	3	36	theme	antioxidant	475:485	arg1	activity					487:494	antioxidant activity	475:494	antioxidant activity	475:494	and the released peptides were tested for antioxidant activity.
24594175	7	37	theme	rich	1088:1091	arg1	additives					1062:1070	functional additives	1051:1070	functional additives	1051:1070	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	2	38	theme	proteolytic	336:346	arg1	Alcalase					357:364	Alcalase	357:364	Alcalase	357:364	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	2	38	theme	proteolytic	336:346	arg1	enzymes					348:354	commercial proteolytic enzymes	325:354	commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme)	325:388	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	5	39	theme	microbial	678:686	arg1	hydrolysis					688:697	microbial hydrolysis	678:697	microbial hydrolysis	678:697	Conversely, the antioxidant activity was higher in the samples obtained by microbial hydrolysis and particularly with Bacillus pumilus AG1.
24594175	1	40	theme	higher	131:136	arg1	capacity					150:157	higher antioxidant capacity	131:157	higher antioxidant capacity	131:157	Small peptides show higher antioxidant capacity than native proteins and may be absorbed in the intestine without further digestion.
24594175	7	41	theme	industrial	934:943	arg1	by-product					945:954	this industrial by-product	929:954	this industrial by-product	929:954	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	1	42	theme	further	225:231	arg1	digestion					233:241	further digestion	225:241	further digestion	225:241	Small peptides show higher antioxidant capacity than native proteins and may be absorbed in the intestine without further digestion.
24594175	7	43	theme	functional	1051:1060	arg1	additives					1062:1070	functional additives	1051:1070	functional additives	1051:1070	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	2	44	theme	rice	284:287	arg1	industry					296:303	rice starch industry	284:303	rice starch industry	284:303	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	1	45	theme	antioxidant	138:148	arg1	capacity					150:157	higher antioxidant capacity	131:157	higher antioxidant capacity	131:157	Small peptides show higher antioxidant capacity than native proteins and may be absorbed in the intestine without further digestion.
24594175	2	46	theme	commercial	325:334	arg1	Alcalase					357:364	Alcalase	357:364	Alcalase	357:364	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	2	46	theme	commercial	325:334	arg1	enzymes					348:354	commercial proteolytic enzymes	325:354	commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme)	325:388	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24594175	3	47	theme	released	441:448	arg1	peptides					450:457	the released peptides	437:457	the released peptides	437:457	and the released peptides were tested for antioxidant activity.
24594175	7	48	from	rich	1088:1091	arg1	peptides					1108:1115	antioxidant peptides	1096:1115	antioxidant peptides	1096:1115	The results obtained so far suggest that the hydrolytic treatment of this industrial by-product, with selected enzymes and microbial systems, can allow its exploitation for the production of functional additives and supplements rich in antioxidant peptides, to be used in new food formulas for human consumption.
24594175	0	49	theme	bioactive	61:69	arg1	peptides					71:78	bioactive peptides	61:78	bioactive peptides from rice	61:88	Exploitation of starch industry liquid by-product to produce bioactive peptides from rice hydrolyzed proteins.
24594175	2	50	from	industry	296:303	arg1	by-product					268:277	a protein by-product	258:277	a protein by-product from rice starch industry	258:303	In our study, a protein by-product from rice starch industry was hydrolyzed with commercial proteolytic enzymes (Alcalase, Neutrase, Flavourzyme) and microbial whole cells of Bacillus spp.
24377881	9	0	theme	compressive	1595:1605	arg1	%					1626:1626	up to 60%	1618:1626	up to 60%	1618:1626	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	9	0	theme	compressive	1595:1605	arg1	stiffness					1607:1615	the compressive stiffness	1591:1615	the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42	1591:1664	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	4	1	theme	mechanical	720:729	arg1	stiffness					731:739	the mechanical stiffness	716:739	the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	716:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	6	2	theme	constructs	1159:1168	arg1	stiffness					1133:1141	the compressive stiffness	1117:1141	the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	1117:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	2	3	theme	TE	282:283	arg1	studies					285:291	cartilage TE studies	272:291	cartilage TE studies	272:291	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	6	4	theme	cartilage	1146:1154	arg1	constructs					1159:1168	cartilage TE constructs	1146:1168	cartilage TE constructs	1146:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	2	5	theme	total	313:317	arg1	content					346:352	the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content	309:352	the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties	309:393	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	4	6	theme	variations	623:632	arg1	effects					603:609	possible effects	594:609	possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	594:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	7	from	variations	623:632	arg1	rates					707:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	7	from	variations	623:632	arg1	deposition					641:650	the deposition	637:650	the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates	637:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	9	8	theme	TE	1642:1643	arg1	constructs					1645:1654	cartilage TE constructs	1632:1654	cartilage TE constructs	1632:1654	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	5	9	theme	construct	810:818	arg1	Maturation					769:778	Maturation	769:778	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture	769:842	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	5	10	theme	culture	836:842	arg1	days					828:831	42 days	825:831	42 days of culture	825:842	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	4	11	theme	synthesis	697:705	arg1	rates					707:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	10	12	theme	experimental	1716:1727	arg1	observations					1729:1740	similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations	1690:1740	similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations	1690:1740	These findings clarify similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations.
24377881	11	13	theme	improved	1928:1935	arg1	properties					1950:1959	improved load-bearing properties	1928:1959	improved load-bearing properties	1928:1959	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	7	14	theme	restricted	1327:1336	arg1	swelling					1345:1352	restricted tissue swelling	1327:1352	restricted tissue swelling	1327:1352	When collagen deposition was first allowed in the constructs while the GAG deposition was delayed for the first 2 or 4 weeks, the collagen more effectively restricted tissue swelling later during the culture.
24377881	11	15	theme	load-bearing	1937:1948	arg1	properties					1950:1959	improved load-bearing properties	1928:1959	improved load-bearing properties	1928:1959	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	1	16	theme	load-bearing	141:152	arg1	capacity					154:161	the load-bearing capacity	137:161	the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage	137:197	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
24377881	6	17	theme	rate	1013:1016	arg1	effect					988:993	an effect	985:993	an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	985:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	18	from	effects	603:609	arg1	stiffness					731:739	the mechanical stiffness	716:739	the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	716:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	18	from	effects	603:609	arg1	deposition					641:650	the deposition	637:650	the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates	637:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	5	19	theme	finite	884:889	arg1	model					899:903	a composition-based finite element model	864:903	a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen	864:967	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	6	20	theme	GAG	998:1000	arg1	rate					1013:1016	GAG deposition rate	998:1016	GAG deposition rate	998:1016	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	21	theme	given	682:686	arg1	rates					707:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	0	22	theme	mechanical	68:77	arg1	properties					79:88	the mechanical properties	64:88	the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage	64:119	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	0	23	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	properties					79:88	the mechanical properties	64:88	the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage	64:119	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	4	24	theme	TE	754:755	arg1	constructs					757:766	cartilage TE constructs	744:766	cartilage TE constructs	744:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	9	25	dep	60	1624:1625	arg1	to					1621:1622	to	1621:1622	to	1621:1622	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	5	26	theme	collagen	960:967	arg1	deposition					938:947	the transient deposition	924:947	the transient deposition of GAG and collagen	924:967	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	3	27	theme	temporal	430:437	arg1	variations					439:448	temporal variations	430:448	temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture	430:500	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	0	28	theme	cartilage	111:119	arg1	properties					79:88	the mechanical properties	64:88	the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage	64:119	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	8	29	dep	48	1570:1571	arg1	to					1567:1568	to	1567:1568	to	1567:1568	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	6	30	theme	network	1060:1066	arg1	strain					1068:1073	the collagen network strain	1047:1073	the collagen network strain	1047:1073	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	8	31	theme	GAG	1494:1496	arg1	deposition					1498:1507	delayed GAG deposition	1486:1507	delayed GAG deposition	1486:1507	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	11	32	with	cartilage	1913:1921	arg1	properties					1950:1959	improved load-bearing properties	1928:1959	improved load-bearing properties	1928:1959	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	1	33	dep	tissue-engineered	166:182	arg1	TE					185:186	TE	185:186	TE	185:186	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
24377881	5	34	theme	TE	807:808	arg1	construct					810:818	a cylindrical cartilage TE construct	783:818	a cylindrical cartilage TE construct	783:818	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	4	35	theme	computational	535:547	arg1	approach					549:556	a computational approach	533:556	a computational approach	533:556	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	5	36	theme	GAG	952:954	arg1	deposition					938:947	the transient deposition	924:947	the transient deposition of GAG and collagen	924:967	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	5	37	theme	composition-based	866:882	arg1	model					899:903	a composition-based finite element model	864:903	a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen	864:967	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	8	38	theme	internal	1528:1535	arg1	%					1572:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	38	theme	internal	1528:1535	arg1	pressure					1554:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure	1519:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%)	1519:1573	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	6	39	theme	swelling	1025:1032	arg1	behavior					1034:1041	the swelling behavior	1021:1041	the swelling behavior	1021:1041	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	0	40	theme	deposition	26:35	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.	0:120	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	8	41	theme	swelling	1545:1552	arg1	%					1572:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	41	theme	swelling	1545:1552	arg1	pressure					1554:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure	1519:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%)	1519:1573	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	5	42	theme	cylindrical	785:795	arg1	construct					810:818	a cylindrical cartilage TE construct	783:818	a cylindrical cartilage TE construct	783:818	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	3	43	theme	ECM	472:474	arg1	components					476:485	ECM components	472:485	ECM components	472:485	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	4	44	from	rates	707:711	arg1	variations					623:632	temporal variations	614:632	temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates	614:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	44	from	rates	707:711	arg1	deposition					641:650	the deposition	637:650	the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates	637:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	1	45	theme	clinical	226:233	arg1	outcome					235:241	the clinical outcome	222:241	the clinical outcome of implantations	222:258	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
24377881	6	46	theme	significant	1094:1104	arg1	changes					1106:1112	significant changes	1094:1112	significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	1094:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	2	47	theme	implant	365:371	arg1	properties					384:393	implant mechanical properties	365:393	implant mechanical properties	365:393	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	9	48	from	day	1659:1661	arg1	%					1626:1626	up to 60%	1618:1626	up to 60%	1618:1626	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	9	48	from	day	1659:1661	arg1	stiffness					1607:1615	the compressive stiffness	1591:1615	the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42	1591:1664	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	3	49	from	variations	439:448	arg1	rate					464:467	deposition rate	453:467	deposition rate of ECM components during culture	453:500	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	11	50	theme	TE	1814:1815	arg1	constructs					1817:1826	cartilage TE constructs	1804:1826	cartilage TE constructs	1804:1826	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	4	51	theme	present	563:569	arg1	study					571:575	the present study	559:575	the present study	559:575	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	10	52	theme	similar	1690:1696	arg1	observations					1729:1740	similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations	1690:1740	similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations	1690:1740	These findings clarify similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations.
24377881	5	53	theme	element	891:897	arg1	model					899:903	a composition-based finite element model	864:903	a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen	864:967	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	0	54	theme	extracellular	40:52	arg1	matrix					54:59	extracellular matrix	40:59	extracellular matrix	40:59	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	6	55	theme	TE	1156:1157	arg1	constructs					1159:1168	cartilage TE constructs	1146:1168	cartilage TE constructs	1146:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	2	56	theme	extracellular	319:331	arg1	ECM					341:343	ECM	341:343	ECM	341:343	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	2	56	theme	extracellular	319:331	arg1	matrix					333:338	extracellular matrix	319:338	the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties	309:393	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	4	57	from	deposition	641:650	arg1	effects					603:609	possible effects	594:609	possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	594:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	1	58	theme	cartilage	189:197	arg1	capacity					154:161	the load-bearing capacity	137:161	the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage	137:197	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
24377881	4	59	theme	glycosaminoglycan	655:671	arg1	deposition					641:650	the deposition	637:650	the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates	637:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	10	60	theme	unexplained	1703:1713	arg1	observations					1729:1740	similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations	1690:1740	similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations	1690:1740	These findings clarify similar, yet unexplained, experimental observations.
24377881	9	61	theme	cartilage	1632:1640	arg1	constructs					1645:1654	cartilage TE constructs	1632:1654	cartilage TE constructs	1632:1654	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	8	62	theme	ECM	1423:1425	arg1	identical					1441:1449	identical	1441:1449	identical	1441:1449	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	62	theme	ECM	1423:1425	arg1	ECM					1423:1425	ECM	1423:1425	ECM	1423:1425	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	62	theme	ECM	1423:1425	arg1	amount					1413:1418	the ultimate amount	1400:1418	the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42	1400:1435	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	6	63	theme	compressive	1121:1131	arg1	stiffness					1133:1141	the compressive stiffness	1117:1141	the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	1117:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	4	64	theme	temporal	614:621	arg1	variations					623:632	temporal variations	614:632	temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates	614:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	9	65	theme	constructs	1645:1654	arg1	%					1626:1626	up to 60%	1618:1626	up to 60%	1618:1626	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	9	65	theme	constructs	1645:1654	arg1	stiffness					1607:1615	the compressive stiffness	1591:1615	the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42	1591:1664	This increased the compressive stiffness (up to 60%) of cartilage TE constructs at day 42.
24377881	3	66	contain	have	511:514	arg2	effect					519:524	an effect	516:524	an effect	516:524	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	3	66	contain	have	511:514	arg1	variations					439:448	temporal variations	430:448	temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture	430:500	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	4	67	theme	collagen	688:695	arg1	rates					707:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	given collagen synthesis rates	682:711	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	11	68	theme	further	1756:1762	arg1	insights					1764:1771	further insights	1756:1771	further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs	1756:1826	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	2	69	theme	cartilage	272:280	arg1	studies					285:291	cartilage TE studies	272:291	cartilage TE studies	272:291	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	7	70	theme	tissue	1338:1343	arg1	swelling					1345:1352	restricted tissue swelling	1327:1352	restricted tissue swelling	1327:1352	When collagen deposition was first allowed in the constructs while the GAG deposition was delayed for the first 2 or 4 weeks, the collagen more effectively restricted tissue swelling later during the culture.
24377881	11	71	theme	mechanical	1778:1787	arg1	effects					1789:1795	mechanical effects	1778:1795	mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs	1778:1826	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	8	72	from	day	1430:1432	arg1	identical					1441:1449	identical	1441:1449	identical	1441:1449	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	72	from	day	1430:1432	arg1	ECM					1423:1425	ECM	1423:1425	ECM	1423:1425	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	72	from	day	1430:1432	arg1	amount					1413:1418	the ultimate amount	1400:1418	the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42	1400:1435	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	1	73	theme	capacity	154:161	arg1	Enhancement					122:132	Enhancement	122:132	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage	122:197	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
24377881	6	74	theme	deposition	1002:1011	arg1	rate					1013:1016	GAG deposition rate	998:1016	GAG deposition rate	998:1016	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	8	75	contain	contained	1509:1517	arg2	pressure					1554:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure	1519:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%)	1519:1573	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	75	contain	contained	1509:1517	arg1	those					1475:1479	those	1475:1479	those	1475:1479	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	75	contain	contained	1509:1517	arg2	%					1572:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	1	76	theme	tissue-engineered	166:182	arg1	cartilage					189:197	tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage	166:197	tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage	166:197	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
24377881	0	77	theme	tissue-engineered	93:109	arg1	cartilage					111:119	tissue-engineered cartilage	93:119	tissue-engineered cartilage	93:119	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	8	78	theme	delayed	1486:1492	arg1	deposition					1498:1507	delayed GAG deposition	1486:1507	delayed GAG deposition	1486:1507	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	4	79	theme	cartilage	744:752	arg1	constructs					757:766	cartilage TE constructs	744:766	cartilage TE constructs	744:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	3	80	theme	components	476:485	arg1	rate					464:467	deposition rate	453:467	deposition rate of ECM components during culture	453:500	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	7	81	theme	collagen	1176:1183	arg1	deposition					1185:1194	collagen deposition	1176:1194	collagen deposition	1176:1194	When collagen deposition was first allowed in the constructs while the GAG deposition was delayed for the first 2 or 4 weeks, the collagen more effectively restricted tissue swelling later during the culture.
24377881	4	82	theme	constructs	757:766	arg1	stiffness					731:739	the mechanical stiffness	716:739	the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	716:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	5	83	theme	cartilage	797:805	arg1	construct					810:818	a cylindrical cartilage TE construct	783:818	a cylindrical cartilage TE construct	783:818	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	5	84	theme	transient	928:936	arg1	deposition					938:947	the transient deposition	924:947	the transient deposition of GAG and collagen	924:967	Maturation of a cylindrical cartilage TE construct over 42 days of culture was simulated using a composition-based finite element model that accounted for the transient deposition of GAG and collagen.
24377881	6	85	theme	collagen	1051:1058	arg1	strain					1068:1073	the collagen network strain	1047:1073	the collagen network strain	1047:1073	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	8	86	theme	elevated	1519:1526	arg1	%					1572:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	86	theme	elevated	1519:1526	arg1	pressure					1554:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure	1519:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%)	1519:1573	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	6	87	from	effect	988:993	arg1	behavior					1034:1041	the swelling behavior	1021:1041	the swelling behavior	1021:1041	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	6	87	from	effect	988:993	arg1	strain					1068:1073	the collagen network strain	1047:1073	the collagen network strain	1047:1073	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	2	88	theme	mechanical	373:382	arg1	properties					384:393	implant mechanical properties	365:393	implant mechanical properties	365:393	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	0	89	theme	temporal	17:24	arg1	deposition					26:35	the temporal deposition	13:35	the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix	13:59	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	8	90	theme	osmotic	1537:1543	arg1	%					1572:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	up to 48%	1564:1572	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	90	theme	osmotic	1537:1543	arg1	pressure					1554:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure	1519:1561	elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%)	1519:1573	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	11	91	theme	culture	1878:1884	arg1	regimes					1886:1892	culture regimes	1878:1892	culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties	1878:1959	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	7	92	theme	first	1277:1281	arg1	weeks					1290:1294	the first 2 or 4 weeks	1273:1294	the first 2 or 4 weeks	1273:1294	When collagen deposition was first allowed in the constructs while the GAG deposition was delayed for the first 2 or 4 weeks, the collagen more effectively restricted tissue swelling later during the culture.
24377881	6	93	from	changes	1106:1112	arg1	stiffness					1133:1141	the compressive stiffness	1117:1141	the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	1117:1168	Results showed an effect of GAG deposition rate on the swelling behavior and the collagen network strain, which resulted in significant changes in the compressive stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	3	94	theme	deposition	453:462	arg1	rate					464:467	deposition rate	453:467	deposition rate of ECM components during culture	453:500	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	0	95	theme	matrix	54:59	arg1	deposition					26:35	the temporal deposition	13:35	the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix	13:59	Influence of the temporal deposition of extracellular matrix on the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage.
24377881	3	96	theme	ECM	408:410	arg1	content					412:418	the ECM content	404:418	the ECM content	404:418	Besides the ECM content, however, temporal variations in deposition rate of ECM components during culture may also have an effect.
24377881	11	97	theme	cartilage	1804:1812	arg1	constructs					1817:1826	cartilage TE constructs	1804:1826	cartilage TE constructs	1804:1826	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	11	98	theme	TE	1910:1911	arg1	cartilage					1913:1921	TE cartilage	1910:1921	TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties	1910:1959	By providing further insights into mechanical effects inside cartilage TE constructs, these analyses are expected to help in designing culture regimes for engineering TE cartilage with improved load-bearing properties.
24377881	4	99	theme	possible	594:601	arg1	effects					603:609	possible effects	594:609	possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs	594:766	Using a computational approach, the present study aims to quantify possible effects of temporal variations in the deposition of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) at given collagen synthesis rates on the mechanical stiffness of cartilage TE constructs.
24377881	2	100	theme	matrix	333:338	arg1	content					346:352	the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content	309:352	the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties	309:393	Generally, cartilage TE studies aim to increase the total extracellular matrix (ECM) content to improve implant mechanical properties.
24377881	7	101	theme	GAG	1242:1244	arg1	deposition					1246:1255	the GAG deposition	1238:1255	the GAG deposition	1238:1255	When collagen deposition was first allowed in the constructs while the GAG deposition was delayed for the first 2 or 4 weeks, the collagen more effectively restricted tissue swelling later during the culture.
24377881	8	102	theme	ultimate	1404:1411	arg1	identical					1441:1449	identical	1441:1449	identical	1441:1449	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	102	theme	ultimate	1404:1411	arg1	ECM					1423:1425	ECM	1423:1425	ECM	1423:1425	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	8	102	theme	ultimate	1404:1411	arg1	amount					1413:1418	the ultimate amount	1400:1418	the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42	1400:1435	Consequently, while the ultimate amount of ECM at day 42 was identical between the constructs, those with delayed GAG deposition contained elevated internal osmotic swelling pressure (up to 48%).
24377881	1	103	theme	implantations	246:258	arg1	outcome					235:241	the clinical outcome	222:241	the clinical outcome of implantations	222:258	Enhancement of the load-bearing capacity of tissue-engineered (TE) cartilage is expected to improve the clinical outcome of implantations.
28155509	6	0	theme	-44.8 ± 5.24 mV	1307:1321	arg1	size					1224:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	0	theme	-44.8 ± 5.24 mV	1307:1321	arg1	index					1245:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	0	theme	-44.8 ± 5.24 mV	1307:1321	arg1	potential					1260:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	1	1	theme	hyaluronic	271:280	arg1	acid					282:285	hyaluronic acid	271:285	hyaluronic acid	271:285	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	4	2	theme	intracellular	904:916	arg1	levels					922:927	intracellular ROS levels	904:927	intracellular ROS levels	904:927	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	6	3	theme	0.245 ± 0.069	1289:1301	arg1	size					1224:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	3	theme	0.245 ± 0.069	1289:1301	arg1	index					1245:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	3	theme	0.245 ± 0.069	1289:1301	arg1	potential					1260:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	4	4	theme	Cell	868:871	arg1	viability					873:881	Cell viability	868:881	Cell viability	868:881	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	6	5	theme	optimized	1174:1182	arg1	formulation					1197:1207	The optimized transfersome formulation	1170:1207	The optimized transfersome formulation	1170:1207	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	6	theme	101.2 ± 6.0 nm	1273:1286	arg1	size					1224:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	6	theme	101.2 ± 6.0 nm	1273:1286	arg1	index					1245:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	6	6	theme	101.2 ± 6.0 nm	1273:1286	arg1	potential					1260:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	0	7	theme	Skin	0:3	arg1	delivery					5:12	Skin delivery	0:12	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation	0:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	1	8	theme	present	177:183	arg1	work					185:188	The present work	173:188	The present work	173:188	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	11	9	theme	potential	1838:1846	arg1	application					1848:1858	the potential application	1834:1858	the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions	1834:1916	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	4	10	theme	MMPs	947:950	arg1	viability					873:881	Cell viability	868:881	Cell viability	868:881	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	10	theme	MMPs	947:950	arg1	peroxidation					890:901	lipid peroxidation	884:901	lipid peroxidation	884:901	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	10	theme	MMPs	947:950	arg1	expression					933:942	expression	933:942	expression of MMPs	933:950	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	10	theme	MMPs	947:950	arg1	levels					922:927	intracellular ROS levels	904:927	intracellular ROS levels	904:927	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	3	11	theme	X-ray	776:780	arg1	XRD					795:797	XRD	795:797	XRD	795:797	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	11	theme	X-ray	776:780	arg1	Diffraction					782:792	X-ray Diffraction	776:792	X-ray Diffraction (XRD)	776:798	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	9	12	theme	optimized	1494:1502	arg1	transfersomes					1504:1516	The optimized transfersomes	1490:1516	The optimized transfersomes	1490:1516	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	6	13	theme	zeta	1255:1258	arg1	potential					1260:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	zeta potential	1255:1268	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	11	14	theme	radiation-protection	1940:1959	arg1	improvement					1922:1932	improvement	1922:1932	improvement of UV radiation-protection	1922:1959	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	3	15	theme	in	801:802	arg1	activity					822:829	in vitro antioxidant activity	801:829	in vitro antioxidant activity	801:829	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	0	16	theme	UV	139:140	arg1	radiation					142:150	UV radiation	139:150	UV radiation	139:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	1	17	contain	containing	251:260	arg2	acid					282:285	hyaluronic acid	271:285	hyaluronic acid	271:285	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	1	17	contain	containing	251:260	arg2	EGCG					262:265	EGCG	262:265	EGCG	262:265	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	1	17	contain	containing	251:260	arg1	transfersomes					237:249	transfersomes	237:249	transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds	237:352	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	7	18	theme	selected	1394:1401	arg1	excipients					1403:1412	the selected excipients	1390:1412	the selected excipients	1390:1412	FTIR and DSC showed no interaction between EGCG and the selected excipients.
28155509	3	19	theme	zeta	636:639	arg1	potential					641:649	zeta potential	636:649	zeta potential	636:649	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	19	theme	zeta	636:639	arg1	size					608:611	size	608:611	size	608:611	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	5	20	theme	transfersomes	1043:1055	arg1	composition					1024:1034	The composition	1020:1034	The composition of the transfersomes	1020:1055	The composition of the transfersomes was statistically optimized by Design of Experiments using Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels.
28155509	2	21	theme	high-pressure	538:550	arg1	homogenization					552:565	high-pressure homogenization	538:565	high-pressure homogenization	538:565	Transfersomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique, using soy phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate, combined with high-pressure homogenization.
28155509	6	22	theme	vesicle	1216:1222	arg1	size					1224:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	vesicle size	1216:1227	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	3	23	theme	antioxidant	810:820	arg1	activity					822:829	in vitro antioxidant activity	801:829	in vitro antioxidant activity	801:829	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	0	24	theme	hyaluronic	55:64	arg1	acid					66:69	hyaluronic acid	55:69	hyaluronic acid	55:69	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	11	25	dep	underline	1824:1832	arg1	deriving					1972:1979	deriving	1972:1979	deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects	1972:2014	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	4	26	theme	keratinocyte	987:998	arg1	HaCaT					1012:1016	HaCaT	1012:1016	HaCaT	1012:1016	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	26	theme	keratinocyte	987:998	arg1	lines					1005:1009	human keratinocyte cell lines	981:1009	human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT)	981:1017	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	3	27	theme	permeation	848:857	arg1	studies					859:865	ex vivo skin permeation studies	835:865	ex vivo skin permeation studies	835:865	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	0	28	theme	loaded	71:76	arg1	nano-transfersomes					78:95	loaded nano-transfersomes	71:95	loaded nano-transfersomes	71:95	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	1	29	theme	antioxidant	376:386	arg1	effects					403:409	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	376:409	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	376:409	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	9	30	theme	lipid	1575:1579	arg1	peroxidation					1581:1592	the lipid peroxidation	1571:1592	the lipid peroxidation	1571:1592	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	10	31	theme	EGCG	1695:1698	arg1	formulation					1680:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation	1652:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA	1652:1705	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	1	32	theme	anti-aging	392:401	arg1	effects					403:409	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	376:409	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	376:409	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	2	33	theme	soy	480:482	arg1	phosphatidylcholine					484:502	soy phosphatidylcholine	480:502	soy phosphatidylcholine	480:502	Transfersomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique, using soy phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate, combined with high-pressure homogenization.
28155509	1	34	dep	develop	202:208	arg1	imparting					366:374	imparting	366:374	imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects	366:409	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	4	35	dep	viability	873:881	arg1	9					959:959	9	959:959	9	959:959	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	35	dep	viability	873:881	arg1	2					953:953	2	953:953	2	953:953	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	8	36	theme	XRD	1415:1417	arg1	results					1419:1425	XRD results	1415:1425	XRD results	1415:1425	XRD results revealed no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form.
28155509	2	37	theme	hydration	453:461	arg1	technique					463:471	thin film hydration technique	443:471	thin film hydration technique	443:471	Transfersomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique, using soy phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate, combined with high-pressure homogenization.
28155509	1	38	theme	UV	304:305	arg1	ability					328:334	the UV radiation-protective ability	300:334	the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds	300:352	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	3	39	theme	Infrared	705:712	arg1	FTIR					728:731	FTIR	728:731	FTIR	728:731	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	39	theme	Infrared	705:712	arg1	Spectroscopy					714:725	Infrared Spectroscopy	705:725	Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)	705:732	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	2	40	theme	thin	443:446	arg1	technique					463:471	thin film hydration technique	443:471	thin film hydration technique	443:471	Transfersomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique, using soy phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate, combined with high-pressure homogenization.
28155509	2	41	theme	sodium	508:513	arg1	cholate					515:521	sodium cholate	508:521	sodium cholate	508:521	Transfersomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique, using soy phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate, combined with high-pressure homogenization.
28155509	9	42	theme	MMPs	1631:1634	arg1	ROS					1609:1611	intracellular ROS	1595:1611	intracellular ROS	1595:1611	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	9	42	theme	MMPs	1631:1634	arg1	expression					1617:1626	expression	1617:1626	expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells	1617:1649	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	8	43	theme	form	1439:1442	arg1	conversion					1444:1453	no form conversion	1436:1453	no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form	1436:1487	XRD results revealed no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form.
28155509	9	44	theme	HaCaT	1639:1643	arg1	cells					1645:1649	HaCaT cells	1639:1649	HaCaT cells	1639:1649	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	10	45	theme	skin	1737:1740	arg1	permeation					1742:1751	considerably higher skin permeation	1717:1751	considerably higher skin permeation	1717:1751	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	11	46	theme	UV	1937:1938	arg1	radiation-protection					1940:1959	UV radiation-protection	1937:1959	UV radiation-protection	1937:1959	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	0	47	from	effects	128:134	arg1	radiation					142:150	UV radiation	139:150	UV radiation	139:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	4	48	theme	lipid	884:888	arg1	peroxidation					890:901	lipid peroxidation	884:901	lipid peroxidation	884:901	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	3	49	theme	Differential	735:746	arg1	DSC					770:772	DSC	770:772	DSC	770:772	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	49	theme	Differential	735:746	arg1	Calorimetry					757:767	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	735:767	Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)	735:773	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	10	50	theme	plain	1800:1804	arg1	EGCG					1806:1809	plain EGCG	1800:1809	plain EGCG	1800:1809	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	6	51	theme	transfersome	1184:1195	arg1	formulation					1197:1207	The optimized transfersome formulation	1170:1207	The optimized transfersome formulation	1170:1207	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	10	52	theme	HA	1704:1705	arg1	formulation					1680:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation	1652:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA	1652:1705	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	3	53	theme	polydispersity	614:627	arg1	size					608:611	size	608:611	size	608:611	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	53	theme	polydispersity	614:627	arg1	index					629:633	polydispersity index	614:633	polydispersity index	614:633	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	11	54	from	application	1848:1858	arg1	cream/lotions					1904:1916	sunscreen cream/lotions	1894:1916	sunscreen cream/lotions	1894:1916	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	10	55	theme	higher	1730:1735	arg1	permeation					1742:1751	considerably higher skin permeation	1717:1751	considerably higher skin permeation	1717:1751	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	8	56	theme	transfersomal	1470:1482	arg1	form					1484:1487	its transfersomal form	1466:1487	its transfersomal form	1466:1487	XRD results revealed no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form.
28155509	10	57	theme	optimized	1656:1664	arg1	formulation					1680:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation	1652:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA	1652:1705	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	8	58	from	conversion	1444:1453	arg1	form					1484:1487	its transfersomal form	1466:1487	its transfersomal form	1466:1487	XRD results revealed no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form.
28155509	11	59	theme	transfersomes	1877:1889	arg1	application					1848:1858	the potential application	1834:1858	the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions	1834:1916	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	0	60	theme	skin	160:163	arg1	damage					165:170	skin damage	160:170	skin damage	160:170	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	3	61	dep	ex	835:836	arg1	vivo					838:841	vivo	838:841	vivo	838:841	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	4	62	theme	ROS	918:920	arg1	levels					922:927	intracellular ROS levels	904:927	intracellular ROS levels	904:927	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	6	63	theme	polydispersity	1230:1243	arg1	index					1245:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	polydispersity index	1230:1249	The optimized transfersome formulation showed vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 101.2 ± 6.0 nm, 0.245 ± 0.069 and -44.8 ± 5.24 mV, respectively.
28155509	3	64	theme	entrapment	664:673	arg1	size					608:611	size	608:611	size	608:611	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	64	theme	entrapment	664:673	arg1	efficiency					675:684	entrapment efficiency	664:684	entrapment efficiency	664:684	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	9	65	from	expression	1617:1626	arg1	cells					1645:1649	HaCaT cells	1639:1649	HaCaT cells	1639:1649	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	3	66	theme	ex	835:836	arg1	studies					859:865	ex vivo skin permeation studies	835:865	ex vivo skin permeation studies	835:865	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	0	67	theme	acid	66:69	arg1	delivery					5:12	Skin delivery	0:12	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation	0:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	9	68	theme	cell	1545:1548	arg1	viability					1550:1558	the cell viability	1541:1558	the cell viability	1541:1558	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	9	69	from	ROS	1609:1611	arg1	cells					1645:1649	HaCaT cells	1639:1649	HaCaT cells	1639:1649	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	4	70	theme	human	981:985	arg1	HaCaT					1012:1016	HaCaT	1012:1016	HaCaT	1012:1016	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	70	theme	human	981:985	arg1	lines					1005:1009	human keratinocyte cell lines	981:1009	human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT)	981:1017	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	5	71	with	design	1128:1133	arg1	factors					1145:1151	four factors	1140:1151	four factors	1140:1151	The composition of the transfersomes was statistically optimized by Design of Experiments using Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels.
28155509	0	72	theme	antioxidant	101:111	arg1	effects					128:134	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	101:134	antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation	101:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	3	73	theme	skin	843:846	arg1	studies					859:865	ex vivo skin permeation studies	835:865	ex vivo skin permeation studies	835:865	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	0	74	theme	anti-aging	117:126	arg1	effects					128:134	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	101:134	antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation	101:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	5	75	theme	Experiments	1098:1108	arg1	Design					1088:1093	Design	1088:1093	Design of Experiments using Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels	1088:1167	The composition of the transfersomes was statistically optimized by Design of Experiments using Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels.
28155509	11	76	theme	antioxidant	1981:1991	arg1	effects					2008:2014	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	1981:2014	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	1981:2014	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	5	77	theme	Box-Behnken	1116:1126	arg1	design					1128:1133	Box-Behnken design	1116:1133	Box-Behnken design with four factors	1116:1151	The composition of the transfersomes was statistically optimized by Design of Experiments using Box-Behnken design with four factors at three levels.
28155509	9	78	theme	intracellular	1595:1607	arg1	ROS					1609:1611	intracellular ROS	1595:1611	intracellular ROS	1595:1611	The optimized transfersomes were found to increase the cell viability and reduce the lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and expression of MMPs in HaCaT cells.
28155509	10	79	theme	transfersomal	1666:1678	arg1	formulation					1680:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation	1652:1690	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA	1652:1705	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	0	80	theme	epigallocatechin-3-gallate	17:42	arg1	delivery					5:12	Skin delivery	0:12	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation	0:150	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	2	81	theme	film	448:451	arg1	technique					463:471	thin film hydration technique	443:471	thin film hydration technique	443:471	Transfersomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique, using soy phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate, combined with high-pressure homogenization.
28155509	1	82	theme	radiation-protective	307:326	arg1	ability					328:334	the UV radiation-protective ability	300:334	the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds	300:352	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	4	83	theme	cell	1000:1003	arg1	HaCaT					1012:1016	HaCaT	1012:1016	HaCaT	1012:1016	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	4	83	theme	cell	1000:1003	arg1	lines					1005:1009	human keratinocyte cell lines	981:1009	human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT)	981:1017	Cell viability, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS levels and expression of MMPs (2 and 9) were determined in human keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT).
28155509	11	84	theme	anti-aging	1997:2006	arg1	effects					2008:2014	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	1981:2014	antioxidant and anti-aging effects	1981:2014	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	11	85	theme	developed	1867:1875	arg1	transfersomes					1877:1889	the developed transfersomes	1863:1889	the developed transfersomes	1863:1889	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	3	86	dep	in	801:802	arg1	vitro					804:808	vitro	804:808	vitro	804:808	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	1	87	theme	compounds	344:352	arg1	ability					328:334	the UV radiation-protective ability	300:334	the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds	300:352	The present work attempts to develop and statistically optimize transfersomes containing EGCG and hyaluronic acid to synergize the UV radiation-protective ability of both compounds, along with imparting antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	0	88	dep	epigallocatechin-3-gallate	17:42	arg1	nano-transfersomes					78:95	loaded nano-transfersomes	71:95	loaded nano-transfersomes	71:95	Skin delivery of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and hyaluronic acid loaded nano-transfersomes for antioxidant and anti-aging effects in UV radiation induced skin damage.
28155509	11	89	theme	sunscreen	1894:1902	arg1	cream/lotions					1904:1916	sunscreen cream/lotions	1894:1916	sunscreen cream/lotions	1894:1916	The results underline the potential application of the developed transfersomes in sunscreen cream/lotions for improvement of UV radiation-protection along with deriving antioxidant and anti-aging effects.
28155509	3	90	dep	Fourier	687:693	arg1	Transform					695:703	Transform	695:703	Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies	695:865	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	91	theme	Scanning	748:755	arg1	DSC					770:772	DSC	770:772	DSC	770:772	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	3	91	theme	Scanning	748:755	arg1	Calorimetry					757:767	Differential Scanning Calorimetry	735:767	Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)	735:773	They were characterized with respect to size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), in vitro antioxidant activity and ex vivo skin permeation studies.
28155509	8	92	theme	EGCG	1458:1461	arg1	conversion					1444:1453	no form conversion	1436:1453	no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form	1436:1487	XRD results revealed no form conversion of EGCG in its transfersomal form.
28155509	10	93	theme	EGCG	1771:1774	arg1	permeation					1742:1751	considerably higher skin permeation	1717:1751	considerably higher skin permeation	1717:1751	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
28155509	10	93	theme	EGCG	1771:1774	arg1	deposition					1757:1766	deposition	1757:1766	deposition of EGCG	1757:1774	The optimized transfersomal formulation of EGCG and HA exhibited considerably higher skin permeation and deposition of EGCG than that observed with plain EGCG.
24738380	6	0	theme	synthesis	930:938	arg1	method					920:925	the simple and economic method	896:925	the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study	896:960	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	5	1	from	concentration	700:712	arg1	exposure					622:629	The exposure	618:629	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml)	618:727	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	6	2	theme	economic	911:918	arg1	method					920:925	the simple and economic method	896:925	the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study	896:960	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	5	3	theme	cell	777:780	arg1	death					782:786	cell death	777:786	cell death	777:786	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	2	4	theme	temperature	348:358	arg1	percent					316:322	weight percent	309:322	weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature	309:358	The size of nanoparticles formed was governed by ionic diffusion and affected by weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature.
24738380	6	5	from	gel	1000:1002	arg1	separation					963:972	separation	963:972	separation of nanoparticles from the gel	963:1002	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	4	6	theme	applications	604:615	arg1	range					584:588	broad range	578:588	broad range of industrial applications	578:615	Purity of nanoparticles as small as 37 nm demonstrates their suitability for broad range of industrial applications.
24738380	5	7	from	applications	831:842	arg1	field					851:855	the field	847:855	the field of biotechnology and medicine	847:885	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	4	8	theme	industrial	593:602	arg1	applications					604:615	industrial applications	593:615	industrial applications	593:615	Purity of nanoparticles as small as 37 nm demonstrates their suitability for broad range of industrial applications.
24738380	5	9	theme	rat	634:636	arg1	cells					654:658	rat lung epithelial cells	634:658	rat lung epithelial cells	634:658	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	2	10	theme	ionic	277:281	arg1	diffusion					283:291	ionic diffusion	277:291	ionic diffusion	277:291	The size of nanoparticles formed was governed by ionic diffusion and affected by weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature.
24738380	3	11	theme	synthesized	419:429	arg1	nanoparticles					431:443	the synthesized nanoparticles	415:443	the synthesized nanoparticles	415:443	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	5	12	theme	considerable	744:755	arg1	stress					767:772	considerable oxidative stress	744:772	considerable oxidative stress	744:772	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	6	13	theme	simple	900:905	arg1	method					920:925	the simple and economic method	896:925	the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study	896:960	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	5	14	theme	lung	638:641	arg1	cells					654:658	rat lung epithelial cells	634:658	rat lung epithelial cells	634:658	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	5	15	theme	potential	821:829	arg1	applications					831:842	potential applications	821:842	potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine	821:885	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	3	16	theme	nanoparticles	431:443	arg1	composition					386:396	composition	386:396	composition	386:396	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	3	16	theme	nanoparticles	431:443	arg1	allotropy					402:410	allotropy	402:410	allotropy	402:410	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	3	16	theme	nanoparticles	431:443	arg1	purity					378:383	purity	378:383	purity	378:383	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	3	16	theme	nanoparticles	431:443	arg1	shape					371:375	shape	371:375	shape	371:375	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	3	16	theme	nanoparticles	431:443	arg1	size					365:368	size	365:368	size	365:368	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	5	17	theme	epithelial	643:652	arg1	cells					654:658	rat lung epithelial cells	634:658	rat lung epithelial cells	634:658	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	0	18	theme	Agarose	0:6	arg1	gel					8:10	Agarose gel	0:10	Agarose gel	0:10	Agarose gel tailored calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation.
24738380	5	19	theme	cells	654:658	arg1	exposure					622:629	The exposure	618:629	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml)	618:727	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	2	20	theme	weight	309:314	arg1	percent					316:322	weight percent	309:322	weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature	309:358	The size of nanoparticles formed was governed by ionic diffusion and affected by weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature.
24738380	1	21	theme	agarose	197:203	arg1	gel					205:207	agarose gel	197:207	agarose gel	197:207	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
24738380	0	22	theme	calcium	21:27	arg1	carbonate					29:37	calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation	21:93	calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation	21:93	Agarose gel tailored calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation.
24738380	6	23	theme	particle	1071:1078	arg1	size					1080:1083	the particle size	1067:1083	the particle size	1067:1083	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	4	24	theme	broad	578:582	arg1	range					584:588	broad range	578:588	broad range of industrial applications	578:615	Purity of nanoparticles as small as 37 nm demonstrates their suitability for broad range of industrial applications.
24738380	1	25	theme	novel	113:117	arg1	approach					119:126	a novel approach	111:126	a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles	111:172	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
24738380	1	25	theme	novel	113:117	arg1	medium					220:225	polymer medium	212:225	polymer medium	212:225	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
24738380	3	26	theme	different	462:470	arg1	techniques					489:498	different characterization techniques	462:498	different characterization techniques	462:498	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	1	27	theme	polymer	212:218	arg1	approach					119:126	a novel approach	111:126	a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles	111:172	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
24738380	1	27	theme	polymer	212:218	arg1	medium					220:225	polymer medium	212:225	polymer medium	212:225	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
24738380	5	28	theme	biotechnology	860:872	arg1	field					851:855	the field	847:855	the field of biotechnology and medicine	847:885	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	6	29	theme	nanoparticles	977:989	arg1	separation					963:972	separation	963:972	separation of nanoparticles from the gel	963:1002	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	0	30	dep	nanoparticles-synthesis	39:61	arg1	evaluation					84:93	evaluation	84:93	evaluation	84:93	Agarose gel tailored calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation.
24738380	2	31	theme	reaction	339:346	arg1	temperature					348:358	reaction temperature	339:358	reaction temperature	339:358	The size of nanoparticles formed was governed by ionic diffusion and affected by weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature.
24738380	0	32	dep	carbonate	29:37	arg1	nanoparticles-synthesis					39:61	nanoparticles-synthesis	39:61	nanoparticles-synthesis	39:61	Agarose gel tailored calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation.
24738380	0	32	dep	carbonate	29:37	arg1	biocompatibility					67:82	biocompatibility	67:82	biocompatibility	67:82	Agarose gel tailored calcium carbonate nanoparticles-synthesis and biocompatibility evaluation.
24738380	5	33	theme	higher	693:698	arg1	concentration					700:712	a higher concentration	691:712	a higher concentration (50 microg/ml)	691:727	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	5	33	theme	higher	693:698	arg1	microg/ml					718:726	50 microg/ml	715:726	50 microg/ml	715:726	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	6	34	theme	process	1018:1024	arg1	parameters					1026:1035	process parameters	1018:1035	process parameters	1018:1035	Through the simple and economic method of synthesis adopted in this study, separation of nanoparticles from the gel was easy, and process parameters could be optimized to control the particle size.
24738380	2	35	theme	agarose	327:333	arg1	percent					316:322	weight percent	309:322	weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature	309:358	The size of nanoparticles formed was governed by ionic diffusion and affected by weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature.
24738380	3	36	theme	characterization	472:487	arg1	techniques					489:498	different characterization techniques	462:498	different characterization techniques	462:498	The size, shape, purity, composition and allotropy of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by different characterization techniques.
24738380	5	37	theme	oxidative	757:765	arg1	stress					767:772	considerable oxidative stress	744:772	considerable oxidative stress	744:772	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	1	38	theme	calcium	142:148	arg1	nanoparticles					160:172	the calcium carbonate nanoparticles	138:172	the calcium carbonate nanoparticles	138:172	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
24738380	5	39	theme	medicine	878:885	arg1	field					851:855	the field	847:855	the field of biotechnology and medicine	847:885	The exposure of rat lung epithelial cells to these nanoparticles even at a higher concentration (50 microg/ml) did not induce considerable oxidative stress or cell death authenticating their fidelity to potential applications in the field of biotechnology and medicine.
24738380	4	40	theme	nanoparticles	511:523	arg1	Purity					501:506	Purity	501:506	Purity of nanoparticles as small as 37 nm	501:541	Purity of nanoparticles as small as 37 nm demonstrates their suitability for broad range of industrial applications.
24738380	2	41	theme	nanoparticles	240:252	arg1	size					232:235	The size	228:235	The size of nanoparticles formed	228:259	The size of nanoparticles formed was governed by ionic diffusion and affected by weight percent of agarose and reaction temperature.
24738380	1	42	theme	carbonate	150:158	arg1	nanoparticles					160:172	the calcium carbonate nanoparticles	138:172	the calcium carbonate nanoparticles	138:172	In this study, a novel approach to tailor the calcium carbonate nanoparticles was exploited based on agarose gel as polymer medium.
26527705	1	0	from	bursa	382:386	arg1	ileum					352:356	the ileum	348:356	the ileum	348:356	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	11	1	from	increase	1655:1662	arg1	ileum					1684:1688	ileum	1684:1688	ileum	1684:1688	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	11	1	from	increase	1655:1662	arg1	number					1674:1679	T-cell number	1667:1679	T-cell number	1667:1679	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	1	2	theme	Fabricius	391:399	arg1	distribution					332:343	distribution	332:343	distribution	332:343	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	2	theme	Fabricius	391:399	arg1	bursa					382:386	bursa	382:386	bursa	382:386	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	2	theme	Fabricius	391:399	arg1	composition					316:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	2	theme	Fabricius	391:399	arg1	tonsils					365:371	cecal tonsils	359:371	cecal tonsils (CT)	359:376	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	2	theme	Fabricius	391:399	arg1	CT					374:375	CT	374:375	CT	374:375	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	9	3	from	d	1250:1250	arg1	decrease					1212:1219	The temporary decrease	1198:1219	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch	1198:1264	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	9	4	theme	colonization	1289:1300	arg1	rate					1302:1305	an increased colonization rate	1276:1305	an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells	1276:1354	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	10	5	theme	synbiotic	1496:1504	arg1	groups					1514:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	1	6	theme	broilers	404:411	arg1	distribution					332:343	distribution	332:343	distribution	332:343	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	6	theme	broilers	404:411	arg1	bursa					382:386	bursa	382:386	bursa	382:386	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	6	theme	broilers	404:411	arg1	composition					316:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	6	theme	broilers	404:411	arg1	tonsils					365:371	cecal tonsils	359:371	cecal tonsils (CT)	359:376	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	6	theme	broilers	404:411	arg1	CT					374:375	CT	374:375	CT	374:375	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	11	7	theme	faster	1712:1717	arg1	colonization					1719:1730	faster colonization	1712:1730	faster colonization of the CT by B cells	1712:1751	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	1	8	theme	study	167:171	arg1	purpose					151:157	The purpose	147:157	The purpose of this study	147:171	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	4	9	theme	Bi	682:683	arg1	tos					687:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos	657:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos	657:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	1	10	from	d	257:257	arg1	chamber					246:252	the air chamber	238:252	the air chamber at d 12	238:260	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	3	11	theme	Hatching	502:509	arg1	eggs					511:514	Hatching eggs	502:514	Hatching eggs	502:514	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	9	12	theme	peripheral	1314:1323	arg1	organs					1334:1339	the peripheral lymphoid organs	1310:1339	the peripheral lymphoid organs	1310:1339	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	10	13	located	observed	1471:1478	arg2	colonization					1431:1442	more potent colonization	1419:1442	more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells	1419:1465	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	10	13	located	observed	1471:1478	arg1	CT					1397:1398	CT	1397:1398	CT at d 7 after hatch	1397:1417	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	10	13	located	observed	1471:1478	arg1	groups					1514:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	3	14	dep	prebiotic	535:543	arg1	symbiotic					597:605	symbiotic	597:605	symbiotic	597:605	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	9	15	theme	organs	1334:1339	arg1	rate					1302:1305	an increased colonization rate	1276:1305	an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells	1276:1354	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	0	16	theme	lymphoid	130:137	arg1	tissue					139:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	1	17	theme	cecal	359:363	arg1	CT					374:375	CT	374:375	CT	374:375	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	17	theme	cecal	359:363	arg1	tonsils					365:371	cecal tonsils	359:371	cecal tonsils (CT)	359:376	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	10	18	from	groups	1514:1519	arg1	groups					1562:1567	both synbiotic-treated groups	1539:1567	both synbiotic-treated groups	1539:1567	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	4	19	theme	Lactococcus	695:705	arg1	lactis					707:712	Lactococcus lactis	695:712	Lactococcus lactis	695:712	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	13	20	theme	Pre2	1979:1982	arg1	group					1984:1988	the Pre2 group	1975:1988	the Pre2 group	1975:1988	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	12	21	theme	GALT	1837:1840	arg1	colonization					1842:1853	the GALT colonization	1833:1853	the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively	1833:1893	In 21-day-old chickens, both synbiotics exerted stronger stimulatory effect on the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively.
26527705	5	22	theme	cremoris	721:728	arg1	Syn2					739:742	Syn2	739:742	Syn2	739:742	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	5	22	theme	cremoris	721:728	arg1	SC1					734:736	cremoris IBB SC1	721:736	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2)	721:743	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	9	23	from	decrease	1212:1219	arg1	d					1250:1250	d 7	1250:1252	d 7	1250:1252	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	9	23	from	decrease	1212:1219	arg1	bursa					1241:1245	bursa	1241:1245	bursa on d 7 after hatch	1241:1264	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	9	23	from	decrease	1212:1219	arg1	number					1231:1236	B-cell number	1224:1236	B-cell number	1224:1236	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	0	24	from	composition	96:106	arg1	tissue					139:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	10	25	theme	respective	1583:1592	arg1	controls					1594:1601	respective controls	1583:1601	respective controls	1583:1601	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	1	26	from	administration	211:224	arg1	ovo					229:231	ovo	229:231	ovo	229:231	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	2	27	theme	800	446:448	arg1	eggs					459:462	800 hatching eggs	446:462	800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308)	446:499	The experiment was performed on 800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308).
26527705	3	28	theme	Lactococcus	631:641	arg1	lactis					643:648	Lactococcus lactis	631:648	Lactococcus lactis	631:648	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	1	29	theme	specific	295:302	arg1	composition					316:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	0	30	theme	in	10:11	arg1	Effect					0:5	Effect	0:5	Effect of in	0:11	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	14	31	theme	GALT	2109:2112	arg1	development					2114:2124	GALT development	2109:2124	GALT development	2109:2124	The data obtained in this study indicated that prebiotics and particularly synbiotics administrated in ovo stimulated GALT development after hatch.
26527705	12	32	theme	stimulatory	1811:1821	arg1	effect					1823:1828	stronger stimulatory effect	1802:1828	stronger stimulatory effect	1802:1828	In 21-day-old chickens, both synbiotics exerted stronger stimulatory effect on the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively.
26527705	11	33	theme	synbiotic-treated	1626:1642	arg1	groups					1644:1649	both synbiotic-treated groups	1621:1649	both synbiotic-treated groups	1621:1649	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	1	34	theme	cell	311:314	arg1	composition					316:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	9	35	theme	Syn2	1378:1381	arg1	treatment					1383:1391	Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment	1362:1391	Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment	1362:1391	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	12	36	theme	21-day-old	1757:1766	arg1	chickens					1768:1775	21-day-old chickens	1757:1775	21-day-old chickens	1757:1775	In 21-day-old chickens, both synbiotics exerted stronger stimulatory effect on the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively.
26527705	13	37	from	Syn2	1962:1965	arg1	pronounced					1944:1953	pronounced	1944:1953	pronounced	1944:1953	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	13	37	from	Syn2	1962:1965	arg1	colonization					1911:1922	the colonization	1907:1922	the colonization by B cells	1907:1933	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	0	38	theme	immune	84:89	arg1	composition					96:106	specific immune cell composition	75:106	specific immune cell composition	75:106	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	5	39	theme	physiological	749:761	arg1	saline					763:768	physiological saline	749:768	physiological saline	749:768	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	3	40	dep	inulin	620:625	arg1	subsp					650:654	subsp	650:654	subsp	650:654	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	9	41	theme	temporary	1202:1210	arg1	decrease					1212:1219	The temporary decrease	1198:1219	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch	1198:1264	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	1	42	dep	composition	316:326	arg1	the					291:293	the	291:293	the	291:293	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	7	43	theme	cecal	914:918	arg1	tonsil					920:925	cecal tonsil	914:925	cecal tonsil	914:925	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	1	44	from	distribution	332:343	arg1	ileum					352:356	the ileum	348:356	the ileum	348:356	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	8	45	theme	chicken	1189:1195	arg1	GALT					1177:1180	the GALT	1173:1180	the GALT of the chicken	1173:1195	It was indicated that the pre- and synbiotics do not adversely affect the development of the GALT of the chicken.
26527705	4	46	theme	IBB	664:666	arg1	Syn1					673:676	Syn1	673:676	Syn1	673:676	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	4	46	theme	IBB	664:666	arg1	SL1					668:670	lactis IBB SL1	657:670	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1)	657:677	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	1	47	from	composition	316:326	arg1	ileum					352:356	the ileum	348:356	the ileum	348:356	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	1	48	theme	egg	265:267	arg1	incubation					269:278	egg incubation	265:278	egg incubation	265:278	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	6	49	theme	treatment	815:823	arg1	group					825:829	each treatment group	810:829	each treatment group	810:829	Seven chickens from each treatment group were randomly selected on , 1, 7, and 21 after hatch for tissue collection.
26527705	6	50	from	group	825:829	arg1	chickens					796:803	Seven chickens	790:803	Seven chickens from each treatment group	790:829	Seven chickens from each treatment group were randomly selected on , 1, 7, and 21 after hatch for tissue collection.
26527705	1	51	theme	synbiotic	201:209	arg1	administration					211:224	pre- and synbiotic administration	192:224	pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation	192:278	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	5	52	theme	control	775:781	arg1	group					783:787	a control group	773:787	a control group	773:787	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	12	53	dep	colonization	1842:1853	arg1	prebiotics					1871:1880	prebiotics	1871:1880	the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively	1833:1893	In 21-day-old chickens, both synbiotics exerted stronger stimulatory effect on the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively.
26527705	7	54	theme	Bu-1	1016:1019	arg1	cells					1062:1066	Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	1016:1066	Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	1016:1066	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	11	55	theme	T-cell	1667:1672	arg1	number					1674:1679	T-cell number	1667:1679	T-cell number	1667:1679	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	1	56	theme	air	242:244	arg1	chamber					246:252	the air chamber	238:252	the air chamber at d 12	238:260	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	9	57	theme	increased	1279:1287	arg1	rate					1302:1305	an increased colonization rate	1276:1305	an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells	1276:1354	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	10	58	theme	treated	1506:1512	arg1	groups					1514:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	3	59	dep	treated	521:527	arg1	prebiotic					535:543	prebiotic	535:543	prebiotic	535:543	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	7	60	theme	cells	1062:1066	arg1	proportions					1001:1011	the proportions	997:1011	the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	997:1066	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	10	61	theme	B	1528:1528	arg1	cells					1530:1534	B cells	1528:1534	B cells	1528:1534	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	0	62	theme	gut-associated	115:128	arg1	tissue					139:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	9	63	theme	lymphoid	1325:1332	arg1	organs					1334:1339	the peripheral lymphoid organs	1310:1339	the peripheral lymphoid organs	1310:1339	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	6	64	theme	tissue	888:893	arg1	collection					895:904	tissue collection	888:904	tissue collection	888:904	Seven chickens from each treatment group were randomly selected on , 1, 7, and 21 after hatch for tissue collection.
26527705	1	65	theme	pre-	192:195	arg1	administration					211:224	pre- and synbiotic administration	192:224	pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation	192:278	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	2	66	theme	meat-type	471:479	arg1	Ross					491:494	Ross 308	491:498	Ross 308	491:498	The experiment was performed on 800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308).
26527705	2	66	theme	meat-type	471:479	arg1	chickens					481:488	the meat-type chickens	467:488	the meat-type chickens (Ross 308)	467:499	The experiment was performed on 800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308).
26527705	0	67	from	morphology	60:69	arg1	tissue					139:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	the gut-associated lymphoid tissue	111:144	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	7	68	theme	TCRγδ	1053:1057	arg1	cells					1062:1066	Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	1016:1066	Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	1016:1066	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	7	69	theme	Fabricius	940:948	arg1	samples					950:956	Fabricius samples	940:956	Fabricius samples	940:956	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	1	70	from	tonsils	365:371	arg1	ileum					352:356	the ileum	348:356	the ileum	348:356	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	13	71	from	pronounced	1944:1953	arg1	group					1984:1988	the Pre2 group	1975:1988	the Pre2 group	1975:1988	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	13	71	from	pronounced	1944:1953	arg1	Syn2					1962:1965	the Syn2	1958:1965	the Syn2	1958:1965	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	10	72	theme	potent	1424:1429	arg1	colonization					1431:1442	more potent colonization	1419:1442	more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells	1419:1465	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	5	73	theme	IBB	730:732	arg1	Syn2					739:742	Syn2	739:742	Syn2	739:742	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	5	73	theme	IBB	730:732	arg1	SC1					734:736	cremoris IBB SC1	721:736	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2)	721:743	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	13	74	from	group	1984:1988	arg1	pronounced					1944:1953	pronounced	1944:1953	pronounced	1944:1953	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	13	74	from	group	1984:1988	arg1	colonization					1911:1922	the colonization	1907:1922	the colonization by B cells	1907:1933	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	9	75	theme	Pre1	1362:1365	arg1	treatment					1383:1391	Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment	1362:1391	Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment	1362:1391	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	12	76	theme	T	1858:1858	arg1	cells					1860:1864	T cells	1858:1864	T cells	1858:1864	In 21-day-old chickens, both synbiotics exerted stronger stimulatory effect on the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively.
26527705	4	77	dep	subsp	714:718	arg1	lactis					707:712	Lactococcus lactis	695:712	Lactococcus lactis	695:712	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	4	77	dep	subsp	714:718	arg1	tos					687:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos	657:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos	657:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	9	78	theme	Pre2	1368:1371	arg1	treatment					1383:1391	Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment	1362:1391	Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment	1362:1391	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	7	79	theme	samples	950:956	arg1	bursa					931:935	bursa	931:935	bursa	931:935	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	7	79	theme	samples	950:956	arg1	Ileum					907:911	Ileum	907:911	Ileum	907:911	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	7	79	theme	samples	950:956	arg1	tonsil					920:925	cecal tonsil	914:925	cecal tonsil	914:925	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	0	80	theme	specific	75:82	arg1	composition					96:106	specific immune cell composition	75:106	specific immune cell composition	75:106	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	1	81	theme	immune	304:309	arg1	composition					316:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	specific immune cell composition	295:326	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	11	82	theme	B	1745:1745	arg1	cells					1747:1751	B cells	1745:1751	B cells	1745:1751	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	11	83	from	d	1613:1613	arg1	groups					1644:1649	both synbiotic-treated groups	1621:1649	both synbiotic-treated groups	1621:1649	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	0	84	theme	cell	91:94	arg1	composition					96:106	specific immune cell composition	75:106	specific immune cell composition	75:106	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	5	85	dep	SC1	734:736	arg1	group					783:787	a control group	773:787	a control group	773:787	cremoris IBB SC1 (Syn2); or physiological saline as a control group.
26527705	2	86	theme	hatching	450:457	arg1	eggs					459:462	800 hatching eggs	446:462	800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308)	446:499	The experiment was performed on 800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308).
26527705	8	87	theme	GALT	1177:1180	arg1	development					1158:1168	the development	1154:1168	the development of the GALT of the chicken	1154:1195	It was indicated that the pre- and synbiotics do not adversely affect the development of the GALT of the chicken.
26527705	10	88	from	d	1403:1403	arg1	CT					1397:1398	CT	1397:1398	CT at d 7 after hatch	1397:1417	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	2	89	theme	chickens	481:488	arg1	eggs					459:462	800 hatching eggs	446:462	800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308)	446:499	The experiment was performed on 800 hatching eggs of the meat-type chickens (Ross 308).
26527705	0	90	dep	morphology	60:69	arg1	the					56:58	the	56:58	the	56:58	Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on the morphology and specific immune cell composition in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
26527705	9	91	from	bursa	1241:1245	arg1	d					1250:1250	d 7	1250:1252	d 7	1250:1252	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	10	92	theme	GALT	1451:1454	arg1	colonization					1431:1442	more potent colonization	1419:1442	more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells	1419:1465	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	8	93	dep	pre-	1110:1113	arg1	the					1106:1108	the	1106:1108	the	1106:1108	It was indicated that the pre- and synbiotics do not adversely affect the development of the GALT of the chicken.
26527705	9	94	theme	B-cell	1224:1229	arg1	number					1231:1236	B-cell number	1224:1236	B-cell number	1224:1236	The temporary decrease in B-cell number in bursa on d 7 after hatch suggested an increased colonization rate of the peripheral lymphoid organs by these cells after Pre1, Pre2, and Syn2 treatment.
26527705	7	95	theme	CD3	1025:1027	arg1	cells					1062:1066	Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	1016:1066	Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells	1016:1066	Ileum, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius samples were immunohistochemically stained and the proportions of Bu-1(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8α(+) and TCRγδ(+) cells were estimated.
26527705	11	96	theme	CT	1739:1740	arg1	colonization					1719:1730	faster colonization	1712:1730	faster colonization of the CT by B cells	1712:1751	Then, on d 21 in both synbiotic-treated groups, an increase in T-cell number in ileum was also noticed with faster colonization of the CT by B cells.
26527705	4	97	theme	lactis	657:662	arg1	Syn1					673:676	Syn1	673:676	Syn1	673:676	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	4	97	theme	lactis	657:662	arg1	SL1					668:670	lactis IBB SL1	657:670	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1)	657:677	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	1	98	theme	incubation	269:278	arg1	administration					211:224	pre- and synbiotic administration	192:224	pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation	192:278	The purpose of this study was to examine how pre- and synbiotic administration in ovo into the air chamber at d 12 of egg incubation influenced the specific immune cell composition and distribution in the ileum, cecal tonsils (CT) and bursa of Fabricius of broilers.
26527705	13	99	theme	B	1927:1927	arg1	cells					1929:1933	B cells	1927:1933	B cells	1927:1933	Similarly, the colonization by B cells was more pronounced in the Syn2 than in the Pre2 group.
26527705	12	100	theme	stronger	1802:1809	arg1	effect					1823:1828	stronger stimulatory effect	1802:1828	stronger stimulatory effect	1802:1828	In 21-day-old chickens, both synbiotics exerted stronger stimulatory effect on the GALT colonization by T cells then prebiotics respectively.
26527705	3	101	theme	Bi	577:578	arg1	tos					582:584	Bi(2)tos	577:584	Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2)	577:594	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	3	101	theme	Bi	577:578	arg1	®					586:586	®	586:586	®	586:586	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	3	101	theme	Bi	577:578	arg1	Pre2					590:593	Pre2	590:593	Pre2	590:593	Hatching eggs were treated with: prebiotic, consisting of inulin (Pre1) or Bi(2)tos(®) (Pre2); symbiotic, composed of inulin and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	4	102	theme	SL1	668:670	arg1	tos					687:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos	657:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos	657:689	lactis IBB SL1 (Syn1) or Bi(2)tos and Lactococcus lactis subsp.
26527705	10	103	theme	T	1459:1459	arg1	cells					1461:1465	T cells	1459:1465	T cells	1459:1465	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	10	104	theme	pre-	1487:1490	arg1	groups					1514:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	all pre- and synbiotic treated groups	1483:1519	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26527705	10	105	theme	synbiotic-treated	1544:1560	arg1	groups					1562:1567	both synbiotic-treated groups	1539:1567	both synbiotic-treated groups	1539:1567	In CT at d 7 after hatch more potent colonization of the GALT by T cells was observed in all pre- and synbiotic treated groups and by B cells in both synbiotic-treated groups than those in respective controls.
26992448	0	0	theme	Reversed	97:104	arg1	Chromatography					119:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	1	theme	temperatures	419:430	arg1	influences					340:349	The influences	336:349	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation	336:465	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	2	theme	high-performance	187:202	arg1	chromatography					211:224	high-performance liquid chromatography	187:224	high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	187:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	0	3	theme	Liquid	112:117	arg1	Chromatography					119:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	1	4	theme	reversed	309:316	arg1	conditions					324:333	reversed phase conditions	309:333	reversed phase conditions	309:333	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	0	5	theme	Phase	106:110	arg1	Chromatography					119:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	6	dep	%	386:386	arg1	to					381:382	to	381:382	to	381:382	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	7	theme	phase	318:322	arg1	conditions					324:333	reversed phase conditions	309:333	reversed phase conditions	309:333	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	1	8	theme	liquid	204:209	arg1	chromatography					211:224	high-performance liquid chromatography	187:224	high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	187:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	2	9	theme	column	412:417	arg1	temperatures					419:430	column temperatures	412:430	column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C	412:447	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	10	from	%	386:386	arg1	temperatures					419:430	column temperatures	412:430	column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C	412:447	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	10	from	%	386:386	arg1	influences					340:349	The influences	336:349	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation	336:465	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	10	from	%	386:386	arg1	composition					360:370	water composition	354:370	water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase	354:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	10	from	%	386:386	arg1	phase					402:406	the mobile phase	391:406	the mobile phase	391:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	0	11	theme	Enantiomeric	0:11	arg1	Separation					13:22	Enantiomeric Separation	0:22	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.	0:133	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	12	theme	composition	360:370	arg1	influences					340:349	The influences	336:349	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation	336:465	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	13	theme	permethylated	231:243	arg1	phase					285:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	0	14	theme	Chiral	27:32	arg1	Pesticides					34:43	Chiral Pesticides	27:43	Chiral Pesticides	27:43	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	15	theme	water	354:358	arg1	composition					360:370	water composition	354:370	water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase	354:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	16	theme	β-cyclodextrin	245:258	arg1	phase					285:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	3	17	theme	pesticides	606:615	arg1	Rs					594:595	Rs	594:595	Rs of these pesticides	594:615	Baseline separation was obtained for diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, tebuconazole and triticonazole, and Rs of these pesticides were greater than 1.5.
26992448	2	18	theme	mobile	395:400	arg1	phase					402:406	the mobile phase	391:406	the mobile phase	391:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	19	theme	β-PM	261:264	arg1	phase					285:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	0	20	theme	Pesticides	34:43	arg1	Separation					13:22	Enantiomeric Separation	0:22	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.	0:133	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	0	21	from	Phase	88:92	arg1	Chromatography					119:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	97:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	0	22	theme	β-Cyclodextrin	62:75	arg1	Phase					88:92	Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase	48:92	Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	48:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	23	dep	40°C	444:447	arg1	to					441:442	to	441:442	to	441:442	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	24	theme	Enantiomeric	135:146	arg1	separation					148:157	Enantiomeric separation	135:157	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	135:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	0	25	theme	Permethylated	48:60	arg1	Phase					88:92	Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase	48:92	Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	48:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	26	theme	%	379:379	arg1	%					386:386	10% to 45%	377:386	10% to 45% in the mobile phase	377:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	27	theme	chiral	267:272	arg1	phase					285:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	1	28	with	chromatography	211:224	arg1	phase					285:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	2	29	from	influences	340:349	arg1	separation					456:465	the separation	452:465	the separation	452:465	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	29	from	influences	340:349	arg1	%					386:386	10% to 45%	377:386	10% to 45% in the mobile phase	377:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	29	from	influences	340:349	arg1	40°C					444:447	40°C	444:447	40°C	444:447	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	30	theme	stationary	274:283	arg1	phase					285:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	231:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	3	31	theme	Baseline	486:493	arg1	separation					495:504	Baseline separation	486:504	Baseline separation	486:504	Baseline separation was obtained for diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, tebuconazole and triticonazole, and Rs of these pesticides were greater than 1.5.
26992448	1	32	theme	chiral	166:171	arg1	pesticides					173:182	six chiral pesticides	162:182	six chiral pesticides	162:182	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
26992448	0	33	theme	Stationary	77:86	arg1	Phase					88:92	Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase	48:92	Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography	48:132	Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β-Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography.
26992448	2	34	from	40°C	444:447	arg1	temperatures					419:430	column temperatures	412:430	column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C	412:447	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	34	from	40°C	444:447	arg1	influences					340:349	The influences	336:349	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation	336:465	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	2	34	from	40°C	444:447	arg1	composition					360:370	water composition	354:370	water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase	354:406	The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated.
26992448	1	35	theme	pesticides	173:182	arg1	separation					148:157	Enantiomeric separation	135:157	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase	135:289	Enantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions.
24467635	5	0	theme	selected	1127:1134	arg1	polyphenols					1136:1146	selected polyphenols	1127:1146	selected polyphenols	1127:1146	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	1	theme	functional	884:893	arg1	foods					895:899	functional foods	884:899	functional foods	884:899	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	1	2	theme	polyunsaturated	248:262	arg1	acids					270:274	fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	233:274	acids	270:274	The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols.
24467635	3	3	theme	fatty	679:683	arg1	acids					685:689	omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	655:689	omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	655:689	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	5	4	theme	foods	895:899	arg1	properties					870:879	the healthy properties	858:879	the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals	858:918	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	1	5	theme	fatty	264:268	arg1	acids					270:274	fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	233:274	acids	270:274	The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols.
24467635	4	6	theme	specific	809:816	arg1	prebiotics					818:827	specific prebiotics	809:827	specific prebiotics	809:827	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	3	7	theme	gut	539:541	arg1	microbioma					543:552	the gut microbioma	535:552	the gut microbioma	535:552	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	3	7	theme	gut	539:541	arg1	target					575:580	target	575:580	target	575:580	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	5	8	theme	specific	1095:1102	arg1	strains					1114:1120	specific probiotic strains	1095:1120	specific probiotic strains	1095:1120	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	9	theme	available	955:963	arg1	data					965:968	available data	955:968	available data	955:968	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	3	10	theme	metabolic	472:480	arg1	syndrome					482:489	The metabolic syndrome	468:489	The metabolic syndrome	468:489	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	5	11	theme	probiotic	1104:1112	arg1	strains					1114:1120	specific probiotic strains	1095:1120	specific probiotic strains	1095:1120	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	4	12	with	growth	764:769	arg1	polyphenols					833:843	polyphenols	833:843	polyphenols	833:843	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	4	12	with	growth	764:769	arg1	prebiotics					818:827	specific prebiotics	809:827	specific prebiotics	809:827	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	2	13	theme	multiple	378:385	arg1	composition					306:316	the composition	302:316	the composition	302:316	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	2	13	theme	multiple	378:385	arg1	supplement					387:396	a natural multiple supplement	368:396	a natural multiple supplement	368:396	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	2	14	theme	beneficial	429:438	arg1	effects					440:446	its beneficial effects	425:446	its beneficial effects	425:446	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	5	15	theme	syndrome	1193:1200	arg1	prevention					1202:1211	metabolic syndrome prevention	1183:1211	metabolic syndrome prevention	1183:1211	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	16	from	useful	1173:1178	arg1	treatment					1217:1225	treatment	1217:1225	treatment	1217:1225	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	16	from	useful	1173:1178	arg1	prevention					1202:1211	metabolic syndrome prevention	1183:1211	metabolic syndrome prevention	1183:1211	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	2	17	theme	natural	370:376	arg1	composition					306:316	the composition	302:316	the composition	302:316	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	2	17	theme	natural	370:376	arg1	supplement					387:396	a natural multiple supplement	368:396	a natural multiple supplement	368:396	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	5	18	theme	fatty	1065:1069	arg1	acids					1071:1075	omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	1041:1075	omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	1041:1075	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	4	19	from	evidence	727:734	arg1	reasonable					743:752	reasonable	743:752	reasonable	743:752	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	4	20	theme	reviewed	718:725	arg1	evidence					727:734	the reviewed evidence	714:734	the reviewed evidence	714:734	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	5	21	theme	healthy	862:868	arg1	properties					870:879	the healthy properties	858:879	the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals	858:918	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	0	22	theme	syndrome	128:135	arg1	prevention					137:146	metabolic syndrome prevention	118:146	metabolic syndrome prevention	118:146	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	3	23	from	target	575:580	arg1	interactions					600:611	the interactions	596:611	the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols	596:706	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	1	24	theme	Mediterranean	196:208	arg1	diet					210:213	the Mediterranean diet	192:213	the Mediterranean diet	192:213	The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols.
24467635	5	25	theme	metabolic	1183:1191	arg1	prevention					1202:1211	metabolic syndrome prevention	1183:1211	metabolic syndrome prevention	1183:1211	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	0	26	theme	metabolic	118:126	arg1	prevention					137:146	metabolic syndrome prevention	118:146	metabolic syndrome prevention	118:146	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	5	27	theme	acids	1071:1075	arg1	ratio					1032:1036	the better ratio	1021:1036	the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics	1021:1161	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	28	theme	better	1025:1030	arg1	ratio					1032:1036	the better ratio	1021:1036	the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics	1021:1161	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	29	contain	containing	1010:1019	arg1	supplements					997:1007	well-designed supplements	983:1007	well-designed supplements	983:1007	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	29	contain	containing	1010:1019	arg2	ratio					1032:1036	the better ratio	1021:1036	the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics	1021:1161	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	30	from	prevention	1202:1211	arg1	useful					1173:1178	useful	1173:1178	useful	1173:1178	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	4	31	theme	microflora	793:802	arg1	metabolism					775:784	metabolism	775:784	metabolism	775:784	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	4	31	theme	microflora	793:802	arg1	growth					764:769	growth	764:769	growth	764:769	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	3	32	from	player	586:591	arg1	interactions					600:611	the interactions	596:611	the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols	596:706	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	4	33	with	metabolism	775:784	arg1	polyphenols					833:843	polyphenols	833:843	polyphenols	833:843	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	4	33	with	metabolism	775:784	arg1	prebiotics					818:827	specific prebiotics	809:827	specific prebiotics	809:827	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	5	34	theme	antioxidants	1081:1092	arg1	ratio					1032:1036	the better ratio	1021:1036	the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics	1021:1161	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	4	35	theme	gut	789:791	arg1	microflora					793:802	gut microflora	789:802	gut microflora	789:802	From the reviewed evidence, it is reasonable to manage growth and metabolism of gut microflora with specific prebiotics and polyphenols.
24467635	0	36	theme	fatty	61:65	arg1	acids					67:71	polyunsaturated fatty acids	45:71	polyunsaturated fatty acids	45:71	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	3	37	theme	main	570:573	arg1	microbioma					543:552	the gut microbioma	535:552	the gut microbioma	535:552	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	3	37	theme	main	570:573	arg1	target					575:580	target	575:580	target	575:580	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	0	38	theme	polyunsaturated	45:59	arg1	acids					67:71	polyunsaturated fatty acids	45:71	polyunsaturated fatty acids	45:71	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	5	39	from	treatment	1217:1225	arg1	useful					1173:1178	useful	1173:1178	useful	1173:1178	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	40	theme	omega-3	1041:1047	arg1	acids					1071:1075	omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	1041:1075	omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	1041:1075	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	41	theme	nutraceuticals	905:918	arg1	properties					870:879	the healthy properties	858:879	the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals	858:918	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	3	42	theme	polyunsaturated	663:677	arg1	acids					685:689	omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	655:689	omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	655:689	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	2	43	theme	diet	339:342	arg1	composition					306:316	the composition	302:316	the composition	302:316	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	2	43	theme	diet	339:342	arg1	supplement					387:396	a natural multiple supplement	368:396	a natural multiple supplement	368:396	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	5	44	theme	polyunsaturated	1049:1063	arg1	acids					1071:1075	omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	1041:1075	omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	1041:1075	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	5	45	theme	well-designed	983:995	arg1	supplements					997:1007	well-designed supplements	983:1007	well-designed supplements	983:1007	Even though the healthy properties of functional foods and nutraceuticals still need to be fully elucidated, available data suggest that well-designed supplements, containing the better ratio of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants, specific probiotic strains, and selected polyphenols and prebiotics, could be useful in metabolic syndrome prevention and treatment.
24467635	2	46	theme	Mediterranean	325:337	arg1	diet					339:342	the Mediterranean diet	321:342	the Mediterranean diet	321:342	However, the composition of the Mediterranean diet, which can be viewed as a natural multiple supplement, is poorly controlled, and its beneficial effects poorly predictable.
24467635	1	47	theme	fiber	233:237	arg1	acids					270:274	fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	233:274	acids	270:274	The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols.
24467635	3	48	theme	omega	655:659	arg1	acids					685:689	omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	655:689	omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	655:689	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	3	49	theme	intestinal	510:519	arg1	dysbiosis					521:529	intestinal dysbiosis	510:529	intestinal dysbiosis	510:529	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	3	50	dep	target	575:580	arg1	the					566:568	the	566:568	the	566:568	The metabolic syndrome is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and the gut microbioma seems to be the main target and player in the interactions occurring between probiotics, prebiotics, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenols.
24467635	0	51	dep	Interactions	0:11	arg1	Interactions					0:11	Interactions	0:11	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?	0:147	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	0	51	dep	Interactions	0:11	arg1	supplementation					98:112	supplementation	98:112	supplementation	98:112	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	0	51	dep	Interactions	0:11	arg1	diet					90:93	diet	90:93	diet	90:93	Interactions between prebiotics, probiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols: diet or supplementation for metabolic syndrome prevention?
24467635	1	52	theme	metabolic	153:161	arg1	syndrome					163:170	The metabolic syndrome	149:170	The metabolic syndrome	149:170	The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols.
24467635	1	53	theme	omega-3	240:246	arg1	acids					270:274	fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids	233:274	acids	270:274	The metabolic syndrome can be prevented by the Mediterranean diet, characterized by fiber, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols.
25297114	9	0	theme	short-term	1679:1688	arg1	model					1707:1711	this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1674:1711	this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1674:1711	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	5	1	theme	enamel	1063:1068	arg1	surface					1048:1054	the surface	1044:1054	the surface of the enamel	1044:1068	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	2	2	with	composite	423:431	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	3	theme	Silorane	526:533	arg1	composite					535:543	Filtek Silorane composite	519:543	Filtek Silorane composite	519:543	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	4	used	used	933:936	arg2	analysis					920:927	A regression analysis	907:927	A regression analysis	907:927	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	3	5	theme	1	638:638	arg1	%					639:639	%	639:639	%	639:639	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	2	6	theme	restoration	299:309	arg1	materials					311:319	6 different restoration materials	287:319	6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam	287:591	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	6	7	theme	wall	1301:1304	arg1	lesions					1306:1312	less advanced wall lesions	1287:1312	less advanced wall lesions	1287:1312	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	4	8	from	progression	719:729	arg1	enamel-dentin					738:750	the enamel-dentin	734:750	the enamel-dentin	734:750	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	1	9	theme	in	217:218	arg1	model					234:238	a short-term in vitro biofilm model	204:238	a short-term in vitro biofilm model	204:238	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	10	theme	Silorane	496:503	arg1	composite					505:513	ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite	473:513	composite	505:513	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	11	theme	regression	909:918	arg1	analysis					920:927	A regression analysis	907:927	A regression analysis	907:927	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	4	12	theme	lesion	800:805	arg1	LD					814:815	LD	814:815	LD	814:815	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	4	12	theme	lesion	800:805	arg1	depth					807:811	lesion depth	800:811	lesion depth (LD)	800:816	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	3	13	theme	artificial	685:694	arg1	lesions					703:709	artificial caries lesions	685:709	artificial caries lesions	685:709	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	6	14	theme	composite	1195:1203	arg1	effect					1180:1185	A statistically significant effect	1152:1185	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond	1152:1221	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	5	15	theme	different	970:978	arg1	materials					992:1000	the different restoration materials	966:1000	the different restoration materials	966:1000	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	2	16	theme	Sixty	241:245	arg1	blocks					261:266	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks	241:266	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks	241:266	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	6	17	with	effect	1180:1185	arg1	Bond					1218:1221	Protect Bond	1210:1221	Protect Bond	1210:1221	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	2	18	theme	SE	435:436	arg1	Bond					438:441	SE Bond	435:441	SE Bond	435:441	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	19	theme	materials	992:1000	arg1	ML					960:961	ML	960:961	ML	960:961	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	19	theme	materials	992:1000	arg1	LD					953:954	LD	953:954	LD	953:954	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	9	20	theme	bare	1625:1628	arg1	materials					1642:1650	bare restoration materials	1625:1650	bare restoration materials	1625:1650	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	1	21	theme	secondary	163:171	arg1	formation					180:188	secondary caries formation	163:188	secondary caries formation	163:188	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	22	theme	AP-X	456:459	arg1	composite					461:469	Clearfil AP-X composite	447:469	Clearfil AP-X composite	447:469	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	23	theme	adhesive	563:570	arg1	composite					535:543	Filtek Silorane composite	519:543	Filtek Silorane composite	519:543	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	6	24	theme	significant	1168:1178	arg1	effect					1180:1185	A statistically significant effect	1152:1185	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond	1152:1221	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	7	25	from	locations	1404:1412	arg1	dentin					1417:1422	dentin	1417:1422	dentin	1417:1422	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	7	25	from	locations	1404:1412	arg1	significant					1378:1388	significant	1378:1388	significant	1378:1388	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	7	26	theme	gap	1346:1348	arg1	size					1350:1353	gap size	1346:1353	gap size	1346:1353	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	9	27	dep	in	1690:1691	arg1	vitro					1693:1697	vitro	1693:1697	vitro	1693:1697	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	9	28	theme	less	1589:1592	arg1	progression					1601:1611	significantly less caries progression	1575:1611	significantly less caries progression	1575:1611	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	29	dep	adhesives	337:345	arg1	=					350:350	=	350:350	=	350:350	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	0	30	theme	Restoration	0:10	arg1	materials					12:20	Restoration materials	0:20	Restoration materials	0:20	Restoration materials and secondary caries using an in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	1	31	theme	in	81:82	arg1	study					90:94	This in vitro study	76:94	This in vitro study	76:94	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	7	32	theme	lesion	1447:1452	arg1	progression					1454:1464	lesion progression	1447:1464	lesion progression	1447:1464	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	2	33	theme	Clearfil	381:388	arg1	composite					395:403	1) Clearfil AP-X composite	378:403	1) Clearfil AP-X composite	378:403	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	34	with	adhesives	337:345	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	4	35	theme	independent	869:879	arg1	microradiography					881:896	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	846:896	transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM)	846:904	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	4	35	theme	independent	869:879	arg1	T-WIM					899:903	T-WIM	899:903	T-WIM	899:903	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	4	36	theme	wavelength	858:867	arg1	microradiography					881:896	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	846:896	transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM)	846:904	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	4	36	theme	wavelength	858:867	arg1	T-WIM					899:903	T-WIM	899:903	T-WIM	899:903	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	2	37	theme	Clearfil	409:416	arg1	composite					423:431	Clearfil AP-X composite	409:431	Clearfil AP-X composite	409:431	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	38	with	Silorane	547:554	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	6	39	theme	Protect	1210:1216	arg1	Bond					1218:1221	Protect Bond	1210:1221	Protect Bond	1210:1221	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	2	40	with	composite	461:469	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	41	dep	LD	953:954	arg1	the					949:951	the	949:951	the	949:951	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	9	42	theme	restoration	1630:1640	arg1	materials					1642:1650	bare restoration materials	1625:1650	bare restoration materials	1625:1650	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	4	43	theme	transversal	846:856	arg1	microradiography					881:896	transversal wavelength independent microradiography	846:896	transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM)	846:904	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	4	43	theme	transversal	846:856	arg1	T-WIM					899:903	T-WIM	899:903	T-WIM	899:903	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	6	44	theme	WallDentin1	1254:1264	arg1	location					1266:1273	the WallDentin1 location	1250:1273	the WallDentin1 location	1250:1273	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	9	45	theme	in	1690:1691	arg1	model					1707:1711	this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1674:1711	this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1674:1711	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	46	theme	different	289:297	arg1	materials					311:319	6 different restoration materials	287:319	6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam	287:591	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	47	dep	composite	461:469	arg1	3					444:444	3	444:444	3	444:444	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	4	48	theme	different	764:772	arg1	materials					774:782	the different materials	760:782	the different materials	760:782	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	9	49	theme	biofilm	1699:1705	arg1	model					1707:1711	this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1674:1711	this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1674:1711	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	3	50	theme	intermittent	625:636	arg1	model					657:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model	622:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions	622:709	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	9	51	theme	Protect	1555:1561	arg1	Bond					1563:1566	Protect Bond	1555:1566	Protect Bond	1555:1566	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	52	with	composite	505:513	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	1	53	theme	caries	173:178	arg1	formation					180:188	secondary caries formation	163:188	secondary caries formation	163:188	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	5	54	from	wall	1089:1092	arg1	locations					1019:1027	4 measurement locations	1005:1027	4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1005:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	54	from	wall	1089:1092	arg1	location					1032:1039	1 location	1030:1039	1 location at the surface of the enamel	1030:1068	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	54	from	wall	1089:1092	arg1	locations					1115:1123	2 locations	1113:1123	2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1113:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	54	from	wall	1089:1092	arg1	location					1073:1080	1 location	1071:1080	1 location at the wall of the enamel	1071:1106	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	3	55	theme	sucrose	641:647	arg1	model					657:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model	622:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions	622:709	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	2	56	theme	Filtek	519:524	arg1	composite					535:543	Filtek Silorane composite	519:543	Filtek Silorane composite	519:543	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	3	57	theme	biofilm	649:655	arg1	model					657:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model	622:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions	622:709	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	2	58	dep	composite	535:543	arg1	5					516:516	5	516:516	5	516:516	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	59	theme	ProtectBond	473:483	arg1	composite					505:513	ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite	473:513	composite	505:513	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	3	60	theme	%	639:639	arg1	model					657:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model	622:661	an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions	622:709	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	5	61	from	surface	1048:1054	arg1	locations					1019:1027	4 measurement locations	1005:1027	4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1005:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	61	from	surface	1048:1054	arg1	location					1032:1039	1 location	1030:1039	1 location at the surface of the enamel	1030:1068	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	61	from	surface	1048:1054	arg1	locations					1115:1123	2 locations	1113:1123	2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1113:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	61	from	surface	1048:1054	arg1	location					1073:1080	1 location	1071:1080	1 location at the wall of the enamel	1071:1106	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	8	62	theme	wall	1522:1525	arg1	development					1534:1544	wall lesion development	1522:1544	wall lesion development	1522:1544	In conclusion, adhesives can influence wall lesion development in gaps.
25297114	6	63	theme	advanced	1292:1299	arg1	lesions					1306:1312	less advanced wall lesions	1287:1312	less advanced wall lesions	1287:1312	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	1	64	theme	short-term	206:215	arg1	model					234:238	a short-term in vitro biofilm model	204:238	a short-term in vitro biofilm model	204:238	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	7	65	theme	wall	1399:1402	arg1	locations					1404:1412	the 2 wall locations	1393:1412	the 2 wall locations in dentin	1393:1422	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	5	66	from	wall	1132:1135	arg1	locations					1019:1027	4 measurement locations	1005:1027	4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1005:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	66	from	wall	1132:1135	arg1	location					1032:1039	1 location	1030:1039	1 location at the surface of the enamel	1030:1068	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	66	from	wall	1132:1135	arg1	locations					1115:1123	2 locations	1113:1123	2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1113:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	66	from	wall	1132:1135	arg1	location					1073:1080	1 location	1071:1080	1 location at the wall of the enamel	1071:1106	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	4	67	theme	mineral	822:828	arg1	loss					830:833	mineral loss	822:833	mineral loss (ML)	822:838	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	4	67	theme	mineral	822:828	arg1	ML					836:837	ML	836:837	ML	836:837	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	9	68	dep	showed	1568:1573	arg1	compared					1613:1620	compared	1613:1620	showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model	1568:1711	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	69	theme	Filtek	489:494	arg1	composite					505:513	ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite	473:513	composite	505:513	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	70	theme	enamel	1101:1106	arg1	wall					1089:1092	the wall	1085:1092	the wall of the enamel	1085:1106	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	1	71	theme	restoration	117:127	arg1	materials					129:137	restoration materials	117:137	restoration materials	117:137	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	3	72	theme	caries	696:701	arg1	lesions					703:709	artificial caries lesions	685:709	artificial caries lesions	685:709	Specimens were subjected to an intermittent 1% sucrose biofilm model for 20 days to create artificial caries lesions.
25297114	0	73	theme	biofilm	61:67	arg1	model					69:73	an in vitro biofilm model	49:73	an in vitro biofilm model	49:73	Restoration materials and secondary caries using an in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	74	theme	enamel-dentin	247:259	arg1	blocks					261:266	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks	241:266	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks	241:266	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	6	75	theme	AP-X	1190:1193	arg1	composite					1195:1203	AP-X composite	1190:1203	AP-X composite	1190:1203	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	5	76	theme	restoration	980:990	arg1	materials					992:1000	the different restoration materials	966:1000	the different restoration materials	966:1000	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	1	77	dep	in	81:82	arg1	vitro					84:88	vitro	84:88	vitro	84:88	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	1	78	dep	in	217:218	arg1	vitro					220:224	vitro	220:224	vitro	220:224	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	79	dep	composite	423:431	arg1	2					406:406	2	406:406	2	406:406	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	80	theme	Clearfil	447:454	arg1	composite					461:469	Clearfil AP-X composite	447:469	Clearfil AP-X composite	447:469	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	81	dep	locations	1019:1027	arg1	locations					1019:1027	4 measurement locations	1005:1027	4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1005:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	81	dep	locations	1019:1027	arg1	location					1032:1039	1 location	1030:1039	1 location at the surface of the enamel	1030:1068	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	81	dep	locations	1019:1027	arg1	locations					1115:1123	2 locations	1113:1123	2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1113:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	81	dep	locations	1019:1027	arg1	location					1073:1080	1 location	1071:1080	1 location at the wall of the enamel	1071:1106	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	8	82	theme	lesion	1527:1532	arg1	development					1534:1544	wall lesion development	1522:1544	wall lesion development	1522:1544	In conclusion, adhesives can influence wall lesion development in gaps.
25297114	2	83	dep	composite	395:403	arg1	1					378:378	1	378:378	1	378:378	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	84	with	Bond	438:441	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	5	85	theme	dentin	1144:1149	arg1	wall					1132:1135	the wall	1128:1135	the wall of the dentin	1128:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	7	86	theme	wider	1471:1475	arg1	gaps					1477:1480	wider gaps	1471:1480	wider gaps	1471:1480	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	9	87	theme	caries	1594:1599	arg1	progression					1601:1611	significantly less caries progression	1575:1611	significantly less caries progression	1575:1611	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	0	88	theme	secondary	26:34	arg1	caries					36:41	secondary caries	26:41	secondary caries	26:41	Restoration materials and secondary caries using an in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	89	dep	amalgam	585:591	arg1	6					576:576	6	576:576	6	576:576	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	90	theme	AP-X	390:393	arg1	composite					395:403	1) Clearfil AP-X composite	378:403	1) Clearfil AP-X composite	378:403	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	2	91	with	composite	535:543	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	0	92	dep	in	52:53	arg1	vitro					55:59	vitro	55:59	vitro	55:59	Restoration materials and secondary caries using an in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	93	theme	AP-X	418:421	arg1	composite					423:431	Clearfil AP-X composite	409:431	Clearfil AP-X composite	409:431	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	0	94	theme	in	52:53	arg1	model					69:73	an in vitro biofilm model	49:73	an in vitro biofilm model	49:73	Restoration materials and secondary caries using an in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	5	95	theme	measurement	1007:1017	arg1	locations					1019:1027	4 measurement locations	1005:1027	4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin	1005:1149	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	95	theme	measurement	1007:1017	arg1	location					1032:1039	1 location	1030:1039	1 location at the surface of the enamel	1030:1068	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	5	95	theme	measurement	1007:1017	arg1	location					1073:1080	1 location	1071:1080	1 location at the wall of the enamel	1071:1106	A regression analysis was used to compare the LD and ML of the different restoration materials at 4 measurement locations: 1 location at the surface of the enamel, 1 location at the wall of the enamel, and 2 locations at the wall of the dentin.
25297114	7	96	theme	additional	1318:1327	arg1	finding					1329:1335	An additional finding	1315:1335	An additional finding	1315:1335	An additional finding was that gap size was also statistically significant at the 2 wall locations in dentin, leading to increasing lesion progression with wider gaps.
25297114	6	97	located	found	1227:1231	arg1	location					1266:1273	the WallDentin1 location	1250:1273	the WallDentin1 location	1250:1273	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	6	97	located	found	1227:1231	arg2	effect					1180:1185	A statistically significant effect	1152:1185	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond	1152:1221	A statistically significant effect of AP-X composite with Protect Bond was found for LD and ML at the WallDentin1 location, leading to less advanced wall lesions.
25297114	4	98	theme	Lesion	712:717	arg1	progression					719:729	Lesion progression	712:729	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials	712:782	Lesion progression in the enamel-dentin next to the different materials was measured in lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) using transversal wavelength independent microradiography (T-WIM).
25297114	9	99	theme	other	1655:1659	arg1	adhesives					1661:1669	other adhesives	1655:1669	other adhesives	1655:1669	Protect Bond showed significantly less caries progression compared to bare restoration materials or other adhesives in this short-term in vitro biofilm model.
25297114	2	100	with	composite	395:403	arg1	gap					373:375	a gap	371:375	a gap	371:375	Sixty enamel-dentin blocks were restored with 6 different restoration materials with or without adhesives (n = 10 per group) with a gap: 1) Clearfil AP-X composite, 2) Clearfil AP-X composite + SE Bond, 3) Clearfil AP-X composite + ProtectBond, 4) Filtek Silorane composite, 5) Filtek Silorane composite + Silorane System adhesive, or 6) Tytin amalgam.
25297114	1	101	theme	biofilm	226:232	arg1	model					234:238	a short-term in vitro biofilm model	204:238	a short-term in vitro biofilm model	204:238	This in vitro study investigated whether restoration materials and adhesives influence secondary caries formation in gaps using a short-term in vitro biofilm model.
27449825	1	0	dep	extraction	344:353	arg1	the					340:342	the	340:342	the	340:342	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	6	1	theme	developed	1130:1138	arg1	sorbent					1140:1146	The developed sorbent	1126:1146	The developed sorbent	1126:1146	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	1	theme	developed	1130:1138	arg1	robust					1189:1194	robust	1189:1194	robust	1189:1194	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	1	theme	developed	1130:1138	arg1	cost-effective					1173:1186	cost-effective	1173:1186	cost-effective	1173:1186	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	1	theme	developed	1130:1138	arg1	easy					1152:1155	easy	1152:1155	easy	1152:1155	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	4	2	theme	optimum	863:869	arg1	conditions					871:880	optimum conditions	863:880	optimum conditions	863:880	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	1	3	theme	effective	286:294	arg1	nanoparticles					134:146	Magnetite nanoparticles	124:146	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	124:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	3	theme	effective	286:294	arg1	extraction					317:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction	283:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	283:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	0	4	theme	compounds	113:121	arg1	extraction					78:87	the extraction	74:87	the extraction of endocrine-disrupting compounds	74:121	Polypyrrole-coated alginate/magnetite nanoparticles composite sorbent for the extraction of endocrine-disrupting compounds.
27449825	3	5	theme	sample	786:791	arg1	pH					793:794	sample pH	786:794	sample pH	786:794	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	4	6	theme	μg/L	958:961	arg1	range					939:943	the concentration range	921:943	the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L	921:961	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	2	7	with	chromatography	571:584	arg1	detector					606:613	a fluorescence detector	591:613	a fluorescence detector	591:613	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	1	8	dep	nanoparticles	134:146	arg1	coated					185:190	coated	185:190	coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	185:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	8	dep	nanoparticles	134:146	arg1	incorporated					148:159	incorporated	148:159	incorporated into alginate beads	148:179	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	9	theme	magnetic	296:303	arg1	nanoparticles					134:146	Magnetite nanoparticles	124:146	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	124:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	9	theme	magnetic	296:303	arg1	extraction					317:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction	283:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	283:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	7	10	theme	compounds	1368:1376	arg1	determination					1330:1342	the determination	1326:1342	the determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water samples	1326:1393	The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water samples.
27449825	3	11	theme	various	630:636	arg1	parameters					638:647	various parameters	630:647	various parameters	630:647	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	1	12	theme	solid-phase	305:315	arg1	nanoparticles					134:146	Magnetite nanoparticles	124:146	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	124:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	12	theme	solid-phase	305:315	arg1	extraction					317:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction	283:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	283:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	13	from	samples	452:458	arg1	enrichment					359:368	enrichment	359:368	enrichment	359:368	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	13	from	samples	452:458	arg1	extraction					344:353	extraction	344:353	extraction	344:353	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	3	14	theme	stirring	814:821	arg1	speed					823:827	stirring speed	814:827	stirring speed	814:827	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	1	15	from	enrichment	359:368	arg1	samples					452:458	water samples	446:458	water samples	446:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	3	16	theme	parameters	638:647	arg1	effect					620:625	The effect	616:625	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds	616:710	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	17	theme	endocrine	681:689	arg1	compounds					702:710	endocrine disrupting compounds	681:710	endocrine disrupting compounds	681:710	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	7	18	from	determination	1330:1342	arg1	samples					1387:1393	water samples	1381:1393	water samples	1381:1393	The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water samples.
27449825	6	19	dep	cost-effective	1173:1186	arg1	sorbent					1140:1146	The developed sorbent	1126:1146	The developed sorbent	1126:1146	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	19	dep	cost-effective	1173:1186	arg1	robust					1189:1194	robust	1189:1194	robust	1189:1194	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	19	dep	cost-effective	1173:1186	arg1	cost-effective					1173:1186	cost-effective	1173:1186	cost-effective	1173:1186	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	19	dep	cost-effective	1173:1186	arg1	easy					1152:1155	easy	1152:1155	easy	1152:1155	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	2	20	theme	fluorescence	593:604	arg1	detector					606:613	a fluorescence detector	591:613	a fluorescence detector	591:613	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	1	21	theme	bisphenol	430:438	arg1	compounds					394:402	endocrine-disrupting compounds	373:402	endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	373:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	21	theme	bisphenol	430:438	arg1	A					440:440	bisphenol A	430:440	bisphenol A	430:440	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	22	from	extraction	344:353	arg1	samples					452:458	water samples	446:458	water samples	446:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	2	23	theme	endocrine-disrupting	496:515	arg1	compounds					517:525	the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds	482:525	the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds	482:525	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	2	24	theme	compounds	517:525	arg1	determination					465:477	The determination	461:477	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds	461:525	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	2	25	theme	liquid	564:569	arg1	chromatography					571:584	high-performance liquid chromatography	547:584	high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector	547:613	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	3	26	theme	desorption	834:843	arg1	conditions					845:854	desorption conditions	834:854	desorption conditions	834:854	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	1	27	theme	Magnetite	124:132	arg1	nanoparticles					134:146	Magnetite nanoparticles	124:146	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	124:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	27	theme	Magnetite	124:132	arg1	extraction					317:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction	283:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	283:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	0	28	theme	Polypyrrole-coated	0:17	arg1	alginate/magnetite					19:36	Polypyrrole-coated alginate/magnetite	0:36	Polypyrrole-coated alginate/magnetite	0:36	Polypyrrole-coated alginate/magnetite nanoparticles composite sorbent for the extraction of endocrine-disrupting compounds.
27449825	1	29	theme	sorbent	328:334	arg1	nanoparticles					134:146	Magnetite nanoparticles	124:146	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	124:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	29	theme	sorbent	328:334	arg1	extraction					317:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction	283:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	283:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	5	30	theme	±	1104:1104	arg1	range					1090:1094	the range	1086:1094	the range of 90.5 ± 4.1 to 98.2 ± 5.5%	1086:1123	The developed method showed a high extraction efficiency, the recoveries were in the range of 90.5 ± 4.1 to 98.2 ± 5.5%.
27449825	1	31	theme	polypyrrole/Fe3	236:250	arg1	bead					265:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	0	32	theme	composite	52:60	arg1	sorbent					62:68	composite sorbent	52:68	composite sorbent for the extraction of endocrine-disrupting compounds	52:121	Polypyrrole-coated alginate/magnetite nanoparticles composite sorbent for the extraction of endocrine-disrupting compounds.
27449825	3	33	theme	extraction	656:665	arg1	efficiency					667:676	the extraction efficiency	652:676	the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds	652:710	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	1	34	theme	O4	252:253	arg1	bead					265:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	35	dep	compounds	394:402	arg1	estriol					405:411	estriol	405:411	estriol	405:411	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	35	dep	compounds	394:402	arg1	compounds					394:402	endocrine-disrupting compounds	373:402	endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	373:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	35	dep	compounds	394:402	arg1	β-estradiol					414:424	β-estradiol	414:424	β-estradiol	414:424	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	35	dep	compounds	394:402	arg1	A					440:440	bisphenol A	430:440	bisphenol A	430:440	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	4	36	theme	0.5	995:997	arg1	μg/L					999:1002	μg/L	999:1002	μg/L	999:1002	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	4	36	theme	0.5	995:997	arg1	limit					972:976	the limit	968:976	the limit of detection	968:989	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	5	37	theme	±	1118:1118	arg1	%					1123:1123	98.2 ± 5.5%	1113:1123	98.2 ± 5.5%	1113:1123	The developed method showed a high extraction efficiency, the recoveries were in the range of 90.5 ± 4.1 to 98.2 ± 5.5%.
27449825	1	38	theme	/alginate	255:263	arg1	bead					265:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	2	39	theme	high-performance	547:562	arg1	chromatography					571:584	high-performance liquid chromatography	547:584	high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector	547:613	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	3	40	theme	disrupting	691:700	arg1	compounds					702:710	endocrine disrupting compounds	681:710	endocrine disrupting compounds	681:710	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	6	41	theme	good	1212:1215	arg1	%					1242:1242	RSDs < 5%	1234:1242	RSDs < 5%	1234:1242	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	41	theme	good	1212:1215	arg1	reproducibility					1217:1231	a good reproducibility	1210:1231	a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%)	1210:1243	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	1	42	theme	water	446:450	arg1	samples					452:458	water samples	446:458	water samples	446:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	2	43	theme	extracted	486:494	arg1	compounds					517:525	the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds	482:525	the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds	482:525	The determination of the extracted endocrine-disrupting compounds was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector.
27449825	7	44	theme	water	1381:1385	arg1	samples					1387:1393	water samples	1381:1393	water samples	1381:1393	The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water samples.
27449825	7	45	theme	developed	1280:1288	arg1	method					1290:1295	The developed method	1276:1295	The developed method	1276:1295	The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water samples.
27449825	1	46	from	compounds	394:402	arg1	samples					452:458	water samples	446:458	water samples	446:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	5	47	theme	extraction	1040:1049	arg1	efficiency					1051:1060	a high extraction efficiency	1033:1060	a high extraction efficiency	1033:1060	The developed method showed a high extraction efficiency, the recoveries were in the range of 90.5 ± 4.1 to 98.2 ± 5.5%.
27449825	4	48	from	range	939:943	arg1	linear					911:916	linear	911:916	linear	911:916	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	4	48	from	range	939:943	arg1	curves					899:904	the calibration curves	883:904	the calibration curves	883:904	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	1	49	theme	alginate	166:173	arg1	beads					175:179	alginate beads	166:179	alginate beads	166:179	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	4	50	theme	concentration	925:937	arg1	range					939:943	the concentration range	921:943	the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L	921:961	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	speed					823:827	stirring speed	814:827	stirring speed	814:827	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	type					758:761	the type and amount	754:772	type	758:761	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	pH					793:794	sample pH	786:794	sample pH	786:794	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	amount					767:772	the type and amount	754:772	amount	767:772	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	conditions					845:854	desorption conditions	834:854	desorption conditions	834:854	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	sorbent					777:783	sorbent	777:783	sorbent	777:783	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	51	theme	sorbent	777:783	arg1	time					808:811	extraction time	797:811	extraction time	797:811	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	1	52	dep	prepared	226:233	arg1	bead					265:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead	236:268	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	4	53	from	linear	911:916	arg1	range					939:943	the concentration range	921:943	the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L	921:961	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	6	54	theme	<	1239:1239	arg1	%					1242:1242	RSDs < 5%	1234:1242	RSDs < 5%	1234:1242	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	54	theme	<	1239:1239	arg1	reproducibility					1217:1231	a good reproducibility	1210:1231	a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%)	1210:1243	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	1	55	theme	endocrine-disrupting	373:392	arg1	estriol					405:411	estriol	405:411	estriol	405:411	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	55	theme	endocrine-disrupting	373:392	arg1	compounds					394:402	endocrine-disrupting compounds	373:402	endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	373:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	55	theme	endocrine-disrupting	373:392	arg1	β-estradiol					414:424	β-estradiol	414:424	β-estradiol	414:424	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	55	theme	endocrine-disrupting	373:392	arg1	A					440:440	bisphenol A	430:440	bisphenol A	430:440	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	5	56	theme	developed	1009:1017	arg1	method					1019:1024	The developed method	1005:1024	The developed method	1005:1024	The developed method showed a high extraction efficiency, the recoveries were in the range of 90.5 ± 4.1 to 98.2 ± 5.5%.
27449825	7	57	theme	endocrine-disrupting	1347:1366	arg1	compounds					1368:1376	endocrine-disrupting compounds	1347:1376	endocrine-disrupting compounds	1347:1376	The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of endocrine-disrupting compounds in water samples.
27449825	6	58	theme	RSDs	1234:1237	arg1	%					1242:1242	RSDs < 5%	1234:1242	RSDs < 5%	1234:1242	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	6	58	theme	RSDs	1234:1237	arg1	reproducibility					1217:1231	a good reproducibility	1210:1231	a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%)	1210:1243	The developed sorbent was easy to prepare, was cost-effective, robust, and provided a good reproducibility (RSDs < 5%), and could be reused 16 times.
27449825	3	59	theme	compounds	702:710	arg1	efficiency					667:676	the extraction efficiency	652:676	the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds	652:710	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	4	60	theme	detection	981:989	arg1	μg/L					999:1002	μg/L	999:1002	μg/L	999:1002	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	4	60	theme	detection	981:989	arg1	limit					972:976	the limit	968:976	the limit of detection	968:989	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	1	61	used	used	275:278	arg2	extraction					317:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction	283:326	an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples	283:458	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	61	used	used	275:278	arg2	nanoparticles					134:146	Magnetite nanoparticles	124:146	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent	124:219	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	5	62	theme	high	1035:1038	arg1	efficiency					1051:1060	a high extraction efficiency	1033:1060	a high extraction efficiency	1033:1060	The developed method showed a high extraction efficiency, the recoveries were in the range of 90.5 ± 4.1 to 98.2 ± 5.5%.
27449825	0	63	theme	endocrine-disrupting	92:111	arg1	compounds					113:121	endocrine-disrupting compounds	92:121	endocrine-disrupting compounds	92:121	Polypyrrole-coated alginate/magnetite nanoparticles composite sorbent for the extraction of endocrine-disrupting compounds.
27449825	1	64	theme	compounds	394:402	arg1	enrichment					359:368	enrichment	359:368	enrichment	359:368	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	1	64	theme	compounds	394:402	arg1	extraction					344:353	extraction	344:353	extraction	344:353	Magnetite nanoparticles incorporated into alginate beads and coated with a polypyrrole adsorbent were prepared (polypyrrole/Fe3 O4 /alginate bead) and used as an effective magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for the extraction and enrichment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (estriol, β-estradiol and bisphenol A) in water samples.
27449825	4	65	theme	calibration	887:897	arg1	linear					911:916	linear	911:916	linear	911:916	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	4	65	theme	calibration	887:897	arg1	curves					899:904	the calibration curves	883:904	the calibration curves	883:904	Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 μg/L, and the limit of detection was 0.5 μg/L.
27449825	3	66	theme	extraction	797:806	arg1	time					808:811	extraction time	797:811	extraction time	797:811	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
27449825	3	67	from	effect	620:625	arg1	efficiency					667:676	the extraction efficiency	652:676	the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds	652:710	The effect of various parameters on the extraction efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds were investigated and optimized including the type and amount of sorbent, sample pH, extraction time, stirring speed, and desorption conditions.
29332902	6	0	dep	wk	810:811	arg1	m/min					817:821	25 m/min	814:821	25 m/min	814:821	Treadmill exercise was performed for 3 wk (25 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk) after 5-d adaption to running at that speed.
29332902	6	0	dep	wk	810:811	arg1	min/d					827:831	30 min/d	824:831	30 min/d	824:831	Treadmill exercise was performed for 3 wk (25 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk) after 5-d adaption to running at that speed.
29332902	6	0	dep	wk	810:811	arg1	d/wk					836:839	3 d/wk	834:839	3 d/wk	834:839	Treadmill exercise was performed for 3 wk (25 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk) after 5-d adaption to running at that speed.
29332902	2	1	from	accumulation	320:331	arg1	rats					342:345	obese rats	336:345	obese rats	336:345	We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats.
29332902	7	2	theme	adipose	956:962	arg1	tissues					964:970	abdominal adipose tissues	946:970	abdominal adipose tissues	946:970	Both ESG and exercise significantly reduced the weights of abdominal adipose tissues.
29332902	2	3	theme	synthesized	268:278	arg1	ESG					290:292	ESG	290:292	ESG	290:292	We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats.
29332902	2	3	theme	synthesized	268:278	arg1	glycogen					280:287	enzymatically synthesized glycogen	254:287	enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG)	254:293	We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats.
29332902	9	4	theme	palmitoyltransferase	1327:1346	arg1	b					1348:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	8	5	theme	abdominal	1047:1055	arg1	accumulation					1061:1072	abdominal fat accumulation	1047:1072	abdominal fat accumulation	1047:1072	In addition, the combination of ESG and exercise significantly suppressed abdominal fat accumulation, suggesting that ESG and exercise showed an additive effect.
29332902	10	6	from	levels	1505:1510	arg1	muscle					1551:1556	the gastrocnemius muscle	1533:1556	the gastrocnemius muscle	1533:1556	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	4	7	theme	-fed	630:633	arg1	mice					635:638	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	2	8	theme	abdominal	306:314	arg1	accumulation					320:331	abdominal fat accumulation	306:331	abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats	306:345	We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats.
29332902	10	9	theme	dietary	1460:1466	arg1	ESG					1468:1470	dietary ESG	1460:1470	dietary ESG	1460:1470	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	5	10	theme	20	748:749	arg1	%					750:750	%	750:750	%	750:750	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	0	11	from	Accumulation	76:87	arg1	Mice					110:113	High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	92:113	High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	92:113	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	10	12	theme	PPARδ	1515:1519	arg1	levels					1505:1510	the mRNA levels	1496:1510	the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle	1496:1556	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	4	13	theme	diet	620:623	arg1	mice					635:638	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	11	14	theme	different	1698:1706	arg1	mechanisms					1708:1717	different mechanisms	1698:1717	different mechanisms	1698:1717	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	11	15	theme	exercise	1620:1627	arg1	treatment					1599:1607	the combined treatment	1586:1607	the combined treatment of ESG and exercise	1586:1627	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	5	16	theme	ICR	646:648	arg1	mice					650:653	Male ICR mice	641:653	Male ICR mice	641:653	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	4	17	with	combination	552:562	arg1	exercise					569:576	exercise	569:576	exercise	569:576	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	1	18	theme	diet	135:138	arg1	combination					120:130	The combination	116:130	The combination of diet and exercise	116:151	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	1	18	theme	diet	135:138	arg1	choice					166:171	the first choice	156:171	the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome	156:223	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	11	19	theme	ESG	1612:1614	arg1	treatment					1599:1607	the combined treatment	1586:1607	the combined treatment of ESG and exercise	1586:1627	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	0	20	theme	Abdominal	62:70	arg1	Accumulation					76:87	Abdominal Fat Accumulation	62:87	Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	62:113	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	1	21	theme	exercise	144:151	arg1	combination					120:130	The combination	116:130	The combination of diet and exercise	116:151	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	1	21	theme	exercise	144:151	arg1	choice					166:171	the first choice	156:171	the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome	156:223	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	5	22	contain	containing	694:703	arg1	HFD					690:692	HFD	690:692	HFD containing 20% ESG	690:711	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	5	22	contain	containing	694:703	arg1	HFD					685:687	HFD	685:687	HFD	685:687	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	5	22	contain	containing	694:703	arg2	ESG					709:711	20% ESG	705:711	20% ESG	705:711	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	11	23	theme	fat	1662:1664	arg1	accumulation					1666:1677	abdominal fat accumulation	1652:1677	abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice	1652:1693	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	5	24	theme	20	705:706	arg1	%					707:707	%	707:707	%	707:707	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	0	25	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Accumulation					76:87	Abdominal Fat Accumulation	62:87	Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	62:113	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	0	26	theme	High-Fat	92:99	arg1	Mice					110:113	High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	92:113	High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	92:113	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	3	27	from	effect	361:366	arg1	accumulation					424:435	abdominal fat accumulation	410:435	abdominal fat accumulation	410:435	However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated.
29332902	3	28	theme	fat	420:422	arg1	accumulation					424:435	abdominal fat accumulation	410:435	abdominal fat accumulation	410:435	However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	protein-3					1402:1410	uncoupling protein-3	1391:1410	uncoupling protein-3	1391:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	factor-delta					1296:1307	factor-delta	1296:1307	factor-delta (PPARδ)	1296:1315	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	lipase					1238:1243	lipoprotein lipase	1226:1243	lipoprotein lipase	1226:1243	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	b					1348:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	genes					1212:1216	lipid metabolism-related genes	1187:1216	lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3	1187:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	lipase					1372:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase	1351:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)	1351:1384	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	29	theme	lipid	1187:1191	arg1	delta					1289:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	30	theme	genes	1212:1216	arg1	levels					1177:1182	the mRNA levels	1168:1182	the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3	1168:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	7	31	theme	abdominal	946:954	arg1	tissues					964:970	abdominal adipose tissues	946:970	abdominal adipose tissues	946:970	Both ESG and exercise significantly reduced the weights of abdominal adipose tissues.
29332902	4	32	from	effects	521:527	arg1	accumulation					595:606	abdominal fat accumulation	581:606	abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	581:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	6	33	theme	Treadmill	771:779	arg1	exercise					781:788	Treadmill exercise	771:788	Treadmill exercise	771:788	Treadmill exercise was performed for 3 wk (25 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk) after 5-d adaption to running at that speed.
29332902	4	34	theme	dietary	532:538	arg1	ESG					540:542	dietary ESG	532:542	dietary ESG	532:542	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	10	35	theme	gastrocnemius	1537:1549	arg1	muscle					1551:1556	the gastrocnemius muscle	1533:1556	the gastrocnemius muscle	1533:1556	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	36	theme	carnitin	1318:1325	arg1	b					1348:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	0	37	theme	Glycogen	37:44	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.	0:114	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	0	38	theme	Exercise	50:57	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.	0:114	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	9	39	theme	peroxisome	1246:1255	arg1	delta					1289:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	40	theme	receptor	1280:1287	arg1	delta					1289:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	11	41	theme	combined	1590:1597	arg1	treatment					1599:1607	the combined treatment	1586:1607	the combined treatment of ESG and exercise	1586:1627	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	5	42	dep	containing	737:746	arg1	HFD					714:716	HFD	714:716	HFD	714:716	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	4	43	theme	abdominal	581:589	arg1	fat					591:593	abdominal fat	581:593	abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	581:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	7	44	theme	tissues	964:970	arg1	weights					935:941	the weights	931:941	the weights of abdominal adipose tissues	931:970	Both ESG and exercise significantly reduced the weights of abdominal adipose tissues.
29332902	4	45	with	ESG	540:542	arg1	exercise					569:576	exercise	569:576	exercise	569:576	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	8	46	theme	ESG	1005:1007	arg1	combination					990:1000	the combination	986:1000	the combination of ESG and exercise	986:1020	In addition, the combination of ESG and exercise significantly suppressed abdominal fat accumulation, suggesting that ESG and exercise showed an additive effect.
29332902	5	47	with	HFD	714:716	arg1	exercise					723:730	exercise	723:730	exercise	723:730	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	4	48	theme	combination	552:562	arg1	effects					521:527	the effects	517:527	the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	517:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	10	49	theme	other	1448:1452	arg1	hand					1454:1457	the other hand	1444:1457	the other hand	1444:1457	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	4	50	from	goal	472:475	arg1	study					485:489	this study	480:489	this study	480:489	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	1	51	theme	first	160:164	arg1	choice					166:171	the first choice	156:171	the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome	156:223	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	1	51	theme	first	160:164	arg1	combination					120:130	The combination	116:130	The combination of diet and exercise	116:151	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	8	52	theme	exercise	1013:1020	arg1	combination					990:1000	the combination	986:1000	the combination of ESG and exercise	986:1020	In addition, the combination of ESG and exercise significantly suppressed abdominal fat accumulation, suggesting that ESG and exercise showed an additive effect.
29332902	2	53	theme	fat	316:318	arg1	accumulation					320:331	abdominal fat accumulation	306:331	abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats	306:345	We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats.
29332902	9	54	theme	adipose	1351:1357	arg1	ATGL					1380:1383	ATGL	1380:1383	ATGL	1380:1383	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	54	theme	adipose	1351:1357	arg1	lipase					1372:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase	1351:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)	1351:1384	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	8	55	theme	fat	1057:1059	arg1	accumulation					1061:1072	abdominal fat accumulation	1047:1072	abdominal fat accumulation	1047:1072	In addition, the combination of ESG and exercise significantly suppressed abdominal fat accumulation, suggesting that ESG and exercise showed an additive effect.
29332902	8	56	theme	additive	1118:1125	arg1	effect					1127:1132	an additive effect	1115:1132	an additive effect	1115:1132	In addition, the combination of ESG and exercise significantly suppressed abdominal fat accumulation, suggesting that ESG and exercise showed an additive effect.
29332902	11	57	theme	HFD-fed	1682:1688	arg1	mice					1690:1693	HFD-fed mice	1682:1693	HFD-fed mice	1682:1693	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	4	58	from	accumulation	595:606	arg1	mice					635:638	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	5	59	theme	%	750:750	arg1	ESG					752:754	20% ESG	748:754	20% ESG	748:754	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	11	60	from	accumulation	1666:1677	arg1	mice					1690:1693	HFD-fed mice	1682:1693	HFD-fed mice	1682:1693	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	4	61	theme	high-fat	611:618	arg1	HFD					626:628	HFD	626:628	HFD	626:628	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	4	61	theme	high-fat	611:618	arg1	diet					620:623	high-fat diet	611:623	high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	611:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	10	62	theme	mRNA	1500:1503	arg1	levels					1505:1510	the mRNA levels	1496:1510	the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle	1496:1556	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	5	63	theme	Male	641:644	arg1	mice					650:653	Male ICR mice	641:653	Male ICR mice	641:653	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	5	64	dep	groups	677:682	arg1	containing					737:746	containing	737:746	containing 20% ESG with exercise	737:768	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	0	65	theme	Fat	72:74	arg1	Accumulation					76:87	Abdominal Fat Accumulation	62:87	Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	62:113	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	9	66	theme	uncoupling	1391:1400	arg1	protein-3					1402:1410	uncoupling protein-3	1391:1410	uncoupling protein-3	1391:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	1	67	theme	metabolic	206:214	arg1	syndrome					216:223	metabolic syndrome	206:223	metabolic syndrome	206:223	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	0	68	theme	Diet-Fed	101:108	arg1	Mice					110:113	High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	92:113	High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice	92:113	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	9	69	theme	mRNA	1172:1175	arg1	levels					1177:1182	the mRNA levels	1168:1182	the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3	1168:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	70	theme	gastrocnemius	1419:1431	arg1	muscle					1433:1438	the gastrocnemius muscle	1415:1438	the gastrocnemius muscle	1415:1438	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	6	71	theme	5-d	848:850	arg1	adaption					852:859	5-d adaption	848:859	5-d adaption to running at that speed	848:884	Treadmill exercise was performed for 3 wk (25 m/min, 30 min/d, 3 d/wk) after 5-d adaption to running at that speed.
29332902	11	72	theme	abdominal	1652:1660	arg1	accumulation					1666:1677	abdominal fat accumulation	1652:1677	abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice	1652:1693	These results suggest that the combined treatment of ESG and exercise effectively suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in HFD-fed mice by different mechanisms.
29332902	9	73	theme	triglyceride	1359:1370	arg1	ATGL					1380:1383	ATGL	1380:1383	ATGL	1380:1383	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	73	theme	triglyceride	1359:1370	arg1	lipase					1372:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase	1351:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)	1351:1384	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	10	74	theme	ATGL	1525:1528	arg1	levels					1505:1510	the mRNA levels	1496:1510	the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle	1496:1556	On the other hand, dietary ESG significantly decreased the mRNA levels of PPARδ and ATGL in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	protein-3					1402:1410	uncoupling protein-3	1391:1410	uncoupling protein-3	1391:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	factor-delta					1296:1307	factor-delta	1296:1307	factor-delta (PPARδ)	1296:1315	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	lipase					1238:1243	lipoprotein lipase	1226:1243	lipoprotein lipase	1226:1243	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	b					1348:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	carnitin palmitoyltransferase b	1318:1348	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	genes					1212:1216	lipid metabolism-related genes	1187:1216	lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3	1187:1410	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	lipase					1372:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase	1351:1377	adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)	1351:1384	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	9	75	theme	metabolism-related	1193:1210	arg1	delta					1289:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	3	76	theme	combination	375:385	arg1	effect					361:366	the effect	357:366	the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation	357:435	However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated.
29332902	3	77	theme	abdominal	410:418	arg1	accumulation					424:435	abdominal fat accumulation	410:435	abdominal fat accumulation	410:435	However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated.
29332902	0	78	theme	Synthesized	25:35	arg1	Glycogen					37:44	Glycogen	37:44	Glycogen	37:44	Effects of Enzymatically Synthesized Glycogen and Exercise on Abdominal Fat Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.
29332902	4	79	theme	ESG	540:542	arg1	effects					521:527	the effects	517:527	the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	517:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
29332902	5	80	theme	%	707:707	arg1	ESG					709:711	20% ESG	705:711	20% ESG	705:711	Male ICR mice were assigned to four groups: HFD, HFD containing 20% ESG, HFD with exercise, HFD containing 20% ESG with exercise.
29332902	9	81	theme	lipoprotein	1226:1236	arg1	lipase					1238:1243	lipoprotein lipase	1226:1243	lipoprotein lipase	1226:1243	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	1	82	theme	obesity	194:200	arg1	treatment					181:189	the treatment	177:189	the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome	177:223	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	3	83	theme	exercise	398:405	arg1	combination					375:385	the combination	371:385	the combination of ESG and exercise	371:405	However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated.
29332902	3	84	theme	ESG	390:392	arg1	combination					375:385	the combination	371:385	the combination of ESG and exercise	371:405	However, the effect of the combination of ESG and exercise on abdominal fat accumulation has not yet been investigated.
29332902	2	85	theme	obese	336:340	arg1	rats					342:345	obese rats	336:345	obese rats	336:345	We previously reported that enzymatically synthesized glycogen (ESG) suppresses abdominal fat accumulation in obese rats.
29332902	9	86	theme	proliferator-activated	1257:1278	arg1	delta					1289:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	1246:1293	Exercise significantly increased the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related genes such as lipoprotein lipase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta; factor-delta (PPARδ), carnitin palmitoyltransferase b, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), and uncoupling protein-3 in the gastrocnemius muscle.
29332902	1	87	theme	syndrome	216:223	arg1	treatment					181:189	the treatment	177:189	the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome	177:223	The combination of diet and exercise is the first choice for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
29332902	4	88	theme	fat	591:593	arg1	accumulation					595:606	abdominal fat accumulation	581:606	abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice	581:638	Our goal in this study was therefore to evaluate the effects of dietary ESG and its combination with exercise on abdominal fat accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
27114442	4	0	theme	inflammation	530:541	arg1	process					561:567	the inflammation and wound healing process	526:567	the inflammation and wound healing process	526:567	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	5	1	theme	simple	675:680	arg1	mesh					696:699	simple polypropylene mesh	675:699	simple polypropylene mesh	675:699	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	5	2	theme	1-day	576:580	arg1	implantation					582:593	1-day implantation	576:593	1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen	576:627	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	1	3	theme	closure	150:156	arg1	injury					197:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	3	theme	closure	150:156	arg1	response					221:228	inflammatory response	208:228	inflammatory response	208:228	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	3	theme	closure	150:156	arg1	device					158:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	2	4	contain	has	257:259	arg1	hydrogel					248:255	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel	231:255	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel	231:255	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	2	4	contain	has	257:259	arg2	properties					306:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	8	5	theme	wound	1238:1242	arg1	healing					1244:1250	wound healing	1238:1250	wound healing	1238:1250	In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.
27114442	4	6	theme	healing	553:559	arg1	process					561:567	the inflammation and wound healing process	526:567	the inflammation and wound healing process	526:567	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	5	7	theme	polypropylene	682:694	arg1	mesh					696:699	simple polypropylene mesh	675:699	simple polypropylene mesh	675:699	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	6	8	theme	tumor	871:875	arg1	factor-α					886:893	tumor necrosis factor-α	871:893	tumor necrosis factor-α	871:893	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	6	8	theme	tumor	871:875	arg1	cytokines					843:851	the cytokines	839:851	the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α	839:893	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	6	9	theme	factor	936:941	arg1	interleukin-10					943:956	the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10	914:956	the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10	914:956	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	0	10	theme	abdomen	96:102	arg1	closure					80:86	temporary closure	70:86	temporary closure of open abdomen	70:102	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen.
27114442	4	11	theme	wound	547:551	arg1	healing					553:559	wound healing	547:559	wound healing	547:559	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	8	12	theme	modified	1110:1117	arg1	composite					1147:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.
27114442	3	13	theme	hydrogel	377:384	arg1	mesh					407:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	5	14	theme	coated	634:639	arg1	mesh					655:658	the coated polypropylene mesh	630:658	the coated polypropylene mesh	630:658	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	2	15	theme	elastic	298:304	arg1	properties					306:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	8	16	theme	abdominal	1129:1137	arg1	composite					1147:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.
27114442	5	17	theme	polypropylene	641:653	arg1	mesh					655:658	the coated polypropylene mesh	630:658	the coated polypropylene mesh	630:658	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	3	18	theme	abdomen	420:426	arg1	wounds					428:433	open abdomen wounds	415:433	open abdomen wounds	415:433	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	8	19	theme	temporary	1119:1127	arg1	composite					1147:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.
27114442	2	20	theme	soft	289:292	arg1	properties					306:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	3	21	theme	mesh	407:410	arg1	effects					345:351	the effects	341:351	the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds	341:433	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	3	22	theme	coated	386:391	arg1	mesh					407:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	8	23	theme	closure	1139:1145	arg1	composite					1147:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	the modified temporary abdominal closure composite	1106:1155	In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.
27114442	6	24	theme	necrosis	877:884	arg1	factor-α					886:893	tumor necrosis factor-α	871:893	tumor necrosis factor-α	871:893	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	6	24	theme	necrosis	877:884	arg1	cytokines					843:851	the cytokines	839:851	the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α	839:893	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	5	25	theme	open	616:619	arg1	abdomen					621:627	open abdomen	616:627	open abdomen	616:627	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	1	26	theme	mechanical	176:185	arg1	injury					197:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	26	theme	mechanical	176:185	arg1	response					221:228	inflammatory response	208:228	inflammatory response	208:228	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	26	theme	mechanical	176:185	arg1	device					158:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	0	27	theme	mesh	28:31	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh	0:31	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen.
27114442	7	28	theme	tissue	1007:1012	arg1	growth					1014:1019	granulation tissue growth	995:1019	granulation tissue growth	995:1019	Meanwhile, the composite stimulated granulation tissue growth, and promoted matrix deposition and angiogenesis after 7 and 14 days.
27114442	5	29	theme	abdomen	621:627	arg1	model					607:611	a murine model	598:611	a murine model of open abdomen	598:627	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	6	30	dep	cytokines	843:851	arg1	interleukin-6					853:865	interleukin-6	853:865	interleukin-6	853:865	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	6	30	dep	cytokines	843:851	arg1	factor-α					886:893	tumor necrosis factor-α	871:893	tumor necrosis factor-α	871:893	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	6	30	dep	cytokines	843:851	arg1	cytokines					843:851	the cytokines	839:851	the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α	839:893	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	1	31	theme	intestine	187:195	arg1	injury					197:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	31	theme	intestine	187:195	arg1	response					221:228	inflammatory response	208:228	inflammatory response	208:228	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	31	theme	intestine	187:195	arg1	device					158:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	3	32	theme	polypropylene	393:405	arg1	mesh					407:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	5	33	theme	intestine	738:746	arg1	serosa					748:753	the intestine serosa	734:753	the intestine serosa	734:753	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	4	34	theme	healing-related	475:489	arg1	factors					491:497	healing-related factors	475:497	healing-related factors	475:497	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	1	35	theme	Polypropylene	105:117	arg1	mesh					119:122	Polypropylene mesh	105:122	Polypropylene mesh	105:122	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	7	36	theme	matrix	1035:1040	arg1	deposition					1042:1051	matrix deposition	1035:1051	matrix deposition	1035:1051	Meanwhile, the composite stimulated granulation tissue growth, and promoted matrix deposition and angiogenesis after 7 and 14 days.
27114442	5	37	theme	serosa	748:753	arg1	protection					720:729	protection	720:729	protection of the intestine serosa	720:753	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	6	38	theme	anti-inflammatory	918:934	arg1	interleukin-10					943:956	the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10	914:956	the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10	914:956	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	5	39	from	implantation	582:593	arg1	model					607:611	a murine model	598:611	a murine model of open abdomen	598:627	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	2	40	theme	Chitosan/gelatin	231:246	arg1	hydrogel					248:255	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel	231:255	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel	231:255	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	6	41	theme	inflammation	798:809	arg1	response					811:818	the inflammation response	794:818	the inflammation response	794:818	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	1	42	theme	inflammatory	208:219	arg1	injury					197:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	42	theme	inflammatory	208:219	arg1	response					221:228	inflammatory response	208:228	inflammatory response	208:228	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	42	theme	inflammatory	208:219	arg1	device					158:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	3	43	theme	open	415:418	arg1	wounds					428:433	open abdomen wounds	415:433	open abdomen wounds	415:433	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	3	44	theme	chitosan/gelatin	360:375	arg1	mesh					407:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh	356:410	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	4	45	theme	factors	491:497	arg1	detection					462:470	detection	462:470	detection	462:470	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	4	45	theme	factors	491:497	arg1	analysis					449:456	Histological analysis	436:456	Histological analysis	436:456	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	0	46	theme	biological	45:54	arg1	hydrogels					56:64	biological hydrogels	45:64	biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen	45:102	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen.
27114442	4	47	theme	Histological	436:447	arg1	analysis					449:456	Histological analysis	436:456	Histological analysis	436:456	Histological analysis and detection of healing-related factors were conducted to evaluate the inflammation and wound healing process.
27114442	5	48	theme	murine	600:605	arg1	model					607:611	a murine model	598:611	a murine model of open abdomen	598:627	After 1-day implantation in a murine model of open abdomen, the coated polypropylene mesh, compared with simple polypropylene mesh, demonstrated well protection of the intestine serosa.
27114442	7	49	theme	granulation	995:1005	arg1	growth					1014:1019	granulation tissue growth	995:1019	granulation tissue growth	995:1019	Meanwhile, the composite stimulated granulation tissue growth, and promoted matrix deposition and angiogenesis after 7 and 14 days.
27114442	8	50	theme	mechanical	1205:1214	arg1	damage					1216:1221	mechanical damage	1205:1221	mechanical damage	1205:1221	In conclusion, the modified temporary abdominal closure composite could significantly protect the intestines from mechanical damage and accelerate wound healing.
27114442	2	51	theme	biocompatibility	271:286	arg1	properties					306:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	0	52	theme	temporary	70:78	arg1	closure					80:86	temporary closure	70:86	temporary closure of open abdomen	70:102	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen.
27114442	3	53	from	effects	345:351	arg1	wounds					428:433	open abdomen wounds	415:433	open abdomen wounds	415:433	This work is to assess the effects of the chitosan/gelatin hydrogel coated polypropylene mesh on open abdomen wounds.
27114442	2	54	theme	excellent	261:269	arg1	properties					306:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties	261:315	Chitosan/gelatin hydrogel has excellent biocompatibility, soft and elastic properties.
27114442	1	55	theme	temporary	130:138	arg1	injury					197:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	55	theme	temporary	130:138	arg1	response					221:228	inflammatory response	208:228	inflammatory response	208:228	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	55	theme	temporary	130:138	arg1	device					158:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	0	56	theme	polypropylene	14:26	arg1	mesh					28:31	polypropylene mesh	14:31	polypropylene mesh	14:31	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen.
27114442	6	57	theme	14-day	762:767	arg1	implantation					769:780	14-day implantation	762:780	14-day implantation	762:780	After 14-day implantation, it reduced the inflammation response by down-regulating the cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10.
27114442	1	58	theme	abdominal	140:148	arg1	injury					197:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	mechanical intestine injury	176:202	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	58	theme	abdominal	140:148	arg1	response					221:228	inflammatory response	208:228	inflammatory response	208:228	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	1	58	theme	abdominal	140:148	arg1	device					158:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	a temporary abdominal closure device	128:163	Polypropylene mesh, as a temporary abdominal closure device, may cause mechanical intestine injury and inflammatory response.
27114442	0	59	theme	open	91:94	arg1	abdomen					96:102	open abdomen	91:102	open abdomen	91:102	Evaluation of polypropylene mesh coated with biological hydrogels for temporary closure of open abdomen.
26878419	3	0	dep	4EBP1	1128:1132	arg1	±					1155:1155	0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09	1135:1191	±	1155:1155	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	0	dep	4EBP1	1128:1132	arg1	±					1186:1186	0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09	1135:1191	±	1186:1186	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	0	dep	4EBP1	1128:1132	arg1	±					1140:1140	0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09	1135:1191	±	1140:1140	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	0	dep	4EBP1	1128:1132	arg1	±					1171:1171	0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09	1135:1191	±	1171:1171	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	1	theme	total	1037:1041	arg1	mTOR					1062:1065	total and phosphorylated mTOR	1037:1065	total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02)	1037:1125	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	1	2	theme	ubiquitin-proteasome	340:359	arg1	pathways					371:378	ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways	340:378	ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle	340:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	3	dep	diet	1011:1014	arg1	A.					1016:1017	A.	1016:1017	A.	1016:1017	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	2	4	theme	%	510:510	arg1	%					523:523	30.9% starch; 5.9%	506:523	30.9% starch; 5.9%	506:523	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	4	theme	%	510:510	arg1	EE					557:558	EE	557:558	EE	557:558	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	0	5	theme	Pigs	71:74	arg1	Muscle					51:56	Skeletal Muscle	42:56	Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs	42:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	6	theme	rapamycin	319:327	arg1	target					309:314	the mammalian target	295:314	the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle	295:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	2	7	theme	ether	542:546	arg1	extract					548:554	14.3% ether extract	536:554	14.3% ether extract	536:554	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	8	theme	starch	512:517	arg1	%					523:523	30.9% starch; 5.9%	506:523	30.9% starch; 5.9%	506:523	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	8	theme	starch	512:517	arg1	EE					557:558	EE	557:558	EE	557:558	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	3	9	dep	insulin	786:792	arg1	±					813:813	8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2	795:817	±	813:813	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	9	dep	insulin	786:792	arg1	±					799:799	8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2	795:817	±	799:799	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	10	theme	mRNA	650:653	arg1	expression					655:664	mRNA expression	650:664	mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11)	650:741	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	11	theme	diet	1406:1409	arg1	C					1411:1411	diet C	1406:1411	diet C	1406:1411	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	0	12	from	Suppression	0:10	arg1	Muscle					51:56	Skeletal Muscle	42:56	Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs	42:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	13	theme	dietary	427:433	arg1	sources					442:448	dietary energy sources	427:448	dietary energy sources	427:448	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	14	theme	diet	990:993	arg1	C					995:995	diet C	990:995	diet C	990:995	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	15	theme	S6K1	1199:1202	arg1	levels					1027:1032	Protein levels	1019:1032	Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02)	1019:1262	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	0	16	from	Muscle	51:56	arg1	Suppression					0:10	Suppression	0:10	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.	0:193	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	0	17	theme	Starch	164:169	arg1	Expense					153:159	the Expense	149:159	the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets	149:192	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	18	theme	energy	435:440	arg1	sources					442:448	dietary energy sources	427:448	dietary energy sources	427:448	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	2	19	theme	neutral	590:596	arg1	fiber					608:612	neutral detergent fiber	590:612	neutral detergent fiber	590:612	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	1	20	theme	finishing	253:261	arg1	pigs					263:266	finishing pigs	253:266	finishing pigs	253:266	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	21	theme	4EBP1	1128:1132	arg1	levels					1027:1032	Protein levels	1019:1032	Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02)	1019:1262	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	1	22	theme	sources	442:448	arg1	compositions					411:422	compositions	411:422	compositions of dietary energy sources	411:448	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	4	23	from	pathway	1526:1532	arg1	muscle					1546:1551	skeletal muscle	1537:1551	skeletal muscle of finishing pigs	1537:1569	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
26878419	2	24	theme	diet	471:474	arg1	C					476:476	diet C	471:476	diet C	471:476	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	25	theme	diet	459:462	arg1	B					464:464	diet B	459:464	diet B	459:464	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	0	26	theme	Iso-energetic	174:186	arg1	Diets					188:192	Iso-energetic Diets	174:192	Iso-energetic Diets	174:192	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	3	27	theme	insulin	786:792	arg1	concentrations					761:774	concentrations	761:774	concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	761:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	28	dep	A.	1016:1017	arg1	decreased					1269:1277	decreased	1269:1277	were decreased	1264:1277	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	29	theme	Akt	931:933	arg1	expression					880:889	mRNA expression	875:889	mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	875:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	30	theme	diet	1427:1430	arg1	A					1432:1432	diet A	1427:1432	diet A	1427:1432	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	0	31	from	Pathways	30:37	arg1	Muscle					51:56	Skeletal Muscle	42:56	Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs	42:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	3	32	dep	S6K1	1199:1202	arg1	±					1241:1241	0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02	1205:1261	±	1241:1241	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	32	dep	S6K1	1199:1202	arg1	±					1256:1256	0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02	1205:1261	±	1256:1256	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	32	dep	S6K1	1199:1202	arg1	±					1225:1225	0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02	1205:1261	±	1225:1225	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	32	dep	S6K1	1199:1202	arg1	±					1210:1210	0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02	1205:1261	±	1210:1210	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	4	33	theme	finishing	1556:1564	arg1	pigs					1566:1569	finishing pigs	1556:1569	finishing pigs	1556:1569	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
26878419	3	34	dep	MuRF1	669:673	arg1	±					681:681	1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08	676:701	±	681:681	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	34	dep	MuRF1	669:673	arg1	±					696:696	1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08	676:701	±	696:696	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	4	35	theme	mTOR	1472:1475	arg1	pathway					1477:1483	the mTOR pathway	1468:1483	the mTOR pathway	1468:1483	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
26878419	0	36	theme	Signaling	20:28	arg1	Pathways					30:37	mTOR Signaling Pathways	15:37	mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs	15:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	4	37	theme	diet	1450:1453	arg1	C					1455:1455	diet C	1450:1455	diet C	1450:1455	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
26878419	0	38	theme	Extract	110:116	arg1	Ratios					94:99	the Ratios	90:99	the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber	90:144	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	3	39	theme	plasma	779:784	arg1	insulin					786:792	plasma insulin	779:792	plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2)	779:818	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	4	40	theme	ubiquitin-proteasome	1505:1524	arg1	pathway					1526:1532	the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway	1501:1532	the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs	1501:1569	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
26878419	0	41	theme	mTOR	15:18	arg1	Pathways					30:37	mTOR Signaling Pathways	15:37	mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs	15:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	0	42	theme	Ether	104:108	arg1	Extract					110:116	Ether Extract	104:116	Ether Extract	104:116	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	43	theme	signaling	361:369	arg1	pathways					371:378	ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways	340:378	ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle	340:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	44	theme	MAFbx	708:712	arg1	expression					655:664	mRNA expression	650:664	mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11)	650:741	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	2	45	dep	%	570:570	arg1	fiber					608:612	neutral detergent fiber	590:612	neutral detergent fiber	590:612	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	0	46	from	Expense	153:159	arg1	Diets					188:192	Iso-energetic Diets	174:192	Iso-energetic Diets	174:192	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	0	47	theme	Neutral	122:128	arg1	Fiber					140:144	Neutral Detergent Fiber	122:144	Neutral Detergent Fiber	122:144	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	48	theme	pathways	371:378	arg1	target					309:314	the mammalian target	295:314	the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle	295:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	49	dep	IRS	894:896	arg1	±					904:904	0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05	899:924	±	904:904	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	49	dep	IRS	894:896	arg1	±					919:919	0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05	899:924	±	919:919	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	2	50	theme	detergent	598:606	arg1	fiber					608:612	neutral detergent fiber	590:612	neutral detergent fiber	590:612	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	3	51	dep	mTOR	1062:1065	arg1	±					1119:1119	0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02	1068:1124	±	1119:1119	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	51	dep	mTOR	1062:1065	arg1	±					1073:1073	0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02	1068:1124	±	1073:1073	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	51	dep	mTOR	1062:1065	arg1	±					1104:1104	0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02	1068:1124	±	1104:1104	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	51	dep	mTOR	1062:1065	arg1	±					1088:1088	0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02	1068:1124	±	1088:1088	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	0	52	theme	Pathways	30:37	arg1	Suppression					0:10	Suppression	0:10	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.	0:193	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	3	53	theme	glucose	824:830	arg1	concentrations					761:774	concentrations	761:774	concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	761:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	54	theme	IRS	894:896	arg1	expression					880:889	mRNA expression	875:889	mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	875:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	55	theme	mRNA	875:878	arg1	expression					880:889	mRNA expression	875:889	mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	875:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	2	56	theme	Diet	451:454	arg1	A					456:456	Diet A	451:456	Diet A	451:456	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	4	57	theme	pigs	1566:1569	arg1	muscle					1546:1551	skeletal muscle	1537:1551	skeletal muscle of finishing pigs	1537:1569	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
26878419	0	58	theme	Fiber	140:144	arg1	Ratios					94:99	the Ratios	90:99	the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber	90:144	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	59	theme	skeletal	383:390	arg1	muscle					392:397	skeletal muscle	383:397	skeletal muscle	383:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	60	theme	Protein	1019:1025	arg1	levels					1027:1032	Protein levels	1019:1032	Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02)	1019:1262	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	61	located	observed	969:976	arg1	pigs					981:984	pigs	981:984	pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased	981:1277	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	61	located	observed	969:976	arg2	increase					638:645	An increase	635:645	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11)	635:741	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	61	located	observed	969:976	arg2	decrease					749:756	a decrease	747:756	a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	747:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	0	62	theme	Skeletal	42:49	arg1	Muscle					51:56	Skeletal Muscle	42:56	Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs	42:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	0	63	theme	Detergent	130:138	arg1	Fiber					140:144	Neutral Detergent Fiber	122:144	Neutral Detergent Fiber	122:144	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	1	64	theme	muscle	392:397	arg1	rapamycin					319:327	rapamycin	319:327	rapamycin (mTOR)	319:334	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	1	64	theme	muscle	392:397	arg1	pathways					371:378	ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways	340:378	ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle	340:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	1	64	theme	muscle	392:397	arg1	mTOR					330:333	mTOR	330:333	mTOR	330:333	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	65	dep	Akt	931:933	arg1	±					956:956	0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05	936:961	±	956:956	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	65	dep	Akt	931:933	arg1	±					941:941	0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05	936:961	±	941:941	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	66	theme	MuRF1	669:673	arg1	expression					655:664	mRNA expression	650:664	mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11)	650:741	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	1	67	theme	mammalian	299:307	arg1	target					309:314	the mammalian target	295:314	the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle	295:397	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	68	theme	phosphorylated	1299:1312	arg1	AMPK					1314:1317	phosphorylated AMPK	1299:1317	phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09)	1299:1377	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	69	theme	mTOR	1062:1065	arg1	levels					1027:1032	Protein levels	1019:1032	Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02)	1019:1262	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	2	70	theme	%	540:540	arg1	extract					548:554	14.3% ether extract	536:554	14.3% ether extract	536:554	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	1	71	theme	iso-energetic	201:213	arg1	diets					235:239	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	195:239	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	195:239	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	72	theme	expression	655:664	arg1	increase					638:645	An increase	635:645	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11)	635:741	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	72	theme	expression	655:664	arg1	decrease					749:756	a decrease	747:756	a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	747:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	0	73	theme	Finishing	61:69	arg1	Pigs					71:74	Finishing Pigs	61:74	Finishing Pigs	61:74	Suppression of mTOR Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle of Finishing Pigs by Increasing the Ratios of Ether Extract and Neutral Detergent Fiber at the Expense of Starch in Iso-energetic Diets.
26878419	3	74	dep	AMPK	1314:1317	arg1	±					1325:1325	0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09	1320:1376	±	1325:1325	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	74	dep	AMPK	1314:1317	arg1	±					1340:1340	0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09	1320:1376	±	1340:1340	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	74	dep	AMPK	1314:1317	arg1	±					1371:1371	0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09	1320:1376	±	1371:1371	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	74	dep	AMPK	1314:1317	arg1	±					1356:1356	0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09	1320:1376	±	1356:1356	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	75	theme	concentrations	761:774	arg1	increase					638:645	An increase	635:645	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11)	635:741	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	75	theme	concentrations	761:774	arg1	decrease					749:756	a decrease	747:756	a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05)	747:962	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	76	dep	MAFbx	708:712	arg1	±					720:720	1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11	715:740	±	720:720	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	76	dep	MAFbx	708:712	arg1	±					735:735	1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11	715:740	±	735:735	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	1	77	theme	iso-nitrogenous	219:233	arg1	diets					235:239	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	195:239	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets	195:239	Three iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets were fed to finishing pigs for 28 days to investigate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome signaling pathways of skeletal muscle by altering compositions of dietary energy sources.
26878419	3	78	dep	glucose	824:830	arg1	±					853:853	5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33	833:858	±	853:853	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	78	dep	glucose	824:830	arg1	±					838:838	5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33	833:858	±	838:838	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	3	79	theme	phosphorylated	1047:1060	arg1	mTOR					1062:1065	total and phosphorylated mTOR	1037:1065	total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02)	1037:1125	An increase of mRNA expression of MuRF1 (1.09 ± 0.10 vs 1.00 ± 0.08) and MAFbx (1.10 ± 0.06 vs 1.00 ± 0.11) and a decrease of concentrations of plasma insulin (8.2 ± 0.8 vs 10.8 ± 1.2) and glucose (5.76 ± 0.12 vs 6.43 ± 0.33) together with mRNA expression of IRS (0.78 ± 0.19 vs 1.01 ± 0.05) and Akt (0.92 ± 0.01 vs 1.00 ± 0.05) were observed in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A. Protein levels of total and phosphorylated mTOR (0.31 ± 0.04 vs 0.48 ± 0.03 and 0.39 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02), 4EBP1 (0.66 ± 0.06 vs 0.90 ± 0.09 and 0.60 ± 0.12 vs 0.84 ± 0.09), and S6K1 (0.66 ± 0.01 vs 0.89 ± 0.01 and 0.48 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.02) were decreased; however, total and phosphorylated AMPK (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.97 ± 0.09 vs 0.61 ± 0.09) were increased in pigs fed diet C compared with diet A.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg1	C					476:476	diet C	471:476	diet C	471:476	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg2	%					570:570	12.6%	566:570	12.6%	566:570	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg2	%					492:492	44.1%	488:492	44.1%	488:492	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg2	EE					557:558	EE	557:558	EE	557:558	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg2	%					499:499	37.6%	495:499	37.6%	495:499	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg1	B					464:464	diet B	459:464	diet B	459:464	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg2	%					523:523	30.9% starch; 5.9%	506:523	30.9% starch; 5.9%	506:523	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg2	NDF					615:617	NDF	615:617	NDF	615:617	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	2	80	contain	contained	478:486	arg1	A					456:456	Diet A	451:456	Diet A	451:456	Diet A, diet B, and diet C contained 44.1%, 37.6%, and 30.9% starch; 5.9%, 9.5%, and 14.3% ether extract (EE); and 12.6%, 15.4%, and 17.8% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), respectively.
26878419	4	81	theme	skeletal	1537:1544	arg1	muscle					1546:1551	skeletal muscle	1537:1551	skeletal muscle of finishing pigs	1537:1569	In conclusion, diet C suppressed the mTOR pathway and accelerated the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skeletal muscle of finishing pigs.
24668843	2	0	theme	1 → 4	619:623	arg1	-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan					625:667	disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan	609:667	disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan)	609:680	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	2	0	theme	1 → 4	619:623	arg1	S-chitosan					670:679	S-chitosan	670:679	S-chitosan	670:679	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	4	1	theme	combined	947:954	arg1	scaffolds					956:964	combined scaffolds	947:964	combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan	947:1052	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	2	2	theme	disodium	609:616	arg1	-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan					625:667	disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan	609:667	disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan)	609:680	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	2	2	theme	disodium	609:616	arg1	S-chitosan					670:679	S-chitosan	670:679	S-chitosan	670:679	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	4	3	theme	regeneration	1165:1176	arg1	enhancement					1090:1100	enhancement	1090:1100	enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan	1090:1138	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	4	3	theme	regeneration	1165:1176	arg1	inhibition					1144:1153	inhibition	1144:1153	inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan	1144:1196	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	6	4	theme	P/T/P-chitosan	1612:1625	arg1	group					1627:1631	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1608:1631	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1608:1631	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	4	5	theme	defect	1235:1240	arg1	model					1242:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model	1202:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour	1202:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	2	6	theme	osteoblasts	584:594	arg1	activity					596:603	osteoblasts activity	584:603	osteoblasts activity	584:603	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	8	7	theme	recurrence	2125:2134	arg1	prevention					2105:2114	the prevention	2101:2114	the prevention of local recurrence	2101:2134	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	7	8	theme	P/T/P-chitosan	1851:1864	arg1	scaffold					1866:1873	the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold	1847:1873	the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold	1847:1873	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	4	9	theme	established	1205:1215	arg1	model					1242:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model	1202:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour	1202:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	0	10	theme	defect	121:126	arg1	model					128:132	a rabbit ulna defect model	107:132	a rabbit ulna defect model	107:132	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	7	11	contain	possessed	1757:1765	arg1	scaffolds					1747:1755	P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds	1730:1755	P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds	1730:1755	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	7	11	contain	possessed	1757:1765	arg2	potential					1783:1791	more osteogenic potential	1767:1791	more osteogenic potential	1767:1791	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	4	12	theme	ulnar	1224:1228	arg1	model					1242:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model	1202:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour	1202:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	8	13	theme	P/T/PSP-chitosan	2019:2034	arg1	function					1994:2001	a dual function	1987:2001	a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection	1987:2192	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	6	14	theme	P/T/PSP-chitosan	1662:1677	arg1	p < 0.05					1686:1693	p < 0.05	1686:1693	p < 0.05	1686:1693	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	6	14	theme	P/T/PSP-chitosan	1662:1677	arg1	group					1679:1683	the P/T/PSP-chitosan group	1658:1683	the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05)	1658:1694	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	3	15	theme	scaffold	820:827	arg1	kinds					796:800	two kinds	792:800	two kinds	792:800	First, P-chitosan and S-chitosan were respectively incorporated into two kinds of PLGA/TCP-based scaffold, i.e. PLGA-TCP-P-chitosan (P/T/P-chitosan) and PLGA-TCP-S-chitosan (P/T/S-chitosan) scaffolds.
24668843	8	16	theme	further	2040:2046	arg1	validation					2060:2069	further preclinical validation	2040:2069	further preclinical validation	2040:2069	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	5	17	theme	formation	1380:1388	arg1	group					1351:1355	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1332:1355	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1332:1355	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	5	17	theme	formation	1380:1388	arg1	group					1402:1406	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	4	18	theme	bone	1259:1262	arg1	tumour					1284:1289	bone resection post-bone tumour	1259:1289	bone resection post-bone tumour	1259:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	0	19	theme	anti-bone	65:73	arg1	resorption					75:84	anti-bone resorption	65:84	anti-bone resorption	65:84	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	6	20	theme	P/T/PSP-chitosan	1503:1518	arg1	groups					1520:1525	the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1480:1525	the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1480:1525	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	2	21	theme	tumour	482:487	arg1	effect					500:505	the tumour inhibition effect	478:505	the tumour inhibition effect	478:505	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	4	22	theme	post-bone	1274:1282	arg1	tumour					1284:1289	bone resection post-bone tumour	1259:1289	bone resection post-bone tumour	1259:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	9	23	dep	&	2223:2223	arg1	Sons					2225:2228	Sons	2225:2228	Sons	2225:2228	Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
24668843	2	24	theme	phosphorylated	532:545	arg1	P-chitosan					557:566	P-chitosan	557:566	P-chitosan	557:566	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	2	24	theme	phosphorylated	532:545	arg1	chitosan					547:554	water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan	518:554	water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity	518:720	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	6	25	theme	Bone	1450:1453	arg1	BMD					1472:1474	BMD	1472:1474	BMD	1472:1474	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	6	25	theme	Bone	1450:1453	arg1	density					1463:1469	Bone mineral density	1450:1469	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1450:1525	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	1	26	with	biomaterial	148:158	arg1	effect					179:184	a therapeutic effect	165:184	a therapeutic effect	165:184	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	0	27	theme	rabbit	109:114	arg1	model					128:132	a rabbit ulna defect model	107:132	a rabbit ulna defect model	107:132	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	7	28	theme	more	1767:1770	arg1	potential					1783:1791	more osteogenic potential	1767:1791	more osteogenic potential	1767:1791	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	2	29	theme	novel	369:373	arg1	materials					385:393	novel composite materials	369:393	novel composite materials	369:393	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	0	30	theme	Segmental	0:8	arg1	scaffolds					27:35	Segmental composite porous scaffolds	0:35	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties	0:95	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	2	31	theme	resorption	702:711	arg1	activity					713:720	bone resorption activity	697:720	bone resorption activity	697:720	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	2	32	theme	dual	415:418	arg1	properties					420:429	dual properties	415:429	dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption	415:467	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	0	33	theme	porous	20:25	arg1	scaffolds					27:35	Segmental composite porous scaffolds	0:35	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties	0:95	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	1	34	theme	tumours	285:291	arg1	recurrence					266:275	local recurrence	260:275	local recurrence of bone tumours	260:291	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	5	35	theme	P/T	1419:1421	arg1	control					1441:1447	a control	1439:1447	a control	1439:1447	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	5	35	theme	P/T	1419:1421	arg1	group					1423:1427	the P/T group	1415:1427	the P/T group	1415:1427	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	6	36	theme	P/T/P-chitosan	1484:1497	arg1	groups					1520:1525	the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1480:1525	the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1480:1525	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	0	37	dep	osteogenesis	49:60	arg1	properties					86:95	properties	86:95	properties	86:95	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	7	38	theme	bone	1948:1951	arg1	formation					1953:1961	bone formation	1948:1961	bone formation	1948:1961	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	4	39	theme	formation	1110:1118	arg1	enhancement					1090:1100	enhancement	1090:1100	enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan	1090:1138	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	4	39	theme	formation	1110:1118	arg1	inhibition					1144:1153	inhibition	1144:1153	inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan	1144:1196	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	2	40	theme	inhibition	489:498	arg1	effect					500:505	the tumour inhibition effect	478:505	the tumour inhibition effect	478:505	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	8	41	theme	bone	2172:2175	arg1	resection					2184:2192	bone tumour resection	2172:2192	bone tumour resection	2172:2192	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	7	42	theme	osteoblasts	1932:1942	arg1	activities					1918:1927	the activities	1914:1927	the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation	1914:1961	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	1	43	theme	bone	233:236	arg1	formation					238:246	bone formation	233:246	bone formation	233:246	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	2	44	theme	resorption	458:467	arg1	properties					420:429	dual properties	415:429	dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption	415:467	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	4	45	theme	tissue	1158:1163	arg1	regeneration					1165:1176	tissue regeneration	1158:1176	tissue regeneration	1158:1176	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	7	46	theme	S-chitosan	1883:1892	arg1	component					1894:1902	the S-chitosan component	1879:1902	the S-chitosan component	1879:1902	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	8	47	from	validation	2060:2069	arg1	prevention					2105:2114	the prevention	2101:2114	the prevention of local recurrence	2101:2134	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	1	48	theme	local	260:264	arg1	recurrence					266:275	local recurrence	260:275	local recurrence of bone tumours	260:291	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	8	49	theme	dual	1989:1992	arg1	function					1994:2001	a dual function	1987:2001	a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection	1987:2192	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	1	50	theme	therapeutic	167:177	arg1	effect					179:184	a therapeutic effect	165:184	a therapeutic effect	165:184	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	2	51	theme	bone	453:456	arg1	resorption					458:467	bone resorption	453:467	bone resorption	453:467	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	4	52	theme	rabbit	1217:1222	arg1	model					1242:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model	1202:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour	1202:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	8	53	theme	potential	2075:2083	arg1	applications					2085:2096	potential applications	2075:2096	potential applications	2075:2096	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	3	54	theme	PLGA/TCP-based	805:818	arg1	scaffold					820:827	PLGA/TCP-based scaffold	805:827	PLGA/TCP-based scaffold	805:827	First, P-chitosan and S-chitosan were respectively incorporated into two kinds of PLGA/TCP-based scaffold, i.e. PLGA-TCP-P-chitosan (P/T/P-chitosan) and PLGA-TCP-S-chitosan (P/T/S-chitosan) scaffolds.
24668843	8	55	theme	designed	2010:2017	arg1	P/T/PSP-chitosan					2019:2034	the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan	2006:2034	the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan	2006:2034	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	4	56	theme	bone	1230:1233	arg1	model					1242:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model	1202:1246	an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour	1202:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	3	57	dep	P/T/P-chitosan	856:869	arg1	scaffolds					913:921	scaffolds	913:921	scaffolds	913:921	First, P-chitosan and S-chitosan were respectively incorporated into two kinds of PLGA/TCP-based scaffold, i.e. PLGA-TCP-P-chitosan (P/T/P-chitosan) and PLGA-TCP-S-chitosan (P/T/S-chitosan) scaffolds.
24668843	3	57	dep	P/T/P-chitosan	856:869	arg1	i.e.					830:833	i.e.	830:833	i.e.	830:833	First, P-chitosan and S-chitosan were respectively incorporated into two kinds of PLGA/TCP-based scaffold, i.e. PLGA-TCP-P-chitosan (P/T/P-chitosan) and PLGA-TCP-S-chitosan (P/T/S-chitosan) scaffolds.
24668843	6	58	theme	P/T	1583:1585	arg1	group					1587:1591	the P/T group	1579:1591	the P/T group	1579:1591	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	1	59	theme	adjuvant	205:212	arg1	therapy					214:220	an adjuvant therapy	202:220	an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours	202:291	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	8	60	from	applications	2085:2096	arg1	prevention					2105:2114	the prevention	2101:2114	the prevention of local recurrence	2101:2134	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	8	61	theme	preclinical	2048:2058	arg1	validation					2060:2069	further preclinical validation	2040:2069	further preclinical validation	2040:2069	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	4	62	theme	PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan	969:991	arg1	scaffolds					956:964	combined scaffolds	947:964	combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan	947:1052	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	5	63	theme	bone	1375:1378	arg1	formation					1380:1388	bone formation	1375:1388	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	4	64	with	enhancement	1090:1100	arg1	P/T/P-chitosan					1125:1138	P/T/P-chitosan	1125:1138	P/T/P-chitosan	1125:1138	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	4	64	with	enhancement	1090:1100	arg1	P/T/S-chitosan					1183:1196	P/T/S-chitosan	1183:1196	P/T/S-chitosan	1183:1196	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	4	65	theme	resection	1264:1272	arg1	tumour					1284:1289	bone resection post-bone tumour	1259:1289	bone resection post-bone tumour	1259:1289	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	5	66	theme	enhancement	1390:1400	arg1	group					1351:1355	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1332:1355	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1332:1355	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	5	66	theme	enhancement	1390:1400	arg1	group					1402:1406	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	1	67	theme	functional	137:146	arg1	biomaterial					148:158	A functional biomaterial	135:158	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect	135:184	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	1	67	theme	functional	137:146	arg1	desirable					189:197	desirable	189:197	desirable	189:197	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	7	68	theme	osteogenic	1824:1833	arg1	effect					1835:1840	less osteogenic effect	1819:1840	less osteogenic effect	1819:1840	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	4	69	theme	integral	1070:1077	arg1	effect					1079:1084	their integral effect	1064:1084	their integral effect	1064:1084	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	6	70	from	density	1463:1469	arg1	groups					1520:1525	the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1480:1525	the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1480:1525	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	2	71	theme	bone	697:700	arg1	resorption					702:711	bone resorption	697:711	bone resorption activity	697:720	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	6	72	theme	mineral	1455:1461	arg1	BMD					1472:1474	BMD	1472:1474	BMD	1472:1474	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	6	72	theme	mineral	1455:1461	arg1	density					1463:1469	Bone mineral density	1450:1469	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups	1450:1525	Bone mineral density (BMD) in the P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/PSP-chitosan groups were found to be significantly higher than those in the P/T group, while that in the P/T/P-chitosan group was greater than that in the P/T/PSP-chitosan group (p < 0.05).
24668843	7	73	theme	P/T	1802:1804	arg1	scaffold					1806:1813	the P/T scaffold	1798:1813	the P/T scaffold	1798:1813	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	2	74	theme	water-soluble	518:530	arg1	P-chitosan					557:566	P-chitosan	557:566	P-chitosan	557:566	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	2	74	theme	water-soluble	518:530	arg1	chitosan					547:554	water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan	518:554	water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity	518:720	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	0	75	theme	ulna	116:119	arg1	model					128:132	a rabbit ulna defect model	107:132	a rabbit ulna defect model	107:132	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	2	76	theme	composite	375:383	arg1	materials					385:393	novel composite materials	369:393	novel composite materials	369:393	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	0	77	theme	composite	10:18	arg1	scaffolds					27:35	Segmental composite porous scaffolds	0:35	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties	0:95	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	7	78	theme	osteogenic	1772:1781	arg1	potential					1783:1791	more osteogenic potential	1767:1791	more osteogenic potential	1767:1791	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	2	79	theme	osteopromotion	434:447	arg1	properties					420:429	dual properties	415:429	dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption	415:467	In this study, novel composite materials were developed with dual properties of osteopromotion and bone resorption to mimic the tumour inhibition effect, including water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) for increasing osteoblasts activity and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulphoamino-β-d-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) for inhibiting bone resorption activity.
24668843	8	80	theme	bone	2154:2157	arg1	repair					2159:2164	bone repair	2154:2164	bone repair	2154:2164	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	1	81	theme	bone	280:283	arg1	tumours					285:291	bone tumours	280:291	bone tumours	280:291	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	5	82	theme	bone	1303:1306	arg1	healing					1308:1314	bone healing	1303:1314	bone healing	1303:1314	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	7	83	theme	P/T/PSP-chitosan	1730:1745	arg1	scaffolds					1747:1755	P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds	1730:1755	P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds	1730:1755	These findings demonstrated that P/T/PSP-chitosan scaffolds possessed more osteogenic potential than the P/T scaffold but less osteogenic effect than the P/T/P-chitosan scaffold, as the S-chitosan component inhibited the activities of osteoblasts for bone formation.
24668843	5	84	theme	P/T/P-chitosan	1336:1349	arg1	group					1402:1406	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	a bone formation enhancement group	1373:1406	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	5	84	theme	P/T/P-chitosan	1336:1349	arg1	group					1351:1355	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1332:1355	the P/T/P-chitosan group	1332:1355	To compare bone healing in the defects, the P/T/P-chitosan group was regarded as a bone formation enhancement group, while the P/T group served as a control.
24668843	0	85	with	scaffolds	27:35	arg1	osteogenesis					49:60	osteogenesis	49:60	osteogenesis	49:60	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	0	85	with	scaffolds	27:35	arg1	resorption					75:84	anti-bone resorption	65:84	anti-bone resorption	65:84	Segmental composite porous scaffolds with either osteogenesis or anti-bone resorption properties tested in a rabbit ulna defect model.
24668843	8	86	theme	local	2119:2123	arg1	recurrence					2125:2134	local recurrence	2119:2134	local recurrence	2119:2134	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	8	87	theme	tumour	2177:2182	arg1	resection					2184:2192	bone tumour resection	2172:2192	bone tumour resection	2172:2192	These findings implied a dual function of the designed P/T/PSP-chitosan for further preclinical validation and potential applications in the prevention of local recurrence and for enhancing bone repair after bone tumour resection.
24668843	4	88	theme	bone	1105:1108	arg1	formation					1110:1118	bone formation	1105:1118	bone formation	1105:1118	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	1	89	theme	resection	314:322	arg1	margins					324:330	the resection margins	310:330	the resection margins	310:330	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	1	89	theme	resection	314:322	arg1	identifiable					340:351	identifiable	340:351	identifiable	340:351	A functional biomaterial with a therapeutic effect is desirable as an adjuvant therapy to enhance bone formation and prevent local recurrence of bone tumours, especially when the resection margins are not identifiable.
24668843	4	90	with	inhibition	1144:1153	arg1	P/T/P-chitosan					1125:1138	P/T/P-chitosan	1125:1138	P/T/P-chitosan	1125:1138	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
24668843	4	90	with	inhibition	1144:1153	arg1	P/T/S-chitosan					1183:1196	P/T/S-chitosan	1183:1196	P/T/S-chitosan	1183:1196	We subsequently tested combined scaffolds of PLGA-TCP-P-S-P-chitosan (P/T/PSP-chitosan) made of P/T/P-chitosan and P/T/S-chitosan to assess their integral effect, on enhancement of bone formation with P/T/P-chitosan and inhibition of tissue regeneration with P/T/S-chitosan, in an established rabbit ulnar bone defect model to imitate bone resection post-bone tumour.
28780413	9	0	with	performance	1621:1631	arg1	hydrogels					1663:1671	dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1638:1671	dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1638:1671	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	7	1	theme	PNIPAAm	1444:1450	arg1	membranes					1461:1469	pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes	1439:1469	pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1439:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	3	2	theme	membranes	743:751	arg1	flexibility/elasticity					705:726	the flexibility/elasticity	701:726	the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes	701:751	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	3	2	theme	membranes	743:751	arg1	fraction					670:677	the gel fraction	662:677	the gel fraction	662:677	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	3	2	theme	membranes	743:751	arg1	uptake					689:694	swelling uptake	680:694	swelling uptake	680:694	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	7	3	theme	albicans	1419:1426	arg1	growth					1356:1361	microbial growth	1346:1361	microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1346:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	6	4	dep	impacted	1210:1217	arg1	Whereas					1158:1164	Whereas	1158:1164	Whereas	1158:1164	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	1	5	theme	chemical	457:464	arg1	crosslinkers					466:477	chemical crosslinkers	457:477	chemical crosslinkers	457:477	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	1	5	theme	chemical	457:464	arg1	epichlorohydrin					421:435	epichlorohydrin	421:435	epichlorohydrin (EPI)	421:441	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	0	6	dep	Influence	123:131	arg1	membranes					33:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes	0:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications	0:120	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	0	7	theme	biomedical	98:107	arg1	applications					109:120	biomedical applications	98:120	biomedical applications	98:120	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	9	8	theme	pH-thermo-sensitive	1643:1661	arg1	hydrogels					1663:1671	dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1638:1671	dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1638:1671	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	4	9	theme	PNIPAAm-HA	824:833	arg1	hydrogels					835:843	PNIPAAm-HA hydrogels	824:843	PNIPAAm-HA hydrogels	824:843	PNIPAAm-HA hydrogels responded to both temperature and pH changes and the stimuli-responsiveness was reversible.
28780413	2	10	theme	FTIR	552:555	arg1	spectroscopy					557:568	FTIR spectroscopy	552:568	FTIR spectroscopy	552:568	The interaction between membrane compositions has been characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and discussed intensively.
28780413	3	11	theme	mechanical	788:797	arg1	elongation					799:808	the mechanical elongation	784:808	the mechanical elongation of membranes	784:821	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	5	12	theme	in	946:947	arg1	results					969:975	in vitro bioevaluation results	946:975	in vitro bioevaluation results	946:975	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	5	13	from	contents	1101:1108	arg1	membranes					1113:1121	membranes	1113:1121	membranes	1113:1121	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	1	14	theme	Interpenetrating	189:204	arg1	membranes					215:223	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes	189:223	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM)	189:325	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	1	15	theme	hydrogel	206:213	arg1	membranes					215:223	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes	189:223	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM)	189:325	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	0	16	theme	pH-sensitive	11:22	arg1	membranes					33:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes	0:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications	0:120	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	5	17	theme	burst	1026:1030	arg1	time					1040:1043	the burst release time	1022:1043	the burst release time	1022:1043	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	4	18	dep	temperature	863:873	arg1	changes					882:888	changes	882:888	changes	882:888	PNIPAAm-HA hydrogels responded to both temperature and pH changes and the stimuli-responsiveness was reversible.
28780413	0	19	theme	Thermo-and	0:9	arg1	membranes					33:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes	0:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications	0:120	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	3	20	theme	membranes	813:821	arg1	elongation					799:808	the mechanical elongation	784:808	the mechanical elongation of membranes	784:821	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	3	21	theme	HA	623:624	arg1	incorporation					626:638	HA incorporation	623:638	HA incorporation in membranes	623:651	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	3	22	from	incorporation	626:638	arg1	membranes					643:651	membranes	643:651	membranes	643:651	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	5	23	theme	bioevaluation	955:967	arg1	results					969:975	in vitro bioevaluation results	946:975	in vitro bioevaluation results	946:975	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	6	24	theme	culture	1285:1291	arg1	media					1293:1297	cell culture media	1280:1297	cell culture media changed	1280:1305	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	0	25	theme	hyaluronan	136:145	arg1	incorporation					147:159	hyaluronan incorporation	136:159	hyaluronan incorporation	136:159	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	9	26	theme	promising	1691:1699	arg1	performance					1621:1631	The fast release performance	1604:1631	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1604:1671	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	9	26	theme	promising	1691:1699	arg1	materials					1701:1709	promising materials	1691:1709	promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field	1691:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	6	27	theme	high	1167:1170	arg1	contents					1175:1182	high HA contents	1167:1182	high HA contents in hydrogels	1167:1195	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	7	28	theme	typhi	1400:1404	arg1	growth					1356:1361	microbial growth	1346:1361	microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1346:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	0	29	theme	hydrogel	24:31	arg1	membranes					33:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes	0:41	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications	0:120	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	5	30	theme	release	1032:1038	arg1	time					1040:1043	the burst release time	1022:1043	the burst release time	1022:1043	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	8	31	theme	loaded	1530:1535	arg1	ampicillin					1537:1546	the loaded ampicillin	1526:1546	the loaded ampicillin	1526:1546	However, HA incorporation or the loaded ampicillin in membranes showed unexpected easily microbial growth.
28780413	6	32	theme	cells	1237:1241	arg1	viability					1243:1251	the cells viability	1233:1251	the cells viability	1233:1251	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	1	33	theme	pH-sensitive	239:250	arg1	HA					264:265	HA	264:265	HA	264:265	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	1	33	theme	pH-sensitive	239:250	arg1	hyaluronan					252:261	pH-sensitive hyaluronan	239:261	pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA)	239:266	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	2	34	theme	membrane	504:511	arg1	compositions					513:524	membrane compositions	504:524	membrane compositions	504:524	The interaction between membrane compositions has been characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and discussed intensively.
28780413	7	35	theme	Candida	1411:1417	arg1	albicans					1419:1426	Candida albicans	1411:1426	Candida albicans	1411:1426	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	6	36	theme	HA	1172:1173	arg1	contents					1175:1182	high HA contents	1167:1182	high HA contents in hydrogels	1167:1195	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	0	37	theme	incorporation	147:159	arg1	Influence					123:131	Influence	123:131	Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties	123:186	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	3	38	theme	swelling	680:687	arg1	uptake					689:694	swelling uptake	680:694	swelling uptake	680:694	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	9	39	theme	quick	1715:1719	arg1	carrier					1726:1732	quick drug carrier	1715:1732	quick drug carrier in the biomedical field	1715:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	9	40	theme	biomedical	1741:1750	arg1	field					1752:1756	the biomedical field	1737:1756	the biomedical field	1737:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	7	41	theme	Salmonella	1389:1398	arg1	typhi					1400:1404	Salmonella typhi	1389:1404	Salmonella typhi	1389:1404	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	0	42	theme	membrane	168:175	arg1	properties					177:186	the membrane properties	164:186	the membrane properties	164:186	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	8	43	dep	unexpected	1568:1577	arg1	microbial					1586:1594	microbial	1586:1594	microbial	1586:1594	However, HA incorporation or the loaded ampicillin in membranes showed unexpected easily microbial growth.
28780413	7	44	theme	hydrogel	1452:1459	arg1	membranes					1461:1469	pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes	1439:1469	pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1439:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	9	45	from	carrier	1726:1732	arg1	field					1752:1756	the biomedical field	1737:1756	the biomedical field	1737:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	5	46	theme	released	995:1002	arg1	ampicillin					1004:1013	the released ampicillin	991:1013	the released ampicillin during the burst release time	991:1043	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	0	47	theme	poly	55:58	arg1	-hyaluronan					82:92	poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan	55:92	poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications	55:120	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	1	48	theme	redox	350:354	arg1	polymerization					356:369	redox polymerization	350:369	redox polymerization	350:369	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	0	49	from	Influence	123:131	arg1	properties					177:186	the membrane properties	164:186	the membrane properties	164:186	Thermo-and pH-sensitive hydrogel membranes composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hyaluronan for biomedical applications: Influence of hyaluronan incorporation on the membrane properties.
28780413	5	50	dep	in	946:947	arg1	vitro					949:953	vitro	949:953	vitro	949:953	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	7	51	theme	aureus	1381:1386	arg1	growth					1356:1361	microbial growth	1346:1361	microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1346:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	8	52	theme	HA	1506:1507	arg1	incorporation					1509:1521	HA incorporation	1506:1521	HA incorporation	1506:1521	However, HA incorporation or the loaded ampicillin in membranes showed unexpected easily microbial growth.
28780413	6	53	theme	cell	1280:1283	arg1	media					1293:1297	cell culture media	1280:1297	cell culture media changed	1280:1305	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	9	54	theme	drug	1721:1724	arg1	carrier					1726:1732	quick drug carrier	1715:1732	quick drug carrier in the biomedical field	1715:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	3	55	theme	crosslinked	731:741	arg1	membranes					743:751	crosslinked membranes	731:751	crosslinked membranes	731:751	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	7	56	theme	pure	1439:1442	arg1	membranes					1461:1469	pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes	1439:1469	pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1439:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	9	57	theme	release	1613:1619	arg1	performance					1621:1631	The fast release performance	1604:1631	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1604:1671	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	9	57	theme	release	1613:1619	arg1	materials					1701:1709	promising materials	1691:1709	promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field	1691:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	9	58	theme	dual	1638:1641	arg1	hydrogels					1663:1671	dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1638:1671	dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1638:1671	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	6	59	theme	media	1293:1297	arg1	viscosity					1267:1275	the viscosity	1263:1275	the viscosity of cell culture media changed	1263:1305	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	8	60	from	incorporation	1509:1521	arg1	membranes					1551:1559	membranes	1551:1559	membranes	1551:1559	However, HA incorporation or the loaded ampicillin in membranes showed unexpected easily microbial growth.
28780413	7	61	theme	big	1310:1312	arg1	resistance					1314:1323	A big resistance	1308:1323	A big resistance	1308:1323	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	8	62	theme	unexpected	1568:1577	arg1	growth					1596:1601	unexpected easily microbial growth	1568:1601	unexpected easily microbial growth	1568:1601	However, HA incorporation or the loaded ampicillin in membranes showed unexpected easily microbial growth.
28780413	5	63	theme	HA	1098:1099	arg1	contents					1101:1108	HA contents	1098:1108	HA contents in membranes	1098:1121	However, in vitro bioevaluation results revealed that the released ampicillin during the burst release time was sharply influenced and increased with increasing HA contents in membranes; afterwards it became sustainable.
28780413	6	64	from	contents	1175:1182	arg1	hydrogels					1187:1195	hydrogels	1187:1195	hydrogels	1187:1195	Whereas, high HA contents in hydrogels unexpectedly impacted negatively on the cells viability, owing to the viscosity of cell culture media changed.
28780413	9	65	theme	fast	1608:1611	arg1	performance					1621:1631	The fast release performance	1604:1631	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels	1604:1671	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	9	65	theme	fast	1608:1611	arg1	materials					1701:1709	promising materials	1691:1709	promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field	1691:1756	The fast release performance with dual pH-thermo-sensitive hydrogels were suggested as promising materials for quick drug carrier in the biomedical field.
28780413	3	66	link	crosslinked	731:741	arg1	membranes					743:751	crosslinked membranes	731:751	crosslinked membranes	731:751	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	8	67	from	ampicillin	1537:1546	arg1	membranes					1551:1559	membranes	1551:1559	membranes	1551:1559	However, HA incorporation or the loaded ampicillin in membranes showed unexpected easily microbial growth.
28780413	3	68	theme	gel	666:668	arg1	fraction					670:677	the gel fraction	662:677	the gel fraction	662:677	The result indicates that HA incorporation in membranes increase the gel fraction, swelling uptake, and the flexibility/elasticity of crosslinked membranes, however it reduced oppositely the mechanical elongation of membranes.
28780413	7	69	theme	microbial	1346:1354	arg1	growth					1356:1361	microbial growth	1346:1361	microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin	1346:1494	A big resistance was observed against microbial growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans in case of pure PNIPAAm hydrogel membranes without HA or ampicillin.
28780413	1	70	theme	thermo-sensitive	272:287	arg1	N-isopropylacrylamide					294:314	N-isopropylacrylamide	294:314	N-isopropylacrylamide	294:314	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	1	70	theme	thermo-sensitive	272:287	arg1	PNIPAAM					318:324	PNIPAAM	318:324	PNIPAAM	318:324	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
28780413	1	70	theme	thermo-sensitive	272:287	arg1	poly					289:292	thermo-sensitive poly	272:292	thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM)	272:325	Interpenetrating hydrogel membranes consisting of pH-sensitive hyaluronan (HA) and thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) were synthesized using redox polymerization, followed by N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) and epichlorohydrin (EPI) were added as chemical crosslinkers.
27118071	0	0	theme	isolated	71:78	arg1	strain					98:103	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	3	1	theme	Genetic	264:270	arg1	patterns					283:290	Genetic and growth patterns	264:290	patterns	283:290	Genetic and growth patterns indicated that this strain belongs to subgroup II of the B. cereus group.
27118071	4	2	theme	rotation	444:451	arg1	directions					430:439	predictable directions	418:439	predictable directions of rotation	418:451	Strain Ko01 forms extensive rhizoidal colonies with predictable directions of rotation.
27118071	8	3	theme	B.	920:921	arg1	strains					932:938	B. mycoides strains	920:938	B. mycoides strains	920:938	This feature can be used for the classification of B. mycoides strains.
27118071	1	4	theme	rhizoidal	147:155	arg1	colonies					157:164	rhizoidal colonies	147:164	rhizoidal colonies	147:164	Bacillus mycoides are known to form rhizoidal colonies on solid medium.
27118071	8	5	used	used	889:892	arg2	feature					874:880	This feature	869:880	This feature	869:880	This feature can be used for the classification of B. mycoides strains.
27118071	0	6	theme	mycoides	89:96	arg1	strain					98:103	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	0	7	from	Switching	0:8	arg1	strain					98:103	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	8	8	theme	strains	932:938	arg1	classification					902:915	the classification	898:915	the classification of B. mycoides strains	898:938	This feature can be used for the classification of B. mycoides strains.
27118071	0	9	theme	Bacillus	80:87	arg1	strain					98:103	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	4	10	theme	predictable	418:428	arg1	directions					430:439	predictable directions	418:439	predictable directions of rotation	418:451	Strain Ko01 forms extensive rhizoidal colonies with predictable directions of rotation.
27118071	6	11	theme	strains	748:754	arg1	colonies					718:725	colonies	718:725	colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested	718:771	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	7	12	theme	chirality	799:807	arg1	patterns					809:816	colony chirality patterns	792:816	colony chirality patterns	792:816	Factors affecting colony chirality patterns appeared to be variable among B. mycoides strains.
27118071	5	13	theme	rotation	555:562	arg1	direction					531:539	the direction	527:539	the direction of the colony rotation	527:562	The concentration of the agar, and not the chemical composition, altered the direction of the colony rotation, switching from counterclockwise to clockwise.
27118071	5	14	theme	colony	548:553	arg1	rotation					555:562	the colony rotation	544:562	the colony rotation	544:562	The concentration of the agar, and not the chemical composition, altered the direction of the colony rotation, switching from counterclockwise to clockwise.
27118071	3	15	theme	group	359:363	arg1	subgroup					330:337	subgroup II	330:340	subgroup II of the B. cereus group	330:363	Genetic and growth patterns indicated that this strain belongs to subgroup II of the B. cereus group.
27118071	6	16	theme	B.	736:737	arg1	strains					748:754	other B. mycoides strains	730:754	other B. mycoides strains that were tested	730:771	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	6	17	theme	direction	662:670	arg1	switching					640:648	Agar concentration-dependent switching	611:648	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction	611:670	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	0	18	from	direction	28:36	arg1	strain					98:103	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	63:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	3	19	dep	B.	349:350	arg1	cereus					352:357	cereus	352:357	cereus	352:357	Genetic and growth patterns indicated that this strain belongs to subgroup II of the B. cereus group.
27118071	6	20	theme	other	730:734	arg1	strains					748:754	other B. mycoides strains	730:754	other B. mycoides strains that were tested	730:771	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	6	21	theme	rotation	653:660	arg1	direction					662:670	rotation direction	653:670	rotation direction	653:670	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	1	22	theme	solid	169:173	arg1	medium					175:180	solid medium	169:180	solid medium	169:180	Bacillus mycoides are known to form rhizoidal colonies on solid medium.
27118071	0	23	theme	rotational	17:26	arg1	direction					28:36	the rotational direction	13:36	the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	13:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	6	24	theme	mycoides	739:746	arg1	strains					748:754	other B. mycoides strains	730:754	other B. mycoides strains that were tested	730:771	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	2	25	attach	isolated	244:251	arg1	soil					258:261	soil	258:261	soil	258:261	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	2	25	attach	isolated	244:251	arg2	strain					204:209	a new strain	198:209	a new strain of B. mycoides	198:224	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	2	25	attach	isolated	244:251	arg2	strain					227:232	strain Ko01	227:237	strain Ko01	227:237	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	4	26	theme	extensive	384:392	arg1	colonies					404:411	extensive rhizoidal colonies	384:411	extensive rhizoidal colonies	384:411	Strain Ko01 forms extensive rhizoidal colonies with predictable directions of rotation.
27118071	6	27	theme	concentration-dependent	616:638	arg1	switching					640:648	Agar concentration-dependent switching	611:648	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction	611:670	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	3	28	theme	B.	349:350	arg1	group					359:363	the B. cereus group	345:363	the B. cereus group	345:363	Genetic and growth patterns indicated that this strain belongs to subgroup II of the B. cereus group.
27118071	6	29	theme	Agar	611:614	arg1	switching					640:648	Agar concentration-dependent switching	611:648	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction	611:670	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	0	30	theme	direction	28:36	arg1	Switching					0:8	Switching	0:8	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.	0:109	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	2	31	theme	new	200:202	arg1	strain					227:232	strain Ko01	227:237	strain Ko01	227:237	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	2	31	theme	new	200:202	arg1	strain					204:209	a new strain	198:209	a new strain of B. mycoides	198:224	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	0	32	theme	colonies	51:58	arg1	direction					28:36	the rotational direction	13:36	the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01	13:108	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	4	33	theme	rhizoidal	394:402	arg1	colonies					404:411	extensive rhizoidal colonies	384:411	extensive rhizoidal colonies	384:411	Strain Ko01 forms extensive rhizoidal colonies with predictable directions of rotation.
27118071	0	34	theme	rhizoidal	41:49	arg1	colonies					51:58	rhizoidal colonies	41:58	rhizoidal colonies	41:58	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	1	35	theme	Bacillus	111:118	arg1	mycoides					120:127	Bacillus mycoides	111:127	Bacillus mycoides	111:127	Bacillus mycoides are known to form rhizoidal colonies on solid medium.
27118071	0	36	from	strain	98:103	arg1	Switching					0:8	Switching	0:8	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.	0:109	Switching of the rotational direction of rhizoidal colonies in a newly isolated Bacillus mycoides strain Ko01.
27118071	5	37	theme	chemical	497:504	arg1	composition					506:516	the chemical composition	493:516	the chemical composition	493:516	The concentration of the agar, and not the chemical composition, altered the direction of the colony rotation, switching from counterclockwise to clockwise.
27118071	8	38	theme	mycoides	923:930	arg1	strains					932:938	B. mycoides strains	920:938	B. mycoides strains	920:938	This feature can be used for the classification of B. mycoides strains.
27118071	6	39	theme	strain	686:691	arg1	Ko01					693:696	strain Ko01	686:696	strain Ko01	686:696	Agar concentration-dependent switching of rotation direction was unique to strain Ko01 and was not seen in colonies of other B. mycoides strains that were tested.
27118071	2	40	theme	mycoides	217:224	arg1	strain					227:232	strain Ko01	227:237	strain Ko01	227:237	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	2	40	theme	mycoides	217:224	arg1	strain					204:209	a new strain	198:209	a new strain of B. mycoides	198:224	In this study, a new strain of B. mycoides, strain Ko01, was isolated from soil.
27118071	7	41	theme	B.	848:849	arg1	strains					860:866	B. mycoides strains	848:866	B. mycoides strains	848:866	Factors affecting colony chirality patterns appeared to be variable among B. mycoides strains.
27118071	7	42	theme	colony	792:797	arg1	patterns					809:816	colony chirality patterns	792:816	colony chirality patterns	792:816	Factors affecting colony chirality patterns appeared to be variable among B. mycoides strains.
27118071	3	43	theme	growth	276:281	arg1	patterns					283:290	Genetic and growth patterns	264:290	patterns	283:290	Genetic and growth patterns indicated that this strain belongs to subgroup II of the B. cereus group.
27118071	4	44	theme	Strain	366:371	arg1	Ko01					373:376	Strain Ko01	366:376	Strain Ko01	366:376	Strain Ko01 forms extensive rhizoidal colonies with predictable directions of rotation.
27118071	7	45	theme	mycoides	851:858	arg1	strains					860:866	B. mycoides strains	848:866	B. mycoides strains	848:866	Factors affecting colony chirality patterns appeared to be variable among B. mycoides strains.
27118071	5	46	theme	agar	479:482	arg1	concentration					458:470	The concentration	454:470	The concentration of the agar	454:482	The concentration of the agar, and not the chemical composition, altered the direction of the colony rotation, switching from counterclockwise to clockwise.
24118227	3	0	theme	Statistics	864:873	arg1	Institute					837:845	the Brazilian Institute	823:845	the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	823:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	2	1	theme	income	454:459	arg1	groups					461:466	six income groups	450:466	six income groups	450:466	METHODS In 2010, the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups were analysed to determine isotopic composition.
24118227	3	2	theme	weighting	693:701	arg1	factor					703:708	a weighting factor	691:708	a weighting factor	691:708	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	3	2	theme	weighting	693:701	arg1	intake					725:730	macronutrient intake	711:730	macronutrient intake by the main food items	711:753	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	1	3	from	differences	293:303	arg1	city					356:359	the city	352:359	the city of Piracicaba, Brazil	352:381	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	8	4	from	composition	1615:1625	arg1	humans					1637:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	5	5	theme	consumption	1085:1095	arg1	result					1064:1069	a result	1062:1069	a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group	1062:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	5	5	theme	consumption	1085:1095	arg1	change					1044:1049	This isotopic change	1030:1049	This isotopic change	1030:1049	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	1	6	theme	different	325:333	arg1	levels					342:347	different income levels	325:347	different income levels	325:347	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	7	7	dep	higher	1515:1520	arg1	N					1527:1527	δ(15)N	1522:1527	δ(15)N	1522:1527	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	5	8	theme	sugar	1236:1240	arg1	consumption					1199:1209	the higher consumption	1188:1209	the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group	1188:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	1	9	theme	present	165:171	arg1	study					173:177	The present study	161:177	The present study	161:177	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	3	10	theme	food	744:747	arg1	items					749:753	the main food items	735:753	the main food items	735:753	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	3	11	dep	diet	589:592	arg1	CD					600:601	δ(13)CD	595:601	δ(13)CD	595:601	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	3	11	dep	diet	589:592	arg1	ND					612:613	δ(15)ND	607:613	δ(15)ND	607:613	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	7	12	theme	higher	1515:1520	arg1	values					1529:1534	higher δ(15)N values	1515:1534	higher δ(15)N values	1515:1534	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	8	13	theme	stable	1599:1604	arg1	composition					1615:1625	stable isotopic composition	1599:1625	stable isotopic composition	1599:1625	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	5	14	theme	oil	1222:1224	arg1	consumption					1199:1209	the higher consumption	1188:1209	the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group	1188:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	4	15	theme	same	1018:1021	arg1	trend					1023:1027	the same trend	1014:1027	the same trend	1014:1027	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	2	16	theme	participants	424:435	arg1	2010					395:398	2010	395:398	2010	395:398	METHODS In 2010, the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups were analysed to determine isotopic composition.
24118227	2	16	theme	participants	424:435	arg1	fingernails					405:415	the fingernails	401:415	the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups	401:466	METHODS In 2010, the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups were analysed to determine isotopic composition.
24118227	8	17	theme	plants	1737:1742	arg1	role					1719:1722	the role	1715:1722	the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain	1715:1780	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	5	18	theme	rice	1227:1230	arg1	consumption					1199:1209	the higher consumption	1188:1209	the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group	1188:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	3	19	theme	δ	595:595	arg1	CD					600:601	δ(13)CD	595:601	δ(13)CD	595:601	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	0	20	dep	region	133:138	arg1	Brazil					141:146	Brazil	141:146	Brazil	141:146	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	3	21	theme	δ	607:607	arg1	ND					612:613	δ(15)ND	607:613	δ(15)ND	607:613	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	0	22	from	levels	89:94	arg1	city					103:106	the city	99:106	the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)	99:147	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	8	23	theme	modern	1764:1769	arg1	chain					1776:1780	the complex modern food chain	1752:1780	the complex modern food chain	1752:1780	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	3	24	theme	diet	589:592	arg1	isotope					567:573	the stable isotope	556:573	the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	556:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	1	25	theme	δ	244:244	arg1	fingernails					231:241	fingernails	231:241	fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively)	231:277	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	1	25	theme	δ	244:244	arg1	CF					249:250	δ(13)CF	244:250	δ(13)CF	244:250	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	5	26	theme	soft	1113:1116	arg1	drinks					1118:1123	soft drinks	1113:1123	soft drinks	1113:1123	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	0	27	theme	distinct	73:80	arg1	levels					89:94	distinct income levels	73:94	distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)	73:147	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	7	28	theme	fractionation	1495:1507	arg1	result					1473:1478	a result	1471:1478	a result of the trophic fractionation	1471:1507	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	5	29	theme	beef	1100:1103	arg1	bread					1106:1110	bread	1106:1110	bread	1106:1110	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	1	30	theme	δ	256:256	arg1	NF					261:262	δ(15)NF	256:262	δ(15)NF	256:262	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	1	30	theme	δ	256:256	arg1	fingernails					231:241	fingernails	231:241	fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively)	231:277	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	8	31	theme	surveys	1587:1593	arg1	tool					1670:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	8	31	theme	surveys	1587:1593	arg1	combination					1553:1563	The combination	1549:1563	The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans	1549:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	8	32	from	combination	1553:1563	arg1	humans					1637:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	5	33	theme	bread	1106:1110	arg1	consumption					1085:1095	the higher consumption	1074:1095	the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group	1074:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	1	34	theme	δ	221:221	arg1	N					226:226	δ(15)N	221:226	δ(15)N	221:226	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	3	35	theme	household	785:793	arg1	purchases					800:808	the 2008-2009 household food purchases	771:808	the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	771:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	3	36	theme	isotopic	659:666	arg1	balance					673:679	an isotopic mass balance	656:679	an isotopic mass balance	656:679	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	7	37	from	individuals	1390:1400	arg1	group					1421:1425	a higher income group	1405:1425	a higher income group	1405:1425	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	5	38	theme	lowest	1249:1254	arg1	group					1263:1267	the lowest income group	1245:1267	the lowest income group	1245:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	0	39	theme	isotope	11:17	arg1	analysis					19:26	stable isotope analysis	4:26	stable isotope analysis	4:26	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	3	40	theme	Brazilian	827:835	arg1	Institute					837:845	the Brazilian Institute	823:845	the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	823:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	8	41	theme	composition	1615:1625	arg1	tool					1670:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	8	41	theme	composition	1615:1625	arg1	combination					1553:1563	The combination	1549:1563	The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans	1549:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	7	42	theme	animal	1448:1453	arg1	protein					1455:1461	more animal protein	1443:1461	more animal protein	1443:1461	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	7	43	theme	higher	1407:1412	arg1	group					1421:1425	a higher income group	1405:1425	a higher income group	1405:1425	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	8	44	theme	modern	1630:1635	arg1	humans					1637:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	6	45	theme	income	1337:1342	arg1	levels					1344:1349	income levels	1337:1349	income levels	1337:1349	The δ(15)NF values failed to capture differences in groups between income levels.
24118227	5	46	theme	isotopic	1035:1042	arg1	result					1064:1069	a result	1062:1069	a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group	1062:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	5	46	theme	isotopic	1035:1042	arg1	change					1044:1049	This isotopic change	1030:1049	This isotopic change	1030:1049	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	8	47	theme	household	1568:1576	arg1	surveys					1587:1593	household purchase surveys	1568:1593	household purchase surveys	1568:1593	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	1	48	theme	fingernails	231:241	arg1	C					215:215	δ(13)C	210:215	δ(13)C	210:215	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	1	48	theme	fingernails	231:241	arg1	N					226:226	δ(15)N	221:226	δ(15)N	221:226	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	5	49	theme	highest	1142:1148	arg1	group					1157:1161	the highest income group	1138:1161	the highest income group	1138:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	4	50	theme	income	943:948	arg1	groups					956:961	the lower income level groups	933:961	the lower income level groups	933:961	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	8	51	from	humans	1637:1642	arg1	tool					1670:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	8	51	from	humans	1637:1642	arg1	combination					1553:1563	The combination	1549:1563	The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans	1549:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	1	52	theme	Brazil	376:381	arg1	city					356:359	the city	352:359	the city of Piracicaba, Brazil	352:381	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	1	53	theme	δ	210:210	arg1	C					215:215	δ(13)C	210:215	δ(13)C	210:215	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	5	54	theme	consumption	1199:1209	arg1	result					1178:1183	a result	1176:1183	a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group	1176:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	4	55	theme	CD	992:993	arg1	values					995:1000	the δ(13)CD values	983:1000	the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend	983:1027	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	5	56	theme	higher	1078:1083	arg1	consumption					1085:1095	the higher consumption	1074:1095	the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group	1074:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	3	57	theme	macronutrient	711:723	arg1	factor					703:708	a weighting factor	691:708	a weighting factor	691:708	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	3	57	theme	macronutrient	711:723	arg1	intake					725:730	macronutrient intake	711:730	macronutrient intake by the main food items	711:753	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	4	58	theme	δ	987:987	arg1	values					995:1000	the δ(13)CD values	983:1000	the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend	983:1027	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	0	59	with	groups	61:66	arg1	levels					89:94	distinct income levels	73:94	distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)	73:147	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	4	60	dep	RESULTS	876:882	arg1	showed					899:904	showed	899:904	showed	899:904	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	1	61	theme	income	335:340	arg1	levels					342:347	different income levels	325:347	different income levels	325:347	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	3	62	theme	main	739:742	arg1	items					749:753	the main food items	735:753	the main food items	735:753	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	3	63	theme	stable	560:565	arg1	isotope					567:573	the stable isotope	556:573	the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	556:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	0	64	theme	Piracicaba	111:120	arg1	city					103:106	the city	99:106	the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)	99:147	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	5	65	theme	soybean	1214:1220	arg1	oil					1222:1224	soybean oil	1214:1224	soybean oil	1214:1224	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	0	66	theme	southeast	123:131	arg1	Piracicaba					111:120	Piracicaba	111:120	Piracicaba	111:120	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	0	66	theme	southeast	123:131	arg1	region					133:138	southeast region	123:138	southeast region	123:138	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	6	67	theme	δ	1274:1274	arg1	values					1282:1287	The δ(15)NF values	1270:1287	The δ(15)NF values	1270:1287	The δ(15)NF values failed to capture differences in groups between income levels.
24118227	8	68	theme	C3	1727:1728	arg1	plants					1737:1742	C3 and C4 plants	1727:1742	C3 and C4 plants	1727:1742	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	3	69	theme	putative	580:587	arg1	diet					589:592	a putative diet	578:592	a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively)	578:629	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	8	70	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1537:1547	arg1	found					1647:1651	found	1647:1651	is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain	1644:1780	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	1	71	dep	C	215:215	arg1	the					206:208	the	206:208	the	206:208	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	8	72	theme	C4	1734:1735	arg1	plants					1737:1742	C3 and C4 plants	1727:1742	C3 and C4 plants	1727:1742	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	4	73	theme	CF	889:890	arg1	values					892:897	δ(13)CF values	884:897	δ(13)CF values	884:897	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	2	74	from	METHODS	384:390	arg1	2010					395:398	2010	395:398	2010	395:398	METHODS In 2010, the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups were analysed to determine isotopic composition.
24118227	2	74	from	METHODS	384:390	arg1	fingernails					405:415	the fingernails	401:415	the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups	401:466	METHODS In 2010, the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups were analysed to determine isotopic composition.
24118227	8	75	theme	complex	1756:1762	arg1	chain					1776:1780	the complex modern food chain	1752:1780	the complex modern food chain	1752:1780	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	4	76	theme	δ	884:884	arg1	values					892:897	δ(13)CF values	884:897	δ(13)CF values	884:897	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	0	77	theme	income	82:87	arg1	levels					89:94	distinct income levels	73:94	distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)	73:147	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	7	78	theme	trophic	1487:1493	arg1	fractionation					1495:1507	the trophic fractionation	1483:1507	the trophic fractionation	1483:1507	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	6	79	from	differences	1307:1317	arg1	groups					1322:1327	groups	1322:1327	groups	1322:1327	The δ(15)NF values failed to capture differences in groups between income levels.
24118227	5	80	theme	drinks	1118:1123	arg1	consumption					1085:1095	the higher consumption	1074:1095	the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group	1074:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	2	81	theme	isotopic	495:502	arg1	composition					504:514	isotopic composition	495:514	isotopic composition	495:514	METHODS In 2010, the fingernails of 273 participants belonging to six income groups were analysed to determine isotopic composition.
24118227	7	82	dep	tend	1427:1430	arg1	have					1510:1513	have	1510:1513	have higher δ(15)N values	1510:1534	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	1	83	dep	fingernails	231:241	arg1	NF					261:262	δ(15)NF	256:262	δ(15)NF	256:262	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	1	83	dep	fingernails	231:241	arg1	fingernails					231:241	fingernails	231:241	fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively)	231:277	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	1	83	dep	fingernails	231:241	arg1	CF					249:250	δ(13)CF	244:250	δ(13)CF	244:250	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	5	84	theme	dairy	1129:1133	arg1	consumption					1085:1095	the higher consumption	1074:1095	the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group	1074:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	4	85	theme	lower	937:941	arg1	groups					956:961	the lower income level groups	933:961	the lower income level groups	933:961	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	3	86	theme	food	795:798	arg1	purchases					800:808	the 2008-2009 household food purchases	771:808	the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	771:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	6	87	theme	NF	1279:1280	arg1	values					1282:1287	The δ(15)NF values	1270:1287	The δ(15)NF values	1270:1287	The δ(15)NF values failed to capture differences in groups between income levels.
24118227	0	88	theme	stable	4:9	arg1	analysis					19:26	stable isotope analysis	4:26	stable isotope analysis	4:26	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	8	89	theme	isotopic	1606:1613	arg1	composition					1615:1625	stable isotopic composition	1599:1625	stable isotopic composition	1599:1625	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	4	90	theme	decreasing	908:917	arg1	trend					919:923	a decreasing trend	906:923	a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups	906:961	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	3	91	theme	mass	668:671	arg1	balance					673:679	an isotopic mass balance	656:679	an isotopic mass balance	656:679	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	5	92	theme	income	1256:1261	arg1	group					1263:1267	the lowest income group	1245:1267	the lowest income group	1245:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	0	93	theme	dietary	35:41	arg1	differences					43:53	dietary differences	35:53	dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)	35:147	Can stable isotope analysis reveal dietary differences among groups with distinct income levels in the city of Piracicaba (southeast region, Brazil)?
24118227	8	94	theme	food	1771:1774	arg1	chain					1776:1780	the complex modern food chain	1752:1780	the complex modern food chain	1752:1780	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	8	95	theme	purchase	1578:1585	arg1	surveys					1587:1593	household purchase surveys	1568:1593	household purchase surveys	1568:1593	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	3	96	theme	Geography	850:858	arg1	Institute					837:845	the Brazilian Institute	823:845	the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics	823:873	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	7	97	theme	income	1414:1419	arg1	group					1421:1425	a higher income group	1405:1425	a higher income group	1405:1425	This outcome was not expected because individuals in a higher income group tend to consume more animal protein and, as a result of the trophic fractionation, have higher δ(15)N values.
24118227	1	98	from	levels	342:347	arg1	groups					313:318	groups	313:318	groups from different income levels	313:347	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	4	99	theme	level	950:954	arg1	groups					956:961	the lower income level groups	933:961	the lower income level groups	933:961	RESULTS δ(13)CF values showed a decreasing trend towards the lower income level groups, in accordance with the δ(13)CD values that showed the same trend.
24118227	1	100	dep	BACKGROUND	150:159	arg1	aimed					179:183	aimed	179:183	aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil	179:381	BACKGROUND The present study aimed to determine whether the δ(13)C and δ(15)N of fingernails (δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF, respectively) would exhibit differences between groups from different income levels in the city of Piracicaba, Brazil.
24118227	8	101	from	surveys	1587:1593	arg1	humans					1637:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	modern humans	1630:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	5	102	theme	income	1150:1155	arg1	group					1157:1161	the highest income group	1138:1161	the highest income group	1138:1161	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	3	103	theme	δ	517:517	arg1	CF					522:523	δ(13)CF	517:523	δ(13)CF	517:523	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
24118227	8	104	theme	valuable	1661:1668	arg1	tool					1670:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	a valuable tool	1659:1673	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	8	104	theme	valuable	1661:1668	arg1	combination					1553:1563	The combination	1549:1563	The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans	1549:1642	CONCLUSIONS The combination of household purchase surveys and stable isotopic composition in modern humans is found to be a valuable tool, especially with respect to determining the role of C3 and C4 plants through the complex modern food chain.
24118227	5	105	theme	higher	1192:1197	arg1	consumption					1199:1209	the higher consumption	1188:1209	the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group	1188:1267	This isotopic change was mainly a result of the higher consumption of beef, bread, soft drinks and dairy by the highest income group; and also as a result of the higher consumption of soybean oil, rice and sugar by the lowest income group.
24118227	3	106	theme	δ	529:529	arg1	NF					534:535	δ(15)NF	529:535	δ(15)NF	529:535	δ(13)CF and δ(15)NF were compared with the stable isotope of a putative diet (δ(13)CD and δ(15)ND , respectively), which was estimated via an isotopic mass balance using, as a weighting factor, macronutrient intake by the main food items, as obtained by the 2008-2009 household food purchases conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.
27525644	6	0	dep	MRT	1254:1256	arg1	days					1262:1265	36 days	1259:1265	36 days	1259:1265	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	0	dep	MRT	1254:1256	arg1	<					1270:1270	P < 0.01	1268:1275	P < 0.01	1268:1275	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	1	theme	Micro	1057:1061	arg1	capsules					1063:1070	Micro capsules	1057:1070	Micro capsules	1057:1070	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	5	2	with	capsules	936:943	arg1	±					955:955	15 ± 2	952:957	a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double)	950:979	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	3	3	theme	polyethylene	694:705	arg1	PEG					715:717	PEG	715:717	PEG	715:717	We also examined the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
27525644	3	3	theme	polyethylene	694:705	arg1	glycol					707:712	polyethylene glycol	694:712	polyethylene glycol (PEG)	694:718	We also examined the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
27525644	6	4	theme	baboon	1278:1283	arg1	islets					1285:1290	Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets	1207:1290	Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site	1207:1319	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	7	5	theme	islets	1519:1524	arg1	engraftment					1493:1503	engraftment	1493:1503	engraftment of allogeneic islets	1493:1524	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	6	6	theme	islets	1047:1052	arg1	engraftment					1008:1018	improved engraftment	999:1018	improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	999:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	3	7	theme	ALG	685:687	arg1	effects					662:668	the effects	658:668	the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG)	658:718	We also examined the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
27525644	2	8	theme	intraperitoneal	604:618	arg1	IP					628:629	IP	628:629	IP	628:629	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	8	theme	intraperitoneal	604:618	arg1	cavity					620:625	the intraperitoneal cavity	600:625	the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice	600:638	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	6	9	theme	allogeneic	1029:1038	arg1	islets					1047:1052	fully allogeneic BALB/c islets	1023:1052	fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	1023:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	10	theme	time	1113:1116	arg1	[MRT					1118:1121	median reversal time [MRT	1097:1121	median reversal time [MRT	1097:1121	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	10	theme	time	1113:1116	arg1	EFP					1092:1094	the EFP	1088:1094	the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	1088:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	11	theme	P	1268:1268	arg1	<					1270:1270	P < 0.01	1268:1275	P < 0.01	1268:1275	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	1	12	theme	site	215:218	arg1	effects					164:170	the effects	160:170	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	135:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	1	13	theme	graft	223:227	arg1	outcomes					229:236	graft outcomes	223:236	graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	223:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	6	14	theme	reversal	1104:1111	arg1	[MRT					1118:1121	median reversal time [MRT	1097:1121	median reversal time [MRT	1097:1121	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	14	theme	reversal	1104:1111	arg1	EFP					1092:1094	the EFP	1088:1094	the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	1088:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	5	15	theme	PEG	962:964	arg1	layer					966:970	μm PEG layer	959:970	a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double)	950:979	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	7	16	theme	in	1463:1464	arg1	capsules					1475:1482	ALG in MicroMix capsules	1459:1482	ALG in MicroMix capsules	1459:1482	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	2	17	theme	omentum	560:566	arg1	site					533:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	17	theme	omentum	560:566	arg1	model					541:545	a model	539:545	a model of the human omentum	539:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	0	18	from	Outcomes	117:124	arg1	Mice					129:132	Mice	129:132	Mice	129:132	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	8	19	theme	capsule	1661:1667	arg1	composition					1669:1679	capsule composition	1661:1679	capsule composition	1661:1679	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	6	20	theme	diabetic	1178:1185	arg1	mice					1195:1198	diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1178:1198	diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1178:1198	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	21	theme	encapsulated	1213:1224	arg1	islets					1285:1290	Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets	1207:1290	Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site	1207:1319	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	2	22	theme	fat	519:521	arg1	pad					523:525	epididymal fat pad	508:525	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	22	theme	fat	519:521	arg1	EFP					528:530	EFP	528:530	EFP	528:530	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	5	23	dep	generated	854:862	arg1	coating					924:930	coating	924:930	coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double)	924:979	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	5	23	dep	generated	854:862	arg1	mixing					888:893	mixing	888:893	mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix)	888:916	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	6	24	from	capsules	1063:1070	arg1	engraftment					1008:1018	improved engraftment	999:1018	improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	999:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	1	25	theme	capsule	175:181	arg1	composition					183:193	capsule composition	175:193	capsule composition	175:193	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	0	26	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	Outcomes					117:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes	92:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice	92:132	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	0	27	theme	Islet	105:109	arg1	Outcomes					117:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes	92:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice	92:132	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	7	28	dep	in	1331:1332	arg1	vitro					1334:1338	vitro	1334:1338	vitro	1334:1338	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	8	29	theme	transplant	1685:1694	arg1	site					1696:1699	transplant site	1685:1699	transplant site	1685:1699	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	8	30	theme	capsule	1771:1777	arg1	stability					1779:1787	capsule stability	1771:1787	capsule stability	1771:1787	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	0	31	theme	Site	84:87	arg1	Composition					11:21	Composition	11:21	Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site	11:87	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	2	32	dep	METHODS	371:377	arg1	evaluated					388:396	evaluated	388:396	evaluated	388:396	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	33	theme	transplanting	413:425	arg1	Micro					463:467	Micro	463:467	Micro	463:467	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	33	theme	transplanting	413:425	arg1	microcapsules					448:460	transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules	413:460	transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro)	413:468	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	5	34	theme	hybrid	864:869	arg1	microcapsules					871:883	hybrid microcapsules	864:883	hybrid microcapsules	864:883	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	7	35	theme	Double	1398:1403	arg1	capsules					1405:1412	MicroMix and Double capsules	1385:1412	MicroMix and Double capsules	1385:1412	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	6	36	from	engraftment	1008:1018	arg1	capsules					1063:1070	Micro capsules	1057:1070	Micro capsules	1057:1070	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	2	37	theme	microcapsules	448:460	arg1	effects					402:408	the effects	398:408	the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum	398:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	0	38	theme	Composition	11:21	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.	0:133	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	1	39	theme	strategies	307:316	arg1	development					277:287	the development	273:287	the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression	273:368	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	7	40	theme	MicroMix	1385:1392	arg1	capsules					1405:1412	MicroMix and Double capsules	1385:1412	MicroMix and Double capsules	1385:1412	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	2	41	theme	well-vascularized	490:506	arg1	site					533:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	41	theme	well-vascularized	490:506	arg1	model					541:545	a model	539:545	a model of the human omentum	539:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	42	from	free-floating	583:595	arg1	IP					628:629	IP	628:629	IP	628:629	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	42	from	free-floating	583:595	arg1	cavity					620:625	the intraperitoneal cavity	600:625	the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice	600:638	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	0	43	theme	Alginate-Polyethylene	26:46	arg1	Microcapsules					55:67	Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules	26:67	Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules	26:67	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	1	44	theme	islet	322:326	arg1	transplantation					328:342	islet transplantation	322:342	islet transplantation without immunosuppression	322:368	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	2	45	theme	confined	477:484	arg1	site					533:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	45	theme	confined	477:484	arg1	model					541:545	a model	539:545	a model of the human omentum	539:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	0	46	theme	Transplant	73:82	arg1	Site					84:87	Transplant Site	73:87	Transplant Site	73:87	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	0	47	theme	Microcapsules	55:67	arg1	Composition					11:21	Composition	11:21	Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site	11:87	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	6	48	dep	encapsulated	1213:1224	arg1	MRT					1254:1256	MRT	1254:1256	MRT	1254:1256	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	48	dep	encapsulated	1213:1224	arg1	MRT					1227:1229	MRT	1227:1229	MRT	1227:1229	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	48	dep	encapsulated	1213:1224	arg1	days					1234:1237	8 days	1232:1237	8 days	1232:1237	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	2	49	from	cavity	620:625	arg1	mice					635:638	mice	635:638	mice	635:638	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	4	50	theme	EFP	753:755	arg1	site					757:760	the EFP site	749:760	the EFP site	749:760	To allow transplantation in the EFP site, we minimized capsule size to 500 ± 17 μm.
27525644	1	51	theme	encapsulated	241:252	arg1	islets					254:259	encapsulated islets	241:259	encapsulated islets	241:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	5	52	dep	layer	966:970	arg1	Double					973:978	Double	973:978	Double	973:978	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	6	53	theme	naked	1247:1251	arg1	islets					1285:1290	Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets	1207:1290	Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site	1207:1319	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	8	54	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1624:1634	arg1	suggest					1648:1654	suggest	1648:1654	suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility	1648:1809	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	7	55	theme	IP	1533:1534	arg1	site					1536:1539	the IP site	1529:1539	the IP site	1529:1539	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	3	56	theme	reinforcing	673:683	arg1	ALG					685:687	reinforcing ALG	673:687	reinforcing ALG	673:687	We also examined the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
27525644	3	57	with	effects	662:668	arg1	PEG					715:717	PEG	715:717	PEG	715:717	We also examined the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
27525644	3	57	with	effects	662:668	arg1	glycol					707:712	polyethylene glycol	694:712	polyethylene glycol (PEG)	694:718	We also examined the effects of reinforcing ALG with polyethylene glycol (PEG).
27525644	5	58	dep	±	955:955	arg1	layer					966:970	μm PEG layer	959:970	a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double)	950:979	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	7	59	theme	allogeneic	1508:1517	arg1	islets					1519:1524	allogeneic islets	1508:1524	allogeneic islets	1508:1524	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	1	60	theme	composition	183:193	arg1	effects					164:170	the effects	160:170	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	135:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	6	61	theme	BALB/c	1040:1045	arg1	islets					1047:1052	fully allogeneic BALB/c islets	1023:1052	fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	1023:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	1	62	theme	transplantation	199:213	arg1	site					215:218	transplantation site	199:218	transplantation site	199:218	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	7	63	theme	islets	1371:1376	arg1	viability					1340:1348	in vitro viability	1331:1348	in vitro viability	1331:1348	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	7	63	theme	islets	1371:1376	arg1	functionality					1354:1366	functionality	1354:1366	functionality	1354:1366	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	4	64	theme	±	796:796	arg1	μm					801:802	500 ± 17 μm	792:802	500 ± 17 μm	792:802	To allow transplantation in the EFP site, we minimized capsule size to 500 ± 17 μm.
27525644	2	65	from	effects	402:408	arg1	site					533:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	65	from	effects	402:408	arg1	model					541:545	a model	539:545	a model of the human omentum	539:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	8	66	theme	nutrient	1748:1755	arg1	availability					1757:1768	nutrient availability	1748:1768	nutrient availability	1748:1768	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	5	67	theme	osmotic	829:835	arg1	stress					837:842	osmotic stress	829:842	osmotic stress	829:842	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	5	68	theme	μm	959:960	arg1	layer					966:970	μm PEG layer	959:970	a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double)	950:979	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	6	69	dep	MRT	1152:1154	arg1	<					1167:1167	P < 0.01	1165:1172	P < 0.01	1165:1172	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	69	dep	MRT	1152:1154	arg1	days					1159:1162	5 days	1157:1162	5 days	1157:1162	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	70	theme	median	1097:1102	arg1	[MRT					1118:1121	median reversal time [MRT	1097:1121	median reversal time [MRT	1097:1121	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	70	theme	median	1097:1102	arg1	EFP					1092:1094	the EFP	1088:1094	the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	1088:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	8	71	from	effects	1737:1743	arg1	availability					1757:1768	nutrient availability	1748:1768	nutrient availability	1748:1768	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	8	71	from	effects	1737:1743	arg1	stability					1779:1787	capsule stability	1771:1787	capsule stability	1771:1787	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	8	71	from	effects	1737:1743	arg1	biocompatibility					1794:1809	biocompatibility	1794:1809	biocompatibility	1794:1809	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	7	72	theme	in	1331:1332	arg1	viability					1340:1348	in vitro viability	1331:1348	in vitro viability	1331:1348	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	6	73	theme	IP	1143:1144	arg1	site					1146:1149	the IP site	1139:1149	the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01)	1139:1173	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	73	theme	IP	1143:1144	arg1	MRT					1152:1154	MRT	1152:1154	MRT	1152:1154	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	74	theme	EFP	1312:1314	arg1	site					1316:1319	the EFP site	1308:1319	the EFP site	1308:1319	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	1	75	theme	BACKGROUND	135:144	arg1	Understanding					146:158	BACKGROUND Understanding	135:158	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	135:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	2	76	theme	human	554:558	arg1	omentum					560:566	the human omentum	550:566	the human omentum	550:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	6	77	theme	C57BL/6	1187:1193	arg1	mice					1195:1198	diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1178:1198	diabetic C57BL/6 mice	1178:1198	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	7	78	theme	ALG	1459:1461	arg1	capsules					1475:1482	ALG in MicroMix capsules	1459:1482	ALG in MicroMix capsules	1459:1482	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	2	79	theme	pad	523:525	arg1	site					533:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	79	theme	pad	523:525	arg1	model					541:545	a model	539:545	a model of the human omentum	539:566	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	6	80	dep	EFP	1092:1094	arg1	day					1127:1129	1 day	1125:1129	1 day	1125:1129	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	8	81	theme	graft	1708:1712	arg1	outcomes					1714:1721	graft outcomes	1708:1721	graft outcomes	1708:1721	CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that capsule composition and transplant site affect graft outcomes through their effects on nutrient availability, capsule stability, and biocompatibility.
27525644	0	82	theme	Encapsulated	92:103	arg1	Outcomes					117:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes	92:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice	92:132	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	7	83	theme	PEG	1452:1454	arg1	addition					1440:1447	addition	1440:1447	addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules	1440:1482	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	2	84	theme	epididymal	508:517	arg1	pad					523:525	epididymal fat pad	508:525	the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site	473:536	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	84	theme	epididymal	508:517	arg1	EFP					528:530	EFP	528:530	EFP	528:530	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	0	85	theme	Graft	111:115	arg1	Outcomes					117:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes	92:124	Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice	92:132	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	4	86	from	transplantation	730:744	arg1	site					757:760	the EFP site	749:760	the EFP site	749:760	To allow transplantation in the EFP site, we minimized capsule size to 500 ± 17 μm.
27525644	7	87	dep	in	1463:1464	arg1	MicroMix					1466:1473	MicroMix	1466:1473	MicroMix	1466:1473	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	1	88	dep	Understanding	146:158	arg1	effects					164:170	the effects	160:170	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	135:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	6	89	from	islets	1047:1052	arg1	capsules					1063:1070	Micro capsules	1057:1070	Micro capsules	1057:1070	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	6	90	theme	P	1165:1165	arg1	<					1167:1167	P < 0.01	1165:1172	P < 0.01	1165:1172	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	1	91	from	effects	164:170	arg1	outcomes					229:236	graft outcomes	223:236	graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	223:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	1	92	theme	effective	297:305	arg1	strategies					307:316	more effective strategies	292:316	more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression	292:368	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27525644	7	93	theme	lower	1600:1604	arg1	biocompatibility					1606:1621	lower biocompatibility	1600:1621	lower biocompatibility	1600:1621	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	2	94	theme	-based	441:446	arg1	Micro					463:467	Micro	463:467	Micro	463:467	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	2	94	theme	-based	441:446	arg1	microcapsules					448:460	transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules	413:460	transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro)	413:468	METHODS Here, we evaluated the effects of transplanting alginate (ALG)-based microcapsules (Micro) in the confined and well-vascularized epididymal fat pad (EFP) site, a model of the human omentum, as opposed to free-floating in the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) in mice.
27525644	0	95	theme	Glycol	48:53	arg1	Microcapsules					55:67	Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules	26:67	Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules	26:67	Effects of Composition of Alginate-Polyethylene Glycol Microcapsules and Transplant Site on Encapsulated Islet Graft Outcomes in Mice.
27525644	5	96	theme	ALG	932:934	arg1	capsules					936:943	ALG capsules	932:943	ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double)	932:979	Unlike ALG, PEG resists osmotic stress, hence we generated hybrid microcapsules by mixing PEG and ALG (MicroMix) or by coating ALG capsules with a 15 ± 2 μm PEG layer (Double).
27525644	6	97	theme	improved	999:1006	arg1	engraftment					1008:1018	improved engraftment	999:1018	improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day)	999:1130	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	4	98	theme	capsule	776:782	arg1	size					784:787	capsule size	776:787	capsule size	776:787	To allow transplantation in the EFP site, we minimized capsule size to 500 ± 17 μm.
27525644	7	99	theme	EFP	1574:1576	arg1	site					1578:1581	the EFP site	1570:1581	the EFP site	1570:1581	Although in vitro viability and functionality of islets within MicroMix and Double capsules were comparable to Micro, addition of PEG to ALG in MicroMix capsules improved engraftment of allogeneic islets in the IP site, but resulted deleterious in the EFP site, probably due to lower biocompatibility.
27525644	6	100	dep	RESULTS	982:988	arg1	found					993:997	found	993:997	found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site	993:1319	RESULTS We found improved engraftment of fully allogeneic BALB/c islets in Micro capsules transplanted in the EFP (median reversal time [MRT], 1 day) versus the IP site (MRT, 5 days; P < 0.01) in diabetic C57BL/6 mice and of Micro encapsulated (MRT, 8 days) versus naked (MRT, 36 days; P < 0.01) baboon islets transplanted in the EFP site.
27525644	1	101	theme	islets	254:259	arg1	outcomes					229:236	graft outcomes	223:236	graft outcomes of encapsulated islets	223:259	BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of capsule composition and transplantation site on graft outcomes of encapsulated islets will aid in the development of more effective strategies for islet transplantation without immunosuppression.
27040220	8	0	theme	encapsulation	1581:1593	arg1	behavior					1595:1602	encapsulation behavior	1581:1602	encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts	1581:1617	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	7	1	theme	suitable	1357:1364	arg1	performance					1375:1385	suitable physical performance	1357:1385	suitable physical performance	1357:1385	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	2	theme	%	1339:1339	arg1	GMs					1347:1349	5% (w/v) GMs	1338:1349	5% (w/v) GMs	1338:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	8	3	theme	scaffold	1528:1535	arg1	application					1504:1514	The potential application	1490:1514	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering	1490:1562	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	1	4	theme	in	295:296	arg1	release					303:309	in situ release	295:309	in situ release of calcium cations	295:328	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	1	5	theme	Injectable	130:139	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds	130:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs)	130:271	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	6	6	theme	network	1195:1201	arg1	hybrid					1176:1181	the organic/inorganic hybrid	1154:1181	the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network	1154:1201	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	7	7	dep	%	1322:1322	arg1	w/v					1325:1327	w/v	1325:1327	w/v	1325:1327	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	6	8	theme	composite	1072:1080	arg1	scaffold					1086:1093	this composite gel scaffold	1067:1093	this composite gel scaffold	1067:1093	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	7	9	theme	6	1321:1321	arg1	%					1322:1322	%	1322:1322	%	1322:1322	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	1	10	theme	gelatin	246:252	arg1	GMs					268:270	GMs	268:270	GMs	268:270	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	1	10	theme	gelatin	246:252	arg1	microspheres					254:265	gelatin microspheres	246:265	gelatin microspheres (GMs)	246:271	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	5	11	dep	0.5	931:933	arg1	to					928:929	to	928:929	to	928:929	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	1	12	dep	in	295:296	arg1	situ					298:301	situ	298:301	situ	298:301	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	3	13	theme	scaffolds	605:613	arg1	bioactivity					576:586	bioactivity	576:586	bioactivity of composite gel scaffolds	576:613	Synchronously, tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) was encapsulated into GMs to enhance bioactivity of composite gel scaffolds.
27040220	5	14	theme	gel	895:897	arg1	scaffolds					899:907	gel scaffolds	895:907	gel scaffolds	895:907	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	1	15	theme	biodegradable	145:157	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds	130:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs)	130:271	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	3	16	theme	composite	591:599	arg1	scaffolds					605:613	composite gel scaffolds	591:613	composite gel scaffolds	591:613	Synchronously, tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) was encapsulated into GMs to enhance bioactivity of composite gel scaffolds.
27040220	7	17	contain	have	1352:1355	arg2	performance					1375:1385	suitable physical performance	1357:1385	suitable physical performance	1357:1385	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	17	contain	have	1352:1355	arg1	scaffolds					1286:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	17	contain	have	1352:1355	arg1	one					1312:1314	the one	1308:1314	the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs	1308:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	17	contain	have	1352:1355	arg2	properties					1401:1410	bioactive properties	1391:1410	bioactive properties	1391:1410	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	18	theme	bone	1465:1468	arg1	engineering					1477:1487	bone tissue engineering	1465:1487	bone tissue engineering	1465:1487	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	9	19	theme	gel	1648:1650	arg1	scaffold					1652:1659	the gel scaffold	1644:1659	the gel scaffold	1644:1659	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	4	20	theme	scaffolds	669:677	arg1	characteristics					646:660	characteristics	646:660	characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release,	646:791	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	0	21	theme	bone	105:108	arg1	engineering					117:127	bone tissue engineering	105:127	bone tissue engineering	105:127	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	5	22	theme	gelation	1026:1033	arg1	time					1035:1038	gelation time	1026:1038	gelation time	1026:1038	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	1	23	theme	alginate-based	159:172	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds	130:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs)	130:271	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	4	24	theme	swelling	738:745	arg1	ratio					747:751	swelling ratio	738:751	swelling ratio	738:751	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	7	25	theme	gel	1282:1284	arg1	scaffolds					1286:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	25	theme	gel	1282:1284	arg1	one					1312:1314	the one	1308:1314	the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs	1308:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	2	26	theme	control	434:440	arg1	value					445:449	control pH value	434:449	control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation	434:489	As triggers of calcium cations, CaCO3 and glucono-D-lactone (GDL) were fixed as a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation.
27040220	4	27	theme	gelation	700:707	arg1	time					709:712	gelation time	700:712	gelation time	700:712	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	0	28	theme	Injectable	0:9	arg1	scaffold					39:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold	0:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold	0:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	29	dep	have	1352:1355	arg1	provide					1418:1424	provide	1418:1424	provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering	1418:1487	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	30	theme	integrated	1256:1265	arg1	HAp					1237:1239	HAp	1237:1239	HAp	1237:1239	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	2	31	theme	1:1	427:429	arg1	ratio					418:422	a mass ratio	411:422	a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation	411:489	As triggers of calcium cations, CaCO3 and glucono-D-lactone (GDL) were fixed as a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation.
27040220	0	32	theme	gel	35:37	arg1	scaffold					39:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold	0:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold	0:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	9	33	from	effects	1682:1688	arg1	activity					1704:1711	osteoblast activity	1693:1711	osteoblast activity	1693:1711	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	7	34	theme	GMs	1245:1247	arg1	scaffolds					1286:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	34	theme	GMs	1245:1247	arg1	one					1312:1314	the one	1308:1314	the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs	1308:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	4	35	theme	drug	779:782	arg1	release					784:790	drug release	779:790	drug release	779:790	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	1	36	theme	cations	322:328	arg1	release					303:309	in situ release	295:309	in situ release of calcium cations	295:328	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	7	37	theme	HAp	1237:1239	arg1	scaffolds					1286:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	37	theme	HAp	1237:1239	arg1	one					1312:1314	the one	1308:1314	the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs	1308:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	0	38	theme	gelatin	62:68	arg1	microspheres					70:81	gelatin microspheres	62:81	gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering	62:127	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	5	39	theme	weight	983:988	arg1	loss					990:993	decreased weight loss	973:993	decreased weight loss	973:993	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	2	40	theme	calcium	346:352	arg1	cations					354:360	calcium cations	346:360	calcium cations	346:360	As triggers of calcium cations, CaCO3 and glucono-D-lactone (GDL) were fixed as a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation.
27040220	2	41	dep	7.2	471:473	arg1	to					468:469	to	468:469	to	468:469	As triggers of calcium cations, CaCO3 and glucono-D-lactone (GDL) were fixed as a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation.
27040220	7	42	dep	HAp	1237:1239	arg1	the					1233:1235	the	1233:1235	the	1233:1235	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	1	43	theme	gel	184:186	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds	130:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs)	130:271	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	8	44	theme	tissue	1545:1550	arg1	engineering					1552:1562	bone tissue engineering	1540:1562	bone tissue engineering	1540:1562	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	7	45	theme	physical	1366:1373	arg1	performance					1375:1385	suitable physical performance	1357:1385	suitable physical performance	1357:1385	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	5	46	theme	gel	957:959	arg1	network					961:967	the gel network	953:967	the gel network	953:967	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	9	47	theme	pathologies	1772:1782	arg1	treatment					1759:1767	local treatment	1753:1767	local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss	1753:1802	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	8	48	theme	potential	1494:1502	arg1	application					1504:1514	The potential application	1490:1514	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering	1490:1562	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	9	49	theme	bone	1794:1797	arg1	loss					1799:1802	bone loss	1794:1802	bone loss	1794:1802	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	6	50	theme	local	1104:1108	arg1	microenvironment					1110:1125	the local microenvironment	1100:1125	the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network	1100:1201	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	8	51	theme	gel	1524:1526	arg1	scaffold					1528:1535	this gel scaffold	1519:1535	this gel scaffold	1519:1535	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	3	52	theme	tetracycline	507:518	arg1	TH					535:536	TH	535:536	TH	535:536	Synchronously, tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) was encapsulated into GMs to enhance bioactivity of composite gel scaffolds.
27040220	3	52	theme	tetracycline	507:518	arg1	hydrochloride					520:532	tetracycline hydrochloride	507:532	tetracycline hydrochloride (TH)	507:537	Synchronously, tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) was encapsulated into GMs to enhance bioactivity of composite gel scaffolds.
27040220	7	53	theme	5	1338:1338	arg1	%					1339:1339	%	1339:1339	%	1339:1339	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	4	54	theme	HAp	631:633	arg1	effects					620:626	The effects	616:626	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release,	616:791	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	6	55	theme	hydrogel	1186:1193	arg1	network					1195:1201	hydrogel network	1186:1201	hydrogel network	1186:1201	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	8	56	theme	osteoblasts	1607:1617	arg1	behavior					1595:1602	encapsulation behavior	1581:1602	encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts	1581:1617	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	6	57	theme	gel	1082:1084	arg1	scaffold					1086:1093	this composite gel scaffold	1067:1093	this composite gel scaffold	1067:1093	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	4	58	theme	GMs	639:641	arg1	effects					620:626	The effects	616:626	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release,	616:791	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	8	59	from	application	1504:1514	arg1	engineering					1552:1562	bone tissue engineering	1540:1562	bone tissue engineering	1540:1562	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	4	60	from	effects	620:626	arg1	characteristics					646:660	characteristics	646:660	characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release,	646:791	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	5	61	theme	swelling	1007:1014	arg1	ratio					1016:1020	swelling ratio	1007:1020	swelling ratio	1007:1020	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	6	62	theme	organic/inorganic	1158:1174	arg1	hybrid					1176:1181	the organic/inorganic hybrid	1154:1181	the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network	1154:1201	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	7	63	with	one	1312:1314	arg1	GMs					1347:1349	5% (w/v) GMs	1338:1349	5% (w/v) GMs	1338:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	63	with	one	1312:1314	arg1	HAp					1330:1332	6% (w/v) HAp	1321:1332	6% (w/v) HAp	1321:1332	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	5	64	theme	mechanical	870:879	arg1	properties					881:890	mechanical properties	870:890	mechanical properties of gel scaffolds	870:907	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	3	65	theme	gel	601:603	arg1	scaffolds					605:613	composite gel scaffolds	591:613	composite gel scaffolds	591:613	Synchronously, tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) was encapsulated into GMs to enhance bioactivity of composite gel scaffolds.
27040220	7	66	dep	%	1339:1339	arg1	w/v					1342:1344	w/v	1342:1344	w/v	1342:1344	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	67	theme	tissue	1470:1475	arg1	engineering					1477:1487	bone tissue engineering	1465:1487	bone tissue engineering	1465:1487	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	6	68	theme	controlled	1132:1141	arg1	fashion					1143:1149	a controlled fashion	1130:1149	a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network	1130:1201	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	4	69	theme	pH	690:691	arg1	value					693:697	pH value	690:697	pH value	690:697	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	0	70	theme	drug	87:90	arg1	delivery					92:99	drug delivery	87:99	drug delivery	87:99	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	1	71	theme	composite	174:182	arg1	scaffolds					188:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds	130:196	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs)	130:271	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	behavior					766:773	degradation behavior	754:773	degradation behavior	754:773	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	value					693:697	pH value	690:697	pH value	690:697	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	properties					726:735	mechanical properties	715:735	mechanical properties	715:735	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	scaffolds					669:677	gel scaffolds	665:677	gel scaffolds	665:677	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	release					784:790	drug release	779:790	drug release	779:790	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	time					709:712	gelation time	700:712	gelation time	700:712	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	4	72	theme	gel	665:667	arg1	ratio					747:751	swelling ratio	738:751	swelling ratio	738:751	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	0	73	theme	tissue	110:115	arg1	engineering					117:127	bone tissue engineering	105:127	bone tissue engineering	105:127	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	9	74	theme	beneficial	1671:1680	arg1	effects					1682:1688	beneficial effects	1671:1688	beneficial effects	1671:1688	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	4	75	theme	mechanical	715:724	arg1	properties					726:735	mechanical properties	715:735	mechanical properties	715:735	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	7	76	theme	alginate-based	1267:1280	arg1	scaffolds					1286:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds	1233:1294	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	7	76	theme	alginate-based	1267:1280	arg1	one					1312:1314	the one	1308:1314	the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs	1308:1349	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	1	77	attach	cross-linked	278:289	arg3	release					303:309	in situ release	295:309	in situ release of calcium cations	295:328	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	6	78	from	microenvironment	1110:1125	arg1	fashion					1143:1149	a controlled fashion	1130:1149	a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network	1130:1201	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	0	79	theme	alginate/hydroxyapatite	11:33	arg1	scaffold					39:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold	0:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold	0:46	Injectable alginate/hydroxyapatite gel scaffold combined with gelatin microspheres for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering.
27040220	5	80	theme	scaffolds	899:907	arg1	properties					881:890	mechanical properties	870:890	mechanical properties of gel scaffolds	870:907	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	9	81	with	combination	1623:1633	arg1	TH					1640:1641	TH	1640:1641	TH	1640:1641	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	2	82	theme	mass	413:416	arg1	ratio					418:422	a mass ratio	411:422	a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation	411:489	As triggers of calcium cations, CaCO3 and glucono-D-lactone (GDL) were fixed as a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation.
27040220	1	83	theme	calcium	314:320	arg1	cations					322:328	calcium cations	314:328	calcium cations	314:328	Injectable and biodegradable alginate-based composite gel scaffolds doubly integrated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) and gelatin microspheres (GMs) were cross-linked via in situ release of calcium cations.
27040220	7	84	theme	potential	1428:1436	arg1	opportunity					1438:1448	a potential opportunity	1426:1448	a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering	1426:1487	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	5	85	theme	decreased	973:981	arg1	loss					990:993	decreased weight loss	973:993	decreased weight loss	973:993	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
27040220	2	86	theme	pH	442:443	arg1	value					445:449	control pH value	434:449	control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation	434:489	As triggers of calcium cations, CaCO3 and glucono-D-lactone (GDL) were fixed as a mass ratio of 1:1 to control pH value ranging from 6.8 to 7.2 during gelation.
27040220	6	87	attach	released	1053:1060	arg1	scaffold					1086:1093	this composite gel scaffold	1067:1093	this composite gel scaffold	1067:1093	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	6	87	attach	released	1053:1060	arg2	TH					1041:1042	TH	1041:1042	TH	1041:1042	TH could be released from this composite gel scaffold into the local microenvironment in a controlled fashion by the organic/inorganic hybrid of hydrogel network.
27040220	8	88	theme	bone	1540:1543	arg1	engineering					1552:1562	bone tissue engineering	1540:1562	bone tissue engineering	1540:1562	The potential application of this gel scaffold in bone tissue engineering was confirmed by encapsulation behavior of osteoblasts.
27040220	7	89	theme	%	1322:1322	arg1	HAp					1330:1332	6% (w/v) HAp	1321:1332	6% (w/v) HAp	1321:1332	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	9	90	theme	local	1753:1757	arg1	treatment					1759:1767	local treatment	1753:1767	local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss	1753:1802	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	7	91	theme	bioactive	1391:1399	arg1	properties					1401:1410	bioactive properties	1391:1410	bioactive properties	1391:1410	Our results demonstrate that the HAp and GMs doubly integrated alginate-based gel scaffolds, especially the one with 6% (w/v) HAp and 5% (w/v) GMs, have suitable physical performance and bioactive properties, thus provide a potential opportunity to be used for bone tissue engineering.
27040220	4	92	theme	degradation	754:764	arg1	behavior					766:773	degradation behavior	754:773	degradation behavior	754:773	The effects of HAp and GMs on characteristics of gel scaffolds, including pH value, gelation time, mechanical properties, swelling ratio, degradation behavior and drug release, were investigated.
27040220	9	93	theme	osteoblast	1693:1702	arg1	activity					1704:1711	osteoblast activity	1693:1711	osteoblast activity	1693:1711	In combination with TH, the gel scaffold exhibited beneficial effects on osteoblast activity, which suggested a promising future for local treatment of pathologies involving bone loss.
27040220	5	94	from	0.5	931:933	arg1	strain					912:917	strain	912:917	strain	912:917	The results showed that HAp and GMs successfully improved mechanical properties of gel scaffolds at strain from 0.1 to 0.5, which stabilized the gel network and decreased weight loss, as well as swelling ratio and gelation time.
28991369	2	0	theme	fertilizer	340:349	arg1	application					351:361	late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application	320:361	late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application	320:361	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	2	1	from	effects	309:315	arg1	quality					371:377	rice quality	366:377	rice quality	366:377	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	4	2	theme	rice	590:593	arg1	content					603:609	rice amylose content	590:609	rice amylose content	590:609	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	8	3	theme	different	1366:1374	arg1	genotypes					1376:1384	different genotypes	1366:1384	different genotypes of the Wx gene	1366:1399	Amylopectin structure varied significantly in different genotypes of the Wx gene, and the degree of branching was as follows: wx > Wxb > Wxin > Wxa .
28991369	3	4	theme	starch	491:496	arg1	composition					498:508	starch composition	491:508	starch composition	491:508	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	12	5	theme	late	2046:2049	arg1	application					2060:2070	controlling late nitrogen application	2034:2070	controlling late nitrogen application	2034:2070	Obviously, controlling late nitrogen application is essential to optimize rice quality.
28991369	6	6	theme	peak	1140:1143	arg1	time					1145:1148	peak time	1140:1148	peak time	1140:1148	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	4	7	theme	Wx	669:670	arg1	genes					672:676	different Wx genes	659:676	different Wx genes	659:676	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	1	8	theme	high-quality	168:179	arg1	production					186:195	high-quality rice production	168:195	high-quality rice production	168:195	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	1	9	theme	production	186:195	arg1	development					133:143	the rapid development	123:143	the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption	123:211	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	11	10	theme	starch	1967:1972	arg1	crystallinity					1974:1986	starch crystallinity	1967:1986	starch crystallinity	1967:1986	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	5	11	from	content	738:744	arg1	rice					749:752	rice	749:752	rice	749:752	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	3	12	theme	rice	556:559	arg1	composition					498:508	starch composition	491:508	starch composition	491:508	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	12	theme	rice	556:559	arg1	structure					523:531	amylopectin structure	511:531	amylopectin structure	511:531	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	12	theme	rice	556:559	arg1	quality					545:551	cooking quality	537:551	cooking quality	537:551	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	1	13	theme	consumption	201:211	arg1	development					133:143	the rapid development	123:143	the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption	123:211	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	8	14	theme	branching	1420:1428	arg1	degree					1410:1415	the degree	1406:1415	the degree of branching	1406:1428	Amylopectin structure varied significantly in different genotypes of the Wx gene, and the degree of branching was as follows: wx > Wxb > Wxin > Wxa .
28991369	6	15	theme	amylose	1021:1027	arg1	content					1029:1035	apparent amylose content	1012:1035	apparent amylose content	1012:1035	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	10	16	theme	Starch	1563:1568	arg1	crystallinity					1570:1582	Starch crystallinity	1563:1582	Starch crystallinity	1563:1582	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	5	17	dep	Indica	930:935	arg1	varieties					950:958	varieties	950:958	varieties	950:958	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	11	18	theme	amylose	1892:1898	arg1	content					1900:1906	amylose content	1892:1906	amylose content	1892:1906	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	10	19	theme	nitrogen	1773:1780	arg1	fertilization					1782:1794	late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1762:1794	late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1762:1794	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	5	20	from	rice	749:752	arg1	>					774:774	>	774:774	>	774:774	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	5	20	from	rice	749:752	arg1	law					714:716	The law	710:716	The law of apparent amylose content in rice	710:752	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	5	21	theme	amylose	875:881	arg1	content					883:889	apparent amylose content	866:889	apparent amylose content	866:889	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	11	22	theme	Late-stage	1808:1817	arg1	fertilization					1828:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1797:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1797:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	7	23	theme	rice	1194:1197	arg1	quality					1183:1189	the cooking quality	1171:1189	the cooking quality of rice	1171:1197	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	5	24	theme	same	786:789	arg1	level					800:804	the same nitrogen level	782:804	the same nitrogen level	782:804	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	1	25	theme	agriculture	155:165	arg1	development					133:143	the rapid development	123:143	the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption	123:211	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	5	26	theme	amylose	730:736	arg1	content					738:744	apparent amylose content	721:744	apparent amylose content in rice	721:752	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	1	27	theme	rapid	127:131	arg1	development					133:143	the rapid development	123:143	the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption	123:211	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	3	28	theme	test	463:466	arg1	materials					468:476	test materials	463:476	test materials	463:476	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	28	theme	test	463:466	arg1	lines					444:448	Wx near-isogenic lines	427:448	Wx near-isogenic lines	427:448	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	29	theme	near-isogenic	430:442	arg1	materials					468:476	test materials	463:476	test materials	463:476	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	29	theme	near-isogenic	430:442	arg1	lines					444:448	Wx near-isogenic lines	427:448	Wx near-isogenic lines	427:448	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	0	30	theme	rice	101:104	arg1	structure					68:76	starch structure	61:76	starch structure	61:76	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	0	30	theme	rice	101:104	arg1	quality					90:96	cooking quality	82:96	cooking quality	82:96	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	31	used	used	455:458	arg2	materials					468:476	test materials	463:476	test materials	463:476	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	3	31	used	used	455:458	arg2	lines					444:448	Wx near-isogenic lines	427:448	Wx near-isogenic lines	427:448	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	10	32	theme	swelling	1588:1595	arg1	potential					1597:1605	swelling potential	1588:1605	swelling potential	1588:1605	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	1	33	theme	rice	273:276	arg1	production					278:287	rice production	273:287	rice production	273:287	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	7	34	theme	fertilizer	1296:1305	arg1	application					1307:1317	low-level nitrogen fertilizer application	1277:1317	low-level nitrogen fertilizer application	1277:1317	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	10	35	theme	amylose	1639:1645	arg1	content					1647:1653	amylose content	1639:1653	amylose content	1639:1653	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	0	36	theme	late-stage	11:20	arg1	nitrogen					22:29	late-stage nitrogen	11:29	late-stage nitrogen	11:29	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	5	37	theme	obvious	903:909	arg1	characteristics					911:925	obvious characteristics	903:925	obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties	903:958	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	7	38	theme	low-level	1277:1285	arg1	application					1307:1317	low-level nitrogen fertilizer application	1277:1317	low-level nitrogen fertilizer application	1277:1317	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	11	39	theme	branching	1933:1941	arg1	degree					1943:1948	amylopectin branching degree	1921:1948	amylopectin branching degree	1921:1948	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	8	40	theme	Wx	1393:1394	arg1	gene					1396:1399	the Wx gene	1389:1399	the Wx gene	1389:1399	Amylopectin structure varied significantly in different genotypes of the Wx gene, and the degree of branching was as follows: wx > Wxb > Wxin > Wxa .
28991369	2	41	theme	same	402:405	arg1	background					415:424	the same genetic background	398:424	the same genetic background	398:424	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	8	42	dep	follows	1437:1443	arg1	Wxa					1464:1466	Wxa	1464:1466	Wxa	1464:1466	Amylopectin structure varied significantly in different genotypes of the Wx gene, and the degree of branching was as follows: wx > Wxb > Wxin > Wxa .
28991369	9	43	theme	short	1534:1538	arg1	chains					1540:1545	the fewer short chains	1524:1545	the fewer short chains of amylopectin	1524:1560	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	9	43	theme	short	1534:1538	arg1	rice					1518:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	6	44	theme	application	989:999	arg1	amount					968:973	the amount	964:973	the amount of fertilizer application	964:999	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	6	44	theme	application	989:999	arg1	application					989:999	fertilizer application	978:999	fertilizer application	978:999	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	0	45	theme	starch	61:66	arg1	structure					68:76	starch structure	61:76	starch structure	61:76	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	2	46	theme	nitrogen	331:338	arg1	application					351:361	late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application	320:361	late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application	320:361	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	6	47	theme	peak	1089:1092	arg1	viscosities					1094:1104	peak viscosities	1089:1104	peak viscosities	1089:1104	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	11	48	theme	pasting	2003:2009	arg1	properties					2011:2020	pasting properties	2003:2020	pasting properties	2003:2020	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	11	49	theme	rice	1873:1876	arg1	quality					1862:1868	the cooking quality	1850:1868	the cooking quality of rice	1850:1876	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	13	50	theme	Chemical	2129:2136	arg1	Industry					2138:2145	Chemical Industry	2129:2145	Chemical Industry	2129:2145	© 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
28991369	4	51	theme	amylose	595:601	arg1	content					603:609	rice amylose content	590:609	rice amylose content	590:609	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	10	52	theme	branching	1712:1720	arg1	degree					1722:1727	amylopectin branching degree	1700:1727	amylopectin branching degree	1700:1727	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	1	53	theme	urgent	236:241	arg1	demand					243:248	the current urgent demand	224:248	the current urgent demand for the development of rice production	224:287	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	12	54	theme	nitrogen	2051:2058	arg1	application					2060:2070	controlling late nitrogen application	2034:2070	controlling late nitrogen application	2034:2070	Obviously, controlling late nitrogen application is essential to optimize rice quality.
28991369	7	55	theme	cooking	1175:1181	arg1	quality					1183:1189	the cooking quality	1171:1189	the cooking quality of rice	1171:1197	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	2	56	theme	application	351:361	arg1	effects					309:315	the effects	305:315	the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality	305:377	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	5	57	from	law	714:716	arg1	rice					749:752	rice	749:752	rice	749:752	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	6	58	theme	gel	1048:1050	arg1	consistency					1052:1062	gel consistency	1048:1062	gel consistency	1048:1062	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	3	59	theme	cooking	537:543	arg1	quality					545:551	cooking quality	537:551	cooking quality	537:551	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	12	60	theme	controlling	2034:2044	arg1	application					2060:2070	controlling late nitrogen application	2034:2070	controlling late nitrogen application	2034:2070	Obviously, controlling late nitrogen application is essential to optimize rice quality.
28991369	4	61	theme	different	659:667	arg1	genes					672:676	different Wx genes	659:676	different Wx genes	659:676	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	10	62	theme	late-stage	1762:1771	arg1	fertilization					1782:1794	late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1762:1794	late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1762:1794	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	1	63	theme	rice	181:184	arg1	production					186:195	high-quality rice production	168:195	high-quality rice production	168:195	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	6	64	theme	setback	1118:1124	arg1	viscosity					1126:1134	setback viscosity	1118:1134	setback viscosity	1118:1134	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	11	65	theme	CONCLUSION	1797:1806	arg1	fertilization					1828:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1797:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1797:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	5	66	theme	nitrogen	791:798	arg1	level					800:804	the same nitrogen level	782:804	the same nitrogen level	782:804	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	2	67	theme	rice	366:369	arg1	quality					371:377	rice quality	366:377	rice quality	366:377	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	12	68	theme	rice	2097:2100	arg1	quality					2102:2108	rice quality	2097:2108	rice quality	2097:2108	Obviously, controlling late nitrogen application is essential to optimize rice quality.
28991369	7	69	theme	fertilizer	1248:1257	arg1	use					1232:1234	the use	1228:1234	the use of nitrogen fertilizer	1228:1257	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	5	70	theme	gel	826:828	arg1	consistency					830:840	gel consistency	826:840	gel consistency	826:840	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	10	71	theme	fertilization	1782:1794	arg1	increase					1750:1757	the increase	1746:1757	the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1746:1794	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
28991369	11	72	theme	nitrogen	1819:1826	arg1	fertilization					1828:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1797:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization	1797:1840	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	5	73	theme	Japonica	941:948	arg1	characteristics					911:925	obvious characteristics	903:925	obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties	903:958	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	5	74	theme	apparent	866:873	arg1	content					883:889	apparent amylose content	866:889	apparent amylose content	866:889	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	6	75	theme	fertilizer	978:987	arg1	application					989:999	fertilizer application	978:999	fertilizer application	978:999	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	5	76	theme	consistency	830:840	arg1	opposite					846:853	opposite	846:853	opposite	846:853	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	5	76	theme	consistency	830:840	arg1	trend					817:821	the trend	813:821	the trend of gel consistency	813:840	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	0	77	theme	cooking	82:88	arg1	quality					90:96	cooking quality	82:96	cooking quality	82:96	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	1	78	theme	modern	148:153	arg1	agriculture					155:165	modern agriculture	148:165	modern agriculture	148:165	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	4	79	theme	waxy	699:702	arg1	rice					704:707	waxy rice	699:707	waxy rice	699:707	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	5	80	theme	apparent	721:728	arg1	content					738:744	apparent amylose content	721:744	apparent amylose content in rice	721:752	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	8	81	theme	Amylopectin	1320:1330	arg1	structure					1332:1340	Amylopectin structure	1320:1340	Amylopectin structure	1320:1340	Amylopectin structure varied significantly in different genotypes of the Wx gene, and the degree of branching was as follows: wx > Wxb > Wxin > Wxa .
28991369	11	82	theme	cooking	1854:1860	arg1	quality					1862:1868	the cooking quality	1850:1868	the cooking quality of rice	1850:1876	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	5	83	theme	content	738:744	arg1	>					774:774	>	774:774	>	774:774	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	5	83	theme	content	738:744	arg1	law					714:716	The law	710:716	The law of apparent amylose content in rice	710:752	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	5	84	theme	Indica	930:935	arg1	characteristics					911:925	obvious characteristics	903:925	obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties	903:958	The law of apparent amylose content in rice is Wxa > Wxin > Wxb > wx at the same nitrogen level, while the trend of gel consistency was opposite to that of apparent amylose content, presenting obvious characteristics of Indica and Japonica varieties.
28991369	0	85	from	application	42:52	arg1	structure					68:76	starch structure	61:76	starch structure	61:76	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	0	85	from	application	42:52	arg1	quality					90:96	cooking quality	82:96	cooking quality	82:96	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	11	86	theme	amylopectin	1921:1931	arg1	degree					1943:1948	amylopectin branching degree	1921:1948	amylopectin branching degree	1921:1948	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	11	87	dep	reduced	1842:1848	arg1	decreased					1957:1965	decreased	1957:1965	decreased starch crystallinity	1957:1986	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	11	87	dep	reduced	1842:1848	arg1	aggravated					1992:2001	aggravated	1992:2001	aggravated pasting properties	1992:2020	CONCLUSION Late-stage nitrogen fertilization reduced the cooking quality of rice by increasing amylose content and reducing amylopectin branching degree, which decreased starch crystallinity and aggravated pasting properties.
28991369	1	88	with	BACKGROUND	107:116	arg1	development					133:143	the rapid development	123:143	the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption	123:211	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	7	89	theme	nitrogen	1287:1294	arg1	application					1307:1317	low-level nitrogen fertilizer application	1277:1317	low-level nitrogen fertilizer application	1277:1317	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	9	90	dep	indicated	1482:1490	arg1	chains					1540:1545	the fewer short chains	1524:1545	the fewer short chains of amylopectin	1524:1560	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	9	90	dep	indicated	1482:1490	arg1	rice					1518:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	0	91	theme	nitrogen	22:29	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of late-stage nitrogen	0:29	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	1	92	theme	production	278:287	arg1	development					258:268	the development	254:268	the development of rice production	254:287	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	0	93	dep	structure	68:76	arg1	the					57:59	the	57:59	the	57:59	Effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on the starch structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	6	94	theme	apparent	1012:1019	arg1	content					1029:1035	apparent amylose content	1012:1035	apparent amylose content	1012:1035	As the amount of fertilizer application increased, apparent amylose content increased, gel consistency decreased, breakdown and peak viscosities dropped and setback viscosity and peak time increased.
28991369	4	95	theme	RESULTS	562:568	arg1	Results					570:576	RESULTS Results	562:576	RESULTS Results	562:576	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	9	96	theme	closer	1501:1506	arg1	chains					1540:1545	the fewer short chains	1524:1545	the fewer short chains of amylopectin	1524:1560	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	9	96	theme	closer	1501:1506	arg1	rice					1518:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	2	97	theme	genetic	407:413	arg1	background					415:424	the same genetic background	398:424	the same genetic background	398:424	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	9	98	theme	fewer	1528:1532	arg1	chains					1540:1545	the fewer short chains	1524:1545	the fewer short chains of amylopectin	1524:1560	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	9	98	theme	fewer	1528:1532	arg1	rice					1518:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	7	99	theme	nitrogen	1239:1246	arg1	fertilizer					1248:1257	nitrogen fertilizer	1239:1257	nitrogen fertilizer	1239:1257	Moreover, the cooking quality of rice significantly decreased with the use of nitrogen fertilizer, especially under low-level nitrogen fertilizer application.
28991369	8	100	theme	gene	1396:1399	arg1	genotypes					1376:1384	different genotypes	1366:1384	different genotypes of the Wx gene	1366:1399	Amylopectin structure varied significantly in different genotypes of the Wx gene, and the degree of branching was as follows: wx > Wxb > Wxin > Wxa .
28991369	2	101	theme	late-stage	320:329	arg1	application					351:361	late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application	320:361	late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application	320:361	In this paper, the effects of late-stage nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were studied under the same genetic background.
28991369	9	102	theme	amylopectin	1550:1560	arg1	chains					1540:1545	the fewer short chains	1524:1545	the fewer short chains of amylopectin	1524:1560	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	9	102	theme	amylopectin	1550:1560	arg1	rice					1518:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	the closer to Indica rice	1497:1521	This result indicated that the closer to Indica rice, the fewer short chains of amylopectin.
28991369	3	103	theme	amylopectin	511:521	arg1	structure					523:531	amylopectin structure	511:531	amylopectin structure	511:531	Wx near-isogenic lines were used as test materials to study the starch composition, amylopectin structure and cooking quality of rice.
28991369	1	104	theme	current	228:234	arg1	demand					243:248	the current urgent demand	224:248	the current urgent demand for the development of rice production	224:287	BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern agriculture, high-quality rice production and consumption has become the current urgent demand for the development of rice production.
28991369	4	105	theme	gel	615:617	arg1	consistency					619:629	gel consistency	615:629	gel consistency	615:629	RESULTS Results showed that rice amylose content and gel consistency significantly differed when different Wx genes were tranformed into waxy rice.
28991369	10	106	theme	amylopectin	1700:1710	arg1	degree					1722:1727	amylopectin branching degree	1700:1727	amylopectin branching degree	1700:1727	Starch crystallinity and swelling potential were negatively correlated with amylose content but significantly positively correlated with amylopectin branching degree, decreasing with the increase of late-stage nitrogen fertilization.
27072297	0	0	theme	community	72:80	arg1	composition					82:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	4	1	theme	fatty	841:845	arg1	acids					847:851	rumen volatile fatty acids	826:851	rumen volatile fatty acids	826:851	Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured.
27072297	2	2	theme	energy	595:600	arg1	requirement					602:612	their energy requirement	589:612	their energy requirement	589:612	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	0	3	theme	microbial	62:70	arg1	composition					82:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	0	4	theme	lactation	168:176	arg1	period					178:183	the mid-to-late lactation period	152:183	the mid-to-late lactation period	152:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	6	5	theme	fibrolytic	1209:1218	arg1	Fibrobacter					1230:1240	the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter	1205:1240	the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter	1205:1240	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	6	6	theme	group	1314:1318	arg1	fluid					1290:1294	the rumen fluid	1280:1294	the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group	1280:1318	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	4	7	theme	plasma	796:801	arg1	parameters					814:823	plasma metabolite parameters	796:823	plasma metabolite parameters	796:823	Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured.
27072297	0	8	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	fermentation					118:129	subsequent rumen fermentation	101:129	subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period	101:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	0	8	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	composition					82:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	6	9	theme	10 g	1309:1312	arg1	group					1314:1318	the yeast 10 g group	1299:1318	the yeast 10 g group	1299:1318	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	3	10	theme	21-day	670:675	arg1	periods					677:683	21-day periods	670:683	21-day periods	670:683	Yeast supplement was set at 0, 5 and 10 g per day over 21-day periods, each of which consisted of 14 days for adaptation followed by 7 days of data collection.
27072297	6	11	theme	bacterium	1220:1228	arg1	Fibrobacter					1230:1240	the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter	1205:1240	the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter	1205:1240	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	5	12	theme	feeding	963:969	arg1	performance					983:993	feeding and milking performance	963:993	feeding and milking performance	963:993	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	3	13	dep	consisted	700:708	arg1	followed					736:743	followed	736:743	followed by 7 days of data collection	736:772	Yeast supplement was set at 0, 5 and 10 g per day over 21-day periods, each of which consisted of 14 days for adaptation followed by 7 days of data collection.
27072297	1	14	theme	active	261:266	arg1	product					274:280	an active yeast product	258:280	an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47)	258:296	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	1	14	theme	active	261:266	arg1	Sc					291:292	Actisaf Sc 47	283:295	Actisaf Sc 47	283:295	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	0	15	theme	subsequent	101:110	arg1	fermentation					118:129	subsequent rumen fermentation	101:129	subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period	101:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	3	16	theme	Yeast	615:619	arg1	supplement					621:630	Yeast supplement	615:630	Yeast supplement	615:630	Yeast supplement was set at 0, 5 and 10 g per day over 21-day periods, each of which consisted of 14 days for adaptation followed by 7 days of data collection.
27072297	6	17	dep	increased	1256:1264	arg1	P < 0.05					1267:1274	P < 0.05	1267:1274	P < 0.05	1267:1274	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	7	18	from	composition	1476:1486	arg1	rumen					1528:1532	the rumen	1524:1532	the rumen	1524:1532	These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
27072297	2	19	theme	commercial	486:495	arg1	concentrate					497:507	a commercial concentrate	484:507	a commercial concentrate (70.0%)	484:515	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	2	19	theme	commercial	486:495	arg1	%					514:514	70.0%	510:514	70.0%	510:514	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	0	20	theme	yeast	39:43	arg1	product					45:51	an active dry yeast product	25:51	an active dry yeast product	25:51	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	2	21	theme	detergent	432:440	arg1	fiber					442:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	2	22	theme	neutral	424:430	arg1	fiber					442:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	7	23	theme	fermentation	1492:1503	arg1	characteristics					1505:1519	fermentation characteristics	1492:1519	fermentation characteristics	1492:1519	These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
27072297	2	24	theme	mixed	402:406	arg1	ration					408:413	a mixed ration	400:413	a mixed ration	400:413	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	6	25	theme	rumen	1284:1288	arg1	fluid					1290:1294	the rumen fluid	1280:1294	the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group	1280:1318	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	2	26	theme	timothy	463:469	arg1	hay					471:473	timothy hay	463:473	timothy hay (29.8%)	463:481	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	2	26	theme	timothy	463:469	arg1	%					480:480	29.8%	476:480	29.8%	476:480	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	6	27	theme	yeast	1303:1307	arg1	group					1314:1318	the yeast 10 g group	1299:1318	the yeast 10 g group	1299:1318	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	1	28	theme	replicated	341:350	arg1	design					371:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	2	29	theme	calcium	532:538	arg1	triphosphate					540:551	commercial calcium triphosphate	521:551	commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%)	521:558	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	2	29	theme	calcium	532:538	arg1	%					557:557	0.2%	554:557	0.2%	554:557	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	4	30	theme	rumen	826:830	arg1	acids					847:851	rumen volatile fatty acids	826:851	rumen volatile fatty acids	826:851	Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured.
27072297	1	31	from	lactation	243:251	arg1	feed					215:218	feed	215:218	feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation	215:251	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	1	32	theme	yeast	268:272	arg1	product					274:280	an active yeast product	258:280	an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47)	258:296	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	1	32	theme	yeast	268:272	arg1	Sc					291:292	Actisaf Sc 47	283:295	Actisaf Sc 47	283:295	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	2	33	theme	commercial	521:530	arg1	triphosphate					540:551	commercial calcium triphosphate	521:551	commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%)	521:558	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	2	33	theme	commercial	521:530	arg1	%					557:557	0.2%	554:557	0.2%	554:557	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	4	34	theme	microbial	877:885	arg1	properties					887:896	microbial properties	877:896	microbial properties	877:896	Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured.
27072297	5	35	theme	significant	936:946	arg1	differences					948:958	no significant differences	933:958	no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation	933:1045	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	1	36	from	cows	331:334	arg1	design					371:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	6	37	theme	Bacteroidetes	1148:1160	arg1	P = 0.07					1191:1198	P = 0.07	1191:1198	P = 0.07	1191:1198	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	6	37	theme	Bacteroidetes	1148:1160	arg1	prominent					1180:1188	prominent	1180:1188	prominent	1180:1188	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	6	37	theme	Bacteroidetes	1148:1160	arg1	population					1134:1143	The population	1130:1143	The population of Bacteroidetes	1130:1160	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	5	38	theme	propionate	1063:1072	arg1	ratio					1074:1078	propionate ratio	1063:1078	propionate ratio	1063:1078	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	0	39	theme	rumen	112:116	arg1	fermentation					118:129	subsequent rumen fermentation	101:129	subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period	101:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	1	40	theme	3 × 3	352:356	arg1	design					371:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	5	41	theme	milking	975:981	arg1	performance					983:993	feeding and milking performance	963:993	feeding and milking performance	963:993	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	3	42	theme	collection	763:772	arg1	7 days					748:753	7 days	748:753	7 days of data collection	748:772	Yeast supplement was set at 0, 5 and 10 g per day over 21-day periods, each of which consisted of 14 days for adaptation followed by 7 days of data collection.
27072297	0	43	theme	dry	35:37	arg1	product					45:51	an active dry yeast product	25:51	an active dry yeast product	25:51	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	1	44	theme	Actisaf	283:289	arg1	product					274:280	an active yeast product	258:280	an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47)	258:296	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	1	44	theme	Actisaf	283:289	arg1	Sc					291:292	Actisaf Sc 47	283:295	Actisaf Sc 47	283:295	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	0	45	theme	lactating	134:142	arg1	cows					144:147	lactating cows	134:147	lactating cows	134:147	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	1	46	theme	Latin	358:362	arg1	design					371:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	0	47	theme	active	28:33	arg1	product					45:51	an active dry yeast product	25:51	an active dry yeast product	25:51	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	4	48	theme	volatile	832:839	arg1	acids					847:851	rumen volatile fatty acids	826:851	rumen volatile fatty acids	826:851	Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured.
27072297	2	49	theme	%	422:422	arg1	fiber					442:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	1	50	theme	square	364:369	arg1	design					371:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	339:376	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	3	51	theme	data	758:761	arg1	collection					763:772	data collection	758:772	data collection	758:772	Yeast supplement was set at 0, 5 and 10 g per day over 21-day periods, each of which consisted of 14 days for adaptation followed by 7 days of data collection.
27072297	4	52	theme	metabolite	803:812	arg1	parameters					814:823	plasma metabolite parameters	796:823	plasma metabolite parameters	796:823	Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured.
27072297	2	53	theme	33	420:421	arg1	%					422:422	%	422:422	%	422:422	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	5	54	theme	blood	998:1002	arg1	parameters					1004:1013	blood parameters	998:1013	blood parameters associated with supplementation	998:1045	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	5	55	from	differences	948:958	arg1	performance					983:993	feeding and milking performance	963:993	feeding and milking performance	963:993	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	5	55	from	differences	948:958	arg1	parameters					1004:1013	blood parameters	998:1013	blood parameters associated with supplementation	998:1045	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	6	56	dep	prominent	1180:1188	arg1	P = 0.07					1191:1198	P = 0.07	1191:1198	P = 0.07	1191:1198	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	6	56	dep	prominent	1180:1188	arg1	prominent					1180:1188	prominent	1180:1188	prominent	1180:1188	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	6	56	dep	prominent	1180:1188	arg1	population					1134:1143	The population	1130:1143	The population of Bacteroidetes	1130:1160	The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control.
27072297	1	57	from	feed	215:218	arg1	lactation					243:251	mid-to-late lactation	231:251	mid-to-late lactation	231:251	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	7	58	theme	live	1404:1407	arg1	yeast					1409:1413	live yeast	1404:1413	live yeast to cows	1404:1421	These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
27072297	1	59	theme	Holstein	322:329	arg1	cows					331:334	15 Holstein cows	319:334	15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design	319:376	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	0	60	theme	cows	144:147	arg1	fermentation					118:129	subsequent rumen fermentation	101:129	subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period	101:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	2	61	with	ration	408:413	arg1	fiber					442:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	33% neutral detergent fiber	420:446	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	0	62	theme	mid-to-late	156:166	arg1	period					178:183	the mid-to-late lactation period	152:183	the mid-to-late lactation period	152:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	5	63	from	acetate	1052:1058	arg1	fluid					1093:1097	the rumen fluid	1083:1097	the rumen fluid	1083:1097	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	1	64	from	cows	223:226	arg1	lactation					243:251	mid-to-late lactation	231:251	mid-to-late lactation	231:251	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	7	65	theme	microbial	1466:1474	arg1	composition					1476:1486	microbial composition	1466:1486	microbial composition	1466:1486	These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
27072297	1	66	theme	cows	223:226	arg1	feed					215:218	feed	215:218	feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation	215:251	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
27072297	0	67	theme	rumen	56:60	arg1	composition					82:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	rumen microbial community composition	56:92	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	7	68	from	characteristics	1505:1519	arg1	rumen					1528:1532	the rumen	1524:1532	the rumen	1524:1532	These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
27072297	0	69	from	fermentation	118:129	arg1	period					178:183	the mid-to-late lactation period	152:183	the mid-to-late lactation period	152:183	Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.
27072297	5	70	theme	rumen	1087:1091	arg1	fluid					1093:1097	the rumen fluid	1083:1097	the rumen fluid	1083:1097	Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08).
27072297	7	71	theme	mid-to-late	1426:1436	arg1	lactation					1438:1446	mid-to-late lactation	1426:1446	mid-to-late lactation	1426:1446	These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
27072297	2	72	theme	requirement	602:612	arg1	requirement					602:612	their energy requirement	589:612	their energy requirement	589:612	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	2	72	theme	requirement	602:612	arg1	%					584:584	105%	581:584	105% of their energy requirement	581:612	The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement.
27072297	1	73	theme	mid-to-late	231:241	arg1	lactation					243:251	mid-to-late lactation	231:251	mid-to-late lactation	231:251	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design.
25009102	12	0	theme	biodegradable	2182:2194	arg1	stents					2227:2232	biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2182:2232	biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2182:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	6	1	theme	vein	971:974	arg1	HUVECs					995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	6	1	theme	vein	971:974	arg1	cells					988:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	955:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	955:1001	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	12	2	theme	further	1905:1911	arg1	method					2008:2013	a promising method	1996:2013	a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	1996:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	2	theme	further	1905:1911	arg1	modification					1913:1924	further modification	1905:1924	further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy	1905:1991	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	3	3	from	coating	544:550	arg1	alloy					574:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	6	4	theme	human	955:959	arg1	HUVECs					995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	6	4	theme	human	955:959	arg1	cells					988:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	955:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	955:1001	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	8	5	theme	further	1226:1232	arg1	heparinization					1234:1247	further heparinization	1226:1247	further heparinization	1226:1247	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	8	6	theme	coating	1308:1314	arg1	resistance					1271:1280	the corrosion resistance	1257:1280	the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1257:1314	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	10	7	theme	cell	1643:1646	arg1	test					1648:1651	The in vitro cell test	1630:1651	The in vitro cell test	1630:1651	The in vitro cell test demonstrated that none of the composite coatings presented obvious cytotoxicity.
25009102	11	8	theme	surface	1755:1761	arg1	heparinization					1763:1776	surface heparinization	1755:1776	surface heparinization	1755:1776	Significantly, after surface heparinization, the composite coating became more suitable for HUVEC growth and simultaneously inhibited HUASMC growth.
25009102	6	9	theme	coatings	927:934	arg1	cytotoxicity					897:908	The in vitro cytotoxicity	884:908	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings	884:934	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	7	10	theme	composite	1128:1136	arg1	coatings					1138:1145	the composite coatings	1124:1145	the composite coatings	1124:1145	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	9	11	contain	had	1498:1500	arg1	modification					1403:1414	PDAM modification	1398:1414	PDAM modification	1398:1414	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	9	11	contain	had	1498:1500	arg2	influence					1509:1517	little influence	1502:1517	little influence	1502:1517	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	9	12	theme	low	1535:1537	arg1	ratio					1549:1553	a low hemolysis ratio	1533:1553	a low hemolysis ratio	1533:1553	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	8	13	theme	corrosion	1261:1269	arg1	resistance					1271:1280	the corrosion resistance	1257:1280	the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1257:1314	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	12	14	dep	method	2008:2013	arg1	obtain					2018:2023	obtain	2018:2023	to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation	2015:2074	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	14	dep	method	2008:2013	arg1	regulate					2083:2090	regulate	2083:2090	to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2080:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	3	15	theme	strong	600:605	arg1	adhesion					607:614	the strong adhesion	596:614	the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM)	596:653	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	8	16	theme	coating	1339:1345	arg1	protection					1321:1330	the protection	1317:1330	the protection of the coating for the substrate	1317:1363	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	10	17	theme	obvious	1712:1718	arg1	cytotoxicity					1720:1731	obvious cytotoxicity	1712:1731	obvious cytotoxicity	1712:1731	The in vitro cell test demonstrated that none of the composite coatings presented obvious cytotoxicity.
25009102	0	18	theme	cell	32:35	arg1	fate					37:40	selective cell fate	22:40	selective cell fate	22:40	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	7	19	theme	artery	1065:1070	arg1	HUASMCs					1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	19	theme	artery	1065:1070	arg1	cells					1086:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells	1049:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings	1049:1145	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	8	20	theme	PEO/PLLA	1289:1296	arg1	coating					1308:1314	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1285:1314	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1285:1314	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	10	21	theme	coatings	1693:1700	arg1	none					1671:1674	none	1671:1674	none of the composite coatings	1671:1700	The in vitro cell test demonstrated that none of the composite coatings presented obvious cytotoxicity.
25009102	3	22	theme	polydopamine	635:646	arg1	adhesion					607:614	the strong adhesion	596:614	the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM)	596:653	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	7	23	theme	human	1049:1053	arg1	HUASMCs					1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	23	theme	human	1049:1053	arg1	cells					1086:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells	1049:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings	1049:1145	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	9	24	theme	good	1573:1576	arg1	hemocompatibility					1586:1602	good surface hemocompatibility	1573:1602	good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating	1573:1627	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	10	25	dep	in	1634:1635	arg1	vitro					1637:1641	vitro	1637:1641	vitro	1637:1641	The in vitro cell test demonstrated that none of the composite coatings presented obvious cytotoxicity.
25009102	7	26	theme	HUVECs	1038:1043	arg1	proliferation					1021:1033	proliferation	1021:1033	proliferation	1021:1033	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	26	theme	HUVECs	1038:1043	arg1	adhesion					1008:1015	adhesion	1008:1015	adhesion	1008:1015	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	4	27	theme	body	733:736	arg1	fluid					738:742	simulated body fluid	723:742	simulated body fluid	723:742	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates was evaluated in simulated body fluid.
25009102	0	28	theme	PEO/PLLA	79:86	arg1	coating					98:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	5	29	theme	coatings	874:881	arg1	hemocompatibility					839:855	the hemocompatibility	835:855	the hemocompatibility of the composite coatings	835:881	In particular, the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests were conducted to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the composite coatings.
25009102	7	30	theme	cells	1086:1090	arg1	proliferation					1021:1033	proliferation	1021:1033	proliferation	1021:1033	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	30	theme	cells	1086:1090	arg1	adhesion					1008:1015	adhesion	1008:1015	adhesion	1008:1015	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	0	31	theme	coating	98:104	arg1	Hemocompatibility					0:16	Hemocompatibility	0:16	Hemocompatibility	0:16	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	0	31	theme	coating	98:104	arg1	fate					37:40	selective cell fate	22:40	selective cell fate	22:40	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	3	32	from	heparinization	451:464	arg1	alloy					574:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	12	33	theme	surface	2030:2036	arg1	hemocompatibility					2038:2054	good surface hemocompatibility	2025:2054	good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation	2025:2074	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	1	34	theme	much	189:192	arg1	attention					194:202	much attention	189:202	much attention	189:202	Biodegradable magnesium and its alloys have attracted much attention, as they have been used as cardiovascular stents recently because of their biodegradation after implantation.
25009102	0	35	from	Hemocompatibility	0:16	arg1	alloy					128:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	0	36	theme	biodegradable	109:121	arg1	alloy					128:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	3	37	theme	electrolytic	480:491	arg1	coating					544:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating	469:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	5	38	theme	platelet	784:791	arg1	tests					802:806	the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests	760:806	tests	802:806	In particular, the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests were conducted to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the composite coatings.
25009102	0	39	from	fate	37:40	arg1	alloy					128:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	0	40	theme	composite	88:96	arg1	coating					98:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	3	41	theme	acid	517:520	arg1	coating					544:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating	469:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	0	42	theme	selective	22:30	arg1	fate					37:40	selective cell fate	22:40	selective cell fate	22:40	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	6	43	theme	composite	917:925	arg1	coatings					927:934	the composite coatings	913:934	the composite coatings	913:934	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	12	44	theme	cardiovascular	2212:2225	arg1	stents					2227:2232	biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2182:2232	biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2182:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	6	45	dep	in	888:889	arg1	vitro					891:895	vitro	891:895	vitro	891:895	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	9	46	theme	further	1420:1426	arg1	heparinization					1428:1441	further heparinization	1420:1441	further heparinization	1420:1441	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	0	47	theme	polydopamine-assisted	45:65	arg1	coating					98:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	12	48	theme	coating	1952:1958	arg1	method					2008:2013	a promising method	1996:2013	a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	1996:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	48	theme	coating	1952:1958	arg1	modification					1913:1924	further modification	1905:1924	further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy	1905:1991	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	49	theme	composite	1942:1950	arg1	coating					1952:1958	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1929:1958	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1929:1958	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	1	50	theme	cardiovascular	231:244	arg1	they					208:211	they	208:211	they	208:211	Biodegradable magnesium and its alloys have attracted much attention, as they have been used as cardiovascular stents recently because of their biodegradation after implantation.
25009102	1	50	theme	cardiovascular	231:244	arg1	stents					246:251	cardiovascular stents	231:251	cardiovascular stents	231:251	Biodegradable magnesium and its alloys have attracted much attention, as they have been used as cardiovascular stents recently because of their biodegradation after implantation.
25009102	12	51	theme	biodegradable	1963:1975	arg1	alloy					1987:1991	biodegradable magnesium alloy	1963:1991	biodegradable magnesium alloy	1963:1991	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	52	theme	magnesium-based	2196:2210	arg1	stents					2227:2232	biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2182:2232	biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2182:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	3	53	theme	biodegradable	555:567	arg1	alloy					574:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	4	54	theme	substrates	695:704	arg1	resistance					670:679	The corrosion resistance	656:679	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates	656:704	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates was evaluated in simulated body fluid.
25009102	12	55	theme	corrosion	2158:2166	arg1	resistance					2168:2177	the corrosion resistance	2154:2177	the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2154:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	6	56	theme	endothelial	976:986	arg1	HUVECs					995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	6	56	theme	endothelial	976:986	arg1	cells					988:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	955:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	955:1001	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	3	57	theme	coating	544:550	arg1	heparinization					451:464	heparinization	451:464	heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	451:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	6	58	theme	umbilical	961:969	arg1	HUVECs					995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	HUVECs	995:1000	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	6	58	theme	umbilical	961:969	arg1	cells					988:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells	955:992	human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	955:1001	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	9	59	theme	little	1502:1507	arg1	influence					1509:1517	little influence	1502:1517	little influence	1502:1517	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	8	60	theme	PDAM	1204:1207	arg1	modification					1209:1220	PDAM modification	1204:1220	PDAM modification	1204:1220	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	8	61	theme	composite	1298:1306	arg1	coating					1308:1314	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1285:1314	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1285:1314	The results showed that although PDAM modification and further heparinization reduced the corrosion resistance of the PEO/PLLA composite coating, the protection of the coating for the substrate was mainly maintained.
25009102	10	62	theme	composite	1683:1691	arg1	coatings					1693:1700	the composite coatings	1679:1700	the composite coatings	1679:1700	The in vitro cell test demonstrated that none of the composite coatings presented obvious cytotoxicity.
25009102	12	63	theme	cell	2096:2099	arg1	fate					2101:2104	the cell fate	2092:2104	the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization	2092:2135	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	2	64	theme	corrosion	329:337	arg1	resistance					339:348	their corrosion resistance	323:348	their corrosion resistance	323:348	However, their corrosion resistance, hemocompatibility and surface biocompatibility are needed for practical applications.
25009102	9	65	theme	hemolysis	1539:1547	arg1	ratio					1549:1553	a low hemolysis ratio	1533:1553	a low hemolysis ratio	1533:1553	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	9	66	theme	coating	1621:1627	arg1	hemocompatibility					1586:1602	good surface hemocompatibility	1573:1602	good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating	1573:1627	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	2	67	theme	surface	373:379	arg1	biocompatibility					381:396	surface biocompatibility	373:396	surface biocompatibility	373:396	However, their corrosion resistance, hemocompatibility and surface biocompatibility are needed for practical applications.
25009102	1	68	used	used	223:226	arg2	they					208:211	they	208:211	they	208:211	Biodegradable magnesium and its alloys have attracted much attention, as they have been used as cardiovascular stents recently because of their biodegradation after implantation.
25009102	1	68	used	used	223:226	arg2	stents					246:251	cardiovascular stents	231:251	cardiovascular stents	231:251	Biodegradable magnesium and its alloys have attracted much attention, as they have been used as cardiovascular stents recently because of their biodegradation after implantation.
25009102	5	69	theme	hemolysis	764:772	arg1	ratio					774:778	the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests	760:806	ratio	774:778	In particular, the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests were conducted to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the composite coatings.
25009102	3	70	theme	mussel-inspired	619:633	arg1	PDAM					649:652	PDAM	649:652	PDAM	649:652	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	3	70	theme	mussel-inspired	619:633	arg1	polydopamine					635:646	mussel-inspired polydopamine	619:646	mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM)	619:653	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	7	71	theme	smooth	1072:1077	arg1	HUASMCs					1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	71	theme	smooth	1072:1077	arg1	cells					1086:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells	1049:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings	1049:1145	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	1	72	theme	Biodegradable	135:147	arg1	magnesium					149:157	Biodegradable magnesium	135:157	Biodegradable magnesium	135:157	Biodegradable magnesium and its alloys have attracted much attention, as they have been used as cardiovascular stents recently because of their biodegradation after implantation.
25009102	7	73	theme	muscle	1079:1084	arg1	HUASMCs					1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	73	theme	muscle	1079:1084	arg1	cells					1086:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells	1049:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings	1049:1145	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	74	theme	umbilical	1055:1063	arg1	HUASMCs					1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	HUASMCs	1093:1099	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	7	74	theme	umbilical	1055:1063	arg1	cells					1086:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells	1049:1090	human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings	1049:1145	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	9	75	theme	surface	1578:1584	arg1	hemocompatibility					1586:1602	good surface hemocompatibility	1573:1602	good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating	1573:1627	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	7	76	dep	adhesion	1008:1015	arg1	The					1004:1006	The	1004:1006	The	1004:1006	The adhesion and proliferation of HUVECs and human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) directly incubated on the composite coatings were also investigated.
25009102	11	77	theme	HUASMC	1868:1873	arg1	growth					1875:1880	HUASMC growth	1868:1880	HUASMC growth	1868:1880	Significantly, after surface heparinization, the composite coating became more suitable for HUVEC growth and simultaneously inhibited HUASMC growth.
25009102	5	78	theme	adhesion	793:800	arg1	tests					802:806	the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests	760:806	tests	802:806	In particular, the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests were conducted to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the composite coatings.
25009102	4	79	theme	simulated	723:731	arg1	fluid					738:742	simulated body fluid	723:742	simulated body fluid	723:742	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates was evaluated in simulated body fluid.
25009102	3	80	from	alloy	574:578	arg1	heparinization					451:464	heparinization	451:464	heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	451:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	9	81	theme	composite	1611:1619	arg1	coating					1621:1627	the composite coating	1607:1627	the composite coating	1607:1627	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	12	82	theme	stents	2227:2232	arg1	resistance					2168:2177	the corrosion resistance	2154:2177	the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	2154:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	0	83	theme	AZ31	123:126	arg1	alloy					128:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	109:132	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	3	84	theme	oxidation/poly	493:506	arg1	coating					544:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating	469:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	12	85	theme	good	2025:2028	arg1	hemocompatibility					2038:2054	good surface hemocompatibility	2025:2054	good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation	2025:2074	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	3	86	theme	plasma	473:478	arg1	coating					544:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating	469:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	5	87	theme	composite	864:872	arg1	coatings					874:881	the composite coatings	860:881	the composite coatings	860:881	In particular, the hemolysis ratio and platelet adhesion tests were conducted to evaluate the hemocompatibility of the composite coatings.
25009102	9	88	theme	PDAM	1398:1401	arg1	modification					1403:1414	PDAM modification	1398:1414	PDAM modification	1398:1414	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
25009102	2	89	theme	practical	413:421	arg1	applications					423:434	practical applications	413:434	practical applications	413:434	However, their corrosion resistance, hemocompatibility and surface biocompatibility are needed for practical applications.
25009102	12	90	theme	fast	2110:2113	arg1	re-endothelialization					2115:2135	fast re-endothelialization	2110:2135	fast re-endothelialization	2110:2135	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	91	theme	promising	1998:2006	arg1	method					2008:2013	a promising method	1996:2013	a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents	1996:2232	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	12	91	theme	promising	1998:2006	arg1	modification					1913:1924	further modification	1905:1924	further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy	1905:1991	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	4	92	theme	coated	688:693	arg1	substrates					695:704	the coated substrates	684:704	the coated substrates	684:704	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates was evaluated in simulated body fluid.
25009102	11	93	theme	composite	1783:1791	arg1	coating					1793:1799	the composite coating	1779:1799	the composite coating	1779:1799	Significantly, after surface heparinization, the composite coating became more suitable for HUVEC growth and simultaneously inhibited HUASMC growth.
25009102	3	94	theme	l-lactic	508:515	arg1	acid					517:520	l-lactic acid	508:520	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	0	95	theme	heparinized	67:77	arg1	coating					98:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating	45:104	Hemocompatibility and selective cell fate of polydopamine-assisted heparinized PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy.
25009102	11	96	theme	HUVEC	1826:1830	arg1	growth					1832:1837	HUVEC growth	1826:1837	HUVEC growth	1826:1837	Significantly, after surface heparinization, the composite coating became more suitable for HUVEC growth and simultaneously inhibited HUASMC growth.
25009102	3	97	theme	composite	534:542	arg1	coating					544:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating	469:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	12	98	theme	magnesium	1977:1985	arg1	alloy					1987:1991	biodegradable magnesium alloy	1963:1991	biodegradable magnesium alloy	1963:1991	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	6	99	theme	in	888:889	arg1	cytotoxicity					897:908	The in vitro cytotoxicity	884:908	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings	884:934	The in vitro cytotoxicity of the composite coatings was evaluated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
25009102	12	100	theme	PEO/PLLA	1933:1940	arg1	coating					1952:1958	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1929:1958	the PEO/PLLA composite coating	1929:1958	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	3	101	theme	PEO/PLLA	524:531	arg1	coating					544:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating	469:550	the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy	469:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	12	102	from	modification	1913:1924	arg1	alloy					1987:1991	biodegradable magnesium alloy	1963:1991	biodegradable magnesium alloy	1963:1991	The results show that further modification of the PEO/PLLA composite coating on biodegradable magnesium alloy is a promising method to obtain good surface hemocompatibility for anticoagulation and to regulate the cell fate for fast re-endothelialization while sustaining the corrosion resistance of biodegradable magnesium-based cardiovascular stents.
25009102	4	103	theme	corrosion	660:668	arg1	resistance					670:679	The corrosion resistance	656:679	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates	656:704	The corrosion resistance of the coated substrates was evaluated in simulated body fluid.
25009102	10	104	theme	in	1634:1635	arg1	test					1648:1651	The in vitro cell test	1630:1651	The in vitro cell test	1630:1651	The in vitro cell test demonstrated that none of the composite coatings presented obvious cytotoxicity.
25009102	3	105	theme	AZ31	569:572	arg1	alloy					574:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	biodegradable AZ31 alloy	555:578	In this work, heparinization of the plasma electrolytic oxidation/poly(l-lactic acid) (PEO/PLLA) composite coating on biodegradable AZ31 alloy was achieved by the strong adhesion of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDAM).
25009102	9	106	theme	platelets	1484:1492	arg1	adhesion					1472:1479	the adhesion	1468:1479	the adhesion of platelets	1468:1492	Moreover, PDAM modification and further heparinization significantly suppressed the adhesion of platelets and had little influence on sustaining a low hemolysis ratio thus resulting in good surface hemocompatibility of the composite coating.
26993528	7	0	from	biosorbent	966:975	arg1	future					984:989	future	984:989	future	984:989	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	6	1	theme	composite	798:806	arg1	spheres					808:814	CS/CuO composite spheres	791:814	CS/CuO composite spheres	791:814	CS/CuO composite spheres also displayed significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.
26993528	1	2	theme	CuO	150:152	arg1	nanomaterials					154:166	CuO nanomaterials	150:166	CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	150:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	3	3	from	water	493:497	arg1	adsorbent					478:486	adsorbent	478:486	adsorbent	478:486	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	6	4	theme	CS/CuO	791:796	arg1	spheres					808:814	CS/CuO composite spheres	791:814	CS/CuO composite spheres	791:814	CS/CuO composite spheres also displayed significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.
26993528	4	5	theme	methyl	669:674	arg1	MO					684:685	MO	684:685	MO	684:685	Composite spheres were found to be the best adsorbent when applied to remove indigo carmine (IC), congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) from water.
26993528	4	5	theme	methyl	669:674	arg1	orange					676:681	methyl orange	669:681	methyl orange (MO)	669:686	Composite spheres were found to be the best adsorbent when applied to remove indigo carmine (IC), congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) from water.
26993528	2	6	theme	spheres	274:280	arg1	characterizations					236:252	The characterizations	232:252	The characterizations of all the prepared spheres	232:280	The characterizations of all the prepared spheres were carried out by FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, and FTIR analyses while the thermal properties were analyzed by TGA.
26993528	1	7	from	mixing	140:145	arg1	solution					174:181	CS solution	171:181	CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	171:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	1	8	theme	Chitosan/copper	67:81	arg1	CS/CuO					90:95	CS/CuO	90:95	CS/CuO	90:95	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	1	8	theme	Chitosan/copper	67:81	arg1	oxide					83:87	Chitosan/copper oxide	67:87	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres	67:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	1	9	theme	nanomaterials	154:166	arg1	mixing					140:145	simple mixing	133:145	simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	133:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	1	10	theme	oxide	83:87	arg1	spheres					108:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres	67:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres	67:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	6	11	theme	significant	831:841	arg1	activity					857:864	significant antibacterial activity	831:864	significant antibacterial activity	831:864	CS/CuO composite spheres also displayed significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.
26993528	3	12	theme	adsorbent	478:486	arg1	ability					405:411	Further the ability	393:411	Further the ability of composite spheres	393:432	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	3	12	theme	adsorbent	478:486	arg1	pollutant					468:476	an easily removable pollutant	448:476	an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes	448:523	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	1	13	theme	CS	171:172	arg1	solution					174:181	CS solution	171:181	CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	171:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	6	14	dep	Pseudomonas	880:890	arg1	aeruginosa					892:901	aeruginosa	892:901	aeruginosa	892:901	CS/CuO composite spheres also displayed significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.
26993528	2	15	theme	FTIR	328:331	arg1	analyses					333:340	FTIR analyses	328:340	FTIR analyses	328:340	The characterizations of all the prepared spheres were carried out by FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, and FTIR analyses while the thermal properties were analyzed by TGA.
26993528	6	16	theme	Pseudomonas	880:890	arg1	growth					903:908	Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth	880:908	Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth	880:908	CS/CuO composite spheres also displayed significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.
26993528	3	17	theme	different	510:518	arg1	dyes					520:523	different dyes	510:523	different dyes	510:523	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	0	18	theme	chitosan	13:20	arg1	spheres					22:28	chitosan spheres	13:28	chitosan spheres	13:28	CuO embedded chitosan spheres as antibacterial adsorbent for dyes.
26993528	2	19	theme	prepared	265:272	arg1	spheres					274:280	all the prepared spheres	257:280	all the prepared spheres	257:280	The characterizations of all the prepared spheres were carried out by FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, and FTIR analyses while the thermal properties were analyzed by TGA.
26993528	1	20	theme	composite	98:106	arg1	spheres					108:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres	67:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres	67:114	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	1	21	theme	simple	133:138	arg1	mixing					140:145	simple mixing	133:145	simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	133:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	7	22	used	used	956:959	arg2	spheres					941:947	the fabricated composite spheres	916:947	the fabricated composite spheres	916:947	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	7	22	used	used	956:959	arg2	biosorbent					966:975	a biosorbent	964:975	a biosorbent in the future	964:989	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	5	23	theme	CS/CuO	724:729	arg1	spheres					741:747	CS/CuO composite spheres	724:747	CS/CuO composite spheres	724:747	Amongst the three dyes, CS/CuO composite spheres were more selective toward MO adsorption.
26993528	1	24	theme	dropwise	195:202	arg1	addition					204:211	dropwise addition	195:211	dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	195:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	4	25	theme	indigo	629:634	arg1	carmine					636:642	indigo carmine	629:642	indigo carmine (IC)	629:647	Composite spheres were found to be the best adsorbent when applied to remove indigo carmine (IC), congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) from water.
26993528	4	25	theme	indigo	629:634	arg1	IC					645:646	IC	645:646	IC	645:646	Composite spheres were found to be the best adsorbent when applied to remove indigo carmine (IC), congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) from water.
26993528	2	26	theme	thermal	352:358	arg1	properties					360:369	the thermal properties	348:369	the thermal properties	348:369	The characterizations of all the prepared spheres were carried out by FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, and FTIR analyses while the thermal properties were analyzed by TGA.
26993528	6	27	theme	antibacterial	843:855	arg1	activity					857:864	significant antibacterial activity	831:864	significant antibacterial activity	831:864	CS/CuO composite spheres also displayed significant antibacterial activity by inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth.
26993528	3	28	theme	composite	416:424	arg1	spheres					426:432	composite spheres	416:432	composite spheres	416:432	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	4	29	theme	Composite	552:560	arg1	spheres					562:568	Composite spheres	552:568	Composite spheres	552:568	Composite spheres were found to be the best adsorbent when applied to remove indigo carmine (IC), congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) from water.
26993528	4	29	theme	Composite	552:560	arg1	adsorbent					596:604	adsorbent	596:604	adsorbent	596:604	Composite spheres were found to be the best adsorbent when applied to remove indigo carmine (IC), congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO) from water.
26993528	3	30	contain	containing	499:508	arg1	water					493:497	water	493:497	water containing different dyes	493:523	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	3	30	contain	containing	499:508	arg2	dyes					520:523	different dyes	510:523	different dyes	510:523	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	3	31	theme	pure	543:546	arg1	CS					548:549	pure CS	543:549	pure CS	543:549	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	7	32	theme	fabricated	920:929	arg1	spheres					941:947	the fabricated composite spheres	916:947	the fabricated composite spheres	916:947	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	7	32	theme	fabricated	920:929	arg1	biosorbent					966:975	a biosorbent	964:975	a biosorbent in the future	964:989	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	7	33	theme	composite	931:939	arg1	spheres					941:947	the fabricated composite spheres	916:947	the fabricated composite spheres	916:947	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	7	33	theme	composite	931:939	arg1	biosorbent					966:975	a biosorbent	964:975	a biosorbent in the future	964:989	Thus the fabricated composite spheres can be used as a biosorbent in the future.
26993528	3	34	theme	spheres	426:432	arg1	ability					405:411	Further the ability	393:411	Further the ability of composite spheres	393:432	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	3	34	theme	spheres	426:432	arg1	pollutant					468:476	an easily removable pollutant	448:476	an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes	448:523	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	1	35	theme	NH4OH	216:220	arg1	solution					222:229	NH4OH solution	216:229	NH4OH solution	216:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	5	36	theme	composite	731:739	arg1	spheres					741:747	CS/CuO composite spheres	724:747	CS/CuO composite spheres	724:747	Amongst the three dyes, CS/CuO composite spheres were more selective toward MO adsorption.
26993528	1	37	from	solution	174:181	arg1	mixing					140:145	simple mixing	133:145	simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	133:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	3	38	theme	removable	458:466	arg1	ability					405:411	Further the ability	393:411	Further the ability of composite spheres	393:432	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	3	38	theme	removable	458:466	arg1	pollutant					468:476	an easily removable pollutant	448:476	an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes	448:523	Further the ability of composite spheres was tested as an easily removable pollutant adsorbent from water containing different dyes and compared with pure CS.
26993528	1	39	from	nanomaterials	154:166	arg1	solution					174:181	CS solution	171:181	CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution	171:229	Chitosan/copper oxide (CS/CuO) composite spheres were prepared by simple mixing of CuO nanomaterials in CS solution followed by dropwise addition to NH4OH solution.
26993528	5	40	theme	MO	776:777	arg1	adsorption					779:788	MO adsorption	776:788	MO adsorption	776:788	Amongst the three dyes, CS/CuO composite spheres were more selective toward MO adsorption.
28952479	8	0	theme	recombinant	1255:1265	arg1	glycoprotein					1267:1278	the recombinant glycoprotein	1251:1278	the recombinant glycoprotein	1251:1278	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	6	1	theme	cell	982:985	arg1	surface					987:993	cell surface	982:993	cell surface	982:993	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	5	2	contain	had	723:725	arg1	Concentrations					692:705	Concentrations	692:705	Concentrations of up to 500 µM	692:721	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	2	contain	had	723:725	arg2	effects					742:748	no substantial effects	727:748	no substantial effects	727:748	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	3	theme	substantial	730:740	arg1	effects					742:748	no substantial effects	727:748	no substantial effects	727:748	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	8	4	dep	µM	1367:1368	arg1	70					1364:1365	70	1364:1365	70	1364:1365	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	6	5	theme	hamster	890:896	arg1	line					915:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line	868:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis	868:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	2	6	theme	biosynthetic	357:368	arg1	pathways					370:377	biosynthetic pathways	357:377	biosynthetic pathways	357:377	Metabolic glycoengineering describes the strategy where exogenously supplied sugar analogues intercept biosynthetic pathways and are incorporated into glycoconjugates.
28952479	1	7	gly	glycoprotein	232:243	arg1	glycoprotein					232:243	glycoprotein quality	232:251	glycoprotein quality	232:251	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	6	8	theme	engineered	871:880	arg1	line					915:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line	868:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis	868:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	9	9	theme	salvage	1554:1560	arg1	pathway					1562:1568	the salvage pathway	1550:1568	the salvage pathway	1550:1568	Our results provide further insights to modulate fucosylation by exploiting the salvage pathway via metabolic glycoengineering.
28952479	8	10	theme	increasing	1312:1321	arg1	concentrations					1323:1336	increasing concentrations	1312:1336	increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM	1312:1368	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	5	11	theme	embryonic	812:820	arg1	HEK					830:832	HEK	830:832	HEK	830:832	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	11	theme	embryonic	812:820	arg1	kidney					822:827	human embryonic kidney	806:827	human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells	806:844	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	8	12	theme	fucose	1351:1356	arg1	concentrations					1323:1336	increasing concentrations	1312:1336	increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM	1312:1368	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	6	13	theme	antibody	1011:1018	arg1	fucosylation					1020:1031	recombinant antibody fucosylation	999:1031	recombinant antibody fucosylation	999:1031	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	5	14	theme	recombinant	767:777	arg1	production					792:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	1	15	theme	selected	134:141	arg1	proteins					143:150	selected proteins	134:150	selected proteins	134:150	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	8	16	theme	binding	1408:1414	arg1	activity					1416:1423	a reduced antibody's binding activity	1387:1423	a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1387:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	7	17	theme	fucose	1122:1127	arg1	incorporation					1129:1141	Significant fucose incorporation	1110:1141	Significant fucose incorporation	1110:1141	Significant fucose incorporation was achieved for tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses already at 20 µM.
28952479	2	18	theme	supplied	322:329	arg1	analogues					337:345	exogenously supplied sugar analogues	310:345	exogenously supplied sugar analogues	310:345	Metabolic glycoengineering describes the strategy where exogenously supplied sugar analogues intercept biosynthetic pathways and are incorporated into glycoconjugates.
28952479	3	19	theme	Low	422:424	arg1	permeability					435:446	Low membrane permeability	422:446	Low membrane permeability	422:446	Low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated monosaccharides.
28952479	5	20	theme	cells	840:844	arg1	viability					753:761	viability	753:761	viability	753:761	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	20	theme	cells	840:844	arg1	production					792:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	21	theme	glycoprotein	779:790	arg1	production					792:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	22	gly	glycoprotein	779:790	arg1	glycoprotein					779:790	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	recombinant glycoprotein production	767:801	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	6	23	theme	mass	1063:1066	arg1	spectrometry					1068:1079	mass spectrometry	1063:1079	mass spectrometry	1063:1079	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	8	24	theme	IIIa	1443:1446	arg1	assay					1467:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	1	25	gly	glycosylation	96:108	arg1	proteins					143:150	selected proteins	134:150	selected proteins	134:150	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	8	26	theme	FcγRIIIa	1449:1456	arg1	assay					1467:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	1	27	theme	surface	88:94	arg1	glycosylation					96:108	cell surface glycosylation	83:108	cell surface glycosylation	83:108	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	8	28	theme	binding	1459:1465	arg1	assay					1467:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	8	29	dep	70	1364:1365	arg1	to					1361:1362	to	1361:1362	to	1361:1362	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	0	30	theme	Fucose	18:23	arg1	Analogues					25:33	Acylated Fucose Analogues	9:33	Acylated Fucose Analogues	9:33	Applying Acylated Fucose Analogues to Metabolic Glycoengineering.
28952479	6	31	theme	de	940:941	arg1	synthesis					948:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	1	32	theme	decoration	120:129	arg1	Manipulations					66:78	Manipulations	66:78	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins	66:150	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	6	33	theme	blocked	925:931	arg1	synthesis					948:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	3	34	theme	acylated	555:562	arg1	monosaccharides					564:578	acylated monosaccharides	555:578	acylated monosaccharides	555:578	Low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated monosaccharides.
28952479	7	35	theme	-propanoylated	1183:1196	arg1	fucoses					1198:1204	tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses	1160:1204	tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses	1160:1204	Significant fucose incorporation was achieved for tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses already at 20 µM.
28952479	6	36	theme	ovary	898:902	arg1	line					915:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line	868:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis	868:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	8	37	theme	glycoprotein	1267:1278	arg1	fucosylation					1235:1246	Sequential fucosylation	1224:1246	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM,	1224:1369	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	8	38	theme	Fcγ	1430:1432	arg1	assay					1467:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	4	39	theme	ylated	676:681	arg1	fucoses					683:689	tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses	611:689	tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses	611:689	In this work, we investigated tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses.
28952479	6	40	theme	Chinese	882:888	arg1	line					915:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line	868:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis	868:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	1	41	theme	structure-activity	189:206	arg1	relations					208:216	structure-activity relations	189:216	structure-activity relations	189:216	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	6	42	dep	de	940:941	arg1	novo					943:946	novo	943:946	novo	943:946	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	5	43	theme	µM	720:721	arg1	Concentrations					692:705	Concentrations	692:705	Concentrations of up to 500 µM	692:721	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	6	44	theme	lectin	1046:1051	arg1	blotting					1053:1060	lectin blotting	1046:1060	lectin blotting	1046:1060	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	7	45	theme	tetra-O-acetylated	1160:1177	arg1	fucoses					1198:1204	tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses	1160:1204	tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses	1160:1204	Significant fucose incorporation was achieved for tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses already at 20 µM.
28952479	1	46	theme	glycoprotein	232:243	arg1	quality					245:251	glycoprotein quality	232:251	glycoprotein quality	232:251	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	5	47	theme	human	806:810	arg1	HEK					830:832	HEK	830:832	HEK	830:832	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	5	47	theme	human	806:810	arg1	kidney					822:827	human embryonic kidney	806:827	human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells	806:844	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	9	48	theme	metabolic	1574:1582	arg1	glycoengineering					1584:1599	metabolic glycoengineering	1574:1599	metabolic glycoengineering	1574:1599	Our results provide further insights to modulate fucosylation by exploiting the salvage pathway via metabolic glycoengineering.
28952479	8	49	theme	concentrations	1323:1336	arg1	application					1297:1307	the application	1293:1307	the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM	1293:1368	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	8	50	theme	PEGylated	1341:1349	arg1	fucose					1351:1356	PEGylated fucose	1341:1356	PEGylated fucose	1341:1356	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	6	51	theme	recombinant	999:1009	arg1	fucosylation					1020:1031	recombinant antibody fucosylation	999:1031	recombinant antibody fucosylation	999:1031	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	8	52	theme	reduced	1389:1395	arg1	activity					1416:1423	a reduced antibody's binding activity	1387:1423	a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1387:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	7	53	theme	Significant	1110:1120	arg1	incorporation					1129:1141	Significant fucose incorporation	1110:1141	Significant fucose incorporation	1110:1141	Significant fucose incorporation was achieved for tetra-O-acetylated and -propanoylated fucoses already at 20 µM.
28952479	2	54	theme	sugar	331:335	arg1	analogues					337:345	exogenously supplied sugar analogues	310:345	exogenously supplied sugar analogues	310:345	Metabolic glycoengineering describes the strategy where exogenously supplied sugar analogues intercept biosynthetic pathways and are incorporated into glycoconjugates.
28952479	1	55	theme	proteins	143:150	arg1	glycosylation					96:108	cell surface glycosylation	83:108	cell surface glycosylation	83:108	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	1	55	theme	proteins	143:150	arg1	decoration					120:129	glycan decoration	113:129	glycan decoration	113:129	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	5	56	theme	-293T	834:838	arg1	cells					840:844	human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells	806:844	human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells	806:844	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	1	57	theme	immense	157:163	arg1	potential					165:173	immense potential	157:173	immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality	157:251	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	6	58	theme	monosaccharide	1085:1098	arg1	analysis					1100:1107	monosaccharide analysis	1085:1107	monosaccharide analysis	1085:1107	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	3	59	theme	membrane	426:433	arg1	permeability					435:446	Low membrane permeability	422:446	Low membrane permeability	422:446	Low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated monosaccharides.
28952479	5	60	theme	kidney	822:827	arg1	cells					840:844	human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells	806:844	human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells	806:844	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	8	61	theme	receptor	1434:1441	arg1	assay					1467:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	1	62	theme	cell	83:86	arg1	glycosylation					96:108	cell surface glycosylation	83:108	cell surface glycosylation	83:108	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	0	63	theme	Acylated	9:16	arg1	Analogues					25:33	Acylated Fucose Analogues	9:33	Acylated Fucose Analogues	9:33	Applying Acylated Fucose Analogues to Metabolic Glycoengineering.
28952479	1	64	theme	glycosylation	96:108	arg1	Manipulations					66:78	Manipulations	66:78	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins	66:150	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	3	65	theme	large-scale	474:484	arg1	adaption					486:493	the large-scale adaption	470:493	the large-scale adaption of this technology	470:512	Low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated monosaccharides.
28952479	4	66	theme	-polyethylene	650:662	arg1	PEG					672:674	PEG	672:674	PEG	672:674	In this work, we investigated tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses.
28952479	4	66	theme	-polyethylene	650:662	arg1	glycol					664:669	-polyethylene glycol	650:669	-polyethylene glycol (PEG)	650:675	In this work, we investigated tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses.
28952479	8	67	from	activity	1416:1423	arg1	assay					1467:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay	1428:1471	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	1	68	theme	glycan	113:118	arg1	decoration					120:129	glycan decoration	113:129	glycan decoration	113:129	Manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality.
28952479	0	69	theme	Metabolic	38:46	arg1	Glycoengineering					48:63	Metabolic Glycoengineering	38:63	Metabolic Glycoengineering	38:63	Applying Acylated Fucose Analogues to Metabolic Glycoengineering.
28952479	6	70	theme	fucose	933:938	arg1	synthesis					948:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	6	71	with	line	915:918	arg1	synthesis					948:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	blocked fucose de novo synthesis	925:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	3	72	theme	technology	503:512	arg1	adaption					486:493	the large-scale adaption	470:493	the large-scale adaption of this technology	470:512	Low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated monosaccharides.
28952479	4	73	theme	tetra-O-acetylated	611:628	arg1	fucoses					683:689	tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses	611:689	tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses	611:689	In this work, we investigated tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses.
28952479	8	74	dep	concentrations	1323:1336	arg1	µM					1367:1368	µM	1367:1368	µM	1367:1368	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	8	75	gly	fucosylation	1235:1246	arg1	glycoprotein					1267:1278	the recombinant glycoprotein	1251:1278	the recombinant glycoprotein	1251:1278	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	5	76	dep	500	716:718	arg1	to					713:714	to	713:714	to	713:714	Concentrations of up to 500 µM had no substantial effects on viability and recombinant glycoprotein production of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells.
28952479	4	77	theme	-propanoylated	631:644	arg1	fucoses					683:689	tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses	611:689	tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses	611:689	In this work, we investigated tetra-O-acetylated, -propanoylated and -polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated fucoses.
28952479	2	78	theme	Metabolic	254:262	arg1	glycoengineering					264:279	Metabolic glycoengineering	254:279	Metabolic glycoengineering	254:279	Metabolic glycoengineering describes the strategy where exogenously supplied sugar analogues intercept biosynthetic pathways and are incorporated into glycoconjugates.
28952479	8	79	theme	Sequential	1224:1233	arg1	fucosylation					1235:1246	Sequential fucosylation	1224:1246	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM,	1224:1369	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	6	80	theme	cell	910:913	arg1	line					915:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line	868:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis	868:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	8	81	gly	glycoprotein	1267:1278	arg1	glycoprotein					1267:1278	the recombinant glycoprotein	1251:1278	the recombinant glycoprotein	1251:1278	Sequential fucosylation of the recombinant glycoprotein, achieved by the application of increasing concentrations of PEGylated fucose up to 70 µM, correlated with a reduced antibody's binding activity in a Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) binding assay.
28952479	3	82	theme	monosaccharides	564:578	arg1	introduction					539:550	the introduction	535:550	the introduction of acylated monosaccharides	535:578	Low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated monosaccharides.
28952479	6	83	theme	CHO	905:907	arg1	line					915:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line	868:918	an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis	868:956	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	6	84	from	increase	970:977	arg1	fucosylation					1020:1031	recombinant antibody fucosylation	999:1031	recombinant antibody fucosylation	999:1031	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	6	84	from	increase	970:977	arg1	surface					987:993	cell surface	982:993	cell surface	982:993	Analogues applied to an engineered Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with blocked fucose de novo synthesis revealed an increase in cell surface and recombinant antibody fucosylation as proved by lectin blotting, mass spectrometry and monosaccharide analysis.
28952479	9	85	theme	further	1494:1500	arg1	insights					1502:1509	further insights	1494:1509	further insights to modulate fucosylation by exploiting the salvage pathway via metabolic glycoengineering	1494:1599	Our results provide further insights to modulate fucosylation by exploiting the salvage pathway via metabolic glycoengineering.
25253334	0	0	theme	jujuba	69:74	arg1	pulps					76:80	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	60:80	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	60:80	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	5	1	theme	total	561:565	arg1	15.85 mg/L					586:595	15.85 mg/L	586:595	15.85 mg/L	586:595	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	5	1	theme	total	561:565	arg1	contents					576:583	total phenolic contents	561:583	total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L)	561:596	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	2	2	theme	pulps	316:320	arg1	composition					259:269	the chemical composition	246:269	the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax)	246:384	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	7	3	theme	%	781:781	arg1	rate					768:771	a rate	766:771	a rate of 43.52%	766:781	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps were found at a rate of 43.52%.
25253334	0	4	theme	Ziziphus	60:67	arg1	pulps					76:80	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	60:80	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	60:80	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	5	5	theme	phenolic	567:574	arg1	15.85 mg/L					586:595	15.85 mg/L	586:595	15.85 mg/L	586:595	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	5	5	theme	phenolic	567:574	arg1	contents					576:583	total phenolic contents	561:583	total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L)	561:596	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	2	6	dep	composition	259:269	arg1	acids					278:282	amino acids	272:282	amino acids	272:282	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	6	dep	composition	259:269	arg1	sugars					301:306	sugars	301:306	sugars	301:306	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	6	dep	composition	259:269	arg1	polyphenols					285:295	polyphenols	285:295	polyphenols	285:295	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	4	7	theme	amino	510:514	arg1	proline					480:486	proline	480:486	proline	480:486	Among these, proline was the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol).
25253334	4	7	theme	amino	510:514	arg1	17.4 mol					522:529	17.4 mol	522:529	17.4 mol	522:529	Among these, proline was the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol).
25253334	4	7	theme	amino	510:514	arg1	acid					516:519	the most abundant amino acid	492:519	the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol)	492:530	Among these, proline was the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol).
25253334	0	8	theme	pulps	76:80	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps	0:80	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	4	9	theme	abundant	501:508	arg1	proline					480:486	proline	480:486	proline	480:486	Among these, proline was the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol).
25253334	4	9	theme	abundant	501:508	arg1	17.4 mol					522:529	17.4 mol	522:529	17.4 mol	522:529	Among these, proline was the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol).
25253334	4	9	theme	abundant	501:508	arg1	acid					516:519	the most abundant amino acid	492:519	the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol)	492:530	Among these, proline was the most abundant amino acid (17.4 mol).
25253334	8	10	from	extract	830:836	arg1	sugars					809:814	three sugars	803:814	three sugars from the pulp extract	803:836	Using HPLC method, three sugars from the pulp extract were identified: glucose, galactose and sucrose.
25253334	2	11	theme	chemical	250:257	arg1	composition					259:269	the chemical composition	246:269	the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax)	246:384	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	5	12	theme	Considerable	533:544	arg1	differences					546:556	Considerable differences	533:556	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L)	533:596	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	9	13	from	richest	914:920	arg1	sugars					931:936	these sugars	925:936	these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively	925:984	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	6	14	theme	Predominant	610:620	arg1	phenols					622:628	Predominant phenols	610:628	Predominant phenols identified by using HPLC	610:653	Predominant phenols identified by using HPLC were rutin (1.09 mg/L) and chlorogenic acid (2.57 mg/100 g).
25253334	2	15	theme	ecotypes	340:347	arg1	pulps					316:320	the pulps	312:320	the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax)	312:384	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	16	theme	jujuba	333:338	arg1	ecotypes					340:347	four Z. jujuba ecotypes	325:347	four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax)	325:384	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	16	theme	jujuba	333:338	arg1	Sfax					380:383	Sfax	380:383	Sfax	380:383	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	16	theme	jujuba	333:338	arg1	Mahres					369:374	Mahres	369:374	Mahres	369:374	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	16	theme	jujuba	333:338	arg1	Mahdia					361:366	Mahdia	361:366	Mahdia	361:366	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	5	17	from	differences	546:556	arg1	15.85 mg/L					586:595	15.85 mg/L	586:595	15.85 mg/L	586:595	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	5	17	from	differences	546:556	arg1	contents					576:583	total phenolic contents	561:583	total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L)	561:596	Considerable differences in total phenolic contents (15.85 mg/L) were found.
25253334	6	18	theme	chlorogenic	682:692	arg1	acid					694:697	chlorogenic acid	682:697	chlorogenic acid (2.57 mg/100 g)	682:713	Predominant phenols identified by using HPLC were rutin (1.09 mg/L) and chlorogenic acid (2.57 mg/100 g).
25253334	6	18	theme	chlorogenic	682:692	arg1	2.57 mg/100 g					700:712	2.57 mg/100 g	700:712	2.57 mg/100 g	700:712	Predominant phenols identified by using HPLC were rutin (1.09 mg/L) and chlorogenic acid (2.57 mg/100 g).
25253334	7	19	theme	Ziziphus	737:744	arg1	pulps					746:750	Ziziphus pulps	737:750	Ziziphus pulps	737:750	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps were found at a rate of 43.52%.
25253334	2	20	theme	Z.	330:331	arg1	ecotypes					340:347	four Z. jujuba ecotypes	325:347	four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax)	325:384	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	20	theme	Z.	330:331	arg1	Sfax					380:383	Sfax	380:383	Sfax	380:383	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	20	theme	Z.	330:331	arg1	Mahres					369:374	Mahres	369:374	Mahres	369:374	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	20	theme	Z.	330:331	arg1	Mahdia					361:366	Mahdia	361:366	Mahdia	361:366	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	0	21	theme	amino	21:25	arg1	acids					27:31	free amino acids	16:31	free amino acids	16:31	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	3	22	theme	major	391:395	arg1	acids					403:407	The major amino acids	387:407	The major amino acids identified	387:418	The major amino acids identified were proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
25253334	3	22	theme	major	391:395	arg1	proline					425:431	proline	425:431	proline	425:431	The major amino acids identified were proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
25253334	0	23	theme	free	16:19	arg1	acids					27:31	free amino acids	16:31	free amino acids	16:31	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	3	24	theme	glutamic	452:459	arg1	acid					461:464	glutamic acid	452:464	glutamic acid	452:464	The major amino acids identified were proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
25253334	2	25	theme	amino	272:276	arg1	acids					278:282	amino acids	272:282	amino acids	272:282	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	3	26	theme	amino	397:401	arg1	acids					403:407	The major amino acids	387:407	The major amino acids identified	387:418	The major amino acids identified were proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
25253334	3	26	theme	amino	397:401	arg1	proline					425:431	proline	425:431	proline	425:431	The major amino acids identified were proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
25253334	8	27	theme	HPLC	790:793	arg1	method					795:800	HPLC method	790:800	HPLC method	790:800	Using HPLC method, three sugars from the pulp extract were identified: glucose, galactose and sucrose.
25253334	0	28	theme	acids	27:31	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps	0:80	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	7	29	attach	isolated	723:730	arg2	Sugars					716:721	Sugars	716:721	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps	716:750	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps were found at a rate of 43.52%.
25253334	7	29	attach	isolated	723:730	arg1	pulps					746:750	Ziziphus pulps	737:750	Ziziphus pulps	737:750	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps were found at a rate of 43.52%.
25253334	0	30	theme	polyphenols	34:44	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps	0:80	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	3	31	theme	aspartic	434:441	arg1	acid					443:446	aspartic acid	434:446	aspartic acid	434:446	The major amino acids identified were proline, aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
25253334	7	32	located	found	757:761	arg2	Sugars					716:721	Sugars	716:721	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps	716:750	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps were found at a rate of 43.52%.
25253334	7	32	located	found	757:761	arg1	rate					768:771	a rate	766:771	a rate of 43.52%	766:781	Sugars isolated from Ziziphus pulps were found at a rate of 43.52%.
25253334	9	33	theme	Mahdia	891:896	arg1	ecotype					898:904	The Mahdia ecotype	887:904	The Mahdia ecotype	887:904	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	9	33	theme	Mahdia	891:896	arg1	richest					914:920	richest	914:920	richest	914:920	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	9	34	with	sugars	931:936	arg1	0.45					943:946	0.45	943:946	0.45	943:946	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	9	34	with	sugars	931:936	arg1	113.28 mg/L					960:970	113.28 mg/L	960:970	113.28 mg/L	960:970	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	8	35	theme	pulp	825:828	arg1	extract					830:836	the pulp extract	821:836	the pulp extract	821:836	Using HPLC method, three sugars from the pulp extract were identified: glucose, galactose and sucrose.
25253334	9	36	from	sugars	931:936	arg1	ecotype					898:904	The Mahdia ecotype	887:904	The Mahdia ecotype	887:904	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	9	36	from	sugars	931:936	arg1	richest					914:920	richest	914:920	richest	914:920	The Mahdia ecotype was the richest in these sugars with 0.45, 136.51 and 113.28 mg/L, respectively.
25253334	1	37	theme	Ziziphus	122:129	arg1	pulps					138:142	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	122:142	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	122:142	Ziziphus jujuba pulps are very much appreciated by the inhabitants and have been recently exported.
25253334	0	38	theme	sugars	50:55	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps	0:80	Distribution of free amino acids, polyphenols and sugars of Ziziphus jujuba pulps harvested from plants grown in Tunisia.
25253334	2	39	dep	ecotypes	340:347	arg1	Sfax					380:383	Sfax	380:383	Sfax	380:383	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	39	dep	ecotypes	340:347	arg1	ecotypes					340:347	four Z. jujuba ecotypes	325:347	four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax)	325:384	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	39	dep	ecotypes	340:347	arg1	Mahres					369:374	Mahres	369:374	Mahres	369:374	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	2	39	dep	ecotypes	340:347	arg1	Mahdia					361:366	Mahdia	361:366	Mahdia	361:366	This article reports on the chemical composition (amino acids, polyphenols and sugars) of the pulps of four Z. jujuba ecotypes (Choutrana, Mahdia, Mahres and Sfax).
25253334	1	40	theme	jujuba	131:136	arg1	pulps					138:142	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	122:142	Ziziphus jujuba pulps	122:142	Ziziphus jujuba pulps are very much appreciated by the inhabitants and have been recently exported.
25027302	8	0	theme	vascularized	1311:1322	arg1	constructs					1336:1345	3D vascularized parenchymal constructs	1308:1345	3D vascularized parenchymal constructs	1308:1345	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	5	1	theme	transporting	751:762	arg1	fluids					764:769	transporting fluids	751:769	transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	751:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	1	2	theme	organs	170:175	arg1	organizations					146:158	complex structural organizations	127:158	complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs	127:200	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	7	3	theme	3D	1031:1032	arg1	pathways					1173:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	7	3	theme	3D	1031:1032	arg1	networks					1058:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	4	4	theme	modules	673:679	arg1	replication					633:643	microchannel replication	620:643	microchannel replication	620:643	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	4	4	theme	modules	673:679	arg1	assembly					652:659	3D assembly	649:659	3D assembly	649:659	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	4	5	theme	agarose-collagen	588:603	arg1	composition					605:615	agarose-collagen composition	588:615	agarose-collagen composition	588:615	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	5	6	theme	3D	778:779	arg1	assemblies					781:790	3D assemblies	778:790	3D assemblies	778:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	4	7	theme	hydrogel	664:671	arg1	modules					673:679	hydrogel modules	664:679	hydrogel modules	664:679	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	5	8	from	property	711:718	arg1	fluids					764:769	transporting fluids	751:769	transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	751:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	4	9	from	effects	577:583	arg1	replication					633:643	microchannel replication	620:643	microchannel replication	620:643	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	4	9	from	effects	577:583	arg1	assembly					652:659	3D assembly	649:659	3D assembly	649:659	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	6	10	theme	bioreactor	925:934	arg1	system					936:941	a house-made bioreactor system	912:941	a house-made bioreactor system	912:941	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	1	11	theme	Bottom-up	61:69	arg1	engineering					78:88	Bottom-up tissue engineering	61:88	Bottom-up tissue engineering	61:88	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	8	12	theme	parenchymal	1324:1334	arg1	constructs					1336:1345	3D vascularized parenchymal constructs	1308:1345	3D vascularized parenchymal constructs	1308:1345	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	1	13	theme	tissue	71:76	arg1	engineering					78:88	Bottom-up tissue engineering	61:88	Bottom-up tissue engineering	61:88	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	5	14	theme	unique	704:709	arg1	property					711:718	The unique property	700:718	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	700:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	2	15	theme	assembled	408:416	arg1	constructs					421:430	modularly assembled 3D constructs	398:430	modularly assembled 3D constructs	398:430	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	7	16	theme	assembly	986:993	arg1	method					995:1000	the sequential assembly method	971:1000	the sequential assembly method	971:1000	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	3	17	theme	microfluidic	551:562	arg1	modules					564:570	microfluidic modules	551:570	microfluidic modules	551:570	Here we presented a bottom-up strategy to produce perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels by sequentially assembling microfluidic modules.
25027302	6	18	theme	house-made	914:923	arg1	system					936:941	a house-made bioreactor system	912:941	a house-made bioreactor system	912:941	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	7	19	theme	sequential	975:984	arg1	method					995:1000	the sequential assembly method	971:1000	the sequential assembly method	971:1000	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	1	20	theme	artificial	180:189	arg1	constructs					191:200	artificial constructs	180:200	artificial constructs	180:200	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	5	21	theme	predefined	723:732	arg1	microchannels					734:746	predefined microchannels	723:746	predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	723:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	8	22	theme	primary	1364:1370	arg1	cells					1372:1376	primary cells	1364:1376	primary cells in bulk hydrogels	1364:1394	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	5	23	theme	microchannels	734:746	arg1	property					711:718	The unique property	700:718	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	700:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	1	24	from	organizations	146:158	arg1	constructs					191:200	artificial constructs	180:200	artificial constructs	180:200	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	6	25	theme	Endothelial	807:817	arg1	cells					819:823	Endothelial cells	807:823	Endothelial cells	807:823	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	0	26	theme	Sequential	0:9	arg1	assembly					11:18	Sequential assembly	0:18	Sequential assembly of 3D	0:24	Sequential assembly of 3D perfusable microfluidic hydrogels.
25027302	4	27	theme	3D	649:650	arg1	assembly					652:659	3D assembly	649:659	3D assembly	649:659	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	7	28	theme	agarose-collagen	1080:1095	arg1	hydrogels					1097:1105	optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels	1070:1105	optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels	1070:1105	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	7	29	theme	optimized	1070:1078	arg1	hydrogels					1097:1105	optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels	1070:1105	optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels	1070:1105	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	1	30	theme	promising	101:109	arg1	way					111:113	a promising way	99:113	a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules	99:243	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	3	31	theme	perfusable	483:492	arg1	microchannels					494:506	perfusable microchannels	483:506	perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels	483:522	Here we presented a bottom-up strategy to produce perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels by sequentially assembling microfluidic modules.
25027302	0	32	theme	3D	23:24	arg1	assembly					11:18	Sequential assembly	0:18	Sequential assembly of 3D	0:24	Sequential assembly of 3D perfusable microfluidic hydrogels.
25027302	6	33	theme	dynamic	893:899	arg1	culture					901:907	dynamic culture	893:907	dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system	893:941	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	2	34	theme	controllable	334:345	arg1	network					387:393	a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network	332:393	a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network	332:393	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	1	35	theme	functional	216:225	arg1	modules					237:243	functional repeating modules	216:243	functional repeating modules	216:243	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	7	36	theme	fluid	1167:1171	arg1	pathways					1173:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	7	36	theme	fluid	1167:1171	arg1	networks					1058:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	1	37	theme	repeating	227:235	arg1	modules					237:243	functional repeating modules	216:243	functional repeating modules	216:243	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	0	38	theme	microfluidic	37:48	arg1	hydrogels					50:58	microfluidic hydrogels	37:58	microfluidic hydrogels	37:58	Sequential assembly of 3D perfusable microfluidic hydrogels.
25027302	6	39	from	culture	901:907	arg1	system					936:941	a house-made bioreactor system	912:941	a house-made bioreactor system	912:941	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	7	40	theme	cells	1225:1229	arg1	spreading					1200:1208	the spreading	1196:1208	the spreading of endothelial cells	1196:1229	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	8	41	theme	predefined	1435:1444	arg1	microchannels					1446:1458	predefined microchannels	1435:1458	predefined microchannels	1435:1458	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	3	42	theme	3D	511:512	arg1	hydrogels					514:522	3D hydrogels	511:522	3D hydrogels	511:522	Here we presented a bottom-up strategy to produce perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels by sequentially assembling microfluidic modules.
25027302	8	43	used	used	1291:1294	arg2	method					1263:1268	the presented method	1249:1268	the presented method	1249:1268	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	8	44	theme	presented	1253:1261	arg1	method					1263:1268	the presented method	1249:1268	the presented method	1249:1268	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	8	45	theme	bulk	1381:1384	arg1	hydrogels					1386:1394	bulk hydrogels	1381:1394	bulk hydrogels	1381:1394	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	5	46	from	fluids	764:769	arg1	property					711:718	The unique property	700:718	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	700:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	8	47	theme	endothelial	1414:1424	arg1	cells					1426:1430	endothelial cells	1414:1430	endothelial cells in predefined microchannels	1414:1458	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	4	48	theme	composition	605:615	arg1	effects					577:583	The effects	573:583	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules	573:679	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	5	49	from	microchannels	734:746	arg1	fluids					764:769	transporting fluids	751:769	transporting fluids within 3D assemblies	751:790	The unique property of predefined microchannels in transporting fluids within 3D assemblies was evaluated.
25027302	3	50	theme	bottom-up	453:461	arg1	strategy					463:470	a bottom-up strategy	451:470	a bottom-up strategy to produce perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels by sequentially assembling microfluidic modules	451:570	Here we presented a bottom-up strategy to produce perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels by sequentially assembling microfluidic modules.
25027302	7	51	theme	endothelial	1213:1223	arg1	cells					1225:1229	endothelial cells	1213:1229	endothelial cells	1213:1229	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	8	52	from	cells	1372:1376	arg1	hydrogels					1386:1394	bulk hydrogels	1381:1394	bulk hydrogels	1381:1394	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	1	53	theme	native	163:168	arg1	organs					170:175	native organs	163:175	native organs	163:175	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	6	54	theme	3D	876:877	arg1	hydrogels					879:887	3D hydrogels	876:887	3D hydrogels	876:887	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	1	55	theme	complex	127:133	arg1	organizations					146:158	complex structural organizations	127:158	complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs	127:200	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	4	56	theme	microchannel	620:631	arg1	replication					633:643	microchannel replication	620:643	microchannel replication	620:643	The effects of agarose-collagen composition on microchannel replication and 3D assembly of hydrogel modules were investigated.
25027302	2	57	theme	bottom-up	285:293	arg1	strategies					295:304	current bottom-up strategies	277:304	current bottom-up strategies	277:304	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	8	58	from	cells	1426:1430	arg1	microchannels					1446:1458	predefined microchannels	1435:1458	predefined microchannels	1435:1458	We envision that the presented method could be potentially used to engineer 3D vascularized parenchymal constructs by encapsulating primary cells in bulk hydrogels and incorporating endothelial cells in predefined microchannels.
25027302	1	59	theme	structural	135:144	arg1	organizations					146:158	complex structural organizations	127:158	complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs	127:200	Bottom-up tissue engineering provides a promising way to recreate complex structural organizations of native organs in artificial constructs by assembling functional repeating modules.
25027302	7	60	from	networks	1058:1065	arg1	hydrogels					1097:1105	optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels	1070:1105	optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels	1070:1105	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	6	61	theme	hydrogels	879:887	arg1	network					865:871	the microfluidic network	848:871	the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system	848:941	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	2	62	theme	current	277:283	arg1	strategies					295:304	current bottom-up strategies	277:304	current bottom-up strategies	277:304	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	2	63	theme	perfusable	363:372	arg1	network					387:393	a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network	332:393	a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network	332:393	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	7	64	theme	predefined	1034:1043	arg1	pathways					1173:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	7	64	theme	predefined	1034:1043	arg1	networks					1058:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	2	65	theme	microfluidic	374:385	arg1	network					387:393	a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network	332:393	a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network	332:393	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	6	66	theme	microfluidic	852:863	arg1	network					865:871	the microfluidic network	848:871	the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system	848:941	Endothelial cells were incorporated into the microfluidic network of 3D hydrogels for dynamic culture in a house-made bioreactor system.
25027302	7	67	theme	microfluidic	1045:1056	arg1	pathways					1173:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	7	67	theme	microfluidic	1045:1056	arg1	networks					1058:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	3	68	from	microchannels	494:506	arg1	hydrogels					514:522	3D hydrogels	511:522	3D hydrogels	511:522	Here we presented a bottom-up strategy to produce perfusable microchannels in 3D hydrogels by sequentially assembling microfluidic modules.
25027302	2	69	theme	3D	418:419	arg1	constructs					421:430	modularly assembled 3D constructs	398:430	modularly assembled 3D constructs	398:430	However, it is challenging for current bottom-up strategies to simultaneously produce a controllable and immediately perfusable microfluidic network in modularly assembled 3D constructs.
25027302	7	70	theme	interconnected	1016:1029	arg1	pathways					1173:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	fluid pathways	1167:1180	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
25027302	7	70	theme	interconnected	1016:1029	arg1	networks					1058:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks	1016:1065	The results indicated that the sequential assembly method could produce interconnected 3D predefined microfluidic networks in optimized agarose-collagen hydrogels, which were fully perfusable and successfully functioned as fluid pathways to facilitate the spreading of endothelial cells.
29105543	0	0	theme	drug	88:91	arg1	delivery					93:100	vaginal drug delivery	80:100	vaginal drug delivery	80:100	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	4	1	theme	films	685:689	arg1	higher					708:713	higher	708:713	higher	708:713	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	4	1	theme	films	685:689	arg1	values					669:674	The storage modulus and loss modulus values	632:674	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films	632:689	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	6	2	theme	N	1065:1065	arg1	load					1067:1070	1 N load	1063:1070	1 N load	1063:1070	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	2	3	theme	mechanical	483:492	arg1	analyzer					494:501	a dynamic mechanical analyzer	473:501	a dynamic mechanical analyzer	473:501	The storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature were determined using a dynamic mechanical analyzer.
29105543	1	4	theme	mechanical	155:164	arg1	behaviour					166:174	the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour	134:174	the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol),	134:292	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	5	theme	polyethylene	259:270	arg1	agents					251:256	plasticizing agents	238:256	plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol)	238:291	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	5	theme	polyethylene	259:270	arg1	glycol					272:277	polyethylene glycol	259:277	polyethylene glycol	259:277	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	7	6	theme	films	1264:1268	arg1	properties					1240:1249	the physico-mechanical properties	1217:1249	the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1217:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	7	7	theme	physico-mechanical	1221:1238	arg1	properties					1240:1249	the physico-mechanical properties	1217:1249	the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1217:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	6	8	dep	films	1034:1038	arg1	films					1044:1048	2% films	1041:1048	2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load	1041:1105	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	7	9	theme	nanoparticle	1180:1191	arg1	influence					1167:1175	the influence	1163:1175	the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1163:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	1	10	theme	potential	344:352	arg1	applications					354:365	potential applications	344:365	potential applications as microbicides	344:381	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	7	11	from	influence	1167:1175	arg1	properties					1240:1249	the physico-mechanical properties	1217:1249	the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1217:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	3	12	theme	polyvinyl	535:543	arg1	alcohol					545:551	2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol	526:551	2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles	526:614	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	6	13	theme	resistant	979:987	arg1	films					1034:1038	more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films	957:1038	more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load)	957:1106	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	4	14	theme	modulus	661:667	arg1	higher					708:713	higher	708:713	higher	708:713	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	4	14	theme	modulus	661:667	arg1	values					669:674	The storage modulus and loss modulus values	632:674	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films	632:689	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	6	15	theme	tensile	884:890	arg1	properties					892:901	The tensile properties	880:901	The tensile properties evaluated	880:911	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	3	16	theme	5	532:532	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	2	17	theme	storage	388:394	arg1	modulus					396:402	The storage modulus	384:402	The storage modulus	384:402	The storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature were determined using a dynamic mechanical analyzer.
29105543	0	18	theme	mechanical	8:17	arg1	behaviour					19:27	Dynamic mechanical behaviour	0:27	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle	0:43	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	0	19	theme	vaginal	80:86	arg1	delivery					93:100	vaginal drug delivery	80:100	vaginal drug delivery	80:100	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	7	20	theme	first	1139:1143	arg1	this					1127:1130	this	1127:1130	this	1127:1130	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	7	20	theme	first	1139:1143	arg1	study					1145:1149	the first study	1135:1149	the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1135:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	4	21	theme	nanoparticle-loaded	724:742	arg1	films					744:748	the nanoparticle-loaded films	720:748	the nanoparticle-loaded films	720:748	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	1	22	theme	polyvinyl	179:187	arg1	films					197:201	polyvinyl alcohol films	179:201	polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol),	179:292	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	0	23	theme	Dynamic	0:6	arg1	behaviour					19:27	Dynamic mechanical behaviour	0:27	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle	0:43	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	3	24	contain	containing	553:562	arg2	5 mg					572:575	5 mg	572:575	5 mg	572:575	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	3	24	contain	containing	553:562	arg2	3 mg					564:567	3 mg	564:567	3 mg	564:567	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	3	24	contain	containing	553:562	arg1	alcohol					545:551	2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol	526:551	2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles	526:614	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	6	25	theme	N	1100:1100	arg1	load					1102:1105	7 N load	1098:1105	7 N load	1098:1105	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	1	26	theme	alcohol	189:195	arg1	films					197:201	polyvinyl alcohol films	179:201	polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol),	179:292	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	2	27	theme	transition	428:437	arg1	temperature					439:449	glass transition temperature	422:449	glass transition temperature	422:449	The storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature were determined using a dynamic mechanical analyzer.
29105543	7	28	theme	vaginal	1274:1280	arg1	delivery					1287:1294	vaginal drug delivery	1274:1294	vaginal drug delivery	1274:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	1	29	theme	films	197:201	arg1	behaviour					166:174	the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour	134:174	the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol),	134:292	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	2	30	theme	glass	422:426	arg1	temperature					439:449	glass transition temperature	422:449	glass transition temperature	422:449	The storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature were determined using a dynamic mechanical analyzer.
29105543	6	31	theme	elastic	962:968	arg1	films					1034:1038	more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films	957:1038	more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load)	957:1106	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	6	32	theme	5	1013:1013	arg1	%					1014:1014	%	1014:1014	%	1014:1014	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	3	33	dep	%	527:527	arg1	to					529:530	to	529:530	to	529:530	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	6	34	theme	2	925:925	arg1	%					926:926	%	926:926	%	926:926	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	3	35	dep	alcohol	545:551	arg1	%					533:533	%	533:533	%	533:533	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	2	36	theme	dynamic	475:481	arg1	analyzer					494:501	a dynamic mechanical analyzer	473:501	a dynamic mechanical analyzer	473:501	The storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature were determined using a dynamic mechanical analyzer.
29105543	1	37	dep	agents	251:256	arg1	glycerol					283:290	glycerol	283:290	glycerol	283:290	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	37	dep	agents	251:256	arg1	agents					251:256	plasticizing agents	238:256	plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol)	238:291	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	37	dep	agents	251:256	arg1	glycol					272:277	polyethylene glycol	259:277	polyethylene glycol	259:277	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	6	38	theme	%	1042:1042	arg1	films					1044:1048	2% films	1041:1048	2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load	1041:1105	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	2	39	theme	loss	405:408	arg1	modulus					410:416	loss modulus	405:416	loss modulus	405:416	The storage modulus, loss modulus and glass transition temperature were determined using a dynamic mechanical analyzer.
29105543	0	40	theme	nanoparticle	32:43	arg1	behaviour					19:27	Dynamic mechanical behaviour	0:27	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle	0:43	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	3	41	theme	labeled	594:600	arg1	nanoparticles					602:614	fluorescently labeled nanoparticles	580:614	fluorescently labeled nanoparticles	580:614	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	4	42	theme	modulus	644:650	arg1	higher					708:713	higher	708:713	higher	708:713	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	4	42	theme	modulus	644:650	arg1	values					669:674	The storage modulus and loss modulus values	632:674	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films	632:689	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	0	43	theme	PVA	66:68	arg1	films					70:74	biodegradable PVA films	52:74	biodegradable PVA films	52:74	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	5	44	theme	transition	757:766	arg1	temperature					768:778	Glass transition temperature	751:778	Glass transition temperature	751:778	Glass transition temperature determined using the storage modulus, and loss modulus was between 40-50℃ and 35-40℃, respectively.
29105543	7	45	theme	film	1197:1200	arg1	composition					1202:1212	film composition	1197:1212	film composition	1197:1212	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	0	46	theme	biodegradable	52:64	arg1	films					70:74	biodegradable PVA films	52:74	biodegradable PVA films	52:74	Dynamic mechanical behaviour of nanoparticle loaded biodegradable PVA films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	6	47	theme	alcohol	938:944	arg1	films					946:950	2% polyvinyl alcohol films	925:950	2% polyvinyl alcohol films	925:950	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	7	48	theme	polymeric	1254:1262	arg1	films					1264:1268	polymeric films	1254:1268	polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1254:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	5	49	theme	loss	822:825	arg1	modulus					827:833	loss modulus	822:833	loss modulus	822:833	Glass transition temperature determined using the storage modulus, and loss modulus was between 40-50℃ and 35-40℃, respectively.
29105543	7	50	theme	composition	1202:1212	arg1	influence					1167:1175	the influence	1163:1175	the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery	1163:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	6	51	theme	polyvinyl	928:936	arg1	alcohol					938:944	2% polyvinyl alcohol	925:944	2% polyvinyl alcohol films	925:950	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	6	52	theme	%	1014:1014	arg1	alcohol					1026:1032	5% polyvinyl alcohol	1013:1032	5% polyvinyl alcohol	1013:1032	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	3	53	dep	%	533:533	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	6	54	theme	polyvinyl	1016:1024	arg1	alcohol					1026:1032	5% polyvinyl alcohol	1013:1032	5% polyvinyl alcohol	1013:1032	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	6	55	theme	2	1041:1041	arg1	%					1042:1042	%	1042:1042	%	1042:1042	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	4	56	theme	blank	679:683	arg1	films					685:689	blank films	679:689	blank films	679:689	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	6	57	theme	%	1077:1077	arg1	films					1079:1083	1 N load and 5% films	1063:1083	1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load	1063:1105	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	5	58	theme	Glass	751:755	arg1	transition					757:766	Glass transition	751:766	Glass transition temperature	751:778	Glass transition temperature determined using the storage modulus, and loss modulus was between 40-50℃ and 35-40℃, respectively.
29105543	6	59	theme	load	1067:1070	arg1	films					1079:1083	1 N load and 5% films	1063:1083	1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load	1063:1105	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	3	60	theme	nanoparticles	602:614	arg1	5 mg					572:575	5 mg	572:575	5 mg	572:575	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	3	60	theme	nanoparticles	602:614	arg1	3 mg					564:567	3 mg	564:567	3 mg	564:567	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	4	61	theme	storage	636:642	arg1	modulus					644:650	storage modulus	636:650	storage modulus	636:650	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	3	62	theme	2	526:526	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	Films fabricated from 2% to 5% polyvinyl alcohol containing 3 mg or 5 mg of fluorescently labeled nanoparticles were evaluated.
29105543	4	63	theme	loss	656:659	arg1	modulus					661:667	loss modulus	656:667	loss modulus	656:667	The storage modulus and loss modulus values of blank films were shown to be higher than the nanoparticle-loaded films.
29105543	1	64	theme	plasticizing	238:249	arg1	glycerol					283:290	glycerol	283:290	glycerol	283:290	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	64	theme	plasticizing	238:249	arg1	agents					251:256	plasticizing agents	238:256	plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol)	238:291	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	64	theme	plasticizing	238:249	arg1	glycol					272:277	polyethylene glycol	259:277	polyethylene glycol	259:277	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	1	64	theme	plasticizing	238:249	arg1	carrageenan					225:235	carrageenan	225:235	carrageenan	225:235	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
29105543	5	65	theme	storage	801:807	arg1	modulus					809:815	the storage modulus	797:815	the storage modulus	797:815	Glass transition temperature determined using the storage modulus, and loss modulus was between 40-50℃ and 35-40℃, respectively.
29105543	6	66	theme	%	926:926	arg1	alcohol					938:944	2% polyvinyl alcohol	925:944	2% polyvinyl alcohol films	925:950	The tensile properties evaluated showed that 2% polyvinyl alcohol films were more elastic but less resistant to breaking compared to 5% polyvinyl alcohol films (2% films break around 1 N load and 5% films break around 7 N load).
29105543	7	67	theme	drug	1282:1285	arg1	delivery					1287:1294	vaginal drug delivery	1274:1294	vaginal drug delivery	1274:1294	To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the influence of nanoparticle and film composition on the physico-mechanical properties of polymeric films for vaginal drug delivery.
29105543	1	68	theme	viscoelastic	138:149	arg1	behaviour					166:174	the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour	134:174	the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol),	134:292	In this study, we investigated the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviour of polyvinyl alcohol films formulated along with carrageenan, plasticizing agents (polyethylene glycol and glycerol), and when loaded with nanoparticles as a model for potential applications as microbicides.
28796363	3	0	theme	symbiotic	220:228	arg1	product					253:259	a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	218:259	a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	218:259	In this study, a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was developed.
28796363	10	1	theme	4	1349:1349	arg1	°C.					1351:1353	°C.	1351:1353	°C.	1351:1353	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	5	2	theme	flour	432:436	arg1	μm					457:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	2	3	theme	food	171:174	arg1	products					176:183	Corn-based functional food products	149:183	Corn-based functional food products	149:183	Corn-based functional food products are very limited.
28796363	5	4	theme	%	483:483	arg1	μm					457:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	5	4	theme	%	483:483	arg1	content					470:476	moisture content	461:476	moisture content of 15%	461:483	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	5	4	theme	%	483:483	arg1	temperature					499:509	extrusion temperature	489:509	extrusion temperature at 130 °C	489:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	7	5	theme	corn	680:683	arg1	milk					685:688	The corn milk	676:688	The corn milk	676:688	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	5	theme	corn	680:683	arg1	agents					843:848	thickening agents	832:848	thickening agents	832:848	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	2	6	theme	Corn-based	149:158	arg1	products					176:183	Corn-based functional food products	149:183	Corn-based functional food products	149:183	Corn-based functional food products are very limited.
28796363	9	7	theme	symbiotic	985:993	arg1	product					1018:1024	the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	981:1024	the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	981:1024	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	5	8	theme	extrusion	489:497	arg1	temperature					499:509	extrusion temperature	489:509	extrusion temperature at 130 °C	489:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	12	9	theme	good	1598:1601	arg1	texture					1603:1609	good texture	1598:1609	good texture	1598:1609	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	3	10	theme	yogurt-like	241:251	arg1	product					253:259	a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	218:259	a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	218:259	In this study, a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was developed.
28796363	9	11	theme	yogurt-like	1006:1016	arg1	product					1018:1024	the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	981:1024	the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	981:1024	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	7	12	theme	soy	731:733	arg1	isolate					743:749	soy protein isolate	731:749	soy protein isolate (0.75%)	731:757	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	12	theme	soy	731:733	arg1	%					756:756	0.75%	752:756	0.75%	752:756	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	6	13	theme	corn	557:560	arg1	suspension					572:581	8% corn extrudate suspension	554:581	8% corn extrudate suspension	554:581	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	8	14	contain	containing	928:937	arg1	culture					920:926	a probiotic starter culture	900:926	a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum	900:950	The mixture was fermented at 35 °C for 6 h using a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum.
28796363	8	14	contain	containing	928:937	arg2	plantarum					942:950	L. plantarum	939:950	L. plantarum	939:950	The mixture was fermented at 35 °C for 6 h using a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum.
28796363	12	15	theme	symbiotic	1563:1571	arg1	product					1585:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product	1541:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability	1541:1623	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	6	16	theme	8	554:554	arg1	%					555:555	%	555:555	%	555:555	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	10	17	dep	±	1239:1239	arg1	to					1231:1232	to	1231:1232	to	1231:1232	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	9	18	theme	total	1031:1035	arg1	solids					1037:1042	total solids	1031:1042	total solids (17.13 ± 0.31)	1031:1057	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	9	18	theme	total	1031:1035	arg1	±					1051:1051	17.13 ± 0.31	1045:1056	17.13 ± 0.31	1045:1056	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	6	19	theme	glyceryl	615:622	arg1	monostearate					624:635	0.1% glyceryl monostearate	610:635	0.1% glyceryl monostearate	610:635	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	6	20	theme	0.1	610:612	arg1	%					613:613	%	613:613	%	613:613	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	0	21	theme	Yogurt-Like	78:88	arg1	Product					90:96	Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product	57:96	Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product	57:96	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	7	22	theme	xanthan	809:815	arg1	gum					817:819	xanthan gum	809:819	xanthan gum (0.09%)	809:827	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	22	theme	xanthan	809:815	arg1	%					826:826	0.09%	822:826	0.09%	822:826	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	10	23	from	changes	1399:1405	arg1	profile					1418:1424	protein profile	1410:1424	protein profile	1410:1424	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	12	24	with	product	1585:1591	arg1	stability					1615:1623	stability	1615:1623	stability	1615:1623	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	12	24	with	product	1585:1591	arg1	texture					1603:1609	good texture	1598:1609	good texture	1598:1609	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	10	25	theme	±	1299:1299	arg1	CFU/mL					1324:1329	7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL	1295:1329	7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL	1295:1329	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	0	26	theme	Physiochemical	0:13	arg1	Properties					15:24	Physiochemical Properties	0:24	Physiochemical Properties	0:24	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	7	27	theme	polymerized	773:783	arg1	protein					790:796	polymerized whey protein	773:796	polymerized whey protein (0.3%)	773:803	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	27	theme	polymerized	773:783	arg1	%					802:802	0.3%	799:802	0.3%	799:802	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	4	28	theme	Corn	276:279	arg1	milk					281:284	Corn milk	276:284	Corn milk	276:284	Corn milk was prepared through grinding, extrusion and milling, and hydration processes.
28796363	6	29	theme	%	644:644	arg1	ester					654:658	0.1% sucrose ester	641:658	0.1% sucrose ester	641:658	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	10	30	theme	log	1320:1322	arg1	CFU/mL					1324:1329	7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL	1295:1329	7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL	1295:1329	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	10	31	theme	pH	1169:1170	arg1	value					1172:1176	pH value	1169:1176	pH value of this symbiotic product	1169:1202	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	10	32	dep	±	1313:1313	arg1	to					1306:1307	to	1306:1307	to	1306:1307	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	4	33	theme	hydration	344:352	arg1	processes					354:362	hydration processes	344:362	hydration processes	344:362	Corn milk was prepared through grinding, extrusion and milling, and hydration processes.
28796363	0	34	theme	Symbiotic	57:65	arg1	Product					90:96	Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product	57:96	Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product	57:96	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	10	35	theme	symbiotic	1186:1194	arg1	product					1196:1202	this symbiotic product	1181:1202	this symbiotic product	1181:1202	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	8	36	theme	probiotic	902:910	arg1	culture					920:926	a probiotic starter culture	900:926	a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum	900:950	The mixture was fermented at 35 °C for 6 h using a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum.
28796363	10	37	theme	0.03	1226:1229	arg1	±					1239:1239	±	1239:1239	±	1239:1239	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	9	38	theme	Chemical	953:960	arg1	%					975:975	%	975:975	%	975:975	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	9	38	theme	Chemical	953:960	arg1	composition					962:972	Chemical composition	953:972	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	953:1024	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	9	39	theme	15.14	1117:1121	arg1	carbohydrates					1102:1114	carbohydrates	1102:1114	carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19)	1102:1129	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	9	39	theme	15.14	1117:1121	arg1	0.19					1125:1128	15.14 ± 0.19	1117:1128	15.14 ± 0.19	1117:1128	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	6	40	theme	corn	526:529	arg1	emulsifiers					663:673	emulsifiers	663:673	emulsifiers	663:673	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	6	40	theme	corn	526:529	arg1	milk					531:534	The corn milk	522:534	The corn milk	522:534	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	10	41	theme	°C.	1351:1353	arg1	analysis					1364:1371	4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis	1349:1371	4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis	1349:1371	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	5	42	theme	corn	427:430	arg1	μm					457:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	3	43	theme	corn-based	230:239	arg1	product					253:259	a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	218:259	a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	218:259	In this study, a symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was developed.
28796363	10	44	theme	0.13	1241:1244	arg1	±					1239:1239	±	1239:1239	±	1239:1239	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	5	45	theme	particle	438:445	arg1	μm					457:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	10	46	theme	3.88	1234:1237	arg1	±					1239:1239	±	1239:1239	±	1239:1239	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	2	47	theme	functional	160:169	arg1	products					176:183	Corn-based functional food products	149:183	Corn-based functional food products	149:183	Corn-based functional food products are very limited.
28796363	5	48	from	°C	518:519	arg1	temperature					499:509	extrusion temperature	489:509	extrusion temperature at 130 °C	489:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	5	48	from	°C	518:519	arg1	μm					457:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	5	48	from	°C	518:519	arg1	content					470:476	moisture content	461:476	moisture content of 15%	461:483	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	5	48	from	°C	518:519	arg1	conditions					413:422	the optimized conditions	399:422	the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C	399:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	9	49	theme	corn-based	995:1004	arg1	product					1018:1024	the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	981:1024	the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	981:1024	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	10	50	theme	protein	1410:1416	arg1	profile					1418:1424	protein profile	1410:1424	protein profile	1410:1424	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	5	51	theme	temperature	499:509	arg1	conditions					413:422	the optimized conditions	399:422	the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C	399:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	6	52	theme	extrudate	562:570	arg1	suspension					572:581	8% corn extrudate suspension	554:581	8% corn extrudate suspension	554:581	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	5	53	from	conditions	413:422	arg1	°C					518:519	130 °C	514:519	130 °C	514:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	9	54	theme	product	1018:1024	arg1	%					975:975	%	975:975	%	975:975	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	9	54	theme	product	1018:1024	arg1	composition					962:972	Chemical composition	953:972	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product	953:1024	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	5	55	theme	content	470:476	arg1	conditions					413:422	the optimized conditions	399:422	the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C	399:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	5	56	theme	moisture	461:468	arg1	content					470:476	moisture content	461:476	moisture content of 15%	461:483	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	6	57	theme	%	555:555	arg1	suspension					572:581	8% corn extrudate suspension	554:581	8% corn extrudate suspension	554:581	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	12	58	theme	corn-based	1552:1561	arg1	product					1585:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product	1541:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability	1541:1623	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	10	59	theme	plantarum	1271:1279	arg1	population					1254:1263	the population	1250:1263	the population of L. plantarum	1250:1279	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	7	60	theme	thickening	832:841	arg1	milk					685:688	The corn milk	676:688	The corn milk	676:688	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	60	theme	thickening	832:841	arg1	agents					843:848	thickening agents	832:848	thickening agents	832:848	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	12	61	theme	yogurt-like	1573:1583	arg1	product					1585:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product	1541:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability	1541:1623	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	12	62	theme	dairy	1692:1696	arg1	yogurt					1698:1703	the dairy yogurt	1688:1703	the dairy yogurt	1688:1703	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	1	63	theme	northern	133:140	arg1	China					142:146	northern China	133:146	northern China	133:146	Corn is a major grain produced in northern China.
28796363	7	64	theme	protein	735:741	arg1	isolate					743:749	soy protein isolate	731:749	soy protein isolate (0.75%)	731:757	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	64	theme	protein	735:741	arg1	%					756:756	0.75%	752:756	0.75%	752:756	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	6	65	theme	%	613:613	arg1	monostearate					624:635	0.1% glyceryl monostearate	610:635	0.1% glyceryl monostearate	610:635	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	0	66	theme	Product	90:96	arg1	Properties					15:24	Physiochemical Properties	0:24	Physiochemical Properties	0:24	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	0	66	theme	Product	90:96	arg1	Survivability					40:52	Probiotic Survivability	30:52	Probiotic Survivability	30:52	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	5	67	theme	optimized	403:411	arg1	conditions					413:422	the optimized conditions	399:422	the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C	399:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	12	68	theme	good	1668:1671	arg1	alternative					1673:1683	a good alternative	1666:1683	a good alternative to the dairy yogurt	1666:1703	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	12	68	theme	good	1668:1671	arg1	that					1652:1655	that	1652:1655	that	1652:1655	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	5	69	theme	Corn	365:368	arg1	extrudate					370:378	Corn extrudate	365:378	Corn extrudate	365:378	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	12	70	theme	set-type	1543:1550	arg1	product					1585:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product	1541:1591	a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability	1541:1623	It can be concluded that a set-type corn-based symbiotic yogurt-like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
28796363	10	71	theme	0.09	1301:1304	arg1	±					1313:1313	±	1313:1313	±	1313:1313	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	4	72	theme	grinding	307:314	arg1	extrusion					317:325	extrusion	317:325	extrusion	317:325	Corn milk was prepared through grinding, extrusion and milling, and hydration processes.
28796363	6	73	theme	sucrose	646:652	arg1	ester					654:658	0.1% sucrose ester	641:658	0.1% sucrose ester	641:658	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	0	74	theme	Probiotic	30:38	arg1	Survivability					40:52	Probiotic Survivability	30:52	Probiotic Survivability	30:52	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	7	75	theme	whey	785:788	arg1	protein					790:796	polymerized whey protein	773:796	polymerized whey protein (0.3%)	773:803	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	7	75	theme	whey	785:788	arg1	%					802:802	0.3%	799:802	0.3%	799:802	The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents.
28796363	1	76	theme	major	109:113	arg1	Corn					99:102	Corn	99:102	Corn	99:102	Corn is a major grain produced in northern China.
28796363	1	76	theme	major	109:113	arg1	grain					115:119	a major grain	107:119	a major grain produced in northern China	107:146	Corn is a major grain produced in northern China.
28796363	6	77	theme	0.1	641:643	arg1	%					644:644	%	644:644	%	644:644	The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers.
28796363	10	78	theme	0.14	1315:1318	arg1	±					1313:1313	±	1313:1313	±	1313:1313	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	10	79	theme	7.1	1309:1311	arg1	±					1313:1313	±	1313:1313	±	1313:1313	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	0	80	theme	Corn-Based	67:76	arg1	Product					90:96	Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product	57:96	Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product	57:96	Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn-Based Yogurt-Like Product.
28796363	10	81	theme	product	1196:1202	arg1	value					1172:1176	pH value	1169:1176	pH value of this symbiotic product	1169:1202	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	5	82	theme	size	447:450	arg1	μm					457:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	corn flour particle size <180 μm	427:458	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	8	83	theme	starter	912:918	arg1	culture					920:926	a probiotic starter culture	900:926	a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum	900:950	The mixture was fermented at 35 °C for 6 h using a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum.
28796363	10	84	theme	SDS-PAGE	1355:1362	arg1	analysis					1364:1371	4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis	1349:1371	4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis	1349:1371	pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage.
28796363	5	85	theme	μm	457:458	arg1	conditions					413:422	the optimized conditions	399:422	the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C	399:519	Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C.
28796363	11	86	theme	study	1509:1513	arg1	period					1494:1499	the period	1490:1499	the period of this study	1490:1513	Texture and consistency were also stable during the period of this study.
28796363	9	87	theme	±	1123:1123	arg1	carbohydrates					1102:1114	carbohydrates	1102:1114	carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19)	1102:1129	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
28796363	9	87	theme	±	1123:1123	arg1	0.19					1125:1128	15.14 ± 0.19	1117:1128	15.14 ± 0.19	1117:1128	Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn-based yogurt-like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively.
26361938	2	0	theme	old	370:372	arg1	days					365:368	35 days	362:368	35 days old	362:372	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	2	0	theme	old	370:372	arg1	50					375:376	50	375:376	50	375:376	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	2	1	dep	rabbits	353:359	arg1	days					365:368	35 days	362:368	35 days old	362:372	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	2	1	dep	rabbits	353:359	arg1	50					375:376	50	375:376	50	375:376	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	8	2	theme	Venn	1194:1197	arg1	diagrams					1199:1206	Venn diagrams	1194:1206	Venn diagrams	1194:1206	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	2	3	used	used	394:397	arg2	total					333:337	A total	331:337	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group)	331:387	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	2	4	dep	started	425:431	arg1	day					477:479	day 42	477:482	day 42	477:482	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	4	5	theme	16S	667:669	arg1	sequencing					676:685	high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing	651:685	high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing	651:685	The bacterial community structure was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.
26361938	1	6	theme	dietary	149:155	arg1	fiber					175:179	dietary neutral detergent fiber	149:179	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	6	theme	dietary	149:155	arg1	NDF					182:184	NDF	182:184	NDF	182:184	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	7	theme	different	234:242	arg1	diets					244:248	4 different diets	232:248	4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0)	232:312	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	8	dep	A	256:256	arg1	B					280:280	diet B	275:280	diet B	275:280	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	8	dep	A	256:256	arg1	1.4					296:298	1.4	296:298	1.4	296:298	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	8	dep	A	256:256	arg1	C					293:293	diet C	288:293	diet C	288:293	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	8	dep	A	256:256	arg1	NDF/starch					263:272	NDF/starch	263:272	NDF/starch	263:272	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	8	dep	A	256:256	arg1	D					306:306	diet D	301:306	diet D: 1.0	301:311	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	2	9	theme	adaptation	442:451	arg1	period					453:458	an adaptation period	439:458	an adaptation period of 7 days	439:468	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	7	10	theme	diet	1142:1145	arg1	D					1147:1147	diet D	1142:1147	diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1142:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	7	10	theme	diet	1142:1145	arg1	starch					1155:1160	high starch	1150:1160	high starch	1150:1160	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	6	11	theme	<	847:847	arg1	Proteobacteria					829:842	Proteobacteria	829:842	Proteobacteria (P < 0.01)	829:853	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	6	11	theme	<	847:847	arg1	P					845:845	P < 0.01	845:852	P < 0.01	845:852	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	1	12	theme	neutral	157:163	arg1	fiber					175:179	dietary neutral detergent fiber	149:179	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	12	theme	neutral	157:163	arg1	NDF					182:184	NDF	182:184	NDF	182:184	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	0	13	theme	shaping	40:46	arg1	microbiota					55:64	shaping caecal microbiota	40:64	shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits	40:75	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	1	14	dep	NDF/starch	263:272	arg1	1.9					283:285	1.9	283:285	1.9	283:285	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	4	15	theme	rRNA	671:674	arg1	sequencing					676:685	high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing	651:685	high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing	651:685	The bacterial community structure was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.
26361938	7	16	theme	high	1118:1121	arg1	A					1115:1115	diet A	1110:1115	diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1110:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	7	16	theme	high	1118:1121	arg1	fiber					1123:1127	high fiber	1118:1127	high fiber	1118:1127	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	1	17	theme	detergent	165:173	arg1	fiber					175:179	dietary neutral detergent fiber	149:179	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	17	theme	detergent	165:173	arg1	NDF					182:184	NDF	182:184	NDF	182:184	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	9	18	theme	microbiota	1462:1471	arg1	composition					1440:1450	the composition	1436:1450	the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits	1436:1490	These results suggest that dietary fiber per starch ratios and age significantly alter the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits.
26361938	3	19	theme	NDF/starch	543:552	arg1	diets					554:558	different NDF/starch diets	533:558	different NDF/starch diets	533:558	Caecal contents were obtained from rabbits fed different NDF/starch diets at 52, 62, 72, and 82 days of life.
26361938	2	20	theme	days	465:468	arg1	period					453:458	an adaptation period	439:458	an adaptation period of 7 days	439:468	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	8	21	theme	heat	1212:1215	arg1	analyses					1226:1233	heat map plot analyses	1212:1233	heat map plot analyses	1212:1233	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	7	22	theme	diet	1110:1113	arg1	A					1115:1115	diet A	1110:1115	diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1110:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	7	22	theme	diet	1110:1113	arg1	fiber					1123:1127	high fiber	1118:1127	high fiber	1118:1127	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	8	23	theme	gut	1263:1265	arg1	species					1267:1273	gut species	1263:1273	gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments	1263:1327	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	1	24	theme	fiber	175:179	arg1	ratio					194:198	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	25	theme	diet	251:254	arg1	A					256:256	diet A	251:256	diet A	251:256	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	7	26	theme	52-	1166:1168	arg1	rabbits					1185:1191	52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1166:1191	52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1166:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	8	27	with	animals	1290:1296	arg1	treatments					1318:1327	different diet treatments	1303:1327	different diet treatments	1303:1327	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	9	28	from	composition	1440:1450	arg1	rabbits					1484:1490	growing rabbits	1476:1490	growing rabbits	1476:1490	These results suggest that dietary fiber per starch ratios and age significantly alter the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits.
26361938	7	29	theme	relative	1130:1137	arg1	A					1115:1115	diet A	1110:1115	diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1110:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	7	29	theme	relative	1130:1137	arg1	fiber					1123:1127	high fiber	1118:1127	high fiber	1118:1127	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	0	30	theme	fiber/starch	18:29	arg1	ratio					31:35	dietary fiber/starch ratio	10:35	dietary fiber/starch ratio	10:35	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	9	31	theme	growing	1476:1482	arg1	rabbits					1484:1490	growing rabbits	1476:1490	growing rabbits	1476:1490	These results suggest that dietary fiber per starch ratios and age significantly alter the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits.
26361938	0	32	theme	dietary	10:16	arg1	ratio					31:35	dietary fiber/starch ratio	10:35	dietary fiber/starch ratio	10:35	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	8	33	theme	plot	1221:1224	arg1	analyses					1226:1233	heat map plot analyses	1212:1233	heat map plot analyses	1212:1233	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	1	34	theme	diet	301:304	arg1	D					306:306	diet D	301:306	diet D: 1.0	301:311	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	7	35	theme	P	1077:1077	arg1	Escherichia/Shigella					1055:1074	Escherichia/Shigella	1055:1074	Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01)	1055:1085	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	7	35	theme	P	1077:1077	arg1	<					1079:1079	P < 0.01	1077:1084	P < 0.01	1077:1084	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	8	36	theme	map	1217:1219	arg1	analyses					1226:1233	heat map plot analyses	1212:1233	heat map plot analyses	1212:1233	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	4	37	theme	bacterial	600:608	arg1	structure					620:628	The bacterial community structure	596:628	The bacterial community structure	596:628	The bacterial community structure was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.
26361938	1	38	theme	/starch	186:192	arg1	ratio					194:198	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio	145:198	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	0	39	theme	ratio	31:35	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.	0:76	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	9	40	theme	dietary	1376:1382	arg1	fiber					1384:1388	dietary fiber	1376:1388	dietary fiber per starch ratios	1376:1406	These results suggest that dietary fiber per starch ratios and age significantly alter the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits.
26361938	7	41	theme	genus	1042:1046	arg1	level					1048:1052	the genus level	1038:1052	the genus level	1038:1052	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	8	42	theme	species	1267:1273	arg1	number					1253:1258	the number	1249:1258	the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments	1249:1327	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	9	43	theme	caecal	1455:1460	arg1	microbiota					1462:1471	caecal microbiota	1455:1471	caecal microbiota	1455:1471	These results suggest that dietary fiber per starch ratios and age significantly alter the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits.
26361938	0	44	theme	caecal	48:53	arg1	microbiota					55:64	shaping caecal microbiota	40:64	shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits	40:75	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	0	45	from	microbiota	55:64	arg1	rabbits					69:75	rabbits	69:75	rabbits	69:75	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	3	46	theme	different	533:541	arg1	diets					554:558	different NDF/starch diets	533:558	different NDF/starch diets	533:558	Caecal contents were obtained from rabbits fed different NDF/starch diets at 52, 62, 72, and 82 days of life.
26361938	1	47	theme	experiment	100:109	arg1	objective					82:90	The objective	78:90	The objective of this experiment	78:109	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	48	theme	diet	288:291	arg1	C					293:293	diet C	288:293	diet C	288:293	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	49	theme	diet	275:278	arg1	NDF/starch					263:272	NDF/starch	263:272	NDF/starch	263:272	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	49	theme	diet	275:278	arg1	B					280:280	diet B	275:280	diet B	275:280	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	1	50	dep	diets	244:248	arg1	A					256:256	diet A	251:256	diet A	251:256	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	4	51	theme	community	610:618	arg1	structure					620:628	The bacterial community structure	596:628	The bacterial community structure	596:628	The bacterial community structure was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.
26361938	8	52	theme	diet	1313:1316	arg1	treatments					1318:1327	different diet treatments	1303:1327	different diet treatments	1303:1327	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	9	53	theme	starch	1394:1399	arg1	ratios					1401:1406	starch ratios	1394:1406	starch ratios	1394:1406	These results suggest that dietary fiber per starch ratios and age significantly alter the composition of caecal microbiota in growing rabbits.
26361938	7	54	theme	62-day-old	1174:1183	arg1	rabbits					1185:1191	52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1166:1191	52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1166:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	6	55	theme	P	981:981	arg1	<					983:983	P < 0.05	981:988	P < 0.05	981:988	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	6	55	theme	P	981:981	arg1	Verrucomicrobia					964:978	Verrucomicrobia	964:978	Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05)	964:989	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	7	56	theme	high	1150:1153	arg1	D					1147:1147	diet D	1142:1147	diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1142:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	7	56	theme	high	1150:1153	arg1	starch					1155:1160	high starch	1150:1160	high starch	1150:1160	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	8	57	theme	different	1303:1311	arg1	treatments					1318:1327	different diet treatments	1303:1327	different diet treatments	1303:1327	Venn diagrams and heat map plot analyses revealed that the number of gut species shared between animals with different diet treatments increased with age.
26361938	3	58	theme	life	590:593	arg1	days					582:585	52, 62, 72, and 82 days	563:585	52, 62, 72, and 82 days of life	563:593	Caecal contents were obtained from rabbits fed different NDF/starch diets at 52, 62, 72, and 82 days of life.
26361938	4	59	theme	high-throughput	651:665	arg1	sequencing					676:685	high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing	651:685	high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing	651:685	The bacterial community structure was characterized by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing.
26361938	6	60	theme	P	950:950	arg1	Proteobacteria					934:947	Proteobacteria	934:947	Proteobacteria (P < 0.01)	934:958	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	6	60	theme	P	950:950	arg1	<					952:952	P < 0.01	950:957	P < 0.01	950:957	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	6	61	theme	P	877:877	arg1	Verrucomicrobia					860:874	Verrucomicrobia	860:874	Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05)	860:885	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	6	61	theme	P	877:877	arg1	<					879:879	P < 0.05	877:884	P < 0.05	877:884	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	2	62	theme	weaned	346:351	arg1	rabbits					353:359	200 weaned rabbits	342:359	200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group)	342:387	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	1	63	theme	caecal	209:214	arg1	microbiota					216:225	caecal microbiota	209:225	caecal microbiota	209:225	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26361938	3	64	theme	Caecal	486:491	arg1	contents					493:500	Caecal contents	486:500	Caecal contents	486:500	Caecal contents were obtained from rabbits fed different NDF/starch diets at 52, 62, 72, and 82 days of life.
26361938	6	65	theme	P	818:818	arg1	Bacteroidetes					803:815	Bacteroidetes	803:815	Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05)	803:826	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	6	65	theme	P	818:818	arg1	<					820:820	P < 0.05	818:825	P < 0.05	818:825	However, Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05), Proteobacteria (P < 0.01), and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly affected by diet, and Proteobacteria (P < 0.01) and Verrucomicrobia (P < 0.05) reads were significantly influenced by age.
26361938	2	66	theme	rabbits	353:359	arg1	total					333:337	A total	331:337	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group)	331:387	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	7	67	from	D	1147:1147	arg1	rabbits					1185:1191	52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1166:1191	52- and 62-day-old rabbits	1166:1191	At the genus level, Escherichia/Shigella (P < 0.01) was overrepresented in diet A (high fiber) relative to diet D (high starch) in 52- and 62-day-old rabbits.
26361938	0	68	from	Impact	0:5	arg1	microbiota					55:64	shaping caecal microbiota	40:64	shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits	40:75	Impact of dietary fiber/starch ratio in shaping caecal microbiota in rabbits.
26361938	2	69	dep	day	477:479	arg1	i.e.					471:474	i.e.	471:474	i.e.	471:474	A total of 200 weaned rabbits (35 days old, 50 per group) were used for the experiment, which started after an adaptation period of 7 days (i.e., day 42).
26361938	1	70	dep	D	306:306	arg1	1.0					309:311	1.0	309:311	1.0	309:311	The objective of this experiment was to determine whether changing the dietary neutral detergent fiber (NDF)/starch ratio affected caecal microbiota when 4 different diets (diet A: 2.3 NDF/starch, diet B: 1.9, diet C: 1.4, diet D: 1.0) were formulated.
26162030	6	0	theme	meningitidis	990:1001	arg1	ancestor					1003:1010	N. meningitidis ancestor	987:1010	N. meningitidis ancestor	987:1010	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	5	1	dep	composition	689:699	arg1	proportion					712:721	increased proportion	702:721	increased proportion of pentapeptides	702:738	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	11	2	with	interaction	1719:1729	arg1	system					1747:1752	the immune system	1736:1752	the immune system	1736:1752	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	11	3	theme	interaction	1719:1729	arg1	requirement					1684:1694	the requirement	1680:1694	the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system	1680:1752	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	11	3	theme	interaction	1719:1729	arg1	need					1759:1762	the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity	1755:1871	the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity	1755:1871	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	11	3	theme	interaction	1719:1729	arg1	necessity					1881:1889	the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells	1877:1936	the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells	1877:1936	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	11	4	theme	cellular	1778:1785	arg1	surface					1787:1793	the cellular surface	1774:1793	the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks	1774:1819	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	4	5	theme	cell	565:568	arg1	structure					575:583	cell wall structure	565:583	cell wall structure	565:583	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	5	theme	cell	565:568	arg1	immune-modulators					607:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	5	theme	cell	565:568	arg1	one					586:588	one	586:588	one	586:588	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	7	6	theme	ancestral	1120:1128	arg1	version					1130:1136	the ancestral version	1116:1136	the ancestral version of the locus	1116:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	11	7	theme	immune	1740:1745	arg1	system					1747:1752	the immune system	1736:1752	the immune system	1736:1752	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	0	8	theme	Common	0:5	arg1	Evolution					18:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution	0:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens	0:58	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens.
26162030	9	9	theme	M.	1524:1525	arg1	catarrhalis					1527:1537	M. catarrhalis	1524:1537	M. catarrhalis	1524:1537	Finally, the same evolution was observed for the ancestor of M. catarrhalis.
26162030	7	10	theme	cell	1277:1280	arg1	division					1282:1289	cell division	1277:1289	cell division	1277:1289	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	10	11	theme	strong	1556:1561	arg1	selection					1563:1571	a strong selection	1554:1571	a strong selection of these genetic events	1554:1595	This suggests a strong selection of these genetic events during the colonization of the nasopharynx.
26162030	4	12	theme	immune-modulators	607:623	arg1	structure					575:583	cell wall structure	565:583	cell wall structure	565:583	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	12	theme	immune-modulators	607:623	arg1	immune-modulators					607:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	12	theme	immune-modulators	607:623	arg1	one					586:588	one	586:588	one	586:588	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	11	13	theme	target	1925:1930	arg1	cells					1932:1936	target cells	1925:1936	target cells	1925:1936	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	2	14	theme	many	200:203	arg1	microorganisms					205:218	many microorganisms	200:218	many microorganisms	200:218	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	1	15	theme	worldwide	116:124	arg1	death					126:130	worldwide death	116:130	worldwide death	116:130	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	7	16	from	elongation	1263:1272	arg1	transition					1242:1251	the transition	1238:1251	the transition from cell elongation to cell division	1238:1289	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	8	17	theme	elongation	1327:1336	arg1	machinery					1338:1346	the elongation machinery	1323:1346	the elongation machinery	1323:1346	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	6	18	theme	cocci	942:946	arg1	emergence					909:917	the emergence	905:917	the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene	905:1028	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	7	19	from	bacterium	1096:1104	arg1	reconstruction					1051:1064	the reconstruction	1047:1064	the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus	1047:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	5	20	theme	pentapeptides	726:738	arg1	proportion					712:721	increased proportion	702:721	increased proportion of pentapeptides	702:738	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	5	21	theme	N.	833:834	arg1	meningitidis					836:847	N. meningitidis	833:847	N. meningitidis	833:847	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	6	22	theme	new	926:928	arg1	cocci					942:946	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	3	23	theme	several	342:348	arg1	structures					358:367	several surface structures	342:367	several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system	342:425	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	4	24	theme	bacteria	485:492	arg1	evolution					466:474	the past evolution	457:474	the past evolution of these bacteria	457:492	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	24	theme	bacteria	485:492	arg1	adaption					504:511	their adaption	498:511	their adaption to the nasopharynx	498:530	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	1	25	theme	Respiratory	61:71	arg1	diseases					84:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	1	25	theme	Respiratory	61:71	arg1	cause					107:111	the third cause	97:111	the third cause of worldwide death	97:130	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	3	26	theme	system	420:425	arg1	actors					392:397	the actors	388:397	the actors of the innate immune system	388:425	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	7	27	theme	genetic	1074:1080	arg1	deletion					1082:1089	this genetic deletion	1069:1089	this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus	1069:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	4	28	theme	past	461:464	arg1	evolution					466:474	the past evolution	457:474	the past evolution of these bacteria	457:492	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	3	29	theme	innate	406:411	arg1	system					420:425	the innate immune system	402:425	the innate immune system	402:425	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	5	30	theme	change	758:763	arg1	modification					654:665	a modification	652:665	a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci	652:781	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	0	31	theme	Shape	12:16	arg1	Evolution					18:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution	0:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens	0:58	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens.
26162030	7	32	theme	PG	1185:1186	arg1	structure					1188:1196	the PG structure	1181:1196	the PG structure	1181:1196	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	6	33	from	emergence	909:917	arg1	genome					977:982	the genome	973:982	the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor	973:1010	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	2	34	theme	entry	166:170	arg1	nasopharynx					137:147	The nasopharynx	133:147	The nasopharynx	133:147	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	2	34	theme	entry	166:170	arg1	portal					156:161	the portal	152:161	the portal of entry	152:170	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	2	34	theme	entry	166:170	arg1	niche					191:195	the ecological niche	176:195	the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis	176:316	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	3	35	contain	possess	334:340	arg2	structures					358:367	several surface structures	342:367	several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system	342:425	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	3	35	contain	possess	334:340	arg1	microbes					325:332	These microbes	319:332	These microbes	319:332	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	8	36	theme	PG	1421:1422	arg1	structure					1424:1432	the PG structure	1417:1432	the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis	1417:1460	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	5	37	theme	cell	747:750	arg1	change					758:763	a cell shape change	745:763	a cell shape change from rod	745:772	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	11	38	theme	intracellular	1842:1854	arg1	capacity					1864:1871	the intracellular storage capacity	1838:1871	the intracellular storage capacity	1838:1871	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	4	39	theme	wall	570:573	arg1	structure					575:583	cell wall structure	565:583	cell wall structure	565:583	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	39	theme	wall	570:573	arg1	immune-modulators					607:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	39	theme	wall	570:573	arg1	one					586:588	one	586:588	one	586:588	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	10	40	theme	genetic	1582:1588	arg1	events					1590:1595	these genetic events	1576:1595	these genetic events	1576:1595	This suggests a strong selection of these genetic events during the colonization of the nasopharynx.
26162030	6	41	theme	genomic	856:862	arg1	comparison					864:873	genomic comparison	856:873	genomic comparison across species	856:888	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	6	42	theme	shape	935:939	arg1	cocci					942:946	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	8	43	located	observed	1434:1441	arg2	structure					1424:1432	the PG structure	1417:1432	the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis	1417:1460	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	8	43	located	observed	1434:1441	arg1	meningitidis					1449:1460	N. meningitidis	1446:1460	N. meningitidis	1446:1460	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	6	44	theme	ancestor	1003:1010	arg1	genome					977:982	the genome	973:982	the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor	973:1010	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	11	45	theme	permissive	1708:1717	arg1	interaction					1719:1729	evolving permissive interaction	1699:1729	evolving permissive interaction with the immune system	1699:1752	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	6	46	theme	N.	987:988	arg1	meningitidis					990:1001	N. meningitidis	987:1001	N. meningitidis ancestor	987:1010	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	8	47	from	change	1407:1412	arg1	structure					1424:1432	the PG structure	1417:1432	the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis	1417:1460	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	11	48	theme	storage	1856:1862	arg1	capacity					1864:1871	the intracellular storage capacity	1838:1871	the intracellular storage capacity	1838:1871	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	5	49	from	modification	654:665	arg1	rod					770:772	rod	770:772	rod	770:772	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	6	50	from	genome	977:982	arg1	cocci					942:946	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	6	50	from	genome	977:982	arg1	emergence					909:917	the emergence	905:917	the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene	905:1028	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	10	51	theme	events	1590:1595	arg1	selection					1563:1571	a strong selection	1554:1571	a strong selection of these genetic events	1554:1595	This suggests a strong selection of these genetic events during the colonization of the nasopharynx.
26162030	0	52	theme	Nasopharyngeal	35:48	arg1	Pathogens					50:58	Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens	31:58	Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens	31:58	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens.
26162030	10	53	theme	nasopharynx	1628:1638	arg1	colonization					1608:1619	the colonization	1604:1619	the colonization of the nasopharynx	1604:1638	This suggests a strong selection of these genetic events during the colonization of the nasopharynx.
26162030	9	54	theme	catarrhalis	1527:1537	arg1	ancestor					1512:1519	the ancestor	1508:1519	the ancestor of M. catarrhalis	1508:1537	Finally, the same evolution was observed for the ancestor of M. catarrhalis.
26162030	8	55	theme	yacF	1317:1320	arg1	loss					1309:1312	the loss	1305:1312	the loss of yacF	1305:1320	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	5	56	theme	peptidoglycan	670:682	arg1	composition					689:699	peptidoglycan (PG) composition	670:699	peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides)	670:739	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	7	57	from	deletion	1082:1089	arg1	bacterium					1096:1104	a bacterium	1094:1104	a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus	1094:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	7	58	theme	cell	1258:1261	arg1	elongation					1263:1272	cell elongation	1258:1272	cell elongation	1258:1272	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	4	59	theme	strongest	597:605	arg1	immune-modulators					607:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	5	60	theme	PG	685:686	arg1	composition					689:699	peptidoglycan (PG) composition	670:699	peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides)	670:739	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	2	61	theme	microorganisms	205:218	arg1	nasopharynx					137:147	The nasopharynx	133:147	The nasopharynx	133:147	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	2	61	theme	microorganisms	205:218	arg1	portal					156:161	the portal	152:161	the portal of entry	152:170	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	2	61	theme	microorganisms	205:218	arg1	niche					191:195	the ecological niche	176:195	the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis	176:316	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	2	61	theme	microorganisms	205:218	arg1	pathogenic					239:248	pathogenic	239:248	pathogenic	239:248	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	5	62	theme	meningitidis	836:847	arg1	evolution					820:828	the past evolution	811:828	the past evolution of N. meningitidis	811:847	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	6	63	with	cocci	942:946	arg1	deletion					958:965	the deletion	954:965	the deletion	954:965	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	1	64	theme	death	126:130	arg1	diseases					84:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	1	64	theme	death	126:130	arg1	cause					107:111	the third cause	97:111	the third cause of worldwide death	97:130	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	5	65	theme	increased	702:710	arg1	proportion					712:721	increased proportion	702:721	increased proportion of pentapeptides	702:738	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	11	66	theme	immune	1806:1811	arg1	attacks					1813:1819	immune attacks	1806:1819	immune attacks	1806:1819	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	5	67	theme	past	815:818	arg1	evolution					820:828	the past evolution	811:828	the past evolution of N. meningitidis	811:847	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	6	68	theme	cell	930:933	arg1	cocci					942:946	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	the new cell shape (cocci)	922:947	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	7	69	theme	deletion	1082:1089	arg1	reconstruction					1051:1064	the reconstruction	1047:1064	the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus	1047:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	3	70	theme	surface	350:356	arg1	structures					358:367	several surface structures	342:367	several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system	342:425	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	8	71	theme	descendants	1380:1390	arg1	several					1365:1371	several	1365:1371	several	1365:1371	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	4	72	from	differences	550:560	arg1	structure					575:583	cell wall structure	565:583	cell wall structure	565:583	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	72	from	differences	550:560	arg1	immune-modulators					607:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	the strongest immune-modulators	593:623	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	4	72	from	differences	550:560	arg1	one					586:588	one	586:588	one	586:588	In our attempt to understand the past evolution of these bacteria and their adaption to the nasopharynx, we first studied differences in cell wall structure, one of the strongest immune-modulators.
26162030	5	73	from	rod	770:772	arg1	composition					689:699	peptidoglycan (PG) composition	670:699	peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides)	670:739	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	5	73	from	rod	770:772	arg1	change					758:763	a cell shape change	745:763	a cell shape change from rod	745:772	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	5	73	from	rod	770:772	arg1	modification					654:665	a modification	652:665	a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci	652:781	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	1	74	theme	infectious	73:82	arg1	diseases					84:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	1	74	theme	infectious	73:82	arg1	cause					107:111	the third cause	97:111	the third cause of worldwide death	97:130	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	7	75	from	reconstruction	1051:1064	arg1	bacterium					1096:1104	a bacterium	1094:1104	a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus	1094:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	8	76	theme	N.	1446:1447	arg1	meningitidis					1449:1460	N. meningitidis	1446:1460	N. meningitidis	1446:1460	Accompanying the loss of yacF, the elongation machinery was also lost by several of the descendants leading to the change in the PG structure observed in N. meningitidis.
26162030	5	77	theme	composition	689:699	arg1	modification					654:665	a modification	652:665	a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci	652:781	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
26162030	0	78	theme	Cell	7:10	arg1	Evolution					18:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution	0:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens	0:58	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens.
26162030	7	79	theme	structure	1188:1196	arg1	analysis					1169:1176	the analysis	1165:1176	the analysis of the PG structure	1165:1196	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	3	80	theme	immune	413:418	arg1	system					420:425	the innate immune system	402:425	the innate immune system	402:425	These microbes possess several surface structures that interact with the actors of the innate immune system.
26162030	1	81	theme	third	101:105	arg1	diseases					84:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases	61:91	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	1	81	theme	third	101:105	arg1	cause					107:111	the third cause	97:111	the third cause of worldwide death	97:130	Respiratory infectious diseases are the third cause of worldwide death.
26162030	0	82	theme	Pathogens	50:58	arg1	Evolution					18:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution	0:26	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens	0:58	Common Cell Shape Evolution of Two Nasopharyngeal Pathogens.
26162030	6	83	theme	gene	1025:1028	arg1	emergence					909:917	the emergence	905:917	the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene	905:1028	Using genomic comparison across species, we correlated the emergence of the new cell shape (cocci) with the deletion, from the genome of N. meningitidis ancestor, of only one gene: yacF.
26162030	11	84	theme	evolving	1699:1706	arg1	interaction					1719:1729	evolving permissive interaction	1699:1729	evolving permissive interaction with the immune system	1699:1752	This selection may have been forced by the requirement of evolving permissive interaction with the immune system, the need to reduce the cellular surface exposed to immune attacks without reducing the intracellular storage capacity, or the necessity to better compete for adhesion to target cells.
26162030	7	85	theme	locus	1145:1149	arg1	version					1130:1136	the ancestral version	1116:1136	the ancestral version of the locus	1116:1149	Moreover, the reconstruction of this genetic deletion in a bacterium harboring the ancestral version of the locus together with the analysis of the PG structure, suggest that this gene is coordinating the transition from cell elongation to cell division.
26162030	2	86	theme	ecological	180:189	arg1	niche					191:195	the ecological niche	176:195	the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis	176:316	The nasopharynx is the portal of entry and the ecological niche of many microorganisms, of which some are pathogenic to humans, such as Neisseria meningitidis and Moraxella catarrhalis.
26162030	9	87	theme	same	1476:1479	arg1	evolution					1481:1489	the same evolution	1472:1489	the same evolution	1472:1489	Finally, the same evolution was observed for the ancestor of M. catarrhalis.
26162030	5	88	theme	shape	752:756	arg1	change					758:763	a cell shape change	745:763	a cell shape change from rod	745:772	We were able to show that a modification of peptidoglycan (PG) composition (increased proportion of pentapeptides) and a cell shape change from rod to cocci had been selected for along the past evolution of N. meningitidis.
29114098	8	0	theme	three-dimensional	1262:1278	arg1	scaffolds					1285:1293	the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	1258:1293	the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds	1258:1293	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	1	1	theme	Bone	141:144	arg1	engineering					153:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	1	1	theme	Bone	141:144	arg1	tool					177:180	a powerful tool	166:180	a powerful tool to treat bone defects	166:202	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	10	2	from	defects	1596:1602	arg1	practice					1629:1636	clinical practice	1620:1636	clinical practice	1620:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	1	3	theme	tissue	146:151	arg1	engineering					153:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	1	3	theme	tissue	146:151	arg1	tool					177:180	a powerful tool	166:180	a powerful tool to treat bone defects	166:202	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	0	4	theme	3D	84:85	arg1	Culture					92:98	3D Cell Culture	84:98	3D Cell Culture	84:98	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	4	5	theme	biological	675:684	arg1	characterization					686:701	biological characterization	675:701	their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds	625:720	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	2	6	theme	silk	251:254	arg1	SF					265:266	SF	265:266	SF	265:266	Both silk fibroin (SF) and chitosan (Cs) are biocompatible and actively studied for reconstruction of tissue engineering.
29114098	2	6	theme	silk	251:254	arg1	fibroin					256:262	silk fibroin	251:262	silk fibroin (SF)	251:267	Both silk fibroin (SF) and chitosan (Cs) are biocompatible and actively studied for reconstruction of tissue engineering.
29114098	5	7	theme	chemical	833:840	arg1	cross-linking					842:854	chemical cross-linking method and freeze-drying technique	833:889	cross-linking	842:854	First, these scaffolds were produced via chemical cross-linking method and freeze-drying technique.
29114098	9	8	dep	RESULTS	1305:1311	arg1	scaffold					1327:1334	The composite scaffold	1313:1334	RESULTS The composite scaffold formed by all 3 components	1305:1361	RESULTS The composite scaffold formed by all 3 components was the best for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	4	9	theme	bone	773:776	arg1	regeneration					778:789	bone regeneration	773:789	bone regeneration	773:789	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	10	10	from	fractures	1607:1615	arg1	practice					1629:1636	clinical practice	1620:1636	clinical practice	1620:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	11	used	used	1577:1580	arg2	regeneration					1552:1563	bone regeneration	1547:1563	bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice	1547:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	12	theme	bone	1591:1594	arg1	defects					1596:1602	bone defects	1591:1602	bone defects	1591:1602	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	4	13	from	scaffold	753:760	arg1	regeneration					778:789	bone regeneration	773:789	bone regeneration	773:789	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	4	14	theme	suitable	744:751	arg1	scaffold					753:760	the most suitable scaffold	735:760	the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration	735:789	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	4	15	theme	scaffolds	545:553	arg1	types					536:540	4 different types	524:540	4 different types of scaffolds	524:553	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	8	16	dep	scaffolds	1198:1206	arg1	study					1211:1215	study	1211:1215	to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro	1208:1302	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	6	17	theme	electron	968:975	arg1	microscopy					977:986	scanning electron microscopy	959:986	scanning electron microscopy	959:986	Next, the characterization of internal structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and the porosity was evaluated by liquid displacement method.
29114098	0	18	theme	Cell	87:90	arg1	Culture					92:98	3D Cell Culture	84:98	3D Cell Culture	84:98	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	4	19	dep	MATERIAL	488:495	arg1	study					517:521	this study	512:521	this study	512:521	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	7	20	theme	physicochemical	1068:1082	arg1	property					1141:1148	degradation property	1129:1148	degradation property	1129:1148	Then, we compared physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property.
29114098	7	20	theme	physicochemical	1068:1082	arg1	rate					1120:1123	water absorption rate	1103:1123	water absorption rate	1103:1123	Then, we compared physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property.
29114098	7	20	theme	physicochemical	1068:1082	arg1	properties					1084:1093	physicochemical properties	1068:1093	physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property	1068:1148	Then, we compared physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property.
29114098	8	21	theme	scaffolds	1285:1293	arg1	osteogenesis					1242:1253	osteogenesis	1242:1253	osteogenesis	1242:1253	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	8	21	theme	scaffolds	1285:1293	arg1	biocompatibility					1221:1236	biocompatibility	1221:1236	biocompatibility	1221:1236	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	7	22	theme	water	1103:1107	arg1	rate					1120:1123	water absorption rate	1103:1123	water absorption rate	1103:1123	Then, we compared physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property.
29114098	4	23	theme	physical	631:638	arg1	properties					653:662	their physical and chemical properties	625:662	their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds	625:720	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	9	24	theme	bone	1387:1390	arg1	regeneration					1392:1403	bone regeneration	1387:1403	bone regeneration	1387:1403	RESULTS The composite scaffold formed by all 3 components was the best for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	7	25	theme	absorption	1109:1118	arg1	rate					1120:1123	water absorption rate	1103:1123	water absorption rate	1103:1123	Then, we compared physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property.
29114098	1	26	theme	scaffolds	235:243	arg1	use					228:230	use	228:230	use of scaffolds	228:243	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	1	27	theme	powerful	168:175	arg1	engineering					153:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	1	27	theme	powerful	168:175	arg1	tool					177:180	a powerful tool	166:180	a powerful tool to treat bone defects	166:202	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	0	28	theme	Scaffold	24:31	arg1	Production					0:9	Production	0:9	Production of Composite Scaffold	0:31	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	0	29	theme	Bone	104:107	arg1	Regeneration					116:127	Bone Tissue Regeneration	104:127	Bone Tissue Regeneration	104:127	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	4	30	theme	chemical	644:651	arg1	properties					653:662	their physical and chemical properties	625:662	their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds	625:720	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	5	31	theme	freeze-drying	867:879	arg1	technique					881:889	freeze-drying technique	867:889	freeze-drying technique	867:889	First, these scaffolds were produced via chemical cross-linking method and freeze-drying technique.
29114098	0	32	theme	Composite	14:22	arg1	Scaffold					24:31	Composite Scaffold	14:31	Composite Scaffold	14:31	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	10	33	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1406:1416	arg1	conclude					1421:1428	conclude	1421:1428	conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice	1421:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	5	34	dep	cross-linking	842:854	arg1	method					856:861	method	856:861	method	856:861	First, these scaffolds were produced via chemical cross-linking method and freeze-drying technique.
29114098	2	35	theme	engineering	355:365	arg1	reconstruction					330:343	reconstruction	330:343	reconstruction of tissue engineering	330:365	Both silk fibroin (SF) and chitosan (Cs) are biocompatible and actively studied for reconstruction of tissue engineering.
29114098	0	36	theme	Silk	44:47	arg1	Fibroin					49:55	Silk Fibroin	44:55	Silk Fibroin	44:55	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	6	37	theme	scanning	959:966	arg1	microscopy					977:986	scanning electron microscopy	959:986	scanning electron microscopy	959:986	Next, the characterization of internal structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and the porosity was evaluated by liquid displacement method.
29114098	10	38	theme	bone	1547:1550	arg1	regeneration					1552:1563	bone regeneration	1547:1563	bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice	1547:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	2	39	theme	tissue	348:353	arg1	engineering					355:365	tissue engineering	348:365	tissue engineering	348:365	Both silk fibroin (SF) and chitosan (Cs) are biocompatible and actively studied for reconstruction of tissue engineering.
29114098	0	40	theme	Tissue	109:114	arg1	Regeneration					116:127	Bone Tissue Regeneration	104:127	Bone Tissue Regeneration	104:127	Production of Composite Scaffold Containing Silk Fibroin, Chitosan, and Gelatin for 3D Cell Culture and Bone Tissue Regeneration.
29114098	4	41	theme	scaffolds	712:720	arg1	characterization					686:701	biological characterization	675:701	their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds	625:720	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	4	41	theme	scaffolds	712:720	arg1	properties					653:662	their physical and chemical properties	625:662	their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds	625:720	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	1	42	theme	bone	191:194	arg1	defects					196:202	bone defects	191:202	bone defects	191:202	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	8	43	theme	MC3T3-E1	1160:1167	arg1	cells					1169:1173	MC3T3-E1 cells	1160:1173	MC3T3-E1 cells	1160:1173	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	7	44	theme	degradation	1129:1139	arg1	property					1141:1148	degradation property	1129:1148	degradation property	1129:1148	Then, we compared physicochemical properties such as water absorption rate and degradation property.
29114098	3	45	theme	biomedical	412:421	arg1	field					423:427	the biomedical field	408:427	the biomedical field due to its low antigenicity and physicochemical stability	408:485	Gelatin (Gel) is also widely applied in the biomedical field due to its low antigenicity and physicochemical stability.
29114098	10	46	theme	clinical	1620:1627	arg1	practice					1629:1636	clinical practice	1620:1636	clinical practice	1620:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	47	theme	MC3T3-E1	1477:1484	arg1	cells					1486:1490	MC3T3-E1 cells	1477:1490	MC3T3-E1 cells	1477:1490	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	48	theme	best	1439:1442	arg1	scaffold					1444:1451	the best scaffold	1435:1451	the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells	1435:1490	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	48	theme	best	1439:1442	arg1	scaffold					1509:1516	our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold	1495:1516	our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold	1495:1516	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	8	49	dep	three-dimensional	1262:1278	arg1	3D					1281:1282	3D	1281:1282	3D	1281:1282	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	9	50	theme	composite	1317:1325	arg1	scaffold					1327:1334	The composite scaffold	1313:1334	RESULTS The composite scaffold formed by all 3 components	1305:1361	RESULTS The composite scaffold formed by all 3 components was the best for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	4	51	theme	different	526:534	arg1	types					536:540	4 different types	524:540	4 different types of scaffolds	524:553	MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 4 different types of scaffolds were constructed - SF, SF/Cs, SF/Gel, and SF/Cs/Gel - and we compared their physical and chemical properties as well as biological characterization of these scaffolds to determine the most suitable scaffold for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	3	52	theme	physicochemical	461:475	arg1	stability					477:485	physicochemical stability	461:485	physicochemical stability	461:485	Gelatin (Gel) is also widely applied in the biomedical field due to its low antigenicity and physicochemical stability.
29114098	1	53	theme	BACKGROUND	130:139	arg1	engineering					153:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering	130:163	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	1	53	theme	BACKGROUND	130:139	arg1	tool					177:180	a powerful tool	166:180	a powerful tool to treat bone defects	166:202	BACKGROUND Bone tissue engineering, a powerful tool to treat bone defects, is highly dependent on use of scaffolds.
29114098	6	54	theme	liquid	1022:1027	arg1	method					1042:1047	liquid displacement method	1022:1047	liquid displacement method	1022:1047	Next, the characterization of internal structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and the porosity was evaluated by liquid displacement method.
29114098	8	55	dep	biocompatibility	1221:1236	arg1	the					1217:1219	the	1217:1219	the	1217:1219	Finally, MC3T3-E1 cells were inoculated on the scaffolds to study the biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in vitro.
29114098	9	56	from	use	1380:1382	arg1	regeneration					1392:1403	bone regeneration	1387:1403	bone regeneration	1387:1403	RESULTS The composite scaffold formed by all 3 components was the best for use in bone regeneration.
29114098	6	57	theme	displacement	1029:1040	arg1	method					1042:1047	liquid displacement method	1022:1047	liquid displacement method	1022:1047	Next, the characterization of internal structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and the porosity was evaluated by liquid displacement method.
29114098	6	58	theme	structure	931:939	arg1	characterization					902:917	the characterization	898:917	the characterization of internal structure	898:939	Next, the characterization of internal structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and the porosity was evaluated by liquid displacement method.
29114098	10	59	theme	new	1532:1534	arg1	choice					1536:1541	a new choice	1530:1541	a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice	1530:1636	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	60	theme	SF/Cs/Gel	1499:1507	arg1	scaffold					1444:1451	the best scaffold	1435:1451	the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells	1435:1490	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	10	60	theme	SF/Cs/Gel	1499:1507	arg1	scaffold					1509:1516	our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold	1495:1516	our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold	1495:1516	CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the best scaffold among the 4 studied for MC3T3-E1 cells is our SF/Cs/Gel scaffold, suggesting a new choice for bone regeneration that can be used to treat bone defects or fractures in clinical practice.
29114098	3	61	theme	low	440:442	arg1	antigenicity					444:455	its low antigenicity	436:455	its low antigenicity	436:455	Gelatin (Gel) is also widely applied in the biomedical field due to its low antigenicity and physicochemical stability.
29114098	6	62	theme	internal	922:929	arg1	structure					931:939	internal structure	922:939	internal structure	922:939	Next, the characterization of internal structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and the porosity was evaluated by liquid displacement method.
28437729	2	0	theme	rapa	619:622	arg1	germination					585:595	germination	585:595	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum	585:641	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	3	1	theme	233.6±12.1nm	694:705	arg1	size					686:689	an average size	675:689	an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	675:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	4	2	theme	zeta	852:855	arg1	potential					857:865	zeta potential	852:865	zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV	852:881	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	1	3	theme	few	259:261	arg1	studies					263:269	few studies	259:269	few studies	259:269	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	2	4	theme	sativum	635:641	arg1	germination					585:595	germination	585:595	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum	585:641	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	9	5	theme	nanoparticles	1462:1474	arg1	potential					1432:1440	the phytotoxic potential	1417:1440	the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants	1417:1489	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	6	6	theme	tested	1153:1158	arg1	species					1160:1166	all tested species	1149:1166	all tested species	1149:1166	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	2	7	theme	nanoparticles	568:580	arg1	concentrations					544:557	different concentrations	534:557	different concentrations of these nanoparticles	534:580	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	8	8	theme	opposite	1262:1269	arg1	charges					1271:1277	the opposite charges	1258:1277	the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles	1258:1309	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	3	9	theme	0.30±0.02	738:746	arg1	PDI					730:732	PDI	730:732	PDI	730:732	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	9	theme	0.30±0.02	738:746	arg1	233.6±12.1nm					694:705	233.6±12.1nm	694:705	233.6±12.1nm	694:705	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	9	theme	0.30±0.02	738:746	arg1	index					723:727	polydispersity index	708:727	polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02	708:746	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	9	theme	0.30±0.02	738:746	arg1	potential					758:766	zeta potential	753:766	zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	753:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	1	10	theme	metallic	196:203	arg1	nanoparticles					216:228	many metallic and carbon nanoparticles	191:228	many metallic and carbon nanoparticles	191:228	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	3	11	theme	+21.4±1.7mV	771:781	arg1	PDI					730:732	PDI	730:732	PDI	730:732	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	11	theme	+21.4±1.7mV	771:781	arg1	233.6±12.1nm					694:705	233.6±12.1nm	694:705	233.6±12.1nm	694:705	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	11	theme	+21.4±1.7mV	771:781	arg1	index					723:727	polydispersity index	708:727	polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02	708:746	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	11	theme	+21.4±1.7mV	771:781	arg1	potential					758:766	zeta potential	753:766	zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	753:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	0	12	theme	rapa	132:135	arg1	germination					98:108	germination	98:108	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum	98:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	9	13	theme	further	1508:1514	arg1	investigation					1516:1528	further investigation	1508:1528	further investigation	1508:1528	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	8	14	theme	different	1223:1231	arg1	size					1233:1236	The different size	1219:1236	The different size	1219:1236	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	2	15	theme	Zea	600:602	arg1	mays					604:607	Zea mays	600:607	Zea mays	600:607	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	3	16	theme	potential	758:766	arg1	size					686:689	an average size	675:689	an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	675:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	0	17	theme	Pisum	141:145	arg1	sativum					147:153	Pisum sativum	141:153	Pisum sativum	141:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	5	18	theme	concentrations	931:944	arg1	determination					914:926	determination	914:926	determination of concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL	914:1007	Nanotracking analysis enabled determination of concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL.
28437729	9	19	from	use	1596:1598	arg1	systems					1616:1622	agricultural systems	1603:1622	agricultural systems	1603:1622	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	0	20	from	germination	98:108	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.	0:154	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	21	theme	solid	69:73	arg1	nanoparticles					81:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	22	theme	nanoparticles	81:93	arg1	effects					18:24	the effects	14:24	the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum	14:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	1	23	theme	lipid	332:336	arg1	nanoparticles					338:350	polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	312:350	polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	312:350	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	9	24	theme	such	1558:1561	arg1	formulations					1563:1574	such formulations	1558:1574	such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems	1558:1622	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	2	25	theme	different	534:542	arg1	concentrations					544:557	different concentrations	534:557	different concentrations of these nanoparticles	534:580	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	26	from	Evaluation	0:9	arg1	germination					98:108	germination	98:108	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum	98:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	8	27	theme	differential	1340:1351	arg1	phytotoxicity					1353:1365	the differential phytotoxicity	1336:1365	the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials	1336:1388	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	7	28	theme	phytotoxic	1199:1208	arg1	effects					1210:1216	no phytotoxic effects	1196:1216	no phytotoxic effects	1196:1216	Differently, SLN presented no phytotoxic effects.
28437729	0	29	theme	Zea	113:115	arg1	mays					117:120	Zea mays	113:120	Zea mays	113:120	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	9	30	theme	future	1589:1594	arg1	use					1596:1598	future use	1589:1598	future use in agricultural systems	1589:1622	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	8	31	theme	nanomaterials	1376:1388	arg1	phytotoxicity					1353:1365	the differential phytotoxicity	1336:1365	the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials	1336:1388	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	5	32	theme	1.33×1010	949:957	arg1	nanoparticles					988:1000	1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles	949:1000	1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL	949:1007	Nanotracking analysis enabled determination of concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL.
28437729	9	33	theme	polymeric	1445:1453	arg1	nanoparticles					1462:1474	polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles	1445:1474	polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles	1445:1474	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	6	34	theme	CS/TPP	1034:1039	arg1	nanoparticles					1041:1053	CS/TPP nanoparticles	1034:1053	CS/TPP nanoparticles	1034:1053	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	1	35	theme	phytotoxic	290:299	arg1	effects					301:307	the phytotoxic effects	286:307	the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	286:350	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	2	36	theme	lipid	479:483	arg1	SLN					500:502	SLN	500:502	SLN	500:502	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	36	theme	lipid	479:483	arg1	nanoparticles					485:497	solid lipid nanoparticles	473:497	solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN)	473:503	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	3	37	theme	CS/TPP	644:649	arg1	nanoparticles					651:663	CS/TPP nanoparticles	644:663	CS/TPP nanoparticles	644:663	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	0	38	theme	chitosan/tripolyphosphate	39:63	arg1	nanoparticles					81:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	1	39	theme	nanoparticles	216:228	arg1	toxicity					179:186	the potential toxicity	165:186	the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants	165:238	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	3	40	theme	average	678:684	arg1	size					686:689	an average size	675:689	an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	675:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	4	41	theme	average	798:804	arg1	size					806:809	an average size	795:809	an average size of 323.25±41.4nm	795:826	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	1	42	theme	potential	169:177	arg1	toxicity					179:186	the potential toxicity	165:186	the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants	165:238	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	8	43	dep	SLN	1282:1284	arg1	nanoparticles					1297:1309	nanoparticles	1297:1309	nanoparticles	1297:1309	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	3	44	theme	index	723:727	arg1	size					686:689	an average size	675:689	an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	675:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	9	45	theme	phytotoxic	1421:1430	arg1	potential					1432:1440	the phytotoxic potential	1417:1440	the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants	1417:1489	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	2	46	theme	Brassica	610:617	arg1	rapa					619:622	Brassica rapa	610:622	Brassica rapa	610:622	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	6	47	theme	germination	1085:1095	arg1	inhibition					1071:1080	complete inhibition	1062:1080	complete inhibition of germination	1062:1095	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	2	48	theme	mays	604:607	arg1	germination					585:595	germination	585:595	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum	585:641	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	9	49	theme	CS/TPP	1455:1460	arg1	nanoparticles					1462:1474	polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles	1445:1474	polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles	1445:1474	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	2	50	theme	Pisum	629:633	arg1	sativum					635:641	Pisum sativum	629:641	Pisum sativum	629:641	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	6	51	theme	species	1160:1166	arg1	growth					1139:1144	the initial growth	1127:1144	the initial growth of all tested species	1127:1166	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	4	52	theme	0.23±0.103	836:845	arg1	PDI					829:831	PDI	829:831	PDI of 0.23±0.103	829:845	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	4	52	theme	0.23±0.103	836:845	arg1	potential					857:865	zeta potential	852:865	zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV	852:881	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	4	52	theme	0.23±0.103	836:845	arg1	size					806:809	an average size	795:809	an average size of 323.25±41.4nm	795:826	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	3	53	theme	zeta	753:756	arg1	potential					758:766	zeta potential	753:766	zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV	753:781	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	0	54	theme	Brassica	123:130	arg1	rapa					132:135	Brassica rapa	123:135	Brassica rapa	123:135	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	1	55	theme	many	191:194	arg1	nanoparticles					216:228	many metallic and carbon nanoparticles	191:228	many metallic and carbon nanoparticles	191:228	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	2	56	theme	concentrations	544:557	arg1	effects					523:529	the effects	519:529	the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum	519:641	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	57	theme	sativum	147:153	arg1	germination					98:108	germination	98:108	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum	98:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	4	58	theme	-13.25±3.2mV	870:881	arg1	PDI					829:831	PDI	829:831	PDI of 0.23±0.103	829:845	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	4	58	theme	-13.25±3.2mV	870:881	arg1	potential					857:865	zeta potential	852:865	zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV	852:881	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	4	58	theme	-13.25±3.2mV	870:881	arg1	size					806:809	an average size	795:809	an average size of 323.25±41.4nm	795:826	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	2	59	from	effects	523:529	arg1	germination					585:595	germination	585:595	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum	585:641	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	8	60	theme	SLN	1282:1284	arg1	composition					1242:1252	composition	1242:1252	composition	1242:1252	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	8	60	theme	SLN	1282:1284	arg1	size					1233:1236	The different size	1219:1236	The different size	1219:1236	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	8	60	theme	SLN	1282:1284	arg1	charges					1271:1277	the opposite charges	1258:1277	the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles	1258:1309	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	6	61	theme	high	1013:1016	arg1	concentrations					1018:1031	high concentrations	1013:1031	high concentrations	1013:1031	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	8	62	theme	CS/TPP	1290:1295	arg1	composition					1242:1252	composition	1242:1252	composition	1242:1252	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	8	62	theme	CS/TPP	1290:1295	arg1	size					1233:1236	The different size	1219:1236	The different size	1219:1236	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	8	62	theme	CS/TPP	1290:1295	arg1	charges					1271:1277	the opposite charges	1258:1277	the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles	1258:1309	The different size and composition and the opposite charges of SLN and CS/TPP nanoparticles could be associated with the differential phytotoxicity of these nanomaterials.
28437729	0	63	theme	lipid	75:79	arg1	nanoparticles					81:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	64	from	effects	18:24	arg1	germination					98:108	germination	98:108	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum	98:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	9	65	theme	present	1395:1401	arg1	study					1403:1407	The present study	1391:1407	The present study	1391:1407	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	1	66	theme	solid	326:330	arg1	nanoparticles					338:350	polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	312:350	polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	312:350	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	5	67	theme	Nanotracking	884:895	arg1	analysis					897:904	Nanotracking analysis	884:904	Nanotracking analysis	884:904	Nanotracking analysis enabled determination of concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL.
28437729	1	68	theme	nanoparticles	338:350	arg1	effects					301:307	the phytotoxic effects	286:307	the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	286:350	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	9	69	theme	formulations	1563:1574	arg1	effects					1547:1553	the effects	1543:1553	the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems	1543:1622	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	0	70	theme	mays	117:120	arg1	germination					98:108	germination	98:108	germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum	98:153	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	5	71	theme	3.64×1012	972:980	arg1	nanoparticles					988:1000	1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles	949:1000	1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL	949:1007	Nanotracking analysis enabled determination of concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL.
28437729	6	72	theme	complete	1062:1069	arg1	inhibition					1071:1080	complete inhibition	1062:1080	complete inhibition of germination	1062:1095	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	2	73	theme	nanoparticles	455:467	arg1	preparation					384:394	preparation	384:394	preparation	384:394	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	73	theme	nanoparticles	455:467	arg1	characterization					400:415	characterization	400:415	characterization	400:415	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	74	theme	effects	18:24	arg1	Evaluation					0:9	Evaluation	0:9	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.	0:154	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	9	75	theme	agricultural	1603:1614	arg1	systems					1616:1622	agricultural systems	1603:1622	agricultural systems	1603:1622	The present study reports the phytotoxic potential of polymeric CS/TPP nanoparticles towards plants, indicating that further investigation is needed on the effects of such formulations intended for future use in agricultural systems, in order to avoid damage to the environment.
28437729	2	76	theme	CS/TPP	447:452	arg1	nanoparticles					455:467	chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles	420:467	chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles	420:467	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	77	theme	chitosan/tripolyphosphate	420:444	arg1	nanoparticles					455:467	chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles	420:467	chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles	420:467	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	0	78	theme	polymeric	29:37	arg1	nanoparticles					81:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles	29:93	Evaluation of the effects of polymeric chitosan/tripolyphosphate and solid lipid nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	79	theme	nanoparticles	485:497	arg1	preparation					384:394	preparation	384:394	preparation	384:394	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	79	theme	nanoparticles	485:497	arg1	characterization					400:415	characterization	400:415	characterization	400:415	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	6	80	theme	initial	1131:1137	arg1	growth					1139:1144	the initial growth	1127:1144	the initial growth of all tested species	1127:1166	At high concentrations, CS/TPP nanoparticles caused complete inhibition of germination, and thus negatively affected the initial growth of all tested species.
28437729	2	81	theme	solid	473:477	arg1	SLN					500:502	SLN	500:502	SLN	500:502	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	81	theme	solid	473:477	arg1	nanoparticles					485:497	solid lipid nanoparticles	473:497	solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN)	473:503	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	4	82	theme	323.25±41.4nm	814:826	arg1	PDI					829:831	PDI	829:831	PDI of 0.23±0.103	829:845	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	4	82	theme	323.25±41.4nm	814:826	arg1	potential					857:865	zeta potential	852:865	zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV	852:881	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	4	82	theme	323.25±41.4nm	814:826	arg1	size					806:809	an average size	795:809	an average size of 323.25±41.4nm	795:826	SLN showed an average size of 323.25±41.4nm, PDI of 0.23±0.103, and zeta potential of -13.25±3.2mV.
28437729	1	83	theme	polymeric	312:320	arg1	nanoparticles					338:350	polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	312:350	polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles	312:350	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	1	84	theme	carbon	209:214	arg1	nanoparticles					216:228	many metallic and carbon nanoparticles	191:228	many metallic and carbon nanoparticles	191:228	Although the potential toxicity of many metallic and carbon nanoparticles to plants has been reported, few studies have evaluated the phytotoxic effects of polymeric and solid lipid nanoparticles.
28437729	5	85	theme	nanoparticles	988:1000	arg1	concentrations					931:944	concentrations	931:944	concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL	931:1007	Nanotracking analysis enabled determination of concentrations of 1.33×1010 (CS/TPP) and 3.64×1012 (SLN) nanoparticles per mL.
28437729	3	86	theme	polydispersity	708:721	arg1	PDI					730:732	PDI	730:732	PDI	730:732	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	3	86	theme	polydispersity	708:721	arg1	index					723:727	polydispersity index	708:727	polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02	708:746	CS/TPP nanoparticles presented an average size of 233.6±12.1nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.30±0.02, and zeta potential of +21.4±1.7mV.
28437729	2	87	dep	preparation	384:394	arg1	the					380:382	the	380:382	the	380:382	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28437729	2	88	theme	present	357:363	arg1	work					365:368	The present work	353:368	The present work	353:368	The present work described the preparation and characterization of chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and evaluated the effects of different concentrations of these nanoparticles on germination of Zea mays, Brassica rapa, and Pisum sativum.
28644917	2	0	theme	leaf	437:440	arg1	2.4 d					463:467	2.4 d	463:467	2.4 d	463:467	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	0	theme	leaf	437:440	arg1	interval					453:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval	411:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	411:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	3	1	with	7 d	761:763	arg1	labelling					790:798	simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	770:798	simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	770:798	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	7	2	theme	carbon	1300:1305	arg1	incorporation					1307:1319	carbon incorporation	1300:1319	carbon incorporation in cellulose	1300:1332	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	3	3	theme	simultaneous	770:781	arg1	labelling					790:798	simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	770:798	simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	770:798	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	2	4	theme	C4	485:486	arg1	squarrosa					508:516	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	1	5	theme	tree	300:303	arg1	rings					305:309	tree rings	300:309	tree rings	300:309	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	2	6	theme	OCel	583:586	arg1	records					588:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records	558:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD)	558:627	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	6	7	theme	oxygen	1060:1065	arg1	incorporation					1067:1079	oxygen incorporation	1060:1079	oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose	1060:1103	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	7	8	from	oxygen	1289:1294	arg1	cellulose					1324:1332	cellulose	1324:1332	cellulose	1324:1332	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	1	9	theme	cellulose	241:249	arg1	composition					226:236	the oxygen isotope composition	207:236	the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives	207:284	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	3	10	dep	high	664:667	arg1	1.58 kPa					670:677	1.58 kPa	670:677	1.58 kPa	670:677	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	8	11	theme	C. squarrosa	1376:1387	arg1	tillers					1365:1371	tillers	1365:1371	tillers of C. squarrosa	1365:1387	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	2	12	theme	δ18	579:581	arg1	records					588:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records	558:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD)	558:627	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	7	13	theme	new	1285:1287	arg1	oxygen					1289:1294	new oxygen	1285:1294	new oxygen	1285:1294	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	3	14	theme	CO2	786:788	arg1	labelling					790:798	simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	770:798	simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	770:798	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	3	15	theme	low	646:648	arg1	VPD					680:682	low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD	646:682	low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD	646:682	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	6	16	theme	Cellulose	1126:1134	arg1	deposition					1136:1145	7 d. Cellulose deposition	1121:1145	7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion	1121:1195	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	2	17	theme	time-resolved	565:577	arg1	records					588:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records	558:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD)	558:627	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	7	18	theme	differential	1262:1273	arg1	effect					1275:1280	no differential effect	1259:1280	no differential effect	1259:1280	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	3	19	theme	VPD	705:707	arg1	environments					709:720	VPD environments	705:720	VPD environments	705:720	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	6	20	theme	7 d.	1121:1124	arg1	deposition					1136:1145	7 d. Cellulose deposition	1121:1145	7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion	1121:1195	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	2	21	theme	deficit	615:621	arg1	records					588:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records	558:594	highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD)	558:627	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	8	22	theme	hydrological	1456:1467	arg1	dynamics					1469:1476	short-term hydrological dynamics	1445:1476	short-term hydrological dynamics	1445:1476	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	1	23	theme	palaeo	149:154	arg1	information					169:179	(palaeo)hydrological information	148:179	(palaeo)hydrological information	148:179	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	0	24	theme	oxygen	3:8	arg1	chronometer					18:28	An oxygen isotope chronometer	0:28	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.	0:119	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	2	25	theme	predictable	425:435	arg1	2.4 d					463:467	2.4 d	463:467	2.4 d	463:467	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	25	theme	predictable	425:435	arg1	interval					453:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval	411:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	411:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	8	26	theme	short-term	1445:1454	arg1	dynamics					1469:1476	short-term hydrological dynamics	1445:1476	short-term hydrological dynamics	1445:1476	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	2	27	theme	pressure	606:613	arg1	VPD					624:626	VPD	624:626	VPD	624:626	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	27	theme	pressure	606:613	arg1	deficit					615:621	vapour pressure deficit	599:621	vapour pressure deficit (VPD)	599:627	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	28	theme	squarrosa	508:516	arg1	2.4 d					463:467	2.4 d	463:467	2.4 d	463:467	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	28	theme	squarrosa	508:516	arg1	interval					453:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval	411:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	411:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	6	29	theme	leaf	970:973	arg1	elongation					975:984	most-active leaf elongation	958:984	most-active leaf elongation	958:984	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	2	30	theme	perennial	475:483	arg1	squarrosa					508:516	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	8	31	theme	OCel	1403:1406	arg1	record					1408:1413	a δ18 OCel record	1397:1413	a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics	1397:1476	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	2	32	theme	vapour	599:604	arg1	VPD					624:626	VPD	624:626	VPD	624:626	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	32	theme	vapour	599:604	arg1	deficit					615:621	vapour pressure deficit	599:621	vapour pressure deficit (VPD)	599:627	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	1	33	theme	hydrological	156:167	arg1	information					169:179	(palaeo)hydrological information	148:179	(palaeo)hydrological information	148:179	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	6	34	theme	carbon	1049:1054	arg1	6.6 d					1026:1030	6.6 d	1026:1030	6.6 d	1026:1030	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	34	theme	carbon	1049:1054	arg1	%					1040:1040	~80%	1037:1040	~80% of all carbon	1037:1054	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	34	theme	carbon	1049:1054	arg1	carbon					1049:1054	all carbon	1045:1054	all carbon	1045:1054	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	0	35	theme	perennial	104:112	arg1	grass					114:118	a C4 perennial grass	99:118	a C4 perennial grass	99:118	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	0	36	dep	successive	60:69	arg1	leaves					71:76	leaves	71:76	leaves	71:76	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	1	37	theme	information	169:179	arg1	series					138:143	Multiannual time series	121:143	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information	121:179	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	0	38	theme	isotope	10:16	arg1	chronometer					18:28	An oxygen isotope chronometer	0:28	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.	0:119	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	8	39	theme	useful	1415:1420	arg1	record					1408:1413	a δ18 OCel record	1397:1413	a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics	1397:1476	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	0	40	theme	C4	101:102	arg1	grass					114:118	a C4 perennial grass	99:118	a C4 perennial grass	99:118	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	7	41	from	incorporation	1307:1319	arg1	cellulose					1324:1332	cellulose	1324:1332	cellulose	1324:1332	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	0	42	theme	cellulose	34:42	arg1	deposition					44:53	cellulose deposition	34:53	cellulose deposition	34:53	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	6	43	theme	final	1005:1009	arg1	length					1011:1016	final length	1005:1016	final length	1005:1016	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	1	44	from	composition	226:236	arg1	archives					277:284	biological archives	266:284	biological archives	266:284	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	7	45	theme	VPD	1250:1252	arg1	direction					1202:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	6	46	theme	most-active	958:968	arg1	elongation					975:984	most-active leaf elongation	958:984	most-active leaf elongation	958:984	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	2	47	theme	short	415:419	arg1	2.4 d					463:467	2.4 d	463:467	2.4 d	463:467	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	47	theme	short	415:419	arg1	interval					453:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval	411:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	411:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	1	48	theme	biological	266:275	arg1	archives					277:284	biological archives	266:284	biological archives	266:284	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	0	49	theme	grass	114:118	arg1	tillers					88:94	tillers	88:94	tillers of a C4 perennial grass	88:118	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	6	50	theme	leaf	1182:1185	arg1	expansion					1187:1195	full leaf expansion	1177:1195	(or shortly after) full leaf expansion	1158:1195	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	51	theme	whole-leaf	1084:1093	arg1	cellulose					1095:1103	whole-leaf cellulose	1084:1103	whole-leaf cellulose	1084:1103	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	4	52	theme	individual	849:858	arg1	tillers					860:866	individual tillers	849:866	individual tillers	849:866	Then, leaves were sampled by age/position along individual tillers.
28644917	6	53	dep	90	998:999	arg1	to					995:996	to	995:996	to	995:996	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	54	from	%	1000:1000	arg1	period					948:953	The period	944:953	The period	944:953	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	55	theme	length	1011:1016	arg1	%					1000:1000	10 to 90%	992:1000	10 to 90% of final length	992:1016	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	55	theme	length	1011:1016	arg1	length					1011:1016	final length	1005:1016	final length	1005:1016	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	6	56	theme	full	1177:1180	arg1	expansion					1187:1195	full leaf expansion	1177:1195	(or shortly after) full leaf expansion	1158:1195	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	3	57	theme	high	664:667	arg1	VPD					680:682	low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD	646:682	low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD	646:682	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	2	58	theme	grass	488:492	arg1	squarrosa					508:516	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	7	59	theme	low-to-high	1223:1233	arg1	direction					1202:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	5	60	dep	Five	869:872	arg1	leaves					874:879	leaves	874:879	leaves at different developmental stages	874:913	Five leaves at different developmental stages were growing simultaneously.
28644917	3	61	theme	new	741:743	arg1	environment					745:755	the new environment	737:755	the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling	737:798	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	3	62	dep	low	646:648	arg1	0.63 kPa					651:658	0.63 kPa	651:658	0.63 kPa	651:658	Plants grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD were swapped between VPD environments and exposed to the new environment for 7 d with simultaneous 13 CO2 labelling.
28644917	2	63	theme	Cleistogenes	495:506	arg1	squarrosa					508:516	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	473:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	1	64	theme	subannual	365:373	arg1	scale					375:379	subannual scale	365:379	subannual scale	365:379	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	0	65	dep	chronometer	18:28	arg1	successive					60:69	successive	60:69	successive	60:69	An oxygen isotope chronometer for cellulose deposition: the successive leaves formed by tillers of a C4 perennial grass.
28644917	7	66	theme	high-to-low	1238:1248	arg1	VPD					1250:1252	high-to-low VPD	1238:1252	high-to-low VPD	1238:1252	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	6	67	from	incorporation	1067:1079	arg1	cellulose					1095:1103	whole-leaf cellulose	1084:1103	whole-leaf cellulose	1084:1103	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	8	68	theme	dynamics	1469:1476	arg1	reconstructions					1426:1440	reconstructions	1426:1440	reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics	1426:1476	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	8	69	dep	Successive	1335:1344	arg1	leaves					1346:1351	leaves	1346:1351	leaves	1346:1351	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	7	70	contain	had	1255:1257	arg2	effect					1275:1280	no differential effect	1259:1280	no differential effect	1259:1280	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	7	70	contain	had	1255:1257	arg1	direction					1202:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	7	71	theme	change	1215:1220	arg1	direction					1202:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction	1198:1210	The direction of change, low-to-high or high-to-low VPD, had no differential effect on new oxygen and carbon incorporation in cellulose.
28644917	6	72	dep	after	1170:1174	arg1	shortly					1162:1168	shortly	1162:1168	shortly	1162:1168	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	1	73	from	scale	375:379	arg1	information					350:360	information	350:360	information at subannual scale	350:379	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	5	74	theme	different	884:892	arg1	stages					908:913	different developmental stages	884:913	different developmental stages	884:913	Five leaves at different developmental stages were growing simultaneously.
28644917	8	75	theme	δ18	1399:1401	arg1	record					1408:1413	a δ18 OCel record	1397:1413	a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics	1397:1476	Successive leaves produced by tillers of C. squarrosa provide a δ18 OCel record useful for reconstructions of short-term hydrological dynamics.
28644917	1	76	theme	Multiannual	121:131	arg1	series					138:143	Multiannual time series	121:143	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information	121:179	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	6	77	theme	elongation	975:984	arg1	period					948:953	The period	944:953	The period	944:953	The period of most-active leaf elongation, from 10 to 90% of final length, lasted 6.6 d, and ~80% of all carbon and oxygen incorporation in whole-leaf cellulose occurred within 7 d. Cellulose deposition stopped at (or shortly after) full leaf expansion.
28644917	1	78	theme	oxygen	211:216	arg1	composition					226:236	the oxygen isotope composition	207:236	the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives	207:284	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	2	79	theme	appearance	442:451	arg1	2.4 d					463:467	2.4 d	463:467	2.4 d	463:467	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	2	79	theme	appearance	442:451	arg1	interval					453:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval	411:460	the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	411:517	We capitalized on the short and predictable leaf appearance interval (2.4 d) of a perennial C4 grass (Cleistogenes squarrosa), to assess its potential for providing highly time-resolved δ18 OCel records of vapour pressure deficit (VPD).
28644917	5	80	theme	developmental	894:906	arg1	stages					908:913	different developmental stages	884:913	different developmental stages	884:913	Five leaves at different developmental stages were growing simultaneously.
28644917	1	81	theme	time	133:136	arg1	series					138:143	Multiannual time series	121:143	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information	121:179	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
28644917	1	82	theme	isotope	218:224	arg1	composition					226:236	the oxygen isotope composition	207:236	the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives	207:284	Multiannual time series of (palaeo)hydrological information can be reconstructed from the oxygen isotope composition of cellulose (δ18 OCel ) in biological archives, for example, tree rings, but our ability to temporally resolve information at subannual scale is limited.
25907007	0	0	theme	hyperspectral	103:115	arg1	imaging					117:123	multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging	76:123	multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging	76:123	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	1	1	theme	products	370:377	arg1	quality					349:355	quality	349:355	quality of the final products	349:377	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	1	2	theme	solid-state	182:192	arg1	stability					194:202	the solid-state stability	178:202	the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage	178:317	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	4	3	from	transformations	1005:1019	arg1	pixels					1028:1033	the pixels	1024:1033	the pixels	1024:1033	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	0	4	theme	near-infrared	89:101	arg1	imaging					117:123	multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging	76:123	multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging	76:123	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	1	5	theme	stability	194:202	arg1	mandatory					322:330	mandatory	322:330	mandatory	322:330	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	1	5	theme	stability	194:202	arg1	assessment					164:173	The assessment	160:173	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage	160:317	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	6	6	theme	compound	1509:1516	arg1	heterogeneity					1487:1499	the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity	1468:1499	the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets	1468:1546	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	0	7	from	Monitoring	0:9	arg1	surfaces					61:68	tablet surfaces	54:68	tablet surfaces	54:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	2	8	dep	forms	519:523	arg1	anhydrate					540:548	anhydrate	540:548	anhydrate	540:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	2	8	dep	forms	519:523	arg1	monohydrate					525:535	monohydrate	525:535	monohydrate	525:535	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	2	8	dep	forms	519:523	arg1	forms					519:523	the lactose forms	507:523	the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	507:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	1	9	from	stability	194:202	arg1	forms					280:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	6	10	theme	thermogravimetric	1401:1417	arg1	analysis					1419:1426	thermogravimetric analysis	1401:1426	thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets	1401:1441	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	0	11	from	surfaces	61:68	arg1	Monitoring					0:9	Monitoring	0:9	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces	0:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	0	11	from	surfaces	61:68	arg1	transformations					35:49	multiple solid-state transformations	14:49	multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces	14:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	0	12	theme	curve	142:146	arg1	resolution					148:157	multivariate curve resolution	129:157	multivariate curve resolution	129:157	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	5	13	theme	piroxicam	1155:1163	arg1	monohydrates					1177:1188	piroxicam and lactose monohydrates	1155:1188	piroxicam and lactose monohydrates	1155:1188	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	0	14	theme	multivariate	129:140	arg1	resolution					148:157	multivariate curve resolution	129:157	multivariate curve resolution	129:157	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	3	15	theme	transformations	764:778	arg1	evolution					735:743	the local evolution	725:743	the local evolution of the solid-state transformations	725:778	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	4	16	from	images	815:820	arg1	spectra					798:804	The preprocessed spectra	781:804	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset)	781:830	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	1	17	theme	active	207:212	arg1	API					241:243	API	241:243	API	241:243	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	1	17	theme	active	207:212	arg1	ingredient					229:238	active pharmaceutical ingredient	207:238	active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)	207:244	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	2	18	theme	polyvinylpyrrolidone	482:501	arg1	blends					449:454	blends	449:454	blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	449:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	5	19	theme	lactose	1169:1175	arg1	monohydrates					1177:1188	piroxicam and lactose monohydrates	1155:1188	piroxicam and lactose monohydrates	1155:1188	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	4	20	theme	tablets	905:911	arg1	composition					886:896	the composition	882:896	the composition of the tablets	882:911	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	5	21	dep	transformed	1309:1319	arg1	°C					1344:1345	80-120 °C	1337:1345	80-120 °C	1337:1345	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	6	22	gly	heterogeneity	1487:1499	arg1	compound					1509:1516	each compound	1504:1516	each compound	1504:1516	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	5	23	dep	samples	1224:1230	arg1	variances					1243:1251	explained variances	1233:1251	explained variances by the models >96%	1233:1270	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	1	24	theme	pharmaceutical	214:227	arg1	API					241:243	API	241:243	API	241:243	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	1	24	theme	pharmaceutical	214:227	arg1	ingredient					229:238	active pharmaceutical ingredient	207:238	active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)	207:244	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	4	25	dep	curve	1070:1074	arg1	MCR-ALS					1115:1121	MCR-ALS	1115:1121	MCR-ALS	1115:1121	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	25	dep	curve	1070:1074	arg1	squares					1106:1112	resolution--alternating least squares	1076:1112	multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS)	1057:1122	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	1	26	theme	ingredient	229:238	arg1	stability					194:202	the solid-state stability	178:202	the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage	178:317	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	0	27	theme	solid-state	23:33	arg1	transformations					35:49	multiple solid-state transformations	14:49	multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces	14:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	5	28	theme	explained	1233:1241	arg1	variances					1243:1251	explained variances	1233:1251	explained variances by the models >96%	1233:1270	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	4	29	theme	relative	959:966	arg1	compounds					948:956	the overlapped compounds	933:956	the overlapped compounds (relative concentration)	933:981	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	29	theme	relative	959:966	arg1	concentration					968:980	relative concentration	959:980	relative concentration	959:980	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	5	30	dep	variances	1243:1251	arg1	%					1270:1270	>96%	1267:1270	explained variances by the models >96%	1233:1270	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	0	31	theme	multiple	14:21	arg1	transformations					35:49	multiple solid-state transformations	14:49	multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces	14:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	6	32	theme	same	1375:1378	arg1	trends					1380:1385	the same trends	1371:1385	the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets	1371:1441	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	2	33	theme	forms	519:523	arg1	blends					449:454	blends	449:454	blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	449:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	1	34	from	forms	280:284	arg1	stability					194:202	the solid-state stability	178:202	the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage	178:317	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	3	35	theme	sample	704:709	arg1	surface					688:694	the surface	684:694	the surface of each sample	684:709	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	3	36	theme	hyperspectral	644:656	arg1	images					658:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images	617:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images	617:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	2	37	theme	solid-state	398:408	arg1	transformations					410:424	the solid-state transformations	394:424	the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	394:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	0	38	theme	transformations	35:49	arg1	Monitoring					0:9	Monitoring	0:9	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces	0:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	2	39	theme	lactose	511:517	arg1	anhydrate					540:548	anhydrate	540:548	anhydrate	540:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	2	39	theme	lactose	511:517	arg1	monohydrate					525:535	monohydrate	525:535	monohydrate	525:535	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	2	39	theme	lactose	511:517	arg1	forms					519:523	the lactose forms	507:523	the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	507:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	2	40	theme	monohydrate	469:479	arg1	blends					449:454	blends	449:454	blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	449:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	2	41	from	transformations	410:424	arg1	tablets					429:435	tablets	429:435	tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate	429:548	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	4	42	theme	solid-state	993:1003	arg1	transformations					1005:1019	the solid-state transformations	989:1019	the solid-state transformations in the pixels	989:1033	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	43	theme	multivariate	1057:1068	arg1	curve					1070:1074	multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS)	1057:1122	multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS)	1057:1122	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	44	theme	least	1100:1104	arg1	MCR-ALS					1115:1121	MCR-ALS	1115:1121	MCR-ALS	1115:1121	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	44	theme	least	1100:1104	arg1	squares					1106:1112	resolution--alternating least squares	1076:1112	multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS)	1057:1122	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	3	45	theme	Multi-series	617:628	arg1	images					658:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images	617:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images	617:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	2	46	theme	°C	607:608	arg1	range					610:614	the 23-120 °C range	596:614	the 23-120 °C range	596:614	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	0	47	theme	tablet	54:59	arg1	surfaces					61:68	tablet surfaces	54:68	tablet surfaces	54:68	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	5	48	theme	monohydrates	1177:1188	arg1	dehydration					1140:1150	the dehydration	1136:1150	the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates	1136:1188	Therefore, the dehydration of piroxicam and lactose monohydrates could be mapped separately in the samples (explained variances by the models >96%) even when both compounds were being transformed simultaneously (80-120 °C).
25907007	3	49	theme	near-infrared	630:642	arg1	images					658:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images	617:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images	617:663	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	6	50	theme	tablets	1540:1546	arg1	surface					1525:1531	the surface	1521:1531	the surface of the tablets	1521:1546	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	4	51	theme	augmented	849:857	arg1	matrices					859:866	augmented matrices	849:866	augmented matrices	849:866	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	1	52	from	excipients	253:262	arg1	forms					280:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	3	53	theme	local	729:733	arg1	evolution					735:743	the local evolution	725:743	the local evolution of the solid-state transformations	725:778	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	6	54	from	surface	1525:1531	arg1	heterogeneity					1487:1499	the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity	1468:1499	the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets	1468:1546	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	4	55	theme	preprocessed	785:796	arg1	spectra					798:804	The preprocessed spectra	781:804	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset)	781:830	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	1	56	theme	excipients	253:262	arg1	stability					194:202	the solid-state stability	178:202	the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage	178:317	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	4	57	theme	overlapped	937:946	arg1	compounds					948:956	the overlapped compounds	933:956	the overlapped compounds (relative concentration)	933:981	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	57	theme	overlapped	937:946	arg1	concentration					968:980	relative concentration	959:980	relative concentration	959:980	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	58	theme	compounds	948:956	arg1	profile					922:928	the profile	918:928	the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels	918:1033	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	0	59	theme	multi-series	76:87	arg1	imaging					117:123	multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging	76:123	multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging	76:123	Monitoring of multiple solid-state transformations at tablet surfaces using multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and multivariate curve resolution.
25907007	6	60	theme	pixel-to-pixel	1472:1485	arg1	heterogeneity					1487:1499	the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity	1468:1499	the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets	1468:1546	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	1	61	theme	solid	267:271	arg1	forms					280:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	6	62	theme	tablets	1435:1441	arg1	analysis					1419:1426	thermogravimetric analysis	1401:1426	thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets	1401:1441	The images reproduced the same trends obtained from thermogravimetric analysis of the tablets, with the advantage that the pixel-to-pixel heterogeneity of each compound at the surface of the tablets was highlighted.
25907007	1	63	theme	final	364:368	arg1	products					370:377	the final products	360:377	the final products	360:377	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25907007	2	64	theme	piroxicam	459:467	arg1	monohydrate					469:479	piroxicam monohydrate	459:479	piroxicam monohydrate	459:479	In this work, the solid-state transformations in tablets prepared as blends of piroxicam monohydrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the lactose forms monohydrate or anhydrate were studied when the tablets were exposed to the 23-120 °C range.
25907007	3	65	theme	solid-state	752:762	arg1	transformations					764:778	the solid-state transformations	748:778	the solid-state transformations	748:778	Multi-series near-infrared hyperspectral images were obtained from the surface of each sample for unveiling the local evolution of the solid-state transformations.
25907007	4	66	theme	resolution--alternating	1076:1098	arg1	MCR-ALS					1115:1121	MCR-ALS	1115:1121	MCR-ALS	1115:1121	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	4	66	theme	resolution--alternating	1076:1098	arg1	squares					1106:1112	resolution--alternating least squares	1076:1112	multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS)	1057:1122	The preprocessed spectra from the images (dataset) were arranged in augmented matrices, according to the composition of the tablets, and the profile of the overlapped compounds (relative concentration) along the solid-state transformations in the pixels was resolved by using multivariate curve resolution--alternating least squares (MCR-ALS).
25907007	1	67	theme	dosage	273:278	arg1	forms					280:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	solid dosage forms	267:284	The assessment of the solid-state stability of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and/or excipients in solid dosage forms during manufacturing and storage is mandatory for safeguarding quality of the final products.
25491843	3	0	theme	amino	357:361	arg1	groups					363:368	Free amino groups	352:368	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain	352:402	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain were reacted with γ-butyrolactone to quaternize the N-centers of polymeric chain.
25491843	8	1	theme	dipeptide	1039:1047	arg1	carnosine					1050:1058	dipeptide 'carnosine'	1039:1059	dipeptide 'carnosine'	1039:1059	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	8	2	theme	polymeric	968:976	arg1	format					978:983	This valuable polymeric format	954:983	This valuable polymeric format	954:983	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	12	3	theme	non-imprinted	1728:1740	arg1	NIPs					1752:1755	NIPs	1752:1755	NIPs	1752:1755	The binding studies showed that the MIP illustrated good recognition for carnosine as compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIPs).
25491843	12	3	theme	non-imprinted	1728:1740	arg1	polymers					1742:1749	non-imprinted polymers	1728:1749	non-imprinted polymers (NIPs)	1728:1756	The binding studies showed that the MIP illustrated good recognition for carnosine as compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIPs).
25491843	4	4	theme	subsequent	570:579	arg1	step					581:584	the subsequent step	566:584	the subsequent step	566:584	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	5	5	theme	H	708:708	arg1	NMR					710:712	(1)H NMR	705:712	(1)H NMR	705:712	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples were fully characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectra, SEM and XRD.
25491843	10	6	theme	aqueous	1466:1472	arg1	solution					1474:1481	aqueous solution	1466:1481	aqueous solution	1466:1481	The MIP was able to selectively and specifically take up carnosine from aqueous solution quantitatively.
25491843	14	7	theme	analogues	1943:1951	arg1	presence					1914:1921	the presence	1910:1921	the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants)	1910:1967	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	11	8	dep	quality	1590:1596	arg1	the					1586:1588	the	1586:1588	the	1586:1588	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	11	9	theme	gels	1624:1627	arg1	quality					1590:1596	quality	1590:1596	quality	1590:1596	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	11	9	theme	gels	1624:1627	arg1	quantity					1602:1609	quantity	1602:1609	quantity	1602:1609	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	13	10	theme	Detection	1759:1767	arg1	mL					1799:1800	3.3 μg mL	1792:1800	3.3 μg mL(-1)	1792:1804	Detection limit was estimated as 3.3 μg mL(-1).
25491843	13	10	theme	Detection	1759:1767	arg1	limit					1769:1773	Detection limit	1759:1773	Detection limit	1759:1773	Detection limit was estimated as 3.3 μg mL(-1).
25491843	2	11	theme	zwitterionic	321:332	arg1	samples					343:349	zwitterionic hydrogel samples	321:349	zwitterionic hydrogel samples	321:349	Biopolymer chitosan was derivatized to obtain a series of zwitterionic hydrogel samples.
25491843	2	12	theme	hydrogel	334:341	arg1	samples					343:349	zwitterionic hydrogel samples	321:349	zwitterionic hydrogel samples	321:349	Biopolymer chitosan was derivatized to obtain a series of zwitterionic hydrogel samples.
25491843	9	13	theme	Electrostatic	1159:1171	arg1	interactions					1173:1184	Electrostatic interactions	1159:1184	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer	1159:1351	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	4	14	from	addition	554:561	arg1	step					581:584	the subsequent step	566:584	the subsequent step	566:584	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	4	14	from	addition	554:561	arg1	gelation					602:609	facilitated gelation	590:609	facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan	590:632	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	10	15	from	solution	1474:1481	arg1	carnosine					1451:1459	carnosine	1451:1459	carnosine from aqueous solution	1451:1481	The MIP was able to selectively and specifically take up carnosine from aqueous solution quantitatively.
25491843	6	16	theme	varying	815:821	arg1	parameters					823:832	varying parameters	815:832	varying parameters	815:832	Hydrogels were further characterized for their swelling behavior at varying parameters.
25491843	1	17	theme	hydrogel	204:211	arg1	development					160:170	the development	156:170	the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry	156:260	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	1	18	theme	biocompatible	177:189	arg1	hydrogel					204:211	a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel	175:211	a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry	175:260	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	3	19	theme	biopolymeric	385:396	arg1	chain					398:402	the biopolymeric chain	381:402	the biopolymeric chain	381:402	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain were reacted with γ-butyrolactone to quaternize the N-centers of polymeric chain.
25491843	4	20	theme	Michael-type	541:552	arg1	addition					554:561	Michael-type addition	541:561	Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan	541:632	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	9	21	theme	hydrophobic	1231:1241	arg1	interactions					1243:1254	complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions	1197:1254	interactions	1243:1254	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	1	22	theme	zwitterionic	191:202	arg1	hydrogel					204:211	a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel	175:211	a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry	175:260	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	5	23	dep	NMR	710:712	arg1	1					706:706	1	706:706	1	706:706	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples were fully characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectra, SEM and XRD.
25491843	14	24	theme	selectivity	1818:1828	arg1	experiments					1830:1840	selectivity experiments	1818:1840	selectivity experiments	1818:1840	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	5	25	theme	biopolymeric	641:652	arg1	samples					663:669	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples	635:669	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples	635:669	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples were fully characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectra, SEM and XRD.
25491843	8	26	theme	societal	1081:1088	arg1	significance					1090:1101	adequate societal significance	1072:1101	adequate societal significance	1072:1101	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	3	27	theme	polymeric	469:477	arg1	chain					479:483	polymeric chain	469:483	polymeric chain	469:483	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain were reacted with γ-butyrolactone to quaternize the N-centers of polymeric chain.
25491843	0	28	theme	Biopolymeric	0:11	arg1	characterization					91:106	characterization	91:106	characterization	91:106	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis, characterization and application.
25491843	0	28	theme	Biopolymeric	0:11	arg1	receptor					13:20	Biopolymeric receptor	0:20	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis	0:88	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis, characterization and application.
25491843	0	28	theme	Biopolymeric	0:11	arg1	application					112:122	application	112:122	application	112:122	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis, characterization and application.
25491843	4	29	theme	betainized	614:623	arg1	chitosan					625:632	betainized chitosan	614:632	betainized chitosan	614:632	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	5	30	theme	hydrogel	654:661	arg1	samples					663:669	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples	635:669	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples	635:669	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples were fully characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectra, SEM and XRD.
25491843	7	31	theme	swelling	849:856	arg1	extent					839:844	The extent	835:844	The extent of swelling	835:856	The extent of swelling was perceived to be dictated by solvent composition such as pH, ionic strength and temperature.
25491843	3	32	theme	chain	479:483	arg1	N-centers					456:464	the N-centers	452:464	the N-centers of polymeric chain	452:483	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain were reacted with γ-butyrolactone to quaternize the N-centers of polymeric chain.
25491843	0	33	theme	peptide	26:32	arg1	recognition					34:44	peptide recognition	26:44	peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis	26:88	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis, characterization and application.
25491843	6	34	theme	swelling	794:801	arg1	behavior					803:810	their swelling behavior	788:810	their swelling behavior at varying parameters	788:832	Hydrogels were further characterized for their swelling behavior at varying parameters.
25491843	5	35	theme	NMR	721:723	arg1	spectra					725:731	(13)C NMR spectra	715:731	(13)C NMR spectra	715:731	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples were fully characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectra, SEM and XRD.
25491843	8	36	theme	artificial	1015:1024	arg1	receptor					1026:1033	an artificial receptor	1012:1033	an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting	1012:1156	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	2	37	theme	samples	343:349	arg1	series					311:316	a series	309:316	a series of zwitterionic hydrogel samples	309:349	Biopolymer chitosan was derivatized to obtain a series of zwitterionic hydrogel samples.
25491843	1	38	theme	various	217:223	arg1	applications					225:236	various applications	217:236	various applications in analytical chemistry	217:260	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	9	39	theme	sites	1387:1391	arg1	formation					1364:1372	the formation	1360:1372	the formation of imprinted sites	1360:1391	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	8	40	theme	adequate	1072:1079	arg1	significance					1090:1101	adequate societal significance	1072:1101	adequate societal significance	1072:1101	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	9	41	theme	synergetic	1276:1285	arg1	effect					1287:1292	additional synergetic effect	1265:1292	additional synergetic effect	1265:1292	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	1	42	theme	present	129:135	arg1	work					137:140	The present work	125:140	The present work	125:140	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	9	43	dep	along	1186:1190	arg1	with					1192:1195	with	1192:1195	with	1192:1195	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	4	44	theme	chitosan	625:632	arg1	step					581:584	the subsequent step	566:584	the subsequent step	566:584	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	4	44	theme	chitosan	625:632	arg1	gelation					602:609	facilitated gelation	590:609	facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan	590:632	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	11	45	theme	prepared	1504:1511	arg1	MIPs					1513:1516	Thus prepared MIPs	1499:1516	Thus prepared MIPs	1499:1516	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	14	46	theme	close	1926:1930	arg1	interferrants					1954:1966	interferrants	1954:1966	interferrants	1954:1966	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	14	46	theme	close	1926:1930	arg1	analogues					1943:1951	close structural analogues	1926:1951	close structural analogues (interferrants)	1926:1967	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	6	47	from	parameters	823:832	arg1	behavior					803:810	their swelling behavior	788:810	their swelling behavior at varying parameters	788:832	Hydrogels were further characterized for their swelling behavior at varying parameters.
25491843	14	48	contain	had	1874:1876	arg2	affinity					1885:1892	a high affinity	1878:1892	a high affinity to carnosine	1878:1905	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	14	48	contain	had	1874:1876	arg1	gel					1870:1872	imprinted gel	1860:1872	imprinted gel	1860:1872	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	2	49	theme	Biopolymer	263:272	arg1	chitosan					274:281	Biopolymer chitosan	263:281	Biopolymer chitosan	263:281	Biopolymer chitosan was derivatized to obtain a series of zwitterionic hydrogel samples.
25491843	1	50	theme	analytical	241:250	arg1	chemistry					252:260	analytical chemistry	241:260	analytical chemistry	241:260	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	0	51	theme	imprinting	59:68	arg1	approach--synthesis					70:88	molecular imprinting approach--synthesis	49:88	molecular imprinting approach--synthesis	49:88	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis, characterization and application.
25491843	12	52	theme	good	1682:1685	arg1	recognition					1687:1697	good recognition	1682:1697	good recognition for carnosine	1682:1711	The binding studies showed that the MIP illustrated good recognition for carnosine as compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIPs).
25491843	9	53	theme	imprinted	1377:1385	arg1	sites					1387:1391	imprinted sites	1377:1391	imprinted sites	1377:1391	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	9	54	theme	additional	1265:1274	arg1	effect					1287:1292	additional synergetic effect	1265:1292	additional synergetic effect	1265:1292	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	0	55	theme	molecular	49:57	arg1	approach--synthesis					70:88	molecular imprinting approach--synthesis	49:88	molecular imprinting approach--synthesis	49:88	Biopolymeric receptor for peptide recognition by molecular imprinting approach--synthesis, characterization and application.
25491843	12	56	theme	binding	1634:1640	arg1	studies					1642:1648	The binding studies	1630:1648	The binding studies	1630:1648	The binding studies showed that the MIP illustrated good recognition for carnosine as compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIPs).
25491843	3	57	theme	Free	352:355	arg1	groups					363:368	Free amino groups	352:368	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain	352:402	Free amino groups hanging on the biopolymeric chain were reacted with γ-butyrolactone to quaternize the N-centers of polymeric chain.
25491843	11	58	theme	FTIR	1540:1543	arg1	SEM					1559:1561	SEM	1559:1561	SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels	1559:1627	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	11	58	theme	FTIR	1540:1543	arg1	spectroscopy					1545:1556	FTIR spectroscopy	1540:1556	FTIR spectroscopy	1540:1556	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	4	59	theme	facilitated	590:600	arg1	gelation					602:609	facilitated gelation	590:609	facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan	590:632	N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide acts as a crosslinker via Michael-type addition in the subsequent step and facilitated gelation of betainized chitosan.
25491843	14	60	theme	structural	1932:1941	arg1	interferrants					1954:1966	interferrants	1954:1966	interferrants	1954:1966	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	14	60	theme	structural	1932:1941	arg1	analogues					1943:1951	close structural analogues	1926:1951	close structural analogues (interferrants)	1926:1967	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	11	61	theme	imprinted	1614:1622	arg1	gels					1624:1627	imprinted gels	1614:1627	imprinted gels	1614:1627	Thus prepared MIPs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM providing evidence for the quality and quantity of imprinted gels.
25491843	1	62	from	applications	225:236	arg1	chemistry					252:260	analytical chemistry	241:260	analytical chemistry	241:260	The present work is focused on the development of a biocompatible zwitterionic hydrogel for various applications in analytical chemistry.
25491843	7	63	theme	ionic	922:926	arg1	strength					928:935	ionic strength	922:935	ionic strength	922:935	The extent of swelling was perceived to be dictated by solvent composition such as pH, ionic strength and temperature.
25491843	5	64	theme	C	719:719	arg1	spectra					725:731	(13)C NMR spectra	715:731	(13)C NMR spectra	715:731	These biopolymeric hydrogel samples were fully characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectra, SEM and XRD.
25491843	8	65	theme	valuable	959:966	arg1	format					978:983	This valuable polymeric format	954:983	This valuable polymeric format	954:983	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	14	66	theme	high	1880:1883	arg1	affinity					1885:1892	a high affinity	1878:1892	a high affinity to carnosine	1878:1905	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	9	67	theme	other	1225:1229	arg1	interactions					1243:1254	complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions	1197:1254	interactions	1243:1254	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	8	68	theme	molecular	1137:1145	arg1	imprinting					1147:1156	molecular imprinting	1137:1156	molecular imprinting	1137:1156	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	7	69	theme	solvent	890:896	arg1	composition					898:908	solvent composition	890:908	solvent composition such as pH, ionic strength and temperature	890:951	The extent of swelling was perceived to be dictated by solvent composition such as pH, ionic strength and temperature.
25491843	14	70	theme	imprinted	1860:1868	arg1	gel					1870:1872	imprinted gel	1860:1872	imprinted gel	1860:1872	Meanwhile, selectivity experiments demonstrated that imprinted gel had a high affinity to carnosine in the presence of close structural analogues (interferrants).
25491843	8	71	contain	has	1068:1070	arg1	carnosine					1050:1058	dipeptide 'carnosine'	1039:1059	dipeptide 'carnosine'	1039:1059	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	8	71	contain	has	1068:1070	arg2	significance					1090:1101	adequate societal significance	1072:1101	adequate societal significance	1072:1101	This valuable polymeric format is herein chosen to design an artificial receptor for dipeptide 'carnosine', which has adequate societal significance to be analytically determined, by molecular imprinting.
25491843	9	72	theme	imprinted	1335:1343	arg1	polymer					1345:1351	the imprinted polymer	1331:1351	the imprinted polymer	1331:1351	Electrostatic interactions along with complementary H-bonding and other hydrophobic interactions inducing additional synergetic effect between the template (carnosine) and the imprinted polymer led to the formation of imprinted sites.
25491843	13	73	theme	μg	1796:1797	arg1	mL					1799:1800	3.3 μg mL	1792:1800	3.3 μg mL(-1)	1792:1804	Detection limit was estimated as 3.3 μg mL(-1).
25491843	13	73	theme	μg	1796:1797	arg1	limit					1769:1773	Detection limit	1759:1773	Detection limit	1759:1773	Detection limit was estimated as 3.3 μg mL(-1).
25491843	13	73	theme	μg	1796:1797	arg1	-1					1802:1803	-1	1802:1803	-1	1802:1803	Detection limit was estimated as 3.3 μg mL(-1).
25350121	7	0	theme	lipid	1232:1236	arg1	chains					1238:1243	longer lipid chains	1225:1243	longer lipid chains	1225:1243	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	11	1	theme	preservation	1879:1890	arg1	indicators					1856:1865	suitable indicators	1847:1865	suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability	1847:1907	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	7	2	theme	stationary	1102:1111	arg1	phase					1113:1117	the stationary phase	1098:1117	the stationary phase	1098:1117	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	1	3	theme	dehydrated	275:284	arg1	state					286:290	a dehydrated state	273:290	a dehydrated state	273:290	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	12	4	theme	operating	2025:2033	arg1	conditions					2035:2044	the favorable operating conditions	2011:2044	the favorable operating conditions applied	2011:2052	Conversely, no clear effect of freezing/thawing could be observed, probably because of the favorable operating conditions applied.
25350121	4	5	theme	plate	669:673	arg1	counts					675:680	plate counts	669:680	plate counts	669:680	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	5	6	theme	log	873:875	arg1	phase					891:895	the log or stationary phase	869:895	phase	891:895	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	4	7	theme	cell	636:639	arg1	cultivability					641:653	cell cultivability	636:653	cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy	636:827	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	11	8	theme	membrane	1785:1792	arg1	integrity					1794:1802	membrane integrity	1785:1802	membrane integrity	1785:1802	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	3	9	theme	dehydration	532:542	arg1	result					522:527	a result	520:527	a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing	520:593	The objective of this study was to highlight, for the first time, the cellular damage to Yarrowia lipolytica as a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing.
25350121	12	10	theme	freezing/thawing	1955:1970	arg1	effect					1945:1950	no clear effect	1936:1950	no clear effect of freezing/thawing	1936:1970	Conversely, no clear effect of freezing/thawing could be observed, probably because of the favorable operating conditions applied.
25350121	8	11	theme	wall	1443:1446	arg1	damage					1448:1453	wall damage	1443:1453	wall damage	1443:1453	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	4	12	dep	composition	772:782	arg1	determined					796:805	determined	796:805	determined by FT-IR spectroscopy	796:827	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	10	13	theme	Protein	1637:1643	arg1	denaturation					1645:1656	Protein denaturation	1637:1656	Protein denaturation	1637:1656	Protein denaturation and wall damage could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase.
25350121	11	14	theme	activity	1833:1840	arg1	preservation					1808:1819	preservation	1808:1819	preservation of esterase activity	1808:1840	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	11	14	theme	activity	1833:1840	arg1	integrity					1794:1802	membrane integrity	1785:1802	membrane integrity	1785:1802	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	5	15	theme	time	860:863	arg1	effects					834:840	The effects	830:840	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose,	830:953	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	13	16	theme	cellular	2116:2123	arg1	response					2125:2132	cellular response	2116:2132	cellular response to dehydration	2116:2147	These results give insights into Y. lipolytica mechanisms of cellular response to dehydration and provide a basis to better understand its ability to tolerate anhydrobiosis.
25350121	9	17	theme	membrane	1494:1501	arg1	permeabilization					1503:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization	1487:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization	1487:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	4	18	theme	flow	736:739	arg1	cytometry					741:749	flow cytometry	736:749	flow cytometry	736:749	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	5	19	theme	addition	909:916	arg1	effects					834:840	The effects	830:840	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose,	830:953	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	8	20	theme	acids	1480:1484	arg1	permeabilization					1360:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	20	theme	acids	1480:1484	arg1	oxidation					1459:1467	oxidation	1459:1467	oxidation of nucleic acids	1459:1484	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	20	theme	acids	1480:1484	arg1	damage					1448:1453	wall damage	1443:1453	wall damage	1443:1453	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	20	theme	acids	1480:1484	arg1	loss					1378:1381	loss	1378:1381	loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation	1378:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	7	21	theme	longer	1225:1230	arg1	chains					1238:1243	longer lipid chains	1225:1243	longer lipid chains	1225:1243	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	13	22	theme	Y.	2088:2089	arg1	mechanisms					2102:2111	Y. lipolytica mechanisms	2088:2111	Y. lipolytica mechanisms of cellular response to dehydration	2088:2147	These results give insights into Y. lipolytica mechanisms of cellular response to dehydration and provide a basis to better understand its ability to tolerate anhydrobiosis.
25350121	7	23	theme	acid	1177:1180	arg1	content					1182:1188	lower nucleic acid content	1163:1188	lower nucleic acid content	1163:1188	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	5	24	theme	stationary	880:889	arg1	phase					891:895	the log or stationary phase	869:895	phase	891:895	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	6	25	theme	harvested	986:994	arg1	cells					996:1000	All freshly harvested cells	974:1000	All freshly harvested cells	974:1000	All freshly harvested cells exhibited esterase activity and no alteration of membrane integrity.
25350121	4	26	theme	membrane	705:712	arg1	integrity					714:722	membrane integrity	705:722	membrane integrity	705:722	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	8	27	with	loss	1378:1381	arg1	denaturation					1429:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	5	28	from	phase	891:895	arg1	effects					834:840	The effects	830:840	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose,	830:953	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	9	29	theme	activity	1541:1548	arg1	permeabilization					1503:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization	1487:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization	1487:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	9	29	theme	activity	1541:1548	arg1	loss					1524:1527	loss	1524:1527	loss of esterase activity	1524:1548	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	9	30	theme	stationary	1588:1597	arg1	phase					1599:1603	the stationary phase	1584:1603	the stationary phase	1584:1603	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	8	31	with	permeabilization	1360:1375	arg1	denaturation					1429:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	12	32	theme	clear	1939:1943	arg1	effect					1945:1950	no clear effect	1936:1950	no clear effect of freezing/thawing	1936:1970	Conversely, no clear effect of freezing/thawing could be observed, probably because of the favorable operating conditions applied.
25350121	4	33	theme	cells	787:791	arg1	composition					772:782	the biochemical composition	756:782	the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy	756:827	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	4	33	theme	cells	787:791	arg1	counts					675:680	plate counts	669:680	plate counts	669:680	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	4	33	theme	cells	787:791	arg1	activity					692:699	esterase activity	683:699	esterase activity	683:699	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	4	33	theme	cells	787:791	arg1	integrity					714:722	membrane integrity	705:722	membrane integrity	705:722	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	7	34	theme	cell	1202:1205	arg1	walls					1207:1211	thicker cell walls	1194:1211	thicker cell walls	1194:1211	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	6	35	theme	integrity	1060:1068	arg1	activity					1021:1028	esterase activity	1012:1028	esterase activity	1012:1028	All freshly harvested cells exhibited esterase activity and no alteration of membrane integrity.
25350121	6	35	theme	integrity	1060:1068	arg1	alteration					1037:1046	no alteration	1034:1046	no alteration of membrane integrity	1034:1068	All freshly harvested cells exhibited esterase activity and no alteration of membrane integrity.
25350121	10	36	theme	wall	1662:1665	arg1	damage					1667:1672	wall damage	1662:1672	wall damage	1662:1672	Protein denaturation and wall damage could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase.
25350121	0	37	theme	Physiological	0:12	arg1	responses					30:38	Physiological and biochemical responses	0:38	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration	0:76	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration induced by air-drying and freezing.
25350121	0	38	theme	biochemical	18:28	arg1	responses					30:38	Physiological and biochemical responses	0:38	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration	0:76	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration induced by air-drying and freezing.
25350121	5	39	theme	molecule	934:941	arg1	addition					909:916	the addition	905:916	the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose,	905:953	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	8	40	theme	esterase	1386:1393	arg1	activity					1395:1402	esterase activity	1386:1402	esterase activity	1386:1402	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	7	41	theme	lower	1163:1167	arg1	content					1182:1188	lower nucleic acid content	1163:1188	lower nucleic acid content	1163:1188	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	8	42	with	oxidation	1459:1467	arg1	denaturation					1429:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	0	43	theme	lipolytica	52:61	arg1	responses					30:38	Physiological and biochemical responses	0:38	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration	0:76	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration induced by air-drying and freezing.
25350121	3	44	theme	first	462:466	arg1	time					468:471	the first time	458:471	the first time	458:471	The objective of this study was to highlight, for the first time, the cellular damage to Yarrowia lipolytica as a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing.
25350121	9	45	theme	trehalose	1617:1625	arg1	addition					1627:1634	trehalose addition	1617:1634	trehalose addition	1617:1634	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	7	46	theme	log	1273:1275	arg1	phase					1277:1281	the log phase	1269:1281	the log phase	1269:1281	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	8	47	theme	protein	1421:1427	arg1	denaturation					1429:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	48	with	damage	1448:1453	arg1	denaturation					1429:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	4	49	theme	Cellular	596:603	arg1	response					605:612	Cellular response	596:612	Cellular response	596:612	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	4	50	theme	FT-IR	810:814	arg1	spectroscopy					816:827	FT-IR spectroscopy	810:827	FT-IR spectroscopy	810:827	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	3	51	theme	cellular	478:485	arg1	damage					487:492	the cellular damage	474:492	the cellular damage to Yarrowia lipolytica as a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing	474:593	The objective of this study was to highlight, for the first time, the cellular damage to Yarrowia lipolytica as a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing.
25350121	9	52	theme	esterase	1532:1539	arg1	activity					1541:1548	esterase activity	1532:1548	esterase activity	1532:1548	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	12	53	theme	favorable	2015:2023	arg1	conditions					2035:2044	the favorable operating conditions	2011:2044	the favorable operating conditions applied	2011:2052	Conversely, no clear effect of freezing/thawing could be observed, probably because of the favorable operating conditions applied.
25350121	11	54	theme	loss	1777:1780	arg1	measurements					1761:1772	measurements	1761:1772	measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity	1761:1840	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	1	55	contain	possess	157:163	arg2	ability					176:182	the unique ability	165:182	the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods	165:253	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	1	55	contain	possess	157:163	arg1	Organisms					114:122	Organisms	114:122	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis	114:155	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	1	56	from	state	286:290	arg1	live					265:268	live	265:268	live	265:268	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	11	57	theme	preservation	1808:1819	arg1	loss					1777:1780	loss	1777:1780	loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity	1777:1840	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	11	58	theme	loss	1870:1873	arg1	indicators					1856:1865	suitable indicators	1847:1865	suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability	1847:1907	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	1	59	from	live	265:268	arg1	state					286:290	a dehydrated state	273:290	a dehydrated state	273:290	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	5	60	theme	harvesting	849:858	arg1	time					860:863	the harvesting time	845:863	the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase)	845:896	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	5	61	from	time	860:863	arg1	phase					891:895	the log or stationary phase	869:895	phase	891:895	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	9	62	theme	Plasma	1487:1492	arg1	permeabilization					1503:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization	1487:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization	1487:1518	Plasma membrane permeabilization and loss of esterase activity could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase and/or with trehalose addition.
25350121	8	63	theme	nucleic	1472:1478	arg1	acids					1480:1484	nucleic acids	1472:1484	nucleic acids	1472:1484	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	11	64	theme	esterase	1824:1831	arg1	activity					1833:1840	esterase activity	1824:1840	esterase activity	1824:1840	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	13	65	theme	response	2125:2132	arg1	mechanisms					2102:2111	Y. lipolytica mechanisms	2088:2111	Y. lipolytica mechanisms of cellular response to dehydration	2088:2147	These results give insights into Y. lipolytica mechanisms of cellular response to dehydration and provide a basis to better understand its ability to tolerate anhydrobiosis.
25350121	6	66	theme	esterase	1012:1019	arg1	activity					1021:1028	esterase activity	1012:1028	esterase activity	1012:1028	All freshly harvested cells exhibited esterase activity and no alteration of membrane integrity.
25350121	1	67	dep	live	265:268	arg1	they					260:263	they	260:263	they	260:263	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	11	68	theme	suitable	1847:1854	arg1	indicators					1856:1865	suitable indicators	1847:1865	suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability	1847:1907	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	4	69	theme	esterase	683:690	arg1	activity					692:699	esterase activity	683:699	esterase activity	683:699	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	1	70	theme	unique	169:174	arg1	ability					176:182	the unique ability	165:182	the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods	165:253	Organisms that can withstand anhydrobiosis possess the unique ability to temporarily and reversibly suspend their metabolism for the periods when they live in a dehydrated state.
25350121	4	71	theme	biochemical	760:770	arg1	composition					772:782	the biochemical composition	756:782	the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy	756:827	Cellular response was evaluated through cell cultivability determined by plate counts, esterase activity and membrane integrity assessed by flow cytometry, and the biochemical composition of cells as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy.
25350121	7	72	theme	thicker	1194:1200	arg1	walls					1207:1211	thicker cell walls	1194:1211	thicker cell walls	1194:1211	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	5	73	from	effects	834:840	arg1	phase					891:895	the log or stationary phase	869:895	phase	891:895	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	8	74	theme	cell	1339:1342	arg1	permeabilization					1360:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	11	75	theme	integrity	1794:1802	arg1	loss					1777:1780	loss	1777:1780	loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity	1777:1840	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	6	76	theme	membrane	1051:1058	arg1	integrity					1060:1068	membrane integrity	1051:1068	membrane integrity	1051:1068	All freshly harvested cells exhibited esterase activity and no alteration of membrane integrity.
25350121	8	77	theme	membrane	1351:1358	arg1	permeabilization					1360:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	3	78	theme	study	430:434	arg1	objective					412:420	The objective	408:420	The objective of this study	408:434	The objective of this study was to highlight, for the first time, the cellular damage to Yarrowia lipolytica as a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing.
25350121	7	79	theme	nucleic	1169:1175	arg1	content					1182:1188	lower nucleic acid content	1163:1188	lower nucleic acid content	1163:1188	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	5	80	theme	protective	923:932	arg1	trehalose					944:952	trehalose	944:952	trehalose	944:952	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	5	80	theme	protective	923:932	arg1	molecule					934:941	a protective molecule	921:941	a protective molecule	921:941	The effects of the harvesting time (in the log or stationary phase) and of the addition of a protective molecule, trehalose, were investigated.
25350121	8	81	theme	plasma	1344:1349	arg1	permeabilization					1360:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	0	82	theme	Yarrowia	43:50	arg1	lipolytica					52:61	Yarrowia lipolytica	43:61	Yarrowia lipolytica	43:61	Physiological and biochemical responses of Yarrowia lipolytica to dehydration induced by air-drying and freezing.
25350121	7	83	theme	spectral	1129:1136	arg1	contributions					1138:1150	spectral contributions	1129:1150	spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls	1129:1211	Cells freshly harvested in the stationary phase presented spectral contributions suggesting lower nucleic acid content and thicker cell walls, as well as longer lipid chains than cells harvested in the log phase.
25350121	8	84	theme	activity	1395:1402	arg1	permeabilization					1360:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	cell plasma membrane permeabilization	1339:1375	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	84	theme	activity	1395:1402	arg1	oxidation					1459:1467	oxidation	1459:1467	oxidation of nucleic acids	1459:1484	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	84	theme	activity	1395:1402	arg1	damage					1448:1453	wall damage	1443:1453	wall damage	1443:1453	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	8	84	theme	activity	1395:1402	arg1	loss					1378:1381	loss	1378:1381	loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation	1378:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	10	85	theme	stationary	1712:1721	arg1	phase					1723:1727	the stationary phase	1708:1727	the stationary phase	1708:1727	Protein denaturation and wall damage could be reduced by harvesting in the stationary phase.
25350121	8	86	theme	concomitant	1409:1419	arg1	denaturation					1429:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	concomitant protein denaturation	1409:1440	Moreover, it was found that drying/rehydration induced cell plasma membrane permeabilization, loss of esterase activity with concomitant protein denaturation, wall damage and oxidation of nucleic acids.
25350121	3	87	theme	Yarrowia	497:504	arg1	lipolytica					506:515	Yarrowia lipolytica	497:515	Yarrowia lipolytica	497:515	The objective of this study was to highlight, for the first time, the cellular damage to Yarrowia lipolytica as a result of dehydration induced by drying/rehydration and freezing/thawing.
25350121	11	88	theme	cultivability	1895:1907	arg1	preservation					1879:1890	preservation	1879:1890	preservation	1879:1890	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
25350121	11	88	theme	cultivability	1895:1907	arg1	loss					1870:1873	loss	1870:1873	loss	1870:1873	In addition, it was shown that measurements of loss of membrane integrity and preservation of esterase activity were suitable indicators of loss and preservation of cultivability, respectively.
26952469	3	0	theme	BC	670:671	arg1	surface					659:665	the surface	655:665	the surface of BC	655:671	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	1	1	theme	Cu	253:254	arg1	nanoparticles					238:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles	223:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	223:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	1	theme	Cu	253:254	arg1	SiO2/BC					256:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	4	2	theme	Cu	730:731	arg1	nanoparticles					733:745	the Cu nanoparticles	726:745	the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC	726:793	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	1	3	theme	@	255:255	arg1	nanoparticles					238:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles	223:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	223:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	3	theme	@	255:255	arg1	SiO2/BC					256:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	0	4	theme	antibacterial	87:99	arg1	activity					101:108	antibacterial activity	87:108	antibacterial activity	87:108	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	5	from	Preparation	46:56	arg1	activity					101:108	antibacterial activity	87:108	antibacterial activity	87:108	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	4	6	theme	Cu	678:679	arg1	SiO2/BC					681:687	The Cu@SiO2/BC	674:687	The Cu@SiO2/BC	674:687	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	4	6	theme	Cu	678:679	arg1	resistant					698:706	resistant	698:706	resistant	698:706	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	2	7	theme	X-ray	488:492	arg1	XRD					507:509	XRD	507:509	XRD	507:509	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	7	theme	X-ray	488:492	arg1	diffraction					494:504	X-ray diffraction	488:504	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	488:510	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	4	8	dep	aureus	859:864	arg1	aureus					870:875	S. aureus	867:875	S. aureus	867:875	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	1	9	from	based	139:143	arg1	cellulose					158:166	bacterial cellulose	148:166	bacterial cellulose (BC)	148:171	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	9	from	based	139:143	arg1	BC					169:170	BC	169:170	BC	169:170	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	2	10	theme	spectrum	395:402	arg1	spectroscopy					536:547	Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	363:547	spectroscopy	536:547	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	10	theme	spectrum	395:402	arg1	XPS					550:552	XPS	550:552	XPS	550:552	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	0	11	theme	Cu	6:7	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	11	theme	Cu	6:7	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	11	theme	Cu	6:7	arg1	Preparation					46:56	Preparation	46:56	Preparation	46:56	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	4	12	theme	@	786:786	arg1	SiO2/BC					787:793	Cu@SiO2/BC	784:793	Cu@SiO2/BC	784:793	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	diffraction					494:504	X-ray diffraction	488:504	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	488:510	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	microscopy					430:439	scanning electron microscopy	412:439	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	412:445	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	photoelectron					522:534	X-ray photoelectron	516:534	X-ray photoelectron	516:534	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	microscopy					470:479	transmission electron microscopy	448:479	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	448:485	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	SEM					442:444	SEM	442:444	SEM	442:444	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	TEM					482:484	TEM	482:484	TEM	482:484	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	13	dep	spectroscopy	536:547	arg1	XRD					507:509	XRD	507:509	XRD	507:509	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	14	theme	infrared	386:393	arg1	spectroscopy					536:547	Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	363:547	spectroscopy	536:547	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	14	theme	infrared	386:393	arg1	XPS					550:552	XPS	550:552	XPS	550:552	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	0	15	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	15	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	15	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	Preparation					46:56	Preparation	46:56	Preparation	46:56	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	4	16	theme	Cu	784:785	arg1	SiO2/BC					787:793	Cu@SiO2/BC	784:793	Cu@SiO2/BC	784:793	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	2	17	theme	transformation	371:384	arg1	spectroscopy					536:547	Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	363:547	spectroscopy	536:547	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	17	theme	transformation	371:384	arg1	XPS					550:552	XPS	550:552	XPS	550:552	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	0	18	theme	SiO2/bacterial	9:22	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	18	theme	SiO2/bacterial	9:22	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	18	theme	SiO2/bacterial	9:22	arg1	Preparation					46:56	Preparation	46:56	Preparation	46:56	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	2	19	theme	X-ray	516:520	arg1	photoelectron					522:534	X-ray photoelectron	516:534	X-ray photoelectron	516:534	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	4	20	dep	coli	894:897	arg1	coli					903:906	E. coli	900:906	E. coli	900:906	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	2	21	theme	scanning	412:419	arg1	SEM					442:444	SEM	442:444	SEM	442:444	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	21	theme	scanning	412:419	arg1	microscopy					430:439	scanning electron microscopy	412:439	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	412:445	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	0	22	theme	@	8:8	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	22	theme	@	8:8	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	22	theme	@	8:8	arg1	Preparation					46:56	Preparation	46:56	Preparation	46:56	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	2	23	theme	Fourier	363:369	arg1	spectroscopy					536:547	Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	363:547	spectroscopy	536:547	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	23	theme	Fourier	363:369	arg1	XPS					550:552	XPS	550:552	XPS	550:552	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	1	24	theme	in-situ	202:208	arg1	synthesis					210:218	in-situ synthesis	202:218	in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	202:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	2	25	theme	electron	461:468	arg1	TEM					482:484	TEM	482:484	TEM	482:484	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	25	theme	electron	461:468	arg1	microscopy					470:479	transmission electron microscopy	448:479	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	448:485	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	0	26	from	performance	72:82	arg1	activity					101:108	antibacterial activity	87:108	antibacterial activity	87:108	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	27	theme	cellulose	24:32	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	27	theme	cellulose	24:32	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	27	theme	cellulose	24:32	arg1	Preparation					46:56	Preparation	46:56	Preparation	46:56	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	2	28	theme	transmission	448:459	arg1	TEM					482:484	TEM	482:484	TEM	482:484	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	28	theme	transmission	448:459	arg1	microscopy					470:479	transmission electron microscopy	448:479	transmission electron microscopy (TEM)	448:485	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	3	29	theme	coated	595:600	arg1	particles					605:613	the SiO2 coated Cu particles	586:613	the SiO2 coated Cu particles	586:613	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	3	29	theme	coated	595:600	arg1	precipitated					639:650	precipitated	639:650	precipitated	639:650	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	2	30	theme	FTIR	405:408	arg1	spectroscopy					536:547	Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	363:547	spectroscopy	536:547	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	30	theme	FTIR	405:408	arg1	XPS					550:552	XPS	550:552	XPS	550:552	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	3	31	theme	Cu	602:603	arg1	particles					605:613	the SiO2 coated Cu particles	586:613	the SiO2 coated Cu particles	586:613	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	3	31	theme	Cu	602:603	arg1	precipitated					639:650	precipitated	639:650	precipitated	639:650	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	0	32	dep	nanofibers	34:43	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	32	dep	nanofibers	34:43	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	32	dep	nanofibers	34:43	arg1	Preparation					46:56	Preparation	46:56	Preparation	46:56	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	1	33	theme	antibacterial	115:127	arg1	based					139:143	The antibacterial composite based	111:143	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC)	111:171	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	4	34	theme	antimicrobial	813:825	arg1	activity					827:834	the antimicrobial activity	809:834	the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli)	809:907	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	1	35	theme	composite	129:137	arg1	based					139:143	The antibacterial composite based	111:143	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC)	111:171	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	4	36	theme	@	680:680	arg1	SiO2/BC					681:687	The Cu@SiO2/BC	674:687	The Cu@SiO2/BC	674:687	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	4	36	theme	@	680:680	arg1	resistant					698:706	resistant	698:706	resistant	698:706	The Cu@SiO2/BC was more resistant to oxidation than the Cu nanoparticles impregnated into BC (Cu/BC) and then Cu@SiO2/BC could prolong the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).
26952469	1	37	theme	SiO2	223:226	arg1	nanoparticles					238:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles	223:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	223:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	37	theme	SiO2	223:226	arg1	SiO2/BC					256:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	3	38	theme	SiO2	590:593	arg1	particles					605:613	the SiO2 coated Cu particles	586:613	the SiO2 coated Cu particles	586:613	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	3	38	theme	SiO2	590:593	arg1	precipitated					639:650	precipitated	639:650	precipitated	639:650	The results demonstrated that the SiO2 coated Cu particles were well homogeneously precipitated on the surface of BC.
26952469	2	39	theme	chemical	308:315	arg1	structures					317:326	Its chemical structures	304:326	Its chemical structures	304:326	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	1	40	theme	coated	228:233	arg1	nanoparticles					238:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles	223:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	223:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	40	theme	coated	228:233	arg1	SiO2/BC					256:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	0	41	theme	excellent	62:70	arg1	performance					72:82	excellent performance	62:82	excellent performance	62:82	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	0	41	theme	excellent	62:70	arg1	nanofibers					34:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers	0:43	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.	0:109	Novel Cu@SiO2/bacterial cellulose nanofibers: Preparation and excellent performance in antibacterial activity.
26952469	1	42	theme	bacterial	148:156	arg1	cellulose					158:166	bacterial cellulose	148:166	bacterial cellulose (BC)	148:171	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	42	theme	bacterial	148:156	arg1	BC					169:170	BC	169:170	BC	169:170	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	43	theme	Cu	235:236	arg1	nanoparticles					238:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles	223:250	SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	223:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	1	43	theme	Cu	235:236	arg1	SiO2/BC					256:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	Cu@SiO2/BC	253:262	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
26952469	2	44	theme	electron	421:428	arg1	SEM					442:444	SEM	442:444	SEM	442:444	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	2	44	theme	electron	421:428	arg1	microscopy					430:439	scanning electron microscopy	412:439	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	412:445	Its chemical structures and morphologies were evaluated by Fourier transformation infrared spectrum (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
26952469	1	45	theme	nanoparticles	238:250	arg1	synthesis					210:218	in-situ synthesis	202:218	in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC)	202:263	The antibacterial composite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) was successfully prepared by in-situ synthesis of SiO2 coated Cu nanoparticles (Cu@SiO2/BC) and its properties were characterized.
29202734	7	0	theme	morphological	1171:1183	arg1	alterations					1185:1195	starch morphological alterations	1164:1195	starch morphological alterations in Kardal	1164:1205	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	9	1	theme	starch	1804:1809	arg1	granules					1811:1818	starch granules	1804:1818	starch granules	1804:1818	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	8	2	theme	apparent	1535:1542	arg1	content					1552:1558	apparent amylose content	1535:1558	apparent amylose content	1535:1558	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	4	3	with	domain	739:744	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	3	with	domain	739:744	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	3	4	theme	starch-binding	533:546	arg1	domains					548:554	starch-binding domains	533:554	starch-binding domains	533:554	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	7	5	from	alterations	1185:1195	arg1	Kardal					1200:1205	Kardal	1200:1205	Kardal	1200:1205	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	8	6	theme	untransformed	1618:1630	arg1	controls					1632:1639	untransformed controls	1618:1639	untransformed controls	1618:1639	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	6	7	dep	transformants	1094:1106	arg1	both					1074:1077	both	1074:1077	both	1074:1077	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	6	7	dep	transformants	1094:1106	arg1	amf					1090:1092	amf	1090:1092	amf	1090:1092	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	8	8	from	properties	1582:1591	arg1	comparison					1596:1605	comparison	1596:1605	comparison to that of untransformed controls	1596:1639	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	3	9	theme	starch-binding	562:575	arg1	domains					577:583	only starch-binding domains	557:583	only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20	557:626	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	7	10	theme	starch	1330:1335	arg1	granules					1337:1344	helical starch granules	1322:1344	helical starch granules in Kardal	1322:1354	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	1	11	theme	binding	201:207	arg1	family					216:221	carbohydrate binding module family 20	188:224	carbohydrate binding module family 20	188:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	4	12	theme	cultivar	918:925	arg1	tubers					889:894	the tubers	885:894	the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv	885:929	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	6	13	theme	transformants	1094:1106	arg1	granules					1062:1069	the starch granules	1051:1069	the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants	1051:1106	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	9	14	theme	starch	1871:1876	arg1	morphology					1878:1887	starch morphology	1871:1887	starch morphology	1871:1887	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	0	15	theme	starch	105:110	arg1	granules					112:119	starch granules	105:119	starch granules	105:119	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	3	16	theme	binding	603:609	arg1	family					618:623	carbohydrate binding module family 20	590:626	carbohydrate binding module family 20	590:626	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	9	17	used	used	1757:1760	arg2	tool					1773:1776	a novel tool	1765:1776	a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties	1765:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	9	17	used	used	1757:1760	arg2	domains					1699:1705	the starch-binding domains	1680:1705	the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25	1680:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	7	18	theme	starch	1305:1310	arg1	granules					1312:1319	starch granules	1305:1319	starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf)	1305:1389	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	0	19	from	aurum	55:59	arg1	α-amylase					25:33	α-amylase	25:33	α-amylase	25:33	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	0	19	from	aurum	55:59	arg1	domain					15:20	A tandem CBM25 domain	0:20	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.	0:147	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	4	20	with	CBM25	761:765	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	20	with	CBM25	761:765	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	21	theme	type	906:909	arg1	cultivar					918:925	a wild type potato cultivar	899:925	a wild type potato cultivar (cv	899:929	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	3	22	from	family	618:623	arg1	domains					577:583	only starch-binding domains	557:583	only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20	557:626	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	7	23	theme	starch	1164:1169	arg1	alterations					1185:1195	starch morphological alterations	1164:1195	starch morphological alterations in Kardal	1164:1205	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	2	24	from	expression	304:313	arg1	planta					359:364	planta	359:364	planta	359:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	9	25	theme	starch-binding	1684:1697	arg1	tool					1773:1776	a novel tool	1765:1776	a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties	1765:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	9	25	theme	starch-binding	1684:1697	arg1	domains					1699:1705	the starch-binding domains	1680:1705	the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25	1680:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	3	26	contain	contain	525:531	arg2	domains					548:554	starch-binding domains	533:554	starch-binding domains	533:554	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	3	26	contain	contain	525:531	arg1	families					494:501	13 carbohydrate binding module families	463:501	13 carbohydrate binding module families	463:501	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	4	27	theme	tandem	726:731	arg1	domain					739:744	the tandem CBM25 domain	722:744	the tandem CBM25 domain	722:744	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	27	theme	tandem	726:731	arg1	fragments					711:719	two fragments	707:719	two fragments	707:719	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	0	28	theme	potential	64:72	arg1	tool					74:77	potential tool	64:77	potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis	64:146	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	1	29	theme	Starch-binding	160:173	arg1	domains					175:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains	149:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20	149:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	1	29	theme	Starch-binding	160:173	arg1	tool					246:249	a tool	244:249	a tool for starch engineering	244:272	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	9	30	from	side-effects	1855:1866	arg1	properties					1906:1915	properties	1906:1915	properties	1906:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	9	30	from	side-effects	1855:1866	arg1	composition					1890:1900	composition	1890:1900	composition	1890:1900	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	9	30	from	side-effects	1855:1866	arg1	morphology					1878:1887	starch morphology	1871:1887	starch morphology	1871:1887	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	4	31	theme	type	793:796	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	31	theme	type	793:796	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	5	32	theme	amylose-free	947:958	arg1	mutant					973:978	an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant	944:978	an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant	944:978	Kardal) and an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant.
29202734	9	33	theme	binding	1725:1731	arg1	family					1740:1745	carbohydrate binding module family 25	1712:1748	carbohydrate binding module family 25	1712:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	6	34	dep	RESULTS	981:987	arg1	RESULTS					981:987	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein	981:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein	981:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	6	34	dep	RESULTS	981:987	arg1	protein					1010:1016	FN3 protein	1006:1016	FN3 protein	1006:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	6	34	dep	RESULTS	981:987	arg1	CBM25					994:998	The (CBM25)2	989:1000	The (CBM25)2	989:1000	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	4	35	from	aurum	860:864	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	35	from	aurum	860:864	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	2	36	theme	starch	387:392	arg1	structures					402:411	modified starch granule structures	378:411	modified starch granule structures	378:411	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	4	37	theme	multiple	772:779	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	37	theme	multiple	772:779	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	3	38	theme	module	487:492	arg1	families					494:501	13 carbohydrate binding module families	463:501	13 carbohydrate binding module families	463:501	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	0	39	theme	CBM25	9:13	arg1	α-amylase					25:33	α-amylase	25:33	α-amylase	25:33	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	0	39	theme	CBM25	9:13	arg1	domain					15:20	A tandem CBM25 domain	0:20	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.	0:147	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	8	40	theme	transformants	1455:1467	arg1	starches					1429:1436	The starches	1425:1436	The starches of the different transformants	1425:1467	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	2	41	theme	physicochemical	417:431	arg1	properties					433:442	physicochemical properties	417:442	physicochemical properties	417:442	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	4	42	theme	α-amylase	823:831	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	3	43	theme	carbohydrate	466:477	arg1	module					487:492	13 carbohydrate binding module	463:492	13 carbohydrate binding module families	463:501	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	7	44	theme	starch	1230:1235	arg1	granules					1237:1244	rough starch granules	1224:1244	rough starch granules in amf	1224:1251	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	9	45	from	family	1740:1745	arg1	tool					1773:1776	a novel tool	1765:1776	a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties	1765:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	9	45	from	family	1740:1745	arg1	domains					1699:1705	the starch-binding domains	1680:1705	the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25	1680:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	2	46	theme	proteins	347:354	arg1	expression					304:313	expression	304:313	expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta	304:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	7	47	theme	low	1410:1412	arg1	frequency					1414:1422	a very low frequency	1403:1422	a very low frequency	1403:1422	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	7	48	from	granules	1237:1244	arg1	amf					1249:1251	amf	1249:1251	amf	1249:1251	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	8	49	theme	significant	1482:1492	arg1	differences					1494:1504	significant differences	1482:1504	significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls	1482:1639	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	6	50	dep	both	1074:1077	arg1	Kardal					1079:1084	Kardal	1079:1084	Kardal	1079:1084	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	2	51	theme	domain	333:338	arg1	proteins					347:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins	318:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta	318:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	1	52	used	used	236:239	arg2	domains					175:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains	149:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20	149:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	1	52	used	used	236:239	arg2	tool					246:249	a tool	244:249	a tool for starch engineering	244:272	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	5	53	theme	potato	966:971	arg1	mutant					973:978	an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant	944:978	an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant	944:978	Kardal) and an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant.
29202734	8	54	theme	physico-chemical	1565:1580	arg1	properties					1582:1591	physico-chemical properties	1565:1591	physico-chemical properties	1565:1591	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	6	55	theme	starch	1055:1060	arg1	granules					1062:1069	the starch granules	1051:1069	the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants	1051:1106	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	8	56	theme	size	1516:1519	arg1	distribution					1521:1532	starch size distribution	1509:1532	starch size distribution	1509:1532	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	1	57	theme	starch	255:260	arg1	engineering					262:272	starch engineering	255:272	starch engineering	255:272	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	2	58	theme	starch	318:323	arg1	proteins					347:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins	318:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta	318:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	2	59	from	proteins	347:354	arg1	planta					359:364	planta	359:364	planta	359:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	7	60	theme	rough	1360:1364	arg1	granules					1374:1381	rough surface granules	1360:1381	rough surface granules in amf	1360:1388	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	9	61	theme	starch	1827:1832	arg1	biosynthesis					1834:1845	starch biosynthesis	1827:1845	starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties	1827:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	8	62	theme	amylose	1544:1550	arg1	content					1552:1558	apparent amylose content	1535:1558	apparent amylose content	1535:1558	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	8	63	from	differences	1494:1504	arg1	distribution					1521:1532	starch size distribution	1509:1532	starch size distribution	1509:1532	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	8	63	from	differences	1494:1504	arg1	properties					1582:1591	physico-chemical properties	1565:1591	physico-chemical properties	1565:1591	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	8	63	from	differences	1494:1504	arg1	content					1552:1558	apparent amylose content	1535:1558	apparent amylose content	1535:1558	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	2	64	theme	Previous	275:282	arg1	studies					284:290	Previous studies	275:290	Previous studies	275:290	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	7	65	theme	surface	1366:1372	arg1	granules					1374:1381	rough surface granules	1360:1381	rough surface granules in amf	1360:1388	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	4	66	theme	Microbacterium	845:858	arg1	aurum					860:864	Microbacterium aurum	845:864	Microbacterium aurum	845:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	2	67	from	planta	359:364	arg1	expression					304:313	expression	304:313	expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta	304:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	9	68	dep	CONCLUSION	1642:1651	arg1	suggest					1667:1673	suggest	1667:1673	suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties	1667:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	3	69	theme	module	611:616	arg1	family					618:623	carbohydrate binding module family 20	590:626	carbohydrate binding module family 20	590:626	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	1	70	theme	carbohydrate	188:199	arg1	family					216:221	carbohydrate binding module family 20	188:224	carbohydrate binding module family 20	188:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	7	71	from	granules	1374:1381	arg1	Kardal					1349:1354	Kardal	1349:1354	Kardal	1349:1354	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	7	71	from	granules	1374:1381	arg1	amf					1386:1388	amf	1386:1388	amf	1386:1388	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	8	72	from	distribution	1521:1532	arg1	comparison					1596:1605	comparison	1596:1605	comparison to that of untransformed controls	1596:1639	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	3	73	theme	carbohydrate	590:601	arg1	family					618:623	carbohydrate binding module family 20	590:626	carbohydrate binding module family 20	590:626	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	1	74	theme	module	209:214	arg1	family					216:221	carbohydrate binding module family 20	188:224	carbohydrate binding module family 20	188:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	4	75	theme	potato	911:916	arg1	cultivar					918:925	a wild type potato cultivar	899:925	a wild type potato cultivar (cv	899:929	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	7	76	theme	helical	1322:1328	arg1	granules					1337:1344	helical starch granules	1322:1344	helical starch granules in Kardal	1322:1354	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	0	77	theme	starch	128:133	arg1	biosynthesis					135:146	starch biosynthesis	128:146	starch biosynthesis	128:146	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	7	78	dep	granules	1312:1319	arg1	granules					1337:1344	helical starch granules	1322:1344	helical starch granules in Kardal	1322:1354	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	7	78	dep	granules	1312:1319	arg1	granules					1374:1381	rough surface granules	1360:1381	rough surface granules in amf	1360:1388	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	7	79	theme	granules	1312:1319	arg1	changes					1294:1300	morphological changes	1280:1300	morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf)	1280:1389	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	8	80	from	content	1552:1558	arg1	comparison					1596:1605	comparison	1596:1605	comparison to that of untransformed controls	1596:1639	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	4	81	theme	CBM25	733:737	arg1	domain					739:744	the tandem CBM25 domain	722:744	the tandem CBM25 domain	722:744	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	81	theme	CBM25	733:737	arg1	fragments					711:719	two fragments	707:719	two fragments	707:719	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	1	82	from	family	216:221	arg1	domains					175:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains	149:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20	149:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	1	82	from	family	216:221	arg1	tool					246:249	a tool	244:249	a tool for starch engineering	244:272	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	4	83	theme	wild	901:904	arg1	type					906:909	a wild type	899:909	a wild type potato cultivar (cv	899:929	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	7	84	theme	morphological	1280:1292	arg1	changes					1294:1300	morphological changes	1280:1300	morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf)	1280:1389	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	5	85	dep	amylose-free	947:958	arg1	amf					961:963	amf	961:963	amf	961:963	Kardal) and an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant.
29202734	4	86	from	domains	808:814	arg1	aurum					860:864	Microbacterium aurum	845:864	Microbacterium aurum	845:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	7	87	from	granules	1337:1344	arg1	Kardal					1349:1354	Kardal	1349:1354	Kardal	1349:1354	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	7	87	from	granules	1337:1344	arg1	amf					1386:1388	amf	1386:1388	amf	1386:1388	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	6	88	theme	The	989:991	arg1	RESULTS					981:987	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein	981:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein	981:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	6	88	theme	The	989:991	arg1	CBM25					994:998	The (CBM25)2	989:1000	The (CBM25)2	989:1000	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	1	89	theme	BACKGROUND	149:158	arg1	domains					175:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains	149:181	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20	149:224	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	1	89	theme	BACKGROUND	149:158	arg1	tool					246:249	a tool	244:249	a tool for starch engineering	244:272	BACKGROUND Starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been used as a tool for starch engineering.
29202734	7	90	theme	protein	1138:1144	arg1	accumulation					1113:1124	The accumulation	1109:1124	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein	1109:1144	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	9	91	theme	carbohydrate	1712:1723	arg1	family					1740:1745	carbohydrate binding module family 25	1712:1748	carbohydrate binding module family 25	1712:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	4	92	theme	fibronectin	781:791	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	92	theme	fibronectin	781:791	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	93	dep	cultivar	918:925	arg1	cv					928:929	cv	928:929	cv	928:929	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	9	94	theme	module	1733:1738	arg1	family					1740:1745	carbohydrate binding module family 25	1712:1748	carbohydrate binding module family 25	1712:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	2	95	theme	granule	394:400	arg1	structures					402:411	modified starch granule structures	378:411	modified starch granule structures	378:411	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	0	96	theme	tandem	2:7	arg1	α-amylase					25:33	α-amylase	25:33	α-amylase	25:33	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	0	96	theme	tandem	2:7	arg1	domain					15:20	A tandem CBM25 domain	0:20	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.	0:147	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	8	97	theme	different	1445:1453	arg1	transformants					1455:1467	the different transformants	1441:1467	the different transformants	1441:1467	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	4	98	theme	tandem	754:759	arg1	fragments					711:719	two fragments	707:719	two fragments	707:719	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	98	theme	tandem	754:759	arg1	CBM25					761:765	the tandem CBM25	750:765	the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	750:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	2	99	theme	modified	378:385	arg1	structures					402:411	modified starch granule structures	378:411	modified starch granule structures	378:411	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	6	100	theme	FN3	1006:1008	arg1	RESULTS					981:987	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein	981:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein	981:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	6	100	theme	FN3	1006:1008	arg1	protein					1010:1016	FN3 protein	1006:1016	FN3 protein	1006:1016	RESULTS The (CBM25)2 and FN3 protein were successfully accumulated in the starch granules of both Kardal and amf transformants.
29202734	0	101	theme	α-amylase	25:33	arg1	α-amylase					25:33	α-amylase	25:33	α-amylase	25:33	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	0	101	theme	α-amylase	25:33	arg1	domain					15:20	A tandem CBM25 domain	0:20	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.	0:147	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	7	102	theme	rough	1224:1228	arg1	granules					1237:1244	rough starch granules	1224:1244	rough starch granules in amf	1224:1251	The accumulation of (CBM25)2 protein did not result in starch morphological alterations in Kardal but gave rise to rough starch granules in amf, while the FN3 resulted in morphological changes of starch granules (helical starch granules in Kardal and rough surface granules in amf) but only at a very low frequency.
29202734	3	103	theme	binding	479:485	arg1	module					487:492	13 carbohydrate binding module	463:492	13 carbohydrate binding module families	463:501	However, although 13 carbohydrate binding module families have been reported to contain starch-binding domains, only starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 20 have been well studied and introduced into plants successfully.
29202734	0	104	theme	Microbacterium	40:53	arg1	aurum					55:59	Microbacterium aurum	40:59	Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis	40:146	A tandem CBM25 domain of α-amylase from Microbacterium aurum as potential tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis.
29202734	9	105	theme	novel	1767:1771	arg1	tool					1773:1776	a novel tool	1765:1776	a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties	1765:1915	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	9	105	theme	novel	1767:1771	arg1	domains					1699:1705	the starch-binding domains	1680:1705	the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25	1680:1748	CONCLUSION These results suggest that the starch-binding domains from carbohydrate binding module family 25 can be used as a novel tool for targeting proteins to starch granules during starch biosynthesis without side-effects on starch morphology, composition and properties.
29202734	4	106	theme	enzyme	833:838	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	106	theme	enzyme	833:838	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	2	107	theme	fusion	340:345	arg1	proteins					347:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins	318:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta	318:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
29202734	8	108	theme	starch	1509:1514	arg1	distribution					1521:1532	starch size distribution	1509:1532	starch size distribution	1509:1532	The starches of the different transformants did not show significant differences in starch size distribution, apparent amylose content, and physico-chemical properties in comparison to that of untransformed controls.
29202734	4	109	theme	FN3	803:805	arg1	domains					808:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains	772:814	multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	772:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	4	109	theme	FN3	803:805	arg1	enzyme					833:838	the α-amylase enzyme	819:838	the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum	819:864	In this study, two fragments, the tandem CBM25 domain and the tandem CBM25 with multiple fibronectin type III (FN3) domains of the α-amylase enzyme from Microbacterium aurum, were expressed in the tubers of a wild type potato cultivar (cv.
29202734	2	110	theme	binding	325:331	arg1	proteins					347:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins	318:354	starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta	318:364	Previous studies showed that expression of starch binding domain fusion proteins in planta resulted in modified starch granule structures and physicochemical properties.
28684633	6	0	theme	intestinal	1007:1016	arg1	microbiota					1018:1027	the intestinal microbiota	1003:1027	the intestinal microbiota	1003:1027	In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
28684633	5	1	theme	weeks	914:918	arg1	gestation					920:928	25-27 weeks gestation	908:928	25-27 weeks gestation	908:928	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	4	2	theme	16S-rRNA	744:751	arg1	sequencing					758:767	16S-rRNA gene sequencing	744:767	16S-rRNA gene sequencing	744:767	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	0	3	theme	infants	94:100	arg1	development					71:81	intestinal microbiota development	49:81	intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants	49:100	Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants.
28684633	10	4	theme	associated	1759:1768	arg1	factors					1770:1776	its associated factors	1755:1776	its associated factors	1755:1776	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	6	5	theme	high	1108:1111	arg1	abundance					1113:1121	high abundance	1108:1121	high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism	1108:1180	In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
28684633	10	6	with	interference	1848:1859	arg1	development					1877:1887	microbiota development	1866:1887	microbiota development	1866:1887	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	4	7	theme	microbiota	556:565	arg1	composition					567:577	fecal microbiota composition	550:577	fecal microbiota composition	550:577	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	2	8	from	Establishment	213:225	arg1	turn					264:267	its turn	260:267	its turn	260:267	Establishment of the intestinal microbiota, in its turn, is affected by host and environmental factors.
28684633	9	9	from	activity	1634:1641	arg1	infants					1654:1660	preterm infants	1646:1660	preterm infants	1646:1660	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	8	10	theme	antibiotic	1417:1426	arg1	treatment					1428:1436	antibiotic treatment	1417:1436	antibiotic treatment	1417:1436	Delayed colonization by obligate anaerobes could be associated with antibiotic treatment and respiratory support.
28684633	6	11	theme	energy	1164:1169	arg1	metabolism					1171:1180	energy metabolism	1164:1180	energy metabolism	1164:1180	In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
28684633	6	12	theme	preterm	986:992	arg1	infants					994:1000	very preterm infants	981:1000	very preterm infants	981:1000	In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
28684633	10	13	theme	gut	1670:1672	arg1	microbiota					1674:1683	the gut microbiota	1666:1683	the gut microbiota	1666:1683	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	9	14	theme	intestinal	1596:1605	arg1	composition					1618:1628	intestinal microbiota composition	1596:1628	intestinal microbiota composition	1596:1628	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	9	15	theme	preterm	1646:1652	arg1	infants					1654:1660	preterm infants	1646:1660	preterm infants	1646:1660	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	3	16	contain	have	404:407	arg1	infants					391:397	preterm infants	383:397	preterm infants	383:397	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	3	16	contain	have	404:407	arg2	gut					421:423	an immature gut	409:423	an immature gut	409:423	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	5	17	dep	preterm	940:946	arg1	gestation					958:966	30 weeks gestation	949:966	30 weeks gestation	949:966	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	10	18	theme	major	1693:1697	arg1	role					1699:1702	a major role	1691:1702	a major role	1691:1702	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	4	19	theme	postnatal	690:698	arg1	weeks					700:704	the first six postnatal weeks	676:704	the first six postnatal weeks	676:704	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	9	20	dep	CONCLUSION	1463:1472	arg1	speculate					1477:1485	speculate	1477:1485	speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants	1477:1660	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	5	21	dep	RESULTS	770:776	arg1	observed					829:836	observed	829:836	observed	829:836	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	6	22	theme	Bifidobacterium-dominated	1048:1072	arg1	community					1074:1082	a Bifidobacterium-dominated community	1046:1082	a Bifidobacterium-dominated community	1046:1082	In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
28684633	4	23	theme	gene	753:756	arg1	sequencing					758:767	16S-rRNA gene sequencing	744:767	16S-rRNA gene sequencing	744:767	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	9	24	theme	care	1540:1543	arg1	intensity					1527:1535	its associated intensity	1512:1535	its associated intensity of care	1512:1543	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	9	24	theme	care	1540:1543	arg1	age					1504:1506	gestational age	1492:1506	gestational age	1492:1506	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	3	25	theme	gut	345:347	arg1	microbiota					349:358	the gut microbiota	341:358	the gut microbiota	341:358	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	7	26	theme	facultative	1245:1255	arg1	anaerobes					1257:1265	facultative anaerobes	1245:1265	facultative anaerobes	1245:1265	Extremely preterm infants remained predominantly colonized by facultative anaerobes and were associated with proteins involved in membrane transport and translation.
28684633	1	27	dep	tract	149:153	arg1	the					128:130	the	128:130	the	128:130	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	10	28	theme	neonate	1726:1732	arg1	development					1707:1717	development	1707:1717	development of the neonate	1707:1732	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	10	29	theme	gestational	1735:1745	arg1	age					1747:1749	gestational age	1735:1749	gestational age	1735:1749	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	5	30	theme	gestational-age-dependent	780:804	arg1	signature					816:824	A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature	778:824	A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature	778:824	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	4	31	dep	DESIGN	531:536	arg1	analyzed					541:548	analyzed	541:548	analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing	541:767	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	10	32	theme	later	1812:1816	arg1	complications					1830:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	10	33	theme	microbiota	1866:1875	arg1	development					1877:1887	microbiota development	1866:1887	microbiota development	1866:1887	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	1	34	theme	OBJECTIVE	103:111	arg1	Development					113:123	OBJECTIVE Development	103:123	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system	103:171	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	1	35	theme	gut	197:199	arg1	microbiota					201:210	the gut microbiota	193:210	the gut microbiota	193:210	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	3	36	theme	preterm	383:389	arg1	infants					391:397	preterm infants	383:397	preterm infants	383:397	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	8	37	theme	respiratory	1442:1452	arg1	support					1454:1460	respiratory support	1442:1460	respiratory support	1442:1460	Delayed colonization by obligate anaerobes could be associated with antibiotic treatment and respiratory support.
28684633	3	38	theme	immature	412:419	arg1	gut					421:423	an immature gut	409:423	an immature gut	409:423	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	7	39	theme	preterm	1193:1199	arg1	infants					1201:1207	Extremely preterm infants	1183:1207	Extremely preterm infants	1183:1207	Extremely preterm infants remained predominantly colonized by facultative anaerobes and were associated with proteins involved in membrane transport and translation.
28684633	5	40	theme	microbial	806:814	arg1	signature					816:824	A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature	778:824	A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature	778:824	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	5	41	theme	preterm	940:946	arg1	infants					969:975	extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants	889:975	extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants	889:975	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	5	42	theme	weeks	952:956	arg1	gestation					958:966	30 weeks gestation	949:966	30 weeks gestation	949:966	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	4	43	theme	gestational	616:626	arg1	weeks					638:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks	616:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g	616:666	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	0	44	theme	functional	23:32	arg1	differences					34:44	functional differences	23:44	functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants	23:100	Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants.
28684633	4	45	theme	fecal	550:554	arg1	composition					567:577	fecal microbiota composition	550:577	fecal microbiota composition	550:577	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	10	46	theme	health	1823:1828	arg1	complications					1830:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	2	47	theme	environmental	294:306	arg1	factors					308:314	environmental factors	294:314	environmental factors	294:314	Establishment of the intestinal microbiota, in its turn, is affected by host and environmental factors.
28684633	9	48	theme	associated	1516:1525	arg1	intensity					1527:1535	its associated intensity	1512:1535	its associated intensity of care	1512:1543	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	6	49	theme	proteins	1126:1133	arg1	abundance					1113:1121	high abundance	1108:1121	high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism	1108:1180	In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
28684633	0	50	theme	intestinal	49:58	arg1	development					71:81	intestinal microbiota development	49:81	intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants	49:100	Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants.
28684633	3	51	theme	caesarean	474:482	arg1	section					484:490	caesarean section	474:490	caesarean section	474:490	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	9	52	from	composition	1618:1628	arg1	infants					1654:1660	preterm infants	1646:1660	preterm infants	1646:1660	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	9	53	theme	gestational	1492:1502	arg1	age					1504:1506	gestational age	1492:1506	gestational age	1492:1506	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	4	54	theme	birthweight	645:655	arg1	g					666:666	birthweight 630-1750 g	645:666	gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g	616:666	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	4	55	theme	25-30	632:636	arg1	weeks					638:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks	616:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g	616:666	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	9	56	dep	antibiotics	1551:1561	arg1	e.g.					1546:1549	e.g.	1546:1549	e.g.	1546:1549	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	9	57	theme	respiratory	1567:1577	arg1	support					1579:1585	respiratory support	1567:1585	respiratory support	1567:1585	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	5	58	dep	preterm	899:905	arg1	gestation					920:928	25-27 weeks gestation	908:928	25-27 weeks gestation	908:928	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	4	59	theme	age	628:630	arg1	weeks					638:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks	616:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g	616:666	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	3	60	theme	microbiota	349:358	arg1	development					326:336	development	326:336	development of the gut microbiota	326:358	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	3	60	theme	microbiota	349:358	arg1	such					320:323	such	320:323	such	320:323	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	2	61	theme	microbiota	245:254	arg1	Establishment					213:225	Establishment	213:225	Establishment	213:225	Establishment of the intestinal microbiota, in its turn, is affected by host and environmental factors.
28684633	1	62	theme	gastrointestinal	132:147	arg1	tract					149:153	gastrointestinal tract	132:153	gastrointestinal tract	132:153	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	0	63	theme	microbiota	60:69	arg1	development					71:81	intestinal microbiota development	49:81	intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants	49:100	Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants.
28684633	4	64	dep	infants	607:613	arg1	weeks					638:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks	616:642	gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g	616:666	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	2	65	theme	intestinal	234:243	arg1	microbiota					245:254	the intestinal microbiota	230:254	the intestinal microbiota	230:254	Establishment of the intestinal microbiota, in its turn, is affected by host and environmental factors.
28684633	1	66	theme	tract	149:153	arg1	Development					113:123	OBJECTIVE Development	103:123	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system	103:171	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	4	67	dep	weeks	638:642	arg1	g					666:666	birthweight 630-1750 g	645:666	gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g	616:666	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	8	68	theme	obligate	1373:1380	arg1	anaerobes					1382:1390	obligate anaerobes	1373:1390	obligate anaerobes	1373:1390	Delayed colonization by obligate anaerobes could be associated with antibiotic treatment and respiratory support.
28684633	5	69	theme	preterm	899:905	arg1	infants					969:975	extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants	889:975	extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants	889:975	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	10	70	theme	early	1802:1806	arg1	complications					1830:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	3	71	theme	respiratory	510:520	arg1	support					522:528	respiratory support	510:528	respiratory support	510:528	As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support.
28684633	9	72	dep	age	1504:1506	arg1	antibiotics					1551:1561	antibiotics	1551:1561	antibiotics	1551:1561	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	9	72	dep	age	1504:1506	arg1	support					1579:1585	respiratory support	1567:1585	respiratory support	1567:1585	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	1	73	theme	immune	159:164	arg1	system					166:171	immune system	159:171	immune system	159:171	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	0	74	theme	preterm	86:92	arg1	infants					94:100	preterm infants	86:100	preterm infants	86:100	Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants.
28684633	5	75	theme	microbiota-based	848:863	arg1	differentiation					865:879	microbiota-based differentiation	848:879	microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants	848:975	RESULTS A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25-27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants.
28684633	9	76	theme	microbiota	1607:1616	arg1	composition					1618:1628	intestinal microbiota composition	1596:1628	intestinal microbiota composition	1596:1628	CONCLUSION We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants.
28684633	1	77	theme	system	166:171	arg1	Development					113:123	OBJECTIVE Development	103:123	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system	103:171	OBJECTIVE Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota.
28684633	4	78	theme	infants	607:613	arg1	activity					583:590	activity	583:590	activity	583:590	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	4	78	theme	infants	607:613	arg1	composition					567:577	fecal microbiota composition	550:577	fecal microbiota composition	550:577	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	10	79	theme	life	1818:1821	arg1	complications					1830:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	early and later life health complications	1802:1842	As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
28684633	0	80	from	differences	34:44	arg1	development					71:81	intestinal microbiota development	49:81	intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants	49:100	Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants.
28684633	4	81	theme	preterm	599:605	arg1	infants					607:613	ten preterm infants	595:613	ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g)	595:667	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
28684633	7	82	theme	membrane	1313:1320	arg1	transport					1322:1330	membrane transport	1313:1330	membrane transport	1313:1330	Extremely preterm infants remained predominantly colonized by facultative anaerobes and were associated with proteins involved in membrane transport and translation.
28684633	8	83	theme	Delayed	1349:1355	arg1	colonization					1357:1368	Delayed colonization	1349:1368	Delayed colonization by obligate anaerobes	1349:1390	Delayed colonization by obligate anaerobes could be associated with antibiotic treatment and respiratory support.
28684633	4	84	theme	first	680:684	arg1	weeks					700:704	the first six postnatal weeks	676:704	the first six postnatal weeks	676:704	DESIGN We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25-30 weeks; birthweight 630-1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing.
25290156	2	0	theme	cell	353:356	arg1	membranes					358:366	their cell membranes	347:366	their cell membranes	347:366	Distributed to various taxa of life, these organisms have developed strategies to efficiently protect their cell membranes and proteins against extreme water loss.
25290156	6	1	from	gain	1257:1260	arg1	volume					1281:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	9	2	theme	fast	1960:1963	arg1	rehydration					1965:1975	fast rehydration	1960:1975	fast rehydration	1960:1975	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	6	3	theme	free	1276:1279	arg1	volume					1281:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	4	theme	PC	1180:1181	arg1	content					1183:1189	reduced PC content	1172:1189	reduced PC content	1172:1189	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	5	theme	acyl	1265:1268	arg1	chain					1270:1274	acyl chain	1265:1274	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	3	6	theme	trehalose	538:546	arg1	trehalose					538:546	trehalose	538:546	trehalose	538:546	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	3	6	theme	trehalose	538:546	arg1	amounts					527:533	high amounts	522:533	high amounts of trehalose	522:546	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	7	7	theme	hydration	1423:1431	arg1	crucial					1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	7	7	theme	hydration	1423:1431	arg1	properties					1433:1442	The different hydration properties	1409:1442	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups	1409:1493	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	1	8	theme	body	198:201	arg1	water					203:207	body water	198:207	body water	198:207	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	6	9	theme	preconditioned	1145:1158	arg1	larvae					1160:1165	preconditioned larvae	1145:1165	preconditioned larvae	1145:1165	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	4	10	theme	genetic	631:637	arg1	model					639:643	this genetic model	626:643	this genetic model	626:643	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	6	11	theme	rates	1333:1337	arg1	spread					1301:1306	a wider spread	1293:1306	a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1293:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	11	theme	rates	1333:1337	arg1	gain					1257:1260	a stronger hydration-induced gain	1228:1260	a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume	1228:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	11	theme	rates	1333:1337	arg1	affinity					1218:1225	a higher trehalose affinity	1199:1225	a higher trehalose affinity	1199:1225	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	3	12	theme	harsh	570:574	arg1	preconditioning					589:603	preconditioning	589:603	preconditioning	589:603	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	3	12	theme	harsh	570:574	arg1	desiccation					576:586	harsh desiccation	570:586	harsh desiccation (preconditioning)	570:604	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	4	13	dep	accumulation	742:753	arg1	addition					720:727	addition	720:727	addition	720:727	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	6	14	theme	hydration-induced	1239:1255	arg1	gain					1257:1260	a stronger hydration-induced gain	1228:1260	a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume	1228:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	15	theme	structural	1311:1320	arg1	rates					1333:1337	structural relaxation rates	1311:1337	structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1311:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	7	16	dep	PC	1447:1448	arg1	headgroups					1484:1493	headgroups	1484:1493	headgroups	1484:1493	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	9	17	theme	PC	1784:1785	arg1	ratio					1790:1794	the PC:PE ratio	1780:1794	the PC:PE ratio	1780:1794	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	2	18	theme	various	260:266	arg1	taxa					268:271	various taxa	260:271	various taxa of life	260:279	Distributed to various taxa of life, these organisms have developed strategies to efficiently protect their cell membranes and proteins against extreme water loss.
25290156	9	19	theme	PE	1787:1788	arg1	ratio					1790:1794	the PC:PE ratio	1780:1794	the PC:PE ratio	1780:1794	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	6	20	theme	higher	1201:1206	arg1	affinity					1218:1225	a higher trehalose affinity	1199:1225	a higher trehalose affinity	1199:1225	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	4	21	theme	anhydrobiosis	688:700	arg1	manifestations					670:683	the biophysical manifestations	654:683	the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis	654:700	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	6	22	theme	interactions	1395:1406	arg1	rates					1333:1337	structural relaxation rates	1311:1337	structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1311:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	5	23	theme	FTIR	1117:1120	arg1	spectroscopy					1122:1133	time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy	1103:1133	time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy	1103:1133	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	5	24	theme	key	885:887	arg1	consequences					889:900	key consequences	885:900	key consequences	885:900	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	5	25	contain	has	881:883	arg1	composition					842:852	The chemical composition	829:852	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs)	829:879	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	5	25	contain	has	881:883	arg2	consequences					889:900	key consequences	885:900	key consequences	885:900	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	9	26	theme	PL	1799:1800	arg1	adaptation					1812:1821	PL headgroup adaptation	1799:1821	PL headgroup adaptation	1799:1821	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	0	27	theme	desiccation	68:78	arg1	tolerance					80:88	the desiccation tolerance	64:88	the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans	64:114	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	9	28	theme	headgroup	1802:1810	arg1	adaptation					1812:1821	PL headgroup adaptation	1799:1821	PL headgroup adaptation	1799:1821	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	6	29	theme	transitions	1358:1368	arg1	rates					1333:1337	structural relaxation rates	1311:1337	structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1311:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	9	30	from	cells	1947:1951	arg1	strain					1903:1908	mechanical strain	1892:1908	mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells	1892:1951	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	0	31	theme	elegans	108:114	arg1	tolerance					80:88	the desiccation tolerance	64:88	the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans	64:114	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	5	32	theme	Langmuir-Blodgett	972:988	arg1	monolayers					990:999	Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers	972:999	Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers	972:999	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	4	33	theme	trehalose	732:740	arg1	accumulation					742:753	trehalose accumulation	732:753	trehalose accumulation	732:753	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	2	34	theme	extreme	389:395	arg1	loss					403:406	extreme water loss	389:406	extreme water loss	389:406	Distributed to various taxa of life, these organisms have developed strategies to efficiently protect their cell membranes and proteins against extreme water loss.
25290156	7	35	theme	network	1582:1588	arg1	rearrangement					1535:1547	the hydration-dependent rearrangement	1511:1547	the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network	1511:1588	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	9	36	theme	membrane	1860:1867	arg1	integrity					1869:1877	plasma membrane integrity	1853:1877	plasma membrane integrity	1853:1877	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	6	37	from	larvae	1160:1165	arg1	PLs					1136:1138	PLs	1136:1138	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content	1136:1189	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	1	38	theme	extensive	177:185	arg1	amounts					187:193	extensive amounts	177:193	extensive amounts of body water	177:207	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	1	38	theme	extensive	177:185	arg1	water					203:207	body water	198:207	body water	198:207	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	0	39	theme	headgroup	25:33	arg1	composition					35:45	phospholipid headgroup composition	12:45	phospholipid headgroup composition	12:45	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	7	40	theme	trehalose-mediated	1556:1573	arg1	network					1582:1588	the trehalose-mediated H-bond network	1552:1588	the trehalose-mediated H-bond network	1552:1588	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	9	41	theme	mechanical	1892:1901	arg1	strain					1903:1908	mechanical strain	1892:1908	mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells	1892:1951	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	4	42	theme	phosphatidylcholine	795:813	arg1	content					820:826	their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content	789:826	their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content	789:826	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	3	43	theme	Caenorhabditis	466:479	arg1	elegans					481:487	the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	453:487	the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	453:487	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	7	44	theme	PC	1447:1448	arg1	crucial					1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	7	44	theme	PC	1447:1448	arg1	properties					1433:1442	The different hydration properties	1409:1442	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups	1409:1493	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	7	45	theme	hydration-dependent	1515:1533	arg1	rearrangement					1535:1547	the hydration-dependent rearrangement	1511:1547	the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network	1511:1588	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	8	46	theme	PLs	1640:1642	arg1	2.6-fold					1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	46	theme	PLs	1640:1642	arg1	modulus					1629:1635	the compressibility modulus	1609:1635	the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae	1609:1669	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	46	theme	PLs	1640:1642	arg1	smaller					1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	3	47	theme	high	522:525	arg1	trehalose					538:546	trehalose	538:546	trehalose	538:546	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	3	47	theme	high	522:525	arg1	amounts					527:533	high amounts	522:533	high amounts of trehalose	522:546	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	9	48	theme	trehalose-containing	1926:1945	arg1	cells					1947:1951	desiccated trehalose-containing cells	1915:1951	desiccated trehalose-containing cells	1915:1951	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	8	49	theme	preconditioned	1649:1662	arg1	larvae					1664:1669	preconditioned larvae	1649:1669	preconditioned larvae	1649:1669	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	1	50	contain	have	141:144	arg2	ability					161:167	the remarkable ability	146:167	the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state	146:242	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	1	50	contain	have	141:144	arg1	organisms					131:139	Anhydrobiotic organisms	117:139	Anhydrobiotic organisms	117:139	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	6	51	with	PLs	1136:1138	arg1	content					1183:1189	reduced PC content	1172:1189	reduced PC content	1172:1189	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	7	52	theme	phosphatidylethanolamine	1454:1477	arg1	crucial					1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	7	52	theme	phosphatidylethanolamine	1454:1477	arg1	properties					1433:1442	The different hydration properties	1409:1442	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups	1409:1493	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	6	53	theme	chain	1270:1274	arg1	volume					1281:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	2	54	theme	life	276:279	arg1	taxa					268:271	various taxa	260:271	various taxa of life	260:279	Distributed to various taxa of life, these organisms have developed strategies to efficiently protect their cell membranes and proteins against extreme water loss.
25290156	5	55	theme	phospholipids	861:873	arg1	composition					842:852	The chemical composition	829:852	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs)	829:879	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	6	56	theme	reduced	1172:1178	arg1	content					1183:1189	reduced PC content	1172:1189	reduced PC content	1172:1189	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	57	theme	sub-headgroup	1374:1386	arg1	interactions					1395:1406	sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1374:1406	sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1374:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	4	58	theme	biophysical	658:668	arg1	manifestations					670:683	the biophysical manifestations	654:683	the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis	654:700	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	8	59	from	larvae	1664:1669	arg1	2.6-fold					1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	59	from	larvae	1664:1669	arg1	modulus					1629:1635	the compressibility modulus	1609:1635	the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae	1609:1669	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	59	from	larvae	1664:1669	arg1	smaller					1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	5	60	theme	chemical	833:840	arg1	composition					842:852	The chemical composition	829:852	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs)	829:879	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	9	61	theme	biological	1747:1756	arg1	relevance					1758:1766	the biological relevance	1743:1766	the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation	1743:1821	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	9	61	theme	biological	1747:1756	arg1	preservation					1837:1848	the preservation	1833:1848	the preservation of plasma membrane integrity	1833:1877	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	7	62	theme	different	1413:1421	arg1	crucial					1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	crucial	1499:1505	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	7	62	theme	different	1413:1421	arg1	properties					1433:1442	The different hydration properties	1409:1442	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups	1409:1493	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	6	63	theme	relaxation	1322:1331	arg1	rates					1333:1337	structural relaxation rates	1311:1337	structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1311:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	6	64	theme	stronger	1230:1237	arg1	gain					1257:1260	a stronger hydration-induced gain	1228:1260	a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume	1228:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	1	65	theme	Anhydrobiotic	117:129	arg1	organisms					131:139	Anhydrobiotic organisms	117:139	Anhydrobiotic organisms	117:139	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	6	66	theme	wider	1295:1299	arg1	spread					1301:1306	a wider spread	1293:1306	a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1293:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	5	67	theme	PLs	1036:1038	arg1	response					1024:1031	the kinetic response	1012:1031	the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients	1012:1062	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	6	68	theme	trehalose	1208:1216	arg1	affinity					1218:1225	a higher trehalose affinity	1199:1225	a higher trehalose affinity	1199:1225	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	5	69	theme	hydration	1043:1051	arg1	transients					1053:1062	hydration transients	1043:1062	hydration transients	1043:1062	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	1	70	theme	water	203:207	arg1	amounts					187:193	extensive amounts	177:193	extensive amounts of body water	177:207	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	1	70	theme	water	203:207	arg1	water					203:207	body water	198:207	body water	198:207	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	1	71	theme	remarkable	150:159	arg1	ability					161:167	the remarkable ability	146:167	the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state	146:242	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	6	72	theme	H-bond	1388:1393	arg1	interactions					1395:1406	sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1374:1406	sub-headgroup H-bond interactions	1374:1406	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	8	73	dep	2.6-fold	1680:1687	arg1	2.6-fold					1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	73	dep	2.6-fold	1680:1687	arg1	modulus					1629:1635	the compressibility modulus	1609:1635	the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae	1609:1669	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	73	dep	2.6-fold	1680:1687	arg1	smaller					1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	4	74	used	used	621:624	arg2	we					613:614	we	613:614	we	613:614	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	0	75	from	role	4:7	arg1	tolerance					80:88	the desiccation tolerance	64:88	the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans	64:114	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	6	76	from	affinity	1218:1225	arg1	volume					1281:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	0	77	theme	Caenorhabditis	93:106	arg1	elegans					108:114	Caenorhabditis elegans	93:114	Caenorhabditis elegans	93:114	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	5	78	dep	interaction	921:931	arg1	only					906:909	only	906:909	only	906:909	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	4	79	theme	dauer	756:760	arg1	larvae					762:767	dauer larvae	756:767	dauer larvae	756:767	Here, we have used this genetic model to study the biophysical manifestations of anhydrobiosis and show that, in addition to trehalose accumulation, dauer larvae dramatically reduce their phosphatidylcholine (PC) content.
25290156	6	80	theme	lyotropic	1348:1356	arg1	transitions					1358:1368	their lyotropic transitions	1342:1368	their lyotropic transitions	1342:1368	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	5	81	with	interaction	921:931	arg1	trehalose					938:946	trehalose	938:946	trehalose	938:946	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	2	82	theme	water	397:401	arg1	loss					403:406	extreme water loss	389:406	extreme water loss	389:406	Distributed to various taxa of life, these organisms have developed strategies to efficiently protect their cell membranes and proteins against extreme water loss.
25290156	5	83	theme	time-resolved	1103:1115	arg1	spectroscopy					1122:1133	time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy	1103:1133	time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy	1103:1133	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	0	84	theme	phospholipid	12:23	arg1	composition					35:45	phospholipid headgroup composition	12:45	phospholipid headgroup composition	12:45	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	9	85	theme	plasma	1853:1858	arg1	integrity					1869:1877	plasma membrane integrity	1853:1877	plasma membrane integrity	1853:1877	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	3	86	theme	nematode	457:464	arg1	elegans					481:487	the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	453:487	the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	453:487	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	0	87	theme	composition	35:45	arg1	role					4:7	The role	0:7	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.	0:115	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	9	88	theme	desiccated	1915:1924	arg1	cells					1947:1951	desiccated trehalose-containing cells	1915:1951	desiccated trehalose-containing cells	1915:1951	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	9	89	theme	integrity	1869:1877	arg1	relevance					1758:1766	the biological relevance	1743:1766	the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation	1743:1821	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	9	89	theme	integrity	1869:1877	arg1	preservation					1837:1848	the preservation	1833:1848	the preservation of plasma membrane integrity	1833:1877	Thus, the biological relevance of reducing the PC:PE ratio by PL headgroup adaptation should be the preservation of plasma membrane integrity by relieving mechanical strain from desiccated trehalose-containing cells during fast rehydration.
25290156	8	90	theme	compressibility	1613:1627	arg1	2.6-fold					1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	2.6-fold	1680:1687	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	90	theme	compressibility	1613:1627	arg1	modulus					1629:1635	the compressibility modulus	1609:1635	the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae	1609:1669	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	8	90	theme	compressibility	1613:1627	arg1	smaller					1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	smaller	1689:1695	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	0	91	theme	trehalose	51:59	arg1	role					4:7	The role	0:7	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.	0:115	The role of phospholipid headgroup composition and trehalose in the desiccation tolerance of Caenorhabditis elegans.
25290156	7	92	theme	H-bond	1575:1580	arg1	network					1582:1588	the trehalose-mediated H-bond network	1552:1588	the trehalose-mediated H-bond network	1552:1588	The different hydration properties of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) headgroups are crucial for the hydration-dependent rearrangement of the trehalose-mediated H-bond network.
25290156	5	93	theme	kinetic	1016:1022	arg1	response					1024:1031	the kinetic response	1012:1031	the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients	1012:1062	The chemical composition of the phospholipids (PLs) has key consequences not only for their interaction with trehalose, as we demonstrate with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers, but also, the kinetic response of PLs to hydration transients is strongly influenced as evidenced by time-resolved FTIR spectroscopy.
25290156	6	94	from	spread	1301:1306	arg1	volume					1281:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	acyl chain free volume	1265:1286	PLs from preconditioned larvae with reduced PC content exhibit a higher trehalose affinity, a stronger hydration-induced gain in acyl chain free volume, and a wider spread of structural relaxation rates of their lyotropic transitions and sub-headgroup H-bond interactions.
25290156	3	95	theme	elegans	481:487	arg1	anhydrobiotic					492:504	anhydrobiotic	492:504	anhydrobiotic	492:504	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	3	95	theme	elegans	481:487	arg1	larva					444:448	the dauer larva	434:448	the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	434:487	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	8	96	theme	non-preconditioned	1712:1729	arg1	ones					1731:1734	non-preconditioned ones	1712:1734	non-preconditioned ones	1712:1734	As a consequence, the compressibility modulus of PLs from preconditioned larvae is about 2.6-fold smaller than that from non-preconditioned ones.
25290156	1	97	theme	ametabolic	227:236	arg1	state					238:242	an ametabolic state	224:242	an ametabolic state	224:242	Anhydrobiotic organisms have the remarkable ability to lose extensive amounts of body water and survive in an ametabolic state.
25290156	3	98	theme	dauer	438:442	arg1	anhydrobiotic					492:504	anhydrobiotic	492:504	anhydrobiotic	492:504	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25290156	3	98	theme	dauer	438:442	arg1	larva					444:448	the dauer larva	434:448	the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans	434:487	Recently, we showed that the dauer larva of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is anhydrobiotic and accumulates high amounts of trehalose during preparation to harsh desiccation (preconditioning).
25466026	0	0	theme	brown	73:77	arg1	breads					84:89	brown rice breads	73:89	brown rice breads	73:89	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	3	1	theme	protein	939:945	arg1	digestibility					947:959	in vitro protein digestibility	930:959	in vitro protein digestibility	930:959	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	2	theme	acid	866:869	arg1	content					871:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	1	3	theme	nutritional	136:146	arg1	benefits					148:155	the nutritional benefits	132:155	the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	132:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	3	4	theme	bioactive	772:780	arg1	GABA					793:796	GABA	793:796	GABA	793:796	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	4	theme	bioactive	772:780	arg1	compounds					782:790	bioactive compounds	772:790	bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols)	772:813	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	4	theme	bioactive	772:780	arg1	polyphenols					802:812	polyphenols	802:812	polyphenols	802:812	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	5	dep	acid	255:258	arg1	γ-oryzanol					421:430	γ-oryzanol	421:430	γ-oryzanol	421:430	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	5	dep	acid	255:258	arg1	GABA					415:418	GABA	415:418	GABA	415:418	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	5	dep	acid	255:258	arg1	compounds					451:459	total phenolic compounds	436:459	total phenolic compounds	436:459	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	4	6	theme	nutritional	1055:1065	arg1	quality					1067:1073	the nutritional quality	1051:1073	the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads	1051:1100	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	0	7	theme	breads	84:89	arg1	value					40:44	the nutritive value	26:44	the nutritive value	26:44	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	0	7	theme	breads	84:89	arg1	compounds					60:68	bioactive compounds	50:68	bioactive compounds	50:68	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	0	8	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	value					40:44	the nutritive value	26:44	the nutritive value	26:44	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	0	8	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	compounds					60:68	bioactive compounds	50:68	bioactive compounds	50:68	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	3	9	theme	in	930:931	arg1	digestibility					947:959	in vitro protein digestibility	930:959	in vitro protein digestibility	930:959	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	10	theme	lipids	761:766	arg1	content					871:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	10	theme	lipids	761:766	arg1	content					741:747	its higher content	730:747	its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols)	730:813	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	10	theme	lipids	761:766	arg1	activity					838:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	0	11	theme	rice	79:82	arg1	breads					84:89	brown rice breads	73:89	brown rice breads	73:89	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	3	12	from	index	893:897	arg1	basis					721:725	the basis	717:725	the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content	717:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	13	theme	germination	528:538	arg1	conditions					540:549	different germination conditions	518:549	different germination conditions	518:549	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	14	theme	glycaemic	883:891	arg1	index					893:897	glycaemic index	883:897	glycaemic index	883:897	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	15	theme	phytic	248:253	arg1	acid					255:258	phytic acid	248:258	phytic acid	248:258	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	16	theme	content	356:362	arg1	acid					255:258	phytic acid	248:258	phytic acid	248:258	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	16	theme	content	356:362	arg1	activity					478:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	16	theme	content	356:362	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	16	theme	content	356:362	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	16	theme	content	356:362	arg1	composition					235:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	4	17	theme	rice	1090:1093	arg1	breads					1095:1100	gluten-free rice breads	1078:1100	gluten-free rice breads	1078:1100	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	3	18	dep	times	604:608	arg1	h					625:625	24 h	622:625	24 h	622:625	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	18	dep	times	604:608	arg1	h					634:634	48 h	631:634	48 h	631:634	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	18	dep	times	604:608	arg1	times					604:608	different germination times	582:608	different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h)	582:635	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	18	dep	times	604:608	arg1	h					613:613	0 h	611:613	0 h	611:613	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	18	dep	times	604:608	arg1	h					619:619	12 h	616:619	12 h	616:619	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	19	theme	compounds	782:790	arg1	content					871:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	19	theme	compounds	782:790	arg1	content					741:747	its higher content	730:747	its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols)	730:813	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	19	theme	compounds	782:790	arg1	activity					838:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	20	theme	starch	349:354	arg1	content					356:362	starch content	349:362	starch content	349:362	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	21	theme	bioactive	394:402	arg1	compounds					404:412	the most relevant bioactive compounds	376:412	the most relevant bioactive compounds	376:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	4	22	theme	gluten-free	1078:1088	arg1	breads					1095:1100	gluten-free rice breads	1078:1100	gluten-free rice breads	1078:1100	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	2	23	dep	in	296:297	arg1	vitro					299:303	vitro	299:303	vitro	299:303	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	4	24	theme	natural	1010:1016	arg1	way					1034:1036	a natural and sustainable way	1008:1036	a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads	1008:1100	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	4	24	theme	natural	1010:1016	arg1	germination					984:994	germination	984:994	germination	984:994	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	1	25	theme	brown	171:175	arg1	bread					194:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	2	26	theme	relevant	385:392	arg1	compounds					404:412	the most relevant bioactive compounds	376:412	the most relevant bioactive compounds	376:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	27	from	conditions	540:549	arg1	GBR					511:513	GBR	511:513	GBR at different germination conditions	511:549	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	28	theme	content	741:747	arg1	basis					721:725	the basis	717:725	the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content	717:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	1	29	from	effect	96:101	arg1	benefits					148:155	the nutritional benefits	132:155	the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	132:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	2	30	theme	protein	270:276	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	1	31	theme	rice	177:180	arg1	bread					194:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	2	32	theme	most	380:383	arg1	compounds					404:412	the most relevant bioactive compounds	376:412	the most relevant bioactive compounds	376:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	33	theme	slight	911:916	arg1	decrease					918:925	a slight decrease	909:925	a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility	909:959	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	34	theme	increased	816:824	arg1	activity					838:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	1	35	theme	flour	182:186	arg1	bread					194:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	0	36	theme	germination	11:21	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads	0:89	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	2	37	theme	breads	490:495	arg1	acid					255:258	phytic acid	248:258	phytic acid	248:258	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	37	theme	breads	490:495	arg1	activity					478:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	37	theme	breads	490:495	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	37	theme	breads	490:495	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	37	theme	breads	490:495	arg1	composition					235:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	38	theme	in	261:262	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	0	39	theme	nutritive	30:38	arg1	value					40:44	the nutritive value	26:44	the nutritive value	26:44	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	4	40	theme	breads	1095:1100	arg1	quality					1067:1073	the nutritional quality	1051:1073	the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads	1051:1100	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	2	41	theme	glucose	337:343	arg1	acid					255:258	phytic acid	248:258	phytic acid	248:258	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	41	theme	glucose	337:343	arg1	activity					478:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	41	theme	glucose	337:343	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	41	theme	glucose	337:343	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	41	theme	glucose	337:343	arg1	composition					235:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	1	42	theme	GBR	189:191	arg1	bread					194:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	3	43	theme	different	582:590	arg1	h					625:625	24 h	622:625	24 h	622:625	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	43	theme	different	582:590	arg1	h					634:634	48 h	631:634	48 h	631:634	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	43	theme	different	582:590	arg1	times					604:608	different germination times	582:608	different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h)	582:635	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	43	theme	different	582:590	arg1	h					613:613	0 h	611:613	0 h	611:613	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	43	theme	different	582:590	arg1	h					619:619	12 h	616:619	12 h	616:619	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	44	theme	germination	592:602	arg1	h					625:625	24 h	622:625	24 h	622:625	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	44	theme	germination	592:602	arg1	h					634:634	48 h	631:634	48 h	631:634	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	44	theme	germination	592:602	arg1	times					604:608	different germination times	582:608	different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h)	582:635	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	44	theme	germination	592:602	arg1	h					613:613	0 h	611:613	0 h	611:613	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	44	theme	germination	592:602	arg1	h					619:619	12 h	616:619	12 h	616:619	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	45	dep	compounds	782:790	arg1	GABA					793:796	GABA	793:796	GABA	793:796	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	45	dep	compounds	782:790	arg1	compounds					782:790	bioactive compounds	772:790	bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols)	772:813	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	45	dep	compounds	782:790	arg1	polyphenols					802:812	polyphenols	802:812	polyphenols	802:812	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	46	from	decrease	918:925	arg1	digestibility					947:959	in vitro protein digestibility	930:959	in vitro protein digestibility	930:959	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	47	theme	antioxidant	466:476	arg1	activity					478:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	48	theme	different	518:526	arg1	conditions					540:549	different germination conditions	518:549	different germination conditions	518:549	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	49	theme	total	436:440	arg1	compounds					451:459	total phenolic compounds	436:459	total phenolic compounds	436:459	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	50	theme	reduced	851:857	arg1	content					871:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	51	theme	enzymatic	305:313	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	52	theme	compounds	404:412	arg1	acid					255:258	phytic acid	248:258	phytic acid	248:258	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	52	theme	compounds	404:412	arg1	activity					478:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	52	theme	compounds	404:412	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	52	theme	compounds	404:412	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	52	theme	compounds	404:412	arg1	composition					235:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	53	theme	antioxidant	826:836	arg1	activity					838:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	54	dep	in	261:262	arg1	vitro					264:268	vitro	264:268	vitro	264:268	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	55	theme	GBR	668:670	arg1	bread					672:676	GBR bread	668:676	GBR bread	668:676	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	56	from	quality	706:712	arg1	basis					721:725	the basis	717:725	the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content	717:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	57	dep	in	930:931	arg1	vitro					933:937	vitro	933:937	vitro	933:937	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	58	theme	activity	838:845	arg1	basis					721:725	the basis	717:725	the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content	717:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	1	59	theme	germination	106:116	arg1	conditions					118:127	germination conditions	106:127	germination conditions	106:127	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	3	60	theme	protein	752:758	arg1	content					871:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	60	theme	protein	752:758	arg1	content					741:747	its higher content	730:747	its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols)	730:813	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	3	60	theme	protein	752:758	arg1	activity					838:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	increased antioxidant activity	816:845	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	1	61	theme	bread	194:198	arg1	benefits					148:155	the nutritional benefits	132:155	the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	132:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	2	62	theme	proximate	225:233	arg1	composition					235:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	63	theme	content	871:877	arg1	basis					721:725	the basis	717:725	the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content	717:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	1	64	theme	conditions	118:127	arg1	effect					96:101	The effect	92:101	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	92:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	3	65	theme	higher	734:739	arg1	content					741:747	its higher content	730:747	its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols)	730:813	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	66	theme	in	296:297	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	67	theme	phenolic	442:449	arg1	compounds					451:459	total phenolic compounds	436:459	total phenolic compounds	436:459	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	4	68	theme	sustainable	1022:1032	arg1	way					1034:1036	a natural and sustainable way	1008:1036	a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads	1008:1100	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	4	68	theme	sustainable	1022:1032	arg1	germination					984:994	germination	984:994	germination	984:994	Overall, germination seems to be a natural and sustainable way to improving the nutritional quality of gluten-free rice breads.
25466026	1	69	theme	germinated	160:169	arg1	bread					194:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread	160:198	The effect of germination conditions on the nutritional benefits of germinated brown rice flour (GBR) bread has been determined.
25466026	0	70	theme	bioactive	50:58	arg1	compounds					60:68	bioactive compounds	50:68	bioactive compounds	50:68	Effects of germination on the nutritive value and bioactive compounds of brown rice breads.
25466026	3	71	theme	phytic	859:864	arg1	content					871:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	reduced phytic acid content	851:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
25466026	2	72	theme	starch	329:334	arg1	acid					255:258	phytic acid	248:258	phytic acid	248:258	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	72	theme	starch	329:334	arg1	activity					478:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	antioxidant activity	466:485	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	72	theme	starch	329:334	arg1	digestibility					278:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	in vitro protein digestibility	261:290	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	72	theme	starch	329:334	arg1	hydrolysis					315:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis	296:324	in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds	296:412	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	2	72	theme	starch	329:334	arg1	composition					235:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition	221:245	The proximate composition, phytic acid, in vitro protein digestibility and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starch, glucose and starch content, as well as the most relevant bioactive compounds (GABA, γ-oryzanol and total phenolic compounds) and antioxidant activity of breads prepared with GBR at different germination conditions was determined.
25466026	3	73	theme	superior	697:704	arg1	quality					706:712	nutritionally superior quality	683:712	nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content	683:877	When comparing different germination times (0 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h), germination for 48 h provides GBR bread with nutritionally superior quality on the basis of its higher content of protein, lipids and bioactive compounds (GABA and polyphenols), increased antioxidant activity and reduced phytic acid content and glycaemic index, although a slight decrease in in vitro protein digestibility was detected.
26167845	0	0	from	immobilization	21:34	arg1	beads					103:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	70:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal	70:126	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	0	1	theme	composite	93:101	arg1	beads					103:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	70:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal	70:126	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	1	2	theme	magnetic	181:188	arg1	beads					214:218	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	181:218	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	181:218	Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking.
26167845	0	3	theme	phenol	113:118	arg1	removal					120:126	phenol removal	113:126	phenol removal	113:126	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	0	4	from	Characterization	0:15	arg1	beads					103:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	70:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal	70:126	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	6	5	theme	optimum	827:833	arg1	conditions					835:844	the optimum conditions	823:844	the optimum conditions	823:844	The efficiency of phenol removal by immobilized laccase was about 80% under the optimum conditions after 4 h.
26167845	4	6	theme	free	634:637	arg1	laccase					639:645	free laccase	634:645	free laccase	634:645	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	4	7	theme	immobilized	510:520	arg1	laccase					522:528	The immobilized laccase	506:528	The immobilized laccase	506:528	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	6	8	theme	immobilized	783:793	arg1	laccase					795:801	immobilized laccase	783:801	immobilized laccase	783:801	The efficiency of phenol removal by immobilized laccase was about 80% under the optimum conditions after 4 h.
26167845	2	9	theme	laccase	322:328	arg1	application					338:348	its application	334:348	its application in phenol removal	334:366	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	2	9	theme	laccase	322:328	arg1	properties					292:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties	252:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase	252:328	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	2	10	theme	immobilized	310:320	arg1	laccase					322:328	the immobilized laccase	306:328	the immobilized laccase	306:328	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	1	11	theme	chitosan-clay	190:202	arg1	beads					214:218	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	181:218	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	181:218	Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking.
26167845	5	12	theme	immobilized	662:672	arg1	laccase					674:680	the immobilized laccase	658:680	the immobilized laccase	658:680	Moreover, the immobilized laccase retained more than 75% of its original activity after 10 cycles.
26167845	1	13	theme	composite	204:212	arg1	beads					214:218	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	181:218	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	181:218	Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking.
26167845	1	14	from	versicolor	151:160	arg1	Laccase					129:135	Laccase	129:135	Laccase from Trametes versicolor	129:160	Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking.
26167845	2	15	theme	phenol	353:358	arg1	removal					360:366	phenol removal	353:366	phenol removal	353:366	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	3	16	theme	composite	439:447	arg1	beads					449:453	the composite beads	435:453	the composite beads	435:453	The structure and morphology of the composite beads were characterized by SEM, TGA, and FTIR analyses.
26167845	4	17	theme	better	537:542	arg1	stability					552:560	better storage stability	537:560	better storage stability	537:560	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	1	18	theme	glutaraldehyde	223:236	arg1	crosslinking					238:249	glutaraldehyde crosslinking	223:249	glutaraldehyde crosslinking	223:249	Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking.
26167845	4	19	from	changes	590:596	arg1	temperature					608:618	temperature	608:618	temperature	608:618	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	4	19	from	changes	590:596	arg1	pH					601:602	pH	601:602	pH	601:602	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	0	20	theme	versicolor	48:57	arg1	laccase					59:65	Trametes versicolor laccase	39:65	Trametes versicolor laccase	39:65	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	2	21	from	properties	292:301	arg1	removal					360:366	phenol removal	353:366	phenol removal	353:366	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	0	22	theme	Trametes	39:46	arg1	laccase					59:65	Trametes versicolor laccase	39:65	Trametes versicolor laccase	39:65	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	2	23	theme	chemical	266:273	arg1	properties					292:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties	252:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase	252:328	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	3	24	theme	FTIR	491:494	arg1	analyses					496:503	FTIR analyses	491:503	FTIR analyses	491:503	The structure and morphology of the composite beads were characterized by SEM, TGA, and FTIR analyses.
26167845	3	25	theme	beads	449:453	arg1	morphology					421:430	morphology	421:430	morphology	421:430	The structure and morphology of the composite beads were characterized by SEM, TGA, and FTIR analyses.
26167845	3	25	theme	beads	449:453	arg1	structure					407:415	structure	407:415	structure	407:415	The structure and morphology of the composite beads were characterized by SEM, TGA, and FTIR analyses.
26167845	4	26	theme	higher	566:571	arg1	tolerance					573:581	higher tolerance	566:581	higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature	566:618	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	5	27	theme	original	712:719	arg1	activity					721:728	its original activity	708:728	its original activity	708:728	Moreover, the immobilized laccase retained more than 75% of its original activity after 10 cycles.
26167845	0	28	theme	laccase	59:65	arg1	immobilization					21:34	immobilization	21:34	immobilization	21:34	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	0	28	theme	laccase	59:65	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	2	29	theme	physical	256:263	arg1	properties					292:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties	252:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase	252:328	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	3	30	dep	structure	407:415	arg1	The					403:405	The	403:405	The	403:405	The structure and morphology of the composite beads were characterized by SEM, TGA, and FTIR analyses.
26167845	6	31	theme	removal	772:778	arg1	%					815:815	about 80%	807:815	about 80%	807:815	The efficiency of phenol removal by immobilized laccase was about 80% under the optimum conditions after 4 h.
26167845	6	31	theme	removal	772:778	arg1	efficiency					751:760	The efficiency	747:760	The efficiency of phenol removal by immobilized laccase	747:801	The efficiency of phenol removal by immobilized laccase was about 80% under the optimum conditions after 4 h.
26167845	1	32	theme	Trametes	142:149	arg1	versicolor					151:160	Trametes versicolor	142:160	Trametes versicolor	142:160	Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads by glutaraldehyde crosslinking.
26167845	5	33	theme	activity	721:728	arg1	activity					721:728	its original activity	708:728	its original activity	708:728	Moreover, the immobilized laccase retained more than 75% of its original activity after 10 cycles.
26167845	5	33	theme	activity	721:728	arg1	%					703:703	more than 75%	691:703	more than 75% of its original activity	691:728	Moreover, the immobilized laccase retained more than 75% of its original activity after 10 cycles.
26167845	6	34	theme	phenol	765:770	arg1	removal					772:778	phenol removal	765:778	phenol removal	765:778	The efficiency of phenol removal by immobilized laccase was about 80% under the optimum conditions after 4 h.
26167845	0	35	theme	chitosan-clay	79:91	arg1	beads					103:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	70:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal	70:126	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	2	36	theme	biochemical	280:290	arg1	properties					292:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties	252:301	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase	252:328	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
26167845	0	37	theme	magnetic	70:77	arg1	beads					103:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads	70:107	magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal	70:126	Characterization and immobilization of Trametes versicolor laccase on magnetic chitosan-clay composite beads for phenol removal.
26167845	4	38	theme	storage	544:550	arg1	stability					552:560	better storage stability	537:560	better storage stability	537:560	The immobilized laccase showed better storage stability and higher tolerance to the changes in pH and temperature compared with free laccase.
26167845	2	39	from	application	338:348	arg1	removal					360:366	phenol removal	353:366	phenol removal	353:366	The physical, chemical, and biochemical properties of the immobilized laccase and its application in phenol removal were comprehensively investigated.
25712220	2	0	theme	interactions	472:483	arg1	peculiarities					438:450	the peculiarities	434:450	the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions	434:508	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	1	1	theme	structural	220:229	arg1	properties					231:240	structural properties	220:240	structural properties	220:240	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	0	2	from	Effects	0:6	arg1	interactions					40:51	protein-solvent interactions	24:51	protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment	24:74	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	6	3	theme	K/NaPB	768:773	arg1	composition					746:756	same ionic composition	735:756	same ionic composition	735:756	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	6	3	theme	K/NaPB	768:773	arg1	dextran-75					719:728	% dextran-75	717:728	% dextran-75	717:728	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	6	3	theme	K/NaPB	768:773	arg1	pH					776:777	pH 7.4	776:781	pH 7.4	776:781	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	7	4	from	effects	892:898	arg1	structure					915:923	the protein structure	903:923	the protein structure in crowded solutions	903:944	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	6	5	theme	M	766:766	arg1	K/NaPB					768:773	0.01 M K/NaPB	761:773	0.01 M K/NaPB	761:773	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	8	6	from	effects	1029:1035	arg1	structure					1056:1064	protein structure	1048:1064	protein structure in the presence of polymers	1048:1092	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific.
25712220	1	7	theme	biophysical	346:356	arg1	techniques					358:367	biophysical techniques	346:367	biophysical techniques	346:367	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	6	8	theme	0.01	761:764	arg1	M					766:766	M	766:766	M	766:766	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	0	9	theme	TMAO	101:104	arg1	effect					91:96	the effect	87:96	the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions	87:137	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	0	10	from	interactions	40:51	arg1	environment					64:74	crowded environment	56:74	crowded environment	56:74	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	7	11	from	structure	915:923	arg1	solutions					936:944	crowded solutions	928:944	crowded solutions	928:944	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	7	12	theme	TMAO	887:890	arg1	effects					892:898	the TMAO effects	883:898	the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions	883:944	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	7	13	theme	aqueous	1010:1016	arg1	media					1018:1022	aqueous media	1010:1022	aqueous media	1010:1022	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	9	14	theme	further	1249:1255	arg1	folding					1265:1271	further protein folding	1249:1271	further protein folding	1249:1271	Curiously, our study revealed that in highly concentrated polymer solutions, TMAO does not always act to promote further protein folding.
25712220	2	15	from	peculiarities	438:450	arg1	look					426:429	look	426:429	look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions	426:508	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	4	16	theme	same	659:662	arg1	composition					672:682	the same polymer composition	655:682	the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt	655:692	These ATPSs had the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt.
25712220	9	17	theme	protein	1257:1263	arg1	folding					1265:1271	further protein folding	1249:1271	further protein folding	1249:1271	Curiously, our study revealed that in highly concentrated polymer solutions, TMAO does not always act to promote further protein folding.
25712220	1	18	theme	conformational	246:259	arg1	stabilities					261:271	conformational stabilities	246:271	conformational stabilities	246:271	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	4	19	contain	had	651:653	arg2	composition					672:682	the same polymer composition	655:682	the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt	655:692	These ATPSs had the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt.
25712220	4	19	contain	had	651:653	arg1	ATPSs					645:649	These ATPSs	639:649	These ATPSs	639:649	These ATPSs had the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt.
25712220	6	20	theme	ionic	740:744	arg1	composition					746:756	same ionic composition	735:756	same ionic composition	735:756	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	0	21	dep	Analyzing	77:85	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment	0:74	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	1	22	theme	natural	168:174	arg1	osmolyte					176:183	a natural osmolyte	166:183	a natural osmolyte	166:183	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	1	22	theme	natural	168:174	arg1	N-oxide					201:207	trimethylamine N-oxide	186:207	trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)	186:214	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	8	23	theme	polymers	1085:1092	arg1	presence					1073:1080	the presence	1069:1080	the presence of polymers	1069:1092	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific.
25712220	6	24	theme	same	735:738	arg1	composition					746:756	same ionic composition	735:756	same ionic composition	735:756	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	1	25	theme	osmolyte	176:183	arg1	effect					156:161	the effect	152:161	the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins	152:291	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	0	26	theme	osmolytes	11:19	arg1	Effects					0:6	Effects	0:6	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment	0:74	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	7	27	theme	protein	907:913	arg1	structure					915:923	the protein structure	903:923	the protein structure in crowded solutions	903:944	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	2	28	theme	analysis	407:414	arg1	method					416:421	the solvent interaction analysis method	383:421	the solvent interaction analysis method	383:421	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	2	29	theme	TMAO-protein	459:470	arg1	interactions					472:483	the TMAO-protein interactions	455:483	the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions	455:508	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	1	30	theme	several	276:282	arg1	proteins					284:291	several proteins	276:291	several proteins	276:291	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	2	31	theme	interaction	395:405	arg1	method					416:421	the solvent interaction analysis method	383:421	the solvent interaction analysis method	383:421	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	1	32	theme	trimethylamine	186:199	arg1	TMAO					210:213	TMAO	210:213	TMAO	210:213	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	1	32	theme	trimethylamine	186:199	arg1	osmolyte					176:183	a natural osmolyte	166:183	a natural osmolyte	166:183	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	1	32	theme	trimethylamine	186:199	arg1	N-oxide					201:207	trimethylamine N-oxide	186:207	trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)	186:214	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	0	33	theme	protein-solvent	24:38	arg1	interactions					40:51	protein-solvent interactions	24:51	protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment	24:74	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	1	34	theme	proteins	284:291	arg1	properties					231:240	structural properties	220:240	structural properties	220:240	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	1	34	theme	proteins	284:291	arg1	stabilities					261:271	conformational stabilities	246:271	conformational stabilities	246:271	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	0	35	theme	crowded	121:127	arg1	solutions					129:137	crowded solutions	121:137	crowded solutions	121:137	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	8	36	from	structure	1056:1064	arg1	presence					1073:1080	the presence	1069:1080	the presence of polymers	1069:1092	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific.
25712220	3	37	theme	TMAO-containing	588:602	arg1	ATPSs					631:635	ATPSs	631:635	ATPSs	631:635	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	3	37	theme	TMAO-containing	588:602	arg1	systems					622:628	aqueous two-phase systems	604:628	TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs)	574:636	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	2	38	theme	solvent	387:393	arg1	method					416:421	the solvent interaction analysis method	383:421	the solvent interaction analysis method	383:421	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	0	39	theme	crowded	56:62	arg1	environment					64:74	crowded environment	56:74	crowded environment	56:74	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	5	40	dep	wt	714:715	arg1	%					694:694	%	694:694	%	694:694	% PEG-8000 and 12.0 wt.
25712220	8	41	theme	protein	1048:1054	arg1	structure					1056:1064	protein structure	1048:1064	protein structure in the presence of polymers	1048:1092	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific.
25712220	1	42	theme	techniques	358:367	arg1	set					339:341	a set	337:341	a set of biophysical techniques	337:367	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	1	42	theme	techniques	358:367	arg1	techniques					358:367	biophysical techniques	346:367	biophysical techniques	346:367	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	7	43	theme	solvent	988:994	arg1	properties					996:1005	solvent properties	988:1005	solvent properties of aqueous media	988:1022	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	1	44	theme	macromolecular	299:312	arg1	conditions					323:332	macromolecular crowding conditions	299:332	macromolecular crowding conditions	299:332	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	7	45	theme	osmolyte	976:983	arg1	effects					960:966	the effects	956:966	the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media	956:1022	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	3	46	theme	TMAO-free	574:582	arg1	ATPSs					631:635	ATPSs	631:635	ATPSs	631:635	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	3	46	theme	TMAO-free	574:582	arg1	systems					622:628	aqueous two-phase systems	604:628	TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs)	574:636	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	4	47	theme	wt	691:692	arg1	composition					672:682	the same polymer composition	655:682	the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt	655:692	These ATPSs had the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt.
25712220	3	48	from	partitioning	540:551	arg1	ATPSs					631:635	ATPSs	631:635	ATPSs	631:635	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	3	48	from	partitioning	540:551	arg1	systems					622:628	aqueous two-phase systems	604:628	TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs)	574:636	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	1	49	theme	crowding	314:321	arg1	conditions					323:332	macromolecular crowding conditions	299:332	macromolecular crowding conditions	299:332	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	9	50	theme	concentrated	1181:1192	arg1	solutions					1202:1210	highly concentrated polymer solutions	1174:1210	highly concentrated polymer solutions	1174:1210	Curiously, our study revealed that in highly concentrated polymer solutions, TMAO does not always act to promote further protein folding.
25712220	6	51	theme	%	717:717	arg1	dextran-75					719:728	% dextran-75	717:728	% dextran-75	717:728	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	6	51	theme	%	717:717	arg1	pH					776:777	pH 7.4	776:781	pH 7.4	776:781	% dextran-75, and same ionic composition of 0.01 M K/NaPB, pH 7.4.
25712220	2	52	used	used	378:381	arg2	We					370:371	We	370:371	We	370:371	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	7	53	from	effects	960:966	arg1	properties					996:1005	solvent properties	988:1005	solvent properties of aqueous media	988:1022	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	8	54	theme	TMAO	1040:1043	arg1	complex					1106:1112	complex	1106:1112	complex	1106:1112	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific.
25712220	8	54	theme	TMAO	1040:1043	arg1	effects					1029:1035	The effects	1025:1035	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers	1025:1092	The effects of TMAO on protein structure in the presence of polymers were rather complex and protein-specific.
25712220	9	55	theme	polymer	1194:1200	arg1	solutions					1202:1210	highly concentrated polymer solutions	1174:1210	highly concentrated polymer solutions	1174:1210	Curiously, our study revealed that in highly concentrated polymer solutions, TMAO does not always act to promote further protein folding.
25712220	4	56	theme	polymer	664:670	arg1	composition					672:682	the same polymer composition	655:682	the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt	655:692	These ATPSs had the same polymer composition of 6.0 wt.
25712220	7	57	theme	media	1018:1022	arg1	properties					996:1005	solvent properties	988:1005	solvent properties of aqueous media	988:1022	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	0	58	from	effect	91:96	arg1	proteins					109:116	proteins	109:116	proteins in crowded solutions	109:137	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25712220	3	59	theme	aqueous	604:610	arg1	ATPSs					631:635	ATPSs	631:635	ATPSs	631:635	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	3	59	theme	aqueous	604:610	arg1	systems					622:628	aqueous two-phase systems	604:628	TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs)	574:636	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	7	60	theme	crowded	928:934	arg1	solutions					936:944	crowded solutions	928:944	crowded solutions	928:944	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	7	61	theme	TMAO	847:850	arg1	interaction					832:842	no direct interaction	822:842	no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins	822:864	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	7	62	with	interaction	832:842	arg1	proteins					857:864	proteins	857:864	proteins	857:864	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	2	63	theme	crowded	491:497	arg1	conditions					499:508	crowded conditions	491:508	crowded conditions	491:508	We also used the solvent interaction analysis method to look at the peculiarities of the TMAO-protein interactions under crowded conditions.
25712220	3	64	theme	two-phase	612:620	arg1	ATPSs					631:635	ATPSs	631:635	ATPSs	631:635	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	3	64	theme	two-phase	612:620	arg1	systems					622:628	aqueous two-phase systems	604:628	TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs)	574:636	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	1	65	from	effect	156:161	arg1	properties					231:240	structural properties	220:240	structural properties	220:240	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	1	65	from	effect	156:161	arg1	stabilities					261:271	conformational stabilities	246:271	conformational stabilities	246:271	We analyzed the effect of a natural osmolyte, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), on structural properties and conformational stabilities of several proteins under macromolecular crowding conditions by a set of biophysical techniques.
25712220	3	66	theme	proteins	562:569	arg1	partitioning					540:551	the partitioning	536:551	the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs)	536:636	To this end, we analyzed the partitioning of these proteins in TMAO-free and TMAO-containing aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs).
25712220	7	67	theme	direct	825:830	arg1	interaction					832:842	no direct interaction	822:842	no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins	822:864	These analyses revealed that there is no direct interaction of TMAO with proteins, suggesting that the TMAO effects on the protein structure in crowded solutions occur via the effects of this osmolyte on solvent properties of aqueous media.
25712220	0	68	from	proteins	109:116	arg1	solutions					129:137	crowded solutions	121:137	crowded solutions	121:137	Effects of osmolytes on protein-solvent interactions in crowded environment: Analyzing the effect of TMAO on proteins in crowded solutions.
25658801	7	0	theme	varieties	1219:1227	arg1	significance					1203:1214	the significance	1199:1214	the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components	1199:1274	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	5	1	theme	IL-8	891:894	arg1	mediator					896:903	the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator	870:903	the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator	870:903	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	1	2	theme	quali-quantitative	148:165	arg1	composition					167:177	the quali-quantitative composition	144:177	the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	144:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	2	3	theme	acids	488:492	arg1	lutein					495:500	lutein	495:500	lutein	495:500	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	2	3	theme	acids	488:492	arg1	β-tocotrienols					506:519	β-tocotrienols	506:519	β-tocotrienols	506:519	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	2	3	theme	acids	488:492	arg1	content					462:468	the content	458:468	the content of bound phenolic acids	458:492	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	0	4	from	composition	14:24	arg1	flour					89:93	the whole-meal flour	74:93	the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars	74:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	7	5	theme	bioactive	1255:1263	arg1	components					1265:1274	bioactive components	1255:1274	bioactive components	1255:1274	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	6	6	mod	modified	1043:1050	arg1	secretion					984:992	the secretion	980:992	the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1	980:1033	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	6	6	mod	modified	1043:1050	arg3	extracts					1090:1097	neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts	1055:1097	neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts	1055:1097	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	1	7	theme	whole-meal	254:263	arg1	flour					265:269	whole-meal flour	254:269	whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	254:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	0	8	theme	durum	106:110	arg1	cultivars					118:126	Italian durum wheat cultivars	98:126	Italian durum wheat cultivars	98:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	1	9	from	composition	167:177	arg1	flour					265:269	whole-meal flour	254:269	whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	254:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	3	10	dep	cultivars	526:534	arg1	Svevo					547:551	Svevo	547:551	Svevo	547:551	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	10	dep	cultivars	526:534	arg1	Duilio					536:541	Duilio	536:541	Duilio	536:541	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	10	dep	cultivars	526:534	arg1	cultivars					526:534	The cultivars	522:534	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo	522:551	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	0	11	theme	Italian	98:104	arg1	cultivars					118:126	Italian durum wheat cultivars	98:126	Italian durum wheat cultivars	98:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	7	12	theme	further	1122:1128	arg1	insight					1130:1136	further insight	1122:1136	further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health	1122:1186	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	5	13	theme	isoprenoids	955:965	arg1	µg/mL					946:950	0.2 µg/mL	942:950	0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids	942:965	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	5	14	theme	acids	929:933	arg1	µg/mL					911:915	66 µg/mL	908:915	66 µg/mL of phenolic acids	908:933	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	0	15	theme	cultivars	118:126	arg1	flour					89:93	the whole-meal flour	74:93	the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars	74:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	7	16	theme	components	1265:1274	arg1	contents					1243:1250	elevated contents	1234:1250	elevated contents of bioactive components	1234:1274	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	2	17	from	differences	343:353	arg1	content					362:368	the content	358:368	the content of bioactive compounds	358:391	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	4	18	theme	growth	781:786	arg1	factor					788:793	transforming growth factor β1	768:796	transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)	768:805	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	4	18	theme	growth	781:786	arg1	TGF-β1					799:804	TGF-β1	799:804	TGF-β1	799:804	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	6	19	theme	hydrophilic	1063:1073	arg1	extracts					1090:1097	neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts	1055:1097	neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts	1055:1097	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	6	20	theme	lipophilic	1079:1088	arg1	extracts					1090:1097	neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts	1055:1097	neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts	1055:1097	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	0	21	theme	wheat	112:116	arg1	cultivars					118:126	Italian durum wheat cultivars	98:126	Italian durum wheat cultivars	98:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	4	22	theme	transforming	768:779	arg1	factor					788:793	transforming growth factor β1	768:796	transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)	768:805	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	4	22	theme	transforming	768:779	arg1	TGF-β1					799:804	TGF-β1	799:804	TGF-β1	799:804	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	4	23	from	activity	680:687	arg1	cells					710:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	1	24	theme	hydrophilic	182:192	arg1	extracts					240:247	hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts	182:247	hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	182:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	7	25	theme	human	1175:1179	arg1	health					1181:1186	human health	1175:1186	human health	1175:1186	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	0	26	from	activity	48:55	arg1	flour					89:93	the whole-meal flour	74:93	the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars	74:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	7	27	theme	elevated	1234:1241	arg1	contents					1243:1250	elevated contents	1234:1250	elevated contents of bioactive components	1234:1274	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	4	28	theme	HT-29	692:696	arg1	cells					710:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	0	29	theme	Phytochemical	0:12	arg1	composition					14:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	5	30	from	µg/mL	911:915	arg1	secretion					857:865	the secretion	853:865	the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids	853:965	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	4	31	theme	interleukin	743:753	arg1	levels					733:738	the levels	729:738	the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)	729:805	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	1	32	theme	phenolic	195:202	arg1	acids					204:208	phenolic acids	195:208	phenolic acids	195:208	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	0	33	theme	anti-inflammatory	30:46	arg1	activity					48:55	anti-inflammatory activity	30:55	anti-inflammatory activity	30:55	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	1	34	theme	elite	279:283	arg1	cultivars					305:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	1	35	from	flour	265:269	arg1	extracts					240:247	hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts	182:247	hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	182:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	1	35	from	flour	265:269	arg1	composition					167:177	the quali-quantitative composition	144:177	the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	144:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	3	36	theme	acids	591:595	arg1	isoprenoids					601:611	isoprenoids	601:611	isoprenoids	601:611	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	36	theme	acids	591:595	arg1	amount					572:577	the highest amount	560:577	the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids	560:611	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	36	theme	acids	591:595	arg1	acids					591:595	phenolic acids	582:595	phenolic acids	582:595	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	5	37	theme	Durum	808:812	arg1	extracts					820:827	Durum wheat extracts	808:827	Durum wheat extracts	808:827	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	5	38	theme	wheat	814:818	arg1	extracts					820:827	Durum wheat extracts	808:827	Durum wheat extracts	808:827	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	1	39	theme	Italian	285:291	arg1	cultivars					305:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	3	40	theme	highest	564:570	arg1	isoprenoids					601:611	isoprenoids	601:611	isoprenoids	601:611	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	40	theme	highest	564:570	arg1	amount					572:577	the highest amount	560:577	the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids	560:611	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	40	theme	highest	564:570	arg1	acids					591:595	phenolic acids	582:595	phenolic acids	582:595	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	4	41	theme	colon	704:708	arg1	cells					710:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	2	42	theme	phenolic	479:486	arg1	acids					488:492	bound phenolic acids	473:492	bound phenolic acids	473:492	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	1	43	theme	durum	293:297	arg1	cultivars					305:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	0	44	from	flour	89:93	arg1	extracts					60:67	extracts	60:67	extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars	60:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	0	44	from	flour	89:93	arg1	composition					14:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	0	44	from	flour	89:93	arg1	activity					48:55	anti-inflammatory activity	30:55	anti-inflammatory activity	30:55	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	2	45	theme	compounds	383:391	arg1	content					362:368	the content	358:368	the content of bioactive compounds	358:391	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	2	46	theme	wheat	417:421	arg1	extracts					423:430	the wheat extracts	413:430	the wheat extracts	413:430	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	2	47	theme	bound	473:477	arg1	acids					488:492	bound phenolic acids	473:492	bound phenolic acids	473:492	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	1	48	theme	wheat	299:303	arg1	cultivars					305:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	274:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	7	49	theme	durum	1160:1164	arg1	wheat					1166:1170	durum wheat	1160:1170	durum wheat	1160:1170	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	3	50	theme	isoprenoids	601:611	arg1	isoprenoids					601:611	isoprenoids	601:611	isoprenoids	601:611	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	50	theme	isoprenoids	601:611	arg1	amount					572:577	the highest amount	560:577	the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids	560:611	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	3	50	theme	isoprenoids	601:611	arg1	acids					591:595	phenolic acids	582:595	phenolic acids	582:595	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	1	51	theme	lipophilic	215:224	arg1	extracts					240:247	hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts	182:247	hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	182:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	1	52	theme	cultivars	305:313	arg1	flour					265:269	whole-meal flour	254:269	whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	254:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	3	53	theme	phenolic	582:589	arg1	acids					591:595	phenolic acids	582:595	phenolic acids	582:595	The cultivars Duilio and Svevo showed the highest amount of phenolic acids and isoprenoids, respectively.
25658801	0	54	theme	extracts	60:67	arg1	composition					14:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition	0:24	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	0	54	theme	extracts	60:67	arg1	activity					48:55	anti-inflammatory activity	30:55	anti-inflammatory activity	30:55	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	7	55	from	insight	1130:1136	arg1	health					1181:1186	human health	1175:1186	human health	1175:1186	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	2	56	located	observed	398:405	arg1	particular					436:445	particular	436:445	particular	436:445	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	2	56	located	observed	398:405	arg2	differences					343:353	Significant differences	331:353	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds	331:391	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	1	57	dep	hydrophilic	182:192	arg1	isoprenoids					227:237	isoprenoids	227:237	isoprenoids	227:237	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	1	57	dep	hydrophilic	182:192	arg1	acids					204:208	phenolic acids	195:208	phenolic acids	195:208	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
25658801	7	58	theme	wheat	1166:1170	arg1	potential					1147:1155	the potential	1143:1155	the potential of durum wheat	1143:1170	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	7	59	with	varieties	1219:1227	arg1	contents					1243:1250	elevated contents	1234:1250	elevated contents of bioactive components	1234:1274	These results provide further insight into the potential of durum wheat on human health suggesting the significance of varieties with elevated contents of bioactive components.
25658801	6	60	theme	mediator	1019:1026	arg1	TGF-β1					1028:1033	the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1	997:1033	the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1	997:1033	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	2	61	theme	Significant	331:341	arg1	differences					343:353	Significant differences	331:353	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds	331:391	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	5	62	theme	pro-inflammatory	874:889	arg1	mediator					896:903	the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator	870:903	the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator	870:903	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	6	63	theme	TGF-β1	1028:1033	arg1	secretion					984:992	the secretion	980:992	the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1	980:1033	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	4	64	theme	factor	788:793	arg1	levels					733:738	the levels	729:738	the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)	729:805	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	5	65	theme	mediator	896:903	arg1	secretion					857:865	the secretion	853:865	the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids	853:965	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	5	66	theme	phenolic	920:927	arg1	acids					929:933	phenolic acids	920:933	phenolic acids	920:933	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	0	67	theme	whole-meal	78:87	arg1	flour					89:93	the whole-meal flour	74:93	the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars	74:126	Phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from the whole-meal flour of Italian durum wheat cultivars.
25658801	2	68	theme	bioactive	373:381	arg1	compounds					383:391	bioactive compounds	373:391	bioactive compounds	373:391	Significant differences in the content of bioactive compounds were observed among the wheat extracts, in particular concerning the content of bound phenolic acids, lutein and β-tocotrienols.
25658801	4	69	theme	anti-inflammatory	662:678	arg1	activity					680:687	their anti-inflammatory activity	656:687	their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells	656:714	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	6	70	theme	anti-inflammatory	1001:1017	arg1	TGF-β1					1028:1033	the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1	997:1033	the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1	997:1033	Conversely, the secretion of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β1 was not modified by neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic extracts.
25658801	4	71	theme	human	698:702	arg1	cells					710:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	HT-29 human colon cells	692:714	Extracts were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity on HT-29 human colon cells by measuring the levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).
25658801	5	72	from	µg/mL	946:950	arg1	secretion					857:865	the secretion	853:865	the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids	853:965	Durum wheat extracts significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 mediator at 66 µg/mL of phenolic acids and at 0.2 µg/mL of isoprenoids.
25658801	1	73	theme	extracts	240:247	arg1	composition					167:177	the quali-quantitative composition	144:177	the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars	144:313	In this study, the quali-quantitative composition of hydrophilic (phenolic acids) and lipophilic (isoprenoids) extracts from whole-meal flour of five elite Italian durum wheat cultivars was determined.
28810187	10	0	theme	alkaline	1266:1273	arg1	phosphatase					1275:1285	alkaline phosphatase	1266:1285	alkaline phosphatase	1266:1285	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	8	1	theme	van	1024:1026	arg1	staining					1035:1042	Elastica van Gieson staining	1015:1042	Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections	1015:1103	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	1	2	theme	lungfish	159:166	arg1	plate					174:178	the lungfish tooth plate	155:178	the lungfish tooth plate	155:178	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	10	3	theme	positive	1303:1310	arg1	immunoreactivities					1312:1329	positive immunoreactivities	1303:1329	positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase	1303:1386	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	0	4	theme	petrodentine	83:94	arg1	formation					96:104	petrodentine formation	83:104	petrodentine formation of lungfish	83:116	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.
28810187	12	5	dep	initial	1781:1787	arg1	to					1789:1790	to	1789:1790	to	1789:1790	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	12	5	dep	initial	1781:1787	arg1	mid					1792:1794	mid	1792:1794	mid	1792:1794	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	8	6	theme	histological	1083:1094	arg1	sections					1096:1103	histological sections	1083:1103	histological sections	1083:1103	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	1	7	theme	tooth	168:172	arg1	plate					174:178	the lungfish tooth plate	155:178	the lungfish tooth plate	155:178	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	8	8	theme	Routine	929:935	arg1	staining					937:944	Routine staining	929:944	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen	929:1009	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	9	9	theme	electron	1160:1167	arg1	microscopy					1169:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	In addition, conventional transmission electron microscopy was used for observing the fine structure.
28810187	0	10	theme	lungfish	109:116	arg1	formation					96:104	petrodentine formation	83:104	petrodentine formation of lungfish	83:116	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.
28810187	12	11	theme	initial	1781:1787	arg1	part					1796:1799	the initial to mid part	1777:1799	the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1777:1823	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	11	12	theme	transmission	1642:1653	arg1	microscopy					1664:1673	transmission electron microscopy	1642:1673	transmission electron microscopy	1642:1673	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	13	13	contain	have	1891:1894	arg2	maturation					1940:1949	maturation	1940:1949	maturation	1940:1949	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	13	contain	have	1891:1894	arg2	formation					1926:1934	matrix formation	1919:1934	matrix formation	1919:1934	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	13	contain	have	1891:1894	arg1	petroblasts					1879:1889	petroblasts	1879:1889	petroblasts	1879:1889	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	13	contain	have	1891:1894	arg2	stages					1911:1916	two functional stages	1896:1916	two functional stages	1896:1916	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	8	14	dep	reaction	981:988	arg1	identify					993:1000	identify	993:1000	to identify glycogen	990:1009	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	6	15	used	used	813:816	arg2	kits					803:806	Commercial kits	792:806	Commercial kits	792:806	Commercial kits were used to detect enzyme activity.
28810187	13	16	theme	functional	1900:1909	arg1	stages					1911:1916	two functional stages	1896:1916	two functional stages	1896:1916	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	16	theme	functional	1900:1909	arg1	formation					1926:1934	matrix formation	1919:1934	matrix formation	1919:1934	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	16	theme	functional	1900:1909	arg1	maturation					1940:1949	maturation	1940:1949	maturation	1940:1949	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	10	17	theme	formation	1436:1444	arg1	stage					1446:1450	the matrix formation stage	1425:1450	the matrix formation stage	1425:1450	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	3	18	theme	immunohistochemical	565:583	arg1	techniques					585:594	histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques	547:594	histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques	547:594	To clarify the details of petrodentine formation, petroblasts were investigated using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.
28810187	9	19	theme	conventional	1134:1145	arg1	microscopy					1169:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	In addition, conventional transmission electron microscopy was used for observing the fine structure.
28810187	1	20	theme	fish	268:271	arg1	teeth					273:277	fish teeth	268:277	fish teeth	268:277	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	2	21	theme	specialized	336:346	arg1	odontoblasts					348:359	specialized odontoblasts	336:359	specialized odontoblasts	336:359	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	2	21	theme	specialized	336:346	arg1	petroblasts					313:323	petroblasts	313:323	petroblasts	313:323	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	10	22	theme	maturation	1400:1409	arg1	stage					1411:1415	the maturation stage	1396:1415	the maturation stage	1396:1415	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	9	23	theme	transmission	1147:1158	arg1	microscopy					1169:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	In addition, conventional transmission electron microscopy was used for observing the fine structure.
28810187	1	24	theme	plate	174:178	arg1	Petrodentine					129:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	1	24	theme	plate	174:178	arg1	core					147:150	the core	143:150	the core of the lungfish tooth plate	143:178	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	4	25	theme	Lepidosiren	622:632	arg1	lungfish					612:619	Extant lungfish	605:619	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa)	597:642	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	4	25	theme	Lepidosiren	622:632	arg1	paradoxa					634:641	Lepidosiren paradoxa	622:641	Lepidosiren paradoxa	622:641	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	12	26	dep	formation	1757:1765	arg1	stage					1767:1771	stage	1767:1771	stage	1767:1771	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	8	27	theme	elastic	1065:1071	arg1	fibers					1073:1078	elastic fibers	1065:1078	elastic fibers	1065:1078	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	0	28	theme	Histochemical	0:12	arg1	examination					38:48	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination	0:48	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.	0:117	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.
28810187	7	29	theme	selected	910:917	arg1	peptides					919:926	selected peptides	910:926	selected peptides	910:926	Correlative sections were immunostained using antibodies against selected peptides.
28810187	2	30	theme	composite	385:393	arg1	tissue					395:400	a composite tissue	383:400	a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells	383:458	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	2	30	theme	composite	385:393	arg1	enameloid					370:378	enameloid	370:378	enameloid	370:378	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	13	31	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1826:1836	arg1	suggested					1864:1872	suggested	1864:1872	suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts	1864:2020	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	7	32	theme	Correlative	845:855	arg1	sections					857:864	Correlative sections	845:864	Correlative sections	845:864	Correlative sections were immunostained using antibodies against selected peptides.
28810187	6	33	theme	enzyme	828:833	arg1	activity					835:842	enzyme activity	828:842	enzyme activity	828:842	Commercial kits were used to detect enzyme activity.
28810187	4	34	dep	METHODS	597:603	arg1	lungfish					612:619	Extant lungfish	605:619	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa)	597:642	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	4	34	dep	METHODS	597:603	arg1	paradoxa					634:641	Lepidosiren paradoxa	622:641	Lepidosiren paradoxa	622:641	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	9	35	used	used	1184:1187	arg2	microscopy					1169:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	conventional transmission electron microscopy	1134:1178	In addition, conventional transmission electron microscopy was used for observing the fine structure.
28810187	2	36	theme	epithelial	443:452	arg1	cells					454:458	dental epithelial cells	436:458	dental epithelial cells	436:458	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	5	37	theme	Tooth	669:673	arg1	plates					675:680	Tooth plates	669:680	Tooth plates during the stage of petrodentine formation	669:723	Tooth plates during the stage of petrodentine formation were observed by means of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
28810187	10	38	theme	maturation	1497:1506	arg1	stage					1508:1512	the maturation stage	1493:1512	the maturation stage	1493:1512	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	11	39	theme	maturation	1526:1535	arg1	stage					1537:1541	the maturation stage	1522:1541	the maturation stage	1522:1541	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	2	40	theme	dental	436:441	arg1	cells					454:458	dental epithelial cells	436:458	dental epithelial cells	436:458	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	11	41	theme	electron	1655:1662	arg1	microscopy					1664:1673	transmission electron microscopy	1642:1673	transmission electron microscopy	1642:1673	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	4	42	used	used	649:652	arg2	METHODS					597:603	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa)	597:642	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa)	597:642	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	8	43	theme	fibers	1073:1078	arg1	detection					1052:1060	the detection	1048:1060	the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections	1048:1103	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	8	44	theme	acid-Schiff	963:973	arg1	reaction					981:988	periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction	954:988	periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen	954:1009	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	1	45	theme	well-mineralized	186:201	arg1	tissue					203:208	a well-mineralized tissue	184:208	a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth	184:277	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	1	45	theme	well-mineralized	186:201	arg1	Petrodentine					129:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	0	46	theme	immunohistochemical	18:36	arg1	examination					38:48	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination	0:48	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.	0:117	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.
28810187	4	47	theme	Extant	605:610	arg1	lungfish					612:619	Extant lungfish	605:619	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa)	597:642	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	4	47	theme	Extant	605:610	arg1	paradoxa					634:641	Lepidosiren paradoxa	622:641	Lepidosiren paradoxa	622:641	METHODS Extant lungfish (Lepidosiren paradoxa) were used in this study.
28810187	12	48	theme	maturation	1808:1817	arg1	stage					1819:1823	the maturation stage	1804:1823	the maturation stage	1804:1823	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	1	49	theme	OBJECTIVE	119:127	arg1	tissue					203:208	a well-mineralized tissue	184:208	a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth	184:277	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	1	49	theme	OBJECTIVE	119:127	arg1	Petrodentine					129:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	1	49	theme	OBJECTIVE	119:127	arg1	core					147:150	the core	143:150	the core of the lungfish tooth plate	143:178	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	0	50	theme	odontoblasts	53:64	arg1	examination					38:48	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination	0:48	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.	0:117	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.
28810187	2	51	dep	formed	296:301	arg1	whereas					362:368	whereas	362:368	whereas	362:368	Petrodentine is formed solely by petroblasts, which are specialized odontoblasts, whereas enameloid is a composite tissue produced by both odontoblasts and dental epithelial cells.
28810187	12	52	from	petroblasts	1731:1741	arg1	part					1796:1799	the initial to mid part	1777:1799	the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1777:1823	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	12	52	from	petroblasts	1731:1741	arg1	formation					1757:1765	the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1746:1823	formation	1757:1765	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	11	53	theme	glycogen	1591:1598	arg1	particles					1600:1608	glycogen particles	1591:1608	glycogen particles	1591:1608	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	13	54	from	results	1842:1848	arg1	study					1858:1862	this study	1853:1862	this study	1853:1862	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	1	55	theme	similar	210:216	arg1	tissue					203:208	a well-mineralized tissue	184:208	a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth	184:277	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	1	55	theme	similar	210:216	arg1	Petrodentine					129:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine	119:140	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	10	56	theme	marked	1250:1255	arg1	acid					1257:1260	marked acid	1250:1260	marked acid	1250:1260	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	1	57	from	enameloid	255:263	arg1	teeth					273:277	fish teeth	268:277	fish teeth	268:277	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	11	58	theme	PAS	1571:1573	arg1	reactivity					1575:1584	intense PAS reactivity	1563:1584	intense PAS reactivity	1563:1584	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	12	59	theme	transporter	1684:1694	arg1	1-immunoreactivity					1696:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity	1676:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity	1676:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	9	60	theme	fine	1207:1210	arg1	structure					1212:1220	the fine structure	1203:1220	the fine structure	1203:1220	In addition, conventional transmission electron microscopy was used for observing the fine structure.
28810187	3	61	theme	petrodentine	487:498	arg1	formation					500:508	petrodentine formation	487:508	petrodentine formation	487:508	To clarify the details of petrodentine formation, petroblasts were investigated using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.
28810187	11	62	located	observed	1615:1622	arg2	particles					1600:1608	glycogen particles	1591:1608	glycogen particles	1591:1608	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	11	62	located	observed	1615:1622	arg1	petroblasts					1627:1637	petroblasts	1627:1637	petroblasts	1627:1637	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	5	63	theme	petrodentine	702:713	arg1	formation					715:723	petrodentine formation	702:723	petrodentine formation	702:723	Tooth plates during the stage of petrodentine formation were observed by means of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
28810187	10	64	theme	matrix	1429:1434	arg1	stage					1446:1450	the matrix formation stage	1425:1450	the matrix formation stage	1425:1450	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	3	65	theme	formation	500:508	arg1	details					476:482	the details	472:482	the details of petrodentine formation	472:508	To clarify the details of petrodentine formation, petroblasts were investigated using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.
28810187	5	66	theme	formation	715:723	arg1	stage					693:697	the stage	689:697	the stage of petrodentine formation	689:723	Tooth plates during the stage of petrodentine formation were observed by means of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
28810187	12	67	theme	matrix	1750:1755	arg1	formation					1757:1765	the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1746:1823	formation	1757:1765	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	6	68	theme	Commercial	792:801	arg1	kits					803:806	Commercial kits	792:806	Commercial kits	792:806	Commercial kits were used to detect enzyme activity.
28810187	12	69	theme	stage	1819:1823	arg1	part					1796:1799	the initial to mid part	1777:1799	the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1777:1823	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	12	69	theme	stage	1819:1823	arg1	formation					1757:1765	the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1746:1823	formation	1757:1765	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	1	70	theme	mammalian	221:229	arg1	enamel					231:236	mammalian enamel	221:236	mammalian enamel	221:236	OBJECTIVE Petrodentine, the core of the lungfish tooth plate, is a well-mineralized tissue similar to mammalian enamel and analogous to enameloid in fish teeth.
28810187	3	71	theme	histochemical	547:559	arg1	techniques					585:594	histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques	547:594	histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques	547:594	To clarify the details of petrodentine formation, petroblasts were investigated using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.
28810187	8	72	theme	Elastica	1015:1022	arg1	staining					1035:1042	Elastica van Gieson staining	1015:1042	Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections	1015:1103	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	11	73	theme	intense	1563:1569	arg1	reactivity					1575:1584	intense PAS reactivity	1563:1584	intense PAS reactivity	1563:1584	During the maturation stage, petroblasts showed intense PAS reactivity, and glycogen particles were observed in petroblasts by transmission electron microscopy.
28810187	8	74	from	detection	1052:1060	arg1	sections					1096:1103	histological sections	1083:1103	histological sections	1083:1103	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	8	75	theme	periodic	954:961	arg1	PAS					976:978	PAS	976:978	PAS	976:978	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	8	75	theme	periodic	954:961	arg1	acid-Schiff					963:973	periodic acid-Schiff	954:973	periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen	954:1009	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	13	76	theme	matrix	1919:1924	arg1	stages					1911:1916	two functional stages	1896:1916	two functional stages	1896:1916	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	76	theme	matrix	1919:1924	arg1	formation					1926:1934	matrix formation	1919:1934	matrix formation	1919:1934	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	77	theme	petroblasts	2010:2020	arg1	modulation					1996:2005	the modulation	1992:2005	the modulation of petroblasts	1992:2020	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	13	78	theme	important	1974:1982	arg1	role					1984:1987	an important role	1971:1987	an important role	1971:1987	CONCLUSIONS The results in this study suggested that petroblasts have two functional stages, matrix formation and maturation, and glycogen plays an important role in the modulation of petroblasts.
28810187	12	79	theme	Glucose	1676:1682	arg1	1-immunoreactivity					1696:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity	1676:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity	1676:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	12	80	located	observed	1719:1726	arg1	petroblasts					1731:1741	petroblasts	1731:1741	petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage	1731:1823	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	12	80	located	observed	1719:1726	arg2	1-immunoreactivity					1696:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity	1676:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity	1676:1713	Glucose transporter 1-immunoreactivity was observed in petroblasts in the matrix formation stage and the initial to mid part of the maturation stage.
28810187	0	81	from	examination	38:48	arg1	formation					96:104	petrodentine formation	83:104	petrodentine formation of lungfish	83:116	Histochemical and immunohistochemical examination of odontoblasts (petroblasts) in petrodentine formation of lungfish.
28810187	8	82	theme	Gieson	1028:1033	arg1	staining					1035:1042	Elastica van Gieson staining	1015:1042	Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections	1015:1103	Routine staining such as periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction to identify glycogen and Elastica van Gieson staining for the detection of elastic fibers in histological sections were performed.
28810187	10	83	theme	phosphatase	1275:1285	arg1	activities					1287:1296	marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities	1250:1296	marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities	1250:1296	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
28810187	10	84	theme	acid	1257:1260	arg1	activities					1287:1296	marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities	1250:1296	marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities	1250:1296	RESULTS Petroblasts showed marked acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, and positive immunoreactivities against anti-nestin, anti-V-ATPase, and anti-Ca2+-ATPase, during the maturation stage, but in the matrix formation stage, reactions were much weaker than that of the maturation stage.
27497754	2	0	theme	PU	455:456	arg1	backbone					439:446	the backbone	435:446	the backbone of the PU	435:456	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU.
27497754	4	1	theme	blends	659:664	arg1	TGA					648:650	TGA	648:650	TGA	648:650	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	4	1	theme	blends	659:664	arg1	analysis					638:645	Thermogravimetric analysis	620:645	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends	620:664	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	5	2	theme	Mechanical	745:754	arg1	modulus					775:781	modulus	775:781	modulus	775:781	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	5	2	theme	Mechanical	745:754	arg1	strength					795:802	tensile strength	787:802	tensile strength	787:802	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	5	2	theme	Mechanical	745:754	arg1	properties					756:765	Mechanical properties	745:765	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends	745:815	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	6	3	theme	antimicrobial	1005:1017	arg1	activity					1019:1026	antimicrobial activity	1005:1026	antimicrobial activity	1005:1026	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	5	4	theme	chitosan	865:872	arg1	contents					853:860	higher contents	846:860	higher contents of chitosan and curcumin	846:885	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	4	5	with	stability	693:701	arg1	0.25M:0.75M					708:718	0.25M:0.75M	708:718	0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin	708:742	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	1	6	theme	HTPB	169:172	arg1	polyurethanes					181:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes	136:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs)	136:199	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	6	theme	HTPB	169:172	arg1	PUs					196:198	PUs	196:198	PUs	196:198	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	7	7	theme	novel	1131:1135	arg1	materials					1151:1159	novel biocompatible materials	1131:1159	novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications	1131:1205	On the whole, this work is actually a step towards the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications.
27497754	7	8	theme	materials	1151:1159	arg1	generation					1117:1126	the generation	1113:1126	the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications	1113:1205	On the whole, this work is actually a step towards the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications.
27497754	4	9	theme	chitosan	723:730	arg1	0.25M:0.75M					708:718	0.25M:0.75M	708:718	0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin	708:742	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	6	10	theme	0.25mol	949:955	arg1	curcumin					957:964	0.25mol curcumin	949:964	0.25mol curcumin	949:964	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	7	11	theme	biocompatible	1137:1149	arg1	materials					1151:1159	novel biocompatible materials	1131:1159	novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications	1131:1205	On the whole, this work is actually a step towards the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications.
27497754	6	12	theme	other	1051:1055	arg1	PUs					1057:1059	the all other PUs	1043:1059	the all other PUs	1043:1059	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	5	13	theme	curcumin	878:885	arg1	contents					853:860	higher contents	846:860	higher contents of chitosan and curcumin	846:885	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	5	14	theme	tensile	787:793	arg1	strength					795:802	tensile strength	787:802	tensile strength	787:802	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	2	15	theme	infrared	366:373	arg1	spectroscopy					375:386	infrared spectroscopy	366:386	infrared spectroscopy	366:386	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU.
27497754	6	16	theme	all	1047:1049	arg1	PUs					1057:1059	the all other PUs	1043:1059	the all other PUs	1043:1059	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	1	17	theme	based	175:179	arg1	polyurethanes					181:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes	136:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs)	136:199	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	17	theme	based	175:179	arg1	PUs					196:198	PUs	196:198	PUs	196:198	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	2	18	theme	CUR	426:428	arg1	incorporation					402:414	the incorporation	398:414	the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU	398:456	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU.
27497754	7	19	from	step	1100:1103	arg1	whole					1069:1073	whole	1069:1073	whole	1069:1073	On the whole, this work is actually a step towards the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications.
27497754	2	20	theme	blends	351:356	arg1	study					342:346	Structural study	331:346	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy	331:386	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU.
27497754	1	21	theme	new	94:96	arg1	HMDI					126:129	HMDI	126:129	HMDI	126:129	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	21	theme	new	94:96	arg1	diisocyanate					112:123	new hexamethylene diisocyanate	94:123	new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI)	94:130	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	5	22	theme	higher	846:851	arg1	contents					853:860	higher contents	846:860	higher contents of chitosan and curcumin	846:885	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	2	23	theme	CH	419:420	arg1	incorporation					402:414	the incorporation	398:414	the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU	398:456	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU.
27497754	1	24	theme	mole	283:286	arg1	ratio					288:292	mole ratio	283:292	mole ratio of chitosan (CH)	283:309	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	24	theme	mole	283:286	arg1	CH					307:308	CH	307:308	CH	307:308	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	25	theme	hexamethylene	98:110	arg1	HMDI					126:129	HMDI	126:129	HMDI	126:129	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	25	theme	hexamethylene	98:110	arg1	diisocyanate					112:123	new hexamethylene diisocyanate	94:123	new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI)	94:130	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	3	26	gly	homogeneity	573:583	arg1	surface					588:594	surface	588:594	surface of synthesized samples	588:617	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	5	27	theme	PU	807:808	arg1	blends					810:815	PU blends	807:815	PU blends	807:815	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	6	28	dep	composition	906:916	arg1	curcumin					957:964	0.25mol curcumin	949:964	0.25mol curcumin	949:964	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	6	28	dep	composition	906:916	arg1	BDO					924:926	1mol BDO	919:926	1mol BDO	919:926	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	6	28	dep	composition	906:916	arg1	chitosan					936:943	075mol chitosan	929:943	075mol chitosan	929:943	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	3	29	theme	well	519:522	arg1	dispersion					524:533	the well dispersion	515:533	the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples	515:617	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	3	30	theme	microscopic	481:491	arg1	study					499:503	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study	459:503	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study	459:503	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	0	31	theme	chitosan/curcumin	34:50	arg1	characterization					14:29	characterization	14:29	characterization	14:29	Synthesis and characterization of chitosan/curcumin blends based polyurethanes.
27497754	0	31	theme	chitosan/curcumin	34:50	arg1	Synthesis					0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis	0:8	Synthesis and characterization of chitosan/curcumin blends based polyurethanes.
27497754	1	32	theme	chitosan	297:304	arg1	ratio					288:292	mole ratio	283:292	mole ratio of chitosan (CH)	283:309	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	32	theme	chitosan	297:304	arg1	CUR					325:327	CUR	325:327	CUR	325:327	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	32	theme	chitosan	297:304	arg1	CH					307:308	CH	307:308	CH	307:308	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	32	theme	chitosan	297:304	arg1	curcumin					315:322	curcumin	315:322	curcumin (CUR)	315:328	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	3	33	theme	samples	611:617	arg1	surface					588:594	surface	588:594	surface of synthesized samples	588:617	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	3	34	theme	homogeneity	573:583	arg1	dispersion					524:533	the well dispersion	515:533	the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples	515:617	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	4	35	theme	Thermogravimetric	620:636	arg1	TGA					648:650	TGA	648:650	TGA	648:650	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	4	35	theme	Thermogravimetric	620:636	arg1	analysis					638:645	Thermogravimetric analysis	620:645	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends	620:664	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	6	36	theme	1mol	919:922	arg1	BDO					924:926	1mol BDO	919:926	1mol BDO	919:926	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	6	37	theme	075mol	929:934	arg1	chitosan					936:943	075mol chitosan	929:943	075mol chitosan	929:943	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	3	38	theme	incorporated	538:549	arg1	chitosan/curcumin					551:567	chitosan/curcumin	551:567	chitosan/curcumin	551:567	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	4	39	theme	thermal	685:691	arg1	stability					693:701	a better thermal stability	676:701	a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin	676:742	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	0	40	theme	based	59:63	arg1	polyurethanes					65:77	based polyurethanes	59:77	based polyurethanes	59:77	Synthesis and characterization of chitosan/curcumin blends based polyurethanes.
27497754	3	41	theme	chitosan/curcumin	551:567	arg1	dispersion					524:533	the well dispersion	515:533	the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples	515:617	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	4	42	theme	better	678:683	arg1	stability					693:701	a better thermal stability	676:701	a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin	676:742	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	6	43	theme	extender	897:904	arg1	composition					906:916	The same extender composition	888:916	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU	888:974	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	4	44	theme	PU	656:657	arg1	blends					659:664	PU blends	656:664	PU blends	656:664	Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of PU blends indicated a better thermal stability with 0.25M:0.75M of chitosan to curcumin.
27497754	3	45	dep	microscopic	481:491	arg1	SEM					494:496	SEM	494:496	SEM	494:496	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	3	46	theme	synthesized	599:609	arg1	samples					611:617	synthesized samples	599:617	synthesized samples	599:617	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	1	47	theme	polybutadiene	154:166	arg1	polyurethanes					181:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes	136:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs)	136:199	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	47	theme	polybutadiene	154:166	arg1	PUs					196:198	PUs	196:198	PUs	196:198	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	48	theme	step	225:228	arg1	polymerization					237:250	step growth polymerization	225:250	step growth polymerization	225:250	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	7	49	theme	useful	1172:1177	arg1	materials					1151:1159	novel biocompatible materials	1131:1159	novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications	1131:1205	On the whole, this work is actually a step towards the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications.
27497754	5	50	theme	blends	810:815	arg1	modulus					775:781	modulus	775:781	modulus	775:781	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	5	50	theme	blends	810:815	arg1	strength					795:802	tensile strength	787:802	tensile strength	787:802	Mechanical properties such as modulus and tensile strength of PU blends were found to be better with higher contents of chitosan and curcumin.
27497754	1	51	theme	hyroxylterminated	136:152	arg1	polyurethanes					181:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes	136:193	hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs)	136:199	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	51	theme	hyroxylterminated	136:152	arg1	PUs					196:198	PUs	196:198	PUs	196:198	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	1	52	theme	growth	230:235	arg1	polymerization					237:250	step growth polymerization	225:250	step growth polymerization	225:250	In this work, new hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and hyroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared following step growth polymerization by the introduction of varying mole ratio of chitosan (CH) and curcumin (CUR).
27497754	6	53	theme	same	892:895	arg1	composition					906:916	The same extender composition	888:916	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU	888:974	The same extender composition (1mol BDO, 075mol chitosan and 0.25mol curcumin) based PU showed higher substantial of antimicrobial activity as compared to the all other PUs.
27497754	3	54	theme	surface	588:594	arg1	homogeneity					573:583	homogeneity	573:583	homogeneity	573:583	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	3	54	theme	surface	588:594	arg1	chitosan/curcumin					551:567	chitosan/curcumin	551:567	chitosan/curcumin	551:567	The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study confirmed the well dispersion of incorporated chitosan/curcumin and homogeneity of surface of synthesized samples.
27497754	2	55	theme	Structural	331:340	arg1	study					342:346	Structural study	331:346	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy	331:386	Structural study of blends through infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of CH and CUR into the backbone of the PU.
27497754	7	56	theme	biomedical	1183:1192	arg1	applications					1194:1205	biomedical applications	1183:1205	biomedical applications	1183:1205	On the whole, this work is actually a step towards the generation of novel biocompatible materials preferably useful for biomedical applications.
25896695	9	0	theme	LMM	1756:1758	arg1	PBPs					1760:1763	LMM PBPs	1756:1763	LMM PBPs	1756:1763	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	9	0	theme	LMM	1756:1758	arg1	PBP5					1777:1780	PBP5	1777:1780	especially PBP5	1766:1780	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	8	1	theme	β-lactam	1577:1584	arg1	profiles					1601:1608	the β-lactam susceptibility profiles	1573:1608	the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants	1573:1631	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	7	2	theme	significant	1335:1345	arg1	increase					1347:1354	a significant increase	1333:1354	a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold)	1333:1390	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	10	3	from	impact	2009:2014	arg1	resistance					2042:2051	β-lactam resistance	2033:2051	β-lactam resistance	2033:2051	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	3	4	theme	reverse	649:655	arg1	transcription-PCR					657:673	reverse transcription-PCR	649:673	reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR)	649:682	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	3	4	theme	reverse	649:655	arg1	patterns					689:696	PBP patterns	685:696	PBP patterns	685:696	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	3	4	theme	reverse	649:655	arg1	RT-PCR					676:681	RT-PCR	676:681	RT-PCR	676:681	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	6	5	theme	significant	1170:1180	arg1	role					1182:1185	a significant role	1168:1185	a significant role	1168:1185	Moreover, our results indicate that PBP4 and PBP7 play a significant role as dd-carboxypeptidase only if PBP5 is absent, and their dd-endopeptidase activity is also inferred.
25896695	7	6	theme	ampC	1359:1362	arg1	expression					1364:1373	ampC expression	1359:1373	ampC expression (around 50-fold)	1359:1390	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	10	7	theme	β-lactam	2128:2135	arg1	trapping					2137:2144	β-lactam trapping	2128:2144	β-lactam trapping	2128:2144	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	7	8	theme	PBP4	1321:1324	arg1	inactivation					1305:1316	the inactivation	1301:1316	the inactivation of PBP4	1301:1324	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	3	9	theme	PBP	685:687	arg1	transcription-PCR					657:673	reverse transcription-PCR	649:673	reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR)	649:682	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	3	9	theme	PBP	685:687	arg1	patterns					689:696	PBP patterns	685:696	PBP patterns	685:696	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	8	10	theme	PBP	1621:1623	arg1	mutants					1625:1631	the LMM PBP mutants	1613:1631	the LMM PBP mutants	1613:1631	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	1	11	theme	aeruginosa	205:214	arg1	PBP4					283:286	PBP4	283:286	PBP4 (DacB)	283:293	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	11	theme	aeruginosa	205:214	arg1	PBP5					296:299	PBP5	296:299	PBP5 (DacC)	296:306	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	11	theme	aeruginosa	205:214	arg1	proteins					254:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	193:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs)	193:272	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	11	theme	aeruginosa	205:214	arg1	PBP7					313:316	PBP7	313:316	PBP7 (PbpG)	313:323	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	11	theme	aeruginosa	205:214	arg1	PBPs					268:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	2	12	theme	pbpG	478:481	arg1	mutants					455:461	all single and multiple mutants	431:461	all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC	431:491	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	4	13	theme	apparent	851:858	arg1	changes					880:886	no apparent major morphological changes	848:886	no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants	848:909	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25896695	9	14	theme	β-lactam	1796:1803	arg1	resistance					1805:1814	intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1786:1814	intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1786:1814	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	6	15	theme	dd-endopeptidase	1244:1259	arg1	activity					1261:1268	their dd-endopeptidase activity	1238:1268	their dd-endopeptidase activity	1238:1268	Moreover, our results indicate that PBP4 and PBP7 play a significant role as dd-carboxypeptidase only if PBP5 is absent, and their dd-endopeptidase activity is also inferred.
25896695	1	16	theme	penicillin-binding	235:252	arg1	PBP4					283:286	PBP4	283:286	PBP4 (DacB)	283:293	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	16	theme	penicillin-binding	235:252	arg1	PBP5					296:299	PBP5	296:299	PBP5 (DacC)	296:306	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	16	theme	penicillin-binding	235:252	arg1	proteins					254:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	193:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs)	193:272	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	16	theme	penicillin-binding	235:252	arg1	PBP7					313:316	PBP7	313:316	PBP7 (PbpG)	313:323	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	16	theme	penicillin-binding	235:252	arg1	PBPs					268:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	2	17	dep	aeruginosa	515:524	arg1	the					498:500	the	498:500	the	498:500	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	4	18	theme	morphological	866:878	arg1	changes					880:886	no apparent major morphological changes	848:886	no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants	848:909	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25896695	3	19	theme	Bocillin	703:710	arg1	test					723:726	a Bocillin FL-binding test	701:726	a Bocillin FL-binding test	701:726	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	1	20	theme	β-lactam	356:363	arg1	resistance					365:374	β-lactam resistance	356:374	β-lactam resistance	356:374	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	8	21	theme	ampC	1658:1661	arg1	data					1674:1677	the ampC expression data	1654:1677	the ampC expression data	1654:1677	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	5	22	theme	only	973:976	arg1	mutation					983:990	only dacC mutation	973:990	only dacC mutation	973:990	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	7	23	theme	greater	1476:1482	arg1	1,000-fold					1494:1503	1,000-fold	1494:1503	1,000-fold	1494:1503	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	7	23	theme	greater	1476:1482	arg1	increase					1484:1491	a much greater increase	1469:1491	a much greater increase (1,000-fold)	1469:1504	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	10	24	dep	P.	1868:1869	arg1	aeruginosa					1871:1880	aeruginosa	1871:1880	aeruginosa	1871:1880	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	10	25	theme	β-lactam	2033:2040	arg1	resistance					2042:2051	β-lactam resistance	2033:2051	β-lactam resistance	2033:2051	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	0	26	theme	AmpC	81:84	arg1	expression					86:95	AmpC expression	81:95	AmpC expression	81:95	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	3	27	theme	Peptidoglycan	539:551	arg1	composition					553:563	Peptidoglycan composition	539:563	Peptidoglycan composition	539:563	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	1	28	from	role	185:188	arg1	composition					343:353	peptidoglycan composition	329:353	peptidoglycan composition	329:353	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	28	from	role	185:188	arg1	resistance					365:374	β-lactam resistance	356:374	β-lactam resistance	356:374	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	28	from	role	185:188	arg1	regulation					386:395	ampC regulation	381:395	ampC regulation	381:395	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	10	29	theme	PBPs	2025:2028	arg1	impact					2009:2014	the impact	2005:2014	the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity	2005:2190	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	3	30	theme	MIC	765:767	arg1	testing					769:775	MIC testing	765:775	MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams	765:800	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	1	31	theme	ampC	381:384	arg1	regulation					386:395	ampC regulation	381:395	ampC regulation	381:395	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	3	32	theme	β-lactams	792:800	arg1	panel					783:787	a panel	781:787	a panel of β-lactams	781:800	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	7	33	theme	PBPs	1455:1458	arg1	inactivation					1425:1436	the sequential inactivation	1410:1436	the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs	1410:1458	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	2	34	theme	dacC	472:475	arg1	mutants					455:461	all single and multiple mutants	431:461	all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC	431:491	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	0	35	from	Role	0:3	arg1	structure					137:145	peptidoglycan structure	123:145	peptidoglycan structure	123:145	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	0	35	from	Role	0:3	arg1	expression					86:95	AmpC expression	81:95	AmpC expression	81:95	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	0	35	from	Role	0:3	arg1	resistance					107:116	β-lactam resistance	98:116	β-lactam resistance	98:116	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	10	36	theme	PBPs	1886:1889	arg1	effect					1858:1863	the effect	1854:1863	the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure	1854:1916	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	5	37	theme	increased	1013:1021	arg1	levels					1036:1041	significantly increased pentapeptide levels	999:1041	significantly increased pentapeptide levels	999:1041	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	2	38	theme	dacB	466:469	arg1	mutants					455:461	all single and multiple mutants	431:461	all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC	431:491	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	9	39	theme	ampC	1709:1712	arg1	inactivation					1693:1704	the inactivation	1689:1704	the inactivation of ampC in these mutants	1689:1729	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	3	40	theme	antimicrobial	733:745	arg1	susceptibility					747:760	antimicrobial susceptibility	733:760	antimicrobial susceptibility	733:760	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	10	41	from	roles	2103:2107	arg1	activity					2183:2190	dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity	2151:2190	dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity	2151:2190	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	10	41	from	roles	2103:2107	arg1	induction					2117:2125	AmpC induction	2112:2125	AmpC induction	2112:2125	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	10	41	from	roles	2103:2107	arg1	trapping					2137:2144	β-lactam trapping	2128:2144	β-lactam trapping	2128:2144	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	0	42	theme	Pseudomonas	8:18	arg1	proteins					69:76	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	8:76	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	8:76	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	10	43	from	effect	1858:1863	arg1	structure					1908:1916	peptidoglycan structure	1894:1916	peptidoglycan structure	1894:1916	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	7	44	theme	peptidoglycan	1529:1541	arg1	levels					1556:1561	peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels	1529:1561	peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels	1529:1561	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	4	45	theme	wild-type	927:935	arg1	strain					942:947	the wild-type PAO1 strain	923:947	the wild-type PAO1 strain	923:947	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25896695	3	46	theme	liquid	600:605	arg1	HPLC					623:626	HPLC	623:626	HPLC	623:626	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	3	46	theme	liquid	600:605	arg1	chromatography					607:620	high-performance liquid chromatography	583:620	high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	583:627	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	0	47	theme	low-molecular-mass	31:48	arg1	proteins					69:76	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	8:76	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	8:76	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	4	48	dep	Microscopy	803:812	arg1	analyses					830:837	analyses	830:837	analyses	830:837	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25896695	0	49	theme	proteins	69:76	arg1	Role					0:3	Role	0:3	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.	0:146	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	5	50	theme	single	957:962	arg1	mutants					964:970	the single mutants	953:970	the single mutants	953:970	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	10	51	theme	first	1926:1930	arg1	time					1932:1935	the first time	1922:1935	the first time	1922:1935	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	1	52	theme	LMM	264:266	arg1	proteins					254:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	193:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs)	193:272	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	52	theme	LMM	264:266	arg1	PBPs					268:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	0	53	dep	Pseudomonas	8:18	arg1	aeruginosa					20:29	aeruginosa	20:29	aeruginosa	20:29	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	5	54	from	dd-carboxypeptidase	1075:1093	arg1	aeruginosa					1101:1110	P. aeruginosa	1098:1110	P. aeruginosa	1098:1110	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	10	55	theme	AmpC	2112:2115	arg1	induction					2117:2125	AmpC induction	2112:2125	AmpC induction	2112:2125	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	9	56	theme	PBPs	1760:1763	arg1	role					1748:1751	a role	1746:1751	a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1746:1814	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	3	57	theme	ampC	630:633	arg1	expression					635:644	ampC expression	630:644	ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test	630:726	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	9	58	from	inactivation	1693:1704	arg1	mutants					1723:1729	these mutants	1717:1729	these mutants	1717:1729	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	8	59	theme	susceptibility	1586:1599	arg1	profiles					1601:1608	the β-lactam susceptibility profiles	1573:1608	the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants	1573:1631	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	10	60	theme	peptidoglycan	1894:1906	arg1	structure					1908:1916	peptidoglycan structure	1894:1916	peptidoglycan structure	1894:1916	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	9	61	from	role	1748:1751	arg1	resistance					1805:1814	intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1786:1814	intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1786:1814	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	9	62	theme	intrinsic	1786:1794	arg1	resistance					1805:1814	intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1786:1814	intrinsic β-lactam resistance	1786:1814	However, the inactivation of ampC in these mutants also evidenced a role of LMM PBPs, especially PBP5, in intrinsic β-lactam resistance.
25896695	8	63	theme	LMM	1617:1619	arg1	mutants					1625:1631	the LMM PBP mutants	1613:1631	the LMM PBP mutants	1613:1631	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	1	64	theme	low-molecular-mass	216:233	arg1	PBP4					283:286	PBP4	283:286	PBP4 (DacB)	283:293	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	64	theme	low-molecular-mass	216:233	arg1	PBP5					296:299	PBP5	296:299	PBP5 (DacC)	296:306	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	64	theme	low-molecular-mass	216:233	arg1	proteins					254:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	193:261	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs)	193:272	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	64	theme	low-molecular-mass	216:233	arg1	PBP7					313:316	PBP7	313:316	PBP7 (PbpG)	313:323	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	1	64	theme	low-molecular-mass	216:233	arg1	PBPs					268:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	LMM PBPs	264:271	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	10	65	theme	forward	1980:1986	arg1	step					1975:1978	a step	1973:1978	a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity	1973:2190	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	8	66	theme	mutants	1625:1631	arg1	profiles					1601:1608	the β-lactam susceptibility profiles	1573:1608	the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants	1573:1631	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	1	67	theme	proteins	254:261	arg1	role					185:188	the role	181:188	the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation	181:395	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	4	68	theme	major	860:864	arg1	changes					880:886	no apparent major morphological changes	848:886	no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants	848:909	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25896695	3	69	theme	FL-binding	712:721	arg1	test					723:726	a Bocillin FL-binding test	701:726	a Bocillin FL-binding test	701:726	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	10	70	dep	assessing	1844:1852	arg1	addition					1832:1839	addition	1832:1839	addition	1832:1839	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	4	71	theme	growth	818:823	arg1	rate					825:828	growth rate	818:828	growth rate	818:828	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25896695	2	72	theme	ampC	488:491	arg1	mutants					455:461	all single and multiple mutants	431:461	all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC	431:491	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	10	73	theme	P.	1868:1869	arg1	PBPs					1886:1889	P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs	1868:1889	P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs	1868:1889	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	5	74	theme	dacC	978:981	arg1	mutation					983:990	only dacC mutation	973:990	only dacC mutation	973:990	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	8	75	theme	expression	1663:1672	arg1	data					1674:1677	the ampC expression data	1654:1677	the ampC expression data	1654:1677	Finally, the β-lactam susceptibility profiles of the LMM PBP mutants correlated well with the ampC expression data.
25896695	2	76	theme	multiple	446:453	arg1	mutants					455:461	all single and multiple mutants	431:461	all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC	431:491	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	0	77	theme	β-lactam	98:105	arg1	resistance					107:116	β-lactam resistance	98:116	β-lactam resistance	98:116	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	7	78	theme	LMM	1451:1453	arg1	PBPs					1455:1458	the three LMM PBPs	1441:1458	the three LMM PBPs	1441:1458	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	2	79	theme	single	435:440	arg1	mutants					455:461	all single and multiple mutants	431:461	all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC	431:491	For this purpose, we constructed all single and multiple mutants of dacB, dacC, pbpG, and ampC from the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain.
25896695	7	80	from	increase	1347:1354	arg1	expression					1364:1373	ampC expression	1359:1373	ampC expression (around 50-fold)	1359:1390	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	10	81	theme	LMM	1882:1884	arg1	PBPs					1886:1889	P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs	1868:1889	P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs	1868:1889	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	0	82	theme	peptidoglycan	123:135	arg1	structure					137:145	peptidoglycan structure	123:145	peptidoglycan structure	123:145	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	5	83	theme	pentapeptide	1023:1034	arg1	levels					1036:1041	significantly increased pentapeptide levels	999:1041	significantly increased pentapeptide levels	999:1041	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	1	84	theme	peptidoglycan	329:341	arg1	composition					343:353	peptidoglycan composition	329:353	peptidoglycan composition	329:353	This study aimed to characterize the role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins (LMM PBPs), namely, PBP4 (DacB), PBP5 (DacC), and PBP7 (PbpG), in peptidoglycan composition, β-lactam resistance, and ampC regulation.
25896695	10	85	theme	dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase	2151:2181	arg1	activity					2183:2190	dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity	2151:2190	dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity	2151:2190	In summary, in addition to assessing the effect of P. aeruginosa LMM PBPs on peptidoglycan structure for the first time, we obtained results that represent a step forward in understanding the impact of these PBPs on β-lactam resistance, apparently driven by the interplay between their roles in AmpC induction, β-lactam trapping, and dd-carboxypeptidase/β-lactamase activity.
25896695	3	86	theme	high-performance	583:598	arg1	HPLC					623:626	HPLC	623:626	HPLC	623:626	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	3	86	theme	high-performance	583:598	arg1	chromatography					607:620	high-performance liquid chromatography	583:620	high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	583:627	Peptidoglycan composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ampC expression by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), PBP patterns by a Bocillin FL-binding test, and antimicrobial susceptibility by MIC testing for a panel of β-lactams.
25896695	0	87	theme	penicillin-binding	50:67	arg1	proteins					69:76	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	8:76	Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins	8:76	Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa low-molecular-mass penicillin-binding proteins in AmpC expression, β-lactam resistance, and peptidoglycan structure.
25896695	7	88	theme	pentapeptide	1543:1554	arg1	levels					1556:1561	peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels	1529:1561	peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels	1529:1561	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	5	89	theme	major	1069:1073	arg1	dd-carboxypeptidase					1075:1093	the major dd-carboxypeptidase	1065:1093	the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa	1065:1110	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	5	89	theme	major	1069:1073	arg1	PBP5					1057:1060	PBP5	1057:1060	PBP5	1057:1060	Of the single mutants, only dacC mutation led to significantly increased pentapeptide levels, showing that PBP5 is the major dd-carboxypeptidase in P. aeruginosa.
25896695	7	90	theme	sequential	1414:1423	arg1	inactivation					1425:1436	the sequential inactivation	1410:1436	the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs	1410:1458	As expected, the inactivation of PBP4 led to a significant increase in ampC expression (around 50-fold), but, remarkably, the sequential inactivation of the three LMM PBPs produced a much greater increase (1,000-fold), which correlated with peptidoglycan pentapeptide levels.
25896695	4	91	theme	PAO1	937:940	arg1	strain					942:947	the wild-type PAO1 strain	923:947	the wild-type PAO1 strain	923:947	Microscopy and growth rate analyses revealed no apparent major morphological changes for any of the mutants compared to the wild-type PAO1 strain.
25602757	3	0	theme	n	577:577	arg1	8/group					581:587	n = 8/group	577:587	n = 8/group	577:587	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	0	theme	n	577:577	arg1	rats					571:574	young adult male rats	554:574	young adult male rats (n = 8/group)	554:588	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	8	1	theme	fermentable	1631:1641	arg1	pectin					1649:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin	1619:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1619:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	7	2	theme	continued	1565:1573	arg1	intervention					1583:1594	continued dietary intervention	1565:1594	continued dietary intervention	1565:1594	Therefore, the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations were dose-dependent, occurred within 8 days and were largely sustained for 28 days during continued dietary intervention.
25602757	8	3	theme	pectin	1649:1654	arg1	pectin					1649:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin	1619:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1619:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	3	theme	pectin	1649:1654	arg1	amounts					1608:1614	Increasing amounts	1597:1614	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1597:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	6	4	theme	crypt	1189:1193	arg1	depth					1195:1199	crypt depth	1189:1199	crypt depth	1189:1199	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	5	theme	inclusion	1066:1074	arg1	rate					1076:1079	pectin inclusion rate	1059:1079	pectin inclusion rate	1059:1079	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	6	theme	total	1232:1236	arg1	GLP-1					1263:1267	GLP-1	1263:1267	GLP-1	1263:1267	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	6	theme	total	1232:1236	arg1	peptide-1					1252:1260	plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1	1225:1260	plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)	1225:1268	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	4	7	theme	gut	725:727	arg1	weights					738:744	final gut regional weights	719:744	final gut regional weights	719:744	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	3	8	theme	apple	497:501	arg1	pectin					503:508	w/w apple pectin	493:508	w/w apple pectin	493:508	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	4	9	theme	hormone	786:792	arg1	concentrations					794:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	0	10	theme	gut	86:88	arg1	hypertrophy					90:100	gut hypertrophy	86:100	gut hypertrophy	86:100	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	6	11	theme	PYY	1301:1303	arg1	concentrations					1306:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	12	theme	small	1135:1139	arg1	intestine					1141:1149	small intestine	1135:1149	small intestine	1135:1149	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	3	13	theme	ad	523:524	arg1	libitum					526:532	ad libitum	523:532	ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group)	523:588	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	1	14	theme	gut	187:189	arg1	adaptations					191:201	gut adaptations	187:201	gut adaptations	187:201	Soluble fermentable dietary fibre elicits gut adaptations, increases satiety and potentially offers a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation.
25602757	8	15	theme	weight	1712:1717	arg1	gain					1719:1722	body weight gain	1707:1722	body weight gain	1707:1722	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	4	16	theme	plasma	771:776	arg1	concentrations					794:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	0	17	from	adiposity	75:83	arg1	rats					139:142	rats	139:142	rats	139:142	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	5	18	theme	body	915:918	arg1	gain					927:930	body weight gain	915:930	body weight gain	915:930	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	0	19	from	intake	67:72	arg1	rats					139:142	rats	139:142	rats	139:142	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	6	20	with	weight	1356:1361	arg1	depth					1407:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	8	21	from	diet	1663:1666	arg1	pectin					1649:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin	1619:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1619:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	21	from	diet	1663:1666	arg1	amounts					1608:1614	Increasing amounts	1597:1614	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1597:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	22	dep	hormones	1796:1803	arg1	hormones					1796:1803	proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY	1762:1817	proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY	1762:1817	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	22	dep	hormones	1796:1803	arg1	PYY					1815:1817	PYY	1815:1817	PYY	1815:1817	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	22	dep	hormones	1796:1803	arg1	GLP-1					1805:1809	GLP-1	1805:1809	GLP-1	1805:1809	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	6	23	with	length	1367:1372	arg1	depth					1407:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	4	24	theme	body	640:643	arg1	intake					632:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	24	theme	body	640:643	arg1	weight					645:650	body weight	640:650	body weight	640:650	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	6	25	theme	villus	1171:1176	arg1	height					1178:1183	jejunum villus height	1163:1183	jejunum villus height	1163:1183	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	8	26	theme	Increasing	1597:1606	arg1	pectin					1649:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin	1619:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1619:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	26	theme	Increasing	1597:1606	arg1	amounts					1608:1614	Increasing amounts	1597:1614	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1597:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	7	27	theme	endocrine	1453:1461	arg1	adaptations					1463:1473	the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations	1425:1473	the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations	1425:1473	Therefore, the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations were dose-dependent, occurred within 8 days and were largely sustained for 28 days during continued dietary intervention.
25602757	8	28	theme	satiety	1788:1794	arg1	hormones					1796:1803	proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY	1762:1817	proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY	1762:1817	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	28	theme	satiety	1788:1794	arg1	PYY					1815:1817	PYY	1815:1817	PYY	1815:1817	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	28	theme	satiety	1788:1794	arg1	GLP-1					1805:1809	GLP-1	1805:1809	GLP-1	1805:1809	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	29	theme	increased	1778:1786	arg1	hormones					1796:1803	proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY	1762:1817	proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY	1762:1817	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	29	theme	increased	1778:1786	arg1	PYY					1815:1817	PYY	1815:1817	PYY	1815:1817	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	29	theme	increased	1778:1786	arg1	GLP-1					1805:1809	GLP-1	1805:1809	GLP-1	1805:1809	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	5	30	theme	fat	955:957	arg1	mass					959:962	body fat mass	950:962	body fat mass	950:962	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	6	31	theme	caecal	1392:1397	arg1	depth					1407:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	5	32	theme	dietary	841:847	arg1	rate					866:869	dietary pectin inclusion rate	841:869	dietary pectin inclusion rate	841:869	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	7	33	theme	morphological	1435:1447	arg1	adaptations					1463:1473	the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations	1425:1473	the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations	1425:1473	Therefore, the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations were dose-dependent, occurred within 8 days and were largely sustained for 28 days during continued dietary intervention.
25602757	4	34	theme	voluntary	617:625	arg1	intake					632:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	34	theme	voluntary	617:625	arg1	weight					645:650	body weight	640:650	body weight	640:650	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	34	theme	voluntary	617:625	arg1	composition					676:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	0	35	theme	Dose-dependent	0:13	arg1	effects					15:21	Dose-dependent effects	0:21	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.	0:143	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	1	36	theme	natural	247:253	arg1	means					267:271	a natural sustainable means	245:271	a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation	245:297	Soluble fermentable dietary fibre elicits gut adaptations, increases satiety and potentially offers a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation.
25602757	8	37	theme	soluble	1623:1629	arg1	pectin					1649:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin	1619:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1619:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	38	from	pectin	1649:1654	arg1	diet					1663:1666	the diet	1659:1666	the diet	1659:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	39	theme	soluble	1869:1875	arg1	satiety					1899:1905	soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety	1869:1905	soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety	1869:1905	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	3	40	theme	young	554:558	arg1	8/group					581:587	n = 8/group	577:587	n = 8/group	577:587	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	40	theme	young	554:558	arg1	rats					571:574	young adult male rats	554:574	young adult male rats (n = 8/group)	554:588	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	5	41	from	effect	973:978	arg1	gain					993:996	lean mass gain	983:996	lean mass gain	983:996	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	1	42	theme	body	276:279	arg1	weight					281:286	body weight	276:286	body weight regulation	276:297	Soluble fermentable dietary fibre elicits gut adaptations, increases satiety and potentially offers a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation.
25602757	6	43	dep	correlated	1096:1105	arg1	correlated					1340:1349	correlated	1340:1349	was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth	1336:1411	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	8	44	theme	fat	1733:1735	arg1	content					1737:1743	body fat content	1728:1743	body fat content	1728:1743	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	4	45	theme	resonance	700:708	arg1	imaging					710:716	magnetic resonance imaging	691:716	magnetic resonance imaging	691:716	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	0	46	theme	fibre	44:48	arg1	effects					15:21	Dose-dependent effects	0:21	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.	0:143	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	5	47	theme	mass	988:991	arg1	gain					993:996	lean mass gain	983:996	lean mass gain	983:996	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	5	48	theme	food	902:905	arg1	intake					907:912	food intake	902:912	food intake	902:912	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	3	49	theme	isocaloric	430:439	arg1	diets					455:459	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets	425:459	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin	425:508	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	6	50	theme	tyrosine	1282:1289	arg1	PYY					1301:1303	peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)	1274:1304	peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)	1274:1304	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	5	51	theme	inclusion	856:864	arg1	rate					866:869	dietary pectin inclusion rate	841:869	dietary pectin inclusion rate	841:869	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	8	52	theme	body	1918:1921	arg1	weight					1923:1928	healthy body weight	1910:1928	healthy body weight regulation	1910:1939	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	3	53	theme	male	566:569	arg1	8/group					581:587	n = 8/group	577:587	n = 8/group	577:587	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	53	theme	male	566:569	arg1	rats					571:574	young adult male rats	554:574	young adult male rats (n = 8/group)	554:588	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	4	54	theme	body	671:674	arg1	intake					632:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	54	theme	body	671:674	arg1	composition					676:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	7	55	theme	dietary	1575:1581	arg1	intervention					1583:1594	continued dietary intervention	1565:1594	continued dietary intervention	1565:1594	Therefore, the gut's morphological and endocrine adaptations were dose-dependent, occurred within 8 days and were largely sustained for 28 days during continued dietary intervention.
25602757	5	56	theme	lean	983:986	arg1	gain					993:996	lean mass gain	983:996	lean mass gain	983:996	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	8	57	theme	body	1707:1710	arg1	gain					1719:1722	body weight gain	1707:1722	body weight gain	1707:1722	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	5	58	from	intake	907:912	arg1	mass					959:962	body fat mass	950:962	body fat mass	950:962	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	8	59	theme	fibre	1643:1647	arg1	pectin					1649:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin	1619:1654	the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet	1619:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	2	60	theme	physiological	326:338	arg1	responses					340:348	physiological responses	326:348	physiological responses to graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin)	326:403	Here we aimed to quantify physiological responses to graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin) in an animal model.
25602757	8	61	theme	fibre-induced	1885:1897	arg1	satiety					1899:1905	soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety	1869:1905	soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety	1869:1905	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	4	62	theme	regional	729:736	arg1	weights					738:744	final gut regional weights	719:744	final gut regional weights	719:744	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	3	63	theme	=	579:579	arg1	8/group					581:587	n = 8/group	577:587	n = 8/group	577:587	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	63	theme	=	579:579	arg1	rats					571:574	young adult male rats	554:574	young adult male rats (n = 8/group)	554:588	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	0	64	from	satiety	110:116	arg1	rats					139:142	rats	139:142	rats	139:142	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	6	65	theme	ileum	1202:1206	arg1	depth					1214:1218	ileum crypt depth	1202:1218	ileum crypt depth	1202:1218	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	1	66	theme	regulation	288:297	arg1	means					267:271	a natural sustainable means	245:271	a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation	245:297	Soluble fermentable dietary fibre elicits gut adaptations, increases satiety and potentially offers a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation.
25602757	6	67	theme	pectin	1059:1064	arg1	rate					1076:1079	pectin inclusion rate	1059:1079	pectin inclusion rate	1059:1079	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	3	68	theme	w/w	493:495	arg1	pectin					503:508	w/w apple pectin	493:508	w/w apple pectin	493:508	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	4	69	theme	final	719:723	arg1	weights					738:744	final gut regional weights	719:744	final gut regional weights	719:744	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	6	70	theme	caecum	1155:1160	arg1	concentrations					1306:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	4	71	theme	satiety	778:784	arg1	concentrations					794:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	0	72	theme	gut	106:108	arg1	satiety					110:116	gut satiety	106:116	gut satiety	106:116	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	6	73	theme	stomach	1040:1046	arg1	weight					1048:1053	stomach weight	1040:1053	stomach weight	1040:1053	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	0	74	theme	hormone	118:124	arg1	secretion					126:134	hormone secretion	118:134	hormone secretion	118:134	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	8	75	theme	body	1728:1731	arg1	fat					1733:1735	body fat	1728:1735	body fat content	1728:1743	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	4	76	theme	final	765:769	arg1	concentrations					794:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	final plasma satiety hormone concentrations	765:807	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	5	77	theme	weight	920:925	arg1	gain					927:930	body weight gain	915:930	body weight gain	915:930	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	5	78	from	change	940:945	arg1	mass					959:962	body fat mass	950:962	body fat mass	950:962	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	0	79	theme	food	62:65	arg1	intake					67:72	food intake	62:72	food intake	62:72	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	8	80	theme	food	1694:1697	arg1	intake					1699:1704	food intake	1694:1704	food intake	1694:1704	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	0	81	from	effects	15:21	arg1	intake					67:72	food intake	62:72	food intake	62:72	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	0	81	from	effects	15:21	arg1	adiposity					75:83	adiposity	75:83	adiposity	75:83	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	0	81	from	effects	15:21	arg1	hypertrophy					90:100	gut hypertrophy	86:100	gut hypertrophy	86:100	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	0	81	from	effects	15:21	arg1	satiety					110:116	gut satiety	106:116	gut satiety	106:116	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	8	82	from	amounts	1608:1614	arg1	diet					1663:1666	the diet	1659:1666	the diet	1659:1666	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	6	83	theme	height	1178:1183	arg1	concentrations					1306:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	5	84	theme	28-day	825:830	arg1	cohorts					832:838	both 8- and 28-day cohorts	813:838	both 8- and 28-day cohorts	813:838	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	6	85	theme	jejunum	1163:1169	arg1	height					1178:1183	jejunum villus height	1163:1183	jejunum villus height	1163:1183	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	5	86	theme	body	950:953	arg1	mass					959:962	body fat mass	950:962	body fat mass	950:962	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	6	87	theme	mucosal	1399:1405	arg1	depth					1407:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	caecal mucosal depth	1392:1411	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	3	88	contain	containing	461:470	arg1	diets					455:459	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets	425:459	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin	425:508	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	88	contain	containing	461:470	arg2	%					478:478	3.3%	475:478	3.3%	475:478	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	88	contain	containing	461:470	arg2	%					491:491	10%	489:491	10%	489:491	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	88	contain	containing	461:470	arg2	0					472:472	0	472:472	0	472:472	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	88	contain	containing	461:470	arg2	%					484:484	6.7%	481:484	6.7%	481:484	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	5	89	from	gain	927:930	arg1	mass					959:962	body fat mass	950:962	body fat mass	950:962	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	6	90	theme	glucagon-like	1238:1250	arg1	GLP-1					1263:1267	GLP-1	1263:1267	GLP-1	1263:1267	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	90	theme	glucagon-like	1238:1250	arg1	peptide-1					1252:1260	plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1	1225:1260	plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)	1225:1268	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	3	91	dep	0	472:472	arg1	pectin					503:508	w/w apple pectin	493:508	w/w apple pectin	493:508	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	6	92	theme	intestine	1141:1149	arg1	lengths					1124:1130	lengths	1124:1130	lengths	1124:1130	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	92	theme	intestine	1141:1149	arg1	weights					1112:1118	weights	1112:1118	weights	1112:1118	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	92	theme	intestine	1141:1149	arg1	concentrations					1306:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations	1155:1319	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	2	93	theme	graded	353:358	arg1	intakes					360:366	graded intakes	353:366	graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin)	353:403	Here we aimed to quantify physiological responses to graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin) in an animal model.
25602757	6	94	theme	plasma	1225:1230	arg1	GLP-1					1263:1267	GLP-1	1263:1267	GLP-1	1263:1267	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	94	theme	plasma	1225:1230	arg1	peptide-1					1252:1260	plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1	1225:1260	plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)	1225:1268	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	1	95	theme	sustainable	255:265	arg1	means					267:271	a natural sustainable means	245:271	a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation	245:297	Soluble fermentable dietary fibre elicits gut adaptations, increases satiety and potentially offers a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation.
25602757	6	96	theme	colon	1377:1381	arg1	length					1367:1372	length	1367:1372	length	1367:1372	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	96	theme	colon	1377:1381	arg1	weight					1356:1361	weight	1356:1361	weight	1356:1361	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	5	97	theme	8-	818:819	arg1	cohorts					832:838	both 8- and 28-day cohorts	813:838	both 8- and 28-day cohorts	813:838	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	8	98	theme	dietary	1877:1883	arg1	satiety					1899:1905	soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety	1869:1905	soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety	1869:1905	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	4	99	theme	food	627:630	arg1	intake					632:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	99	theme	food	627:630	arg1	weight					645:650	body weight	640:650	body weight	640:650	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	99	theme	food	627:630	arg1	composition					676:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	2	100	theme	fibre	390:394	arg1	intakes					360:366	graded intakes	353:366	graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin)	353:403	Here we aimed to quantify physiological responses to graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin) in an animal model.
25602757	8	101	theme	intestinal	1823:1832	arg1	hypertrophy					1834:1844	intestinal hypertrophy	1823:1844	intestinal hypertrophy	1823:1844	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	6	102	theme	crypt	1208:1212	arg1	depth					1214:1218	ileum crypt depth	1202:1218	ileum crypt depth	1202:1218	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	1	103	theme	weight	281:286	arg1	regulation					288:297	body weight regulation	276:297	body weight regulation	276:297	Soluble fermentable dietary fibre elicits gut adaptations, increases satiety and potentially offers a natural sustainable means of body weight regulation.
25602757	8	104	from	role	1860:1863	arg1	regulation					1930:1939	healthy body weight regulation	1910:1939	healthy body weight regulation	1910:1939	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	8	105	theme	healthy	1910:1916	arg1	weight					1923:1928	healthy body weight	1910:1928	healthy body weight regulation	1910:1939	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	2	106	theme	animal	411:416	arg1	model					418:422	an animal model	408:422	an animal model	408:422	Here we aimed to quantify physiological responses to graded intakes of a specific dietary fibre (pectin) in an animal model.
25602757	6	107	contain	had	1023:1025	arg1	pectin					1016:1021	pectin	1016:1021	pectin	1016:1021	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	6	107	contain	had	1023:1025	arg2	effect					1030:1035	no effect	1027:1035	no effect	1027:1035	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	4	108	theme	magnetic	691:698	arg1	imaging					710:716	magnetic resonance imaging	691:716	magnetic resonance imaging	691:716	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	6	109	theme	tyrosine	1291:1298	arg1	PYY					1301:1303	peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)	1274:1304	peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)	1274:1304	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	5	110	theme	pectin	849:854	arg1	rate					866:869	dietary pectin inclusion rate	841:869	dietary pectin inclusion rate	841:869	In both 8- and 28-day cohorts, dietary pectin inclusion rate was negatively correlated with food intake, body weight gain and the change in body fat mass, with no effect on lean mass gain.
25602757	8	111	theme	weight	1923:1928	arg1	regulation					1930:1939	healthy body weight regulation	1910:1939	healthy body weight regulation	1910:1939	Increasing amounts of the soluble fermentable fibre pectin in the diet proportionately decreased food intake, body weight gain and body fat content, associated with proportionately increased satiety hormones GLP-1 and PYY and intestinal hypertrophy, supporting a role for soluble dietary fibre-induced satiety in healthy body weight regulation.
25602757	0	112	dep	intake	67:72	arg1	secretion					126:134	hormone secretion	118:134	hormone secretion	118:134	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	3	113	theme	adult	560:564	arg1	8/group					581:587	n = 8/group	577:587	n = 8/group	577:587	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	3	113	theme	adult	560:564	arg1	rats					571:574	young adult male rats	554:574	young adult male rats (n = 8/group)	554:588	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	4	114	theme	initial	653:659	arg1	intake					632:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	114	theme	initial	653:659	arg1	composition					676:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	3	115	theme	semi-purified	441:453	arg1	diets					455:459	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets	425:459	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin	425:508	Four isocaloric semi-purified diets containing 0, 3.3%, 6.7% or 10% w/w apple pectin were offered ad libitum for 8 or 28 days to young adult male rats (n = 8/group).
25602757	6	116	theme	peptide	1274:1280	arg1	PYY					1301:1303	peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)	1274:1304	peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)	1274:1304	In both cohorts, pectin had no effect on stomach weight but pectin inclusion rate was positively correlated with weights and lengths of small intestine and caecum, jejunum villus height and crypt depth, ileum crypt depth, and plasma total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) concentrations, and at 8 days was correlated with weight and length of colon and with caecal mucosal depth.
25602757	0	117	from	hypertrophy	90:100	arg1	rats					139:142	rats	139:142	rats	139:142	Dose-dependent effects of a soluble dietary fibre (pectin) on food intake, adiposity, gut hypertrophy and gut satiety hormone secretion in rats.
25602757	4	118	theme	final	665:669	arg1	intake					632:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	voluntary food intake	617:637	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25602757	4	118	theme	final	665:669	arg1	composition					676:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	initial and final body composition	653:686	Measurements were made of voluntary food intake, body weight, initial and final body composition by magnetic resonance imaging, final gut regional weights and histology, and final plasma satiety hormone concentrations.
25614493	2	0	located	observed	481:488	arg2	capacity					468:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	2	0	located	observed	481:488	arg1	peptides-b2					512:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	3	1	theme	proliferation	697:709	arg1	ability					711:717	the highest proliferation ability	685:717	the highest proliferation ability	685:717	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	6	2	theme	dried	1439:1443	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	2	theme	dried	1439:1443	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	2	theme	dried	1439:1443	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	2	theme	dried	1439:1443	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	2	3	theme	gelatin	593:599	arg1	peptides					601:608	the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	572:608	the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	572:608	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	6	4	theme	dried	1314:1318	arg1	biofilm					1331:1337	dried fabricated biofilm	1314:1337	dried fabricated biofilm	1314:1337	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	3	5	from	concentration	647:659	arg1	peptides-b2					630:640	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	611:640	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml	611:673	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	1	6	theme	ultrafiltration	258:272	arg1	system					274:279	an ultrafiltration system	255:279	an ultrafiltration system	255:279	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	6	7	theme	cellulose-modified	1396:1413	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	7	theme	cellulose-modified	1396:1413	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	7	theme	cellulose-modified	1396:1413	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	7	theme	cellulose-modified	1396:1413	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	1	8	theme	Tilapia	172:178	arg1	gelatin					194:200	Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	172:200	Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	172:200	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	6	9	theme	cellulose-modified	1271:1288	arg1	cellulose					1300:1308	cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1271:1308	cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1271:1308	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	3	10	theme	mRNA	770:773	arg1	expression					737:746	the expression	733:746	the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis	733:821	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	1	11	theme	5	403:403	arg1	kDa					405:407	kDa	405:407	kDa	405:407	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	12	theme	skin	189:192	arg1	gelatin					194:200	Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	172:200	Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	172:200	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	2	13	theme	amino	555:559	arg1	acids					561:565	more nonpolar amino acids	541:565	more nonpolar amino acids	541:565	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	3	14	theme	I	756:756	arg1	mRNA					770:773	Type I procollagen mRNA	751:773	Type I procollagen mRNA	751:773	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	1	15	theme	hydrolyzed	371:380	arg1	peptides-b2					390:400	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	371:400	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	371:400	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	16	theme	gelatin	122:128	arg1	peptides					130:137	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	107:137	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	107:137	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	17	theme	peptides-b2	390:400	arg1	fractions					419:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	17	theme	peptides-b2	390:400	arg1	membrane					409:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	2	18	theme	other	576:580	arg1	peptides					601:608	the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	572:608	the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	572:608	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	6	19	theme	bacterial	1346:1354	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	19	theme	bacterial	1346:1354	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	19	theme	bacterial	1346:1354	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	19	theme	bacterial	1346:1354	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	20	theme	suitable	1468:1475	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	20	theme	suitable	1468:1475	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	20	theme	suitable	1468:1475	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	20	theme	suitable	1468:1475	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	5	21	theme	bacterial	1134:1142	arg1	cellulose					1144:1152	bacterial cellulose	1134:1152	bacterial cellulose	1134:1152	Hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm were less eligible for Detroit 551 cell proliferation than bacterial cellulose.
25614493	4	22	theme	dihydrochloride-induced	915:937	arg1	damage					949:954	2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage	885:954	2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage	885:954	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	4	23	theme	increased	960:968	arg1	viability					975:983	increased cell viability	960:983	increased cell viability	960:983	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	2	24	theme	hydrolyzed	493:502	arg1	peptides-b2					512:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	3	25	theme	collagen	804:811	arg1	synthesis					813:821	an enhanced collagen synthesis	792:821	an enhanced collagen synthesis	792:821	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	3	26	theme	gelatin	622:628	arg1	peptides-b2					630:640	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	611:640	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml	611:673	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	6	27	theme	release	1539:1545	arg1	type					1547:1550	rapid release type	1533:1550	rapid release type	1533:1550	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	0	28	theme	gelatin	90:96	arg1	peptide					98:104	hydrolyzed gelatin peptide	79:104	hydrolyzed gelatin peptide	79:104	The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide.
25614493	1	29	theme	gelatin	346:352	arg1	peptides-b1					354:364	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1	335:364	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1	335:364	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	5	30	theme	fabricated	1056:1065	arg1	biofilm					1067:1073	dried fabricated biofilm	1050:1073	dried fabricated biofilm	1050:1073	Hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm were less eligible for Detroit 551 cell proliferation than bacterial cellulose.
25614493	6	31	theme	release	1516:1522	arg1	type					1524:1527	delayed release type	1508:1527	delayed release type	1508:1527	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	32	theme	hydrolyzed	1170:1179	arg1	peptides					1189:1196	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	1170:1196	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	1170:1196	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	2	33	theme	highest	434:440	arg1	capacity					468:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	6	34	from	applications	1492:1503	arg1	biofilms					1552:1559	delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms	1508:1559	delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms	1508:1559	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	5	35	theme	bacterial	1026:1034	arg1	cellulose					1036:1044	bacterial cellulose	1026:1044	bacterial cellulose	1026:1044	Hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm were less eligible for Detroit 551 cell proliferation than bacterial cellulose.
25614493	0	36	theme	composite	14:22	arg1	film					24:27	The bioactive composite film	0:27	The bioactive composite film	0:27	The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide.
25614493	1	37	theme	hydrolyzed	286:295	arg1	membrane					324:331	10 kDa membrane	317:331	10 kDa membrane	317:331	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	37	theme	hydrolyzed	286:295	arg1	peptides-a					305:314	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a	286:314	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane)	286:332	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	38	theme	peptides-a	305:314	arg1	fractions					419:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	38	theme	peptides-a	305:314	arg1	membrane					409:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	5	39	theme	cell	1110:1113	arg1	proliferation					1115:1127	Detroit 551 cell proliferation	1098:1127	Detroit 551 cell proliferation	1098:1127	Hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm were less eligible for Detroit 551 cell proliferation than bacterial cellulose.
25614493	2	40	theme	radical	449:455	arg1	capacity					468:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	4	41	theme	Detroit	862:868	arg1	cells					874:878	Detroit 551 cells	862:878	Detroit 551 cells	862:878	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	0	42	theme	bacterial	43:51	arg1	cellulose					53:61	bacterial cellulose	43:61	bacterial cellulose	43:61	The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide.
25614493	1	43	theme	10	317:318	arg1	kDa					320:322	kDa	320:322	kDa	320:322	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	3	44	theme	highest	689:695	arg1	ability					711:717	the highest proliferation ability	685:717	the highest proliferation ability	685:717	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	1	45	theme	pronase	220:226	arg1	E					228:228	pronase E	220:228	pronase E	220:228	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	4	46	theme	Hydrolyzed	824:833	arg1	peptides					843:850	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	824:850	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	824:850	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	5	47	theme	Detroit	1098:1104	arg1	proliferation					1115:1127	Detroit 551 cell proliferation	1098:1127	Detroit 551 cell proliferation	1098:1127	Hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm were less eligible for Detroit 551 cell proliferation than bacterial cellulose.
25614493	6	48	theme	bacterial	1201:1209	arg1	film					1221:1224	bacterial cellulose film	1201:1224	bacterial cellulose film	1201:1224	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	49	theme	type	1547:1550	arg1	biofilms					1552:1559	delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms	1508:1559	delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms	1508:1559	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	50	theme	fabricated	1445:1454	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	50	theme	fabricated	1445:1454	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	50	theme	fabricated	1445:1454	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	50	theme	fabricated	1445:1454	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	51	theme	peptides	1189:1196	arg1	slower					1230:1235	slower	1230:1235	slower	1230:1235	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	51	theme	peptides	1189:1196	arg1	release					1159:1165	The release	1155:1165	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film	1155:1224	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	52	from	release	1159:1165	arg1	film					1221:1224	bacterial cellulose film	1201:1224	bacterial cellulose film	1201:1224	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	2	53	theme	hydrolyzed	582:591	arg1	peptides					601:608	the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	572:608	the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	572:608	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	3	54	theme	Type	751:754	arg1	mRNA					770:773	Type I procollagen mRNA	751:773	Type I procollagen mRNA	751:773	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	6	55	theme	bacterial	1415:1423	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	55	theme	bacterial	1415:1423	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	55	theme	bacterial	1415:1423	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	55	theme	bacterial	1415:1423	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	56	theme	bacterial	1290:1298	arg1	cellulose					1300:1308	cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1271:1308	cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1271:1308	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	57	theme	hydroxylpropylmethyl	1375:1394	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	57	theme	hydroxylpropylmethyl	1375:1394	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	57	theme	hydroxylpropylmethyl	1375:1394	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	57	theme	hydroxylpropylmethyl	1375:1394	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	1	58	theme	nilotica	180:187	arg1	gelatin					194:200	Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	172:200	Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	172:200	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	6	59	dep	hydroxylpropylmethyl	1250:1269	arg1	cellulose					1300:1308	cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1271:1308	cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1271:1308	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	60	theme	delayed	1508:1514	arg1	type					1524:1527	delayed release type	1508:1527	delayed release type	1508:1527	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	1	61	theme	gelatin	194:200	arg1	hydrolysis					158:167	the hydrolysis	154:167	the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin	154:200	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	4	62	theme	cell	970:973	arg1	viability					975:983	increased cell viability	960:983	increased cell viability	960:983	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	1	63	theme	gelatin	382:388	arg1	peptides-b2					390:400	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	371:400	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	371:400	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	6	64	theme	cellulose	1356:1364	arg1	biofilm					1456:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	dried fabricated biofilm	1439:1462	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	64	theme	cellulose	1356:1364	arg1	candidates					1477:1486	suitable candidates	1468:1486	suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively	1468:1573	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	64	theme	cellulose	1356:1364	arg1	cellulose					1425:1433	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	cellulose	1425:1433	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	6	64	theme	cellulose	1356:1364	arg1	film					1366:1369	bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose	1346:1433	film	1366:1369	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	3	65	theme	enhanced	795:802	arg1	synthesis					813:821	an enhanced collagen synthesis	792:821	an enhanced collagen synthesis	792:821	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	1	66	theme	hydrolyzed	111:120	arg1	peptides					130:137	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	107:137	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	107:137	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	4	67	theme	oxidative	939:947	arg1	damage					949:954	2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage	885:954	2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage	885:954	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	1	68	theme	kDa	405:407	arg1	fractions					419:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	68	theme	kDa	405:407	arg1	membrane					409:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	3	69	theme	Hydrolyzed	611:620	arg1	peptides-b2					630:640	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	611:640	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml	611:673	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	6	70	theme	fabricated	1320:1329	arg1	biofilm					1331:1337	dried fabricated biofilm	1314:1337	dried fabricated biofilm	1314:1337	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	0	71	theme	hydrolyzed	79:88	arg1	peptide					98:104	hydrolyzed gelatin peptide	79:104	hydrolyzed gelatin peptide	79:104	The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide.
25614493	2	72	theme	nonpolar	546:553	arg1	acids					561:565	more nonpolar amino acids	541:565	more nonpolar amino acids	541:565	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	6	73	theme	rapid	1533:1537	arg1	type					1547:1550	rapid release type	1533:1550	rapid release type	1533:1550	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	1	74	theme	hydrolyzed	335:344	arg1	peptides-b1					354:364	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1	335:364	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1	335:364	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	5	75	theme	dried	1050:1054	arg1	biofilm					1067:1073	dried fabricated biofilm	1050:1073	dried fabricated biofilm	1050:1073	Hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm were less eligible for Detroit 551 cell proliferation than bacterial cellulose.
25614493	2	76	contain	contained	531:539	arg1	peptides-b2					512:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	2	76	contain	contained	531:539	arg2	acids					561:565	more nonpolar amino acids	541:565	more nonpolar amino acids	541:565	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	6	77	theme	type	1524:1527	arg1	biofilms					1552:1559	delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms	1508:1559	delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms	1508:1559	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	1	78	theme	peptides-b1	354:364	arg1	fractions					419:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions	286:427	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	78	theme	peptides-b1	354:364	arg1	membrane					409:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	5 kDa membrane	403:416	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	6	79	theme	gelatin	1181:1187	arg1	peptides					1189:1196	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	1170:1196	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	1170:1196	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
25614493	2	80	theme	gelatin	504:510	arg1	peptides-b2					512:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2	493:522	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	0	81	theme	bioactive	4:12	arg1	film					24:27	The bioactive composite film	0:27	The bioactive composite film	0:27	The bioactive composite film prepared from bacterial cellulose and modified by hydrolyzed gelatin peptide.
25614493	1	82	theme	gelatin	297:303	arg1	membrane					324:331	10 kDa membrane	317:331	10 kDa membrane	317:331	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	82	theme	gelatin	297:303	arg1	peptides-a					305:314	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a	286:314	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane)	286:332	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	2	83	theme	absorbance	457:466	arg1	capacity					468:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	4	84	theme	gelatin	835:841	arg1	peptides					843:850	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	824:850	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides	824:850	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides protected Detroit 551 cells from 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidative damage and increased cell viability.
25614493	2	85	theme	oxygen	442:447	arg1	radical					449:455	oxygen radical	442:455	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity	430:475	The highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity was observed in hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2, which contained more nonpolar amino acids than the other hydrolyzed gelatin peptides.
25614493	1	86	theme	kDa	320:322	arg1	membrane					324:331	10 kDa membrane	317:331	10 kDa membrane	317:331	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	1	86	theme	kDa	320:322	arg1	peptides-a					305:314	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a	286:314	hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane)	286:332	The hydrolyzed gelatin peptides, obtained from the hydrolysis of Tilapia nilotica skin gelatin with alcalase and pronase E, were fractionated using an ultrafiltration system into hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-a (10 kDa membrane), hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b1, and hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 (5 kDa membrane) fractions.
25614493	3	87	theme	mg/ml	669:673	arg1	concentration					647:659	a concentration	645:659	a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml	645:673	Hydrolyzed gelatin peptides-b2 at a concentration of 12.5 mg/ml exhibited the highest proliferation ability and increased the expression of Type I procollagen mRNA, which indicated an enhanced collagen synthesis.
25614493	6	88	theme	cellulose	1211:1219	arg1	film					1221:1224	bacterial cellulose film	1201:1224	bacterial cellulose film	1201:1224	The release of hydrolyzed gelatin peptides in bacterial cellulose film was slower than that in hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm; thus, bacterial cellulose film and hydroxylpropylmethyl cellulose-modified bacterial cellulose and dried fabricated biofilm are suitable candidates for applications in delayed release type and rapid release type biofilms, respectively.
24655423	11	0	theme	identified	1694:1703	arg1	inhibitors					1705:1714	The identified inhibitors	1690:1714	The identified inhibitors	1690:1714	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	4	1	theme	cane	575:578	arg1	bagasse					580:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	1	theme	cane	575:578	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	10	2	theme	biomass	1584:1590	arg1	hydrolysates					1592:1603	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1568:1603	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1568:1603	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	9	3	theme	compounds	1499:1507	arg1	majority					1472:1479	the majority	1468:1479	the majority of the identified compounds	1468:1507	cerevisiae CEN.PK 113-7D, confirming that the majority of the identified compounds were indeed inhibitors.
24655423	9	3	theme	compounds	1499:1507	arg1	inhibitors					1521:1530	inhibitors	1521:1530	inhibitors	1521:1530	cerevisiae CEN.PK 113-7D, confirming that the majority of the identified compounds were indeed inhibitors.
24655423	1	4	theme	fermenting	185:194	arg1	yeast					196:200	fermenting yeast	185:200	fermenting yeast	185:200	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	4	5	theme	wood	636:639	arg1	chips					641:645	willow wood chips	629:645	willow wood chips	629:645	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	5	theme	wood	636:639	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	6	theme	corn	589:592	arg1	stover					594:599	corn stover	589:599	corn stover	589:599	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	6	theme	corn	589:592	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	10	7	theme	lignocellulosic	1568:1582	arg1	hydrolysates					1592:1603	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1568:1603	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1568:1603	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	1	8	theme	yeast	196:200	arg1	performance					170:180	the fermentation performance	153:180	the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast	153:200	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	4	9	theme	willow	629:634	arg1	chips					641:645	willow wood chips	629:645	willow wood chips	629:645	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	9	theme	willow	629:634	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	7	10	theme	hydrolysates	1306:1317	arg1	fermentability					1268:1281	fermentability	1268:1281	fermentability	1268:1281	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	7	10	theme	hydrolysates	1306:1317	arg1	composition					1287:1297	composition	1287:1297	composition	1287:1297	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	11	11	theme	novel	1781:1785	arg1	inhibitors					1787:1796	novel inhibitors	1781:1796	novel inhibitors	1781:1796	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	11	theme	novel	1781:1785	arg1	phenylacetaldehyde					1822:1839	phenylacetaldehyde	1822:1839	phenylacetaldehyde	1822:1839	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	11	theme	novel	1781:1785	arg1	acid					1813:1816	sorbic acid	1806:1816	sorbic acid	1806:1816	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	2	12	theme	biomass	359:365	arg1	hydrolysates					367:378	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	343:378	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	343:378	An exometabolomics approach was applied to systematically identify inhibitors in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	3	13	theme	different	441:449	arg1	hydrolysates					459:470	24 different biomass hydrolysates	438:470	24 different biomass hydrolysates	438:470	RESULTS We studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	6	14	theme	chloroformate	954:966	arg1	derivatization					968:981	ethyl chloroformate derivatization	948:981	ethyl chloroformate derivatization	948:981	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	7	15	theme	potential	1189:1197	arg1	inhibitors					1199:1208	potential inhibitors	1189:1208	potential inhibitors	1189:1208	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	2	16	theme	lignocellulosic	343:357	arg1	hydrolysates					367:378	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	343:378	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	343:378	An exometabolomics approach was applied to systematically identify inhibitors in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	5	17	theme	GC-MS	898:902	arg1	methods					904:910	two GC-MS methods	894:910	two GC-MS methods	894:910	Their composition and that of fermentation samples generated with these hydrolysates were analyzed with two GC-MS methods.
24655423	3	18	dep	RESULTS	381:387	arg1	studied					392:398	studied	392:398	studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates	392:470	RESULTS We studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	6	19	theme	ethyl	948:952	arg1	derivatization					968:981	ethyl chloroformate derivatization	948:981	ethyl chloroformate derivatization	948:981	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	7	20	theme	analysis	1172:1179	arg1	models					1181:1186	multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models	1133:1186	multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models	1133:1186	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	6	21	theme	compounds	1116:1124	arg1	detection					1089:1097	the detection	1085:1097	the detection of less abundant compounds	1085:1124	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	4	22	theme	dilute	715:720	arg1	acid					722:725	dilute acid	715:725	dilute acid	715:725	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	23	theme	sugar	569:573	arg1	bagasse					580:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	23	theme	sugar	569:573	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	5	24	theme	fermentation	820:831	arg1	samples					833:839	fermentation samples	820:839	fermentation samples generated with these hydrolysates	820:873	Their composition and that of fermentation samples generated with these hydrolysates were analyzed with two GC-MS methods.
24655423	10	25	theme	Inhibitory	1544:1553	arg1	compounds					1555:1563	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds	1533:1563	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1533:1603	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	4	26	dep	acid	722:725	arg1	i.e.					710:713	i.e.	710:713	i.e.	710:713	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	6	27	used	used	987:990	arg2	extraction					934:943	ethyl acetate extraction	920:943	ethyl acetate extraction	920:943	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	6	27	used	used	987:990	arg2	derivatization					968:981	ethyl chloroformate derivatization	948:981	ethyl chloroformate derivatization	948:981	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	0	28	theme	inhibitory	12:21	arg1	compounds					23:31	inhibitory compounds	12:31	inhibitory compounds	12:31	Identifying inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates using an exometabolomics approach.
24655423	11	29	theme	sorbic	1806:1811	arg1	inhibitors					1787:1796	novel inhibitors	1781:1796	novel inhibitors	1781:1796	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	29	theme	sorbic	1806:1811	arg1	acid					1813:1816	sorbic acid	1806:1816	sorbic acid	1806:1816	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	7	30	theme	nPLS-2CV	1158:1165	arg1	analysis					1172:1179	nPLS-2CV data analysis	1158:1179	nPLS-2CV data analysis	1158:1179	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	10	31	theme	CONCLUSION	1533:1542	arg1	compounds					1555:1563	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds	1533:1563	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1533:1603	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	1	32	theme	BACKGROUND	108:117	arg1	Inhibitors					119:128	BACKGROUND Inhibitors	108:128	BACKGROUND Inhibitors	108:128	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	1	33	theme	pretreatment	213:224	arg1	process					226:232	the pretreatment process	209:232	the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass	209:259	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	4	34	theme	barley	615:620	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	34	theme	barley	615:620	arg1	straw					622:626	barley straw	615:626	barley straw	615:626	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	7	35	theme	data	1167:1170	arg1	analysis					1172:1179	nPLS-2CV data analysis	1158:1179	nPLS-2CV data analysis	1158:1179	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	4	36	theme	concentrated	771:782	arg1	acid					784:787	concentrated acid	771:787	concentrated acid	771:787	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	6	37	theme	ethyl	920:924	arg1	extraction					934:943	ethyl acetate extraction	920:943	ethyl acetate extraction	920:943	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	3	38	theme	biomass	451:457	arg1	hydrolysates					459:470	24 different biomass hydrolysates	438:470	24 different biomass hydrolysates	438:470	RESULTS We studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	10	39	from	compounds	1555:1563	arg1	hydrolysates					1592:1603	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1568:1603	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	1568:1603	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	7	40	theme	PLS-2CV	1146:1152	arg1	models					1181:1186	multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models	1133:1186	multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models	1133:1186	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	11	41	theme	known	1729:1733	arg1	inhibitors					1787:1796	novel inhibitors	1781:1796	novel inhibitors	1781:1796	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	41	theme	known	1729:1733	arg1	furfural					1749:1756	furfural	1749:1756	furfural	1749:1756	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	41	theme	known	1729:1733	arg1	ones					1735:1738	both known ones	1724:1738	both known ones	1724:1738	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	41	theme	known	1729:1733	arg1	HMF					1759:1761	HMF	1759:1761	HMF	1759:1761	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	11	41	theme	known	1729:1733	arg1	vanillin					1767:1774	vanillin	1767:1774	vanillin	1767:1774	The identified inhibitors include both known ones, such as furfural, HMF and vanillin, and novel inhibitors, namely sorbic acid and phenylacetaldehyde.
24655423	6	42	theme	abundant	1107:1114	arg1	compounds					1116:1124	less abundant compounds	1102:1124	less abundant compounds	1102:1124	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	3	43	theme	hydrolysates	459:470	arg1	composition					404:414	composition	404:414	composition	404:414	RESULTS We studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	3	43	theme	hydrolysates	459:470	arg1	fermentability					420:433	fermentability	420:433	fermentability	420:433	RESULTS We studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	10	44	theme	non-targeted	1642:1653	arg1	approach					1666:1673	a non-targeted systematic approach	1640:1673	a non-targeted systematic approach	1640:1673	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	6	45	theme	acetate	926:932	arg1	extraction					934:943	ethyl acetate extraction	920:943	ethyl acetate extraction	920:943	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	4	46	theme	mild	728:731	arg1	alkaline					733:740	mild alkaline	728:740	mild alkaline	728:740	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	1	47	theme	lignocellulosic	237:251	arg1	biomass					253:259	lignocellulosic biomass	237:259	lignocellulosic biomass	237:259	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	0	48	theme	biomass	52:58	arg1	hydrolysates					60:71	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	36:71	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates using an exometabolomics approach	36:105	Identifying inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates using an exometabolomics approach.
24655423	3	49	dep	composition	404:414	arg1	the					400:402	the	400:402	the	400:402	RESULTS We studied the composition and fermentability of 24 different biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	4	50	theme	pretreatment	688:699	arg1	methods					701:707	four different pretreatment methods	673:707	four different pretreatment methods	673:707	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	1	51	theme	biomass	253:259	arg1	process					226:232	the pretreatment process	209:232	the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass	209:259	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	0	52	theme	lignocellulosic	36:50	arg1	hydrolysates					60:71	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	36:71	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates using an exometabolomics approach	36:105	Identifying inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates using an exometabolomics approach.
24655423	7	53	theme	multivariate	1133:1144	arg1	models					1181:1186	multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models	1133:1186	multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models	1133:1186	Using multivariate PLS-2CV and nPLS-2CV data analysis models, potential inhibitors were identified through establishing relationship between fermentability and composition of the hydrolysates.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	chips					641:645	willow wood chips	629:645	willow wood chips	629:645	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	bagasse					580:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	straw					622:626	barley straw	615:626	barley straw	615:626	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	sawdust					655:661	oak sawdust	651:661	oak sawdust	651:661	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	stover					594:599	corn stover	589:599	corn stover	589:599	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	54	theme	biomass	547:553	arg1	straw					608:612	wheat straw	602:612	wheat straw	602:612	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	10	55	dep	identified	1623:1632	arg1	metabolomics					1676:1687	metabolomics	1676:1687	metabolomics	1676:1687	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	8	56	from	effects	1369:1375	arg1	growth					1384:1389	the growth	1380:1389	the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces	1380:1423	These identified compounds were tested for their effects on the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces.
24655423	4	57	theme	different	678:686	arg1	methods					701:707	four different pretreatment methods	673:707	four different pretreatment methods	673:707	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	8	58	theme	model	1398:1402	arg1	Saccharomyces					1411:1423	the model yeast, Saccharomyces	1394:1423	Saccharomyces	1411:1423	These identified compounds were tested for their effects on the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	chips					641:645	willow wood chips	629:645	willow wood chips	629:645	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	bagasse					580:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	sugar cane bagasse	569:586	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	straw					622:626	barley straw	615:626	barley straw	615:626	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	sawdust					655:661	oak sawdust	651:661	oak sawdust	651:661	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	stover					594:599	corn stover	589:599	corn stover	589:599	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	59	theme	different	537:545	arg1	straw					608:612	wheat straw	602:612	wheat straw	602:612	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	2	60	theme	exometabolomics	265:279	arg1	approach					281:288	An exometabolomics approach	262:288	An exometabolomics approach	262:288	An exometabolomics approach was applied to systematically identify inhibitors in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	4	61	theme	alkaline/peracetic	743:760	arg1	acid					762:765	alkaline/peracetic acid	743:765	alkaline/peracetic acid	743:765	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	10	62	theme	systematic	1655:1664	arg1	approach					1666:1673	a non-targeted systematic approach	1640:1673	a non-targeted systematic approach	1640:1673	CONCLUSION Inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates were successfully identified using a non-targeted systematic approach: metabolomics.
24655423	8	63	theme	identified	1326:1335	arg1	compounds					1337:1345	These identified compounds	1320:1345	These identified compounds	1320:1345	These identified compounds were tested for their effects on the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces.
24655423	4	64	theme	wheat	602:606	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	64	theme	wheat	602:606	arg1	straw					608:612	wheat straw	602:612	wheat straw	602:612	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	6	65	dep	sugars	1027:1032	arg1	overloaded					1038:1047	overloaded	1038:1047	are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds	1034:1124	Either ethyl acetate extraction or ethyl chloroformate derivatization was used before conducting GC-MS to prevent sugars are overloaded in the chromatograms, which obscure the detection of less abundant compounds.
24655423	2	66	from	inhibitors	329:338	arg1	hydrolysates					367:378	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	343:378	lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates	343:378	An exometabolomics approach was applied to systematically identify inhibitors in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates.
24655423	9	67	theme	identified	1488:1497	arg1	compounds					1499:1507	the identified compounds	1484:1507	the identified compounds	1484:1507	cerevisiae CEN.PK 113-7D, confirming that the majority of the identified compounds were indeed inhibitors.
24655423	1	68	theme	fermentation	157:168	arg1	performance					170:180	the fermentation performance	153:180	the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast	153:200	BACKGROUND Inhibitors are formed that reduce the fermentation performance of fermenting yeast during the pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass.
24655423	4	69	theme	oak	651:653	arg1	sawdust					655:661	oak sawdust	651:661	oak sawdust	651:661	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	4	69	theme	oak	651:653	arg1	types					555:559	six different biomass types	533:559	six different biomass types	533:559	To create diversity, the 24 hydrolysates were prepared from six different biomass types, namely sugar cane bagasse, corn stover, wheat straw, barley straw, willow wood chips and oak sawdust, and with four different pretreatment methods, i.e. dilute acid, mild alkaline, alkaline/peracetic acid and concentrated acid.
24655423	0	70	theme	exometabolomics	82:96	arg1	approach					98:105	an exometabolomics approach	79:105	an exometabolomics approach	79:105	Identifying inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates using an exometabolomics approach.
24655423	8	71	theme	yeast	1404:1408	arg1	Saccharomyces					1411:1423	the model yeast, Saccharomyces	1394:1423	Saccharomyces	1411:1423	These identified compounds were tested for their effects on the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces.
24655423	8	72	theme	Saccharomyces	1411:1423	arg1	growth					1384:1389	the growth	1380:1389	the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces	1380:1423	These identified compounds were tested for their effects on the growth of the model yeast, Saccharomyces.
26713050	4	0	theme	±	961:961	arg1	H2O					974:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	0	theme	±	961:961	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	1	theme	pronounced	1271:1280	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	2	2	theme	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic	334:358	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	2	theme	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic	334:358	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	1	3	theme	modified	239:246	arg1	scaffold					258:265	surface modified composite scaffold	231:265	surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction	231:292	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	4	4	theme	µL/cm	968:972	arg1	H2O					974:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	4	theme	µL/cm	968:972	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	5	theme	submucosal	1432:1441	arg1	area					1443:1446	submucosal area	1432:1446	submucosal area	1432:1446	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	5	6	theme	well-differentiated	1283:1301	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	1	7	theme	scaffold	258:265	arg1	effect					179:184	the synergistic effect	163:184	the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model	163:307	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	4	8	theme	11.81	824:828	arg1	H2O					836:838	2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O	797:838	H2O	836:838	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	9	theme	0.22	1019:1022	arg1	±					1017:1017	±	1017:1017	±	1017:1017	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	10	theme	capacity	656:663	arg1	analysis					680:687	maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis	640:687	maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation	640:713	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	11	theme	heparin-bFGF	1244:1255	arg1	group					1258:1262	the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1227:1262	the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1227:1262	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	3	12	theme	growth	539:544	arg1	factor					546:551	Basic fibroblast growth factor	522:551	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	522:558	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	3	12	theme	growth	539:544	arg1	bFGF					554:557	bFGF	554:557	bFGF	554:557	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	1	13	theme	synergistic	167:177	arg1	effect					179:184	the synergistic effect	163:184	the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model	163:307	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	4	14	theme	compliance	669:678	arg1	analysis					680:687	maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis	640:687	maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation	640:713	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	15	dep	improvement	784:794	arg1	mL					809:810	2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O	797:838	mL	809:810	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	15	dep	improvement	784:794	arg1	H2O					836:838	2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O	797:838	H2O	836:838	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	16	theme	0.23	878:881	arg1	±					876:876	±	876:876	±	876:876	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	1	17	theme	urine-derived	195:207	arg1	USCs					221:224	USCs	221:224	USCs	221:224	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	1	17	theme	urine-derived	195:207	arg1	cells					214:218	human urine-derived stem cells	189:218	human urine-derived stem cells (USCs)	189:225	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	6	18	theme	muscle	1574:1579	arg1	tissue					1581:1586	smooth muscle tissue	1567:1586	smooth muscle tissue	1567:1586	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	4	19	theme	1.76	1012:1015	arg1	±					1017:1017	±	1017:1017	±	1017:1017	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	20	theme	maximal	640:646	arg1	capacity					656:663	maximal bladder capacity	640:663	maximal bladder capacity	640:663	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	21	theme	34.27	955:959	arg1	H2O					974:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	21	theme	34.27	955:959	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	1	22	theme	cells	214:218	arg1	effect					179:184	the synergistic effect	163:184	the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model	163:307	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	4	23	theme	2.60	871:874	arg1	±					876:876	±	876:876	±	876:876	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	24	theme	scaffold	1062:1069	arg1	group					1071:1075	the scaffold group	1058:1075	the scaffold group	1058:1075	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	3	25	theme	dipping	621:627	arg1	method					629:634	a simple dipping method	612:634	a simple dipping method	612:634	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	1	26	from	effect	179:184	arg1	model					303:307	a rat model	297:307	a rat model	297:307	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	4	27	theme	±	1037:1037	arg1	H2O					1050:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	27	theme	±	1037:1037	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	0	28	theme	Scaffold	65:72	arg1	Grafts					74:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts	38:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model	38:121	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	4	29	theme	control	921:927	arg1	group					929:933	the control group	917:933	the control group	917:933	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	30	theme	bundle	1332:1337	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	4	31	theme	µL/cm	1044:1048	arg1	H2O					1050:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	31	theme	µL/cm	1044:1048	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	32	theme	±	896:896	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	32	theme	±	896:896	arg1	H2O					909:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	6	33	theme	increased	1511:1519	arg1	capacity					1529:1536	significantly increased bladder capacity	1497:1536	significantly increased bladder capacity	1497:1536	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	4	34	theme	µL/cm	903:907	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	34	theme	µL/cm	903:907	arg1	H2O					909:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	35	theme	functional	773:782	arg1	improvement					784:794	significant functional improvement	761:794	significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O)	761:839	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	36	theme	smooth	1318:1323	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	2	37	theme	submucosa	379:387	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	37	theme	submucosa	379:387	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	0	38	theme	Human	0:4	arg1	Cells					25:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	2	39	theme	precipitation	431:443	arg1	method					445:450	an immersion precipitation method	418:450	an immersion precipitation method	418:450	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	0	40	theme	Stem	20:23	arg1	Cells					25:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	6	41	dep	capacity	1529:1536	arg1	layers					1639:1644	layers	1639:1644	layers	1639:1644	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	5	42	theme	high	1411:1414	arg1	condensation					1416:1427	high condensation	1411:1427	high condensation of submucosal area	1411:1446	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	6	43	theme	in	1653:1654	arg1	study					1661:1665	the in vivo study	1649:1665	the in vivo study	1649:1665	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	5	44	theme	multi-layered	1352:1364	arg1	urothelium					1395:1404	a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium	1350:1404	a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium	1350:1404	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	4	45	theme	scaffold	1132:1139	arg1	group					1155:1159	the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1128:1159	the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1128:1159	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	0	46	theme	Modified	46:53	arg1	Grafts					74:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts	38:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model	38:121	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	5	47	theme	pan-cytokeratin-positive	1370:1393	arg1	urothelium					1395:1404	a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium	1350:1404	a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium	1350:1404	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	4	48	theme	±	1107:1107	arg1	H2O					1120:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	48	theme	±	1107:1107	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	2	49	theme	composite	314:322	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	49	theme	composite	314:322	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	4	50	theme	cystectomy	994:1003	arg1	group					1005:1009	the partial cystectomy group	982:1009	the partial cystectomy group	982:1009	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	51	theme	µL/cm	1114:1118	arg1	H2O					1120:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	51	theme	µL/cm	1114:1118	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	52	theme	±	802:802	arg1	mL					809:810	2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O	797:838	mL	809:810	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	2	53	theme	%	369:369	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	53	theme	%	369:369	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	4	54	dep	groups	863:868	arg1	mL					1024:1025	1.76 ± 0.22 mL	1012:1025	1.76 ± 0.22 mL	1012:1025	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	54	dep	groups	863:868	arg1	mL					883:884	2.60 ± 0.23 mL	871:884	2.60 ± 0.23 mL	871:884	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	54	dep	groups	863:868	arg1	H2O					909:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	54	dep	groups	863:868	arg1	mL					1094:1095	1.92 ± 0.29 mL	1082:1095	1.92 ± 0.29 mL	1082:1095	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	54	dep	groups	863:868	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	54	dep	groups	863:868	arg1	mL					948:949	1.46 ± 0.18 mL	936:949	1.46 ± 0.18 mL	936:949	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	2	55	theme	F127/3	360:365	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	55	theme	F127/3	360:365	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	1	56	theme	surface	231:237	arg1	scaffold					258:265	surface modified composite scaffold	231:265	surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction	231:292	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	1	57	theme	composite	248:256	arg1	scaffold					258:265	surface modified composite scaffold	231:265	surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction	231:292	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	0	58	link	Urine-derived	6:18	arg1	Cells					25:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	5	59	theme	area	1443:1446	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	5	59	theme	area	1443:1446	arg1	urothelium					1395:1404	a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium	1350:1404	a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium	1350:1404	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	5	59	theme	area	1443:1446	arg1	condensation					1416:1427	high condensation	1411:1427	high condensation of submucosal area	1411:1446	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	4	60	theme	heparin-bFGF	1141:1152	arg1	group					1155:1159	the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1128:1159	the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1128:1159	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	3	61	theme	fibroblast	528:537	arg1	factor					546:551	Basic fibroblast growth factor	522:551	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	522:558	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	3	61	theme	fibroblast	528:537	arg1	bFGF					554:557	bFGF	554:557	bFGF	554:557	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	4	62	theme	±	822:822	arg1	H2O					836:838	2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O	797:838	H2O	836:838	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	63	theme	35.62	1031:1035	arg1	H2O					1050:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	63	theme	35.62	1031:1035	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	64	theme	bladder	648:654	arg1	capacity					656:663	maximal bladder capacity	640:663	maximal bladder capacity	640:663	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	65	theme	µL/cm	830:834	arg1	H2O					836:838	2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O	797:838	H2O	836:838	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	1	66	theme	human	189:193	arg1	USCs					221:224	USCs	221:224	USCs	221:224	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	1	66	theme	human	189:193	arg1	cells					214:218	human urine-derived stem cells	189:218	human urine-derived stem cells (USCs)	189:225	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	6	67	theme	tissue	1581:1586	arg1	urothelium					1603:1612	multi-layered urothelium	1589:1612	multi-layered urothelium	1589:1612	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	6	67	theme	tissue	1581:1586	arg1	regeneration					1551:1562	regeneration	1551:1562	regeneration of smooth muscle tissue	1551:1586	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	6	67	theme	tissue	1581:1586	arg1	submucosa					1629:1637	condensed submucosa	1619:1637	condensed submucosa	1619:1637	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	6	67	theme	tissue	1581:1586	arg1	compliance					1539:1548	compliance	1539:1548	compliance	1539:1548	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	6	67	theme	tissue	1581:1586	arg1	capacity					1529:1536	significantly increased bladder capacity	1497:1536	significantly increased bladder capacity	1497:1536	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	3	68	theme	heparin-immobilized	580:598	arg1	scaffold					600:607	the heparin-immobilized scaffold	576:607	the heparin-immobilized scaffold	576:607	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	1	69	theme	stem	209:212	arg1	USCs					221:224	USCs	221:224	USCs	221:224	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	1	69	theme	stem	209:212	arg1	cells					214:218	human urine-derived stem cells	189:218	human urine-derived stem cells (USCs)	189:225	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	0	70	from	Grafts	74:79	arg1	Model					117:121	a Rat Model	111:121	a Rat Model	111:121	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	mL					1024:1025	1.76 ± 0.22 mL	1012:1025	1.76 ± 0.22 mL	1012:1025	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	H2O					1120:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	mL					883:884	2.60 ± 0.23 mL	871:884	2.60 ± 0.23 mL	871:884	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	H2O					909:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	mL					1094:1095	1.92 ± 0.29 mL	1082:1095	1.92 ± 0.29 mL	1082:1095	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	H2O					974:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O	955:976	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	mL					948:949	1.46 ± 0.18 mL	936:949	1.46 ± 0.18 mL	936:949	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	71	theme	other	857:861	arg1	H2O					1050:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O	1031:1052	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	3	72	theme	simple	614:619	arg1	method					629:634	a simple dipping method	612:634	a simple dipping method	612:634	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	0	73	theme	Bladder	85:91	arg1	Reconstruction					93:106	Bladder Reconstruction	85:106	Bladder Reconstruction	85:106	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	4	74	dep	showed	754:759	arg1	compared					841:848	compared	841:848	showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	754:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	6	75	theme	condensed	1619:1627	arg1	submucosa					1629:1637	condensed submucosa	1619:1637	condensed submucosa	1619:1637	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	6	76	theme	bladder	1521:1527	arg1	capacity					1529:1536	significantly increased bladder capacity	1497:1536	significantly increased bladder capacity	1497:1536	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	6	77	dep	seeded	1458:1463	arg1	exhibits					1488:1495	exhibits	1488:1495	seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study	1458:1665	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	4	78	theme	56.14	890:894	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	78	theme	56.14	890:894	arg1	H2O					909:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O	890:911	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	1	79	link	urine-derived	195:207	arg1	USCs					221:224	USCs	221:224	USCs	221:224	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	1	79	link	urine-derived	195:207	arg1	cells					214:218	human urine-derived stem cells	189:218	human urine-derived stem cells (USCs)	189:225	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	4	80	theme	40.74	1101:1105	arg1	H2O					1120:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O	1101:1122	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	80	theme	40.74	1101:1105	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	0	81	theme	Rat	113:115	arg1	Model					117:121	a Rat Model	111:121	a Rat Model	111:121	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	2	82	theme	covalent	500:507	arg1	conjugation					509:519	covalent conjugation	500:519	covalent conjugation	500:519	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	6	83	theme	multi-layered	1589:1601	arg1	urothelium					1603:1612	multi-layered urothelium	1589:1612	multi-layered urothelium	1589:1612	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	5	84	theme	organized	1308:1316	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	4	85	theme	significant	761:771	arg1	improvement					784:794	significant functional improvement	761:794	significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O)	761:839	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	0	86	theme	Urine-derived	6:18	arg1	Cells					25:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells	0:29	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	4	87	theme	0.18	943:946	arg1	±					941:941	±	941:941	±	941:941	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	88	theme	muscle	1325:1330	arg1	formation					1339:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation	1271:1347	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	4	89	theme	±	1087:1087	arg1	mL					1094:1095	1.92 ± 0.29 mL	1082:1095	1.92 ± 0.29 mL	1082:1095	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	89	theme	±	1087:1087	arg1	groups					863:868	the other groups	853:868	the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively)	853:1174	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	4	90	theme	USCs-scaffold	720:732	arg1	group					748:752	the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	716:752	the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	716:752	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	2	91	theme	bladder	371:377	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	91	theme	bladder	371:377	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	1	92	theme	bladder	271:277	arg1	reconstruction					279:292	bladder reconstruction	271:292	bladder reconstruction	271:292	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	2	93	theme	immersion	421:429	arg1	method					445:450	an immersion precipitation method	418:450	an immersion precipitation method	418:450	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	4	94	theme	heparin-bFGF	734:745	arg1	group					748:752	the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	716:752	the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	716:752	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	0	95	theme	Surface	38:44	arg1	Grafts					74:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts	38:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model	38:121	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	0	96	theme	Composite	55:63	arg1	Grafts					74:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts	38:79	Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model	38:121	Human Urine-derived Stem Cells Seeded Surface Modified Composite Scaffold Grafts for Bladder Reconstruction in a Rat Model.
26713050	1	97	theme	rat	299:301	arg1	model					303:307	a rat model	297:307	a rat model	297:307	We conducted this study to investigate the synergistic effect of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) and surface modified composite scaffold for bladder reconstruction in a rat model.
26713050	6	98	dep	in	1653:1654	arg1	vivo					1656:1659	vivo	1656:1659	vivo	1656:1659	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	4	99	theme	1.46	936:939	arg1	±					941:941	±	941:941	±	941:941	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	100	theme	USC-scaffold	1231:1242	arg1	group					1258:1262	the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1227:1262	the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group	1227:1262	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	6	101	theme	smooth	1567:1572	arg1	tissue					1581:1586	smooth muscle tissue	1567:1586	smooth muscle tissue	1567:1586	The USCs seeded scaffold(heparin-bFGF) exhibits significantly increased bladder capacity, compliance, regeneration of smooth muscle tissue, multi-layered urothelium, and condensed submucosa layers at the in vivo study.
26713050	5	102	theme	histological	1180:1191	arg1	analysis					1217:1224	histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1180:1224	histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1180:1224	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	2	103	theme	wt	367:368	arg1	matrix					389:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix	334:394	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	2	103	theme	wt	367:368	arg1	scaffold					324:331	The composite scaffold	310:331	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix)	310:395	The composite scaffold (Polycaprolactone/Pluronic F127/3 wt% bladder submucosa matrix) was fabricated using an immersion precipitation method, and heparin was immobilized on the surface via covalent conjugation.
26713050	4	104	theme	partial	986:992	arg1	group					1005:1009	the partial cystectomy group	982:1009	the partial cystectomy group	982:1009	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26713050	5	105	theme	immunohistochemical	1197:1215	arg1	analysis					1217:1224	histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1180:1224	histological and immunohistochemical analysis	1180:1224	In histological and immunohistochemical analysis, the USC-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed pronounced, well-differentiated, and organized smooth muscle bundle formation, a multi-layered and pan-cytokeratin-positive urothelium, and high condensation of submucosal area.
26713050	3	106	theme	Basic	522:526	arg1	factor					546:551	Basic fibroblast growth factor	522:551	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)	522:558	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	3	106	theme	Basic	522:526	arg1	bFGF					554:557	bFGF	554:557	bFGF	554:557	Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was loaded onto the heparin-immobilized scaffold by a simple dipping method.
26713050	4	107	from	weeks	694:698	arg1	analysis					680:687	maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis	640:687	maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation	640:713	In maximal bladder capacity and compliance analysis at 8 weeks post operation, the USCs-scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group showed significant functional improvement (2.34 ± 0.25 mL and 55.09 ± 11.81 µL/cm H2O) compared to the other groups (2.60 ± 0.23 mL and 56.14 ± 9.00 µL/cm H2O for the control group, 1.46 ± 0.18 mL and 34.27 ± 4.42 µL/cm H2O for the partial cystectomy group, 1.76 ± 0.22 mL and 35.62 ± 6.69 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold group, and 1.92 ± 0.29 mL and 40.74 ± 7.88 µL/cm H2O for the scaffold(heparin-bFGF) group, respectively).
26040364	0	0	theme	sucrose	71:77	arg1	diet					79:82	a high sucrose diet	64:82	a high sucrose diet	64:82	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	9	1	contain	had	1263:1265	arg2	tendency					1269:1276	a tendency	1267:1276	a tendency of being higher in HSD	1267:1299	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	9	1	contain	had	1263:1265	arg1	pressure					1254:1261	systolic blood pressure	1239:1261	systolic blood pressure	1239:1261	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	9	1	contain	had	1263:1265	arg1	insulin					1215:1221	insulin	1215:1221	insulin	1215:1221	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	9	1	contain	had	1263:1265	arg1	index					1229:1233	HOMA index	1224:1233	HOMA index	1224:1233	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	1	2	theme	major	126:130	arg1	worldwide					154:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	1	2	theme	major	126:130	arg1	Obesity					113:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	5	3	theme	impedance	654:662	arg1	procedure					664:672	A bioelectrical impedance procedure	638:672	A bioelectrical impedance procedure	638:672	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
26040364	0	4	theme	high	66:69	arg1	diet					79:82	a high sucrose diet	64:82	a high sucrose diet	64:82	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	4	5	theme	high	448:451	arg1	METHODS					403:409	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	4	5	theme	high	448:451	arg1	diet					461:464	high sucrose diet	448:464	high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water)	448:507	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	12	6	theme	high	1679:1682	arg1	consumption					1692:1702	chronic high sucrose consumption	1671:1702	chronic high sucrose consumption	1671:1702	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	1	7	theme	public	132:137	arg1	worldwide					154:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	1	7	theme	public	132:137	arg1	Obesity					113:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	6	8	theme	retroperitoneal	815:829	arg1	tissue					839:844	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	815:844	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	815:844	Serum was obtained and retroperitoneal adipose tissue was collected and weighed.
26040364	11	9	theme	body	1448:1451	arg1	compartments					1453:1464	body compartments	1448:1464	body compartments	1448:1464	Even though there was no difference in body compartments between groups, retroperitoneal adipose tissue was significantly increased in HSD.
26040364	4	10	dep	METHODS	403:409	arg1	rats					423:426	Male Wistar rats	411:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	0	11	theme	diet	79:82	arg1	consumption					49:59	an early consumption	40:59	an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model	40:97	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	0	12	from	consumption	49:59	arg1	model					93:97	a rat model	87:97	a rat model	87:97	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	12	13	theme	consumption	1692:1702	arg1	result					1661:1666	a result	1659:1666	a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1659:1800	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	12	13	theme	consumption	1692:1702	arg1	place					1650:1654	place	1650:1654	place	1650:1654	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	4	14	dep	diet	461:464	arg1	HSD					467:469	HSD	467:469	HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water	467:506	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	4	15	theme	drinking	493:500	arg1	water					502:506	their drinking water	487:506	their drinking water	487:506	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	0	16	theme	rat	89:91	arg1	model					93:97	a rat model	87:97	a rat model	87:97	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	7	17	dep	consuming	921:929	arg1	less					931:934	less	931:934	less	931:934	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	10	18	theme	insulin	1372:1378	arg1	resistance					1380:1389	insulin resistance	1372:1389	insulin resistance	1372:1389	DISCUSSION This model presents dyslipidemia and a strong tendency for insulin resistance and hypertension.
26040364	12	19	theme	tissue	1595:1600	arg1	distribution					1602:1613	adipose tissue distribution	1587:1613	adipose tissue distribution	1587:1613	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	12	20	theme	chronic	1772:1778	arg1	diseases					1793:1800	metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1758:1800	metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1758:1800	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	1	21	theme	health	139:144	arg1	worldwide					154:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	1	21	theme	health	139:144	arg1	Obesity					113:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	3	22	theme	study	312:316	arg1	aim					300:302	The aim	296:302	The aim of this study	296:316	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	3	23	from	effect	336:341	arg1	distribution					389:400	adipose tissue distribution	374:400	adipose tissue distribution	374:400	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	8	24	from	abundant	1045:1052	arg1	HSD					1057:1059	HSD	1057:1059	HSD	1057:1059	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue was more abundant in HSD.
26040364	12	25	theme	adipose	1587:1593	arg1	distribution					1602:1613	adipose tissue distribution	1587:1613	adipose tissue distribution	1587:1613	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	1	26	theme	problem	146:152	arg1	worldwide					154:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	1	26	theme	problem	146:152	arg1	Obesity					113:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	0	27	theme	tissue	8:13	arg1	redistribution					15:28	Adipose tissue redistribution	0:28	Adipose tissue redistribution	0:28	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	9	28	theme	leptin	1125:1130	arg1	levels					1132:1137	leptin levels	1125:1137	leptin levels	1125:1137	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	3	29	theme	high	348:351	arg1	diet					366:369	a high carbohydrate diet	346:369	a high carbohydrate diet	346:369	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	8	30	theme	adipose	1021:1027	arg1	tissue					1029:1034	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1005:1034	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1005:1034	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue was more abundant in HSD.
26040364	4	31	theme	macronutrient	562:574	arg1	intake					576:581	total energy and macronutrient intake	545:581	intake	576:581	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	0	32	theme	Adipose	0:6	arg1	redistribution					15:28	Adipose tissue redistribution	0:28	Adipose tissue redistribution	0:28	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	4	33	theme	30	472:473	arg1	%					474:474	%	474:474	%	474:474	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	7	34	theme	carbohydrates	990:1002	arg1	beverage					911:918	beverage	911:918	beverage	911:918	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	7	34	theme	carbohydrates	990:1002	arg1	proteins					947:954	proteins	947:954	proteins	947:954	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	7	34	theme	carbohydrates	990:1002	arg1	carbohydrates					990:1002	carbohydrates	990:1002	carbohydrates	990:1002	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	7	34	theme	carbohydrates	990:1002	arg1	lipids					936:941	consuming less lipids	921:941	consuming less lipids	921:941	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	7	34	theme	carbohydrates	990:1002	arg1	pellets					899:905	pellets	899:905	pellets	899:905	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	7	34	theme	carbohydrates	990:1002	arg1	amount					980:985	the same amount	971:985	the same amount of carbohydrates	971:1002	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	2	35	theme	disease	276:282	arg1	physiopathology					252:266	the physiopathology	248:266	the physiopathology of this disease	248:282	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	3	36	theme	adipose	374:380	arg1	distribution					389:400	adipose tissue distribution	374:400	adipose tissue distribution	374:400	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	5	37	theme	body	723:726	arg1	compartments					728:739	body compartments	723:739	body compartments	723:739	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
26040364	9	38	theme	systolic	1239:1246	arg1	pressure					1254:1261	systolic blood pressure	1239:1261	systolic blood pressure	1239:1261	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	3	39	dep	OBJECTIVES	285:294	arg1	was					318:320	was	318:320	was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution	318:400	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	12	40	theme	sucrose	1684:1690	arg1	consumption					1692:1702	chronic high sucrose consumption	1671:1702	chronic high sucrose consumption	1671:1702	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	10	41	theme	strong	1352:1357	arg1	tendency					1359:1366	a strong tendency	1350:1366	a strong tendency for insulin resistance and hypertension	1350:1406	DISCUSSION This model presents dyslipidemia and a strong tendency for insulin resistance and hypertension.
26040364	9	42	theme	blood	1248:1252	arg1	pressure					1254:1261	systolic blood pressure	1239:1261	systolic blood pressure	1239:1261	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	11	43	theme	retroperitoneal	1482:1496	arg1	tissue					1506:1511	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1482:1511	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1482:1511	Even though there was no difference in body compartments between groups, retroperitoneal adipose tissue was significantly increased in HSD.
26040364	5	44	theme	systolic	745:752	arg1	pressure					769:776	systolic arterial blood pressure	745:776	systolic arterial blood pressure	745:776	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
26040364	3	45	theme	carbohydrate	353:364	arg1	diet					366:369	a high carbohydrate diet	346:369	a high carbohydrate diet	346:369	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	4	46	theme	%	474:474	arg1	sucrose					476:482	30% sucrose	472:482	HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water	467:506	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	8	47	theme	Retroperitoneal	1005:1019	arg1	tissue					1029:1034	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1005:1034	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1005:1034	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue was more abundant in HSD.
26040364	8	48	from	HSD	1057:1059	arg1	abundant					1045:1052	abundant	1045:1052	abundant	1045:1052	Retroperitoneal adipose tissue was more abundant in HSD.
26040364	2	49	theme	adipose	206:212	arg1	tissue					214:219	adipose tissue	206:219	adipose tissue	206:219	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	5	50	theme	arterial	754:761	arg1	pressure					769:776	systolic arterial blood pressure	745:776	systolic arterial blood pressure	745:776	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
26040364	3	51	theme	tissue	382:387	arg1	distribution					389:400	adipose tissue distribution	374:400	adipose tissue distribution	374:400	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	3	52	theme	diet	366:369	arg1	effect					336:341	the effect	332:341	the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution	332:400	OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a high carbohydrate diet on adipose tissue distribution.
26040364	4	53	theme	Wistar	416:421	arg1	rats					423:426	Male Wistar rats	411:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	12	54	theme	higher	1728:1733	arg1	risk					1735:1738	a higher risk	1726:1738	a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1726:1800	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	5	55	theme	blood	763:767	arg1	pressure					769:776	systolic arterial blood pressure	745:776	systolic arterial blood pressure	745:776	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
26040364	4	56	theme	sucrose	453:459	arg1	METHODS					403:409	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	4	56	theme	sucrose	453:459	arg1	diet					461:464	high sucrose diet	448:464	high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water)	448:507	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	5	57	theme	treatment	703:711	arg1	weeks					694:698	22 weeks	691:698	22 weeks of treatment	691:711	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
26040364	4	58	theme	Male	411:414	arg1	rats					423:426	Male Wistar rats	411:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats	403:426	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	2	59	theme	accumulation	190:201	arg1	quantity					169:176	quantity	169:176	quantity	169:176	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	2	59	theme	accumulation	190:201	arg1	accumulation					190:201	accumulation	190:201	accumulation of adipose tissue	190:219	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	2	59	theme	accumulation	190:201	arg1	site					182:185	site	182:185	site	182:185	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	9	60	theme	HOMA	1224:1227	arg1	index					1229:1233	HOMA index	1224:1233	HOMA index	1224:1233	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	4	61	theme	daily	611:615	arg1	consumption					625:635	daily average consumption	611:635	daily average consumption	611:635	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	0	62	theme	early	43:47	arg1	consumption					49:59	an early consumption	40:59	an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model	40:97	Adipose tissue redistribution caused by an early consumption of a high sucrose diet in a rat model.
26040364	7	63	theme	same	975:978	arg1	carbohydrates					990:1002	carbohydrates	990:1002	carbohydrates	990:1002	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	7	63	theme	same	975:978	arg1	amount					980:985	the same amount	971:985	the same amount of carbohydrates	971:1002	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	6	64	theme	adipose	831:837	arg1	tissue					839:844	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	815:844	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	815:844	Serum was obtained and retroperitoneal adipose tissue was collected and weighed.
26040364	7	65	theme	consuming	921:929	arg1	lipids					936:941	consuming less lipids	921:941	consuming less lipids	921:941	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	10	66	dep	DISCUSSION	1302:1311	arg1	presents					1324:1331	presents	1324:1331	presents dyslipidemia and a strong tendency for insulin resistance and hypertension	1324:1406	DISCUSSION This model presents dyslipidemia and a strong tendency for insulin resistance and hypertension.
26040364	7	67	dep	RESULTS	873:879	arg1	HSD					881:883	HSD	881:883	RESULTS HSD	873:883	RESULTS HSD ingested less pellets and beverage, consuming less lipids and proteins than CONT, but the same amount of carbohydrates.
26040364	12	68	theme	degenerative	1780:1791	arg1	diseases					1793:1800	metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1758:1800	metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1758:1800	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	11	69	from	difference	1434:1443	arg1	compartments					1453:1464	body compartments	1448:1464	body compartments	1448:1464	Even though there was no difference in body compartments between groups, retroperitoneal adipose tissue was significantly increased in HSD.
26040364	2	70	theme	great	227:231	arg1	importance					233:242	great importance	227:242	great importance	227:242	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	11	71	theme	adipose	1498:1504	arg1	tissue					1506:1511	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1482:1511	retroperitoneal adipose tissue	1482:1511	Even though there was no difference in body compartments between groups, retroperitoneal adipose tissue was significantly increased in HSD.
26040364	1	72	theme	INTRODUCTION	100:111	arg1	worldwide					154:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	a major public health problem worldwide	124:162	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	1	72	theme	INTRODUCTION	100:111	arg1	Obesity					113:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity	100:119	INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide.
26040364	12	73	theme	abdominal	1627:1635	arg1	cavity					1637:1642	the abdominal cavity	1623:1642	the abdominal cavity	1623:1642	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	2	74	dep	quantity	169:176	arg1	The					165:167	The	165:167	The	165:167	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	12	75	theme	metabolic	1758:1766	arg1	diseases					1793:1800	metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1758:1800	metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases	1758:1800	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	4	76	theme	average	617:623	arg1	consumption					625:635	daily average consumption	611:635	daily average consumption	611:635	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	9	77	dep	total	1158:1162	arg1	cholesterol					1164:1174	cholesterol	1164:1174	cholesterol	1164:1174	Both groups were normoglycemic; triglycerides, adiponectin and leptin levels were higher, while total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were lower in HSD; insulin, HOMA index and systolic blood pressure had a tendency of being higher in HSD.
26040364	12	78	theme	chronic	1671:1677	arg1	consumption					1692:1702	chronic high sucrose consumption	1671:1702	chronic high sucrose consumption	1671:1702	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	4	79	theme	total	545:549	arg1	energy					551:556	total energy and macronutrient intake	545:581	energy	551:556	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	4	80	dep	HSD	467:469	arg1	sucrose					476:482	30% sucrose	472:482	HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water	467:506	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	2	81	theme	tissue	214:219	arg1	accumulation					190:201	accumulation	190:201	accumulation of adipose tissue	190:219	The quantity and site of accumulation of adipose tissue is of great importance for the physiopathology of this disease.
26040364	4	82	from	sucrose	476:482	arg1	water					502:506	their drinking water	487:506	their drinking water	487:506	METHODS Male Wistar rats, control (CONT) and high sucrose diet (HSD; 30% sucrose in their drinking water), were monitored during 24 weeks and total energy and macronutrient intake were estimated by measuring daily average consumption.
26040364	12	83	theme	distribution	1602:1613	arg1	rearrangement					1570:1582	a rearrangement	1568:1582	a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity	1568:1642	This suggests that a rearrangement of adipose tissue distribution towards the abdominal cavity takes place as a result of chronic high sucrose consumption, which contributes to a higher risk of suffering from metabolic and chronic degenerative diseases.
26040364	5	84	theme	bioelectrical	640:652	arg1	procedure					664:672	A bioelectrical impedance procedure	638:672	A bioelectrical impedance procedure	638:672	A bioelectrical impedance procedure was performed at 22 weeks of treatment to assess body compartments and systolic arterial blood pressure was measured.
27031373	4	0	theme	Intestinal	750:759	arg1	histomorphology					761:775	Intestinal histomorphology	750:775	Intestinal histomorphology	750:775	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	1	1	theme	microbiota	308:317	arg1	composition					319:329	microbiota composition	308:329	microbiota composition	308:329	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	1	2	from	composition	319:329	arg1	piglets					380:386	neonatal piglets	371:386	neonatal piglets	371:386	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	9	3	theme	TH	1438:1439	arg1	expression					1441:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	6	4	theme	Body	1046:1049	arg1	weight					1051:1056	RESULTS Body weight	1038:1056	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST	1038:1075	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	13	5	theme	ingredients	1915:1925	arg1	mixture					1894:1900	A mixture	1892:1900	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients	1880:1925	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	12	6	theme	lower	1770:1774	arg1	proportions					1787:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions	1770:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets	1770:1877	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	11	7	theme	Escherichia/Shigella	1655:1674	arg1	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	2	8	theme	g	578:578	arg1	diet					580:583	0.3 g/100 g diet	568:583	0.3 g/100 g diet	568:583	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	8	theme	g	578:578	arg1	lactoferrin					555:565	bovine lactoferrin	548:565	bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet)	548:584	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	10	9	from	CONT	1505:1508	arg1	P ≤ 0.05					1556:1563	P ≤ 0.05	1556:1563	P ≤ 0.05	1556:1563	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	10	9	from	CONT	1505:1508	arg1	feces					1549:1553	feces	1549:1553	feces (P ≤ 0.05)	1549:1564	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	10	9	from	CONT	1505:1508	arg1	colon					1523:1527	ascending colon	1513:1527	ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001)	1513:1543	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	1	10	theme	prebiotics	184:193	arg1	addition					172:179	the addition	168:179	the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula	168:245	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	11	11	from	piglets	1723:1729	arg1	AC					1734:1735	AC	1734:1735	AC	1734:1735	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	12	12	theme	Sutterella	1850:1859	arg1	proportions					1787:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions	1770:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets	1770:1877	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	12	13	theme	TEST	1866:1869	arg1	piglets					1871:1877	TEST piglets	1866:1877	TEST piglets	1866:1877	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	11	14	theme	greater	1584:1590	arg1	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	1	15	theme	milk	212:215	arg1	ingredients					217:227	2 functional milk ingredients	199:227	2 functional milk ingredients	199:227	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	7	16	theme	sow-reared	1196:1205	arg1	pigs					1207:1210	sow-reared pigs	1196:1210	sow-reared pigs	1196:1210	Both groups displayed growth patterns within the range observed for sow-reared pigs.
27031373	5	17	theme	16S	985:987	arg1	rRNA					989:992	16S rRNA	985:992	16S rRNA	985:992	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	3	18	theme	study	662:666	arg1	day					668:670	study day 31	662:673	study day 31	662:673	On study day 31, intestinal samples, ileal and colonic contents, and feces were collected.
27031373	9	19	theme	TEST	1310:1313	arg1	piglets					1315:1321	TEST piglets	1310:1321	TEST piglets	1310:1321	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	5	20	theme	Gut	903:905	arg1	composition					918:928	Gut microbiota composition	903:928	Gut microbiota composition	903:928	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	13	21	theme	opportunistic	2050:2062	arg1	pathogens					2064:2072	opportunistic pathogens	2050:2072	opportunistic pathogens	2050:2072	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	8	22	theme	VIP	1294:1296	arg1	expression					1298:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	12	23	theme	Parabacteroides	1802:1816	arg1	proportions					1787:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions	1770:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets	1770:1877	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	3	24	theme	intestinal	676:685	arg1	samples					687:693	intestinal samples	676:693	intestinal samples	676:693	On study day 31, intestinal samples, ileal and colonic contents, and feces were collected.
27031373	6	25	from	CONT	1105:1108	arg1	days					1113:1116	days 17 to 30	1113:1125	days 17 to 30	1113:1125	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	5	26	theme	regions	974:980	arg1	pyrosequencing					946:959	pyrosequencing	946:959	pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction	946:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	12	27	theme	Clostridium	1819:1829	arg1	proportions					1787:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions	1770:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets	1770:1877	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	6	28	from	weight	1051:1056	arg1	TEST					1072:1075	TEST	1072:1075	TEST	1072:1075	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	1	29	theme	gene	352:355	arg1	expression					357:366	neurotransmitter gene expression	335:366	neurotransmitter gene expression	335:366	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	2	30	theme	milk	591:594	arg1	diet					633:636	2.5 g/100 g diet	621:636	2.5 g/100 g diet	621:636	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	30	theme	milk	591:594	arg1	TEST					640:643	TEST	640:643	TEST	640:643	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	30	theme	milk	591:594	arg1	fat					596:598	milk fat globule membrane-10	591:618	milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST)	591:644	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	0	31	theme	Neurotransmitter	80:95	arg1	Expression					97:106	Neurotransmitter Expression	80:106	Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets	80:117	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	4	32	theme	intestinal	832:841	arg1	VIP					852:854	VIP	852:854	VIP	852:854	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	4	32	theme	intestinal	832:841	arg1	peptide					843:849	vasoactive intestinal peptide	821:849	vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)	821:855	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	10	33	dep	colon	1523:1527	arg1	P = 0.001					1534:1542	P = 0.001	1534:1542	P = 0.001	1534:1542	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	10	33	dep	colon	1523:1527	arg1	AC					1530:1531	AC	1530:1531	AC	1530:1531	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	11	34	theme	Eubacterium	1677:1687	arg1	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	9	35	dep	greater	1338:1344	arg1	P = 0.09					1347:1354	P = 0.09	1347:1354	P = 0.09	1347:1354	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	2	36	theme	Two-day-old	397:407	arg1	n = 24					423:428	n = 24	423:428	n = 24	423:428	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	36	theme	Two-day-old	397:407	arg1	piglets					414:420	Two-day-old male piglets	397:420	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24)	389:429	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	5	37	theme	reaction	1028:1035	arg1	regions					974:980	the V3-V5 regions	964:980	the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction	964:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	9	38	theme	longer	1375:1380	arg1	villi					1399:1403	longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi	1375:1403	longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi	1375:1403	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	7	39	theme	growth	1150:1155	arg1	patterns					1157:1164	growth patterns	1150:1164	growth patterns	1150:1164	Both groups displayed growth patterns within the range observed for sow-reared pigs.
27031373	12	40	dep	lower	1770:1774	arg1	P ≤ 0.05					1777:1784	P ≤ 0.05	1777:1784	P ≤ 0.05	1777:1784	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	2	41	theme	globule	600:606	arg1	diet					633:636	2.5 g/100 g diet	621:636	2.5 g/100 g diet	621:636	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	41	theme	globule	600:606	arg1	TEST					640:643	TEST	640:643	TEST	640:643	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	41	theme	globule	600:606	arg1	fat					596:598	milk fat globule membrane-10	591:618	milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST)	591:644	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	8	42	theme	TEST	1213:1216	arg1	piglets					1218:1224	TEST piglets	1213:1224	TEST piglets	1213:1224	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	0	43	theme	Bioactive	15:23	arg1	Fractions					30:38	Bioactive Milk Fractions	15:38	Bioactive Milk Fractions	15:38	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	13	44	theme	fecal	1990:1994	arg1	composition					2006:2016	colonic and fecal microbial composition	1978:2016	colonic and fecal microbial composition	1978:2016	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	10	45	theme	Microbial	1453:1461	arg1	communities					1463:1473	Microbial communities	1453:1473	Microbial communities of TEST piglets	1453:1489	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	1	46	from	expression	357:366	arg1	piglets					380:386	neonatal piglets	371:386	neonatal piglets	371:386	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	13	47	theme	gut	1952:1954	arg1	maturation					1956:1965	gut maturation	1952:1965	gut maturation	1952:1965	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	9	48	theme	ileal	1393:1397	arg1	villi					1399:1403	longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi	1375:1403	longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi	1375:1403	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	11	49	contain	had	1580:1582	arg2	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	11	49	contain	had	1580:1582	arg1	piglets					1572:1578	CONT piglets	1567:1578	CONT piglets	1567:1578	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	8	50	theme	jejunal	1238:1244	arg1	P = 0.03					1255:1262	P = 0.03	1255:1262	P = 0.03	1255:1262	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	8	50	theme	jejunal	1238:1244	arg1	lactase					1246:1252	greater jejunal lactase	1230:1252	greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03)	1230:1263	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	0	51	theme	Gut	47:49	arg1	Development					51:61	Gut Development	47:61	Gut Development	47:61	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	5	52	theme	polymerase	1011:1020	arg1	reaction					1028:1035	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	998:1035	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	998:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	9	53	contain	have	1333:1336	arg1	piglets					1315:1321	TEST piglets	1310:1321	TEST piglets	1310:1321	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	9	53	contain	have	1333:1336	arg2	expression					1441:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	9	53	contain	have	1333:1336	arg2	activity					1365:1372	greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity	1338:1372	greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity	1338:1372	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	9	53	contain	have	1333:1336	arg2	villi					1399:1403	longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi	1375:1403	longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi	1375:1403	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	10	54	theme	piglets	1483:1489	arg1	communities					1463:1473	Microbial communities	1453:1473	Microbial communities of TEST piglets	1453:1489	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	1	55	theme	ingredients	217:227	arg1	addition					172:179	the addition	168:179	the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula	168:245	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	9	56	theme	greater	1410:1416	arg1	expression					1441:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	11	57	theme	Roseburia	1694:1702	arg1	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	1	58	theme	infant	232:237	arg1	formula					239:245	infant formula	232:245	infant formula	232:245	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	11	59	theme	Collinsella	1630:1640	arg1	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	9	60	theme	duodenal	1429:1436	arg1	expression					1441:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression	1410:1450	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	1	61	theme	normal	262:267	arg1	growth					269:274	normal growth	262:274	normal growth	262:274	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	12	62	theme	CONT	1748:1751	arg1	piglets					1753:1759	CONT piglets	1748:1759	CONT piglets	1748:1759	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	2	63	theme	bovine	548:553	arg1	diet					580:583	0.3 g/100 g diet	568:583	0.3 g/100 g diet	568:583	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	63	theme	bovine	548:553	arg1	lactoferrin					555:565	bovine lactoferrin	548:565	bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet)	548:584	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	6	64	theme	RESULTS	1038:1044	arg1	weight					1051:1056	RESULTS Body weight	1038:1056	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST	1038:1075	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	4	65	theme	tyrosine	862:869	arg1	TH					884:885	TH	884:885	TH	884:885	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	4	65	theme	tyrosine	862:869	arg1	hydroxylase					871:881	tyrosine hydroxylase	862:881	tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)	862:886	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	8	66	dep	higher	1269:1274	arg1	P = 0.003					1277:1285	P = 0.003	1277:1285	P = 0.003	1277:1285	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	6	67	dep	30	1124:1125	arg1	to					1121:1122	to	1121:1122	to	1121:1122	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	11	68	theme	CONT	1567:1570	arg1	piglets					1572:1578	CONT piglets	1567:1578	CONT piglets	1567:1578	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	13	69	theme	pathogens	2064:2072	arg1	proportions					2035:2045	the proportions	2031:2045	the proportions of opportunistic pathogens	2031:2072	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	8	70	theme	higher	1269:1274	arg1	expression					1298:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	9	71	dep	longer	1375:1380	arg1	P = 0.08					1383:1390	P = 0.08	1383:1390	P = 0.08	1383:1390	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	1	72	theme	functional	201:210	arg1	ingredients					217:227	2 functional milk ingredients	199:227	2 functional milk ingredients	199:227	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	0	73	from	Microbiota	64:73	arg1	Piglets					111:117	Piglets	111:117	Piglets	111:117	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	9	74	dep	greater	1410:1416	arg1	P = 0.06					1419:1426	P = 0.06	1419:1426	P = 0.06	1419:1426	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	11	75	theme	relative	1592:1599	arg1	abundances					1601:1610	greater relative abundances	1584:1610	greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia	1584:1702	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	11	76	theme	TEST	1718:1721	arg1	piglets					1723:1729	TEST piglets	1718:1729	TEST piglets in AC	1718:1735	CONT piglets had greater relative abundances of Mogibacterium, Collinsella, Klebsiella, Escherichia/Shigella, Eubacterium, and Roseburia compared with TEST piglets in AC.
27031373	4	77	theme	disaccharidase	778:791	arg1	activity					793:800	disaccharidase activity	778:800	disaccharidase activity	778:800	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	8	78	theme	ileal	1288:1292	arg1	expression					1298:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	2	79	theme	g	631:631	arg1	diet					633:636	2.5 g/100 g diet	621:636	2.5 g/100 g diet	621:636	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	79	theme	g	631:631	arg1	fat					596:598	milk fat globule membrane-10	591:618	milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST)	591:644	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	80	theme	g	539:539	arg1	diet					541:544	3.5 g/100 g diet	529:544	3.5 g/100 g diet	529:544	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	80	theme	g	539:539	arg1	galactooligosaccharides					504:526	galactooligosaccharides	504:526	galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet)	504:545	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	0	81	from	Expression	97:106	arg1	Piglets					111:117	Piglets	111:117	Piglets	111:117	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	6	82	theme	piglets	1061:1067	arg1	weight					1051:1056	RESULTS Body weight	1038:1056	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST	1038:1075	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	12	83	theme	Lutispora	1835:1843	arg1	proportions					1787:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions	1770:1797	lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets	1770:1877	In feces, CONT piglets harbored lower (P ≤ 0.05) proportions of Parabacteroides, Clostridium IV, Lutispora, and Sutterella than TEST piglets.
27031373	3	84	theme	ileal	696:700	arg1	contents					714:721	ileal and colonic contents	696:721	ileal and colonic contents	696:721	On study day 31, intestinal samples, ileal and colonic contents, and feces were collected.
27031373	5	85	theme	microbiota	907:916	arg1	composition					918:928	Gut microbiota composition	903:928	Gut microbiota composition	903:928	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	1	86	theme	neurotransmitter	335:350	arg1	expression					357:366	neurotransmitter gene expression	335:366	neurotransmitter gene expression	335:366	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	9	87	theme	greater	1338:1344	arg1	activity					1365:1372	greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity	1338:1372	greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity	1338:1372	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	13	88	theme	colonic	1978:1984	arg1	composition					2006:2016	colonic and fecal microbial composition	1978:2016	colonic and fecal microbial composition	1978:2016	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	6	89	dep	greater	1081:1087	arg1	P ≤ 0.05					1090:1097	P ≤ 0.05	1090:1097	P ≤ 0.05	1090:1097	RESULTS Body weight of piglets on TEST was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than CONT on days 17 to 30.
27031373	5	90	theme	rRNA	989:992	arg1	regions					974:980	the V3-V5 regions	964:980	the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction	964:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	0	91	from	Development	51:61	arg1	Piglets					111:117	Piglets	111:117	Piglets	111:117	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	3	92	theme	colonic	706:712	arg1	contents					714:721	ileal and colonic contents	696:721	ileal and colonic contents	696:721	On study day 31, intestinal samples, ileal and colonic contents, and feces were collected.
27031373	1	93	theme	neonatal	371:378	arg1	piglets					380:386	neonatal piglets	371:386	neonatal piglets	371:386	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	9	94	theme	sucrase	1357:1363	arg1	activity					1365:1372	greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity	1338:1372	greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity	1338:1372	TEST piglets tended to have greater (P = 0.09) sucrase activity, longer (P = 0.08) ileal villi, and greater (P = 0.06) duodenal TH expression.
27031373	2	95	theme	g	495:495	arg1	diet					497:500	1.2 g/100 g diet	485:500	1.2 g/100 g diet	485:500	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	95	theme	g	495:495	arg1	polydextrose					471:482	polydextrose	471:482	polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet)	471:501	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	1	96	dep	OBJECTIVE	120:128	arg1	tested					141:146	tested	141:146	tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets	141:386	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	2	97	theme	male	409:412	arg1	n = 24					423:428	n = 24	423:428	n = 24	423:428	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	97	theme	male	409:412	arg1	piglets					414:420	Two-day-old male piglets	397:420	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24)	389:429	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	5	98	theme	V3-V5	968:972	arg1	regions					974:980	the V3-V5 regions	964:980	the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction	964:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	0	99	theme	Milk	25:28	arg1	Fractions					30:38	Bioactive Milk Fractions	15:38	Bioactive Milk Fractions	15:38	Prebiotics and Bioactive Milk Fractions Affect Gut Development, Microbiota, and Neurotransmitter Expression in Piglets.
27031373	1	100	theme	gut	280:282	arg1	development					284:294	gut development	280:294	gut development	280:294	OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that the addition of prebiotics and 2 functional milk ingredients to infant formula would maintain normal growth and gut development, and modify microbiota composition and neurotransmitter gene expression in neonatal piglets.
27031373	13	101	theme	microbial	1996:2004	arg1	composition					2006:2016	colonic and fecal microbial composition	1978:2016	colonic and fecal microbial composition	1978:2016	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	4	102	theme	vasoactive	821:830	arg1	VIP					852:854	VIP	852:854	VIP	852:854	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	4	102	theme	vasoactive	821:830	arg1	peptide					843:849	vasoactive intestinal peptide	821:849	vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)	821:855	Intestinal histomorphology, disaccharidase activity, serotonin (5'HT), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were measured.
27031373	5	103	theme	quantitative	998:1009	arg1	reaction					1028:1035	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	998:1035	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	998:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	8	104	contain	had	1226:1228	arg2	expression					1298:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression	1269:1307	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	8	104	contain	had	1226:1228	arg1	piglets					1218:1224	TEST piglets	1213:1224	TEST piglets	1213:1224	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	8	104	contain	had	1226:1228	arg2	P = 0.03					1255:1262	P = 0.03	1255:1262	P = 0.03	1255:1262	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	8	104	contain	had	1226:1228	arg2	lactase					1246:1252	greater jejunal lactase	1230:1252	greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03)	1230:1263	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	8	105	theme	greater	1230:1236	arg1	P = 0.03					1255:1262	P = 0.03	1255:1262	P = 0.03	1255:1262	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	8	105	theme	greater	1230:1236	arg1	lactase					1246:1252	greater jejunal lactase	1230:1252	greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03)	1230:1263	TEST piglets had greater jejunal lactase (P = 0.03) and higher (P = 0.003) ileal VIP expression.
27031373	5	106	theme	chain	1022:1026	arg1	reaction					1028:1035	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	998:1035	quantitative polymerase chain reaction	998:1035	Gut microbiota composition was assessed by pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 regions of 16S rRNA and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
27031373	13	107	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1880:1890	arg1	mixture					1894:1900	A mixture	1892:1900	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients	1880:1925	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	2	108	dep	METHODS	389:395	arg1	n = 24					423:428	n = 24	423:428	n = 24	423:428	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	2	108	dep	METHODS	389:395	arg1	piglets					414:420	Two-day-old male piglets	397:420	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24)	389:429	METHODS Two-day-old male piglets (n = 24) were fed formula (CONT) or formula with polydextrose (1.2 g/100 g diet), galactooligosaccharides (3.5 g/100 g diet), bovine lactoferrin (0.3 g/100 g diet), and milk fat globule membrane-10 (2.5 g/100 g diet) (TEST) for 30 days.
27031373	10	109	theme	TEST	1478:1481	arg1	piglets					1483:1489	TEST piglets	1478:1489	TEST piglets	1478:1489	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
27031373	13	110	theme	weight	1936:1941	arg1	gain					1943:1946	weight gain	1936:1946	weight gain	1936:1946	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	13	111	theme	bioactive	1905:1913	arg1	ingredients					1915:1925	bioactive ingredients	1905:1925	bioactive ingredients	1905:1925	CONCLUSIONS A mixture of bioactive ingredients improved weight gain and gut maturation, modulated colonic and fecal microbial composition, and reduced the proportions of opportunistic pathogens.
27031373	10	112	theme	ascending	1513:1521	arg1	colon					1523:1527	ascending colon	1513:1527	ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001)	1513:1543	Microbial communities of TEST piglets differed from CONT in ascending colon (AC, P = 0.001) and feces (P ≤ 0.05).
28094750	6	0	theme	anion-derived	908:920	arg1	radicals					922:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	5	1	theme	appreciable	607:617	arg1	polysaccharides					672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	1	theme	appreciable	607:617	arg1	lycopene					642:649	lycopene	642:649	lycopene	642:649	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	1	theme	appreciable	607:617	arg1	flavonoids					693:702	flavonoids	693:702	flavonoids	693:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	1	theme	appreciable	607:617	arg1	amounts					619:625	appreciable amounts	607:625	appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids	607:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	1	theme	appreciable	607:617	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	1	theme	appreciable	607:617	arg1	P-carotene					630:639	P-carotene	630:639	P-carotene	630:639	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	0	2	from	Establishment	12:24	arg1	India					123:127	India	123:127	India	123:127	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	2	from	Establishment	12:24	arg1	Himalayas					112:120	the Northwest Himalayas	98:120	the Northwest Himalayas (India)	98:128	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	1	3	theme	frequent	140:147	arg1	survey					149:154	a frequent survey	138:154	a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region	138:195	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	6	4	theme	ferrous	839:845	arg1	activity					861:868	ferrous ion-chelating activity	839:868	ferrous ion-chelating activity	839:868	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	4	5	theme	±	555:555	arg1	%					560:560	59.21 ± 3.8%	549:560	59.21 ± 3.8%	549:560	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	4	5	theme	±	555:555	arg1	carbohydrates					534:546	carbohydrates	534:546	carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%)	534:561	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	6	6	theme	power	798:802	arg1	activity					829:836	ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity	770:836	activity	829:836	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	0	7	theme	Species	85:91	arg1	Establishment					12:24	Taxonomical Establishment	0:24	Taxonomical Establishment	0:24	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	7	theme	Species	85:91	arg1	Studies					44:50	Compositional Studies	30:50	Compositional Studies	30:50	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	5	8	theme	P-carotene	630:639	arg1	polysaccharides					672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	8	theme	P-carotene	630:639	arg1	lycopene					642:649	lycopene	642:649	lycopene	642:649	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	8	theme	P-carotene	630:639	arg1	flavonoids					693:702	flavonoids	693:702	flavonoids	693:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	8	theme	P-carotene	630:639	arg1	amounts					619:625	appreciable amounts	607:625	appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids	607:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	8	theme	P-carotene	630:639	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	8	theme	P-carotene	630:639	arg1	P-carotene					630:639	P-carotene	630:639	P-carotene	630:639	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	6	9	theme	antioxidant	786:796	arg1	activity					829:836	ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity	770:836	activity	829:836	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	0	10	theme	Northwest	102:110	arg1	India					123:127	India	123:127	India	123:127	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	10	theme	Northwest	102:110	arg1	Himalayas					112:120	the Northwest Himalayas	98:120	the Northwest Himalayas (India)	98:128	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	6	11	theme	scavenging	875:884	arg1	ability					886:892	scavenging ability	875:892	scavenging ability	875:892	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	6	12	theme	ferric-reducing	770:784	arg1	activity					829:836	ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity	770:836	activity	829:836	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	4	13	theme	mycelium	491:498	arg1	composition					472:482	The chemical composition	459:482	The chemical composition of the mycelium	459:498	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	3	14	theme	Cordyceps	439:447	arg1	gracilis					449:456	Cordyceps gracilis	439:456	Cordyceps gracilis	439:456	This species showed only 90% resemblance to Cordyceps gracilis.
28094750	0	15	from	Studies	44:50	arg1	India					123:127	India	123:127	India	123:127	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	15	from	Studies	44:50	arg1	Himalayas					112:120	the Northwest Himalayas	98:120	the Northwest Himalayas (India)	98:128	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	2	16	theme	macromorphological	301:318	arg1	features					320:327	its macromorphological features	297:327	its macromorphological features	297:327	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	2	17	theme	sequencing	383:392	arg1	basis					288:292	the basis	284:292	the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing	284:392	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	0	18	theme	Taxonomical	0:10	arg1	Establishment					12:24	Taxonomical Establishment	0:24	Taxonomical Establishment	0:24	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	6	19	theme	higher	745:750	arg1	effectiveness					752:764	higher effectiveness	745:764	higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations	745:982	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	2	20	theme	spacer	376:381	arg1	sequencing					383:392	internal transcribed spacer sequencing	355:392	internal transcribed spacer sequencing	355:392	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	0	21	theme	Compositional	30:42	arg1	Studies					44:50	Compositional Studies	30:50	Compositional Studies	30:50	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	5	22	theme	compounds	661:669	arg1	polysaccharides					672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	22	theme	compounds	661:669	arg1	lycopene					642:649	lycopene	642:649	lycopene	642:649	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	22	theme	compounds	661:669	arg1	flavonoids					693:702	flavonoids	693:702	flavonoids	693:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	22	theme	compounds	661:669	arg1	amounts					619:625	appreciable amounts	607:625	appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids	607:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	22	theme	compounds	661:669	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	22	theme	compounds	661:669	arg1	P-carotene					630:639	P-carotene	630:639	P-carotene	630:639	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	1	23	theme	Indian	173:178	arg1	region					190:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	6	24	dep	activity	829:836	arg1	DPPH					805:808	ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity	770:836	DPPH	805:808	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	1	25	theme	Himalayan	180:188	arg1	region					190:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	5	26	theme	flavonoids	693:702	arg1	polysaccharides					672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	26	theme	flavonoids	693:702	arg1	lycopene					642:649	lycopene	642:649	lycopene	642:649	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	26	theme	flavonoids	693:702	arg1	flavonoids					693:702	flavonoids	693:702	flavonoids	693:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	26	theme	flavonoids	693:702	arg1	amounts					619:625	appreciable amounts	607:625	appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids	607:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	26	theme	flavonoids	693:702	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	26	theme	flavonoids	693:702	arg1	P-carotene					630:639	P-carotene	630:639	P-carotene	630:639	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	6	27	theme	effective	959:967	arg1	concentrations					969:982	half-maximal effective concentrations	946:982	half-maximal effective concentrations	946:982	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	5	28	theme	polysaccharides	672:686	arg1	polysaccharides					672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	28	theme	polysaccharides	672:686	arg1	lycopene					642:649	lycopene	642:649	lycopene	642:649	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	28	theme	polysaccharides	672:686	arg1	flavonoids					693:702	flavonoids	693:702	flavonoids	693:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	28	theme	polysaccharides	672:686	arg1	amounts					619:625	appreciable amounts	607:625	appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids	607:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	28	theme	polysaccharides	672:686	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	28	theme	polysaccharides	672:686	arg1	P-carotene					630:639	P-carotene	630:639	P-carotene	630:639	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	6	29	theme	ion-chelating	847:859	arg1	activity					861:868	ferrous ion-chelating activity	839:868	ferrous ion-chelating activity	839:868	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	3	30	dep	%	422:422	arg1	90					420:421	90	420:421	90	420:421	This species showed only 90% resemblance to Cordyceps gracilis.
28094750	1	31	theme	northwest	163:171	arg1	region					190:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	4	32	theme	0.2	524:526	arg1	%					527:527	%	527:527	%	527:527	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	4	33	theme	chemical	463:470	arg1	composition					472:482	The chemical composition	459:482	The chemical composition of the mycelium	459:498	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	3	34	dep	resemblance	424:434	arg1	%					422:422	%	422:422	%	422:422	This species showed only 90% resemblance to Cordyceps gracilis.
28094750	6	35	theme	species	730:736	arg1	culture					714:720	Mycelial culture	705:720	Mycelial culture of this species	705:736	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	6	36	from	effectiveness	752:764	arg1	radicals					922:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	0	37	theme	New	57:59	arg1	Ascomycetes					72:82	Ascomycetes	72:82	Ascomycetes	72:82	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	37	theme	New	57:59	arg1	Cordyceps					61:69	a New Cordyceps	55:69	a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India)	55:128	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	6	38	theme	half-maximal	946:957	arg1	concentrations					969:982	half-maximal effective concentrations	946:982	half-maximal effective concentrations	946:982	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	2	39	theme	details	342:348	arg1	basis					288:292	the basis	284:292	the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing	284:392	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	4	40	dep	protein	507:513	arg1	±					522:522	14.95 ±	516:522	14.95 ± 0.2%	516:527	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	5	41	theme	lycopene	642:649	arg1	polysaccharides					672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	polysaccharides	672:686	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	41	theme	lycopene	642:649	arg1	lycopene					642:649	lycopene	642:649	lycopene	642:649	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	41	theme	lycopene	642:649	arg1	flavonoids					693:702	flavonoids	693:702	flavonoids	693:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	41	theme	lycopene	642:649	arg1	amounts					619:625	appreciable amounts	607:625	appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids	607:702	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	41	theme	lycopene	642:649	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	5	41	theme	lycopene	642:649	arg1	P-carotene					630:639	P-carotene	630:639	P-carotene	630:639	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	6	42	theme	superoxide	897:906	arg1	radicals					922:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	2	43	theme	microscopic	330:340	arg1	details					342:348	microscopic details	330:348	microscopic details	330:348	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	4	44	theme	%	527:527	arg1	±					522:522	14.95 ±	516:522	14.95 ± 0.2%	516:527	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	6	45	theme	scavenging	818:827	arg1	activity					829:836	ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity	770:836	activity	829:836	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	5	46	theme	phenolic	652:659	arg1	compounds					661:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	phenolic compounds	652:669	This species showed appreciable amounts of P-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids.
28094750	6	47	theme	radical	810:816	arg1	activity					829:836	ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity	770:836	activity	829:836	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	6	48	theme	Mycelial	705:712	arg1	culture					714:720	Mycelial culture	705:720	Mycelial culture of this species	705:736	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	2	49	theme	features	320:327	arg1	basis					288:292	the basis	284:292	the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing	284:392	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	1	50	theme	new	200:202	arg1	macleodganensis-was					222:240	a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was	198:240	a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was	198:240	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	6	51	link	anion-derived	908:920	arg1	radicals					922:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	superoxide anion-derived radicals	897:929	Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations.
28094750	2	52	theme	transcribed	364:374	arg1	spacer					376:381	internal transcribed spacer	355:381	internal transcribed spacer sequencing	355:392	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	1	53	theme	species-Cordyceps	204:220	arg1	macleodganensis-was					222:240	a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was	198:240	a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was	198:240	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	0	54	theme	Cordyceps	61:69	arg1	Species					85:91	a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species	55:91	a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India)	55:128	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	4	55	theme	major	570:574	arg1	carbohydrates					534:546	carbohydrates	534:546	carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%)	534:561	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	4	55	theme	major	570:574	arg1	protein					507:513	protein	507:513	protein (14.95 ± 0.2%)	507:528	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	4	55	theme	major	570:574	arg1	nutrients					576:584	the major nutrients	566:584	the major nutrients	566:584	The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ± 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ± 3.8%) as the major nutrients.
28094750	1	56	from	survey	149:154	arg1	region					190:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	the northwest Indian Himalayan region	159:195	During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered.
28094750	2	57	theme	internal	355:362	arg1	spacer					376:381	internal transcribed spacer	355:381	internal transcribed spacer sequencing	355:392	This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing.
28094750	0	58	from	Himalayas	112:120	arg1	Studies					44:50	Compositional Studies	30:50	Compositional Studies	30:50	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	58	from	Himalayas	112:120	arg1	Establishment					12:24	Taxonomical Establishment	0:24	Taxonomical Establishment	0:24	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
28094750	0	58	from	Himalayas	112:120	arg1	Species					85:91	a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species	55:91	a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India)	55:128	Taxonomical Establishment and Compositional Studies of a New Cordyceps (Ascomycetes) Species from the Northwest Himalayas (India).
24674665	0	0	theme	several	85:91	arg1	genera					111:116	several but not all yeast genera	85:116	several but not all yeast genera	85:116	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	2	1	theme	reactive	699:706	arg1	ROS					724:726	ROS	724:726	ROS	724:726	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	1	theme	reactive	699:706	arg1	species					715:721	reactive oxygen species	699:721	reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	699:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	2	theme	heat-treatment	588:601	arg1	yeast					685:689	yeast	685:689	yeast	685:689	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	2	theme	heat-treatment	588:601	arg1	heat-treatment					588:601	heat-treatment	588:601	heat-treatment	588:601	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	2	theme	heat-treatment	588:601	arg1	influence					575:583	the influence	571:583	the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	571:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	2	theme	heat-treatment	588:601	arg1	amount					675:680	the amount	671:680	the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	571:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	3	3	theme	human	979:983	arg1	APCs					985:988	human APCs	979:988	human APCs	979:988	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	4	4	theme	different	1128:1136	arg1	ways					1138:1141	different ways	1128:1141	different ways	1128:1141	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	5	theme	cell	647:650	arg1	surface					652:658	the outer yeast cell surface	631:658	the outer yeast cell surface	631:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	1	6	theme	innate	252:257	arg1	system					266:271	the innate immune system	248:271	the innate immune system	248:271	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	3	7	theme	yeast-induced	947:959	arg1	production					965:974	yeast-induced ROS production	947:974	yeast-induced ROS production	947:974	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	3	8	theme	wall	926:929	arg1	composition					931:941	cell wall composition	921:941	cell wall composition	921:941	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	2	9	theme	yeast	641:645	arg1	surface					652:658	the outer yeast cell surface	631:658	the outer yeast cell surface	631:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	3	10	theme	wall	866:869	arg1	components					871:880	their cell wall components	855:880	their cell wall components	855:880	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	1	11	theme	immune	259:264	arg1	system					266:271	the innate immune system	248:271	the innate immune system	248:271	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	0	12	theme	yeast	105:109	arg1	genera					111:116	several but not all yeast genera	85:116	several but not all yeast genera	85:116	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	4	13	theme	protein	1108:1114	arg1	delivery					1116:1123	yeast-mediated protein delivery	1093:1123	yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways	1093:1141	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	14	theme	outer	635:639	arg1	surface					652:658	the outer yeast cell surface	631:658	the outer yeast cell surface	631:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	3	15	theme	components	871:880	arg1	distribution					839:850	the distribution	835:850	the distribution of their cell wall components	835:880	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	2	16	theme	wall	377:380	arg1	chitin					422:427	chitin	422:427	chitin	422:427	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	16	theme	wall	377:380	arg1	β-glucan					409:416	β-glucan	409:416	β-glucan	409:416	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	16	theme	wall	377:380	arg1	components					382:391	major yeast cell wall components	360:391	major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	360:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	16	theme	wall	377:380	arg1	mannan					401:406	mannan	401:406	mannan	401:406	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	0	17	theme	all	101:103	arg1	genera					111:116	several but not all yeast genera	85:116	several but not all yeast genera	85:116	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	1	18	theme	antigen	160:166	arg1	carrier					168:174	antigen carrier	160:174	antigen carrier in vaccination	160:189	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	3	19	theme	cell	861:864	arg1	components					871:880	their cell wall components	855:880	their cell wall components	855:880	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	2	20	theme	yeast	366:370	arg1	chitin					422:427	chitin	422:427	chitin	422:427	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	20	theme	yeast	366:370	arg1	β-glucan					409:416	β-glucan	409:416	β-glucan	409:416	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	20	theme	yeast	366:370	arg1	components					382:391	major yeast cell wall components	360:391	major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	360:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	20	theme	yeast	366:370	arg1	mannan					401:406	mannan	401:406	mannan	401:406	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	0	21	theme	Heat	0:3	arg1	treatment					5:13	Heat treatment	0:13	Heat treatment	0:13	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	1	22	theme	system	266:271	arg1	components					234:243	cellular components	225:243	cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures	225:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	2	23	theme	β-1,3-glucan	606:617	arg1	exposure					619:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure	606:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface	606:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	4	24	from	delivery	1116:1123	arg1	ways					1138:1141	different ways	1128:1141	different ways	1128:1141	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	4	25	theme	T	1079:1079	arg1	cells					1081:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	26	theme	major	360:364	arg1	chitin					422:427	chitin	422:427	chitin	422:427	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	26	theme	major	360:364	arg1	β-glucan					409:416	β-glucan	409:416	β-glucan	409:416	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	26	theme	major	360:364	arg1	components					382:391	major yeast cell wall components	360:391	major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	360:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	26	theme	major	360:364	arg1	mannan					401:406	mannan	401:406	mannan	401:406	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	0	27	theme	antigen-specific	24:39	arg1	activation					48:57	antigen-specific T cell activation	24:57	antigen-specific T cell activation	24:57	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	2	28	from	influence	575:583	arg1	exposure					619:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure	606:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface	606:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	4	29	theme	memory	1072:1077	arg1	cells					1081:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	3	30	theme	ROS	961:963	arg1	production					965:974	yeast-induced ROS production	947:974	yeast-induced ROS production	947:974	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	4	31	theme	cells	1081:1085	arg1	activation					1041:1050	the activation	1037:1050	the activation of antigen specific memory T cells	1037:1085	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	32	theme	presenting	751:760	arg1	APC					769:771	APC	769:771	APC	769:771	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	32	theme	presenting	751:760	arg1	cells					762:766	antigen presenting cells	743:766	antigen presenting cells (APC)	743:772	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	0	33	theme	cell	43:46	arg1	activation					48:57	antigen-specific T cell activation	24:57	antigen-specific T cell activation	24:57	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	4	34	theme	yeast-mediated	1093:1106	arg1	delivery					1116:1123	yeast-mediated protein delivery	1093:1123	yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways	1093:1141	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	35	dep	Pichia	511:516	arg1	Saccharomyces					496:508	Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces	496:555	Saccharomyces	496:508	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	36	theme	antigen	743:749	arg1	APC					769:771	APC	769:771	APC	769:771	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	36	theme	antigen	743:749	arg1	cells					762:766	antigen presenting cells	743:766	antigen presenting cells (APC)	743:772	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	0	37	theme	T	41:41	arg1	activation					48:57	antigen-specific T cell activation	24:57	antigen-specific T cell activation	24:57	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	2	38	theme	different	437:445	arg1	yeasts					488:493	four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts	432:493	four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	432:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	38	theme	different	437:445	arg1	Kluyveromyces					519:531	Kluyveromyces	519:531	Kluyveromyces	519:531	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	38	theme	different	437:445	arg1	Pichia					511:516	Pichia	511:516	Pichia	511:516	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	3	39	theme	cell	921:924	arg1	composition					931:941	cell wall composition	921:941	cell wall composition	921:941	We found that yeasts significantly differ in the distribution of their cell wall components and that heat-treatment affected both, cell wall composition and yeast-induced ROS production by human APCs.
24674665	1	40	theme	efficient	198:206	arg1	interaction					208:218	its efficient interaction	194:218	its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures	194:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	1	40	theme	efficient	198:206	arg1	prerequisite					129:140	A central prerequisite	119:140	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination	119:189	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	1	41	theme	cell	293:296	arg1	structures					306:315	cell surface structures	293:315	cell surface structures	293:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	2	42	theme	relevant	479:486	arg1	yeasts					488:493	four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts	432:493	four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	432:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	42	theme	relevant	479:486	arg1	Kluyveromyces					519:531	Kluyveromyces	519:531	Kluyveromyces	519:531	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	42	theme	relevant	479:486	arg1	Pichia					511:516	Pichia	511:516	Pichia	511:516	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	43	theme	yeast	685:689	arg1	yeast					685:689	yeast	685:689	yeast	685:689	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	43	theme	yeast	685:689	arg1	heat-treatment					588:601	heat-treatment	588:601	heat-treatment	588:601	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	43	theme	yeast	685:689	arg1	influence					575:583	the influence	571:583	the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	571:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	43	theme	yeast	685:689	arg1	amount					675:680	the amount	671:680	the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	571:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	1	44	theme	surface	298:304	arg1	structures					306:315	cell surface structures	293:315	cell surface structures	293:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	4	45	theme	T	1234:1234	arg1	vaccines					1241:1248	novel T cell vaccines	1228:1248	novel T cell vaccines	1228:1248	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	46	from	production	729:738	arg1	blood					783:787	human blood	777:787	human blood	777:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	4	47	theme	antigen	1055:1061	arg1	cells					1081:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	48	theme	human	777:781	arg1	blood					783:787	human blood	777:787	human blood	777:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	49	dep	yeasts	488:493	arg1	yeasts					488:493	four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts	432:493	four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	432:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	49	dep	yeasts	488:493	arg1	Schizosaccharomyces					537:555	Schizosaccharomyces	537:555	Schizosaccharomyces	537:555	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	49	dep	yeasts	488:493	arg1	Kluyveromyces					519:531	Kluyveromyces	519:531	Kluyveromyces	519:531	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	49	dep	yeasts	488:493	arg1	Pichia					511:516	Pichia	511:516	Pichia	511:516	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	4	50	theme	novel	1228:1232	arg1	vaccines					1241:1248	novel T cell vaccines	1228:1248	novel T cell vaccines	1228:1248	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	4	51	theme	cell	1236:1239	arg1	vaccines					1241:1248	novel T cell vaccines	1228:1248	novel T cell vaccines	1228:1248	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	52	from	surface	652:658	arg1	exposure					619:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure	606:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface	606:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	53	theme	oxygen	708:713	arg1	ROS					724:726	ROS	724:726	ROS	724:726	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	53	theme	oxygen	708:713	arg1	species					715:721	reactive oxygen species	699:721	reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	699:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	4	54	theme	vaccines	1241:1248	arg1	development					1213:1223	the development	1209:1223	the development of novel T cell vaccines	1209:1248	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	4	55	theme	additional	1160:1169	arg1	support					1171:1177	additional support	1160:1177	additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines	1160:1248	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	1	56	from	carrier	168:174	arg1	vaccination					179:189	vaccination	179:189	vaccination	179:189	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	1	57	theme	central	121:127	arg1	interaction					208:218	its efficient interaction	194:218	its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures	194:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	1	57	theme	central	121:127	arg1	prerequisite					129:140	A central prerequisite	119:140	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination	119:189	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	4	58	theme	specific	1063:1070	arg1	cells					1081:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	antigen specific memory T cells	1055:1085	We further show that heat-treatment modulates the activation of antigen specific memory T cells after yeast-mediated protein delivery in different ways and thus provide additional support of using yeast as vehicle for the development of novel T cell vaccines.
24674665	2	59	from	amount	675:680	arg1	exposure					619:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure	606:626	β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface	606:658	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	60	theme	yeasts	488:493	arg1	chitin					422:427	chitin	422:427	chitin	422:427	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	60	theme	yeasts	488:493	arg1	β-glucan					409:416	β-glucan	409:416	β-glucan	409:416	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	60	theme	yeasts	488:493	arg1	mannan					401:406	mannan	401:406	mannan	401:406	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	61	theme	components	382:391	arg1	distribution					344:355	the distribution	340:355	the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	340:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	62	theme	species	715:721	arg1	production					729:738	reactive oxygen species (ROS) production	699:738	reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood	699:787	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	63	theme	cell	372:375	arg1	chitin					422:427	chitin	422:427	chitin	422:427	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	63	theme	cell	372:375	arg1	β-glucan					409:416	β-glucan	409:416	β-glucan	409:416	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	63	theme	cell	372:375	arg1	components					382:391	major yeast cell wall components	360:391	major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces)	360:556	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	2	63	theme	cell	372:375	arg1	mannan					401:406	mannan	401:406	mannan	401:406	Here, we investigated the distribution of major yeast cell wall components such as mannan, β-glucan and chitin of four different and likewise biotechnologically relevant yeasts (Saccharomyces, Pichia, Kluyveromyces and Schizosaccharomyces) and analyzed the influence of heat-treatment on β-1,3-glucan exposure at the outer yeast cell surface as well as the amount of yeast induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by antigen presenting cells (APC) in human blood.
24674665	1	64	theme	cellular	225:232	arg1	components					234:243	cellular components	225:243	cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures	225:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
24674665	0	65	theme	protein	65:71	arg1	delivery					73:80	protein delivery	65:80	protein delivery	65:80	Heat treatment improves antigen-specific T cell activation after protein delivery by several but not all yeast genera.
24674665	1	66	with	interaction	208:218	arg1	components					234:243	cellular components	225:243	cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures	225:315	A central prerequisite in using yeast as antigen carrier in vaccination is its efficient interaction with cellular components of the innate immune system, mainly mediated by cell surface structures.
25746264	3	0	theme	containing	573:582	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	0	theme	containing	573:582	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	8	1	theme	bio-adhesive	1224:1235	arg1	property					1237:1244	bio-adhesive property	1224:1244	bio-adhesive property	1224:1244	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	3	2	theme	absorbent	611:619	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	2	theme	absorbent	611:619	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	11	3	theme	asiaticoside	1477:1488	arg1	activity					1465:1472	Angiogenic activity	1454:1472	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside	1454:1488	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside was evaluated using chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
25746264	1	4	theme	chronic	189:195	arg1	wounds					197:202	chronic wounds	189:202	chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes	189:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	4	theme	chronic	189:195	arg1	level					223:227	lowering level	214:227	lowering level of growth factors	214:245	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	4	theme	chronic	189:195	arg1	level					270:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	4	5	theme	polymer	740:746	arg1	matrix					758:763	the polymer composite matrix	736:763	the polymer composite matrix	736:763	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used to enhance homogeneity of asiaticoside in the polymer composite matrix.
25746264	9	6	theme	release	1288:1294	arg1	study					1296:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study	1266:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study	1266:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study was conducted using immersion method.
25746264	3	7	theme	chronic	641:647	arg1	wound					649:653	chronic wound	641:653	chronic wound	641:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	18	8	theme	dose-dependent	2307:2320	arg1	activity					2333:2340	dose-dependent angiogenic activity	2307:2340	dose-dependent angiogenic activity	2307:2340	Asiaticoside and asiaticoside-contained dressings exhibited dose-dependent angiogenic activity in CAM model.
25746264	4	9	used	used	689:692	arg2	NMP					680:682	NMP	680:682	NMP	680:682	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used to enhance homogeneity of asiaticoside in the polymer composite matrix.
25746264	4	9	used	used	689:692	arg2	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone					656:677	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone	656:677	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)	656:683	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used to enhance homogeneity of asiaticoside in the polymer composite matrix.
25746264	13	10	theme	prepared	1668:1675	arg1	sponges					1677:1683	The prepared sponges	1664:1683	The prepared sponges	1664:1683	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	15	11	theme	high	1989:1992	arg1	OP					1994:1995	their high OP	1983:1995	their high OP	1983:1995	Porosity of all sponges was more than 85% therefore resulting in their high OP.
25746264	0	12	theme	sponge	41:46	arg1	dressing					48:55	composite sponge dressing	31:55	composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound	31:141	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	1	13	theme	growth	232:237	arg1	factors					239:245	growth factors	232:245	growth factors	232:245	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	12	14	theme	sponges	1655:1661	arg1	crystallinity					1625:1637	the crystallinity	1621:1637	the crystallinity of the prepared sponges	1621:1661	FT-IR and PXRD results revealed the amidation after DHT to enhance the crystallinity of the prepared sponges.
25746264	3	15	from	dressing	629:636	arg1	wound					649:653	chronic wound	641:653	chronic wound	641:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	18	16	theme	CAM	2345:2347	arg1	model					2349:2353	CAM model	2345:2353	CAM model	2345:2353	Asiaticoside and asiaticoside-contained dressings exhibited dose-dependent angiogenic activity in CAM model.
25746264	1	17	theme	many	154:157	arg1	factors					159:165	many factors	154:165	many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes	154:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	14	18	theme	fluid	1831:1835	arg1	absorption					1837:1846	fluid absorption	1831:1846	fluid absorption	1831:1846	Alst enhanced hydrophobicity therefore it reduced the fluid absorption and WVTR together with bio-adhesion of the prepared sponge dressings.
25746264	8	19	theme	dressing	1119:1126	arg1	properties					1128:1137	Wound dressing properties	1113:1137	Wound dressing properties	1113:1137	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	7	20	theme	hydrophilic/hydrophobic	1037:1059	arg1	properties					1061:1070	hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties	1037:1070	hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties	1037:1070	Physicochemical properties, porosity, hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties and mechanical property, were evaluated.
25746264	0	21	from	asiaticoside	68:79	arg1	wound					137:141	chronic wound	129:141	chronic wound	129:141	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	3	22	theme	monostearate	536:547	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	22	theme	monostearate	536:547	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	10	23	theme	normal	1368:1373	arg1	fibroblast					1388:1397	normal human dermal fibroblast	1368:1397	normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF)	1368:1404	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	10	23	theme	normal	1368:1373	arg1	NHDF					1400:1403	NHDF	1400:1403	NHDF	1400:1403	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	5	24	theme	dehydrothermal	823:836	arg1	DHT					849:851	DHT	849:851	DHT	849:851	The sponge dressings were prepared by lyophilization and dehydrothermal treatment (DHT).
25746264	5	24	theme	dehydrothermal	823:836	arg1	treatment					838:846	dehydrothermal treatment	823:846	dehydrothermal treatment (DHT)	823:852	The sponge dressings were prepared by lyophilization and dehydrothermal treatment (DHT).
25746264	8	25	theme	vapor	1146:1150	arg1	WVTR					1171:1174	WVTR	1171:1174	WVTR	1171:1174	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	8	25	theme	vapor	1146:1150	arg1	rate					1165:1168	water vapor transmission rate	1140:1168	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	1140:1175	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	14	26	theme	dressings	1907:1915	arg1	bio-adhesion					1871:1882	bio-adhesion	1871:1882	bio-adhesion of the prepared sponge dressings	1871:1915	Alst enhanced hydrophobicity therefore it reduced the fluid absorption and WVTR together with bio-adhesion of the prepared sponge dressings.
25746264	11	27	theme	chick-chorioallantoic	1510:1530	arg1	assay					1547:1551	chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay	1510:1551	chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay	1510:1551	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside was evaluated using chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
25746264	9	28	theme	In	1266:1267	arg1	study					1296:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study	1266:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study	1266:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study was conducted using immersion method.
25746264	3	29	theme	chitosan-aluminum	518:534	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	29	theme	chitosan-aluminum	518:534	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	0	30	theme	composite	31:39	arg1	dressing					48:55	composite sponge dressing	31:55	composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound	31:141	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	1	31	theme	destructive	309:319	arg1	enzymes					321:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	16	32	theme	asiaticoside	2106:2117	arg1	release					2119:2125	the asiaticoside release	2102:2125	the asiaticoside release for 7 days	2102:2136	Enhancing hydrophobicity of the material by Alst and more homogeneity caused by NMP eventually retarded the asiaticoside release for 7 days.
25746264	10	33	theme	dermal	1381:1386	arg1	fibroblast					1388:1397	normal human dermal fibroblast	1368:1397	normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF)	1368:1404	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	10	33	theme	dermal	1381:1386	arg1	NHDF					1400:1403	NHDF	1400:1403	NHDF	1400:1403	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	2	34	theme	wound	459:463	arg1	healing					465:471	wound healing	459:471	wound healing application	459:483	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	14	35	theme	sponge	1900:1905	arg1	dressings					1907:1915	the prepared sponge dressings	1887:1915	the prepared sponge dressings	1887:1915	Alst enhanced hydrophobicity therefore it reduced the fluid absorption and WVTR together with bio-adhesion of the prepared sponge dressings.
25746264	15	36	theme	sponges	1934:1940	arg1	Porosity					1918:1925	Porosity	1918:1925	Porosity of all sponges	1918:1940	Porosity of all sponges was more than 85% therefore resulting in their high OP.
25746264	0	37	theme	wound	85:89	arg1	healing					91:97	wound healing	85:97	wound healing	85:97	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	17	38	theme	cell	2227:2230	arg1	proliferation					2232:2244	NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation	2213:2244	proliferation	2232:2244	The sponge extractions were non-toxic to the cells moreover they promoted NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation.
25746264	10	39	theme	normal	1410:1415	arg1	keratinocyte					1433:1444	normal human epidermal keratinocyte	1410:1444	normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK)	1410:1451	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	10	39	theme	normal	1410:1415	arg1	NHEK					1447:1450	NHEK	1447:1450	NHEK	1447:1450	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	2	40	theme	angiogenic	383:392	arg1	activities					394:403	angiogenic activities	383:403	angiogenic activities	383:403	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	2	41	contain	possesses	343:351	arg1	Asiaticoside					330:341	Asiaticoside	330:341	Asiaticoside	330:341	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	2	41	contain	possesses	343:351	arg2	activities					394:403	angiogenic activities	383:403	angiogenic activities	383:403	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	2	41	contain	possesses	343:351	arg2	healing					371:377	interesting wound healing	353:377	interesting wound healing	353:377	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	6	42	theme	prepared	922:929	arg1	sponges					931:937	the prepared sponges	918:937	the prepared sponges	918:937	Functional group interaction, crystallinity, and morphology of the prepared sponges were investigated using FT-IR, PXRD, and SEM, respectively.
25746264	16	43	theme	material	2030:2037	arg1	hydrophobicity					2008:2021	Enhancing hydrophobicity	1998:2021	Enhancing hydrophobicity of the material by Alst and more homogeneity caused by NMP	1998:2080	Enhancing hydrophobicity of the material by Alst and more homogeneity caused by NMP eventually retarded the asiaticoside release for 7 days.
25746264	13	44	theme	Alst-loaded	1719:1729	arg1	amount					1731:1736	high Alst-loaded amount	1714:1736	high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure	1714:1774	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	1	45	theme	factors	239:245	arg1	level					223:227	lowering level	214:227	lowering level of growth factors	214:245	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	45	theme	factors	239:245	arg1	level					270:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	8	46	theme	oxygen	1196:1201	arg1	OP					1215:1216	OP	1215:1216	OP	1215:1216	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	8	46	theme	oxygen	1196:1201	arg1	permeation					1203:1212	oxygen permeation	1196:1212	oxygen permeation (OP)	1196:1217	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	17	47	theme	sponge	2143:2148	arg1	non-toxic					2167:2175	non-toxic	2167:2175	non-toxic	2167:2175	The sponge extractions were non-toxic to the cells moreover they promoted NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation.
25746264	17	47	theme	sponge	2143:2148	arg1	extractions					2150:2160	The sponge extractions	2139:2160	The sponge extractions	2139:2160	The sponge extractions were non-toxic to the cells moreover they promoted NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation.
25746264	11	48	theme	Angiogenic	1454:1463	arg1	activity					1465:1472	Angiogenic activity	1454:1472	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside	1454:1488	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside was evaluated using chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
25746264	1	49	theme	increasing	251:260	arg1	level					270:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	16	50	theme	more	2051:2054	arg1	homogeneity					2056:2066	more homogeneity	2051:2066	more homogeneity	2051:2066	Enhancing hydrophobicity of the material by Alst and more homogeneity caused by NMP eventually retarded the asiaticoside release for 7 days.
25746264	16	51	theme	Enhancing	1998:2006	arg1	hydrophobicity					2008:2021	Enhancing hydrophobicity	1998:2021	Enhancing hydrophobicity of the material by Alst and more homogeneity caused by NMP	1998:2080	Enhancing hydrophobicity of the material by Alst and more homogeneity caused by NMP eventually retarded the asiaticoside release for 7 days.
25746264	10	52	theme	epidermal	1423:1431	arg1	keratinocyte					1433:1444	normal human epidermal keratinocyte	1410:1444	normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK)	1410:1451	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	10	52	theme	epidermal	1423:1431	arg1	NHEK					1447:1450	NHEK	1447:1450	NHEK	1447:1450	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	3	53	theme	sponge	566:571	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	53	theme	sponge	566:571	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	9	54	theme	asiaticoside	1275:1286	arg1	study					1296:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study	1266:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study	1266:1300	In vitro asiaticoside release study was conducted using immersion method.
25746264	1	55	theme	high	287:290	arg1	enzymes					321:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	55	theme	high	287:290	arg1	amount					292:297	high amount	287:297	high amount of tissue destructive enzymes	287:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	0	56	contain	containing	57:66	arg2	asiaticoside					68:79	asiaticoside	68:79	asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound	68:141	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	0	56	contain	containing	57:66	arg1	dressing					48:55	composite sponge dressing	31:55	composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound	31:141	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	13	57	theme	high	1689:1692	arg1	porosity					1694:1701	high porosity	1689:1701	high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure	1689:1774	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	4	58	theme	asiaticoside	720:731	arg1	homogeneity					705:715	homogeneity	705:715	homogeneity of asiaticoside	705:731	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used to enhance homogeneity of asiaticoside in the polymer composite matrix.
25746264	4	59	gly	homogeneity	705:715	arg1	asiaticoside					720:731	asiaticoside	720:731	asiaticoside	720:731	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used to enhance homogeneity of asiaticoside in the polymer composite matrix.
25746264	6	60	theme	group	866:870	arg1	interaction					872:882	Functional group interaction	855:882	Functional group interaction	855:882	Functional group interaction, crystallinity, and morphology of the prepared sponges were investigated using FT-IR, PXRD, and SEM, respectively.
25746264	2	61	theme	interesting	353:363	arg1	healing					371:377	interesting wound healing	353:377	interesting wound healing	353:377	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	18	62	theme	angiogenic	2322:2331	arg1	activity					2333:2340	dose-dependent angiogenic activity	2307:2340	dose-dependent angiogenic activity	2307:2340	Asiaticoside and asiaticoside-contained dressings exhibited dose-dependent angiogenic activity in CAM model.
25746264	8	63	theme	Wound	1113:1117	arg1	properties					1128:1137	Wound dressing properties	1113:1137	Wound dressing properties	1113:1137	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	6	64	theme	Functional	855:864	arg1	interaction					872:882	Functional group interaction	855:882	Functional group interaction	855:882	Functional group interaction, crystallinity, and morphology of the prepared sponges were investigated using FT-IR, PXRD, and SEM, respectively.
25746264	5	65	theme	sponge	770:775	arg1	dressings					777:785	The sponge dressings	766:785	The sponge dressings	766:785	The sponge dressings were prepared by lyophilization and dehydrothermal treatment (DHT).
25746264	3	66	theme	medical	621:627	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	66	theme	medical	621:627	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	1	67	theme	lowering	214:221	arg1	level					223:227	lowering level	214:227	lowering level of growth factors	214:245	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	17	68	theme	NHDF	2213:2216	arg1	proliferation					2232:2244	NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation	2213:2244	proliferation	2232:2244	The sponge extractions were non-toxic to the cells moreover they promoted NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation.
25746264	9	69	theme	immersion	1322:1330	arg1	method					1332:1337	immersion method	1322:1337	immersion method	1322:1337	In vitro asiaticoside release study was conducted using immersion method.
25746264	9	70	dep	In	1266:1267	arg1	vitro					1269:1273	vitro	1269:1273	vitro	1269:1273	In vitro asiaticoside release study was conducted using immersion method.
25746264	12	71	theme	prepared	1646:1653	arg1	sponges					1655:1661	the prepared sponges	1642:1661	the prepared sponges	1642:1661	FT-IR and PXRD results revealed the amidation after DHT to enhance the crystallinity of the prepared sponges.
25746264	4	72	theme	composite	748:756	arg1	matrix					758:763	the polymer composite matrix	736:763	the polymer composite matrix	736:763	N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was used to enhance homogeneity of asiaticoside in the polymer composite matrix.
25746264	14	73	dep	absorption	1837:1846	arg1	the					1827:1829	the	1827:1829	the	1827:1829	Alst enhanced hydrophobicity therefore it reduced the fluid absorption and WVTR together with bio-adhesion of the prepared sponge dressings.
25746264	7	74	theme	mechanical	1076:1085	arg1	property					1087:1094	mechanical property	1076:1094	mechanical property	1076:1094	Physicochemical properties, porosity, hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties and mechanical property, were evaluated.
25746264	18	75	theme	asiaticoside-contained	2264:2285	arg1	dressings					2287:2295	asiaticoside-contained dressings	2264:2295	asiaticoside-contained dressings	2264:2295	Asiaticoside and asiaticoside-contained dressings exhibited dose-dependent angiogenic activity in CAM model.
25746264	8	76	theme	water	1140:1144	arg1	WVTR					1171:1174	WVTR	1171:1174	WVTR	1171:1174	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	8	76	theme	water	1140:1144	arg1	rate					1165:1168	water vapor transmission rate	1140:1168	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	1140:1175	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	1	77	from	healing	178:184	arg1	wounds					197:202	chronic wounds	189:202	chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes	189:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	77	from	healing	178:184	arg1	level					223:227	lowering level	214:227	lowering level of growth factors	214:245	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	77	from	healing	178:184	arg1	level					270:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	10	78	theme	human	1375:1379	arg1	fibroblast					1388:1397	normal human dermal fibroblast	1368:1397	normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF)	1368:1404	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	10	78	theme	human	1375:1379	arg1	NHDF					1400:1403	NHDF	1400:1403	NHDF	1400:1403	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	2	79	theme	wound	365:369	arg1	healing					371:377	interesting wound healing	353:377	interesting wound healing	353:377	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	11	80	theme	membrane	1532:1539	arg1	assay					1547:1551	chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay	1510:1551	chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay	1510:1551	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside was evaluated using chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
25746264	8	81	theme	transmission	1152:1163	arg1	WVTR					1171:1174	WVTR	1171:1174	WVTR	1171:1174	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	8	81	theme	transmission	1152:1163	arg1	rate					1165:1168	water vapor transmission rate	1140:1168	water vapor transmission rate (WVTR)	1140:1175	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	2	82	theme	tissue	436:441	arg1	regeneration					443:454	tissue regeneration	436:454	tissue regeneration	436:454	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	13	83	contain	had	1685:1687	arg2	porosity					1694:1701	high porosity	1689:1701	high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure	1689:1774	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	13	83	contain	had	1685:1687	arg1	sponges					1677:1683	The prepared sponges	1664:1683	The prepared sponges	1664:1683	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	1	84	theme	tissue	302:307	arg1	enzymes					321:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	7	85	theme	Physicochemical	999:1013	arg1	properties					1015:1024	Physicochemical properties	999:1024	Physicochemical properties	999:1024	Physicochemical properties, porosity, hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties and mechanical property, were evaluated.
25746264	0	86	dep	healing	91:97	arg1	promotion					116:124	promotion	116:124	promotion	116:124	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	11	87	theme	CAM	1542:1544	arg1	assay					1547:1551	chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay	1510:1551	chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay	1510:1551	Angiogenic activity of asiaticoside was evaluated using chick-chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.
25746264	2	88	theme	healing	465:471	arg1	application					473:483	wound healing application	459:483	wound healing application	459:483	Asiaticoside possesses interesting wound healing and angiogenic activities that are employed to stimulate tissue regeneration in wound healing application.
25746264	1	89	theme	enzymes	321:327	arg1	enzymes					321:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	tissue destructive enzymes	302:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	1	89	theme	enzymes	321:327	arg1	amount					292:297	high amount	287:297	high amount of tissue destructive enzymes	287:327	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
25746264	8	90	theme	fluid	1178:1182	arg1	absorbency					1184:1193	fluid absorbency	1178:1193	fluid absorbency	1178:1193	Wound dressing properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), fluid absorbency, oxygen permeation (OP), and bio-adhesive property, were investigated.
25746264	13	91	theme	compact	1758:1764	arg1	structure					1766:1774	more compact structure	1753:1774	more compact structure	1753:1774	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	17	92	theme	NHEK	2222:2225	arg1	proliferation					2232:2244	NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation	2213:2244	proliferation	2232:2244	The sponge extractions were non-toxic to the cells moreover they promoted NHDF and NHEK cell proliferation.
25746264	10	93	theme	human	1417:1421	arg1	keratinocyte					1433:1444	normal human epidermal keratinocyte	1410:1444	normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK)	1410:1451	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	10	93	theme	human	1417:1421	arg1	NHEK					1447:1450	NHEK	1447:1450	NHEK	1447:1450	Cytotoxicity was studied in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) and normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK).
25746264	0	94	theme	chronic	129:135	arg1	wound					137:141	chronic wound	129:141	chronic wound	129:141	Chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite sponge dressing containing asiaticoside for wound healing and angiogenesis promotion in chronic wound.
25746264	14	95	theme	prepared	1891:1898	arg1	dressings					1907:1915	the prepared sponge dressings	1887:1915	the prepared sponge dressings	1887:1915	Alst enhanced hydrophobicity therefore it reduced the fluid absorption and WVTR together with bio-adhesion of the prepared sponge dressings.
25746264	6	96	theme	sponges	931:937	arg1	crystallinity					885:897	crystallinity	885:897	crystallinity	885:897	Functional group interaction, crystallinity, and morphology of the prepared sponges were investigated using FT-IR, PXRD, and SEM, respectively.
25746264	6	96	theme	sponges	931:937	arg1	morphology					904:913	morphology	904:913	morphology	904:913	Functional group interaction, crystallinity, and morphology of the prepared sponges were investigated using FT-IR, PXRD, and SEM, respectively.
25746264	6	96	theme	sponges	931:937	arg1	interaction					872:882	Functional group interaction	855:882	Functional group interaction	855:882	Functional group interaction, crystallinity, and morphology of the prepared sponges were investigated using FT-IR, PXRD, and SEM, respectively.
25746264	13	97	theme	high	1714:1717	arg1	amount					1731:1736	high Alst-loaded amount	1714:1736	high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure	1714:1774	The prepared sponges had high porosity comprising high Alst-loaded amount that exhibited more compact structure.
25746264	3	98	theme	composite	556:564	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	98	theme	composite	556:564	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	12	99	theme	FT-IR	1554:1558	arg1	results					1569:1575	FT-IR and PXRD results	1554:1575	FT-IR and PXRD results	1554:1575	FT-IR and PXRD results revealed the amidation after DHT to enhance the crystallinity of the prepared sponges.
25746264	3	100	theme	Alst	550:553	arg1	dressing					629:636	an absorbent medical dressing	608:636	an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound	608:653	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	3	100	theme	Alst	550:553	arg1	asiaticoside					584:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside	518:595	chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use	518:603	This study attempted to develop chitosan-aluminum monostearate (Alst) composite sponge containing asiaticoside for use as an absorbent medical dressing in chronic wound.
25746264	12	101	theme	PXRD	1564:1567	arg1	results					1569:1575	FT-IR and PXRD results	1554:1575	FT-IR and PXRD results	1554:1575	FT-IR and PXRD results revealed the amidation after DHT to enhance the crystallinity of the prepared sponges.
25746264	1	102	theme	exudate	262:268	arg1	level					270:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	increasing exudate level	251:274	There are many factors that delay healing in chronic wounds including lowering level of growth factors and increasing exudate level comprising high amount of tissue destructive enzymes.
28630123	11	0	theme	biogenesis	1599:1608	arg1	regulation					1575:1584	the spatial and temporal regulation	1550:1584	the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium	1550:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	7	1	theme	Most	1101:1104	arg1	minicells					1106:1114	Most minicells	1101:1114	Most minicells	1101:1114	Most minicells lack DNA, suggesting a defect in chromosome segregation.
28630123	2	2	theme	new	345:347	arg1	peptidoglycan					349:361	new peptidoglycan	345:361	new peptidoglycan	345:361	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	1	3	theme	Agrobacterium	123:135	arg1	tumefaciens					137:147	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	123:147	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	123:147	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	1	3	theme	Agrobacterium	123:135	arg1	bacterium					165:173	a rod-shaped bacterium	152:173	a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation	152:247	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	2	4	theme	peptidoglycan	280:292	arg1	synthesis					294:302	peptidoglycan synthesis	280:302	peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole	280:314	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	9	5	theme	chromosome	1386:1395	arg1	segregation					1397:1407	chromosome segregation	1386:1407	chromosome segregation	1386:1407	Together, these data suggest that PopZ plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA.
28630123	4	6	with	Consistent	677:686	arg1	observations					702:713	previous observations	693:713	previous observations	693:713	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	12	7	dep	A.	1693:1694	arg1	tumefaciens					1696:1706	tumefaciens	1696:1706	tumefaciens	1696:1706	Understanding the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth may allow for the development of innovations to prevent disease or to promote growth during biotechnology applications.
28630123	6	8	with	cells	1075:1079	arg1	poles					1094:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	4	9	theme	A.	662:663	arg1	function					614:621	the function	610:621	the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells	610:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	1	10	theme	polar	189:193	arg1	insertion					195:203	polar insertion	189:203	polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation	189:247	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	3	11	theme	polar	557:561	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	11	theme	polar	557:561	arg1	factor					580:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	5	12	theme	striking	811:818	arg1	pattern					833:839	the striking localization pattern	807:839	the striking localization pattern of PopZ	807:847	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	1	13	theme	peptidoglycan	212:224	arg1	insertion					195:203	polar insertion	189:203	polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation	189:247	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	8	14	theme	cell	1200:1203	arg1	FtsZ					1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	14	theme	cell	1200:1203	arg1	misplaced					1241:1249	misplaced	1241:1249	misplaced	1241:1249	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	14	theme	cell	1200:1203	arg1	proteins					1214:1221	the canonical cell division proteins	1186:1221	the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA	1186:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	14	theme	cell	1200:1203	arg1	FtsA					1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	15	dep	proteins	1214:1221	arg1	FtsZ					1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	15	dep	proteins	1214:1221	arg1	proteins					1214:1221	the canonical cell division proteins	1186:1221	the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA	1186:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	15	dep	proteins	1214:1221	arg1	FtsA					1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	2	16	theme	cell	257:260	arg1	progresses					268:277	the cell cycle progresses	253:277	the cell cycle progresses	253:277	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	12	17	theme	A.	1693:1694	arg1	growth					1708:1713	A. tumefaciens growth	1693:1713	A. tumefaciens growth	1693:1713	Understanding the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth may allow for the development of innovations to prevent disease or to promote growth during biotechnology applications.
28630123	6	18	theme	atypical	998:1005	arg1	distribution					1019:1030	an atypical cell length distribution	995:1030	an atypical cell length distribution	995:1030	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	8	19	theme	cell	1283:1286	arg1	constriction					1288:1299	cell constriction	1283:1299	cell constriction	1283:1299	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	13	20	theme	polar	1906:1910	arg1	growth					1912:1917	polar growth	1906:1917	polar growth	1906:1917	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	4	21	from	function	614:621	arg1	cell					634:637	cell growth and division	634:657	cell growth and division	634:657	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	4	22	theme	previous	693:700	arg1	observations					702:713	previous observations	693:713	previous observations	693:713	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	13	23	theme	related	1863:1869	arg1	pathogens					1888:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	4	24	from	pole	774:777	arg1	cells					792:796	wild-type cells	782:796	wild-type cells	782:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	0	25	theme	Cell	79:82	arg1	Division					84:91	Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division	56:91	Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens	56:120	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	6	26	theme	elongated	1054:1062	arg1	cells					1064:1068	elongated cells	1054:1068	elongated cells	1054:1068	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	3	27	dep	A.	403:404	arg1	tumefaciens					406:416	tumefaciens	406:416	tumefaciens	406:416	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	13	28	theme	many	1850:1853	arg1	pathogens					1888:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	6	29	with	minicells	1043:1051	arg1	poles					1094:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	3	30	theme	organelle	462:470	arg1	PopZ					492:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	5	31	theme	localization	820:831	arg1	pattern					833:839	the striking localization pattern	807:839	the striking localization pattern of PopZ	807:847	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	3	32	theme	A.	403:404	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	32	theme	A.	403:404	arg1	marker					534:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	32	theme	A.	403:404	arg1	factor					580:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	10	33	theme	plant	1467:1471	arg1	pathogen					1473:1480	a bacterial plant pathogen	1455:1480	a bacterial plant pathogen	1455:1480	tumefaciens is a bacterial plant pathogen and a natural genetic engineer.
28630123	10	33	theme	plant	1467:1471	arg1	tumefaciens					1440:1450	tumefaciens	1440:1450	tumefaciens	1440:1450	tumefaciens is a bacterial plant pathogen and a natural genetic engineer.
28630123	3	34	theme	crescentus	445:454	arg1	PopZ					492:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	0	35	theme	Organizing	21:30	arg1	PopZ					40:43	the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	11:43	the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	11:43	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	6	36	with	cells	1064:1068	arg1	poles					1094:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	4	37	dep	cell	634:637	arg1	division					650:657	division	650:657	division	650:657	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	4	37	dep	cell	634:637	arg1	growth					639:644	growth	639:644	growth	639:644	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	6	38	theme	length	1012:1017	arg1	distribution					1019:1030	an atypical cell length distribution	995:1030	an atypical cell length distribution	995:1030	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	11	39	theme	temporal	1566:1573	arg1	regulation					1575:1584	the spatial and temporal regulation	1550:1584	the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium	1550:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	0	40	theme	PopZ	40:43	arg1	Absence					0:6	Absence	0:6	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	0:43	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	10	41	theme	natural	1488:1494	arg1	engineer					1504:1511	a natural genetic engineer	1486:1511	a natural genetic engineer	1486:1511	tumefaciens is a bacterial plant pathogen and a natural genetic engineer.
28630123	4	42	theme	wild-type	782:790	arg1	cells					792:796	wild-type cells	782:796	wild-type cells	782:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	11	43	theme	spatial	1554:1560	arg1	regulation					1575:1584	the spatial and temporal regulation	1550:1584	the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium	1550:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	3	44	theme	protein	484:490	arg1	PopZ					492:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	5	45	from	changes	933:939	arg1	composition					962:972	the peptidoglycan composition	944:972	the peptidoglycan composition	944:972	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	6	46	theme	ectopic	1086:1092	arg1	poles					1094:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	ectopic poles	1086:1098	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	3	47	theme	polar	456:460	arg1	PopZ					492:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	11	48	theme	wall	1594:1597	arg1	biogenesis					1599:1608	cell wall biogenesis	1589:1608	cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium	1589:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	7	49	theme	chromosome	1149:1158	arg1	segregation					1160:1170	chromosome segregation	1149:1170	chromosome segregation	1149:1170	Most minicells lack DNA, suggesting a defect in chromosome segregation.
28630123	2	50	theme	peptidoglycan	349:361	arg1	insertion					332:340	insertion	332:340	insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell	332:372	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	5	51	theme	protein	877:883	arg1	absence					862:868	the absence	858:868	the absence of the protein	858:883	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	3	52	theme	pole	529:532	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	52	theme	pole	529:532	arg1	marker					534:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	9	53	theme	segregation	1397:1407	arg1	regulation					1372:1381	the regulation	1368:1381	the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA	1368:1437	Together, these data suggest that PopZ plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA.
28630123	12	54	theme	growth	1708:1713	arg1	basis					1684:1688	the molecular basis	1670:1688	the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth	1670:1713	Understanding the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth may allow for the development of innovations to prevent disease or to promote growth during biotechnology applications.
28630123	8	55	theme	division	1205:1212	arg1	FtsZ					1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	55	theme	division	1205:1212	arg1	misplaced					1241:1249	misplaced	1241:1249	misplaced	1241:1249	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	55	theme	division	1205:1212	arg1	proteins					1214:1221	the canonical cell division proteins	1186:1221	the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA	1186:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	55	theme	division	1205:1212	arg1	FtsA					1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	3	56	theme	growth-promoting	563:578	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	56	theme	growth-promoting	563:578	arg1	factor					580:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	9	57	theme	cell	1413:1416	arg1	division.IMPORTANCEA					1418:1437	cell division.IMPORTANCEA	1413:1437	cell division.IMPORTANCEA	1413:1437	Together, these data suggest that PopZ plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA.
28630123	2	58	from	midcell	366:372	arg1	insertion					332:340	insertion	332:340	insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell	332:372	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	3	59	theme	candidate	547:555	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	59	theme	candidate	547:555	arg1	factor					580:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	4	60	theme	PopZ	626:629	arg1	function					614:621	the function	610:621	the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells	610:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	9	61	theme	division.IMPORTANCEA	1418:1437	arg1	regulation					1372:1381	the regulation	1368:1381	the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA	1368:1437	Together, these data suggest that PopZ plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA.
28630123	5	62	theme	PopZ	844:847	arg1	pattern					833:839	the striking localization pattern	807:839	the striking localization pattern of PopZ	807:847	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	13	63	from	discoveries	1920:1930	arg1	tumefaciens					1938:1948	A. tumefaciens	1935:1948	A. tumefaciens	1935:1948	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	8	64	theme	canonical	1190:1198	arg1	FtsZ					1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	FtsZ	1223:1226	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	64	theme	canonical	1190:1198	arg1	misplaced					1241:1249	misplaced	1241:1249	misplaced	1241:1249	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	64	theme	canonical	1190:1198	arg1	proteins					1214:1221	the canonical cell division proteins	1186:1221	the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA	1186:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	64	theme	canonical	1190:1198	arg1	FtsA					1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	FtsA	1232:1235	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	13	65	theme	animal	1881:1886	arg1	pathogens					1888:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	2	66	theme	cycle	262:266	arg1	progresses					268:277	the cell cycle progresses	253:277	the cell cycle progresses	253:277	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	5	67	theme	polar	901:905	arg1	elongation					907:916	polar elongation	901:916	polar elongation	901:916	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	12	68	theme	molecular	1674:1682	arg1	basis					1684:1688	the molecular basis	1670:1688	the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth	1670:1713	Understanding the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth may allow for the development of innovations to prevent disease or to promote growth during biotechnology applications.
28630123	6	69	theme	cell	1007:1010	arg1	distribution					1019:1030	an atypical cell length distribution	995:1030	an atypical cell length distribution	995:1030	Instead, we observe an atypical cell length distribution, including minicells, elongated cells, and cells with ectopic poles.
28630123	0	70	from	Division	84:91	arg1	tumefaciens					110:120	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	96:120	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	96:120	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	8	71	theme	asymmetric	1263:1272	arg1	sites					1274:1278	asymmetric sites	1263:1278	asymmetric sites of cell constriction	1263:1299	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	71	theme	asymmetric	1263:1272	arg1	constriction					1288:1299	cell constriction	1283:1299	cell constriction	1283:1299	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	0	72	theme	Reduced	56:62	arg1	Division					84:91	Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division	56:91	Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens	56:120	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	0	73	theme	Asymmetric	68:77	arg1	Division					84:91	Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division	56:91	Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens	56:120	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	1	74	theme	rod-shaped	154:163	arg1	tumefaciens					137:147	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	123:147	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	123:147	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	1	74	theme	rod-shaped	154:163	arg1	bacterium					165:173	a rod-shaped bacterium	152:173	a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation	152:247	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	8	75	theme	constriction	1288:1299	arg1	sites					1274:1278	asymmetric sites	1263:1278	asymmetric sites of cell constriction	1263:1299	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	8	75	theme	constriction	1288:1299	arg1	constriction					1288:1299	cell constriction	1283:1299	cell constriction	1283:1299	Furthermore, the canonical cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA are misplaced, leading to asymmetric sites of cell constriction.
28630123	13	76	theme	plant	1871:1875	arg1	pathogens					1888:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	many closely related plant and animal pathogens	1850:1896	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	2	77	from	pole	311:314	arg1	synthesis					294:302	peptidoglycan synthesis	280:302	peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole	280:314	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	0	78	theme	Agrobacterium	96:108	arg1	tumefaciens					110:120	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	96:120	Agrobacterium tumefaciens	96:120	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	11	79	theme	polar	1624:1628	arg1	growth					1630:1635	polar growth	1624:1635	polar growth in this bacterium	1624:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	5	80	theme	peptidoglycan	948:960	arg1	composition					962:972	the peptidoglycan composition	944:972	the peptidoglycan composition	944:972	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	7	81	from	defect	1139:1144	arg1	segregation					1160:1170	chromosome segregation	1149:1170	chromosome segregation	1149:1170	Most minicells lack DNA, suggesting a defect in chromosome segregation.
28630123	4	82	theme	growth	767:772	arg1	pole					774:777	the growth pole	763:777	the growth pole in wild-type cells	763:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	2	83	theme	cell	384:387	arg1	division					389:396	cell division	384:396	cell division	384:396	As the cell cycle progresses, peptidoglycan synthesis at the pole ceases prior to insertion of new peptidoglycan at midcell to enable cell division.
28630123	11	84	from	growth	1630:1635	arg1	bacterium					1645:1653	this bacterium	1640:1653	this bacterium	1640:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	0	85	theme	Polar	15:19	arg1	PopZ					40:43	the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	11:43	the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	11:43	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	5	86	theme	major	927:931	arg1	changes					933:939	major changes	927:939	major changes in the peptidoglycan composition	927:972	Despite the striking localization pattern of PopZ, we find the absence of the protein does not impair polar elongation or cause major changes in the peptidoglycan composition.
28630123	3	87	theme	development	472:482	arg1	PopZ					492:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	429:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	0	88	theme	Protein	32:38	arg1	PopZ					40:43	the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	11:43	the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ	11:43	Absence of the Polar Organizing Protein PopZ Results in Reduced and Asymmetric Cell Division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
28630123	1	89	theme	new	208:210	arg1	peptidoglycan					212:224	new peptidoglycan	208:224	new peptidoglycan	208:224	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	10	90	theme	bacterial	1457:1465	arg1	pathogen					1473:1480	a bacterial plant pathogen	1455:1480	a bacterial plant pathogen	1455:1480	tumefaciens is a bacterial plant pathogen and a natural genetic engineer.
28630123	10	90	theme	bacterial	1457:1465	arg1	tumefaciens					1440:1450	tumefaciens	1440:1450	tumefaciens	1440:1450	tumefaciens is a bacterial plant pathogen and a natural genetic engineer.
28630123	13	91	theme	antimicrobial	1989:2001	arg1	strategies					2003:2012	antimicrobial strategies	1989:2012	antimicrobial strategies	1989:2012	Finally, since many closely related plant and animal pathogens exhibit polar growth, discoveries in A. tumefaciens may be broadly applicable for devising antimicrobial strategies.
28630123	1	92	theme	cell	233:236	arg1	elongation					238:247	cell elongation	233:247	cell elongation	233:247	Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a rod-shaped bacterium that grows by polar insertion of new peptidoglycan during cell elongation.
28630123	12	93	theme	biotechnology	1807:1819	arg1	applications					1821:1832	biotechnology applications	1807:1832	biotechnology applications	1807:1832	Understanding the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth may allow for the development of innovations to prevent disease or to promote growth during biotechnology applications.
28630123	10	94	theme	genetic	1496:1502	arg1	engineer					1504:1511	a natural genetic engineer	1486:1511	a natural genetic engineer	1486:1511	tumefaciens is a bacterial plant pathogen and a natural genetic engineer.
28630123	4	95	dep	A.	662:663	arg1	tumefaciens					665:675	A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells	662:796	A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells	662:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	4	95	dep	A.	662:663	arg1	observe					719:725	observe	719:725	observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells	719:796	Here, we characterize the function of PopZ in cell growth and division of A. tumefaciens Consistent with previous observations, we observe that PopZ localizes specifically to the growth pole in wild-type cells.
28630123	11	96	theme	cell	1589:1592	arg1	biogenesis					1599:1608	cell wall biogenesis	1589:1608	cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium	1589:1653	However, very little is known about the spatial and temporal regulation of cell wall biogenesis that leads to polar growth in this bacterium.
28630123	3	97	theme	PopZ	492:495	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	97	theme	PopZ	492:495	arg1	marker					534:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	97	theme	PopZ	492:495	arg1	factor					580:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	a candidate polar growth-promoting factor	545:585	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	9	98	theme	important	1350:1358	arg1	role					1360:1363	an important role	1347:1363	an important role	1347:1363	Together, these data suggest that PopZ plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome segregation and cell division.IMPORTANCEA.
28630123	12	99	theme	innovations	1748:1758	arg1	development					1733:1743	the development	1729:1743	the development of innovations	1729:1758	Understanding the molecular basis of A. tumefaciens growth may allow for the development of innovations to prevent disease or to promote growth during biotechnology applications.
28630123	3	100	theme	growth	522:527	arg1	homolog					418:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog	399:424	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ	399:495	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
28630123	3	100	theme	growth	522:527	arg1	marker					534:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	a growth pole marker	520:539	The A. tumefaciens homolog of the Caulobacter crescentus polar organelle development protein PopZ has been identified as a growth pole marker and a candidate polar growth-promoting factor.
27269631	9	0	theme	microenvironment	1651:1666	arg1	behavior					1629:1636	the physiological behavior	1611:1636	the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment	1611:1666	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	10	1	theme	hydrogel	1716:1723	arg1	construct					1725:1733	a functional 3D hydrogel construct	1700:1733	a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability	1700:1840	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	1	2	theme	extracellular	243:255	arg1	ECM					265:267	ECM	265:267	ECM	265:267	Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials as they could mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM).
27269631	1	2	theme	extracellular	243:255	arg1	matrix					257:262	the extracellular matrix	239:262	the extracellular matrix (ECM)	239:268	Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials as they could mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM).
27269631	9	3	theme	other	1445:1449	arg1	characteristics					1462:1476	adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics	1432:1476	characteristics	1462:1476	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	7	4	theme	several	1095:1101	arg1	integrins					1103:1111	several integrins	1095:1111	several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix	1095:1150	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	10	5	theme	cancer	1745:1750	arg1	cells					1752:1756	colon cancer cells	1739:1756	colon cancer cells	1739:1756	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	2	6	theme	occurring	291:299	arg1	biopolymers					301:311	the naturally occurring biopolymers	277:311	the naturally occurring biopolymers	277:311	Among the naturally occurring biopolymers, alginate and gelatin are extensively used for many biomedical applications.
27269631	9	7	theme	HCT116	1481:1486	arg1	cells					1494:1498	HCT116 tumor cells	1481:1498	HCT116 tumor cells	1481:1498	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	9	8	theme	phenotypic	1451:1460	arg1	characteristics					1462:1476	adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics	1432:1476	characteristics	1462:1476	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	8	9	theme	HCT116	1357:1362	arg1	cells					1364:1368	parental HCT116 cells	1348:1368	parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities	1348:1419	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	3	10	theme	major	566:570	arg1	challenge					572:580	a major challenge	564:580	a major challenge	564:580	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	5	11	theme	cells	819:823	arg1	behavior					781:788	the cell behavior	772:788	the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels	772:854	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	3	12	theme	three-dimensional	434:450	arg1	constructs					420:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	3	12	theme	three-dimensional	434:450	arg1	models					470:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	9	13	theme	adhesion	1432:1439	arg1	characteristics					1462:1476	adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics	1432:1476	characteristics	1462:1476	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	5	14	theme	colon	799:803	arg1	cells					819:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	1	15	theme	biomaterials	206:217	arg1	class					197:201	an important class	184:201	an important class of biomaterials	184:217	Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials as they could mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM).
27269631	1	15	theme	biomaterials	206:217	arg1	Hydrogels					170:178	Hydrogels	170:178	Hydrogels	170:178	Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials as they could mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM).
27269631	11	16	theme	3D	1913:1914	arg1	model					1922:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model	1893:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior	1893:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	0	17	theme	Colorectal	139:148	arg1	Cells					163:167	Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells	139:167	Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells	139:167	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	10	18	theme	cell	1800:1803	arg1	attachment					1805:1814	their physiological cell attachment	1780:1814	their physiological cell attachment	1780:1814	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	5	19	theme	alginate-gelatin	899:914	arg1	matrixes					926:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	8	20	theme	recultured	1292:1301	arg1	cells					1323:1327	recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells	1292:1327	recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells	1292:1327	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	0	21	theme	Tumor	157:161	arg1	Cells					163:167	Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells	139:167	Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells	139:167	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	11	22	theme	behavior	1969:1976	arg1	aspects					1947:1953	different aspects	1937:1953	different aspects of tumor cell behavior	1937:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	5	23	theme	ADA-GEL	917:923	arg1	matrixes					926:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	1	24	theme	important	187:195	arg1	class					197:201	an important class	184:201	an important class of biomaterials	184:217	Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials as they could mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM).
27269631	1	24	theme	important	187:195	arg1	Hydrogels					170:178	Hydrogels	170:178	Hydrogels	170:178	Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials as they could mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM).
27269631	11	25	theme	tumor	1916:1920	arg1	model					1922:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model	1893:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior	1893:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	8	26	theme	immobilized	1311:1321	arg1	cells					1323:1327	recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells	1292:1327	recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells	1292:1327	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	5	27	theme	cancer	805:810	arg1	cells					819:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	5	28	theme	pure	868:871	arg1	alginate					873:880	pure alginate	868:880	pure alginate	868:880	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	9	29	theme	suitable	1544:1551	arg1	hydrogel					1525:1532	ADA-GEL hydrogel	1517:1532	ADA-GEL hydrogel	1517:1532	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	9	29	theme	suitable	1544:1551	arg1	system					1556:1561	a more suitable 3D system	1537:1561	a more suitable 3D system	1537:1561	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	6	30	theme	ADA-GEL	974:980	arg1	matrix					982:987	the ADA-GEL matrix	970:987	the ADA-GEL matrix	970:987	Our data indicate that cells from the ADA-GEL matrix showed highest proliferation and cellular networks through the material.
27269631	0	31	theme	Spreading	85:93	arg1	Characteristics					120:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	0	31	theme	Spreading	85:93	arg1	Viability					96:104	Viability	96:104	Viability	96:104	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	0	31	theme	Spreading	85:93	arg1	Comparison					66:75	Comparison	66:75	Comparison of Cell Spreading	66:93	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	8	32	theme	parental	1348:1355	arg1	cells					1364:1368	parental HCT116 cells	1348:1368	parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities	1348:1419	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	11	33	theme	suitable	1895:1902	arg1	model					1922:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model	1893:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior	1893:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	9	34	theme	pure	1568:1571	arg1	alginate					1573:1580	pure alginate	1568:1580	pure alginate	1568:1580	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	6	35	from	matrix	982:987	arg1	cells					959:963	cells	959:963	cells from the ADA-GEL matrix	959:987	Our data indicate that cells from the ADA-GEL matrix showed highest proliferation and cellular networks through the material.
27269631	4	36	theme	research	729:736	arg1	approaches					738:747	cancer research approaches	722:747	cancer research approaches	722:747	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	2	37	theme	biomedical	365:374	arg1	applications					376:387	many biomedical applications	360:387	many biomedical applications	360:387	Among the naturally occurring biopolymers, alginate and gelatin are extensively used for many biomedical applications.
27269631	5	38	theme	human	793:797	arg1	cells					819:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	8	39	theme	migration	1380:1388	arg1	capabilities					1408:1419	migration and proliferation capabilities	1380:1419	migration and proliferation capabilities	1380:1419	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	3	40	theme	culture	462:468	arg1	constructs					420:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	3	40	theme	culture	462:468	arg1	models					470:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	0	41	theme	3D	18:19	arg1	Hydrogel					36:43	3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel	18:43	3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel	18:43	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	3	42	theme	biofabrication	405:418	arg1	models					470:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	3	42	theme	biofabrication	405:418	arg1	constructs					420:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	8	43	theme	proliferation	1394:1406	arg1	capabilities					1408:1419	migration and proliferation capabilities	1380:1419	migration and proliferation capabilities	1380:1419	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	7	44	theme	matrix	1145:1150	arg1	inside					1131:1136	inside	1131:1136	inside of the matrix	1131:1150	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	0	45	theme	Hydrogel	36:43	arg1	Biofabrication					0:13	Biofabrication	0:13	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.	0:168	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	3	46	dep	three-dimensional	434:450	arg1	3D					453:454	3D	453:454	3D	453:454	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	6	47	theme	cellular	1022:1029	arg1	networks					1031:1038	cellular networks	1022:1038	cellular networks	1022:1038	Our data indicate that cells from the ADA-GEL matrix showed highest proliferation and cellular networks through the material.
27269631	10	48	theme	3D	1713:1714	arg1	construct					1725:1733	a functional 3D hydrogel construct	1700:1733	a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability	1700:1840	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	0	49	theme	Cancer	49:54	arg1	Research					56:63	Cancer Research	49:63	Cancer Research	49:63	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	9	50	theme	physiological	1615:1627	arg1	behavior					1629:1636	the physiological behavior	1611:1636	the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment	1611:1666	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	11	51	theme	tumor	1958:1962	arg1	behavior					1969:1976	tumor cell behavior	1958:1976	tumor cell behavior	1958:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	10	52	theme	first	1677:1681	arg1	time					1683:1686	the first time	1673:1686	the first time	1673:1686	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	10	53	theme	colon	1739:1743	arg1	cells					1752:1756	colon cancer cells	1739:1756	colon cancer cells	1739:1756	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	9	54	theme	tumor	1645:1649	arg1	microenvironment					1651:1666	the tumor microenvironment	1641:1666	the tumor microenvironment	1641:1666	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	7	55	theme	adhesion	1238:1245	arg1	characteristics					1247:1261	the cell focal adhesion characteristics	1223:1261	the cell focal adhesion characteristics	1223:1261	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	7	56	theme	subunits	1196:1203	arg1	expression					1173:1182	mRNA expression	1168:1182	mRNA expression of integrin subunits	1168:1203	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	7	57	theme	cells	1116:1120	arg1	integrins					1103:1111	several integrins	1095:1111	several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix	1095:1150	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	3	58	theme	cell	499:502	arg1	imaging					488:494	realistic imaging	478:494	realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels	478:551	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	7	59	theme	cell	1227:1230	arg1	characteristics					1247:1261	the cell focal adhesion characteristics	1223:1261	the cell focal adhesion characteristics	1223:1261	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	7	60	theme	integrins	1103:1111	arg1	expression					1081:1090	the mRNA expression	1072:1090	the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix	1072:1150	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	5	61	theme	biofabricated	832:844	arg1	hydrogels					846:854	two biofabricated hydrogels	828:854	two biofabricated hydrogels	828:854	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	4	62	theme	structural	644:653	arg1	architecture					655:666	structural architecture	644:666	structural architecture	644:666	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	7	63	theme	mRNA	1076:1079	arg1	expression					1081:1090	the mRNA expression	1072:1090	the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix	1072:1150	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	10	64	theme	physiological	1786:1798	arg1	attachment					1805:1814	their physiological cell attachment	1780:1814	their physiological cell attachment	1780:1814	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	0	65	theme	Adhesion	111:118	arg1	Characteristics					120:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	11	66	dep	in	1904:1905	arg1	vitro					1907:1911	vitro	1907:1911	vitro	1907:1911	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	5	67	theme	HCT116	812:817	arg1	cells					819:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	human colon cancer HCT116 cells	793:823	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	11	68	theme	different	1937:1945	arg1	aspects					1947:1953	different aspects	1937:1953	different aspects of tumor cell behavior	1937:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	0	69	theme	HCT116	150:155	arg1	Cells					163:167	Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells	139:167	Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells	139:167	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	5	70	theme	cross-linked	886:897	arg1	matrixes					926:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	0	71	theme	Cells	163:167	arg1	Characteristics					120:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	0	71	theme	Cells	163:167	arg1	Viability					96:104	Viability	96:104	Viability	96:104	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	0	71	theme	Cells	163:167	arg1	Comparison					66:75	Comparison	66:75	Comparison of Cell Spreading	66:93	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	11	72	theme	cell	1964:1967	arg1	behavior					1969:1976	tumor cell behavior	1958:1976	tumor cell behavior	1958:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	9	73	theme	ADA-GEL	1517:1523	arg1	hydrogel					1525:1532	ADA-GEL hydrogel	1517:1532	ADA-GEL hydrogel	1517:1532	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	9	73	theme	ADA-GEL	1517:1523	arg1	system					1556:1561	a more suitable 3D system	1537:1561	a more suitable 3D system	1537:1561	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	4	74	theme	ECM	714:716	arg1	architecture					655:666	structural architecture	644:666	structural architecture	644:666	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	4	74	theme	ECM	714:716	arg1	functions					697:705	biological functions	686:705	biological functions	686:705	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	4	74	theme	ECM	714:716	arg1	composition					669:679	composition	669:679	composition	669:679	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	9	75	theme	tumor	1488:1492	arg1	cells					1494:1498	HCT116 tumor cells	1481:1498	HCT116 tumor cells	1481:1498	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	6	76	theme	highest	996:1002	arg1	proliferation					1004:1016	proliferation	1004:1016	proliferation	1004:1016	Our data indicate that cells from the ADA-GEL matrix showed highest proliferation and cellular networks through the material.
27269631	8	77	theme	ADA-GEL	1303:1309	arg1	cells					1323:1327	recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells	1292:1327	recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells	1292:1327	Furthermore, we showed that recultured ADA-GEL immobilized cells do not differ from parental HCT116 cells regarding migration and proliferation capabilities.
27269631	7	78	theme	integrin	1187:1194	arg1	subunits					1196:1203	integrin subunits	1187:1203	integrin subunits	1187:1203	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	0	79	theme	Cell	80:83	arg1	Spreading					85:93	Cell Spreading	80:93	Cell Spreading	80:93	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	5	80	from	behavior	781:788	arg1	hydrogels					846:854	two biofabricated hydrogels	828:854	two biofabricated hydrogels	828:854	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	4	81	theme	biological	686:695	arg1	functions					697:705	biological functions	686:705	biological functions	686:705	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	9	82	theme	3D	1553:1554	arg1	hydrogel					1525:1532	ADA-GEL hydrogel	1517:1532	ADA-GEL hydrogel	1517:1532	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	9	82	theme	3D	1553:1554	arg1	system					1556:1561	a more suitable 3D system	1537:1561	a more suitable 3D system	1537:1561	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	2	83	used	used	351:354	arg2	gelatin					327:333	gelatin	327:333	gelatin	327:333	Among the naturally occurring biopolymers, alginate and gelatin are extensively used for many biomedical applications.
27269631	2	83	used	used	351:354	arg2	alginate					314:321	alginate	314:321	alginate	314:321	Among the naturally occurring biopolymers, alginate and gelatin are extensively used for many biomedical applications.
27269631	7	84	theme	mRNA	1168:1171	arg1	expression					1173:1182	mRNA expression	1168:1182	mRNA expression of integrin subunits	1168:1203	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	9	85	theme	cells	1494:1498	arg1	characteristics					1462:1476	adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics	1432:1476	characteristics	1462:1476	Comparing adhesion and other phenotypic characteristics of HCT116 tumor cells, we suggest that ADA-GEL hydrogel is a more suitable 3D system than pure alginate and seems to optimally mimic the physiological behavior of the tumor microenvironment.
27269631	11	86	theme	in	1904:1905	arg1	model					1922:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model	1893:1926	a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior	1893:1976	We strongly believe that it will be applicable as a suitable in vitro 3D tumor model to study different aspects of tumor cell behavior.
27269631	3	87	dep	cell	499:502	arg1	spreading					504:512	spreading	504:512	spreading	504:512	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	4	88	theme	cancer	722:727	arg1	approaches					738:747	cancer research approaches	722:747	cancer research approaches	722:747	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	2	89	theme	many	360:363	arg1	applications					376:387	many biomedical applications	360:387	many biomedical applications	360:387	Among the naturally occurring biopolymers, alginate and gelatin are extensively used for many biomedical applications.
27269631	0	90	theme	Alginate-Based	21:34	arg1	Hydrogel					36:43	3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel	18:43	3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel	18:43	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	5	91	dep	follows	859:865	arg1	alginate					873:880	pure alginate	868:880	pure alginate	868:880	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	5	91	dep	follows	859:865	arg1	matrixes					926:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	3	92	theme	cell	457:460	arg1	constructs					420:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	biofabrication constructs	405:429	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	3	92	theme	cell	457:460	arg1	models					470:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models	434:475	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	5	93	theme	cell	776:779	arg1	behavior					781:788	the cell behavior	772:788	the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels	772:854	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	10	94	theme	functional	1702:1711	arg1	construct					1725:1733	a functional 3D hydrogel construct	1700:1733	a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability	1700:1840	For the first time, we present a functional 3D hydrogel construct for colon cancer cells, which are supporting their physiological cell attachment, spreading, and viability.
27269631	0	95	dep	Biofabrication	0:13	arg1	Characteristics					120:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Adhesion Characteristics	111:134	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	0	95	dep	Biofabrication	0:13	arg1	Viability					96:104	Viability	96:104	Viability	96:104	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	0	95	dep	Biofabrication	0:13	arg1	Comparison					66:75	Comparison	66:75	Comparison of Cell Spreading	66:93	Biofabrication of 3D Alginate-Based Hydrogel for Cancer Research: Comparison of Cell Spreading, Viability, and Adhesion Characteristics of Colorectal HCT116 Tumor Cells.
27269631	5	96	link	cross-linked	886:897	arg1	matrixes					926:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes	886:933	For this, we compared the cell behavior of human colon cancer HCT116 cells in two biofabricated hydrogels as follows: pure alginate and cross-linked alginate-gelatin (ADA-GEL) matrixes.
27269631	3	97	theme	realistic	478:486	arg1	imaging					488:494	realistic imaging	478:494	realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels	478:551	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
27269631	4	98	dep	architecture	655:666	arg1	the					640:642	the	640:642	the	640:642	Therefore, we aimed to establish a system that can mimic the structural architecture, composition, and biological functions of the ECM for cancer research approaches.
27269631	7	99	theme	focal	1232:1236	arg1	characteristics					1247:1261	the cell focal adhesion characteristics	1223:1261	the cell focal adhesion characteristics	1223:1261	Analyzing the mRNA expression of several integrins of cells cultured inside of the matrix, we showed that mRNA expression of integrin subunits differed based on the cell focal adhesion characteristics.
27269631	3	100	theme	proliferation	518:530	arg1	imaging					488:494	realistic imaging	478:494	realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels	478:551	For developing biofabrication constructs as three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models, realistic imaging of cell spreading and proliferation inside the hydrogels represents a major challenge.
26409783	2	0	theme	micron-scale	555:566	arg1	struts					604:609	micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts	555:609	micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink	555:643	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	1	1	theme	various	381:387	arg1	types					394:398	various cell types	381:398	various cell types	381:398	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	8	2	theme	Cell	1360:1363	arg1	proliferation					1365:1377	Cell proliferation	1360:1377	Cell proliferation	1360:1377	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	1	3	theme	cell	389:392	arg1	types					394:398	various cell types	381:398	various cell types	381:398	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	1	4	from	delivery	369:376	arg1	regions					423:429	well-defined target regions	403:429	well-defined target regions	403:429	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	1	5	theme	Cell-printing	171:183	arg1	technology					185:194	Cell-printing technology	171:194	Cell-printing technology	171:194	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	1	6	theme	several	271:277	arg1	shortcomings					279:290	several shortcomings	271:290	several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	271:352	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	8	7	from	excess	1517:1522	arg1	control					1551:1557	the control	1547:1557	the control	1547:1557	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	1	8	theme	types	394:398	arg1	delivery					369:376	controlled delivery	358:376	controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions	358:429	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	9	9	theme	greater	1675:1681	arg1	∼3.2-fold					1693:1701	∼3.2-fold	1693:1701	∼3.2-fold	1693:1701	Furthermore, the osteogenic activity such as ALP was measured, and the cell-laden scaffold exhibited significantly greater activity (∼3.2-fold) compared with the control scaffold.
26409783	9	9	theme	greater	1675:1681	arg1	activity					1683:1690	significantly greater activity	1661:1690	significantly greater activity (∼3.2-fold)	1661:1702	Furthermore, the osteogenic activity such as ALP was measured, and the cell-laden scaffold exhibited significantly greater activity (∼3.2-fold) compared with the control scaffold.
26409783	6	10	theme	material	1194:1201	arg1	composition					1203:1213	the same material composition	1185:1213	the same material composition	1185:1213	The laden cells exhibited a substantially more developed cytoskeleton compared with those on a control scaffold consisting of the same material composition.
26409783	4	11	theme	PCL/alginate	928:939	arg1	struts					941:946	the PCL/alginate struts	924:946	the PCL/alginate struts	924:946	We systematically varied the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent, and determined the optimal cell-coating conditions to form the PCL/alginate struts.
26409783	0	12	theme	mesh	123:126	arg1	structure					128:136	a PCL/alginate mesh structure	108:136	a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue	108:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	1	13	theme	well-defined	403:414	arg1	regions					423:429	well-defined target regions	403:429	well-defined target regions	403:429	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	4	14	theme	cell-coating	892:903	arg1	conditions					905:914	the optimal cell-coating conditions	880:914	the optimal cell-coating conditions	880:914	We systematically varied the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent, and determined the optimal cell-coating conditions to form the PCL/alginate struts.
26409783	0	15	theme	PCL/alginate	110:121	arg1	structure					128:136	a PCL/alginate mesh structure	108:136	a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue	108:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	1	16	theme	target	416:421	arg1	regions					423:429	well-defined target regions	403:429	well-defined target regions	403:429	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	2	17	dep	obtain	475:480	arg1	reinforced					495:504	reinforced	495:504	to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink	472:643	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	0	18	theme	reinforced	13:22	arg1	cell-laden					24:33	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden	0:33	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden	0:33	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	3	19	theme	PCL/alginate	763:774	arg1	scaffold					705:712	a scaffold	703:712	a scaffold composed of pure alginate	703:738	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	3	19	theme	PCL/alginate	763:774	arg1	struts					776:781	coated PCL/alginate struts	756:781	coated PCL/alginate struts	756:781	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	3	19	theme	PCL/alginate	763:774	arg1	control					788:794	a control	786:794	a control	786:794	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	3	20	used	used	698:701	arg2	we					695:696	we	695:696	we	695:696	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	9	21	theme	osteogenic	1577:1586	arg1	activity					1588:1595	the osteogenic activity	1573:1595	the osteogenic activity such as ALP	1573:1607	Furthermore, the osteogenic activity such as ALP was measured, and the cell-laden scaffold exhibited significantly greater activity (∼3.2-fold) compared with the control scaffold.
26409783	8	22	theme	that	1539:1542	arg1	∼2.4-fold					1525:1533	∼2.4-fold	1525:1533	∼2.4-fold	1525:1533	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	8	22	theme	that	1539:1542	arg1	excess					1517:1522	excess	1517:1522	excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control	1517:1557	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	9	23	theme	control	1722:1728	arg1	scaffold					1730:1737	the control scaffold	1718:1737	the control scaffold	1718:1737	Furthermore, the osteogenic activity such as ALP was measured, and the cell-laden scaffold exhibited significantly greater activity (∼3.2-fold) compared with the control scaffold.
26409783	1	24	theme	conventional	295:306	arg1	strategies					343:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	3	25	theme	pure	726:729	arg1	alginate					731:738	pure alginate	726:738	pure alginate	726:738	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	1	26	theme	scaffold-based	308:321	arg1	strategies					343:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	8	27	theme	cell-printed	1474:1485	arg1	scaffold					1487:1494	the cell-printed scaffold	1470:1494	the cell-printed scaffold	1470:1494	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	5	28	theme	PCL/alginate	996:1007	arg1	scaffold					1009:1016	the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold	974:1016	the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold	974:1016	Following fabrication of the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold, the bioactivity was evaluated in vitro.
26409783	1	29	theme	new	211:213	arg1	paradigm					215:222	a new paradigm	209:222	a new paradigm for biofabrication	209:241	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	5	30	theme	-laden	989:994	arg1	scaffold					1009:1016	the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold	974:1016	the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold	974:1016	Following fabrication of the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold, the bioactivity was evaluated in vitro.
26409783	1	31	theme	tissue	323:328	arg1	strategies					343:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	0	32	theme	structure	128:136	arg1	surface					97:103	the surface	93:103	the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue	93:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	5	33	theme	scaffold	1009:1016	arg1	fabrication					959:969	fabrication	959:969	fabrication of the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold	959:1016	Following fabrication of the cell (MG63)-laden PCL/alginate scaffold, the bioactivity was evaluated in vitro.
26409783	8	34	from	control	1551:1557	arg1	∼2.4-fold					1525:1533	∼2.4-fold	1525:1533	∼2.4-fold	1525:1533	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	8	34	from	control	1551:1557	arg1	excess					1517:1522	excess	1517:1522	excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control	1517:1557	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	1	35	theme	regeneration	330:341	arg1	strategies					343:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	295:352	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	2	36	theme	/alginate	594:602	arg1	struts					604:609	micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts	555:609	micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink	555:643	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	2	37	theme	cell-printing	451:463	arg1	method					465:470	a cell-printing method	449:470	a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink	449:643	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	9	38	theme	cell-laden	1631:1640	arg1	scaffold					1642:1649	the cell-laden scaffold	1627:1649	the cell-laden scaffold	1627:1649	Furthermore, the osteogenic activity such as ALP was measured, and the cell-laden scaffold exhibited significantly greater activity (∼3.2-fold) compared with the control scaffold.
26409783	1	39	theme	strategies	343:352	arg1	shortcomings					279:290	several shortcomings	271:290	several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies	271:352	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	8	40	theme	scaffold	1487:1494	arg1	proliferation					1453:1465	the proliferation	1449:1465	the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold	1449:1494	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	3	41	theme	physical	661:668	arg1	activities					683:692	the physical and cellular activities	657:692	the physical and cellular activities	657:692	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	8	42	theme	MTT	1398:1400	arg1	assays					1402:1407	MTT assays	1398:1407	MTT assays	1398:1407	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	7	43	theme	printed	1244:1250	arg1	cells					1252:1256	the printed cells	1240:1256	the printed cells	1240:1256	Based on these results, the printed cells exhibited a significantly more homogenous distribution within the scaffold compared with the control.
26409783	0	44	theme	tissue	163:168	arg1	regeneration					142:153	regeneration	142:153	regeneration of hard tissue	142:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	7	45	theme	homogenous	1289:1298	arg1	distribution					1300:1311	a significantly more homogenous distribution	1268:1311	a significantly more homogenous distribution within the scaffold	1268:1331	Based on these results, the printed cells exhibited a significantly more homogenous distribution within the scaffold compared with the control.
26409783	8	46	theme	culture	1436:1442	arg1	days					1428:1431	1, 3, 7, and 14 days	1412:1431	1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture	1412:1442	Cell proliferation was determined via MTT assays at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of culture, and the proliferation of the cell-printed scaffold was substantially in excess (∼2.4-fold) of that on the control.
26409783	3	47	theme	coated	756:761	arg1	scaffold					705:712	a scaffold	703:712	a scaffold composed of pure alginate	703:738	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	3	47	theme	coated	756:761	arg1	struts					776:781	coated PCL/alginate struts	756:781	coated PCL/alginate struts	756:781	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	3	47	theme	coated	756:761	arg1	control					788:794	a control	786:794	a control	786:794	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	6	48	theme	same	1189:1192	arg1	composition					1203:1213	the same material composition	1185:1213	the same material composition	1185:1213	The laden cells exhibited a substantially more developed cytoskeleton compared with those on a control scaffold consisting of the same material composition.
26409783	0	49	theme	alginate-based	58:71	arg1	bioink					73:78	alginate-based bioink	58:78	alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue	58:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	1	50	theme	controlled	358:367	arg1	delivery					369:376	controlled delivery	358:376	controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions	358:429	Cell-printing technology has provided a new paradigm for biofabrication, with potential to overcome several shortcomings of conventional scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies via controlled delivery of various cell types in well-defined target regions.
26409783	0	51	theme	hard	158:161	arg1	tissue					163:168	hard tissue	158:168	hard tissue	158:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	2	52	theme	cell-embedded	520:532	arg1	scaffolds					534:542	multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds	506:542	multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds	506:542	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	4	53	theme	optimal	884:890	arg1	conditions					905:914	the optimal cell-coating conditions	880:914	the optimal cell-coating conditions	880:914	We systematically varied the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent, and determined the optimal cell-coating conditions to form the PCL/alginate struts.
26409783	4	54	theme	cross-linking	844:856	arg1	agent					858:862	alginate cross-linking agent	835:862	alginate cross-linking agent	835:862	We systematically varied the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent, and determined the optimal cell-coating conditions to form the PCL/alginate struts.
26409783	2	55	theme	alginate-based	623:636	arg1	bioink					638:643	alginate-based bioink	623:643	alginate-based bioink	623:643	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	4	56	theme	alginate	835:842	arg1	agent					858:862	alginate cross-linking agent	835:862	alginate cross-linking agent	835:862	We systematically varied the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent, and determined the optimal cell-coating conditions to form the PCL/alginate struts.
26409783	0	57	dep	scaffolds	35:43	arg1	formed					45:50	formed	45:50	scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue	35:168	Mechanically reinforced cell-laden scaffolds formed using alginate-based bioink printed onto the surface of a PCL/alginate mesh structure for regeneration of hard tissue.
26409783	6	58	theme	control	1154:1160	arg1	scaffold					1162:1169	a control scaffold	1152:1169	a control scaffold consisting of the same material composition	1152:1213	The laden cells exhibited a substantially more developed cytoskeleton compared with those on a control scaffold consisting of the same material composition.
26409783	7	59	theme	more	1284:1287	arg1	distribution					1300:1311	a significantly more homogenous distribution	1268:1311	a significantly more homogenous distribution within the scaffold	1268:1331	Based on these results, the printed cells exhibited a significantly more homogenous distribution within the scaffold compared with the control.
26409783	4	60	theme	agent	858:862	arg1	ratio					826:830	the ratio	822:830	the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent	822:862	We systematically varied the ratio of alginate cross-linking agent, and determined the optimal cell-coating conditions to form the PCL/alginate struts.
26409783	6	61	theme	developed	1106:1114	arg1	cytoskeleton					1116:1127	a substantially more developed cytoskeleton	1085:1127	a substantially more developed cytoskeleton	1085:1127	The laden cells exhibited a substantially more developed cytoskeleton compared with those on a control scaffold consisting of the same material composition.
26409783	6	62	theme	laden	1063:1067	arg1	cells					1069:1073	The laden cells	1059:1073	The laden cells	1059:1073	The laden cells exhibited a substantially more developed cytoskeleton compared with those on a control scaffold consisting of the same material composition.
26409783	2	63	theme	poly	568:571	arg1	struts					604:609	micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts	555:609	micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink	555:643	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
26409783	3	64	theme	cellular	674:681	arg1	activities					683:692	the physical and cellular activities	657:692	the physical and cellular activities	657:692	To compare the physical and cellular activities, we used a scaffold composed of pure alginate (without cells) coated PCL/alginate struts as a control.
26409783	2	65	theme	multi-layered	506:518	arg1	scaffolds					534:542	multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds	506:542	multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds	506:542	Here we describe a cell-printing method to obtain mechanically reinforced multi-layered cell-embedded scaffolds, formed of micron-scale poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/alginate struts coated with alginate-based bioink.
25240021	9	0	theme	novel	1219:1223	arg1	species					1225:1231	a novel species	1217:1231	a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	1217:1260	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	7	1	theme	Polar	919:923	arg1	lipids					925:930	Polar lipids	919:930	Polar lipids	919:930	Polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phosphoglycolipid, one unknown glycolipid, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown lipid.
25240021	2	2	theme	non-flagellated	98:112	arg1	KIS12-7					137:143	KIS12-7	137:143	KIS12-7(T)	137:146	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	2	theme	non-flagellated	98:112	arg1	strain					129:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	7	3	theme	unknown	987:993	arg1	phosphoglycolipid					995:1011	one unknown phosphoglycolipid	983:1011	one unknown phosphoglycolipid	983:1011	Polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phosphoglycolipid, one unknown glycolipid, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown lipid.
25240021	3	4	theme	sequence	441:448	arg1	similarity					450:459	more than 97.0 % sequence similarity	424:459	more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %)	424:605	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	9	5	theme	species	1225:1231	arg1	sp					1297:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	5	theme	species	1225:1231	arg1	KIS12-7					1183:1189	strain KIS12-7	1176:1189	strain KIS12-7(T)	1176:1192	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	5	theme	species	1225:1231	arg1	representative					1199:1212	a representative	1197:1212	a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	1197:1260	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	10	6	theme	 = DSM	1350:1355	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	6	theme	 = DSM	1350:1355	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	%					604:604	97.3 %	599:604	97.3 %	599:604	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	T					501:501	T	501:501	T	501:501	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	%					555:555	97.7 %	550:555	97.7 %	550:555	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	koreensis					530:538	koreensis	530:538	koreensis	530:538	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	T					595:595	T	595:595	T	595:595	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	daejeonensis					482:493	daejeonensis	482:493	daejeonensis	482:493	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	T					546:546	T	546:546	T	546:546	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	%					510:510	98.0 %	505:510	98.0 %	505:510	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	7	with	similarity	450:459	arg1	kribbensis					578:587	kribbensis	578:587	kribbensis	578:587	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	8	theme	16S	319:321	arg1	sequence					333:340	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	315:340	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	315:340	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	4	9	theme	relatedness	625:635	arg1	values					637:642	DNA-DNA relatedness values	617:642	DNA-DNA relatedness values	617:642	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	10	10	theme	T	1363:1363	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	10	theme	T	1363:1363	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	8	11	theme	DNA	1117:1119	arg1	content					1094:1100	The G+C content	1086:1100	The G+C content of the genomic DNA	1086:1119	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	8	11	theme	DNA	1117:1119	arg1	%					1133:1133	72.1 mol%	1125:1133	72.1 mol%	1125:1133	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	2	12	theme	Korea	239:243	arg1	Daecheong-Island					192:207	Daecheong-Island	192:207	Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea	192:243	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	10	13	theme	 = NBRC	1381:1387	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	13	theme	 = NBRC	1381:1387	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	9	14	theme	genus	1240:1244	arg1	Gryllotalpicola					1246:1260	the genus Gryllotalpicola	1236:1260	the genus Gryllotalpicola	1236:1260	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	10	15	theme	T	1379:1379	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	15	theme	T	1379:1379	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	7	16	theme	unknown	1042:1048	arg1	phospholipid					1050:1061	one unknown phospholipid	1038:1061	one unknown phospholipid	1038:1061	Polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phosphoglycolipid, one unknown glycolipid, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown lipid.
25240021	9	17	theme	Gryllotalpicola	1246:1260	arg1	species					1225:1231	a novel species	1217:1231	a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	1217:1260	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	0	18	theme	soli	16:19	arg1	sp					21:22	Gryllotalpicola soli sp	0:22	Gryllotalpicola soli sp.	0:23	Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	19	theme	evidence	1156:1163	arg1	sp					1297:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	19	theme	evidence	1156:1163	arg1	KIS12-7					1183:1189	strain KIS12-7	1176:1189	strain KIS12-7(T)	1176:1192	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	19	theme	evidence	1156:1163	arg1	representative					1199:1212	a representative	1197:1212	a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	1197:1260	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	4	20	theme	related	724:730	arg1	species					732:738	closely related species	716:738	closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	716:767	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	2	21	theme	polyphasic	266:275	arg1	approach					277:284	a polyphasic approach	264:284	a polyphasic approach	264:284	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	22	from	Daecheong-Island	192:207	arg1	Republic					227:234	Republic	227:234	Republic	227:234	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	8	23	theme	genomic	1109:1115	arg1	DNA					1117:1119	the genomic DNA	1105:1119	the genomic DNA	1105:1119	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	0	24	theme	Gryllotalpicola	0:14	arg1	sp					21:22	Gryllotalpicola soli sp	0:22	Gryllotalpicola soli sp.	0:23	Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	2	25	theme	novel	53:57	arg1	KIS12-7					137:143	KIS12-7	137:143	KIS12-7(T)	137:146	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	25	theme	novel	53:57	arg1	strain					129:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	3	26	theme	rRNA	323:326	arg1	sequence					333:340	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	315:340	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	315:340	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	27	dep	similarity	450:459	arg1	%					439:439	%	439:439	%	439:439	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	28	theme	Gryllotalpicola	399:413	arg1	member					379:384	a member	377:384	a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola	377:413	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	28	theme	Gryllotalpicola	399:413	arg1	strain					366:371	the novel strain	356:371	the novel strain	356:371	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	29	theme	gene	328:331	arg1	sequence					333:340	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	315:340	the 16S rRNA gene sequence	315:340	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	9	30	theme	strain	1176:1181	arg1	T					1191:1191	T	1191:1191	T	1191:1191	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	30	theme	strain	1176:1181	arg1	KIS12-7					1183:1189	strain KIS12-7	1176:1189	strain KIS12-7(T)	1176:1192	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	30	theme	strain	1176:1181	arg1	representative					1199:1212	a representative	1197:1212	a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	1197:1260	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	5	31	theme	type	830:833	arg1	B2					835:836	the type B2	826:836	the type B2	826:836	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	5	32	theme	cell-wall	774:782	arg1	peptidoglycan					784:796	The cell-wall peptidoglycan	770:796	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T)	770:817	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	2	33	attach	isolated	149:156	arg2	KIS12-7					137:143	KIS12-7	137:143	KIS12-7(T)	137:146	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	33	attach	isolated	149:156	arg2	strain					129:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	33	attach	isolated	149:156	arg1	sample					170:175	a soil sample	163:175	a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea	163:243	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	3	34	theme	novel	360:364	arg1	member					379:384	a member	377:384	a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola	377:413	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	34	theme	novel	360:364	arg1	strain					366:371	the novel strain	356:371	the novel strain	356:371	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	3	35	dep	%	439:439	arg1	97.0 					434:438	97.0 	434:438	97.0 	434:438	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	9	36	theme	Gryllotalpicola	1276:1290	arg1	sp					1297:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	8	37	theme	mol	1130:1132	arg1	%					1133:1133	72.1 mol%	1125:1133	72.1 mol%	1125:1133	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	8	37	theme	mol	1130:1132	arg1	content					1094:1100	The G+C content	1086:1100	The G+C content of the genomic DNA	1086:1119	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	7	38	theme	unknown	1018:1024	arg1	glycolipid					1026:1035	one unknown glycolipid	1014:1035	one unknown glycolipid	1014:1035	Polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phosphoglycolipid, one unknown glycolipid, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown lipid.
25240021	2	39	theme	rod-shaped	86:95	arg1	KIS12-7					137:143	KIS12-7	137:143	KIS12-7(T)	137:146	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	39	theme	rod-shaped	86:95	arg1	strain					129:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	9	40	theme	soli	1292:1295	arg1	sp					1297:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	3	41	theme	genus	393:397	arg1	Gryllotalpicola					399:413	the genus Gryllotalpicola	389:413	the genus Gryllotalpicola	389:413	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	8	42	theme	G+C	1090:1092	arg1	content					1094:1100	The G+C content	1086:1100	The G+C content of the genomic DNA	1086:1119	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	8	42	theme	G+C	1090:1092	arg1	%					1133:1133	72.1 mol%	1125:1133	72.1 mol%	1125:1133	The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%.
25240021	9	43	dep	evidence	1156:1163	arg1	the					1139:1141	the	1139:1141	the	1139:1141	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	9	43	dep	evidence	1156:1163	arg1	basis					1143:1147	basis	1143:1147	basis	1143:1147	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	10	44	theme	type	1323:1326	arg1	KIS12-7					1338:1344	KIS12-7	1338:1344	KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T))	1338:1398	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	44	theme	type	1323:1326	arg1	strain					1328:1333	the type strain	1319:1333	the type strain	1319:1333	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	45	theme	 = KACC	1365:1371	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	45	theme	 = KACC	1365:1371	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	4	46	theme	Gryllotalpicola	753:767	arg1	species					732:738	closely related species	716:738	closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola	716:767	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	9	47	theme	name	1271:1274	arg1	sp					1297:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp	1267:1298	On the basis of the evidence presented, strain KIS12-7(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Gryllotalpicola, and the name Gryllotalpicola soli sp.
25240021	4	48	theme	genus	747:751	arg1	Gryllotalpicola					753:767	the genus Gryllotalpicola	743:767	the genus Gryllotalpicola	743:767	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	2	49	theme	Gram-stain-positive	59:77	arg1	KIS12-7					137:143	KIS12-7	137:143	KIS12-7(T)	137:146	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	49	theme	Gram-stain-positive	59:77	arg1	strain					129:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	50	theme	soil	165:168	arg1	sample					170:175	a soil sample	163:175	a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea	163:243	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	5	51	theme	strain	801:806	arg1	T					816:816	T	816:816	T	816:816	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	5	51	theme	strain	801:806	arg1	KIS12-7					808:814	strain KIS12-7	801:814	strain KIS12-7(T)	801:817	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	4	52	theme	DNA-DNA	617:623	arg1	values					637:642	DNA-DNA relatedness values	617:642	DNA-DNA relatedness values	617:642	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	10	53	dep	KIS12-7	1338:1344	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	53	dep	KIS12-7	1338:1344	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	4	54	theme	strain	662:667	arg1	T					677:677	T	677:677	T	677:677	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	4	54	theme	strain	662:667	arg1	KIS12-7					669:675	strain KIS12-7	662:675	strain KIS12-7(T)	662:678	However, DNA-DNA relatedness values demonstrated that strain KIS12-7(T) could be clearly distinguished from closely related species of the genus Gryllotalpicola.
25240021	5	55	theme	KIS12-7	808:814	arg1	peptidoglycan					784:796	The cell-wall peptidoglycan	770:796	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T)	770:817	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	3	56	theme	Phylogenetic	287:298	arg1	trees					300:304	Phylogenetic trees	287:304	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence	287:340	Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the novel strain was a member of the genus Gryllotalpicola, showing more than 97.0 % sequence similarity with Gryllotalpicola daejeonensis RU-04(T) (98.0 %), Gryllotalpicola koreensis RU-16(T) (97.7 %) and Gryllotalpicola kribbensis PU-02(T) (97.3 %).
25240021	6	57	theme	predominant	872:882	arg1	MK-11					902:906	MK-11	902:906	MK-11	902:906	The predominant menaquinones were MK-11 and MK-10.
25240021	6	57	theme	predominant	872:882	arg1	menaquinones					884:895	The predominant menaquinones	868:895	The predominant menaquinones	868:895	The predominant menaquinones were MK-11 and MK-10.
25240021	5	58	theme	acyl	846:849	arg1	acetyl					860:865	acetyl	860:865	acetyl	860:865	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	5	58	theme	acyl	846:849	arg1	type					851:854	the acyl type	842:854	the acyl type	842:854	The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain KIS12-7(T) was of the type B2 and the acyl type was acetyl.
25240021	10	59	theme	17302	1373:1377	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	59	theme	17302	1373:1377	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	2	60	theme	mesophilic	118:127	arg1	KIS12-7					137:143	KIS12-7	137:143	KIS12-7(T)	137:146	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	2	60	theme	mesophilic	118:127	arg1	strain					129:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain	51:134	A novel Gram-stain-positive, short rod-shaped, non-flagellated and mesophilic strain, KIS12-7(T), isolated from a soil sample collected from Daecheong-Island in Ongjin County, Republic of Korea, was studied using a polyphasic approach.
25240021	10	61	theme	27182	1357:1361	arg1	109659					1389:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659	1350:1394	 = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)	1350:1397	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	10	61	theme	27182	1357:1361	arg1	T					1396:1396	T	1396:1396	T	1396:1396	nov. is proposed; the type strain is KIS12-7(T) ( = DSM 27182(T) = KACC 17302(T) = NBRC 109659(T)).
25240021	7	62	theme	unknown	1071:1077	arg1	lipid					1079:1083	one unknown lipid	1067:1083	one unknown lipid	1067:1083	Polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown phosphoglycolipid, one unknown glycolipid, one unknown phospholipid and one unknown lipid.
25001967	4	0	theme	metabolic	883:891	arg1	outcomes					893:900	metabolic outcomes	883:900	metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model	883:926	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	4	1	dep	CVS	812:814	arg1	exposure					829:836	exposure	829:836	CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks	812:877	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	4	2	theme	variable	786:793	arg1	paradigm					802:809	a chronic variable stress paradigm	776:809	a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks)	776:878	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	2	3	from	progression	378:388	arg1	patients					406:413	human patients	400:413	human patients	400:413	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	1	4	theme	burden	140:145	arg1	incidence					97:105	The incidence	93:105	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it	93:148	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	1	5	theme	compels	204:210	arg1	whole					197:201	whole	197:201	whole	197:201	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	1	5	theme	compels	204:210	arg1	research					212:219	compels research	204:219	compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease	204:276	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	7	6	theme	body	1407:1410	arg1	weight					1412:1417	body weight	1407:1417	body weight	1407:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	4	7	theme	chronic	778:784	arg1	paradigm					802:809	a chronic variable stress paradigm	776:809	a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks)	776:878	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	5	8	theme	prediabetic	974:984	arg1	rats					986:989	prediabetic rats	974:989	prediabetic rats	974:989	Chronic stress improved glucose tolerance in prediabetic rats following a glucose challenge.
25001967	3	9	theme	unlimited	623:631	arg1	access					633:638	unlimited access	623:638	unlimited access to normal chow	623:653	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	4	10	theme	paradigm	802:809	arg1	effects					765:771	the effects	761:771	the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model	761:926	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	6	11	theme	decreased	1137:1145	arg1	intake					1152:1157	the decreased food intake	1133:1157	the decreased food intake	1133:1157	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	6	12	theme	stress	1106:1111	arg1	effect					1088:1093	the beneficial effect	1073:1093	the beneficial effect of chronic stress	1073:1111	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	3	13	theme	dietary	509:515	arg1	model					517:521	a dietary model	507:521	a dietary model	507:521	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	4	14	theme	unpredictable	844:856	arg1	stressor					858:865	an unpredictable stressor	841:865	an unpredictable stressor	841:865	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	5	15	theme	glucose	1003:1009	arg1	challenge					1011:1019	a glucose challenge	1001:1019	a glucose challenge	1001:1019	Chronic stress improved glucose tolerance in prediabetic rats following a glucose challenge.
25001967	4	16	theme	stress	795:800	arg1	paradigm					802:809	a chronic variable stress paradigm	776:809	a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks)	776:878	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	2	17	theme	chronic	316:322	arg1	exposure					331:338	chronic stress exposure	316:338	chronic stress exposure	316:338	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	3	18	from	rats	551:554	arg1	model					517:521	a dietary model	507:521	a dietary model	507:521	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	7	19	theme	disease	1332:1338	arg1	progression					1292:1302	the progression	1288:1302	the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight	1288:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	3	20	theme	chronic	451:457	arg1	stress					459:464	chronic stress	451:464	chronic stress	451:464	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	3	21	theme	T2D	489:491	arg1	stress					459:464	chronic stress	451:464	chronic stress	451:464	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	3	21	theme	T2D	489:491	arg1	progression					474:484	the progression	470:484	the progression of T2D	470:491	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	6	22	theme	chronic	1200:1206	arg1	stress					1208:1213	chronic stress	1200:1213	chronic stress	1200:1213	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	3	23	theme	normal	643:648	arg1	chow					650:653	normal chow	643:653	normal chow	643:653	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	6	24	theme	weight	1167:1172	arg1	gain					1174:1177	body weight gain	1162:1177	body weight gain	1162:1177	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	7	25	from	stress	1255:1260	arg1	rodents					1265:1271	rodents	1265:1271	rodents	1265:1271	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	0	26	theme	Chronic	0:6	arg1	stress					17:22	Chronic variable stress	0:22	Chronic variable stress	0:22	Chronic variable stress improves glucose tolerance in rats with sucrose-induced prediabetes.
25001967	7	27	theme	food	1391:1394	arg1	intake					1396:1401	food intake	1391:1401	food intake	1391:1401	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	7	28	theme	chronic	1247:1253	arg1	stress					1255:1260	chronic stress	1247:1260	chronic stress in rodents	1247:1271	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	0	29	theme	variable	8:15	arg1	stress					17:22	Chronic variable stress	0:22	Chronic variable stress	0:22	Chronic variable stress improves glucose tolerance in rats with sucrose-induced prediabetes.
25001967	6	30	theme	beneficial	1077:1086	arg1	effect					1088:1093	the beneficial effect	1073:1093	the beneficial effect of chronic stress	1073:1111	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	6	31	theme	body	1162:1165	arg1	gain					1174:1177	body weight gain	1162:1177	body weight gain	1162:1177	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	1	32	dep	burden	140:145	arg1	it					147:148	it	147:148	it	147:148	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	4	33	from	outcomes	893:900	arg1	model					922:926	this prediabetic model	905:926	this prediabetic model	905:926	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	2	34	theme	human	400:404	arg1	patients					406:413	human patients	400:413	human patients	400:413	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	7	35	theme	independent	1340:1350	arg1	disease					1332:1338	diet-induced prediabetic disease	1307:1338	diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight	1307:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	7	36	theme	diet-induced	1307:1318	arg1	disease					1332:1338	diet-induced prediabetic disease	1307:1338	diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight	1307:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	2	37	theme	T2D	393:395	arg1	progression					378:388	progression	378:388	progression	378:388	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	2	37	theme	T2D	393:395	arg1	development					362:372	development	362:372	development	362:372	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	3	38	dep	access	633:638	arg1	addition					611:618	addition	611:618	addition	611:618	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	3	39	theme	%	588:588	arg1	solution					598:605	30% sucrose solution	586:605	30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water)	586:664	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	1	40	theme	type-2	110:115	arg1	T2D					127:129	T2D	127:129	T2D	127:129	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	1	40	theme	type-2	110:115	arg1	diabetes					117:124	type-2 diabetes	110:124	type-2 diabetes (T2D)	110:130	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	3	41	from	state	542:546	arg1	rats					551:554	rats	551:554	rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water)	551:664	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	7	42	theme	present	1220:1226	arg1	work					1228:1231	The present work	1216:1231	The present work	1216:1231	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	4	43	dep	paradigm	802:809	arg1	CVS					812:814	CVS	812:814	CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks	812:877	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	3	44	theme	sucrose	590:596	arg1	solution					598:605	30% sucrose solution	586:605	30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water)	586:664	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	3	45	theme	state	542:546	arg1	model					517:521	a dietary model	507:521	a dietary model	507:521	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	7	46	theme	decreases	1378:1386	arg1	independent					1340:1350	independent	1340:1350	independent	1340:1350	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	0	47	theme	glucose	33:39	arg1	tolerance					41:49	glucose tolerance	33:49	glucose tolerance	33:49	Chronic variable stress improves glucose tolerance in rats with sucrose-induced prediabetes.
25001967	3	48	theme	glucose	689:695	arg1	tolerance					697:705	impaired glucose tolerance	680:705	impaired glucose tolerance	680:705	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	2	49	dep	development	362:372	arg1	the					358:360	the	358:360	the	358:360	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	3	50	theme	impaired	680:687	arg1	tolerance					697:705	impaired glucose tolerance	680:705	impaired glucose tolerance	680:705	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	4	51	theme	prediabetic	910:920	arg1	model					922:926	this prediabetic model	905:926	this prediabetic model	905:926	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	3	52	theme	30	586:587	arg1	%					588:588	%	588:588	%	588:588	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	5	53	theme	Chronic	929:935	arg1	stress					937:942	Chronic stress	929:942	Chronic stress	929:942	Chronic stress improved glucose tolerance in prediabetic rats following a glucose challenge.
25001967	4	54	from	effects	765:771	arg1	outcomes					893:900	metabolic outcomes	883:900	metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model	883:926	We then investigated the effects of a chronic variable stress paradigm (CVS; twice daily exposure to an unpredictable stressor for 2 weeks) on metabolic outcomes in this prediabetic model.
25001967	1	55	theme	diabetes	117:124	arg1	incidence					97:105	The incidence	93:105	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it	93:148	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	6	56	theme	chronic	1098:1104	arg1	stress					1106:1111	chronic stress	1098:1111	chronic stress	1098:1111	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	3	57	theme	prediabetic	530:540	arg1	state					542:546	the prediabetic state	526:546	the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water)	526:664	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	6	58	theme	control	1044:1050	arg1	groups					1052:1057	pair-fed control groups	1035:1057	pair-fed control groups	1035:1057	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	1	59	theme	disease	270:276	arg1	factors					238:244	factors	238:244	factors	238:244	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	1	59	theme	disease	270:276	arg1	causes					230:235	the causes	226:235	the causes	226:235	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	1	59	theme	disease	270:276	arg1	progression					250:260	progression	250:260	progression of this disease	250:276	The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease.
25001967	5	60	theme	glucose	953:959	arg1	tolerance					961:969	glucose tolerance	953:969	glucose tolerance	953:969	Chronic stress improved glucose tolerance in prediabetic rats following a glucose challenge.
25001967	3	61	theme	unlimited	566:574	arg1	access					576:581	unlimited access	566:581	unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water)	566:664	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	6	62	theme	food	1147:1150	arg1	intake					1152:1157	the decreased food intake	1133:1157	the decreased food intake	1133:1157	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	2	63	theme	Epidemiological	279:293	arg1	studies					295:301	Epidemiological studies	279:301	Epidemiological studies	279:301	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	3	64	theme	insulin	724:730	arg1	levels					732:737	elevated insulin levels	715:737	elevated insulin levels	715:737	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	7	65	theme	chronic	1355:1361	arg1	decreases					1378:1386	chronic stress-induced decreases	1355:1386	chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight	1355:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	7	66	theme	stress-induced	1363:1376	arg1	decreases					1378:1386	chronic stress-induced decreases	1355:1386	chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight	1355:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	0	67	with	rats	54:57	arg1	prediabetes					80:90	sucrose-induced prediabetes	64:90	sucrose-induced prediabetes	64:90	Chronic variable stress improves glucose tolerance in rats with sucrose-induced prediabetes.
25001967	3	68	from	model	517:521	arg1	rats					551:554	rats	551:554	rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water)	551:664	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
25001967	6	69	theme	pair-fed	1035:1042	arg1	groups					1052:1057	pair-fed control groups	1035:1057	pair-fed control groups	1035:1057	Importantly, pair-fed control groups revealed that the beneficial effect of chronic stress did not result from the decreased food intake or body weight gain that occurred during chronic stress.
25001967	0	70	theme	sucrose-induced	64:78	arg1	prediabetes					80:90	sucrose-induced prediabetes	64:90	sucrose-induced prediabetes	64:90	Chronic variable stress improves glucose tolerance in rats with sucrose-induced prediabetes.
25001967	7	71	from	decreases	1378:1386	arg1	intake					1396:1401	food intake	1391:1401	food intake	1391:1401	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	7	71	from	decreases	1378:1386	arg1	weight					1412:1417	body weight	1407:1417	body weight	1407:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	2	72	from	development	362:372	arg1	patients					406:413	human patients	400:413	human patients	400:413	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	2	73	theme	stress	324:329	arg1	exposure					331:338	chronic stress exposure	316:338	chronic stress exposure	316:338	Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute to the development and progression of T2D in human patients.
25001967	7	74	theme	prediabetic	1320:1330	arg1	disease					1332:1338	diet-induced prediabetic disease	1307:1338	diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight	1307:1417	The present work suggests that chronic stress in rodents can ameliorate the progression of diet-induced prediabetic disease independent of chronic stress-induced decreases in food intake and body weight.
25001967	3	75	theme	elevated	715:722	arg1	levels					732:737	elevated insulin levels	715:737	elevated insulin levels	715:737	To address the interaction between chronic stress and the progression of T2D, we developed a dietary model of the prediabetic state in rats utilizing unlimited access to 30% sucrose solution (in addition to unlimited access to normal chow and water), which led to impaired glucose tolerance despite elevated insulin levels.
26867221	10	0	theme	comprehensive	1444:1456	arg1	overview					1458:1465	a new and comprehensive overview	1434:1465	a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves	1434:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	6	1	theme	leaflet	946:952	arg1	structure					954:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure	920:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure	920:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure is present before birth, but becomes more distinct with age.
26867221	6	1	theme	leaflet	946:952	arg1	present					967:973	present	967:973	present	967:973	The typical three-layered leaflet structure is present before birth, but becomes more distinct with age.
26867221	10	2	theme	new	1436:1438	arg1	overview					1458:1465	a new and comprehensive overview	1434:1465	a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves	1434:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	6	3	theme	typical	924:930	arg1	structure					954:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure	920:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure	920:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure is present before birth, but becomes more distinct with age.
26867221	6	3	theme	typical	924:930	arg1	present					967:973	present	967:973	present	967:973	The typical three-layered leaflet structure is present before birth, but becomes more distinct with age.
26867221	10	4	theme	changes	1474:1480	arg1	overview					1458:1465	a new and comprehensive overview	1434:1465	a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves	1434:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	10	5	dep	fetal	1518:1522	arg1	to					1524:1525	to	1524:1525	to	1524:1525	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	10	5	dep	fetal	1518:1522	arg1	adult					1527:1531	adult	1527:1531	adult	1527:1531	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	1	6	theme	structural	180:189	arg1	properties					206:215	age-specific structural and functional properties	167:215	age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves	167:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	8	7	theme	valves-the	1221:1230	arg1	matrix					1232:1237	aortic valves-the matrix	1214:1237	aortic valves-the matrix	1214:1237	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	11	8	from	composition	1865:1875	arg1	dimensions					1843:1852	valve dimensions	1837:1852	valve dimensions	1837:1852	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	8	9	theme	cross-links	1291:1301	arg1	reduction					1309:1317	a reduction	1307:1317	a reduction in glycosaminoglycans	1307:1339	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	8	9	theme	cross-links	1291:1301	arg1	cross-links					1291:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	8	9	theme	cross-links	1291:1301	arg1	amount					1259:1264	an increasing amount	1245:1264	an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links	1245:1301	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	3	10	theme	mechanical	599:608	arg1	properties					610:619	mechanical properties	599:619	mechanical properties	599:619	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	1	11	theme	functional	195:204	arg1	properties					206:215	age-specific structural and functional properties	167:215	age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves	167:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	11	12	from	changes	1826:1832	arg1	dimensions					1843:1852	valve dimensions	1837:1852	valve dimensions	1837:1852	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	10	13	theme	tissue	1630:1635	arg1	engineering					1637:1647	tissue engineering	1630:1647	tissue engineering of heart valves	1630:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	7	14	theme	quiescent	1100:1108	arg1	phenotype					1110:1118	a quiescent phenotype	1098:1118	a quiescent phenotype	1098:1118	After birth, cell numbers decrease rapidly, while remaining cells obtain a quiescent phenotype and reside in the ventricularis and spongiosa.
26867221	8	15	theme	increasing	1248:1257	arg1	cross-links					1291:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	8	15	theme	increasing	1248:1257	arg1	amount					1259:1264	an increasing amount	1245:1264	an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links	1245:1301	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	11	16	from	changes	1727:1733	arg1	properties					1783:1792	consequent mechanical properties	1761:1792	consequent mechanical properties	1761:1792	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	11	16	from	changes	1727:1733	arg1	composition					1745:1755	matrix composition	1738:1755	matrix composition	1738:1755	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	5	17	theme	leaflet	875:881	arg1	dimensions					883:892	leaflet dimensions	875:892	leaflet dimensions	875:892	Valve annulus and leaflet dimensions increase throughout life.
26867221	10	18	theme	valves	1658:1663	arg1	engineering					1637:1647	tissue engineering	1630:1647	tissue engineering of heart valves	1630:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	11	19	theme	older	1880:1884	arg1	age					1886:1888	older age	1880:1888	older age	1880:1888	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	7	20	theme	remaining	1075:1083	arg1	cells					1085:1089	remaining cells	1075:1089	remaining cells	1075:1089	After birth, cell numbers decrease rapidly, while remaining cells obtain a quiescent phenotype and reside in the ventricularis and spongiosa.
26867221	3	21	from	morphology	587:596	arg1	pairs					657:661	16 pairs	654:661	16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	654:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	2	22	theme	age-specific	511:522	arg1	information					524:534	age-specific information	511:534	age-specific information for living valve replacements	511:564	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	0	23	theme	Mechanical	58:67	arg1	Properties					69:78	Mechanical Properties	58:78	Mechanical Properties	58:78	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	3	24	theme	leaflets	640:647	arg1	maturation					626:635	maturation	626:635	maturation	626:635	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	24	theme	leaflets	640:647	arg1	properties					610:619	mechanical properties	599:619	mechanical properties	599:619	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	24	theme	leaflets	640:647	arg1	composition					574:584	Tissue composition	567:584	Tissue composition	567:584	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	24	theme	leaflets	640:647	arg1	morphology					587:596	morphology	587:596	morphology	587:596	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	1	25	theme	limited	141:147	arg1	information					149:159	limited information	141:159	limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves	141:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	11	26	theme	valve	1837:1841	arg1	dimensions					1843:1852	valve dimensions	1837:1852	valve dimensions	1837:1852	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	2	27	theme	valve	547:551	arg1	replacements					553:564	living valve replacements	540:564	living valve replacements	540:564	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	1	28	dep	development	277:287	arg1	the					273:275	the	273:275	the	273:275	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	10	29	theme	structure-function	1485:1502	arg1	properties					1504:1513	structure-function properties	1485:1513	structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1485:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	4	30	theme	major	784:788	arg1	differences					790:800	no major differences	781:800	no major differences	781:800	Interestingly, no major differences were observed between the aortic and pulmonary valves.
26867221	3	31	from	composition	574:584	arg1	pairs					657:661	16 pairs	654:661	16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	654:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	10	32	theme	human	1533:1537	arg1	valves					1555:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	2	33	theme	extended	392:399	arg1	set					406:408	an extended data set	389:408	an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	389:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	2	33	theme	extended	392:399	arg1	properties					432:441	structure-function properties	413:441	structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	413:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	0	34	theme	Cryopreserved	98:110	arg1	Valves					124:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	2	35	theme	human	460:464	arg1	valves					493:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	8	36	from	amount	1259:1264	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					1322:1339	glycosaminoglycans	1322:1339	glycosaminoglycans	1322:1339	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	0	37	theme	Age-Dependent	0:12	arg1	Changes					14:20	Age-Dependent Changes	0:20	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.	0:130	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	9	38	theme	leaflet	1389:1395	arg1	stiffness					1397:1405	leaflet stiffness	1389:1405	leaflet stiffness	1389:1405	These matrix changes correlate with increasing leaflet stiffness with age.
26867221	11	39	theme	consequent	1761:1770	arg1	properties					1783:1792	consequent mechanical properties	1761:1792	consequent mechanical properties	1761:1792	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	10	40	used	used	1574:1577	arg2	overview					1458:1465	a new and comprehensive overview	1434:1465	a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves	1434:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	2	41	theme	structure-function	413:430	arg1	properties					432:441	structure-function properties	413:441	structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	413:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	2	42	theme	heart	487:491	arg1	valves					493:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	10	43	theme	heart	1549:1553	arg1	valves					1555:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	3	44	theme	unaffected	679:688	arg1	valves					711:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves	666:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	666:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	4	45	theme	pulmonary	839:847	arg1	valves					849:854	the aortic and pulmonary valves	824:854	the aortic and pulmonary valves	824:854	Interestingly, no major differences were observed between the aortic and pulmonary valves.
26867221	3	46	from	maturation	626:635	arg1	pairs					657:661	16 pairs	654:661	16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	654:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	11	47	theme	mechanical	1772:1781	arg1	properties					1783:1792	consequent mechanical properties	1761:1792	consequent mechanical properties	1761:1792	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	8	48	dep	shows	1239:1243	arg1	pronounced					1200:1209	pronounced	1200:1209	pronounced	1200:1209	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	1	49	theme	valve	314:318	arg1	replacements					320:331	living valve replacements	307:331	living valve replacements	307:331	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	3	50	theme	valves	711:716	arg1	pairs					657:661	16 pairs	654:661	16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	654:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	1	51	theme	valves	232:237	arg1	properties					206:215	age-specific structural and functional properties	167:215	age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves	167:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	10	52	theme	future	1604:1609	arg1	engineering					1637:1647	tissue engineering	1630:1647	tissue engineering of heart valves	1630:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	10	52	theme	future	1604:1609	arg1	therapies					1611:1619	future therapies	1604:1619	future therapies	1604:1619	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	4	53	theme	aortic	828:833	arg1	valves					849:854	the aortic and pulmonary valves	824:854	the aortic and pulmonary valves	824:854	Interestingly, no major differences were observed between the aortic and pulmonary valves.
26867221	11	54	theme	hemodynamic	1675:1685	arg1	conditions					1687:1696	Changing hemodynamic conditions	1666:1696	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age	1666:1705	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	3	55	from	pairs	657:661	arg1	maturation					626:635	maturation	626:635	maturation	626:635	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	55	from	pairs	657:661	arg1	leaflets					640:647	leaflets	640:647	leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	640:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	55	from	pairs	657:661	arg1	properties					610:619	mechanical properties	599:619	mechanical properties	599:619	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	55	from	pairs	657:661	arg1	composition					574:584	Tissue composition	567:584	Tissue composition	567:584	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	55	from	pairs	657:661	arg1	morphology					587:596	morphology	587:596	morphology	587:596	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	56	theme	human	721:725	arg1	donors					727:732	human donors	721:732	human donors (fetal-53 years)	721:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	56	theme	human	721:725	arg1	years					744:748	fetal-53 years	735:748	fetal-53 years	735:748	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	3	57	theme	Tissue	567:572	arg1	composition					574:584	Tissue composition	567:584	Tissue composition	567:584	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	6	58	theme	three-layered	932:944	arg1	structure					954:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure	920:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure	920:962	The typical three-layered leaflet structure is present before birth, but becomes more distinct with age.
26867221	6	58	theme	three-layered	932:944	arg1	present					967:973	present	967:973	present	967:973	The typical three-layered leaflet structure is present before birth, but becomes more distinct with age.
26867221	1	59	theme	age-specific	167:178	arg1	properties					206:215	age-specific structural and functional properties	167:215	age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves	167:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	8	60	theme	collagen	1269:1276	arg1	cross-links					1291:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	10	61	theme	heart	1652:1656	arg1	valves					1658:1663	heart valves	1652:1663	heart valves	1652:1663	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	11	62	theme	initial	1719:1725	arg1	changes					1727:1733	initial changes	1719:1733	initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties	1719:1792	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	8	63	theme	aortic	1214:1219	arg1	matrix					1232:1237	aortic valves-the matrix	1214:1237	aortic valves-the matrix	1214:1237	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	8	64	theme	collagen	1282:1289	arg1	cross-links					1291:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	collagen and collagen cross-links	1269:1301	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	0	65	theme	Valves	124:129	arg1	Geometry					25:32	Geometry	25:32	Geometry	25:32	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	0	65	theme	Valves	124:129	arg1	Composition					42:52	Tissue Composition	35:52	Tissue Composition	35:52	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	0	65	theme	Valves	124:129	arg1	Properties					69:78	Mechanical Properties	58:78	Mechanical Properties	58:78	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	5	66	theme	Valve	857:861	arg1	annulus					863:869	Valve annulus	857:869	Valve annulus	857:869	Valve annulus and leaflet dimensions increase throughout life.
26867221	11	67	theme	matrix	1858:1863	arg1	composition					1865:1875	matrix composition	1858:1875	matrix composition	1858:1875	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	1	68	theme	human	220:224	arg1	valves					232:237	human heart valves	220:237	human heart valves	220:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	9	69	theme	matrix	1348:1353	arg1	changes					1355:1361	These matrix changes	1342:1361	These matrix changes	1342:1361	These matrix changes correlate with increasing leaflet stiffness with age.
26867221	7	70	theme	cell	1038:1041	arg1	numbers					1043:1049	cell numbers	1038:1049	cell numbers	1038:1049	After birth, cell numbers decrease rapidly, while remaining cells obtain a quiescent phenotype and reside in the ventricularis and spongiosa.
26867221	11	71	theme	ongoing	1818:1824	arg1	changes					1826:1832	the ongoing changes	1814:1832	the ongoing changes in valve dimensions	1814:1852	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	8	72	from	reduction	1309:1317	arg1	glycosaminoglycans					1322:1339	glycosaminoglycans	1322:1339	glycosaminoglycans	1322:1339	With age and maturation-but more pronounced in aortic valves-the matrix shows an increasing amount of collagen and collagen cross-links and a reduction in glycosaminoglycans.
26867221	1	73	theme	pediatric	337:345	arg1	patients					362:369	pediatric and adolescent patients	337:369	patients	362:369	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	2	74	theme	valves	493:498	arg1	properties					432:441	structure-function properties	413:441	structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	413:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	0	75	from	Changes	14:20	arg1	Geometry					25:32	Geometry	25:32	Geometry	25:32	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	0	75	from	Changes	14:20	arg1	Composition					42:52	Tissue Composition	35:52	Tissue Composition	35:52	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	0	75	from	Changes	14:20	arg1	Properties					69:78	Mechanical Properties	58:78	Mechanical Properties	58:78	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	10	76	theme	properties	1504:1513	arg1	changes					1474:1480	the changes	1470:1480	the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1470:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	0	77	theme	Adult	92:96	arg1	Valves					124:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	1	78	theme	adolescent	351:360	arg1	patients					362:369	pediatric and adolescent patients	337:369	patients	362:369	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	2	79	theme	living	540:545	arg1	replacements					553:564	living valve replacements	540:564	living valve replacements	540:564	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	0	80	theme	Human	112:116	arg1	Valves					124:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	0	81	dep	Adult	92:96	arg1	to					89:90	to	89:90	to	89:90	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	2	82	theme	cryopreserved	446:458	arg1	valves					493:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	10	83	theme	fetal	1518:1522	arg1	valves					1555:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	3	84	from	properties	610:619	arg1	pairs					657:661	16 pairs	654:661	16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	654:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	2	85	theme	properties	432:441	arg1	set					406:408	an extended data set	389:408	an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	389:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	2	85	theme	properties	432:441	arg1	properties					432:441	structure-function properties	413:441	structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	413:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	10	86	theme	valves	1555:1560	arg1	properties					1504:1513	structure-function properties	1485:1513	structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1485:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	0	87	theme	Tissue	35:40	arg1	Composition					42:52	Tissue Composition	35:52	Tissue Composition	35:52	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	2	88	theme	aortic	480:485	arg1	valves					493:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	10	89	theme	semilunar	1539:1547	arg1	valves					1555:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves	1518:1560	Our data provide a new and comprehensive overview of the changes of structure-function properties of fetal to adult human semilunar heart valves that can be used to evaluate and optimize future therapies, such as tissue engineering of heart valves.
26867221	11	90	theme	matrix	1738:1743	arg1	composition					1745:1755	matrix composition	1738:1755	matrix composition	1738:1755	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	2	91	theme	data	401:404	arg1	set					406:408	an extended data set	389:408	an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	389:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	2	91	theme	data	401:404	arg1	properties					432:441	structure-function properties	413:441	structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	413:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	1	92	theme	living	307:312	arg1	replacements					320:331	living valve replacements	307:331	living valve replacements	307:331	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	2	93	theme	pulmonary	466:474	arg1	valves					493:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves	446:498	Here, we present an extended data set of structure-function properties of cryopreserved human pulmonary and aortic heart valves, providing age-specific information for living valve replacements.
26867221	3	94	theme	pulmonary	701:709	arg1	valves					711:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves	666:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	666:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	1	95	theme	replacements	320:331	arg1	evaluation					293:302	evaluation	293:302	evaluation	293:302	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	1	95	theme	replacements	320:331	arg1	development					277:287	development	277:287	development	277:287	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	3	96	theme	aortic	690:695	arg1	valves					711:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves	666:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	666:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	11	97	theme	Changing	1666:1673	arg1	conditions					1687:1696	Changing hemodynamic conditions	1666:1696	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age	1666:1705	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
26867221	1	98	theme	heart	226:230	arg1	valves					232:237	human heart valves	220:237	human heart valves	220:237	There is limited information about age-specific structural and functional properties of human heart valves, while this information is key to the development and evaluation of living valve replacements for pediatric and adolescent patients.
26867221	0	99	theme	Heart	118:122	arg1	Valves					124:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves	83:129	Age-Dependent Changes in Geometry, Tissue Composition and Mechanical Properties of Fetal to Adult Cryopreserved Human Heart Valves.
26867221	3	100	theme	donors	727:732	arg1	valves					711:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves	666:716	structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years)	666:749	Tissue composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and maturation of leaflets from 16 pairs of structurally unaffected aortic and pulmonary valves of human donors (fetal-53 years) were analyzed.
26867221	11	101	with	conditions	1687:1696	arg1	age					1703:1705	age	1703:1705	age	1703:1705	Changing hemodynamic conditions with age can explain initial changes in matrix composition and consequent mechanical properties, but cannot explain the ongoing changes in valve dimensions and matrix composition at older age.
25617840	5	0	theme	physico-chemical	756:771	arg1	properties					773:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	6	1	dep	best	953:956	arg1	substitute					958:967	substitute	958:967	substitute to yeast extract	958:984	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	7	2	theme	statistical	1086:1096	arg1	methodology					1105:1115	statistical design methodology	1086:1115	statistical design methodology	1086:1115	AmyC production was optimized under SSF using statistical design methodology.
25617840	8	3	theme	central	1351:1357	arg1	CCD					1377:1379	CCD	1377:1379	CCD	1377:1379	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	3	theme	central	1351:1357	arg1	design					1369:1374	the central composite design	1347:1374	the central composite design (CCD)	1347:1380	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	3	4	theme	exclusion	495:503	arg1	chromatography					505:518	size exclusion chromatography	490:518	size exclusion chromatography	490:518	The latter was purified to homogeneity through fractional acetone precipitation and size exclusion chromatography.
25617840	6	5	theme	yeast	972:976	arg1	extract					978:984	yeast extract	972:984	yeast extract	972:984	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	7	6	theme	AmyC	1040:1043	arg1	production					1045:1054	AmyC production	1040:1054	AmyC production	1040:1054	AmyC production was optimized under SSF using statistical design methodology.
25617840	4	7	theme	SDS-PAGE	521:528	arg1	analyses					546:553	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses	521:553	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses	521:553	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	7	8	theme	design	1098:1103	arg1	methodology					1105:1115	statistical design methodology	1086:1115	statistical design methodology	1086:1115	AmyC production was optimized under SSF using statistical design methodology.
25617840	2	9	theme	oligomeric	335:344	arg1	forms					346:350	new AmyB oligomeric forms	326:350	new AmyB oligomeric forms	326:350	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	8	10	theme	U/g	1249:1251	arg1	activity					1228:1235	maximum activity	1220:1235	maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD)	1220:1380	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	0	11	theme	conditions	103:112	arg1	optimization					79:90	optimization	79:90	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	0:113	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	8	12	theme	C/N	1146:1148	arg1	ratio					1160:1164	C/N substrate ratio	1146:1164	C/N substrate ratio of 0.62	1146:1172	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	0	13	theme	culture	95:101	arg1	conditions					103:112	culture conditions	95:112	culture conditions	95:112	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	8	14	theme	substrate	1262:1270	arg1	U/g					1249:1251	22118.34 U/g	1240:1251	22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD)	1240:1380	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	15	theme	substrate	1150:1158	arg1	ratio					1160:1164	C/N substrate ratio	1146:1164	C/N substrate ratio of 0.62	1146:1172	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	2	16	theme	AmyB	330:333	arg1	forms					346:350	new AmyB oligomeric forms	326:350	new AmyB oligomeric forms	326:350	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	8	17	theme	maximum	1220:1226	arg1	activity					1228:1235	maximum activity	1220:1235	maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD)	1220:1380	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	2	18	theme	submerged	275:283	arg1	culture					285:291	monitored submerged culture	265:291	monitored submerged culture	265:291	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	1	19	theme	solid	184:188	arg1	fermentation					196:207	solid state fermentation	184:207	solid state fermentation (SSF)	184:213	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
25617840	1	19	theme	solid	184:188	arg1	SSF					210:212	SSF	210:212	SSF	210:212	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
25617840	5	20	theme	AmyB	796:799	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	20	theme	AmyB	796:799	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	20	theme	AmyB	796:799	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	20	theme	AmyB	796:799	arg1	properties					773:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	2	21	theme	monitored	265:273	arg1	culture					285:291	monitored submerged culture	265:291	monitored submerged culture	265:291	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	1	22	theme	state	190:194	arg1	fermentation					196:207	solid state fermentation	184:207	solid state fermentation (SSF)	184:213	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
25617840	1	22	theme	state	190:194	arg1	SSF					210:212	SSF	210:212	SSF	210:212	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
25617840	0	23	theme	oryzae	12:17	arg1	production					36:45	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production	0:45	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	0:113	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	6	24	theme	Soyabean	931:938	arg1	meal					940:943	Soyabean meal	931:943	Soyabean meal	931:943	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	6	24	theme	Soyabean	931:938	arg1	best					953:956	best	953:956	best	953:956	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	5	25	theme	starch	899:904	arg1	end-products					917:928	major starch hydrolysis end-products	893:928	major starch hydrolysis end-products	893:928	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	25	theme	starch	899:904	arg1	maltotriose					878:888	maltotriose	878:888	maltotriose	878:888	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	25	theme	starch	899:904	arg1	maltose					866:872	maltose	866:872	maltose	866:872	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	0	26	theme	Aspergillus	0:10	arg1	oryzae					12:17	Aspergillus oryzae	0:17	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	0:113	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	5	27	theme	hydrolysis	906:915	arg1	end-products					917:928	major starch hydrolysis end-products	893:928	major starch hydrolysis end-products	893:928	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	27	theme	hydrolysis	906:915	arg1	maltotriose					878:888	maltotriose	878:888	maltotriose	878:888	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	27	theme	hydrolysis	906:915	arg1	maltose					866:872	maltose	866:872	maltose	866:872	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	8	28	theme	33	1283:1284	arg1	times					1286:1290	times	1286:1290	times	1286:1290	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	6	29	theme	gluten	1026:1031	arg1	waste					1033:1037	wheat gluten waste	1020:1037	wheat gluten waste	1020:1037	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	0	30	theme	alpha-amylase	22:34	arg1	production					36:45	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production	0:45	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	0:113	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	8	31	theme	%	1143:1143	arg1	ratio					1160:1164	C/N substrate ratio	1146:1164	C/N substrate ratio of 0.62	1146:1172	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	31	theme	%	1143:1143	arg1	size					1188:1191	inoculum size	1179:1191	inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores	1179:1210	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	31	theme	%	1143:1143	arg1	content					1127:1133	Moisture content	1118:1133	Moisture content of 76.25%	1118:1143	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	5	32	theme	same	682:685	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	32	theme	same	682:685	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	32	theme	same	682:685	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	8	33	theme	dried	1256:1260	arg1	substrate					1262:1270	dried substrate	1256:1270	dried substrate	1256:1270	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	4	34	theme	42	630:631	arg1	kDa					633:635	kDa	633:635	kDa	633:635	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	0	35	theme	S2	19:20	arg1	production					36:45	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production	0:45	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	0:113	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	4	36	theme	purified	570:577	arg1	AmyC					579:582	, purified AmyC	568:582	AmyC	579:582	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	4	36	theme	purified	570:577	arg1	tetramer					613:620	an approximately 172 kDa tetramer	588:620	an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits	588:644	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	5	37	theme	NH2-terminal	687:698	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	37	theme	NH2-terminal	687:698	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	37	theme	NH2-terminal	687:698	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	8	38	theme	design	1369:1374	arg1	application					1332:1342	the application	1328:1342	the application of the central composite design (CCD)	1328:1380	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	1	39	theme	Aspergillus	115:125	arg1	oryzae					127:132	Aspergillus oryzae	115:132	Aspergillus oryzae S2	115:135	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
25617840	3	40	theme	fractional	453:462	arg1	precipitation					472:484	fractional acetone precipitation	453:484	fractional acetone precipitation	453:484	The latter was purified to homogeneity through fractional acetone precipitation and size exclusion chromatography.
25617840	3	41	theme	size	490:493	arg1	chromatography					505:518	size exclusion chromatography	490:518	size exclusion chromatography	490:518	The latter was purified to homogeneity through fractional acetone precipitation and size exclusion chromatography.
25617840	5	42	theme	amino	700:704	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	42	theme	amino	700:704	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	42	theme	amino	700:704	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	8	43	theme	composite	1359:1367	arg1	CCD					1377:1379	CCD	1377:1379	CCD	1377:1379	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	43	theme	composite	1359:1367	arg1	design					1369:1374	the central composite design	1347:1374	the central composite design (CCD)	1347:1380	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	44	dep	times	1286:1290	arg1	higher					1292:1297	higher	1292:1297	higher	1292:1297	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	4	45	theme	subunits	637:644	arg1	AmyC					579:582	, purified AmyC	568:582	AmyC	579:582	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	4	45	theme	subunits	637:644	arg1	tetramer					613:620	an approximately 172 kDa tetramer	588:620	an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits	588:644	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	2	46	theme	tetrameric	378:387	arg1	form					389:392	a dominant tetrameric form	367:392	particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC	356:403	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	4	47	theme	native	534:539	arg1	PAGE					541:544	native PAGE	534:544	native PAGE	534:544	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	5	48	theme	acid	706:709	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	48	theme	acid	706:709	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	48	theme	acid	706:709	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	8	49	theme	Moisture	1118:1125	arg1	content					1127:1133	Moisture content	1118:1133	Moisture content of 76.25%	1118:1143	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	2	50	dep	AmyA	231:234	arg1	addition					219:226	addition	219:226	addition	219:226	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	0	51	theme	state	59:63	arg1	fermentation					65:76	solid state fermentation	53:76	solid state fermentation	53:76	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	5	52	theme	sequence	711:718	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	52	theme	sequence	711:718	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	52	theme	sequence	711:718	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	6	53	theme	powder	1003:1008	arg1	waste					1010:1014	fish powder waste	998:1014	fish powder waste	998:1014	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	1	54	theme	oryzae	127:132	arg1	S2					134:135	Aspergillus oryzae S2	115:135	Aspergillus oryzae S2	115:135	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
25617840	0	55	theme	solid	53:57	arg1	fermentation					65:76	solid state fermentation	53:76	solid state fermentation	53:76	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	0	56	dep	production	36:45	arg1	optimization					79:90	optimization	79:90	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	0:113	Aspergillus oryzae S2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.
25617840	2	57	theme	new	326:328	arg1	forms					346:350	new AmyB oligomeric forms	326:350	new AmyB oligomeric forms	326:350	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	4	58	theme	PAGE	541:544	arg1	analyses					546:553	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses	521:553	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses	521:553	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	4	59	dep	tetramer	613:620	arg1	kDa					609:611	kDa	609:611	kDa	609:611	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	5	60	theme	AmyA	787:790	arg1	AmyA					787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyA	787:790	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	60	theme	AmyA	787:790	arg1	residues					720:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues	678:727	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	60	theme	AmyA	787:790	arg1	AmyB					796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyB	796:799	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	60	theme	AmyA	787:790	arg1	properties					773:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	3	61	theme	acetone	464:470	arg1	precipitation					472:484	fractional acetone precipitation	453:484	fractional acetone precipitation	453:484	The latter was purified to homogeneity through fractional acetone precipitation and size exclusion chromatography.
25617840	6	62	theme	fish	998:1001	arg1	waste					1010:1014	fish powder waste	998:1014	fish powder waste	998:1014	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	4	63	dep	kDa	609:611	arg1	172					605:607	172	605:607	172	605:607	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	2	64	dep	particular	356:365	arg1	form					389:392	a dominant tetrameric form	367:392	particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC	356:403	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	5	65	theme	major	893:897	arg1	end-products					917:928	major starch hydrolysis end-products	893:928	major starch hydrolysis end-products	893:928	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	65	theme	major	893:897	arg1	maltotriose					878:888	maltotriose	878:888	maltotriose	878:888	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	65	theme	major	893:897	arg1	maltose					866:872	maltose	866:872	maltose	866:872	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	8	66	theme	inoculum	1179:1186	arg1	size					1188:1191	inoculum size	1179:1191	inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores	1179:1210	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	67	theme	0.62	1169:1172	arg1	ratio					1160:1164	C/N substrate ratio	1146:1164	C/N substrate ratio of 0.62	1146:1172	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	67	theme	0.62	1169:1172	arg1	size					1188:1191	inoculum size	1179:1191	inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores	1179:1210	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	67	theme	0.62	1169:1172	arg1	content					1127:1133	Moisture content	1118:1133	Moisture content of 76.25%	1118:1143	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	4	68	theme	kDa	633:635	arg1	subunits					637:644	four 42 kDa subunits	625:644	four 42 kDa subunits	625:644	SDS-PAGE and native PAGE analyses revealed that, purified AmyC was an approximately 172 kDa tetramer of four 42 kDa subunits.
25617840	8	69	theme	spores	1205:1210	arg1	ratio					1160:1164	C/N substrate ratio	1146:1164	C/N substrate ratio of 0.62	1146:1172	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	69	theme	spores	1205:1210	arg1	size					1188:1191	inoculum size	1179:1191	inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores	1179:1210	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	8	69	theme	spores	1205:1210	arg1	content					1127:1133	Moisture content	1118:1133	Moisture content of 76.25%	1118:1143	Moisture content of 76.25%, C/N substrate ratio of 0.62, and inoculum size of 10(6.87) spores allowed maximum activity of 22118.34 U/g of dried substrate, which was 33 times higher than the one obtained before the application of the central composite design (CCD).
25617840	6	70	theme	wheat	1020:1024	arg1	waste					1033:1037	wheat gluten waste	1020:1037	wheat gluten waste	1020:1037	Soyabean meal was the best substitute to yeast extract compared to fish powder waste and wheat gluten waste.
25617840	2	71	theme	dominant	369:376	arg1	form					389:392	a dominant tetrameric form	367:392	particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC	356:403	In addition to AmyA and AmyB already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new AmyB oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named AmyC.
25617840	5	72	theme	same	751:754	arg1	properties					773:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	approximately the same physico-chemical properties	733:782	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	5	73	theme	maximum	813:819	arg1	activity					821:828	maximum activity	813:828	maximum activity	813:828	AmyC was also noted to display the same NH2-terminal amino acid sequence residues and approximately the same physico-chemical properties of AmyA and AmyB, to exhibit maximum activity at pH 5.6 and 60 °C, and to produce maltose and maltotriose as major starch hydrolysis end-products.
25617840	1	74	theme	alpha-amylase	153:165	arg1	production					167:176	alpha-amylase production	153:176	alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF)	153:213	Aspergillus oryzae S2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (SSF).
27185109	1	0	theme	peel	154:157	arg1	cellulose					159:167	pineapple peel cellulose	144:167	pineapple peel cellulose	144:167	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	1	1	theme	liquid	249:254	arg1	chloride					284:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	0	2	theme	effective	72:80	arg1	removal					82:88	effective removal	72:88	effective removal of methylene blue	72:106	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	3	3	theme	acetylation	565:575	arg1	temperature					577:587	acetylation temperature	565:587	acetylation temperature	565:587	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	1	4	theme	1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium	256:282	arg1	chloride					284:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	0	5	theme	methylene	93:101	arg1	removal					82:88	effective removal	72:88	effective removal of methylene blue	72:106	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	4	6	theme	sepia	872:876	arg1	capacity					902:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	3	7	theme	temperature	577:587	arg1	effects					536:542	The effects	532:542	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	532:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	4	8	theme	kinetic	854:860	arg1	model					862:866	pseudo-second-order kinetic model	834:866	pseudo-second-order kinetic model	834:866	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	4	9	theme	hydrogels	815:823	arg1	adsorption					797:806	Methylene blue adsorption	782:806	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels	782:823	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	5	10	theme	ink	1038:1040	arg1	amount					1022:1027	the additive amount	1009:1027	the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels	1009:1057	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	5	10	theme	ink	1038:1040	arg1	ink					1038:1040	sepia ink	1032:1040	sepia ink of the hydrogels	1032:1057	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	5	10	theme	ink	1038:1040	arg1	%					1065:1065	10%	1063:1065	10%	1063:1065	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	3	11	theme	acetic	605:610	arg1	unit					637:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	2	12	dep	transform	379:387	arg1	infrared					389:396	infrared	389:396	transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry	379:529	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	5	13	theme	sepia	1032:1036	arg1	ink					1038:1040	sepia ink	1032:1040	sepia ink of the hydrogels	1032:1057	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	3	14	theme	acetylation	547:557	arg1	time					559:562	acetylation time	547:562	acetylation time	547:562	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	15	theme	molar	590:594	arg1	ratio					596:600	molar ratio	590:600	molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	590:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	16	with	embedded	734:741	arg1	ink					754:756	sepia ink	748:756	sepia ink	748:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	2	17	theme	electron	436:443	arg1	microscope					445:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	0	18	theme	blue	103:106	arg1	methylene					93:101	methylene blue	93:106	methylene blue	93:106	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	3	19	from	effects	536:542	arg1	capacity					708:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity	682:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	682:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	2	20	theme	differential	497:508	arg1	calorimetry					519:529	differential scanning calorimetry	497:529	differential scanning calorimetry	497:529	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	1	21	theme	sepia	173:177	arg1	ink					179:181	sepia ink	173:181	sepia ink	173:181	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	0	22	theme	pineapple	9:17	arg1	cellulose					24:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose	0:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose	0:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	2	23	theme	hydrogels	339:347	arg1	morphology					312:321	morphology	312:321	morphology	312:321	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	2	23	theme	hydrogels	339:347	arg1	structure					298:306	structure	298:306	structure	298:306	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	2	24	theme	emission	418:425	arg1	microscope					445:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	0	25	theme	Modified	0:7	arg1	cellulose					24:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose	0:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose	0:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	2	26	theme	prepared	330:337	arg1	hydrogels					339:347	the prepared hydrogels	326:347	the prepared hydrogels	326:347	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	2	27	theme	field	412:416	arg1	microscope					445:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	4	28	theme	adsorption	891:900	arg1	capacity					902:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	5	29	theme	additive	1013:1020	arg1	amount					1022:1027	the additive amount	1009:1027	the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels	1009:1057	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	5	29	theme	additive	1013:1020	arg1	ink					1038:1040	sepia ink	1032:1040	sepia ink of the hydrogels	1032:1057	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	5	29	theme	additive	1013:1020	arg1	%					1065:1065	10%	1063:1065	10%	1063:1065	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	2	30	dep	Fourier	371:377	arg1	transform					379:387	transform	379:387	transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry	379:529	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	5	31	theme	hydrogels	1049:1057	arg1	ink					1038:1040	sepia ink	1032:1040	sepia ink of the hydrogels	1032:1057	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	5	32	theme	adsorption	930:939	arg1	capacity					941:948	The adsorption capacity	926:948	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium	926:963	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	0	33	theme	peel	19:22	arg1	cellulose					24:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose	0:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose	0:32	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	3	34	theme	unit	637:640	arg1	temperature					577:587	acetylation temperature	565:587	acetylation temperature	565:587	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	34	theme	unit	637:640	arg1	unit					637:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	34	theme	unit	637:640	arg1	ink					675:677	sepia ink	669:677	sepia ink	669:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	34	theme	unit	637:640	arg1	time					559:562	acetylation time	547:562	acetylation time	547:562	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	34	theme	unit	637:640	arg1	ratio					596:600	molar ratio	590:600	molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	590:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	34	theme	unit	637:640	arg1	amount					659:664	the additive amount	646:664	the additive amount of sepia ink	646:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	2	35	theme	X-ray	457:461	arg1	diffraction					463:473	X-ray diffraction	457:473	X-ray diffraction	457:473	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	3	36	theme	time	559:562	arg1	effects					536:542	The effects	532:542	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	532:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	1	37	theme	homogeneous	203:213	arg1	acetylation					215:225	homogeneous acetylation	203:225	homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	203:291	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	5	38	from	equilibrium	953:963	arg1	capacity					941:948	The adsorption capacity	926:948	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium	926:963	The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was increased from 53.72 to 138.25mg/g when the additive amount of sepia ink of the hydrogels was 10%.
27185109	3	39	theme	adsorption	697:706	arg1	capacity					708:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity	682:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	682:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	40	theme	sepia	669:673	arg1	ink					675:677	sepia ink	669:677	sepia ink	669:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	0	41	theme	sepia	58:62	arg1	ink					64:66	sepia ink	58:66	sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue	58:106	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	4	42	theme	pseudo-second-order	834:852	arg1	model					862:866	pseudo-second-order kinetic model	834:866	pseudo-second-order kinetic model	834:866	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	3	43	theme	additive	650:657	arg1	unit					637:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	43	theme	additive	650:657	arg1	amount					659:664	the additive amount	646:664	the additive amount of sepia ink	646:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	43	theme	additive	650:657	arg1	ink					675:677	sepia ink	669:677	sepia ink	669:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	1	44	from	acetylation	215:225	arg1	chloride					284:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	1	45	theme	Novel	109:113	arg1	hydrogels					125:133	Novel composite hydrogels	109:133	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink	109:181	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	2	46	theme	scanning	510:517	arg1	calorimetry					519:529	differential scanning calorimetry	497:529	differential scanning calorimetry	497:529	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	3	47	theme	amount	659:664	arg1	effects					536:542	The effects	532:542	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	532:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	1	48	theme	composite	115:123	arg1	hydrogels					125:133	Novel composite hydrogels	109:133	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink	109:181	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	3	49	theme	sepia	748:752	arg1	ink					754:756	sepia ink	748:756	sepia ink	748:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	4	50	theme	ink	878:880	arg1	capacity					902:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	3	51	theme	anhydride/anhydroglucose	612:635	arg1	unit					637:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	52	theme	ratio	596:600	arg1	effects					536:542	The effects	532:542	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	532:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	53	theme	hydrogels	724:732	arg1	capacity					708:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity	682:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	682:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	54	theme	blue	692:695	arg1	capacity					708:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity	682:715	methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	682:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	4	55	theme	blue	792:795	arg1	adsorption					797:806	Methylene blue adsorption	782:806	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels	782:823	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	1	56	theme	cellulose	230:238	arg1	acetylation					215:225	homogeneous acetylation	203:225	homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	203:291	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	3	57	theme	embedded	734:741	arg1	hydrogels					724:732	the hydrogels	720:732	the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink	720:756	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	58	theme	ink	675:677	arg1	temperature					577:587	acetylation temperature	565:587	acetylation temperature	565:587	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	58	theme	ink	675:677	arg1	unit					637:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	605:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	58	theme	ink	675:677	arg1	ink					675:677	sepia ink	669:677	sepia ink	669:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	58	theme	ink	675:677	arg1	time					559:562	acetylation time	547:562	acetylation time	547:562	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	58	theme	ink	675:677	arg1	ratio					596:600	molar ratio	590:600	molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit	590:640	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	3	58	theme	ink	675:677	arg1	amount					659:664	the additive amount	646:664	the additive amount of sepia ink	646:677	The effects of acetylation time, acetylation temperature, molar ratio of acetic anhydride/anhydroglucose unit and the additive amount of sepia ink on methylene blue adsorption capacity of the hydrogels embedded with sepia ink were also investigated.
27185109	2	59	dep	structure	298:306	arg1	The					294:296	The	294:296	The	294:296	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	2	60	theme	scanning	427:434	arg1	microscope					445:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	field emission scanning electron microscope	412:454	The structure and morphology of the prepared hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.
27185109	4	61	theme	improved	882:889	arg1	capacity					902:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	sepia ink improved adsorption capacity	872:909	Methylene blue adsorption of the hydrogels followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model and sepia ink improved adsorption capacity significantly.
27185109	0	62	with	embedded	44:51	arg1	ink					64:66	sepia ink	58:66	sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue	58:106	Modified pineapple peel cellulose hydrogels embedded with sepia ink for effective removal of methylene blue.
27185109	1	63	theme	pineapple	144:152	arg1	cellulose					159:167	pineapple peel cellulose	144:167	pineapple peel cellulose	144:167	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
27185109	1	64	theme	ionic	243:247	arg1	chloride					284:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride	243:291	Novel composite hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and sepia ink were synthesized by homogeneous acetylation of cellulose in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.
26703990	0	0	theme	nano	99:102	arg1	composite					104:112	pectin-gold nano composite	87:112	pectin-gold nano composite	87:112	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on pectin-gold nano composite.
26703990	1	1	from	detection	183:191	arg1	water					222:226	water	222:226	water	222:226	In this report, we have successfully fabricated an immunosensor for detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water.
26703990	4	2	theme	anti	559:562	arg1	Peroxidase					592:601	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	0	3	theme	pectin-gold	87:97	arg1	composite					104:112	pectin-gold nano composite	87:112	pectin-gold nano composite	87:112	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on pectin-gold nano composite.
26703990	4	4	theme	IgG	571:573	arg1	Peroxidase					592:601	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	2	5	theme	CCLP	298:301	arg1	NPs					336:338	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs	298:338	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	2	5	theme	CCLP	298:301	arg1	nanoparticles					346:358	gold nanoparticles	341:358	gold nanoparticles	341:358	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	4	6	theme	rabbit	564:569	arg1	Peroxidase					592:601	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	7	theme	Hydro	674:678	arg1	HQ					691:692	HQ	691:692	HQ	691:692	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	7	theme	Hydro	674:678	arg1	Quininone					680:688	Hydro Quininone	674:688	Hydro Quininone (HQ)	674:693	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	8	from	peroxide	708:715	arg1	PB					727:728	PB	727:728	PB (Phosphate Buffer)	727:747	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	8	from	peroxide	708:715	arg1	Buffer					741:746	Phosphate Buffer	731:746	Phosphate Buffer	731:746	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	9	theme	immune	623:628	arg1	complex					630:636	the immune complex	619:636	the immune complex	619:636	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	6	10	contain	have	903:906	arg2	reproducibility					937:951	reproducibility	937:951	reproducibility	937:951	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	6	10	contain	have	903:906	arg1	immunosensor					885:896	The developed immunosensor	871:896	The developed immunosensor	871:896	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	6	10	contain	have	903:906	arg2	stability					926:934	stability	926:934	stability	926:934	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	6	10	contain	have	903:906	arg2	selectivity					913:923	high selectivity	908:923	high selectivity	908:923	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	6	10	contain	have	903:906	arg2	reusability					957:967	reusability	957:967	reusability	957:967	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	5	11	theme	sensitivity	784:794	arg1	range					796:800	the sensitivity range	780:800	the sensitivity range	780:800	From the results, the sensitivity range is from 10(1) to 10(7)CFU/ml and LOD is calculated as 9×10(2)CFU/ml.
26703990	0	12	theme	Specific	0:7	arg1	immunoassay					39:49	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay	0:49	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0:76	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on pectin-gold nano composite.
26703990	4	13	dep	Quininone	680:688	arg1	electrolyte					749:759	electrolyte	749:759	electrolyte	749:759	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	0	14	theme	electrochemical	23:37	arg1	immunoassay					39:49	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay	0:49	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0:76	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on pectin-gold nano composite.
26703990	2	15	theme	Cross-Linked	312:323	arg1	CCLP					298:301	CCLP	298:301	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	2	15	theme	Cross-Linked	312:323	arg1	Pectin					325:330	Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin	304:330	Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin	304:330	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	1	16	theme	aeruginosa	208:217	arg1	detection					183:191	detection	183:191	detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water	183:226	In this report, we have successfully fabricated an immunosensor for detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water.
26703990	0	17	theme	selective	13:21	arg1	immunoassay					39:49	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay	0:49	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa	0:76	Specific and selective electrochemical immunoassay for Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on pectin-gold nano composite.
26703990	2	18	theme	Calcium	304:310	arg1	CCLP					298:301	CCLP	298:301	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	2	18	theme	Calcium	304:310	arg1	Pectin					325:330	Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin	304:330	Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin	304:330	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	3	19	theme	immunosensor	406:417	arg1	building					390:397	The building	386:397	The building of the immunosensor	386:417	The building of the immunosensor was evaluated in each step by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26703990	3	20	theme	cyclic	449:454	arg1	CV					469:470	CV	469:470	CV	469:470	The building of the immunosensor was evaluated in each step by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26703990	3	20	theme	cyclic	449:454	arg1	voltammetry					456:466	cyclic voltammetry	449:466	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	449:471	The building of the immunosensor was evaluated in each step by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26703990	2	21	theme	monoclonal	233:242	arg1	antibody					244:251	The monoclonal antibody	229:251	The monoclonal antibody	229:251	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	2	22	theme	gold	341:344	arg1	NPs					336:338	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs	298:338	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	2	22	theme	gold	341:344	arg1	nanoparticles					346:358	gold nanoparticles	341:358	gold nanoparticles	341:358	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	3	23	theme	impedance	477:485	arg1	EIS					501:503	EIS	501:503	EIS	501:503	The building of the immunosensor was evaluated in each step by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26703990	3	23	theme	impedance	477:485	arg1	spectroscopy					487:498	impedance spectroscopy	477:498	impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	477:504	The building of the immunosensor was evaluated in each step by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
26703990	4	24	theme	electrochemical	511:525	arg1	detection					527:535	The electrochemical detection	507:535	The electrochemical detection	507:535	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	2	25	theme	NPs	336:338	arg1	Electrode					375:383	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	4	26	theme	Hydrogen	699:706	arg1	H2O2					718:721	H2O2	718:721	H2O2	718:721	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	26	theme	Hydrogen	699:706	arg1	peroxide					708:715	Hydrogen peroxide	699:715	Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer)	699:747	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	6	27	theme	developed	875:883	arg1	immunosensor					885:896	The developed immunosensor	871:896	The developed immunosensor	871:896	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	2	28	theme	-Au	332:334	arg1	NPs					336:338	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs	298:338	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	2	28	theme	-Au	332:334	arg1	nanoparticles					346:358	gold nanoparticles	341:358	gold nanoparticles	341:358	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	4	29	theme	HRP	575:577	arg1	Peroxidase					592:601	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	30	theme	Phosphate	731:739	arg1	PB					727:728	PB	727:728	PB (Phosphate Buffer)	727:747	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	30	theme	Phosphate	731:739	arg1	Buffer					741:746	Phosphate Buffer	731:746	Phosphate Buffer	731:746	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	6	31	theme	high	908:911	arg1	selectivity					913:923	high selectivity	908:923	high selectivity	908:923	The developed immunosensor also have high selectivity, stability, reproducibility and reusability.
26703990	2	32	theme	Carbon	368:373	arg1	Electrode					375:383	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	4	33	from	Quininone	680:688	arg1	PB					727:728	PB	727:728	PB (Phosphate Buffer)	727:747	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	4	33	from	Quininone	680:688	arg1	Buffer					741:746	Phosphate Buffer	731:746	Phosphate Buffer	731:746	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
26703990	2	34	theme	/Glassy	360:366	arg1	Electrode					375:383	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode	298:383	The monoclonal antibody was immobilized on the surface modified with CCLP (Calcium Cross-Linked Pectin)-Au NPs (gold nanoparticles)/Glassy Carbon Electrode.
26703990	4	35	theme	Horseradish	580:590	arg1	Peroxidase					592:601	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex	555:636	The electrochemical detection was done based on the anti rabbit IgG HRP (Horseradish Peroxidase) which binds to the immune complex and the response was observed using Hydro Quininone (HQ) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PB (Phosphate Buffer) electrolyte.
25315601	6	0	dep	appeared	1206:1213	arg1	affected					1220:1227	affected	1220:1227	appeared less affected	1206:1227	Glucosinolate and flavonol glycoside biosynthesis, both of which also rely on CYP450 activities, appeared less affected.
25315601	6	1	theme	CYP450	1187:1192	arg1	activities					1194:1203	CYP450 activities	1187:1203	CYP450 activities	1187:1203	Glucosinolate and flavonol glycoside biosynthesis, both of which also rely on CYP450 activities, appeared less affected.
25315601	4	2	theme	remaining	843:851	arg1	lignin					853:858	the remaining lignin	839:858	the remaining lignin	839:858	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	1	3	theme	P450	256:259	arg1	enzymes					270:276	CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes	245:276	CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	245:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	0	4	theme	lignin	81:86	arg1	composition					88:98	lignin composition	81:98	lignin composition	81:98	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	5	5	theme	F5H1	1074:1077	arg1	substrates					1046:1055	the substrates	1042:1055	the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants	1042:1106	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	4	6	theme	compositional	816:828	arg1	shift					830:834	a compositional shift	814:834	a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	814:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	6	7	theme	glycoside	1136:1144	arg1	biosynthesis					1146:1157	flavonol glycoside biosynthesis	1127:1157	flavonol glycoside biosynthesis	1127:1157	Glucosinolate and flavonol glycoside biosynthesis, both of which also rely on CYP450 activities, appeared less affected.
25315601	1	8	from	thaliana	306:313	arg1	number					235:240	a large number	227:240	a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	227:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	3	9	dep	hypothesized	470:481	arg1	4-HYDROXYLASE					600:612	CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE	590:612	CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H)	590:618	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	9	dep	hypothesized	470:481	arg1	3-HYDROXYLASE1					633:646	p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1	621:646	p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1)	621:653	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	9	dep	hypothesized	470:481	arg1	5-HYDROXYLASE1					669:682	FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1	660:682	FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1)	660:689	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	9	dep	hypothesized	470:481	arg1	C3H1					649:652	C3H1	649:652	C3H1	649:652	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	9	dep	hypothesized	470:481	arg1	F5H1					685:688	F5H1	685:688	F5H1	685:688	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	9	dep	hypothesized	470:481	arg1	C4H					615:617	C4H	615:617	C4H	615:617	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	4	10	from	fraction	880:887	arg1	expense					921:927	the expense	917:927	the expense of syringyl units	917:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	11	theme	units	908:912	arg1	fraction					880:887	a 10-fold higher fraction	863:887	a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	863:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	7	12	theme	biofuel	1418:1424	arg1	production					1426:1435	biofuel production	1418:1435	biofuel production	1418:1435	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	4	13	theme	main	786:789	arg1	stem					805:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	1	14	dep	ARABIDOPSIS	131:141	arg1	THALIANA					143:150	THALIANA	143:150	THALIANA	143:150	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	7	15	theme	inflorescence	1256:1268	arg1	stems					1270:1274	the atr2 inflorescence stems	1247:1274	the atr2 inflorescence stems	1247:1274	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	4	16	theme	p-hydroxyphenyl	892:906	arg1	units					908:912	p-hydroxyphenyl units	892:912	p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	892:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	5	17	theme	C4H	1060:1062	arg1	substrates					1046:1055	the substrates	1042:1055	the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants	1042:1106	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	1	18	from	enzymes	270:276	arg1	thaliana					306:313	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	2	19	theme	ATR2	377:380	arg1	expression					363:372	the expression	359:372	the expression of ATR2	359:380	Whereas ATR1 is constitutively expressed, the expression of ATR2 appears to be induced during lignin biosynthesis and upon stresses.
25315601	1	20	theme	enzymes	270:276	arg1	number					235:240	a large number	227:240	a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	227:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	4	21	theme	inflorescence	791:803	arg1	stem					805:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	3	22	theme	lignin	569:574	arg1	biosynthesis					576:587	lignin biosynthesis	569:587	lignin biosynthesis	569:587	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	5	23	from	shifts	976:981	arg1	metabolites					1010:1020	lignin-related phenolic metabolites	986:1020	lignin-related phenolic metabolites	986:1020	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	0	24	theme	inducible	16:24	arg1	REDUCTASE2					63:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	7	25	theme	alkaline	1327:1334	arg1	pretreatment					1336:1347	alkaline pretreatment	1327:1347	alkaline pretreatment	1327:1347	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	4	26	theme	atr2	715:718	arg1	mutation					720:727	the atr2 mutation	711:727	the atr2 mutation	711:727	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	27	theme	lignin	765:770	arg1	amount					772:777	total lignin amount	759:777	total lignin amount	759:777	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	2	28	theme	lignin	411:416	arg1	biosynthesis					418:429	lignin biosynthesis	411:429	lignin biosynthesis	411:429	Whereas ATR1 is constitutively expressed, the expression of ATR2 appears to be induced during lignin biosynthesis and upon stresses.
25315601	7	29	theme	potential	1364:1372	arg1	target					1374:1379	a potential target	1362:1379	a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production	1362:1435	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	1	30	theme	Arabidopsis	281:291	arg1	thaliana					306:313	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	7	31	theme	atr2	1251:1254	arg1	stems					1270:1274	the atr2 inflorescence stems	1247:1274	the atr2 inflorescence stems	1247:1274	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	4	32	theme	units	941:945	arg1	expense					921:927	the expense	917:927	the expense of syringyl units	917:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	33	theme	higher	873:878	arg1	fraction					880:887	a 10-fold higher fraction	863:887	a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	863:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	3	34	theme	CINNAMATE	590:598	arg1	C4H					615:617	C4H	615:617	C4H	615:617	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	34	theme	CINNAMATE	590:598	arg1	4-HYDROXYLASE					600:612	CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE	590:612	CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H)	590:618	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	5	35	with	particular	1026:1035	arg1	substrates					1046:1055	the substrates	1042:1055	the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants	1042:1106	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	7	36	theme	plant	1397:1401	arg1	walls					1408:1412	plant cell walls	1397:1412	plant cell walls for biofuel production	1397:1435	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	0	37	theme	ARABIDOPSIS	26:36	arg1	REDUCTASE2					63:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	1	38	theme	Arabidopsis	294:304	arg1	thaliana					306:313	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	4	39	theme	syringyl	932:939	arg1	units					941:945	syringyl units	932:945	syringyl units	932:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	3	40	theme	p-COUMARATE	621:631	arg1	C3H1					649:652	C3H1	649:652	C3H1	649:652	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	40	theme	p-COUMARATE	621:631	arg1	3-HYDROXYLASE1					633:646	p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1	621:646	p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1)	621:653	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	4	41	theme	total	759:763	arg1	amount					772:777	total lignin amount	759:777	total lignin amount	759:777	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	7	42	from	cellulose	1234:1242	arg1	stems					1270:1274	the atr2 inflorescence stems	1247:1274	the atr2 inflorescence stems	1247:1274	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	0	43	theme	P450	58:61	arg1	REDUCTASE2					63:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	5	44	theme	atr2	1095:1098	arg1	mutants					1100:1106	atr2 mutants	1095:1106	atr2 mutants	1095:1106	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	5	45	theme	phenolic	1001:1008	arg1	metabolites					1010:1020	lignin-related phenolic metabolites	986:1020	lignin-related phenolic metabolites	986:1020	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	7	46	theme	cell	1403:1406	arg1	walls					1408:1412	plant cell walls	1397:1412	plant cell walls for biofuel production	1397:1435	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	1	47	theme	ARABIDOPSIS	131:141	arg1	ATR1					180:183	ATR1	180:183	ATR1	180:183	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	47	theme	ARABIDOPSIS	131:141	arg1	REDUCTASE1					168:177	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1	131:177	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1)	131:184	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	0	48	theme	CYTOCHROME	47:56	arg1	REDUCTASE2					63:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	12:72	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	6	49	theme	flavonol	1127:1134	arg1	biosynthesis					1146:1157	flavonol glycoside biosynthesis	1127:1157	flavonol glycoside biosynthesis	1127:1157	Glucosinolate and flavonol glycoside biosynthesis, both of which also rely on CYP450 activities, appeared less affected.
25315601	5	50	theme	C3H1	1065:1068	arg1	substrates					1046:1055	the substrates	1042:1055	the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants	1042:1106	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	5	51	theme	lignin-related	986:999	arg1	metabolites					1010:1020	lignin-related phenolic metabolites	986:1020	lignin-related phenolic metabolites	986:1020	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	0	52	dep	ARABIDOPSIS	26:36	arg1	THALIANA					38:45	THALIANA	38:45	THALIANA	38:45	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	4	53	theme	lignin	853:858	arg1	reduction					746:754	a 6% reduction	741:754	a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem	741:808	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	53	theme	lignin	853:858	arg1	shift					830:834	a compositional shift	814:834	a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	814:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	3	54	theme	FERULATE	660:667	arg1	F5H1					685:688	F5H1	685:688	F5H1	685:688	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	3	54	theme	FERULATE	660:667	arg1	5-HYDROXYLASE1					669:682	FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1	660:682	FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1)	660:689	Therefore, ATR2 was hypothesized to be preferentially involved in providing electrons to the three CYP450s involved in lignin biosynthesis: CINNAMATE 4-HYDROXYLASE (C4H), p-COUMARATE 3-HYDROXYLASE1 (C3H1), and FERULATE 5-HYDROXYLASE1 (F5H1).
25315601	4	55	theme	%	744:744	arg1	reduction					746:754	a 6% reduction	741:754	a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem	741:808	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	1	56	from	NADPH	218:222	arg1	electrons					203:211	electrons	203:211	electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	203:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	57	theme	CYTOCHROME	152:161	arg1	ATR1					180:183	ATR1	180:183	ATR1	180:183	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	57	theme	CYTOCHROME	152:161	arg1	REDUCTASE1					168:177	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1	131:177	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1)	131:184	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	58	theme	large	229:233	arg1	number					235:240	a large number	227:240	a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	227:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	59	from	number	235:240	arg1	thaliana					306:313	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	281:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	7	60	theme	enzymatic	1300:1308	arg1	hydrolysis					1310:1319	enzymatic hydrolysis	1300:1319	enzymatic hydrolysis	1300:1319	The cellulose in the atr2 inflorescence stems was more susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis after alkaline pretreatment, making ATR2 a potential target for engineering plant cell walls for biofuel production.
25315601	1	61	theme	P450	163:166	arg1	ATR1					180:183	ATR1	180:183	ATR1	180:183	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	61	theme	P450	163:166	arg1	REDUCTASE1					168:177	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1	131:177	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1)	131:184	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	4	62	from	expense	921:927	arg1	fraction					880:887	a 10-fold higher fraction	863:887	a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	863:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	62	from	expense	921:927	arg1	units					908:912	p-hydroxyphenyl units	892:912	p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units	892:945	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	63	from	reduction	746:754	arg1	stem					805:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	63	from	reduction	746:754	arg1	amount					772:777	total lignin amount	759:777	total lignin amount	759:777	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	0	64	theme	REDUCTASE2	63:72	arg1	Mutation					0:7	Mutation	0:7	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2	0:72	Mutation of the inducible ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE2 alters lignin composition and improves saccharification.
25315601	4	65	from	shift	830:834	arg1	stem					805:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	the main inflorescence stem	782:808	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	4	65	from	shift	830:834	arg1	amount					772:777	total lignin amount	759:777	total lignin amount	759:777	Here, we show that the atr2 mutation resulted in a 6% reduction in total lignin amount in the main inflorescence stem and a compositional shift of the remaining lignin to a 10-fold higher fraction of p-hydroxyphenyl units at the expense of syringyl units.
25315601	5	66	theme	Phenolic	948:955	arg1	profiling					957:965	Phenolic profiling	948:965	Phenolic profiling	948:965	Phenolic profiling revealed shifts in lignin-related phenolic metabolites, in particular with the substrates of C4H, C3H1 and F5H1 accumulating in atr2 mutants.
25315601	1	67	theme	CYTOCHROME	245:254	arg1	CYP450					262:267	CYP450	262:267	CYP450	262:267	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
25315601	1	67	theme	CYTOCHROME	245:254	arg1	P450					256:259	CYTOCHROME P450	245:259	CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)	245:314	ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE1 (ATR1) and ATR2 provide electrons from NADPH to a large number of CYTOCHROME P450 (CYP450) enzymes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
26972338	0	0	from	Characterization	19:34	arg1	Cuticle					85:91	the Larval Cuticle	74:91	the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	74:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	1	1	theme	chitin	145:150	arg1	filaments					152:160	chitin filaments	145:160	chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs)	145:209	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
26972338	6	2	theme	proteins	874:881	arg1	CPs					901:903	CPs	901:903	CPs	901:903	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	2	theme	proteins	874:881	arg1	total					861:865	A total	859:865	A total of 103 proteins	859:881	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	2	3	contain	have	230:233	arg2	differences					241:251	minor differences	235:251	minor differences	235:251	Cuticular chitins have minor differences, whereas CPs are widely variable with respect to their sequences and structures.
26972338	2	3	contain	have	230:233	arg1	chitins					222:228	Cuticular chitins	212:228	Cuticular chitins	212:228	Cuticular chitins have minor differences, whereas CPs are widely variable with respect to their sequences and structures.
26972338	0	4	from	Identification	0:13	arg1	Cuticle					85:91	the Larval Cuticle	74:91	the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	74:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	6	5	theme	BmCPG1	1081:1086	arg1	homologues					1088:1097	BmCPG1 homologues	1081:1097	BmCPG1 homologues	1081:1097	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	6	theme	CP	936:937	arg1	families					939:946	11 CP families	933:946	11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues	933:1141	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	0	7	theme	Silkworm	96:103	arg1	Cuticle					85:91	the Larval Cuticle	74:91	the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	74:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	6	8	theme	BmCPG20	1100:1106	arg1	homologues					1108:1117	BmCPG20 homologues	1100:1117	BmCPG20 homologues	1100:1117	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	3	9	theme	cuticle	508:514	arg1	structure					516:524	the cuticle structure	504:524	the cuticle structure	504:524	To understand the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle, it is necessary to know which CPs interact with chitin and how they are assembled into the cuticle structure.
26972338	4	10	theme	chromatography-tandem	605:625	arg1	spectrometry					632:643	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	598:643	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	598:643	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	7	11	theme	families	1163:1170	arg1	total					1146:1150	A total	1144:1150	A total of five CP families	1144:1170	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	7	12	theme	chitin-binding	1201:1214	arg1	fraction					1216:1223	the chitin-binding fraction	1197:1223	the chitin-binding fraction	1197:1223	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	1	13	theme	embedded	162:169	arg1	filaments					152:160	chitin filaments	145:160	chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs)	145:209	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
26972338	0	14	theme	Bombyx	106:111	arg1	Silkworm					96:103	Silkworm	96:103	Silkworm	96:103	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	14	theme	Bombyx	106:111	arg1	mori					113:116	Bombyx mori	106:116	Bombyx mori	106:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	7	15	theme	larval	1334:1339	arg1	cuticle					1341:1347	the silkworm larval cuticle	1321:1347	the silkworm larval cuticle	1321:1347	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	5	16	theme	proteins	745:752	arg1	200					799:801	200	799:801	200	799:801	There were 463 proteins identified from the silkworm larval cuticle, 200 of which were recovered in the chitin-binding fraction.
26972338	5	16	theme	proteins	745:752	arg1	proteins					745:752	463 proteins	741:752	463 proteins	741:752	There were 463 proteins identified from the silkworm larval cuticle, 200 of which were recovered in the chitin-binding fraction.
26972338	6	17	theme	BmCPH9	1062:1067	arg1	homologues					1069:1078	BmCPH9 homologues	1062:1078	BmCPH9 homologues	1062:1078	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	4	18	theme	mass	627:630	arg1	spectrometry					632:643	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	598:643	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	598:643	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	5	19	theme	silkworm	774:781	arg1	cuticle					790:796	the silkworm larval cuticle	770:796	the silkworm larval cuticle	770:796	There were 463 proteins identified from the silkworm larval cuticle, 200 of which were recovered in the chitin-binding fraction.
26972338	7	20	theme	cuticle	1341:1347	arg1	structure					1294:1302	structure	1294:1302	structure	1294:1302	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	7	20	theme	cuticle	1341:1347	arg1	function					1309:1316	function	1309:1316	function	1309:1316	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	7	20	theme	cuticle	1341:1347	arg1	composition					1281:1291	composition	1281:1291	composition	1281:1291	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	7	21	theme	CP	1160:1161	arg1	families					1163:1170	five CP families	1155:1170	five CP families	1155:1170	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	3	22	theme	cuticle	408:414	arg1	properties					394:403	the mechanical properties	379:403	the mechanical properties of cuticle	379:414	To understand the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle, it is necessary to know which CPs interact with chitin and how they are assembled into the cuticle structure.
26972338	5	23	theme	larval	783:788	arg1	cuticle					790:796	the silkworm larval cuticle	770:796	the silkworm larval cuticle	770:796	There were 463 proteins identified from the silkworm larval cuticle, 200 of which were recovered in the chitin-binding fraction.
26972338	4	24	theme	silkworm	707:714	arg1	mori					724:727	silkworm, Bombyx mori	707:727	silkworm, Bombyx mori	707:727	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	25	theme	Proteins	60:67	arg1	Characterization					19:34	Characterization	19:34	Characterization	19:34	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	25	theme	Proteins	60:67	arg1	Identification					0:13	Identification	0:13	Identification	0:13	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	5	26	theme	chitin-binding	834:847	arg1	fraction					849:856	the chitin-binding fraction	830:856	the chitin-binding fraction	830:856	There were 463 proteins identified from the silkworm larval cuticle, 200 of which were recovered in the chitin-binding fraction.
26972338	4	27	theme	mori	724:727	arg1	cuticle					696:702	the larval cuticle	685:702	the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori	685:727	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	3	28	theme	molecular	352:360	arg1	basis					362:366	the molecular basis	348:366	the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle	348:414	To understand the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle, it is necessary to know which CPs interact with chitin and how they are assembled into the cuticle structure.
26972338	1	29	theme	cuticular	186:194	arg1	CPs					206:208	CPs	206:208	CPs	206:208	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
26972338	1	29	theme	cuticular	186:194	arg1	proteins					196:203	cuticular proteins	186:203	cuticular proteins (CPs)	186:209	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
26972338	0	30	theme	Chitin-Binding	45:58	arg1	Proteins					60:67	Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins	39:67	Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	39:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	31	from	Cuticle	85:91	arg1	Characterization					19:34	Characterization	19:34	Characterization	19:34	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	31	from	Cuticle	85:91	arg1	Identification					0:13	Identification	0:13	Identification	0:13	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	31	from	Cuticle	85:91	arg1	Proteins					60:67	Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins	39:67	Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	39:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	2	32	theme	Cuticular	212:220	arg1	chitins					222:228	Cuticular chitins	212:228	Cuticular chitins	212:228	Cuticular chitins have minor differences, whereas CPs are widely variable with respect to their sequences and structures.
26972338	7	33	dep	composition	1281:1291	arg1	the					1277:1279	the	1277:1279	the	1277:1279	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	1	34	theme	proteins	196:203	arg1	matrix					176:181	a matrix	174:181	a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs)	174:209	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
26972338	0	35	theme	Novel	39:43	arg1	Proteins					60:67	Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins	39:67	Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	39:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	4	36	theme	present	534:540	arg1	study					542:546	the present study	530:546	the present study	530:546	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	6	37	theme	BmCPG21	1124:1130	arg1	homologues					1132:1141	BmCPG21 homologues	1124:1141	BmCPG21 homologues	1124:1141	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	4	38	theme	liquid	598:603	arg1	spectrometry					632:643	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	598:643	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	598:643	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	4	39	theme	larval	689:694	arg1	cuticle					696:702	the larval cuticle	685:702	the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori	685:727	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	3	40	theme	mechanical	383:392	arg1	properties					394:403	the mechanical properties	379:403	the mechanical properties of cuticle	379:414	To understand the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle, it is necessary to know which CPs interact with chitin and how they are assembled into the cuticle structure.
26972338	4	41	dep	performed	576:584	arg1	followed					586:593	followed	586:593	followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori	586:727	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	6	42	theme	BmCPH2	1043:1048	arg1	homologues					1050:1059	BmCPH2 homologues	1043:1059	BmCPH2 homologues	1043:1059	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	homologues					1108:1117	BmCPG20 homologues	1100:1117	BmCPG20 homologues	1100:1117	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	chitin_bind					1028:1038	chitin_bind 3	1028:1040	chitin_bind 3	1028:1040	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	CPR					991:993	CPR	991:993	CPR	991:993	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	homologues					1069:1078	BmCPH9 homologues	1062:1078	BmCPH9 homologues	1062:1078	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	CPF					1007:1009	CPF	1007:1009	CPF	1007:1009	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	homologues					1132:1141	BmCPG21 homologues	1124:1141	BmCPG21 homologues	1124:1141	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	CPAP					996:999	CPAP	996:999	CPAP	996:999	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	motifs					973:978	their conserved motifs	957:978	their conserved motifs	957:978	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	homologues					1050:1059	BmCPH2 homologues	1043:1059	BmCPH2 homologues	1043:1059	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	homologues					1088:1097	BmCPG1 homologues	1081:1097	BmCPG1 homologues	1081:1097	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	CPT					1002:1004	CPT	1002:1004	CPT	1002:1004	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	6	43	theme	conserved	963:971	arg1	CPCFC					1021:1025	CPCFC	1021:1025	CPCFC	1021:1025	A total of 103 proteins were annotated as CPs, which were classified into 11 CP families based on their conserved motifs, including CPR, CPAP, CPT, CPF and CPFL, CPCFC, chitin_bind 3, BmCPH2 homologues, BmCPH9 homologues, BmCPG1 homologues, BmCPG20 homologues, and BmCPG21 homologues.
26972338	4	44	from	cuticle	696:702	arg1	proteins					671:678	the extracted proteins	657:678	the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori	657:727	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	2	45	theme	minor	235:239	arg1	differences					241:251	minor differences	235:251	minor differences	235:251	Cuticular chitins have minor differences, whereas CPs are widely variable with respect to their sequences and structures.
26972338	4	46	dep	silkworm	707:714	arg1	Bombyx					717:722	Bombyx	717:722	Bombyx	717:722	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	4	47	theme	chitin-binding	551:564	arg1	assay					566:570	a chitin-binding assay	549:570	a chitin-binding assay	549:570	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	0	48	theme	Larval	78:83	arg1	Cuticle					85:91	the Larval Cuticle	74:91	the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori	74:116	Identification and Characterization of Novel Chitin-Binding Proteins from the Larval Cuticle of Silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	7	49	theme	silkworm	1325:1332	arg1	cuticle					1341:1347	the silkworm larval cuticle	1321:1347	the silkworm larval cuticle	1321:1347	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	3	50	dep	know	436:439	arg1	assembled					489:497	assembled	489:497	are assembled into the cuticle structure	485:524	To understand the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle, it is necessary to know which CPs interact with chitin and how they are assembled into the cuticle structure.
26972338	3	50	dep	know	436:439	arg1	interact					451:458	interact	451:458	interact with chitin	451:470	To understand the molecular basis underlying the mechanical properties of cuticle, it is necessary to know which CPs interact with chitin and how they are assembled into the cuticle structure.
26972338	1	51	from	matrix	176:181	arg1	embedded					162:169	embedded	162:169	embedded	162:169	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
26972338	4	52	theme	extracted	661:669	arg1	proteins					671:678	the extracted proteins	657:678	the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori	657:727	In the present study, a chitin-binding assay was performed followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the extracted proteins from the larval cuticle of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
26972338	7	53	theme	new	1244:1246	arg1	information					1248:1258	new information	1244:1258	new information	1244:1258	A total of five CP families were newly identified in the chitin-binding fraction, thereby providing new information and insight into the composition, structure, and function of the silkworm larval cuticle.
26972338	1	54	from	embedded	162:169	arg1	matrix					176:181	a matrix	174:181	a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs)	174:209	Cuticle is mainly made of chitin filaments embedded in a matrix of cuticular proteins (CPs).
28928064	1	0	theme	Calcium	151:157	arg1	ECAA					177:180	ECAA	177:180	ECAA	177:180	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	1	0	theme	Calcium	151:157	arg1	Aerogel					168:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel	118:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA)	118:181	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	4	1	used	used	571:574	arg2	ECAA					518:521	the ECAA	514:521	the ECAA	514:521	Moreover, the ECAA can be regenerated by simple acid treatment and used repeatedly.
28928064	3	2	theme	isotherms	461:469	arg1	effects					384:390	The effects	380:390	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms	380:469	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	5	3	theme	first	660:664	arg1	cycle					666:670	the first cycle	656:670	the first cycle	656:670	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	6	4	dep	adsorbent	919:927	arg1	adsorbent					919:927	adsorbent	919:927	adsorbent	919:927	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	6	4	dep	adsorbent	919:927	arg1	aerogel					896:902	the aerogel	892:902	the aerogel	892:902	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	6	4	dep	adsorbent	919:927	arg1	recover					945:951	recover	945:951	recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water	945:996	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	6	4	dep	adsorbent	919:927	arg1	separate					932:939	separate	932:939	separate	932:939	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	5	5	theme	-CO-NH	829:834	arg1	chelation					816:824	the chelation	812:824	the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH	812:848	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	4	6	theme	simple	545:550	arg1	treatment					557:565	simple acid treatment	545:565	simple acid treatment	545:565	Moreover, the ECAA can be regenerated by simple acid treatment and used repeatedly.
28928064	0	7	from	alginate	50:57	arg1	removal					83:89	removal	83:89	removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water	83:115	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	2	8	theme	FTIR	335:338	arg1	spectra					340:346	the FTIR spectra	331:346	the FTIR spectra	331:346	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	2	8	theme	FTIR	335:338	arg1	analysis					353:360	SEM analysis	349:360	SEM analysis	349:360	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	2	8	theme	FTIR	335:338	arg1	analysis					370:377	XPS analysis	366:377	XPS analysis	366:377	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	0	9	theme	Pb2+and	94:100	arg1	water					111:115	Pb2+and Cu2+from water	94:115	Pb2+and Cu2+from water	94:115	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	2	10	theme	XPS	366:368	arg1	spectra					340:346	the FTIR spectra	331:346	the FTIR spectra	331:346	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	2	10	theme	XPS	366:368	arg1	analysis					370:377	XPS analysis	366:377	XPS analysis	366:377	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	5	11	theme	confirmed	677:685	arg1	process					702:708	confirmed the adsorption process	677:708	confirmed the adsorption process	677:708	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	5	12	dep	spectra	740:746	arg1	indicated					765:773	indicated	765:773	indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH	765:848	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	2	13	theme	SEM	349:351	arg1	spectra					340:346	the FTIR spectra	331:346	the FTIR spectra	331:346	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	2	13	theme	SEM	349:351	arg1	analysis					353:360	SEM analysis	349:360	SEM analysis	349:360	The prepared adsorbent was characterized by using the FTIR spectra, SEM analysis and XPS analysis.
28928064	0	14	theme	aerogels	25:32	arg1	Preparation					0:10	Preparation	0:10	Preparation of composite aerogels	0:32	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	0	15	theme	water	111:115	arg1	removal					83:89	removal	83:89	removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water	83:115	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	3	16	theme	ion	417:419	arg1	concentration					421:433	initial metal ion concentration	403:433	initial metal ion concentration	403:433	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	0	17	theme	composite	15:23	arg1	aerogels					25:32	composite aerogels	15:32	composite aerogels	15:32	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	1	18	theme	aqueous	262:268	arg1	solutions					270:278	aqueous solutions	262:278	aqueous solutions	262:278	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	0	19	theme	Cu2+from	102:109	arg1	water					111:115	Pb2+and Cu2+from water	94:115	Pb2+and Cu2+from water	94:115	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	0	20	from	application	68:78	arg1	removal					83:89	removal	83:89	removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water	83:115	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	1	21	theme	Alginate	159:166	arg1	ECAA					177:180	ECAA	177:180	ECAA	177:180	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	1	21	theme	Alginate	159:166	arg1	Aerogel					168:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel	118:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA)	118:181	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	3	22	theme	concentration	421:433	arg1	effects					384:390	The effects	380:390	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms	380:469	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	5	23	theme	ion	719:721	arg1	spectra					740:746	ion exchange.The XPS spectra	719:746	ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH	719:848	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	6	24	theme	metal	963:967	arg1	ions					969:972	the heavy metal ions	953:972	the heavy metal ions	953:972	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	6	25	theme	contaminated	979:990	arg1	water					992:996	contaminated water	979:996	contaminated water	979:996	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	3	26	theme	initial	403:409	arg1	concentration					421:433	initial metal ion concentration	403:433	initial metal ion concentration	403:433	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	3	27	theme	pH	399:400	arg1	effects					384:390	The effects	380:390	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms	380:469	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	5	28	theme	exchange.The	723:734	arg1	spectra					740:746	ion exchange.The XPS spectra	719:746	ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH	719:848	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	1	29	theme	freeze-drying	202:214	arg1	method					216:221	freeze-drying method	202:221	freeze-drying method	202:221	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	5	30	theme	XPS	736:738	arg1	spectra					740:746	ion exchange.The XPS spectra	719:746	ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH	719:848	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	6	31	theme	heavy	957:961	arg1	ions					969:972	the heavy metal ions	953:972	the heavy metal ions	953:972	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	3	32	theme	kinetics	447:454	arg1	effects					384:390	The effects	380:390	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms	380:469	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	0	33	theme	sodium	43:48	arg1	alginate					50:57	sodium alginate	43:57	sodium alginate	43:57	Preparation of composite aerogels based on sodium alginate, and its application in removal of Pb2+and Cu2+from water.
28928064	5	34	theme	no	626:627	arg1	Ca2+					629:632	almost no Ca2+	619:632	almost no Ca2+	619:632	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	1	35	used	used	228:231	arg2	Aerogel					168:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel	118:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA)	118:181	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	1	35	used	used	228:231	arg2	ECAA					177:180	ECAA	177:180	ECAA	177:180	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	6	36	from	studies	874:880	arg1	results					855:861	The results	851:861	The results from these studies	851:880	The results from these studies indicated the aerogel is a promising adsorbent to separate and recover the heavy metal ions from contaminated water.
28928064	3	37	theme	adsorption	436:445	arg1	kinetics					447:454	adsorption kinetics	436:454	adsorption kinetics	436:454	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	4	38	theme	acid	552:555	arg1	treatment					557:565	simple acid treatment	545:565	simple acid treatment	545:565	Moreover, the ECAA can be regenerated by simple acid treatment and used repeatedly.
28928064	3	39	theme	metal	411:415	arg1	concentration					421:433	initial metal ion concentration	403:433	initial metal ion concentration	403:433	The effects of the pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms had been studied systematically.
28928064	1	40	theme	novel	120:124	arg1	ECAA					177:180	ECAA	177:180	ECAA	177:180	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	1	40	theme	novel	120:124	arg1	Aerogel					168:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel	118:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA)	118:181	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	5	41	theme	adsorption	691:700	arg1	process					702:708	confirmed the adsorption process	677:708	confirmed the adsorption process	677:708	It is interesting to note that almost no Ca2+ can be detected after the first cycle that confirmed the adsorption process involves ion exchange.The XPS spectra analyses further indicated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ were adsorbed via the chelation of -CO-NH, -NH2 and -OH.
28928064	1	42	theme	Ethylenediamine-Modified	126:149	arg1	ECAA					177:180	ECAA	177:180	ECAA	177:180	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
28928064	1	42	theme	Ethylenediamine-Modified	126:149	arg1	Aerogel					168:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel	118:174	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA)	118:181	A novel Ethylenediamine-Modified Calcium Alginate Aerogel (ECAA) was synthesized by freeze-drying method, and used to remove Pb2+ and Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
24751731	6	0	theme	release	887:893	arg1	pattern					895:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern	860:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch	860:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	2	1	theme	ciprofloxacin	269:281	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	1	theme	ciprofloxacin	269:281	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	2	theme	poly	316:319	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	2	theme	poly	316:319	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	4	3	theme	electron	625:632	arg1	microscopy					634:643	the scanning electron microscopy	612:643	the scanning electron microscopy	612:643	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and swelling behavior.
24751731	9	4	theme	unloaded	1201:1208	arg1	patch					1210:1214	drug unloaded patch	1196:1214	drug unloaded patch	1196:1214	The in vivo studies demonstrate that, wound healing takes place in less time as compared drug unloaded patch.
24751731	2	5	theme	hydrophilic	290:300	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	5	theme	hydrophilic	290:300	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	7	6	theme	different	992:1000	arg1	models					1002:1007	different models	992:1007	different models	992:1007	The mechanism of drug release was also studied using different models.
24751731	6	7	theme	transdermal	920:930	arg1	patch					932:936	transdermal patch	920:936	transdermal patch	920:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	6	8	theme	drug	910:913	arg1	pattern					895:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern	860:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch	860:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	2	9	theme	present	235:241	arg1	investigation					243:255	the present investigation	231:255	the present investigation	231:255	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	10	10	from	maximum	1289:1295	arg1	case					1300:1303	case	1300:1303	case	1300:1303	Hydroxyproline produced in wound bed with time shows that it content is maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch.
24751731	0	11	theme	electrospun	49:59	arg1	nanofibers					71:80	electrospun composite nanofibers	49:80	electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal	49:92	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	3	12	theme	active	532:537	arg1	loading					539:545	active loading	532:545	active loading	532:545	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin was loaded in it by active loading.
24751731	7	13	theme	drug	956:959	arg1	release					961:967	drug release	956:967	drug release	956:967	The mechanism of drug release was also studied using different models.
24751731	1	14	theme	fast	141:144	arg1	delivery					146:153	the fast delivery	137:153	the fast delivery of drug to control infections	137:183	Acute injuries or wound is required the fast delivery of drug to control infections without any side effect.
24751731	10	15	theme	wound	1244:1248	arg1	bed					1250:1252	wound bed	1244:1252	wound bed	1244:1252	Hydroxyproline produced in wound bed with time shows that it content is maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch.
24751731	5	16	theme	composite	755:763	arg1	patch					788:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	8	17	theme	nanofiber	1014:1022	arg1	patch					1036:1040	The nanofiber transdermal patch	1010:1040	The nanofiber transdermal patch	1010:1040	The nanofiber transdermal patch follows the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release.
24751731	5	18	dep	in	672:673	arg1	vivo					675:678	vivo	675:678	vivo	675:678	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	11	19	theme	PVA-NaAlg	1406:1414	arg1	patch					1428:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	2	20	theme	composite	381:389	arg1	nanofiber					391:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	21	from	direction	218:226	arg1	investigation					243:255	the present investigation	231:255	the present investigation	231:255	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	22	theme	local	443:447	arg1	delivery					449:456	local delivery	443:456	local delivery of antibiotic drug	443:475	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	11	23	theme	drug	1394:1397	arg1	patch					1428:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	0	24	theme	In	0:1	arg1	healing					14:20	In vivo wound healing	0:20	In vivo wound healing performance of drug	0:40	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	0	25	theme	wound	8:12	arg1	healing					14:20	In vivo wound healing	0:20	In vivo wound healing performance of drug	0:40	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	2	26	theme	drug	472:475	arg1	delivery					449:456	local delivery	443:456	local delivery of antibiotic drug	443:475	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	4	27	theme	drug	552:555	arg1	entrapped					557:565	The drug entrapped	548:565	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers	548:593	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and swelling behavior.
24751731	10	28	theme	it	1275:1276	arg1	content					1278:1284	it content	1275:1284	it content	1275:1284	Hydroxyproline produced in wound bed with time shows that it content is maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch.
24751731	2	29	theme	based	401:405	arg1	patch					419:423	based transdermal patch	401:423	based transdermal patch	401:423	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	5	30	theme	transdermal	776:786	arg1	patch					788:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	6	31	dep	in	833:834	arg1	vitro					836:840	vitro	836:840	vitro	836:840	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	3	32	theme	antibiotic	482:491	arg1	ciprofloxacin					498:510	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin	478:510	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin	478:510	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin was loaded in it by active loading.
24751731	0	33	theme	drug	37:40	arg1	performance					22:32	In vivo wound healing performance	0:32	In vivo wound healing performance of drug	0:40	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	8	34	theme	drug	1093:1096	arg1	release					1098:1104	drug release	1093:1104	drug release	1093:1104	The nanofiber transdermal patch follows the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release.
24751731	6	35	from	patch	932:936	arg1	pattern					895:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern	860:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch	860:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	6	35	from	patch	932:936	arg1	drug					910:913	the drug	906:913	the drug from transdermal patch	906:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	6	36	from	pattern	895:901	arg1	patch					932:936	transdermal patch	920:936	transdermal patch	920:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	0	37	dep	In	0:1	arg1	vivo					3:6	vivo	3:6	vivo	3:6	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	5	38	theme	unloaded	746:753	arg1	patch					788:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	10	39	theme	PAV-NaAlg	1317:1325	arg1	patch					1327:1331	PAV-NaAlg patch	1317:1331	PAV-NaAlg patch	1317:1331	Hydroxyproline produced in wound bed with time shows that it content is maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch.
24751731	2	40	theme	sodium	345:350	arg1	nanofiber					391:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	41	theme	loaded	283:288	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	41	theme	loaded	283:288	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	6	42	theme	controlled	876:885	arg1	pattern					895:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern	860:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch	860:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	4	43	theme	composite	574:582	arg1	nanofibers					584:593	the composite nanofibers	570:593	the composite nanofibers	570:593	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and swelling behavior.
24751731	9	44	theme	less	1174:1177	arg1	time					1179:1182	less time	1174:1182	less time	1174:1182	The in vivo studies demonstrate that, wound healing takes place in less time as compared drug unloaded patch.
24751731	2	45	theme	antibiotic	258:267	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	45	theme	antibiotic	258:267	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	1	46	theme	drug	158:161	arg1	delivery					146:153	the fast delivery	137:153	the fast delivery of drug to control infections	137:183	Acute injuries or wound is required the fast delivery of drug to control infections without any side effect.
24751731	6	47	theme	sustained	862:870	arg1	pattern					895:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern	860:901	a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch	860:936	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	4	48	theme	swelling	649:656	arg1	behavior					658:665	swelling behavior	649:665	swelling behavior	649:665	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and swelling behavior.
24751731	2	49	theme	vinyl	321:325	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	49	theme	vinyl	321:325	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	1	50	theme	control	166:172	arg1	infections					174:183	control infections	166:183	control infections	166:183	Acute injuries or wound is required the fast delivery of drug to control infections without any side effect.
24751731	9	51	theme	drug	1196:1199	arg1	patch					1210:1214	drug unloaded patch	1196:1214	drug unloaded patch	1196:1214	The in vivo studies demonstrate that, wound healing takes place in less time as compared drug unloaded patch.
24751731	2	52	theme	biodegradable	302:314	arg1	PVA					336:338	PVA	336:338	PVA	336:338	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	2	52	theme	biodegradable	302:314	arg1	alcohol					327:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol	258:333	antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	258:339	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	4	53	theme	scanning	616:623	arg1	microscopy					634:643	the scanning electron microscopy	612:643	the scanning electron microscopy	612:643	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and swelling behavior.
24751731	5	54	theme	male	704:707	arg1	rabbits					709:715	male rabbits	704:715	male rabbits	704:715	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	1	55	theme	side	197:200	arg1	effect					202:207	any side effect	193:207	any side effect	193:207	Acute injuries or wound is required the fast delivery of drug to control infections without any side effect.
24751731	5	56	theme	in	672:673	arg1	studies					680:686	The in vivo studies	668:686	The in vivo studies	668:686	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	0	57	theme	composite	61:69	arg1	nanofibers					71:80	electrospun composite nanofibers	49:80	electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal	49:92	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	0	58	theme	transdermal	82:92	arg1	nanofibers					71:80	electrospun composite nanofibers	49:80	electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal	49:92	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	7	59	theme	release	961:967	arg1	mechanism					943:951	The mechanism	939:951	The mechanism of drug release	939:967	The mechanism of drug release was also studied using different models.
24751731	8	60	theme	transdermal	1024:1034	arg1	patch					1036:1040	The nanofiber transdermal patch	1010:1040	The nanofiber transdermal patch	1010:1040	The nanofiber transdermal patch follows the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release.
24751731	11	61	theme	loaded	1399:1404	arg1	patch					1428:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	10	62	from	case	1300:1303	arg1	maximum					1289:1295	maximum	1289:1295	maximum	1289:1295	Hydroxyproline produced in wound bed with time shows that it content is maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch.
24751731	1	63	dep	wound	119:123	arg1	is					125:126	is	125:126	is	125:126	Acute injuries or wound is required the fast delivery of drug to control infections without any side effect.
24751731	11	64	theme	case	1389:1392	arg1	patch					1428:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	2	65	theme	electrospun	369:379	arg1	nanofiber					391:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	4	66	from	entrapped	557:565	arg1	nanofibers					584:593	the composite nanofibers	570:593	the composite nanofibers	570:593	The drug entrapped in the composite nanofibers was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy and swelling behavior.
24751731	8	67	theme	Higuchi	1054:1060	arg1	model					1083:1087	the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model	1050:1087	the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release	1050:1104	The nanofiber transdermal patch follows the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release.
24751731	11	68	theme	wound	1357:1361	arg1	healing					1363:1369	wound healing	1357:1369	wound healing rate	1357:1374	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	2	69	dep	alcohol	327:333	arg1	patch					419:423	based transdermal patch	401:423	based transdermal patch	401:423	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	10	70	theme	maximum	1289:1295	arg1	drug					1305:1308	maximum in case drug	1289:1308	maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch	1289:1331	Hydroxyproline produced in wound bed with time shows that it content is maximum in case drug loaded PAV-NaAlg patch.
24751731	2	71	theme	NaAlg	362:366	arg1	nanofiber					391:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	0	72	theme	healing	14:20	arg1	performance					22:32	In vivo wound healing performance	0:32	In vivo wound healing performance of drug	0:40	In vivo wound healing performance of drug loaded electrospun composite nanofibers transdermal patch.
24751731	8	73	theme	Korsmeyer-Peppas	1066:1081	arg1	model					1083:1087	the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model	1050:1087	the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release	1050:1104	The nanofiber transdermal patch follows the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model for drug release.
24751731	1	74	theme	Acute	101:105	arg1	injuries					107:114	Acute injuries	101:114	Acute injuries	101:114	Acute injuries or wound is required the fast delivery of drug to control infections without any side effect.
24751731	11	75	theme	transdermal	1416:1426	arg1	patch					1428:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch	1389:1432	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	2	76	theme	transdermal	407:417	arg1	patch					419:423	based transdermal patch	401:423	based transdermal patch	401:423	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	5	77	theme	nanofibers	765:774	arg1	patch					788:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch	746:792	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
24751731	2	78	theme	antibiotic	461:470	arg1	drug					472:475	antibiotic drug	461:475	antibiotic drug	461:475	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	9	79	theme	in	1111:1112	arg1	studies					1119:1125	The in vivo studies	1107:1125	The in vivo studies	1107:1125	The in vivo studies demonstrate that, wound healing takes place in less time as compared drug unloaded patch.
24751731	6	80	theme	in	833:834	arg1	activity					842:849	in vitro activity	833:849	in vitro activity	833:849	It is observed that, in vitro activity provides a sustained and controlled release pattern of the drug from transdermal patch.
24751731	3	81	theme	drug	493:496	arg1	ciprofloxacin					498:510	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin	478:510	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin	478:510	The antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin was loaded in it by active loading.
24751731	2	82	theme	alginate	352:359	arg1	nanofiber					391:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber	345:399	In this direction in the present investigation, antibiotic ciprofloxacin loaded hydrophilic biodegradable poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (NaAlg) electrospun composite nanofiber based transdermal patch was developed for local delivery of antibiotic drug.
24751731	9	83	dep	in	1111:1112	arg1	vivo					1114:1117	vivo	1114:1117	vivo	1114:1117	The in vivo studies demonstrate that, wound healing takes place in less time as compared drug unloaded patch.
24751731	11	84	theme	healing	1363:1369	arg1	rate					1371:1374	wound healing rate	1357:1374	wound healing rate	1357:1374	This demonstrates that wound healing rate is higher in case drug loaded PVA-NaAlg transdermal patch.
24751731	9	85	theme	wound	1145:1149	arg1	healing					1151:1157	wound healing	1145:1157	wound healing	1145:1157	The in vivo studies demonstrate that, wound healing takes place in less time as compared drug unloaded patch.
24751731	5	86	theme	marketed	798:805	arg1	one					807:809	marketed one	798:809	marketed one	798:809	The in vivo studies were carried on male rabbits by using the drug loaded and unloaded composite nanofibers transdermal patch and marketed one.
25187160	6	0	theme	YNB	1309:1311	arg1	cultivation					1313:1323	the YNB cultivation	1305:1323	the YNB cultivation	1305:1323	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	3	1	theme	fumigatus	541:549	arg1	galactomannan					512:524	the galactomannan	508:524	the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus	508:549	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	6	2	theme	N-linked	1244:1251	arg1	moieties					1266:1273	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	1244:1273	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	1244:1273	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	7	3	theme	diagnostic	1485:1494	arg1	system					1496:1501	the EIA diagnostic system	1477:1501	the EIA diagnostic system	1477:1501	The galactomannans derived from the two culture conditions significantly differed in reactivity based on the EIA diagnostic system.
25187160	3	4	theme	Aspergillus	529:539	arg1	fumigatus					541:549	Aspergillus fumigatus	529:549	Aspergillus fumigatus	529:549	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	4	5	theme	YNB	867:869	arg1	medium					872:877	yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium	846:877	yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium	846:877	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	2	6	theme	infection	297:305	arg1	Diagnosis					279:287	Diagnosis	279:287	Diagnosis of this infection	279:305	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	0	7	theme	culture	156:162	arg1	conditions					164:173	different culture conditions	146:173	different culture conditions	146:173	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	4	8	theme	galactomannans	697:710	arg1	conditions					665:674	the growth conditions	654:674	the growth conditions	654:674	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	4	8	theme	galactomannans	697:710	arg1	structure					680:688	structure	680:688	structure	680:688	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	6	9	link	N-linked	1244:1251	arg1	moieties					1266:1273	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	1244:1273	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	1244:1273	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	2	10	theme	circulating	343:353	arg1	galactomannan					355:367	the circulating galactomannan	339:367	the circulating galactomannan	339:367	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	1	11	theme	important	205:213	arg1	aspergillosis					185:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	1	11	theme	important	205:213	arg1	cause					215:219	an important cause	202:219	an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients	202:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	6	12	theme	β-1,5-linked	1166:1177	arg1	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	4	13	theme	growth	658:663	arg1	conditions					665:674	the growth conditions	654:674	the growth conditions	654:674	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	1	14	from	morbidity	224:232	arg1	patients					269:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	6	15	contain	had	1156:1158	arg1	galactomannan					1117:1129	the galactomannan	1113:1129	the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation	1113:1154	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	6	15	contain	had	1156:1158	arg2	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	7	16	theme	culture	1412:1418	arg1	conditions					1420:1429	the two culture conditions	1404:1429	the two culture conditions	1404:1429	The galactomannans derived from the two culture conditions significantly differed in reactivity based on the EIA diagnostic system.
25187160	1	17	from	mortality	238:246	arg1	patients					269:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	6	18	theme	Galf	1343:1346	arg1	chains					1364:1369	long Galf oligosaccharide chains	1338:1369	long Galf oligosaccharide chains	1338:1369	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	1	19	from	patients	269:276	arg1	aspergillosis					185:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	1	19	from	patients	269:276	arg1	cause					215:219	an important cause	202:219	an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients	202:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	1	20	from	cause	215:219	arg1	patients					269:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	4	21	theme	distinct	748:755	arg1	media					782:786	two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media	744:786	two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media	744:786	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	3	22	from	results	594:600	arg1	present					577:583	present	577:583	present	577:583	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	5	23	theme	α-mannosidase	1059:1071	arg1	degradation					1073:1083	α-mannosidase degradation	1059:1083	α-mannosidase degradation	1059:1083	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	3	24	theme	structural	486:495	arg1	studies					497:503	many structural studies	481:503	many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus	481:549	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	0	25	theme	carbohydrate	54:65	arg1	moieties					67:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	45:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	45:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	5	26	theme	resulting	913:921	arg1	supernatants					931:942	the resulting culture supernatants	909:942	the resulting culture supernatants	909:942	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	0	27	from	change	23:28	arg1	O-					38:39	O-	38:39	O-	38:39	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	0	27	from	change	23:28	arg1	moieties					67:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	45:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	45:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	6	28	link	β-1,5-linked	1166:1177	arg1	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	1	29	theme	Invasive	176:183	arg1	aspergillosis					185:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	1	29	theme	Invasive	176:183	arg1	cause					215:219	an important cause	202:219	an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients	202:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	8	30	theme	branched	1565:1572	arg1	oligosaccharide					1574:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	0	31	theme	antigenic	83:91	arg1	galactomannan					93:105	the antigenic galactomannan	79:105	the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	79:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	4	32	theme	extract-peptone-dextrose	804:827	arg1	medium					835:840	the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium	794:840	the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium	794:840	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	8	33	theme	O-linked	1597:1604	arg1	moiety					1606:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	4	34	theme	cultivation	770:780	arg1	media					782:786	two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media	744:786	two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media	744:786	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	0	35	theme	Significant	0:10	arg1	change					23:28	Significant structural change	0:28	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	0:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	2	36	theme	specific	445:452	arg1	system					454:459	a highly sensitive and specific system	422:459	a highly sensitive and specific system	422:459	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	2	36	theme	specific	445:452	arg1	immunoassay					403:413	enzyme immunoassay	396:413	enzyme immunoassay (EIA)	396:419	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	4	37	theme	yeast	846:850	arg1	YNB					867:869	yeast nitrogen base (YNB)	846:870	yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium	846:877	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	2	38	theme	sensitive	431:439	arg1	system					454:459	a highly sensitive and specific system	422:459	a highly sensitive and specific system	422:459	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	2	38	theme	sensitive	431:439	arg1	immunoassay					403:413	enzyme immunoassay	396:413	enzyme immunoassay (EIA)	396:419	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	5	39	theme	methylation	1022:1032	arg1	analysis					1034:1041	methylation analysis	1022:1041	methylation analysis	1022:1041	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	4	40	theme	base	861:864	arg1	YNB					867:869	yeast nitrogen base (YNB)	846:870	yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium	846:877	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	3	41	theme	galactomannan	512:524	arg1	studies					497:503	many structural studies	481:503	many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus	481:549	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	4	42	theme	YPD	830:832	arg1	medium					835:840	the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium	794:840	the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium	794:840	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	6	43	from	cultivation	1144:1154	arg1	galactomannan					1117:1129	the galactomannan	1113:1129	the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation	1113:1154	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	1	44	theme	mortality	238:246	arg1	aspergillosis					185:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	1	44	theme	mortality	238:246	arg1	cause					215:219	an important cause	202:219	an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients	202:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	7	45	theme	EIA	1481:1483	arg1	system					1496:1501	the EIA diagnostic system	1477:1501	the EIA diagnostic system	1477:1501	The galactomannans derived from the two culture conditions significantly differed in reactivity based on the EIA diagnostic system.
25187160	5	46	theme	nuclear	994:1000	arg1	resonance					1011:1019	(1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	979:1019	resonance	1011:1019	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	6	47	from	cultivation	1313:1323	arg1	galactomannan					1286:1298	the galactomannan	1282:1298	the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation	1282:1323	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	8	48	link	O-linked	1597:1604	arg1	moiety					1606:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	0	49	from	fumigatus	124:132	arg1	O-					38:39	O-	38:39	O-	38:39	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	0	49	from	fumigatus	124:132	arg1	moieties					67:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	45:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	45:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	0	49	from	fumigatus	124:132	arg1	galactomannan					93:105	the antigenic galactomannan	79:105	the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	79:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	2	50	theme	enzyme	396:401	arg1	EIA					416:418	EIA	416:418	EIA	416:418	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	2	50	theme	enzyme	396:401	arg1	immunoassay					403:413	enzyme immunoassay	396:413	enzyme immunoassay (EIA)	396:419	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	2	50	theme	enzyme	396:401	arg1	system					454:459	a highly sensitive and specific system	422:459	a highly sensitive and specific system	422:459	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	8	51	attach	presence	1529:1536	arg2	oligosaccharide					1574:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	8	51	attach	presence	1529:1536	arg1	moiety					1606:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	8	52	theme	novel	1543:1547	arg1	oligosaccharide					1574:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	6	53	theme	oligosaccharide	1202:1216	arg1	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	4	54	dep	medium	835:840	arg1	i.e.					789:792	i.e.	789:792	i.e.	789:792	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	0	55	link	N-linked	45:52	arg1	moieties					67:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	45:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	45:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	6	56	theme	Galf	1196:1199	arg1	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	2	57	theme	galactomannan	355:367	arg1	detection					326:334	detection	326:334	detection of the circulating galactomannan	326:367	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	6	58	theme	galactofuranose	1179:1193	arg1	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	6	59	theme	short	1160:1164	arg1	chains					1218:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains	1160:1223	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	0	60	theme	different	146:154	arg1	conditions					164:173	different culture conditions	146:173	different culture conditions	146:173	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	1	61	theme	morbidity	224:232	arg1	aspergillosis					185:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis	176:197	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	1	61	theme	morbidity	224:232	arg1	cause					215:219	an important cause	202:219	an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients	202:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	0	62	from	moieties	67:74	arg1	fumigatus					124:132	Aspergillus fumigatus	112:132	Aspergillus fumigatus	112:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	6	63	theme	carbohydrate	1253:1264	arg1	moieties					1266:1273	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	1244:1273	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	1244:1273	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	6	64	theme	oligosaccharide	1348:1362	arg1	chains					1364:1369	long Galf oligosaccharide chains	1338:1369	long Galf oligosaccharide chains	1338:1369	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	6	65	theme	long	1338:1341	arg1	chains					1364:1369	long Galf oligosaccharide chains	1338:1369	long Galf oligosaccharide chains	1338:1369	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	8	66	theme	Galf-containing	1549:1563	arg1	oligosaccharide					1574:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide	1541:1588	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	5	67	dep	H	982:982	arg1	1					980:980	1	980:980	1	980:980	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	7	68	attach	derived	1391:1397	arg2	galactomannans					1376:1389	The galactomannans	1372:1389	The galactomannans derived from the two culture conditions	1372:1429	The galactomannans derived from the two culture conditions significantly differed in reactivity based on the EIA diagnostic system.
25187160	7	68	attach	derived	1391:1397	arg1	conditions					1420:1429	the two culture conditions	1404:1429	the two culture conditions	1404:1429	The galactomannans derived from the two culture conditions significantly differed in reactivity based on the EIA diagnostic system.
25187160	5	69	theme	culture	923:929	arg1	supernatants					931:942	the resulting culture supernatants	909:942	the resulting culture supernatants	909:942	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	8	70	theme	oligosaccharide	1574:1588	arg1	presence					1529:1536	the presence	1525:1536	the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety	1525:1611	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	3	71	from	present	577:583	arg1	results					594:600	these results	588:600	these results	588:600	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	0	72	theme	galactomannan	93:105	arg1	O-					38:39	O-	38:39	O-	38:39	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	0	72	theme	galactomannan	93:105	arg1	moieties					67:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	45:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	45:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	8	73	from	presence	1529:1536	arg1	moiety					1606:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	the O-linked moiety	1593:1611	We also demonstrated the presence of a novel Galf-containing branched oligosaccharide in the O-linked moiety.
25187160	0	74	from	O-	38:39	arg1	fumigatus					124:132	Aspergillus fumigatus	112:132	Aspergillus fumigatus	112:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	4	75	theme	yeast	798:802	arg1	medium					835:840	the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium	794:840	the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium	794:840	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	0	76	theme	structural	12:21	arg1	change					23:28	Significant structural change	0:28	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	0:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	4	77	theme	yeast/fungal	757:768	arg1	media					782:786	two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media	744:786	two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media	744:786	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	1	78	theme	immunocompromised	251:267	arg1	patients					269:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	immunocompromised patients	251:276	Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients.
25187160	3	79	theme	many	481:484	arg1	studies					497:503	many structural studies	481:503	many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus	481:549	Although there are many structural studies of the galactomannan of Aspergillus fumigatus, some inconsistencies are present in these results.
25187160	0	80	theme	N-linked	45:52	arg1	moieties					67:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties	45:74	N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus	45:132	Significant structural change in both O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties of the antigenic galactomannan from Aspergillus fumigatus grown under different culture conditions.
25187160	4	81	theme	nitrogen	852:859	arg1	YNB					867:869	yeast nitrogen base (YNB)	846:870	yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium	846:877	In this study, to clarify the relationship between the growth conditions and structure of the galactomannans, we cultured A. fumigatus using two distinct yeast/fungal cultivation media, i.e. the yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YPD) medium and yeast nitrogen base (YNB) medium.
25187160	2	82	theme	patient	376:382	arg1	serum					384:388	the patient serum	372:388	the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system	372:459	Diagnosis of this infection frequently employs detection of the circulating galactomannan in the patient serum using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), a highly sensitive and specific system.
25187160	5	83	theme	C	992:992	arg1	resonance					1011:1019	(1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	979:1019	resonance	1011:1019	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
25187160	6	84	theme	YPD	1140:1142	arg1	cultivation					1144:1154	the YPD cultivation	1136:1154	the YPD cultivation	1136:1154	These assays revealed that the galactomannan from the YPD cultivation had short β-1,5-linked galactofuranose (Galf) oligosaccharide chains in both the O- and N-linked carbohydrate moieties, while the galactomannan from the YNB cultivation incorporated long Galf oligosaccharide chains.
25187160	5	85	theme	magnetic	1002:1009	arg1	resonance					1011:1019	(1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance	979:1019	resonance	1011:1019	Galactomannans prepared from the resulting culture supernatants were structurally characterized by (1)H and (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance, methylation analysis, acetolysis and α-mannosidase degradation.
27220431	3	0	with	isoforms	583:590	arg1	properties					606:615	distinct properties	597:615	distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions	597:661	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	4	1	theme	first	758:762	arg1	codon					777:781	the first upstream CUG codon	754:781	the first upstream CUG codon	754:781	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
27220431	6	2	theme	L-VEGF144	1062:1070	arg1	structure					1049:1057	the genetic structure	1037:1057	the genetic structure of L-VEGF144	1037:1070	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	10	3	theme	VEGF	1728:1731	arg1	isoforms					1733:1740	these novel VEGF isoforms	1716:1740	these novel VEGF isoforms	1716:1740	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	1	4	from	prognoses	281:289	arg1	cancers					300:306	human cancers	294:306	human cancers	294:306	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	1	5	theme	vascular	173:180	arg1	A					208:208	vascular endothelial growth factor A	173:208	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	1	5	theme	vascular	173:180	arg1	VEGF					211:214	VEGF	211:214	VEGF	211:214	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	4	6	theme	CUG	773:775	arg1	codon					777:781	the first upstream CUG codon	754:781	the first upstream CUG codon	754:781	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
27220431	7	7	theme	same	1240:1243	arg1	time					1245:1248	the same time	1236:1248	the same time	1236:1248	At the same time, L-VEGF144 lacked most of the Nterminal fragments (exons 1-5).
27220431	9	8	contain	have	1584:1587	arg1	L-VEGF138					1574:1582	L-VEGF138	1574:1582	L-VEGF138	1574:1582	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	9	8	contain	have	1584:1587	arg1	L-VEGF144					1560:1568	L-VEGF144	1560:1568	L-VEGF144	1560:1568	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	9	8	contain	have	1584:1587	arg2	ability					1610:1616	nuclear localization ability	1589:1616	nuclear localization ability	1589:1616	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	1	9	theme	growth	194:199	arg1	A					208:208	vascular endothelial growth factor A	173:208	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	1	9	theme	growth	194:199	arg1	VEGF					211:214	VEGF	211:214	VEGF	211:214	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	2	10	theme	[call	490:494	arg1	VEGF					502:505	[call large VEGF	490:505	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	2	10	theme	[call	490:494	arg1	L-VEGF					508:513	L-VEGF	508:513	L-VEGF	508:513	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	6	11	theme	intron	1186:1191	arg1	insertion					1168:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion	1141:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6	1141:1230	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	6	11	theme	intron	1186:1191	arg1	exons					1121:1125	exons 7-8	1121:1129	exons 7-8	1121:1129	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	6	11	theme	intron	1186:1191	arg1	exon					1100:1103	partial exon 1	1092:1105	partial exon 1	1092:1105	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	6	11	theme	intron	1186:1191	arg1	exon					1108:1111	exon 6a	1108:1114	exon 6a	1108:1114	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	1	12	theme	A	208:208	arg1	isoforms					217:224	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	2	13	theme	VEGF	477:480	arg1	isoform					482:488	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	10	14	theme	complexity	1783:1792	arg1	level					1774:1778	a further level	1764:1778	a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process	1764:1818	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	5	15	theme	transcriptase-polymerase	965:988	arg1	RT-PCR					1006:1011	RT-PCR	1006:1011	RT-PCR	1006:1011	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	5	15	theme	transcriptase-polymerase	965:988	arg1	reaction					996:1003	reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	957:1003	reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	957:1012	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	3	16	theme	Alternative	518:528	arg1	splicing					530:537	Alternative splicing	518:537	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts	518:562	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	9	17	theme	fluorescent	1513:1523	arg1	proteins					1532:1539	visible fluorescent fusion proteins	1505:1539	visible fluorescent fusion proteins	1505:1539	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	6	18	theme	nucleotides	1156:1166	arg1	insertion					1168:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion	1141:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6	1141:1230	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	5	19	theme	splice	927:932	arg1	forms					934:938	the different VEGF splice forms	908:938	the different VEGF splice forms	908:938	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	6	20	theme	unique	1144:1149	arg1	insertion					1168:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion	1141:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6	1141:1230	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	3	21	theme	mRNA	547:550	arg1	transcripts					552:562	VEGF mRNA transcripts	542:562	VEGF mRNA transcripts	542:562	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	1	22	theme	expression	142:151	arg1	levels					153:158	The expression levels	138:158	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	138:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	2	23	theme	mol	470:472	arg1	wt					474:475	high mol wt	465:475	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	4	24	theme	novel	695:699	arg1	kinds					701:705	two novel kinds	691:705	two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138)	691:862	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
27220431	5	25	theme	expression	869:878	arg1	levels					880:885	The expression levels	865:885	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms	865:938	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	9	26	theme	localization	1597:1608	arg1	ability					1610:1616	nuclear localization ability	1589:1616	nuclear localization ability	1589:1616	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	8	27	theme	specific	1337:1344	arg1	model					1356:1360	a specific detection model	1335:1360	a specific detection model	1335:1360	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	2	28	theme	CUG	351:353	arg1	codon					366:370	3' CUG initiation codon	348:370	3' CUG initiation codon	348:370	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	10	29	theme	study	1656:1660	arg1	findings					1639:1646	the findings	1635:1646	the findings of this study	1635:1660	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	2	30	theme	5'-untranslated	384:398	arg1	5'-UTR					408:413	5'-UTR	408:413	5'-UTR	408:413	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	2	30	theme	5'-untranslated	384:398	arg1	region					400:405	the long 5'-untranslated region	375:405	the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA	375:431	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	0	31	theme	Heparin-binding	10:24	arg1	L-VEGF138					84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	31	theme	Heparin-binding	10:24	arg1	Factor					54:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor	0:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices	0:67	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	31	theme	Heparin-binding	10:24	arg1	L-VEGF144					70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	2	32	theme	mRNA	428:431	arg1	5'-UTR					408:413	5'-UTR	408:413	5'-UTR	408:413	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	2	32	theme	mRNA	428:431	arg1	region					400:405	the long 5'-untranslated region	375:405	the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA	375:431	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	3	33	theme	several	575:581	arg1	isoforms					583:590	several isoforms	575:590	several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions	575:661	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	0	34	theme	Endothelial	35:45	arg1	L-VEGF138					84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	34	theme	Endothelial	35:45	arg1	Factor					54:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor	0:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices	0:67	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	34	theme	Endothelial	35:45	arg1	L-VEGF144					70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	35	dep	Factor	54:59	arg1	Splices					61:67	Splices	61:67	Splices	61:67	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	5	36	theme	VEGF	922:925	arg1	forms					934:938	the different VEGF splice forms	908:938	the different VEGF splice forms	908:938	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	6	37	theme	DNA	1021:1023	arg1	sequencing					1025:1034	DNA sequencing	1021:1034	DNA sequencing	1021:1034	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	8	38	theme	cell	1455:1458	arg1	lines					1460:1464	cell lines	1455:1464	cell lines	1455:1464	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	4	39	theme	VEGF	719:722	arg1	isoforms					724:731	splicing VEGF isoforms	710:731	splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138)	710:862	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
27220431	5	40	theme	RNA	900:902	arg1	levels					880:885	The expression levels	865:885	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms	865:938	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	8	41	theme	mRNA	1421:1424	arg1	fragments					1426:1434	L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments	1411:1434	L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments	1411:1434	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	10	42	theme	novel	1722:1726	arg1	isoforms					1733:1740	these novel VEGF isoforms	1716:1740	these novel VEGF isoforms	1716:1740	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	10	43	theme	identified	1695:1704	arg1	isoforms					1706:1713	previously identified isoforms	1684:1713	previously identified isoforms	1684:1713	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	7	44	theme	Nterminal	1280:1288	arg1	exons					1301:1305	exons 1-5	1301:1309	exons 1-5	1301:1309	At the same time, L-VEGF144 lacked most of the Nterminal fragments (exons 1-5).
27220431	7	44	theme	Nterminal	1280:1288	arg1	fragments					1290:1298	the Nterminal fragments	1276:1298	the Nterminal fragments (exons 1-5)	1276:1310	At the same time, L-VEGF144 lacked most of the Nterminal fragments (exons 1-5).
27220431	8	45	from	presence	1399:1406	arg1	biopsies					1443:1450	the biopsies	1439:1450	the biopsies	1439:1450	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	8	45	from	presence	1399:1406	arg1	lines					1460:1464	cell lines	1455:1464	cell lines	1455:1464	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	1	46	theme	different	163:171	arg1	isoforms					217:224	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	2	47	dep	isoform	482:488	arg1	VEGF					502:505	[call large VEGF	490:505	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	2	47	dep	isoform	482:488	arg1	L-VEGF					508:513	L-VEGF	508:513	L-VEGF	508:513	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	3	48	theme	exon	645:648	arg1	compositions					650:661	their exon compositions	639:661	their exon compositions	639:661	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	1	49	theme	endothelial	182:192	arg1	A					208:208	vascular endothelial growth factor A	173:208	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	1	49	theme	endothelial	182:192	arg1	VEGF					211:214	VEGF	211:214	VEGF	211:214	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	4	50	theme	upstream	764:771	arg1	codon					777:781	the first upstream CUG codon	754:781	the first upstream CUG codon	754:781	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
27220431	6	51	theme	genetic	1041:1047	arg1	structure					1049:1057	the genetic structure	1037:1057	the genetic structure of L-VEGF144	1037:1070	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	0	52	theme	Glioblastoma	118:129	arg1	Cells					131:135	Human Glioblastoma Cells	112:135	Human Glioblastoma Cells	112:135	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	1	53	theme	factor	201:206	arg1	A					208:208	vascular endothelial growth factor A	173:208	different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	163:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	1	53	theme	factor	201:206	arg1	VEGF					211:214	VEGF	211:214	VEGF	211:214	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	2	54	theme	isoform	482:488	arg1	generation					451:460	the generation	447:460	the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	447:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	6	55	theme	VEGF	1181:1184	arg1	intron					1186:1191	VEGF intron 5	1181:1193	VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6	1181:1230	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	5	56	theme	reverse	957:963	arg1	RT-PCR					1006:1011	RT-PCR	1006:1011	RT-PCR	1006:1011	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	5	56	theme	reverse	957:963	arg1	reaction					996:1003	reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	957:1003	reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	957:1012	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	9	57	theme	visible	1505:1511	arg1	proteins					1532:1539	visible fluorescent fusion proteins	1505:1539	visible fluorescent fusion proteins	1505:1539	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	5	58	theme	chain	990:994	arg1	RT-PCR					1006:1011	RT-PCR	1006:1011	RT-PCR	1006:1011	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	5	58	theme	chain	990:994	arg1	reaction					996:1003	reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction	957:1003	reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)	957:1012	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	1	59	from	angiogenesis	250:261	arg1	cancers					300:306	human cancers	294:306	human cancers	294:306	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	9	60	theme	fusion	1525:1530	arg1	proteins					1532:1539	visible fluorescent fusion proteins	1505:1539	visible fluorescent fusion proteins	1505:1539	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	1	61	dep	angiogenesis	250:261	arg1	the					246:248	the	246:248	the	246:248	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	10	62	theme	further	1766:1772	arg1	level					1774:1778	a further level	1764:1778	a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process	1764:1818	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	6	63	theme	108-	1151:1154	arg1	insertion					1168:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion	1141:1176	an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6	1141:1230	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	3	64	theme	VEGF	542:545	arg1	transcripts					552:562	VEGF mRNA transcripts	542:562	VEGF mRNA transcripts	542:562	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	2	65	theme	large	496:500	arg1	VEGF					502:505	[call large VEGF	490:505	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	2	65	theme	large	496:500	arg1	L-VEGF					508:513	L-VEGF	508:513	L-VEGF	508:513	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	6	66	theme	partial	1092:1098	arg1	exon					1100:1103	partial exon 1	1092:1105	partial exon 1	1092:1105	After DNA sequencing, the genetic structure of L-VEGF144 involved not only a partial exon 1, exon 6a, and exons 7-8, but also an unique 108- nucleotides insertion of VEGF intron 5 interposed between exon 1 and exon 6.
27220431	10	67	theme	angiogenic	1801:1810	arg1	process					1812:1818	the angiogenic process	1797:1818	the angiogenic process	1797:1818	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	8	68	attach	presence	1399:1406	arg1	biopsies					1443:1450	the biopsies	1439:1450	the biopsies	1439:1450	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	8	68	attach	presence	1399:1406	arg2	fragments					1426:1434	L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments	1411:1434	L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments	1411:1434	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	8	68	attach	presence	1399:1406	arg1	lines					1460:1464	cell lines	1455:1464	cell lines	1455:1464	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	0	69	theme	Human	112:116	arg1	Cells					131:135	Human Glioblastoma Cells	112:135	Human Glioblastoma Cells	112:135	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	2	70	theme	high	465:468	arg1	wt					474:475	high mol wt	465:475	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	10	71	from	level	1774:1778	arg1	process					1812:1818	the angiogenic process	1797:1818	the angiogenic process	1797:1818	Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that, unlike previously identified isoforms, these novel VEGF isoforms are likely to suggest a further level of complexity in the angiogenic process.
27220431	9	72	theme	nuclear	1589:1595	arg1	ability					1610:1616	nuclear localization ability	1589:1616	nuclear localization ability	1589:1616	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	8	73	theme	detection	1346:1354	arg1	model					1356:1360	a specific detection model	1335:1360	a specific detection model	1335:1360	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	2	74	theme	initiation	355:364	arg1	codon					366:370	3' CUG initiation codon	348:370	3' CUG initiation codon	348:370	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	0	75	theme	Novel	4:8	arg1	L-VEGF138					84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	75	theme	Novel	4:8	arg1	Factor					54:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor	0:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices	0:67	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	75	theme	Novel	4:8	arg1	L-VEGF144					70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	76	theme	Vascular	26:33	arg1	L-VEGF138					84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	76	theme	Vascular	26:33	arg1	Factor					54:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor	0:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices	0:67	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	76	theme	Vascular	26:33	arg1	L-VEGF144					70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	7	77	dep	exons	1301:1305	arg1	1-5					1307:1309	1-5	1307:1309	1-5	1307:1309	At the same time, L-VEGF144 lacked most of the Nterminal fragments (exons 1-5).
27220431	2	78	theme	long	379:382	arg1	5'-UTR					408:413	5'-UTR	408:413	5'-UTR	408:413	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	2	78	theme	long	379:382	arg1	region					400:405	the long 5'-untranslated region	375:405	the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA	375:431	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	0	79	theme	Growth	47:52	arg1	L-VEGF138					84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	L-VEGF138	84:92	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	79	theme	Growth	47:52	arg1	Factor					54:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor	0:59	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices	0:67	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	0	79	theme	Growth	47:52	arg1	L-VEGF144					70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	L-VEGF144	70:78	Two Novel Heparin-binding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Splices, L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138, are Expressed in Human Glioblastoma Cells.
27220431	2	80	theme	VEGF	423:426	arg1	mRNA					428:431	the VEGF mRNA	419:431	the VEGF mRNA	419:431	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	3	81	theme	transcripts	552:562	arg1	splicing					530:537	Alternative splicing	518:537	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts	518:562	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	4	82	theme	isoforms	724:731	arg1	kinds					701:705	two novel kinds	691:705	two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138)	691:862	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
27220431	1	83	theme	human	294:298	arg1	cancers					300:306	human cancers	294:306	human cancers	294:306	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	5	84	theme	different	912:920	arg1	forms					934:938	the different VEGF splice forms	908:938	the different VEGF splice forms	908:938	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	2	85	theme	wt	474:475	arg1	isoform					482:488	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)]	465:515	Ribosomes specifically scan from 5' to 3' CUG initiation codon in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the VEGF mRNA, resulting in the generation of high mol wt VEGF isoform [call large VEGF (L-VEGF)].
27220431	3	86	theme	distinct	597:604	arg1	properties					606:615	distinct properties	597:615	distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions	597:661	Alternative splicing of VEGF mRNA transcripts results in several isoforms with distinct properties that are dependent up their exon compositions.
27220431	9	87	used	used	1500:1503	arg2	we					1497:1498	we	1497:1498	we	1497:1498	In addition, we used visible fluorescent fusion proteins to prove that both L-VEGF144 and L-VEGF138 have nuclear localization ability.
27220431	8	88	theme	L-VEGF144	1411:1419	arg1	fragments					1426:1434	L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments	1411:1434	L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments	1411:1434	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	8	89	theme	RT-PCR	1470:1475	arg1	assay					1477:1481	RT-PCR assay	1470:1481	RT-PCR assay	1470:1481	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	1	90	theme	isoforms	217:224	arg1	levels					153:158	The expression levels	138:158	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms	138:224	The expression levels of different vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) isoforms are associated with the angiogenesis and the patient's prognoses in human cancers.
27220431	5	91	theme	messenger	890:898	arg1	RNA					900:902	messenger RNA	890:902	messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms	890:938	The expression levels of messenger RNA for the different VEGF splice forms were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
27220431	8	92	theme	fragments	1426:1434	arg1	presence					1399:1406	the presence	1395:1406	the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines	1395:1464	We further found that a specific detection model could easily and rapidly confirm the presence of L-VEGF144 mRNA fragments in the biopsies or cell lines via RT-PCR assay.
27220431	4	93	theme	splicing	710:717	arg1	isoforms					724:731	splicing VEGF isoforms	710:731	splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138)	710:862	In this study, we observed two novel kinds of splicing VEGF isoforms that transcripted at the first upstream CUG codon, and which we have named large-VEGF144 (LVEGF144), and large-VEGF138 (L-VEGF138).
29080529	8	0	from	pH∼7	1571:1574	arg1	polyplexes					1557:1566	HA-coated polyplexes	1547:1566	HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7	1547:1574	These polyplexes are non-cytotoxic and preserve silencing activity even after rehydration to 20-fold their initial concentration, while HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7 also displayed increased hemocompatibility.
29080529	4	1	theme	Optimized	735:743	arg1	formulations					745:756	Optimized formulations	735:756	Optimized formulations	735:756	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	0	2	theme	composition	83:93	arg1	Influence					63:71	Influence	63:71	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.	0:149	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	3	3	theme	ionic	544:548	arg1	strengths					550:558	ionic strengths	544:558	ionic strengths	544:558	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	5	4	from	ratios	1042:1047	arg1	stability					1067:1075	their stability	1061:1075	their stability	1061:1075	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	5	4	from	ratios	1042:1047	arg1	properties					1020:1029	polyplex physical properties	1002:1029	polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios	1002:1047	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	5	5	theme	low	1034:1036	arg1	ratios					1042:1047	low N:P ratios	1034:1047	low N:P ratios	1034:1047	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	0	6	theme	sequence	112:119	arg1	Influence					63:71	Influence	63:71	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.	0:149	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	5	7	theme	oligonucleotide	966:980	arg1	sequences					982:990	Specific oligonucleotide sequences	957:990	Specific oligonucleotide sequences	957:990	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	5	8	theme	P	1040:1040	arg1	ratios					1042:1047	low N:P ratios	1034:1047	low N:P ratios	1034:1047	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	0	9	theme	oligonucleotide	96:110	arg1	sequence					112:119	oligonucleotide sequence	96:119	oligonucleotide sequence	96:119	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	8	10	theme	silencing	1459:1467	arg1	activity					1469:1476	silencing activity	1459:1476	silencing activity	1459:1476	These polyplexes are non-cytotoxic and preserve silencing activity even after rehydration to 20-fold their initial concentration, while HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7 also displayed increased hemocompatibility.
29080529	4	11	used	used	762:765	arg2	formulations					745:756	Optimized formulations	735:756	Optimized formulations	735:756	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	4	12	theme	sequence	819:826	arg1	impact					783:788	the impact	779:788	the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties	779:865	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	7	13	theme	increased	1351:1359	arg1	concentrations					1361:1374	increased concentrations	1351:1374	increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes	1351:1408	Using this knowledge, various CS/siRNA polyplexes are prepared with and without HA coating, freeze-dried and rehydrated at increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes.
29080529	8	14	theme	initial	1518:1524	arg1	concentration					1526:1538	20-fold their initial concentration	1504:1538	20-fold their initial concentration	1504:1538	These polyplexes are non-cytotoxic and preserve silencing activity even after rehydration to 20-fold their initial concentration, while HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7 also displayed increased hemocompatibility.
29080529	3	15	theme	polyplexes	500:509	arg1	properties					477:486	physicochemical properties	461:486	physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes	461:509	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	4	16	theme	physicochemical	840:854	arg1	properties					856:865	polyplex physicochemical properties	831:865	polyplex physicochemical properties	831:865	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	1	17	theme	/siRNA	164:169	arg1	polyplexes					171:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes	151:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes	151:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	4	18	theme	silencing	898:906	arg1	efficiency					908:917	their in vitro silencing efficiency	883:917	their in vitro silencing efficiency	883:917	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	9	19	theme	critical	1664:1671	arg1	step					1673:1676	a critical step	1662:1676	a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1662:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	2	20	theme	clinical	274:281	arg1	application					283:293	clinical application	274:293	clinical application of this technology	274:312	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	6	21	theme	AT-rich	1179:1185	arg1	stability					1129:1137	greater stability	1121:1137	greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA	1121:1176	Nanoparticles display greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA; AT-rich vs GC-rich; and overhangs vs blunt ends.
29080529	3	22	theme	physicochemical	461:475	arg1	properties					477:486	physicochemical properties	461:486	physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes	461:509	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	7	23	theme	various	1250:1256	arg1	polyplexes					1267:1276	various CS/siRNA polyplexes	1250:1276	various CS/siRNA polyplexes	1250:1276	Using this knowledge, various CS/siRNA polyplexes are prepared with and without HA coating, freeze-dried and rehydrated at increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes.
29080529	7	24	theme	HA	1308:1309	arg1	coating					1311:1317	HA coating	1308:1317	HA coating	1308:1317	Using this knowledge, various CS/siRNA polyplexes are prepared with and without HA coating, freeze-dried and rehydrated at increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes.
29080529	2	25	dep	concentrated	342:353	arg1	pH					372:373	pH	372:373	pH	372:373	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	2	25	dep	concentrated	342:353	arg1	hemocompatible					356:369	hemocompatible	356:369	hemocompatible	356:369	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	2	26	theme	safe	400:403	arg1	administration					419:432	safe and efficient administration	400:432	safe and efficient administration	400:432	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	7	27	theme	CS/siRNA	1258:1265	arg1	polyplexes					1267:1276	various CS/siRNA polyplexes	1250:1276	various CS/siRNA polyplexes	1250:1276	Using this knowledge, various CS/siRNA polyplexes are prepared with and without HA coating, freeze-dried and rehydrated at increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes.
29080529	9	28	theme	intravenous	1741:1751	arg1	systems					1762:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	5	29	theme	N	1038:1038	arg1	ratios					1042:1047	low N:P ratios	1034:1047	low N:P ratios	1034:1047	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	1	30	theme	great	187:191	arg1	potential					205:213	great therapeutic potential	187:213	great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing	187:262	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	0	31	theme	acid	137:140	arg1	coating					142:148	hyaluronic acid coating	126:148	hyaluronic acid coating	126:148	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	4	32	from	impact	783:788	arg1	properties					856:865	polyplex physicochemical properties	831:865	polyplex physicochemical properties	831:865	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	4	33	theme	siRNA/oligonucleotide	797:817	arg1	sequence					819:826	the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence	793:826	the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence	793:826	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	1	34	theme	therapeutic	193:203	arg1	potential					205:213	great therapeutic potential	187:213	great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing	187:262	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	9	35	theme	delivery	1753:1760	arg1	systems					1762:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	0	36	theme	hyaluronic	126:135	arg1	coating					142:148	hyaluronic acid coating	126:148	hyaluronic acid coating	126:148	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	3	37	theme	-coated	669:675	arg1	polyplexes					677:686	-coated polyplexes	669:686	-coated polyplexes	669:686	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	2	38	theme	technology	303:312	arg1	application					283:293	clinical application	274:293	clinical application of this technology	274:312	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	9	39	theme	clinical	1686:1693	arg1	development					1695:1705	clinical development	1686:1705	clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1686:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	1	40	theme	Chitosan	151:158	arg1	polyplexes					171:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes	151:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes	151:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	0	41	theme	polyplexes	51:60	arg1	concentration					19:31	concentration	19:31	concentration	19:31	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	0	41	theme	polyplexes	51:60	arg1	Lyophilisation					0:13	Lyophilisation	0:13	Lyophilisation	0:13	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	7	42	theme	rehydration	1390:1400	arg1	volumes					1402:1408	reduced rehydration volumes	1382:1408	reduced rehydration volumes	1382:1408	Using this knowledge, various CS/siRNA polyplexes are prepared with and without HA coating, freeze-dried and rehydrated at increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes.
29080529	1	43	contain	have	182:185	arg2	potential					205:213	great therapeutic potential	187:213	great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing	187:262	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	1	43	contain	have	182:185	arg1	polyplexes					171:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes	151:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes	151:180	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	3	44	dep	uncoated	637:644	arg1	polyplexes					677:686	-coated polyplexes	669:686	-coated polyplexes	669:686	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	7	45	theme	reduced	1382:1388	arg1	volumes					1402:1408	reduced rehydration volumes	1382:1408	reduced rehydration volumes	1382:1408	Using this knowledge, various CS/siRNA polyplexes are prepared with and without HA coating, freeze-dried and rehydrated at increased concentrations using reduced rehydration volumes.
29080529	0	46	theme	chitosan/siRNA	36:49	arg1	polyplexes					51:60	chitosan/siRNA polyplexes	36:60	chitosan/siRNA polyplexes	36:60	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	0	47	theme	coating	142:148	arg1	Influence					63:71	Influence	63:71	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.	0:149	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	3	48	theme	uncoated	637:644	arg1	doses					628:632	higher doses	621:632	higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes	621:686	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	6	49	theme	greater	1121:1127	arg1	stability					1129:1137	greater stability	1121:1137	greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA	1121:1176	Nanoparticles display greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA; AT-rich vs GC-rich; and overhangs vs blunt ends.
29080529	5	50	theme	Specific	957:964	arg1	sequences					982:990	Specific oligonucleotide sequences	957:990	Specific oligonucleotide sequences	957:990	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	3	51	theme	higher	621:626	arg1	doses					628:632	higher doses	621:632	higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes	621:686	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	5	52	theme	polyplex	1002:1009	arg1	properties					1020:1029	polyplex physical properties	1002:1029	polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios	1002:1047	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	6	53	dep	oligodeoxynucleotides	1143:1163	arg1	siRNA					1172:1176	siRNA	1172:1176	siRNA	1172:1176	Nanoparticles display greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA; AT-rich vs GC-rich; and overhangs vs blunt ends.
29080529	6	53	dep	oligodeoxynucleotides	1143:1163	arg1	ODN					1165:1167	ODN	1165:1167	ODN	1165:1167	Nanoparticles display greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA; AT-rich vs GC-rich; and overhangs vs blunt ends.
29080529	2	54	theme	efficient	409:417	arg1	administration					419:432	safe and efficient administration	400:432	safe and efficient administration	400:432	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	4	55	dep	in	889:890	arg1	vitro					892:896	vitro	892:896	vitro	892:896	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	3	56	theme	physiological	706:718	arg1	compatibility					720:732	physiological compatibility	706:732	physiological compatibility	706:732	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	4	57	theme	in	889:890	arg1	efficiency					908:917	their in vitro silencing efficiency	883:917	their in vitro silencing efficiency	883:917	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	9	58	theme	concentrated	1626:1637	arg1	formulations					1639:1650	These concentrated formulations	1620:1650	These concentrated formulations	1620:1650	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	5	59	theme	physical	1011:1018	arg1	properties					1020:1029	polyplex physical properties	1002:1029	polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios	1002:1047	Specific oligonucleotide sequences influence polyplex physical properties at low N:P ratios, as well as their stability during freeze-drying.
29080529	3	60	theme	hyaluronic	649:658	arg1	HA					666:667	HA	666:667	HA	666:667	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	3	60	theme	hyaluronic	649:658	arg1	acid					660:663	hyaluronic acid	649:663	hyaluronic acid (HA)	649:668	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	8	61	theme	increased	1591:1599	arg1	hemocompatibility					1601:1617	increased hemocompatibility	1591:1617	increased hemocompatibility	1591:1617	These polyplexes are non-cytotoxic and preserve silencing activity even after rehydration to 20-fold their initial concentration, while HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7 also displayed increased hemocompatibility.
29080529	3	62	theme	acid	660:663	arg1	doses					628:632	higher doses	621:632	higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes	621:686	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	2	63	theme	concentrated	342:353	arg1	formulations					383:394	concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations	342:394	concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration	342:432	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	9	64	theme	systems	1762:1768	arg1	development					1695:1705	clinical development	1686:1705	clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1686:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	1	65	theme	multiple	228:235	arg1	diseases					237:244	multiple diseases	228:244	multiple diseases	228:244	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
29080529	4	66	theme	polyplex	831:838	arg1	properties					856:865	polyplex physicochemical properties	831:865	polyplex physicochemical properties	831:865	Optimized formulations are used to evaluate the impact of the siRNA/oligonucleotide sequence on polyplex physicochemical properties, and to measure their in vitro silencing efficiency, cytotoxicity, and hemocompatibility.
29080529	9	67	theme	oligonucleotide	1725:1739	arg1	systems					1762:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	8	68	theme	HA-coated	1547:1555	arg1	polyplexes					1557:1566	HA-coated polyplexes	1547:1566	HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7	1547:1574	These polyplexes are non-cytotoxic and preserve silencing activity even after rehydration to 20-fold their initial concentration, while HA-coated polyplexes at pH∼7 also displayed increased hemocompatibility.
29080529	3	69	theme	various	514:520	arg1	buffers					522:528	various buffers	514:528	various buffers	514:528	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	0	70	theme	buffer	76:81	arg1	composition					83:93	buffer composition	76:93	buffer composition	76:93	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	6	71	theme	GC-rich	1190:1196	arg1	stability					1129:1137	greater stability	1121:1137	greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA	1121:1176	Nanoparticles display greater stability for oligodeoxynucleotides ODN vs siRNA; AT-rich vs GC-rich; and overhangs vs blunt ends.
29080529	3	72	theme	chitosan	491:498	arg1	polyplexes					500:509	chitosan polyplexes	491:509	chitosan polyplexes	491:509	In this study we evaluate physicochemical properties of chitosan polyplexes in various buffers at increasing ionic strengths, to identify conditions for freeze-drying and rehydration at higher doses of uncoated or hyaluronic acid (HA)-coated polyplexes while maintaining physiological compatibility.
29080529	2	73	theme	formulations	383:394	arg1	development					327:337	the development	323:337	the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration	323:432	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	0	74	dep	Lyophilisation	0:13	arg1	Influence					63:71	Influence	63:71	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.	0:149	Lyophilisation and concentration of chitosan/siRNA polyplexes: Influence of buffer composition, oligonucleotide sequence, and hyaluronic acid coating.
29080529	9	75	theme	chitosan-based	1710:1723	arg1	systems					1762:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems	1710:1768	These concentrated formulations represent a critical step towards clinical development of chitosan-based oligonucleotide intravenous delivery systems.
29080529	2	76	theme	neutral	375:381	arg1	formulations					383:394	concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations	342:394	concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration	342:432	However, clinical application of this technology requires the development of concentrated, hemocompatible, pH neutral formulations for safe and efficient administration.
29080529	1	77	theme	gene	249:252	arg1	silencing					254:262	gene silencing	249:262	gene silencing	249:262	Chitosan (CS)/siRNA polyplexes have great therapeutic potential for treating multiple diseases by gene silencing.
28238810	2	0	dep	EDS	570:572	arg1	type					595:598	musculocontractural type 1	575:600	musculocontractural type 1	575:600	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	7	1	theme	first	1500:1504	arg1	study					1506:1510	the first study	1496:1510	the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1496:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	7	1	theme	first	1500:1504	arg1	This					1488:1491	This	1488:1491	This	1488:1491	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	8	2	theme	CS/DS	1854:1858	arg1	chains					1860:1865	CS/DS chains	1854:1865	CS/DS chains	1854:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	6	3	theme	EDS	1471:1473	arg1	diagnosis					1445:1453	an initial diagnosis	1434:1453	an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS	1434:1473	These results suggest that the quantification of DS in urine is applicable to an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS.
28238810	1	4	theme	cell	216:219	arg1	signaling					221:229	cell signaling	216:229	cell signaling	216:229	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	2	5	theme	congenital	671:680	arg1	malformations					682:694	congenital malformations	671:694	congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures)	671:765	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	6	theme	musculocontractural	575:593	arg1	type					595:598	musculocontractural type 1	575:600	musculocontractural type 1	575:600	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	7	theme	progressive	914:924	arg1	talipes					926:932	progressive talipes	914:932	progressive talipes	914:932	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	8	theme	autosomal	607:615	arg1	disorder					645:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder	604:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	604:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	8	theme	autosomal	607:615	arg1	Mutations					340:348	Mutations	340:348	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1)	340:601	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	8	9	theme	non-invasive	1872:1883	arg1	usefulness					1791:1800	the usefulness	1787:1800	the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1787:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	8	9	theme	non-invasive	1872:1883	arg1	method					1895:1900	a non-invasive screening method	1870:1900	a non-invasive screening method for this disorder	1870:1918	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	2	10	from	Mutations	340:348	arg1	gene					390:393	the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene	353:393	the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14)	353:402	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	10	from	Mutations	340:348	arg1	CHST14					396:401	CHST14	396:401	CHST14	396:401	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	10	from	Mutations	340:348	arg1	responsible					470:480	responsible	470:480	responsible	470:480	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	8	11	theme	systemic	1729:1736	arg1	depletion					1741:1749	systemic DS depletion	1729:1749	systemic DS depletion	1729:1749	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	1	12	theme	roles	161:165	arg1	number					151:156	a number	149:156	a number of roles	149:165	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	7	13	theme	CHST14/D4ST1	1640:1651	arg1	deficiency					1653:1662	a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency	1638:1662	a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency	1638:1662	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	14	with	hyperextensibility	821:838	arg1	scars					883:887	atrophic scars	874:887	atrophic scars	874:887	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	15	theme	delineated	527:536	arg1	form					538:541	a recently delineated form	516:541	a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	516:567	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	16	theme	fragility-related	783:799	arg1	bruisability					841:852	bruisability	841:852	bruisability	841:852	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	16	theme	fragility-related	783:799	arg1	complications					801:813	progressive fragility-related complications	771:813	progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	771:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	16	theme	fragility-related	783:799	arg1	hyperextensibility					821:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	16	theme	fragility-related	783:799	arg1	fragility					859:867	fragility	859:867	fragility	859:867	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	17	with	bruisability	841:852	arg1	scars					883:887	atrophic scars	874:887	atrophic scars	874:887	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	3	18	from	amount	1073:1078	arg1	urine					1093:1097	the urine	1089:1097	the urine of patients	1089:1109	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28238810	2	19	theme	craniofacial	706:717	arg1	features					719:726	specific craniofacial features	697:726	specific craniofacial features	697:726	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	1	20	theme	PURPOSE	113:119	arg1	DS					139:140	DS	139:140	DS	139:140	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	20	theme	PURPOSE	113:119	arg1	sulfate					130:136	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate	113:136	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS)	113:141	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	2	21	theme	syndrome	560:567	arg1	form					538:541	a recently delineated form	516:541	a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	516:567	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	5	22	theme	patients	1290:1297	arg1	urine					1281:1285	the urine	1277:1285	the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14	1277:1353	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	2	23	dep	malformations	682:694	arg1	contractures					753:764	congenital multiple contractures	733:764	congenital multiple contractures	733:764	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	23	dep	malformations	682:694	arg1	features					719:726	specific craniofacial features	697:726	specific craniofacial features	697:726	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	7	24	theme	chains	1600:1605	arg1	analysis					1560:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1523:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1523:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	25	theme	congenital	733:742	arg1	contractures					753:764	congenital multiple contractures	733:764	congenital multiple contractures	733:764	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	5	26	theme	homo-	1304:1308	arg1	mutations					1335:1343	homo- or compound heterozygous mutations	1304:1343	homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14	1304:1353	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	6	27	theme	DS	1405:1406	arg1	applicable					1420:1429	applicable	1420:1429	applicable	1420:1429	These results suggest that the quantification of DS in urine is applicable to an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS.
28238810	6	27	theme	DS	1405:1406	arg1	quantification					1387:1400	the quantification	1383:1400	the quantification of DS in urine	1383:1415	These results suggest that the quantification of DS in urine is applicable to an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS.
28238810	3	28	theme	DS	1083:1084	arg1	DS					1083:1084	DS	1083:1084	DS	1083:1084	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28238810	3	28	theme	DS	1083:1084	arg1	amount					1073:1078	the amount	1069:1078	the amount of DS in the urine of patients	1069:1109	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28238810	7	29	theme	chains	1700:1705	arg1	absence					1686:1692	the absence	1682:1692	the absence of DS chains	1682:1705	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	0	30	from	Defect	0:5	arg1	urine					30:34	urine	30:34	urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	30:74	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	0	30	from	Defect	0:5	arg1	sulfate					19:25	dermatan sulfate	10:25	dermatan sulfate	10:25	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	2	31	theme	tissue	638:643	arg1	disorder					645:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder	604:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	604:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	31	theme	tissue	638:643	arg1	Mutations					340:348	Mutations	340:348	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1)	340:601	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	8	32	theme	urinary	1807:1813	arg1	analysis					1842:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1805:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1805:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	7	33	theme	chondroitin	1572:1582	arg1	sulfate					1584:1590	chondroitin sulfate	1572:1590	chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1572:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	7	33	theme	chondroitin	1572:1582	arg1	CS					1593:1594	CS	1593:1594	CS	1593:1594	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	4	34	theme	Urinary	1133:1139	arg1	DS					1141:1142	Urinary DS	1133:1142	Urinary DS	1133:1142	METHODS Urinary DS was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme.
28238810	2	35	theme	recessive	617:625	arg1	disorder					645:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder	604:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	604:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	35	theme	recessive	617:625	arg1	Mutations					340:348	Mutations	340:348	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1)	340:601	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	0	36	theme	CHST14/D4ST1	88:99	arg1	deficiency					101:110	a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency	86:110	a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency	86:110	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	8	37	theme	compositional	1828:1840	arg1	analysis					1842:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1805:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1805:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	4	38	theme	DS-specific	1216:1226	arg1	enzyme					1238:1243	DS-specific degrading enzyme	1216:1243	DS-specific degrading enzyme	1216:1243	METHODS Urinary DS was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme.
28238810	1	39	theme	tissue	235:240	arg1	morphogenesis					242:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	2	40	theme	CHST14/dermatan	413:427	arg1	D4ST1					453:457	D4ST1	453:457	D4ST1	453:457	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	40	theme	CHST14/dermatan	413:427	arg1	4-O-sulfotransferase-1					429:450	CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1	413:450	CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1)	413:458	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	0	41	theme	dermatan	10:17	arg1	sulfate					19:25	dermatan sulfate	10:25	dermatan sulfate	10:25	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	7	42	theme	compositional	1546:1558	arg1	analysis					1560:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1523:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1523:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	43	theme	spinal	937:942	arg1	deformities					944:954	spinal deformities	937:954	spinal deformities	937:954	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	7	44	theme	urinary	1525:1531	arg1	analysis					1560:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1523:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1523:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	45	dep	complications	801:813	arg1	bruisability					841:852	bruisability	841:852	bruisability	841:852	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	45	dep	complications	801:813	arg1	fragility					859:867	fragility	859:867	fragility	859:867	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	45	dep	complications	801:813	arg1	hyperextensibility					821:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	45	dep	complications	801:813	arg1	complications					801:813	progressive fragility-related complications	771:813	progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	771:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	1	46	theme	extracellular	290:302	arg1	collagen					330:337	collagen	330:337	collagen	330:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	46	theme	extracellular	290:302	arg1	proteins					311:318	various extracellular matrix proteins	282:318	various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	282:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	2	47	theme	large	961:965	arg1	hematomas					980:988	large subcutaneous hematomas	961:988	large subcutaneous hematomas	961:988	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	5	48	theme	RESULTS	1246:1252	arg1	DS					1254:1255	RESULTS DS	1246:1255	RESULTS DS	1246:1255	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	7	49	from	chains	1600:1605	arg1	patients					1610:1617	patients	1610:1617	patients with EDS	1610:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	50	theme	recurrent	890:898	arg1	dislocations					900:911	recurrent dislocations	890:911	recurrent dislocations	890:911	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	51	theme	carbohydrate	357:368	arg1	gene					390:393	the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene	353:393	the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14)	353:402	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	51	theme	carbohydrate	357:368	arg1	CHST14					396:401	CHST14	396:401	CHST14	396:401	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	51	theme	carbohydrate	357:368	arg1	responsible					470:480	responsible	470:480	responsible	470:480	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	1	52	theme	activities	197:206	arg1	signaling					221:229	cell signaling	216:229	cell signaling	216:229	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	52	theme	activities	197:206	arg1	morphogenesis					242:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	52	theme	activities	197:206	arg1	range					177:181	a wide range	170:181	a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	170:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	4	53	with	treatment	1201:1209	arg1	enzyme					1238:1243	DS-specific degrading enzyme	1216:1243	DS-specific degrading enzyme	1216:1243	METHODS Urinary DS was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme.
28238810	2	54	theme	atrophic	874:881	arg1	scars					883:887	atrophic scars	874:887	atrophic scars	874:887	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	8	55	theme	chains	1860:1865	arg1	analysis					1842:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1805:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1805:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	2	56	dep	hyperextensibility	821:838	arg1	hematomas					980:988	large subcutaneous hematomas	961:988	large subcutaneous hematomas	961:988	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	56	dep	hyperextensibility	821:838	arg1	dislocations					900:911	recurrent dislocations	890:911	recurrent dislocations	890:911	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	56	dep	hyperextensibility	821:838	arg1	talipes					926:932	progressive talipes	914:932	progressive talipes	914:932	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	1	57	with	interactions	264:275	arg1	collagen					330:337	collagen	330:337	collagen	330:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	57	with	interactions	264:275	arg1	proteins					311:318	various extracellular matrix proteins	282:318	various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	282:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	6	58	theme	DS-defective	1458:1469	arg1	EDS					1471:1473	DS-defective EDS	1458:1473	DS-defective EDS	1458:1473	These results suggest that the quantification of DS in urine is applicable to an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS.
28238810	2	59	theme	progressive	771:781	arg1	bruisability					841:852	bruisability	841:852	bruisability	841:852	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	59	theme	progressive	771:781	arg1	complications					801:813	progressive fragility-related complications	771:813	progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	771:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	59	theme	progressive	771:781	arg1	hyperextensibility					821:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	59	theme	progressive	771:781	arg1	fragility					859:867	fragility	859:867	fragility	859:867	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	8	60	theme	screening	1885:1893	arg1	usefulness					1791:1800	the usefulness	1787:1800	the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1787:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	8	60	theme	screening	1885:1893	arg1	method					1895:1900	a non-invasive screening method	1870:1900	a non-invasive screening method for this disorder	1870:1918	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	7	61	from	analysis	1560:1567	arg1	patients					1610:1617	patients	1610:1617	patients with EDS	1610:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	3	62	theme	EDS	1064:1066	arg1	type					1056:1059	this type	1051:1059	this type of EDS	1051:1066	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28238810	2	63	theme	skin	816:819	arg1	complications					801:813	progressive fragility-related complications	771:813	progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	771:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	63	theme	skin	816:819	arg1	hyperextensibility					821:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	skin hyperextensibility	816:838	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	7	64	from	patients	1610:1617	arg1	analysis					1560:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1523:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1523:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	3	65	dep	diagnostic	1019:1028	arg1	screening					1030:1038	screening	1030:1038	screening	1030:1038	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28238810	1	66	theme	wide	172:175	arg1	signaling					221:229	cell signaling	216:229	cell signaling	216:229	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	66	theme	wide	172:175	arg1	morphogenesis					242:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	66	theme	wide	172:175	arg1	range					177:181	a wide range	170:181	a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	170:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	5	67	from	mutations	1335:1343	arg1	CHST14					1348:1353	CHST14	1348:1353	CHST14	1348:1353	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	7	68	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1476:1486	arg1	study					1506:1510	the first study	1496:1510	the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1496:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	7	68	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1476:1486	arg1	This					1488:1491	This	1488:1491	This	1488:1491	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	69	with	fragility	859:867	arg1	scars					883:887	atrophic scars	874:887	atrophic scars	874:887	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	70	theme	specific	697:704	arg1	features					719:726	specific craniofacial features	697:726	specific craniofacial features	697:726	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	1	71	theme	Dermatan	121:128	arg1	DS					139:140	DS	139:140	DS	139:140	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	71	theme	Dermatan	121:128	arg1	sulfate					130:136	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate	113:136	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS)	113:141	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	7	72	theme	/DS	1596:1598	arg1	chains					1600:1605	chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains	1572:1605	chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1572:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	73	theme	Ehlers-Danlos	546:558	arg1	syndrome					560:567	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	546:567	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	546:567	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	74	theme	multiple	744:751	arg1	contractures					753:764	congenital multiple contractures	733:764	congenital multiple contractures	733:764	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	0	75	theme	Ehlers-Danlos	53:65	arg1	syndrome					67:74	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	53:74	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	53:74	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	4	76	theme	anion-exchange	1165:1178	arg1	chromatography					1180:1193	an anion-exchange chromatography	1162:1193	an anion-exchange chromatography	1162:1193	METHODS Urinary DS was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme.
28238810	6	77	from	quantification	1387:1400	arg1	urine					1411:1415	urine	1411:1415	urine	1411:1415	These results suggest that the quantification of DS in urine is applicable to an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS.
28238810	4	78	dep	METHODS	1125:1131	arg1	quantified					1148:1157	quantified	1148:1157	was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme	1144:1243	METHODS Urinary DS was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme.
28238810	7	79	theme	sulfate	1584:1590	arg1	chains					1600:1605	chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains	1572:1605	chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1572:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	7	80	with	patients	1610:1617	arg1	EDS					1624:1626	EDS	1624:1626	EDS	1624:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	81	theme	connective	627:636	arg1	disorder					645:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder	604:652	an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas)	604:989	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	81	theme	connective	627:636	arg1	Mutations					340:348	Mutations	340:348	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1)	340:601	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	7	82	theme	DS	1697:1698	arg1	chains					1700:1705	DS chains	1697:1705	DS chains	1697:1705	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	83	theme	DS	506:507	arg1	biosynthesis					490:501	the biosynthesis	486:501	the biosynthesis of DS	486:507	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	5	84	located	detected	1265:1272	arg2	DS					1254:1255	RESULTS DS	1246:1255	RESULTS DS	1246:1255	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	5	84	located	detected	1265:1272	arg1	urine					1281:1285	the urine	1277:1285	the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14	1277:1353	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	4	85	theme	degrading	1228:1236	arg1	enzyme					1238:1243	DS-specific degrading enzyme	1216:1243	DS-specific degrading enzyme	1216:1243	METHODS Urinary DS was quantified by an anion-exchange chromatography after treatment with DS-specific degrading enzyme.
28238810	5	86	with	patients	1290:1297	arg1	mutations					1335:1343	homo- or compound heterozygous mutations	1304:1343	homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14	1304:1353	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	8	87	theme	disaccharide	1815:1826	arg1	analysis					1842:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1805:1849	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1805:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	2	88	theme	sulfotransferase	370:385	arg1	gene					390:393	the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene	353:393	the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14)	353:402	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	88	theme	sulfotransferase	370:385	arg1	CHST14					396:401	CHST14	396:401	CHST14	396:401	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	2	88	theme	sulfotransferase	370:385	arg1	responsible					470:480	responsible	470:480	responsible	470:480	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	6	89	theme	initial	1437:1443	arg1	diagnosis					1445:1453	an initial diagnosis	1434:1453	an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS	1434:1473	These results suggest that the quantification of DS in urine is applicable to an initial diagnosis of DS-defective EDS.
28238810	8	90	theme	analysis	1842:1849	arg1	usefulness					1791:1800	the usefulness	1787:1800	the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains	1787:1865	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	8	90	theme	analysis	1842:1849	arg1	method					1895:1900	a non-invasive screening method	1870:1900	a non-invasive screening method for this disorder	1870:1918	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	8	91	theme	DS	1738:1739	arg1	depletion					1741:1749	systemic DS depletion	1729:1749	systemic DS depletion	1729:1749	This result suggests systemic DS depletion in this disorder, and also proposes the usefulness of a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of CS/DS chains as a non-invasive screening method for this disorder.
28238810	5	92	theme	heterozygous	1322:1333	arg1	mutations					1335:1343	homo- or compound heterozygous mutations	1304:1343	homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14	1304:1353	RESULTS DS was not detected in the urine of patients with homo- or compound heterozygous mutations in CHST14.
28238810	3	93	theme	patients	1102:1109	arg1	urine					1093:1097	the urine	1089:1097	the urine of patients	1089:1109	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28238810	0	94	theme	patients	39:46	arg1	urine					30:34	urine	30:34	urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	30:74	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	1	95	theme	various	282:288	arg1	collagen					330:337	collagen	330:337	collagen	330:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	95	theme	various	282:288	arg1	proteins					311:318	various extracellular matrix proteins	282:318	various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	282:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	7	96	theme	disaccharide	1533:1544	arg1	analysis					1560:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis	1523:1567	a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS	1523:1626	CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to perform a urinary disaccharide compositional analysis of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/DS chains in patients with EDS caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency, and demonstrated the absence of DS chains.
28238810	2	97	theme	subcutaneous	967:978	arg1	hematomas					980:988	large subcutaneous hematomas	961:988	large subcutaneous hematomas	961:988	Mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 gene (CHST14) encoding CHST14/dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (D4ST1), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of DS, cause a recently delineated form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS, musculocontractural type 1), an autosomal recessive connective tissue disorder characterized by congenital malformations (specific craniofacial features, and congenital multiple contractures) and progressive fragility-related complications (skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility with atrophic scars; recurrent dislocations; progressive talipes or spinal deformities; and large subcutaneous hematomas).
28238810	1	98	theme	matrix	304:309	arg1	collagen					330:337	collagen	330:337	collagen	330:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	98	theme	matrix	304:309	arg1	proteins					311:318	various extracellular matrix proteins	282:318	various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	282:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	0	99	with	patients	39:46	arg1	syndrome					67:74	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	53:74	Ehlers-Danlos syndrome	53:74	Defect in dermatan sulfate in urine of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome caused by a CHST14/D4ST1 deficiency.
28238810	1	100	theme	biological	186:195	arg1	activities					197:206	biological activities	186:206	biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen	186:337	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	100	theme	biological	186:195	arg1	signaling					221:229	cell signaling	216:229	cell signaling	216:229	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	1	100	theme	biological	186:195	arg1	morphogenesis					242:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	tissue morphogenesis	235:254	PURPOSE Dermatan sulfate (DS) plays a number of roles in a wide range of biological activities such as cell signaling and tissue morphogenesis through interactions with various extracellular matrix proteins including collagen.
28238810	3	101	theme	diagnostic	1019:1028	arg1	method					1040:1045	a diagnostic screening method	1017:1045	a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS	1017:1066	In an attempt to develop a diagnostic screening method for this type of EDS, the amount of DS in the urine of patients was analyzed.
28056770	6	0	theme	lowest	968:973	arg1	content					982:988	the lowest starch content	964:988	the lowest starch content	964:988	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	3	1	theme	natural	443:449	arg1	variation					451:459	natural variation	443:459	natural variation of sorghum grain composition	443:488	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	1	2	theme	[Sorghum	91:98	arg1	bicolor					100:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor	72:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]	72:119	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	2	theme	[Sorghum	91:98	arg1	Moench					113:118	L.) Moench	109:118	L.) Moench	109:118	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	2	theme	[Sorghum	91:98	arg1	crop					144:147	an important cereal crop	124:147	an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa	124:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	2	3	theme	grain	257:261	arg1	composition					263:273	sorghum grain composition	249:273	sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch)	249:300	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	5	4	theme	Protein	747:753	arg1	content					755:761	Protein content	747:761	Protein content	747:761	Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%.
28056770	1	5	theme	dryland	153:159	arg1	areas					161:165	dryland areas	153:165	dryland areas in the United States	153:186	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	11	6	theme	variation	1856:1864	arg1	basis					1839:1843	the genetic basis	1827:1843	the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits	1827:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	7	theme	grain	1877:1881	arg1	traits					1895:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	8	8	used	used	1255:1258	arg2	data					1246:1249	Previously published RNAseq data	1218:1249	Previously published RNAseq data	1218:1249	Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region.
28056770	1	9	theme	United	174:179	arg1	States					181:186	the United States	170:186	the United States	170:186	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	8	10	theme	candidate	1272:1280	arg1	genes					1282:1286	candidate genes	1272:1286	candidate genes	1272:1286	Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region.
28056770	6	11	theme	starch	1084:1089	arg1	content					1091:1097	the highest starch content	1072:1097	the highest starch content	1072:1097	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	11	12	theme	composition	1707:1717	arg1	survey					1691:1696	This survey	1686:1696	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL	1686:1789	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	10	13	theme	candidate	1626:1634	arg1	genes					1636:1640	candidate genes	1626:1640	candidate genes	1626:1640	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	9	14	theme	putative	1316:1323	arg1	candidate					1454:1462	a strong candidate	1445:1462	a strong candidate for protein and fat variation	1445:1492	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	9	14	theme	putative	1316:1323	arg1	gene					1341:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene	1314:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene	1314:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	8	15	theme	GWAS	1297:1300	arg1	region					1306:1311	a GWAS QTL region	1295:1311	a GWAS QTL region	1295:1311	Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region.
28056770	6	16	dep	protein	1060:1066	arg1	the					1049:1051	the	1049:1051	the	1049:1051	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	11	17	from	traits	1895:1900	arg1	basis					1839:1843	the genetic basis	1827:1843	the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits	1827:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	3	18	theme	grain	574:578	arg1	concentrations					592:605	grain composition concentrations	574:605	grain composition concentrations	574:605	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	1	19	from	areas	161:165	arg1	States					181:186	the United States	170:186	the United States	170:186	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	7	20	theme	sorghum	1184:1190	arg1	protein					1192:1198	sorghum protein	1184:1198	sorghum protein	1184:1198	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	6	21	theme	highest	936:942	arg1	protein					944:950	protein	944:950	protein	944:950	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	3	22	theme	composition	478:488	arg1	variation					451:459	natural variation	443:459	natural variation of sorghum grain composition	443:488	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	1	23	theme	important	127:135	arg1	bicolor					100:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor	72:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]	72:119	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	23	theme	important	127:135	arg1	crop					144:147	an important cereal crop	124:147	an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa	124:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	11	24	theme	natural	1848:1854	arg1	variation					1856:1864	natural variation	1848:1864	natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits	1848:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	2	25	dep	composition	263:273	arg1	starch					294:299	starch	294:299	starch	294:299	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	2	25	dep	composition	263:273	arg1	protein					276:282	protein	276:282	protein	276:282	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	2	25	dep	composition	263:273	arg1	fat					285:287	fat	285:287	fat	285:287	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	2	26	theme	Natural	228:234	arg1	variation					236:244	Natural variation	228:244	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions	228:319	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	1	27	theme	L.	109:110	arg1	bicolor					100:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor	72:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]	72:119	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	27	theme	L.	109:110	arg1	Moench					113:118	L.) Moench	109:118	L.) Moench	109:118	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	10	28	theme	grain	1579:1583	arg1	traits					1597:1602	grain composition traits	1579:1602	grain composition traits	1579:1602	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	6	29	contain	had	928:930	arg2	fat					956:958	fat	956:958	fat	956:958	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	29	contain	had	928:930	arg1	Durra					872:876	Durra	872:876	Durra	872:876	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	29	contain	had	928:930	arg1	sorghum					896:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	29	contain	had	928:930	arg2	protein					944:950	protein	944:950	protein	944:950	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	4	30	theme	near-infrared	712:724	arg1	NIRS					740:743	near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)	712:744	near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)	712:744	RESULTS In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
28056770	3	31	from	variation	561:569	arg1	concentrations					592:605	grain composition concentrations	574:605	grain composition concentrations	574:605	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	1	32	theme	Sorghum	83:89	arg1	bicolor					100:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor	72:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]	72:119	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	32	theme	Sorghum	83:89	arg1	Moench					113:118	L.) Moench	109:118	L.) Moench	109:118	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	32	theme	Sorghum	83:89	arg1	crop					144:147	an important cereal crop	124:147	an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa	124:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	0	33	theme	Genetic	0:6	arg1	architecture					8:19	Genetic architecture	0:19	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm	0:69	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm.
28056770	11	34	theme	genetic	1831:1837	arg1	basis					1839:1843	the genetic basis	1827:1843	the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits	1827:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	4	35	theme	sorghum	682:688	arg1	panel					700:704	a global sorghum diversity panel	673:704	a global sorghum diversity panel	673:704	RESULTS In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
28056770	9	36	theme	composition	1407:1417	arg1	traits					1419:1424	grain composition traits	1401:1424	grain composition traits	1401:1424	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	2	37	theme	genetic	363:369	arg1	controls					371:378	the genetic controls	359:378	the genetic controls	359:378	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	2	37	theme	genetic	363:369	arg1	unresolved					390:399	unresolved	390:399	unresolved	390:399	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	2	38	theme	sorghum	249:255	arg1	composition					263:273	sorghum grain composition	249:273	sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch)	249:300	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	9	39	theme	grain	1401:1405	arg1	traits					1419:1424	grain composition traits	1401:1424	grain composition traits	1401:1424	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	8	40	theme	published	1229:1237	arg1	data					1246:1249	Previously published RNAseq data	1218:1249	Previously published RNAseq data	1218:1249	Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region.
28056770	0	41	theme	composition	31:41	arg1	architecture					8:19	Genetic architecture	0:19	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm	0:69	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm.
28056770	7	42	theme	quantitative	1150:1161	arg1	QTL					1175:1177	QTL	1175:1177	QTL	1175:1177	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	7	42	theme	quantitative	1150:1161	arg1	loci					1169:1172	quantitative trait loci	1150:1172	quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch	1150:1215	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	10	43	theme	grain	1667:1671	arg1	composition					1673:1683	sorghum grain composition	1659:1683	sorghum grain composition	1659:1683	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	10	44	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1495:1505	arg1	loci					1617:1620	several loci	1609:1620	several loci	1609:1620	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	10	44	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1495:1505	arg1	identified					1510:1519	identified	1510:1519	identified	1510:1519	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	0	45	theme	global	46:51	arg1	germplasm					61:69	global sorghum germplasm	46:69	global sorghum germplasm	46:69	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm.
28056770	11	46	theme	protein	1762:1768	arg1	germplasm					1730:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	46	theme	protein	1762:1768	arg1	identification					1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	6	47	theme	kafir	997:1001	arg1	sorghum					1003:1009	kafir sorghum	997:1009	kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa	997:1043	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	11	48	from	basis	1839:1843	arg1	traits					1895:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	3	49	theme	grain	472:476	arg1	composition					478:488	sorghum grain composition	464:488	sorghum grain composition	464:488	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	6	50	theme	starch	975:980	arg1	content					982:988	the lowest starch content	964:988	the lowest starch content	964:988	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	11	51	theme	grain	1701:1705	arg1	composition					1707:1717	grain composition	1701:1717	grain composition	1701:1717	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	9	52	theme	strong	1447:1452	arg1	candidate					1454:1462	a strong candidate	1445:1462	a strong candidate for protein and fat variation	1445:1492	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	9	52	theme	strong	1447:1452	arg1	gene					1341:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene	1314:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene	1314:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	7	53	theme	association	1112:1122	arg1	GWAS					1133:1136	GWAS	1133:1136	GWAS	1133:1136	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	7	53	theme	association	1112:1122	arg1	studies					1124:1130	Genome-wide association studies	1100:1130	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)	1100:1137	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	10	54	theme	genetic	1542:1548	arg1	material					1550:1557	genetic material	1542:1557	genetic material	1542:1557	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	2	55	theme	composition	263:273	arg1	variation					236:244	Natural variation	228:244	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions	228:319	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	10	56	theme	several	1609:1615	arg1	loci					1617:1620	several loci	1609:1620	several loci	1609:1620	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	3	57	theme	sorghum	464:470	arg1	composition					478:488	sorghum grain composition	464:488	sorghum grain composition	464:488	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	10	58	theme	composition	1585:1595	arg1	traits					1597:1602	grain composition traits	1579:1602	grain composition traits	1579:1602	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	6	59	from	India	922:926	arg1	Durra					872:876	Durra	872:876	Durra	872:876	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	59	from	India	922:926	arg1	sorghum					896:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	3	60	theme	single-nucleotide	506:522	arg1	SNPs					539:542	SNPs	539:542	SNPs	539:542	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	3	60	theme	single-nucleotide	506:522	arg1	polymorphisms					524:536	single-nucleotide polymorphisms	506:536	single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations	506:605	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	5	61	theme	fat	789:791	arg1	content					793:799	fat content	789:799	fat content	789:799	Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%.
28056770	11	62	theme	basis	1839:1843	arg1	understanding					1810:1822	our understanding	1806:1822	our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits	1806:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	63	theme	nutritional	1883:1893	arg1	traits					1895:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	64	theme	sorghum	1869:1875	arg1	traits					1895:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	6	65	theme	highest	1076:1082	arg1	content					1091:1097	the highest starch content	1072:1097	the highest starch content	1072:1097	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	1	66	from	farmers	209:215	arg1	Africa					220:225	Africa	220:225	Africa	220:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	11	67	theme	fat	1771:1773	arg1	germplasm					1730:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	67	theme	fat	1771:1773	arg1	identification					1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	8	68	theme	QTL	1302:1304	arg1	region					1306:1311	a GWAS QTL region	1295:1311	a GWAS QTL region	1295:1311	Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region.
28056770	5	69	dep	%	869:869	arg1	to					862:863	to	862:863	to	862:863	Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%.
28056770	10	70	theme	sorghum	1659:1665	arg1	composition					1673:1683	sorghum grain composition	1659:1683	sorghum grain composition	1659:1683	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	9	71	theme	alpha-amylase	1325:1337	arg1	candidate					1454:1462	a strong candidate	1445:1462	a strong candidate for protein and fat variation	1445:1492	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	9	71	theme	alpha-amylase	1325:1337	arg1	gene					1341:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene	1314:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene	1314:1344	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	6	72	theme	lowest	1053:1058	arg1	protein					1060:1066	protein	1060:1066	protein	1060:1066	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	2	73	used	used	328:331	arg2	variation					236:244	Natural variation	228:244	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions	228:319	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	11	74	theme	QTL	1787:1789	arg1	germplasm					1730:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	74	theme	QTL	1787:1789	arg1	identification					1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	1	75	theme	cereal	137:142	arg1	bicolor					100:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor	72:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]	72:119	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	75	theme	cereal	137:142	arg1	crop					144:147	an important cereal crop	124:147	an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa	124:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	6	76	theme	bicolor-durra	882:894	arg1	sorghum					896:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	0	77	from	architecture	8:19	arg1	germplasm					61:69	global sorghum germplasm	46:69	global sorghum germplasm	46:69	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm.
28056770	11	78	from	survey	1691:1696	arg1	germplasm					1730:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	11	78	from	survey	1691:1696	arg1	identification					1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	identification	1744:1757	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	5	79	dep	18.8	782:785	arg1	to					779:780	to	779:780	to	779:780	Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%.
28056770	10	80	theme	traits	1597:1602	arg1	manipulation					1563:1574	manipulation	1563:1574	manipulation of grain composition traits	1563:1602	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	6	81	from	Ethiopia	909:916	arg1	Durra					872:876	Durra	872:876	Durra	872:876	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	81	from	Ethiopia	909:916	arg1	sorghum					896:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	bicolor-durra sorghum	882:902	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	4	82	theme	diversity	690:698	arg1	panel					700:704	a global sorghum diversity panel	673:704	a global sorghum diversity panel	673:704	RESULTS In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
28056770	1	83	theme	BACKGROUND	72:81	arg1	bicolor					100:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor	72:106	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]	72:119	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	83	theme	BACKGROUND	72:81	arg1	Moench					113:118	L.) Moench	109:118	L.) Moench	109:118	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	1	83	theme	BACKGROUND	72:81	arg1	crop					144:147	an important cereal crop	124:147	an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa	124:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	6	84	from	Africa	1038:1043	arg1	sorghum					1003:1009	kafir sorghum	997:1009	kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa	997:1043	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	2	85	theme	crop	337:340	arg1	improvement					342:352	crop improvement	337:352	crop improvement	337:352	Natural variation of sorghum grain composition (protein, fat, and starch) between accessions can be used for crop improvement, but the genetic controls are still unresolved.
28056770	9	86	dep	protein	1468:1474	arg1	variation					1484:1492	variation	1484:1492	variation	1484:1492	A putative alpha-amylase 3 gene, which has previously been shown to be associated with grain composition traits, was identified as a strong candidate for protein and fat variation.
28056770	5	87	theme	starch	830:835	arg1	content					837:843	starch content	830:843	starch content	830:843	Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%.
28056770	6	88	dep	protein	944:950	arg1	the					932:934	the	932:934	the	932:934	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	11	89	theme	sorghum	1722:1728	arg1	germplasm					1730:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	sorghum germplasm	1722:1738	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	0	90	theme	kernel	24:29	arg1	composition					31:41	kernel composition	24:41	kernel composition	24:41	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm.
28056770	7	91	theme	trait	1163:1167	arg1	QTL					1175:1177	QTL	1175:1177	QTL	1175:1177	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	7	91	theme	trait	1163:1167	arg1	loci					1169:1172	quantitative trait loci	1150:1172	quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch	1150:1215	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	5	92	dep	4.3	820:822	arg1	to					817:818	to	817:818	to	817:818	Protein content ranged from 8.1 to 18.8%, fat content ranged from 1.0 to 4.3%, and starch content ranged from 61.7 to 71.1%.
28056770	4	93	theme	global	675:680	arg1	panel					700:704	a global sorghum diversity panel	673:704	a global sorghum diversity panel	673:704	RESULTS In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
28056770	6	94	from	India	1021:1025	arg1	sorghum					1003:1009	kafir sorghum	997:1009	kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa	997:1043	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	4	95	dep	RESULTS	608:614	arg1	quantified					634:643	quantified	634:643	quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)	634:744	RESULTS In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
28056770	6	96	contain	had	1045:1047	arg2	content					1091:1097	the highest starch content	1072:1097	the highest starch content	1072:1097	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	96	contain	had	1045:1047	arg2	protein					1060:1066	protein	1060:1066	protein	1060:1066	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	6	96	contain	had	1045:1047	arg1	sorghum					1003:1009	kafir sorghum	997:1009	kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa	997:1043	Durra and bicolor-durra sorghum from Ethiopia and India had the highest protein and fat and the lowest starch content, while kafir sorghum from USA, India, and South Africa had the lowest protein and the highest starch content.
28056770	3	97	theme	composition	580:590	arg1	concentrations					592:605	grain composition concentrations	574:605	grain composition concentrations	574:605	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	0	98	theme	sorghum	53:59	arg1	germplasm					61:69	global sorghum germplasm	46:69	global sorghum germplasm	46:69	Genetic architecture of kernel composition in global sorghum germplasm.
28056770	8	99	theme	RNAseq	1239:1244	arg1	data					1246:1249	Previously published RNAseq data	1218:1249	Previously published RNAseq data	1218:1249	Previously published RNAseq data was used to identify candidate genes within a GWAS QTL region.
28056770	10	100	theme	promising	1521:1529	arg1	sources					1531:1537	promising sources	1521:1537	promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits	1521:1602	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
28056770	11	101	theme	starch	1780:1785	arg1	QTL					1787:1789	starch QTL	1780:1789	starch QTL	1780:1789	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	4	102	theme	spectroscopy	726:737	arg1	NIRS					740:743	near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)	712:744	near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)	712:744	RESULTS In this study, we quantified protein, fat, and starch in a global sorghum diversity panel using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
28056770	3	103	theme	study	420:424	arg1	goals					406:410	The goals	402:410	The goals of this study	402:424	The goals of this study were to quantify natural variation of sorghum grain composition and to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with variation in grain composition concentrations.
28056770	1	104	theme	small-holder	196:207	arg1	farmers					209:215	small-holder farmers	196:215	small-holder farmers in Africa	196:225	BACKGROUND Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop for dryland areas in the United States and for small-holder farmers in Africa.
28056770	7	105	theme	Genome-wide	1100:1110	arg1	GWAS					1133:1136	GWAS	1133:1136	GWAS	1133:1136	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	7	105	theme	Genome-wide	1100:1110	arg1	studies					1124:1130	Genome-wide association studies	1100:1130	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS)	1100:1137	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sorghum protein, fat, and starch.
28056770	11	106	from	variation	1856:1864	arg1	traits					1895:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	sorghum grain nutritional traits	1869:1900	This survey of grain composition in sorghum germplasm and identification of protein, fat, and starch QTL contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in sorghum grain nutritional traits.
28056770	10	107	theme	material	1550:1557	arg1	sources					1531:1537	promising sources	1521:1537	promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits	1521:1602	CONCLUSIONS We identified promising sources of genetic material for manipulation of grain composition traits, and several loci and candidate genes that may control sorghum grain composition.
24368104	6	0	theme	porous	866:871	arg1	cores					880:884	porous matrix cores	866:884	porous matrix cores	866:884	SEM photomicrographs confirmed the structure of porous matrix cores.
24368104	2	1	theme	gastro-floating	309:323	arg1	GFP					334:336	GFP	334:336	GFP	334:336	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	1	theme	gastro-floating	309:323	arg1	pellets					325:331	The gastro-floating pellets	305:331	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP)	305:337	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	0	2	theme	in	131:132	arg1	evaluation					139:148	in vitro and in vivo evaluation	118:148	in vitro and in vivo evaluation	118:148	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	5	3	theme	porous	634:639	arg1	core					648:651	The porous matrix core	630:651	The porous matrix core	630:651	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	10	4	theme	gastro-floating	1272:1286	arg1	approach					1328:1335	a promising approach	1316:1335	a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1316:1382	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	10	4	theme	gastro-floating	1272:1286	arg1	pellets					1288:1294	the novel gastro-floating pellets	1262:1294	the novel gastro-floating pellets	1262:1294	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	5	5	from	beads	745:749	arg1	release					682:688	the complete release	669:688	the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads	669:749	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	4	6	theme	matrix	558:563	arg1	EC					537:538	EC	537:538	EC	537:538	EC was chosen as the matrix membrane for its rigidity and minimal expansion to large extent.
24368104	4	6	theme	matrix	558:563	arg1	membrane					565:572	the matrix membrane	554:572	the matrix membrane	554:572	EC was chosen as the matrix membrane for its rigidity and minimal expansion to large extent.
24368104	10	7	theme	promising	1318:1326	arg1	approach					1328:1335	a promising approach	1316:1335	a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1316:1382	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	10	7	theme	promising	1318:1326	arg1	pellets					1288:1294	the novel gastro-floating pellets	1262:1294	the novel gastro-floating pellets	1262:1294	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	0	8	theme	porous	82:87	arg1	core					112:115	a porous and low-density matrix core	80:115	a porous and low-density matrix core	80:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	10	9	theme	novel	1266:1270	arg1	approach					1328:1335	a promising approach	1316:1335	a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1316:1382	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	10	9	theme	novel	1266:1270	arg1	pellets					1288:1294	the novel gastro-floating pellets	1262:1294	the novel gastro-floating pellets	1262:1294	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	5	10	theme	soluble	799:805	arg1	excipient					807:815	the optimal water soluble excipient	781:815	the optimal water soluble excipient	781:815	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	10	theme	soluble	799:805	arg1	mannitol					756:763	mannitol	756:763	mannitol	756:763	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	8	11	theme	drug	1015:1018	arg1	release					1020:1026	the drug release	1011:1026	the drug release for 12h	1011:1034	The optimized formulation could sustain the drug release for 12h and float on the dissolution medium for at least 12h without lag time to float.
24368104	2	12	theme	NE	476:477	arg1	layer					457:461	a retarding layer	445:461	a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D)	445:482	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	12	theme	NE	476:477	arg1	30D					479:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	1	13	with	core	271:274	arg1	floatability					291:302	excellent floatability	281:302	excellent floatability	281:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	0	14	theme	low-density	93:103	arg1	core					112:115	a porous and low-density matrix core	80:115	a porous and low-density matrix core	80:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	7	15	theme	orthogonal	946:955	arg1	design					963:968	orthogonal array design	946:968	orthogonal array design	946:968	The compositions of GFP were investigated and optimized by orthogonal array design.
24368104	2	16	theme	porous	358:363	arg1	core					372:375	a porous matrix core	356:375	a porous matrix core	356:375	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	16	theme	porous	358:363	arg1	drug					380:383	a drug	378:383	a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D)	378:482	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	9	17	theme	beagle	1159:1164	arg1	dogs					1166:1169	beagle dogs	1159:1169	beagle dogs	1159:1169	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	7	18	theme	array	957:961	arg1	design					963:968	orthogonal array design	946:968	orthogonal array design	946:968	The compositions of GFP were investigated and optimized by orthogonal array design.
24368104	6	19	theme	matrix	873:878	arg1	cores					880:884	porous matrix cores	866:884	porous matrix cores	866:884	SEM photomicrographs confirmed the structure of porous matrix cores.
24368104	5	20	theme	excipient	716:724	arg1	release					682:688	the complete release	669:688	the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads	669:749	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	0	21	theme	novel	2:6	arg1	system					41:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	0:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core	0:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	9	22	theme	relative	1180:1187	arg1	%					1244:1244	193.11±3.43%	1233:1244	193.11±3.43%	1233:1244	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	9	22	theme	relative	1180:1187	arg1	bioavailability					1189:1203	the relative bioavailability	1176:1203	the relative bioavailability of the test preparation	1176:1227	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	6	23	theme	SEM	818:820	arg1	photomicrographs					822:837	SEM photomicrographs	818:837	SEM photomicrographs	818:837	SEM photomicrographs confirmed the structure of porous matrix cores.
24368104	10	24	theme	drug	1362:1365	arg1	systems					1376:1382	the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1341:1382	the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1341:1382	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	8	25	theme	lag	1097:1099	arg1	time					1101:1104	lag time	1097:1104	lag time to float	1097:1113	The optimized formulation could sustain the drug release for 12h and float on the dissolution medium for at least 12h without lag time to float.
24368104	0	26	theme	in	118:119	arg1	evaluation					139:148	in vitro and in vivo evaluation	118:148	in vitro and in vivo evaluation	118:148	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	1	27	theme	porous	241:246	arg1	core					271:274	a porous and low-density matrix core	239:274	a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability	239:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	2	28	dep	layer	392:396	arg1	HPMC					407:410	HPMC	407:410	HPMC	407:410	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	28	dep	layer	392:396	arg1	DIP					399:401	DIP	399:401	DIP	399:401	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	4	29	theme	minimal	595:601	arg1	expansion					603:611	minimal expansion	595:611	minimal expansion	595:611	EC was chosen as the matrix membrane for its rigidity and minimal expansion to large extent.
24368104	0	30	theme	multiparticulate	24:39	arg1	system					41:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	0:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core	0:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	4	31	theme	large	616:620	arg1	extent					622:627	large extent	616:627	large extent	616:627	EC was chosen as the matrix membrane for its rigidity and minimal expansion to large extent.
24368104	0	32	theme	gastro-floating	8:22	arg1	system					41:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	0:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core	0:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	1	33	theme	low-density	252:262	arg1	core					271:274	a porous and low-density matrix core	239:274	a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability	239:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	0	34	theme	matrix	105:110	arg1	core					112:115	a porous and low-density matrix core	80:115	a porous and low-density matrix core	80:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	5	35	theme	water	793:797	arg1	excipient					807:815	the optimal water soluble excipient	781:815	the optimal water soluble excipient	781:815	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	35	theme	water	793:797	arg1	mannitol					756:763	mannitol	756:763	mannitol	756:763	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	36	theme	EC	735:736	arg1	beads					745:749	the EC coated beads	731:749	the EC coated beads	731:749	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	37	theme	matrix	641:646	arg1	core					648:651	The porous matrix core	630:651	The porous matrix core	630:651	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	1	38	theme	matrix	264:269	arg1	core					271:274	a porous and low-density matrix core	239:274	a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability	239:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	2	39	theme	retarding	447:455	arg1	layer					457:461	a retarding layer	445:461	a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D)	445:482	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	39	theme	retarding	447:455	arg1	30D					479:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	5	40	theme	bulk	697:700	arg1	excipient					716:724	the bulk water soluble excipient	693:724	the bulk water soluble excipient	693:724	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	41	theme	soluble	708:714	arg1	excipient					716:724	the bulk water soluble excipient	693:724	the bulk water soluble excipient	693:724	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	8	42	theme	dissolution	1053:1063	arg1	medium					1065:1070	the dissolution medium	1049:1070	the dissolution medium for at least 12h	1049:1087	The optimized formulation could sustain the drug release for 12h and float on the dissolution medium for at least 12h without lag time to float.
24368104	5	43	theme	complete	673:680	arg1	release					682:688	the complete release	669:688	the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads	669:749	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	44	theme	water	702:706	arg1	excipient					716:724	the bulk water soluble excipient	693:724	the bulk water soluble excipient	693:724	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	0	45	dep	evaluation	139:148	arg1	system					41:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	0:46	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core	0:115	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	7	46	theme	GFP	907:909	arg1	compositions					891:902	The compositions	887:902	The compositions of GFP	887:909	The compositions of GFP were investigated and optimized by orthogonal array design.
24368104	10	47	theme	delivery	1367:1374	arg1	systems					1376:1382	the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1341:1382	the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1341:1382	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	10	48	theme	gastro-retentive	1345:1360	arg1	systems					1376:1382	the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1341:1382	the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems	1341:1382	In conclusion, the novel gastro-floating pellets can be developed as a promising approach for the gastro-retentive drug delivery systems.
24368104	9	49	theme	preparation	1217:1227	arg1	%					1244:1244	193.11±3.43%	1233:1244	193.11±3.43%	1233:1244	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	9	49	theme	preparation	1217:1227	arg1	bioavailability					1189:1203	the relative bioavailability	1176:1203	the relative bioavailability of the test preparation	1176:1227	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	1	50	theme	excellent	281:289	arg1	floatability					291:302	excellent floatability	281:302	excellent floatability	281:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	2	51	theme	®	473:473	arg1	layer					457:461	a retarding layer	445:461	a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D)	445:482	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	51	theme	®	473:473	arg1	30D					479:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	9	52	theme	pharmacokinetic	1120:1134	arg1	study					1136:1140	The pharmacokinetic study	1116:1140	The pharmacokinetic study	1116:1140	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	0	53	dep	in	131:132	arg1	vivo					134:137	vivo	134:137	vivo	134:137	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	9	54	theme	test	1212:1215	arg1	preparation					1217:1227	the test preparation	1208:1227	the test preparation	1208:1227	The pharmacokinetic study was conducted in beagle dogs, and the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 193.11±3.43%.
24368104	8	55	theme	optimized	975:983	arg1	formulation					985:995	The optimized formulation	971:995	The optimized formulation	971:995	The optimized formulation could sustain the drug release for 12h and float on the dissolution medium for at least 12h without lag time to float.
24368104	3	56	theme	matrix	496:501	arg1	cores					503:507	The porous matrix cores	485:507	The porous matrix cores	485:507	The porous matrix cores were evaluated in specific.
24368104	5	57	theme	optimal	785:791	arg1	excipient					807:815	the optimal water soluble excipient	781:815	the optimal water soluble excipient	781:815	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	5	57	theme	optimal	785:791	arg1	mannitol					756:763	mannitol	756:763	mannitol	756:763	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	6	58	theme	cores	880:884	arg1	structure					853:861	the structure	849:861	the structure of porous matrix cores	849:884	SEM photomicrographs confirmed the structure of porous matrix cores.
24368104	2	59	theme	Eudragit	464:471	arg1	layer					457:461	a retarding layer	445:461	a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D)	445:482	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	59	theme	Eudragit	464:471	arg1	30D					479:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	Eudragit(®) NE 30D	464:481	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	1	60	theme	novel	184:188	arg1	system					223:228	a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	182:228	a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability	182:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	2	61	theme	matrix	365:370	arg1	core					372:375	a porous matrix core	356:375	a porous matrix core	356:375	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	61	theme	matrix	365:370	arg1	drug					380:383	a drug	378:383	a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D)	378:482	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	0	62	dep	in	118:119	arg1	vitro					121:125	vitro	121:125	vitro	121:125	A novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system for dipyridamole (DIP) based on a porous and low-density matrix core: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
24368104	1	63	theme	gastro-floating	190:204	arg1	system					223:228	a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	182:228	a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability	182:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
24368104	2	64	theme	sub-coating	416:426	arg1	HPMC					435:438	HPMC	435:438	HPMC	435:438	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	2	64	theme	sub-coating	416:426	arg1	layer					428:432	a sub-coating layer	414:432	a sub-coating layer (HPMC)	414:439	The gastro-floating pellets (GFP) were composed of a porous matrix core, a drug loaded layer (DIP and HPMC), a sub-coating layer (HPMC) and a retarding layer (Eudragit(®) NE 30D).
24368104	3	65	theme	porous	489:494	arg1	cores					503:507	The porous matrix cores	485:507	The porous matrix cores	485:507	The porous matrix cores were evaluated in specific.
24368104	5	66	theme	coated	738:743	arg1	beads					745:749	the EC coated beads	731:749	the EC coated beads	731:749	The porous matrix core was achieved by the complete release of the bulk water soluble excipient from the EC coated beads, and mannitol was selected as the optimal water soluble excipient.
24368104	1	67	theme	multiparticulate	206:221	arg1	system					223:228	a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system	182:228	a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability	182:302	The study was aimed to develop a novel gastro-floating multiparticulate system based on a porous and low-density matrix core with excellent floatability.
23794383	4	0	theme	marolo	469:474	arg1	flour					476:480	marolo flour	469:480	marolo flour	469:480	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	5	1	dep	RESULTS	648:654	arg1	incorporated					693:704	incorporated	693:704	can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity	686:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	6	2	dep	%	917:917	arg1	10					915:916	10	915:916	10	915:916	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	5	3	theme	snack	709:713	arg1	bars					715:718	snack bars	709:718	snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity	709:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	4	theme	antioxidant	874:884	arg1	activity					886:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	5	theme	marolo	289:294	arg1	flour					296:300	marolo flour	289:300	marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars	289:340	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	5	6	from	changes	736:742	arg1	pH					747:748	pH	747:748	pH	747:748	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	6	from	changes	736:742	arg1	content					763:769	moisture content	754:769	moisture content	754:769	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	4	7	dep	g	501:501	arg1	g					507:507	100 g	503:507	10 g 100 g(-1)	498:511	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	7	dep	g	501:501	arg1	-1					509:510	-1	509:510	-1	509:510	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	5	8	from	activity	886:893	arg1	content					821:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	9	from	minerals	861:868	arg1	content					821:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	4	10	dep	g	485:485	arg1	g					491:491	100 g	487:491	5 g 100 g(-1)	483:495	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	10	dep	g	485:485	arg1	-1					493:494	-1	493:494	-1	493:494	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	6	11	theme	overall	1035:1041	arg1	acceptance					1043:1052	overall acceptance	1035:1052	overall acceptance	1035:1052	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	11	theme	overall	1035:1041	arg1	bars					991:994	the snack bars	981:994	the snack bars	981:994	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	12	theme	sensory	959:965	arg1	properties					967:976	the sensory properties	955:976	the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance	955:1052	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	5	13	theme	moisture	754:761	arg1	content					763:769	moisture content	754:769	moisture content	754:769	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	14	theme	healthy	323:329	arg1	bars					337:340	healthy snack bars	323:340	healthy snack bars	323:340	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	4	15	theme	increasing	447:456	arg1	amounts					458:464	increasing amounts	447:464	increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w)	447:562	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	15	theme	increasing	447:456	arg1	flour					476:480	marolo flour	469:480	marolo flour	469:480	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	7	16	theme	sensory	1183:1189	arg1	quality					1191:1197	increased nutritional and sensory quality	1157:1197	increased nutritional and sensory quality	1157:1197	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	3	17	theme	ready-to-eat	392:403	arg1	product					416:422	an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	377:422	an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	377:422	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	4	18	dep	g	533:533	arg1	g					539:539	100 g	535:539	20 g 100 g(-1)	530:543	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	18	dep	g	533:533	arg1	-1					541:542	-1	541:542	-1	541:542	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	5	19	from	increase	783:790	arg1	content					821:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	20	theme	nutritious	405:414	arg1	product					416:422	an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	377:422	an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	377:422	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	0	21	theme	fruit-based	11:21	arg1	bars					40:43	fruit-based nutritious snack bars	11:43	fruit-based nutritious snack bars	11:43	Developing fruit-based nutritious snack bars.
23794383	7	22	theme	CONCLUSION	1055:1064	arg1	flour					1073:1077	CONCLUSION Marolo flour	1055:1077	CONCLUSION Marolo flour	1055:1077	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	5	23	theme	2.4-fold	795:802	arg1	increase					783:790	an increase	780:790	an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C	780:858	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	23	theme	2.4-fold	795:802	arg1	minerals					861:868	minerals	861:868	minerals	861:868	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	23	theme	2.4-fold	795:802	arg1	activity					886:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	6	24	dep	flour	926:930	arg1	%					917:917	%	917:917	%	917:917	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	0	25	theme	snack	34:38	arg1	bars					40:43	fruit-based nutritious snack bars	11:43	fruit-based nutritious snack bars	11:43	Developing fruit-based nutritious snack bars.
23794383	6	26	theme	marolo	919:924	arg1	flour					926:930	up to 10% marolo flour	909:930	up to 10% marolo flour	909:930	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	5	27	from	content	821:827	arg1	increase					783:790	an increase	780:790	an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C	780:858	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	27	from	content	821:827	arg1	minerals					861:868	minerals	861:868	minerals	861:868	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	27	from	content	821:827	arg1	activity					886:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	28	theme	alternative	380:390	arg1	product					416:422	an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	377:422	an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	377:422	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	3	29	theme	snack	331:335	arg1	bars					337:340	healthy snack bars	323:340	healthy snack bars	323:340	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	4	30	dep	amounts	458:464	arg1	g					485:485	5 g 100 g(-1)	483:495	5 g 100 g(-1)	483:495	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	30	dep	amounts	458:464	arg1	g					501:501	10 g 100 g(-1)	498:511	10 g 100 g(-1)	498:511	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	30	dep	amounts	458:464	arg1	g					517:517	15 g 100 g(-1)	514:527	15 g 100 g(-1)	514:527	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	30	dep	amounts	458:464	arg1	g					533:533	20 g 100 g(-1)	530:543	20 g 100 g(-1)	530:543	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	5	31	dep	flour	680:684	arg1	up					663:664	up	663:664	up	663:664	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	7	32	theme	increased	1157:1165	arg1	quality					1191:1197	increased nutritional and sensory quality	1157:1197	increased nutritional and sensory quality	1157:1197	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	3	33	theme	bars	337:340	arg1	production					309:318	the production	305:318	the production of healthy snack bars	305:340	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	5	34	with	bars	715:718	arg1	increase					783:790	an increase	780:790	an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C	780:858	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	34	with	bars	715:718	arg1	minerals					861:868	minerals	861:868	minerals	861:868	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	34	with	bars	715:718	arg1	activity					886:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	34	with	bars	715:718	arg1	changes					736:742	some minor changes	725:742	some minor changes in pH and moisture content	725:769	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	35	theme	C	858:858	arg1	increase					783:790	an increase	780:790	an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C	780:858	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	35	theme	C	858:858	arg1	minerals					861:868	minerals	861:868	minerals	861:868	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	35	theme	C	858:858	arg1	activity					886:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	antioxidant activity	874:893	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	1	36	theme	typical	95:101	arg1	nutritious					131:140	nutritious	131:140	nutritious	131:140	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	36	theme	typical	95:101	arg1	fruit					112:116	a typical savannah fruit	93:116	a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated	93:163	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	36	theme	typical	95:101	arg1	Marolo					57:62	BACKGROUND Marolo	46:62	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart)	46:88	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	7	37	theme	Marolo	1066:1071	arg1	flour					1073:1077	CONCLUSION Marolo flour	1055:1077	CONCLUSION Marolo flour	1055:1077	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	3	38	from	production	309:318	arg1	use					282:284	the potential use	268:284	the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	268:422	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	5	39	theme	dietary	807:813	arg1	content					821:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	40	theme	20	669:670	arg1	%					671:671	%	671:671	%	671:671	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	5	41	theme	marolo	673:678	arg1	flour					680:684	20% marolo flour	669:684	20% marolo flour	669:684	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	42	theme	study	246:250	arg1	objective					228:236	The objective	224:236	The objective of this study	224:250	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	2	43	theme	fresh	211:215	arg1	fruit					217:221	fresh fruit	211:221	fresh fruit	211:221	However, its consumption has been limited to fresh fruit.
23794383	5	44	theme	%	671:671	arg1	flour					680:684	20% marolo flour	669:684	20% marolo flour	669:684	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	45	theme	potential	272:280	arg1	use					282:284	the potential use	268:284	the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	268:422	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	4	46	theme	Snack	425:429	arg1	bars					431:434	Snack bars	425:434	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w)	425:562	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	7	47	theme	snack	1140:1144	arg1	bars					1146:1149	healthy snack bars	1132:1149	healthy snack bars	1132:1149	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	1	48	theme	savannah	103:110	arg1	nutritious					131:140	nutritious	131:140	nutritious	131:140	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	48	theme	savannah	103:110	arg1	fruit					112:116	a typical savannah fruit	93:116	a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated	93:163	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	48	theme	savannah	103:110	arg1	Marolo					57:62	BACKGROUND Marolo	46:62	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart)	46:88	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	4	49	dep	g	517:517	arg1	g					523:523	100 g	519:523	15 g 100 g(-1)	514:527	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	49	dep	g	517:517	arg1	-1					525:526	-1	525:526	-1	525:526	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	7	50	theme	alternative	1100:1110	arg1	flour					1112:1116	an alternative flour	1097:1116	an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality	1097:1197	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	6	51	theme	bars	991:994	arg1	properties					967:976	the sensory properties	955:976	the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance	955:1052	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	52	theme	snack	985:989	arg1	texture					1023:1029	texture	1023:1029	texture	1023:1029	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	52	theme	snack	985:989	arg1	acceptance					1043:1052	overall acceptance	1035:1052	overall acceptance	1035:1052	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	52	theme	snack	985:989	arg1	taste					1016:1020	taste	1016:1020	taste	1016:1020	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	52	theme	snack	985:989	arg1	bars					991:994	the snack bars	981:994	the snack bars	981:994	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	6	52	theme	snack	985:989	arg1	appearance					1004:1013	appearance	1004:1013	appearance	1004:1013	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	4	53	theme	sensory	607:613	arg1	characteristics					615:629	sensory characteristics	607:629	sensory characteristics	607:629	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	5	54	theme	fibre	815:819	arg1	content					821:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	dietary fibre content	807:827	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	4	55	contain	containing	436:445	arg2	flour					476:480	marolo flour	469:480	marolo flour	469:480	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	55	contain	containing	436:445	arg2	amounts					458:464	increasing amounts	447:464	increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w)	447:562	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	55	contain	containing	436:445	arg1	bars					431:434	Snack bars	425:434	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w)	425:562	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	7	56	theme	nutritional	1167:1177	arg1	quality					1191:1197	increased nutritional and sensory quality	1157:1197	increased nutritional and sensory quality	1157:1197	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	3	57	from	flour	296:300	arg1	production					309:318	the production	305:318	the production of healthy snack bars	305:340	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	7	58	theme	healthy	1132:1138	arg1	bars					1146:1149	healthy snack bars	1132:1149	healthy snack bars	1132:1149	CONCLUSION Marolo flour can be considered an alternative flour for obtaining healthy snack bars, with increased nutritional and sensory quality.
23794383	5	59	theme	minor	730:734	arg1	changes					736:742	some minor changes	725:742	some minor changes in pH and moisture content	725:769	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	3	60	theme	flour	296:300	arg1	use					282:284	the potential use	268:284	the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product	268:422	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
23794383	5	61	theme	vitamin	850:856	arg1	C					858:858	vitamin C	850:858	vitamin C	850:858	RESULTS Levels up to 20% marolo flour can be incorporated in snack bars with some minor changes in pH and moisture content but with an increase of 2.4-fold in dietary fibre content and also 1.3-fold of vitamin C, minerals and antioxidant activity.
23794383	1	62	theme	BACKGROUND	46:55	arg1	nutritious					131:140	nutritious	131:140	nutritious	131:140	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	62	theme	BACKGROUND	46:55	arg1	Mart					84:87	Mart	84:87	Mart	84:87	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	62	theme	BACKGROUND	46:55	arg1	fruit					112:116	a typical savannah fruit	93:116	a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated	93:163	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	1	62	theme	BACKGROUND	46:55	arg1	Marolo					57:62	BACKGROUND Marolo	46:62	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart)	46:88	BACKGROUND Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) is a typical savannah fruit that is very nutritious and highly appreciated.
23794383	4	63	dep	physico-chemical	586:601	arg1	the					582:584	the	582:584	the	582:584	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	6	64	dep	10	915:916	arg1	to					912:913	to	912:913	to	912:913	In addition, up to 10% marolo flour improves significantly the sensory properties of the snack bars, namely appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance.
23794383	4	65	theme	flour	476:480	arg1	amounts					458:464	increasing amounts	447:464	increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w)	447:562	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	4	65	theme	flour	476:480	arg1	flour					476:480	marolo flour	469:480	marolo flour	469:480	Snack bars containing increasing amounts of marolo flour (5 g 100 g(-1), 10 g 100 g(-1), 15 g 100 g(-1), 20 g 100 g(-1), expressed in w/w) were produced and the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics were determined.
23794383	0	66	theme	nutritious	23:32	arg1	bars					40:43	fruit-based nutritious snack bars	11:43	fruit-based nutritious snack bars	11:43	Developing fruit-based nutritious snack bars.
23794383	3	67	from	use	282:284	arg1	production					309:318	the production	305:318	the production of healthy snack bars	305:340	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of marolo flour in the production of healthy snack bars to valorise this fruit and provide an alternative ready-to-eat nutritious product.
28930091	9	0	theme	recovery	1900:1907	arg1	measurements					1921:1932	rotational recovery rheological measurements	1889:1932	rotational recovery rheological measurements	1889:1932	Finally, the ability of the materials to recover to their original viscosity after extrusion was examined using rotational recovery rheological measurements.
28930091	1	1	theme	biofabrication	271:284	arg1	field					262:266	the field	258:266	the field of biofabrication	258:284	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	4	2	theme	mathematical	891:902	arg1	model					904:908	a mathematical model	889:908	a mathematical model	889:908	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	7	3	theme	shear	1450:1454	arg1	thinning					1456:1463	shear thinning	1450:1463	shear thinning	1450:1463	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	8	4	theme	residence	1657:1665	arg1	times					1667:1671	high residence times	1652:1671	high residence times	1652:1671	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	2	5	theme	polymer	299:305	arg1	solutions					307:315	polymer solutions	299:315	polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels	299:367	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	2	5	theme	polymer	299:305	arg1	Inks					287:290	Inks	287:290	Inks	287:290	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	7	6	theme	mathematical	1479:1490	arg1	model					1492:1496	the mathematical model	1475:1496	the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed	1475:1590	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	6	7	theme	Yield	1208:1212	arg1	stress					1214:1219	Yield stress	1208:1219	Yield stress	1208:1219	Yield stress was investigated by applying a stress ramp to a number of inks, which demonstrated the necessity of high yield for printable materials.
28930091	10	8	theme	variety	2172:2178	arg1	characterisation					2145:2160	the rapid and reproducible characterisation	2118:2160	the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	2118:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	10	9	theme	assessment	1957:1966	arg1	techniques					1968:1977	these assessment techniques	1951:1977	these assessment techniques	1951:1977	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	6	10	theme	inks	1279:1282	arg1	number					1269:1274	a number	1267:1274	a number	1267:1274	Yield stress was investigated by applying a stress ramp to a number of inks, which demonstrated the necessity of high yield for printable materials.
28930091	1	11	theme	extrusion-based	197:211	arg1	bioprinting					216:226	extrusion-based 3D bioprinting	197:226	extrusion-based 3D bioprinting	197:226	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	6	12	theme	stress	1252:1257	arg1	ramp					1259:1262	a stress ramp	1250:1262	a stress ramp	1250:1262	Yield stress was investigated by applying a stress ramp to a number of inks, which demonstrated the necessity of high yield for printable materials.
28930091	4	13	dep	pressure-driven	971:985	arg1	thinning					994:1001	thinning	994:1001	thinning	994:1001	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	8	14	theme	printing	1756:1763	arg1	conditions					1765:1774	different printing conditions	1746:1774	different printing conditions	1746:1774	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	10	15	theme	reproducible	2132:2143	arg1	characterisation					2145:2160	the rapid and reproducible characterisation	2118:2160	the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	2118:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	10	16	theme	inks	2183:2186	arg1	variety					2172:2178	a wide variety	2165:2178	a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	2165:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	10	16	theme	inks	2183:2186	arg1	inks					2183:2186	inks	2183:2186	inks for bioprinting	2183:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	3	17	theme	inks	796:799	arg1	evaluation					782:791	the rheological evaluation	766:791	the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour	766:870	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	6	18	theme	printable	1336:1344	arg1	materials					1346:1354	printable materials	1336:1354	printable materials	1336:1354	Yield stress was investigated by applying a stress ramp to a number of inks, which demonstrated the necessity of high yield for printable materials.
28930091	1	19	theme	major	239:243	arg1	development					147:157	development	147:157	development	147:157	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	1	19	theme	major	239:243	arg1	challenge					245:253	a major challenge	237:253	a major challenge in the field of biofabrication	237:284	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	1	19	theme	major	239:243	arg1	formulation					163:173	formulation	163:173	formulation	163:173	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	1	20	from	challenge	245:253	arg1	field					262:266	the field	258:266	the field of biofabrication	258:284	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	6	21	theme	yield	1326:1330	arg1	necessity					1308:1316	the necessity	1304:1316	the necessity of high yield for printable materials	1304:1354	Yield stress was investigated by applying a stress ramp to a number of inks, which demonstrated the necessity of high yield for printable materials.
28930091	5	22	theme	assessment	1058:1067	arg1	methods					1069:1075	The assessment methods	1054:1075	The assessment methods	1054:1075	The assessment methods were trialled with a commercially available crème, poloxamer 407, alginate-based inks and an alginate-gelatine composite material.
28930091	3	23	theme	yield	821:825	arg1	point					827:831	the yield point	817:831	the yield point	817:831	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	3	23	theme	yield	821:825	arg1	thinning					840:847	shear thinning	834:847	shear thinning	834:847	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	3	23	theme	yield	821:825	arg1	behaviour					862:870	recovery behaviour	853:870	recovery behaviour	853:870	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	8	24	from	conditions	1637:1646	arg1	cytocompatibility					1725:1741	cytocompatibility	1725:1741	cytocompatibility	1725:1741	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	3	25	theme	recovery	853:860	arg1	point					827:831	the yield point	817:831	the yield point	817:831	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	3	25	theme	recovery	853:860	arg1	behaviour					862:870	recovery behaviour	853:870	recovery behaviour	853:870	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	7	26	theme	shear	1361:1365	arg1	behaviour					1376:1384	The shear thinning behaviour	1357:1384	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks	1357:1396	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	10	27	theme	shear	2054:2058	arg1	conditions					2060:2069	shear conditions	2054:2069	shear conditions	2054:2069	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	1	28	theme	inks	188:191	arg1	development					147:157	development	147:157	development	147:157	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	1	28	theme	inks	188:191	arg1	challenge					245:253	a major challenge	237:253	a major challenge in the field of biofabrication	237:284	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	1	28	theme	inks	188:191	arg1	formulation					163:173	formulation	163:173	formulation	163:173	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	1	29	dep	development	147:157	arg1	The					143:145	The	143:145	The	143:145	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	0	30	theme	rheological	93:103	arg1	properties					105:114	rheological properties	93:114	rheological properties governing bioprintability	93:140	Proposal to assess printability of bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability.
28930091	9	31	theme	materials	1805:1813	arg1	ability					1790:1796	the ability	1786:1796	the ability of the materials to recover to their original viscosity after extrusion	1786:1868	Finally, the ability of the materials to recover to their original viscosity after extrusion was examined using rotational recovery rheological measurements.
28930091	3	32	theme	two-step	543:550	arg1	method					552:557	a reproducible two-step method	528:557	a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting	528:620	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	2	33	theme	adequate	392:399	arg1	properties					412:421	adequate mechanical properties	392:421	adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application	392:448	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	8	34	from	walls	1690:1694	arg1	cells					1677:1681	cells	1677:1681	cells at the walls of the needle	1677:1708	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	4	35	theme	inks	1016:1019	arg1	extrusion					1003:1011	the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion	967:1011	the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks	967:1019	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	7	36	theme	parameters	1541:1550	arg1	window					1513:1518	the window	1509:1518	the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed	1509:1590	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	5	37	theme	composite	1188:1196	arg1	material					1198:1205	an alginate-gelatine composite material	1167:1205	an alginate-gelatine composite material	1167:1205	The assessment methods were trialled with a commercially available crème, poloxamer 407, alginate-based inks and an alginate-gelatine composite material.
28930091	7	38	theme	printer	1523:1529	arg1	parameters					1541:1550	printer operating parameters	1523:1550	printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed	1523:1590	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	10	39	theme	rapid	2122:2126	arg1	characterisation					2145:2160	the rapid and reproducible characterisation	2118:2160	the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	2118:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	3	40	theme	reproducible	530:541	arg1	method					552:557	a reproducible two-step method	528:557	a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting	528:620	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	5	41	theme	alginate-gelatine	1170:1186	arg1	material					1198:1205	an alginate-gelatine composite material	1167:1205	an alginate-gelatine composite material	1167:1205	The assessment methods were trialled with a commercially available crème, poloxamer 407, alginate-based inks and an alginate-gelatine composite material.
28930091	9	42	theme	rotational	1889:1898	arg1	measurements					1921:1932	rotational recovery rheological measurements	1889:1932	rotational recovery rheological measurements	1889:1932	Finally, the ability of the materials to recover to their original viscosity after extrusion was examined using rotational recovery rheological measurements.
28930091	8	43	theme	high	1626:1629	arg1	conditions					1637:1646	high shear conditions	1626:1646	high shear conditions	1626:1646	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	3	44	theme	3D	721:722	arg1	constructs					724:733	3D constructs	721:733	3D constructs	721:733	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	9	45	theme	rheological	1909:1919	arg1	measurements					1921:1932	rotational recovery rheological measurements	1889:1932	rotational recovery rheological measurements	1889:1932	Finally, the ability of the materials to recover to their original viscosity after extrusion was examined using rotational recovery rheological measurements.
28930091	7	46	theme	thinning	1456:1463	arg1	degree					1440:1445	the degree	1436:1445	the degree of shear thinning	1436:1463	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	8	47	theme	high	1652:1655	arg1	times					1667:1671	high residence times	1652:1671	high residence times	1652:1671	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	8	48	theme	needle	1703:1708	arg1	walls					1690:1694	the walls	1686:1694	the walls of the needle	1686:1708	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	10	49	theme	wide	2167:2170	arg1	variety					2172:2178	a wide variety	2165:2178	a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	2165:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	10	49	theme	wide	2167:2170	arg1	inks					2183:2186	inks	2183:2186	inks for bioprinting	2183:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	3	50	theme	printability	585:596	arg1	assessment					567:576	the assessment	563:576	the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting	563:620	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	1	51	theme	3D	213:214	arg1	bioprinting					216:226	extrusion-based 3D bioprinting	197:226	extrusion-based 3D bioprinting	197:226	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	3	52	theme	rheological	770:780	arg1	evaluation					782:791	the rheological evaluation	766:791	the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour	766:870	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	10	53	theme	significant	1988:1998	arg1	insights					2000:2007	significant insights	1988:2007	significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	1988:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	8	54	theme	different	1746:1754	arg1	conditions					1765:1774	different printing conditions	1746:1774	different printing conditions	1746:1774	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	4	55	theme	theoretical	938:948	arg1	understanding					950:962	a theoretical understanding	936:962	a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks	936:1019	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	10	56	theme	printable	2035:2043	arg1	inks					2045:2048	printable inks	2035:2048	printable inks	2035:2048	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	5	57	theme	available	1111:1119	arg1	crème					1121:1125	a commercially available crème	1096:1125	a commercially available crème	1096:1125	The assessment methods were trialled with a commercially available crème, poloxamer 407, alginate-based inks and an alginate-gelatine composite material.
28930091	3	58	theme	inks	601:604	arg1	printability					585:596	the printability	581:596	the printability of inks for bioprinting	581:620	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	7	59	theme	inks	1393:1396	arg1	behaviour					1376:1384	The shear thinning behaviour	1357:1384	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks	1357:1396	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	6	60	theme	high	1321:1324	arg1	yield					1326:1330	high yield	1321:1330	high yield	1321:1330	Yield stress was investigated by applying a stress ramp to a number of inks, which demonstrated the necessity of high yield for printable materials.
28930091	2	61	with	solutions	307:315	arg1	addition					326:333	the addition	322:333	the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels	322:367	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	7	62	theme	thinning	1367:1374	arg1	behaviour					1376:1384	The shear thinning behaviour	1357:1384	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks	1357:1396	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	5	63	theme	alginate-based	1143:1156	arg1	inks					1158:1161	alginate-based inks	1143:1161	alginate-based inks	1143:1161	The assessment methods were trialled with a commercially available crème, poloxamer 407, alginate-based inks and an alginate-gelatine composite material.
28930091	1	64	theme	printable	178:186	arg1	inks					188:191	printable inks	178:191	printable inks	178:191	The development and formulation of printable inks for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting has been a major challenge in the field of biofabrication.
28930091	4	65	theme	extrusion	1003:1011	arg1	understanding					950:962	a theoretical understanding	936:962	a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks	936:1019	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	10	66	dep	inks	2045:2048	arg1	present					2071:2077	present	2071:2077	present during the extrusion process	2071:2106	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	10	66	dep	inks	2045:2048	arg1	allow					2112:2116	allow	2112:2116	allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting	2112:2202	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	10	67	theme	extrusion	2090:2098	arg1	process					2100:2106	the extrusion process	2086:2106	the extrusion process	2086:2106	Taken together, these assessment techniques revealed significant insights into the requirements for printable inks and shear conditions present during the extrusion process and allow the rapid and reproducible characterisation of a wide variety of inks for bioprinting.
28930091	0	68	theme	properties	105:114	arg1	evaluation					79:88	evaluation	79:88	evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability	79:140	Proposal to assess printability of bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability.
28930091	0	68	theme	properties	105:114	arg1	bioprinting					63:73	extrusion-based bioprinting	47:73	extrusion-based bioprinting	47:73	Proposal to assess printability of bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability.
28930091	3	69	theme	shear	834:838	arg1	point					827:831	the yield point	817:831	the yield point	817:831	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	3	69	theme	shear	834:838	arg1	thinning					840:847	shear thinning	834:847	shear thinning	834:847	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	4	70	theme	pressure-driven	971:985	arg1	extrusion					1003:1011	the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion	967:1011	the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks	967:1019	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	8	71	from	times	1667:1671	arg1	cytocompatibility					1725:1741	cytocompatibility	1725:1741	cytocompatibility	1725:1741	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	2	72	theme	mechanical	401:410	arg1	properties					412:421	adequate mechanical properties	392:421	adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application	392:448	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	2	73	theme	chosen	431:436	arg1	application					438:448	the chosen application	427:448	the chosen application	427:448	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	0	74	theme	bioinks	35:41	arg1	printability					19:30	printability	19:30	printability of bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability	19:140	Proposal to assess printability of bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability.
28930091	9	75	theme	original	1835:1842	arg1	viscosity					1844:1852	their original viscosity	1829:1852	their original viscosity	1829:1852	Finally, the ability of the materials to recover to their original viscosity after extrusion was examined using rotational recovery rheological measurements.
28930091	3	76	theme	ink	654:656	arg1	formulations					658:669	ink formulations	654:669	ink formulations	654:669	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	8	77	from	effects	1714:1720	arg1	cytocompatibility					1725:1741	cytocompatibility	1725:1741	cytocompatibility	1725:1741	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	0	78	theme	extrusion-based	47:61	arg1	bioprinting					63:73	extrusion-based bioprinting	47:73	extrusion-based bioprinting	47:73	Proposal to assess printability of bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting and evaluation of rheological properties governing bioprintability.
28930091	4	79	from	needles	1029:1035	arg1	bioprinter					1042:1051	a bioprinter	1040:1051	a bioprinter	1040:1051	In conjunction, a mathematical model was formulated to provide a theoretical understanding of the pressure-driven, shear thinning extrusion of inks through needles in a bioprinter.
28930091	2	80	theme	form	354:357	arg1	hydrogels					359:367	form hydrogels	354:367	form hydrogels	354:367	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	7	81	theme	operating	1531:1539	arg1	parameters					1541:1550	printer operating parameters	1523:1550	printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed	1523:1590	The shear thinning behaviour of the inks was then characterised by quantifying the degree of shear thinning and using the mathematical model to predict the window of printer operating parameters in which the materials could be printed.
28930091	3	82	theme	fibre	681:685	arg1	formation					687:695	fibre formation	681:695	fibre formation	681:695	Here we describe a reproducible two-step method for the assessment of the printability of inks for bioprinting, focussing firstly on screening ink formulations to assess fibre formation and the ability to form 3D constructs before presenting a method for the rheological evaluation of inks to characterise the yield point, shear thinning and recovery behaviour.
28930091	2	83	theme	crosslinking	338:349	arg1	addition					326:333	the addition	322:333	the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels	322:367	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
28930091	8	84	theme	shear	1631:1635	arg1	conditions					1637:1646	high shear conditions	1626:1646	high shear conditions	1626:1646	Furthermore, the model predicted high shear conditions and high residence times for cells at the walls of the needle and effects on cytocompatibility at different printing conditions.
28930091	2	85	theme	high	464:467	arg1	biocompatibility					469:484	high biocompatibility	464:484	high biocompatibility as well as printability	464:508	Inks, often polymer solutions with the addition of crosslinking to form hydrogels, must not only display adequate mechanical properties for the chosen application but also show high biocompatibility as well as printability.
25449123	0	0	theme	natural	91:97	arg1	polymers					99:106	natural polymers	91:106	natural polymers	91:106	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	6	1	theme	predicted	845:853	arg1	values					855:860	predicted values	845:860	predicted values obtained by Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software	845:906	The experiential responses were coincided well with predicted values obtained by Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software.
25449123	1	2	theme	release	166:172	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	2	theme	release	166:172	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	3	theme	sodium	259:264	arg1	CaCl2					330:334	CaCl2	330:334	CaCl2	330:334	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	3	theme	sodium	259:264	arg1	cross-linker					341:352	a cross-linker	339:352	a cross-linker	339:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	3	theme	sodium	259:264	arg1	albumin					279:285	sodium alginate-egg albumin	259:285	sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method	259:324	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	3	4	from	effect	442:447	arg1	efficiency					495:504	drug entrapment efficiency	479:504	drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%)	479:512	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	4	from	effect	442:447	arg1	release					550:556	cumulative drug release	534:556	cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %)	534:572	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	4	from	effect	442:447	arg1	μm					526:527	μm	526:527	μm	526:527	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	4	from	effect	442:447	arg1	size					520:523	bead size	515:523	bead size (μm)	515:528	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	1	5	theme	interpenetrating	174:189	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	5	theme	interpenetrating	174:189	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	6	theme	alginate-egg	266:277	arg1	CaCl2					330:334	CaCl2	330:334	CaCl2	330:334	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	6	theme	alginate-egg	266:277	arg1	cross-linker					341:352	a cross-linker	339:352	a cross-linker	339:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	6	theme	alginate-egg	266:277	arg1	albumin					279:285	sodium alginate-egg albumin	259:285	sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method	259:324	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	7	7	theme	medium	970:975	arg1	pH					954:955	the pH	950:955	the pH of a release medium	950:975	The swelling of beads were influenced by the pH of a release medium.
25449123	6	8	theme	Design-Expert	874:886	arg1	software					899:906	Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software	874:906	Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software	874:906	The experiential responses were coincided well with predicted values obtained by Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software.
25449123	8	9	theme	IPN	1009:1011	arg1	beads					1013:1017	IPN beads	1009:1017	IPN beads	1009:1017	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	10	theme	oxcarbazepine	1234:1246	arg1	delivery					1222:1229	sustained delivery	1212:1229	sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period	1212:1265	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	11	theme	sustained	1029:1037	arg1	release					1039:1045	sustained release	1029:1045	sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern	1029:1068	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	12	theme	sodium	1147:1152	arg1	suitable					1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	12	theme	sodium	1147:1152	arg1	beads					1189:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	4	13	theme	%	686:686	arg1	range					666:670	the range	662:670	the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively	662:729	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	8	14	theme	developed	1137:1145	arg1	suitable					1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	14	theme	developed	1137:1145	arg1	beads					1189:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	1	15	theme	polymer	191:197	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	15	theme	polymer	191:197	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	8	16	theme	diffusion	1097:1105	arg1	mechanism					1107:1115	anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism	1075:1115	anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period	1075:1265	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	6	17	theme	®	888:888	arg1	software					899:906	Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software	874:906	Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software	874:906	The experiential responses were coincided well with predicted values obtained by Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software.
25449123	8	18	theme	desired	1252:1258	arg1	period					1260:1265	desired period	1252:1265	desired period	1252:1265	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	1	19	theme	network	199:205	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	19	theme	network	199:205	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	8	20	theme	Hixson-Crowell	1047:1060	arg1	pattern					1062:1068	sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern	1029:1068	sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern	1029:1068	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	21	theme	drug	991:994	arg1	release					996:1002	The in vitro drug release	978:1002	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads	978:1017	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	3	22	theme	amount	452:457	arg1	effect					442:447	The effect	438:447	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %)	438:572	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	8	23	theme	release	1039:1045	arg1	pattern					1062:1068	sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern	1029:1068	sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern	1029:1068	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	24	theme	non-Fickian	1085:1095	arg1	mechanism					1107:1115	anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism	1075:1115	anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period	1075:1265	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	2	25	theme	preliminary	402:412	arg1	study					414:418	preliminary study	402:418	preliminary study of investigation	402:435	Independent variables were identified based on preliminary study of investigation.
25449123	1	26	theme	ionotropic	299:308	arg1	method					319:324	ionotropic gelation method	299:324	ionotropic gelation method	299:324	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	3	27	theme	cumulative	534:543	arg1	release					550:556	cumulative drug release	534:556	cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %)	534:572	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	28	from	h	563:563	arg1	size					520:523	bead size	515:523	bead size (μm)	515:528	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	28	from	h	563:563	arg1	release					550:556	cumulative drug release	534:556	cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %)	534:572	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	28	from	h	563:563	arg1	μm					526:527	μm	526:527	μm	526:527	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	28	from	h	563:563	arg1	efficiency					495:504	drug entrapment efficiency	479:504	drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%)	479:512	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	29	theme	entrapment	484:493	arg1	efficiency					495:504	drug entrapment efficiency	479:504	drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%)	479:512	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	1	30	theme	gelation	310:317	arg1	method					319:324	ionotropic gelation method	299:324	ionotropic gelation method	299:324	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	3	31	theme	drug	545:548	arg1	release					550:556	cumulative drug release	534:556	cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %)	534:572	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	1	32	theme	macromolecules	213:226	arg1	optimization					141:152	optimization	141:152	optimization	141:152	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	32	theme	macromolecules	213:226	arg1	development					125:135	development	125:135	development	125:135	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	0	33	theme	release	41:47	arg1	macromolecules					53:66	modified release IPN macromolecules	32:66	modified release IPN macromolecules	32:66	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	4	34	theme	average	627:633	arg1	size					635:638	average size	627:638	average size	627:638	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	4	35	theme	%	716:716	arg1	range					666:670	the range	662:670	the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively	662:729	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	1	36	theme	IPN	208:210	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	36	theme	IPN	208:210	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	8	37	theme	IPN	1175:1177	arg1	suitable					1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	37	theme	IPN	1175:1177	arg1	beads					1189:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	2	38	theme	investigation	423:435	arg1	study					414:418	preliminary study	402:418	preliminary study of investigation	402:435	Independent variables were identified based on preliminary study of investigation.
25449123	0	39	theme	modified	32:39	arg1	macromolecules					53:66	modified release IPN macromolecules	32:66	modified release IPN macromolecules	32:66	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	3	40	theme	drug	479:482	arg1	efficiency					495:504	drug entrapment efficiency	479:504	drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%)	479:512	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	0	41	theme	macromolecules	53:66	arg1	optimization					16:27	optimization	16:27	optimization	16:27	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	0	41	theme	macromolecules	53:66	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	3	42	dep	h	563:563	arg1	%					571:571	%	571:571	%	571:571	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	42	dep	h	563:563	arg1	Q8h					566:568	Q8h	566:568	Q8h	566:568	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	8	43	theme	anomalous	1075:1083	arg1	mechanism					1107:1115	anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism	1075:1115	anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period	1075:1265	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	0	44	theme	IPN	49:51	arg1	macromolecules					53:66	modified release IPN macromolecules	32:66	modified release IPN macromolecules	32:66	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	7	45	theme	beads	925:929	arg1	swelling					913:920	The swelling	909:920	The swelling of beads	909:929	The swelling of beads were influenced by the pH of a release medium.
25449123	3	46	theme	factorial	600:608	arg1	design					610:615	3(2) factorial design	595:615	3(2) factorial design	595:615	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	7	47	theme	release	962:968	arg1	medium					970:975	a release medium	960:975	a release medium	960:975	The swelling of beads were influenced by the pH of a release medium.
25449123	2	48	theme	Independent	355:365	arg1	variables					367:375	Independent variables	355:375	Independent variables	355:375	Independent variables were identified based on preliminary study of investigation.
25449123	4	49	theme	μm	698:699	arg1	range					666:670	the range	662:670	the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively	662:729	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	8	50	theme	in	982:983	arg1	release					996:1002	The in vitro drug release	978:1002	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads	978:1017	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	51	dep	in	982:983	arg1	vitro					985:989	vitro	985:989	vitro	985:989	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	52	from	beads	1013:1017	arg1	release					996:1002	The in vitro drug release	978:1002	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads	978:1017	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	53	theme	sustained	1212:1220	arg1	delivery					1222:1229	sustained delivery	1212:1229	sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period	1212:1265	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	0	54	theme	oxcarbazepine	71:83	arg1	optimization					16:27	optimization	16:27	optimization	16:27	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	0	54	theme	oxcarbazepine	71:83	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development	0:10	Development and optimization of modified release IPN macromolecules of oxcarbazepine using natural polymers.
25449123	8	55	theme	albumin	1167:1173	arg1	suitable					1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	55	theme	albumin	1167:1173	arg1	beads					1189:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	56	theme	alginate-egg	1154:1165	arg1	suitable					1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	56	theme	alginate-egg	1154:1165	arg1	beads					1189:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	3	57	theme	bead	515:518	arg1	μm					526:527	μm	526:527	μm	526:527	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	57	theme	bead	515:518	arg1	size					520:523	bead size	515:523	bead size (μm)	515:528	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	58	theme	polymers	467:474	arg1	amount					452:457	amount	452:457	amount of both polymers	452:474	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	58	theme	polymers	467:474	arg1	polymers					467:474	both polymers	462:474	both polymers	462:474	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	1	59	theme	oxcarbazepine	239:251	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	59	theme	oxcarbazepine	239:251	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	6	60	theme	experiential	797:808	arg1	responses					810:818	The experiential responses	793:818	The experiential responses	793:818	The experiential responses were coincided well with predicted values obtained by Design-Expert(®) 8.0.6.1 software.
25449123	3	61	dep	efficiency	495:504	arg1	%					511:511	%	511:511	%	511:511	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	3	61	dep	efficiency	495:504	arg1	DEE					507:509	DEE	507:509	DEE	507:509	The effect of amount of both polymers on drug entrapment efficiency (DEE,%), bead size (μm) and cumulative drug release at 8 h (Q8h, %) were optimized using 3(2) factorial design.
25449123	1	62	theme	modified	157:164	arg1	macromolecules					213:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules	157:226	modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker	157:352	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	1	62	theme	modified	157:164	arg1	beads					229:233	beads	229:233	beads	229:233	The study shows development and optimization of modified release interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) macromolecules (beads) of oxcarbazepine using sodium alginate-egg albumin prepared by ionotropic gelation method and CaCl2 as a cross-linker.
25449123	8	63	theme	composite	1179:1187	arg1	suitable					1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	suitable	1199:1206	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	8	63	theme	composite	1179:1187	arg1	beads					1189:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads	1133:1193	The in vitro drug release from IPN beads exhibited sustained release Hixson-Crowell pattern with anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism concluding that the developed sodium alginate-egg albumin IPN composite beads are suitable for sustained delivery of oxcarbazepine for desired period.
25449123	4	64	located	found	653:657	arg2	Q8h					644:646	Q8h	644:646	Q8h	644:646	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	4	64	located	found	653:657	arg2	size					635:638	average size	627:638	average size	627:638	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	4	64	located	found	653:657	arg1	range					666:670	the range	662:670	the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively	662:729	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
25449123	4	64	located	found	653:657	arg2	DEE					622:624	The DEE	618:624	The DEE	618:624	The DEE, average size and Q8h were found in the range of 65.08-91.02%, 976-1084 μm and 73.50-94.06% respectively.
26132001	6	0	theme	sialylated	959:968	arg1	antigens					972:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	4	1	from	abnormalities	519:531	arg1	CDG					536:538	CDG	536:538	CDG	536:538	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	1	2	theme	variable	146:153	arg1	phenotypes					155:164	highly variable phenotypes	139:164	highly variable phenotypes	139:164	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	6	3	theme	T	970:970	arg1	antigens					972:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	7	4	with	patients	1122:1129	arg1	defects					1136:1142	defects	1136:1142	defects in protein glycosylation	1136:1167	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	5	5	theme	matrix-assisted	713:727	arg1	spectrometry					777:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	713:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)	713:803	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	5	theme	matrix-assisted	713:727	arg1	MALDI-TOF-MS					791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	4	6	theme	glycosylation	505:517	arg1	abnormalities					519:531	protein glycosylation abnormalities	497:531	protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG	497:538	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	1	7	theme	Congenital	66:75	arg1	diseases					125:132	diseases	125:132	diseases	125:132	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	7	theme	Congenital	66:75	arg1	disorders					77:85	Congenital disorders	66:85	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG)	66:108	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	7	theme	Congenital	66:75	arg1	group					116:120	a group	114:120	a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features	114:199	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	6	8	theme	mass	1037:1040	arg1	spectrometry					1042:1053	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1008:1053	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1008:1064	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	6	8	theme	mass	1037:1040	arg1	LC-MS/MS					1056:1063	LC-MS/MS	1056:1063	LC-MS/MS	1056:1063	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	5	9	theme	laser	729:733	arg1	spectrometry					777:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	713:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)	713:803	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	9	theme	laser	729:733	arg1	MALDI-TOF-MS					791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	6	10	theme	T	945:945	arg1	antigens					947:954	T antigens	945:954	T antigens	945:954	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	7	11	theme	protein	1147:1153	arg1	glycosylation					1155:1167	protein glycosylation	1147:1167	protein glycosylation	1147:1167	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	5	12	theme	plasma	605:610	arg1	profile					662:668	plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile	605:668	plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile	605:668	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	13	used	used	589:592	arg2	protocols					567:575	three protocols	561:575	three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS)	561:889	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	6	14	theme	chromatography-tandem	1015:1035	arg1	spectrometry					1042:1053	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1008:1053	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1008:1064	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	6	14	theme	chromatography-tandem	1015:1035	arg1	LC-MS/MS					1056:1063	LC-MS/MS	1056:1063	LC-MS/MS	1056:1063	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	3	15	theme	protein	327:333	arg1	glycosylation					335:347	protein glycosylation	327:347	protein glycosylation	327:347	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	5	16	theme	serum	615:619	arg1	CDT					657:659	CDT	657:659	CDT	657:659	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	16	theme	serum	615:619	arg1	transferrin					644:654	serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin	615:654	serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT)	615:660	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	2	17	from	description	218:228	arg1	1980					242:245	1980	242:245	1980	242:245	Since the first description of a CDG in 1980, approximately 100 disorders have been identified.
26132001	5	18	theme	time-of-flight	757:770	arg1	spectrometry					777:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	713:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)	713:803	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	18	theme	time-of-flight	757:770	arg1	MALDI-TOF-MS					791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	3	19	theme	glycolipid	395:404	arg1	number					373:378	an increasing number	359:378	an increasing number	359:378	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	3	19	theme	glycolipid	395:404	arg1	defects					384:390	defects	384:390	defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis	384:433	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	1	20	theme	glycosylation	90:102	arg1	diseases					125:132	diseases	125:132	diseases	125:132	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	20	theme	glycosylation	90:102	arg1	disorders					77:85	Congenital disorders	66:85	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG)	66:108	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	20	theme	glycosylation	90:102	arg1	group					116:120	a group	114:120	a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features	114:199	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	21	theme	inconsistent	170:181	arg1	features					192:199	inconsistent clinical features	170:199	inconsistent clinical features	170:199	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	5	22	theme	ionization-tandem	843:859	arg1	LC-ESI-MS					880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	22	theme	ionization-tandem	843:859	arg1	spectrometry					866:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	808:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS)	808:889	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	23	theme	deficient	634:642	arg1	CDT					657:659	CDT	657:659	CDT	657:659	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	23	theme	deficient	634:642	arg1	transferrin					644:654	serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin	615:654	serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT)	615:660	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	3	24	theme	proteoglycan	409:420	arg1	biosynthesis					422:433	proteoglycan biosynthesis	409:433	proteoglycan biosynthesis	409:433	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	5	25	theme	mass	861:864	arg1	LC-ESI-MS					880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	25	theme	mass	861:864	arg1	spectrometry					866:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	808:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS)	808:889	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	6	26	theme	liquid	1008:1013	arg1	spectrometry					1042:1053	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry	1008:1053	liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)	1008:1064	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	6	26	theme	liquid	1008:1013	arg1	LC-MS/MS					1056:1063	LC-MS/MS	1056:1063	LC-MS/MS	1056:1063	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	1	27	with	group	116:120	arg1	features					192:199	inconsistent clinical features	170:199	inconsistent clinical features	170:199	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	27	with	group	116:120	arg1	phenotypes					155:164	highly variable phenotypes	139:164	highly variable phenotypes	139:164	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	3	28	theme	biosynthesis	422:433	arg1	number					373:378	an increasing number	359:378	an increasing number	359:378	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	3	28	theme	biosynthesis	422:433	arg1	defects					384:390	defects	384:390	defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis	384:433	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	0	29	theme	Congenital	27:36	arg1	Disorders					38:46	Congenital Disorders	27:46	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	27:63	Glycosylation Analysis for Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation.
26132001	1	30	theme	clinical	183:190	arg1	features					192:199	inconsistent clinical features	170:199	inconsistent clinical features	170:199	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	5	31	theme	O-glycan	693:700	arg1	profile					702:708	O-glycan profile	693:708	O-glycan profile	693:708	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	6	32	theme	biomarkers	925:934	arg1	quantification					896:909	The quantification	892:909	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens,	892:980	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	7	33	with	cytometry	1214:1222	arg1	immunostaining					1229:1242	immunostaining	1229:1242	immunostaining	1229:1242	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	4	34	used	used	476:479	arg2	markers					459:465	biochemical markers	447:465	biochemical markers	447:465	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	4	34	used	used	476:479	arg2	group					438:442	A group	436:442	A group of biochemical markers	436:465	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	7	35	from	defects	1136:1142	arg1	glycosylation					1155:1167	protein glycosylation	1147:1167	protein glycosylation	1147:1167	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	6	36	theme	particular	914:923	arg1	antigens					972:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	6	36	theme	particular	914:923	arg1	antigens					947:954	T antigens	945:954	T antigens	945:954	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	6	36	theme	particular	914:923	arg1	biomarkers					925:934	particular biomarkers	914:934	particular biomarkers	914:934	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26132001	2	37	theme	CDG	235:237	arg1	description					218:228	the first description	208:228	the first description of a CDG in 1980	208:245	Since the first description of a CDG in 1980, approximately 100 disorders have been identified.
26132001	4	38	theme	markers	459:465	arg1	group					438:442	A group	436:442	A group of biochemical markers	436:465	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	4	38	theme	markers	459:465	arg1	markers					459:465	biochemical markers	447:465	biochemical markers	447:465	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	5	39	theme	liquid	808:813	arg1	LC-ESI-MS					880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	39	theme	liquid	808:813	arg1	spectrometry					866:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	808:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS)	808:889	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	40	theme	chromatography-electrospray	815:841	arg1	LC-ESI-MS					880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	LC-ESI-MS	880:888	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	40	theme	chromatography-electrospray	815:841	arg1	spectrometry					866:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry	808:877	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS)	808:889	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	4	41	theme	biochemical	447:457	arg1	markers					459:465	biochemical markers	447:465	biochemical markers	447:465	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	0	42	theme	Glycosylation	51:63	arg1	Disorders					38:46	Congenital Disorders	27:46	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	27:63	Glycosylation Analysis for Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation.
26132001	5	43	theme	N-glycan	671:678	arg1	profile					680:686	N-glycan profile	671:686	N-glycan profile	671:686	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	2	44	theme	first	212:216	arg1	description					218:228	the first description	208:228	the first description of a CDG in 1980	208:245	Since the first description of a CDG in 1980, approximately 100 disorders have been identified.
26132001	5	45	theme	carbohydrate	621:632	arg1	CDT					657:659	CDT	657:659	CDT	657:659	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	45	theme	carbohydrate	621:632	arg1	transferrin					644:654	serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin	615:654	serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT)	615:660	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	46	theme	transferrin	644:654	arg1	profile					662:668	plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile	605:668	plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile	605:668	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	7	47	theme	proteoglycan	1294:1305	arg1	biosynthesis					1307:1318	proteoglycan biosynthesis	1294:1318	proteoglycan biosynthesis	1294:1318	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	7	48	theme	different	1179:1187	arg1	techniques					1189:1198	different techniques	1179:1198	different techniques	1179:1198	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	7	48	theme	different	1179:1187	arg1	cytometry					1214:1222	flow cytometry	1209:1222	flow cytometry with immunostaining	1209:1242	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	5	49	theme	desorption/ionization	735:755	arg1	spectrometry					777:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	713:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)	713:803	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	49	theme	desorption/ionization	735:755	arg1	MALDI-TOF-MS					791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	3	50	from	defects	316:322	arg1	glycosylation					335:347	protein glycosylation	327:347	protein glycosylation	327:347	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	1	51	theme	diseases	125:132	arg1	diseases					125:132	diseases	125:132	diseases	125:132	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	51	theme	diseases	125:132	arg1	group					116:120	a group	114:120	a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features	114:199	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	1	51	theme	diseases	125:132	arg1	disorders					77:85	Congenital disorders	66:85	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG)	66:108	Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of diseases with highly variable phenotypes and inconsistent clinical features.
26132001	7	52	theme	patients	1122:1129	arg1	majority					1110:1117	a majority	1108:1117	a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation	1108:1167	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	5	53	theme	mass	772:775	arg1	spectrometry					777:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry	713:788	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)	713:803	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	5	53	theme	mass	772:775	arg1	MALDI-TOF-MS					791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	MALDI-TOF-MS	791:802	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
26132001	7	54	from	defects	1269:1275	arg1	glycolipid					1280:1289	glycolipid	1280:1289	glycolipid	1280:1289	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	7	54	from	defects	1269:1275	arg1	biosynthesis					1307:1318	proteoglycan biosynthesis	1294:1318	proteoglycan biosynthesis	1294:1318	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	7	55	used	used	1091:1094	arg2	techniques					1073:1082	These techniques	1067:1082	These techniques	1067:1082	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	4	56	theme	protein	497:503	arg1	abnormalities					519:531	protein glycosylation abnormalities	497:531	protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG	497:538	A group of biochemical markers has been used to characterize protein glycosylation abnormalities in CDG.
26132001	3	57	theme	increasing	362:371	arg1	number					373:378	an increasing number	359:378	an increasing number	359:378	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	3	57	theme	increasing	362:371	arg1	defects					384:390	defects	384:390	defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis	384:433	Most of these are defects in protein glycosylation, although an increasing number are defects of glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis.
26132001	7	58	theme	flow	1209:1212	arg1	cytometry					1214:1222	flow cytometry	1209:1222	flow cytometry with immunostaining	1209:1242	These techniques can be used to identify a majority of patients with defects in protein glycosylation, although different techniques, such as flow cytometry with immunostaining, are necessary to detect defects in glycolipid or proteoglycan biosynthesis which is not included in this unit.
26132001	6	59	gly	sialylated	959:968	arg1	antigens					972:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	sialylated T antigens	959:979	The quantification of particular biomarkers, such as T antigens or sialylated T antigens, could also be achieved by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
26305260	7	0	from	water	1410:1414	arg1	removal					1328:1334	removal	1328:1334	removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water	1328:1414	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	6	1	from	mg/g	1182:1185	arg1	potential					1214:1222	a cell potential	1207:1222	a cell potential of 1.2 V	1207:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	3	2	theme	model	608:612	arg1	unit					618:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	3	3	theme	applied	636:642	arg1	voltage					644:650	fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations	630:682	voltage	644:650	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	4	4	theme	applied	909:915	arg1	potential					917:925	applied potential	909:925	applied potential	909:925	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	6	5	theme	complete	1267:1274	arg1	regeneration					1276:1287	complete regeneration	1267:1287	complete regeneration	1267:1287	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	5	6	theme	photoelectron	934:946	arg1	studies					962:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies	928:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies	928:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	3	7	theme	salt	664:667	arg1	concentrations					669:682	fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations	630:682	concentrations	669:682	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	6	8	theme	electrode	1194:1202	arg1	mg/g					1182:1185	13.1 mg/g	1177:1185	13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V	1177:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	4	9	dep	released	837:844	arg1	min					861:863	40 min	858:863	40 min	858:863	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	9	10	theme	rapid	1835:1839	arg1	desorption					1841:1850	rapid desorption	1835:1850	rapid desorption	1835:1850	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	8	11	theme	negligible	1518:1527	arg1	formation					1537:1545	negligible biofilm formation	1518:1545	negligible biofilm formation	1518:1545	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	5	12	theme	chloride	1005:1012	arg1	ions					1014:1017	sodium and chloride ions	994:1017	sodium and chloride ions	994:1017	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	9	13	theme	extended	1857:1864	arg1	reuse					1866:1870	extended reuse	1857:1870	extended reuse	1857:1870	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	7	14	theme	following	1423:1431	arg1	order					1433:1437	the following order	1419:1437	the following order	1419:1437	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	4	15	theme	adsorbed	817:824	arg1	salts					826:830	the adsorbed salts	813:830	the adsorbed salts	813:830	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	1	16	theme	simple	96:101	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	2	17	theme	chemical	271:278	arg1	composition					280:290	chemical composition	271:290	chemical composition	271:290	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	3	18	dep	applied	636:642	arg1	fixed					630:634	fixed	630:634	fixed	630:634	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	0	19	theme	Brackish	66:73	arg1	Water					75:79	Brackish Water	66:79	Brackish Water	66:79	Cellulose Derived Graphenic Fibers for Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water.
26305260	8	20	from	days	1560:1563	arg1	culture					1611:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	1	21	theme	carbon	164:169	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	1	22	theme	network	177:183	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	8	23	theme	incubation	1568:1577	arg1	days					1560:1563	5 days	1558:1563	5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1558:1617	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	5	24	theme	negative	1043:1050	arg1	electrodes					1065:1074	the negative and positive electrodes	1039:1074	the negative and positive electrodes	1039:1074	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	4	25	from	Electro-adsorption	685:702	arg1	electrode					755:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	5	26	theme	positive	1056:1063	arg1	electrodes					1065:1074	the negative and positive electrodes	1039:1074	the negative and positive electrodes	1039:1074	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	1	27	theme	layer-by-layer	141:154	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	9	28	theme	capacitive	1909:1918	arg1	desalination					1920:1931	capacitive desalination	1909:1931	capacitive desalination of brackish water	1909:1949	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	8	29	theme	Pseudomonas	1582:1592	arg1	culture					1611:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	0	30	theme	Capacitive	39:48	arg1	Desalination					50:61	Capacitive Desalination	39:61	Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water	39:79	Cellulose Derived Graphenic Fibers for Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water.
26305260	9	31	theme	cost-effective	1631:1644	arg1	methodology					1646:1656	Our unique cost-effective methodology	1620:1656	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite	1620:1748	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	8	32	theme	bacterial	1601:1609	arg1	culture					1611:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	2	33	theme	electrical	446:455	arg1	conductivity					457:468	cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity	415:468	conductivity	457:468	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	8	34	from	incubation	1568:1577	arg1	culture					1611:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1582:1617	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	9	35	theme	water	1945:1949	arg1	desalination					1920:1931	capacitive desalination	1909:1931	capacitive desalination of brackish water	1909:1949	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	2	36	theme	Brunauer-Emmett-Teller	490:511	arg1	analysis					513:520	Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis	490:520	Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis	490:520	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	0	37	theme	Graphenic	18:26	arg1	Fibers					28:33	Graphenic Fibers	18:33	Graphenic Fibers for Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water	18:79	Cellulose Derived Graphenic Fibers for Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water.
26305260	9	38	theme	stacking	1676:1683	arg1	methodology					1646:1656	Our unique cost-effective methodology	1620:1656	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite	1620:1748	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	9	39	theme	carbon	1688:1693	arg1	nanofibers					1695:1704	carbon nanofibers	1688:1704	carbon nanofibers	1688:1704	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	6	40	from	potential	1214:1222	arg1	mg/g					1182:1185	13.1 mg/g	1177:1185	13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V	1177:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	6	40	from	potential	1214:1222	arg1	electrode					1194:1202	the electrode	1190:1202	the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V	1190:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	7	41	dep	has	1304:1306	arg1	Cl->NO3->F->SO4					1440:1454	Cl->NO3->F->SO4	1440:1454	Cl->NO3->F->SO4	1440:1454	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	41	dep	has	1304:1306	arg1	2-					1456:1457	2-	1456:1457	2-	1456:1457	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	42	contain	has	1304:1306	arg2	tendency					1315:1322	a high tendency	1308:1322	a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water	1308:1414	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	42	contain	has	1304:1306	arg1	electrode					1294:1302	The electrode	1290:1302	The electrode	1290:1302	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	1	43	theme	brackish	232:239	arg1	water					241:245	brackish water	232:245	brackish water	232:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	9	44	theme	reinforcement	1721:1733	arg1	stacking					1676:1683	layer-by-layer stacking	1661:1683	layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite	1661:1748	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	4	45	theme	NaCl	707:710	arg1	Electro-adsorption					685:702	Electro-adsorption	685:702	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	685:763	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	3	46	theme	desalination	541:552	arg1	performance					554:564	The desalination performance	537:564	The desalination performance	537:564	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	3	47	theme	CDI	614:616	arg1	unit					618:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	2	48	theme	cyclic	415:420	arg1	voltammetry					422:432	cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity	415:468	voltammetry	422:432	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	9	49	theme	uniform	1759:1765	arg1	conductivity					1767:1778	uniform conductivity	1759:1778	uniform conductivity	1759:1778	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	7	50	theme	specific	1339:1346	arg1	anions					1348:1353	specific anions	1339:1353	specific anions	1339:1353	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	50	theme	specific	1339:1346	arg1	chloride					1383:1390	chloride	1383:1390	chloride	1383:1390	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	50	theme	specific	1339:1346	arg1	nitrate					1374:1380	nitrate	1374:1380	nitrate	1374:1380	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	50	theme	specific	1339:1346	arg1	fluoride					1364:1371	fluoride	1364:1371	fluoride	1364:1371	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	7	50	theme	specific	1339:1346	arg1	sulfate					1397:1403	sulfate	1397:1403	sulfate	1397:1403	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	2	51	theme	spectroscopic	317:329	arg1	techniques					347:356	spectroscopic and microscopic techniques	317:356	techniques	347:356	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	5	52	theme	spectroscopic	948:960	arg1	studies					962:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies	928:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies	928:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	5	53	theme	X-ray	928:932	arg1	studies					962:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies	928:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies	928:968	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	3	54	theme	varying	656:662	arg1	concentrations					669:682	fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations	630:682	concentrations	669:682	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	1	55	theme	capacitive	199:208	arg1	CDI					224:226	CDI	224:226	CDI	224:226	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	1	55	theme	capacitive	199:208	arg1	deionization					210:221	capacitive deionization	199:221	capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	199:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	4	56	theme	potential	917:925	arg1	reversal					897:904	reversal	897:904	reversal of applied potential	897:925	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	6	57	theme	excellent	1239:1247	arg1	recyclability					1249:1261	excellent recyclability	1239:1261	excellent recyclability	1239:1261	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	2	58	theme	microscopic	335:345	arg1	techniques					347:356	spectroscopic and microscopic techniques	317:356	techniques	347:356	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	5	59	theme	sodium	994:999	arg1	ions					1014:1017	sodium and chloride ions	994:1017	sodium and chloride ions	994:1017	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies clearly illustrate that sodium and chloride ions were physisorbed on the negative and positive electrodes, respectively during electro-adsorption.
26305260	4	60	theme	reinforced-cellulose	728:747	arg1	electrode					755:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	3	61	theme	batch	602:606	arg1	unit					618:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	9	62	theme	fast	1810:1813	arg1	electro-adsorption					1815:1832	fast electro-adsorption	1810:1832	fast electro-adsorption	1810:1832	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	8	63	theme	biofilm	1529:1535	arg1	formation					1537:1545	negligible biofilm formation	1518:1545	negligible biofilm formation	1518:1545	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	4	64	theme	GrC	750:752	arg1	electrode					755:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	1	65	theme	inexpensive	107:117	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	9	66	theme	concurrent	1710:1719	arg1	reinforcement					1721:1733	concurrent reinforcement	1710:1733	concurrent reinforcement	1710:1733	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	0	67	theme	Water	75:79	arg1	Desalination					50:61	Capacitive Desalination	39:61	Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water	39:79	Cellulose Derived Graphenic Fibers for Capacitive Desalination of Brackish Water.
26305260	1	68	theme	stacked	156:162	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	1	69	theme	cellulose-derived	119:135	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	6	70	theme	GrC	1122:1124	arg1	electrode					1126:1134	This GrC electrode	1117:1134	This GrC electrode	1117:1134	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	7	71	theme	high	1310:1313	arg1	tendency					1315:1322	a high tendency	1308:1322	a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water	1308:1414	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	1	72	theme	fiber	171:175	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	9	73	with	electrode	1795:1803	arg1	electro-adsorption					1815:1832	fast electro-adsorption	1810:1832	fast electro-adsorption	1810:1832	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	9	73	with	electrode	1795:1803	arg1	desorption					1841:1850	rapid desorption	1835:1850	rapid desorption	1835:1850	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	9	73	with	electrode	1795:1803	arg1	reuse					1866:1870	extended reuse	1857:1870	extended reuse	1857:1870	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	9	74	theme	unique	1624:1629	arg1	methodology					1646:1656	Our unique cost-effective methodology	1620:1656	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite	1620:1748	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	6	75	theme	mg/g	1182:1185	arg1	capacity					1165:1172	an electro-adsorption capacity	1143:1172	an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V	1143:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	9	76	theme	brackish	1936:1943	arg1	water					1945:1949	brackish water	1936:1949	brackish water	1936:1949	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	2	77	theme	4-probe	438:444	arg1	conductivity					457:468	cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity	415:468	conductivity	457:468	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	9	78	theme	layer-by-layer	1661:1674	arg1	stacking					1676:1683	layer-by-layer stacking	1661:1683	layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite	1661:1748	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	6	79	theme	cell	1209:1212	arg1	potential					1214:1222	a cell potential	1207:1222	a cell potential of 1.2 V	1207:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	8	80	from	culture	1611:1617	arg1	days					1560:1563	5 days	1558:1563	5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture	1558:1617	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	6	81	theme	electro-adsorption	1146:1163	arg1	capacity					1165:1172	an electro-adsorption capacity	1143:1172	an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V	1143:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	2	82	theme	surface	474:480	arg1	area					482:485	surface area	474:485	surface area	474:485	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	9	83	theme	nanofibers	1695:1704	arg1	stacking					1676:1683	layer-by-layer stacking	1661:1683	layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite	1661:1748	Our unique cost-effective methodology of layer-by-layer stacking of carbon nanofibers and concurrent reinforcement using graphite provides uniform conductivity throughout the electrode with fast electro-adsorption, rapid desorption, and extended reuse, making the electrode affordable for capacitive desalination of brackish water.
26305260	6	84	theme	V	1231:1231	arg1	potential					1214:1222	a cell potential	1207:1222	a cell potential of 1.2 V	1207:1231	This GrC electrode showed an electro-adsorption capacity of 13.1 mg/g of the electrode at a cell potential of 1.2 V, with excellent recyclability and complete regeneration.
26305260	8	85	theme	GrC	1461:1463	arg1	electrodes					1465:1474	GrC electrodes	1461:1474	GrC electrodes	1461:1474	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26305260	3	86	theme	laboratory	591:600	arg1	unit					618:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	a laboratory batch model CDI unit	589:621	The desalination performance was investigated using a laboratory batch model CDI unit, under fixed applied voltage and varying salt concentrations.
26305260	4	87	dep	quickly	785:791	arg1	min					804:806	90 min	801:806	90 min	801:806	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	1	88	link	cellulose-derived	119:135	arg1	electrode					185:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode	94:193	a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	94:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	2	89	theme	electrochemical/electrical	359:384	arg1	performance					386:396	electrochemical/electrical performance	359:396	electrochemical/electrical performance	359:396	The microstructure and chemical composition were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques; electrochemical/electrical performance was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and 4-probe electrical conductivity and surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, respectively.
26305260	1	90	theme	water	241:245	arg1	CDI					224:226	CDI	224:226	CDI	224:226	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	1	90	theme	water	241:245	arg1	deionization					210:221	capacitive deionization	199:221	capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water	199:245	We describe a simple and inexpensive cellulose-derived and layer-by-layer stacked carbon fiber network electrode for capacitive deionization (CDI) of brackish water.
26305260	7	91	theme	anions	1348:1353	arg1	removal					1328:1334	removal	1328:1334	removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water	1328:1414	The electrode has a high tendency for removal of specific anions, such as fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate from water in the following order: Cl->NO3->F->SO4(2-).
26305260	4	92	theme	graphite	719:726	arg1	electrode					755:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode	715:763	Electro-adsorption of NaCl on the graphite reinforced-cellulose (GrC) electrode reached equilibrium quickly (within 90 min) and the adsorbed salts were released swiftly (in 40 min) back into the solution, during reversal of applied potential.
26305260	8	93	dep	Pseudomonas	1582:1592	arg1	putida					1594:1599	putida	1594:1599	putida	1594:1599	GrC electrodes also showed resistance to biofouling with negligible biofilm formation even after 5 days of incubation in Pseudomonas putida bacterial culture.
26233745	4	0	theme	anaerobic	554:562	arg1	experiment					573:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment	525:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant	525:650	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	2	1	from	processes	197:205	arg1	effluents					163:171	effluents	163:171	effluents from various industrial processes	163:205	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	11	2	theme	bacterial	1277:1285	arg1	community					1287:1295	the bacterial community	1273:1295	the bacterial community	1273:1295	In the bacterial community, no clear shift was visible.
26233745	2	3	theme	concepts	285:292	arg1	by-product					247:256	a waste by-product	239:256	a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts	239:292	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	2	4	theme	biomass-based	261:273	arg1	concepts					285:292	biomass-based bioenergy concepts	261:292	biomass-based bioenergy concepts	261:292	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	14	5	with	community	1670:1678	arg1	distribution					1699:1710	a nearly even distribution	1685:1710	a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales	1685:1760	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	4	6	theme	phenol	460:465	arg1	loads					467:471	increased phenol loads	450:471	increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1))	450:494	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	6	theme	phenol	460:465	arg1	L					489:489	100 to 5000 mg L(-1)	474:493	100 to 5000 mg L(-1)	474:493	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	6	theme	phenol	460:465	arg1	source					515:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	7	theme	standard	630:637	arg1	plant					646:650	a standard biogas plant	628:650	a standard biogas plant	628:650	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	7	8	theme	adaption	902:909	arg1	weeks					893:897	16 weeks	890:897	16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations	890:954	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	0	9	from	assays	66:71	arg1	degradation					10:20	Anaerobic degradation	0:20	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.	0:72	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	1	10	theme	environmental	122:134	arg1	hazard					136:141	an environmental hazard	119:141	an environmental hazard	119:141	Phenol is a wastewater contaminant depicting an environmental hazard.
26233745	7	11	theme	increased	924:932	arg1	concentrations					941:954	gradually increased phenol concentrations	914:954	gradually increased phenol concentrations	914:954	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	14	12	dep	changed	1606:1612	arg1	%					1662:1662	57%	1660:1662	57%	1660:1662	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	14	12	dep	changed	1606:1612	arg1	%					1765:1765	34%	1763:1765	34%	1763:1765	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	14	13	theme	even	1694:1697	arg1	distribution					1699:1710	a nearly even distribution	1685:1710	a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales	1685:1760	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	12	14	theme	bacterial	1406:1414	arg1	%					1384:1384	27 %	1381:1384	27 %	1381:1384	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	12	14	theme	bacterial	1406:1414	arg1	class					1416:1420	the most prominent bacterial class	1387:1420	the most prominent bacterial class	1387:1420	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	7	15	dep	treating	861:868	arg1	less					845:848	less	845:848	less	845:848	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	7	16	theme	2000	870:873	arg1	mg					875:876	mg	875:876	mg	875:876	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	10	17	theme	microbial	1130:1138	arg1	composition					1150:1160	The microbial community composition	1126:1160	The microbial community composition	1126:1160	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	5	18	theme	L	728:728	arg1	concentrations					696:709	starting concentrations	687:709	starting concentrations of up to 2000 mg L(-1)	687:732	Phenol was completely degraded at starting concentrations of up to 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	4	19	theme	mg	486:487	arg1	loads					467:471	increased phenol loads	450:471	increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1))	450:494	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	19	theme	mg	486:487	arg1	L					489:489	100 to 5000 mg L(-1)	474:493	100 to 5000 mg L(-1)	474:493	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	0	20	theme	Anaerobic	0:8	arg1	degradation					10:20	Anaerobic degradation	0:20	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.	0:72	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	4	21	dep	L	489:489	arg1	to					478:479	to	478:479	to	478:479	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	8	22	theme	degradation	966:976	arg1	rates					978:982	Specific degradation rates	957:982	Specific degradation rates	957:982	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	1	23	theme	wastewater	86:95	arg1	Phenol					74:79	Phenol	74:79	Phenol	74:79	Phenol is a wastewater contaminant depicting an environmental hazard.
26233745	1	23	theme	wastewater	86:95	arg1	contaminant					97:107	a wastewater contaminant	84:107	a wastewater contaminant depicting an environmental hazard	84:141	Phenol is a wastewater contaminant depicting an environmental hazard.
26233745	12	24	theme	relative	1359:1366	arg1	abundance					1368:1376	the highest relative abundance	1347:1376	the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class	1347:1420	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	13	25	theme	relative	1521:1528	arg1	level					1540:1544	similar relative abundance level	1513:1544	similar relative abundance level throughout the experiment	1513:1570	T-RFs representing Clostridia, Anaerolinaceae, Flavobacteria, and Bacteroidea appeared at similar relative abundance level throughout the experiment.
26233745	0	26	theme	phenol	35:40	arg1	concentrations					42:55	increased phenol concentrations	25:55	increased phenol concentrations in batch assays	25:71	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	6	27	theme	community	790:798	arg1	inhibition					762:771	complete inhibition	753:771	complete inhibition of the anaerobic community	753:798	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	3	28	theme	anaerobic	400:408	arg1	treatment					421:429	anaerobic wastewater treatment	400:429	anaerobic wastewater treatment	400:429	Because of its toxicity to anaerobic microorganisms, it can be recalcitrant during biogas production and anaerobic wastewater treatment.
26233745	10	29	theme	gene-based	1190:1199	arg1	analysis					1260:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	4	30	theme	sole	503:506	arg1	loads					467:471	increased phenol loads	450:471	increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1))	450:494	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	30	theme	sole	503:506	arg1	source					515:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	8	31	dep	L	1050:1050	arg1	up					1008:1009	up	1008:1009	up	1008:1009	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	10	32	theme	16S	1181:1183	arg1	analysis					1260:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	8	33	theme	gVS	1022:1024	arg1	-1					1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	33	theme	gVS	1022:1024	arg1	L					1050:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	14	34	theme	starting	1784:1791	arg1	concentration					1800:1812	starting phenol concentration	1784:1812	starting phenol concentration	1784:1812	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	2	35	theme	industrial	186:195	arg1	processes					197:205	various industrial processes	178:205	various industrial processes	178:205	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	10	36	theme	length	1231:1236	arg1	T-RFLP					1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	10	36	theme	length	1231:1236	arg1	polymorphism					1238:1249	terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism	1201:1249	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	4	37	theme	unadapted	593:601	arg1	community					613:621	an unadapted microbial community	590:621	an unadapted microbial community	590:621	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	10	38	theme	restriction	1210:1220	arg1	T-RFLP					1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	10	38	theme	restriction	1210:1220	arg1	polymorphism					1238:1249	terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism	1201:1249	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	8	39	theme	 day	1030:1033	arg1	-1					1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	39	theme	 day	1030:1033	arg1	L					1050:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	40	from	L	1050:1050	arg1	 day					1030:1033	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	40	from	L	1050:1050	arg1	mg					1019:1020	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	40	from	L	1050:1050	arg1	mg					1047:1048	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	40	from	L	1050:1050	arg1	gVS					1022:1024	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	40	from	L	1050:1050	arg1	at					1039:1040	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	4	41	theme	mesophilic	543:552	arg1	experiment					573:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment	525:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant	525:650	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	7	42	theme	Lag	814:816	arg1	times					818:822	Lag times	814:822	Lag times	814:822	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	4	43	theme	adaption	564:571	arg1	experiment					573:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment	525:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant	525:650	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	2	44	theme	bioenergy	275:283	arg1	concepts					285:292	biomass-based bioenergy concepts	261:292	biomass-based bioenergy concepts	261:292	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	8	45	theme	at	1039:1040	arg1	-1					1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	45	theme	at	1039:1040	arg1	L					1050:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	4	46	theme	biogas	639:644	arg1	plant					646:650	a standard biogas plant	628:650	a standard biogas plant	628:650	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	6	47	theme	mg	743:744	arg1	-1					748:749	-1	748:749	-1	748:749	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	6	47	theme	mg	743:744	arg1	L					746:746	5000 mg L	738:746	5000 mg L(-1)	738:750	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	8	48	theme	mg	1047:1048	arg1	-1					1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	48	theme	mg	1047:1048	arg1	L					1050:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	5	49	theme	starting	687:694	arg1	concentrations					696:709	starting concentrations	687:709	starting concentrations of up to 2000 mg L(-1)	687:732	Phenol was completely degraded at starting concentrations of up to 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	14	50	theme	Methanosarcinales	1744:1760	arg1	distribution					1699:1710	a nearly even distribution	1685:1710	a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales	1685:1760	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	14	51	theme	archaeal	1577:1584	arg1	community					1586:1594	The archaeal community	1573:1594	The archaeal community	1573:1594	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	7	52	theme	phenol	934:939	arg1	concentrations					941:954	gradually increased phenol concentrations	914:954	gradually increased phenol concentrations	914:954	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	3	53	theme	toxicity	310:317	arg1	recalcitrant					358:369	recalcitrant	358:369	recalcitrant	358:369	Because of its toxicity to anaerobic microorganisms, it can be recalcitrant during biogas production and anaerobic wastewater treatment.
26233745	2	54	located	found	154:158	arg1	effluents					163:171	effluents	163:171	effluents from various industrial processes	163:205	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	2	54	located	found	154:158	arg2	It					144:145	It	144:145	It	144:145	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	11	55	from	community	1287:1295	arg1	visible					1317:1323	visible	1317:1323	visible	1317:1323	In the bacterial community, no clear shift was visible.
26233745	14	56	theme	Methanobacteriales	1715:1732	arg1	distribution					1699:1710	a nearly even distribution	1685:1710	a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales	1685:1760	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	12	57	theme	prominent	1396:1404	arg1	%					1384:1384	27 %	1381:1384	27 %	1381:1384	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	12	57	theme	prominent	1396:1404	arg1	class					1416:1420	the most prominent bacterial class	1387:1420	the most prominent bacterial class	1387:1420	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	5	58	dep	2000	720:723	arg1	to					717:718	to	717:718	to	717:718	Phenol was completely degraded at starting concentrations of up to 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	4	59	theme	increased	450:458	arg1	loads					467:471	increased phenol loads	450:471	increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1))	450:494	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	59	theme	increased	450:458	arg1	L					489:489	100 to 5000 mg L(-1)	474:493	100 to 5000 mg L(-1)	474:493	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	59	theme	increased	450:458	arg1	source					515:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	2	60	theme	waste	241:245	arg1	by-product					247:256	a waste by-product	239:256	a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts	239:292	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	6	61	located	observed	804:811	arg1	-1					748:749	-1	748:749	-1	748:749	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	6	61	located	observed	804:811	arg1	L					746:746	5000 mg L	738:746	5000 mg L(-1)	738:750	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	6	61	located	observed	804:811	arg2	inhibition					762:771	complete inhibition	753:771	complete inhibition of the anaerobic community	753:798	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	12	62	theme	%	1384:1384	arg1	abundance					1368:1376	the highest relative abundance	1347:1376	the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class	1347:1420	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	3	63	theme	anaerobic	322:330	arg1	microorganisms					332:345	anaerobic microorganisms	322:345	anaerobic microorganisms	322:345	Because of its toxicity to anaerobic microorganisms, it can be recalcitrant during biogas production and anaerobic wastewater treatment.
26233745	0	64	from	degradation	10:20	arg1	assays					66:71	batch assays	60:71	batch assays	60:71	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	10	65	theme	community	1140:1148	arg1	composition					1150:1160	The microbial community composition	1126:1160	The microbial community composition	1126:1160	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	5	66	theme	mg	725:726	arg1	L					728:728	up to 2000 mg L(-1)	714:732	up to 2000 mg L(-1)	714:732	Phenol was completely degraded at starting concentrations of up to 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	67	theme	Specific	957:964	arg1	rates					978:982	Specific degradation rates	957:982	Specific degradation rates	957:982	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	7	68	theme	mg	875:876	arg1	-1					880:881	-1	880:881	-1	880:881	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	7	68	theme	mg	875:876	arg1	L					878:878	2000 mg L	870:878	2000 mg L(-1)	870:882	Lag times were reduced down to less than a day treating 2000 mg L(-1) after 16 weeks of adaption to gradually increased phenol concentrations.
26233745	0	69	from	concentrations	42:55	arg1	assays					66:71	batch assays	60:71	batch assays	60:71	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	0	70	theme	increased	25:33	arg1	concentrations					42:55	increased phenol concentrations	25:55	increased phenol concentrations in batch assays	25:71	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	3	71	theme	biogas	378:383	arg1	production					385:394	biogas production	378:394	biogas production	378:394	Because of its toxicity to anaerobic microorganisms, it can be recalcitrant during biogas production and anaerobic wastewater treatment.
26233745	4	72	theme	semi-continuous	527:541	arg1	experiment					573:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment	525:582	a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant	525:650	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	13	73	theme	similar	1513:1519	arg1	level					1540:1544	similar relative abundance level	1513:1544	similar relative abundance level throughout the experiment	1513:1570	T-RFs representing Clostridia, Anaerolinaceae, Flavobacteria, and Bacteroidea appeared at similar relative abundance level throughout the experiment.
26233745	2	74	theme	various	178:184	arg1	processes					197:205	various industrial processes	178:205	various industrial processes	178:205	It can be found in effluents from various industrial processes and becomes even more common as a waste by-product of biomass-based bioenergy concepts.
26233745	0	75	theme	concentrations	42:55	arg1	degradation					10:20	Anaerobic degradation	0:20	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.	0:72	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	11	76	theme	clear	1301:1305	arg1	shift					1307:1311	no clear shift	1298:1311	no clear shift	1298:1311	In the bacterial community, no clear shift was visible.
26233745	12	77	theme	highest	1351:1357	arg1	abundance					1368:1376	the highest relative abundance	1347:1376	the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class	1347:1420	Clostridia were with the highest relative abundance of 27 %, the most prominent bacterial class.
26233745	13	78	theme	abundance	1530:1538	arg1	level					1540:1544	similar relative abundance level	1513:1544	similar relative abundance level throughout the experiment	1513:1570	T-RFs representing Clostridia, Anaerolinaceae, Flavobacteria, and Bacteroidea appeared at similar relative abundance level throughout the experiment.
26233745	10	79	theme	terminal	1201:1208	arg1	T-RFLP					1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	10	79	theme	terminal	1201:1208	arg1	polymorphism					1238:1249	terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism	1201:1249	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	0	80	theme	batch	60:64	arg1	assays					66:71	batch assays	60:71	batch assays	60:71	Anaerobic degradation of increased phenol concentrations in batch assays.
26233745	8	81	theme	mg	1019:1020	arg1	-1					1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	-1	1052:1053	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	8	81	theme	mg	1019:1020	arg1	L					1050:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L	1014:1050	7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1)	1014:1054	Specific degradation rates increased consecutively up to 7.02 mg gVS (-1) day(-1) at 2000 mg L(-1).
26233745	6	82	theme	anaerobic	780:788	arg1	community					790:798	the anaerobic community	776:798	the anaerobic community	776:798	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	11	83	from	visible	1317:1323	arg1	community					1287:1295	the bacterial community	1273:1295	the bacterial community	1273:1295	In the bacterial community, no clear shift was visible.
26233745	3	84	theme	wastewater	410:419	arg1	treatment					421:429	anaerobic wastewater treatment	400:429	anaerobic wastewater treatment	400:429	Because of its toxicity to anaerobic microorganisms, it can be recalcitrant during biogas production and anaerobic wastewater treatment.
26233745	4	85	theme	carbon	508:513	arg1	loads					467:471	increased phenol loads	450:471	increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1))	450:494	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	4	85	theme	carbon	508:513	arg1	source					515:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	the sole carbon source	499:520	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	10	86	theme	rRNA	1185:1188	arg1	analysis					1260:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	14	87	theme	phenol	1793:1798	arg1	concentration					1800:1812	starting phenol concentration	1784:1812	starting phenol concentration	1784:1812	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	10	88	theme	polymorphism	1238:1249	arg1	analysis					1260:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	14	89	theme	Methanosarcinales-dominated	1621:1647	arg1	community					1649:1657	a Methanosarcinales-dominated community	1619:1657	a Methanosarcinales-dominated community	1619:1657	The archaeal community, however, changed from a Methanosarcinales-dominated community (57%) to a community with a nearly even distribution of Methanobacteriales (21%) and Methanosarcinales (34%) with increasing starting phenol concentration.
26233745	6	90	theme	complete	753:760	arg1	inhibition					762:771	complete inhibition	753:771	complete inhibition of the anaerobic community	753:798	At 5000 mg L(-1), complete inhibition of the anaerobic community was observed.
26233745	4	91	theme	microbial	603:611	arg1	community					613:621	an unadapted microbial community	590:621	an unadapted microbial community	590:621	This study tested increased phenol loads (100 to 5000 mg L(-1)) as the sole carbon source in a semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic adaption experiment using an unadapted microbial community from a standard biogas plant.
26233745	10	92	theme	fragment	1222:1229	arg1	T-RFLP					1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	T-RFLP	1252:1257	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
26233745	10	92	theme	fragment	1222:1229	arg1	polymorphism					1238:1249	terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism	1201:1249	16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis	1181:1267	The microbial community composition was assessed using 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis.
24790018	10	0	from	age	1673:1675	arg1	manner					1706:1711	a spinal region-dependent manner	1680:1711	a spinal region-dependent manner	1680:1711	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	2	1	theme	intervertebral	545:558	arg1	discs					560:564	intervertebral discs	545:564	intervertebral discs	545:564	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	0	2	from	signaling	134:142	arg1	mice					161:164	young and old mice	147:164	young and old mice	147:164	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	3	3	from	mechanics	626:634	arg1	regions					714:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions	693:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	693:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	1	4	theme	spinal	377:382	arg1	region					384:389	each spinal region	372:389	each spinal region	372:389	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	6	5	theme	greater	1149:1155	arg1	glycosaminoglycan					1157:1173	greater glycosaminoglycan	1149:1173	greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%	1149:1196	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	6	6	theme	old	1062:1064	arg1	mice					1066:1069	old mice	1062:1069	old mice	1062:1069	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	8	7	theme	spinal	1457:1462	arg1	regions					1464:1470	both spinal regions	1452:1470	both spinal regions	1452:1470	Despite the disc-specific changes, aging decreased Wnt signaling in the nucleus pulposus from both spinal regions by ≥64%.
24790018	6	8	theme	young	1136:1140	arg1	discs					1142:1146	young discs	1136:1146	young discs	1136:1146	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	1	9	theme	spines	213:218	arg1	lumbar					174:179	lumbar	174:179	lumbar	174:179	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	1	10	used	used	233:236	arg2	lumbar					174:179	lumbar	174:179	lumbar	174:179	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	1	10	used	used	233:236	arg2	regions					202:208	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions	167:208	regions	202:208	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	3	11	theme	intervertebral	667:680	arg1	discs					682:686	intervertebral discs	667:686	intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	667:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	7	12	theme	lumbar	1287:1292	arg1	discs					1308:1312	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1287:1312	lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4-	1287:1318	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	4	13	theme	Center	785:790	arg1	height					812:817	Center intervertebral disc height	785:817	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions	785:835	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions was greater in old discs than young discs.
24790018	10	14	theme	Wnt	1779:1781	arg1	signaling					1783:1791	Wnt signaling	1779:1791	Wnt signaling	1779:1791	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	4	15	theme	old	852:854	arg1	discs					856:860	old discs	852:860	old discs	852:860	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions was greater in old discs than young discs.
24790018	5	16	theme	stiffness	970:978	arg1	measure					959:965	a measure	957:965	a measure of stiffness	957:978	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	9	17	theme	bone	1513:1516	arg1	volume					1532:1537	trabecular bone volume/tissue volume	1502:1537	trabecular bone volume/tissue volume	1502:1537	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	2	18	from	impact	424:429	arg1	signaling					484:492	Wnt/β-catenin signaling	470:492	Wnt/β-catenin signaling	470:492	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	6	19	theme	lumbar	1106:1111	arg1	discs					1127:1131	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1106:1131	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1106:1131	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	0	20	theme	mechanical	103:112	arg1	properties					114:123	mechanical properties	103:123	mechanical properties	103:123	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	1	21	theme	intervertebral	334:347	arg1	discs					349:353	aging intervertebral discs	328:353	aging intervertebral discs	328:353	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	3	22	theme	young	730:734	arg1	mice					779:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	6	23	theme	lumbar	1178:1183	arg1	discs					1185:1189	lumbar discs	1178:1189	lumbar discs	1178:1189	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	6	24	theme	discs	1142:1146	arg1	content					1095:1101	the collagen content	1082:1101	the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs	1082:1146	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	9	25	theme	ultimate	1543:1550	arg1	force					1552:1556	ultimate force	1543:1556	ultimate force	1543:1556	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	0	26	from	height	82:87	arg1	mice					161:164	young and old mice	147:164	young and old mice	147:164	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	3	27	theme	old	749:751	arg1	mice					779:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	0	28	theme	Wnt	130:132	arg1	signaling					134:142	Wnt signaling	130:142	Wnt signaling	130:142	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	4	29	from	regions	829:835	arg1	height					812:817	Center intervertebral disc height	785:817	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions	785:835	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions was greater in old discs than young discs.
24790018	7	30	theme	Wnt	1271:1273	arg1	activity					1275:1282	Wnt activity	1271:1282	Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4-	1271:1318	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	3	31	theme	C57BL/6	771:777	arg1	mice					779:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	2	32	theme	lumbar	440:445	arg1	discs					461:465	aging lumbar and coccygeal discs	434:465	aging lumbar and coccygeal discs	434:465	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	6	33	from	discs	1239:1243	arg1	double					1075:1080	double	1075:1080	double	1075:1080	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	0	34	theme	lumbar	56:61	arg1	height					82:87	lumbar and coccygeal disc height	56:87	lumbar and coccygeal disc height	56:87	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	1	35	theme	diseases	286:293	arg1	signaling					256:264	cellular signaling	247:264	cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases	247:293	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	9	36	theme	lumbar	1575:1580	arg1	vertebrae					1582:1590	old lumbar vertebrae	1571:1590	old lumbar vertebrae	1571:1590	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	6	37	from	double	1075:1080	arg1	discs					1239:1243	coccygeal discs	1229:1243	coccygeal discs	1229:1243	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	11	38	from	aging	1874:1878	arg1	interchangeable					1840:1854	interchangeable	1840:1854	interchangeable	1840:1854	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	0	39	theme	coccygeal	67:75	arg1	height					82:87	lumbar and coccygeal disc height	56:87	lumbar and coccygeal disc height	56:87	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	3	40	dep	young	730:734	arg1	mo					741:742	4-5 mo	737:742	4-5 mo	737:742	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	5	41	theme	young	894:898	arg1	discs					912:916	young, old lumbar discs	894:916	young, old lumbar discs	894:916	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	2	42	theme	coccygeal	451:459	arg1	discs					461:465	aging lumbar and coccygeal discs	434:465	aging lumbar and coccygeal discs	434:465	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	1	43	theme	tissue-level	304:315	arg1	changes					317:323	the tissue-level changes	300:323	the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs	300:353	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	3	44	from	regions	714:720	arg1	composition					652:662	biochemical composition	640:662	biochemical composition	640:662	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	3	44	from	regions	714:720	arg1	morphology					611:620	disc/vertebrae morphology	596:620	disc/vertebrae morphology	596:620	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	3	44	from	regions	714:720	arg1	discs					682:686	intervertebral discs	667:686	intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	667:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	3	44	from	regions	714:720	arg1	mechanics					626:634	mechanics	626:634	mechanics	626:634	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	7	45	theme	coccygeal	1298:1306	arg1	discs					1308:1312	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1287:1312	lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4-	1287:1318	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	9	46	theme	old	1608:1610	arg1	vertebrae					1622:1630	old coccygeal vertebrae	1608:1630	old coccygeal vertebrae	1608:1630	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	6	47	theme	coccygeal	1229:1237	arg1	discs					1239:1243	coccygeal discs	1229:1243	coccygeal discs	1229:1243	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	8	48	theme	disc-specific	1370:1382	arg1	changes					1384:1390	the disc-specific changes	1366:1390	the disc-specific changes	1366:1390	Despite the disc-specific changes, aging decreased Wnt signaling in the nucleus pulposus from both spinal regions by ≥64%.
24790018	7	49	theme	14-mo	1339:1343	arg1	mice					1352:1355	14-mo TOPGAL mice	1339:1355	14-mo TOPGAL mice	1339:1355	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	5	50	theme	early	930:934	arg1	coefficient					944:954	a lower early viscous coefficient	922:954	a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness)	922:979	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	10	51	theme	age-related	1737:1747	arg1	changes					1749:1755	these differential age-related changes	1718:1755	these differential age-related changes	1718:1755	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	0	52	theme	aging	37:41	arg1	spine					49:53	the aging human spine	33:53	the aging human spine	33:53	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	5	53	theme	old	1006:1008	arg1	discs					1020:1024	old coccygeal discs	1006:1024	old coccygeal discs	1006:1024	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	10	54	theme	spinal	1682:1687	arg1	manner					1706:1711	a spinal region-dependent manner	1680:1711	a spinal region-dependent manner	1680:1711	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	11	55	from	interchangeable	1840:1854	arg1	aging					1874:1878	modeling human aging	1859:1878	modeling human aging	1859:1878	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	7	56	theme	4-	1317:1318	arg1	discs					1308:1312	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1287:1312	lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4-	1287:1318	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	6	57	from	glycosaminoglycan	1157:1173	arg1	discs					1185:1189	lumbar discs	1178:1189	lumbar discs	1178:1189	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	0	58	theme	young	147:151	arg1	mice					161:164	young and old mice	147:164	young and old mice	147:164	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	10	59	theme	differential	1724:1735	arg1	changes					1749:1755	these differential age-related changes	1718:1755	these differential age-related changes	1718:1755	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	5	60	theme	coccygeal	1010:1018	arg1	discs					1020:1024	old coccygeal discs	1006:1024	old coccygeal discs	1006:1024	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	7	61	theme	discs	1308:1312	arg1	activity					1275:1282	Wnt activity	1271:1282	Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4-	1271:1318	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	4	62	theme	intervertebral	792:805	arg1	height					812:817	Center intervertebral disc height	785:817	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions	785:835	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions was greater in old discs than young discs.
24790018	3	63	theme	biochemical	640:650	arg1	composition					652:662	biochemical composition	640:662	biochemical composition	640:662	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	0	64	theme	old	157:159	arg1	mice					161:164	young and old mice	147:164	young and old mice	147:164	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	1	65	theme	region	384:389	arg1	vertebrae					359:367	vertebrae	359:367	vertebrae of each spinal region	359:389	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	1	65	theme	region	384:389	arg1	changes					317:323	the tissue-level changes	300:323	the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs	300:353	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	11	66	theme	coccygeal	1814:1822	arg1	regions					1824:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions	1794:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions	1794:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	3	67	theme	lumbar	693:698	arg1	regions					714:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions	693:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	693:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	11	68	theme	lumbar	1803:1808	arg1	regions					1824:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions	1794:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions	1794:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	5	69	dep	coefficient	944:954	arg1	measure					959:965	a measure	957:965	a measure of stiffness	957:978	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	3	70	theme	discs	682:686	arg1	composition					652:662	biochemical composition	640:662	biochemical composition	640:662	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	3	70	theme	discs	682:686	arg1	morphology					611:620	disc/vertebrae morphology	596:620	disc/vertebrae morphology	596:620	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	3	70	theme	discs	682:686	arg1	mechanics					626:634	mechanics	626:634	mechanics	626:634	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	6	71	theme	coccygeal	1117:1125	arg1	discs					1127:1131	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1106:1131	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1106:1131	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	2	72	theme	discs	560:564	arg1	catabolism					531:540	the catabolism	527:540	the catabolism of intervertebral discs	527:564	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	9	73	theme	trabecular	1502:1511	arg1	volume					1532:1537	trabecular bone volume/tissue volume	1502:1537	trabecular bone volume/tissue volume	1502:1537	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	11	74	theme	human	1868:1872	arg1	aging					1874:1878	modeling human aging	1859:1878	modeling human aging	1859:1878	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	3	75	theme	coccygeal	704:712	arg1	regions					714:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions	693:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	693:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	1	76	theme	aging	328:332	arg1	discs					349:353	aging intervertebral discs	328:353	aging intervertebral discs	328:353	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	2	77	theme	Wnt/β-catenin	470:482	arg1	signaling					484:492	Wnt/β-catenin signaling	470:492	Wnt/β-catenin signaling	470:492	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	3	78	from	composition	652:662	arg1	regions					714:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions	693:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	693:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	11	79	theme	Overall	1794:1800	arg1	regions					1824:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions	1794:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions	1794:1830	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	1	80	theme	discs	349:353	arg1	vertebrae					359:367	vertebrae	359:367	vertebrae of each spinal region	359:389	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	1	80	theme	discs	349:353	arg1	changes					317:323	the tissue-level changes	300:323	the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs	300:353	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	6	81	theme	collagen	1086:1093	arg1	content					1095:1101	the collagen content	1082:1101	the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs	1082:1146	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	6	82	from	content	1095:1101	arg1	discs					1127:1131	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1106:1131	lumbar and coccygeal discs	1106:1131	Biochemically, old mice had double the collagen content in lumbar and coccygeal discs of young discs, greater glycosaminoglycan in lumbar discs by 37%, but less glycosaminoglycan in coccygeal discs by 32%.
24790018	10	83	theme	intervertebral	1638:1651	arg1	discs					1653:1657	Thus intervertebral discs	1633:1657	Thus intervertebral discs	1633:1657	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	5	84	dep	young	894:898	arg1	old					901:903	old	901:903	old	901:903	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	1	85	theme	age-related	269:279	arg1	diseases					286:293	age-related disc diseases	269:293	age-related disc diseases	269:293	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	2	86	theme	aging	434:438	arg1	discs					461:465	aging lumbar and coccygeal discs	434:465	aging lumbar and coccygeal discs	434:465	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	4	87	theme	young	867:871	arg1	discs					873:877	young discs	867:877	young discs	867:877	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions was greater in old discs than young discs.
24790018	1	88	theme	disc	281:284	arg1	diseases					286:293	age-related disc diseases	269:293	age-related disc diseases	269:293	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	9	89	theme	old	1571:1573	arg1	vertebrae					1582:1590	old lumbar vertebrae	1571:1590	old lumbar vertebrae	1571:1590	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	3	90	theme	female	764:769	arg1	mice					779:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	730:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	0	91	theme	disc	77:80	arg1	height					82:87	lumbar and coccygeal disc height	56:87	lumbar and coccygeal disc height	56:87	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	2	92	theme	discs	461:465	arg1	impact					424:429	the impact	420:429	the impact	420:429	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	2	92	theme	discs	461:465	arg1	unclear					575:581	unclear	575:581	unclear	575:581	Furthermore, the impact of aging lumbar and coccygeal discs on Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is putatively involved in the catabolism of intervertebral discs, is also unclear.
24790018	4	93	theme	disc	807:810	arg1	height					812:817	Center intervertebral disc height	785:817	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions	785:835	Center intervertebral disc height from both regions was greater in old discs than young discs.
24790018	0	94	theme	aging	4:8	arg1	mouse					10:14	The aging mouse	0:14	The aging mouse	0:14	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	11	95	theme	modeling	1859:1866	arg1	aging					1874:1878	modeling human aging	1859:1878	modeling human aging	1859:1878	Overall, lumbar and coccygeal regions are not interchangeable in modeling human aging.
24790018	9	96	theme	volume/tissue	1518:1530	arg1	volume					1532:1537	trabecular bone volume/tissue volume	1502:1537	trabecular bone volume/tissue volume	1502:1537	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	9	97	theme	coccygeal	1612:1620	arg1	vertebrae					1622:1630	old coccygeal vertebrae	1608:1630	old coccygeal vertebrae	1608:1630	Compared with young, trabecular bone volume/tissue volume and ultimate force were less in old lumbar vertebrae, but greater in old coccygeal vertebrae.
24790018	5	98	theme	lower	924:928	arg1	coefficient					944:954	a lower early viscous coefficient	922:954	a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness)	922:979	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	0	99	theme	human	43:47	arg1	spine					49:53	the aging human spine	33:53	the aging human spine	33:53	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	1	100	theme	cellular	247:254	arg1	signaling					256:264	cellular signaling	247:264	cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases	247:293	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	7	101	theme	TOPGAL	1345:1350	arg1	mice					1352:1355	14-mo TOPGAL mice	1339:1355	14-mo TOPGAL mice	1339:1355	Next, we compared Wnt activity of lumbar and coccygeal discs of 4- to 5-mo and 12- to 14-mo TOPGAL mice.
24790018	5	102	theme	viscous	936:942	arg1	coefficient					944:954	a lower early viscous coefficient	922:954	a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness)	922:979	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	8	103	from	signaling	1413:1421	arg1	pulposus					1438:1445	the nucleus pulposus	1426:1445	the nucleus pulposus	1426:1445	Despite the disc-specific changes, aging decreased Wnt signaling in the nucleus pulposus from both spinal regions by ≥64%.
24790018	8	104	theme	Wnt	1409:1411	arg1	signaling					1413:1421	Wnt signaling	1409:1421	Wnt signaling in the nucleus pulposus	1409:1445	Despite the disc-specific changes, aging decreased Wnt signaling in the nucleus pulposus from both spinal regions by ≥64%.
24790018	10	105	theme	region-dependent	1689:1704	arg1	manner					1706:1711	a spinal region-dependent manner	1680:1711	a spinal region-dependent manner	1680:1711	Thus intervertebral discs and vertebrae age in a spinal region-dependent manner, but these differential age-related changes may be uncoupled from Wnt signaling.
24790018	3	106	dep	old	749:751	arg1	mo					760:761	20-22 mo	754:761	20-22 mo	754:761	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	5	107	theme	lumbar	905:910	arg1	discs					912:916	young, old lumbar discs	894:916	young, old lumbar discs	894:916	Compared with young, old lumbar discs had a lower early viscous coefficient (a measure of stiffness) by 40%, while conversely old coccygeal discs were stiffer by 53%.
24790018	0	108	from	properties	114:123	arg1	mice					161:164	young and old mice	147:164	young and old mice	147:164	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	3	109	theme	disc/vertebrae	596:609	arg1	morphology					611:620	disc/vertebrae morphology	596:620	disc/vertebrae morphology	596:620	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	1	110	theme	coccygeal	185:193	arg1	regions					202:208	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions	167:208	regions	202:208	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
24790018	8	111	theme	nucleus	1430:1436	arg1	pulposus					1438:1445	the nucleus pulposus	1426:1445	the nucleus pulposus	1426:1445	Despite the disc-specific changes, aging decreased Wnt signaling in the nucleus pulposus from both spinal regions by ≥64%.
24790018	3	112	from	morphology	611:620	arg1	regions					714:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions	693:720	lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice	693:782	We compared disc/vertebrae morphology and mechanics and biochemical composition of intervertebral discs from lumbar and coccygeal regions between young (4-5 mo) and old (20-22 mo) female C57BL/6 mice.
24790018	0	113	from	composition	90:100	arg1	mice					161:164	young and old mice	147:164	young and old mice	147:164	The aging mouse partially models the aging human spine: lumbar and coccygeal disc height, composition, mechanical properties, and Wnt signaling in young and old mice.
24790018	1	114	theme	tail	196:199	arg1	regions					202:208	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions	167:208	regions	202:208	Murine lumbar and coccygeal (tail) regions of spines are commonly used to study cellular signaling of age-related disc diseases, but the tissue-level changes of aging intervertebral discs and vertebrae of each spinal region remain unclear.
28818729	3	0	theme	scanning	568:575	arg1	DSC					599:601	DSC	599:601	DSC	599:601	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	0	theme	scanning	568:575	arg1	analysis					589:596	differential scanning calorimetry analysis	555:596	differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC)	555:602	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	7	1	theme	heat	1196:1199	arg1	stability					1201:1209	improved heat stability	1187:1209	improved heat stability	1187:1209	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	9	2	theme	antimicrobial	1493:1505	arg1	films					1514:1518	antimicrobial edible films	1493:1518	antimicrobial edible films	1493:1518	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	3	3	theme	films	776:780	arg1	properties					744:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties	683:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	683:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	2	4	theme	citrus	434:439	arg1	pectin					441:446	the citrus pectin	430:446	the citrus pectin	430:446	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	1	5	dep	novel	260:264	arg1	environmentally-friendly					267:290	environmentally-friendly	267:290	environmentally-friendly	267:290	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	2	6	theme	different	358:366	arg1	levels					368:373	different levels	358:373	different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%)	358:423	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	2	7	theme	functional	471:480	arg1	properties					482:491	the functional properties	467:491	the functional properties of the films	467:504	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	4	8	theme	water	831:835	arg1	properties					845:854	the water barrier properties	827:854	the water barrier properties of the films	827:867	The inclusion of oil significantly enhanced the water barrier properties of the films.
28818729	5	9	theme	opaque	900:905	arg1	films					907:911	more opaque films	895:911	more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure	895:956	Addition of oil leads to more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure, resulting in an increase in film opacity.
28818729	6	10	theme	control	1080:1086	arg1	films					1088:1092	the control films	1076:1092	the control films	1076:1092	The composite films were more resistant to breakage and more flexible than the control films.
28818729	3	11	theme	pectin	758:763	arg1	films					776:780	pectin emulsified films	758:780	pectin emulsified films	758:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	5	12	theme	oil	882:884	arg1	Addition					870:877	Addition	870:877	Addition of oil	870:884	Addition of oil leads to more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure, resulting in an increase in film opacity.
28818729	9	13	theme	food	1544:1547	arg1	applications					1549:1560	various food applications	1536:1560	various food applications	1536:1560	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	9	14	theme	edible	1507:1512	arg1	films					1514:1518	antimicrobial edible films	1493:1518	antimicrobial edible films	1493:1518	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	3	15	theme	emulsified	765:774	arg1	films					776:780	pectin emulsified films	758:780	pectin emulsified films	758:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	9	16	theme	clove	1416:1420	arg1	oil					1422:1424	clove oil	1416:1424	clove oil	1416:1424	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	1	17	theme	increasing	155:164	arg1	demand					166:171	The increasing demand	151:171	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging	151:224	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	8	18	theme	films	1318:1322	arg1	effect					1301:1306	The inhibitory effect	1286:1306	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO	1286:1331	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO was also evaluated on three common foodborne bacteria.
28818729	8	19	with	effect	1301:1306	arg1	CEO					1329:1331	CEO	1329:1331	CEO	1329:1331	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO was also evaluated on three common foodborne bacteria.
28818729	2	20	theme	oil	398:400	arg1	levels					368:373	different levels	358:373	different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%)	358:423	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	3	21	theme	physical	683:690	arg1	properties					744:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties	683:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	683:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	4	22	theme	oil	800:802	arg1	inclusion					787:795	The inclusion	783:795	The inclusion of oil	783:802	The inclusion of oil significantly enhanced the water barrier properties of the films.
28818729	3	23	theme	infrared	525:532	arg1	FTIR					548:551	FTIR	548:551	FTIR	548:551	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	23	theme	infrared	525:532	arg1	spectroscopy					534:545	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	507:545	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	507:552	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	4	24	theme	barrier	837:843	arg1	properties					845:854	the water barrier properties	827:854	the water barrier properties of the films	827:867	The inclusion of oil significantly enhanced the water barrier properties of the films.
28818729	2	25	theme	essential	388:396	arg1	oil					398:400	clove bud essential oil	378:400	clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%)	378:423	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	1	26	theme	novel	260:264	arg1	films					299:303	novel, environmentally-friendly edible films	260:303	novel, environmentally-friendly edible films	260:303	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	9	27	contain	has	1426:1428	arg2	potential					1437:1445	a good potential	1430:1445	a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications	1430:1560	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	9	27	contain	has	1426:1428	arg1	oil					1422:1424	clove oil	1416:1424	clove oil	1416:1424	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	2	28	theme	Antimicrobial	306:318	arg1	films					320:324	Antimicrobial films	306:324	Antimicrobial films	306:324	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	5	29	from	increase	975:982	arg1	opacity					992:998	film opacity	987:998	film opacity	987:998	Addition of oil leads to more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure, resulting in an increase in film opacity.
28818729	2	30	theme	bud	384:386	arg1	oil					398:400	clove bud essential oil	378:400	clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%)	378:423	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	0	31	theme	pectin	27:32	arg1	films					34:38	citrus pectin films	20:38	citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil	20:78	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	3	32	theme	optical	693:699	arg1	properties					744:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties	683:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	683:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	2	33	theme	films	500:504	arg1	properties					482:491	the functional properties	467:491	the functional properties of the films	467:504	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	8	34	theme	inhibitory	1290:1299	arg1	effect					1301:1306	The inhibitory effect	1286:1306	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO	1286:1331	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO was also evaluated on three common foodborne bacteria.
28818729	7	35	theme	control	1271:1277	arg1	films					1279:1283	control films	1271:1283	control films	1271:1283	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	0	36	theme	citrus	20:25	arg1	films					34:38	citrus pectin films	20:38	citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil	20:78	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	4	37	theme	films	863:867	arg1	properties					845:854	the water barrier properties	827:854	the water barrier properties of the films	827:867	The inclusion of oil significantly enhanced the water barrier properties of the films.
28818729	3	38	theme	Fourier-transform	507:523	arg1	FTIR					548:551	FTIR	548:551	FTIR	548:551	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	38	theme	Fourier-transform	507:523	arg1	spectroscopy					534:545	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	507:545	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	507:552	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	9	39	theme	citrus	1471:1476	arg1	pectin					1478:1483	citrus pectin	1471:1483	citrus pectin	1471:1483	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	1	40	theme	edible	292:297	arg1	films					299:303	novel, environmentally-friendly edible films	260:303	novel, environmentally-friendly edible films	260:303	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	1	41	theme	bio-based	177:185	arg1	materials					187:195	bio-based materials	177:195	bio-based materials	177:195	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	9	42	theme	good	1432:1435	arg1	potential					1437:1445	a good potential	1430:1445	a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications	1430:1560	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	0	43	theme	films	34:38	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.	0:149	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	1	44	theme	films	299:303	arg1	development					245:255	the development	241:255	the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films	241:303	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	7	45	theme	Differential	1095:1106	arg1	calorimetry					1117:1127	Differential scanning calorimetry	1095:1127	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	1095:1133	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	7	45	theme	Differential	1095:1106	arg1	DSC					1130:1132	DSC	1130:1132	DSC	1130:1132	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	7	46	theme	scanning	1108:1115	arg1	calorimetry					1117:1127	Differential scanning calorimetry	1095:1127	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	1095:1133	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	7	46	theme	scanning	1108:1115	arg1	DSC					1130:1132	DSC	1130:1132	DSC	1130:1132	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	3	47	theme	mechanical	702:711	arg1	properties					744:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties	683:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	683:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	0	48	theme	clove	56:60	arg1	oil					76:78	clove bud essential oil	56:78	clove bud essential oil	56:78	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	3	49	theme	antioxidant	714:724	arg1	properties					744:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties	683:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	683:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	8	50	theme	pectin	1311:1316	arg1	films					1318:1322	pectin films	1311:1322	pectin films	1311:1322	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO was also evaluated on three common foodborne bacteria.
28818729	7	51	theme	improved	1187:1194	arg1	stability					1201:1209	improved heat stability	1187:1209	improved heat stability	1187:1209	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	8	52	theme	foodborne	1368:1376	arg1	bacteria					1378:1385	three common foodborne bacteria	1355:1385	three common foodborne bacteria	1355:1385	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO was also evaluated on three common foodborne bacteria.
28818729	5	53	with	films	907:911	arg1	microstructure					943:956	relatively heterogeneous microstructure	918:956	relatively heterogeneous microstructure	918:956	Addition of oil leads to more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure, resulting in an increase in film opacity.
28818729	0	54	theme	antibacterial	125:137	arg1	properties					139:148	antibacterial properties	125:148	antibacterial properties	125:148	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	5	55	theme	film	987:990	arg1	opacity					992:998	film opacity	987:998	film opacity	987:998	Addition of oil leads to more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure, resulting in an increase in film opacity.
28818729	8	56	theme	common	1361:1366	arg1	bacteria					1378:1385	three common foodborne bacteria	1355:1385	three common foodborne bacteria	1355:1385	The inhibitory effect of pectin films with CEO was also evaluated on three common foodborne bacteria.
28818729	2	57	dep	oil	398:400	arg1	%					406:406	0.5%	403:406	0.5%	403:406	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	2	57	dep	oil	398:400	arg1	%					412:412	1.0%	409:412	1.0%	409:412	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	2	57	dep	oil	398:400	arg1	%					422:422	1.5%	419:422	1.5%	419:422	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	5	58	theme	heterogeneous	929:941	arg1	microstructure					943:956	relatively heterogeneous microstructure	918:956	relatively heterogeneous microstructure	918:956	Addition of oil leads to more opaque films with relatively heterogeneous microstructure, resulting in an increase in film opacity.
28818729	3	59	theme	calorimetry	577:587	arg1	DSC					599:601	DSC	599:601	DSC	599:601	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	59	theme	calorimetry	577:587	arg1	analysis					589:596	differential scanning calorimetry analysis	555:596	differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC)	555:602	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	7	60	theme	higher	1225:1230	arg1	temperature					1244:1254	slightly higher degradation temperature	1216:1254	slightly higher degradation temperature	1216:1254	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	9	61	theme	various	1536:1542	arg1	applications					1549:1560	various food applications	1536:1560	various food applications	1536:1560	These results revealed that clove oil has a good potential to be incorporated into citrus pectin to make antimicrobial edible films or coatings for various food applications.
28818729	3	62	theme	properties	744:753	arg1	determination					666:678	the determination	662:678	the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	662:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	63	theme	X-ray	608:612	arg1	diffraction					614:624	X-ray diffraction	608:624	X-ray diffraction (XRD)	608:630	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	63	theme	X-ray	608:612	arg1	XRD					627:629	XRD	627:629	XRD	627:629	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	6	64	theme	composite	1005:1013	arg1	films					1015:1019	The composite films	1001:1019	The composite films	1001:1019	The composite films were more resistant to breakage and more flexible than the control films.
28818729	6	64	theme	composite	1005:1013	arg1	resistant					1031:1039	resistant	1031:1039	resistant	1031:1039	The composite films were more resistant to breakage and more flexible than the control films.
28818729	7	65	theme	degradation	1232:1242	arg1	temperature					1244:1254	slightly higher degradation temperature	1216:1254	slightly higher degradation temperature	1216:1254	Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that films incorporating CEO exhibited improved heat stability with slightly higher degradation temperature, compared with control films.
28818729	1	66	theme	food	211:214	arg1	packaging					216:224	food packaging	211:224	food packaging	211:224	The increasing demand for bio-based materials to be used in food packaging has stimulated the development of novel, environmentally-friendly edible films.
28818729	0	67	theme	essential	66:74	arg1	oil					76:78	clove bud essential oil	56:78	clove bud essential oil	56:78	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	3	68	theme	differential	555:566	arg1	DSC					599:601	DSC	599:601	DSC	599:601	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	3	68	theme	differential	555:566	arg1	analysis					589:596	differential scanning calorimetry analysis	555:596	differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC)	555:602	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
28818729	2	69	theme	clove	378:382	arg1	oil					398:400	clove bud essential oil	378:400	clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%)	378:423	Antimicrobial films were developed by incorporating different levels of clove bud essential oil (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) into the citrus pectin in order to modify the functional properties of the films.
28818729	0	70	theme	bud	62:64	arg1	oil					76:78	clove bud essential oil	56:78	clove bud essential oil	56:78	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	0	71	dep	Characterization	0:15	arg1	antioxidant					109:119	antioxidant	109:119	antioxidant	109:119	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	0	71	dep	Characterization	0:15	arg1	properties					139:148	antibacterial properties	125:148	antibacterial properties	125:148	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	0	71	dep	Characterization	0:15	arg1	barrier					100:106	barrier	100:106	barrier	100:106	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	0	71	dep	Characterization	0:15	arg1	thermal					91:97	thermal	91:97	thermal	91:97	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	0	71	dep	Characterization	0:15	arg1	Physical					81:88	Physical	81:88	Physical	81:88	Characterization of citrus pectin films integrated with clove bud essential oil: Physical, thermal, barrier, antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
28818729	3	72	theme	antimicrobial	730:742	arg1	properties					744:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties	683:753	physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films	683:780	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed, together with the determination of physical, optical, mechanical, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pectin emulsified films.
27098241	0	0	theme	table	89:93	arg1	grapes					95:100	table grapes	89:100	table grapes	89:100	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones grown for table grapes.
27098241	1	1	with	clones	228:233	arg1	characteristics					247:261	better characteristics	240:261	better characteristics than the variety population	240:289	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	2	2	theme	Vitis	351:355	arg1	vinifera					357:364	Vitis vinifera L. cv	351:370	Vitis vinifera L. cv	351:370	The aim of this study was to select superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv.
27098241	7	3	theme	primary	867:873	arg1	injury					879:884	primary bud injury	867:884	primary bud injury	867:884	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	6	4	theme	significant	611:621	arg1	effect					623:628	The significant effect	607:628	The significant effect of vintage	607:639	The significant effect of vintage was observed for all descriptors with the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration.
27098241	8	5	theme	grapes	986:991	arg1	percentage					960:969	the percentage	956:969	the percentage of first-class grapes	956:991	In relation to berry classification, the percentage of first-class grapes ranged from 60% to 69% for all selected grapevines.
27098241	8	6	theme	berry	934:938	arg1	classification					940:953	berry classification	934:953	berry classification	934:953	In relation to berry classification, the percentage of first-class grapes ranged from 60% to 69% for all selected grapevines.
27098241	6	7	theme	vintage	633:639	arg1	effect					623:628	The significant effect	607:628	The significant effect of vintage	607:639	The significant effect of vintage was observed for all descriptors with the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration.
27098241	11	8	theme	selection	1412:1420	arg1	phase					1392:1396	the next phase	1383:1396	the next phase of the clonal selection	1383:1420	Those grapevines were selected for the next phase of the clonal selection.
27098241	10	9	theme	grapes	1340:1345	arg1	weight					1288:1293	berry weight	1282:1293	berry weight	1282:1293	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	10	9	theme	grapes	1340:1345	arg1	yield					1265:1269	high yield	1260:1269	high yield	1260:1269	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	10	9	theme	grapes	1340:1345	arg1	bunch					1272:1276	bunch	1272:1276	bunch	1272:1276	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	10	9	theme	grapes	1340:1345	arg1	content					1302:1308	sugar content	1296:1308	sugar content	1296:1308	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	10	9	theme	grapes	1340:1345	arg1	percentage					1314:1323	percentage	1314:1323	percentage	1314:1323	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	13	10	theme	Chemical	1542:1549	arg1	Industry					1551:1558	Chemical Industry	1542:1558	Chemical Industry	1542:1558	© 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
27098241	10	11	theme	sugar	1296:1300	arg1	content					1302:1308	sugar content	1296:1308	sugar content	1296:1308	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	6	12	with	descriptors	662:672	arg1	exception					683:691	the exception	679:691	the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration	679:748	The significant effect of vintage was observed for all descriptors with the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration.
27098241	10	13	theme	first-grade	1328:1338	arg1	grapes					1340:1345	first-grade grapes	1328:1345	first-grade grapes	1328:1345	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	11	14	theme	next	1387:1390	arg1	phase					1392:1396	the next phase	1383:1396	the next phase of the clonal selection	1383:1420	Those grapevines were selected for the next phase of the clonal selection.
27098241	1	15	theme	variety	272:278	arg1	population					280:289	the variety population	268:289	the variety population	268:289	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	6	16	theme	seeds	710:714	arg1	number					700:705	the number	696:705	the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration	696:748	The significant effect of vintage was observed for all descriptors with the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration.
27098241	1	17	theme	grapevine	160:168	arg1	improvement					170:180	grapevine improvement	160:180	grapevine improvement	160:180	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	4	18	theme	vines	490:494	arg1	parameters					442:451	The viticultural parameters	425:451	The viticultural parameters	425:451	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	4	18	theme	vines	490:494	arg1	composition					463:473	fruit composition	457:473	fruit composition	457:473	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	8	19	theme	%	1007:1007	arg1	%					1014:1014	60% to 69%	1005:1014	60% to 69% for all selected grapevines	1005:1042	In relation to berry classification, the percentage of first-class grapes ranged from 60% to 69% for all selected grapevines.
27098241	2	20	dep	vinifera	357:364	arg1	L.					366:367	L.	366:367	L.	366:367	The aim of this study was to select superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv.
27098241	3	21	theme	Muscat	373:378	arg1	Hamburg					380:386	Muscat Hamburg	373:386	Muscat Hamburg	373:386	Muscat Hamburg grown for fresh consumption.
27098241	4	22	theme	selected	481:488	arg1	vines					490:494	35 selected vines	478:494	35 selected vines	478:494	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	6	23	theme	number	700:705	arg1	exception					683:691	the exception	679:691	the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration	679:748	The significant effect of vintage was observed for all descriptors with the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration.
27098241	0	24	theme	Viticultural	0:11	arg1	characteristics					26:40	Viticultural and chemical characteristics	0:40	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	0:77	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones grown for table grapes.
27098241	5	25	theme	selected	591:598	arg1	vines					600:604	selected vines	591:604	selected vines	591:604	The evaluated parameters showed high variability among selected vines.
27098241	2	26	theme	study	308:312	arg1	aim					296:298	The aim	292:298	The aim of this study	292:312	The aim of this study was to select superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv.
27098241	11	27	theme	clonal	1405:1410	arg1	selection					1412:1420	the clonal selection	1401:1420	the clonal selection	1401:1420	Those grapevines were selected for the next phase of the clonal selection.
27098241	8	28	theme	first-class	974:984	arg1	grapes					986:991	first-class grapes	974:991	first-class grapes	974:991	In relation to berry classification, the percentage of first-class grapes ranged from 60% to 69% for all selected grapevines.
27098241	7	29	theme	low	812:814	arg1	temperatures					816:827	low temperatures	812:827	low temperatures	812:827	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	1	30	theme	BACKGROUND	103:112	arg1	selection					121:129	BACKGROUND Clonal selection	103:129	BACKGROUND Clonal selection	103:129	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	9	31	theme	Multivariate	1045:1056	arg1	analysis					1070:1077	Multivariate statistical analysis	1045:1077	Multivariate statistical analysis	1045:1077	Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to classify grapevines based on their performance.
27098241	0	32	theme	chemical	17:24	arg1	characteristics					26:40	Viticultural and chemical characteristics	0:40	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	0:77	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones grown for table grapes.
27098241	12	33	theme	selection	1471:1479	arg1	importance					1450:1459	the importance	1446:1459	the importance of clonal selection for improvement of the variety population	1446:1521	This study highlighted the importance of clonal selection for improvement of the variety population.
27098241	1	34	theme	Clonal	114:119	arg1	selection					121:129	BACKGROUND Clonal selection	103:129	BACKGROUND Clonal selection	103:129	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	9	35	theme	statistical	1058:1068	arg1	analysis					1070:1077	Multivariate statistical analysis	1045:1077	Multivariate statistical analysis	1045:1077	Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to classify grapevines based on their performance.
27098241	3	36	theme	fresh	398:402	arg1	consumption					404:414	fresh consumption	398:414	fresh consumption	398:414	Muscat Hamburg grown for fresh consumption.
27098241	10	37	theme	high	1260:1263	arg1	yield					1265:1269	high yield	1260:1269	high yield	1260:1269	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	8	38	theme	selected	1024:1031	arg1	grapevines					1033:1042	all selected grapevines	1020:1042	all selected grapevines	1020:1042	In relation to berry classification, the percentage of first-class grapes ranged from 60% to 69% for all selected grapevines.
27098241	12	39	theme	clonal	1464:1469	arg1	selection					1471:1479	clonal selection	1464:1479	clonal selection	1464:1479	This study highlighted the importance of clonal selection for improvement of the variety population.
27098241	5	40	theme	evaluated	540:548	arg1	parameters					550:559	The evaluated parameters	536:559	The evaluated parameters	536:559	The evaluated parameters showed high variability among selected vines.
27098241	0	41	theme	preselected	60:70	arg1	clones					72:77	Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	45:77	Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	45:77	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones grown for table grapes.
27098241	4	42	theme	5-year	521:526	arg1	period					528:533	a 5-year period	519:533	a 5-year period	519:533	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	4	43	theme	fruit	457:461	arg1	composition					463:473	fruit composition	457:473	fruit composition	457:473	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	0	44	theme	Hamburg	52:58	arg1	clones					72:77	Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	45:77	Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	45:77	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones grown for table grapes.
27098241	10	45	theme	berry	1282:1286	arg1	weight					1288:1293	berry weight	1282:1293	berry weight	1282:1293	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	2	46	theme	superior	328:335	arg1	grapevines					337:346	superior grapevines	328:346	superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv	328:370	The aim of this study was to select superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv.
27098241	5	47	theme	high	568:571	arg1	variability					573:583	high variability	568:583	high variability among selected vines	568:604	The evaluated parameters showed high variability among selected vines.
27098241	7	48	from	°C	901:902	arg1	injury					879:884	primary bud injury	867:884	primary bud injury	867:884	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	7	48	from	°C	901:902	arg1	%					854:854	73%	852:854	73%	852:854	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	7	48	from	°C	901:902	arg1	%					862:862	90%	860:862	90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C	860:902	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	12	49	theme	variety	1504:1510	arg1	population					1512:1521	the variety population	1500:1521	the variety population	1500:1521	This study highlighted the importance of clonal selection for improvement of the variety population.
27098241	4	50	theme	viticultural	429:440	arg1	parameters					442:451	The viticultural parameters	425:451	The viticultural parameters	425:451	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	1	51	theme	tools	145:149	arg1	one					134:136	one	134:136	one	134:136	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	1	51	theme	tools	145:149	arg1	tools					145:149	the tools	141:149	the tools used for grapevine improvement	141:180	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
27098241	7	52	theme	bud	875:877	arg1	injury					879:884	primary bud injury	867:884	primary bud injury	867:884	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	10	53	theme	CONCLUSION	1144:1153	arg1	promising					1203:1211	promising	1203:1211	promising	1203:1211	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	10	53	theme	CONCLUSION	1144:1153	arg1	grapevines					1164:1173	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines	1144:1173	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines	1144:1173	CONCLUSION Fourteen grapevines were identified as the most promising among the 35 vines initially planted, based on high yield, bunch and berry weight, sugar content and percentage of first-grade grapes.
27098241	8	54	dep	%	1014:1014	arg1	to					1009:1010	to	1009:1010	to	1009:1010	In relation to berry classification, the percentage of first-class grapes ranged from 60% to 69% for all selected grapevines.
27098241	6	55	theme	sugar	730:734	arg1	concentration					736:748	sugar concentration	730:748	sugar concentration	730:748	The significant effect of vintage was observed for all descriptors with the exception of the number of seeds per berry and sugar concentration.
27098241	7	56	theme	injury	879:884	arg1	injury					879:884	primary bud injury	867:884	primary bud injury	867:884	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	7	56	theme	injury	879:884	arg1	%					854:854	73%	852:854	73%	852:854	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	7	56	theme	injury	879:884	arg1	%					862:862	90%	860:862	90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C	860:902	Additionally, all vines were examined for their tolerance to low temperatures and the results showed 73% and 90% of primary bud injury at -20 and -25 °C, respectively.
27098241	4	57	dep	RESULTS	417:423	arg1	determined					501:510	determined	501:510	were determined during a 5-year period	496:533	RESULTS The viticultural parameters and fruit composition of 35 selected vines were determined during a 5-year period.
27098241	0	58	theme	clones	72:77	arg1	characteristics					26:40	Viticultural and chemical characteristics	0:40	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones	0:77	Viticultural and chemical characteristics of Muscat Hamburg preselected clones grown for table grapes.
27098241	12	59	theme	population	1512:1521	arg1	improvement					1485:1495	improvement	1485:1495	improvement of the variety population	1485:1521	This study highlighted the importance of clonal selection for improvement of the variety population.
27098241	2	60	theme	vinifera	357:364	arg1	grapevines					337:346	superior grapevines	328:346	superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv	328:370	The aim of this study was to select superior grapevines of Vitis vinifera L. cv.
27098241	1	61	theme	better	240:245	arg1	characteristics					247:261	better characteristics	240:261	better characteristics than the variety population	240:289	BACKGROUND Clonal selection is one of the tools used for grapevine improvement and therefore is very important for obtaining clones with better characteristics than the variety population.
26187572	9	0	theme	standard	1350:1357	arg1	deviation					1359:1367	The standard deviation	1346:1367	The standard deviation for T2	1346:1374	The standard deviation for T2 showed a significant decrease over the study.
26187572	0	1	theme	and new zonal	180:192	arg1	calculation					203:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	6	2	theme	Average	781:787	arg1	score					796:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score	773:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score	773:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	3	theme	%	930:930	arg1	eighteen					909:916	eighteen	909:916	eighteen	909:916	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	3	theme	%	930:930	arg1	CI					932:933	95% CI 77.7 to 91.0	928:946	95% CI 77.7 to 91.0	928:946	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	0	4	theme	index	197:201	arg1	calculation					203:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	1	5	theme	MOCART	273:278	arg1	scoring					280:286	MOCART scoring	273:286	MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	273:428	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	3	6	theme	MOCART	534:539	arg1	evaluation					541:550	MOCART evaluation	534:550	MOCART evaluation	534:550	Standard protocols were used for MOCART evaluation at 1 week (baseline) 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.
26187572	11	7	from	cartilage	1586:1594	arg1	%					1601:1601	81%	1599:1601	81%	1599:1601	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	11	7	from	cartilage	1586:1594	arg1	%					1611:1611	63.5%	1607:1611	63.5%	1607:1611	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	11	7	from	cartilage	1586:1594	arg1	patients					1620:1627	the patients	1616:1627	the patients	1616:1627	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	7	8	from	months	1098:1103	arg1	%					1144:1144	81%	1142:1144	81%	1142:1144	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	8	from	months	1098:1103	arg1	8/12					1081:1084	8/12	1081:1084	8/12	1081:1084	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	8	from	months	1098:1103	arg1	%					1089:1089	67%	1087:1089	67%	1087:1089	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	8	from	months	1098:1103	arg1	baseline					1071:1078	baseline	1071:1078	baseline	1071:1078	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	9	9	theme	significant	1385:1395	arg1	decrease					1397:1404	a significant decrease	1383:1404	a significant decrease over the study	1383:1419	The standard deviation for T2 showed a significant decrease over the study.
26187572	11	10	theme	Global	1524:1529	arg1	values					1551:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values	1524:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months	1524:1569	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	5	11	theme	RT	753:754	arg1	index					708:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index	643:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT	643:754	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	11	12	theme	T2	1541:1542	arg1	values					1551:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values	1524:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months	1524:1569	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	7	13	from	0.8	1007:1009	arg1	patients					1059:1066	1/11 (9%) patients	1049:1066	1/11 (9%) patients	1049:1066	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	13	from	0.8	1007:1009	arg1	%					1056:1056	9%	1055:1056	9%	1055:1056	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	0	14	theme	MOCART	139:144	arg1	scoring					146:152	semi-quantitative MOCART scoring	121:152	semi-quantitative MOCART scoring	121:152	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	1	15	theme	hydrogel	413:420	arg1	implant					422:428	a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	383:428	a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	383:428	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	1	15	theme	hydrogel	413:420	arg1	GelrinC					374:380	GelrinC	374:380	GelrinC	374:380	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	5	16	theme	superficial	734:744	arg1	T2					746:747	superficial T2	734:747	superficial T2	734:747	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	6	17	theme	%	887:887	arg1	71.8					879:882	71.8	879:882	71.8	879:882	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	17	theme	%	887:887	arg1	CI					889:890	95% CI 55.4 to 88.2	885:903	95% CI 55.4 to 88.2	885:903	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	10	18	theme	MOCART	1450:1455	arg1	scores					1457:1462	MOCART scores	1450:1462	MOCART scores	1450:1462	CONCLUSIONS The increase of MOCART scores over follow-up indicates improving cartilage repair tissue.
26187572	10	19	dep	follow-up	1469:1477	arg1	indicates					1479:1487	indicates	1479:1487	indicates improving cartilage repair tissue	1479:1521	CONCLUSIONS The increase of MOCART scores over follow-up indicates improving cartilage repair tissue.
26187572	6	20	dep	CI	816:817	arg1	to					824:825	to	824:825	to	824:825	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	8	21	from	months	1307:1312	arg1	7/13					1288:1291	7/13	1288:1291	7/13	1288:1291	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	21	from	months	1307:1312	arg1	%					1298:1298	53.8%	1294:1298	53.8%	1294:1298	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	3	22	from	week	557:560	arg1	months					596:601	1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months	573:601	1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months	573:601	Standard protocols were used for MOCART evaluation at 1 week (baseline) 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.
26187572	10	23	theme	cartilage	1499:1507	arg1	tissue					1516:1521	cartilage repair tissue	1499:1521	cartilage repair tissue	1499:1521	CONCLUSIONS The increase of MOCART scores over follow-up indicates improving cartilage repair tissue.
26187572	0	24	theme	T2	171:172	arg1	index					174:178	quantitative T2 index	158:178	quantitative T2 index	158:178	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	5	25	dep	Global	643:648	arg1	T2					651:652	T2	651:652	T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage	651:692	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	0	26	theme	cartilage	62:70	arg1	technology					88:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	5	27	theme	deep	715:718	arg1	T2					720:721	deep T2	715:721	deep T2 divided by superficial T2	715:747	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	4	28	theme	T2	631:632	arg1	mapping					634:640	T2 mapping	631:640	T2 mapping	631:640	Multi-echo SE was used for T2 mapping.
26187572	0	29	theme	hydrogel	79:86	arg1	technology					88:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	8	30	dep	difference	1196:1205	arg1	7/13					1288:1291	7/13	1288:1291	7/13	1288:1291	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	30	dep	difference	1196:1205	arg1	%					1298:1298	53.8%	1294:1298	53.8%	1294:1298	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	30	dep	difference	1196:1205	arg1	10/16					1318:1322	10/16	1318:1322	10/16	1318:1322	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	30	dep	difference	1196:1205	arg1	%					1329:1329	63.5%	1325:1329	63.5%	1325:1329	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	11	31	theme	normal	1579:1584	arg1	cartilage					1586:1594	normal cartilage	1579:1594	normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients	1579:1627	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	1	32	theme	GelrinC	374:380	arg1	implantation					358:369	implantation	358:369	implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	358:428	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	6	33	from	84.4	922:925	arg1	71.8					806:809	71.8	806:809	71.8	806:809	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	33	from	84.4	922:925	arg1	CI					816:817	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	33	from	84.4	922:925	arg1	75.2					841:844	75.2	841:844	75.2	841:844	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	33	from	84.4	922:925	arg1	71.8					879:882	71.8	879:882	71.8	879:882	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	0	34	theme	Morphological	0:12	arg1	monitoring					32:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring	0:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR	0:113	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	8	35	from	months	1338:1343	arg1	10/16					1318:1322	10/16	1318:1322	10/16	1318:1322	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	35	from	months	1338:1343	arg1	%					1329:1329	63.5%	1325:1329	63.5%	1325:1329	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	0	36	theme	compositional	18:30	arg1	monitoring					32:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring	0:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR	0:113	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	7	37	theme	normal	1020:1025	arg1	cartilage					1035:1043	normal healthy cartilage	1020:1043	normal healthy cartilage	1020:1043	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	37	theme	normal	1020:1025	arg1	0.8					1007:1009	0.8	1007:1009	0.8	1007:1009	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	6	38	from	eighteen	909:916	arg1	71.8					806:809	71.8	806:809	71.8	806:809	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	38	from	eighteen	909:916	arg1	CI					816:817	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	38	from	eighteen	909:916	arg1	75.2					841:844	75.2	841:844	75.2	841:844	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	38	from	eighteen	909:916	arg1	71.8					879:882	71.8	879:882	71.8	879:882	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	2	39	theme	DESIGN	431:436	arg1	1.5/3T					450:455	1.5/3T	450:455	1.5/3T	450:455	DESIGN MR imaging (1.5/3T) was performed on 21 patients at six sites.
26187572	2	39	theme	DESIGN	431:436	arg1	imaging					441:447	DESIGN MR imaging	431:447	DESIGN MR imaging (1.5/3T)	431:456	DESIGN MR imaging (1.5/3T) was performed on 21 patients at six sites.
26187572	1	40	theme	T2	310:311	arg1	mapping					313:319	T2 mapping	310:319	T2 mapping	310:319	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	1	41	dep	biosynthetic	385:396	arg1	biodegradable					399:411	biodegradable	399:411	biodegradable	399:411	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	5	42	theme	zonal	699:703	arg1	index					708:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index	643:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT	643:754	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	8	43	theme	T2	1171:1172	arg1	difference					1196:1205	<20% difference	1191:1205	<20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%)	1191:1272	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	43	theme	T2	1171:1172	arg1	index					1174:1178	The zonal T2 index	1161:1178	The zonal T2 index for RT	1161:1185	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	44	theme	zonal	1214:1218	arg1	index					1223:1227	the zonal T2 index	1210:1227	the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage	1210:1248	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	1	45	theme	cartilage	238:246	arg1	tissue					255:260	cartilage repair tissue	238:260	cartilage repair tissue (RT)	238:265	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	1	45	theme	cartilage	238:246	arg1	RT					263:264	RT	263:264	RT	263:264	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	3	46	used	used	525:528	arg2	protocols					510:518	Standard protocols	501:518	Standard protocols	501:518	Standard protocols were used for MOCART evaluation at 1 week (baseline) 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.
26187572	7	47	from	months	1124:1129	arg1	11/13					1106:1110	11/13	1106:1110	11/13	1106:1110	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	47	from	months	1124:1129	arg1	%					1115:1115	85%	1113:1115	85%	1113:1115	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	47	from	months	1124:1129	arg1	baseline					1071:1078	baseline	1071:1078	baseline	1071:1078	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	48	theme	T2	983:984	arg1	index					986:990	The global T2 index	972:990	The global T2 index	972:990	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	0	49	theme	T2	194:195	arg1	calculation					203:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	3	50	theme	Standard	501:508	arg1	protocols					510:518	Standard protocols	501:518	Standard protocols	501:518	Standard protocols were used for MOCART evaluation at 1 week (baseline) 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.
26187572	8	51	theme	normal	1233:1238	arg1	cartilage					1240:1248	normal cartilage	1233:1248	normal cartilage	1233:1248	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	6	52	theme	MOCART	789:794	arg1	score					796:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score	773:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score	773:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	8	53	theme	%	1194:1194	arg1	difference					1196:1205	<20% difference	1191:1205	<20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%)	1191:1272	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	53	theme	%	1194:1194	arg1	index					1174:1178	The zonal T2 index	1161:1178	The zonal T2 index for RT	1161:1185	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	6	54	theme	RESULTS	773:779	arg1	score					796:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score	773:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score	773:800	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	5	55	dep	index	708:712	arg1	T2					720:721	deep T2	715:721	deep T2 divided by superficial T2	715:747	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	6	56	from	twelve	871:876	arg1	CI					851:852	95% CI 62.8 to 87.5	847:865	95% CI 62.8 to 87.5	847:865	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	56	from	twelve	871:876	arg1	71.8					806:809	71.8	806:809	71.8	806:809	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	56	from	twelve	871:876	arg1	75.2					841:844	75.2	841:844	75.2	841:844	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	0	57	theme	new	48:50	arg1	technology					88:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	5	58	theme	normal	677:682	arg1	cartilage					684:692	normal cartilage	677:692	normal cartilage	677:692	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	4	59	theme	Multi-echo	604:613	arg1	SE					615:616	Multi-echo SE	604:616	Multi-echo SE	604:616	Multi-echo SE was used for T2 mapping.
26187572	0	60	theme	semi-quantitative	121:137	arg1	scoring					146:152	semi-quantitative MOCART scoring	121:152	semi-quantitative MOCART scoring	121:152	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	11	61	theme	repair	1544:1549	arg1	values					1551:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values	1524:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months	1524:1569	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	5	62	theme	Global	643:648	arg1	index					708:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index	643:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT	643:754	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	8	63	from	months	1280:1285	arg1	difference					1196:1205	<20% difference	1191:1205	<20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%)	1191:1272	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	63	from	months	1280:1285	arg1	index					1174:1178	The zonal T2 index	1161:1178	The zonal T2 index for RT	1161:1185	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	6	64	theme	%	814:814	arg1	71.8					806:809	71.8	806:809	71.8	806:809	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	64	theme	%	814:814	arg1	CI					816:817	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	11	65	theme	zonal	1535:1539	arg1	values					1551:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values	1524:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months	1524:1569	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	10	66	theme	scores	1457:1462	arg1	increase					1438:1445	The increase	1434:1445	The increase of MOCART scores	1434:1462	CONCLUSIONS The increase of MOCART scores over follow-up indicates improving cartilage repair tissue.
26187572	0	67	theme	quantitative	158:169	arg1	index					174:178	quantitative T2 index	158:178	quantitative T2 index	158:178	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	6	68	dep	CI	932:933	arg1	to					940:941	to	940:941	to	940:941	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	8	69	from	difference	1196:1205	arg1	patients					1259:1266	6/12 patients	1254:1266	6/12 patients (50%)	1254:1272	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	69	from	difference	1196:1205	arg1	%					1271:1271	50%	1269:1271	50%	1269:1271	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	6	70	theme	%	849:849	arg1	CI					851:852	95% CI 62.8 to 87.5	847:865	95% CI 62.8 to 87.5	847:865	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	70	theme	%	849:849	arg1	75.2					841:844	75.2	841:844	75.2	841:844	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	71	from	months	964:969	arg1	eighteen					909:916	eighteen	909:916	eighteen	909:916	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	71	from	months	964:969	arg1	CI					932:933	95% CI 77.7 to 91.0	928:946	95% CI 77.7 to 91.0	928:946	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	0	72	theme	repair	72:77	arg1	technology					88:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	5	73	from	T2	671:672	arg1	cartilage					684:692	normal cartilage	677:692	normal cartilage	677:692	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	0	74	dep	scoring	146:152	arg1	calculation					203:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	and new zonal T2 index calculation	180:213	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	11	75	theme	hyaline	1687:1693	arg1	cartilage					1695:1703	hyaline cartilage	1687:1703	hyaline cartilage	1687:1703	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	11	76	from	months	1564:1569	arg1	values					1551:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values	1524:1556	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months	1524:1569	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	0	77	theme	technology	88:97	arg1	monitoring					32:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring	0:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR	0:113	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	11	78	theme	similar	1676:1682	arg1	organization					1663:1674	collagen organization	1654:1674	collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage	1654:1703	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	0	79	theme	GelrinC	101:107	arg1	monitoring					32:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring	0:41	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR	0:113	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	6	80	dep	CI	851:852	arg1	to					859:860	to	859:860	to	859:860	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	10	81	theme	repair	1509:1514	arg1	tissue					1516:1521	cartilage repair tissue	1499:1521	cartilage repair tissue	1499:1521	CONCLUSIONS The increase of MOCART scores over follow-up indicates improving cartilage repair tissue.
26187572	5	82	theme	T2	705:706	arg1	index					708:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index	643:712	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT	643:754	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	1	83	theme	biosynthetic	385:396	arg1	implant					422:428	a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	383:428	a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	383:428	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	1	83	theme	biosynthetic	385:396	arg1	GelrinC					374:380	GelrinC	374:380	GelrinC	374:380	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	7	84	theme	healthy	1027:1033	arg1	cartilage					1035:1043	normal healthy cartilage	1020:1043	normal healthy cartilage	1020:1043	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	84	theme	healthy	1027:1033	arg1	0.8					1007:1009	0.8	1007:1009	0.8	1007:1009	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	11	85	theme	patients	1620:1627	arg1	%					1601:1601	81%	1599:1601	81%	1599:1601	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	11	85	theme	patients	1620:1627	arg1	%					1611:1611	63.5%	1607:1611	63.5%	1607:1611	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	11	85	theme	patients	1620:1627	arg1	patients					1620:1627	the patients	1616:1627	the patients	1616:1627	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	6	86	from	six	836:838	arg1	71.8					806:809	71.8	806:809	71.8	806:809	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	86	from	six	836:838	arg1	CI					816:817	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	95% CI 62.2 to 81.3	812:830	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	86	from	six	836:838	arg1	75.2					841:844	75.2	841:844	75.2	841:844	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	6	86	from	six	836:838	arg1	71.8					879:882	71.8	879:882	71.8	879:882	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	4	87	used	used	622:625	arg2	SE					615:616	Multi-echo SE	604:616	Multi-echo SE	604:616	Multi-echo SE was used for T2 mapping.
26187572	2	88	theme	MR	438:439	arg1	1.5/3T					450:455	1.5/3T	450:455	1.5/3T	450:455	DESIGN MR imaging (1.5/3T) was performed on 21 patients at six sites.
26187572	2	88	theme	MR	438:439	arg1	imaging					441:447	DESIGN MR imaging	431:447	DESIGN MR imaging (1.5/3T)	431:456	DESIGN MR imaging (1.5/3T) was performed on 21 patients at six sites.
26187572	7	89	from	months	1153:1158	arg1	%					1144:1144	81%	1142:1144	81%	1142:1144	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	89	from	months	1153:1158	arg1	8/12					1081:1084	8/12	1081:1084	8/12	1081:1084	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	89	from	months	1153:1158	arg1	%					1089:1089	67%	1087:1089	67%	1087:1089	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	7	89	from	months	1153:1158	arg1	baseline					1071:1078	baseline	1071:1078	baseline	1071:1078	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	11	90	theme	collagen	1654:1661	arg1	organization					1663:1674	collagen organization	1654:1674	collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage	1654:1703	Global and zonal T2 repair values at 24 months reached normal cartilage in 81% and 63.5% of the patients respectively, reflecting collagen organization similar to hyaline cartilage.
26187572	8	91	theme	zonal	1165:1169	arg1	difference					1196:1205	<20% difference	1191:1205	<20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%)	1191:1272	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	91	theme	zonal	1165:1169	arg1	index					1174:1178	The zonal T2 index	1161:1178	The zonal T2 index for RT	1161:1185	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	0	92	theme	cell-free	52:60	arg1	technology					88:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology	46:97	Morphological and compositional monitoring of a new cell-free cartilage repair hydrogel technology - GelrinC by MR using semi-quantitative MOCART scoring and quantitative T2 index and new zonal T2 index calculation.
26187572	5	93	from	T2	651:652	arg1	RT					657:658	RT	657:658	RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage	657:692	Global (T2 in RT divided by T2 in normal cartilage) and zonal T2 index (deep T2 divided by superficial T2) of RT were calculated.
26187572	8	94	theme	T2	1220:1221	arg1	index					1223:1227	the zonal T2 index	1210:1227	the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage	1210:1248	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
26187572	1	95	theme	biochemical	325:335	arg1	assessment					337:346	biochemical assessment	325:346	biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant	325:428	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	6	96	dep	CI	889:890	arg1	to					897:898	to	897:898	to	897:898	RESULTS Average MOCART score was 71.8 (95% CI 62.2 to 81.3) at six, 75.2 (95% CI 62.8 to 87.5) at twelve, 71.8 (95% CI 55.4 to 88.2) at eighteen and 84.4 (95% CI 77.7 to 91.0) at twenty-four months.
26187572	1	97	theme	repair	248:253	arg1	tissue					255:260	cartilage repair tissue	238:260	cartilage repair tissue (RT)	238:265	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	1	97	theme	repair	248:253	arg1	RT					263:264	RT	263:264	RT	263:264	OBJECTIVE To evaluate cartilage repair tissue (RT) using MOCART scoring for morphological and T2 mapping for biochemical assessment following implantation of GelrinC, a biosynthetic, biodegradable hydrogel implant.
26187572	7	98	theme	global	976:981	arg1	index					986:990	The global T2 index	972:990	The global T2 index	972:990	The global T2 index ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 (normal healthy cartilage) in 1/11 (9%) patients at baseline, 8/12 (67%) at 12 months, 11/13 (85%) at 18 months and 13/16 (81%) at 24 months.
26187572	8	99	theme	<20	1191:1193	arg1	%					1194:1194	%	1194:1194	%	1194:1194	The zonal T2 index for RT was <20% difference to the zonal T2 index for normal cartilage in: 6/12 patients (50%) at 12 months, 7/13 (53.8%) at 18 months and 10/16 (63.5%) at 24 months.
25825269	10	0	theme	dynamic	1517:1523	arg1	changes					1535:1541	the dynamic metabolic changes	1513:1541	the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development	1513:1569	These findings offered essential biochemistry information in terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development.
25825269	9	1	theme	metabonome	1311:1320	arg1	changes					1290:1296	The developmental changes	1272:1296	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome	1272:1320	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	1	2	theme	lepidopteran-holometabolic	109:134	arg1	organism					142:149	a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism	107:149	a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism	107:149	Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism.
25825269	1	2	theme	lepidopteran-holometabolic	109:134	arg1	Silkworm					81:88	Silkworm	81:88	Silkworm (Bombyx mori)	81:102	Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism.
25825269	9	3	theme	cell	1385:1388	arg1	membrane					1390:1397	cell membrane	1385:1397	cell membrane	1385:1397	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	5	4	theme	hemolymph	767:775	arg1	metabonome					777:786	the hemolymph metabonome	763:786	the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines	763:947	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	acids					917:921	fatty acids	911:921	fatty acids	911:921	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	glycolysis					848:857	glycolysis	848:857	glycolysis	848:857	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	purines					924:930	purines	924:930	purines	924:930	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	cycle					864:868	TCA cycle	860:868	TCA cycle	860:868	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	biosyntheses					834:845	protein biosyntheses	826:845	protein biosyntheses	826:845	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	pyrimidines					937:947	pyrimidines	937:947	pyrimidines	937:947	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	5	theme	acids	904:908	arg1	metabolisms					875:885	the metabolisms	871:885	the metabolisms of choline amino acids	871:908	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	1	6	theme	model	136:140	arg1	organism					142:149	a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism	107:149	a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism	107:149	Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism.
25825269	1	6	theme	model	136:140	arg1	Silkworm					81:88	Silkworm	81:88	Silkworm (Bombyx mori)	81:102	Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism.
25825269	9	7	theme	membrane	1390:1397	arg1	biosyntheses					1369:1380	biosyntheses	1369:1380	biosyntheses of cell membrane	1369:1397	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	9	7	theme	membrane	1390:1397	arg1	metabolism					1431:1440	energy metabolism	1424:1440	energy metabolism	1424:1440	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	9	7	theme	membrane	1390:1397	arg1	intakes					1360:1366	dietary nutrient intakes	1343:1366	dietary nutrient intakes	1343:1366	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	9	7	theme	membrane	1390:1397	arg1	proteins					1410:1417	proteins	1410:1417	proteins	1410:1417	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	9	7	theme	membrane	1390:1397	arg1	pigments					1400:1407	pigments	1400:1407	pigments	1400:1407	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	7	8	theme	blood	1165:1169	arg1	sugar					1171:1175	the major blood sugar	1155:1175	the major blood sugar	1155:1175	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	2	9	theme	prepupa	272:278	arg1	stage					280:284	prepupa stage	272:284	prepupa stage	272:284	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	6	10	contain	had	977:979	arg2	elevations					985:994	two elevations	981:994	two elevations	981:994	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	6	10	contain	had	977:979	arg1	acids					971:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	8	11	from	acids	1252:1256	arg1	hemolymph					1261:1269	hemolymph	1261:1269	hemolymph	1261:1269	C16:0, C18:0 and its unsaturated forms were dominant fatty acids in hemolymph.
25825269	2	12	theme	hemolymph	321:329	arg1	composition					342:352	hemolymph fatty acid composition	321:352	hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS	321:368	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	5	13	theme	obvious	726:732	arg1	dependence					748:757	obvious developmental dependence	726:757	obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines	726:947	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	7	14	theme	major	1080:1084	arg1	sugar					1092:1096	the major blood sugar	1076:1096	the major blood sugar	1076:1096	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	7	14	theme	major	1080:1084	arg1	Trehalose					1062:1070	Trehalose	1062:1070	Trehalose	1062:1070	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	6	15	theme	instar	1036:1041	arg1	period					1015:1020	the feeding period	1003:1020	the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage	1003:1059	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	10	16	theme	metabolic	1525:1533	arg1	changes					1535:1541	the dynamic metabolic changes	1513:1541	the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development	1513:1569	These findings offered essential biochemistry information in terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development.
25825269	5	17	theme	developmental	734:746	arg1	dependence					748:757	obvious developmental dependence	726:757	obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines	726:947	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	9	18	theme	developmental	1276:1288	arg1	changes					1290:1296	The developmental changes	1272:1296	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome	1272:1320	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	7	19	theme	blood	1086:1090	arg1	sugar					1092:1096	the major blood sugar	1076:1096	the major blood sugar	1076:1096	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	7	19	theme	blood	1086:1090	arg1	Trehalose					1062:1070	Trehalose	1062:1070	Trehalose	1062:1070	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	2	20	theme	third	256:260	arg1	instar					262:267	the third instar	252:267	the third instar	252:267	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	10	21	theme	silkworm	1550:1557	arg1	development					1559:1569	silkworm development	1550:1569	silkworm development	1550:1569	These findings offered essential biochemistry information in terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development.
25825269	6	22	theme	Most	950:953	arg1	acids					971:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	10	23	theme	changes	1535:1541	arg1	terms					1504:1508	terms	1504:1508	terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development	1504:1569	These findings offered essential biochemistry information in terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development.
25825269	3	24	theme	silkworm	545:552	arg1	hemolymph					554:562	the silkworm hemolymph	541:562	the silkworm hemolymph	541:562	We unambiguously assigned more than 60 metabolites, among which tyrosine-o-β-glucuronide, mesaconate, homocarnosine, and picolinate were reported for the first time from the silkworm hemolymph.
25825269	6	25	theme	stage	1055:1059	arg1	period					1015:1020	the feeding period	1003:1020	the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage	1003:1059	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	0	26	theme	Developmental	0:12	arg1	Changes					14:20	Developmental Changes	0:20	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).	0:79	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).
25825269	0	27	dep	mori	71:74	arg1	L					76:76	L	76:76	Bombyx mori L.	64:77	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).
25825269	8	28	theme	unsaturated	1214:1224	arg1	forms					1226:1230	its unsaturated forms	1210:1230	its unsaturated forms	1210:1230	C16:0, C18:0 and its unsaturated forms were dominant fatty acids in hemolymph.
25825269	6	29	theme	prepupa	1047:1053	arg1	stage					1055:1059	prepupa stage	1047:1059	prepupa stage	1047:1059	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	5	30	theme	protein	826:832	arg1	biosyntheses					834:845	protein biosyntheses	826:845	protein biosyntheses	826:845	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	10	31	theme	biochemistry	1476:1487	arg1	information					1489:1499	essential biochemistry information	1466:1499	essential biochemistry information	1466:1499	These findings offered essential biochemistry information in terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development.
25825269	2	32	dep	spectroscopy	301:312	arg1	1					293:293	1	293:293	1	293:293	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	2	33	theme	larval	219:224	arg1	metabonome					236:245	the larval hemolymph metabonome	215:245	the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage	215:284	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	4	34	theme	developmental	623:635	arg1	stages					637:642	all developmental stages	619:642	all developmental stages with exception	619:657	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
25825269	6	35	theme	hemolymph	955:963	arg1	acids					971:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	10	36	theme	essential	1466:1474	arg1	information					1489:1499	essential biochemistry information	1466:1499	essential biochemistry information	1466:1499	These findings offered essential biochemistry information in terms of the dynamic metabolic changes during silkworm development.
25825269	4	37	theme	third	686:690	arg1	molting					703:709	the third and fourth molting	682:709	the third and fourth molting	682:709	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
25825269	5	38	theme	choline	890:896	arg1	acids					904:908	choline amino acids	890:908	choline amino acids	890:908	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	7	39	theme	fifth	1118:1122	arg1	instar					1124:1129	the fifth instar	1114:1129	the fifth instar	1114:1129	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	2	40	theme	NMR	297:299	arg1	spectroscopy					301:312	(1)H NMR spectroscopy	292:312	(1)H NMR spectroscopy	292:312	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	6	41	theme	fourth	1029:1034	arg1	instar					1036:1041	the fourth instar	1025:1041	the fourth instar	1025:1041	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	0	42	dep	Silkworm	54:61	arg1	mori					71:74	Bombyx mori	64:74	Bombyx mori L.	64:77	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).
25825269	5	43	theme	TCA	860:862	arg1	cycle					864:868	TCA cycle	860:868	TCA cycle	860:868	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	0	44	theme	Hemolymph	30:38	arg1	Metabolome					40:49	the Hemolymph Metabolome	26:49	the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.)	26:78	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).
25825269	7	45	theme	instar	1124:1129	arg1	day					1105:1107	day 8	1105:1109	day 8 of the fifth instar	1105:1129	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	8	46	theme	dominant	1237:1244	arg1	acids					1252:1256	dominant fatty acids	1237:1256	dominant fatty acids in hemolymph	1237:1269	C16:0, C18:0 and its unsaturated forms were dominant fatty acids in hemolymph.
25825269	9	47	theme	hemolymph	1301:1309	arg1	metabonome					1311:1320	hemolymph metabonome	1301:1320	hemolymph metabonome	1301:1320	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	acids					917:921	fatty acids	911:921	fatty acids	911:921	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	glycolysis					848:857	glycolysis	848:857	glycolysis	848:857	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	pathways					807:814	multiple pathways	798:814	multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines	798:947	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	purines					924:930	purines	924:930	purines	924:930	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	cycle					864:868	TCA cycle	860:868	TCA cycle	860:868	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	biosyntheses					834:845	protein biosyntheses	826:845	protein biosyntheses	826:845	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	pyrimidines					937:947	pyrimidines	937:947	pyrimidines	937:947	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	5	48	theme	multiple	798:805	arg1	metabolisms					875:885	the metabolisms	871:885	the metabolisms of choline amino acids	871:908	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	7	49	theme	major	1159:1163	arg1	sugar					1171:1175	the major blood sugar	1155:1175	the major blood sugar	1155:1175	Trehalose was the major blood sugar before day 8 of the fifth instar, whereas glucose became the major blood sugar after spinning.
25825269	0	50	theme	Silkworm	54:61	arg1	Metabolome					40:49	the Hemolymph Metabolome	26:49	the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.)	26:78	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).
25825269	6	51	theme	amino	965:969	arg1	acids					971:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids	950:975	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	5	52	theme	fatty	911:915	arg1	acids					917:921	fatty acids	911:921	fatty acids	911:921	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	9	53	theme	dietary	1343:1349	arg1	intakes					1360:1366	dietary nutrient intakes	1343:1366	dietary nutrient intakes	1343:1366	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	1	54	theme	Bombyx	91:96	arg1	mori					98:101	Bombyx mori	91:101	Bombyx mori	91:101	Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism.
25825269	1	54	theme	Bombyx	91:96	arg1	Silkworm					81:88	Silkworm	81:88	Silkworm (Bombyx mori)	81:102	Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a lepidopteran-holometabolic model organism.
25825269	2	55	from	instar	262:267	arg1	metabonome					236:245	the larval hemolymph metabonome	215:245	the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage	215:284	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	9	56	theme	nutrient	1351:1358	arg1	intakes					1360:1366	dietary nutrient intakes	1343:1366	dietary nutrient intakes	1343:1366	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	4	57	with	stages	637:642	arg1	exception					649:657	exception	649:657	exception	649:657	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
25825269	2	58	theme	H	295:295	arg1	spectroscopy					301:312	(1)H NMR spectroscopy	292:312	(1)H NMR spectroscopy	292:312	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	4	59	theme	abundant	596:603	arg1	metabolite					605:614	the most abundant metabolite	587:614	the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting	587:709	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
25825269	4	59	theme	abundant	596:603	arg1	Phosphorylcholine					565:581	Phosphorylcholine	565:581	Phosphorylcholine	565:581	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
25825269	2	60	theme	developmental	170:182	arg1	biochemistry					184:195	its developmental biochemistry	166:195	its developmental biochemistry	166:195	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	3	61	theme	first	525:529	arg1	time					531:534	the first time	521:534	the first time from the silkworm hemolymph	521:562	We unambiguously assigned more than 60 metabolites, among which tyrosine-o-β-glucuronide, mesaconate, homocarnosine, and picolinate were reported for the first time from the silkworm hemolymph.
25825269	5	62	theme	amino	898:902	arg1	acids					904:908	choline amino acids	890:908	choline amino acids	890:908	We also found obvious developmental dependence for the hemolymph metabonome involving multiple pathways including protein biosyntheses, glycolysis, TCA cycle, the metabolisms of choline amino acids, fatty acids, purines, and pyrimidines.
25825269	0	63	theme	Bombyx	64:69	arg1	mori					71:74	Bombyx mori	64:74	Bombyx mori L.	64:77	Developmental Changes for the Hemolymph Metabolome of Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.).
25825269	9	64	theme	energy	1424:1429	arg1	metabolism					1431:1440	energy metabolism	1424:1440	energy metabolism	1424:1440	The developmental changes of hemolymph metabonome were associated with dietary nutrient intakes, biosyntheses of cell membrane, pigments, proteins, and energy metabolism.
25825269	2	65	theme	acid	337:340	arg1	composition					342:352	hemolymph fatty acid composition	321:352	hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS	321:368	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	3	66	from	hemolymph	554:562	arg1	time					531:534	the first time	521:534	the first time from the silkworm hemolymph	521:562	We unambiguously assigned more than 60 metabolites, among which tyrosine-o-β-glucuronide, mesaconate, homocarnosine, and picolinate were reported for the first time from the silkworm hemolymph.
25825269	6	67	theme	feeding	1007:1013	arg1	period					1015:1020	the feeding period	1003:1020	the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage	1003:1059	Most hemolymph amino acids had two elevations during the feeding period of the fourth instar and prepupa stage.
25825269	4	68	from	metabolite	605:614	arg1	stages					637:642	all developmental stages	619:642	all developmental stages with exception	619:657	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
25825269	2	69	theme	hemolymph	226:234	arg1	metabonome					236:245	the larval hemolymph metabonome	215:245	the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage	215:284	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	2	70	theme	fatty	331:335	arg1	composition					342:352	hemolymph fatty acid composition	321:352	hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS	321:368	To understand its developmental biochemistry, we characterized the larval hemolymph metabonome from the third instar to prepupa stage using (1)H NMR spectroscopy whilst hemolymph fatty acid composition using GC-FID/MS.
25825269	8	71	theme	fatty	1246:1250	arg1	acids					1252:1256	dominant fatty acids	1237:1256	dominant fatty acids in hemolymph	1237:1269	C16:0, C18:0 and its unsaturated forms were dominant fatty acids in hemolymph.
25825269	4	72	theme	fourth	696:701	arg1	molting					703:709	the third and fourth molting	682:709	the third and fourth molting	682:709	Phosphorylcholine was the most abundant metabolite in all developmental stages with exception for the periods before the third and fourth molting.
26286266	13	0	theme	exit	1829:1832	arg1	°C					1851:1852	140 °C	1847:1852	140 °C	1847:1852	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	13	0	theme	exit	1829:1832	arg1	temperature					1834:1844	high barrel exit temperature	1817:1844	high barrel exit temperature (140 °C)	1817:1853	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	4	1	theme	flaxseed	598:605	arg1	meal					607:610	flaxseed meal	598:610	flaxseed meal	598:610	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	2	2	theme	saturated	357:365	arg1	acids					373:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	It provides favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
26286266	15	3	theme	negative	2238:2245	arg1	effect					2247:2252	negative effect	2238:2252	negative effect	2238:2252	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	12	4	theme	α-linolenic	1762:1772	arg1	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	16	5	theme	optimum	2371:2377	arg1	conditions					2379:2388	optimum conditions	2371:2388	optimum conditions	2371:2388	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	6	6	dep	METHODS	972:978	arg1	analyzed					1006:1013	analyzed	1006:1013	was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds	1002:1087	METHODS The raw flaxseed meal was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	13	7	theme	extrusion	1793:1801	arg1	processing					1803:1812	The extrusion processing	1789:1812	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C)	1789:1853	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	12	8	theme	contents	1779:1786	arg1	lipid					1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	8	theme	contents	1779:1786	arg1	amount					1714:1719	significant amount	1702:1719	significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents	1702:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	8	theme	contents	1779:1786	arg1	compounds					1741:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	8	theme	contents	1779:1786	arg1	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	10	9	theme	malondialdehyde	1536:1550	arg1	assay					1552:1556	malondialdehyde assay	1536:1556	malondialdehyde assay	1536:1556	Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by peroxide, free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, total volatiles and malondialdehyde assay.
26286266	16	10	theme	present	2312:2318	arg1	study					2320:2324	The present study	2308:2324	The present study	2308:2324	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	1	11	theme	meal	171:174	arg1	flaxseed					137:144	The full-fat flaxseed	124:144	The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal	124:174	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	12	12	theme	compounds	1741:1749	arg1	lipid					1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	12	theme	compounds	1741:1749	arg1	amount					1714:1719	significant amount	1702:1719	significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents	1702:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	12	theme	compounds	1741:1749	arg1	compounds					1741:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	12	theme	compounds	1741:1749	arg1	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	13	theme	lipid	1752:1756	arg1	lipid					1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	13	theme	lipid	1752:1756	arg1	amount					1714:1719	significant amount	1702:1719	significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents	1702:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	13	theme	lipid	1752:1756	arg1	compounds					1741:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	13	theme	lipid	1752:1756	arg1	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	4	14	theme	compounds	656:664	arg1	presence					627:634	the presence	623:634	the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method	623:726	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	14	15	theme	days	2109:2112	arg1	end					2099:2101	the end	2095:2101	the end of 60 days	2095:2112	The α-linolenic acid content and lipid peroxidation did not significantly change after extrusion processing or during storage at the end of 60 days.
26286266	5	16	theme	present	733:739	arg1	work					750:753	The present research work	729:753	The present research work	729:753	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	3	17	theme	toxic	521:525	arg1	compounds					527:535	toxic compounds	521:535	toxic compounds	521:535	However, flaxseed meal may be susceptible to oxidation by exposure to various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds to human health.
26286266	5	18	theme	functional	868:877	arg1	characteristics					879:893	functional characteristics	868:893	functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes	868:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	18	theme	functional	868:877	arg1	attributes					960:969	sensory attributes	952:969	sensory attributes	952:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	18	theme	functional	868:877	arg1	peroxidation					935:946	lipid peroxidation	929:946	lipid peroxidation	929:946	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	18	theme	functional	868:877	arg1	content					920:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	8	19	theme	feed	1241:1244	arg1	rate					1246:1249	feed rate	1241:1249	feed rate (30-90 kg/h)	1241:1262	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	8	19	theme	feed	1241:1244	arg1	kg/h					1258:1261	30-90 kg/h	1252:1261	30-90 kg/h	1252:1261	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	16	20	theme	various	2534:2540	arg1	products					2552:2559	various healthier products	2534:2559	various healthier products	2534:2559	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	5	21	theme	flaxseed	851:858	arg1	meal					860:863	full-fat flaxseed meal	842:863	full-fat flaxseed meal	842:863	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	6	22	theme	flaxseed	988:995	arg1	meal					997:1000	The raw flaxseed meal	980:1000	The raw flaxseed meal	980:1000	METHODS The raw flaxseed meal was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	7	23	theme	acids	1096:1100	arg1	composition					1102:1112	Fatty acids composition	1090:1112	Fatty acids composition	1090:1112	Fatty acids composition was quantified by gas chromatography.
26286266	15	24	theme	consumer	2272:2279	arg1	acceptability					2281:2293	lowest consumer acceptability	2265:2293	lowest consumer acceptability	2265:2293	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	12	25	theme	anti-nutritional	1724:1739	arg1	compounds					1741:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	8	26	theme	anti-nutritional	1309:1324	arg1	compounds					1326:1334	anti-nutritional compounds	1309:1334	anti-nutritional compounds	1309:1334	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	5	27	theme	meal	860:863	arg1	storage					831:837	storage	831:837	storage	831:837	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	27	theme	meal	860:863	arg1	conditions					816:825	extrusion processing conditions	795:825	extrusion processing conditions	795:825	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	28	theme	lipid	929:933	arg1	peroxidation					935:946	lipid peroxidation	929:946	lipid peroxidation	929:946	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	12	29	theme	flaxseed	1678:1685	arg1	meal					1687:1690	The raw flaxseed meal	1670:1690	The raw flaxseed meal	1670:1690	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	6	30	theme	mucilage	1053:1060	arg1	compounds					1079:1087	mucilage anti-nutritional compounds	1053:1087	mucilage anti-nutritional compounds	1053:1087	METHODS The raw flaxseed meal was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	10	31	theme	Lipid	1434:1438	arg1	peroxidation					1440:1451	Lipid peroxidation	1434:1451	Lipid peroxidation	1434:1451	Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by peroxide, free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, total volatiles and malondialdehyde assay.
26286266	5	32	theme	extrusion	795:803	arg1	conditions					816:825	extrusion processing conditions	795:825	extrusion processing conditions	795:825	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	0	33	theme	full-fat	89:96	arg1	meal					107:110	full-fat flaxseed meal	89:110	full-fat flaxseed meal	89:110	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	1	34	dep	BACKGROUND	113:122	arg1	obtained					180:187	obtained	180:187	has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products	176:284	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	0	35	theme	meal	107:110	arg1	stability					76:84	storage stability	68:84	storage stability	68:84	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	0	35	theme	meal	107:110	arg1	peroxidation					51:62	lipid peroxidation	45:62	lipid peroxidation	45:62	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	16	36	dep	CONCLUSIONS	2296:2306	arg1	suggested					2326:2334	suggested	2326:2334	suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products	2326:2559	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	3	37	theme	flaxseed	389:396	arg1	meal					398:401	flaxseed meal	389:401	flaxseed meal	389:401	However, flaxseed meal may be susceptible to oxidation by exposure to various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds to human health.
26286266	13	38	theme	cyanogenic	1881:1890	arg1	compounds					1892:1900	the cyanogenic compounds	1877:1900	the cyanogenic compounds (84 %)	1877:1907	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	13	38	theme	cyanogenic	1881:1890	arg1	%					1906:1906	84 %	1903:1906	84 %	1903:1906	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	5	39	theme	full-fat	842:849	arg1	meal					860:863	full-fat flaxseed meal	842:863	full-fat flaxseed meal	842:863	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	1	40	theme	healthier	267:275	arg1	products					277:284	healthier products	267:284	healthier products	267:284	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	10	41	theme	fatty	1484:1488	arg1	acids					1490:1494	free fatty acids	1479:1494	free fatty acids	1479:1494	Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by peroxide, free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, total volatiles and malondialdehyde assay.
26286266	0	42	theme	extrusion	10:18	arg1	processing					20:29	extrusion processing	10:29	extrusion processing	10:29	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	15	43	theme	days	2196:2199	arg1	end					2186:2188	the end	2182:2188	the end of 90 days	2182:2199	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	4	44	theme	processing	710:719	arg1	method					721:726	appropriate processing method	698:726	appropriate processing method	698:726	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	12	45	contain	possessed	1692:1700	arg1	meal					1687:1690	The raw flaxseed meal	1670:1690	The raw flaxseed meal	1670:1690	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	45	contain	possessed	1692:1700	arg2	compounds					1741:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	45	contain	possessed	1692:1700	arg2	amount					1714:1719	significant amount	1702:1719	significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents	1702:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	45	contain	possessed	1692:1700	arg2	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	45	contain	possessed	1692:1700	arg2	lipid					1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	3	46	theme	various	450:456	arg1	conditions					466:475	various storage conditions	450:475	various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds	450:535	However, flaxseed meal may be susceptible to oxidation by exposure to various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds to human health.
26286266	5	47	theme	conditions	816:825	arg1	impact					785:790	the impact	781:790	the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes	781:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	16	48	theme	full-fat	2445:2452	arg1	meal					2463:2466	full-fat flaxseed meal	2445:2466	full-fat flaxseed meal	2445:2466	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	14	49	theme	lipid	1999:2003	arg1	peroxidation					2005:2016	lipid peroxidation	1999:2016	lipid peroxidation	1999:2016	The α-linolenic acid content and lipid peroxidation did not significantly change after extrusion processing or during storage at the end of 60 days.
26286266	11	50	theme	overall	1576:1582	arg1	acceptability					1584:1596	overall acceptability	1576:1596	overall acceptability	1576:1596	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	5	51	theme	storage	831:837	arg1	impact					785:790	the impact	781:790	the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes	781:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	16	52	theme	meal	2463:2466	arg1	stability					2432:2440	the stability	2428:2440	the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal	2428:2466	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	11	53	theme	aroma	1566:1570	arg1	attributes					1598:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes	1559:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes	1559:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	8	54	theme	barrel	1177:1182	arg1	temperature					1189:1199	barrel exit temperature	1177:1199	barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C)	1177:1212	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	8	54	theme	barrel	1177:1182	arg1	°C					1210:1211	100-140 °C	1202:1211	100-140 °C	1202:1211	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	13	55	theme	high	1817:1820	arg1	°C					1851:1852	140 °C	1847:1852	140 °C	1847:1852	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	13	55	theme	high	1817:1820	arg1	temperature					1834:1844	high barrel exit temperature	1817:1844	high barrel exit temperature (140 °C)	1817:1853	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	12	56	dep	RESULTS	1662:1668	arg1	possessed					1692:1700	possessed	1692:1700	possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents	1692:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	5	57	theme	α-linolenic	903:913	arg1	content					920:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	10	58	theme	total	1516:1520	arg1	volatiles					1522:1530	total volatiles	1516:1530	total volatiles	1516:1530	Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by peroxide, free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, total volatiles and malondialdehyde assay.
26286266	11	59	theme	comparison	1644:1653	arg1	tests					1655:1659	sensory multiple comparison tests	1627:1659	sensory multiple comparison tests	1627:1659	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	13	60	theme	flaxseed	1951:1958	arg1	meal					1960:1963	the flaxseed meal	1947:1963	the flaxseed meal	1947:1963	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	2	61	theme	fatty	367:371	arg1	acids					373:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	It provides favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
26286266	9	62	theme	room	1406:1409	arg1	conditions					1411:1420	room conditions	1406:1420	room conditions (20-25 °C)	1406:1431	The raw and extruded meals were stored for a ninety-day period under room conditions (20-25 °C).
26286266	9	62	theme	room	1406:1409	arg1	°C					1429:1430	20-25 °C	1423:1430	20-25 °C	1423:1430	The raw and extruded meals were stored for a ninety-day period under room conditions (20-25 °C).
26286266	12	63	theme	acid	1774:1777	arg1	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	1	64	theme	new	200:202	arg1	concept					215:221	relatively new flourished concept	189:221	relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products	189:284	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	11	65	theme	sensory	1627:1633	arg1	tests					1655:1659	sensory multiple comparison tests	1627:1659	sensory multiple comparison tests	1627:1659	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	15	66	theme	extruded	2211:2218	arg1	samples					2220:2226	only the extruded samples	2202:2226	only the extruded samples	2202:2226	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	4	67	theme	meal	607:610	arg1	application					583:593	the application	579:593	the application of flaxseed meal	579:610	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	3	68	theme	human	540:544	arg1	health					546:551	human health	540:551	human health	540:551	However, flaxseed meal may be susceptible to oxidation by exposure to various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds to human health.
26286266	8	69	theme	screw	1215:1219	arg1	rpm					1235:1237	50-150 rpm	1228:1237	50-150 rpm	1228:1237	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	8	69	theme	screw	1215:1219	arg1	speed					1221:1225	screw speed	1215:1225	screw speed (50-150 rpm)	1215:1238	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	11	70	theme	Color	1559:1563	arg1	attributes					1598:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes	1559:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes	1559:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	5	71	theme	acid	915:918	arg1	content					920:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	6	72	theme	cyanogenic	1019:1028	arg1	glycosides					1030:1039	cyanogenic glycosides	1019:1039	cyanogenic glycosides	1019:1039	METHODS The raw flaxseed meal was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	0	73	theme	lipid	45:49	arg1	peroxidation					51:62	lipid peroxidation	45:62	lipid peroxidation	45:62	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	7	74	theme	gas	1132:1134	arg1	chromatography					1136:1149	gas chromatography	1132:1149	gas chromatography	1132:1149	Fatty acids composition was quantified by gas chromatography.
26286266	2	75	theme	favorable	299:307	arg1	balance					309:315	favorable balance	299:315	favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	299:377	It provides favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
26286266	16	76	from	conditions	2379:2388	arg1	ingredient					2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	76	from	conditions	2379:2388	arg1	supplement					2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	76	from	conditions	2379:2388	arg1	extrusion					2341:2349	extrusion	2341:2349	extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days	2341:2411	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	77	theme	healthier	2542:2550	arg1	products					2552:2559	various healthier products	2534:2559	various healthier products	2534:2559	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	4	78	theme	anti-nutritional	639:654	arg1	compounds					656:664	anti-nutritional compounds	639:664	anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method	639:726	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	5	79	theme	research	741:748	arg1	work					750:753	The present research work	729:753	The present research work	729:753	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	1	80	theme	flourished	204:213	arg1	concept					215:221	relatively new flourished concept	189:221	relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products	189:284	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	14	81	from	end	2099:2101	arg1	processing					2063:2072	extrusion processing	2053:2072	extrusion processing	2053:2072	The α-linolenic acid content and lipid peroxidation did not significantly change after extrusion processing or during storage at the end of 60 days.
26286266	5	82	theme	sensory	952:958	arg1	attributes					960:969	sensory attributes	952:969	sensory attributes	952:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	6	83	theme	raw	984:986	arg1	meal					997:1000	The raw flaxseed meal	980:1000	The raw flaxseed meal	980:1000	METHODS The raw flaxseed meal was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	7	84	theme	Fatty	1090:1094	arg1	acids					1096:1100	Fatty acids	1090:1100	Fatty acids composition	1090:1112	Fatty acids composition was quantified by gas chromatography.
26286266	13	85	from	temperature	1834:1844	arg1	processing					1803:1812	The extrusion processing	1789:1812	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C)	1789:1853	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	1	86	theme	full-fat	128:135	arg1	flaxseed					137:144	The full-fat flaxseed	124:144	The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal	124:174	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	12	87	theme	significant	1702:1712	arg1	lipid					1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	lipid	1752:1756	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	87	theme	significant	1702:1712	arg1	amount					1714:1719	significant amount	1702:1719	significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents	1702:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	87	theme	significant	1702:1712	arg1	compounds					1741:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	anti-nutritional compounds	1724:1749	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	12	87	theme	significant	1702:1712	arg1	contents					1779:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	α-linolenic acid contents	1762:1786	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	0	88	theme	storage	68:74	arg1	stability					76:84	storage stability	68:84	storage stability	68:84	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	5	89	from	impact	785:790	arg1	characteristics					879:893	functional characteristics	868:893	functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes	868:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	89	from	impact	785:790	arg1	attributes					960:969	sensory attributes	952:969	sensory attributes	952:969	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	89	from	impact	785:790	arg1	peroxidation					935:946	lipid peroxidation	929:946	lipid peroxidation	929:946	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	5	89	from	impact	785:790	arg1	content					920:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	α-linolenic acid content	903:926	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	6	90	theme	anti-nutritional	1062:1077	arg1	compounds					1079:1087	mucilage anti-nutritional compounds	1053:1087	mucilage anti-nutritional compounds	1053:1087	METHODS The raw flaxseed meal was analyzed for cyanogenic glycosides, tannin and mucilage anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	15	91	from	Fluctuations	2115:2126	arg1	attributes					2139:2148	sensory attributes	2131:2148	sensory attributes	2131:2148	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	4	92	theme	appropriate	698:708	arg1	method					721:726	appropriate processing method	698:726	appropriate processing method	698:726	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	15	93	theme	sensory	2131:2137	arg1	attributes					2139:2148	sensory attributes	2131:2148	sensory attributes	2131:2148	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	12	94	theme	raw	1674:1676	arg1	meal					1687:1690	The raw flaxseed meal	1670:1690	The raw flaxseed meal	1670:1690	RESULTS The raw flaxseed meal possessed significant amount of anti-nutritional compounds, lipid and α-linolenic acid contents.
26286266	8	95	theme	compounds	1326:1334	arg1	reduction					1296:1304	reduction	1296:1304	reduction of anti-nutritional compounds	1296:1334	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	0	96	theme	flaxseed	98:105	arg1	meal					107:110	full-fat flaxseed meal	89:110	full-fat flaxseed meal	89:110	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	14	97	theme	α-linolenic	1970:1980	arg1	content					1987:1993	The α-linolenic acid content	1966:1993	The α-linolenic acid content	1966:1993	The α-linolenic acid content and lipid peroxidation did not significantly change after extrusion processing or during storage at the end of 60 days.
26286266	8	98	theme	feed	1268:1271	arg1	moisture					1273:1280	feed moisture	1268:1280	feed moisture (10-30 %)	1268:1290	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	8	98	theme	feed	1268:1271	arg1	%					1289:1289	10-30 %	1283:1289	10-30 %	1283:1289	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	14	99	theme	extrusion	2053:2061	arg1	processing					2063:2072	extrusion processing	2053:2072	extrusion processing	2053:2072	The α-linolenic acid content and lipid peroxidation did not significantly change after extrusion processing or during storage at the end of 60 days.
26286266	15	100	theme	lowest	2265:2270	arg1	acceptability					2281:2293	lowest consumer acceptability	2265:2293	lowest consumer acceptability	2265:2293	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	0	101	theme	processing	20:29	arg1	Impact					0:5	Impact	0:5	Impact of extrusion processing	0:29	Impact of extrusion processing conditions on lipid peroxidation and storage stability of full-fat flaxseed meal.
26286266	1	102	theme	products	277:284	arg1	development					252:262	the development	248:262	the development of healthier products	248:284	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	16	103	theme	meal	2363:2366	arg1	ingredient					2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	103	theme	meal	2363:2366	arg1	supplement					2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	103	theme	meal	2363:2366	arg1	extrusion					2341:2349	extrusion	2341:2349	extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days	2341:2411	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	10	104	theme	free	1479:1482	arg1	acids					1490:1494	free fatty acids	1479:1494	free fatty acids	1479:1494	Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by peroxide, free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, total volatiles and malondialdehyde assay.
26286266	16	105	from	stored	2394:2399	arg1	ingredient					2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	105	from	stored	2394:2399	arg1	supplement					2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	105	from	stored	2394:2399	arg1	extrusion					2341:2349	extrusion	2341:2349	extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days	2341:2411	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	5	106	theme	processing	805:814	arg1	conditions					816:825	extrusion processing conditions	795:825	extrusion processing conditions	795:825	The present research work was conducted to evaluate the impact of extrusion processing conditions and storage of full-fat flaxseed meal on functional characteristics such as α-linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and sensory attributes.
26286266	9	107	theme	extruded	1349:1356	arg1	meals					1358:1362	extruded meals	1349:1362	extruded meals	1349:1362	The raw and extruded meals were stored for a ninety-day period under room conditions (20-25 °C).
26286266	16	108	used	used	2479:2482	arg2	conditions					2379:2388	optimum conditions	2371:2388	optimum conditions	2371:2388	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	108	used	used	2479:2482	arg2	ingredient					2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	ingredient	2501:2510	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	108	used	used	2479:2482	arg2	supplement					2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	supplement	2487:2496	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	108	used	used	2479:2482	arg2	stored					2394:2399	stored	2394:2399	stored	2394:2399	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	16	108	used	used	2479:2482	arg2	extrusion					2341:2349	extrusion	2341:2349	extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days	2341:2411	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	15	109	attach	presented	2228:2236	arg1	end					2186:2188	the end	2182:2188	the end of 90 days	2182:2199	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	15	109	attach	presented	2228:2236	arg2	samples					2220:2226	only the extruded samples	2202:2226	only the extruded samples	2202:2226	Fluctuations in sensory attributes occurred during storage, but at the end of 90 days, only the extruded samples presented negative effect and showed lowest consumer acceptability.
26286266	3	110	theme	storage	458:464	arg1	conditions					466:475	various storage conditions	450:475	various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds	450:535	However, flaxseed meal may be susceptible to oxidation by exposure to various storage conditions which is extremely undesirable and produces toxic compounds to human health.
26286266	10	111	theme	conjugated	1497:1506	arg1	dienes					1508:1513	conjugated dienes	1497:1513	conjugated dienes	1497:1513	Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by peroxide, free fatty acids, conjugated dienes, total volatiles and malondialdehyde assay.
26286266	1	112	dep	meal	171:174	arg1	L.					167:168	Linum usitatissimum L.	147:168	Linum usitatissimum L.	147:168	BACKGROUND The full-fat flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) meal has obtained relatively new flourished concept as food or feedstuff for the development of healthier products.
26286266	16	113	theme	flaxseed	2354:2361	arg1	meal					2363:2366	flaxseed meal	2354:2366	flaxseed meal	2354:2366	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	2	114	theme	monounsaturated	337:351	arg1	acids					373:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	It provides favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
26286266	8	115	theme	exit	1184:1187	arg1	temperature					1189:1199	barrel exit temperature	1177:1199	barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C)	1177:1212	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	8	115	theme	exit	1184:1187	arg1	°C					1210:1211	100-140 °C	1202:1211	100-140 °C	1202:1211	The meal was extruded at barrel exit temperature (100-140 °C), screw speed (50-150 rpm), feed rate (30-90 kg/h) and feed moisture (10-30 %) for reduction of anti-nutritional compounds.
26286266	16	116	theme	flaxseed	2454:2461	arg1	meal					2463:2466	full-fat flaxseed meal	2445:2466	full-fat flaxseed meal	2445:2466	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
26286266	14	117	theme	acid	1982:1985	arg1	content					1987:1993	The α-linolenic acid content	1966:1993	The α-linolenic acid content	1966:1993	The α-linolenic acid content and lipid peroxidation did not significantly change after extrusion processing or during storage at the end of 60 days.
26286266	4	118	from	consideration	562:574	arg1	application					583:593	the application	579:593	the application of flaxseed meal	579:610	Another consideration in the application of flaxseed meal relates to the presence of anti-nutritional compounds that need to be minimized using appropriate processing method.
26286266	2	119	theme	polyunsaturated	320:334	arg1	acids					373:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	320:377	It provides favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
26286266	9	120	theme	ninety-day	1382:1391	arg1	period					1393:1398	a ninety-day period	1380:1398	a ninety-day period under room conditions (20-25 °C)	1380:1431	The raw and extruded meals were stored for a ninety-day period under room conditions (20-25 °C).
26286266	13	121	theme	barrel	1822:1827	arg1	°C					1851:1852	140 °C	1847:1852	140 °C	1847:1852	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	13	121	theme	barrel	1822:1827	arg1	temperature					1834:1844	high barrel exit temperature	1817:1844	high barrel exit temperature (140 °C)	1817:1853	The extrusion processing at high barrel exit temperature (140 °C) significantly reduced the cyanogenic compounds (84 %), tannin (73 %) and mucilage (27 %) in the flaxseed meal.
26286266	11	122	theme	multiple	1635:1642	arg1	tests					1655:1659	sensory multiple comparison tests	1627:1659	sensory multiple comparison tests	1627:1659	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	11	123	theme	acceptability	1584:1596	arg1	attributes					1598:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes	1559:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes	1559:1607	Color, aroma and overall acceptability attributes were evaluated by sensory multiple comparison tests.
26286266	2	124	theme	acids	373:377	arg1	balance					309:315	favorable balance	299:315	favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids	299:377	It provides favorable balance of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids.
26286266	16	125	theme	products	2552:2559	arg1	production					2520:2529	the production	2516:2529	the production of various healthier products	2516:2559	CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that extrusion of flaxseed meal at optimum conditions and stored for 60 days did not change the stability of full-fat flaxseed meal and can be used as supplement or ingredient for the production of various healthier products.
24830736	6	0	theme	key	1364:1366	arg1	parameters					1368:1377	key parameters	1364:1377	key parameters	1364:1377	Broadly, these results demonstrate the utility of combining modeling and sensitivity analysis to identify key parameters and/or targets for experimental improvement.
24830736	3	1	with	consistent	523:532	arg1	observations					552:563	experimental observations	539:563	experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems	539:632	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	4	2	theme	model	766:770	arg1	results					772:778	model results	766:778	model results	766:778	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	5	3	theme	complexed	1229:1237	arg1	nature					1190:1195	the nature	1186:1195	(3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed)	1182:1255	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	2	4	theme	stochastic	338:347	arg1	models					349:354	stochastic models	338:354	stochastic models	338:354	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	2	4	theme	stochastic	338:347	arg1	mechanisms					429:438	enzymatic mechanisms	419:438	enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity	419:498	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	3	5	from	efficiency	575:584	arg1	systems					599:605	complexed systems	589:605	complexed systems	589:605	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	3	6	theme	efficiency	575:584	arg1	observations					552:563	experimental observations	539:563	experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems	539:632	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	4	7	theme	sensitivity	736:746	arg1	GSA					758:760	GSA	758:760	GSA	758:760	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	4	7	theme	sensitivity	736:746	arg1	analysis					748:755	Global sensitivity analysis	729:755	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results	729:778	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	4	8	theme	hydrolysis	838:847	arg1	efficiency					849:858	overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency	820:858	overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition	820:963	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	4	9	theme	key	791:793	arg1	parameters					795:804	key parameters	791:804	key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition	791:963	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	6	10	theme	sensitivity	1331:1341	arg1	analysis					1343:1350	sensitivity analysis	1331:1350	sensitivity analysis	1331:1350	Broadly, these results demonstrate the utility of combining modeling and sensitivity analysis to identify key parameters and/or targets for experimental improvement.
24830736	5	11	dep	concentration	1163:1175	arg1	2					1141:1141	2	1141:1141	2	1141:1141	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	12	theme	following	979:987	arg1	parameters					989:998	the following parameters	975:998	the following parameters	975:998	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	3	13	from	observations	552:563	arg1	systems					599:605	complexed systems	589:605	complexed systems	589:605	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	2	14	theme	hydrolysis	397:406	arg1	models					349:354	stochastic models	338:354	stochastic models	338:354	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	2	14	theme	hydrolysis	397:406	arg1	mechanisms					429:438	enzymatic mechanisms	419:438	enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity	419:498	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	4	15	dep	composition	953:963	arg1	3					936:936	3	936:936	3	936:936	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	3	16	theme	higher	568:573	arg1	efficiency					575:584	higher efficiency	568:584	higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems	568:632	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	2	17	theme	cellulose	387:395	arg1	hydrolysis					397:406	non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis	373:406	non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis	373:406	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	0	18	theme	novel	10:14	arg1	systems					26:32	novel cellulase systems	10:32	novel cellulase systems	10:32	Designing novel cellulase systems through agent-based modeling and global sensitivity analysis.
24830736	5	19	theme	culture	1131:1137	arg1	nature					1190:1195	the nature	1186:1195	(3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed)	1182:1255	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	19	theme	culture	1131:1137	arg1	rate					1119:1122	the glucose uptake rate	1100:1122	(1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture	1096:1137	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	19	theme	culture	1131:1137	arg1	concentration					1163:1175	the bacterial cell concentration	1144:1175	(2) the bacterial cell concentration	1140:1175	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	4	20	theme	exoglucanase	908:919	arg1	activity					921:928	the exoglucanase activity	904:928	(2) the exoglucanase activity	900:928	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	2	21	used	used	324:327	arg2	ABM					315:317	ABM	315:317	ABM	315:317	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	2	21	used	used	324:327	arg2	modeling					305:312	agent-based modeling	293:312	agent-based modeling (ABM)	293:318	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	1	22	theme	Experimental	96:107	arg1	techniques					109:118	Experimental techniques	96:118	Experimental techniques	96:118	Experimental techniques allow engineering of biological systems to modify functionality; however, there still remains a need to develop tools to prioritize targets for modification.
24830736	2	23	theme	non-complexed	373:385	arg1	hydrolysis					397:406	non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis	373:406	non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis	373:406	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	3	24	theme	non-complexed	612:624	arg1	systems					626:632	non-complexed systems	612:632	non-complexed systems	612:632	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	5	25	dep	rate	1119:1122	arg1	1					1097:1097	1	1097:1097	1	1097:1097	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	26	theme	uptake	1112:1117	arg1	rate					1119:1122	the glucose uptake rate	1100:1122	(1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture	1096:1137	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	3	27	theme	complexed	589:597	arg1	systems					599:605	complexed systems	589:605	complexed systems	589:605	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	0	28	theme	cellulase	16:24	arg1	systems					26:32	novel cellulase systems	10:32	novel cellulase systems	10:32	Designing novel cellulase systems through agent-based modeling and global sensitivity analysis.
24830736	2	29	theme	complexed	359:367	arg1	models					349:354	stochastic models	338:354	stochastic models	338:354	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	2	29	theme	complexed	359:367	arg1	mechanisms					429:438	enzymatic mechanisms	419:438	enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity	419:498	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	4	30	theme	overall	820:826	arg1	efficiency					849:858	overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency	820:858	overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition	820:963	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	2	31	theme	enzymatic	419:427	arg1	mechanisms					429:438	enzymatic mechanisms	419:438	enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity	419:498	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	0	32	theme	agent-based	42:52	arg1	modeling					54:61	agent-based modeling	42:61	agent-based modeling	42:61	Designing novel cellulase systems through agent-based modeling and global sensitivity analysis.
24830736	4	33	theme	results	772:778	arg1	GSA					758:760	GSA	758:760	GSA	758:760	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	4	33	theme	results	772:778	arg1	analysis					748:755	Global sensitivity analysis	729:755	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results	729:778	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	5	34	theme	consolidated	1065:1076	arg1	bioprocess					1078:1087	a consolidated bioprocess	1063:1087	a consolidated bioprocess (CBP)	1063:1093	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	34	theme	consolidated	1065:1076	arg1	CBP					1090:1092	CBP	1090:1092	CBP	1090:1092	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	4	35	dep	half-life	889:897	arg1	1					872:872	1	872:872	1	872:872	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	2	36	theme	β-glucosidase	477:489	arg1	activity					491:498	β-glucosidase activity	477:498	β-glucosidase activity	477:498	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	6	37	theme	experimental	1398:1409	arg1	improvement					1411:1421	experimental improvement	1398:1421	experimental improvement	1398:1421	Broadly, these results demonstrate the utility of combining modeling and sensitivity analysis to identify key parameters and/or targets for experimental improvement.
24830736	5	38	theme	glucose	1104:1110	arg1	rate					1119:1122	the glucose uptake rate	1100:1122	(1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture	1096:1137	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	4	39	theme	cellulase	879:887	arg1	half-life					889:897	the cellulase half-life	875:897	: (1) the cellulase half-life	869:897	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	4	40	theme	cellulose	828:836	arg1	efficiency					849:858	overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency	820:858	overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition	820:963	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	5	41	theme	bacterial	1148:1156	arg1	concentration					1163:1175	the bacterial cell concentration	1144:1175	(2) the bacterial cell concentration	1140:1175	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	3	42	theme	overall	709:715	arg1	efficiency					717:726	overall efficiency	709:726	overall efficiency	709:726	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	4	43	dep	activity	921:928	arg1	2					901:901	2	901:901	2	901:901	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	5	44	theme	cell	1158:1161	arg1	concentration					1163:1175	the bacterial cell concentration	1144:1175	(2) the bacterial cell concentration	1140:1175	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	45	dep	nature	1190:1195	arg1	3					1183:1183	3	1183:1183	3	1183:1183	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	1	46	theme	biological	141:150	arg1	systems					152:158	biological systems	141:158	biological systems	141:158	Experimental techniques allow engineering of biological systems to modify functionality; however, there still remains a need to develop tools to prioritize targets for modification.
24830736	4	47	theme	cellulase	943:951	arg1	composition					953:963	the cellulase composition	939:963	(3) the cellulase composition	935:963	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	5	48	theme	cellulose	1038:1046	arg1	consumption					1048:1058	cellulose consumption	1038:1058	cellulose consumption	1038:1058	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	3	49	theme	cellulolytic	681:692	arg1	mechanisms					694:703	specific cellulolytic mechanisms	672:703	specific cellulolytic mechanisms	672:703	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	1	50	theme	systems	152:158	arg1	engineering					126:136	engineering	126:136	engineering of biological systems	126:158	Experimental techniques allow engineering of biological systems to modify functionality; however, there still remains a need to develop tools to prioritize targets for modification.
24830736	3	51	from	systems	599:605	arg1	observations					552:563	experimental observations	539:563	experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems	539:632	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	2	52	theme	agent-based	293:303	arg1	ABM					315:317	ABM	315:317	ABM	315:317	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	2	52	theme	agent-based	293:303	arg1	modeling					305:312	agent-based modeling	293:312	agent-based modeling (ABM)	293:318	In this study, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used to build stochastic models of complexed and non-complexed cellulose hydrolysis, including enzymatic mechanisms for endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase activity.
24830736	3	53	theme	Modeling	501:508	arg1	results					510:516	Modeling results	501:516	Modeling results	501:516	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	5	54	theme	cellulase	1204:1212	arg1	system					1221:1226	the cellulase enzyme system	1200:1226	the cellulase enzyme system	1200:1226	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	0	55	theme	sensitivity	74:84	arg1	analysis					86:93	global sensitivity analysis	67:93	global sensitivity analysis	67:93	Designing novel cellulase systems through agent-based modeling and global sensitivity analysis.
24830736	5	56	theme	non-complexed	1242:1254	arg1	nature					1190:1195	the nature	1186:1195	(3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed)	1182:1255	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	3	57	theme	experimental	539:550	arg1	observations					552:563	experimental observations	539:563	experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems	539:632	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	4	58	theme	Global	729:734	arg1	GSA					758:760	GSA	758:760	GSA	758:760	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	4	58	theme	Global	729:734	arg1	analysis					748:755	Global sensitivity analysis	729:755	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results	729:778	Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of model results identified key parameters for improving overall cellulose hydrolysis efficiency including: (1) the cellulase half-life, (2) the exoglucanase activity, and (3) the cellulase composition.
24830736	5	59	theme	enzyme	1214:1219	arg1	system					1221:1226	the cellulase enzyme system	1200:1226	the cellulase enzyme system	1200:1226	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	0	60	theme	global	67:72	arg1	analysis					86:93	global sensitivity analysis	67:93	global sensitivity analysis	67:93	Designing novel cellulase systems through agent-based modeling and global sensitivity analysis.
24830736	3	61	theme	specific	672:679	arg1	mechanisms					694:703	specific cellulolytic mechanisms	672:703	specific cellulolytic mechanisms	672:703	Modeling results were consistent with experimental observations of higher efficiency in complexed systems than non-complexed systems and established relationships between specific cellulolytic mechanisms and overall efficiency.
24830736	5	62	theme	system	1221:1226	arg1	nature					1190:1195	the nature	1186:1195	(3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed)	1182:1255	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	62	theme	system	1221:1226	arg1	rate					1119:1122	the glucose uptake rate	1100:1122	(1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture	1096:1137	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
24830736	5	62	theme	system	1221:1226	arg1	concentration					1163:1175	the bacterial cell concentration	1144:1175	(2) the bacterial cell concentration	1140:1175	Overall, the following parameters were found to significantly influence cellulose consumption in a consolidated bioprocess (CBP): (1) the glucose uptake rate of the culture, (2) the bacterial cell concentration, and (3) the nature of the cellulase enzyme system (complexed or non-complexed).
27485503	4	0	theme	biosensor	1002:1010	arg1	behavior					975:982	The electrochemical behavior	955:982	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor	955:1010	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	4	1	theme	cyclic	1032:1037	arg1	voltammetry					1039:1049	cyclic voltammetry	1032:1049	cyclic voltammetry (CV)	1032:1054	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	4	1	theme	cyclic	1032:1037	arg1	CV					1052:1053	CV	1052:1053	CV	1052:1053	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	3	2	theme	surface	834:840	arg1	porosities					842:851	the surface porosities	830:851	the surface porosities of the film	830:863	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	1	3	theme	high-performance	512:527	arg1	biosensor					537:545	a high-performance glucose biosensor	510:545	a high-performance glucose biosensor	510:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	6	4	theme	serum	1593:1597	arg1	samples					1599:1605	real serum samples	1588:1605	real serum samples	1588:1605	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	1	5	theme	-Nafion	229:235	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	3	6	theme	film	860:863	arg1	porosities					842:851	the surface porosities	830:851	the surface porosities of the film	830:863	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	1	7	theme	Nf	238:239	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	8	theme	chitosan-glucose	435:450	arg1	immobilization					469:482	chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization	435:482	chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	435:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	6	9	theme	glucose	1563:1569	arg1	concentration					1571:1583	glucose concentration	1563:1583	glucose concentration	1563:1583	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	5	10	theme	5μM	1356:1358	arg1	range					1294:1298	the linear range	1283:1298	the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992)	1283:1324	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	5	10	theme	5μM	1356:1358	arg1	limit					1347:1351	a low detection limit	1331:1351	a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1331:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	5	10	theme	5μM	1356:1358	arg1	-2					1278:1279	-2	1278:1279	-2	1278:1279	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	5	10	theme	5μM	1356:1358	arg1	cm					1275:1276	2860.3μAmM(-1)cm	1261:1276	2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2)	1261:1280	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	7	11	theme	glucose	1696:1702	arg1	sensing					1704:1710	glucose sensing	1696:1710	glucose sensing	1696:1710	Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
27485503	4	12	theme	electrochemical	1057:1071	arg1	EIS					1097:1099	EIS	1097:1099	EIS	1097:1099	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	4	12	theme	electrochemical	1057:1071	arg1	spectroscopy					1083:1094	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	1057:1094	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	1057:1100	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	3	13	theme	structural	690:699	arg1	characterization					701:716	The structural characterization	686:716	The structural characterization	686:716	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	1	14	theme	carbon	270:275	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	2	15	theme	enzyme-loading	659:672	arg1	efficiency					674:683	the enzyme-loading efficiency	655:683	the enzyme-loading efficiency	655:683	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency.
27485503	1	16	theme	glassy	331:336	arg1	GCE					356:358	GCE	356:358	GCE	356:358	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	16	theme	glassy	331:336	arg1	electrode					345:353	the glassy carbon electrode	327:353	the glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	327:359	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	17	theme	electroactive	175:187	arg1	film					204:207	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film	166:207	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	166:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	5	18	theme	detection	1337:1345	arg1	limit					1347:1351	a low detection limit	1331:1351	a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1331:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	5	19	theme	bio-nanohybrid	1190:1203	arg1	film					1205:1208	bio-nanohybrid film	1190:1208	bio-nanohybrid film	1190:1208	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	7	20	theme	efficient	1652:1660	arg1	platform					1683:1690	an efficient and highly sensitive platform	1649:1690	an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing	1649:1710	Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
27485503	5	21	dep	4.7mM	1306:1310	arg1	up					1300:1301	up	1300:1301	up	1300:1301	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	6	22	theme	resulting	1416:1424	arg1	biosensor					1426:1434	the resulting biosensor	1412:1434	the resulting biosensor	1412:1434	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	1	23	theme	polypyrrole	212:222	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	2	24	theme	as-fabricated	552:564	arg1	composite					577:585	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite	548:585	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite	548:585	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency.
27485503	1	25	theme	carbon	338:343	arg1	GCE					356:358	GCE	356:358	GCE	356:358	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	25	theme	carbon	338:343	arg1	electrode					345:353	the glassy carbon electrode	327:353	the glassy carbon electrode (GCE)	327:359	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	26	from	immobilization	469:482	arg1	surface					491:497	its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	487:545	its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	487:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	27	theme	one-step	373:380	arg1	technique					413:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique	364:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	364:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	28	theme	PPy	225:227	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	7	29	theme	fabricated	1619:1628	arg1	biosensor					1630:1638	this fabricated biosensor	1614:1638	this fabricated biosensor	1614:1638	Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
27485503	3	30	theme	composite	934:942	arg1	materials					944:952	the bio-nanohybrid composite materials	915:952	the bio-nanohybrid composite materials	915:952	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	0	31	theme	bio-nanohybrid	145:158	arg1	film					160:163	bio-nanohybrid film	145:163	bio-nanohybrid film	145:163	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	5	32	theme	improved	1237:1244	arg1	sensitivity					1246:1256	improved sensitivity	1237:1256	improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1237:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	7	33	theme	clinical	1744:1751	arg1	applications					1753:1764	clinical applications	1744:1764	clinical applications	1744:1764	Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
27485503	2	34	theme	high	596:599	arg1	area					609:612	high surface area	596:612	high surface area for GOx immobilization	596:635	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency.
27485503	5	35	theme	S/N	1382:1384	arg1	ratio					1387:1391	a signal/noise (S/N) ratio	1366:1391	a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1366:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	0	36	theme	High-performance	0:15	arg1	biosensor					25:33	High-performance glucose biosensor	0:33	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	0:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	6	37	theme	better	1468:1473	arg1	stability					1485:1493	better long-term stability	1468:1493	better long-term stability	1468:1493	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	5	38	theme	range	1294:1298	arg1	sensitivity					1246:1256	improved sensitivity	1237:1256	improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1237:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	0	39	theme	polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized	81:113	arg1	carbon					128:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	5	40	theme	signal/noise	1368:1379	arg1	ratio					1387:1391	a signal/noise (S/N) ratio	1366:1391	a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1366:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	3	41	theme	nanocomposite	751:763	arg1	films					765:769	the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films	732:769	the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films	732:769	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	0	42	theme	oxidase	61:67	arg1	carbon					128:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	5	43	theme	catalytic	1168:1176	arg1	property					1178:1185	an excellent catalytic property	1155:1185	an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1155:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	6	44	theme	acceptable	1537:1546	arg1	measurement					1548:1558	acceptable measurement	1537:1558	acceptable measurement of glucose concentration	1537:1583	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	1	45	theme	nanotubes	277:285	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	5	46	theme	3	1396:1396	arg1	ratio					1387:1391	a signal/noise (S/N) ratio	1366:1391	a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1366:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	1	47	theme	fMWCNTs	288:294	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	0	48	theme	immobilized	69:79	arg1	carbon					128:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	4	49	theme	amperometry	1107:1117	arg1	measurements					1119:1130	amperometry measurements	1107:1130	amperometry measurements	1107:1130	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	1	50	theme	nanocomposite	297:309	arg1	film					204:207	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film	166:207	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	166:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	4	51	theme	fabricated	991:1000	arg1	biosensor					1002:1010	the fabricated biosensor	987:1010	the fabricated biosensor	987:1010	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	6	52	theme	good	1496:1499	arg1	repeatability					1501:1513	good repeatability	1496:1513	good repeatability	1496:1513	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	4	53	theme	electrochemical	959:973	arg1	behavior					975:982	The electrochemical behavior	955:982	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor	955:1010	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	1	54	theme	glucose	529:535	arg1	biosensor					537:545	a high-performance glucose biosensor	510:545	a high-performance glucose biosensor	510:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	6	55	theme	real	1588:1591	arg1	samples					1599:1605	real serum samples	1588:1605	real serum samples	1588:1605	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	6	56	theme	concentration	1571:1583	arg1	selectivity					1455:1465	reliable selectivity	1446:1465	reliable selectivity	1446:1465	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	6	56	theme	concentration	1571:1583	arg1	reproducibility					1516:1530	reproducibility	1516:1530	reproducibility	1516:1530	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	6	56	theme	concentration	1571:1583	arg1	stability					1485:1493	better long-term stability	1468:1493	better long-term stability	1468:1493	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	6	56	theme	concentration	1571:1583	arg1	repeatability					1501:1513	good repeatability	1496:1513	good repeatability	1496:1513	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	6	56	theme	concentration	1571:1583	arg1	measurement					1548:1558	acceptable measurement	1537:1558	acceptable measurement of glucose concentration	1537:1583	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	1	57	theme	oxidase	452:458	arg1	immobilization					469:482	chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization	435:482	chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	435:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	58	theme	multi-walled	257:268	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	7	59	theme	sensitive	1673:1681	arg1	platform					1683:1690	an efficient and highly sensitive platform	1649:1690	an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing	1649:1710	Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
27485503	3	60	theme	enzyme	887:892	arg1	encapsulation					894:906	enzyme encapsulation	887:906	enzyme encapsulation	887:906	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	1	61	theme	CH-GOx	461:466	arg1	immobilization					469:482	chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization	435:482	chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	435:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	5	62	theme	cm	1275:1276	arg1	sensitivity					1246:1256	improved sensitivity	1237:1256	improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1237:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	6	63	attach	presented	1436:1444	arg2	biosensor					1426:1434	the resulting biosensor	1412:1434	the resulting biosensor	1412:1434	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	6	63	attach	presented	1436:1444	arg1	samples					1599:1605	real serum samples	1588:1605	real serum samples	1588:1605	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	5	64	theme	low	1333:1335	arg1	limit					1347:1351	a low detection limit	1331:1351	a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1331:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	1	65	theme	bio-nanohybrid	189:202	arg1	film					204:207	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film	166:207	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	166:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	5	66	theme	limit	1347:1351	arg1	sensitivity					1246:1256	improved sensitivity	1237:1256	improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1237:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	3	67	theme	bio-nanohybrid	919:932	arg1	materials					944:952	the bio-nanohybrid composite materials	915:952	the bio-nanohybrid composite materials	915:952	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	0	68	theme	multi-walled	115:126	arg1	carbon					128:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	5	69	theme	film	1205:1208	arg1	property					1178:1185	an excellent catalytic property	1155:1185	an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1155:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	2	70	theme	nanohybrid	566:575	arg1	composite					577:585	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite	548:585	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite	548:585	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency.
27485503	2	71	theme	surface	601:607	arg1	area					609:612	high surface area	596:612	high surface area for GOx immobilization	596:635	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency.
27485503	1	72	theme	facile	366:371	arg1	technique					413:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique	364:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	364:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	73	theme	polymerization	398:411	arg1	technique					413:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique	364:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	364:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	1	74	theme	electrochemical	382:396	arg1	technique					413:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique	364:421	a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor	364:545	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	4	75	theme	impedance	1073:1081	arg1	EIS					1097:1099	EIS	1097:1099	EIS	1097:1099	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	4	75	theme	impedance	1073:1081	arg1	spectroscopy					1083:1094	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy	1057:1094	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)	1057:1100	The electrochemical behavior of the fabricated biosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and amperometry measurements.
27485503	1	76	theme	-functionalized	241:255	arg1	nanocomposite					297:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite	212:309	A highly electroactive bio-nanohybrid film of polypyrrole (PPy)-Nafion (Nf)-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) nanocomposite was prepared on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by a facile one-step electrochemical polymerization technique followed by chitosan-glucose oxidase (CH-GOx) immobilization on its surface to achieve a high-performance glucose biosensor.
27485503	0	77	theme	glucose	17:23	arg1	biosensor					25:33	High-performance glucose biosensor	0:33	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	0:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	2	78	theme	GOx	618:620	arg1	immobilization					622:635	GOx immobilization	618:635	GOx immobilization	618:635	The as-fabricated nanohybrid composite provides high surface area for GOx immobilization and thus enhances the enzyme-loading efficiency.
27485503	5	79	with	detection	1222:1230	arg1	sensitivity					1246:1256	improved sensitivity	1237:1256	improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1237:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	5	80	theme	glucose	1214:1220	arg1	detection					1222:1230	glucose detection	1214:1230	glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1214:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	6	81	theme	long-term	1475:1483	arg1	stability					1485:1493	better long-term stability	1468:1493	better long-term stability	1468:1493	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	5	82	theme	linear	1287:1292	arg1	range					1294:1298	the linear range	1283:1298	the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992)	1283:1324	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	7	83	theme	new	1728:1730	arg1	avenues					1732:1738	new avenues	1728:1738	new avenues for clinical applications	1728:1764	Thus, this fabricated biosensor provides an efficient and highly sensitive platform for glucose sensing and can open up new avenues for clinical applications.
27485503	0	84	theme	chitosan-glucose	44:59	arg1	carbon					128:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon	44:133	High-performance glucose biosensor based on chitosan-glucose oxidase immobilized polypyrrole/Nafion/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes bio-nanohybrid film.
27485503	3	85	theme	PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs	736:749	arg1	films					765:769	the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films	732:769	the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films	732:769	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
27485503	6	86	theme	reliable	1446:1453	arg1	selectivity					1455:1465	reliable selectivity	1446:1465	reliable selectivity	1446:1465	Furthermore, the resulting biosensor presented reliable selectivity, better long-term stability, good repeatability, reproducibility, and acceptable measurement of glucose concentration in real serum samples.
27485503	5	87	theme	excellent	1158:1166	arg1	property					1178:1185	an excellent catalytic property	1155:1185	an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3	1155:1396	The results indicated an excellent catalytic property of bio-nanohybrid film for glucose detection with improved sensitivity of 2860.3μAmM(-1)cm(-2), the linear range up to 4.7mM (R(2)=0.9992), and a low detection limit of 5μM under a signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3.
27485503	3	88	theme	GOx	810:812	arg1	immobilization					814:827	GOx immobilization	810:827	GOx immobilization	810:827	The structural characterization revealed that the PPy-Nf-fMWCNTs nanocomposite films were uniformly formed on GCE and after GOx immobilization, the surface porosities of the film were decreased due to enzyme encapsulation inside the bio-nanohybrid composite materials.
28122511	13	0	from	point	2388:2392	arg1	species					2344:2350	a species	2342:2350	a species that is important from an agronomic point of view	2342:2400	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	13	0	from	point	2388:2392	arg1	important					2360:2368	important	2360:2368	important	2360:2368	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	7	1	theme	pectic	1342:1347	arg1	epitopes					1349:1356	Two pectic epitopes	1338:1356	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20)	1338:1369	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	9	2	theme	advanced	1730:1737	arg1	stages					1739:1744	the more advanced stages	1721:1744	the more advanced stages of primordium development	1721:1770	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	3	3	theme	other	666:670	arg1	events					688:693	other differentiation events	666:693	other differentiation events that accompany AR development	666:723	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	6	4	theme	pectic	1173:1178	arg1	presence					1161:1168	the presence	1157:1168	the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues	1157:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	5	5	theme	parental	1113:1120	arg1	tissue					1122:1127	the parental tissue	1109:1127	the parental tissue	1109:1127	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	4	6	theme	AGPs	789:792	arg1	distribution					761:772	the distribution	757:772	the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny	757:811	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	6	7	theme	presence	1161:1168	arg1	analysis					1145:1152	Immunochemical analysis	1130:1152	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues	1130:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	13	8	theme	view	2397:2400	arg1	point					2388:2392	an agronomic point	2375:2392	an agronomic point of view	2375:2400	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	4	9	theme	AR	801:802	arg1	ontogeny					804:811	AR ontogeny	801:811	AR ontogeny	801:811	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	9	10	theme	development	1760:1770	arg1	stages					1739:1744	the more advanced stages	1721:1744	the more advanced stages of primordium development	1721:1770	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	8	11	theme	cytoplasmic	1573:1583	arg1	compartments					1585:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments	1569:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast)	1569:1619	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	13	12	theme	AGP	2295:2297	arg1	distribution					2268:2279	the distribution	2264:2279	the distribution of pectin and AGP	2264:2297	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	1	13	theme	same	188:191	arg1	roots					225:229	primary and lateral roots	205:229	primary and lateral roots (LR)	205:234	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	13	theme	same	188:191	arg1	function					193:200	the same function	184:200	the same function	184:200	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	7	14	theme	AR	1480:1481	arg1	cap					1469:1471	the root cap	1460:1471	the root cap of the AR	1460:1481	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	9	15	theme	JIM16	1785:1789	arg1	present					1803:1809	present	1803:1809	present	1803:1809	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	9	15	theme	JIM16	1785:1789	arg1	epitope					1791:1797	the JIM16 epitope	1781:1797	the JIM16 epitope	1781:1797	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	13	16	theme	agronomic	2378:2386	arg1	point					2388:2392	an agronomic point	2375:2392	an agronomic point of view	2375:2400	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	13	17	theme	non-embryogenic	2306:2320	arg1	development					2327:2337	non-embryogenic root development	2306:2337	non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view	2306:2400	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	9	18	located	detected	1709:1716	arg1	stages					1739:1744	the more advanced stages	1721:1744	the more advanced stages of primordium development	1721:1770	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	9	18	located	detected	1709:1716	arg2	epitopes					1695:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes	1680:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes	1680:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	5	19	theme	different	969:977	arg1	tissues					984:990	different stem tissues	969:990	different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium	969:1037	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	19	theme	different	969:977	arg1	parenchyma					1000:1009	parenchyma	1000:1009	parenchyma	1000:1009	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	19	theme	different	969:977	arg1	rays					1018:1021	xylem rays	1012:1021	xylem rays	1012:1021	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	19	theme	different	969:977	arg1	cambium					1031:1037	the cambium	1027:1037	the cambium	1027:1037	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	7	20	theme	root	1464:1467	arg1	cap					1469:1471	the root cap	1460:1471	the root cap of the AR	1460:1481	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	4	21	theme	stem	842:845	arg1	tissues					847:853	stem tissues	842:853	stem tissues	842:853	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	13	22	theme	pectin	2284:2289	arg1	distribution					2268:2279	the distribution	2264:2279	the distribution of pectin and AGP	2264:2297	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	markers					561:567	helpful markers	553:567	helpful markers	553:567	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	proteins					534:541	arabinogalactan proteins	518:541	arabinogalactan proteins	518:541	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	elongation					637:646	elongation	637:646	elongation	637:646	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	events					688:693	other differentiation events	666:693	other differentiation events that accompany AR development	666:723	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	Pectins					506:512	Pectins	506:512	Pectins	506:512	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	death					624:628	programmed cell death	608:628	programmed cell death (PCD)	608:634	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	23	theme	events	592:597	arg1	proliferation					649:661	proliferation	649:661	proliferation	649:661	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	11	24	theme	cells	2039:2043	arg1	compositions					1993:2004	The chemical compositions	1980:2004	The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells	1980:2043	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	12	25	theme	developmental	2127:2139	arg1	changes					2141:2147	developmental changes	2127:2147	developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP	2127:2186	In AR, developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP suggest the turnover of wall compounds.
28122511	9	26	theme	earliest	1820:1827	arg1	events					1838:1843	the earliest division events	1816:1843	the earliest division events of the initial AR cells	1816:1867	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	3	27	theme	particular	572:581	arg1	events					592:597	particular cellular events	572:597	particular cellular events	572:597	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	7	28	theme	xylogalacturonan	1432:1447	arg1	epitope					1449:1455	the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope	1424:1455	the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope	1424:1455	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	11	29	theme	lateral	2026:2032	arg1	cells					2039:2043	adventitious and lateral root cells	2009:2043	adventitious and lateral root cells	2009:2043	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	0	30	theme	lycopersicum	80:91	arg1	development					116:126	Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development	72:126	Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development	72:126	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	6	31	from	AR	1239:1240	arg1	analysis					1145:1152	Immunochemical analysis	1130:1152	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues	1130:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	8	32	dep	compartments	1585:1596	arg1	tonoplast					1610:1618	the tonoplast	1606:1618	mainly the tonoplast	1599:1618	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	1	33	dep	BACKGROUND	129:138	arg1	share					178:182	share	178:182	share	178:182	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	8	34	theme	cell	1660:1663	arg1	vacuolisation					1665:1677	cell vacuolisation	1660:1677	cell vacuolisation	1660:1677	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	4	35	with	primordium	828:837	arg1	events					910:915	these events	904:915	these events during LR formation	904:935	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	5	36	dep	treatment	1070:1078	arg1	grafting					1081:1088	grafting	1081:1088	grafting	1081:1088	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	36	dep	treatment	1070:1078	arg1	cutting					1097:1103	cutting	1097:1103	cutting	1097:1103	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	9	37	theme	AR	1860:1861	arg1	cells					1863:1867	the initial AR cells	1848:1867	the initial AR cells	1848:1867	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	0	38	theme	adventitious	98:109	arg1	development					116:126	Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development	72:126	Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development	72:126	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	12	39	from	changes	2141:2147	arg1	distribution					2156:2167	the distribution	2152:2167	the distribution of pectins and AGP	2152:2186	In AR, developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP suggest the turnover of wall compounds.
28122511	9	40	from	events	1838:1843	arg1	present					1803:1809	present	1803:1809	present	1803:1809	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	9	40	from	events	1838:1843	arg1	epitope					1791:1797	the JIM16 epitope	1781:1797	the JIM16 epitope	1781:1797	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	5	41	dep	age	1062:1064	arg1	the					1053:1055	the	1053:1055	the	1053:1055	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	6	42	theme	tissue-specific	1289:1303	arg1	distributions					1305:1317	differential, tissue-specific distributions	1275:1317	distributions	1305:1317	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	0	43	dep	lycopersicum	80:91	arg1	L.					94:95	L.	94:95	L.	94:95	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	2	44	theme	grafting	401:408	arg1	technique					410:418	the grafting technique	397:418	the grafting technique	397:418	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	6	45	theme	differential	1275:1286	arg1	distributions					1305:1317	differential, tissue-specific distributions	1275:1317	distributions	1305:1317	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	7	46	dep	epitopes	1349:1356	arg1	LM19					1359:1362	LM19	1359:1362	LM19	1359:1362	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	7	47	from	occurrence	1410:1419	arg1	cap					1469:1471	the root cap	1460:1471	the root cap of the AR	1460:1481	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	7	48	theme	other	1497:1501	arg1	species					1503:1509	other species	1497:1509	other species described so far	1497:1526	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	11	49	theme	adventitious	2009:2020	arg1	cells					2039:2043	adventitious and lateral root cells	2009:2043	adventitious and lateral root cells	2009:2043	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	3	50	theme	programmed	608:617	arg1	death					624:628	programmed cell death	608:628	programmed cell death (PCD)	608:634	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	50	theme	programmed	608:617	arg1	PCD					631:633	PCD	631:633	PCD	631:633	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	5	51	theme	stem	1057:1060	arg1	age					1062:1064	stem age	1057:1064	stem age	1057:1064	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	9	52	theme	JIM8	1680:1683	arg1	epitopes					1695:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes	1680:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes	1680:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	12	53	theme	compounds	2217:2225	arg1	turnover					2200:2207	the turnover	2196:2207	the turnover of wall compounds	2196:2225	In AR, developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP suggest the turnover of wall compounds.
28122511	4	54	theme	pectins	777:783	arg1	distribution					761:772	the distribution	757:772	the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny	757:811	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	0	55	theme	protein	48:54	arg1	epitopes					56:63	some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes	16:63	epitopes	56:63	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	1	56	theme	adaptive	277:284	arg1	development					252:262	their development	246:262	their development	246:262	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	56	theme	adaptive	277:284	arg1	reaction					286:293	an adaptive reaction	274:293	an adaptive reaction to stress conditions	274:314	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	9	57	theme	JIM13	1689:1693	arg1	epitopes					1695:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes	1680:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes	1680:1702	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	5	58	theme	tissue	1122:1127	arg1	treatment					1070:1078	treatment	1070:1078	treatment (grafting versus cutting)	1070:1104	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	58	theme	tissue	1122:1127	arg1	age					1062:1064	stem age	1057:1064	stem age	1057:1064	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	4	59	with	correspondence	884:897	arg1	events					910:915	these events	904:915	these events during LR formation	904:935	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	2	60	theme	plants	341:346	arg1	Regeneration					317:328	Regeneration	317:328	Regeneration of grafted plants	317:346	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	1	61	theme	lateral	217:223	arg1	LR					232:233	LR	232:233	LR	232:233	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	61	theme	lateral	217:223	arg1	roots					225:229	primary and lateral roots	205:229	primary and lateral roots (LR)	205:234	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	61	theme	lateral	217:223	arg1	function					193:200	the same function	184:200	the same function	184:200	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	6	62	theme	AR-associated	1246:1258	arg1	tissues					1260:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	5	63	theme	RESULTS	938:944	arg1	AR					946:947	RESULTS AR	938:947	RESULTS AR	938:947	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	6	64	theme	epitopes	1227:1234	arg1	presence					1161:1168	the presence	1157:1168	the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues	1157:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	65	theme	epitopes	1328:1335	arg1	distributions					1305:1317	differential, tissue-specific distributions	1275:1317	distributions	1305:1317	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	8	66	located	present	1558:1564	arg2	epitopes					1533:1540	AGP epitopes	1529:1540	AGP epitopes	1529:1540	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	8	66	located	present	1558:1564	arg1	compartments					1585:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments	1569:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast)	1569:1619	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	10	67	dep	quantitative	1910:1921	arg1	pectins					1947:1953	pectins	1947:1953	pectins	1947:1953	The comparison between AR and LR showed quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences.
28122511	10	67	dep	quantitative	1910:1921	arg1	AGP					1924:1926	AGP	1924:1926	AGP	1924:1926	The comparison between AR and LR showed quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences.
28122511	10	68	theme	quantitative	1910:1921	arg1	differences					1956:1966	quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences	1910:1966	quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences	1910:1966	The comparison between AR and LR showed quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences.
28122511	12	69	theme	pectins	2172:2178	arg1	distribution					2156:2167	the distribution	2152:2167	the distribution of pectins and AGP	2152:2186	In AR, developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP suggest the turnover of wall compounds.
28122511	8	70	theme	AGP	1529:1531	arg1	epitopes					1533:1540	AGP epitopes	1529:1540	AGP epitopes	1529:1540	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	6	71	dep	pectic	1173:1178	arg1	LM20					1192:1195	LM20	1192:1195	LM20	1192:1195	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	72	attach	presence	1161:1168	arg1	tissues					1260:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	72	attach	presence	1161:1168	arg2	epitopes					1227:1234	pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes	1173:1234	epitopes	1227:1234	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	72	attach	presence	1161:1168	arg2	pectic					1173:1178	pectic	1173:1178	pectic	1173:1178	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	72	attach	presence	1161:1168	arg1	AR					1239:1240	AR	1239:1240	AR	1239:1240	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	11	73	theme	different	2086:2094	arg1	origins					2096:2102	the different origins	2082:2102	the different origins of these cells	2082:2117	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	3	74	theme	differentiation	672:686	arg1	events					688:693	other differentiation events	666:693	other differentiation events that accompany AR development	666:723	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	13	75	theme	root	2322:2325	arg1	development					2327:2337	non-embryogenic root development	2306:2337	non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view	2306:2400	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	9	76	theme	primordium	1749:1758	arg1	development					1760:1770	primordium development	1749:1770	primordium development	1749:1770	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	11	77	theme	root	2034:2037	arg1	cells					2039:2043	adventitious and lateral root cells	2009:2043	adventitious and lateral root cells	2009:2043	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	1	78	theme	plants	171:176	arg1	roots					157:161	The adventitious roots	140:161	The adventitious roots (AR) of plants	140:176	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	78	theme	plants	171:176	arg1	AR					164:165	AR	164:165	AR	164:165	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	3	79	theme	AR	710:711	arg1	development					713:723	AR development	710:723	AR development	710:723	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	markers					561:567	helpful markers	553:567	helpful markers	553:567	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	proteins					534:541	arabinogalactan proteins	518:541	arabinogalactan proteins	518:541	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	elongation					637:646	elongation	637:646	elongation	637:646	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	events					688:693	other differentiation events	666:693	other differentiation events that accompany AR development	666:723	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	Pectins					506:512	Pectins	506:512	Pectins	506:512	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	death					624:628	programmed cell death	608:628	programmed cell death (PCD)	608:634	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	80	theme	arabinogalactan	518:532	arg1	proliferation					649:661	proliferation	649:661	proliferation	649:661	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	6	81	theme	AGP	1202:1204	arg1	epitopes					1227:1234	pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes	1173:1234	epitopes	1227:1234	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	markers					561:567	helpful markers	553:567	helpful markers	553:567	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	proteins					534:541	arabinogalactan proteins	518:541	arabinogalactan proteins	518:541	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	elongation					637:646	elongation	637:646	elongation	637:646	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	events					688:693	other differentiation events	666:693	other differentiation events that accompany AR development	666:723	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	Pectins					506:512	Pectins	506:512	Pectins	506:512	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	death					624:628	programmed cell death	608:628	programmed cell death (PCD)	608:634	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	82	theme	helpful	553:559	arg1	proliferation					649:661	proliferation	649:661	proliferation	649:661	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	4	83	dep	distribution	761:772	arg1	either					814:819	either	814:819	either	814:819	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	2	84	theme	emergence	495:503	arg1	development					464:474	development	464:474	development	464:474	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	2	84	theme	emergence	495:503	arg1	means					486:490	their means	480:490	their means	480:490	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	2	84	theme	emergence	495:503	arg1	initiation					449:458	AR initiation	446:458	AR initiation	446:458	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	6	85	theme	Immunochemical	1130:1143	arg1	analysis					1145:1152	Immunochemical analysis	1130:1152	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues	1130:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	5	86	theme	xylem	1012:1016	arg1	rays					1018:1021	xylem rays	1012:1021	xylem rays	1012:1021	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	12	87	theme	AGP	2184:2186	arg1	distribution					2156:2167	the distribution	2152:2167	the distribution of pectins and AGP	2152:2186	In AR, developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP suggest the turnover of wall compounds.
28122511	6	88	from	presence	1161:1168	arg1	tissues					1260:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	88	from	presence	1161:1168	arg1	AR					1239:1240	AR	1239:1240	AR	1239:1240	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	5	89	theme	stem	979:982	arg1	tissues					984:990	different stem tissues	969:990	different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium	969:1037	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	89	theme	stem	979:982	arg1	parenchyma					1000:1009	parenchyma	1000:1009	parenchyma	1000:1009	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	89	theme	stem	979:982	arg1	rays					1018:1021	xylem rays	1012:1021	xylem rays	1012:1021	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	5	89	theme	stem	979:982	arg1	cambium					1031:1037	the cambium	1027:1037	the cambium	1027:1037	RESULTS AR were developed from different stem tissues such as parenchyma, xylem rays and the cambium, depending on the stem age and treatment (grafting versus cutting) of the parental tissue.
28122511	3	90	theme	cellular	583:590	arg1	events					592:597	particular cellular events	572:597	particular cellular events	572:597	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	7	91	theme	epitope	1449:1455	arg1	occurrence					1410:1419	the occurrence	1406:1419	the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR	1406:1481	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	6	92	from	analysis	1145:1152	arg1	tissues					1260:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	AR-associated tissues	1246:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	92	from	analysis	1145:1152	arg1	AR					1239:1240	AR	1239:1240	AR	1239:1240	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	6	93	from	tissues	1260:1266	arg1	analysis					1145:1152	Immunochemical analysis	1130:1152	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues	1130:1266	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	1	94	theme	adventitious	144:155	arg1	roots					157:161	The adventitious roots	140:161	The adventitious roots (AR) of plants	140:176	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	94	theme	adventitious	144:155	arg1	AR					164:165	AR	164:165	AR	164:165	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	7	95	theme	LM8	1428:1430	arg1	epitope					1449:1455	the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope	1424:1455	the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope	1424:1455	Two pectic epitopes (LM19, LM20) were developmentally regulated and the occurrence of the LM8 xylogalacturonan epitope in the root cap of the AR differed from other species described so far.
28122511	9	96	theme	division	1829:1836	arg1	events					1838:1843	the earliest division events	1816:1843	the earliest division events of the initial AR cells	1816:1867	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	1	97	theme	primary	205:211	arg1	LR					232:233	LR	232:233	LR	232:233	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	97	theme	primary	205:211	arg1	roots					225:229	primary and lateral roots	205:229	primary and lateral roots (LR)	205:234	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	1	97	theme	primary	205:211	arg1	function					193:200	the same function	184:200	the same function	184:200	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	4	98	dep	primordium	828:837	arg1	the					824:826	the	824:826	the	824:826	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	1	99	theme	stress	298:303	arg1	conditions					305:314	stress conditions	298:314	stress conditions	298:314	BACKGROUND The adventitious roots (AR) of plants share the same function as primary and lateral roots (LR), although their development is mainly an adaptive reaction to stress conditions.
28122511	2	100	theme	AR	446:447	arg1	initiation					449:458	AR initiation	446:458	AR initiation	446:458	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	8	101	attach	present	1558:1564	arg2	epitopes					1533:1540	AGP epitopes	1529:1540	AGP epitopes	1529:1540	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	8	101	attach	present	1558:1564	arg1	compartments					1585:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments	1569:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast)	1569:1619	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	11	102	dep	CONCLUSION	1969:1978	arg1	show					2045:2048	show	2045:2048	show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells	2045:2117	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	9	103	theme	initial	1852:1858	arg1	cells					1863:1867	the initial AR cells	1848:1867	the initial AR cells	1848:1867	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	0	104	theme	root	111:114	arg1	development					116:126	Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development	72:126	Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development	72:126	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	6	105	dep	epitopes	1227:1234	arg1	JIM16					1220:1224	JIM16	1220:1224	JIM16	1220:1224	Immunochemical analysis of the presence of pectic (LM8, LM19, LM20) and AGP (JIM8, JIM13, JIM16) epitopes in AR and AR-associated tissues showed differential, tissue-specific distributions of these epitopes.
28122511	9	106	theme	cells	1863:1867	arg1	events					1838:1843	the earliest division events	1816:1843	the earliest division events of the initial AR cells	1816:1867	JIM8 and JIM13 epitopes were detected in the more advanced stages of primordium development, whereas the JIM16 epitope was present from the earliest division events of the initial AR cells.
28122511	13	107	from	development	2327:2337	arg1	species					2344:2350	a species	2342:2350	a species that is important from an agronomic point of view	2342:2400	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	13	107	from	development	2327:2337	arg1	important					2360:2368	important	2360:2368	important	2360:2368	Our data extend the knowledge about the distribution of pectin and AGP during non-embryogenic root development in a species that is important from an agronomic point of view.
28122511	8	108	theme	vacuolisation	1665:1677	arg1	degree					1650:1655	the degree	1646:1655	the degree of cell vacuolisation	1646:1677	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	4	109	with	tissues	847:853	arg1	events					910:915	these events	904:915	these events during LR formation	904:935	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	11	110	theme	chemical	1984:1991	arg1	compositions					1993:2004	The chemical compositions	1980:2004	The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells	1980:2043	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	0	111	theme	pectic	21:26	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.	0:127	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	11	112	theme	cells	2113:2117	arg1	origins					2096:2102	the different origins	2082:2102	the different origins of these cells	2082:2117	CONCLUSION The chemical compositions of adventitious and lateral root cells show differences that correlate with the different origins of these cells.
28122511	0	113	theme	arabinogalactan	32:46	arg1	epitopes					56:63	some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes	16:63	epitopes	56:63	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	10	114	theme	qualitative	1934:1944	arg1	differences					1956:1966	quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences	1910:1966	quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences	1910:1966	The comparison between AR and LR showed quantitative (AGP,) and qualitative (pectins) differences.
28122511	4	115	theme	LR	924:925	arg1	formation					927:935	LR formation	924:935	LR formation	924:935	However, little is known about the distribution of pectins and AGPs during AR ontogeny, either in the primordium or stem tissues from which AR arise or their correspondence with these events during LR formation.
28122511	8	116	from	present	1558:1564	arg1	compartments					1585:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments	1569:1596	the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast)	1569:1619	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	2	117	theme	AR	372:373	arg1	formation					375:383	AR formation	372:383	AR formation	372:383	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	0	118	theme	epitopes	56:63	arg1	Distribution					0:11	Distribution	0:11	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.	0:127	Distribution of some pectic and arabinogalactan protein epitopes during Solanum lycopersicum (L.) adventitious root development.
28122511	2	119	theme	good	422:425	arg1	model					427:431	a good model	420:431	a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence	420:503	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28122511	3	120	theme	cell	619:622	arg1	death					624:628	programmed cell death	608:628	programmed cell death (PCD)	608:634	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	3	120	theme	cell	619:622	arg1	PCD					631:633	PCD	631:633	PCD	631:633	Pectins and arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) are helpful markers of particular cellular events, such as programmed cell death (PCD), elongation, proliferation or other differentiation events that accompany AR development.
28122511	8	121	from	compartments	1585:1596	arg1	present					1558:1564	present	1558:1564	present	1558:1564	AGP epitopes were abundantly present in the cytoplasmic compartments (mainly the tonoplast) and were correlated with the degree of cell vacuolisation.
28122511	12	122	theme	wall	2212:2215	arg1	compounds					2217:2225	wall compounds	2212:2225	wall compounds	2212:2225	In AR, developmental changes in the distribution of pectins and AGP suggest the turnover of wall compounds.
28122511	2	123	theme	grafted	333:339	arg1	plants					341:346	grafted plants	333:346	grafted plants	333:346	Regeneration of grafted plants is often accompanied by AR formation thus making the grafting technique a good model for studying AR initiation and development and their means of emergence.
28010187	4	0	theme	ATP	644:646	arg1	PEN3					684:687	PEN3	684:687	PEN3	684:687	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	4	0	theme	ATP	644:646	arg1	transporter					671:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter	641:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3)	641:688	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	9	1	theme	Golgi	1498:1502	arg1	protein					1522:1528	Golgi component (ERGIC) protein	1498:1528	Golgi component (ERGIC) protein	1498:1528	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	1	2	theme	model	142:146	arg1	thaliana					166:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	11	3	theme	callose	1878:1884	arg1	deposition					1864:1873	the deposition	1860:1873	the deposition of callose	1860:1884	The experiments have unveiled the importance of the regulon during defense in the root and show how the deposition of callose relates to the process.
28010187	6	4	theme	regulon	962:968	arg1	components					970:979	regulon components	962:979	regulon components	962:979	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	2	5	theme	protein	417:423	arg1	SNARE					435:439	SNARE	435:439	SNARE	435:439	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	5	theme	protein	417:423	arg1	receptor					425:432	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor	356:432	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	7	6	theme	natural	1095:1101	arg1	process					1103:1109	the natural process	1091:1109	the natural process of defense	1091:1120	The results explain the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense.
28010187	8	7	theme	additional	1138:1147	arg1	genes					1156:1160	additional G. max genes	1138:1160	additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon	1138:1206	Data regarding additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon are presented here, including Sec 14, Sec 4 and Sec 23.
28010187	1	8	theme	plant	148:152	arg1	thaliana					166:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	8	9	theme	regulon	1200:1206	arg1	context					1185:1191	the context	1181:1191	the context of the regulon	1181:1206	Data regarding additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon are presented here, including Sec 14, Sec 4 and Sec 23.
28010187	10	10	theme	galactinol	1734:1743	arg1	GS					1755:1756	GS	1755:1756	GS	1755:1756	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	10	10	theme	galactinol	1734:1743	arg1	synthase					1745:1752	galactinol synthase	1734:1752	galactinol synthase (GS)	1734:1757	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	10	11	theme	biochemical	1565:1575	arg1	pathways					1577:1584	biochemical pathways	1565:1584	biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon	1565:1638	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	3	12	theme	Secretion	526:534	arg1	protein					542:548	a Secretion (Sec) protein	524:548	a Secretion (Sec) protein	524:548	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	3	12	theme	Secretion	526:534	arg1	Suppressor					551:560	Suppressor	551:560	Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p)	551:577	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	10	13	theme	pathways	1577:1584	arg1	effectiveness					1548:1560	the effectiveness	1544:1560	the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon	1544:1638	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	9	14	theme	zeta	1464:1467	arg1	paralog					1477:1483	a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog	1453:1483	a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog	1453:1483	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	15	theme	ERGIC	1515:1519	arg1	protein					1522:1528	Golgi component (ERGIC) protein	1498:1528	Golgi component (ERGIC) protein	1498:1528	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	4	16	theme	cassette	656:663	arg1	PEN3					684:687	PEN3	684:687	PEN3	684:687	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	4	16	theme	cassette	656:663	arg1	transporter					671:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter	641:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3)	641:688	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	9	17	theme	membrane	1298:1305	arg1	genes					1314:1318	membrane fusion genes	1298:1318	membrane fusion genes	1298:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	3	18	theme	cerevisae	494:502	arg1	gene					504:507	a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene	478:507	a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p)	478:577	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	8	19	theme	G.	1149:1150	arg1	genes					1156:1160	additional G. max genes	1138:1160	additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon	1138:1206	Data regarding additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon are presented here, including Sec 14, Sec 4 and Sec 23.
28010187	3	20	theme	Sec	537:539	arg1	protein					542:548	a Secretion (Sec) protein	524:548	a Secretion (Sec) protein	524:548	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	3	20	theme	Sec	537:539	arg1	Suppressor					551:560	Suppressor	551:560	Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p)	551:577	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	5	21	theme	genes	829:833	arg1	regulation					807:816	the transcriptional regulation	787:816	the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes	787:833	While important in inhibiting pathogen infection, limited observations have been made regarding the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes until now.
28010187	1	22	theme	Arabidopsis	154:164	arg1	thaliana					166:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	6	23	theme	gene	943:946	arg1	expression					948:957	co-regulated gene expression	930:957	co-regulated gene expression of regulon components	930:979	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	7	24	theme	defense	1114:1120	arg1	process					1103:1109	the natural process	1091:1109	the natural process of defense	1091:1120	The results explain the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense.
28010187	2	25	theme	attachment	406:415	arg1	SNARE					435:439	SNARE	435:439	SNARE	435:439	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	25	theme	attachment	406:415	arg1	receptor					425:432	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor	356:432	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	9	26	theme	Other	1264:1268	arg1	homologs					1286:1293	Other examined G. max homologs	1264:1293	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes	1264:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	27	theme	component	1504:1512	arg1	protein					1522:1528	Golgi component (ERGIC) protein	1498:1528	Golgi component (ERGIC) protein	1498:1528	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	28	theme	examined	1270:1277	arg1	homologs					1286:1293	Other examined G. max homologs	1264:1293	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes	1264:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	3	29	theme	Sec	565:567	arg1	protein					542:548	a Secretion (Sec) protein	524:548	a Secretion (Sec) protein	524:548	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	3	29	theme	Sec	565:567	arg1	Sso1p					572:576	Sso1p	572:576	Sso1p	572:576	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	3	29	theme	Sec	565:567	arg1	Suppressor					551:560	Suppressor	551:560	Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p)	551:577	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	2	30	theme	protein	398:404	arg1	SNARE					435:439	SNARE	435:439	SNARE	435:439	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	30	theme	protein	398:404	arg1	receptor					425:432	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor	356:432	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	8	31	theme	max	1152:1154	arg1	genes					1156:1160	additional G. max genes	1138:1160	additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon	1138:1206	Data regarding additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon are presented here, including Sec 14, Sec 4 and Sec 23.
28010187	6	32	theme	co-regulated	930:941	arg1	expression					948:957	co-regulated gene expression	930:957	co-regulated gene expression of regulon components	930:979	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	10	33	theme	xyloglucan	1669:1678	arg1	xylosyltransferase					1680:1697	xyloglucan xylosyltransferase	1669:1697	xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT)	1669:1703	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	10	33	theme	xyloglucan	1669:1678	arg1	XXT					1700:1702	XXT	1700:1702	XXT	1700:1702	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	9	34	theme	fusion	1307:1312	arg1	genes					1314:1318	membrane fusion genes	1298:1318	membrane fusion genes	1298:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	10	35	theme	regulon	1632:1638	arg1	context					1617:1623	the context	1613:1623	the context of the regulon	1613:1638	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	2	36	theme	fusion	391:396	arg1	SNARE					435:439	SNARE	435:439	SNARE	435:439	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	36	theme	fusion	391:396	arg1	receptor					425:432	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor	356:432	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	0	37	theme	SNARE-containing	18:33	arg1	regulon					35:41	the SNARE-containing regulon	14:41	the SNARE-containing regulon	14:41	Components of the SNARE-containing regulon are co-regulated in root cells undergoing defense.
28010187	1	38	theme	penetration	288:298	arg1	mutants					306:312	the penetration (pen) mutants	284:312	the penetration (pen) mutants	284:312	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	7	39	theme	genes	1033:1037	arg1	hundreds					1021:1028	hundreds	1021:1028	hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense	1021:1120	The results explain the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense.
28010187	1	40	theme	term	98:101	arg1	regulon					103:109	The term regulon	94:109	The term regulon	94:109	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	2	41	theme	syntaxin	442:449	arg1	PEN1					451:454	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	9	42	theme	max	1282:1284	arg1	homologs					1286:1293	Other examined G. max homologs	1264:1293	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes	1264:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	4	43	theme	binding	648:654	arg1	PEN3					684:687	PEN3	684:687	PEN3	684:687	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	4	43	theme	binding	648:654	arg1	transporter					671:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter	641:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3)	641:688	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	6	44	theme	model	873:877	arg1	soybean					905:911	soybean	905:911	soybean	905:911	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	6	44	theme	model	873:877	arg1	max					900:902	the model agricultural Glycine max	869:902	the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean)	869:912	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	1	45	theme	structural	187:196	arg1	apparatus					224:232	a structural and physiological defense apparatus	185:232	a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants	185:312	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	5	46	theme	pathogen	721:728	arg1	infection					730:738	pathogen infection	721:738	pathogen infection	721:738	While important in inhibiting pathogen infection, limited observations have been made regarding the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes until now.
28010187	1	47	theme	pen	301:303	arg1	mutants					306:312	the penetration (pen) mutants	284:312	the penetration (pen) mutants	284:312	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	7	48	theme	hundreds	1021:1028	arg1	observation					1006:1016	the observation	1002:1016	the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense	1002:1120	The results explain the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense.
28010187	3	49	contain	has	462:464	arg2	homology					466:473	homology	466:473	homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p)	466:577	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	3	49	contain	has	462:464	arg1	PEN1					457:460	PEN1	457:460	PEN1	457:460	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	11	50	from	importance	1794:1803	arg1	root					1842:1845	the root	1838:1845	the root	1838:1845	The experiments have unveiled the importance of the regulon during defense in the root and show how the deposition of callose relates to the process.
28010187	5	51	theme	transcriptional	791:805	arg1	regulation					807:816	the transcriptional regulation	787:816	the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes	787:833	While important in inhibiting pathogen infection, limited observations have been made regarding the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes until now.
28010187	0	52	theme	regulon	35:41	arg1	Components					0:9	Components	0:9	Components of the SNARE-containing regulon	0:41	Components of the SNARE-containing regulon are co-regulated in root cells undergoing defense.
28010187	9	53	theme	genes	1314:1318	arg1	homologs					1286:1293	Other examined G. max homologs	1264:1293	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes	1264:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	54	theme	ζ-COP	1470:1474	arg1	paralog					1477:1483	a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog	1453:1483	a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog	1453:1483	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	55	theme	domain-containing	1347:1363	arg1	protein1					1365:1372	an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1	1328:1372	an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1)	1328:1379	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	55	theme	domain-containing	1347:1363	arg1	Bro1					1375:1378	Bro1	1375:1378	Bro1	1375:1378	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	1	56	theme	physiological	202:214	arg1	apparatus					224:232	a structural and physiological defense apparatus	185:232	a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants	185:312	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	1	57	theme	mutants	306:312	arg1	identification					266:279	the identification	262:279	the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants	262:312	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	9	58	theme	G.	1279:1280	arg1	homologs					1286:1293	Other examined G. max homologs	1264:1293	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes	1264:1318	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	4	59	theme	ABC	666:668	arg1	PEN3					684:687	PEN3	684:687	PEN3	684:687	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	4	59	theme	ABC	666:668	arg1	transporter					671:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter	641:681	an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3)	641:688	The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3).
28010187	5	60	theme	limited	741:747	arg1	observations					749:760	limited observations	741:760	limited observations	741:760	While important in inhibiting pathogen infection, limited observations have been made regarding the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes until now.
28010187	9	61	theme	coatomer	1427:1434	arg1	ϵ-COP					1445:1449	ϵ-COP	1445:1449	ϵ-COP	1445:1449	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	61	theme	coatomer	1427:1434	arg1	epsilon					1436:1442	coatomer epsilon	1427:1442	coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP)	1427:1450	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	10	62	theme	reticuline	1706:1715	arg1	RO					1726:1727	RO	1726:1727	RO	1726:1727	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	10	62	theme	reticuline	1706:1715	arg1	oxidase					1717:1723	reticuline oxidase	1706:1723	reticuline oxidase (RO)	1706:1728	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	7	63	theme	root	1069:1072	arg1	cells					1074:1078	the root cells	1065:1078	the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense	1065:1120	The results explain the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense.
28010187	6	64	theme	Glycine	892:898	arg1	soybean					905:911	soybean	905:911	soybean	905:911	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	6	64	theme	Glycine	892:898	arg1	max					900:902	the model agricultural Glycine max	869:902	the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean)	869:912	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	11	65	theme	regulon	1812:1818	arg1	importance					1794:1803	the importance	1790:1803	the importance of the regulon during defense in the root	1790:1845	The experiments have unveiled the importance of the regulon during defense in the root and show how the deposition of callose relates to the process.
28010187	3	66	theme	Saccharomyces	480:492	arg1	gene					504:507	a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene	478:507	a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p)	478:577	PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p).
28010187	9	67	theme	coatomer	1455:1462	arg1	paralog					1477:1483	a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog	1453:1483	a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog	1453:1483	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	1	68	theme	defense	216:222	arg1	apparatus					224:232	a structural and physiological defense apparatus	185:232	a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants	185:312	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	1	69	theme	genetic	134:140	arg1	thaliana					166:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana	130:173	The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants.
28010187	10	70	dep	ave	1640:1642	arg1	examined					1649:1656	examined	1649:1656	examined	1649:1656	Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS).
28010187	2	71	theme	receptor	425:432	arg1	PEN1					451:454	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	72	theme	N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive	364:389	arg1	SNARE					435:439	SNARE	435:439	SNARE	435:439	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	72	theme	N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive	364:389	arg1	receptor					425:432	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor	356:432	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	5	73	theme	regulon	821:827	arg1	genes					829:833	regulon genes	821:833	regulon genes	821:833	While important in inhibiting pathogen infection, limited observations have been made regarding the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes until now.
28010187	9	74	theme	endosomal	1331:1339	arg1	protein1					1365:1372	an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1	1328:1372	an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1)	1328:1379	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	74	theme	endosomal	1331:1339	arg1	Bro1					1375:1378	Bro1	1375:1378	Bro1	1375:1378	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	0	75	theme	root	63:66	arg1	cells					68:72	root cells	63:72	root cells undergoing defense	63:91	Components of the SNARE-containing regulon are co-regulated in root cells undergoing defense.
28010187	6	76	theme	agricultural	879:890	arg1	soybean					905:911	soybean	905:911	soybean	905:911	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	6	76	theme	agricultural	879:890	arg1	max					900:902	the model agricultural Glycine max	869:902	the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean)	869:912	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
28010187	9	77	theme	bromo	1341:1345	arg1	protein1					1365:1372	an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1	1328:1372	an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1)	1328:1379	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	9	77	theme	bromo	1341:1345	arg1	Bro1					1375:1378	Bro1	1375:1378	Bro1	1375:1378	Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ϵ-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein.
28010187	2	78	theme	soluble	356:362	arg1	SNARE					435:439	SNARE	435:439	SNARE	435:439	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	2	78	theme	soluble	356:362	arg1	receptor					425:432	soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor	356:432	the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1	352:454	The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1.
28010187	6	79	theme	components	970:979	arg1	expression					948:957	co-regulated gene expression	930:957	co-regulated gene expression of regulon components	930:979	Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components.
26505621	0	0	theme	Hydrochloride	97:109	arg1	Delivery					73:80	Delivery	73:80	Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride	73:109	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Based on Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride.
26505621	2	1	theme	buccal	499:504	arg1	mucosa					506:511	the buccal mucosa	495:511	the buccal mucosa	495:511	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	2	2	with	contact	482:488	arg1	mucosa					506:511	the buccal mucosa	495:511	the buccal mucosa	495:511	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	1	3	theme	thanks	192:197	arg1	advantages					181:190	some distinct advantages	167:190	some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	167:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	0	4	theme	Propranolol	85:95	arg1	Hydrochloride					97:109	Propranolol Hydrochloride	85:109	Propranolol Hydrochloride	85:109	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Based on Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride.
26505621	9	5	theme	propranolol	1559:1569	arg1	hydrochloride					1571:1583	propranolol hydrochloride	1559:1583	propranolol hydrochloride	1559:1583	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	7	6	theme	chitosan-gelatin	1153:1168	arg1	ratios					1177:1182	the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1139:1182	the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1139:1182	Microparticles showed a different morphology based on the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios.
26505621	7	7	theme	weight	1170:1175	arg1	ratios					1177:1182	the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1139:1182	the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1139:1182	Microparticles showed a different morphology based on the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios.
26505621	8	8	theme	prepared	1223:1230	arg1	microparticles					1232:1245	the prepared microparticles	1219:1245	the prepared microparticles	1219:1245	Moreover, buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles showed different technological and functional characteristics in virtue of their composition.
26505621	6	9	theme	permeation	943:952	arg1	tests					954:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	5	10	theme	loaded	870:875	arg1	tablets					884:890	loaded buccal tablets	870:890	loaded buccal tablets	870:890	Microparticles were subsequently compressed with the drug to obtain loaded buccal tablets.
26505621	3	11	theme	study	530:534	arg1	aim					518:520	The aim	514:520	The aim of this study	514:534	The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	4	12	theme	chitosan-gelatin	719:734	arg1	ratios					743:748	different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	709:748	different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	709:748	Spray-dried microparticles were prepared with different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios and characterized in terms of yield and morphology.
26505621	2	13	dep	approach	446:453	arg1	facilitate					463:472	facilitate	463:472	facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa	463:511	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	5	14	theme	buccal	877:882	arg1	tablets					884:890	loaded buccal tablets	870:890	loaded buccal tablets	870:890	Microparticles were subsequently compressed with the drug to obtain loaded buccal tablets.
26505621	1	15	theme	easy	206:209	arg1	access					211:216	the easy access	202:216	the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	202:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	0	16	theme	Buccal	13:18	arg1	Tablets					20:26	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets	0:26	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets	0:26	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Based on Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride.
26505621	8	17	theme	buccal	1195:1200	arg1	tablets					1202:1208	buccal tablets	1195:1208	buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles	1195:1245	Moreover, buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles showed different technological and functional characteristics in virtue of their composition.
26505621	9	18	theme	best	1402:1405	arg1	properties					1420:1429	the best mucoadhesive properties	1398:1429	the best mucoadhesive properties	1398:1429	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	4	19	theme	morphology	790:799	arg1	terms					771:775	terms	771:775	terms of yield and morphology	771:799	Spray-dried microparticles were prepared with different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios and characterized in terms of yield and morphology.
26505621	9	20	theme	chitosan	1382:1389	arg1	excess					1372:1377	an excess	1369:1377	an excess of chitosan	1369:1389	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	2	21	theme	mucoadhesive	389:400	arg1	systems					411:417	mucoadhesive delivery systems	389:417	mucoadhesive delivery systems	389:417	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	0	22	theme	Mucoadhesive	0:11	arg1	Tablets					20:26	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets	0:26	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets	0:26	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Based on Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride.
26505621	1	23	theme	hepatic	277:283	arg1	mechanisms					312:321	hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	277:321	hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	277:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	1	24	theme	Propranolol	112:122	arg1	administration					124:137	Propranolol administration	112:137	Propranolol administration through buccal route	112:158	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	4	25	theme	different	709:717	arg1	ratios					743:748	different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	709:748	different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	709:748	Spray-dried microparticles were prepared with different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios and characterized in terms of yield and morphology.
26505621	8	26	theme	technological	1264:1276	arg1	characteristics					1293:1307	different technological and functional characteristics	1254:1307	different technological and functional characteristics	1254:1307	Moreover, buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles showed different technological and functional characteristics in virtue of their composition.
26505621	6	27	dep	In	893:894	arg1	vitro					896:900	vitro	896:900	vitro	896:900	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	7	28	theme	different	1109:1117	arg1	morphology					1119:1128	a different morphology	1107:1128	a different morphology based on the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1107:1182	Microparticles showed a different morphology based on the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios.
26505621	3	29	theme	mucoadhesive	551:562	arg1	tablets					564:570	mucoadhesive tablets	551:570	mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride	551:660	The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	2	30	theme	promising	436:444	arg1	approach					446:453	a promising approach	434:453	a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa	434:511	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	8	31	theme	different	1254:1262	arg1	characteristics					1293:1307	different technological and functional characteristics	1254:1307	different technological and functional characteristics	1254:1307	Moreover, buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles showed different technological and functional characteristics in virtue of their composition.
26505621	1	32	theme	intestinal	289:298	arg1	mechanisms					312:321	hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	277:321	hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	277:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	6	33	theme	release	930:936	arg1	tests					954:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	1	34	theme	oral	225:228	arg1	mucosa					230:235	the oral mucosa	221:235	the oral mucosa	221:235	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	0	35	theme	Chitosan/Gelatin	37:52	arg1	Microparticles					54:67	Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles	37:67	Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride	37:109	Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Based on Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride.
26505621	1	36	theme	degradation	300:310	arg1	mechanisms					312:321	hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	277:321	hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	277:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	9	37	theme	hydrochloride	1571:1583	arg1	administration					1541:1554	buccal administration	1534:1554	buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride	1534:1583	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	9	38	with	tablets	1356:1362	arg1	excess					1372:1377	an excess	1369:1377	an excess of chitosan	1369:1389	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	1	39	theme	mechanisms	312:321	arg1	avoidance					264:272	avoidance	264:272	avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	264:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	1	39	theme	mechanisms	312:321	arg1	mucosa					230:235	the oral mucosa	221:235	the oral mucosa	221:235	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	1	39	theme	mechanisms	312:321	arg1	onset					243:247	fast onset	238:247	fast onset of action	238:257	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	6	40	theme	mucoadhesion	916:927	arg1	tests					954:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	3	41	theme	buccal	617:622	arg1	delivery					624:631	buccal delivery	617:631	buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride	617:660	The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	6	42	theme	buccal	1070:1075	arg1	mucosa					1077:1082	buccal mucosa	1070:1082	buccal mucosa	1070:1082	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	2	43	theme	close	476:480	arg1	contact					482:488	a close contact	474:488	a close contact with the buccal mucosa	474:511	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	9	44	theme	mucoadhesive	1407:1418	arg1	properties					1420:1429	the best mucoadhesive properties	1398:1429	the best mucoadhesive properties	1398:1429	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	3	45	theme	chitosan/gelatin	581:596	arg1	microparticles					598:611	chitosan/gelatin microparticles	581:611	chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride	581:660	The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	1	46	theme	buccal	147:152	arg1	route					154:158	buccal route	147:158	buccal route	147:158	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	9	47	theme	greatest	1462:1469	arg1	amount					1476:1481	the greatest drug amount	1458:1481	the greatest drug amount among all formulations	1458:1504	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	6	48	theme	uptake	908:913	arg1	tests					954:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests	893:958	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	7	49	theme	different	1143:1151	arg1	ratios					1177:1182	the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1139:1182	the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	1139:1182	Microparticles showed a different morphology based on the different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios.
26505621	9	50	theme	buccal	1534:1539	arg1	administration					1541:1554	buccal administration	1534:1554	buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride	1534:1583	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	8	51	theme	functional	1282:1291	arg1	characteristics					1293:1307	different technological and functional characteristics	1254:1307	different technological and functional characteristics	1254:1307	Moreover, buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles showed different technological and functional characteristics in virtue of their composition.
26505621	6	52	theme	tablet	990:995	arg1	ability					997:1003	tablet ability	990:1003	tablet ability to hydrate	990:1014	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	6	53	theme	water	902:906	arg1	uptake					908:913	In vitro water uptake	893:913	In vitro water uptake	893:913	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	3	54	theme	propranolol	636:646	arg1	hydrochloride					648:660	propranolol hydrochloride	636:660	propranolol hydrochloride	636:660	The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	8	55	theme	composition	1328:1338	arg1	virtue					1312:1317	virtue	1312:1317	virtue of their composition	1312:1338	Moreover, buccal tablets based on the prepared microparticles showed different technological and functional characteristics in virtue of their composition.
26505621	2	56	theme	effective	340:348	arg1	removal					350:356	the effective removal	336:356	the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity	336:386	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	1	57	theme	fast	238:241	arg1	onset					243:247	fast onset	238:247	fast onset of action	238:257	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	3	58	theme	hydrochloride	648:660	arg1	delivery					624:631	buccal delivery	617:631	buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride	617:660	The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive tablets based on chitosan/gelatin microparticles for buccal delivery of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	4	59	theme	weight	736:741	arg1	ratios					743:748	different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	709:748	different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios	709:748	Spray-dried microparticles were prepared with different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios and characterized in terms of yield and morphology.
26505621	4	60	theme	yield	780:784	arg1	terms					771:775	terms	771:775	terms of yield and morphology	771:799	Spray-dried microparticles were prepared with different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios and characterized in terms of yield and morphology.
26505621	6	61	theme	In	893:894	arg1	uptake					908:913	In vitro water uptake	893:913	In vitro water uptake	893:913	In vitro water uptake, mucoadhesion, release, and permeation tests were performed to investigate tablet ability to hydrate, to adhere to the mucosa, and to deliver drug through buccal mucosa.
26505621	4	62	theme	Spray-dried	663:673	arg1	microparticles					675:688	Spray-dried microparticles	663:688	Spray-dried microparticles	663:688	Spray-dried microparticles were prepared with different chitosan-gelatin weight ratios and characterized in terms of yield and morphology.
26505621	1	63	theme	distinct	172:179	arg1	advantages					181:190	some distinct advantages	167:190	some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	167:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	2	64	theme	delivery	402:409	arg1	systems					411:417	mucoadhesive delivery systems	389:417	mucoadhesive delivery systems	389:417	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	9	65	theme	drug	1471:1474	arg1	amount					1476:1481	the greatest drug amount	1458:1481	the greatest drug amount among all formulations	1458:1504	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	9	66	theme	amount	1476:1481	arg1	permeation					1444:1453	the permeation	1440:1453	the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations	1440:1504	In particular, tablets with an excess of chitosan showed the best mucoadhesive properties, allowed the permeation of the greatest drug amount among all formulations, and could be promising for buccal administration of propranolol hydrochloride.
26505621	2	67	theme	buccal	374:379	arg1	cavity					381:386	the buccal cavity	370:386	the buccal cavity	370:386	To overcome the effective removal existing in the buccal cavity, mucoadhesive delivery systems are considered a promising approach as they facilitate a close contact with the buccal mucosa.
26505621	1	68	theme	action	252:257	arg1	avoidance					264:272	avoidance	264:272	avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms	264:321	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	1	68	theme	action	252:257	arg1	mucosa					230:235	the oral mucosa	221:235	the oral mucosa	221:235	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
26505621	1	68	theme	action	252:257	arg1	onset					243:247	fast onset	238:247	fast onset of action	238:257	Propranolol administration through buccal route offers some distinct advantages thanks to the easy access to the oral mucosa, fast onset of action, and avoidance of hepatic and intestinal degradation mechanisms.
25226896	5	0	theme	biomimetic	793:802	arg1	structure					804:812	a more biomimetic structure	786:812	a more biomimetic structure	786:812	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	1	1	theme	human-like	179:188	arg1	collagen/chitosan					190:206	human-like collagen/chitosan	179:206	human-like collagen/chitosan	179:206	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	2	2	theme	process	515:521	arg1	success					481:487	the success	477:487	the success of the co-electrospinning process	477:521	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	3	theme	electrospun	353:363	arg1	meshes					365:370	electrospun meshes	353:370	electrospun meshes	353:370	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	4	theme	distance	323:330	arg1	effects					285:291	the effects	281:291	the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes	281:370	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	5	5	theme	better	919:924	arg1	hemocompatibility					926:942	better hemocompatibility	919:942	better hemocompatibility	919:942	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	2	6	theme	collecting	312:321	arg1	distance					323:330	collecting distance	312:330	collecting distance	312:330	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	1	7	theme	polylactic	212:221	arg1	acid					223:226	polylactic acid	212:226	polylactic acid	212:226	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	3	8	theme	scanning	560:567	arg1	SEM					590:592	SEM	590:592	SEM	590:592	The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distribution of the fibrous diametrs was analyzed.
25226896	3	8	theme	scanning	560:567	arg1	microscopy					578:587	scanning electron microscopy	560:587	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	560:593	The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distribution of the fibrous diametrs was analyzed.
25226896	1	9	theme	Novel	93:97	arg1	scaffolds					99:107	Novel scaffolds	93:107	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering	93:139	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	5	10	theme	matrix	900:905	arg1	size					874:877	the size	870:877	the size of the extracellular matrix	870:905	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	6	11	theme	different	998:1006	arg1	solutions					1008:1016	two different solutions	994:1016	two different solutions	994:1016	This study demonstrates the feasibility of using two different solutions to construct a scaffold for blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning.
25226896	5	12	dep	showed	912:917	arg1	2					909:909	2	909:909	2	909:909	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	2	13	from	effects	285:291	arg1	morphology					339:348	the morphology	335:348	the morphology of electrospun meshes	335:370	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	0	14	theme	co-electrospun	22:35	arg1	scaffold					37:44	a co-electrospun scaffold	20:44	a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering	20:90	Characterization of a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering.
25226896	1	15	theme	room	231:234	arg1	temperature					236:246	room temperature	231:246	room temperature	231:246	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	3	16	theme	electron	569:576	arg1	SEM					590:592	SEM	590:592	SEM	590:592	The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distribution of the fibrous diametrs was analyzed.
25226896	3	16	theme	electron	569:576	arg1	microscopy					578:587	scanning electron microscopy	560:587	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	560:593	The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distribution of the fibrous diametrs was analyzed.
25226896	1	17	theme	vascular	113:120	arg1	engineering					129:139	vascular tissue engineering	113:139	vascular tissue engineering	113:139	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	2	18	theme	solution	452:459	arg1	distance					414:421	the proper collecting distance	392:421	the proper collecting distance	392:421	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	18	theme	solution	452:459	arg1	concentration					431:443	the concentration	427:443	the concentration of the solution	427:459	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	18	theme	solution	452:459	arg1	keys					469:472	the keys	465:472	the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process	465:521	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	19	theme	co-electrospinning	496:513	arg1	process					515:521	the co-electrospinning process	492:521	the co-electrospinning process	492:521	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	3	20	theme	diametrs	627:634	arg1	distribution					599:610	distribution	599:610	distribution of the fibrous diametrs	599:634	The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distribution of the fibrous diametrs was analyzed.
25226896	4	21	theme	scaffolds	681:689	arg1	Hemocompatibility					656:672	Hemocompatibility	656:672	Hemocompatibility of the scaffolds	656:689	Also, Hemocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated.
25226896	0	22	theme	scaffold	37:44	arg1	Characterization					0:15	Characterization	0:15	Characterization of a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering.	0:91	Characterization of a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering.
25226896	5	23	theme	polylactic	819:828	arg1	acid					830:833	polylactic acid	819:833	polylactic acid	819:833	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	5	24	theme	fiber	843:847	arg1	diameters					849:857	the fiber diameters	839:857	the fiber diameters	839:857	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	1	25	theme	normal	252:257	arg1	pressure					259:266	normal pressure	252:266	normal pressure	252:266	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	1	26	theme	tissue	122:127	arg1	engineering					129:139	vascular tissue engineering	113:139	vascular tissue engineering	113:139	Novel scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering were fabricated by co-electrospinning human-like collagen/chitosan and polylactic acid at room temperature and normal pressure.
25226896	0	27	theme	HLC/CS/PLA	49:58	arg1	scaffold					37:44	a co-electrospun scaffold	20:44	a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering	20:90	Characterization of a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering.
25226896	5	28	dep	had	782:784	arg1	1					779:779	1	779:779	1	779:779	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	3	29	theme	fibrous	619:625	arg1	diametrs					627:634	the fibrous diametrs	615:634	the fibrous diametrs	615:634	The scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and distribution of the fibrous diametrs was analyzed.
25226896	2	30	theme	composition	296:306	arg1	effects					285:291	the effects	281:291	the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes	281:370	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	6	31	theme	vessel	1052:1057	arg1	engineering					1066:1076	blood vessel tissue engineering	1046:1076	blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning	1046:1098	This study demonstrates the feasibility of using two different solutions to construct a scaffold for blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning.
25226896	2	32	theme	meshes	365:370	arg1	morphology					339:348	the morphology	335:348	the morphology of electrospun meshes	335:370	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	6	33	theme	blood	1046:1050	arg1	engineering					1066:1076	blood vessel tissue engineering	1046:1076	blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning	1046:1098	This study demonstrates the feasibility of using two different solutions to construct a scaffold for blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning.
25226896	0	34	theme	tissue	73:78	arg1	engineering					80:90	vascular tissue engineering	64:90	vascular tissue engineering	64:90	Characterization of a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering.
25226896	6	35	theme	tissue	1059:1064	arg1	engineering					1066:1076	blood vessel tissue engineering	1046:1076	blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning	1046:1098	This study demonstrates the feasibility of using two different solutions to construct a scaffold for blood vessel tissue engineering by co-electrospinning.
25226896	2	36	theme	collecting	403:412	arg1	distance					414:421	the proper collecting distance	392:421	the proper collecting distance	392:421	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	36	theme	collecting	403:412	arg1	concentration					431:443	the concentration	427:443	the concentration of the solution	427:459	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	36	theme	collecting	403:412	arg1	keys					469:472	the keys	465:472	the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process	465:521	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	5	37	theme	extracellular	886:898	arg1	matrix					900:905	the extracellular matrix	882:905	the extracellular matrix	882:905	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
25226896	0	38	theme	vascular	64:71	arg1	engineering					80:90	vascular tissue engineering	64:90	vascular tissue engineering	64:90	Characterization of a co-electrospun scaffold of HLC/CS/PLA for vascular tissue engineering.
25226896	2	39	theme	proper	396:401	arg1	distance					414:421	the proper collecting distance	392:421	the proper collecting distance	392:421	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	39	theme	proper	396:401	arg1	concentration					431:443	the concentration	427:443	the concentration of the solution	427:459	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	2	39	theme	proper	396:401	arg1	keys					469:472	the keys	465:472	the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process	465:521	By studying the effects of composition and collecting distance on the morphology of electrospun meshes, we determined that the proper collecting distance and the concentration of the solution are the keys to the success of the co-electrospinning process.
25226896	5	40	dep	scaffolds	734:742	arg1	fabricated					744:753	fabricated	744:753	scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning	734:775	The results indicated that scaffolds fabricated by co-electrospinning: (1) had a more biomimetic structure than polylactic acid, as the fiber diameters approached the size of the extracellular matrix; (2) showed better hemocompatibility.
28880464	0	0	theme	rat	107:109	arg1	model					136:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	3	1	theme	loading	745:751	arg1	amount					753:758	the initial loading amount	733:758	the initial loading amount	733:758	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	1	2	theme	interface	185:193	arg1	repair					156:161	Insufficient repair	143:161	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients	143:239	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	1	2	theme	interface	185:193	arg1	challenge					264:272	a significant challenge	250:272	a significant challenge in orthopedics	250:287	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	4	3	dep	side	1295:1298	arg1	prevention					1301:1310	prevention	1301:1310	prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site	1301:1358	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	4	theme	tissue	1323:1328	arg1	invasion					1330:1337	fibrous tissue invasion	1315:1337	fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site	1315:1358	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	5	theme	avulsion	869:876	arg1	model					878:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	6	theme	morphogenetic	378:390	arg1	protein-2					392:400	bone morphogenetic protein-2	373:400	bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2	373:407	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	7	theme	complementary	1090:1102	arg1	effect					1104:1109	their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration)	1084:1423	their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration)	1084:1423	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	8	theme	multiphasic	1123:1133	arg1	structure					1135:1143	a multiphasic structure	1121:1143	a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure	1121:1202	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	0	9	theme	tendon	120:125	arg1	model					136:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	4	10	theme	BTI	981:983	arg1	injury					985:990	the BTI injury	977:990	the BTI injury	977:990	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	6	11	dep	Res	1472:1474	arg1	A					1481:1481	Part A	1476:1481	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 115-125, 2018.	1457:1503	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 115-125, 2018.
28880464	6	11	dep	Res	1472:1474	arg1	106A					1484:1487	106A	1484:1487	106A	1484:1487	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 115-125, 2018.
28880464	2	12	theme	factor	317:322	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	3	13	dep	∼80	725:727	arg1	to					722:723	to	722:723	to	722:723	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	0	14	theme	patellar	111:118	arg1	model					136:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	4	15	dep	side	1385:1388	arg1	guidance					1391:1398	guidance	1391:1398	guidance for tissue regeneration	1391:1422	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	16	theme	native	1187:1192	arg1	structure					1194:1202	a native structure	1185:1202	a native structure	1185:1202	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	17	theme	porous	1247:1252	arg1	membrane					1254:1261	the asymmetrically porous membrane	1228:1261	the asymmetrically porous membrane	1228:1261	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	18	theme	growth	310:315	arg1	[PDGF-BB					359:366	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	2	18	theme	growth	310:315	arg1	factor					317:322	growth factor	310:322	growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB]	310:367	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	19	theme	injury	985:990	arg1	regeneration					961:972	the regeneration	957:972	the regeneration of the BTI injury	957:990	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	20	dep	barrier	1277:1283	arg1	side					1295:1298	nanopore side	1286:1298	nanopore side	1286:1298	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	1	21	with	repair	156:161	arg1	gradients					231:239	structural/compositional gradients	206:239	structural/compositional gradients	206:239	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	2	22	theme	dual	305:308	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	0	23	theme	avulsion	127:134	arg1	model					136:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	rat patellar tendon avulsion model	107:140	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	3	24	theme	amount	753:758	arg1	amount					753:758	the initial loading amount	733:758	the initial loading amount	733:758	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	3	24	theme	amount	753:758	arg1	%					728:728	up to ∼80%	719:728	up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount	719:758	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	4	25	theme	tendon	862:867	arg1	model					878:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	26	theme	factors	1051:1057	arg1	release					1028:1034	the continuous release	1013:1034	the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration)	1013:1423	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	27	theme	polycaprolactone	423:438	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	28	dep	scaffold	1365:1372	arg1	side					1385:1388	micropore side	1375:1388	micropore side	1375:1388	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	6	29	dep	106A	1484:1487	arg1	115-125					1490:1496	115-125	1490:1496	115-125	1490:1496	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 115-125, 2018.
28880464	2	30	theme	factor-BB	349:357	arg1	[PDGF-BB					359:366	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	2	30	theme	factor-BB	349:357	arg1	factor					317:322	growth factor	310:322	growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB]	310:367	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	31	dep	membrane	936:943	arg1	accelerates					945:955	accelerates	945:955	accelerates	945:955	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	32	theme	-immobilized	410:421	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	0	33	theme	Dual	0:3	arg1	growth					5:10	Dual growth	0:10	Dual growth	0:10	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	3	34	theme	significant	784:794	arg1	burst					804:808	a significant initial burst	782:808	a significant initial burst	782:808	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	4	35	theme	growth	1044:1049	arg1	factors					1051:1057	both growth factors	1039:1057	both growth factors (biological stimuli)	1039:1078	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	35	theme	growth	1044:1049	arg1	stimuli					1071:1077	biological stimuli	1060:1077	biological stimuli	1060:1077	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	36	theme	growth	342:347	arg1	factor-BB					349:357	platelet-derived growth factor-BB	325:357	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	1	37	theme	structural/compositional	206:229	arg1	gradients					231:239	structural/compositional gradients	206:239	structural/compositional gradients	206:239	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	2	38	theme	porous	475:480	arg1	membrane					482:489	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	3	39	theme	initial	796:802	arg1	burst					804:808	a significant initial burst	782:808	a significant initial burst	782:808	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	2	40	theme	platelet-derived	325:340	arg1	factor-BB					349:357	platelet-derived growth factor-BB	325:357	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	41	theme	continuous	1017:1026	arg1	release					1028:1034	the continuous release	1013:1034	the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration)	1013:1423	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	42	theme	F127	455:458	arg1	membrane					482:489	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	43	theme	biological	1060:1069	arg1	factors					1051:1057	both growth factors	1039:1057	both growth factors (biological stimuli)	1039:1078	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	43	theme	biological	1060:1069	arg1	stimuli					1071:1077	biological stimuli	1060:1077	biological stimuli	1060:1077	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	44	theme	injury	592:597	arg1	regeneration					572:583	effective regeneration	562:583	effective regeneration of BTI injury	562:597	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	45	theme	tissue	1404:1409	arg1	regeneration					1411:1422	tissue regeneration	1404:1422	tissue regeneration	1404:1422	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	3	46	theme	growth	604:609	arg1	interactions					658:669	heparin-intermediated interactions	636:669	heparin-intermediated interactions	636:669	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	3	46	theme	growth	604:609	arg1	factors					611:617	The growth factors	600:617	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane	600:686	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	3	47	dep	immobilized	619:629	arg1	interactions					658:669	heparin-intermediated interactions	636:669	heparin-intermediated interactions	636:669	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	3	47	dep	immobilized	619:629	arg1	factors					611:617	The growth factors	600:617	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane	600:686	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	2	48	theme	/Pluronic	445:453	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	49	theme	micropore	1375:1383	arg1	side					1385:1388	micropore side	1375:1388	micropore side	1375:1388	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	50	theme	BTI	588:590	arg1	injury					592:597	BTI injury	588:597	BTI injury	588:597	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	6	51	theme	Part	1476:1479	arg1	A					1481:1481	Part A	1476:1481	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 115-125, 2018.	1457:1503	J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 115-125, 2018.
28880464	3	52	theme	heparin-intermediated	636:656	arg1	interactions					658:669	heparin-intermediated interactions	636:669	heparin-intermediated interactions	636:669	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	3	52	theme	heparin-intermediated	636:656	arg1	factors					611:617	The growth factors	600:617	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane	600:686	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	4	53	dep	in	820:821	arg1	vivo					823:826	vivo	823:826	vivo	823:826	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	0	54	theme	porous	46:51	arg1	membrane					53:60	asymmetrically porous membrane	31:60	asymmetrically porous membrane	31:60	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	2	55	link	platelet-derived	325:340	arg1	factor-BB					349:357	platelet-derived growth factor-BB	325:357	platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB	325:366	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	2	56	theme	PCL	441:443	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	0	57	theme	bone-to-tendon	66:79	arg1	regeneration					91:102	bone-to-tendon interface regeneration	66:102	bone-to-tendon interface regeneration	66:102	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	4	58	theme	defect	1348:1353	arg1	site					1355:1358	the defect site	1344:1358	the defect site	1344:1358	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	59	theme	PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized	910:934	arg1	membrane					936:943	the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane	906:943	the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane	906:943	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	60	theme	nanopore	1286:1293	arg1	side					1295:1298	nanopore side	1286:1298	nanopore side	1286:1298	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	61	theme	patellar	853:860	arg1	model					878:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	62	theme	fibrous	1315:1321	arg1	invasion					1330:1337	fibrous tissue invasion	1315:1337	fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site	1315:1358	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	63	theme	bone	373:376	arg1	protein-2					392:400	bone morphogenetic protein-2	373:400	bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2	373:407	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	4	64	theme	invasion	1330:1337	arg1	prevention					1301:1310	prevention	1301:1310	prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site	1301:1358	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	65	theme	rat	849:851	arg1	model					878:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	847:882	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	66	dep	structure	1135:1143	arg1	fibrocartilage					1152:1165	fibrocartilage	1152:1165	fibrocartilage	1152:1165	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	66	dep	structure	1135:1143	arg1	tendon					1172:1177	tendon	1172:1177	tendon	1172:1177	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	66	dep	structure	1135:1143	arg1	bone					1146:1149	bone	1146:1149	bone	1146:1149	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	1	67	theme	Insufficient	143:154	arg1	repair					156:161	Insufficient repair	143:161	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients	143:239	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	1	67	theme	Insufficient	143:154	arg1	challenge					264:272	a significant challenge	250:272	a significant challenge in orthopedics	250:287	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	4	68	theme	membrane	1254:1261	arg1	role					1220:1223	the role	1216:1223	the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration)	1216:1423	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	68	theme	membrane	1254:1261	arg1	structure					1135:1143	a multiphasic structure	1121:1143	a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure	1121:1202	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	69	theme	effect	1104:1109	arg1	release					1028:1034	the continuous release	1013:1034	the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration)	1013:1423	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	1	70	theme	significant	252:262	arg1	repair					156:161	Insufficient repair	143:161	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients	143:239	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	1	70	theme	significant	252:262	arg1	challenge					264:272	a significant challenge	250:272	a significant challenge in orthopedics	250:287	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	1	71	from	challenge	264:272	arg1	orthopedics					277:287	orthopedics	277:287	orthopedics	277:287	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	4	72	theme	physical	1268:1275	arg1	barrier					1277:1283	a physical barrier	1266:1283	a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site)	1266:1359	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	4	73	theme	in	820:821	arg1	study					835:839	the in vivo animal study	816:839	the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	816:882	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	1	74	theme	bone-to-tendon	170:183	arg1	BTI					196:198	BTI	196:198	BTI	196:198	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	1	74	theme	bone-to-tendon	170:183	arg1	interface					185:193	the bone-to-tendon interface	166:193	the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI)	166:199	Insufficient repair of the bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) with structural/compositional gradients has been a significant challenge in orthopedics.
28880464	2	75	theme	potential	539:547	arg1	strategy					549:556	a potential strategy	537:556	a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury	537:597	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	2	76	theme	protein-2	392:400	arg1	[BMP-2					402:407	bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2	373:407	bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2	373:407	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	5	77	dep	©	1426:1426	arg1	Inc.					1452:1455	Inc.	1452:1455	Inc.	1452:1455	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
28880464	0	78	theme	interface	81:89	arg1	regeneration					91:102	bone-to-tendon interface regeneration	66:102	bone-to-tendon interface regeneration	66:102	Dual growth factor-immobilized asymmetrically porous membrane for bone-to-tendon interface regeneration on rat patellar tendon avulsion model.
28880464	3	79	theme	initial	737:743	arg1	amount					753:758	the initial loading amount	733:758	the initial loading amount	733:758	The growth factors immobilized (via heparin-intermediated interactions) on the membrane were continuously released for up to ∼80% of the initial loading amount after 5 weeks without a significant initial burst.
28880464	4	80	theme	animal	828:833	arg1	study					835:839	the in vivo animal study	816:839	the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model	816:882	From the in vivo animal study using a rat patellar tendon avulsion model, it was observed that the PDGF-BB/BMP-2-immobilized membrane accelerates the regeneration of the BTI injury, probably because of the continuous release of both growth factors (biological stimuli) and their complementary effect to create a multiphasic structure (bone, fibrocartilage, and tendon) like a native structure, as well as the role of the asymmetrically porous membrane as a physical barrier (nanopore side; prevention of fibrous tissue invasion into the defect site) and scaffold (micropore side; guidance for tissue regeneration).
28880464	2	81	theme	[BMP-2	402:407	arg1	F127					455:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127	305:458	dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane	305:489	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
28880464	2	82	theme	effective	562:570	arg1	regeneration					572:583	effective regeneration	562:583	effective regeneration of BTI injury	562:597	In this study, dual growth factor (platelet-derived growth factor-BB [PDGF-BB] and bone morphogenetic protein-2 [BMP-2])-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 asymmetrically porous membrane was fabricated to estimate its feasibility as a potential strategy for effective regeneration of BTI injury.
26652464	5	0	theme	SEM	771:773	arg1	studies					775:781	SEM studies	771:781	SEM studies	771:781	SEM studies revealed spheroid microparticles in the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm.
26652464	8	1	dep	In	1162:1163	arg1	vitro					1165:1169	vitro	1165:1169	vitro	1165:1169	In vitro release studies showed that the microparticle composition can partly modulate the release of RH.
26652464	9	2	dep	co-formulated	1352:1364	arg1	compared					1400:1407	compared	1400:1407	compared to the control	1400:1422	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	1	3	theme	present	166:172	arg1	study					174:178	the present study	162:178	the present study	162:178	In the present study we investigated polymer-lipid microparticles loaded with ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for nasal delivery.
26652464	1	4	theme	nasal	271:275	arg1	delivery					277:284	nasal delivery	271:284	nasal delivery	271:284	In the present study we investigated polymer-lipid microparticles loaded with ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for nasal delivery.
26652464	3	5	theme	In	519:520	arg1	studies					536:542	In vitro release studies	519:542	In vitro release studies	519:542	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	6	6	theme	slight	900:905	arg1	shift					907:911	a slight shift	898:911	a slight shift towards less negative ζ-potential values	898:952	The presence of trimethylchitosan (TMC) induced a slight shift towards less negative ζ-potential values.
26652464	7	7	theme	Surface	955:961	arg1	chemistry					963:971	Surface chemistry	955:971	Surface chemistry (XPS)	955:977	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	7	7	theme	Surface	955:961	arg1	XPS					974:976	XPS	974:976	XPS	974:976	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	11	8	theme	RH	1593:1594	arg1	delivery					1581:1588	the nasal delivery	1571:1588	the nasal delivery of RH	1571:1594	The results suggest that polymer-lipid microparticles may be a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH.
26652464	2	9	theme	scanning	340:347	arg1	SEM					370:372	SEM	370:372	SEM	370:372	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	9	theme	scanning	340:347	arg1	microscopy					358:367	scanning electron microscopy	340:367	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	340:373	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	7	10	theme	FT-IR	1138:1142	arg1	findings					1152:1159	the FT-IR and XRD findings	1134:1159	findings	1152:1159	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	0	11	dep	ex	117:118	arg1	vivo					120:123	vivo	120:123	vivo	120:123	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	4	12	theme	human	731:735	arg1	Calu-3					762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	4	12	theme	human	731:735	arg1	cells					755:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells	722:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3)	722:768	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	8	13	theme	In	1162:1163	arg1	studies					1179:1185	In vitro release studies	1162:1185	In vitro release studies	1162:1185	In vitro release studies showed that the microparticle composition can partly modulate the release of RH.
26652464	9	14	theme	2.35-folded	1299:1309	arg1	enhancement					1311:1321	a 2.35-folded enhancement	1297:1321	a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation	1297:1338	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	5	15	theme	2.41μm	842:847	arg1	range					823:827	the range	819:827	the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm	819:847	SEM studies revealed spheroid microparticles in the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm.
26652464	2	16	theme	Fourier-transform	402:418	arg1	FT-IR					443:447	FT-IR	443:447	FT-IR	443:447	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	16	theme	Fourier-transform	402:418	arg1	spectroscopy					429:440	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	402:440	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	402:448	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	17	theme	x-ray	494:498	arg1	XRD					513:515	XRD	513:515	XRD	513:515	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	17	theme	x-ray	494:498	arg1	diffraction					500:510	x-ray diffraction	494:510	x-ray diffraction (XRD)	494:516	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	11	18	theme	promising	1549:1557	arg1	microparticles					1525:1538	polymer-lipid microparticles	1511:1538	polymer-lipid microparticles	1511:1538	The results suggest that polymer-lipid microparticles may be a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH.
26652464	11	18	theme	promising	1549:1557	arg1	carrier					1559:1565	a promising carrier	1547:1565	a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH	1547:1594	The results suggest that polymer-lipid microparticles may be a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH.
26652464	2	19	theme	infrared	420:427	arg1	FT-IR					443:447	FT-IR	443:447	FT-IR	443:447	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	19	theme	infrared	420:427	arg1	spectroscopy					429:440	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy	402:440	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)	402:448	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	0	20	theme	spray-dried	28:38	arg1	microparticles					40:53	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles	0:53	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.	0:157	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	3	21	theme	release	528:534	arg1	studies					536:542	In vitro release studies	519:542	In vitro release studies	519:542	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	0	22	dep	in	107:108	arg1	vitro					110:114	vitro	110:114	vitro	110:114	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	1	23	theme	polymer-lipid	196:208	arg1	microparticles					210:223	polymer-lipid microparticles	196:223	polymer-lipid microparticles loaded with ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for nasal delivery	196:284	In the present study we investigated polymer-lipid microparticles loaded with ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for nasal delivery.
26652464	0	24	theme	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan	0:26	arg1	microparticles					40:53	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles	0:53	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.	0:157	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	9	25	theme	RH	1326:1327	arg1	permeation					1329:1338	RH permeation	1326:1338	RH permeation	1326:1338	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	3	26	dep	In	519:520	arg1	vitro					522:526	vitro	522:526	vitro	522:526	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	6	27	theme	trimethylchitosan	866:882	arg1	presence					854:861	The presence	850:861	The presence of trimethylchitosan (TMC)	850:888	The presence of trimethylchitosan (TMC) induced a slight shift towards less negative ζ-potential values.
26652464	2	28	theme	photoelectron	457:469	arg1	spectroscopy					471:482	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	451:482	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	451:488	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	28	theme	photoelectron	457:469	arg1	XPS					485:487	XPS	485:487	XPS	485:487	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	4	29	theme	epithelial	744:753	arg1	Calu-3					762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	4	29	theme	epithelial	744:753	arg1	cells					755:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells	722:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3)	722:768	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	0	30	theme	cytocompatibility	129:145	arg1	assessment					147:156	cytocompatibility assessment	129:156	cytocompatibility assessment	129:156	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	11	31	theme	polymer-lipid	1511:1523	arg1	microparticles					1525:1538	polymer-lipid microparticles	1511:1538	polymer-lipid microparticles	1511:1538	The results suggest that polymer-lipid microparticles may be a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH.
26652464	11	31	theme	polymer-lipid	1511:1523	arg1	carrier					1559:1565	a promising carrier	1547:1565	a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH	1547:1594	The results suggest that polymer-lipid microparticles may be a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH.
26652464	3	32	theme	simulated	562:570	arg1	SNES					600:603	SNES	600:603	SNES	600:603	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	3	32	theme	simulated	562:570	arg1	solution					590:597	simulated nasal electrolyte solution	562:597	simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa	562:687	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	2	33	theme	X-ray	451:455	arg1	spectroscopy					471:482	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	451:482	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)	451:488	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	33	theme	X-ray	451:455	arg1	XPS					485:487	XPS	485:487	XPS	485:487	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	9	34	dep	Ex	1268:1269	arg1	vivo					1271:1274	vivo	1271:1274	vivo	1271:1274	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	3	35	theme	nasal	572:576	arg1	SNES					600:603	SNES	600:603	SNES	600:603	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	3	35	theme	nasal	572:576	arg1	solution					590:597	simulated nasal electrolyte solution	562:597	simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa	562:687	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	3	36	dep	35°C.	615:619	arg1	conducted					653:661	conducted	653:661	were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa	648:687	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	0	37	theme	nasal	63:67	arg1	delivery					69:76	the nasal delivery	59:76	the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride	59:104	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	7	38	theme	lactic-co-glycolic	1050:1067	arg1	poly					1045:1048	poly	1045:1048	poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)	1045:1080	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	7	38	theme	lactic-co-glycolic	1050:1067	arg1	acid					1069:1072	lactic-co-glycolic acid	1050:1072	lactic-co-glycolic acid	1050:1072	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	3	39	dep	Ex	621:622	arg1	vivo					624:627	vivo	624:627	vivo	624:627	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	8	40	theme	release	1171:1177	arg1	studies					1179:1185	In vitro release studies	1162:1185	In vitro release studies	1162:1185	In vitro release studies showed that the microparticle composition can partly modulate the release of RH.
26652464	1	41	theme	ropinirole	237:246	arg1	RH					263:264	RH	263:264	RH	263:264	In the present study we investigated polymer-lipid microparticles loaded with ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for nasal delivery.
26652464	1	41	theme	ropinirole	237:246	arg1	hydrochloride					248:260	ropinirole hydrochloride	237:260	ropinirole hydrochloride (RH)	237:265	In the present study we investigated polymer-lipid microparticles loaded with ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) for nasal delivery.
26652464	5	42	theme	spheroid	792:799	arg1	microparticles					801:814	spheroid microparticles	792:814	spheroid microparticles in the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm	792:847	SEM studies revealed spheroid microparticles in the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm.
26652464	3	43	theme	permeation	629:638	arg1	studies					640:646	Ex vivo permeation studies	621:646	Ex vivo permeation studies	621:646	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	7	44	theme	XRD	1148:1150	arg1	findings					1152:1159	the FT-IR and XRD findings	1134:1159	findings	1152:1159	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	11	45	theme	nasal	1575:1579	arg1	delivery					1581:1588	the nasal delivery	1571:1588	the nasal delivery of RH	1571:1594	The results suggest that polymer-lipid microparticles may be a promising carrier for the nasal delivery of RH.
26652464	6	46	theme	negative	926:933	arg1	values					947:952	less negative ζ-potential values	921:952	less negative ζ-potential values	921:952	The presence of trimethylchitosan (TMC) induced a slight shift towards less negative ζ-potential values.
26652464	7	47	theme	poly	1045:1048	arg1	presence					992:999	the presence	988:999	the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface	988:1109	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	9	48	theme	permeation	1329:1338	arg1	enhancement					1311:1321	a 2.35-folded enhancement	1297:1321	a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation	1297:1338	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	4	49	theme	cultured	722:729	arg1	Calu-3					762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	4	49	theme	cultured	722:729	arg1	cells					755:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells	722:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3)	722:768	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	8	50	theme	microparticle	1203:1215	arg1	composition					1217:1227	the microparticle composition	1199:1227	the microparticle composition	1199:1227	In vitro release studies showed that the microparticle composition can partly modulate the release of RH.
26652464	6	51	theme	ζ-potential	935:945	arg1	values					947:952	less negative ζ-potential values	921:952	less negative ζ-potential values	921:952	The presence of trimethylchitosan (TMC) induced a slight shift towards less negative ζ-potential values.
26652464	9	52	theme	Ex	1268:1269	arg1	studies					1276:1282	Ex vivo studies	1268:1282	Ex vivo studies	1268:1282	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	3	53	theme	nasal	676:680	arg1	mucosa					682:687	sheep nasal mucosa	670:687	sheep nasal mucosa	670:687	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	3	54	theme	electrolyte	578:588	arg1	SNES					600:603	SNES	600:603	SNES	600:603	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	3	54	theme	electrolyte	578:588	arg1	solution					590:597	simulated nasal electrolyte solution	562:597	simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa	562:687	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	3	55	theme	Ex	621:622	arg1	studies					640:646	Ex vivo permeation studies	621:646	Ex vivo permeation studies	621:646	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	2	56	theme	RH	287:288	arg1	microparticles					290:303	RH microparticles	287:303	RH microparticles	287:303	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	7	57	theme	dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine	1004:1032	arg1	presence					992:999	the presence	988:999	the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface	988:1109	Surface chemistry (XPS) revealed the presence of dipalmitoylphospatidylcholine (DPPC) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) onto microparticles' surface, further corroborating the FT-IR and XRD findings.
26652464	4	58	theme	airway	737:742	arg1	Calu-3					762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Calu-3	762:767	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	4	58	theme	airway	737:742	arg1	cells					755:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells	722:759	cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3)	722:768	Cytocompatibility was tested in cultured human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3).
26652464	8	59	theme	RH	1264:1265	arg1	release					1253:1259	the release	1249:1259	the release of RH	1249:1265	In vitro release studies showed that the microparticle composition can partly modulate the release of RH.
26652464	0	60	dep	microparticles	40:53	arg1	assessment					147:156	cytocompatibility assessment	129:156	cytocompatibility assessment	129:156	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	0	60	dep	microparticles	40:53	arg1	in					107:108	in	107:108	in	107:108	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	0	60	dep	microparticles	40:53	arg1	ex					117:118	ex	117:118	ex	117:118	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	2	61	theme	electron	349:356	arg1	SEM					370:372	SEM	370:372	SEM	370:372	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	2	61	theme	electron	349:356	arg1	microscopy					358:367	scanning electron microscopy	340:367	scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	340:373	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	9	62	theme	low	1378:1380	arg1	weight					1392:1397	low molecular weight	1378:1397	low molecular weight	1378:1397	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	0	63	theme	hydrochloride	92:104	arg1	delivery					69:76	the nasal delivery	59:76	the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride	59:104	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	3	64	theme	sheep	670:674	arg1	mucosa					682:687	sheep nasal mucosa	670:687	sheep nasal mucosa	670:687	In vitro release studies were performed in simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES) pH5.5 at 35°C. Ex vivo permeation studies were conducted across sheep nasal mucosa.
26652464	9	65	theme	molecular	1382:1390	arg1	weight					1392:1397	low molecular weight	1378:1397	low molecular weight	1378:1397	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26652464	0	66	theme	ropinirole	81:90	arg1	hydrochloride					92:104	ropinirole hydrochloride	81:104	ropinirole hydrochloride	81:104	PLGA/DPPC/trimethylchitosan spray-dried microparticles for the nasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: in vitro, ex vivo and cytocompatibility assessment.
26652464	5	67	from	microparticles	801:814	arg1	range					823:827	the range	819:827	the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm	819:847	SEM studies revealed spheroid microparticles in the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm.
26652464	5	68	dep	2.41μm	842:847	arg1	to					839:840	to	839:840	to	839:840	SEM studies revealed spheroid microparticles in the range of 2.09μm to 2.41μm.
26652464	2	69	theme	ζ-potential	376:386	arg1	measurements					388:399	ζ-potential measurements	376:399	ζ-potential measurements	376:399	RH microparticles were further evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ζ-potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
26652464	9	70	theme	weight	1392:1397	arg1	TMC					1371:1373	TMC	1371:1373	TMC of low molecular weight	1371:1397	Ex vivo studies demonstrated a 2.35-folded enhancement of RH permeation when RH was co-formulated with TMC of low molecular weight, compared to the control.
26428133	5	0	theme	absorbing	682:690	arg1	capacity					692:699	maximum water absorbing capacity	668:699	maximum water absorbing capacity	668:699	A systematic study was done to find the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions for maximum water absorbing capacity.
26428133	8	1	theme	rapid	1104:1108	arg1	uptake					1125:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	4	2	theme	chitosan-EDTA	510:522	arg1	adduct					524:529	chitosan-EDTA adduct	510:529	chitosan-EDTA adduct	510:529	CHEDUR exhibits a very high water uptake capacity when compared with chitosan, chitosan-EDTA adduct, as well as a commercial diaper material.
26428133	5	3	theme	systematic	575:584	arg1	study					586:590	A systematic study	573:590	A systematic study	573:590	A systematic study was done to find the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions for maximum water absorbing capacity.
26428133	6	4	theme	EDTA	948:951	arg1	component					953:961	the EDTA component	944:961	the EDTA component	944:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	7	5	theme	other	968:972	arg1	advantage					984:992	The other potential advantage	964:992	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR	964:1002	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR is that it can be expected to degrade in soil based on its chitosan backbone.
26428133	2	6	theme	molecules	251:259	arg1	crosslinking					226:237	the crosslinking	222:237	the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction	222:332	CHEDUR is probably formed through the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction.
26428133	8	7	theme	material	1220:1227	arg1	ingredient					1195:1204	biodegradable active ingredient	1174:1204	biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material	1174:1227	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	5	8	theme	reaction	644:651	arg1	conditions					653:662	reaction conditions	644:662	the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions	609:662	A systematic study was done to find the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions for maximum water absorbing capacity.
26428133	0	9	from	EDTA	50:53	arg1	material					26:33	Super water-absorbing new material	0:33	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.	0:63	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.
26428133	7	10	theme	potential	974:982	arg1	advantage					984:992	The other potential advantage	964:992	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR	964:1002	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR is that it can be expected to degrade in soil based on its chitosan backbone.
26428133	6	11	theme	vital	720:724	arg1	role					726:729	a vital role	718:729	a vital role	718:729	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	2	12	theme	chitosan	242:249	arg1	CH					262:263	CH	262:263	CH	262:263	CHEDUR is probably formed through the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction.
26428133	2	12	theme	chitosan	242:249	arg1	molecules					251:259	chitosan molecules	242:259	chitosan molecules (CH)	242:264	CHEDUR is probably formed through the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction.
26428133	6	13	theme	slow	866:869	arg1	release					871:877	the slow release	862:877	the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	862:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	6	14	theme	water	800:804	arg1	absorption					769:778	rapid absorption	763:778	rapid absorption	763:778	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	6	14	theme	water	800:804	arg1	release					789:795	slow release	784:795	slow release	784:795	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	3	15	theme	other	357:361	arg1	products					363:370	the other products	353:370	CHEDUR as well as the other products formed in control reactions	335:398	CHEDUR as well as the other products formed in control reactions are characterized extensively.
26428133	0	16	from	chitosan	40:47	arg1	material					26:33	Super water-absorbing new material	0:33	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.	0:63	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.
26428133	6	17	theme	urea	882:885	arg1	release					871:877	the slow release	862:877	the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	862:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	0	18	theme	water-absorbing	6:20	arg1	material					26:33	Super water-absorbing new material	0:33	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.	0:63	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.
26428133	7	19	theme	chitosan	1063:1070	arg1	backbone					1072:1079	its chitosan backbone	1059:1079	its chitosan backbone	1059:1079	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR is that it can be expected to degrade in soil based on its chitosan backbone.
26428133	1	20	theme	new	67:69	arg1	CHEDUR					180:185	CHEDUR	180:185	CHEDUR	180:185	A new, super water-absorbing, material is synthesized by the reaction between chitosan, EDTA and urea and named as CHEDUR.
26428133	1	20	theme	new	67:69	arg1	material					95:102	A new, super water-absorbing, material	65:102	material	95:102	A new, super water-absorbing, material is synthesized by the reaction between chitosan, EDTA and urea and named as CHEDUR.
26428133	0	21	theme	Super	0:4	arg1	material					26:33	Super water-absorbing new material	0:33	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.	0:63	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.
26428133	8	22	theme	new	1086:1088	arg1	material					1090:1097	The new material	1082:1097	The new material with rapid and high water uptake	1082:1130	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	5	23	theme	optimum	613:619	arg1	composition					621:631	the optimum composition	609:631	the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions	609:662	A systematic study was done to find the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions for maximum water absorbing capacity.
26428133	1	24	theme	super	72:76	arg1	CHEDUR					180:185	CHEDUR	180:185	CHEDUR	180:185	A new, super water-absorbing, material is synthesized by the reaction between chitosan, EDTA and urea and named as CHEDUR.
26428133	1	24	theme	super	72:76	arg1	material					95:102	A new, super water-absorbing, material	65:102	material	95:102	A new, super water-absorbing, material is synthesized by the reaction between chitosan, EDTA and urea and named as CHEDUR.
26428133	4	25	theme	diaper	556:561	arg1	material					563:570	a commercial diaper material	543:570	a commercial diaper material	543:570	CHEDUR exhibits a very high water uptake capacity when compared with chitosan, chitosan-EDTA adduct, as well as a commercial diaper material.
26428133	0	26	theme	new	22:24	arg1	material					26:33	Super water-absorbing new material	0:33	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.	0:63	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.
26428133	6	27	theme	slow	784:787	arg1	release					789:795	slow release	784:795	slow release	784:795	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	1	28	theme	water-absorbing	78:92	arg1	CHEDUR					180:185	CHEDUR	180:185	CHEDUR	180:185	A new, super water-absorbing, material is synthesized by the reaction between chitosan, EDTA and urea and named as CHEDUR.
26428133	1	28	theme	water-absorbing	78:92	arg1	material					95:102	A new, super water-absorbing, material	65:102	material	95:102	A new, super water-absorbing, material is synthesized by the reaction between chitosan, EDTA and urea and named as CHEDUR.
26428133	4	29	theme	commercial	545:554	arg1	material					563:570	a commercial diaper material	543:570	a commercial diaper material	543:570	CHEDUR exhibits a very high water uptake capacity when compared with chitosan, chitosan-EDTA adduct, as well as a commercial diaper material.
26428133	6	30	theme	new	845:847	arg1	material					849:856	one new material	841:856	one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	841:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	6	31	dep	absorption	769:778	arg1	the					759:761	the	759:761	the	759:761	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	8	32	theme	high	1114:1117	arg1	uptake					1125:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	6	33	theme	ions	910:913	arg1	release					871:877	the slow release	862:877	the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	862:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	4	34	theme	water	459:463	arg1	capacity					472:479	a very high water uptake capacity	447:479	a very high water uptake capacity	447:479	CHEDUR exhibits a very high water uptake capacity when compared with chitosan, chitosan-EDTA adduct, as well as a commercial diaper material.
26428133	0	35	from	urea	59:62	arg1	material					26:33	Super water-absorbing new material	0:33	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.	0:63	Super water-absorbing new material from chitosan, EDTA and urea.
26428133	6	36	theme	metal	904:908	arg1	ions					910:913	other metal ions	898:913	other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	898:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	7	37	theme	CHEDUR	997:1002	arg1	advantage					984:992	The other potential advantage	964:992	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR	964:1002	The other potential advantage of CHEDUR is that it can be expected to degrade in soil based on its chitosan backbone.
26428133	4	38	theme	high	454:457	arg1	capacity					472:479	a very high water uptake capacity	447:479	a very high water uptake capacity	447:479	CHEDUR exhibits a very high water uptake capacity when compared with chitosan, chitosan-EDTA adduct, as well as a commercial diaper material.
26428133	8	39	theme	diaper	1213:1218	arg1	material					1220:1227	the diaper material	1209:1227	the diaper material	1209:1227	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	6	40	theme	rapid	763:767	arg1	absorption					769:778	rapid absorption	763:778	rapid absorption	763:778	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	2	41	theme	EDUR	286:289	arg1	adduct					292:297	the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct	271:297	the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction	271:332	CHEDUR is probably formed through the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction.
26428133	6	42	from	a	830:830	arg1	material					849:856	one new material	841:856	one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	841:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	8	43	theme	water	1119:1123	arg1	uptake					1125:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	4	44	theme	uptake	465:470	arg1	capacity					472:479	a very high water uptake capacity	447:479	a very high water uptake capacity	447:479	CHEDUR exhibits a very high water uptake capacity when compared with chitosan, chitosan-EDTA adduct, as well as a commercial diaper material.
26428133	2	45	theme	EDTA-urea	275:283	arg1	adduct					292:297	the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct	271:297	the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction	271:332	CHEDUR is probably formed through the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction.
26428133	6	46	theme	other	898:902	arg1	ions					910:913	other metal ions	898:913	other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	898:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	8	47	theme	active	1188:1193	arg1	ingredient					1195:1204	biodegradable active ingredient	1174:1204	biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material	1174:1227	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	8	48	theme	biodegradable	1174:1186	arg1	ingredient					1195:1204	biodegradable active ingredient	1174:1204	biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material	1174:1227	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	2	49	with	crosslinking	226:237	arg1	adduct					292:297	the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct	271:297	the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction	271:332	CHEDUR is probably formed through the crosslinking of chitosan molecules (CH) with the EDTA-urea (EDUR) adduct that is formed during the reaction.
26428133	5	50	theme	maximum	668:674	arg1	capacity					692:699	maximum water absorbing capacity	668:699	maximum water absorbing capacity	668:699	A systematic study was done to find the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions for maximum water absorbing capacity.
26428133	3	51	theme	control	382:388	arg1	reactions					390:398	control reactions	382:398	control reactions	382:398	CHEDUR as well as the other products formed in control reactions are characterized extensively.
26428133	8	52	theme	potential	1148:1156	arg1	applications					1158:1169	potential applications	1148:1169	potential applications	1148:1169	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
26428133	6	53	theme	water	888:892	arg1	release					871:877	the slow release	862:877	the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component	862:961	CHEDUR can play a vital role in applications that demand the rapid absorption and slow release of water such as agriculture, as a three in one new material for the slow release of urea, water and other metal ions that can be attached through the EDTA component.
26428133	5	54	theme	water	676:680	arg1	capacity					692:699	maximum water absorbing capacity	668:699	maximum water absorbing capacity	668:699	A systematic study was done to find the optimum composition as well as reaction conditions for maximum water absorbing capacity.
26428133	8	55	with	material	1090:1097	arg1	uptake					1125:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	rapid and high water uptake	1104:1130	The new material with rapid and high water uptake could also find potential applications as biodegradable active ingredient of the diaper material.
27453199	5	0	theme	apparent	814:821	arg1	transition					829:838	the apparent phase transition	810:838	the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes	810:875	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	6	1	theme	phase	1057:1061	arg1	temperature					1074:1084	phase transition temperature	1057:1084	phase transition temperature	1057:1084	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	1	2	theme	evolutionary	170:181	arg1	requirement					183:193	evolutionary requirement	170:193	evolutionary requirement	170:193	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	3	3	theme	convenient	367:376	arg1	source					386:391	a convenient natural source	365:391	a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors	365:472	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	3	3	theme	convenient	367:376	arg1	membranes					352:360	hippocampal membranes	340:360	hippocampal membranes	340:360	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	4	4	theme	differential	566:577	arg1	DSC					601:603	DSC	601:603	DSC	601:603	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	4	theme	differential	566:577	arg1	calorimetry					588:598	differential scanning calorimetry	566:598	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	566:604	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	5	theme	varying	1466:1472	arg1	content					1486:1492	varying cholesterol content	1466:1492	varying cholesterol content	1466:1492	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	6	theme	X-ray	622:626	arg1	SAXS					640:643	SAXS	640:643	SAXS	640:643	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	6	theme	X-ray	622:626	arg1	scattering					628:637	small angle X-ray scattering	610:637	small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)	610:644	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	3	7	theme	lipid-protein	407:419	arg1	interactions					421:432	lipid-protein interactions	407:432	lipid-protein interactions	407:432	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	6	8	theme	earlier	985:991	arg1	results					993:999	earlier results	985:999	earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration	985:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	9	9	theme	healthy	1577:1583	arg1	states					1598:1603	healthy and diseased states	1577:1603	healthy and diseased states	1577:1603	These results could have implications in the functioning of neuronal receptors in healthy and diseased states.
27453199	6	10	dep	significantly	1106:1118	arg1	not					1102:1104	not	1102:1104	not	1102:1104	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	8	11	theme	cholesterol	1474:1484	arg1	content					1486:1492	varying cholesterol content	1466:1492	varying cholesterol content	1466:1492	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	2	12	dep	organization	200:211	arg1	The					196:198	The	196:198	The	196:198	The organization and dynamics of neuronal membranes are crucial for efficient functioning of neuronal receptors.
27453199	6	13	with	results	993:999	arg1	mixtures					1019:1026	binary lipid mixtures	1006:1026	binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration	1006:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	7	14	theme	membrane	1209:1216	arg1	thickness					1218:1226	hippocampal membrane thickness	1197:1226	hippocampal membrane thickness	1197:1226	Interestingly, SAXS data showed that hippocampal membrane thickness remained more or less invariant, irrespective of cholesterol content.
27453199	5	15	theme	membranes	867:875	arg1	temperature					840:850	the apparent phase transition temperature	810:850	the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes	810:875	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	8	16	theme	reports	1356:1362	arg1	one					1339:1341	one	1339:1341	one	1339:1341	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	16	theme	reports	1356:1362	arg1	reports					1356:1362	the early reports	1346:1362	the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content	1346:1492	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	0	17	theme	neuronal	64:71	arg1	membranes					73:81	neuronal membranes	64:81	neuronal membranes	64:81	Cholesterol-dependent thermotropic behavior and organization of neuronal membranes.
27453199	8	18	theme	early	1350:1354	arg1	reports					1356:1362	the early reports	1346:1362	the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content	1346:1492	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	19	used	used	561:564	arg2	we					558:559	we	558:559	we	558:559	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	5	20	theme	phase	823:827	arg1	transition					829:838	the apparent phase transition	810:838	the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes	810:875	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	1	21	theme	neuronal	103:110	arg1	membranes					112:120	neuronal membranes	103:120	neuronal membranes	103:120	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	1	22	with	unique	125:130	arg1	composition					151:161	diverse lipid composition	137:161	diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement	137:193	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	7	23	theme	hippocampal	1197:1207	arg1	thickness					1218:1226	hippocampal membrane thickness	1197:1226	hippocampal membrane thickness	1197:1226	Interestingly, SAXS data showed that hippocampal membrane thickness remained more or less invariant, irrespective of cholesterol content.
27453199	1	24	theme	membranes	112:120	arg1	composition					88:98	The composition	84:98	The composition of neuronal membranes	84:120	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	1	24	theme	membranes	112:120	arg1	unique					125:130	unique	125:130	unique	125:130	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	8	25	theme	thermotropic	1371:1382	arg1	behavior					1390:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	5	26	theme	characteristic	886:899	arg1	dependence					908:917	characteristic linear dependence	886:917	characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content	886:949	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	6	27	theme	transition	1063:1072	arg1	temperature					1074:1084	phase transition temperature	1057:1084	phase transition temperature	1057:1084	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	8	28	theme	membranes	1450:1458	arg1	behavior					1390:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	28	theme	membranes	1450:1458	arg1	characterization					1418:1433	organizational characterization	1403:1433	organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes	1403:1458	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	29	theme	phase	1384:1388	arg1	behavior					1390:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	5	30	theme	linear	901:906	arg1	dependence					908:917	characteristic linear dependence	886:917	characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content	886:949	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	4	31	theme	angle	616:620	arg1	SAXS					640:643	SAXS	640:643	SAXS	640:643	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	31	theme	angle	616:620	arg1	scattering					628:637	small angle X-ray scattering	610:637	small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)	610:644	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	32	from	reports	1356:1362	arg1	behavior					1390:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	the thermotropic phase behavior	1367:1397	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	32	from	reports	1356:1362	arg1	characterization					1418:1433	organizational characterization	1403:1433	organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes	1403:1458	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	33	theme	phase	670:674	arg1	behavior					676:683	thermotropic phase behavior	657:683	thermotropic phase behavior	657:683	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	5	34	theme	transition	829:838	arg1	temperature					840:850	the apparent phase transition temperature	810:850	the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes	810:875	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	4	35	theme	small	610:614	arg1	SAXS					640:643	SAXS	640:643	SAXS	640:643	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	35	theme	small	610:614	arg1	scattering					628:637	small angle X-ray scattering	610:637	small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)	610:644	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	36	theme	hippocampal	1438:1448	arg1	membranes					1450:1458	hippocampal membranes	1438:1458	hippocampal membranes	1438:1458	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	5	37	theme	membrane	922:929	arg1	content					943:949	membrane cholesterol content	922:949	membrane cholesterol content	922:949	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	9	38	theme	diseased	1589:1596	arg1	states					1598:1603	healthy and diseased states	1577:1603	healthy and diseased states	1577:1603	These results could have implications in the functioning of neuronal receptors in healthy and diseased states.
27453199	7	39	theme	SAXS	1175:1178	arg1	data					1180:1183	SAXS data	1175:1183	SAXS data	1175:1183	Interestingly, SAXS data showed that hippocampal membrane thickness remained more or less invariant, irrespective of cholesterol content.
27453199	4	40	theme	cholesterol	531:541	arg1	role					514:517	the pathophysiological role	491:517	the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol	491:541	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	7	41	theme	cholesterol	1277:1287	arg1	content					1289:1295	cholesterol content	1277:1295	cholesterol content	1277:1295	Interestingly, SAXS data showed that hippocampal membrane thickness remained more or less invariant, irrespective of cholesterol content.
27453199	5	42	theme	cholesterol	931:941	arg1	content					943:949	membrane cholesterol content	922:949	membrane cholesterol content	922:949	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	0	43	theme	membranes	73:81	arg1	behavior					35:42	behavior	35:42	behavior	35:42	Cholesterol-dependent thermotropic behavior and organization of neuronal membranes.
27453199	0	43	theme	membranes	73:81	arg1	organization					48:59	organization	48:59	organization	48:59	Cholesterol-dependent thermotropic behavior and organization of neuronal membranes.
27453199	4	44	theme	scanning	579:586	arg1	DSC					601:603	DSC	601:603	DSC	601:603	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	44	theme	scanning	579:586	arg1	calorimetry					588:598	differential scanning calorimetry	566:598	differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)	566:604	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	5	45	theme	hippocampal	855:865	arg1	membranes					867:875	hippocampal membranes	855:875	hippocampal membranes	855:875	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	4	46	theme	neuronal	522:529	arg1	cholesterol					531:541	neuronal cholesterol	522:541	neuronal cholesterol	522:541	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	47	theme	varying	759:765	arg1	content					779:785	varying cholesterol content	759:785	varying cholesterol content	759:785	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	3	48	theme	receptors	464:472	arg1	organization					439:450	organization	439:450	organization of neuronal receptors	439:472	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	3	48	theme	receptors	464:472	arg1	interactions					421:432	lipid-protein interactions	407:432	lipid-protein interactions	407:432	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	2	49	theme	membranes	238:246	arg1	organization					200:211	organization	200:211	organization	200:211	The organization and dynamics of neuronal membranes are crucial for efficient functioning of neuronal receptors.
27453199	2	49	theme	membranes	238:246	arg1	dynamics					217:224	dynamics	217:224	dynamics	217:224	The organization and dynamics of neuronal membranes are crucial for efficient functioning of neuronal receptors.
27453199	5	50	from	dependence	908:917	arg1	content					943:949	membrane cholesterol content	922:949	membrane cholesterol content	922:949	Our results show that the apparent phase transition temperature of hippocampal membranes displays characteristic linear dependence on membrane cholesterol content.
27453199	1	51	theme	diverse	137:143	arg1	composition					151:161	diverse lipid composition	137:161	diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement	137:193	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	6	52	theme	lipid	1013:1017	arg1	mixtures					1019:1026	binary lipid mixtures	1006:1026	binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration	1006:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	2	53	theme	neuronal	229:236	arg1	membranes					238:246	neuronal membranes	229:246	neuronal membranes	229:246	The organization and dynamics of neuronal membranes are crucial for efficient functioning of neuronal receptors.
27453199	2	54	theme	receptors	298:306	arg1	efficient					264:272	efficient	264:272	efficient	264:272	The organization and dynamics of neuronal membranes are crucial for efficient functioning of neuronal receptors.
27453199	1	55	theme	lipid	145:149	arg1	composition					151:161	diverse lipid composition	137:161	diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement	137:193	The composition of neuronal membranes is unique with diverse lipid composition due to evolutionary requirement.
27453199	3	56	theme	hippocampal	340:350	arg1	source					386:391	a convenient natural source	365:391	a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors	365:472	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	3	56	theme	hippocampal	340:350	arg1	membranes					352:360	hippocampal membranes	340:360	hippocampal membranes	340:360	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	4	57	theme	pathophysiological	495:512	arg1	role					514:517	the pathophysiological role	491:517	the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol	491:541	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	2	58	theme	neuronal	289:296	arg1	receptors					298:306	neuronal receptors	289:306	neuronal receptors	289:306	The organization and dynamics of neuronal membranes are crucial for efficient functioning of neuronal receptors.
27453199	4	59	theme	cholesterol	767:777	arg1	content					779:785	varying cholesterol content	759:785	varying cholesterol content	759:785	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	60	theme	content	779:785	arg1	conditions					745:754	conditions	745:754	conditions of varying cholesterol content	745:785	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	3	61	theme	natural	378:384	arg1	source					386:391	a convenient natural source	365:391	a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors	365:472	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	3	61	theme	natural	378:384	arg1	membranes					352:360	hippocampal membranes	340:360	hippocampal membranes	340:360	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	6	62	theme	cholesterol	1133:1143	arg1	concentration					1145:1157	cholesterol concentration	1133:1157	cholesterol concentration	1133:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	6	63	contain	containing	1028:1037	arg2	cholesterol					1039:1049	cholesterol	1039:1049	cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration	1039:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	6	63	contain	containing	1028:1037	arg1	mixtures					1019:1026	binary lipid mixtures	1006:1026	binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration	1006:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	4	64	theme	membranes	729:737	arg1	thickness					703:711	thickness	703:711	thickness	703:711	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	64	theme	membranes	729:737	arg1	organization					689:700	organization	689:700	organization (thickness)	689:712	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	64	theme	membranes	729:737	arg1	behavior					676:683	thermotropic phase behavior	657:683	thermotropic phase behavior	657:683	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	65	theme	thermotropic	657:668	arg1	behavior					676:683	thermotropic phase behavior	657:683	thermotropic phase behavior	657:683	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	3	66	theme	neuronal	455:462	arg1	receptors					464:472	neuronal receptors	455:472	neuronal receptors	455:472	We have previously established hippocampal membranes as a convenient natural source for exploring lipid-protein interactions, and organization of neuronal receptors.
27453199	6	67	theme	binary	1006:1011	arg1	mixtures					1019:1026	binary lipid mixtures	1006:1026	binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration	1006:1157	These results are in contrast to earlier results with binary lipid mixtures containing cholesterol where phase transition temperature was found to be not significantly dependent on cholesterol concentration.
27453199	9	68	theme	neuronal	1555:1562	arg1	receptors					1564:1572	neuronal receptors	1555:1572	neuronal receptors	1555:1572	These results could have implications in the functioning of neuronal receptors in healthy and diseased states.
27453199	9	69	contain	have	1515:1518	arg2	implications					1520:1531	implications	1520:1531	implications	1520:1531	These results could have implications in the functioning of neuronal receptors in healthy and diseased states.
27453199	9	69	contain	have	1515:1518	arg1	results					1501:1507	These results	1495:1507	These results	1495:1507	These results could have implications in the functioning of neuronal receptors in healthy and diseased states.
27453199	4	70	theme	hippocampal	717:727	arg1	membranes					729:737	hippocampal membranes	717:737	hippocampal membranes	717:737	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
27453199	8	71	theme	organizational	1403:1416	arg1	characterization					1418:1433	organizational characterization	1403:1433	organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes	1403:1458	We believe that these results constitute one of the early reports on the thermotropic phase behavior and organizational characterization of hippocampal membranes under varying cholesterol content.
27453199	4	72	dep	used	561:564	arg1	Keeping					475:481	Keeping	475:481	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol	475:541	Keeping in mind the pathophysiological role of neuronal cholesterol, in this work, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to explore thermotropic phase behavior and organization (thickness) of hippocampal membranes under conditions of varying cholesterol content.
25979288	5	0	theme	RSM	806:808	arg1	analysis					810:817	RSM analysis	806:817	RSM analysis	806:817	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	1	1	dep	disease	297:303	arg1	etc.					313:316	etc.	313:316	etc.	313:316	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	6	2	theme	lactose	1096:1102	arg1	g/L					1130:1132	l-tryptophan 6 g/L	1115:1132	l-tryptophan 6 g/L	1115:1132	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	6	2	theme	lactose	1096:1102	arg1	conditions					1013:1022	the optimum conditions	1001:1022	the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor	1001:1089	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	6	2	theme	lactose	1096:1102	arg1	g/L					1110:1112	lactose 11.25 g/L	1096:1112	lactose 11.25 g/L	1096:1112	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	9	3	from	8497	1655:1658	arg1	production					1607:1616	flexirubin type pigment production	1583:1616	flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1583:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	6	4	theme	results	978:984	arg1	Evaluation					947:956	Evaluation	947:956	Evaluation of the experimental results	947:984	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	6	5	theme	experimental	965:976	arg1	results					978:984	the experimental results	961:984	the experimental results	961:984	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	9	6	theme	flexirubin	1583:1592	arg1	production					1607:1616	flexirubin type pigment production	1583:1616	flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1583:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	1	7	theme	bacterial	172:180	arg1	pigments					182:189	bacterial pigments	172:189	bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker	172:357	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	9	8	theme	first	1532:1536	arg1	report					1538:1543	the first report	1528:1543	the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1528:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	9	8	theme	first	1532:1536	arg1	this					1520:1523	this	1520:1523	this	1520:1523	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	0	9	theme	response	107:114	arg1	methodology					124:134	response surface methodology	107:134	response surface methodology	107:134	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	9	10	theme	Chryseobacterium	1623:1638	arg1	8497					1655:1658	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1623:1658	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1623:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	2	11	theme	surface	546:552	arg1	RSM					567:569	RSM	567:569	RSM	567:569	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	11	theme	surface	546:552	arg1	methodology					554:564	response surface methodology	537:564	response surface methodology (RSM)	537:570	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	1	12	theme	chemotaxonomic	337:350	arg1	marker					352:357	a chemotaxonomic marker	335:357	a chemotaxonomic marker	335:357	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	1	12	theme	chemotaxonomic	337:350	arg1	Chryseobacterium					231:246	genus Chryseobacterium	225:246	the genus Chryseobacterium	221:246	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	9	13	theme	artocarpi	1640:1648	arg1	8497					1655:1658	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1623:1658	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1623:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	14	theme	composition	1335:1345	arg1	optimization					1312:1323	statistical optimization	1300:1323	statistical optimization of medium composition	1300:1345	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	14	theme	composition	1335:1345	arg1	effects					1369:1375	their interaction effects	1351:1375	their interaction effects	1351:1375	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	15	from	CECT	1496:1499	arg1	production					1453:1462	maximum pigment production	1437:1462	maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1437:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	6	16	theme	pigment	1050:1056	arg1	production					1036:1045	maximum production	1028:1045	maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L)	1028:1070	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	2	17	theme	response	537:544	arg1	RSM					567:569	RSM	567:569	RSM	567:569	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	17	theme	response	537:544	arg1	methodology					554:564	response surface methodology	537:564	response surface methodology (RSM)	537:570	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	18	theme	pigment	418:424	arg1	8497					392:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	18	theme	pigment	418:424	arg1	strain					436:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	8	19	theme	factors	1417:1423	arg1	listing					1390:1396	short listing	1384:1396	short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1384:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	5	20	theme	maximum	919:925	arg1	production					935:944	maximum pigment production	919:944	maximum pigment production	919:944	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	1	21	theme	pigments	182:189	arg1	type					164:167	the unique type	153:167	the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker	153:357	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	1	21	theme	pigments	182:189	arg1	Flexirubins					137:147	Flexirubins	137:147	Flexirubins	137:147	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	0	22	theme	surface	116:122	arg1	methodology					124:134	response surface methodology	107:134	response surface methodology	107:134	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	2	23	theme	pigment	486:492	arg1	production					472:481	maximum production	464:481	maximum production of pigment	464:492	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	7	24	theme	prior	1243:1247	arg1	production					1232:1241	its production	1228:1241	its production prior to optimization	1228:1263	Production under optimized conditions increased to 7.23 fold comparing to its production prior to optimization.
25979288	6	25	theme	l-tryptophan	1115:1126	arg1	g/L					1130:1132	l-tryptophan 6 g/L	1115:1132	l-tryptophan 6 g/L	1115:1132	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	6	25	theme	l-tryptophan	1115:1126	arg1	g/L					1110:1112	lactose 11.25 g/L	1096:1112	lactose 11.25 g/L	1096:1112	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	8	26	theme	maximum	1437:1443	arg1	production					1453:1462	maximum pigment production	1437:1462	maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1437:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	2	27	theme	CECT	387:390	arg1	8497					392:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	27	theme	CECT	387:390	arg1	strain					436:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	8	28	theme	study	1282:1286	arg1	Results					1266:1272	Results	1266:1272	Results of this study	1266:1286	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	3	29	theme	pigment	602:608	arg1	production					610:619	pigment production	602:619	pigment production	602:619	Culture conditions affecting pigment production were optimized statistically in shake flask experiments.
25979288	8	30	theme	statistical	1300:1310	arg1	optimization					1312:1323	statistical optimization	1300:1323	statistical optimization of medium composition	1300:1345	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	2	31	theme	artocarpi	377:385	arg1	8497					392:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	31	theme	artocarpi	377:385	arg1	strain					436:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	0	32	theme	conditions	24:33	arg1	Optimization					0:11	Optimization	0:11	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.	0:135	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	1	33	theme	chronic	284:290	arg1	eczema					306:311	eczema	306:311	eczema	306:311	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	1	33	theme	chronic	284:290	arg1	disease					297:303	chronic skin disease	284:303	chronic skin disease	284:303	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	6	34	theme	maximum	1028:1034	arg1	production					1036:1045	maximum production	1028:1045	maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L)	1028:1070	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	3	35	theme	Culture	573:579	arg1	conditions					581:590	Culture conditions	573:590	Culture conditions affecting pigment production	573:619	Culture conditions affecting pigment production were optimized statistically in shake flask experiments.
25979288	2	36	theme	producing	426:434	arg1	8497					392:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	36	theme	producing	426:434	arg1	strain					436:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	0	37	theme	culture	16:22	arg1	conditions					24:33	culture conditions	16:33	culture conditions	16:33	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	1	38	theme	skin	292:295	arg1	eczema					306:311	eczema	306:311	eczema	306:311	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	1	38	theme	skin	292:295	arg1	disease					297:303	chronic skin disease	284:303	chronic skin disease	284:303	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	9	39	theme	CECT	1650:1653	arg1	8497					1655:1658	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1623:1658	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1623:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	40	theme	pigment	1445:1451	arg1	production					1453:1462	maximum pigment production	1437:1462	maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1437:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	1	41	theme	unique	157:162	arg1	type					164:167	the unique type	153:167	the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker	153:357	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	1	41	theme	unique	157:162	arg1	Flexirubins					137:147	Flexirubins	137:147	Flexirubins	137:147	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	0	42	theme	flexirubin	39:48	arg1	production					50:59	flexirubin production	39:59	flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology	39:134	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	1	43	theme	disease	297:303	arg1	treatment					271:279	the treatment	267:279	the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc.	267:316	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	8	44	theme	medium	1328:1333	arg1	composition					1335:1345	medium composition	1328:1345	medium composition	1328:1345	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	45	theme	Chryseobacterium	1469:1484	arg1	CECT					1496:1499	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1469:1504	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1469:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	5	46	theme	pigment	927:933	arg1	production					935:944	maximum pigment production	919:944	maximum pigment production	919:944	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	2	47	theme	yellowish-orange	401:416	arg1	8497					392:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	47	theme	yellowish-orange	401:416	arg1	strain					436:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	4	48	theme	significant	725:735	arg1	variables					737:745	the most significant variables	716:745	the most significant variables affecting pigment production	716:774	Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production.
25979288	4	48	theme	significant	725:735	arg1	KH2PO4					704:709	KH2PO4	704:709	KH2PO4	704:709	Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production.
25979288	4	48	theme	significant	725:735	arg1	l-tryptophan					687:698	l-tryptophan	687:698	l-tryptophan	687:698	Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production.
25979288	4	48	theme	significant	725:735	arg1	Lactose					678:684	Lactose	678:684	Lactose	678:684	Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production.
25979288	5	49	theme	Box	777:779	arg1	BBD					797:799	BBD	797:799	BBD	797:799	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	5	49	theme	Box	777:779	arg1	design					789:794	Box Behnken design	777:794	Box Behnken design (BBD)	777:800	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	5	50	theme	optimal	900:906	arg1	values					908:913	the optimal values	896:913	the optimal values for maximum pigment production	896:944	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	7	51	theme	optimized	1171:1179	arg1	conditions					1181:1190	optimized conditions	1171:1190	optimized conditions	1171:1190	Production under optimized conditions increased to 7.23 fold comparing to its production prior to optimization.
25979288	5	52	theme	Behnken	781:787	arg1	BBD					797:799	BBD	797:799	BBD	797:799	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	5	52	theme	Behnken	781:787	arg1	design					789:794	Box Behnken design	777:794	Box Behnken design (BBD)	777:800	Box Behnken design (BBD) and RSM analysis were adopted to investigate the interactions between variables and determine the optimal values for maximum pigment production.
25979288	1	53	used	used	259:262	arg2	Chryseobacterium					231:246	genus Chryseobacterium	225:246	the genus Chryseobacterium	221:246	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	1	53	used	used	259:262	arg2	marker					352:357	a chemotaxonomic marker	335:357	a chemotaxonomic marker	335:357	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	0	54	theme	Chryseobacterium	64:79	arg1	CECT					91:94	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	64:99	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology	64:134	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	6	55	from	conditions	1013:1022	arg1	bioreactor					1080:1089	50 L bioreactor	1075:1089	50 L bioreactor	1075:1089	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	9	56	theme	process	1560:1566	arg1	parameters					1568:1577	the process parameters	1556:1577	the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1556:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	2	57	theme	maximum	464:470	arg1	production					472:481	maximum production	464:481	maximum production of pigment	464:492	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	8	58	theme	short	1384:1388	arg1	listing					1390:1396	short listing	1384:1396	short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1384:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	59	theme	artocarpi	1486:1494	arg1	CECT					1496:1499	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1469:1504	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1469:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	4	60	theme	pigment	757:763	arg1	production					765:774	pigment production	757:774	pigment production	757:774	Lactose, l-tryptophan and KH2PO4 were the most significant variables affecting pigment production.
25979288	1	61	from	Chryseobacterium	231:246	arg1	bacteria					207:214	the bacteria	203:214	the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker	203:357	Flexirubins are the unique type of bacterial pigments produced by the bacteria from the genus Chryseobacterium, which are used in the treatment of chronic skin disease, eczema etc. and may serve as a chemotaxonomic marker.
25979288	3	62	theme	flask	659:663	arg1	experiments					665:675	shake flask experiments	653:675	shake flask experiments	653:675	Culture conditions affecting pigment production were optimized statistically in shake flask experiments.
25979288	9	63	from	report	1538:1543	arg1	addition					1510:1517	addition	1510:1517	addition	1510:1517	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	8	64	theme	interaction	1357:1367	arg1	effects					1369:1375	their interaction effects	1351:1375	their interaction effects	1351:1375	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	6	65	theme	L	1078:1078	arg1	bioreactor					1080:1089	50 L bioreactor	1075:1089	50 L bioreactor	1075:1089	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	8	66	theme	significant	1405:1415	arg1	factors					1417:1423	the significant factors	1401:1423	the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1401:1504	Results of this study showed that statistical optimization of medium composition and their interaction effects enable short listing of the significant factors influencing maximum pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	9	67	theme	pigment	1599:1605	arg1	production					1607:1616	flexirubin type pigment production	1583:1616	flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1583:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	0	68	theme	artocarpi	81:89	arg1	CECT					91:94	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	64:99	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology	64:134	Optimization of culture conditions for flexirubin production by Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497 using response surface methodology.
25979288	9	69	theme	type	1594:1597	arg1	production					1607:1616	flexirubin type pigment production	1583:1616	flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	1583:1658	In addition, this is the first report optimizing the process parameters for flexirubin type pigment production from Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497.
25979288	2	70	theme	Chryseobacterium	360:375	arg1	8497					392:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497	360:395	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	70	theme	Chryseobacterium	360:375	arg1	strain					436:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain	398:441	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	2	71	theme	medium	508:513	arg1	composition					515:525	medium composition	508:525	medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM)	508:570	Chryseobacterium artocarpi CECT 8497, an yellowish-orange pigment producing strain was investigated for maximum production of pigment by optimizing medium composition employing response surface methodology (RSM).
25979288	3	72	theme	shake	653:657	arg1	experiments					665:675	shake flask experiments	653:675	shake flask experiments	653:675	Culture conditions affecting pigment production were optimized statistically in shake flask experiments.
25979288	6	73	theme	KH2PO4	1138:1143	arg1	ppm					1149:1151	KH2PO4 650 ppm	1138:1151	KH2PO4 650 ppm	1138:1151	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	6	74	theme	optimum	1005:1011	arg1	conditions					1013:1022	the optimum conditions	1001:1022	the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor	1001:1089	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25979288	6	74	theme	optimum	1005:1011	arg1	g/L					1110:1112	lactose 11.25 g/L	1096:1112	lactose 11.25 g/L	1096:1112	Evaluation of the experimental results signified that the optimum conditions for maximum production of pigment (521.64 mg/L) in 50 L bioreactor were lactose 11.25 g/L, l-tryptophan 6 g/L and KH2PO4 650 ppm.
25022679	13	0	theme	sodium	1207:1212	arg1	solutions					1223:1231	sodium chloride solutions	1207:1231	sodium chloride solutions	1207:1231	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	5	1	theme	mineral	570:576	arg1	content					578:584	specific mineral content	561:584	specific mineral content	561:584	Proximate analyses, specific mineral content, and nonprotein nitrogen were determined.
25022679	11	2	from	acids	1035:1039	arg1	permeates					1075:1083	permeates	1075:1083	permeates	1075:1083	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	14	3	dep	models	1344:1349	arg1	Permeate					1335:1342	Permeate	1335:1342	Permeate	1335:1342	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	0	4	from	role	4:7	arg1	taste					32:36	the salty taste	22:36	the salty taste of permeate	22:48	The role of sodium in the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	14	5	theme	citric	1393:1398	arg1	acid					1400:1403	citric acid	1393:1403	citric acid	1393:1403	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	8	6	theme	solutions	810:818	arg1	analysis					778:785	Descriptive analysis	766:785	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions	766:818	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions was conducted using a trained sensory panel.
25022679	3	7	theme	sensory	289:295	arg1	properties					315:324	the sensory and compositional properties	285:324	the sensory and compositional properties of permeates	285:337	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	13	8	theme	chloride	1214:1221	arg1	solutions					1223:1231	sodium chloride solutions	1207:1231	sodium chloride solutions	1207:1231	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	2	9	dep	Permeate	131:138	arg1	ultrafiltered					184:196	ultrafiltered	184:196	is ultrafiltered	181:196	Permeate, the liquid remaining after whey or milk is ultrafiltered, has been suggested as a salt substitute.
25022679	9	10	theme	brothy	919:924	arg1	flavors					926:932	brothy flavors	919:932	brothy flavors	919:932	Whey permeates were characterized by cooked/milky and brothy flavors, sweet taste, and low salty taste.
25022679	5	11	theme	Proximate	541:549	arg1	analyses					551:558	Proximate analyses	541:558	Proximate analyses	541:558	Proximate analyses, specific mineral content, and nonprotein nitrogen were determined.
25022679	3	12	theme	other	368:372	arg1	elements					359:366	elements	359:366	elements other than sodium	359:384	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	14	13	theme	orotic	1432:1437	arg1	acid					1439:1442	orotic acid	1432:1442	orotic acid	1432:1442	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	13	14	theme	Sensory	1188:1194	arg1	tests					1196:1200	Sensory tests	1188:1200	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions	1188:1231	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	1	15	theme	Many	51:54	arg1	companies					61:69	Many food companies	51:69	Many food companies	51:69	Many food companies are trying to limit the amount of sodium in their products.
25022679	6	16	theme	Organic	628:634	arg1	acids					636:640	Organic acids	628:640	Organic acids	628:640	Organic acids and nucleotides were extracted followed by HPLC.
25022679	14	17	theme	salty	1535:1539	arg1	taste					1541:1545	the salty taste	1531:1545	the salty taste	1531:1545	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	8	18	theme	trained	842:848	arg1	panel					858:862	a trained sensory panel	840:862	a trained sensory panel	840:862	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions was conducted using a trained sensory panel.
25022679	1	19	from	amount	95:100	arg1	products					121:128	their products	115:128	their products	115:128	Many food companies are trying to limit the amount of sodium in their products.
25022679	1	20	theme	food	56:59	arg1	companies					61:69	Many food companies	51:69	Many food companies	51:69	Many food companies are trying to limit the amount of sodium in their products.
25022679	9	21	theme	sweet	935:939	arg1	taste					941:945	sweet taste	935:945	sweet taste	935:945	Whey permeates were characterized by cooked/milky and brothy flavors, sweet taste, and low salty taste.
25022679	5	22	theme	specific	561:568	arg1	content					578:584	specific mineral content	561:584	specific mineral content	561:584	Proximate analyses, specific mineral content, and nonprotein nitrogen were determined.
25022679	14	23	dep	NaCl	1470:1473	arg1	addition					1458:1465	addition	1458:1465	addition	1458:1465	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	14	24	theme	hippuric	1406:1413	arg1	acid					1415:1418	hippuric acid	1406:1418	hippuric acid	1406:1418	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	10	25	dep	removed	992:998	arg1	salty					1016:1020	salty	1016:1020	salty	1016:1020	Permeates with lactose removed were distinctly salty.
25022679	0	26	theme	sodium	12:17	arg1	role					4:7	The role	0:7	The role of sodium in the salty taste of permeate	0:48	The role of sodium in the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	8	27	theme	sensory	850:856	arg1	panel					858:862	a trained sensory panel	840:862	a trained sensory panel	840:862	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions was conducted using a trained sensory panel.
25022679	11	28	theme	highest	1050:1056	arg1	concentration					1058:1070	the highest concentration	1046:1070	the highest concentration	1046:1070	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	3	29	theme	compositional	301:313	arg1	properties					315:324	the sensory and compositional properties	285:324	the sensory and compositional properties of permeates	285:337	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	7	30	theme	gas	728:730	arg1	spectrometry					752:763	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	728:763	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	728:763	Aromatic volatiles were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
25022679	2	31	theme	substitute	228:237	arg1	Permeate					131:138	Permeate	131:138	Permeate	131:138	Permeate, the liquid remaining after whey or milk is ultrafiltered, has been suggested as a salt substitute.
25022679	2	31	theme	substitute	228:237	arg1	salt					223:226	a salt	221:226	a salt substitute	221:237	Permeate, the liquid remaining after whey or milk is ultrafiltered, has been suggested as a salt substitute.
25022679	7	32	theme	chromatography-mass	732:750	arg1	spectrometry					752:763	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	728:763	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry	728:763	Aromatic volatiles were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
25022679	0	33	theme	permeate	41:48	arg1	taste					32:36	the salty taste	22:36	the salty taste of permeate	22:48	The role of sodium in the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	11	34	theme	organic	1027:1033	arg1	acids					1035:1039	The organic acids	1023:1039	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates	1023:1083	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	11	34	theme	organic	1027:1033	arg1	acids					1108:1112	lactic and citric acids	1090:1112	lactic and citric acids	1090:1112	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	9	35	theme	low	952:954	arg1	taste					962:966	low salty taste	952:966	low salty taste	952:966	Whey permeates were characterized by cooked/milky and brothy flavors, sweet taste, and low salty taste.
25022679	13	36	theme	reduced-lactose	1267:1281	arg1	taste					1258:1262	the salty taste	1248:1262	the salty taste of reduced-lactose	1248:1281	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	11	37	theme	lactic	1090:1095	arg1	acids					1035:1039	The organic acids	1023:1039	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates	1023:1083	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	11	37	theme	lactic	1090:1095	arg1	acids					1108:1112	lactic and citric acids	1090:1112	lactic and citric acids	1090:1112	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	14	38	theme	orotic	1498:1503	arg1	acid					1505:1508	orotic acid	1498:1508	orotic acid	1498:1508	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	3	39	theme	permeates	329:337	arg1	properties					315:324	the sensory and compositional properties	285:324	the sensory and compositional properties of permeates	285:337	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	4	40	dep	whey	438:441	arg1	permeates					476:484	permeates	476:484	permeates	476:484	Eighteen whey (n=14) and reduced-lactose (n=4) permeates were obtained in duplicate from commercial facilities.
25022679	5	41	theme	nonprotein	591:600	arg1	nitrogen					602:609	nonprotein nitrogen	591:609	nonprotein nitrogen	591:609	Proximate analyses, specific mineral content, and nonprotein nitrogen were determined.
25022679	12	42	theme	sulfur-containing	1145:1161	arg1	compounds					1163:1171	sulfur-containing compounds	1145:1171	sulfur-containing compounds	1145:1171	Volatiles included aldehydes, sulfur-containing compounds, and diacetyl.
25022679	0	43	theme	salty	26:30	arg1	taste					32:36	the salty taste	22:36	the salty taste of permeate	22:48	The role of sodium in the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	13	44	dep	permeates	1283:1291	arg1	due					1308:1310	due	1308:1310	due	1308:1310	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	3	45	theme	permeate	419:426	arg1	taste					410:414	the salty taste	400:414	the salty taste of permeate	400:426	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	13	46	with	tests	1196:1200	arg1	solutions					1223:1231	sodium chloride solutions	1207:1231	sodium chloride solutions	1207:1231	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	3	47	theme	salty	404:408	arg1	taste					410:414	the salty taste	400:414	the salty taste of permeate	400:426	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	8	48	theme	Descriptive	766:776	arg1	analysis					778:785	Descriptive analysis	766:785	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions	766:818	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions was conducted using a trained sensory panel.
25022679	4	49	theme	commercial	518:527	arg1	facilities					529:538	commercial facilities	518:538	commercial facilities	518:538	Eighteen whey (n=14) and reduced-lactose (n=4) permeates were obtained in duplicate from commercial facilities.
25022679	11	50	with	acids	1035:1039	arg1	concentration					1058:1070	the highest concentration	1046:1070	the highest concentration	1046:1070	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	14	51	theme	lactic	1481:1486	arg1	acid					1488:1491	lactic acid	1481:1491	lactic acid	1481:1491	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	14	52	theme	lactic	1380:1385	arg1	acid					1387:1390	lactic acid	1380:1390	lactic acid	1380:1390	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	8	53	theme	permeates	790:798	arg1	analysis					778:785	Descriptive analysis	766:785	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions	766:818	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions was conducted using a trained sensory panel.
25022679	7	54	theme	Aromatic	691:698	arg1	volatiles					700:708	Aromatic volatiles	691:708	Aromatic volatiles	691:708	Aromatic volatiles were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
25022679	3	55	theme	study	262:266	arg1	objective					244:252	The objective	240:252	The objective of this study	240:266	The objective of this study was to determine the sensory and compositional properties of permeates and to determine if elements other than sodium contribute to the salty taste of permeate.
25022679	13	56	theme	salty	1252:1256	arg1	taste					1258:1262	the salty taste	1248:1262	the salty taste of reduced-lactose	1248:1281	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	14	57	theme	uric	1421:1424	arg1	acid					1426:1429	uric acid	1421:1429	uric acid	1421:1429	Permeate models were created with NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, citric acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, orotic acid, and urea; in addition to NaCl, KCl, lactic acid, and orotic acid were contributors to the salty taste.
25022679	6	58	dep	extracted	663:671	arg1	followed					673:680	followed	673:680	followed by HPLC	673:688	Organic acids and nucleotides were extracted followed by HPLC.
25022679	13	59	theme	sodium	1319:1324	arg1	present					1326:1332	the sodium present	1315:1332	the sodium present	1315:1332	Sensory tests with sodium chloride solutions confirmed that the salty taste of reduced-lactose permeates was not solely due to the sodium present.
25022679	9	60	theme	salty	956:960	arg1	taste					962:966	low salty taste	952:966	low salty taste	952:966	Whey permeates were characterized by cooked/milky and brothy flavors, sweet taste, and low salty taste.
25022679	11	61	theme	citric	1101:1106	arg1	acids					1035:1039	The organic acids	1023:1039	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates	1023:1083	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	11	61	theme	citric	1101:1106	arg1	acids					1108:1112	lactic and citric acids	1090:1112	lactic and citric acids	1090:1112	The organic acids with the highest concentration in permeates were lactic and citric acids.
25022679	1	62	theme	sodium	105:110	arg1	sodium					105:110	sodium	105:110	sodium	105:110	Many food companies are trying to limit the amount of sodium in their products.
25022679	1	62	theme	sodium	105:110	arg1	amount					95:100	the amount	91:100	the amount of sodium in their products	91:128	Many food companies are trying to limit the amount of sodium in their products.
25022679	8	63	theme	model	804:808	arg1	solutions					810:818	model solutions	804:818	model solutions	804:818	Descriptive analysis of permeates and model solutions was conducted using a trained sensory panel.
25022679	9	64	dep	Whey	865:868	arg1	permeates					870:878	permeates	870:878	permeates	870:878	Whey permeates were characterized by cooked/milky and brothy flavors, sweet taste, and low salty taste.
25849537	3	0	dep	=	639:639	arg1	/group					643:648	0 /group	641:648	0 /group	641:648	In each experiment, day-of-hatch, turkey poults were randomly assigned to either a corn or a rye diet (n = 0 /group).
25849537	4	1	theme	dextran	765:771	arg1	dose					730:733	an oral gavage dose	715:733	an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d)	715:780	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	8	2	theme	rye	1129:1131	arg1	diet					1133:1136	a rye diet	1127:1136	a rye diet	1127:1136	Broilers fed with a rye diet showed increased (p<0.05) intestinal viscosity, BT, and serum FITC-d.
25849537	9	3	theme	acid	1312:1315	arg1	bacteria					1317:1324	total lactic acid bacteria	1299:1324	total lactic acid bacteria (LAB)	1299:1330	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	9	3	theme	acid	1312:1315	arg1	LAB					1327:1329	LAB	1327:1329	LAB	1327:1329	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	12	4	theme	mucosal	1793:1799	arg1	damage					1801:1806	mucosal damage	1793:1806	mucosal damage	1793:1806	In conclusion, rye evoked mucosal damage in turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization.
25849537	1	5	dep	in	273:274	arg1	vitro					276:280	vitro	276:280	vitro	276:280	Previously, we have reported that rye significantly increased both viscosity and Clostridium perfringens proliferation when compared with corn in an in vitro digestive model.
25849537	6	6	theme	gut	1035:1037	arg1	microbiota					1039:1048	gut microbiota	1035:1048	gut microbiota	1035:1048	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections were collected to evaluate intestinal viscosity and to enumerate gut microbiota.
25849537	12	7	theme	microbiota	1926:1935	arg1	composition					1937:1947	the microbiota composition	1922:1947	the microbiota composition	1922:1947	In conclusion, rye evoked mucosal damage in turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization.
25849537	10	8	theme	Turkey	1440:1445	arg1	poults					1447:1452	Turkey poults	1440:1452	Turkey poults fed with rye	1440:1465	Turkey poults fed with rye also had significantly higher coliforms in duodenum and ileum but not in the ceca, whereas the total number of anaerobes increased only in duodenum.
25849537	11	9	theme	significant	1618:1628	arg1	reduction					1630:1638	A significant reduction	1616:1638	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization	1616:1679	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	2	10	theme	independent	303:313	arg1	trials					315:320	Two independent trials	299:320	Two independent trials	299:320	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	1	11	theme	Clostridium	205:215	arg1	proliferation					229:241	Clostridium perfringens proliferation	205:241	Clostridium perfringens proliferation	205:241	Previously, we have reported that rye significantly increased both viscosity and Clostridium perfringens proliferation when compared with corn in an in vitro digestive model.
25849537	9	12	dep	increased	1275:1283	arg1	evaluated					1384:1392	evaluated	1384:1392	evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn	1384:1437	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	11	13	theme	bone	1661:1664	arg1	mineralization					1666:1679	bone mineralization	1661:1679	bone mineralization	1661:1679	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	9	14	theme	Bacterial	1208:1216	arg1	enumeration					1218:1228	Bacterial enumeration	1208:1228	Bacterial enumeration	1208:1228	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	1	15	from	corn	262:265	arg1	model					292:296	an in vitro digestive model	270:296	an in vitro digestive model	270:296	Previously, we have reported that rye significantly increased both viscosity and Clostridium perfringens proliferation when compared with corn in an in vitro digestive model.
25849537	4	16	from	dose	730:733	arg1	experiments					676:686	both experiments	671:686	both experiments	671:686	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	5	17	theme	blood	811:815	arg1	samples					827:833	blood and liver samples	811:833	blood and liver samples	811:833	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	5	18	theme	liver	821:825	arg1	samples					827:833	blood and liver samples	811:833	blood and liver samples	811:833	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	0	19	from	mineralization	91:104	arg1	poults					116:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	0	20	theme	microbiota	59:68	arg1	composition					70:80	microbiota composition	59:80	microbiota composition	59:80	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	9	21	theme	tract	1378:1382	arg1	sections					1345:1352	all three sections	1335:1352	all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract	1335:1382	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	12	22	theme	intestinal	1892:1901	arg1	tract					1903:1907	the intestinal tract	1888:1907	the intestinal tract	1888:1907	In conclusion, rye evoked mucosal damage in turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization.
25849537	5	23	theme	gavage	803:808	arg1	h					793:793	2.5 h	789:793	2.5 h of oral gavage	789:808	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	2	24	theme	turkey	519:524	arg1	poults					526:531	turkey poults	519:531	turkey poults	519:531	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	7	25	theme	parameters	1097:1106	arg1	observation					1077:1087	observation	1077:1087	observation of bone parameters	1077:1106	Tibias were collected for observation of bone parameters.
25849537	0	26	from	viscosity	48:56	arg1	poults					116:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	0	27	theme	Turkey	109:114	arg1	poults					116:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	8	28	dep	increased	1145:1153	arg1	p<0.05					1156:1161	p<0.05	1156:1161	p<0.05	1156:1161	Broilers fed with a rye diet showed increased (p<0.05) intestinal viscosity, BT, and serum FITC-d.
25849537	6	29	theme	gut	957:959	arg1	sections					961:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections were collected to evaluate intestinal viscosity and to enumerate gut microbiota.
25849537	2	30	theme	microbiota	443:452	arg1	composition					454:464	gut microbiota composition	439:464	gut microbiota composition	439:464	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	11	31	located	observed	1685:1692	arg2	reduction					1630:1638	A significant reduction	1616:1638	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization	1616:1679	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	11	31	located	observed	1685:1692	arg1	poults					1704:1709	turkey poults	1697:1709	turkey poults fed with rye	1697:1722	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	1	32	theme	digestive	282:290	arg1	model					292:296	an in vitro digestive model	270:296	an in vitro digestive model	270:296	Previously, we have reported that rye significantly increased both viscosity and Clostridium perfringens proliferation when compared with corn in an in vitro digestive model.
25849537	2	33	theme	intestinal	417:426	arg1	viscosity					428:436	intestinal viscosity	417:436	intestinal viscosity	417:436	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	0	34	theme	bacterial	12:20	arg1	translocation					22:34	bacterial translocation	12:34	bacterial translocation	12:34	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	13	35	theme	exogenous	2075:2083	arg1	enzymes					2085:2091	exogenous enzymes	2075:2091	exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	2075:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	9	36	theme	total	1299:1303	arg1	bacteria					1317:1324	total lactic acid bacteria	1299:1324	total lactic acid bacteria (LAB)	1299:1330	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	9	36	theme	total	1299:1303	arg1	LAB					1327:1329	LAB	1327:1329	LAB	1327:1329	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	2	37	theme	bone	471:474	arg1	mineralization					476:489	bone mineralization	471:489	bone mineralization	471:489	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	3	38	theme	rye	627:629	arg1	diet					631:634	a rye diet	625:634	a rye diet (n = 0 /group)	625:649	In each experiment, day-of-hatch, turkey poults were randomly assigned to either a corn or a rye diet (n = 0 /group).
25849537	11	39	theme	fed	1748:1750	arg1	poults					1759:1764	corn fed turkey poults	1743:1764	corn fed turkey poults	1743:1764	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	4	40	theme	fluorescein	738:748	arg1	FITC-d					774:779	FITC-d	774:779	FITC-d	774:779	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	4	40	theme	fluorescein	738:748	arg1	dextran					765:771	fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran	738:771	fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d)	738:780	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	4	41	theme	isothiocyanate	750:763	arg1	FITC-d					774:779	FITC-d	774:779	FITC-d	774:779	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	4	41	theme	isothiocyanate	750:763	arg1	dextran					765:771	fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran	738:771	fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d)	738:780	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	3	42	theme	=	639:639	arg1	n					637:637	n	637:637	n = 0 /group	637:648	In each experiment, day-of-hatch, turkey poults were randomly assigned to either a corn or a rye diet (n = 0 /group).
25849537	4	43	from	d	658:658	arg1	dose					730:733	an oral gavage dose	715:733	an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d)	715:780	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	6	44	theme	intestinal	997:1006	arg1	viscosity					1008:1016	intestinal viscosity	997:1016	intestinal viscosity	997:1016	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections were collected to evaluate intestinal viscosity and to enumerate gut microbiota.
25849537	13	45	dep	Studies	1974:1980	arg1	evaluate					1985:1992	evaluate	1985:1992	to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	1982:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	2	46	theme	bacterial	392:400	arg1	translocation					402:414	bacterial translocation	392:414	bacterial translocation	392:414	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	4	47	theme	oral	718:721	arg1	dose					730:733	an oral gavage dose	715:733	an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d)	715:780	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	13	48	theme	Direct-Fed	2024:2033	arg1	candidates					2051:2060	selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates	2015:2060	selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	2015:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	12	49	theme	intestinal	1840:1849	arg1	viscosity					1851:1859	intestinal viscosity	1840:1859	intestinal viscosity	1840:1859	In conclusion, rye evoked mucosal damage in turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization.
25849537	5	50	theme	translocation	898:910	arg1	passage					866:872	the passage	862:872	the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT)	862:915	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	13	51	theme	rye	2096:2098	arg1	poults					2111:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	2	52	theme	rye	363:365	arg1	source					372:377	a source	370:377	a source of energy	370:387	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	2	52	theme	rye	363:365	arg1	effect					353:358	the effect	349:358	the effect of rye	349:365	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	3	53	dep	diet	631:634	arg1	n					637:637	n	637:637	n = 0 /group	637:648	In each experiment, day-of-hatch, turkey poults were randomly assigned to either a corn or a rye diet (n = 0 /group).
25849537	1	54	theme	in	273:274	arg1	model					292:296	an in vitro digestive model	270:296	an in vitro digestive model	270:296	Previously, we have reported that rye significantly increased both viscosity and Clostridium perfringens proliferation when compared with corn in an in vitro digestive model.
25849537	12	55	theme	turkey	1811:1816	arg1	poults					1818:1823	turkey poults	1811:1823	turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization	1811:1971	In conclusion, rye evoked mucosal damage in turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization.
25849537	13	56	dep	Microbial	2035:2043	arg1	DFM					2046:2048	DFM	2046:2048	DFM	2046:2048	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	3	57	dep	day-of-hatch	554:565	arg1	turkey					568:573	turkey	568:573	turkey	568:573	In each experiment, day-of-hatch, turkey poults were randomly assigned to either a corn or a rye diet (n = 0 /group).
25849537	10	58	theme	anaerobes	1578:1586	arg1	number					1568:1573	the total number	1558:1573	the total number of anaerobes	1558:1586	Turkey poults fed with rye also had significantly higher coliforms in duodenum and ileum but not in the ceca, whereas the total number of anaerobes increased only in duodenum.
25849537	9	59	theme	lactic	1305:1310	arg1	bacteria					1317:1324	total lactic acid bacteria	1299:1324	total lactic acid bacteria (LAB)	1299:1330	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	9	59	theme	lactic	1305:1310	arg1	LAB					1327:1329	LAB	1327:1329	LAB	1327:1329	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	11	60	from	reduction	1630:1638	arg1	strength					1648:1655	bone strength	1643:1655	bone strength	1643:1655	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	11	60	from	reduction	1630:1638	arg1	mineralization					1666:1679	bone mineralization	1661:1679	bone mineralization	1661:1679	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	12	61	theme	bone	1953:1956	arg1	mineralization					1958:1971	bone mineralization	1953:1971	bone mineralization	1953:1971	In conclusion, rye evoked mucosal damage in turkey poults that increased intestinal viscosity, increased leakage through the intestinal tract, and altered the microbiota composition and bone mineralization.
25849537	3	62	theme	day-of-hatch	554:565	arg1	poults					575:580	day-of-hatch, turkey poults	554:580	day-of-hatch, turkey poults	554:580	In each experiment, day-of-hatch, turkey poults were randomly assigned to either a corn or a rye diet (n = 0 /group).
25849537	9	63	theme	bacteria	1317:1324	arg1	number					1289:1294	the number	1285:1294	the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB)	1285:1330	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	11	64	theme	bone	1643:1646	arg1	strength					1648:1655	bone strength	1643:1655	bone strength	1643:1655	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	13	65	theme	turkey	2104:2109	arg1	poults					2111:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	0	66	from	composition	70:80	arg1	poults					116:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	2	67	from	corn	511:514	arg1	poults					526:531	turkey poults	519:531	turkey poults	519:531	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	8	68	theme	intestinal	1164:1173	arg1	viscosity					1175:1183	intestinal viscosity	1164:1183	intestinal viscosity	1164:1183	Broilers fed with a rye diet showed increased (p<0.05) intestinal viscosity, BT, and serum FITC-d.
25849537	9	69	theme	gastrointestinal	1361:1376	arg1	tract					1378:1382	the gastrointestinal tract	1357:1382	the gastrointestinal tract	1357:1382	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	0	70	from	translocation	22:34	arg1	poults					116:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Turkey poults	109:121	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	0	71	theme	bone	86:89	arg1	mineralization					91:104	bone mineralization	86:104	bone mineralization	86:104	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	5	72	theme	oral	798:801	arg1	gavage					803:808	oral gavage	798:808	oral gavage	798:808	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	8	73	theme	serum	1194:1198	arg1	FITC-d					1200:1205	serum FITC-d	1194:1205	serum FITC-d	1194:1205	Broilers fed with a rye diet showed increased (p<0.05) intestinal viscosity, BT, and serum FITC-d.
25849537	7	74	theme	bone	1092:1095	arg1	parameters					1097:1106	bone parameters	1092:1106	bone parameters	1092:1106	Tibias were collected for observation of bone parameters.
25849537	13	75	theme	fed	2100:2102	arg1	poults					2111:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	9	76	theme	turkey	1411:1416	arg1	poults					1418:1423	turkey poults	1411:1423	turkey poults fed with corn	1411:1437	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	13	77	from	enzymes	2085:2091	arg1	poults					2111:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	rye fed turkey poults	2096:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	11	78	theme	corn	1743:1746	arg1	poults					1759:1764	corn fed turkey poults	1743:1764	corn fed turkey poults	1743:1764	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	8	79	dep	showed	1138:1143	arg1	increased					1145:1153	increased	1145:1153	showed increased (p<0.05) intestinal viscosity, BT, and serum FITC-d	1138:1205	Broilers fed with a rye diet showed increased (p<0.05) intestinal viscosity, BT, and serum FITC-d.
25849537	6	80	theme	cecum	951:955	arg1	sections					961:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections were collected to evaluate intestinal viscosity and to enumerate gut microbiota.
25849537	2	81	theme	gut	439:441	arg1	composition					454:464	gut microbiota composition	439:464	gut microbiota composition	439:464	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	4	82	theme	age	663:665	arg1	d					658:658	10 d	655:658	10 d of age	655:665	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	10	83	theme	higher	1490:1495	arg1	coliforms					1497:1505	significantly higher coliforms	1476:1505	significantly higher coliforms	1476:1505	Turkey poults fed with rye also had significantly higher coliforms in duodenum and ileum but not in the ceca, whereas the total number of anaerobes increased only in duodenum.
25849537	5	84	theme	bacterial	888:896	arg1	BT					913:914	BT	913:914	BT	913:914	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	5	84	theme	bacterial	888:896	arg1	translocation					898:910	bacterial translocation	888:910	bacterial translocation (BT)	888:915	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	6	85	theme	ileum	941:945	arg1	sections					961:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections were collected to evaluate intestinal viscosity and to enumerate gut microbiota.
25849537	0	86	theme	intestinal	37:46	arg1	viscosity					48:56	intestinal viscosity	37:56	intestinal viscosity	37:56	Rye affects bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, microbiota composition and bone mineralization in Turkey poults.
25849537	6	87	theme	Duodenum	931:938	arg1	sections					961:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections	931:968	Duodenum, ileum and cecum gut sections were collected to evaluate intestinal viscosity and to enumerate gut microbiota.
25849537	4	88	theme	gavage	723:728	arg1	dose					730:733	an oral gavage dose	715:733	an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d)	715:780	At 10 d of age, in both experiments, 12 birds/group were given an oral gavage dose of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d).
25849537	11	89	theme	turkey	1752:1757	arg1	poults					1759:1764	corn fed turkey poults	1743:1764	corn fed turkey poults	1743:1764	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	9	90	theme	turkey	1244:1249	arg1	poults					1251:1256	turkey poults	1244:1256	turkey poults fed with rye	1244:1269	Bacterial enumeration revealed that turkey poults fed with rye had increased the number of total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all three sections of the gastrointestinal tract evaluated when compared to turkey poults fed with corn.
25849537	11	91	theme	turkey	1697:1702	arg1	poults					1704:1709	turkey poults	1697:1709	turkey poults fed with rye	1697:1722	A significant reduction in bone strength and bone mineralization was observed in turkey poults fed with rye when compared with corn fed turkey poults.
25849537	13	92	theme	candidates	2051:2060	arg1	inclusion					2002:2010	dietary inclusion	1994:2010	dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	1994:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	5	93	theme	FITC-d	877:882	arg1	passage					866:872	the passage	862:872	the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT)	862:915	After 2.5 h of oral gavage, blood and liver samples were collected to evaluate the passage of FITC-d and bacterial translocation (BT) respectively.
25849537	13	94	theme	selected	2015:2022	arg1	candidates					2051:2060	selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates	2015:2060	selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	2015:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	10	95	contain	had	1472:1474	arg1	poults					1447:1452	Turkey poults	1440:1452	Turkey poults fed with rye	1440:1465	Turkey poults fed with rye also had significantly higher coliforms in duodenum and ileum but not in the ceca, whereas the total number of anaerobes increased only in duodenum.
25849537	10	95	contain	had	1472:1474	arg2	coliforms					1497:1505	significantly higher coliforms	1476:1505	significantly higher coliforms	1476:1505	Turkey poults fed with rye also had significantly higher coliforms in duodenum and ileum but not in the ceca, whereas the total number of anaerobes increased only in duodenum.
25849537	13	96	theme	dietary	1994:2000	arg1	inclusion					2002:2010	dietary inclusion	1994:2010	dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	1994:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
25849537	2	97	theme	energy	382:387	arg1	source					372:377	a source	370:377	a source of energy	370:387	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	2	97	theme	energy	382:387	arg1	effect					353:358	the effect	349:358	the effect of rye	349:365	Two independent trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of rye as a source of energy on bacterial translocation, intestinal viscosity, gut microbiota composition, and bone mineralization, when compared with corn in turkey poults.
25849537	1	98	dep	Clostridium	205:215	arg1	perfringens					217:227	perfringens	217:227	perfringens	217:227	Previously, we have reported that rye significantly increased both viscosity and Clostridium perfringens proliferation when compared with corn in an in vitro digestive model.
25849537	10	99	theme	total	1562:1566	arg1	number					1568:1573	the total number	1558:1573	the total number of anaerobes	1558:1586	Turkey poults fed with rye also had significantly higher coliforms in duodenum and ileum but not in the ceca, whereas the total number of anaerobes increased only in duodenum.
25849537	13	100	theme	Microbial	2035:2043	arg1	candidates					2051:2060	selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates	2015:2060	selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults	2015:2116	Studies to evaluate dietary inclusion of selected Direct-Fed Microbial (DFM) candidates that produce exogenous enzymes in rye fed turkey poults are currently being evaluated.
29433277	7	0	theme	high	1364:1367	arg1	quality					1369:1375	high quality	1364:1375	high quality	1364:1375	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	8	1	theme	proteins	1504:1511	arg1	extraction					1490:1499	an enzymatic assisted extraction	1468:1499	an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins	1468:1511	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	3	2	theme	prepupae	652:659	arg1	samples					661:667	the prepupae samples	648:667	the prepupae samples	648:667	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	7	3	theme	purity	1353:1358	arg1	purity					1353:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	3	theme	purity	1353:1358	arg1	quality					1369:1375	high quality	1364:1375	high quality	1364:1375	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	3	theme	purity	1353:1358	arg1	%					1339:1339	>85%	1336:1339	>85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins	1336:1384	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	8	4	theme	best	1583:1586	arg1	case					1588:1591	the best case	1579:1591	the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%	1579:1643	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	1	5	theme	valuable	241:248	arg1	source					250:255	a valuable source	239:255	a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin	239:308	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	7	6	theme	BSF	1344:1346	arg1	purity					1353:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	7	theme	%	1339:1339	arg1	obtainment					1395:1404	the obtainment	1391:1404	the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction	1391:1432	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	7	theme	%	1339:1339	arg1	recovery					1324:1331	the recovery	1320:1331	the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins	1320:1384	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	4	8	theme	9	783:783	arg1	%					784:784	%	784:784	%	784:784	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	3	9	theme	exact	544:548	arg1	composition					560:570	exact proximate composition	544:570	exact proximate composition	544:570	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	8	10	theme	Bacillus	1599:1606	arg1	protease					1622:1629	Bacillus licheniformis protease	1599:1629	Bacillus licheniformis protease	1599:1629	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	7	11	from	damage	1173:1178	arg1	media					1190:1194	alkali media	1183:1194	alkali media	1183:1194	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	12	theme	Osborne	1281:1287	arg1	method					1303:1308	Osborne fractionation method	1281:1308	Osborne fractionation method	1281:1308	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	0	13	theme	lipids	114:119	arg1	extraction					72:81	extraction	72:81	extraction	72:81	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	0	13	theme	lipids	114:119	arg1	fractionation					87:99	fractionation	87:99	fractionation	87:99	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	5	14	from	chitin	923:928	arg1	issue					882:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	5	14	from	chitin	923:928	arg1	separation					896:905	the separation	892:905	the separation of protein from chitin	892:928	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	7	15	theme	stepwise	1199:1206	arg1	extraction					1216:1225	a stepwise protein extraction	1197:1225	a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions	1197:1252	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	0	16	theme	chitin	125:130	arg1	extraction					72:81	extraction	72:81	extraction	72:81	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	0	16	theme	chitin	125:130	arg1	fractionation					87:99	fractionation	87:99	fractionation	87:99	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	3	17	theme	total	573:577	arg1	acids					585:589	total amino acids	573:589	total amino acids	573:589	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	1	18	theme	economic	191:198	arg1	way					200:202	an economic way	188:202	an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin	188:308	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	4	19	theme	BSF	686:688	arg1	biomass					699:705	BSF prepupae biomass	686:705	BSF prepupae biomass	686:705	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	3	20	theme	fatty	592:596	arg1	profile					604:610	fatty acids profile	592:610	fatty acids profile	592:610	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	4	21	dep	contained	707:715	arg1	expressed					718:726	expressed	718:726	expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin	718:791	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	1	22	theme	soldier	139:145	arg1	fly					147:149	Black soldier fly	133:149	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens)	133:174	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	6	23	with	hydrolysis	1109:1118	arg1	method					1148:1153	the o-phthaldialdehyde method	1125:1153	the o-phthaldialdehyde method	1125:1153	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	2	24	theme	pure	497:500	arg1	fractions					526:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	4	25	theme	32	743:744	arg1	%					745:745	%	745:745	%	745:745	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	0	26	theme	proteins	104:111	arg1	extraction					72:81	extraction	72:81	extraction	72:81	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	0	26	theme	proteins	104:111	arg1	fractionation					87:99	fractionation	87:99	fractionation	87:99	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	9	27	theme	chitin	1671:1676	arg1	fraction					1678:1685	the chitin fraction	1667:1685	the chitin fraction obtained	1667:1694	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	9	28	theme	latter	1654:1659	arg1	case					1661:1664	this latter case	1649:1664	this latter case	1649:1664	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	1	29	dep	fly	147:149	arg1	BSF					152:154	BSF	152:154	BSF	152:154	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	6	30	theme	alkali	967:972	arg1	extraction					974:983	alkali extraction	967:983	alkali extraction of proteins	967:995	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	2	31	theme	different	392:400	arg1	extractions					440:450	chemical extractions	431:450	chemical extractions	431:450	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	31	theme	different	392:400	arg1	protocols					413:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	31	theme	different	392:400	arg1	extraction					474:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	0	32	theme	black	15:19	arg1	prepupae					33:40	black soldier fly prepupae	15:40	black soldier fly prepupae	15:40	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	1	33	theme	biomolecules	260:271	arg1	source					250:255	a valuable source	239:255	a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin	239:308	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	5	34	theme	most	865:868	arg1	issue					882:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	5	34	theme	most	865:868	arg1	separation					896:905	the separation	892:905	the separation of protein from chitin	892:928	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	1	35	theme	Black	133:137	arg1	fly					147:149	Black soldier fly	133:149	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens)	133:174	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	2	36	theme	enzymatic	455:463	arg1	extraction					474:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	36	theme	enzymatic	455:463	arg1	protocols					413:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	0	37	theme	fly	29:31	arg1	prepupae					33:40	black soldier fly prepupae	15:40	black soldier fly prepupae	15:40	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	7	38	theme	alkali	1183:1188	arg1	media					1190:1194	alkali media	1183:1194	alkali media	1183:1194	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	9	39	contain	had	1701:1703	arg1	fraction					1678:1685	the chitin fraction	1667:1685	the chitin fraction obtained	1667:1694	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	9	39	contain	had	1701:1703	arg2	content					1736:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	4	40	theme	19	769:770	arg1	%					771:771	%	771:771	%	771:771	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	7	41	theme	quality	1369:1375	arg1	purity					1353:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	41	theme	quality	1369:1375	arg1	quality					1369:1375	high quality	1364:1375	high quality	1364:1375	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	41	theme	quality	1369:1375	arg1	%					1339:1339	>85%	1336:1339	>85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins	1336:1384	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	6	42	theme	protein	1005:1011	arg1	%					1000:1000	96%	998:1000	96% of protein recovered	998:1021	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	6	42	theme	protein	1005:1011	arg1	protein					1005:1011	protein	1005:1011	protein recovered	1005:1021	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	9	43	theme	significant	1707:1717	arg1	content					1736:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	4	44	theme	37	757:758	arg1	%					759:759	%	759:759	%	759:759	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	9	45	theme	protein	1728:1734	arg1	content					1736:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	8	46	theme	assisted	1481:1488	arg1	extraction					1490:1499	an enzymatic assisted extraction	1468:1499	an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins	1468:1511	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	2	47	theme	present	315:321	arg1	investigation					323:335	The present investigation	311:335	The present investigation	311:335	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	8	48	theme	maximum	1544:1550	arg1	solubilisation					1561:1574	a maximum nitrogen solubilisation	1542:1574	a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%	1542:1643	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	7	49	theme	high	1348:1351	arg1	purity					1353:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	BSF high purity	1344:1358	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	4	50	theme	%	784:784	arg1	chitin					786:791	9% chitin	783:791	9% chitin	783:791	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	50	theme	%	784:784	arg1	weight					735:740	dry weight	731:740	dry weight	731:740	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	3	51	theme	samples	661:667	arg1	acids					585:589	total amino acids	573:589	total amino acids	573:589	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	3	51	theme	samples	661:667	arg1	composition					560:570	exact proximate composition	544:570	exact proximate composition	544:570	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	3	51	theme	samples	661:667	arg1	content					637:643	N-acetylglucosamine content	617:643	N-acetylglucosamine content	617:643	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	3	51	theme	samples	661:667	arg1	profile					604:610	fatty acids profile	592:610	fatty acids profile	592:610	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	4	52	theme	%	771:771	arg1	minerals					773:780	19% minerals	769:780	19% minerals	769:780	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	52	theme	%	771:771	arg1	proteins					747:754	32% proteins	743:754	32% proteins	743:754	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	6	53	theme	o-phthaldialdehyde	1129:1146	arg1	method					1148:1153	the o-phthaldialdehyde method	1125:1153	the o-phthaldialdehyde method	1125:1153	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	2	54	theme	chitin	519:524	arg1	fractions					526:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	7	55	theme	fractionation	1289:1301	arg1	method					1303:1308	Osborne fractionation method	1281:1308	Osborne fractionation method	1281:1308	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	8	56	theme	licheniformis	1608:1620	arg1	protease					1622:1629	Bacillus licheniformis protease	1599:1629	Bacillus licheniformis protease	1599:1629	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	2	57	theme	protein	507:513	arg1	fractions					526:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	6	58	theme	hydrolysis	1109:1118	arg1	degree					1099:1104	the degree	1095:1104	the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method	1095:1153	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	3	59	theme	proximate	550:558	arg1	composition					560:570	exact proximate composition	544:570	exact proximate composition	544:570	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	6	60	theme	degree	1099:1104	arg1	measurement					1080:1090	the measurement	1076:1090	the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method	1076:1153	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	5	61	theme	organic	837:843	arg1	solvents					845:852	organic solvents	837:852	organic solvents	837:852	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	6	62	theme	best	935:938	arg1	separation					940:949	The best separation	931:949	The best separation	931:949	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	4	63	theme	prepupae	690:697	arg1	biomass					699:705	BSF prepupae biomass	686:705	BSF prepupae biomass	686:705	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	3	64	theme	amino	579:583	arg1	acids					585:589	total amino acids	573:589	total amino acids	573:589	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	8	65	theme	%	1643:1643	arg1	case					1588:1591	the best case	1579:1591	the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%	1579:1643	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	5	66	theme	lipid	798:802	arg1	fraction					804:811	The lipid fraction	794:811	The lipid fraction	794:811	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	7	67	theme	milder	1236:1241	arg1	conditions					1243:1252	milder conditions	1236:1252	milder conditions	1236:1252	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	2	68	theme	assisted	465:472	arg1	extraction					474:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	68	theme	assisted	465:472	arg1	protocols					413:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	8	69	with	case	1588:1591	arg1	protease					1622:1629	Bacillus licheniformis protease	1599:1629	Bacillus licheniformis protease	1599:1629	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	5	70	theme	challenging	870:880	arg1	issue					882:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	5	70	theme	challenging	870:880	arg1	separation					896:905	the separation	892:905	the separation of protein from chitin	892:928	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	7	71	theme	fraction	1425:1432	arg1	obtainment					1395:1404	the obtainment	1391:1404	the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction	1391:1432	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	71	theme	fraction	1425:1432	arg1	recovery					1324:1331	the recovery	1320:1331	the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins	1320:1384	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	2	72	theme	fat	502:504	arg1	fractions					526:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	pure fat, protein and chitin fractions	497:534	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	4	73	theme	dry	731:733	arg1	weight					735:740	dry weight	731:740	dry weight	731:740	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	73	theme	dry	731:733	arg1	proteins					747:754	32% proteins	743:754	32% proteins	743:754	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	73	theme	dry	731:733	arg1	chitin					786:791	9% chitin	783:791	9% chitin	783:791	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	6	74	theme	proteins	988:995	arg1	extraction					974:983	alkali extraction	967:983	alkali extraction of proteins	967:995	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	6	75	dep	obtained	955:962	arg1	%					1000:1000	96%	998:1000	96% of protein recovered	998:1021	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	6	75	dep	obtained	955:962	arg1	protein					1005:1011	protein	1005:1011	protein recovered	1005:1021	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	8	76	from	solubilisation	1561:1574	arg1	case					1588:1591	the best case	1579:1591	the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%	1579:1643	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	6	77	from	loss	1036:1039	arg1	integrity					1050:1058	their integrity	1044:1058	their integrity	1044:1058	The best separation was obtained by alkali extraction of proteins (96% of protein recovered) albeit with loss in their integrity as indicated by the measurement of the degree of hydrolysis with the o-phthaldialdehyde method.
29433277	0	78	theme	soldier	21:27	arg1	prepupae					33:40	black soldier fly prepupae	15:40	black soldier fly prepupae	15:40	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	7	79	dep	purity	1353:1358	arg1	proteins					1377:1384	proteins	1377:1384	proteins	1377:1384	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	2	80	theme	extraction	402:411	arg1	extractions					440:450	chemical extractions	431:450	chemical extractions	431:450	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	80	theme	extraction	402:411	arg1	protocols					413:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	80	theme	extraction	402:411	arg1	extraction					474:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	enzymatic assisted extraction	455:483	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	0	81	theme	prepupae	33:40	arg1	Composition					0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae	0:40	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	0	81	theme	prepupae	33:40	arg1	approaches					57:66	systematic approaches	46:66	systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin	46:130	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	7	82	theme	chitin-enriched	1409:1423	arg1	fraction					1425:1432	chitin-enriched fraction	1409:1432	chitin-enriched fraction	1409:1432	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	7	83	theme	protein	1208:1214	arg1	extraction					1216:1225	a stepwise protein extraction	1197:1225	a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions	1197:1252	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	3	84	theme	acids	598:602	arg1	profile					604:610	fatty acids profile	592:610	fatty acids profile	592:610	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	4	85	theme	%	759:759	arg1	lipids					761:766	37% lipids	757:766	37% lipids	757:766	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	85	theme	%	759:759	arg1	proteins					747:754	32% proteins	743:754	32% proteins	743:754	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	0	86	theme	systematic	46:55	arg1	approaches					57:66	systematic approaches	46:66	systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin	46:130	Composition of black soldier fly prepupae and systematic approaches for extraction and fractionation of proteins, lipids and chitin.
29433277	7	87	theme	protein	1165:1171	arg1	damage					1173:1178	protein damage	1165:1178	protein damage in alkali media	1165:1194	To avoid protein damage in alkali media, a stepwise protein extraction adopting milder conditions was also explored based on Osborne fractionation method, allowing the recovery of >85% of BSF high purity and high quality proteins, and the obtainment of chitin-enriched fraction as well.
29433277	2	88	theme	chemical	431:438	arg1	extractions					440:450	chemical extractions	431:450	chemical extractions	431:450	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	2	88	theme	chemical	431:438	arg1	protocols					413:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	different extraction protocols	392:421	The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of applying different extraction protocols, either chemical extractions or enzymatic assisted extraction, to recover pure fat, protein and chitin fractions.
29433277	8	89	theme	enzymatic	1471:1479	arg1	extraction					1490:1499	an enzymatic assisted extraction	1468:1499	an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins	1468:1511	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	3	90	theme	N-acetylglucosamine	617:635	arg1	content					637:643	N-acetylglucosamine content	617:643	N-acetylglucosamine content	617:643	First, exact proximate composition, total amino acids, fatty acids profile, and N-acetylglucosamine content of the prepupae samples were determined.
29433277	4	91	theme	%	745:745	arg1	weight					735:740	dry weight	731:740	dry weight	731:740	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	91	theme	%	745:745	arg1	lipids					761:766	37% lipids	757:766	37% lipids	757:766	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	91	theme	%	745:745	arg1	proteins					747:754	32% proteins	743:754	32% proteins	743:754	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	4	91	theme	%	745:745	arg1	minerals					773:780	19% minerals	769:780	19% minerals	769:780	BSF prepupae biomass contained, expressed on dry weight, 32% proteins, 37% lipids, 19% minerals, 9% chitin.
29433277	5	92	theme	protein	910:916	arg1	issue					882:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	the most challenging issue	861:886	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	5	92	theme	protein	910:916	arg1	separation					896:905	the separation	892:905	the separation of protein from chitin	892:928	The lipid fraction was easily recovered by organic solvents, while the most challenging issue was the separation of protein from chitin.
29433277	9	93	theme	residual	1719:1726	arg1	content					1736:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	a significant residual protein content	1705:1742	In this latter case, the chitin fraction obtained also had a significant residual protein content.
29433277	8	94	theme	nitrogen	1552:1559	arg1	solubilisation					1561:1574	a maximum nitrogen solubilisation	1542:1574	a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%	1542:1643	The possibility of using an enzymatic assisted extraction of proteins was also explored, obtaining a maximum nitrogen solubilisation in the best case (with Bacillus licheniformis protease) of about 60%.
29433277	1	95	theme	residual	215:222	arg1	biomasses					224:232	residual biomasses	215:232	residual biomasses	215:232	Black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) constitutes an economic way to convert residual biomasses into a valuable source of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids and chitin.
27569998	6	0	theme	dominant	778:785	arg1	products					791:798	the dominant end products	774:798	the dominant end products from xylose fermentation	774:823	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	0	theme	dominant	778:785	arg1	acetate					761:767	acetate	761:767	acetate	761:767	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	0	theme	dominant	778:785	arg1	H2					754:755	H2	754:755	H2	754:755	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	3	1	theme	Phylogenetic	216:227	arg1	analysis					229:236	Phylogenetic analysis	216:236	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes	216:280	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	0	2	theme	sp	86:87	arg1	Growth					0:5	Growth	0:5	Growth	0:5	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	0	2	theme	sp	86:87	arg1	profiling					21:29	metabolic profiling	11:29	metabolic profiling	11:29	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	2	3	theme	anaerobic	114:122	arg1	YS13					167:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	2	3	theme	anaerobic	114:122	arg1	bacterium					138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium	103:146	bacterium	138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	6	4	theme	predominant	680:690	arg1	product					696:702	the predominant end product	676:702	the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations	676:743	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	4	theme	predominant	680:690	arg1	Lactate					664:670	Lactate	664:670	Lactate	664:670	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	4	5	from	°C	501:502	arg1	growth					488:493	optimum growth	480:493	optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0	480:513	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	2	6	theme	strain	160:165	arg1	YS13					167:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	2	6	theme	strain	160:165	arg1	bacterium					138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium	103:146	bacterium	138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	8	7	dep	observed	1070:1077	arg1	whereas					1152:1158	whereas	1152:1158	whereas	1152:1158	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	8	8	from	CO2	1185:1187	arg1	shift					1162:1166	a shift	1160:1166	a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate	1160:1215	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	3	9	theme	Thermoanaerobacter	320:337	arg1	species					309:315	a species	307:315	a species of Thermoanaerobacter	307:337	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	3	9	theme	Thermoanaerobacter	320:337	arg1	YS13					299:302	strain YS13	292:302	strain YS13	292:302	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	4	10	theme	temperatures	428:439	arg1	range					419:423	a wide range	412:423	a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0)	412:472	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	3	11	theme	16S	248:250	arg1	genes					257:261	the 16S rRNA genes	244:261	the 16S rRNA genes	244:261	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	5	12	theme	Metabolic	516:524	arg1	profiling					526:534	Metabolic profiling	516:534	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium	516:583	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	8	13	theme	metabolic	1013:1021	arg1	shift					1023:1027	a metabolic shift	1011:1027	a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate	1011:1064	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	8	14	from	lactate	1034:1040	arg1	shift					1023:1027	a metabolic shift	1011:1027	a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate	1011:1064	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	3	15	theme	rRNA	252:255	arg1	genes					257:261	the 16S rRNA genes	244:261	the 16S rRNA genes	244:261	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	8	16	from	ethanol	1173:1179	arg1	shift					1162:1166	a shift	1160:1166	a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate	1160:1215	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	6	17	theme	end	787:789	arg1	products					791:798	the dominant end products	774:798	the dominant end products from xylose fermentation	774:823	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	17	theme	end	787:789	arg1	acetate					761:767	acetate	761:767	acetate	761:767	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	17	theme	end	787:789	arg1	H2					754:755	H2	754:755	H2	754:755	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	4	18	from	pH	508:509	arg1	growth					488:493	optimum growth	480:493	optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0	480:513	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	8	19	located	observed	1070:1077	arg1	cultures					1082:1089	cultures	1082:1089	cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C	1082:1149	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	8	19	located	observed	1070:1077	arg2	shift					1023:1027	a metabolic shift	1011:1027	a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate	1011:1064	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	2	20	theme	designated	149:158	arg1	YS13					167:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	2	20	theme	designated	149:158	arg1	bacterium					138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium	103:146	bacterium	138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	4	21	theme	pHs	457:459	arg1	range					419:423	a wide range	412:423	a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0)	412:472	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	4	22	theme	carbon	370:375	arg1	source					377:382	carbon source	370:382	carbon source	370:382	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	6	23	theme	glucose	709:715	arg1	fermentations					731:743	glucose or cellobiose fermentations	709:743	glucose or cellobiose fermentations	709:743	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	7	24	theme	metabolic	830:838	arg1	balance					840:846	The metabolic balance	826:846	The metabolic balance	826:846	The metabolic balance shifted away from ethanol to H2, acetate, and lactate when YS13 was grown on cellobiose as temperatures increased from 45 to 70 °C.
27569998	0	25	theme	metabolic	11:19	arg1	profiling					21:29	metabolic profiling	11:29	metabolic profiling	11:29	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	5	26	from	profiling	526:534	arg1	medium					578:583	1191 medium	573:583	1191 medium	573:583	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	26	from	profiling	526:534	arg1	cellobiose					539:548	cellobiose	539:548	cellobiose	539:548	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	26	from	profiling	526:534	arg1	glucose					551:557	glucose	551:557	glucose	551:557	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	26	from	profiling	526:534	arg1	xylose					563:568	xylose	563:568	xylose	563:568	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	3	27	theme	UT	273:274	arg1	genes					276:280	cpn60 UT genes	267:280	cpn60 UT genes	267:280	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	4	28	theme	wide	414:417	arg1	range					419:423	a wide range	412:423	a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0)	412:472	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	2	29	attach	isolated	177:184	arg2	YS13					167:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	2	29	attach	isolated	177:184	arg1	spring					208:213	a geothermal hot spring	191:213	a geothermal hot spring	191:213	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	2	29	attach	isolated	177:184	arg2	bacterium					138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium	103:146	bacterium	138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	4	30	theme	optimum	480:486	arg1	growth					488:493	optimum growth	480:493	optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0	480:513	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	5	31	theme	major	645:649	arg1	metabolites					651:661	the major metabolites	641:661	the major metabolites	641:661	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	31	theme	major	645:649	arg1	H2					597:598	H2	597:598	H2	597:598	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	31	theme	major	645:649	arg1	CO2					601:603	CO2	601:603	CO2	601:603	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	31	theme	major	645:649	arg1	lactate					628:634	lactate	628:634	lactate	628:634	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	31	theme	major	645:649	arg1	ethanol					606:612	ethanol	606:612	ethanol	606:612	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	5	31	theme	major	645:649	arg1	acetate					615:621	acetate	615:621	acetate	615:621	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	8	32	dep	65	1145:1146	arg1	to					1142:1143	to	1142:1143	to	1142:1143	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	6	33	theme	cellobiose	720:729	arg1	fermentations					731:743	glucose or cellobiose fermentations	709:743	glucose or cellobiose fermentations	709:743	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	4	34	with	able	394:397	arg1	growth					488:493	optimum growth	480:493	optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0	480:513	Using cellobiose or xylose as carbon source, YS13 was able to grow over a wide range of temperatures (45-70 °C), and pHs (pH 5.0-9.0), with optimum growth at 65 °C and pH 7.0.
27569998	0	35	theme	thermophilic	44:55	arg1	sp					86:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	6	36	theme	xylose	805:810	arg1	fermentation					812:823	xylose fermentation	805:823	xylose fermentation	805:823	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	3	37	theme	strain	292:297	arg1	species					309:315	a species	307:315	a species of Thermoanaerobacter	307:337	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	3	37	theme	strain	292:297	arg1	YS13					299:302	strain YS13	292:302	strain YS13	292:302	Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA genes and cpn60 UT genes suggested strain YS13 as a species of Thermoanaerobacter.
27569998	7	38	dep	70	973:974	arg1	to					970:971	to	970:971	to	970:971	The metabolic balance shifted away from ethanol to H2, acetate, and lactate when YS13 was grown on cellobiose as temperatures increased from 45 to 70 °C.
27569998	0	39	theme	novel	38:42	arg1	sp					86:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	5	40	theme	1191	573:576	arg1	medium					578:583	1191 medium	573:583	1191 medium	573:583	Metabolic profiling on cellobiose, glucose, or xylose in 1191 medium showed that H2, CO2, ethanol, acetate, and lactate were the major metabolites.
27569998	2	41	theme	hot	204:206	arg1	spring					208:213	a geothermal hot spring	191:213	a geothermal hot spring	191:213	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	6	42	from	fermentation	812:823	arg1	products					791:798	the dominant end products	774:798	the dominant end products from xylose fermentation	774:823	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	42	from	fermentation	812:823	arg1	acetate					761:767	acetate	761:767	acetate	761:767	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	42	from	fermentation	812:823	arg1	H2					754:755	H2	754:755	H2	754:755	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	2	43	theme	geothermal	193:202	arg1	spring					208:213	a geothermal hot spring	191:213	a geothermal hot spring	191:213	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	0	44	theme	Thermoanaerobacter	67:84	arg1	sp					86:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	6	45	theme	end	692:694	arg1	product					696:702	the predominant end product	676:702	the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations	676:743	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	45	theme	end	692:694	arg1	Lactate					664:670	Lactate	664:670	Lactate	664:670	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	8	46	theme	incubation	1113:1122	arg1	temperature					1098:1108	the temperature	1094:1108	the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C	1094:1149	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	0	47	theme	bacterium	57:65	arg1	sp					86:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp	34:87	Growth and metabolic profiling of the novel thermophilic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter sp.
27569998	2	48	theme	thermophilic	125:136	arg1	YS13					167:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	designated strain YS13	149:170	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	2	48	theme	thermophilic	125:136	arg1	bacterium					138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium	103:146	bacterium	138:146	A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain YS13, was isolated from a geothermal hot spring.
27569998	6	49	from	fermentations	731:743	arg1	product					696:702	the predominant end product	676:702	the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations	676:743	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	6	49	from	fermentations	731:743	arg1	Lactate					664:670	Lactate	664:670	Lactate	664:670	Lactate was the predominant end product from glucose or cellobiose fermentations, whereas H2 and acetate were the dominant end products from xylose fermentation.
27569998	8	50	located	observed	1221:1228	arg2	shift					1162:1166	a shift	1160:1166	a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate	1160:1215	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
27569998	8	50	located	observed	1221:1228	arg1	cultures					1233:1240	cultures	1233:1240	cultures incubated at 70 °C	1233:1259	When YS13 was grown on xylose, a metabolic shift from lactate to H2, CO2, and acetate was observed in cultures as the temperature of incubation increased from 45 to 65 °C, whereas a shift from ethanol and CO2 to H2, acetate, and lactate was observed in cultures incubated at 70 °C.
24961492	10	0	theme	tissue	1614:1619	arg1	engineering					1621:1631	anatomic tissue engineering	1605:1631	anatomic tissue engineering	1605:1631	Therefore, this platform is ideal for accurate cell distribution and arrangement for anatomic tissue engineering.
24961492	8	1	with	viability	1281:1289	arg1	photopolymerization					1330:1348	simultaneous photopolymerization	1317:1348	simultaneous photopolymerization	1317:1348	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	4	2	theme	bioprinting	682:692	arg1	platform					694:701	a bioprinting platform	680:701	a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering	680:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	1	3	theme	medicine	247:254	arg1	field					202:206	the field	198:206	the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	198:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	10	4	theme	accurate	1558:1565	arg1	distribution					1572:1583	accurate cell distribution	1558:1583	accurate cell distribution	1558:1583	Therefore, this platform is ideal for accurate cell distribution and arrangement for anatomic tissue engineering.
24961492	6	5	from	positions	1025:1033	arg1	cells					980:984	The printed cells	968:984	The printed cells	968:984	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	6	5	from	positions	1025:1033	arg1	supported					1036:1044	supported	1036:1044	supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization	1036:1108	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	6	5	from	positions	1025:1033	arg1	fixed					991:995	fixed	991:995	fixed	991:995	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	4	6	with	cartilage	558:566	arg1	organization					586:597	native zonal organization	573:597	native zonal organization	573:597	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	4	6	with	cartilage	558:566	arg1	properties					655:664	mechanical properties	644:664	mechanical properties	644:664	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	4	6	with	cartilage	558:566	arg1	ECM					634:636	ECM	634:636	ECM	634:636	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	4	6	with	cartilage	558:566	arg1	composition					621:631	extracellular matrix composition	600:631	extracellular matrix composition (ECM)	600:637	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	6	7	theme	original	1006:1013	arg1	positions					1025:1033	their original deposited positions	1000:1033	their original deposited positions	1000:1033	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	7	8	theme	printed	1144:1150	arg1	tissue					1152:1157	the printed tissue	1140:1157	the printed tissue	1140:1157	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage.
24961492	4	9	theme	capable	775:781	arg1	photopolymerization					755:773	simultaneous photopolymerization	742:773	simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering	742:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	6	10	theme	surrounding	1053:1063	arg1	scaffold					1065:1072	the surrounding scaffold	1049:1072	the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization	1049:1108	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	9	11	theme	type	1457:1460	arg1	production					1465:1474	excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production	1410:1474	excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production	1410:1474	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	7	12	theme	tissue	1152:1157	arg1	properties					1126:1135	The mechanical properties	1111:1135	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue	1111:1157	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage.
24961492	7	12	theme	tissue	1152:1157	arg1	similar					1164:1170	similar	1164:1170	similar	1164:1170	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage.
24961492	7	13	theme	native	1179:1184	arg1	cartilage					1186:1194	the native cartilage	1175:1194	the native cartilage	1175:1194	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage.
24961492	4	14	theme	commercial	711:720	arg1	printer					729:735	a commercial inkjet printer	709:735	a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering	709:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	4	15	theme	zonal	580:584	arg1	organization					586:597	native zonal organization	573:597	native zonal organization	573:597	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	8	16	theme	conventional	1209:1220	arg1	fabrication					1229:1239	conventional tissue fabrication	1209:1239	conventional tissue fabrication	1209:1239	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	5	17	theme	3D	910:911	arg1	construction					926:937	3D neocartilage construction	910:937	3D neocartilage construction	910:937	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	5	18	theme	Human	820:824	arg1	chondrocytes					826:837	Human chondrocytes	820:837	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)	820:891	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	3	19	theme	anatomic	516:523	arg1	structures					525:534	their native anatomic structures	503:534	their native anatomic structures	503:534	Therefore, this technology is an ideal approach to fabricate tissues mimicking their native anatomic structures.
24961492	2	20	theme	three-dimensional	382:398	arg1	locations					405:413	the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations	345:413	locations	405:413	With digital control cells, scaffolds, and growth factors can be precisely deposited to the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations rapidly.
24961492	8	21	theme	UV	1264:1265	arg1	exposure					1267:1274	longer UV exposure	1257:1274	longer UV exposure	1257:1274	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	9	22	theme	Printed	1376:1382	arg1	neocartilage					1384:1395	Printed neocartilage	1376:1395	Printed neocartilage	1376:1395	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	4	23	theme	native	573:578	arg1	organization					586:597	native zonal organization	573:597	native zonal organization	573:597	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	8	24	theme	tissue	1222:1227	arg1	fabrication					1229:1239	conventional tissue fabrication	1209:1239	conventional tissue fabrication	1209:1239	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	4	25	theme	extracellular	600:612	arg1	ECM					634:636	ECM	634:636	ECM	634:636	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	4	25	theme	extracellular	600:612	arg1	composition					621:631	extracellular matrix composition	600:631	extracellular matrix composition (ECM)	600:637	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	1	26	theme	attractive	162:171	arg1	technologies					182:193	the most attractive enabling technologies	153:193	the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	153:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	0	27	theme	cartilage	6:14	arg1	fabrication					23:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication	0:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication	0:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
24961492	6	28	theme	printed	972:978	arg1	cells					980:984	The printed cells	968:984	The printed cells	968:984	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	6	28	theme	printed	972:978	arg1	supported					1036:1044	supported	1036:1044	supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization	1036:1108	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	6	28	theme	printed	972:978	arg1	fixed					991:995	fixed	991:995	fixed	991:995	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	7	29	theme	mechanical	1115:1124	arg1	properties					1126:1135	The mechanical properties	1111:1135	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue	1111:1157	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage.
24961492	7	29	theme	mechanical	1115:1124	arg1	similar					1164:1170	similar	1164:1170	similar	1164:1170	The mechanical properties of the printed tissue were similar to the native cartilage.
24961492	5	30	theme	layer-by-layer	943:956	arg1	assembly					958:965	layer-by-layer assembly	943:965	layer-by-layer assembly	943:965	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	1	31	theme	enabling	173:180	arg1	technologies					182:193	the most attractive enabling technologies	153:193	the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	153:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	0	32	theme	Human	0:4	arg1	fabrication					23:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication	0:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication	0:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
24961492	8	33	theme	longer	1257:1262	arg1	exposure					1267:1274	longer UV exposure	1257:1274	longer UV exposure	1257:1274	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	4	34	theme	inkjet	722:727	arg1	printer					729:735	a commercial inkjet printer	709:735	a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering	709:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	6	35	theme	deposited	1015:1023	arg1	positions					1025:1033	their original deposited positions	1000:1033	their original deposited positions	1000:1033	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	1	36	theme	technologies	182:193	arg1	one					146:148	one	146:148	one	146:148	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	1	36	theme	technologies	182:193	arg1	technologies					182:193	the most attractive enabling technologies	153:193	the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	153:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	9	37	theme	excellent	1410:1418	arg1	production					1465:1474	excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production	1410:1474	excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production	1410:1474	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	10	38	theme	cell	1567:1570	arg1	distribution					1572:1583	accurate cell distribution	1558:1583	accurate cell distribution	1558:1583	Therefore, this platform is ideal for accurate cell distribution and arrangement for anatomic tissue engineering.
24961492	6	39	from	scaffold	1065:1072	arg1	photopolymerization					1090:1108	simultaneous photopolymerization	1077:1108	simultaneous photopolymerization	1077:1108	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	2	40	theme	growth	300:305	arg1	factors					307:313	growth factors	300:313	growth factors	300:313	With digital control cells, scaffolds, and growth factors can be precisely deposited to the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations rapidly.
24961492	5	41	theme	poly	852:855	arg1	diacrylate					874:883	poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate	852:883	poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)	852:891	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	5	41	theme	poly	852:855	arg1	PEGDA					886:890	PEGDA	886:890	PEGDA	886:890	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	0	42	theme	tissue	16:21	arg1	fabrication					23:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication	0:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication	0:33	Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
24961492	9	43	theme	glycosaminoglycan	1420:1436	arg1	production					1465:1474	excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production	1410:1474	excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production	1410:1474	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	4	44	theme	3D	787:788	arg1	engineering					807:817	3D cartilage tissue engineering	787:817	3D cartilage tissue engineering	787:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	0	45	theme	three-dimensional	41:57	arg1	technology					75:84	three-dimensional inkjet printing technology	41:84	three-dimensional inkjet printing technology	41:84	Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
24961492	5	46	theme	neocartilage	913:924	arg1	construction					926:937	3D neocartilage construction	910:937	3D neocartilage construction	910:937	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	5	47	theme	ethylene	857:864	arg1	poly					852:855	poly	852:855	poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)	852:891	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	5	47	theme	ethylene	857:864	arg1	glycol					866:871	ethylene glycol	857:871	ethylene glycol	857:871	Human chondrocytes suspended in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) were printed for 3D neocartilage construction via layer-by-layer assembly.
24961492	6	48	theme	simultaneous	1077:1088	arg1	photopolymerization					1090:1108	simultaneous photopolymerization	1077:1108	simultaneous photopolymerization	1077:1108	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	2	49	theme	3D	401:402	arg1	locations					405:413	the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations	345:413	locations	405:413	With digital control cells, scaffolds, and growth factors can be precisely deposited to the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations rapidly.
24961492	4	50	theme	mechanical	644:653	arg1	properties					655:664	mechanical properties	644:664	mechanical properties	644:664	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	9	51	with	consistent	1487:1496	arg1	expression					1508:1517	gene expression	1503:1517	gene expression	1503:1517	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	8	52	theme	cells	1306:1310	arg1	viability					1281:1289	the viability	1277:1289	the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization	1277:1348	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	8	52	theme	cells	1306:1310	arg1	higher					1368:1373	higher	1368:1373	higher	1368:1373	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	0	53	theme	printing	66:73	arg1	technology					75:84	three-dimensional inkjet printing technology	41:84	three-dimensional inkjet printing technology	41:84	Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
24961492	8	54	theme	printed	1298:1304	arg1	cells					1306:1310	the printed cells	1294:1310	the printed cells	1294:1310	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	9	55	theme	gene	1503:1506	arg1	expression					1508:1517	gene expression	1503:1517	gene expression	1503:1517	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	1	56	theme	thermal	118:124	arg1	printing					133:140	thermal inkjet printing	118:140	thermal inkjet printing	118:140	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	0	57	theme	inkjet	59:64	arg1	technology					75:84	three-dimensional inkjet printing technology	41:84	three-dimensional inkjet printing technology	41:84	Human cartilage tissue fabrication using three-dimensional inkjet printing technology.
24961492	4	58	with	printer	729:735	arg1	photopolymerization					755:773	simultaneous photopolymerization	742:773	simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering	742:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	1	59	theme	inkjet	126:131	arg1	printing					133:140	thermal inkjet printing	118:140	thermal inkjet printing	118:140	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	9	60	theme	collagen	1448:1455	arg1	type					1457:1460	collagen type II	1448:1463	collagen type II	1448:1463	Printed neocartilage demonstrated excellent glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen type II production, which was consistent with gene expression.
24961492	4	61	theme	tissue	800:805	arg1	engineering					807:817	3D cartilage tissue engineering	787:817	3D cartilage tissue engineering	787:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	2	62	theme	digital	262:268	arg1	control cells					270:282	digital control cells	262:282	digital control cells	262:282	With digital control cells, scaffolds, and growth factors can be precisely deposited to the desired two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) locations rapidly.
24961492	3	63	theme	ideal	457:461	arg1	technology					440:449	this technology	435:449	this technology	435:449	Therefore, this technology is an ideal approach to fabricate tissues mimicking their native anatomic structures.
24961492	3	63	theme	ideal	457:461	arg1	approach					463:470	an ideal approach	454:470	an ideal approach to fabricate tissues mimicking their native anatomic structures	454:534	Therefore, this technology is an ideal approach to fabricate tissues mimicking their native anatomic structures.
24961492	4	64	theme	simultaneous	742:753	arg1	photopolymerization					755:773	simultaneous photopolymerization	742:773	simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering	742:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	1	65	theme	tissue	211:216	arg1	engineering					218:228	tissue engineering	211:228	tissue engineering	211:228	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	6	66	dep	fixed	991:995	arg1	cells					980:984	The printed cells	968:984	The printed cells	968:984	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	6	66	dep	fixed	991:995	arg1	supported					1036:1044	supported	1036:1044	supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization	1036:1108	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	6	66	dep	fixed	991:995	arg1	fixed					991:995	fixed	991:995	fixed	991:995	The printed cells were fixed at their original deposited positions, supported by the surrounding scaffold in simultaneous photopolymerization.
24961492	4	67	theme	cartilage	790:798	arg1	engineering					807:817	3D cartilage tissue engineering	787:817	3D cartilage tissue engineering	787:817	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	1	68	theme	engineering	218:228	arg1	field					202:206	the field	198:206	the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	198:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	1	69	from	technologies	182:193	arg1	field					202:206	the field	198:206	the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine	198:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
24961492	10	70	theme	anatomic	1605:1612	arg1	engineering					1621:1631	anatomic tissue engineering	1605:1631	anatomic tissue engineering	1605:1631	Therefore, this platform is ideal for accurate cell distribution and arrangement for anatomic tissue engineering.
24961492	4	71	theme	matrix	614:619	arg1	ECM					634:636	ECM	634:636	ECM	634:636	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	4	71	theme	matrix	614:619	arg1	composition					621:631	extracellular matrix composition	600:631	extracellular matrix composition (ECM)	600:637	In order to engineer cartilage with native zonal organization, extracellular matrix composition (ECM), and mechanical properties, we developed a bioprinting platform using a commercial inkjet printer with simultaneous photopolymerization capable for 3D cartilage tissue engineering.
24961492	3	72	theme	native	509:514	arg1	structures					525:534	their native anatomic structures	503:534	their native anatomic structures	503:534	Therefore, this technology is an ideal approach to fabricate tissues mimicking their native anatomic structures.
24961492	8	73	theme	simultaneous	1317:1328	arg1	photopolymerization					1330:1348	simultaneous photopolymerization	1317:1348	simultaneous photopolymerization	1317:1348	Compared to conventional tissue fabrication, which requires longer UV exposure, the viability of the printed cells with simultaneous photopolymerization was significantly higher.
24961492	1	74	theme	regenerative	234:245	arg1	medicine					247:254	regenerative medicine	234:254	regenerative medicine	234:254	Bioprinting, which is based on thermal inkjet printing, is one of the most attractive enabling technologies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
26320646	0	0	theme	carbamates	111:120	arg1	detection					122:130	carbamates detection	111:130	carbamates detection	111:130	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection.
26320646	1	1	theme	food	184:187	arg1	samples					189:195	food samples	184:195	food samples	184:195	A biosensor was fabricated to detect pesticides in food samples.
26320646	4	2	theme	shelf	569:573	arg1	half-life					595:603	half-life	595:603	half-life	595:603	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	2	theme	shelf	569:573	arg1	life					575:578	a significantly prolonged shelf life	543:578	a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days)	543:613	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	7	3	theme	vegetable	1146:1154	arg1	samples					1156:1162	various fruit and vegetable samples	1128:1162	various fruit and vegetable samples	1128:1162	Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor exhibited good testing capabilities when used to detect carbamates added to various fruit and vegetable samples.
26320646	4	4	theme	acetylcholinesterase	451:470	arg1	Immobilization					433:446	Immobilization	433:446	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane	433:486	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	5	theme	prolonged	559:567	arg1	half-life					595:603	half-life	595:603	half-life	595:603	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	5	theme	prolonged	559:567	arg1	life					575:578	a significantly prolonged shelf life	543:578	a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days)	543:613	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	7	6	theme	various	1128:1134	arg1	samples					1156:1162	various fruit and vegetable samples	1128:1162	various fruit and vegetable samples	1128:1162	Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor exhibited good testing capabilities when used to detect carbamates added to various fruit and vegetable samples.
26320646	3	7	theme	2	421:421	arg1	%					422:422	%	422:422	%	422:422	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	7	8	theme	fruit	1136:1140	arg1	samples					1156:1162	various fruit and vegetable samples	1128:1162	various fruit and vegetable samples	1128:1162	Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor exhibited good testing capabilities when used to detect carbamates added to various fruit and vegetable samples.
26320646	3	9	theme	fenugreek	398:406	arg1	hydrogel					408:415	2% fenugreek hydrogel	395:415	2% fenugreek hydrogel	395:415	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	7	10	theme	fabricated	1031:1040	arg1	biosensor					1042:1050	the fabricated biosensor	1027:1050	the fabricated biosensor	1027:1050	Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor exhibited good testing capabilities when used to detect carbamates added to various fruit and vegetable samples.
26320646	3	11	theme	Transparent	305:315	arg1	films					322:326	Transparent thin films	305:326	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability	305:374	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	4	12	dep	half-life	595:603	arg1	days					609:612	55 days	606:612	55 days	606:612	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	3	13	theme	thin	317:320	arg1	films					322:326	Transparent thin films	305:326	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability	305:374	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	0	14	theme	hydrogel-agarose	10:25	arg1	composite					27:35	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite	0:35	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite	0:35	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection.
26320646	5	15	theme	gold	664:667	arg1	nanoparticles					669:681	, gold nanoparticles	662:681	nanoparticles	669:681	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	4	16	from	Immobilization	433:446	arg1	membrane					479:486	the membrane	475:486	the membrane	475:486	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	0	17	theme	Fenugreek	0:8	arg1	composite					27:35	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite	0:35	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite	0:35	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection.
26320646	2	18	with	matrix	273:278	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	gold nanoparticles	285:302	gold nanoparticles	285:302	Acetylcholinesterase was immobilized in a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles.
26320646	6	19	theme	various	864:870	arg1	carbamates					872:881	various carbamates	864:881	various carbamates	864:881	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	6	19	theme	various	864:870	arg1	carbofuran					894:903	carbofuran	894:903	carbofuran	894:903	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	6	19	theme	various	864:870	arg1	methomyl					914:921	methomyl	914:921	methomyl	914:921	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	6	19	theme	various	864:870	arg1	carbaryl					928:935	carbaryl	928:935	carbaryl	928:935	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	6	19	theme	various	864:870	arg1	oxamyl					906:911	oxamyl	906:911	oxamyl	906:911	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	3	20	theme	%	422:422	arg1	agarose					424:430	2% agarose	421:430	2% agarose	421:430	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	6	21	theme	=	994:994	arg1	S/N					990:992	S/N = 3	990:996	S/N = 3	990:996	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	6	21	theme	=	994:994	arg1	nM					986:987	2, 21, 113, and 236 nM	966:987	2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3)	966:997	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	3	22	theme	superior	333:340	arg1	strength					353:360	superior mechanical strength	333:360	superior mechanical strength	333:360	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	5	23	theme	Transmission	616:627	arg1	microscopy					638:647	Transmission electron microscopy	616:647	Transmission electron microscopy	616:647	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	5	24	theme	electron	629:636	arg1	microscopy					638:647	Transmission electron microscopy	616:647	Transmission electron microscopy	616:647	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	3	25	with	films	322:326	arg1	stability					366:374	stability	366:374	stability	366:374	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	3	25	with	films	322:326	arg1	strength					353:360	superior mechanical strength	333:360	superior mechanical strength	333:360	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	3	26	theme	mechanical	342:351	arg1	strength					353:360	superior mechanical strength	333:360	superior mechanical strength	333:360	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	4	27	theme	retention	512:520	arg1	efficiency					522:531	high enzyme retention efficiency	500:531	high enzyme retention efficiency (92%)	500:537	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	27	theme	retention	512:520	arg1	%					536:536	92%	534:536	92%	534:536	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	5	28	dep	nanoparticles	669:681	arg1	nm					690:691	10-20 nm	684:691	10-20 nm in diameter	684:703	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	6	29	theme	detection	953:961	arg1	limits					943:948	limits	943:948	limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively	943:1011	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	5	30	theme	fenugreek	738:746	arg1	membrane					786:793	the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane	734:793	the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane	734:793	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	4	31	theme	enzyme	505:510	arg1	efficiency					522:531	high enzyme retention efficiency	500:531	high enzyme retention efficiency (92%)	500:537	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	31	theme	enzyme	505:510	arg1	%					536:536	92%	534:536	92%	534:536	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	2	32	theme	gold	285:288	arg1	nanoparticles					290:302	gold nanoparticles	285:302	gold nanoparticles	285:302	Acetylcholinesterase was immobilized in a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles.
26320646	0	33	theme	gold	47:50	arg1	nanoparticles					52:64	gold nanoparticles	47:64	gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection	47:130	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection.
26320646	6	34	theme	nM	986:987	arg1	detection					953:961	detection	953:961	detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively	953:1011	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	5	35	theme	hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase	748:784	arg1	membrane					786:793	the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane	734:793	the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane	734:793	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	0	36	theme	acetylcholinesterase	70:89	arg1	biosensor					97:105	acetylcholinesterase based biosensor	70:105	acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection	70:130	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection.
26320646	7	37	theme	good	1062:1065	arg1	capabilities					1075:1086	good testing capabilities	1062:1086	good testing capabilities	1062:1086	Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor exhibited good testing capabilities when used to detect carbamates added to various fruit and vegetable samples.
26320646	0	38	theme	based	91:95	arg1	biosensor					97:105	acetylcholinesterase based biosensor	70:105	acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection	70:130	Fenugreek hydrogel-agarose composite entrapped gold nanoparticles for acetylcholinesterase based biosensor for carbamates detection.
26320646	6	39	theme	dip-strip	838:846	arg1	system					848:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	4	40	theme	enzyme	587:592	arg1	half-life					595:603	half-life	595:603	half-life	595:603	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	40	theme	enzyme	587:592	arg1	life					575:578	a significantly prolonged shelf life	543:578	a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days)	543:613	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	40	theme	enzyme	587:592	arg1	efficiency					522:531	high enzyme retention efficiency	500:531	high enzyme retention efficiency (92%)	500:537	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	40	theme	enzyme	587:592	arg1	%					536:536	92%	534:536	92%	534:536	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	7	41	theme	testing	1067:1073	arg1	capabilities					1075:1086	good testing capabilities	1062:1086	good testing capabilities	1062:1086	Furthermore, the fabricated biosensor exhibited good testing capabilities when used to detect carbamates added to various fruit and vegetable samples.
26320646	2	42	theme	fenugreek	246:254	arg1	matrix					273:278	a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix	238:278	a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles	238:302	Acetylcholinesterase was immobilized in a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles.
26320646	2	43	theme	hydrogel-agarose	256:271	arg1	matrix					273:278	a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix	238:278	a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles	238:302	Acetylcholinesterase was immobilized in a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles.
26320646	6	44	theme	nanoparticle	825:836	arg1	system					848:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	5	45	from	nm	690:691	arg1	diameter					696:703	diameter	696:703	diameter	696:703	Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, gold nanoparticles (10-20 nm in diameter) were uniformly dispersed in the fenugreek hydrogel-agarose-acetylcholinesterase membrane.
26320646	2	46	theme	novel	240:244	arg1	matrix					273:278	a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix	238:278	a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles	238:302	Acetylcholinesterase was immobilized in a novel fenugreek hydrogel-agarose matrix with gold nanoparticles.
26320646	6	47	theme	enzyme-gold	813:823	arg1	system					848:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	4	48	theme	high	500:503	arg1	efficiency					522:531	high enzyme retention efficiency	500:531	high enzyme retention efficiency (92%)	500:537	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	4	48	theme	high	500:503	arg1	%					536:536	92%	534:536	92%	534:536	Immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on the membrane resulted in high enzyme retention efficiency (92%) and a significantly prolonged shelf life of the enzyme (half-life, 55 days).
26320646	6	49	theme	immobilized	801:811	arg1	system					848:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system	796:853	This immobilized enzyme-gold nanoparticle dip-strip system detected various carbamates, including carbofuran, oxamyl, methomyl, and carbaryl, with limits of detection of 2, 21, 113, and 236 nM (S/N = 3), respectively.
26320646	3	50	theme	2	395:395	arg1	%					396:396	%	396:396	%	396:396	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
26320646	3	51	theme	%	396:396	arg1	hydrogel					408:415	2% fenugreek hydrogel	395:415	2% fenugreek hydrogel	395:415	Transparent thin films with superior mechanical strength and stability were obtained with 2% fenugreek hydrogel and 2% agarose.
24837922	0	0	theme	coffee	82:87	arg1	properties					60:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties	33:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee	33:87	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	4	1	theme	molecular	545:553	arg1	<1kDa					572:576	<1kDa	572:576	<1kDa	572:576	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	1	theme	molecular	545:553	arg1	fraction					562:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction	534:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa)	534:577	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	0	2	theme	instant	74:80	arg1	coffee					82:87	instant coffee	74:87	instant coffee	74:87	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	4	3	theme	chlorogenic	481:491	arg1	acids					493:497	free chlorogenic acids	476:497	free chlorogenic acids	476:497	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	5	4	theme	melanoidins	614:624	arg1	index					635:639	the melanoidins browning index	610:639	the melanoidins browning index	610:639	A direct relationship between the melanoidins browning index and the molecular weight was observed.
24837922	6	5	theme	possible	785:792	arg1	abilities					812:820	their possible immunostimulatory abilities	779:820	their possible immunostimulatory abilities	779:820	The fractions obtained were incubated in vitro with murine spleen lymphocytes in order to evaluate their possible immunostimulatory abilities.
24837922	2	6	theme	galactomannans	312:325	arg1	characteristics					272:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	Sugars and linkage composition characteristics of arabinogalactans and galactomannans were recovered in all fractions.
24837922	2	6	theme	galactomannans	312:325	arg1	Sugars					241:246	Sugars	241:246	Sugars	241:246	Sugars and linkage composition characteristics of arabinogalactans and galactomannans were recovered in all fractions.
24837922	4	7	theme	lowest	538:543	arg1	<1kDa					572:576	<1kDa	572:576	<1kDa	572:576	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	7	theme	lowest	538:543	arg1	fraction					562:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction	534:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa)	534:577	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	0	8	from	Influence	0:8	arg1	properties					60:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties	33:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee	33:87	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	5	9	theme	browning	626:633	arg1	index					635:639	the melanoidins browning index	610:639	the melanoidins browning index	610:639	A direct relationship between the melanoidins browning index and the molecular weight was observed.
24837922	7	10	theme	early	855:859	arg1	marker					872:877	early activation marker	855:877	early activation marker	855:877	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	7	10	theme	early	855:859	arg1	CD69					849:852	CD69	849:852	CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations	849:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	8	11	theme	B-lymphocyte	1042:1053	arg1	activation					1055:1064	B-lymphocyte activation	1042:1064	B-lymphocyte activation	1042:1064	This was the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation, since all the other fractions failed, even when higher concentrations were used.
24837922	8	12	theme	only	1018:1021	arg1	fraction					1023:1030	the only fraction	1014:1030	the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation	1014:1064	This was the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation, since all the other fractions failed, even when higher concentrations were used.
24837922	8	12	theme	only	1018:1021	arg1	This					1005:1008	This	1005:1008	This	1005:1008	This was the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation, since all the other fractions failed, even when higher concentrations were used.
24837922	4	13	located	detected	522:529	arg2	acids					493:497	free chlorogenic acids	476:497	free chlorogenic acids	476:497	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	13	located	detected	522:529	arg1	<1kDa					572:576	<1kDa	572:576	<1kDa	572:576	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	13	located	detected	522:529	arg1	fraction					562:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction	534:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa)	534:577	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	13	located	detected	522:529	arg1	contrary					466:473	the contrary	462:473	the contrary	462:473	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	13	located	detected	522:529	arg2	caffeine					503:510	caffeine	503:510	caffeine	503:510	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	14	theme	weight	555:560	arg1	<1kDa					572:576	<1kDa	572:576	<1kDa	572:576	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	4	14	theme	weight	555:560	arg1	fraction					562:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction	534:569	the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa)	534:577	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	7	15	theme	CD69	849:852	arg1	expression					835:844	The surface expression	823:844	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations	823:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	3	16	theme	acid	372:375	arg1	analysis					377:384	amino acid analysis	366:384	amino acid analysis performed after hydrolysis	366:411	Also, amino acid analysis performed after hydrolysis showed similar compositions in all fractions.
24837922	7	17	theme	surface	827:833	arg1	expression					835:844	The surface expression	823:844	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations	823:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	8	18	theme	higher	1115:1120	arg1	concentrations					1122:1135	higher concentrations	1115:1135	higher concentrations	1115:1135	This was the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation, since all the other fractions failed, even when higher concentrations were used.
24837922	5	19	theme	direct	582:587	arg1	relationship					589:600	A direct relationship	580:600	A direct relationship between the melanoidins browning index and the molecular weight	580:664	A direct relationship between the melanoidins browning index and the molecular weight was observed.
24837922	2	20	theme	composition	260:270	arg1	characteristics					272:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	Sugars and linkage composition characteristics of arabinogalactans and galactomannans were recovered in all fractions.
24837922	1	21	theme	molecular	213:221	arg1	fractions					230:238	higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions	140:238	fractions	230:238	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	21	theme	molecular	213:221	arg1	weight					223:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	8	22	used	used	1142:1145	arg2	concentrations					1122:1135	higher concentrations	1115:1135	higher concentrations	1115:1135	This was the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation, since all the other fractions failed, even when higher concentrations were used.
24837922	2	23	theme	linkage	252:258	arg1	characteristics					272:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	Sugars and linkage composition characteristics of arabinogalactans and galactomannans were recovered in all fractions.
24837922	0	24	theme	weight	23:28	arg1	Influence					0:8	Influence	0:8	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.	0:88	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	6	25	theme	spleen	739:744	arg1	lymphocytes					746:756	murine spleen lymphocytes	732:756	murine spleen lymphocytes	732:756	The fractions obtained were incubated in vitro with murine spleen lymphocytes in order to evaluate their possible immunostimulatory abilities.
24837922	1	26	dep	higher	140:145	arg1	>100kDa					148:154	>100kDa	148:154	>100kDa	148:154	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	27	theme	Instant	90:96	arg1	coffee					98:103	Instant coffee	90:103	Instant coffee	90:103	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	28	dep	lower	194:198	arg1	<1kDa					206:210	<1kDa	206:210	<1kDa	206:210	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	0	29	theme	in	33:34	arg1	properties					60:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties	33:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee	33:87	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	3	30	theme	similar	420:426	arg1	compositions					428:439	similar compositions	420:439	similar compositions	420:439	Also, amino acid analysis performed after hydrolysis showed similar compositions in all fractions.
24837922	7	31	with	fraction	936:943	arg1	1-5kDa					950:955	1-5kDa	950:955	1-5kDa	950:955	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	6	32	theme	murine	732:737	arg1	lymphocytes					746:756	murine spleen lymphocytes	732:756	murine spleen lymphocytes	732:756	The fractions obtained were incubated in vitro with murine spleen lymphocytes in order to evaluate their possible immunostimulatory abilities.
24837922	0	33	theme	immunostimulatory	42:58	arg1	properties					60:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties	33:69	in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee	33:87	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	0	34	dep	in	33:34	arg1	vitro					36:40	vitro	36:40	vitro	36:40	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	7	35	from	sub-populations	904:918	arg1	expression					835:844	The surface expression	823:844	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations	823:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	3	36	theme	amino	366:370	arg1	analysis					377:384	amino acid analysis	366:384	amino acid analysis performed after hydrolysis	366:411	Also, amino acid analysis performed after hydrolysis showed similar compositions in all fractions.
24837922	8	37	theme	other	1081:1085	arg1	fractions					1087:1095	all the other fractions	1073:1095	all the other fractions	1073:1095	This was the only fraction to induce B-lymphocyte activation, since all the other fractions failed, even when higher concentrations were used.
24837922	1	38	dep	medium	158:163	arg1	30-100kDa					179:187	30-100kDa	179:187	30-100kDa	179:187	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	2	39	theme	arabinogalactans	291:306	arg1	characteristics					272:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	linkage composition characteristics	252:286	Sugars and linkage composition characteristics of arabinogalactans and galactomannans were recovered in all fractions.
24837922	2	39	theme	arabinogalactans	291:306	arg1	Sugars					241:246	Sugars	241:246	Sugars	241:246	Sugars and linkage composition characteristics of arabinogalactans and galactomannans were recovered in all fractions.
24837922	7	40	theme	different	883:891	arg1	sub-populations					904:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	7	41	from	CD69	849:852	arg1	sub-populations					904:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	5	42	theme	molecular	649:657	arg1	weight					659:664	the molecular weight	645:664	the molecular weight	645:664	A direct relationship between the melanoidins browning index and the molecular weight was observed.
24837922	7	43	theme	B-lymphocytes	990:1002	arg1	activation					976:985	activation	976:985	activation of B-lymphocytes	976:1002	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	7	44	theme	lymphocyte	893:902	arg1	sub-populations					904:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	4	45	theme	free	476:479	arg1	acids					493:497	free chlorogenic acids	476:497	free chlorogenic acids	476:497	On the contrary, free chlorogenic acids and caffeine were only detected in the lowest molecular weight fraction (<1kDa).
24837922	7	46	from	expression	835:844	arg1	sub-populations					904:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	different lymphocyte sub-populations	883:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	6	47	theme	immunostimulatory	794:810	arg1	abilities					812:820	their possible immunostimulatory abilities	779:820	their possible immunostimulatory abilities	779:820	The fractions obtained were incubated in vitro with murine spleen lymphocytes in order to evaluate their possible immunostimulatory abilities.
24837922	1	48	theme	higher	140:145	arg1	fractions					230:238	higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions	140:238	fractions	230:238	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	48	theme	higher	140:145	arg1	medium					158:163	medium	158:163	medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa)	158:188	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	48	theme	higher	140:145	arg1	weight					223:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	49	theme	lower	194:198	arg1	fractions					230:238	higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions	140:238	fractions	230:238	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	49	theme	lower	194:198	arg1	weight					223:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	50	dep	fractions	230:238	arg1	fractions					230:238	higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions	140:238	fractions	230:238	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	50	dep	fractions	230:238	arg1	medium					158:163	medium	158:163	medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa)	158:188	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	1	50	dep	fractions	230:238	arg1	weight					223:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight	194:228	Instant coffee was prepared and fractionated into higher (>100kDa), medium (5-10, 10-30, 30-100kDa) and lower (1-5, <1kDa) molecular weight fractions.
24837922	0	51	theme	molecular	13:21	arg1	weight					23:28	molecular weight	13:28	molecular weight	13:28	Influence of molecular weight on in vitro immunostimulatory properties of instant coffee.
24837922	7	52	theme	activation	861:870	arg1	marker					872:877	early activation marker	855:877	early activation marker	855:877	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
24837922	7	52	theme	activation	861:870	arg1	CD69					849:852	CD69	849:852	CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations	849:918	The surface expression of CD69 (early activation marker) on different lymphocyte sub-populations showed that the fraction with 1-5kDa was able to induce activation of B-lymphocytes.
27939307	6	0	theme	papain	985:990	arg1	stability					972:980	The stability	968:980	The stability of papain in the films	968:1003	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	2	1	with	blends	481:486	arg1	concentrations					504:517	increasing concentrations	493:517	increasing concentrations of polysaccharide	493:535	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	2	2	theme	increasing	493:502	arg1	concentrations					504:517	increasing concentrations	493:517	increasing concentrations of polysaccharide	493:535	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	9	3	from	desirable	1418:1426	arg1	dressings					1437:1445	wound dressings	1431:1445	wound dressings	1431:1445	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	10	4	theme	other	1455:1459	arg1	hand					1461:1464	the other hand	1451:1464	the other hand	1451:1464	On the other hand, mechanical resistance decreased without causing breakage of the films during the swelling tests.
27939307	3	5	theme	FTIR	593:596	arg1	analyses					606:613	FTIR and DSC analyses	593:613	FTIR and DSC analyses	593:613	FTIR and DSC analyses were performed to assess the composition and miscibility of blends.
27939307	13	6	theme	wound	1859:1863	arg1	dressing					1865:1872	interactive and bioactive wound dressing	1833:1872	dressing	1865:1872	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	4	7	theme	tensile	713:719	arg1	strength					721:728	tensile strength	713:728	tensile strength	713:728	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	6	8	theme	direct	1067:1072	arg1	method					1082:1087	direct contact method	1067:1087	direct contact method	1067:1087	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	13	9	from	blends	1897:1902	arg1	papain					1885:1890	papain	1885:1890	papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers	1885:1939	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	6	10	theme	hemolytic	1032:1040	arg1	assay					1051:1055	hemolytic activity assay	1032:1055	hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method	1032:1087	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	13	11	from	polymers	1932:1939	arg1	papain					1885:1890	papain	1885:1890	papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers	1885:1939	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	11	12	theme	papain	1670:1675	arg1	stability					1657:1665	the stability	1653:1665	the stability of papain in the proposed formulations	1653:1704	The hemolytic activity of the films was maintained during the studied period, suggesting the stability of papain in the proposed formulations.
27939307	9	13	theme	wettability	1361:1371	arg1	capacity					1386:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	9	13	theme	wettability	1361:1371	arg1	desirable					1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	11	14	from	stability	1657:1665	arg1	formulations					1693:1704	the proposed formulations	1680:1704	the proposed formulations	1680:1704	The hemolytic activity of the films was maintained during the studied period, suggesting the stability of papain in the proposed formulations.
27939307	6	15	theme	agar	1131:1134	arg1	diffusion					1136:1144	blood agar diffusion	1125:1144	blood agar diffusion	1125:1144	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	9	16	theme	swelling	1377:1384	arg1	capacity					1386:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	9	16	theme	swelling	1377:1384	arg1	desirable					1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	4	17	from	breakpoint	769:778	arg1	strength					721:728	tensile strength	713:728	tensile strength	713:728	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	4	17	from	breakpoint	769:778	arg1	modulus					742:748	elasticity modulus	731:748	elasticity modulus	731:748	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	4	17	from	breakpoint	769:778	arg1	elongation					755:764	elongation	755:764	elongation at breakpoint	755:778	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	2	18	theme	calcium	464:470	arg1	blends					481:486	calcium alginate blends	464:486	poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v)	444:557	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	3	19	theme	DSC	602:604	arg1	analyses					606:613	FTIR and DSC analyses	593:613	FTIR and DSC analyses	593:613	FTIR and DSC analyses were performed to assess the composition and miscibility of blends.
27939307	1	20	theme	chemical	351:358	arg1	debridement					360:370	the chemical debridement	347:370	the chemical debridement of the skin	347:382	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	9	21	theme	films	1402:1406	arg1	capacity					1386:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	9	21	theme	films	1402:1406	arg1	desirable					1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	1	22	theme	2	291:291	arg1	%					292:292	%	292:292	%	292:292	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	9	23	from	dressings	1437:1445	arg1	capacity					1386:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	the wettability and swelling capacity	1357:1393	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	9	23	from	dressings	1437:1445	arg1	desirable					1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	desirable	1418:1426	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	0	24	theme	/calcium	56:63	arg1	blends					74:79	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends	37:79	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage	37:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	1	25	theme	skin	379:382	arg1	debridement					360:370	the chemical debridement	347:370	the chemical debridement of the skin	347:382	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	8	26	theme	polymer	1238:1244	arg1	concentrations					1246:1259	the polymer concentrations	1234:1259	the polymer concentrations tested	1234:1266	The results showed that at the polymer concentrations tested, the blends were miscible.
27939307	13	27	theme	results	1787:1793	arg1	analysis					1771:1778	The analysis	1767:1778	The analysis of the results	1767:1793	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	13	28	theme	alginate	1923:1930	arg1	polymers					1932:1939	calcium alginate polymers	1915:1939	calcium alginate polymers	1915:1939	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	5	29	theme	alginate	849:856	arg1	concentrations					823:836	different concentrations	813:836	different concentrations of calcium alginate	813:856	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	0	30	theme	new	84:86	arg1	dosage					103:108	new pharmaceutical dosage	84:108	new pharmaceutical dosage	84:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	5	31	theme	physical	861:868	arg1	attributes					870:879	physical attributes	861:879	physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties	861:950	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	10	32	theme	films	1531:1535	arg1	breakage					1515:1522	breakage	1515:1522	breakage of the films	1515:1535	On the other hand, mechanical resistance decreased without causing breakage of the films during the swelling tests.
27939307	0	33	theme	Papain	0:5	arg1	dressings					13:21	Papain wound dressings	0:21	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage	0:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	1	34	theme	wound	242:246	arg1	dressings					248:256	wound dressings	242:256	wound dressings	242:256	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	5	35	theme	different	813:821	arg1	concentrations					823:836	different concentrations	813:836	different concentrations of calcium alginate	813:856	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	2	36	theme	%	552:552	arg1	v/v					554:556	10, 20, and 30% v/v	538:556	10, 20, and 30% v/v	538:556	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	2	36	theme	%	552:552	arg1	poly					444:447	poly	444:447	poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v)	444:557	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	4	37	theme	Mechanical	683:692	arg1	strength					721:728	tensile strength	713:728	tensile strength	713:728	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	4	37	theme	Mechanical	683:692	arg1	modulus					742:748	elasticity modulus	731:748	elasticity modulus	731:748	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	4	37	theme	Mechanical	683:692	arg1	elongation					755:764	elongation	755:764	elongation at breakpoint	755:778	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	4	37	theme	Mechanical	683:692	arg1	properties					694:703	Mechanical properties	683:703	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint	683:778	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	1	38	dep	Transparent	156:166	arg1	soft					169:172	soft	169:172	soft	169:172	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	1	38	dep	Transparent	156:166	arg1	flexible					175:182	flexible	175:182	flexible	175:182	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	1	38	dep	Transparent	156:166	arg1	resistant					198:206	resistant	198:206	resistant	198:206	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	13	39	theme	PVA	1907:1909	arg1	blends					1897:1902	blends	1897:1902	blends of PVA	1897:1909	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	13	39	theme	PVA	1907:1909	arg1	polymers					1932:1939	calcium alginate polymers	1915:1939	calcium alginate polymers	1915:1939	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	9	40	from	increase	1299:1306	arg1	content					1315:1321	the content	1311:1321	the content of the calcium alginate	1311:1345	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	13	41	theme	calcium	1915:1921	arg1	polymers					1932:1939	calcium alginate polymers	1915:1939	calcium alginate polymers	1915:1939	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	8	42	from	concentrations	1246:1259	arg1	miscible					1285:1292	miscible	1285:1292	miscible	1285:1292	The results showed that at the polymer concentrations tested, the blends were miscible.
27939307	8	42	from	concentrations	1246:1259	arg1	blends					1273:1278	the blends	1269:1278	the blends	1269:1278	The results showed that at the polymer concentrations tested, the blends were miscible.
27939307	9	43	theme	calcium	1330:1336	arg1	alginate					1338:1345	the calcium alginate	1326:1345	the calcium alginate	1326:1345	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	4	44	theme	elasticity	731:740	arg1	modulus					742:748	elasticity modulus	731:748	elasticity modulus	731:748	Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and elongation at breakpoint were evaluated.
27939307	13	45	theme	bioactive	1849:1857	arg1	dressing					1865:1872	interactive and bioactive wound dressing	1833:1872	dressing	1865:1872	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	6	46	from	stability	972:980	arg1	films					999:1003	the films	995:1003	the films	995:1003	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	6	47	theme	contact	1074:1080	arg1	method					1082:1087	direct contact method	1067:1087	direct contact method	1067:1087	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	13	48	contain	containing	1874:1883	arg2	papain					1885:1890	papain	1885:1890	papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers	1885:1939	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	13	48	contain	containing	1874:1883	arg1	dressing					1865:1872	interactive and bioactive wound dressing	1833:1872	dressing	1865:1872	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	1	49	theme	Transparent	156:166	arg1	films					208:212	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films	156:212	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films	156:212	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	9	50	theme	alginate	1338:1345	arg1	content					1315:1321	the content	1311:1321	the content of the calcium alginate	1311:1345	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	2	51	theme	polysaccharide	522:535	arg1	concentrations					504:517	increasing concentrations	493:517	increasing concentrations of polysaccharide	493:535	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	6	52	theme	activity	1042:1049	arg1	assay					1051:1055	hemolytic activity assay	1032:1055	hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method	1032:1087	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	10	53	theme	mechanical	1467:1476	arg1	resistance					1478:1487	mechanical resistance	1467:1487	mechanical resistance	1467:1487	On the other hand, mechanical resistance decreased without causing breakage of the films during the swelling tests.
27939307	11	54	theme	proposed	1684:1691	arg1	formulations					1693:1704	the proposed formulations	1680:1704	the proposed formulations	1680:1704	The hemolytic activity of the films was maintained during the studied period, suggesting the stability of papain in the proposed formulations.
27939307	1	55	theme	healing	407:413	arg1	process					415:421	the healing process	403:421	the healing process	403:421	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	6	56	theme	blood	1125:1129	arg1	diffusion					1136:1144	blood agar diffusion	1125:1144	blood agar diffusion	1125:1144	The stability of papain in the films was assessed indirectly by hemolytic activity assay employing direct contact method and confirmed by technique based on blood agar diffusion.
27939307	2	57	theme	casting	577:583	arg1	method					585:590	casting method	577:590	casting method	577:590	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	0	58	theme	preliminary	132:142	arg1	evaluation					144:153	preliminary evaluation	132:153	preliminary evaluation	132:153	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	2	59	theme	alginate	472:479	arg1	blends					481:486	calcium alginate blends	464:486	poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v)	444:557	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	13	60	theme	interactive	1833:1843	arg1	dressing					1865:1872	interactive and bioactive wound dressing	1833:1872	dressing	1865:1872	The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to prepare interactive and bioactive wound dressing containing papain from blends of PVA and calcium alginate polymers.
27939307	5	61	theme	mechanical	930:939	arg1	properties					941:950	mechanical properties	930:950	mechanical properties	930:950	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	3	62	theme	blends	675:680	arg1	miscibility					660:670	miscibility	660:670	miscibility	660:670	FTIR and DSC analyses were performed to assess the composition and miscibility of blends.
27939307	3	62	theme	blends	675:680	arg1	composition					644:654	composition	644:654	composition	644:654	FTIR and DSC analyses were performed to assess the composition and miscibility of blends.
27939307	11	63	theme	studied	1626:1632	arg1	period					1634:1639	the studied period	1622:1639	the studied period	1622:1639	The hemolytic activity of the films was maintained during the studied period, suggesting the stability of papain in the proposed formulations.
27939307	0	64	theme	alginate	65:72	arg1	blends					74:79	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends	37:79	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage	37:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	1	65	theme	%	292:292	arg1	papain					294:299	2% papain	291:299	2% papain	291:299	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	1	65	theme	%	292:292	arg1	enzyme					316:321	a proteolytic enzyme	302:321	a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process	302:421	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	5	66	theme	calcium	841:847	arg1	alginate					849:856	calcium alginate	841:856	calcium alginate	841:856	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	9	67	theme	wound	1431:1435	arg1	dressings					1437:1445	wound dressings	1431:1445	wound dressings	1431:1445	The increase in the content of the calcium alginate increased the wettability and swelling capacity of the films, which is desirable in wound dressings.
27939307	0	68	theme	pharmaceutical	88:101	arg1	dosage					103:108	new pharmaceutical dosage	84:108	new pharmaceutical dosage	84:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	1	69	theme	proteolytic	304:314	arg1	papain					294:299	2% papain	291:299	2% papain	291:299	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	1	69	theme	proteolytic	304:314	arg1	enzyme					316:321	a proteolytic enzyme	302:321	a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process	302:421	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	0	70	theme	wound	7:11	arg1	dressings					13:21	Papain wound dressings	0:21	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage	0:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	3	71	dep	composition	644:654	arg1	the					640:642	the	640:642	the	640:642	FTIR and DSC analyses were performed to assess the composition and miscibility of blends.
27939307	5	72	from	influence	800:808	arg1	attributes					870:879	physical attributes	861:879	physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties	861:950	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	2	73	theme	vinyl	449:453	arg1	alcohol					455:461	vinyl alcohol	449:461	vinyl alcohol	449:461	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	2	73	theme	vinyl	449:453	arg1	poly					444:447	poly	444:447	poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v)	444:557	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	1	74	dep	papain	294:299	arg1	the					275:277	the	275:277	the	275:277	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	1	74	dep	papain	294:299	arg1	presence					279:286	presence	279:286	presence	279:286	Transparent, soft, flexible, mechanically resistant films, which are ideal for use as wound dressings were prepared in the presence of 2% papain, a proteolytic enzyme that can play a role in the chemical debridement of the skin and can accelerate the healing process.
27939307	5	75	theme	concentrations	823:836	arg1	influence					800:808	The influence	796:808	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties	796:950	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	0	76	theme	poly	37:40	arg1	blends					74:79	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends	37:79	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage	37:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	2	77	dep	poly	444:447	arg1	blends					481:486	calcium alginate blends	464:486	poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v)	444:557	The films, based on poly(vinyl alcohol):calcium alginate blends with increasing concentrations of polysaccharide (10, 20, and 30% v/v), were obtained by casting method.
27939307	7	78	theme	XTT	1195:1197	arg1	method					1199:1204	the XTT method	1191:1204	the XTT method	1191:1204	Preliminary cytotoxicity was evaluated with the XTT method.
27939307	11	79	theme	hemolytic	1568:1576	arg1	activity					1578:1585	The hemolytic activity	1564:1585	The hemolytic activity of the films	1564:1598	The hemolytic activity of the films was maintained during the studied period, suggesting the stability of papain in the proposed formulations.
27939307	10	80	theme	swelling	1548:1555	arg1	tests					1557:1561	the swelling tests	1544:1561	the swelling tests	1544:1561	On the other hand, mechanical resistance decreased without causing breakage of the films during the swelling tests.
27939307	0	81	theme	vinyl	42:46	arg1	poly					37:40	poly	37:40	poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage	37:108	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	0	81	theme	vinyl	42:46	arg1	alcohol					48:54	vinyl alcohol	42:54	vinyl alcohol	42:54	Papain wound dressings obtained from poly(vinyl alcohol)/calcium alginate blends as new pharmaceutical dosage form: Preparation and preliminary evaluation.
27939307	5	82	theme	swelling	908:915	arg1	capacity					917:924	swelling capacity	908:924	swelling capacity	908:924	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	12	83	theme	Cellular	1707:1714	arg1	viability					1716:1724	Cellular viability	1707:1724	Cellular viability	1707:1724	Cellular viability indicated that the films were non-toxic.
27939307	11	84	theme	films	1594:1598	arg1	activity					1578:1585	The hemolytic activity	1564:1585	The hemolytic activity of the films	1564:1598	The hemolytic activity of the films was maintained during the studied period, suggesting the stability of papain in the proposed formulations.
27939307	5	85	theme	films	884:888	arg1	attributes					870:879	physical attributes	861:879	physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties	861:950	The influence of different concentrations of calcium alginate on physical attributes of films like wettability, swelling capacity and mechanical properties was determined.
27939307	7	86	theme	Preliminary	1147:1157	arg1	cytotoxicity					1159:1170	Preliminary cytotoxicity	1147:1170	Preliminary cytotoxicity	1147:1170	Preliminary cytotoxicity was evaluated with the XTT method.
25721723	10	0	theme	major	1147:1151	arg1	lipids					1159:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	0	theme	major	1147:1151	arg1	derivatives					1180:1190	archaeol derivatives	1171:1190	archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1171:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	2	1	theme	archaeal	126:133	arg1	strains					135:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	1	theme	archaeal	126:133	arg1	E					147:147	62 E	144:147	62 E(T)	144:150	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	1	theme	archaeal	126:133	arg1	A					160:160	197 A	156:160	197 A	156:160	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	5	2	theme	%	372:372	arg1	optimum					386:392	optimum	386:392	optimum	386:392	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	5	2	theme	%	372:372	arg1	NaCl					380:383	24-30% (w/v) NaCl	367:383	24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%)	367:398	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	12	3	theme	phenotypic	1404:1413	arg1	analyses					1432:1439	the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1400:1439	the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1400:1439	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	14	4	dep	E	1612:1612	arg1	T					1645:1645	T	1645:1645	T	1645:1645	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	14	4	dep	E	1612:1612	arg1	4143					1640:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143	1618:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)	1618:1646	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	7	5	theme	closest	625:631	arg1	8878					677:680	Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878	646:680	Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	646:683	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	5	theme	closest	625:631	arg1	relative					633:640	The closest relative	621:640	The closest relative	621:640	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	3	6	from	µm	258:259	arg1	diameter					264:271	diameter	264:271	diameter	264:271	Cells were non-motile cocci, approximately 1.2-2.0 µm in diameter and stained Gram-negative.
25721723	3	7	theme	non-motile	218:227	arg1	Gram-negative					285:297	Gram-negative	285:297	Gram-negative	285:297	Cells were non-motile cocci, approximately 1.2-2.0 µm in diameter and stained Gram-negative.
25721723	3	7	theme	non-motile	218:227	arg1	µm					258:259	approximately 1.2-2.0 µm	236:259	approximately 1.2-2.0 µm in diameter	236:271	Cells were non-motile cocci, approximately 1.2-2.0 µm in diameter and stained Gram-negative.
25721723	3	7	theme	non-motile	218:227	arg1	cocci					229:233	non-motile cocci	218:233	non-motile cocci	218:233	Cells were non-motile cocci, approximately 1.2-2.0 µm in diameter and stained Gram-negative.
25721723	7	8	theme	JCM	673:675	arg1	T					682:682	T	682:682	T	682:682	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	8	theme	JCM	673:675	arg1	8878					677:680	Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878	646:680	Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	646:683	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	8	theme	JCM	673:675	arg1	relative					633:640	The closest relative	621:640	The closest relative	621:640	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	10	9	theme	archaeol	1171:1178	arg1	lipids					1159:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	9	theme	archaeol	1171:1178	arg1	derivatives					1180:1190	archaeol derivatives	1171:1190	archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1171:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	10	theme	phosphate	1238:1246	arg1	ester					1255:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	6	11	theme	relatedness	565:575	arg1	%					603:603	90 and 90%	594:603	90 and 90%	594:603	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	11	theme	relatedness	565:575	arg1	level					548:552	the level	544:552	the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them	544:588	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	2	12	theme	agar-degrading	100:113	arg1	strains					135:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	12	theme	agar-degrading	100:113	arg1	E					147:147	62 E	144:147	62 E(T)	144:150	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	12	theme	agar-degrading	100:113	arg1	A					160:160	197 A	156:160	197 A	156:160	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	5	13	dep	pH	404:405	arg1	6.5-8.5					407:413	6.5-8.5	407:413	pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5)	404:431	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	10	14	theme	ester	1255:1259	arg1	lipids					1159:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	14	theme	ester	1255:1259	arg1	derivatives					1180:1190	archaeol derivatives	1171:1190	archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1171:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	2	15	theme	commercial	182:191	arg1	samples					198:204	commercial salt samples	182:204	commercial salt samples	182:204	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	8	16	theme	Halococcus	986:995	arg1	strains					952:958	the two strains	944:958	the two strains	944:958	The rpoB' gene tree strongly supported that the two strains were members of the genus Halococcus .
25721723	8	16	theme	Halococcus	986:995	arg1	members					965:971	members	965:971	members of the genus Halococcus	965:995	The rpoB' gene tree strongly supported that the two strains were members of the genus Halococcus .
25721723	6	17	theme	rRNA	475:478	arg1	identical					529:537	identical	529:537	identical	529:537	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	17	theme	rRNA	475:478	arg1	sequences					485:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences	467:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	467:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	7	18	theme	gene	731:734	arg1	sequences					736:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	12	19	theme	agarilyticus	1555:1566	arg1	sp					1568:1569	the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp	1535:1569	the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp	1535:1569	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	7	20	theme	rRNA	714:717	arg1	sequences					736:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	6	21	dep	strains	498:504	arg1	E					509:509	62 E	506:509	62 E(T)	506:512	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	21	dep	strains	498:504	arg1	A					522:522	197 A	518:522	197 A	518:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	21	dep	strains	498:504	arg1	strains					498:504	strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	498:522	strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	498:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	21	dep	strains	498:504	arg1	T					511:511	T	511:511	T	511:511	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	14	22	theme	19592	1625:1629	arg1	T					1645:1645	T	1645:1645	T	1645:1645	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	14	22	theme	19592	1625:1629	arg1	4143					1640:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143	1618:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)	1618:1646	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	7	23	from	similarity	696:705	arg1	sequences					736:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	24	dep	Halococcus	759:768	arg1	salifodinae					770:780	salifodinae	770:780	salifodinae	770:780	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	10	25	theme	C20C25	1291:1296	arg1	archaeol					1298:1305	C20C25 archaeol	1291:1305	C20C25 archaeol	1291:1305	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	9	26	theme	DNA-DNA	1004:1010	arg1	relatedness					1012:1022	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness	999:1022	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T)	999:1111	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	7	27	theme	%	694:694	arg1	similarity					696:705	99.7% similarity	690:705	99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	690:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	1	28	theme	commercial	79:88	arg1	salt					90:93	commercial salt	79:93	commercial salt	79:93	nov., an agar-degrading haloarchaeon isolated from commercial salt.
25721723	0	29	theme	Halococcus	0:9	arg1	sp					24:25	Halococcus agarilyticus sp	0:25	Halococcus agarilyticus sp.	0:26	Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	12	30	theme	name	1539:1542	arg1	sp					1568:1569	the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp	1535:1569	the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp	1535:1569	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	2	31	theme	197	156:158	arg1	strains					135:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	31	theme	197	156:158	arg1	A					160:160	197 A	156:160	197 A	156:160	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	6	32	dep	%	603:603	arg1	reciprocally					606:617	reciprocally	606:617	reciprocally	606:617	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	12	33	theme	phylogenetic	1419:1430	arg1	analyses					1432:1439	the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1400:1439	the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1400:1439	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	10	34	theme	sulfated	1312:1319	arg1	archaeol-1					1332:1341	sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1312:1341	sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1312:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	12	35	theme	genus	1506:1510	arg1	Halococcus					1512:1521	the genus Halococcus	1502:1521	the genus Halococcus	1502:1521	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	11	36	theme	Several	1344:1350	arg1	glycolipids					1365:1375	Several unidentified glycolipids	1344:1375	Several unidentified glycolipids	1344:1375	Several unidentified glycolipids were present.
25721723	6	37	theme	strains	498:504	arg1	identical					529:537	identical	529:537	identical	529:537	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	37	theme	strains	498:504	arg1	sequences					485:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences	467:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	467:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	9	38	dep	H.	1086:1087	arg1	salifodinae					1089:1099	H. salifodinae	1086:1099	H. salifodinae	1086:1099	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	7	39	theme	Halococcus	854:863	arg1	species					833:839	other species	827:839	other species of the genus Halococcus	827:863	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	12	40	theme	novel	1485:1489	arg1	species					1491:1497	a novel species	1483:1497	a novel species	1483:1497	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	14	41	theme	type	1594:1597	arg1	strain					1599:1604	The type strain	1590:1604	The type strain	1590:1604	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	14	41	theme	type	1594:1597	arg1	E					1612:1612	62 E	1609:1612	62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T))	1609:1647	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	10	42	theme	archaeol-1	1332:1341	arg1	lipids					1159:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	42	theme	archaeol-1	1332:1341	arg1	derivatives					1180:1190	archaeol derivatives	1171:1190	archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1171:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	9	43	theme	H.	1051:1052	arg1	T					1110:1110	T	1110:1110	T	1110:1110	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	43	theme	H.	1051:1052	arg1	9578					1105:1108	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578	1051:1108	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T)	1051:1111	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	5	44	from	pH	404:405	arg1	able					349:352	able	349:352	able	349:352	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	5	45	dep	optimum	450:456	arg1	°C					462:463	42 °C	459:463	42 °C	459:463	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	9	46	theme	JCM	1070:1072	arg1	T					1079:1079	T	1079:1079	T	1079:1079	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	46	theme	JCM	1070:1072	arg1	8878					1074:1077	JCM 8878	1070:1077	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	1051:1080	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	1	47	theme	agar-degrading	37:50	arg1	haloarchaeon					52:63	an agar-degrading haloarchaeon	34:63	an agar-degrading haloarchaeon	34:63	nov., an agar-degrading haloarchaeon isolated from commercial salt.
25721723	1	47	theme	agar-degrading	37:50	arg1	nov.					28:31	nov.	28:31	nov.	28:31	nov., an agar-degrading haloarchaeon isolated from commercial salt.
25721723	10	48	theme	polar	1153:1157	arg1	lipids					1159:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	48	theme	polar	1153:1157	arg1	derivatives					1180:1190	archaeol derivatives	1171:1190	archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1171:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	5	49	theme	24-30	367:371	arg1	%					372:372	%	372:372	%	372:372	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	10	50	theme	phosphatidylglycerol	1195:1214	arg1	lipids					1159:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids	1143:1164	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	50	theme	phosphatidylglycerol	1195:1214	arg1	derivatives					1180:1190	archaeol derivatives	1171:1190	archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1171:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	2	51	theme	halophilic	115:124	arg1	strains					135:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	51	theme	halophilic	115:124	arg1	E					147:147	62 E	144:147	62 E(T)	144:150	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	51	theme	halophilic	115:124	arg1	A					160:160	197 A	156:160	197 A	156:160	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	7	52	theme	other	827:831	arg1	species					833:839	other species	827:839	other species of the genus Halococcus	827:863	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	53	theme	Halococcus	646:655	arg1	T					682:682	T	682:682	T	682:682	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	53	theme	Halococcus	646:655	arg1	8878					677:680	Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878	646:680	Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	646:683	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	53	theme	Halococcus	646:655	arg1	relative					633:640	The closest relative	621:640	The closest relative	621:640	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	54	with	8878	677:680	arg1	similarity					696:705	99.7% similarity	690:705	99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	690:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	9	55	theme	H.	1086:1087	arg1	T					1110:1110	T	1110:1110	T	1110:1110	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	55	theme	H.	1086:1087	arg1	9578					1105:1108	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578	1051:1108	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T)	1051:1111	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	10	56	theme	methyl	1248:1253	arg1	ester					1255:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	7	57	dep	Halococcus	646:655	arg1	saccharolyticus					657:671	saccharolyticus	657:671	saccharolyticus	657:671	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	9	58	theme	JCM	1101:1103	arg1	T					1110:1110	T	1110:1110	T	1110:1110	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	58	theme	JCM	1101:1103	arg1	9578					1105:1108	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578	1051:1108	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T)	1051:1111	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	5	59	dep	optimum	416:422	arg1	pH					425:426	pH 7.5	425:430	pH 7.5	425:430	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	10	60	theme	phosphatidylglycerol	1217:1236	arg1	ester					1255:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	6	61	theme	DNA-DNA	557:563	arg1	relatedness					565:575	DNA-DNA relatedness	557:575	DNA-DNA relatedness between them	557:588	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	5	62	theme	Strain	330:335	arg1	T					342:342	T	342:342	T	342:342	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	5	62	theme	Strain	330:335	arg1	E					340:340	Strain 62 E	330:340	Strain 62 E(T)	330:343	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	10	63	attach	derived	1262:1268	arg2	ester					1255:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester	1217:1259	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	63	attach	derived	1262:1268	arg1	archaeol					1298:1305	C20C25 archaeol	1291:1305	C20C25 archaeol	1291:1305	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	10	63	attach	derived	1262:1268	arg1	C20C20					1280:1285	C20C20	1280:1285	C20C20	1280:1285	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
25721723	8	64	theme	rpoB	904:907	arg1	tree					915:918	The rpoB' gene tree	900:918	The rpoB' gene tree	900:918	The rpoB' gene tree strongly supported that the two strains were members of the genus Halococcus .
25721723	9	65	dep	H.	1051:1052	arg1	T					1079:1079	T	1079:1079	T	1079:1079	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	65	dep	H.	1051:1052	arg1	8878					1074:1077	JCM 8878	1070:1077	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	1051:1080	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	65	dep	H.	1051:1052	arg1	saccharolyticus					1054:1068	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	1051:1080	H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T)	1051:1080	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	2	66	theme	salt	193:196	arg1	samples					198:204	commercial salt samples	182:204	commercial salt samples	182:204	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	7	67	theme	JCM	782:784	arg1	T					791:791	T	791:791	T	791:791	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	67	theme	JCM	782:784	arg1	9578					786:789	Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578	759:789	Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%)	759:800	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	67	theme	JCM	782:784	arg1	%					799:799	99.6%	795:799	99.6%	795:799	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	5	68	from	°C	446:447	arg1	able					349:352	able	349:352	able	349:352	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	8	69	theme	gene	910:913	arg1	tree					915:918	The rpoB' gene tree	900:918	The rpoB' gene tree	900:918	The rpoB' gene tree strongly supported that the two strains were members of the genus Halococcus .
25721723	7	70	theme	Halococcus	759:768	arg1	T					791:791	T	791:791	T	791:791	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	70	theme	Halococcus	759:768	arg1	9578					786:789	Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578	759:789	Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%)	759:800	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	70	theme	Halococcus	759:768	arg1	%					799:799	99.6%	795:799	99.6%	795:799	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	8	71	theme	genus	980:984	arg1	Halococcus					986:995	the genus Halococcus	976:995	the genus Halococcus	976:995	The rpoB' gene tree strongly supported that the two strains were members of the genus Halococcus .
25721723	6	72	theme	gene	480:483	arg1	identical					529:537	identical	529:537	identical	529:537	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	72	theme	gene	480:483	arg1	sequences					485:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences	467:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	467:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	5	73	dep	optimum	386:392	arg1	%					397:397	27%	395:397	27%	395:397	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	6	74	theme	16S	471:473	arg1	identical					529:537	identical	529:537	identical	529:537	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	74	theme	16S	471:473	arg1	sequences					485:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences	467:493	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	467:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	7	75	theme	orthologous	719:729	arg1	sequences					736:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	6	76	theme	197	518:520	arg1	A					522:522	197 A	518:522	197 A	518:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	6	76	theme	197	518:520	arg1	strains					498:504	strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	498:522	strains 62 E(T) and 197 A	498:522	The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 62 E(T) and 197 A were identical, and the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between them was 90 and 90% (reciprocally).
25721723	9	77	theme	Mean	999:1002	arg1	relatedness					1012:1022	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness	999:1022	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T)	999:1111	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	7	78	theme	16S	710:712	arg1	sequences					736:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences	710:744	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	14	79	theme	 = JCM	1618:1623	arg1	T					1645:1645	T	1645:1645	T	1645:1645	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	14	79	theme	 = JCM	1618:1623	arg1	4143					1640:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143	1618:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)	1618:1646	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	2	80	attach	isolated	168:175	arg1	samples					198:204	commercial salt samples	182:204	commercial salt samples	182:204	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	80	attach	isolated	168:175	arg2	E					147:147	62 E	144:147	62 E(T)	144:150	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	80	attach	isolated	168:175	arg2	A					160:160	197 A	156:160	197 A	156:160	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	2	80	attach	isolated	168:175	arg2	strains					135:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains	96:141	Two agar-degrading halophilic archaeal strains, 62 E(T) and 197 A, were isolated from commercial salt samples.
25721723	5	81	dep	%	372:372	arg1	w/v					375:377	w/v	375:377	w/v	375:377	Strain 62 E(T) was able to grow with 24-30% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 27%), at pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum, pH 7.5) and at 22-47 °C (optimum, 42 °C).
25721723	0	82	theme	agarilyticus	11:22	arg1	sp					24:25	Halococcus agarilyticus sp	0:25	Halococcus agarilyticus sp.	0:26	Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	12	83	theme	Halococcus	1544:1553	arg1	sp					1568:1569	the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp	1535:1569	the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp	1535:1569	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	9	84	theme	strain	1032:1037	arg1	T					1044:1044	T	1044:1044	T	1044:1044	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	9	84	theme	strain	1032:1037	arg1	E					1042:1042	strain 62 E	1032:1042	strain 62 E(T)	1032:1045	Mean DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 62 E(T) and H. saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) and H. salifodinae JCM 9578(T) was 46 and 44%, respectively.
25721723	12	85	theme	Halococcus	1512:1521	arg1	species					1491:1497	a novel species	1483:1497	a novel species	1483:1497	Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolates are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halococcus , for which the name Halococcus agarilyticus sp.
25721723	7	86	theme	99.7	690:693	arg1	%					694:694	%	694:694	%	694:694	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	7	87	theme	genus	848:852	arg1	Halococcus					854:863	the genus Halococcus	844:863	the genus Halococcus	844:863	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	14	88	theme	 =KCTC	1633:1638	arg1	T					1645:1645	T	1645:1645	T	1645:1645	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	14	88	theme	 =KCTC	1633:1638	arg1	4143					1640:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143	1618:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)	1618:1646	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	7	89	with	similarities	809:820	arg1	species					833:839	other species	827:839	other species of the genus Halococcus	827:863	The closest relative was Halococcus saccharolyticus JCM 8878(T) with 99.7% similarity in 16S rRNA orthologous gene sequences, followed by Halococcus salifodinae JCM 9578(T) (99.6%), while similarities with other species of the genus Halococcus were equal to or lower than 95.1%.
25721723	14	90	theme	T	1631:1631	arg1	T					1645:1645	T	1645:1645	T	1645:1645	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	14	90	theme	T	1631:1631	arg1	4143					1640:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143	1618:1643	 = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)	1618:1646	The type strain is 62 E(T) ( = JCM 19592(T) =KCTC 4143(T)).
25721723	11	91	theme	unidentified	1352:1363	arg1	glycolipids					1365:1375	Several unidentified glycolipids	1344:1375	Several unidentified glycolipids	1344:1375	Several unidentified glycolipids were present.
25721723	10	92	theme	diglycosyl	1321:1330	arg1	archaeol-1					1332:1341	sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1312:1341	sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1	1312:1341	The major polar lipids were archaeol derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, derived from both C20C20 and C20C25 archaeol, and sulfated diglycosyl archaeol-1.
24342711	10	0	theme	drug	2085:2088	arg1	drug					2085:2088	drug	2085:2088	drug	2085:2088	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	10	0	theme	drug	2085:2088	arg1	amount					2075:2080	the amount	2071:2080	the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine	2071:2136	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	10	1	theme	drug	2163:2166	arg1	exposure					2168:2175	systemic drug exposure	2154:2175	systemic drug exposure	2154:2175	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	3	2	from	media	671:675	arg1	rate					783:786	erosion rate	775:786	erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	775:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	2	from	media	671:675	arg1	effect					608:613	The effect	604:613	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from -	604:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	9	3	from	tablets	1906:1912	arg1	swelling					1832:1839	swelling	1832:1839	swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1832:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	3	from	tablets	1906:1912	arg1	tablets					1823:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	3	from	tablets	1906:1912	arg1	release					1888:1894	caffeine release	1879:1894	caffeine release from both tablets	1879:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	0	4	theme	release	168:174	arg1	comparison					123:132	comparison	123:132	comparison	123:132	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	4	theme	release	168:174	arg1	study					150:154	mechanistic study	138:154	mechanistic study	138:154	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	1	5	theme	viscosity	410:418	arg1	grades					420:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	5	6	theme	dip	1100:1102	arg1	speed					1104:1108	dip speed	1100:1108	dip speed	1100:1108	Altering dip speed has negligible effect on release and erosion rates.
24342711	9	7	theme	tablet	1746:1751	arg1	permeation					1759:1768	tablet water permeation	1746:1768	tablet water permeation	1746:1768	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	0	8	from	study	150:154	arg1	media					194:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	9	theme	fed	179:181	arg1	media					194:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	10	dep	media	671:675	arg1	dips					688:691	10 and 15 dips	678:691	10 and 15 dips per minute	678:702	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	6	11	theme	viscosity	1263:1271	arg1	tablets					1273:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets	1239:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1239:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	0	12	theme	fasted	187:192	arg1	media					194:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	10	13	theme	systemic	2154:2161	arg1	exposure					2168:2175	systemic drug exposure	2154:2175	systemic drug exposure	2154:2175	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	9	14	theme	erosion	1787:1793	arg1	rate					1795:1798	erosion rate	1787:1798	erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets	1787:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	10	15	theme	small	2122:2126	arg1	intestine					2128:2136	the small intestine	2118:2136	the small intestine	2118:2136	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	10	16	theme	observed	1920:1927	arg1	interaction					1929:1939	This observed interaction	1915:1939	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets	1915:1983	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	9	17	from	rate	1795:1798	arg1	swelling					1832:1839	swelling	1832:1839	swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1832:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	17	from	rate	1795:1798	arg1	tablets					1823:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	17	from	rate	1795:1798	arg1	release					1888:1894	caffeine release	1879:1894	caffeine release from both tablets	1879:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	4	18	theme	FDA	1003:1005	arg1	meal					1016:1019	the FDA standard meal	999:1019	the FDA standard meal	999:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	10	19	from	rate	2027:2030	arg1	stomach					2043:2049	the fed stomach	2035:2049	the fed stomach	2035:2049	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	6	20	theme	caffeine	1217:1224	arg1	release					1226:1232	caffeine release	1217:1232	caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1217:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	1	21	theme	release	361:367	arg1	tablets					376:382	three controlled release matrix tablets	344:382	three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	344:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	2	22	theme	gastro-intestinal	562:578	arg1	conditions					592:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	6	23	theme	water	1192:1196	arg1	media					1175:1179	fasted media	1168:1179	fasted media instead of water	1168:1196	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	0	24	theme	mechanistic	138:148	arg1	study					150:154	mechanistic study	138:154	mechanistic study	138:154	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	7	25	theme	s	1462:1462	arg1	tablets					1474:1480	the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1450:1480	the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1450:1480	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	9	26	theme	viscosity	1813:1821	arg1	swelling					1832:1839	swelling	1832:1839	swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1832:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	26	theme	viscosity	1813:1821	arg1	tablets					1823:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	26	theme	viscosity	1813:1821	arg1	release					1888:1894	caffeine release	1879:1894	caffeine release from both tablets	1879:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	3	27	theme	caffeine	742:749	arg1	rate					759:762	caffeine release rate	742:762	caffeine release rate from -	742:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	1	28	theme	different	395:403	arg1	grades					420:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	3	29	theme	reciprocation	625:637	arg1	rate					639:642	tablet reciprocation rate	618:642	tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted)	618:737	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	29	theme	reciprocation	625:637	arg1	speed					649:653	dip speed	645:653	dip speed	645:653	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	30	theme	erosion	775:781	arg1	rate					783:786	erosion rate	775:786	erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	775:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	2	31	theme	USP	485:487	arg1	apparatus					503:511	the USP 3 dissolution apparatus	481:511	the USP 3 dissolution apparatus	481:511	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	10	32	theme	release	2019:2025	arg1	rate					2027:2030	decreased drug release rate	2004:2030	decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration	2004:2208	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	4	33	theme	tablet	1051:1056	arg1	swelling					1058:1065	tablet swelling	1051:1065	tablet swelling	1051:1065	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	5	34	theme	erosion	1147:1153	arg1	rates					1155:1159	erosion rates	1147:1159	erosion rates	1147:1159	Altering dip speed has negligible effect on release and erosion rates.
24342711	0	35	theme	different	57:65	arg1	tablets					114:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	1	36	theme	fed	312:314	arg1	media					333:337	fed and fasted state media	312:337	fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	312:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	6	37	from	rates	1300:1304	arg1	release					1226:1232	caffeine release	1217:1232	caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1217:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	8	38	theme	HPMC	1658:1661	arg1	tablets					1663:1669	HPMC tablets	1658:1669	HPMC tablets	1658:1669	The investigation using texture analysis indicates that Ensure Plus(®) becomes rate-limiting for caffeine release from HPMC tablets by forming a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets.
24342711	3	39	theme	100	793:795	arg1	s					818:818	100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	793:818	s	818:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	9	40	theme	mPa	1851:1853	arg1	tablets					1867:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	0	41	theme	based	80:84	arg1	tablets					114:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	1	42	theme	fasted	320:325	arg1	media					333:337	fed and fasted state media	312:337	fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	312:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	0	43	theme	dissolution	227:237	arg1	apparatus					239:247	the USP dissolution apparatus 3	219:249	the USP dissolution apparatus 3	219:249	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	44	theme	s	818:818	arg1	rate					783:786	erosion rate	775:786	erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	775:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	44	theme	s	818:818	arg1	effect					608:613	The effect	604:613	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from -	604:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	7	45	theme	food	1423:1426	arg1	effect					1428:1433	the food effect	1419:1433	the food effect	1419:1433	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	7	45	theme	food	1423:1426	arg1	greater					1438:1444	greater	1438:1444	greater	1438:1444	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	2	46	theme	dissolution	491:501	arg1	apparatus					503:511	the USP 3 dissolution apparatus	481:511	the USP 3 dissolution apparatus	481:511	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	9	47	theme	viscosity	1857:1865	arg1	tablets					1867:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	48	theme	mPa	1807:1809	arg1	swelling					1832:1839	swelling	1832:1839	swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1832:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	48	theme	mPa	1807:1809	arg1	tablets					1823:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	48	theme	mPa	1807:1809	arg1	release					1888:1894	caffeine release	1879:1894	caffeine release from both tablets	1879:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	10	49	dep	decrease	2062:2069	arg1	reduce					2147:2152	reduce	2147:2152	reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration	2147:2208	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	0	50	theme	controlled	95:104	arg1	tablets					114:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	51	theme	15,000	807:812	arg1	s					818:818	100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	793:818	s	818:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	10	52	theme	plasma	2189:2194	arg1	concentration					2196:2208	maximum plasma concentration	2181:2208	maximum plasma concentration	2181:2208	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	7	53	theme	mPa	1514:1516	arg1	tablets					1530:1536	the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1494:1536	the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1494:1536	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	0	54	theme	fed	20:22	arg1	media					32:36	fed gastric media	20:36	fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®)	20:51	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	54	theme	fed	20:22	arg1	Plus®					46:50	Ensure Plus®	39:50	Ensure Plus®	39:50	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	4	55	from	Plus	946:949	arg1	mechanism					915:923	the mechanism	911:923	the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal,	911:1020	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	3	56	theme	viscosity	825:833	arg1	tablets					835:841	HPMC viscosity tablets	820:841	HPMC viscosity tablets	820:841	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	2	57	theme	dissolution	453:463	arg1	methods					465:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods	428:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods	428:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	0	58	from	release	168:174	arg1	media					194:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	59	from	-	769:769	arg1	rate					759:762	caffeine release rate	742:762	caffeine release rate from -	742:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	1	60	contain	containing	384:393	arg2	grades					420:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	1	60	contain	containing	384:393	arg1	tablets					376:382	three controlled release matrix tablets	344:382	three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	344:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	6	61	theme	erosion	1292:1298	arg1	rates					1300:1304	erosion rates	1292:1304	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1239:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	7	62	theme	release	1401:1407	arg1	rate					1409:1412	caffeine release rate	1392:1412	caffeine release rate	1392:1412	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	3	63	theme	designed	876:883	arg1	experiments					885:895	factorial designed experiments	866:895	factorial designed experiments	866:895	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	2	64	theme	in	444:445	arg1	methods					465:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods	428:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods	428:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	9	65	from	release	1888:1894	arg1	tablets					1867:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	4	66	theme	similar	973:979	arg1	Plus					946:949	Ensure Plus	939:949	Ensure Plus(®)	939:952	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	66	theme	similar	973:979	arg1	drink					967:971	a nutrition drink	955:971	a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal	955:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	10	67	from	absorption	2104:2113	arg1	intestine					2128:2136	the small intestine	2118:2136	the small intestine	2118:2136	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	5	68	theme	negligible	1114:1123	arg1	effect					1125:1130	negligible effect	1114:1130	negligible effect	1114:1130	Altering dip speed has negligible effect on release and erosion rates.
24342711	7	69	theme	fasted	1369:1374	arg1	media					1376:1380	fasted media	1369:1380	fasted media	1369:1380	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	10	70	dep	Plus	1956:1959	arg1	Ensure					1949:1954	Ensure	1949:1954	Ensure	1949:1954	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	0	71	from	comparison	123:132	arg1	media					194:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	fed and fasted media	179:198	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	72	dep	Interaction	0:10	arg1	comparison					123:132	comparison	123:132	comparison	123:132	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	72	dep	Interaction	0:10	arg1	study					150:154	mechanistic study	138:154	mechanistic study	138:154	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	72	dep	Interaction	0:10	arg1	water					207:211	water	207:211	water	207:211	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	1	73	from	tablets	376:382	arg1	release					301:307	caffeine release	292:307	caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	292:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	1	73	from	tablets	376:382	arg1	media					333:337	fed and fasted state media	312:337	fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	312:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	4	74	theme	nutrition	957:965	arg1	Plus					946:949	Ensure Plus	939:949	Ensure Plus(®)	939:952	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	74	theme	nutrition	957:965	arg1	drink					967:971	a nutrition drink	955:971	a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal	955:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	3	75	from	rate	639:642	arg1	media					709:713	media	709:713	media (water, fed and fasted)	709:737	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	75	from	rate	639:642	arg1	media					671:675	dissolution media	659:675	dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute)	659:703	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	6	76	theme	fasted	1168:1173	arg1	media					1175:1179	fasted media	1168:1179	fasted media instead of water	1168:1196	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	6	77	theme	s	1324:1324	arg1	tablets					1326:1332	15,000 mPa s tablets	1313:1332	15,000 mPa s tablets	1313:1332	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	2	78	theme	dissolution	580:590	arg1	conditions					592:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	9	79	theme	water	1753:1757	arg1	permeation					1759:1768	tablet water permeation	1746:1768	tablet water permeation	1746:1768	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	2	80	theme	biorelevant	432:442	arg1	methods					465:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods	428:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods	428:471	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	6	81	theme	HPMC	1258:1261	arg1	tablets					1273:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets	1239:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1239:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	4	82	dep	Plus	946:949	arg1	Ensure					939:944	Ensure	939:944	Ensure	939:944	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	8	83	theme	texture	1563:1569	arg1	analysis					1571:1578	texture analysis	1563:1578	texture analysis	1563:1578	The investigation using texture analysis indicates that Ensure Plus(®) becomes rate-limiting for caffeine release from HPMC tablets by forming a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets.
24342711	10	84	theme	available	2090:2098	arg1	drug					2085:2088	drug	2085:2088	drug	2085:2088	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	10	84	theme	available	2090:2098	arg1	amount					2075:2080	the amount	2071:2080	the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine	2071:2136	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	3	85	from	rate	783:786	arg1	media					709:713	media	709:713	media (water, fed and fasted)	709:737	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	85	from	rate	783:786	arg1	rate					759:762	caffeine release rate	742:762	caffeine release rate from -	742:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	85	from	rate	783:786	arg1	media					671:675	dissolution media	659:675	dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute)	659:703	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	10	86	theme	HPMC	1972:1975	arg1	tablets					1977:1983	the HPMC tablets	1968:1983	the HPMC tablets	1968:1983	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	3	87	dep	effect	608:613	arg1	tablets					835:841	HPMC viscosity tablets	820:841	HPMC viscosity tablets	820:841	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	4	88	theme	standard	1007:1014	arg1	meal					1016:1019	the FDA standard meal	999:1019	the FDA standard meal	999:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	1	89	theme	controlled	350:359	arg1	tablets					376:382	three controlled release matrix tablets	344:382	three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	344:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	7	90	theme	viscosity	1464:1472	arg1	tablets					1474:1480	the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1450:1480	the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1450:1480	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	2	91	theme	biorelevant	517:527	arg1	media					529:533	biorelevant media	517:533	biorelevant media	517:533	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	4	92	theme	texture	1073:1079	arg1	analysis					1081:1088	texture analysis	1073:1088	texture analysis	1073:1088	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	1	93	theme	caffeine	292:299	arg1	release					301:307	caffeine release	292:307	caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	292:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	6	94	theme	s	1256:1256	arg1	tablets					1273:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets	1239:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1239:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	1	95	theme	matrix	369:374	arg1	tablets					376:382	three controlled release matrix tablets	344:382	three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	344:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	4	96	from	composition	984:994	arg1	similar					973:979	similar	973:979	similar	973:979	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	6	97	from	tablets	1273:1279	arg1	release					1226:1232	caffeine release	1217:1232	caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1217:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	7	98	theme	mPa	1458:1460	arg1	tablets					1474:1480	the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1450:1480	the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1450:1480	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	2	99	theme	fasted	555:560	arg1	conditions					592:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	9	100	theme	s	1811:1811	arg1	swelling					1832:1839	swelling	1832:1839	swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1832:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	100	theme	s	1811:1811	arg1	tablets					1823:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	100	theme	s	1811:1811	arg1	release					1888:1894	caffeine release	1879:1894	caffeine release from both tablets	1879:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	8	101	from	tablets	1663:1669	arg1	release					1645:1651	caffeine release	1636:1651	caffeine release from HPMC tablets	1636:1669	The investigation using texture analysis indicates that Ensure Plus(®) becomes rate-limiting for caffeine release from HPMC tablets by forming a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets.
24342711	0	102	theme	caffeine	159:166	arg1	release					168:174	caffeine release	159:174	caffeine release in fed and fasted media	159:198	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	103	theme	tablet	618:623	arg1	rate					639:642	tablet reciprocation rate	618:642	tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted)	618:737	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	103	theme	tablet	618:623	arg1	speed					649:653	dip speed	645:653	dip speed	645:653	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	10	104	theme	fed	2039:2041	arg1	stomach					2043:2049	the fed stomach	2035:2049	the fed stomach	2035:2049	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	4	105	from	similar	973:979	arg1	composition					984:994	composition	984:994	composition to the FDA standard meal	984:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	2	106	theme	fed	547:549	arg1	conditions					592:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions	547:601	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	3	107	theme	release	751:757	arg1	rate					759:762	caffeine release rate	742:762	caffeine release rate from -	742:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	1	108	theme	HPMC	405:408	arg1	grades					420:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	different HPMC viscosity grades	395:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	10	109	theme	maximum	2181:2187	arg1	concentration					2196:2208	maximum plasma concentration	2181:2208	maximum plasma concentration	2181:2208	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	10	110	theme	drug	2014:2017	arg1	rate					2027:2030	decreased drug release rate	2004:2030	decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration	2004:2208	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	6	111	theme	mPa	1252:1254	arg1	tablets					1273:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets	1239:1279	100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates	1239:1304	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	0	112	theme	hypromellose	67:78	arg1	tablets					114:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	113	dep	media	709:713	arg1	water					716:720	water	716:720	water	716:720	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	2	114	dep	in	444:445	arg1	vitro					447:451	vitro	447:451	vitro	447:451	The biorelevant in vitro dissolution methods utilize the USP 3 dissolution apparatus and biorelevant media to simulate fed and fasted gastro-intestinal dissolution conditions.
24342711	8	115	theme	caffeine	1636:1643	arg1	release					1645:1651	caffeine release	1636:1651	caffeine release from HPMC tablets	1636:1669	The investigation using texture analysis indicates that Ensure Plus(®) becomes rate-limiting for caffeine release from HPMC tablets by forming a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets.
24342711	8	116	dep	Plus	1602:1605	arg1	Ensure					1595:1600	Ensure	1595:1600	Ensure	1595:1600	The investigation using texture analysis indicates that Ensure Plus(®) becomes rate-limiting for caffeine release from HPMC tablets by forming a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets.
24342711	0	117	theme	caffeine	86:93	arg1	tablets					114:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	118	dep	water	716:720	arg1	fed					723:725	fed	723:725	fed	723:725	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	118	dep	water	716:720	arg1	fasted					731:736	fasted	731:736	fasted	731:736	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	9	119	theme	s	1855:1855	arg1	tablets					1867:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	3	120	from	effect	608:613	arg1	media					709:713	media	709:713	media (water, fed and fasted)	709:737	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	120	from	effect	608:613	arg1	rate					759:762	caffeine release rate	742:762	caffeine release rate from -	742:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	120	from	effect	608:613	arg1	media					671:675	dissolution media	659:675	dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute)	659:703	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	0	121	theme	release	106:112	arg1	tablets					114:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets	57:120	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	1	122	theme	state	327:331	arg1	media					333:337	fed and fasted state media	312:337	fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	312:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	0	123	theme	USP	223:225	arg1	apparatus					239:247	the USP dissolution apparatus 3	219:249	the USP dissolution apparatus 3	219:249	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	124	theme	HPMC	820:823	arg1	tablets					835:841	HPMC viscosity tablets	820:841	HPMC viscosity tablets	820:841	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	9	125	from	swelling	1832:1839	arg1	tablets					1867:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1844:1873	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	3	126	from	media	709:713	arg1	rate					783:786	erosion rate	775:786	erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	775:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	126	from	media	709:713	arg1	effect					608:613	The effect	604:613	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from -	604:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	6	127	theme	mPa	1320:1322	arg1	tablets					1326:1332	15,000 mPa s tablets	1313:1332	15,000 mPa s tablets	1313:1332	Using fasted media instead of water slightly decreases caffeine release from 100 and 4000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets as well as erosion rates, while 15,000 mPa s tablets remain unaffected.
24342711	3	128	theme	mPa	814:816	arg1	s					818:818	100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	793:818	s	818:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	10	129	theme	decreased	2004:2012	arg1	rate					2027:2030	decreased drug release rate	2004:2030	decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration	2004:2208	This observed interaction between Ensure Plus(®) and the HPMC tablets may translate into decreased drug release rate in the fed stomach, which may decrease the amount of drug available for absorption in the small intestine and thus reduce systemic drug exposure and maximum plasma concentration.
24342711	9	130	theme	caffeine	1879:1886	arg1	tablets					1823:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	100 mPa s viscosity tablets	1803:1829	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	9	130	theme	caffeine	1879:1886	arg1	release					1888:1894	caffeine release	1879:1894	caffeine release from both tablets	1879:1912	The barrier decreases tablet water permeation, which decreases erosion rate in 100 mPa s viscosity tablets, swelling in 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets and caffeine release from both tablets.
24342711	0	131	theme	gastric	24:30	arg1	media					32:36	fed gastric media	20:36	fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®)	20:51	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	131	theme	gastric	24:30	arg1	Plus®					46:50	Ensure Plus®	39:50	Ensure Plus®	39:50	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	8	132	theme	hydrophobic	1684:1694	arg1	barrier					1696:1702	a hydrophobic barrier	1682:1702	a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets	1682:1721	The investigation using texture analysis indicates that Ensure Plus(®) becomes rate-limiting for caffeine release from HPMC tablets by forming a hydrophobic barrier around the tablets.
24342711	7	133	theme	s	1518:1518	arg1	tablets					1530:1536	the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1494:1536	the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1494:1536	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	3	134	theme	dip	645:647	arg1	rate					639:642	tablet reciprocation rate	618:642	tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted)	618:737	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	134	theme	dip	645:647	arg1	speed					649:653	dip speed	645:653	dip speed	645:653	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	1	135	theme	study	267:271	arg1	aim					256:258	The aim	252:258	The aim of the study	252:271	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	0	136	dep	Plus®	46:50	arg1	Ensure					39:44	Ensure	39:44	Ensure	39:44	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	137	theme	rate	639:642	arg1	rate					783:786	erosion rate	775:786	erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s	775:818	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	3	137	theme	rate	639:642	arg1	effect					608:613	The effect	604:613	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from -	604:769	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	1	138	from	release	301:307	arg1	media					333:337	fed and fasted state media	312:337	fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	312:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	1	138	from	release	301:307	arg1	tablets					376:382	three controlled release matrix tablets	344:382	three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades	344:425	The aim of the study was to investigate caffeine release in fed and fasted state media from three controlled release matrix tablets containing different HPMC viscosity grades.
24342711	4	139	from	release	928:934	arg1	Plus					946:949	Ensure Plus	939:949	Ensure Plus(®)	939:952	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	139	from	release	928:934	arg1	drink					967:971	a nutrition drink	955:971	a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal	955:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	139	from	release	928:934	arg1	®					951:951	®	951:951	®	951:951	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	140	theme	release	928:934	arg1	mechanism					915:923	the mechanism	911:923	the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal,	911:1020	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	0	141	from	media	194:198	arg1	comparison					123:132	comparison	123:132	comparison	123:132	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	0	141	from	media	194:198	arg1	study					150:154	mechanistic study	138:154	mechanistic study	138:154	Interaction between fed gastric media (Ensure Plus®) and different hypromellose based caffeine controlled release tablets: comparison and mechanistic study of caffeine release in fed and fasted media versus water using the USP dissolution apparatus 3.
24342711	3	142	theme	dissolution	659:669	arg1	media					671:675	dissolution media	659:675	dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute)	659:703	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	4	143	from	mechanism	915:923	arg1	Plus					946:949	Ensure Plus	939:949	Ensure Plus(®)	939:952	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	143	from	mechanism	915:923	arg1	drink					967:971	a nutrition drink	955:971	a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal	955:1019	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	4	143	from	mechanism	915:923	arg1	®					951:951	®	951:951	®	951:951	Furthermore, the mechanism of release in Ensure Plus(®), a nutrition drink similar in composition to the FDA standard meal, was investigated by studying tablet swelling using texture analysis.
24342711	7	144	theme	caffeine	1392:1399	arg1	rate					1409:1412	caffeine release rate	1392:1412	caffeine release rate	1392:1412	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
24342711	3	145	theme	factorial	866:874	arg1	experiments					885:895	factorial designed experiments	866:895	factorial designed experiments	866:895	The effect of tablet reciprocation rate (dip speed) in dissolution media (10 and 15 dips per minute) and media (water, fed and fasted) on caffeine release rate from - and erosion rate of - 100, 4000 and 15,000 mPa s HPMC viscosity tablets was investigated using factorial designed experiments.
24342711	7	146	theme	viscosity	1520:1528	arg1	tablets					1530:1536	the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1494:1536	the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets	1494:1536	Fed compared to fasted media decreases caffeine release rate, and the food effect is greater for the 100 mPa s viscosity tablets compared to the 4000 and 15,000 mPa s viscosity tablets.
28846464	11	0	theme	future	1684:1689	arg1	work					1691:1694	future work	1684:1694	future work	1684:1694	Although future work is needed to further incorporate other enamel matrix proteins into the system, this study brings us one step closer to biomimetic enamel regrowth.
28846464	8	1	theme	CS-AMEL	1339:1345	arg1	hydrogel					1347:1354	CS-AMEL hydrogel	1339:1354	CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20	1339:1369	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel showed more uniform orientation and greater crystallinity than the samples treated with CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20.
28846464	9	2	theme	CS-AMEL	1423:1429	arg1	hydrogel					1431:1438	the CS-AMEL hydrogel	1419:1438	the CS-AMEL hydrogel	1419:1438	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	5	3	theme	Recombinant	771:781	arg1	MMP-20					789:794	Recombinant human MMP-20	771:794	Recombinant human MMP-20	771:794	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	11	4	theme	other	1729:1733	arg1	proteins					1749:1756	other enamel matrix proteins	1729:1756	other enamel matrix proteins	1729:1756	Although future work is needed to further incorporate other enamel matrix proteins into the system, this study brings us one step closer to biomimetic enamel regrowth.
28846464	3	5	theme	matrix	499:504	arg1	MMP-20					528:533	MMP-20	528:533	MMP-20	528:533	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	3	5	theme	matrix	499:504	arg1	metalloproteinase-20					506:525	matrix metalloproteinase-20	499:525	matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20)	499:534	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	9	6	from	processing	1381:1390	arg1	hydrogel					1431:1438	the CS-AMEL hydrogel	1419:1438	the CS-AMEL hydrogel	1419:1438	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	6	7	dep	morphology	992:1001	arg1	the					988:990	the	988:990	the	988:990	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	5	8	theme	crystals	896:903	arg1	growth					874:879	the growth	870:879	the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface	870:931	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	10	9	dep	modulus	1536:1542	arg1	the					1532:1534	the	1532:1534	the	1532:1534	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	1	10	theme	artificial	86:95	arg1	enamel					97:102	artificial enamel	86:102	artificial enamel	86:102	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	2	11	contain	has	347:349	arg1	layer					336:340	an enamel-like layer	321:340	an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces	321:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	2	11	contain	has	347:349	arg2	interface					362:370	a seamless interface	351:370	a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces	351:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	1	12	theme	Biomimetic	62:71	arg1	synthesis					73:81	Biomimetic synthesis	62:81	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel	62:102	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	1	12	theme	Biomimetic	62:71	arg1	strategy					119:126	a promising strategy	107:126	a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel	107:181	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	10	13	theme	MMP-20-CS-AMEL	1650:1663	arg1	hydrogel					1665:1672	the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel	1646:1672	the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel	1646:1672	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	2	14	theme	calcium	279:285	arg1	phosphate					287:295	calcium phosphate	279:295	calcium phosphate	279:295	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	4	15	theme	CS-AMEL	715:721	arg1	hydrogel					723:730	CS-AMEL hydrogel	715:730	CS-AMEL hydrogel	715:730	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	3	16	theme	enamel	482:487	arg1	regrowth					489:496	the biomimetic enamel regrowth	467:496	the biomimetic enamel regrowth	467:496	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	10	17	dep	1.8-	1610:1613	arg1	respectively					1629:1640	respectively	1629:1640	respectively	1629:1640	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	8	18	theme	greater	1287:1293	arg1	crystallinity					1295:1307	greater crystallinity	1287:1307	greater crystallinity	1287:1307	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel showed more uniform orientation and greater crystallinity than the samples treated with CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20.
28846464	6	19	theme	layer	1062:1066	arg1	morphology					992:1001	morphology	992:1001	morphology	992:1001	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	6	19	theme	layer	1062:1066	arg1	properties					1032:1041	mechanical properties	1021:1041	mechanical properties	1021:1041	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	6	19	theme	layer	1062:1066	arg1	composition					1004:1014	composition	1004:1014	composition	1004:1014	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	1	20	theme	defective	166:174	arg1	enamel					176:181	defective enamel	166:181	defective enamel	166:181	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	9	21	theme	undesirable	1450:1460	arg1	occlusion					1470:1478	undesirable protein occlusion	1450:1478	undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals	1450:1511	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	5	22	theme	human	783:787	arg1	MMP-20					789:794	Recombinant human MMP-20	771:794	Recombinant human MMP-20	771:794	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	4	23	theme	recent	594:599	arg1	finding					601:607	our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	590:669	our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	590:669	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	2	24	theme	tooth	385:389	arg1	surfaces					391:398	natural tooth surfaces	377:398	natural tooth surfaces	377:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	7	25	theme	chitosan	1165:1172	arg1	presence					1153:1160	the presence	1149:1160	the presence of chitosan	1149:1172	We found that amelogenin was gradually degraded by MMP-20 in the presence of chitosan.
28846464	6	26	theme	amelogenin	960:969	arg1	proteolysis					945:955	The MMP-20 proteolysis	934:955	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin	934:969	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	4	27	theme	enamel	655:660	arg1	crystals					662:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	3	28	theme	CS-AMEL	560:566	arg1	hydrogel					568:575	the CS-AMEL hydrogel	556:575	the CS-AMEL hydrogel	556:575	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	2	29	theme	natural	377:383	arg1	surfaces					391:398	natural tooth surfaces	377:398	natural tooth surfaces	377:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	8	30	theme	MMP-20-CS-AMEL	1227:1240	arg1	hydrogel					1242:1249	MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel	1227:1249	MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel	1227:1249	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel showed more uniform orientation and greater crystallinity than the samples treated with CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20.
28846464	1	31	theme	enamel	97:102	arg1	synthesis					73:81	Biomimetic synthesis	62:81	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel	62:102	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	1	31	theme	enamel	97:102	arg1	strategy					119:126	a promising strategy	107:126	a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel	107:181	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	6	32	theme	grown	1056:1060	arg1	layer					1062:1066	the newly grown layer	1046:1066	the newly grown layer	1046:1066	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	0	33	theme	MMP-20	16:21	arg1	Presence					4:11	The Presence	0:11	The Presence of MMP-20	0:21	The Presence of MMP-20 Reinforces Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth.
28846464	5	34	theme	etched	911:916	arg1	surface					925:931	an etched enamel surface	908:931	an etched enamel surface	908:931	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	1	35	dep	prevention	136:145	arg1	the					132:134	the	132:134	the	132:134	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	4	36	theme	protein	630:636	arg1	crystals					662:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	8	37	theme	grown	1185:1189	arg1	crystals					1191:1198	The newly grown crystals	1175:1198	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel	1175:1249	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel showed more uniform orientation and greater crystallinity than the samples treated with CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20.
28846464	9	38	theme	formed	1497:1502	arg1	crystals					1504:1511	the newly formed crystals	1487:1511	the newly formed crystals	1487:1511	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	0	39	theme	Biomimetic	34:43	arg1	Regrowth					52:59	Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth	34:59	Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth	34:59	The Presence of MMP-20 Reinforces Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth.
28846464	5	40	theme	enamel	918:923	arg1	surface					925:931	an etched enamel surface	908:931	an etched enamel surface	908:931	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	10	41	dep	increased	1599:1607	arg1	2.4-fold					1619:1626	2.4-fold	1619:1626	2.4-fold	1619:1626	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	10	41	dep	increased	1599:1607	arg1	1.8-					1610:1613	1.8-	1610:1613	1.8-	1610:1613	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	5	42	theme	full-length	840:850	arg1	amelogenin					852:861	full-length amelogenin	840:861	full-length amelogenin	840:861	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	4	43	theme	inside	648:653	arg1	crystals					662:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	3	44	theme	mechanical	422:431	arg1	system					433:438	the mechanical system	418:438	the mechanical system function	418:447	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	9	45	theme	Stepwise	1372:1379	arg1	processing					1381:1390	Stepwise processing	1372:1390	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel	1372:1438	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	4	46	theme	grown	758:762	arg1	layer					764:768	the newly grown layer	748:768	the newly grown layer	748:768	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	5	47	theme	CS-AMEL	813:819	arg1	hydrogel					821:828	the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface	809:931	the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface	809:931	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	4	48	theme	occlusion	638:646	arg1	crystals					662:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	protein occlusion inside enamel crystals	630:669	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	2	49	theme	hydrogel	217:224	arg1	system					226:231	a hydrogel system	215:231	a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate	215:295	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	2	49	theme	hydrogel	217:224	arg1	effective					300:308	effective	300:308	effective	300:308	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	9	50	theme	protein	1462:1468	arg1	occlusion					1470:1478	undesirable protein occlusion	1450:1478	undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals	1450:1511	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	1	51	theme	promising	109:117	arg1	synthesis					73:81	Biomimetic synthesis	62:81	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel	62:102	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	1	51	theme	promising	109:117	arg1	strategy					119:126	a promising strategy	107:126	a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel	107:181	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	0	52	theme	Enamel	45:50	arg1	Regrowth					52:59	Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth	34:59	Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth	34:59	The Presence of MMP-20 Reinforces Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth.
28846464	6	53	theme	MMP-20	938:943	arg1	proteolysis					945:955	The MMP-20 proteolysis	934:955	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin	934:969	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	11	54	theme	matrix	1742:1747	arg1	proteins					1749:1756	other enamel matrix proteins	1729:1756	other enamel matrix proteins	1729:1756	Although future work is needed to further incorporate other enamel matrix proteins into the system, this study brings us one step closer to biomimetic enamel regrowth.
28846464	10	55	theme	enamel	1573:1578	arg1	result					1519:1524	a result	1517:1524	a result	1517:1524	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	10	55	theme	enamel	1573:1578	arg1	hardness					1548:1555	hardness	1548:1555	hardness	1548:1555	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	10	55	theme	enamel	1573:1578	arg1	modulus					1536:1542	modulus	1536:1542	modulus	1536:1542	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	4	56	theme	MMP-20	705:710	arg1	addition					693:700	addition	693:700	addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel	693:730	Inspired by our recent finding that MMP-20 prevents protein occlusion inside enamel crystals, we hypothesized that addition of MMP-20 to CS-AMEL hydrogel could reinforce the newly grown layer.
28846464	9	57	theme	amelogenin	1395:1404	arg1	processing					1381:1390	Stepwise processing	1372:1390	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel	1372:1438	Stepwise processing of amelogenin by MMP-20 in the CS-AMEL hydrogel prevented undesirable protein occlusion within the newly formed crystals.
28846464	2	58	theme	enamel-like	324:334	arg1	layer					336:340	an enamel-like layer	321:340	an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces	321:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	6	59	theme	mechanical	1021:1030	arg1	properties					1032:1041	mechanical properties	1021:1041	mechanical properties	1021:1041	The MMP-20 proteolysis of amelogenin was studied, and the morphology, composition, and mechanical properties of the newly grown layer were characterized.
28846464	2	60	with	interface	362:370	arg1	surfaces					391:398	natural tooth surfaces	377:398	natural tooth surfaces	377:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28846464	5	61	from	growth	874:879	arg1	surface					925:931	an etched enamel surface	908:931	an etched enamel surface	908:931	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	3	62	theme	biomimetic	471:480	arg1	regrowth					489:496	the biomimetic enamel regrowth	467:496	the biomimetic enamel regrowth	467:496	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	11	63	theme	biomimetic	1815:1824	arg1	regrowth					1833:1840	biomimetic enamel regrowth	1815:1840	biomimetic enamel regrowth	1815:1840	Although future work is needed to further incorporate other enamel matrix proteins into the system, this study brings us one step closer to biomimetic enamel regrowth.
28846464	3	64	theme	system	433:438	arg1	function					440:447	the mechanical system function	418:447	the mechanical system function	418:447	Here, to improve the mechanical system function and to facilitate the biomimetic enamel regrowth, matrix metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) was introduced into the CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	10	65	theme	repaired	1564:1571	arg1	enamel					1573:1578	the repaired enamel	1560:1578	the repaired enamel	1560:1578	As a result, both the modulus and hardness of the repaired enamel were significantly increased (1.8- and 2.4-fold, respectively) by the MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel.
28846464	11	66	theme	enamel	1735:1740	arg1	proteins					1749:1756	other enamel matrix proteins	1729:1756	other enamel matrix proteins	1729:1756	Although future work is needed to further incorporate other enamel matrix proteins into the system, this study brings us one step closer to biomimetic enamel regrowth.
28846464	8	67	theme	uniform	1263:1269	arg1	orientation					1271:1281	more uniform orientation	1258:1281	more uniform orientation	1258:1281	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel showed more uniform orientation and greater crystallinity than the samples treated with CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20.
28846464	5	68	theme	enamel-like	884:894	arg1	crystals					896:903	enamel-like crystals	884:903	enamel-like crystals	884:903	Recombinant human MMP-20 was added to the CS-AMEL hydrogel to cleave full-length amelogenin during the growth of enamel-like crystals on an etched enamel surface.
28846464	1	69	theme	enamel	176:181	arg1	restoration					151:161	restoration	151:161	restoration	151:161	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	1	69	theme	enamel	176:181	arg1	prevention					136:145	prevention	136:145	prevention	136:145	Biomimetic synthesis of artificial enamel is a promising strategy for the prevention and restoration of defective enamel.
28846464	11	70	theme	enamel	1826:1831	arg1	regrowth					1833:1840	biomimetic enamel regrowth	1815:1840	biomimetic enamel regrowth	1815:1840	Although future work is needed to further incorporate other enamel matrix proteins into the system, this study brings us one step closer to biomimetic enamel regrowth.
28846464	8	71	from	crystals	1191:1198	arg1	sample					1207:1212	the sample	1203:1212	the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel	1203:1249	The newly grown crystals in the sample treated with MMP-20-CS-AMEL hydrogel showed more uniform orientation and greater crystallinity than the samples treated with CS-AMEL hydrogel without MMP-20.
28846464	2	72	theme	seamless	353:360	arg1	interface					362:370	a seamless interface	351:370	a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces	351:398	We have recently reported that a hydrogel system composed of chitosan-amelogenin (CS-AMEL) and calcium phosphate is effective in forming an enamel-like layer that has a seamless interface with natural tooth surfaces.
28505389	8	0	from	limitations	1354:1364	arg1	P					1375:1375	P	1375:1375	P	1375:1375	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	8	0	from	limitations	1354:1364	arg1	N					1369:1369	N	1369:1369	N	1369:1369	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	3	1	from	types	612:616	arg1	supply					565:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply	482:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	482:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	1	from	types	612:616	arg1	species					578:584	37 species	575:584	37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	575:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	2	2	theme	trait-trait	432:442	arg1	relationships					444:456	trait-trait relationships	432:456	trait-trait relationships	432:456	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	1	3	theme	field-based	313:323	arg1	studies					325:331	field-based studies	313:331	field-based studies	313:331	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	4	4	theme	Low	726:728	arg1	supply					732:737	Low P supply	726:737	Low P supply	726:737	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	5	theme	N	895:895	arg1	supply					897:902	low N supply	891:902	low N supply	891:902	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	6	theme	P	730:730	arg1	supply					732:737	Low P supply	726:737	Low P supply	726:737	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	0	7	theme	plant	104:108	arg1	types					121:125	six plant functional types	100:125	six plant functional types	100:125	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	3	8	theme	plant	595:599	arg1	PTFs					619:622	PTFs	619:622	PTFs	619:622	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	8	theme	plant	595:599	arg1	types					612:616	six plant functional types	591:616	six plant functional types (PTFs)	591:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	6	9	theme	nutrient	1058:1065	arg1	supply					1067:1072	nutrient supply	1058:1072	nutrient supply	1058:1072	Neither R : A nor light inhibition of leaf R was affected by nutrient supply.
28505389	8	10	theme	trait-trait	1397:1407	arg1	relationships					1409:1421	trait-trait relationships	1397:1421	trait-trait relationships	1397:1421	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	3	11	theme	N	495:495	arg1	supply					565:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply	482:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	482:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	4	12	theme	low	891:893	arg1	supply					897:902	low N supply	891:902	low N supply	891:902	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	13	theme	R-N	805:807	arg1	relationships					809:821	R-N relationships	805:821	R-N relationships	805:821	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	14	theme	A-N	798:800	arg1	slopes					768:773	slopes	768:773	slopes	768:773	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	14	theme	A-N	798:800	arg1	exponents					757:765	scaling exponents	749:765	scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships	749:821	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	8	15	theme	biosphere	1312:1320	arg1	models					1322:1327	terrestrial biosphere models	1300:1327	terrestrial biosphere models	1300:1327	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	8	16	dep	N	1220:1220	arg1	supply					1228:1233	supply	1228:1233	supply	1228:1233	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	1	17	from	rates	304:308	arg1	studies					325:331	field-based studies	313:331	field-based studies	313:331	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	5	18	theme	scaling	918:924	arg1	exponents					926:934	scaling exponents	918:934	scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships	918:963	By contrast, scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships were altered by P and N supply.
28505389	7	19	theme	nutrient	1107:1114	arg1	treatments					1116:1125	nutrient treatments	1107:1125	nutrient treatments	1107:1125	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	0	20	theme	functional	110:119	arg1	types					121:125	six plant functional types	100:125	six plant functional types	100:125	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	5	21	theme	A-P	939:941	arg1	exponents					926:934	scaling exponents	918:934	scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships	918:963	By contrast, scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships were altered by P and N supply.
28505389	3	22	theme	low	491:493	arg1	supply					565:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply	482:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	482:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	4	23	theme	relationships	809:821	arg1	slopes					768:773	slopes	768:773	slopes	768:773	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	23	theme	relationships	809:821	arg1	exponents					757:765	scaling exponents	749:765	scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships	749:821	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	2	24	theme	nutrient	406:413	arg1	supply					415:420	nutrient supply	406:420	nutrient supply	406:420	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	8	25	theme	models	1322:1327	arg1	generation					1286:1295	the next generation	1277:1295	the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models	1277:1327	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	6	26	theme	R	1040:1040	arg1	inhibition					1021:1030	light inhibition	1015:1030	light inhibition of leaf R	1015:1040	Neither R : A nor light inhibition of leaf R was affected by nutrient supply.
28505389	4	27	theme	N	828:828	arg1	supply					830:835	N supply	828:835	N supply	828:835	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	28	theme	scaling	749:755	arg1	slopes					768:773	slopes	768:773	slopes	768:773	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	4	28	theme	scaling	749:755	arg1	exponents					757:765	scaling exponents	749:765	scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships	749:821	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	0	29	theme	Nitrogen	0:7	arg1	availabilities					24:37	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities	0:37	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities	0:37	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	1	30	theme	strong	244:249	arg1	coupling					251:258	a strong coupling	242:258	a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies	242:331	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	6	31	theme	leaf	1035:1038	arg1	R					1040:1040	leaf R	1035:1040	leaf R	1035:1040	Neither R : A nor light inhibition of leaf R was affected by nutrient supply.
28505389	7	32	theme	woody	1197:1201	arg1	species					1203:1209	woody species	1197:1209	woody species	1197:1209	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	2	33	theme	such	346:349	arg1	studies					351:357	such studies	346:357	such studies	346:357	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	4	34	theme	P	876:876	arg1	effect					878:883	no P effect	873:883	no P effect	873:883	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	5	35	theme	N	987:987	arg1	supply					989:994	N supply	987:994	N supply	987:994	By contrast, scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships were altered by P and N supply.
28505389	7	36	theme	light	1175:1179	arg1	inhibition					1181:1190	light inhibition	1175:1190	light inhibition	1175:1190	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	8	37	theme	next	1281:1284	arg1	generation					1286:1295	the next generation	1277:1295	the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models	1277:1327	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	0	38	theme	phosphorus	13:22	arg1	availabilities					24:37	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities	0:37	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities	0:37	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	8	39	theme	terrestrial	1300:1310	arg1	models					1322:1327	terrestrial biosphere models	1300:1327	terrestrial biosphere models	1300:1327	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	4	40	theme	area-based	779:788	arg1	A-N					798:800	area-based log-log A-N	779:800	area-based log-log A-N	779:800	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	7	41	theme	inhibition	1181:1190	arg1	degree					1165:1170	a lower degree	1157:1170	a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species	1157:1209	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	6	42	theme	R 	1005:1006	arg1	 A					1008:1009	R : A	1005:1009	R : A	1005:1009	Neither R : A nor light inhibition of leaf R was affected by nutrient supply.
28505389	4	43	dep	increased	739:747	arg1	whereas					855:861	whereas	855:861	whereas	855:861	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	1	44	theme	chemical	263:270	arg1	traits					284:289	chemical composition traits	263:289	chemical composition traits	263:289	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	4	45	theme	log-log	790:796	arg1	A-N					798:800	area-based log-log A-N	779:800	area-based log-log A-N	779:800	Low P supply increased scaling exponents (slopes) of area-based log-log A-N or R-N relationships when N supply was not limiting, whereas there was no P effect under low N supply.
28505389	8	46	dep	N	1369:1369	arg1	availability					1377:1388	availability	1377:1388	availability	1377:1388	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	3	47	dep	P	533:533	arg1	1 mM					536:539	1 mM	536:539	1 mM	536:539	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	47	dep	P	533:533	arg1	2 μM					545:548	2 μM	545:548	2 μM	545:548	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	7	48	theme	Light	1075:1079	arg1	inhibition					1081:1090	Light inhibition	1075:1090	Light inhibition	1075:1090	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	1	49	theme	composition	272:282	arg1	traits					284:289	chemical composition traits	263:289	chemical composition traits	263:289	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	0	50	theme	controlled-environment	132:153	arg1	study					155:159	a controlled-environment study	130:159	a controlled-environment study	130:159	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	3	51	theme	P	533:533	arg1	supply					565:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply	482:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	482:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	2	52	from	studies	351:357	arg1	difficult					366:374	difficult	366:374	difficult	366:374	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	1	53	theme	key	199:201	arg1	roles					203:207	key roles	199:207	key roles	199:207	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	0	54	theme	leaf	60:63	arg1	relationships					79:91	leaf trait scaling relationships	60:91	leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types	60:125	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	1	55	theme	traits	284:289	arg1	coupling					251:258	a strong coupling	242:258	a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies	242:331	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	6	56	theme	light	1015:1019	arg1	inhibition					1021:1030	light inhibition	1015:1030	light inhibition of leaf R	1015:1040	Neither R : A nor light inhibition of leaf R was affected by nutrient supply.
28505389	5	57	theme	R-P	947:949	arg1	relationships					951:963	R-P relationships	947:963	R-P relationships	947:963	By contrast, scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships were altered by P and N supply.
28505389	2	58	theme	supply	415:420	arg1	effects					395:401	the effects	391:401	the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships	391:456	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	3	59	theme	functional	601:610	arg1	PTFs					619:622	PTFs	619:622	PTFs	619:622	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	59	theme	functional	601:610	arg1	types					612:616	six plant functional types	591:616	six plant functional types (PTFs)	591:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	8	60	theme	trait-trait	1250:1260	arg1	relationships					1262:1274	leaf trait-trait relationships	1245:1274	leaf trait-trait relationships	1245:1274	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	7	61	theme	lower	1159:1163	arg1	degree					1165:1170	a lower degree	1157:1170	a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species	1157:1209	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	3	62	from	supply	565:570	arg1	PTFs					619:622	PTFs	619:622	PTFs	619:622	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	62	from	supply	565:570	arg1	types					612:616	six plant functional types	591:616	six plant functional types (PTFs)	591:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	62	from	supply	565:570	arg1	species					578:584	37 species	575:584	37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	575:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	1	63	theme	metabolic	294:302	arg1	rates					304:308	metabolic rates	294:308	metabolic rates in field-based studies	294:331	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	1	64	contain	have	194:197	arg1	phosphorus					179:188	phosphorus	179:188	phosphorus (P)	179:192	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	1	64	contain	have	194:197	arg1	Nitrogen					162:169	Nitrogen	162:169	Nitrogen (N)	162:173	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	1	64	contain	have	194:197	arg1	N					172:172	N	172:172	N	172:172	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	1	64	contain	have	194:197	arg1	P					191:191	P	191:191	P	191:191	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	1	64	contain	have	194:197	arg2	roles					203:207	key roles	199:207	key roles	199:207	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	3	65	dep	N	495:495	arg1	0.4 mM					507:512	0.4 mM	507:512	0.4 mM	507:512	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	3	65	dep	N	495:495	arg1	5 mM					498:501	5 mM	498:501	5 mM	498:501	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	2	66	from	difficult	366:374	arg1	studies					351:357	such studies	346:357	such studies	346:357	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	8	67	theme	leaf	1245:1248	arg1	relationships					1262:1274	leaf trait-trait relationships	1245:1274	leaf trait-trait relationships	1245:1274	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
28505389	0	68	theme	scaling	71:77	arg1	relationships					79:91	leaf trait scaling relationships	60:91	leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types	60:125	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	5	69	theme	relationships	951:963	arg1	exponents					926:934	scaling exponents	918:934	scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships	918:963	By contrast, scaling exponents of A-P and R-P relationships were altered by P and N supply.
28505389	3	70	theme	controlled	702:711	arg1	environment					713:723	a controlled environment	700:723	a controlled environment	700:723	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	1	71	theme	leaf	212:215	arg1	metabolism					217:226	leaf metabolism	212:226	leaf metabolism	212:226	Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) have key roles in leaf metabolism, resulting in a strong coupling of chemical composition traits to metabolic rates in field-based studies.
28505389	0	72	theme	trait	65:69	arg1	relationships					79:91	leaf trait scaling relationships	60:91	leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types	60:125	Nitrogen and phosphorus availabilities interact to modulate leaf trait scaling relationships across six plant functional types in a controlled-environment study.
28505389	2	73	from	effects	395:401	arg1	relationships					444:456	trait-trait relationships	432:456	trait-trait relationships	432:456	However, in such studies, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrient supply per se on trait-trait relationships.
28505389	7	74	theme	herbaceous	1128:1137	arg1	species					1139:1145	herbaceous species	1128:1145	herbaceous species	1128:1145	Light inhibition was 26% across nutrient treatments; herbaceous species exhibited a lower degree of light inhibition than woody species.
28505389	3	75	theme	high	482:485	arg1	supply					565:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply	482:570	high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs)	482:623	Our study assessed how high and low N (5 mM and 0.4 mM, respectively) and P (1 mM and 2 μM, respectively) supply in 37 species from six plant functional types (PTFs) affected photosynthesis (A) and respiration (R) (in darkness and light) in a controlled environment.
28505389	8	76	theme	carbon	1439:1444	arg1	exchange					1446:1453	carbon exchange	1439:1453	carbon exchange	1439:1453	Because N and P supply modulates leaf trait-trait relationships, the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models may need to consider how limitations in N and P availability affect trait-trait relationships when predicting carbon exchange.
27720618	7	0	theme	stomatal	1153:1160	arg1	function					1162:1169	Altered stomatal function	1145:1169	Altered stomatal function	1145:1169	Altered stomatal function leads to increased conductance and evaporative cooling, as well as decreased plant growth.
27720618	8	1	theme	assimilation	1451:1462	arg1	rate					1464:1467	an improved assimilation rate	1439:1467	an improved assimilation rate	1439:1467	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	4	2	from	pectins	718:724	arg1	rich					696:699	rich	696:699	rich	696:699	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	4	2	from	pectins	718:724	arg1	walls					671:675	the walls	667:675	the walls of guard cells	667:690	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	7	3	theme	increased	1180:1188	arg1	conductance					1190:1200	increased conductance	1180:1200	increased conductance	1180:1200	Altered stomatal function leads to increased conductance and evaporative cooling, as well as decreased plant growth.
27720618	1	4	theme	guard	164:168	arg1	cells					170:174	guard cells	164:174	guard cells	164:174	Stomatal opening and closure depends on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].
27720618	9	5	theme	PME6	1485:1488	arg1	Restoration					1470:1480	Restoration	1470:1480	Restoration of PME6 rescues	1470:1496	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	8	6	theme	gas	1370:1372	arg1	analyses					1383:1390	gas exchange analyses	1370:1390	gas exchange analyses	1370:1390	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	6	7	theme	guard	1128:1132	arg1	wall					1139:1142	the guard cell wall	1124:1142	the guard cell wall	1124:1142	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	8	theme	function	1083:1090	arg1	abrogation					1060:1069	abrogation	1060:1069	abrogation of stomatal function	1060:1090	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	7	9	theme	Altered	1145:1151	arg1	function					1162:1169	Altered stomatal function	1145:1169	Altered stomatal function	1145:1169	Altered stomatal function leads to increased conductance and evaporative cooling, as well as decreased plant growth.
27720618	5	10	theme	pectin	741:746	arg1	PME6					769:772	PME6	769:772	PME6	769:772	We identify a pectin methylesterase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.
27720618	5	10	theme	pectin	741:746	arg1	gene					763:766	a pectin methylesterase gene	739:766	a pectin methylesterase gene	739:766	We identify a pectin methylesterase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.
27720618	6	11	from	range	955:959	arg1	response					964:971	response	964:971	response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure	964:1011	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	4	12	from	rich	696:699	arg1	pectins					718:724	un-esterified pectins	704:724	un-esterified pectins	704:724	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	2	13	theme	mechanical	253:262	arg1	properties					264:273	the mechanical properties	249:273	the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls	249:354	The extent of these shape changes is limited by the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls.
27720618	3	14	theme	differential	432:443	arg1	thickening					445:454	differential thickening	432:454	differential thickening	432:454	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	10	15	theme	cell	1666:1669	arg1	properties					1676:1685	cell wall properties	1666:1685	cell wall properties	1666:1685	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	3	16	theme	microfibrils	489:500	arg1	thickening					445:454	differential thickening	432:454	differential thickening	432:454	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	3	16	theme	microfibrils	489:500	arg1	orientation					464:474	the orientation	460:474	the orientation of cellulose microfibrils	460:500	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	6	17	from	change	1114:1119	arg1	wall					1139:1142	the guard cell wall	1124:1142	the guard cell wall	1124:1142	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	2	18	theme	walls	350:354	arg1	structure					328:336	the structure	324:336	the structure of the cell walls	324:354	The extent of these shape changes is limited by the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls.
27720618	8	19	theme	growth	1266:1271	arg1	defect					1273:1278	The growth defect	1262:1278	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant	1262:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	1	20	theme	Stomatal	83:90	arg1	opening					92:98	Stomatal opening	83:98	Stomatal opening	83:98	Stomatal opening and closure depends on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].
27720618	6	21	theme	elevated	1024:1031	arg1	osmoticum					1033:1041	elevated osmoticum	1024:1041	elevated osmoticum	1024:1041	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	2	22	theme	cell	345:348	arg1	walls					350:354	the cell walls	341:354	the cell walls	341:354	The extent of these shape changes is limited by the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls.
27720618	10	23	theme	plant	1741:1745	arg1	physiology					1747:1756	plant physiology	1741:1756	plant physiology	1741:1756	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	7	24	theme	evaporative	1206:1216	arg1	cooling					1218:1224	evaporative cooling	1206:1224	evaporative cooling	1206:1224	Altered stomatal function leads to increased conductance and evaporative cooling, as well as decreased plant growth.
27720618	6	25	theme	mechanical	1103:1112	arg1	change					1114:1119	a mechanical change	1101:1119	a mechanical change in the guard cell wall	1101:1142	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	26	theme	opening/closure	997:1011	arg1	triggers					976:983	triggers	976:983	triggers of stomatal opening/closure	976:1011	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	0	27	theme	Stomatal	0:7	arg1	Function					9:16	Stomatal Function	0:16	Stomatal Function	0:16	Stomatal Function Requires Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall.
27720618	6	28	theme	in methyl-esterified	898:917	arg1	pectin					919:924	in methyl-esterified pectin	898:924	in methyl-esterified pectin	898:924	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	29	theme	pme6-1	852:857	arg1	cells					872:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	2	30	theme	cells	282:286	arg1	properties					264:273	the mechanical properties	249:273	the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls	249:354	The extent of these shape changes is limited by the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls.
27720618	1	31	theme	cell	185:188	arg1	[1					196:197	cell shape [1	185:197	cell shape [1	185:197	Stomatal opening and closure depends on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].
27720618	0	32	theme	Pectin	27:32	arg1	De-methyl-esterification					34:57	Pectin De-methyl-esterification	27:57	Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall	27:80	Stomatal Function Requires Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall.
27720618	3	33	theme	wall	556:559	arg1	composition					532:542	the composition	528:542	the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation	528:619	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	1	34	from	changes	123:129	arg1	pressure					141:148	turgor pressure	134:148	turgor pressure	134:148	Stomatal opening and closure depends on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].
27720618	4	35	theme	cells	686:690	arg1	rich					696:699	rich	696:699	rich	696:699	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	4	35	theme	cells	686:690	arg1	walls					671:675	the walls	667:675	the walls of guard cells	667:690	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	1	36	theme	shape	190:194	arg1	[1					196:197	cell shape [1	185:197	cell shape [1	185:197	Stomatal opening and closure depends on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].
27720618	9	37	theme	stomatal	1551:1558	arg1	function					1560:1567	stomatal function	1551:1567	stomatal function	1551:1567	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	10	38	from	corresponding effect	1695:1714	arg1	physiology					1747:1756	plant physiology	1741:1756	plant physiology	1741:1756	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	10	38	from	corresponding effect	1695:1714	arg1	function					1728:1735	stomatal function	1719:1735	stomatal function	1719:1735	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	4	39	theme	un-esterified	704:716	arg1	pectins					718:724	un-esterified pectins	704:724	un-esterified pectins	704:724	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	3	40	theme	repeated	589:596	arg1	swelling					598:605	swelling	598:605	swelling	598:605	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	4	41	theme	guard	680:684	arg1	cells					686:690	guard cells	680:690	guard cells	680:690	Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.
27720618	3	42	theme	due	425:427	arg1	[2					502:503	cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2	403:503	cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2	403:503	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	10	43	theme	a link between	1610:1623	arg1	expression					1630:1639	a link between gene expression	1610:1639	a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties	1610:1685	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	8	44	theme	defect	1273:1278	arg1	mutant					1294:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant	1262:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant	1262:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	10	45	theme	wall	1671:1674	arg1	properties					1676:1685	cell wall properties	1666:1685	cell wall properties	1666:1685	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	6	46	contain	have	878:881	arg2	walls					883:887	walls	883:887	walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin	883:924	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	46	contain	have	878:881	arg1	cells					872:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	47	theme	stomatal	988:995	arg1	opening/closure					997:1011	stomatal opening/closure	988:1011	stomatal opening/closure	988:1011	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	10	48	theme	guard	1644:1648	arg1	cells					1650:1654	guard cells	1644:1654	guard cells	1644:1654	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	10	49	theme	gene	1625:1628	arg1	expression					1630:1639	a link between gene expression	1610:1639	a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties	1610:1685	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	3	50	theme	cell	551:554	arg1	wall					556:559	the cell wall	547:559	the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation	547:619	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	10	51	from	expression	1630:1639	arg1	cells					1650:1654	guard cells	1644:1654	guard cells	1644:1654	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	3	52	theme	cells are	403:411	arg1	[2					502:503	cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2	403:503	cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2	403:503	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	0	53	theme	Guard	66:70	arg1	Wall					77:80	the Guard Cell Wall	62:80	the Guard Cell Wall	62:80	Stomatal Function Requires Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall.
27720618	6	54	theme	guard	866:870	arg1	cells					872:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	8	55	theme	mutant	1413:1418	arg1	stomata					1420:1426	the mutant stomata	1409:1426	the mutant stomata	1409:1426	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	3	56	theme	composition	532:542	arg1	understanding					511:523	our understanding	507:523	our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation	507:619	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	6	57	theme	stomatal	1074:1081	arg1	function					1083:1090	stomatal function	1074:1090	stomatal function	1074:1090	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	10	58	theme	stomatal	1719:1726	arg1	function					1728:1735	stomatal function	1719:1735	stomatal function	1719:1735	Our results establish a link between gene expression in guard cells and their cell wall properties, with a corresponding effect on stomatal function and plant physiology.
27720618	6	59	theme	mutant	859:864	arg1	cells					872:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells	852:876	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	5	60	theme	methylesterase	748:761	arg1	PME6					769:772	PME6	769:772	PME6	769:772	We identify a pectin methylesterase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.
27720618	5	60	theme	methylesterase	748:761	arg1	gene					763:766	a pectin methylesterase gene	739:766	a pectin methylesterase gene	739:766	We identify a pectin methylesterase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.
27720618	5	61	theme	stomatal	833:840	arg1	function					842:849	stomatal function	833:849	stomatal function	833:849	We identify a pectin methylesterase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.
27720618	9	62	theme	wall pectin	1509:1519	arg1	status					1543:1548	wall pectin methyl-esterification status	1509:1548	wall pectin methyl-esterification status	1509:1548	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	6	63	theme	cell	1134:1137	arg1	wall					1139:1142	the guard cell wall	1124:1142	the guard cell wall	1124:1142	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	9	64	theme	plant	1574:1578	arg1	growth					1580:1585	plant growth	1574:1585	plant growth	1574:1585	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	9	65	dep	cell	1504:1507	arg1	status					1543:1548	wall pectin methyl-esterification status	1509:1548	wall pectin methyl-esterification status	1509:1548	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	8	66	theme	elevated	1341:1348	arg1	CO2					1350:1352	elevated CO2	1341:1352	elevated CO2	1341:1352	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	8	67	theme	improved	1442:1449	arg1	rate					1464:1467	an improved assimilation rate	1439:1467	an improved assimilation rate	1439:1467	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	8	68	theme	exchange	1374:1381	arg1	analyses					1383:1390	gas exchange analyses	1370:1390	gas exchange analyses	1370:1390	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	1	69	theme	turgor	134:139	arg1	pressure					141:148	turgor pressure	134:148	turgor pressure	134:148	Stomatal opening and closure depends on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].
27720618	8	70	theme	of the pme6-1	1280:1292	arg1	mutant					1294:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant	1262:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant	1262:1299	The growth defect of the pme6-1 mutant is rescued by maintaining the plants in elevated CO2, substantiating gas exchange analyses, indicating that the mutant stomata can bestow an improved assimilation rate.
27720618	0	71	theme	Wall	77:80	arg1	De-methyl-esterification					34:57	Pectin De-methyl-esterification	27:57	Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall	27:80	Stomatal Function Requires Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall.
27720618	7	72	theme	plant	1248:1252	arg1	growth					1254:1259	plant growth	1248:1259	plant growth	1248:1259	Altered stomatal function leads to increased conductance and evaporative cooling, as well as decreased plant growth.
27720618	2	73	theme	changes	227:233	arg1	extent					205:210	The extent	201:210	The extent of these shape changes	201:233	The extent of these shape changes is limited by the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls.
27720618	3	74	theme	anisotropic	413:423	arg1	[2					502:503	cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2	403:503	cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2	403:503	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	5	75	theme	guard	804:808	arg1	cells					810:814	guard cells	804:814	guard cells	804:814	We identify a pectin methylesterase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.
27720618	6	76	theme	dynamic	947:953	arg1	range					955:959	a decreased dynamic range	935:959	a decreased dynamic range	935:959	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	76	theme	dynamic	947:953	arg1	osmoticum					1033:1041	elevated osmoticum	1024:1041	elevated osmoticum	1024:1041	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	0	77	theme	Cell	72:75	arg1	Wall					77:80	the Guard Cell Wall	62:80	the Guard Cell Wall	62:80	Stomatal Function Requires Pectin De-methyl-esterification of the Guard Cell Wall.
27720618	2	78	theme	shape	221:225	arg1	changes					227:233	these shape changes	215:233	these shape changes	215:233	The extent of these shape changes is limited by the mechanical properties of the cells, which will be largely dependent on the structure of the cell walls.
27720618	9	79	theme	methyl-esterification	1521:1541	arg1	status					1543:1548	wall pectin methyl-esterification status	1509:1548	wall pectin methyl-esterification status	1509:1548	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	3	80	theme	cellulose	479:487	arg1	microfibrils					489:500	cellulose microfibrils	479:500	cellulose microfibrils	479:500	Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickening and the orientation of cellulose microfibrils [2], our understanding of the composition of the cell wall that allows them to undergo repeated swelling and deflation remains surprisingly poor.
27720618	9	81	dep	PME6	1485:1488	arg1	rescues					1490:1496	rescues	1490:1496	rescues	1490:1496	Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, stomatal function, and plant growth.
27720618	6	82	theme	decreased	937:945	arg1	range					955:959	a decreased dynamic range	935:959	a decreased dynamic range	935:959	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
27720618	6	82	theme	decreased	937:945	arg1	osmoticum					1033:1041	elevated osmoticum	1024:1041	elevated osmoticum	1024:1041	pme6-1 mutant guard cells have walls enriched in methyl-esterified pectin and show a decreased dynamic range in response to triggers of stomatal opening/closure, including elevated osmoticum, suggesting that abrogation of stomatal function reflects a mechanical change in the guard cell wall.
25888797	1	0	theme	study	154:158	arg1	objective					136:144	The objective	132:144	The objective of this study	132:158	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	1	1	theme	hot-melt	250:257	arg1	technology					269:278	hot-melt extrusion technology	250:278	hot-melt extrusion technology	250:278	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	0	2	theme	extrusion	77:85	arg1	technology					87:96	hot melt extrusion technology	68:96	hot melt extrusion technology	68:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	1	3	theme	unpleasant	348:357	arg1	taste					366:370	the unpleasant bitter taste	344:370	the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug	344:382	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	5	4	theme	bitter	883:888	arg1	taste					890:894	bitter taste	883:894	bitter taste	883:894	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	5	5	theme	taste	890:894	arg1	masking					872:878	masking	872:878	masking of bitter taste of the API	872:905	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	1	6	theme	extrusion	259:267	arg1	technology					269:278	hot-melt extrusion technology	250:278	hot-melt extrusion technology	250:278	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	1	7	theme	bitter	359:364	arg1	taste					366:370	the unpleasant bitter taste	344:370	the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug	344:382	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	1	8	dep	in	403:404	arg1	vivo					406:409	vivo	406:409	vivo	406:409	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	9	9	theme	lead	1254:1257	arg1	formulations					1269:1280	The lead extrudate formulations	1250:1280	The lead extrudate formulations	1250:1280	The lead extrudate formulations and the ODTs prepared using this formulation were subjected to human gustatory evaluation.
25888797	0	10	dep	vitro-in	105:112	arg1	vivo					114:117	vivo	114:117	vivo	114:117	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	5	11	theme	milled	725:730	arg1	extrudates					732:741	The milled extrudates	721:741	The milled extrudates	721:741	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	9	12	theme	extrudate	1259:1267	arg1	formulations					1269:1280	The lead extrudate formulations	1250:1280	The lead extrudate formulations	1250:1280	The lead extrudate formulations and the ODTs prepared using this formulation were subjected to human gustatory evaluation.
25888797	10	13	theme	caffeine	1433:1440	arg1	citrate					1442:1448	caffeine citrate	1433:1448	caffeine citrate	1433:1448	The formulations were found to mask the unpleasant taste of caffeine citrate significantly.
25888797	3	14	theme	forming	509:515	arg1	agents					517:522	Pore forming agents	504:522	Pore forming agents	504:522	Pore forming agents were incorporated into the extruded matrix to enhance drug release.
25888797	0	15	theme	vitro-in	105:112	arg1	evaluations					119:129	vitro-in vivo evaluations	105:129	vitro-in vivo evaluations	105:129	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	9	16	theme	human	1345:1349	arg1	evaluation					1361:1370	human gustatory evaluation	1345:1370	human gustatory evaluation	1345:1370	The lead extrudate formulations and the ODTs prepared using this formulation were subjected to human gustatory evaluation.
25888797	5	17	theme	salivary	798:805	arg1	fluid					807:811	an artificial salivary fluid	784:811	an artificial salivary fluid	784:811	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	1	18	theme	drug	379:382	arg1	taste					366:370	the unpleasant bitter taste	344:370	the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug	344:382	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	3	19	theme	extruded	551:558	arg1	matrix					560:565	the extruded matrix	547:565	the extruded matrix	547:565	Pore forming agents were incorporated into the extruded matrix to enhance drug release.
25888797	1	20	theme	caffeine	175:182	arg1	citrate					184:190	caffeine citrate	175:190	caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology	175:278	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	2	21	dep	along	436:440	arg1	with					442:445	with	442:445	with	442:445	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	0	22	theme	formulations	45:56	arg1	Development					0:10	Development	0:10	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.	0:130	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	4	23	theme	extrusion	650:658	arg1	processability					660:673	the extrusion processability	646:673	the extrusion processability	646:673	A modified screw configuration was applied to improve the extrusion processability and to preserve the crystallinity of the API.
25888797	0	24	theme	masked	21:26	arg1	formulations					45:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations	15:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology	15:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	6	25	theme	drug	945:948	arg1	drug					945:948	drug	945:948	drug	945:948	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	6	25	theme	drug	945:948	arg1	amount					935:940	an insignificant amount	918:940	an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl	918:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	8	26	dep	friability	1175:1184	arg1	time					1205:1208	time	1205:1208	time	1205:1208	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	8	27	theme	quality	1148:1154	arg1	disintegration					1190:1203	disintegration	1190:1203	disintegration	1190:1203	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	8	27	theme	quality	1148:1154	arg1	properties					1156:1165	The quality properties	1144:1165	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs	1144:1220	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	8	27	theme	quality	1148:1154	arg1	friability					1175:1184	friability	1175:1184	friability	1175:1184	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	10	28	theme	unpleasant	1413:1422	arg1	taste					1424:1428	the unpleasant taste	1409:1428	the unpleasant taste of caffeine citrate	1409:1448	The formulations were found to mask the unpleasant taste of caffeine citrate significantly.
25888797	8	29	theme	ODTs	1217:1220	arg1	disintegration					1190:1203	disintegration	1190:1203	disintegration	1190:1203	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	8	29	theme	ODTs	1217:1220	arg1	friability					1175:1184	friability	1175:1184	friability	1175:1184	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	0	30	theme	taste	15:19	arg1	formulations					45:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations	15:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology	15:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	0	31	theme	citrate	37:43	arg1	formulations					45:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations	15:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology	15:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	1	32	theme	in	390:391	arg1	methods					411:417	in vitro and in vivo methods	390:417	in vitro and in vivo methods	390:417	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	3	33	theme	drug	578:581	arg1	release					583:589	drug release	578:589	drug release	578:589	Pore forming agents were incorporated into the extruded matrix to enhance drug release.
25888797	6	34	theme	drug	1021:1024	arg1	%					1016:1016	over 80%	1009:1016	over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl	1009:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	6	34	theme	drug	1021:1024	arg1	drug					1021:1024	drug	1021:1024	drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl	1021:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	1	35	theme	tablet	214:219	arg1	formulations					227:238	tablet (ODT) formulations	214:238	tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology	214:278	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	0	36	theme	caffeine	28:35	arg1	formulations					45:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations	15:56	taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology	15:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	6	37	theme	insignificant	921:933	arg1	drug					945:948	drug	945:948	drug	945:948	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	6	37	theme	insignificant	921:933	arg1	amount					935:940	an insignificant amount	918:940	an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl	918:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	10	38	theme	citrate	1442:1448	arg1	taste					1424:1428	the unpleasant taste	1409:1428	the unpleasant taste of caffeine citrate	1409:1448	The formulations were found to mask the unpleasant taste of caffeine citrate significantly.
25888797	6	39	theme	salivary	987:994	arg1	medium					996:1001	the salivary medium	983:1001	the salivary medium	983:1001	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	2	40	theme	polymeric	485:493	arg1	carrier					495:501	a polymeric carrier	483:501	a polymeric carrier	483:501	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	40	theme	polymeric	485:493	arg1	Ethylcellulose					420:433	Ethylcellulose	420:433	Ethylcellulose	420:433	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	40	theme	polymeric	485:493	arg1	plasticizer					458:468	a suitable plasticizer	447:468	a suitable plasticizer	447:468	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	41	theme	suitable	449:456	arg1	carrier					495:501	a polymeric carrier	483:501	a polymeric carrier	483:501	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	41	theme	suitable	449:456	arg1	Ethylcellulose					420:433	Ethylcellulose	420:433	Ethylcellulose	420:433	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	41	theme	suitable	449:456	arg1	plasticizer					458:468	a suitable plasticizer	447:468	a suitable plasticizer	447:468	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	1	42	theme	formulation	312:322	arg1	composition					324:334	the formulation composition	308:334	the formulation composition	308:334	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	5	43	theme	artificial	787:796	arg1	fluid					807:811	an artificial salivary fluid	784:811	an artificial salivary fluid	784:811	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	0	44	from	Development	0:10	arg1	evaluations					119:129	vitro-in vivo evaluations	105:129	vitro-in vivo evaluations	105:129	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	1	45	theme	composition	324:334	arg1	ability					297:303	the ability	293:303	the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods	293:417	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	6	46	from	formulation	968:978	arg1	medium					996:1001	the salivary medium	983:1001	the salivary medium	983:1001	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	1	47	theme	in	403:404	arg1	methods					411:417	in vitro and in vivo methods	390:417	in vitro and in vivo methods	390:417	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	8	48	theme	USP	1230:1232	arg1	specifications					1234:1247	the USP specifications	1226:1247	the USP specifications	1226:1247	The quality properties such as friability and disintegration time of the ODTs met the USP specifications.
25888797	2	49	used	used	475:478	arg2	Ethylcellulose					420:433	Ethylcellulose	420:433	Ethylcellulose	420:433	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	49	used	used	475:478	arg2	carrier					495:501	a polymeric carrier	483:501	a polymeric carrier	483:501	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	2	49	used	used	475:478	arg2	plasticizer					458:468	a suitable plasticizer	447:468	a suitable plasticizer	447:468	Ethylcellulose, along with a suitable plasticizer, was used as a polymeric carrier.
25888797	4	50	theme	API	716:718	arg1	crystallinity					695:707	the crystallinity	691:707	the crystallinity of the API	691:718	A modified screw configuration was applied to improve the extrusion processability and to preserve the crystallinity of the API.
25888797	1	51	theme	ODT	222:224	arg1	formulations					227:238	tablet (ODT) formulations	214:238	tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology	214:278	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
25888797	6	52	attach	released	950:957	arg1	formulation					968:978	the formulation	964:978	the formulation in the salivary medium	964:1001	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	6	52	attach	released	950:957	arg2	drug					945:948	drug	945:948	drug	945:948	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	6	52	attach	released	950:957	arg2	amount					935:940	an insignificant amount	918:940	an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl	918:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	9	53	theme	gustatory	1351:1359	arg1	evaluation					1361:1370	human gustatory evaluation	1345:1370	human gustatory evaluation	1345:1370	The lead extrudate formulations and the ODTs prepared using this formulation were subjected to human gustatory evaluation.
25888797	6	54	theme	0.1N	1052:1055	arg1	HCl					1057:1059	0.1N HCl	1052:1059	0.1N HCl	1052:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	5	55	theme	API	903:905	arg1	masking					872:878	masking	872:878	masking of bitter taste of the API	872:905	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	0	56	theme	melt	72:75	arg1	technology					87:96	hot melt extrusion technology	68:96	hot melt extrusion technology	68:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	6	57	from	min	1045:1047	arg1	HCl					1057:1059	0.1N HCl	1052:1059	0.1N HCl	1052:1059	There was an insignificant amount of drug released from the formulation in the salivary medium while over 80% of drug released within 30 min in 0.1N HCl.
25888797	5	58	theme	masking	872:878	arg1	extent					862:867	the extent	858:867	the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API	858:905	The milled extrudates were subjected to dissolution testing in an artificial salivary fluid and investigations using e-tongue, to assess the extent of masking of bitter taste of the API.
25888797	4	59	theme	screw	603:607	arg1	configuration					609:621	A modified screw configuration	592:621	A modified screw configuration	592:621	A modified screw configuration was applied to improve the extrusion processability and to preserve the crystallinity of the API.
25888797	0	60	theme	hot	68:70	arg1	technology					87:96	hot melt extrusion technology	68:96	hot melt extrusion technology	68:96	Development of taste masked caffeine citrate formulations utilizing hot melt extrusion technology and in vitro-in vivo evaluations.
25888797	4	61	theme	modified	594:601	arg1	configuration					609:621	A modified screw configuration	592:621	A modified screw configuration	592:621	A modified screw configuration was applied to improve the extrusion processability and to preserve the crystallinity of the API.
25888797	3	62	theme	Pore	504:507	arg1	agents					517:522	Pore forming agents	504:522	Pore forming agents	504:522	Pore forming agents were incorporated into the extruded matrix to enhance drug release.
25888797	1	63	dep	in	390:391	arg1	vitro					393:397	vitro	393:397	vitro	393:397	The objective of this study was to develop caffeine citrate orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulations utilizing hot-melt extrusion technology and evaluate the ability of the formulation composition to mask the unpleasant bitter taste of the drug using in vitro and in vivo methods.
24666778	0	0	theme	milk	60:63	arg1	parameters					75:84	milk utilising parameters	60:84	milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature	60:123	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	0	1	from	impact	15:20	arg1	value					51:55	the value	47:55	the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature	47:123	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	1	2	theme	milk	214:217	arg1	volume					219:224	milk volume	214:224	milk volume	214:224	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	1	3	theme	sector	293:298	arg1	model					300:304	a processing sector model	280:304	a processing sector model	280:304	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	1	4	theme	mastitis	140:147	arg1	impact					130:135	The impact	126:135	The impact	126:135	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	0	5	theme	parameters	75:84	arg1	value					51:55	the value	47:55	the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature	47:123	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	4	6	dep	fat	602:604	arg1	i					594:594	i	594:594	i	594:594	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	4	7	dep	increased	583:591	arg1	increased					623:631	increased	623:631	increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased	583:631	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	3	8	theme	market	492:497	arg1	values					499:504	market values	492:504	market values	492:504	Processing costs and market values were representative of current industry values.
24666778	0	9	theme	utilising	65:73	arg1	parameters					75:84	milk utilising parameters	60:84	milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature	60:123	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	7	10	from	reduction	1061:1069	arg1	value					1078:1082	the value	1074:1082	the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l	1074:1113	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	7	11	theme	%	1009:1009	arg1	revenue					995:1001	net revenue	991:1001	net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million)	991:1035	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	1	12	from	impact	130:135	arg1	value					157:161	milk value	152:161	milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume	152:224	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	4	13	theme	milk	597:600	arg1	fat					602:604	(i) milk fat	593:604	(i) milk fat	593:604	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	0	14	theme	count	38:42	arg1	impact					15:20	the impact	11:20	the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature	11:123	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	4	15	theme	cheese	739:744	arg1	moisture					746:753	cheese moisture	739:753	cheese moisture	739:753	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	1	16	theme	milk	152:155	arg1	value					157:161	milk value	152:161	milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume	152:224	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	2	17	theme	somatic	410:416	arg1	count					423:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count	390:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC)	390:435	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	17	theme	somatic	410:416	arg1	BMSCC					430:434	BMSCC	430:434	BMSCC	430:434	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	18	from	Changes	307:313	arg1	composition					362:372	composition	362:372	composition	362:372	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	18	from	Changes	307:313	arg1	composition					327:337	raw milk composition	318:337	raw milk composition	318:337	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	18	from	Changes	307:313	arg1	processing					347:356	cheese processing	340:356	cheese processing	340:356	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	7	19	from	reduction	978:986	arg1	revenue					995:1001	net revenue	991:1001	net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million)	991:1035	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	2	20	theme	milk	405:408	arg1	count					423:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count	390:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC)	390:435	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	20	theme	milk	405:408	arg1	BMSCC					430:434	BMSCC	430:434	BMSCC	430:434	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	3	21	theme	current	529:535	arg1	values					546:551	current industry values	529:551	current industry values	529:551	Processing costs and market values were representative of current industry values.
24666778	7	22	from	increase	920:927	arg1	BMSCC					932:936	BMSCC	932:936	BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml	932:970	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	7	22	from	increase	920:927	arg1	100 000					943:949	100 000	943:949	100 000	943:949	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	2	23	theme	bulk	400:403	arg1	count					423:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count	390:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC)	390:435	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	23	theme	bulk	400:403	arg1	BMSCC					430:434	BMSCC	430:434	BMSCC	430:434	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	6	24	theme	production	886:895	arg1	quantities					897:906	the production quantities	882:906	the production quantities	882:906	The analysis showed that as BMSCC increased the production quantities reduced.
24666778	0	25	theme	published	104:112	arg1	literature					114:123	the published literature	100:123	the published literature	100:123	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	2	26	theme	increased	390:398	arg1	count					423:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count	390:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC)	390:435	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	26	theme	increased	390:398	arg1	BMSCC					430:434	BMSCC	430:434	BMSCC	430:434	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	1	27	theme	independent	173:183	arg1	value					157:161	milk value	152:161	milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume	152:224	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	0	28	theme	cell	33:36	arg1	count					38:42	somatic cell count	25:42	somatic cell count	25:42	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	4	29	dep	protein	717:723	arg1	iii					705:707	iii	705:707	iii	705:707	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	0	30	theme	somatic	25:31	arg1	count					38:42	somatic cell count	25:42	somatic cell count	25:42	Estimating the impact of somatic cell count on the value of milk utilising parameters obtained from the published literature.
24666778	5	31	theme	BMSCC	771:775	arg1	categories					777:786	Five BMSCC categories	766:786	Five BMSCC categories	766:786	Five BMSCC categories were examined from ⩽100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml.
24666778	4	32	theme	cheese	710:715	arg1	protein					717:723	(iii) cheese protein	704:723	(iii) cheese protein	704:723	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	7	33	theme	raw	1087:1089	arg1	milk					1091:1094	raw milk	1087:1094	raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l	1087:1113	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	7	34	theme	milk	1091:1094	arg1	value					1078:1082	the value	1074:1082	the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l	1074:1113	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	3	35	theme	industry	537:544	arg1	values					546:551	current industry values	529:551	current industry values	529:551	Processing costs and market values were representative of current industry values.
24666778	4	36	dep	fat	666:668	arg1	ii					662:663	ii	662:663	ii	662:663	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	2	37	theme	cell	418:421	arg1	count					423:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count	390:427	increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC)	390:435	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	37	theme	cell	418:421	arg1	BMSCC					430:434	BMSCC	430:434	BMSCC	430:434	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	7	38	theme	net	991:993	arg1	revenue					995:1001	net revenue	991:1001	net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million)	991:1035	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	3	39	theme	values	546:551	arg1	representative					511:524	representative	511:524	representative	511:524	Processing costs and market values were representative of current industry values.
24666778	4	40	theme	milk	637:640	arg1	lactose					642:648	milk lactose	637:648	milk lactose	637:648	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	1	41	from	effect	192:197	arg1	volume					219:224	milk volume	214:224	milk volume	214:224	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	4	42	theme	milk	610:613	arg1	protein					615:621	milk protein	610:621	milk protein	610:621	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	1	43	theme	effect	192:197	arg1	independent					173:183	independent	173:183	independent	173:183	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	7	44	theme	€0·0096 cents/l	1099:1113	arg1	milk					1091:1094	raw milk	1087:1094	raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l	1087:1113	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	4	45	theme	protein	674:680	arg1	recoveries					682:691	protein recoveries	674:691	protein recoveries	674:691	It was assumed that as BMSCC increased (i) milk fat and milk protein increased and milk lactose decreased, (ii) fat and protein recoveries decreased, (iii) cheese protein decreased and cheese moisture increased.
24666778	3	46	theme	Processing	471:480	arg1	costs					482:486	Processing costs	471:486	Processing costs	471:486	Processing costs and market values were representative of current industry values.
24666778	7	47	from	100 000	943:949	arg1	BMSCC					932:936	BMSCC	932:936	BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml	932:970	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	7	47	from	100 000	943:949	arg1	increase					920:927	An increase	917:927	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml	917:970	An increase in BMSCC from 100 000 to >400 000 cells/ml saw a reduction in net revenue of 3·2% per annum (€51·3 million) which corresponded to a reduction in the value of raw milk of €0·0096 cents/l.
24666778	2	48	theme	milk	322:325	arg1	composition					327:337	raw milk composition	318:337	raw milk composition	318:337	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	2	49	theme	cheese	340:345	arg1	processing					347:356	cheese processing	340:356	cheese processing	340:356	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
24666778	1	50	theme	mastitis	202:209	arg1	effect					192:197	the effect	188:197	the effect of mastitis on milk volume	188:224	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	1	51	theme	processing	282:291	arg1	model					300:304	a processing sector model	280:304	a processing sector model	280:304	The impact of mastitis on milk value per litre independent of the effect of mastitis on milk volume, was quantified for Ireland using a meta-analysis and a processing sector model.
24666778	2	52	theme	raw	318:320	arg1	composition					327:337	raw milk composition	318:337	raw milk composition	318:337	Changes in raw milk composition, cheese processing and composition associated with increased bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) were incorporated into the model.
28615377	7	0	from	increase	1351:1358	arg1	purchases					1369:1377	water purchases	1363:1377	water purchases	1363:1377	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	1	theme	National	532:539	arg1	Income					541:546	the National Income and Expenditure Surveys	528:570	Income	541:546	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	8	2	theme	urban	1657:1661	arg1	households					1663:1672	lower-income and urban households	1640:1672	lower-income and urban households	1640:1672	The magnitude of these changes was greater in lower-income and urban households.
28615377	4	3	theme	adjusted	779:786	arg1	changes					788:794	adjusted changes	779:794	adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	779:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	3	4	theme	per	625:627	arg1	liters					636:641	per capita liters	625:641	per capita liters per week	625:650	Changes in purchases in per capita liters per week were estimated with the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases.
28615377	0	5	theme	Level	170:174	arg1	Place					116:120	Place	116:120	Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level	116:174	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	1	6	theme	sugar-sweetened	234:248	arg1	purchases					265:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases	234:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L	234:285	Background: In January 2014, Mexico implemented a tax on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L.
28615377	2	7	theme	Surveys	564:570	arg1	rounds					518:523	4 rounds	516:523	4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014	516:598	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	6	8	with	households	1303:1312	arg1	children					1319:1326	children	1319:1326	children	1319:1326	These reductions were higher among lower-income households, residents living in urban areas, and households with children.
28615377	4	9	from	purchases	808:816	arg1	2014					821:824	2014	821:824	2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	821:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	7	10	theme	adults	1475:1480	arg1	only.Conclusions					1482:1497	adults only.Conclusions	1475:1497	adults only.Conclusions	1475:1497	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	11	from	heterogeneity	314:326	arg1	purchases					388:396	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	5	12	from	purchases	1143:1151	arg1	year					1166:1169	that same year	1156:1169	that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012	1156:1203	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	13	from	purchases	1090:1098	arg1	2014					1111:1114	2014	1111:1114	2014	1111:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	14	theme	households	962:971	arg1	product					1020:1026	lagged gross domestic product	998:1026	lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results	998:1045	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	14	theme	households	962:971	arg1	place					974:978	place	974:978	place of residence	974:991	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	14	theme	households	962:971	arg1	characteristics					939:953	sociodemographic characteristics	922:953	sociodemographic characteristics of the households	922:971	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	4	15	theme	expected	831:838	arg1	purchases					840:848	expected purchases	831:848	expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	831:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	5	16	from	2014	1111:1114	arg1	purchases					1090:1098	the observed purchases	1077:1098	the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014	1077:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	17	theme	sociodemographic	922:937	arg1	characteristics					939:953	sociodemographic characteristics	922:953	sociodemographic characteristics of the households	922:971	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	6	18	with	households	1254:1263	arg1	children					1319:1326	children	1319:1326	children	1319:1326	These reductions were higher among lower-income households, residents living in urban areas, and households with children.
28615377	3	19	theme	models	690:695	arg1	use					676:678	the use	672:678	the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases	672:722	Changes in purchases in per capita liters per week were estimated with the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases.
28615377	5	20	from	SSBs	1103:1106	arg1	2014					1111:1114	2014	1111:1114	2014	1111:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	4	21	theme	prior	867:871	arg1	2008-2012					881:889	2008-2012	881:889	2008-2012	881:889	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	4	21	theme	prior	867:871	arg1	trends					873:878	prior trends	867:878	prior trends (2008-2012)	867:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	5	22	theme	same	1161:1164	arg1	year					1166:1169	that same year	1156:1169	that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012	1156:1203	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	2	23	used	used	511:514	arg2	We					508:509	We	508:509	We	508:509	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	6	24	theme	lower-income	1241:1252	arg1	households					1254:1263	lower-income households	1241:1263	lower-income households	1241:1263	These reductions were higher among lower-income households, residents living in urban areas, and households with children.
28615377	5	25	theme	gross	1005:1009	arg1	product					1020:1026	lagged gross domestic product	998:1026	lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results	998:1045	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	2	26	theme	household	431:439	arg1	income					441:446	household income	431:446	household income	431:446	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	1	27	theme	SSB	260:262	arg1	purchases					265:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases	234:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L	234:285	Background: In January 2014, Mexico implemented a tax on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L.
28615377	0	28	theme	Composition	146:156	arg1	Place					116:120	Place	116:120	Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level	116:174	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	2	29	from	purchases	388:396	arg1	heterogeneity					314:326	the heterogeneity	310:326	the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	310:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	5	30	theme	expected	1134:1141	arg1	purchases					1143:1151	the expected purchases	1130:1151	the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012	1130:1203	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	31	theme	residence	983:991	arg1	product					1020:1026	lagged gross domestic product	998:1026	lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results	998:1045	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	31	theme	residence	983:991	arg1	place					974:978	place	974:978	place of residence	974:991	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	31	theme	residence	983:991	arg1	characteristics					939:953	sociodemographic characteristics	922:953	sociodemographic characteristics of the households	922:971	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	7	32	theme	water	1528:1532	arg1	purchases					1534:1542	water purchases	1528:1542	water purchases	1528:1542	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	33	theme	beverage	355:362	arg1	purchases					388:396	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	4	34	from	purchases	840:848	arg1	2014					853:856	2014	853:856	2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	853:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	6	35	with	residents	1266:1274	arg1	children					1319:1326	children	1319:1326	children	1319:1326	These reductions were higher among lower-income households, residents living in urban areas, and households with children.
28615377	4	36	with	2014	821:824	arg1	purchases					840:848	expected purchases	831:848	expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	831:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	2	37	dep	Objective	287:295	arg1	used					511:514	used	511:514	used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014	511:598	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	1	38	theme	beverage	250:257	arg1	purchases					265:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases	234:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L	234:285	Background: In January 2014, Mexico implemented a tax on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L.
28615377	7	39	theme	SSB	1500:1502	arg1	purchases					1504:1512	SSB purchases	1500:1512	SSB purchases	1500:1512	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	40	gly	heterogeneity	314:326	arg1	changes					331:337	changes	331:337	changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	331:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	41	theme	bottled	373:379	arg1	water					381:385	bottled water	373:385	bottled water	373:385	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	6	42	theme	urban	1286:1290	arg1	areas					1292:1296	urban areas	1286:1296	urban areas	1286:1296	These reductions were higher among lower-income households, residents living in urban areas, and households with children.
28615377	5	43	theme	%	1062:1062	arg1	reduction					1064:1072	a 6.3% reduction	1057:1072	a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014	1057:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	7	44	theme	water	1363:1367	arg1	purchases					1369:1377	water purchases	1363:1377	water purchases	1363:1377	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	0	45	theme	Sugar-Sweetened	45:59	arg1	Beverages					61:69	Sugar-Sweetened Beverages	45:69	Sugar-Sweetened Beverages	45:69	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	3	46	dep	per	625:627	arg1	capita					629:634	capita	629:634	capita	629:634	Changes in purchases in per capita liters per week were estimated with the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases.
28615377	5	47	from	reduction	1064:1072	arg1	purchases					1090:1098	the observed purchases	1077:1098	the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014	1077:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	7	48	theme	16.2	1345:1348	arg1	%					1349:1349	%	1349:1349	%	1349:1349	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	49	dep	beverage	355:362	arg1	SSB					365:367	SSB	365:367	SSB	365:367	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	49	dep	beverage	355:362	arg1	water					381:385	bottled water	373:385	bottled water	373:385	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	4	50	theme	absolute	737:744	arg1	differences					759:769	absolute and relative differences	737:769	absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	737:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	0	51	theme	Income	163:168	arg1	Level					170:174	Income Level	163:174	Income Level	163:174	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	4	52	theme	relative	750:757	arg1	differences					759:769	absolute and relative differences	737:769	absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	737:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	5	53	theme	observed	1081:1088	arg1	purchases					1090:1098	the observed purchases	1077:1098	the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014	1077:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	5	54	dep	2012	1200:1203	arg1	to					1197:1198	to	1197:1198	to	1197:1198	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	2	55	theme	Expenditure	552:562	arg1	Surveys					564:570	the National Income and Expenditure Surveys	528:570	Surveys	564:570	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	3	56	from	purchases	612:620	arg1	liters					636:641	per capita liters	625:641	per capita liters per week	625:650	Changes in purchases in per capita liters per week were estimated with the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases.
28615377	2	57	theme	Income	541:546	arg1	rounds					518:523	4 rounds	516:523	4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014	516:598	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	58	theme	household	477:485	arg1	composition.Methods					487:505	household composition.Methods	477:505	household composition.Methods	477:505	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	0	59	theme	Residence	125:133	arg1	Place					116:120	Place	116:120	Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level	116:174	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	2	60	dep	rounds	518:523	arg1	2012					585:588	2012	585:588	2012	585:588	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	60	dep	rounds	518:523	arg1	2014					595:598	2014	595:598	2014	595:598	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	60	dep	rounds	518:523	arg1	2010					579:582	2010	579:582	2010	579:582	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	60	dep	rounds	518:523	arg1	2008					573:576	2008	573:576	2008	573:576	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	3	61	from	Changes	601:607	arg1	purchases					612:620	purchases	612:620	purchases in per capita liters per week	612:650	Changes in purchases in per capita liters per week were estimated with the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases.
28615377	0	62	theme	Household	136:144	arg1	Composition					146:156	Household Composition	136:156	Household Composition	136:156	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	7	63	theme	urban	1436:1440	arg1	areas					1442:1446	urban areas	1436:1446	urban areas	1436:1446	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	4	64	theme	observed	799:806	arg1	purchases					808:816	observed purchases	799:816	observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	799:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	5	65	from	2012	1200:1203	arg1	trends					1180:1185	trends	1180:1185	trends from 2008 to 2012	1180:1203	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	0	66	theme	Beverages	61:69	arg1	Purchases					32:40	Purchases	32:40	Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages	32:69	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	4	67	from	changes	788:794	arg1	purchases					808:816	observed purchases	799:816	observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012)	799:890	We compared absolute and relative differences between adjusted changes in observed purchases in 2014 with expected purchases in 2014 based on prior trends (2008-2012).
28615377	7	68	theme	middle-income	1407:1419	arg1	households					1421:1430	low- and middle-income households	1398:1430	low- and middle-income households	1398:1430	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	3	69	theme	2-part	683:688	arg1	models					690:695	2-part models	683:695	2-part models	683:695	Changes in purchases in per capita liters per week were estimated with the use of 2-part models to adjust for nonpurchases.
28615377	5	70	theme	domestic	1011:1018	arg1	product					1020:1026	lagged gross domestic product	998:1026	lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results	998:1045	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	8	71	theme	changes	1617:1623	arg1	greater					1629:1635	greater	1629:1635	greater	1629:1635	The magnitude of these changes was greater in lower-income and urban households.
28615377	8	71	theme	changes	1617:1623	arg1	magnitude					1598:1606	The magnitude	1594:1606	The magnitude of these changes	1594:1623	The magnitude of these changes was greater in lower-income and urban households.
28615377	7	72	theme	SSB	1563:1565	arg1	tax					1567:1569	an SSB tax	1560:1569	an SSB tax	1560:1569	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	7	73	theme	low-	1398:1401	arg1	households					1421:1430	low- and middle-income households	1398:1430	low- and middle-income households	1398:1430	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	74	theme	rural	459:463	arg1	strata					465:470	urban and rural strata	449:470	urban and rural strata	449:470	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	8	75	theme	lower-income	1640:1651	arg1	households					1663:1672	lower-income and urban households	1640:1672	lower-income and urban households	1640:1672	The magnitude of these changes was greater in lower-income and urban households.
28615377	0	76	dep	Increased	91:99	arg1	Water					85:89	Water	85:89	Water	85:89	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	2	77	theme	urban	449:453	arg1	strata					465:470	urban and rural strata	449:470	urban and rural strata	449:470	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	2	78	theme	nonalcoholic	342:353	arg1	beverage					355:362	nonalcoholic beverage	342:362	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	5	79	theme	lagged	998:1003	arg1	product					1020:1026	lagged gross domestic product	998:1026	lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results	998:1045	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	7	80	with	households	1459:1468	arg1	only.Conclusions					1482:1497	adults only.Conclusions	1475:1497	adults only.Conclusions	1475:1497	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	2	81	theme	changes	331:337	arg1	heterogeneity					314:326	the heterogeneity	310:326	the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	310:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	0	82	theme	a	25:25	arg1	Tax					27:29	a Tax	25:29	a Tax	25:29	After Mexico Implemented a Tax, Purchases of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Decreased and Water Increased: Difference by Place of Residence, Household Composition, and Income Level.
28615377	2	83	from	changes	331:337	arg1	purchases					388:396	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases	342:396	Objective: We examined the heterogeneity of changes in nonalcoholic beverage (SSB and bottled water) purchases after the tax was implemented by household income, urban and rural strata, and household composition.Methods: We used 4 rounds of the National Income and Expenditure Surveys: 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014.
28615377	1	84	theme	peso/L	280:285	arg1	purchases					265:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases	234:273	sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L	234:285	Background: In January 2014, Mexico implemented a tax on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases of 1 peso/L.
28615377	5	85	theme	SSBs	1103:1106	arg1	purchases					1090:1098	the observed purchases	1077:1098	the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014	1077:1114	The models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics of the households, place of residence, and lagged gross domestic product per capita.Results: We found a 6.3% reduction in the observed purchases of SSBs in 2014 compared with the expected purchases in that same year based on trends from 2008 to 2012.
28615377	7	86	theme	%	1349:1349	arg1	increase					1351:1358	a 16.2% increase	1343:1358	a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions	1343:1497	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28615377	7	86	theme	%	1349:1349	arg1	higher					1388:1393	higher	1388:1393	higher	1388:1393	We also found a 16.2% increase in water purchases that was higher in low- and middle-income households, in urban areas, and among households with adults only.Conclusions: SSB purchases decreased and water purchases increased after an SSB tax was imposed in Mexico.
28857472	0	0	theme	Salecan	92:98	arg1	Hydrogels					126:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	2	1	theme	doxorubicin	504:514	arg1	hydrochloride					516:528	doxorubicin hydrochloride	504:528	doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	504:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	1	theme	doxorubicin	504:514	arg1	DOX					531:533	DOX	531:533	DOX	531:533	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	2	theme	4-pentenoic	396:406	arg1	PA					414:415	PA	414:415	PA	414:415	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	2	theme	4-pentenoic	396:406	arg1	acid					408:411	4-pentenoic acid	396:411	4-pentenoic acid (PA)	396:416	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	5	3	theme	acidic	814:819	arg1	conditions					821:830	acidic conditions	814:830	acidic conditions	814:830	Lowering the pH to acidic conditions or introducing an external magnetic field caused an enhancement in DOX release.
28857472	6	4	theme	@	951:951	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	4	theme	@	951:951	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	2	5	from	copolymerization	363:378	arg1	presence					461:468	the presence	457:468	the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	457:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	6	6	theme	targeted	1021:1028	arg1	delivery					1035:1042	magnetically targeted drug delivery	1008:1042	magnetically targeted drug delivery	1008:1042	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	7	theme	salecan-g-poly	917:930	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	7	theme	salecan-g-poly	917:930	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	0	8	theme	Copolymer	106:114	arg1	Hydrogels					126:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	6	9	theme	O4	948:949	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	9	theme	O4	948:949	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	3	10	theme	Fe3	560:562	arg1	SiO2					568:571	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	560:571	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	560:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	6	11	theme	drug	1030:1033	arg1	delivery					1035:1042	magnetically targeted drug delivery	1008:1042	magnetically targeted drug delivery	1008:1042	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	0	12	theme	Graft	100:104	arg1	Hydrogels					126:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	6	13	theme	/Fe3	943:946	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	13	theme	/Fe3	943:946	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	3	14	theme	O4	564:565	arg1	SiO2					568:571	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	560:571	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	560:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	2	15	theme	dual-responsive	312:326	arg1	hydrogel					328:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	3	16	from	copolymers	617:626	arg1	Integration					545:555	Integration	545:555	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	545:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	4	17	theme	dual-responsive	754:768	arg1	release					786:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28857472	4	18	theme	field	748:752	arg1	release					786:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28857472	5	19	theme	external	850:857	arg1	field					868:872	an external magnetic field	847:872	an external magnetic field	847:872	Lowering the pH to acidic conditions or introducing an external magnetic field caused an enhancement in DOX release.
28857472	2	20	theme	field	306:310	arg1	hydrogel					328:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	4	21	theme	DOX-loaded	684:693	arg1	hydrogels					695:703	DOX-loaded hydrogels	684:703	DOX-loaded hydrogels	684:703	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28857472	0	22	theme	Composite	116:124	arg1	Hydrogels					126:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels	92:134	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	6	23	theme	PA-co-HEAA	932:941	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	23	theme	PA-co-HEAA	932:941	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	2	24	theme	pH/magnetic	294:304	arg1	hydrogel					328:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	1	25	theme	excellent	195:203	arg1	properties					236:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties	195:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation	195:270	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	2	26	theme	Fe3	473:475	arg1	nanoparticles					486:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles	473:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	473:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	6	27	theme	drug	991:994	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	27	theme	drug	991:994	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	3	28	theme	nanoparticles	573:585	arg1	Integration					545:555	Integration	545:555	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	545:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	1	29	theme	physicochemical	205:219	arg1	properties					236:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties	195:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation	195:270	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	0	30	theme	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled	0:32	arg1	Systems					48:54	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems	0:54	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2	0:76	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	4	31	theme	drug	781:784	arg1	release					786:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28857472	0	32	theme	Fe3	65:67	arg1	SiO2					73:76	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	65:76	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	65:76	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	5	33	theme	magnetic	859:866	arg1	field					868:872	an external magnetic field	847:872	an external magnetic field	847:872	Lowering the pH to acidic conditions or introducing an external magnetic field caused an enhancement in DOX release.
28857472	3	34	theme	@	567:567	arg1	SiO2					568:571	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	560:571	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	560:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	1	35	theme	biological	225:234	arg1	properties					236:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties	195:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation	195:270	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	0	36	theme	Delivery	39:46	arg1	Systems					48:54	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems	0:54	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2	0:76	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	3	37	theme	original	665:672	arg1	material					674:681	the original material	661:681	the original material	661:681	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	3	38	theme	SiO2	568:571	arg1	nanoparticles					573:585	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles	560:585	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	560:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	6	39	theme	SiO2	952:955	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	39	theme	SiO2	952:955	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	4	40	theme	clear	717:721	arg1	capacity					723:730	a clear capacity	715:730	a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	715:792	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28857472	2	41	theme	nanoparticles	486:498	arg1	presence					461:468	the presence	457:468	the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	457:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	0	42	theme	@	72:72	arg1	SiO2					73:76	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	65:76	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	65:76	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	3	43	theme	PA-co-HEAA	605:614	arg1	copolymers					617:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	2	44	theme	SiO2	481:484	arg1	nanoparticles					486:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles	473:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	473:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	6	45	theme	promising	981:989	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	45	theme	promising	981:989	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	2	46	theme	hydrochloride	516:528	arg1	release					536:542	doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	504:542	doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	504:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	1	47	theme	hydrogel	251:258	arg1	preparation					260:270	hydrogel preparation	251:270	hydrogel preparation	251:270	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	2	48	theme	@	480:480	arg1	nanoparticles					486:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles	473:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	473:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	6	49	theme	A549	1083:1086	arg1	cells					1088:1092	A549 cells	1083:1092	A549 cells	1083:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	1	50	contain	has	191:193	arg2	properties					236:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties	195:245	excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation	195:270	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	1	50	contain	has	191:193	arg1	β-glucan					178:185	a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan	148:185	a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan	148:185	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	1	50	contain	has	191:193	arg1	Salecan					137:143	Salecan	137:143	Salecan	137:143	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	3	51	theme	salecan-g-poly	590:603	arg1	copolymers					617:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	2	52	theme	salecan	383:389	arg1	copolymerization					363:378	the graft copolymerization	353:378	the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	353:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	53	theme	O4	477:478	arg1	nanoparticles					486:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles	473:498	Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	473:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	1	54	theme	extracellular	164:176	arg1	β-glucan					178:185	a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan	148:185	a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan	148:185	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	1	54	theme	extracellular	164:176	arg1	Salecan					137:143	Salecan	137:143	Salecan	137:143	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	2	55	with	salecan	383:389	arg1	HEAA					448:451	HEAA	448:451	HEAA	448:451	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	55	with	salecan	383:389	arg1	PA					414:415	PA	414:415	PA	414:415	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	55	with	salecan	383:389	arg1	N-hydroxyethylacrylamide					422:445	N-hydroxyethylacrylamide	422:445	N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA)	422:452	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	2	55	with	salecan	383:389	arg1	acid					408:411	4-pentenoic acid	396:411	4-pentenoic acid (PA)	396:416	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	3	56	theme	magnetic	637:644	arg1	sensitivity					646:656	magnetic sensitivity	637:656	magnetic sensitivity to the original material	637:681	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	2	57	theme	new	290:292	arg1	hydrogel					328:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel	288:335	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	5	58	from	enhancement	884:894	arg1	release					903:909	DOX release	899:909	DOX release	899:909	Lowering the pH to acidic conditions or introducing an external magnetic field caused an enhancement in DOX release.
28857472	4	59	theme	controlled	770:779	arg1	release					786:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28857472	6	60	with	carrier	996:1002	arg1	cytotoxicity					1062:1073	enhanced DOX cytotoxicity	1049:1073	enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	1049:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	2	61	theme	graft	357:361	arg1	copolymerization					363:378	the graft copolymerization	353:378	the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release	353:542	In this study, a new pH/magnetic field dual-responsive hydrogel was prepared by the graft copolymerization of salecan with 4-pentenoic acid (PA) and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAA) in the presence of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles for doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) release.
28857472	3	62	from	nanoparticles	573:585	arg1	copolymers					617:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	5	63	theme	DOX	899:901	arg1	release					903:909	DOX release	899:909	DOX release	899:909	Lowering the pH to acidic conditions or introducing an external magnetic field caused an enhancement in DOX release.
28857472	1	64	theme	water-soluble	150:162	arg1	β-glucan					178:185	a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan	148:185	a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan	148:185	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	1	64	theme	water-soluble	150:162	arg1	Salecan					137:143	Salecan	137:143	Salecan	137:143	Salecan is a water-soluble extracellular β-glucan and has excellent physicochemical and biological properties for hydrogel preparation.
28857472	6	65	theme	DOX	1058:1060	arg1	cytotoxicity					1062:1073	enhanced DOX cytotoxicity	1049:1073	enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	1049:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	0	66	theme	O4	69:70	arg1	SiO2					73:76	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	65:76	Fe3 O4 @SiO2	65:76	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	6	67	theme	composite	957:965	arg1	carrier					996:1002	a promising drug carrier	979:1002	a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	979:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	67	theme	composite	957:965	arg1	hydrogel					967:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel	912:974	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	6	68	theme	enhanced	1049:1056	arg1	cytotoxicity					1062:1073	enhanced DOX cytotoxicity	1049:1073	enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells	1049:1092	This salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA)/Fe3 O4 @SiO2 composite hydrogel is a promising drug carrier for magnetically targeted drug delivery with enhanced DOX cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
28857472	0	69	theme	Drug	34:37	arg1	Systems					48:54	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems	0:54	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2	0:76	Dual-pH/Magnetic-Field-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems Based on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Incorporated Salecan Graft Copolymer Composite Hydrogels.
28857472	3	70	from	Integration	545:555	arg1	copolymers					617:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers	590:626	Integration of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles in salecan-g-poly(PA-co-HEAA) copolymers afforded magnetic sensitivity to the original material.
28857472	4	71	theme	pH/magnetic	736:746	arg1	release					786:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release	736:792	DOX-loaded hydrogels exhibited a clear capacity for pH/magnetic field dual-responsive controlled drug release.
28624360	4	0	theme	1-year	829:834	arg1	mortality					846:854	1-year all-cause mortality	829:854	1-year all-cause mortality	829:854	Primary outcomes were in-hospital major bleeding, in-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality.
28624360	13	1	contain	have	2027:2030	arg1	access					1951:1956	CONCLUSION Radial access	1933:1956	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI	1933:1964	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	13	1	contain	have	2027:2030	arg2	effect					2035:2040	an effect	2032:2040	an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality	2032:2083	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	6	2	theme	increased	1065:1073	arg1	risk					1075:1078	a significantly increased risk	1049:1078	a significantly increased risk of major bleeding	1049:1096	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	3	3	theme	retrospective	537:549	arg1	cohort					551:556	A retrospective cohort	535:556	A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012	535:642	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	1	4	theme	trans-femoral	268:280	arg1	TFI					296:298	TFI	296:298	TFI	296:298	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	4	theme	trans-femoral	268:280	arg1	intervention					282:293	trans-femoral intervention	268:293	trans-femoral intervention (TFI)	268:299	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	10	5	from	bleeding	1637:1644	arg1	group					1661:1665	the femoral group	1649:1665	the femoral group	1649:1665	An interaction was noted between anticoagulant and access site, such that heparin showed significantly greater major bleeding in the femoral group compared with the radial group.
28624360	6	6	dep	access	1119:1124	arg1	p<0.001					1137:1143	p<0.001	1137:1143	p<0.001	1137:1143	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	6	6	dep	access	1119:1124	arg1	11.87					1130:1134	11.87	1130:1134	11.87	1130:1134	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	3	7	theme	TFI-bivalirudin	682:696	arg1	groups					755:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	12	8	theme	radial	1873:1878	arg1	access					1880:1885	radial access	1873:1885	radial access	1873:1885	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	16	9	theme	access	2352:2357	arg1	site					2359:2362	the access site	2348:2362	the access site	2348:2362	There is a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding, depending on the access site.
28624360	3	10	theme	consecutive	566:576	arg1	patients					578:585	1192 consecutive patients	561:585	1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012	561:642	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	10	11	from	group	1661:1665	arg1	bleeding					1637:1644	bleeding	1637:1644	bleeding	1637:1644	An interaction was noted between anticoagulant and access site, such that heparin showed significantly greater major bleeding in the femoral group compared with the radial group.
28624360	11	12	theme	similar	1723:1729	arg1	risk					1731:1734	similar risk	1723:1734	similar risk of bleeding	1723:1746	Bivalirudin resulted in similar risk of bleeding, regardless of access site.
28624360	0	13	theme	cohort	116:121	arg1	analysis					123:130	A historical cohort analysis	103:130	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.	0:157	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	3	14	dep	METHODS	527:533	arg1	divided					648:654	divided	648:654	was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	644:760	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	8	15	theme	mortality	1374:1382	arg1	anemia					1319:1324	Severe anemia	1312:1324	Severe anemia	1312:1324	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	8	15	theme	mortality	1374:1382	arg1	predictor					1339:1347	the only predictor	1330:1347	the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality	1330:1382	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	10	16	theme	anticoagulant	1553:1565	arg1	site					1578:1581	anticoagulant and access site	1553:1581	site	1578:1581	An interaction was noted between anticoagulant and access site, such that heparin showed significantly greater major bleeding in the femoral group compared with the radial group.
28624360	3	17	theme	TRI-bivalirudin	731:745	arg1	groups					755:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	0	18	theme	Veteran	139:145	arg1	population					147:156	the Veteran population	135:156	the Veteran population	135:156	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	15	19	theme	1-year	2236:2241	arg1	mortality					2243:2251	1-year mortality	2236:2251	1-year mortality	2236:2251	In addition, anemia is strongly associated with increased in-patient and 1-year mortality.
28624360	9	20	theme	anemia	1417:1422	arg1	Presence					1405:1412	Presence	1405:1412	Presence of anemia and age>70	1405:1433	Presence of anemia and age>70 predicted 1-year mortality, whereas major bleeding and anemia predicted 1-year MACE.
28624360	8	21	theme	p<0.008	1395:1401	arg1	OR=27.62					1385:1392	OR=27.62	1385:1392	OR=27.62	1385:1392	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	17	22	theme	bleeding	2477:2484	arg1	outcome					2451:2457	the composite outcome	2437:2457	the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding	2437:2484	There is no synergism between radial access and bivalirudin in lowering the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding at 1year.
28624360	9	23	theme	age>70	1428:1433	arg1	Presence					1405:1412	Presence	1405:1412	Presence of anemia and age>70	1405:1433	Presence of anemia and age>70 predicted 1-year mortality, whereas major bleeding and anemia predicted 1-year MACE.
28624360	9	24	theme	1-year	1445:1450	arg1	mortality					1452:1460	1-year mortality	1445:1460	1-year mortality	1445:1460	Presence of anemia and age>70 predicted 1-year mortality, whereas major bleeding and anemia predicted 1-year MACE.
28624360	1	25	theme	BACKGROUND	159:168	arg1	Studies					170:176	BACKGROUND Studies	159:176	BACKGROUND Studies	159:176	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	0	26	from	Association	0:10	arg1	bleeding					79:86	bleeding	79:86	bleeding	79:86	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	0	26	from	Association	0:10	arg1	mortality					92:100	mortality	92:100	mortality	92:100	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	6	27	dep	RESULTS	1006:1012	arg1	associated					1033:1042	associated	1033:1042	was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001)	1029:1144	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	7	28	theme	radial	1164:1169	arg1	access					1171:1176	radial access	1164:1176	radial access	1164:1176	Correspondingly, radial access was protective against major bleeding compared with femoral access (OR 0.128, p<0.01), but did not lower mortality or MACE by itself.
28624360	1	29	theme	heparin+glycoprotein	344:363	arg1	GPI					386:388	GPI	386:388	GPI	386:388	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	29	theme	heparin+glycoprotein	344:363	arg1	inhibitors					374:383	heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	344:383	heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI)	344:389	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	10	30	theme	radial	1685:1690	arg1	group					1692:1696	the radial group	1681:1696	the radial group	1681:1696	An interaction was noted between anticoagulant and access site, such that heparin showed significantly greater major bleeding in the femoral group compared with the radial group.
28624360	7	31	dep	access	1238:1243	arg1	p<0.01					1256:1261	p<0.01	1256:1261	p<0.01	1256:1261	Correspondingly, radial access was protective against major bleeding compared with femoral access (OR 0.128, p<0.01), but did not lower mortality or MACE by itself.
28624360	7	31	dep	access	1238:1243	arg1	0.128					1249:1253	0.128	1249:1253	0.128	1249:1253	Correspondingly, radial access was protective against major bleeding compared with femoral access (OR 0.128, p<0.01), but did not lower mortality or MACE by itself.
28624360	8	32	dep	predictor	1339:1347	arg1	OR=27.62					1385:1392	OR=27.62	1385:1392	OR=27.62	1385:1392	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	12	33	theme	radial	1820:1825	arg1	access					1827:1832	radial access	1820:1832	radial access	1820:1832	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	17	34	theme	composite	2441:2449	arg1	outcome					2451:2457	the composite outcome	2437:2457	the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding	2437:2484	There is no synergism between radial access and bivalirudin in lowering the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding at 1year.
28624360	14	35	theme	term	2148:2151	arg1	outcomes					2153:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	Major bleeding is associated with poor short and intermediate term outcomes.
28624360	5	36	theme	1-year	913:918	arg1	MACE					920:923	in-hospital and 1-year MACE	897:923	in-hospital and 1-year MACE	897:923	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	13	37	from	effect	2035:2040	arg1	mortality					2075:2083	mortality	2075:2083	mortality	2075:2083	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	13	37	from	effect	2035:2040	arg1	MACE					2066:2069	MACE	2066:2069	MACE	2066:2069	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	8	38	theme	Severe	1312:1317	arg1	anemia					1319:1324	Severe anemia	1312:1324	Severe anemia	1312:1324	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	8	38	theme	Severe	1312:1317	arg1	predictor					1339:1347	the only predictor	1330:1347	the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality	1330:1382	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	0	39	theme	arterial	20:27	arg1	site					36:39	arterial access site	20:39	arterial access site	20:39	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	6	40	theme	Femoral	1014:1020	arg1	access					1022:1027	Femoral access	1014:1027	Femoral access	1014:1027	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	14	41	theme	poor	2120:2123	arg1	outcomes					2153:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	Major bleeding is associated with poor short and intermediate term outcomes.
28624360	5	42	theme	major	984:988	arg1	bleeding+MACE					990:1002	major bleeding+MACE	984:1002	major bleeding+MACE	984:1002	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	2	43	theme	arterial	458:465	arg1	site					474:477	arterial access site	458:477	arterial access site	458:477	We compared major bleeding, mortality and the interaction between arterial access site and the anticoagulant used for PCI in Veterans.
28624360	8	44	theme	only	1334:1337	arg1	anemia					1319:1324	Severe anemia	1312:1324	Severe anemia	1312:1324	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	8	44	theme	only	1334:1337	arg1	predictor					1339:1347	the only predictor	1330:1347	the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality	1330:1382	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	16	45	theme	differential	2265:2276	arg1	effect					2278:2283	a differential effect	2263:2283	a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding	2263:2332	There is a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding, depending on the access site.
28624360	0	46	theme	anticoagulation	45:59	arg1	strategy					61:68	anticoagulation strategy	45:68	anticoagulation strategy	45:68	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	3	47	theme	TFI-heparin	661:671	arg1	groups					755:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	13	48	theme	in-patient	2045:2054	arg1	MACE					2066:2069	MACE	2066:2069	MACE	2066:2069	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	12	49	theme	synergistic	1788:1798	arg1	interaction					1800:1810	a synergistic interaction	1786:1810	a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05)	1786:1862	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	8	50	theme	all-cause	1364:1372	arg1	mortality					1374:1382	in-hospital all-cause mortality	1352:1382	in-hospital all-cause mortality	1352:1382	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
28624360	13	51	theme	1-year	2059:2064	arg1	MACE					2066:2069	MACE	2066:2069	MACE	2066:2069	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	0	52	dep	Association	0:10	arg1	analysis					123:130	A historical cohort analysis	103:130	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.	0:157	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	13	53	from	reduction	1985:1993	arg1	bleeding					2004:2011	bleeding	2004:2011	bleeding	2004:2011	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	16	54	theme	bivalirudin	2304:2314	arg1	effect					2278:2283	a differential effect	2263:2283	a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding	2263:2332	There is a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding, depending on the access site.
28624360	10	55	theme	femoral	1653:1659	arg1	group					1661:1665	the femoral group	1649:1665	the femoral group	1649:1665	An interaction was noted between anticoagulant and access site, such that heparin showed significantly greater major bleeding in the femoral group compared with the radial group.
28624360	17	56	theme	radial	2395:2400	arg1	access					2402:2407	radial access	2395:2407	radial access	2395:2407	There is no synergism between radial access and bivalirudin in lowering the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding at 1year.
28624360	12	57	from	reduction	1907:1915	arg1	NACE					1927:1930	1-year NACE	1920:1930	1-year NACE	1920:1930	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	4	58	theme	all-cause	836:844	arg1	mortality					846:854	1-year all-cause mortality	829:854	1-year all-cause mortality	829:854	Primary outcomes were in-hospital major bleeding, in-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality.
28624360	12	59	dep	heparin	1838:1844	arg1	HR					1847:1848	HR 0.38	1847:1853	HR 0.38	1847:1853	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	12	59	dep	heparin	1838:1844	arg1	p<0.05					1856:1861	p<0.05	1856:1861	p<0.05	1856:1861	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	16	60	from	effect	2278:2283	arg1	bleeding					2325:2332	bleeding	2325:2332	bleeding	2325:2332	There is a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding, depending on the access site.
28624360	11	61	theme	bleeding	1739:1746	arg1	risk					1731:1734	similar risk	1723:1734	similar risk of bleeding	1723:1746	Bivalirudin resulted in similar risk of bleeding, regardless of access site.
28624360	1	62	gly	heparin+glycoprotein	344:363	arg1	heparin+glycoprotein					344:363	heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	344:383	heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI)	344:389	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	6	63	theme	radial	1112:1117	arg1	access					1119:1124	radial access	1112:1124	radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001)	1112:1144	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	3	64	theme	TRI-heparin	707:717	arg1	groups					755:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups	661:760	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	17	65	theme	MACE	2462:2465	arg1	outcome					2451:2457	the composite outcome	2437:2457	the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding	2437:2484	There is no synergism between radial access and bivalirudin in lowering the composite outcome of MACE and major bleeding at 1year.
28624360	11	66	theme	access	1763:1768	arg1	site					1770:1773	access site	1763:1773	access site	1763:1773	Bivalirudin resulted in similar risk of bleeding, regardless of access site.
28624360	3	67	theme	patients	578:585	arg1	cohort					551:556	A retrospective cohort	535:556	A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012	535:642	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	5	68	theme	in-hospital	881:891	arg1	MI					893:894	in-hospital MI	881:894	in-hospital MI	881:894	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	2	69	from	PCI	510:512	arg1	Veterans					517:524	Veterans	517:524	Veterans	517:524	We compared major bleeding, mortality and the interaction between arterial access site and the anticoagulant used for PCI in Veterans.
28624360	5	70	dep	events	956:961	arg1	composite					971:979	composite	971:979	composite of major bleeding+MACE	971:1002	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	5	70	dep	events	956:961	arg1	bleeding+MACE					990:1002	major bleeding+MACE	984:1002	major bleeding+MACE	984:1002	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	5	70	dep	events	956:961	arg1	NACE					964:967	NACE	964:967	NACE	964:967	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	3	71	theme	VA	610:611	arg1	hospital					613:620	a VA hospital	608:620	a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012	608:642	METHODS A retrospective cohort of 1192 consecutive patients who underwent PCI at a VA hospital between 2006 and 2012 was divided into TFI-heparin (n=192), TFI-bivalirudin (n=272), TRI-heparin (n=274) and TRI-bivalirudin (n=454) groups.
28624360	5	72	theme	Secondary	857:865	arg1	outcomes					867:874	Secondary outcomes	857:874	Secondary outcomes	857:874	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	5	73	theme	in-hospital	897:907	arg1	MACE					920:923	in-hospital and 1-year MACE	897:923	in-hospital and 1-year MACE	897:923	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	1	74	from	reduction	189:197	arg1	bleeding					208:215	bleeding	208:215	bleeding	208:215	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	75	theme	trans-radial	222:233	arg1	TRI					249:251	TRI	249:251	TRI	249:251	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	75	theme	trans-radial	222:233	arg1	intervention					235:246	trans-radial intervention	222:246	trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI)	222:389	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	76	theme	bivalirudin	318:328	arg1	use					311:313	use	311:313	use of bivalirudin	311:328	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	13	77	theme	CONCLUSION	1933:1942	arg1	access					1951:1956	CONCLUSION Radial access	1933:1956	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI	1933:1964	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	5	78	theme	net	929:931	arg1	events					956:961	net adverse cardiovascular events	929:961	net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE)	929:1003	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	7	79	theme	femoral	1230:1236	arg1	access					1238:1243	femoral access	1230:1243	femoral access (OR 0.128, p<0.01)	1230:1262	Correspondingly, radial access was protective against major bleeding compared with femoral access (OR 0.128, p<0.01), but did not lower mortality or MACE by itself.
28624360	5	80	theme	adverse	933:939	arg1	events					956:961	net adverse cardiovascular events	929:961	net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE)	929:1003	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	0	81	theme	historical	105:114	arg1	cohort					116:121	A historical cohort	103:121	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.	0:157	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	1	82	theme	IIb/IIIa	365:372	arg1	GPI					386:388	GPI	386:388	GPI	386:388	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	82	theme	IIb/IIIa	365:372	arg1	inhibitors					374:383	heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	344:383	heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI)	344:389	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	5	83	theme	cardiovascular	941:954	arg1	events					956:961	net adverse cardiovascular events	929:961	net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE)	929:1003	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	13	84	theme	Radial	1944:1949	arg1	access					1951:1956	CONCLUSION Radial access	1933:1956	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI	1933:1964	CONCLUSION Radial access for PCI is associated with reduction in major bleeding, but does not have an effect on in-patient or 1-year MACE and mortality.
28624360	14	85	theme	intermediate	2135:2146	arg1	outcomes					2153:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	Major bleeding is associated with poor short and intermediate term outcomes.
28624360	10	86	theme	access	1571:1576	arg1	site					1578:1581	anticoagulant and access site	1553:1581	site	1578:1581	An interaction was noted between anticoagulant and access site, such that heparin showed significantly greater major bleeding in the femoral group compared with the radial group.
28624360	0	87	theme	access	29:34	arg1	site					36:39	arterial access site	20:39	arterial access site	20:39	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	1	88	with	bleeding	208:215	arg1	TRI					249:251	TRI	249:251	TRI	249:251	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	1	88	with	bleeding	208:215	arg1	intervention					235:246	trans-radial intervention	222:246	trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI)	222:389	BACKGROUND Studies have shown reduction in major bleeding with trans-radial intervention (TRI) compared with trans-femoral intervention (TFI), and with use of bivalirudin compared with heparin+glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI).
28624360	9	89	theme	1-year	1507:1512	arg1	MACE					1514:1517	1-year MACE	1507:1517	1-year MACE	1507:1517	Presence of anemia and age>70 predicted 1-year mortality, whereas major bleeding and anemia predicted 1-year MACE.
28624360	14	90	theme	short	2125:2129	arg1	outcomes					2153:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	poor short and intermediate term outcomes	2120:2160	Major bleeding is associated with poor short and intermediate term outcomes.
28624360	2	91	theme	access	467:472	arg1	site					474:477	arterial access site	458:477	arterial access site	458:477	We compared major bleeding, mortality and the interaction between arterial access site and the anticoagulant used for PCI in Veterans.
28624360	4	92	theme	Primary	763:769	arg1	outcomes					771:778	Primary outcomes	763:778	Primary outcomes	763:778	Primary outcomes were in-hospital major bleeding, in-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality.
28624360	5	93	theme	bleeding+MACE	990:1002	arg1	composite					971:979	composite	971:979	composite of major bleeding+MACE	971:1002	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	5	93	theme	bleeding+MACE	990:1002	arg1	bleeding+MACE					990:1002	major bleeding+MACE	984:1002	major bleeding+MACE	984:1002	Secondary outcomes were in-hospital MI, in-hospital and 1-year MACE and net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE - composite of major bleeding+MACE).
28624360	16	94	theme	heparin	2288:2294	arg1	effect					2278:2283	a differential effect	2263:2283	a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding	2263:2332	There is a differential effect of heparin but not bivalirudin on major bleeding, depending on the access site.
28624360	6	95	theme	bleeding	1089:1096	arg1	risk					1075:1078	a significantly increased risk	1049:1078	a significantly increased risk of major bleeding	1049:1096	RESULTS Femoral access was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with radial access (OR 11.87, p<0.001).
28624360	15	96	theme	increased	2211:2219	arg1	in-patient					2221:2230	increased in-patient	2211:2230	increased in-patient	2211:2230	In addition, anemia is strongly associated with increased in-patient and 1-year mortality.
28624360	12	97	theme	1-year	1920:1925	arg1	NACE					1927:1930	1-year NACE	1920:1930	1-year NACE	1920:1930	There was a synergistic interaction between radial access and heparin (HR 0.38, p<0.05), but not radial access and bivalirudin, on reduction in 1-year NACE.
28624360	0	98	from	analysis	123:130	arg1	population					147:156	the Veteran population	135:156	the Veteran population	135:156	Association between arterial access site and anticoagulation strategy on major bleeding and mortality: A historical cohort analysis in the Veteran population.
28624360	8	99	theme	in-hospital	1352:1362	arg1	mortality					1374:1382	in-hospital all-cause mortality	1352:1382	in-hospital all-cause mortality	1352:1382	Severe anemia was the only predictor of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR=27.62, p<0.008).
26795157	2	0	theme	biomass	457:463	arg1	composition					465:475	custom-design biomass composition	443:475	custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production	443:507	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	7	1	theme	plant	1491:1495	arg1	growth					1497:1502	plant growth	1491:1502	plant growth	1491:1502	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	6	2	theme	retarded	1246:1253	arg1	growth					1261:1266	an extremely retarded plant growth	1233:1266	an extremely retarded plant growth	1233:1266	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	7	3	theme	normal	1454:1459	arg1	deposition					1476:1485	normal secondary wall deposition	1454:1485	normal secondary wall deposition	1454:1485	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	0	4	theme	plant	62:66	arg1	growth					68:73	plant growth	62:73	plant growth	62:73	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	3	5	theme	xylan	656:660	arg1	acetylation					662:672	xylan acetylation	656:672	xylan acetylation	656:672	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	5	6	from	reduction	1009:1017	arg1	content					986:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	5	6	from	reduction	1009:1017	arg1	xylan					1022:1026	xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation	1022:1071	xylan	1022:1026	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	5	6	from	reduction	1009:1017	arg1	2,3-di-O-acetylation					1052:1071	2,3-di-O-acetylation	1052:1071	2,3-di-O-acetylation	1052:1071	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	0	7	from	Roles	0:4	arg1	acetylation					46:56	xylan acetylation	40:56	xylan acetylation	40:56	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	0	7	from	Roles	0:4	arg1	growth					68:73	plant growth	62:73	plant growth	62:73	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	2	8	theme	polymers	243:250	arg1	acetylation					218:228	acetylation	218:228	acetylation of cell wall polymers	218:250	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	6	9	theme	TBL34	1113:1117	arg1	mutations					1100:1108	simultaneous mutations	1087:1108	simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1)	1087:1143	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	6	10	theme	TBL35	1120:1124	arg1	mutations					1100:1108	simultaneous mutations	1087:1108	simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1)	1087:1143	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	2	11	theme	wall	238:241	arg1	polymers					243:250	cell wall polymers	233:250	cell wall polymers	233:250	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	5	12	theme	Chemical	873:880	arg1	analysis					882:889	Chemical analysis	873:889	Chemical analysis	873:889	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	2	13	theme	biofuel	490:496	arg1	production					498:507	biofuel production	490:507	biofuel production	490:507	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	7	14	theme	secondary	1461:1469	arg1	deposition					1476:1485	normal secondary wall deposition	1454:1485	normal secondary wall deposition	1454:1485	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	2	15	theme	acetylation	387:397	arg1	knowledge					404:412	the knowledge	400:412	the knowledge	400:412	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	2	16	theme	cell	233:236	arg1	polymers					243:250	cell wall polymers	233:250	cell wall polymers	233:250	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	6	17	theme	simultaneous	1087:1098	arg1	mutations					1100:1108	simultaneous mutations	1087:1108	simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1)	1087:1143	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	6	18	theme	ESKIMO1	1130:1136	arg1	mutations					1100:1108	simultaneous mutations	1087:1108	simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1)	1087:1143	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	2	19	theme	biochemical	348:358	arg1	mechanism					360:368	the biochemical mechanism	344:368	the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production	344:507	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	2	20	theme	custom-design	443:455	arg1	composition					465:475	custom-design biomass composition	443:475	custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production	443:507	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	6	21	theme	wall	1213:1216	arg1	structure					1218:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	1	22	from	polymers	102:109	arg1	biomass					130:136	lignocellulosic biomass	114:136	lignocellulosic biomass	114:136	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	7	23	theme	xylan	1419:1423	arg1	acetylation					1425:1435	xylan acetylation	1419:1435	xylan acetylation	1419:1435	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	7	24	theme	wall	1471:1474	arg1	deposition					1476:1485	normal secondary wall deposition	1454:1485	normal secondary wall deposition	1454:1485	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	6	25	theme	secondary	1203:1211	arg1	structure					1218:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	2	26	theme	biomass	267:273	arg1	recalcitrance					275:287	biomass recalcitrance	267:287	biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production	267:310	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	7	27	theme	putative	1318:1325	arg1	TBL35					1308:1312	TBL35	1308:1312	TBL35	1308:1312	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	7	27	theme	putative	1318:1325	arg1	acetyltransferases					1327:1344	putative acetyltransferases	1318:1344	putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation	1318:1408	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	7	27	theme	putative	1318:1325	arg1	TBL34					1298:1302	TBL34	1298:1302	TBL34	1298:1302	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	0	28	theme	TBL34	21:25	arg1	Roles					0:4	Roles	0:4	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.	0:74	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	5	29	theme	acetyl	979:984	arg1	content					986:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	6	30	theme	altered	1195:1201	arg1	structure					1218:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	0	31	theme	Arabidopsis	9:19	arg1	TBL34					21:25	Arabidopsis TBL34	9:25	Arabidopsis TBL34	9:25	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	5	32	theme	TBL34	931:935	arg1	mutations					918:926	simultaneous mutations	905:926	simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35	905:945	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	5	33	theme	simultaneous	905:916	arg1	mutations					918:926	simultaneous mutations	905:926	simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35	905:945	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	5	34	from	decrease	961:968	arg1	content					986:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	5	34	from	decrease	961:968	arg1	xylan					1022:1026	xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation	1022:1071	xylan	1022:1026	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	5	34	from	decrease	961:968	arg1	2,3-di-O-acetylation					1052:1071	2,3-di-O-acetylation	1052:1071	2,3-di-O-acetylation	1052:1071	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	1	35	theme	xylosyl	159:165	arg1	residues					167:174	its xylosyl residues	155:174	its xylosyl residues	155:174	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	0	36	theme	TBL35	31:35	arg1	Roles					0:4	Roles	0:4	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.	0:74	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	1	37	theme	residues	167:174	arg1	%					150:150	about 60%	142:150	about 60% of its xylosyl residues	142:174	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	1	37	theme	residues	167:174	arg1	residues					167:174	its xylosyl residues	155:174	its xylosyl residues	155:174	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	3	38	theme	TRICHOME	571:578	arg1	BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE					580:597	Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34	559:600	Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34)	559:608	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	3	38	theme	TRICHOME	571:578	arg1	TBL34					603:607	TBL34	603:607	TBL34	603:607	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	2	39	theme	xylan	381:385	arg1	acetylation					387:397	xylan acetylation	381:397	xylan acetylation	381:397	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	3	40	theme	BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE	580:597	arg1	functions					546:554	the functions	542:554	the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation	542:672	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	0	41	theme	xylan	40:44	arg1	acetylation					46:56	xylan acetylation	40:56	xylan acetylation	40:56	Roles of Arabidopsis TBL34 and TBL35 in xylan acetylation and plant growth.
26795157	3	42	theme	TBL35	614:618	arg1	functions					546:554	the functions	542:554	the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation	542:672	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	5	43	theme	xylan	973:977	arg1	content					986:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	xylan acetyl content	973:992	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	3	44	theme	Arabidopsis	559:569	arg1	BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE					580:597	Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34	559:600	Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34)	559:608	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	3	44	theme	Arabidopsis	559:569	arg1	TBL34					603:607	TBL34	603:607	TBL34	603:607	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	4	45	theme	TBL34	679:683	arg1	gene					685:688	The TBL34 gene	675:688	The TBL34 gene	675:688	The TBL34 gene was found to be specifically expressed in xylem cells in stems and root-hypocotyls, and both TBL34 and TBL35 were shown to be localized in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs.
26795157	6	46	theme	xylem	1176:1180	arg1	vessels					1182:1188	severely collapsed xylem vessels	1157:1188	severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth	1157:1266	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	4	47	theme	xylan	846:850	arg1	biosynthesis					852:863	xylan biosynthesis	846:863	xylan biosynthesis	846:863	The TBL34 gene was found to be specifically expressed in xylem cells in stems and root-hypocotyls, and both TBL34 and TBL35 were shown to be localized in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs.
26795157	6	48	theme	collapsed	1166:1174	arg1	vessels					1182:1188	severely collapsed xylem vessels	1157:1188	severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth	1157:1266	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	5	49	theme	TBL35	941:945	arg1	mutations					918:926	simultaneous mutations	905:926	simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35	905:945	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	7	50	theme	xylan	1359:1363	arg1	3-O-monoacetylation					1365:1383	xylan 3-O-monoacetylation	1359:1383	xylan 3-O-monoacetylation	1359:1383	These findings indicate that TBL34 and TBL35 are putative acetyltransferases required for xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation and that xylan acetylation is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant growth.
26795157	1	51	theme	major	96:100	arg1	polymers					102:109	the major polymers	92:109	the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass	92:136	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	4	52	located	localized	816:824	arg2	TBL35					793:797	TBL35	793:797	TBL35	793:797	The TBL34 gene was found to be specifically expressed in xylem cells in stems and root-hypocotyls, and both TBL34 and TBL35 were shown to be localized in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs.
26795157	4	52	located	localized	816:824	arg1	Golgi					833:837	the Golgi	829:837	the Golgi	829:837	The TBL34 gene was found to be specifically expressed in xylem cells in stems and root-hypocotyls, and both TBL34 and TBL35 were shown to be localized in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs.
26795157	4	52	located	localized	816:824	arg2	TBL34					783:787	TBL34	783:787	TBL34	783:787	The TBL34 gene was found to be specifically expressed in xylem cells in stems and root-hypocotyls, and both TBL34 and TBL35 were shown to be localized in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs.
26795157	5	53	dep	xylan	1022:1026	arg1	3-O-monoacetylation					1028:1046	3-O-monoacetylation	1028:1046	3-O-monoacetylation	1028:1046	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	6	54	theme	plant	1255:1259	arg1	growth					1261:1266	an extremely retarded plant growth	1233:1266	an extremely retarded plant growth	1233:1266	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	3	55	theme	DUF231-containing	625:641	arg1	proteins					643:650	two DUF231-containing proteins	621:650	two DUF231-containing proteins	621:650	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	3	55	theme	DUF231-containing	625:641	arg1	TBL35					614:618	TBL35	614:618	TBL35	614:618	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	4	56	theme	xylem	732:736	arg1	cells					738:742	xylem cells	732:742	xylem cells	732:742	The TBL34 gene was found to be specifically expressed in xylem cells in stems and root-hypocotyls, and both TBL34 and TBL35 were shown to be localized in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs.
26795157	6	57	with	vessels	1182:1188	arg1	structure					1218:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	altered secondary wall structure	1195:1226	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	6	57	with	vessels	1182:1188	arg1	growth					1261:1266	an extremely retarded plant growth	1233:1266	an extremely retarded plant growth	1233:1266	Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of TBL34, TBL35 and ESKIMO1 (ESK1) resulted in severely collapsed xylem vessels with altered secondary wall structure, and an extremely retarded plant growth.
26795157	1	58	theme	polymers	102:109	arg1	polymers					102:109	the major polymers	92:109	the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass	92:136	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	1	58	theme	polymers	102:109	arg1	one					85:87	one	85:87	one	85:87	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26795157	2	59	theme	biofuel	293:299	arg1	production					301:310	biofuel production	293:310	biofuel production	293:310	Because acetylation of cell wall polymers contributes to biomass recalcitrance for biofuel production, it is important to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying xylan acetylation, the knowledge of which could be applied to custom-design biomass composition tailored for biofuel production.
26795157	5	60	theme	specific	1000:1007	arg1	reduction					1009:1017	a specific reduction	998:1017	a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation	998:1071	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	3	61	from	functions	546:554	arg1	acetylation					662:672	xylan acetylation	656:672	xylan acetylation	656:672	In this report, we investigated the functions of Arabidopsis TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE 34 (TBL34) and TBL35, two DUF231-containing proteins, in xylan acetylation.
26795157	5	62	theme	mild	956:959	arg1	decrease					961:968	a mild decrease	954:968	a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content	954:992	Chemical analysis revealed that simultaneous mutations of TBL34 and TBL35 caused a mild decrease in xylan acetyl content and a specific reduction in xylan 3-O-monoacetylation and 2,3-di-O-acetylation.
26795157	1	63	theme	lignocellulosic	114:128	arg1	biomass					130:136	lignocellulosic biomass	114:136	lignocellulosic biomass	114:136	Xylan is one of the major polymers in lignocellulosic biomass and about 60% of its xylosyl residues are acetylated at O-2 and/or O-3.
26452150	6	0	theme	altered	955:961	arg1	concentrations					974:987	systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	940:987	systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	940:987	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	5	1	theme	current	774:780	arg1	study					782:786	the current study	770:786	the current study	770:786	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	3	2	contain	containing	391:400	arg1	coatings					382:389	Collagen-based coatings	367:389	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives	367:422	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	3	2	contain	containing	391:400	arg2	derivatives					412:422	single HA derivatives	402:422	single HA derivatives	402:422	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	13	3	theme	antiosteoclastogenic	2031:2050	arg1	effect					2052:2057	an antiosteoclastogenic effect	2028:2057	an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups	2028:2166	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26452150	6	4	theme	cellular	908:915	arg1	microenvironments					917:933	cellular microenvironments	908:933	cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	908:987	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	2	5	theme	adjustable	330:339	arg1	properties					355:364	adjustable bone-inducing properties	330:364	adjustable bone-inducing properties	330:364	This will foster the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties.
26452150	1	6	theme	biochemical	214:224	arg1	signals					226:232	biochemical signals	214:232	biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis	214:261	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	8	7	theme	atomic	1333:1338	arg1	microscopy					1346:1355	atomic force microscopy	1333:1355	atomic force microscopy	1333:1355	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	6	8	theme	high	1023:1026	arg1	sHA					1028:1030	both low and high sHA	1010:1030	both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4)	1010:1043	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	6	9	with	microenvironments	917:933	arg1	concentrations					974:987	systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	940:987	systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	940:987	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	7	10	theme	collagen	1214:1221	arg1	coatings					1223:1230	the collagen coatings	1210:1230	the collagen coatings	1210:1230	The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner.
26452150	6	11	theme	agarose	1096:1102	arg1	electrophoresis					1108:1122	agarose gel electrophoresis	1096:1122	agarose gel electrophoresis	1096:1122	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	5	12	dep	in	874:875	arg1	vitro					877:881	vitro	877:881	vitro	877:881	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	12	13	theme	dose-dependent	1974:1987	arg1	fashion					1989:1995	a dose-dependent fashion	1972:1995	a dose-dependent fashion	1972:1995	Although in single-GAG matrices there was no dose-dependent effect on cell viability, osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed only on sHA4-coatings in a dose-dependent fashion.
26452150	5	14	theme	different	810:818	arg1	derivatives					840:850	different sulfate-modified HA derivatives	810:850	different sulfate-modified HA derivatives	810:850	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	8	15	theme	intermediate	1366:1377	arg1	structures					1395:1404	intermediate collagen fibril structures	1366:1404	intermediate collagen fibril structures	1366:1404	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	12	16	theme	single-GAG	1825:1834	arg1	matrices					1836:1843	single-GAG matrices	1825:1843	single-GAG matrices	1825:1843	Although in single-GAG matrices there was no dose-dependent effect on cell viability, osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed only on sHA4-coatings in a dose-dependent fashion.
26452150	5	17	theme	HA	837:838	arg1	derivatives					840:850	different sulfate-modified HA derivatives	810:850	different sulfate-modified HA derivatives	810:850	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	8	18	theme	fibril	1388:1393	arg1	structures					1395:1404	intermediate collagen fibril structures	1366:1404	intermediate collagen fibril structures	1366:1404	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	6	19	theme	biochemical	1067:1077	arg1	analysis					1079:1086	biochemical analysis	1067:1086	biochemical analysis	1067:1086	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	6	20	contain	containing	999:1008	arg1	matrices					990:997	matrices	990:997	matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4)	990:1043	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	6	20	contain	containing	999:1008	arg2	sHA					1028:1030	both low and high sHA	1010:1030	both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4)	1010:1043	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	2	21	with	biomaterials	312:323	arg1	properties					355:364	adjustable bone-inducing properties	330:364	adjustable bone-inducing properties	330:364	This will foster the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties.
26452150	3	22	theme	Collagen-based	367:380	arg1	coatings					382:389	Collagen-based coatings	367:389	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives	367:422	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	15	23	theme	favorable	2285:2293	arg1	properties					2307:2316	favorable biomaterial properties	2285:2316	favorable biomaterial properties	2285:2316	Whether these findings translate into favorable biomaterial properties needs to be validated in vivo.
26452150	2	24	theme	biomaterials	312:323	arg1	development					285:295	the development	281:295	the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties	281:364	This will foster the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties.
26452150	5	25	theme	collagen	865:872	arg1	fibrillogenesis					883:897	collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis	865:897	collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis	865:897	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	3	26	theme	HA	409:410	arg1	derivatives					412:422	single HA derivatives	402:422	single HA derivatives	402:422	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	4	27	theme	GAG	619:621	arg1	concentrations					623:636	different GAG concentrations	609:636	different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	609:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	10	28	theme	matrices	1627:1634	arg1	prospect					1600:1607	the prospect	1596:1607	the prospect of GAG-containing matrices	1596:1634	This highlights the prospect of GAG-containing matrices to adjust defined surface charge properties.
26452150	11	29	theme	multi-GAG	1699:1707	arg1	coatings					1709:1716	the multi-GAG coatings	1695:1716	the multi-GAG coatings alike	1695:1722	The sHA4- and the multi-GAG coatings alike significantly enhanced the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells.
26452150	13	30	theme	sulfate	2153:2159	arg1	groups					2161:2166	sulfate groups	2153:2166	sulfate groups	2153:2166	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26452150	4	31	theme	potential	589:597	arg1	impact					599:604	the potential impact	585:604	the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	585:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	10	32	theme	surface	1654:1660	arg1	properties					1669:1678	defined surface charge properties	1646:1678	defined surface charge properties	1646:1678	This highlights the prospect of GAG-containing matrices to adjust defined surface charge properties.
26452150	3	33	theme	sulfation	558:566	arg1	degree					568:573	their sulfation degree	552:573	their sulfation degree	552:573	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	4	34	from	coatings	689:696	arg1	impact					599:604	the potential impact	585:604	the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	585:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	0	35	theme	Tuning	76:81	arg1	Osteoclastogenesis					83:100	Tuning Osteoclastogenesis	76:100	Tuning Osteoclastogenesis	76:100	Bioinspired Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments for Tuning Osteoclastogenesis.
26452150	1	36	theme	extracellular	143:155	arg1	ECM					167:169	ECM	167:169	ECM	167:169	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	1	36	theme	extracellular	143:155	arg1	matrices					157:164	native extracellular matrices	136:164	native extracellular matrices (ECM)	136:170	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	3	37	theme	osteogenic	465:474	arg1	differentiation					476:490	osteogenic differentiation	465:490	osteogenic differentiation	465:490	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	4	38	theme	multiple	666:673	arg1	GAGs					675:678	multiple GAGs	666:678	multiple GAGs	666:678	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	0	39	theme	Cellular	45:52	arg1	Microenvironments					54:70	Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments	12:70	Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments for Tuning Osteoclastogenesis	12:100	Bioinspired Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments for Tuning Osteoclastogenesis.
26452150	14	40	theme	cell	2232:2235	arg1	behavior					2237:2244	bone cell behavior	2227:2244	bone cell behavior	2227:2244	These data suggest that the interplay of sGAGs influences bone cell behavior.
26452150	12	41	theme	dose-dependent	1858:1871	arg1	effect					1873:1878	no dose-dependent effect	1855:1878	no dose-dependent effect on cell viability	1855:1896	Although in single-GAG matrices there was no dose-dependent effect on cell viability, osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed only on sHA4-coatings in a dose-dependent fashion.
26452150	4	42	from	interplay	653:661	arg1	coatings					689:696	these coatings	683:696	these coatings	683:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	13	43	dep	in-between	2059:2068	arg1	those					2070:2074	those	2070:2074	those	2070:2074	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26452150	6	44	theme	sHA	1159:1161	arg1	derivatives					1163:1173	sHA derivatives	1159:1173	sHA derivatives	1159:1173	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	4	45	theme	interplay	653:661	arg1	impact					599:604	the potential impact	585:604	the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	585:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	11	46	theme	RAW264.7	1797:1804	arg1	cells					1806:1810	murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1764:1810	murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1764:1810	The sHA4- and the multi-GAG coatings alike significantly enhanced the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells.
26452150	9	47	theme	first	1560:1564	arg1	time					1566:1569	the first time	1556:1569	the first time	1556:1569	GAG sulfation altered the surface charge of the coatings as demonstrated by ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well.
26452150	7	48	dep	morphology	1180:1189	arg1	The					1176:1178	The	1176:1178	The	1176:1178	The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner.
26452150	15	49	theme	biomaterial	2295:2305	arg1	properties					2307:2316	favorable biomaterial properties	2285:2316	favorable biomaterial properties	2285:2316	Whether these findings translate into favorable biomaterial properties needs to be validated in vivo.
26452150	4	50	from	concentrations	623:636	arg1	coatings					689:696	these coatings	683:696	these coatings	683:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	7	51	theme	coatings	1223:1230	arg1	composition					1195:1205	composition	1195:1205	composition	1195:1205	The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner.
26452150	7	51	theme	coatings	1223:1230	arg1	morphology					1180:1189	morphology	1180:1189	morphology	1180:1189	The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner.
26452150	2	52	theme	bone-inducing	341:353	arg1	properties					355:364	adjustable bone-inducing properties	330:364	adjustable bone-inducing properties	330:364	This will foster the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties.
26452150	8	53	theme	multi-GAG	1304:1312	arg1	microenvironments					1314:1330	multi-GAG microenvironments	1304:1330	multi-GAG microenvironments	1304:1330	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	12	54	from	effect	1873:1878	arg1	viability					1888:1896	cell viability	1883:1896	cell viability	1883:1896	Although in single-GAG matrices there was no dose-dependent effect on cell viability, osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed only on sHA4-coatings in a dose-dependent fashion.
26452150	4	55	from	impact	599:604	arg1	coatings					689:696	these coatings	683:696	these coatings	683:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	11	56	theme	murine	1764:1769	arg1	cells					1806:1810	murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1764:1810	murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1764:1810	The sHA4- and the multi-GAG coatings alike significantly enhanced the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells.
26452150	1	57	theme	signals	226:232	arg1	understanding					197:209	a deeper understanding	188:209	a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis	188:261	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	6	58	theme	gel	1104:1106	arg1	electrophoresis					1108:1122	agarose gel electrophoresis	1096:1122	agarose gel electrophoresis	1096:1122	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	8	59	theme	thin	1411:1414	arg1	fibrils					1416:1422	thin fibrils	1411:1422	thin fibrils	1411:1422	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	13	60	theme	multi-GAG	2002:2010	arg1	coatings					2012:2019	The multi-GAG coatings	1998:2019	The multi-GAG coatings	1998:2019	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26452150	1	61	theme	bone	246:249	arg1	homeostasis					251:261	bone homeostasis	246:261	bone homeostasis	246:261	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	8	62	theme	force	1340:1344	arg1	microscopy					1346:1355	atomic force microscopy	1333:1355	atomic force microscopy	1333:1355	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	5	63	theme	sulfate-modified	820:835	arg1	derivatives					840:850	different sulfate-modified HA derivatives	810:850	different sulfate-modified HA derivatives	810:850	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	8	64	theme	collagen	1379:1386	arg1	structures					1395:1404	intermediate collagen fibril structures	1366:1404	intermediate collagen fibril structures	1366:1404	In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils.
26452150	3	65	theme	single	402:407	arg1	derivatives					412:422	single HA derivatives	402:422	single HA derivatives	402:422	Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree.
26452150	6	66	with	time	1149:1152	arg1	derivatives					1163:1173	sHA derivatives	1159:1173	sHA derivatives	1159:1173	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	13	67	theme	groups	2161:2166	arg1	content					2142:2148	the overall content	2130:2148	the overall content of sulfate groups	2130:2166	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26452150	9	68	theme	GAG	1442:1444	arg1	sulfation					1446:1454	GAG sulfation	1442:1454	GAG sulfation	1442:1454	GAG sulfation altered the surface charge of the coatings as demonstrated by ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well.
26452150	2	69	theme	bioinspired	300:310	arg1	biomaterials					312:323	bioinspired biomaterials	300:323	bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties	300:364	This will foster the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties.
26452150	6	70	theme	first	1143:1147	arg1	time					1149:1152	the first time	1139:1152	the first time with sHA derivatives	1139:1173	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	4	71	theme	concentrations	623:636	arg1	impact					599:604	the potential impact	585:604	the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	585:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	13	72	theme	overall	2134:2140	arg1	content					2142:2148	the overall content	2130:2148	the overall content of sulfate groups	2130:2166	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26452150	5	73	theme	in	874:875	arg1	fibrillogenesis					883:897	collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis	865:897	collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis	865:897	These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis.
26452150	1	74	theme	deeper	190:195	arg1	understanding					197:209	a deeper understanding	188:209	a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis	188:261	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	10	75	theme	GAG-containing	1612:1625	arg1	matrices					1627:1634	GAG-containing matrices	1612:1634	GAG-containing matrices	1612:1634	This highlights the prospect of GAG-containing matrices to adjust defined surface charge properties.
26452150	9	76	theme	surface	1468:1474	arg1	charge					1476:1481	the surface charge	1464:1481	the surface charge of the coatings	1464:1497	GAG sulfation altered the surface charge of the coatings as demonstrated by ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well.
26452150	4	77	theme	different	609:617	arg1	concentrations					623:636	different GAG concentrations	609:636	different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	609:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	10	78	theme	defined	1646:1652	arg1	properties					1669:1678	defined surface charge properties	1646:1678	defined surface charge properties	1646:1678	This highlights the prospect of GAG-containing matrices to adjust defined surface charge properties.
26452150	0	79	theme	Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based	12:43	arg1	Microenvironments					54:70	Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments	12:70	Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments for Tuning Osteoclastogenesis	12:100	Bioinspired Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments for Tuning Osteoclastogenesis.
26452150	9	80	theme	coatings	1490:1497	arg1	charge					1476:1481	the surface charge	1464:1481	the surface charge of the coatings	1464:1497	GAG sulfation altered the surface charge of the coatings as demonstrated by ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well.
26452150	1	81	theme	native	136:141	arg1	ECM					167:169	ECM	167:169	ECM	167:169	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	1	81	theme	native	136:141	arg1	matrices					157:164	native extracellular matrices	136:164	native extracellular matrices (ECM)	136:170	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	12	82	theme	cell	1883:1886	arg1	viability					1888:1896	cell viability	1883:1896	cell viability	1883:1896	Although in single-GAG matrices there was no dose-dependent effect on cell viability, osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed only on sHA4-coatings in a dose-dependent fashion.
26452150	4	83	theme	GAGs	675:678	arg1	interplay					653:661	the interplay	649:661	different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	609:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	4	83	theme	GAGs	675:678	arg1	concentrations					623:636	different GAG concentrations	609:636	different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings	609:696	However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date.
26452150	1	84	theme	matrices	157:164	arg1	biocomplexity					119:131	the biocomplexity	115:131	the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM)	115:170	Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis.
26452150	7	85	theme	concentration-dependent	1269:1291	arg1	manner					1293:1298	a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner	1248:1298	a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner	1248:1298	The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner.
26452150	9	86	theme	ζ-potential	1518:1528	arg1	measurements					1530:1541	ζ-potential measurements	1518:1541	ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well	1518:1577	GAG sulfation altered the surface charge of the coatings as demonstrated by ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well.
26452150	6	87	theme	low	1015:1017	arg1	sHA					1028:1030	both low and high sHA	1010:1030	both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4)	1010:1043	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	14	88	theme	bone	2227:2230	arg1	behavior					2237:2244	bone cell behavior	2227:2244	bone cell behavior	2227:2244	These data suggest that the interplay of sGAGs influences bone cell behavior.
26452150	10	89	theme	charge	1662:1667	arg1	properties					1669:1678	defined surface charge properties	1646:1678	defined surface charge properties	1646:1678	This highlights the prospect of GAG-containing matrices to adjust defined surface charge properties.
26452150	11	90	theme	cells	1806:1810	arg1	viability					1751:1759	the viability	1747:1759	the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1747:1810	The sHA4- and the multi-GAG coatings alike significantly enhanced the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells.
26452150	7	91	theme	sulfation-	1254:1263	arg1	manner					1293:1298	a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner	1248:1298	a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner	1248:1298	The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner.
26452150	14	92	theme	sGAGs	2210:2214	arg1	interplay					2197:2205	the interplay	2193:2205	the interplay of sGAGs	2193:2214	These data suggest that the interplay of sGAGs influences bone cell behavior.
26452150	11	93	theme	osteoclast-precursor-like	1771:1795	arg1	cells					1806:1810	murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1764:1810	murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells	1764:1810	The sHA4- and the multi-GAG coatings alike significantly enhanced the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells.
26452150	6	94	dep	sHA	1028:1030	arg1	sHA4					1039:1042	sHA4	1039:1042	sHA4	1039:1042	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	6	94	dep	sHA	1028:1030	arg1	sHA1					1033:1036	sHA1	1033:1036	sHA1	1033:1036	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	6	95	theme	single-GAG	963:972	arg1	concentrations					974:987	systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	940:987	systematically altered single-GAG concentrations	940:987	Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives.
26452150	13	96	theme	in-between	2059:2068	arg1	effect					2052:2057	an antiosteoclastogenic effect	2028:2057	an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups	2028:2166	The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups.
26297674	4	0	theme	acids	745:749	arg1	%					724:724	>10%	721:724	>10% of the total fatty acids	721:749	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	0	theme	acids	745:749	arg1	acids					745:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	5	1	theme	predominant	824:834	arg1	MK-8					852:855	MK-8	852:855	MK-8(H4)	852:859	The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4).
26297674	5	1	theme	predominant	824:834	arg1	menaquinone					836:846	The predominant menaquinone	820:846	The predominant menaquinone	820:846	The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4).
26297674	10	2	dep	evidence	1296:1303	arg1	basis					1283:1287	basis	1283:1287	basis	1283:1287	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	10	2	dep	evidence	1296:1303	arg1	the					1279:1281	the	1279:1281	the	1279:1281	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	10	3	dep	sp	1481:1482	arg1	nov.					1475:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	9	4	theme	strain	1242:1247	arg1	T					1258:1258	T	1258:1258	T	1258:1258	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	9	4	theme	strain	1242:1247	arg1	PSGM2-16					1249:1256	strain PSGM2-16	1242:1256	strain PSGM2-16(T)	1242:1259	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	10	5	from	Intrasporangiaceae	1412:1429	arg1	species					1375:1381	a novel species	1367:1381	a novel species	1367:1381	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	4	6	theme	fatty	739:743	arg1	acids					745:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	3	7	dep	F.	638:639	arg1	T					657:657	T	657:657	T	657:657	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	7	dep	F.	638:639	arg1	C003					652:655	C003	652:655	C003	652:655	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	7	dep	F.	638:639	arg1	luteus					641:646	F. luteus YIM C003(T)	638:658	F. luteus YIM C003(T)	638:658	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	9	8	theme	PSGM2-16	1249:1256	arg1	%					1273:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	9	8	theme	PSGM2-16	1249:1256	arg1	content					1231:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content	1211:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T)	1211:1259	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	4	9	dep	acids	714:718	arg1	%					724:724	>10%	721:724	>10% of the total fatty acids	721:749	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	9	dep	acids	714:718	arg1	acids					745:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	10	10	theme	name	1446:1449	arg1	nov.					1475:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	10	11	theme	family	1405:1410	arg1	Intrasporangiaceae					1412:1429	the family Intrasporangiaceae	1401:1429	the family Intrasporangiaceae	1401:1429	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	8	12	theme	hybridization	1113:1125	arg1	values					1127:1132	DNA-DNA hybridization values	1105:1132	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa	1105:1184	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa were much less than 70%.
26297674	12	13	theme	NBRC	1587:1590	arg1	T					1599:1599	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	13	theme	NBRC	1587:1590	arg1	PSGM2-16					1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	6	14	theme	polar	866:870	arg1	diphosphatidylglycerol					892:913	diphosphatidylglycerol	892:913	diphosphatidylglycerol	892:913	The polar lipids present were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, three aminophospholipids and two phospholipids.
26297674	6	14	theme	polar	866:870	arg1	lipids					872:877	The polar lipids	862:877	The polar lipids present	862:885	The polar lipids present were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, three aminophospholipids and two phospholipids.
26297674	0	15	theme	Oryzobacter	0:10	arg1	nov.					24:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	9	16	theme	G+C	1227:1229	arg1	%					1273:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	9	16	theme	G+C	1227:1229	arg1	content					1231:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content	1211:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T)	1211:1259	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	3	17	with	subgroup	586:593	arg1	T					631:631	T	631:631	T	631:631	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	17	with	subgroup	586:593	arg1	F.					638:639	F.	638:639	F.	638:639	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	17	with	subgroup	586:593	arg1	HB09001					623:629	Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001	600:629	Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T)	600:632	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	7	18	theme	meso-diaminopimelic	1048:1066	arg1	acid					1068:1071	meso-diaminopimelic acid	1048:1071	meso-diaminopimelic acid	1048:1071	The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.
26297674	4	19	theme	strain	755:760	arg1	T					771:771	T	771:771	T	771:771	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	19	theme	strain	755:760	arg1	PSGM2-16					762:769	strain PSGM2-16	755:769	strain PSGM2-16(T)	755:772	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	3	20	theme	phylogenetic	528:539	arg1	tree					541:544	the phylogenetic tree	524:544	the phylogenetic tree	524:544	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	21	with	similarities	379:390	arg1	DMZ1T					417:421	DMZ1T	417:421	DMZ1T	417:421	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	21	with	similarities	379:390	arg1	jejuensis					490:498	jejuensis	490:498	jejuensis	490:498	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	21	with	similarities	379:390	arg1	T					508:508	T	508:508	T	508:508	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	21	with	similarities	379:390	arg1	%					428:428	97.4%	424:428	97.4%	424:428	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	21	with	similarities	379:390	arg1	Fodinibacter					432:443	Fodinibacter	432:443	Fodinibacter	432:443	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	21	with	similarities	379:390	arg1	%					516:516	97.0%	512:516	97.0%	512:516	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	1	22	theme	paddy	54:58	arg1	soil					60:63	paddy soil	54:63	paddy soil	54:63	nov., isolated from paddy soil.
26297674	0	23	theme	terrae	12:17	arg1	nov.					24:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	12	24	theme	=	1585:1585	arg1	T					1599:1599	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	24	theme	=	1585:1585	arg1	PSGM2-16					1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	25	theme	species	1531:1537	arg1	PSGM2-16					1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	25	theme	species	1531:1537	arg1	strain					1512:1517	The type strain	1503:1517	The type strain of the type species	1503:1537	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	10	26	from	species	1375:1381	arg1	Intrasporangiaceae					1412:1429	the family Intrasporangiaceae	1401:1429	the family Intrasporangiaceae	1401:1429	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	2	27	theme	aerobic	221:227	arg1	cells					268:272	aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells	221:272	aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells	221:272	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	3	28	theme	family	671:676	arg1	Intrasporangiaceae					678:695	the family Intrasporangiaceae	667:695	the family Intrasporangiaceae	667:695	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	29	theme	strain	330:335	arg1	T					346:346	T	346:346	T	346:346	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	29	theme	strain	330:335	arg1	PSGM2-16					337:344	strain PSGM2-16	330:344	strain PSGM2-16(T)	330:347	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	30	theme	16S	304:306	arg1	sequence					318:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence	300:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T)	300:347	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	10	31	theme	gen.	1470:1473	arg1	nov.					1475:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	8	32	theme	DNA-DNA	1105:1111	arg1	hybridization					1113:1125	DNA-DNA hybridization	1105:1125	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa	1105:1184	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa were much less than 70%.
26297674	3	33	theme	PSGM2-16	337:344	arg1	sequence					318:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence	300:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T)	300:347	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	8	34	theme	related	1173:1179	arg1	taxa					1181:1184	closely related taxa	1165:1184	closely related taxa	1165:1184	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa were much less than 70%.
26297674	4	35	theme	major	702:706	arg1	iso-C16					779:785	iso-C16	779:785	iso-C16	779:785	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	35	theme	major	702:706	arg1	acids					714:718	The major fatty acids	698:718	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T)	698:772	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	36	dep	iso-C16	779:785	arg1	0					789:789	0	789:789	0	789:789	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	36	dep	iso-C16	779:785	arg1	0					817:817	0	817:817	0	817:817	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	36	dep	iso-C16	779:785	arg1	iso-C14					807:813	iso-C14	807:813	iso-C14	807:813	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	36	dep	iso-C16	779:785	arg1	1ω8c					798:801	1ω8c	798:801	1ω8c	798:801	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	10	37	theme	terrae	1463:1468	arg1	nov.					1475:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	12	38	theme	type	1507:1510	arg1	PSGM2-16					1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	38	theme	type	1507:1510	arg1	strain					1512:1517	The type strain	1503:1517	The type strain of the type species	1503:1537	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	0	39	theme	gen.	19:22	arg1	nov.					24:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	3	40	theme	strain	558:563	arg1	T					574:574	T	574:574	T	574:574	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	40	theme	strain	558:563	arg1	PSGM2-16					565:572	strain PSGM2-16	558:572	strain PSGM2-16(T)	558:575	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	9	41	theme	DNA	1223:1225	arg1	%					1273:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	9	41	theme	DNA	1223:1225	arg1	content					1231:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content	1211:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T)	1211:1259	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	12	42	theme	=	1571:1571	arg1	T					1599:1599	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	42	theme	=	1571:1571	arg1	PSGM2-16					1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	3	43	theme	highest	362:368	arg1	similarities					379:390	the highest sequence similarities	358:390	the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%)	358:517	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	9	44	theme	genomic	1215:1221	arg1	%					1273:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	9	44	theme	genomic	1215:1221	arg1	content					1231:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content	1211:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T)	1211:1259	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	7	45	with	A4γ	1039:1041	arg1	acid					1068:1071	meso-diaminopimelic acid	1048:1071	meso-diaminopimelic acid	1048:1071	The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.
26297674	2	46	theme	Suwon	156:160	arg1	Republic					170:177	Republic	170:177	Republic of Korea	170:186	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	46	theme	Suwon	156:160	arg1	region					162:167	Suwon region	156:167	Suwon region	156:167	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	47	attach	isolated	103:110	arg2	strain					78:83	A bacterial strain	66:83	A bacterial strain	66:83	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	47	attach	isolated	103:110	arg1	pot					119:121	a pot	117:121	a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea,	117:187	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	47	attach	isolated	103:110	arg2	PSGM2-16					86:93	PSGM2-16	86:93	PSGM2-16(T)	86:96	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	48	theme	bacterial	68:76	arg1	PSGM2-16					86:93	PSGM2-16	86:93	PSGM2-16(T)	86:96	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	48	theme	bacterial	68:76	arg1	strain					78:83	A bacterial strain	66:83	A bacterial strain	66:83	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	4	49	theme	fatty	708:712	arg1	iso-C16					779:785	iso-C16	779:785	iso-C16	779:785	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	49	theme	fatty	708:712	arg1	acids					714:718	The major fatty acids	698:718	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T)	698:772	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	8	50	theme	strain	1142:1147	arg1	T					1158:1158	T	1158:1158	T	1158:1158	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa were much less than 70%.
26297674	8	50	theme	strain	1142:1147	arg1	PSGM2-16					1149:1156	strain PSGM2-16	1142:1156	strain PSGM2-16(T)	1142:1159	DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16(T) and closely related taxa were much less than 70%.
26297674	7	51	theme	type	1034:1037	arg1	A4γ					1039:1041	type A4γ	1034:1041	type A4γ	1034:1041	The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.
26297674	7	51	theme	type	1034:1037	arg1	peptidoglycan					1016:1028	The peptidoglycan	1012:1028	The peptidoglycan	1012:1028	The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.
26297674	3	52	theme	rRNA	308:311	arg1	sequence					318:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence	300:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T)	300:347	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	12	53	theme	type	1526:1529	arg1	species					1531:1537	the type species	1522:1537	the type species	1522:1537	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	0	54	dep	sp	30:31	arg1	nov.					24:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	0:27	Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	10	55	theme	novel	1369:1373	arg1	species					1375:1381	a novel species	1367:1381	a novel species	1367:1381	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	3	56	theme	gene	313:316	arg1	sequence					318:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence	300:325	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T)	300:347	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	10	57	theme	genus	1392:1396	arg1	species					1375:1381	a novel species	1367:1381	a novel species	1367:1381	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	9	58	theme	mol	1270:1272	arg1	%					1273:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	70.0 mol%	1265:1273	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	9	58	theme	mol	1270:1272	arg1	content					1231:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content	1211:1237	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T)	1211:1259	The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16(T) was 70.0 mol%.
26297674	7	59	theme	diamino	1091:1097	arg1	acid					1099:1102	the diagnostic diamino acid	1076:1102	the diagnostic diamino acid	1076:1102	The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.
26297674	2	60	theme	soil	132:135	arg1	pot					119:121	a pot	117:121	a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea,	117:187	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	10	61	theme	Oryzobacter	1451:1461	arg1	nov.					1475:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov.	1442:1478	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	3	62	theme	sequence	370:377	arg1	similarities					379:390	the highest sequence similarities	358:390	the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%)	358:517	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	10	63	theme	new	1388:1390	arg1	genus					1392:1396	a new genus	1386:1396	a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae	1386:1429	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	3	64	theme	aureus	616:621	arg1	T					631:631	T	631:631	T	631:631	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	64	theme	aureus	616:621	arg1	HB09001					623:629	Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001	600:629	Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T)	600:632	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	2	65	theme	Korea	182:186	arg1	Republic					170:177	Republic	170:177	Republic of Korea	170:186	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	65	theme	Korea	182:186	arg1	region					162:167	Suwon region	156:167	Suwon region	156:167	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	66	theme	paddy	126:130	arg1	soil					132:135	paddy soil	126:135	paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea,	126:187	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	3	67	dep	Fodinibacter	432:443	arg1	T					461:461	T	461:461	T	461:461	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	67	dep	Fodinibacter	432:443	arg1	C003					456:459	C003	456:459	C003	456:459	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	67	dep	Fodinibacter	432:443	arg1	%					469:469	97.2%	465:469	97.2%	465:469	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	67	dep	Fodinibacter	432:443	arg1	luteus					445:450	Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%)	432:470	Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%)	432:470	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	2	68	dep	aerobic	221:227	arg1	short-rod-shaped					251:266	short-rod-shaped	251:266	short-rod-shaped	251:266	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	2	68	dep	aerobic	221:227	arg1	Gram-stain-positive					230:248	Gram-stain-positive	230:248	Gram-stain-positive	230:248	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	4	69	theme	total	733:737	arg1	acids					745:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	the total fatty acids	729:749	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	10	70	theme	strain	1337:1342	arg1	PSGM2-16					1344:1351	strain PSGM2-16	1337:1351	strain PSGM2-16(T)	1337:1354	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	10	70	theme	strain	1337:1342	arg1	T					1353:1353	T	1353:1353	T	1353:1353	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	7	71	theme	diagnostic	1080:1089	arg1	acid					1099:1102	the diagnostic diamino acid	1076:1102	the diagnostic diamino acid	1076:1102	The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid.
26297674	2	72	theme	polar	283:287	arg1	flagellum					289:297	one polar flagellum	279:297	one polar flagellum	279:297	A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16(T), was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum.
26297674	10	73	from	genus	1392:1396	arg1	Intrasporangiaceae					1412:1429	the family Intrasporangiaceae	1401:1429	the family Intrasporangiaceae	1401:1429	On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16(T) represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp.
26297674	4	74	theme	PSGM2-16	762:769	arg1	iso-C16					779:785	iso-C16	779:785	iso-C16	779:785	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	4	74	theme	PSGM2-16	762:769	arg1	acids					714:718	The major fatty acids	698:718	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T)	698:772	The major fatty acids (>10% of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16(T) were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0.
26297674	6	75	theme	present	879:885	arg1	diphosphatidylglycerol					892:913	diphosphatidylglycerol	892:913	diphosphatidylglycerol	892:913	The polar lipids present were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, three aminophospholipids and two phospholipids.
26297674	6	75	theme	present	879:885	arg1	lipids					872:877	The polar lipids	862:877	The polar lipids present	862:885	The polar lipids present were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, three aminophospholipids and two phospholipids.
26297674	12	76	theme	109598	1592:1597	arg1	T					1599:1599	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	 = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)	1555:1600	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	12	76	theme	109598	1592:1597	arg1	PSGM2-16					1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	PSGM2-16	1542:1549	The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16(T) ( = KACC 17299(T)= DSM 27137(T)= NBRC 109598(T)).
26297674	3	77	theme	Ornithinibacter	600:614	arg1	T					631:631	T	631:631	T	631:631	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
26297674	3	77	theme	Ornithinibacter	600:614	arg1	HB09001					623:629	Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001	600:629	Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T)	600:632	The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16(T) revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4%), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003(T) (97.2%) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013(T) (97.0%), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16(T) formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001(T) and F. luteus YIM C003(T) within the family Intrasporangiaceae.
25397955	0	0	theme	extracellular	77:89	arg1	cryoprotectants					91:105	extracellular cryoprotectants	77:105	extracellular cryoprotectants	77:105	Production of organ extracellular matrix using a freeze-thaw cycle employing extracellular cryoprotectants.
25397955	6	1	theme	processing	884:893	arg1	cycle					895:899	the single freeze-thaw processing cycle	861:899	the single freeze-thaw processing cycle	861:899	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	2	2	theme	structure	371:379	arg1	disruption					328:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	2	2	theme	structure	371:379	arg1	loss					355:358	a potential loss	343:358	a potential loss of surface structure and composition	343:395	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	6	3	theme	freeze-thaw	872:882	arg1	cycle					895:899	the single freeze-thaw processing cycle	861:899	the single freeze-thaw processing cycle	861:899	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	2	4	theme	ECM	311:313	arg1	disruption					328:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	5	5	theme	extracellular	648:660	arg1	cryoprotectants					662:676	extracellular cryoprotectants	648:676	extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose)	648:699	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	1	6	theme	extracellular	152:164	arg1	ECM					174:176	ECM	174:176	ECM	174:176	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs.
25397955	1	6	theme	extracellular	152:164	arg1	matrix					166:171	the extracellular matrix	148:171	the extracellular matrix (ECM)	148:177	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs.
25397955	3	7	theme	chemical	480:487	arg1	agents					496:501	chemical lysing agents	480:501	chemical lysing agents	480:501	Freeze-thaw processing effectively lyses cells and permits to diminish amounts of chemical lysing agents henceforth.
25397955	5	8	theme	adverse	613:619	arg1	effects					621:627	these adverse effects	607:627	these adverse effects	607:627	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	6	9	theme	method	842:847	arg1	optimization					785:796	The original optimization	772:796	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution	772:955	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	1	10	theme	Biologic	108:115	arg1	materials					126:134	Biologic scaffold materials	108:134	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	108:177	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs.
25397955	3	11	theme	Freeze-thaw	398:408	arg1	processing					410:419	Freeze-thaw processing	398:419	Freeze-thaw processing	398:419	Freeze-thaw processing effectively lyses cells and permits to diminish amounts of chemical lysing agents henceforth.
25397955	5	12	dep	%	688:688	arg1	trehalose					690:698	trehalose	690:698	namely 5 % trehalose	679:698	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	6	13	theme	decellularization	824:840	arg1	method					842:847	the perfusion-mediated decellularization method	801:847	the perfusion-mediated decellularization method	801:847	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	1	14	theme	scaffold	117:124	arg1	materials					126:134	Biologic scaffold materials	108:134	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM)	108:177	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs.
25397955	0	15	theme	organ	14:18	arg1	matrix					34:39	organ extracellular matrix	14:39	organ extracellular matrix	14:39	Production of organ extracellular matrix using a freeze-thaw cycle employing extracellular cryoprotectants.
25397955	2	16	theme	architecture	315:326	arg1	disruption					328:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	6	17	with	perfusion	916:924	arg1	agents					940:945	chemical agents	931:945	chemical agents	931:945	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	3	18	theme	lysing	489:494	arg1	agents					496:501	chemical lysing agents	480:501	chemical lysing agents	480:501	Freeze-thaw processing effectively lyses cells and permits to diminish amounts of chemical lysing agents henceforth.
25397955	0	19	theme	matrix	34:39	arg1	Production					0:9	Production	0:9	Production of organ extracellular matrix	0:39	Production of organ extracellular matrix using a freeze-thaw cycle employing extracellular cryoprotectants.
25397955	4	20	theme	ECM	566:568	arg1	ultrastructure					570:583	the ECM ultrastructure	562:583	the ECM ultrastructure	562:583	However, it also causes certain disruptions of the ECM ultrastructure.
25397955	5	21	theme	cell	760:763	arg1	lysis					765:769	the cell lysis	756:769	the cell lysis	756:769	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	6	22	theme	chemical	931:938	arg1	agents					940:945	chemical agents	931:945	chemical agents	931:945	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	0	23	theme	extracellular	20:32	arg1	matrix					34:39	organ extracellular matrix	14:39	organ extracellular matrix	14:39	Production of organ extracellular matrix using a freeze-thaw cycle employing extracellular cryoprotectants.
25397955	6	24	theme	perfusion-mediated	805:822	arg1	method					842:847	the perfusion-mediated decellularization method	801:847	the perfusion-mediated decellularization method	801:847	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	3	25	theme	agents	496:501	arg1	agents					496:501	chemical lysing agents	480:501	chemical lysing agents	480:501	Freeze-thaw processing effectively lyses cells and permits to diminish amounts of chemical lysing agents henceforth.
25397955	3	25	theme	agents	496:501	arg1	amounts					469:475	amounts	469:475	amounts of chemical lysing agents	469:501	Freeze-thaw processing effectively lyses cells and permits to diminish amounts of chemical lysing agents henceforth.
25397955	0	26	theme	freeze-thaw	49:59	arg1	cycle					61:65	a freeze-thaw cycle	47:65	a freeze-thaw cycle employing extracellular cryoprotectants	47:105	Production of organ extracellular matrix using a freeze-thaw cycle employing extracellular cryoprotectants.
25397955	6	27	theme	single	865:870	arg1	cycle					895:899	the single freeze-thaw processing cycle	861:899	the single freeze-thaw processing cycle	861:899	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	2	28	theme	surface	363:369	arg1	structure					371:379	surface structure	363:379	surface structure	363:379	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	5	29	theme	ECM	717:719	arg1	network					731:737	the ECM molecular network	713:737	the ECM molecular network	713:737	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	4	30	theme	ultrastructure	570:583	arg1	disruptions					547:557	certain disruptions	539:557	certain disruptions of the ECM ultrastructure	539:583	However, it also causes certain disruptions of the ECM ultrastructure.
25397955	5	31	theme	molecular	721:729	arg1	network					731:737	the ECM molecular network	713:737	the ECM molecular network	713:737	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	6	32	theme	subsequent	905:914	arg1	perfusion					916:924	subsequent perfusion	905:924	subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution	905:955	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	5	33	dep	cryoprotectants	662:676	arg1	%					688:688	namely 5 %	679:688	namely 5 % trehalose	679:698	In order to diminish these adverse effects we suggested using extracellular cryoprotectants (namely 5 % trehalose) to preserve the ECM molecular network without impeding the cell lysis.
25397955	2	34	theme	decellularization	271:287	arg1	methods					289:295	All decellularization methods	267:295	All decellularization methods	267:295	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	6	35	theme	original	776:783	arg1	optimization					785:796	The original optimization	772:796	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution	772:955	The original optimization of the perfusion-mediated decellularization method to comprise the single freeze-thaw processing cycle and subsequent perfusion with chemical agents' solution is presented here.
25397955	2	36	theme	potential	345:353	arg1	loss					355:358	a potential loss	343:358	a potential loss of surface structure and composition	343:395	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	1	37	theme	tissues	248:254	arg1	decellularization					227:243	decellularization	227:243	decellularization of tissues or organs	227:264	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs.
25397955	4	38	theme	certain	539:545	arg1	disruptions					547:557	certain disruptions	539:557	certain disruptions of the ECM ultrastructure	539:583	However, it also causes certain disruptions of the ECM ultrastructure.
25397955	2	39	theme	composition	385:395	arg1	disruption					328:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	the ECM architecture disruption	307:337	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	2	39	theme	composition	385:395	arg1	loss					355:358	a potential loss	343:358	a potential loss of surface structure and composition	343:395	All decellularization methods result in the ECM architecture disruption and a potential loss of surface structure and composition.
25397955	1	40	theme	organs	259:264	arg1	decellularization					227:243	decellularization	227:243	decellularization of tissues or organs	227:264	Biologic scaffold materials composed of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are typically derived by processes that involve decellularization of tissues or organs.
27753193	0	0	theme	biofilms	165:172	arg1	architectures					148:160	the three-dimensional architectures	126:160	the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189	126:207	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	4	1	theme	cyclic	664:669	arg1	GMP					679:681	cyclic dimeric GMP	664:681	cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP)	664:692	In addition, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) has been reported to positively regulate amylovoran biosynthesis and biofilm formation in E. amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	4	1	theme	cyclic	664:669	arg1	c-di-GMP					684:691	c-di-GMP	684:691	c-di-GMP	684:691	In addition, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) has been reported to positively regulate amylovoran biosynthesis and biofilm formation in E. amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	8	2	theme	biosynthesis	1500:1511	arg1	implications					1474:1485	the implications	1470:1485	the implications of cellulose biosynthesis	1470:1511	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	8	3	theme	main	1592:1595	arg1	phenotypes					1607:1616	the main virulence phenotypes	1588:1616	the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1588:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	5	4	theme	three-dimensional	920:936	arg1	characteristics					938:952	the three-dimensional characteristics	916:952	the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium	916:989	In this study, we demonstrate that cellulose is synthesized by E. amylovora Ea1189 and is a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium, and also contributes to virulence during systemic host invasion.
27753193	2	5	theme	vessel	504:509	arg1	plugging					511:518	vessel plugging	504:518	vessel plugging	504:518	Erwinia amylovora Ea1189 forms a biofilm inside the xylem of its host, which results in vessel plugging and water transport impairment.
27753193	8	6	from	architecture	1528:1539	arg1	expression					1567:1576	the expression	1563:1576	the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1563:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	8	7	theme	phenotypes	1607:1616	arg1	one					1581:1583	one	1581:1583	one	1581:1583	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	8	7	theme	phenotypes	1607:1616	arg1	phenotypes					1607:1616	the main virulence phenotypes	1588:1616	the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1588:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	2	8	dep	plugging	511:518	arg1	impairment					540:549	impairment	540:549	impairment	540:549	Erwinia amylovora Ea1189 forms a biofilm inside the xylem of its host, which results in vessel plugging and water transport impairment.
27753193	1	9	theme	nucleic	351:357	arg1	acids					359:363	nucleic acids	351:363	nucleic acids	351:363	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	1	9	theme	nucleic	351:357	arg1	matrix					286:291	an extracellular matrix	269:291	an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs)	269:336	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	7	10	from	player	1300:1305	arg1	activation					1319:1328	c-di-GMP activation	1310:1328	c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis	1310:1354	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	8	11	theme	virulence	1597:1605	arg1	phenotypes					1607:1616	the main virulence phenotypes	1588:1616	the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1588:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	8	12	theme	cellulose	1490:1498	arg1	biosynthesis					1500:1511	cellulose biosynthesis	1490:1511	cellulose biosynthesis	1490:1511	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	6	13	theme	subunit	1234:1240	arg1	BcsA					1242:1245	the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1210:1245	the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1210:1245	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	4	14	theme	amylovoran	735:744	arg1	biosynthesis					746:757	amylovoran biosynthesis	735:757	amylovoran biosynthesis	735:757	In addition, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) has been reported to positively regulate amylovoran biosynthesis and biofilm formation in E. amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	0	15	theme	virulence	77:85	arg1	production					10:19	Cellulose production	0:19	Cellulose production	0:19	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	0	15	theme	virulence	77:85	arg1	factor					87:92	a virulence factor	75:92	a virulence factor	75:92	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	6	16	theme	catalytic	1224:1232	arg1	BcsA					1242:1245	the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1210:1245	the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1210:1245	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	5	17	theme	characteristics	938:952	arg1	modulator					903:911	a major modulator	895:911	a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium	895:989	In this study, we demonstrate that cellulose is synthesized by E. amylovora Ea1189 and is a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium, and also contributes to virulence during systemic host invasion.
27753193	7	18	theme	key	1296:1298	arg1	player					1300:1305	a key player	1294:1305	a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis	1294:1354	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	7	18	theme	key	1296:1298	arg1	BcsZ					1286:1289	the endoglucanase BcsZ	1268:1289	the endoglucanase BcsZ	1268:1289	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	6	19	theme	cellulose	1214:1222	arg1	BcsA					1242:1245	the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1210:1245	the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1210:1245	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	6	20	theme	biosynthesis	1118:1129	arg1	process					1171:1177	a c-di-GMP-dependent process	1150:1177	a c-di-GMP-dependent process	1150:1177	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	6	20	theme	biosynthesis	1118:1129	arg1	activation					1094:1103	the activation	1090:1103	the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora	1090:1145	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	8	21	theme	one	1581:1583	arg1	expression					1567:1576	the expression	1563:1576	the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1563:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	3	22	dep	EPSs	574:577	arg1	EPSs					574:577	the EPSs amylovoran and levan	570:598	the EPSs amylovoran and levan	570:598	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	3	22	dep	EPSs	574:577	arg1	levan					594:598	levan	594:598	levan	594:598	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	3	22	dep	EPSs	574:577	arg1	amylovoran					579:588	amylovoran	579:588	amylovoran	579:588	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	0	23	theme	Cellulose	0:8	arg1	production					10:19	Cellulose production	0:19	Cellulose production	0:19	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	0	23	theme	Cellulose	0:8	arg1	factor					87:92	a virulence factor	75:92	a virulence factor	75:92	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	1	24	theme	extracellular	272:284	arg1	protein					339:345	protein	339:345	protein	339:345	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	1	24	theme	extracellular	272:284	arg1	acids					359:363	nucleic acids	351:363	nucleic acids	351:363	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	1	24	theme	extracellular	272:284	arg1	matrix					286:291	an extracellular matrix	269:291	an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs)	269:336	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	6	25	theme	cellulose	1108:1116	arg1	biosynthesis					1118:1129	cellulose biosynthesis	1108:1129	cellulose biosynthesis	1108:1129	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	8	26	theme	composition	1401:1411	arg1	evidence					1377:1384	evidence	1377:1384	evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1377:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	5	27	theme	major	897:901	arg1	modulator					903:911	a major modulator	895:911	a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium	895:989	In this study, we demonstrate that cellulose is synthesized by E. amylovora Ea1189 and is a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium, and also contributes to virulence during systemic host invasion.
27753193	6	28	from	activation	1094:1103	arg1	amylovora					1137:1145	amylovora	1137:1145	amylovora	1137:1145	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	2	29	theme	water	524:528	arg1	transport					530:538	water transport	524:538	water transport	524:538	Erwinia amylovora Ea1189 forms a biofilm inside the xylem of its host, which results in vessel plugging and water transport impairment.
27753193	7	30	theme	endoglucanase	1272:1284	arg1	player					1300:1305	a key player	1294:1305	a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis	1294:1354	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	7	30	theme	endoglucanase	1272:1284	arg1	BcsZ					1286:1289	the endoglucanase BcsZ	1268:1289	the endoglucanase BcsZ	1268:1289	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	0	31	theme	cyclic	35:40	arg1	di-GMP					42:47	cyclic di-GMP	35:47	cyclic di-GMP	35:47	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	5	32	theme	systemic	1033:1040	arg1	invasion					1047:1054	systemic host invasion	1033:1054	systemic host invasion	1033:1054	In this study, we demonstrate that cellulose is synthesized by E. amylovora Ea1189 and is a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium, and also contributes to virulence during systemic host invasion.
27753193	3	33	theme	EPSs	574:577	arg1	critical					603:610	critical	603:610	critical	603:610	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	3	33	theme	EPSs	574:577	arg1	production					556:565	The production	552:565	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan	552:598	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	0	34	theme	essential	101:109	arg1	determinant					111:121	an essential determinant	98:121	an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189	98:207	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	5	35	theme	host	1042:1045	arg1	invasion					1047:1054	systemic host invasion	1033:1054	systemic host invasion	1033:1054	In this study, we demonstrate that cellulose is synthesized by E. amylovora Ea1189 and is a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium, and also contributes to virulence during systemic host invasion.
27753193	8	36	theme	biofilm	1548:1554	arg1	architecture					1528:1539	the architecture	1524:1539	the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1524:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	8	37	theme	extracellular	1420:1432	arg1	matrix					1434:1439	the extracellular matrix	1416:1439	the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1416:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	6	38	theme	allosteric	1188:1197	arg1	binding					1199:1205	allosteric binding	1188:1205	allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA	1188:1245	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	3	39	theme	biofilm	642:648	arg1	formation					620:628	the formation	616:628	the formation of a mature biofilm	616:648	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	7	40	theme	cellulose	1333:1341	arg1	biosynthesis					1343:1354	cellulose biosynthesis	1333:1354	cellulose biosynthesis	1333:1354	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	4	41	theme	dimeric	671:677	arg1	GMP					679:681	cyclic dimeric GMP	664:681	cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP)	664:692	In addition, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) has been reported to positively regulate amylovoran biosynthesis and biofilm formation in E. amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	4	41	theme	dimeric	671:677	arg1	c-di-GMP					684:691	c-di-GMP	684:691	c-di-GMP	684:691	In addition, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) has been reported to positively regulate amylovoran biosynthesis and biofilm formation in E. amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	8	42	theme	complex	1393:1399	arg1	composition					1401:1411	the complex composition	1389:1411	the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1389:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	0	43	theme	architectures	148:160	arg1	determinant					111:121	an essential determinant	98:121	an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189	98:207	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	0	43	theme	architectures	148:160	arg1	production					10:19	Cellulose production	0:19	Cellulose production	0:19	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	0	43	theme	architectures	148:160	arg1	factor					87:92	a virulence factor	75:92	a virulence factor	75:92	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	1	44	theme	biofilm	407:413	arg1	architecture					387:398	the architecture	383:398	the architecture of the biofilm	383:413	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	7	45	theme	c-di-GMP	1310:1317	arg1	activation					1319:1328	c-di-GMP activation	1310:1328	c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis	1310:1354	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	1	46	theme	Bacterial	210:218	arg1	biofilms					220:227	Bacterial biofilms	210:227	Bacterial biofilms	210:227	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	1	46	theme	Bacterial	210:218	arg1	aggregates					247:256	multicellular aggregates	233:256	multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm	233:413	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	0	47	theme	three-dimensional	130:146	arg1	architectures					148:160	the three-dimensional architectures	126:160	the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189	126:207	Cellulose production, activated by cyclic di-GMP through BcsA and BcsZ, is a virulence factor and an essential determinant of the three-dimensional architectures of biofilms formed by Erwinia amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	5	48	theme	biofilms	957:964	arg1	characteristics					938:952	the three-dimensional characteristics	916:952	the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium	916:989	In this study, we demonstrate that cellulose is synthesized by E. amylovora Ea1189 and is a major modulator of the three-dimensional characteristics of biofilms formed by this bacterium, and also contributes to virulence during systemic host invasion.
27753193	7	49	theme	biosynthesis	1343:1354	arg1	activation					1319:1328	c-di-GMP activation	1310:1328	c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis	1310:1354	We also report that the endoglucanase BcsZ is a key player in c-di-GMP activation of cellulose biosynthesis.
27753193	8	50	theme	matrix	1434:1439	arg1	composition					1401:1411	the complex composition	1389:1411	the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1389:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	3	51	theme	mature	635:640	arg1	biofilm					642:648	a mature biofilm	633:648	a mature biofilm	633:648	The production of the EPSs amylovoran and levan is critical for the formation of a mature biofilm.
27753193	6	52	theme	c-di-GMP-dependent	1152:1169	arg1	process					1171:1177	a c-di-GMP-dependent process	1150:1177	a c-di-GMP-dependent process	1150:1177	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	6	52	theme	c-di-GMP-dependent	1152:1169	arg1	activation					1094:1103	the activation	1090:1103	the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora	1090:1145	In addition, we demonstrate that the activation of cellulose biosynthesis in E. amylovora is a c-di-GMP-dependent process, through allosteric binding to the cellulose catalytic subunit BcsA.
27753193	8	53	theme	pathogen	1626:1633	arg1	phenotypes					1607:1616	the main virulence phenotypes	1588:1616	the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen	1588:1633	Our results provide evidence of the complex composition of the extracellular matrix produced by E. amylovora and the implications of cellulose biosynthesis in shaping the architecture of the biofilm and in the expression of one of the main virulence phenotypes of this pathogen.
27753193	2	54	theme	host	481:484	arg1	xylem					468:472	the xylem	464:472	the xylem of its host, which results in vessel plugging and water transport impairment	464:549	Erwinia amylovora Ea1189 forms a biofilm inside the xylem of its host, which results in vessel plugging and water transport impairment.
27753193	4	55	theme	biofilm	763:769	arg1	formation					771:779	biofilm formation	763:779	biofilm formation	763:779	In addition, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) has been reported to positively regulate amylovoran biosynthesis and biofilm formation in E. amylovora Ea1189.
27753193	1	56	theme	multicellular	233:245	arg1	biofilms					220:227	Bacterial biofilms	210:227	Bacterial biofilms	210:227	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27753193	1	56	theme	multicellular	233:245	arg1	aggregates					247:256	multicellular aggregates	233:256	multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm	233:413	Bacterial biofilms are multicellular aggregates encased in an extracellular matrix mainly composed of exopolysaccharides (EPSs), protein and nucleic acids, which determines the architecture of the biofilm.
27977698	12	0	theme	plant	2056:2060	arg1	mechanics					2072:2080	plant cell wall mechanics	2056:2080	plant cell wall mechanics	2056:2080	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	0	theme	plant	2056:2060	arg1	growth					2097:2102	growth	2097:2102	growth	2097:2102	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	0	theme	plant	2056:2060	arg1	synthesis					2083:2091	synthesis	2083:2091	synthesis	2083:2091	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	6	1	theme	geometrical	863:873	arg1	density					897:903	hypocotyl density	887:903	hypocotyl density	887:903	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	6	1	theme	geometrical	863:873	arg1	content					919:925	cellulose content	909:925	cellulose content	909:925	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	6	1	theme	geometrical	863:873	arg1	traits					941:946	individual traits	930:946	individual traits	930:946	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	6	1	theme	geometrical	863:873	arg1	parameters					875:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	5	2	from	series	677:682	arg1	batches					721:727	two different seed batches	702:727	two different seed batches	702:727	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	12	3	theme	current	2016:2022	arg1	questions					2035:2043	current and future questions	2016:2043	current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth	2016:2102	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	4	theme	future	2028:2033	arg1	questions					2035:2043	current and future questions	2016:2043	current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth	2016:2102	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	10	5	theme	sampling	1518:1525	arg1	parameters					1527:1536	equally applicable sampling parameters	1499:1536	equally applicable sampling parameters	1499:1536	The evaluation whether the choice-age or length-influences the mechanical properties showed that both are equally applicable sampling parameters.
27977698	10	5	theme	sampling	1518:1525	arg1	both					1490:1493	both	1490:1493	both	1490:1493	The evaluation whether the choice-age or length-influences the mechanical properties showed that both are equally applicable sampling parameters.
27977698	5	6	theme	old	799:801	arg1	hypocotyls					825:834	4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	788:834	4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	788:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	7	7	theme	non-growing	1051:1061	arg1	region					1063:1068	the non-growing region	1047:1068	the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants	1047:1095	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	5	8	theme	Arabidopsis	813:823	arg1	hypocotyls					825:834	4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	788:834	4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	788:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	12	9	dep	allows	1893:1898	arg1	emphasizing					1904:1914	emphasizing	1904:1914	emphasizing	1904:1914	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	9	dep	allows	1893:1898	arg1	presenting					1964:1973	presenting	1964:1973	presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies	1964:2154	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	9	dep	allows	1893:1898	arg1	discussing					1920:1929	discussing	1920:1929	discussing experimental limitations	1920:1954	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	11	10	theme	cell	1776:1779	arg1	growth					1786:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	2	11	theme	wall	298:301	arg1	level					303:307	the cell wall level	289:307	the cell wall level	289:307	However, it still remains difficult to assess the relation between physiological properties and mechanical function at the cell wall level.
27977698	6	12	theme	cellulose	909:917	arg1	content					919:925	cellulose content	909:925	cellulose content	909:925	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	6	12	theme	cellulose	909:917	arg1	parameters					875:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	12	13	theme	biology	2134:2140	arg1	methodologies					2142:2154	molecular biology methodologies	2124:2154	molecular biology methodologies	2124:2154	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	7	14	theme	mechanical	1022:1031	arg1	parameters					1033:1042	the mechanical parameters	1018:1042	the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants	1018:1095	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	5	15	theme	growth	773:778	arg1	zone					780:783	the growth zone	769:783	the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	769:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	12	16	theme	wide	1977:1980	arg1	range					1982:1986	a wide range	1975:1986	a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies	1975:2154	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	11	17	from	knowledge	1713:1721	arg1	biochemistry					1726:1737	biochemistry	1726:1737	biochemistry	1726:1737	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	11	17	from	knowledge	1713:1721	arg1	genetics					1743:1750	genetics	1743:1750	genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth	1743:1791	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	5	18	from	batches	721:727	arg1	series					677:682	a series	675:682	a series of experiments on two different seed batches	675:727	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	1	19	theme	cell	119:122	arg1	formation					129:137	primary cell wall formation	111:137	primary cell wall formation	111:137	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	7	20	theme	significant	991:1001	arg1	differences					1003:1013	No significant differences	988:1013	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants	988:1095	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	3	21	theme	fragile	323:329	arg1	structure					331:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	12	22	theme	wall	2067:2070	arg1	mechanics					2072:2080	plant cell wall mechanics	2056:2080	plant cell wall mechanics	2056:2080	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	22	theme	wall	2067:2070	arg1	growth					2097:2102	growth	2097:2102	growth	2097:2102	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	22	theme	wall	2067:2070	arg1	synthesis					2083:2091	synthesis	2083:2091	synthesis	2083:2091	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	5	23	theme	seed	716:719	arg1	batches					721:727	two different seed batches	702:727	two different seed batches	702:727	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	2	24	theme	physiological	237:249	arg1	properties					251:260	physiological properties	237:260	physiological properties	237:260	However, it still remains difficult to assess the relation between physiological properties and mechanical function at the cell wall level.
27977698	2	25	from	level	303:307	arg1	relation					220:227	the relation	216:227	the relation between physiological properties and mechanical function at the cell wall level	216:307	However, it still remains difficult to assess the relation between physiological properties and mechanical function at the cell wall level.
27977698	3	26	theme	thin	314:317	arg1	structure					331:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	11	27	theme	primary	1762:1768	arg1	growth					1786:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	7	28	theme	ultimate	1167:1174	arg1	stress					1184:1189	ultimate tensile stress	1167:1189	ultimate tensile stress	1167:1189	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	3	29	theme	cell	352:355	arg1	walls					357:361	primary cell walls	344:361	primary cell walls	344:361	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	10	30	dep	choice-age	1420:1429	arg1	properties					1467:1476	the mechanical properties	1452:1476	the mechanical properties	1452:1476	The evaluation whether the choice-age or length-influences the mechanical properties showed that both are equally applicable sampling parameters.
27977698	4	31	from	data	554:557	arg1	literature					566:575	the literature	562:575	the literature	562:575	Since, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reliable data in the literature about how the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls change with age.
27977698	3	32	theme	large	373:377	arg1	variability					390:400	their large biological variability	367:400	their large biological variability	367:400	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	7	33	theme	tensile	1176:1182	arg1	stress					1184:1189	ultimate tensile stress	1167:1189	ultimate tensile stress	1167:1189	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	7	34	theme	old	1129:1131	arg1	plants					1133:1138	4 day old plants	1123:1138	4 day old plants	1123:1138	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	8	35	theme	old	1330:1332	arg1	seedlings					1334:1342	5, 6 and 7 day old seedlings	1315:1342	5, 6 and 7 day old seedlings	1315:1342	Furthermore hypocotyl diameters and densities remain almost the same for 5, 6 and 7 day old seedlings.
27977698	12	36	theme	Arabidopsis	1870:1880	arg1	hypocotyls					1882:1891	living Arabidopsis hypocotyls	1863:1891	living Arabidopsis hypocotyls	1863:1891	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	3	37	theme	variability	390:400	arg1	structure					331:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	11	38	dep	mechanics	1645:1653	arg1	age					1669:1671	age	1669:1671	age	1669:1671	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	12	39	theme	different	1817:1825	arg1	devices					1843:1849	two different micromechanical devices	1813:1849	two different micromechanical devices	1813:1849	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	40	theme	devices	1843:1849	arg1	application					1798:1808	The application	1794:1808	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls	1794:1891	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	10	41	theme	applicable	1507:1516	arg1	parameters					1527:1536	equally applicable sampling parameters	1499:1536	equally applicable sampling parameters	1499:1536	The evaluation whether the choice-age or length-influences the mechanical properties showed that both are equally applicable sampling parameters.
27977698	10	41	theme	applicable	1507:1516	arg1	both					1490:1493	both	1490:1493	both	1490:1493	The evaluation whether the choice-age or length-influences the mechanical properties showed that both are equally applicable sampling parameters.
27977698	7	42	theme	old	1086:1088	arg1	plants					1090:1095	5-7 day old plants	1078:1095	5-7 day old plants	1078:1095	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	12	43	with	combination	2107:2117	arg1	methodologies					2142:2154	molecular biology methodologies	2124:2154	molecular biology methodologies	2124:2154	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	11	44	theme	biological	1601:1610	arg1	variability					1612:1622	biological variability	1601:1622	biological variability	1601:1622	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	2	45	theme	cell	293:296	arg1	level					303:307	the cell wall level	289:307	the cell wall level	289:307	However, it still remains difficult to assess the relation between physiological properties and mechanical function at the cell wall level.
27977698	9	46	theme	hypocotyl	1356:1364	arg1	lengths					1366:1372	hypocotyl lengths	1356:1372	hypocotyl lengths	1356:1372	Naturally, hypocotyl lengths increase with age.
27977698	7	47	theme	region	1063:1068	arg1	parameters					1033:1042	the mechanical parameters	1018:1042	the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants	1018:1095	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	5	48	dep	region	756:761	arg1	zone					780:783	the growth zone	769:783	the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	769:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	4	49	theme	zone	625:628	arg1	properties					591:600	the properties	587:600	the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls	587:642	Since, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reliable data in the literature about how the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls change with age.
27977698	5	50	theme	etiolated	803:811	arg1	hypocotyls					825:834	4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	788:834	4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	788:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	6	51	theme	individual	930:939	arg1	traits					941:946	individual traits	930:946	individual traits	930:946	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	6	51	theme	individual	930:939	arg1	parameters					875:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	4	52	theme	hypocotyls	633:642	arg1	zone					625:628	the fully elongated zone	605:628	the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls	605:642	Since, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reliable data in the literature about how the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls change with age.
27977698	7	53	theme	parameters	1033:1042	arg1	differences					1003:1013	No significant differences	988:1013	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants	988:1095	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	12	54	theme	possibilities	1991:2003	arg1	range					1982:1986	a wide range	1975:1986	a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies	1975:2154	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	11	55	theme	wall	1781:1784	arg1	growth					1786:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	12	56	theme	molecular	2124:2132	arg1	methodologies					2142:2154	molecular biology methodologies	2124:2154	molecular biology methodologies	2124:2154	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	5	57	from	experiments	687:697	arg1	batches					721:727	two different seed batches	702:727	two different seed batches	702:727	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	1	58	theme	primary	111:117	arg1	formation					129:137	primary cell wall formation	111:137	primary cell wall formation	111:137	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	6	59	theme	hypocotyl	887:895	arg1	density					897:903	hypocotyl density	887:903	hypocotyl density	887:903	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	6	59	theme	hypocotyl	887:895	arg1	parameters					875:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	geometrical parameters	863:884	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	2	60	theme	mechanical	266:275	arg1	function					277:284	mechanical function	266:284	mechanical function	266:284	However, it still remains difficult to assess the relation between physiological properties and mechanical function at the cell wall level.
27977698	1	61	theme	wall	124:127	arg1	formation					129:137	primary cell wall formation	111:137	primary cell wall formation	111:137	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	8	62	theme	hypocotyl	1254:1262	arg1	diameters					1264:1272	hypocotyl diameters	1254:1272	hypocotyl diameters	1254:1272	Furthermore hypocotyl diameters and densities remain almost the same for 5, 6 and 7 day old seedlings.
27977698	5	63	theme	different	706:714	arg1	batches					721:727	two different seed batches	702:727	two different seed batches	702:727	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	5	64	theme	hypocotyls	825:834	arg1	zone					780:783	the growth zone	769:783	the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	769:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	6	65	theme	tissue	970:975	arg1	mechanics					977:985	tissue mechanics	970:985	tissue mechanics	970:985	Additionally, we analysed geometrical parameters, hypocotyl density and cellulose content as individual traits and their relation to tissue mechanics.
27977698	12	66	theme	cell	2062:2065	arg1	mechanics					2072:2080	plant cell wall mechanics	2056:2080	plant cell wall mechanics	2056:2080	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	66	theme	cell	2062:2065	arg1	growth					2097:2102	growth	2097:2102	growth	2097:2102	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	12	66	theme	cell	2062:2065	arg1	synthesis					2083:2091	synthesis	2083:2091	synthesis	2083:2091	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	5	67	theme	experiments	687:697	arg1	series					677:682	a series	675:682	a series of experiments on two different seed batches	675:727	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	12	68	theme	experimental	1931:1942	arg1	limitations					1944:1954	experimental limitations	1931:1954	experimental limitations	1931:1954	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	0	69	from	Effects	4:10	arg1	Mechanics					25:33	Hypocotyl Mechanics	15:33	Hypocotyl Mechanics	15:33	Age Effects on Hypocotyl Mechanics.
27977698	11	70	theme	plant	1770:1774	arg1	growth					1786:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	primary plant cell wall growth	1762:1791	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	7	71	theme	tensile	1145:1151	arg1	stiffness					1153:1161	tensile stiffness	1145:1161	tensile stiffness	1145:1161	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	3	72	theme	walls	357:361	arg1	structure					331:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	1	73	from	alteration	143:152	arg1	Arabidopsis					157:167	Arabidopsis	157:167	Arabidopsis	157:167	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	3	74	theme	primary	344:350	arg1	walls					357:361	primary cell walls	344:361	primary cell walls	344:361	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	1	75	from	formation	129:137	arg1	Arabidopsis					157:167	Arabidopsis	157:167	Arabidopsis	157:167	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	1	76	theme	molecular	79:87	arg1	processes					89:97	molecular processes	79:97	molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis	79:167	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	3	77	theme	biological	379:388	arg1	variability					390:400	their large biological variability	367:400	their large biological variability	367:400	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	3	78	theme	structural	421:430	arg1	changes					432:438	structural changes	421:438	structural changes during growth	421:452	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	0	79	theme	Hypocotyl	15:23	arg1	Mechanics					25:33	Hypocotyl Mechanics	15:33	Hypocotyl Mechanics	15:33	Age Effects on Hypocotyl Mechanics.
27977698	1	80	theme	Numerous	36:43	arg1	studies					45:51	Numerous studies	36:51	Numerous studies	36:51	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	12	81	theme	living	1863:1868	arg1	hypocotyls					1882:1891	living Arabidopsis hypocotyls	1863:1891	living Arabidopsis hypocotyls	1863:1891	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	4	82	theme	reliable	545:552	arg1	data					554:557	no reliable data	542:557	no reliable data in the literature about how the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls change with age	542:658	Since, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reliable data in the literature about how the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls change with age.
27977698	3	83	theme	mechanical	460:469	arg1	experiments					471:481	mechanical experiments	460:481	mechanical experiments	460:481	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	5	84	theme	tensile	733:739	arg1	properties					741:750	the tensile properties	729:750	the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls	729:834	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	4	85	theme	elongated	615:623	arg1	zone					625:628	the fully elongated zone	605:628	the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls	605:642	Since, to the best of our knowledge, there is no reliable data in the literature about how the properties of the fully elongated zone of hypocotyls change with age.
27977698	3	86	theme	related	410:416	arg1	structure					331:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure	310:339	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	11	87	theme	detailed	1557:1564	arg1	study					1566:1570	our detailed study	1553:1570	our detailed study	1553:1570	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
27977698	12	88	theme	micromechanical	1827:1841	arg1	devices					1843:1849	two different micromechanical devices	1813:1849	two different micromechanical devices	1813:1849	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	7	89	theme	older	1228:1232	arg1	plants					1234:1239	the older plants	1224:1239	the older plants	1224:1239	No significant differences of the mechanical parameters of the non-growing region between 5-7 day old plants could be found whereas in 4 day old plants both tensile stiffness and ultimate tensile stress were significantly lower than in the older plants.
27977698	10	90	theme	mechanical	1456:1465	arg1	properties					1467:1476	the mechanical properties	1452:1476	the mechanical properties	1452:1476	The evaluation whether the choice-age or length-influences the mechanical properties showed that both are equally applicable sampling parameters.
27977698	5	91	dep	7	793:793	arg1	to					790:791	to	790:791	to	790:791	We studied in a series of experiments on two different seed batches the tensile properties the region below the growth zone of 4 to 7 day old etiolated Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
27977698	12	92	theme	related	2045:2051	arg1	questions					2035:2043	current and future questions	2016:2043	current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth	2016:2102	The application of two different micromechanical devices for testing living Arabidopsis hypocotyls allows for emphasizing and discussing experimental limitations and for presenting a wide range of possibilities to address current and future questions related to plant cell wall mechanics, synthesis and growth in combination with molecular biology methodologies.
27977698	3	93	dep	make	455:458	arg1	challenging					483:493	challenging	483:493	challenging	483:493	The thin and fragile structure of primary cell walls and their large biological variability, partly related to structural changes during growth, make mechanical experiments challenging.
27977698	1	94	with	deal	53:56	arg1	composition					63:73	composition	63:73	composition	63:73	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	1	94	with	deal	53:56	arg1	processes					89:97	molecular processes	79:97	molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis	79:167	Numerous studies deal with composition and molecular processes involved in primary cell wall formation and alteration in Arabidopsis.
27977698	11	95	theme	variability	1612:1622	arg1	estimation					1587:1596	the estimation	1583:1596	the estimation of biological variability	1583:1622	Additionally, our detailed study allows for the estimation of biological variability, connections between mechanics and hypocotyl age could be established and complement the knowledge on biochemistry and genetics affecting primary plant cell wall growth.
28645765	2	0	theme	PCL	441:443	arg1	fibers					445:450	electrospun PCL fibers	429:450	electrospun PCL fibers	429:450	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	1	1	theme	fibers	323:328	arg1	bioactivity					244:254	bioactivity	244:254	bioactivity	244:254	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	1	theme	fibers	323:328	arg1	effect					274:279	cell affinity effect	260:279	cell affinity effect	260:279	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	8	2	dep	proliferation	1309:1321	arg1	the					1300:1302	the	1300:1302	the	1300:1302	The results indicated that this modification could enhance the cell proliferation and antibacterial ability in comparison to the non-modified groups.
28645765	2	3	theme	present	338:344	arg1	study					346:350	the present study	334:350	the present study	334:350	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	0	4	theme	composite	75:83	arg1	fibers					85:90	composite fibers	75:90	composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	75:164	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	0	5	with	fibers	85:90	arg1	properties					155:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	1	6	theme	surface	171:177	arg1	one					195:197	one	195:197	one	195:197	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	6	theme	surface	171:177	arg1	modification					179:190	The surface modification	167:190	The surface modification	167:190	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	6	theme	surface	171:177	arg1	methods					221:227	the most effective methods	202:227	the most effective methods	202:227	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	7	theme	cell	260:263	arg1	effect					274:279	cell affinity effect	260:279	cell affinity effect	260:279	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	0	8	theme	enhanced	97:104	arg1	properties					155:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	5	9	theme	CS	897:898	arg1	modification					900:911	the CS modification	893:911	the CS modification	893:911	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	6	10	dep	wettability	1024:1034	arg1	the					1020:1022	the	1020:1022	the	1020:1022	The CS modification could effectively improve the wettability and bioactivity of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	1	11	theme	affinity	265:272	arg1	effect					274:279	cell affinity effect	260:279	cell affinity effect	260:279	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	7	12	theme	antibacterial	1147:1159	arg1	activity					1161:1168	the antibacterial activity	1143:1168	the antibacterial activity	1143:1168	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	3	13	theme	PCL	497:499	arg1	fibers					501:506	CS and PCL fibers	490:506	CS and PCL fibers	490:506	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	5	14	from	usability	937:945	arg1	applications					960:971	practical applications	950:971	practical applications	950:971	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	6	15	theme	fibers	1071:1076	arg1	bioactivity					1040:1050	bioactivity	1040:1050	bioactivity	1040:1050	The CS modification could effectively improve the wettability and bioactivity of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	6	15	theme	fibers	1071:1076	arg1	wettability					1024:1034	wettability	1024:1034	wettability	1024:1034	The CS modification could effectively improve the wettability and bioactivity of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	4	16	theme	charged	659:665	arg1	chitosan					667:674	the positively charged chitosan	644:674	the positively charged chitosan	644:674	In this way, the positively charged chitosan could be immobilized onto the surface of PCL fibers tightly by the electrostatic attraction.
28645765	7	17	theme	obtained	1123:1130	arg1	fibers					1132:1137	the obtained fibers	1119:1137	the obtained fibers	1119:1137	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	2	18	theme	cationic	370:377	arg1	chitosan					353:360	chitosan	353:360	chitosan (CS)	353:365	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	2	18	theme	cationic	370:377	arg1	polysaccharide					379:392	a cationic polysaccharide	368:392	a cationic polysaccharide	368:392	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	8	19	theme	cell	1304:1307	arg1	proliferation					1309:1321	cell proliferation	1304:1321	cell proliferation	1304:1321	The results indicated that this modification could enhance the cell proliferation and antibacterial ability in comparison to the non-modified groups.
28645765	0	20	theme	mechanical	106:115	arg1	properties					155:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	2	21	used	used	399:402	arg2	polysaccharide					379:392	a cationic polysaccharide	368:392	a cationic polysaccharide	368:392	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	2	21	used	used	399:402	arg2	chitosan					353:360	chitosan	353:360	chitosan (CS)	353:365	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	2	21	used	used	399:402	arg2	CS					363:364	CS	363:364	CS	363:364	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	3	22	theme	CS	490:491	arg1	fibers					501:506	CS and PCL fibers	490:506	CS and PCL fibers	490:506	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	0	23	theme	surface	9:15	arg1	/carbon					58:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	2	24	theme	electrospun	429:439	arg1	fibers					445:450	electrospun PCL fibers	429:450	electrospun PCL fibers	429:450	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	5	25	theme	fibers	875:880	arg1	strength					847:854	the mechanical strength	832:854	the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers	832:880	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	5	26	theme	CNTs	799:802	arg1	incorporation					782:794	the incorporation	778:794	the incorporation of CNTs	778:802	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	0	27	theme	Chitosan	0:7	arg1	/carbon					58:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	3	28	theme	charged	520:526	arg1	fibers					532:537	negatively charged PCL fibers	509:537	negatively charged PCL fibers	509:537	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	0	29	theme	electrospun	26:36	arg1	/carbon					58:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	1	30	theme	electrospun	284:294	arg1	poly					296:299	electrospun poly	284:299	electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers	284:328	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	30	theme	electrospun	284:294	arg1	ε-caprolactone					301:314	ε-caprolactone	301:314	ε-caprolactone	301:314	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	30	theme	electrospun	284:294	arg1	PCL					318:320	PCL	318:320	PCL	318:320	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	0	31	theme	proliferation	123:135	arg1	properties					155:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	0	32	theme	modified	17:24	arg1	/carbon					58:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	1	33	theme	poly	296:299	arg1	fibers					323:328	electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers	284:328	electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers	284:328	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	0	34	theme	cell	118:121	arg1	proliferation					123:135	cell proliferation	118:135	cell proliferation	118:135	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	3	35	theme	nanotubes	597:605	arg1	incorporation					560:572	the incorporation	556:572	the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers	556:628	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	5	36	theme	mechanical	836:845	arg1	strength					847:854	the mechanical strength	832:854	the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers	832:880	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	1	37	theme	most	206:209	arg1	methods					221:227	the most effective methods	202:227	the most effective methods	202:227	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	7	38	theme	cells	1110:1114	arg1	Cultivation					1079:1089	Cultivation	1079:1089	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity	1079:1168	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	0	39	theme	antibacterial	141:153	arg1	properties					155:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties	97:164	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	1	40	dep	bioactivity	244:254	arg1	the					240:242	the	240:242	the	240:242	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	5	41	theme	practical	950:958	arg1	applications					960:971	practical applications	950:971	practical applications	950:971	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	1	42	theme	effective	211:219	arg1	methods					221:227	the most effective methods	202:227	the most effective methods	202:227	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	0	43	theme	poly	38:41	arg1	/carbon					58:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	3	44	theme	acid-treated	577:588	arg1	nanotubes					597:605	acid-treated carbon nanotubes	577:605	acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs)	577:612	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	3	44	theme	acid-treated	577:588	arg1	CNTs					608:611	CNTs	608:611	CNTs	608:611	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	8	45	theme	non-modified	1370:1381	arg1	groups					1383:1388	the non-modified groups	1366:1388	the non-modified groups	1366:1388	The results indicated that this modification could enhance the cell proliferation and antibacterial ability in comparison to the non-modified groups.
28645765	1	46	theme	methods	221:227	arg1	one					195:197	one	195:197	one	195:197	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	46	theme	methods	221:227	arg1	modification					179:190	The surface modification	167:190	The surface modification	167:190	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	1	46	theme	methods	221:227	arg1	methods					221:227	the most effective methods	202:227	the most effective methods	202:227	The surface modification is one of the most effective methods to improve the bioactivity and cell affinity effect of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers.
28645765	7	47	theme	L929	1094:1097	arg1	cells					1110:1114	L929 fibroblast cells	1094:1114	L929 fibroblast cells	1094:1114	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	3	48	theme	carbon	590:595	arg1	nanotubes					597:605	acid-treated carbon nanotubes	577:605	acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs)	577:612	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	3	48	theme	carbon	590:595	arg1	CNTs					608:611	CNTs	608:611	CNTs	608:611	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	3	49	theme	PCL	528:530	arg1	fibers					532:537	negatively charged PCL fibers	509:537	negatively charged PCL fibers	509:537	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	6	50	theme	PCL	1067:1069	arg1	fibers					1071:1076	electrospun PCL fibers	1055:1076	electrospun PCL fibers	1055:1076	The CS modification could effectively improve the wettability and bioactivity of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	0	51	theme	ε-caprolactone	43:56	arg1	/carbon					58:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon	0:64	Chitosan surface modified electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube composite fibers with enhanced mechanical, cell proliferation and antibacterial properties.
28645765	7	52	from	Cultivation	1079:1089	arg1	activity					1161:1168	the antibacterial activity	1143:1168	the antibacterial activity	1143:1168	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	7	52	from	Cultivation	1079:1089	arg1	fibers					1132:1137	the obtained fibers	1119:1137	the obtained fibers	1119:1137	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	4	53	theme	electrostatic	743:755	arg1	attraction					757:766	the electrostatic attraction	739:766	the electrostatic attraction	739:766	In this way, the positively charged chitosan could be immobilized onto the surface of PCL fibers tightly by the electrostatic attraction.
28645765	8	54	from	ability	1341:1347	arg1	comparison					1352:1361	comparison	1352:1361	comparison to the non-modified groups	1352:1388	The results indicated that this modification could enhance the cell proliferation and antibacterial ability in comparison to the non-modified groups.
28645765	7	55	theme	chitosan	1218:1225	arg1	modification					1227:1238	chitosan modification	1218:1238	chitosan modification	1218:1238	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	7	56	theme	fibroblast	1099:1108	arg1	cells					1110:1114	L929 fibroblast cells	1094:1114	L929 fibroblast cells	1094:1114	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	4	57	theme	PCL	717:719	arg1	fibers					721:726	PCL fibers	717:726	PCL fibers	717:726	In this way, the positively charged chitosan could be immobilized onto the surface of PCL fibers tightly by the electrostatic attraction.
28645765	5	58	theme	electrospun	859:869	arg1	fibers					875:880	electrospun PCL fibers	859:880	electrospun PCL fibers	859:880	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	8	59	theme	antibacterial	1327:1339	arg1	ability					1341:1347	antibacterial ability	1327:1347	antibacterial ability	1327:1347	The results indicated that this modification could enhance the cell proliferation and antibacterial ability in comparison to the non-modified groups.
28645765	5	60	theme	PCL	871:873	arg1	fibers					875:880	electrospun PCL fibers	859:880	electrospun PCL fibers	859:880	Besides, the incorporation of CNTs could significantly improve the mechanical strength of electrospun PCL fibers even after the CS modification, which guaranteed their usability in practical applications.
28645765	7	61	theme	modification	1227:1238	arg1	influence					1205:1213	the influence	1201:1213	the influence of chitosan modification	1201:1238	Cultivation of L929 fibroblast cells on the obtained fibers and the antibacterial activity were both evaluated to discuss the influence of chitosan modification.
28645765	6	62	theme	CS	978:979	arg1	modification					981:992	The CS modification	974:992	The CS modification	974:992	The CS modification could effectively improve the wettability and bioactivity of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	3	63	theme	strong	463:468	arg1	interaction					470:480	strong interaction	463:480	strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers	463:506	To obtain strong interaction between CS and PCL fibers, negatively charged PCL fibers were prepared by the incorporation of acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the fibers.
28645765	8	64	from	proliferation	1309:1321	arg1	comparison					1352:1361	comparison	1352:1361	comparison to the non-modified groups	1352:1388	The results indicated that this modification could enhance the cell proliferation and antibacterial ability in comparison to the non-modified groups.
28645765	2	65	theme	fibers	445:450	arg1	surface					418:424	the surface	414:424	the surface of electrospun PCL fibers	414:450	In the present study, chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide, was used to modify the surface of electrospun PCL fibers.
28645765	4	66	theme	fibers	721:726	arg1	surface					706:712	the surface	702:712	the surface of PCL fibers	702:726	In this way, the positively charged chitosan could be immobilized onto the surface of PCL fibers tightly by the electrostatic attraction.
28645765	6	67	theme	electrospun	1055:1065	arg1	fibers					1071:1076	electrospun PCL fibers	1055:1076	electrospun PCL fibers	1055:1076	The CS modification could effectively improve the wettability and bioactivity of electrospun PCL fibers.
26140596	7	0	theme	immune	1175:1180	arg1	complexes					1182:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	7	1	dep	novel	1005:1009	arg1	endogenous					1012:1021	endogenous	1012:1021	endogenous	1012:1021	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	5	2	theme	threshold	778:786	arg1	requirement					788:798	the threshold requirement	774:798	the threshold requirement for BCR signaling	774:816	This elevates the threshold requirement for BCR signaling, resulting in B cell selection for higher affinity BCR.
26140596	0	3	theme	Vaccine	75:81	arg1	Efficacy					83:90	Influenza Vaccine Efficacy	65:90	Influenza Vaccine Efficacy	65:90	Anti-HA Glycoforms Drive B Cell Affinity Selection and Determine Influenza Vaccine Efficacy.
26140596	4	4	from	FcγRIIB	730:736	arg1	cells					753:757	activated B cells	741:757	activated B cells	741:757	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	3	5	theme	HA	498:499	arg1	subclass					506:513	anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass	478:513	anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass	478:513	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	5	6	theme	cell	834:837	arg1	selection					839:847	B cell selection	832:847	B cell selection for higher affinity BCR	832:871	This elevates the threshold requirement for BCR signaling, resulting in B cell selection for higher affinity BCR.
26140596	3	7	theme	Fc	519:520	arg1	glycans					522:528	Fc glycans	519:528	Fc glycans	519:528	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	6	8	theme	protective	912:921	arg1	IgGs					938:941	protective, high-affinity IgGs	912:941	protective, high-affinity IgGs	912:941	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
26140596	3	9	theme	glycans	522:528	arg1	regulation					464:473	regulation	464:473	regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans	464:528	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	2	10	theme	receptor	280:287	arg1	interactions					295:306	Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions	274:306	Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions	274:306	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	6	11	theme	conserved	955:963	arg1	stalk					965:969	the conserved stalk	951:969	the conserved stalk of the HA	951:979	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
26140596	1	12	from	selection	162:170	arg1	complexes					241:249	immune complexes	234:249	immune complexes (ICs)	234:255	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	12	from	selection	162:170	arg1	ICs					252:254	ICs	252:254	ICs	252:254	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	2	13	theme	Fc-Fc	274:278	arg1	receptor					280:287	Fc-Fc receptor	274:287	Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions	274:306	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	2	13	theme	Fc-Fc	274:278	arg1	FcR					290:292	FcR	290:292	FcR	290:292	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	1	14	theme	hypermutated	187:198	arg1	BCR					226:228	BCR	226:228	BCR	226:228	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	14	theme	hypermutated	187:198	arg1	receptors					215:223	B cell antigen receptors	200:223	somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR)	175:229	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	6	15	with	Immunization	874:885	arg1	ICs					899:901	sFc HA ICs	892:901	sFc HA ICs	892:901	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
26140596	4	16	theme	inhibitory	719:728	arg1	FcγRIIB					730:736	the inhibitory FcγRIIB	715:736	the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells	715:757	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	1	17	theme	B	200:200	arg1	BCR					226:228	BCR	226:228	BCR	226:228	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	17	theme	B	200:200	arg1	receptors					215:223	B cell antigen receptors	200:223	somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR)	175:229	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	7	18	dep	high-affinity	1091:1103	arg1	neutralizing					1114:1125	neutralizing	1114:1125	neutralizing	1114:1125	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	1	19	theme	cell	202:205	arg1	BCR					226:228	BCR	226:228	BCR	226:228	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	19	theme	cell	202:205	arg1	receptors					215:223	B cell antigen receptors	200:223	somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR)	175:229	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	0	20	theme	Anti-HA	0:6	arg1	Glycoforms					8:17	Anti-HA Glycoforms	0:17	Anti-HA Glycoforms	0:17	Anti-HA Glycoforms Drive B Cell Affinity Selection and Determine Influenza Vaccine Efficacy.
26140596	6	21	dep	protective	912:921	arg1	high-affinity					924:936	high-affinity	924:936	high-affinity	924:936	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
26140596	1	22	theme	Protective	93:102	arg1	vaccines					104:111	Protective vaccines	93:111	Protective vaccines	93:111	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	23	theme	antigen	207:213	arg1	BCR					226:228	BCR	226:228	BCR	226:228	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	23	theme	antigen	207:213	arg1	receptors					215:223	B cell antigen receptors	200:223	somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR)	175:229	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	0	24	theme	B	25:25	arg1	Selection					41:49	B Cell Affinity Selection	25:49	B Cell Affinity Selection	25:49	Anti-HA Glycoforms Drive B Cell Affinity Selection and Determine Influenza Vaccine Efficacy.
26140596	4	25	theme	FcR	687:689	arg1	CD23					691:694	the Type-II FcR CD23	675:694	the Type-II FcR CD23	675:694	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	7	26	theme	novel	1005:1009	arg1	pathway					1023:1029	a novel, endogenous pathway	1003:1029	a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes	1003:1190	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	7	27	theme	affinity	1035:1042	arg1	maturation					1044:1053	affinity maturation	1035:1053	affinity maturation	1035:1053	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	2	28	theme	glycan	386:391	arg1	composition					393:403	Fc glycan composition	383:403	Fc glycan composition	383:403	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	3	29	theme	virus	437:441	arg1	vaccination					443:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination	417:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination	417:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	30	theme	subclass	506:513	arg1	regulation					464:473	regulation	464:473	regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans	464:528	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	31	theme	response	607:614	arg1	quality					588:594	quality	588:594	quality of vaccine response	588:614	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	4	32	theme	affinity	645:652	arg1	selection					654:662	BCR affinity selection	641:662	BCR affinity selection	641:662	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	2	33	theme	Fc	383:384	arg1	composition					393:403	Fc glycan composition	383:403	Fc glycan composition	383:403	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	0	34	theme	Affinity	32:39	arg1	Selection					41:49	B Cell Affinity Selection	25:49	B Cell Affinity Selection	25:49	Anti-HA Glycoforms Drive B Cell Affinity Selection and Determine Influenza Vaccine Efficacy.
26140596	5	35	theme	affinity	860:867	arg1	BCR					869:871	higher affinity BCR	853:871	higher affinity BCR	853:871	This elevates the threshold requirement for BCR signaling, resulting in B cell selection for higher affinity BCR.
26140596	3	36	theme	glycans	563:569	arg1	abundance					536:544	abundance	536:544	abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response	536:614	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	37	theme	Trivalent	417:425	arg1	vaccination					443:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination	417:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination	417:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	0	38	theme	Cell	27:30	arg1	Selection					41:49	B Cell Affinity Selection	25:49	B Cell Affinity Selection	25:49	Anti-HA Glycoforms Drive B Cell Affinity Selection and Determine Influenza Vaccine Efficacy.
26140596	6	39	theme	HA	896:897	arg1	ICs					899:901	sFc HA ICs	892:901	sFc HA ICs	892:901	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
26140596	7	40	theme	high-affinity	1091:1103	arg1	antibodies					1127:1136	high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies	1091:1136	high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies	1091:1136	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	7	41	with	immunization	1146:1157	arg1	complexes					1182:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	5	42	theme	BCR	804:806	arg1	signaling					808:816	BCR signaling	804:816	BCR signaling	804:816	This elevates the threshold requirement for BCR signaling, resulting in B cell selection for higher affinity BCR.
26140596	3	43	gly	sialylated	549:558	arg1	glycans					563:569	sialylated Fc glycans	549:569	sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response	549:614	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	43	gly	sialylated	549:558	arg1	sFc					572:574	sFc	572:574	sFc	572:574	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	5	44	theme	B	832:832	arg1	selection					839:847	B cell selection	832:847	B cell selection for higher affinity BCR	832:871	This elevates the threshold requirement for BCR signaling, resulting in B cell selection for higher affinity BCR.
26140596	6	45	theme	HA	978:979	arg1	stalk					965:969	the conserved stalk	951:969	the conserved stalk of the HA	951:979	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
26140596	3	46	theme	vaccine	599:605	arg1	response					607:614	vaccine response	599:614	vaccine response	599:614	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	47	theme	sialylated	549:558	arg1	glycans					563:569	sialylated Fc glycans	549:569	sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response	549:614	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	47	theme	sialylated	549:558	arg1	sFc					572:574	sFc	572:574	sFc	572:574	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	5	48	theme	higher	853:858	arg1	BCR					869:871	higher affinity BCR	853:871	higher affinity BCR	853:871	This elevates the threshold requirement for BCR signaling, resulting in B cell selection for higher affinity BCR.
26140596	2	49	theme	IgG	366:368	arg1	subclass					370:377	IgG subclass	366:377	IgG subclass	366:377	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	3	50	theme	Fc	560:561	arg1	glycans					563:569	sialylated Fc glycans	549:569	sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response	549:614	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	3	50	theme	Fc	560:561	arg1	sFc					572:574	sFc	572:574	sFc	572:574	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	7	51	theme	sialylated	1164:1173	arg1	complexes					1182:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	3	52	theme	anti-hemagglutinin	478:495	arg1	subclass					506:513	anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass	478:513	anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass	478:513	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	4	53	theme	activated	741:749	arg1	cells					753:757	activated B cells	741:757	activated B cells	741:757	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	4	54	theme	Type-II	679:685	arg1	CD23					691:694	the Type-II FcR CD23	675:694	the Type-II FcR CD23	675:694	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	7	55	gly	sialylated	1164:1173	arg1	complexes					1182:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	sialylated immune complexes	1164:1190	These results reveal a novel, endogenous pathway for affinity maturation that can be exploited for eliciting high-affinity, broadly neutralizing antibodies through immunization with sialylated immune complexes.
26140596	2	56	theme	affinity	311:318	arg1	maturation					320:329	affinity maturation	311:329	affinity maturation	311:329	This implicates Fc-Fc receptor (FcR) interactions in affinity maturation, which, in turn, are determined by IgG subclass and Fc glycan composition within ICs.
26140596	1	57	theme	immune	234:239	arg1	complexes					241:249	immune complexes	234:249	immune complexes (ICs)	234:255	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	1	57	theme	immune	234:239	arg1	ICs					252:254	ICs	252:254	ICs	252:254	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	0	58	theme	Influenza	65:73	arg1	Efficacy					83:90	Influenza Vaccine Efficacy	65:90	Influenza Vaccine Efficacy	65:90	Anti-HA Glycoforms Drive B Cell Affinity Selection and Determine Influenza Vaccine Efficacy.
26140596	3	59	theme	influenza	427:435	arg1	vaccination					443:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination	417:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination	417:453	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	1	60	theme	receptors	215:223	arg1	selection					162:170	selection	162:170	selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs)	162:255	Protective vaccines elicit high-affinity, neutralizing antibodies by selection of somatically hypermutated B cell antigen receptors (BCR) on immune complexes (ICs).
26140596	4	61	theme	BCR	641:643	arg1	selection					654:662	BCR affinity selection	641:662	BCR affinity selection	641:662	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	4	62	theme	B	751:751	arg1	cells					753:757	activated B cells	741:757	activated B cells	741:757	We show that sFcs drive BCR affinity selection by binding the Type-II FcR CD23, thus upregulating the inhibitory FcγRIIB on activated B cells.
26140596	3	63	theme	IgG	502:504	arg1	subclass					506:513	anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass	478:513	anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass	478:513	Trivalent influenza virus vaccination elicited regulation of anti-hemagglutinin (HA) IgG subclass and Fc glycans, with abundance of sialylated Fc glycans (sFc) predicting quality of vaccine response.
26140596	6	64	theme	sFc	892:894	arg1	ICs					899:901	sFc HA ICs	892:901	sFc HA ICs	892:901	Immunization with sFc HA ICs elicited protective, high-affinity IgGs against the conserved stalk of the HA.
27207041	7	0	theme	genetic	1143:1149	arg1	toxicity					1151:1158	genetic toxicity	1143:1158	genetic toxicity	1143:1158	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	2	1	theme	calcium	361:367	arg1	sulfate					369:375	calcium sulfate	361:375	calcium sulfate	361:375	The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate may be further improved by doping with strontium ions.
27207041	4	2	from	chitosan	687:694	arg1	form					753:756	the form	749:756	the form	749:756	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	1	3	theme	biodegradability	250:265	arg1	benefits					238:245	the benefits	234:245	the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair	234:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	4	from	repair	319:324	arg1	history					296:302	a long history	289:302	a long history of use in bone repair	289:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	4	from	repair	319:324	arg1	biocompatibility					268:283	biocompatibility	268:283	biocompatibility	268:283	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	4	from	repair	319:324	arg1	biodegradability					250:265	biodegradability	250:265	biodegradability	250:265	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	6	5	theme	minimal	1026:1032	arg1	cytotoxicity					1034:1045	minimal cytotoxicity	1026:1045	minimal cytotoxicity	1026:1045	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	4	6	dep	bone	659:662	arg1	substitute					664:673	substitute	664:673	substitute	664:673	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	1	7	from	use	307:309	arg1	repair					319:324	bone repair	314:324	bone repair	314:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	8	theme	biocompatibility	268:283	arg1	benefits					238:245	the benefits	234:245	the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair	234:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	5	9	theme	ions	969:972	arg1	release					948:954	the sustained release	934:954	the sustained release of strontium ions	934:972	The developed microcapsules exhibited controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions.
27207041	4	10	theme	microcapsules	761:773	arg1	form					753:756	the form	749:756	the form	749:756	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	3	11	theme	bone	502:505	arg1	healing					507:513	bone healing	502:513	bone healing	502:513	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	4	12	theme	sulfate	726:732	arg1	hemihydrate					734:744	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	700:744	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	700:744	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	5	13	theme	sustained	938:946	arg1	release					948:954	the sustained release	934:954	the sustained release of strontium ions	934:972	The developed microcapsules exhibited controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions.
27207041	1	14	from	history	296:302	arg1	repair					319:324	bone repair	314:324	bone repair	314:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	8	15	theme	bone	1315:1318	arg1	repair					1320:1325	bone repair	1315:1325	bone repair	1315:1325	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	3	16	theme	material	530:537	arg1	degradation					539:549	substantial material degradation	518:549	substantial material degradation	518:549	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	1	17	theme	routine	182:188	arg1	use					199:201	routine clinical use	182:201	routine clinical use as a bone substitute	182:222	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	7	18	dep	In	1088:1089	arg1	vivo					1091:1094	vivo	1091:1094	vivo	1091:1094	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	8	19	theme	in	1362:1363	arg1	behaviour					1370:1378	favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1338:1378	suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1274:1378	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	4	20	theme	bone	842:845	arg1	healing					847:853	bone healing	842:853	bone healing	842:853	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	8	21	theme	favourable	1338:1347	arg1	behaviour					1370:1378	favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1338:1378	suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1274:1378	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	8	22	theme	hold	1385:1388	arg1	promise					1390:1396	hold promise	1385:1396	hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery	1385:1461	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	1	23	theme	clinical	190:197	arg1	use					199:201	routine clinical use	182:201	routine clinical use as a bone substitute	182:222	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	7	24	theme	microcapsules	1198:1210	arg1	potential					1181:1189	low inflammatory potential	1164:1189	low inflammatory potential	1164:1189	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	7	24	theme	microcapsules	1198:1210	arg1	toxicity					1151:1158	genetic toxicity	1143:1158	genetic toxicity	1143:1158	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	3	25	theme	substantial	518:528	arg1	degradation					539:549	substantial material degradation	518:549	substantial material degradation	518:549	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	7	26	theme	mouse	1109:1113	arg1	model					1115:1119	a mouse model	1107:1119	a mouse model	1107:1119	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	3	27	theme	healing	572:578	arg1	complete					591:598	complete	591:598	complete	591:598	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	3	27	theme	healing	572:578	arg1	process					580:586	the healing process	568:586	the healing process	568:586	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	0	28	theme	Novel	0:4	arg1	bone					6:9	Novel bone	0:9	Novel bone	0:9	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	7	29	theme	potential	1181:1189	arg1	absence					1132:1138	the absence	1128:1138	the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules	1128:1210	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	8	30	theme	degradation	1283:1293	arg1	characteristics					1295:1309	suitable degradation characteristics	1274:1309	suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1274:1378	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	5	31	theme	developed	860:868	arg1	microcapsules					870:882	The developed microcapsules	856:882	The developed microcapsules	856:882	The developed microcapsules exhibited controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions.
27207041	4	32	theme	healing	847:853	arg1	rate					834:837	the natural rate	822:837	the natural rate of bone healing	822:853	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	8	33	theme	orthopaedic	1443:1453	arg1	surgery					1455:1461	orthopaedic surgery	1443:1461	orthopaedic surgery	1443:1461	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	5	34	theme	controlled	894:903	arg1	degradation					905:915	controlled degradation	894:915	controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions	894:972	The developed microcapsules exhibited controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions.
27207041	1	35	theme	long	291:294	arg1	history					296:302	a long history	289:302	a long history of use in bone repair	289:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	36	from	biocompatibility	268:283	arg1	repair					319:324	bone repair	314:324	bone repair	314:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	5	37	theme	strontium	959:967	arg1	ions					969:972	strontium ions	959:972	strontium ions	959:972	The developed microcapsules exhibited controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions.
27207041	6	38	contain	had	1022:1024	arg1	microcapsules					1008:1020	the microcapsules	1004:1020	the microcapsules	1004:1020	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	6	38	contain	had	1022:1024	arg2	cytotoxicity					1034:1045	minimal cytotoxicity	1026:1045	minimal cytotoxicity	1026:1045	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	6	38	contain	had	1022:1024	arg2	ability					1051:1057	ability	1051:1057	ability to inhibit bacterial growth	1051:1085	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	1	39	theme	history	296:302	arg1	benefits					238:245	the benefits	234:245	the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair	234:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	8	40	dep	in	1349:1350	arg1	vitro					1352:1356	vitro	1352:1356	vitro	1352:1356	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	2	41	theme	strontium	416:424	arg1	ions					426:429	strontium ions	416:429	strontium ions	416:429	The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate may be further improved by doping with strontium ions.
27207041	7	42	theme	inflammatory	1168:1179	arg1	potential					1181:1189	low inflammatory potential	1164:1189	low inflammatory potential	1164:1189	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	4	43	theme	strontium-doped	700:714	arg1	hemihydrate					734:744	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	700:744	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	700:744	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	1	44	from	biodegradability	250:265	arg1	repair					319:324	bone repair	314:324	bone repair	314:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	3	45	theme	high	450:453	arg1	rate					467:470	the high degradation rate	446:470	the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate	446:489	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	4	46	theme	natural	826:832	arg1	rate					834:837	the natural rate	822:837	the natural rate of bone healing	822:853	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	1	47	theme	substitute	213:222	arg1	bone					208:211	a bone	206:211	a bone substitute	206:222	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	4	48	theme	composite	649:657	arg1	bone					659:662	a novel composite bone substitute	641:673	a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing	641:853	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	1	49	theme	use	307:309	arg1	history					296:302	a long history	289:302	a long history of use in bone repair	289:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	49	theme	use	307:309	arg1	biocompatibility					268:283	biocompatibility	268:283	biocompatibility	268:283	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	1	49	theme	use	307:309	arg1	biodegradability					250:265	biodegradability	250:265	biodegradability	250:265	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	0	50	theme	biocompatibility	142:157	arg1	evaluation					128:137	evaluation	128:137	evaluation	128:137	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	0	50	theme	biocompatibility	142:157	arg1	characterisation					107:122	characterisation	107:122	characterisation	107:122	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	0	50	theme	biocompatibility	142:157	arg1	Fabrication					94:104	Fabrication	94:104	Fabrication	94:104	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	8	51	theme	alternative	1412:1422	arg1	bone					1424:1427	an alternative bone	1409:1427	an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery	1409:1461	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	8	52	theme	in	1349:1350	arg1	behaviour					1370:1378	favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1338:1378	suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1274:1378	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	3	53	theme	degradation	455:465	arg1	rate					467:470	the high degradation rate	446:470	the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate	446:489	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	0	54	theme	strontium-doped	47:61	arg1	hemihydrate					81:91	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	47:91	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	47:91	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	6	55	theme	In	975:976	arg1	testing					984:990	In vitro testing	975:990	In vitro testing	975:990	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	6	56	dep	In	975:976	arg1	vitro					978:982	vitro	978:982	vitro	978:982	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	8	57	dep	in	1362:1363	arg1	vivo					1365:1368	vivo	1365:1368	vivo	1365:1368	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	4	58	theme	α-calcium	716:724	arg1	hemihydrate					734:744	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	700:744	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	700:744	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	7	59	theme	low	1164:1166	arg1	potential					1181:1189	low inflammatory potential	1164:1189	low inflammatory potential	1164:1189	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	1	60	theme	bone	314:317	arg1	repair					319:324	bone repair	314:324	bone repair	314:324	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	7	61	theme	In	1088:1089	arg1	testing					1096:1102	In vivo testing	1088:1102	In vivo testing in a mouse model	1088:1119	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	7	62	theme	toxicity	1151:1158	arg1	absence					1132:1138	the absence	1128:1138	the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules	1128:1210	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	2	63	theme	osteoconductive	331:345	arg1	properties					347:356	The osteoconductive properties	327:356	The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate	327:375	The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate may be further improved by doping with strontium ions.
27207041	4	64	from	hemihydrate	734:744	arg1	form					753:756	the form	749:756	the form	749:756	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	8	65	theme	novel	1217:1221	arg1	microcapsules					1223:1235	The novel microcapsules	1213:1235	The novel microcapsules developed in this study	1213:1259	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	3	66	theme	calcium	475:481	arg1	sulfate					483:489	calcium sulfate	475:489	calcium sulfate	475:489	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	8	67	dep	bone	1424:1427	arg1	substitute					1429:1438	substitute	1429:1438	substitute in orthopaedic surgery	1429:1461	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	0	68	dep	substitute	11:20	arg1	evaluation					128:137	evaluation	128:137	evaluation	128:137	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	0	68	dep	substitute	11:20	arg1	composed					22:29	composed	22:29	substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	11:91	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	0	68	dep	substitute	11:20	arg1	characterisation					107:122	characterisation	107:122	characterisation	107:122	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	0	68	dep	substitute	11:20	arg1	Fabrication					94:104	Fabrication	94:104	Fabrication	94:104	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	3	69	theme	sulfate	483:489	arg1	rate					467:470	the high degradation rate	446:470	the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate	446:489	Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete.
27207041	0	70	theme	sulfate	73:79	arg1	hemihydrate					81:91	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	47:91	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	47:91	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	6	71	theme	bacterial	1070:1078	arg1	growth					1080:1085	bacterial growth	1070:1085	bacterial growth	1070:1085	In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth.
27207041	7	72	from	testing	1096:1102	arg1	model					1115:1119	a mouse model	1107:1119	a mouse model	1107:1119	In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules.
27207041	1	73	theme	Calcium	160:166	arg1	sulfate					168:174	Calcium sulfate	160:174	Calcium sulfate	160:174	Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair.
27207041	4	74	theme	novel	643:647	arg1	bone					659:662	a novel composite bone substitute	641:673	a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing	641:853	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	4	75	theme	study	621:625	arg1	purpose					605:611	The purpose	601:611	The purpose of this study	601:625	The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing.
27207041	0	76	theme	α-calcium	63:71	arg1	hemihydrate					81:91	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	47:91	strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate	47:91	Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
27207041	8	77	theme	suitable	1274:1281	arg1	characteristics					1295:1309	suitable degradation characteristics	1274:1309	suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour	1274:1378	The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
27207041	2	78	theme	sulfate	369:375	arg1	properties					347:356	The osteoconductive properties	327:356	The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate	327:375	The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate may be further improved by doping with strontium ions.
26063865	9	0	dep	sensitivity	1087:1097	arg1	sensitivity					1203:1213	a sensitivity	1201:1213	a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively	1201:1273	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	13	1	theme	useful	1619:1624	arg1	LFA					1603:1605	LAM LFA	1599:1605	LAM LFA in CSF	1599:1612	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	13	1	theme	useful	1619:1624	arg1	tool					1648:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	2	2	theme	enzyme-linked	320:332	arg1	ELISA					355:359	ELISA	355:359	ELISA	355:359	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	2	theme	enzyme-linked	320:332	arg1	assay					348:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	316:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	316:360	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	6	3	theme	Xpert	822:826	arg1	cases					845:849	Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases	822:849	Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases	822:849	Accuracy parameters were calculated for histopathological TBM and also for the composite standard, including Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases.
26063865	10	4	theme	%	1307:1307	arg1	sensitivity					1290:1300	a sensitivity	1288:1300	a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48%	1288:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	10	4	theme	%	1307:1307	arg1	specificities					1371:1383	specificities	1371:1383	specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively	1371:1412	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	6	5	theme	Accuracy	713:720	arg1	parameters					722:731	Accuracy parameters	713:731	Accuracy parameters	713:731	Accuracy parameters were calculated for histopathological TBM and also for the composite standard, including Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases.
26063865	9	6	theme	%	1220:1220	arg1	sensitivity					1203:1213	a sensitivity	1201:1213	a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively	1201:1273	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	7	theme	%	1042:1042	arg1	%					1017:1017	100%	1014:1017	100%	1014:1017	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	7	theme	%	1042:1042	arg1	%					1047:1047	91%	1045:1047	91%	1045:1047	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	7	theme	%	1042:1042	arg1	%					1056:1056	87%	1054:1056	87%	1054:1056	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	7	theme	%	1042:1042	arg1	specificities					1023:1035	specificities	1023:1035	specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%	1023:1056	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	7	theme	%	1042:1042	arg1	%					1042:1042	87%	1040:1042	87%	1040:1042	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	2	8	theme	lipoarabinomannan	266:282	arg1	LFA					310:312	LFA	310:312	LFA	310:312	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	8	theme	lipoarabinomannan	266:282	arg1	assay					303:307	the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay	262:307	the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA)	262:313	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	1	9	theme	tuberculous	183:193	arg1	meningitis					195:204	tuberculous meningitis	183:204	tuberculous meningitis (TBM)	183:210	Point-of-care tests for tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are needed.
26063865	1	9	theme	tuberculous	183:193	arg1	TBM					207:209	TBM	207:209	TBM	207:209	Point-of-care tests for tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are needed.
26063865	11	10	theme	patients	1472:1479	arg1	patients					1472:1479	patients	1472:1479	patients	1472:1479	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	11	10	theme	patients	1472:1479	arg1	%					1467:1467	22% to 78%	1458:1467	22% to 78% of patients	1458:1479	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	3	11	theme	kin	528:530	arg1	next					520:523	next	520:523	next	520:523	We obtained written informed consent postmortem from the next of kin.
26063865	12	12	contain	have	1527:1530	arg1	tests					1521:1525	Point-of-care tests	1507:1525	Point-of-care tests	1507:1525	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	12	12	contain	have	1527:1530	arg2	accuracy					1537:1544	high accuracy	1532:1544	high accuracy	1532:1544	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	12	13	from	diagnosis	1549:1557	arg1	adults					1591:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	8	14	theme	%	913:913	arg1	MTB/RIF					989:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	14	theme	%	913:913	arg1	sensitivity					896:906	a sensitivity	894:906	a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM	894:948	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	14	theme	%	913:913	arg1	sensitivity					959:969	ELISA a sensitivity	951:969	ELISA a sensitivity of 43%	951:976	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	0	15	theme	Autopsy	120:126	arg1	Cohort					128:133	an Autopsy Cohort	117:133	an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	117:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	2	16	theme	lateral	290:296	arg1	LFA					310:312	LFA	310:312	LFA	310:312	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	16	theme	lateral	290:296	arg1	assay					303:307	the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay	262:307	the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA)	262:313	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	10	17	dep	%	1307:1307	arg1	sensitivity					1348:1358	a sensitivity	1346:1358	a sensitivity of 48%	1346:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	9	18	theme	LAM	1073:1075	arg1	LFA					1077:1079	LAM LFA	1073:1079	LAM LFA	1073:1079	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	19	theme	%	1250:1250	arg1	%					1259:1259	87%	1257:1259	87%	1257:1259	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	19	theme	%	1250:1250	arg1	%					1250:1250	91%	1248:1250	91%	1248:1250	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	19	theme	%	1250:1250	arg1	specificities					1226:1238	specificities	1226:1238	specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%	1226:1259	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	19	theme	%	1250:1250	arg1	%					1245:1245	70%	1243:1245	70%	1243:1245	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	19	theme	%	1250:1250	arg1	%					1220:1220	86%	1218:1220	86%	1218:1220	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	10	20	theme	ELISA	1340:1344	arg1	sensitivity					1290:1300	a sensitivity	1288:1300	a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48%	1288:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	10	20	theme	ELISA	1340:1344	arg1	specificities					1371:1383	specificities	1371:1383	specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively	1371:1412	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	0	21	theme	Adults	151:156	arg1	Cohort					128:133	an Autopsy Cohort	117:133	an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	117:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	9	22	theme	%	1259:1259	arg1	%					1259:1259	87%	1257:1259	87%	1257:1259	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	22	theme	%	1259:1259	arg1	%					1250:1250	91%	1248:1250	91%	1248:1250	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	22	theme	%	1259:1259	arg1	specificities					1226:1238	specificities	1226:1238	specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%	1226:1259	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	22	theme	%	1259:1259	arg1	%					1245:1245	70%	1243:1245	70%	1243:1245	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	22	theme	%	1259:1259	arg1	%					1220:1220	86%	1218:1220	86%	1218:1220	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	2	23	theme	adults	455:460	arg1	cohort					424:429	an autopsy cohort	413:429	an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	413:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	0	24	theme	Cerebrospinal	59:71	arg1	Fluid					73:77	Cerebrospinal Fluid	59:77	Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	59:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	11	25	dep	%	1467:1467	arg1	to					1462:1463	to	1462:1463	to	1462:1463	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	2	26	theme	diagnostic	239:248	arg1	accuracy					250:257	the diagnostic accuracy	235:257	the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	235:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	12	27	from	adults	1591:1596	arg1	diagnosis					1549:1557	diagnosis	1549:1557	diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults	1549:1596	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	28	theme	Ugandan	434:440	arg1	adults					455:460	Ugandan HIV-infected adults	434:460	Ugandan HIV-infected adults	434:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	29	from	fluid	398:402	arg1	cohort					424:429	an autopsy cohort	413:429	an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	413:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	8	30	theme	definite	919:926	arg1	TBM					946:948	definite histopathological TBM	919:948	definite histopathological TBM	919:948	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	0	31	from	Accuracy	0:7	arg1	Fluid					73:77	Cerebrospinal Fluid	59:77	Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	59:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	13	32	theme	diagnostic	1637:1646	arg1	LFA					1603:1605	LAM LFA	1599:1605	LAM LFA in CSF	1599:1612	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	13	32	theme	diagnostic	1637:1646	arg1	tool					1648:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	9	33	contain	had	1081:1083	arg2	sensitivity					1087:1097	a sensitivity	1085:1097	a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM	1085:1152	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	33	contain	had	1081:1083	arg1	LFA					1077:1079	LAM LFA	1073:1079	LAM LFA	1073:1079	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	33	contain	had	1081:1083	arg2	sensitivity					1163:1173	ELISA a sensitivity	1155:1173	ELISA a sensitivity of 38%	1155:1180	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	33	contain	had	1081:1083	arg2	MTB/RIF					1193:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	0	34	theme	Tuberculous	91:101	arg1	Meningitis					103:112	Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis	82:112	Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	82:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	10	35	contain	had	1284:1286	arg2	specificities					1371:1383	specificities	1371:1383	specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively	1371:1412	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	10	35	contain	had	1284:1286	arg1	LFA					1280:1282	LAM LFA	1276:1282	LAM LFA	1276:1282	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	10	35	contain	had	1284:1286	arg2	sensitivity					1290:1300	a sensitivity	1288:1300	a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48%	1288:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	12	36	from	TBM	1562:1564	arg1	adults					1591:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	9	37	theme	histopathological	1132:1148	arg1	TBM					1150:1152	definite and probable histopathological TBM	1110:1152	definite and probable histopathological TBM	1110:1152	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	38	theme	ELISA	951:955	arg1	sensitivity					959:969	ELISA a sensitivity	951:969	ELISA a sensitivity of 43%	951:976	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	2	39	theme	assay	303:307	arg1	accuracy					250:257	the diagnostic accuracy	235:257	the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	235:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	10	40	theme	%	1365:1365	arg1	sensitivity					1348:1358	a sensitivity	1346:1358	a sensitivity of 48%	1346:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	12	41	theme	deceased	1569:1576	arg1	adults					1591:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	13	42	from	LFA	1603:1605	arg1	CSF					1610:1612	CSF	1610:1612	CSF	1610:1612	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	2	43	from	accuracy	250:257	arg1	CSF					405:407	CSF	405:407	CSF	405:407	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	43	from	accuracy	250:257	arg1	fluid					398:402	cerebrospinal fluid	384:402	cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	384:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	44	theme	cerebrospinal	384:396	arg1	CSF					405:407	CSF	405:407	CSF	405:407	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	44	theme	cerebrospinal	384:396	arg1	fluid					398:402	cerebrospinal fluid	384:402	cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	384:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	0	45	theme	Lipoarabinomannan	12:28	arg1	Accuracy					0:7	Accuracy	0:7	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.	0:157	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	9	46	theme	a	1161:1161	arg1	sensitivity					1163:1173	ELISA a sensitivity	1155:1173	ELISA a sensitivity of 38%	1155:1180	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	2	47	theme	MTB/RIF	373:379	arg1	accuracy					250:257	the diagnostic accuracy	235:257	the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	235:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	0	48	theme	Xpert	34:38	arg1	Testing					48:54	Xpert MTB/RIF Testing	34:54	Xpert MTB/RIF Testing	34:54	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	10	49	theme	LAM	1276:1278	arg1	LFA					1280:1282	LAM LFA	1276:1282	LAM LFA	1276:1282	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	2	50	theme	LAM	316:318	arg1	ELISA					355:359	ELISA	355:359	ELISA	355:359	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	50	theme	LAM	316:318	arg1	assay					348:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	316:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	316:360	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	0	51	theme	Testing	48:54	arg1	Accuracy					0:7	Accuracy	0:7	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.	0:157	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	9	52	theme	%	1180:1180	arg1	MTB/RIF					1193:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	52	theme	%	1180:1180	arg1	sensitivity					1163:1173	ELISA a sensitivity	1155:1173	ELISA a sensitivity of 38%	1155:1180	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	52	theme	%	1180:1180	arg1	sensitivity					1087:1097	a sensitivity	1085:1097	a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM	1085:1152	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	53	theme	Xpert	983:987	arg1	MTB/RIF					989:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	11	54	theme	diagnostic	1425:1434	arg1	tests					1436:1440	The rapid diagnostic tests	1415:1440	The rapid diagnostic tests	1415:1440	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	10	55	theme	%	1398:1398	arg1	sensitivity					1290:1300	a sensitivity	1288:1300	a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48%	1288:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	10	55	theme	%	1398:1398	arg1	specificities					1371:1383	specificities	1371:1383	specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively	1371:1412	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	3	56	theme	consent	492:498	arg1	postmortem					500:509	informed consent postmortem	483:509	informed consent postmortem	483:509	We obtained written informed consent postmortem from the next of kin.
26063865	9	57	theme	specificities	1226:1238	arg1	sensitivity					1203:1213	a sensitivity	1201:1213	a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively	1201:1273	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	58	theme	LAM	882:884	arg1	LFA					886:888	LAM LFA	882:888	LAM LFA	882:888	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	5	59	theme	Xpert	679:683	arg1	MTB/RIF					685:691	Xpert MTB/RIF	679:691	Xpert MTB/RIF	679:691	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	5	60	theme	LAM	592:594	arg1	LFA					596:598	LAM LFA	592:598	LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning)	592:661	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	2	61	theme	immunosorbent	334:346	arg1	ELISA					355:359	ELISA	355:359	ELISA	355:359	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	61	theme	immunosorbent	334:346	arg1	assay					348:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	316:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	316:360	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	8	62	theme	%	1017:1017	arg1	sensitivity					999:1009	a sensitivity	997:1009	a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively	997:1070	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	6	63	theme	MTB/RIF-positive	828:843	arg1	cases					845:849	Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases	822:849	Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases	822:849	Accuracy parameters were calculated for histopathological TBM and also for the composite standard, including Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases.
26063865	13	64	theme	additional	1626:1635	arg1	LFA					1603:1605	LAM LFA	1599:1605	LAM LFA in CSF	1599:1612	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	13	64	theme	additional	1626:1635	arg1	tool					1648:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	8	65	theme	specificities	1023:1035	arg1	sensitivity					999:1009	a sensitivity	997:1009	a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively	997:1070	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	4	66	theme	complete	535:542	arg1	autopsy					544:550	A complete autopsy	533:550	A complete autopsy	533:550	A complete autopsy was done and CSF obtained.
26063865	2	67	link	enzyme-linked	320:332	arg1	ELISA					355:359	ELISA	355:359	ELISA	355:359	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	67	link	enzyme-linked	320:332	arg1	assay					348:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	316:352	LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)	316:360	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	3	68	theme	informed	483:490	arg1	consent					492:498	informed consent	483:498	informed consent postmortem	483:509	We obtained written informed consent postmortem from the next of kin.
26063865	12	69	theme	Point-of-care	1507:1519	arg1	tests					1521:1525	Point-of-care tests	1507:1525	Point-of-care tests	1507:1525	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	70	theme	flow	298:301	arg1	LFA					310:312	LFA	310:312	LFA	310:312	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	70	theme	flow	298:301	arg1	assay					303:307	the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay	262:307	the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA)	262:313	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	9	71	theme	%	1245:1245	arg1	%					1259:1259	87%	1257:1259	87%	1257:1259	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	71	theme	%	1245:1245	arg1	%					1250:1250	91%	1248:1250	91%	1248:1250	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	71	theme	%	1245:1245	arg1	specificities					1226:1238	specificities	1226:1238	specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%	1226:1259	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	71	theme	%	1245:1245	arg1	%					1245:1245	70%	1243:1245	70%	1243:1245	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	71	theme	%	1245:1245	arg1	%					1220:1220	86%	1218:1220	86%	1218:1220	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	72	theme	%	1047:1047	arg1	%					1017:1017	100%	1014:1017	100%	1014:1017	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	72	theme	%	1047:1047	arg1	%					1047:1047	91%	1045:1047	91%	1045:1047	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	72	theme	%	1047:1047	arg1	%					1056:1056	87%	1054:1056	87%	1054:1056	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	72	theme	%	1047:1047	arg1	specificities					1023:1035	specificities	1023:1035	specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%	1023:1056	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	72	theme	%	1047:1047	arg1	%					1042:1042	87%	1040:1042	87%	1040:1042	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	0	73	theme	HIV-Infected	138:149	arg1	Adults					151:156	HIV-Infected Adults	138:156	HIV-Infected Adults	138:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	5	74	from	ELISA	668:672	arg1	CSF					631:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF	604:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning	604:660	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	5	75	theme	unprepared	604:613	arg1	CSF					631:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF	604:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning	604:660	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	8	76	theme	%	1056:1056	arg1	%					1017:1017	100%	1014:1017	100%	1014:1017	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	76	theme	%	1056:1056	arg1	%					1047:1047	91%	1045:1047	91%	1045:1047	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	76	theme	%	1056:1056	arg1	%					1056:1056	87%	1054:1056	87%	1054:1056	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	76	theme	%	1056:1056	arg1	specificities					1023:1035	specificities	1023:1035	specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%	1023:1056	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	76	theme	%	1056:1056	arg1	%					1042:1042	87%	1040:1042	87%	1040:1042	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	11	77	theme	anti-TB	1488:1494	arg1	treatment					1496:1504	anti-TB treatment	1488:1504	anti-TB treatment	1488:1504	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	5	78	theme	supernatant	619:629	arg1	CSF					631:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF	604:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning	604:660	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	5	79	from	MTB/RIF	685:691	arg1	CSF					631:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF	604:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning	604:660	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	0	80	from	Meningitis	103:112	arg1	Cohort					128:133	an Autopsy Cohort	117:133	an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	117:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	13	81	theme	LAM	1599:1601	arg1	tool					1648:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	a useful additional diagnostic tool	1617:1651	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	13	81	theme	LAM	1599:1601	arg1	LFA					1603:1605	LAM LFA	1599:1605	LAM LFA in CSF	1599:1612	LAM LFA in CSF is a useful additional diagnostic tool.
26063865	2	82	theme	HIV-infected	442:453	arg1	adults					455:460	Ugandan HIV-infected adults	434:460	Ugandan HIV-infected adults	434:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	0	83	theme	Diagnose	82:89	arg1	Meningitis					103:112	Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis	82:112	Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults	82:156	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	9	84	theme	%	1104:1104	arg1	MTB/RIF					1193:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	84	theme	%	1104:1104	arg1	sensitivity					1163:1173	ELISA a sensitivity	1155:1173	ELISA a sensitivity of 38%	1155:1180	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	84	theme	%	1104:1104	arg1	sensitivity					1087:1097	a sensitivity	1085:1097	a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM	1085:1152	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	85	theme	histopathological	928:944	arg1	TBM					946:948	definite histopathological TBM	919:948	definite histopathological TBM	919:948	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	1	86	theme	Point-of-care	159:171	arg1	tests					173:177	Point-of-care tests	159:177	Point-of-care tests for tuberculous meningitis (TBM)	159:210	Point-of-care tests for tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are needed.
26063865	9	87	theme	definite	1110:1117	arg1	TBM					1150:1152	definite and probable histopathological TBM	1110:1152	definite and probable histopathological TBM	1110:1152	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	88	contain	had	890:892	arg1	LFA					886:888	LAM LFA	882:888	LAM LFA	882:888	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	88	contain	had	890:892	arg2	sensitivity					959:969	ELISA a sensitivity	951:969	ELISA a sensitivity of 43%	951:976	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	88	contain	had	890:892	arg2	sensitivity					896:906	a sensitivity	894:906	a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM	894:948	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	88	contain	had	890:892	arg2	MTB/RIF					989:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	5	89	theme	LAM	664:666	arg1	ELISA					668:672	LAM ELISA	664:672	LAM ELISA	664:672	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	9	90	theme	probable	1123:1130	arg1	TBM					1150:1152	definite and probable histopathological TBM	1110:1152	definite and probable histopathological TBM	1110:1152	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	91	theme	a	957:957	arg1	sensitivity					959:969	ELISA a sensitivity	951:969	ELISA a sensitivity of 43%	951:976	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	7	92	theme	patients	872:879	arg1	CSF					862:864	CSF	862:864	CSF of 91 patients	862:879	We tested CSF of 91 patients.
26063865	11	93	theme	%	1460:1460	arg1	patients					1472:1479	patients	1472:1479	patients	1472:1479	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	11	93	theme	%	1460:1460	arg1	%					1467:1467	22% to 78%	1458:1467	22% to 78% of patients	1458:1479	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	12	94	theme	HIV-infected	1578:1589	arg1	adults					1591:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	deceased HIV-infected adults	1569:1596	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	8	95	dep	sensitivity	896:906	arg1	sensitivity					999:1009	a sensitivity	997:1009	a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively	997:1070	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	9	96	theme	ELISA	1155:1159	arg1	sensitivity					1163:1173	ELISA a sensitivity	1155:1173	ELISA a sensitivity of 38%	1155:1180	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	97	theme	%	976:976	arg1	MTB/RIF					989:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	Xpert MTB/RIF	983:995	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	97	theme	%	976:976	arg1	sensitivity					896:906	a sensitivity	894:906	a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM	894:948	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	8	97	theme	%	976:976	arg1	sensitivity					959:969	ELISA a sensitivity	951:969	ELISA a sensitivity of 43%	951:976	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 75% for definite histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 43%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 100% and specificities of 87%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	3	98	dep	obtained	466:473	arg1	written					475:481	written	475:481	obtained written informed consent postmortem from the next of kin	466:530	We obtained written informed consent postmortem from the next of kin.
26063865	10	99	theme	%	1390:1390	arg1	sensitivity					1290:1300	a sensitivity	1288:1300	a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48%	1288:1365	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	10	99	theme	%	1390:1390	arg1	specificities					1371:1383	specificities	1371:1383	specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively	1371:1412	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 68% for the composite standard and ELISA a sensitivity of 48% and specificities of 78% and 98%, respectively.
26063865	0	100	theme	MTB/RIF	40:46	arg1	Testing					48:54	Xpert MTB/RIF Testing	34:54	Xpert MTB/RIF Testing	34:54	Accuracy of Lipoarabinomannan and Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Cerebrospinal Fluid To Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis in an Autopsy Cohort of HIV-Infected Adults.
26063865	2	101	theme	autopsy	416:422	arg1	cohort					424:429	an autopsy cohort	413:429	an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	413:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	2	102	theme	Xpert	367:371	arg1	MTB/RIF					373:379	Xpert MTB/RIF	367:379	Xpert MTB/RIF	367:379	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
26063865	5	103	theme	CSF	700:702	arg1	samples					704:710	the CSF samples	696:710	the CSF samples	696:710	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	11	104	theme	rapid	1419:1423	arg1	tests					1436:1440	The rapid diagnostic tests	1415:1440	The rapid diagnostic tests	1415:1440	The rapid diagnostic tests detected TBM in 22% to 78% of patients not on anti-TB treatment.
26063865	12	105	theme	TBM	1562:1564	arg1	diagnosis					1549:1557	diagnosis	1549:1557	diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults	1549:1596	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	5	106	from	LFA	596:598	arg1	CSF					631:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF	604:633	unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning	604:660	We performed LAM LFA (on unprepared and supernatant CSF after heating and spinning), LAM ELISA, and Xpert MTB/RIF on the CSF samples.
26063865	12	107	theme	high	1532:1535	arg1	accuracy					1537:1544	high accuracy	1532:1544	high accuracy	1532:1544	Point-of-care tests have high accuracy in diagnosis of TBM in deceased HIV-infected adults.
26063865	6	108	theme	histopathological	753:769	arg1	TBM					771:773	histopathological TBM	753:773	histopathological TBM	753:773	Accuracy parameters were calculated for histopathological TBM and also for the composite standard, including Xpert MTB/RIF-positive cases.
26063865	9	109	theme	Xpert	1187:1191	arg1	MTB/RIF					1193:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	Xpert MTB/RIF	1187:1199	LAM LFA had a sensitivity of 50% for definite and probable histopathological TBM, ELISA a sensitivity of 38%, and Xpert MTB/RIF a sensitivity of 86% and specificities of 70%, 91%, and 87%, respectively.
26063865	2	110	theme	assay	348:352	arg1	accuracy					250:257	the diagnostic accuracy	235:257	the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults	235:460	We studied the diagnostic accuracy of the lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay (LFA), LAM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Xpert MTB/RIF in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an autopsy cohort of Ugandan HIV-infected adults.
24787613	4	0	theme	·	1072:1072	arg1	kg					1084:1085	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	0	theme	·	1072:1072	arg1	SP					1051:1052	SP	1051:1052	SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1))	1051:1090	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	2	1	theme	cycle	505:509	arg1	performance					511:521	cycle performance	505:521	cycle performance	505:521	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	8	2	theme	aerobic	1519:1525	arg1	capacity					1527:1534	muscle aerobic capacity	1512:1534	muscle aerobic capacity of SP	1512:1540	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	4	3	theme	P	817:817	arg1	<					819:819	P < 0.05	817:824	P < 0.05	817:824	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	4	dep	ET	988:989	arg1	different					1038:1046	different	1038:1046	different	1038:1046	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	7	5	theme	trained	1433:1439	arg1	SP					1441:1442	lifelong trained SP	1424:1442	lifelong trained SP	1424:1442	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	4	6	dep	ET	864:865	arg1	ST					959:960	ST	959:960	ST	959:960	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	6	dep	ET	864:865	arg1	higher					898:903	higher	898:903	higher	898:903	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	6	dep	ET	864:865	arg1	lower					1132:1136	lower	1132:1136	lower	1132:1136	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	6	dep	ET	864:865	arg1	similar					977:983	similar	977:983	similar	977:983	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	2	7	theme	oxygen	532:537	arg1	VO2max					547:552	VO2max	547:552	VO2max	547:552	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	2	7	theme	oxygen	532:537	arg1	uptake					539:544	maximal oxygen uptake	524:544	maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)	524:553	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	1	8	theme	=	400:400	arg1	n					398:398	n	398:398	n = 7	398:402	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	1	8	theme	=	400:400	arg1	UT					394:395	UT	394:395	UT	394:395	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	8	9	theme	exercise	1490:1497	arg1	capacity					1499:1506	Incremental exercise capacity	1478:1506	Incremental exercise capacity	1478:1506	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	1	10	theme	strength-trained	350:365	arg1	men					417:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	4	11	theme	%	838:838	arg1	points					840:845	-6.5% points	834:845	-6.5% points	834:845	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	11	theme	%	838:838	arg1	SP					830:831	SP	830:831	SP (-6.5% points)	830:846	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	0	12	theme	age-matched	154:164	arg1	men					166:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	1	13	theme	cardiovascular	238:251	arg1	profile					260:266	cardiovascular health profile	238:266	cardiovascular health profile	238:266	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	4	14	dep	different	1038:1046	arg1	compared					1092:1099	compared	1092:1099	compared to UT (+14%)	1092:1112	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	15	theme	Heart	875:879	arg1	reserve					886:892	ST. Heart rate reserve	871:892	ST. Heart rate reserve	871:892	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	7	16	theme	cardiovascular	1370:1383	arg1	profile					1392:1398	cardiovascular health profile	1370:1398	cardiovascular health profile	1370:1398	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	2	17	theme	composition	564:574	arg1	measurements					489:500	measurements	489:500	measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition	489:574	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	2	18	theme	fibre	588:592	arg1	types					594:598	muscle fibre types	581:598	muscle fibre types	581:598	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	0	19	theme	male	72:75	arg1	players					84:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	1	20	dep	=	400:400	arg1	7					402:402	7	402:402	7	402:402	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	3	21	dep	min	718:720	arg1	P					723:723	P < 0.01	723:730	16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01	707:730	In SP, time to exhaustion was longer (16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01) than in UT (+48%) and ST (+41%), but similar to ET (+1%).
24787613	2	22	theme	aged	433:436	arg1	men					429:431	The 33 men	422:431	The 33 men aged 65-85 years	422:448	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	1	23	dep	endurance-trained	319:335	arg1	=					344:344	=	344:344	=	344:344	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	6	24	theme	IIx	1292:1294	arg1	fibres					1296:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	2	25	dep	m.	641:642	arg1	lateralis					651:659	lateralis	651:659	lateralis	651:659	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	4	26	theme	Fat	791:793	arg1	percentage					795:804	Fat percentage	791:804	Fat percentage	791:804	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	6	27	theme	less	1282:1285	arg1	fibres					1296:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	0	28	theme	Exercise	0:7	arg1	performance					9:19	Exercise performance	0:19	Exercise performance	0:19	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	4	29	theme	P	906:906	arg1	<					908:908	P < 0.05	906:913	P < 0.05	906:913	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	0	30	theme	health	40:45	arg1	variables					47:55	cardiovascular health variables	25:55	cardiovascular health variables	25:55	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	1	31	theme	age-matched	405:415	arg1	men					417:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	7	32	theme	age-matched	1453:1463	arg1	controls					1468:1475	age-matched UT controls	1453:1475	age-matched UT controls	1453:1475	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	4	33	theme	·	1082:1082	arg1	kg					1084:1085	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	33	theme	·	1082:1082	arg1	SP					1051:1052	SP	1051:1052	SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1))	1051:1090	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	1	34	theme	health	253:258	arg1	profile					260:266	cardiovascular health profile	238:266	cardiovascular health profile	238:266	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	4	35	theme	±	927:927	arg1	bpm					932:934	104 ± 16 bpm	923:934	104 ± 16 bpm	923:934	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	35	theme	±	927:927	arg1	SP					919:920	SP	919:920	SP (104 ± 16 bpm)	919:935	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	36	dep	higher	898:903	arg1	<					908:908	P < 0.05	906:913	P < 0.05	906:913	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	8	37	theme	endurance	1602:1610	arg1	athletes					1612:1619	endurance athletes	1602:1619	endurance athletes	1602:1619	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	4	38	theme	min	1074:1076	arg1	kg					1084:1085	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	38	theme	min	1074:1076	arg1	SP					1051:1052	SP	1051:1052	SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1))	1051:1090	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	1	39	theme	soccer	279:284	arg1	players					286:292	elderly soccer players	271:292	elderly soccer players	271:292	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	2	40	theme	performance	511:521	arg1	measurements					489:500	measurements	489:500	measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition	489:574	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	1	41	theme	untrained	383:391	arg1	men					417:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	5	42	theme	capillaries	1179:1189	arg1	number					1169:1174	The number	1165:1174	The number of capillaries per fibre	1165:1199	The number of capillaries per fibre was higher (P < 0.05) in SP than UT (53%) and ST (42%) but similar to ET.
24787613	5	42	theme	capillaries	1179:1189	arg1	higher					1205:1210	higher	1205:1210	higher	1205:1210	The number of capillaries per fibre was higher (P < 0.05) in SP than UT (53%) and ST (42%) but similar to ET.
24787613	1	43	dep	=	374:374	arg1	ST					368:369	ST	368:369	ST	368:369	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	2	44	theme	uptake	539:544	arg1	measurements					489:500	measurements	489:500	measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition	489:574	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	1	45	theme	performance	198:208	arg1	variables					210:218	performance variables	198:218	performance variables	198:218	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	2	46	theme	maximal	524:530	arg1	VO2max					547:552	VO2max	547:552	VO2max	547:552	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	2	46	theme	maximal	524:530	arg1	uptake					539:544	maximal oxygen uptake	524:544	maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)	524:553	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	0	47	theme	untrained	144:152	arg1	men					166:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	8	48	theme	Incremental	1478:1488	arg1	capacity					1499:1506	Incremental exercise capacity	1478:1506	Incremental exercise capacity	1478:1506	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	4	49	theme	rate	881:884	arg1	reserve					886:892	ST. Heart rate reserve	871:892	ST. Heart rate reserve	871:892	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	3	50	dep	longer	699:704	arg1	min					718:720	16.3 ± 2.0 min	707:720	16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01	707:730	In SP, time to exhaustion was longer (16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01) than in UT (+48%) and ST (+41%), but similar to ET (+1%).
24787613	4	51	dep	lower	1132:1136	arg1	<					1141:1141	P < 0.05	1139:1146	P < 0.05	1139:1146	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	52	dep	ST	959:960	arg1	bpm					967:969	+24 bpm	963:969	+24 bpm	963:969	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	8	53	theme	muscle	1512:1517	arg1	capacity					1527:1534	muscle aerobic capacity	1512:1534	muscle aerobic capacity of SP	1512:1540	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	7	54	theme	health	1385:1390	arg1	profile					1392:1398	cardiovascular health profile	1370:1398	cardiovascular health profile	1370:1398	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	6	55	theme	%	1315:1315	arg1	UT					1308:1309	UT	1308:1309	UT (-12% points)	1308:1323	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	6	55	theme	%	1315:1315	arg1	points					1317:1322	-12% points	1312:1322	-12% points	1312:1322	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	3	56	theme	<	725:725	arg1	P					723:723	P < 0.01	723:730	16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01	707:730	In SP, time to exhaustion was longer (16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01) than in UT (+48%) and ST (+41%), but similar to ET (+1%).
24787613	2	57	theme	testing	462:468	arg1	protocol					470:477	a testing protocol	460:477	a testing protocol	460:477	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	2	58	theme	m.	641:642	arg1	biopsy					661:666	m. vastus lateralis biopsy	641:666	m. vastus lateralis biopsy	641:666	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	0	59	theme	soccer	77:82	arg1	players					84:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	5	60	theme	P	1213:1213	arg1	<					1215:1215	P < 0.05	1213:1220	P < 0.05	1213:1220	The number of capillaries per fibre was higher (P < 0.05) in SP than UT (53%) and ST (42%) but similar to ET.
24787613	1	61	dep	untrained	383:391	arg1	n					398:398	n	398:398	n = 7	398:402	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	1	61	dep	untrained	383:391	arg1	UT					394:395	UT	394:395	UT	394:395	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	1	62	dep	=	301:301	arg1	SP					295:296	SP	295:296	SP	295:296	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	8	63	theme	SP	1539:1540	arg1	capacity					1499:1506	Incremental exercise capacity	1478:1506	Incremental exercise capacity	1478:1506	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	8	63	theme	SP	1539:1540	arg1	capacity					1527:1534	muscle aerobic capacity	1512:1534	muscle aerobic capacity of SP	1512:1540	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	4	64	theme	ST.	871:873	arg1	reserve					886:892	ST. Heart rate reserve	871:892	ST. Heart rate reserve	871:892	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	7	65	theme	exercise	1345:1352	arg1	better					1413:1418	better	1413:1418	better	1413:1418	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	7	65	theme	exercise	1345:1352	arg1	performance					1354:1364	the exercise performance	1341:1364	the exercise performance	1341:1364	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	0	66	from	performance	9:19	arg1	players					84:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	2	67	theme	body	559:562	arg1	composition					564:574	body composition	559:574	body composition	559:574	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	3	68	theme	2.0	714:716	arg1	±					712:712	±	712:712	±	712:712	In SP, time to exhaustion was longer (16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01) than in UT (+48%) and ST (+41%), but similar to ET (+1%).
24787613	0	69	theme	endurance-trained	104:120	arg1	men					166:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	6	70	contain	had	1278:1280	arg2	fibres					1296:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	6	70	contain	had	1278:1280	arg1	SP					1275:1276	SP	1275:1276	SP	1275:1276	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	4	71	theme	P	1139:1139	arg1	<					1141:1141	P < 0.05	1139:1146	P < 0.05	1139:1146	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	3	72	theme	16.3	707:710	arg1	±					712:712	±	712:712	±	712:712	In SP, time to exhaustion was longer (16.3 ± 2.0 min; P < 0.01) than in UT (+48%) and ST (+41%), but similar to ET (+1%).
24787613	0	73	theme	strength-trained	123:138	arg1	men					166:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men	104:168	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	4	74	dep	lower	810:814	arg1	<					819:819	P < 0.05	817:824	P < 0.05	817:824	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	0	75	from	variables	47:55	arg1	players					84:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	2	76	theme	muscle	581:586	arg1	types					594:598	muscle fibre types	581:598	muscle fibre types	581:598	The 33 men aged 65-85 years underwent a testing protocol including measurements of cycle performance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body composition, and muscle fibre types and capillarisation were determined from m. vastus lateralis biopsy.
24787613	6	77	theme	type	1287:1290	arg1	fibres					1296:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	less type IIx fibres	1282:1301	SP had less type IIx fibres than UT (-12% points).
24787613	4	78	from	SP	1051:1052	arg1	different					1038:1046	different	1038:1046	different	1038:1046	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	79	theme	±	1060:1060	arg1	kg					1084:1085	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	79	theme	±	1060:1060	arg1	SP					1051:1052	SP	1051:1052	SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1))	1051:1090	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	0	80	theme	cardiovascular	25:38	arg1	variables					47:55	cardiovascular health variables	25:55	cardiovascular health variables	25:55	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	4	81	from	different	1038:1046	arg1	kg					1084:1085	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	81	from	different	1038:1046	arg1	SP					1051:1052	SP	1051:1052	SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1))	1051:1090	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	5	82	dep	higher	1205:1210	arg1	<					1215:1215	P < 0.05	1213:1220	P < 0.05	1213:1220	The number of capillaries per fibre was higher (P < 0.05) in SP than UT (53%) and ST (42%) but similar to ET.
24787613	0	83	theme	70-year-old	60:70	arg1	players					84:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	70-year-old male soccer players	60:90	Exercise performance and cardiovascular health variables in 70-year-old male soccer players compared to endurance-trained, strength-trained and untrained age-matched men.
24787613	1	84	dep	=	344:344	arg1	ET					338:339	ET	338:339	ET	338:339	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	1	85	theme	endurance-trained	319:335	arg1	men					417:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men	319:419	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	8	86	theme	ST	1572:1573	arg1	athletes					1575:1582	lifelong ST athletes	1563:1582	lifelong ST athletes	1563:1582	Incremental exercise capacity and muscle aerobic capacity of SP are also superior to lifelong ST athletes and comparable to endurance athletes.
24787613	7	87	theme	UT	1465:1466	arg1	controls					1468:1475	age-matched UT controls	1453:1475	age-matched UT controls	1453:1475	In conclusion, the exercise performance and cardiovascular health profile are markedly better for lifelong trained SP than for age-matched UT controls.
24787613	1	88	theme	profile	260:266	arg1	indicators					224:233	indicators	224:233	indicators of cardiovascular health profile	224:266	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	1	88	theme	profile	260:266	arg1	variables					210:218	performance variables	198:218	performance variables	198:218	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	1	89	dep	strength-trained	350:365	arg1	=					374:374	=	374:374	=	374:374	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24787613	4	90	theme	ml	1066:1067	arg1	kg					1084:1085	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)	1055:1089	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	4	90	theme	ml	1066:1067	arg1	SP					1051:1052	SP	1051:1052	SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1))	1051:1090	Fat percentage was lower (P < 0.05) in SP (-6.5% points) than UT but not ET and ST. Heart rate reserve was higher (P < 0.05) in SP (104 ± 16 bpm) than UT (+21 bpm) and ST (+24 bpm), but similar to ET (+2 bpm), whereas VO2max was not significantly different in SP (30.2 ± 4.9 ml O2 · min(-1) · kg(-1)) compared to UT (+14%) and ST (+9%), but lower (P < 0.05) than ET (-22%).
24787613	1	91	theme	elderly	271:277	arg1	players					286:292	elderly soccer players	271:292	elderly soccer players	271:292	The aim was to investigate performance variables and indicators of cardiovascular health profile in elderly soccer players (SP, n = 11) compared to endurance-trained (ET, n = 8), strength-trained (ST, n = 7) and untrained (UT, n = 7) age-matched men.
24463102	2	0	theme	glycosyltransferases	347:366	arg1	levels					328:333	the levels	324:333	the levels of specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation	324:428	Work by several groups points to a role for microRNA (miRNA) in controlling the levels of specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation.
24463102	5	1	from	level	910:914	arg1	non-redundant					932:944	non-redundant	932:944	non-redundant	932:944	Our analysis provides insights into glycan regulation and suggests that at the regulatory level, glycogenes are non-redundant.
24463102	2	2	theme	specific	338:345	arg1	glycosyltransferases					347:366	specific glycosyltransferases	338:366	specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation	338:428	Work by several groups points to a role for microRNA (miRNA) in controlling the levels of specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation.
24463102	4	3	theme	biosynthetic	749:760	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	4	theme	glycan	742:747	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	5	link	N-linked	720:727	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	6	theme	N-linked	720:727	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	3	7	theme	principal	487:495	arg1	regulator					497:505	a principal regulator	485:505	a principal regulator of the glycome	485:520	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	3	7	theme	principal	487:495	arg1	miRNA					475:479	miRNA	475:479	miRNA	475:479	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	4	8	theme	miRNA	635:639	arg1	regulation					641:650	predicted miRNA regulation	625:650	predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes)	625:694	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	9	theme	regulatory	787:796	arg1	nodes					798:802	key regulatory nodes	783:802	key regulatory nodes of the glycome	783:817	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	10	theme	genes	677:681	arg1	regulation					641:650	predicted miRNA regulation	625:650	predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes)	625:694	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	3	11	theme	genomic	535:541	arg1	information					543:553	genomic information	535:553	genomic information	535:553	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	2	12	theme	neural	388:393	arg1	migration					395:403	neural migration	388:403	neural migration	388:403	Work by several groups points to a role for microRNA (miRNA) in controlling the levels of specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation.
24463102	1	13	theme	intricate	73:81	arg1	process					83:89	an intricate process	70:89	an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins	70:245	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	1	13	theme	intricate	73:81	arg1	Glycosylation					53:65	Glycosylation	53:65	Glycosylation	53:65	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	3	14	theme	Recent	431:436	arg1	work					438:441	Recent work	431:441	Recent work in our laboratory	431:459	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	4	15	theme	O-linked	733:740	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	1	16	theme	sugar	192:196	arg1	transporters					209:220	sugar nucleotide transporters	192:220	sugar nucleotide transporters	192:220	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	5	17	theme	glycan	856:861	arg1	regulation					863:872	glycan regulation	856:872	glycan regulation	856:872	Our analysis provides insights into glycan regulation and suggests that at the regulatory level, glycogenes are non-redundant.
24463102	4	18	theme	pathways	762:769	arg1	maps					701:704	maps	701:704	maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	701:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	1	19	theme	nucleotide	198:207	arg1	transporters					209:220	sugar nucleotide transporters	192:220	sugar nucleotide transporters	192:220	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	0	20	theme	miRNA	14:18	arg1	regulation					20:29	miRNA regulation	14:29	miRNA regulation of the human glycome	14:50	Insights into miRNA regulation of the human glycome.
24463102	4	21	link	O-linked	733:740	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	1	22	theme	proteins	136:143	arg1	action					117:122	the coordinated action	101:122	the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins	101:245	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	4	23	theme	glycosylation	655:667	arg1	genes					677:681	glycosylation related genes	655:681	glycosylation related genes (glycogenes)	655:694	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	23	theme	glycosylation	655:667	arg1	glycogenes					684:693	glycogenes	684:693	glycogenes	684:693	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	3	24	theme	levels	599:604	arg1	tuning					582:587	tuning	582:587	tuning of enzyme levels	582:604	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	2	25	theme	osteoblast	409:418	arg1	formation					420:428	osteoblast formation	409:428	osteoblast formation	409:428	Work by several groups points to a role for microRNA (miRNA) in controlling the levels of specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation.
24463102	1	26	theme	trafficking	226:236	arg1	proteins					238:245	trafficking proteins	226:245	trafficking proteins	226:245	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	0	27	theme	glycome	44:50	arg1	regulation					20:29	miRNA regulation	14:29	miRNA regulation of the human glycome	14:50	Insights into miRNA regulation of the human glycome.
24463102	1	28	theme	coordinated	105:115	arg1	action					117:122	the coordinated action	101:122	the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins	101:245	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	0	29	theme	human	38:42	arg1	glycome					44:50	the human glycome	34:50	the human glycome	34:50	Insights into miRNA regulation of the human glycome.
24463102	3	30	theme	enzyme	592:597	arg1	levels					599:604	enzyme levels	592:604	enzyme levels	592:604	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	4	31	theme	common	713:718	arg1	pathways					762:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways	709:769	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	32	theme	key	783:785	arg1	nodes					798:802	key regulatory nodes	783:802	key regulatory nodes of the glycome	783:817	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	1	33	theme	multiple	127:134	arg1	transporters					209:220	sugar nucleotide transporters	192:220	sugar nucleotide transporters	192:220	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	1	33	theme	multiple	127:134	arg1	proteins					238:245	trafficking proteins	226:245	trafficking proteins	226:245	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	1	33	theme	multiple	127:134	arg1	glycosidases					178:189	glycosidases	178:189	glycosidases	178:189	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	1	33	theme	multiple	127:134	arg1	proteins					136:143	multiple proteins	127:143	multiple proteins	127:143	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	1	33	theme	multiple	127:134	arg1	glycosyltransferases					156:175	glycosyltransferases	156:175	glycosyltransferases	156:175	Glycosylation is an intricate process requiring the coordinated action of multiple proteins, including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, sugar nucleotide transporters and trafficking proteins.
24463102	4	34	theme	glycome	811:817	arg1	nodes					798:802	key regulatory nodes	783:802	key regulatory nodes of the glycome	783:817	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	3	35	from	work	438:441	arg1	laboratory					450:459	our laboratory	446:459	our laboratory	446:459	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	3	36	theme	glycome	514:520	arg1	regulator					497:505	a principal regulator	485:505	a principal regulator of the glycome	485:520	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	3	36	theme	glycome	514:520	arg1	miRNA					475:479	miRNA	475:479	miRNA	475:479	Recent work in our laboratory suggests that miRNA are a principal regulator of the glycome, translating genomic information into the glycocode through tuning of enzyme levels.
24463102	4	37	theme	related	669:675	arg1	genes					677:681	glycosylation related genes	655:681	glycosylation related genes (glycogenes)	655:694	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	37	theme	related	669:675	arg1	glycogenes					684:693	glycogenes	684:693	glycogenes	684:693	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	4	38	theme	predicted	625:633	arg1	regulation					641:650	predicted miRNA regulation	625:650	predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes)	625:694	Herein we overlay predicted miRNA regulation of glycosylation related genes (glycogenes) onto maps of the common N-linked and O-linked glycan biosynthetic pathways to identify key regulatory nodes of the glycome.
24463102	2	39	theme	several	256:262	arg1	groups					264:269	several groups	256:269	several groups	256:269	Work by several groups points to a role for microRNA (miRNA) in controlling the levels of specific glycosyltransferases involved in cancer, neural migration and osteoblast formation.
24463102	5	40	theme	regulatory	899:908	arg1	level					910:914	the regulatory level	895:914	the regulatory level	895:914	Our analysis provides insights into glycan regulation and suggests that at the regulatory level, glycogenes are non-redundant.
26304562	15	0	theme	lower	2614:2618	arg1	complications					2620:2632	lower complications	2614:2632	lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group	2614:2708	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	15	0	theme	lower	2614:2618	arg1	transfusions					2650:2661	blood transfusions	2644:2661	blood transfusions	2644:2661	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	15	0	theme	lower	2614:2618	arg1	hospital					2675:2682	reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group	2667:2708	reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group	2667:2708	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	0	1	theme	single	208:213	arg1	study					236:240	A single centre observational study	206:240	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.	0:241	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	12	2	theme	Heparin	2201:2207	arg1	monotherapy					2209:2219	Heparin monotherapy	2201:2219	Heparin monotherapy	2201:2219	Early stent thrombosis was seen in 1 patient with Heparin plus GPI and none with Heparin monotherapy and Bivalirudin group.
26304562	0	3	theme	observational	222:234	arg1	study					236:240	A single centre observational study	206:240	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.	0:241	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	11	4	theme	Ischemic	2002:2009	arg1	end-points					2011:2020	Composite Ischemic end-points	1992:2020	Composite Ischemic end-points	1992:2020	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	15	5	theme	Bivalirudin	2692:2702	arg1	group					2704:2708	Bivalirudin group	2692:2708	Bivalirudin group	2692:2708	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	18	6	theme	elective	3274:3281	arg1	PCI					3283:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	8	7	from	GPI	1704:1706	arg1	patients					1721:1728	patients	1721:1728	patients treated with UFH	1721:1745	No bleeding was observed in STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH.
26304562	11	8	theme	All-cause	2027:2035	arg1	Mortality					2037:2045	no "All-cause Mortality"	2023:2046	no "All-cause Mortality"	2023:2046	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	16	9	theme	lower	2888:2892	arg1	site					2901:2904	lower access site	2888:2904	lower access site	2888:2904	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	13	10	dep	other	2385:2389	arg1	than					2391:2394	than	2391:2394	than	2391:2394	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	10	11	theme	Heparin	1964:1970	arg1	arm					1984:1986	Heparin Monotherapy arm	1964:1986	Heparin Monotherapy arm	1964:1986	Only 4 patients (1.6%) treated with Bivalirudin required Blood transfusion compared to 25 in Heparin plus GPI (5.8%) and 38 (5%) in Heparin Monotherapy arm.
26304562	14	12	theme	blood	2463:2467	arg1	transfusion					2477:2487	blood product transfusion	2463:2487	blood product transfusion	2463:2487	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	15	13	theme	reduced	2667:2673	arg1	hospital					2675:2682	reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group	2667:2708	reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group	2667:2708	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	1	14	theme	composite	413:421	arg1	points					436:441	composite ischemic end points	413:441	composite ischemic end points	413:441	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	16	15	theme	non-access	2910:2919	arg1	site					2921:2924	non-access site bleeding	2910:2933	non-access site bleeding	2910:2933	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	7	16	theme	bleeding	1361:1368	arg1	Incidence					1342:1350	Incidence	1342:1350	Incidence of major bleeding	1342:1368	Incidence of major bleeding was lowest in patients treated with Bivalirudin (1.59%) when compared to Heparin plus GPI (3.49%) and Heparin monotherapy (5.97%), p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy, and p = 0.145, Bivalirudin vs. Heparin + GPI.
26304562	3	17	theme	strategy	819:826	arg1	left					832:835	left	832:835	left	832:835	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	3	17	theme	strategy	819:826	arg1	choice					793:798	the choice	789:798	the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy	789:826	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	13	18	theme	target	2322:2327	arg1	TVR					2317:2319	TVR	2317:2319	TVR (target vessel revascularization)	2317:2353	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	13	18	theme	target	2322:2327	arg1	revascularization					2336:2352	target vessel revascularization	2322:2352	target vessel revascularization	2322:2352	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	1	19	theme	end	432:434	arg1	points					436:441	composite ischemic end points	413:441	composite ischemic end points	413:441	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	3	20	theme	Anti-thrombotic	803:817	arg1	strategy					819:826	Anti-thrombotic strategy	803:826	Anti-thrombotic strategy	803:826	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	16	21	contain	having	2881:2886	arg2	site					2921:2924	non-access site bleeding	2910:2933	non-access site bleeding	2910:2933	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	16	21	contain	having	2881:2886	arg1	advantage					2868:2876	a distinct advantage	2857:2876	a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy	2857:2970	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	16	21	contain	having	2881:2886	arg2	site					2901:2904	lower access site	2888:2904	lower access site	2888:2904	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	17	22	dep	Heparin	3100:3106	arg1	Monotherapy					3128:3138	Monotherapy	3128:3138	Monotherapy	3128:3138	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	13	23	theme	lesion	2287:2292	arg1	revascularization					2294:2310	target lesion revascularization	2280:2310	target lesion revascularization	2280:2310	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	13	23	theme	lesion	2287:2292	arg1	TLR					2275:2277	TLR	2275:2277	TLR (target lesion revascularization)	2275:2311	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	0	24	theme	coronary	182:189	arg1	intervention					191:202	percutaneous coronary intervention	169:202	percutaneous coronary intervention	169:202	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	3	25	theme	own	878:880	arg1	judgment					891:898	their own clinical judgment	872:898	their own clinical judgment	872:898	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	4	26	theme	specific	932:939	arg1	criteria					961:968	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria	929:968	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria	929:968	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria were specified on the choice of Anti-Thrombotic Strategy.
26304562	2	27	from	study	539:543	arg1	patients					560:567	consecutive patients	548:567	consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI)	548:623	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	28	from	Strategies	696:705	arg1	population					723:732	a real world population	710:732	a real world population	710:732	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	3	29	theme	individual	840:849	arg1	s					860:860	individual operator(s)	840:861	individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability	840:926	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	1	30	theme	outcomes	456:463	arg1	occurrence					383:392	occurrence	383:392	occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	383:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	7	31	theme	Heparin	1527:1533	arg1	Monotherapy					1535:1545	p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy	1501:1545	Monotherapy	1535:1545	Incidence of major bleeding was lowest in patients treated with Bivalirudin (1.59%) when compared to Heparin plus GPI (3.49%) and Heparin monotherapy (5.97%), p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy, and p = 0.145, Bivalirudin vs. Heparin + GPI.
26304562	4	32	theme	Strategy	1018:1025	arg1	choice					992:997	the choice	988:997	the choice of Anti-Thrombotic Strategy	988:1025	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria were specified on the choice of Anti-Thrombotic Strategy.
26304562	15	33	dep	hospital	2675:2682	arg1	stay					2684:2687	stay	2684:2687	stay in Bivalirudin group	2684:2708	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	2	34	theme	prospective	512:522	arg1	study					539:543	prospective, observational study	512:543	prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI)	512:623	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	34	theme	prospective	512:522	arg1	center					504:509	a single center	495:509	a single center	495:509	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	12	35	theme	Early	2120:2124	arg1	thrombosis					2132:2141	Early stent thrombosis	2120:2141	Early stent thrombosis	2120:2141	Early stent thrombosis was seen in 1 patient with Heparin plus GPI and none with Heparin monotherapy and Bivalirudin group.
26304562	16	36	theme	CONCLUSION	2800:2809	arg1	use					2823:2825	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use	2800:2825	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI	2800:2836	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	0	37	theme	IIb/IIIa	86:93	arg1	inhibitors					95:104	Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	73:104	Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	73:104	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	17	38	dep	hospital	3020:3027	arg1	stay					3029:3032	stay	3029:3032	stay	3029:3032	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	17	39	from	reduction	2987:2995	arg1	hospital					3020:3027	hospital stay	3020:3032	hospital stay	3020:3032	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	17	39	from	reduction	2987:2995	arg1	mortality					3038:3046	mortality	3038:3046	mortality	3038:3046	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	17	39	from	reduction	2987:2995	arg1	transfusions					3006:3017	blood transfusions	3000:3017	blood transfusions	3000:3017	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	15	40	theme	incremental	2739:2749	arg1	cost					2751:2754	the incremental cost	2735:2754	the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug	2735:2797	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	2	41	theme	Anti-Thrombotic	680:694	arg1	Strategies					696:705	three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies	664:705	three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population	664:732	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	6	42	theme	Heparin	1321:1327	arg1	monotherapy					1329:1339	Heparin monotherapy	1321:1339	Heparin monotherapy	1321:1339	252 patients were treated with Bivalirudin (Angiomax) during PCI (17.3%), 430 (29.6%) patients were treated with Heparin plus GPI & remaining 771 (53.1%) were treated with Heparin monotherapy.
26304562	1	43	theme	bleeding	403:410	arg1	occurrence					383:392	occurrence	383:392	occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	383:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	2	44	dep	METHODS	466:472	arg1	study					486:490	The present study	474:490	The present study	474:490	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	44	dep	METHODS	466:472	arg1	describes					629:637	describes	629:637	describes Authors'	629:646	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	44	dep	METHODS	466:472	arg1	study					539:543	prospective, observational study	512:543	prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI)	512:623	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	44	dep	METHODS	466:472	arg1	center					504:509	a single center	495:509	a single center	495:509	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	45	theme	real	712:715	arg1	population					723:732	a real world population	710:732	a real world population	710:732	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	18	46	theme	Institutional	3184:3196	arg1	protocol					3198:3205	our Institutional protocol	3180:3205	our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI	3180:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	0	47	theme	anti-thrombotic	14:28	arg1	strategies					30:39	anti-thrombotic strategies	14:39	anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention	14:202	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	10	48	from	25	1919:1920	arg1	Heparin					1925:1931	Heparin	1925:1931	Heparin	1925:1931	Only 4 patients (1.6%) treated with Bivalirudin required Blood transfusion compared to 25 in Heparin plus GPI (5.8%) and 38 (5%) in Heparin Monotherapy arm.
26304562	10	48	from	25	1919:1920	arg1	arm					1984:1986	Heparin Monotherapy arm	1964:1986	Heparin Monotherapy arm	1964:1986	Only 4 patients (1.6%) treated with Bivalirudin required Blood transfusion compared to 25 in Heparin plus GPI (5.8%) and 38 (5%) in Heparin Monotherapy arm.
26304562	10	48	from	25	1919:1920	arg1	GPI					1938:1940	GPI	1938:1940	GPI	1938:1940	Only 4 patients (1.6%) treated with Bivalirudin required Blood transfusion compared to 25 in Heparin plus GPI (5.8%) and 38 (5%) in Heparin Monotherapy arm.
26304562	14	49	theme	GP	2544:2545	arg1	p = 0.01					2561:2568	p = 0.01	2561:2568	p = 0.01	2561:2568	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	14	49	theme	GP	2544:2545	arg1	arm					2556:2558	GP IIb/IIIa arm	2544:2558	GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01)	2544:2569	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	18	50	theme	high	3228:3231	arg1	PCI					3283:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	18	50	theme	high	3228:3231	arg1	ACS					3257:3259	ACS	3257:3259	ACS	3257:3259	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	18	50	theme	high	3228:3231	arg1	PCI					3238:3240	high risk PCI	3228:3240	high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI	3228:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	18	50	theme	high	3228:3231	arg1	STEMI					3250:3254	STEMI	3250:3254	STEMI	3250:3254	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	1	51	theme	real	341:344	arg1	population					352:361	a real world population	339:361	a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	339:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	14	52	dep	alone	2588:2592	arg1	p = 0.001					2595:2603	p = 0.001	2595:2603	p = 0.001	2595:2603	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	1	53	from	emphasis	371:378	arg1	occurrence					383:392	occurrence	383:392	occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	383:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	8	54	located	observed	1610:1617	arg2	bleeding					1597:1604	bleeding	1597:1604	bleeding	1597:1604	No bleeding was observed in STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH.
26304562	8	54	located	observed	1610:1617	arg1	patients					1628:1635	STEMI patients	1622:1635	STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH	1622:1745	No bleeding was observed in STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH.
26304562	5	55	theme	total	1038:1042	arg1	patients					1049:1056	A total 1453 patients	1036:1056	A total 1453 patients	1036:1056	RESULTS A total 1453 patients were consecutively enrolled into the study and were followed telephonically after 30 days.
26304562	18	56	theme	Complex	3266:3272	arg1	PCI					3283:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	0	57	dep	Comparison	0:9	arg1	study					236:240	A single centre observational study	206:240	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.	0:241	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	12	58	theme	Bivalirudin	2225:2235	arg1	group					2237:2241	Bivalirudin group	2225:2241	Bivalirudin group	2225:2241	Early stent thrombosis was seen in 1 patient with Heparin plus GPI and none with Heparin monotherapy and Bivalirudin group.
26304562	18	59	theme	PCI	3238:3240	arg1	treatment					3215:3223	the treatment	3211:3223	the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI	3211:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	0	60	theme	centre	215:220	arg1	study					236:240	A single centre observational study	206:240	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.	0:241	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	1	61	theme	Anti-thrombotic	281:295	arg1	strategies					297:306	Anti-thrombotic strategies	281:306	Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	281:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	1	62	with	population	352:361	arg1	emphasis					371:378	an emphasis	368:378	an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	368:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	14	63	theme	transfusion	2477:2487	arg1	Cost					2455:2458	Cost	2455:2458	Cost of blood product transfusion	2455:2487	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	12	64	with	patient	2157:2163	arg1	Heparin					2170:2176	Heparin	2170:2176	Heparin	2170:2176	Early stent thrombosis was seen in 1 patient with Heparin plus GPI and none with Heparin monotherapy and Bivalirudin group.
26304562	12	64	with	patient	2157:2163	arg1	GPI					2183:2185	GPI	2183:2185	GPI	2183:2185	Early stent thrombosis was seen in 1 patient with Heparin plus GPI and none with Heparin monotherapy and Bivalirudin group.
26304562	6	65	theme	GPI	1275:1277	arg1	&					1279:1279	GPI &	1275:1279	GPI & remaining 771 (53.1%)	1275:1301	252 patients were treated with Bivalirudin (Angiomax) during PCI (17.3%), 430 (29.6%) patients were treated with Heparin plus GPI & remaining 771 (53.1%) were treated with Heparin monotherapy.
26304562	8	66	theme	STEMI	1622:1626	arg1	patients					1628:1635	STEMI patients	1622:1635	STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH	1622:1745	No bleeding was observed in STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH.
26304562	13	67	theme	vessel	2329:2334	arg1	TVR					2317:2319	TVR	2317:2319	TVR (target vessel revascularization)	2317:2353	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	13	67	theme	vessel	2329:2334	arg1	revascularization					2336:2352	target vessel revascularization	2322:2352	target vessel revascularization	2322:2352	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	13	68	theme	early	2400:2404	arg1	thrombosis					2412:2421	one early stent thrombosis	2396:2421	procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI	2375:2452	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	10	69	theme	Monotherapy	1972:1982	arg1	arm					1984:1986	Heparin Monotherapy arm	1964:1986	Heparin Monotherapy arm	1964:1986	Only 4 patients (1.6%) treated with Bivalirudin required Blood transfusion compared to 25 in Heparin plus GPI (5.8%) and 38 (5%) in Heparin Monotherapy arm.
26304562	18	70	theme	risk	3233:3236	arg1	PCI					3283:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Complex elective PCI	3266:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	18	70	theme	risk	3233:3236	arg1	ACS					3257:3259	ACS	3257:3259	ACS	3257:3259	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	18	70	theme	risk	3233:3236	arg1	PCI					3238:3240	high risk PCI	3228:3240	high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI	3228:3285	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	18	70	theme	risk	3233:3236	arg1	STEMI					3250:3254	STEMI	3250:3254	STEMI	3250:3254	Bivalirudin can be safely adopted into our Institutional protocol for the treatment of high risk PCI such as STEMI, ACS, and Complex elective PCI.
26304562	14	71	theme	product	2469:2475	arg1	transfusion					2477:2487	blood product transfusion	2463:2487	blood product transfusion	2463:2487	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	11	72	theme	Composite	1992:2000	arg1	end-points					2011:2020	Composite Ischemic end-points	1992:2020	Composite Ischemic end-points	1992:2020	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	16	73	theme	access	2894:2899	arg1	site					2901:2904	lower access site	2888:2904	lower access site	2888:2904	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	4	74	theme	inclusion/exclusion	941:959	arg1	criteria					961:968	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria	929:968	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria	929:968	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria were specified on the choice of Anti-Thrombotic Strategy.
26304562	8	75	from	%	1716:1716	arg1	patients					1721:1728	patients	1721:1728	patients treated with UFH	1721:1745	No bleeding was observed in STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH.
26304562	0	76	theme	percutaneous	169:180	arg1	intervention					191:202	percutaneous coronary intervention	169:202	percutaneous coronary intervention	169:202	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	1	77	theme	ischemic	423:430	arg1	points					436:441	composite ischemic end points	413:441	composite ischemic end points	413:441	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	15	78	theme	higher	2763:2768	arg1	cost					2782:2785	higher acquisition cost	2763:2785	higher acquisition cost of the drug	2763:2797	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	13	79	theme	target	2280:2285	arg1	revascularization					2294:2310	target lesion revascularization	2280:2310	target lesion revascularization	2280:2310	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	13	79	theme	target	2280:2285	arg1	TLR					2275:2277	TLR	2275:2277	TLR (target lesion revascularization)	2275:2311	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	1	80	theme	points	436:441	arg1	occurrence					383:392	occurrence	383:392	occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	383:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	5	81	dep	RESULTS	1028:1034	arg1	enrolled					1077:1084	enrolled	1077:1084	were consecutively enrolled into the study	1058:1099	RESULTS A total 1453 patients were consecutively enrolled into the study and were followed telephonically after 30 days.
26304562	5	81	dep	RESULTS	1028:1034	arg1	followed					1110:1117	followed	1110:1117	were followed telephonically after 30 days	1105:1146	RESULTS A total 1453 patients were consecutively enrolled into the study and were followed telephonically after 30 days.
26304562	10	82	theme	Blood	1889:1893	arg1	transfusion					1895:1905	Blood transfusion	1889:1905	Blood transfusion	1889:1905	Only 4 patients (1.6%) treated with Bivalirudin required Blood transfusion compared to 25 in Heparin plus GPI (5.8%) and 38 (5%) in Heparin Monotherapy arm.
26304562	1	83	theme	economic	447:454	arg1	outcomes					456:463	economic outcomes	447:463	economic outcomes	447:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	3	84	theme	clinical	882:889	arg1	judgment					891:898	their own clinical judgment	872:898	their own clinical judgment	872:898	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	13	85	theme	patients	2256:2263	arg1	None					2244:2247	None	2244:2247	None of the patients	2244:2263	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	3	86	theme	operator	851:858	arg1	s					860:860	individual operator(s)	840:861	individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability	840:926	Patients were consecutively enrolled in the study and the choice of Anti-thrombotic strategy was left to individual operator(s) based on their own clinical judgment and patient's affordability.
26304562	0	87	theme	Glycoprotein	73:84	arg1	inhibitors					95:104	Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	73:104	Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors	73:104	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	7	88	dep	lowest	1374:1379	arg1	%					1423:1423	1.59%	1419:1423	1.59%	1419:1423	Incidence of major bleeding was lowest in patients treated with Bivalirudin (1.59%) when compared to Heparin plus GPI (3.49%) and Heparin monotherapy (5.97%), p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy, and p = 0.145, Bivalirudin vs. Heparin + GPI.
26304562	7	89	theme	p = 0.005	1501:1509	arg1	Bivalirudin					1511:1521	p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy	1501:1545	Bivalirudin	1511:1521	Incidence of major bleeding was lowest in patients treated with Bivalirudin (1.59%) when compared to Heparin plus GPI (3.49%) and Heparin monotherapy (5.97%), p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy, and p = 0.145, Bivalirudin vs. Heparin + GPI.
26304562	4	90	theme	Anti-Thrombotic	1002:1016	arg1	Strategy					1018:1025	Anti-Thrombotic Strategy	1002:1025	Anti-Thrombotic Strategy	1002:1025	No specific inclusion/exclusion criteria were specified on the choice of Anti-Thrombotic Strategy.
26304562	12	91	theme	stent	2126:2130	arg1	thrombosis					2132:2141	Early stent thrombosis	2120:2141	Early stent thrombosis	2120:2141	Early stent thrombosis was seen in 1 patient with Heparin plus GPI and none with Heparin monotherapy and Bivalirudin group.
26304562	11	92	theme	Bivalirudin	2064:2074	arg1	group					2076:2080	Bivalirudin group	2064:2080	Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI	2064:2117	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	17	93	theme	blood	3000:3004	arg1	hospital					3020:3027	hospital stay	3020:3032	hospital stay	3020:3032	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	17	93	theme	blood	3000:3004	arg1	mortality					3038:3046	mortality	3038:3046	mortality	3038:3046	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	17	93	theme	blood	3000:3004	arg1	transfusions					3006:3017	blood transfusions	3000:3017	blood transfusions	3000:3017	We observed a reduction in blood transfusions, hospital stay and mortality for patients treated with Bivalirudin compared with Heparin plus GPI or Heparin Monotherapy.
26304562	0	94	theme	Unfractionated	110:123	arg1	Heparin					125:131	Unfractionated Heparin	110:131	Unfractionated Heparin	110:131	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	11	95	located	observed	2052:2059	arg1	group					2076:2080	Bivalirudin group	2064:2080	Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI	2064:2117	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	11	95	located	observed	2052:2059	arg2	Mortality					2037:2045	no "All-cause Mortality"	2023:2046	no "All-cause Mortality"	2023:2046	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	11	95	located	observed	2052:2059	arg1	end-points					2011:2020	Composite Ischemic end-points	1992:2020	Composite Ischemic end-points	1992:2020	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	2	96	theme	consecutive	548:558	arg1	patients					560:567	consecutive patients	548:567	consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI)	548:623	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	97	theme	different	670:678	arg1	Strategies					696:705	three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies	664:705	three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population	664:732	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	16	98	theme	distinct	2859:2866	arg1	advantage					2868:2876	a distinct advantage	2857:2876	a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy	2857:2970	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	2	99	theme	world	717:721	arg1	population					723:732	a real world population	710:732	a real world population	710:732	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	13	100	theme	stent	2406:2410	arg1	thrombosis					2412:2421	one early stent thrombosis	2396:2421	procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI	2375:2452	None of the patients underwent TLR (target lesion revascularization) and TVR (target vessel revascularization) within 30 days post procedure other than one early stent thrombosis reported with Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	15	101	theme	drug	2794:2797	arg1	cost					2782:2785	higher acquisition cost	2763:2785	higher acquisition cost of the drug	2763:2797	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	2	102	theme	present	478:484	arg1	study					486:490	The present study	474:490	The present study	474:490	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	102	theme	present	478:484	arg1	center					504:509	a single center	495:509	a single center	495:509	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	0	103	theme	strategies	30:39	arg1	Comparison					0:9	Comparison	0:9	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.	0:241	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	7	104	dep	Heparin	1443:1449	arg1	monotherapy					1480:1490	monotherapy	1480:1490	monotherapy	1480:1490	Incidence of major bleeding was lowest in patients treated with Bivalirudin (1.59%) when compared to Heparin plus GPI (3.49%) and Heparin monotherapy (5.97%), p = 0.005 Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Monotherapy, and p = 0.145, Bivalirudin vs. Heparin + GPI.
26304562	14	105	theme	IIb/IIIa	2547:2554	arg1	p = 0.01					2561:2568	p = 0.01	2561:2568	p = 0.01	2561:2568	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	14	105	theme	IIb/IIIa	2547:2554	arg1	arm					2556:2558	GP IIb/IIIa arm	2544:2558	GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01)	2544:2569	Cost of blood product transfusion was lower with Bivalirudin as compared to Heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa arm (p = 0.01) and with Heparin alone (p = 0.001).
26304562	15	106	theme	acquisition	2770:2780	arg1	cost					2782:2785	higher acquisition cost	2763:2785	higher acquisition cost of the drug	2763:2797	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	2	107	theme	single	497:502	arg1	study					486:490	The present study	474:490	The present study	474:490	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	107	theme	single	497:502	arg1	study					539:543	prospective, observational study	512:543	prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI)	512:623	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	2	107	theme	single	497:502	arg1	center					504:509	a single center	495:509	a single center	495:509	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	11	108	from	%	2097:2097	arg1	GPI					2115:2117	GPI	2115:2117	GPI	2115:2117	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	11	108	from	%	2097:2097	arg1	Heparin					2102:2108	Heparin	2102:2108	Heparin	2102:2108	In Composite Ischemic end-points, no "All-cause Mortality" was observed in Bivalirudin group compared to 2.8% in Heparin plus GPI.
26304562	16	109	theme	Bivalirudin	2811:2821	arg1	use					2823:2825	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use	2800:2825	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI	2800:2836	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	1	110	theme	world	346:350	arg1	population					352:361	a real world population	339:361	a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	339:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26304562	2	111	dep	prospective	512:522	arg1	observational					525:537	observational	525:537	observational	525:537	METHODS The present study is a single center, prospective, observational study in consecutive patients undergoing PCI at Fortis Escorts Heart Institute (FEHI) and describes Authors' experience with three different Anti-Thrombotic Strategies in a real world population.
26304562	0	112	dep	Bivalirudin	47:57	arg1	Monotherapy					133:143	Monotherapy	133:143	Monotherapy	133:143	Comparison of anti-thrombotic strategies using Bivalirudin, Heparin plus Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention - A single centre observational study.
26304562	15	113	theme	blood	2644:2648	arg1	transfusions					2650:2661	blood transfusions	2644:2661	blood transfusions	2644:2661	Due to lower complications including blood transfusions and reduced hospital stay in Bivalirudin group, these benefits outweigh the incremental cost due to higher acquisition cost of the drug.
26304562	16	114	theme	bleeding	2926:2933	arg1	site					2921:2924	non-access site bleeding	2910:2933	non-access site bleeding	2910:2933	CONCLUSION Bivalirudin use during PCI is associated with a distinct advantage of having lower access site and non-access site bleeding without compromising on the efficacy.
26304562	8	115	from	%	1677:1677	arg1	patients					1682:1689	patients	1682:1689	patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH	1682:1745	No bleeding was observed in STEMI patients treated with Bivalirudin compared to 7.4% in patients treated with GPI and 14.3% in patients treated with UFH.
26304562	1	116	dep	AIMS	243:246	arg1	planned					262:268	planned	262:268	was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes	258:463	AIMS The study was planned to compare Anti-thrombotic strategies for patients undergoing PCI in a real world population with an emphasis on occurrence of major bleeding, composite ischemic end points and economic outcomes.
26668131	8	0	theme	correct	1635:1641	arg1	processing					1643:1652	processing	1643:1652	processing	1643:1652	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	4	1	theme	protein	620:626	arg1	glycosylation					650:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	620:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts	620:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	10	2	theme	O-linked	1815:1822	arg1	glycosylation					1824:1836	O-linked glycosylation	1815:1836	O-linked glycosylation	1815:1836	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	1	3	theme	undefined	276:284	arg1	mechanism					286:294	a yet undefined mechanism	270:294	a yet undefined mechanism	270:294	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	6	4	with	patients	1051:1058	arg1	INAD					1065:1068	INAD	1065:1068	INAD	1065:1068	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	1	5	theme	BACKGROUND	105:114	arg1	Mutations					116:124	BACKGROUND Mutations	105:124	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI,	105:200	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	5	6	gly	sialylation	900:910	arg1	fibroblasts					945:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	6	7	with	patient	1163:1169	arg1	dystonia-parkinsonism					1176:1196	dystonia-parkinsonism	1176:1196	dystonia-parkinsonism	1176:1196	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	4	8	theme	cultured	707:714	arg1	fibroblasts					721:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	2	9	from	factor	391:396	arg1	pathology					405:413	the pathology	401:413	the pathology of this disease	401:429	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	2	10	theme	protein	325:331	arg1	glycosylation					333:345	altered protein glycosylation	317:345	altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology	317:378	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	2	10	theme	protein	325:331	arg1	factor					391:396	a factor	389:396	a factor	389:396	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	1	11	theme	diffuse	230:236	arg1	formation					257:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	8	12	theme	sialylation	1544:1554	arg1	defects					1556:1562	sialylation defects	1544:1562	sialylation defects	1544:1562	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	5	13	theme	Golgi	916:920	arg1	morphology					922:931	Golgi morphology	916:931	Golgi morphology	916:931	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	4	14	theme	liquid	756:761	arg1	HPLC					779:782	HPLC	779:782	HPLC	779:782	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	14	theme	liquid	756:761	arg1	chromatography					763:776	high performance liquid chromatography	739:776	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	739:783	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	10	15	theme	PLAN	1893:1896	arg1	pathogenesis					1877:1888	the pathogenesis	1873:1888	the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders	1873:1942	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	8	16	theme	phenotypical	1571:1582	arg1	spectrum					1584:1591	the phenotypical spectrum	1567:1591	the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN	1567:1599	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	7	17	theme	type	1449:1452	arg1	overexpression					1426:1439	lentiviral overexpression	1415:1439	lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6	1415:1459	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	10	18	theme	neurodegenerative	1916:1932	arg1	disorders					1934:1942	other neurodegenerative disorders	1910:1942	other neurodegenerative disorders	1910:1942	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	5	19	from	morphology	922:931	arg1	fibroblasts					945:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	1	20	theme	phospholipase	175:187	arg1	A2					189:190	the calcium-independent phospholipase A2	151:190	the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI,	151:200	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	1	20	theme	phospholipase	175:187	arg1	PLA2G6					129:134	PLA2G6	129:134	PLA2G6	129:134	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	4	21	theme	high	739:742	arg1	HPLC					779:782	HPLC	779:782	HPLC	779:782	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	21	theme	high	739:742	arg1	chromatography					763:776	high performance liquid chromatography	739:776	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	739:783	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	7	22	theme	Golgi	1285:1289	arg1	morphology					1291:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	0	23	from	Disruption	0:9	arg1	neurodegeneration					86:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	4	24	theme	desorption	811:820	arg1	ionization--time					822:837	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time	789:837	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS)	789:880	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	3	25	contain	had	518:520	arg2	INAD					555:558	INAD	555:558	INAD	555:558	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	3	25	contain	had	518:520	arg2	dystrophy					544:552	infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy	522:552	infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD)	522:559	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	3	25	contain	had	518:520	arg1	two					514:516	two	514:516	two	514:516	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	1	26	dep	A2	189:190	arg1	group					192:196	group	192:196	group	192:196	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	9	27	theme	Lewy	1684:1687	arg1	features					1735:1742	two neuropathological features	1713:1742	two neuropathological features of PLAN	1713:1750	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	9	27	theme	Lewy	1684:1687	arg1	body					1689:1692	Lewy body	1684:1692	Lewy body	1684:1692	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	4	28	theme	matrix-assisted	789:803	arg1	desorption					811:820	matrix-assisted laser desorption	789:820	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS)	789:880	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	0	29	theme	Golgi	14:18	arg1	morphology					20:29	Golgi morphology	14:29	Golgi morphology	14:29	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	3	30	theme	METHODS	432:438	arg1	patients					446:453	METHODS Three patients	432:453	METHODS Three patients	432:453	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	8	31	theme	altered	1491:1497	arg1	morphology					1505:1514	altered Golgi morphology	1491:1514	altered Golgi morphology	1491:1514	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	0	32	theme	protein	43:49	arg1	glycosylation					51:63	altered protein glycosylation	35:63	altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	35:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	6	33	theme	PLA2G6	1202:1207	arg1	mutations					1209:1217	PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A]	1202:1251	PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A]	1202:1251	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	8	34	theme	O-linked	1517:1524	arg1	glycosylation					1526:1538	O-linked glycosylation	1517:1538	O-linked glycosylation	1517:1538	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	2	35	theme	Golgi	363:367	arg1	morphology					369:378	abnormal Golgi morphology	354:378	abnormal Golgi morphology	354:378	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	1	36	theme	body	252:255	arg1	formation					257:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	4	37	theme	O-linked	641:648	arg1	glycosylation					650:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	620:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts	620:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	1	38	from	Mutations	116:124	arg1	A2					189:190	the calcium-independent phospholipase A2	151:190	the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI,	151:200	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	1	38	from	Mutations	116:124	arg1	PLA2G6					129:134	PLA2G6	129:134	PLA2G6	129:134	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	0	39	gly	glycosylation	51:63	arg1	neurodegeneration					86:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	0	39	gly	glycosylation	51:63	arg1	morphology					20:29	Golgi morphology	14:29	Golgi morphology	14:29	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	7	40	theme	O-linked	1331:1338	arg1	glycosylation					1340:1352	O-linked glycosylation	1331:1352	O-linked glycosylation	1331:1352	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	7	41	theme	altered	1277:1283	arg1	morphology					1291:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	3	42	theme	neuroaxonal	532:542	arg1	dystrophy					544:552	infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy	522:552	infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD)	522:559	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	3	42	theme	neuroaxonal	532:542	arg1	INAD					555:558	INAD	555:558	INAD	555:558	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	2	43	theme	altered	317:323	arg1	glycosylation					333:345	altered protein glycosylation	317:345	altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology	317:378	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	2	43	theme	altered	317:323	arg1	factor					391:396	a factor	389:396	a factor	389:396	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	4	44	theme	N-linked	628:635	arg1	glycosylation					650:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	620:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts	620:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	10	45	link	O-linked	1815:1822	arg1	glycosylation					1824:1836	O-linked glycosylation	1815:1836	O-linked glycosylation	1815:1836	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	8	46	dep	CONCLUSIONS	1462:1472	arg1	add					1487:1489	add	1487:1489	add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN	1487:1599	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	5	47	theme	cultured	936:943	arg1	fibroblasts					945:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	3	48	theme	adult-onset	573:583	arg1	dystonia-parkinsonism					585:605	adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism	573:605	adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism	573:605	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	10	49	theme	other	1910:1914	arg1	disorders					1934:1942	other neurodegenerative disorders	1910:1942	other neurodegenerative disorders	1910:1942	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	1	50	theme	cortical	238:245	arg1	formation					257:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	7	51	link	O-linked	1331:1338	arg1	glycosylation					1340:1352	O-linked glycosylation	1331:1352	O-linked glycosylation	1331:1352	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	6	52	dep	RESULTS	1039:1045	arg1	had					1198:1200	had	1198:1200	had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A]	1198:1251	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	6	52	dep	RESULTS	1039:1045	arg1	had					1070:1072	had	1070:1072	had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T]	1070:1153	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	5	53	theme	rescue	993:998	arg1	experiments					1000:1010	rescue experiments	993:1010	rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector	993:1036	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	4	54	theme	performance	744:754	arg1	HPLC					779:782	HPLC	779:782	HPLC	779:782	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	54	theme	performance	744:754	arg1	chromatography					763:776	high performance liquid chromatography	739:776	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	739:783	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	55	theme	spectrometry	854:865	arg1	ionization--time					822:837	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time	789:837	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS)	789:880	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	55	theme	spectrometry	854:865	arg1	HPLC					779:782	HPLC	779:782	HPLC	779:782	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	55	theme	spectrometry	854:865	arg1	chromatography					763:776	high performance liquid chromatography	739:776	high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)	739:783	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	5	56	from	sialylation	900:910	arg1	fibroblasts					945:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	cultured fibroblasts	936:955	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	8	57	theme	PLAN	1596:1599	arg1	spectrum					1584:1591	the phenotypical spectrum	1567:1591	the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN	1567:1599	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	10	58	theme	Golgi	1797:1801	arg1	morphology					1803:1812	Golgi morphology	1797:1812	Golgi morphology	1797:1812	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	0	59	theme	PLA2G6-associated	68:84	arg1	neurodegeneration					86:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	10	60	theme	disorders	1934:1942	arg1	pathogenesis					1877:1888	the pathogenesis	1873:1888	the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders	1873:1942	Therefore, Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of PLAN and perhaps other neurodegenerative disorders.
26668131	1	61	theme	calcium-independent	155:173	arg1	A2					189:190	the calcium-independent phospholipase A2	151:190	the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI,	151:200	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	1	61	theme	calcium-independent	155:173	arg1	PLA2G6					129:134	PLA2G6	129:134	PLA2G6	129:134	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	8	62	link	O-linked	1517:1524	arg1	glycosylation					1526:1538	O-linked glycosylation	1517:1538	O-linked glycosylation	1517:1538	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	7	63	theme	wild	1444:1447	arg1	type					1449:1452	wild type PLA2G6	1444:1459	wild type PLA2G6	1444:1459	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	4	64	theme	skin	716:719	arg1	fibroblasts					721:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	65	from	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	plasma					688:693	plasma	688:693	plasma	688:693	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	65	from	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	fluid					681:685	cerebrospinal fluid	667:685	cerebrospinal fluid	667:685	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	65	from	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	fibroblasts					721:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	65	from	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	urine					696:700	urine	696:700	urine	696:700	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	66	gly	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	plasma					688:693	plasma	688:693	plasma	688:693	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	66	gly	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	fluid					681:685	cerebrospinal fluid	667:685	cerebrospinal fluid	667:685	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	66	gly	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	fibroblasts					721:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	cultured skin fibroblasts	707:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	66	gly	glycosylation	650:662	arg1	urine					696:700	urine	696:700	urine	696:700	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	6	67	theme	PLA2G6	1074:1079	arg1	mutations					1081:1089	PLA2G6 mutations	1074:1089	PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup]	1074:1127	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	0	68	from	glycosylation	51:63	arg1	neurodegeneration					86:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	68:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	4	69	theme	laser	805:809	arg1	desorption					811:820	matrix-assisted laser desorption	789:820	matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS)	789:880	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	7	70	theme	lentiviral	1415:1424	arg1	overexpression					1426:1439	lentiviral overexpression	1415:1439	lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6	1415:1459	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	3	71	theme	PLA2G6-associated	470:486	arg1	PLAN					507:510	PLAN	507:510	PLAN	507:510	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	3	71	theme	PLA2G6-associated	470:486	arg1	neurodegeneration					488:504	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	470:504	PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN)	470:511	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	5	72	theme	lentiviral	1020:1029	arg1	vector					1031:1036	a lentiviral vector	1018:1036	a lentiviral vector	1018:1036	We also assessed sialylation and Golgi morphology in cultured fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and performed rescue experiments using a lentiviral vector.
26668131	1	73	dep	group	192:196	arg1	VI					198:199	VI	198:199	VI	198:199	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	6	74	contain	had	1198:1200	arg1	patient					1163:1169	the patient	1159:1169	the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism	1159:1196	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	6	74	contain	had	1198:1200	arg2	mutations					1209:1217	PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A]	1202:1251	PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A]	1202:1251	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	0	75	theme	morphology	20:29	arg1	Disruption					0:9	Disruption	0:9	Disruption of Golgi morphology	0:29	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	0	75	theme	morphology	20:29	arg1	glycosylation					51:63	altered protein glycosylation	35:63	altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	35:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	7	76	dep	protein	1323:1329	arg1	glycosylation					1340:1352	O-linked glycosylation	1331:1352	O-linked glycosylation	1331:1352	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	6	77	contain	had	1070:1072	arg1	patients					1051:1058	The patients	1047:1058	The patients with INAD	1047:1068	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	6	77	contain	had	1070:1072	arg2	[2221C>T					1145:1152	[2221C>T	1145:1152	[2221C>T	1145:1152	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	6	77	contain	had	1070:1072	arg2	mutations					1081:1089	PLA2G6 mutations	1074:1089	PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup]	1074:1127	RESULTS The patients with INAD had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[950G>T];[426-1077dup] and c.[1799G>A];[2221C>T] and the patient with dystonia-parkinsonism had PLA2G6 mutations NM_003560.2: c.[609G>A];[2222G>A].
26668131	8	78	theme	proteins	1674:1681	arg1	distribution					1658:1669	distribution	1658:1669	distribution	1658:1669	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	8	78	theme	proteins	1674:1681	arg1	processing					1643:1652	processing	1643:1652	processing	1643:1652	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	0	79	theme	altered	35:41	arg1	glycosylation					51:63	altered protein glycosylation	35:63	altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration	35:102	Disruption of Golgi morphology and altered protein glycosylation in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration.
26668131	9	80	theme	Tau	1698:1700	arg1	pathology					1702:1710	Tau pathology	1698:1710	Tau pathology	1698:1710	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	7	81	theme	cultured	1373:1380	arg1	fibroblasts					1382:1392	cultured fibroblasts	1373:1392	cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6	1373:1459	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	2	82	theme	disease	423:429	arg1	pathology					405:413	the pathology	401:413	the pathology of this disease	401:429	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	4	83	link	O-linked	641:648	arg1	glycosylation					650:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	620:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts	620:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	7	84	theme	sialylation	1358:1368	arg1	abnormalities					1306:1318	abnormalities	1306:1318	abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation	1306:1368	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	7	84	theme	sialylation	1358:1368	arg1	morphology					1291:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	3	85	contain	had	569:571	arg1	one					565:567	one	565:567	one	565:567	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	3	85	contain	had	569:571	arg2	dystonia-parkinsonism					585:605	adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism	573:605	adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism	573:605	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	8	86	theme	Golgi	1499:1503	arg1	morphology					1505:1514	altered Golgi morphology	1491:1514	altered Golgi morphology	1491:1514	CONCLUSIONS Our findings add altered Golgi morphology, O-linked glycosylation and sialylation defects to the phenotypical spectrum of PLAN; these pathways are essential for correct processing and distribution of proteins.
26668131	7	87	contain	had	1273:1275	arg1	patients					1264:1271	All three patients	1254:1271	All three patients	1254:1271	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	7	87	contain	had	1273:1275	arg2	abnormalities					1306:1318	abnormalities	1306:1318	abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation	1306:1368	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	7	87	contain	had	1273:1275	arg2	morphology					1291:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	3	88	theme	infantile	522:530	arg1	dystrophy					544:552	infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy	522:552	infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD)	522:559	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	3	88	theme	infantile	522:530	arg1	INAD					555:558	INAD	555:558	INAD	555:558	METHODS Three patients presented with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN); two had infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and one had adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism.
26668131	9	89	theme	PLAN	1747:1750	arg1	features					1735:1742	two neuropathological features	1713:1742	two neuropathological features of PLAN	1713:1750	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	9	89	theme	PLAN	1747:1750	arg1	body					1689:1692	Lewy body	1684:1692	Lewy body	1684:1692	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	4	90	link	N-linked	628:635	arg1	glycosylation					650:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation	620:662	protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts	620:731	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	9	91	theme	neuropathological	1717:1733	arg1	features					1735:1742	two neuropathological features	1713:1742	two neuropathological features of PLAN	1713:1750	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	9	91	theme	neuropathological	1717:1733	arg1	body					1689:1692	Lewy body	1684:1692	Lewy body	1684:1692	Lewy body and Tau pathology, two neuropathological features of PLAN, could emerge from these defects.
26668131	4	92	theme	flight/mass	842:852	arg1	MALDI-TOF/MS					868:879	MALDI-TOF/MS	868:879	MALDI-TOF/MS	868:879	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	4	92	theme	flight/mass	842:852	arg1	spectrometry					854:865	flight/mass spectrometry	842:865	flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS)	842:880	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
26668131	2	93	theme	abnormal	354:361	arg1	morphology					369:378	abnormal Golgi morphology	354:378	abnormal Golgi morphology	354:378	We assessed whether altered protein glycosylation due to abnormal Golgi morphology might be a factor in the pathology of this disease.
26668131	1	94	theme	Lewy	247:250	arg1	formation					257:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	diffuse cortical Lewy body formation	230:265	BACKGROUND Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VI, cause neurodegeneration and diffuse cortical Lewy body formation by a yet undefined mechanism.
26668131	7	95	theme	protein	1323:1329	arg1	abnormalities					1306:1318	abnormalities	1306:1318	abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation	1306:1368	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	7	95	theme	protein	1323:1329	arg1	morphology					1291:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	altered Golgi morphology	1277:1300	All three patients had altered Golgi morphology and abnormalities of protein O-linked glycosylation and sialylation in cultured fibroblasts that were rescued by lentiviral overexpression of wild type PLA2G6.
26668131	4	96	theme	cerebrospinal	667:679	arg1	fluid					681:685	cerebrospinal fluid	667:685	cerebrospinal fluid	667:685	We analysed protein N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, urine, and cultured skin fibroblasts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization--time of flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS).
24969143	2	0	theme	idiopathic	460:469	arg1	IBD					471:473	idiopathic IBD	460:473	idiopathic IBD	460:473	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	0	1	from	microbiota	15:24	arg1	diseases					48:55	inflammatory bowel diseases	29:55	inflammatory bowel diseases	29:55	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	3	2	from	increase	708:715	arg1	diversity					599:607	diversity	599:607	diversity	599:607	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	2	from	increase	708:715	arg1	bacteria					732:739	detrimental bacteria	720:739	detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli)	720:797	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	2	3	from	variety	377:383	arg1	Evidence					361:368	Evidence	361:368	Evidence from a variety of disciplines	361:398	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	1	4	theme	ulcerative	133:142	arg1	phenotypes					175:184	the two major phenotypes	161:184	the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	161:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	4	theme	ulcerative	133:142	arg1	UC					153:154	UC	153:154	UC	153:154	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	4	theme	ulcerative	133:142	arg1	disease					116:122	Crohn's disease	108:122	Crohn's disease (CD)	108:127	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	4	theme	ulcerative	133:142	arg1	colitis					144:150	ulcerative colitis	133:150	ulcerative colitis (UC)	133:155	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	6	5	dep	approach	1188:1195	arg1	restore					1200:1206	restore	1200:1206	restore the composition of the microbiota	1200:1240	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	6	5	dep	approach	1188:1195	arg1	correct					1246:1252	correct	1246:1252	correct the underlying imbalance	1246:1277	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	4	6	theme	attractive	930:939	arg1	option					953:958	an attractive therapeutic option	927:958	an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects	927:980	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	4	6	theme	attractive	930:939	arg1	Therapies					800:808	Therapies	800:808	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim	800:846	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	4	6	theme	attractive	930:939	arg1	prebiotics					818:827	prebiotics	818:827	prebiotics	818:827	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	4	6	theme	attractive	930:939	arg1	probiotics					833:842	probiotics	833:842	probiotics	833:842	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	3	7	theme	commensal	649:657	arg1	members					659:665	some dominant commensal members	635:665	some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa)	635:699	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	9	8	theme	bacteria	1760:1767	arg1	selection					1729:1737	a better selection	1720:1737	a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits	1720:1822	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	5	9	dep	E.	1111:1112	arg1	coli					1114:1117	coli	1114:1117	coli	1114:1117	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	1	10	theme	relapsing	304:312	arg1	inflammation					314:325	a relapsing inflammation	302:325	a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	302:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	6	11	dep	microbiota	1291:1300	arg1	FMT					1319:1321	FMT	1319:1321	FMT	1319:1321	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	6	11	dep	microbiota	1291:1300	arg1	transplantation					1302:1316	transplantation	1302:1316	a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)	1282:1322	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	5	12	theme	E.	1111:1112	arg1	Nissle					1119:1124	E. coli Nissle	1111:1124	E. coli Nissle	1111:1124	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	3	13	theme	Many	521:524	arg1	studies					526:532	Many studies	521:532	Many studies	521:532	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	14	theme	reducing	759:766	arg1	bacteria					768:775	sulphate reducing bacteria	750:775	sulphate reducing bacteria	750:775	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	0	15	theme	faecal	84:89	arg1	transplantation					91:105	faecal transplantation	84:105	faecal transplantation	84:105	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	5	16	theme	VSL	1101:1103	arg1	#					1104:1104	VSL#3	1101:1105	VSL#3	1101:1105	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	3	17	theme	Clostridium	676:686	arg1	IV					688:689	Clostridium IV	676:689	Clostridium IV	676:689	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	2	18	theme	complications	485:497	arg1	pathogenesis					444:455	the pathogenesis	440:455	the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis	440:518	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	7	19	theme	recalcitrant	1387:1398	arg1	infection					1422:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	FMT has been successfully applied to treat patients with even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection.
24969143	9	20	theme	better	1722:1727	arg1	selection					1729:1737	a better selection	1720:1737	a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits	1720:1822	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	4	21	theme	few	965:967	arg1	effects					974:980	few side effects	965:980	few side effects	965:980	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	1	22	dep	chronic	254:260	arg1	debilitating					263:274	debilitating	263:274	debilitating	263:274	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	6	23	theme	drastic	1180:1186	arg1	approach					1188:1195	A more drastic approach	1173:1195	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance	1173:1277	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	6	23	theme	drastic	1180:1186	arg1	microbiota					1291:1300	a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)	1282:1322	a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)	1282:1322	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	3	24	theme	sulphate	750:757	arg1	bacteria					768:775	sulphate reducing bacteria	750:775	sulphate reducing bacteria	750:775	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	25	from	decrease	587:594	arg1	diversity					599:607	diversity	599:607	diversity	599:607	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	25	from	decrease	587:594	arg1	bacteria					732:739	detrimental bacteria	720:739	detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli)	720:797	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	2	26	theme	intestinal	415:424	arg1	microbiota					426:435	the intestinal microbiota	411:435	the intestinal microbiota	411:435	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	1	27	theme	intestinal	334:343	arg1	lining					353:358	the intestinal mucosal lining	330:358	the intestinal mucosal lining	330:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	9	28	theme	components	1680:1689	arg1	function					1642:1649	function	1642:1649	function	1642:1649	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	9	28	theme	components	1680:1689	arg1	composition					1626:1636	composition	1626:1636	composition	1626:1636	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	5	29	dep	found	1018:1022	arg1	whereas					1088:1094	whereas	1088:1094	whereas	1088:1094	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	5	30	from	remission	1064:1072	arg1	pouchitis					1077:1085	pouchitis	1077:1085	pouchitis	1077:1085	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	9	31	from	knowledge	1609:1617	arg1	function					1642:1649	function	1642:1649	function	1642:1649	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	9	31	from	knowledge	1609:1617	arg1	composition					1626:1636	composition	1626:1636	composition	1626:1636	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	9	32	dep	composition	1626:1636	arg1	the					1622:1624	the	1622:1624	the	1622:1624	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	9	33	theme	performing	1749:1758	arg1	bacteria					1760:1767	highly performing bacteria	1742:1767	highly performing bacteria	1742:1767	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	3	34	theme	decreased	612:620	arg1	abundance					622:630	a decreased abundance	610:630	a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa)	610:699	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	35	dep	members	659:665	arg1	such					668:671	such	668:671	such	668:671	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	9	36	theme	increasing	1598:1607	arg1	knowledge					1609:1617	our increasing knowledge	1594:1617	our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components	1594:1689	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	4	37	with	option	953:958	arg1	effects					974:980	few side effects	965:980	few side effects	965:980	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	9	38	theme	specific	1774:1781	arg1	functions					1783:1791	specific functions	1774:1791	specific functions required for specific benefits	1774:1822	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	2	39	theme	disciplines	388:398	arg1	disciplines					388:398	disciplines	388:398	disciplines	388:398	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	2	39	theme	disciplines	388:398	arg1	variety					377:383	a variety	375:383	a variety of disciplines	375:398	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	6	40	theme	underlying	1258:1267	arg1	imbalance					1269:1277	the underlying imbalance	1254:1277	the underlying imbalance	1254:1277	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	1	41	theme	mucosal	345:351	arg1	lining					353:358	the intestinal mucosal lining	330:358	the intestinal mucosal lining	330:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	9	42	with	selection	1729:1737	arg1	functions					1783:1791	specific functions	1774:1791	specific functions required for specific benefits	1774:1822	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	0	43	theme	bowel	42:46	arg1	diseases					48:55	inflammatory bowel diseases	29:55	inflammatory bowel diseases	29:55	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	1	44	theme	lining	353:358	arg1	inflammation					314:325	a relapsing inflammation	302:325	a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	302:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	7	45	with	patients	1368:1375	arg1	infection					1422:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	FMT has been successfully applied to treat patients with even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection.
24969143	9	46	theme	specific	1806:1813	arg1	benefits					1815:1822	specific benefits	1806:1822	specific benefits	1806:1822	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	1	47	theme	major	169:173	arg1	colitis					144:150	ulcerative colitis	133:150	ulcerative colitis (UC)	133:155	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	47	theme	major	169:173	arg1	disease					116:122	Crohn's disease	108:122	Crohn's disease (CD)	108:127	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	47	theme	major	169:173	arg1	phenotypes					175:184	the two major phenotypes	161:184	the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	161:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	0	48	theme	inflammatory	29:40	arg1	diseases					48:55	inflammatory bowel diseases	29:55	inflammatory bowel diseases	29:55	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	1	49	theme	chronic	254:260	arg1	diseases					276:283	chronic, debilitating diseases	254:283	chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	254:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	4	50	theme	intestinal	878:887	arg1	microbiota					889:898	the intestinal microbiota	874:898	the intestinal microbiota	874:898	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	7	51	theme	Clostridium	1400:1410	arg1	infection					1422:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	FMT has been successfully applied to treat patients with even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection.
24969143	8	52	theme	effective	1504:1512	arg1	FMT					1490:1492	FMT	1490:1492	FMT	1490:1492	Particularly in UC, the majority of studies suggest that FMT may be an effective treatment option although the evidence is still limited.
24969143	8	52	theme	effective	1504:1512	arg1	option					1524:1529	an effective treatment option	1501:1529	an effective treatment option	1501:1529	Particularly in UC, the majority of studies suggest that FMT may be an effective treatment option although the evidence is still limited.
24969143	4	53	theme	side	969:972	arg1	effects					974:980	few side effects	965:980	few side effects	965:980	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	3	54	theme	detrimental	720:730	arg1	bacteria					732:739	detrimental bacteria	720:739	detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli)	720:797	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	5	55	theme	VSL	1008:1010	arg1	#					1011:1011	VSL#3	1008:1012	The multispecies product VSL#3	983:1012	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	8	56	theme	studies	1469:1475	arg1	majority					1457:1464	the majority	1453:1464	the majority of studies	1453:1475	Particularly in UC, the majority of studies suggest that FMT may be an effective treatment option although the evidence is still limited.
24969143	3	57	theme	members	659:665	arg1	decrease					587:594	a decrease	585:594	a decrease in diversity	585:607	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	57	theme	members	659:665	arg1	abundance					622:630	a decreased abundance	610:630	a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa)	610:699	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	57	theme	members	659:665	arg1	increase					708:715	an increase	705:715	an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli)	705:797	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	8	58	theme	treatment	1514:1522	arg1	FMT					1490:1492	FMT	1490:1492	FMT	1490:1492	Particularly in UC, the majority of studies suggest that FMT may be an effective treatment option although the evidence is still limited.
24969143	8	58	theme	treatment	1514:1522	arg1	option					1524:1529	an effective treatment option	1501:1529	an effective treatment option	1501:1529	Particularly in UC, the majority of studies suggest that FMT may be an effective treatment option although the evidence is still limited.
24969143	6	59	theme	microbiota	1231:1240	arg1	composition					1212:1222	the composition	1208:1222	the composition of the microbiota	1208:1240	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	5	60	theme	multispecies	987:998	arg1	product					1000:1006	The multispecies product VSL#3	983:1012	The multispecies product VSL#3	983:1012	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	4	61	dep	prebiotics	818:827	arg1	aim					844:846	aim	844:846	aim	844:846	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	1	62	theme	diseases	276:283	arg1	spectrum					242:249	a spectrum	240:249	a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	240:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	9	63	theme	intestinal	1658:1667	arg1	components					1680:1689	the intestinal microbiota components	1654:1689	the intestinal microbiota components	1654:1689	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	3	64	theme	dominant	640:647	arg1	members					659:665	some dominant commensal members	635:665	some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa)	635:699	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	7	65	theme	difficile	1412:1420	arg1	infection					1422:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection	1382:1430	FMT has been successfully applied to treat patients with even recalcitrant Clostridium difficile infection.
24969143	9	66	theme	microbiota	1669:1678	arg1	components					1680:1689	the intestinal microbiota components	1654:1689	the intestinal microbiota components	1654:1689	It is anticipated that our increasing knowledge on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota components will allow in the future for a better selection of highly performing bacteria with specific functions required for specific benefits.
24969143	6	67	theme	faecal	1284:1289	arg1	microbiota					1291:1300	a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)	1282:1322	a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)	1282:1322	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	6	67	theme	faecal	1284:1289	arg1	approach					1188:1195	A more drastic approach	1173:1195	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance	1173:1277	A more drastic approach to restore the composition of the microbiota and correct the underlying imbalance is a faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
24969143	1	68	theme	inflammatory	189:200	arg1	IBD					218:220	IBD	218:220	IBD	218:220	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	68	theme	inflammatory	189:200	arg1	diseases					208:215	inflammatory bowel diseases	189:215	inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	189:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	3	69	from	abundance	622:630	arg1	diversity					599:607	diversity	599:607	diversity	599:607	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	69	from	abundance	622:630	arg1	bacteria					732:739	detrimental bacteria	720:739	detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli)	720:797	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	3	70	from	dysbiosis	550:558	arg1	IBD					563:565	IBD	563:565	IBD	563:565	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	1	71	theme	bowel	202:206	arg1	IBD					218:220	IBD	218:220	IBD	218:220	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	71	theme	bowel	202:206	arg1	diseases					208:215	inflammatory bowel diseases	189:215	inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	189:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	2	72	theme	IBD	471:473	arg1	pathogenesis					444:455	the pathogenesis	440:455	the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis	440:518	Evidence from a variety of disciplines implicates the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of idiopathic IBD and their complications, including pouchitis.
24969143	4	73	theme	therapeutic	941:951	arg1	option					953:958	an attractive therapeutic option	927:958	an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects	927:980	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	4	73	theme	therapeutic	941:951	arg1	Therapies					800:808	Therapies	800:808	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim	800:846	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	4	73	theme	therapeutic	941:951	arg1	prebiotics					818:827	prebiotics	818:827	prebiotics	818:827	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	4	73	theme	therapeutic	941:951	arg1	probiotics					833:842	probiotics	833:842	probiotics	833:842	Therapies such as prebiotics and probiotics aim to selectively manipulate the intestinal microbiota and have been evaluated as an attractive therapeutic option with few side effects.
24969143	0	74	dep	Modulating	0:9	arg1	probiotics					70:79	probiotics	70:79	probiotics	70:79	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	0	74	dep	Modulating	0:9	arg1	transplantation					91:105	faecal transplantation	84:105	faecal transplantation	84:105	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	0	74	dep	Modulating	0:9	arg1	prebiotics					58:67	prebiotics	58:67	prebiotics	58:67	Modulating the microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: prebiotics, probiotics or faecal transplantation?
24969143	3	75	dep	bacteria	732:739	arg1	such					742:745	such	742:745	such	742:745	Many studies have reported a dysbiosis in IBD, characterised by a decrease in diversity, a decreased abundance of some dominant commensal members (such as Clostridium IV and XIVa) and an increase in detrimental bacteria (such as sulphate reducing bacteria and Escherichia coli).
24969143	5	76	dep	product	1000:1006	arg1	#					1011:1011	VSL#3	1008:1012	The multispecies product VSL#3	983:1012	The multispecies product VSL#3 was found effective in preventing and maintaining remission in pouchitis, whereas both VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle were effective in maintaining remission in UC.
24969143	1	77	theme	diseases	208:215	arg1	colitis					144:150	ulcerative colitis	133:150	ulcerative colitis (UC)	133:155	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	77	theme	diseases	208:215	arg1	disease					116:122	Crohn's disease	108:122	Crohn's disease (CD)	108:127	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24969143	1	77	theme	diseases	208:215	arg1	phenotypes					175:184	the two major phenotypes	161:184	the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining	161:358	Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) which constitute a spectrum of chronic, debilitating diseases characterised by a relapsing inflammation of the intestinal mucosal lining.
24016842	6	0	dep	%	1129:1129	arg1	25					1127:1128	25	1127:1128	25	1127:1128	This result, along with the increase in elastic matrix production, demonstrates the benefits of incorporating as little as 25% w/w collagen into the conduit.
24016842	1	1	theme	engineered	190:199	arg1	grafts					210:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	Improving elastic matrix generation is critical to developing functional tissue engineered vascular grafts.
24016842	5	2	theme	faster	795:800	arg1	healing					808:814	a faster wound healing	793:814	a faster wound healing response	793:823	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	3	theme	wound	802:806	arg1	healing					808:814	a faster wound healing	793:814	a faster wound healing response	793:823	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	1	4	theme	vascular	201:208	arg1	grafts					210:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	Improving elastic matrix generation is critical to developing functional tissue engineered vascular grafts.
24016842	9	5	theme	implanted	1539:1547	arg1	composition					1558:1568	implanted scaffold composition	1539:1568	implanted scaffold composition	1539:1568	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	2	6	theme	elastogenic	324:334	arg1	cells					336:340	potentially more elastogenic cells	307:340	potentially more elastogenic cells	307:340	Therefore, this study pursued a strategy to grow autologous tissue in vivo by recruiting potentially more elastogenic cells to conduits implanted within the peritoneal cavity.
24016842	9	7	theme	development	1578:1588	arg1	importance					1501:1510	the importance	1497:1510	the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o	1497:1629	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	7	8	theme	PCR	1175:1177	arg1	analysis					1179:1186	PCR analysis	1175:1186	PCR analysis	1175:1186	In addition, PCR analysis demonstrated the challenges in differentiating between a myofibroblast and an SMC using traditional phenotypic markers.
24016842	5	9	dep	assessed	829:836	arg1	compared					951:958	compared	951:958	compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone	951:1001	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	3	10	theme	cells	544:548	arg1	recruitment					518:528	the recruitment	514:528	the recruitment of peritoneal cells	514:548	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	5	11	from	trends	841:846	arg1	deposition					939:948	matrix deposition	932:948	matrix deposition	932:948	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	11	from	trends	841:846	arg1	expression					851:860	expression	851:860	expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	851:923	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	12	theme	chronic	972:978	arg1	response					980:987	the more chronic response	963:987	the more chronic response for PCL alone	963:1001	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	6	13	theme	matrix	1052:1057	arg1	production					1059:1068	elastic matrix production	1044:1068	elastic matrix production	1044:1068	This result, along with the increase in elastic matrix production, demonstrates the benefits of incorporating as little as 25% w/w collagen into the conduit.
24016842	3	14	theme	oligomer	482:489	arg1	modification					498:509	hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification	471:509	hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification	471:509	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	5	15	theme	contractile	905:915	arg1	markers					917:923	macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	865:923	macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	865:923	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	0	16	theme	conduits	55:62	arg1	Composition					0:10	Composition	0:10	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits	0:62	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits modulates cellular elastic matrix generation.
24016842	9	17	theme	scaffold	1549:1556	arg1	composition					1558:1568	implanted scaffold composition	1539:1568	implanted scaffold composition	1539:1568	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	5	18	theme	smooth	880:885	arg1	SMC					900:902	SMC	900:902	SMC	900:902	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	18	theme	smooth	880:885	arg1	cell					894:897	smooth muscle cell	880:897	smooth muscle cell (SMC)	880:903	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	3	19	from	impacts	424:430	arg1	recruitment					518:528	the recruitment	514:528	the recruitment of peritoneal cells	514:548	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	9	20	theme	composition	1558:1568	arg1	control					1528:1534	careful control	1520:1534	careful control of implanted scaffold composition	1520:1568	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	9	20	theme	composition	1558:1568	arg1	development					1578:1588	the development	1574:1588	the development of appropriate delivery methods	1574:1620	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	5	21	theme	muscle	887:892	arg1	SMC					900:902	SMC	900:902	SMC	900:902	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	21	theme	muscle	887:892	arg1	cell					894:897	smooth muscle cell	880:897	smooth muscle cell (SMC)	880:903	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	1	22	theme	elastic	120:126	arg1	generation					135:144	elastic matrix generation	120:144	elastic matrix generation	120:144	Improving elastic matrix generation is critical to developing functional tissue engineered vascular grafts.
24016842	7	23	theme	traditional	1276:1286	arg1	markers					1299:1305	traditional phenotypic markers	1276:1305	traditional phenotypic markers	1276:1305	In addition, PCR analysis demonstrated the challenges in differentiating between a myofibroblast and an SMC using traditional phenotypic markers.
24016842	3	24	theme	hyaluronan	471:480	arg1	modification					498:509	hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification	471:509	hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification	471:509	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	0	25	theme	implanted	33:41	arg1	conduits					55:62	intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits	15:62	intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits	15:62	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits modulates cellular elastic matrix generation.
24016842	5	26	theme	collagen	743:750	arg1	blending					731:738	the blending	727:738	the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)	727:782	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	6	27	from	increase	1032:1039	arg1	production					1059:1068	elastic matrix production	1044:1068	elastic matrix production	1044:1068	This result, along with the increase in elastic matrix production, demonstrates the benefits of incorporating as little as 25% w/w collagen into the conduit.
24016842	1	28	theme	matrix	128:133	arg1	generation					135:144	elastic matrix generation	120:144	elastic matrix generation	120:144	Improving elastic matrix generation is critical to developing functional tissue engineered vascular grafts.
24016842	8	29	theme	inflammatory	1371:1382	arg1	environment					1384:1394	the inflammatory environment	1367:1394	the inflammatory environment	1367:1394	Finally, the impact of the tethered HA-o is limited within the inflammatory environment, unlike the significant response found previously in vitro.
24016842	3	30	theme	modification	498:509	arg1	impacts					424:430	the impacts	420:430	the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells	420:548	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	6	31	theme	w/w	1131:1133	arg1	collagen					1135:1142	as little as 25% w/w collagen	1114:1142	as little as 25% w/w collagen	1114:1142	This result, along with the increase in elastic matrix production, demonstrates the benefits of incorporating as little as 25% w/w collagen into the conduit.
24016842	8	32	theme	tethered	1335:1342	arg1	HA-o					1344:1347	the tethered HA-o	1331:1347	the tethered HA-o	1331:1347	Finally, the impact of the tethered HA-o is limited within the inflammatory environment, unlike the significant response found previously in vitro.
24016842	3	33	theme	elastic	597:603	arg1	matrix					605:610	elastic matrix	597:610	elastic matrix	597:610	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	9	34	theme	careful	1520:1526	arg1	control					1528:1534	careful control	1520:1534	careful control of implanted scaffold composition	1520:1568	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	4	35	theme	conduit	660:666	arg1	time					698:701	conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	660:701	conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	660:701	These responses were assessed as a function of conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time.
24016842	3	36	theme	conduit	447:453	arg1	composition					455:465	electrospun conduit composition	435:465	electrospun conduit composition	435:465	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	3	37	theme	peritoneal	533:542	arg1	cells					544:548	peritoneal cells	533:548	peritoneal cells	533:548	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	4	38	theme	time	698:701	arg1	function					648:655	a function	646:655	a function of conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	646:701	These responses were assessed as a function of conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time.
24016842	4	38	theme	time	698:701	arg1	responses					619:627	These responses	613:627	These responses	613:627	These responses were assessed as a function of conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time.
24016842	2	39	theme	autologous	267:276	arg1	tissue					278:283	autologous tissue	267:283	autologous tissue	267:283	Therefore, this study pursued a strategy to grow autologous tissue in vivo by recruiting potentially more elastogenic cells to conduits implanted within the peritoneal cavity.
24016842	5	40	theme	cell	894:897	arg1	markers					917:923	macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	865:923	macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	865:923	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	3	41	theme	HA-o	492:495	arg1	modification					498:509	hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification	471:509	hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification	471:509	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	0	42	theme	electrospun	43:53	arg1	conduits					55:62	intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits	15:62	intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits	15:62	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits modulates cellular elastic matrix generation.
24016842	3	43	theme	composition	455:465	arg1	impacts					424:430	the impacts	420:430	the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells	420:548	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	9	44	theme	appropriate	1593:1603	arg1	methods					1614:1620	appropriate delivery methods	1593:1620	appropriate delivery methods	1593:1620	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	4	45	theme	implantation	685:696	arg1	time					698:701	conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	660:701	conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	660:701	These responses were assessed as a function of conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time.
24016842	0	46	theme	cellular	74:81	arg1	generation					98:107	cellular elastic matrix generation	74:107	cellular elastic matrix generation	74:107	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits modulates cellular elastic matrix generation.
24016842	9	47	theme	delivery	1605:1612	arg1	methods					1614:1620	appropriate delivery methods	1593:1620	appropriate delivery methods	1593:1620	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	8	48	theme	HA-o	1344:1347	arg1	impact					1321:1326	the impact	1317:1326	the impact of the tethered HA-o	1317:1347	Finally, the impact of the tethered HA-o is limited within the inflammatory environment, unlike the significant response found previously in vitro.
24016842	5	49	theme	markers	917:923	arg1	expression					851:860	expression	851:860	expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	851:923	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	3	50	theme	electrospun	435:445	arg1	composition					455:465	electrospun conduit composition	435:465	electrospun conduit composition	435:465	The goal was to determine the impacts of electrospun conduit composition and hyaluronan oligomer (HA-o) modification on the recruitment of peritoneal cells, and their phenotype and ability to synthesize elastic matrix.
24016842	9	51	theme	control	1528:1534	arg1	importance					1501:1510	the importance	1497:1510	the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o	1497:1629	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	5	52	with	blending	731:738	arg1	ε-caprolactone					762:775	ε-caprolactone	762:775	ε-caprolactone	762:775	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	52	with	blending	731:738	arg1	PCL					779:781	PCL	779:781	PCL	779:781	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	5	52	with	blending	731:738	arg1	poly					757:760	poly	757:760	poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)	757:782	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	2	53	theme	peritoneal	375:384	arg1	cavity					386:391	the peritoneal cavity	371:391	the peritoneal cavity	371:391	Therefore, this study pursued a strategy to grow autologous tissue in vivo by recruiting potentially more elastogenic cells to conduits implanted within the peritoneal cavity.
24016842	8	54	located	found	1429:1433	arg2	response					1420:1427	the significant response	1404:1427	the significant response found previously in vitro	1404:1453	Finally, the impact of the tethered HA-o is limited within the inflammatory environment, unlike the significant response found previously in vitro.
24016842	8	54	located	found	1429:1433	arg1	vitro					1449:1453	vitro	1449:1453	vitro	1449:1453	Finally, the impact of the tethered HA-o is limited within the inflammatory environment, unlike the significant response found previously in vitro.
24016842	8	55	theme	significant	1408:1418	arg1	response					1420:1427	the significant response	1404:1427	the significant response found previously in vitro	1404:1453	Finally, the impact of the tethered HA-o is limited within the inflammatory environment, unlike the significant response found previously in vitro.
24016842	6	56	theme	elastic	1044:1050	arg1	production					1059:1068	elastic matrix production	1044:1068	elastic matrix production	1044:1068	This result, along with the increase in elastic matrix production, demonstrates the benefits of incorporating as little as 25% w/w collagen into the conduit.
24016842	5	57	theme	matrix	932:937	arg1	deposition					939:948	matrix deposition	932:948	matrix deposition	932:948	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	0	58	theme	matrix	91:96	arg1	generation					98:107	cellular elastic matrix generation	74:107	cellular elastic matrix generation	74:107	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits modulates cellular elastic matrix generation.
24016842	5	59	theme	macrophage	865:874	arg1	markers					917:923	macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	865:923	macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers	865:923	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	4	60	theme	intra-peritoneal	668:683	arg1	time					698:701	conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	660:701	conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time	660:701	These responses were assessed as a function of conduit intra-peritoneal implantation time.
24016842	1	61	theme	functional	172:181	arg1	grafts					210:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	Improving elastic matrix generation is critical to developing functional tissue engineered vascular grafts.
24016842	7	62	theme	phenotypic	1288:1297	arg1	markers					1299:1305	traditional phenotypic markers	1276:1305	traditional phenotypic markers	1276:1305	In addition, PCR analysis demonstrated the challenges in differentiating between a myofibroblast and an SMC using traditional phenotypic markers.
24016842	0	63	theme	elastic	83:89	arg1	generation					98:107	cellular elastic matrix generation	74:107	cellular elastic matrix generation	74:107	Composition of intraperitoneally implanted electrospun conduits modulates cellular elastic matrix generation.
24016842	5	64	theme	healing	808:814	arg1	response					816:823	a faster wound healing response	793:823	a faster wound healing response	793:823	This study showed that the blending of collagen with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) promotes a faster wound healing response, as assessed by trends in expression of macrophage and smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile markers and in matrix deposition, compared to the more chronic response for PCL alone.
24016842	6	65	dep	collagen	1135:1142	arg1	%					1129:1129	%	1129:1129	%	1129:1129	This result, along with the increase in elastic matrix production, demonstrates the benefits of incorporating as little as 25% w/w collagen into the conduit.
24016842	1	66	theme	tissue	183:188	arg1	grafts					210:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	functional tissue engineered vascular grafts	172:215	Improving elastic matrix generation is critical to developing functional tissue engineered vascular grafts.
24016842	9	67	theme	methods	1614:1620	arg1	control					1528:1534	careful control	1520:1534	careful control of implanted scaffold composition	1520:1568	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
24016842	9	67	theme	methods	1614:1620	arg1	development					1578:1588	the development	1574:1588	the development of appropriate delivery methods	1574:1620	In conclusion, these results demonstrate the importance of both careful control of implanted scaffold composition and the development of appropriate delivery methods for HA-o.
26677015	7	0	theme	conjugates	1175:1184	arg1	parameters					1146:1155	the catalytic parameters	1132:1155	the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions	1132:1389	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	7	1	theme	CD	1059:1060	arg1	spectroscopy					1062:1073	CD spectroscopy	1059:1073	CD spectroscopy	1059:1073	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	1	2	theme	L-asparaginase	143:156	arg1	parameters					129:138	the catalytic parameters	115:138	the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase	115:156	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	6	3	theme	complimentary	990:1002	arg1	which					969:973	which	969:973	which	969:973	For K M measurement, the conductometry method is suggested, which can serve as a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy.
26677015	6	3	theme	complimentary	990:1002	arg1	method					1004:1009	a complimentary method	988:1009	a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy	988:1028	For K M measurement, the conductometry method is suggested, which can serve as a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy.
26677015	4	4	with	conjugates	680:689	arg1	copolymers					709:718	PEG-chitosan copolymers	696:718	PEG-chitosan copolymers	696:718	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	9	5	theme	glycoside-transforming	1652:1673	arg1	enzymes					1675:1681	glycoside-transforming enzymes	1652:1681	glycoside-transforming enzymes	1652:1681	This may include a number of amino acid or glycoside-transforming enzymes.
26677015	5	6	theme	substrate	861:869	arg1	regime					900:905	V max regime	894:905	V max regime	894:905	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	5	6	theme	substrate	861:869	arg1	conditions					882:891	substrate saturation conditions	861:891	substrate saturation conditions (V max regime)	861:906	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	4	7	theme	L-asparaginase	653:666	arg1	activity					668:675	L-asparaginase activity	653:675	L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible	653:764	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	8	8	theme	substrate	1508:1516	arg1	properties					1494:1503	the spectroscopic properties	1476:1503	the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product	1476:1528	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	7	9	theme	conjugates	1296:1305	arg1	composition					1276:1286	composition	1276:1286	composition	1276:1286	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	7	9	theme	conjugates	1296:1305	arg1	architecture					1259:1270	molecular architecture	1249:1270	molecular architecture	1249:1270	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	9	10	theme	enzymes	1675:1681	arg1	number					1628:1633	a number	1626:1633	a number of amino acid or glycoside-transforming enzymes	1626:1681	This may include a number of amino acid or glycoside-transforming enzymes.
26677015	2	11	theme	CD	274:275	arg1	signal					277:282	CD signal	274:282	CD signal	274:282	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	4	12	from	measurements	637:648	arg1	conjugates					680:689	conjugates	680:689	conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible	680:764	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	6	13	theme	conductometry	934:946	arg1	method					948:953	the conductometry method	930:953	the conductometry method	930:953	For K M measurement, the conductometry method is suggested, which can serve as a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy.
26677015	7	14	theme	L-asparaginase	1160:1173	arg1	conjugates					1175:1184	L-asparaginase conjugates	1160:1184	L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives	1160:1218	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	4	15	theme	activity	668:675	arg1	measurements					637:648	robust measurements	630:648	robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible	630:764	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	5	16	theme	max	896:898	arg1	regime					900:905	V max regime	894:905	V max regime	894:905	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	5	16	theme	max	896:898	arg1	conditions					882:891	substrate saturation conditions	861:891	substrate saturation conditions (V max regime)	861:906	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	7	17	theme	catalytic	1136:1144	arg1	parameters					1146:1155	the catalytic parameters	1132:1155	the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions	1132:1389	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	8	18	theme	product	1522:1528	arg1	properties					1494:1503	the spectroscopic properties	1476:1503	the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product	1476:1528	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	7	19	theme	activity	1035:1042	arg1	assay					1044:1048	The activity assay	1031:1048	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry	1031:1091	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	3	20	theme	continuous	426:435	arg1	measurement					437:447	continuous measurement	426:447	continuous measurement	426:447	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	3	21	theme	laborious	494:502	arg1	approach					504:511	multistage and laborious approach	479:511	multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method	479:537	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	1	22	theme	circular	164:171	arg1	spectroscopy					183:194	circular dichroism spectroscopy	164:194	circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy)	164:212	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	1	22	theme	circular	164:171	arg1	spectroscopy					200:211	CD spectroscopy	197:211	CD spectroscopy	197:211	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	7	23	theme	composition	1276:1286	arg1	optimization					1229:1240	optimization	1229:1240	optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates	1229:1305	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	1	24	theme	dichroism	173:181	arg1	spectroscopy					183:194	circular dichroism spectroscopy	164:194	circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy)	164:212	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	1	24	theme	dichroism	173:181	arg1	spectroscopy					200:211	CD spectroscopy	197:211	CD spectroscopy	197:211	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	0	25	theme	Reagent-free	1:12	arg1	assay					39:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry.
26677015	4	26	theme	robust	630:635	arg1	measurements					637:648	robust measurements	630:648	robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible	630:764	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	7	27	theme	such	1291:1294	arg1	conjugates					1296:1305	such conjugates	1291:1305	such conjugates	1291:1305	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	0	28	theme	L-asparaginase	15:28	arg1	assay					39:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry.
26677015	6	29	theme	CD	1014:1015	arg1	spectroscopy					1017:1028	CD spectroscopy	1014:1028	CD spectroscopy	1014:1028	For K M measurement, the conductometry method is suggested, which can serve as a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy.
26677015	8	30	theme	direct	1544:1549	arg1	measurement					1551:1561	direct measurement	1544:1561	direct measurement	1544:1561	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	1	31	theme	new	91:93	arg1	method					95:100	A new method	89:100	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy)	89:212	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	1	32	theme	CD	197:198	arg1	spectroscopy					183:194	circular dichroism spectroscopy	164:194	circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy)	164:212	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	1	32	theme	CD	197:198	arg1	spectroscopy					200:211	CD spectroscopy	197:211	CD spectroscopy	197:211	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	0	33	theme	"	13:13	arg1	assay					39:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry.
26677015	6	34	theme	M	915:915	arg1	measurement					917:927	K M measurement	913:927	K M measurement	913:927	For K M measurement, the conductometry method is suggested, which can serve as a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy.
26677015	5	35	theme	saturation	871:880	arg1	regime					900:905	V max regime	894:905	V max regime	894:905	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	5	35	theme	saturation	871:880	arg1	conditions					882:891	substrate saturation conditions	861:891	substrate saturation conditions (V max regime)	861:906	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	2	36	theme	L-aspartic	338:347	arg1	product					329:335	the product	325:335	the product (L-aspartic acid)	325:353	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	2	36	theme	L-aspartic	338:347	arg1	acid					349:352	L-aspartic acid	338:352	L-aspartic acid	338:352	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	3	37	theme	CD	378:379	arg1	spectroscopy					381:392	CD spectroscopy	378:392	CD spectroscopy	378:392	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	6	38	theme	K	913:913	arg1	measurement					917:927	K M measurement	913:927	K M measurement	913:927	For K M measurement, the conductometry method is suggested, which can serve as a complimentary method to CD spectroscopy.
26677015	7	39	theme	molecular	1249:1257	arg1	architecture					1259:1270	molecular architecture	1249:1270	molecular architecture	1249:1270	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	2	40	theme	enzymatic	358:366	arg1	reaction					368:375	enzymatic reaction	358:375	enzymatic reaction	358:375	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	8	41	theme	fluorescence	1582:1593	arg1	spectroscopy					1595:1606	fluorescence spectroscopy	1582:1606	fluorescence spectroscopy	1582:1606	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	0	42	theme	activity	30:37	arg1	assay					39:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay	0:43	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry.
26677015	8	43	theme	enzymatic	1450:1458	arg1	reactions					1460:1468	other enzymatic reactions	1444:1468	other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy	1444:1606	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	9	44	theme	amino	1638:1642	arg1	acid					1644:1647	amino acid	1638:1647	amino acid	1638:1647	This may include a number of amino acid or glycoside-transforming enzymes.
26677015	2	45	theme	reaction	368:375	arg1	product					329:335	the product	325:335	the product (L-aspartic acid)	325:353	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	2	45	theme	reaction	368:375	arg1	acid					349:352	L-aspartic acid	338:352	L-aspartic acid	338:352	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	2	45	theme	reaction	368:375	arg1	L-asparagine					307:318	L-asparagine	307:318	L-asparagine	307:318	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	2	45	theme	reaction	368:375	arg1	substrate					296:304	the substrate	292:304	the substrate (L-asparagine)	292:319	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	8	46	theme	other	1444:1448	arg1	reactions					1460:1468	other enzymatic reactions	1444:1468	other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy	1444:1606	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	7	47	dep	architecture	1259:1270	arg1	the					1245:1247	the	1245:1247	the	1245:1247	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	5	48	theme	main	771:774	arg1	limitation					776:785	The main limitation	767:785	The main limitation associated with the CD method	767:815	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	7	49	theme	enzyme	1352:1357	arg1	properties					1334:1343	biocatalytic properties	1321:1343	biocatalytic properties of the enzyme	1321:1357	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	2	50	from	difference	260:269	arg1	signal					277:282	CD signal	274:282	CD signal	274:282	The assay is based on the difference in CD signal between the substrate (L-asparagine) and the product (L-aspartic acid) of enzymatic reaction.
26677015	7	51	theme	biocatalytic	1321:1332	arg1	properties					1334:1343	biocatalytic properties	1321:1343	biocatalytic properties of the enzyme	1321:1357	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	7	52	with	conjugates	1175:1184	arg1	chitosan					1191:1198	chitosan	1191:1198	chitosan	1191:1198	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	7	52	with	conjugates	1175:1184	arg1	derivatives					1208:1218	its derivatives	1204:1218	its derivatives	1204:1218	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	3	53	theme	reaction	590:597	arg1	methods					599:605	conjugated enzymatic reaction methods	569:605	conjugated enzymatic reaction methods	569:605	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	9	54	theme	acid	1644:1647	arg1	number					1628:1633	a number	1626:1633	a number of amino acid or glycoside-transforming enzymes	1626:1681	This may include a number of amino acid or glycoside-transforming enzymes.
26677015	4	55	theme	PEG-chitosan	696:707	arg1	copolymers					709:718	PEG-chitosan copolymers	696:718	PEG-chitosan copolymers	696:718	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	7	56	theme	physiological	1366:1378	arg1	conditions					1380:1389	the physiological conditions	1362:1389	the physiological conditions	1362:1389	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	8	57	theme	spectroscopic	1480:1492	arg1	properties					1494:1503	the spectroscopic properties	1476:1503	the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product	1476:1528	The approach developed is potentially applicable to other enzymatic reactions where the spectroscopic properties of substrate and product do not enable direct measurement with absorption or fluorescence spectroscopy.
26677015	3	58	theme	methods	599:605	arg1	limitations					554:564	limitations	554:564	limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods	554:605	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	1	59	theme	catalytic	119:127	arg1	parameters					129:138	the catalytic parameters	115:138	the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase	115:156	A new method to determine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD spectroscopy) has been developed.
26677015	4	60	from	conjugates	680:689	arg1	measurements					637:648	robust measurements	630:648	robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible	630:764	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
26677015	5	61	theme	V	894:894	arg1	regime					900:905	V max regime	894:905	V max regime	894:905	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	5	61	theme	V	894:894	arg1	conditions					882:891	substrate saturation conditions	861:891	substrate saturation conditions (V max regime)	861:906	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	7	62	theme	architecture	1259:1270	arg1	optimization					1229:1240	optimization	1229:1240	optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates	1229:1305	The activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry was successfully implicated to examine the catalytic parameters of L-asparaginase conjugates with chitosan and its derivatives, and for optimization of the molecular architecture and composition of such conjugates for improving biocatalytic properties of the enzyme in the physiological conditions.
26677015	3	63	theme	conjugated	569:578	arg1	methods					599:605	conjugated enzymatic reaction methods	569:605	conjugated enzymatic reaction methods	569:605	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	5	64	theme	CD	807:808	arg1	method					810:815	the CD method	803:815	the CD method	803:815	The main limitation associated with the CD method is that the analysis should be performed at substrate saturation conditions (V max regime).
26677015	3	65	theme	multistage	479:488	arg1	approach					504:511	multistage and laborious approach	479:511	multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method	479:537	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	3	66	theme	direct	403:408	arg1	method					410:415	a direct method	401:415	a direct method	401:415	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	0	67	theme	CD	54:55	arg1	spectroscopy					57:68	CD spectroscopy	54:68	CD spectroscopy	54:68	"Reagent-free" L-asparaginase activity assay based on CD spectroscopy and conductometry.
26677015	3	68	theme	enzymatic	580:588	arg1	reaction					590:597	enzymatic reaction	580:597	conjugated enzymatic reaction methods	569:605	CD spectroscopy, being a direct method, enables continuous measurement, and thus differentiates from multistage and laborious approach based on Nessler's method, and overcomes limitations of conjugated enzymatic reaction methods.
26677015	4	69	from	activity	668:675	arg1	conjugates					680:689	conjugates	680:689	conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible	680:764	In this work, we show robust measurements of L-asparaginase activity in conjugates with PEG-chitosan copolymers, which otherwise would not have been possible.
29068272	4	0	theme	70.3 mol	432:439	arg1	G+C content					398:408	The DNA G+C content	390:408	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T	390:426	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	4	0	theme	70.3 mol	432:439	arg1	%					440:440	70.3 mol%	432:440	70.3 mol%	432:440	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	2	1	theme	aerobic	103:109	arg1	FLL521T					128:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	3	2	theme	rRNA	202:205	arg1	sequences					212:220	16S rRNA gene sequences	198:220	16S rRNA gene sequences	198:220	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	6	3	dep	iso-C16 	596:603	arg1	C18 					609:612	C18 	609:612	C18 	609:612	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	4	theme	respiratory	518:528	arg1	quinone					530:536	The major respiratory quinone	508:536	The major respiratory quinone	508:536	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	4	theme	respiratory	518:528	arg1	MK-8					542:545	MK-8	542:545	MK-8	542:545	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	3	5	theme	gene	207:210	arg1	sequences					212:220	16S rRNA gene sequences	198:220	16S rRNA gene sequences	198:220	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	8	6	theme	d-mannose	940:948	arg1	production					984:993	acid production	979:993	acid production from l-arabinose	979:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	6	theme	d-mannose	940:948	arg1	inositol					951:958	inositol	951:958	inositol	951:958	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	6	theme	d-mannose	940:948	arg1	utilization					925:935	utilization	925:935	utilization of d-mannose	925:948	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	6	theme	d-mannose	940:948	arg1	phenylalanine					961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	6	theme	d-mannose	940:948	arg1	test					893:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	6	theme	d-mannose	940:948	arg1	hydrolysis					899:908	hydrolysis	899:908	hydrolysis of l-arginine	899:922	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	11	7	theme	=KCTC	1226:1230	arg1	2017083T					1248:1255	=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T	1226:1255	=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T	1226:1255	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	11	7	theme	=KCTC	1226:1230	arg1	FLL521T					1217:1223	FLL521T	1217:1223	FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T)	1217:1256	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	7	8	theme	polar	640:644	arg1	phosphatidylglycerol					676:695	phosphatidylglycerol	676:695	phosphatidylglycerol	676:695	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and three unidentified phospholipids.
29068272	7	8	theme	polar	640:644	arg1	lipids					646:651	The polar lipids	636:651	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T	636:669	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and three unidentified phospholipids.
29068272	6	9	theme	major	512:516	arg1	quinone					530:536	The major respiratory quinone	508:536	The major respiratory quinone	508:536	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	9	theme	major	512:516	arg1	MK-8					542:545	MK-8	542:545	MK-8	542:545	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	8	10	with	differences	833:843	arg1	strains					862:868	the related strains	850:868	the related strains	850:868	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	1	11	theme	iron	47:50	arg1	soil					57:60	iron mine soil	47:60	iron mine soil	47:60	nov., isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	8	12	theme	physiological	803:815	arg1	differences					833:843	physiological and biochemical differences	803:843	physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose	803:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	11	13	theme	AB	1245:1246	arg1	2017083T					1248:1255	=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T	1226:1255	=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T	1226:1255	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	11	13	theme	AB	1245:1246	arg1	FLL521T					1217:1223	FLL521T	1217:1223	FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T)	1217:1256	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	3	14	theme	Nocardioides	345:356	arg1	346T					375:378	Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T	345:378	Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %)	345:387	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	3	14	theme	Nocardioides	345:356	arg1	%					386:386	96.3 %	381:386	96.3 %	381:386	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	3	15	theme	16S	198:200	arg1	sequences					212:220	16S rRNA gene sequences	198:220	16S rRNA gene sequences	198:220	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	9	16	theme	name	1148:1151	arg1	sp					1176:1177	the name Nocardioides immobilis sp	1144:1177	the name Nocardioides immobilis sp	1144:1177	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	1	17	theme	mine	52:55	arg1	soil					57:60	iron mine soil	47:60	iron mine soil	47:60	nov., isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	5	18	theme	peptidoglycan	457:469	arg1	type					471:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type	443:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type	443:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid.
29068272	5	18	theme	peptidoglycan	457:469	arg1	acid					502:505	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid	480:505	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid	480:505	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid.
29068272	9	19	theme	phylogenetic	1052:1063	arg1	analyses					1065:1072	the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1022:1072	the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1022:1072	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	3	20	theme	sequence	324:331	arg1	identity					333:340	the highest sequence identity	312:340	the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %)	312:387	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	6	21	dep	C18 	609:612	arg1	 1ω8c					629:633	 1ω8c	629:633	 1ω8c	629:633	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	21	dep	C18 	609:612	arg1	C17 					624:627	C17 	624:627	C17 	624:627	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	21	dep	C18 	609:612	arg1	 1ω9c					614:618	 1ω9c	614:618	 1ω9c	614:618	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	8	22	theme	biochemical	821:831	arg1	differences					833:843	physiological and biochemical differences	803:843	physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose	803:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	3	23	theme	strain	234:239	arg1	FLL521T					241:247	strain FLL521T	234:247	strain FLL521T	234:247	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	9	24	theme	immobilis	1166:1174	arg1	sp					1176:1177	the name Nocardioides immobilis sp	1144:1177	the name Nocardioides immobilis sp	1144:1177	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	6	25	theme	fatty	572:576	arg1	acids					578:582	the predominant fatty acids	556:582	the predominant fatty acids (>5 %)	556:589	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	25	theme	fatty	572:576	arg1	%					588:588	>5 %	585:588	>5 %	585:588	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	25	theme	fatty	572:576	arg1	iso-C16 					596:603	iso-C16 	596:603	iso-C16 	596:603	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	2	26	theme	strain	121:126	arg1	FLL521T					128:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	5	27	theme	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic	480:500	arg1	type					471:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type	443:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type	443:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid.
29068272	5	27	theme	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic	480:500	arg1	acid					502:505	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid	480:505	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid	480:505	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid.
29068272	6	28	theme	predominant	560:570	arg1	acids					578:582	the predominant fatty acids	556:582	the predominant fatty acids (>5 %)	556:589	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	28	theme	predominant	560:570	arg1	%					588:588	>5 %	585:588	>5 %	585:588	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	6	28	theme	predominant	560:570	arg1	iso-C16 					596:603	iso-C16 	596:603	iso-C16 	596:603	The major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4), and the predominant fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c.
29068272	8	29	theme	acid	979:982	arg1	production					984:993	acid production	979:993	acid production from l-arabinose	979:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	4	30	theme	strain	413:418	arg1	FLL521T					420:426	strain FLL521T	413:426	strain FLL521T	413:426	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	3	31	theme	panacisoli	358:367	arg1	346T					375:378	Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T	345:378	Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %)	345:387	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	3	31	theme	panacisoli	358:367	arg1	%					386:386	96.3 %	381:386	96.3 %	381:386	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	production					984:993	acid production	979:993	acid production from l-arabinose	979:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	inositol					951:958	inositol	951:958	inositol	951:958	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	differences					833:843	physiological and biochemical differences	803:843	physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose	803:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	utilization					925:935	utilization	925:935	utilization of d-mannose	925:948	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	phenylalanine					961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	test					893:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	32	from	l-arabinose	1000:1010	arg1	hydrolysis					899:908	hydrolysis	899:908	hydrolysis of l-arginine	899:922	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	3	33	theme	Phylogenetic	170:181	arg1	trees					183:187	Phylogenetic trees	170:187	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences	170:220	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	8	34	theme	related	854:860	arg1	strains					862:868	the related strains	850:868	the related strains	850:868	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	3	35	theme	GSoil	369:373	arg1	346T					375:378	Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T	345:378	Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %)	345:387	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	3	35	theme	GSoil	369:373	arg1	%					386:386	96.3 %	381:386	96.3 %	381:386	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	3	36	theme	genus	261:265	arg1	Nocardioides					267:278	genus Nocardioides	261:278	genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae	261:304	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	4	37	theme	FLL521T	420:426	arg1	G+C content					398:408	The DNA G+C content	390:408	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T	390:426	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	4	37	theme	FLL521T	420:426	arg1	%					440:440	70.3 mol%	432:440	70.3 mol%	432:440	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	7	38	theme	unidentified	753:764	arg1	phospholipids					766:778	three unidentified phospholipids	747:778	three unidentified phospholipids	747:778	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and three unidentified phospholipids.
29068272	9	39	theme	genotypic	1038:1046	arg1	analyses					1065:1072	the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1022:1072	the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1022:1072	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	2	40	theme	mine	159:162	arg1	soil					164:167	iron mine soil	154:167	iron mine soil	154:167	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	5	41	theme	cell-wall	447:455	arg1	type					471:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type	443:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type	443:474	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid.
29068272	5	41	theme	cell-wall	447:455	arg1	acid					502:505	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid	480:505	ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid	480:505	The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid.
29068272	2	42	theme	iron	154:157	arg1	soil					164:167	iron mine soil	154:167	iron mine soil	154:167	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	9	43	theme	Nocardioides	1153:1164	arg1	sp					1176:1177	the name Nocardioides immobilis sp	1144:1177	the name Nocardioides immobilis sp	1144:1177	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	3	44	theme	family	283:288	arg1	Nocardioidaceae					290:304	family Nocardioidaceae	283:304	family Nocardioidaceae	283:304	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	production					984:993	acid production	979:993	acid production from l-arabinose	979:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	inositol					951:958	inositol	951:958	inositol	951:958	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	l-arabinose					1000:1010	l-arabinose	1000:1010	l-arabinose	1000:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	utilization					925:935	utilization	925:935	utilization of d-mannose	925:948	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	phenylalanine					961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	test					893:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	45	from	differences	833:843	arg1	hydrolysis					899:908	hydrolysis	899:908	hydrolysis of l-arginine	899:922	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	46	theme	Voges-Proskauer	877:891	arg1	test					893:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	2	47	theme	Gram-positive	65:77	arg1	FLL521T					128:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	2	48	dep	Gram-positive	65:77	arg1	rod-shaped					92:101	rod-shaped	92:101	rod-shaped	92:101	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	2	48	dep	Gram-positive	65:77	arg1	non-motile					80:89	non-motile	80:89	non-motile	80:89	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	4	49	theme	DNA	394:396	arg1	G+C content					398:408	The DNA G+C content	390:408	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T	390:426	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	4	49	theme	DNA	394:396	arg1	%					440:440	70.3 mol%	432:440	70.3 mol%	432:440	The DNA G+C content of strain FLL521T was 70.3 mol%.
29068272	9	50	theme	novel	1103:1107	arg1	species					1109:1115	a novel species	1101:1115	a novel species	1101:1115	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	2	51	attach	isolated	140:147	arg2	FLL521T					128:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	2	51	attach	isolated	140:147	arg1	soil					164:167	iron mine soil	154:167	iron mine soil	154:167	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	11	52	theme	type	1202:1205	arg1	strain					1207:1212	The type strain	1198:1212	The type strain	1198:1212	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	11	52	theme	type	1202:1205	arg1	FLL521T					1217:1223	FLL521T	1217:1223	FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T)	1217:1256	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	3	53	from	Nocardioides	267:278	arg1	Nocardioidaceae					290:304	family Nocardioidaceae	283:304	family Nocardioidaceae	283:304	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	9	54	theme	Nocardioides	1120:1131	arg1	species					1109:1115	a novel species	1101:1115	a novel species	1101:1115	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	8	55	theme	l-arginine	913:922	arg1	production					984:993	acid production	979:993	acid production from l-arabinose	979:1010	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	55	theme	l-arginine	913:922	arg1	inositol					951:958	inositol	951:958	inositol	951:958	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	55	theme	l-arginine	913:922	arg1	utilization					925:935	utilization	925:935	utilization of d-mannose	925:948	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	55	theme	l-arginine	913:922	arg1	phenylalanine					961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	phenylalanine	961:973	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	55	theme	l-arginine	913:922	arg1	test					893:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	the Voges-Proskauer test	873:896	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	55	theme	l-arginine	913:922	arg1	hydrolysis					899:908	hydrolysis	899:908	hydrolysis of l-arginine	899:922	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	8	56	theme	Strain	781:786	arg1	FLL521T					788:794	Strain FLL521T	781:794	Strain FLL521T	781:794	Strain FLL521T showed physiological and biochemical differences with the related strains in the Voges-Proskauer test, hydrolysis of l-arginine, utilization of d-mannose, inositol, phenylalanine and acid production from l-arabinose.
29068272	7	57	theme	FLL521T	663:669	arg1	phosphatidylglycerol					676:695	phosphatidylglycerol	676:695	phosphatidylglycerol	676:695	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and three unidentified phospholipids.
29068272	7	57	theme	FLL521T	663:669	arg1	lipids					646:651	The polar lipids	636:651	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T	636:669	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and three unidentified phospholipids.
29068272	9	58	theme	phenotypic	1026:1035	arg1	analyses					1065:1072	the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1022:1072	the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses	1022:1072	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	9	59	theme	strain	1075:1080	arg1	FLL521T					1082:1088	strain FLL521T	1075:1088	strain FLL521T	1075:1088	Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain FLL521T represents a novel species of Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides immobilis sp.
29068272	11	60	theme	39931T=CCTCC	1232:1243	arg1	2017083T					1248:1255	=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T	1226:1255	=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T	1226:1255	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	11	60	theme	39931T=CCTCC	1232:1243	arg1	FLL521T					1217:1223	FLL521T	1217:1223	FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T)	1217:1256	The type strain is FLL521T (=KCTC 39931T=CCTCC AB 2017083T).
29068272	3	61	theme	highest	316:322	arg1	identity					333:340	the highest sequence identity	312:340	the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %)	312:387	Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FLL521T belonged to genus Nocardioides in family Nocardioidaceae, with the highest sequence identity to Nocardioides panacisoli GSoil 346T (96.3 %).
29068272	2	62	theme	bacterial	111:119	arg1	FLL521T					128:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T	63:134	A Gram-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped aerobic bacterial strain FLL521T was isolated from iron mine soil.
29068272	7	63	theme	strain	656:661	arg1	FLL521T					663:669	strain FLL521T	656:669	strain FLL521T	656:669	The polar lipids of strain FLL521T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and three unidentified phospholipids.
28032539	0	0	theme	Haematomicrobium	66:81	arg1	comb					104:107	comb	104:107	comb	104:107	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	0	0	theme	Haematomicrobium	66:81	arg1	nov.					98:101	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	66:101	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	66:101	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	6	1	theme	sensu	843:847	arg1	lato					849:852	the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato	820:852	the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato	820:852	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	2	2	theme	traits	353:358	arg1	analysis					322:329	analysis	322:329	analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile	322:452	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	6	3	theme	Arthrobacter	830:841	arg1	lato					849:852	the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato	820:852	the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato	820:852	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	2	4	theme	chemotaxonomic	338:351	arg1	traits					353:358	its chemotaxonomic traits	334:358	its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile	334:452	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	4	theme	chemotaxonomic	338:351	arg1	system					378:383	quinone system	370:383	quinone system	370:383	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	4	theme	chemotaxonomic	338:351	arg1	profile					446:452	fatty acid profile	435:452	fatty acid profile	435:452	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	4	theme	chemotaxonomic	338:351	arg1	profile					398:404	polar lipid profile	386:404	polar lipid profile	386:404	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	4	theme	chemotaxonomic	338:351	arg1	structure					421:429	peptidoglycan structure	407:429	peptidoglycan structure	407:429	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	8	5	theme	phylogenetic	1163:1174	arg1	position					1176:1183	phylogenetic position	1163:1183	phylogenetic position	1163:1183	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	0	6	theme	gen.	93:96	arg1	comb					104:107	comb	104:107	comb	104:107	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	0	6	theme	gen.	93:96	arg1	nov.					98:101	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	66:101	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	66:101	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	6	7	theme	genus	824:828	arg1	lato					849:852	the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato	820:852	the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato	820:852	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	10	8	theme	type	1384:1387	arg1	strain					1389:1394	The type strain	1380:1394	The type strain of the type species	1380:1414	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	10	8	theme	type	1384:1387	arg1	741T					1419:1422	741T	1419:1422	741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T)	1419:1448	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	8	9	theme	gen.	1344:1347	arg1	genus					1298:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	9	theme	gen.	1344:1347	arg1	comb					1355:1358	comb	1355:1358	comb	1355:1358	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	9	theme	gen.	1344:1347	arg1	nov.					1349:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	0	10	theme	sanguinis	83:91	arg1	comb					104:107	comb	104:107	comb	104:107	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	0	10	theme	sanguinis	83:91	arg1	nov.					98:101	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	66:101	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	66:101	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	2	11	theme	separate	126:133	arg1	position					135:142	its separate position	122:142	its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	122:260	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	8	12	from	reclassification	1246:1261	arg1	species					1308:1314	species	1308:1314	species	1308:1314	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	12	from	reclassification	1246:1261	arg1	genus					1298:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	12	from	reclassification	1246:1261	arg1	nov.					1349:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	3	13	theme	major	495:499	arg1	compounds					501:509	the major compounds	491:509	the major compounds (>10 %)	491:517	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	3	13	theme	major	495:499	arg1	%					516:516	>10 %	512:516	>10 %	512:516	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	8	14	theme	related	1228:1234	arg1	taxa					1236:1239	related taxa	1228:1239	related taxa	1228:1239	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	5	15	theme	quinone	670:676	arg1	system					678:683	quinone system	670:683	quinone system	670:683	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	5	15	theme	quinone	670:676	arg1	Both					641:644	Both	641:644	Both	641:644	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	6	16	dep	genera	932:937	arg1	Pseudarthrobacter					971:987	Pseudarthrobacter	971:987	Pseudarthrobacter	971:987	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	6	16	dep	genera	932:937	arg1	Paenarthrobacter					950:965	Paenarthrobacter	950:965	Paenarthrobacter	950:965	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	3	17	theme	acid	465:468	arg1	profile					470:476	The fatty acid profile	455:476	The fatty acid profile	455:476	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	2	18	theme	type	267:270	arg1	strain					272:277	the type strain	263:277	the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis	263:303	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	8	19	from	taxa	1236:1239	arg1	position					1176:1183	phylogenetic position	1163:1183	phylogenetic position	1163:1183	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	19	from	taxa	1236:1239	arg1	distinguishability					1204:1221	chemotaxonomic distinguishability	1189:1221	chemotaxonomic distinguishability	1189:1221	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	2	20	theme	lipid	392:396	arg1	profile					398:404	polar lipid profile	386:404	polar lipid profile	386:404	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	4	21	with	system	589:594	arg1	H2					636:637	H2	636:637	H2	636:637	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	4	21	with	system	589:594	arg1	MK-9					631:634	the predominating menaquinone MK-9	601:634	the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2)	601:638	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	10	22	theme	species	1408:1414	arg1	strain					1389:1394	The type strain	1380:1394	The type strain of the type species	1380:1414	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	10	22	theme	species	1408:1414	arg1	741T					1419:1422	741T	1419:1422	741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T)	1419:1448	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	8	23	dep	position	1176:1183	arg1	the					1159:1161	the	1159:1161	the	1159:1161	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	5	24	theme	Arthrobacter	731:742	arg1	description					706:716	the description	702:716	the description of the genus Arthrobacter	702:742	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	2	25	theme	polar	386:390	arg1	profile					398:404	polar lipid profile	386:404	polar lipid profile	386:404	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	5	26	theme	genus	725:729	arg1	Arthrobacter					731:742	the genus Arthrobacter	721:742	the genus Arthrobacter	721:742	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	10	27	theme	type	1403:1406	arg1	species					1408:1414	the type species	1399:1414	the type species	1399:1414	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	8	28	theme	sanguinis	1334:1342	arg1	genus					1298:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	28	theme	sanguinis	1334:1342	arg1	comb					1355:1358	comb	1355:1358	comb	1355:1358	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	28	theme	sanguinis	1334:1342	arg1	nov.					1349:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	2	29	theme	acid	441:444	arg1	profile					446:452	fatty acid profile	435:452	fatty acid profile	435:452	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	6	30	theme	Arthrobacter	890:901	arg1	species					869:875	species	869:875	species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter	869:987	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	8	31	theme	Haematomicrobium	1317:1332	arg1	genus					1298:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	31	theme	Haematomicrobium	1317:1332	arg1	comb					1355:1358	comb	1355:1358	comb	1355:1358	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	31	theme	Haematomicrobium	1317:1332	arg1	nov.					1349:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	4	32	theme	menaquinone	619:629	arg1	H2					636:637	H2	636:637	H2	636:637	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	4	32	theme	menaquinone	619:629	arg1	MK-9					631:634	the predominating menaquinone MK-9	601:634	the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2)	601:638	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	0	33	theme	sanguinis	33:41	arg1	Reclassification					0:15	Reclassification	0:15	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.	0:108	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	6	34	theme	genus	884:888	arg1	Arthrobacter					890:901	the genus Arthrobacter	880:901	the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter	880:987	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	10	35	theme	46407T=DSM	1431:1440	arg1	741T					1419:1422	741T	1419:1422	741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T)	1419:1448	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	10	35	theme	46407T=DSM	1431:1440	arg1	21259T					1442:1447	=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T	1425:1447	=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T	1425:1447	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	2	36	theme	sanguinis	295:303	arg1	strain					272:277	the type strain	263:277	the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis	263:303	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	3	37	theme	fatty	459:463	arg1	profile					470:476	The fatty acid profile	455:476	The fatty acid profile	455:476	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	0	38	theme	Arthrobacter	20:31	arg1	Mages					44:48	Mages	44:48	Mages	44:48	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	0	38	theme	Arthrobacter	20:31	arg1	sanguinis					33:41	Arthrobacter sanguinis	20:41	Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009)	20:61	Reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis (Mages et al. 2009) as Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	7	39	theme	polar	994:998	arg1	profile					1006:1012	The polar lipid profile	990:1012	The polar lipid profile	990:1012	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	7	39	theme	polar	994:998	arg1	complex					1023:1029	complex	1023:1029	complex	1023:1029	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	10	40	theme	=CCUG	1425:1429	arg1	741T					1419:1422	741T	1419:1422	741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T)	1419:1448	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	10	40	theme	=CCUG	1425:1429	arg1	21259T					1442:1447	=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T	1425:1447	=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T	1425:1447	The type strain of the type species is 741T (=CCUG 46407T=DSM 21259T).
28032539	2	41	theme	genus	155:159	arg1	Arthrobacter					161:172	the genus Arthrobacter	151:172	the genus Arthrobacter	151:172	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	42	theme	Arthrobacter	282:293	arg1	sanguinis					295:303	Arthrobacter sanguinis	282:303	Arthrobacter sanguinis	282:303	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	43	theme	peptidoglycan	407:419	arg1	structure					421:429	peptidoglycan structure	407:429	peptidoglycan structure	407:429	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	5	44	theme	fatty	647:651	arg1	profile					658:664	fatty acid profile	647:664	fatty acid profile	647:664	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	5	44	theme	fatty	647:651	arg1	Both					641:644	Both	641:644	Both	641:644	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	7	45	theme	several	1111:1117	arg1	lipids					1132:1137	several unidentified lipids	1111:1137	several unidentified lipids	1111:1137	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	3	46	theme	anteiso-C17 	552:563	arg1	compounds					501:509	the major compounds	491:509	the major compounds (>10 %)	491:517	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	3	46	theme	anteiso-C17 	552:563	arg1	%					516:516	>10 %	512:516	>10 %	512:516	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	8	47	theme	chemotaxonomic	1189:1202	arg1	distinguishability					1204:1221	chemotaxonomic distinguishability	1189:1221	chemotaxonomic distinguishability	1189:1221	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	4	48	theme	predominating	605:617	arg1	H2					636:637	H2	636:637	H2	636:637	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	4	48	theme	predominating	605:617	arg1	MK-9					631:634	the predominating menaquinone MK-9	601:634	the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2)	601:638	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	5	49	theme	acid	653:656	arg1	profile					658:664	fatty acid profile	647:664	fatty acid profile	647:664	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	5	49	theme	acid	653:656	arg1	Both					641:644	Both	641:644	Both	641:644	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	2	50	theme	fatty	435:439	arg1	profile					446:452	fatty acid profile	435:452	fatty acid profile	435:452	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	8	51	from	distinguishability	1204:1221	arg1	conclusion					1143:1152	conclusion	1143:1152	conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa	1143:1239	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	7	52	theme	lipids	1132:1137	arg1	proportions					1096:1106	relatively high proportions	1080:1106	relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids	1080:1137	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	7	53	theme	taxa	1061:1064	arg1	taxa					1061:1064	taxa	1061:1064	taxa	1061:1064	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	7	53	theme	taxa	1061:1064	arg1	group					1052:1056	the group	1048:1056	the group of taxa	1048:1064	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	3	54	theme	 0	545:546	arg1	compounds					501:509	the major compounds	491:509	the major compounds (>10 %)	491:517	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	3	54	theme	 0	545:546	arg1	%					516:516	>10 %	512:516	>10 %	512:516	The fatty acid profile consisted of the major compounds (>10 %) iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0.
28032539	7	55	theme	lipid	1000:1004	arg1	profile					1006:1012	The polar lipid profile	990:1012	The polar lipid profile	990:1012	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	7	55	theme	lipid	1000:1004	arg1	complex					1023:1029	complex	1023:1029	complex	1023:1029	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	8	56	dep	reclassification	1246:1261	arg1	conclusion					1143:1152	conclusion	1143:1152	conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa	1143:1239	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	2	57	theme	published	182:190	arg1	trees					205:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	58	theme	phylogenetic	192:203	arg1	trees					205:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	7	59	theme	high	1091:1094	arg1	proportions					1096:1106	relatively high proportions	1080:1106	relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids	1080:1137	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	2	60	theme	many	177:180	arg1	trees					205:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	5	61	with	line	692:695	arg1	description					706:716	the description	702:716	the description of the genus Arthrobacter	702:742	Both, fatty acid profile and quinone system are in line with the description of the genus Arthrobacter.
28032539	8	62	from	position	1176:1183	arg1	conclusion					1143:1152	conclusion	1143:1152	conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa	1143:1239	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	63	theme	Arthrobacter	1266:1277	arg1	sanguinis					1279:1287	Arthrobacter sanguinis	1266:1287	Arthrobacter sanguinis	1266:1287	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	64	theme	new	1294:1296	arg1	genus					1298:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	a new genus	1292:1302	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	8	64	theme	new	1294:1296	arg1	nov.					1349:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov.	1317:1352	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
28032539	6	65	theme	peptidoglycan	749:761	arg1	l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly					772:786	l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly	772:786	l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter	772:987	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	6	65	theme	peptidoglycan	749:761	arg1	type					763:766	The peptidoglycan type	745:766	The peptidoglycan type	745:766	The peptidoglycan type was l-Lys-l-Ala-Gly (A11.50) which is unique within the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and also among species of the genus Arthrobacter recently reclassified in the genera Sinomonas, Paenarthrobacter and Pseudarthrobacter.
28032539	2	66	theme	chemotaxonomic	230:243	arg1	characterization					245:260	its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	215:260	its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	215:260	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	4	67	theme	quinone	581:587	arg1	system					589:594	a quinone system	579:594	a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2)	579:638	It showed a quinone system with the predominating menaquinone MK-9(H2).
28032539	2	68	theme	quinone	370:376	arg1	system					378:383	quinone system	370:383	quinone system	370:383	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	69	from	position	135:142	arg1	characterization					245:260	its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	215:260	its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	215:260	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	2	69	from	position	135:142	arg1	trees					205:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	many published phylogenetic trees	177:209	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	7	70	theme	unidentified	1119:1130	arg1	lipids					1132:1137	several unidentified lipids	1111:1137	several unidentified lipids	1111:1137	The polar lipid profile was very complex and unique among the group of taxa in containing relatively high proportions of several unidentified lipids.
28032539	2	71	theme	incomplete	219:228	arg1	characterization					245:260	its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	215:260	its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization	215:260	Due to its separate position within the genus Arthrobacter in many published phylogenetic trees and its incomplete chemotaxonomic characterization, the type strain of Arthrobacter sanguinis was subjected to analysis of its chemotaxonomic traits including quinone system, polar lipid profile, peptidoglycan structure and fatty acid profile.
28032539	8	72	theme	sanguinis	1279:1287	arg1	reclassification					1246:1261	the reclassification	1242:1261	the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb	1242:1358	In conclusion from the phylogenetic position and chemotaxonomic distinguishability from related taxa, the reclassification of Arthrobacter sanguinis in a new genus and species, Haematomicrobium sanguinis gen. nov., comb.
27934786	0	0	theme	Schwann	115:121	arg1	scaffolds					38:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds	0:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.	0:144	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	0	theme	Schwann	115:121	arg1	biocompatibility					128:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	4	1	theme	spectroscopy	628:639	arg1	analysis					641:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis	604:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis	604:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	1	2	theme	CH	191:192	arg1	scaffolds					201:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds	146:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios	146:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	10	3	theme	p75	1492:1494	arg1	marker					1501:1506	the specific p75 cell marker	1479:1506	the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds	1479:1523	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	10	4	theme	cell	1496:1499	arg1	marker					1501:1506	the specific p75 cell marker	1479:1506	the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds	1479:1523	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	2	5	theme	homogeneous	397:407	arg1	nanofibers					427:436	bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers	387:436	bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content	387:515	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	10	6	from	marker	1501:1506	arg1	scaffolds					1515:1523	the scaffolds	1511:1523	the scaffolds	1511:1523	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	4	7	from	presence	664:671	arg1	scaffolds					711:719	the scaffolds	707:719	the scaffolds	707:719	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	8	8	theme	highest	1255:1261	arg1	proliferation					1263:1275	the highest proliferation	1251:1275	the highest proliferation	1251:1275	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	3	9	theme	PCL	590:592	arg1	scaffold					594:601	the neat PCL scaffold	581:601	the neat PCL scaffold	581:601	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	1	10	theme	scaffold	280:287	arg1	composition					289:299	scaffold composition	280:299	scaffold composition	280:299	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	0	11	theme	cell	123:126	arg1	scaffolds					38:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds	0:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.	0:144	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	11	theme	cell	123:126	arg1	biocompatibility					128:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	6	12	theme	SC	956:957	arg1	cultures					960:967	Schwann cell (SC) cultures	942:967	Schwann cell (SC) cultures	942:967	The biocompatibility was evaluated using fibroblasts and Schwann cell (SC) cultures.
27934786	10	13	theme	specific	1483:1490	arg1	marker					1501:1506	the specific p75 cell marker	1479:1506	the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds	1479:1523	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	10	14	theme	Immunochemistry	1425:1439	arg1	analysis					1441:1448	Immunochemistry analysis	1425:1448	Immunochemistry analysis	1425:1448	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	1	15	theme	composition	289:299	arg1	effect					270:275	the effect	266:275	the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties	266:348	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	2	16	theme	bead-free	387:395	arg1	nanofibers					427:436	bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers	387:436	bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content	387:515	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	7	17	theme	electrospun	1026:1036	arg1	scaffolds					1038:1046	electrospun scaffolds	1026:1046	electrospun scaffolds	1026:1046	Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts demonstrated that electrospun scaffolds could be considered as non-cytotoxic material.
27934786	7	17	theme	electrospun	1026:1036	arg1	material					1085:1092	non-cytotoxic material	1071:1092	non-cytotoxic material	1071:1092	Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts demonstrated that electrospun scaffolds could be considered as non-cytotoxic material.
27934786	4	18	theme	fluorine-from	731:743	arg1	chemicals					745:753	fluorine-from chemicals	731:753	fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was	731:773	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	1	19	theme	blend	195:199	arg1	scaffolds					201:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds	146:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios	146:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	6	20	theme	cell	950:953	arg1	cultures					960:967	Schwann cell (SC) cultures	942:967	Schwann cell (SC) cultures	942:967	The biocompatibility was evaluated using fibroblasts and Schwann cell (SC) cultures.
27934786	4	21	theme	nitrogen	695:702	arg1	presence					664:671	the presence	660:671	the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds	660:719	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	2	22	theme	CH	506:507	arg1	content					509:515	CH content	506:515	CH content	506:515	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	3	23	theme	PCL/CH	546:551	arg1	blends					553:558	the PCL/CH blends	542:558	the PCL/CH blends	542:558	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	0	24	theme	polycaprolactone/chitosan	12:36	arg1	scaffolds					38:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds	0:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.	0:144	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	24	theme	polycaprolactone/chitosan	12:36	arg1	biocompatibility					128:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	24	theme	polycaprolactone/chitosan	12:36	arg1	characterization					94:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	6	25	theme	Schwann	942:948	arg1	cultures					960:967	Schwann cell (SC) cultures	942:967	Schwann cell (SC) cultures	942:967	The biocompatibility was evaluated using fibroblasts and Schwann cell (SC) cultures.
27934786	9	26	theme	CH	1379:1380	arg1	scaffolds					1382:1390	the neat PCL or CH scaffolds	1363:1390	scaffolds	1382:1390	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	2	27	theme	Scanning	351:358	arg1	microscopy					369:378	Scanning electron microscopy	351:378	Scanning electron microscopy	351:378	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	9	28	theme	neat	1367:1370	arg1	PCL					1372:1374	the neat PCL or CH scaffolds	1363:1390	PCL	1372:1374	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	2	29	theme	average	444:450	arg1	diameter					452:459	diameter	452:459	diameter	452:459	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	0	30	theme	Electrospun	0:10	arg1	scaffolds					38:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds	0:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.	0:144	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	30	theme	Electrospun	0:10	arg1	biocompatibility					128:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	30	theme	Electrospun	0:10	arg1	characterization					94:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	4	31	theme	Energy-dispersive	604:620	arg1	analysis					641:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis	604:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis	604:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	8	32	with	scaffolds	1156:1164	arg1	content					1184:1190	different CH content	1171:1190	different CH content	1171:1190	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	1	33	theme	different	216:224	arg1	ratios					236:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	5	34	theme	chitosan	867:874	arg1	content					876:882	chitosan content	867:882	chitosan content	867:882	The water contact angle decreased from 113° (for PCL) to 52° with increasing chitosan content.
27934786	8	35	theme	different	1171:1179	arg1	content					1184:1190	different CH content	1171:1190	different CH content	1171:1190	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	8	36	theme	Biocompatibility	1095:1110	arg1	tests					1112:1116	Biocompatibility tests	1095:1116	Biocompatibility tests	1095:1116	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	8	37	contain	containing	1218:1227	arg2	CH					1229:1230	CH	1229:1230	CH	1229:1230	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	8	37	contain	containing	1218:1227	arg1	formulation					1206:1216	the formulation	1202:1216	the formulation containing CH at 5 wt%	1202:1239	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	1	38	theme	CH	226:227	arg1	ratios					236:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	7	39	theme	non-cytotoxic	1071:1083	arg1	scaffolds					1038:1046	electrospun scaffolds	1026:1046	electrospun scaffolds	1026:1046	Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts demonstrated that electrospun scaffolds could be considered as non-cytotoxic material.
27934786	7	39	theme	non-cytotoxic	1071:1083	arg1	material					1085:1092	non-cytotoxic material	1071:1092	non-cytotoxic material	1071:1092	Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts demonstrated that electrospun scaffolds could be considered as non-cytotoxic material.
27934786	1	40	theme	physicochemical	308:322	arg1	properties					339:348	its physicochemical and biological properties	304:348	its physicochemical and biological properties	304:348	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	10	41	theme	PCL/CH	1542:1547	arg1	scaffolds					1549:1557	PCL/CH scaffolds	1542:1557	PCL/CH scaffolds	1542:1557	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	9	42	theme	better	1296:1301	arg1	distribution					1308:1319	A better cell distribution	1294:1319	A better cell distribution	1294:1319	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	1	43	theme	Electrospun	146:156	arg1	PCL					176:178	PCL	176:178	PCL	176:178	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	1	43	theme	Electrospun	146:156	arg1	polycaprolactone					158:173	Electrospun polycaprolactone	146:173	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios	146:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	1	44	theme	weight	229:234	arg1	ratios					236:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	0	45	theme	tissue	58:63	arg1	engineering					65:75	nerve tissue engineering	52:75	nerve tissue engineering	52:75	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	4	46	theme	x-ray	622:626	arg1	analysis					641:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis	604:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis	604:648	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	1	47	from	effect	270:275	arg1	properties					339:348	its physicochemical and biological properties	304:348	its physicochemical and biological properties	304:348	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	3	48	theme	neat	585:588	arg1	scaffold					594:601	the neat PCL scaffold	581:601	the neat PCL scaffold	581:601	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	0	49	theme	nerve	52:56	arg1	engineering					65:75	nerve tissue engineering	52:75	nerve tissue engineering	52:75	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	1	50	theme	biological	328:337	arg1	properties					339:348	its physicochemical and biological properties	304:348	its physicochemical and biological properties	304:348	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	8	51	theme	CH	1181:1182	arg1	content					1184:1190	different CH content	1171:1190	different CH content	1171:1190	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	9	52	theme	cell	1303:1306	arg1	distribution					1308:1319	A better cell distribution	1294:1319	A better cell distribution	1294:1319	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	5	53	theme	water	794:798	arg1	angle					808:812	The water contact angle	790:812	The water contact angle	790:812	The water contact angle decreased from 113° (for PCL) to 52° with increasing chitosan content.
27934786	10	54	theme	nerve	1599:1603	arg1	engineering					1612:1622	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1588:1622	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1588:1622	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	2	55	dep	110 nm	483:488	arg1	to					480:481	to	480:481	to	480:481	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	1	56	theme	polycaprolactone	158:173	arg1	scaffolds					201:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds	146:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios	146:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	9	57	from	blends	1348:1353	arg1	PCL					1372:1374	the neat PCL or CH scaffolds	1363:1390	PCL	1372:1374	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	9	57	from	blends	1348:1353	arg1	scaffolds					1382:1390	the neat PCL or CH scaffolds	1363:1390	scaffolds	1382:1390	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	5	58	dep	decreased	814:822	arg1	PCL					839:841	PCL	839:841	PCL	839:841	The water contact angle decreased from 113° (for PCL) to 52° with increasing chitosan content.
27934786	10	59	theme	peripheral	1588:1597	arg1	engineering					1612:1622	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1588:1622	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1588:1622	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	3	60	theme	blends	553:558	arg1	similar					570:576	similar	570:576	similar	570:576	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	3	60	theme	blends	553:558	arg1	spectra					531:537	The infrared spectra	518:537	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends	518:558	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	8	61	theme	wt	1237:1238	arg1	%					1239:1239	5 wt%	1235:1239	5 wt%	1235:1239	Biocompatibility tests also revealed that the SCs adhered to scaffolds with different CH content, although the formulation containing CH at 5 wt% exhibited the highest proliferation on days 1 and 3.
27934786	7	62	theme	Cytotoxicity	970:981	arg1	assays					983:988	Cytotoxicity assays	970:988	Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts	970:1006	Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts demonstrated that electrospun scaffolds could be considered as non-cytotoxic material.
27934786	4	63	theme	carbon	676:681	arg1	presence					664:671	the presence	660:671	the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds	660:719	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	1	64	with	scaffolds	201:209	arg1	ratios					236:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	different CH weight ratios	216:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	0	65	dep	scaffolds	38:46	arg1	scaffolds					38:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds	0:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.	0:144	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	65	dep	scaffolds	38:46	arg1	biocompatibility					128:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Schwann cell biocompatibility	115:143	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	65	dep	scaffolds	38:46	arg1	characterization					94:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	2	66	theme	electron	360:367	arg1	microscopy					369:378	Scanning electron microscopy	351:378	Scanning electron microscopy	351:378	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	10	67	theme	tissue	1605:1610	arg1	engineering					1612:1622	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1588:1622	peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1588:1622	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	3	68	theme	infrared	522:529	arg1	similar					570:576	similar	570:576	similar	570:576	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	3	68	theme	infrared	522:529	arg1	spectra					531:537	The infrared spectra	518:537	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends	518:558	The infrared spectra of the PCL/CH blends were very similar to the neat PCL scaffold.
27934786	1	69	theme	/chitosan	180:188	arg1	scaffolds					201:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds	146:209	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios	146:241	Electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/chitosan (CH) blend scaffolds with different CH weight ratios were prepared to study the effect of scaffold composition on its physicochemical and biological properties.
27934786	10	70	theme	good	1568:1571	arg1	candidates					1573:1582	good candidates	1568:1582	good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering	1568:1622	Immunochemistry analysis confirmed that SCs expressed the specific p75 cell marker on the scaffolds, suggesting that PCL/CH scaffolds would be good candidates for peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
27934786	4	71	theme	oxygen	684:689	arg1	presence					664:671	the presence	660:671	the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds	660:719	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	0	72	theme	physicochemical	78:92	arg1	scaffolds					38:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds	0:46	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.	0:144	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	0	72	theme	physicochemical	78:92	arg1	characterization					94:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	physicochemical characterization	78:109	Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering: physicochemical characterization and Schwann cell biocompatibility.
27934786	9	73	theme	CH/PCL	1341:1346	arg1	blends					1348:1353	the CH/PCL blends	1337:1353	the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered	1337:1422	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	4	74	attach	presence	664:671	arg2	oxygen					684:689	oxygen	684:689	oxygen	684:689	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	4	74	attach	presence	664:671	arg2	carbon					676:681	carbon	676:681	carbon	676:681	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	4	74	attach	presence	664:671	arg2	nitrogen					695:702	nitrogen	695:702	nitrogen	695:702	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	4	74	attach	presence	664:671	arg1	scaffolds					711:719	the scaffolds	707:719	the scaffolds	707:719	Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in the scaffolds, although fluorine-from chemicals used as solvent-was also detected.
27934786	2	75	theme	arranged	418:425	arg1	nanofibers					427:436	bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers	387:436	bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content	387:515	Scanning electron microscopy showed bead-free homogeneous randomly arranged nanofibers whose average diameter decreased from 240 to 110 nm with increasing CH content.
27934786	9	76	located	observed	1325:1332	arg2	distribution					1308:1319	A better cell distribution	1294:1319	A better cell distribution	1294:1319	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	9	76	located	observed	1325:1332	arg1	blends					1348:1353	the CH/PCL blends	1337:1353	the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered	1337:1422	A better cell distribution was observed in the CH/PCL blends than in the neat PCL or CH scaffolds, where the cells were clustered.
27934786	5	77	theme	contact	800:806	arg1	angle					808:812	The water contact angle	790:812	The water contact angle	790:812	The water contact angle decreased from 113° (for PCL) to 52° with increasing chitosan content.
27287996	6	0	theme	2.02 U/ml	788:796	arg1	yield					779:783	The maximum DS yield	764:783	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml	764:796	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	7	1	theme	Lc	959:960	arg1	immobilization					941:954	immobilization	941:954	immobilization of Lc	941:960	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed immobilization of Lc.
27287996	6	2	theme	DS	776:777	arg1	yield					779:783	The maximum DS yield	764:783	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml	764:796	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	3	theme	%	853:853	arg1	SBP-NaOH					855:862	2.5 % SBP-NaOH	849:862	2.5 % SBP-NaOH	849:862	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	0	4	theme	Dextransucrase	69:82	arg1	Production					84:93	Enhanced Dextransucrase Production	60:93	Enhanced Dextransucrase Production	60:93	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	10	5	theme	DS	1220:1221	arg1	production					1223:1232	DS production	1220:1232	DS production	1220:1232	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	3	6	dep	mesenteroides	490:502	arg1	T3					504:505	T3	504:505	Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3	478:505	In this study, SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3.
27287996	10	7	theme	valuable	1315:1322	arg1	product					1341:1347	the valuable biotechnological product	1311:1347	the valuable biotechnological product	1311:1347	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	6	8	theme	2.5 	849:852	arg1	%					853:853	%	853:853	%	853:853	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	4	9	from	influence	512:520	arg1	SBP-N					545:549	SBP-N	545:549	SBP-N	545:549	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	4	9	from	influence	512:520	arg1	form					539:542	native form	532:542	native form (SBP-N)	532:550	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	4	9	from	influence	512:520	arg1	production					599:608	DS production	596:608	DS production	596:608	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	10	10	theme	additional	1239:1248	arg1	reduction					1250:1258	additional reduction	1239:1258	additional reduction of expenses	1239:1270	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	10	11	theme	expenses	1263:1270	arg1	reduction					1250:1258	additional reduction	1239:1258	additional reduction of expenses	1239:1270	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	9	12	theme	obtained	1018:1025	arg1	results					1027:1033	the obtained results	1014:1033	the obtained results	1014:1033	According to the obtained results, the production of DS on molasses could be improved by using NaOH-treated SBP as a carrier for whole-cell immobilization.
27287996	0	13	from	Support	48:54	arg1	Molasses					98:105	Molasses	98:105	Molasses	98:105	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	10	14	theme	process	1208:1214	arg1	development					1193:1203	the development	1189:1203	the development of process	1189:1214	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	10	15	theme	biotechnological	1324:1339	arg1	product					1341:1347	the valuable biotechnological product	1311:1347	the valuable biotechnological product	1311:1347	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	6	16	theme	molasses	839:846	arg1	%					871:871	4 %	869:871	4 % of sucrose concentration	869:896	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	16	theme	molasses	839:846	arg1	concentration					884:896	sucrose concentration	876:896	sucrose concentration	876:896	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	16	theme	molasses	839:846	arg1	%					834:834	2.5 %	830:834	2.5 % of molasses	830:846	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	16	theme	molasses	839:846	arg1	molasses					839:846	molasses	839:846	molasses	839:846	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	16	theme	molasses	839:846	arg1	SBP-NaOH					855:862	2.5 % SBP-NaOH	849:862	2.5 % SBP-NaOH	849:862	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	4	17	theme	DS	596:597	arg1	production					599:608	DS production	596:608	DS production	596:608	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	2	18	theme	major	230:234	arg1	challenge					236:244	a major challenge	228:244	a major challenge nowadays	228:253	Thus, a major challenge nowadays is to develop procedures that could increase the value of the generated waste.
27287996	5	19	theme	SBP	746:748	arg1	concentration					719:731	the concentration	715:731	the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose	715:761	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	5	20	theme	optimal	632:638	arg1	composition					647:657	The optimal medium composition	628:657	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production	628:687	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	8	21	dep	cells	980:984	arg1	SBP-NaOH					991:998	SBP-NaOH	991:998	SBP-NaOH	991:998	mesenteroides T3 cells onto SBP-NaOH.
27287996	3	22	theme	cell	370:373	arg1	immobilization					375:388	cell immobilization	370:388	cell immobilization	370:388	In this study, SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3.
27287996	5	23	theme	medium	640:645	arg1	composition					647:657	The optimal medium composition	628:657	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production	628:687	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	3	24	theme	Leuconostoc	478:488	arg1	mesenteroides					490:502	Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3	478:505	Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3	478:505	In this study, SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3.
27287996	6	25	theme	maximum	768:774	arg1	yield					779:783	The maximum DS yield	764:783	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml	764:796	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	1	26	theme	agro	150:153	arg1	material					172:179	an agro industrial waste material	147:179	an agro industrial waste material	147:179	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	0	27	theme	Sugar	0:4	arg1	Beet					6:9	Sugar Beet	0:9	Sugar Beet	0:9	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	10	28	theme	waste	1281:1285	arg1	materials					1287:1295	waste materials	1281:1295	waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product	1281:1347	Our study reveals the basis for the development of process for DS production with additional reduction of expenses by using waste materials for obtaining the valuable biotechnological product.
27287996	7	29	theme	Scanning	899:906	arg1	SEM					929:931	SEM	929:931	SEM	929:931	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed immobilization of Lc.
27287996	7	29	theme	Scanning	899:906	arg1	microscopy					917:926	Scanning electron microscopy	899:926	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	899:932	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed immobilization of Lc.
27287996	2	30	theme	waste	327:331	arg1	value					304:308	the value	300:308	the value of the generated waste	300:331	Thus, a major challenge nowadays is to develop procedures that could increase the value of the generated waste.
27287996	7	31	theme	electron	908:915	arg1	SEM					929:931	SEM	929:931	SEM	929:931	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed immobilization of Lc.
27287996	7	31	theme	electron	908:915	arg1	microscopy					917:926	Scanning electron microscopy	899:926	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	899:932	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed immobilization of Lc.
27287996	9	32	theme	DS	1054:1055	arg1	production					1040:1049	the production	1036:1049	the production of DS on molasses	1036:1067	According to the obtained results, the production of DS on molasses could be improved by using NaOH-treated SBP as a carrier for whole-cell immobilization.
27287996	1	33	theme	waste	166:170	arg1	material					172:179	an agro industrial waste material	147:179	an agro industrial waste material	147:179	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	8	34	theme	T3	977:978	arg1	cells					980:984	mesenteroides T3 cells	963:984	mesenteroides T3 cells	963:984	mesenteroides T3 cells onto SBP-NaOH.
27287996	3	35	theme	dextransucrase	444:457	arg1	production					464:473	a dextransucrase (DS) production	442:473	a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3	442:505	In this study, SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3.
27287996	1	36	theme	Sugar	108:112	arg1	SBP					125:127	SBP	125:127	SBP	125:127	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	1	36	theme	Sugar	108:112	arg1	pulp					119:122	Sugar beet pulp	108:122	Sugar beet pulp (SBP)	108:128	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	6	37	theme	sucrose	876:882	arg1	concentration					884:896	sucrose concentration	876:896	sucrose concentration	876:896	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	5	38	theme	maximum	667:673	arg1	production					678:687	the maximum DS production	663:687	the maximum DS production	663:687	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	9	39	theme	whole-cell	1130:1139	arg1	immobilization					1141:1154	whole-cell immobilization	1130:1154	whole-cell immobilization	1130:1154	According to the obtained results, the production of DS on molasses could be improved by using NaOH-treated SBP as a carrier for whole-cell immobilization.
27287996	4	40	with	treatment	562:570	arg1	SBP-NaOH					583:590	SBP-NaOH	583:590	SBP-NaOH	583:590	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	4	40	with	treatment	562:570	arg1	NaOH					577:580	NaOH	577:580	NaOH (SBP-NaOH)	577:591	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	1	41	theme	industrial	155:164	arg1	material					172:179	an agro industrial waste material	147:179	an agro industrial waste material	147:179	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	5	42	theme	molasses	736:743	arg1	concentration					719:731	the concentration	715:731	the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose	715:761	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	0	43	theme	Leuconostoc	19:29	arg1	mesenteroides					31:43	Leuconostoc mesenteroides	19:43	Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses	19:105	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	5	44	theme	DS	675:676	arg1	production					678:687	the maximum DS production	663:687	the maximum DS production	663:687	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	4	45	theme	native	532:537	arg1	SBP-N					545:549	SBP-N	545:549	SBP-N	545:549	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	4	45	theme	native	532:537	arg1	form					539:542	native form	532:542	native form (SBP-N)	532:550	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	0	46	dep	mesenteroides	31:43	arg1	Support					48:54	T3 Support	45:54	Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses	19:105	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	1	47	theme	beet	114:117	arg1	SBP					125:127	SBP	125:127	SBP	125:127	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	1	47	theme	beet	114:117	arg1	pulp					119:122	Sugar beet pulp	108:122	Sugar beet pulp (SBP)	108:128	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	0	48	theme	T3	45:46	arg1	Support					48:54	T3 Support	45:54	Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses	19:105	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	3	49	theme	nutrients	418:426	arg1	source					408:413	a source	406:413	a source of nutrients	406:426	In this study, SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3.
27287996	3	50	used	used	433:436	arg2	SBP					349:351	SBP	349:351	SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients	349:426	In this study, SBP as a support for cell immobilization and molasses as a source of nutrients were used for a dextransucrase (DS) production by Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3.
27287996	5	51	theme	sucrose	755:761	arg1	concentration					719:731	the concentration	715:731	the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose	715:761	The optimal medium composition for the maximum DS production was determined by varying the concentration of molasses, SBP, and sucrose.
27287996	4	52	theme	SBP	525:527	arg1	influence					512:520	The influence	508:520	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production	508:608	The influence of SBP in native form (SBP-N) and after treatment with NaOH (SBP-NaOH) on DS production was investigated.
27287996	9	53	from	production	1040:1049	arg1	molasses					1060:1067	molasses	1060:1067	molasses	1060:1067	According to the obtained results, the production of DS on molasses could be improved by using NaOH-treated SBP as a carrier for whole-cell immobilization.
27287996	0	54	theme	Enhanced	60:67	arg1	Production					84:93	Enhanced Dextransucrase Production	60:93	Enhanced Dextransucrase Production	60:93	Sugar Beet Pulp as Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3 Support for Enhanced Dextransucrase Production on Molasses.
27287996	9	55	theme	NaOH-treated	1096:1107	arg1	SBP					1109:1111	NaOH-treated SBP	1096:1111	NaOH-treated SBP	1096:1111	According to the obtained results, the production of DS on molasses could be improved by using NaOH-treated SBP as a carrier for whole-cell immobilization.
27287996	9	55	theme	NaOH-treated	1096:1107	arg1	carrier					1118:1124	a carrier	1116:1124	a carrier for whole-cell immobilization	1116:1154	According to the obtained results, the production of DS on molasses could be improved by using NaOH-treated SBP as a carrier for whole-cell immobilization.
27287996	6	56	theme	concentration	884:896	arg1	%					871:871	4 %	869:871	4 % of sucrose concentration	869:896	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	56	theme	concentration	884:896	arg1	concentration					884:896	sucrose concentration	876:896	sucrose concentration	876:896	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	56	theme	concentration	884:896	arg1	%					834:834	2.5 %	830:834	2.5 % of molasses	830:846	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	56	theme	concentration	884:896	arg1	molasses					839:846	molasses	839:846	molasses	839:846	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	6	56	theme	concentration	884:896	arg1	SBP-NaOH					855:862	2.5 % SBP-NaOH	849:862	2.5 % SBP-NaOH	849:862	The maximum DS yield of 2.02 U/ml was obtained in the medium with 2.5 % of molasses, 2.5 % SBP-NaOH, and 4 % of sucrose concentration.
27287996	2	57	theme	generated	317:325	arg1	waste					327:331	the generated waste	313:331	the generated waste	313:331	Thus, a major challenge nowadays is to develop procedures that could increase the value of the generated waste.
27287996	1	58	theme	large	198:202	arg1	amounts					204:210	large amounts	198:210	large amounts	198:210	Sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses, as an agro industrial waste material, are produced in large amounts annually.
27287996	8	59	theme	mesenteroides	963:975	arg1	cells					980:984	mesenteroides T3 cells	963:984	mesenteroides T3 cells	963:984	mesenteroides T3 cells onto SBP-NaOH.